Virginia Argus (Richmond, Va.), 1809-10-06 00:00:00

VIRGINIA ARGUS.
[XVIIth Year.]
A FREE PRESS MAINTAINS THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE PEOPLE.
[No. 1694.]
RICHMOND:—PRINTED (ON TUESDAYS AND FRIDAYS,) BY SAMUEL PLEASANTS, JUNIOR, PRINTER TO THE COMMONWEALTH.
[Four Dollars Per Annum—Paid in Advance.]
FRIDAY, OCTOBER 6, 1809.
[12 1-2 Cents Single.]
VIRGINIA:
At a superior court of chancery held at the capital in Richmond, June 20th, 1809. Philip N. Nicholas, attorney general, on behalf of the commonwealth of Virginia, Plff.
AGAINST Lucy Price, rel Ct of William Price, register, deceased, and William D. James Alexander, John Harvie and Anne Price, Infant heirs of William Price, dec ased, by William Duval, their guardian, and the said William Duval, administrator of William Price, deceased, defs. Phillip Duval, plff.
AGAINST The same, defs. The Mutual Assurance Society against Fire on Buildings, in the state of Virginia, plffs.
AGAINST The same, defs. And William Marshall and Thomas Taylor, guardians of Eleanor and Lavinia Dandridge, orphans of William Dandridge, deceased, plffs.
AGAINST The same, defs.
THESE causes by consent of parties were this day heard together on the bills, answer, exh bits, and report of commissioner Greenhow, made in the second suit, which is submitted by consent in the other causes, and were argued by counsel; On consideration whereof, the court, by consent of parties, doth adjudge, order and decree, that John Prosser and William Moncure, or either of them, who are appointed commissioners for that purpose, after having advertised the time and place of sale for thirty days in two of the newspapers printed in the city of Richmond, do expose to sale, at public auction, upon the premises, the following Lands of the Intestate, to wit: William Price, late registrar, name ly, two thirds of two lots in the city of Richmond, known as d d s inguished in the plan of the said city by the numbers five hundred and twenty-seven, and five hundred and eight, lying on the main street, which were purchased of Alexander Quarter, and adjoining his present residence; nine vacant lots in the said city, near the tenement of Joseph Jackson, and distinguished by the numbers
—a house and lot on the main street of Shockoe Hill, near the Brick building of Thomas White, commonly called the Blue House, and which the intestate purchased of John Britain; three hundred and fifty acres of land (more or less,) in the county of Goochland, adjoining the lands of Robt. H. Saunders: 213 acres, more or less, and eighty acres of coal land, both lying on Deep-run in the county of Henrico: three hundred and fifty acres of land on the Richmond Turnpike, situated about three and a half miles from Richmond, being the farm formerly occupied by the Intestate, & now by Peter Wilkinson: and in shares in the Richmond Turnpike Company, so much thereof as shall be sufficient to satisfy the plaintiffs in their respective claims, with interest thereon from the day of sale, in the order, and on the terms following, to wit:—To satisfy the commonwealth of Virginia, two thousand eight hundred and forty-five dollars and nine y-two cents, with interest from the first day of October, in the year one thousand eight hundred and eight, with costs of suit and expenses of the sales hereby directed, which sales shall be made on twelve months credit, the purchaser or purchasers paying interest from the date and giving bond with sufficient security payable to the treasurer, for the time being, or his successors, in office, which bond or bonds shall be delivered to the auditor of public accounts by the said commissioners:—To satisfy in the next place, Philip Duval the sum of twelve hundred dollars, with interest from the twentieth day of November, 1808, and costs of suit with the sales hereby directed, which shall be made on six months credit, the purchaser or purchasers executing a note or notes, negotiable and payable in the Bank of Virginia, with approved endorsements, and the note or notes so taken for such sum as shall be equal to the said Philip Duval's claim with interest until such note or notes shall become due, be delivered to the said Philip Duval by the said commissioners. To satisfy in the third place, the Mutual Assurance Society against fire on buildings in the state of Virginia, the sum of two thousand and two hundred and seven dollars and fifty cents, with interest on two thousand and ninety-four dollars and five cents, from the first day of the present month, and cost of suit with expenses of sales hereby directed, which sale shall be made at twelve months credit, the purchaser or purchasers executing a note or notes negotiable and payable at the Bank of Virginia, with approved endorsements, for such sum as shall be equal to the principal and interest of the said Society's claim until the said note or notes shall become due, and costs of suit which said note or notes shall be delivered to the principal agent of the said Society for the time being: And, to satisfy in the last place, the plaintiffs, William Marshall
and Thomas Taylor, the sum of fourteen hundred dollars, with interest from the first day of the present month, with costs of suit and expenses of the sales hereby directed, which sale shall be made on a credit of two years, the purchaser or purchasers executing bonds, with approved security, bearing interest from the date of the sale, the said bond or bonds to be delivered to the said Marshall and Taylor; And the court doth further adjudge, order and decree, that the said commissioners or the one who may act, report their proceeding to the court; as to the dower of the defendant Lucy, in the property directed to be sold, the court will if the parties consent, at a future day proceed to make compensation to her, out of the other lands of the estate of the Intestate; and liberty is reserved to the infant defendants to shew cause against this decree at any time within six months after they shall severally attain the age of twenty-one years: And by consent of the parties in the last suit of the court, doth order the defendant William Duval, to make up the account of his Intestate, as guardian of Lavinia and Eleanor Dandridge, now wards of the plaintiffs Taylor and Marshall, before one of the commissioners of the court, who is ordered to examine, state, settle and report the same to the court with any matters required by the parties or deemed pertinent by himself.
A Copy—Teste, PETER TINSLEY, c. c.
IN conformity with the foregoing decree, we one of us, will proceed to sell on the premises, on Tuesday, the 17th inst. at 11 o'clock, the LOTS mentioned in said decree: The BLUE HOUSE will be sold subject to the possibility of the Dower of Mrs Britain—and immediately after the sale of the Blue House—will be sold, TEN SHARES in the Richmond Turnpike Company, also mentioned in the said decree.—And on Wednesday the 18th inst. will be sold, on the premises, that beautiful seat in the county of Henrico, called CHANTILLI, containing 350 acres, or so much thereof as will be sufficient to satisfy the Plaintiffs in their respective claims with interest therein from the days of sale.
JOHN PROSSER, } Commissioners. WM. MONCURE, }
N. B. The sale of the Lots adjoining Col. Quarter, was formerly forbidden—but the Title will now be guaranteed to the purchasers. tds.
Domestic.
From the Evening Post.
Those who rail at the government and condemn its proceedings, would act wisely to examine the fruits it produces—and contrast our situation with that of any people of the civilized world. We have 'peace, liberty and safety'—a government so light and so easy to be borne, that we are hardly sensible of a controlling power.—We bear nothing of excises, taxes or requisitions—every man, disposed to labor, may make himself comfortable, nay, independent—the products of the soil are abundant, and few, indeed, are unable to maintain themselves decently, if industrious and economical; our charitable institutions are filled only with the halt and the blind, the aged and the infirm, or idiots and maniacs. Every person capable of labor, find enough to do—and will work for himself.—With the happiness of the people progresses its wealth, strength, & resources of the country. Where the wild Indian but a year or two since hunted the deer and the buffalo, the neat village springs up, as it were, by magic—the forest bows to the axe of the husbandman, and richly waving corn supplies the place of the bramble. The arts are encouraged; labour is secured of its reward, and cheerful industry prevails over the land, satisfied the bread it may earn will not be wrested from it to supply the demands of the state. All repose in safety, for there is nought (in the government) to make them afraid.
When this true picture of our country is examined, let us look to Europe, affrighted with terror, stained with blood, worn down with taxes and conscriptions, uncertain of to-day, and trembling with apprehension for the events of to-morrow!—"Every third man in England," says Cobbett, "with a family of two children, is a pauper;" and so he must be, for employment is wanted, and every thing he consumes is loaded with taxes. Nor are the people on the continent to be envied, for there contributions and conscriptions prevail, and the iron hand of des-
potism seizes on what the ravages of war may leave to the miserable inhabitants.—Delightful countries become desolate by the curs d ambition of kings; horror walks abroad; & famine sweeps from the earth a dispirited & desponding population.—Oceans of blood roll over the land, and mountains of impositions are heaped upon those who escape from the battle.
Let the American place a map of the world before him, and say, what spot he would prefer to reside in—Let him point to that country in which he could better his condition: if he can discover a place more desirable than this, we have no laws to prevent his emigration to it; he is free to go or to stay; not bound to the soil, as are the unfortunate people of Europe; his own will is his master. But where is that spot? who has discovered it? who will reside in it? Will the greatest grumblers at government seek liberty and happiness in England or France? Will they come under the beneficent sway of his majesty, at Nova Scotia; or seek repose under some Victor Hughes, in a colony of France?—No—no. The grumbler knows he would not have even the liberty to grumble, in any country but this; and remains—and finds fault.
WASHINGTON CITY, Sept 29.
Among the ridiculous calumnies with which a number of the federal prints seem (other respectable prints of this denomination, we admit, are characterized by a far different tone) none is more unfounded than that which attributes to the republicans a disposition to foment our misunderstandings with England into war. Because the late disavowal of Mr. Erskine's arrangements has excited the general indignation of the nation and produced a universal conviction that the motives of such a government ought to be viewed with distrust and that until its conduct shall be explained, it is absurd to talk of its justice or friendship; because its continued violations of our rights, when the cause it is signed itself for them has ceased, have been inculcated as furnishing strong grounds for the opinion that we have nothing to calculate upon but that which shall be exported from its fears; because, under these circumstances, the nation is guarded against the dangers of false security—we are told that there is a strong desire to precipitate the U. S. into the horrors of war.
The folly of this language is the best evidence of the forlorn situation to which the opposition to the existing administration is reduced.
The charge of French influence, so dexterously urged against Mr. Jefferson by the leading federalists is altogether abandoned in relation to Mr. Madison.
Our existing measures, by which commercial intercourse is prohibited with England and France, were sanctioned by every federal vote in the Senate, and by a large portion of the votes in the House of Representatives. Even Pickering and Quincy voted for them.
The arrangement made with Mr. Erskine has been extolled to the skies by the federalists.
The recent proclamation of the President reinstating the provisions of the non intercourse has also met with their general approbation.
The talents, the virtues, the moderation, the independence of Mr. Madison, are the constant theme of federal applause.
Nothing, in short, has been done by him, that is not approved.
Still an attempt is persisted in to divide the people, by exciting their fears and fomenting their suspicions of the eventual course that shall be pursued by the administration.
There can be but one motive for this otherwise inexplicable conduct. It must be to prepare the public for that denunciation which it is intended to oppose to whatever measures shall be finally taken by the government. In this nation, as in every other where any freedom exists, there will always be an opposition composed of malcontents, of men who have been disappointed in their personal views, who have coveted honors or offices denied them by the government; of men, who, from the peculiar structure of their minds, are destined to be in eternal opposition
to any government; and of weak men, who, for a variety of causes, are the ill fated victims of political delusion. Such are the materials of which the present opposition is composed. The honorable conduct of the government, by a fortunate concurrence of circumstances, has become so manifest, as to have shaken from their fealty most of the talent and respectability of the federal party. Enlightened and honest federalists, having become convinced of the pure views of administration, disclaim to lend their aid to the calumnies of faction; hence the opposition is reduced even more in talent than in numbers. It is not surprising that, in this forlorn condition, the abortion of hope should have produced the madness of despair and that the few federal prints which still hold out should exhibit the ravings of bedlam, and be stuffed with the most incoherent nonsense.—Nat. Int.
