The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1806-08-29 00:00:00

The Enquirer.
PUBLISHED BY THOMAS RITCHIE, OPPOSITE THE POST-OFFICE.....AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM.....(PAYABLE IN ADVANCE.)
NUMBER 33.]
RICHMOND, FRIDAY MORNING, AUGUST 29, 1806.
[VOLUME 3.
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of a republican people. With the design he made an excursion down the Mississippi...
In regard to general Wilkinson, governor Greenup said, he well remembered that Wilkinson...

The proposals of Gardoque having been agreed to by gen. Wilkinson and his friends, an army was to have been immediately embodied to have conducted a revolt against the U. S. in favor of the Spanish monarchy. The command of this army, we are authorized to say, was first offered to general Scott; but the patriotism of this veteran spurned at the proposal. The proffer was next made to gen. *****, who was equally indignant at the plan. Wilkinson himself then volunteered the command. The raising of the army was however delayed by the arrival of an agent from lord Dorchester, in Canada, offering terms from the British government. For we suppose it mattered little with Wilkinson to what European power the state of Kentucky became subjected, provided he himself received a handsome provision.
This agent of lord Dorchester was a col. Connolly, a British officer, who was taken prisoner in Virginia during the revolutionary war. The only gentleman he knew in the state of Kentucky was the late col. Thomas Marshall, father to the present chief justice of the U. S. The acquaintance between col. Marshall and col. Connolly, had originated in Virginia when the latter was a prisoner. Connolly entered Kentucky at Louisville, having only for his companion and protector an Indian squaw, of considerable influence and well known among the different Indian tribes through which he had to pass. He repaired without loss of time to col. Marshall's seat, in the county of Woodford, only a few miles distant from the plantation on which Wilkinson then lived. He arrived about breakfast, and immediately after taking a repast, opened the object of his visit, and produced the copy of Wilkinson's report, which had been sent to lord Dorchester. The whole of this day, and the greater part of the next, was devoted to the consideration of Wilkinson's report, and to the proposal which Connolly was authorized to make to the Kentuckians, from lord Dorchester, which was the following:
1st. That Kentucky should, with the assistance of England, be erected into an independent state, and the inhabitants enjoy all the privileges of British subjects, without taxation. 2d. That the town and port of New Orleans, with the free navigation of the Mississippi, would be purchased from the Spaniards for Kentucky.
Col. Marshall however terminated the conference by not only refusing directly all aid and interference on his own part, but by assuring col. Connolly that the Kentuckians, whatever a few ambitious individuals might desire, would never agree to a separation from the U. S.
Col. Connolly, not withstanding the opinion of col. Marshall, had hopes, that by the powerful influence of British gold, he might prevail upon general Wilkinson and his friends to break off the negotiation with Spain. With this view he waited upon col. Muter, now judge Muter, whom he understood was on terms of intimacy with Wilkinson. We have the authority of governor Greenup to say, that col. Muter told him, that upon his expressing doubts to Connolly as to the policy of an union with Great-Britain in preference to Spain he immediately replied, "Col. Muter, Great-Britain can command your country when she pleases; she has at all times an army in Canada and a fleet in the West-Indies."
What conversation took place between Connolly and Wilkinson we know not. We have only been informed that they were introduced to each other, and afterwards became well acquainted. Col. Connolly continued at Lexington for several weeks together, where he daily received visits from Wilkinson and his friends. His stay probably would have been much longer, had he not been recognized by some Kentuckians, who, suspecting his visit among them did not proceed from the purest motives, threatened his life. We believe too that those threats would have been put in execution, had not the interference of the lately deceased major John Crittendon, of Woodford, prevented the accomplishment. The last morning that Connolly was in Lexington, major Crittendon breakfasted with him in a private room in a tavern. During breakfast a noise was heard in the passage. Major Crittendon suspecting the cause, rushed out at the moment that a huge woodsman, with a large knife, was attempting an entrance; and happily contrived to pacify the enraged countryman, until assistance was procured. Col. Connolly after this circumstance, thought it was most prudent not to stay longer in Kentucky. He left Lexington a few hours afterwards, attended by an escort, which Wilkinson procured for him, and which saw both him and the Indian squaw safely landed over the Ohio, at Limestone. Although we have mentioned the names of judge Muter and major Crittendon, we think proper to observe, that neither of these gentlemen were, to our knowledge, implicated in the negotiation with Spain or England. Colonel Marshall, after Connolly left him, transmitted immediately an account of every particular to general Washington; and the interesting correspondence which took place between general Washington and col. Marshall on this subject, we are authorized to say, is at present, in the possession of Gen. John Marshall, of Richmond, Virginia.
(To be continued.)
Foreign Intelligence.
Continuation of news by the latest arrivals.
A writer in an English paper, on the subject of a peace with Bonaparte, conjectures, that France, to induce England to restore some of the important places she has taken, will endeavour to offer her something like an equivalent elsewhere—Among the territory which might thus be tended to Great-Britain, the Floridas are mentioned.
Merc. Adv.
The Paris Argus, of the 31st of May boasts, that no less than eighty-seven American ships were carried into the ports of Cuba, by French and Spanish privateers, in the short space of three months.
Ib.
Mr. Lyman, passenger in the Sarah from London, confirms the information hitherto received of the sincere desire of the British Government to be on amicable terms with America. The sentiments of Mr. Fox were well known. A speedy restoration of a good understanding was confidently expected.
Boston Palladium.
PACIFIC RUMORS.
The most interesting articles in the London papers are the reports of existence of a negotiation between the French and English cabinets. These reports appear to be bottomed on the following circumstances. Early in June, lord Yarmouth, who had been detained a prisoner in France, was permitted to return to England, leaving his lady in France. About the middle of June he returned to Paris, and it is said, repaired immediately to M. Talleyrand's office. In both journeys rumor made him the bearer of official dispatches. Between his return and the
1st July, another detained prisoner Mr. Wilkinson also arrived from France, with dispatches, it was said, for Mr. Fox; & immediately after, a king's messenger Mr. Balfour, set out from London for Paris. These movements naturally gave rise to numerous conjectures, bets, &c. By some it was stated, that the emperor Bonaparte had offered to restore Hanover to the English crown and consent to the retention of Malta and the Cape, if Great-Britain would recognize the states of the French empire as then constituted! and that a negotiation on the subject was carried on personally by Mr. Fox and M. Talleyrand. But the best informed prints say, the messages have no relation to peace, but merely to prisoners of war; and that lord Yarmouth had returned to his lady at Paris. We have perused the debates of the British parliament with care, to discover if they contained any pacific features—And we have not found any. Whenever the subject in debate, led to any opinion on negotiation, the language of Mr. Fox has been decisive in favor of a continuation of the war; and the supplies asked for were calculated on that continuation. It is true, at the last debates, Mr. Fox, from indisposition, had not appeared in parliament for several days, but his pitch had been continued in the language of lords Grenville and Henry Petty. The stocks it is also true, had experienced some alteration in Paris and London; but their rise was not so great as to indicate any well grounded expectation of approaching peace. In June they stood thus in London:
June 3 Pr. Ct. Cons. Omnium. 6th 61 1-2 2 1/2 13th 62 1-2 4 1-2 23d 63 1-4 6 1-4 26th 63 1-4 5 1-2 30th 63 3-4 6 1-2
We have quoted these prices, that those who are acquainted with the effect of political events on these Thermometers may make their calculations.
Boston Centinel.
On the 15th inst. the emperor Bonaparte entered the 37th year of his age.—We understand the grand Military hats which he promised his army after the battle of Austerlitz , was to commence on that day in Paris, and continue three days.
Ib.
It is reported, that an affair has lately taken place in high life, of so singular a nature, that if ever it come before the public, it will puzzle the faces of Westminster hall, as much as the causes of Doctors' Commons to decide upon it. Some years ago, a person of high rank, obtained a divorce of his wife, after having previously recovered damages against the adulterer who seduced her. The seducer and the lady were married immediately after, and lived together until very lately, when the suffered herself to be again seduced! The new seducer is her former husband .
London pap.
THE BRITISH MUSEUM.
A person heretofore of respectable character and connection, has, within a few days past, been detected in taking from the port-folios deposited in the above place, rare and curious prints, estimated to be worth at least 1500l.—From the time many of the articles have been sold to print-dealers, this person must have been in the habit of stealing them for more than a year.
House of Commons.
Mr. Boyd Alexander presented a petition from certain merchants and inhabitants of Port Glasgow against the American intercourse bill, which was ordered to lie on the table, and to be heard by counsel on the second reading of the said bill.
