The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1805-09-06 00:00:00

Garrett Advertiser
The Enquirer.
PUBLISHED BY THOMAS RITCHIE, OPPOSITE THE POST-OFFICE.....AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM.....(PAYABLE IN ADVANCE.)
NUMBER 35.]
RICHMOND, FRIDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 6, 1805.
[VOLUME 2.]
TO BE SOLD.
At Public Vendue, at Gough's Hotel, in Alexandria, on Monday the 16th day of September, at 12 o'clock, at noon: ALL THAT TRACT OF LAND , late Presly Thornton, Esquire's, situated in Northumberland county, Virginia, lying immediately on the Potomac River. The following description is given of this property by persons well acquainted with it:—It contains 2,600 acres, 1,700 acres of which are the most valuable low grounds on the river, between 3 and 400 acres heavily timbered, and the remainder very high land, extremely productive. The soil of this tract is equal to any in the State for the cultivation of corn, wheat, tobacco, timothy, and small grain of all kinds. On this tract are a large commodious Brick Mansion House and two Offices, a Large Brick Stable, Valuable Barn, Cow-House, and many other out-houses. The Orchards and Garden contain a variety of valuable fruit trees, and the waters abound with excellent fish and oysters. It is situated about a day's sail from Baltimore, Alexandria, and Norfolk. There are two good mill sites for grist and saw mills on the estate, and plenty of cedar and chestnut timber, for which an excellent market may be found at the City of Washington.
The terms of sale are—one-fourth cash, one-fourth in one year, one-fourth in 18 months, and the residue in two years from the day of sale. The payments to be secured by bonds, with mortgages on the premises, and to be interest from the day of sale.
For further information, application may be made in behalf of the subscriber, Thomas Robinson, to Richard Peters, Jun. attorney at law, in the city of Philadelphia, or to William Lewis, in the same city, (Philadelphia.)
THOMAS ROBINSON. W. LEWIS.
July 23 ep 155.
TO BE SOLD, FOR CASH.
Am requested by David Patterson, Junr. to expose for sale, as trustee, the whole or so much of the property in the trust deed conveyed, bearing date the 27th February, 1804, consisting of the following slaves, viz: JACK, a lad, TOM, a boy, KATE and her three children, BILLY, SALLY and HENRY; SUEY, and her two children named FANNY and JEFFERSON; also MOLLY, a girl; in order to satisfy a debt due from said David Patterson, Junr. to Benjamin Hatcher, agreeably to the tenor of the said deed; which sale will certainly take place on the 28th day of September next, at the dwelling house of the said David Patterson, in the town of Manchester.
GEORGE MCCREDIE, Trustee . Manchester, August 12. (epds.)
TO BE SOLD, FOR CASH.
I am requested by David Patterson, Junr. to expose for sale, as trustee, the whole or so much of the property in the trust deed conveyed, bearing date the 16th day of April last, consisting of the following slaves, viz: JACK, a lad, TOM, a boy, KATE and her three children, BILLY, SALLY and HENRY; SUEY, and her two children named FANNY and JEFFERSON; also MOLLY, a girl; in order to satisfy a debt due from said David Patterson, Junr. to Lyle and McCredie, agreeably to the tenor of the said deed; which sale will certainly take place on the 28th day of September next, at the dwelling house of the said David Patterson, in the town of Manchester.
JAMES F. LEITCH, Trustee . Manchester, August 16. (epds.)
The subscriber, anxious to discharge every just debt which he owes, will at the same time and place offer for sale for ready money, the residue of his property for the benefit of his creditors; consisting of HOUSEHOLD and KITCHEN FURNITURE, two good HORSES and sundry other articles.
DAVID PATTERSON. Manchester, August 16. (epds.)
NOTICE.
By Virtue of a Deed in Trust, executed to the subscribers, by Jeremiah Burton, and Major John Price, for the purpose of raising the several sums of money therein, and also the costs and charges attendant upon the execution of the same. We shall on Wednesday the 11th day of September next, at the Vendue office of Messrs. Proufer and Monture, in this city, expose for sale, by public auction to the highest bidder for ready money, a tract of land lying in the county of Henrico upon the three Chopped Road, about ten or twelve miles from this place, said to contain one hundred acres, be the same more or less: being the same tract which was conveyed by Merrill Jones to the said Jeremiah Burton by deed bearing date the 14th day of August 1801, and duly admitted record in the office of Henrico court, and was devised by the testator and last will of William Jones, dec'd, to the aforesaid Merrill Jones.
SAMUEL MCCRAW, } Trustees . GEO: W. SMITH, } August 27. (tds)
FOR SALE, STONES, OF ALL SIZES; and PLASTER OF PARIS, of an excellent quality, FOR SALE, AS USUAL, BY WILLIAM DAVIDSON. near the Market. (spif.) Dec. 4.
NOTICE.
A Petition will be presented to the General Assembly of Virginia, at the next session, praying that an act may pass to incorporate a company for the purpose of cutting a Canal on the fourth side of the Falls of James River, or otherwise improving the navigation of the river for the passage of Batteaux; and also for the establishment of a Bank in the town of Manchester. August 18. (epml.)
MILITARY CERTIFICATES.
FOR SALE, Certificates of this State, bearing interest of 6 per cent, and receivable at the Treasury, for all arrears of taxes, prior to the year 1798. WILLIAM PRICE, Cashr. Genl. M. A. S. May 10. ff.
GEORGE WILY.
BROKER & COMMISSION MERCHANT, Near the Basin.
DOGS and all kinds of Poultry—Also, Lands & Lots, and houses, Bank Stock, &c. He has for Sale, Lots No. 141, 2, 3, and 4, which make one entire square in Du-Val's addition. There is a good Spring attached to them. These lots are well worth the attention of any gentleman wishing to build a summer retreat for his family. July 23—ff.
JOHN TOMPKINS.
Has just received a fresh supply of OLD COGNAC, NICA BRANDY, a part of the same shipment of his former parcel. All a few Bds. of ANTIGUA RUM, of good quality. He has on hand, a parcel of BEST FRENCH CAMBRICS. The whole of which, he offers for sale very low for cash or on a liberal credit. August 16. (18N)
WILLIAM MCCABE, WATCH MAKER, RICHMOND.
PRESENTS his sincere thanks to his numerous friends, and the public, who have generously favoured him with their custom; and informs them, that he has lately removed his shop, to a house opposite Messrs. Gamble's Store; where he hopes, from the attention he is determined to observe, to merit a continuance of their patronage. The business hereafter will be carried on by McCabe and Walker. They hope, from a disposition to please, to give general satisfaction. All commands in the line of their profession will be promptly attended to, and most faithfully discharged. August 20.
VALUABLE LANDS—FOR SALE.
INTENDING to remove to the county of Amelia, I offer for sale the following TRACTS OF LAND, lying in the county of Dinwiddie, to wit: MAYFIELD, HARDWICKE, MAYEY'S, and the LONG ORDINARY, the whole containing, by a late survey made by the surveyor of the county, upwards of 1403 acres, and will be divided into small tracts to suit the views of purchasers. Mayfield is an elevated and handsome situation, about three miles distant from the town of Petersburg, well watered, and remarkably healthy. The buildings are not only convenient, but very good: The dwelling house, and kitchen both enlarged; the dwelling-house is of brick, containing eight commodious rooms, an airy passage, and every apartment well fitted up, a fine yard, and an excellent garden very lately enclosed and enlarged; the kitchen is also of brick, with two rooms below and two above; a dairy and smoke-house, lately built; a large negro quarter, underpinned with brick, and a brick chimney in the middle; a large granary and stable, and in fact every other building which the convenience and accommodation of a family could possibly require. There is also a meadow of about seven acres, well enclosed, and highly improved; from which a great deal of hay has been obtained. Mayfield adjoins this tract, and the two would make a farm of rather upwards of 400 acres. The ice-house, well watered, and springs, are excelled by none in this part of Virginia. The land is well adapted to the culture of corn and oats, but too light for wheat. Hardwicke lies on Appomattox river, three miles from the town of Petersburg. There are between seven and eight hundred acres, the half of which is wood land. The houses are very indifferent, but there is a very handsome situation to build on, commanding a beautiful prospect, and contiguous to one and perhaps two good springs. This land is well adapted to the culture of corn, wheat and oats, and is well enclosed. The Long Ordinary is a tavern, within three miles of Petersburg, situate between the Mayfield and Hardwicke tracts, rents for 100 dollars per annum, and is on one of the most public roads which leads to town.—With it I will sell one or two hundred acres of land, with timber sufficient for the support of the place. Also, from eight or twelve hundred acres, about 20 miles from Petersburg, and two from Mr. Jordan Reece's Store. Part of this tract is well adapted to the culture of tobacco, and the rest excellent corn & wheat land. The whole well timbered, and lies unusually well. A more particular description is conceived to be unnecessary. Those disposed to purchase, are requested to view the property.—Ready money will be required for one third of the purchase, and such credit will be given for the balance, as can be agreed on. Mayfield, August 27. TH: T. BOLLING. (ep4t)
FOR SALE, A TRACT OF LAND.
Four miles from town, adjoining a bye-road leading to our Four-Mile-Creek, bounded on the S. by Cornelius's Creek, on the W. by lands formerly belonging to George Nicholson, on the N. by the lands of Robert Craddock, and on the E. by the lands of Nathan Whitlow and John Hague, both dec'd. This land is superior to any in its vicinity. The timber is inferior to none, and the prairie is luxuriant in the produce of grass. It is my belief, that no tr. so near town, promises so fair to remunerate a purchaser, who would decorate it with the necessary improvements. I would reserve one half acre lot of this tract, consecrated to the remains of former occupants. Those disposed to purchase, will please call on the subscriber, at the office of the Enquirer, or address him by letter. Richmond, August 30. THOMAS BURLING.
LAND—FOR SALE.
IN the county of Lunenburg, lying within one mile of the Court-house, on Conche's creek; this tract contains seven hundred and fifty acres, one hundred and fifty of which are cleared; comfortably improved for the accommodation of a family. This land is well adapted to the cultivation of Tobacco, Corn and Wheat. A great bargain may be had in this land. The terms may be made known, by application to Major Grief Green, of Nottoway, who is duly authorized to dispose of it, or the subscriber living on the premises. Lunenburg, August 2. (ep4t.) JOSEPH SMITH.
NEAL NELSON, BOOT & SHOE MANUFACTURER.
MAIN-STREET, RICHMOND.
MAKES Boots & Shoes
to every pattern or fashion, equal in point of MATERIALS and WORKMANSHIP to any in general use. Imported Boots and Shoes, of the best quality and newest fashion, for sale. Gentlemen at a distance, who are disposed to forward their measure, by paying attention to the annexed cut, can be fitted with Boots or Shoes as well as if they were on the spot.....A—the length of the Boot.....B—round the Calf.....E—the pitch of the Heel.....D—round the Heel and under.....F—round the Heel.....G—across the ball of the foot. Fix the heel against a perpendicular, and stick a knife at the end of the great toe—let down the figures the number of inches and quarters, in the different measures. January 1. ep4t
THE subscriber is authorized to borrow (or otherwise dispose of) a very valuable and productive property in the upper country, which is estimated, by the proprietor, to be worth between 30 and 40,000 dollars, but he will be perfectly willing that its cash value shall be judged by disinterested men.
Virginia Bank Stock will be taken in exchange, and a very liberal price allowed. The above mentioned property is situated in a healthy country, about 120 miles above this place, and within 10 miles of James river. August 23. (tf) THOMAS NORVELL.
BE it remembered,
That on the twenty-first day of August, in the thirty-third year of the Independence of the United States of America, Daniel Call, of the said District, first deposed in this office, the title of a Book, the right whereof he claims as Author, in the words following, to wit: "Reports of Cases, argued and adjudged in the Court of Appeals of Virginia by Daniel Call—esquire this year." In conformity to the act of the Congress of the United States, entitled "An act for the encouragement of learning by securing the copies of maps, charts and books to the authors and proprietors of such copies during the times therein mentioned;" and also to an act entitled, "An act supplementary to an act entitled an act for the encouragement of learning by securing the copies of maps, charts and books to the authors and proprietors of such copies during the times therein mentioned, and extending the benefits thereof to the arts of engraving, and etching historical and other prints." August 27. WILLIAM MARSHALL, Clerk of the District of Virginia. (spw)
IMPEACHMENT OF JUDGE CHASE.
SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 23.
MR. MARTIN, in continuation.
We have now more particularly to discuss the charges made against Judge Chase, as they relate to Mr. Hay, the other counsel for Callender. Mr. Hay insisted that the indictment could not be supported, because the title of Callender's publication, parts of which were charged to be libelous, was not inserted in the indictment, to wit, because it was not stated in the indictment that the book, which contained the libelous matter, was called "The Prospect Before Us." And to support this objection, he went on to prove, that when an indictment contains libelous writings in tenor following, the libelous part of the writing set forth, and on which the indictment is found, must be set forth verbatim et litteratim . There was no attempt to show that any expression in the indictment, was not stated correctly both verbally and literally, as published by Callender. The indictment did not charge the title of the book as being libelous. It did not notice the title of the book in any manner. If the title of the book was necessary to have been inserted, which was a most absurd and inconclusive argument to support the position than that upon which Mr. Hay relied; and the Judge showed great temper in merely expressing it to ridicule in the manner he did, by observing, that as he insisted the libelous matter should be set out verbatim et litteratim , he wondered he had not also insisted it should be set forth punctiliter . An observation, by the way, which perhaps contained as much of good sense as of martinetism, since we all know the famous words written or printed, will be liable to different constructions, and convey very different meanings, as they are punctiliter. Mr. Hay, it appears from his own testimony, as well as the testimony of the other witnesses, was guilty of very improper conduct to the court. He insisted that if the prisoner was convicted upon that indictment, he might again be indicted for the same offence, and could not defend himself by the conviction on the indictment then before the court. When the court advised him he was mistaken in the law, Mr. Hay still persisted and declared that he should not be more surprised, even if Mr. Callender should again be indicted for the same offence, and should be punished a second time for the same offence, than he was surprised at the indictment then before the court, and the attempt to punish Callender in consequence of that indictment. What language, I pray you, could be used to the court, but in reality addressed to the populace, more derogatory to the then administration, as being unprincipled, oppressive, or containing a more direct attack upon the integrity of the judges, holding them up as the venal tools of the then administration, ready to be the instruments of its oppression!
