The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1809-05-19 00:00:00

The Enquirer.
VOL. 6.]
RICHMOND, FRIDAY, MAY 19, 1809.
[No. 3.]
PUBLISHED BY THOMAS RITCHIE, OPPOSITE THE GLOBE TAVERN, AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE.
NEW ESTABLISHMENT OF THE BELL-TAVERN.
The exclusive management and superintendence of this House, has devolved upon the Subscriber, who, with Dr. Wm. Hoomes & Wilson Allen, are alone interested in it. No pains or expense has been spared to render this establishment one among the first upon the continent—and nothing, on the part of the subscriber, shall be wanting to support its reputation and deserve public patronage. There are 40 rooms in and attached to the tavern. The largest and most commodious Stable in the City, and every convenience necessary to render the House a good one. It has lately undergone considerable change, and thorough repair. The Subscriber has laid in an assortment of the best Liquors, and hopes, from his experience, to merit and meet with public support.
RICHARD C. WORTHAM.
May 12.
THE SUBSCRIBERS, TAKE LEAVE TO INFORM THEIR FRIENDS AND THE PUBLIC IN GENERAL, THAT THE
EAGLE-TAVERN,
IN the City of Richmond, will hereafter be conducted under the immediate management of GEORGE TURNER, they having formed an engagement for this purpose. They entertain the most sanguine hopes that their unremitting exertions will entitle them to patronage and favor.—Every comfort which necessity may require, or which taste may suggest, will be procured with avidity and pleasure. They are determined, if possible, to render the EAGLE, in every department of their business, agreeable to their guests, and a pleasant abode to the stranger. Their solicitude upon this score has induced them, at considerable expense, to make some important changes in the arrangement of the rooms. They feel a great share of confidence in assuring their friends that they will meet with every convenience and attention that a house of this character is calculated to afford. Their Bed-Rooms are furnished with an entire new set of beds and furniture, with a suit of curtains to each, and the floor covered with carpets. Their stables are large & commodious (which will always be furnished with a full supply of the best provender the country affords) stands within twenty steps of the house, with a pump of excellent water at the door, for the purpose of watering and washing the horses. They take leave further to state, that a COFFEE-ROOM has lately been established in one of the rooms of the Eagle, in which the newspapers from all the principal towns on the continent are to be seen. With these advantages, & these determinations, in which they are resolved never to relax, they can but hope for the most flattering success.
GEORGE TURNER, JAMES S. SMITHERS.
N. B. The printers throughout the U. States who have not sent their papers to Jas. S. Smithers, are requested to insert the above one week, and in future direct to Turner and Smithers.
G. T. & J. S. S. May 9.
Offer for Sale the PROPERTY where I now live. The Improvements are all new, in good order, and very convenient for a family. Persons inclined to purchase will please apply to Mr. Thomas Taylor or myself. If a sale is not made privately before Friday next, it will then be sold at Auction, on the premises, on credits of 4, 8 and 12 months—the purchaser giving a note negotiable at the Bank of Virginia, with an approved endorser, for the first payment, and notes of the same description or a deed of trust on the property for the other instalments, as may be most agreeable to himself.
N. SHEPPARD.
May 15.
ON the same day, will be Sold, at Auction, on the premises, the unimproved Corner LOT, on the hill nearly opposite Mr. Hylton's and back of Samuel Bell's Lot. A credit of six months will be allowed for this, the purchaser giving a Note negotiable at the Bank of Virginia with approved endorser.
N. SHEPPARD, B. SHEPPARD.
May 16.
FOR SALE.—By virtue of a deed of trust, executed by Pleasant Younghusband, in his lifetime, and recorded in the General Court:—Will be sold, on the twenty-second day of next month (May), at the Eagle Tavern, in the city of Richmond, four hundred and ninety-three acres of LAND, in the county of Henrico, being the tract of LAND whereon Francis Lewis, dec'd. resided until his death, which Land was deeded to said Younghusband, by Moses Davis and wife. The deed was executed to the Subscribers to secure to Frederick Harris, the payment of two thousand eight hundred and sixty dollars, with interest from the first of March, 1809.—It is mentioned in the deed, that the sale was to be made for ready money, but the deed is dated on the 23d March, 1808, therefore subject to the act of the last session of Assembly of Virginia, entitled "An Act concerning executions & for other purposes."
DAVID BULLOCK, THOS. NORVELL, Trustees.
April 23.
S. J. JACOBS, are just receiving a handsome assortment of Spring GOODS, amongst which are, 6-4 Cotton Cambrics, 4-4 Do. do. 6-4 Figured Leno, 4-4 Do. do. 1 trunk sup. Plates, 1 do. Curtain Calico, Silk Shambay, Black Lustrings, Plaid do. Florentine Waistcoating, Marabees do. Yellow Nankeens, Blue do. Muslinet, Dimities, Bombazetts, Bandanna Hdkfs. A handsome assortment Tortoise Combs, 1 bale superfine Baftas, 1 do. Mowmouadies, 1 do. Mowmouadies, 1 do. Mowmouadies. An elegant assortment Floor Carpeting. With a number of other articles too numerous to enumerate. All of which will be sold at reduced prices for cash. April 28.
ANNA GOODWIN, will lease or sell immediately, her HOUSE & LOT, in this city, and near the Baptist Meeting-House, on the no. reasonable terms, and will take a young likely Negro Girl, and a good s. & c. creature, in part pay for the same. She has also for sale, a number of articles of household FURNITURE on easy terms to the purchaser. May 19.
FOR LIVERPOOL, The good staunch Brig, ROBERT BARCLAY, CAPTAIN HOWLAND,
is now landing at City Point, and as three fourths of her Cargo is under way, will be despatched immediately. Flour, Cotton or Tobacco will be received at a moderate rate of freight. For terms, apply to, Mr. Thomas Tredway, Manchester, or the Subscriber,
ROBERT POLLOK.
Petersburg, May 12.
FOR LONDON, The good and fast sailing ship, FRANCES & MARY, CAPT. MITCH,
is now ready to load, at City Point, and having two thirds of her Cargo ready to go on board, will be despatched with speed. Has elegant accommodation for passengers, and can accommodate 8 or 10 gentlemen, if immediate application be made. For terms, apply to Mr. Thomas Tredway, Manchester, or,
ROBERT POLLOK.
Petersburg, May 12.
HOUSES & LOTS—FOR SALE.—By virtue of the last will and testament of Robert Means, dec'd., will be sold, to the highest bidder, at public auction, on Tuesday the 23rd Inst. the following LANDS & TENEMENTS, in the city of Richmond—viz:
Some wooden HOUSES and a piece of LAND opposite to Crouch's Tavern, on the street leading up by the governor's.
A HOUSE & LOT upon the Basin.
A moiety of another HOUSE upon the Basin, and the third of the LOT belonging to it.
The TENEMENT where the Testator lived, and a naked LOT of LAND adjoining to it.
Part of a naked LOT of LAND, lying between the dwelling-house of Augustine Davis and the Basin.
The sale will commence at the house where the testator lived, and will be adjourned to the other tenements successively, until the whole are sold. Twelve months credit will be allowed; the purchasers to give bond and approved security together with a deed of trust upon the property, to ensure punctilious payment of the purchase money.
DANIEL CALL, Executor of the last Will and Testament of ROBT. MEANS, Dec'd.
May 12.
PURSUANT to a decree of the chancery District court at Williamsburg, will be offered for sale, at Westmoreland court-house on the 4th Monday in May next, being court day, that very valuable FARM situated on Nomony river, in the county of Westmoreland, the property of John Matthews, late of said county, containing 645 acres. A credit of 12 months will be given, the purchaser executing bond with approved security to the commissioners acting under the aforesaid order and a deed of trust on the land to secure the payment of the purchase money, according to the terms of the decree. April 11.
HATS, SHOES, PORTER, &c.
D. J. PURN, offers for sale, at the same house in which is kept the Paternal Store, second door above the Eagle-Tavern, A COMPLETE ASSORTMENT OF
HATS, Including Gentlemen's black, drab, and patent Silk BEAVERS, CASTORS, PORCUPINE, &c. Chip and Legion Hats. Men's and Boys' Wool do. Servants' Glazed Leather do. Hatters' Trimmings and Materials.
SHOES.
Ladies' Morocco and Kid Slippers and Shoes, Gentlemen's superfine press Shoes and Pumps. Constantly on hand a large stock of bottled Porter, Ale and Cyder, Pilsen-phi Beer, &c. &c. April 18.
PURSUANT to a Deed of Trust, executed to the subscribers, by Samuel Parsons & Sarah his wife, for the benefit of Wm. Cooke and Thomas and Amos Ladd, and other Creditors of the said Samuel Parsons, will be exposed to Sale at Public Auction, on the respective Premises, on Wednesday the 31 of next month the following PROPERTY lying in the City of Richmond, viz. nearly three-fourths of the LOT described in the plan of the said City by No. 436, on the S. W. side of the Basin, and between Thomas Ladd's and the Hay-Market Square, bounded on the North-East by the street running between the Hay-Market Square and the public Warehouse.
All that part of LOT, No. 413, on the N. East side of the Basin, which is bounded by the street running by the Bank and Robert McKim's to Cary street, thence by the last mentioned street to the tenement occupied by Mr. Smith as a bakery, & back to the alley which divides said Lot from R. McKim's.
One Moiety of the Tenement on the Main street, now occupied by David Logan, containing 24 feet front, and extending back to an alley leading to Byrd's War-house, on which are a two story brick store house, lumber house, kitchen, stables, &c.
