Virginia Argus (Richmond, Va.), 1804-03-17 00:00:00

The VIRGINIA ARGUS.
[Vol. XI.]
A FREE PRESS MAINTAINS THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE PEOPLE.
[No. 1124]
RICHMOND:—PRINTED (ON WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS) BY SAMUEL PLEASANTS, JUNIOR, ON THE MAIN STREET, A FEW DOORS WEST OF THE BRIDGE.
[FOUR DOLLARS PER ANNUM—PAID IN ADVANCE.]
SATURDAY, MARCH 17, 1804.
[12 1-2 CENTS SINGLE]
WASHINGTON CITY, March 3.
IMPEACHMENT
OF JOHN PICKERING.
Friday being the day assigned by the Senate for the commencement of the trial of Judge Pickering, impeached by the House of Representatives of high crimes and misdemeanors, the Senate formed themselves into a COURT OF IMPEACHMENT, and sent a message to the House of Representatives, informing them that they were ready to receive the managers and proceed with the trial: communicating, at the same time, the following rules entered into by the Senate:
"Resolved, That the President of the Senate shall direct all the forms of proceeding, while the Senate are sitting as a court of impeachment, as to opening, adjourning, and all forms, during the session, not otherwise specially provided for by the Senate."
"And that the President of the Senate be requested to direct the preparations in the Senate chamber, for the accommodation of the Senate while sitting as a court, and for the reception and accommodation of the parties to the impeachment, their counsel, witnesses, &c."
"And that he be authorised to direct the employment of the Marshal or any officer or officers of the district of Columbia, during the session of the court of impeachment, whose services he may think requisite, and which can be obtained for the purpose."
"And all expenses arising under this resolution, after being first allowed by the President of the Senate, shall be paid by the secretary, out of the fund appropriated to defray the contingent expenses of both houses of congress."
"Resolved, That on the second day of March, inst. at noon, 2 o'clock, P. M. the legislative and executive business of the Senate, be postponed, and that the court of impeachment shall then be opened—after which the process, which, on the 12th day of January last, was directed to be issued and served upon John Pickering, and the return thereon shall be read. And the secretary of the Senate shall administer an oath to the returning officer, in the following form, (viz.) I, James Mathews, do solemnly swear, that the return made and subscribed by me, upon the process issued on the 12th day of January last, by the Senate of the United States, against John Pickering, is truly made, and that I have performed said services, as there described.—So help me God."
"Which oath shall be entered at large on the records."
"The secretary shall then give notice to the house of representatives, that the Senate in their capacity of a court of impeachment, are ready to proceed upon the impeachment of John Pickering, in the Senate chamber, (which chamber is prepared with accommodations for the reception of the house of representatives.)"
"Resolved, That counsel for the parties shall be admitted, to appear and be heard upon said impeachment. And upon the attendance of the house of Representatives, their managers, or any person or persons, admitted to appear for the impeachment; the said John Pickering shall be called to appear and answer the articles of impeachment exhibited against him. If he appears or any person for him, the appearance shall be recorded, stating particularly if by himself; or if by agent or attorney, naming the person appearing, and the capacity in which he appears. If he does not appear, either personally, or by agent or attorney, the same shall be recorded. All motions made by the parties or their counsel, shall be addressed to the President of the Senate, and if he shall require it, shall be committed to writing, and read at the secretary's table; and after the parties shall be heard upon such motion, the Senate shall retire to the adjoining committee room, for consideration and decision; which shall be had, as well in such cases, as in all questions to be decided by the Senate, as a court of impeachment, with closed doors."
"All decisions shall be by ayes and noes, which shall be entered on the records of the court. After decision, the Senate shall return to their chamber, and the President shall then make known the decision to the parties."
"Witnesses shall be sworn by the secretary in the following form (viz.) I, A B do swear (or affirm as the case may be) that the evidence I shall give to this court, in the case now depending shall be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, so help me God!"
"Witnesses shall be examined by the party producing them, and then cross examined in the usual form."
"If a senator is called as a witness, he shall be sworn and give his testimony standing in his place."
"If a senator wishes a question to be put to a witness, he shall hand it in writ-
ing to the President, who shall put the same."
On motion of Mr. Nicholson, the house of Representatives directed the managers to attend on the trial.
The managers having accordingly repaired to the Senate chamber, the house of Representatives adjourned, with the view, it was understood, of attending the trial.
The Senators were ranged on each side of the chair of the President. The managers were placed in front and on the right of the chair; and seats were assigned in the same line on the left for the accused and his counsel. Additional seats on the elevated area of the Senate were assigned for ladies. Between the senators and the managers a seat was allotted for the Speaker of the house.
About half past one o'clock the name of John Pickering was called three times, without any answer being given. The President (Mr. Burr) then stated that he had received a letter from Robert G. Harper, and a petition from — Pickering, son of John Pickering impeached; which were read by the clerk. The petition represents that John Pickering is insane, and could not, from the state of his health, attend without endangering his life, and therefore prays a postponement of the trial. The letter of Mr. Harper contained an offer of his professional services in support of the prayer of the petitioner.
These papers being read, the President desired Mr. Harper to take the seat assigned for the counsel of the accused.
Mr. Harper, having taken his seat, rose and stated that he appeared, not at the instance of John Pickering, from whom he had received no authority to appear, but from a desire to support the petition offered by his son, to aid the defence of the accused, and in case the Senate, notwithstanding his non-appearance, should proceed to the articles of impeachment, preferred against him, and should permit him to take a part in the proceedings without thereby implicating any acknowledgment, on the part of the accused, of their validity.
Mr. Nicholson, on behalf of the managers, observed that, in his opinion, Mr. Pickering could only appear by himself or by counsel; that Mr. Harper could only, therefore, be admitted to a hearing in the exercise of the right of counsel for the accused; and as he disclaimed all authority from Mr. Pickering, in his opinion, he could not be allowed to take a part in the trial.
Several additional remarks, inforcing the same opinion, were expressed by Messrs. G. W. Campbell, Rodney, Early and J. Randolph.
Mr. Harper enquired whether it would be regular in him to reply to these remarks.
The President said it would not—and immediately after put the question to the Senate whether Mr. Harper should be heard in support of the prayer of the petition of John Pickering.
Whereupon the Senate retired to a private chamber; from which they returned about three o'clock, when the President advised the managers that the Senate would take further time to consider the question before them, and would make them acquainted with their decision.
March 7. The Senate, in their capacity of a High Court of Impeachments, having been engaged, with closed doors, on the motion made by Mr. Harper, since Friday; and after a discussion, which occupied nearly the whole of the day, and the two ensuing days, opened their doors on Monday, when the following decision was made by Yeas and Nays; viz.
On the question—will the court hear evidence and counsel respecting the insanity of John Pickering, upon the suggestions contained in the petition of Jacob S. Pickering and the letter of Robert G. Harper.
The said question was carried in the affirmative. Yeas 18—Nays 12.
At 12 o'clock on Tuesday the court was opened, and in a short time thereafter the Managers, and Mr. Harper appeared and took their seats.
The President stated the foregoing decision.
Mr. Nicholson, in behalf of the managers, said he was instructed to ask for the reading of the proceedings of the court on the last day of its sitting.
The clerk having read the record, by which it appeared that John Pickering had been called three times without appearing.
Mr. Nicholson enquired at what point of time the Senate would proceed to the trial of the articles of impeachment, and whether, under the decision of the court, counsel for J. S. Pickering was to be heard in the first instance on a preliminary question.
The President said he could not undertake to give an explanation of the proceedings of the Senate, adding that their meaning must be gathered from the proceedings themselves.
Mr. Nicholson then said that he begged leave to state that the Managers were ready to proceed with the trial of the articles preferred by the house of representatives.
The President said that, under the decision of the Senate, they had determined in the first instance to hear Mr. Harper in support of the petition of Jacob S. Pickering.
Mr. Nicholson said he was then instructed by the Managers to state that they were ready to support the articles of impeachment. Those not being, at present, under the consideration of the Senate, they did not consider themselves under any obligation to discuss a preliminary question raised by a third person unauthorised by the person charged. He was, therefore, instructed to state to the Senate that the Managers would, under such circumstances, retire, and take the opinion of the house of Representatives respecting their further procedure.
The Managers thereupon retired.
Mr. Wright moved that the Senate should retire to their private chamber.
Motion lost—Ayes 6.
Mr. Jackson submitted to the Senate whether it would not be proper to delay all further proceedings until they should hear from the managers of the house of Representatives.
Apparently with this view Mr. Adams moved an adjournment—Lost—Ayes 10.
Another motion was made that the Senate retire to their private chamber—Lost—Ayes 8.
Mr. Wright offered a motion that the counsel in support of the petition of J. S. Pickering be not heard until the return of the Managers, or until their intention be signified.
Lost—Ayes 7.
Mr. Harper then addressed the Senate in a speech of about one hour and a half in length; which principally consisted of the petition of J. S. Pickering, and the depositions of Samuel Tenney, A. R. Cutler, J. Bracket, William Cutler, William Plumer, and Edward St. Loe Livermore, introduced in order to testify to the insanity of John Pickering, and as the basis of a motion to postpone the trial.
The court then adjourned until the next day at 12 o'clock.
March 9. On Wednesday a message was communicated to the house of representatives, stating that the Court of Impeachments would be ready to proceed to the trial of the articles of Impeachment against John Pickering at 12 o'clock that day.
A motion was made about that hour in the house, leading to an adjournment, which was superseded by the statement of Mr. Nicholson, that the Managers had intimated to the senate, that as the house of representatives were engaged in committee of the whole, the Managers could not attend the court that day; whereupon the court adjourned to the next day.
Yesterday at 12 o'clock, the court was again opened, when the managers repaired to the senate chamber.
Mr. Early, one of the managers, opened the trial; and after a few preliminary remarks, proceeded to support the facts set forth in the articles of impeachment by various depositions in writing, and witnesses orally examined; after making some progress in the testimony, Mr. Nicholson relieved Mr. Early; when about 3 o'clock Mr. Nicholson informed the court that the managers had closed the testimony on behalf of the house of representatives; whereupon the court adjourned till this day (Friday) at 12 o'clock.
The reader will recollect that on Tuesday the court, after hearing Mr. Harper in support of the petition of J. S. Pickering, adjourned to the next day. We understand previous to the above decision to proceed to the trial of the articles of impeachment, a diversity of opinion subsisted as to the mode of procedure. The general opinion out of doors was, that after agreeing to hear Mr. Harper, in support of the petition of Jacob S. Pickering, the court would before they proceeded to try the articles of impeachment, in the first instance decide on the prayer of the petition, viz. whether they would postpone the trial on the ground of the alleged insanity of Judge Pickering. No decision, however, we learn, has been made on the prayer of the petition. The only decision entered into was that they would proceed to the trial—This decision was made by a considerable majority ascertained by Yeas and Nays.
A Proclamation.
BY authority of the President of the United States, a reward of 500 dollars is hereby offered to any person or persons, who shall apprehend and secure in some jail within the United States, or deliver to the commanding officer of any military post within the United States, or its territories, JAMES WOODS, charged with the murder of a Cherokee Indian, in Buncombe county, in the state of North Carolina, on or about the 14th day of January last—Said Woods is about thirty two or thirty three years of age, five feet nine or ten inches in height, is stout and well made, has thick sandy hair and beard, and a fair complexion, has artfully worked at the silver-smith's trade, and has left a wife at Pigeon settlement, near where the murder was committed.
Given at the War Office, City of Washington, the 1st day of March, 1804. R. DEARBORN, Sec'y of War.
CONGRESS.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
MONDAY, March 5.
Dr. Mitchell from the committee of Commerce and Manufactures, made a report on the seamen of the United States, who in some ports and harbors at home, are excluded in certain cases, although sick, from the benefit of hospital-money. The committee have taken an extensive view of a subject, in which the interests of our mariners are deeply concerned.
The house resumed the consideration of the report of the Committee of Elections on the petition of Andrew Moore respecting the seat held by Thomas Lewis.
Mr. R. Griswold moved a postponement of the further consideration of the report till the 1st Monday in November, that in the mean time opportunity should be given to ascertain facts.
Mr. Dawson opposed the postponement.
Mr. J. Clay also opposed the postponement; and declared, for reasons assigned by him, that he should vote in favor of the first part of the report declaring that Thomas Lewis does not appear to be entitled to the seat, and against the second part, declaring Andrew Moore entitled to a seat, that a new election might be held.
A debate ensued on the motion to postpone, which continued the whole day, when the question was taken, and the motion lost—Ayes 36.
The question was then taken by Yeas and Nays on the first member of the report, viz. That Thomas Lewis, not being duly elected, is not entitled to a seat in this house; and carried in the affirmative—Yeas 68—Nays 39.
The question was then taken by Yeas and Nays on the remainder of the report, viz. That Andrew Moore, having the greatest number of qualified votes independent of the bad votes above mentioned, is entitled to a seat in the House; and likewise carried in the affirmative—Yeas 64—Nays 41.
Andrew Moore, thereupon appeared, was qualified and took his seat.
Mr. Nicholson presented a petition from A. Addison praying leave to erect a bridge over the Eastern branch. Referred.
TUESDAY, March 6.
General Varnum reported a bill supplemental to the militia law of Columbia.
Referred to a committee of the whole to-morrow.
Mr. Leib stated that there appeared to be some inaccuracies in the report of the select committee appointed to enquire into the expenditures made for the support of the marine corps.—He therefore moved the recommittal of the report for the purpose of correction. Agreed to.
General Varnum moved a resolution for the appointment of a committee to consider if any and what alterations are necessary in the military peace establishment. Agreed to.
Mr. Varnum founded this resolution on the expediency of increasing the number of sergeants mates, rendered necessary by the increased garrisons arising out of the possession of Louisiana, and on an opinion entertained of the propriety of substituting malt, in the room of spirituous liquors.
Mr. Thompson from the committee appointed on the message of the President respecting the state of the public buildings in Washington, made a report, stating the objects on which the sum appropriated the last session was expended, expressing their opinion that two annual appropriations of fifty thousand dollars ought to be made, and will be sufficient to finish the south wing of the Capitol in a commodious manner, and recommending an immediate appropriation of fifty thousand dollars.
Referred to a committee of the whole. The bill for the relief of the sufferers by fire in the town of Norfolk was read the third time and passed.
Mr. Randolph, from the committee appointed to enquire into the official conduct of Samuel Chase, one of the associate justices of the supreme court of the United States, and of Richard Peters judge of the district of Pennsylvania, made a report concluding in the following manner: that SAMUEL CHASE, Esq. an associate justice of the supreme court be impeached of high crimes and misdemeanors—that RICHARD PETERS doth not appear to have so acted as to require the constitutional interposition of the house. Referred to a committee of the whole house on Monday next.
The house came to a resolution by a large majority to close the session on the 3d Monday of the present month.
Mr. Nicholson said he was instructed by the managers in the case of the Impeachment of John Pickering to report a statement of their proceedings. He said that it had been hastily drawn up at his table, and might not embrace a full view of all that had occurred; but he believed that it stated all that it was necessary for the house to be possessed of.
After stating, in detail, the proceedings of the Managers, the report concludes with the declaration that the managers will not feel themselves bound or authorised to appear before the Senate until called upon by them to proceed with the trial, or until directed to appear by the house.
A motion was made by Mr. Smilie appropriating of the conduct of the Managers, on which no decision was made when the House adjourned. In the remarks, made on this motion no disapprobation of the conduct of the Managers was expressed; the only difference of opinion that arose was on the propriety of expressing any opinion whatever in the present instance of the conduct of the Managers.
IMPEACHMENT.
