The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1805-04-11 00:00:00

THE ENQUIRER.
RICHMOND, (Virginia) PUBLISHED BY RITCHIE & WORSLEY, OPPOSITE THE POST-OFFICE...AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM...payable in advance.
NUMBER 105.]
THURSDAY MORNING, APRIL 11, 1805.
[VOLUME 1.]
Auction Sales.
THOMAS TAYLOR & Co. Will in future sell at the store occupied by M. W. Hance & Co. on Wednesdays in each week; and at their office, on Tuesdays and Fridays as usual. Dec. 1, 1804. eptf
Guerra Printing Office.
COOK & GRANTLAND. Respectfully acquaint the public, and particularly those who are fond of encouraging young beginners, that they have lately procured a parcel of new type, which will enable them to execute on the shortest notice, PAMPHLETS, HAND-BILLS, CARDS, &c. in the neatest style, at the usual prices.
JUST PUBLISHED, BY COOK & GRANTLAND, AND FOR SALE AT THE MINERVA OFFICE, THE FARCE OF RAISING THE WIND.
The following critical remarks on this production are copied from a London periodical work of high repute:
"November 5th, 1802. To-night a new Farce, entitled, Raising the Wind ," was performed for the first time. "This Farce is of the true English stamp, and the best we have seen for a great length of time. The incidents follow each other with that rapidity that not a moment is left for languor; and politics such gaiety, that it is impossible not to be pleased. The humour is the most unconfined that can be imagined." "This Farce deserved and obtained the most complete success. The plaudits were almost unremitting. The piece was given out for repetition on with universal applause." — Lady's Monthly Museum , No. 11, Feb. ii. April 9. (St.)
J. WARRELL
Respectfully acquaints his friends and patrons, that for their convenience he has removed his DANCING ACADEMY to the Bell-Tavern. The next Dance will commence on Thursday the 18th instant. April 9. (4p.)
TO BE SOLD—FOR READY MONEY,
In pursuance of a decree of the Circuit Court of the United States, between Phineas Bond, attorney for the creditors of Ezekial Edwards, plaintiff, and David Ross, and others, defendants, in order to raise the sum of 7000 dols. 40 cents, with the expenses of sale, a NUMBER OF SLAVES and so much of that valuable Estate in the county of Campbell, known by the name of the OXFORD IRON WORKS, as shall appear sufficient to raise the said sum of money and the said expenses; the said land being now in the occupation of the said David Ross, and the slaves aforesaid, being on the land.
The sale will take place at the Oxford Iron Works, in the county of Campbell, on Thursday the 11th of April next. The slaves are represented to be very valuable. The land is so well known, as to render a description unnecessary. BEN. MOSBY, N. M. for Jos. SCOTT, M. V. D.
At the request of Mr. Ross, the sale of the property above mentioned, is postponed until Thursday the 9th of next month. April 9. Im
NOTICE.
All persons indebted to the Estate of John Tabb, Esq., late of Amelia county, whether by engagement entered into with the decedent in his lifetime, or with his administrators since his death, are requested to make immediate payment. It is desired that due attention will be given to this notice, as the administrators are now about finally closing their accounts of administration, and of course, can no longer exercise any discretion respecting further indulgence.
If there be any person who has just claims against the estate, not hitherto presented, they are now requested to present them for payment. THE ADMINISTRATORS.
P. S. The papers respecting all debts due the estate are lodged with Abraham B. Venable, Esq. of Richmond, who is authorised to receive payments & grant discharges for the same. The Administrators. Amelia, March 28.—(ethsw.)
THE CELEBRATED WARM SPRINGS IN VIRGINIA.
The subscribers have taken a lease of ten years, of the highly celebrated MEDICAL SPRINGS in the county of Bath, called the Warm Springs, so justly famed for their great cures and general relief in many complaints.
THEY are now preparing every necessary comfort and accommodation to suit the amusement of those who have health, and to promote the recovery of those who are unwell. It is deemed necessary to make these things widely known, because complaints have heretofore been made against the entertainment which has been offered.
Preparations are made for at least one hundred constant Larders, before transient guests, for the accommodation of which, the subscribers will make all possible exertions; and they flatter themselves, that those who may place confidence in this advertisement, will not find the smallest cause for regret or complaint. ROBERT & GEORGE TURNER.
The editors of the National Intelligencer and Baltimore Federal Gazette, are requested to insert the above four times in their respective papers. March 28.—(epsw.)
FOR RENT:
The Large White House at Rocketts, formerly occupied by Mr. William Fenwick, and afterwards by Mr. Braxton Craddock. For terms apply to GALLEGÓ, RICHARD & CO. January 11. (tf)
JUST RECEIVED,
AND FOR SALE BY THE SUBSCRIBER, FOUR hundred pieces House Paper, Philadelphia B by the barrel, a small quantity of first quality New-England Cheeses; also 400 barrels Corn. EDWARD HALLAM. April 6.—(tawf.)
LOST,
Three certificates standing on the books of the Commissioner of Loans for the State of Virg. in the name of John Guillet (Virg.) One certificate of 6 per cent stock issued the 17th of April 1793, No. 852, for 23 dols. 84 cents—One ditto 6 per cent deferred stock issued the same time No. 814, for 11 dollars 92 cents—One ditto 3 per cent stock issued the same time, No. 816, for 17 dollars. April 4. Gw.
CASH
Will be given for 12 or 15 BOYS, from 7 to 15 years old. Enquire of the Printers. Dec. 19. [epf]
FISHER & LESUEUR,
HAVE JUST RECEIVED, A LARGE SUPPLY OF GROCERIES, viz:
 Muscavado Sugar  Pepper, Pimento, Cloves  Belt Green Coffee  Nutmegs, Mace and Celia  Double and single refined  Madder, Brimstone, Alum, and Copperas  Loaf Sugar  Spanish & Bengal Indigo  Retail Molasses and Treacle  Spermaceti Oil  Old Antigua, Jamaica, Santa Cruz, St. Kitts and N. E. Rum  Pickled Salmon and Cod  Old Cogniac Brandy  Fifth  Holland Gin  New-York Candles and Soap  Madeira, Port, Sherry, Teneriffe and Malaga  Gun Powder  Wine  Patent Shot from 1 to 8  Bottled Port and Claret  Thomas Leiper's Snuff  Caldwell, Fraiture & Co's Maccaha do.  Superfine Chocolate  Porter Corks  Young Hyson, Souchong, Imperial, and a few canisters containing 1/2 lb.  Gin Casks  Gun-powder Tea  Demijohns  Scotch Barley  Cut qt & pint Decanters  Fresh Oil and Olives  Plain and cut half pint  Basket Salt  Pint & quart Tumblers  Fresh Mustard  Cut Jelly Glasses  Spanish Segars  China Bowls from 1 pint to 6 quarts  Martinique, Noyau and Bordeaux Cordials  Tea and Coffee Cups and Saucers  Box Raisins & Almonds  Patent Night Lamps.  Raw & ground Ginger 
ALSO—A QUANTITY OF GERMAN OSNABURGS & TICKLENBURGS. All of which were selected for this market by J. Fisher, and will be sold Wholesale and Retail on moderate terms. March 30. (coptf)
FOR SALE,
THAT valuable and well known TAVERN, with about two hundred and forty acres of LAND adjoining thereto, in the county of Henrico, about seven miles from the city of Richmond, at the junction of the Fredericksburg and Staunton roads, commonly called Gregory's Tavern, now in the occupation of Mr. Gatewood. The advantages attached to this property are so well known as to render it unnecessary to detail them in an advertisement. The terms may be known on application to the subscriber, living in King William county, and the land will be shown by Mr. Gatewood. ROGER GREGORY. March 28.—(ethsw.)
DOCTOR WILSON received yesterday a supply of Peruvian Bark, Castor Oil and Jalap, all of the best quality. He also has Calomel, Rhubarb, Senna, Manna, Rochelle and Glauber Salts, Tartar Emetic, Ipecacuanha, Opium, Elastic and Silver Gathers, Elastic and common Bougies, &c. &c. &c.
He desires to keep a supply of the best Medicines that can be procured, and flatters himself that his acquaintance with Medicine, will entitle him to a share of public patronage. Persons of needy circumstances by paying the retail prices of his Medicines, will be preferred for gratis. October 31. eptf
THE PATENT BALANCE.
THE great accuracy, convenience and dispatch, besides economy of expense, labor and time attendant on this truly valuable improvement in the art of weighing, had such weight with the last general assembly, as to induce them to authorize the use of it in the tobacco warehouses of this commonwealth.
This late testimonial in its favor, with many others in possession of the subscriber, together with the general approbation expressed by all purchasers, and his own experience, afford him ample reason to believe they are preferable to the common beams, scales and weights now generally used. As agent for the Patente, he keeps always a general assortment on hand, to weigh from 100 to 3000 pounds, or fill more if required by particular order. E. W. ROOTES. Feb. 12. oaw 2m
IN CHANCERY.
Williamsburg Huddings Court, February 25, 1805. John Coke, administrator de bonis non of Samuel Coke, dec'd. Against Robey Coke and Samuel Coke, Defs.
THE Defendants, not having entered their appearance, and given security according to the Act of Assembly, and the rules of this Court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of this court, that they are not inhabitants of this state; on the motion of the plaintiff by his counsel, it is ordered that the said defendants do appear here on the first day of June Court next, and answer the bill of the complaint, and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in the Enquirer printed in Richmond, for two months successively, and another copy posted at the front door of the Court-House of this city. A Copy, Teste, WILLIAM RUSSELL, C. C. March 28.—(ethsw.)
NEAL NELSON, BOOT & SHOE MANUFACTURER,
MAKES Boots & Shoes to any pattern or fashion, equal in point of MATERIALS and WORKMANSHIP to any in general use.
Imported BOOTS and SHOES, of the first quality and newest fashion, for sale. Gentlemen at a distance, who are disposed to forward me their measure, by paying attention to the annexed cut, can be fitted with Boots or Shoes as well as if they were on the spot. A—the length of the Boot—C—round the Calf—B—the pitch of ditto—D—round the heel and instep—E—round the instep—G—across the ball of the foot. Fix the heel against a perpendicular, and stick a knife at the end of the great toe—set down in figures the number of inches and quarters, in the different measures. January 1. eptf
By virtue of a deed of trust executed by the late Richard Baugh, to secure a debt due to the late firm of Dunlop Pollock & Co. Will be sold on twelve months credit, on Tuesday the 23d instant, before the tavern of Mr. Brock, in the town of Manchester; FIVE likely NEGROES, to wit: Frank, Adam, Joe and Joan and her child Charity. Bonds with approved security will be required, to carry interest from the date, if not ructually paid. ALLAN POLLOCK. THOMAS TREDWAY. April 2. eptf
FOR SALE,
By the Subscribers, at their PAINT & OIL MANUFACTORY, Water-Street, Norfolk:
 WHITE LEAD  Yellow Ochre  Venetian Red  Spanish Brown  Black & Lead Colour for painting roofs  Blue and Green in pots of 1, 2 & 3 lbs. each  Vermilion, Prussian Blue, Patent Yellow, Red Lead, Litharge, Sugar of Lead, White Vitriol, Ivory Black.  Ground in Oil and in 28 & 14lb. kegs. ALSO— 1200 gallons Dutch Linseed Oil, Spirits of turpentine, Copal and turpentine, Varnish and Window Glass, of all sizes. Orders for any of the above articles, left with Messrs. Proffer & Manere, Richmond, will be attended to immediately, by JOHN RORKE & CO. Norfolk, March 1, 1805. (eptf)
NOTICE.