Also, ten SHARES in the Richmond Turnpike and a COACHES and Horses, together with sundry Household-Furniture, &c. The sale will commence at the Tenement occupied by David Logan for the Moiety thereof, the Turnpike Shares and the Personal Articles; and will thence adjourn in course to the other LOTS mentioned.
Terms of sale will be, cash for the Personal property, the Turnpike shares, and the Moiety of the Tenement in the occupancy of D. Logan; and twelve months credit for the other property, on notes negotiable and payable at the Bank of Virginia, satisfactorily endorsed, and titles to be withheld as further security, until full payment of the respective notes; or, at the option of the purchaser, one fourth to be paid down and the other three-fourths to be secured by deed of trust on the property purchased, and bond of the purchaser. The Lots will be sold as they stand, or be divided as may appear reasonable.
E. CARRINGTON, RICHARD ADAMS, Trustees.
GEO. GREENHOW,
Richmond, April 7. eptds
The above SALE is postponed to Saturday the 27th Inst. when it will certainly commence at 12 o'clock. May 24, 1809.
FOR LEASE OR SALE—on a credit from 1 to 5 years—The SOAP and CANDLE MANUFACTORY, lately erected at Bacon Quarter Branch, in the skirts of the corporation bounds of this city.
The works have been constructed under the superintendence of an complete a workman, in that business, as perhaps ever came from Europe.
The necessary utensils for carrying on the aforesaid extensive scale may be had with the Enquirer. May 19.
GEORGE GREENHOW.
FOR SALE.—One thousand acres LAND lying in the lower end Buckingham county, on both sides of Buffalo creek, and on the road leading from Ca-Ira to New-Canton, within half a mile of navigation, on Willie's river, and about two miles from Ca-Ira. This tract is esteemed remarkably fertile, and has a plantation cleared on it sufficient to work ten or twelve hands to advantage, and a good proportion of rich tobacco Land to clear. The improvements are only sufficient for the accommodation of an overseer and negroes, with a barn, and apple orchard. This estate, from its great fertility, vicinity to market, and situation in a polite and agreeable neighborhood, is well worthy the attention of any gentleman who may wish to remove from the lower country to a more healthy situation.
For terms apply to Mr. Linens Bolling, of the aforesaid county, who is fully authorised, by the subscriber, to treat with any person wishing to purchase.
SUSANNA WILCOX.
Chellow, May 9.
A TUTOR WANTED.—The Trustees of the town of York, are anxious to employ a gentleman of character, & literary acquirements, to conduct a SCHOOL in the said town. The branches of Science to be taught are, reading, writing, English grammar, arithmetic, geography, use of the globes, the Latin and Greek classics. The situation of York is pleasant and healthy: From twenty to forty pupils can be procured. A comfortable house will be furnished the Tutor free of expense. A person who shall produce testimonials of his sobriety, discretion and acquirements, which shall qualify him for the conduct of the school, will meet with encouragement on application to
CORBIN GRIFFIN, TH. GRIFFIN, ROBT. NELSON, Jr. Trustees.
May 2.
LANDING from the Schooner RICHMOND, Isaac Seaman, Master:—
50 Boxes Raisins, 10 Bales Soft Shelled Almonds, 5 Casks Green Coffee, 10 Barrels Freme Pork, and 1 Pipe London Particular Madeira Wine.
LV STORE.
17 Hogsheads Brown Sugar, 25 do. Molasses, 5 Tiers Green Coffee, 75 Boxes Havannah Segars, 3 Bales Welch Planes, Family Flour in barrels and half barrels, Young Hysan, Hysan Skin and Souchoong Tea, 10 Boxes Mould Candles,
FOR SALE BY, GEORGE WATT.
January 17.
EUROPE.
CONTINUATION OF EXTRACTS FROM ENGLISH PRINTS.
LONDON, March 20. The Monitor in announcing the late start of the Breast fleet, and its arrival in Basque Roads, states that "captain Troude had availed himself of the opportunity to fulfil the mission with which the emperor had charged him." This expression fortifies the opinion entertained of the L'Orient squadron being destined for Buenos Ayres, and having the royal family of Spain on board.
Report of last night says, that, there will immediately be a commission for executing the office of commander in chief of the British army.
The Commissioners to be, Gen. Sir David Dundas, President, Lieut. Generals Lord Harrington, Lord Cathcart, John Hope, Sir Arthur Wellesley, Secretaries—Cols. Gordon and Torrens.
MONTE VIDEO, Dec. 2, 1808.
Things are far from being in a settled or pleasant state here. Liniers, the viceroy of the province, and Elio, the governor of this place, have been at variance for some time. The former has apparently been playing a deep game. He is a Frenchman, and has been in the French interest, but it is all over with that party; and it is thought, that he is now aiming at supreme power himself.—Certain it is, that at heart, he is not friendly to Ferdinand 7, and that he would not have proclaimed him, if he had not been compelled by the examples set him at Monte Video. Elio and the Montevideans are staunch patriots, bitter enemies of Bonaparte, and enthusiastic admirers of the English.
Some time since, Liniers sent a person to supercede Elio, but the whole town bade defiance to the Viceroy, and the new governor made a precipitate retreat.—About ten days ago accounts were received that a body of troops, from 2 to 3000 had crossed the river, and passed over to Colonia on their march to this place. The Montevideans would laugh at such a force, as the fortifications are stronger than ever.—It happened, however, that at that time a brig general was in the town, who arrived here several weeks since from Spain in the Flora Frigate. He had since his arrival remained in a private character, while he silently informed himself of the disposition of the governor and inhabitants towards Ferdinand VII; but on the approach of the troops he assembled the junta, and exhibited his credentials from the junta of Seville, investing him with supreme powers. Having declared himself satisfied with all he had seen here, he proceeded to Buenos Ayres. We have not heard of his arrival there, but we know that the troops which were at Colonia have been ordered back to their station. It is supposed by some that Liniers will dispute his authority, that he will plead his own appointment by the king, and say that none but the king can remove him.
The inhabitants of Buenos Ayres do not love the English, and that for several reasons. The people recollect how they took the town, and also how disgracefully they lost it. But what most embitters them against us is the conduct of Whitelocke, who is held here in equal contempt and abhorrence, and who suffered great atrocities to be committed in the neighborhood of the town when he advanced to the attack. You may have heard, that when Whitelocke left the place, some hundreds of the Irish soldiers deserted from the army. They entered into the Spanish service at Monte Video, and are now here, a galling sight for us.
I have to mention a recent occurrence involved in some mystery. About 10 days since an Englishman of the name of ***** arrived here from Rio Janeiro, & was soon after his arrival taken into custody; he still remains a close prisoner. Papers, it is said, were found in his possession, containing a plan for effecting the independence of this country. It is said that he was intimate at Rio Janeiro with a Spaniard of the name of Pinha, an obnoxious character, and that he was arrested in consequence of information despatched by the Princess Regent to Governor Elio.
This province must continue subject to Spain, I believe; nevertheless, I hope we shall, ere long, have a direct trade with it. At present, this is far from being the case. No vessels are allowed to discharge in a regular way; they are obliged to enter the port under some pretext, as that they are in distress; and in order to obtain leave to discharge, are obliged to make use of interest as well as avail themselves of colourable pretences. These are costly expedients as well as great impediments in the way of business. The duties and expenses are enormous, amounting to 33 per cent. on the valuation of the cargo, which is, however, not unfavorable.
Yesterday, we were informed that the junta had resolved to admit no English vessel on any plea but downright distress.
Very severe decrees have been issued against smuggling. Any person detected in it, whether Englishman or Spaniard, will be sent to hard labour.
FROM LONDON PAPERS.
FURTHER, OF ORDERS IN COUNCIL
The London Gazette of March 18, contains an Order in Council, dated the 15th inst. for the further suspension of two acts of the 48th of the King, as to duties on certain articles, the produce of friendly countries, or coming from ports or in ships in amity with Great Britain. As also an order, dated the 16th, for permitting the importation into Great Britain of hides, horns, tallow, goat skins, and other articles in foreign ships, on paying the same duties as if imported in British ships, until three months after the ratification of a definitive treaty of peace.
CONTRACT FOR SHIP TIMBER.
The Navy Board has entered into extensive contracts for ship timber, to be brought from Nova Scotia. It is said that between five and six hundred ships have sailed, or about to proceed to Halifax and Canada, for timber of various descriptions, and of which 250 are on account of government—and that one house has engaged to furnish ten millions of feet of three and four inch plank.
FRENCH NOBILITY.
There is a feature in the policy of Bonaparte which has hitherto been scarcely noticed. We allude to the titles and estates which he has conferred on the Generals in his service; to which we may add those of the chief civil officers of his government.—In a list published, it will appear that not a single French title, not an acre of land in France has been given to any of Bonaparte's officers, either civil or military.
What is the object of this policy? Is it an unreasonable conjecture, that the French ruler, being determined to centre all authority in himself, is fearful of ultimately weakening his own power, if he should establish a landed aristocracy in France? The power and influence attached to his mere title, unconnected with a military command, and unsupported by the consequence that attends the possession of extensive landed property, must remain at all times very inconsiderable. The earlier history of our own country supplies many instances of the success with which the power of territorial barons (as they may be termed) has been opposed to the authority of the crown; and indeed, in all countries where monarchical governments have been established, similar competitions for paramount authority have, for a time and particularly before the introduction of standing armies, disturbed the public tranquility. To prevent an union of military renown with the influence and consequence arising from large possessions in land, seems to have been the aim to which the views and fears of Bonaparte have been directed. A purely titular aristocracy, both military and civil, can never venture to oppose itself to the supreme & arbitrary authority which he has assumed, and which is likely to be effected by nothing short of some great national disaster, of which he himself is the cause. Hence we may find among the titular creations, Italian, Portuguese, German, Ragusan and Dalmatian Dukes.