Mr. Nicholson, from the Managers appointed to support the articles of Impeachment against John Pickering made the following report:
"That on Friday, the second of March, the Managers, agreeably to the directions of the house, appeared at the bar of the senate, to support the said articles of Impeachment, when John Pickering was three times solemnly called, but did not answer, or appear, either in person, or by council. The President of the senate then stated, that he had received a letter, signed R. G. Harper, accompanying a petition, signed Jacob S. Pickering, who called himself the son of the party charged. The petition being read, it was found to contain a statement of a variety of matter, particularly the insanity of Judge Pickering, upon which the prayer of the petitioner was founded for a postponement of the trial to some future day. Mr. Harper was called to the bar of the senate;—he entered, and stated, that he wished it to be distinctly understood, that he did not appear at the bar of the senate, as counsel for John Pickering, from whom he had received no authority for that purpose; but that his object was to support the facts contained in the petition of Jacob S. Pickering, and the prayer thereof. There was a short pause—when Mr. Harper rose again, and enquired, whether his appearance in support of the petition would be construed as the appearance of John Pickering, by counsel:—The President of the senate answered, he presumed, that Mr. Harper's appearance would not be considered as the appearance of John Pickering, by counsel."
"The Managers, under these circumstances, felt themselves bound to object to Mr. Harper's being heard in any other capacity than as counsel for the party who was impeached; and briefly stated their reasons for the objection."
"The senate withdrew to a private chamber, where it is presumed the question was debated—The Managers again appeared at the bar of the senate, this day, and were informed by the President, that it had been resolved to hear Mr. Harper in support of the allegations contained in the petition of Jacob S. Pickering, and the prayer thereof. The Managers enquired at what point of time it was intended that Mr. Harper should be heard, and whether this was to be a measure preliminary to the trial: The President of the senate declared that he could not undertake to explain the resolutions of the senate; but that their sense must be collected from the resolutions themselves. The Managers then offered themselves ready for trial, declaring that they were prepared to open the prosecution on behalf of the house of representatives;—and that the witnesses were ready to prove the facts charged in the articles of Impeachment. Upon this offer being made, the President of the senate stated that he considered it to be the sense of the senate, that Mr. Harper was to be heard before the trial commenced."
"The Managers considered this as an irregular step, and not believing that they ought to discuss any petition presented to the senate from a person who was not a party to the Impeachment, and this, too, before the party charged, although duly notified, had appeared, either in person, or by attorney, withdrew from the senate chamber: They will not feel themselves either bound or authorised to appear again, until the senate shall inform them, that they are prepared to proceed in the trial, unless specially directed by this house."
Ordered to lie on the table.
Mr. Smilie, as soon as the above report was read, moved the following resolution:
Resolved, That this house doth approve of the conduct of the Managers appointed to support the articles of Impeachment in the case of John Pickering, as stated in

their report of this day, and that the said Managers do not appear at the bar of the senate until they shall be specially instructed by this house.
Mr. Elliot moved to strike out the words "as stated in their report of this day."
Mr. Elmer remarked that the Managers appeared to consider the proceedings of the senate incorrect. This might be the case; but, from the information before him, he was not prepared to say so. He was of opinion that the senate were the sole judges of the mode of conducting the trials before them.
Mr. Smith. The senate undoubtedly have the right of fixing their mode of procedure; but if that mode shall be such as to interfere with our rights, we have a right to insist upon them. Such a procedure, as has been adopted by the senate, in the present instance, I have never heard of. But if the managers are satisfied with what has been already done, without any further act on the part of the house, I am also. It is my wish that they would inform us what they desire.
Mr. Dana. It is very proper for the Managers of an Impeachment to apply to the house on the occurrence of a new case; but it is not necessary for the house to express an opinion of their conduct in every stage of the trial. It may be proper to give them instructions when they desire it; but it is not necessary to pass a vote of approbation or disapprobation on their conduct. In this case it is entirely useless, and may be injurious. I therefore move the previous question.
Mr. Nicholson. The Managers entertain no other desire but that of being guided, in the discharge of the duty devolved upon them, by the directions of the house. They would deem it a matter of extreme regret, were the house to disapprove their conduct on the present occasion. But no individual among them—I speak for myself, and believe I may also speak for all those associated with me—wishes a vote of approbation by this house. I would, therefore, be pleased, if the gentleman would agree to strike out that part of the resolution which expresses such approbation. If the mover does not agree to this modification, I shall take the liberty of moving it.
Mr. Smilie. I cannot agree to strike out this part of the resolution, as it is, in my opinion, the most important part of it. The conduct of the senate has met with the disapprobation of the Managers, and they have withdrawn from the court. Their conduct must be right or wrong. It is proper for the house to express an opinion, whether it is correct or incorrect.
Mr. Nicholson observed that on further reflection he did not consider himself at liberty to make any motion, or to vote on any mode, on the subject before the house.
Mr. G. W. Campbell was of opinion that it would only be necessary for the house to express an opinion, in case they disapproved the conduct of the Managers.
Mr. Huger declared himself of the same opinion.
Mr. J. Lewis moved a postponement of the further consideration of the motion until to-morrow.
Mr. Smilie had no objection to the postponement.
All further procedure was arrested by the agreement to a motion of Mr. Nicholson to adjourn—Ayes 60.
On the ensuing day, Mr. Smilie, said, as the resolution appeared to be disagreeable to some gentlemen, he would withdraw it.
FROM THE AURORA.
TO THE EDITOR.
As the good sense of the people in their elections have now put the affairs of the union in a prosperous condition at home and abroad, there is nothing immediately important for the subject of alerters, I therefore send you a piece on another subject.
THOMAS PAINE.
TO THE PEOPLE OF ENGLAND.
In casting my eye over England and America, and comparing them together, the difference is very striking. The two countries were created by the same power and peopled from the same stock, what then has caused the difference? Have those who emigrated to America improved, or they whom they left behind degenerated? There are as many degrees of difference in the political morality of the two people, as there are of longitude between the two countries.
In the science of cause and effect, every thing that enters into the composition of either must be allowed its proportion of influence. Investigating, therefore, into the cause of this difference, we must take into the calculation the difference of the two systems of government the hereditary and the representative . Under the hereditary system it is the government that forms and fashions the political character of the people: In the representative system it is the people that form the character of the government. Their own happiness as citizens forms the basis of their conduct & the guide of their choice. Now is it more probable that an hereditary government should become corrupt, and corrupt the people by its example, or that a whole people should become corrupt and produce a corrupt government: for the point where the corruption begins becomes the source from whence it afterwards spreads.
While men remained in Europe as subjects of some hereditary potentate, they had ideas conformable to that condition;
but when they arrived in America they found themselves in possession of a new character, the character of sovereignty: and like converts to a new religion they became inspired with new principles. Elevated above their former rank, they considered government and public affairs as part of their own concern, for they were to pay the expense, and they watched them with circumspection. They soon found that government was not that complicated thing, enshrined in mystery, which church and state, to play into each other's hands, had represented it; and that to conduct it with proper effect was to conduct it justly. Common sense, common honesty, and civil manners qualify a man for government; and besides this, put man in a situation that requires new thinking and the mind will grow up to it, for like the body it improves by exercise. Man is but a learner all his lifetime.
But whatever be the cause of the difference of character between the people and government of England and those of America, the effect arising from that difference is as distinguishable as the sun from the moon. We see America flourishing in peace, cultivating friendship with all nations, and reducing her public debt and taxes, incurred by the revolution. On the contrary we see England almost perpetually in war, or warlike disputes, and her debt and taxes continually increasing. Could we suppose a stranger, who knew nothing of the origin of the two countries, he would, from observation, conclude, that America was the old country, experienced and sage, and England the new, eccentric and wild.
Scarcely had England drawn home her troops from America after the revolutionary war than she was on the point of plunging herself into a war with Holland on account of the stadtholder; then with Russia; then with Spain on account of Nootka soundings, and actually with France to prevent her revolution. Scarcely had she made peace with France, and before she had fulfilled her own part of the treaty, than she declared war again to avoid fulfilling the treaty. In her treaty of peace with America she engaged to evacuate the western posts within six months, but having obtained peace she refused to fulfil the conditions and kept possession of the posts and embroiled us in an Indian war. In her treaty of peace with France she engaged to evacuate Malta within three months, but having obtained peace, she refused to evacuate Malta, and began a new war.
All these matters pass before the eyes of the world, who form their own opinion thereon, regardless of what English news papers may say of France, or French papers say of England. The non-fulfilment of a treaty is a case that every body can understand. They reason upon it as they would on a contract between two individuals, and in so doing they reason from a right foundation. The affected pomp and mystification of courts make no alteration in the principle. Had France declared war to compel England to fulfil the treaty, as a man would commence a civil action to compel a delinquent party to fulfil a contract, she would have stood acquitted in the opinion of nations. But that England still holding Malta, should go to war for Malta, is a paradox not easily solved, unless it be supposed that the peace was insidious from the beginning, that it was concluded with the expectation that the military ardor of France would cool, or a new order of things arise, or a national discontent prevail, that would favor a non-execution of the treaty and leave England arbiter of the fate of Malta.
Something like this, which was like a vision in the clouds, must have been the calculation of the British ministry; for certainly they did not expect the war would take the turn it has. Could they have foreseen and they ought to have foreseen that a declaration of war was the same as sending a challenge to Bonaparte to invade England and make it the seat of war, they hardly would have done it unless they were mad; for in any event such a war might produce, in a military view, it is England would be the sufferer unless it terminated in a wise revolution.—One of the causes assigned for this declaration of war by the British ministry, was, that Bonaparte had cramped their commerce.—If by cramping their commerce is to be understood that of encouraging and extending the commerce of France, he had a right, and it was his duty to do it. The prerogative of monopoly belongs to no nation. But to make this one of the causes of war, considering their commerce in consequence of that declaration is now cramped ten times more, is like the case of a foolish man who after losing an eye in fighting, renews the combat to revenge the injury, and loses the other eye.
Those who never experienced an invasion by suffering it, which the English people have not, can have but little idea of it. Between the two armies the country will be desolated, wherever the armies are, and that as much by their own army as by the enemy.—The farmers on the coast will be the first sufferers, for whether their stock of cattle, corn, &c. be seized by the invading army or driven off, or burnt, by orders of their own government, the effect will be the same to them. As to the revenue, which has been collected altogether in paper, since the bank stop payment, it will go to destruction the instant an invading army lands? and as to effective government, there can be but little where two armies are contending for victory in a country small as England is.
With respect to the general politics of Europe, the British ministry could not have committed a greater error than to
make Malta the ostensible cause of war; for though Malta is an unproductive rock, and will be an expense to any nation that possesses it, there is not a power in Europe will consent that England should have it. It is a situation capable of annoying and controlling the commerce of other nations in the Mediterranean; and the conduct of England on the seas, and in the Baltic, has shown the danger of her possessing Malta. Bonaparte by opposing her claim has all Europe with him.—England by asserting it loses all. Had the English ministry studied for an object that would put them at variance with all nations from the North of Europe to the south, they could not have done it more effectually.
But what is Malta to the people of England compared with the evils and dangers they already suffer in consequence of it. It is their own government that has brought this upon them. Were Burke now living he would be deprived of his exclamation that "the age of chivalry is gone;" for this declaration of war is like a challenge sent from one knight of the sword to another knight of the sword to fight him on the challenger's ground, and England is staked at the prize.
But though the British ministry began this war for the sake of Malta, they are now artful enough to keep Malta out of sight. Not a word is now said about Malta in any of their parliamentary speeches and messages. The king's speech is silent upon the subject, and the invasion is put in its place, as if the invasion was the cause of the war and not the consequence of it. This policy is easily seen through. The case is, they went to war without count of the cost or calculating upon events, and they are now obliged to shift the scenes to conceal the disgrace.
If they were disposed to try experiments upon France, they chose for it the worst possible time as well as the worst possible object. France has now for its chief the most enterprising and fortunate man, either for deep project or daring execution, the world has known for many ages. Compared with him there is not a man in the British government, or under its authority has any chance with him. That he is ambitious the world knows, and he always was so; but he knew where to stop. He had reached the highest point of probable expectation, and having reduced all his enemies to peace, had set himself down to the improvement of agriculture, manufactures and commerce at home, and his conversation with the English ambassador Whitworth showed he wished to continue so. In this view of his situation, could any thing be worse policy than to give to satisfied ambition a new object and provoke it into action. Yet this the British ministry have done.
The plan of a descent upon England by gun boats began after the first peace with Austria and the acquisition of Belgium by France. Before that acquisition France had no territory on the north sea, and it is there the descent to be carried on. Dunkirk was then her northern limit.—The English coast opposite to France on the channel, from the straits between Dover and Calais to the land's end, about three hundred miles, is high, bold and rocky, to the height, in many places perpendicular, of three, four or five hundred feet, and it is only where there are breaks in the rocks such as at Portsmouth, Plymouth, &c. that a landing can be made, and as those places could be easily protected, because England was mistress of the channel, France had no opportunity of making an invasion unless she could first defeat the English fleet. But the union of Belgium to France makes a new order of things.
The English coast on the north sea, including the counties of Essex, Suffolk, Norfolk and Lincolnshire is as level as a bowling green, and approachable in every part for more than two hundred miles.—The shore is a clean firm sand, where a flat bottomed boat may row on dry ground. The country people use it as a race ground and for other sports when the tide is out. It is the weak and defenceless part of England, and it is impossible to make it otherwise; and besides this, there is not a port or harbour in it where ships of the line or large frigates can rendezvous for its protection. The Belgic coast and that of Holland which joins it, is directly opposite this defenceless part, and open a new passage for invasion. The Dutch fishermen know this coast better than the English themselves, except those who live upon it; and the Dutch smugglers know every creek and corner in it.
The original plan, formed in the time of the directory (but now much more extensive) was to build one thousand boats, each sixty feet long, sixteen feet broad, to draw about two feet water, to carry a twenty-four or thirty-six pounder in the head and a field piece in the stern, to be run out as soon as they touched ground. Each boat was to carry an hundred men, making in the whole one hundred thousand, and to row with twenty or twenty-five oars on a side. Bonaparte was appointed to the command, and by an agreement between him and me I was to accompany him, as the intention of the expedition was to give the people of England an opportunity of forming a government for themselves and thereby bring about peace. I have no reason to suppose this part of the plan is altered, because there is nothing better Bonaparte can do. As to the clamour spread by some of the English news papers that he comes for plunder, it is absurd. Bonaparte is too good a general to undisciplined and dissolve his army by plundering, and too good a politician as
well as much accustomed to great achievements, to make plunder his object. He goes against the government that has declared war against him.
As the expedition could choose its time of setting off either after a storm when the English fleet would be blown off, or in a calm, or in a fog; and as thirty-six hours rowing would be able to carry them over, the probability is it would arrive, and when arrived no ship of the line or large frigate could approach it on account of the shallowness of the coast; and besides this the boats would form a floating battery close in with the shore of a thousand pieces of heavy artillery; and the attempt of Nelson against the gun-boats at Boulogne shows the insufficiency of ships in such situations. About two hundred and fifty gun-boats were built, when the expedition was abandoned for that of Egypt, to which the preparations had served as a feint.
The present impolitic war by the English government has now renewed the plan, and that with much greater energy than before and with national unanimity. All France is alive to chastise the English government for recommencing the war, and all Europe stands still to behold it. The preparations for the invasion have already demonstrated to France, what England ought never to have permitted her to know, which is, that she can hold the English government in terror and the whole country in alarm whenever she pleases, and as long as she pleases, and that without employing a single ship of the line, and more effectually than if she had a hundred sail. The boasted navy of England is outdone by gun boats! It is a revolution in naval tactics. But we live in an age of revolutions.
The preparations in England for defence are also great, but they are marked with an ominous trait of character. There is something sullen on the face of affairs in England. Not an address has been presented to the king by any county, city, town, or corporation since the declaration of war. The people unite for the protection of themselves and property against whatever events may happen, but they are not pleased and their silence is the expression of their discontent.