Mr. Rose presented a petition from certain merchants and ship-owners against the American intercourse bill, which was ordered to lie on the table.
June 20. The squadron detached by Sir Home Popham from the Cape of Good Hope, on the 18th of April, against Buenos Ayres, consists of the Diadem, of 64 guns; the Diomede of 50; the Narcissus and Leda frigates. The troops employed are the 71st & 72d regiments, under the command of general Beresford.
Sir Home Popham is said to have engaged in the expedition against Buenos Ayres without the knowledge of the present government; but admitting this to be true, it is probable that he acted from the instructions of the late ministry, before he could have received any from their successors.
Mr. Monroe, the American minister, has taken a house for the season at Low Leyton.
Mr. Jackson, our late minister at Berlin, has returned to the continent. It has been supposed that the object of his return is to meet any disposition which the cabinet of Berlin may manifest to discuss and terminate the differences between the two governments. After the pledge given by his majesty's ministers, there is but one way in which we can terminate our differences with Prussia; which is, by her evacuating and surrendering Hanover to its lawful sovereign.
OF PEACE.
[FROM THE LONDON COURIER.] At half past 10 o'clock, on Saturday morning, Mr. Wilbraham, an English gentleman, landed at Dover with dispatches from M. Talleyrand for Mr. Fox. He came out of Boulogne in a French row-boat on Friday evenings and was taken up by the Vesta frigate; it being a calm, the frigate sent her boat to him. After rowing nearly all night, the boat landed him on Saturday morning at Dover, and he immediately set off for London.
It is now, we think, beyond a doubt, that a negotiation for peace is going on, and that the negotiation is carried on direct between Mr. Fox and M. Talleyrand. When they have agreed upon a certain basis, each government will appoint negotiators. Perhaps Mr. Wilbraham brought the necessary passports.
We are not only of opinion that a negotiation has been entered upon, but we are not un-
prepared to expect the speedy signature of preliminaries of peace. As Bonaparte would of course demand in limine as the basis and foundation of all negotiation, that we should acquiesce in all his arrangements with respect to the continent, the negotiation would of course have been broken off instantly had Mr. Fox (who is evidently prime minister, for in no one instance since the formation of the new ministry have we discovered the Grenvilles to be predominant) had Mr. Fox, we repeat, not been prepared to acquiesce in those arrangements. The negotiation is generally believed to have been going on for some time; and it is said that the dispatches from our government have been sent by the French officers permitted to go home, and that the dispatches from the French government have been brought by English gentlemen detained since the commencement of the war, and allowed to return to their own country. Mr. Wilbraham was one of those gentlemen. On condition of our acquiescence in, and acknowledgement of, the recent changes on the continent, Bonaparte, it is rumoured, will not object to our keeping Malta and the Cape, and will even give back Hanover to his Britannic majesty. That Prussia has taken Hanover as a compensation for Anspach and other territories ceded to France and Bavaria, will not be any obstacle to the arrangement we have just mentioned.—For it must be recollected, that Bonaparte has never declared that Hanover belonged definitely to Prussia; and indeed it must be recollected that, not long ago it was said in the Moneur , that what he had got was infinitely more than an equivalent for what he had given up. Bonaparte will dispose of Prussia with as little ceremony as he violated her territory of Anspach.
It is true Mr. Fox pledged himself that he would not relinquish one point of honor, an expression which, it is supposed, he meant to apply principally to Hanover, which he declared his Britannic majesty would on no consideration consent to abandon, or cede to his Prussian majesty. But we should have thought that another point of honor which it would have been quite as necessary not to have relinquished as the point of honor with respect to Hanover, would have been that which relates to the king of Naples. The Moneur has always described his Neapolitan majesty as the victim of this attachment; and it cannot be denied, that this attachment to the cause of the allies last war, furnished Bonaparte with a pretext for invading the Neapolitan territories. Can we, without the most outrageous violation of the point of honor, recognize Joseph Bonaparte as king of Naples? We know there are some persons who will ask this question: How can we expect Joseph Bonaparte to restore Naples, and restore the rightful sovereign? To that question we shall always make this reply—that there cannot be a more detestable maxim or principle laid down than this, that what we cannot prevent, we ought to approve of or acquiesce in. But if it be said that in order to rescue the minister from the charge of abandoning the king of Naples, Bonaparte will promise to indemnify him elsewhere; will that in fact be any thing short of abandoning his majesty? We have seen Bonaparte solemnly pledge himself to indemnify the king of Sardinia, but how has he fulfilled that pledge? He would perform any promise with respect to the king of Naples with equal fidelity. But the peace may be concluded without any mention made or stipulation introduced for recognizing the changes upon the continent. But would not that be an equal abandonment of the point of honor with respect to Naples. Besides as Bonaparte is so anxious for an acquiescence in his new arrangements we cannot believe that he will consent to make peace without such an acquiescence on our part.
It may be said that another ally and a relative of his Neapolitan majesty, the Emperor of Germany, made no stipulations in his favor—True. But under what circumstances did his imperial majesty negotiate a peace with France? With his capital and his country in the possession of France.—Besides, Bonaparte had not at that time invaded Naples, nor had he expelled the royal family from the throne.
To this subject, embracing so many points, and touching such a variety of interests, we shall have frequent occasion to refer. We certainly cannot see the necessity of negotiating at present, nor does any man in the kingdom, we believe, expect that any peace that can be made under the present circumstances can be so good a one as the peace of Amiens. The Foxites approved of that peace, we know, and the principle upon which they did so may induce them to approve of a peace less advantageous: But is that a principle which will find favor with any other man in the kingdom.
LONDON, July 1.
Late last night the Hamburg mail due on Sunday arrived. The intelligence brought by it affords us reason to believe, that but a short time will elapse before the empire of Germany will be new cast and modelled; and that Bonaparte, aiming at more extensive authority, and a more copious title, will erect another kingdom in Germany, cause himself to be created king of the Romans, and assume perhaps besides, the more splendid title of emperor of the west. For some centuries, with a single exception, the dignity of the empire has belonged to Austria. But the far the House of Austria, as it has been called, has set, and the imperial sceptre seems to be doomed to pass from the hands of that ancient and illustrious family into that of a family of yesterday. The three powers of Austria, Prussia, and Bavaria, are to remain; and the rest of Germany, including Saxony, Hesse, Franconia, is to constitute a new federative state, under the protection and control of the king of the Romans.
Yet it is amidst these gigantic plans of ambition and aggrandizement, that some persons expect a speedy and honorable peace between this country and France!!
The unsettled state of the German Empire gives rise to numerous reports of rejected changes as to that part of the continent. The Elector of Bavaria, it is said, to resign his authority into the hands of his son, who, it may be recollected, was lately married to the niece of madam Bonaparte. The reports respecting these changes received something like official contradiction in an article dated from Ratishbon. To this, however, little attention is to be paid, as we learn by letters from Hamburg, that it has been inserted in the Correspondent , by command of the French minister at Hamburg.
It was yesterday said in the city that general Miranda had drawn bills to a considerable amount on the Treasury, which had been presented for acceptance.
LIVERPOOL, July 3.
Saturday's gazette contained an order in council for liberating all Papenburgh vessels detained previous to the 14th of May.
SCHIEDAM, June 20.
Arrival of our King.—On Wednesday last, at 5 o'clock in the afternoon, his majesty Louis Napoleon, king of Holland, his royal consort, children and retinue, arrived from Breda at the
ferry of Cattendrecht, opposite Rotterdam, where they were received and presented with refreshments by his excellency vice-admiral Verhuel, minister of marine, conducted by a deputation from the council, by the mayor and Schepens of that city. On the signal being given by the yachts of the marine stationed there, the guns on the bulwark were fired, the flags hoisted on the great church and other public buildings, on the mills, and all the vessels in the several havens. Their majesty's and family crossed the Meuse in a yacht of the marine, and on approaching the shore, were saluted by the repeated acclamations of the spectators. Being arrived within the jurisdiction of Rotterdam, their majesties were welcomed by the city deputation, and his majesty presented, in an appropriate speech, with the keys of the city, but which his majesty graciously left in the hands of the president. The Rev. Thomas Van Beckem, Roman Catholic priest, of Schiedam, at the head of the priests of the same religion at Rotterdam, also congratulated his majesty on his accession and arrival.
