The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1809-06-13 00:00:00

The Enquirer.
VOL. 6.]
RICHMOND, TUESDAY, JUNE 13, 1809.
[No. 10.
PUBLISHED BY THOMAS RITCHIE, OPPOSITE THE GLOBE TAVERN, AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE.
RICHMOND PRICES CURRENT.
   D. C.     TOBACCO, from 4 7   FLOUR—SUPERFINE, 5 30   DO. FINE, 5 00   CORN, PER BARREL, 2 50   WHEAT, 1 00   BEAN, PER LB. 0 10   WHISKEY, PER GALLON, 0 44   BAR IRON, PER TON, 120 00   HEMP, PER TON, 280 00   PER LB. 25   WOOL, PER LB. 45  
A TUTOR WANTED. —A gentleman of good moral character, who is qualified to conduct a SCHOOL consisting of 12 or 15 children, will meet with liberal encouragement, by applying to the subscribers, in Powhatan county. If his conduct and qualifications should be approved, there is a prospect of his obtaining a comfortable, permanent establishment.
B. TRUEHEART, TH. MILLER.
June 6.
THE SUBSCRIBERS, TAKE LEAVE TO INFORM THEIR FRIENDS AND THE PUBLIC IN GENERAL, THAT THE
EAGLE-TAVERN,
IN the City of Richmond, will hereafter be conducted under the immediate management of GEORGE TURNER , they having formed an engagement for this purpose. They entertain the most sanguine hopes that their unremitting exertions will entitle them to patronage and favor. Every comfort which necessity may require, or which taste may suggest, will be procured with avidity and pleasure. They are determined, if possible, to render the EAGLE , in every department of their business, agreeable to their guests, and a pleasant abode to the stranger. Their solicitude upon this score has induced them, at considerable expense, to make some important changes in the arrangement of the rooms. They feel a great share of confidence in assuring their friends that they will meet with every convenience and attention that a house of this character is calculated to afford. Their Bed-Rooms are furnished with an entire new set of beds and furniture, with a suit of curtains to each, and the floor covered with carpets.
Their stables are large & commodious (which will always be furnished with a full supply of the best provender the country affords) stands within twenty steps of the house, with a pump of excellent water at the door, for the purpose of watering and washing the horses.
They take leave further to state, that a COFFEE-ROOM has lately been established in one of the rooms of the Eagle , in which the newspapers from all the principal towns on the continent are to be seen. With these advantages, & these determinations, in which they are resolved never to relax, they can but hope for the most flattering success.
GEORGE TURNER, JAMES S. SMITHERS.
N. B. The printers throughout the U. States who now direct their papers to Jas. S. Smithers, are requested to insert the above one week, and in future direct to Turner and Smithers.
C. T. & J. S. S.
May 9.
LANDS, NEGROES and other PROPERTY FOR SALE. —Pursuant to the power vested in us, by a deed of trust, executed on the 6th day of July, 1808, by Robert Bird and wife, which is of record in the court of Hanover county, Will be sold, at public auction, for ready money, at the house of the said Robert Bird, in the Forks of Hanover, the following real and personal estate, or so much thereof, as may be sufficient to pay off and satisfy the debts in said deed expressed, together with the charges of executing the same:
Two tracts or parcels of Land, one containing, by estimation, 135 acres, the other 400 acres, lying in the Forks of Hanover, near Price's New-Found-Mills: Also, eight likely Slaves, fourteen head of Cattle, twenty-five head of Hogs, thirty-five Sheep, four Horses, three Mules, likewise a large quantity of household and kitchen Furniture, particularly named in said deed. The sale will take place on Friday the 23d of this month, if fair, if not, the next fair day.
THE TRUSTEES.
June 9.
TEN DOLLARS REWARD, will be given for apprehending and delivering to me, at Capt. Parke Street's, near New-Castle, in the lower end of this county, or securing in Jail so that I get her; a young Negro Woman ANN or ANNABET.
She ran away from col. Parke Goodall's, on the night of the 27th instant. She is about 20 years old, rather above the middle stature, a mulatto rather bright than otherwise, her hair not as long as is usual for persons as bright as she is, is very well made and neat in her dress. Her tongue appears rather large for her mouth, which causes her speech to be somewhat of a lisp: She has with her a variety of good clothes; and having been, from her childhood, in col. Goodall's Tavern, and, of course, an extensive acquaintance, being a woman of extraordinary good sense and great ingenuity, will no doubt attempt to pass as a free woman.
ANTHONY STREET.
Hanover County, June 2.
NEW GOODS—JOHN KING, has just received an additional supply of Spring and Summer
GOODS.
Selected from the late importations, and which are now opening for sale, at his Cheap Cash Store.
May 19.
IN CHANCERY. —In Henrico County Court, June 5th, 1809.
John Lynch, Compt. against John Bernard, Deft. The defendant not having entered his appearance, and given security according to the act of Assembly and the rules of this Court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the Court, that he is not an inhabitant of this commonwealth: On the motion of the complainant, by his Counsel: It is ordered, That the said defendant do appear here on the first Monday in August next, and answer the complainant's Bill: And that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in some one of the newspapers printed in the city of Richmond, for two months successively, and another copy posted at the door of the Courthouse of this County.
A Copy. Teste, J. B. WHITLOCKE, CLE.
June 6.
HAVING executed a deed of trust to Benjamin Oliver, jr. William Cunningham, and Samuel Richardson, conveying certain property therein mentioned, to them, for the purpose of making sale thereof, in order to discharge all debts for which I am bound for my father, and my own debts.—It is therefore my wish that all such creditors may as soon as possible, make their respective claims known to the above named gentlemen, that they may know how far to carry the sales, which will take place the 1st of August next.
JOHN M. SYME.
June 9.
VALUABLE PROPERTY FOR SALE.
PURSUANT to a deed of trust executed to us, by John M. Syme, of the County of Hanover, for the purpose of satisfying all debts for which he is bound for his father's & his own debts—we shall, on Tuesday, the first day of August next, if fair, if not, the next fair day, upon the premises, proceed to sell, four hundred and sixty three acres, (by a late survey) of prime and valuable land, adjoining the Town of New Castle, upon Pamunkey River, and the ferry across that river. Also, ELEVEN NEGROES , consisting of MEN, WOMEN, BOYS and GIRLS , all the stock of HORSES, CATTLE, HOGS, SHEEP , and implements of Husbandry, &c. conveyed by the said instrument. Such title as we hold as trustees will be made the purchaser or purchasers, and possession of the land given at Christmas with the privilege of seeding wheat this fall. The terms of sale will be one third cash, one third in six months, and the balance in 12 months, from the day of sale. Interest will be expected upon the distant payments. Bonds with approved security will be required of the purchasers of the personal property, and Bonds with deeds of trust upon the land and ferry of the respective purchasers. The land &c. will be shown by Mr. WM. CUNNINGHAM , living in New-Castle, or either of the Mr. SYMES , to any person wishing to view the premises. Creditors will be allowed to purchase, and their claims discounted.
According to Mr. John M. Syme's notification above, we or either of us, will receive the amount of any claim, and it is our wish that they be made known prior to the day of sale.
There are some previous liens upon this property, or some of it, to secure certain debts, which will be first paid, according to their several dates. Proposals for any part of the above property will be received by either of the trustees prior to the sale.
BENJAMIN OLIVER, jr. WM. CUNNINGHAM. SAML. RICHARDSON.
New-Castle, June 9.
LANDS FOR SALE. —The Subscriber being advanced in years and infirmity, which prevents him from attempting to dispose of them on the different spots, offers the following Tracts to the inhabitants of Richmond and its vicinity. He will simply observe, that it will be seen by the dates of the surveys, that they are not common speculation Lands: They cost him a large sum, but will be sold, without reserve, either by private sale, or exchange for property in this neighborhood, if any offers are made; else at public auction, on the first Thursday in Oct. next, if it happens to be the race week, else on the Thursday of said week and month, on a credit of 6 and 12 months.
The subscriber is thus early in publishing his intention, because he wishes to offer an opportunity to those who might become inclined to purchase, either in person, or on their friends and acquaintances visiting the neighboring Springs and counties, to get some knowledge of the situation and value of the same, by which alone, they may be enabled to judge whether or not great bargains may be expected from the purchase of them.
C. S. STRAS.
4535 Acres, (more or less by 200 acres) in the county of Greenbrier, on Meadow river, facing the mouth of such, and joining the lands & low grounds of Samuel McClung, William McClung, Samuel Price, and Wm. Renis, on the great road to Kentucky.
1350 acres, in Botetourt county, on Barber's creek, on the main road (made lately) from the Sweet Spring to Fincastle, distant 9 miles from the Spring, and 16 from Fincastle.
1000 acres in aforesaid county, and joining the foregoing tract, and the plantation of Thomas Price, on said creek and road to Fincastle: there is a bold sulphur spring on this tract.
350 acres in said county, joining the plantation of Rofzinger, and extending a small distance over the Blue Ridge in Bedford county.
230 acres in said county of Botetourt, on Loncay's mill creek.
1230 acres, formerly in the county of Montgomery, but is (I am informed) by a late division, in Kanawha, on Point creek.
780 acres on Point river and Walker's creek, in the Cheatwood Forest, (in last mentioned county) including the Iron pond and Iron banks.
380 acres in said county, on No-Business Creek, a branch of New river.
2050 acres on the Forks of Salt river, state of Kentucky, being part of a tract of 6000 acres, on which General Mathew Walton formerly resided.
150 acres in Kanawha county, part of a tract of 1500 acres, on which col. Wm. Clendenin resided, and which is a part of a large military survey made by George Mass and others, on the Ohio and Kanawha rivers.
234 acres north-west of the Ohio, in what is called the Illinois Grant, bearing the No. 248, (3 military right).
1000 acres on Deer creek, Green river, state of Kentucky, bearing No. 617, surveyed in 1785, for Major George Lewis, being in part for his own military services.
2000 acres on said Deer creek, bearing No. 129, surveyed in 1785 for Gustavus B. Wallace, being originally gen. Mercer's and his own military rights. This tract joins the preceding. The two last mentioned tracts, besides being valuable farming Lands, are supposed to contain Salt Springs, lying in the neighborhood of a large Salt lick, and exhibiting every indication of being impregnated with it.
May 30.
HATS, SHOES, PORTER, &c.
D. J. MURR, offers for sale, at the same house in which is kept the Penitentiary Store , second door above the Eagle-Tavern,
A COMPLETE ASSORTMENT OF HATS.
Including Gentlemen's black, drab and patent Silk BEAVERS, CASTORS, RORUMS, &c. Chip and Leghorn Hats, Mens' and Boys' Wool do. Servants' Glazed Leather do. Hatters' Trimmings and Materials.
SHOES.
Ladies' Morocco and Kid Slips and Ties, Gentlemen's superfine press Shoes and Pumps. Constantly on hand a large stock of bottled Porter, Ale and Cider, Philadelphia Beer, &c. &c. April 13.
CONGRESS.
FROM THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
FRIDAY, May 26.
DEBATE.
On Mr. Randolph's motion for approving the late conduct of the President of the U. States—Continued.
Mr. HOLLAND said, he had no doubt that the President had done his duty in the case referred to in the proposition under consideration; and as he had entertained no doubt but the President would on this and every other occasion do his duty, he said he felt no excessive joy on the occasion. It was only an ordinary act of duty well performed, and therefore he was not willing to distinguish it from those numerous acts which he trusted would be, as they had heretofore been, performed by the Executive. Were the author of the proposition, he should have felt many scruples as to the propriety of offering such alone. Were the precedent to be set by the passage of this resolution, the House might hereafter witness a struggle on the floor to determine who should be first to come forward with a proposition expressive of approbation. The human mind might be so operated upon, that the Executive might feel himself under an obligation to promote the person bringing forward such a motion. I (said Mr. H.) would be one of the last to introduce such a motion, were I a friend to the President; and if I were not a friend to the President, I would not bring it forward lest it should be thought that I was courting favor in his eyes. But why, sir, should this House give an expression of approbation of the President? Because we are told, it may be a guide to him hereafter. Let this House be careful how it acts, and attend to its own duties. The President does not stand in need of this kind of support. I never will step forward, as a member of this House, to excite him to his duty by a vote of this kind. I believe he possesses an attachment to his duty sufficient to induce him to perform it. I believe that the voice of the people of the U. States is such in relation to the present & late President, that they believe they were well disposed to do their duty, and that they have done their duty; but it does not follow that we ought to express our approbation as to any particular act? The gentleman himself says that the President has only done his duty. Is it not surprising then, that we are called upon to give him the approbation of this House? What would be inferred from this procedure? Why, that it is so seldom our Presidents have done their duty, that in the very first instance in which they have done it, the House of Representatives had discovered and applauded it. If the gentleman thinks so, I wholly disagree with him. If our officers do their duty properly, they will receive the thanks of the nation—and where is the propriety of singling out for approbation or disapprobation this particular act? I see none. It is asked, will you leave the President of the United States to grope in the dark and not let him know whether he has received our approbation or not? And is the President to judge from the thanks of the House, that he has done his duty?—How is he to know that they have expressed their sense of his conduct from proper motives? Would he would not be right to suspect those who vote for and more especially those who bring forward such a proposition, of improper motives? He would be left still worse to grope in the dark. It has been said that former presidents have been deceived in consequence of votes of approbation; and the same would again occur. On every ground I am opposed to the passing such resolutions on principle, and shall therefore vote for indefinite postponement.