Another circumstance, curious and awkward, was the conduct of the house of commons with respect to their address to the king in consequence of the king's speech at the opening of parliament. The address which is always an echo of the speech, was voted without opposition, and this equivocal silence passed for unanimity. The next thing was to present it, and it was made the order for the next day that the house should go up in a body to the king with the speaker at their head for that purpose. The time fixed was half after three, and it was expected the procession would be numerous, three or four hundred at least, in order to show their zeal and their loyalty and their thanks to the king for his intention of taking the field. But when half after three arrived, only thirty members were present, and, without forty, (the number that makes a house) the address could not be presented. The sergeant was then sent out, with the authority of a press warrant, to search for members, and by four o'clock he returned with just enough to make up forty, and the procession set off with the slowness of a funeral, for it was remarked it went slower than usual.
Such a circumstance in such a critical juncture of affairs, and on such an occasion, shews at least, a great indifference towards the government. It was like saying, you have brought us into a great deal of trouble and we have no personal thanks to make to you. We have voted the address as a customary matter of form and we leave it to find its way to you as well as it can.
If the invasion succeed, I hope Bonaparte will remember that this war has not been provoked by the people. It is altogether the act of the government without their consent or knowledge; and though the late peace appears to have been insidious from the first on the part of government, it was received by the people with a sincerity of joy.
There is yet perhaps one way, if it be not too late, to put an end to this burthensome state of things and which threatens to be worse; which is for the people, now they are embodied for their own protection, to instruct their representatives in parliament to move for the fulfilment of the treaty of Amiens, for a treaty ought to be fulfilled. The present is an uncommon case accompanied with uncommon circumstances, and it must be got over by means suited to the occasion. What is Malta to them? The possession of it might serve to extend the patronage and influence of the crown on the appointment to new offices, and the part that would fall to the people would be to pay the expense. The more acquisitions the government makes abroad, the more taxes the people have to pay at home. This has always been the case in England.
The non-fulfilment of a treaty ruins the honor of a government, and spreads a reproach over the character of a nation. But when a treaty of peace is made with the concealed design of not fulfilling it, and war is declared for the avowed purpose of avoiding it, the case is still worse. The representative system does not put it in the power of an individual to declare war of his own will. It must be the act of the body of the representatives, for it is their constituents who are to pay the expense. The state which the people of England are now in, shews the extreme danger of trusting this power to the caprice of an individual, whatever title he may bear. In that country this power is assumed by
what is called, the crown, for it is not constituted by any legal authority. It is a branch from the trunk of monarchical despotism.
By this impolitic declaration of war, the government of England have put every thing to issue; and no wise general would commence an action he might avoid, where little is to be gained by gaining the battle, and every thing is to be lost by losing it. An invasion and a revolution, which consequently includes that of Ireland, stand now on the same ground.—What part the people may finally take in a contest pregnant with such an issue is yet to be known. By the experiment of raising the country in mass the government have put arms into the hands of men, whom they would have sent to Botany Bay but a few months before, had they found a pike in their possession. The honor of this project, which is copied from France, is claimed by Mr. Pitt; and no project of his has yet succeeded in the end, except that of raising the taxes and ruining the bank. All his schemes in the revolutionary war of France failed of success and finished in discredit. If Bonaparte is remarkable for an unexampled series of good fortune, Mr. Pitt is remarkable for a contrary fate; and his want of popularity with the people, whom he deserted and betrayed on the question of a reform of parliament, sheds no beams of glory round his projects.
If the present eventful crisis, for an eventful one it is should end in a revolution, the people of England have, within their glance the benefit of experience both in theory and fact. This was not the case at first. The American revolution began on untried ground. The representative system of government was then unknown in practice, and but little thought of in theory. The idea that man must be governed by elig and show, and that superstitious reverence was necessary to establish authority, had so benumbed the reasoning faculties of man, that some bold exertion was necessary to shock them into reflection. But the experiment has now been made.—The practice of almost thirty years, the last twenty of which have been of peace, notwithstanding the wrong headed tumultuous administration of John Adams, has proved the excellence of the representative system, and the new world is now the preceptor of the old. The children are become the fathers of their progenitors.
With respect to the French revolution, it was begun by good men and on good principles, and I have always believed it would have gone on so, had not the provocative interference of foreign powers, of which Pitt was the principal and vindictive agent, distracted it into madness and soon jealousies among the leaders.
The people of England have now two revolutions before them. The one as an example; the other as a warning. Their own wisdom will direct them what to choose and what to avoid, and in every thing which regards the happiness, combined with the common good of mankind, I wish them honor and success.
THOMAS PAINE.
America, March 4, 1804.
NEW-YORK, March 5.
Captain Fairchild, who arrived here yesterday from Aux-Cayes, gives us a most distressing account of the situation of that place. He informs that the most horrid massacres were going on at Aux-Cayes: a few nights before he sailed, most of the whites of that place were put to death. Mr. McIntire, a citizen of the United States, Mr. Cunningham and Mr. Carter, merchants of that place, who do business for Americans at Aux-Cayes, and two or three others, fortunately escaped, they having thrown themselves under the protection of the commander in chief, Cacherou, Capt. Fairchild brought out five French passengers, whom he picked up at sea between three and four leagues from land, and who made their escape from Aux-Cayes in an open boat during the massacre at that place. A stagnation of business took place immediately after the commencement of the massacre.
Captain Fairchild further informs, that the magazine at Port Republic was said to have been blown up, and that a great number of people were destroyed in the explosion—and it was said that the blacks suspected the whites to have been the instigators of it. Shortly after this event, all the whites, except six, and all but three or four at the Cape, were massacred.
Captain Tatem, from St. Thomas's, says, three or four vessels had arrived there from the city of St. Domingo, loaded with a number of the white inhabitants, who had fled from that city; all reported that the approach of the Brigands had caused such a panic that all the inhabitants who could get away were flying in every direction.
NOTICE.
THE Election for Common Council men and Aldermen for the city of Richmond will commence on the 1st Wednesday in April next, agreeable to an act of the General Assembly.
J. WHITELAW,
Sergeant of the city of Richmond
March 7, 1804.
N. B. The place for holding the Election in Jefferson ward, at the court house of said city—in Madison ward, at the Eagle Tavern—in Monroe ward, at Judge Wythe's new tenement, nearly opposite to the dwelling house of Mrs. Braxton.
J. WHITELAW, Sjt.
IMPORTANT,
PARTICULARLY AT THE PRESENT.
THE subscriber intending to leave Richmond in a few days, and desirous that any of the citizens thereof, or others, should avail themselves of the opportunity of purchasing the Rev. Burgess Allison's Patent Right for divers terminated and distilled liquors, of their disagreeable and unwholesome qualities, particularly country rum and whiskey, and giving them the flavor of West India rum, French brandy, or Holland gin of the best quality, samples are prepared, and will be exhibited to those who wish to contract, or inspect the same, at the house of Mr. Wm. Davidson, burr-mill-stone maker, near the market-house.—The subscriber also invites those who wish to have their initials, or any other engravings upon glass, to make immediate application, otherwise a convenient opportunity will be their own neglect.
TIMOTHY R. RYAN.
Richmond, 12th March, 1804.
(3c)

The Virginia Argus.
RICHMOND:
SATURDAY MARCH 17, 1804
From Washington City, March 12.
We have the satisfaction of stating that the Amendment to the Constitution has been ratified by the legislature of Rhode Island...
We are authorised to state that the frigate John Adams will sail from this place for the American squadron in the Mediterranean...
By the ship Manchester, arrived at New York. London papers are received to the 14th of January. No political event of national importance has occurred since...
Extract of a letter from a gentleman belonging to the Presbyterian Church in Philadelphia, to his friend in New York.
"Some time ago I forwarded to Mr. Jefferson a copy of the Extracts of our General Assembly, to let him see the fallacy of the fears of many good people, upon his accession to the presidency..."
LATEST FROM EUROPE.
Our readers will find a variety of foreign intelligence in the succeeding columns, received by an arrival at New York from Liverpool. The London advices are 38 days later than those heretofore received...
The information received by this arrival is by no means of that interesting nature, which we had anticipated...
New York, March 7. The ship Manchester, Capt. Hall, has arrived within the hook in 52 days from Liverpool.
Capt. Hall brings papers to the 9th of Jan. which is 38 days later than heretofore received. No invasion had taken place at that time...
Dwyer, well known as a distinguished chief among the Irish insurgents, after concealing himself for a long time among the mountains, surrendered himself, unconditionally to Capt. Hume, of Wicklow county.
An article under the head of Dover, December 20, gives the following description of a French gun boat sunk in their pier. She is lugger rigged, 68 feet long, 18 feet 8 inches wide, and 4 feet 8 inches deep...
Scindhuhanes, the noted German captain of Banditti, was executed at Mentz on the 21st November, with twenty of his associates.
Frequent conferences are stated to have taken place at Paris, between the French minister of foreign affairs, and the Austrian and Prussian ambassadors, relative to a difference between Austria and Bavaria.
The following article relative to continental prospects is from one of our London papers. "Accounts from Rotterdam state, that the head quarters of the French general Arnaud have been removed from Laubembourg or Ratzburg, preparatory to the arrival of general Mortier, with his army from Hanover..."
The accounts relative to Spain continue to be very contradictory. Some say that the naval and military preparations have become exceedingly active of late...
Rumors of lord Nelson's death which have reached this country are unfounded. He is in the Mediterranean blocking the French fleet in Toulon...
Accounts from Bastia the capital of Corsica, state that the French troops that had arrived there were marching towards the mouth of the Ajaccio where a body of troops was forming...
We find that the senate of the United States were occupied for two days in discussing the merits of the bill introduced by general Smith for the protection of American seamen...
In favor of postponement. Messrs. Anderson, Baldwin, Cocke, Condit, Dayton, Franklin, Hillhouse, Jackson, Logan, Mac- lay, Nicholas, Olcott, Pickering, Plumer, I. Smith, J. Smith, J. Smith, (Ohio), Venable, Wells, White.
Opposed. Messrs. Armstrong, Bradley, Breckenridge, Ellery, Potter, S. Smith, Stone, Sumpter, Tracey, Worthington, Wright.
As all the federalists, except Mr. Tracey, voted for a postponement, we hope to hear no clamor from their prints on the subject.
From Mr. Gallatin's report to Congress, the 25th January, 1804, it appears that the domestic articles of export from the United States for one year, ending the 30th September, 1803, amount to Dollars 42,205,961
Table with 2 columns: Item, Value. Exports of Virginia 7,229,967 (1/6 of the U.S.), Do. of Richmond 4,125,000 (4/7th of Virginia).
or 1-10th part of the whole exports of the United States, and exceeding the total exports of the states of Pennsylvania and Maryland individually, viz:
Table with 2 columns: Item, Value. Pennsylvania, Dolls. 4,021,214, Maryland, 3,838,396. Query. If Richmond exports without bank accommodation, 4-7ths of Virginia, and 1-10th of the United States, what extent may reasonably be calculated upon...
DIED, lately in Suffolk, Mrs. MARY GOOSLEY, consort of George Goosley, Esq. Attorney at Law, and eldest daughter of Martin Mims, Esq. of this city, in the 21st year of her age.
Richmond Theatre.
FOR THE BENEFIT OF MR. BAILEY. This Evening, March 17, 1804, WILL BE PRESENTED, THE COMEDY OF THE CONTRAST, OR, THE TRUE AMERICAN SON OF LIBERTY.
BOARDING SCHOOL FOR YOUNG LADIES.
C. M. HUMBER, has the honor of acquainting her friends in particular and the public in general, that she intends to commence teaching on the first Monday in April. The situation is healthy and pleasant, lying about five miles above Goodland courthouse...
REMOVAL.
WILLIAM D. WREN, COACH AND HARNES MAKER, Begs leave to inform his friends, in particular, and the public in general, that he has removed his shop to the place formerly occupied by Greaves, Holon & Greaves, coach-makers...
T. Ritchie takes this
method of informing the subscribers to the EXQUISITOR, that the appearance of that paper has been delayed by the difficulty of procuring sufficient materials from the northward...
Geatano Cetti & Co.
JUST arrived from Philadelphia, beg leave to inform the public, that they have opened a STORE opposite to the Market-house, which was formerly occupied by Mr. Isaac Delyon...
Just received direct from the Patentee's and for Sale by SHAPARD & LUCKE, RICHMOND, The following Valuable
Family Medicines,
Which they are also forwarding to the following persons, viz: Virginia - Thomas H. Walton, Cartersville; Thomas Wyatt, Lynchburg; John Gilliam & Co. Cumberland; Thomas Miller, Bedford; Moses Norris, Columbia; Samuel Shelton & Co. Warren; Zachariah Hall, Powhatan; John Peyton, Milton; Isaac Caruthers & Co. Lexington; Benj. & Christopher Morris, Staunton; Richard Rankin, Augusta (Jennings' Gap); Peter Crawford, Louisa; Henry H. Dickinson, Caroline; Robert Warburton, Williamsburg; Barclay & Barclay, Aylett's Warehouse; Capt. Lewis Booker, Essex; North Carolina - Major James Vaughan, Williamsborough; Norwood & Blackwell, Granville; Thomas Webb, ditto.
DR. RAWSON'S
Anti-Bilious and Stomachic Bitters, Prepared by Thomas H. Rawson, New London, Member of the Connecticut Medical Society, for which discovery he obtained a Patent, signed by the President of the United States, July 24th, 1802, agreeably to an Act of congress.
THE celebrity and demand for these Bitters, and unqualified letters and certificates of their singular virtues and effects, as well from eminent Physicians as others of the first respectability, daily received by the Patentee, from all parts of the union, proves them experimentally the greatest discovery ever yet made in the healing art. The following are some of the most prominent complaints in which these Bitters are efficacious, and so universally admired, viz:
Table with 2 columns: Complaint, Cure. Indigestion, Dysenteries, Debility, Gravel, Head aches, Dropsies, Lowness of spirits, Worms, Bilious complaints, Jaundice, Agues, Rheumatism, Female complaints.
DR. RAWSON'S Patent Anti-Bilious Pills, or Family Physic.
THESE Pills produce the most sensible and surprising effects on the Bilious passages, and discharge with facility and ease all kinds of bilious Congestions, and experience proves them superior to any other physic for:
Table with 2 columns: Complaint, Cure. Bilious & Yellow Fevers, Coffiveness, Cholic, Female complaints, Dizziness, And for destroying Worms in the bowels of children. Pains in the Stomach & Bowels.
DR. RAWSON'S
Ichb Ointment. THIS Ointment has a remarkable ascendancy over every other composition heretofore discovered, for cleaning and beautifying the skin. Pimples and all kinds of Eruptions on the face and elsewhere, and Cutaneous disorders of almost every kind, are radically cured by this Ointment.
It cures the Itch in a short time with safety, and ease. This Ointment is very agreeable in smell, it leaves the skin smooth and beautiful, and may at all times and on all occasions be used agreeably to directions, without in the least endangering the patient's health - Price 44 cents a box. Tyce's Ditto, price 50 cents.
DR. RAWSON'S
Worm Powders. A Medicine which for efficacy and safety in its operation stands unrivaled. The most authentic proofs and respectable authorities of its astonishing virtues and surprising effects in extreme and alarming cases of Worms, may be seen at the places of sale - Price 50 cents a package.
Genuine Aromatic PASTE,
For the Teeth and Scurvy in the Gums, Prepared only by J. THOMPSON, New-London, Connecticut. THE only Medicine in the world that will with safety, ease and certainty, cure the Scurvy in the Teeth and Gums. This Paste cleanses the Teeth and purifies the Gums of any foulness, or acid corrosive humours; it braces and strengthens the fibres of the Gums, so that they adhere close to the Teeth; it likewise makes the Teeth appear white and beautiful, and takes off all disagreeable smells from the breath, which generally arise from Scorbutic Gums and bad Teeth.
Anti-Bilious Patent Pills.
