The Virginia gazette (Williamsburg [Va.]), 1774-11-03 00:00:00

VIRGINIA
GAZETTE.
With the freest ADVICES,
FOREIGN and DOMESTICK.
IN CIVITATE LIBERA LINGUAM MENTEMQUE
LIBERAS ESSE DEBERE. Suet: in Tib. S. 28.
Printed by ALEX. PURDIE, and JOHN DIXON, at the POST OFFICE.
WILLIAMSBURG, November 3.
LAST Sunday Morning arrived in Town, from the General Congress, the Honourable PEYTON RANDOLPH, Esq; Chairman thereof, with Colonel RICHARD BLAND, and BENJAMIN HARRISON, Esq; of Berkeley, two of the Delegates from this Colony. These Gentlemen left Philadelphia the 24th of October, and the Congress was expected to break up in a Day or two, soon after which their whole Proceedings will be published; and in the Meanwhile, for the Satisfaction of the Publick, the Association entered into by that august Body in Behalf of all North America, with their Address to the People of Great Britain, and Memorial to the Inhabitants of the Colonies, are laid before them.
Extracts from the Votes and Proceedings of the AMERICAN CONTINENTAL CONGRESS, held at Philadelphia on the 5th of September 1774; containing an Association, an Address to the People of Great Britain, and a Memorial to the Inhabitants of the British American Colonies. Published by Order of the Congress.
[As the Congress is not yet dissolved, and their whole Proceedings cannot be published for some Time, it was thought advisable forthwith to communicate as much thereof to the Publick, as concerned the Resolutions on Commerce, and the Reasons for such Restrictions.]
THE ASSOCIATION, &c.
W His Majesty's most dutiful and loyal Subjects, the Delegates of the several Colonies of New Hampshire, Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, the Three Lower Counties of Newcastle, Kent, and Sussex, on Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina, deputed to represent them in a Continental Congress, held in the City of Philadelphia on the 5th Day of September 1774, avowing our Allegiance to his Majesty, our Affection and Regard for our Fellow Subjects in Great Britain and elsewhere, affected with the deepest Anxiety, and most alarming Apprehensions at those Grievances and Distresses with which his Majesty's American Subjects are oppressed, and having taken under our most serious Deliberation the State of the whole Continent, and that the present unhappy Situation of our Affairs is occasioned by a ruinous System of Colony Administration, adopted by the British Ministry about the Year 1763; evidently calculated for enslaving these Colonies, and, with them, the British Empire: In Prosecution of which System, various Acts of Parliament have been passed for raising a Revenue in America, for depriving the American Subjects, in many Instances, of the constitutional Trial by Jury, exposing their Lives to Danger, by directing a new and illegal Trial beyond the Seas, for Crimes alleged to have been committed in America; and, in Prosecution of the same System, several late, cruel, and oppressive Acts, have been passed respecting the Town of Boston and the Massachusetts Bay, and also an Act for extending the Province of Quebec, so as to border on the western Frontiers of these Colonies, establishing an arbitrary Government therein, and discouraging the Settlement of British Subjects in that wide-extended Country; thus, by the Influence of civil Principles, and ancient Prejudices, to dispose the Inhabitants to act with Hostility against the free Protestant Colonies, whenever a wicked Ministry shall choose so to direct them.
To obtain Redress of these Grievances, which threaten Destruction to the Lives, Liberty, and Property, of his Majesty's Subjects in North America, we are of Opinion that a Non-importation, Non-consumption, and Non-exportation Agreement, faithfully adhered to, will prove the most speedy, effectual, and peaceable Measure; and therefore we do, for ourselves and the Inhabitants of the several Colonies whom we represent, firmly agree and associate, under the sacred Ties of Virtue, Honour, and Love of our Country, as follows:
First. That from and after the first Day of December next we will not import into British America, from Great Britain or Ireland, any Goods, Wares, or Merchandise whatsoever, or from any other Place, any such Goods, Wares, or Merchandise, as shall have been exported from Great Britain or Ireland; nor will we, after that Day, import any East India Tea from any Part of the World, nor any Molasses, Syrups, Panes, Coffee, or Pimenta, from the British Plantations, or from Dominica, nor Wines from Madeira, or the Western Islands, nor foreign Indigo.
Second. That we will neither import nor purchase any Slave imported after the first Day of December next, after which Time we will wholly discontinue the Slave Trade, and will neither be concerned in it ourselves, nor will we hire our Vessels, nor sell our Commodities or Manufactures to those who are concerned in it.
Third. As a Non-consumption Agreement, strictly adhered to, will be an effectual Security for the Observation of the Non-importation, we, as above, solemnly agree and associate, that, from this Day, we will not purchase or use any Tea imported on Account of the East India Company, or any on which a Duty hath been or shall be paid; and, from and after the first Day of March next, we will not purchase or use any East India Tea whatever: Nor will we, nor shall any Person for or under us, purchase or use any of those Goods, Wares, or Merchandise, we have agreed not to import, which we shall know, or have Cause to suspect, were imported after the first Day of December, except such as come under the Rules and Directions of the tenth Article, hereafter mentioned.
Fourth. The earnest Desire we have not to injure our Fellow Subjects in Great Britain, Ireland, or the West Indies, induces us to suspend a Non-exportation until the tenth Day of September 1775; at which Time, if the said Acts, and Parts of Acts of the British Parliament herein after mentioned, are not repealed, we will not, directly or indirectly, export any Merchandise, or Commodity whatsoever, to Great Britain, Ireland, or the West Indies, except Rice, to Europe.
Fifth. Such as are Merchants, and use the British and Irish Trade, will give Orders, as soon as possible, to their Factors, Agents, and Correspondents, in Great Britain and Ireland, not to ship any Goods to them, on any Pretence whatsoever, as they cannot be received in America; and if any Merchant residing in Great Britain or Ireland shall, directly or indirectly, ship any Goods, Wares, or Merchandise, for America, in Order to break the said Non-importation Agreement, or in any Manner contravene the same, on such unworthy Conduct being well attested, it ought to be made publick; and, on the same being so done, we will not, from thenceforth, have any commercial Connexion with such Merchant.
Sixth. That such as are Owners of Vessels will give positive Orders to their Captains, or Masters, not to receive on Board their Vessels any Goods prohibited by the said Non-importation Agreement, on Pain of immediate Dismission from their Service.
Seventh. We will use our utmost Endeavours to improve the Breed of Sheep, and increase their Number to the greatest Extent; and to that End we will kill them as sparingly as may be, especially those of the most profitable Kind: Nor will we export any to the West Indies, or elsewhere. And those of us who are or may become overstocked with, or can conveniently spare any Sheep, will dispose of them to our Neighbours, especially to the poorer Sort, on moderate Terms.
Eighth. That we will, in our several Stations, encourage Frugality, Economy, and Industry; and promote Agriculture, Arts, and the
Manufactures of this Country, especially that of Wool; and will discountenance and discourage every Species of Extravagance and Dissipation, especially all Horse-racing, and all Kinds of Gaming, Cock-fighting, Exhibitions of Shows, Plays, and other expensive Diversions and Entertainments; and on the Death of any Relation, or Friend, none of us, or any of our Families, will go into any farther Mourning Dress than a black Crape or Riband on the Arm or Hat for Gentlemen, and a black Riband and Necklace for Ladies, and we will discontinue the giving of Gloves and Scarfs at Funerals.
Ninth. That such as are Venders of Goods or Merchandise will not take Advantage of the Scarcity of Goods that may be occasioned by this Association, but will sell the same at the Rates we have been respectively accustomed to do for twelve Months last past; and if any Venders of Goods or Merchandise shall sell any such Goods on higher Terms, or shall in any Manner, or by any Device whatsoever, violate or depart from this Agreement, no Person ought, nor will any of us deal with any such Person, or his or her Factor or Agent, at any Time thereafter, for any Commodity whatever.
Tenth. In Case any Merchant, Trader, or other Persons, shall import any Goods of Merchandise after the first Day of December, and before the first Day of February next, the same ought forthwith, at the Election of the Owner, to be either reshipped or delivered up to the Committee of the County or Town wherein they shall be imported, to be stored at the Risk of the Importer, until the Non-importation Agreement shall cease, or be sold under the Direction of the Committee aforesaid: And, in the last mentioned Case, the Owner or Owners of such Goods shall be reimbursed (out of the Sales) the first Cost and Charges; the Profit, if any, to be applied towards relieving and employing such poor Inhabitants of the Town of Boston as are immediate Sufferers by the Boston Port Bill; and a particular Account of all Goods so returned, stored, or sold, to be inserted in the publick Papers. And if any Goods or Merchandise shall be imported after the said first Day of February, the same ought forthwith to be sent back again, without breaking any of the Packages thereof.
Eleventh. That a Committee be chosen in every County, City, and Town, by those who are qualified to vote for Representatives in the Legislature, whose Business it shall be attentively to observe the Conduct of all Persons touching this Association, and when it shall be made to appear, to the Satisfaction of a Majority of any such Committee, that any Person within the Limits of their Appointment has violated this Association, that such Majority do forthwith cause the Truth of the Case to be published in the Gazette, to the End that all such Foes to the Rights of British America may be publickly known, and universally contemned as the Enemies of American Liberty; and thenceforth we, respectively, will break off all Dealings with him, or her.
Twelfth. That the Committee of Correspondence in the respective Colonies do frequently inspect the Entries of their Customhouses, and inform each other, from Time to Time, of the true State thereof, and of every other material Circumstance that may occur relative to this Association.
Thirteenth. That all Manufactures of this Country be sold at reasonable Prices, so that no undue Advantage be taken of a future Scarcity of Goods.
Fourteenth. And we do farther agree, and resolve, that we will have no Trade, Commerce, Dealings, or Intercourse whatsoever, with any Colony or Province in North America which shall not accede to, or which shall hereafter violate, this Association; but will hold them as unworthy of the Rights of Freemen, and as inimical to the Liberties of their Country.
And we do solemnly bind ourselves, and our Constituents, under the Ties aforesaid, to adhere to this Association until such Parts of the several Acts of Parliament, passed since the Close of the last War, as impose or continue Duties on Tea, Wine, Molasses, Syrups, Panes, Coffee, Sugar, Pimenta, Indigo, foreign Paper, Glass, and Painters Colours, imported into America, and extend the Powers of the Admiralty Courts beyond their ancient Limits, deprive the American Subject of Trial by Jury, authorise the Judge's Certificate to indemnify the Prosecutor from Damages that he might otherwise be liable to from a Trial by his Peers, require oppressive Security from a Claimant of Ships or Goods seized before he shall be allowed to defend his Property, are repealed; and until that Part of the Act of the 12th of George III. Chapter 24th, entitled "An Act for the better securing his Majesty's Dockyards, Magazines, Ships, Ammunition, and Stores," by which any Persons charged with committing any of the Offences therein described in America may be tried in any Shire or County within the Realm, is repealed; and until the four Acts passed in the last Session of Parliament, viz. that for stopping the Port and blocking up the Harbour of Boston, that for altering the Charter and Government of the Massachusetts Bay; and that which is entitled "An Act for the better Administration of Justice, &c." and that "For extending the Limits of Quebec, &c." are repealed. And we recommend it to the Provincial Conventions, and to the Committees in the respective Colonies, to establish such farther Regulations as they may think proper, for carrying into Execution this Association.
The foregoing Association being determined upon by the Congress, was ordered to be subscribed by the several Members thereof; and thereupon, we have hereunto set our respective Names accordingly.
IN CONGRESS, Philadelphia, October 20, 1774.
Signed, PEYTON RANDOLPH, President. John Sullivan, and Nathaniel Folsom, of New Hampshire. Thomas Cushing, Samuel Adams, John Adams, and Robert Treat Paine, of Massachusetts Bay. Stephen Hopkins, and Samuel Ward, of Rhode Island. Eliphalet Dyer, Roger Sherman, and Silas Deane, of Connecticut. Isaac Low, John Alsop, John Jay, James Duane, William Floyd, Henry Weisner, and S. Boerum, of New York. James Kinsey, William Livingston, Stephen Crane, and Richard Smith, of New Jersey. Joseph Galloway, John Dickinson, Charles Humphreys, Thomas Mifflin, Edward Biddle, John Morton, and George Ross, of Pennsylvania. Caesar Rodney, Thomas M'Kean, and George Read, of Newcastle, &c. Matthew Tilghman, Thomas Johnson, William Paca, and Samuel Chase, of Maryland. Richard Henry Lee, George Washington, Patrick Henry, Junior, Richard Bland, Benjamin Harrison, and Edmund Pendleton, of Virginia. William Hooper, Joseph Hewes, and R. Caswell, of North Carolina. Henry Middleton, Thomas Lynch, Christopher Gadsden, John Rutledge, and Edward Rutledge, of South Carolina.
To the PEOPLE of GREAT BRITAIN, from the DELEGATES appointed by the several English Colonies of New Hampshire, Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island, and Providence Plantations, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, the Lower Counties on Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina, to consider of their Grievances, in General Congress, at Philadelphia, September 5, 1774.
FRIENDS, AND FELLOW SUBJECTS, WHEN a Nation, led to Greatness by the Hand of Liberty, and possessed of all the Glory that Heroism, Munificence, and Humanity, can bestow, descends to the ungrateful Task of forging Chains for her Friends and Children, and, instead of giving Support to Freedom, turns Advocate for Slavery and Oppression, there is Reason to suspect the
has either ceased to be virtuous, or been extremely negligent in the Appointment of her Rulers.
In almost every Age, in repeated Conflicts, in long and bloody Wars, as well civil as foreign, against many and powerful Nations, against the open Assaults of Enemies, and the more dangerous Treachery of Friends, have the Inhabitants of your Island, your great and glorious Ancestors, maintained their Independence, and transmitted the Rights of Men, and the Blessings of Liberty, to you their Posterity.
Be not surprised, therefore, that we, who are descended from the same common Ancestors, that we, whose Forefathers participated in all the Rights, the Liberties, and the Constitution you so justly boast, and who have carefully conveyed the same fair Inheritance to us, guaranteed by the plighted Faith of Government, and the most solemn Compacts with British Sovereigns, should refuse to surrender them to Men who found their Claims on no Principles of Reason, and who prosecute them with a Design, that, by having our Lives and Property in their Power, they may, with the greater Facility, enslave you.
The Cause of America is now the Object of universal Attention; it has, at length, become very serious. This unhappy Country has not only been oppressed, but abused and misrepresented; and the Duty we owe to ourselves and Posterity, to your Interest, and the general Welfare of the British Empire, leads us to address you on this very important Subject.
Know then, that we consider ourselves, and do insist that we are, and ought to be, as free as our Fellow Subjects in Britain, and that no Power on Earth has a Right to take our Property from us without our Consent.
That we claim all the Benefits secured to the Subject by the English Constitution, and particularly that inestimable one of Trial by Jury. That we hold it essential to English Liberty that no Man be condemned, unheard, or punished for supposed Offences without having an Opportunity of making his Defence.
That we think the Legislature of Great Britain is not authorised by the Constitution to establish a Religion fraught with sanguinary and impious Tenets, or to erect an arbitrary Form of Government in any Quarter of the Globe. These Rights we, as well as you, deem sacred; and yet sacred as they are, they have, with many others, been repeatedly and flagrantly violated.
Are not the Proprietors of the Soil of Great Britain Lords of their own Property? Can it be taken from them without their Consent? Will they yield it to the arbitrary Disposal of any Man, or Number of Men, whatever? You know they will not.
Why then are the Proprietors of the Soil of America less Lords of their Property than you are of yours? Or why should they submit it to the Disposal of your Parliament, or any other Parliament or Council in the World not of their Election? Can the Intervention of the Sea that divides us cause Disparity in Rights? Or can any Reason be given why English Subjects, who live three Thousand Miles from the Royal Palace, should enjoy less Liberty than those who are three Hundred Miles distant from it?
Reason looks with Indignation on such Distinctions, and Freemen can never perceive their Propriety; and yet, however chimerical and unjust such Discriminations are, the Parliament assert that they have a Right to bind us in all Cases without Exception, whether we consent or not, that they may take and use our Property when and in what Manner they please; that we are Pensioners on their Bounty for all that we possess, and can hold it no longer than they vouchsafe to permit. Such Declarations we consider as Heresies in English Politics, and which can no more operate to deprive us of our Property than the Interdicts of the Pope can divest Kings of Sceptres, which the Laws of the Land, and the Voice of the People, have placed in their Hands.