About nine o'clock the same evening, the royal party arrived at the Hague, where their majesties were received by a deputation of the magistrates of that place. On presenting his majesty with the wine, called the wine of honor, used on such occasions, the mayor made an appropriate speech; and, on receiving the wine, his majesty expressed his sense of the reception given him. Accompanied by the deputation, the train now set forward to the palace, in the wood—where their majesties were received by a commission from their high mightinesses, another from the council of state, the general secretary of state and other ministers, the French ambassador, and the general in chief Michaud, and other generals and superior officers. Through the whole of the wood along which their majesties had to pass, beautifully illuminated arches were erected.
HAGUE, June 20.
At the audience given yesterday to their high mightinesses by his majesty, every ceremony of ceremonial was observed. They were introduced in the most regular form by the marshal governor of the palace Noguez. The speech delivered by Mr. De Vos Van Stroomwyk Tot Den Hogenhof on the occasion was of the following purport:
"SIRE,"
"The assembly of their high mightinesses, in whose behalf I have at present the honor to speak, is come in a body to offer their obedience to your majesty, and to solicitate you upon your accession to the throne of Holland. In acquitting themselves of so solemn a duty, they entreat you Sire, to receive favorably the sentiments of a delievering and every way respectable nation."
"The concurrence of events and circumstances which have overthrown the political system of Europe, has at length involved our country. After sustaining a multitude of shocks, the nation looks for a term to its long agitations, and ventures to hope, that the sceptre confided to your majesty's foresight and wisdom, will restore its happiness and quiet."
"Peace, Sire, is the greatest of Europe's wants; it is especially so of Holland. May the powerful genius of Napoleon the Great give to us, one day, this invaluable blessing!"
"Sire!—A nation celebrated for its temperance delights to contemplate in you the model of all the virtues, and giveth itself up to the consoling hope, that the paternal care of your majesty for its true interest, will, under the sacred guidance of Providence, invigorate its industry and its commerce, and renovate its ancient glory and splendor. Thus will the present generation and their posterity hail your majesty as the regenerator of the public prosperity."
After the audience of his majesty, their high mightinesses were presented to her majesty the queen. The President addressed her majesty as follows:
"MADAM,"
"With the confidence inspired by the graces and affability of your majesty, the assembly of their high mightinesses eagerly entreats to present to you their homage and respect."
"Permit us, madam, to join your majesty in the vows and congratulations we have just borne to his majesty the king."
"May the general welfare, which will be the constant object of the cares of his majesty, your august spouse, long prove his happiness, and the happiness of your majesty, and of all the royal family."
Both these speeches were received in the most gracious manner by their majesties. The administration of the departments of Holland, the deputies of several other local administrations of the kingdom, and the Staff officers of the navy had also formal audience of his majesty.
The following is a copy of the speech delivered by his majesty to their high mightinesses:
"GENTLEMEN,"
"When the national deputies came to offer me the throne which I ascend this day, I accepted it under the conviction that it was the will of the whole nation—that the confidence and the necessities of all called me to it."
"Relying on the intelligence, zeal, and patriotism of the principal public functionaries, and particularly on yours, gentlemen the deputies, I have fearlessly weighed in my mind the misfortunes of the nation in their fullest extent. Animated by the strongest desire to promote the welfare of this good people, and entertaining a hope that I should one day attain that end, I resisted those sentiments which, till then, had been ever the object and happiness of my life. I have consented to change my country, to cease to be solely and entirely a Frenchman, after having passed my whole life in performing, to the best of my ability, those duties which that name prescribes to all who have the honor of bearing it."
"I have consented to separate myself for the first time, from him, who, from my infancy, has possessed my love and admiration—to lose the repose and independence which those whom heaven calls to govern cannot have—to quit him, the separation from whom would fill me with apprehension, even in the most tranquil times, and whose presence precludes danger."
"I have consented to all this—and, gentlemen, had I not done so, I would nevertheless yet act the same part, now that by the ardor, joy, and confidence of the people through whose country I had passed, they have proved to me that you were the true interpreters of the nation, now especially, when I am convinced that I may rely on your zeal, your attachment to the interests of your native land, and on your confidence in, and fidelity towards me."
"Gentlemen, this is the first day of the real independence of the united provinces. A transient glance at past ages is sufficient to convince us, that they never had a stable government, a fixed destiny, a real independence. Under that famous people, whom they fought and served by turns, as under the Franks and the empire of the west, they were neither free nor tranquil."
"Neither were they so afterwards, when subjected to Spain."
"Their wars, and their repeated quarrels until the union, added to the glory of the nation,
confirmed its qualities in point of frankness, intrepidity and honor, for which indeed, it had been always celebrated: but its efforts procured it neither tranquility nor independence, even under the princes of Orange, who, though they and their statesmen, were always disturbing it, by extending or endeavoring to obtain a power which the nation denied them."
"Nor could Holland be considered in that state in later times, when the elevation of ideas, and the general agitation of Europe so long suspended the repose of the nation."
"After so many vicissitudes, so much agitation, so many calamities; and at a time when the great states were enlarging themselves, ameliorating and concentrating their governments, and their forces, this country could enjoy no real safety nor independence but in a moderate monarchical state; a form which had been acknowledged during a long period, and by each nation in its turn, as the most perfect, and, if not absolutely so, yet as much so as the nature of man will admit. But, doubtless, if perfection were the lot of humanity, we might then dispense with a government of this kind.—Laws would then be founded in wisdom, and obeyed without reluctance or obstacle; virtue would reign triumphant, and ensure its own reward; vice would be banished, and wickedness rendered impotent; but illusions which favor such romantic ideas of human nature are transient; and experience soon brings us back to positive facts."
"However, even monarchy is not sufficient for a country which, though powerful and important, is not sufficiently so for its position, which requires forces of the first rate both by land and sea. It will, therefore, be necessary for it to form a connection with one of the great powers of Europe, with which its army may be eternally assured without any alteration of its independence."
"This, gentlemen, is what your nation has done; this is the object of its constitutional laws, and also that of my taking upon me an employment so glorious; this is my object in placing myself in the midst of a people who are and ever shall be mine, by my affection and fidelity. With pride I perceive two of the principal means of government and confidence offering themselves to me; the honor and the virtue of the inhabitants."
"Yes, gentlemen, these shall be the real supporters of the throne—I will for no other guides. For my part, I know no distinctions of religion or party—distinctions can only arise from merit and services. My design is only to remedy the evils which the country has suffered. The duration of these evils, and the difficulty in remedying them, will only increase and reanimate my glory."
"To effect these objects, I have occasion for the entire confidence of the nation, their complete devotion, and all the talents of the distinguished men whom it contains, but particularly of you, gentlemen, whose zeal, talents and patriotism are well known."
"I am at this moment appealing to the good and faithful Hollanders, before the deputies of the provinces and principal cities of the kingdom, I see them around me with pleasure. Let them bear to their fellow-citizens the assurance of my solicitude and affection; let them carry the same testimony of these sentiments to Amsterdam; that city, which is the honor of commerce and the country; that city, which I with my good and faithful capital, though the Hague will always remain the residence of the sovereign. Let them also carry the same assurance to their fellow citizens and the deputies of that neighboring city, the prosperity of which I hope very soon to renew, and whose inhabitants I distinguish."
"It is by these sentiments, gentlemen,—it is by the union of all orders of people in the state, and by that of my subjects among themselves; it is by the devotion of each individual to his duties, the only basis of real honor assigned to men; but principally by the unanimity which has hitherto preserved these provinces from all dangers and calamities, and which has ever been their shield, that I expect the tranquility, safety and glory of the nation, and the happiness of my life."
NORFOLK, August 20.
Capt. Strong, of the ship Highland Mary , in 50 days from Antwerp, arrived this morning, and has favored us with Paris papers to the 21st, and Dutch papers to the 18th June, but their contents are quite uninteresting. The Paris papers are filled with details of the affair of Pierce , and are sanguine that an immediate rupture between Great Britain and this country is inevitable.
The silence of our Paris papers, respecting a separate peace between Russia and France, proves that the intelligence via London is unfounded.
A Paris paper of the 20th June, gives the following statement of the commerce of the city of Bordeaux— Arrived , in the month of May, 100 vessels, manned with 566 men, and of tons 9,514— Sailed , 120 vessels, of 11,895 tons, manned with 760.
West-Indies.
We are concerned to state, that by the recent arrivals, positive information is received of the prevalence, in certain West-India islands, of an unusual degree of sickness, we have been particularly informed, that this is the case with St. Jago de Cuba, and Port-au-prince. (Phil. Gaz.)
A letter from Bermuda, dated 28th July, received at New-York, says, "The brig Friend's Adventure , Dodge, of New-York, was this day brought to trial, and both brig and cargo restored, with the exception of one shipment. A few days ago the ship Huntress , of New-York, was brought in here and detained on suspicion of having contraband goods on board."