From a Philadelphia Paper.
CRUELTY TO BEASTS.
It is shocking to see with what horrid barbarity many persons treat those animals with which the G. Creator of the universe has so liberally bestowed on man. The interference of the law in favour of the brute creation is a proof of the highly civilized state of society, and reflects a lustre on the institutions of the country. There does not exist a nobler or more useful animal than the Horse—h, therefore deserves our particular attention. Yet, that there are many who offend in this particular, the sensibility of our citizens can attest. Some persons, particularly among those who drive Horses in drays and cars for a living, have been deceived by a very mistaken notion that they have the right to act as they please with an animal, provided he is their own. In order to eradicate this erroneous idea, and, if possible, prevent the abuse of Horses, one of those persons was prosecuted at the last Mayor's Court.—And to disseminate the principles on which the conviction in the case was founded, I beg you to give the following note of the case a place in your useful paper.
Commonwealth vs. Jacob Sawers. Mayor's Court of Philadelphia, July Sessions, 1809.
Indictment for a misdemeanor in wanton and excessively and inhumanly beating a Horse, &c.
It was proved that the defendant was employed by the owner of the Horse in question, to drive him in a dray. That he had brought a small load to the store of Mr. Jonathan Miller, in High street, near Fifth street, and that soon after unloading the dray the Horse not acting just as the defendant wished, he began beating him sometimes with the lash and sometimes with the butt of the whip. He struck him over the head, knees and upon his body—He then backed him to Sixth street, alternately beating him until he would start forward, and then pulling him violently backwards with the reins. This he continued for nearly half an hour, and was only prevented from pursuing it still longer by the spirited interference of some gentlemen, who finding all argument lost on the actor of this brutal scene, executed on him the lex talionis. The witnesses agreed that the Horse was docile, and there was no cause for the beating.
The Court told the Jury that it was a reproach to humanity that brutal acts towards Horses were so frequent in our streets. That if they should be of opinion that the defendant had wantonly, excessively and inhumanly beaten his Horse, his conduct was contrary to law, and they ought to convict; but if they were of a different opinion, they ought to acquit.
The Jury retired, and in about an hour returned a verdict GUILTY and—the defendant was sentenced to pay a fine to the Commonwealth.
PETERSBURG, October 3. Major Clark's Muskets!
The arms belonging to the Petersburg Republican Light Infantry, were tried by the company during the month of August last, in the presence of the Colonel of the 39th Regiment. The pieces were charged with powder and ball, as directed by the Executive, and fired—The result was (as we understand, for we were not present,) that out of 60 muskets thus charged and fired eighteen of them either bursted, or were found unfit for service!
Enough has already appeared in the different examinations of the Virginia arms, to warrant a strong presumption, that of the muskets in the hands of the militia throughout the State, made at the Armoury in Richmond, at least one third are totally unfit for any purpose whatever!
From the Washington Independent American—a federal paper.
The public mind will remain it is presumed in a state of anxiety, until the meeting of Congress; for it would seem that the President of the United States has not the power by law to alter in any manner his subsisting commercial relations of the country, unless Mr. Jackson had brought with him propositions equal to those of Mr. Erskine; and we may fairly conclude, after the British king had declared that he can never agree to such an arrangement, that the new envoy has no such powers.
Whatever may be the instructions of Mr. Jackson, it is hoped that his mission may terminate amicably. It is certainly for the benefit of both countries that peace should be the result of his labors. As to the idea that the gentleman has come hither to bully us, we have a more respectable opinion of our country, and of the character of his undersanding, than to suppose any such thing. A British fleet may batter Copenhagen indeed, and her be prostrate the Danes; but as to compelling our country to yield to dishonorable terms by bombing a city or two, it is a mere fantastical conceit. Men of reflection smile at the notion of subduing a continent with floating artillery. Whatever nation would conquer us, must come a share; and, in case of war, the coming on shore is all an American need ask of his enemy to insure its destruction.
But we see no real cause why Great Britain should attempt any thing of the kind; our administration appears willing to come to terms; Mr. Madison does not seem to entertain a hostile disposition towards the English, and it must, as things go at present, be the fault of the latter if an adjustment of differences does not take place. On the whole, we are of opinion, that it would be more advantageous to the British nation to be on good terms with America than to irritate her by acts from which England finally derives no benefit.
COLUMBIA, S. C. Sep. 9.
Timothy Pickering and George Canning were on Monday night fast, hung and burnt in effigy before the courthouse, amidst the firing of cannon and the universal huzzars of a vast concourse of people, who attended with lighted candles, and marched with the personages through the town, with martial music, and a triangular transparent lantern, representing three eagles and the 17 United States, supported in front of the cart which they were drawn: after which the people dispersed with the utmost regularity.
We are concerned to state, that the city of Charleston is at present afflicted by the Yellow Fever. The City Inspector reports, that in the week ending on the 18th inst. (Sep.) 12 persons died of this disease. On the 20th he reports that there was no new case or death in the city.
A census has just been taken of the State of South Carolina; from which it appears, that the total of the white inhabitants is 215,431, which gives an increase of 19,166 in the last nine years. The census of that State in 1800 being 196,255.
Before the late surrender of the city of St. Domingo, the inhabitants suffered greatly for want of the necessaries of life. Flour, corn and rice sold at a dollar and a quarter a pound, beef and pork at two dollars, and horse-meat at a dollar a pound! A fowl sold for ten dollars, a cat for two dollars, and an egg for three quarters of a dollar!
During the last three weeks we have attended the quarterly Courts of Campbell, Amherst, and Bedford, on the first days of each term; and of the malcontents that attended those Courts not less perhaps than between 12 and 1500, not 1 in 10 were a stitch of British or other foreign manufacture, &c.—Where a British Coat appeared, it was not a new one. It was a grating spectacle to behold a well looking hardy people, neatly and cheaply dressed by female diligence and domestic industry, in the product of their own fields and farms, the average annual cost of each of whose dress, in British goods, 10 years ago, could not have amounted to less than $50.—This spirit gains ground if cherished in every thing, and by every body, it must terminate in our perfect independence and in the humiliation of our perfidious oppressors.— Lynchburg Star.
VERMONT ELECTION.
From the Green Mountain Farmer of September 18.
It is now rendered certain that the Hon. JONAS GALUSHA is elected Governor of Vermont, for the year ensuing. It is also certain that the whole Republican ticket for councilors are elected. It is certain also that there will be a majority of at least 40 Republican members in the

House of Assembly. All we have to say is, the honest farmer and mechanics of Vermont have done their duty. They have restored our state to its former republican character. They have disappointed the most sanguine hopes of our enemies. The talents of our disinterested lawyers, the patriotism of our political priests, the circulation of a little hard cash, and most loyal presses, could not prevail against the firm body of republicans inhabiting the Green Mountain. They saw their liberty in danger, and they arose in their might and saved it.
From the Rutland Herald of Sept. 16.
The following is an aggregate of the votes as far as received. The towns to be heard from are mostly small, and will not vary the result more than 400 or 500 votes either way.
1809 1808 Galusha Tichenor Smith Tichenor 11,637 9802 10,815 10,188 9802 10,188 1,835 627 Majority for Galusha 1,835, and a net gain of 2,463.
Copy of a letter from Gen. Armstrong, dated Paris 4th July, 1809.
"Sir, "I have received your letter of the 1st. of June, stating the case of the brig Caroline, &c. :—the fate of this brig and cargo will probably depend upon the issue of a negotiation now pending, between the United States and his majesty the emperor and king, and which will from my present views of the subject be terminated within a month or 6 weeks from the present time.
"If there be any of your countrymen at Naples in your situation you'll oblige me by communicating to them the contents of this letter.
"I am, sir, very respectfully, &c. (Signed) "JOHN ARMSTRONG."
"Mr. R. I. REED. Supercargo of the American brig Carolina."
Foreign.
NEW-YORK, September 29.
On Monday arrived at Boston the brig Governor Sumner, Capt. Hilliard, from Alicante and Gibraltar, with papers from the latter place to the 5th of August, containing the following interesting information.
SEVILLE, SPAIN. Dispatch of General D. Gregoria de la Cuesta, dated El Bravo, July 24. The French under Marshal Victor, who had entrenched themselves on the banks of the Alberche, and were on the eve of being attacked, fled in silence on the night of the 22d ; and the Anglo-Spanish armies are pursuing them in their retreat. Our advanced Guard is in Cebolla. (Government Gazette.)
CADIZ. H. E. Don Martin de Garay, Member and Secretary of the Supreme board of Government of the Kingdom has just received the important intelligence that the Anglo Spanish army has most completely defeated the French army, on the banks of the Alberche, after two days most severe fighting and great slaughter, in which all the troops entitled themselves to the national esteem. H. M. hastens to impart this favorable news to the Consulate of Cadiz.
General Cuesta's Dispatch.
Gen. Cuesta sends information from the camp at Talavera, under date the 28th July, that, upon being apprized that the enemy to the number of 40,000 men were making dispositions to attack him, he crossed the Alberche, to take up a position previously agreed upon with the British Commander in Chief.
At 5 in the afternoon on the 27th, the enemy presented themselves, made a most vigorous charge with fixed bayonets, and were repulsed with great loss, the battle ended at 8 at night.
On the 28th, very early in the morning, the enemy renewed their attack, which they were still carrying on at 7 in the evening, when the Dispatch came away ; at which time, the whole of the enemy's troops were driven back. The General flatters himself, that such will be the issue of every successive action, the English and Spanish army displaying the gallantry characteristic of their Nations.
The Ussemper was present in person—on that evening he withdrew to St. Ollala, with 98 carts of wounded. Lucia's Division is close to Toledo ; and Venegas' army must have been in Aranjuez yesterday, with an intention to proceed to Madrid.
(Signed.)
GARAY.
P. S. Intelligence has just been received, by express, that the enemy have been completely defeated.
CADIZ, Aug. 2. Reports have reached this City from Seville as follows :
FIRST REPORT.
"That a glorious Victory had been gained, by the combined armies under Field Marshal Cuesta and Lieut. General Sir Arthur Wellesley, over the French army commanded by Marshal Victor.
"The loss of the British is said to be two General Officers killed, and one wounded, and from 4 to 5000 men."
SECOND REPORT.
(By an Express arrived here this day, 2d.) "That Marshal Victor, with 13,000 men, had surrendered to the combined armies.
In Galicia and Asturias, now free from the Vandals, our army is daily reinforcing, and the public administration organizing. It is remarkable, that, upon their marching off, the French have done no damage either to the dock yard in Ferrol, or to the manufactories of muskets in Oviedo. The patriotism of the Arragonese is rising higher and higher every day ; their army in Terrosas is gaining more and more strength. Gerona, furiously attacked
by Augereau's Division, set a memorable example of valor in the defence of Montjuich on the 8th, and is yet making a heroic resistance, although the reinforcements sending to her assistance, have miscarried.
A new Ambassador from England (the Marquis of Wellesley) has arrived at Cadiz.