None of the departments or principal towns in France, appear to have furnished a single title for any Prince, Duke, Marquis, Count or Baron in the empire. Even the Generals who were rewarded for the hardships and sufferings they endured, in the severe campaigns against the Russians in Poland, were remunerated by grants of land in that distant country. Whether or not such a distribution of rewards be wise and politic, time can alone determine. But however high may be the distinction of a foreign dukedom, it surely cannot afford to its possessor a gratification equal to the satisfaction of deriving his title from the country which gave him birth. By future changes which time will infallibly operate in the present distribution of sovereign power on the continent, the towns and states, from which these ducal titles are derived, may all form part of the territorial possessions of other potentates. It is as great a folly to bear the title of duke of any province, which forms a part of another empire, as it would be to revive, for the crown of England, the relinquished claim to the kingdom of France. The absurdity of these foreign titles might be rendered, in the event of the re-conquest of the emperor of Austria's Italian possessions, most strikingly apparent. Should he think proper to create a batch of dukes, and confer on them the landed possessions and Italian titles of some of the French marshals, the Austrian creation would reduce the French dukedoms to mere titular appendages.
It must be apparent to all these marshals, that although they have been raised to the highest dignities, yet the apprehensions and jealousies which poison the mind of their sovereign, who is technically to be denominated the fountain of honor, very greatly diminishes the value of the titles which they have received. Bonaparte gives them distinctions without imparting to them a corresponding degree of civic importance. They are dukes as far as mere titles can make them such; but their real consequence is almost entirely limited to the military rank which they hold in the empire. The selfish designs and ambitious views of Bonaparte appear, therefore, manifest, even in the rewards which he bestows on his generals and officers of state. The instability of the military government has been considered as almost proverbial; if at any time it may be justly viewed in this light, it is, perhaps, when a military tyrant shews the distrust with which he regards the power of his principal officers, even in the rewards which he confers on them. London Paper.
MADRID, January 24.
Circular letter addressed by the King our master to the Archbishops and Bishops of his kingdom.
Don Joseph Napoleon, by the grace of God and the constitutions of the state, King of Spain and the Indies.
"In returning to this capital, our first care, as well as first duty, has been to prostrate ourselves at the feet of that God who disposes of Crowns. We have offered him the homage of our existence for the felicity of the brave nation whom he has entrusted to our care. It is with this end only, in conformity with our dearest thoughts, that we have addressed to him our humble prayers. "What is an individual in the immense population of the earth? What is he in the eye of the Eternal, who alone penetrates the intentions of men, and according to them determines their elevation? who sincerely wishes the welfare of his fellows, serves God; and his omnipotent goodness protects him.
"We desire, that in conformity with these dispositions, you direct the prayers of the faithful, whom Providence has entrusted to you. Let us all ask of God, that he design to let fall upon us his spirit of peace and wisdom: Let us all share every passion, that we may be occupied alone by such sentiments as ought to animate us, and which the general interests of this monarchy inspire: Let the exercise of religion, tranquility and happiness succeed to the discords to which we have been a prey: Let us return thanks to God for the success which he has been pleased to grant to the arms of our august brother and powerful ally the Emperor of the French, who has had no other end in supporting our rights by his power, than to procure to Spain a long peace, founded on her independence. "The French army will evacuate the Spanish provinces as tranquility shall be spread, and as they shall unite around our throne.
"Our will is, that you order each of the Curates of your diocese to sing a solemn Te Deum the first Sunday after the receipt of this letter.
"Given at our palace of Madrid, the 24th of Jan. 1809.
(Signed) I THE KING.
"The Minister Secretary of State of his Majesty MARIANO LOU. IS D'URQUINO "
New-York, May 11.
LATEST FROM LISBON.
By the arrival yesterday afternoon of the brig Vestal from Lisbon, we have received Gazettes and letters to the 27th of March, from which the following translations are made. It does not appear, as was stated a few days since on the authority of capt. Baetjer, from Lisbon, that the French have got possession of Oporto, or are in that neighborhood; or that the merchants of Lisbon were in the least alarmed or making preparations to get off as fast as possible with their effects. Look however below, Boston head.—On the contrary, every thing indicates a strong determination in the Portuguese government to make a bold and obstinate stand against their enemy whenever they present themselves. The command of the army is given to Gen. Beresford. Romana had collected a large army of Spanish patriots at Requejo and cut off the communication of the French between the kingdoms of Leon and Galicia.
Translated for the New York Evening Post, from the Lisbon Gazette of March 21.
GENERAL ORDERS
Of the Marshal Commander in Chief of the Portuguese Army, William Carr Beresford.
His Royal Highness the Prince Regent of Portugal having been pleased to confide to Marshal Beresford the command in chief of his armies, he thinks it his duty, on entering upon that command, to make known to his companions in arms his sentiments upon this occasion.
The Marshal Commander in Chief, while in the station which he held in the army sent by his Britannic Majesty, to aid the admirable and prodigious efforts, which the Portuguese were making to regain their liberty and independence, soundly attacked, had opportunity to study, and become thoroughly acquainted with the disposition and military character of this nation: and although he is persuaded that he has given it an unequivocal proof of the advantageous opinion which he entertains of it, by his acceptance of the said command, he is, nevertheless desirous, and hopes to manifest in a more decisive manner, that the chief command of the Portuguese army could have been entrusted to no other officer, so intimately acquainted with the ability and military talents inherent in the Portuguese, to whom such instruction and uniformity in their direction, are alone wanting to demonstrate, that they are now what they always were, if not the best, at least equal to the bravest and most intrepid soldiers in Europe; and therefore the commander in chief will endeavour with the greatest application and care to give to those qualities that efficacy and energy which they always acquire when assisted by a well regulated discipline.

It is universally acknowledged that the Portuguese are loyal to their sovereign, obedient to the lawful authorities who represent him, and patient sufferers of the privations and inconveniences which armies on most occasions experience: the patriotism, energy and enthusiasm, of which they have just given the most striking proofs; the glory which they acquired in Russia; the recent successes on the northern and north eastern frontiers—attest their resolution, valor and intrepidity, qualities, which render them worthy of their ancestors, and as famous as they.
Therefore, Portuguese, there are none who discover better qualifications to become excellent troops, and convinced of this truth, the marshal commander in chief finds himself with the greatest pleasure identified with the Portuguese nation; he is a Portuguese officer, and to the Portuguese he securely confides his honor and his reputation.
The Marshal Commander in Chief judges it necessary to protest to you, that he will always consider it as one of his most important duties to reward merit, wherever it may appear; and that the only recommendations to his favor, shall be zeal, intelligence, activity, bravery and patriotism; qualities, which shall always find in him a decided and active protection.
The Marshal and Commander in Chief, calls the attention of all his general and subaltern officers to the actual condition, and to the melioration of the army; and being convinced that the best method of introducing into our military corps, discipline, and an exact observance of duty, is the example of the officers, he hopes that they will not fail to impress upon their soldiers, a lesson so important and necessary.
The Marshal commanding awaits with impatience the first opportunity of visiting and inspecting, as well the different corps, which are already in the field, as the rest of the army, and he will avail himself of all occasions to promote the satisfaction, discipline and advantage of the officers and soldiers, with the command of whom he is entrusted.
Head Quarters, Lisbon, 13th March, 1809.
Lisbon, March 21. A letter has been received in this city from the Marquis de Romana, dated at Requejo (a place in Galicia to the northward of, and not far from Braganza,) on the 11th instant, by which it appears, that the French have lost in Galicia, not less than 10,000 men, killed and taken prisoners by the patriots of that kingdom. The said general being posted at that place, cuts off the communication between the kingdom of Leon and that of Galicia. The Portuguese who passed the Minho, on the 10th inst. and entered the town of Guarda, were afterwards at Baiona; from whence they returned towards the interior, and were on the 15th in Amorin, a place near Tuy. It also appears that Vigo is now in possession of the Spaniards, and three English frigates have entered its harbour, which supplied the inhabitants with ammunition.
There have arrived in this port, and are now landing arms and clothing complete for 10,000 men, a very important aid, which the generous British nation sends to the Portuguese. By this and by many other acts of liberality, it may be seen with what earnest desire and zeal the British government is animated to defend the Peninsula, and particularly this kingdom, its intimate and ancient ally; and our enemies may thence learn the impossibility of conquering the three united nations.
LATE FROM PORTUGAL. Boston May 10.
Captain Sawyer, who arrived here yesterday from Lisbon, informs, that when he sailed from that city (April 8th) the French had not arrived there, and the periods of their expected arrival were variously stated, from seven days to two months:—That the French were advancing into Portugal in two columns, under Marshals Lannes and Junot, whose united force was estimated in round numbers at 80,000; that they had taken Oporto, and had advanced several leagues beyond it; but that their progress was slow, owing doubtless to the scarcity of subsistence in the country they were overrunning. That the British troops in Portugal amounted to upwards of 21,000; and the Portuguese army was estimated at 50,000. That the British were repairing the fortifications; but that notwithstanding these, it was not expected a defence of the city would be attempted; and that on the near approach of the French, the British and Portuguese would embark on board the British fleet in the Tagus which consisted of two sail of the line, three or four frigates, and 3000 sail of transports; part of which would proceed to Brazil, the others for England. The intelligence from Spain was extremely vague and limited.
The first indication capt. S. had of the removal of the Embargo, was seeing the ocean again whitened with American canvas.