What was also the final conduct of Mr. Hay,
when having repeatedly attempted to argue to the jury against the direction of the court, and being as repeatedly been interrupted and stopped by the court? He took up his papers to withdraw; upon which the court told him, if he pleased he might proceed. His answer was, "I will not." When the court further observed, you will not Mr. Hay, be captious, go on if you please in any manner you choose, and we will not interrupt you. Even then, when in my opinion, the court had, as in Pries's case, made improper concessions, what was his answer? "I am not captious, but I will not proceed." And he folded up his papers and withdrew.
How came he thus to act? As to Callender,
he acknowledged he despised the wretch, that he acted was to serve the cause, not Callender. How was he to serve the cause? By giving an impression to the public mind. What impression did he wish to give? By holding up the idea of oppression on the part of the government, and corruption on the part of the court. But finding himself thus foiled in his attempt, by the superior abilities of my honorable client, and his superior knowledge of mankind; finding that, instead of exciting indignation against my client, my client most fortunately had excited against him the laughter and ridicule of the auditors, he went out in a position. At the same time even the manner in which he left the court shewed his wish to impress the public mind, as far as possible, with sentiments disadvantageous to the court. And as to the interruptions Mr. Hay received, they are clearly proved to be in consequence of his pertinaciously attempting to act contrary to the direction of the court, and in that case the only question could be whether the court or Mr. Hay had the control over the other.
But, for, there is another charge which
has been made against my honorable client, to justify that part of the article which accuses him of calumny . It is said that speaking of Callender's counsel, or addressing himself to them, he called them "young gentlemen." To me it appears astonishing, that these expressions if used by the judge, should be thought reproachful to the counsel, or a proper subject of a criminal charge; and it gave me real pleasure to find that Mr. Nicholson, whose whole conduct marks him as a gentleman, did not consider them offensive. He has observed that he was young at the time, and whoever has seen him as a witness, must be convinced of the truth of his assertion. But we are told that Mr. Wirt was at that time about thirty years of age, had been a married man, and was then a widower. It doth not appear that Judge Chase knew of these circumstances; but if he had, considered that Mr. Wirt was a widower, he certainly erred on the right side, if it was an error, in calling him a young gentleman. But, yet, let it be considered that my honorable client has been rated by the honorable managers, to be nearly three score and ten, let also him great legal attainments be considered, and let me ask, if any person can think his self in age and knowledge, to the extent of "young gentlemen," was offensive to them, much less criminal as to the public? But as to their influence on his business we are told, that addressing himself to Mr. Wirt, who observed that "he was going on," the judge replied "no sir, I am going on, therefore sit down, fir." This address was made by the judge to Mr. Wirt, when he (the judge) was about to give a long opinion to him and the counsel employed with him, which opinion upon Mr. Wirt's sitting down, the court did give. And pray, fir, was there the least impropriety in a situation of that nature, that the court should desire the counsel to be silent and to take their seats?
Before Judge Chase went from Baltimore,
to hold the circuit court at Richmond, he knew that the sedition law had been violated in Virginia. I had myself put into his hands The Prospect Before Us. He felt it his duty to enforce the laws of his country. What, fir, is a judge in one part of the United States, to permit the breach of our laws to go unpunished, because they are there unpopular, and in another part to carry them into execution, because there they may be thought wise and liberal? And would you really wish your judges instead of acting from principles, to court only the applause of their auditors? Would you wish them to be what in Michael Esher has so correctly stated, the most contemptible of all characters—popular judges? Judges who look forward in all their decisions, not for the applause of the wise and good; of their own consciences; of their God! but of the rabble, or any prevailing party? I flatter myself that this honorable senate will never, by their decision, sanction such principles! Our government is not, as we say, tyrannical, nor acting on whim or caprice. We boast of it as being a government of laws. But how can it be such, unless the laws, while they exist, are fiercely and impartially enforced, without regard to popularity, or any other extraneous consideration. What, fir, small judges, this law I will execute, and that I will not; because in the one case I may be benefited, in the other I might make myself enemies? And would you really wish to see under a government where your laws were thus administered? Would you really wish for such unprincipled, such time-serving judges? No, fir, you would not. You will with me say, "Give me the judge who will firmly, boldly, say, even perish , perform his duty, equally uninfluenced equally impartially, by the infamis vulgus tyrannis," or the adoror civium praevaricationem !" Such are the judges we ought to have; such I hope we have and shall have. Our property, our liberty, our lives, can only be protected and secured by such judges . With this honorable court it remains, whether we shall have such judges .
The remaining part of this charge states,
that my honorable client "betrayed an indecent solicitude for the conviction of the accused, unbecoming even a public prosecutor, and as highly disgraceful to the character of a judge, as it was subversive of justice!" I am not certain, fir, whether I exactly know what is here meant, by a public prosecutor , who prosecutes those charged with being guilty of crimes against the public, I am indeed sorry to find that those officers, so necessary, are held by the House of Representatives of the United States in so incorrect a point of view. I deny, fir, the propriety of the remark; and must be permitted to refuse, the public prosecutor from a remark so derogatory. He is as much the protector of innocence, as the avenger of guilt; his duties are as clearly marked as those of a judge. They have both one common object in view, though acting in different characters. The prosecutor and the judge are equally bound to shield the innocent, and to punish the guilty. The prosecutor does the same benefit to his country by having the innocent from punishment, as by preventing the guilty from impunity. Neither the judge nor the prosecutor ought to attempt injuring innocence. It is equally the duty of both to punish guilt ! Such, fir, are my ideas. I have ever understood the duties of an officer , which I have held in the state of Maryland, for twenty-seven years or more; and if my conduct had not been during that period, consonant to these sentiments, I should indeed feel myself degraded and dishonored.
I have now, Mr. President, gone through the
observations, which have appeared to me necessary upon the four first articles. If I have been thought tedious my apology is the respect I feel for the dignified source from which these charges have proceeded;—from my inability to decide, which of the charges the honorable managers will most rely upon, in their conclusion; and the consequent necessity of dilating upon them all; feeble of the extreme danger, that for want of exertions which indeed require greater abilities than I am able to bring into action, erroneous impressions should remain in any instance upon the minds of this honorable court, in a case of such public magnitude, and in which my honorable client is so deeply interested, for his sake—for the sake of my country, I have felt it a sacred duty to exert those few talents which providence hath been pleased to bestow upon me!
It was now five o'clock, when Mr. Martin,
informing the senate, he had not breakfasted that morning—and had not during that day taken any refreshment of any kind, except two glasses of wine and water;—that the him and sixth articles yet remained to be investigated by him, as being altogether of a legal nature; and that he felt himself too much exhausted to proceed—solicited the indulgence of the court to
permit him to conclude on Monday, which
was granted, and the court accordingly adjourned.
Monday, February 25, Mr. MARTIN proceeded
as follows: After having returned my very sincere thanks to this honorable court for their polite attention on Saturday, in giving me time to this morning, I will now proceed to the further investigation of the case, in which we are engaged. But before I call your attention to the fifth and sixth articles of impeachment, permit me to notice some few points that I find had been unattended to by me on Saturday.
When a witness (Mr. Rind) who had been in
some degree concerned in printing the Prospect Before Us, appeared at the trial of Callender to give evidence against him, we are told judge Chase assured him that he might be under no apprehension from giving testimony, for that he should not be prosecuted on account of anything he might say on that trial.
What is the fact from the witness—Mr.
Rind, it seems was summoned as a witness, came forward without a voir dire objection on his part, in order to throw impediments in the way of the prosecution, undertook to interview with the witness of the United States, and to tell him that he was not obliged to give testimony, as it might criminate himself. The judge replied it was very true, but that the court would take care the witness should not be prosecuted on account of anything he should disclose in his evidence, which might effect himself. By this the court only meant that they would not institute any criminal prosecution against the witness, and if any indictment should be found against him grounded on the testimony thus given by him, they would interfere with government to procure a non prossequi , or pardon—and on these conditions, and under such promises, it is a most usual practice to introduce associates and accomplices to give evidence for the conviction of other and greater criminals. But this is suggested to have been improper in the judge; and one of the witnesses, the present attorney general of Virginia, has on his examination further hazarded the idea, that any interference of the court in question ought to have been by the United States attorney for that district and not by the court.
The gentleman is mistaken. In Great Britain
when an accomplice is produced to be a witness, his production, and the security he hath against prosecution on account of anything which he may disclose, having a tendency to criminate himself, is the act of the court and not of the public prosecutor, except so far as it is done under the direction and with the court's approbation. To support this position I will again turn to McNally, page 203.
The admitting an accomplice as a witness
for the Crown, is not a matter granted by the court as of course, but depends upon the question, whether the indictment can be found, and whether the King against Robert and William Luckhurst, Maidstone, Lent Assizes, 1708.
Counsel for the Crown moved, that Avery,
an accomplice, might be brought before the grand jury to give evidence on a bill of indictment.
Justice Buller said it was not a motion of course,
he desired the counsel to read over his brief, & certify that there was not sufficient evidence to convict without the testimony of the accomplice, otherwise he would not allow the motion; because it might be the means of letting off the worst offender, and punishing those to whom otherwise, according to circumstances, mercy might be shown, and he instance a final discharge, which happened at York Assizes. The counsel then stated that this offender had been before admitted king's evidence against the others by the committing justice . Buller said that he would not pay any regard to that, because it ought not to be in the power of a justice of the peace to say, who ought and who ought not to be admitted king's evidence. The counsel in his brief, he thought the accomplice ought to be admitted as evidence; and his motion was granted . That is by the court. This authority clearly shews that in England it is considered the province of the court to decide when, and on what terms accomplices shall be introduced as witnesses; and such has been the usages in Maryland.
And here let me observe before I quit this
subject, as to Mr. Hay's conduct, that although this witness came forward voluntarily to give testimony without making any objection on his part, Mr. Hay, to obstruct the prosecution, officially interferred as far as he could, to deprive the United States of the testimony necessary to convict the offender, and to distress the witness from being sworn. A conduct, I confess I cannot but view as being at least highly censurable, yet, fir, my honorable client suffered it to pass without even the smallest reprimand! This did not shew a disposition, on the part of Judge Chase, to be captious, even with Mr. Hay.
There was another part of the testimony I
omitted to notice; I will now do it, lest the gentleman who comes after me might make the same omission. It has been suggested by two of the witnesses, that the court, in one instance, used the word "we," in the plural number, as identifying the court with the prosecutor of the United States.—Mr. Hay has stated it to have been on the following occasion; when the counsel for Callender reproached the court with being guilty of partiality, in requiring the question, as by them propounded to Col. Taylor to be reduced to writing, although the court had not made a similar requisition of the prosecutor. The court in reply, observed, "the attorney when he opened his case, stated what he expected to prove, but though he did, we were not obliged to." He was asked if he was satisfied as to the correctness of these expressions, he replied in the affirmative, and being taken down as I have now introduced them, and read to him, he adhered to them.—Some mistake there must be, for the words "we" are definite of a single or meaning. "But though he did we were not obliged to." To do what? I presume, to have compelled him to give us his questions in writing.
The fact then must have been, that as the attorney
had disclosed what he meant to prove, & as there was no doubt of the propriety of the evidence, therefore they, the court, were not obliged to require of him to put his questions in writing. This construction reduces the answer to common sense and propriety, and frees the answer from obscurity and confusion. Mr. Nicholson thinks the word "we" was used in

By the brig Nancy, the Editor of the Mercantile Advertiser has received Dublin papers to the 30th July inclusive, containing London dates to the 16th ult. 3 days later than our advices by the Ann from Hull, and Rhoda and Betsey. The following are the only articles of importance.
DUBLIN, July 20. This days mail arrived at 4 o'clock, and the London papers are barren of news from Lord Nelson, and the Combined fleets.
LONDON, July 16. Admiral Ruffel has arrived at Yarmouth with 4 sail of the line from the coast of Holland; and Admiral Douglass has arrived at Dungeness with part of his squadron from Boulogne.
The report of the capture of the Spanish line of battle ship is unfounded. The Carthagena fleet of 7 sail of the line, failed on the 8th of June for Cadiz, but hearing of Admiral Collingwood's being off that port, they returned.
Miscellaneous.
From the Latest London Papers.
The Manuscript of the fourth volume of the Life of General G. Washington has just been received by Mr. Phillips, from Mr. Burford Washington, and the quarto edition will be ready for publication before the end of the month. This important work will be completed in five volumes within the present year.
A new History of England.—The following literary notice appeared in the last Monthly Magazine, and it announces the design of a new and valuable work, which cannot be viewed by the intelligent part of the public without considerable interest.—"William Godwin, author of the life of Geoffrey Chaucer, the first English Poet, and of other works, wishes to give this public notice, that he has undertaken to compile a work, to be entitled The History of England, from the earliest records of events in this island to the revolution in 1688, to be written on a scale not smaller than that of the History of England during the same period, by Hume. He therefore invites all persons who may possess rare books, manuscripts, or documents of any kind, calculated to illustrate the annals of this country, to favor him with the information and use of them. He pledges himself to a just and prudent conduct respecting the articles which may be intrusted to him, and will thankfully acknowledge the facility which may be afforded to his pursuit. He would not have undertaken such a work, were he not animated with the ardent hope, by study and diligence, to throw a new light upon our annals; and it will be the first object of his vigilance to direct himself of such partialities and prepossessions as might lead him in any degree to distort or misrepresent any transaction or character of which he shall have occasion to treat."
