The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1807-01-27 00:00:00

The Enquirer.
PUBLISHED BY THOMAS RITCHIE, OPPOSITE THE POST-OFFICE...AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM... (PAYABLE IN ADVANCE.)
NUMBER 84]
RICHMOND, TUESDAY MORNING, JANUARY 27, 1807.
[VOLUME 3.]
VIRGINIA BANK STOCK.....101.
Richmond Prices Current.
Table with 3 columns: Item, Dols., Cts. Items include Tobacco, Wheat, Flour, Corn, Bacon, Bar Iron, Whiskey.
THE SUBSCRIBERS. HAVE taken the new BRICK TENEMENT fronting the cross Street leading from Col. May's Bridge...
THE FOLLOWING ARTICLES: Old Madeira Wine, Do. Sherry do., Best Cognac Brandy, Do. Antigua Rum, Do. Holland Gin, Hibbert's Brown Stout, Do. Porter, Claret of superior quality...
THE subscriber respectfully informs his friends and the public, that he has commenced carrying on the Blacksmith and Carriage making business...
JUST RECEIVED, A FRESH Assortment of Claret Wines, Champagne, Moussoux by the box, Burgundy, Sautern, Vin de Grave, Latite, Muscat of Frontignac...
LAND FOR SALE. THE subscriber will sell on moderate terms, 370 Acres of LAND, lying in Amherst county, on the waters of James River.
WILL BE SOLD, To the highest bidder, for ready money, on the premises, on the 31st day of January next, by virtue of a Deed of Trust...
A PART of the TRACT of LAND, lying in the North Garden, whereon the said Brown now lives. The sale will take place between the hours of twelve and four o'clock, P. M.
W.H. held to the highest bidder, for cash, at Mr. Thomas A. Morton's Tavern, in Farmville, on Thursday the 29th day of this month...
NEW STORE.
TO BE SOLD CHEAP, OPPOSITE THE EAGLE TAVERN. SIMPSON MORRIS, From London, begs leave to inform the public, that he has just imported from London, a large assortment of Fashionable DRY GOODS...
FOR SALE, THE Tract of LAND whereon I now live, containing by a late survey three hundred and fifty four acres...
THE subscribers have on hand, now for private sale, which they will sell on low terms, for approved endorsed notes, at 90 and 180 days...
PROSSER & MONCURE, Att'rs. N.B. A Light neat Chariot and Harness, on long credit. To be hired a Negro Man, who is a good Cook.
FORTY DOLLARS REWARD. RAN away from the subscriber, living in Caroline County, near the Reedy Mill, on the 19th of July last, two negroes, Prince and Maria.
SAM. NORMENT. Caroline, January 3. (law4wp.) HAS lately received a general and carefully assorted stock of Drugs, Medicines, Paints, Patent Medicines, &c. &c., which he offers for sale...
JAMES STRATTEN, Taylor and Habit Maker, from PHILADELPHIA. HAS lately received a general and carefully assorted stock of Drugs, Medicines, Paints, Patent Medicines, &c. &c., which he offers for sale...
TO BE RENTED—The Tenement where I now reside, and possession given in time. J. PENN. April 11. tf.
TO BE SOLD to the highest bidder on the premises on Tuesday the 10th of February next...
THREE hundred and seventy acres of LAND, lying in the upper part of Mathews County, pleasantly situated on the Piankatank River...
WM. CHAMBERLAYNE, Exe'r. N.B. Any person wishing to view the above, will apply to Mr. Spark, residing on the Land. Dec. 11. 1aw7w.
FOR RENT.
And immediate possession given. A THREE storied HOUSE, smoke-house, garden, &c. on the Basin, occupied the preceding year by Mr. Chancellor H. Saunders.
ARCHELAUS HUGHES. January 10. oawtf. The subscriber will also dispose of a part or the whole of a valuable half acre water LOT on the Basin, No. 409 with six small Tenements thereon...
LOST, A SILVER WATCH of the first quality, capped and Jewelled, with a second hand, the Makers' name Barrand; attached to it, was a Gold Chain and seal...
JOHN ALCOCK, INFORMS the Citizens of Richmond, and the public in general, that he has moved to the City of Richmond, where he has opened a complete assortment of hardware...
LONDON Spring, Pannel and hand-Saws, Cast-Iron Files of every description, Till Locks, brads and iron, Wood Screws of every size...
JOHN ALCOCK, INFORMS his friends and the public, that he still carries on his CABINET MANUFACTORY in all its branches. He has removed his Ware-Room in the front house of William Alt's Esq. and adjoining the Fire Insurance Office...
JOHN ELLIS. January 6. tf. MAY be purchased on a long credit, and low terms, the TENEMENT on which the subscriber lives, situated on Church-Hill, within about one half mile of the Richmond market...
TO HIRE, For the present year. AN excellent House SERVANT, who can be recommended for his honesty, industry and attention to his business.
JOHN TOMPKINS, HAS received an assortment of GOODS Consisting of FLANNELS, Coatings, Blankets, Rote and Duffel Drabs, Flax, Sarcets, Pennant, Cloths, Carpets and Carpeting, Bombazets, Swandown, Patent Cord, Powder and Shot, Dowels, Sheeting, Kerseymeres, Calicoes and Mouselins, &c. &c. which he will dispose of on very liberal terms...
Congress.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
FRIDAY, JAN. 16.
Debate on Mr. Randolph's resolution, continued.
MR. ALSTON believed that no man in the House was more disposed than himself to receive any information from the executive government, that would enable them to take the necessary steps against foreign or domestic enemies.
We have been further told, of the policy of taking a manly attitude against Spain. We had a resolution offered to us, which in my opinion amounted to a declaration of war...
MR. J. CLAY said this was the first time that he had ever heard it stated that newspaper information was proper for legislative action. For this reason we are to wait, it seems, until we get two or three more newspapers from the western country.
MR. ALSTON said that all he had observed in relation to newspaper information was in reply to what had been laid on this point by government on the other side. MR. J. CLAY resumed his remarks; but after uttering a few words, declared himself too unwell to proceed, and sat down.
MR. BURWELL said, on attending to the resolution, he thought it one that was highly expedient to be adopted at this time. He viewed it as a call upon the executive for true and precise information of acts and measures on which the peace of the union, perhaps, depended.
MR. MASTERS, Mr. Speaker, from the best information I have been able to obtain, the conspiracy is yet progressing with increased ardour and zeal. If there was no conspiracy existing, and not a conspirator in the U. S. I believe it high time to pursue more energetic measures for the safety, security and honor of this nation...
When the committee reported the bill to authorize the President to accept of volunteers, I must confess I was astonished, because the report contained no clause for raising regular troops.
MR. SMILIE. We have had such a picture drawn of our situation, that I am willing to go any proper length. But I am surprised to hear such a representation made, as would lead us to believe we were on the eve of a war.
What is the object of this resolution. We find that great alarm exists, particularly on the Atlantic board. We find gentlemen from the westward either ignorant, or pretending to be ignorant of the existence of any thing alarming.

do this, and if he has not done it, we must consider him either incapable of judging what is necessary, or a guilty of something worse.
An allusion has been made to the measures of the last session. It is regretted by the gentleman from Virginia, that his opinions were not adopted; and he thinks he has a right to triumph, because the same measures, which he then recommended, are now found necessary. Suppose the same measures should now be necessary, which he then recommended—which, however, I am far from admitting—are the circumstances of the country the same? It will be recollected that one of the purposes for which that gentleman wished troops to be raised, was to chastise Spain. I was not of opinion that it was then necessary to chastise Spain; and I am still of opinion that it is not necessary to chastise her. Another reason has been assigned by that gentleman for those measures—it seems those measures would have prevented this internal conspiracy. It does not, however, appear, that we knew of the existence of, or foresaw any conspiracy, or had any expectation of such a thing; nor did the gentleman himself apprehend or predict it. If he had entertained such opinions, it would certainly have been kind to have told us so. If then, every thing on this subject was so vague, are we to be told that it was necessary to raise troops to guard against a conspiracy that might happen seven years afterwards? In my opinion we ought not to have raised additional troops the last year, nor ought we to raise them this year, so long as things remain as they are. At all events, I will never give my consent, during a time of peace, to raise additional troops, unless necessary for garrison duty. I believe the militia and volunteers are abundantly sufficient for all exigencies. I will however say this, that if it should be considered necessary, from the extension of our territory, to raise a few additional troops, for garrisoning our posts, I do not know that it will meet with my opposition. But as to raising additional forces, with which to go to war with Spain, I have no idea of it; and as to raising troops to crush any conspiracy that may exist, or be apprehended, I see no necessity for it. It is remarkable, that we should entertain any opinions in favor of such a measure, when the President on whom the great responsibility rests, does not consider it necessary.
Mr. S. repeated his surprise at the alarming picture which had been drawn of our situation, and his opinion that no necessity existed to adopt the resolution at this time. If he believed the President inadequate to the performance of his duty, he might be the more ready to accede to it; but, believing him fully competent, he should vote against it.
Mr. HOLLAND. This appears to me to be a very improper course. The President is required to tell us what measures he has taken, and what measures he hereafter intends to take, to suppress this conspiracy. This seems to me extremely exceptional, and may go to defeat the very end intended to be answered by obtaining the information desired. Where is there any necessity at all for this measure at this time? Is it not the duty of the President to give us such information at all times as the exigencies of the country require? And have we not reason to repose confidence in the executive? If we have, this resolution is altogether useless. We have been told by the gentleman from Virginia, that if the measures recommended at the last session had been adopted, he thinks it would have been much better for the country, and that all kind of danger would have been prevented. But I do not see that a regular establishment, which the gentleman from Virginia possesses, nor have I any apprehension for the peace and safety of the country. I have reason to believe that there are some desperate characters engaged in disturbing the peace of society; but I confide in the integrity of the people; and I believe the strength of the militia will always be found competent to the exigency. If I have any fears, they do not arise from this quarter; they do not arise from the want of a regular establishment. The larger that establishment the greater my fears. If any fears are to be entertained, in my opinion they ought to be fears of the disaffection of the army. I hope however, that we have no grounds for fears at present on this head. But if there should be any such disaffection, I believe the energy of the people would be sufficient to resist it, would be sufficient to resist any danger from within or from without. Thinking differently from the gentleman from Virginia, and that the safety of the country does not consist in the extent of our military establishment, I am for taking different measures. I am against extending the army, but in favor of organizing the militia, in such a way as to render it efficient. I am, however, hostile to the adoption of this proposition. The gentleman from Virginia, (Mr. Burwell) has remarked that the time has come, when we may safely adopt the proposition. That gentleman may have information which we do not possess, that may induce him to form this opinion. But from the information I possess, I think differently. I believe the President will communicate to us all the information that is necessary and proper for us to possess, and his not having communicated it to this instance, is conclusive evidence to my mind of the impropriety of asking it.
