Virginia Argus (Richmond, Va.), 1805-10-23 00:00:00

VIRGINIA ARGUS
[Vol. XII.]
A FREE PRESS MAINTAINS THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE PEOPLE.
[1201.]
RICHMOND:—PRINTED (ON WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS) BY SAMUEL PLEASANTS, JUNIOR, PRINTER TO THE COMMONWEALTH.
[Four Dollars Per Annum....paid in advance.]
WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 29, 1805.
[12 1-2 Cents Single.]
EDUCATION OF YOUNG LADIES, AT WILLIAMSBURG.
N. B. On account of the sickness of the season, the time for receiving pupils will be extended to the 10th of November.
FEMALE Education, which, till lately, was too little attended to, appears now to have become an object universally interesting. In Europe it is not uncommon to consign one half of a young lady's fortune to useful and ornamental accomplishments; and in our own country also, parents seem rapidly adopting the opinion, that a large portion of the sum they intend for their daughters, may wisely be appropriated to their education. The idea perhaps is just. What husband does not feel enjoyment in the addition of a few hundred pounds to his estate? What parent is not sensible that his satisfaction and peace of mind depend directly on that amiable deportment and general good conduct of his daughters, which result from an amiable deportment and general good conduct? Nor are these all, nor even the greatest benefits that flow from this fertile source. She, whom the wise and affectionate guardians of her youth have rendered rich in intellectual acquisitions and the elegant arts of personal accomplishment, can never become poor. She possesses a resource of which no vicissitude of fortune can deprive her. She enjoys a patrimony which can neither be exhausted by time, nor diminished by accident; but which, after having proved a refuge from misfortune for the mother, commonly descends in rich inheritance to her children.
Impressed with the truth and importance of these considerations, Mr. & Mrs. Anderson have devoted a large portion of their time and attention to the establishment of a school for the general improvement of young ladies. Having daughters of their own to educate, and viewing that object as the most serious business of their lives, they are personally interested in the arrangements they are making; and they judge from their own feelings, that they render an acceptable service to society, in forming a seminary, where polite literature and the arts of personal improvement may be equally cultivated. They frankly own that they have sought less to produce an economical establishment than to render their institution consonant to the wishes of those who desire a good situation for the education of their daughters. They have accordingly engaged the assistance of the most eminent instructors in the several branches of female education, and made a liberal provision for every object which might conduce to the success of their undertaking. Their establishment will probably be most acceptable to those who have no disposition to make economy a principal consideration; but it is just to acknowledge, that on this subject they have hitherto experienced from parents the utmost liberality of sentiment.
A regard for the interest and improvement of his native city, and a just attachment to its amiable and excellent society, together with the conviction of its being, for education in general, the most favorable situation of this and the neighboring southern and western states, induce Mr. Anderson to the following observations. The advantages which Williamsburg at this time possesses with regard to youthful improvement, and the rational enjoyments of social intercourse, unattended with the dissipation incident to large towns, give it a just claim to parental attention. Many individuals, particularly such who have a numerous family to educate, might find it interesting to make it their permanent or temporary residence. Several convenient dwellings may at present be obtained on moderate terms; and as far as relates to Mr. and Mrs. A.'s institution, all charges for tuition shall be made at half price for those young ladies whose parents are induced on their account to reside in town. To those who cannot thus become the immediate guardians of their children, Mr. and Mrs. A. offer (for a number of young ladies) a situation under their own roof, where it has been endeavored to assemble every advantage which can render improvement easy, agreeable and certain.
N. B. The young ladies who have obtained permission of absence for a summer visit to their friends, are requested to be punctual in their return by the 10th November. 4m Sept. 13.
LAND FOR SALE, IN ALBEMARLE.
ON the 4th day of December next, if fair, if not, the next fair day, will be sold, to the highest bidder, at the late dwelling house of Richard H. Allen, on Mychuck Creek, the Land whereon he lived, containing about 730 acres, a considerable part of which is excellent bottom, some now in timber, and about 20 acres adjoining the present meadow may be cleared & put into grass. The plantation is now in good farming order, having upwards of 200 acres of cleared land, the greater part of which has lately been cleared, and cultivated in regular rotation—There is on this farm a small bearing apple orchard of choice winter fruit. The improvements are all good, and calculated for the accommodation of a genteel family. The houses are secured against fire, and a very good well of water in the yard. This farm is situated in a genteel & sociable neighborhood, within 3 miles of the S. W. Mountains, 9 of Milton and the Rivanna river, 15 of Charlottesville, 30 of Columbia and 3 of the Merry Mills; it also lies adjoining a valuable range for stock, and near a vein of limestone. It will be sold on a credit of five years, in four equal payments, the first to fall due two years from the day of sale, and the balance in three annual payments from the day on which the first payment falls due. Good personal security will be required on one fourth of the purchase money, as also a mortgage on the property for the amount of the purchase. This land will be shown by the executors or by the overseer on the farm.
On the same day and at the same place,
WILL BE SOLD, To the highest bidder, on 12 months credit, all the CROP of corn, wheat, tobacco, oats, hay, fodder, and STOCK of every description—among which are some valuable horses, colts and mules, cattle and sheep, some pigs, and young hogs, every species of household and kitchen FURNITURE, a new Waggon and Gear, plantation Tools, &c.—Bonds with approved security will be required, to bear interest from the date if not punctually paid.
DARBY MINOR. ALEXANDER GARRETT, } Ex'rs. October 8, 1805. 11D
NOTICE.
All persons having legal claims against the late James Baker, of Caroline county, will please to make them known to the subscribers immediately that provision may be made for their payment.
WM. SMITH. PARNENAS ROGERS.
Caroline, 34 Feb. 1805. w4
For Rent, for the ensuing year,
TWO TENEMENTS:
One at the lower end of the basin, near the cold spring, occupied by the subscriber as a grocery ever since it was erected, and is inferior to but few in the city for that business. The other tenement, (occupied the present year by Mr. Thomas Underwood, Jr.) is adjacent to the grocery, and pleasantly situated for a genteel private family—the two tenements may be taken together or separately. Possession of the grocery may be had at any time between this and the 1st day of December, and of the private dwelling the 15th of January next. I will SELL one or two TENEMENTS, on the canal, near the public warehouse—for further particulars apply to
Archelaus Hughes. Richmond, October 1, 180, 1805. wtf
NOTICE.
A PETITION will be presented to the General Assembly of Virginia, at the next session, praying that an act may pass to incorporate a company for the purpose of cutting a Canal on the south side of the falls of James River, or otherwise improving the navigation of the river for the passage of Batteaux; and also for the establishment of a Bank in the town of Manchester. August 13.
BLANK BONDS
For sale at this office.
THE DYING CONFESSION OF CHARLES CUNNINGHAM,
Aged about 19 years—who was executed at York-town, (Penn.) on the 19th day of September, 1805, for the murder of Joseph Rothrock, taken from his own mouth, by his particular desire, in the presence of the high Sheriff of the county, a few days before his execution.
I can give no clear account of my parentage—I found myself in the poor house at Belleair, in Hartford county, state of Maryland, when I was about 3 years of age; I remained there, as I have since been informed, about 1 year; I was taken from the poor-house, by Samuel Collins, and brought into Hopewell township, York county, and bound by the overseers of the poor, to William Collins, the elder, who acted, a good part towards me, 'til his death, which happened about 8 years afterwards. I then fell into hands of William Collins, the younger, with whom I lived till the month of October, 1798, when, with the consent of my master, I enlisted with Capt. Andrew Johnson, of the 10th regiment—the reason was, because my master and I were tired of each other. I was lazy and idle, got often chastised, and frequently ran away. While I was in Collins' family, I had a good example set before me, and such care was taken of my morals, as prevented me from swearing, stealing, and such crimes as were punishable by the laws. As soon as I got into the army, the impressions made in early life, began to wear off, and following the bent of my own inclinations, and the example of the soldiery, cursing, swearing, lying, and stealing, soon became familiar to me. All reverence for God, and his laws, forsook me, and I became to a great degree profane and wicked. I was about 10 months in the army. When the regiment was disbanded, I was sold by my master William Collins, to John Eichelberger, innkeeper, in the borough of York, for 7 years. While I was in the 10th regiment, I was kept to my duty, and nothing material happened to me, except that I was once tried by a court-martial, and sentenced to receive 25 lashes, which was inflicted on me. This had no effect. I lived 2 years and a half with Mr. Eichelberger, where I was plentifully supplied with every thing, and therefore had no temptation to steal. During this time, I had no work to do, and found time enough to associate with bad company, particularly with Mr. Dinkle's Isaac, who is now in the cells. We frequently went through the streets at night, everthrowing carriages, water vessels, stones, &c. Once in particular, in the fall of 1801, I went in company with Isaac one night to Mr. Rothrock's, and he threw down some stones, which were set up before the door; after that, we went to the commons, back of Rothrock's lot, and then Isaac endeavored to persuade me to join him to get some fire, & burn several stacks of grain, standing in a field next the commons, and belonging to Herman Updegraff, as I understood. I refused, and endeavored to dissuade Isaac, by saying that it was wrong to destroy property that way; and, if we did any more mischief, it ought to be such as would not be so injurious to property. Isaac reluctantly gave over the design; but I confess it was not owing to any goodness in me, but to God's providence, that Updegraff's property was saved from destruction that night. I have mentioned this not to do Isaac any harm, but to ease my conscience, and to warn the inhabitants of York, in case Isaac should again come among them.
I also went one night in company with a boy, called Amor Simcox, to Mr. Shultz's rope-walk, and cut a considerable quantity of unfinished work to pieces, and threw it into the creek. We frequently stole outlines, and the fish that were on the hooks. At this time, I kept the worst company, particularly black Isaac & Simcox. They continually encouraged me in wickedness, to which I was naturally prone. They advised me to steal, to run away, and to practice every evil.
When I had served Mr. Eichelberger two years and a half, it was put into my head, that he had no right to keep me, and I ran away. The first 3 days, I lurked about York, slept in barns and lived on fruit. I then went towards Hanover, and was near being taken up for a run-away, but I got off by swearing & lying. I went on to Baltimore, and thence towards Frederickstown, and I was employed on the road, by a Jacob Grove, as hostler for a month. I then went into Virginia, and journeying from place to place, I came at last to Alexandria, and then to the city of Washington, where I got in the employ of Frederick Bates, to drive a cart, and remained about 10 days. I then went through Fredericksburg, in Virginia, towards Richmond, and hired on the way with a Frenchman, whose name is Galvan, with whom I stayed about 10 days. From thence I went to Richmond, and enlisted, to guard the state prison, by the name of
John Smith, which I had assumed at Hanover. I continued 18 months in that service, during which time, I was sentenced to receive 35 lashes, for suffering a prisoner to escape, and was twice flogged afterwards. I at last deserted, and intended to return to my master at York. When I arrived within 5 miles of that place, I became apprehensive of being punished for running away, and I went to Baltimore. When I came within 7 miles of Baltimore, I hired with an innkeeper, called Solomon Smuck, & stayed with him about 12 days; but, being accused with stealing money (of which I was innocent) I left him, went to Baltimore, and from thence through Belleair to my old master Collins. From there I went to Lancaster, then to Philadelphia, where I was enlisted in the marine service. I was shortly afterwards taken to the city of Washington, where I remained 5 months, and deserted. Then I returned to York, to my master, Mr. Eichelberger, having been absent about 2 years and 10 months. I arrived at home on the 10th of April last, being in the 19th year of my unhappy life; having lived regardless of God and religion, in the constant practice of vice. I entered into my master's service again; my mind had by this time become so exceedingly depraved, and my conscience so dreadfully hardened, that I was not long in York, before I began to resolve on the most desperate deeds. Some boys had given me offence, particularly Michael Hahn, Michael Spangler, and another boy, named John Cooks. I made the bloody determination in my own mind, and firmly resolved, that if any of them offended me again, his life was gone; and I think it was a particular providence which saved them, for they let me alone afterwards, which if they had not done, I would most assuredly have accomplished my purpose; for if I could not have taken their lives, at the time of the offence, I had fully resolved to wait and watch, till an opportunity offered. God's grace, and not my own goodness, prevented my design, and saved the lives of those boys. Michael Hahn, particularly, was nearly gone several times. Two other boys, George Doll, and Jacob Poulley, had offended me, and I had determined to punish them also, with death, or severe beating, in case they gave me further provocation. They were preserved by heaven, otherwise I should have had their blood to answer for.