Captain Jackson, who arrived here yesterday from Martinico, informs of the arrival there of Admiral Duckworth's squadron of six sail of the line, in pursuit of the French fleet; and had sailed for the Saints. This squadron will augment the British blockading force to ten sail of the line; which it is expected must speedily capture or destroy the French squadron; and render abortive another attempt of Napoleon to obtain "ships, commerce and colonies." The French squadron have left the Saints.
The latest letters from England mention the receipt of private information from France, of the discovery of a real or pretended conspiracy against Bonaparte, and that in consequence, 550 persons have been arrested at Paris alone. Several senators, generals, legislators, and prefects were said to be implicated in a plot of removing Napoleon, and of placing the crown of France on the head of its legitimate prince Louis XVIII, as the only means of restoring Europe to its long lost tranquility. No public examinations had taken place, from fear, as was stated, of alarming the army; but the prisoners underwent daily interrogatories in the temple and other revolutionary basiles, before Fouche, and the confidential members of the secret police of the French emperor. Strict search has been made after the duke of Angouleme, the presumptive heir of the French Bourbons, married to the daughter of Louis XVIII, who was supposed to be concealed at Paris. This prince however was safe in England, with his uncle Louis XVIII. Ferdinand VII and his brother, were reported to be confined in the State Prison, the castle of Vincennes, near Paris, where the duke of Enghien was murdered in 1804.
Bonaparte's journey to Germany is stated to have been retarded by these occurrences; and
before he quitted his capital, he deposited his will in the Senate, which the grand officers of state, as well as the members of the Senate, swore, in case of any accident to him, punctually to execute.—Pol. Reg.
Considerable alarm for the fate of Sweden has been excited in England, by the capture of the Island of Aland by the Russians—and a large British squadron has been sent into the Baltic for the express purpose of endeavoring to prevent the Russians from invading Sweden from that Island. Aland is not more than 45 miles from Griselham, in the direct road to Stockholm; Griselham is about 20 leagues from Stockholm through an open road—Six hours, it is said, might land 20,000 Russians within two or three days march of this Swedish Capital.—Balt. Amer.
AMERICA.
QUEBEC, April 20.
PROVINCIAL PARLIAMENT OF LOWER CANADA.
SPEECH
Of his Excellency the Governor in Chief, to both houses of the Legislature, delivered on Thursday last:
"Gentlemen of the Legislative Council, "And Gentlemen of the House of Assembly."
"When I prorogued the last Provincial Parliament, it was under the impressions of a probability, that circumstances might shortly take place under which, I should be desirous of availing myself of Legislative assistance; and I hastened the election of a new House of Assembly, in order that in such an event, no inconvenience might be experienced from the interruption that must otherwise have ensued, on the expiration of the term for which the last house had been chosen.—It was impossible then to foresee that the pending discussion between his majesty's government and that of the United States, in which the interests of this province are so materially involved, should remain so long without being brought to a decided issue.—It might reasonably have been expected indeed, that the more the subject was discussed, the more would the true interest of the Americans become obvious to the people at large of that country, and that, induced by these longere this accommodation honorable and advantageous to both parties might have taken place. I am only enabled to state to you, that such has not been the course that has been pursued. The conduct of the American Government, so far as we are acquainted with it, has carried no indications of a conciliatory disposition. In pity to the sufferings of their own people to whom it was infinitely more injurious than it was to those against whom the measure was directed, they have raised the embargo but they have substituted for it, an act by which after the 20th of May next, all intercourse with Great Britain and France is prohibited.
"A feature of hostility that is even more strongly marked than the Embargo was, and when coupled with the language which was held by the leading people during the discussion it underwent, as well as on every other occasion, in which England was adverted to during the session of Congress, it furnishes no ground on which we should be led to a departure from that vigilance and caution which, in our peculiar situation, have hitherto been thought so necessary. I feel myself warranted in the reliance I place on your ready co-operation in the renewal of those acts which, with a peculiar view to this subject, were past in the last Parliament, and which will otherwise expire with the present session, or in any other measure which may be deemed expedient.
"In these eventful times, no transaction, however distant the scene, or however unconnected we may appear to be with the object, can be indifferent to us. I have no doubt that your hearts glow with a generous sympathy in the glorious cause in which Spain has drawn the sword, even though your interest were not increased in it, by the interference of his Majesty's arms. However various the fortunes of the contending parties may have been, the issue is still in the hands of Providence. Let us trust in his gracious interposition in favor of a gallant people contending against the worst of tyrannies; but should he, for purposes unknown to us, finally doom them to fall, Britain may at least console herself with the reflection of having discharged a duty which cannot but be pleasing in his all benevolent eye; while the extent of the assistance she has afforded them, and the magnanimity with which she has stepped forward to share in their dangers, must carry conviction to the world that she fights not for herself alone. A truth which the Portuguese nation has already experienced. That nation has been delivered from the most intolerable oppression, by the successful victory of Vimeira, and the subsequent evacuation of their country by their merciless enemy. Events, which as they have added to the lustre of his majesty's arms, are subjects of congratulation to us, as they must be of peculiar satisfaction that they occurred in favor of a people so long and faithfully the friends and allies of Britain.
SOUTH AMERICA.
Proclamation of the Governor Don Xavier Elio, made to the troops and inhabitants of Monte Viedo, October 14th, 1808, at the place of parade.
Spaniards of Monte Viedo and the country! Spaniards are the symbol of fidelity. Today we have re-united to celebrate the birth of our beloved king Ferdinand VII. and after imploring the God of Armies for his liberty and happy restoration, we protest, to God who knows our hearts, and to the whole world, that this happy people, represented to day by this respectable junta, this valiant garrison and myself at their head, are united as one family. Our eyes always vigilant; our arms always raised, not against our brethren not for the promotion of intrigue or of personal ambition, but to persecute the enemies of our king Ferdinand, and Spain our mother country, and our exertions shall be the greater as she becomes unfortunate. God, my sons, will protect our righteous cause, and in faith of our true and noble sentiments. Battalions—Present arms.
PHILADELPHIA, May 13.
Assurances have been given by the Secretary of State, that there is no objection to permit British vessels to load in conformity with the second section of the Act of the 9th of January, 1809, on giving bonds conditioned that the vessel shall not proceed to a foreign port, which bonds will become null on the 10th of June, by the effect of the law under the President's Proclamation of the 9th of April.
DOMESTIC.
MR. ADAMS'S CORRESPONDENCE CONTINUED.
To the Printers of the Boston Patriot.
SIRS,
The message mentioned in my last letter was in these words: "Gentlemen of the Senate, The proposition of a fresh negotiation with France, in consequence of advances made by the French government has excited so general an attention and so much conversation, as to have given occasion to many manifestations of the public opinion from which it appears to me, that a new modification of the embassy will give more general satisfaction to the legislature and to the nation, and perhaps better answer the purposes we have in view. It is on this supposition, and with this expectation, that I now nominate Oliver Ellsworth Esq., Chief Justice of the United States, Patrick Henry Esquire, late Governor of Virginia, and William Vans Murray, Esquire, our Minister Resident at the Hague, to be Envoys Extraordinary, and Ministers Plenipotentiary to the French Republic, with full powers to discuss and settle by treaty all controversies between the U. States and France. It is not intended that the two former of these gentlemen shall embark for Europe, until they shall have received from the Executive Directory assurances signified by their Secretary of foreign relations, that they shall be received in character, that they shall enjoy all the prerogatives attached to that character by the law of nations, and that a minister or ministers of equal powers shall be appointed and commissioned to treat with them.
Feb. 25, 1799.
To these nominations the Senate advised and consented, and commissions were prepared. My friend Mr. Henry declined, on account of his age, and Governor Davis, of North Carolina, was appointed in his place. During all this transaction, no motion was made in Senate, to pass a resolution that a mission to France was expedient. With the dispatches from Talleyrand before his eyes, I believe no member of the Senate would have been willing to record his name in favor of such a resolution, among the yeas and nays. The deputation of Senators made no remonstrances to me against the mission or the diplomatic communications on which it was founded, but only against the missionary, Mr. Murray.
I sent an invitation to the heads of departments to assemble in my chamber, to consult upon the instructions to be given to our envoys. They all met me accordingly, & in several long evenings entered into a very serious and deliberate discussion of every article that was to be demanded and insisted on in the proposed treaty. They were all unanimously agreed upon to my entire satisfaction, and reduced to writing. I committed them to the secretary of state, to be reduced into proper form, to have a fair copy made and transmitted to me, for revision, correction or signature, as there might be occasion.
The yellow fever was expected, and we were all obliged to fly for our lives: myself & all my family to Quincy, and the heads of departments, with the public offices, to Trenton.
I had repeatedly endeavored to impress upon the mind of the Secretary of State, the necessity of transmitting to me as soon as possible, his draught of the instructions, that they might be finished and signed, and every thing prepared for the departure of the envoys. I waited with much concern, expecting from day to day, to receive the instructions; but no instructions appeared. At length, instead of them, I received a letter signed by all five of the heads of departments, earnestly entreating me to suspend the mission.