CHARLESTON, August 16.
Off Beachy Head, on the 18th June, capt. Easterby spoke brig Nestor , 25 days from Boston for Amsterdam, June 28, in lat. 40, 38, long 36, a Schooner, from Plymouth for Antwerp, 17 days out. July 20, in lat. 34, long 64, 20, was boarded by a British 74, one of a fleet of six sail of the line and two brigs, seven days from the West-Indies, on the look out for the French fleet—left them steering N. E.
Domestic Intelligence.
NEW-YORK, August 21.
We learn from the agent who arrived from Halifax, where he had been as advocate for the owners of the ship Herkimer , captured last June within sight of the Hook, by the Leander , capt. Whitby, and sent in for adjudication; that on the 25th July they came to trial, and on the 2d of August the Judge pronounced his decree, which was that the vessel and her whole cargo

vargo, not even the captain's adventure excepted be condemned. She was owned by Robert Gilchrist, Esq. and others of this city, and was from Lima, with a cargo worth in this market between two and three hundred thousand dollars. The principal ground of condemnation is said to be the unaccustomed trade .—E. P.
By the arrival of Dr. Williams, a respectable inhabitant of Trinidad, who failed from thence on the 24th of July, we are informed of the health of gen. Miranda, and the gentlemen who accompany him, who, all in high spirits, failed on that day for the continent, in full expectation of being received with open arms by the people at large. Dr. Williams also brings the pleasing intelligence, that the gentlemen and crews of the Schooners were well, and were treated with attention—that there is not the least probability of any injury happening to them; and that, probably, by this day, they are with their associates.
The following is an extract of a letter dated Trinidad, 24th July. "Miranda and his squadron are this moment weighing. It is composed of the Leander, the Lilly, and Express Sloops of war, the Attentive gun brig, Prevost and Tickler armed Schooners, and four gun boats. If we can credit the reports from the continent, the Sovereign People have, in a great measure revolted, and Miranda will find little or no difficulty in obtaining the objects of his wishes— Hail Columbia happy land . A letter from a young gentleman at Trinidad, to his friend in this city, dated July 24, says— "Accounts which come in daily from the prisoners taken in Miranda's Sch's say, that, altho' closely confined, they are extremely well used by the Spaniards."
PHILADELPHIA, August 23. MELANCHOLY! By the arrival of the brig Endymion , capt. Suter, 16 days from La Guaira, we are informed, that a part of the crews of Miranda's Schooners, taken some time since by the Spaniards—viz. Captains Donohue and Gardner, Messrs. Lippincott, Ledlie, Paul George, Ireland, a Polish gentleman, and one Smith a Butcher, of N. York, were all hung, and their heads set on poles, a few days before the Endymion failed, and the other part of the crews 48 in number were condemned to the Mines for 10 years. The fame accounts say, that Miranda had received a reinforcement of 10 sail, and gone against the Carracas; but that no fears were entertained by the Spanish government.
True Amer. Extract of a letter from captain Suter of the brig Endymion , arrived at the Lazaretto, from La Guaira, dated August 23, 1806. "I arrived here after a passage of 16 days from La Guaira—I was boarded by the Brutus armed Schooner from Antigua and politely treated. In the Mona Passage was boarded by one of his majesty's brigs from Europe, behaved very mean, detaining us and pressed several men from board—He would not tell his name nor his vessel. Lat. 26, 20, long. 71, 00, spoke sch'r Caroline, 9 days out, from Trinidad bound to Philadelphia; lat. 34, 58, long. 72, 30, spoke sch'r Trent, from Edenton bound to Guadaloupe. "Eight days before the Endymion failed, 10 of the officers of Miranda's Schooners captured, were hung and 48 put into slavery ten years, those who were hung had their heads cut off and hung up in iron cages on the different roads through the country. Four boys remain in the Castle.
"Left at La Guaira, Schooner Polly, Seller, for Boston." Arrived, yesterday at New-Castle, D. ship, Three Siders, Rofs, 24 days from Port-au-Prince, failed in company with the Schooner Admiral of Norfolk. On the 20th off the Mole Head, was boarded by his majesty's brig Morn-  Fortune , and treated politely. The captain informed us that he should consider all vessels bound from the United States to Hayti, after the non-intercourse bill had passed, as good prizes and act accordingly. On the 31st was boarded by the private armed brig Atkinson , of Kingston. On the 4th August, off Watland's Island, was boarded by his majesty's Schooner Redbridge , which vellet made prize of the Admiral, Cranston, then in company, and ordered her for New-Providence: they confirmed to us, the information we had received from the Morne Fortune .
The British privateers, &c. having declared that they would take all American vessels bound to Hayti, a correspondent wishes to know if they are employed by our executive as custom-house officers to prevent a breach of the laws of the United States, or whether they have taken it upon themselves, as they have done that of guards acosta. If they have done it spontaneously for the good of trade, and not for the lucre of gain, they will no doubt be entitled to the thanks of Bonaparte and all his adherents.
LEXINGTON, (Ken.) August 2. COMMUNICATED.
Can Wood be any thing more like the puppet of a principal juggler, who fitting behind the curtain, is determined, demon like , to obtain, revenge of men, whose firmness and integrity on former occasions, put him off the political stage, and consigned him to private life? Why do not men who have proof of the fact in their possession, drag him from his den, and put him into public view, in all his native colors? Alarmed by the effects which are likely to follow from the mention of names. Wood resorts to innuendoes—no longer mentions names—and like most other cowardly assassins, he chooses to slink in the dark.
The dark and assassin like innuendoes which Wood throws out against the memory of the late Col. George Nicholas, whose integrity, firmness and independence, sunk the Feds of Kentucky into insignificance, proves the motives with which the Western World was established. Federalists cannot hope to regain the respect of every patriot, whether dead or living, whose principles and whose actions bear testimony against their conduct.
GEORGIA. SAVANNAH, August 15. THE CATERPILLAR! Accounts from several of the Planters to the Southward of us wear a very gloomy aspect; it appears that they have among them, that fell destroyer of the planter's hopes, the CATERPILLAR, therefore, the appearances of a favorable crop are not very flattering—for some years past, the lower country planters have been truly unfortunate; and while we lament, with them, their hard fate, we are happy to hear that the up-country planters have a favorable prospect of a good crop the present season. The Augusta Chronicle, of the 9th inst. states, that since our last report, we are happy to learn that
the rains which have so seasonably, and so generally fallen of late, have added to the hopes and prospects of the planters—what the corn has suffered by drought, will be amply compensated by an extraordinary growth of cotton, the staple of Georgia—there is not a country where the planter is not flattered with the most agreeable prospects, and the price now offered for the REMNANT OF THE LAST CROP, is highly encouraging to the next. This week cotton sold in Augusta from 17 to 18 cents."
NEW-ORLEANS, July 26. Extra of a letter from a gentleman at Fort Adams to his friend in this city, dated 21st July. "We are hourly expecting the arrival of general Wilkinson. In his late letter to the commanding officer here he promised to be at this place by the 20th instant, if his orders were not countermanded. "I am not enough of a politician, statesman or soldier, to tell what is the contemplated movement."
Our correspondent at St. Louis, under date of the 3rd June, informs us that parties run very high in that quarter—the troops stationed there were sent down the Mississippi, but no fears were entertained from the Indians. Traders from the Missouri were coming in every day—No accounts from captains Lewis and Clarke—it is expected they will come home by the way of China. The gentleman who has gone from Georgia some time ago, have enjoyed the most perfect health.
(Georgia paper.)
The Enquirer. RICHMOND, 29th AUGUST.
To wake the soul by tender strokes of art, To raise the genius, and to mend the heart; To make mankind in conscious virtue bold, Live o'er each scene, and be what they behold; For this, the tragic Muse first trod the stage.
Pope. On Monday night, Mr. COOPER played the character of Iago, in Shakespeare's "OTHELLO, THE MOOR OF VENICE."
It is impossible to run through every particular scene, in which Mr. COOPER shone pre-eminent. A nun might count over her beads seven hundred fold, before the census could be completed. Every scene, every speech, every sentence of the drama, in which Othello bears a part, would have to be exhausted. Not those passages alone, which fell from his lips, would be quoted, but those which were calculated to call forth the emotions of Othello. It is in this under play of his character; it is at those points of the drama, where every member but the tongue speaks the emotions of the man, that he more than ever towers above his competitors. When Cooper speaks, it is impossible not to devour every sound which he utters: when Cooper listens, his eye, his lip, his forehead, his fingers are almost adequate to supply the cessation of his voice. It is enough then, that passing over the innumerable graces of his performance, we note some of his most prominent beauties, as the pages of the play rapidly roll beneath our fingers.