LEE'S Genuine Windham Bilious Pills, PREPARED by Samuel Lee, jun. of Windham, in the State of Connecticut; for which discovery he obtained a Patent signed by the President of the United States, April 30, 1796, agreeable to an act of Congress.
THE numerous puffing impositions upon the public, and the assortment of remarkable cures never made, nor certified by signed names, or by persons unacquainted with the nature of disease, and the effect of particular medicine, render it difficult to do justice to the Public, in offering sufficient motives to make trial of the virtues of this invaluable medicine.
A Young Man in want
of a situation in a store, or as a clerk. Apply at John P. Shields' tavern, where he may be seen. March 16, 1804.
Run away from the sub-
scriber, living in Amherst county, on the 18th of last month, a mulatto man named WARRICK, about thirty years of age, and about five feet ten inches high, rather knock-kneed & slender made, had on when he went away a new suit of nap'd cotton. Whoever will deliver the said slave to me or secure him in jail so that I get him again, shall receive TEN DOLLARS reward besides what the law allows.
ROBERT PAGE. 1st March, 1804.
THE SUBSCRIBER IS YET DESIROUS TO SELL HIS
Valuable Tract of Land,
Lying in the upper end of Powhatan county, on both sides of Deep creek, being 12 miles from Cartersville, 2 from Appomattox river, less than one from the great Buckingham road and 42 from Manchester.
The county is well regulated in its police and sociable in the manners of its inhabitants. To these local advantages may be added that the soil is fertile and well adapted to the culture of Tobacco, Grain and Grass. The mansion place is healthy, with dwelling houses and other offices to accommodate a large family.
It is supposed to contain about 1500 acres, of which 300 are valuable low grounds, 100 reclaims for cultivation and the rest under heavy timber. Little more need be said to those inclined to possess a landed estate of easy access to Richmond and Petersburg by the Turnpike and Navigation.
This land will be laid off in 2 or 3 convenient lots, and offered to public sale at Powhatan May Court, being the 16th, at 12 o'clock; for 1-4th payable at Christmas next, when possession will be given, and the remainder in equal annual payments, to carry interest from the time of possession, with approved personal and real security. The land and proposed allotments will be shown by Mr. David Maxey on the premises.
WILLIAM MAYO. Henrico, March 15th, 1804.
Notice.
ALL persons having claims against the estate of Zac. Birthwright, dec. are requested to bring them forward immediately, as I am determined to close my administration at next Charlotte court; this advertisement will be plead in bar against any demands after that time.
JOHN GARDEN, Adm'r. of Zac. Birthwright, dec. 1st March, 1804.
W. COWAN,
Watch & Clock Maker, RESPECTFULLY informs his friends and the public, that he has commenced business in part of the shop occupied by Mr. E. Sullivan, Jeweller, one door below the Eagle Tavern.
W. C. repairs Repeating, Horizontal and plain Watches, Musical, Chime, Chamber and plain Clocks, on the most reasonable terms. Those who favor him with their custom may depend on having their work done with neatness and punctuality.
N. B. A variety of WATCH CHAINS, SEALS and KEYS, for sale. March 12, 1804.
Juvenile Instruction.
THE Senior Class in J. Ogilvie's school have commenced the study of Criticism, Ethics and Metaphysics; an analysis of the principles of Political Economy and Government will conclude this part of the course. Young men who have not had an opportunity of studying these branches of science, (of all others the most important to such as aspire to literary, legal or political eminence,) will probably find the manner in which they are taught in this school, peculiarly calculated to facilitate and expedite their progress. The senior class is at present composed of seventeen young men; but as J. O. communicates instruction on these subjects entirely in the medium of Lectures, eight or ten additional students, would extend his utility and increase his emoluments, without imposing upon him much more labor than he at present undergoes. Richmond, March 9th, 1804.
WILLIAM TEMPLE,
HAS FOR SALE, 100 gross black QUART BOTTLES, packed in hds. containing 2 1/4 gross each - 100 Kegs WHITE LEAD, ground in oil, containing 28ibs, each - 50 Kegs SPANISH BROWN - 500 Sacks SALT - 21 Bales best tw'd H SACKING, containing 6859 yards - 4 chests 4-4 Irish LINENS, containing 50 pieces each, assorted, from 18d to 4s 6d sterling, of the bleach of Stephenson, which by all who know them are preferred - 1 chest 5-4 Irish SHEETINGS, containing 25 pieces, assorted, from 18d to 3s sterling - 2 Bales INDIA COTTONS. Richmond, 8th March, 1804.
To be Sold,
On the premises, on Saturday the 24th instant, by Robert Hyle and Wm. Porter, or either of them, commissioners appointed pursuant to a decree of the Court of Chancery for the Richmond district, All the Land which Wm. Du-Val sold to London Mansford, (except one acre) for ready money to the highest bidder; supposed to contain nine acres, more or less; to satisfy J. Jones' bond £10, with interest from Dec. 1, 1793, and the expenses of recording the mortgage from London Mansford to James Austin, and the costs of this suit, first paying thereout the sum of £52 2s 4d, with interest thereon from March 1, 1804, to 4s. Du-Val, who is to make the conveyance to the purchaser. The land lies in Henrico county adjoining to the Brunting Green. St. March 14, 1804.
Notice.
THE Copartnership of SHIPARD & LUCKE is this day dissolved by mutual consent. All persons having claims against the concern are desired to bring them forward in order to receive payment; and all those persons indebted to them are requested to make immediate payment to either of the partners, by note or otherwise, as no further indulgence can be given. JAMES SHIPARD. THOMAS LUCKE.
Thomas Bendle, Saddler,
BEGS leave to inform his friends and the public in general, that he intends carrying on the business in all its various branches, as heretofore in the house opposite the Eagle Tavern, and formerly occupied by Capt. William Austin. He returns his sincere thanks to his friends and the public for the encouragement hitherto received, and hopes by a strict attention to business, to merit the continuance of their favors. Richmond, 20th February, 1804.
BANK BILL.
THE act passed by the General Assembly of Virginia, for establishing a Bank in the City of Richmond, is just published and for Sale at this office.

[By Authority.]
AN ACT
For the relief of certain military pensioners in the state of South Carolina.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the persons to whom military pensions have been heretofore granted and paid by the state of South Carolina, in pursuance of the resolves of the United States, in Congress assembled, for the payment of pensions to the invalids who were wounded and disabled during the late war with Great Britain, and who have not been placed on the books, in the office of the Secretary for the department of War, shall be, and the same hereby are directed to be placed on said books, and their said pensions shall be hereafter paid by the United States, in the same manner as to other pensioners of the United States, out of the funds already appropriated for that purpose.
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That in placing the names of pensioners on the books, pursuant to the directions contained in the foregoing section, the Secretary of War shall be guided by a certificate from the state of South Carolina, when the same shall be delivered to him under the proper authentication, which certificate shall specify the names of pensioners and sums of pensions, and likewise that they have not been paid since March the fourth, one thousand seven hundred and eighty-nine, by said state; which certificate shall be recorded in the books of the department of War, and the original kept on file. And each officer, non-commissioned officer and soldier, whose name shall be placed on the said list as a pensioner, in conformity to the provisions of this act, or in case of the death of any such officer, non-commissioned officer, or soldier, his heirs or legal representatives, shall receive a sum equal to the arrears of his pension, which shall have accrued from and after the fourth day of March, one thousand seven hundred and eighty-nine, until the passage of this act, or until the death of such pensioner, as aforesaid, as the case may be: which arrears shall be ascertained and certified by the register of the Treasury in the same manner and under the said restrictions as are contained in the act passed the eleventh day of August, one thousand seven hundred and ninety, intituled "an act for the relief of the persons therein mentioned or described:" Provided, that the commutation of half-pay, which may have been received by any commissioned officer entitled to a pension as aforesaid, shall first be returned by such officer into the treasury of the United States, or shall be deducted from the arrears of pension directed to be paid by this act.
NATHL. MACON, Speaker of the House of Representatives. A. BURR, Vice-President of the United States, and President of the Senate. March 3, 1804. APPROVED, TH: JEFFERSON.
AN ACT
To allow drawbacks of duties on goods, wares and merchandise, transported by land in the cases therein mentioned.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That all goods, wares and merchandise duly imported into either of the districts of Boston and Charlestown, Salem and Beverly, Newburyport, Ipswich, or Marblehead in the state of Massachusetts, which shall be transported by inland conveyance, along the turnpike or other main road into another of the said districts, and be therefrom exported to any foreign port or place, shall be entitled to the benefit of a drawback of the duties upon such exportation, under the same provisions, regulations, restrictions and limitations, as if the goods, wares and merchandise were transported coastwise from one to another of the said districts, and also upon the conditions specified in the seventy-ninth section of the act, entitled, "An act to regulate the collection of duties on imports and tonnage."
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That all goods, wares and merchandise duly imported into the district of Delaware, may be transported to the same places, in the same manner, and on the same conditions with goods, wares and merchandise, duly imported into the districts of Philadelphia, New York, or Baltimore; and shall in like manner be entitled to the benefit of a drawback of the duties thereon, upon exportation to any foreign port or place, agreeably to the provisions contained in the seventy-ninth section of an act, entitled "An act to regulate the collection of duties on imports and tonnage;" and that all goods, wares and merchandise, which being duly imported into the districts of Philadelphia, New York, or Baltimore, shall be exported from the district of Delaware, shall also be entitled to the benefit of a drawback of the duties on the same, in the same manner, and on the same conditions which are prescribed by the said seventy-ninth section of the act aforesaid, for goods, wares and merchandise, which being duly imported into Baltimore or New-York, shall be exported from Philadelphia.
NATHL. MACON, Speaker of the House of Representatives. A. BURR, Vice-President of the United States, and President of the Senate. March 3, 1804. APPROVED, TH: JEFFERSON.
PROPOSALS, For Publishing by Subscription, Modern Geography.
A Description of the Empires, Kingdoms, States and Colonies, with the Oceans, Seas, and Isles in all parts of the World; including the most recent Discoveries and political Alterations, digested on a new Plan.
By JOHN PINKERTON. THE ASTRONOMICAL INTRODUCTION By the Rev. J. VINCE, A. M. F. R. S. And Philip Professor of Astronomy, and experimental Philosophy, in the University of Cambridge.
WITH NUMEROUS MAPS, Drawn from the Direction, and with the latest Improvements of Arrowsmith, and engraved by the best Artists.
THAT a new and more correct Work on Geography, than has hitherto appeared, has long been much wanted, is a fact too evident to admit of contradiction. Few men are capacitated to perform the arduous task of compiling a System perfectly correct; but none, perhaps, that have attempted it, have been so successful as the Author of these volumes. The Work first appeared in London, in March 1802, and met with a reception which sufficiently proved the high estimation in which it was held. But, as an Extract from the Author's Preface will more clearly explain his plan, and the exertions which were made to give it to the British public, in a correct state, the American Publishers will content themselves with simply observing, that no endeavor shall be wanting, on their part, to render it, by useful additions, even more valuable than it now is. They have engaged several scientific Characters to revise the whole Work, and particularly that part which relates to America; to which considerably more attention will be paid, than may have been thought necessary by the Author. To the Maps in the English Edition, will be added, a Map of the U. S. and one of each State of the Union; which have been some time preparing, by a Gentleman of professional eminence. The whole of the Maps, which will be bound in a separate quarto volume, will be executed in a style of elegance never exceeded in this Country. When it is considered, that the English Edition sells at 30 dollars, and the American is to be delivered to Subscribers at 12, the publishers are induced to believe that every Friend to Science and the interests of the American Press, will give this Work their cordial and immediate patronage.
PREFACE. THE importance of Geography as a science, and the exuberant variety of knowledge and amusement, which it exhibits, are themes too trivial for argument or illustration. Eagerly attached to this study from his early years, the author always cherished a hope that he might contribute his labors to its advancement. For much remained to be done; and many literary men have long admitted, that great advantages might be derived from a new and improved system of Modern Geography, the latest popular works of this nature not only abounding with numerous and gross mistakes, but being so imperfect in their original plans, that the chief geographical topics, have been sacrificed to long details of history, chronology, and commercial regulations, wholly extraneous to the very nature of such a design. When to this it is added, that the most recent and important discoveries are either omitted, imperfectly illustrated, or so defectively arranged as to embarrass and baffle the research of the most patient enquirer, there is no reason to be surprised at the general confession, that such compilations are only used because there is no better extant.
The successive discoveries in the Pacific Ocean, and other parts of the globe, have, within these few years, acquired such a certainty and consistency, that they may now be admitted & arranged, in a regular and precise distribution of the habitable world; while the recent discoveries of La Perouse, Vancouver, and other navigators, nearly complete the exact delineation of the continental shores. No period of time could be more favorable to the appearance of a new system of Geography, than the beginning of a new century, after the close of the eighteenth, which will be memorable in all ages, from the gigantic progress of every science, and in particular of geographical information; nor less from the surprising changes which have taken place in most countries of Europe, and which of themselves render a new description indispensable. Whole kingdoms have been annihilated; grand provinces transferred; and such a general alteration has taken place in states and boundaries, that a geographical work published five years ago may be pronounced to be already antiquated.
After a general war of the most eventful description, after revolutions of the most flourishing nature, Europe at length reposes in universal peace. The new divisions and boundaries no longer fluctuate with every campaign, but are established by solemn treaties, which promise to be durable, as at no former period has war appeared more sanguinary or destructive, and at the same time more fruitless even to the victors. These treaties not only influence the descriptions of European countries, but of many in Asia, Africa and America.
A new system of Geography is also specially authorized and authenticated, by the singular advantage of several important books of travels having appeared within these few years, which introduce far more light and precision into our knowledge of many religions. The embassies to China, Tibet, and Ava, for example, present fresh and authentic materials, without which recourse must have been had to more remote and doubtful information; and the Birman empire is unknown to all systems of geography. The researches of the Asiatic Society, and other late works, diffuse a new radiance over Hindostan, and the adjacent countries. The labors of the African Society, the travels of Park, Browne, and Barrow, have given more precision to our imperfect knowledge of Africa; and the journeys of Hearne and Mackenzie have contributed to disclose
the northern boundaries of America. In short, it may be safely affirmed, that more important books of travels and other sources of geographical information, have appeared within these few years, than at any period whatever of literary history.
In this work the essence of innumerable books of travels and voyages will be found to be extracted; and such productions have been the favorite amusements of the most distinguished minds, in all periods and countries, as combining the variety, novelty, and adventure, of poetical and romantic narration, with the study of man and the benefits of practical instruction. It is unnecessary to repeat the names of Montaigne, Locke, Montesquieu, &c. or that of my late friend Gibbon, whose collection of voyages and travels formed the most chosen part of his library. Why did he not write Geography! Why has a Strabo been denied to modern times!
Nor must the rapid advances of Natural History be forgotten, which now confer such superior precision on the Natural Geography of most countries. Not only have Zoology and Botany received the greatest improvements; but Geology and Mineralogy have, within these twenty years, become entirely new and grand sciences; the substances being accurately arranged, and described with such clearness, that throughout the literary world they are exactly known and discriminated.
Yet even with such advantages Geography is far from being perfect; and the familiar exclamation of d'Anville in his old age may still be adopted: "Ah! my friends, there are many errors in Geography." This science may indeed be regarded as imperfect in its very nature, as no reasonable hope can be entertained that all the habitable lands shall, at any period of time, pass under a trigonometrical survey, the only standard of complete exactness. The chief defects are the interior parts of Africa, and many portions even of the shores; Tibet, and some other central regions of Asia; nay even Persia, Arabia, and Asiatic Turkey; the western parts of North America; and the Spanish settlements in that part of the new continent; with the central and southern parts of South America. Of New Holland little is known, except the shores; and many discoveries remain to be made in the Pacific Ocean, particularly the extent and interior part of New Guinea and other large islands in that quarter. Even in Europe the Geography of Spain and Portugal, is very imperfect, though not so defective as that of European Turkey; nor can we loudly boast while, as Major Rennell informs us, there is no exact chart of the British Channel; and the trigonometrical survey, so far as it has extended, has detected gross errors in the maps of the countries. We have indeed been generally more attentive to remote regions, than to our native country; and could a new system have been published with more advantages, than in the kingdom which has given birth to the greatest modern discoveries, and improvements in Geography?