Mr. FINDLEY considered the resolution as of some importance and worthy of consideration before it was adopted. He therefore moved its postponement till Monday.
Mr. BURWELL said he had a single remark to make, in reply to the gentleman from North Carolina, who had intimated that he might be acquainted with some circumstances not in possession of the House. He begged leave to inform him, and the other members of the House, that he was acquainted with no circumstances other than those which he had obtained through the newspapers or from official communications.
Domestic.
MESSAGE From the President of the United States, transmitting information touching an illegal combination of private individuals against the peace and safety of the union, and a military expedition planned by them against the territories of a power in amity with the United States; with the measures pursued for suppressing the same; in pursuance of a resolution of the House of the sixteenth instant.
Referred to Mr. John Randolph, Mr. Boyle, Mr. Jeremiah Morrow, Mr. G. W. Campbell, Mr. R. Nelson, Mr. Clinton, and Mr. Bidwell.
January 22, 1807. To the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States.
Agreeably to the request of the House of Representatives, communicated in their resolution
of the sixteenth instant, I proceed to state, under the reserve therein expressed, information received touching an illegal combination of private individuals against the peace and safety of the union, and a military expedition planned by them against the territories of a power in amity with the United States, with the measures I have pursued for suppressing the same. I had, for some time, been in the constant expectation of receiving such further information as would have enabled me to lay before the legislature the termination, as well as the beginning, and progress of this scene of depravity, so far as it has been acted on the Ohio and its waters. From this the state of safety of the lower country might have been estimated on probable grounds; and the delay was indulged the rather, because no circumstance had yet made it necessary to call in the aid of the legislative functions. Information, now recently communicated, has brought us nearly to the period contemplated. The mass of what I have received, in the course of these transactions, is voluminous: but little has been given under the sanction of an oath, so far as to constitute formal and legal evidence. It is chiefly in the form of letters, often containing such a mixture of rumors, conjectures and suspicions, as renders it difficult to sift out the real facts, and inadvisable to hazard more than general outlines, strengthened by concurrent information, or the particular credibility of the relator. In this state of the evidence, delivered sometimes too under the restriction of private confidence, neither safety nor justice will permit the exposing names, except that of the principal actor, whose guilt is placed beyond question.
Some time in the latter part of September, I received intimations that designs were in agitation in the western country, unlawful, and unfriendly to the peace of the union; and that the prime mover in these was Aaron Burr, heretofore distinguished by the favor of his country. The grounds of these intimations being inconclusive, the objects uncertain, and the fidelity of that country known to be firm, the only measure taken was to urge the informants to use their best endeavors to get further insight into the designs and proceedings of the suspected persons, and to communicate them to me.
It was not till the latter part of October, that the objects of the conspiracy began to be perceived; but still so blended, and involved in mystery, that nothing distinct could be singled out for pursuit. In this state of uncertainty, as to the crime contemplated, the acts done, and the legal course to be pursued, I thought it best to send to the scene, where these things were principally in transaction, a person in whose integrity, understanding and discretion, entire confidence could be reposed, with instructions to investigate the plots going on, to enter into conference (for which he had sufficient credentials) with the governors and all other officers, civil and military, and, with their aid, to do on the spot whatever should be necessary to discover the designs of the conspirators, arrest their means, bring their persons to punishment, and to call out the force of the country to suppress any unlawful enterprise, in which it should be found they were engaged. By this time it was known that many boats were under preparation, stores of provisions collecting, and an unusual number of suspicious characters in motion on the Ohio, and its waters. Besides dispatching the confidential agent to that quarter, orders were at the same time sent to the governors of the Orleans and Mississippi territories, and to the commanders of the land and naval forces there, to be on their guard against surprise, and in constant readiness to resist any enterprise which might be attempted on the vessels, posts, or other objects under their care; and on the eighth of November, instructions were forwarded to general Wilkinson, to hasten an accommodation with the Spanish commandant on the Sabine, and as soon as that was effected, to fall back with his principal force to the higher bank of the Mississippi, for the defence of the interesting points on that river. By a letter received from that officer on the twenty-fifth of November, but dated October twenty-first, we learnt that a confidential agent of Aaron Burr, had been deputed to him, with communications, partly written in cypher, and partly oral, explaining his designs, exaggerating his resources, and making such offers of emolument and command to engage him and the army in his unlawful enterprises as he had flattered himself would be successful. The general, with the honor of a soldier, and fidelity of a good citizen, immediately dispatched a truly officer to me, with information of what had passed, proceeded to establish such an understanding with the Spanish commandant on the Sabine, as permitted him to withdraw his force across the Mississippi, and to enter on measures for opposing the projected enterprise.
The general's letter, which came to hand on the twenty-fifth of November, as has been mentioned, & some other information received a few days earlier, when brought together, developed Burr's general designs, different parts of which only had been revealed to different informants. It appeared that he contemplated two distinct objects which might be carried on either jointly or separately, and either the one or the other first, as circumstances should direct. One of these was the severance of the union of these states by the Alleghany mountains; the other an attack on Mexico. A third object was provided, merely ostensible, to wit, the settlement of a pretended purchase of a tract of country on the Washita, claimed by a baron Bastrop. This was to serve as the pretext for all his preparations, an allure for such followers as really wished to acquire settlements in that country, and a cover under which to retreat in the event of a final discomfiture of both branches of his real design.
He found at once that the attachment of the western country to the present union, was not to be shaken; that its disaffection could not be effected with the consent of its inhabitants, and that his resources were inadequate, as yet, to effect it by force. He took his course then at once, determined to seize on New-Orleans, plunder the bank there, possess himself of the military and naval stores, and proceed on his expedition to Mexico; and to this object all his means and preparations were now directed. He collected from all the quarters where himself or his agents possessed influence, all the ardent, restless, desperate, and disaffected persons who were ready for any enterprise analogous to their characters. He seduced good and well meaning citizens, some by assurances that he possessed the confidence of the government, and was acting under its secret patronage; a pretence which procured some credit from the state of our differences with Spain; and others by offers of land in Bastrop's claim on the Washita.
This was the state of my information of his proceedings, about the last of Nov. at which time, therefore, it was first possible to take specific measures to meet them. The proclamation of November twenty-seventh, two days after the receipt of general Wilkinson's information, was now issued. Orders were dispatched to every interesting point on the Ohio and Mississippi, from Pittsburgh to New-Orleans, for the employment of such force, either of the regulars or of the militia, and of such proceedings also of the civil authorities, as might enable
them to seize on all boats and stores provided for the enterprise, to arrest the persons concerned, and to suppress effectually the further progress of the enterprise. A little before the receipt of these orders in the state of Ohio, our confidential agent, who had been diligently employed in investigating the conspiracy, had acquired sufficient information to open himself to the governor of that state, and to apply for the immediate exertion of the authority and power of the state, to crush the combination. Governor Tiffin and the legislature, with a promptitude, an energy, and patriotic zeal, which entitled them to a distinguished place in the affection of their fellow states, effected the seizure of all the boats, provisions, and other preparations within their reach; and thus gave a first blow, materially disabling the enterprise in its outset.
In Kentucky a premature attempt to bring Burr to justice, without sufficient evidence for his conviction, had produced a popular impression in his favor, and a general disbelief of his guilt. This gave him an unfortunate opportunity of hastening his equipments. The arrival of the proclamation and orders, and the application and information of our confidential agent, at length awakened the authorities of that state to the truth, and then produced the same promptitude and energy of which the neighboring state had set the example. Under an act of their legislature of Dec. twenty-third, militia was instantly ordered to different important points, and measures taken for doing whatever could yet be done. Some boats (accounts vary from five to double or treble that number) and persons (differently estimated from one to three hundred) had in the mean time passed the falls of Ohio, to rendezvous at the mouth of Cumberland, with others expected down that river.
Not apprized, till very late, that any boats were building on Cumberland, the effect of the proclamation had been trusted to for some time in the state of Tennessee; but on the nineteenth of Dec. similar communications and instructions, with those to the neighboring states, were dispatched by express, to the governor, and a general officer of the western division of the state; and on the twenty-third of Dec. our confidential agent left Frankfort for Nashville, to put into activity, the means of that state also. But by information received yesterday, I learn that on the twenty-second of Dec. Mr. Burr descended the Cumberland, with two boats merely of accommodation, carrying from that state no quota towards his unlawful enterprise. Whether after the arrival of the proclamation, of the orders, or of our agent, any exertion which could be made by that state, or the orders of the governor of Kentucky for calling out the militia at the mouth of Cumberland, would be in time to arrest these boats, and those from the falls of Ohio, is still doubtful.
On the whole, the fugitives from the Ohio, with their associates from Cumberland, or any other place in that quarter, cannot threaten serious danger to the city of New-Orleans.
By the same express of December nineteenth, orders were sent to the governors of Orleans and Mississippi, supplementary to those which had been given on the twenty-fifth of November, to hold the militia of their territories in readiness to co-operate with their defence with the regular troops and armed vessels then under command of general Wilkinson. Great alarm indeed was excited at New-Orleans, by the exaggerated accounts of Mr. Burr, disseminated through his emissaries, of the armies and navies he was to assemble there. General Wilkinson had arrived there himself on the twenty-fourth of November, and had immediately put into action the resources of the place, for the purpose of its defence; and on the tenth of December, he was joined by his troops from the Sabine. Great zeal was shown by the inhabitants generally; the merchants of the place readily agreeing to the most laudable exertions and sacrifices for manning the armed vessels with their seamen; and the other citizens manifesting unequivocal fidelity to the union, and a spirit of determined resistance to their expected assailants.
Surmises have been hazarded that this enterprise is to receive aid from certain foreign powers. But these surmises are without proof or probability. The wisdom of the measures sanctioned by Congress at its last session, has placed us in the paths of peace and justice, with the only powers with whom we had any differences; and nothing has happened since which makes it either their interest or ours to pursue another course. No change of measures has taken place on our part: none ought to take place at this time. With the one, friendly arrangement was then proposed, and the law, deemed necessary on failure of that, was suspended to give time for a fair trial of the issue. With the same power friendly arrangement is now proceeding, under good expectations, and the same law, deemed necessary on failure of that, is still suspended to give time for a fair trial of the issue. With the other, negotiation was in like manner then preferred, and provisional measures only taken to meet the event of rupture. With the same power, negotiation is still preferred, and provisional measures only are necessary to meet the event of rupture. While therefore we do no defect in the slightest degree from the course we then assumed, and are still pursuing, with mutual consent, to restore a good understanding, we are not to impute to them practices as irreconcilable to interest as to good faith, and changing necessarily the relations of peace and justice between us to those of war. These surmises are therefore to be imputed to the vauntings of the author of this enterprise to multiply his partizans by magnifying the belief of his prospects and support.