THAT Mr. Anthony Dibrell of Buckingham county, is hereby fully authorised to make a sale of one TRACT OF LAND, in Patrick, containing 5000 acres, lying on Dan river—three ditto in Grayson county, lying on the waters of Little Reed Island creek—one of a thousand acres each, and one of 500 acres; the said Dibrell will attend at next April Grayson court for the sale of the said lands and on behalf of NATHL ANDERSON. Albemarle county, March 19, 1805. tds.
TO RENT,
AND POSSESSION GIVEN IMMEDIATELY, A TENEMENT on Shockoe Hill, adjoining the house now occupied by Mr. John McCredie, lately possessed by the Subscriber. There is on it a convenient Wooden House with two rooms, a closet and a passage, on the first floor. Two rooms and a closet above, a kitchen and three cellars below with a Smoke House and Garden. WM. LONG. January 17th 1805. eptf.
STORED AT THE SUBSCRIBER'S
TWO Casks Marked (C.) shipped at New-York, on board the Schooner Esther and Henry, Henry Mendenhall master. The owner is requested to call, pay charges, and take them away. SARAH LESTER. March 28.—(epsw.)
WHO HAS FOR SALE, Boards, Plank, Scantling, Cypress, Shingles, Cedar Posts, Rhode Island and Philadelphia Lime in bldgs. and tiers. Black and Bright Varnish, Tar, Wheat Funs, Wool Wires, and Wire Sifters, &c. March 28.—(epsw.)
BURR MILL STONES, OF ALL SIZES; and a PLAISTER OF PARIS, of an excellent quality, FOR SALE, AS USUAL, BY WILLIAM DAVIDSON. near the Market. Dec. 4. [epf.]
BROAD-ROCK RACES.
ON Tuesday the 30th instant, will be run for, the JOCKY CLUB PURSE of Four Hundred Dollars, four mile heats. The second day, the PROPRIETOR'S PURSE of Two Hundred Dollars, three mile heats. The third day, a SWEEP STAKE for 4 year Olds and Fillies, two mile heats; entrance 100 Dollars, half forfeit; subscription to be kept open until the evening of the first day's Race. The money to be run for each day, will be placed in the hands of the Judges by the Proprietor of the Course. WILLIAM BALL, Proprietor of the Course. April 6th.—(eptsoth.)
FAIRFIELD RACES.
ON Monday the 6th day of May, The FAIRFIELD JOCKEY CLUB CUP will be run for, free for all ages—the horses to be bona fide the property of members—distance, two mile heats. The day following, the JOCKEY CLUB PURSE of Four hundred dollars, four mile heats. On the third day, the PURSE OF THE PROPRIETOR OF THE COURSE, of two hundred dollars, three mile heats. On Thursday, a SWEEP STAKE for Colts of 3 years old, for a pipe of best Madeira Wine; distance, two mile heats. Four Colts are entered, and the subscription closed. WEIGHTS AS FOLLOWS:
  Aged 133 lbs.   6 years old 128   5 do. do. 118   4 do. do. 106   3 do. do. 90   Mares & Geldings allowed 3 lbs. 
ESME SMOCK, who is now proprietor of the Course, informs gentlemen of the Turf, that the money to be run for on each day, will be placed in the hands of the Judges. He is willing to rent the Dining House, and the Booths in the Field. Persons will be placed at the gate to receive Toll, as usual. He will also furnish stables and litter for race horses gratis; and board servants at 25 cts pr. day. March 26. (eptr)
A TRACT OF LAND.
THE Subscriber offers for sale, a TRACT OF LAND, on which he is at present residing, situated in the county of Westmoreland, and bounded by the rivers Potomac and Yeocomico. This tract contains about seven hundred acres of strong loam ground, one half of which is thickly covered with very valuable pine and oak timber, and the other well suited to the culture of corn and small grain; the situation a very healthy and handsome one, commanding an extensive view up, and a beautiful view down the Potomac. The waters to which this land is immediately attached afford an abundance and with great convenience the finest oysters and wild fowl in their season; and fish in great variety and of the finest kinds throughout the year. The purchaser may have the flock of cattle, sheep and hogs, together with the implements of husbandry on the plantation. One half the amount of purchase must be paid at the time of the taking possession, which may be had with the close of the present year with undivided title; for the remainder, twelve months credit will be given on payment being satisfactory secured. ALEXANDER PARKER. Westmoreland, March 19. (epsw.)
LAND FOR SALE.
A TRACT of about 850 acres, lying on James River, adjoining the town of Lynchburg; one hundred and forty of which is low ground, and said to be of the first quality; a considerable proportion of the high ground lies well, and well adapted to the culture of tobacco and grain. It has an excellent road and rock fishery on it; a small apple orchard, a good dwelling house and convenient out-houses; a mill seat, supposed to be superior to any in that part of the country—the mill house would set within thirty-six poles of the river, on navigable water. Likely negroes would be received in part pay, and a generous price allowed for one or two blacksmiths that are under 30 years of age, and good workmen. For further particulars, apply to the Subscriber on the premises, or Mr. William Brown, merchant, in Lynchburg. JEWELL & JONES. March 1. (epf)
VALUABLE PROPERTY.
The subscriber desires to defer his business in this place as soon as possible, is induced to offer for sale, the following valuable property, viz:
A CONVENIENT two story dwelling house, 24 feet square, having one room and a passage on the lower floor, two rooms on the second floor, and two good rooms in the garret, a cellar with plank floor, and divided into three apartments, one used for cooking; the yard inclosed with a brick wall seven feet high, the whole in good repair. This tenement is situated near the Bell-Tavern, on the cross street leading to the Rock landing, and is insured in the Mutual Insurance company, against fire in the state of Virginia, and the premiums paid. Eleven unimproved half acre Lots, on Shockoe-Hill. 600 acres Military land in Kanawha county, on the waters of Oldtown creek, a branch of Ohio river, being a grant made to George Mule, Adam Stevens, Andrew Lewis and others, in the year 1772. 25 tracts of land in Montgomery county, containing 32,172 3/4 acres, the whole patented in my name, viz:
 4000 acres surveyed 3d April, 1786 in Montgomery county, on Cole river.  3080 acres surveyed 24th July, 1786 in same county, on 15 mile creek, adjoining the late General Washington's survey on Kanawha river.  3062 1/2 acres surveyed 23d July, 1786, in same county, on Loop waters, waters of New-river.  1000 acres surveyed 13th May, 1786 in same county, on the Ohio river.  3210 acres surveyed 5th April, 1786 in same county, south of a creek running into Cole river.  2138 acres surveyed 21th February, 1787 in same county, on Cole river.  320 acres surveyed 3d February, 1787 in same county, on the waters of Cooper's creek and Little Blue river.  1300 acres surveyed 16th Feb. 1787 in same county, on the head waters of the fourth fork of Cole river, that heads against Guyandott.  95 acres surveyed 10th Feb. 1787 in same county, on the head waters of Glade creek.  78 acres surveyed 8th Feb. 1787 in same county, on a branch emptying into Glade creek on the south side of the fame, and about one mile above the ford of said creek.  500 acres surveyed 10th Feb. 1787 in same county, on the north fork of Mud river, that heads against Guyandott.  1500 acres surveyed 12th May, 1786 in same county, on Ohio river.  2000 acres surveyed 8th May, 1786 in same county, on the great Kanawha.  1000 acres surveyed 16th May, 1786 in same county and on ditto.  263 acres surveyed 8th Feb. 1787 in same county, on the head of Glade creek.  214 acres surveyed 7th Feb. 1787 in same county, on the waters of Glade creek, on the south side thereof.  135 acres surveyed 6th Feb. 1787 in same county, on the west end of Joe's Ridge, and on the waters of Glade creek.  154 acres surveyed 6th Feb. 17 Feb. 1787 in same county on Joe's ridge.  228 acres surveyed 6th Feb. 1787 in same county, on Joe's ridge, and the waters of Glade and Cooper's creek.  414 acres surveyed 22d Feb. 1787 in same county, on the second fork of Cole River, on the road crossing from Piney river to Guyandott.  2000 acres surveyed 23th Feb. 1787 in same county, under the big pipe stem knob, and running down both sides of the creek.  416 acres surveyed 4th Feb. 1787 in same county, on the waters of Coopers creek, and Joe's ridge.  380 acres surveyed 3d Feb. 1787 in same county, on the head waters of Cooper's creek.  3358 acres surveyed 20th Feb. 1787 in same county, on the fourth fork of Cole river.  1345 acres surveyed 24 Feb. 1787 in same county, on the head waters of little Blue river, about half a mile north from the White Oak creek.  Three tracts of land in Monongalia county, patented in my name, viz:  350 acres by survey 1st June, 1796 in Monongalia county, adjoining Matthew Richey's land, and the Randolph county line, on waters of Cheat river.  400 acres surveyed 20th October, 1797 in same county, adjoining lands of Abner Harper, above the mouth of White Day creek.  400 Acres surveyed 15th Nov. 1797 in same county, adjoining Peter Drago, on Finche's run, to include an improvement made in the year 1773.  1000 acres in same county, on the west of Cheat river, above the lands of Thos. Butler.  500 acres in same county, on Buffalo creek, on a pre-emption right of David Gray.  250 acres in Greenbrier county, on Little Deer creek, adjoining lands of Joseph McClung.  891 acres in Montgomery county, surveyed 1st August, 1787, on the waters of Piney river & Paint creek, waters of Kanawha river.  435 acres in Montgomery county, surveyed 30th June 1786, joining the lands of Joseph Eaton, Richard Mule, and James McCordle.  230 acres in Wythe county, surveyed 4th Nov. 1795, on the Led Mine Mill creek.  180 acres in Albemarle county, patent dated 5th July, 1787, on William Hill creek, waters of Buck Island creek.  One undivided moiety of five lots, in the town of Winchester, No's. 89, 90, 100, 101, and 109. The above will be sold very low, and the terms made known on application to WM. AUSTIN. Richmond, April 9.—(tf.) 
TO BE SOLD.
PURSUANT to a Deed of Trust, executed to me by the late Henry Randolph, Esq., to secure the payment of certain sums of money in the said Deed, acknowledged to be due from him to Lyle and McCredie, merchants, a parcel of land situated in the county of Chesterfield, within the distance of four miles from Manchester, and estimated to contain about three hundred and fifteen acres. This land, commonly known by the name of Scott's tract, or the Camp tract, will be set up for sale to the highest bidder, on Wednesday the first of May next, between the hours of eleven A. M. and two P. M. at Zachariah Brooks's Tavern in Manchester, on the following terms, viz:—One third of the purchase money to be paid down, one third in six months, and the remaining third in twelve months from the day of sale. Bond and security will be required for the punctual payment of the credit instalments, on which payment being made, a proper conveyance will be executed by JOHN HEVENINGHAM. Chesterfield, March 28.—(epds.)
I SHALL in future be regular in my attendance upon the Superior Court of Chancery for the Richmond District, the Circuit Federal Court, and the Supreme Court of Appeals; and shall be particularly attentive to any business committed to my care, in either of those courts, as an Attorney at Law. As I purpose declining my practice in the counties of Cumberland, Prince Edward and Charlotte, any business which I may have in them unfinished, in my absence, will be attended to in the two latter by Edward Booker, Esq. and in the former by Samuel Taylor, Esq. Letters addressed to me, by mail, to the Farmville Post-Office, Prince Edward, will be conveniently received and attended to. March 28. CREED TAYLOR.