I had contracted a habit of drinking strong liquors, and on the 16th of May, I had been gaming with boys, for small sums of money. On the evening of that fatal day, Joseph Rothrock came to Mr. Dinkle's pavement, and beckoned me to play at husslecap; we went, together with an apprentice boy to Mr. George Herbach's, into Eichelberger's kitchen. I won some money and a knife from the apprentice, and he went away. Joseph Rothrock, still insisted to play on, but I was afraid that Mr. Eichelberger would come in, we agreed to go to Christian Hecken-dorn's. We arrived there between 8 and 9 o'clock. As soon as we entered the house, I called for half a gill of whiskey, but they refused to give it without the money—I swore by G-d that here was the money; then they brought it immediately. I then drank some of it, and Joseph Rothrock drank the rest. One of us proposed to throw husslecap—I do not know which of us proposed it first, but we both agreed to it and each of us put in four cents. I won two or three games; then Rothrock got warm, and insisted to play for more at a time. I won all his money—He then offered to sell me a silver brooch, which I bought for 11 cents. After I won that money, I bought a box from him for 9 cents, and won that money also. We then exchanged handkerchiefs, and I gave him eleven pence to boot. When I had won that from him of the greater part of it, he insisted to play with them, and asked Mrs. Hecken-dorn for them—Her son John got them; when we began to play with the dice, Joseph Rothrock won some money from me, with which he bought back his brooch and box, and had about one shilling and four pence besides. After that he seemed unwilling to play any more. A dispute arose betwixt us, and I struck him on the mouth. We had before this time, two gills of whiskey, and two pints of cyderoyal. Just before we left the house, I pushed him again, and he called in another pint of cyderoyal, which, after he had drank some himself, he offered me, but I refused to drink and said I had drank enough—I think I cursed him. I was in liquor, though as well in my senses as I now am. We then agreed to go home. He said he did not know whether he should go to his father's, or to Mr. Fash's where he had staid for some time. We left Hecken-dorn's together, and came up to Clark's corner. Joseph Rothrock wished to go to Eichelberger's, but I would not, but proposed to go to Schlosser's, where we would get cakes, beer, and apples. I must here mention, that when we were playing with the dice at Hecken-dorn's, John Hecken-dorn assisted to count the game, and I
thought they cheated me. It then came for the first time into my mind, to do the dreadful act for which I am shortly to suffer; for my mind was turned against him, But I did not immediately resolve upon it, as a thing certainly to be done. But, when we left Clark's corner, I was resolved to make friends with or kill him, before we parted; and that was my intention in taking him towards Schlosser's. He seemed unwilling to go, but at my request he went. I held him by the left hand with my right, and we walked down together past Schlosser's, but did not stop. By this time I had decided in my own mind, that his life was gone. I therefore took him into an alley, between Beyer and Water streets. He pleaded, and begged not to go; but I had him still by the hand, and insisted to go on. I had resolved to kill him in that alley, but had not fixed on the spot. The knife I had won from the apprentice boy, as I have before mentioned, was in my pocket; I took it out, and had it in my hand to stab him with it, but it fell out of my hand which I sincerely believe was by God's direction. I now come to that dreadful part of my story, which is almost too horrible to relate, but which I must make known, that my crime and my punishment may be a warning to others. It had rained a little, was exceedingly dark, & thundered and lightened at a distance. I stooped down to search for my knife, but could not find it. When I arose, Joseph Rothrock refused to go any further, but I pulled him along by force, and I felt my resolution to kill him, getting stronger and stronger, till at last, letting go his hand suddenly, I sprang upon him, and grasped him by the neck with both my hands, placing both my thumbs in his throat, and squeezing with all my might, until he fell down, and appeared to be dead. I did not then intend any further violence against him, but was considering how to conceal the dead body; but, before I had determined on any thing, he appeared to be coming to life again. I believe (but cannot certainly remember) that I caught him again by the throat; but, recollecting that I had a small piece of twine, in my pocket, 12 or 18 inches long, I took it out, and tied it about his neck, as tight as I could draw it, for I was resolved he should not be long in pain. After that, I began to reflect that I had committed murder, and what would be my doom—Yet so dreadfully was I infatuated and hardened, thinking he might not yet be dead, I stooped down, and caught him by his arms, near the shoulders, and with his face downwards, I lifted him up, and dashed him upon the ground 4 or 5 times with all my might. After that I was convinced that he was fully dead—I then knew that murder was committed in the highest degree—my conscience told me so, and that it would be deemed murder with malice aforethought, and of the most aggravated kind. Thinking now it would not make the matter worse, I took his brooch, box, and handkerchiefs. I then committed a most horrid indignity on the dead body, for which I can no otherwise account, than that it was done by the immediate instigation of the Devil. In a few minutes afterwards, I resolved to put him in the creek, to conceal my crime, and for that purpose took him on my shoulder; he fell off once or twice, but I at last came with him to the water, and waded in up to my knees, or higher—I then plunged him in head-foremost!
It was now about 12 o'clock. I returned to John Eichelberger's and lodged in the stable till morning. When I awoke I was at a loss what to do; and, as soon as it was sufficiently light, I got up, and found that my wadsworth was bloody, which I had not observed before. I then considered that I had committed murder, and would be discovered, if I staid. I therefore soon concluded to go off. It had not come into my mind to go off, before I discovered the blood. My pantaloons were also bloody—and to conceal it, I put another pair on over them. The bloody wadsworth, with the brooch and some money, I rolled up and hid in the hay, and put on another that I had; and, saying within myself farewell, I jumped over the fence of the lot, and got into the street. This was early in the morning. I went up Philadelphia street, and across the fields to Dreb's mill. This was on Friday. I wandered about in the woods, and at last lay down by the side of a log, not far from Mr. Johnston's field, where I continued until it was nearly dark. I felt a desire to go off but hesitated. My guilt disturbed my mind, and I could not determine to leave the country. I slept that night in a barn, and next day saw two boys pitching pennies. I joined them, and won some of their money. I was then about 4 or 5 miles from York. That night being Saturday night, I lodged at one Fried's tavern, where I fell in company with some Negroes, and lost all my money with them at pitch-penny. I then at different times borrowed from the landlord 18s. 9d. which I had also lost at the same game. I passed again by the name
NOTICE, that I intend to leave this state in the course of ten or fifteen days, and to move to the state of Tennessee—I have therefore appointed my friend Edward Burnett, of Chesterfield county, my agent in this state, who will collect and pay all my debts.
Joseph Roper. All persons having claims against the above mentioned Joseph Roper, are desired to apply to me for settlement; and those indebted are desired to make to me immediate payment, as no indulgence will be allowed.
Edward Burnett, Attorney in fact for John Roper. Also, I am attorney in fact for John Roper, who left this place some time ago, and went to the state of Tennessee, and will settle with all persons having claims against the said John Roper. E. BURNETT, Atty, &c. Chesterfield, 5th Oct. 1805. w3
At a Court of Quarterly Session, continued and held for the county of Amelia, on Friday the twenty-third day of August, 1805.
Daniel Wilson, ex'rs. of the last will and testament of Claiborne Anderson, dec'd Against Thomas Webster and Peter Webster, } Compts. defts
THIS day came the complainant by his counsel, and the defendant Thomas not having entered his appearance and given security according to the act of assembly in such case made and provided, and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that the said Thomas is not an inhabitant of this commonwealth. Therefore on the motion of the complainant by his counsel aforesaid, It is ordered, that the said defendant Thomas do appear here on the fourth Thursday in November next and answer the bill of the complainant; and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in some one of the newspapers published in the city of Richmond, for two months successively, and posted at the front door of the courthouse of this county on two several court days. A copy—Teste,
JAMES TOWNES, Jr. G. A. G.
CODD'S CELEBRATED PATENT METALLIC HONES, Are for sale at this Office.
ADVERTISEMENT.
WILL be SOLD, agreeable to law, a Hogshead of TOBACCO, which has been deposited in Shockee Warehouse, over 2 years marked P. H. No. 125, 124, 1670, from Anhe. & Inspection.
MOSBY & YOUNG, Inspectors. Richmond, Oct. 12th. 1805. 3w
PURSUANT to a decree of the superior court of Chancery, for the Richmond District, will be SOLD, on Tuesday the 12th day of November next, on the premises, for ready money.
THE TRACT OF LAND
Which the late Stephen Southall lived on, between the City of Richmond and Westham, adjoining the plantation called Windsor, on which Mr. Dorrington resides, and was lately the property of Mr. Dant L. Hylton. This tract is supposed to contain about six hundred acres, but will be surveyed accurately & divided into Lots, a plat of which will be shewn on the day of Sale. The above tract of Land lies about 3 or 4 miles above Richmond.
JOHN C. HUBNER, BEN. SHEPPARD, } Com'rs. THOM. NORVELL, } October 19th. 1805. 3w
THE Medical Lectures in the University of Pennsylvania, will commence the second Monday in November. Oct. 10. 3r
PRINTING PAPER.
65 Reams Royal Printing Paper, for sale at this office. Oct. 17.

John Smith, and next morning gave the landlord an order on Mr. Eichelberger, for the money I owed him, which was something above 20s. From thence I went across the country to Weigle's town, & along the road towards Carlisle. At Ross town I stopped, and enquired for work, but got none. From thence I went to Mr. Leonard Eichelberger's, who knew me, having seen me in York. He asked me if I had been stealing; I said I had not. He gave me something to eat and drink. I then went to Carlisle, where I laid one day and night, and from thence went to Mount-Rock, and next morning to John Young's, where I laid all night, and part of next day (Thursday). I then went into Shippensburg, and hired with Mr. Rehm, innkeeper, at the rate of 18s. 9d. per month. I remained with him till Sunday following, when I was taken, and committed to the jail in York, where I now am. All this time, I felt an inclination to go further, for I was afraid to be taken, but I could not prevail on myself; something in my mind kept me back; and I did then, and do still think, that GOD was on Rothrock's side; for I might have been more than 500 miles distant, before I was taken. The hand of Providence kept me back, that murder might not go unpunished.
Thus have I made a faithful, and as far as I can recollect, an accurate confession, of all the circumstances of that dreadful crime, which my wicked heart prompted me to commit, and for which the just laws of the country cut me off, in the flower of my youth, as an awful example, and solemn warning to others.
Notwithstanding my wicked life, I have been often preserved from perils and danger. Once in particular, I rode a wild horse of Solomon Mayer's. The horse ran with me through many dangerous places, till at last he dashed his head against his owner's porch, and fell down dead, while I escaped unhurt. I now believe that God preserved me from death at that time, because my measure of iniquity was not yet full, and that I might by a public and shameful death, be made a warning to my wicked companions.