By letters from gen. Wilkinson, of the fourteenth and eighteenth of December, which came to hand two days after the date of the resolution of the House of Representatives, that is to say, on the morning of the eighteenth instant, I received the important affidavit, a copy of which I now communicate, with extracts of so much of the letters as comes within the scope of the resolution. By these it will be seen that of three of the principal emissaries of Mr. Burr, whom the general had caused to be apprehended, one had been liberated, by habeas corpus, and two others, being those particularly employed in the endeavor to corrupt the general and army of the United States, have been embarked by him for ports in the atlantic states, probably on the consideration that an impartial trial could not be expected, during the present agitations of New-Orleans, and that that city was not as yet a safe place of confinement. As soon as these persons shall arrive, they will be delivered to the custody of the law, and left to such course of trial both as to place and process, as its functions may direct. The presence of the highest judicial authorities, to be assembled at this place within a few days, the means of pursuing a founder course of proceedings here than elsewhere, and the aid of the executive means, should the judges have occasion to use them, render it equally desirable, for the criminal as for the public, that, being already removed from the place where they were apprehended, the first regular arrest should take place here, and the course of proceedings receive here its proper direction.
January 22, 1807. TH: JEFFERSON.
Extract of a letter from gen. Wilkinson, dated N. Orleans, December 14, 1806.
After several consultations with the governor and judges, touching the arrest and confinement of certain known agents and emissaries of colonel Burr, in this city and territory, whose intrigues and machinations were to be apprehended, it is with their privity and approbation that I have caused three of them to be arrested, viz. doctor Erick Bollman, Samuel Swartwout and Peter V. Ogden, against whom I possess strong facts, and I have recommended to the governor to have James Alexander, esq. taken up on the grounds of strong suspicion. These persons and all others who, by their character and deportment, may be considered hostile to the interests of the United States, or dangerous to this feeble frontier under the menacing aspect of things from above, will, if my influence can prevail, be seized and sent by sea to the United States, subject to the disposition of the government, and accompanied by such information as may justify their confinement, and furnish a clue to the development of the treasonable enterprise in which they are engaged.
This letter will accompany doctor Bollman, who is to be this day embarked in a vessel bound for Charleston, under the charge of lieutenant Wilson of the artillery, who has orders to land with his prisoner at fort Johnston or fort Moultrie, to forward this dispatch by mail, and to wait the orders of the executive. Mr. Swartwout will be sent to Baltimore by a vessel which will sail some time in the ensuing week, in custody of another subaltern, who will be the bearer of strong testimony against him and also colonel Burr, and the others will follow under due precautions, by the earliest opportunities which may present.
I deem it essential to keep these prisoners apart to prevent the adjustment of correspondent answers, or confessions to any examination which may ensue, and I hope the measures of the executive may be so prompt and efficient as to relieve the officers in charge of them from their trust before the interposition of the friends of the prisoners may effect their liberation.
By this procedure we may intimidate the confederates, who are unquestionably numerous in this as well as the adjacent territory, discover their arrangements and possibly destroy their intrigues; and I hope the zeal which directs the measure may be justified and approved, for whilst the glow of patriotism animates my conduct, and I am willing to offer myself a martyr to the constitution of my country, I should indeed be most grievously disappointed did I incur its censure.
Here, sir, we find the key to the western states, and here we must form one grand depot, and place of arms; combine to this disposition a river fleet competent to its occasion, and post it thirty or forty leagues above the Yazoo river, and we may repose in security, for the discontent and sufferings of our insurgent citizens which must immediately ensue, will soon open their eyes to the wickedness of their leaders, and work a radical reformation without bloodshed. This is my plan for resisting an internal attack for external defence gunboats and bomb ketches, with floating batteries at the mouths of the Mississippi, and the passes from lake Pocharchain, will be necessary.
Extract of a letter from gen. James Wilkinson, dated New-Orleans, December, 19, 1806.
SIR, Since my left of the 14th instant, writs of habeas corpus have been issued for the bodies of Bollman, Swartwout, and Ogden; the two latter by judge Workman, who is strongly suspected for being connected with Burr in his conspiracy, as I have proof this man declared some time since that "the republican who possessed power, and did not employ it to establish a despotism, was a fool."
His writ for Ogden was served on captain Shaw, of the navy, who had him in charge at my request, on board the Etna, bomb ketch, and delivered him up; and Mr. Workman discharged him without giving me a word of information, although he knew he was confined by my order for a treasonable combination with Burr, and Mr. Ogden now sturts at large. Swartwout I have sent off, and shall so report, holding myself ready for consequences. Bollman was required by the superior court, but I have got rid of that affair also, under the usual liability for damages, in which case I shall look to our country for protection.
I, James Wilkinson, brigadier, general and commander in chief of the army of the United States, to warrant the arrest of Doctor Erick Bollman, on a charge of treason, misprision of treason, or such other offence against the government and laws of the United States, as the following facts may legally charge him with, on my honor as a soldier, and on the holy evangelists of Almighty God, do declare and swear, that on the sixth day of November last, when in command at Natchitoches, I received by the hands of a Frenchman, a stranger to me, a letter from Doctor Erick Bollman, of which the following is a correct copy.
"New-Orleans, September 27, 1806. SIR,
"I have the honor to forward to your excellency the enclosed letters, which I was charged to deliver to you by our mutual friend. I shall remain for some time at this place, and should be glad to learn where and when I may have the pleasure of an interview with you. Have the goodness to inform me of it, and please to direct your letter to me, care of
I have the honor to be, With great respect, Sir, Your Excellency's most obedient serv't, (Signed) ERICK BOLLMAN.
Gen. Wilkinson. Covering a communication in cypher from colonel Aaron Burr, of which the following is substantially as fair an interpretation as I have heretofore been able to make, the original of which I hold in my possession: "I (Aaron Burr) have obtained funds and have actually commenced the enterprise. Detachments from different points and under different pretences will rendezvous on the Ohio, 12th November. Every thing internal and external favors views; protection of England is secured. * I am going to Jamaica to arrange with the admiral on that station, and will meet at the Mississippi—England—navy of United States are ready to join, and final orders are given to my friends and followers; it will be an host of choice spirits. Wilkinson shall be second to Burr only; Wilkinson shall dictate the rank and promotion of his officers. Burr will proceed westward 1st August, never to return; with him go his daughter; the husband will follow in October with a corps of worthies; send forth with an intelligent and confidential friend, with whom Burr may confer; he shall return immediately with further interesting details; this is essential to concert and harmony of movement; send a list of all persons known to Wilkinson west of the mountains, who could be useful, with a note delineating their characters."
* Truxton.
By your messenger send me four or five of the commissions of your officers, which you borrow under any pretence you please; they shall be returned faithfully: already are ordered to the contractor given to forward six months provisions to points Wilkinson may name: This shall not be used until the 1st moment, and then under proper injunctions: the project is brought to the point so long desired: Burr guarantees the result with his life and honor, the lives, the honor, and fortunes of hundreds, the best blood of our country; Burr's plan of operations is to move down rapidly from the falls on the fifteenth of November, with the first five hundred or one thousand men, in light boats, now constructing for that purpose; to be at Natchez between the fifth and fifteenth of December, then to meet Wilkinson; then to determine whether it will be expedient in the first instance to seize on or pass by Baton Rouge: on receipt of this send Burr an answer; draw on Burr for all expenses, &c. The people of the country to which we are going are prepared to receive us; their agents now with Burr say, that if we will protect their religion, and will not subject them to a foreign power, that in three weeks all will be settled. The Gods invite to glory and fortune; it remains to be seen, whether we deserve the boon: the bearer of this goes expires to you; he will hand a formed letter of introduction to you from Burr, a copy of which is herewith subjoined; he is a man of inviolable honor and perfect discretion, formed to execute rather than to project; capable of relating facts with fidelity, & incapable of relating them otherwise; he is thoroughly informed of the plans and intention of us and will disclose to you as far as you enquire, and no further: he has included a reverence for your character, and may be embarrassed, in your presence; put him at ease and he will satisfy you: doctor Bollman, equally confidential, better informed on the subject, and more intelligent, will hand this duplicate." 29th July.
NEW ORLEANS, November 25, 1806. "SIR,
"Your letter of the 16th instant, has been duly received; supposing that you will be much engaged this morning, I defer writing on your excellency till you will be pleased to inform me of the time when it will be convenient to you to see me."
I remain, with great respect, Your excellency's most obedient servant, ERICK BOLLMAN.
His excellency General Wilkinson, New Orleans. MARGON, the host between madame Tregaigne, and M. Mautray.
On the 20th of the same month I waited in person on doctor E. Bollman, when he informed me that he had not heard from colonel Burr since his arrival here. That he (the said doctor E. Bollman) had sent dispatches to colonel Burr by a lieutenant Spence, of the navy, and that he had been advised of Spence's arrival at Nashville, in the state of Tennessee, and offered that colonel Burr had proceeded too far to retreat; that he (colonel Burr) had numerous and powerful friends in the United States, who had pledged to support him with their fortunes, and that he must succeed. That he (the said doctor E. Bollman) had written to colonel Burr on the subject of provisions, and that he expected a supply would be sent from New-York, and also from Norfolk, where colonel Burr had strong connections. I did not see or hear from the doctor again until the 5th instant, when I called on him the second time. The mail having arrived the day before, I asked him whether he had received any intelligence from colonel Burr; he informed me that he had been a letter from colonel Burr, of the 20th October, in which he (colonel Burr) gave assurances that he should be at Natchez with 2000 men on the 20th December, instant, where he should wait until he heard from this place; that he would be followed by 4000 men more; and that he (colonel Burr) if he had chosen, could have raised or got 12,000 as early as 6000, but that he did not think that number necessary. Confiding fully in this information, I became indifferent about further disguise. I then told the doctor that I should most certainly oppose colonel Burr if he came this way. He replied that they must come here for equipments and shipping, and observed that he did not know what had passed between colonel Burr and myself, obliged at a sham defence, and waved the subject. From the documents in my possession and the several communications, verbal as well as written, from the said doctor Erick Bollman, on this subject, I feel no hesitation in declaring under the solemn obligation of an oath, that he has committed misprision of treason against the government of the United States. (Signed) JAMES WILKINSON.
Signed and sworn to this 14th day of December, 1806, before me one of the justices of the peace of this country. (Signed) J. CARRICK.