In the Sword-scene with Brabantio, the calm, self-balanced intrepidity of the soldier broke forth, when he commanded all tumult to cease: "Were it my cue to fight, I should have known it Without a prampter." In the Senate-scene, his apologetic speeches were pronounced with the full force of conscious and triumphant innocence. Every word seemed animated by the emotion, which he felt: like "each particular hair, upon the fretful porcupine." When he describes his first discovery of Desdemona's love, each feature of his face seemed again to glisten with the recollected joy. But there was a sweetness, a softness in his tone as if it feared to fling the history of his love abroad into the world, a melting cadence as if inspired anew by the memory of his early love, when he poured forth the word "plain" in the following passage, which baffles description:
"which I observing, Took out a plant hour, and found good means To draw from her a prayer of earnest heart." The music of his voice as he pronounced the word "wonderful," was sweet as Apollo's lute: "Twas pitiful, 'twas wondrous pitiful!" It was a blended expression of the tender astonishment of Desdemona when she heard his achievements, with the modesty of the soldier who narrates them. In the Fracas-scene, where he cashiered Cassio, his powers of command were amply portrayed.
"What in a town of war, Yet wild, the people's hearts brim-full of fear, To manage private and domestic quarrel In night, and on the court and guard of safety? "Tis monstrous. Say, Iago, who began 't? His command was irresistible; and the fictitious Iago was compelled to obey. But it is in those scenes where the birth and progress of his jealousy is evolved, where fill hesitating between the native unassisted honesty of Desdemona, and the artful evidences of her guilt that are accumulated by the villainous Iago, one while relapsing into the confidence of love, & at another reluctantly yielding beneath the plausible circumstances of suspicion, until his imagination completely rides ascendant, and he determines that Desdemona should die; it is amidst this uproar of the diversified and sublimated passions, that the mind of Cooper displays all its theatrical treasures.
In that much-celebrated passage, in the first scene of jealousy with Iago, "Perdition catch my soul but I do love thee," contrary to Sheridan's opinion and the most forcible expression of the line, Mr. Cooper placed the emphasis on the word "love;" instead of "do." "The emphasis on the latter (says Sheridan) marks the vehemence of his affection much better, than any emphasis on the verb 'love' could."
In the same scene, when Iago first touched upon the spring of all his woes, by pronouncing the word "jealousy;" Cooper soared above himself. Every limb, every feature seemed to be agonized on the rack! But it was his eye alone, haggard, wild, projected to the earth, and dimly bursting through his knitted eyebrow, that fixed almost every gaze. The Pit, who caught the full force of its expression, burst into the loudest plaudits.—His judgment, however, pauses in its suspicions, and it ebbs back into the confidence of recollected love: "No, Iago. "I'll see, before I doubt; when I doubt, prove; In the scene, where Iago works upon his imagination by the aid of the "strawberry handkerchief," the agitated suspension of his mind gives way to the deepening horrors of desperation. With what adroitness, did Mr. Cooper relinquish the once pleasing scenes of "Othello's occupation!" "Oh now, for ever Farewell the tranquil mind! Farewell content! Farewell the plume, the troops, and the big war, That make ambition virtue! oh, farewell!"
"Farewell the neighing steed, and the shrill trump, The spirit-stirring drum, the ear-piercing fife, The royal banner, and all quality, Pride, pomp, and circumstance of glorious war!" In the 9th scene of the 4th act with Desdemona, Mr. Cooper delivered to admiration, that celebrated speech, wherein he places the horrors of unrequited and abused love, above all the other woes incident to man: "Had it pleased Heaven, To try me with affliction, had he rain'd All kind of losses and shames on my bare head, Sweep'd me in poverty to the very lips, Given to captivity me and my hopes; &c." But there where I have garnered up my heart! &c.
The dying scene of Mr. Cooper was worthy of the greatness in which he had lived. The manner of his death was an evident improvement upon Shakespeare's plan.
"Set you down this— And say, besides, that in Aleppo once, Where a malignant and a turban'd Turk Beat a Venetian, and traduced the State, I took by the throat the circumcised dog, And smote him thus!" (Stabs himself.) It is here that Mr. Cooper expires; not like Shakespeare protracting his existence, until he had time to make another speech, abounding in a most miserable conceit. "I kiss'd thee ere I kill'd thee.—No way but this," (To Desdemona.) "Killing myself, to die upon a kiss."
It is such ludicrous conceits as these, that the father of the English stage has scattered through all his compositions: and it is principally by the want of them, that the dramas of Kotzebue have aspired to an equality with those of Shakespeare.
But the death of Othello, which terminated the pleasures of Mr. Cooper's exhibition, must likewise put an end to our enumeration of its beauties. To feel them properly, a man must have seen them for himself. Like ourselves, he must have had the living model before him; and then like us, he would have pronounced, that when the curtain dropt upon Othello, it shut out from his view a greater tragedian, than he ever beheld.
But the sun himself is not without its spots. The broad ocean of light in which they are buried, may hide them from the superficial or the glancing eye ; but look at the blazing orb attentively, and "the mantle of light" appears with its imperfections. Let Mr. Cooper then, as much as he pleases, aspire to be the splendid luminary of the stage; it is an honorable ambition; but let him no more than the sun be vain enough to aspire to an "unblenched majesty."—We place out of our criticism the form and texture of his limbs; though it must strike every eye that they are neither on the model of the Farneese Hercules nor of the Apollo Belvedere. We do not defend to a criticism upon nature, which Mr. Cooper can neither remodel nor improve: but it is to the manner in which he employs her powers, that we dedicate our criticisms.
View Mr. Cooper as he stands , attitudes will frequently strike you, that degrade the dignity of the character which he represents. Hoagarth's "line of Grace" is not always the line of majesty. Mr. Cooper's shoulders are too often curved and shelving; his knees instead of being firm and solid in their articulation are flexible and bent; his feet instead of being projected apart, into a suitable angle, are placed near and almost parallel to each other, somewhat resembling the attitude of Aethelred in Bell's Edition of the English plays. The same want of energy accompanies his motion . In the technical language of the theatre, he does not properly tread the stage . Has not every passion of the mind its peculiar impulse upon every part of our frame? Lavater has employed no inconsiderable labour in catching the physiognomy of the face: but the tones of the voice, and even the articulations of the knees have their mental expression. The very extremities of his frame should be in unison with the elevated passions which Mr. Cooper represents: his eye not alone the index of the soul; but his very step firm, elastic, and full of nerve. Look at Mr. Cooper, however, particularly as he is withdrawing from the audience, and your eye must often confess the imperfection of the model. The enthusiasm of his feelings seems not always to have descended to his extremities; his knees are bending when they should be stiff, and his feet instead of rising into the air, have "a leaden" force "that loves the ground." In attempting to avoid the usual first of the stage, he has unfortunately assumed the attitude of a flounce .
Mr. Cooper's voice is of a large compass of tones, and each tone is of exquisite music. Still that compass has its limits. Confined within a certain range of tones, it is sweet, loud and powerful. But raise it beyond a certain key, and it obviously falls short of the pitch which he attempts to produce, and the sound which is emitted, is dissonant and harsh. In the banderschief scene with Iago, this remark was completely verified.
"Villain, be sure thou prove my love a whore; Be sure of it: give me the ocular proof, [Catching hold of him.] Or by the worth of man's eternal soul, Thou hast been better have been born a dog, Than answer my wakt wrath." By the time Mr. Cooper had reached the third line, his voice sunk beneath the effort of pronunciation. It is evident, that this was no pretended weakness, to represent the extreme, and exhausting violence of Othello's emotions; because the speech was almost delivered at the commencement of the scene, and jealousy, like its sister Madness, does not immediately exhaust the strength of its victims.
No man on the stage so little "mouths" his speeches as Mr. Cooper. The tone of voice is incomparably chaste, its volume almost mechanically suited to the pitch of his passion. But in a few instances perhaps "he overstepped the modesty" of their limits. Fearing to want dignity, his voice would assume a rant not supported by the weight of the sentiment; and sometimes fearing to lose its perspicuity, it would drawl and spin itself into a long lifting accent: "Like a wounded snake dragging his flow length along."
The pronunciation of the word "Pace" at the end of one of the sentences, more particularly hit upon our ear. We "had no stop-watch, my Lord," or we might have numbered the seconds, which it consumed.