The French Consul lately arrested at Algiers, has been released and has arrived at Marseilles.
LATEST.
NEW YORK, Sept. 30.
Arrived, ship Triton, Henderson, Hull, 42 days. Sailed in co. ship Herald, Philadelphia. Left, ship Brutus for do. in two days—brig Phoebe, Hamilton, Baltimore, in 2 or 3 days.
We stop the press at 1 o'clock this morning, to announce the arrival, below, of the ship Triton, captain Henderson. She sailed from Hull the 10th of August, and brings London dates to the 15th.
These papers contain the official particulars of the battle fought in Spain on the 27th and 28th July. The intelligence reached London on the 14th of August, and the park & tower guns were fired on the occasion—the following official note was sent to the lord mayor :—
"Downing street, 14th Aug.
"My lord—I have the honor to inform your lordship, that the enemy having assembled on the Alberche all his forces in that part of Spain, consisting of the corps of Victor, of Sebastiani, and of 7 or 8000 troops from Madrid, the whole under the personal command of Joseph Bonaparte, assisted by marshals Jourdan and Victor, and general Sebastiani, attacked the combined armies posted at Talavera, on the 27th and 28th ult. The efforts of the enemy were chiefly directed against the British troops, and I have the satisfaction to acquaint your lordship, that on both days he was defeated with the most distinguished gallantry, and compelled to retire over the Alberche with the loss of not less than 10,000 men, 20 pieces of cannon, and 5 standards. A victory so glorious to his majesty's arms, has not been purchased without a severe loss on our part. We have to lament the loss of major general MacKenzie, brigadier general Langsworth, and many other gallant officers who have fallen on this occasion. The total loss on both days is stated to be in killed, 801—wounded 3913—missing 353. The French generals Lapisse and Morlot are killed—generals Sebastiani and Bonet, wounded.
I have the honor to be, &c. "CASTLEREAGH. "The right hon. the Lord Mayor."
A gazette extraordinary was published on the 15th, with the official dispatches from Sir Arthur Wellesley.
The surrender of Flushing was reported, but no official advice had been received. It was reported in Spanish papers of the 31st July, that Venegas had captured Madrid.
Sir James Saumarez's squadron had made a successful attack on Archangel, and took 100 ships in the harbor, laden with tallow and other valuable commodities.
The emperor of Austria had repaired to Campsin, to accelerate the conclusions of the negotiations for peace. It was reported that a congress would be held at Presburg, to settle the terms of peace.
Nothing of American affairs. The Triton reports, that the Henrietta Charlotte, was to sail from London on the 21st of Aug. for N. York.
FROM THE NORTH AMERICANS
Captain White of the schr. Hawk, in 48 days from Messina, informs that about July 12 while he was at Messina the admiral of the Sicilian gun boats undertook to dislodge the French from the castle of Schella which commanded the heights of Messina and annoyed the passage : he requested the English commander to lie in reserve. He attacked the French gun boats and took 2 of them which he brought in, and took the Castle. The conduct of the Sicilians exceeded the expectation of the English and every one on shore. The whole of the engagement being distinctly seen from the town—2000 of the English troops had taken possession of the islands of Ischia and Capri at the entrance of the harbor of Naples ; and having landed, they and the French were a considerable while in view of each other and each retired without firing a gun : shortly after orders came from admiral Collingwood for the English to evacuate the island and retire to Sicily, as information had been received that the French had 300 transports and 30,000 men at Toulon ready for sea and an attack was expected from some quarter. The latest accounts they had from Vienna from an Austrian officer, was to the 11th of July ; they were rather confused.
We have received by this vessel a Messina paper of the 31st July, from which we have extracted two Papal Bulls of great interest, to the Catholic world more particularly. One of them relates to the usurpation of the Pope's temporalities ; and the other pronounces Napoleon Bonaparte and his accomplices excommunicated for that cause. Such a bold and decisive step, of which for a long series of years there has been no example, evinces a spirit of resistance against impious robbery, the consequences of which must have been anticipated to be full of danger to the person of Pius the 7th, surrounded as he was by the generals and the soldiery of his despot. Accordingly we learn that shortly after the Bull of excommunication was terminated, the Pope disappeared and no researches could penetrate to a knowledge of the place of his captivity or the mode of his catastrophe.
What can bound the rapacity which actuates the tyrant of Europe ? The temporalities of the Pope were as much his property as the possession of any temporal Prince. The title of the Roman Pontiffs to their dominion prescriptively acknowledged and settled could yield to nothing but downright violence. Whilst all mankind therefore must look upon this usurpation as
a flagrant breach of right, the Catholic adds to the outrage the crimes of sacrilege and impiety.
The Italian copy of the excommunication is a translation from the Latin, and is probably not more than the concluding and operating clause of the Bull ; the preliminary explanations being contained in the preamble and the acts referred to.
Extract from the Messina Gazette of July 31, 1809.
A vessel under a neutral flag from Civita Vecchia has furnished us with a copy of the declaration issued by his Holiness Pius 7th at the time of the sacrilegious invasion of all his dominions, and of the patrimony of the church : and likewise of the sentence of excommunication issued against Bonaparte and his accomplices, on the 10th of June, which acts of the Pope are herewith published, to render them more generally known throughout the Catholic world.
PIUS POPE VII. The disastrous designs of the foes of the Apostolical See are at length completed. After suffering the violent and iniquitous spoliation of the forest and most considerable portion of our dominions, we now behold ourselves deprived entirely, under unworthy pretexts and with the most grievous injustice, of all our temporal sovereignty, with which our spiritual independence is closely connected. This consolation accompanies us, under the pressure of this severe persecution, that it has not been incurred for any wrong done to the emperor, or to France, which has been always the object of our tender, fatherly solicitude ; nor on account of any worldly political artifice ; but because we would not betray our duties or our conscience.
No one, who professes the Catholic religion, and much less he, who presides over, and is principally bound to announce it, can displease God for the sake of pleasing men.
Bound moreover to God, and to the Church to transmit our rights whole and entire, we protest against this new spoliation, and declare it null and void.
We reject with the most determined resolution, the assignment of any allowance intended for us or the members of our College (of Cardinals) by the emperor of the French.
We should be overwhelmed with disgrace in the sight of the Church, if we submitted to receive our subsistence from the hands of the usurper of her patrimony.
We resign ourselves entirely to Divine Providence, and to the devotion of the faithful servants of God, and shall be satisfied piously to conclude the bitter career of our painful life.
We adore with profound humiliation the inscrutable designs of God. We invoke his mercy over all our good subjects, who will be always our joy and our crown ; and after having discharged in these most distressing circumstances, our duty, we exhort them to preserve in all integrity, their religion and faith, and with signs and tears between the porch and the altar, to unite themselves with us in supplication to the supreme father of lights, that he would graciously be pleased to work a change in the wicked designs of our persecutors. Given at our Quirinal Apostolical palace, this 10th June, 1809.
PIUS POPE VII.
L. S. Conclusion of the Sentence of Excommunication.
PIUS POPE VII. By authority of the Almighty God, and of the saints St. Peter and St. Paul, we declare you Napoleon Bonaparte and all your accomplices (co-operators) in the act, which you are now executing, to have incurred the censure of excommunication ; under which by our apostolic letters, contemporaneously published and affixed at the usual places in this city, we declare all those to have fallen, who since the forcible invasion of this city on the 2d of Feb. 1808, have committed the violences against which not only our successive secretaries of state by our orders, but we ourselves have protested in two consistorial allocations (disourses) of the 16th March and 11th of July, 1808 : and the same penalties attaches to all mandatories, supporters, advisers, and all others who have executed themselves, or procured the execution of the above mentioned usurpations and violences. Given at Rome at the church of S. Maria Major, June 10, 1809.
PIUS POPE VII.
L. S.
LONDON, July 26.
Wednesday at 12 o'clock a very numerous company of agriculturalists assembled in Richmond gardens, to attend the sale by auction, of 100 sheep selected from his majesty's flock of merino sheep, as advertised in last week's paper. The rams were 89 in number, which brought from 23 to 81 guineas each, on an average 45 1-2 guineas ; the ewes 61, from 14 to 50 guineas, on an average 32 guineas. The whole number (100) produced about 3785 guineas. Among the company present, were the Duke of Kent, Lord Ducie, Sir C. Talbot, Sir Joseph Banks, and a great number of gentlemen and agriculturalists.
LONDON, Aug. 10.
We have received Paris papers to the 31st ult. containing the 20th Bulletin of the French army in Germany. It is dated Vienna, July 22, at which time Bonaparte was in that city or its vicinity, at Schoenbrunn. The report in the German papers of his having set out on the 15th, on his return to Paris, is thus officially contradicted, nor is that event likely soon to take place ; if, as appears from the French papers, he means to defer his departure until the final settlement of a treaty of peace between him and the emperor of Austria. If we may judge from the slowness with which the armistice of Znaim is carried into effect, this final adjustment will occupy a considerable time. Of the occupation of Presburg in conformity with the stipulations of the Armistice, we were already in possession ; but the fortress of Gratz, in S. P., which was to be surrendered on the 18th, we find was not occupied so late as the 21st, and an expectation only is expressed, that Marshal Macdonald,
who had set out to take possession of that place, would enter it on the 22d. The state of the Tyrol and Vorarlberg sufficiently accounts for the delay in the complete execution of the stipulations, without presuming any difficulties or indisposition on the part of Austria. Had our expedition arrived in good time, it might indeed have infused some spirit into her councils, and encouraged her to assume a tone of independence : but the utmost we can now expect, is that it may operate as a quickener upon the negotiation for peace, and induce Bonaparte to yield any remaining points that may be still under consideration at the time of the arrival of our troops in Holland. It is stated in an article dated Vienna, the 15th, that the plenipotentiaries were to meet at Braun, and that gen. Andreossy and prince John of Lichtenstein were the persons appointed. From the Bulletin, however, we are led to conclude, that the negotiation is carried on at Vienna, by Prince John, who communicates with the emperor of Austria at Budá, and Cnám, pogy, who acts under the immediate instruction of Bonaparte at Schoenbrunn.
The Austrian official account of the battle of Wagram has at length made its appearance ; and is stated in articles from Dresden to be conformable in the most essential points with the French Bulletins. We are sorry to find that the Archduke Charles and Prince John of Lichtenstein were both wounded. It concludes thus :
"The Austrian army has sustained a vast loss. It is deprived, by the death of Gen. Normann, of an officer of the most distinguished merit. No hopes are entertained of the recovery of Generals Vecsey, d'Aspre, and Vukassovich. Among the Generals less dangerously wounded are, the Prince of Hesse-Homburg, Generals Sutterheim and Parr, and his imperial highness the Archduke Charles, who with the prince Lichtenstein, received musket wounds, which will not, however, be attended with any serious consequences."
The Paris papers contain intelligence from Madrid of so recent a date as the 20th ult. at which date it does not appear that Joseph Bonaparte entertained any apprehension of being forced to evacuate the capital.