PHILADELPHIA, July 25, 1806. DEAR SIR,
Mr. Swartwout, the brother of colonel S. of New-York, being on his way down the Mississippi, and presuming that he may pass you at some post on the river, has requested of me a letter of introduction which I give with pleasure, as he is a most amiable young man, and highly respectable from his character and connections. I pray you to afford him any friendly offices which his situation may require, and beg you to pardon the trouble which this may give you. With entire respect, Your friend and obedient servant, A. BURN.
His excellency general Wilkinson.
WASHINGTON, Jan. 21.
We have perused a letter from New-Orleans, dated Dec. 13th, which contains the following interesting circumstances. Gen. Wilkinson on appearing before the court, on a writ of Habeas Corpus, issued for the body of Dr. Bollman, made an exposure to this effect, in the presence of a large concourse of people.
"Called to account for an adieu, which I glory, and for which I trust my country will thank me, I shall meet the consequences with the applause of my own breath, which I prize more highly than the bozzans of thousands, or the popularity of the whole world. But when I cast my eyes on the movers of this prosecution—My bosom is rent by a conflict of emotions—forrow for their depravity—charity for their sympathies—surprise at their infatuation, and astonishment at their audacity." I would to God I could here close the proceedings of this day. But my honor, my duty, and the safety of the state forbid me—it is time an universal alarm should go forth to rouse the good citizen to sense of his danger. The deceitful calm must no longer be suffered to impose on us a treacherous security. Nor shall the artifices of the confederates be longer employed to cheat the public judgment. Treachery is in the midst of us—treason stalks abroad—and the friends of Burr and rebellion

on, whilst they ridicule our apprehensions, and scoff at our preparations, with trembling solicitude implore his speedy arrival, to reward them for their apostasy, and to rescue them from the punishments of guilt and the terrors of impending punishment."
After this address Gen. Wilkinson charged Livingston and Alexander with being parties to the conspiracy.
The effect produced at New Orleans by this disclosure is said to have been very striking. Considerable scepticism previously existed of the reality of the plots ascribed to Burr; but after this exposure, a general and even ardent disposition was excited, vigorously to maintain order and support the government.
It is understood that an allusion was here meant to Messrs. Livingston and Alexander.
COMMUNICATION.
The following is a copy of the return made by General Wilkinson to the writ of habeas corpus issued at New Orleans for the body of Doctor Erick Bollman, and in his address to the court on the occasion, the General denounced the two lawyers who had procured the writ as parties in the conspiracy. It appears that young Swartout delivered General Wilkinson the original of the letter, which gave him full and complete information of all Burr's plans, and Doctor Bollman presented the copy—Swartout was seized and is now under guard on his way to Baltimore. Bollman has arrived at Charleston under the care of Lieut. Wilson, of the artillery. Had Congress suspended the habeas corpus act, all the conspirators at New Orleans would have been seized, and many traitors might have been secured in different parts of the Union. Young Ogden, who accompanied Swartout, was seized, but obtained a habeas corpus, and was released. He is now at large.
Messrs. Livingston and Alexander.
The undersigned commanding the army of the United States, takes on himself all responsibility for the arrest of Doctor Erick Bollman, on a charge of misprision of treason, against the government and laws of the United States, and has adopted measures for his safe delivery to the executive of the United States. It was after several consultations with the governor and two of the judges of this territory, that the undersigned has hazarded this step, for the national safety threatened to its base, by a lawless band of traitors associated under A. Burr, whose accomplices are extended from New York to this city. No man can hold in higher reverence, the civil institutions of his country than the undersigned, and it is to maintain and perpetuate the holy attributes of the constitution, against the uplifted hand of violence, that he has interposed the force of arms in a moment of extreme peril, to seize upon Bollman as he will upon all others, without regard to standing or station, against whom satisfactory proofs may arise of a participation in the lawless combination.
JA. WILKINSON.
Head Quarters, Army of the United States, New Orleans, Dec. 17th, 1806.
CHILLICOTHE, (Ohio) Jan. 1. FROM THE JOURNALS OF THE SENATE OF THIS STATE.
MONDAY, DECEMBER, 15. The Speaker laid before the Senate the following written message from his excellency the governor of this State, viz:
To the General Assembly of the state of Ohio. I NOW communicate to the representatives of the people, such operations as have taken place under the act passed this session, to prevent certain acts hostile to the peace and tranquility of the United States, within the jurisdiction of this State, that they may be fully possessed of what has already occurred and is still in train.
Immediately upon receiving the law, after its passage, I dispatched an express to Marietta, with orders to arrest the flotilla on the Muskingum river, & the agents engaged in its preparation, and to make due inquiry after such proof, as would lead to their conviction, as also to prevent any armsmen proceeding, that might be defending the Ohio, if possible. The execution of the operations at Marietta, were entrusted to Judge Meigs and major-general Buell. I also dispatched orders to Cincinnati, to plant one or more pieces of artillery on the bank of the Ohio, to keep parties up the river at proper distances, in order to give notice, in due time, of the approach of all boats, either singly or in numbers, and to call out a sufficient force to be able to meet 300 men, the number expected might probably be with Blannerhasset and Comfort Tyler's flotilla, if they should effect a junction, and left they might attempt to pass in detachments one boat at a time, not to suffer a single boat to pass, without an arrest and examination. The execution of these operations were entrusted to Gen. Gano, Findley and Judge Nimmo. I have also given authority to Jacob Wilson, Esq. of Steubenville, to act as occasion offers for his interposition in that quarter—and it gives me great pleasure to inform you that I have last night, received a communication from Judge Meigs, of Marietta, announcing the complete success of the operations entrusted to him and general Buell, and whose patriotic efforts entitle them both to my warmest thanks.
It is supposed that notice was conveyed to Blannerhasset of the passage of the law, and the preparations making here to carry it into immediate effect; for it appears that in the night of the ninth inst. Comfort Tyler, passed Marietta with a number (not yet ascertained) of flat-bottomed boats, with men armed indiscriminately with muskets, pistols and cutlasses, and anchored at the island, and immediately sent an express after Blannerhasset, who was hurrying on his flotilla; that upon discovering the movement of our militia they fled full speed to the island, which was guarded at night by centinels and lighted lanterns at proper distances, and none suffered to pass to it except by countermand or watch word. Spies were also placed at Marietta, to give notice of the movements there; in the mean time general Buell, by the direction of Judge Meigs, with a detachment of militia, proceeded up the Muskingum river in the night, and arrested ten of the bateaux, as they were defending the river to join Tyler's forces; they were so hurried that four more of the bateaux were not got ready to embark and would also be seized, which is, I believe, the whole of the Muskingum flotilla. There were near 100 barrels of provisions seized on board, & one hundred more which had not been put on board, and which I expect is also seized with the same remaining bateaux; these bateaux are each 40 feet long; wide and covered; and calculated each to carry one company of men. It is supposed notice was immediately given to the island of this seizure, for in about three hours afterwards, on the same night, Blannerhasset and Tyler made their escape from the island and have pushed, it is said, thro' Kentucky. Col. Phelps, of Virginia, with a few mounted men, are in pursuit of them.
I expect Tyler's boats will defend the Ohio, to meet him and Blannerhasset at some point low down on that river, and I have no doubt but that general Gano will render a good account of them as they attempt to pass Cincinnati.
I also received last night a communication from the Secretary of war of the United States, by direction of that government, requiring me without delay, to raise 150 or 200 volunteer militia to be formed in companies, with one field officer, one captain, one subaltern, and 70 men, commissioned officers, privates, and
noncommissioned, to each company, in the pay of the United States, and direct them to march to Marietta, with orders to seize the Muskingum flotilla, and prevent it from being removed until further orders from the President. But finding that this service was in part effected, I have ventured, from the necessity of the case, to vary in some degree from these instructions, and which I hope will meet the approbation of the general government and also yours. I have sent on orders last night at Marietta, to raise one company of volunteers, to be composed of one major, one captain, two subalterns, and 60 men, commissioned officers, privates and musicians, which I have thought sufficient to guard and keep safe the flotilla and stores already arrested—and have also dispatched an express to Cincinnati, with orders to raise two companies as above, each—as I thought the most force wanted there to relieve the militia previously ordered out and to secure Comfort Tyler's flotilla while defending the Ohio, if it was not already done. I have no doubt that these three companies will instantly be under arms, and that this hitherto mysterious enterprise will be completely frustrated, and the intended evil levelled at the peace and tranquility of the United States, will fall with all its weight on its projectors.
EDWARD TIFFIN.
Chillicothe, December 15th, 1806.
COMMUNICATION.
Last night at the hour of nine commenced burning the effigy of Col. Aaron Burr, by the citizens of this town. This proceeding is justified by the ardent emotions of Patriotism felt by the people, and excited from a deep conviction, that the said Burr is a TRAITOR . This conviction is produced from the conduct of Col. Burr himself in these Western states, and even in this town—the proclamation of the President; his message to both houses of Congress, and the Statement of Gen. Eaton. And we have the utmost confidence in assuring our Atlantic brethren, that the idea of a separation is spurned with indignation and horror. That our lives and our property are pledged to support the general government of the United States, as the safeguard to our personal security, and as the only asylum for oppressed humanity.
Nashville, Dec. 31, 1806.
The Editor of the Aurora in his paper of the 16th inst. has undertaken to charge me as being concerned in a conspiracy against the peace and safety of our country and government.
Men of all parties must be sensible of the outrage committed on the character of a citizen, who in the same moment is impeached and condemned before the government without an opportunity of defence, or even notice of the accusation preferred against him. My friends—those who know me, and a just public will expect no other answer to such a charge than a solemn denial of its truth. I declare it to be an infamous falsehood, and if the laws of the country furnish a remedy, I shall certainly appeal to them for redress of the outrage which I have suffered.
DANIEL CLARK.
Delegate from the territory of Orleans to the 10th Congress. Washington, January 19, 1807.
The Enquirer.
RICHMOND, 27th JANUARY.
A GLANCE AT CONGRESS.
In the debate in Congress on Mr. Randolph's resolution, we observe for the first time a pointed appeal to the measures of last winter. That gentleman has once more assumed a ground, which we perfectly disapprove—We principally refer to his assertions the measures of the republican minority.
The famous non-importation law is gone—abandoned, given up."—Is this a candid position? Is the law repealed, because it is suspended? And why is it now suspended? Because it has had the effect, which its advocates predicted; because it has contributed to make Great-Britain more desirous of a complete accommodation, and because from the exhibition of this spirit, we are disposed to grant her the same time for this accommodation, that we originally conceded. "With the one (Great-Britain) friendly arrangement was then proposed, and the law deemed necessary on failure of that, was suspended to give time for a fair trial of the issue. With the same power, friendly arrangement is now proceeding, under good expectations, and the same law deemed necessary on failure of that, is still suspended to give time for a fair trial of the issue." Such is Mr. Jefferson's language in his late communication to Congress; and yet has Mr. R. asserted that the "non-importation law is gone—abandoned, given up."—It is an authenticated fact, that not one of the effects predicted by the minority have come to pass; while the very effect promised by the majority, is in the very act of accomplishment.