Mr. GREEN supported the character of Iago with considerable skill. In his soliloquies, where the mask was completely taken off and the villain appeared in all his deformities, his representation was the greatest. But even in these solitary scenes, his deportment was not sufficiently marked by the savage joy of triumphant villainy. It is the melancholy mask of man, that whatever be the ruling passion of his soul, he exults in its gratification. It is not confined to him alone, who is studying the prosperity of his country; for it is his also, who is meditating the blackest means of revenge. The mind of Iago like that of Newton is busy upon a favourite train of thought, over which the villain broods in secret soliloquy. He should therefore be represented under the successive revolutions through which his mind must be supposed to pass—intently musing up-
on the means of revenge—the idea as yet half glimmering through his brain—until reflection having removed every doubt of its practicability, he bursts forth into the full rapture of a successful conspirator: "I have't—it is engendered—hell and night Must bring this monstrous birth to the world's light!"
Mr. Green's Iago had a full-finished appearance of thought , but it wanted the full expression of his feelings . This defect was still more obvious in his interluding interviews with Othello. While he is engaged in secret soliloquy, his feelings flow from him as they arise in his bosom; no labour is necessary to restrain them, because no one is supposed to be present who might possibly notice and detect his deceptions. But in his scenes with Othello, the part which he plays is still more difficult. He has two characters to support; of the villain who secretly exults in the success of his own stratagems, and of him who is attempting to disguise his secret machinations, under the appearance of disinterested friendship. The struggle between the secret enemy and the pretended friend are vehement, and give full scope to all the powers of the performer. The last should be represented to have the ascendancy, when Othello's eye was turned upon Iago. The former, when not an eye was fixed upon him, and he was replaced as it were, in all the freedom of his soliloquies.
These opportunities were frequent, because the mind of Othello was frequently absorbed by his own meditations. But the countenance of Mr. Green had almost a uniform expression, whether his companion's eye was upon him or not. He seemed actually afraid of indulging the exultation of his soul, lest Othello should turn too quickly upon him, and detect his imposture.—Throw however these defects aside, & the character of Iago was supported to admiration. Mr. Green has great skill in the various departments of the stage; he has still much greater capacities ; let him only appear full officer upon the boards; and perform such characters as Horatio instead of devolving them upon Mr. Collins; and there is no limits on the stage, to circumcribe his ambition.
Let the performers on the stage recollect, that Hamlet's advice to their profession is extremely imperfect. The duty of a player is of two different kinds; the speaking and the underplaying part. In all that Shakespeare has advised upon the subject, he has completely confined his lessons to the first of these duties; directing his players how to employ their tongues , how to "suit the action to the word ," and to "speak no more than is set down" for them. He has unfortunately omitted all that constitutes the underplay of the character; the looking of the part, the sympathising attention, the gestures, the expressions of the face, which should go along with the scene, when the performer has ceased his speech, or even retired into the background.
This is the part, in which the performers of the Richmond stage are so inexcusably defective. Do these gentlemen suppose that the character which they represent, lives only in their voice ? That it expires, when they cease to speak? Or are they too modest to listen to the dialogue, which passes on the stage; and fearful of the character of an Eves-dropper, do they prefer to entertain themselves? Or is it that they will pay the honours of the boue when they thus turn their attention from the players on the stage, to the audience? It was a subject of merriment on Monday night to see Messrs. Rutherford and Wilmot retiring into the back-scene of the stage, putting their heads together like two social faces from some old medal, and diverting themselves at the expense of the boxes. It was a pity that they did not cast their eyes upon Mrs. Barret who was playing in the same back-scene, and who never lost her character in her curiosity. The great Cooper himself is a model, which they may not disdain to imitate.
Upon what a fine, and "most attenuated thread," hangs the destiny of the world. Had the stone, which struck Mahomet in his first battle, been propelled with a little more force, or aimed at a more vital part, it would, according to Voltaire, have changed the religion of one quarter of the globe. Was a single drachm of lead to penetrate the heart of Napoleon, it would work more important revolutions than could be adequately described. It would break down the colossal strength of his existing and extending confederation. It would be of more real aid towards the preservation of G. Britain, than her united navy or all the volunteers of her Empire.—This is one of the grand distinctions between a Monarchy and a Republic. In the latter, the life of one individual is not of so much consequence, unless in certain cases of military emergency, as to involve the peace and prosperity of the whole. But in the former, upon one man's existence depends the fate of thousands.
No one system could have been more artfully contrived, for the endangerment of the British empire, than Bonaparte's Federative System. Whether we look to its consequences in peace or in war, the same conclusion appears to be irresistible.
In a period of war, the land or the sea-forests of his states will be united to his own. Their navies in particular will be extended during a period of peace, to swell his own in the moment of war. But their maritime situation, their commerce, and the number of their ship-builders are peculiarly adapted to this purpose: a purpose, which is much better suited to the coasts of Holland or Naples, than the inland Mountains of Switzerland.
In a period of peace, their commerce will be subjected to the same regulations and restrictions.
FAIRFIELD RACES.
ON Tuesday the 7th October will be run for—the JOCKEY CLUB PURSE of Five Hundred Dollars, four mile heats. 3d Day—THE PROPRIETOR'S PURSE of Two Hundred and Fifty Dollars, three mile heats. 3d Day—A HANDY CAP. There is open a Subscription for three years old Colts and Fillies, for the 4th Day, fifty dollars entrance. The Subscription for Colts and Fillies one year old last spring, to be run for in the fall 1808, will remain open until the evening of the Second Day's race—There are five Colts now entered, at one hundred dollars each—half forfeit.
WEIGHTS AS FOLLOWS: Aged Horses, 133 lbs. 4 Years Old, 106 lbs. 6 Years Old, 124 lbs. 5 do. do. 90 lbs. 5 do. do. 118 lbs. Mares & geldings allowed 5 lbs.
The Dining-House and Booths in the field are to be Rented.—Toll will be received at the gate as formerly—Foot passengers admitted gratis. Richmond, August 29th, 1806. E. SMOCK, PROPRIETOR.
ons as those of France. We speak not of the interests of those people themselves, for these are obviously at war with all the restrictions, which Bonaparte may please to impose upon them for his own advantage; but we merely allude to the effect of these regulations upon the trade of Britain. And what will be their effect? Holland and the whole of Italy are, commercially speaking, a part of France. It is a consequence of this state of things, that British goods and British vessels will be as completely shackled in their ports as in those of France.
Will then G. Britain submit to such an injurious arrangement? Is it possible to make a peace between her and France, when the very first article which France may require from her, will contain a recognition of these recent arrangements? Is it Louis Bonaparte asking as king of Holland, Eugene Beauharnais king of Milan, and Joseph Bonaparte king of Naples?
JOHN PAGE, Esq. the late venerable governor of Virginia, has been appointed Commissioner of Loans, in the place of MERIWETHER JONES, Esq. deceased. We have not yet understood, whether Mr. Page has accepted the commission.
CHRISTOPHER CLARKE, Esq. has resigned his seat in the Congress of the U. States, and writs of election have been issued for supplying the vacancy. In the counties of Bedford, Patrick and Henry, the election is to be held on each of their court days in the month of October; and in the county of Franklin in the month of November.—We have not yet understood the names of the candidates.
Last Evening's Mail.
NEW-YORK, August 23. Capt. Allcorn, of the ship Clyde , arrived on Thursday evening from Trinidad, informs that a day or two previous to the falling of Miranda's Squadron, the commander in chief received direct intelligence that the whole of the Carracas was in a state of revolt, and that two armies consisting of from ten to fifteen thousand men each were in the field, awaiting the arrival of General Miranda;—the one is commanded by Don Pedro Minto—the name of the other commander is not recollected. Our informant adds, that the officers and soldiers were in health and in high spirits.
It has been a subject of much surprise in this region that General Miranda should have wasted so much time at St. Domingo, and in other parts of the West-Indies, when the hope of success depended, in a great measure, on an expedition and unexpected effort. That he should have delayed the expedition, until the government of the Carracas had been informed of the proposed attack, and had placed the country in the best possible state of defence, has been urged as proof of the feeble and inefficient character of Miranda. The following extract of a letter (dated Port of Spain, Trinidad, July 8th) from an officer of the Spanish army, throws some light upon the cause of this delay. "You will receive this day have the hand of Captain Allcorn who is requested to give you as full a detail of the expedition as he may think proper. I should transfer orders, were I to write this detail at the present moment. The following, however, I may venture to give you. We have been hitherto thwarted in all our attempts to accomplish the intention communicated to you before we parted. But the cowardly men who devised plans to defeat and destroy one of the most glorious enterprises ever attempted by man, have themselves not only been defeated, but thrust out; and I hope the present generation, as well as posterity may learn the authors of this nefarious plot. Our misfortunes began at St. Domingo, and continued until we reached the Spanish Main, where we lost our two Schooners, as detailed in the paper I now enclose. This unfortunate occurrence having taken place, we touched at Bonair for water, and then departed with our little force for Trinidad. Off Grenada, we fell in with his Britannic majesty's ship Ellen , who was in pursuit of us to join the expedition. Both ships put into Grenada, where we received much important information. From thence we failed for Barbadoes; having remained there 14 days, and having been joined by two other vessels, we came to this island. We shall sail from this in a few days, with a respectable force, both land and sea; and in my next, I will give you every particular worthy of notice."