A poor woman lately lost her fight and hearing in consequence of fright, occasioned by a violent paroxysm of epilepsy with which her husband was attacked in the night; her hearing and the sight of one eye have been restored, and that of the other she enjoys at intervals, without any surgical treatment but merely a strengthening regimen. The case is interesting, in tending to display the ascendancy of the mind over our material organization.
A Staffordshire potter has obtained a patent for making window-frames of earthen-ware, which he states, will be more durable, less heavy and more cleanly than either metal or wood.
The Light House on the hill of Howth, on the north side of the Bay of Dublin, is now lighted by ignited smoke.
A prize of 500 roubles has been offered by the Academy of Science at St. Petersburg, for the best Memoir on the subject of new experiments on Light, considered as Matter, on the properties that ought to be attributed to it, on the affinities which it appears to have with other bodies, and on the modifications and phenomena which appear in those instances, in consequence of the combinations which the light forms in them. Individuals of every nation may send their Memoirs till the 1st of May 1806.
Thursday evening a most unfortunate accident happened on board one of the transports at Yarmouth, containing part of the Roxburgh Militia.—After nearly a calm day, a very sudden and furious gale sprung up from the N.E. and before their canvas could be sufficiently reduced, one vessel was laid on her beam ends, and three soldiers were thrown overboard. A boat was instantly manned by ten seamen and soldiers, in hopes of saving their comrades; but the crew had the melancholy prospect of seeing these brave fellows fall a sacrifice to their humanity, and perish with those they endeavoured to rescue.
MR. BETTY.
From the European Magazine. [The following communication is inserted with the acquiescence of the respectable veteran, whose name is subjoined.]
MR. ASPERN. I see by your elegant Magazine of the last month, you are flow of credit to newspaper authority for Mr. Betty's having refused to urge his son to play one night for the Decayed Actors of the Theatre Royal Drury Lane. You may depend on the fact; for I wrote the subjoined letter; but, thinking I should arrogate too much to myself, I laid it before the Committee, who flattered me by their adoption, and sent it to him by their Secretary, and, in six weeks after, received an answer in the negative. Very truly yours, J. MOODY.
Barnes Terrace, June 12, 1805.
TO MR. BETTY.
"Teach me to feel another's woe."
SIR, From a liberal mind, I am sure of pardon in the cause of humanity, for this trespass on your time. To be brief and simple is the life of business and the foul of offence.
We, undersigned, the Master, Trustees, and Committee for managing the Fund for the Decayed Actors of the Theatre Royal Drury Lane, raised by that great master of his art, David Garrick, Esq., and by him incorporated by an Act of Parliament for the purpose of finding, at this time, our finances so low, have been obliged to pare down the income of our poor claimants by a severe and heavy poundage; and, unless your funds forth for us, with his transcendent abilities, one night, we shall be pronounced. We have chosen you, Sir, our advocate to him for this liberal deed of benevolence to be extended to his aged distressed brethren; which, joined to his present popularity, will confer on his name to time's end. With great respect, We are your obedt. servants, MADDOCKS, Sec. For Committee, &c. Theatre Royal, Drury Lane, March 1805.
A London date of July 6, says "M c Loone JEROME BONAPARTE was yesterday morning delivered of a son, at her residence in Park-place, Camberwell. Mr. AVELING, o f Camberwell, was the accoucheur."
It does not appear that the blockade of Cadiz has been resumed. Letters from that port, of the 28th May, speak positively as to that point, and remark at the same time, upon the inutility of such a measure, there not being a single ship of war in that harbor. This intelligence is not in unison with the pompous accounts inserted in most of the continental papers, of the formidable preparations in the ports of Spain, which mention that ten sail of the line were in readiness at Cadiz.
From some fids stated in the last letters that have reached us from Jamaica, we are inclined to think that Island will be indebted for a considerable portion of its security, to the alarm occasioned by the visit lately paid to these Islands by the Ro-befort squadron.
Sir William Burroughs postponed the Resolutions of which he had given notice, respecting the conduct of Sir Horace Popham, till the next Session of Parliament, but was desirous of reading them, in which he was interrupted by the House and the Speaker.
In the House of Lords a warm discussion took place on the second reading of the Duke of Althorpe's Bill. Lord Ellenborough was particularly severe on the measure, and on the Ministers by whom it had been recommended and supported. Lord Sidmouth and the Lord Chancellor were also against the Bill. After a debate, which lasted till near one o'clock, the question for the second reading was carried by a majority of 25 to 11. None of the Peers who generally vote in opposition were present at the time of the division.
Mr. Mark Sprott has been examined by the Committee for managing the Impeachment of Lord Melville; and his books have also been inspected.
NEW-YORK, August 30. The ship Rhoda and Betsey, arrived last evening in 44 days from Liverpool, and we have extended our files of English papers to the 13th of July, four days later than our advices by the Liverpool Packet. The hour at which they were received will not permit us to do more than notice the outlines of their contents in a summary manner.
Mer. Ade. The Grand Signior in answer to a letter from Bonaparte in notifying his accession to the throne of Paly, has given the latter assurances of his friendship, but refuses to acknowledge him either as Emperor of France or King of Italy.
A bloody battle between the insurgents of Servia and a body of Turks has taken place on the borders of Moravia, in which the former remained masters of the field, though with considerable loss, their commanding officer being amongst the killed.
Sixteen thousand French and Dutch troops are encamped a few miles from Amsterdam, who are held in readiness to march at the shortest notice, supposed to be destined to embark in the expedition against England. The Dutch troops are said to rejoice at the idea; not from a wish to assist in conquering England, but to have an opportunity of deserting. The fleet in the Texel is extremely ill managed, and rigidly disciplined, and badly victualled.
On the morning of the 11th July it was mentioned publicly by Mr. Erskine, in the Court of King's Bench, that advices had been received of Lord Nelson's having fallen in with the combined fleet, had captured eight sail of the line, and was in pursuit of the rest. No official account had reached Government of this event.
Talleyrand is said to have died at Milan of an apoplectic fit. The British Parliament was prorogued by commission on the 12th. The speech delivered by the Lord Chancellor on the occasion mentions that his majesty had not yet been able to say before Parliament the result of the negotiations in which he is engaged with powers on the continent, but that no step would be omitted for promoting such a concert as may afford the best prospect of restoring general and permanent tranquillity; or if, if necessary, furnish the means of repelling with vigour the continued encroachments on the part of the French government, which threaten every day more and more the liberty and independence of all the nations of Europe.
A letter from Holland states that considerable bodies of troops were marching to the Helder, for the purpose of being embarked. The differences between Schimmelpennick and General Marmont had risen to a great height, in consequence of an attempt made by the former to check the boundless profusion and extravagance of the French general.
A report was circulated at the Hague that Bonaparte had declared war against the Emperor of Germany; but it obtained no credit. Price of Stock, July 13, at noon—Consols 50 1-2 Omnium 6 1-4.
A letter from Paris, dated the 23 July, in a Dutch paper, says "The troops on the coast are in motion, and their numbers are estimated from 150 to 200,000 men. No less than 2000 vessels are lying ready in the Road and in the Port. The flotilla consists of Brams being a large kind of vessel, having cannon and horses on board, of Gun boats, Pinks, and Chaloupes, carrying a 24 pounder."
"A Bafon has been formed in the port of Boulogne, capable of receiving one half of the armed vessels."
"In the port of Vincennes, 2 leagues north of Boulogne, lie the Imperial cutters, and other armed ships. The encampments at Boulogne, Etaples, and other places, consist of square wooden barracks, plastered on the outside, ranged in three lines, and divided from each other by little gardens."
Vice-Admiral De Winter has been appointed Commander in Chief of the Texel expedition, with permission to hoist his flag on board whatever ship he may chuse.
The Hibernia, Admiral Gardner, arrived at Portsmouth on the 9th. The command is given up to Admiral Cornwallis. The American ship William and Mary, from New-York, with flour, arrived on the same day, detained by the Kent privateer.
Letters from Lisbon of the 28th June mention that the King of Spain is dangerously ill; and this statement is corroborated by advices from Cadiz of the 19th, which also state that they have the prospect of a very plentiful harvest.
NORFOLK, September 2.
By Captain CORAN, of the ship Ariel in 50 days from Dunkirk we have received a regular file of the GAZETTE DE FRANCE, from the 1st of May to the 24th of June. The intelligence which they contain has been anticipated by other arrivals.
From Captain Coran, we understand, that a few days before he found, a new imposition had been laid on the Dutch commerce, and affecting that of this country. The French government suspecting that the Dutch government, convicted of the violation of certain laws relative to the importation of British manufactures, and of the law which prohibits an American vessel, having touched in England going into Holland, have compelled all tobacco intended for Holland to pass through Antwerp. We regret that we cannot present our readers with more satisfactory particulars, upon such an interesting subject. [Ledger.]
their proofs, notwithstanding any prorogation of Parliament. It does not appear that the blockade of Cadiz has been resumed. Letters from that port, of the 28th May, speak positively as to that point, and remark at the same time, upon the inutility of such a measure, there not being a single ship of war in that harbor. This intelligence is not in unison with the pompous accounts inserted in most of the continental papers, of the formidable preparations in the ports of Spain, which mention that ten sail of the line were in readiness at Cadiz.
From some fids stated in the last letters that have reached us from Jamaica, we are inclined to think that Island will be indebted for a considerable portion of its security, to the alarm occasioned by the visit lately paid to these Islands by the Ro-befort squadron.
Sir William Burroughs postponed the Resolutions of which he had given notice, respecting the conduct of Sir Horace Popham, till the next Session of Parliament, but was desirous of reading them, in which he was interrupted by the House and the Speaker.
In the House of Lords a warm discussion took place on the second reading of the Duke of Althorpe's Bill. Lord Ellenborough was particularly severe on the measure, and on the Ministers by whom it had been recommended and supported. Lord Sidmouth and the Lord Chancellor were also against the Bill. After a debate, which lasted till near one o'clock, the question for the second reading was carried by a majority of 25 to 11. None of the Peers who generally vote in opposition were present at the time of the division.
Mr. Mark Sprott has been examined by the Committee for managing the Impeachment of Lord Melville; and his books have also been inspected.
NEW-YORK, August 30. The ship Rhoda and Betsey, arrived last evening in 44 days from Liverpool, and we have extended our files of English papers to the 13th of July, four days later than our advices by the Liverpool Packet. The hour at which they were received will not permit us to do more than notice the outlines of their contents in a summary manner.
Mer. Ade. The Grand Signior in answer to a letter from Bonaparte in notifying his accession to the throne of Paly, has given the latter assurances of his friendship, but refuses to acknowledge him either as Emperor of France or King of Italy.
A bloody battle between the insurgents of Servia and a body of Turks has taken place on the borders of Moravia, in which the former remained masters of the field, though with considerable loss, their commanding officer being amongst the killed.
Sixteen thousand French and Dutch troops are encamped a few miles from Amsterdam, who are held in readiness to march at the shortest notice, supposed to be destined to embark in the expedition against England. The Dutch troops are said to rejoice at the idea; not from a wish to assist in conquering England, but to have an opportunity of deserting. The fleet in the Texel is extremely ill managed rigidly disciplined, and badly victualled.
On the morning of the 11th July it was mentioned publicly by Mr. Erskine, in the Court of King's Bench, that advices had been received of Lord Nelson's having fallen in with the combined fleet, had captured eight sail of the line, and was in pursuit of the rest. No official account had reached Government of this event.
Talleyrand is said to have died at Milan of an apoplectic fit. The British Parliament was prorogued by commission on the 12th. The speech delivered by the Lord Chancellor on the occasion mentions that his majesty had not yet been able to say before Parliament the result of the negotiations in which he is engaged with powers on the continent, but that no step would be omitted for promoting such a concert as may afford the best prospect of restoring general and permanent tranquillity; or if, if necessary, furnish the means of repelling with vigour the continued encroachments on the part of the French government, which threaten every day more and more the liberty and independence of all the nations of Europe.
A letter from Holland states that considerable bodies of troops were marching to the Helder, for the purpose of being embarked. The differences between Schimmelpennick and General Marmont had risen to a great height, in consequence of an attempt made by the former to check the boundless profusion and extravagance of the French general.
A report was circulated at the Hague that Bonaparte had declared war against the Emperor of Germany; but it obtained no credit. Price of Stock, July 13, at noon—Consols 50 1-2 Omnium 6 1-4.
A letter from Paris, dated the 23 July, in a Dutch paper, says "The troops on the coast are in motion, and their numbers are estimated from 150 to 200,000 men. No less than 2000 vessels are lying ready in the Road and in the Port. The flotilla consists of Brams being a large kind of vessel, having cannon and horses on board, of Gun boats, Pinks, and Chaloupes, carrying a 24 pounder."
"A Bafon has been formed in the port of Boulogne, capable of receiving one half of the armed vessels."
"In the port of Vincennes, 2 leagues north of Boulogne, lie the Imperial cutters, and other armed ships. The encampments at Boulogne, Etaples, and other places, consist of square wooden barracks, plastered on the outside, ranged in three lines, and divided from each other by little gardens."
Vice-Admiral De Winter has been appointed Commander in Chief of the Texel expedition, with permission to hoist his flag on board whatever ship he may chuse.
The Hibernia, Admiral Gardner, arrived at Portsmouth on the 9th. The command is given up to Admiral Cornwallis. The American ship William and Mary, from New-York, with flour, arrived on the same day, detained by the Kent privateer.