The rapid progress of Science has also, within a like short period, greatly improved the maps and charts of most countries, always to be ranked among the chief objects of Geography; though unaccountably the compilers of modern systems seem to write without the inspection of any map whatever, or at least never make any reference of that nature. This is the more surprising, as accurate maps and charts may be said to form the very foundation of geographical knowledge. The author of the present work has been sedulous to discover the latest and best maps of all countries in which research has been liberally assisted by our best practical geographers. The small maps which accompany the work are drawn with great care, under the directions and revision of Mr. Arrowsmith, who is well known by the industry and attention which he employs in selecting the most recent and accurate materials and improvements. The smallness of the size will of course prevent them from supplying the place of a large and complete atlas; but they will be found to constitute an useful introduction to such a collection, as they are reduced from the best large maps, and the authorities added at the bottom, while they are illustrated with many important features of the countries, and interesting names, derived from works of natural and civil history, for which a large and expensive atlas may be consulted in vain. The latter part will be formed by the reader himself, for which purpose a list of the best maps is given at the end of the second volume, affording materials for a selection of the great, the middle, or of the small kind. To the first class, for example, may be assigned Cassini's map of France in one hundred and eighty-three sheets, Ferrari's map of the Netherlands, and others of a similar extent, more appropriated to public libraries and princely collections. To the second class may be referred maps of kingdoms, from eight or six to four sheets; while an atlas of the smallest size may include those from four to one sheet large folio; under which a collected atlas can be of no utility. Yet even of the latter a wonderful defect may be observed in the best private libraries, where, though a good atlas should form the first object of inquiry and expense, as being useful in reading almost every description of books, yet maps of the most antiquated and erroneous kind often appear; and even the literary investigator is satisfied with finding the name without exploring the fidelity of the general outline, or the accuracy of the positions.
With the advantages above enumerated, of new and important discoveries, of recent and authentic intelligence, and of the particular period of publication, there cannot be any great claim of merit in presenting a more
complete system of Geography, than has yet appeared in any language; for the Spaniards & Italians have been dormant in this science; the French works of La Croix and others are too brief; while the German compilations of Busching, Fabri, Ebeling, &c. &c. are of a most tremendous prolixity, arranged in the most tasteless manner, and exceeding in dry names, and trifling details, even the minuteness of our Gazetteers. A description of Europe in fourteen quarto volumes may well be contrasted with Strabo's description of the world in one volume; and Geography seems to be that branch of science in which the ancients have established a more classical reputation than the moderns. Every great literary monument may be said to be erected by compilation, from the time of Herodotus to that of Gibbon, and from the age of Homer to that of Shakespeare; but in the use of the materials there is a wide difference between Strabo, Arrian, Ptolemy, Pausanias, Mela, Pliny, and other celebrated ancient names, and modern general geographers; all of whom, except d'Anville, seem under-graduates in literature, without the distinguished talents, or reputation, which have accompanied almost every other literary exertion. Yet it may safely be affirmed that a production of real value in universal Geography requires a wider extent of various knowledge than any other literary department, as embracing topics of the most multifarious description. There is however one name, that of d'Anville, peculiarly and justly eminent in this science; but his reputation is chiefly derived from his maps, and from his illustrations of various parts of ancient Geography. In special departments, Gosselin and other foreigners, have also been recently distinguished; nor is it necessary to remind the reader of the great merit of Rennell and Vincent in our own country.
With such examples the author confesses his ambitious desire that the present work may, at least, be regarded as more free from defects than any preceding system of modern Geography. By the liberality of the publishers no expense has been spared in collecting materials from all quarters; and the assemblage of books & maps would amount to an expense hardly credible. If there be any failure, the blame must solely rest with the author; who being however conversant with the subject from his early youth, when he was accustomed to draw maps, while engaged in the study of history, and never having neglected his devotion to this important science, he hopes that the ample materials will be found not to have been entrusted to inadequate hands. He may affirm that the most sedulous attention has been exerted, in the selection and arrangement of the most interesting topics; and he hopes that the novelty of the plan will not only be recommended by greater ease and expedition, in using this work as a book of reference; but by a more strict and classical connection, so as to afford more clear and satisfactory information on a general perusal. The nature and causes of the plan shall be explained in the preliminary observations, as being intimately connected with other topics there investigated. It may here suffice to observe, that the objects most essentially allied with each other, instead of being dispersed as fragments, are here gathered into distinct heads or chapters, arranged in uniform progress, except where particular circumstances commanded deviation; and instead of pretended histories, and prolix commercial documents, the chief attention is devoted to subjects strictly geographical, but which in preceding systems have often appeared in the form of a mere list of names, the evanescent flades of knowledge. Meagre details of history can be of no service even to youth, and are foreign to the name and nature of Geography, which, like Chronology, only aspires to illustrate history; and, without encroaching upon other provinces, has more than sufficient difficulties to encounter. The States are arranged according to their comparative importance, as it is proper that the objects which deserve most attention should be treated at the greatest length, and claim the earliest observation of the student.
In the Introduction Professor Vince seems to have omitted nothing in astronomy, or meteorology, that could in the least illustrate Geography; and has carefully availed himself of the latest inventions and discoveries. For the Botany of the several countries this work is indebted to Mr. Arthur Aikin, a zealous and intelligent cultivator of Natural History. It may be necessary to remind the unlearned reader, that the Latin names in this part are unavoidable, because plants not known in England must rarely admit of English appellations.
This work will, it is hoped, shew the progress of Geography in every part of the world, to the beginning of the nineteenth century; and when compared with any system, published at the beginning, or even in the middle, of the eighteenth, the advantages will be found to be prodigious. Many of the early systems were not a little injured in truth, and perspicuity, by the mixture of ancient and modern names, even in the maps; an absurdity lately attempted to be revived by some French authors: while in this study the modern state ought always to claim the precedence, because the genuine form of the countries, the windings of the shores, the course of the rivers, the direction of the mountains, and all those parts in which Natural Geography receives assistance from Natural History, are only ascertained by recent observations; and upon this immutable basis ancient Geography must ultimately rest. The modern delineations of many parts of Greece and Asia
Minor have thrown a light upon ancient history, which could never have been derived from theoretic Geography, always useless, because it cannot alter the face of nature, and often blamable, as by suppositions of knowledge, it impedes the progress of genuine observation, and patient discovery. In order to delineate the ancient state of a country, it is indispensable that the best modern maps be previously investigated; by which process alone can the sites be accurately determined; and innumerable conjectures of Cluverius, Cellarius, and even d'Anville, have been overturned by the precision of recent knowledge. Yet the first elements of ancient Geography are often instilled into the minds of youth from obsolete maps, in which the most important positions of Natural Geography, and sometimes even the very points of the compass, are perverted; and from authors whose most radical opinions have been overturned half a century ago! The proper progress is therefore to begin with the study of Modern Geography, which may afterwards be followed with the greatest advantage, by that of the ancient. The opposite course seems almost as ridiculous as it would be to commence the study of Botany by the perusal of Dioscorides, and the Greek and Latin names of plants, without any acquaintance with their genuine characteristics and allusions. In general, genius may be cultivated by the study of ancient authors; but the grounds of any branch of science are to be sought in modern precision.
Amidst other advantages already indicated, the regular references to the authorities, here observed for the first time in any geographical system, will be admitted to be a considerable improvement, not only as imparting authority to the text, but as enabling the reader to recur to the best original works, when he is desirous of more minute information. Yet this improvement is so simple that the omission might seem matter of surprise, were it not that former works of this nature will generally be found to be blindly copied from preceding systems, with the sole claim of superiority in error, as must happen in such cases, where mistakes multiply, & an old hallucination becomes the father of a numerous progeny. The strict quotation of authorities might also be rather dangerous in erroneous details; and the omission is so convenient, as it is to pass in silence geographical doubts of great importance, which might prove pernicious or deals of science. Accustomed to the labors and pleasures of learning merely for his own mental improvement, as the delight of his safe, the relief of care, the solace of misfortune, the author never hesitates to avow his doubts, or his ignorance; nor acquires to sacrifice the little vanity of the individual to his grand object, the advancement of science. An emphatic Arabian proverb declares that the errors of the learned are learned; and even the mistakes of a patient and unbiased inquirer may often excite discussion, and a consequent elucidation of the truth. Many blemishes will, no doubt, be found in a work of such an extensive and multifarious nature; but those who are chiefly enabled to detect them will be the first to pardon. The author can solemnly declare that, in the few centuries which may be here found of some mistakes in other works, he has in no instance been influenced by any motive, except the pure wish of presenting exact information; such a detection of preceding errors being indispensable in a work of instruction. But such passages will be found extremely rare, as he has generally left it to the reader to detect the mistakes of his predecessors, many of which are gross and radical even beyond conception, by a mere collation of their descriptions with those contained in the present work.
CONDITIONS.
The Work will be comprised in 2 octavo volumes of about 800 pages each; and a quarto Atlas, containing all the Maps. It will be printed on a fine paper and new type; a Pamphlet (which may be seen at this office) to be considered as a Specimen of both. The price to Subscribers will be 12 dollars, neatly bound and lettered.—Each volume will be delivered as soon as finished; and no Money required until the delivery. It will be put to press as soon as 400 Subscribers are obtained.
In order to produce an immediate encouragement to the Undertaking, the sum at which Subscribers will receive their Books is considerably under that which will be charged Non-subscribers. (15)
Subscriptions are received at S. Pleasant's Printing office, where a specimen of the work may be seen.
Tucker's Blackstone.
THIS DAY IS PUBLISHED AND READY FOR DELIVERY TO SUBSCRIBERS, IN VIRGINIA, AT S. PLEASANT'S BOOK-STORE, RICHMOND;
BLACKSTONE'S COMMENTARIES, WITH NOTES OF REFERENCE TO THE CONSTITUTION AND LAWS OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES, AND OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA: IN FIVE VOLUMES.
WITH AN APPENDIX TO EACH VOLUME, CONTAINING TRACTS UPON SUCH SUBJECTS AS APPEARED NECESSARY TO FORM A SYSTEMATIC VIEW OF THE LAWS OF VIRGINIA AS A MEMBER OF THE FEDERAL UNION. By ST. GEORGE TUCKER, PROFESSOR OF LAW IN THE COLLEGE OF WILLIAM AND MARY, AND ONE OF THE JUDGES OF THE GENERAL COURT, IN VIRGINIA.
Life of Washington.
SUBSCRIPTIONS for this valuable work are received by Samuel Pleasant, Jr.

The VIRGINIA ARGUS Extra.
[Vol. XI.]
A FREE PRESS MAINTAINS THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE PEOPLE.
[No. 1124]
RICHMOND:—PRINTED (ON WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS) BY SAMUEL PLEASANTS, JUNIOR, ON THE MAIN STREET, A FEW DOORS WEST OF THE BRIDGE.
[FOUR DOLLARS PER ANNUM—PAID IN ADVANCE.]
SATURDAY, MARCH 17, 1804.
[12 1-2 CENTS SINGLE]
The famous high-blooded English horse,
HAMBLETON,
Bred by the Duke of Grafton, a beautiful bright bay, near sixteen hands high, of high form and elegance, rising thirteen years old, in good health and great perfection, imported last spring by William Lightfoot, Esq. of Charles City county, and now his property, will stand the ensuing season at the subscriber's, in Charles City county, five miles below the courthouse, and three from Boulton's old stores, to cover mares at Six Guineas the season, for which a note will be required; dischargeable by the payment of Twenty Dollars, at any time before the 10th of August next, when the season will expire. With One Dollar to the groom for each mare, paid at the stable door. Good and extensive pasturage, well enclosed, with a creek and branches running through, the land affording as good forward pastures as any in this part of the country, gratis. Servants that may be sent with mares will be boarded without charge, and mares fed, if required, on reasonable terms. The utmost attention paid and care taken to prevent accidents, but will not be responsible for any that may happen.
March 5, 1804. HENRY LESTER.
PEDIGREE.
HAMBLETON was got by Dungannon (one of the best sons of O'Kelly's famous Eclipse, who was esteemed to be the best horse of his day, and covered at fifty guineas,) his dam by Snap, sister to Jupiter, bred by Mr. Cross 1773—her dam (Young Marske's dam) by Blank, Scurling, Miss Margaret, by Partner, Grandmound, Curwen, Bay Barb, Lord D'Arcy's Arabian, Wincleshire, old Montague mare. Thus it appears he descended from the best running stock in England.
PERFORMANCES.
This horse ranks very high as a racer, both for speed and bottom, as he proved successful in twenty races before he left the turf, four of which he walked over, none venturing to start against him. In 1794 at Hambleton, Yorkshire, on Wednesday May 14th, he won a sweepstakes of ten guineas each, for 3 year olds, six subscribers, two miles, beating Mr. Bethell's b. f. by Magnanimous, Piccadilly f. by Young Marske, Turner's Confederacy, and Craddock's ch. c. Leicester. At York he won 501. for three year olds, beating Lowther's b. c. Griffin, Crompton's ch. c. Ambush, Shepherd's Maceup, Giffon's b. c. Cedar, and Garforth's ch. c. — even betting on Amos against the field. At Manchester in June, he won 501. for three year olds, two mile heats, beating Foreigner and Loyalist. At Stockton September 20th, he won a sweepstakes of twenty guineas each, five subscribers, then Sir H. Williamson's property, formerly Mr. Hutchinson's, beating Highlander, out of Wren, and Turner's Deline. In 1795, Hambleton won five times, to wit—a handicap plate of 501. two mile heats, at four years old, beating Insect, Blacklegs, and Watkins's b. c. five years old. At Edinburgh July 20th, he won his majesty's plate of 100 guineas, four years old, four mile heats, beating Piccadilly—and on the 23rd walked over the ground for 501. all ages—and on the 24th 50 guineas for all ages, four mile heats, beating Gregory's b. h. Archer, 6 years old, Mr. Peacock's ch. g. Farmer, and Mr. Wilson's Creeping-Kate. At Dumfries in October, he won 501. beating Lord Darlington's b. h. Constant. In 1795, Hambleton won at Kelso, 5th October, a purse of 50 guineas, beating Mr. Butler's Black Cock. In 1799 he won eight times, to wit—at Middleham, in Yorkshire, a sweepstakes of 10 guineas each, five subscribers, 3 mile heats, beating Merry Lad and Arthur. At Edinburgh on Wednesday the 26th, 50 guineas for all ages, beating Eliza Fox and Betsy. On Friday 28th, the ladies subscription purse of 50 guineas, beating Fletcher's Jane. At Montrose in Scotland, August, he walked over the ground for a 501. plate—and also walked over the ground for a subscription of 501. At Kelso, October 16th, for a plate of 50 guineas, he walked over the ground—and also his majesty's 100 guineas given to the Caledonian Hunt for any horse, &c. carrying 12 stone, four mile heats, then six years old, he won against Mr. Wentworth's Tribubush, Piermont's Trommer aged, and Lancaster's Hector aged—and Saturday following a purse of 501. given by the Hunt, free for any horse, &c. beating Farewell and Rolfier. At Carlisle he won 100 guineas of Mr. Stowell, beating his b. f. by Meteor. In 1798, he won at Edinburgh, August, 501. for all ages, beating Maxwell's Arab, and Mr. Maitland's Hippopotamus. At Montrose he won a plate of 50 guineas, for all ages, beating Pufforth and Contractor. See the Racing Calendars for the foregoing years. WILLIAM LIGHTFOOT.