Dal. Adv. Capt Gillies, from Jamaica, informs, that an embargo was laid upon all vessels in the ports of Jamaica on the 25th July, and was to continue to the 10th of August, in consequence of the falling of the homeward bound fleet. The brig Reward , Franklin, was at Kingston, for New-York, ready for sea. The brig Mercury , Adams, of Boston, from Trinidad, for New-York, with sugar, coffee and fufus, has been sent into Kingston, by the Arethusa frigate.
Merc. Adv. RICHMOND THEATRE.
Mr. COOPER'S BENEFIT—being his last appearance here. THIS EVENING, August 29th, will be presented, Shakespeare's celebrated Tragedy of RICHARD THE THIRD: OR, THE BATTLE OF BOSWORTH FIELD. To which will be added, the Farce of MISS IN HER TEENS; or, A Medley of Lovers.
FAIRFIELD RACES.
ON Tuesday the 7th October will be run for—the JOCKEY CLUB PURSE of Five Hundred Dollars, four mile heats. 3d Day—THE PROPRIETOR'S PURSE of Two Hundred and Fifty Dollars, three mile heats. 3d Day—A HANDY CAP. There is open a Subscription for three years old Colts and Fillies, for the 4th Day, fifty dollars entrance. The Subscription for Colts and Fillies one year old last spring, to be run for in the fall 1808, will remain open until the evening of the Second Day's race—There are five Colts now entered, at one hundred dollars each—half forfeit.
WEIGHTS AS FOLLOWS: Aged Horses, 133 lbs. 4 Years Old, 106 lbs. 6 Years Old, 124 lbs. 5 do. do. 90 lbs. 5 do. do. 118 lbs. Mares & geldings allowed 5 lbs.
The Dining-House and Booths in the field are to be Rented.—Toll will be received at the gate as formerly—Foot passengers admitted gratis. Richmond, August 29th, 1806. E. SMOCK, PROPRIETOR.

TRAVELS IN THE UNITED STATES.
We have more than once expressed our extreme surprise, that Volney's Travels through our country should have so little excited the public attention. It is incomparably the most accurate description of its physical phenomena, and the most philosophical solution of their causes and effects...
View of the Climate and Soil of the United States of America: to which are annexed some Accounts of Florida, the French Colony on the Mississippi, certain Canadian Colonies, and the Savages or Natives...
WE have met Mr. Volney in many different walks both of politics and literature, and have followed him with different and opposite emotions. We have admired the intelligent and enlightened traveller...
The first chapter is on the geographical site of the United States, and the superficialities of their territory. The country is estimated at a million of English miles square...
The aspect of the country presents one entire forest. Man has cleared a few spots; the conflagrations of the savages have added to these open spaces...
If the whole of the country could be taken in at one view, we should perceive this forest to be divided into three grand districts, distinguished from each other by the kind, species, and aspect of the trees that compose it.
The first of these districts, which I call the southern forest, includes the maritime parts of Virginia, of the two Carolinas, of Georgia, and of the Floridas, and extends generally speaking, from Chesapeake Bay to the river St. Mary...
The second district, or middle forest, comprises
the hilly part of the Carolinas and Virginia, all Pennsylvania, the south of New-York, all Kentucky and the north-western territory, as far as the river Wabash. The whole of this extent is filled with different species of the oak, beech, maple, walnut, sycamore, acacia, mulberry, plum, ash, birch, sassafras, and poplar...
The third district, or northern forest, likewise composed of pines, firs, larches, cedars, cypresses, &c. begins from the confines of the former, covers the north of New-York, the interior of Connecticut and the Massachusetts, gives it's name to the state of Vermont, and leaving to the deciduous forest only the banks of the rivers, and their alluvions, extends by the way of Canada toward the north...
Such is the general aspect of the territory of the United States: an almost uninterrupted continental forest: five great lakes on the north: on the west extensive Savannas: in the centre a chain of mountains their ridges running in a direction parallel to the sea-coast, the distance of which is from fifty to a hundred and thirty miles...
This animated picture of the United States is a sketch which merits particular attention. If to this be added the physical description we lately offered of the continent, the direction of its mountains, rivers, &c. nothing is wanting to form a general complete idea of the philosophical geography of this vast portion of the globe.
The general configuration of the territory of the United States follows; which tracing the chains of mountains, divides the country into the Atlantic district, the western, and the mountainous. The first is sufficiently known; the second has been often described...
The loose and permeable nature of this soil occasions a peculiarity in the brooks and rivers, which I have seen in some parts of Syria, and even in France, but no where so frequently; for throughout all Kentucky and Tennessee we are incessantly meeting with tunnels from fifty to five hundred paces in diameter...
1st. That almost all the streams and rivers of Kentucky and Tennessee are as it were enclosed in grooves between two perpendicular banks, from fifty feet high, like those of the Ohio, to four hundred, as the precipice of the river Kentucky at Dixon's Point.
2dly. That the country is rugged, and furrowed with deep gullies; beside being traversed with lateral branches of the Alleghany mountains, no less deep in their declivities than narrow in their summits.
3dly. That as the land cannot be watered by art the people of Kentucky, and in some measure those of Tennessee, already complain of drought, which increases in proportion as the country is cleared of wood, & dissipates the illusions of speculators in land...
Since the woods have been cut down the streams seem more abundant, though the quantity of rain is diminished. The reason assigned by Mr. Volney is, that the thick bed of leaves retained the water, till it was evaporated; but since these are removed, it sinks into the ground; forming streams by accumulation.
Contrary to those of Kentucky, the rivers of the North-western territory run even with the surface, not only on account of the flatness of the level, but in consequence of the clayey nature of the soil, which prevents the water from penetrating into it.
Whoever examines all the circumstances of this spot with attention will clearly perceive, that here the fall first commenced, and that the river by sawing down, the bed of rock, if I may use the expression, hollowned out the chasm, and continued carrying back it's breach from age to age, till it has at length reached the spot where the cascade now is.
It resembles Tatary, only wanting it's inhabitants to become horsemen; and this in fact has begun to take place within these five and twenty or thirty years, the Nihicawa or Nadoweffe savages, till that period accustomed solely to travel on foot, having stolen many of the Spanish horses wandering in the savannas of the north of Mexico.
The mountainous country is better known. Indeed mountains are imposing objects, which force themselves on our attention: rivulets must be investigated, plains sedulously explored. The American mountains are, indeed, regular in their direction; their ridges uninterrupted, and equal; yet they rise to an inconsiderable height, compared with the Pyrenees, the Alps, and the Andes.
With respect to the internal structure of this vast continent, we had an extensive account, which greatly illustrates the physical geography of America. It is with regret we perceive that we can only trace its outline. The granitic region extends from long Island northward, and westerly on the Alleghany, bounded by the lakes on the south.
The mountains of North America are in a direction at right angles to the course of the rivers. This circumstance not peculiar to the new continent (for we have seen it in the old) is at the extremity of Africa, has, however, given an uncommon appearance to its internal parts; and Mr. Volney, has surveyed the interior of this country with the eye of a philosopher and mineralogist...
We have formerly remarked the very high situation of the country which contains the Canadian lakes; and may now add, that, between Lake Erie, and the Ohio, is a kind of table land, which does not slope, or at least falls almost imperceptibly.
1. The Ohio in it's annual inundations, even before it issues from it's bed to cover the first banquette, or before it is swollen to the depth of fifty feet, keeps back the water of the Great Miami as far as Greenville, which is twenty two miles up the country to the north...
2. In the vernal inundations the north branch of the Great Miami forms but one with the south branch of the Miami of Lake Erie, called St. Mary's river; the carrying place of three miles, which separates their heads, being covered with water, so that you can go in a boat from Loromie's Store to Girty's Town, that is from a branch of the Ohio to one of a river that runs into Lake Erie, as I myself saw on the spot in 1796.