WILL BE SOLD,
At Public Auction, on Saturday the 20th day of April next, at the Rawleigh Tavern, in the city of Williamsburg; THAT valuable Plantation called YARMOUTH, lying in James City county, on Chickahominy River, ten miles from Williamsburg. The improvements are, a two story brick house, with two rooms and a passage above and below; porticoes on each side; a large and capacious barn, and three other out-houses. The whole tract, including an Island, in view of the house, high and low land with marshes, contains about 2700 acres; scarcely one third of which is cleared. Two thirds of the Island is arable, which, with the land adjoining the house, is of superior quality. Adjacent to the Island are two bold and navigable creeks, with a convenient landing to each. The range for cattle is very extensive, and the marshes and meadows will supply an abundance of hay. Fish and wild fowl, in their respective seasons, may with ease be obtained at your door. The orchards, consisting of the greatest variety of all kinds of fruit, selected with care, are now in their prime. The terms of sale are one third cash and one, two and three equal annual payments, for the balance. PEYTON RANDOLPH, jr. For ELIZA INNES. Feb. 19. (eptds)
ADVERTISEMENT.
To be SOLD to the highest bidder, on a credit of twelve months,
FIVE TRACTS OF LAND, belonging to the estate of Thomas Anderson, dec. viz:—One in Campbell county, of 400 acres, lying on both sides of the main road, on the branches of Beaver Creek; this tract to be sold at next April Campbell court, being the 5th day of the month.
One in Botetourt county of 60 acres, lying on Catawba creek; this tract to be sold at next April Botetourt court, being the 11th day of the month; these two tracts to be attended by Mr. Anthony Dibrell, who is hereby fully authorised to act for the executors of the said Thomas Anderson.
One of 400 acres, one of 147 acres, and one of 50 acres, lying in Buckingham county, the two former on the waters of Rock Island creek, and the latter one on Irving's ferry road. These three last tracts to be sold at next May Buckingham court, being the 13th day of the month. Bond with approved security will be required, to bear interest from the date from the date, but if punctually paid the interest shall be remitted.
NATHL ANDERSON, & ROBERT RIVES. Ex'rs of Thos. Anderson, dec. Albemarle county, March 19, 1805. tds.
CHOICE LANDS—FOR SALE.
DIVISION of the famous Saura Town Lands having taken place between the heirs of James Park Farley, Esq. dec'd. and Col. John S. Farley and his sister Mrs. Elizabeth Morton, the subscribers, Robert Taylor of Norfolk, and Charles Duncan at Rosslyn, near Peterburg, are fully empowered by the said Col. Farley and Mrs. Morton, to dispose of their proportion, containing 12,882 acres, which are surveyed and laid off in eight lots, containing from 500 to 2800 acres, agreeable to plots in the possession of the said Duncan. The four largest lots are of excellent quality, each containing a considerable proportion of the rich, soft loam, which produce tobacco of the very best quality, as has been experienced by one of the subscribers, who flipped it for a number of years. These lands lie on Dan and Smith's rivers, in Rockingham county, on the borders of North Carolina, about 170 miles from Peterburg and Richmond. As there are idiom such lands for sale, they must be an object to those who want to purchase such as will produce fine tobacco, hemp and small grain. One third of the price must be paid in ready money, one third in twelve months, and the other third in two years, the purchaser giving bond with unexceptionable security bearing interest from the date if not punctually paid. Those who wish to purchase will be shown the lands by Doctor John C. Cox, living at Leekville, near Rockingham Court-House, and the terms made known by ROBERT TAYLOR, or CHARLES DUNCAN. Peterburg, Nov. 24. eptf
VALUABLE PROPERTY FOR SALE.

FRIDAY, Feb. 15.
(Continued.)
WILLIAM MARSHALL Esquire.
Mr. Harper. Informs the court how soon you saw Judge Chase after his arrival at Richmond...
As soon as I had read the presentment, at the request of the attorney of the district the jury were taken back to their chamber...
[Mr. Marshall here produced and read the original capias.]
On Saturday the 24th of May, in the afternoon, the grand jury brought in the indictment. I have taken these circumstances from a copy of the minutes of my office...
When the Senate decided that it should be put—Yeas 32—Nays 2. Mr. Marshall. Mr. Giles was on a jury in the circuit court on, I think, the 27th of May...
Mr. Marshall. Judge Chase was, as he informed me, a total stranger at Richmond, and had never been there until he held the court in 1800.
Mr. Marshall. I cannot, but I think it was the day before Judge Griffin arrived. I recollected very well, on that day Mr. D. Randolph & myself walked up to the court room.
Mr. Marshall. Yes, Sir, he was on the floor, he had taken his leave, as I supposed, of Judge Chase, and was either out of the room, or in the act of coming out of it.
be prepared against the next term, if the court would indulge him with a continuance. After Judge Chase had made this offer of a postponement...
On Monday the 2d of June, col. Taylor appeared in court. The other witnesses were called, but they did not appear.
On Tuesday morning soon after the opening of the court, the motion for a continuance was renewed, founded on the affidavit of Callender...
Mr. Harper. Did any thing pass between you and Judge Chase, respecting the jury summoned to try Callender?
Mr. Nicholson made some objection to this question. Mr. Harper replied in support of it.
The objection was then withdrawn by the managers; but further objection being made by a member of the court.
The President desired the question to be reduced to writing. When the Senate decided that it should be put—Yeas 32—Nays 2.
Mr. Marshall. Mr. Giles was on a jury in the circuit court on, I think, the 27th of May, the day Callender was brought into court by the Marshal.
Mr. Marshall. I believe it was, Sir. At that time, the Virginia district was within Judge Chase's circuit, and do you recollect that he said he would not continue the cause till the next term?
Mr. Marshall. I cannot, but I think it was the day before Judge Griffin arrived. I recollected very well, on that day Mr. D. Randolph & myself walked up to the court room.
Mr. Marshall. Yes, Sir, he was on the floor, he had taken his leave, as I supposed, of Judge Chase, and was either out of the room, or in the act of coming out of it.
Mr. Marshall. I believe it was, Sir. At that time, the Virginia district was within Judge Chase's circuit, and do you recollect that he said he would not continue the cause till the next term?
jurors above twenty-five years of age; and freeholders, that there should be enough to supply the juries required at that court.
Mr. Harper. Did he direct them to be summoned from the county or the town.
Mr. Marshall. I have stated all that I remember relative to the summoning of the jury.
Mr. Harper. Did he say any thing of the description of persons, relative to parties.
Mr. Marshall. I do not recollect that he said a word.
Mr. Harper. Did you make it a practice to go with the judge to court every day from his lodgings?
Mr. Marshall. I walked every day with him, I made it an uniform practice. The judge's lodgings were on my way to court, not more than twenty yards out of my way.
Mr. Key. When the subpoenas were returned on the 2d of June, and neither Mr. Giles nor Gen. Mason appeared, was their an application made to the court to allow a further time for their appearance?
Mr. Marshall. There were some observations made, but I do not recollect whether I attended to them at that time or not; but I think Judge Chase offered to file an attachment for them, and left it to the pleasure of the traverser to say whether he would have compulsory process issued.
Mr. Key. Do you recollect, Sir, whether that was applied for by the counsel, or whether it was a voluntary offer on the part of the court?
Mr. Marshall. I understood that it was a voluntary offer on the part of the court.
Mr. Harper. Did Judge Chase confer with Judge Griffin upon the motion for a continuance, and upon the rejection of Col. Taylor's testimony?
Mr. Marshall. I sat very near them, and I frequently heard them in conversation in a sort of whisper.
Mr. Harper. Did you ever hear any part of the conversation between them?
Mr. Marshall. I did not hear any thing distinctly but when Mr. Bassett was sworn, after having stated the situation in which he stood, Judge Chase asked him whether he had formed an opinion who was the author of the Prosest Before Us;
Mr. Harper. Did this conversation take place prior to the declaration of the opinion of the court by Judge Chase?
Mr. Marshall. I cannot say with certainty, because Judge Chase sometimes spoke without consulting Judge Griffin.
Mr. Harper. Was there any expression on the part of Judge Griffin of disapprobation of what was delivered by Judge Chase as the opinion of the court?
Mr. Marshall. None, Sir.
Mr. Nicholson. At the time of the trial of Callender, was it not the custom of the judges to choose their circuits?
Mr. Marshall. I believe it was, Sir.
Mr. Nicholson. At that time, the Virginia district was within Judge Chase's circuit, and do you recollect that he said he would not continue the cause till the next term?
Mr. Marshall. I recollected that Judge Chase said he would not continue it till the next term.
Mr. Nicholson. Who presided at the next term?
Mr. Marshall. Judge Paterson.
Mr. Randolph. You have said that on the morning when you found Mr. Heath about retiring from Judge Chase's chamber, you did not recollect whether the marshal accompanied you there or not?
Mr. Marshall. I do not recollect whether he did or not, but the probability, as resting on my mind, is that he did.
Mr. Randolph. Did he accompany you from the lodgings of Judge Chase to the court?
Mr. Marshall. Yes, I am certain of that, because I had the conversation with him which I have mentioned.
Mr. Randolph. You mentioned a conversation you had with Judge Chase on the subject of the political characters serving on the jury; that he wished that Mr. Giles, and other gentlemen of the same political character might serve on the trial of Callender; did you mention that conversation to the marshal?
Mr. Marshall. I do not remember to have conversed with him on that subject.
Mr. Randolph. Were you acquainted with the gentlemen who served as petit jurors on Callender's trial?
Mr. Marshall. Yes, Sir.
Mr. Randolph. Is there any one of them that comes under the description of being of the same political character with Mr. Giles?
Mr. Marshall. I believe not, Sir. At the time of the trial, I was not fully acquainted with the political characters of the gentlemen that served on the jury; but since I have learned, as I then conceived, that none of them were of the same politics with Mr. Giles.
Mr. Randolph. If I understand you right, Sir, you stated that a capias was ordered to be issued before the grand jury returned the indictment a true bill.
Mr. Marshall. I said on the presentment a capias was issued for the arrest of Callender, which was before the indictment was found.
Mr. Randolph. During the course of that trial, pray, Sir, tell the court were the interruptions of the counsel for the traverser more frequent than you have been in the habit of witnessing?
Mr. Marshall. I have rarely seen a trial where the interruptions were so frequent.
Mr. Randolph. Do you remember a single instance?
Mr. Marshall. I think in a trial where Judge Iredell presided there were interruptions which were as frequent, if not more frequent than took place in the course of this trial.
Mr. Randolph. Do you recollect any thing disrespectful on the part of the counsel towards the court on the trial of Callender?
Mr. Marshall. One of the counsel, Mr. Hay, appeared to be under a great deal of irritation during a great part of the trial.
Mr. Randolph. Did you perceive any cause for this?
Mr. Marshall. The court were very positive that the jury should not be addressed by the traverser's counsel on the constitutionality of the sedition law, and whenever that point was touched by the counsel, there was as much decision shown by the court as I ever witnessed.
Mr. Randolph. Was there much mirth among the jury?
Mr. Marshall. There was a good deal. I cannot say what gave rise to it, but it was kept up during the course of the trial.
Mr. Martin. What was the cause of the interruptions?