As to our relations with Spain, Mr. R. does not go at large into the subject. He speaks of the increase of the public force; "and a bill just passed by the Senate to that effect." As to the other part of this Spanish system; the proposition to purchase the Floridas, he says nothing about it. The advantages of attaining this object; if it does lie within our attainment; are thrown completely behind the curtain.—With respect to the military establishment: will Mr. R. assert that any disadvantages in regard to Spain have accrued to us from rejecting the proposition of the Committee? It was not to have been expected that the Spanish troops would have recrossed the Sabine after the measures of accommodation which Congress adopted last winter. This expectation was one reasonable argument against this proposition. Another was, that had this proposition been adopted, it would perhaps have been one of the very means for producing the evils it was intended to remedy. Had we resolved to increase our military force, Spain would have had a specious pretext for increasing hers. Her troops would have swelled on the Sabine; and mutual hostilities might have been the consequence of a measure which was intended to prevent them. We go here under the most favourable construction of this measure; that these troops were intended to act only on the defensive.
"But the Spaniards have crossed the Sabine." True. And what actual disadvantages have arisen from rejecting the proposition to increase our standing force? The last Congress authorized the President to call out 100,000 militia. This authority he has exercised. He has dispatched troops from the Mississippi and Orleans territories and these troops in conjunction with our standing force have been sufficient to keep the Spaniards at bay, and to fend them beyond the Sabine.
On this subject it is impossible not to be struck with the decided and energetic language of the President, in his late communication to Congress. That illustrious statesman gives full approbation to the measures pursued by the majority of the last Congress. He says: "the wisdom of the measures sanctioned by Congress at its last session has placed us in the paths of peace and justice with the only powers with whom we had any differences; and nothing has happened since, which makes it either their interest or ours to pursue another course. No change of measures has taken place on our
part; none can be taken at this time." He then speaks of Great-Britain in the words: "With the other, negotiation was in like manner then preferred, and provisional measures only taken to meet the event of rupture. With the same power, negotiation is still preferred, and provisional measures only taken to meet the event of rupture."
But "a bill (has gone) from the Senate" for the increase of the "public force." What then? Let it even be admitted that there is no real distinction between "a war and a peace establishment" as Mr. R. has contended; that this very bill is to be adopted by the House of Representatives; and that it is now recommended by policy; will it therefore be true, that the same proposition of the minority was correct during the last winter? The circumstances of our country are not now the same, as they were then: Our policy ought then perhaps to be different. The Spaniards have once more shown a resolution to invade Louisiana, in spite of the negotiations for adjustment, which were making on the other side of the Atlantic. The intrigues of the Baron de Carondelet in 1793 and '97, and the indifference with which Spain can sometimes sacrifice her most solemn contracts to her imaginary interests, were not there exposed to the eyes of our country: The possible and presumed connection of the Spanish court with Burr, the incessant efforts which may be expected from the corrupt courts of Europe to get possession of the mouth of the Mississippi, the key of the western country, and the great matter of the affections of our western brethren; were either unknown, or not fully considered. The traitorous schemes of B. the means of disaffection, or the blow that would be first struck at N. Orleans by domestic conspirators, were left for time to unravel or bring strongly into view. All these circumstances are new to us: they were not distinctly known to the last session of Congress; of course they cannot be now dragged into the justification of a measure, which was then recommended upon much feebler grounds. Policy shifts with circumstances; & an increase of the standing force may be expedient now, though it was not so during the last winter.
But even this reasoning is upon the supposition, that is now expedient to increase the "public force." But there are many, who are of a different opinion. The President supposes, that "provisional measures only" (were &c) "are necessary to meet the event of rupture." Does this sentiment sanction the adoption of any change in our military establishment? General Wilkinson simply recommends to us to "form one grand depository and place of arms" at New Orleans, and to "combine to this disposition a river fleet competent to its occupation, and post it 30 or 40 leagues above the Yazoo river." "This is (his) plan for resisting an internal attack, for external defence, gun-boats and bomb-ketches, with floating batteries at the mouths of the Mississippi and the passes from Lake Ponchartrain, will be necessary."
If this augmentation of the standing force be wanting to resist the Spaniards, will not the proposed enlistment of 80,000 volunteers be a sufficient substitute?
To meet A. Burr or domestic conspirators, has not the civil and military authority already sufficient to crush this Catilinarian conspiracy? And are not all such schemes crushed for years? Mr. Randolph asserts, that Burr's conspiracy is a new proof of the expediency of the measures which he recommended last winter. But what strange sophistry is this! Must Congress provide a remedy for every evil which may arise from a conspiracy? The next mountain, must its trembling inhabitants fly from the possible danger? But the machinations of A. Burr were not even foreseen: they were not thought of. There was not a prophet in the House of Representatives; not even in the boiling minority. What a strange argument is it then, that a larger military force was wanted in the Mississippi, to prevent this danger, when it was not and could not once have been foreseen; and of course could not have furnished any motive for action?
TREASON—The crimes of A. B. have excited an indignation not less general than just. The luminous and energetic message of the President, which appears in this day's paper, must give a new sanction and edge to this patriotic sentiment. But the mind does not pause here. It naturally turns from the criminal to his punishment; and we irresistibly enquire into the possibility of bringing this profligate Cataline to condign punishment. Every man feels disposed to wreath the thunders from the hands of the judges and hurl them for himself. Why are not those thunders forged for this purpose sufficiently pointed; or why should such a traitor in heart (as A. Burr) fail to be a traitor in the eye of the law?
The law of the U. S. has established three cases of unauthorised war.
1. Treason against the U. S. states.
2. A military expedition set on foot within the territory or jurisdiction of the U. S. against the dominions of a foreign state with whom we are at peace.
3. The fitting out or arming any private ship or vessel of war without the limits of the U. S. with an intent to commit hostilities upon the subjects, citizens or property of a foreign state or of the U. S.
If a citizen commit the last crime, he is declared guilty of a high misdemeanor, and is punishable by a fine not exceeding 30,000 dollars; and imprisonment not exceeding three years.—The case of A. B. does not probably come within the last description.
The definition of the 2d case, is laid down in the act of June 5, 1794, in the following words: "SECT. 5. If any person shall within the territory or jurisdiction of the U. S. begin or set on foot, or provide or prepare the means for any military expedition or enterprise to be carried on from thence against the territory or dominions of any foreign prince or state with whom the U. S. are at peace, every such person so offending, shall, upon conviction, be adjudged guilty of a high misdemeanor, and shall suffer fine and imprisonment at the discretion of the court in which the conviction shall be had, so as that such fine shall not exceed three thousand dollars, nor the term of imprisonment be more than three years."
The definition of the first case; that is, of "treason against the United States;" is to be found in the constitution itself in the following words:
"SECT. 3. Treason against the U. S. shall consist only in levying war against them, or in adhering to their enemies, giving them aid and comfort. No person shall be convicted of treason, unless on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act, or on confession in open court."
The Congress shall have power to declare the punishment of treason, but no attainder of treason shall work corruption of blood, or forfeiture, except during the life of the person attainted."
The law therefore had no authority to change the nature of treason. Its power ex-
tended no further, than to regulate the details of the process necessary in trials of this sort and to declare "the punishment of treason." Hence congress in the act of April 30, 1790, which provides for the case of treason, has scrupulously adopted the very words and definition of the constitution. The two first sections of that act are in the following terms:
"SECT. 1. If any person or persons, owing allegiance to the United States of America, shall levy war against them, or shall adhere to their enemies, giving them aid and comfort within the United States or elsewhere, and shall be thereof convicted, on confession in open court, or on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act of the treason whereof he or they shall stand indicted, such person or persons shall be adjudged guilty of treason against the United States, and shall suffer death."
"SECT. 2. If any person or persons, having knowledge of the commission of any of the treasons aforesaid, shall conceal and not as soon as may be disclose and make known the same to the president of the U. S., or to one of the judges thereof, or to the president or governor of a particular state, or some one of the judges or justices thereof, such person or persons on conviction shall be adjudged guilty of misprision of treason, and shall be imprisoned not exceeding seven years, and fined not exceeding one thousand dollars."
It is necessary to observe the very singular imperfection of our laws as relative to these two last cases. While the act of 1794 anticipates and provides for the case of a military expedition begun and set on foot within our territory and jurisdiction; whilst it places in the hands of the President the necessary powers, to crush it in its germ, and it affixes a punishment to any preparation for such an enterprise; the law of treason makes no such provision. It neither authorises the President to arrest the crime of Treason before it breaks out into overt acts; nor does it punish the malignant and premeditated crime. It is only when the Participle does "levy war against" the U. S. and is convicted "on confession in open court, or on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act of the treason" whereof he shall stand indicted that the lightning of the existing law, can blast him and his crimes.
The consequence was that there was no law of congress under which the President could apprehend the Muskogum or the Cumberland flotilla; and hence his appeal to the state authorities; hence his deputation of Mr. G. to the Legislatures of Ohio, Kentucky, and Tennessee.
A more melancholy consequence will be, that Aaron Burr will most probably escape with impunity from the charge of treason, unless he has been guilty of some overt act in the perpetration of his crimes.
But it appears from the official communications of the President that treason against the U. S. was not the only crime, with which A. Burr stands charged. "It appeared that he contemplated two distinct objects which might be carried on either jointly or separately, and either the one or the other as circumstances should direct. One of these was the severance of the union of these states, by the Alleghany mountains, the other an attack on Mexico." The first however he quickly abandoned; and confined his ambition to the last. "He took his course then at once, determined to seize on New Orleans, plunder the bank there, possess himself of the naval and military stores, and proceed on his expedition to Mexico, and to this object all his means and preparations were now directed."
Here is the point to which our courts must principally confine their investigation, for this is the crime on which A. B. may possibly be condemned. It needs no overt act to detect him: The mere setting on foot and fitting out menials to the law. The punishment is not so sure as great as in the crime of treason. It is not death; but it is a fine which may be raised to 10,000 dollars, and a confinement, which may be extended to ten years. The only doubt is, whether A. Burr has not availed himself of his experience of the law and of the world, to place himself beyond the reach of legal evidence.
The law which is at present before Congress, is intended to remedy these palpable imperfections in our criminal code.—Such is the rapid view we have taken of the laws on this subject.