At the Conclusion of the late War, a War rendered glorious by the Abilities and Integrity of a Minister to whose Efforts the British Empire owes its Safety and its Fame; at the Conclusion of this War, which was succeeded by an ignominious Peace, formed under the auspices of a Minister, of Principles, and of a Family, unfriendly to the Protestant Cause, and inimical to Liberty; we say, at this Period, and under the Influence of that Man, a Plan for enslaving our Fellow Subjects in America was concerted, and has ever since been pertinaciously carrying into Execution.
Prior to this Era, you were content with drawing from us the Wealth produced by our Commerce. You restrained our Trade in every Way that could conduce to your Emolument; you exercised unbounded Sovereignty over the Sea; you named the Ports and Nations to which alone our Merchandise should be carried, and with whom alone we should trade, and though some of these Restrictions were grievous, we nevertheless did not complain; we looked up to you as our Parent State, to which we were bound by the strongest Ties, and were happy in being instrumental to your Prosperity and your Grandeur.
We call upon you, yourselves, to witness our Loyalty and Attachment to the common Interest of the whole Empire. Did we not, in the last War, add all the Strength of this vast Continent to the Force which repelled our common Enemy? Did we not leave our native Shores, and meet Disease and Death, to promote the Success of British Arms in foreign Climates? Did you not thank us for our Zeal, and even reimburse us large Sums of Money, which you confessed we had advanced beyond our Proportion, and far beyond our Abilities? You did.
To what Causes then are we to attribute the sudden Change of Treatment, and that System of Slavery which was prepared for us at the Restoration of Peace.
Before we had recovered from the Distresses which ever attend War, an Attempt was made to drain this Country of all its Money, by the oppressive Stamp Act. Paint, Glass, and other Commodities, which you would not permit us to purchase of other Nations, were taxed; nay, although no Wine is made in any Country subject to the British State, you prohibited our procuring it of Foreigners without paying a Tax, imposed by your Parliament, on all we imported. These, and many other Impositions, were laid upon us most unjustly and unconstitutionally, for the express Purpose of raising a Revenue. In Order to silence Complaint, it was indeed provided that this Revenue should be expended in America, for its Protection and Defence. These Exactions, however, can receive no Justification from a pretended Necessity of protecting and defending us. They are lavishly squandered on Court Favourites and ministerial Dependents, generally avowed Enemies to America, and employing themselves, by partial Representations, to traduce and embroil the Colonies. For the necessary Support of Government here, we ever were, and ever shall be, ready to provide; and whenever the Exigencies of the State may require it, we shall, as we have heretofore done, cheerfully contribute our full Proportion of Men and Money. To enforce this unconstitutional and unjust Scheme of Taxation, every Fence that the Wisdom of our British Ancestors had carefully erected against arbitrary Power has been violently thrown down in America, and the inestimable Right of Trial by Jury taken away in Cases that touch both Life and Property. It was ordained, that whenever Offences should be committed in the Colonies against particular Acts, imposing various Duties and Restrictions upon Trade, the Prosecutor might bring his Action for the Penalties in the Courts of Admiralty; by which Means the Subject lost the Advantage of being tried by an honest uninfluenced Jury of the Vicinage, and was subjected to the sad Necessity of being judged by a single Man, a Creature of the Crown, and according to the Course of a Law which exempts the Prosecutor from the Trouble of proving his Accusation, and obliges the Defendant either to evince his Innocence or to suffer. To give this new Indiciary the greater Importance, and as if with Design to protect false Accusers, it is farther provided, that the Judge's Certificate of there having been probable Causes of Seizure and Prosecution shall protect the Prosecutor from Actions at common Law for Recovery of Damages.

By the Course of our Law, Offences committed in such of the British Dominions in which Courts are established, and justice duly and regularly administered, shall be there tried by a Jury of the Vicinage. There the Offenders and the Witnesses are known, and the Degree of Credibility to be given to their Testimony can be ascertained.
In all these Colonies, Justice is regularly and impartially administered; and yet, by the Construction of some and the Direction of other Acts of Parliament, Offenders are to be taken by Force, together with all such Persons as may be pointed out as Witnesses, and carried to England, there to be tried in a distant Land, by a Jury of Strangers, and subject to all the Disadvantages that result from Want of Friends, Want of Witnesses, and Want of Money.
When the Design of raising a Revenue from the Duties imposed on the Importation of Tea into America had in great Measure been rendered abortive, by our ceasing to import that Commodity, a Scheme was concerted by the Ministry with the East India Company, and an Act passed enabling and encouraging them to transport and vend it in the Colonies. Aware of the Danger of giving Success to this invidious Manoeuvre, and of permitting a Precedent of Taxation thus to be established among us, various Methods were adopted to elude the Stroke. The People of Boston, then ruled by a Governor whom, as well as his Predecessor, Sir Francis Bernard, all America considers as her Enemy, were exceedingly embarrassed. The Ships which had arrived with the Tea were, by his Management, prevented from returning; the Duties would have been paid, the Cargoes landed and exposed to Sale; a Governor's Influence would have procured and protected many Purchasers. While the Town was suspended by Deliberations on this important Subject, the Tea was destroyed. Even supposing a Trespass was thereby committed, and the Proprietors of the Tea entitled to Damages, the Courts of Law were open, and Judges appointed by the Crown presided in them. The East India Company, however, did not think proper to commence any Suits, nor did they even demand Satisfaction either from Individuals or from the Community in general. The Ministry, it seems, officiously made the Case their own, and the great Council of the Nation descended to intermeddle with a Dispute about private Property. Diverse Papers, Letters, and other unauthenticated ex parte Evidence, were laid before them; neither the Persons who destroyed the Tea, or the People of Boston, were called upon to answer the Complaint. The Ministry, incensed by being disappointed in a favourite Scheme, were determined to recur from the little Arts of Finesse to open Force and unmanly Violence. The Port of Boston was blocked up by a Fleet, and an Army placed in the Town; their Trade was to be suspended, and Thousands reduced to the Necessity of gaining Subsistence from Charity, till they should submit to pass under the Yoke, and consent to become Slaves, by confessing the Omnipotence of Parliament, and acquiescing in whatever Disposition they might think proper to make of their Lives and Property.
Let Justice and Humanity cease to be the Boast of your Nation! Consult your History, examine your Records of former Transactions, nay turn to the Annals of the many arbitrary States and Kingdoms that surround you, and show us a single Instance of Men being condemned to suffer for imputed Crimes, unheard, unquestioned, and without even the specious Formality of a Trial, and that too by Laws made expressly for the Purpose, and which had no Existence at the Time of the Fact committed. If it be difficult to reconcile these Proceedings to the Genius and Temper of your Laws and Constitution, the Task will become more arduous when we call upon our ministerial Enemies to justify, not only condemning Men unheard, and by Hearsay, but involving the Innocent in one common Punishment with the Guilty, and, for the Act of thirty or forty, to bring Poverty, Distress, and Calamity, on thirty Thousand Souls, and those not your Enemies, but your Friends, Brethren, and Fellow Subjects.
It would be some Consolation to us if the Catalogue of American Oppressions ended here. It gives us Pain to be reduced to the Necessity of reminding you, that under the Confidence reposed in the Faith of Government, pledged in a Royal Charter from a British Sovereign, the Forefathers of the present Inhabitants of the Massachusetts Bay left their former Habitations, and established that great, flourishing, and loyal Colony. Without incurring, or being charged with a Forfeiture of their Rights, without being heard, without being tried, without Law, and without Justice, by an Act of Parliament their Charter is destroyed, their Liberties violated, their Constitution and Form of Government changed, and all this upon no better Pretence than because in one of their Towns a Trespass was committed on some Merchandise, said to belong to one of the Companies, and because the Ministry were of Opinion that such high political Regulations were necessary to compel due Subordination and Obedience to their Mandates.
Nor are these the only capital Grievances under which we labour. We might tell of dissolute, weak, and wicked Governors having been set over us; of Legislatures being suspended, for asserting the Rights of British Subjects; of needy and ignorant Dependents on great Men advanced to the Seats of Justice, and to other Places of Trust and Importance; of hard Restrictions on Commerce, and a great Variety of lesser Evils, the Recollection of which is almost lost under the Weight and Pressure of greater and more poignant Calamities.
Now mark the Progression of the ministerial Plan for enslaving us. Well aware that such hardy Attempts to take our Property from us, to deprive us of that valuable Right of Trial by Jury, to seize our Persons and carry us for Trial to Great Britain, to blockade our Ports, to destroy our Charters and change our Forms of Government, would occasion, and had already occasioned, great Discontent in all the Colonies, which might produce Opposition to these Measures, an Act was passed to protect, indemnify, and screen from Punishment, such as might be guilty even of Murder, in endeavouring to carry their oppressive Edicts into Execution; and, by another Act, the Dominion of Canada is to be so extended, modelled, and governed, as that, by being disunited from us, detached from our Interests, by civil as well as religious Prejudices, that by their Numbers daily swelling with Catholic Emigrants from Europe, and by their Devotion to Administration, so friendly to their Religion, they might become formidable to us, and on Occasion be fit Instruments in the Hands of Power to reduce the ancient free Protestant Colonies to the same State of Slavery with themselves.
This was evidently the Object of the Act; and in this View, being extremely dangerous to our Liberty and Quiet, we cannot forbear complaining of it as hostile to British America. Superadded to these Considerations, we cannot help deploring the unhappy Condition to which it has reduced the many English Settlers who, encouraged by the Royal Proclamation, promising the Enjoyment of all their Rights, have purchased Estates in that Country. They are now the Subjects of an arbitrary Government, deprived of Trial by Jury, and when imprisoned cannot claim the Benefit of the Habeas Corpus Act, that great Bulwark and Palladium of English Liberty; nor can we suppress our Astonishment that a British Parliament should ever consent to establish in that Country a Religion that has deluged your Island in Blood, and dispersed Impiety, Bigotry, Persecution, Murder, and Rebellion, through every Part of the World.
This being a true State of Facts, let us beseech you to consider to what End they lead. Admit that the Ministry, by the Powers of Britain, and the Aid of our Roman Catholic Neighbours, should be able to carry the Point of Taxation, and reduce us to a State of perfect Humiliation and Slavery, such an Enterprise would doubtless make some Addition to your national Debt, which already presses down your Liberties, and fills you with Pensioners and Placemen. We presume, also, that your Commerce will somewhat be diminished. However, suppose you should prove victorious, in what Condition will you then be? What Advantages, or what Laurels, will you reap from such a Conquest?
May not a Ministry, with the same Armies, enslave you? It may be so, you will cease to pay them: But remember, the Taxes from America, the Wealth, and we may add the Men, and particularly the Roman Catholics, of this vast Continent, will then be in the Power of your Enemies; nor will you have any Reason to expect that, after making Slaves of us, many among us should refuse to assist in reducing you to the same abject State.
Do not treat this as chimerical. Know, that in less than Half a Century the Quitters referred to the Crown, from the numberless Grants of this vast Continent, will pour large Streams of Wealth into the Royal Coffers; and if to this be added the Power of taxing America at Pleasure, the Crown will be rendered independent on you for Supplies, and will possess more Treasure than may be necessary to purchase the Remains of Liberty in your Island. In a Word, take Care that you do not fall into the Pit that is preparing for us.
We believe there is yet much Virtue, much Justice, and much publick Spirit, in the English Nation. To that Justice we now appeal. You have been told that we are seditious, impatient of Government, and desirous of Independence. Be assured that these are not Facts, but Calumnies. Permit us to be as free as yourselves, and we shall ever esteem an Union with you to be our greatest Glory and our greatest Happiness; we shall ever be ready to contribute all in our Power to the Welfare of the Empire; we shall consider our Enemies as our Enemies, and your Interests as our own.
But if you are determined that your Ministers shall wantonly sport with the Rights of Mankind, if neither the Voice of Justice, the Dictates of the Law, the Principles of the Constitution, or the Suggestions of Humanity, can restrain your Hands from shedding human Blood in such an impious Cause, we must then tell you that we never will submit to be Hewers of Wood or Drawers of Water for any Ministry or Nation in the World.
Place us in the same Situation that we were at the Close of the last War, and our former Harmony will be restored.
But lest the same Supineness, and the same Inattention to our common Interest, which you have for several Years shown, should continue, we think it prudent to anticipate the Consequences.
By the Destruction of the Trade of Boston, the Ministry have endeavoured to induce Submission to their Measures. The like Fate may befall us all; we will endeavour, therefore, to live without Trade, and recur for Subsistence to the Fertility and Bounty of our native Soil, which will afford us all the Necessaries and some of the Conveniences of Life. We have suspended our Importation from Great Britain and Ireland; and in less than a Year's Time, unless our Grievances should be redressed, shall discontinue our Exports to those Kingdoms and the West Indies.
It is with the utmost Regret, however, that we find ourselves compelled, by the over-ruled Principles of Self-preservation, to adopt Measures detrimental in their Consequences to Numbers of our Fellow Subjects in Great Britain and Ireland; but we hope that the Magnanimity and Justice of the British Nation will furnish a Parliament of such Wisdom, Independence, and publick Spirit, as may save the violated Rights of the whole Empire from the Devices of wicked Ministers and evil Counsellors, whether in or out of Office, and thereby restore that Harmony, Friendship, and fraternal Affection, between all the Inhabitants of his Majesty's Kingdoms and Territories, so ardently wished for by every true and honest American.
The CONGRESS then resumed the Consideration of the Memorial to the Inhabitants of the British Colonies; and the same being debated by Paragraphs and amended, was approved, and is as follows.
To the INHABITANTS of the COLONIES of New Hampshire, Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island, and Providence Plantations, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, the Counties of Newcastle, Kent, and Sussex, on Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina.
FRIENDS, and FELLOW COUNTRYMEN, WE, the Delegates appointed by the good People of the above Colonies to meet at Philadelphia in September last, for the Purposes mentioned by our respective Constituents, have, in Pursuance of the Trust reposed in us, assembled, and taken into our most serious Consideration the important Matters recommended to the Congress. Our Resolutions thereupon will be herewith communicated to you; but as the Situation of publick Affairs grows daily more, and more alarming, and as it may be more satisfactory to you to be informed by us in a collective Body, than in any other Manner, of those Sentiments that have been approved, upon a full and free Discussion by the Representatives of so great a Part of America, we esteem ourselves obliged to add this Address to these Resolutions.
In every Case of Opposition by a People to their Rulers, or of one State to another, Duty to Almighty God, the Creator of all, requires that a true and impartial Judgment be formed of the Measures leading to such Opposition, and of the Causes by which it has been provoked, or can in any Degree be justified; that neither Affection on the one Hand, nor Resentment on the other, being permitted to give a wrong Bias to Reason, it may be enabled to take a dispassionate View of all the Circumstances, and settle the publick Conduct on the solid Foundations of Wisdom and Justice.
From Councils thus tempered arise the surest Hopes of the Divine Favour, the firmest Encouragement to the Parties engaged, and the strongest Recommendation of their Cause to the rest of Mankind.
With Minds deeply impressed by a Sense of these Truths, we have diligently, deliberately, and calmly, inquired into, and considered, those Exertions both of the legislative and executive Power of Great Britain, which have excited so much Uneasiness in America; and have, with equal Fidelity and Attention, considered the Conduct of the Colonies. Upon the Whole, we find ourselves reduced to the disagreeable Alternative of being silent, and betraying the Innocent, or of speaking out and censuring those we wish to revere. In making our Choice of these distressing Difficulties, we prefer the Course dictated by Honesty, and a Regard for the Welfare of our Country.
