Virginia Argus (Richmond, Va.), 1809-10-27 00:00:00

VIRGINIA ARGUS.
[XVIIIth YEAR.]
A FREE PRESS MAINTAINS THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE PEOPLE.
[No. 1700.]
RICHMOND:—PRINTED (ON TUESDAYS AND FRIDAYS,) BY SAUEL PLEASANTS, JUNIOR, PRINTER TO THE COMMONWEALTH.
[Four Dollars Per Annum—Paid in Advance.]
FRIDAY, OCTOBER 27, 1809.
[12 1-2 Cents Single.]
BOOK & JOB PRINTING OFFICE.
MANSON and MINGR Having purchased the materials of Mr. Seaton Grantland, late of this city, are prepared to execute, in a neat manner, at a short notice, and on very reasonable terms, any book, hand-bill, card or other description of printing, which their friends or the public may please to favor them with. They have in the press and intend publishing, early next week, a handsome and correct
ALMANAC,
Calculated by N. H. TURNER, and adapted to the latitude and meridian of Richmond, for the year 1810. They have on hand and intend keeping, a handsome and well executed assortment of BLANKS Richmond, October 2nd, 1809. W. B.
LOUISA COUNTY,
August Court, 1809.
William Ragland, Pleasant Hackett and Lucy his wife, late Lucy Ragland, Thomas Poindexter and Sarah his wife, late Sarah Ragland, Thomas B. Watkins and Ann his wife, late Ann Ragland, John Graves and Mary his wife, late Mary Ragland, James Michie and Henrietta his wife, late Henrietta Ragland, and Nicholas J. Poindexter and Rebecca his wife, late Rebecca Ragland.
AGAINST
Samuel Overton, jr. admr. with the will annexed of Samuel Ragland, dec'd. William Cooke, James Nelson, James Michie, Wm. G. Poindexter, ex'r. of Warner H. Broadus, dec'd. Overton Harris, Edward Ragland, Elizabeth Lawrence, admr. of William Lawrence, dec'd. Thomas Holladay, Thornton Gibson, Nicholas Meriwether and Barnett Moore and James Michie, admr. de bonis non of Samuel Ragland dec'd.
Defendants.
THE defendants Samuel Overton jr. admr. with the will annexed of Samuel Ragland, dec'd. Edward Ragland, Nicholas Meriwether and Barnett Moore, not having entered their appearance and given security according to the act of Assembly and the rules of this court and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that they are not inhabitants of this state; On the motion of the plaintiffs by their counsel, It is ordered, that the said defendants, Samuel Overton jr. admr. Edward Ragland and Barnett Moore, do appear here on the second Monday in November next and answer the plaintiffs' bill; and a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in some one of the newspapers printed in the City of Richmond for eight weeks successively, and published at the front door of the court house of this county on some court day.
A Copy,
JN: POINDEXTER, C. L. C.
JUST PUBLISHED,
And for sale at Samuel Pleasants, Jr.'s Printing Office, between the Bell Tavern and the Market-Brige, Richmond;
The Virginia Almanac.
FOR THE YEAR
1810,
Adapted to the Latitude and Meridian of Richmond;
By BENJAMIN BATES;
Containing, besides the usual astronomical calculations, &c.
 Remedy for the gout  Artificial magnet a cure for the tooth and ear ache  On Time—a poem  Elegant moral sentiment  Agricultural, Harrowing proved an easy & Lysander kind of hoeing, in the broadest husbandry  Method of destroying garlic, by a proper succession of crops of grain and grass  To destroy worms on apple trees  Worms may be destroyed by tobacco  Management of sheep  Preservation of cabbage plants, &c.  To dairy women  Virginia directions for gardening  An account of a newly invented spinning machine by a gentleman in S. Carolina, called "The Columbian Spinner"  Scale of depreciation of paper currency, estab. 5 dollars a gross—50 cents a dozen—6 cents single. 
A FEW COPIES OF Burk's History of Virginia IN THREE VOLUMES Are for sale at this office
Pamphlet,
CARDS,
HAND-BILLS,
LAWYERS,
CLERKS & SHERIFFS BLANKS, &c.
ARE NEATLY
AND EXPEDITIOUSLY PRINTED AT THE
ARGUS OFFICE.
DR. TISSOT'S CELEBRATED Gout & Rheumatic Drops.
A CERTAIN cure for Gout, Rheumatism, Lumbago, weakness of the joints, and all kinds of Sprains; for glets, be they of ever so long standing, and for the stone and gravel; it is perhaps the most active, penetrating, and effectual remedy in the world; in the cramp and all kinds of pains in the head, face and body, it is without an equal.
This medicine (which justly claims a pre-eminence over all others, as being decidedly adapted for the speedy removal of those complaints above mentioned) owes its discovery to the celebrated Tissot, a physician of most exalted eminence in his profession, and is chiefly the extract of an herb, peculiar to Europe, to whose powerful, healing, restorative and balsamic qualities, this great man, by the administering, owed much of his fame.
It is peculiarly excellent for most disorders attending warm climates, and keeps for any length of time. Bottles, at two dollars each, with copious directions.
CAUTION.
No Gout and Rheumatic Drops being known excepting those invented by Dr. Tissot:—The public are requested to notice that none are genuine unless the names of Dr. Tissot, and the proprietor Henry Ward, are cut in the glass of the bottle, and the outside cover of each bottle signed by the said proprietor himself.
ALSO,
Dr. TABB'S
Nature's Restorative Balsamic Cordial. The certificates attached to the bills which inclose each bottle of the above medicine, are from characters of respectability, on whose testimony the fullest confidence may be placed by those who labor under complaints of the Gout, Rheumatism, &c. also those of consumptive habits, general debility of the nerves and various other complaints incident to the human body.
Sold by H. WARD, sole proprietor, Philadelphia, and at the Book-Store of S. PLEASANTS, jr. Richmond.
Penitentiary Store.
THE subscriber, Agent for the Penitentiary, offers for sale the following articles, the manufacture of that institution, at very low prices at wholesale and retail.
CUT NAILS.
   Wholesale prices Retail prices.     8dy 13 1-2 cents. 14 1-2 cents per lb   4 13 14   6 12 13   8 11 12   10 10 1-2 11 1-2   12 10 1-2 11 1-2   20 10 1-2 11 1-2  
CUT BRADS.
   8dy 10 1-2 11 1-2   10 10 11   12 Do. Do.   20 Do. Do.  
SPRIGS.
   3dy 39 cts. per lb. 50 per m.   4 22 1-2 67   6 17 84  
WROUGHT NAILS
   6dy 14 15 per lb.   8 13 1-2 14 1-2   10 13 14   12 12 1-2 13 1-2   20 12 13   30 12 13  
Broad and narrow Axes, Hatchets, Hoes, Plough Shares and Coulters, Hinges, Wedges, Hammers, Fenders, Traces, Stretchers, and Ox Chairs;—Bridles, Collars, Halters, Braces, Surcingles, Back Bands, Belly Bands, Breeching, Five Buckets, &c. &c.
Boots and Shoes.
   Fair tops, back straps, $ 9   Ditto plain 8   Swarrows, 7   Half Boots, 5   Mens calf skin shoes lined & bound 10 6 12 1/2   Do. side leather, 7 6 8 9 3/4   Negro shoes (strong russet) 7 6 8 8 3/4   Womens leather shoes, thick soles, 7 6   Do. do. thin, do. 6 9   Do. do. slippers, 7 6   Do. Morocco do. 6 9   Do. do. ties, 7 6   Girls leather shoes, 4 6 6 8   Boys do. 4 6 7 6  
Any of the above articles made to order left at the Penitentiary Store, second door above the Eagle Tavern. D. J. BURR. Richmond March 22, 1809.
6th July, 1809.—The price of Wrought Nails is raised half a cent per pound, by order of the Executive.
D. J. B.
JUST RECEIVED FROM NEW YORK, AND FOR SALE AT THIS OFFICE,
CHURCH'S & LEE'S GENUINE
Patent Medicines.
INCLUDING
 Worm Lozenges,  Cough Drops,  Restorative Balsam,  Hamilton's Elixir,  Essence and Extract of Mustard,  Hahn's Antibilious Pills,  Itch Ointment,  Eye Water,  Eye Salve,  Ague and Fever Drops,  Vegetable Lotion,  Alternative Pills,  Hill's Balsam of Honey,  Turlington's Balsam,  Anderson's Pills,  Antispasmodic or Fit Drops, &c. &c. 
Foreign.
COBBETT'S LETTER TO THE KING On the Maritime War against France.
LETTER I.
SIR,
When every eye in the nation, at the end of 16 years of war, which has given rise to the income tax; which has alienated, under the name of Redemption of Land Tax, which has banished guineas from the land, and made bank notes a legal tender—which has seen the Habeas Corpus, or Personal Safety Act for many years suspended; which has drained the kingdom of its youth and its vigor, leaving the next generation to be the offspring of decrepitude, deformity and imbecility; which has thus entailed upon the nation ugliness and weakness, and disease; and which, while it has robbed the land of its usurers upon thousands of the best of its laborers, in order to convert them into defenders of Sicily, and other foreign countries, has introduced thousands and thousands of foreigners to defend the same land. At such a time, when every eye in the nation, is anxiously fixed upon the great, and, in all probability, the last attempt, about to be made against the enemy, it appears to me, that it may be useful publicly to state certain facts, relating to the mode of carrying on a war of such wearisome length and such desolating consequence; & that this statement may, from its manner, lose none of its intrinsic importance. I for the second time in my life, presume to address myself directly to your Majesty, taking care that, in this instance, no keeper of official papers shall, as in a recent one, have it in his power to garble, or to suppress any part of that which I write.
That your Majesty is not well informed as to the great and interesting matters upon which I am addressing you. I, without the smallest hesitation, conclude; first, because the measures of your servants, though your information must come, are in no wise calculated for the real state of things; and, secondly, because supposing those servants to possess both talents and zeal sufficient for all the purposes of their respective stations, their time has, from the moment they entered those offices, been almost wholly engrossed by endeavours to defend themselves, and to annoy and degrade their own political enemies and your majesty's late servants. As men may be blinded by too much light, so a people may be kept in error, may be deceived and ruined, by the means of the press, which, unperverted, is so well calculated to ensure the constant triumph of truth; and I have for my part, no doubt, that, with all our parade of publicity, with all our ostentation of unreserve, there is, in the whole world, no people who, in proportion to their magnitude, understand so little of their public affairs as is understood by the people of this kingdom. Were not this the case, Sir, it would be impossible that the enemy should be in his present flourishing state, with respect to his internal and other resources, while England possesses such means of cutting off those resources.
The general opinion in this country is, that France is in a miserable state—has the people are starving—and that as to commerce there is no more of it going on in the dominions of Napoleon than upon any of the islets in the Thames, about Windsor or Hampton Court. This too, I conclude to be the opinion of your majesty; because as I before observed, your information as to such matters, must be derived from your servants, and those servants prove, by their express declarations, as well as by their conduct, that such is their view of the situation of the empire of France, as to whether the subjects of Napoleon like or dislike his government or whether they be better or worse off now than they were under their former sovereigns; these are questions which we can discuss to no profit, because we possess no facts whereon to reason—but with regard to the commerce of France, and that sort of commerce which is the only valuable one, I possess from the best possible source, quite a sufficiency of facts to shew, that upon that subject at least, this has been the most deceived of nations, and your majesty the most deceived of sovereigns.