I feel it necessary to relate also, that while I was away from my master, having been disordered in my body, and tired of my wicked life, I bought a vial of laudanum from an apothecary at Georgetown, and resolved to drink it, that I might sleep, and wake no more. I had taken the cork out several times, with a design of swallowing the laudanum, but hesitated. At last I concluded to go to Fredericktown, and if I did not find some person who would relieve me there, I would then execute my purpose. I carried the vial in my hand, and stopping at a well to get a drink, I laid down the vial, while I took up the bucket. After I had quenched my thirst, I went on and forgot the vial, and thus Providence frustrated my intentions at that time. I have at several other times had it in my mind to destroy myself, but something always prevented it.
Now my life is at a close, I warn all persons from swearing and especially by the name of God, that they will commit a crime. Of the evil of this, I am a striking example; for shortly before I perpetrated the crime, for which I am so soon to suffer. I swore by God, in the presence of Mr. Martin Snyder, and his wife, that I would kill some person, or be killed, before I left York. These words were spoken through levity and wantonness, with no design, or thought of performing my oath. But mark what followed! This was on Sunday, and on Thursday night following, the fatal act was done, and my oath accomplished!
My days being now numbered, and but a few days remaining between me and eternity, I confess my sentence to be just, and that I die reconciled to all mankind, and hope I am forgiven, by all whom I have injured or offended. I feel an abhorrence of my past conduct, and hope that my awful fate, will be a profitable example to others. I bless God for his mercies to me, and that he did not suffer me to be cut off in the midst of my sins, but that he has allowed me time and space for repentance. I bless his name, for that he has awakened my conscience, and enabled me to hope for salvation through a redeemer, being fully persuaded that his grace is sufficient, to save the chief of sinners amongst whom I deserve to be numbered.
I have it in my power this day to declare, that so strong is my hope in salvation, that death is in some measure disarmed of its terrors. I feel thankful to God, that my career of sin and guilt is thus early stopped, for I tremble to think what dreadful crimes I might yet have committed, had my life been continued. I am thankful that I was not permitted to make my escape, being fully persuaded, that my condition is better.
I cannot depart from this world, without expressing my thanks to Mr. Dobbin, for his great care and anxiety for my eternal welfare. He put the gospel of truth, and other good books, into my hands. The Rev. Messrs. Georing and Calhoun, also deserve my utmost gratitude, for their earnest attention to the concerns of my immortal soul. The Lord reward them.
Before I now near 20 years old, I, in the presence of God, before whom I must shortly appear, tied myself bound, to advise all youth, to guard against keeping bad company, swearing, idleness, drinking, and so forth, breaking, for these are the seeds of destruction, and produce ruin; of which I am a dreadful example.
Amongst all my sufferings, I feel some consolation, that I leave no relation on earth, as far as I know, behind me to whom my shameful end will be a reproach—but I sink down into the grave, where all my shame and disgrace will be buried with me. And the Lord have mercy on my soul.
CHARLES CUNNINGHAM. Foreign Intelligence.
LONDON, Aug. 19. The Gazette of Saturday contains an order of council for the prorogation of parliament from the 22d inst. to the 17th of October.
Yesterday intelligence was received at the Admiralty, by the Telegraph, that the Victory, Lord Nelson, had arrived at Spithead about 8 o'clock in the morning. The ship in which he came home is placed under quarantine, but permission was given his lordship to come on shore.
Some further accounts from the coast were received yesterday by government, which tend still more to strengthen the belief that the attempt at invasion will speedily be made. The troops continue embarked on board the fleet in the Texel. Their number is about 25,000. Adm'l. Russel being reinforced with two more ships of the line, has sailed from Yarmouth Roads to proceed again to the Texel. The Bologne squadron, however, has returned to the Downs, but it will, no doubt, soon again resume its station.
A letter received by a respectable German house in this city, states, that the enemy have actually passed the Rhine, and seized a quantity of English goods.
August 24. We have this day to announce the sailing of the combined fleet. This event rests upon the authority of a bulletin posted yesterday at Lloyd's.
Admiralty Office, Aug. 23. "Dispatches from Adm'l. Cornwallis, dated the 19th inst. received this morning, inclose a report from Captain Brice, of his majesty's ship Iris, of his having on the 13th, in the evening, seen the combined fleet of the enemy outside of Fersol harbor, consisting of 29 sail of the line, 5 frigates and 3 brigs, steering about W. N. W. and beating to windward. Capt. B. supposes from the confusion they were in, that they must have come out of the harbor that evening."
August 26. The dispatches brought last Friday by Mr. Ellsworth, the messenger, are now understood to be of the highest importance. They are stated to contain not only the ratification of the treaty between this country and the emperor Alexander, but an account of the demand of Austria of the latter for assistance, and the determination of the court of Petersburg to march a considerable army into the hereditary dominions to co-operate against France. It is even mentioned in private letters, that 60 thousand Russian troops had, on the 30th ult. commenced their march for Bonna. The same accounts add, that his Prussian majesty has declared his unalterable resolution to adhere to his favorite system of neutrality, and that Russia and Austria are not without hopes of prevailing upon him ultimately to join their confederacy against Bonaparte. In these statements we cannot but think there is a considerable degree of exaggeration. We not only doubt the actual march of a Russian army, but we can discover nothing in the past conduct of the king of Prussia, or in the general line of politics to which he is attached, to warrant the idea that he will not take part with France. It is, however, very probable, that the ratification of the treaty with Russia has been received by government. If Russia be determined upon carrying into effect with vigor and cordiality operations against France, it is time she should declare herself in a decisive tone; but whatever may be the conditions of the treaty, it is not at all likely they will transpire until the meeting of parliament.
Government was occupied the whole of last week, and is still employed in taking up a great number of transports. They are probably intended for the conveyance of troops to the Mediterranean, or to any other point where their services may be required; and we learn that a Russian squadron of 10 sail of the line is shortly expected to co-operate with us in the North seas. The transports are to rendezvous at the Nore.
The most active exertions are making to reinforce our grand fleet, and Admiral Cornwallis will shortly have 30 sail of the line under his command, exclusive of the 20 dispatched with sir R. Calder, Admiral Stirling sailed on Saturday in the Glory of 98 guns from Plymouth, and 3 more line of battle ships were ready to sail from Cawsand Bay. At Portsmouth, the Victory of 100, Bellona, Saturn, Hero and Repulse of 74 guns, will sail in the course of a few days. We understand that Lord Nelson will proceed to Plymouth to hoist his flag on board the San Josef, of 112 guns. His lordship is to resume his command in the Mediterranean with unlimited orders.
The following letter, with which we were this morning favored from an experienced and intelligent officer belonging to our squadron off Bologne, contains several interesting particulars worthy of notice. It is dated New Romney, August 24.
"We arrived last evening from off Bologne, where every thing remained in statu quo, except that about 30 of the enemy's vessels under French colors formed a junction with the Bologne flotilla on the 21st. inst. to the eastward. Several neu-
trals which we have spoken corroborate each other in the report, that 2 line of battle ships are ready for sea in the Texel, and 400 transports, with about 20000 cavalry already embarked. About 20,000 troops are also ready near Amsterdam and its vicinity. I really think a fleet ere next month is expired, will come up the channel to give us a little glory, when probably the craft in Bologne may attempt an invasion. There are two or three difficulties, however, that this attempt of theirs will most evidently have to contend with, be their attempt made when it may, to surmount which is not, thank God, exactly at their command. In the first place we have ascertained, that with all their invention and cunning, they cannot bring out more than 900 vessels from three harbors at Bologne at one tide, 300 from each; and these only at a spring tide. This is not one third of their number, and will lie open to the attack of our squadron the moment the second division of their flotilla begins to move out. Secondly—The tides are so various in the channel, setting such different ways, that it is impossible they can keep together; the attempt at keeping together will be the destruction of many of them; add to this the impossibility of landing on this shore the same tide. They must, therefore, in waiting the opportunity of landing, without a superior naval force to protect them, run the risk of total destruction, ere they reach the British shores."
"I have been thus particular to give satisfaction to the numerous enquiries of our friends, and to show you that every exertion and attention on the part of government is exerted against the worst of consequences. I assure you that the squadron on this important post, amounts to not less than 70 vessels of war, of different descriptions."
On Saturday, the letters brought by the Gottenburgh mail, on Friday, were delivered from the post office. The account of the defeat of the combined fleet had excited the most lively joy throughout Sweden. A Russian corps, the force of which is variously stated, was, it is said, on the 30th July on its march towards Austrian Poland.
A dissolution of Parliament was again very strongly reported yesterday among the best informed adherents of the administration.
Bonaparte reviewed a division of the army of England in the vicinity of Bologne on the 12th, and continued at that place, the following day.
FROM PHILADELPHIA, Oct. 17. Latest European Intelligence.
We are enabled to say before the readers of "The True American" this morning, European Intelligence to the 30th of August, from London papers to that date, received by the ship Benjamin Franklin.
The expectations of a continental war appear to gain strength daily in England. Bonaparte's writers have commenced their attacks on Austria and Russia. A late Moniteur observes, that the conduct of Austria in keeping up a formidable military force in the Tyrol and Italy, is tantamount to a declaration of war. This force, therefore, must be diminished or hostilities commence. The French government appears to have abandoned all hopes of preserving peace with Russia. We hear of no measure or expedient which has that object in view; but of restoring a good understanding with Austria, hopes are still entertained, and Talleyrand is exerting all his "diplomatic skill" for that purpose. The prospect of success is faint. The Emperor of Germany is prepared for war.—Novosiltzoff had not reached St. Petersburg at the last dates.
Intelligence had been received in England of the departure of the combined fleets from Ferrol, on the 13th of August. No account, however, had been received of their arrival at Cadiz. A day or two after the fleets left Ferrol, Ad. Calder appeared off there, with a squadron augmented to twenty sail of the line from Cornwallis's fleet. On finding that Gravina & Villeneuve had sailed, it is possible Calder might steer for Cadiz. There were various rumours as to the command which would be given to Lord Nelson.—Lord Keith had sailed to the North Sea.
LONDON, Aug. 28. The Moniteur gives the following intelligence, dated Bologne, August 13:
"Yesterday a brilliant action was fought between a small division of our flotilla and the English cruisers, which had been considerably reinforced."
"Admiral Lacrosse sent out at noon a division of five praams, 30 gun-boats, and about 40 pinnaces, armed with heavy howitzers. The Lieutenant of the Navy, Coquerebe, commanding one of the gun-boats of the guard, was at the head. Capt. Moras who commanded the whole squadron, sailed out above two leagues to meet the enemy. On seeing this movement one English ship of the line, two frigates, and about 30 brigs, ranged themselves in order of battle. The enemy tried several times to break our line, and threatened to run us down with his large ships; but seeing this did by no means frighten our seamen, he did not perform it. The action was most brisk, and the whole camp and the town here had the pleasure to see the enemy fight retreating, and our little squadron pursuing him several leagues out at sea."
"The frigates and ships of the enemy have received a number of shot, and an English brig has lost her main-top-mast. For this time the English shall not
say that our coast-batteries have given us the victory, as the little squadron was 2 leagues and a half from shore. Our ships have received no damage."
"The wind being very low, the sea calm and the attack made with the greatest activity, the enemy had to fear the getting into the midst of our line."
"The ardor which animates our land and sea forces is calculated to insure all manner of success. The ships and forts are not strong unless men of courage make them so."
"The Naval officers will certainly give an official account of this action."
"The alarm was general on the English coast. At one o'clock several frigates, corvettes and brigs got under weigh from Percy below the Downs; at four, 2 ships of the line, two frigates, and one brig, sailed from the Downs; and lastly, in the evening, there were sixty vessels of the enemy in sight. It is by such engagements that the flotilla acquires that confidence in its strength, that promptitude in its movements, and exactness in its manoeuvres, which will qualify it to act an important part in the event of our Naval wars."