Letters from Lisbon of the 28th June mention that the King of Spain is dangerously ill; and this statement is corroborated by advices from Cadiz of the 19th, which also state that they have the prospect of a very plentiful harvest.
NORFOLK, September 2.
By Captain CORAN, of the ship Ariel in 50 days from Dunkirk we have received a regular file of the GAZETTE DE FRANCE, from the 1st of May to the 24th of June. The intelligence which they contain has been anticipated by other arrivals.
From Captain Coran, we understand, that a few days before he found, a new imposition had been laid on the Dutch commerce, and affecting that of this country. The French government suspecting that the Dutch government, convicted of the violation of certain laws relative to the importation of British manufactures, and of the law which prohibits an American vessel, having touched in England going into Holland, have compelled all tobacco intended for Holland to pass through Antwerp. We regret that we cannot present our readers with more satisfactory particulars, upon such an interesting subject. [Ledger.]
one instance by the court, as understood by him, in the same incorrect manner, as identifying the court with the attorney, but not at the time, or on the occasion to which Mr. Hay alludes; he however is incapable to specify at what time, or on what occasion. I ask, Sir, upon such evidence so uncertain, so vague, so unsupported, can any criminality be fixed, as to this part of the charge, upon my honorable client?
Indulge me, Sir, with a few remarks on certain private and social conversations, which it seems have taken place between the Judge and some others, and which though perfectly innocent of themselves, have been pressed into the service of this prosecution, and attempted to be distorted into criminality—and I will then quit this part of the charges. A very worthy and respectable gentleman, with whom I have long been acquainted (John T. Mason, Esq.) has been called upon to disclose a jocular conversation, which took place between him and my honorable client, a few days before he went on to Richmond, to hold the court at which Callender was tried. On that occasion he tells us Judge Chase informed him that he was going to hold the court at Richmond, and that he was determined to teach the Virginia bar the difference between the liberty and the licentiousness of the press. That as to himself, there was no person a greater friend to its real liberty, nor a more decided enemy to its licentiousness. Judge Chase further observed that he was in possession of a copy of the Prospect Before Us, which I had given to him, and said either if the state of Virginia was not totally debased, or that if there was an honest jury to be found in the state, Mr. Mason would be the first to bring Callender to punishment. Mr. Mason has declared the conversation was open and public, in the presence of a number of gentlemen, perfectly jocular, and in great good humor, and it is proved the conversation was introduced by Mr. Mason himself, whose facetious talents are so well known. That gentleman has declared that it was painful to him to be obliged now to disclose what then passed. Nor can any person doubt it; or that nothing but a sense of the obligation he owes to his country, when thus called upon to obey the claim of duty upon him, could have induced him thus to disclose the particulars of this jocular and facetious conversation, introduced by himself, to gratify the views of any person, who would with to turn it to the disadvantage of my honorable client.
But, Sir, I will ask, in all this what is there that fixes any criminality on Judge Chase, or which indicated on his part a disposition to oppress? It was a fact notoriously known, that the bar of Virginia, in general did, or at least professed to, consider the sedition law unconstitutional, as unduly restraining the liberty of the press that great palladium of our rights. On the contrary, my honorable client with many other respectable characters, legal and other, considered it as a wholesome and necessary restraint upon its licentiousness, and believed that such restraint was the best security for the preservation of its liberty. And on this subject let me introduce the authority of Dr. Franklin, himself a printer, and as great an advocate for the liberty of the press, as any reasonable man ought to be. He has declared that unless the slander and calumny of the press is restrained by some other law, it will be restrained by club law. The sentiment, Sir, is just. If gentlemen cannot find in the laws of their country a protection from that profligate conduct of printers, which is at this time so common, or cannot obtain from the laws of their governments ample punishment against their base calumniators, they will become their own avengers; they will resort for that purpose. But to return to my client, it was his knowledge of the prevailing ideas of the Virginia bar that induced him to the expressions which amounted to no more than his strong sense, that they had erroneous opinions as to what was the true liberty of the press, and did not properly distinguish between its liberty and its licentiousness.
And as to the determination he expressed that he would bring Callender to punishment, Mr. Mason has declared that every thing the judge said on that subject was predicated upon the supposition, that Callender was, in reality, the author of the Prospect Before Us.
There was nothing then, personal as to Callender, but only an honest indignation expressed against a vile libeller, whomever he might be. The Judge had in his hands one of the most flagitious libels ever published in America—a case in which there had been the most impudent and daring violation of a law of the United States;—he considered it his duty to put the law in force against such an offender. And was it not? Yes, Sir, if a Judge, either of his own knowledge, or by information derived from a respectable source, has reason to believe the laws of his country have been violated, particularly in cases of magnitude, it is his sacred duty to recommend to the grand jury an examination into such crimes, and to endeavor to bring their perpetrators to due punishment. Sir, I disclaim the idea, that a Judge shews a want of impartiality because he is desirous to see justice punished. Sir, have no idea, that our judges should be, like the gods of Epicurus, lolling upon their beds of down, equally careless whether the laws of their country are obeyed or violated, instead of actively discharging their duties. Judge Chase went to Richmond determined to enforce the laws of his country; it was an honest determination! He might, it is certain, under the frivolous pretexts used for that purpose, have continued the cause to another term, he might by so doing have left the odium of enforcing this obnoxious law to be incurred by some other of the Judges; by so doing my honorable client might have avoided the obloquy to which he has been exposed on account of this trial, and this impeachment as far as it is founded thereon. But had he so done, in my opinion, he would have been guilty of a cowardly dereliction of his duty.
Mr. Triplet has also been introduced to prove casual conversation in the moments of unguarded familiarity and levity. He it seems travelled in the noble stage with Judge Chase to Richmond—On the second day of their journey, having formed an acquaintance during that time, some conversation being introduced relative to Callender, Mr. Triplet informed the Judge that Callender had, when he first came to Virginia, been taken up in Berkeley county as a vagrant; and Judge Chase replied "It is a pity that they had not hung the rascal." And this is introduced to prove that the Judge left Baltimore with a predetermined intention to oppress and do injustice to Callender!
I have, Sir, heard, I believe, more than one hundred of the most respectable gentlemen of all political parties use similar expressions, not only when speaking of Callender, but also of some other printers: But these expressions I only considered as marking their disapprobation of the conduct of those printers, not as a proof they would be guilty of injustice towards them, or that they would do them any unauthorised injury. Triplet had in the stage informed my client that he had never seen Callender; the Judge meeting him at the door of the tavern, where they both lodged, as he came from court, the day on which the bench-war-
rant issued, observed to Triplet, "that the marshal had gone after Callender, therefore that he probably would have the pleasure of seeing him," and a day or two after informed Triplet that the marshal had returned without Callender, and he was afraid they should not catch the damned rascal that court. Triplet has told us he boarded with Judge Chase at the same tavern six days; they were travelling together three days, during this whole time of nine days, such only are the scraps of loose, idle conversation, which have been picked up and brought forward as indicating a hostile and oppressive principle towards Callender.
As to the word "damned," which has been introduced in the conversation, however it may sound elsewhere in the United States, I cannot apprehend it will be considered very offensive, even from the mouth of a judge on this side of the Susquehanna;—to the south ward of that river it is in familiar use, generally introduced as a word of comparison, supplying frequently the place of the word "very,"—not confined to cases where we mean to convey censure, but frequently connected with subjects the most pleasing; thus we say indiscriminately a very good or a damned good bottle of wine; a damned good dinner, or a damned clever fellow.
But, Sir, what must at once efface every pretence of a disposition hostile and oppressive towards Callender on the part of Judge Chase is, the mildness of the punishment inflicted. (To be continued.)
European Intelligence.
FROM ENGLISH PAPERS TO JUNE 9, BY THE JOHN AND ALICE, FROM LIVERPOOL, ARRIVED AT PHILADELPHIA.
London, July 2.
Monthly Commercial Report.
Nothing is so remarkable in our commercial review of the present month, as the torpor and deadness of almost every species of trade and manufacture. So severely is the stagnation felt in our great manufacturing towns, that at Manchester some considerable houses have been compelled to suspend their payments, and this has been followed by the failure of many others in the metropolis. All cotton goods are greatly depressed in price, and are expected to go yet lower.
Owing to the unexpected movements of the enemy's fleet, and the yet uncertain destination of the combined force, a great check has been given to our export trade. Considering the ocean as traversed in almost every direction by our merchantmen, it is alike fortunate and extraordinary that not more of them have fallen into the hands of the French squadrons, either in the W. Indies, or in their passage to & from thence to Europe. The premium of insurance at Lloyd's has varied in the course of this month, from five to twenty-five guineas on the same risks.
The restraints so tyrannically imposed by Bonaparte on the commerce of Holland, has exceedingly embarrassed our intercourse with that country. Of the various articles which compose the new code of Dutch commerce, the following are the most important, and are immediately levelled against its trade with Great-Britain:
1. The repeal and abolition of all taxes and resolutions existing before the decree against trading with Great-Britain. 2. A prohibition of all direct commerce from any of the Dutch ports with Great-Britain. 3. Every vessel that shall arrive in any of the Dutch ports, with false or forced papers, direct from Great-Britain, or any port or haven thereunto belonging, shall together with every article of her cargo, be confiscated. 4. A prohibition of all importation of British manufacture, from any place, and in any manner soever, under penalty of the articles being confiscated, and a fine of 1000 guilders. All indirect importation shall be punished corporally, and, if the case requires it, capitally. The term British manufacture comprises coal and train oil. 5. The captains, passengers, and crew are prohibited from taking with them, letters, packets, or any thing whatever, intended for any port or haven in Great-Britain, under the penalty of a fine of 1000 guilders, and one year's confinement, &c.
The Gotterburgh mail which arrived on the 6th inst. brought advices that the treaty between England, Russia, and Sweden, was finally arranged and concluded, in consequence of which the embargo was instantly taken off all ships bound to the Baltic.
By the Princess Charlotte Packet, which arrived at Falmouth on the 5th from the Leeward Islands, the agreeable intelligence was received of the safe arrival at Surinam, on the 8th of April, of a valuable fleet from London, without a single ship missing.
The rate of Exchange on Amsterdam, is 38.3 for the pound sterling—on Hamburg, 35.8—on Bordeaux, 26.7—on Dublin, 12 1/2 per cent. Portugal gold is at 41 per ounce; silver, in new dollars, at 58. 2d. per ounce. The insurance to Bengal is at 12 guineas per cent.—to the Mediterranean, 25 guineas;—to America, two guineas;—to Africa, 20 guineas;—and, to Madeira, eight guineas.
Large quantities of cochineal, coffee, hides, sugar, and wood, have been recently imported into London.
Exchange bills, to the amount of 11,500,000 are to be brought into the money market, in the course of the year.
The commercial intercourse with Holland is again, to a certain degree, renewed. Letters are now despatched for that country, from the Post-office, on Tuesdays and Fridays.
The French confess that their trade is absolutely annihilated. Their 5 per cents. are at 60f. 30c.
The port of Genoa has been, for some time, deserted by all its seafaring trade and merchant shipping, on account of the vigilance with which the blockade has been maintained by the English cruisers.
The late Fair at Leipzig was attended by a vast concourse of people, from all Germany, from Great-Britain, and from the countries in the north and south of Europe. The dealers from Russia and Poland made large purchases. English goods were chiefly in demand. The agents from England and Scotland found it necessary to bring up large quantities of new goods towards the end of the fair.
The herring fishery has commenced in the Firth of Clyde. The herrings first taken were sold in Glasgow at 6d. each.
The first ships have returned from the Whaler-Fishery on the coast of Greenland and in Davis's Straits. They have returned full. And by the accounts which they bring, the fishery of this year appears to have been in general very successful.
The Bank of Ireland has lately issued silver pieces, each in value, to a very considerable amount. These pieces the Bank promises to receive back again in payment, if they shall not be mutilated nor detaced.

West Indies.
New-York, Aug. 29.
We have received Jamaica papers by the Schooner Nancy, to the 20th July, in one of which we find a proclamation by the Governor to the following effect: "That as the general scarcity of provisions prevails throughout the island, and the exigency of the case requires it, certain other articles, not enumerated in the proclamation of the 20th May, shall be permitted to be imported, in neutral vessels until the 21st December next, as sheep, hogs, poultry, small live stock of all kinds, fruit, fish, flour, cornmeal, corn, bread, rice, beans, peas, and lumber of every description."
By the Nancy from Kingston we have received papers to the 20th ult.
Kingston, (Jam.) July 29.
His Honor the Lieutenant Governor has been pleased to issue a proclamation bearing date the 24th current, allowing that, "as the general scarcity of provisions which prevails throughout the island, and the exigency of the case requires it, certain other articles and things, not enumerated in the proclamation of the 20th May, shall be permitted to be imported until the 21st day of December next viz: sheep, hogs, poultry, small live stock of all kinds, fruit, and all sorts of fish, flour, corn, corn-meal, bread, rice, peas, beans, and lumber of every description, in vessels belonging to neutral and other states in amity with G. Britain."
Extract of a letter from La Guaira, to a gentleman in this Borough, dated Aug. 9.
"The ports on this coast are positively shut against all neutral vessels, and are likely to continue so until March or April—There have been 60 or 70 vessels turned away from here within 25 days."
Captain Kennard, of the brig Camilla, states, that on the 22d inst. he broke the block-ade, and 11 days from Nevis, bound to New-Haven; and that Capt. P. informed him, that the evening before he failed, intelligence was received at Nevis, that another French fleet had arrived in the West Indies. Mer. Adv.