I was astonished at this unexpected, this obstinate and persevering opposition to a measure, that appeared so clearly to me to be so essential to the peace and prosperity of the nation, and the honour of the government at home and abroad. I was not a little surprised at the unanimity of the heads of departments, for two of them had always appeared moderate & candid in relation to this mission. My instantaneous determination was to go to Trenton, meet the gentlemen face to face, to confer with them coolly on the subject, and convince them, or be convinced by them, if I could. On my way I called upon Chief Justice Ellsworth, at his seat in Windsor, and had a conversation of perhaps two hours with him. He was perfectly candid. Whatever should be the determination, he was ready at an hour's warning to comply. If it was thought best to embark immediately, he was ready. If it was judged more expedient to postpone it for a little time, though that might subject him to a winter voyage, that danger had no weight with him. If it was concluded to defer it till the spring, he was willing to wait. In this disposition I took leave of him. He gave me no intimation that he had any thought of a journey to Trenton. I lodged at Hartford, and there I caught something very like it, or at least almost as bad, a most violent cold, attended with a constant fever, which rendered me for six weeks more fit for a chamber and a bed of sickness, than for uncomfortable journeys, or much labor of the head or hands. However, I would not consent to be retarded on my journey, and reached Trenton, where Mr. Hamilton had arrived a few hours before me. Governor Davis had been there some time. All as I was, I sent for the heads of departments. Four of them were there. The attorney general was gone to Virginia. Many days were employed in conferences with them, sometimes at my own apartments, and sometimes at their offices.
The inhabitants of Trenton had been wrought up to a pitch of political enthusiasm that surprised me. The universal opinion appeared to be, that the first arrivals from Europe would bring the glorious news, that Louis the Eighteenth was restored to the throne of France, and reigning triumphantly at Versailles. Suwarrows, at the head of his victorious Russian army, was to have marched from Italy to Paris, on one side, and Prince Charles, at the head of an Austrian army, was to have marched from Germany to Paris on the other, and detachments from both armies were to march down to Havre, to receive the king, who was to be brought over by a British fleet and escorted with flying colours to Versailles. I could scarcely believe my own senses, when I heard such reveries. Yet the heads of departments appeared to believe them, and urged them as decisive arguments for suspending the embarkation of our envoys till the spring. In vain did I urge the immense distances the two Imperial armies had to march,
the great number of towns and cities in the route of both armies chosen with great skill, fortified with exquisite art, defended by vast trains of heavy ordnance, garrisoned by numerous troops of soldiers perfectly disciplined and animated with all the enthusiasm and ardor of the revolutionary spirit. In vain did I allude the military maxim, which would certainly govern both Prince Charles and Suwarrows, that is, never to leave a fortified city in the rear of your army, in possession of your enemy. That the siege of one town would consume the whole season. That neither the Russians nor Austrians were probably provided with the mortars and heavy cannon necessary for sieges. Nothing would do—Louis XVIII. must be upon the throne of France—Well, suppose he is, what harm will there be in embarking our envoys? They will congratulate his majesty, and if his majesty cannot receive them under their credentials to the French Republic, he will be glad to see them in his kingdom, and assure them of his royal protection till they can write home for fresh commissions, and such shall be ready for them at a minute's warning. In vain did I urge the entire change of property in France and the necessity the present possessors were under to defend themselves at every sacrifice and every risque. Mr. Ellsworth had arrived in two or three days after me. I invited him and Governor Davis to dine with me alone, that we might converse with entire freedom. At table, Mr. Ellsworth expressed an opinion somewhat similar to that of the heads of departments and the public opinion of Trenton. It is possible, Chief Justice, said I, that you can seriously believe that the Bourbons are or will be soon restored to the throne of France? Why, said Mr. Ellsworth, smiling, it looks a good deal so. I should not be afraid to stake my life upon it, that they will not be restored in seven years, if they ever are, was my reply. And then I entered into a long detail of my reasons for this opinion. They would be tedious to enumerate here, and time has superceded the necessity of them.
The result of the conversation was, that Mr. Davis was decidedly for embarking immediately, as he always had been from his first arrival, and Mr. Ellsworth declared himself satisfied and willing to embark as soon as I pleased.
Mr. Hamilton, who had been some time in town and had visited me several times, came at last to remonstrate against the mission to France. I received him with great civility, as I always had done from my first knowledge of him. I was fortunately in a very happy temper and very good humor. He went over the whole ground of the victories of Suwarrows and Prince Charles, and the inflexible determination of the two Imperial courts, in concert with Great Britain, to restore the House of Bourbon to their kingdom. That there was no doubt the enterprise was already accomplished, or at least it would be, before the end of the campaign. That Mr. Pitt was determined to restore the Bourbons. That the confidence of the nation in Mr. Pitt was unbounded. That the nation was never so united, and determined to support Mr. Pitt and his resolution to restore the monarchy of France. His eloquence and vehemence wrought the little man up to a degree of heat and effervescence, like that which General Knox used to describe of his conduct in the battle of Monmouth, and which General Lee used to call his paroxysms of bravery, but which he said would never be of any service to his country. I answered him in general, as I had answered the heads of departments and Judge Ellis worth—but to no purpose. He repeated over and over again the unalterable resolution of Mr. Pitt and the two Imperial courts, the invincible heroism of Suwarrows and Prince Charles, and the unbounded confidence of the British empire in Mr. Pitt, with such agitation and violent action, that I really pitied him, instead of being displeased. I only added, that I differed with him in opinion on every point, and that instead of restoring the Bourbons, it would not be long before England would make peace. I treated him throughout with great mildness and civility; but after he took leave, I could not help reflecting, in my own mind, on the total ignorance he had betrayed of every thing in Europe, in France, England & elsewhere. Instead of that unbounded confidence in Mr. Pitt, I knew that the nation had been long working up, almost to a rigness for rebellion, against Mr. Pitt, for continuing the war. Accordingly it was not long before Mr. Pitt was obliged to resign; peace at Amiens was made and Napoleon acknowledged. Mr. Hamilton, in his most famous pamphlet, has hinted at this conversation, and squinted at my simplicity for expecting peace.
Upon the whole, I directed the instructions to be prepared, the heads of departments were assembled and the instructions deliberately considered, paragraph by paragraph, and unanimously approved by me and by them. Indeed there had never been any difference of opinion among us on any article of the instructions.
The instructions were presented to the envoys, and they requested to embark in the United States' frigate as soon as possible. For some cause or other in the state of the ship, they landed in Spain, and went by land from Coruna to Paris, on the same route which Mr. Dana and I had travelled twenty years before, that is, in 1780. Before their arrival, a revolution had occurred, and the Consular government succeeded the Directory.
Had Mr. Murray's nomination been approved, he would probably have finished the business long before, and obtained compensation for all spoliations.
JOHN ADAMS. Quincy, May 2, 1809.
NEW YORK, May 12.
On the subject of the recent election in this state, the Albany Register of Tuesday (received by the Steam boat) observes, "the Republican Senatorial Tickets have succeeded in the Middle and Southern Districts, by handsome majorities. The Middle District has exceeded the expectations of the Republicans. Independent of the change in Ulster county, Orange and Rockland, we learn, have given larger majorities than ever for the Republican ticket. The federalists still claim the Western district. We think the result, however, in the district, very doubtful. Ontario, it is said is federal—and we have reason to believe it so. This will give the federalists a majority in the house of Assembly."
The Albany Balance of the same date says, "We have no additional returns on which we can rely, excepting from 2 districts, which is federal. A federal majority in the Assembly is certain."
The arrival of the Steam boat from Albany, enables us to state, that
for Members of Assembly and Senators of this state had been received at the Office of the Secretary of State on Wednesday morning. From a gentleman who was in the Office when the returns from the most distant counties came in, we have the following result.
The Members of the Legislature, as returned at the Secretary's Office on Wednesday morning stood thus:
Table with 2 columns: Party (Federal, Republican, Federal Majority) and Seats (63, 49, 14).
Federal Senators elected; three in the Western District, and two in the Eastern; which, with the two federalists from the latter district whose times have not expired, gives us seven in the Senate.—Lang's Royal Gazette.
Yesterday morning Captain Rogers, of the Smack Grey Hound, arrived here in the remarkable short passage of 60 hours from Kennebec river, with two thousand weight of fresh SALMON, which were caught the day of his departure. They are as fine as any ever brought to this market, and to keep them good, are laid down on ice, so as not to touch each other. We understand about one thousand weight of them were yesterday sent to Philadelphia, by way of Long Branch.
INDIAN WAR.
VINCENNES, (Indiana Ter.) April 15. Governor Harrison received, on Monday last, a special express from Governor Lewis, by which he is informed, that an association has been entered into by a band of the Winnebagoes and Puanis, now living on the Illinois river with others of the same nation, residing in Louisiana, and by the Iowes, and some other of the Mississippi tribes, for the purpose of attacking fort Belle View (a fort lately erected by the U. States on the Mississippi in the neighborhood of the De Moin) and waging war on the frontiers of Illinois and Louisiana.
A party of the above association had made their appearance in the settlement of Goshen, in the county of St. Clair, a few days before the express set out, all armed with new muskets and had taken off in their retreat fifteen horses. They were pursued by Captain Whitesides, aided with 20 men, and whilst Governor Lewis was writing his dispatch, information was received that Whitesides, and his party had been cut off; the report, however, was not credited by the governor.
It gives us pleasure to say that we are authorised by Governor Harrison explicitly to state, that he has every reason to believe that the tribes of the Wabash, continue firm and unshaken in their attachment to the United States.
Extract of a letter from General William Clark to his friend in Louisville, dated St. Louis, April 4th, 1809.
I send this letter by an express we are about to send to Governor Harrison, to inform him of the situation of the Indians on the Indian side of the Mississippi. Those people have threatened to attack the fort up the Mississippi, above the Moin river, and from their conduct we are induced to believe they are not well disposed in that quarter. Major Christy will march on the 15th inst. with three companies of militia to reinforce that post. Captain House of the artillery, and lieutenant Pyrot's detachment of the artillery, and troops, will set out from Belle Fontaine in a few days, and 5 or 600 men are held in requisition to act, if necessary. I do not think that the Indians will make any attempt, after they find we are apprised of their intentions.