Soon after the Conclusion of the late War, there commenced a memorable Change in the Treatment of these Colonies. By a Statute made in the fourth Year of the present Reign, a Time of profound Peace , alledging the "Expediency of new Provisions and Regulations for extending the Commerce between Great Britain and his Majesty's Dominions in America, and the Necessity of raising a Revenue in the said Dominions, for defraying the Expenses of defending, protecting, and securing the same," the Commons of Great Britain undertook to give and grant to his Majesty many Rates and Duties, to be paid in these Colonies. To enforce the Observance of this Act, it prescribes a great Number of severe Penalties and Forfeitures; and, in two Sections, makes a remarkable Distinction between the Subjects in Great Britain and those in America. By the one, the Penalties and Forfeitures incurred there are to be recovered in any of the King's Courts of Record at Westminster, or in the Court of Exchequer in Scotland; and by the other, the Penalties and Forfeitures incurred here are to be recovered in any Court of Record, or in any Court of Admiralty or Vice Admiralty, at the Election of the Informer or Prosecutor.
The Inhabitants of these Colonies, confiding in the Justice of Great Britain, were scarcely allowed sufficient Time to receive and consider this Act, before another, well known by the Name of the Stamp Act , and passed in the fifth Year of this Reign, engrossed their whole Attention. By this Statute, the British Parliament exercised, in the most explicit Manner, a Power of taxing us; and, extending the Jurisdiction of Courts of Admiralty and Vice Admiralty in the Colonies to Matters arising within the Body of a County, directed the numerous Penalties and Forfeitures thereby inflicted to be recovered in the said Courts.
In the same Year, a Tax was imposed upon us, by an Act establishing several new Fees in the Customs. In the next Year, the Stamp Act was repealed; not because it was founded in an erroneous Principle, but, as the repealing Act recites, because "the Continuance thereof would be attended with many Inconveniences, and might be productive of Consequences greatly detrimental to the commercial Interest of Great Britain."
In the same Year, and by a subsequent Act, it was declared, "that his Majesty in Parliament, of Right, had Power to bind the People of these Colonies by Statutes in ALL CASES WHATSOEVER."
In the same Year, another Act was passed for imposing Rates and Duties payable in these Colonies. In this Statute, the Commons, avoiding the Terms of giving and granting, "humbly besought his Majesty that it might be enacted, &c." But, from a Declaration in the Preamble, that the Rates and Duties were "in Lieu of" several others, granted by the Statute first before mentioned for raising a Revenue, and from some other Expressions, it appears that these Duties were intended for that Purpose.
In the next Year (1767) an Act was made "to enable his Majesty to put the Customs, and other Duties in America, under the Management of Commissioners, &c." and the King thereupon erected the present expensive Board of Commissioners, for the express Purpose of carrying into Execution the several Acts relating to the Revenue and Trade in America.
After the Repeal of the Stamp Act , having again resigned ourselves to our ancient un suspicious Affections for the Parent State, and anxious to avoid any Controversy with her, in Hopes of a favourable Alteration in Sentiments and Measures towards us, we did not press our Objections against the above mentioned Statutes made subsequent to that Repeal.
Administration, attributing to trifling Causes a Conduct that really proceeded from generous Motives, were encouraged, in the same Year (1767) to make a bolder Experiment on the Patience of America.
By a Statute, commonly called the Glass, Paper, and Tea Act , made fifteen Months after the Repeal of the Stamp Act , the Commons of Great Britain resumed their former Language, and again undertook to "give and grant Rates and Duties to be paid in these Colonies," for the express Purpose of "raising a Revenue, to defray the Charges of the Administration of Justice, the Support of civil Government, and defending the King's Dominions," on this Continent. The Penalties and Forfeitures incurred under this Statute are to be recovered in the same Manner with those mentioned in the foregoing Acts.
To this Statute, so naturally tending to disturb the Tranquillity then universal throughout the Colonies, Parliament, in the same Session, added another, no less extraordinary.
Ever since the making the present Peace, a standing Army has been kept in these Colonies. From Respect for the Mother Country, the Innovation was not only tolerated, but the Provincial Legislatures generally made Provision for supplying the Troops.
The Assembly of the Province of New York, having passed an Act of this Kind, but differing in some Articles from the Directions of the Act of Parliament made in the fifth Year of this Reign, the House of Representatives in that Colony was prohibited, by a Statute made in the Session last mentioned, from making any Bill, Order, Resolution, or Vote, except for adjourning or choosing a Speaker, until Provision should be made by the said Assembly for furnishing the Troops within that Province, not only with all such Necessaries as were required by the Statute which they were charged with disobeying, but also with those required by two other subsequent Statutes, which were declared to be in Force until the twenty fourth Day of March 1769.
These Statutes of the Year 1767 revived the Apprehensions, and Discents, that had entirely subsided on the Repeal of the Stamp Act ; and, amidst the just Fears and Jealousies thereby occasioned, a Statute was made in the next Year (1768) to establish Courts of Admiralty and Vice Admiralty on a new Model, expressly for the End of more effectually recovering the Penalties and Forfeitures inflicted by Acts of Parliament, framed for the Purpose of raising a Revenue in America, &c.
The immediate Tendency of these Statutes is to cut out the Right of having a Share in Legislation, by rendering Assemblies useless; the Right of Property, by taking the Money of the Colonists without their Consent; the Right of Trials by Jury, by substituting in their Place Trials in Admiralty and Vice Admiralty Courts, where single Judges preside, holding their Commissions during Pleasure; and unduly to influence the Courts of common Law, by rendering the Judges thereof totally dependent on the Crown for their Salaries.
These Statutes, not to mention many others exceedingly exceptionable, compared one with another, will be found, not only to form a regular System, in which every Part has great Force, but also a pertinacious Adherence to that System for subjugating these Colonies, that are not, and from local Circumstances cannot, be represented in the House of Commons, to the uncontrollable and unlimited Power of Parliament, in Violation of their undoubted Rights and Liberties, in Contempt of their humble and repeated Supplications.
This Conduct must appear equally astonishing and unjustifiable, when it is considered how unprovoked it has been by any Behaviour of these Colonies. From their first Settlement, their bitterest Enemies never fixed on any of them a Charge of Disloyalty to their Sovereign, or Disaffection to their Mother Country. In the Wars she has carried on, they have exerted themselves, whenever required, in giving her Assistance; and have rendered her Services, which she has publickly acknowledged to be extremely important. Their Fidelity, Duty, and Usefulness, during the last War, were frequently and affectionately confessed by his late Majesty, and the present King.
The Reproaches of those who are most unfriendly to the Freedom of America are principally levelled against the Province of Massachusetts Bay, but with what little Reason will appear by the following Declarations of a Person, the Truth of whose Evidence, in their Favour, will not be questioned. Governor Bernard thus addresses the two Houses of Assembly, in his Speech on the 24th of April 1762: "The Unanimity and Despatch with which you have complied with the Requisitions of his Majesty require my particular Acknowledgment, and it gives me additional Pleasure to observe that you have therein acted under no other Influence than a due Sense of your Duty, both as Members of a general Empire, and as the Body of a particular Province."
In another Speech, on the 27th of May, in the same Year, he says: "Whatever shall be the Event of the War, it must be no small Satisfaction to us that this Province hath contributed its full Share to the Support of it. Every Thing that hath been required of it hath been complied with, and the Execution of the Powers committed to me for raising the Provincial Troops hath been as full and complete as the Grant of them. Never before were Regiments so easily levied, so well composed, and so early in the Field, as they have been this Year; the common People seemed to be animated with the Spirit of the General Court, and to vie with them in their Readiness to serve the King."
Such was the Conduct of the People of the Massachusetts Bay during the last War. As to their Behaviour before that Period, it ought not to have been forgot in Great Britain, that not only on every Occasion they had constantly and cheerfully complied with the frequent Royal Requisitions, but that chiefly by their vigorous Efforts Nova Scotia was subdued in 1710, and Louisbourg in 1745.
Foreign Quarrels being ended, and the domestick Disturbances that quickly succeeded, on Account of the Stamp Act , being quieted by its Repeal, the Assembly of Massachusetts Bay transmitted an humble Address of Thanks to the King and divers Noblemen, and soon after passed a Bill for granting Compensation to the Sufferers in the Disorder occasioned by that Act.
These Circumstances, and the following Extracts from Governor Bernard's Letters, in 1768, to the Earl of Shelburne, Secretary of State, clearly show with what grateful Tenderness they strove to bury in Oblivion the unhappy Occasion of the late Discords, and with what respectful Reluctance they endeavoured to escape other Subjects of future Controversy. "The House (says the Governor) from the Time of opening the Session to this Day, has shown a Disposition to avoid all Dispute with me; every Thing having passed with as much good Humour as I could desire, except only their continuing to act in addressing the King, remonstrating to the Secretary of State, and employing a separate Agent. It is the Importance of this Innovation, without any Wilfulness of my own, which induces me to make this Remonstrance, at a Time when I have a fair Prospect of having, in all other Business, nothing but Good to say of the Proceedings of the House." "They have acted in all Things, even in their Remonstrance, with Temper and Moderation; they have avoided some Subjects of Dispute, and have laid a Foundation for removing some Causes of former Altercation."
"I shall make such a prudent and proper Use of this Letter as, I hope, will perfectly restore the Peace and Tranquillity of this Province; for which Purpose, considerable Steps have been made by the House of Representatives."
The Vindication of the Province of Massachusetts Bay, contained in these Letters, will have greater Force if it be considered that they were written several Months after the fresh Alarm given to the Colonies by the Statutes passed in the preceding Year.
In this Place, it seems proper to take Notice of the Insinuation in one of these Statutes, that the Interference of Parliament was necessary to provide for "defraying the Charge of the Administration of Justice, the Support of civil Government, and defending the King's Dominions in America."
As to the two first Articles of Expense, every Colony had made such Provision as by their respective Assemblies, the best Judges on such Occasions, was thought expedient, and suitable to their several Circumstances. Respecting the last, it is well known, to all Men the least acquainted with American Affairs, that the Colonies were established, and have generally defended themselves, without the least Assistance from Great Britain; and that, at the same Time of her taxing them by the Statutes before mentioned, most of them were labouring under very heavy Debts, contracted in the last War. So far were they from sparing their Money, when their Sovereign, constitutionally, asked their Aids, that during the Course of that War Parliament repeatedly made them Compenstations for the Expense of those strenuous Efforts, which, consulting their Zeal rather than their Strength, they had cheerfully incurred.
Severe as the Acts of Parliament before mentioned are, yet the Conduct of Administration has been equally injurious and irritating to this devoted Country. Under Pretence of governing them, so many new Institutions, uniformly rigid and dangerous, have been introduced, as could only be expected from incensed Masters, for collecting the Tribute, or rather the Plunder, of conquered Provinces.
By an Order of the King, the Authority of the Commander in Chief, and under him of the Brigadier Generals, in Time of Peace, is rendered supreme in all the civil Governments in America; and thus, an uncontrollable military Power is vested in Officers not known to the Constitution of these Colonies.
A large Body of Troops and a considerable Armament of Ships of War, have been sent to assist in taking their Money without their Consent. Expensive and oppressive Offices have been multiplied, and the Arts of Corruption industriously practiced to divide and destroy. The Judges of the Admiralty and the Vice Admiralty Courts are empowered to receive their Salaries and Fees from the Effects to be condemned by themselves; the Commissioners of the Customs are empowered to break open and enter Houses without the Authority of any civil Magistrate.
* January 21, 1768.
† January 30, 1768.
‡ February 3, 1768.

grate, founded on legal Information. Judges of Courts of Common Law have been made entirely dependent on the Crown for their Commissions and Salaries. A Court has been established at Rhode Island, for the Purpose of taking Colonists to England to be tried. Humble and reasonable Petitions from the Representatives of the People have been frequently treated with Contempt, and Assemblies have been repeatedly and arbitrarily dissolved.
From some few Instances, it will sufficiently appear on what Pretences of Justice those Dissolutions have been founded.
The Tranquillity of the Colonies having been again disturbed, as has been mentioned, by the Statutes of the Year 1767, the Earl of Hillsborough, Secretary of State, in a Letter to Governor Bernard, dated April 22, 1768, censures the "Presumption" of the House of Representatives, for "resolving upon a Measure of so inflammatory a Nature as that of writing to the other Colonies on the Subject of their intended Representation against some late Acts of Parliament;" then declares, that "his Majesty considers this Step as evidently tending to create unwarrentable Combinations, to excite an unjustifiable Opposition to the constitutional Authority of Parliament; and afterwards adds, it is the King's Pleasure, that as soon as the General Court is again assembled, at the Time prescribed by the Charter, you should require of the House of Representatives, in his Majesty's Name, to reject the Resolution which gave Birth to the circular Letter from the Speaker, and to declare their Disapprobation of, and Dissent to, that rash and hasty Proceeding."
If the new Assembly should refuse to comply with his Majesty's reasonable Expectation, it is the King's Pleasure that you should immediately dissolve them."
This Letter being laid before the House, and the Resolution not being rescinded according to the Order, the Assembly was dissolved. A Letter of a similar Nature was sent to other Governors, to procure Resolutions approving the Conduct of the Representatives of Massachusetts Bay to be rescinded also; and the Houses of Representatives in other Colonies refusing to comply, the Assemblies were dissolved.
These Mandates spoke a Language to which the Ears of English Subjects had, for several Generations, been Strangers. The Nature of Assemblies implies a Power and Right of Deliberation; but these Commands, professing the Exercise of Judgment on the Propriety of the Requisitions made, left to the Assemblies only the Election between dictated Submission and the threatened Punishment; a Punishment too founded on no other Act than such as is deemed innocent even in Slaves, of agreeing in Petitions for Redress of Grievances that equally affected all.
The hostile and unjustifiable Invasion of the Town of Boston soon followed these Events, in the same Year; though that Town, the Province in which it is situated, and all the Colonies, from Abhorrence of a Contest with their Parent State, permitted the Execution even of those Statutes, against which they so unanimously were complaining, remonstrating, and supplicating.
Administration, determined to subdue a Spirit of Freedom, which English Ministers should have rejoiced to cherish, entered into a monopolizing Combination with the East India Company, to send to this Continent vast Quantities of Tea, an Article on which a Duty was laid by a Statute that in a particular Manner attacked the Liberties of America, and which therefore the Inhabitants of these Colonies had resolved not to import. The Cargo sent to South Carolina was stored, and not allowed to be sold. Those sent to Philadelphia and New York were not permitted to be landed. That sent to Boston was destroyed, because Governor Hutchinson would not suffer it to be returned.
On the Intelligence of these Transactions arriving in Great Britain, the publick-spirited Town last mentioned was singled out for Destruction, and it was determined the Province it belongs to should partake of its Fate. In the last Session of Parliament, therefore, were passed the Acts for shutting up the Port of Boston, indemnifying the Murderers of the Inhabitants of Massachusetts Bay, and changing their chartered Constitution of Government. To enforce these Acts, that Province is again invaded by a Fleet and Army.
To mention these outrageous Proceedings is sufficient to explain them; for though it is pretended that the Province of Massachusetts Bay has been particularly disrespectful to Great Britain, yet, in Truth, the Behaviour of the People in other Colonies has been an equal "Opposition to the Power assumed by Parliament." No Step, however, has been taken against any of the rest. This artful Conduct conceals several Designs: It is expected that the Province of Massachusetts Bay will be irritated into some violent Action that may displease the rest of the Continent; or that may induce the People of Great Britain to approve the meditated Vengeance of an imprudent and exasperated Ministry.
If the unexampled pacific Temper of that Province shall disappoint this Part of the Plan, it is hoped the other Colonies will be so far intimidated as to desert their Brethren, suffering in a common Cause; and that thus, disunited, all may be subdued.
To promote these Designs, another Measure has been pursued. In the Session of Parliament last mentioned, an Act was passed for changing the Government of Quebec; by which Act, the Roman Catholic Religion, instead of being tolerated, as stipulated by the Treaty of Peace, is established, and the People there deprived of the Right to an Assembly, Trials by Jury, and the English Laws in civil Cases abolished, and instead thereof the French Laws established, in direct Violation of his Majesty's Promise by his Royal Proclamation, under the Faith of which many English Subjects settled in that Province, and the Limits of that Province are extended so as to comprehend those vast Regions that lie adjoining to the northern and western Boundaries of these Colonies.
The Authors of this arbitrary Arrangement flatter themselves that the Inhabitants, deprived of Liberty, and artfully provoked against those of another Religion, will be proper Instruments for assisting in the Oppression of such as differ from them in Modes of Government and Faith.