The sort of commerce to which I allude, is what we in England, call the coasting trade; but in the dominions of Napoleon, or countries under his sway, it is to be considered as something much more important than it is with us. There is no doubt that the trade between London and the coal Mines is of a million times more value to England than all her foreign commerce put together; but if we cast our eyes over the map of Europe, we shall see, that the coasting trade of Napoleon embraces climates; and that a maritime
communication between his several countries must be, not only of vast benefit to him, but in some cases, necessary to the existence of the people. Some of these countries must supply the others with corn. Without the oil and the wine, and the silks, and the cotton, these countries might exist; but the southern could not, in many cases, possibly exist without the necessities of life from the north; and of carrying on this commerce there are no means other than those of a maritime nature.
The extent of this commerce, in the dominions of Napoleon, is scarcely to be credited by those who are not acquainted with the facts. Along the coast of Naples, Tuscany, Genoa and Piedmont; from the southern provinces of France and Mar seilles, thro' Cette, and the grand canal of Louis XIV. to Bordeaux, and thence along the Atlantic coast of France, the whole of the coast of Holland and into the Elbe; in short from the Baltic to the southern point of Italy, all the countries are connected by a chain of commercial intercourse as complete, perhaps as ever existed in the world, and as advantageous as it is extensive. This commerce is by your majesty's servants, spoken of under the degrading appellation of "a mere coasting trade;" but this is precisely that trade which is really advantageous to a nation. If England were cut off from all communication with foreign nations, she would in point of strength and happiness, suffer no loss at all. But cut off the communication between London and the Coal Mines, the inhabitants of London must perish or disperse. There are several branches of our coasting trade, of a degree of importance, not, indeed, approaching nearly to this, but still of greater importance to us, than all our foreign commerce put together. If, for instance, only one year's interruption were to take place in the exchange of coals for timber between Cumberland, on the one part, and Hampshire and Sussex on the other part, the woods of these latter countries, must be burnt to keep the people from perishing, whereas by the exchange now going on, these woods are preserved, the people have fuel in plenty, and that fuel, after having given comfort in that capacity, becomes a valuable manure for the land. One year's interruption of this exchange, would do England more harm than would be done by the sinking of all foreign countries to the bottom of the sea. This is however, only one instance out of hundreds, which might be enumerated; and, without any thing more being said, it must I think, be as clear as the sun at noon-day, that if the enemy were able to put a stop to our coasting trade, it might at once be asserted, that he had it in his power to reduce us to his own terms, be they what they might.
It is not then worth the while of your majesty's servants—it is not worth the while of those who are entrusted with the conducting of the war, to enquire what is the extent of the coasting trade of the French empire, and to inform themselves as to the means of destroying it, or, at least, interrupting that trade? To attack, or to oppose Napoleon in Spain, Naples, Sicily, Sweden, Denmark, Hanover or in the East or West Indies, is what it would be for an enemy to attack us in Nova Scotia, Canada or in any of our colonies where, though a defeat might produce mortification, it would not seriously affect us either in our comforts or in the sources of our national strength. We should regret the loss of Canada, perhaps, or of a West India Island; but the loss, like that of a child out of a numerous family, would not be felt in proportion to their magnitude, understand so little of their public affairs as is understood by the people of this kingdom. Were not this the case, Sir, it would be impossible that the enemy should be in his present flourishing state, with respect to his internal and other resources, while England possesses such means of cutting off those resources.
This, it will, perhaps, be said, is not the case with the countries under the dominion of Napoleon. But will it then, be asserted that those countries, though extending almost across the whole of the European continent, and including such a variety of climates, are, nevertheless, so circumstanced as to be able to exist, and contentedly too, without any commerce with each other; that is to say, without any exchange of natural productions, or of manufactures? The truth is that the commerce between the several parts of this vast empire is so great that convoys of eighty, a hundred, and even of two hundred sail, are frequently seen and by your majesty's fleets too, carrying on this trade in perfect security. These consist chiefly of luggers, or zebecs, of a light draught of water, from 80 to 120 tons burthen, and are navigated by a proportionate number of seamen. There are employed in this commerce, from the river of Bordeaux alone thirty
three thousand seamen and upwards. The coasts of the Mediterranean teem with this commerce. Its ports, harbours and bays swarm with vessels; and a notice was the commerce so great between France and Italy on the one side, and between France and Holland and the North, on the other side, as it is at this moment, while your Majesty's servants are boasting, that they have a navy that scours the ocean, and that "England suppresses the commerce of the world." While they amuse themselves, and the nation, with this empty vaunting, the commerce of France, and her vassal states, carried on almost within the reach of the naked eye of our Admirals far exceeds, in the means of contributing towards national strength, the commerce of England and of all her allies. The general persuasion here is, that all the people under the sway of France, are suffering from causes almost similar to those which effect the inhabitants of a besieged town; that the people of the North can get no wine or oil, and that those of the South can get no corn; that there are no materials to make goods of any sort, and that all is decay and misery, and that surely, the poor, beggared, pinched people must, surely they must soon be pushed to desperation; must revolt, & must tear Napoleon & his government to morsels. This has been the expectation for years, in like manner as, for years before Mr. Pitt, and the Foreign pensioner Sir Francis D'Ivernois kept alive the constant expectation, that France would become a bankrupt, and would be compelled to submit to her enemies. As the nation was deceived then, so it is deceived now; and so, I greatly fear, it will continue to be deceived, until a knowledge and belief of the truth will come too late. One thing indeed, has staggered many of even the credulous part of the nation; and that is the fact of France being able still to renew her squadrons and her maritime expeditions. For this astonishing power of creating a maritime force is altogether incompatible with the assertions of your Majesty's servants respecting the ruined state of the commerce of France. The commerce of France being "annihilated," we cannot help wondering that the ports of Brest and Rochefort should be continually sending forth their squadrons; we cannot help being surprised and somewhat vexed at seeing a squadron of ten or twelve sail of the line come out of the ports of France in the space of a few months, after we have been congratulated upon the destruction of the last of the enemy's ships. The fleet in Baspue Roads is said by one of your Majesty's spies, to have been worth several millions of pounds sterling, and that the Calcutta alone was worth six hundred thousand pounds being full of military and naval stores. To have effected the destruction of the whole of this fleet would have been a subject of great joy; to have effected the destruction of part of it was a subject of joy; but, in our haste to express such joy, we forgot to ask how all these stores came to be found in the port of Rochefort so many years after we had "so completely annihilated the commerce of France," agreeably to the ten thousand times repeated assurances of your majesty's servants. The fact is, that not only from the Elbe and the Scheldt are the ports of France supplied, by the means of the coasting trade, with an abundance of naval stores, but also from that part of Spain lying near the Atlantic coast; whence they received iron, pitch, tar, rosin and ship timber of various sorts, and in vast quantities, at a rate much cheaper than some of these articles can possibly be brought to the arsenals at Portsmouth and Plymouth. If this be the case and I am compelled not to assert that it is the case, what are we doing? What is the use which your Majesty's servants are making of the immense means which the industry and patience of your people put into their hands? If there be a commerce, such as I have described, carried on between the different ports of Napoleon; of what use, as the means of keeping him in check are the thousand ships of war now employed? Of what use is it, if this commerce is to go on uninterrupted; and of what use is it that the sea is covered with your majesty's ships, and that history will record the valor of your seamen? Of what avail is it, that we destroy French ships of war, while we leave in full vigor, all the means of creating others to supply their place? If this be the way of making war, it must be of no use to every one that we can never have peace, without being exposed to imminent danger; for it will require but a short space of time for France to raise a navy equal, in number at least, to any that we can possess.
The security of this extensive and most valuable commerce of the French dominions arises in great part from the use of land signals, or telegraphs, so constructed, placed and managed, as to keep the vessels upon the coast at all times correctly informed of what is passing upon the whole

the continent of Europe, is given with a view of keeping Napoleon from our own shores. The expressions are somewhat different, but this is the substance, this is the real meaning of the words. Does it not then become me, if I have it in my power, to prove to you that this is not the way to keep the conqueror from the shores of England? That this is a waste of our means? That it has no other effect than that of augmenting at once our debts and our taxes, and of hastening the day when the cries of the widow and the orphan shall proclaim whether or not a national debt be a national blessing."
In what way, I should like to ask of your majesty's servants, if their subsidies to the enemies of France upon the continent are to keep Napoleon from our shores? Is it by giving him employment on the continent? That of course must keep him from our shores for a while; but the possibility of at least that, by all the means we can contrive, by all the wars we can excite, & by all the treasure we can squander, he cannot, for any long time be thus employed; and consequently when he can no longer be so employed, we, upon the very principle on which this aid is given to his enemies, must be in imminent danger. Therefore, by our present line of politics, by our present system of defence, by our present explicit avowal, if Napoleon succeeded in subduing all his enemies upon the continent, "we have very little hope of being able to resist him."
This, sir, though neither very consoling nor very honorable to the country, is the conclusion to be drawn from the declarations as well as the acts of your majesty's servants, who appear to have given up all hope of England being able, if left to herself, to provide even for her safety, leaving her honor totally out of the question. And this opinion is, indeed, very reasonable. Upon the supposition, "that the present is the only system of naval warfare that can be adopted." Upon the supposition that we have it not in our power to prevent Napoleon from carrying on an uninterrupted exchange of products, the most valuable of all commerce, between all the countries from Naples to Marseilles, and from Bayonne to Hamburg, that we are unable to prevent him from connecting all these countries, and consolidating them under his sway, by ties of convenience & of interest as well as by the power of his arms and of his civil and political establishments, that we are unable with all our endless list of ships, to counteract the operations of signal posts, defended each by a couple of invalids; that in spite of all we are able to do, France will then with seamen, naval stores, and all the means of speedily creating a navy; upon this supposition it is indeed perfectly reasonable to conclude, that when Napoleon has put down all his enemies upon the continent, when he has removed the possibility of there meeting with further hostility excited by our good, we ourselves shall be unable to resist his power for any length of time. Upon such a supposition, this conclusion is natural; but as I think I shall be able to show in my next letter such a supposition is not founded in truth, and that we have the ability to do with respect to the commerce of France with respect to that fruitful source of power to her and of danger to us; that we have the ability to do all those things which are necessary to our safety, permanent as well as present, and with a comparatively small portion of expense.