Captain Montgomery, arrived at New London from Demerara, informs that no kind of salted provisions are allowed to be landed at that place, unless by special permit of the Governor; which costs, generally, one quarter what the cargo will sell for when landed. The market, for all kinds of American produce, is extremely dull. lb.
Domestic Intelligence.
NEW-YORK, August 21.
Captain Weymouth from Richmond, informs us, that on Thursday evening a British sloop of war (called the Hawk, alias the Driver) brought to a ship (with yellow tides and white lead, of about 200 tons, and deeply laden) detained her two hours, and at dusk was standing off with her. Mer. Adv.
A letter from Tripoli, dated April 10, received at Philadelphia, mentions, "by a vessel which Command. Barron has sent to Tripoli, with money, clothing, &c. we all received letters from our friends in America."
"I expect we shall in a few days remove to the American House. The change will be for the better, and we consider our removals as a good omen." lb.
A letter from Paris, states, "that the drawing of the Bills for American claims was fast progressing." lb.
SOMETHING MORE SERIOUS. —We have had the perusal of a letter from Captain Adams of the ship Recovery of this port, to his owner, in which we discover more cause for alarm than anything which has preceded. But it is necessary to give a short history of this vessel—the belongs to a merchant of this place, was loaded on account of citizens, with a valuable cargo of Flour, Rice, Rum, Sugar, and Coffee, and bound from this port to Gibraltar. Captain Adams writes, under date from Algiers, the 13th of July, "I was this day carried before the tribunal, having no Spanish Consul's certificate, they will undoubtedly condemn the property, it is painful to me to say I have no power to appeal."—It would appear that we have reached the last stage of humiliation. What! must our vessels to be safe from capture, have passports from a Spanish Consul? Are the papers of our own Government treated with such marked contempt? Whether the apprehensions of Captain Adams be realized or not, it will not alone be the insult which is conveyed, in making a cause of capture and detention, that foreign flags are not furnished with a Spanish Consul's passport. We expect we shall have it in our power to lay before the public the result of this case, for which reason we shall defer any further remarks upon the subject. Norfolk Ledger
PHILADELPHIA, August 20.
We understand that appearances as to sickness, in the lower part of Southwark, are more unfavorable since the change of weather, and that the board of health have ordered the communication between that part of the city to be cut off, by stationing watchmen in such situations as to prevent people from passing. Every part of the city continues very healthy. [Gaz. U. S.]
We think it our duty once more to state, that in the same neighborhood in Southwark, in which so many cases of fever had previously occurred, there were as we are informed, not less than twelve new cases yesterday—six persons, we understand, had been removed to the hospital. [Aurora.]
We defend to the grave by a natural succession sufficiently rapid, without the adventitious aid of being prematurely cut short by means of new-papers. Many of these have lately mentioned the death of the Rev. Thomas Coke, L. L. D. one of the Bishops of the Methodist Episcopal Church in the United States, and the article was copied of course. We are now enabled to state, on the authority of a letter received by a respectable clergyman here, (and we do it with singular pleasure) that this worthy and distinguished Prelate, has not deceased, but was recently married to a most amiable lady. The letter referred to does not mention her name; all therefore that we can add at present is— for died read married.  Provo. Gaz.
A letter from Gov. Sevier to the editor of the Knoxville Gazette, dated Marble Springs, 22nd July, says, I returned from the treaty on Friday evening last, after spending two weeks to no purpose. The Indians offered to make Duck river the line from the mouth up about four miles above the old or present line, there-
parallel line with the present one, to the road leading to Blackburn's, taking in about 4 miles eastwardly of the present line; thence with the present line as high up as to the opposite the head of Cove creek, in the Walnut cove, thence a straight line across so as to intersect Butler's line giving all above adjoining Kentucky, with the four mile dip, and from the Duck river ridge to the river. The commissioners refused to accept it, or any less than the boundary line of 1786.
Major Kenan is elected a representative to Congress in the room of Mr. Gillespie, deceased.
Ch Enquirer.
RICHMOND, 6th SEPTEMBER.
VINDICATION OF MR. JEFFERSON.
No. IV.
Incurfions of the enemy into the upper country.
It was shortly after this period that Mr. Jefferson repaired to Monticello, 2 or 3 miles from Charlottesville, where the legislature had determined to meet in the early part of June. His office was on the point of expiring; his country was invaded by a powerful and persevering enemy: No skill could be too disciplined to combat their activity; no length of time seemed likely to exhaust the venom of their persecution. Mr. Jefferson distinctly perceived the danger which was hovering over his country; and he determined to sacrifice the little remnant of his authority for the more effectual preservation of the commonwealth.
He knew how necessary it is to the success of military affairs that a commander should be known by his troops. But in the short remnant, which remained of his constitutional term of service, he could scarcely expect to form an acquaintance with & to conciliate the love of his army. Could he even have succeeded beyond his most sanguine expectations, to what mighty use would his exertions have been applied at the very moment when they should be attended with success? When he had obtained the love and the confidence of his army; when he was about to draw upon the discipline and valour of his troops; the confusion would have swept him of his functions; an unknown successor would have kept into the command, and the precious moment of activity might have been lost in going through the mere ceremonial of cultivating the acquaintance and obtaining the confidence of the soldiers. But at the head of the Militia there was already to be seen a commander whose person was known to the army, and whose orders had long received their obedience. Was it not then the duty of Mr. Jefferson to have resigned the small remaining portion of his authority during which he could have done so little, for the purpose of increasing the powers of a successor, who was already capable of accomplishing so much? To the Military attainments of that successor too, Mr. Jefferson was modest enough to yield the palm of uncontested honour. Educated amidst the civil professions of society, he had the magnanimity to think himself inferior to a commander, to whom experience had familiarized
Of the deep column and the long-limbed line. The square, the crescent, and the phalanx firm.
Animated by these convictions, Mr. Jefferson resigned the helm of government. His friends in the legislature, whilst they admired the nobility and the magnanimity of his temper, extended their confidence to the commander, whom he had preferred for his successor. They thought with him that the union of the civil and the military powers in the same hands would greatly add to the success of the operations of the war; & with him they thought that the military genius of Gen: Nelson was sufficient to entitle him to this distinguished honour. Gen: Nelson was therefore selected as his successor of Mr. Jefferson. This appointment took place on the 12th of June, as will appear from the following extract from the Journals of the House of Delegates:
"Tuesday June 12th 1781: Resolved that Thomas Nelson junr. esqr. be appointed governor or chief magistrate of this commonwealth for one year; he having been so elected by joint ballot of both houses of assembly."
J. STEWART, C. H. D. About the middle of May, Lord Cornwallis at the head of the main southern army, had formed a junction with Arnold, who had become sole commander of his detachment since the death of Philips at Petersburg. Before this superior force, the Marquis de la Fayette was obliged to retire from his position at Richmond. The English then crossed the James river, and marched up into the country about fifty miles from the capital and within thirty of Charlottesville, where the legislature was holding their session. It appears from the letter of Gov. Jefferson, dated Charlottesville, May 28th; that the combined army amounted to 7000 regular troops while that of the Marquis de la Fayette did not exceed 3000; and that there was no possibility of increasing that number from the want of arms, which had been sent from Rhode-Island but had not yet arrived. In the same letter Mr. J. urges the necessity of dispatching Gen: Washington with the northern army to the relief of Virginia, and mentions that though his office would expire in a few days by the constitution, still as a private man (he) should derive great confidence from his presence."
Things were at this crisis; his office having adu-ly expired, but his successor not yet installed in the administration of affairs, when Col. Tarleton was despatched by Lord Cornwallis with his regiment of horse to surprise Mr. Jefferson whom he still believed to be in office, & the legislature then sitting in Charlottesville. At this moment the speakers of the two houses and some other members of the assembly were the guests of Mr. Jefferson at Monticello. Tarleton having advanced within 10 miles of this seat, early in the morning of the 23rd of June sent off a detachment of horse to secure him and his friends, whilst he himself proceeded rapidly to Charlottesville in order to surprise the legislature. But he was disappointed in both these expectations. Notice had been given by fun-prise, both at Charlottesville and Monticello, of the designs of the enemy. The speakers and their colleagues had returned to the former place, from whence they had scarcely sufficient time to escape, with the other members of the legislature. Mr. J. had already sent his family to a place of safety, but was still at Monticello making arrangements for his departure, when Lieut. Hudson arrived at half-tipped with the information that the enemy were already extending the winding hill of Monticello.
Had Mr. Jefferson been possessed of the mystic lamp of Aladdin; had he been endowed with the magnitude and the strength of those imaginary giants, who have lived only in the tales of the nursery; he might then have flung off it of the triumphant troops of Tarleton! And perhaps might have escaped the epithets of "coward" and "traitor." Or had Mr. J. re-versed the error of the valiant knight of La Mancha & mistaken a troop of horse for a flock of sheep, his infantry might have at least procured him some of the honors of chivalry. But even then his federal opponents, while they admired the valour of the hero would have been ungenerous enough to have ridiculed the timidity of the madman. Or perhaps their piquant understandings, which have already found treason in his escaping, might have proclaimed him a traitor for remaining without a chance of resistance. But as Mr. Jefferson was neither a Polyphemus nor a Don Quixote, he acted perhaps—asmost of his opponents would have done on a similar occasion:
"Like a brave general, after being beat; They exit and rejoice, in a prudent retreat." Smart.
Mr. J. immediately left Monticello, and knowing that he should be pursued if he took the high road, struck off into the woods of the neighbouring mountain, when he proceeded in safety to overtake his family.
Of this far-famed event, so little understood and so frequently misrepresented, Lieut. Hudson has given us the following account:
"In the month of June, 1781, on my way to join the Marquis La Fayette's army, I met near Nelson, with a Mr. Long, who informed me, that Dewitt (for which service the legislature gave him a sword) had arrived the preceding evening at Charlottesville and brought information of the approach of the En-glish to that place under Tarleton. Upon enquiring from Long whether Mr. Jefferson had received intelligence, he was ignorant. I directly proceeded to Monticello, where I found Mr. Jefferson tranquil and undisturbed. At my arrival request, he left his house, which was surrounded in ten minutes at farthest, with a troop of light horse. I was convinced his situation was truly critical, since there were but two men (Mr. Short & his gardener) and Mr. Carr, at that time a boy, upon the spot. I well remem-ber he was not Governor at that period; his term of service having expired, and Gen. Nelson appointed his successor."
SUCH then, fellow-citizens, is the celebrated ad-venture of CARTER'S MOUNTAIN, which has so frequently resounded in the Slanderous Chronicles of Federalism. 'Tis true, they have ever cautiously avoided entering into its details, because they well knew how to evade detection. Their calumnious would then have been broken; their ignorance or their misrep-resentation would have been exposed; and this favorite insinuation against the character of Mr. Jefferson would have been frittered down to the simple fact: that Mr. J. did not choose to remain in his house, slug-gily to encounter a whole troop of horse, or suffer him-self to be taken prisoner by an inveterate enemy.
This then is the famous adventure of Carter's Mountain! The burthen of every farouche ballad, the butt of every federal humourist. Where now shall the Poet seek a theme for the composition of his satire? Where shall the wit find a point for his curious e-gerie? Ye Editors, Scribblers, Paragraphills and Puffers, array yourselves now in sackcloth & ashes—All your genius is reduced to vapour. Alas! the Hero of Carter's Mountain has disappeared, and the wit of Federalism is extinguished for ever!
Having accompanied his family during one day's journey, his hero of Carter's Mountain returned to Monticello. Tarleton meanwhile had retired, after 18 hours residence in Charlottesville. Finding the enemy had flown, Mr. J. once more joined his family, and repaired with them to an estate, which he had in Bedford, about 80 miles S. W. It was here that another adventure befel him, to which the ingenuity of Mr. Turner has given a dramatic effect. Riding on his farm (as most farmers would do) some time after, he was thrown (as some riders would have been) by an unruly horse, & (as a natural consequence of such an event) he was disabled from riding for a considerable time afterwards. But observe the magic genius of Mr. Turner: how it "annihilates both time and space;" how it fills the Gene of action by a single epithet, and fills "the feathered foot of time;" How Albemarle is converted into Bedford, & how he obli-terates whole days to give consistency to his tale. This unfortunate fall which he received in Bedford coun-ty, Mr. Turner finds it much more convenient to give Mr. J. in his retreat before Tarleton. Does the reader with to know the reason? He shall have it in the precise language of Mr. Turner himself:
"His retreat or rather his flight from Monticello, on the information that Tarleton had penetrated the country, and was advancing to Charlottesville, was effected with such hurried abruptness, as to produce a fall from his horse, and a dislocation of the shoul-der." And then, adds our author, "he proceeded to Bedford" and then "he forwarded his resigna-tion to the assembly." But it has already been observ-ed that this resignation was even prior to Tarleton's approach to Charlottesville. We shall now attempt to show, that Mr. Turner is not a more faithful chronologist with respect to the dislocated shoulder. For we shall first prove that this accident did not be-fall Mr. J. before he arrived at Bedford; and second-ly, that it did befall him while he was there.
The certificate of Mr. Bradfute will prove the first:
"In the year 1781, I lived within two miles of the Poplar Forest, estate at that time belonging to Thomas Jefferson, Esq. now president of the United States Sometime in the summer of that year I went to the Poplar Forest on some business with Mr. Jefferson's overseer, where I found Mr. Jefferson. I had not before heard of his arrival, of course I believe he had been up only a day or two, or some short time. I was in company with Mr. Jefferson, in his tent, per-haps an hour or two; he appeared to me to be per-fectly well, and I heard no complaint."
ROBERT BRADFUTE.