Aaron Burr is said to have invited Gen. Wilkinson into his plan by the dazzling inducements of 50,000 dollars, a year, and his son's succeeding to the throne of Mexico on the death of Burr. But fortunately for his country! the mind of Gen. Wilkinson was proof against these temptations.
In the debate in Congress on Mr. Randolph's resolution we observe for the first time a pointed appeal to the Measures of last winter. That gentleman has once more assumed a ground, which we perfectly disapprove.—We principally open to his assertions on the measures of the Republican minority.
Extract of a letter from a member of Congress, dated Washington, Jan. 23, 1807.
"Last night Swartout and Bollman arrived under separate guards—they are still kept studiously apart, and to-day an application by the executive has been made to the circuit court for a warrant to have them committed by the civil power. The court have not decided."
"We learnt to day that Alexander, a Lawyer, is on his way from Orleans to this place in arrest by Gen. Wilkinson."
FOR THE ENQUIRER.
The following verses are strung to the Harp of one of the Poets of Peterburg.
Tune—Grace Nugent—Cavalcade.
MARY SMILING THROUGH A TEAR.
The dew drop on the budding rose Is the tear trembling in thine eye; The ray serene with which it glows Is the smile glistening in thine eye. Now with the zephyr breath of love, Oh let me brush the drop away; No, rather let it trembling rove, Or glisten in thy eye's pure ray. The costly pledge of Mary's love, That gem is far more dear to me, Than all the drops that deck the grove; Than every pearl beneath the sea. The sigh! that speaks thy sweet alarms; What is it? all Arabia's gale; Oh let me press thee in my arms, And all thy balmy sweets inhale. The sigh that heaves thy breast of snow, It parts the tear into mine eye, Our tears thus ever, ever flow, Thus only may we ever sigh. Then all our days one round shall be, Of laughing tears, of happy sighs, And we continue still to see, Our blisses in each other's eyes.
FOR SALE.
A TENEMENT, being part of Lot No. 196 adjoining Mrs. Sarah Lester's at Rocketts; lately occupied by captain Benjamin Colver; whereon is a commodious Dwelling House, in good repair. For terms, apply to Mr. Richard Young, near the premises, or to the subscriber at Baltimore.
STEPHEN COLVER. January 26.
Last Evening's Mail.
GEORGE-TOWN, (C.) January 24.
On Thursday evening arrived in Washington, from Bollman and Mr. Swartout, who were taken into custody by General Wilkinson, at Orleans, on suspicion of being concerned in Burr's conspiracy, and were by the general forwarded to the seat of government for examination. They are now in safe keeping at the marine barracks, in separate rooms, and are not, we are told, permitted to converse together except in the presence of an officer. We further learn, that yesterday, in the circuit court for the district of Columbia, in the district attorney, Mr. Jones, moved that a warrant should issue against those two gentlemen, that they might be brought before the civil authority, as he was anxious that the prisoners should not continue an hour under illegal arrest. The court took the motion under advisement, and will, it is believed, decide upon it this day.
Since the above was in type, we learn that Mr. Caldwell moved the court this day for a writ of Habeas Corpus. Mr. Dorsey supported the motion, and Mr. Jones, the district attorney, opposed it. The court decided against the motion at present, for want of proof and affidavits of imprisonment, and orders for commitment. W. F. Ed.
Just as this paper was going to press, we received the following. That the court, before they adjourned, upon the affidavit of Mr. Caldwell, allowed a writ of habeas corpus to issue for Mr. Swartout, returnable on Monday at one o'clock. Dr. Bollman was at this time at the President's making important communications, or it is probable he would have been included in the writ. Ib.
BALTIMORE, Jan. 23.
From a person who came in the Lavater, arrived at Annapolis from New Orleans, we understand that a proclamation had been issued at that place by the constituted authorities, offering a reward for the apprehension of Colonel Burr, or the communication of any intelligence relative to the conspiracy—the attack was expected to be made on New Orleans by Burr and his adherents on the 20th of this month, instead of the 20th of December, as stated by an arrival at Charleston, and published a few days since. American.
One of our letters from Washington mentions that on Friday the 16th instant Cæsar A. Rodney was nominated to the senate as attorney general of the United States. U. S. Gaz.
The legislature of the state of Kentucky, closed their session on Saturday the 27th of Dec. having passed 91 laws—among them is an act to prevent unlawful warlike enterprises, also an act to establish a state bank.
Frankfort, Kentucky, Dec. 25.
A detachment of militia under the command of general Winlock, has been posted at Louisville, opposite the falls of the Ohio, with orders to examine all boats passing that place.
Detachments have also been posted at the mouth of Trade water, and at the mouth of Cumberland. A number of boats, supposed to belong to col. Burr, have passed Louisville within the last 5 or 6 days, loaded with arms, ammunition and provisions.
It is expected, says the Western World, that a number of recruits will go from the state of Tennessee, as col. Burr is said to have more influential friends in that state than in any part of the Western Country, Louisiana excepted.
[From a Jamaica Paper of December 6.]
By a capt. Nelson, arrived at New-York from the Havanna, it appears that a Spanish packet had anchored at Trinidad in Cuba, bringing accounts that East and West Florida had been ceded by Spain to France, and afterwards by France to the United States; also, that the island of Cuba had been ceded by Spain to France on Bonaparte agreeing to reinstate the king of Naples on his throne.
We understand, that in consequence of the cession of Cuba to France, as mentioned in the above paragraph, the Governor of the Havanna, has made a proposal to the Governor of this island [which has been communicated here by the way of New-Providence,] to deliver up the British, immediately, on a sufficient force being sent for the purpose, the island of Cuba, and all Spanish and French vessels of every description, lying in the different ports, bays, etc. of that Colony. Disbelieved!
We understand by recent accounts from Caracas, that among the French troops, lately landed there from the Imperial brig Auferlitz and a fch'tr, are 250 Cannoniers and four French General Officers; and that the Government were thrown into considerable greater consternation from this unexpected reinforcement than they were at the coming of Miranda, conceiving it was the first step of the French Government to gain possession of that country.
NEGROES—FOR SALE.
By virtue of a Deed of Trust executed to me by Richard Ferguson, to secure the payment of £ 179 12 3 to Arthur Clayton, with interest thereon, from the 17th of February, 1806, till payment, together with all legal expenses attending said trust, WILL be sold to the highest bidder for ready money on Tuesday the 24th of February next at Louisa court-house, three NEGROES, the property of said Richard Ferguson, consisting of two men and a boy. All persons inclined to purchase, are requested to attend. Louisa, Jan. 27. Wm. WHITE, Trustee. epim.
NOTICE.
Will be sold to the highest bidder on the 12th February, 1807, agreeable to the last will and testament of Col. John Jones.
A TRACT OF LAND adjoining Anderson Tucker, John Townes, Jesse Leith, &c. Amelia County. Containing between three & four hundred acres, and as it is presumed, the purchaser will wish to view it before he purchases; any farther description is deemed unnecessary, terms made known on the day by DAVID C. JONES, Adm'r. Amelia, Jan. 27.
FRANCIS NEALE.
INFORMS the public, that he has taken the TAVERN and its appurtenances at King & Queen Court-house, lately in the occupation of Mr. Garnett, and that he will be constantly supplied with the best liquors, and every kind of accommodation for those who may favor him with their company. To travelling Gentlemen, he pledges himself to furnish the most satisfactory entertainment, upon the most moderate terms, and that nothing shall be wanted, which diligence and an anxiety to please can afford. King & Queen Court-house, January 27. 1 law 4w.
Drawing.
IN ALL ITS VARIETY, EXECUTED AT THE OFFICE OF THE ENQUIRER.

INTRIGUERS & CONSPIRATORS.
In every Government, whether Monarchical, Aristocratical, or Republican, the most dangerous class of men, are those of Intriguers and Conspirators. Were it possible that from the human race, this species could be extirpated, I might exclaim with confidence and truth.
"Why have I strayed from pleasure and repose, To seek a good each government bestows?"
But it unfortunately happens that these destroyers of the peace of mankind, exist equally amidst the wilds and morasses of uncivilized life, as around the thrones of kings and the palaces of the great. The only difference is, that where the liberty of the press and free discussion are not shackled by the hands of tyranny; the intriguer and conspirator will sooner or later, receive the punishment due to his artifice and his crimes.
There cannot be a more forcible example to illustrate the truth of this remark, than the Spanish conspiracy in Kentucky. In that country, which was peopled by democrats, and by democracy in her "virgin purity," in the woods and forests of that country, it lay, and at a period, when each fetter trembled as he marched; when the demon of death was figured to be concealed in every bush, and the imagination of the solitary traveller fancied the Indian tomahawk, at every leaf which fell—At this melancholy and critical period, when it might have been supposed that self preservation, would have urged the necessity of unanimity, of sincerity, and a benevolent disposition, among the inhabitants; there existed a band of conspirators, plotting the death, slavery and destruction, of their fellow citizens. The schemes of this band, it may be seen from the history of the Spanish conspiracy, published in the "Western World," not only been for twenty years buried in the breasts of their partisans and confidants; but, one of the leaders has even dared to pollute the bench of the first court in his county, by the reception of a foreign annuity, granted for the express purpose of aiding that cause. All this, too, was known to the federal attorney of the district of Kentucky; but he, for reasons which will be detailed in a few numbers, chose to conceal the treason. The whole plan was discovered to me by accident. I claim no merit for having brought it before the public; I only performed the duty of every person, who is not at heart a traitor.
Joseph Hamilton Davis the federal attorney, the same gentleman who has made such a conspicuous figure by his very correct affidavit relative to col. Burr, was left by the late col. George Nicholas, as his principal executor. The benevolent hand of Mr. Nicholas (for want of benevolence was none of his faults) had taken Mr. Davis, when a boy, from the obscurity of parentage, and the meanness of poverty. He instructed him in his profession, and confiding in his integrity, he reposed in him the last trust of a husband and a father. The letters and papers of col. Nicholas, gave him the fullest information on the Spanish conspiracy, as well as on other subjects equally important. He denies this, I shall contend him, by several very respectable characters to whom he has confessed it. But a letter which he wrote to Jos. M. Street, a copy of which is in my possession, dated Cornhill, 9th October, 1806, proves his acquaintance with the conspiracy. Judge Innes, for reasons which shall be mentioned afterwards, was a principal object of the hatred of Mr. Davis; for although general Wilkinson was the projector and leader of the conspiracy, yet it will be shown that he, and Mr. Davis, are on the closest terms of intimacy, and co-operate, to and each other, in their respective views. Mr. Davis therefore in his letter to Mr. Street, speaks of Judge Innes in the following words: "Judge Innes has a very diffused confidence, and I am one of the very few who knows it; and he knows I know it—and each night takes the prayer, he believes God to take me off somehow. This man has been at the head of all his developments, tho' in truth, who to tell his vanity and serve him, gave him the apparent command—Keep this—Burn this letter." In another paragraph, Mr. Davis says—"God grant they may imitate you—I'll make their doom friends favour some dreadful things, or avoid them of perjury on the spot."