LOST OR STOLEN,
OUT of my pocket book, about the 20th day of January last, in Richmond, or on the road between there and Westham, a B O N D, executed to me by James Terrell of Richmond, for 300 dollars, dated as well as I recollect, the fourth day of January, 1804, payable in 12 months after date. All persons are forewarned from trading for the said bond, and any person that may have found it, will be pleased to give me such information as will enable me to get it again, and he shall be amply rewarded for his trouble, by Wm. HANSFORD. Buckingham, 5th March, 1804.
JOHN WINSTON and STANHOPE ROYSTER.
Take this method of informing their friends and the public in general, that they have just commenced the
Hatting Business,
in the city of Richmond, on the main street, opposite the Bell Tavern, where they intend carrying on the same in all its various branches—they assure the public their commands shall be attended to with punctuality and dispatch, and hope from their assiduity to merit a share of their patronage.
November 5th, 1803. [600m]
To cover, the ensuing season, at my stable in Chesterfield county, near Goode's and Bevil's Bridges, the high-bred, well-known English, Racer
DRUID,
A CHESNUT, elegantly formed, near sixteen hands high, twelve years old—His performances have been equal to any horse in England, as will appear by reference to the Racing Calendars. He will be let to mares at SIX GUINEAS the season, which may be discharged by the punctual payment of Twenty Dollars during the season; Three Guineas the leap, to be paid down; and Ten Guineas insurance, and One Dollar to the Groom in each case—the insurance money demandable, if the property of the mare be changed after the first of August next, at which time the season will expire. Good and extensive pasturage, and the board of boys sent with mares, gratis; but I will not be responsible for escapes or accidents. Mares will be fed on moderate terms, if required, for which the money must be sent. THOMAS BRANCH. February 22d, 1804.
DRUID was bred by Earl Grosvenor, and got by Potocoucoucou, (son of Eclipse;) his dam (the famous Maid of Oaks) by King Herod; his granddam, Rarity, by Matchem; his great granddam, called Snap-Dragon, by Snap; his great, great granddam, by Regulus; his great, great, great granddam, by Bartlett's Children; his great, great, great, great granddam, by Honeywood's Arabian, out of the dam of the two True Blues. DRUID started (for the first time) at New-Market, in the Craven Meeting, 1793, for a Sweepstakes of 500 guineas each, (4 subscribers) and ran a dead heat with the Duke of Bedford's Top Gallant, brother to Sky Scraper, who the same day beat Lord Egremont's Gohanna for another Sweepstakes. In the same Meeting, Druid won a Sweepstakes of 1000 guineas each, (3 subscribers) beating the Duke of Bedford's Hydra.
In 1794, New-Market Craven Meeting, Druid won a Sweepstakes of 500 guineas each, (3 subscribers) D I beating the Duke of Bedford's Top Gallant; and in the same Meeting won the second class of the Oatland Stakes of 50 guineas each, (21 subscribers) beating Kit Carr, Excelsior, Buzzard, Coriander, Gohanna, Herome, Patriot, and several others.
In 1795, he only started once, being used chiefly as a trial horse. In 1796, New-Market first Spring Meeting, he won a Sweepstakes of 200 guineas each, (4 subscribers) beating Mr. Churchill's Poet, and giving him 19lbs. the two middle miles. The day following he won a plate of 501. beating Lord Sackville's Silver, Mr. Wilson's Eliza, and Mr. Lord's Milesperner, the round course, 4 miles. Eliza afterwards won the King's Plate, and a great subscription at York.
ADMIRAL NELSON,
EIGHT years old last spring, a beautiful well formed brown bay horse, imported last fall by William Lightfoot, Esq. and now his property, fifteen hands three inches and a half high, full of strength, health and vigor, and inferior to no horse either for speed or bottom; of fine bone and muscle and unequalled activity; Will stand at my stables this season, in Powhatan county, 20 miles above Richmond, on James river, and will be let to mares at Three Guineas the leap, paid down, and Six the season, with 4s 6d to the groom; but the season may be discharged by the payment of 20 dollars on or before the 1st November. The season will end 1st August. Good and extensive pastures gratis, and servants found while attending their mares. No responsibility for involuntary escapes or accidents. This horse has not run many races but his performances will sufficiently justify the opinion of Lord Grosvenor and his son, who certify that they considered him the best three year old in England, which may be seen under their hands and seals. In October 1798, at New-Market, he won a sweepstakes of 1400 guineas, 12 subscribers at 200 guineas each, half forfeit, colts carrying 8 stone 3lbs. fillies 8 stone, beating Sir Harry, Mr. Cookson's b. c. by Sir Peter, Mr. Perrin's b. c. Young Javelin, Sir Francis Standish's ch. c. Split Pigeon—5 to 4 against Admiral Nelson. 7 to 4 against Sir Harry, 6 to 1 against Split Pigeon, and 10 to 1 against Young Javelin. In 1799 he won a sweepstakes of 1600 guineas, 14 subscribers at 200 guineas each, beating Lord Egremont's b. c. by Preceptor, out of Bob Tail, Mr. Perrin's b. c. Javelin, and Mr. Golding's Boaster—3 to 1 on Admiral Nelson. In 1800, he got so much injured in his practice that he did not come on the turf again until 1803, when he won a purse of £50, 4 mile heats, beating several fine horses—See Sporting Magazine for this year.
PEDIGREE.
ADMIRAL NELSON was bred by Lord Grosvenor, got by John Bull, and foaled in 1795; his dam Olivia, by Justice; her dam Cypher by Squire out of Fribble's dam, by Regulus.—See Supplement to the Stud Book, page 51. JOHN HARRIS, N. B. Notes for the six guineas must be sent with the mares. w3m
A NEAT ASSORTMENT OF
Morocco Pocket Books
As just received and for sale at this office, Price one dollar—bound and lettered.
The beautiful and thorough bred Horse,
DUNGANNON,
Imported by John Tayloe, Esq. of Mount Airy, WILL stand the ensuing season, at my house, in New Kent county, and will cover mares at the moderate price of Four Dollars the leap, and Twelve Dollars the season; which may be discharged by the payment of Eight Dollars, if paid by the 10th of August, at which time the season will expire. Good and extensive pasturage gratis, but I will not be answerable for escapes or other accidents. Mares may be fed at the usual price of grain, and servants boarded, gratis. (w2m) WILLIAM MEAUX. Near Holt's old Forge.
PEDIGREE.
I do hereby certify, that the Bay Colt I sold John Tayloe, Esq. of Mount Airy, was bred by me, and is now three years old; was got by Dungannon; dam by Conductor; granddam (First) by Squire; great granddam (Helen) by Blank; great great granddam by Crab, out of an own filer to Old Partner. P. O'KELLY, (Seal.) Dated Cummins, Middlesex, Sept. 1st, 1797.
PEDIGREE.
I do hereby certify the above to be the pedigree I received from Mr. O'Kelley, of my imported colt Dungannon, sold this day to William Harris and Paul Thilman, for Five Hundred Guineas. I have sold him out of training, intending to have run him here for to-morrow's purfe. JOHN TAYLOE. Tappahannock, May 14, 1799.
The High Bred Imported Horse
SILVER,
NOW in high health and vigour—will stand at my stable in the county of Pittsylvania, about two miles from the courthouse, the ensuing season, commencing the 1st of March next; and will cover mares at TWENTY DOLLARS, payable the 1st of October next, which may be discharged by the payment of Five Pounds, if paid by the 1st day of August next, at which time the season will expire; TEN DOLLARS the single leap, to be paid when the mares are covered, and TEN POUNDS to ensure a colt, to be forfeited if the mare is parted with before it is ascertained whether the be in foal or not. Excellent high and low ground pasturage gratis, and gentlemen may have their mares fed with grain if required at the current price. Servants boarded gratis, and particular attention will be paid to the mares, but I will not be responsible for accidents or escapes. P. O'KELLY. SILVER, in the second October meeting, 1793, carrying 81. beat the Duke of Bedford's Golden Rod, 81. 2lb. one mile, for 50 guineas. In the second spring meeting, 1794, 81. 3lb. he beat W. Taylor's St. George, 81. 7lb. two miles, for 200 guineas. In the second spring meeting, 1794, 81. 5lb. he beat Mr. Howorth's Anthony, 81. half mile, for 100 guineas. In the July meeting, 1794, he won 601. two mile, beating the Duke of Grafton's Groutie, Lord Oxford's Bruiser, Lord Grosvenor's Excelsior, Lord Clermont's Paymaster, and Lord Egremont's Seagull. In the first October meeting, 1794, 81. he received 20 guineas over Lord Egremont's Seagull, 81. 7lb. one and a half miles, for 200 guineas. In the second October meeting, 81. 2lb. he ran a dead heat with Lord Egremont's Seagull, 81. 1lb. one and a half miles. In the second October meeting, 1794, he won a handy cap plate, two miles, beating the Duke of Grafton, Garland, Lord Egremont's Cinnabar, Sir Charles Bunbury's Robin Gray, Mr. Taylor's Helmer, Duke of Queensbury's Bay Fly, by Diomed, and Lord Tichfield's Quelavaca. In the Craven meeting, 1795, 81. he beat Lord Darlington's St. George, 81. 6lb. 4 miles, for 300 gs. In the first spring meeting, 1795, he won the main of the Oatland Stakes, 200 guineas, each two miles, beating Mr. Wilson's Bernington, Mr. Holme's Gabriel, and the Duke of Queensbury's Pecker. In the Houghton meeting, 1795, 81. 4lb. received forfeit from Mr. Bowe's Volunteer colt, 71. one mile, for 100 guineas. I have the General Stud Book and Racing Calendars for '93, '94 and '95, and certificates from a number of respectable Gentlemen, to prove what is above asserted of Silver. WILLIAM TUNSTALL. February 12th, 1804. (navt. J.) N. B. Notes of hand will be expected with the mares put by the season, for Twenty Dollars, dischargeable as above. W. T.
PEDIGREE.
SILVER, in the second October meeting, 1793, carrying 81. beat the Duke of Bedford's Golden Rod, 81. 2lb. one mile, for 50 guineas. In the second spring meeting, 1794, 81. 3lb. he beat W. Taylor's St. George, 81. 7lb. two miles, for 200 guineas. In the second spring meeting, 1794, 81. 5lb. he beat Mr. Howorth's Anthony, 81. half mile, for 100 guineas. In the July meeting, 1794, he won 601. two mile, beating the Duke of Grafton's Groutie, Lord Oxford's Bruiser, Lord Grosvenor's Excelsior, Lord Clermont's Paymaster, and Lord Egremont's Seagull. In the first October meeting, 1794, 81. he received 20 guineas over Lord Egremont's Seagull, 81. 7lb. one and a half miles, for 200 guineas. In the second October meeting, 81. 2lb. he ran a dead heat with Lord Egremont's Seagull, 81. 1lb. one and a half miles. In the second October meeting, 1794, he won a handy cap plate, two miles, beating the Duke of Grafton, Garland, Lord Egremont's Cinnabar, Sir Charles Bunbury's Robin Gray, Mr. Taylor's Helmer, Duke of Queensbury's Bay Fly, by Diomed, and Lord Tichfield's Quelavaca. In the Craven meeting, 1795, 81. he beat Lord Darlington's St. George, 81. 6lb. 4 miles, for 300 gs. In the first spring meeting, 1795, he won the main of the Oatland Stakes, 200 guineas, each two miles, beating Mr. Wilson's Bernington, Mr. Holme's Gabriel, and the Duke of Queensbury's Pecker. In the Houghton meeting, 1795, 81. 4lb. received forfeit from Mr. Bowe's Volunteer colt, 71. one mile, for 100 guineas. I have the General Stud Book and Racing Calendars for '93, '94 and '95, and certificates from a number of respectable Gentlemen, to prove what is above asserted of Silver. WILLIAM TUNSTALL. February 12th, 1804. (navt. J.) N. B. Notes of hand will be expected with the mares put by the season, for Twenty Dollars, dischargeable as above. W. T.
PERFORMANCES.
SILVER, in the second October meeting, 1793, carrying 81. beat the Duke of Bedford's Golden Rod, 81. 2lb. one mile, for 50 guineas. In the second spring meeting, 1794, 81. 3lb. he beat W. Taylor's St. George, 81. 7lb. two miles, for 200 guineas. In the second spring meeting, 1794, 81. 5lb. he beat Mr. Howorth's Anthony, 81. half mile, for 100 guineas. In the July meeting, 1794, he won 601. two mile, beating the Duke of Grafton's Groutie, Lord Oxford's Bruiser, Lord Grosvenor's Excelsior, Lord Clermont's Paymaster, and Lord Egremont's Seagull. In the first October meeting, 1794, 81. he received 20 guineas over Lord Egremont's Seagull, 81. 7lb. one and a half miles, for 200 guineas. In the second October meeting, 81. 2lb. he ran a dead heat with Lord Egremont's Seagull, 81. 1lb. one and a half miles. In the second October meeting, 1794, he won a handy cap plate, two miles, beating the Duke of Grafton, Garland, Lord Egremont's Cinnabar, Sir Charles Bunbury's Robin Gray, Mr. Taylor's Helmer, Duke of Queensbury's Bay Fly, by Diomed, and Lord Tichfield's Quelavaca. In the Craven meeting, 1795, 81. he beat Lord Darlington's St. George, 81. 6lb. 4 miles, for 300 gs. In the first spring meeting, 1795, he won the main of the Oatland Stakes, 200 guineas, each two miles, beating Mr. Wilson's Bernington, Mr. Holme's Gabriel, and the Duke of Queensbury's Pecker. In the Houghton meeting, 1795, 81. 4lb. received forfeit from Mr. Bowe's Volunteer colt, 71. one mile, for 100 guineas. I have the General Stud Book and Racing Calendars for '93, '94 and '95, and certificates from a number of respectable Gentlemen, to prove what is above asserted of Silver. WILLIAM TUNSTALL. February 12th, 1804. (navt. J.) N. B. Notes of hand will be expected with the mares put by the season, for Twenty Dollars, dischargeable as above. W. T.
PEDIGREE.
ADMIRAL NELSON was bred by Lord Grosvenor, got by John Bull, and foaled in 1795; his dam Olivia, by Justice; her dam Cypher by Squire out of Fribble's dam, by Regulus.—See Supplement to the Stud Book, page 51. JOHN HARRIS, N. B. Notes for the six guineas must be sent with the mares. w3m
By virtue of a deed of trust executed to me by William Clement of the county of Amelia, for the purpose of securing a certain debt due from said Wm. Clement to Samuel Ford and Pinkham D. Booker, acting adm'rs of Isham Clement, dec. will be exposed to sale, for ready money, at Chinnquopin church, on Saturday the 31st day of this month, (March.)
A Tract of Land,
Lying in the said county of Amelia, adjoining the lands of Pinkham D. Booker, Allen Burton, Samuel Allen, &c. containing by estimation 200 acres, or as much thereof as will be sufficient to satisfy the debt mentioned in the said deed. JOHN WILY, Trustee. Amelia, March 9, 1804. w3t
Advertisement.
TAKEN up and committed to the jail of Washington county, a runaway negro man, about 5 feet 8 or 9 inches high, supposed to be between 30 and 40 years of age, says his name is JERRY, thin visage—had on when bro't to jail a dark colored coat, blue overalls, and with him a number of clothes, among which is a broad rib'd ditty jacker. He says that he belongs to John Walker a Cherokee Indian, and was sold to the said Walker by a Mr. Teel of Tennessee. He was committed to the jail of this county the 11th day of December last. The owner is requested to come and prove his property, pay charges and take him away. JAMES LONGLEY, Jailor. Washington county, Virginia, Jan. 9th, 1804. w3m
Bartlett Still,
IS OPENING A GENERAL ASSORTMENT OF
FANCY GOODS,
In the house lately occupied by Mr. William Mewburn, next door to Messrs. Ellis & Allan, viz. Chin zes and Calicoes; Lace Clocks and Veils; Fine Laces and Edgings; Lustrings and Satins; Silk Muslins; Italian Grapes; Feathers and Flowers; fashionable Ribbands; Silk and Cotton Trimming; Satin Umbrellas; Gloves and Glove Ties; Mole skin Vest Patterns; Plaid Ware and Jewellery; Fine Guns and Pistols; Gold and Silver Watches and Clocks; warranted Gold and Silver Trimming, new patterns; Gunpowder Tea and Spanish Segars, of a superior quality. N. B. B S offers his services to his friends and the public to transact
Vendue & Commission
BUSINESS.