Mr. Marshall. It was the counsel persisting in addressing the jury on the constitutionality of the sedition law after the court had declared what was their opinion of the law on that point.
Mr. Randolph. Do you recollect any particular expressions used by the court on this subject?
Mr. Marshall. I heard Judge Chase say that the counsel for the traverser were mistaken in their exposition of the law, and they kept persisting their mistakes upon the court;
Mr. Harper. You say, Sir, that there was no gentleman on the petit jury of the same political opinion with Mr. Callender or Mr. Giles.
Mr. Marshall. On the jury that tried Callender.
Mr. Harper. Were there any on the pannel?
Mr. Marshall. There were colonel Harvie, Mr. Radford, and Mr. Marks Vanderwall.
Mr. Harper. How did it happen that none of those gentlemen served?
Mr. Marshall. Mr. Harvie suggested that he was sheriff of Henrico county, and that his presence was required, and on that ground the court excused him from serving on the jury.
Mr. Harper. When you said that the confusion on this trial took place, from the counsels, persisting their opinion on the jury, so I understand you as saying that it was after they (the counsels) had been over-ruled by the court.
Mr. Marshall. I so understood it, I did not perceive any other cause.
Mr. Harper. What took place on the motion for a continuance. The affidavit filed, stated, that the traverser could not produce his witnesses; did it state that he could prove a justification as to all the charges in the indictment?
Mr. Marshall. No, Sir, not that I remember, but the affidavit is here on file.
Mr. Marshall. I thought him in a remarkable good humour.
Mr. Harper. You say Judge Chase was polite. Was he harsh towards the counsel of the traverser?
Mr. Marshall. I did not think so. I remember that he said, his country had made him a Judge, & he would be the Judge on the business of that day, and whatever was transacted should be under the direction of the court.
Mr. Marshall. Yes, I am certain of that, because I had the conversation with him which I have mentioned.
Mr. Randolph. You mentioned a conversation you had with Judge Chase on the subject of the political characters serving on the jury; that he wished that Mr. Giles, and other gentlemen of the same political character might serve on the trial of Callender; did you mention that conversation to the marshal?
Mr. Marshall. I do not remember to have conversed with him on that subject.
Mr. Randolph. Were you acquainted with the gentlemen who served as petit jurors on Callender's trial?
Mr. Marshall. Yes, Sir.
Mr. Randolph. Is there any one of them that comes under the description of being of the same political character with Mr. Giles?
Mr. Marshall. I believe not, Sir. At the time of the trial, I was not fully acquainted with the political characters of the gentlemen that served on the jury; but since I have learned, as I then conceived, that none of them were of the same politics with Mr. Giles.
Mr. Randolph. If I understand you right, Sir, you stated that a capias was ordered to be issued before the grand jury returned the indictment a true bill.
Mr. Marshall. I said on the presentment a capias was issued for the arrest of Callender, which was before the indictment was found.
Mr. Randolph. The indictment was found on the 24th of May, was it not fir?
Mr. Marshall. The presentment was made on the morning of that day. The court sat longer than usual, and I remember that the jury wished to be discharged, but they were not, and it was five or six o'clock before they bro't in the bill of indictment.
Mr. Nicholson. Do you recollect whether the attorney of the district had commenced drawing the indictment before the presentment was made?
Mr. Marshall. I remember that the district attorney was drawing up the indictment before the presentment was made; he had made however very little progress in it at that time, it was furnished afterwards as soon as convenient, and transmitted to the grand jury.
out of the funds of the crown. The building of the town will be commenced without delay, and is expected to be finished in less than two years.
The hint in the last French papers, that Bonaparte means to make his brother king of Loubardy, causes no little speculation among politicians on this side of the water...
Cockpit, Whitehall. Before the most noble and right honorable the lords commissioners of appeals in prize causes.
The Venus, Oakford, master. This American Schooner, laden with a cargo of tobacco and cotton, was captured on the 19th of August, 1805...
The William Penna, Whedon, master. This was a farther proof case with respect to 326 bags of coffee. Their lordships being satisfied with the proofs produced, restored the property as claimed.
The Venus, Woodhouse, master. This ship, laden with a cargo of wine, oil, flour, provisions, and other articles, on a voyage from St. Thomas's to Cape Francois, her papers purporting a destination to St. Jago-de-Cuba, was captured on the 11th of September, 1798...
By a letter just received, we are informed that the Beagle fleet of war, which has lately joined Sir J. Oude's squadron, has captured a very rich Spanish ship laden with spices of different kinds and an immense quantity of dollars...
April 4. We learn, by the captain of the brig Canton, that the English blockading squadron off Cadiz do not permit neutral vessels to enter.
A passenger in the Canton confirms the account we published yesterday of the capture of a British convoy in the Mediterranean by two French frigates.
We have seen a letter from the respectable house of Strange & Co. of Cadiz, dated February 15th, which says "the English blockading fleet has disappeared from before this port, and is supposed to have joined that of the Mediterranean.—Ibid."
West-Indies.
NORFOLK, April 3.
By Captain Drysdale, from Port-Rico, we learn, that a few days before he failed, a Swedish vessel from Saint Croix, brought intelligence that the French had succeeded in their attack upon St. Kitts...
BALTIMORE, April 3.
Arrived, fchr. Chesapeake, Hurst, from Jaquemel. When captain Hurst left Jaquemel, the Haytian army had got within six leagues of the city of St. Domingo.
NEW-YORK, April 4.
The politicians of capt. Aborn of the brig Sea-Bower, arrived yesterday from Martinique via St. Bartholomews, has furnished us with interesting intelligence relative to the procedure of the French squadron in that quarter.
SHIPS. GUNS. FRIGATES. GUNS.
Le Maestricht 120 Le Hermine 50 Le Magnanime 84 Le Gloire 44 Le Sufin 74 Le Invincible 44 Le Lyon 74 Two brigs. Le Jeanne 74 One Schooner.
Daily Adv.
HE follows with to fill the HOUSE & LOTS in Williamsburg where he re-sheds the last year there are four acres of ground, with a comfortable dwelling, and every necessary out house; has one engraver, is situated in an agreeable part of the city, and possess the advantage of having excellent water on the spot. There are one thousand dollars.
WILLIAM MCANDLESH. Williamsburg, March 12. (24&3a2m)

Domestic Intelligence.
NEW-YORK, April 5.
Extract of a letter from New-Jersey to the Editor of the American Citizen, dated March 29, 1805.
"The Circuit Court held at Hackensack this week is concluded. But did not appear. He preferred that field of intrigue, a visit to Philadelphia, and a communication with his mischievous and evil-minded help-mates, Coxe and Dallas, to the putting himself upon an honest, intelligent, incorruptible jury. Perhaps too, like Macbeth, he is occasionally haunted and harassed by the frightful spectres of a disordered and wicked mind, and hence dreaded to pass through the county in which the ill-fated Hamilton was murdered."
I am told that a majority of the Senate of this state have passed a resolution directing the attorney general to prosecute the Editor of the Citizen for a libelous publication which appeared in the paper on the 25th March last. The prosecution is to be by information - A STAR CHAMBER proceeding!
[N. Y. A. Cit.]
LEGISLATURE OF PENNSYLVANIA.
House of Representatives.
JANUARY 31.
Mr. Engle from the committee on roads and inland navigation, to whom was referred on the 7th ultimo, that part of the governor's address, respecting the communication from the governor of Kentucky, relative to the improvement of the navigation of the river Ohio, made report; which was read as follows, viz.
That they have had under their consideration the resolution of the senate and the house of representatives of the state of Kentucky, and after due deliberation, are of opinion, that opening the passage through them more safe and certain, will be of great advantage to this state, not only in promoting the agricultural interests in the western parts thereof, but also in promoting the mercantile interest in the eastern parts, and by that means become an important advantage to this state at large; therefore, Pennsylvania ought to join with the other states alike interested therein, in every reasonable measure, for opening the same, so far as may be practicable in equity, and compatible with the state of the funds of this commonwealth; in consequence of which the committee offer the following resolution.
Resolved, that a committee be appointed to prepare and bring in a bill, authorizing the governor to appoint commissioners to join with commissioners to be appointed by the states of Virginia, Kentucky and Ohio, respectively, (if these states shall think proper to appoint such commissioners) to view the said rapids; consider of a plan for opening and improving the same; obtain an estimate of the expense thereof, and the reasonable proportion which each state ought to pay towards the same, according to the advantages each state might derive therefrom, and report the result of their deliberation to the governor of this commonwealth, to be laid before the legislature of this state for appropriation, and if approved, to authorise the governor to correspond, with the executives of the other states concerned, or any of them; and likewise to draw his warrant on the treasurer of this commonwealth, for a daily pay and mileage for the services of the said commissioners appointed by him. Laid on the table.
CALL OF A CONVENTION.
The committee to whom was referred a number of petitions from the citizens of different parts of the state, requesting the legislature to take measures for the call of a convention to revise and amend the constitution of this commonwealth, and to whom also was referred, a number of remonstrances against the call of a convention, having deliberated upon the important subject submitted to them, with all the care and attention which its delicacy and its magnitude imperiously demanded, now offer the following report:
When the great Author of nature gave existence to man, he endowed him with mental powers capable of progressive and indefinite advancement, and impressed upon his soul a desire of approximating to the goal of perfection in every art and science, and no man nor generation of men is authorised to say to their successors, that we have arrived at the acme of perfection in any human institution, beyond which it is impossible for you to pass, and above which it is dangerous and presumptuous for you to aspire; had an assumption of this nature been admitted, every improvement in arts and sciences, as well in government as in natural and moral philosophy would long since have ceased; and the active genius of the soul been chilled, and bound in adamantine chains. It is with felt satisfaction on your committee recollected, that the citizens of America were among the first to resist such an assumption of power, to have burnt the chains with which they were trammelled, and to exhibit to the world, that improvement even in the science of government was practicable. Every art and every science had been studied, improved, and brought to a degree of perfectibility by the progressive labors of succeeding generations, whilst that of government, of all others the most interesting to man, remained for ages nearly stationary until the era of the American revolution. The same forms and systems which existed in the remote and dark ages of ignorance and superstition were continued, and their antiquity substituted in the place of right; and he who dared to investigate their principles, stretched forth his hand to draw aside the veil, or exerted his mental powers to dissipate the mists by which their origin was enveloped, was denounced as a traitor, or immolated as a disturber of the peace and harmony of society; but the citizens of America have not only dared to examine - and to reflect, but to act upon the subject; and taught the world, that ancient forms can be improved and ameliorated, and a system of free government realized.
To the establishment of this noble example, the good citizens of this commonwealth have contributed in no small degree; they have shown that forms of government can be altered and amended without those dreadful and terrific consequences which have been predicted by those who held power, and were hostile to the equal rights of man.
In the year 1776, although engaged in a bloody contest with an invading foe, they established a frame of free government. In the year 1790 that frame of government was superseded by the present constitution of this commonwealth. In the latter instrument, as well as in the former, the principle of progressive improvement is recognized - "That all power is inherent in the people; and all free governments are constituted for their peace and happiness; for the advancement of these ends, they have at all times an unalienable and indefeasible right, to alter, reform, or abolish their government in such manner as they may think proper." Thus the right of the people to alter and amend the constitution, a right founded in reason and in natural
justice, is guaranteed by the constitution itself. Under this sanction, a number of the citizens of this commonwealth have addressed the legislature by their petitions on this deeply interesting subject; and having been thus addressed, it appears to your committee, that it is incumbent on the general assembly to express some sentiment on the subject.