The certificate of Mr. James Steptoe senr. of Bed-ford, will establish the last position:
"In the year 1781, I resided within two miles of the Poplar Forest, Bedford county, Virginia; this estate did then belong to Thomas Jefferson, Esq. Sometime in the summer of that year I heard that Mr. Jefferson was at the Poplar Forest, and when riding over his farm had been thrown from his horse and much hurt. Having been acquainted with Mr. Jefferson when he lived in Williamsburg, I immedi-ately went to see him, and found him very much dis-abled indeed—too much so, I think, to have travel-led on horseback.—The account which I received at that time respecting Mr. Jefferson's fall from his horse, after his arrival on his farm, I did certainly believe to be correct, and I do now believe it."
JAMES STEPTOE, senr.
Other persons could be produced to authenticate this circumstance. The man who lived with Mr. J. at the time and who probably saw the fall is still alive. His testimony we should have obtained, but that the distance at which he resided was too great, to permit us acquiring such information as might go a-long with these remarks. Mr. Steptoe's character is however a sufficient surety for the testimony of "numberless witnesses." To a cultivated understand-ing, he unites an incorruptible integrity of heart & the most graceful urbanity of disposition. Differing tho' he does from the present administration on many political questions, he has never suffered himself to waver in those malignant effusions of party spirit, which betray all the peevishness of passion without the strength of the understanding.
Such then we repeat is the celebrated adventure of Carter's Mountain!!
In the following resolutions we have a new and incontrovertible proof of the fact. These res-olutions were moved by Mr. J. in the assembly of Virg. during the spring of 1778. If the "furni-tary rights of British America," demonstrate that its author was among the earliest friends of our independence, the following resolutions will prove his spirit in the support of liberty undaunted and unabated. They will prove him as anxious to embrace every energetic expedient to accomplish the revolution, as the first pa-per showed him anxious to undertake it.
Resolved unanimously, That a proposition from the enemy to all or any of these United States for peace or truce separate from their allies, is insidious and inad-missible.
Resolved unanimously, That a proposition from the enemy for treaty with any assembly or body of men in America, other than the congresses of these United States, is insidious and inadmissible.
Resolved unanimously, That this assembly will not listen to any proposition nor suffer any negotiation in-consistent with their national faith and federal union.
Resolved unanimously, That this assembly will exert the utmost powers of the state to carry on the war with vigour and effect until peace shall be obtained in a manner consistent with our national faith and federal union.
The oration of Mr. BIDWELL which we have commenced in this day's paper, is uncom-monly clear, unimpassioned and convincing. It is not recommended by the ordinary flour-ishes of eloquence. There is in it no wit-ness of sentiment or style; no melting pathos; no kindling bursts of passion. It is not certain-ly such a speech as Cicero or Chatham would have been proud to have delivered. But it can boast perhaps of a superior merit. It con-veys strong thoughts in strong language. It flows from an understanding deeply penetrated with its on convictions and addresses itself to the com-mon sense of the most unenlightened minds. It lays open the history of our constitution, the mischiefs of the past and the benefits of the present administration, in a manner so clear, and by facts so striking, that it cannot but enligh-ten the ploughman, the artist, the tailor, and the meanest mechanic in society. Even the fed-eralists themselves may derive some instruction from the labours of Mr. Bidwell. To the rep-ublicans it will furnish a general review of the history of their party, and the principles of their faith. We present it to our readers at large, under the fullest conviction that it is one of the most valuable political essays which has for a long time adorned the columns of the Enquirer.
Last Evening's Mail.
IMPORTANT, IF TRUE!!!
Extract of a letter from a gentleman in Washing-ton to his friend in this city dated September 5, 1805.
"I most sincerely congratulate you on the news from the Mediterranean, and trust in God it may be true."
"Gen: Dearborn read to me this morning a letter from Mr. Crowninshield, in which he says that a vessel had just arrived at Salem, which brought the intelligence that Mr. Eaton had met the Basha of Tripoli about 100 leagues from that city, and defeated him in a general action, on the 10th of June, which enabled him to dictate a peace on the field of battle. Our Prisoners were to be released without ransom and no tribute to be asked in future. He states, that the dispatches to government will arrive in a day or two, and that the account is official."
SALEM, August 23.
IMPORTANT NEWS FROM TRIPOLI.
Yesterday the brig Belle-Isle, Capt. Leach, arrived here in 66 days from Naples. About eight days before he failed, news arrived there, that General Eaton, at the head of the small American force which had been detached from our Mediterranean squadron, and the troops collected by the rival brother of the Basha of Tripoli, had had an engagement with the Tri-polines at Derne—on which fide victory declar-ed we do not learn; but it was said that Gen-eral Eaton's army suffered most severely, and that every American was killed, except Mr. Eaton, who was wounded in the shoulder. The effect of the battle, however, was an immedia-te negotiation for peace, to assist at which, Col. Lear went from Malta to Tripoli; and two days before Capt. L. failed, dispatches were received from Col. Lear at Naples, bring-ing the important and glorious intelligence, that a PEACE highly honorable to the United States had been concluded, and of course the Americans who had been so long suffering in captivity released. Capt. L. we understand brings dispatches for our government, so that we may expect shortly to have the official de-tails of the battle, the negotiation, and the terms of peace.
The American squadron had not left Malta when this affair took place; and there was no intelligence at Naples of the Gun-Boats from the United States having joined them. Com-modore Murray, after he found the negotiation was in a promising train, failed for the United States on account of his ill state of health.
This account is corroborated by the late arrival at Charleston. Ed. Enq.
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN,
THAT the Common Council of the City of Rich-mond will, at its meeting on the third Monday in this month, proceed to nominate to the Professors of William and Mary College, a fit and proper char-acter to succeed Mr. John Wood, late Mathematical Surveyor of the said city, who has resigned. By Order of the Hall,  ANDREW STEVENSON, C. C. C.  Sept. 6.
EDUCATION.
WITHIN about twenty miles of Richmond may be obtained immediately, a School, consisting of twenty or thirty pupils—and if an additional aid as to profit were wished, the situation furnishes every convenience for a Tavern, without interfering with the duties of the terminary, or the retirement of a pri-vate family. For further particulars, apply to Mr. POMFREY, Stationer, Richmond. Sept. 6.
J. H. FASBENDER,
LATELY FROM CHARLESTON, S. C.
RESPECTFULLY informs the citizens of Richmond, and its vicinity, that he has commenced the WATCH-MAKING business, in the house lately occu-pied by Mr. Judah Allen, adjoining Dr. Rood's. He not only repairs Watches but makes every part of the composi-tion, and flatters himself from the satisfaction which he gave in Charleston, of which place he was a resident up-wards of three years, to obtain that share of public patron-age which he will endeavour to merit. Sept. 6. (p 520.)
NOTICE.
All persons having claims against the estate of Benjamin Creeshaw, dec'd of Goochland coun-ty, are requested to bring them forward properly au-thenticated, on or before the first day of December next; otherwise this advertisement will be pled in bar against all claims exhibited after that date, as the dis-tributors are desirous of closing their executors accounts as soon as possible.
BERNARD SIMS, REUBEN CRENSHAW, Executors.  Sept. 6.
THE subscriber will sell at Public Sale, upon the premises, on Monday the sixteenth instant, (September) for ready money, that valuable TA-VERN in Henrico county, about seven miles from Richmond, called and known by the name of Gre-gory's Tavern, with about two hundred and forty acres of LAND there adjoining, together with fumd-y articles of furniture.
ROGER GRECOIN.  September 6. (31. p)
FOR SALE,
ALL the LANDS belonging to the COLLEGE of WILLIAM and MARY, lying in the coun-ty of King William—These Lands are in two sepa-rate tracts, one of which borders on the Pamunkey ri-ver, near the town of New-Castle, and includes some of those level valuable lands between that town and Moncure-mill—they are divided into seventy-four res-erves; some of which are on lease for lives, from one to three; others are under no lease. Possession of those not under lease, will be given on the first day of January 1806; for those under lease, all the Col-lege interest will be sold. A statement of the lives, as well as the conditions on which they are leased, will be shown to those inclined to purchase. The purchaser will stand instead of the college, and may as-sume himself of any forfeitures incurred, by a non-com-pliance of the tenants, with the conditions of their re-spective leases. One fourth of the purchase money will be required, on the first day of January next, and the remaining three-fourths, in equal payments, to be made on the first day of January, in the years 1807, 1808 and 1809, with interest from the first day of Ja-nuary 1806. Bonds for the amount will be required, and the purchaser, or purchasers, can have little, on making the first payments, and granting a Deed of Trust on the land with relinquishment of Dower, to secure the three last payments. If not disposed of at private sale (in which case notice will be given) the tenements called the lower college, either separately or united, to four purchasers, will be sold publicly on the first Monday in October, next, on that tenement occupied by Mrs. Hughes, and those of the upper college in like manner on the second Monday in November, on that tenement oc-cupied by Mrs. Drury, as a tavern.
WM. COLEMAN, Agent for the College of Wm. & Mary. September 6. (3v.)
AUCTION OF FURNITURE.
WILL be Sold, at the late residence of Mr. W. W. WORSLEY, over the book-store of Thomas Ritchie, Esq. on WEDNESDAY, next, the 11th instant, at 11 o'clock, fumd-y HOUSEHOLD and KITCH-EN FURNITURE, of the best and newest fashions; also,
An elegant well-tuned PIANO FORTE. A credit of six months will be allowed on all sums above twenty dollars, purchasers giving notes with approved endorser. Cash will be required for all sums under twenty dollars. PROSSER & MONCURE.  Sept. 4, 1805.
WILLIAMSBURG RACES.
ON Wednesday the 30th October, will be run for over the Williamsburg Course, The Jockey Club Purse of Four hundred Dollars, four mile heats. The day following, The Proprietor's Purse of Two Hundred Dollars, two mile heats.
WEIGHTS AS FOLLOWS: Aged Horses 183 lbs. 6 years old 138 5 do. 118 4 do. 103 3 do. 90 Mares and geldings allowed 3 lbs. August 29, 1805.
Subscribers to the Williamsburg Jockey Club are desired to pay the amount of their subscription money to Robert Anderson, the Treasurer, on or be-fore the first day of October next. By Order of the Club,  JAMES SEMPLE, Senr., Secy.  September 6. P300
J. ABERCROMBIE, Professor of Music & Dancing, late from Charleston:
BEGS leave to Notify, that he has taken a residence in this city, in the Upper Rooms of Mr. Vanet's new brick house, on Shockoe Hill, above Dr. Wilson's Apothe-cary Shop, a remarkable pleasant situation; where he intends opening a
SCHOOL FOR DANCING. He teaches the Minuet de la Cour, Cotillions, Country and Fancy Dances, systematically—Will at-tend families as Instructor for the Violin, Piano-Forte, Guitar, and to give a finish to a musical education by the accompaniment of the violin to regulate time—grace and direct the voice, so essentially necessary to such as wish to excel in those accomplishments. Terms made known on application. Days of teaching, Wednesdays and Saturdays at 4 o'clock. Sept. 6. 2t & 2w 2w
NOTICE.
PETITIONS will be presented to the next Gene-ral Assembly of Virginia, from the citizens of the counties of Fairfax, Prince William, Culpepper, Fauquier, Loudoun, Frederick, Jefferson, Berkeley, Sta-nandoah, Hampshire, Hardy, Botetourt, &c. &c. Praying that the Notes of the Bank of Potomac may be exempted from the operation of the law, passed at the last session of their honourable body, to prohibit the circulation of private Bank Notes. September 6. (law 3v.)
RUNAWAY NEGRO,
FIFTY DOLLARS REWARD, if taken within fifty miles of Richmond, and one hundred Dol-lars if taken beyond it, will be given to apprehend a negro man named LEWIS, about thirty years of age, who last night ran away from the subscribers. He is very stout made, and about 5 feet 10, or 6 feet 11 inches high; has a nose-like countenance—had ev-when he went away, a Rufus Drill Drab Coat and Pantaloons; but has a variety of other clothing. He was formerly the property of Mr. Edward Hal-lam of Hanover Town, where perhaps he may be gone—All masters of vessels are forewarned from har-boring or carrying him away, under the penalty of the law. CALLIAT & KIRBY

A summary historical and political REVIEW of the Revolution, the Constitution & Government of the U.S. ... delivered at Sheffield, July 4, 1805.
By BARNABAS BIDWELL.
BY the declaration of independence which has just been read, a nation was politically born in a day. On this 29th anniversary of our national birth, we are convened, my friends and fellow-citizens, to commemorate that event, and to unite in mutual congratulation.
A commemoration of independence naturally leads the mind to a view of the revolution by which it was established. The revolutionary war occupied little more than seven years and a half, from the battle of Lexington, on the 19th of April 1775, to the signing of the provisional articles of peace, on the 30th of November 1782. But the revolution itself embraced a longer period, including the original dispute between the colonies and the mother country, which was the cause of the war, and the establishment of a federal government, which was the consequence of national independence.
The controversy, which severed the colonies from Great-Britain, began about the peace of 1763. It was occasioned by parliament's claiming a right to tax us without our consent. The first exercise of that claim was in the memorable stamp act, passed under the auspices of Mr. Grenville in 1765. That long continued exercise of a system of revenue, which incurred the pointed opposition of the colonies, especially of Virginia, whose spirited resolutions, adopted May 28, 1765, on the motion of the eloquent Patrick Henry, for an example to the other colonies, and led the public sentiment on the great constitutional question of Parliamentary taxation. For thus laying the foundation of a revolution, their house of Burgess were dissolved by the royal governor.