It appears from the following notice, yesterday sent to Lloyd's Coffee house, that Admiral Cornwallis has had a short interview with the Bres' fleet.
Admiralty Office, Aug. 26, 1905.
"A letter from Admiral Cornwallis, dated the 22d inst. states, that on the preceding evening, the Bres' fleet, consisting of twenty one sail of line of battle ships, and four frigates appeared outside of the harbor. The Admiral anchored his fleet outside of the Black Rocks, and in the morning endeavored to bring the enemy (who were then under weigh) to action, but when their headmost ship was in gun shot she fired a broadside and tacked, the rest did the same, and took up their anchorage between the points at the entrance of Brest. An attempt was made to cut off the sternmost ships, but a heavy fire of shot and shells from their batteries prevented success."
As the enemy according to this statement, had not, when the account came away, retired to the inner harbor, it is probable they will make another attempt to come out, in which case we have no doubt of Admiral Cornwallis being able to give a good account of them.
August 30.
Some further dispatches were yesterday received at the Admiralty from Admiral Cornwallis, dated the 25th inst. At that time, the enemy had not made any fresh movements, nor had the gallant Admiral received any advice of the combined fleet. We understand, however, that the dispatches state the arrival of Admiral Sir Robert Calder off Ferrol; and this circumstance gave rise to a report, which was industriously circulated in the course of the afternoon, that the combined fleet had again returned to Ferrol, where they were blockaded by the British squadron. The master of the Trimmer cartel, arrived at Portsmouth from Corunna, states, that when he left that port on the 20th, there was not a single ship of the line there. The day after he sailed, he fell in with the Defiance, one of Sir Robert Calder's squadron, about seven leagues from Corunna. The former statement of our squadron having been off Ferrol on the 20th, appears therefore to have been correct. The cartel neither saw nor heard any thing of the combined squadrons. It is the opinion of Lord Nelson, that they may have got into Rochefort; but no certain information received. Had they steered direct for Brest, they would, in all probability have fallen in with Admiral Calder, and must have reached the port long before Admiral Cornwallis's last dispatch. It is therefore, not unreasonable to suppose, that they must either have got into Rochefort or Ferrol, or proceeded to the southward, on their way to the Mediterranean.
The affairs of the 22d, between Adm'l. Cornwallis, and the Bres' fleet, was more serious than the Bulletin published by Government, led us to suppose. The gallant Admiral himself, in the Ville de Paris, led the van, and had nearly cut off the French Rear Admiral. He was nobly supported by Sir R. Strachan, in the Caesar, who requested permission, by signal, to range next to him in the line. The other ships principally engaged were, the Namur, Captain, and Montague. The Captain had recently joined the fleet, and distinguished herself very much. Her fire was the most tremendous ever witnessed. She appeared one entire blaze. Part of a shell struck Admiral Cornwallis upon the breast, but fortunately it did him no injury. The Caesar had 3 men killed and 7 wounded. The Ville de Paris and the Namur had several wounded but none killed. They received several shot in their hulls and sails. The French fleet only advanced just outside their batteries when the action commenced; yet, had they not tacked and ran back so soon, a general engagement must have ensued, or several of them must have been taken. The enemy, no doubt, suffered severely as our fleet were enabled to rake them. The Montague, Captain Otway, followed them close in under their batteries, constantly exchanging shots with them.
NAPLES, Aug. 3. On Friday the 26th of July there was an earthquake in the greatest part of the kingdom, which was so violent, that since that of Calabria there has none been attended with similar devastation. In the city of Naples 300 houses have become uninhabitable, and upwards of 4000 are much damaged; 40 churches have been shaken to their very foundations. The number of persons who have perished by
the fall of the buildings is not very great in this capital, but in some inland towns, which are entirely destroyed, the inhabitants have nearly all lost their lives. The small town of Ischia, in the province of Molise, is nothing but a heap of ruins, and upwards of 1500 persons have perished there. At Campo Basso, and at Bajano, in the same province, most of the inhabitants were destroyed. Avelino, Monte-sarchio, Benevento, and Avella, have suffered amazingly. At Santa Maria de Capua (the ancient Capua) a whole company of cavalry were buried under the ruins of their barracks. At Caserta the upper stories of the houses tumbled down, and the fine palace is so much damaged, that it is fearful it cannot stand. The letters from Puglia and Calabria state that these provinces have only experienced a slight shock. Since the 16th of July, Naples presents a very unusual, and indeed a dreadful spectacle. All the inhabitants remain both night and day without their houses, in the plains and roads near the city. They have, during that time, slept in carriages, or on the bare ground. The general distress has risen to the highest pitch; and it is certain that if the earthquake had been followed by some more shocks, the whole city of Naples would have been destroyed. In the midst of the greatest distress which has taken place ever since that moment, the highest public order has been preserved, thanks to the vigilance and courage of the duke of Ascoli, chief intendant of the general police. The Bazzaroni have not committed a single robbery or murder.
WASHINGTON CITY, Oct. 13.
We understand that on the fifteenth of August, Mr. Monroe, our minister at London had an interview with Lord Mulgrave, the British secretary of state for Foreign Affairs, on the subject of the recent captures, when it appeared that no new order had been issued, but that they proceeded from the decisions recently made in the high court of appeals, subjecting the trade between European hostile countries and their colonies through a neutral state to a much narrower rule than had been before contemplated. At this interview the subject was not discussed in detail between Mr. Monroe and the minister, but the latter assured him that there was nothing in the disposition of his government which would admit of an unfriendly measure against the U. States.
Another conference, having been requested by Mr. Monroe for the purpose of entering more fully into the affair, it remains to be seen what will be the issue of this important business.
CHILLICOTHE (OHIO) Sept. 30.
The present aspect of our state affords a scene of happiness surpassing, we believe, that of any other in the union. The voice of discord is unheard amongst us. Peace and plenty smile in every habitation. Our laws are wholesome, the people are happy; our government is wisely administered, the citizens are contented. Such may be denominated a perfect calm, and in this situation would we gladly remain, did not experience teach us, that such a state is but indicative of an approaching storm. In order to be prepared, now is the time to look out. The election is near at hand. Let our views be directed to the general good, not personal aggrandizement.
FROM THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER.
The last change in the government of France is seized as a fit occasion for depreciating the republican principles that prevail in the United States, and for reviling their most efficient advocates. To justify the awful predictions which are showered upon us under the influence of a prolific inspiration, an attempt is made to draw a parallel between the two countries. Because at one period of the French revolution republican principles prevailed, which have been followed by principles of monarchy, we are warned of our impending danger, and threatened with all the miseries which France has endured.
It is of some importance to dissipate the illusion with which these unceasing attempts to depreciate republicanism tend to distract the judgment of the people; as it may be assumed as certain, if their reverence for the great principles of republican institutions can once be destroyed, the transition to a state of vassalage will be short and easy.
Is there then any resemblance between the principles which have guided the two nations, or the measure of the two governments that justifies this alarming menace?
Under the monarchy of France abuse had arisen upon abuse, and infected every order in the state. A king, uncontrolled by any representative body, and whose will was law, a nobility the most extensively ramified, and a numerous priesthood, had for ages ruled a great nation with the sternest political oppression.
The vanity of the Grand Monarch was by degrees successfully addressed by the literary men that arose in France, who, artfully directing their satire and reason against a hierarchy, which the court wished to humble, gained his confidence and were thence emboldened to extend their animadversions to political objects. Under the banners of these men the old system was overturned; and while they were at the helm, let it be recollected, to their honor, that the revolution was not stained by a single excess. It remained unsullied until the surrounding monarchs marched their armies to restore the old order of things. The vast armies they carried towards the borders, and even into the in-

terior of France, was the immediate cause of the death of Louis, and of warlike exertions by France on a scale equally large. It was at this period, when an immense standing army was embodied, that the crimes of the revolution commenced. They are strictly, and almost exclusively, to be traced to this source. The arms of the French were crowned with success. Military success is rarely accompanied by either humanity, justice, or moderation. It inspires lofty views, and a confidence in the triumph of force over all opposition. The spirit of the French people naturally martial was intoxicated with victory. The foolish and dangerous applause, so indiscriminately lavished on great generals, was dealt out by them with unreflecting prodigality; and they little dreamt that they were building up idols that would soon become the deadliest scourges of their country.
The scenes that ensued are fresh in the recollection of our readers. We need not therefore recapitulate them. They have ended in the overthrow of the republic, and in the establishment of monarchy. At these awful transitions the mind is too apt to indulge gloomy ideas. Because all that is hoped for is not gained, it is apprehended that everything is lost. But this is not true. It does not follow, because the fair fabric of liberty is overturned, that a hideous despotism prevails. It does not follow because a pure liberty has ceased to exist, that a gloomy slavery prevails. The truth is that although political liberty does not at present exist in France, the happiness of the people is more respected than it had been before for centuries under the old monarchy. The truth is that certain revolutionary principles are so deeply rooted, and their design effects so widely diffused, that their existence may be considered as fixed and permanent. Among these principles, are those which regulate the transmission of property, by which the vast accumulations in particular individuals, and classes are probably forever frustrated. Let it likewise be recollected that, under the present order of things, all monopolies are inhibited, and every species of human industry efficaciously protected; while every national resource is developed with a bold hand by the government. Although, therefore, the revolution has not made France a republic, it has unquestionably eminently promoted her happiness; and has, we may add, sown seeds that will one day make her one. Nature generally acts by unvarying laws. The work of ages is not overturned, in a day. And it may be in obedience to those principles that that despotism, which was the growth of many successive centuries, will require more than a few years to be entirely eradicated. The Revolution may be viewed as the first step towards this result; and if it has but accomplished it in part, so far from calling forth our denunciation, it merits our admiration and applause.
But the principal end of these remarks is to refute the idea that there is any analogy between the course pursued by the American and French nations. So far from discovering this analogy, we shall, on examination, scarcely find a feature in common between the two countries.
France at the period of her revolution was an oppressed nation; she was oppressed by a king, a priesthood, and an hereditary nobility, who monopolised more than half the fruits of the earth. In America we had no king, no priesthood, no nobility. We say no king, because the power of the king of England was scarcely more than nominal. We were also free, and always had been, from the oppressions endured by the French people.
The French people, at the period of the revolution, were totally, and had been for ages, deprived of the right of self-government.
The American people were in its full exercise. Every state had its assembly. The French people consisted of two orders, the rich and the poor, the former of whom were corrupted by luxury, and the latter debased by extreme indigence. In America there was little luxury and less poverty. Labor was the universal passport to independence.
The French people were uninformed. The American were enlightened.
Finally, in France, at the period of the revolution, a large portion of the people were interested in the overthrow of the republic; while in America the whole body of the people were deeply interested in its maintenance.
The different results of the two revolutions is, perhaps, best resolved by a consideration of the force of prejudice and habit. These powerful principles operated in the two revolutions in directions precisely the reverse of each other. In France, they constituted the love of monarchy as the gravitating power; while in America the gravitating principle was a love of liberty. Such is the wonderful accommodation of the human character to circumstances, that a corrupt state of society, after a long endurance, offers as many allurements, and creates as strong an attachment, as that which is founded in the highest wisdom and virtue. We all recollect the story of the old man, who had been buried in the Bastille for fifty years, during which he had not beheld the light of heaven. Restore me, said he, when he was liberated, restore me to my dungeon. Liberty has no longer charms for me. This declaration illustrates the feelings of a people debased by tyranny, it equally illustrates the invincible attachment of a virtuous and free people to the heritage of their fathers. Of course, we find, among
our countrymen, a love of liberty, not merely the offspring of reflection, but fortified by habit and even prejudice, until it has become, as it were, one of the elements of their existence. Let us not then repress our surprise at the success of one revolution and the failure of the other, as the very causes which established the one led to the subversion of the other.