When one looks at the navy of England; at the quarter of a million of people whom in various ways it employs; at the 15 or 17 millions of money (fifteen part I believe of the rental of the whole kingdom) that it annually costs; when one looks at this wonderful power, this mass of means, this focus of the fertility of our soil, and of the industry, ingenuity, valour, and patriotism of the nation; when one contemplates all this, and reads the history of the war for several years past, one cannot help being struck with the disparity between the means and the effects. For what purpose are all this preparation and all the sacrifices which it occasions? What does this immense navy accomplish? If for many years past, all its prizes and all the mischief it has done the enemy were estimated, they would not amount to enough to pay the expense of finding the navy in water. The navy is our defence, it may be said; but it cannot be said, without acknowledging, that we are deficient either in strength of the courage or the will to defend our country by land—As the means of mere defence, either the army or the navy must be considered as superfluous, or else we acknowledge ourselves to be inferior to our enemy in point of valour, or of disposition to defend our country. To consider the navy as the means of mere defence, is, in fact, to acknowledge, at once, that Napoleon has it in his power to put us to an expense of 17 millions a year, without any other expense on his part than that of paper and ink, composing a paragraph in one of his Moniteurs. The navy should be made the means of annoyance, the means of distress through the empire of the enemy.—The taking or destroying ships at sea, the capture of colonies, will avail us nothing, while the ever fertile source of naval power exist ununit in the dominions of France.
In war, as well as in every thing else, those difficulties and dangers, of which we can foresee no end, are powerful in subduing the mind; in producing weariness, disgust, relaxation of efforts; and finally, a disposition to give up the contest and I beseech your majesty to consider, what prospect there is, or can be, of an end to our difficulties and dangers, while Napoleon possesses, undisturbed, the means of building and manning ships of war, though England, at the same time, maintains a navy at the expense of seventeen millions a year; what prospect can there be of peace and safety to England, while France, in sensible of the calamities and almost of the existence of war, is able to impose upon your majesty's subjects burdens such as were never before thought of, and which, with the duration of war, must necessarily increase. To me, therefore, it appears evident, that unless our mode of warfare be changed, unless our immense means be made use of to annoy and distress the enemy, and particularly to cut off his naval resources, we shall fall in this contest,
which is not only for honor but for independence.
The facts which I have stated, relative to the commerce carried on in the dominions of Napoleon are stated upon such authority, that I have no scruple in vouching for their truth. So minute, indeed, is my information, that I could have named times and places and other particulars, in confirmation of very fact relative to this commerce, that I have stated in general terms. That such a commerce, so extensive so beneficial to the parties concerned in it, forming so complete a chain of connection between the several countries whose means Napoleon must wish to unite and bring under his control, so fertile in all the means of restoring or creating a vast naval power; that such a commerce existed I know that the people of England could not have supposed possible, and I verily believe, that your majesty's servants were, in this respect, little better informed than the nation at large; for to believe otherwise, would be to suppose them guilty of a heinous offence against their master as well as against his people. To believe that they knew of the existence of a commerce carried on in the dominions of Napoleon, and employing, perhaps, 200,000 mariners; to believe that they knew of the existence of such a commerce while they were congratulating us upon the annihilation of the maritime power of France, would be to accuse them of hypocrisy unparalleled in the history of human depravity.—Of this knowledge, therefore, I acquit them, and shall be well satisfied, if they now, though late, adopt measures to remove that danger, which, if their present system be adhered to, can, as far as I can perceive, never terminate but in the subjugation of our country, and of course in the subversion of your majesty's throne.
In my next, I shall endeavor to show that the commerce of France may be destroyed, and of course that vast means of creating a naval force, may be cut off. The real causes of the inefficiency of our navy in this respect, will be found to be much deeper than is generally imagined, and where I am sure your majesty does not suspect; because, supported as your majesty would be by the unanimous voice of the people, you possess the power of removing for ever the most mischievous of those causes. The war upon the continent may prove very embarrassing to Napoleon; it may produce his overthrow—but it may produce exactly contrary effects—it may not only relieve him from all those embarrassments which he has hitherto experienced, but may end in the complete overthrow of every thing that calls itself our friend. This accomplished, as far as relates to the east, how quickly will the wings of revenge, united with those of ambition, bear him to the south! And, if he once obtains possession of the whole of the coasts of Portugal and Spain, what if we persevere in our present mode of warfare, is to prevent him from sitting quietly down, and seeing us exhaust ourselves with wearisome alarm, while his dominions have only to support a flotilla at Boulogne and an army of England, at an expense, perhaps not greater than that which we are put to for the maintenance of our local militia? Where, then, should we look for an end of our danger? There never more, while that state of things lasted, could be peace united with safety, for England.
If this paper should (which I greatly doubt) reach the ear of your majesty, I hope that by this concluding paragraph, I shall prevail upon you to distrust those who flatter you with the prospect of seeing the people of France revolt against their emperor, to do which there has not appeared in any shape the smallest inclination. I beseech your majesty to consider, that all those persons in France and her dominions, who are now from 20 to 40 years of age—that is to say, all that part of the population which, in time of disturbance, decided the fate of government, have been reared up in principles which must make them hazard their lives a thousand times over, rather than see their country return to the ancient order of things; and that supposing principle and prejudice to have no weight, still self-interest, that all powerful stimulus, will never suffer a nation consisting, in great part, of those who are styled usurpers of the soil, to permit any thing which shall expose them to the chance however small, of being ousted from their usurpations. I trust, therefore, that your majesty will be induced to place no reliance upon any such events; and of course, that you will be the more disposed to adopt such measures as shall tend to bring into full operation the naval power of the country, and thereby to keep alive the hope of your people. Hitherto there has always been some ground for hope, or the people have at least imagined such ground. But if Austria should fall—and if, which would be the almost certain consequence, the southern peninsula should follow, where then, if the means of suddenly forming a navy be still suffered to exist in France, will be ground of hope? The gloom of despair will pervade, and must pervade the political horizon: to submission alone we look for an elevation of our burdens, and tho' the thought will at first be accompanied with horror, to that submission we shall, in time, fashion our minds.
Such, sir, is my view of this subject. For the truth of my facts, I vouch with as much confidence as if they had come under my own eyes—and my reasoning is, as I believe, correct. I have some times been wrong in my opinions, but I have much of a better been right—and in this instance, the greatest favor I would presume to ask from your majesty, would be, that your war ministers by sea and land, should be called upon to prove the erroneousness either of my premises or my conclusions. The sending out of 40,000 men, the selecting of proper persons to command them, the planning of operations for such an army—this is of great consequence in itself, but it is nothing at all, when compared to the object which I have submitted to the consideration of your majesty—to the evil which I have pointed out, and to the remedy which I shall hereafter have the honor to submit.—I am, &c.
WILLIAM COBBETT. Botley, 12th July, 1809.
Boston, Oct. 13. Centinel Office, Wednesday Noon. The Packet has just arrived from Liverpool: Bringing London papers to the 6th Sept.
In a paper of the 5th it is reported, that France and Austria had concluded a peace.—That Austria surrenders a great part of her territory.—That Francis is to lose his title of Emperor, & take that of King of Hungary and Bohemia; and that Napoleon adds to his other titles, that of Archduke of Austria.—So far the report; and we think it a mere bubble. Paris Moniteurs to the 22d Aug. make no mention of any treaty being concluded, and that the negotiations of it were not to be opened in Hungary until the 15th of August. And a London paper of the 6th is silent on the subject.
The Expedition to the Scheldt was returning.—A great number of the troops had arrived in England, principally cavalry, the horses of which had not been landed. Lord Chatham states as the cause of the abandonment of the ulterior objects, the impracticability of an attempt upon Antwerp from the great number of troops assembled to defend it; and from the sickness, the effect of the climate, which began to be felt in his army. A force (15,000) is to be left in the island of Walcheren sufficient to secure that important possession. The papers are loud in condemning the Earl of Chatham for his dilatoriness and want of energy. It is stated that the army is to be employed on a fresh expedition; and that the orders were transmitted on the 4th from the Admiralty and Zealand, on the subject. The troops are to be provisioned for one month. Some accounts speak of great inundations in the country bordering on the Scheldt.
The accounts from Spain, by this arrival, are not so late as those we have received direct from Cadiz and Lisbon. But we have received the official letters of Gen. Wellesley, of his retreat from Talavera, the reports of which we have before communicated. All the British wounded, excepting 2000, were left to the French. This letter is dated at Delados, the 8th Aug.
We have seen several letters from Lisbon, to the last of Aug. One of them announces the very satisfactory information, that in consequence of representations on the subject of the Regency, the exorbitant duty of 30 per cent on imports had been revoked, and the former regulation of 3 per cent re-established.
EXTRACTS.
"Lisbon, July 29. The demand for flour, wheat, rice, &c. is very considerable, for supplying the provinces through which the armies pass, as the home harvest has been very unproductive.
"Lisbon, Aug. 23. Great hopes are entertained of succeeding in keeping the French forces in Spain, from repossessing this country. The accounts received these few days are of a very flattering nature; and it is sincerely wished the next intelligence from Germany may be equally satisfactory.
Boston Centinel.
Extract of a letter to the Editor of the Mercantile Advertiser, dated
Boston, Oct. 13, Noon.
"This morning arrived here the ship Packet, Field, from Liverpool, from whence she sailed on the 8th of September.
The British Expedition has abandoned its design upon Antwerp & the French fleet in the Scheldt.—The reasons given for this abandonment are, the great force which the French and Dutch had collected in opposition, the inundations, and the sickness of the troops, of whom 5000 are said to be on the sick list. Many of the troops had returned to England, including all the cavalry, none of which had been landed at all in Zealand. A garrison was left at Flushing, and there were rumours of an attempt to be made on Helvoetsluys and Williamstadt, and of another destination to a part of the Expedition. The failure of the project on the Scheldt excited much discontent in England; some blaming the Ministry, others the Commander in Chief, and a court martial was talked of with all that freedom of remark & invective which distinguishes the English press.
"It is reported that the Preliminaries of Peace between France and Austria are agreed on; and that plenipotentiaries were to meet at Oltenburgh, in Moravia, on the 15th of Aug. to settle the definitive articles. Champagne and a Russian envoy had already gone thither.
"Sir Arthur Wellesley's official dispatches to the 8th of August had been published. He reflects, but delicately, on Cuesta. The French accounts of occurrences in Spain down to August 8th or 10th give very florid reports of their successes to that time, which must be very much exaggerated. The French on the 7th August took the fort of Montjore, appertaining to the city of Gerona. It was not surrendered by the brave Spaniards until the effects of the siege had rendered the place untenable. The garrison retreated in safety to the city. The French say Gerona must surrender in a few days.
"Neutrals are said to be now freely admitted into the ports of Denmark and Sweden. Danish privateers are to cruise in the North Sea. The entry of American vessels into Rus-
lan ports is still embarrassed; but their departure with cargoes is facilitated.
"There are rumours under the head of Turin, August 2, that all American vessels at Naples, Civita Vecchia, and Leghorn, are sequestered; but the news by the Kite, at Baltimore, invalidates this. It is added that no more Americans, even direct from home, with colonial produce, will be admitted into Leghorn. "Nothing new about American affairs."
[BY THE PACKET IN 38 days from LIVERPOOL.]
From the London Gazette of Sept. 8.