According to the most recent accounts public and private from Spain, it appears that Victor and Sebastiani have united their forces near Toledo, where they will probably make a stand. Their amount is variously stated, between 35,000 and 30,000 men. The combined British and Spanish armies are estimated 104,000, exclusive of eight thousand from Portugal, and an English regiment on its march from Gibraltar expected to join Sir Arthur Wellesley. It was marching for Madrid in three divisions as follows :—The left, consisting of 26,000, including 3,000 cavalry, under Sir A. Wellesley, north of the Tagus ; the centre, consisting of 52,000, including 12,000 cavalry, under Cuesta, along the Tagus ; and the right, amounting to 26,000, under Venegas, along the south of the Tagus, through the mountains of Toledo.
FROM SPAIN.
Further translations from Spanish papers to the 26th July, received at the office of the United States' Gazette.
SEVILLE, June 29.
Information from our beloved King Ferdinand VII.
The supreme central junta, at the same time that they labour incessantly for the preservation, security and prosperity of this monarchy, wish with the greatest anxiety, to see returned to his throne, our beloved King Ferdinand VII. They heard with the Greatest joy, the agreeable news of the health of our August monarch, and of the infants Don Charles and Don Antonio, by means of the marquis of Ayerbe, gentleman of his majesty's chamber, one of those who followed in his service at Bayonne, upon his being forced out of Spain, and who is now in this city. He says that by the French publick papers, his majesty knows the fidelity of his subjects, and with what valour and patriotism they oppose themselves to the enemy in defence of their just rights, and to free his royal and august person from the power of his enemy ; but that he has the mortification to be ignorant of the forces and advantages of the nation and its real state, as his majesty and suit have no correspondence with Spain ; that besides this, he is deprived of the company of those faithful servants who, to accompany him, had abandoned family, country and fortune.
The manner of his separation, as related by the marquis, was painful. He was acting as principal, in consequence of the duke St. Charles being at Paris, on business of his majesty. On Good Friday, he received from M. De Alberon, chamberlain of the emperor, and governor of Valencia, an official letter from whence the following is an extract :
"Señior marquis, I have just received the following despatch from the grand marshal Duroc. "The Spanish government claims all the officers and other individuals of the suit and household of the princes of Spain, under penalty of the confiscation of their property. You will receive upon this subject, orders and instructions from his excellency the minister of police, and in conformity therewith you will inform those gentlemen, that they are to depart from this place for Auch within the term of 48 hours precisely. At Auch they will receive the new orders where to proceed to. You are authorized to except from this order, the relatives of Excoquiz, and those persons most necessary to the service of the princes."
"You will have the goodness, señor marquis, to communicate this order to all those gentlemen ; at the same time, be assured that you will find me ready to grant you every facility for the convenience of your journey."
(Signed) "DE ALBERON."
Those comprehended in the order were the marquis of Ayerbe, marquis of Guadalcázar, marquis of Faria and Don Antonio Correa, adjutants of the chamber, Don Domingo Ramirez de Arellano, Don Ignacio Molina and Don Pedro S. Sternes, the confessor of the infant Don Carlos, and the acting confessor of the king, Don Blas de Ostoioza, the treasurer of his majesty, Don Fermín de Artleda ; seven footmen, the
overseer, the equerry, one of the gentlemen of the wardrobe of the infant Don Antonio, six cooks and four waiters ; the physician Don John de Fauraguy of the palace and of the family (formerly of the army) Don Antonio Martinez remained for the present, but afterwards received orders to depart, and were afterwards detained at Tolosa ; the intendant of his majesty and highnesses. The counsellor of the revenue, Don Pedro Macanez, has been in prison near Paris, since September last ; a likewise been a prisoner for some months past at Chateauroux—and the adjutant of the chamber, Don Isidro Moutenegro, was removed—the duke Sro Carlos was lately banished to Lons de Somiers. The Spaniards who remained with his majesty, are Don John de Excoquiz—Don Josef Peraltes—two acting servants to each room, including among them Don Antonio Moreno, treasurer of the household—three footmen and two cooks. The sensibility of his majesty at the separation was great. He gave to all tokens of his affection and gratitude for their loyalty and services.
FRENCH ACCOUNT,
Of the flight of Blake's army.
Letter from Gen. Suchet to the Minister of war, dated Alcanez, 19th June.
"Sir—By the battle of Saragossa, this capital was delivered, and General Blake obliged to retire. By that of Belchite, his retreat is changed to a flight, and Arragon is freed from his presence."
"On the evening of the 15th, night put an end to the pursuit. On the 16th the enemy took a stand at Boterica, was driven from thence, and retreated further."
"On the 17th I went in pursuit of him. On the march we picked up 500 men, and 43 officers. We killed a few hundred men. I slept at La Puebla d'Alborton. At 1 in the morning I quit my camp, and present myself before Belchite at day break of the 18th. The 116th and 117th regiments had joined me. The enemy who had received during the night a reinforcement of 4000 men, occupied the heights ; his centre at Calvare, defended by a bridge, and protected by the town, which has a wall and gates ; his left and right behind entrenchments and a convent and almost the whole of the front covered by olive trees and vineyards cut with ravines. I spread out my columns on the plain. I caused a battalion of light infantry to advance towards the centre, among the olive trees, merely to occupy the enemy's tirailleurs ; and whilst General Habert repaired to the left in a column towards the heights between Belchite and Codal, I ordered General Mosnier to march in columns by battalions upon the left of the Spaniards to advance against and charge them instantly, after having broken their line by twenty discharges of cannon."
"This movement was executed with great precision. The 1st battalion of the 114th and the 1st reg. of the Vistula, charged vigorously in the midst of grape-shot. Blake endeavoured to oppose them by charging them with cavalry ; two squadrons of hussars repelled him. At the same instant one of their howitzers wagons was blown up by one of our cannon balls. It burst with a vast report, and spread along the ranks terror and death. The whole line was broken and overwhelmed. It crossed the town in the most dreadful disorder. We crossed it with their men, horses, carriages, cannon, all in confusion. This torrent dragged with it the camp of Calvare, & all the rest of the line. Nalun, who then came forward, accelerated the general flight. The whole plain was covered with fugitives, who threw away their wallets, muskets, and cartridge boxes. Had I more cavalry with me, I could have taken many prisoners."
"One single regiment, the 1st of Valencia succeeded in rallying at above two leagues from the field of battle and attempted to defend themselves. The Hussars of the 5th rushed in among them, and cut them down ; only about two or three hundred were taken. One standard, nine cannon (the last possessed by this army) 23 carriages, 1000 British cartridges, shoes, hats, great coats, as well as 3000 prisoners remain in our power. We have collected more than 3000 muskets. The fields were covered with them. I am now picking them up. We have found immense stocks and magazines of rice and biscuit, and I have burnt 25 wagons of ammunition. I have sent in pursuit of different columns, and I am arrived here at Alcaniz, Calanda, and Caspe. The number of prisoners increase every instant. I have the honor to send you some reports, which show the situation of the hostile army and its chiefs ; I subjoin a sketch of the formation of that army."
"I am about to address a proclamation to the Arragonese."
"My loss in these two affairs scarcely deserves to be mentioned ; and does not exceed 40 dead, and 200 wounded. The Spaniards when once beaten back, quit their positions with so much precipitation, that the fire was not very fatal."
(Signed) "COUNT SUCHET."
[Translated from Le Publiciste of Paris.]
The most distressing intelligence is received at Constantinople from the Holy Land. It is reported that the Armenian inhabitants in the neighborhood of Jerusalem have quarrelled with the Christians there, and proceeded to such extremity that many persons have already lost their lives. It is added that many disasters have happened in the Holy City, and that several Churches have been destroyed.
THE NEWS BROUGHT TO A FOCUS.
The late news from the armies of France and Austria, give a decided victory in favor of the former. The armistice embraces every object contemplated by Bonaparte. This battle decides the fate of the continent of Europe. It puts a stop to the wicked policy of England, in subsidizing nations to fight her battles. Every power which has trusted either to her prowess or honor, has been deceived. There is not a nation left to whom the British can look for sup-

port. They are become mere bankrupts in the courts of Europe. They have enticed by their hirelings every nation to adopt their desperate projects, and every one has not only been deceived, but ruined by listening to them. All nations have been foolish enough to concede to the propositions of our governor Gore, to uncurl their banners in opposition to France. How have they succeeded? They have fallen victims to France, in consequence of being allied with England. The fact is, that while George the III. can stay at home, & make his subjects pay millions to hire foreigners to fight his battles, he will be in favor of war; and while this crazy, blustering John Bull, is lounging at St. James' Park, he will be seeking ways and means to prosecute his mad projects. But Napoleon on the contrary, evinces his sincerity by being willing to hazard his life in every controversy—and Heaven has signally protected him "in the day of battle." If ever a man was apparently under the protection of Providence, as it respects personal safety, it is Bonaparte. Amidst innumerable dangers, not a hair of his head has been injured.
Chron.
Virginia Argus.
RICHMOND.
FRIDAY, OCTOBER 6, 1809.
COMMUNICATED BY A FRIEND, FOR THE ARGUS.
Extract of a letter from a respectable Merchant in Philadelphia, to his friend in the City of Washington, dated September 29th, 1809.
"I have seen letters from Naples and Leghorn, by the Kite, dated the 10th of Aug. from well-informed men, stating that the negotiation was broken off between Armstrong and Hauterive, and that orders had been received at Naples to buy up all the colonial produce in the place."
We understand, from good authority, that an order has been issued from the War Department of the United States, for General Wade Hampton to take the command of the army, and that General Wilkinson is to return to Washington city. The particular cause or object of this arrangement, we have not understood. Rumor, as usual, attributes it to different reasons, some favorable and some unfavorable to the reputation of the commander in chief.
The Boston Repository some time since remarked, that although the democratic prints made a great noise concerning the seizure of the Danish fleet, not one of them had pointed out the nature of the crime with which the English are charged in their bombardment of Copenhagen. The Repository has all the desire without the ability to screen the British ministry from the abhorrence of a justly incensed world. If it be allowable to say any thing with respect to the atrocity of the act in question, after the able protest of a very respectable minority of the English parliament, and more particularly after the able exposition of the flagrant injustice of the transaction made in its parliamentary character by Lord Erskine, we might remark, that:
The attack on Copenhagen and the seizure of the Danish fleet was an outrage on the law of nations, which requires a declaration of war before an attack:
It was peculiarly perfidious towards Denmark, because she was at peace with England, and had no intimation of a hostile intention in the latter until the British fleet was in the sound:
It was introducing the doctrine of highway robbery into the maxims which have long been held sacred among nations, by sanctioning the principle that a neutral power may be justifiably plundered and her citizens murdered in the unsuspecting moments of peace and confidence:
It was a double act of treachery, because the expedition was ostensively destined to assist the Swedes, whom it abandoned, and it attacked the Danes with whom England was in amity:
It was an execrable act, because it broke through the salutary barriers established against barbarism, and introduced buccaneering and barbarian principles into the public law of Europe:
And it was an act which ought sensibly to affect the United States of America, the only remaining neutral power, which might, in some weak point, become the victim of this new British ministerial spirit and logic.
These are brief HINTS, to refresh the memory of the editor of the Repository, who, for further particulars, is referred to the aforesaid exposition of Lord Erskine and his fellow-peers; a document which has been published in the American newspapers, and is worthy of republication at this moment.
PIUS VII.