Mr. Davis was extremely desirous to keep on terms with col. Todd, then one of the judges, now president of the court of appeals, until some cause in which he was engaged were decided. Mark, therefore, the finess he endeavored to practice on this gentleman—"I told Todd, I had spoken to you about the last allusion to him, and he might be satisfied, there was no such allusion intended, neither was he to be charged as an active person in the treason. He told me he felt relieved; and I desired him not to mention it, before he could see you—So far that all the joints knew of the conversation and mark all are down."
What opinion, therefore, can we form of a man, who, as federal attorney for the district of Kentucky, was well acquainted with all the actions of the Spanish conspirators, and yet has preferred a total silence on the subject? When, to this, we add the extraordinary conduct which he pursued in qualifying the prosecution instituted against Flournoy, for writing the "Western American" republished in the 12th number of the Western World; it excites in our mind impressions, perhaps as unfavorable, as those which we entertain against Judge Seabrian. It is true, in his letter to Street, he makes a sort of an apology for his conduct on this occasion; but it is rather laughable than satisfactory; he says "The piece signed Western American was written by a cracked devil, who had no notice but the chaos of ignorance." If Mr. Davis had added, he motives of ambition and revenge, he would have furnished us with a portrait, in the opinion of some, not very dissimilar to himself.
It has been necessary, although perhaps painful, to describe the character of Mr. Davis so far; for, it can be established, that the information upon which the Executive have founded the Proclamation relative to the arrest of Burr's boats, has proceeded entirely from Gen. Wilkinson and Mr. Davis. I should be extremely sorry, to become the advocate of Colonel Burr, or any person who has conducted himself in a mysterious manner—But, of two evils, we might always choose the least. The present occasion demands that we should either give credit to the mysterious story of Aaron Burr, or to the tales of Gen. Wilkinson, a man who was proved, before the Legislature of Kentucky, to have endeavored to separate the Union in favor of Spain, and of Mr. Davis who, as federal attorney for the United States, has concealed in his breast the most detestable treason for several years. The present occasion also requires that we should either endure for a few weeks the painful anxiety attendant on the discovery of a mysterious scheme, or indulge at once the grosser tyranny that over-diffracted the most despotic government. For, I believe, there cannot be produced in the annals of France, an act of chymical power, superior to the late arrestment of six or ten boats on the Ohio, which were said to belong to col. Burr.
public court at Frankfort, on the 5th November, after reading his affidavit. The remarks which he then made were published in the Western World of the 7th of that month, from a manuscript in his own hand writing, which he gave to the editors. The principal paragraph is as follows:
"I could easily prove positively the purchase of supplies of various kinds, but this is no offence—Mr. Burr may purchase supplies—he may import arms—he may engage men, which, I am told, is actually begun—yet, all these things being proved, make no offence; neither can proof of the declaration of his known confidants, of which abundance might be had, attach guilt to him—it is the design, the intent with which he makes these preparations, that constitute his misdemeanor."
The leading information which the Executive had derived respecting the Plan of col. Burr, was from Mr. Davis. This gentleman by his deposition before the Legislature of Kentucky, appeared to have given and to be acquainted with all the information the president possessed. He was summoned before the committee of the Legislature in the case of Judge Seabrian—I had requested one of the members of the committee to call upon Mr. Davis, knowing he was in possession of the papers of col. Nicholas—Part of the evidence which we gave has been published.
The rest was suppressed, as it did not relate immediately to Judge Seabrian; the committee having made a resolution not to record any evidence which did not immediately relate to the object of their enquiry. That part of the evidence to which I allude, is in the following words:
FROM THE KENTUCKY GAZETTE.
Opelousas, in Lower Louisiana. October 26, 1806.
DEAR SIR, As many of our fellow citizens may not have understood the cause, which gave rise to our late arrest, in addition to my former details on this subject, to communicate the subjoined account of the rise and progress of this affair.
Immediately after the cession of Louisiana from the French republic to the United States, it was a matter of primary importance, that the line of demarcation between the Americans and Spaniards should be ascertained and fixed. Accordingly the American executive directed certain ministers, then in Europe, to enter upon a negotiation for that purpose, with the court of Spain, which had ceded the country to France, just prior to its cession to the Americans.
Whilst these negotiations were depending, the president gave notice to the minister of Spain, that the river Sabine, which washes the western border of Louisiana, would be considered by the government, as the line between the two nations, until it should be specifically fixed by treaty. Whether this notification was ever communicated to the government of Mexico, is not certainly known. It is true, however, that our executive gave directions to the commanding officer at Natchitoches, that if the Spaniards attempted to cross the Sabine, they should be immediately driven on the other side of that river. A party of Spaniards did actually pass at some time, after these orders, for the purpose of taking possession of a tract of country which they alleged had never been included in the cession of Louisiana to the Americans, and which virtually belonged to their Catholic majesty. This body of men, by an inferior number of Americans under the command of captain Johnson, of Natchitoches, was compelled to retreat beyond the Sabine. The Spaniards irritated at these measures on the part of the Americans, which they considered as an aggression on their rights, and an actual commencement of hostilities, communicated the affair to the government of Mexico. It is said that the council of that province was immediately assembled, and that an army of 30,000 men was decreed to be raised for the purpose of taking possession of the ground from whence the first party had been repelled by the Americans.
It is certain however, that sometime in the year 1806, the Spaniards began to collect an armament in the country on this side of the Sabine, between that river and the Rio Fonde, and continued to increase it until the fall of 1806. Information of this armament was communicated to the governor of the territory of Orleans, who immediately repaired to Natchitoches. A correspondence, conducted with considerable warmth, but by no means unsatisfactory to the existing state of affairs, was opened between the governor and general Harrara, a field marshal in the Spanish service, and commander in chief of the Spanish armament on the Rio Fonde. The governor asserted the right of the United States to the territory upon which the Spaniards had encamped, remonstrated on the injustice of the Spanish commander in having taken three American citizens, and sent them on prisoners to Natchitoches; and for having protected several negroes who had fled from American citizens within the boundaries of the Spanish dominions. These dispatches were conveyed by col. Hopkins, a young officer of considerable merit, to the Spanish camp. The governor received a verbal message from the Spanish commander, in reply, that he had not been vested with authority to enter into any specific investigation of the principles upon which the dispute of the two nations had been grounded—that he had sent the governor's dispatches on to the captain general of Mexico, and that he held the station where he was then encamped by order of his Catholic majesty, from whence he could not retreat without actual compulsion.
In consequence of this message, conveying the intelligence that the Spaniards were determined to maintain their ground on the Rio Fonde, governor Claiborne thought it expedient to call out a part of the militia of the territory. A draft was accordingly made in the counties of Opelousas and Rapide. That part of the militia of Opelousas composed of Americans, turned out with great readiness; but the French discovered every mark of disaffection to the cause. These people have been impeded on ever since the cession of Louisiana, by Spanish emitters,
who had deluded them with the idea that the country would either be regained to the French or Spanish governments, or wrested from the dominion of the Americans by conquest. When the Spanish armament was formed on the Rio Fonde, they conceived that the period for the accomplishment of this event had arrived; and therefore resolved to remain neutral to avoid the censure of the Spanish government. The militia from Rapide marched on the expedition with considerable promptitude and spirit. They were principally Americans. From Opelousas, a troop of horse composed of volunteers was made up in the course of a few days and were in perfect readiness to receive orders to march. A very handsome corps, elegantly equipped, marched also from the Mississippi territory. The place of rendezvous was at Natchitoches, where there was a considerable number of effective troops stationed in the garrison at that place.
About the time when these military preparations for an attack on the Spaniards were making, general Wilkinson arrived at Natchitoches to take the command of the American forces. It is thought that the Americans would have been able to oppose between thirteen or fourteen hundred men to the Spanish armament, which from the best authority never consisted of more than eight hundred men. The Spaniards were all mounted on horseback, and armed with a dagger about a foot long, a small fuzee and a brace of pistols. The body was covered by a light shield worn on the left arm and made of several hides of leather closely attached together; but by no means invulnerable to the rifle ball at a distance, or to the shot at the common horse-pistol, in close engagement.
As soon as general Wilkinson arrived at Natchitoches, he opened a correspondence with the governor of Monterrey, who was then at Nacogdoches. Col. Cushing, the commander of the Fort at Natchitoches was sent to that place with dispatches, stating in mild, polite and detrimental language the right of the United States to the tract of country then occupied by the Spanish armament, and expressing his surprise that the Spaniards should pretend to any kind of claim to a portion of territory which had actually been ceded to the Americans in the cession of Louisiana; that he had received positive orders from the American executive to repel any armament of the Spaniards which might be formed on this side of the Sabine, with an exception to the small settlement on Bayou St. Pierre; that it was the wish of the government to prevent the effusion of blood by every rational means of accommodation, but the orders of the executive would be rigidly enforced provided it became expedient.
Col. Cushing was politely received at Nacogdoches and treated with great hospitality by the governor of Monterrey, who in reply to the communications of General Wilkinson, stated in a very short dispatch, that he was not authorized to enter upon an investigation of the existing differences between the two nations, but that the dispatches of the American commander in chief should be immediately communicated to the governor of Mexico. The governor of Monterrey added in a verbal message by col. Cushing, that accounts had arrived from Madrid of an amicable negotiation between the two countries having taken place; that the Floridas had been ceded to the United States for eleven millions of dollars, and that under those circumstances, as it was not the desire of his government that blood should be shed upon that occasion, the Spanish armament should be withdrawn to the western side of the Sabine. It was accordingly ordered to pass that river.
A few days after the retreat of the Spaniards, an officer belonging to the army came in with dispatches from the governor-general of Mexico. They contained an answer to those which had been sent to Mexico by general Harrara, when Gov. Claiborne and that Officer first opened their correspondence. These dispatches were brought in twenty six days, a distance of 700 leagues, and being of a public nature, were opened by general Wilkinson. The governor of Mexico expressed his surprise that the Americans should lay in any kind of claim to the country which the Spaniards had occupied on this side of the Sabine; that it had been considered by the Spanish government as the rightful territory of his Catholic Majesty, and that a large army had been collected in Mexico for the purpose of maintaining the claim of the king of Spain; that with respect to the American citizens who had been taken, they should be delivered up, provided it should appear that they had not violated the laws of the country, and that the negroes who had fled to the Spanish dominions should be also returned to the proprietors. On this last point the governor-general expressed a desire that some arrangements might be made between the two countries with respect to negroes who should leave their masters and pass into the dominions of either of the two nations.