A Dispatch of which the following is a Copy was yesterday morning received at the Office of Lord Viscount Castlereagh, from Lieut. General the earl of Chatham, dated head quarters, Batz, August 29, 1809.
My Lord—Major Bradford delivered to me your Lordship's dispatch of the 21st inst. signifying to me his Majesty's commands that I should convey to Lieut. Gen. Sir R. Coote the General and other officers & troops employed before Flushing & particularly to those of the artillery and engineer departments, his Majesty's most gracious approbation of their conduct; and which I have obeyed with the most entire satisfaction. I had the honor in my last dispatch of acquainting your Lordship with my intention of proceeding to this place and I should have been most happy to have been enabled to have announced to your Lordship the further progress of this army.
Unfortunately, however, it becomes my duty to state to your Lordship that, from the concurrent testimony from so many quarters, as to leave no doubt of the truth of the information, the enemy appears to have collected so formidable a force, as so convinced me that the period was arrived, at which my instructions would have directed me to withdraw the army under my command, even if engaged in actual operation. I had certainly early understood on my arrival at Walcheren that the enemy were assembling in considerable force on all points; but I was unwilling to give too much credit to these reports, and I was determined to persevere until I was satisfied, upon the fullest information that all further attempts would be unavailable.
From all our intelligence it appears that the force of the enemy in this quarter distributed between the environs of Bergen-op-Zoom, Breda, Lillo, and Antwerp, and cantoned on the opposite coast, is no less than 35,000 men, and by some statements is estimated higher. Though a landing on the continent might, I have no doubt, have been forced, yet as the siege of Antwerp, the possession of which could alone have secured to us any of the ulterior objects of the expedition, was by this state of things rendered utterly impracticable, such a measure, if successful, could have led to no solid advantage; and the retreat of the army, which must at an early period been inevitable, would have been exposed to much hazard. The utmost force (and that daily decreasing) that I could have brought into the field, after providing for the occupation of Walcheren and South Beveland, would have amounted to about 25,000 infantry and 2000 cavalry. Your Lordship must at once see, even if the enemy's force had been less numerous than represented after the necessary detachments to observe the garrisons of Bergen-op-Zoom and Breda, and securing our communications, how very inadequate a force must have remained for operations against Lillo, Liefkenshoek, & ultimately against Antwerp; which town so far from being in the state which had been reported, is, from very correct accounts, represented to be in a complete state of defence; and the enemy's ships had been brought up and placed in security, under the gats of the citadel.
Under these circumstances, however mortifying to me to see the progress arrested of an army, from whose good conduct and valor I had every thing to hope, I feel that my duty left me no other course than to close my operations here; and it will always be a satisfaction to me to think that I have not been induced lightly to commit the safety of the army confided to me or the reputation of his Majesty's arms. It was an additional satisfaction to me to find that the unanimous opinion of the Lieutenant-generals of this army, whom I thought it right to consult, more out of respect to them, than that I thought a doubt could be entertained on the subject concurred entirely in the sentiments I have submitted to your Lordship. I am concerned to say that the effect of the climate at this unhealthy period of the year is felt most seriously, & that the number of sick already is little short of 3000 men. It is my intention to withdraw gradually from the advanced position in this island and sending into Walcheren such an additional force as may be necessary to secure that important possession, to embark the remainder of the troops, and to hold them in readiness to avail his Majesty's further commands which I shall most anxiously expect. I have the honor to be, &c. (Signed) CHATHAM.
[The copy of a Dispatch from Rear-Admiral Sir R. Strachan, dated on board the St. Domingo off Batz, the 27th ult. follows. The Rear-Admiral states, that having made the necessary naval arrangements for landing the army near Sandfleet, without hearing from Lord Chatham, communicated with his Lordship on the 24th and found him undecided. On the 26th, attended with Rear Admiral Sir R. Keates a meeting of the Lieutenant-Generals of the army, when, for the reasons already stated in Lord Chatham's dispatch, the ulterior objects of the Expedition were abandoned. Having offered every naval assistance, in reducing the fortresses, and conceiving the subject of the deliberation to be purely military, he withdrew with Sir R. Keates.—The Rear-Admiral then states that the enemy's ships which were five miles above Antwerp, have come down, and are extended in a line fronting it, except two of the line, which are in the reach above Liefkenshoek, and four frigates gone to Lillo. An immense number of small gun boats are on the boom behind them, a crescent of 60 guns, & mortar brigs & the
the coast. From Flushing to Bayonne a report is exchanged four times a day; at eight, ten o'clock in the forenoon, two o'clock, and just before sun set. So that at Flushing they know, four times during the day, what is passing at sea, within sight of the highest hill in the neighborhood of Bayonne, and of course they are informed of what is passing at all the intermediate ports of the coast. The same system is established along the coast of the Mediterranean, from the Gulph of Spezzia to Rosas. The coasting vessels thus instructed how to move; thus kept constantly in a state of perfect knowledge as to the situation of our fleets or cruisers, are able to sail in safety, carrying on their trade in as much security as if those ships were not in existence; and this only as I shall hereafter prove to your majesty, from causes which prevents the necessary exertions from being made, and which causes may instantly and easily be removed.
The advantages to the nations (for they are many) which carry on this commerce, are not greater than they are to Napoleon himself in his views of conquest & domination. From this commerce, notwithstanding our opinions to the contrary, he derives no small part of his revenue through the means of a stamp tax, imposed upon every article exported or imported; and hence he is able to dispense with direct taxes which are always odious, and which are, indeed, those which have uniformly ended in exciting the feelings and producing the acts, under which so many governments have perished. This is a great point. By the means of this commerce, he disguises from his people the burdens which they bear. It is, indeed, a gross imposition to tell a people, that commerce pays taxes, the fact being that those taxes still fall upon the people themselves; but as your Majesty must have observed, it is an imposition, it is a fraud, it is an act of duplicity and knavery, the success of which, in other countries, warrants the belief that it must be greatly useful to your Majesty's implacable and powerful enemy. Very much then, are your Majesty's servants deceiv'd, when they suppose, that the Emperor Napoleon has no custom house, where at to collect duties. His scale may not be so noble as to afford him Duke-for-receivers; he may not have Marquises for Collectors, Barons for Collectors, and Knights of the Eagle for wine taxers; but I am of opinion that his custom house yields him a much greater clear revenue than is derived from any similar establishment in the world—and that it affords him the means of drawing upon other sources of taxation with so sparing a hand, that his people, especially within the ancient boundaries of France, have reason to congratulate themselves upon the comparative lightness of their burdens. Among many of your Majesty's subjects in some high station, have at different times expressed their astonishment, and noted their vexation, that the people of France should be slow in rebelling against their Emperor with whom your Majesty made a treaty of peace and "amity" only about seven or eight years ago; but if they had been informed of the facts here stated, relative to the commerce of France, & especially relative to the revenue yielded by that commerce, together with the relief given thereby to all the other sources of taxation, itself not appearing as a tax; if they had been duly informed of these facts, and had been possessed of but a very moderate portion of that sort of knowledge which enables men to trace popular discontent to their real causes—they never would have entertained a hope of seeing a rebellion in France.
But great as are the financial advantages of this commerce, Napoleon derives from it the still greater advantages attending such a nursery of seamen. It has been most clearly proved, over and over again, that for our navy, the nursery is our coasting trade.—There requires, therefore, nothing more to satisfy us, that from a coasting trade such as I have described, the advantage of Napoleon is so great as to excite well-grounded alarm in the mind of every reflecting Englishman. It is from this copious source that the emperor of France has drawn those hundred of thousands of seamen with whom he has manned his fleets and squadrons for many years past, and which, fleets and squadrons, though always hitherto defeated, and in many instances captured and destroyed by the superior skill and valor of your majesty's fleets, answer the terrible purpose of causing us to keep up a force, by land as well as sea, so immense, so disproportioned to our population and pecuniary means, that the country is stripped of its youth and its vigor—the fields are left to be tilled by the poor and the decrepid—and the taxes are so general and so heavy, and the appropriations upon them so great—that hopes, which alleviate all other burdens, here refuses her sustaining hand. Year after year, we not only see the taxes and tax gatherers increase, we not only feel their immediate pressure, but we see mortgaged deeper and deeper, the very seeds of property; we see taken from us, for the purposes of current expense, that which was held out to us the sure pledge of permanent relief. Could we once be sure that it was out of the power of Napoleon to send a fleet to sea, how different would be our situation! But this assurance we can never have, so long as he has the command of the seamen necessarily employed in such a commerce. How often within the last 12 years, have we annihilated the navy of France! How often have swept the ocean! But still France, in the midst of all this annihilation, finds the means of sending out fresh squadrons and fleets, and proves beyond a doubt, that she possesses, in spite of all we have hitherto done, the means of forming a navy in a very short space of time.
The parliament has recently been told in your majesty's name, that the aid you are giving to the enemies of France upon

battery of 10 guns, between fort Lillo and Hendrich, is finished, though that on the Doel side is abandoned.
POSTSCRIPT!
Since our paper was put to the press last evening, the ship Packet, has arrived in 38 days from Liverpool, bringing London dates to the 6th September. At which time news had been received that peace was concluded between France and Austria—the emperor Francis, as might be expected, makes immense sacrifices to the conqueror—he is to relinquish his imperial title and the greater part of his dominions, and in future is to be styled King of Hungary and Bohemia—Bonaparte adds to his former titles that of Archduke of Austria.
The Earl of Chatham had returned from the Walcheren expedition with the whole of the troops excepting 15,000, which are to remain to keep possession of the island.—It was found impracticable to proceed up the river Scheldt, so as to get possession of the French fleet near Antwerp. Lord Wellington, late Sir Arthur Wellesley, was under the necessity of retreating before the French troops immediately after the battle at Talavera, and had taken his position at Deleytosa, as appeared by his dispatch, dated at that place, August 8. His situation was conceived very critical.
Patriot.
SPAIN. GOVERNMENT OF MADRID—NEWS FROM THE ARMY.
ORDER OF THE DAY.
MADRID, Aug. 10.
The 1st and 5th corps overtook, beyond the bridge of Arzobispo, the rear guard of the English army, entirely destroyed it, and took from it 30 pieces of cannon, their caissons, a great part of their equipage, many horses & a great number of prisoners.
It is also in pursuit of the Army of Venegas, and has made a great number of prisoners; it has retired into the mountains of Sierra Morena.
(Signed) A. BELLIARD Gov. Gen.
On the 10th, the army of Venegas stopped its retrograde movement, and formed at Almonaciz.—On the 10th, the King united the 4th corps of the reserve at Danbroca; the 11th, the King marched towards the enemy, surrounded him, attacked and drove him from all his strong positions, and put him completely to the rout. This was an affair of three hours.
Thirty pieces of ordnance, 100 caissons, 200 waggons, 3000 killed, an infinite number of wounded, and several stands of colors, are the result of this brilliant day. Our loss is very inconsiderable.
(Signed) A. BELLIARD.
Madrid, Aug. 14.—(Moniteur, Aug. 22.)
SANTA OLALLA, Aug. 9.