How poor is he who relies on great men's favors! Poor Pope Pius the seventh, we are told, has been conducted from Rome through the interior of France, like a criminal culprit. When this man was administering to the ambition of Bonaparte, by consecrating his usurpation of the French crown at Paris, and Napoleon was lavishing his flatteries and root's oil upon his holiness, how little could the latter have thought that in so short a space of time as five years, he would be despoiled by that very Bonaparte of all his spiritual and temporal power! One fact, however, tends to prove that Pius himself was not devoid of ambition and worldly affections; for he bore many buffetings of the spirit with much meekness of temper, and never excommunicated the Emperor until Napoleon had despoiled him of his temporal possessions.
The geographical position of the Anglo-Hispano-Portuguese army, and that of the French, agreeably to the last accounts, appears to have been as follows:
The French rear-guard at Santa Olalla, about fifty miles in advance of Madrid, on the Alberche, to the left of the Tagus in the approach to Madrid; the van guard
between Santa Olalla and Talavera de la Reyna, which latter place is on the Tagus and in the possession of the Spaniards.
The advanced division of the Spanish force supposed by general Cuesta to have reached Aranjuez, within 30 miles of Madrid.
A central division of the Spanish forces at Toledo, on the Tagus, 32 miles from Madrid.
Head-quarters of the Anglo-Hispano-Portuguese army at El Bravo, in the neighborhood of Talavera de la Reyna, and contiguous to the field of battle.
By these positions it appears that the design of general Wellesley and Cuesta was to keep the main French force employed on the Alberche whilst, by pursuing the course of the Tagus as far as Aranjuez, and then filing off to the left and following the course of the Manzanares, approach Madrid unexpectedly, which they might expect to find divested of sufficient force to defend it. How far, even if they can reach Madrid, they may be disappointed, we shall probably soon learn.
There are, in General Cuesta's account of his conflict with the French, wherein he appears to claim, a victory, two very singular circumstances:
1. In the combat of the 27th and 28th of July, the French were the assailants.
2. In the same combat, whichsoever side was victorious, the Spaniards and their allies did not pursue.
We merely call the attention of the readers to these facts, leaving them to draw their own inferences.
The Baltimore North American is to be merged in the Federal Republican, another paper of the same genus but of a worse species. Thus it is that one monster swallows up another.
The English account of the battle in Spain throws a little more light upon that affair. It seems that Juan Bull met with the rubbers. The French were not conquered, but only repulsed. The British alone had 1154 men killed and lost, and 3913 wounded. This is confessed in the English official account. It is notorious that the British always put their allies in the most perilous positions; they invariably served the Germans so; and there can be little doubt but they have acted in the same manner with the Spaniards and Portuguese. The English, then, having lost 5067 in killed and wounded, the Spaniards and Portuguese, in all probability, have lost twice as many, whereby the sum total of the Anglo-Hispano-Portuguese army, in killed, wounded, and prisoners, may have been fifteen thousand. This we make a very probable conjecture; taking the English at their word.
The absurdity of the English is very conspicuous in their firing the tower-guns, because they lost 5000 men! By the same rule, if they lose the army they have sent to the Scheldt, they will fire, not only the tower guns, but all the guns in the nation.
The British ministry, emphatically speaking, have subjugated the kingdoms of continental Europe; because they had not paid the Austrians, the Prussians, the Portuguese, and other powers, to put themselves in hostile array against the French emperor, the latter would never have been able to unite in his own person and under his particular individual authority, that immense mass of power by which he has been enabled to subdue all the potentates around him. Will any man of common sense believe, for a moment, that Bonaparte would have ever presumed to overthrow the old Spanish monarchy, if, by the opposition created to him at various times by the English ministry, he had not previously made himself potent enough to conquer Spain?
Amity with Great Britain.
No man will doubt for a moment the sincerity of administration, in its negotiations with Great Britain, if he will reflect that in making a treaty with England, it runs the risk of a war, with, or of exclusion from the ports of
Russia, Denmark, Sweden, France, Spain and Portugal, (which will assuredly be conquered) Italy.
Probably Turkey, In fact, the whole world, except Great Britain.
And, what do the United States run this risk for?
Not for any positive good; but to avoid injustice.
Extract of a letter from our Correspondent at Washington City, dated, Oct. 3d, 1809.
"On Monday, (the 2nd instant,) Mr. Erskine had an audience of leave of the president; and immediately left this city for the eastward. Mr. Jackson was this day received by the president, and presented his credential letter as the successor of Mr. Erskine. The only accounts we have as yet heard of the result of the Maryland elections is very flattering to republicanism. The conflict in that state has been tremendous. It was "rock or nothing" with the federalists. It will not have cost them less, in one way or another, than fifty thousand dollars."
"The federalists have written a great deal about the insincerity of the present administration, (by which I also mean the Jefferson administration,) but what will they say for the sincerity of the English ministry? Canning proposed, (according to the famous "despatch,") what we before rejected and what we never can accept. Knowing this, could the British cabinet have been truly desirous of the restoration of harmony?—Let the Tories answer this question."
FOR THE ARGUS.
CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF PARTIES.
No. I.
TO develop the principles and tendencies of party passions amongst us, would be
to write the history of our country. For an undertaking of such magnitude, supposing that we possessed the necessary qualifications, we have neither leisure nor do we feel any inclination. Our sole object is to glance rapidly over those great revolutions in government as well as in public manners, by which our political complexion may be distinguished. Like a skilful painter, we would endeavor to introduce into the foreground, those principal figures that give a name and character to the piece; and throw into the background those agents and events which, though of a subordinate kind, are necessary to the effect of the whole picture.
The fortunes and characters of nations as well as of individuals, are often determined by that peculiar direction which either education or accident has given to their passions. We have a proof of this in the forbearance of every people under oppression, provided it be sanctioned by time and precedent; and even those goaded on to revolution, still retain a strong attachment to many of the customs and usages of their former government. Hence, ambitious men in making attempts on the liberties of any people, usually begin by professing a profound reverence for pre-existing names and distinctions. Philosophers, may, therefore, continue to ridicule customs and usages; but have we not sufficient proofs of their fatal effects on the rights of mankind?
"To effect a change of government (says a celebrated author) is a work sufficient for the abilities of the greatest legislator; but to overturn all the pre-established habits of the head and heart, to destroy or to reverse the fixed associations, maxims, manners and principles of a civilized community, may be ranked among the most extravagant legends of Greece and Rome." And would not he who expected by his writings, to produce unanimity among the different political parties of this country, engage in an undertaking equally romantic?
Previous to the declaration of American Independence, prior institutions and establishments in religion, policy and manners, had taken place in this country. These were derived fortuitously from those countries from which the greater part of the nation derive their origin.
In the constitution of the English government, upon which model the colonial governments were afterwards formed, there existed distinctions of parties devoted to kings, to nobles, or to priests, and many advocates of their separate privileges; with their persons translated to this country, the prejudices and attachment of their respective parties.
Though an English hierarchy or church-establishment never prospered in this country; yet the persecutions of other religious denominations, gives us sufficient evidence of such an intention. Yet the dissenters of N. England, have had no reason to complain of the bad treatment they experienced elsewhere; they justified at home and in power, the persecutions which they suffered. So true is it that the spirit of bigotry, when supported by the strong arm of law, is every where the same: and though by the revolution in this country, it has been suffered to sink into a state of imbecility, which is mistaken for a change of character; yet this we must attribute to its state of exhaustion, for want of proper aliment, not to any loss of the original principles of its nature.
Of these different sects of the christian religion (for the constitutions of some states as yet tolerate no other, and many of these too in a restricted form) some in the formation of their religious ceremonies and CREEDS, or articles of belief, are more or less attached to repugnancy to government as the original government in which their sect originated, happened to be more or less assimilated to that model. Those who know anything of the times and countries in which different religious sects first sprang up; will understand me when I assert, that all religions in their ecclesiastical discipline, have been assimilated to the genius of the people and governments in which they were at first established.
The catholic religion becoming the religion of the state, under the monarchical and aristocratical governments of the feudal times, partook of the nature of those governments. The Lutheran or Protestant religion, introduced in a similar situation, its hierarchy was established on a similar model. The religion of John Chauvin or Calvin, first propagated in Geneva, assumed an external form, similar to the republican form of the existing government. These exist more or less throughout the U. S. and though the followers of any possess no exclusive privileges; yet it is foolish to assert that the original formation of their doctrines and the received usages of their churches, have no influence on political opinions.
There is another cause of the diversity of opinion that exists in this country, which is entirely attributable to us as the descendants of those nations who compose the British empire.
The identity of language, combined with original prejudices, had for a long time the most powerful influence on the conduct of the people of this country previous to the American revolution. Before that period, G. Britain was looked upon with a sort of mellowed reverence. The tales of the nursery were found in the mouths of our most celebrated characters: and in our state assemblies the delegate was known to retail opinions which he had learned from his grand mother. It was impiety to disbelieve that England did not contain within its small compass, all that was learned, civilized, wise, and sacred in the world: and when we combined those qualifications with the superior bravery which every Englishman acquired from roast-beef and porter, it seemed folly to doubt that one Englishman was superior to twenty Frenchmen; and that in the day of battle he would prove the conqueror.
As for the Frenchman he was necessarily a pop, because he ate nothing but frogs; the Spaniard would kill you for looking cross-eyed; every Scotsman of course must have the itch, because he ate nothing but oat-meal and herrings; and an Irishman was a fool, because he was a catholic and lived upon potatoes.
Vid. Constitut. of N. Jersey. It has been but lately that toleration has been extended even to N. York.
The American war produced a change in public opinion; the sound of Frenchman no longer served like a bugga-bugga, to fright the children; he was found upon trial to have at least the form and qualities of a MAN; that every Scotsman had not the itch, nor every Irishman a fool, nor every Englishman an hero and a demigod.
The revolution itself was the great origin of parties. The descendants of one portion of the British empire never possessed one atom of personal rights; subjected to all the oppression of the worst form of the worst system of feudal tyranny; their fortunes and their lives often depended upon the caprice of their chiefs. These in turn were often sacrificed to the jealousy of their monarchs. Whether it be that the descendants of this nation have no idea of personal freedom, or whether it be that the principle of personal interest is among them combined with a superior sense of personal tranquility, certain it is, that the inhabitants of that country have been the most devoted adherents of the House of Hanover. The fact is, that in the beginning of the American revolution, many born in that country and their descendants here, showed a strong attachment to the royal cause. These adorned their wives and children to the mercy of an irritated enemy, rather than take part in the struggles of American independence. This is a fact of which there exists evidence upon the records of our national history; and I have to add that upon the face of the same records there exists evidence of mercy held out in restoring such to their property and estates upon the final success of a cause to which they had declared themselves hostile. Ungrateful gratitude be one of the strongest principles that influences a generous mind, and therefore we should in justice doubt the less of the frequency of its violation; yet still there are some so uncharitable as to say, that even those to whom this mercy has been extended, at times betray a longing propensity for the restoration of English influence in this country; and sometimes whisper expressions of their regret for our independence.
A. B.
The Thorough Bred English Horse.
WONDER.
WILL STAND the ensuing season at my stable, at Patersville, (formerly Chingach-goo Church) in Amelia county, and will be let to mares at five guineas the season, payable ten dollars the single leap to be paid down, and forty dollars to ensure a mare being in foal; the money for the insurance will be exacted if the property is changed; and in either case one dollar to the groom. Good and extensive pasture gratis, but I will not be responsible for accidents or escapes; mares fed upon reasonable terms, provided the money is sent with them. The season will commence the 1st of March and end the first of August following.