Mr. J. G. JACKSON observed that the resolution offered by the gentleman from Virginia was, that the promptitude and frankness with which the President of the U. S. has met the overtures of the government of G. Britain towards a restoration of harmony and a free commercial intercourse between the two nations, received the approbation of this house; and that the amendment of the gentleman from Massachusetts declared that it furnished an additional proof of the spirit of accommodation on the part of the government of the United States, which has at no time been intermittent. I do not hesitate to declare my firm conviction (said Mr. J.) that the propositions contained in the motion and amendment are true; that if it be necessary or proper for this house as a part of their duty to express an opinion on them, they ought to be adopted. If a direct vote must be taken, I shall be in the affirmative; but notwithstanding my belief that the facts alleged are irrefragable, I am opposed to a deviation from what I conceive to be the duty, and becoming the dignity of this house, by expressing them. It is true, sir, that the assertion contained in the amendment has been denied in some of the partisan newspapers of this country; but hitherto I had understood & believed that it was, as far as respected the opinions of members on this floor, unquestionable; & it is not without some surprise that I have just heard the gentleman from Virginia denying it in the most unequivocal manner. It is not because I fear the result of a vote on the amendment that I am unwilling to have it taken: my objections are of a different character—I think the house have nobler duties to perform than passing abstract resolutions, out of which no legislative act is contemplated, merely for the purpose of pouring the oil of adulation upon the head of the chief magistrate; and according to my conception, the gentleman from Virginia has made an attack on the principles he professes, and upon the independence of this house, which will, as a precedent, be productive of lasting injury. If the course, he proposes, be a correct one, and we are to pass votes of approbation upon all the leading measures of the Executive, who among us, that may happen hereafter to disapprove any, will venture to oppose, without endangering his standing with the people? I take a wide distinction between the propriety of approving, and the right of condemning. If the president or any other high officer of the government.
violate his duty, it becomes ours to animadvert upon his conduct; but we ought to leave to the people, whose province it is, and who are competent to judge for themselves, whose discernment is not to be eluded by our votes, the propriety of a bad measure, or commendatory of a good one, that decision which they have already pronounced in a style as emphatic as it is audible.—And what good, I pray you, can result from this resolution? Those who had always denied that the administration possess any patriotism or virtue, will, to be consistent, find it necessary to oppose votes of this kind, and instead of doing the ordinary business of legislation, we shall employ our whole time in discussing propositions capable of doing no good, likely to produce much evil.—But we are already met with a charge that we condemn the accommodation, and are afraid to meet the question. I repeat, sir, I am not inimical to it, for I am highly pleased—and the friends of administration derive a triumph from it—that the spirit of accommodation, which has at no time been interrupted on the part of our government, was met at last by a correspondent disposition on the part of Great Britain.
I did not expect, sir, admitting gentlemen were of opinion, that there has not been a spirit of accommodation displayed on the part of the government at all times, and that they have even acted with duplicity—that we were now to enter into an examination of the measures of this country, for five or six years past, and it will be with much reluctance that I shall follow the gentleman, by touching, however lightly, on the various topics discussed in the wide range that he has taken.—Nor did I expect, from that gentleman, an eulogium on the non-intercourse law, which he pronounced, only three months ago, to be fraught with much evil, and which to-day he affirms, by placing the two belligerents on an equal footing, was the cause of the rescission of the orders in council, inasmuch as it admitted the British government to treat, without inflicting a wound on their pride. It is asserted by the gentleman, that the recent arrangement is entered into by Great Britain on very different terms from those offered last summer, through our minister at London—because, 1st, the non-importation law is now repealed—and 2dly, that having prohibited British ships alone, by the Proclamation of the President, from entering our ports, it was highly offensive to Great Britain, and we have done away the discrimination which existed between them and French vessels. I contend, sir, that the gentleman is wrong in his position, and that the offer made to Great Britain, and rejected, was not worse, but better, as regards her pride or interest, than that now accepted; and the offer of Mr. Pinkney, by order of the President, was of itself, a strong proof of the spirit of accommodation which has been evinced by the government. In the offer made to Mr. Canning, the American government proposed to suspend the embargo, so far as related to Great Britain, on a revocation of the orders in council, merely as respected us—to renew our trade with them, and prohibit it with France. It was not only contemptuously rejected, but Mr. Canning declared, that the formal abandonment, (a tacit relinquishment of them was not sufficient, but a formal abandonment) by France, of her decrees, was an indispensable prerequisite to a repeal of the British orders in council.
There is no mention made of the French Decrees or of our non-intercourse with France, in the late correspondence, and his Britannic majesty withdraws his orders of January and November, merely on condition that we will renew the intercourse with G. Britain. The indispensable prerequisite is forgotten; all mention of France is pretermitted, and in that view, the late accommodation has given up more than we asked in September last. How then can the gentleman insist, that the terms on which the late adjustment was made, are more favorable to Great Britain, than those rejected last summer? He relies, however, upon the repeal of the non-importation law, and the merger of the proclamation, issued in consequence of the affair of the Chesapeake: in the general prohibition of British & French ships of war, as materially changing the state of our relations with Great Britain, and by placing her on a footing of equality with France, has given an opportunity to propose terms. Sir, I did not suppose that the affair of the Chesapeake, and the proclamation which grew out of it, would have been introduced here, as a proof of the want of a spirit of accommodation on our part. Am I mistaken in supposing, that the gentleman himself did, on this floor, condemn the President for not calling Congress together sooner, to take higher ground, under the idea that the Proclamation was a weak measure? (Mr. Randolph stated, he had never said so.) Sir, it seems I am mistaken in ascribing such a declaration to the gentleman. I ask you, sir, if the indignation of the people could, without difficulty, be appeased with the measure, such as it was, and whether it would have been consistent with that honorable feeling, to have revoked it, for the purpose of preventing a tax on our exports, imposed by the orders in council? Let it be recollected, sir, that the affair of the Chesapeake was treated of, distinct from all others, and never blended with any other, except that, with which it was necessarily connected, viz., with a provision against impressment from on board of vessels sailing under the American flag, and that connexion was disregarded, in compliance with the wish of G. Britain.
The equality in the restrictions imposed by us, grew out of posterior acts of the French government. France had not invaded our national jurisdiction, had not murdered Pierce, or taken the Chesapeake; even admitting her other attacks were equally flagitious with those of Great Britain—and the only discrimination made, as consequent on those injuries, was the partial non-importation law, and the prohibition to enter our waters with their armed vessels—afterwards, when France to the extent of her power, attacked our rights, we prohibited the vessels of both nations and their manufactures, from entering our harbors; and how an exclusion of all articles and all vessels, by law, was a more favorable state of things to G. Britain, than the partial exclusion of either, at
a time when the few French, that ventured upon the ocean and escaped capture were admitted, it remains for that gentleman (Mr. Randolph) to demonstrate. In the very sentence, wherein the gentleman approves of the conduct of government, he tells us, G. Britain has conceded nothing. We have obtained an important concession, inasmuch as reparation is made for the attack on the Chesapeake, and Mr. Erskine was instructed to offer an abandonment of the orders in council, without a repeal of her decrees by France, or a promise to refuse trading with her; but merely on a renewal of intercourse with Great Britain; which I repeat it, is obtaining better terms than we offered to accept. Then we were told, that unless the French decrees were formally rescinded, the orders would be adhered to. Now, the British orders are abandoned, whilst the French decrees are unrevoked.
Mr. Monroe's reply is drawn into discussion, and the gentleman says, that the objection to it was, because there was no provision against impressing seamen; and we, nevertheless, come to an accommodation now, without any such provision. Does the gentleman recollect, that when the affair of the Chesapeake took place, all negotiation had been suspended for some time, and except in relation to it and the orders in council, has never been renewed? The affair of the Chesapeake was a barrier to all other negotiation: it was impossible, at a time when the blood of our citizens was crying for vengeance, and the survivors were confined in slavery worse than death—it was impossible to sit down coolly and calculate how far the East India or Colonial trade could be given up by us. Nothing could be done in relation to minor points of difference, when higher paramount concerns pressed upon us. But does it follow, sir, because these points are not now settled, that the seamen are to be abandoned, that the West-India trade is to be given up? That all points of collision are to be considered as conceded? The negotiators have wisely deferred the subject, for we are informed, that a minister with ample powers will be sent here to negotiate a treaty, and we ought to suspend our opinions until it is concluded. The gentleman says, another objection to the treaty, was on account of the British note, that it was opposed, because it tended to bring us in collision with France, and now we have done what it required of us. Sir, there were various objections to that note; one was, that Great Britain attempted to bully us into the course she wished us to pursue, to compel us to give "security to his majesty," that we would not submit to the attack made by France on our rights. Now, although we did not and would not submit, we could not tolerate such arrogance in G. Britain.
The note, however, says the gentleman, was no part of the treaty. It was certainly communicated by the British government as forming an indispensable condition of it; and the British commissioners in the correspondence with Mr. Canning, which I read to the House at the last session, stated expressly that the treaty was a perfect instrument, no reservation was annexed to it except the note in question, which maintained the right to chastise us in case we did not resist France; and Mr. Canning repeats the assertion to our ministers. The gentleman has gone on to say, that Mr. Monroe could have received reparation for the attack on the Chesapeake, if his instructions concerning seamen, which were blended with it, had permitted him. On this point I have the correspondence before me, which must satisfy the gentleman that he is wrong. As soon as the attack on the Chesapeake was known, the President issued his proclamation, and on receipt of it, Mr. Canning wrote a letter to Mr. Monroe, in which he says:—
"Before I proceed to observe upon that part of it which relates more immediately to the question now at issue between our two governments, I am commanded, in the first instance, to express the surprise which is felt at the total omission of a subject, upon which, I had already been commanded to apply to you for information; the proclamation purported to have been issued by the President of the United States. On this paper, when last I addressed you upon it, you professed not to have any knowledge, beyond what the ordinary channels of public information afforded, nor any authority to declare it to be authentic."
"I feel it an indispensable duty to renew my enquiry on this subject. The answer which I may receive from you is by no means unimportant to the settlement of the discussion which has arisen from the encounter between the Leopard and the Chesapeake."
And he goes on to urge the impropriety of making any atonement during the existence of the proclamation. And I ask again, sir, would the nation have been reconciled to the apathy of the President, if he had neglected to breathe forth its spirit, feebly as it was done, in the forbidding British armed vessels the use of our waters? whilst the men (except the one whom they hung in Halifax) were retained in bondage, and the outrage had the sanction of a high officer of the British government, which induced the belief that it was with its authority that the act was committed, could the proclamation have been rescinded or a less friendly measure have been resorted to?
The gentleman says the orders in council were made inoperative by our measures, and to give them up was in fact to yield nothing; that they were to prevent our trade to France, and we have prevented it ourselves, and therefore Great Britain conceded nothing on that point. It was not upon a trade to France alone that the orders operated, but upon all nations from whose ports the British flag was excluded, and even from some who never had made any such regulations; but independent of this, suppose France, without relaxing in her hostility towards Great Britain, admitted our vessels freely, although they had entered a British port, and been spoken by a British cruiser, and in consequence of such relaxation the trade with her was renewed; what then would have been the effect of the British orders? We should still be subjected to the payment of tribute. We are not now compelled to go first to G. Britain, pay tribute, and receive his majesty's licence to carry on our accustomed trade; therefore a repeal of the orders is a

HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
FRIDAY, June 2.