Before the committee proceed to give an opinion they offer a few preliminary remarks.
It is the prerogative of the sovereign people alone, to alter, amend, or to abolish their government; that the power is not vested in, nor do they conceive it is claimed by the legislature, to assume the right of dictating to the people on this important subject; that the committee, as members of the legislature, have come under the most solemn obligation to support the constitution under which the government is now organized, nor do they feel disposed to infract in the smallest degree any of its provisions, while it remains unaltered by the people themselves. Yet we conceive that the legislature have an unquestionable right without violating any obligation, to express an opinion as to the imperfections of that instrument; and especially as their attention has been called to the subject, by the numerous petitions and remonstrances presented to the legislature.
This opinion perhaps might receive some corroboration by advertting to the judiciary; a coordinate branch of the government, the officers of which are under like obligations with the members of the assembly, to support the constitution of this and of the United States; In Dallas's reports, Vol. III. p. 474. RESPONDER CORBETT, chief justice McKean thus expresses himself - "There is no provision in the constitution, that in such case the judgments of the supreme court of the United States shall control and be conclusive; neither can congress by a law confer that power. There appears to be a defect in this matter, it is a defect 'omitted,' which ought in some way to be remedied." In numerous other instances, courts have expressed opinions upon the imperfections of the constitution.
With these preliminary observations, the committee proceed to observe, that after the most dispassionate examination they have been able to give the memorials for and the remonstrances against the call of a convention, they are of opinion, that although there are many excellent provisions in the constitution which ought to remain sacred, yet some parts of it are defective, and ought to be revised and amended. And that this important object might be obtained by the good people of this commonwealth without risking their liberties, or hazarding their peace or tranquility. They have their own experience, the example of many of their sister states, the example of the United States, the constitution of which has incorporated in it provision for alteration and amendment, and which has been put in practice repeatedly without danger or disadvantage to the citizens of the United States.
On the subject of changing or altering constitutions, and the danger which by some is predicted, the committee cannot better express their ideas, than by adopting the language of judge Wilson - "a change of government," said he, "has been viewed as a desperate event, as an object of the most terrific aspect; because it has been thought that government could not be changed without tearing up the very foundations of the social establishment. It has been supposed that in a transition from one government to another, the body making it must be dissolved; that every thing must be reduced to a state of nature; and that the rights and obligations of the society must be lost and discharged."
"In many parts of the world, indeed, the idea of revolutions in government is by mournful and indissoluble association connected with the ideas of wars, and of all the calamities incumbent on wars. But joyful experience teaches us in the United States to view them in a very different and much more agreeable light, to consider them only as progressive steps in improving the knowledge of government, and increasing the happiness of society and mankind."
Your committee presume that the citizens of this commonwealth are not less wise, prudent, virtuous or patriotic, than those who called for & composed the convention that framed the present constitution fifteen years ago; that the people at this time may be as safely trusted with themselves as at any previous period, which the opposers of reform can possibly point out.
But while the committee express these sentiments, they conceive that sufficient time and opportunity cannot be had within the present session of the legislature, for the majority of the people fully to express their opinion, on this very interesting subject; and that the number of petitions already presented are not sufficient to authorize the legislature to take measures for the call of a convention at this time - Therefore offer the following resolutions:
Resolved, That although the house of representatives are impressed with the opinion that the present constitution is defective, yet the number of petitioners are not sufficient to justify, at this time, any measures being taken by the legislature, for calling a convention; but they refer the subject to the good people of Pennsylvania themselves, to whom of right it belongs, to adopt such measures as their wisdom may direct, to give a fair and full expression of their opinion to the succeeding legislature.
Resolved, That as soon as the people shall fully intrust and instruct their representatives in general assembly to call a convention, provision shall be made to accomplish such instructions & directions.
Extract of a letter to the editor of the Aurora, dated Lancaster, April 3, 1805.
"A meeting of the members of both houses of assembly was held in the senate chamber this evening, and after a full and due consideration, they resolved to recommend to their constituents, a candidate for the office of governor, for the next three years. It was agreed that on this occasion the selection should be from among the German interest, that the candidate should not be a lawyer, and that a cloth-hopper should be preferred. And it was determined that the choice of the meeting should be Simon Snyder, of Northumberland, the present speaker of the house of representatives - a farmer, a republican in practice without the ostentation of profession, a man of a sound head, and an upright heart; a man who has been a legislator near 20 years, without giving a vote that he need blush at, or doing an act as a citizen or as a representative, inconsistent with the character of a man of integrity; who was a member of the convention which formed the present constitution; and who has presided in the house of representatives as speaker with correctness, ability, and to the satisfaction of every man who has had a seat in that assembly, or who has had business to transact in the house."
"On the votes being taken, the present governor had exactly seven! I need not give you any argument or further evidence to mark the sentiments and feelings of the republicans. You may publish this information if you think proper."
PHILADELPHIA, April 5.
"The bill directing the Sheriff and Commissioners on each county to select jurors, has passed the Legislative, and received the approbation of the Governor."
ENQUIRER.
RICHMOND, APRIL 11, 1805.
VIEW OF THE AFFAIRS OF PENNSYLVANIA. No. II.
The reader will perceive, that the legislature of Pennsylvania, have finally determined to refer the calling of a Convention, to the discretion of the people; and that they have founded their decision upon the principle which I have already supported, that they have no right to exercise a power, which the people have never relinquished. They have therefore contented themselves with expressing their independent opinions, and referring the ultimate decision to the will of their constituents. They have declared their belief, that the constitution requires some amendments, but they assert that they have not the official right to summon a Convention; nor can they determine from the number of the petitioners, whether such a measure would be agreeable to the sentiments of the people.
Is the constitution of Pennsylvania so defective as to justify the calling of a Convention to amend it? becomes therefore a question, eminently entitled to the consideration of the people.
On this question, which we proposed to investigate after we had dismissed the question of legislative power, we have time only to offer a few desultory remarks.
We have already observed, that in those constitutions, which have provided for their own amendment, two different processes have been adopted for this purpose. Some have provided for the calling of a convention; others devolved the power of amending upon the ordinary legislature. There is a perceptible and very essential difference in the tendency of these two regulations. Conventions have a much more unlimited power over the constitution than an ordinary legislature. When the people elect the members of the convention, they seldom circumscribe their agency by giving them specific instructions.
It is true that particular grievances must have been felt; particular defects in the constitution must have been designated; for otherwise the convention would never have been assembled. But it is not always true, that every individual elector, when he gives his suffrage to a member for the convention, will or can express the precise conditions on which he delegates the trust; nor after he has been elected, that the majority of the electors will always give him definite instructions; nor if he receives them, will it be at all true that he implicitly acquiesces in these instructions. It may thus frequently happen, that a majority of the convention will be composed of men, restrained by no instructions, and tied down to no innovation; amending what is wrong, and supplying what they conceive to be defective; annulling, altering or modifying every part of the constitution, as their patriotism, their ambition or their selfish interests may dictate. Very different is the operation of the other mode of amendment. An ordinary legislature is not entrusted with an unlimited power over the constitution; but their conventional character is confined to a few topics previously selected and well understood. The reason of this is to be found in the preliminary steps that are taken for their appointment. It is the office of the first legislature to pass a bill, comprising all the contemplated amendments, & to publish it a certain time before the election of the next legislature, for the information of the people. When the election is held, the electors will not fail to recollect the new functions, with which they are about to clothe their representative; and they will scarcely fail to select that candidate, whose political opinions are most congenial with their own. What then is the consequence? When the legislature assembles, they find their conventional functions already defined. Their investigation is limited to particular topics; they cannot overstep the specified objects of the bill; and even on those points, they have already collected the sentiments or received the instructions of the people.
To place then in one point of view the different effects which may result from these different organizations, we may say, that conventions are more friendly to extensive innovation than an ordinary legislature: Conventions tend more to disorder, agitation and warm debate: Conventions are not so well qualified to express the will of the majority of the people, as the ordinary legislature.
This difference could no longer exist; the mild, limited and popular influence, of an ordinary legislature, might equally characterize an extraordinary convention; if the people would give definite instructions; if they would circumscribe their powers to particular objects; if they would designate the particular articles of the constitution, which required an amendment. Is it not then worthy of the care of the people of Pennsylvania to pursue this provident policy? Party spirit is excited to an unreasonable height in that respectable state: a zeal for innovation has gone forth, which kindling in its progress, and exasperated by opposition, may prostrate too many of the provisions of their present constitution. Is it not then worthy of their regard, to limit the powers of the convention, and direct their enquiries to a few specified objects?
The principal amendments which have been already recommended are:
First. To limit the duration of the executive department, and the extension of executive patronage, in making lucrative appointments.
Second. To reduce the election of senators from a quadrennial to an annual period.
Third. To introduce such a reform into the judiciary branch, as may render it less complex, prolix and expensive, and enable the citizens to procure justice without full, denial or delay.
Time will not suffer me to expatiate upon each of those amendments. It is enough, if either of them is sufficiently important to require the interference of a convention. There is one, which to my judgment appears extremely desirable; and it is that, which relates to the organization of the executive department.
The governor of Pennsylvania is endowed with the most exorbitant powers. The number and value of the offices, which he has in his gift, have invested him with a patronage, at all times invidious to the citizens, and in times of luxury peculiarly dangerous. His control over the legislative department has prevented the passage of many faulty laws. The long duration of his office, weakens his responsibility, and his regard for the people. These views are however too general to make any useful impression upon the mind of a contemplative reader. Let us then take some flandards with which he is already familiar; some system with whose consequences he is already acquainted; and let us estimate by it the extent of the power and patronage in a governor of Pennsylvania. Let us take the head of the Executive department of this state, and we shall at once perceive how infinitely superior the power of a governor of Pennsylvania is, to that of a governor of Virginia.
PENNSYLVANIA. 1. He has a qualified veto upon every bill, order, resolution or vote, which passes the legislature. If he approve, he signs it; but if he shall not approve, he returns it with his objections, and it cannot go into effect, unless it meets with the approbation of two-thirds, not only of the House in which it shall have originated, but of the other House.
2. He has a qualified veto upon every bill, order, resolution or vote, which passes the legislature. If he approve, he signs it; but if he shall not approve, he returns it with his objections, and it cannot go into effect, unless it meets with the approbation of two-thirds, not only of the House in which it shall have originated, but of the other House.
3. He may remit fines & forfeitures, and grant reprieves & pardons, except in cases of impeachment.
4. He may adjourn the two Houses, (for 4 mo.) when they cannot agree with respect to the time of adjournment.
5. He has the discretionary power of removing the judges of the Supreme Court & the several courts of Common Pleas on the address of two-thirds of each branch of the legislature.
6. He has the power of appointing the judges of the Supreme Court; the Secretary of the Commonwealth; the Attorney General; the judges of the Court of Common Pleas in every county; the Prothonotaries; the Register of Wills; the Recorder of Deeds in every county; the justices of the peace in every county; the officers of the militia, with a host of subordinate officers.
7. He is elected by the people for three years, and is eligible nine in any term of twelve years.
What a contrast between them! Yet our constitution has now been in operation these twenty-one years with unexampled success. Our governor is a respected citizen, neither courted nor dreaded for his power. Our laws are generally salutary and conformable to the will of the people. The officers appointed by our legislature have talents generally commensurate to their duties; their political principles are generally pure and always innocuous. Tranquility reigns over our state; and contentment dwells with the constitution.