In June following, the general court of Massachusetts convened, approved the Virginia resolutions, and added a proposal for a continental congress, which was accordingly held at New-York, in October of the same year. That body, as well as the assemblies of most of the colonies, resolved and petitioned against the stamp act. Associations were formed for suspending the importation of British manufactures, until it should be repealed. The stamp officers were compelled to resign. Dr. Franklin, then residing at London, as a colonial agent, in a public examination at the bar of the house of commons, persuasively pointed out the probable consequences of attempting to enforce the collection of the stamp duties. The ministry was changed, and the obnoxious statute was repealed; but the repeal was accompanied by a legislative declaration, "that the parliament had, & of right ought to have, power to bind the colonies in all cases whatever." The repealing and declaratory acts may be considered as one connected measure, the author of which was Edmund Burke, the foul of the Rockingham administration. The relinquishment of the stamp duties, altho' a matter of joy at the time, was only a postponement of the rupture. The ground of contest still remained.
In execution of the power declared, a subsequent administration, in 1767, introduced a bill laying duties, in the colonies, upon glass, paper, painter's colours and tea, and constituting a board of commissioners to superintend the collection. The principle of this new revenue act was controverted with great ability, by the celebrated John Dickinson, in a series of impressive letters, addressed to the public, over the signature of a Pennsylvania Farmer. It became a subject of general discussion. The representatives of Massachusetts addressed a circular letter, on the occasion, to the other colonial assemblies, recommending union and concert. They were afterwards required to rescind their vote on this subject, and were dissolved for refusing to comply with the requisition. The legislature of Virginia remonstrated against the duties, and responded the recommendations of Massachusetts, for which they also were the next day dissolved. The other colonies generally concurred in the recommended concert—Resolutions, remonstrances and associations for non-importation were again repeated.
Parliament determined on measures of coercion; but in 1770 repealed all the duties, except three pence a pound on tea. That was retained, as a test of parliamentary authority. For the same reason, it was retained here. It was not the amount, or the mode of the tax, but the principle that was the ground of the revolutionary contest. The colonists contended that taxation and representation ought to be mutual and inseparable counterparts. From the particular subject of taxation, the dispute was extended to general legislation. In 1773 the question of the legislative supremacy of Parliament over the Colonies was decided between Gov. Hutchinson and the two branches of the General Court of Massachusetts, in the form of Speeches and Answers.
To counteract the effect of non-importation agreements, and insure the payment of the duty, as a practical acknowledgement of the right, the ministry engaged the East-India company to send out the dutied article, and vend it in this country, on their own account. The policy was understood. In some of the Ports the patriots prevented the landing of the Tea, & in others procured it to be re-shipped without sale. In Boston, neither of those objects being attainable, it was violently thrown over-board into the harbour, by persons in disguise. This outrage drew down British vengeance upon the capital and whole Province of Massachusetts. Troops were stationed in Boston. An act, for blocking up the Port, another for rendering the Governor, the Council and the Judiciary more independent of the people, and in other respects materially changing the charter of the Province; and other acts and measures, enumerated in the Declaration of Independence, were adopted by the King and Parliament.
As Judge MARSHALL, in his history of the life of Washington, justly observes, "it was expected, that by directing these measures of punishment particularly against Boston, not only the union between the Colonies could be broken, but Massachusetts herself could be divided."
It was indeed a critical and distressing period. In the language of Dr. RAMSAY, another elegant Historian of the Revolution, "the patriots, who had hitherto guided the helm, knew well, that if the other Colonies did not support the people of Boston, they must be crushed; and it was equally obvious that in their coercion a precedent, injurious to liberty, would be established. It was, therefore, the interest of Boston to draw in the other Colonies. It was also the interest of the patriots in all the Colonies, to bring over the bulk of the people to adopt such efficient measures, as were likely to extricate the inhabitants of Boston from the unhappy situation, in which they were involved. To effect these purposes, much prudence, as well as patriotism, was necessary. The other Colonies were but remotely affected with the State of Massachusetts. They were happy, and had no cause, on their own account, to oppose the government of Great-Britain. But a people to circumvent, should take care with a distressed neighbour, at the risk of incurring the resentment of the mother country, did aid and accord with the British ministry, by which States, as well as individuals, are usually governed. The rule, as for the most part, prone to suffer as long as evils are tolerable; and, in general, they must feel, before they are moved to contend with their oppressors; but the Americans acted on a different principle."
The situation in the Colonies was fully justified by the result. Yes, fellow-citizens of Massachusetts, we ought not, in the midst of our prosperity, to forget that our sister colonies did not desert us in the hour of danger and distress. The Legislature of Virginia, says Judge MARSHALL in his History, was in session, when the first intelligence of the Boston Port Bill reached that Province. The House of Burgess appointed the 1st of June, the day on which the bill was to commence in operation, to be set apart for fasting, prayer and humiliation, to implore the divine interposition to avert the heavy calamity, which threatened destruction to their civil rights, and the evils of a civil war; and to give one heart and one mind to the people, firmly to oppose every invasion of their liberties. Similar resolutions were adopted almost every where, and the first of June became, throughout the Colonies, a day of fasting, humiliation and prayer, in the course of which sermons were universally preached to the people, well calculated to inspire them with the utmost horror against the authors of the unjust sufferings of their fellow-subjects in Boston.
"In consequence of this measure the assembly was dissolved; but, before their separation, an association was entered into, signed by eighty-nine members, in which they declared that an attack on one Colony, to compel submission to arbitrary taxes, is an attack on all British America, and threatens ruin to the rights of all, unless the united wisdom of the whole be applied in prevention. They, therefore, recommended to the Committee of Correspondence, to communicate with the several Committees of the other Colonies, on the expediency of appointing Deputies from the different Colonies to meet annually in general Congress, and to deliberate on those general measures, which the united interest of America might from time to time render necessary."
These facts, fellow-citizens, I have stated to you, in the very words of an historian, whose authenticity will not be questioned. You will permit me to add, this was the third time the House of Burgess of Virginia was dissolved, for their spirited measures in opposition to parliamentary encroachments on our common rights. Their two last dissolutions were incurred by exertions in support of their brethren in Massachusetts, particularly the suffering citizens of Boston. Such patriotic sympathy, such prompt and effective co-operation in a time of need, received at that day a grateful acknowledgment, and is still entitled to an honorable recollection. Many of my hearers, whose heads are whitened with age, and whose memories reach back to those times which tried men's souls, are living witnesses of the fact, that the oldest, the largest, the most unanimous of the States, took as leading a part in the Republican cause, at the commencement and through all the successive stages of the Revolution, as at any later period of our government. But we did not then complain of "Virginia influence," "Virginia domination," and every thing else that either was, or was alleged to be Virginia. It was not then thought excusable, much less patriotic, to array the Northern against the Southern States, and to stimulate their mutual envy, jealousy, antipathy and hatred, by contrasting their customs and laws, by magnifying their real or imaginary diversities of interest, by traducing their favorite public characters, and touching all the little discordant strings of local prejudices and rival passions. On the contrary, it was esteemed a duty of primary importance, enjoined alike by policy and found morality, to conciliate, to unite and co-operate in the common cause of our country. Massachusetts and Virginia preeminently harmonized in the general objects of the Revolution. In such a spirit of union the proposed Congress met at Philadelphia, in September 1774, and again in May 1775, and were thence continued through the revolution.
The British troops commenced actual hostilities in April 1775. An army was raised for defence, and GEORGE WASHINGTON, of Virginia, was appointed commander in chief. The war progressed. But there was still a general hope of reconciliation. Independence was not originally the aim of the Colonies in their opposition to the claim of British supremacy. SAMUEL ADAMS, indeed, and a few other patriots of sagacious and enterprising minds, foresaw that there would be no practicable medium between unconditional submission, and absolute Independence, and early took measures to prepare for the latter. At first the idea was whispered in confidence. By degrees it became more generally diffused, till at length it was directly and openly advocated. The progress of the public sentiment, to that necessary conclusion, was accelerated by "Common Sense," the most popular pamphlet ever published & admired by patriots, who with SAMUEL ADAMS, have reprobated and lamented some later publications of the same author on the subject of the Christian religion. Boston and several other towns made more serious advances towards a Declaration of Independence, by their patriotic votes. But Virginia was the first Colony that set the bold example. As early as the 15th of May 1776, their Legislature instructed their Delegates to move the Resolution in Congress, and enforced their instructions by declaring that Colony an independent State, before the measure was sanctioned by Congress. On the seventh of June the motion was accordingly made by RICHARD HENRY LEE. It was ably supported by JOHN ADAMS. Notwithstanding many strong objections, and after fair and full discussion, it prevailed by a vast majority. The declaration was drawn by THOMAS JEFFERSON; who, in the figurative language of the late Dr. STILES, President of Yale College, "poured the soul of the continent into the monumental act of Independence." It is familiarly known to you all that it was signed on the memorable fourth of July.
After such a lapse of years, such a succession of events, and such a change of circumstances, it is difficult, indeed it is impossible, even for those of you who were then on the stage of active life, to go back and realize the anxious, interesting, eventful scene of 1776. History informs us, that in one of the ancient nations, when any man proposed an alteration in their government, he was required to appear, for that purpose, in an assembly of the people, with a halter round his neck; that, if his proposition was rejected, he might be hanged upon the spot. With halters about their necks, the signers of the Declaration of Independence set their names to an instrument, which, in case of failure, they knew must be their death warrant. Yes, my friends, had the Revolution been crushed, they would have been distinguished from common rebels, and finally executed or exiled, like the regicides of Charles the 1st of England, or the Emmets and other revolutionary martyrs of Ireland. The usual consequences of a suppressed rebellion would have prevailed the land. Is any one curious to know the details of wretchedness, which, in such an event, would have been the bitter portion of our fathers, of us and our children? Let him listen to the groans of wretched Ireland. Let him read the description of her oppressions and miseries, in the living pages of CURRAN, till his eyes are suffused with tears, and his heart melts with compassion; and when heaving sighs; and when he closes the volume, to bless God for the successful issue of the American Revolution, let him remember, with gratitude, the patriots of 1776, who, in the face of danger and death, declared our Independence, and for its support, with a firm reliance on the protection of divine providence, pledged "their lives, their fortunes and their sacred honor." While reaping the harvest which they sowed, we ought, once a year at least, to think of them, and of their Declaration, the native political creed of the United States.
When we ventured upon Independence, our State governments were but imperfectly organized, and we had no organization of a general government. The only authority which Congress possessed, was contained in their respective credentials of appointment. Without power to enact and enforce laws, they could only recommend; and patriotism alone carried their recommendations into execution. A national constitution was requisite. Accordingly in 1777, Congress submitted to the States, "Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union." In July 1778, ten States having agreed to those articles, they were signed in Congress; but, to give them validity, the concurrence of every State was necessary; and Maryland did not consent, until March 14, 1781, when Independence had been maintained nearly five years, and the war had been prosecuted almost six.
By the Confederation an important point was gained. The system, however, was radically defective; and the want of experience soon pointed to its defects. Congress were not authorized to raise a revenue themselves; but only to determine the amount to be raised, and to apportion it among the States in the form of requisitions. The very appointment, by the rule prescribed, that is according to the value of improved lands and buildings, was found to be impracticable, as well as unjust. To remove that pri-
mary obstacle, in 1783, Congress proposed by way of amendment to the Confederation, to substitute, for the rule of apportionment, the number of inhabitants in each State, including three fifths, and excluding two fifths of the slaves. A resolution, containing that proposition, which was the result of long and thorough investigation, passed by nearly an unanimous vote. In an address, reported by Mr. MADISON, Mr. ELLSWORTH and Mr. HAMILTON, and directed to the States, in explanation and enforcement of the resolve, Congress laid, "this rule, altho' not free from objections, is liable to fewer than any other that could be devised. The only material difficulty which attended it, in the deliberations of Congress, was to fix the proper difference between the labor and industry of free inhabitants and of all other inhabitants. The ratio ultimately agreed on was the effect of mutual concessions; and if it should be supposed not to correspond precisely with the fact, no doubt ought to be entertained that an equal spirit of accommodation, among the several legislatures, will prevail against little inequalities, which may be calculated on one side or the other." In a temperate state of the public mind, such reasoning could hardly fail of being satisfactory. The general sentiment was strong in favor of the principle of the amendment—it was successively adopted by most of the States; and afterwards introduced into the new Constitution, as the ratio of apportioning both taxes and representatives, because, as Mr. KING declared in the Convention of Massachusetts, "it was the language of all America." But before it had in fact become a part of the Confederation, the attention of the public was drawn to a more fundamental defect, the total want of authority in the national government to levy taxes for national uses, and to regulate trade, without the co-operation of all the state governments.
After various ineffectual efforts to modify the Confederation, by specific amendments, suggested by Congress and individual States, the legislature of Virginia, on the motion of Mr. MADISON, proposed a general Convention, which was partially attended at Annapolis in 1786, and finally held at Philadelphia in 1787. That assembly was composed of Gentlemen of different and even opposite principles of government; and the instrument produced was the result of mutual concessions. Some of the members without for what they termed a more energetic, or as others would call it a more aristocratic form. One gentleman in particular, who afterwards acquired a paramount influence with the party denominated Federalists, fulfilled the constitution, as his funeral eulogist has informed us, under a conviction which he appears to have retained through life, and impressed on his political friends, that "it did not contain sufficient means of strength for its own preservation, and that, in consequence, we must follow the fate of other Republics, and pass through anarchy to despotism." Those who were of that sentiment, would, of course, endeavor, in practice, to accumulate the powers of the administration, in order to conform it to their standard of good government. This accounts for a train of measures which were afterwards introduced, and on which the two parties separated. On the other hand, many republicans were of opinion that the Constitution originally required more guards against the accumulation and abuse of power; and hesitated as to the propriety of receiving it without any explanatory and restrictive amendments. In the convention of Massachusetts, after long deliberation, the turning question was whether such explanations and restrictions should be insisted on as the condition of ratifying the constitution, or be left to the good sense of the nation, to be added by way of subsequent amendment, in the mode provided by the fifth article. On this point the Republicans were divided. At length a conciliatory proposition, moved by JOHN HANCOCK, and seconded by his co-patriot SAMUEL ADAMS, containing an unconditional ratification, accompanied with a recommendation of amendments, turned the scale in favor of adoption. A similar mode of decision was pursued in New-Hampshire, New-York, Virginia, North-Carolina and South-Carolina.