Mr. Clopton, from Virginia, appeared and took his seat. Mr. Newton reported a bill to continue in force an act...
Mr. Montgomery presented a petition from distillers and others, citizens of the U. States, praying Congress to prohibit the importation of spirits...
TERRITORIAL GOVERNMENTS.
Mr. Poindexter observed, that, in consequence of the frequent and wanton exercise of the power given by the ordinance of 1787 to the territorial governors...
Mr. Troup had no objection to the appointment of a committee, but he wished that the committee when appointed would take special care not to interfere despotically with the articles of cession...
Mr. Poindexter said the gentleman certainly could not wish to retain this principle, which had been borrowed from the worst features of monarchical government...
Mr. Troup said it would be recollected that this question had been stirred at the last session, debated at considerable length, and that the same proposition as this was rejected by a respectable majority...
Mr. Poindexter wished to state the fact, that it had been postponed indefinitely, not rejected, by a majority of only three votes.
Mr. Poindexter's motion was carried 57 to 32. On motion of Mr. Montgomery, a committee was appointed to inquire what compensation it was proper to make to Major Pike...
MONDAY, June 5.
Ezekiel Whitman, a representative from Massachusetts, and Richard Winn, a member from South Carolina, appeared and took their seats. A message was received from the Senate, informing the House of the death of the honorable Francis Malbone...
On motion of Mr. Poindexter, That the House will attend the funeral of Francis Malbone, Esq. late a member of the Senate of the U. S.
On motion of Mr. Poindexter, That the members of this House do wear crape on the left arm for the space of one month, in testimony of their respect for the memory of the deceased. And on motion of Mr. Smilie, the House adjourned, non con.
TUESDAY, June 6.
Mr. W. C. Nicholas, from Virginia, appeared and took his seat. Mr. Sawyer, after some general observations on the subject of manufactures, moved to discharge the Committee of Commerce and Manufactures from so much of the President's message...
This motion, proposing to amend a standing rule of the House, which prescribes the duties of the Committee of Commerce and Manufactures, was ordered, according to the rules of the House, to lie on the table for one day.
On motion of Mr. Nelson, the messages of the President of the U. S. of last session, and the session before the last, relative to the road from Cumberland to Ohio, were referred to a select committee.
Mr. Lewis asked (the third time) for the consideration of the resolution offered a few days ago to appoint a committee to inquire into the propriety of removing the military academy from West Point to the city of Washington.
On motion of Mr. Lewis, the petitions of the Commercial Company of Washington, praying for incorporation, and of the Bank of Alexandria, praying an extension of their charter presented last session, were referred to the Committee of the District of Columbia.
Various petitions of merchants, claimants and others, were received, and referred to committees.
Mr. Southard presented a petition from sundry batters of New-Jersey, praying that a duty may be laid on imported hats.
Mr. Helms reported a bill authorizing the discharge of John Lloyd from his imprisonment. Twice read and referred.
Mr. Bassett, from the joint-committee appointed to inquire into the business necessary to be done before the adjournment of Congress, reported several subjects on which it would be necessary to act before the adjournment of Congress; and recommending an adjournment on the 20th inst. Ordered to lie on the table.
GUN-BOATS.
Mr. Pitkin, after some observations on the state of the Treasury, and the necessity for diminishing the expenses of government, moved. That the committee on the naval establishment be instructed to inquire into the expediency of selling such of the gun-boats belonging to the United States as are not necessary to be employed in actual service.
On motion of Mr. Mason, Mr. Pitkin's motion was so modified as to insert the words "public armed vessels and" before the word "gun-boats"; and, after a short debate between Messrs. Cuts, Dana, Lyon, Randolph, Macon & Troup, agreed to, Ayes 70.
Mr. Randolph reported a bill authorizing a summary mode of procedure against marshals and their deputies, who have received money by virtue of executions issued from the courts of the United States. Twice read and committed.
Mr. Eppes from the Committee of Ways and Means, reported a bill supplementary to an act entitled "An act making further provision for the support of public credit and for the redemption of the public debt." This bill is reported according to the recommendation of the Secretary of the Treasury, to explain the act authorizing the borrowing of money, if necessary, to discharge the annual installments of the public debt. Twice read and committed.
FOREIGN RELATIONS.
On motion of Mr. G. Jackson the committee of the whole was discharged, Yeas, 130, from the further consideration of the bill for amend-
ing and continuing in force the non-intercourse, &c. And it was re-committed for amendment. Two attempts were made by Mr. Gardner, the one to refer the bill to a different committee with instructions, and the other to instruct the committee of foreign relations to report the whole of the system judged proper to be retained, in one bill. The House refused to consider the motion in both instances; in the first 66 to 52; and in the second, 66 to 59.
Messrs. Bassett, Pitkin and Desha, successively occupied the chair of the Committee of the whole on the bill respecting the board of commissioners of Kaskaskia, the bill declaring the assent of Congress to a certain act of the legislature of S. Carolina, and the bill supplementary to an act for carrying into effect a treaty with the Chickasaw Indians, &c. which were severally ordered to the third reading to-morrow.
WEDNESDAY, June 7. Erastus Root, a member from New York, appeared and took his seat.
Mr. Bibb presented a petition of sundry inhabitants of the state of Georgia, who were employed as cavalry in the expedition to the Sabine in 1806, praying compensation for their services in this expedition. Referred to the Committee of Claims.
Mr. Southard made a farther report of unfinished business; which was ordered to lie on the table.
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.
Mr. Love having made some observations on the uncertainty with which any committee would now present business to the house until some decision was had as to the time at which Congress should adjourn, moved the following resolution, with a view to regulate the conduct of a committee of the house in preparing business: "Resolved, That the committee on the District of Columbia be instructed to report what subjects referred to them it will be necessary to act on during the present session." After some opposition from Messrs. Pitkin, Smilie, Bibb, Dana, & Bassett, on the ground of the propriety of shortening the session, instead of extending it, and reply by Messrs. Love and Van Horn, the motion was negatived.
Mr. Burwell reported a bill making further appropriations to complete the fortifications already commenced, and to erect such fortifications as may be judged necessary for the security of the Northern and Western frontiers of the United States. Twice read and referred.
Mr. Dana reported a bill for the benefit of the seamen of the U. States. [This bill requires the mate, and at least a majority of the mariners on board any vessel, to be citizens of the U. States, in order to entitle the vessel to the benefits of a vessel of the U. States; and prescribes the various amendments to the navigation laws of the U. States, so as to accommodate them to the proposed regulation.] Twice read and committed.
Mr. Lewis asked (the fourth time) for the consideration of the resolution for appointing a committee to inquire into the propriety of removing the military academy from West Point to Washington. On the question for considering it, 82 gentlemen only rose in the affirmative.
Mr. Livermore, with a view of limiting the business to be done during the session, moved "that no petition of a private nature shall be received by this house after Monday next, during the present session of Congress." This motion was opposed by Mr. T. G. Jackson on the ground of inexpediency as well as unconstitutionality; for he contended that the constitution, securing the right of the people peaceably to petition for a redress of grievances, prohibited the house from refusing to receive their petitions. It was replied by Messrs. Livermore and Good that it might as well be urged, from the constitution, that Congress should never adjourn whilst a petition or grievance could be offered to the house; that the petitions would be in fact merely laid on the table, which was the ordinary course of every day. The motion was negatived by yeas and nays—Yeas 17, nays 164.
Mr. Eppes, from the committee of Ways and Means, reported a bill making an appropriation for defraying the expenses of stationery, printing, &c. for the two Houses of Congress during the present session. Twice read and committed.
Mr. Sawyer called for the consideration of his resolution, laid on the table yesterday, for appointing a standing committee to be called the committee of Manufactures. The House refused to consider it—Ayes 35.
The bill authorizing the appointment of an agent for the land office at Kaskaskia, and making compensation to the commissioners and clerk; the bill supplementary to the act entitled, "An act for carrying into effect a treaty with the Chickasaw Indians, and for establishing a land office in the Mississippi Territory;" and the bill continuing in force the act declaring the assent of Congress to an act of the legislature of South Carolina, passed in 1804—were severally read a third time and passed.
DOMESTIC MANUFACTURES.
Mr. Bacon called for the consideration of the following resolution, laid on the table a few days ago by him:
Resolved, That the Secretary of the Treasury be directed to prepare and report to this house at their next session, a plan for the application of such means as are within the power of Congress, for the purpose of protecting and fostering the manufactures of the U. States; together with a statement of the several manufacturing establishments which have been commenced, the progress which has been made in them, and the success with which they have been attended; and such other information, as in the opinion of the secretary, shall be material in exhibiting a general view of the manufactures of the U. States.
Mr. Bacon remarked that if the house had any disposition to do any thing towards the advancement of manufactures of the country, the proper course would be to call for information on which they could act, as proposed by the resolution. For himself, however, desirous to aid manufactures without information on which he could rely, he did not feel himself prepared to act.
Mr. Lyon remarked that twenty years ago a similar reference of the subject had been made to the Secretary of the Treasury, and a long report has been received, on which no proceedings were had. And this would be the case with the proposed report. It was intended but to allay by procrastination the little zeal which was now displayed by some members in favor of manufactures. If nothing was done now, he said he should despair of any thing ever being done to encourage manufactures; and this motion was evidently intended to give the subject the go-by.
Mr. Lyon moved to amend the resolution by striking out the words "at their next session," the time at which the Secretary of the Treasury is directed to report to the House, a plan for the encouragement of manufactures: with a view to make the resolution
obligatory on the Secretary to report during the present session. The motion was negatived without a division.
Mr. Van Horn moved to amend the resolution by striking out all that part requiring the Secretary of the Treasury to report a plan. He stated his reasons to be that he wished not to vote upon a plan reported by any head of department, however great confidence he might have in them; for he thought the House were competent themselves to originate a plan. He feared too that some plan might be proposed which would injure the agricultural interest; and the weight of a recommendation from so respectable an authority he well knew. He thought that Congress could themselves, by amending and regulating duties and drawbacks, sufficiently encourage manufactures, without any specific plan being laid down.
Mr. Bacon said it had long ago been decided in this government, that when a call was made for information on the heads of Departments, it was also within the rules of correct proceeding to require the officer so called upon to prepare and digest a plan on the subject on which information was called for. And he feared no injury which would result from such a course, though much good might.
After some observations from Messrs. Quincy and Dana, against the amendment, and Mr. Bibb in support of it, Mr. Van Horn's motion was negatived, Ayes 19.
Mr. Kennedy having called for the Yeas and Nays, on the passage of the resolution.
Messrs. Gardner and Randolph opposed it at length on the general ground of the inexpediency of legislative interference for the encouragement of manufactures; each gentleman appearing to consider it as a pledge or commencement of a system, for fostering manufactures by legislative acts.
Mr. Quincy supported it as calling for information on which the House might legislate; as they could not properly legislate on any subject without information.
The question was then decided, Ayes 92, Noes 38.
THURSDAY, June 8.
Mr. Nelson reported a bill appropriating a sum of money for the completion of the Cumberland road. Twice read & committed.
Mr. Love reported a bill to amend the charter of Alexandria. Twice read & committed.
Mr. Gardner presented the petition of sundry manufacturers of salt, praying an increase of duty on imported salt. Referred to the committee of commerce and manufactures.
Mr. Milnor presented a petition of sundry manufacturers of hats, also praying for an increase of duty on imported hats. Referred.
A communication was received from the Secretary of the Navy in pursuance of a resolution of the House of the 26th ult. requiring an account of the actual expense of the cost and equipment of gun-boats, as well as a statement of their number, and the time that they have been actually employed. Referred to the committee on naval establishments.
Mr. Findley, from the committee to whom was referred the petitions on the subject of the right of Charles Turner, junr. to the seat now occupied by Wm. Baylies, as the Representative of Plymouth district, Mass. made a detailed report, and stated the request of the sitting member that the decision of the case should be postponed until next session, for reasons which he stated; to which request the committee had acceded. The report was referred and made the order of the day for Monday next.
FORTIFICATIONS.
On motion of Mr. Burwell, the House resolved itself into a committee of the whole, Mr. Desha in the chair, on the bill to make appropriations to complete the fortifications commenced for the security of the ports and such fortifications as may be necessary for the protection of the Northern frontiers of the U. States.