ST. LOUIS, (U. L.) April 12. GENERAL ORDERS
Head Quarters, St. Louis April 6, 1809. The Commander in Chief, directs all the volunteer companies of cavalry, riflemen and infantry, within the territory of Louisiana, to hold themselves in readiness to march at a moment's warning. These together with the corps which are already held in a state of requisition under the general orders of the 28th of November last, will form a body of reserve to act as their contingency to the point of attack, or other circumstances may render their services necessary for the defence of the territory.
The commander in chief informs the militia of the districts of Cape Girardeau, St. Genevieve, St. Louis and St. Charles, that if they will each within their respective districts, form a volunteer company of infantry to act as circumstances may require for the defence of the frontiers of this territory, and to co-operate in the defence of the adjacent frontier of the territory of Indiana, he will immediately furnish them with muskets and bayonets at the public expence, and will appoint such officers to command each company as shall be recommended to him for that purpose by a majority of the individuals composing them respectively.
Major William Christy is appointed to command the "Louisiana Spies" and is to be obeyed and respected accordingly.
Major Christy, under the directions and instructions of brigadier general Clark, will muster and inspect the Spies, and make a regular return of the same to the Brigadier.
The commander in chief directs, that the inhabitants of the frontier of the district of St. Charles, extending from the Mississippi to the Missouri, do immediately erect such stockade works, defended by block houses, as may by the field officers of that district be deemed necessary to defend and secure the inhabitants of the same, and as far as circumstances will permit, against the threatened invasion of the savages; Col. Timothy Kibby, Majors Daniel M. Boone, and James Morrison, or any two of them, are hereby constituted a Board of Vigilance, with powers to determine on the necessary number of, and sites for the fortifications; they are further empowered to call upon the captains of the several companies in the interior of the district to furnish their respective quotas of such number of men and implements, as they may deem necessary to assist the more exposed inhabitants in erecting those fortifications. All persons who, from their exposed situations on the frontier, would in the opinion of the Board of Vigilance seek protection for themselves and families in these fortifications, are required, without exception, under the direction of the board, to contribute their due proportions of labor in erecting the same.
MERIWETHER LEWIS
GENERAL ORDERS. Head quarters, St. Louis. April 10, 1809.
In consequence of the extreme reluctance on the part of the young men of Louisiana, to engage in the service proposed by the order of the 3d inst. the commander in chief, for

the protection of the frontier, finds himself under the necessity of ordering, that the militia of the districts of St. Louis and St. Charles, who were directed by the general order of the 28th of November last to be organized, armed and equipped within those districts, as their proportions of the requisition made by the secretary of war on the territory of Louisiana, as her quota of one hundred thousand militia, do, and the same are hereby directed to repair to their respective rendezvous; those of the district of St. Louis, will rendezvous at the town of St. Louis, on the 19th inst. and those of the district of St. Charles, at the town of St. Charles, on the 20th, armed and equipped, as is directed by the order of the 28th of November last.
Cols. Chouteau and Kibby will cause this order to be punctually & promptly executed, within their respective districts. The lieut. cols. or commanding officers of the militia, within their several districts of this territory, will without loss of time, take such measures as they may deem expedient, to cause each company of militia in their respective districts to be divided into six classes. When the companies shall have been thus formed into classes, the several captains, or commanding officers thereof, shall cause a list of the same to be made out, expressing the name and class of each individual, and shall forthwith transmit the same to the major commanding them, by whom they will be forwarded to the lieut. colonels of the districts, who are required to cause the same to be deposited in the offices of regimental adjutants.
The volunteer companies are exempt from the foregoing regulations. The first and second classes of each company, will hold themselves in readiness to march at a moment's warning.
MERIWETHER LEWIS.
BOSTON, May 8. We understand four vessels arrived at Bristol, R. I. the last week, from the Havana, full of French passengers, the unfortunate sufferers by the late disturbances at that place.
The Samuel Gardner, arrived at Nantucket, on Friday last, in 3 months and 14 days passage from Lima, with a cargo of 1700 bbls. per. oil. The first officer of the Scorpion, of London, capt. Bunker, formerly of Nantucket, came passenger. He informs, that capt. Bunker was massacred in October last, and his ship taken by the Spaniards, in a place called Piteh and Anchor, on the coast of Chili. He also says, that the ship Topaz, Folgier, was at Valparaiso on the 28th Nov. last, with a few skins; and the Leo, at do. on the 18th nearly full of Oil—he further adds, the Spaniards were fitting out vessels at Lima, and on the whole Spanish coast, to cruise against vessels in contraband trade.
RHODE ISLAND.—The Newport paper of the 6th inst. states, on Wednesday preceding the votes were counted for Governor, Lieutenant-Governor, &c. Governor Fenner re-elected, and Simeon Martin Lieutenant-Governor. Federal majority in the legislature about thirty.—Legislature meets on Monday 26th June next.—Balt. Fed. Gaz.
The British merchant ship Duke of Kent, lately fell in with the Spitfire privateer, at Antigua, off Guadaloupe—it being night, the two vessels engaged through a mistake, in which the chief mate of the D. of K. was killed, and one boy wounded; and 14 killed on board the Spitfire. The mistake was not discovered until the privateer carried the D. of K. by boarding.
CHARLESTON, May 4. The United States' brig Hornet, 18 days from Balize, anchored in the roads yesterday noon. After leaving Havana, the Hornet proceeded to Pensacola, where she remained two days; thence she went to the mouth of the Mississippi, landed General Wilkinson and Smit, and sailed the next day.
A letter from a merchant in Kingston, Jam. dated April 14th, received by a commercial house in New-York, says—Since American vessels have been allowed to clear out from the States to Spain, Portugal, & their dependencies, this market begins to be glutted with flour by vessels from Cuba, and those blown off the coast. A meeting of the inhabitants, was called on the 21st ult. and sundry resolutions as to the expediency of petitioning government to exclude American vessels in the event of the Embargo being removed, were sent to the Mayor—but no person attending to move or second the resolutions, they fell to the ground. Instead of recommending the measure of exclusion the legislature, that is to meet the 25th inst. will let all American produce imported in American bottoms, impose duties which will produce a considerable revenue. Lumber continues in demand, and white oak staves with heading for rum puncheons pay extremely well. Pickled fish is scarce, and meets with a ready sale. Irish provisions are in great plenty. Superfine flour 18 dollars per barrel.
THE subscriber, residing at Surry Court House, will practice the LAW in the Inferior and Superior Courts of the following counties, viz. Surry, Isle of Wight, Southampton, & James City. He will also attend the High Court of Chancery, for the Williamsburg district. He promises punctuality and attention to business.
BARTHOLOMEW D. HENLEY. May 16.
NEW GOODS.—JOHN KING, has just received an additional supply of Spring and Summer GOODS. Selected from the late im-ortations, and which are now opening for sale, at his Cheap Cash Store. May 19.
JOHN LE TELLER, DENTIST—informing the inhabitants of Richmond and its vicinity, that he intends leaving town on Monday next, for some time, perhaps six or seven weeks.—Those persons who stand in need of his assistance, all receive notice of his return, in this paper; at which time his residence will be continued next door to Edmund Randolph's, adjoining the Capitol Square. May 19.
COMMITTED to the Jail of King William county, a Negro Man named TOM, a runaway, who says he belongs to a Mr. Christie, living in the state of Tennessee, and escaped from the said Christie in Bedford county, in the state of Virginia, some time in the month of August last, and says he was sold to the said Christie by Mr. Bradley of Pittsylvania. The said fellow about five feet eight or nine inches high, and of a yellow complexion; the owner is desired to come forward, prove his property, pay charges and take him away. H. LITTLEPAGE, D. Sheriff. April 19.
Wm. GREGORY, Sheriff. April 19.
THE ENQUIRER.
RICHMOND, MAY 19, 1809.
TO THE PEOPLE OF VIRGINIA.
NO. V.
FELLOW-CITIZENS,
I am aware that the number of those who will attend me throughout my vindication, will probably be small compared to the mass of the community. Indolence, credulity, indifference, and the love of detraction cover a wide region in the world of man. In the opinion of such, I know that I must be content to suffer, until time and future events shall place this subject in its true light. But there is a class of men in whose estimation I cannot consent to suffer for a moment: that class which comprehends the feeling, the virtuous and the intelligent. With such men the quickness of their sensibility will not suffer them to look with indifference on a case like mine; the conscious virtue of their own hearts will save them from the meanness of previous suspicion and distrust; while their minds, raised above those mists of vulgar prejudice which discolour and distort whatever is seen through them, will look at the evidence as it should be looked at, and see every fact in its true colors, and in its proper attitude. With such I have no fear that my vindication will be so complete as to leave not one shade of doubt to my disadvantage remaining on their minds.
I shall answer the charges against me in the order in which they appear in the report of the committee. The first of them is couched in the following terms.
"With respect to the conduct of the officers as more immediately connected with the operations of making arms, your committee beg leave to state, that although considerable exertions have been made by the Superintendent to select good iron, yet the mode pursued of depending on sale iron is not always calculated to obtain that which is best. In a matter in which the public interest is so deeply concerned, which exhausts a considerable portion of the annual revenue, and in which the security of the people is so much involved, more than common assiduity ought to be manifested, and your committee are of opinion, that if proper means were used, standing contracts for the best warranted iron might be had upon terms, perhaps not as cheap as ordinary iron, yet infinitely more advantageous to the public, and this your committee would deem the proper course to be pursued, though it has hitherto been neglected by the Superintendent, to whom offers appear to have been made to that effect."