We received this moment intelligence that the enemy's artillery, which bombarded Toledo, has, on a sudden, ceased firing, and that the English & insurgents are retreating in the utmost confusion to the left bank of the Tagus. Thus a few days have been sufficient to confound & disconcert the absurd projects of people who carried the suggestions of infantry so far as to conceive that they should speedily render themselves masters of the capital, and now deem it extremely prudent to place the Tagus between them and the French army.—(Royal Amsterdam Gazette, of Aug. 28.)
NEW EXPEDITION!
Sept. 3.—We are enabled to state, that our army is immediately to be employed on a fresh, and we trust a more successful expedition. Orders were last night dispatched from the Admiralty to Sir R. Scranahan, and from Lord Castleragh's Office, addressed "to the Commander in Chief of the British troops in Zealand;" containing instructions on the subject of this new enterprise. We likewise find, that orders were yesterday given for providing provisions, &c. for 25,000 men for one month; so that we may conclude that the service in question is not very remote.
ZITTAU, JULY 31—The following is
the order of the day by which the Archduke Charles notified to the army his resignation of the command in chief.
"Very important reasons have induced me to request his Majesty to accept my resignation of the command of the army entrusted to me. I yesterday received his consent, and at the same time his orders, to transfer the chief command to the General of Cavalry Prince of Lichtenstein. While I leave the army I take the most lively interest in its fate. The perfect conviction I have of its bravery, the confidence I place in it, and the constant habit of dedicating my exertions to its service, under this separation, indescribably painful, I flatter myself that it participates in, and returns this sentiment."
(Signed) "CHARLES."
SALEM, October 13. Capt. Stacey arrived at Marblehead on Wednesday last from Gion (in the north of Spain, and the province of Asturia) which he left the 19th of August. When he sailed great rejoicings were held at Oviedo, the capital of the province, on account of the supposed possession (which our later accounts show not to be true) of Madrid on the 13th by the combined armies. Persons recently from St. Andero, St. Sebastians, & Bilbao, said, that all Americans in those ports had been taken up and imprisoned by the French; that at St. Andero they had once been released through the influence of Madam O'Brien, but were again imprisoned. It was stated that the French had only 4000 troops in St. Andero, and only as many hundred in Bilbao—that the Spanish lines extended to the former place, and that the Spaniards expected shortly to regain possession of it, as well as of Bilbao.
CHARLESTON, October 13.
IMPORTANT IF TRUE.
By the arrival of the schooner EAGLE Capt. Taylor, in ten days from St. Christopher's, a paper of the 29th ult. printed at that place, has been received, from which the following interesting reports are copied:—
BASSATERRE, (St. Kitts) Sept. 29.
Extract of a letter received on Wednesday, the 27th inst. from a gentleman of the first respectability in Antigua, a few copies of which we threw off hastily yesterday, for the information of an anxious public:
"A vessel from Glasgow to Martinico, in 28 days—the following news was yesterday forwarded to commodore Fahie, and it is believed."
"Sir ARTHUR WELLESLEY has vanquished Soult and Victor, and the French are cut up. The combined armies have surrounded Madrid, but they have lost 5000 men—the enemy has lost 12,000."
"The grand expedition has taken 9 sail of the line, burnt 3, taken 14 frigates, sloops and vessels beyond number, and have proceeded from Flushing."
"The Emperor Bonaparte asked, and got an armistice for some time, but the third day the archduke perceived the crafty Corsican encroaching; which induced the Archduke to commence the fight, which terminated against the French."
"Commodore Fahie believes so much that what I have written is true, that he had his dispatches copied and scattered through the shipping."
The part of the above intelligence alluding to the capture of the Fleet at Flushing, was received here so early as Monday, the 25th inst. by an armed schooner, which called in at Old Road, charged with a dispatch from commodore Fahie for admiral Sir A. Cochrane, at Halifax, brought by express, 25 days from England.
POSTSCRIPT.
This noon, the Try-Again, capt. Hasell, arrived from Martinico. It corroborates the GLORIOUS INTELLIGENCE above mentioned, having piloted a Spanish 74 to Martinico, on Monday last, 18 days from Cadiz bound for Vera Cruz, for supplies. From this source we found the following additional strength to the opinion we have ventured.
Cadiz Gazette Extraordinary.
August 25, 1809.
We lately announced to the public, the Armistice extracted from the London papers, concluded between the Emperors of France and Austria, accompanied with suitable reflections on the credit that should be attached to it—we have the pleasure now of announcing the following intelligence:
On the 24th inst. His Britannic Majesty's Consul in this city, received an express from Gibraltar, referring to intelligence brought by a Packet in 12 days from Palermos; with the agreeable news, that the Archduke John had formed a junction with his brother Prince Charles, gave the French battle on the 29th of July, in which the defeat of the latter was so complete, as to compel the immediate evacuation of Vienna—the loss on both sides, in this sanguinary battle, was 60,000.
IN COUNCIL, Oct. 24th, 1809.
PROPOSALS will be received by the Executive until the 14th day of next month, for furnishing the following TIMBER, viz.
 140 pieces of White Oak Plank, 8 feet long, fourteen inches wide, three inches thick.  420 do. do. 20 inches long, 12 by 3  140 do. do. 3 feet long, 4 by 2  140 do. do. 8 feet long, 9 by 3  70 do. do. 4 feet long, 9 by 5  140 Axle Trees, 7 feet long, 7 by 6, of hickory  3360 White Oak spokes, 2 feet 6 inches long, by 2  1640 Willow Oak Fellies, 2 feet 4 inches long, by 3  280 Black Gum Naves, 14 inches long, 12 by 12  140 pieces of Hickory, 6 feet long, 4 by 3  210 pieces of Ash, 7 feet long, 2 by 2  Seasoned timber will be preferred. DANL. L. HYLTION, Clerk of the Council
Virginia Argus.
RICHMOND.
FRIDAY, OCTOBER 27, 1809.
Extract of a letter from our Correspondent at Washington City, dated Oct. 21st, 1809.
"Don Onis is with us, and has located himself at Georgetown, in this District, at Crawford's Inn. Mr Jackson also remains there with his family. We are all gaping here with expectation for the result of this association of British and Spanish diplomacy. You have, doubtless, perceived that the Havana has been closed against all foreign bottoms. Is this meant as a hint, that if Don Onis is not received, we shall be cut off from all intercourse with the Spanish colonies? It really looks a little like it. But those who resort to such tricks of diplomacy, know little of the character of the American people, and far less of the intellect of our cabinet. Such little management may answer in Europe, where all is fraud and finesse; but with a nation, the basis of whose negotiations is justice, it is liable to attempt to cajole or to intimidate her by such miserable shifts."
"We know quite as little of Mr. Jackson's concerns, as you do; except that he is married to a Prussian lady, who is of the order of nobility, and rides in a very pretty landau, which separates at top, and falls down behind and before, like a calash. Behind are two footmen, with long canes, supported with as much formality as the ward of Doctor Bode. Ill de Snatchway at Governor Hancock's table. Mrs. Jackson is reputed a lady of sound understanding; but it is not known whether, like Madame Roland, she polishes her husband's stile, or, now and then, helps him to a brilliant shot."
"You would, doubtless, like to hear how the negotiation progresses: and so, indeed, should I. But our cabinet appear very properly to have clapped the great seal upon the whole affair, for not a whisper escapes. We should never suspect anything was going on at all, were it not that the clerks in the Department of State appear to be swollen to double their usual size. This is attributed by the political doctors to the close retention of the secrets of state; and if the gentlemen are not relieved soon the fourth Monday in November, and keep swelling at the present rate, they will be as large as Dorchester basts. Bistortle apart, however, we are totally in the dark as to what is going on; and in my opinion, government is in the right to keep close till Congress meets, which body is the constitutional organ of communication."
"We understand by a passenger in the Packet, (says the Boston Chronicle of the 19th inst.) that the report of Gen. Armstrong's being in Amsterdam was contradicted in England."
Letters from the Baltic, state, says the London Globe, of the 4th Sept. that the ports of Denmark and Sweden are now open to all neutral vessels.
MR. PLEASANTS,
I am told that a report is current, and actually believed, that the Mutual Assurance Society of Virginia, have not paid for losses of property insured in their office.—Through your paper, I request permission to present to the public, a statement of the payments which have been made, for buildings insured in this office and afterwards consumed by fire.
  There was paid to insured sufferers in the year 1797 $ 1,318 67   in 1798 200   in 1799 58,753 14   in 1800 1,443 74   in 1802 999 80   in 1803 10,404 3   in 1804 67,295 8   in 1805 26,842 55   in 1806 6,648 56   in 1807 42,615 41   in 1808 19,915 31   in 1809 about 10,500   Total paid for losses 246,936 29 
The directors of the society, relying on the powerful inducements to punctuality, on the part of the members, and unwilling to resort to an unpleasant and expensive mode of coercing payment, while they held active funds sufficient to answer any ordinary calls, avoided a rigorous collection. In 1807 an extensive fire, which consumed a vast deal of insured property, swept away the money and public stocks on hand. This was succeeded by repeated conflagrations in the years 1808 and 1809. Hence the society has not been so punctual, as might be wished. It has however at all times, acted with justice, honor and liberality.
The society has always possessed funds very far exceeding in amount any claims on it. At this time, the net funds amount
to more than $80,000. The future annual revenue of the society, (derived from a light requisition on the members) very considerably exceeds the average of past losses and expenses. Ought then, a momentary delay, resulting from the negligence of the Members, to create a serious doubt as to future payments?
I hope it is unnecessary for me to say more. The large sum which we have paid. The net amount of our present funds, and the ample revenue which we have, will certainly satisfy the mind of a candid man.
Our institution has existed 14 years. It has met with extraordinary losses. The averaged rate of assurances has (notwithstanding) been much cheaper, than elsewhere. Few private establishments for insurance could have supported such losses; yet they have been paid by this society with a contribution from the members, not exceeding an average of eight dollars per annum from each member.
SAMUEL GREENHOW, P. A.
The following extracts are from letters written by a gentleman (now in Ireland) 1 to y resid nt in the United States, to his friend in Washington City:—
Extract of a letter from Straban, dated 29th Sept. 1809.
"From what I have been able to observe in the course of my travelling, and since my arrival, it appears to me that not only the government of these countries, but also a great majority of the people, are decidedly hostile to America; in particular, they are bitterly angry with Mr. Jefferson, & bestow on him every angry epithet, as a French pensioner & partisan.—It is in vain to endeavor to convince them of the contrary; indeed it is not quite safe for a man to use arguments to that effect, because he is in danger of being considered as a French or republican emissary, whilst in my opinion, nothing can be more distant and distinct in their principles, than a French subject and an American citizen.—Upon the whole, it appears to me, that if the English government can succeed in supporting the Spanish and Portuguese patriots, they will, before long, go to war with America in order, as they say, "to punish her for endeavoring to injure the commerce of England and for being partial to France." The people of these countries are confirmed in these erroneous opinions by what are called the Federal news papers, for they see or hear of no other publications. I refer you to Lord Erskine's observation, and to the animadversions on Sir F. Baring's toast, as confirmations strong of what I now say."