VIRGINIA ARGUS.
RICHMOND:
WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 23, 1805.
RICHMOND PRICE CURRENT.
 CORRECTED WEEKLY.  Tobacco, 30s to 32s Cash.  Wheat, 7s 6d do.  Flour, fine, 39s do.  Flour, superfine, 42s do.  Corn, 30s do.  Hemp, (clean) £ 52 do.  Iron, £ 35 do.  Bacon, 15d do.  Whiskey, 3s 6d do. 
Extract of a letter from a house of the very first respectability in Liverpool, to their correspondents in Philadelphia, dated August 1.
Several American vessels bound from French and Spanish ports in the West-Indies to the continent of Europe, have of late been detained and brought into this country by the British cruisers on account of their carrying on a trade in the present time of war, that they were not entitled to do in the time of peace. Some of these vessels have been condemned, but in consequence of a representation from the American merchants to the privy council, an order is just issued, a copy of which we have to communicate to you, as follows:
"That all ships that may now be on their passage, or may clear out from the Havanna, &c. prior to the 1st November next, should be protected from molestation by British cruisers, and from condemnation in the courts of admiralty; and to the commanders of his majesty's ships of war and privateers, requiring them not to molest or detain any such vessels, which shall have been so cleared out prior to the 1st of November next; and in case any vessels under these circumstances shall have been seized, and brought before any court of admiralty, the same be forthwith liberated upon proof being exhibited that they were cleared out from these countries prior to the said 1st day of November next."
An extract of a letter from a respectable American Gentleman now in London.
"I AM very sorry to inform you that from twenty to twenty-five sail of American ships have been brought into this and the out ports of this Island, for adjudication, several of the captains of which I have conversed with: they say that when taken, they were told there was an order to capture all Americans having on board colonial produce—and according to a decision of Sir Wm. Scott, all West India produce is colonial property, as well as much of the East-Indies; and that no transfer in time of war can make it otherwise. By the law of nations, he says, they have a right to distress and injure their enemy in any way they please. He observes, they do not injure the neutral nation by taking from them property obtained during the war because the neutral was not suffered to trade with those colonies for the same article in time of peace: therefore the privilege we now have must be in consequence of their arms, the advantages of which they have a right to claim!—When I was in Spain, I saw the captain of the ship Eagle, which loaded and sailed from Liverpool the 20th of March, bound up the Straits: she was taken and carried into Algiers, the cargo condemned, and the captain received his freight—altho' it was proved to be English property. I mention this merely to show what different constructions are given to the law of nations. Some persons here have insured against British captures, and have sued the underwriters; but as soon as the case appeared, the judge told them it was not worth while to argue the cause, for that no judge could be bound to make good any thing lost in consequence of acting contrary to the laws of his own country; so that no insurance against British captures, tho' made for the express purpose, is binding on any person in this country. It is said that an order has passed forbidding the capture of any more of our vessels till November next, that we may have time for notice. But should my countrymen either now or then submit to their explanation of the law of nations, there is an end to all the benefits of neutrality. It is true I am from home, and have navigation among the English; but if a non intercourse act should take place, let my navigation take its chance. We can certainly fight England better without guns, than any other nation can with, and perhaps we never shall have so good an opportunity as the present. It is acknowledged here by all parties, that their manufactures would be ruined, should such a thing take place in America; and if the English did not give up their pretensions thus to restrict us, in three months, I would be willing to forfeit all I have, the fourth month."
The Contrast. —The advocates of aristocracy and monarchy are continually bawling out against the republican governments and republican institutions. Kingly governments, say they, are strong, energetic and commanding; whilst those of a republican nature, are feeble, fluctuating and inconsistent. Such sentiments may grace the palace of St. James, and be swallowed with avidity by the imperial court of the Thuileries; but can never command the esteem, nor the reverence of a true hearted American. The excellence of a government may be estimated in proportion to the protection yielded to the governed, and the ease with which fiscal exactions are made. A people cannot be happy where exorbitant taxes are levied; and where the fruits acquired by the "sweat of the brow," are exacted to gild the pockets of sinecure officers, and governmental sycophancy. With this criterion before us, we ask, who is most happy, the British or American citizens? As an answer to the question, let the following extracts be read. The first is additional duties levied in England, for the payment of the interest of a loan of 22,500,000. recently ordered to be raised for the support of government. The other is an extract from Jefferson's last inaugural speech, on the subject of taxes:
"The interest of this loan is provided for by the following new taxes: An addition of 1d. on all single letters by the post, 2d. on foreign letters, and 1d. on two penny letters—5d. a bushel on salt consumed at home, and 6d. a bushel on salt exported to any part of Europe—8s on pleasure horses in addition to the 40s paid at present—one per cent. upon direct legacies, which formerly paid no duty—one per cent. on legacies charged on land—and, in place of eight, ten per cent. on legacies to strangers in blood."
Extract from Mr. Jefferson's inaugural speech.
"At home fellow citizens you best know whe-
ther we have done well or ill. The suppression of unnecessary offices; of useless establishments and expenses, enabled us to discontinue our internal taxes. These covering our land with officers, and opening our doors to their intrusions, had already begun that process of domestic vacillation, which once entered, is scarcely to be restrained from reaching successively every article of produce and property."
What a contrast! The American republic, happy, prosperous, and growing into mighty importance; while destruction, bankruptcy, and oppressive burthens, threaten the annihilation of the British nation. Tax upon tax are levied upon all classes of people—they must be paid, and the payment robs them of that which thousands want to procure the necessaries of life. But in America it is very different. We may say the language of our worthy president; and ask, "what farmer, what mechanic, what labourer sees a gatherer of the United States!" Our wise and economical internal and external regulations have enabled government to discontinue all internal taxes, and at the same time rapidly to diminish the national debt. But in Great Britain, with a revenue of 23,000,000. sterling, a loan of nearly that amount is required to defray the ordinary expenses of government. O prodigality, where is thy blush!
Who then would exchange our pure representative system of government, for that of monarchy or aristocracy? The unfeeling wretch, who would riot on the misery of his fellow citizens, who could obtain some permanent office near the throne, and be placed beyond the caprice of fortune, perhaps will answer I. But the philanthropist, the man whose breast glows with a patriotic ardor for the happiness of the human race, whose soul has been taught "to feel another's woe," will exclaim not I. Let then those who snarl at our administration of government, who look and speak contemptuously of our republican government, who contend that there is no virtue in the mass of society, and who say that the iron rod of a despot is necessary to keep them in subjection, fly to European countries, let them visit every country in every climate, and they will be compelled to say, if they speak the truth, AMERICANS, YOU ARE THE HAPPIEST PEOPLE ON EARTH!—Gen. of Freedom.
Federal Humanity. —There is no greater evidence of the malignity of the federalists than their finding fault with every thing done under the present administration. They appear desirous to make difficulties and excite jealousies on all occasions. Who could think, that the important business of Tripoli in the release of our unhappy Captives should now become the theme of dissatisfaction! That Gen. Eaton and Mr. Lear should be set at variance and conjectures of the most uncharitable nature, should be raised to make a difference between them! The letter of Commodore Barron, is an authentic Document, which one would suppose, would place this transaction in a proper point of view, and that the Ex-Bashaw and Eaton could not have any reason of complaint after such an explicit avowal of the intentions of government in aiding their enterprise. The federalists say, the Bashaw would not have executed his threat of putting our prisoners to death, in case we drove him to extremities; but are the lives of 300 citizens to be thus placed at hazard, when they could be secured at the sum of 60,000 dollars! If the present Bashaw was capable of driving his brother from the government—had usurped his authority—taken his wife and children prisoners, and exercised every act of cruelty to maintain his prerogative, how absurd is it to suppose that he would not sacrifice in a patriotism of revenge our unfortunate citizens! If he was brutal enough to do what he did to his own brother for the government, why should we not apprehend he would put in execution his diabolical threats when in danger of being driven from it: The federalists are very humane when it serves their purposes. Before the peace, they were constantly exclaiming against the government for not ransoming our prisoners, and no sum was thought too extrava-gant for their redemption. Now however, 60 thousand dollars is considered an enormous sum for their entire release, and a promise in future, that our citizens should not be subject to slavery, but exchanged for their prisoners. If we had not closed with 60,000 dollars, and a massacre had commenced, then the federalists would have exclaimed against the perfidy of the administration. Then "Economy" would have been portrayed, as the price of our slaughtered citizens. Then the fathers, wives and children of the captives, would have been roused to anathematize the cruelty of the government in suffering them to become the victims of an inhuman Tyrant.—Cease ye federalists, your constant clamour.—The citizens embrace their returned brethren with affection, and pay with cheerfulness the price of their redemption. But the federalists, delight in garments rolled in blood, and with pleasure would bear that the dead corps of our unhappy captives were enriching the soil of Tripoli.—Boston Chron.
COMMUNICATION.
When Mr. Jefferson was advanced to the Presidency, an opposition from the federalists was predicted; we expected that the measures of government would be criticised upon, but it was not supposed that the most favorite transactions would be traduced with unrelenting fury. In this we are deceived. An opposition of the vilest nature has reared its head in every state in the union, and federal presses teem with falsehoods of the foulest cast. Base insinuations and round assertions to injure republican men and measures are bandied about with the swiftness of lightning; but in no instance do we recollect to have seen any thing condoned with so much violence as their opposition to the Tripolitan peace. The Centinel is prolific of its absurd reflections on the treaty. The spirit of every patriotic American will be roused to anger by such conduct, and we doubt not but it will have its proper weight with every lover of justice. It not only proves what has been often asserted by the republican writers, of the determination of the federal editors to oppose every act of the present administration, but it evinces a certain blackness of mind which we should hardly have imputed to any federal editor in Boston. Let him then pursue the subject, the worst will be his own; an impartial public know how to appreciate such conduct, and we trust will hold him in that de-testation which he deserves.—ib.
Centinel Logic. —An officer of the U. States navy writes that he and many of his brother officers disapprove of the treaty with Tripoli; this maj. Russell thinks proof e. ugh of its being bad. Again—The major says that the American prisoners were in no danger of being massacred, because the Bashaw had not threatened in the presence of capt. Bainbridge!!! This is miserable logic indeed. The opinion of any officer in the Tripolitan squadron ought to have no weight with the public; for it is to be supposed that men who seek honors, and wish to signalize themselves in avenging their country's wrongs, will wish the peace procured for them to have the favorable opportunity. As to the threat of the Bashaw, if the major doubts it, we refer him to Commodore Rodgers for information.—ib.
The board of health of Philadelphia report for 24 hours, ending on the 16th inst.
at 12 o'clock, 1 case in Southwark, 1 in the city, 3 admissions into the hospital, 2 discharged cured—17 in the house, 9 convalescent, and 5 adults and 5 children buried.
The New-York board of health report for Sunday sennight, 11 cases of fever & no deaths—and for Monday, 2 admissions in the hospital, 2 deaths, 2 discharged cured—19 in the house, 12 convalescent.
We understand, (says the Philadelphia True American) that the Board of Health contemplate closing the City Hospital, and discharging the camp at Rose Mount, the end of this week.