To ascertain whether I deserve this censure, it must be remembered that when the contract for the Virginia manufactory of arms was made, the manufactory at Springfield as I have before stated, was selected as the model to which ours should conform. This fact appears by a letter from Col. James Monroe, formerly quoted in part by me; & since given in full to the public from another quarter. When this letter was before the Legislature last winter a member from Pittsylvania County, objected that Col. Monroe could not have known the fact which he affirms; the contract for the manufactory having been made in the latter end of August 1799; and Col. Monroe not having been elected the governor until the December following. It is but justice to this gentleman to remark that coming in only three months after the date of the extract, he had of course an opportunity of seeing the first operations under that contract, and understanding its exposition practically. The objection indicates a mind rather prone to carp at little and trivial exceptions than to search for truth with manly candor and good faith.
When I went on to the northward, as before stated, under the orders of the executive, for the purpose of examining and reporting upon institutions in that quarter, similar to that which was projected in Virginia, I had an opportunity of learning that at the celebrated factory of Springfield, the gun-barrel was forged from the iron bar; and that the iron was procured at Philadelphia, through the agency of Mr. McHenry, then secretary of war. Some claimant has been raised in this state, against the process of forging the barrel from the bar, and it has been touted as an innovation of mine, proceeding from want of judgment and experience. On the contrary, it was in proof before the armory committee, by several witnesses, some of whom were introduced against me, that at the most distinguished institutions on the continent, the uniform practice was to forge the barrels from the bar. By George Charter, Levi Peck, and Joel Horton it was proven that such was the practice in Springfield; by John Purse, and another whose name is not remembered, it was in proof that such was the practice in the next most distinguished establishment of the U. States, that at Harpers Ferry; and it was proven by Sewell Osgood, that the practice was the same at Walpole in the state of Massachusetts. It having been the practice however, in Springfield, was enough to leave me no alternative: for what would have been thought, and said, too, if after having been instructed by the executive to conform to the Springfield model, I had, of my own accord, departed from it in this important instance? The same consideration determined me to procure the iron for our arms from the same quarter at which the approved materials of the Springfield manufactory had been procured.
I was personally acquainted with Gen. Shee of Philadelphia, who had been for some time the agent of the Virginia executive, in attending to the proof and inspection of arms formerly made there, and who, from his acquaintance with the artists in that city, engaged in the fabrication of arms, and of course the best judges of the quality of iron, had every opportunity of serving us, in this particular to the best advantage. Accordingly, on the 7th September, 1802, when our manufactory was ready to commence its operations, I wrote to that gentleman a letter, of which the following is an extract in relation to this subject:
DEAR SIR,
It being difficult to procure bar-iron of a quality and size proper for the making of gun-barrels, I have to request you, if convenient, to procure and send us five tons for that purpose; for such work, the iron should be of the best and most malleable quality, the bars about three inches wide, and from half an inch, to three fourths of an inch thick. Should you find it convenient to procure the iron, the gunsmiths at Philadelphia may probably inform you where iron of the most suitable quality and size for making musket barrels may be had. It is expected that iron of the best quality will require a higher price than common iron.
I am with sincere respect and Esteem, Your most obdt. servant. JOHN CLARKE.
(A Copy) Gen. John Shee, Philadelphia.
In reply to this, I received a letter from that gentleman bearing date on the fourteenth September, 1802, from which the following extract is his reply, touching my proposal of procuring the iron. "Below you have, of a certainty, the amount of this article (gun-stocks) and what probably will be that of the iron which I shall
procure from a man recommended by Mr. Haslett as one who furnishes the best for gun-locks." Mr. Haslett is an experienced gun-smith in Philadelphia, by whom a parcel of arms have been made for this commonwealth. Being desirous, however, of comparing the quality of other iron with that purchased at Philadelphia, and being authorized by the executive to that effect, various experiments were made of iron purchased elsewhere; it was more particularly desirable that the manufactory should, if possible, be supplied by the forges of our own state, taking care, to place the contracts therefor, on such a footing that the state should be perfectly safe. With that view, I addressed a letter to Col. Calhoun, the owner of an iron factory in the county of Campbell, of which the following is a copy.
Letter to Col. James Calhoun. RICHMOND, Feb. 21st, 1804.
SIR, I have been informed by Creed Taylor, Esq. of Cumberland, that you were willing to furnish a parcel of iron for the Virginia Manufactory of Arms at this place. Having the superintendence of those works, I have to request that you will please to inform me as early as convenient, the quantity of malleable bar-iron of the best quality, you would engage to deliver at said Manufactory on Arms, in the course of the present year, and the lowest price per ton; to be paid for of the delivery of each parcel. You will also please to state the periods for delivery, and the proportion you will deliver at each period. It may not be improper to mention, that the prices at which we have generally purchased bar-iron for the Manufactory of arms were from about one hundred dollars to an hundred and ten dollars per ton. If you think it probable that you will engage to furnish a large supply, it will be proper for us to be furnished with a sample of the iron proposed to be furnished, with a view to our making a trial of its quality previous to forming a contract for it. We shall probably require from thirty to forty tons in the present year. The bar-iron which we have hitherto used in the fabrication of arms, was chiefly of European manufacture—a small portion was made in Philadelphia, but if it can be procured at as cheap a rate and of as good quality of our fellow citizens who manufacture it within our own state, a preference is certainly due to them.
I am, sir, Respectfully, Your most obedient servant. JOHN CLARKE.
Col. James Calhoun, Campbell, to the care of Mr. James Calhoun, jr. Franklin Ct. House.
No answer to this letter was received: I have heard that the terms were such as Col. Calhoun disapproved. I addressed a similar letter to William Wilson the owner of another Virginian forge; to which, also, I had no answer. On the 28th of February, 1804, I wrote to Colonel John Beale, of Botetourt, the following letter.
Extract of my letter to Col. John Beale, bearing date February 28th, 1804.
"I was informed by your brother a few days ago, that you would probably engage to furnish a parcel of iron for the Virginia manufactory of arms. I have therefore to request you to inform me, as speedily as convenient, the quantity of malleable bar-iron of the best quality you would engage to deliver at said manufactory of arms in the course of the present year, and the lowest price per ton to be paid for on delivery of each parcel: You will also please to state the periods of delivery, and the proportion you will deliver at each period. The prices at which we have generally purchased bar-iron for the manufactory of arms, were from about an hundred, to an hundred and ten dollars per ton. If you think it probable that you will engage for a large supply, it will, I conceive, be proper, that we be furnished with a sample of the iron meant to be delivered, with a view to our making a trial of its quality; we shall probably require from thirty to forty tons in the present year, and a larger quantity, I presume, in each succeeding year; as we shall, it is expected, employ a full complement of artificers for our works. The bar-iron which we have hitherto used for making arms, was chiefly of European manufacture—Small portions were made in Pennsylvania and in Maryland. As Virginia affords, in perhaps greater abundance than any other district of the globe, all the materials requisite for making arms of all descriptions, and having established a manufactory for that purpose, in the vicinity of inexhaustible coal mines, and on the navigation of a river by which all the necessary articles may readily be brought to the door of the works; I trust that my fellow-citizens of this state may furnish materials at least as cheap as they can be imported from foreign markets, and if they do, a decided preference should be given to them.
I am, sir, With respect and esteem, Your most obdt. servant. JNO. CLARKE.
Col. John Beale, Botetourt.
I find no answer to this letter. On the 28th of August, 1804, on the authority of governor Page, I addressed the following letter to General Shee.
RICHMOND, August 28th, 1804.
DEAR SIR,
I have enclosed in this letter a post-note of a thousand dollars for the purchase of bar-iron and large iron wire. You will please to purchase the wire (which is intended for musket mounting) of the size designated by number eight, which is precisely three-sixteenths of an inch in diameter; of such wire we want about the value of one hundred and fifty dollars; the balance of the enclosed, you will please apply to the purchase of bar-iron for musket barrels, making a reservation of your commissions, expenses, &c. The iron should be of the best and most malleable quality; the bars, about two and half inches wide, by an half inch thick, and clear of copper in its composition. The last bar-iron you sent me was sufficiently malleable and apparently good, but so much copper was intermixed with it, it could not be welded, and consequently could not be applied to the making of musket barrels, for which purpose it was intended. It would be desirable, if it were convenient, to get a gun-smith in whom you have confidence, to choose and try whether or not the iron, meant to be purchased, will make good musket barrels.
His answer follows: PHILADELPHIA, Sep. 4, 1804.
DEAR SIR,
I have received your esteemed favor of the 28th past, containing a post note for one thousand dollars, which shall be appropriated, as far as depends on me, agreeably to your directions. All the Iron-wire No. 8 that was in the city I have purchased, still it's short of the quantity you ordered, amounting but to about $ 66.88. If No: 7 would
answer, your order can be completed—if this you will please to give me the earliest advice. Having by enquiry from some of our principal workmen, discovered where could be had the kind of Iron most likely to answer your wants, I engaged the quantity that may be required at $102 the ton—the gentleman went two or three days past, to have it drawn to the size you indicated, and to expedite it as quick as possible to the city, which he said would not be longer than two or three weeks. Farewell, believe me sincerely your friend and obedient servant. (Signed) JOHN SHEE.
John Clarke, Esquire.
I wrote to him again on the 14th September repeating, in the most earnest manner, my request that the iron which he was to procure might have no copper in its composition. In the mean time I did not relax my exertions to procure iron from the works of our own state. On the 28th Decr 1805, I received the following letter from Mr. Thomas Evans, of Brunswick county:
BRUNSWICK FORGE, Dec. 19, 1805.