From the Detail of Facts herein before recited, as well as from authentic Intelligence received, it is clear, beyond a Doubt, that a Resolution is formed, and now is carrying into Execution, to extinguish the Freedom of these Colonies, by subjecting them to a despotick Government.
At this unhappy Period, we have been authorised and directed to meet and consult together for the Welfare of our common Country. We accepted the important Trust with Diffidence, but have endeavoured to discharge it with Integrity. Though the State of these Colonies would certainly justify other Measures than we have advised, yet weighty Reasons determined us to prefer those which we have adopted. In the first Place, it appeared to us a Conduct becoming the Character these Colonies have ever sustained, to perform, even in the Midst of the unnatural Difficulties and imminent Dangers that surround them, every Act of Loyalty; and therefore, we were induced to offer, once more, to his Majesty, the Petitions of his faithful and oppressed Subjects in America. Secondly, regarding with the tender Affection which we knew to be so universal among our Countrymen the People of the Kingdom from which we derive our Original, we could not forbear to regulate our Steps by an Expectation of receiving full Conviction that the Colonists are equally dear to them. Between these Provinces and that Body subsists the social Band which we ardently wish may never be dissolved, and which cannot be dissolved until their Minds shall become indisputably hostile, or their Inattention shall permit those who are thus hostile to persist in prosecuting with the Powers of the Realm the destructive Measures already operating against the Colonists, and, in either Case, shall reduce the latter to such a Situation that they shall be compelled to renounce every Regard but that of Self-preservation. Notwithstanding the Vehemence with which Affairs have been impelled, they have not yet reached that fatal Point. We do not incline to accelerate their Motion, already alarmingly rapid; we have chosen a Method of Opposition that does not preclude a hearty Reconciliation with our Fellow Citizens on the other Side of the Atlantic. We deeply deplore the urgent Necessity that presses us to an immediate Interruption of Commerce, that may prove injurious to them. We trust they will acquit us of any unkind Intentions towards them, by reflecting that we subject ourselves to similar Inconveniences; that we are driven, by the Hands of Violence, into unexperienced and unexpected publick Convulsions, and that we are contending for Freedom, so often contended for by our Ancestors.
The People of England will soon have an Opportunity of declaring their Sentiments concerning our Cause. In their Piety, Generosity, and good Sense, we repose high Confidence; and cannot, upon a Review of past Events, be persuaded that they, the Defenders of true Religion, and the Asserters of the Rights of Mankind, will take Part against their affectionate Protectors in the Colonies, in Favour of our open and their own secret Enemies, whose Intrigues, for several Years past, have been wholly exerted in sapping the Foundations of civil and religious Liberty.
Another Reason that engaged us to prefer the commercial Mode of Opposition arose from an Assurance that this Mode will prove efficacious, if it be persisted in with Fidelity and Virtue; and that your Conduct will be influenced by those laudable Principles, cannot be questioned. Your own Salvation, and that of your Posterity, now depends upon yourselves. You have already shown that you entertain a proper Sense of the Blessings you are striving to retain. Against the temporary Inconveniences
you may suffer from a Stoppage of Trade, you will weigh in the opposite Balance the endless Miseries you and your Descendants must endure from an established arbitrary Power. You will not forget the Honour of your Country, that must, from your Behaviour, take its Title, in the Estimation of the World, to Glory, or to Shame; and you will, with the deepest Attention, reflect, that if the peaceable Mode of Opposition recommended by us be broken, and rendered ineffectual, as your cruel and haughty ministerial Enemies, from a contemptuous Opinion of your Firmness, infolently predict will be the Case, you must inevitably be reduced to choose either a more dangerous Contest, or a final, ruinous, and infamous Submission.
Motives thus cogent, arising from the Emergency of your unhappy Condition, must excite your utmost Diligence and Zeal, to give all possible Strength and Energy to the pacific Measures calculated for your Relief; but we think ourselves bound, in Duty, to observe to you, that the Schemes agitated against these Colonies have been so conducted as to render it prudent that you should extend your Views to the most unhappy Events, and be in all Respects prepared for every Contingency. Above all Things, we earnestly entreat you, with Devotion of Spirit, Penitence of Heart, and Amendment of Life, to humble yourselves, and implore the Favour of Almighty God, and we fervently beseech his Divine Goodness to take you into his gracious Protection.
QUEBEC, September 22.
LAST Sunday Afternoon, about five o'Clock, arrived in the Basin before this City the Ship Canadien, Captain William Abbott, in sixty Days from Cowes, having on Board his Excellency Major General Carleton, Captain General, Governor, and Commander in Chief of the Provinces of Quebec, Lady Maria Carleton, with her two Children, and Lord Viscount Pitt, Son to the Earl of Chatham. They landed on the Beach about six, under a Discharge of Cannon, where they were received by the Lieutenant Governor, the Citizens, and a numerous Concourse of People, who expressed their Joy on the Occasion, by repeated Acclamations of Long live the King. The Regiments in Garrison, under Arms, lined the Streets on both Sides, from the Landing Place to the Castle of St. Lewis, the several Officers paying military Honours to the General as he passed; and in the Evening, the Religious Houses, and many of those of the principal Inhabitants of the upper Town, were handsomely illuminated.
On his Excellency's Landing he was complimented with the following Address, by the Chevalier De Lanaudiere: "Sir, the Arrival of your Excellency in this Province has filled the Minds of the Citizens with Joy and Gratitude, on Account of your known good Disposition towards them. May Heavens grant a long and happy Life to so illustrious a Hero, for which our Prayers are daily offered, and for the Health of your amiable Consort, whom we shall ever hold in the most respectful Remembrance."
At eight o'Clock in the Evening the Chevalier De Lanaudiere illuminated his House, which Example was followed by the other Inhabitants.
TRANSLATION OF THE ADDRESS OF THE CLERGY. To his Excellency GUY CARLETON, Esq; Major General, and Commander in Chief over the Province of Quebec.
SIR, PERMIT us, when we congratulate your Excellency on your happy Return, likewise to felicitate ourselves and the Province on having you for the Protector of our Laws and religious Liberties. History will rank your Name among the bravest of Warriors and the wisest of Politicians, but Gratitude is already imprinted in the Heart of every Canadian. We know with what Firmness you have supported our Interests, and the Testimony you bore of our Fidelity to his most gracious Majesty, and the Parliament. We want Words to express our sincere Gratitude, but the universal Joy, and the fervent Expressions of Allegiance, those publick Demonstrations, on the Moment of your Excellency's Arrival with your worthy Family, are Proofs too convincing to need any Arguments to support them.
Your Name will be ever held in the highest Esteem in Canada, and you will always find the Clergy to be good and faithful Subjects.
JOHN OLIVER, Bishop of Quebec. H. F. GRAVE, Superior of the Seminary. LOUIS AUG. DE GLAPION, Superior General of the Jesuits. EMANUEL CRESPEL, Superior of the Recollets.
To his Excellency GUY CARLETON, Esq; Captain General, and Commander in Chief of the Province of Quebec, &c. &c.
May it please your Excellency,
WE his Majesty's Canadian Subjects in the City of Quebec are deeply impressed with the most lively Gratitude for the Protection your Excellency has afforded us, and the Care and Solicitude you have taken to render us happy and easy call upon us to congratulate you on your happy Arrival in this Metropolis.
Suffer us to express the Satisfaction we feel from the Favour which his Most Excellent Majesty, our sovereign Lord, has conferred on us, by placing you, Sir (who are very justly stiled our Protector and Father) at our Head, to rule over us, to guide and establish the Government of this Province, upon a happy, firm, and lasting Foundation, by putting in Force the Act which his Most Gracious Majesty and his Parliament have been pleased to pass for this Province. We know what we owe to your Excellency alone; the gracious Treatment of his Most Sacred Majesty, and the Parliament, are Obligations we never shall forget, but always acknowledge with the most respectful Gratitude.
We desire, through you, to offer at the Foot of the Throne of our most gracious and beloved Sovereign our Assurances of the most profound Respect, our Attachment, and inviolable Fidelity (confirmed by an Oath) and to assure him that he has no Subjects more faithful or dutiful than the Canadians; and that we will be at all Times, and on all Occasions, ready to sacrifice our Lives and Fortunes in the Defence of his sacred Person, his Crown, his Parliament, and his Arms. Knowing your Prudence, Moderation, Equity, the Uprightness and Goodness of your Heart, we flatter ourselves your Administration will prove propitious to our Wishes; and that your Excellency will be pleased, according to the Tenour of the Act you have obtained in our Favour, to suffer us to participate in the Rights and Privileges of English Citizens.
We shall never cease to offer up our Prayers to Heaven for the Prosperity and Preservation of your Excellency, her Ladyship your illustrious Consort, and your Family, who will for ever be held dear in the Remembrance of the Canadians.
NEWPORT, October 17.
LAST Tuesday arrived here the Ship Charlotte, Captain Rogers, from London, which he left the 15th of August, and brought with him Mr. Samuel Dyre of Boston, who gives this Account of himself: That on the 6th of July last, early in the Morning, he was kidnapped by the Soldiers in Boston, in Consequence of Orders from Colonel Madison, and carried into the Camp, confined in Irons, and kept so till early the next Morning, when he was conveyed on Board the Captain, Admiral Montagu, still in Chains. When he was first confined in the Camp, Colonel Madison asked him who gave him Orders to destroy the Tea; to which he replied, Nobody. The Colonel said he was a damned Liar, it was King Hancock and the damned Sons of Liberty, and if he did not tell he should be sent home in the Ship Captain, where he should be hung like a Dog; then told him to prepare a good Story, as General Gage would come to examine him, &c. but General Gage never did come. He was kept on Board the Admiral's Ship three or four Days, in Irons, before the failed. When the Ship arrived at Portsmouth, Dyre was sent up to London in Irons and examined three Times before Lord North, Lord Sandwich, and the Earl of Dartmouth, respecting the Destruction of the Tea; but finding nothing against him, they sent him back to the Ship in Irons; and when he got on Board again he was discharged, without receiving one Farthing of Wages. He then travelled up to London seventy Miles, having but six Coppers in his Pocket, and made his Complaint to the Lord Mayor, who treated him with great Humanity, as did the Sheriffs of London, and many other Gentlemen; who will supply him with any Sum of Money to carry on a Suit against those Governmental Kidnappers in Boston, in Case he can prove his Charge, for which Purpose he set out for Boston the Day he arrived here. Dyre farther said, he was offered Purse of Guineas in England to accuse certain Gentlemen in Boston with ordering him to help to destroy the Tea. We must leave Time to unfold this dark, very dark Affair of Governmental Kidnapping, which is a true Spawn of Hell, nursed up by the Church of Rome! It is practised almost every Day in France, Spain, Portugal, and almost every other Roman Catholic Country. Mr. Lee, one of the Sheriffs of London, wrote several Letters by Dyre, in his Favour, to some Gentlemen in Boston.
Last Thursday Evening, nine Minutes past seven o'Clock, we had a pretty sensible Shock of an Earthquake, and some think they felt a fainter one between eleven and twelve at Night.
PHILADELPHIA, October 17.
Extract of a Letter from London, August 31, 1774. THE principal Topic of Conversation is the present Rebellion in America, which I believe a great Number here would with to crush with the Iron Hand of Power, while the more sensible and dispassionate Part of the People, viewing with Concern the hasty Steps which Administration has lately taken towards arbitrary Power, consider the Liberties of this Kingdom as essentially interested in the Event of the present Contest, and among even those a Fear prevails that the late Measures have been so cunningly devised, that, what with the Influence of present Self-interest on the one Hand, the unguarded Conduct of some of the Sons of Liberty on the other, and the consequent Mischief of divided Councils throughout the Colonies, America will now be forced into a tacit Surrender of the Rights of taxing themselves. But in this, I ardently with they may be agreeably disappointed; for if that Point is once carried, although they may be indulged in an Extension of some Privileges in Trade, administered as a suave Potum to wash down the fatal Pill , it is not difficult to foresee the Train of ill Consequences which must unavoidably result from an Acquiescence with that odious Principle. A very few Years will introduce a Stamp Office, Excise, Taxes on Windows, and in short every Species of Oppression under which the People of this Country groan. Nothing that they eat or drink, nor even the Light they enjoy, is exempt from Duties to Government; and yet all these are found barely sufficient to support it, and pay the Interest of the immense national Debt, under the Management of Ministers, who, to support their own Power, are obliged to apply the publick Money to destroy the little publick Virtue remaining among them. Under these Circumstances it is really a melancholy Consideration that the only Opposition which in general is given to such destructive Measures is made by Men who do it from a Lust of Power in themselves; which may possibly, nay probably, be applied as mischievously if they should succeed.
The Body of Dissenters seem disposed to attempt a considerable Alteration in the new Parliament; and a good Deal of Pains has, and will be taken, to unite them in it. It is thought by many, that, as they are a numerous Body, the Ministry are very doubtful of being able to oppose them successfully; and in the Conduct of the Americans on the present Occasion is such as may affect the Manufactures and Trade of this Nation. I believe there is no Doubt of a Change of Men and Measures. The Dissenters are in general Friends to Liberty on Principle, and the Manufacturers will become such from Motives that too generally appear to be more cogent. Whatever their Motive may be, the former will be very glad of their Assistance, and this they cannot have except the Americans drive the Royal into their Sides, which I heartily wish them to do as gently as they can, to answer the important Purpose.
Extract of a Letter dated September 6, 1774, by the Rachel, Captain Simmonds, arrived at Philadelphia last Wednesday.
Since we despatched you, we have procured the Intelligence respecting the Affairs at Algiers. The Thames Frigate, just arrived here from Gibraltar on her Way to England, has on Board the British Subjects which she brought from Algiers, by Order of the Court of Great Britain, arising from the Algiers relating to receive Mr. Fraser as our Consul. There are three armed Ships at Sea, and four still remaining in Port; but whether they mean to commence Hostilities, or not, we cannot say.
On Friday last the General Assembly of this Province met here, when EDWARD BIDDLE, Esq; was chosen Speaker.
We have Authority to assure the Publick, that the Reports which have been circulated respecting a neighbouring Governor having wrote to the Ministry, recommending certain hostile Measures against America, are without any just Foundation.
By Captain Taylor, from Barbados, we learn that on the 2d of September they had a very hard Gale of Wind at that Island, which lasted about six Hours, during which most of the Vessels in Carlisle Bay parted their Cables, and drove out to Sea, but returned again without any farther Damage.
WILLIAMSBURG, November 3.
Extract of a Letter from a Gentleman of Fortune and Distinction in the Island of Antigua, to his Correspondent in Virginia.
I AM extremely sorry for the Dispute between England and her Colonies. I think the Bostonians acted rashly, and with they had suffered the Tea to be landed and stored, resolving never to make Use of any of it. However, though they have not acted with all the Prudence they might have done, yet it cannot now be helped, and I hope the other Colonies will stand firmly by them; for if the Parliament carry their Point, and are at Liberty to tax us internally as they please, we are a ruined People, and I shall not after that value my Property at Half so much as I now do. I think the most probable Way to get over this is the Non-exportation and Non-importation Schemes, which no Doubt will very much injure us as well as you for a Time; but it will be better to submit to this than to be totally undone, as we must infallibly be if the People upon the Continent do not resolutely and firmly oppose the wicked Schemes that are laid for their and our Ruin. We can do nothing here as it depends upon you; and if you will buy and us Provisions to save us from perishing, you may keep back Lumber, and prevent us sending any Sugar to England. I shall cheerfully submit to the Loss of a Crop, or any other Inconvenience, for a Time; and I am satisfied, if Things are properly managed one Year, or less, it will be sufficient to oblige the People in England to repeal all the unjust Laws they have passed against us."
Manner of making WHITE SALT in Normandy. From the French.