3. At this same place of Loromie's Store commences an eastern branch of the Wabash, which might be united with both the above rivers by a simple ditch; and above Fort Wayne this same Wabash in the flood season always forms a communication, by means of one of it's northern branches, with the Miami of Lake Erie.
4. During the winter of 1799 a mercantile house, from which I received the information, dispatched two canoes from Fort Detroit on the St. Lawrence, which passed immediately, without carrying, from the river Huron, running into Lake Erie, to Grand River, which runs into Lake Michigan, by the waters at the head of each of these rivers overflowing.
5. The Muskungum, which runs into the Ohio, also communicates by means of it's sources, and of small lakes, with the waters of the river Cayuga, which flows into Lake Erie.
Beds of coal, found in the situation of these supposed lakes, support, in our author's opinion, his system; since he thinks coal to be mineralized vegetable matter, and admits not by every philosopher, though highly probable.
The following chapter is on that singular phenomenon, the falls of Niagara, a most stupendous cataract, rushing over a ledge of rocks 270 feet above the lower ground, and 1500 feet wide. This phenomenon may be easily understood when the height of the country is considered. An unbroken slope must have been rapid; this cataract at once diminishes the difference of the level, rendering the navigation below uninterrupted, and preserving the lakes on their present bases.
TO SPORTSMEN. Will be sold publicly at the Bowling Green, on the 10th day of October next (if not privately disposed of before that time) the following Stalls: BUZZARD—DARE—DEVIL—ARCHDUKE, ESCAPE—by Precipitate out of a filly of Buzzard's—STORM, by Cormorant out of a Darlington mare.
THE subscriber wishes to sell 633 acres of land, lying on James river, opposite to the 7 islands, 65 miles above Richmond, upon which are two good fisheries; for term apply to William Hansford on the premises, or to the subscriber within ten miles of the fame.
indefatigable activity. The oldest inhabitants of the country, as Mr. Weld observes, remember having seen the cataract several paces beyond its present place—an English officer who has been stationed at Fort Erie these thirty years, mentioned to him positive facts, proving that rocks then existing had been undermined and swallowed up—the winter after my visit, that of 1797, the thaw and floods broke off considerable blocks, that checked the passage of the water—and if Europeans since they first saw it, which is more than a century and half ago, had taken accurate notes of the state of the fall, we should by this time have had some idea of that progress, which our reason would lead us to expect, and which a number of local indications attest at every step.
During five days that I spent at the house of Judge Powell, who has a seat 4 miles from the Plato, I had leisure to visit the chasm at a place where there is a kind of large bay in one of it's sides.
Here, as well as at the breach in the Plato, the formation of rock at the surface is calcareous; and we may reasonably presume, that it is the same throughout the whole course of the chasm, since the bed of the cataract is so likewise, and of the kind called primitive or crystallized limestone.
We were struck with this narrative, as we began to perceive a period, when the whole of Lake Erie might be precipitated on Lower Canada; but we think the supposition without foundation.
The Genesee, a river that falls from the high lands on the South into Lake Ontario, has several falls, which, together, equal those of Niagara.
FROM THE LITCHFIELD WITNESS. EXTRACT FROM WAR. A Poem not yet published.
***Such is thy lot, COLUMBIA, happy land! Such may it be, while time and nature stand. PEACE! thee we hail, with gratitude sincere, And blest the hand that waves thine Olive here.
While Eastern tyrants light the blaze of war, And mete out woes, too great for man to bear, His' name unrivall'd on the lists of fame, The just shall honor and the good proclaim.
O'er Europe's outsets whose lessons are but groans, O'er Europe's courts, and blood-guiltied thrones, Rising, with nobler views his genius towers, The rights of Man concentrating all his powers.
From that old school of politics and laws, He builds no plans—no precedents he draws— On Nature's equal base his system stands, Light for its guard, and Justice for its bands, He averts no nation's spoils his fame to raise, He courts no vain applause, no empty praise.
Behold the treasur'd land! his wisdom gain'd— No conquest gorr'd it, no battle stain'd— No heaps of dead, no scenes of dire despair— No widow's tears, no wailing orphans there— No slaughter'd thousands gasping on its plains— Nor blazing towns, nor captive flaves in chains— A nobler conquest! fame shall long record, Bought without blood, and gained with a sword!
BURR MILL STONES, OF ALL SIZES; and a PLAISTER OF PARIS, of an excellent quality, FOR SALE, AS USUAL, BY WILLIAM DAVIDSON, near the Market. Dec. 4. [eptf.]
NOTICE. APPREHENSIONS for the health of his family having disabled the subscriber from abiding permanently at Norfolk, he has removed to the city of Richmond, and fixed his office in the house near the Capitol, lately occupied by the Commissioner of Loans.
August 5. WM. WIRT.
VALUABLE LANDS—FOR SALE.
ON the 20th Sept. next, will be offered for sale, on the premises, to the highest bidder, on the following terms: that well known tract of Land, containing 1800 acres, to which are attached the invaluable Chalybeate Springs, commonly known by the name of the Amelia Springs; in point of fertility, the soil is equal to any in the neighbourhood; the buildings new and capacious, the situation agreeable, and uncommonly healthy.
August 19. EXECUTORS. (203. p.)
BY virtue of a Deed of Trust, executed to us on the fourteenth day of February 1804, to secure a debt due from Col. Robert Goode to William B. Giles, Esq. WILL BE SOLD, to the highest bidder for ready money, on the first day of October next, at the front door of the Eagle Tavern, in the city of Richmond.
THAT well known Tract of Land whereon Col. Goods now resides, lying on James River, in the county of Chesterfield, containing twelve hundred and sixty one acres more or less, and commonly called and known by the name of WHITBY.
FOR SALE.
THE Subscriber would dispose of a valuable MILL. (formerly belonging to Col. George Bird, deceased) situate near the upper end of Middlesex county, together with a tract of Land containing by a late survey, one hundred forty-six and a half acres, lying contiguous to, and immediately on the south bank of Rappahannock river, eighteen miles below Tappahannock, eight below Bowler's ferry, and ten only above Urbanna; if not sold previous to Monday the fifteenth day of September (that being the first day of the next district court, to be held at King & Queen court-house) if fair, otherwise the first fair day, it will be sold to the highest bidder (at the time and place before mentioned) and possession given the first of January next, on the following terms, to wit: One half of the purchase money to be paid on the day of sale, the balance in twelve months, secured by lien on the property, to carry interest from the date if not punctually paid.
Robert Bird. Hanover county, August 5. tishSept.
FOR RENT.
THE Tavern & Land, at King & Queen court house, with all the houses thereunto belonging, (except the store house, occupied by myself; and the shop lately used by Doct r Newcomb and Pendleton.) This place is so well known in the neighbouring counties, to be a profitable stand for a Tavern, that to say much by recommendation, would be unnecessary; its being the seat of a county and District Court, and lying on the main road, leading from Gloucester and Mathews counties, to the city of Richmond, gives it a considerable advantage over the Taverns at court houses generally.
August 1. THOMAS GARNETT. (145.)
PRINTED AT THE ENQUIRER PRESS & THIS DAY PUBLISHED.
A CORRECT Edition of "THE RUDIMENTS of the LATIN TONGUE; or, A Plain and Easy Introduction to LATIN GRAMMAR; wherein the principles of the language are methodically digested, both in English and Latin—With useful Notes and Observations, explaining the Terms of Grammar, and farther improving its Rules."
BY THOMAS RUDDIMAN, M. A. August 8, 1805.
A MINISTER is wanted for the Parish of St. George, in the county of Spottsylvania, which lately became vacant by the indisposition and consequent resignation of the Rev. Mr. Wangb, a minister of the Protestant Episcopal Church.
Proposals will be received by the subscribers till the first day of November next, and it is expected the gentleman contracting will enter upon the duties of his office, on the first Sunday in December next, or sooner if convenient. JAMES BROWN, } Church Wm. TAYLOR, } Wardens. Fredericksburg, August 9, 1806.
JAMES WALKER,
WATCH & CLOCK MAKER, a little below the Capitol, and near the Bank, will attend to all commands in the line of his business with which he may be favored.
As it is the peculiar characteristic of all quacks and bunglers in all trades, to praise themselves, put on an air of consequence, promise much, and pretend to a great deal, J. W. will not even touch upon his capabilities, but merely say, that he hopes those who may choose to observe his custom in his way, will have good reason to be satisfied with the performance of his work. He will be completely satisfied when his skill as an artist meets with such encouragement as it ought justly to claim. August 12. coll.