JOHN JETER.
As Wonder is a cripple and cannot conveniently travel, the following statement is added for the information of those who have not seen him, or any of his colts. We the subscribers are of opinion that the English horse (Wonder) is one of the best foal getters in this part of the country; indeed we believe that his foals in general are of a superior size and form.
Richard Pryor, J. H. Claiborne, John North, John Smith, B. Boisseau, Jr. Wm. Cader, Thomas Atkinson, Robert Atkinson, Edward Watkins, R. Claiborne, Braddock Goodwyn, David Boisseau, Peter Manson, J. J. Thweatt, Manson Harwell, T. Thweatt, Armstead Burwell.
In 1796, Wonder then two years old, won the sweepstakes at York, of fifty guineas each, for two years old, colts eight stons, fillies seven stons twelve pounds, six subscribers, beating Lord A. Hamilton's brother to Ratoon, and Mr. Louther's B. C. by Diomed, out of Tulip, twenty to one against the winner. In 1797, when 3 years old, carrying 8 ston 7 lbs at Doncaster he beat Mr. Sitwell's Commodore, eight stons the last half mile for 100 guineas. The same day he received forfeit from Mr. Barker's G. C. Haphazard 8 ston each, 200 guineas each 2 miles. In 1798, he won the great produce subscription at York, of 200 guineas each, five subscribers, four miles. In 1799 he won the sweepstakes at Stamford of ten guineas each, for all ages, beating Mr. Heathcote's Water, eight subscribers, two miles. The same year he ran second in a sweepstakes at York, for twenty guineas each, seven subscribers, two miles, beating Lord A. Hamilton's colt by Walnut, out of Nun, Sir T. Gascoigne's Maid of the Mill, and Abraham Newland, now called the Cock Fighter. In 1800, for the York Oatland's of 60 guineas each, he ran second to Cock Fighter, allowing him 7 pounds, beating Mr. Coodon's Sir Harry, eleven subscribers, two miles. The same year at Doncaster, he beat Sir John Armitage's Tartar, 100 guineas. The same year he challenged Mr. Johnson's Sir Solomon, offering 5 pounds, 500 guineas two miles.
WONDER was lamed in training in 1801, and has never since started. He was bred by Lord Fitzwilliam, is 15 hands 3 inches high, full of bone, very handsome, and free from all natural blemishes. He is a dark chestnut sorrel, and is unquestionably as fine a horse as was ever imported into this country, and of as good a stock; and as a runner he is certainly exhibited well, having beaten Water, Cock Fighter, and Sir Harry, three distinguished races on the English turf. It will be observed that his dam was got by Diomed, and he is perhaps as nearly like his Grand sire as it is possible for one horse to be like another. Wonder covered two seasons in England, the first at two, and the last at five guineas, which strongly indicates his growing reputation as a foal getter. His superior size and good performance as a racer, certainly entitle him to a rank among the best horses in this country.
Wonder was got by Phenomenon; his dam (who was also the dam of Lord Fitz William's Brown Fairy) by Diomed; grand dam by Marske; Young Hag—Salomon's dam by Scrim; Old Hag; Hydra's dam by Crab; Ruby by Chiller, out of Old Ruby by Basto. Phenomenon was got by King Herod; his dam Prenzby by Eclipse; her dam by Engleer; grand dam by Blank—Lass of the Mill by Traveller—Miss Marceless by Greyhound—Partner—Woodcock—Croft's Bay Baro—Marceless.
Brimmer—Dickie Pierson, son of Dodo—worth—Burton's Barb mare—Taken from the General Stud Book.
Twenty dollars will be received, for the season, if paid when the mare is covered. August 31 1809 J. J.
In Richmond Hustings Court, June 12th, 1809
Elizabeth T. Younghusband and Samuel P. Parsons, administratrix and administrator with the will annexed of Pleasant V. Younghusband, deceased—Ralston and Pleasants—Picket, Poffard and Johnston—Thomas Taylor and James Brown, late merchants & partners, under the firm of Taylor and Brown—James Brown, jun. and William Norvell, surviving partners of the late commercial house of Norvell, Watt and Bullock. Pits.
AGAINST
Moses Davis, Prosser and Moncure and George Wm. Smith, Dets.
THIS cause this day came on to be heard on the bill, answer, sundry exhibits filed, and was argued by counsel, in consideration whereof, the court being of opinion that the land conveyed by the said Moses Davis and wife to the defendant George William Smith, was intended to secure the payment of the notes in the possession of the plaintiff, Picket, Poffard and Johnston, and Ralston and Pleasants, on which suits have not been brought—and also of the judgments obtained on the notes which came to the possession of the other plaintiffs, namely, Taylor and Brown, James Brown, Jun. and the surviving partner of the house of Norvell, Watt and Bullock, as well as those taken up by Pleasant V. Younghusband, deceased, in his lifetime, do decree and order that the Geo. W. Smith do proceed to make sale of the lot of land in the bill mentioned, to the highest bidder, upon a credit until the repeal or expiration of the act concerning executions and other purposes, passed 31st January, 1809, taking bond with two good securities for the payment of the purchase money, and read the records of the suit taken to court to advise as far are order, he giving two weeks notice in some one of the newspapers published in the city of Richmond, of the time and place of sale, and returning a report how he has executed this order.
(A Copy)
TH: C. HOWARD, CLK.
PURSUANT to the above decree, the land therein mentioned, which is situated in the county of Henrico, contiguous to the city of Richmond, being the same lot or parcel of land which was conveyed by Richard Adams and Elizabeth his wife, to Moses Davis, by deed dated the 31st day of March, 1807, and bounded as follows: to wit, beginning and running on the road or street leading from the market house in the said city to Du Val's village, N. 4 1/2 W. 4 chains and 32 links to a street 40 feet wide dividing said lot and parcel of land and the land formerly William Cannon's, now John Doyle's, and ending on said street N 89, E. 4 chains and 94 links to the street—thence on the back street S 4 1/2 E. 2 chains 32 links to a corner a rec't 40 feet wide next towards said city, and ending on said street S. 39, W. 4 chains 30 links to the said road to the beginning—with the buildings and improvements thereon consisting of a large framed house, will be sold on the premises, at 4 o'clock, P. M. on Saturday the 21st inst. (October.) The whole land will be divided into lots according to a plan which will be exhibited on the day of sale, and these lots will be sold separately. The sale will commence at 4 o'clock in the evening. GEO. W. SMITH. Oct. 5.
NOTICE.—Will be sold, at next Cumberland Court, to the highest bidder, 238 ACRES OF LAND, lying in Buckingham County, on Ball's Creek. Tons and Joins E. Bolling and John D. D. Terms of sale; one moiety the first day of January next, and the other on the first day of Jan. 1811, with interest from the date if not punctually paid, with a deed of Trust to secure the payment. Mr. E. W. Tread will conduct the sale. C. H. Saunders. Richmond, Oct. 6, 1809. wtd
NOTICE.—A petition will be presented to the next General Assembly, praying that a law may pass for selling the lands of Samuel Dixon, deceased, lying in the county of Hanover. The object of the said in ended sale is to make a more beneficial division of the subject among the subscribers, Mary Richard, Henry St. John Dixon, George Dixon, Jr., Rosanna Dixon and George Dixon, Jr. (who are the only heirs at law of the said Samuel Dixon) than it is believed can otherwise be effected, as the said Samuel Dixon died intestate, and some of the said subscribers are infants, and the said lands not susceptible of an advantageous division. Mary Richard. Henry St. John Dixon. George Dixon. George Dixon, Junr. By their near relation, Rosanna Dixon, John Richard. October 6th, 1809. wtd
BY THE GOVERNOR of the Commonwealth of Virginia, A PROCLAMATION Wherein it is represented to the executive, that a certain Free Mulatto Man, who calls himself Lindsey Johns, charged by a warrant of commitment and on information, with breaking and entering the dwelling house of George Bevil, of the county of Amelia, and a certain heretofore sundry wearing apparel; and by an examining court held for the said county of Amelia, on the 25th of May, 1809, remanded to the jail of the said county for further trial, hath escaped from the said jail. I have, therefore, thought fit, with the advice of the Council of State, to issue this proclamation, hereby offering a reward of fifty dollars, to any person or persons, who shall apprehend and convey to the said jail of the county of Amelia, the said Lindsey Johns—and I do moreover enjoin all officers, civil and military to exert the good office of the commonwealth, to use their best endeavors to apprehend and convey to the jail of Amelia county aforesaid, the said Lindsey Johns, that he may be dealt with as the law directs.
Given under my hand with the seal of the Commonwealth annexed, at Richmond, this 25th day of September, 1809. Signed.
JOHN TYLER.
The said Lindsey Johns had in his possession a free pass certified by the clerk of Goochland. He is a bright mulatto fellow, about six feet high, stout made, and about 24 or 30 years of age.

REMOVAL. THE subscriber has removed near the Bason, where he continues to keep a house of Private Entertainment. He has also for sale, a general assortment of LOCKETS. Likewise sells all kinds of country produce on commission. HEZEKIAH PURYEAR. Richmond, May 17th, 1809. tf N. B. The highest price given for wheat. H. P.
One Thousand Pounds WANTED. FOR their arrest of which, a plantation of 500 acres of valuable land will be given, until the money is refunded. Nearly 100 acres are rich low grounds, now in cultivation; lying on navigable water, the improvements new and very good, in a healthy and desirable country. Enquire of the Printer. September 8, 1809. tf
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD Stolen from me about the 12th of Nov. 1807, a negro man slave, named Cesar, the property of the subscriber. He formerly belonged to Mr. Robert Alexander, of Campbell county, and was bought from him a small boy, in the year 1789. He is now about 6 feet high, one of his big toes is very remarkable, being split with an axe through the nail and nearly as high as the second joint, by that it is much broader and larger than the other. He was accustomed to run James river above the falls. I was informed that he went up James River in a bateeu owned by one Greco, to the other side of the mountains. On delivering him to me or securing him in some jail so that I get him again, shall be paid by me the reward of twenty Dollars. This is to forewarn any person or persons from harboring or concealing him, as they may depend on it that I will prosecute such violators of the law to its full extent. ROBERT MITCHELL. City of Richmond, July 27th, 1809.
NEW MEDICINE STORE. THE Subscribers have recently taken a store, near the Market Bridge, opposite Messrs. White and Shelton's, where they offer for sale a very general assortment of DRUGS & MEDICINES ; a few of which are enumerated, viz: Gum Aloes Patent Medicine. Ammonia Steen's Chemical Opodolice Aqua Foetida Bateman's Drops Arabic British Oil Guaiac Essence Peppermint Gamboge Turlington's Balsam of Life Myrrh Dr. Rawson's Celebrated Itch or Beauty Ointment Opium Shell Lac Copal Tragacanth Aqua Fortis Do. do. Genuine Annatto Ani bilious and Stomachic Bitters Arrow Root Do. do. Worm Powders Camphor Wheaton's Rich Ointment Cochineal Doct. Lee's Genuine Red and Pale Bark Windham Biliou Pills Cream Tartar Anderson's do. Chamomile Flowers Hooper's do. Magnesia Dr. Thomson's Aromatic Tooth Paste Falap Do. Eye Water Ipecac Febriuge Electary for Ague and Fever. Calomel Hinkley's Infalible Remedy for the Piles Tart Emet Do. Cooley's Vegetable Elixir or Cough Drops Essence Rungemot Do. Genuine Spice Bitters. Lemon Spruce Cloves Nutmegs Mace Cassia, &c. &c. &c.