Mr. Burwell moved to fill the blank in the bill for the sum to be appropriated with the words one hundred and fifty thousand dollars. He said he deemed it proper to observe that by referring to the letter of the Secretary of War, it would be found that of 450,000 dollars appropriated, there remained unexpended 185,000 dollars. The sum of 150,000, in addition to this, would make about 335,000 dollars for the expenditure of this year. At the last session of Congress, when the situation of the country was extremely different from what it now was, only the sum of 450,000 dollars had been appropriated; so that 150,000 dollars had been not only the surplus remaining unexpended, but too little for the service of the remainder of this year. And on the other hand, as it was contemplated to retrench somewhat the expenses of the military and naval establishments, it would not exceed the general estimate of the expense of defensive operations for the present year. From the movements among the Indians and the resolutions of the Legislature of Kentucky calling upon the government for the erection of fortifications on the Western and Northern frontier, it had been thought proper to give the President a discretionary power to erect new fortifications there. It would scarcely be necessary to say any thing to the House on the propriety of finishing those already commenced. Were congress to stop at this time, it would be very evident that they would tumble into ruin; and the money so expended would in fact be thrown away.
Mr. Holland said he was certainly opposed to filling the blanks in the bill with so large a sum. It was generally allowed that we should stand in need of all the money in the Treasury, and not a single cent ought to be appropriated but for matters of the first necessity. Where was the necessity of completing the works already begun. If it was necessary to complete them, he conceived that there was a way in which they could be erected at a less expense than at present, and that was by the standing force of the country. There were upwards of 6000 troops in the service of the United States who passed their time in perfect idleness. Why had not a part of their time been devoted to this object? They certainly could not be better employed. A small portion of the time of the soldiers thus employed would conduce to their health—it would also reconcile the people to the military, and contribute to do away the odium attached to them.
Mr. H. concluded by moving to fill the blank with 15,000, which with 185,000 unexpended, would make 200,000 dollars, sufficient to expend before the next meeting of Congress.
Mr. Cook was in favor of a larger sum than that proposed. He did not know that the military were not already employed on fortifications—but even if they were, the expenses for materials were much greater than the expense of workmanship. The best mode of preventing war, he said, would be to be prepared for it. And if not, should our preparations be now relaxed, until we had better assurances of peace with foreign nations? He hoped not.
Mr. Fisk said he found by the report of the secretary of War that the sum of $750,000 would be sufficient to cover the expenditures of the present year, and most probably to complete the fortifications already commenced. It was now said by the chairman of the committee (Mr. Burwell) that only 150,000 dollars were now wanted. Mr. F. said it surely would not be necessary for him to remark that the season for carrying on the works would have expired at the commencement of the next session of Congress, and that whatever could be expended in the present year must be before the next meeting of Congress. He was in favor of the sum called for by the Secretary of War, viz. $750,000. He observed that he spoke from his own knowledge when he said that the United States embarrassed their agents and contractors for the public works by the scanty appropriations which they made. The fortifications of New-York had been commenced, as was justly observed, on an enlarged and permanent plan. What had given rise to this extension of the plan? Danger of war, certainly. And had the storm of war already subsided? And should fortifications be abandoned because there was a hope that it might blow over? He said he too believed it the best policy of the nation in peace to make preparations for war. It was the wish of the nation that the country should be fortified. The Secretary had called for 750,000 dollars for the present year. If 150,000 only were appropriated, it would amount to an abandonment of the works already commenced—the artists employed must be discharged, and it would be almost impossible to get them together again. It did not follow, if 750,000 should be no more than necessary, that the money would be drawn from the Treasury. On the contrary there was now an unexpended balance of 185,000 dollars remaining in the Treasury of the last appropriation. He moved to fill the blank with 750,000 dollars.
At this moment a bill was received from the Senate making an appropriation for fortifications, &c.
The committee rose & the bill from the Senate, which immediately took it into consideration. [The bill appropriates seven hundred and fifty thousand dollars for completing the fortifications commenced, and erecting new fortifications on the northern and western frontiers.]
Mr. Newton moved to amend the bill by inserting the word "Eastern" between the words "Northern" and "and," with a view to the erection of fortifications in Virginia and elsewhere. Negatived.
Mr. Burwell moved to strike out seven and insert one hundred and fifty, &c.
This motion was negatived in the committee, and the bill having been reported to the House, it was renewed.
This motion gave rise to a debate of two or three hours, in which Messrs. Ross, Gardner, W. Alston, Newton, Dana, Gold, Tallmadge, Quincy, Fisk and Eppes opposed the motion; and Messrs. Holland, Burwell and Gholson supported it. [This debate hereafter.]
And on the question of striking out the word "seven" with a view to insert one, the votes stood as follows:
YEAS—Messrs. L. J. Alston, Bard, Bassett, Bibb, Boyd, Robert Brown, Burwell, Butler, Calhoun, Clay, Clopton, Cochran, Crawford, Crist, Cuts, Desha, Eppes, Franklin, Gannett, Gholson, Goodwyn, Holland, Johnson, Kenan, Kennedy, Love, Lyle, Mason, Montgomery, T. Moore, Morrow, J. Porter, Randolph, Rea, (Pen.) Richards, Roane, Sawyer, Seaver, Shaw, Smilie, J. Smith, S. Smith, Southard, Stanfield, Swoope, Whitehill, Winn and Witherspoon—47.
NAYS—Messrs. W. Alston, J. Brown, Campbell, J. C. Chamberlain, W. Chamberlain, Champion, Chittenden, Cook, Cox, Dana, Davenport, Dawson, Ely, Emott, Findley, Fisk, Gardner, Gant, Goldsborough, Gold, Hale, Haven, Heister, Helms, Howard, Hubbard, Hufsty, R. Jackson, Jenkins, Jones, Knickerbacker, Lewis, Livermore, Livingston, Lyon, Marion, Matthews, McBride, McKim, Miller, Milnor, N. R. Moore, Moseley, Mumford, Nelson, Newbold, Newton, Nicholas, Nicholson, Pearson, Pickman, Pitkin, P. B. Porter, Quincy, Rhea, (Ten.) Root, Ross, Sage, Sammons, Say, Sheffey, George Smith, Stanley, Stedman, Stephenson, Sturges, Taggart, Tallmadge, Taylor, Thompson, Tracy, Troup, Uphaam, Van Horn, Van Rensselaer, Weakley, Wheaton, Whitman and Wilson—84.
So that the House refused to insert a smaller sum than seven hundred and fifty thousand dollars. And the bill was ordered to be read a third time to-morrow.
RECRUITING SERVICE SUSPENDED.
A bill was also received from the Senate to suspend for a limited time the recruiting service of the United States. [This bill proposes a suspension of the recruiting service till twenty days after the next meeting of Congress.]—Twice read and committed.
EUROPE.
NEW-YORK, June 6.
LATEST NEWS FROM SPAIN.
The ship Eliza-Ann, captain Burr, arrived at this port yesterday in 40 days from Cadiz. Captain Burr informs us, verbally, that on the morning he sailed from Cadiz, an express arrived there from Seville, with intelligence that a division of the French army was within five leagues of Seville, and that the Junta were removing to Cadiz. Another French division was marching along the coast of the Mediterranean; and it was supposed these two divisions would form a junction and proceed immediately to attack Cadiz. Five British ships of the line were there, preparing to take off the French fleet. All the French prisoners had been sent to Minorca and Majorca. King Joseph remained at Madrid. A division of the French army had entered Portugal, and taken Oporto, with all the shipping in the harbor. It was said, that a British army of 23,000 men were in Lisbon.
Captain Burr has brought dispatches for the Secretary of State. Markets dull for American produce—Brandy 68 dollars per pipe. All American vessels are subjected to a quarantine of forty days.

TRANSLATED FROM SPANISH PAPERS. SEVILLE, April 15. The Portuguese army, commanded by General Silveira, consisting of 15,000 men, is near Braga, and expected shortly to be joined by three thousand more, who are now at the bridge of Lima, under the command of Marshal Botelho. In Vienna, every thing is prepared for defence. In the city of Condes there is not a single Frenchman, and the whole province is united to resist them. The French army consists of from nine to ten thousand men.
All Galicia is rising. The Marquis de la Romana informs, that he has taken the town of Villa Franca by assault, and made prisoners of the best regiment belonging to the French empire.
Extract of a letter from a gentleman of extensive political information, to his friend in this City, dated Cadiz, 19th April, 1809.
"The political state of this country and Portugal, I consider better than it has been for some time past. The French army, which had penetrated as far as the borders of this province, and even at one time threatened Seville, has (from some unknown cause,) again retroceded, and has taken its position on the Guadiana; whilst General Cuesta, who commands the Spanish army opposed to it, again advances, receiving reinforcements daily; and by the last night's post we hear, that the French continue their retreat. Catalonia is evacuated, Barcelona excepted. Vigo has been retaken, with 1,300 French. Galicia has risen generally, and has gained some important advantages under their leader the Marquis Romana; while Asturias is in arms, without exception as to age or quality.
The American ships detained at Algesiras, have been released, and have sailed from thence. Payment has been received for such part of their cargoes as had not been taken by the government.
LATEST FROM ENGLAND. The ship Wells, from Liverpool, has arrived at Boston, has arrived at Boston. We have received no other information by this arrival, than what is communicated in the following extracts. The Boston papers by to-morrow's mail, will probably contain some late accounts from the European continent.
The arrival of the dispatch-ship Pacific, at Falmouth, (as announced below,) is a fact which we communicate with pleasure.
Extract of a letter from Messrs. Hughes and Duncan, dated Liverpool, April 15.
"We have now to advise you that express have this day been received here, with accounts of the arrival of the Pacific from New York, with dispatches, at Falmouth, and of the Sally off Dartmouth from Charleston, which she left on the 19th ult. The intelligence brought by them of the partial removal of the embargo, and of the passing of the non-intercourse against Great Britain and France, has put an end to the uncertainty which had for some days prevailed here on these points. The holders of American produce had begun to draw conclusions favorable to their interests from the circumstance that no vessels had arrived in this country from the U. States in so long a period after the termination of Congress; and prices have of late been gradually advancing. The effects on our market produced by this information, shall be communicated from time to time.—Ref's Phil. Gazette.
LATEST FROM PORTUGAL. FROM THE BOSTON GAZETTE, JUNE 9.
Yesterday arrived the brig Julian, Capt. Williams, 40 days from Lisbon. The French had not made any movements towards Lisbon. Sir David Baird had just arrived with 7000 troops from England, which increased the British forces on that station to 25,000—the Portuguese army was 30,000 strong, well equipped, and in high spirits. The combined forces had got in possession of all the heights and passes for 25 miles round, completely fortified, and were determined to make a stand against the French, if they approached.
Captain W. confirms the report of capture of Oporto by the French. Also, the capture of Oporto by the French. After the surrender of Oporto, it was given up to the troops for plunder during three days, wherein the most horrid excesses were committed.
The accounts from Spain were contradictory; but little dependence relied on them. Extract of a letter from Lisbon, dated April 22, 1809.
"Our political situation seems to be strengthening daily, reinforcements are arriving, and no means spared to defend this place; the enemy seems shy of making advances, which is descriptive of weakness in numbers on his part. The rise or fall in value of produce from your country materially depends upon the turn of army affairs."
Another extract of the same date. "Trade promises assuming a great degree of activity in this port, if the French are kept out of the country, which we have now great hopes of, as we have had important reinforcements from England."
DOMESTIC. NEW-YORK, May 28.
We learn that the U. States' troops at present stationed on the north and northwest frontiers of this state, consisting of six companies, under the command of Colonel Simonds, are ordered to break up from their present cantonments, and march for WEST-POINT. It is hoped the government have it in contemplation to place the works at this memorable and important post in a state of complete repair. It is said that the six new regiments will be compressed into three regiments. Such an arrangement will enable the government to dispense with a number of officers, without an injury to the service.
WASHINGTON, June 9. The Sloop of War, the ENTERPRIZE, will sail without delay from the port of New York for Holland, and will be stationed off the Texel, to afford information to the commanders of the merchant vessels of the United States, as to the ports of Holland and of the North of Europe, to which they may safely proceed with their cargoes. Nat. Int.