With these views, I would advocate an abridgement of the powers of the Pennsylvanian executive. Therefore; were I an elector of Pennsylvania, I would have opposed a legislative call for a convention; but now that it was referred to the will of the people, I would vote for a convention on the express proviso, that it should also obtain the approbation of the majority of the duly qualified electors.
PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE.
"What (says Sir Walter Raleigh, in his history of the World) can I not make myself master of an incident that happened an hour ago under my window, and shall I imagine I can truly understand the history of Hannibal and Cæsar?" The reflection is striking; and its illustrations innumerable. We can seldom arrive at perfect truth, even when all the sources of mistake appear to be entirely excluded by the form of the communication. Who for instance could have supposed that an official message of the President of the United States, printed and published to the world, and thus preserved from all the misconceptions of tradition, and conversation, should be so completely mutilated and garbled, as that its phrases should be completely changed; its sentiments should be even reversed? The following extract from a Paris paper however, will demonstrate the possibility of such an event. We have only to suppose, that the same ingenuity which was employed in misrepresenting the following passage, had extended its "chymic power" to every other part of the message; and the case is at once made out.
"The Speech of the President of the United States of America, on the opening of the Congress, has been received at Rotterdam. Amongst other passages, the following is not a little remarkable." (Let us bring the real and the counterfeit Speech into contrast.)
SPEECH. While noticing the irregularities committed on the ocean by others, those on our own part should not be omitted, nor left unprovided for - Complaints have been received, that persons, residing within the United States, have taken on themselves to arm merchant vessels, and to force a commerce into certain ports and countries - That individuals should undertake to wage private war, independently of the authority of their country, cannot be permitted in a well ordered society. Its tendency to produce aggression on the laws & rights of other nations, and to endanger the peace of our own, is so obvious, that I doubt not you will adopt measures for restraining it effectually in future.
The least comparison is sufficient to show, that these two passages are materially different.
VIRGINIA. He's under the controul of a Privy Council or Council of State, consisting of eight members, to be chosen by the legislature. In the decision of any question before the board, he in fact exercises no influence at all, according to the received construction of the constitution, he is not entitled to a vote. He has no vote upon any proceeding of the legislature whatever.
He cannot remit fines & forfeitures. With the advice of the Council of State, he has only the power of granting reprieves or pardons, except where the prosecution shall have been carried on the House of Delegates, or the law shall otherwise direct; and the law has extremely circumscribed their power in this respect. He has no such power. He has no such power. The Judges can be removed only by impeachment. With the advice of the privy council, he appoints only the subordinate officers; no military officer above the rank of a colonel; and no civil magistrate above the grade of a county court justice; and all these upon the recommendation of the respective county courts.
The editors of the Aurora and of the N. York Evening Post have honoured this paper with some critical remarks. We shall return their compliments in our next paper.
Delegates chosen to serve in the next General Assembly.
City of Richmond - Lewis Harvie.
Chesterfield - Matthew Cheatham and Beverly C. Stranad.
Albemarle - Wm. W. Hening and Joel Yancey.
Spottsylvania - Hugh Mercer and John Minor.
Prince of Anne - Edward H. Mosely and Lemuel Cornick.
Isle of Wight - Doctor Purdie and Richard W. Bird.
Gloucester - Morgan Tomkies and Thomas Baytop.
Suffolk - Miles Selden jun'r. and John Jarratt.
On Tuesday last, an Election was held at the Courthouse in this county, for a representative in the next Congress, for the district composed of the counties of Spottsylvania, Louisa, Orange, and Madison; at the close of the poll the votes stood as follows:
For Mr. Darden, 473 Mr. Barbour, 12
Majority in Spottsylvania for Darden 461
A poll was at the same time taken for two representatives in the state Legislature, the result is as follows:
For Col. Hugh Mercer, 426 Gen. John Minor, 287 Capt. Larkin Stanard, 216 (Virg. Herald.)
The voters for a person to represent the counties of Prince William, Loudoun and Fairfax, in the House of Representatives of the United States, were yesterday taken for Prince William; the result, we are informed, was -
For Col. W. Elzey, 180
For Joseph Lewis, jun. 75
Being 16 more than he had in that county the last election. Alex'ria. paper.
FASHIONABLE LINEN, DRAPERY, HOSIERY, &c. JAMES BREAM, FROM LONDON, RESPECTFULLY informs the inhabitants of Richmond, Manchester, and their vicinities, that he intends opening a STORE on the Main-street, (lately occupied by Mr. John Sanderson, and directly opposite the Vendue Store of Messrs. Thomas Kayler, & Co.) on Monday next, the 15th inst. with a new and elegant assortment of SPRING GOODS:
CONSISTING OF Printed Cottons and Cambricks, Copper Plate, and Clints Furnitures, printed on Cottons and Cambricks. Black and Coloured Chambray Muffs, superior quality. Black Twill'd Cypres, do. do. Cambrick Muffs Shawls and Handkerchiefs; 7-8 and 4-4 Irish Linens, Belt Fabrics; French Cambricks, Long Lawn, and Irish Diapers; 5-4, 6-4, 7-4, 8-4, 10-10, and 10-12 Table Cloths, all prices; Real Yorkshire Hencubacks for Towels and Table Cloths, 3-4 and 6-4 wide, and 30 yards long; Furniture Dimities, all prices; Corded do. for Ladies, Dressies, curiously fine; 4-4, 9-8, and 6-4 Cambrick Muffs, very fine; 6-4 Super Super Laced do. do. 4-4 and 6-4 Tambourd, Book, Mull, Cobwebb, and Jaconet Muffs; 6-4 Fancy Japan Muffs; 4-4 and 6-4 India, Mull, Jaconet and Terrindam Muffs; Book, Mull, and Jaconet Mullin Handkerchiefs; Lawn Border'd Pocket Hdkfs. Lace and Edgings; Cotton Counterpanes; Black and Coloured Silk Gloves and Hose; Plain and Ribb'd Cotton Hose.
With a great variety of other articles too numerous to insert.
N. B. The whole of these goods have been purchased by J. B. with immediate cash; and the major part of them, of the real manufacturer; and will be sold as cheap as in any city in the United States. The lowest price will be fixed on every article for ready money only, and no abatement made.
TO RENT.
THE House lately occupied by Mr. Francis Pollatt first door above Mr. Charles Spencer's. April 11. (e.p.f.)
WILLIAM A. BENTLEY has obtained licence to practice the Law. Richmond March 28.

Memoirs of George Morland, THE CELEBRATED ENGLISH PAINTER. George Morland was the son of an artist, whose talents, though respectable, were not of the first order in his profession: this gentleman made in the early part of his life, what is commonly called a great figure; but having lost much property, by engaging in schemes that were not prudently conducted, shrunk from the world in disgust during the latter part of his life, and educated his family in that obscurity to which the narrowness of his circumstances confined him.
Whether George shewed, in the earliest part of his life, that inclination for the art which frequently indicates genius, or whether the practice was forced upon him by his father, who might feel that it was the only art in which he could educate him, I know not; but I do know, that in the exhibitions of the original society of artists, to which the father belonged, there were shewn drawings by George Morland, at the age of four, five and six years, which would have done credit to youths who were learning the art as their profession; and from this time, his father forced him to study, unremittingly, the practice of every department of the art, till he entered the world upon his own account.
During the whole of this time, he was confined in an upper room, copying drawings, tracing from the plaited copies, or copying pictures. Restricted from society almost entirely, what opportunities he had for amusement, were obtained by stealth; his associates were a few boys in the neighbourhood, and the means of enjoyment were obtained by working to a hired when at his studies, as to produce a few drawings or pictures more than his father imagined he could allow in a given time; these he has been known to lower, by a firing from the window of his apartment to his associates, who were appointed to receive them; by them they were turned into money, which was spent by them in common, when opportunities offered.
In this manner passed the first fifteen years of the life of George Morland, and to this he is indebted for the immense power he had over the implements of his art; for it is notorious, that whether it was the pencil or the pallet, or the crayon that he was called upon to use, no one has had more command of his materials than this eminent artist.
Avarice was the ruling passion of the father, who sold the drawings, &c. made by his son, for small sums; and as his passion was insatiable, kept him continually at work, and gave him little, if any other education. He probably intended, by these means, to keep him in his power; but in this case, as in many others, the force of avarice defeated their own purpose.
George Morland's first original compositions were dictated by his father; they were small pictures, of two or three figures, taken from the common ballads of the day, such as "Young Reger came tapping at Dolly's window," &c. These the old gentleman put into frames, and sold at different prices, from one guinea to three, according to the pockets of his customers; these, though infinitely inferior to Morland's subsequent works, were admired as the productions of a youth, and a great number were done; many got into the hands of engravers, and the prints that were made from them, first brought Morland into notice.
Some gentlemen, to whom the father was known, would have patronized the son; from one he borrowed two capital pictures of Vernet, which G. Morland copied most admirably. Mr. Angerstein permitted him to copy Sir Joshua Reynolds's celebrated picture of Garrick between tragedy and comedy; this copy is in existence, and is highly creditable to Morland's talents. It was on this occasion that the unfortunate peculiarity of his disposition shewed itself. The picture was at Blackheath; and the two Morlands went there to copy it; Mr. Angerstein wished to notice the youth, and see the progress of the work; but the father told the writer of this article, that his son refused to begin his picture, till it was solemnly promised him that no person whatever should overlook the work, and that he should do whatever he pleased. The promise was made: he painted the picture; associated with the servants while he was in the house, and no entreaties could make him come within the reach of Mr. Angerstein.
Another gentleman, who was going to spend the summer at Margate, advised the father to send his son thither to paint small portraits. The plan was a good one; it was adopted; and George Morland, with his picture of Garrick, and some others, took lodgings for the season. Company flocked round him; his portraits pleased, and a very great number of them were begun; but his unfortunate mauvaise honte rendered the undertaking unprofitable. The society of elegant women, or rational men, made him feel his own ignorance and insignificance; hence every sitter was an object of disgust. The pig racy, and such elegant amusements as are projected for the lower order of visitors to Margate, obtained all his attention; and the portraits which a careful man would have finished on the spot, and got paid for before the parties quitted the place, were left to be completed in town. Instead of returning home with his pockets full of money, he only brought a large cargo of unfinished canvases; and as the engagements of the watering place are forgotten in the capital, very few of them were afterwards finished.
But though in this expedition he got but little money, he gained several points that were of much, and might have gained others that would have been of more, consequence to him: he was talked of as an artist of considerable talents; he was emancipated from paternal authority, and now, instead of handing a sketch fly out of the window, to get a few shillings, he did whatever he pleased, and fixed what price he thought proper upon his own work: he made many acquaintances too, who, unfortunately, contributed to fix his character for life.
Artists are prone to complain that they are neglected, and their works not so much encouraged as the works of musicians and the professors of other arts; much of this may be true, but more of it is to be attributed to the conduct of artists themselves. The gentleman who patronizes any liberal art, has something more in view than the mere acquisition of the works of that art which he admires: he likes the art itself; perhaps he understands it, or at least he thinks he does; he wishes to converse with the artist upon his own art, invites him to his house, and forms an intimacy with him, as far as the difference of situations allows: what now is the consequence?