A variety of other avocations has hitherto prevented our taking due notice of a volume lately published in this city, viz. the second edition of CURRAN'S SPEECHES. The preliminary sketch of the history of Ireland is peculiarly valuable, as it exhibits a number of facts which could not safely be published in the British dominions; it also contains several new articles, displaying the vast range of the oratorical powers of that celebrated speaker, Mr. Curran. The trial of Mr. Emmett must be peculiarly interesting to every feeling man; and the speech which he boldly addressed to the judge on the bench, shews us the extent of his genius, the firmness of his mind, and the sincerity of his patriotism. On some future occasion, we propose to give extracts from this volume. In the mean time, the editor's preface will shew our readers the high interest which the American people have taken in the affairs of the unfortunate Irish, and the admiration they entertain of their celebrated orator. (Balt. Ev. Post.)
"THE editor has not been disappointed in his expectations of the favourable reception given by the public to CURRAN'S SPEECHES—No book, he presumes to think, ever published in America, has sold so fast—Without newspaper puffing, or personal solicitation, it quickly made its way to every state in the Union."
"The reader will have made due allowance to the editor, who had to encounter many difficulties in his search for fit materials—He had to collect them from a number of persons at the distance of some thousands of miles, in a country where the government is hostile to the orator and his principles, and where it is no longer safe either to speak or print opinions different from those of the ruling power—Strange to tell, even in America, the book has had to contend with political passions, religious prejudices, and national animosities!"
"To the citizens of AMERICA, this volume will afford much information."
"To the gentlemen of the bar, this book must be a valuable acquisition—it is a combination of law knowledge and historical facts. Besides making them acquainted with the criminal jurisprudence of another country, it will lay open to their study and imitation, the productions of a man who is thought to excel all his cotemporaries in the powers of forensic eloquence—a genius of a superior cast, who in the skillful management of all the beauties and energies of the English language, delivers his opinions
"in thoughts that breathe, and words that burn."
"From this book the politician may learn, in the history of unfortunate IRELAND, the disastrous consequences of a bad system of government, and how to appreciate the blessings of a good one. It will shew him the fatal effects of the abuse of power, of commercial restraints, and of religious oppression—To him in particular, who wishes to exhibit his talents in the senate, from the choicest flowers of oratory, he may learn the soundest maxims of morality, and the purest principles of political justice."
"To clerical men, also, it is presumed, this book may have its uses—Without calling their attention to the history of the church, from the example of Ireland alone, both clergymen and statesmen may know, that compulsion is not subversion—that neither fire nor faggot, the gibet nor the bayonet, nor penal statutes, are right methods of reclaiming men from error. They may now have learned, that every sect, when legalized, is inclined to domineer; and that almost every sect, in its turn, when in power, has persecuted—That the better way is, to leave the Catholic and the Presbyterian, the Churchman, and the Dissenter, each to his own opinions—That "peace and good will to men," is the essence of morality, and that brotherly love and universal charity, are the best tests of true religion."
"If the editor has not been able to reconcile the jarring interests of politicians, nor the contradictory tenets of divines, conscious of the purity of his intentions, he has the approbation of his own mind. The rapid sale of the books, however, is a decisive proof of general approbation; and men of impartial judgment have approved its merits, and acknowledged its usefulness, as not only exhibiting the extraordinary talents of a great genius, but also in exposing the pride, ambition, and injustice of nations, and in developing the destructive consequences of an evil policy, and the pernicious effects of ecclesiastical intolerance."
"The present edition will be found not only much enlarged, but also more uniform and systematic than the former.—All that may have been thought irrelevant or extraneous has been omitted, and much new matter introduced and added.—Amongst the additional articles, the trial of the unfortunate EMMETT must be peculiarly interesting; and Mr. Curran's speech on lord Headfort's crim. cor. affair, will be considered a rich acquisition to this volume. Even those who were inclined to give the Irish orator "reluctant and penurious praise," are now obliged to own, that his eloquence is not confined to one subject; that it is as brilliant on the side of injured virtue, as it is splendid in the cause of his oppressed country."
This volume contains an Historical Sketch of Ireland, a biographical sketch of Mr. Curran,—trials of Arch. H. Rowan, of the rev. Wm. Jackson, Lord Westmeath v. Mr. Bradshaw, of Wm. Orr, of Peter Finerty, of Patrick Finney, of Henry and John Sheares, of Oliver Bond, of James Napper Tandy, of Jas. O'Brien, of Hervey v. Sirr, of Owen Kirwan, of Robert Emmett, esq. of Miss Fitzgerald v. rev. Mr. Hawkesworth, of the rev. Mr. Massey v. Lord Headfort, and an appendix.
*** The Lectures on Law and Police in the College of William & Mary, will commence on the 20th of November. 130n
*** Wanted the ACTS of the VIRGINIA LEGISLATURE, for the following years:—1770—73—74—75—76—77—78—79—80—81—82—83—84—85—86—87—88—89—90—91—92—1800—(for which a liberal price will be given. Enquire of the printer.) October 22, 1805 4t
NEIL MCCOULL, Has received by the late arrivals from London and Liverpool, HIS USUAL SUPPLY OF Fall & Winter Goods. Richmond, 18th October, 1805. 1f if
DOCT. JAMES WORRALL, HAVING taken the first Brick house on the right hand side after passing the corner of the Cross street leading from the Brick Row to the head of the Mason, offers his services to the citizens of Richmond and its vicinity, in the different branches of the MEDICAL PROFESSION. Persons residing in the country requiring his assistance, may depend on the most prompt and assiduous attention. Richmond, Oct. 21, 1805. w2m
ON Monday the 28th inst. will be SOLD, at the house of the late Stephen Brown, All his Household Furniture, Consisting of Beds, Chairs, &c.—And his stock of GUNS, PISTOLS and GUNSMITHS' TOOLS & MATERIALS. Ninety days credit will be allowed on all sums exceeding ten dollars. Mary Brown, Adm x . Richmond, 21st Oct. 1805. 2
N. B. All persons having deposited articles with the said Stephen Brown to be repaired, or for any other purpose, will please call before the day of sale and receive their respective property.
NOTICE. BY virtue of a deed of trust executed to us by Jennings Plant of the county of Louisa, will be exposed to sale, to the highest bidder, for ready money, on the premises, on Friday the 1st of November next, the said Plant's interest in the TRACT OF LAND wherein he resides, in the said county of Louisa, adjoining the lands of John Gentry and Stanley Alvis, for the purpose of satisfying a debt or debts, due to Walter Chisholm, jun. Frederick Harris, 3 T. Trustees. Thomas Chisholm, 3
October 1st, 1805. 2
FOR RENT, THE TENEMENT, No. 3, in the Brick Building at the Mason—Also, a TENEMENT in the yellow house adjoining. In the absence of the subscriber, apply to Capt. William Austin. DAVID BULLOCK. October 21, 1805. 2
NOTICE. BY virtue of two deeds of trust executed to us by Robert Priddy, to secure the payment of debts due to John Bowe and William Priddy, and the costs and charges attending the said deeds, will be sold, on the premises, for ready money, on Friday the 22d of November next, the TRACT OF LAND, wherein the said Robert Priddy formerly lived, containing upwards of four hundred acres, lying on the Three Notched road, fourteen miles from Richmond, near Deep Run Coal-pits. This land is well timbered, has buildings suitable for the accommodation of travellers, and is said to be a good stand as a tavern. JOHN RUSSELL, JOHN W. ELLIS. Oct. 22d, 1805. (ids)
NOTICE. PURSUANT to a deed of trust executed to the subscriber, by Jesse Bowles, to secure the payment of a debt due to John Bowe, will be sold, on the premises, to the highest bidder, for ready money, on Saturday the 23d of November next, ONE UNIMPROVED LOT, near Hay's Brewery, adjoining Judge Marshall's lot, and is numbered in the plan of the city of Richmond, 580. HUGH DAVIS. (wid) Oct. 22d, 1805.
Just Published, by JACOB JOHNSON, and for sale at his Book Store, a few doors below the Market House, Richmond—in 2 vols. price £ 1. 5s. 6d.
The History of America, From its discovery to the death of Gen. Washington, with 2 maps. BY RICHARD SNOWDEN, Esq. of New Jersey. Subscribers to the above work will please call or send for their books. J. JOHNSON will receive subscriptions for Brooks's Universal Gazetteer, improved, now in the press.—Sacred Classics, in ten vols. elegant—and Collins's Quarto Bible.
STATIONARY. Demy paper of a good quality, suitable for printing pamphlets; superroyal printing paper, printing ink, blank books of all sizes, and a general assortment of articles in the Stationary line. October 15th, 1805.
*** Subscribers to the LIBRARY of the VIRGINIA CONVENTION, GIBBON'S HISTORY OF THE DECLINE AND FALL of the ROMAN EMPIRE, to apply at this office, where they may be delivered.
Richmond Academy THE drawing of No. 2, will commence next month, and be continued as usual.—Tickets for sale at

BROKERS OFFICE. THE SUBSCRIBER HAS Opened a Broker's Office, Opposite the Union Tavern, and over the Counting-house of Thomas and Amos Ladd. All business confided to him will be transacted with strict fidelity. THOM. NORVELL. Richmond, October 3, 1805. Forty Dollars Reward.
RUN away from the subscriber living in Granville county, North Carolina, in March last, two bright mulatto fellows; one by the name of BARTELY , about 35 years of age, has but little to say, and appears to be very humble; he is a tolerable good Shoemaker and Cooper, about 5 feet 10 or 11 inches high, and he is a well set negro. GEORGE is about 23 years of age, about 5 feet high, spare made, but a very active negro, fond of drink, and a very forward saucy fellow. I expect they have obtained free passes and I will endeavor to pass for free negroes; it is probable they are lurking about Manchester, Richmond or Petersburg; they were seen in Manchester a few days past. Any person taking them up and confining them in jail, so that I get them, shall have the above reward, or 20 dollars for either, paid by the subscriber. LEWIS HENING. June 5th, 1805.
The subscriber wishes to sell for cash, or on credit till the first day of January next, the Two Brick Tenements, Adjoining the house of Mr. Benjamin Mosby. JOHN PENDLETON. City of Richmond, Nov. 10th, 1804.
Geo. Watt HAS removed from the store he formerly occupied to a brick house on the cross street leading from the main street to Shockoe warehouse, where he has on hand and offers to dispose of on moderate terms, by wholesale, The following Articles, viz: Loaf and Muscovado Sugars, N. England, W. Island, and Antigua Rum, Cognac, Barcelonada and Apple Brandy, Sherry and Malaga Wine, Coffee of a superior quality, Molasses, Ginger and Fig Blue, Young Hyson and Imperial Tea, 400 Sacks Liverpool Salt, Patent Shot, assorted sizes—And The remainder of his Stock of Dry Goods, consisting principally of articles suited to the present and approaching season, which he will either sell on a credit of 3, 6 and 9 months, for notes negotiable at the Bank of Virginia, with approved endorsers, or barter for Tobacco, Flour or Hemp. Cash given for Tobacco. Richmond, 22d March, 1805.
TO RENT, A BRICK HOUSE, adjoining the old City Tavern, well calculated for a Dry Goods Store. Apply to Gallego, Richard & Co. May 29th, 1805.
JOHN TOMPKINS HAS just received a fresh supply of OLD COGNAC BRANDY, a part of the same shipment of his former parcel. Also, a few hogsheads of ANTIGUA RUM, of good quality. He has on hand, a parcel of BEST FRENCH CAMBRICKS. The whole of which, he offers for sale, very low for cash, or on a liberal credit. August 16, 1805.
TO RENT, A HOUSE at the Falling Garden. Enquire of James Lowndes on the premises. 8th Month 20th, 1805.
THE proprietor offers for sale, a TRACT OF LAND , adjoining Scuffletown, which he proposes to divide into lots of twenty-five acres. For further particulars apply to Messrs. Prosser & Moncure. NOTICE.