THE Salters celled on the Sea Shore a muddy Sand, which the high Water has covered, during six or seven Days, and well impregnated with Salt. [By the Periode 6 or 7 Days, it would appear that the Matter to be charged with Salt Water was carried to the Sea Shore on Purpose; but that the Original does not mention.] The impregnated Matter is then thrown into a convenient sloping Trench, the Bottom of which is covered with Straw. Through the Straw the Water filtrates, and is received by Barrels, or other proper Recipients, provided before-hand. The Salt is made of that Water, by boiling in an earthen Furnace, which has four leaden Boilers. [The Bottoms of which are undoubtedly of Iron, or Copper.] When the Water boils, the Froth, which rises abundantly, is carefully skimmed off; and as the Water diminishes more is added, the Skimming being always continued. When it thickens, it is continually stirred with a wooden Instrument, carved at the End, called a Spoon , until the Salt granulates. It is then taken from the Fire to purify. The Purification is effected by throwing it in other Hampers. When it is well dried, it is disposed for a Time in Heaps, and then carried to the Store Room. [An Improvement to the above Method will readily occur to a Virginian : We have Wood in sufficient Plenty. A Hopper, such as we use to drain the Muck of our Ponds, would certainly be preferable to a Trench for draining the Earth of its Salt Water. The Translator presents his best Respects to Mr. TAIT. D. C.
From the UNIVERSAL CATALOGUE for June 1774.
TUCKER'S Bermudian.] The Author of the Poem now before us is, we learn, a very young Candidate for literary Fame. This Performance, indeed, bears the Mark of Juvenility, but it likewise evinces the promising Genius of the Writer; who, if he continues to cultivate, with Ardour, his poetical Powers, will probably soon grow into considerable Favour with the Muses. Our youthful Bard, with filial and paternal Affection, laments his Absence from his Parent Country, and depicts the tender and picturesque Ideas which arise in his Mind, in his Hours of Recollection, when all the Scenery of his native Soil appears before him, in soft, loud, and harmonious Numbers. Monty Riviera.
This Sonnet has been sung before by Waller, in Strains more warm and enthusiastic than seemed compatible with the Genius of that quint and witty Poet. The Beauty, however, of the Scene, and the happy Temperature of the Climate, are sufficient to account for this Impression. Here we find a Poet in whom the Ardour of Youth, the Love of Nature, and the powerful Prepossession for his natural Soil, unite their conspiring Blaze, and animate his Strains with uncommon Force and Tenderness. It is, perhaps, to be wished that an American Poet had enlivened his Descriptions with some of those violent Temp. ts which disturb both the Continent and Islands; but as these occur less frequently in Bermuda, and are less compatible with the Genius of the Poem, we can or wonder that they are omitted; and though this had been a real Fault, the Beauty of the Objects which he paints, the picturesque Manner in which they are delineated, the Propriety and Tenderness of his Sentiments, the Clearness, Force, and Pathos of his Expressions, the Sweetness, Harmony, and Dignity of his Versification, are sufficient to apologize for a Thousand Omissions. Upon the Whole, if this Poem meets with the Reception it deserves, the most sanguine Wishes of a partial Author can scarcely anticipate higher Honour or success. Edinburgh Magazine.

POETS CORNER.
Hark! bark! you young Dogs, there's a Noise in the Nation, The Gown's now issu'd a new Proclamation.
YOU who can read no Doubt remember, That on the first Day of September, ('Twas in a Hurry) I thought fit, To issue forth a proper Wit, To call the General Court together, And meet at SALEM, if good Weather. I thought the Clamours would be over, By the fifth Day of next October; But now Disorders have increas'd, From North to South, from West to East: Refolves, of an uncommon Nature, You all have pass'd, in keenest Satire, In Towns and Counties out of Sight, Which prove you are resolv'd to fight. The Instructions which Bostonians gave, With other Towns, my Notice crave; Each Noise and Word that's out of Season, E'en to a F—t, I deem it Treason: And the disorder'd hapless State Of this sad Province, is so great, That now to me it doth appear Too inexpedient; and I fear, The Court to Salem ne'er shall trot, While People are so curs'd hot. A Session, at some distant Day, Perhaps may tend, without Delay, The King's good Services to crown; The Province may promote its own. I therefore have thought fit, and I wear, My true Intention to declare: I will not meet the Court at Salem, For their sworn Loyalty doth fail them. My Bishops are afraid to travel; Excusing them, the Truth unravel, And hereby I excuse, at large, All Members chosen, and discharge From giving their desir'd Attendance, As I on them place no Dependence. In Spite of all my Writs could say, These Writs you must not now obey. Ye Sheriffs, round about the Counties, Creatures who live upon my Bounties, Go tell your Deputies around, And Constables of every Town, To post this Proclamation whole In Towns that have a Freedom Pole. Given at Boston (now remember) The twenty eighth Day of September, The 14th Year of George's Reign, King of Great Britain, France, and Spain, Of Ireland, and the Cape Good Hope, Defender of the Faith and Pope.
WILLIAMSBURG, November 3.
THIS being the Day on which the GENERAL ASSEMBLY was to meet, agreeable to the Governor's Writs, a considerable Number of the Members attended at the Capitol; but, as his Excellency is not yet arrived from the Army, on the Ohio, his Honour the President, in Conformity to the Governor's Instructions, was pleased, by Proclamation, to prorogue them to Monday next, by which Time it is expected his Excellency will be in Town to open the Session. Extract of a Letter of the 4th of August, from a Native of this Colony now in London, (who has the best Means of Information) to a Gentleman now in this City. I am well convinced, if the Americans tamely submit to the late Acts of Parliament relative to Boston and Quebec, they will, for Half a Century at least, be absolute Slaves. You cannot call that your own which is liable to be seized on, not only for the pretended Necessity of State, but when the Caprice of an abandoned profligate, who will share the Plunder among them, directs it; nor can you think your Lives secure, when you are liable, upon a bare Suspicion, to be seized and sent to this virtuous Country to be tried for any capital Offence, any Creature of this — may choose to charge you with The very wife and just Ones here are in high Spirits, and laugh at American Associations; and indeed I fear the Americans will not have Resolution (I don't mean Bravery, they do not want that, I know) but Forbearance and Virtue enough to deny themselves the Gews-gaws of this Country, and to do the only Thing that can save them, that is, to enter into a solemn League and Covenant, notwithstanding Tommy G—g's Proclamation, not to consume any Article of British Manufactures. This Step would effectually bring about not only a Repeal of those infernal and diabolical Acts of Parliament, but ensure to America, in future, the Lives and Properties at least of her Inhabitants. "Little did we suspect in America, when we were straining every Nerve, and racking our Invention, to raise Money and Men to assist in reducing Canada, that the Canadians, when conquered, would be employed to cut our Throats; yet it is avowedly and notoriously the Scheme, and Orders are actually gone out with General Carleton, the Governor, to embody 4000 French Roman Catholics, to be officered by People of the same Religion, purposely to drive the late tyrannical arbitrary Acts of Parliament down the Throats of those Protestant Americans who aided in conquering them."
Mr. PURDIE, YOU are desired, by the corresponding Committee of Caroline County, to publish in your Gazette the enclosed Apology, made before them and a great Concourse of People, by Mr. Andrew Leckie, Merchant in Port Royal. SAMUEL HAWES, Junior, Clerk of the Committee. CAROLINE, October 26, 1774. To the corresponding Committee of Caroline County.
GENTLEMEN, THE Association is designed to assert and maintain the just and equitable Rights and Privileges of his Majesty's Subjects in America, which the British Parliament, by several late Acts, aim to infringe. It is therefore highly indecent and criminal in any Individual, of whatever Station, to cast any Reflections on the Measure, as it is thought necessary, and is the general Sense of the Gentlemen and good People of Virginia. Notwithstanding these are my Sentiments, it appears, by the Testimony of Men of Character, on their Oath, that immediately after Colonel Edmund Pendleton's Address to the People of Caroline, and the Resolutions of the Association were read to a Company of People convened for the Purpose of acceding to the Association, and of raising Contributions for the City of Boston, I was so unguarded and imprudent as to address myself to a Negro Boy who was present in this indecent Manner, "Pis Jack, turn about my Boy and sign." I confess the Charge, and have no better Excuse to offer for an Expression that appears to be so very contemptuous of Measures which are generally approved than a natural and unhappy Perverseness of Temper, disguised on that Occasion at the Improperity with which those Papers were delivered. There is another heavy Charge I must answer to, the Truth of which I cannot pretend to dispute, as it is supported by the same Kind of Proof as the first, namely, on Oath of Mr. Samuel Hawes, Junior. It is this: When he (Mr. Hawes) applied to Mr. John Gray, Merchant in Port Royal, who was then in Captain Edward Dixon's Store, for what Money he would contribute towards defraying the Expenses of the Delegates, I was full more imprudent, and said, "Damn them all." How such Words should escape from a Person of my Sentiments, who have on many Occasions, both before and after the signing the Association became general, expressed myself as highly pleased with the Choice that was made of the Gentlemen sent from this Colony, I am, even at this Moment,
greatly at a Loss to conceive; and as there was nothing to inflame the constitutional and unguarded Warmth of my Temper, I must suppose, and hope the Publick will allow it probable, that I was either thinking of something else (as Mr. Hawes says I was reading a Newspaper) or that the Words were spoken without Thought or Meaning. It is now my Duty to atone, if possible, for a Demeanor which has too much the Appearance of Contempt of a Measure concerted by a People contending for what is dear to Mankind, their Rights and Liberty. The least I can do is to humbly ask Pardon of the Associations in particular, and the Friends of American Freedom in general; which I voluntarily and sincerely do, in Presence of this Assembly. I must now do Justice to an Individual, a Gentleman of unblemished Character, and a worthy Member of Society, whom I have offended, by propagating a Report of his having purchased, during the last Association, some Cloth of a Price much higher than that to which he was restricted, under some Collusion with his Merchant's agreeing to make an Equivalent in some other Way above the limited Price. The Person accused of this low Evasion is Mr. Walker Taliaferro. I was not base enough to invent the Story myself, but had it from another Person; and, on Inquiry, being satisfied it is groundless, am extremely sorry for being instrumental in spreading it, and hope for his Forgiveness. Having made this open and candid Confession of my Folly, I hope to regain the Favour and good Opinion of the Publick; an Assurance of which would be the greatest Consolation I could have under the unsupportable Weight of publick Censure and publick Hatred — Caroline Court Day, October 13, 1774. ANDREW LECKIE.
WILLIAMSBURG, November 2, 1774. ON Sunday Night last Mrs. Campbell's House was broke open, and two Trunks, containing seventeen or eighteen Changes of Linen (some marked B B, and some S F) besides sundry other Clothes, and four or five Changes belonging to one of our Servants, carried away. One of the Trunks, with several Papers and Tobacco Notes it contained, was found next Morning; but a small Canvas Bag, containing about 12 l. 10 s. in cut Silver, is wanting. FIVE POUNDS will be paid on Delivery of the Trunk that is missing with the Linens, at the Bar of the Raleigh, Mrs. Campbell's, or the Post Office, and no Questions asked, and TWENTY POUNDS on Conviction of the Thief, if the Trunk and Linens do not appear by Sunday. BENNETT BROWNE. SIMON FRASER.
AUGUST 4, 1774. PURSUANT to a Decree of the High Court of Chancery of Great Britain, the Children of James Henry, who was the Nephew of Hugh Henry, late of the Jewel Office, in the Tower of London, Gentleman, who died on the 10th of September 1768, and the Children of Eleanor and Jane, Sisters of the said Hugh Henry, deceased, are peremptorily to come in and claim their Shares of the clear Residue of the personal Estate of the said Hugh Henry, deceased, before Thomas Harris, Esq; one of the Masters of the said Court, at his Chambers in Lincoln's Inn, London, before the 25th Day of March next; or, in Default thereof, they will be excluded the Benefit of the said Decree.
OCTOBER 25, 1774. A PLAN and Estimate for opening the Navigation of Potomack River above the Falls, being approved of by many Persons interested therein, the following Gentlemen are appointed Trustees by the Subscriber, to adjust and settle all Matters relative thereto, viz. George Washington, George Mason, Thomas Mason, Bryan Fairfax, Daniel McCarty, John Carlyle, John Dalton, William Ramsay, Robert Adam, William Ellzey, John Hough, Joseph Janney, Israel Thompson, Samuel Washington, Adam Stevens, Isaac Zane, Robert Rutherford, John Hite, Thomas Rutherford, Abraham Hite, and Joseph Newill, of Virginia, Gentlemen; and Thomas Johnson, Junior, Laurence Jacques, Daniel Carroll, David Rife, Robert Peter, John Murdoch, Thomas Richardson, Thomas Johns, William Deakins, Adam Stuart, Richard Thompson, John Hanson, Charles Beatty, William Beatty, John Cary, Jacob Young, James Marshall, Daniel and Samuel Hughes, Thomas Cresap, Jonathan Hagar, and John Stull, of Maryland, Gentlemen; who are requested to meet at George Town, on Saturday the 12th of November, in Order to elect and choose a small and convenient Number of the Trustees, who shall be a Committee to act for the Whole. — This Meeting is judged to be the more necessary, as the Subscriber is now at Work (with what Hands he has) on the Locks at the lower Falls, on the Maryland Side of the River. (2) JOHN BALENDINE.
WILLIAMSBURG, November 1, 1774. IN Consequence of the Death of Mr. John Wilkins, the Subscriber attends this Meeting to transact the Business of Phipps, Taylor, and Co. Those who have any Demands against the Company, or are indebted to them, are desired to apply to JAMES TAYLOR. (2) It is expected that all who have open Accounts with James and John Taylor will now settle them.
For SALE, UPWARDS of 100 Wt. of excellent WOOL, from English Sheep. Inquire of the Printer.
FALMOUTH, October 26, 1774. I INTEND to leave the Colony soon. (11) JAMES CLELAND.
THIS is to give Notice that I intend to remove from Mecklenburg to James City County, about Christmas next. (2) RICHARD LEIGH.
AMHERST, October 25, 1774. WE shall leave the Colony in a short Time, unless we meet with better Business than we have any Prospect of at present. (11) BENJAMIN POLLARD. DAVID SHEPHERD.
For SALE, THREE Thousand Acres of Land in Amelia, lying on Appomattox and Flat Creeks, whereon is a convenient Dwelling-House forty Feet square, with all necessary Offices, and eight new Barns. The Terms may be known by applying to the Subscriber, on the Premises. EVERARD MEADE.
To be RENTED for a Year, or Term of Years, A VERY convenient Tavern, with Stables, Kitchen, Bake-House, &c. belonging to the Subscriber, in Fredericksburg, convenient to the lower Warehouses, and opposite to Mr. John Glass's Store. For Terms apply to JACOB WHILLY.
For SALE, and may be entered upon any Time in December next, THE Plantation whereon the Subscriber now lives, in the upper End of Hanover County, on the main Road from Williamsburg to Augusta Courthouse, containing about 460 Acres. The Situation of the Place, and its Conveniencies for Trade, both in the mercantile and Ordinary Way, is so well known, that a Description is unnecessary. The Land is good for Grain, and about 45 Acres are now sowed in Wheat; there is on it a good Grist Mill which might easily be turned into a Merchant Mill, on a Stream that never fails in the driest Summers. The Buildings are good, and in good Repair, viz. a large Dwelling-House and Kitchen with Brick Chimneys, a large new Storehouse, Lumber House, a fine Counting House with a Brick Chimney, two new Stables, a large Barn, Ordinary House, &c. The Terms may be known by applying to the Subscriber, on the Premises. JOHN BOSWELL.
To be SOLD on the Premises, to the highest Bidder, for ready Money, on the 1st of December next, by Virtue of a recorded Deed of Trust to Messrs. Dugborn, Murdoch, and Co.
THE Plantation whereon John Clark now lives, in Lunenburg County, containing 300 Acres of Land, which is esteemed well adapted for the Culture of Tobacco, is conscientiously situated to the Church and Courthouse, with every necessary Improvement for the Accommodation of a small Family. A Negro Fellow, and two good Work Horses, will be sold the same Day. HENRY B. LIGHTFOOT.
For SALE, SIX HUNDRED and NINETY SEVEN Acres of fine LAND for Tobacco, Wheat, or Indian Corn, lying on both Sides of Great Blue Stone Creek, in Mecklenburg County, a Mile from Roanoke River, about 100 Acres of which are valuable low Ground; there is on the said Land a good Plantation fresh cleared, sufficient to work eight Hands, an Overseer's House, and four forty Feet Barns. A convenient Time of Payment will be allowed. Whoever inclines to purchase may know the Terms by applying to the Subscriber, in Petersburg. (11) JOHN MARTIN.