Straban, Aug. 1, 1809.
The events that have taken place on the great stage of Europe even since my arrival here, would take a volume even briefly to recapitulate.—Being nearer the scene of action, we can better account for causes and effects. With you, almost all transactions are perverted by ignorant and partial writers and printers; with you the chain is broken and disconnected. Suffice it to say, that Bonaparte, that truly wonderful man, continues to maintain his ascendancy, and is the grand figure and master machinist in the grand drama. For some time, we had flattered ourselves with hoping, by the breaking down of her bridges on the Danube, that the Dragon's wings were clipped, and that his career was at length stopped—but we have just learnt, to our amazement, and I may say our consternation, that after a most horrible conflict that lasted two days in sight of Vienna, he has totally overthrown the Austrian power, and that he remains the absolute lord and master of the continent of Europe. In this arduous and bloody affair, Bonaparte out did all his former outdoings. The history of the world cannot parallel so vast, so masterly, and so complete an enterprise. See his 24th, 25th, 26th Bulletins. We thank God here, that there is a broad and deep ditch between him and us, and that he cannot conquer the British fleet.
"We were surprised to hear of the removal of your embargo, but we did not wonder that our ministers had totally denied the agreement made by Messrs. Smith & Erskine at Washington. If you had continued your embargo but one month longer, you had ruined Ireland and most materially have injured England; a crowd of American vessels were seen in all our ports laden with flax seed, tobacco, &c. In the eyes of all discerning and impartial men, for there are some such even among us, the Americans of late have lost much national character. It is evident, that the conduct of your factious and rebellious citizens forced you into temporizing and inconsistent measures. If you are thus feeble and rickety in your youth, you cannot expect ever to arrive at the full strength and vigor of manhood. In the fond opinion of many here, it is already visible, they say, that your boasted union is but a rope of sand; that you must soon disunite, and fall into pieces, and speedily become the prey of some future Caesar, or Cromwell, or Bonaparte."
"Within these few months, a visible change has taken place in the public mind both here and in Britain. No circumstance has happened in the present reign that has excited so much of the public attention, as the affair of the Duke of York and Mrs. Clark. That scene of excessive folly, venality and profligacy has been the means of discovering numerous frauds in almost every department of government, and a spirit of enquiry and a freedom of opinion, had arisen, which I did not think to have existed in these countries. The liberty of the press is now exercised to a degree not known for many years, & the good old whig principles of 1688, seem to be yet alive among us. See Cobbett's Register, and many other publications."
From the silence of the Eastern papers, on the subject of the late alarm at Augusta we may presume that it has entirely subsided. The party confined in the goal of that place, for the murder of Chadwick, will not receive their trial until the November term.—Mer. Adv.
In the course of the trial in the court of the King's bench between Mr Wright the upholsterer and Colonel Wardle one of the counsel, in cross examining Mrs. Clarke she said sneeringly to have asked her under whose protection she was now. Mrs. Clarke archly replied, (looking at the bench) "Lord Ellenborough's." His lordship smiled, and the court was convulsed with laughter.
DIED—At Fredericksburg, on the 21st inst. on his way to Baltimore (after an illness of 11 days) JOHN BEALE, Esq. of Botetourt county—a gentleman of large fortune and great worth and respectability.
Manchester Academy,
WILL be opened on Monday the 30th inst. The branches of education, in which instruction will be given are the following. English Grammar, Elocution, Elements of English composition and Arithmetic, Ancient and Modern Geography, with the use of the Globes.
Latin and Greek Language.
Rhetoric, Elements of Logic, of Moral Philosophy, of Ancient and Modern history.
Geometry, Trigonometry, Algebra, Elements of Surveying and Navigation.
A circular letter will shortly be published, stating the mode of tuition and discipline which will be followed. It is only necessary to observe at present, that no corporal punishment is to be inflicted.
The prices of Tuition are: eight dollars a quarter for such as begin to learn the elements of the English language—ten dollars for those who learn English Grammar, Elocution with Arithmetic—twelve dollars and a half for Latin, or Greek scholars, or such as learn any science separate. But for those who are to receive instruction in Latin or Greek, together with any science, an additional charge will be made of two dollars a quarter. It is expected that the price of tuition will be paid in advance as has been heretofore customary.
FRANCIS S. O'REILLY.
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD.—Run away from the subscriber in King and Queen County, on Sunday the 1st inst. HARRY or FANNY his wife, both very black negroes. Harry is about thirty seven years old, about five feet ten: eleven inches high, has rather a down look, and inward speech—on one of his arms he has several scars—he is a good sawyer, rough cooper, and handy plantation fellow. Fanny is about five feet seven or eight inches high thick made, very fat, bluff face, talks fast and stammers a little. If they are no harbored in this county, I expect they have made for the state of Pennsylvania. All masters of vessels are forewarned from taking them on board and all other persons from harboring or in any manner secreting them, as they will be dealt with according to law. Whoever will deliver the said negroes to me living near the Bestland bridge, in the aforesaid county, shall receive the above reward.
BEVERLEY ROY.
October 15th, 1809. 3w
WANTS EMPLOYMENT in a retail store or merchant's counting house, a YOUNG MAN from the country, who will produce satisfactory recommendations. He has some knowledge of business, having been engaged in a retail store, about two years; naturally possessing a sprightly intelligent mind, added to the benefits which consequently results from a good education, there exists no doubt but he is now susceptible of the most rapid improvement. He will make an engagement for one or two years for a small consideration, provided he can obtain an eligible situation. A line addressed to P. W. G. and left at this office, will meet with prompt attention. N. B. He understands Book keeping.
THE subscriber being licensed to practice law, will attend the superior and inferior courts for Henrico & the Hustings court of Richmond. Persons trusting business to his management may rely on his best efforts for their interest. His office is in the upper story of the market house in Richmond.
N. SHEPPARD. Im
Oct. 23, 1809.
IN COUNCIL, October 24th, 1809. PROPOSALS will be received by the Executive until the 4th day of next month, for making and putting on the iron work to 30 carriages for six pounders.
DANL. L. HYLTION, Clerk of the Council.
CASH will be given for a good male house servant and female cook. JOSEPH TRENT. Oct. 27th, 1809. tf
NOTICE is hereby given, that I intend to leave this state this fall. All persons having claims against me either on my own account or as a partner in any mercantile business, or on any other account whatsoever, are desired to bring them forward for adjustment, as this notice will be plead in bar against any claims which may be brought against me after my removal. All those indebted to me are requested to make immediate payment, as any further indulgence will not be given. Will be offered for sale, at my house, on the 13th day of October next, on a credit of 12 months on all sums above ten dollars, my stock of Cattle, Hogs, &c. sundry articles of Household and Kitchen Furniture and Plantation Utensils. Also, my crop of Corn and Potatoes. Bonds with approved security will be required of the purchasers, to carry interest from the date—the interest will be deducted if punctual payment is made.
Francis E. Harris. Powhatan, Sept. 8th, 1809. wtf
BOOKS for Sale.
JUST received and for sale by S. Pleasants Richmond, a few copies of the following valuable works:—The Ameri Annual Register vol. 4th—Bordley's Husbandry—Woman, a new novel by Miss. Owen—Burdet's Village Sermons—Gurney's System of Short hand writing—Ferguson's Lectures, a new edition—Marshall's Life of Gen. Washington—Thomson's seasons, a cheap edition for the use of schools—Russell's ancient and modern Europe—Carey's general atlas, (the best collection of Maps yet made in this country)—Morse's Universal Geography—Goldsmith's natural History—a general assortment of quarto Family Bibles with and without plates, concordance psalms, &c. &c. from $3 50, to $12 each—Gibson's survey—American Clerk's Magazine—Walker's pronouncing Dictionary—also, school Bibles, Textaments and Spelling Books.

REMOVAL. The subscriber has removed near the Mason, where he continues to keep a house of Private Entertainment. He has also for sale, a general assortment of ROCKEDS. Likewise sells all kinds of country produce on commission. HENRIETTA PURYEAR. Richmond, May 17th, 1809. tf N. B. The highest price given for wheat. H. P.
One Thousand Pounds WANTED, For the interest of which, a plantation of 500 acres of valuable land will be given, until the money is refunded. Nearly 100 acres are in low ground, now in cultivation, lying on navigable water, the improvements new and very good, in a healthy and desirable country. Enquire of the Printer September 8, 1809. tf
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD Stolen from me about the 12th of Nov. 1807, a negro man slave, named Cesar the property of the subscriber. He formerly belonged to Mr. Robert Alexander, of Campbell county, and was bought from him a small boy, in the year 1789. He is now about 6 feet high, one of his big toes is very remarkable, being split with an axe through the nail and nearly as high as the second joint, by that it is much broader and larger than the other. He was accustomed to run James river above the falls. I was informed that he went up James River in a bateau owned by one Creech , to the other side of the mountains. On delivering him to me or securing him in some jail so that I get him again, shall be paid by me the reward of twenty Dollars. This is to forewarn any person or persons from harboring or concealing him, as they may depend on it that I will prosecute such violators of the law to its full extent. ROBERT MITCHELL. City of Richmond, July 27th, 1809.
NEW MEDICINE STORE. The Subscriber have recently taken a store, near the Market Bridge, opposite Messrs. White and Shelton's, where they offer for sale a very general assortment of DRUGS & MEDICINES , a few of which are enumerated, viz: Gum Aloes Patent Medicine. Ammon Steel's Chemical Opi- Assa Foetida delloc. Arabic Bateman's Drops Guaiac British Oil Gamboge Essence Peppermint Myrrh Turlington's Balsam of Opium Life Copal Dr. Rawson's Celebrat- Shell Lac ing Ointment Tragacanth Do. do. Genuine Aqua Fortis Anti bilious and Sto- Annatto machi Bitters Arrow-Root Do. do. Worm Ramhor Powders Cowhage Wheston's Itch Oint- Red and Pale Bark ment Cream Tartar Doct. Lee's Genuine Chromic Flowers Windham Biliou Magnesia Pills Indigo Anderson's do. Pepperc Hooper's do. Carmel Dr. Thomson's Arom- Tart Emet tic Tooth Paste Essence Bergamot Do. Eye Water Lemon Fenifuge Elenary Spruce for Ague and Fever. Cloves Hinkley's Infallible Re- Nummegs medy for the Piles Mace Dr. Cooley's Vegetable Cassia, &c. &c. &c. Elixir or Cough Drops Genuine Spice Bitters. ALSO A general assortment of PAINTS & DYING DRUGS —all of which will be sold as low as at any other store in this city. Medical practitioners and gentlemen who are in the habit of selling medicine in the country, will do well to call. VAIL & ROGERS. Richmond, 29th Aug. 1809.