Those who may please to favor him with their business may depend on good treatment, as great exertions will be made to give satisfaction. PRODUCE and GOODS STORED and delivered on the shortest notice. w6m Richmond, 14th Dec. 1803.
Third Philadelphia Edition of the
FAMILY BIBLE.
JUST PUBLISHED, BY MATTHEW CAREY, No. 118, Market St. (Price to non-subscribers ten dollars.)
A HANDSOME FAMILY BIBLE,
CONTAINING Brown's Concordance, and
Embellished with ten maps and twenty Historical engravings.
Extracted from the minutes of the Philadelphia Baptist Association, held at Cohanzey, Oct. 1803.
This Association recommends to the Churches the edition of the Bible now publishing by Mr. Matthew Carey, Philadelphia, as worthy their patronage.
Mr. M. CAREY having submitted to my inspection a specimen of his standing edition of the Bible, justly to unexamined merit impels me to bear testimony after minute investigation, that in my opinion, for elegance of type, excellence of paper, natural & picturesque engravings, neat execution, and collation of marginal references evincing sound judgment and good taste; it has been rarely equalled, never excelled across the Atlantic—even where establishment has vested the exclusive right, of printing and publishing the sacred text, in its favored individual.
JOHN GLENDY, Minister. 2d Presbyterian Church, Baltimore.
Having examined Mr. Carey's third edition of the Bible in quarto, we find it to be an excellent piece of workmanship. The paper is white and good; the print clear and plain; the marginal references are well selected; the maps are intelligible; the plates are ornamental; the concordance very useful; and the binding neat and elegant.
Finding such an assemblage of good properties contained in such a valuable book as the Bible, we therefore recommend it to the public as a work that merits their attention and patronage; and while it does honor to the publisher, we flatter ourselves that it will essentially benefit the reader.
THOMAS WARE, presiding elder of the Methodist Episcopal Church in New Jersey.
JOSEPH TOLLEN, elder of Burlington circuit.
SAMUEL THOMAS, elder of Elizabeth town circuit.
WILLIAM MILLS, elder of Trenton circuit.
Holders of subscription-papers & subscribers in Virginia are respectfully informed, that their books are ready for delivery at S. Pleasants' Bookstore, Richmond.
At a Court held for Buckingham county, the 9th day of January, 1804.
Robert Smith, vs. James McDowell and Samuel Rogers.
THE defendants not having entered their appearance and given security according to the act of assembly and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that they are not inhabitants of this state; on the motion of the plaintiff by his counsel, It is ordered that the said defendants do appear here on the second Monday in April next, and answer the bill of the plaintiff; and that a copy of this order be forthwith published in one of the public newspapers printed in the city of Richmond, for two months successively, and also posted at the front door of the courthouse of this county. A Copy, Teste, DOLLING BRANCH, s. e.
The marks, numbers,
&c. of a hogshead of Tobacco lodged and stored with Thomas Holton, in the city of Richmond. Hor: No. 143 163 1447 Marked on each head with blacking S. K. The above hogshead of Tobacco has been lying in the subscriber's warehouse upwards of two years.—The owner is requested to apply for it. THOMAS HOLTON. Richmond, Feb. 29, 1804. w4t
Louisa County, February
Court, 1804.
Henry Carter and Fanny his wife late Fanny Clarkson, Joseph Dodd and Lucy his wife late Lucy Clarkson, Thomas Jones and Catherine his wife late Catherine Clarkson, John Clarkson, and James Clarkson, Charles Clark, Francis Hughes and Elizabeth his wife late Elizabeth Clark, Stephen Foster and Nancy Foster by Thomas Gardner their guardian and next friend, Sally Johnson, Benjamin Johnson, Polly Johnson, Charles Medlock, Susanna Medlock by Joseph Sanford her guardian and next friend, William Sanford and Anne his wife late Anne Mell et William Hailey, Charles Hailey, Agatha Hailey, Henry Hailey, George Hailey, Mary Medlock, Agatha Medlock, and George Medlock, heirs of George Medlock deceased. Plaintiffs. Against John Dickinson, Frederick Harris and William Turner, defendants. The defendant Dickinson, not having entered his appearance and given security according to the act of assembly and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that said Dickinson is not an inhabitant of this state: It is ordered and decreed by the court, that the said Dickinson do appear here on the second day of May court next to answer the complaints; and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in some of the Richmond newspapers for eight weeks successively, and published at the front door of this courthouse on some court day. A copy, Teste, JOHN POINDEXTER, c. c.
VIRGINIA:
At a Court continued and held for Halifax county, the 24th day of August, 1803.
Isaac Medley and Nancy his wife, late Nancy Cook, Robert Carter and Unity his wife, late Unity Cook, John Cook, Edmund Cook, Jarratt W. Cook, Elizabeth F. Cook, Richard Claiborne in right of his late wife Sally Cook, Patsey Cook and Rebeckah Cook by Elizabeth Cook their guardian, and Richard Cook by Isaac Medley his guardian, heirs and legal distributees of John Cook, dec. plaintiffs. Against Henry Cook, administrator of John Cook, dec. defendant. The subpoena in this cause having been duly executed, and the defendant failing to answer the plaintiff's bill within the time by law prescribed after the filing of the same: Therefore, on the motion of the plaintiffs by their counsel, the said bill is taken for confessed; and it is decreed and ordered, that the plaintiffs recover against the said defendant the sum of one hundred pounds current money, the value of the land in the bill mentioned, unless the said defendant shall shew cause to the contrary at or before the next quarterly session court to be held for the said county in November next, he being first duly served with a copy of this decree. A Copy, Teste, BERRYMAN GREEN, d. c. h. g.
VIRGINIA:
At a Court continued and held for Halifax county, the first day of December, 1803.
Isaac Medley and Nancy his wife, late Nancy Cook, Robert Carter and Unity his wife, late Unity Cook, John Cook, Edmund Cook, Jarratt W. Cook, Elizabeth F. Cook, Richard Claiborne in right of his late wife Sally Cook, Patsey Cook and Rebeckah Cook by Elizabeth Cook their guardian, and Richard Cook by Isaac Medley his guardian, heirs and legal distributees of John Cook, dec. plaintiffs. Against Henry Cook, administrator of John Cook, dec. defendant. It appearing to the satisfaction of the court, that the defendant is not an inhabitant of this state: On the motion of the plaintiffs by their counsel, It is Ordered, that the decree entered in this cause on the twenty-fourth day of August last, be made final, unless the defendant do appear and shew cause to the contrary at or before May court next; and that a copy of the said decree and this order be forthwith inserted in some one of the newspapers published in the city of Richmond, for eight weeks successively. A Copy, Teste, BERRYMAN GREEN, d. c. d

Twenty-five Dollars Reward. RUN away from the subscriber living in Goochland county, a very likely negro man named SAM, who calls himself SAMUEL COOK, about 34 or 35 years of age, low but stout made, of a yellowish complexion, one of his upper fore teeth out, his dress chiefly of Virginia cloth, with a green Durants short coat he is very sensible, and can read, and write so as to be understood some words. He will endeavor to pass for a freeman, and I expect will procure a pass of his own or from some one else. I expect he will go up or down James river, but I rather think up, about Lynchburg, or some other town on James river. Whoever takes up the said negro and delivers him to me, or secures him in jail so that I get him again, shall receive the above reward, and all reasonable expenses for delivering him to me at home. EDWARD COX. Sept 3d, 1803.
FOR SALE,  A Negro Woman, Of twenty-four years of age, with two children, who is a good washer, semstress and pastry cook. For terms, apply to THOMAS TAYLOR & CO.
Robert Gamble & Son, Are receiving by the ship FAME and other arrivals from Europe, a general assortment of  MERCHANDIZE, Suitable to the season—which they are disposed to sell on moderate terms for cash, country produce, or to punctual customers, on the usual credit. Having a large and convenient WAREHOUSE, calculated to store flour, &c. those who may confide country produce to their care, are assured, that their endeavors will be used to give general satisfaction, and their charge for storage, &c. will be reasonable. Richmond, 17th Oct. 1803.
NOW IN THE PRESS OF T. NICOLSON, And will be ready for delivery in the course of April, May and June next,
MARRIED LADY'S COMPANION, OR  Poor Man's Friend. IN FOUR PARTS. I. An address to the married Lady who is the Mother of Daughters. II. An address to the newly married Lady. III. Some important hints to the Midwife. IV. An essay on the management and common diseases of Children. BY SAMUEL K. JENNINGS. The title and heads of this work are considerably expressive of its nature and design. Each part contains moral reflections adapted to the characters for which they are intended; but they compose in the whole, a medical book of such sort as necessarily interests every family. The plan is conducted with all possible simplicity and plainness, and will be found a very great convenience to the Ladies. It will be printed on a neat plain Type, and good Paper, and it is supposed will contain two hundred and forty pages of a duodecimo size. The price to subscribers, if neatly bound, will be 6s. if in boards 4s. 6d. So soon as the work is finished the subscribers may apply to Mr. Nicolson, and others with whom they may make their subscriptions, who, on receiving payment, will deliver to them their books. A number of copies will be deposited with Mr. Samuel Pleasants and other book sellers; from whom the public may be supplied. The author flatters himself, that his work will be found a very useful one. Having submitted his manuscripts to the inspection of several respectable and judicious men, he is encouraged to venture this publication in favor of himself. He is well aware, that the composition may be calculated for usefulness, and yet for want of being pushed forward into public notice, it may lie dormant on the book-seller's shelf. As his chief design was to be beneficial to his fellow citizens, he is determined to spare no pains which may be necessary to circulate his books; and they will therefore probably be offered for sale at most of the courthouses of the upper counties of the state of Virginia. He thanks the patriotic gentlemen of the two houses of legislature, who gave him friendly encouragement, and calls on those on their influence in their respective counties, as far as the merit of the performance may deserve their aid. SAMUEL K. JENNINGS. February 5, 1804.
Notice. THE partnership of John Moore and Joseph Weir, under the firm of JOSEPH WEIR & CO is this day dissolved—and all persons indebted to said firm are requested to settle and pay their respective accounts to the subscriber in Fincastle, who will settle with them for the same—and all persons having demands against said firm will call on him for payment. JOHN MOORE. Jan. 20th, 1804.
Fifth Requisition. BY order of the Board of Directors of the Manchester Turnpike Company, the stockholders are hereby required to pay the further sum of seven and an half dollars, on each share, into the hands of the Treasurer, on or before the first day of April next. JAMES BRANDER, Clerk. Manchester, 6th Feb. 1804.
A Valuable Lot For Sale WILL BE SOLD, on the premises, on Saturday the 17th instant, at 4 o'clock P. M. one LOT, known by the No. 631, adjoining the lots of William Moseley, Esq.—Terms of sale one half cash, and the residue to be paid in 60 days, with satisfactory security to insure punctuality. Any person disposed to treat for the lot at private sale, will apply to Mr. Spotswood Litzcay, who is authorised to sell the same, & for which an indisputable title will be made. Richmond, March 1, 1804.
Mrs. Trouin, HAS the honor of informing her friends and the public, that she intends to open a SCHOOL of the FRENCH LANGUAGE for young ladies, where they shall be carefully instructed in the following useful and elegant branches of education—Orthography, Reading, Writing and Plain Work, Drawing, Embroidery, Cyphering, Marking, History and Geography. Young ladies from the country boarded on the following terms, 150 dollars, each lady to find her own bedding. Mrs. Trouin respectfully assures those parents who may honor her with their confidence, that her whole and undivided attention shall be devoted to her pupils being solicitous to render their studies equally pleasing and profitable. Apply to Mrs. Trouin, on the Hill, near Mr. Wm. M'Kim's and Mr. Burton's Richmond, March 6th, 1804.
THE HIGH PRICED IMPORTED HORSE. 
ROBIN REDBREAST, WILL stand at my stable in Chesterfield county, to cover mares the next season—The performance of this horse on the turf for the time he ran in England, was equal to any horse imported into this country. In getting him out of the country at City Point, he fell and was much hurt, but is now so well recovered that there can be no doubt of his being in high perfection by the spring. Terms will be made known before the season commences.
THOMAS GOODE. December 21, 1803. ROBIN REDBREAST was got by Sir Peter Teazle, his dam Wren, by Woodpecker, his grand dam Panillon, (Sir Peter's dam) by Snap, his great grand dam Miss Cleveland, by Regulus, his great grand dam Midge, by a son of Bay Bolton, Bartlett's Children, Honeywood's Arabian, dam of the Two True Blues. (Taken from the general stud book.)
A PROPOSAL, BY WILLIAM YOUNG BIRCH & ABRAHAM SHALL, OF THE CITY OF PHILADELPHIA: FOR PUBLISHING BY SUBSCRIPTION, THAT CELEBRATED WORK,  GIBBON'S HISTORY
OF THE  DECLINE AND FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE: Together with MEMOIRS of the LIFE and WRITINGS of the AUTHOR. No book could be offered, which stands in less need of encomium and recommendation—It has been read in almost every European language—The history of the long and interesting period from the reign of Augustus to the taking of Constantinople, and the death of Mahomet the II. is no where else to be found in the shape of regular and well-arranged history—The Publishers presume to hope, that they do a service to their country in giving an Edition of it from the American press—They will briefly speak of their intentions, and the superiority of this edition. 1. It will be the most complete Edition of Gibbon extant.—Because it will be enriched with the Memoirs of his Life and Writings, written by himself.—This will be an addition to the London edition of nearly 200 pages. 2. It will be about one third cheaper than the London Copy. 3. It will be executed in the best style—The Publishers, with confidence, recommend to the public an inspection of the BOOKS, published by them within the last three years.—They are, Russell's Ancient and Modern Europe, 7 Volumes—The Domestic Encyclopedia, 5 Volumes, and Tucker's Blackstone, 5 Volumes.—They promise not to degenerate.
CONDITIONS. 1. It shall be printed from the last London edition, and be published in Eight Octavo Volumes, during the year 1804. 2. It shall be delivered to those Subscribers who take it in Volumes, at Two Dollars per Volume, in boards. Those who wait for the completion of the Work, may have it either at Sixteen Dollars in boards; or in a good and handsome binding, at Twenty Dollars; payable on delivery. It will be enriched with Two whole sheet Maps—One of the Eastern, the other of the Western part of the Roman Empire—A Map of the parts of Europe and Asia adjacent to Constantinople, and an elegantly engraved Head of the Author. Subscriptions received by SAMUEL PLEASANTS, Jr. Richmond.
Notice. ALL persons indebted to the subscriber, by dealing or otherwise, at his store in Buckingham, under the direction of Mr. John Jenkins, are informed that their bonds, notes and accounts are placed for collection in the hands of Edward W. Trent, attorney at Law, who is authorised to receive the same and grant acquittances. WILLIAM BROWN. Manchester, 2d Jan. 1804.
The undersigned will attend the February Buckingham court, for the purpose of receiving the above debts—those, who fail to comply with this notice, can expect no indulgence. EDWARD W. TRENT. E. W. T. has commenced the PRACTICE of LAW in the Courts of Henrico, Chesterfield, Powhatan, Amelia, and Cumberland. Richmond, 2d Jan. 1804.