To be SOLD, at Loudoun Courthouse, on Monday the 26th Instant (November) if fair, otherwise next fair Day, THIRTY likely NEGROES, consisting of Men, Women, Boys, and Girls, among whom is a Lad that has worked seven Years with a Blacksmith, some House Women who can sew, wash, iron, and spin, two very good Wood Cutters who have been used to cutting and cording Wood for a Furnace, and a good Cart or Waggon Driver. Credit will be given until the 1st of May next, the Purchasers giving Bond with Security, to bear Interest from the Date, if not punctually discharged. JOHN TURBERVILLE.
To be SOLD, to the highest Bidder, on Wednesday the 16th Instant (November) at the Plantation formerly in the Possession of Captain Thomas Holt, deceased, in the County of Dinwiddie.
ALL the said Holt's Estate upon the said Plantation, consisting of three Negroes, Stocks of Cattle, Horses, Sheep, and Hogs, Plantation Utensils, the Crop of Corn, Fodder, &c. — Also to be sold on Wednesday the 23d Instant (November) at the late Dwelling-House of the said Captain Thomas Holt, in Surry County, near Cabin Point, all his Estate in said County, consisting of seven or eight Negroes, among whom is a young Fellow that is a good Carter and Waterman, and a Fellow who is a Cooper, Household and Kitchen Furniture, Stocks of Cattle, Sheep, Horses, and Hogs, the Plantation Utensils, Crop of Corn and Fodder, a small Boat, a Seine, &c. — Credit will be allowed for all Sums above 20 s. until the 20th of November 1775, on giving Bond with good security; but if the Bonds are not discharged by the 1st of December following, they are to bear Interest from the Date. (2) HENRY COCKE, Administrator.
Those who have any Demands against Captain Thomas Holt, deceased, are desired to make known the Nature and Sums of their several Demands, before or at the Days of Sale; and those indebted are requested to make Payment, as soon as possible.
TO BE SOLD from the Subscriber, at Smithfield, Isle of Wight County, on the 18th of October, a LIGHT GRAY HORSE with a Buckskin seated Saddle, the Foretree of which is broke, and a Half Check Bridle. The Horse is about four Feet seven or eight Inches high, and branded on the near Buttock HH in a Piece. He was taken by a vagrant Fellow passing through that Town, a low well set Person, very young to Appearance, and looks as if he was never shaved; had on a Coat trimmed with black Snail about the Collar and Button Holes. Whoever apprehends the said Thief and Horse, so that I get them again, shall have a 1 l. Reward, and if the Horse only 50 s. (11) BARTHOLOMEW LIGHTFOOT.
NEWCASTLE, October 27, 1774. WILLIAM FURBUSH, an Apprentice Lad of mine, proposed to me in July last to buy his Time (having about a Year to serve) as he had been tickly, and impudent it to the Unwholesomeness of this Place. I told him, on giving Bond, with Security, he might have it. He asked Leave, which I granted, to look for Security, but has failed to return or give me the Security required. — The said Furbush is about five Feet six or seven Inches high, wears his own light Hair, has a pale Face, large Teeth, which appear when speaking, and is pretty well stowed with Assurance; his Dress nothing remarkable, except a striped Virginia Cloth Jack Coat. Whoever brings the said Apprentice to me shall have 40 s. if taken within ten, twenty, thirty, or fifty Miles of this Place, and Nine-pence for every Mile above fifty. (11) BENNETT WHITE.
YORK TOWN, November 2, 1774. RUN away from the Subscriber, some Time in August last, a Negro Man named STEPNEY BLUE, who I advertised some Time ago in this Paper, and have not been so fortunate as yet to get him, but have been informed that he has been lately employed by some Gentlemen in Fredericksburg as a Freeman; he has a forged Pass (as I mentioned before) in his Mistress's Name (Sarah Mingham) which gives him Leave to hire himself. He has a free Woman with him, who passes as his Wife. Whoever will apprehend the said Slave, and deliver him to Mr. Seymour Powell in York Town, shall receive 5 l. if taken in this Colony, and 10 l. if in any other. (2) NATHAN YANCEY.
TAKEN up, in Chesterfield, a BAY HORSE six Years old, four Feet nine Inches high, has some White in his Forehead, and branded on the Shoulder I. Potted, and appraised to 16 l. HUMPHREY TAYLOR.
TAKEN up, in — a BAY MARE about ten Years old, four Feet ten Inches high, has several Saddle Spots, her Mane and Foretop roughly cut off, a white Mark across her Belly, and branded on the near Shoulder obscurely, on the near Buttock with a large blotched perpendicular Stroke, an obscure Brand on her off Shoulder, and B (with a Stroke joined to the Middle) on her off Buttock. She had on a large Bell, mended with a Patch under the Staple. Potted, and appraised to 10 l. ANNE NETHERLAND.
TAKEN up, in Amelia, a LIGHT RED STEER, three Feet two Inches high, all four of his Feet white, some White under his Belly, a small white Spot on his Back, his Tail and some part of his Face white, and marked with a Crop and Slit in each Ear. Potted, and appraised to 25 s. (11) THOMAS OUSLEY.
TAKEN up, in Halifax, a BAY MARE three or four Years old, four Feet five Inches high, is a natural Pacer, not docked, but branded on the near Shoulder M. — Also a ROAN MARE about five Years old, four Feet six Inches high, a Blaze in her Forehead, part of her under Lip white, her Mane and Tail light coloured, her hind Feet and Legs white, is a natural Trotter, docked, but no Brand to be seen. She had on a large Bell with a Leather Collar, Potted, and appraised to 10 l. each. FRANCIS TUCKER.
TAKEN up, in Buckingham, a BLACK STEER five Years old, a white Face with some black Spots in it, white under his Belly, all his Legs white, and marked with a Crop and Half Crop in the right Ear, and a Crop and Slit in the left. Potted, and appraised to 3 l. 2 s. 6 d. JOHN STINSON.
TAKEN up, in Fairfax, a small IRON GRAY HORSE about seven Years old, twelve Hands and a Half high, with a Switch Tail, and branded on the near Shoulder TP in a Piece. (11) HUGH DAILEY.

EDENTON, North Carolina, October 25, 1774. As we cannot be indifferent on any Occasion that appears nearly to affect the Peace and Happiness of our Country...
ABIGAIL CHARLTON. F. JOHNSTON. MARGARET CATHCART, ANNE JOHNSTON. MARGARET PEARSON. PENELOPE DAWSON. JEAN BLAIR. GRACE CLAYTON. FRANCES HALL. MARY JONES. ANNE HALL. REBECCA BONDFIELD. SARAH LITTLEJOHN. PENELOPE BARBER. ELIZABETH P. ORMOND. M. PAYNE. ELIZABETH JOHNSTON. MARY BONNER. LYDIA BONNER. SARAH HOWE. LYDIA BENNET. MARION WELLS. ANNE ANDERSON. SARAH MATTHEWS. ANNE HAWGTON. ELIZABETH BRASLEY.
TAKEN up, in Bedford, a LIGHT STRAWBERRY ROAN HORSE, appears to be about fifteen Years old, thirteen Hands two Inches and a Half high, had on a Bell of about two Shillings Value, is undock, and branded on the near Shoulder M. Poted, and appraised to 3l. 10s. (II) JOHN JAMESON.
TAKEN up, in Buckingham, a MOUSE COLOURED BLACK MARE about seven Years old, four Feet five Inches high, two Breaks and a white Spot on her Forehead, a white Spot on her left fore Leg, some White on her near Foot, and a roached Mane and Switch Tail. Poted, and appraised to 7l. 10s. HARDIMAN BAIRD.
TAKEN up, in Amelia, a BRINDLED STEER, appears to be old, four Feet and three Quarters of an Inch high, appears to have been worked, marked with a Crop, Hole, and long Underkeel, in each Ear, and both Ears slit out from the Hole to the End. Poted, and appraised to 3l. (II) JOHN CHAPMAN.
TAKEN up, in Pittsylvania, a WHITE MARE about twelve Years old, four Feet seven or eight Inches high, had on a Bell marked H in a Piece, branded on the near Shoulder X, and on the near Buttock R. Poted, and appraised to 7l. 10s. (II) ROBERT HARSTONE.
DUMFRIES, October 10, 1774. THE JOCKEY CLUB PURSE of 100 GUINEAS will be run for on Tuesday the 28th of November next, which is now fixed for the first Day of the Dumfries Races, the Time formerly appointed being the Day of the Annapolis Races. No Person will be allowed to start a Horse, Mare, or Gelding, for this Purse, but an actual Member of the Club. To carry Weight for Age, viz. three Year Olds to carry six Stone ten Pounds, four Year Olds seven Stone ten Pounds, five Year Olds eight Stone ten Pounds, six Year Olds nine Stone six Pounds, and seven Year Olds ten Stone. On Wednesday the 30th of November will be run for the Town Subscription Purse of 50l. free for any Horse, Mare, or Gelding, on paying the Entrance Money, viz. a Member of the Jockey Club, or a Subscriber to this Purse, forty Shillings, a Non-Subscriber five Pounds. Give and take agreeable to the Rules of Racing. The Horses, &c. that start for either of these Purse, must be entered with the Subscriber, on or before Saturday the 26th of November, when a Certificate of the Age, under the Hand of the Breeder, or his Executors, or Administrators, will be required. The Premiums, agreeable to my former Advertisement, will be allowed for Beef, Mutton, and Veal. RICHARD GRAHAM, Secretary. The Members of the Club are desired to meet on Tuesday the 28th of November.
ON the 10th of December will be exposed to sale the Estate of Leonard Ward, deceased, lying near Kingland Ferry, in Chesterfield County. Twelve Months Credit will be allowed for all Sums above 5l. on giving Bond, with approved Security, to the Executors. RICHARD EGGLESTONE. WILLIAM WALKER.
JUST imported in the Grizzie, Captain Syme, from Glasgow, sundry Packages of Dry Goods, consisting of Irish Linens, Checks, Bedticks, Shalloons, Mens and Womens Stockings, Camblets, &c. &c. to the Amount of 200l. Sterling each Package, which will be sold at a low Advance, for ready Money, or short Credit, by JOHN HAMILTON.
To be SOLD, pursuant to an Act of Assembly, on Monday the 5th of December next, being Prince William Court Day, at the Courthouse, in the Town of Dumfries.
THE Glebe Land of Dunnington Parish, in the said County, adjoining Westwood, the Seat of the Reverend Mr. James Scott, the present Incumbent, situated on Quantico Run, about nine Miles from Dumfries and Aquia; the Soil is good for Wheat or Tobacco, and there may be got some Meadow on the same. Six Months Credit will be given, by the Churchwardens.
To be SOLD, to the highest Bidder, on the 25th of November next, at the Plantation of Doctor Ewen Clements (known by the Name of Lowry's)
ALL the Stocks of CATTLE, HOGS, SHEEP, and HORSES, on the said Plantation; also the Crop of Wheat, and about 4 or 500 Barrels of Indian Corn, Plantation Utensils, and sundry other Things too tedious to mention. And on the 28th of December, being Essex Court Day, will be sold to the highest Bidder, at his late Dwelling-House, in Tappahannock, all the HOUSEHOLD and KITCHEN FURNITURE of said Clements, three valuable HORSES, two RIDING CHAIRS with Harnesses, his MEDICINES and SHOP UTENSILS, and several likely Virginia born SLAVES. Credit will be allowed all Purchasers to the Amount of 40s. until the 20th Day of October 1775, on giving Bond with approved Security to PITMAN CLEMENTS, MERIWETHER SMITH, } Administrators. (4)
ALL Persons who have any Demands against the Estate of the late Doctor Ewen Clements, are desired to make them known as speedily as possible to Meriwether Smith, and the Nature of them, that Provision may be made for Payment; and all Persons indebted to the said Estate are requested to make immediate Payment, as no Indulgence can be given. PITMAN CLEMENTS, MERIWETHER SMITH, } Administrators. (4)
THE Partnership between Robert Hart and John Marshall having expired the 1st of July last, they propose to sell (if not sold between this and Christmas to rent) the Houses and Lots in Hanover Town now in the Possession of Robert Hart, conveniently situated, and fitted up for publick Business, or a private Family. Also the Storehouses, &c. possessed by John Marshall, in Louisa; and after the Expiration of Colonel William Johnson's Lease, the Ordinary and Land in his Possession. The Terms may be known by applying to the Subscribers, who earnestly request the Favour of all their Debtors to be as speedy as possible in their Payments, or at least in making their Settlements, where the first cannot be done. ROBERT HART. JOHN MARSHALL.
To be SOLD, or CHARTERED for any Port in Europe, or the West Indies.
THE Ship Westover, Mr. John Stevens Commander, Burthen 504 Hogheads of Tobacco, or about 13,500 Bushels of Wheat. For Terms apply to RICHMOND, October 25, 1774. PATRICK COUTTS.
Just imported, in the Bland, Captain Danby, and to be SOLD by the Subscriber, in Williamsburg.
A FRESH Assortment of MILLINERY, consisting of Babs, Brussells, and Minionet Laces, Blond and Black Laces, Edgings of all Sorts, Stomachers and Sleeve Knots, Caps of all Kinds, also a compleat Assortment of JEWELLERY, Silks and Satins, White and Coloured Gentlemens fashionable Silk Hose, Childbed Linen, Baskets, Pincushions, and Cradle Quilts, Ladies Riding Hats, Childrens Do. Gresham's best Calimanco and Satin Shoes, Suits of Dresden Work, and a Number of other Articles, all new. M. HUNTER.
To be SOLD by the Subscriber, on reasonable Terms, for ready Money.
EUROPEAN GOODS, &c. well assorted, and suitable to the Season. Also Red and White WINES, West India and Northward RUM, SUGAR, COFFEE, CASTILE SOAP, SPERMACETI CANDLES, OLIVES, CAPERS, ANCHOVIES, &c. &c. Likewise a Schooner Pilot Boat about four Years old, in good Condition, and very commodiously fitted for Passengers. For Terms, apply to me in Norfolk. JAMES INGRAM.
To be SOLD.
AN exceeding neat and strong one HORSE CHAIR (to carry two People) on Steel Springs, with a Leather Head and Apron, lined with light coloured Cloth, and Curtains of the same, with Brass Caps to the Wheels, and Harness complete; made by Barnard, Coachmaker in London, only two Years ago, and very little the worse for Wear. Enquire of Mr. Craig, Saddler, in Williamsburg.
For CHARTER, or private SALE.
THE Ship Neptune, Archibald White Master, Burthen about 400 Hogheads, or 10,000 Bushels. For Terms, apply to the Subscribers in Norfolk. ANTHONY WALKER. JOHN LAWRENCE. (6)
To be SOLD, to the highest Bidder, for ready Money, or Tobacco, on Monday the 14th of November, at Louisa Courthouse, being Court Day.
A TRACT OF LAND lying on Cuffey's Creek, containing by Estimation 590 Acres. This Land was purchased by William Temple of the Executors of John Ragland, deceased, and by him sold to Benjamin Pynes; and is now offered for Sale, by Virtue of a Deed of Trust from said Pynes to OVERTON COSBY, and Co.
For SALE, at publick Vendue, at Goochland Courthouse, the 21st of November, being Court Day.
FIVE HUNDRED Acres of Land lying in said County, and adjoining the Land of Josiah Payne. Bond and approved Security will be required. RICHMOND, October 22, 1774. JOSHUA STORRS.
For SALE by Auction, between the Hours of three and five in the Afternoon, on Thursday the 17th of November next, at William Bradley's Tavern in Petersburg.
A LOT No. 27, on the new Street in the said Town, with a Dwelling-House, and other Buildings thereon, occupied by William Beattie, Merchant. The Buyer to deposit 25 per Cent. of the Purchase Money immediately, which shall be forfeited if the Remainder is not paid on the 1st Day of January following, when it may be entered on; soon after which Time, I intend to leave the Colony. (II) JOSEPH ELAM.
FORTY SHILLINGS Reward.