The votes for Governor and Lieut. Governor of Massachusetts having been officially counted, it appears that for Governor, Christopher Gore, fed. had 47,916 Levi Lincoln, rep. 45,118 And that for Lieut. Governor, David Cobb had 47,540 Joseph B. Varum 44,729
Extract of a letter written by a respectable Gentleman residing at Mobile, to a member of Congress, dated April 22. "The Spaniards in the neighborhood of this place appear to have given up their mother country as irrecoverably lost. A convention of provincial governors and other Spanish officers is about to take place at the Havanna—and rumor (which substitutes explanations for every thing) says their object is to establish their Independence. I mention this more because of its plausibility, and to me, acceptable texture, than from any particular ground which I have had to test its correctness. Indeed it is next to impossible to ascertain with any precision what these people intend doing; but that some important measures are to be adopted at the contemplated convention at the Havanna, there can be no doubt." Nat. Int.
EDWARD LLOYD, Esq. has been chosen Governor of Maryland, vice Robert Wright resigned.
THE ENQUIRER. RICHMOND, JUNE 13. 1809. FOR THE ENQUIRER.
The Senate of the United States is at this moment employed in discussing the propriety of retaining so much of the non-intercourse law, as prohibits the entrance of armed vessels into our ports. This is now the only provision of that law, which applies to Great Britain. Mr. Giles has brought forward a proposition, to make this restriction a sort of permanent regulation—applicable to all the public ships of all foreign states.
That we have a right to make this regulation, is not to be doubted. It has been exercised by some nations—it is asserted by all the soundest writers on the laws of nations. It is a mere municipal regulation, which, if it be exercised with impartiality, is strictly compatible with the nature and rights of neutrality. It flows, indeed, from the very idea of the sovereignty of a nation. The same right which any government has to make laws for the land, it also possesses to make laws for its own harbors, and those waters which are embraced within the sphere of its maritime jurisdiction. This theory is most clearly and succinctly stated by Azuni in his treatise on "Maritime Law;" the only writer on the laws of nations, whom I shall quote, and to him indeed, the reader will be abundantly indebted for the greatest part of this sketch. What says he, page 181, vol. 1? "The sea, as well as land, ought to be considered as consecrated to the wants, the conveniences and enjoyments of man. In this point of view, it presents the same properties, and the same considerations that gave rise to the establishment of territorial sovereignty. All that is said of land, as to the principles and effects of domain and empire, is applicable, therefore, to territorial seas. Domain extends to those things only, which may be exhausted by use, and are easily occupied. The productions of the sea are limited. The land does not yield the same fruits in every region, nor does the sea, in all parts of the world, afford the same riches. Coral, pearls, amber, tunnies and whales, which constitute the richest class of marine productions, are found only, or at least in great abundance, in the Red Sea, on the coasts of Sardinia, in the East, at Greenland, and the North. Can it be doubted, that the rich pearls of Bahrein, el Kalif, Ceylon, may lawfully become the property of an individual?" Again—"Every nation may appropriate things, the use of which, if left free and common, would be greatly to its prejudice. This is another reason, why maritime powers may extend their domain along the sea coast, as far as it is possible to defend their rights. It is essential to their security and the welfare of their dominions, that an unlimited freedom of approach to their territories, should not be allowed to every one, especially with ships of war, whose presence may prevent the access of commercial nations, and interrupt navigation.—If we attend to what antient writers have said, on this subject, as well as to the history of every age, we shall find, that the right of the sovereigns of the sea coast, to forbid the ships of strangers from entering or approaching the harbors and roads, within their dominions, has been established without interruption."
This idea of restricting the entrance of public ships into the United States, has been adopted as the policy of some nations. The Egyptians shut their ports against strangers. The Greeks obliged the King of Persia not to allow his fleets to approach their coasts nearer than the distance of a horse race (ippon dromos); he even bound himself not to navigate, with armed vessels, within the Cynanean rocks, and the Chelidonian islands. "On the same principle," says Azuni, is founded the usage, constantly followed by the powers of Europe, of not admitting into their ports, whole fleets of other nations, but only a certain number of ships, except they belong to their allies." Mably, in his Droit public de l'Europe, tom. 2. p. 309 states, that this number is commonly confined to six vessels. In the treaty between England and Holland, in 1674, the number of ships is fixed at eight. In the treaty between France and the King of the Two Sicilies, in 1796, the number of armed ships is confined to four. These facts evidently confirm another of Mr. Giles's ideas; that this is one of those things which may be properly regulated by treaty.
In a subsequent part of his work, M. Azuni more specifically treats this subject. He devotes one complete Article to the "right of asylum granted to belligerents in the ports or seas of neutrals." He distinguishes two very different modes of proceeding, which have been adopted by neutral nations, in admitting into their ports the privateers or ships of war of belligerent powers. "The usage of some ports, says he, is to grant to privateers, or armed cruisers, permission only to anchor in case of immediate danger, and to supply themselves with such articles of the first necessity, as they may want, without allowing them a free communication with the land, or permitting them to come on shore; so that they are treated as if they were infected with some contagious disease. When the sea has become calm and they have supplied themselves with provisions, they are obliged to set sail and depart immediately with their prizes. Such was the practice adopted in the ports of the King of the Two Sicilies, during the famous war of 1740, and 1756, and by the King of Sardinia, in the war of 1778.—Privateers and ships of war are received with more indulgence in other states. After the government of the port has ascertained that they are lawfully armed, after they have complied with all the requisite formalities, in regard to health, and have undergone the quarantine, to which vessels of war are subjected, with more strictness than any other, on account of the irregularity of their cruising, and the different vessels they visit, an entire and free communication with the port & city, is not refused to them, so long as they observe the rules established in this respect"—among which are, "not to keep watch in the port, nor endeavor to gain information of the vessels of their enemy, which are expected to arrive there"—nor "to lie in wait and be ready to chase the vessels of their enemy"—nor in any manner hinder the approach of any nation whatever, to the ports and shores of neutral powers." He then lays down, as his opinion, that "the question of asylum is to be determined according to the motives which induced vessels of war to enter the neutral port." According to him, there are three causes. "The first, and most usual, is the pressing wants of the ship and crew; that is to say, in order to avoid the danger of violent winds and currents, in keeping too near the land, for the sake of repair, to procure rigging, to get provisions, to water and to land the sick. The second is for the purpose of joining other ships of the same nation, in order to form a squadron, or to sail in company. The third is, to avoid or escape from the superior force of an enemy." The first and last, he admits to be adequate reasons for an asylum—the second he holds to be untenable ground.
But whatever may have been the motives which have led foreign vessels into our ports, it is a fact, that they have abused the sanctuary of the asylum to which they repaired. Little can be said against the French, who have comparatively fewer vessels on the seas, and whose commanders have almost always respected the territorial rights of the U. S. They have at least done so, since the war of 1807. But of the vessels of G. Britain, many complaints have been deservedly made. Who have kept watch in our ports, endeavoring to gain information of the vessels of their enemy, which were expected to arrive there?" The British. Who have lain in wait in bays or gulfs, on the lookout and ready to chase the vessels of the enemy?" Who have made "the hospitalities of our ports subservient to the annoyance of our trade, both outward and inward?" Consult Mr. Madison's letter to Mr. Rose for the answer. Who, within the acknowledged limits of the U. S. has "impressed and carried off a number of seamen, and passengers into the service of ships of war?" The British. Who murdered Pierce—who burnt the Impetueux within our jurisdictional limits? The British.
Such then being the evils, where is the redress? It is well known that the British government do not punish their own officers for such aggressions. Hence the U. States are bound to grasp the means of coercion in their own hands. Salus populi est suprema lex. It is for this purpose that the Congress of the U. S. have given an authority to the Executive to forbid by proclamation the entrance of any one offending vessel or if it be necessary, all the public vessels of that nation, which shall trample on our rights. As the non-intercourse law is supposed to repeal these discretionary laws, it is surely incumbent on Congress to revive them, if they should not be disposed to adopt Mr. Giles's resolution. But are there no grounds for adopting this resolution? Does not the uniform series of insults, which we have received particularly from British vessels, impose the necessity of some more coercive regulation? I am not for excluding these vessels altogether from our jurisdiction—it will perhaps be better to trust the provision on this subject to the treaty-making power, because that may induce G. B. to offer some new security for the good conduct of her cruisers—but at all events, whether it be regulated by law or referred to treaty, do not the circumstances which I have enumerated, point out the necessity of placing some additional check upon that free ingress of foreign vessels into our ports, which they have hitherto enjoyed? Let them come in for the purposes of seeking asylum from storms, enemies and for obtaining urgent repairs—but let their number be limited—let the period of remaining in our ports be limited—let these regulations apply as well as to our marine league of jurisdiction on our coasts, as to our ports. Is there not enough in these circumstances, at least, to excuse any man for thinking that it is high time to adopt some additional restraint upon public ships? Must the man who brings forward such a proposition as Mr. Giles's be necessarily charged, as he has been by the Baltimore Federal prints, with an attachment to France, an enmity to G. B. and a desire to obstruct the approaching negotiation? For shame! Let the spirit of party blush, if such men as Messrs. Livermore and Hanson can blush, for the illiberality of their insinuations. But it is urged, that this resolution is calculated solely for the good of France. How so? Have not the French armed ships as much, nay, a greater occasion for the use of our ports, than their rivals? They have not a single port of their own on this continent to touch at, and rest. Whereas the British have Halifax, and Bermuda, both of them convenient to the U. States.—Again; so far as respects the touching at our ports for the purpose of lying in wait for the merchant ships of their enemy, the advantage is principally on the side of France.—The French have few of such ships about—but the British have many merchant ships, coming into our ports, which may be the ready victims of French privateers. But it is said that this resolution displays not the proper degree of resistance to the French Decrees. How so? The proclamation of the President about British vessels—and the affair of the Chesapeake, have always been separated, in the eyes of our government at least, from the British orders—why then should a greater connection exist between the French decrees & the interdiction of French public ships? Besides, this argument proves nothing—for this very resolution still provides for the exclusion of the French flag.
The Eliza from Cadiz reports, that the ships Acacahuet, Danbar, Vigilant, Orne,
and Franklin had been seized by the American Consul for violations of the Embargo laws, to be sent to the U. S. for adjudication.
At a PUBLIC DINNER given at the Bell-Tavern on the 16th inst. in consequence of the renewal of Commerce between this country and Great-Britain, Capt. ROBERT MITCHELL, formerly Mayor of this City, was unanimously appointed President, and D. Wm. WARDLAW Vice-President. After Dinner the following TOASTS were drunk. 1. The act we celebrat—May it be beneficial to our Country, and produce a speedy and happy accommodation of all our differences with the Belligerent powers. Three cheers. 2. In end to party distinction—Oblivion to denunciations, and an honest emulation for the public good. Six Cheers. 3. Peace and a happy government to all nations. Three Cheers. 4. The Constitution of the United States. Nine Cheers. 5. The President of the United States. Nine Cheers. 6. The Judiciary of the United States. Nine Cheers. 7. The Memory of Gen. Geo. Washington and the other Heroes of our revolution. Nine Cheers. 8. The Congress of the United States—May its deliberations be guided by wisdom, and its decisions beneficial to our country. Three Cheers. 9. The press when free, a blessing—When polluted and partial, a curse. Six Cheers. 10. The right of election—When exercised uninfluenced by party papers, or party men, one of the best safeguards of our Republic. Three Cheers. 11. The Union of the states—indispensable necessary for our liberty and prosperity. Nine Cheers. 12. Agriculture, Commerce and Manufactures. Three Cheers. 13. The Militia of the United States. Three Cheers. 14. Confusion to Tyranny, and a speedy emancipation to those oppressed. Six Cheers. 15. Wholesome Laws—Honest and vigilant Officers. Six Cheers. 16. To the Government of the United States—its rights—to the individual states, their rights. Nine Cheers. 17. The American fair—Their smiles, our delight, their Virtue our praise. Seventeen Cheers.
VOLUNTEERS. By the President—Thomas Jefferson, sur late President, who promoted the public good while in office, and who merits public favor. By the Vice-President—The land we live in, happy and independent.
CRITICUS unavoidably postponed.
DIED, on Sunday night, CAPTAIN WILLIAM RICHARDSON, Captain of the Light Infantry Blues, and Master of Police of this City—a most worthy and respectable inhabitant—respected and regretted by all who knew him. He was buried, last evening, with military honors.