An Elegant Coach, And HARNESS, complete, for four horses, may be had a great bargain, on application to A. MYERS, near the bridge. Richmond, Feb. 11, 1804.
FOR SALE,  About 450 acres of Land, Lying on the Three Chop'd and the River roads, half a mile from the river at Westham, and six miles from the city of Richmond, three fourths in woods. This land combines the important advantages of a good soil, convenience to the seat of government, a handsome situation for buildings, and very healthy—a good mill seat with permission to erect a mill, an abundance of oak and pine timber, and good spring water. The subscriber would be glad also to treat for two or three BRICK TENEMENTS not far from the capital. These houses are not finished, but they will be completed in the course of the ensuing spring, and one of them is now in sufficient forwardness to show the plan of the buildings. JOHN PENDLETON. City of Richmond, 20th Jan. 1804.
4439 Acres of valuable LAND, In the south of Kentucky, the greater part military will be SOLD for good bonds, or exchanged for property in the state of Virginia—Enquire of the printer. Dec. 26th, 1803.
NOTICE. ALL persons having bonded claims against the estate of the late Gen JAMES A. BRADBY, are requested to bring them forward without delay, to SAML. BUTLER, Ex'ty. Surry County, February 8th, 1804.
TO RENT, A THREE STORY BRICK HOUSE, Near the Market bridge, well situated for a dry or wet goods store, with good accommodation for a family.—For further particulars enquire of the Printer. Richmond, March 2, 1804.
By Authority.  Scheme of a Lottery. TO BUILD AN ACADEMY IN THE CITY OF RICHMOND.
   Dollars.     1 Prize—last drawn ticket, having a blank to its number, 20,000   1 do. 10,000   1 do. 5,000   5 do. of 1,000 make 5,000   6 do. of 500 — 3,000   10 do. of 200 — 2,000   20 do. of 100 — 2,000   100 do. of 50 — 5,000   250 do. of 30 — 7,500   420 do. of 25 — 10,500   1,500 do. of 20 — 30,000   3,000 do. of 15 — 45,000   1 first drawn ticket after 1,000 having a blank to its number, 250   1 do. after 2,000 do. 250   1 do. after 3,000 do. 250   1 do. after 4,000 do. 250   1 do. after 5,000 do. 500   1 do. after 6,000 do. 500   1 do. after 8,000 do. 500   1 do. after 10,000 do. 500   1 do. after 12,000 do. 500   1 do. after 15,000 do. 500   1 do. after 14,000 do. 1,000   5,255 prizes, 150,000   9,675 blanks—not two to a prize.  
15,000 tickets at 10 dollars each, 150,000 N. B. Prizes subject to a deduction of 15 per cent. This lottery has been authorized by the Legislature of Virginia, for the laudable purpose of erecting a seminary of learning in or near the metropolis of this state. With this view, it is contemplated to raise 20,000 dollars, and 2,500 dollars in addition, for defraying the expenses attendant on drawing the lottery. Citizens of the first respectability have been selected as trustees, and they have pledged themselves to use their utmost exertions to carry it into effect. The scheme has the advantage of giving to each adventurer, a chance for some very large prizes, whilst the proportion of prizes to blanks, is so great as to invite the friends of the intended institution to partake in the lottery, with very little risk of their becoming losers. The treasurer of the state is to be appointed to receive the money for the tickets as they are sold, and to pay the amount of the prizes to the fortunate adventurers. It is believed that the above considerations will induce a rapid sale of tickets, and the drawing will commence as soon as a sufficient number shall be sold to authorize it—which it is believed will be on the second Monday in December next. Richmond, January 31, 1804.
* TICKETS to be had of Robert Pollard, Do r . John Brockenbrough, Jr. Wm. Price, (Reg d ) Samuel Pleasants, Jr. and William Prichard.
BURR MILL-STONE MANUFACTORY. THE subscriber takes this mode of returning his thanks to his former patrons, and informing the public in general, that he has (by desire of his friends) re-commenced the MANUFACTURING of BURR MILL-STONES; and having furnished himself with a supply of the best materials, and having had sixteen years experience in the business, in Baltimore, Petersburg and Richmond, hopes to be able to give satisfaction to his employers. The stones he will warrant to be as good as any in the United States. Any orders left with Capt. WILLIAM PENNOCK, Norfolk; Capt. WILLIAM CHAMBERS, Staunton; Mr. WILLIAM HAY, Wythe county, or Mr. ROBERT MOORE, Petersburg, shall be duly attended to, and country produce received in payment, at the customary prices. * TWO APPRENTICES will be taken to the above business, and short time required. WILLIAM DAVIDSON. Richmond, Jan. 10th, 1803.
Valuable Property. The subscriber offers for sale, that valuable unimproved  Lot of Ground, Situate on the main street in the city of Richmond, containing about sixty six feet in front and running one hundred feet back, on the cross street leading to the basin of the canal, & immediately opposite to the corner stores now in the occupancy of Messrs. Pickers, Pollard and Johnston, and that of Mr. Charles Spence. The numerous advantages attending this property needs no comment. its situation being in the centre of business renders it an object for public or private employment, and is perhaps the most eligible in this city for either. Any person desirous of purchasing will be treated with privately on application at any time between this and the first day of May next, and if not sold previous to that day, the same will be offered for sale at public auction, on the fifth day of that month, and the terms thereof made known. JOHN MCENERY. Feb. 15th, 1804.
FOR SALE, PLASTER of PARIS, in stone or ground, for the improvement of land, with directions for the use thereof
REDA & WHITE CLOVER SEED, Lucerne, Timothy, Ryegrass and Sainfoine, Which is warranted to be of the last summer's growth. He has likewise, a general assortment of PEAS, BEANS, CABBAGE, LETTUCE, RADISHES, &c. From London, per the ship Shepherdess, now selling at his Seed Store, Main Street. MINTON COLLINS. Richmond, Feb. 28, 1804.
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD. RUN away from the subscriber on Saturday the 19th of February, 1804, a dark mulatto man called BILLEY, 24 or 25 years of age, 5 feet 6 or 7 inches high, has a thick head of hair, which he combs up, and little inclined to be how legged, is very polite and conversant, and no doubt will attempt to pass as a free man; he is a good water and an excellent hostler, the latter occupation he is very fond of. I have reason to believe he will make for the county of Fauquier, having a brother in that county the property of Mr. Pickers; his dress consisted of a round blue jacket, with blue and drab pantaloons, a pair of boots and a leather hat, and carried off other clothes. I will give the above reward to any person who will deliver him to me in Hanover county near Newcastle, or secure him in jail so that I get him again. All masters of vessels and others are forewarned from carrying him out of the state on their peril. THOMAS BLAKEY. Feb. 21, 1804.
TO RENT—THE TENEMENT, lately occupied by Doctor McLean. Enquire of the printer. February 12, 1804.
WAR DEPARTMENT, Feb 8th, 1804.  Notice is hereby given, That separate proposals will be received at the office of the Secretary for the Department of War, until the eighteenth day of May next ensuing, for the supply of all rations which may be required for the use of the United States, from the 1st day of October, 1804, until the 30th day of September, 1805, both days inclusive, at the following places, viz.
 First. At Niagara, Detroit, Michilimackinac, Chicago, Fort Wayne, the post on the Miami of the Lakes, and at any place or places, where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the state of Ohio, and at any place or places within the Indiana territory north of the 41st degree of north latitude.  Second. At South West Point, Tellico, Knoxville, Nashville, and within the Cherokee nation between Tennessee and Georgia, and on the Tennessee river, and on the road between said river and Nashville, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the states of Tennessee and Kentucky.  Third. At the garrison near Vincennes, on the river Wabash.  Fourth. At Fort Massac, near the mouth of the Ohio, Kaskaskia, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the Indiana territory, south of the 41st degree of North latitude, (Vincennes excepted).  Fifth. At St. Louis, New Madrid, and any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited in Louisiana, north of the settlements on the river Arkansas.  Sixth. At Chickasaw Bluffs, Arkansas Natchez, Fort Adams, Fort Stoddart on the Mobile, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the Mississippi territory, and on the road between Natchez and the Tennessee river, (the post on said river excepted).  Seventh. At New Orleans, and any place or places on the Mississippi river, below Fort Adams, and at Opelousas, Natchitoches, and at any other place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited in Louisiana, not before mentioned, or provided for.  Eighth. At Fort Wilkinson, Cockspur Island, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited, within the state of Georgia, and on the Indian boundary between Georgia and the Creek nation.  Ninth. At Charleston, Rocky Mountain, on the head waters of the Santee, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the states of South and North Carolina.  Tenth. At Norfolk, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the state of Virginia.  Eleventh. At Fort St. Henry, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the state of Maryland and the district of Columbia.  Twelfth. At Fort Mifflin, Pittsburgh, Carlisle, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the states of Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Delaware.  Thirteenth. At Fort Jay, West Point, Albany, Schenectady, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the state of New York, (Niagara excepted).  Fourteenth. At Fort Trumbull, Fort Wolcott, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the states of Connecticut, Rhode Island and Vermont.  Fifteenth. At Fort Independence, (Boston harbour) and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the state of Massachusetts (the district of Maine excepted).  Sixteenth. At Portsmouth, Portland, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the state of New Hampshire and the district of Maine. 
A ration to consist of one pound and one quarter of beef or three quarters of a pound of pork, eighteen ounces of bread or flour, one gill of rum, whisky or brandy, and at the rate of two quarts of salt, four quarts of vinegar, four pounds of soap, and one pound and one half of candles, to every hundred rations. The prices of the several component parts of the rations shall be specified; but the United States reserve the right of making such alterations in the price of the component parts of the ration aforesaid as shall make the price of each part thereof bear a just proportion to the proposed price for the whole ration.
The rations are to be furnished in such quantities, that there shall at all times, during the term of the proposed contract, be sufficient for the consumption of the troops at Michilimackinac, Detroit, Niagara and Chicago for six months in advance, and at each of the other posts on the western waters for at least three months in advance, of good and wholesome provisions, if the same be required. It is also to be permitted to all and every of the Commanders of fortified places or posts to call for at any time when the same can be transported, or at any time in the case of urgency such supplies of like provisions in advance, as in the discretion of the Commandant shall be deemed proper.
It is to be understood that the contractor is to be at the expense and risk of issuing the supplies to the troops, and that all losses sustained by the degradation of an enemy, or by means of the troops of the United States, shall be paid by the United States at the price of the articles captured or destroyed as aforesaid, on the deposition of two or more persons of creditable characters, and the certificate of a commissioned officer stating the circumstances of the loss, and the amount of the articles for which compensation shall be claimed.
The privilege is understood to be reserved to the United States of requiring that none of the supplies which may be furnished under any of the proposed contracts, shall be issued until the supplies which have been or may be furnished under contracts now in force, have been consumed, and that a supply in advance may be always required at any of the fixed posts on the Sea board or Indian frontiers, not exceeding three months.
H. DEARBORN, Secretary of War. (T M 18)
Notice is hereby given, that an application will be made to the Legislature at their next session, to establish an Inspection of Tobacco on the land of William Mayo, near Rocketts. Powhatan, Feb. 20, 1804.
READY MADE PENS For sale at this office.
FOR SALE,  THE ESTATE, CALLED VARINA, Lying on James river, in Henrico county, twelve miles from Richmond, and about the same distance from Petersburg. The quantity of land about 820 acres, of which 500 are of the best quality in the state for wheat, lying in a gentle and uniform slope entirely above floods, completely free from stumps, and all obstructions to the plough, yet continuing in strong heart. The remainder is mostly, rather uncommonly high and firm tide marsh, about one fourth cleared; 10 or 15 acres completely surrounded by a good bank of clay, which has been extended, with the view of reclaiming the whole, as far as about two thirds of the requisite distance. The wood which can be carried almost from the stump on board large vessels upon two spars, for the distance of three fourths of a mile along the skirts of the forest, will pay all the expenses of reclaiming many times over. A part which was formerly reclaimed from the tide, proved dry enough for tobacco, and brought several immense crops of it without showing a possibility of exhaustion. The grass abounds with that tall and one natural strain, the hay of which is thought by numbers preferable to timothy.—A few valuable Negroes raised on the place, viz. three men and a woman, also about a score of cows and oxen of the Amphill and Boynton breed mixed, some other stock, about a score and a half of Spanish ewes very nearly pure Merino's blood, and 100 barrels of corn, will be left on the place. The tenant is bound to furnish seed and sow a full crop of wheat, about 100 acres, in due time. The estate will be shown to visitants, by Mr. Moses Bates and Mr. W. Radford, living upon it. Mr. George Jefferson of Richmond, or Mr. Thomas Eaton Randolph, will make known the terms to applicants, and will either of them conclude a bargain, which the proprietor will ratify. December 30, 1803.
A Number of Lots, Intersected by commodious streets, crossing at right angles, running due North and South, by East and West, agreeably to a plan deposited at Mr. Samuel Pleasants' Office. This land lies upon the margin of James river, and adjacent to that part of Richmond called Rocketts. The advantages of this property will present themselves to any person who will view it. The channel runs very near the bank, & that so high as to be entirely safe from freshes. Valuable warehouses are already erected near this spot, and there can be no doubt that the rapid increase of population and commerce of Richmond will render it desirable, both as a place of residence, and of business. It is known that the canal which has been accomplished at a considerable expense, and must shortly be communicated with tide water, & the improvements for land carriage, afford the means of conveying to this place the productions of an extensive & fertile country heretofore carried to the northern markets for want of these facilities: and if properly managed, must make it the important point of junction between the Eastern and Western people, as well as a depot as a market for produce, coal and foreign merchandise. The legislature have lately incorporated a company for deepening the channel of the river, so as to bring ships of 300 tons burthen to Rocketts. And have also established a bank on extensive principles which must greatly increase commercial enterprise. These important considerations contribute to render the property now offered for sale an object of attention to the Landlord, Merchant and Mechanic. The terms of sale will be one fourth in ready money, the residue on bond and security payable the 1st January next, to carry interest if not paid punctually, and no title made until the bond shall be discharged. Wm. MAYO. Powhatan, Feb 24th, 1804.
LAND, Lying in the said county of Hanover, contiguous to the courthouse, on both sides of Machump creek, containing six acres, with a water grist MILL thereon, by DAVID BULLOCK, Trustee. March 9, 1804.
Family Flour. A CONSTANT supply of FLOUR, of a superior quality, for family use, kept for SALE, by GEORGE WATT. Richmond, 5th March, 1804.
A man who writes a plain hand, is in want of employment. A line addressed to A. B. and left with Mr. Samuel Pleasants, Jr. will be attended to. March 9, 1804.
At a meeting of the Commissioners appointed by the Legislature of this commonwealth, to receive subscriptions in the city of Richmond, under "An act for incorporating the BANK OF VIRGINIA"—present, Edward Carrington, (Chairman) Joseph Gallego, Robert Pollard, George Jefferson, P. N. Nicholas, John Brockenbrough, Thomas Rutherford, Benjamin Hatcher and James F. Leitch. 1st. Resolved, that Books be opened at the Capitol, on the first Monday in May next, to receive subscriptions pursuant to the said act. 2d. Resolved, with the consent of the Treasurer of the state, that the payments be made in the Treasury office, and that the persons so paying, upon exhibiting the Treasurer's receipt, shall be admitted to subscribe their names on the commissioners' books. 3d. Resolved, that Edward Carrington, Joseph Gallego and John Brockenbrough be appointed a committee to notify the foregoing resolutions in two public gazettes of this city, once a week, from the present time till the first Monday in May next. EDWARD CARRINGTON. JOSEPH GALLEGO. JOHN BROCKENBROUGH. 15th March, 1804.
* For the mutual accommodation of the Treasurer and the persons meaning to subscribe, the Treasurer will receive the money at any time previous to the day appointed for opening the Books by the commissioners.
Bail and Delivery Bonds May be had at this Office.