FOR apprehending RALPH, a Virginia born Negro Man, at about 23 Years old, five Feet eight or ten Inches high, well made, and of a yellowish Complexion; had on, when he went away (the Beginning of last Month) a blue Fearnought Waistcoat, white Cotton Breeches, Canvas Shirt, and coarse Felt Hat. He took other Clothes with him, and perhaps may change his Dress. He is an artful Negro, and will endeavour to pass for a free Man. Whoever delivers him to Mr. George Turner, at Mose's Neck, in Caroline County, or to the Subscriber in King & Queen, shall have the above Reward, and reasonable travelling Expenses allowed. RICHARD CORBIN, Junior. LANEVILLE, October 25, 1774.
WILLIAMSBURG, October 27, 1774.
FOR the Information of all whom it may concern, I give this publick Notice that James McDonald (or M c Daniel) Labourer, Edward Sweny, Butcher, Edward Lupton, Shoemaker, and Patrick Ryan, were, on the 17th Day of this present Month, brought to the Bar of the General Court, then sitting, to take their Trials, for a supposed Murder by them committed in Pittsylvania County, where they were apprehended. Ryan was sworn as a Witness; and the other three, being convicted of Manslaughter, were burnt in the Hand. It appearing to the Court that they were accused of a Certain Felony in the Province of North Carolina, they were remanded to Jail. They were transported to this Country as Convicts, and have been in the Possession of Mr. John Hook, Merchant in Bedford, who sold or consigned them to Mess rs . Chambers and Montgomery, Merchants in Salisbury, North Carolina, whence they fled from Justice—M c DONALD (or M c Daniel) is 20 Years old, has short brown curled Hair, thin Visage, blue Eyes, of a slender Make, and about 5 Feet 5 Inches high—SWENY is of M c Daniel's Height, 32 Years old, has short dark Hair, blue Eyes, a downcast Look, and is well made—LUPTON is 25 Years old, has dark short Hair, blue Eyes, thin Visage, of a slender Make, 5 Feet 10 Inches high, and is a very saucy impertinent Fellow—RYAN is 25 Years old, has dark short Hair, hazel Eyes, long Visage, a full Beard, and is 5 Feet 4 Inches high. They are all Irishmen—I shall be ready to deliver them to any Person, or Persons, who may make a proper Application. PETER PELHAM, Jailer.
TAKEN up, in Botetourt, a DARK BAY MARE three Years old, about fourteen Hands high, a natural Pacer, and branded on the near Shoulder S. PETER EVENS.
TAKEN up, in Botetourt, a CHESTNUT SORREL MARE twelve or thirteen Years old, about thirteen Hands high, and branded on the near Shoulder IH, on the Buttock FM in a Piece, and on the off Shoulder something like a Swivel Stirrup Iron. JOHN NEELY. (II)
Just Imported, and to be SOLD cheap for ready Money, by the Subscriber in Francis Street, Williamsburg.
FINE Bottled Porter, Taunton Beer, Gloucester Cheese, Negro Plains, Kendal Cottons, Plain and Striped Blankets, Fine Lustreings of different Patterns, Turkey Clothes, Patterns for Mens Surtout Coats, with Trimmings to each, Mens fine and coarse Hats, Velvet bound Hats with Roses, Mens Boots, Womens and Childrens Leather Shoes, Mens Gloves, Womens fine French Kid Gloves, Guns, Silver mounted and plain Pistols, Saddles complete, Whips, Hair Brooms and Brushes, Wool and Playing Cards, Horn Lanthorns, Plaistering Trowels, Sets of Types for marking of Linen, Checks and Striped Holland, Pepper, Allspice, Ginger, Paper Hangings for Rooms, Best Durham Mustard, Blue and White Water Jugs, Chamber Pots, Quart and Pint Mugs, Milk Pans, Sage and Balm Tea Pots, Coffin Furniture, Half Seating for Chairs, MANATTES, Glass Salts, Vinegar Cruits, Salt, &c. &c. BENJAMIN BUCKTROUIT.
FIVE POUNDS Reward.
RUN away from the Subscriber, at Richmond, the 10th Instant (October) two Scotchmen, Servants, viz. JAMES McLEAN about 28 Years of Age, five Feet ten Inches high, stout made, and has lost one of the Fingers of his right Hand; his Apparel, at the Time of his absconding, was a Parson-gray coloured Coat and Jacket much worn, black Plush Breeches, and a coarse Felt Hat bound—PATRICK McGUIRE, by Trade a Smith and Farrier, about 45 Years of Age, five Feet seven Inches high, thick made of a rascally Aspect, and much addicted to Drink; his Apparel was a blue Coat much worn, green Jacket, blue Plush Breeches, and coarse Felt Hat bound. Whoever secures the above Servants in any of his Majesty's Jails, so that I get them again, shall have the above Reward. (2) SAMUEL WOOD.
WILLIAMSBURG, October 19, 1774.
RUN away from the Subscriber, last Monday, a Negro Woman named DOLLY, the Property of Colonel Philip Johnson, but has been hired to me, by the Trustees, for almost four Years. I suspect she is harboured at one of Colonel Johnson's Quarters. I will give 10s. Reward to any Person who will deliver her to me, in Williamsburg, and I hereby forewarn all Persons from harbouring her at their Peril. THOMAS SKINNER.
The Subscriber having just set up the SHOEMAKING Business, in a House the Back of the Raleigh Tavern, and got a Quantity of very fine Boot Legs, with a Number of English and Philadelphia Calf Skins, and good Workmen, should be glad to serve Gentlemen and others, on short Notice, for ready Money only. I shall be much obliged to those indebted to me to make Payment this Meeting, as I may be enabled to pay my Creditors; those who fail may expect that as soon as Law takes Place I shall put such Accounts as are not paid into an Attorney's Hands, which will be very disagreeable to me.
COMMITTED to the Jail of Isle of Wight
County, a Man and Woman supposed to be runaway from Maryland. The Man calls himself JAMES GORDON, is about five Feet nine Inches high, by Trade a Dyer, of a dark Complexion, and has short brown Hair; had on a light coloured Sagathy Coat, a raised Cotton Waistcoat, dirty Leather Breeches, white Thread Stockings, plated Buckles, and Country made Shoes. The Woman says she is his Wife, and is about five Feet four Inches high, thick made, of a ruddy Complexion, and supplant Tongue; had on a black Silk Bonnet, red printed Linen Gown, blue Shalloon Petticoat, and white Shoes. They say they were born in Scotland (and speak the Dialect of that Country) and came over in the Molly, Captain Lament, and landed at Oxford, in Maryland, about six Months ago, and have a Receipt from the Captain as a Discharge, which is supposed to be forged. They tell different Tales when separated, and are strongly suspected of an Attempt to force a Gentleman's Desk in this Neighbourhood, and were strolling about without any Occupation. If any Person claims an Interest in them, they are desired to apply and pay Charges. MICAJAH WILLS, Jailer.
CUMBERLAND COUNTY, September 28, 1774.
THE Subscriber, after a series of Misfortunes, unnecessary to enumerate here, requests to meet his Creditors at Richmond Fair, the second Thursday in November, when he hopes that those Persons who have any Demands against him will appear with their proper Vouchers in Order to compound, as he is desirous to make all the Satisfaction his Abilities will admit of, equally among those to whom he is justly indebted. Those who do not appear that Day, or authorise some Person to transfer their Business, may not trouble themselves to make farther Application, as all the Satisfaction he can give his Creditors will be at that Time. HARTWELL MACON.
YORK TOWN, October 12, 1774.
THE Subscriber has for Sale two Pair of exceeding fine MILLSTONES, for ready Money, or short Credit; one Pair four Feet ten Inches diameter, the other four Feet six Inches. The Price will be very low, considering the Goodness of the Stones. WILLIAM CARY.
DUMFRIES, October 5, 1774.
THE Subscriber has for Sale a Parcel of Mens and Womens LEATHER and CALIMANCO SHOES, to the Amount of about 250l. Sterling, well assorted, in Casks of about 50l. Sterling each, also some NEGRO SHOES, that will be disposed of on very reasonable Terms, by A. CAMPBELL.
Just Imported, and to be SOLD by the Subscriber in Williamsburg, the following Articles, viz.
IRISH Linens, Dark Grounded fine Irish Calicoes, White Satin, Minionet, Blond, and Black Lace, Silk Petticoats, Satin, Stuff, and Leather Didbury's Shoes, Gauze, Catgut, and Ribands, Silk, Cotton, and Thread Stockings, Sheneal of all Colours, Net Hoods, Patent Net Do. and Aprons, Rolls and Curls, Ladies and Gentlemens Gloves, Tambour Sword Knots, Gilt and other Writing Paper, Under Worsted and Thread Stockings, a large Assortment of Ladies elegant Caps, fine Irish Garters and Wafers, Black Silk Patterns, Violet Hair Powder, Powder Puffs and Hair Pins, Fine Lawn and Silk Pocket Handkerchiefs, Wash Balls, White and Coloured Trimmings for Ladies Sacks, Freemason Sashes and Brooches, Satin Cloaks, Hats and Bennets, Dresden Worked Ruffles, Childrens Stockings, Shaving Powder, Fans, French Beads, Silk Gloves and Mitts, Childrens Shoes and Stays, Flannel Waistcoats, New Rose Bags, Paste Necklace, Earrings, Sprigs, and Pins, Pearl, Garnet, Paste, and Plain Gold Lockets, Sets of Paste Buttons for Ladies Stomachers and Sleeve Knots, Foilstone, Paste, Silver, Pinchbeck, and Mourning Buckles, Paste and Silver Stock and Knee Buckles, Gold and Pebble Sleeve Buttons, Coral and Bells, Silver Teapoons, Salt Shovels, Punch Ladies, Tea Tongs and Thimbles, Ladies Riding Hats and Whips, Toothpick Cases, Inside and Outside Tooth Brushes, Pruning, Office, Pen, and Travelling Knives, Printing Types with double Sets of Letters and Figures, Seals and Tinkets, Watch Chains, Strings, and Keys, Diamond Pencils, Sword Canes and Rattans, Violins, Afs Skin Memorandum Books, Pocket Books with Instruments, Silk Purse, Cotton Night Caps and Hair Nets, Silk Laces, Dolls, Toys, and many other Things too numerous to insert. The above Goods are to be sold on reasonable Terms, for ready Money, by C. RATHELL.
To be SOLD, and entered on at Christmas next.
THE HOUSES and LOTS, in Hanover Town, at present occupied by Mr. John Macquarrie, who keeps a Tavern in them. They are well situated for that Purpose, having every convenient House, together with a good Stable and large Garden, and lies in the most publick Part of the Town, on the main Street that leads to Page's Warehouse and the Bridge. There have generally been six or eight Boarders at the House. Its Situation is equally good for a Store. A convenient Time of Payment will be allowed. For Terms apply to JOHN JOHNSON. ARCHIBALD GOVAN.

WANTED, TWO Half Acre Lots in the Town of Mancheber , No. 157, drawn by Ticket 7533, and No. 129, drawn by Ticket 7723. Whoever has the said Lots, or either of them, may dispose of them to Advantage by applying to the Printer hereof, at the ensuing General Court, or as soon as possible.
For SALE, An exceeding likely and capable young NEGRO FELLOW who understands House Work, waiting on a Gentleman, taking Care of Horses, and is a tolerable good Cook. Any Person in Want of such a Servant may know the Terms of the Subscriber; and if he does not fully answer the Character given of him, he may be returned, in Health, within a Month. If he is not sold before the Meeting of the Merchants in October, I shall carry him to Williamsburg with me, where he may be seen by any Person inclined to purchase.
ARCHIBALD M'CALL.
TAPPANANNEE, Sept. 26, 1774. The Houses and Lots, and a considerable Part of my Furniture, is still unsold. Any Persons inclined to purchase may have them on reasonable Terms, at private Sale.
To be SOLD to the highest Bidder, at Belvoir, or Potomack River, the late Seat of the Honourable George William Fairfax, Esq; on Monday the 5th of December next,
ALL the GENTLE FURNITURE of two Rooms, KITCHEN FURNITURE, eight or ten HORSES, all his Stock of HOGS, Part of his CATTLE and SHEEP, together with the PLANTATION UTENSILS, three WAGGONS, and fifty Barrels of FISH. Purchasers of more than 50. will have Credit till the 15th of August next, on giving Bond with approved Security, paying Interest from the Date, if the Principal should not be discharged within forty Days after it becomes due. At the same Time and Place will be rented, to the highest Bidder, a small Plantation for one Year, and two very fine Fisheries for a Term of Years. The Mansion-House, Outhouses, Garden, Orchards, and Plantation, with a sufficient Quantity of Land to suit the Tenant, will also be let for a Term of Years. Any Person inclined may rent the Dwelling-House before the Day of Sale, and know the Terms by applying to
FRANCIS WILLIS, Junior.
THE Death of Mr. Hugh M'Mekin (late of Norfolk) renders it absolutely necessary that the Business carried on by him there, by Mr. Matthew Anderson in King & Queen , and by Mr. Christopher Pryor at Gloucester Courthouse , be discontinued. All Persons, therefore, who are indebted for Dealings with either of these Gentlemen, in Account of Messrs. John M'Dowall and Co. of Glasgow , are earnestly requested to discharge their respective Balances immediately; those who have it not in their Power to make Payment will, it is expected, grant Bond.—Messrs. Anderson and Pryor will give constant Attendance for that Purpose, who are authorised to receive and grant Discharges. The Goods on Hand at King & Queen and Gloucester Courthouse , amounting to about 1500 l. Sterling, will be sold, and the Time of Payment made as easy to the Purchaser as the Hardness of the Times will admit of. As most of these Goods were imported last Spring, they are fresh, look well, and are tolerably well assorted. There is likewise on Hand a Cargo of choice Goods, adapted for the present Season, just imported in the Bland , Captain Darby , from London , and the Jane , Captain M'Cunn , from Glasgow , amounting to between 1000 l. and 1200 l. Sterling. For Terms apply to Messrs. John Johnson , or Archibald Gowan , at Pope's , Mr. Simon Fraser , at Urbanna , Mr. Matthew Anderson , in King & Queen , or to
BENNETT BROWNE,
Attorney in Fact for Messrs. John M'Dowall and Co.
VIRGINIA, ss. At a General Court held at the CAPITOL the 19th Day of October, 1774.
THIS Court being unable to proceed farther upon Business, by Reason of the Non-attendance of the Lawyers, Suitors, and Witnesses, it is ordered, that the Court be adjourned till the 10th Day of April next.
BEN: WALLER.
For CHARTER, THE Ship Betsey , James Dysart Master, Burthen about 400 Hogsheads, or 10,000 Bushels. For Terms apply to
JOHN LAWRENCE, & Co.
NORFOLK, October 18, 1774.
To be SOLD, for ready Money, by the Executors of Newton Keene, deceased, pursuant to his last Will, by publick Auction, to the highest Bidder, on Monday the 19th of December next, if fair, otherwise next fair Day, at the Place called Newgate, in the County of Loudoun,
A TRACT of valuable LAND in the said County, adjoining to the said Place called Newgate , and partly bounded by the Mountain Road, containing about 1400 Acres; about 100 Acres whereof are under a Lease for one or two Lives, at a small yearly Rent. There is only one small Plantation, and but very little cleared Ground upon it. It is extremely well watered and timbered, and has a considerable Quantity of Ground upon it fit for improving into Meadow. This Land is very conveniently situated, being only 25 Miles from Alexandria , 23 from Dumfries , and 28 from Colchester , and has a Merchant Mill within less than a Mile of it. Newgate is a very publick Place, and well situated for Trade and publick House-keeping. Deeds will be executed on the Day of Sale. There will also be sold by the said Executors, for ready Money, at publick Sale, on Monday the 9th of January next, if fair, otherwise next fair Day, at the late Dwelling Plantation of the said Newton Keene , in Northumberland County , TWENTY very likely Virginia born NEGROES belonging to his Estate.
(7) RICHARD LEE, } Executors. DAVID BOYD, }
To be SOLD, on Thursday the 10th of November, at the Rocky Ridge,
ONE HUNDRED and FIFTY choice SLAVES, late the Property of John Wayles, Esq; deceased . Twelve Month Credit will be allowed, the Purchasers giving Bond, with approved Security, to
FRANCIS EPPES.