The musician practises his art in the presence of those by whom he is employed; when not actually employed, he associates with his patron, and by these means acquires an inclination for the habits of genteel life; and, if he be a man of the world, transforms his patron into a friend, the consequence of which are beneficial to himself; but few artists have the education of gentlemen, or a taste for the enjoyments of genteel life; their enjoyments are different from those of the gentleman; they are in a different class; many a gentleman has taken a painter into his house, and endeavoured to employ and receive him among his connections; he paints in a room by himself, & is summoned to dine with the family; he finds the society irksome, because the conversation turns upon topics which are not familiar to him; the next day he evades the summons to dinner, by pretending the necessity of finishing some part of his picture, and after a few visits, his visits become less frequent, and at last he is no longer summoned to the family's room, or station during the family's visits to his house; an excuse into the neighbourhood village, and his company which the ale-house affords; more often, finding this to be the case, thinks no more about him; till his work is done, when he pays him, and dismisses him. Can such men complain that they are neglected, or that their art, which certainly ranks high among the liberal arts, does not procure them more respect than is paid to common workmen, with whom their own conduct has a strong tendency to confound them?
The younger part of such men now became the companions of George Morland; with them he was equal in intellect, and superior to them in talent; he was superior to them too, in a circumstance that will always obtain from such beings, what ignorant men covet, the admiration of their associates. A ride into the country to a farmhouse, or a grinning match, a jolly dinner, and drinking about after it, a mad scamper home, with a bounce into the mud, and two or three other et ceteras , formed the sum of their enjoyments; of these Morland has as much as desired, and as he was the richest of the set, by the community of property established among such jolly dogs, he commonly paid for these more than his share.
About this time he married, and became acquainted with Mr. J. R. Smith, the engraver, who then dealt largely in prints: for this gentleman he painted many pictures of subjects from the familiar scenes of life. The subjects were known to, and the sentiments they conveyed were felt by all and the prints Mr. Smith made from them had a sale, rapid beyond example, and spread the fame of Morland all over the continent as well as the kingdom. These subjects were, in all probability, suggested by the taste of Mr. Smith, as they displayed more sentiment than Morland ever seemed to possess on any other occasion; his own talent, as it now burst forth in full splendor, was landscape, such as it exists in feuerlander situations, and with appropriate animals and figures. He was extremely fond of visiting the Isle of Wight in the summer season, and there is scarcely an object to be met with along the shore, at the back of the island, that his pencil has not delineated. His best pictures are replete with scenes drawn from this spot. A fine rocky shore, with fishermen mending their nets, careening their boats, or mending off their fish to the neighbouring market-towns, were scenes he most delighted in, when he attempted sea-shore pieces; and the Isle of Wight afforded abundant opportunities to gratify his taste and fancy. He was once recognised in this his constant summer excursion, at a place called Fresh-water gate, in a low public house, known by the name of the Cabin. A number of fishermen, a few sailors, and three or four rustics, formed the homely group: he was in the midst of them, contributing his joke, and partaking of their merriment, when his friend called him aside, & intreated an hour of his conversation. Morland, with some reluctance, withdrew from the Cabin, and on his friend's remonstrating with him the next day for keeping such company, he drew from his pocket a sketch-book, and asked him where he was to find so true a picture of humble life, unless it was in such a place as that from whence his friend had drawn him. The sketch was a correct delineation of every thing in the Cabin tap-room, even to a countenance, a stool, a fetter, or the position of a figure. This representation his remembrance had supplied after leaving the house, and one of his best pictures is that very scene he then sketched; a proof that his mind was still intent on his favourite pursuit—that of nature in her boldest attire—though his manners at the moment betrayed nothing farther than an eagerness to partake in the vulgar sensuality of his surrounding companions. The manner in which he painted rural subjects obtained so much notice, that his fortune might now have been made; purchasers appeared who would have taken any number of pictures he would have painted, and paid any price for them which he could have demanded; but here the low bred dealers in pictures stepped in, and completed that ruin which low-bred artists had begun.
Whatever their apologists may say in extenuation of the fact, it is certain that picture-dealers are the bane of every artist who comes into contact with them. The dealers in old pictures may buy and sell without injuring any but those who are duped by the common artifices of their trade; but the moment they find it to be their interest to deal in the works of a living artist, that artist is doomed to penury, if not to destruction, unless he has the singular good fortune to escape from their clutches.
Their usual plan is to find some young man of talents who is poor and unemployed; him they set to work at a price so low that all his exertions can barely procure him the means of living, while they sell the works which they have thus obtained from him for high prices; but this plan would not succeed with Morland; he always knew the value of his own works, & always was well paid for them; except when he was in distress, which he was often artificially plunged into by those who took that opportunity to obtain his pictures at a comparatively cheap rate.
His unfortunate peculiarities assisted them much in this plan; the aversion he naturally or at least originally had for the society of gentlemen, made him averse to speak to a gentleman who only wished to purchase his pictures; this peculiarity his friends the dealers, took care to encourage to such a degree, that men of rank, of fortune, were often denied admittance to see him, when he was surrounded by a gang of harpies, who pushed the artist and the joke about, nominally at the artist who was refused admittance, but in reality, at the fool who, was the dupe of their artifices; they, in the character of friends, purchased all his pictures from him, which they afterwards sold at very advanced prices.
This was carried to such an extent, that gentlemen who wished to obtain Morland's pictures ceased to apply to him for them; but addressed themselves to each of his friends as had them to sell; by these means all connection between him and the real admirers of his works, was cut off, and a competition between their friends began to try which should get possession of him, and exclude all the others from a share of the prey.
For this reason all were anxious to join in his country excursions, his drinking-parties, and haunt his painting-room in the morning, glass in hand, to obtain his friendship: thus his original failing was increased, his health, his talents injured; and by the united efforts of the crew, his gross debauchery produced idiocy, and a
embarrassment of his circumstances, was sure to become a prey to some of these one-sheets . It frequently happened, when a picture had been bespoke by one of his friends who advanced some of the money to induce him to work, if the purchaser did not stand by to see it finished, & carry it away with him, some other person, who was lurking within sight for that purpose, & knew the state of Morland's pocket, by the temptation of a few guineas laid upon the table, carried off the picture, and left the intended purchaser to lament his loss, and seek his remedy by getting Morland to paint him another picture; i. e. when he was in the humour to work for money which he had already spent; and in making this satisfaction, he certainly was not very alert; thus all were served in their turn, and though each exulted in the success of the trick, when he was so lucky as to get a picture in this way, they all joined in exclaiming against Morland's want of honesty, in not keeping his promises to them.
The consequences of this conduct were frequently distress, the spunging-house, and the jail; except when he had the good-fortune to escape into a retirement unknown to all but some truely dealer, who for the time took all his works, and paid him a stipulated sum for his support. On one occasion to avoid his creditors, he retired from public light, and lived very obscurely near Hackney; some of the neighbours, from his extreme privacy and other circumstances, entertained a notion that he was either a coiner or a fabricator of forged bank notes; which suspicion being communicated at the Bank, the Directors sent some police officers to search the house, and if guilt should appear to take the offender into custody. Upon their arrival, they were soon observed by Morland, who understanding them to be a bailiff & his followers, came in quest of himself, immediately retreated into the garden, went out at a back-door, and ran over the brick-fields towards Hoxton, and then to London. Mrs. Morland, trembling with surprise, opened the front door, when the police officers entered, and began to search the house; but upon explanation taking place, and upon her assuring them, with an unassisted simplicity (so very evidently the natural result of truth) that they were mistaken, and likewise informing them of the cause of his flight, and on their discovering little more in the house than some very excellent unfinished pictures, which even in these men excited sentiments of admiration and respect, they said they were convinced of the mistake and retired. Upon communicating the result of their search to the Directors of the Bank, that they had made no discovery of bank-notes, but that it was Morland the painter's retreat from his creditors they had chanced to discover, and an account of his flight to avoid them as bailiffs, the Directors of the Bank commiserated the pecuniary embarrassment of this unfortunate genius, and also on account of the trouble they had unintentionally given him, generously sent him, as a voluntary present, two bank-notes of twenty pounds each.
He was found at another time in a lodging in Somer's town, in the following most extraordinary circumstances: his infant child, that had been dead nearly three weeks, lay in its coffin, in the one corner of the room; an ass and foal stood munching barley-straw out of the cradle; a sow and pigs were solacing themselves in the recesses of an old cupboard; and himself whistling over a beautiful picture that he was finishing at his ease, with a bottle of gin hung up on one side, and a live mouse fitting (or if you please, kicking) for its portrait (or if you please, kicking) for its portrait on the other.
Morland's garret served him for all the purposes of life, and of this he has left a most admirable picture, as a companion to Sir Joshua Reynolds's kitchen, in Leicester-square, the house that once belonged to his father. A great number of his pictures were lost a few years ago, in a ship that foundered on its passage to Russia.
When in confinement, and even sometimes when he was at liberty, it was common for him to have four guineas per day and his drink ; an object of no small consequence, as he began to drink before he began to paint, and continued to do both alternately, till he had painted as much as he pleased, or till the liquor completely got the better, when he claimed his money, and business was at an end for the day. This laid his employer under the necessity of passing his whole time with him, to keep him in a state fit for work; and to carry off the day's work when it was done; if he did not, some evening-dropper got the picture, and he was to get what redress he could.
By this conduct, steadily pursued for many years, he ruined his constitution, diminished his powers, and sunk himself into general contempt. He had no society, nor did he wish for any other but the lowest of those beings whose only enjoyment is gin and ribaldry, and from which he was taken a short time since, by a marshal (seizure), for a small sum of money: when taken to a place of confinement, he drank a large quantity of spirits, and was soon afterwards taken ill. The man in whose custody he was, being alarmed at his situation, applied to several of his friends for relief; but that relief, if it was afforded, came too late. The powers of life were exhausted, and he died before he had attained the age of forty years. His wife, whose life had been like his own, died a day or two after him.
Thus perished George Morland; whose best works will command esteem so long as any taste for his art remains—whose ordinary productions will please, so long as any liking for a just representation of what is natural can be found—and whose talents would have ensured him a life of happiness, in the most brilliant station he could desire, if his entrance into life had been guided by those who were able and willing to caution him against those flares that are continually preparing, by knaves and fools, for unexperienced youth.
His command over every implement of his art was so great, that the use of them seemed to be nearly as natural to him, as the use of their native language to other men: hence he had no claim to the merit of that patient industry by which other artists produce works of merit indeed, but very inferior to his. With him to see, to determine—was to do; and then pictures flowed from his pencil, as words from other men. All the talent that he possessed, besides the abovementioned, may certainly be described by the word observation . Knowledge, or rather learning, he had none; he was destitute of imagination; for there is no picture painted by him, after his talents had arrived at maturity, that can be called a work of imagination. Every thing in his works was either what he saw at the time he painted, or what he had seen and settled in his mind, before he sat down to paint; and the peculiar talent he possessed, was the power of discriminating those circumstances, upon which depended the essential character of the object he imitated, delineating it truly with the least possible trouble, and combining a number of these objects into one interesting whole.
As all his pictures are founded on a correct observation of nature; they owe their value to that circumstance, and are curious, as shewing the progress of his powers from his youth to the last stage of his life. His pictures from ballads, &c. are trifling, considered as works of art; but curious, as the productions of a youth designing from the ideas of others. In his picture of Garrick, he seized the true character of every object he copied, and produced a picture of considerable merit, all circumstances considered, though not an exact copy of the original. What few portraits he painted, had the merit of strong resemblance; and there is no doubt that, if he had followed that branch of the art, he would have attained to great eminence in it. His pictures of familiar subjects had considerable merit in point of composition; and as he painted all his figures from nature, their merit was great in that respect: but, as these figures were taken from one or two women and children who were much about him, they have too much similarity in that respect.