ALSO A general assortment of PAINTS & DYING DRUGS —all of which will be sold as low as at any other store in this city. Medical practitioners and gentlemen who are in the habit of selling medicine in the country, will do well to call. VAIL & ROGERS. Richmond, 29th Aug. 1809.
A BANK NOTE of ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS, was taken from a black boy who called himself James Smith, & says he found it in the street. Not thinking it proper to let the boy keep it. I obtained it for the proper owner, who may have it, on giving satisfactory evidence of his or their right to it and paying the expense of this advertisement. JOHN McDONALD. Richmond, March 10th, 1809. tf
20 Dollars Reward, IS offered for apprehending ANDREW, a negro slave, who about the beginning of this month RUN AWAY from the subscriber residing in the neighborhood of Amelia Court House. Andrew is about thirty years old an intelligent, active, small man, a good house and stable servant, drives a Carriage well, understands a little of Shoemaking, and readily performs any kind of plantation labor. Some years ago he was in the service of Mr. Turner at the Bell Tavern in Richmond, where I believe he generally acted as howler and after wards till last Christmas, was employed by Mr. Henry L. Biscoe of Manchester, in his tobacco stemmery. He has a wife living at the Manchester coal yard, a free mulatto woman named Sukey Hollinger, by whom I have reason to believe he is secreted. I will pay the above reward to any person who will deliver to me the above mentioned slave, or secure him in Jail, so that I get him again. James Henderson. 20th June, 1809. tf
IN COUNCIL, Sept. 19th, 1809. It is advised, that from and after the 1st day of January next, the Auditor be instructed in every case where any claim by virtue of an order or certificate of court is presented to him by a person whose name is not mentioned therein, to require such person to produce also an order or power of Attorney from the individual in whose favor such order or Certificate of court was made, together with an affidavit of one witness at least, certified by a Magistrate or Notary Public, that such individual actually signed and acknowledged the same. And to give general information of this rule, it is advised, that a copy hereof be published in the Virginia Argus, Enquirer, Petersburg Intelligencer, Norfolk Herald, Lynchburg State, Staunton Eagle, and Winchester Gazette, once a week, until the first day of January next. Extract from the Journal, (w.1f) DANIEL L. HYLTON, c. c.
A FEW COPIES OF Burk's History of Virginia IN THREE VOLUMES Are for sale at this office.
FOR SALE —A handsome, second hand, London built CHARIOT, which has been but little used and is in a good state of preservation. Apply to the printer, or to Mr. HUGHES, coach maker, opposite the Old City Tavern, where the carriage may be seen.
NOTICE. —All persons concerned are required to take notice, that we have sold the debts due to the late concerns of Robert Pollok & Co. of Richmond, and of Dunlop Pollok & Co. of Manchester, to Messrs. Tompkins and Murray, of Richmond, and that payments hereafter are to be made to them alone or to those whom they may empower to collect. James & John Dunlop. Petersburg, Sept. 1st. 1809.
THOSE indebted to the late concerns of Dunlop, Pollok & Co. of Manchester, and Robert Pollok & Co. of Richmond, are now requested to come forward and settle their respective balances, as longer indulgence cannot be granted. Lawyers and agents having the collection or settlement of debts due either of the above concerns, will be pleased to forward us statements of the business in their hands. Tompkins & Murray. Richmond, 1st September, 1809. 2u
NOTICE. —Once more, it is hereby requested that those who are indebted to the trustees of the Richmond Academy, do make payment to the subscriber, as the work is now begun, and it is expected that there will be laid from one hundred to one hundred and fifty thousand bricks in the walls of the Academy this fall. He has undertaken the collection by agreement with John Brockenbrough and William W. Hening, the other members of the committee, appointed by a board of trustees: Therefore, it is absolutely necessary that the collector may have as little trouble as possible in the collection, in order to have money in hand, to carry on so laudable an undertaking. ROBT. MITCHELL. City of Richmond, Sept. 7th, 1809. tf
FITZWHYLSONN & POTTER, Book Sellers and Stationers, have just received a very large supply of Fools Cap, Pot and Letter Papers; Latin, French & English school books; Pocket, school and family Bibles; Paper-hangings and bordering; Quills of the first and inferior qualities; Metallic pens; Playing, blank and visiting cards; Ladies and Gentlemen's pocket books; Backgammon tables and Chessboards; Pearl counters; Toothbrushes and Dentifrice; Gold leaf, black lead pencils and water colors; Vocal and instrumental music; Durable Ink, &c. &c. A few new publications, among which are some novels. A great variety of Day Books, Journals and Ledgers, Record and Sheriff's books on hand. Tickets in the Rhode-Island Coal Lottery for sale, at 3 $ 50 cts. each. The price will be shortly raised. The scheme of this Lottery holds out peculiar advantages to the adventurers, as will appear on an examination of it. The drawing will commence shortly. September 15. (5w)
COLUMBIAN MILLS. The subscribers having purchased the Columbian Mills, beg leave to inform the public, they are giving CASH FOR WHEAT AND CORN. P. HAXALL, & Co. Richmond, August 30th, 1809. tf
BLACKSMITH FOR SALE. FOR sale, a most valuable Blacksmith about 30 years of age. He is a stout well disposed negro; and probably inferior to no smith in the State. Enquire of the printer. September, 11th 1809. (3m)
VALUABLE LANDS FOR SALE. The Subscribers wish to dispose of that valuable tract of LAND called FORT LEWIS, lying in the Counties of Botetourt and Montgomery, and containing about 2,600 acres. They also wish to sell 3,180 acres of land lying in the County of Fluvanna, on the south side of the Rivanna river, extending from Col. Cary's line down the river, to within about a mile of Columbia. This last mentioned Land, being in five distinct tracts, will be sold separately or together, as may best suit any person desirous of purchasing. One fourth of the amount being paid in hand, any reasonable credit will be given for the balance. GIBSON & JEFFERSON. Richmond, July 28. tf
THE partnership of BREAM & FOLLET is this day dissolved by mutual consent. All debts due to and from the firm, will be settled by James Bream. (Copy) James Bream. Francis Follet. Richmond, 18th Sept 1809.
JAMES BREAM respectfully informs his friends and the public, that the partnership of Bream & Follet being dissolved, the business will be continued by him—He expects shortly to receive a fresh supply of articles in the IRON-MONGERY and HARDWARE LINE, which, with his present stock on hand, he will sell low for cash, approved paper, or country produce. Richmond, Sept. 19th, 1809. tf
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD. For apprehending an apprentice of the subscriber, who eloped on the 19th inst. named FRANCIS CHILDEERS aged about 20 years, a shoemaker by trade, thin visaged and light complexion, about 5 feet 8 or 9 inches high, much pimpled in the face; had on when he went: a way, a blue cloth coat, a pair of blue Virginia pantaloons, (he may have changed his clothes since.) Whoever will deliver the above apprentice or put him in any Jail, shall receive the above reward. All persons are forewarned harboring him, as they will be dealt with agreeably to law. DAVID LOGAN. Richmond, 27th September, 1809. 5t
THE sale of the abovenmentioned property is postponed until the 23d day of November next, when it will take place at the Bell Tavern, in the city of Richmond, agreeably to the conditions in the above advertisement. EDWARD JOHNSTON, } Trustees. JOHN PROSSER, } Richmond, 28th September, 1809.
BALTIMORE COLLEGE GRAND LOTTERY. TICKETS in the BALTIMORE COLLEGE LOTTERY at $10 50 each, may be had at this office; and prizes in the New York Black River Lottery, taken in payment. The capital prizes in the above lottery are, 3 Prizes of 20,000 dollars 3 10,000 3 5,000 3 2,500 10 1,000, &c. &c. &c. The above lottery will positively commence drawing in Baltimore, on the first Monday in November next, and will continue drawing after the rate of FIFTEEN HUNDRED TICKETS per week, until the whole is completed, and will not be liable to the shortest postponement, under any circumstance whatever. tf The price of tickets will be raised to $11, after Wednesday next. September 14.
JUST PUBLISHED, And for sale at Samuel Pleasants, Jr's Printing Office, between the Bell Tavern and the Market Bridge, Richmond: The Virginia Almanac. FOR THE YEAR
1810, Adapted to the Latitude and Meridian of Richmond; By BENJAMIN BATES; Containing besides the usual astronomical calculations, &c. Remedy for the gout Artificial magnet cure for the tooth and ear ache On Time—a poem Elegant moral sentiment Agricultural Harrowing proved an easy & valuable kind of hoeing, in the broadest husbandry Method of destroying garlic, by a proper succession of crops of grain and grass To destroy worms on apple trees Weyils may be destroyed by tobacco Management of sheep Preservation of cabbage plants, &c. To dairy women Virginia directions for gardening An account of a newly invented spinning machine by a gentleman in S. Carolina, called 'The Columbian Spinspin' Scale of depreciation of paper currency, estab. * Five dollars a gross—50 cents a dozen—5 cents single.
SALE AT AUCTION. —Will be sold, at public auction, on Friday, October 6th, at the HOUSE and LOT, on Shockoe Hill, at present occupied by Mr. John Esnemard, (if not previously disposed of at private sale) The terms will be made known on the day of sale. THOMAS TAYLOR, Auctioneer. September 29th, 1809. 3t
NOTICE. —A petition will be presented to the next General Assembly of Virginia, praying that the money which has been wrongfully paid by Wm. Murray, deceased, and by James and Samuel Murray, since his death, for land tax, may be refunded to the subscribers. James & Samuel Murray, Caroline, Sept. 30th, 1809. 4r
BY virtue of a deed of trust from Andrew Lewis, of the county of Montgomery, will be sold, by the subscribers, to the highest bidder, at the Bell Tavern, in the city or Richmond, upon the 28th day of September next, the following TRACTS OF LAND, with their appurtenances, or so much thereof as may be necessary to pay certain debts, in the said deed of trust mentioned, that is to say—one tract situated in the county of Montgomery, containing 800 acres, being that tract on which the said Andrew Lewis now lives—one other tract adjoining the last mentioned, on the north, containing ten thousand acres—one other tract adjoining the first mentioned, being an inclusive survey, containing seven thousand seven hundred acres—one other tract adjoining the last mentioned at the west end, containing four hundred and fourteen acres—one other tract called the Chesnut Neck, containing three hundred and sixty-six acres—one other tract called Scyenas tract, on Bottom Creek, adjoining the first mentioned tract of eight hundred acres, and containing one hundred and fifty acres—one other tract also adjoining the first mentioned tract, called Prothonous Garden, containing one hundred and twenty eight acres—one other tract adjoining the last mentioned, containing one hundred and thirty acres—one other tract adjoining the inclusive survey of seven thousand seven hundred acres above mentioned, containing eighty acres—one other tract adjoining the same inclusive survey and containing one hundred acres—one other tract lying on both sides of Little River, containing one hundred and fifty acres, on which is situated Hopewell Forge—one other tract adjoining there, containing one hundred and forty acres—one other tract adjoining the same, called the Saw mill tract, containing four hundred and thirty-eight acres—and one other tract adjoining the last mentioned tract, containing one hundred acres—which said several tracts of land are situated in the county of Montgomery. The said sales will be made agreeably to the directions in such cases, of the act of Assembly, passed the 31st day of January, 1809, entitled "an act concerning executions, and for other purposes." EDWARD JOHNSTON, } Trustees. JOHN PROSSER, } N. B. The abovenmentioned property is situated on and about what is generally called the Bent Mountain, and considered a very valuable estate, particularly for grazing. Any one wishing for more particular information, may apply to Charles Johnston, residing in Campbell county, near Lynchburg, or to Robert Pollard, Geo. Pickett, or Gallego, Richard & Co in the city of Richmond. Richmond, July 11th, 1809. tds
THE sale of the abovenmentioned property is postponed until the 23d day of November next, when it will take place at the Bell Tavern, in the city of Richmond, agreeably to the conditions in the above advertisement. EDWARD JOHNSTON, } Trustees. JOHN PROSSER, } Richmond, 28th September, 1809.