The government was organized, under the new form March 4th, 1789; and, in the first Congress, Mr. MADISON, to whom perhaps more than to any other person, we are indebted for the Constitution, as it now is, brought forward a motion, in consequence of which two thirds of both Houses of Congress, in pursuance of the recommendations of the State Conventions, agreed to twelve articles of amendment, ten of which were afterwards ratified by a constitutional majority of the States. They were all of a Republican character; and by their incorporation, the Republicans, as a party, were not merely reconciled, but firmly attached to the constitution.
The constitutional process of amendment, requiring a proposed alteration to be, in the first place, approved by two thirds of both Houses of Congress, and afterwards to receive the separate and successive approbation of all branches of three fourths of the State Legislatures, is wisely calculated to admit the improvements dictated by experience, and to exclude dangerous and unnecessary innovations. Such it was in theory, and such it has proved in practice. Various further alterations have been attempted; but only two have prevailed: one of them, upon the motion of Massachusetts, declaring a State not feasible by a private citizen; and the other, requiring the electoral votes for President and Vice-President to be distinguished, like our votes for governor and lieutenant-governor. These, also, were Republican amendments. The last was, indeed, originally patronized by both political parties, and recommended by almost unanimous resolutions of New-Hampshire, Vermont and Massachusetts; but its actual proposition by Congress, and final ratification by the States, were strenuously opposed by the whole federal party.
Thus twelve important amendments have been constitutionally introduced, agreeably to the ideas of the Republicans, and not one in conformity with the wishes of their opponents. In this history of the formation, adoption and improvement of the constitution, we see the reasons why it has been rising in the esteem of one party, and sinking in the estimation of the other.
(To be continued.)
(a) 2nd Vol. 160. | (b) 1st Vol. 112. | (c) 2nd Vol. 162.
ROBERT GORDON, & Co.
WE have imported by the Talon, just arrived from Madeira, and now landing at Rockets, a quantity of Wine from Murdoch, Maferton, & Co. the house from which they have heretofore had their supplies of this article—also a parcel from Scott, & Co.
Their general assortment of goods is very complete, amongst which they have—12,000 bbls. of Copper, in bottoms and Sheets of all dimensions, and weights suitable for fillets; a fresh supply of Bolting Cloths, from No. 2 to 7; a quantity of Superfine Blue and Black Broad Cloth of first rate, at 5 dollars per yard; & Irish Linens, from 5/ shilling to 10/ to low priced. August 13.—(ep2w law 4w.)
AT a meeting of the Board of Directors of the Mutual Insurance Society, against Fire on Buildings of the State of Virginia, held at the General Office on the 26th day of August, 1805.
A GREAT variety of causes having concurred to render it impracticable to complete the revaluation of those Buildings in the town and in the country which had been insured prior to the 30th day of January last, at the period limited in the first section of the 5th article of our rules and regulations. Resolved, therefore, that the Special Agents of this Society be allowed till the 20th day of November next, to complete the revaluation of all buildings which have been insured as aforesaid, within the districts and towns, for which they may have been formerly appointed.
ALEXANDER MRAE, President M.A.A. & Co. Ten, Lewis B. Rowland, Clk. S.D. August 20. (F 34.)
PICKLING VINEGAR.
GROCERS, Tavern-Keepers and Private Families may be supplied with VINEGAR of a very superior quality, by the barrel, gallon or less quantity at an uncommonly low price by HART & SOUTHGATE. Opposite the State House.
ALSO—31 barrels New-York prime (salt-petred) PORK, by the barrel or piece. August 16. ep2w&1awtf.
TO BE RENTED,
MY HOUSE & LOT, upon Stockoe-Hill, in an airy pleasant situation.—For terms, apply to Mr. Samuel Mc-Craw, who is fully authorized by me, to treat for the same, or to the subscriber. WILLIAM MANN. August 30. (F 35.)
BENJAMIN DU VAL,
AT THE SIGN OF THE GOLDEN MORTAR, RICHMOND.
HAS just received a very large and extensive assortment of fresh MEDICINES, SURGEON'S INSTRUMENTS, DRUGS and DYE-STUFFS, PAINTS of all kinds, OIL, VARNISHES, PUTTY, &c.
Also a complete assortment of HATTERS' MATERIALS, CONSISTING OF
Table with 2 columns: Hatters' Irons, Crude Tartar, Logwood, Baler Irons, Copperas, Bow-Strings, Viridegrease, Linings, Fustick, Galoons, Spanish Indigo, Taffet Bands, Oil of Vitriol, Rubbing Dishes, Aq. Fortis, Stampers, Quickilver, Treachers, &c.
Which added to his former stock, completes an assortment that was never equalled in his line of business, in this city.
He thanks his customers for past favors, and hopes to merit a continuation of their custom. His former attention to the quality of his Medicines, importing them in their crude state, that he might be able to judge of their quality, and powdering and preparing them under his immediate inspection, have contributed to his present establishment; and opposition he presumes will not relax his exertions to give general satisfaction in future.
His experience for more than 12 years past, as Apothecary and Druggist in this city, added to a small stock of Medical Information acquired before, enables him, he thinks, to form a tolerably correct judgment as to the quality of Drugs and Medicines, although he cannot boast of honors conferred on him, greater than the confidence of numerous and respectable customers.
In regard to his wholesale prices, he promises to furnish each of his wholesale customers with a printed price current, as soon as possible, and feels himself confident in their approbation, knowing that no one in this state can afford to under-sell him. This he intends to do, not to get others' customers from them, but to secure his own.
Any articles that may be ordered, and not approved of as to quality, may be returned if in good order, and in a reasonable time. June 7. (3w&1f.)
TO BE SOLD,
On liberal credit, and in lots to suit purchasers, FROM two hundred and fifty to three hundred acres of LAND, in the county of Henrico, about four miles from Richmond—a distance which renders it but little liable to pilage, yet sufficiently near to one of the best and most improving markets in the United States.
The advantages of small farms near large towns, are so obvious and generally admitted, as not to require particular enumeration. Persons residing in the city with large families, and who are obliged to keep horses, would be able in one year to save more than the original purchase. For further particulars enquire of Mr. Thomas Norvell. May 14. [offic.]
BENJAMIN STETSON,
INFORMS his friends and the public in general that he has for sale, 400 gallons Holland's Linseed Oil, White Lead and Spanish Brown ground in Oil, Patent Green ground in ditto, Verdigris and Spanish Brown, dry; 8 by 10 Window Glass, & Putty; 2; 2d, 3d, 4d, 6d, 8d, 10d, and 20d Nails, two Casks Spike Nails, Bar Iron, German and Blistered Steels; general assortment of Iron Hollow Ware; 10 Hhds. Molasses, French Brandy, West-India and New-England Rum, Tea, Coffee, Loaf and Brown Sugar, Chocolate, Mens, fine and coarse Shoes, Ladies Kid & Morocco and Leather Slippers; 8 Boxes Cotton and Wool Cards assorted; half pint and quart Tumblers, small invoice elegant cut glass, Stone ware, German Ozenburgs, 50 Casks Salt, Nova Scotia Grind Stones, and many other articles in store, which he will sell cheap for cash or country produce. April 2.—(1aw12m.)
POLITE ACCOMPLISHMENTS FOR YOUNG LADIES,
AT WILLIAMSBURG.
TO those who are acquainted with the excellent society of Williamsburg, a recommendation of it as an eligible scene for the education of Young Ladies, is unnecessary. Mr. & Mrs. Anderson, who continue to receive some pupils into their family, have endeavored to add to the advantages of the situation, by forming an establishment, intended to unite, under the same roof, the various branches of female instruction and improvement. Parents, who feel interested on this subject, are invited to enquire into the merit of their institution. Letters addressed to Mr. L. Anderson, Post-Master, William fourg, will be duly attended to. June 18.—(F 36.)
FAIRFIELD RACES.
On Monday the 30th of September, will be run for over the FAIRFIELD COURSE, the great PRODUCE SWEEPSTAKE. To this race there are twenty-three subscribers, at 200 dollars each; half forfeit if the Dam named produced a Foal. Distance, two mile heats.—Subscription closed.
The day following, the JOCKEY CLUB PURSE of four hundred and fifty Dollars, four mile heats. On the third Day, the FARMER'S SWEEPSTAKE. There are, to this race, twenty subscribers at 50 dollars, and the subscription closed.
The Secretary and Treasurer have taken the liberty to change the day for running this race: the day preceding the PRODUCE STAKE was fixed upon by the subscribers, but this day commences the week.
WEIGHTS AS FOLLOW:
Table with 2 columns: Aged Horses, 183 lbs.; 6 years old, 128; 5 do. do., 118; 4 do. do., 106; 3 do. do., 90. Mares and Geldings allowed 3 lbs.
The money for each day's purse will be placed in the hands of the Judges; it is to be hoped that more punctuality will be observed by the subscribers in paying up the amount of their subscriptions before hand. ESME SMOCK, Treasurer. The subscriber wishes to rent the Dining House and the Booths in the Field. Persons who have formerly rented them, will have the preference, if application is made in time. ESME SMOCK, Proprietor of the Course.
BELL TAVERN—APOTHECARY SHOP.
Dr. WILSON, has just received from Philadelphia and New-York, where he be personally laid in a general supply of
MEDICINES,
and other articles in the Apothecary line—Among which are:
Table with 2 columns: PERUVIAN Bark, Jalap, Calomel, Ipecac, Rhubarb, Magnesia, Camphor, Arrow Root, Anderson's Pills, Bateman's Drops, Aqua Fortis, British Oil, Cephalic Snuff, Church's Cough Drops, Daffy's Elixir, Daley's Carmintive, Gowland's Lotion, Godfrey's Cordial, Greenough's Tincture, for the Teeth & Gums, Hamlin Oil, Hooper's Female Pills, Hufeland's Pills, James's Fever Powders, Jesset's Drops, Milk of Roses, Narkon Dye, Squire's Elixir, Steen's Opodeldoc, Stoughton's Bitters, Tooth Powder, Bleth Bruises, Cour's Lutter, Fig Blue, Spanish Indigo, Gold Leaf, Silver Leaf, Logwood, Lip Salve, Windsor Soap, Wash Balls, Copal Varnish, White Varnish, Spirits of Turpentine, Camphine, Drop Lake, Dutch Pink, Fish White, King's Yellow, Ivory Black, Litharge, Red Lead, White Lead, dry and ground in Oil, Walnut Oil, Prussian Blue, Rose Pink, Blue Smalts, Spanish Brown and Yellow Ochre, dry and ground in Oil, Terra-de-Sienna, Turkey Umber, Venetian Red, Verdigris, Vermilion, Spanish Whiting, Linseed Oil, &c. &c. &c.
The above articles are warranted to be of the best quality—Regular attention and fair prices. Physicians, or those who buy to retail, will perhaps find it to their account to call and examine. August 30. (F 37.)
FOR SALE,
A Very valuable Shoemaker. For terms apply to the Editor of the Enquirer. July 2. (1aw.2m.)
IN HENRICO COUNTY COURT, July 18, 1805.
IN CHANCERY.
Fortunatus Sydnor, Compt. Against
Jeffe Smith, Robert Sydnor & Wil- Dfts. Ram Garland Sydnor,
THIS day came the complainant by his counsel, and the defendants, Robert and William Garland Sydnor, not having entered their appearance, and given security according to the Act of Assembly, in such case made, and provided and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court, that they are not inhabitants of this Commonwealth. On the motion of the complainant by his counsel, it is ordered that the said defendants appear here on the first Monday in October next, and answer the bill of the said complainant, and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in one of the newspapers published in the city of Richmond, for two months successively, and posted at the Court-house door, of this county. Teste, ADAM CRAIG, c. c. (1. F.P.) July 19.—(ef 2m.)
FOR RENT;
THE HOUSE and OUT-HOUSES in the Town of Manchester, late in the occupancy of Richard Baugh, deceased. The house is adapted to the accommodation of a small family, with a kitchen, stable and smoke house—attached to the buildings are a good garden, and a spacious yard well enclosed; and an advantage of grazing on the luxuriant commons of the Town, which surround the premises. The situation is pleasant, and has been ever considered as healthy. The property will be Let on Lease for one or more years, and possession given the 25th December next. For terms of rent or lease, application may be made to George McCrede, of Manchester, or the subscriber, JOHN CRINGAN. August 16. (St.)
THE SUBSCRIBERS
BEG leave to inform their friends and the public generally, that they have removed their SHOP a few doors below the Eagle Tavern, where they intend carrying on the
SHOE & BOOT MAKING BUSINESS
more extensively than heretofore. They intend keeping constantly on hand, a good Stock of Leather, Boots and Shoes of every description, by wholesale or retail. Orders from the Country will be gratefully received and strictly attended to. By the Public's Old's Serv'ts, SAMUEL BARRET & Co. August 27. (epit.)
VALUABLE LAND
IN LOUISA COUNTY—FOR SALE.
PURSUANT to a deed of Trust, executed by Josiah Bingham, to secure the payment of 200 dollars, interest and charges, due to Yeomans Smith, will be sold at Public auction, for ready money, on the 7th October next, at the Eagle Tavern, in the city of Richmond, between 12 and 1 o'clock: A certain TRACT OF LAND, lying in the county of Louisa, on both sides of Recdy Run, adjoining the lands of David Morris and Samuel Hamlin, containing 300 acres, by a fair survey. ROBERT BELL, JOHN DUNSMURE } Trustees. August 20. (ids)