A BANK NOTE of ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS, was taken from a black boy who called himself James Smith, & says he found it in the street—Not thinking it proper to let the boy keep it. I retained it for the proper owner, who may have it, on giving satisfactory evidence of his or their right to it and paying the expense of this advertisement. JOHN McDONALD. Richmond, March 10th, 1809. tf
20 Dollars Reward, is offered for apprehending ANDREW , a negro slave, who about the beginning of this month RUN AWAY from the subscriber residing in the neighborhood of Amelia Court House. Andrew is about thirty years old, an intelligent active, small man, a good house and stable servant, drives a Carriage well, understands a little of Shoemaking, and readily performs any kind of plantation labor. Some years ago he was in the service of Mr. Turner at the Bell Tavern in Richmond, where I believe he generally acted as hostler, and afterwards till last Christmas, was employed by Mr. Henry L. Biscoe of Manchester, in his tobacco manufactory. He has a wife living at the Manchester coal yard, a free mulatto woman named Sally Hollinger , by whom I have reason to believe he is secreted. I will pay the above reward to any person who will deliver to me the above mentioned slave, or secure him in Jail, so that I get him again. James Henderson. 20th June, 1809. tf
IN COUNCIL, Sept. 19th, 1809. It is advised, that from and after the 1st day of January next, the Auditor be instructed in every case where any claim by virtue of an order or certificate of court is presented to him by a person whose name is not mentioned therein, to require such person to produce also an order or power of Attorney from the individual in whose favor such order or Certificate of court was made, together with an affidavit of one witness at least, certified by a Magistrate or Notary Public that such individual actually signed and acknowledged the same. And to give general information of this rule, it is advised, that a copy hereof be published in the Virginia Argus, Enquirer, Petersburg Intelligencer, Norfolk Herald, Lynchburg Star, Staunton Eagle, and Winchester Gazette, once a week, until the first day of January next. Extract from the journal, (with) DANIEL L. HYLTON, C. C.
For sale at this office, A FEW COPIES OF BISHOP MADISON'S MAP OF VIRGINIA.
FOR SALE. —A handsome, second hand, London built CHARIOT , which has been but little used and is in a good state of preservation. Apply to the printer, or to Mr. HUGHES , coach maker, opposite the Old City Tavern, where the carriage may be seen.
NOTICE. —All persons concerned are required to take notice, that we have sold the debts due to the late concerns of Robert Pollok & Co. of Richmond, and of Dunlop, Pollok & Co. of Manchester, to Messrs. Tomkins and Murray , of Richmond, and that payments hereafter are to be made to them alone or to those whom they may empower to collect. James & John Dunlop. Petersburg, Sept. 1st, 1809.
THOSE indebted to the late concerns of Dunlop, Pollok & Co. of Manchester, and Robert Pollok & Co. of Richmond, are now requested to come forward and settle their respective balances, as longer indulgence cannot be granted. Lawyers and agents having the collection or settlement of debts due either of the above concerns, will be pleased to forward us statements of the business in their hands. Tomkins & Murray. Richmond, 1st September, 1809. tf
COLUMBIAN MILLS. The subscribers having purchased the Columbian Mills , beg leave to inform the public, they are giving CASH for WHEAT and CORN . P. HAXALL, & Co. Richmond, August 30th, 1809. tf
BLACKSMITH FOR SALE.
FOR sale, a most valuable Blacksmith about 30 years of age. He is a stout well disposed negro; and probably inferior to no smith in the State. Enquire of the printer. September, 11th 1809. (3m)
DISSOLUTION. —The partnership of THOMAS and MCKINNEY , and THEO. MCKINNEY & Co. is this day dissolved by mutual consent; all persons having claims against either of the firms will apply to William McKinney for payment; those indebted are requested to come forward and settle their accounts with him, who alone is authorised to receive payment and grant discharges. JOHN THOMAS. WILLIAM MCKINNEY. WILLIAM BALDWIN. Greenhill, Charlotte, Sept. 1st, 1809. 2m
THE Subscriber wishes to employ TWO good Workmen in the Wheelwright business, to whom good wages will be given: the workmen may be at liberty to work by the piece.—Also two Apprentices. A. Quarrier. Richmond, 8th Oct. 1809. tf
BALTIMORE COLLEGE GRAND LOTTERY. TICKETS in the BALTIMORE COLLEGE LOTTERY , at $1.00 each, may be had at this office; and prizes in the New York Black River Lottery, taken in payment. The capital prizes in the above lottery are, 2 Prizes of 20 000 dollars 3 10,000 3 5 000 2 2,500 10 1,000, &c. &c. &c. The above lottery will positively commence drawing in Baltimore, on the first Monday in November next, and will continue drawing, after the rate of FIFTEEN HUNDRED TICKETS per week, until the whole is completed, and will not be liable to the shortest postponement, under any pretence whatever. WAITE'S PRIZE LIST, will be regularly received at this office during the drawing, where adventurers may immediately know the fate of their tickets. September 14.
THE Subscribers wish to purchase immediately, BLACK WALNUT TIMBER sufficient for the making of two thousand gun stocks—Any person wishing to contract for furnishing the said timber, will apply to us, at our shop opposite the Government house. Stewart, Quarrier & Kearns. Richmond 8th Oct. 1809.
THE above subscribers wish to employ SIX GOOD WORKMEN at the GUN SMITH'S business, to whom liberal wages will be given. Also five or six BOYS will be taken as apprentices. A CARD.
DOCTOR LEWIS, lately from the West Indies, has opened his office at Manchester, in the house of Mr. Bishop, for the PRACTICE OF PHYSIC, SURGERY, and MIDWIFERY. He hopes from his success and experience, to merit the patronage of a liberal public. N B Private families may be supplied with Medicines with suitable directions. Advice for the poor gratis. September 25th, 1809.
JOHN HOLLINS, Has stated to the Editor of the Baltimore Federal Gazette, that the Suit in Chancery, was forced upon him, in order to close finally his concerns of all descriptions with J. Barney ; a discussion, therefore, in the papers he declines, being before the proper tribunal. He in the mean time, requests that the public opinion may be suspended as relates to the publication of Saturday, until a legal settlement is had, and to which no unnecessary delay has ever been given by him. Should any of the papers publish J. B.'s piece, they are requested to add the above, and forward their bills to the Editor of the Baltimore Federal Gazette. Baltimore, Oct. 12. tf
NOTICE. —A petition will be presented to the next General Assembly, praying the passage of a law to vest the commonwealth's right to a certain lot of ground, lying and being in the city of Richmond, known by the No. 554, to the re-presentatives of P. Younghusband , for reason then and there to be made known. Oct 16th, 1809. tf
By virtue of a deed of trust from Andrew Lewis , of the county of Montgomery, will be sold, by the subscriber, to the highest bidder, upon the 28th day of September next, the following TRACTS OF LAND , with their appurtenances, or so much thereof as may be necessary to pay certain debts in the said deed of trust mentioned, that is to say—one tract situated in the county of Montgomery containing 100 a. acres, being that tract on which the said Andrew Lewis now lives—one other tract adjoining the last mentioned, on the north, containing ten thousand acres—one other tract adjoining the first mentioned, being an inclusive survey, containing seven thousand seven hundred acres—one other tract adjoining the last mentioned at the west end, containing four hundred and fourteen acres—one other tract called the Chestnut Neck , containing three hundred and sixty-six acres—one other tract called Seyens tract , on Broom Creek , adjoining the first mentioned tract of eight hundred acres, and containing one hundred and fifty acres—one other tract also adjoining the first mentioned tract, called Prothoms Garden , containing one hundred and twenty-eight acres—one other tract adjoining the last mentioned, containing one hundred and thirty acres—one other tract adjoining the inclusive survey of seven thousand seven hundred acres above mentioned, containing eighty acres—one other tract adjoining the same inclusive survey and containing one hundred acres—one other tract lying on both sides of Little River , containing one hundred and fifty acres, on which is situated Hope well Forge —one other tract adjoining thereto, containing one hundred and forty acres—one other tract adjoining the same, called the Saw Mill tract , containing four hundred and thirty-eight acres—and one other tract adjoining the last mentioned tract, containing one hundred acres—which said several tracts of land are situated in the county of Montgomery.
The said sales will be made agreeably to the directions in such cases, of the act of Assembly, passed the 31st day of January, 1809, entitled "an act concerning executions, and for other purposes."
EDWARD JOHNSTON, } Trustees. JOHN PROSSER, N. B. The abovenamed property is situated on and about what is generally called the Bent Mountain , and considered a very valuable estate, particularly for grazing. Any one wishing for more particular information, may apply to Charles Johnston , residing in Campbell county, near Lynchburg, or to Robert Pollard , Geo. Pickett , or Gallego , Richard & Co in the city of Richmond. Richmond, July 11th, 1809. tds
The sale of the abovenamed property is postponed until the 23d day of November next, when it will take place at the Eagle Tavern , in the city of Richmond, agreeably to the conditions in the above advertisement. EDWARD JOHNSTON, } Trustees. JOHN PROSSER, Richmond, 23th September, 1809.
RICHMOND TURNPIKE COMPANY.
AT a meeting of the directors of the said company, on Friday the 13th of October, 1809. Resolved, That the shares of all delinquent share-holders in the said company be sold at the Washington Tavern , in the city of Richmond, on Saturday the 21st day of next month, at 12 o'clock of that day. Resolved, That a call of five dollars on each share be paid by the share-holders in the company to the treasurer, on or before the first day of December next. A Copy, N. SHEPPARD, CLK.
NOTICE. —The subscriber having administered upon the Estate of the late Mr. JOHN HUGHES , senr. of Cumberland, now Powhatan county, it is earnestly requested if there be any demands against that Estate, that they may be brought forward on or before the first day of January next, properly authenticated, and receive payment, as I intend to make a division of the residue of that Estate immediately after the said first day of January next, after which this advertisement will be plead in bar against any claim whatsoever. JOHN CUNLIFFE, Adm'r. Coalpit, Chesterfield county, 16th Oct. 1809. (11)
FORTY DOLLARS REWARD. —Abandoned about ten days ago, my negro man, NED ; he was formerly the property of Col. Robert Goode of Whitby , and was bought by me of Mr. Archibald Freeland of Manchester; he is about 21 years of age, five feet 6 or 7 inches high, stout made, very black, with large black eyes, & broad flat nose. He had on when he went away a corduroy jacket, coloured waistcoat, blue pantaloon, glazed hat, brown cotton stockings and shoes. It is probable that he is lurking somewhere in Manchester or its neighborhood where he has many connections. The above reward will be paid for securing him in any gaol in Virginia, and reasonable charges for bringing him home. JOHN DUNLOP. Petersburg, Oct. 9, 1809. t
FOR SALE. —By Virtue of a Deed of trust, executed on the 14th day of March, 1803, by the late William Nice , in order to secure the payment of a certain sum of money therein mentioned unto Mr. William Cook , I shall in consequence of the power vested in me as Trustee, on the 17th day of November next, on the premises, proceed to sell to the highest bidder, that valuable and highly improved Tenement on which the said Nice resided—the said sale will be made under the late law, passed on the 31st January, 1809—entitled "An Act concerning executions and for other purposes." EDWARD W. TRENT, Trustee. October 17th, 1809. tds
A PETITION will be presented to the next General Assembly for leave to dispense with the Lock required to be built at my Mill Dam until some efficient measures shall be adopted for improving the navigation of Banister River . JOHN WIMBISH. Oct. 13th, 1809.