LOUISA COUNTY, August Court, 1809. William Ragland, Pleasant Hackett and Lucy his wife, late Lucy Ragland, Thomas Poindexter and Sarah his wife, late Sarah Ragland, Thomas B. Watkins and Ann his wife, late Ann Ragland, John Graves and Mary his wife, late Mary Ragland, James Michie and Henrietta his wife, late Henrietta Ragland, and Nicholas J. Poindexter and Rebecca his wife, late Rebecca Ragland, Plaintiffs, AGAINST Samuel Overton, jr. adm'r. with the will annexed of Samuel Ragland, dec'd. William Cooke, James Nelson, James Michie, Wm. G. Poindexter, ex'r. of Warner H. Broadus, dec'd. Overton Harris, Edward Ragland, Elizabeth Lawrence, adm'x of William Lawrence, dec'd. Thomas Holladay, Thornton Gibson, Nicholas Meriwether and Barnett Moore and James Michie, adm'r. de bonis non of Samuel Ragland dec'd. Defendants. THE defendants Samuel Overton jr. adm'r. with the will annexed of Samuel Ragland, dec'd. Edward Ragland, Nicholas Meriwether and Barnett Moore, not having entered their appearance and given security according to the act of Assembly and the rules of this court and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that they are not inhabitants of this state; On the motion of the plaintiffs by their counsel, It is ordered, that the said defendants, Samuel Overton, jr. adm'r. Edward Ragland and Barnett Moore, do appear here on the second Monday in November next and answer the plaintiffs' bill; and a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in some one of the newspapers printed in the City of Richmond for eight weeks successively, and published at the front door of the court house of this county on some court day. A Copy. JN: POINDEXTER, c. l. c.
FOR SALE, or Exchange, for Land in the lower country, a large Plantation, and one immediately on navigable water will be preferred, if I have to give boot, a large and comfortable house and lot, in the city of Richmond, within one hundred and fifty yards of the Capitol, and next door to the Virginia Bank. There is every convenient out-house for a large family or a boarding house, or tavern. A Smith's Sh. p. 40 feet b. 24, two story, built fire-proof, that is now leased for four years, at $150 per year, and a rent of $300 per year, has frequently been offered for the dwelling house with its conveniences. The whole of the houses and lot is now in as complete repair, and just painted, as any in the city. A liberal barter. I will make, if the land offered, suits me; or I will sell, at one, two and three years credit for all the money except one fourth, which must be in cash or negotiable notes with approved endorsement, payable the first of February next, at which time I will give possession. My house is now ready to receive 20 or 25 boarders, and will certainly be kept as a boarding house until the rising of the next general assembly, as I feel myself under some obligations to my friends who have heretofore favored me with their custom. Every exertion, on my part, will be made use of to give general satisfaction to the gentlemen who may choose to board with me. I also wish to sell a small Farm in Chesterfield, that now rents for 9 per cent. upon what I ask for it, and it is generally believed the bowls of the earth is located with coal, as there is every mark, and the lands in the neighborhood of the coal pits, and situated on the turnpike road, 9 miles from Manchester. I also wish to sell, on a credit, one fifth part of a tract of valuable land, in the upper end of York county, and supposed to contain five or six hundred acres. I also will sell, on a credit, a House and Lot, in the city of Williamsburg, which will be shown to any person that wishes to purchase by applying to Mr. John Coke, of that place. Any person inclined to purchase or exchange for any of the above property, will please to call on me. John P. Shields, September 15. w3t
THE different business concerns, heretofore existing under the firms of JOSEPH MARX & Co. in Richmond, Virginia, ASHER MARX & Co. in New York, and GEORGE MARX & Co. in Manchester, Virginia, are this day dissolved by mutual consent. The partner resident at each place is charged with the settlement of their respective concerns. Those who have demands on either of the above firms, will apply accordingly for payment, and those indebted are requested to settle their accounts without delay. JOSEPH MARX. ASHER MARX. GEORGE MARX. October 2d, 1809.
THE business at Richmond will be continued under the firm of JOSEPH & GEORGE MARX, and at Manchester, under the firm of GEORGE MARX & Co. ASHER MARX having taken Joseph Linsley, into co-partnership, their business will be conducted at New York, under the firm of MARX & LINSLEY. October 24, 1809. tf
M. M. MYERS of this city, and B. M. MYERS, late of Petersburg, have this day renewed their former connexion in business under the firm of M. & B. MYERS. Richmond, 2d Oct. 1809. tf
JUST RECEIVED FROM NEW YORK, AND FOR SALE AT THIS OFFICE, A FRESH SUPPLY OF CHURCH'S & LEE'S GENUINE Patent Medicines. INCLUDING Worm Lozenges, Cough Drops, Restorative Balsam, Hamilton's Elixir, Essence and Extract of Mustard, Hahn's Antiphlogistic Pills, Itch Ointment, Eye Water, Eye Salve, Ague and Fever Drops, Vegetable Lotion, Alternative Pills, Hill's Balsam of Honey, Turlington's Balsam, Anderson's Pills, Antispasmodic or Fit Drops, &c. &c.
THE business at Richmond will be continued under the firm of JOSEPH & GEORGE MARX, and at Manchester, under the firm of GEORGE MARX & Co. ASHER MARX having taken Joseph Linsley, into co-partnership, their business will be conducted at New York, under the firm of MARX & LINSLEY. October 24, 1809. tf
THE business at Richmond will be continued under the firm of JOSEPH & GEORGE MARX, and at Manchester, under the firm of GEORGE MARX & Co. ASHER MARX having taken Joseph Linsley, into co-partnership, their business will be conducted at New York, under the firm of MARX & LINSLEY. October 24, 1809. tf
Penitentiary Store. THE subscriber, Agent for the Penitentiary, offers for sale the following articles, the manufacture of that institution, at very low prices at wholesale and retail. CUT NAILS. Wholesale prices. Retail prices. 3d 13 1-2 cents. 14 1-2 cents per lb. 4 13 14 6 12 13 8 11 12 10 10 1-2 11 1-2 12 10 1-2 11 1-2 20 10 1-2 11 1-2 CUT BRADS. 8d 10 1-2 11 1-2 10 10 11 12 Do. Do. 20 Do. Do. SPRIGS. 3d 39 cts. per lb. 50 per m. 4 22 1-3 67 6 17 84 WROUGHT NAILS 6d 14 15 per lb. 8 13 1-2 14 1-3 10 13 14 12 12 1-2 13 1-2 20 12 13 30 12 13 Broad and narrow Axes, Hatchers, Hoes, Plough Shares and Coulters, Hinges, Wedges, Hammers, Penders, Traces, Stretchers, and Ox Chains;—Bridles, Collars, Halter, Braces, Surcingles, Back Bands, Belly Bands, Breeching, Fire Buckets, &c. &c.
Boots and Shoes. Fair tops, back straps, 8 9 Ditto plain 8 Suwarrows, 7 Half Boots, 5 Mens calf skin shoes lined & bound 10s 6 12s Do. side leather, 7s 6 a 9s Negro shoes (strong russet) 7s 6 a 8s Womens leather shoes, thick soles, 7s 6 Do. do. thin, do. 6s 9 Do. do. slips, 6s 9 Do. Morocco do. 7s 6 Do. do. ties, 4s 6 Girls leather shoes, 4s 6 6s Boys do. 4s 6 7s 6 Any of the above articles made to order left at the Penitentiary Store, second door above the Eagle Tavern. D. J. BURR. Richmond March 22, 1809. 6th July, 1809.—The price of Wrought Nails is raised half a cent per pound, by order of the Executive. D. J. B.
VALUABLE LANDS in Dinwiddie county and LOTS in Petersburg, for sale.—One thousand acres of land, situate on the waters of Gat-Tail creek, in Dinwiddie county, on the southern stage road, about fifteen miles from Petersburg, adjoining the lands of the late Mr. Tompkin Kirby. This tract is well timbered and watered, answers well for tobacco, corn and small grain—not more than one third is cleared. There are all necessary and excellent buildings, for the purpose of cropping, and the accommodation of an overseer and negroes. One third of the purchase money will be required to be paid down and the balance in two or three annual payments, as may be agreed on. The land will be sold in lots, or in one entire tract. Possession can be given in November or December next. Mr. Patrick Vaughan, now residing on the land will show it at any time. If no offer is made by private contract, the said land will be publicly sold on the premises, on the 25th of tober next—when the terms will be particularised. Also several HALF ACRE LOTS, unimproved, on the level soil and contiguous to Powell's tavern, in Petersburg. Terms one cash, one third in six, and one third in nine months—and if not privately disposed of before the 31st of October next, these lots will then be offered at public Auction for sale, before Mr. Powell's door. Any claims against Mr. John Y. Tabb, will be received on account of the first payments. Mr. Robert Buchett and Mr. Archibald Thweat, of Peterburg, and Mr. Ludwell Blackett, of Amelia, are authorised, in the mean time, to treat for any private sale of the above property. FRANCES TABB, for JOHN Y. TABB. July 15, 1809. 3t
DISSOLUTION. —The partnership of THO. MAS and MCKINNEY, and THO. MAS & MCKINNEY & Co. is this day dissolved by mutual consent; all persons having claims against either of the firms will apply to William McKinney for payment; those indebted are requested to come forward and settle their accounts with him, who alone is authorised to receive payment and grant discharges. JOHN THOMAS. WILLIAM MCKINNEY. WILLIAM BALDWIN. Greenhill, Charlotte, Sept. 1st, 1809. 2m
NOTICE. —A petition will be presented to the next General Assembly, praying the passage of a law to vest the commonwealth's right to a certain lot of ground, lying and being in the city of Richmond, known by the No. 554, to the representatives of P. Younghusband, for reasons then and there to be made known. 4w
FOR SALE AT THIS OFFICE, A FEW HANDSOME COPIES OF GIBBON'S DECLINE & FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE; To which is added, (in this edition only) THE VERY INTERESTING LIFE OF THE AUTHOR, written by HIMSELF, Eight Vols, Large Octavo, Price 22 Dollars. tf
Pamphlets, CARDS, HAND-BILLS, LAWYRES, CLERKS & SHERIFFS BLANKS, &c ARE NEATLY AND EXCELLENTLY PRINTED AT THE ARGUS OFFICE.