HENRY SKIPWITH.
*** Five per Cent. Discount for ready Money.
STRAYED, or STOLEN, from the Subscriber, in Surry County, the 5th of September last, a likely GRAY MARE near fifteen Hands high, with a hanging Mane and Switch Tail, has a Blemish in her right Eye, branded on the near Buttock O, and on the Shoulder R. I will give 40 s. to any Person who will deliver her to me, near Cabin Point .
ELIZABETH BURT.
STRAYED, or STOLEN, from my Plantation, in the lower End of Hanover, on the last of May, a bright BAY MARE about four Feet three Inches high, is a natural Trotter, but can pace slow, branded on the near Buttock, - but in such a Blotch as not to be made out. She was put to a Horse last Spring, and it is probable is with Foal. A Reward of 30 s. will be paid to the Person who delivers her to Mary Elyson in New Kent , or to the Subscriber in the lower End of Hanover .
ROBERT JORDAN.
COMMITTED to the Jail of Northumberland County, a white Man who says his Name is THOMAS GORDON, very much pitted with the Smallpox, about five Feet and a Half high, and appears to be about 40 Years old. He says he served as a Gardener with Colonel Burns of Maryland . The Owner is desired to pay Charges, and take him away.
(8) JESSE ALEXANDER, Jailer.
WILLIAMSBURG, October 13, 1774. I BEG Leave to inform the Publick, and particularly those Gentlemen who were pleased to take my Subscription Papers to their respective Counties, to raise a small Sum of Money in each for the Encouragement of making SALT, that after viewing many Places on this and the other Side of the Bay, and on the Sea Coast of the Eastern Shore , I have now fixed on a very convenient Spot on that Coast for erecting proper Works; and as nothing more can be done on my Part without Money, I must beg the Favour of them to forward such Sums as they may be able to collect, to Robert Carter Nicholas , Esquire, who is so kind as to take the Trouble of receiving and paying the Money out to me. Proper Security shall be lodged in his Hands, for any Sum that I may draw. The Certainty of my being able to make Salt, as good as any whatever, is hardly to be doubted, from the several Experiments which I have made, and which are pretty fully certified by Gentlemen of Veracity, whose Certificates will be lodged in the Hands of Mr. Nicholas . Gentlemen will readily see the Necessity I am under of requesting speedy Assistance, when I inform them that I have for some Time past devoted my whole Attention to this Business, and given over every other Pursuit from which my Family might have derived any Advantage, and that, in Order to put the Works in as great Forwardness as was in my Power, I have incurred a considerable Expense, and been obliged to contract for some of the necessary Materials.
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JAMES TAIT.
AT the Request of Mr. James Tait, I do hereby certify that he hath lodged in my Hands his Bond with such Securities, as I am persuaded will be approved, for his diligent and expeditious Prosecution of his Scheme of making Salt and a faithful Application and Expenditure of all such Sums of Money, as may be contributed for so desirable a Purpose. He is extremely anxious to enter upon the Work, and flatters himself that he will be enabled to do it very speedily, from the Assurances he received of being supported by a generous Assistance from different Counties.
RO. C. NICHOLAS.
For SALE, THAT valuable and well situated Lot in Williamsburg where the Coffeeshouse is now kept, which may be entered upon the 1st of April next.—Also a Tract of Land in Nansemond County , within three Miles of Suffolk , upon which is a good Stream for a Mill. It is well timbered with Oak and Pine, contains some very good Meadow Ground, produces good Corn and Wheat, and is capable of great Improvement; there is a very good Dwelling-House, and all necessary Houses for Copping, with a fine young Orchard of Apple and Peach Trees. It likewise may be entered upon the 1st of April next.—For Terms apply to David Meads, Esq; at Maycox ; Mr. Joseph Prentis , Attorney, in Williamsburg ; Mr. Willis Cowper , Merchant, in Suffolk ; or to the Subscriber, in Halifax Town, North Carolina .
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JOHN WEBB.
CABIN POINT, October 10, 1774.
AS the Store kept by me on Account of Logan, Gilmore, and Co. at Mr. James Belfrey's is discontinued, all Persons indebted thereto are requested to make immediate Payment to Mr. John Mackay , who is properly empowered to receive the same. Those who have it not in their Power to make immediate Payment are earnestly desired to settle their Accounts, by giving Specialties to Mr. Mackay , who attends at Cabin Point for that Purpose.
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JOHN STEWART.
Pursuant to an Act of Assembly, will be sold at Smithfield, on Thursday the 3d of November next,
EIGHTEEN HUNDRED and SIXTY EIGHT Acres (the remaining Part of a Tract) of well timbered level Land in Isle of Wight County , belonging to Mr. James Burwell . This Land is laid off into seven Lots, is within eleven Miles of Smithfield , and five of a very fine Merchant Mill. Any Person who has Thoughts of purchasing may know the Terms by applying to Mr. James Burwell , in York County .
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LEWIS BURWELL. DUDLEY DIGGES. THOMAS NELSON, Junior. NATHANIEL BURWELL.
WILLIAMSBURG, September 29, 1774. COMMITTED to the Publick Jail, on the 3d Instant, a Negro Man named CHARLES , who told me he belonged to Doctor Corbin Griffin of York , which I have repeatedly notified to the Doctor; but no Application having been made from him for the said Fellow, it is probable he has told me a Falstity. From his own Story, he was lately the Property of Mr. James Pride , from whom Doctor Griffin received him last February, and kept him in Possession till the July following, at which Time he eloped. He is about 25 Years old, five Feet nine Inches high, slim made, well dressed, and fit to act in the Capacity of a Waiting Man. His Owner is desired to take him away, and pay Charges.
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PETER PELHAM.
For CHARTER, THE Ship Londsdale , James Grayson Master, Burthen about 430 Hhds. British built, two Years old, a very good Vessel, well fitted and found. For Terms apply to Richard Squire Taylor , in King William County .
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For SALE, A TRACT of LAND in York County , about four Miles from Williamsburg , containing 250 Acres. It lies in about three Quarters of a Mile of York River , and about the same Distance from the Oyster Rocks , joins Colonel John Tabbs , and Colonel Landon Carter's Land, and has as much Timber as will pay for it in one Year, by selling Wood to the Inhabitants of Williamsburg . It is under a Mortgage to Mr. William Graves of York County , for about 190 l. which Sum must be paid him at the Acknowledgment; for the Remainder of the Money one or two Years Credit will be given, as can be agreed on, and Possession may be had at Christmas . For Terms apply to Captain William Gregory of Charles City , or the Subscriber in the same County, about three Miles from the Courthouse.
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AMBROSE JACKSON.
Wanted immediately, A JOURNEYMAN SHOEMAKER that understands the Business well in all its Branches. Such a One, that can come well recommended, for an honest, industrious, sober Man, will meet with Encouragement to his Satisfaction, a good Seat of Work, and his Money paid every Saturday Night if he chooses it. Inquire for the Subscriber, near the upper Church, in Middlesex County .
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SAMUEL DANIEL.
NEW YORK, July 27, 1774. FIFTY POUNDS REWARD, WHEREAS, on the 19th of June last past, a certain JOSEPH THORP was entrusted with a considerable Sum in Half Johannesse, of nine Pennyweight, to be delivered by him at Quebec , and as he has not yet made his Appearance there, with other suspicious Circumstances, it is apprehended he is gone off with the Money. He is a Native of England , about six Feet high, swarthy Complexion, very dark keen Eyes, and pitted with the Smallpox, of a slender Make, stoops as he walks, talks rather slow, with some small Impediment in his Speech. He lived some Time in Boston , from whence he removed to Quebec , assuming the Character of a Merchant in both Places; he was also once in Trade in Newcastle, Virginia , and has a Brother settled there. It is believed he went on Board Captain John F. Prugm , for Albany , and took with him a blue Cashmir and a dark brown Cloth Suit of Clothes. Whoever secures the said Joseph Thorp , in any of his Majesty's Jails on this Continent, shall be entitled to ten per Cent. on the Sum recovered, and the above Reward of 50 l. when convicted. Apply to Curson and Seton of New York , Joseph Wharton, Junior , of Philadelphia , Robert Christie of Baltimore , James Gibson and Co. Virginia , John Bondfield of Quebec , Melatiah Bowne or John Rowe of Boston . It is requested of those who may have seen this Joseph Thorp , since the 19th of June last past, or know any Thing of the Route he has taken, that they convey the most early Intelligence thereof to any of the above Persons, or Greenwood, Ritson, and Marsh , in Norfolk , or to Robert Pleasants and Co. at Four Mile Creek, Henrico County ; the Favour will be gratefully acknowledged. All Masters of Vessels are forewarned from taking him off the Continent.
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To be SOLD or RENTED (Preference will be given to the first)
A PLANTATION on Allen's Creek in Mecklenburg , within a Mile of Roanoke , consisting of about 120 Acres of Land, the Property of Messrs. Alexander Donald and Co. and whereon the Subscriber now lives. The Land of itself is valuable, exclusive of the Improvements, which are a good Dwelling-House, with other necessary Outhouses, and a large and convenient Storehouse, 32 by 44 Feet. There are about 20 Acres of the low Ground well set in Timothy and Clover, and notwithstanding this dry Summer, 15 Acres of it have yielded above 30,000 Weight of Hay, which, with about 300 Bushels of Oats in the Straw, some Indian Corn, 40 Head of Cattle, 50 Head of Sheep, and some Hogs, will be sold on reasonable Terms. The Purchaser may have Possession of the Premises as soon as he pleases, and long Credit (if required) will be allowed for the Land, on his giving Bond and Security. It is expected the Store will be continued, and of Course the Purchaser will have the Benefit of the Board of the Storekeepers, and besides the Situation of the Place (being on Taylor's Ferry Road ) makes it well calculated for a Tavern.
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EBENEZER MACHARG.
W O O L L E N S.
THE Subscriber has just received, by the Kingston Packet , Captain Joseph Turner , from Hull , a large Assortment of coarse Woollens, wine , Six Quarter Cloths with necessary Trimmings, and other small Packages (of about 40 l. Sterling Value each) consisting of coarse Duffels, Friezes, Fearnought, Halithicks, Bearskins, Kendal Cottons, Negro Blanketing, Bed Blankets, White Plaidings, Rugs of different Kinds, and other Goods which he will sell reasonable for Cash, or short Credit.
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JOHN STONEY.
He has also for Sale S E I N E T W I N E in small Packages, SHOT in Barrels, West India RUM, Flat and Square BAR IRON of a good Quality, and a Quantity of COALS in said Vessel.
NORFOLK, September 20, 1774.
To be SOLD,
A TRACT of LAND in Surry County , containing 450 Acres, known by the Name of Cabin Point , on which are a new Set of Brick Warehouses, which bring in about 10 l. a Year, and a new Brick Merchant Mill completely fitted with two Water Wheels on a never-failing Stream, within 100 Feet of the Wharf. The Land is very good for Grain, and has about 40 Acres that may be made fine Meadow. This is one of the most improvable Estates in the Country. Half the Purchase Money to be paid in twelve Months, the other Half may lie for seven Years, on good Security being given, and punctual Payment of Interest. If the Land is not sold by Christmas , it will be rented out.
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BENJAMIN HARRISON.
FOR SALE,
TWO THOUSAND Acres of LAND, lying on the River Shenando , in the County of Frederick , eight Miles above Ashby's Gap . One Third of the Purchase Money to be paid on the Day of Sale, and an extensive Credit will be given for the Remainder. Mr. James Brown will show the Land to any Person inclined to purchase, and I shall be on the Premises the 15th of November next.
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NATHANIEL BURWELL.
ISLE OF WIGHT, July 19, 1774.
Pursuant to a Decree of the Honourable General Court, and by Letter of Attorney from Colonel George Mercer of Virginia, now in London, will be sold at publick Auction,
ABOUT 3500 ACRES of LAND in the County of Loudoun , near West's Ordinary , about twelve Miles from Leesburg , forty from Alexandria , and thirty five from Dumfries , on Potomack . This Land is well known, by the Description of Bull Run Mountains , and is very fertile.—Also 6500 Acres on Shenando River , in the County of Frederick , opposite to Snicker's Ordinary , and binding on the River about seven Miles. As this Tract is Part of a Survey one of the first in that Part of the Colony, its good Quality cannot be questioned, it is well watered, will admit of two Mills on Land Streams, and others on the River; there are now on it six Plantations well improved for Copping, 110 Slaves, and very large and choice Stocks of Horses (some of the Dray Breed ) black Cattle, Hogs, and Sheep; which, together with the Crops of Corn and Wheat now growing (expected to be upwards of 2000 Barrels and 5000 Bushels) will be sold on the Premises, on the 24th Day of November next, or next fair Day.—The Loudoun Lands will be sold at West's Ordinary , on the 21st Day of the same Month. Both Tracts will be laid off in Lots to suit every Kind of Purchaser, who may see them by applying to Mr. Francis Peyton , near the Loudoun Lands, and Mr. William Dawson , who resides on the Shenando Tract. Among the Slaves are two good Blacksmiths, two Carpenters, and an exceeding trusty and skilful Waggoner. The aged black Cattle, and grown Hogs, will be fattened for Slaughter.—Purchasers above 25 l. will be allowed twelve Months Credit, on giving Bond and Security to the Subscribers, who will be prepared to make Conveyances.
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JOHN TAYLOR. GEORGE WASHINGTON.
For LIVERPOOL,
THE Ship GREENWOOD , Mackey Reed Master, loads at Norfolk , has two Thirds of her Cargo already engaged, can take in 200 Hhds. of Tobacco on Liberty of Consignment. Any Gentlemen inclining to ship by her will please to send their Orders to Mr. Richard Taylor of Petersburg , Mr. Richard Squire Taylor in King William County , or to us at Norfolk .
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GREENWOOD, RITSON, & MARSH.
To be RENTED, from Year to Year, or for a Term of Years,
BELVOIR , the beautiful Seat of the Honourable George William Fairfax, Esq; lying upon Potomack River in Fairfax County , about fourteen Miles below Alexandria . The Mansion House is of Brick, two Stories high, with four convenient Rooms and a large Passage on the lower Floor, five Rooms and a Passage on the second, and a Servants Hall and Cellars below, convenient Offices, Stables, and Coach-House adjoining, as also a large and well furnished Garden, stored with a great Variety of valuable Fruits, in good Order. Appertaining to the Tract on which these Houses stand, and which contains near 2000 Acres (surrounded in a Manner by navigable Water) are several valuable Fisheries, and a good Deal of cleared Land in different Parts, which may be let altogether, or separately, as shall be found most convenient. The Terms may be known of Colonel Washington , who lives near the Premises, or of me in Berkley County .
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FRANCIS WILLIS, Junior.
FOR SALE,
A TRACT of LAND in Amelia County , containing 500 Acres, about four Miles below the Courthouse, it is remarkable fine Land for Grain, and will bring good Tobacco. The Plantation is in good Order for Copping, sufficient to work six or eight Hands, with all necessary Houses. Any Person inclined to purchase may depend on having a Bargain, and know the Terms by applying to
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WILLIAM MARSHALL.
For SALE,
ABOUT twelve Thousand Acres of exceeding rich TOBACCO LAND, in Amberst County , whereon are several Plantations and Improvements sufficient to work forty or fifty Hands. There is on the said Land for Sale a very valuable GRIST MILL, lately built, with a Stone Dam and a Pair of good Cologne Millstones, which Mill has for two Years past got upwards of 100 Barrels of Toll Corn, and is situated on a never failing Stream. The Land will be shown by William Womack , who lives at one of the the Plantations, and the Prices of the Land made known by him. One or two Years Credit will be allowed, Interest being paid for the second Year, and also for the first, if the Money is not paid agreeable to Contract. The Land is to be laid off and surveyed by Colonel William Cabell , at the Expense of the Purchaser. Deeds will be made upon Bond and approved Security being given, either to Colonel William Cabell , or the Subscriber. Six per Cent. Discount will be allowed for ready Money, or good Merchants Notes. If any Person will choose to exchange Lands in the lower Part of the Country, on or near some navigable River, that are good, it is more than probable we should agree.
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CARTER BRAXTON.