A PETITION will be presented to the next General Assembly, praying them to pass a law, authorizing the court of this county to levy money, for the purpose of bringing up the records thereof, from March 1788 to March 1802. Southampton, Sept. 2, 1805.
JAMES TERNAN, Has just received a supply of fresh & good MEDICINES, PAINTS AND HATTERS, opening at his Corner Shop, opposite Col. Gamble's, with which he shall be happy to serve his numerous friends, on the most moderate terms. He returns his sincere thanks for the favor of their custom. (U) Sept. 4.
TO LET, A COUNTING ROOM, STORE ROOM AND CELLAR, in a brick building near the Basin and next door to Messrs. Hart and Southgate's. Enquire of the printer. 15th Sept. 1805.
BY virtue of a deed of trust from Thomas Callis, to secure the payment of certain sums of money therein expressed, will be SOLD , on the premises, for ready money, on Monday the 11th day of November next, a TRACT OF LAND , in Hanover county, formerly the property of David Anderson, known by the name of Anderson's Old Store, at present occupied by the said Callis, containing 654 1/2 acres, more or less—or so much thereof as will pay and satisfy the balance of $43, 11s. 10d. together with interest on the said deed of trust—also, the expenses of carrying the same into effect. CHARLES J. MACMURDO, Trustee. Richmond, 4th Oct. 1805.
MARSHALL'S SALES. Be SOLD , for ready money, in pursuance of a decree of the Court of the United States, sitting in the Virginia District, by Marshall, attorney for the creditors, and David Ross and David Rags and others, in order to raise the sum of $200 for the expenses of sale, a number of SLAVES , now at the Ox. The sale will take place on the 15th day of November. MOSBY, D. M. for H. SCOTT, M. V. D. tds
ROBERT GREENHOW, MERCHANT in Williamsburg, has just received in the ship Planter from London, an assortment of MERCHANDIZE ; & daily expects by the first arrivals from Liverpool, a supply of WOOLLENS of every description, & IRONMONGERY or HARDWARE —which added to his Stock on hand, will render his Store as generally assorted, as competent to the demands of purchasers as any on the continent. The selection is made by his friends in different parts of Great Britain, well skilled in the qualities of goods; purchased from the Manufacturers themselves, not on credit but with ready money; of course held in on better terms & of much superior qualities to those usually shipped by Commission Merchants, at the accustomed credits of six months, nine months and twelve months. He offers them to his Friends and Countrymen, for cash, approved paper, or credit, to those whose punctuality can be relied on, at prices as low as they can be afforded at, assuring his distant customers that their orders will at all times be thankfully received and diligently executed. September 2, 1805.
BOLTING CLOTHS. A complete assortment of DUTCH BOLTING CLOTHS , superlatively good; from the lowest No. to superlative—just received, and for sale by M. & B. MYERS. Richmond, Sept. 9th, 1805.
Lands for sale in Buckingham county. THE subscriber offers for sale the following tracts of Land, viz—1000 acres beginning where Maj. Charles Yancey's line joins his on James river, and extend out to include the above quantity, so as to leave out the low grounds, with sufficient timber to support it—Also, two tracts on Sycamore island creek and its waters, of four hundred acres each, adjoining the lands of Maj. Yancey and the subscriber's; those two tracts were formerly the property of Col. John Hopkins of Goochland; on the lower tracts that is to be a good mill-seat—Likewise a tract on Meredith's creek of three hundred & eighty eight acres, adjoining the lands of Col. Wm. Perkins, on which is a plantation sufficient to work five or six hands to advantage, a thriving young orchard in bearing one or two years, an excellent creek running thro' the plantation on which might be erected a convenient mill in a wealthy neighborhood; the above land abounds with very good pine for buildings—Also a tract of two or three hundred acres below John Bagby, sent's. on this there is a small plantation with excellent fruit trees, and a good situation for a mill. A fresh broke the dam and left the house which is two stories high, and at a small expense may be put in grinding order. The above lands lay conveniently to Warminster, and will be shown to any person wishing to purchase, by the proprietor, and the terms made known. JOSEPH CABELL. Buckingham, Ripton, 9th Sept. 1805.
Valuable Lands in Albemarle county FOR SALE. PURSUANT to a deed of trust, executed by John Jordan, to secure the payment of five hundred and seventy five pounds three shillings and six pence, with interest thereon from the seventeenth day of July, eighteen hundred and one and charges, due Brown, Rives & Co. will be sold, for ready money, on the fifteenth day of October next (being the third Tuesday in that month and the day after Buckingham court day) on the premises, certain TRACTS OF LAND , lying in the county of Albemarle, containing four hundred and seventeen acres and an half, which said tract joins the Fluvanna or James river, it being the tract devised to the said John Jordan by his father Matthew Jordan, dec. on which he now resides—Also, one other tract lying in the same county on the Fluvanna river and adjoining the above mentioned tract on the upper side thereof, containing three hundred and forty nine acres. JOHN HIGGINBOTHAM, Trustee. Warminster, Amherst, Sept. 9, 1805.
THE sale of the above mentioned land is postponed until Friday the 8th of November next, and only 1000 dollars will be required in hand; for the balance an accommodated credit will be given on the purchase payment thereof being properly secured. JOHN HIGGINBOTHAM. Oct. 3d, 1805.
FOR SALE, ON Wednesday the twenty-third day of October (if fair, if not the next fair day) at the late dwelling house of Capt. Howell Lewis, dec. of Goochland county, all the Stock of HORSES, CATTLE, HOGS & SHEEP , the present Crop of CORN & FODDER ; HOUSEHOLD & KITCHEN FURNITURE, PLANTATION UTENSILS , &c.—Twelve months credit will be allowed for all sums above five pounds, the purchaser giving bond with approved security, to bear interest from the date if not punctually paid. All those having claims against the estate are requested to come forward on the day of sale with their accounts properly adjusted, that provision may be made for discharging them as early as possible. It is expected the plantation will be leased for seven years on the same day. RANDOLPH LEWIS. September 18, 1805.
BY virtue of a deed of trust executed to us by John Christian, jr. to secure the payment of a debt therein mentioned due to the late firm of Dunlop, Pollok & Co. will be sold, to the highest bidder, for ready money, at Prince Edward courthouse, on Monday the 18th day of November next, (being court day) a TRACT OF LAND , containing 150 acres more or less, lying on the waters of Big Rough creek, in the said county of Prince Edward, being the land bought by said Christian from Abner Coffee, per deed bearing date the 28th day of May, 1803. The land may be viewed previous to the day of sale, by applying to the said John Christian, jr. Samuel W. Venable, } Trustees. Peter Johnston. Prince Edward, 28th Sept. 1805.
BEING about to leave Richmond, and anxious to discharge every just demand against me, will sell, at my house, opposite Byrd's Warehouse, on Friday the first day of next month, at Public Auction, for ready money, 15 Likely Virginia born Slaves , 10 Feather Beds and Furniture, A great variety of Household and Kitchen Furniture, 3 Riding Chairs, 4 Good Work Horses, 2 Excellent Milch Cows, Together with the remaining stock of GROCERIES. Thomas Burgess. Richmond, Oct. 4th, 1805.
An Apprentice Wanted. A LAD of reputable connections, about 14 or 15 years of age, would be taken as an Apprentice to learn the Printing Business, at the office of the VIRGINIA ANGUS. October 4.
Fall & Winter Goods. The subscribers have received, and are now opening a considerable part of their WOOLLENS ; Among which are Bales of assorted Rose & Duffil Blankets, Do. Nap'd Cottons, Do. Yarn & Plaid Hose, Do. White & Coloured Plains, Do. Kerseys & Halfthicks, Do. 6-4 & 7-4 Coatings, plain and strip'd, Do. Cloths, assorted colours and prices, Do. Forrest Cloths, Boxes Men's Hats assorted prices, Irish Linens, Long Lawns, Diapers, &c. Also—An assortment of HARDWARE, CUTLERY and NAILS. In addition to which, they daily expect on the arrival of the Suffolk from London, a large assortment of FASHIONABLE GOODS , Which will be offered for sale on their usual terms. GILLIAT & KIRBY. October 4, 1805.
Land & Slaves, for Sale. ON Monday the 2d day of December next, if fair, if not the next fair day, at the dwelling house of John Robertson, dec. late of this county, Two Hundred and Eighty Acres of Land more or less, lying on Appomattox River in the county of Chesterfield, adjoining the lands of Major Francis Eppes and the estate of Benjamin Ward. An agreeable situation well watered, with improvements sufficient for the accommodation of a genteel family. Further particulars are unnecessary, as those inclined to purchase will wish to view the premises, which will be made known by application to Mr. John Robertson who resides on the premises, or the executors. TWELVE NEGROES , consisting of men, women, boys and girls; stock of Horses, Cattle, Sheep and Hogs; crop of Corn, Wheat and Fodder, Household and Kitchen Furniture and Plantation Utensils. Two annual payments will be required for the lands, & twelve months credit will be given for the purchase of the negroes, &c. on all sums above two dollars. By the EXECUTOR. September 6th, 1805.
To be sold, for ready money, in pursuance of a deed of trust from David Ross, esq. in order to raise the sum of 2051 dols. 90 cts. with interest thereon at the rate of five per centum per annum, from the first day of August last, due from the said David Ross to the trustees of James Dunlop, dec. the following Lands, Lots and Tenements , Or such part of them as may be necessary to pay the said debt, and interest with the charges and expenses of executing the trust. An Estate or Plantation in the county of Goochland called Coles, containing by estimation fifteen hundred acres, be the same more or less, lying on the waters of the Byrd creek, and purchased by the said David Ross of the representatives of James Cole, of Wm. Cole and John Hughes, and adjoining the lands of Richard Adams and Samuel Richardson, according to its known boundaries as held by the said David Ross. Also, the following LOTS in the town of Columbia, Fluvanna county, to wit: Lot No. 68, on which the warehouse is built; Lot No. 75, on which is a storehouse, now or late in the occupation of John Forbes; No. 74, now or late in the occupation of J. Strother; No. 76, now or late in the occupation of Mrs. Price. The sale will take place at John Napier's Tavern, in the town of Columbia, on the 18th day of November next; and the lands and tenements aforesaid will be set up in that order which shall appear best to suit the purchasers, and most beneficial to the parties concerned. BEN. MOSBY, acting trustee. October 4th, 1805.
MARSHAL'S SALES. IN pursuance of a decree of the United States Court for the District of Columbia, in the cause of the United States vs. the Virginia District, pronounced at the May Term, 1805, in behalf of John Tate and Thomas Aston, assignees of Henry Martin, against James Vaughan, adm'r. &c. of Matthew Vaughan, dec. and others,—Will be SOLD , to the highest bidder, for ready money, at Pearl's Tavern, in the county of Goochland, on the 20th day of November next. The following SLAVES , viz. Gill, Jee, Ned, Trip, Cyrus, Peter, Parrot, Billy, Lewis, Lewey, Carter, Phil and Porteus (mules); Nell, Franky, Lucy, Fanny, Judy, Amy, Dolly, Sylvia and Betty (females), or so many thereof as may be sufficient to raise the sum of one thousand seven hundred and seventy-six dollars and thirty-four cents, with interest on one thousand four hundred and seventy-nine and fifty-one cents, part thereof at the rate of six per centum per annum, from the 23d day of May, 1805, and the expenses of sale. BEN. MOSBY, D. M. for JOS. SCOTT, M. V. D. October 2d, 1805.
Manchester Turnpike Company. REKENT REGISTRATION. The Shareholders in the Manchester Turnpike Company are hereby required to pay to James Brander, Treasurer, the further sum of Ten Dollars, on each share, on or before the 13th of November next. By order of the Directors. James Brander, Ck. Manchester, 10th Oct. 1805.