The affair having advanced to this crisis, general Wilkinson disbanded the principal part of the militia, which had been assembled at Natchitoches, except a company of forty men commanded by captain Welsh, and the Natchez troop of horse. As the Spanish government however, had asserted their right to the country lying between the Rio Fonde and the Sabine, and had actually taken possession of it with a considerable armed force, general Wilkinson conceived it to be his duty to support the right of the United States to that territory, in the same manner. He accordingly wrote to general Harrara, informing him that it was his intention to fix his camp near the Sabine. Several companies of soldiers were marched towards that river; and by the last intelligence from Natchitoches, it was the intention of the general to move the main army forward, in the course of a few days. The conduct of General Wilkinson upon this occasion, has been highly meritorious. He has acted in the prosecution of every measure with uncommon moderation, promptitude and firmness. Indeed very great merit is attached, not only to all the officers who have been engaged in these operations, but to the Americans in general who composed our little army. The principles of patriotism appeared to animate all their movements, which were upon all occasions active, spirited and courageous, in a very high degree.
Doctor Sibley has in his possession a very large volume of manuscripts, containing an account of the ancient boundaries of this country, and copious details on its civil and political history. I shall go to Natchitoches in a few weeks for the purpose of procuring additional documents on the subject of Indian affairs. To Doctor Sibley, I am already under great obligations for vocabularies of several Indian languages. I expect by the spring to be enabled to complete my collections on this subject, of nine or ten different idioms. A copy will be presented to the American Philosophical Society, and one, also, to Doctor Barton of Philadelphia, to assist him in his investigation on the origin of Indians.
I am, dear Sir, with much esteem, Your most obedient servant, ALLAN B. MAGRUDER. Mr. Daniel Bradford.
By Authority.
LAW OF THE U. STATES.
AN ACT
Making appropriations for the support of the military establishment of the U. States, for the year one thousand eight hundred and seven.
BE it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, That for defraying the expenses of the military establishment of the United States, for the year one thousand eight hundred and seven, for the Indian department, and for the expense of fortifications, armaments, magazines and armories, the following sums be, and the same hereby are respectively appropriated, that is to say:
For the pay of the army of the U. States, three hundred and two thousand nine hundred and fifty-two dollars:
For forage, four thousand six hundred and eight dollars: For the subsistence of the army and corps of engineers, two hundred and thirty-five thousand five hundred and fifty-two dollars at a fifty cents: For clothing, eighty-five thousand dollars: For bounties and premiums, fifteen thousand dollars: For the medical and hospital departments, fifteen thousand dollars: For camp equipage, fuel, tools and transportation ninety thousand dollars: For fortifications, armaments, magazines and armories, two hundred and eighteen thousand five hundred and forty-two dollars and five cents: For purchasing maps, plans, books and instruments, one thousand five hundred dollars: For contingent expenses, eighteen thousand dollars: For the payment of such balances as have been ascertained, and which may be ascertained during the year one thousand eight hundred and six and one thousand eight hundred and seven, from actual settlements by the account of the war department, and which cannot be discharged out of any existing appropriation, eight thousand dollars: For the Indian department, one hundred thousand and six hundred dollars: Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That the several appropriations herein before made, shall be paid out of any monies in the treasury not otherwise appropriated.
NATHL MACON, Speaker of the House of Representatives. GEO. CLINTON, Vice-President of the United States, and President of the Senate. JANUARY 10, 1807. APPROVED, TH: JEFFERSON.
THE SUBSCRIBERS, UNDER THE FIRM OF LESUEUR & SAUNDERS, Inform their friends and the public, that they will continue the COMMISSION business, lately done by G. T. Saunders. They promise the strictest attention to the interests of those who may favor them with consignments. They are now receiving a general and extensive assortment of GROCERIES, which will be offered for sale, Wholesale and Retail, on the lowest terms and usual credit, in the store lately occupied by Messrs. William M'Kenzie & Co. opposite the Post Office of Messrs. Prosser & M'Kenzie among which are the following articles:
DISSOLUTION OF CO-PARTNERSHIP.
THE COPARTNERSHIP of G. and T. Saunders, is dissolved by mutual consent. All debts due by the concern will be adjusted and paid by J. Lesueur and Saunders, who are alone authorized to settle all claims due to and by the concern. C. H. SAUNDERS, TARLTON SAUNDERS. N. B. Those indebted are requested to make immediate payment as no further indulgence can be given. LESUEUR, & SAUNDERS. Nov. 22.
JAMES RIVER COMPANY. WILL BE RENTED, to the highest bidder, until the 31st Dec. 1808, on the premises, on Monday the 19th inst., at 12 o'Clock, all that part of LOT No. 426, which is occupied by Mr. Orris Paine as a Coal Yard, lying on the margin of the Basin, and belonging to the James River Company. The rent to be paid on the 30th June and 31st December in each year. ROBERT POLLARD, saw it.
BELL TAVERN!! THE Subscriber begs leave to inform his friends and the public, that he has taken the house in Manchester, formerly called the Rising Sun Tavern, and occupied by Mrs. Leath, and having furnished himself with good Beds and the best of Liquors, Grain, &c. he flatters himself from paying particular attention, he will be able to give general satisfaction. ROBERT MC'YRE.
N. B. A Wagon and six Mules, a good Riding-Horse, and a Jack of good flock—for sale. Manchester, Dec. 2. R. M.
TO RENT.
FOR three or four years, THAT valuable TAN-YARD, of the late Mr. Jacob Bockius, and now occupied by the subscriber, situated on the Main-Street of this city, between the capitol and Basin of the canal; its conveniences are superior to any other in this place. A large Curving-Shop, Cellar and drying loft, a spacious Bark-House, two Bark-Mills, and Houses, a Beam House & every other requisit for the tanning of from 5 to 3000 hides a year, exclusive of skins. Also, on the same Tenement, a convenient Dwelling House, Kitchen, Smoke-House, Stable and Garden. The renter may be accommodated, with about one hundred cords of excellent Spanish and Blackock Bark, now in the Bark-house, at a fair price. Proposals for the above will be received in all this and next month; and if not disposed of, within this time, it will be offered at public auction on the premises the 15th of March next. Bond with approved security will be required and possession given on the first of April next; of the bark-house, bark mills, beam house, lines, pools, boxes, hoppers and part of the vats. And the dwelling-house, and residue of the tenement on the first of May next. The reason assigned for offering the foregoing property for rent, is the ill state of health of the subscriber, to pay that attention the business requires. MARCUS ELCAN. Jan. 15.
THE SUBSCRIBER wishes to associate with himself in his professional pursuits, a gentleman well qualified to teach the Latin and French languages and Mathematics. The pecuniary compensation will be liberal, and there are peculiar circumstances, which will render the situation singularly eligible and attractive to a person of studious habits, and at all attached to the business of education. Any application from a person possessing the qualifications previously mentioned, addressed to the subscriber in Milton, Alabama, will be immediately attended to. JAMES OGH VIE. January 15.
FOR SALE. THE HOUSE & LOT occupied by Messrs. Robert Neilson & Co. opposite to Messrs. Gilliam & Kirby's. The situation of this property is equal to any in Richmond for business, and possesses every accommodation for a family Enquire of THOS. NORVELL. Jan. 15.
MARSHAL'S SALES.
Will be sold, to the highest bidder, for ready money under a decree of the court of the United States for the Southern District of Virginia, between Phoebe Bond and David Roff, and others, defendants; THREE valuable PLANTATIONS in the counties of Pittsylvania and Bedford, upon Staunton and Pigg rivers, fluted in the deed of trust in the proceedings mentioned, to contain three thousand acres, more or less, but supposed to be considerably more extensive, comprehending all the Lands that on the 5th day of June 1795 belonged or appertained to the three plantations known by the name of the Mountain plantation, mouth of Pigg River plantation, and the Frying Pan plantation. A more particular description of which will be given on the day of sale. The sale will take place at the Eagle-Tavern in the city of Richmond, on Tuesday the 24th day of February next.
Also at the Oxford Iron Works in the county of Campbell, on Tuesday the third day of March next, will be sold under the said decree, upon the same terms, a number of very valuable SLAVES. BENJ. MOSBY, D. M. for JOS. SCOTT, M. V. D. epif.
REMOVAL. THE Subscriber have removed their COMPTING-HOUSE, from the Main-Street to one of David Bullock's Brick Buildings, at the lower end of the Basin, between the Tenements occupied by C. and T. Saunders, and Norvell, Watt and Bullock—where they continue their purchases of wheat as usual. They also keep for sale a regular supply of Hour, Corn Meal, Hominy and Bran. THOMAS & AMOS LADD. 19 Mo. 3d. 1806. epif.
EDUCATION. JAMES OGH VIE, will continue during the ensuing year, in the village of Milton, Alabama, to prosecute with his pupils the course of Education they have commenced, and is desirous to receive ten or fifteen more, provided they can be associated with the class, of which, at this time his School is composed. The senior class are engaged in the study of Geometry, Natural Philosophy, History and Metaphysics. The second class will devote their attention to the Latin and French Languages, Euclid's Elements, and the philosophy of Rhetoric. The junior class will continue to study the Latin Language, Geography, Arithmetic and English Grammar. Exercises in Criticism, Composition and Elocution constitute essential parts of the course of instruction he pursues. His charge for tuition will be fifty dollars per annum. Every pupil will also be expected to pay two dollars and a half to defray the expense of rent, fuel, &c. The school will be opened on the 19th day of January, 1807. December 5.
TO BE SOLD OR RENTED. A CONVENIENT Dwelling HOUSE, on the Capitol square, adjoining the tenement of Mr. Edmund Randolph. Possession may be delivered immediately—Enquire of the printer. January 8. saww.
WANTED immediately, ten ton of clean Merchandise Hemp, for which a liberal price will be given in cash. PROSSER & MONCURE. Dec. 20. epif.
In pursuance of a Resolution of the Common Council for the City of Richmond, passed at a called meeting thereof, on the 20th of January, 1807, NOTICE is hereby given, that the Common Hall will proceed, at the next monthly meeting, to appoint a Captain of the Night watch for the city. N. SHEPPARD, C. C. H. January 22. 4t.
ON CONSIGNMENT.
24 barrels Liverpool Salt, 12 hogsheads molasses, AND 20 barrels Nova-Scotia potatoes which are generally thought superior to the imported Irish potatoes—for sale by JOHN SOUTHGATE. Jan. 19th. (94)