But he shines forth in all his glory in picturesque landscape. In his best pictures of this kind, every interesting circumstance is combined and represented with an accuracy and spirit that left nothing to desire or reprehend: upon these pictures his reputation will stand firm and secure. For about seven years that he painted such subjects, he was in his prime; and though the figures he introduced were of the lower order, they were consistent with the scenes, and had nothing to give disgust; but when his increasing irregularities led him from the wood side to the ale-house, his subjects assumed a meaner cast, as they partook of the meanness of his society: for he still painted what he saw. Stage-coachmen, potillions, and drovers, drinking, were honoured by his pencil; his sheep were changed for pigs; and, at all, with the true feeling of a disciple of Ceres, he took the picturesque cottage and the wood side, and never seemed happy but in a pig sty. I have said, that his excellence consisted in marking the true character of what he saw, which is something different from representing objects with pure correctness and truth; hence his pictures afforded the finest specimens of the picturesque, but nothing that is elegant or beautiful in point of form. Of animals, the ass, the sheep, and the hog, were his favourites; their character may be truly represented by a few strokes; but to do this, it is not necessary to give an accurate delineation of their forms. The horse he has given too, with much effect, when old, ragged, and miserable; but a beautiful horse he never could draw as it would be drawn by Gilpin, Stubbs, or any artist of that school. The women, in his early pictures, have much prettiness, because they were painted from women who were pretty; but there is nothing in his works that induces us to believe that he felt what an elegant woman was, much less, that he had the least knowledge of beauty combined with elegance and dignity of character. Having said what he was, it is but justice to add, that if his mind had been cultivated, and his attention directed to any other department of the art, it is probable that, with the powers he possessed, he would have attained to a high degree of excellence as he actually did in that which he followed.
I have said this much of Morland, not with a view to depreciate his talents, or to perpetuate the memory of his faults; but because, though all have been loud in his praise, few have justly appreciated his talents; and though all have censured his irregularities, no one has truly shown whence they proceeded: and I hope this sketch will have not been made in vain, if it furnishes an additional proof, that no superiority of talent, and no degree of encouragement, can preserve a man of genius from misery, unless he has caution to guard himself from the snares which will be laid for his inexperience, and prudence to regulate his conduct in all the affairs of life. The Memoirs of this distinguished artist afforded another striking instance of the impossibility of serving genius when debased by vice, or perverted by eccentricity. He would accept of no patronage, unless afforded in a mode agreeable to himself; and if assisted by the hand of disinterested benevolence, against his own will, the service bestowed was always rendered subservient to the vice which destroyed both his body and mind.
[London Monthly Magazine, for Dec.]
From the National Intelligencer. Extracts of Letters from William Dunbar, Esquire to Gen. Wilkinson. "Natchez, Feb. 15, 1805. "On my return home I had the pleasure of receiving several of your letters; I have not time at this moment to sit down to make you a reply to all the obliging things you have said; the present is only intended to tell you that I am returned from an excursion up the Washita as high as the hot springs; this will serve as apology for my silence:—This little voyage was undertaken under the auspices of the President, in consequence of a suspension of the more considerable expeditions which were intended up the Arkansas and Red Rivers. The Washita river is nearly parallel to the Mississippi, and about 25 miles from it as high as the mouth of the Washita, in 32° 30' latitude, and nearly under the same meridian with Natchez; higher up our little river winds round and becomes parallel to the Arkansas river; so that the hot springs are in 24° 31' lat. and about 6 h. 13 1/2 W. of Greenwich; the latter will be correctly stated when all the calculations are completed: the hot springs are numerous, and are from the temperature of 130 to 150° of Fahrenheit's thermometer. We are not acquainted with any other springs in America to be compared with those in respect to temperature; by analysis the water contains lime & a small portion of iron with a little free carbonic acid: it is a very agreeable tasted water either hot or cold. In the temperature of 130 I found both vegetable and animal life; the former is a species of moss resembling in some measure that which is described by Naturalists under the name of Byssus; the animal is a rufaceous Bivalvia. I examined it with the microscope when alive, it thrusts four legs out of its shell, of which the two before are pointed, probably to make incisions into the vessels of the moss to obtain its food; the hind legs are not pointed, but rather broad at the extremities to enable the animal to propel itself forward either through the water or on the plant; the largest of them do not exceed the 50th part of an inch, others are scarcely visible to the naked eye. I am now hurrying myself to get my journals transcribed for the President; they are not of much importance, but contain a couple of hundred pages exclusive of the geometrical part; we have taken courses and distances all the way from the mouth of Red River to the hot springs, upwards of 500 miles, and by the old French computation 240 leagues."
"Natchez, Feb. 23.—In my last I was a little premature in my account of the longitude of the hot springs upon a first hasty calculation, which we will now correct: a mistake had been made in correcting the error of the watch. I now find that from a mean of the results derived from nine distances of the moon from Arcturi, the longitude of the hot springs appears to be only 6h. 10m. 5s. W. of Greenwich."
NEW-ORLEANS, Feb. 16. From the Telegraph.
Mr. BELURGY, Sir, I request you will insert in your paper an experiment I have lately made, which, if followed up by professional and men of talents, may become of infinite use to society. From hearsay, which I did not credit, I having wounded a Turkey Buzzard, stuck a pin in each of his eyes, and was much surprised on perceiving, the day after, that his sight was as good as ever: I repeated the experiment on a second one, in such a manner as to preclude the possibility of it recovering its sight—my astonishment on the next day was great, on perceiving his sight as good as on the preceding day. I observed that he kept his head under his wing all night; from thence concluded that the down in that part of his body contained the valuable matter which restored him his sight.
At that period I had a workman, named John Liver, who had been induced for a long time with fore eyes, accompanied with an inflammation, so great as scarcely to be able to distinguish objects, and threatened a short time, an extinction of sight: I procured down, taken from under the Turkey Buzzard's wings, and applied it to his eyes, and found that they had (after the application of the first night) without any pain to him, discharged a thimble full of blood; he has continued the same application and finds his light perfectly restored. I remain respectfully, Sir, your sincere humble servant. LAVERGNE.
Atakapas, January 8. The Herald of New-York exhibits an account of the city of London, which is interesting. It displays the progress of the vices in the great cities and the necessary precautions to be contemplated by humanity and adopted with affection. Education will be fitted to prevent many of the miseries of civil society. In a report of the Sunday Schools, in England and Wales, we find that from their beginning, they had supplied 2329 Schools, containing 266,884 scholars, 192,854 books for spelling, 44,517 testaments, 6701 bibles, besides the payment of 41,221 sterling, for the support of teachers. In the last half year 64 new schools had been reported.
By Authority. LAW OF THE UNITED STATES. AN ACT, Further to alter and establish certain post-roads, and for other purposes.
BE it enacted, by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the following post-roads be discontinued, namely: From Wilkesville, by Waldon's store, Speed's and Watson's, Sterling, Yancey's and Norman's store, to Person court-house in North-Carolina. From Wilkes to Ashe court house in North-Carolina. From New-Dublin by Tazewell, Russell and Lee court house, in Virginia. From Georgetown, by Concord and Laurel, to Salisbury in Maryland. From Riago's tavern, to Flemington, in New-Jersey. From Worcester to Lancaster, in Massachusetts. From Springfield to Northampton. From Boston to Bridgewater. From Vincennes to Kaskaskias. From Annapolis, by Kent Island and Queenstown, to Centreville.
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That the following post-roads be established: In Massachusetts. From Worcester, by Holden, Rutland, Hubbardston, Templeton, Winchendon and Fitzwilliam, to Keen in New-Hampshire. From Weymouth landing, by Abington, East Bridgewater and West Bridgewater, to Taunton. In New-Jersey. From Cooper's ferry, by Haddinsfield, Lancing, Blue Anchor, Great Egg Harbor, River Bridge and Somer's Point, to Aticcombe, in Gallaway township. In Pennsylvania. From Alexandria, by Centre Furnace and Bellefont, to Williamsport. From Bristol, by Attleboro, Newtown and Doylestown, to Quakertown. From New-Hope, through Doylestown, Montgomery's square, to Norristown; From Norristown, by Pawlingsford, Pughtown, Morgantown, Churchtown and New-Holland, to Lancaster. From Philadelphia through Germantown, White-Marsh, Montgomery square and Quakertown, to Bethlehem. From Bethlehem by Lehigh to Berwick. From Presque Isle to Buffalo creek. In Maryland. From Annapolis, by Rock Hall, to Chestertown. In Virginia. From Randolph court-house, to Frankfort. From Goochland, by Carrell's store, to Amelia court-house, from thence to Perkinsville. From Prince-Edward court-house, by Hunter's tavern, to Lynchburg. From Lynchburg, by Campbell and Pittsylvania court-houses, to Danville. From Smithfield, by Sleepy-Hole ferry, to Portsmouth. From Sleepy-Hole to Suffolk. In North-Carolina. From Williamsborough, by Bullock's and Brown's stores, Sterlingville and the Red house in Caswell county, to Caswell court-house. From Rutland, by Onlow court-house, to Swansborough. From Raleigh, by Paul's ferry on Neuse, cross roads at Watson's, Little River at Richardson's, Contentney at Woodward's, Tassnot at Dew's, to Tarborough. From Greenfield court-house, in the state of South-Carolina, to Asaville in the state of North-Carolina. In Georgia. From Darien, by Tatnall and Montgomery court-houses, to Fort Wilkinson. From Washington, in Kentucky, to Cincinnati, in Ohio. In Indiana. From Vincennes to Kahokia. In Upper Louisiana. From St. Louis to St. Charles. In Orleans Territory. From Natchez, in the Mississippi Territory, by Caddy's ferry, Cabola and Rapid settlement, to Natchitoches. From Washington city, by Athens in Georgia, to New-Orleans, and from Knoxville in Tennessee, to the Tombigbee settlements in the Mississippi territory, to as to intersect the post-road from Athens in Georgia to New-Orleans, at the most convenient point between Athens and the said settlements.
NATHL. MACON, Speaker of the House of Representatives. JOS. ANDERSON, President of the Senate, pro tempore. March 3, 1805. APPROVED, TH: JEFFERSON.
HATS AND SHOES. AN ASSORTMENT JUST RECEIVED, AND FOR SALE BY JUDSON & BURR, Second door above the Eagle.—ALSO, THREE Bales India Cottons, 1 Cafe 4-4 fine Irish Linens, 2 tons country refined Bar Iron. March 23.—e.p.g.
FRESH SUPPLY OF SPANISH HIDES. FOR SALE, A LARGE quantity of prime Spanish Hides, on moderate terms. Apply to the subscriber opposite the Post-Office, Richmond. MICAIAH DAVIS. 4th Mo: 4th.—45.
BROKER'S OFFICE. THE Subscriber has opened a Broker's Office, opposite the Union Tavern, and over the Counting-house of Thomas and Amos Ladd. All business confided to him, will be transacted with great fidelity. THOMAS NORVELL. He has for sale—A FEW SHARES IN THE MANCHESTER TURNPIKE. Also—Old State Certificates bearing five per cent interest. March 12, 1805.