THE Copartnership of the subscribers, under the firm of THOMAS TAYLOR & CO. will dissolve by mutual consent on the 11th instant. Thomas Taylor. John Satchell.
THE subscribers, under the firm of Taylor & Brown , Offer their services to the public as AUCTIONEERS & COMMISSION MERCHANTS , at the stand lately occupied by Thomas Taylor & Co. where they have on hand a large stock of Dry Goods & West-India Produce , Most of which will be disposed of at Private Sale on very low terms, for cash or approved negotiable notes. Thomas Taylor. James Brown, Jr. Richmond, 11th Oct. 1805.
BY THE LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA. A PROCLAMATION. WHEREAS it appears that the cities of New York and Philadelphia, the West India Islands and other places are now unhappily afflicted with an infectious and malignant disease, which without due caution may be brought into this commonwealth, by vessels arriving therefrom; I have thought it, with the advice of the council of state, to issue this proclamation, hereby calling upon the superintendents of Quarantine of the different ports of entry and delivery of this commonwealth, to use every exertion on their part to prevent the introduction of so great a calamity among the good people of this state: To effect which they are hereby particularly enjoined to demand of all masters of vessels coming from the said cities of New York and Philadelphia, the West India Islands, or any other place afflicted as aforesaid, the requisite declaration of the state of health of their respective crews, &c. according to the law in that case made and provided. And if the result of such enquiry shall satisfy the superintendent of the port which such vessel may wish to enter, that the public safety requires their performance of Quarantine, he is hereby required to see that the same be done at the place heretofore appointed, convenient to the said port for a time not exceeding twenty days, and I do hereby strictly enjoin and require that until such vessels shall be discharged from their Quarantine, all persons coming or goods imported therein, come not on shore, or go on board any other vessel, or be landed or put on board any other vessel whatsoever within this commonwealth. And moreover, that no person or persons go on board any vessel ordered to perform Quarantine, in pursuance hereof, without permission first had and obtained in writing from the said superintendents. And the said superintendents are hereby authorised to use the proper means of obtaining the most early and accurate information of the situation of all vessels coming from the said cities of New York and Philadelphia, the West India Islands, or any other place afflicted as aforesaid, with an intention of entering into any of the ports, rivers or harbors within the jurisdiction of this state. And all pilots are hereby required and enjoined to give notice unto some one of the said superintendents, of the arrival of all vessels from the said cities of New York and Philadelphia, the West India Islands, or any other place afflicted as aforesaid, and are inhibited from conducting the same into any of the ports of this state until due examination is made as aforesaid. Given under my hand as Lieutenant Governor, with the seal of the Commonwealth annexed, at Richmond, this 21st day of September, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and five, and of the commonwealth the thirteenth. (Signed) JOHN GUERRANT, Jr.
SURRY JOCKEY CLUB. Will be run for over the course at Surry courthouse on the first Thursday in November next (being the seventh of the month) the Surry Jockey Club Purse of three hundred and fifty dollars, three Mile heats—And the day following (Tuesday) the Purse of the Proprietor of the Course, worth one hundred and fifty dollars, two mile heats. All persons wishing to start horses, &c. for the latter purse will be required to pay an entrance of twenty dollars, except members of the club, and from them an entrance of eight dollars will be required, the weights of the course are as follows: Aged horses 130 4 years old 100 6 years old 120 3 years old 86 5 years old 110 CHARLES H. GRAVES, Sec'y. Agreeable to the rules a meeting of the club will be held at Mr David Price's Tavern, on the evening preceding the first day's race. Surry county, 10th Sept. 1805.
NOTICE Is hereby given, that on Monday the 28th of October next, if fair, if not the next fair day, I shall proceed to sell, a valuable TRACT OF LAND, containing 200 acres more or less, and personal estate, pursuant to the last will and testament of John Turpin, dec. The land will be sold upon one and two years credit, for bond and approved security to bear interest from the date if not punctually paid, and to be ultimately secured by a deed of trust upon the premises. The place is pretty well known by the name of Turpin's Tavern, and lies upon the road leading from Richmond to Charles City courthouse, within 6 miles of the former—much might be said in favor of that situation, and show it to be truly desirable, either as a stand for a tavern, or resort contiguous to Richmond—it abounds in fine wood, and is supplied with water equal to any below the mountains; is improved by a well constructed dwelling house, having a passage and 4 handsome rooms below and 2 above stairs; an orchard of well selected fruit trees, apple & peach, that seldom fail bearing. Presuming however, that persons disposed to buy, will previously view the place, it is needless to add more than, such may be shown it by the subscriber adjoining thereto. The personal estate consisting of 7 likely young Negroes, some good beds, other household and kitchen furniture, crop of corn, fodder, plantation utensils, stock of horses, cows, hogs and sheep, will be sold upon 12 months credit, for bond and approved security, to carry interest as in the other case, if not punctually paid; for all sums under 10 dollars, cash must be paid down, and bonds executed before the property sold is delivered. AUSTIN TALMAN, Ex'r. of JOHN TURPIN, dec. Henrico county, Sept. 23, 1805.
JUST RECEIVED, At JOHN PURNELL'S, Book-Binder & Stationer, Two hundred and fifty reams of POOLSCAP, POTT and POST WRITING PAPER —He has also on hand an extensive stock of BLANK BOOKS of all descriptions, manufactured from materials of the first quality, and every other article in the Stationary line. Tickets for sale in the Second Class of the Richmond Academy Lottery. October 11.
NOTICE. ALL persons indebted to Messrs. Hill & Rea, late of New-Canton, are hereby notified, that the said Hill & Rea did on the 10th day of July last, assign and transfer to William Hill of New-York, by deed, for a valuable consideration therein expressed, their and each of their rights, interests and claims, in and to all the books, debts, accounts, stock and property of every description belonging to them as partners; and that the said Wm. Hill hath duly constituted and appointed Robert Hill of New-Canton, and George West of Richmond, his joint attorneys, and empowered them to collect and receive all debts due to the said late concern of Hill & Rea. For this purpose George West will attend on the twenty-eighth day of this month, at Cumberland courthouse (being court day), and on the eleventh day of November next at Buckingham courthouse, at which places the debtors to the late concern of Hill & Rea are requested to attend, and are hereby forbidden making payment of the debts due to the above concern, to any other person or persons than the subscribers. ROBT. HILL. GEO. WEST. Richmond, 12th Oct. 1805.
NOTICE, that Jacob Michaux, will petition the next Assembly to raise the ferry rates from his own lands in Powhatan to the lands of Samuel Woodson, in Goochland October 2, 1805.
W. WARDLAW, Is now opening at his shop on the Main street in Richmond, opposite Mr. Taylor's Vendue Office, a large importation of MEDICINES , Received directly from London, also a general assortment of SURGEON'S INSTRUMENTS, SHOP FURNITURE, MEPHITIC AIR MACHINES, PATENT MEDICINES &c. &c. It is his intention to keep, at all times, a supply of Genuine Medicines, sufficient to answer the current demand; which will be sold low for cash or on the usual credit to those who will give him sufficient assurances of punctuality. November 20th, 1804.
BENJAMIN DU-VAL, At the sign of the Golden Mortar, Richmond, HAS just received a very large and extensive assortment of fresh MEDICINES, SURGEONS' INSTRUMENTS, DRUGS & DYE-STUFFS, PAINTS of all kinds, OIL, VARNISHES, PUTTY , &c. Also, a complete assortment of HATTERS' MATERIALS , consisting of Hatters' Irons Crude Tartar Logwood Bason Irons Coppers Bow-Strings Vidregrease Linings Fustick Galoons Spanish Indigo Tassel Bands Oil of Vitriol Rubbing Dishes Ag. Fortis Stampers Quick-silver Trenchers, &c. Which added to his former Stock, completes an assortment that was never equalled, in his line of business, in this city. He thanks his customers for past favors, and hopes to merit a continuation of their custom. His former attention to the quality of his Medicines, importing them in their crude state, that he might be able to judge of their quality, and power of curing and preparing them under his immediate inspection, have contributed to his present establishment; and opposition he presumes will not relax his exertions to give general satisfaction in future. His experience for more than 12 years past, as Apothecary and Druggist in this city, added to a small stock of Medical Information acquired before, enables him, he thinks, to form a tolerably correct judgment as to the quality of Drugs and Medicines, although he cannot boast of honors conferred on him greater than the confidence of numerous and respectable customers. In regard to his wholesale prices, he promises to furnish each of his wholesale customers with a printed price current, as soon as possible, and feels himself confident in their approbation, knowing that no one in this state can afford to undersell him. This he intends to do, not to get others' customers from them, but to secure his own. Any articles that may be ordered and not approved of as to quality, may be returned if in good order, and in a reasonable time. Richmond, May 30, 1805. (Sw&wtf)
THE subscribers agree to run a SWEEPSTAKE RACE , one mile heats, over the course at Mansfield, in Amelia county, on Thursday the 21st day of November next, with Colts and Fillies, two years old this spring and no more, carrying on each 36 lb. entrance 100 dollars, half forfeit. Thomas Watkins, bay colt by D. Devil, out of Pandora. Pall. Holcombe, Malvina, by D. Devil, out of Medea. John Ford, by Clifton, out of Shackle mare. Wade Mosby, an Alderman, full sister to Superior. William R. Johnston, a Diomed. Horatio Turpin, a filly, by Dare Devil. Oct. 8, 1805.
THE subscribers do hereby bind themselves to run a SWEEPSTAKE RACE , two mile heats, over the course called Mansfield, in the county of Amelia, on the first Thursday in October, 1806, with Colts and Fillies three years old the preceding spring and no more, carrying 86 lb. on each; entrance five hundred dollars, half forfeit; the subscription to close on the 1st day of January, 1806. The Colts & Fillies to be accurately described at the time of entering them. Should the colt of any subscriber meet with any material injury between the time of entry and the time of closing the subscription, the person entering such colt shall be at liberty to withdraw his name, upon giving col. F. Holcombe (the proprietor of the course) information of the injury and the intention of withdrawing before the said 1st of January, 1806. This subscription commenced 30th May, 1805. Wade Mosby, a horse colt, by Diomed, dam Horatio Turpin's mare, dam to Superior. T. Watkins, a horse colt by Diomed, out of the dam of Sings. Daniel Willson, a filly, out of Seagul, by Diomed. At a Court of Quarter Session held for the county of Lancaster, at the courthouse, on Monday the 19th day of August, 1805. James Smith, } County Against } Clerk Walter Muschett, Baldwin M. Leland, } Dale C. Edwards and Thomas } Hurst, jr. } defts.
THIS day came the plaintiff by his counsel, and the defendant Walter Muschett, not having entered his appearance and given security according to law and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that the said deft. is not an inhabitant of the commonwealth of Virginia: On the motion of the plf. by his counsel, It is ordered , that the said deft. appear here on the third Monday in November next and answer the bill of the plf., and it is further ordered that the other defts. do not pay, convey away or secrete the money or effects in their hands belonging to the said deft. Walter Muschett, until the further order and decree of this court concerning the same; and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in the Virginia Argus for two months successively, and another posted at the front door of the courthouse of the county. Copy—Teste, J. TOWLES, Ck.
LINDLEY MURRAY'S SPELLING BOOK. Just received by Samuel Plessants, jr. and for sale at his printing office and Book-Store, Richmond. An English Spelling Book, With reading lessons, adapted to the capacities of Children, in three parts. Calculated to advance the learners, by natural and easy gradation; and to teach Orthography and Pronunciation together. BY LINDLEY MURRAY. Author of "An English Grammar adapted to the different classes of Learners."