NEW BOOK-STORE—Lewis Adams, has taken the Store, on the corner of the main street, & the street leading to the basin, between the Eagle and Globe-Taverns, on the same side, where he has opened and has for sale, an elegant assortment of BOOKS, in the different department of science. His collection of LAW, is the most extensive of any in Richmond, and generally of the best editions, and well bound. He has also a good assortment of Medical Books, of Dictionaries, History, Miscellany, the Latin Classics, and most of the School-Books in general use; a handsome assortment of Quills, Letter and Writing Paper, Sealing Wax and Wafers, Camels Hair & Drawing Pens, Reeves' Colours, Indian Ink, Rulers, Files and Piddlestrings, &c. He has likewise, a very handsome selection of the Poets; a good collection of Novels, Romances & Plays. As it is his intention to keep up his assortment with the addition of every new work of merit as they appear from the Presses of Philadelphia and New-York, he hopes, by his assiduity and attention to his customers, in procuring for them any work to be had of either of those places in the shortest notice, to gain their confidence, and merit a portion of their generous patronage. He aspires his friends and the public, that his Books shall all be at the regular New-York and Philadelphia prices, from which a liberal discount will be made to those who may please to become his constant customers, and purchase to any considerable amount.
Law Libraries will be furnished on very liberal terms as to discount or credit. Lewis Adams has the pleasure of announcing to the public at this time, the following new, interesting and valuable publications just received. Malthus on Population, bound and in boards, 5 6 7 8.—Gillie's History of the World, from the reign of Alexander to that of Augustus; 5 vols 8 vo. $7 50.—Vol. 1. Heling and Munford's Reports.—A new edition 8 vo. 8 vo. (vol. 2 expected in a few days.)—Struggles through Life, by Lt. John Harriott, exemplified in the various travels and adventures, in Europe, Asia, Africa and America.—An interesting work.—Also, (price $2 in 2 vols.)—Thaddeus of Warsaw, by Miss Porter.
This work has more merit than can be ascribed to the crowd of publications of this class, and inculcates virtue and magnanimous sentiments." Monthly Review. "Thaddeus is a work of genius, and has nothing to fear at the candid bar of taste, he has to receive the precious meed of sympathy from every reader of unsophisticated sentiments and genuine feeling."—Imperial Review.
Among the books last received are: Howard's Chancery, Finche's do. Evans' Essays; Matilda Berkeley, Humphrey Clinker; Ash's Travels in America, Davis's Sermons; Paley's do. Campbell's Lectures on Ecclesiastical History, &c. &c. A consignment of Fresh RAISINS, of different qualities, which will be sold at reduced prices for cash, or exchanged for country produce. Also, a consignment of Lee's Patent and Family MEDICINES. June 13. tf
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD.—Ran away, about the 14th of last month, from the subscriber, residing in the city of Richmond, a Mulatto Man named GEORGE, about 23 or 24 years of age. He is, I believe, about 5 feet 9 or 10 inches high, with rather large limbs, and is a little knock-kneed; his complexion is tolerably bright, and his hair is rather more straight than that of mulattoes generally. He has lost the first joint of his middle or fore finger of one of his hands, which, I think, is the right hand, but the finger is perfectly cured. I do not recollect any other visible mark by which I can describe him. I am informed that he has changed his name, & it is probable that he will, with forged papers, attempt to pass as a free man. All boatmen and masters or skippers of vessels, are particularly cautioned against carrying him away. The above reward will be given to any person who will bring the said slave to me, or apprehend him so that I may recover him. J. POBINSON. June 13.
LAND FOR SALE—Will be sold, to the highest bidder, on the 18th day of July next, the tract of Land, whereon the late David Owen, deceased, containing 475 acres, lying in the county of Powhatan, about four miles from the court-house. There are two settlements on this Land, on each of which is a good orchard, from which a considerable quantity of excellent cyder is annually made: the quality of the Land is such as is usually to be found in the neighborhood; it will be divided into two lots, or sold in one, as may be most conducive to the interest of the estate.
The terms will be, 500 dollars paid on the day of sale, 500 dol. in six months, and the balance in two equal annual payments. Bond with approved security, and a deed of trust will be required of the purchaser, the bonds to carry interest from the date, if not punctually paid. Possession given the first day of Dec. next, with the privilege of sowing small grain the first of September next. Mr. George Owen, living on the land, will show it to those who may wish to view it. JOSEPH MAVO, Execr of the late will and testament of DAVID OWEN, Deed. June 13. FSN
WISH to hire ten or twelve able strong Men, to work at the water-works, & on the streets of Richmond. For such, I will give a generous price, for two or three months. JOHN P. SHELLY. June 13. w2w
NEW SYSTEM OF GEOGRAPHY. Catechetical Form.—John R. Jones, N.W. corner of the main street, and that leading to the basin, nearly opposite to the Eagle-Tavern; has just recd. a new and easy system of
GEOGRAPHY. And Popular Astronomy, or an introduction to Universal Geography; containing, 1st. A description of all the Empires, Kingdoms, Republics, &c. &c. in the known world, according to the latest discoveries and political changes, with an account of their chief towns, climate, soil and productions, national character, literature, government, &c. &c. 2nd. Popular Astronomy, being a selection from some of the best modern authors, who have treated of that science. The whole arranged in a catechetical form, for the use of Schools, as well as the improvement of private readers.—Price 150 cents. The subscribers are requested to call for their copies. ALSO, THE PLAT'S OF Wm. Shakespeare, the first complete edition in America, from the text of the best editors of Shakespeare. The first thirteen vols. are now published, and ready to be delivered to the Subscribers, who are respectfully invited to call for their copies. June 13. 3t
VALUABLE PROPERTY—FOR SALE—By virtue of a deed of trust from Robert Turner and George Turner, and Ann, the wife of the said George: Will be exposed to sale, at auction, by the subscriber, at the Bell-Tavern, on Wednesday, the 5th of next month, the following Property:
All that Tenement, lying on the cross-street that leads from the Bell-Tavern to the river, which was sold and conveyed by Daniel Couch, and Sarah his wife, to the said Robert and George Turner, by deed dated the 11th of Oct. 1808, and recorded in the General Court. All that Tenement lying on the street above mentioned, which was sold and conveyed, by the said Couch and wife, to the said Robert and George Turner, by deed dated the 11th of Oct. 1808, and recorded in the General Court. The latter Tenement is subject to an annual ground rent forever, of ten pounds. All that Lot or piece of Ground lying near to the city of Richmond, which was sold and conveyed by Bartlett Still, to the said Robert and George Turner, by deed dated the 10th of June, 1806, and recorded in the General Court. The terms of sale, as agreed between the parties concerned, are—one half cash—six months credit for the other half. The purchaser to give negotiable notes, with approved endorsers. On the day following, and on the terms above mentioned, will be exposed to sale, at auction, on the premises, some very valuable Ground, lying on Shockoe creek, between the city and Mr. Turner's mills. This ground will, previous to the day of sale, be laid off into lots of from one to two acres each. C. COPLAND, Trustee. June 13. td
FOR SALE, A Negro MAN, that has been regularly brought up to the House Carpenter's and Joiner's trade, is an excellent workman and would suit a gentleman that is about to make improvements on a plantation, or one who carries on that branch of business in the country—Enquire at this office. June 13. w3w
NOTICE.—Any person holding paper, by which the subscriber is bound, either by note, deed, bond or otherwise, are desired to come forward, for the purpose of settlement, & receive what may be due them. Wm. FULCHER. June 13. 3t
THE Subscriber offers for lease or sale, his MERCHANT MILL, in the upper end of Hanover county, on the south fork of Pamunkey river, about twenty-two miles from Richmond, and in either case, would annex (if desired) from fifty to two hundred acres of land; the mill was lately repaired, and is ready for business, possession may be had at any time. In case of a sale, landed property, conveniently situated, would be received in part payment; or long credit may be had on paying interest. MICAJAH CREW. 6th Mo. (June 13.) w4w
A NAIL MANUFACTORY is established at Petersburg, where two men of good character and ability, for cutting nails, are wanted who will receive good wages and constant employment. Apply at the head of High-Street, Petersburg. June 13. 4t
MANCHESTER Turnpike Company—Wanted to hire—Four Negro Men, till the end of the year. A liberal hire will be allowed, on application to the subscriber. JAMES BRANDER, Treasurer. June 13. 2w
LANDS FOR SALE—By virtue of a Deed of Trust, executed by John W. Baylor, late of the county of Albemarle, State of Virginia, to the Subscriber (of the county of Caroline,) to secure the payment of two sums of money, in said Deed expressed, due to Thos. Burke and Reuben Gatewood, late of the said county of Caroline: Will be sold on Thursday, the 29th day of June, 1809, at the old Dwelling House where Major Henry Burke formerly lived, on the premises to the highest bidder, conformable to an Act of the last General Assembly, passed the 31st day of January, 1809, concerning executions and for other purposes: 1825 acres of good farming and tobacco LAND, lying on Buck Mountain Creek, in the aforesaid county of Albemarle, or so much thereof, as will be sufficient to pay the aforesaid debts and interest, together with the costs of sale.
The above LAND was formerly the property of Maj. Henry Burke, deceased, which was purchased by the aforesaid Baylor, since his death, and will admit of being divided into three or four different lots, which may be done to accommodate purchasers if required. JOHN SHIP, Trustee. May 15. T6y

COMMUNICATION TO THE EDITOR OF THE ENQUIRER. SIR, I observe in your paper of the 30th ultimo, a communication from Doctor Gaither of Washington County (Kentucky) attested by respectable witnesses, relative to Intra-Muscular Abdominal Monstrosities. This lusus naturae , to one at least singular and unaccountable, is by no means to be considered as perfectly unique. In addition to the preparation, said to be in Cox's Museum Philadelphia, the following account is extracted from the Journal De Physique of Paris; and published in one of the numbers of the Medical and Surgical Journal edited at Edinburgh for the year 1806. As I have not, in my possession, the work alluded to, I shall relate the circumstance, as correctly as I can, from memory. And if I am, in the relation, guilty of any misrepresentation, I shall be happy to be set right by any gentleman, who may chance to have in his possession, the invaluable work alluded to. A boy in Paris had for some time previous to his death, laboured under an affection of the iliac region, which I am not certain; after death upon the abdominal cavity being opened, according to relate, a full grown fetus was extracted. This circumstance occurred in the presence of the most distinguished surgeons, and its authenticity is indubitable. Res certissima, causa later.
Here is a wide field for conjecture, and those who are fond of displaying their anatomical ingenuity, their physiological knowledge, and their pathological acumen, may here step forth on "fairy ground," & bid defiance to all the received opinions of conception from Hippocrates to the present day. This circumstance of per-factation , although buried in impenetrable obscurity, is not more singular than what is frequently observed in the ovaria of females. They are frequently the subject of disease, and hence the knife of the anatomist and surgeon, has detected in them substances of various kinds, as hair, teeth, bones &c. Doctor Denman under the article of Inflammation, & Cancer of the Cancer of the Ovaries, has the following remarks: "It is very remarkable that in diseases of the Ovaries, teeth, hair, bones and other extraneous animal substances are found in them so frequently, that there is scarce a collection of anatomical curiosities, in which there are not various examples. These substances have hitherto been considered as remnants, or parts of an imperfect conception, but a celebrated anatomist, of the present day, Doctor Matthew Baillie, has fully proved that they may be formed without conception, or even connubial intercourse." Doctor Baillie, the pupil and nephew of the justly celebrated Mr. John Hunter, is a physician of great respectability, and justly acquired professional reputation in London. The work alluded to, by Doctor Denman, is Baillie's Morbid Anatomy, a work extremely valuable, and the only one of the kind known, with the exception of the voluminous one of Morgagni, entitled De Sedibus et causis Morborum . Doctor Baillie, narrates an instance of bones, teeth and hair being found in the ovaria of a female, whose hymen was entire. This I suppose is the circumstance, alluded to by Denman. I have, myself, seen several preparations of this kind, in the possession of Doctor John Heighington, Lecturer on Physiology and Midwifery in Guy's Hospital London. I shall refrain offering any remarks, in order to attempt an explanation of these mysterious works of nature, I shall only observe, that notwithstanding our boasted knowledge, we have as yet, little information of what is going on, in the great laboratory of nature: and fortunately for mankind a minute knowledge of the various and complicated operations of the animal economy, is not essential to our happiness.
But notwithstanding the difficulty of the subject, we should not entirely despair, for who of us can tell, but ere long some superior genius may arise, who by diligent researches into nature, may lift the hitherto impenetrable veil from her occult operations, explain her, as yet, secret laws, and expose them to our view in all the nakedness of firm conviction and persuasive truth!!