MESSRS. MOODY & PRICE. TAKE NOTICE that on the 23d day of November next, between the hours of 8 in the forenoon and sun set of the same day, I shall at the House of Michael Thomas in the county of Albemarle, and state of Virginia, proceed to take the affidavit of Michael Thomas , to be read as evidence in a suit depending in chancery in county court of Albemarle aforesaid, wherein I am plaintiff and you are defendant, yours &c. JAMES THOMAS, Oct 16th, 1809. 6p
In Richmond Chancery Court, June 12th, 1809.
Elizabeth T. Younghusband and Samuel P. Parsons, administratrix and administrator with the will annexed of Pleasant Younghusband, deceased—Balston and Pleasants—Pickett, Pollard and Johnston—Thomas Taylor and James Brown—late merchants and partners under the firm of Taylor and Brown—James Brown, jun. and William Norvell, surviving partners of the late commercial house of Norvell, Wyatt and Bullock,
AGAINST
Moses Davis, Prosser and Moncure and George Wm Smith, Defs. THIS cause this day came on to be heard and was argued by counsel, on consideration whereof, this court being of opinion that the land conveyed by the said Moses Davis and wife to the defendant George William Smith , was intended to secure the payment of the notes in the possession of the plaintiffs, Pickett, Pollard and Johnston , and Balston and Pleasants , on which suits have not been brought—and also of the judgments obtained on the notes which came to the possession of the other plaintiffs, namely Taylor & Brown, James Brown jun. & the surviving partner of the house of Norvell, Wyatt and Bullock , as well as those taken up by Pleasant Younghusband , deceased, in his lifetime, do decree and order that Geo. W. Smith do proceed to make sale of the lot of land in the bill mentioned to the highest bidder, upon a credit until the repeal or expiration of the act concerning executions and other purposes, passed 31st January, 1809. taking bond with two good securities for the payment of the purchase money, and return the bonds by him taken to court to abide his future order, he giving two weeks notice in some one of the newspapers published in the city of Richmond, of the time and place of sale, and returning a report how he has executed this order. (A Copy)
TH: C. HOWARD, CLK. PURSUANT to the above decree, the land therein mentioned, which is situated in the county of Henrico, contiguous to the city of Richmond, being the same lot or parcel of land which was conveyed by Richard Adams and Elizabeth his wife , to Moses Davis , by deed dated the 3d day of March, 1807, and bounded as follows, to wit, beginning and running on the road or street leading from the market house in the said city to Du Val's village , N 41 E 2 W 4 chains 32 links to a street 40 feet wide dividing said lot and parcel of land and the land formerly William Cannon's now John Doyle's , and binding on said street N. 89 E 4 chains and 94 links to the street—thence on the back street S 41 E 2 W 4 chains 32 links to a corner street 40 feet wide next towards said city, and binding on said street S. 39 W 4 chains 30 links to the said road to the beginning—with the buildings and improvements thereon consisting of a large framed house—will be sold on the premises, at 4 o'clock, P. M. on Saturday the 21st inst. (October). The whole land will be divided into lots according to a plot which will be exhibited on the day of sale, and these lots will be sold separately. The sale will commence at 4 o'clock in the evening. GEO. W. SMITH. Oct. 5. tds N. B. The above sale is postponed in consequence of General muster, until the 4th of November next. G. W. S.
NOTICE. —Will be sold, at next Cumberland Court, to the highest bidder 238 ACRES OF LAND , lying in Buckingham county, on Buffalo Creek . This land joins E. Boling and John Dunn . Terms of sale; one moiety the first day of January next, and the other on the first day of Jan. 1811, with interest from the date if not punctually paid, with a deed of Trust to secure the payment. Mr. E. W. Trent will conduct the sale. C. H. Saunders. Richmond, Oct. 6, 1809. wtds
NOTICE. —Once more, it is hereby requested that those who are indebted to the trustees of the Richmond Academy , do make payment to the subscriber, as the work is now begun, and it is expected that there will be laid from one hundred to one hundred and fifty thousand bricks in the walls of the Academy this fall. He has undertaken the collection by agreement with John Brockenbrough and William W. Henning , the other members of the committee, appointed by a board of trustees: Therefore, it is absolutely necessary that the collector may have as little trouble as possible in the collection, in order to have money in hand, to carry on so laudable an undertaking. ROBT. MITCHELL, City of Richmond, Sept. 7th, 1809. wtf
THE Subscriber being anxious to discharge his debts, offers for sale, that valuable Plantation, lying in Amelia county , on Flat Creek , containing upwards of 900 acres, a considerable quantity of which is very valuable meadow land. For terms apply to WILLIAM MURRAY. Grove Brook. Oct. 12th, 1809.
STOLEN from the subscriber, near Prince Edward court house , in the night of the 22d September, a four year old GELDING , about four feet eight inches high, well formed, in full plight, and handsomely spotted; his mane and tail in their natural state. It is believed his handsome spotted body must attract the notice of those who may see him; I have therefore to request among my friends, the aid of the owners of ferries, to enquire for information; and if any can be obtained from their boatmen to be so good as to advise me by post. FRANCIS WATKINS. Oct 13.
For sale at this office, HENING'S New Virginia Justice, CONTAINING The Duties of a Justice of Peace, &c. together with a variety of useful precedents adapted to the laws now in force. Also forms of conveyancing, such as deeds of bargain and sale, lease and re-lease, mortgage, trust, &c. JAMES THOMAS, Oct 16th, 1809. 6p
The Thoroughbred English Horse,
WONDER.
WILL STAND the ensuing season at my stable, at Painesville , (formerly Chinquapin Church ) in Amelia county , and will be let to mares at five guineas the season, payable the twenty fifth day of December following; ten dollars the single leap to be paid down, and forty dollars to ensure a mare being in foal; the money for the insurance will be exacted if the property is changed; and in either case one dollar to the groom. Good and extensive pasture gratis, but I will not be responsible for accidents or escapes; mares fed upon reasonable terms, provided the money is sent with them. The season will commence the 1st of March and end the first of August following. JOHN JETTER.
As Wonder is a cripple and cannot conveniently travel, the following statement is added for the information of those who have not seen him, or any of his colts. We the subscribers are of opinion that the English horse Wonder , is one of the best of his kind in this part of the country; indeed we believe that his colts in general are of a superior size and form. Richard Pryor, J. H. Claiborne, John North, John Smith, B. Boisseau, Jr. Wm: Cudler, Thomas Atkinson, Robert Atkinson, Edward Watkins, R. Claiborne, Braddock Goodwyn, David Boisseau, Peter Manson, J. J. Thweatt, Manson Harwell, T. Thweatt, Armeated Burwell,
In 1796, Wonder then two years old, won the sweepstakes at York of fifty guineas each, for two years old, colts eight stone, fillies seven stone twelve pounds, six subscribers, beating Lord A. Hamilton's brother to Ratoon , and Mr. Louther's B. C. by Diomed , out of Tulip , twenty to one against the winner. In 1797, when 3 years old, carrying 8 stone 7 lbs. at Doncaster he beat Mr. Sitwell's  Commodore , eight stone the last half mile for 100 guineas. The same day he received forfeit from Mr. Barker's C. C.  Haphazard 8 stone each, 200 guineas each 2 miles. In 1798, he won the great produce subscription at York , of 200 guineas each five subscribers, four miles. In 1799 he won the sweepstakes at Stamford of ten guineas each, for all ages, beating Mr. Heathcote's  Water , eight subscribers, two miles. The same year he ran second in a sweepstakes at York , for twenty guineas each, seven subscribers, two miles, beating Lord A. Hamilton's colt by Walnut , out of Nun , Sir T. Gascoigne's  Maid of the Mill , and Abraham Newland , now called the Cock Fighter . In 1800, for the York Oatlands of 50 guineas each, he ran second to Cock Fighter , allowing him 7 pounds, beating Mr. Coodson's  Sir Harry , eleven subscribers, two miles. The same year at Doncaster , he beat Sir John Armitage's  Tartar , 100 guineas. The same year he challenged Mr. Johnson's  Sir Solomon , offering 5 pounds, 500 guineas two miles.
WONDER was lamed in training in 1801, and has never since started. He was bred by Lord Fitzwilliam , is 15 hands 3 inches high, full of bone, very handsome, and free from all natural blemishes. He is a dark chestnut sorrel, and is unquestionably as fine a horse as was ever imported into this country, and of as good a stock; and as a runner he is certainly exhibited well, having beaten Water , Cock Fighter , and Sir Harry , three distinguished races on the English turf. It will be observed that his dam was got by Diomed , and he is perhaps as nearly like his Grandfather as it is possible for one horse to be like another. Wonder covered two seasons in England, the first at two, and the last at five guineas, which strongly indicates his growing reputation as a foal getter. His superior size, his excellent form, his high pedigree and good performances as a racer, certainly entitle him to a rank among the best horses in this country.
Wonder was got by Phenomenon ; his dam (who was also the dam of Lord Fitz William's  Brown Fanny ) by Diomed —granddam by Marske ; Young Hag — Salomonia's dam by Skim ; Old Hag ; Hydra's dam by Crab ; Ebony by Childers , out of Old Ebony by Basto . Phenomenon was got by King Herod ; his dam Phrenzy by Eclipse ; her dam by Engineer ; granddam by Blank — Lass of the Mill by Traveller — Miss Markelless by Greyhound — Partisan — Woodcock — Croft's dam Barb — Markelless — Brimmer — Dickey  Pierson , son of Doddsworth — Burton's  Barb mare. Taken from the General Stud Book .
Twenty dollars will be received, for the season, if paid when the mare is covered. August 2d 1809. J. J.
NOTICE. —A petition will be presented to the next General Assembly, praying that a law may pass for selling the lands of Samuel Dixon , deceased, lying in the county of Hanover . The object of the said intended sale is to make a more beneficial division of the subject among the subscribers, Mary Richard , Henry St. John Dixon , George Dixon , Dixon , Rosanna Dixon and George Dixon, Jr. (who are the only heirs at law of the said Samuel Dixon ) than it is believed can otherwise be effected, as the said Samuel Dixon died intestate, and some of the said subscribers are infants, and the said lands not susceptible of an advantageous division. Mary Richard. Henry St. John Dixon. George Dixon. George Dixon, Junr. } By their nearest friend and } John Richard Rosanna Dixon, } October 6th, 1809. wtf
NOTICE. —I intend to petition the legislature at their next session for leave to convert one of my mills on Bear Garden Creek , near New Canton , into a manufacturing mill, which shall be exempt from the necessity of grinding corn, while the other is kept for that purpose. RANDOLPH HARRISON October 3d, 1809. wtf
FOR SALE AT THIS OFFICE, A FEW HANDSOME COPIES OF GIBBON'S DECLINE & FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE; To which is added, (in this edition only) THE VERY INTERESTING LIFE OF THE AUTHOR, written by HIMSELF, Eight Vols, Large Octavo, Price 22 Dol. large