In the case related by Dr. Gaither, we see the great importance of dissections, after death, with a view, as well, to ascertain the origin and cause of diseases, as to behold the hidden mysteries of nature. The aversion of mankind to inspecting bodies after death, had its origin during the early ages of mankind, and when the grossest superstition fettered every energy of the human mind. Among the ancient Egyptians, although embalming was common among them, the persons employed in this office were deemed unholy, and fled as soon as their business was completed. This aversion to mangling the human face divine, retarded, for many years, the progress of Anatomy, and introduced false reasoning into medicine. For physicians, entirely unacquainted with the true structure of the human body, reasoned from analogy, which is often fallacious in the extreme. We find such was the dislike of people to dissection in the time of Fabricius of Acquapendente, the preceptor of the immortal Harvey, the discoverer of the circulation, that he frequently dissected dead bodies in his bed chamber, to prevent detection. After this, we find the practice of dissection making a slow and gradual progress, nor is it even at the present day lawful, though tolerated by most governments. Stealing a body in England is punished by transportation, but notwithstanding the severe penalty, many allured by the money which subjects always command, readily undertake to procure them. And although a law may be necessary to prevent the resurrection of bodies before their time, I see no earthly reason to be assigned against inspecting bodies before interment. If you think the above remarks worthy a place in your paper, the publication of them will much oblige your constant reader and well wisher. MEDICUS.
June 3d, 1809. IMPORTANT DISCOVERY. The range of cliffs lying along the Mississippi river, about fifteen miles below the city of Natchez, which mass of earth has often attracted the admiration of the traveler, and amused the speculation of the philosopher, without a distant expectation of any real advantage to our country. But accident (the source of many important events for the benefit of mankind) has discovered this great mass of earth to be OCHRE, of various hues and colors. The discovery was made by an enterprising Yankee, who had a large quantity of it carried to Boston, which proved equal to any imported from Europe, and remunerated him handsomely for his labor and risk. The prominent colors as yet discovered of this mass of Ochre are white, yellow, purple and red, all of which have been found of an excellent quality. Here we see how nature distributes her good things, and how partially it often operates—this great bed of earth might have enriched many poor families, but the proprietors are unknown to us. Mr. Parrar & Mr. Claiborne, two of the richest planters in the Mississippi territory. This however will not lessen the great profit which will result to our country from this discovery. N. Y. M. Adv.
Died at Philadelphia, on Sunday afternoon, in the 29th year of his age, Dr. James Woodhouse, late Professor of Chemistry in the university of Pennsylvania.
POLITICAL. MR. ADAMS'S CORRESPONDENCE CONTINUED. To the Printers of the Boston Patriot. SIRs, At first I intended to encumber your paper with no documents but such as were absolutely necessary for my own vindication. But as the peace with France, in eighteen hundred, was not only an event of great importance in itself, but produced demonstrations of the prejudices, passions, views, designs and systems of parties, more perhaps than any other; I hope you will allow me room for such other papers as may serve to throw light upon this subject. At present, it may not be very interesting, but the cause of truth and justice may hereafter be promoted by having the facts and evidences laid together in a series. The future policy of the nation will not be injured by it. Besides the communications already published from the sovereign of the French nation, through their Minister of Foreign Relations, their diplomatic organ at the Hague, & our Minister there, another was communicated thro' the same channels in these words: Copy of a letter dated Paris, 11th Fructidor, 6 year (August 28, 1798,) from Mr. Talleyrand, as Minister of Exterior Relations, to Mr. Pichon Secretary of Legation, Hague. TRANSLATION. I see with pleasure, citizen, that the intercourse of society has procured you some political conversations with Mr. Murray. I entertain an esteem for that Minister—Like all the men at the head of the affairs of the United States, he has received the impressions which the British Cabinet has known how to give against us. He thinks the measures of his government just and supports them: but he possesses reason, understanding, and a true attachment to his country: he is neither French nor English: he is ingeniously an American. I am not at all surprised that he has appeared to you to wish sincerely for the reconciliation of the two Republics—I will, therefore, cheerfully answer the questions you put to me, on different points, which appeared to you, not to be well established in his mind. I do not see, between France and the United States, any clashing of interest, any cause of jealousy. The Americans wish to be fishermen, sailors, manufacturers, and especially husbandmen. In all these points of view, their success is more at the expence of England than us. Why should we be uneasy about them? They aspire to the consolidation of their national existence, and it is to our purpose that they should succeed. In fact, we should have decided upon very superficial views, to sustain their independence, if the matter was to separate them from England, merely to leave them finally insulated among themselves, on an extensive sea-coast, weak rivaling, and impoverished by each other, and torn by foreign intrigues. We know that Great-Britain would soon have put together, piece by piece, those scattered shreds, and we should have done nothing useful for ourselves, if so miserable a chance of it, were not daily rendered more remote. What, therefore, is the cause of the misunderstanding, which, if France did not manifest herself more wise, would henceforth induce a violent rupture between the two Republics? Neither incompatible interests, nor projects of aggrandizement divide them. After all, distrust has done the whole. The government of the United States has thought, that France wanted to revolutionize it. France has thought that the government of the United States wants to throw itself into the arms of England. It does not require much skill to divine, which is the cabinet interested in the two events producing each other, and which invisibly puts in motion all the expedients calculated to make them take effect. Let us open our eyes on both sides. I am disposed to admit that the conduct of the government of the United States may be explained by other causes than those heretofore presumed—But let it, on its part, understand, that the French government, wounded as it may be, is too wise to entertain the views of disturbance, which the other supposes. It concerns a republic, founded on the system of Representation, to support and not to weaken similar establishments. The stability of this system abroad, is a necessary example at home. France in fine, has a double motive as a nation and as a Republic, not to expose to any hazard, the present existence of the United States. Therefore it never thought of making war against them; nor exciting civil commotions among them: and every contrary supposition is an insult to common sense. These fundamental principles being established, it is natural to ask by what fatality, a good understanding was not long since restored? It was because irritation being mingled with distrust, neither party yielded to real conciliatory inclinations. In the United States it was supposed that the French government was temporizing, in order to strike the blow with greater certainty; whence resulted a crowd of measures, more and more aggravating. In France, it was supposed that the government of the United States, wished only the appearances of a negotiation, whence resulted a certain demand for pledges of good faith. Let us substitute calmness for passion, confidence for suspicion, and we shall soon agree. I need my endeavors to enter upon a negotiation in this spirit, with Mr. Gerry. My correspondence with him, until the day of his departure, is a curious monument of advances on my part, and of evasions on his. It is wrong to think that I confined myself to vague protestations. Among that series of official Letters, which will doubtless be published at Philadelphia, I select one of the 30th Prairial, wherein you will see that I make very positive propositions, without any mixture of preliminary conditions. This letter was followed by three notes upon the Articles to be discussed, and I intended to complete the others in this manner, if Mr. Gerry had not refused to answer thereto. When it became necessary to abandon the idea of treating with that envoy, who thought it important only to know how a negotiation might thereafter be resumed, I gave him the most solemn assurances concerning the reception that a new plenipotentiary would receive. It was far from my thoughts to insinuate that the President should send one from the United States, instead of investing with his powers some one who was in Europe; far less that the envoy should land directly in France, instead of announcing it in a neighboring country. I wished merely to say, that the Executive Directory was so decided for a reconciliation, that all tampering would be superfluous, and an act of confidence in it, would excite its own. I should be very badly understood, if there should be found in my expressions a restriction on the nature of the choice which the President might make. I wished to encourage Mr. Gerry by testimonies of regard, that his good intentions merited. Although I could not disseminate that he wanted decision at a moment when he might have easily adjusted every thing; it does not thence follow that I designated him; I will even avow that I think him too irresolute to be fit to hasten the conclusion of an affair of this kind. The advantages that I prized in him are common to all Americans, who have not manifested a predilection for England. Can it be believed that a man who should profess a hatred or contempt of the French Republic, or should manifest himself the advocate of royalty, can inspire the Directory with a favorable opinion of the dispositions of the government of the United States? I should have disguised the truth, if I had left this matter ambiguous: that it is not to wound the Independence of that government, to point out to a sincere friend of peace, the shyle he ought to avoid.
As to the mediation of the Batavian Republic and of Spain, I do not know that there is any serious question about it, and it appears to me absolutely useless. The United States might hesitate, in the present state of things, to refer themselves to their impartiality, and besides I see no subject which may not be arranged directly. I know that the distance which separates France and the United States opens a vast field for incident, and there have been but too many of them. But the Executive Directory is unasked in the conduct which may best obviate them. The excess even of provocations has dulled their edge. The government of the United States surrounds itself with precautions against an imaginary attack. To stretch the hand to deluded friends, is, what one Republic owes to another, and I cannot doubt that the dignity of that attitude will convince the President of our pacific dispositions. The two governments ought above all to be attentive to indirect attempts to alienate them still more. Their prudence will secure this object and I shall cite but one example of it. You have told Mr. Murray the truth respecting Dr. Logan. But I perceive, that on all hands it is attempted to produce a belief in America, that we are negotiating with him. On the 7th of this month a very insidious paragraph was inserted in the "Bien Informe." It is therein intimated, that guided by the citizen Thomas Paine, Dr. Logan has made application to the Executive Directory, in the character of secret agent. The Doctor has complained of it bitterly to me. He has no need of justifying himself concerning a matter, the falsity of which I know better than any body: but he assured me that having once met Thomas Paine, at the house of a third person, he found him so prejudiced against the United States, and so opinionative, with respect to an influence he neither possesses among them nor has, that he abstained from conversing any more with him. Moreover, to cut short all misunderstanding, I engaged Dr. Logan to postpone till another time, the experiments he proposes to make on agriculture, and to return home.—As to Mr. Hitchcock, of Massachusetts, I was even ignorant till now that he was in Europe. A single word will suffice for the rest. We want nothing but justice on the part of the United States: we ask it: we offer it to their government: it may depend upon the candor of the Executive Directory. You will not doubt, citizen, that I approve of the communications which your zeal has caused you to seek with Mr. Murray, since I enable you to resume them with official elucidations, &c. &c. CH. MAU. TALLEYRAND. This and all the other communications from the French minister, heretofore published in my letter to you, were produced by my message to Congress of the 21st of June, 1798, which was in these words: Gentlemen of the Senate, and Gentlemen of the House of Representatives. While I congratulate you on the arrival of General Marshall, one of our late envoys extraordinary, where he is justly held in honor I think it my duty to communicate to you, a letter received by him from Mr. Gerry, the only one of the three who has not received his charge. This letter, together with another from the minister of foreign relations to him, of the 31st of April, and his answer of the 14th, will shew the situation in which he remains, his intentions and prospects. I presume, that before this time he has received fresh instructions, a copy of which accompanies this message, to consent to no loans, and therefore the negotiation may be considered at an end. I will never send another minister to France, without assurances that he will be received, respected and honored, as the representative of a great, free, powerful and independent nation. JOHN ADAMS. United States, June 21st, 1798. In my next letter you will have the evidence of the compliance of the French government with the conditions and requisitions in my message to the Senate, nominating Mr. Murray and others ministers and envoys to France. JOHN ADAMS. Quincey, May 9, 1809. (BY AUTHORITY.)
LAW OF THE UNITED STATES. AN ACT
Further to amend the several acts for the establishment and regulation of the Treasury, War and Navy Departments. BE it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That all warrants drawn by the Secretary of the treasury, or of war, or of the navy, upon the Treasurer of the United States, shall specify the particular appropriation or appropriations, to which the same should be charged: That the monies paid by virtue of such warrants shall, in conformity therewith, be charged to such appropriation or appropriations, in the books kept in the office of the Comptroller of the Treasury, in the case of warrants drawn by the Secretary of the Treasury, and in the books of the Accountants of the War and Navy Departments respectively, in the case of warrants drawn by the Secretary of War, or by the Secretary of the Navy: and the officers, agents or other persons, who may be receivers of public monies, shall render distinct accounts of the application of such monies according to the appropriation or appropriations under which the same shall have been drawn, and the Secretary of War and of the Navy, shall, on the first day of January, in each and every year, severally report to Congress, a distinct account of the expenditure and application of all such sums of money, as may, prior to the thirtieth day of September preceding, have been, by them, respectively drawn from the Treasury, in virtue of the appropriation law of the preceding year, and the sums appropriated by law for each branch of expenditure in the several departments, shall be solely applied to the object or objects for which they are respectively appropriated, and to no other. Provided, nevertheless, That during the recess of Congress, the President of the United States may, and he is hereby authorized, on the application of the Secretary of the proper Department, and not otherwise, to direct, if in his opinion, necessary for the public service, that a portion of the monies appropriated for a particular branch of expenditure in that Department, be applied to another branch of expenditure in the same Department, in which case, a special account of the monies thus transferred, and their application, shall be laid before Congress during the first week of their next ensuing session. Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That it shall be the duty of the Comptroller of the Treasury, in every case, where, in his opinion, further delays would be injurious to the United States, & he is hereby authorized to direct the Auditor of the Treasury, and the Accountants of the War and Navy Departments, at any time, forthwith to audit and settle any particular account, which the said officers may be respectively authorized to audit and settle, and to report such settlement for his revision and final decision. And the said Comptroller shall also lay an annual statement before Congress; during the first week of their session, of the accounts in the Treasury, War or Navy Departments, which may have remained more than three years unsettled, or on which balances appear to have been due more than two years, prior to the thirtieth of September, then last past, together with a statement of the causes which have prevented the settlement of the accounts or the recovery of the balances due to the U. States. A Copy, R. ELDRIDGE, jr. D. C. April 18. w8wp
Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, That exclusively of the purveyor of public supplies, paymasters of the army, pursers of the navy, military agents, and other officers already authorized by law, no other permanent agents shall be appointed either for the purpose of making contracts, or for the purchase of supplies, or for the disbursement, in any other manner, of monies for the use of the military establishment, or of the navy of the United States, but such as shall be appointed by the President of the United States, with the advice and consent of the Senate: Provided, That the President may, and he is hereby authorized, in the recess of the Senate, to appoint as or any of such agents, which appointments shall be submitted to the Senate, at their next session, for their advice and consent, and the President of the United States is hereby authorized, until otherwise provided by law, to fix the number and compensation of such agents: Provided, That the compensation allowed to either, shall not exceed five per centum, on the public monies disbursed by him, nor in any instance the compensation allowed by law to the purveyor of public supplies. Sec. 4. And be it further enacted, That every such agent as may be appointed by virtue of the next preceding section, and every purser of the navy, shall give bond, with one or more sufficient sureties, in such sums as the President of the United States may direct for the faithful discharge of the trust reposed in him, and the paymaster of the army, the military agents, the purveyor of public supplies, the pursers of the navy, and the agents appointed by virtue of the preceding section, shall, whenever practicable, keep the public monies in their hands, in some incorporated bank, to be designated for the purpose by the President of the United States, and shall make monthly returns in such form as may be prescribed by the Treasury Department, or the monies received and expended during the preceding month, and of the unexpended balance in their hands. Sec. 5. And be it further enacted, That all purchases and contracts for supplies or services which are or may, according to law, be made by or under the direction of either the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of War, or the Secretary of the Navy, shall be made either by open purchase, or by previously advertising for proposals respecting the same: And an annual statement of all such contracts and purchases, and also of the expenditure of the monies appropriated for the contingent expenses of the military establishment, for the contingent expenses of the navy of the United States, and for the discharge of miscellaneous claims not otherwise provided for, and paid at the treasury, shall be laid before Congress at the beginning of each year, by the Secretary of the proper department. J. B. VANKAMP, Speaker of the House of Representatives. JNO. MILLEDGE, President of the Senate, pro-tempore. APPROVED, TH: JEFFERSON.
PURSUANT to the last will and testament of the Rev. Matthew Maury, late of Albermarle county: We shall, on Friday, the First day of September next, (if fair, if not, the next fair day) expose to public sale, on the premises, that valuable and highly improved FARM, on which the deceased lately resided, containing between 1300 and 1400 acres. About 400 acres of this land are cleared and in excellent condition for cultivation, of which about 40 acres are very fine meadow. There is on the plantation, a great variety of fruit trees, among which is a well selected apple orchard of about two hundred trees in high perfection. This Land is intersected by a vein of excellent lime-stone, parallel with, and two miles distant from the south west mountains. There are on this plantation, a large convenient Dwelling-House, a large Barn, Stable, and all other necessary buildings in very good condition for the accommodation of a large family. The quality of this land is very good, well adapted to the growth of tobacco and corn, and particularly so to the growth of small grain and grass. It has, from experiment, been proven capable of deriving very great advantages from the use of Plaster of Paris. We will allow a credit of one, two and three years, on the purchase money; for which we shall require a lien on the land and approved personal security. The land may be seen by application to either of us who reside on it. MATTHEW MAURY, Acting THOS. W. MAURY, Exce'rs. Albermarle County, Va. } 15th May, 1809. } w5w
VIRGINIA, to wit:—At a Chancery District Court, held in the City of Williamsburg, the 14th day of April, 1809. Kendall Lee Plffs against Ann Spiller, widow of Benjamin Spiller, deceased, Benjamin Spiller, Susan Hursi, George Smith and Nancy his wife, and Grace, Patrick, Roxilanna and James Spiller, infants, by the said Benjamin Spiller their guardian, and William Spiller and Hickman Spiller Defts. THE defendant, William Spiller, not having entered his appearance and given security according to the Act of Assembly and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court, that he is not an inhabitant of this country: On the motion of the plaintiff, by his counsel; It is ordered, That the said defendant do appear here on the first day of the next term, and answer the bill of the plaintiff, and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in one of the Richmond news-papers, for two months successively, and posted at the front door of the former Capitol in this city. A Copy, ANTY. ROBINSON, C. C. May 9. w8w
VIRGINIA, to wit:—At a Chancery District Court, held in the City of Williamsburg, the 15th day of April, 1809. Wm. McFeters and James Wardlaw Plffs against John W. Fox and Elizabeth L. Fox, infants, children and heirs of John Fox the younger, and John Lewis administrator of the said John Fox, Ann Fox, Thomas B. Fox, William Fox, Henry Fox and Isaac Shelby Defts. THE defendant Isaac Shelby, not having entered his appearance and given security according to the Act of Assembly and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that he is not an inhabitant of this country; On the motion of the plaintiffs, by their counsel; It is ordered, That the said defendant do appear here on the first day of the next term, and answer the bill of the plaintiffs, and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in one of the Richmond news-papers, for two months successively and posted at the front door of the former Capitol in this city. A Copy, ANTY. ROBINSON, C. C. May 9. w8w
IN CHANCERY—Buckingham County, January Court, 1809. John Scraggs Plaintiff, vs. Wm. G. Briant & James Martin Defendants. ON the motion of the plaintiff, by counsel, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court, that the defendant Briant, is not an inhabitant of this state; It is ordered and decreed, That unless the said Briant shall appear here at May Court next, and answer the plaintiff's bill, the same will be taken for confessed as to him, and the matter thereof decreed accordingly, and that a copy of this order be forthwith published in some public news-paper, of the city of Richmond, for two months successively, and another copy be posted up at the front door of the court-house of this county. A Copy, R. ELDRIDGE, jr. D. C. April 18. w8wp
FOR LONDON, NEWCASTLE, GREENOCK AND LIVERPOOL. The fast sailing ship Perseverance , Capt. Peters, now lying at Bermuda Hundred—She is Philadelphia built, has excellent accommodations for passengers, and is expected to sail about the 19th of next month.—For passage only, apply to the Captain on board, to John Bell, Esq. of Petersburg, to John Graubury, Esq. of Norfolk, or to M. W. HANCOCK. Richmond, May 22.
IN CHANCERY—Buckingham County, March Term, 1809. John Russell Plaintiff, against Wm. G. Briant and James Martin Defendants. ON the motion of the plaintiff, by counsel, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court, that the defendant Briant is not an inhabitant of this state; It is ordered and decreed, That unless the said Briant shall appear here on or before June Court next, and answer the bill of the plaintiff, the court will then proceed to take the same for confessed as to him, and decree the matter thereof accordingly, and that a copy of this order be forthwith published in some public news-paper of the city of Richmond, for two months successively, and another copy be posted up at the front door of the court-house of this county. A Copy, R. ELDRIDGE, jr. D. C. April 18. w8wp
IN CHANCERY—Buckingham County, March Term, 1809. Elizabeth Taliaferro administratrix of Charles Taliaferro, deceased Plaintiff, against John Baskerville, Jr. Defendant. ON the motion of the plaintiff, by counsel, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court, that the defendant is not an inhabitant of this state; It is ordered and decreed, That unless the said defendant shall appear here on or before June Court next, and answer the plaintiff's bill, the court will then proceed to take the same for confessed, and decree the matter thereof accordingly, and that a copy of this order be forthwith published in some public news-paper of the city of Richmond, for two months successively, and another copy be posted up at the front door of the court-house of this county. A Copy, R. ELDRIDGE, jr. D. C. April 18. w8wp
FOR SALE—A VALUABLE TRACT OF LAND, lying on the banks of James River, nearly opposite to the Westover Estate; containing, between eight and nine hundred acres, bounded by the river upwards of a mile; by the lands of Mr. Harrison of Maycocks and the Road leading from Cooke's ferry to Petersburg; about one fourth part of the tract is cleared; it has some grass land and affords a good range for cattle, has a good Landing place, and a profitable fishing place might be made on it, at a small expence; it has no improvements except an old dwelling house. This land, with proper tillage, would make a good wheat farm. One fourth part of the price will be expected on giving possession, and for the residue a credit of two, four and six years will be given if required. Miles Selden, junr. will be good enough to shew the land. T. G. PEACHT. Williamsburg, April 25. wtf
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD—Ransom way from the subscriber two NEGROES, to-wit: Burrell Gates and Lony; Burrell Gates is about thirty years of age, five feet, eight inches high, rather slender-made, well proportioned except he has a very large foot, he was purchased of Mr. Wilkinson (Chesterfield); & has a wife at Mr. John Spear's in the same field; Lony was purchased of Mr. Richard E. Armstrong, Henrico County, he is about 16 years of age, has a film over one of his eyes, this fellow I suppose is lark ing about this City. The above reward will be paid for delivering them to Mr. Chan H. Saunders, Richmond, and ten dollars for either of them, if secured in any Gaol in this Commonwealth so that I get them again. JACOB FACKLER. May 26. wtf
FOR SALE—Upon liberal credit, for cash or good bonds, 515 acres of LAND, in Middlesex county, advantageously situated upon the Piankatank, being the House Lot of Shooters Hill Fishery. This Land is of a good quality, has a good Fishery, Oysters at the door, and wild Fowl in abundance. If not sold before the first of Nov. next, it will be leased for a term of years, with or without 615 acres adjoining. For terms apply to Major Paulin A. Blackburn of that county. AUSTIN BROCKENBROUGH. Tappahannock, April 7. w57m
A TUTOR WANTED—The Trustees of the town of York, are anxious to employ a gentleman of character, & literary acquirements, to conduct a SCHOOL. In the said town. The branches of Science to be taught are, reading, writing, English grammar, arithmetic, geography, use of the globes, the Latin and Greek classics. The situation of York is pleasant and healthy: From twenty to forty pupils can be procured: A comfortable house will be furnished the Tutor free of expense. A person who shall produce testimonials of his sobriety, discretion and acquirements, which shall qualify him for the conduct of the school, will meet with encouragement on application to CORBIN GRIFFIN, } Committee TH: GRIFFIN, } ROBT. NELSON, jr. } Trustees. May 2. wtf
LANDING from the Schooner RICHMOND, Isaac Seaman, Master:— 50 Boxes Raisins, 10 Bales Soft Shelled Almonds, 5 Casks Green Coffee, 19 Barrels Prime Pork, and 1 Pipe London Particular Madeira Wine. IN STORE. 17 Hogsheads Brown Sugar, 23 do. Molasses, 5 Tierces Green Coffee, 75 Boxes Havannah Segars, 3 Bales Welch Planes, Family Flour in barrels and half barrels, Young Hyson, Hyson Skin and Souchong Tea, 10 Boxes Mould Candles, FOR SALE BY, GEORGE WATT. January 17. tf
A REWARD of twenty dollars will be given for the delivery, to us, of a TRUNK, which was put in charge of a negro waterman, on the 11th ult. to be carried to Milton. It was a trunk of about 7 or 8 feet cubic contents, labelled on a card on the top T. L. No. 28, and contained principally writing paper of various qualities, but also some other articles of stationery, a pocket telescope with a brass case, a Dynamometer in steel and brass, or instrument for measuring the exertions of draught animals, a collection of vocabularies of the Indian languages, & some other articles not particularly noted in the memorandum taken. GIBSON & JEFFERSON. May 30. tf
Merchant's, Lawyer's, Sheriff's and Constable's BLANKS, For Sale at this Office.