MR. CLARKE,
DEAR SIR, Through small acquaintance I have had with Mr. Wm. B. Page has been good enough to speak to you that I would send you three Tons of bar-iron for the Armoury, it should have been sent to you before this time by my promise to Mr. Page. But our water has been so extremely low, I could not make but little iron. I now send you by Major Harvey's team 102 bars of Iron, twenty eight hundred, one quarter. I have been particular in drawing this Iron to Mr. Atherton's bill, and I know the Iron is of the first quality for your business—if there should be a chance piece that should not be so good, it is owing to the low water—when the water rises I can send you as good Iron as the world can produce, and if you can give me a price that will justify my sending it to you, I will supply you with all you want, you will give me as much per ton for this Iron as you possibly can, that I shall leave to yourself. One favor I must ask of you, which is to pay the money to Messrs. Pollock, Treadway & Co. in Manchester on account of Messrs. Harvey & Wilson of Fincastle, and please to take to their receipt for it and send it to me by Maj. Harvey's Waggoner, and they will pay me the money here. I did intend to have come to see you myself, but owing to a particular piece of business, I cannot leave home at this time. Your attention to this business will greatly oblige me by paying the money to the above gentlemen in Manchester, please to write to me how you like the Iron and enclose the receipt to me.
I am respectfully THOMAS EVANS.
I answered immediately thus:
RICHMOND, December 28th, 1805.
SIR,
Your letter of the 19th inst. was this moment handed to me by a waggoner, who has brought here 102 bars of iron, as stated in said letter, weighing 2 ton, 7 cwt. 3 qrs. 26 lbs. As the waggoner intends to set out to-morrow morning, and it now being late on Saturday evening, we cannot therefore make trial of it before he goes up; but you may rest assured I will give it a fair trial, and hope its quality may answer for making arms, being very desirous to encourage Iron Works in our own country in preference to others. As you had never communicated with me upon the subject of this Iron, I was unwilling to take it in until I could make sufficient trial of its quality; but the waggoner said he did not know what to do with it, and requested me to permit it to be taken in. It is now safely stored in the Armoury; and for all thereof which will answer our purpose, the highest price we have yet given will be allowed for it, viz. $17 per ton; and that which we cannot use shall be kept separate from other iron, and always ready for delivery to your order. Iron for making arms should be of the best, purest and most malleable quality. With respect to the payment of the money, I have to inform you that the Treasurer of the State is the only person who pays for the articles used in the public works, and as soon as I can ascertain the quantity we can use of this iron, I shall be ready to give a certificate for the payment. You had better, therefore, inform some friend or acquaintance here to call and receive of me the certificate for payment, and also receive the iron which will not answer our purpose; from its appearance at present, I suppose about two thirds of the whole quantity may be used; but not more.
I am respectfully, Your obt. servant. JNO. CLARKE.
Mr. Thomas Evans, Brunswick Forge.
The experiment made of Mr. Evans's iron ended in a result which was not satisfactory either to him or myself. In my next number, I shall show the continuance of my exertions to do what the committee say I should have done on this subject; and if those exertions were unsuccessful, the fault was not in me.
JOHN CLARKEENLY SENSIBLE.
It is singular, that we have not yet presented a complete and satisfactory return of the next delegation from this state to the Congress of the Union. Some unfortunate omission or other has always intervened. As these returns, however, have now reached us in an unquestionable shape, we shall beg leave to dedicate the following list of our Representatives, to those federalists in the Eastern States, who have expressed so much unfeigned exultation upon the presumption of a federal conversion of the "Old Dominion"—We beg leave likewise to inform them in the way of consolation—that Mr. Swoope has received but a small majority, although he had been a candidate for a considerable time before the election, and his republican competitor, only two or three weeks—that Gen. Breckenridge had several advantages in this contest, which it is unnecessary to point out, and that in spite of his election, there are the strongest reasons to believe, that the district which he is to represent, is still unchanged in its republican faith—from Mr. Stephens's district we have but little information—and that these elections were completed, before the late removal of the British Orders was known to the people—amidst a crisis too, of great public sacrifices and embarrassments, the worthy fruits of European injustice—and after every artifice and misrepresentation had been employed, to poison the minds of our countrymen, to ascribe our sacrifices to the most erroneous causes, and to criminate the administration by the unfounded accusations of partiality towards one foreign nation, and an anti-pathy towards another.
These sacrifices and embarrassments, however, are vanishing, and those who have been hitherto the victims of their feelings will again become the proselytes of principle. Prosperity and hope are once more shedding their cheering beams upon our foreign relations. Light is again dissipating the mists of error—& displaying in their genuine colors all the intentions, the tendencies, and the consequences of that profound policy, which our administration has pursued towards the belligerent
parties in Europe. The administrative system of the party in the U. S. who from this very spirit of submission to British injustice, has been considered and hailed by both the ministerial and the opposition parties in England, by Mr. Stephens and Mr. Whitebread in the House of Commons, as "the BRITISH PARTY in America"—this deriding policy, with the still more degrading politician, Timothy Pickering, who is justly hailed as the leader of this party since the death of A. Hamilton, may surely be expected to sink into disgrace. All the miserable effrontery which they manifest in assuming the merit of the late negotiation with England, will be incompetent to shield them from the indignant contempt of the people. Here then we may say to the federalists of the "ancient dominion" "Thus far, and no farther. Here shall thy proud waves be staid."
In the following list, the new members are indicated by Italics.
Dr. Walter Jones, Matthew Clay,
Joseph Lewis, (F.) John Randolph, (Op.)
Thomas Newton, Wilson C. Nicholas.
Burwell Bassett, Daniel Sheffey,
John Pease, John C. Jackson,
Edwin Gray, (Op.) F. Stephenson, (F.)
John Dawson, J. Breckenridge, (F.)
John Clopton, John Love,
John W. Eppes, Wm. A. Burwell.
Thomas Glanton, Jacob Swoope, (F.)
Peterson Goodwyn, Gen. John Smith.
Next Congress. Last Congress.
15 Republicans, 17 Republicans,
4 Federalists, 1 Federalist,
2 Oppositionists, 3 Oppositionists,
1 Doubtful, 1 Doubtful.
CARD.—A worthy & intelligent friend in the country, who is far from wishing to undervalue the curious and interesting researches into the revolutions of a wheel, which have been so eagerly prosecuted in this city, begs leave to invite the attention of the inquisitive to a subject, as curious in itself and far more important in its practical effects. He wishes to know the history of the Hessian Fly, that so fatally blights the hopes and the prospects of the farmer.
At what time it first came amongst us, the species of the fly that lays the egg, the time at which it appears, how long it generally stays, what plants, if any, besides the wheat, in which it deposits the egg, when and how long this requires to be hatched, how long the maggot remains, when it shifts to the aurelia or chrysalis state, and when it escapes in the form of a fly—with such other particulars as may be connected with its nature and the means of evading or extirpating this destructive pest? On what parts of the U. States & of Virginia is it found? What kind of wheat are less subject to its ravages, and why? When ought the wheat to be sown the best to avoid it? How ought the ground to be treated?—The great object of this enquiry is to find some means of defeating a common enemy, against whom every man in the community should be up in arms.
Communications addressed to this paper on the above, will be most respectfully received.
GOLD.—Two lumps of pure virgin gold have been lately found in ploughing up a cornfield near Spottsylvania Court-House, this state, which together weighed 9 oz. 4 dwt. when melted, 8 oz. 15 dwt.—the deficiency is owing to the dirt only—no other material, &c. being in its composition. The curious may see it at the Jewelry store of Messrs. Johnson & Reat in this City, who purchased and melted it.
The Governor of Canada has not yet received his Cues—"The non-intercourse law is a feature of hostility that is even more strongly marked than the Embargo was." What say his masters across the Atlantic? The very opposite to this.
We have received the Orleans Gazette of the 27th ultimo, stating that General Wilkinson had touched at Pensacola, W. F. on his way from Charleston, and that he arrived at New-Orleans on the 19th of April.
P. M. Miller is elected to Congress from Tennessee, vice G. W. Campbell, resigned.
JOHN RHEA, Esq. is re-elected to congress, for the district of Washington.
COMMUNICATION.
Departed this life, on Monday, the 11th inst. JOHN FITZUGH, Esq. of Belle-Air, in the 82d year of his age—During a life thus singularly extended, he never failed nor faltered in the prompt, steady and cheerful discharge of all the various duties of Father, Husband, Friend and Citizen. Although for nearly the last 30 years, totally blind, "from the cheerful ways of men cut off, & from the book of knowledge fair," he bore the affliction of deprivation with uncomplaining resignation. With a countenance ever serenely cheerful, his mind retained its pristine vigor, his imagination its youthful ardor. His last, long and painful illness, he sustained with the fortitude of a man, with the resigned meekness of a christian—till at length borne down by the accumulation of years, and the pressure of disease, but supported by the ever-cheering hopes of religion, without a murmur or a sigh, he breathed his last, leaving a numerous posterity, and an extensive acquaintance, by whom, in life, he was sincerely beloved and highly respected—and in death, affectionately remembered, and feelingly lamented.
COMMUNICATED.
Departed this life on the first of this Month, at Santee, the place of her residence, in Hanover County, Mrs. PARRY PERKINS STREET, consort of Capt. Parke Street, and daughter of Col. Goodall.
Among her papers was found one containing the following pious reflections, written with her own hand; "That sigh heaved from the afflicted bosom, which is heard by no human ear, is listened to by him: and that tear is remarked which falls unnoticed, or despised by the world." He receives the assurance that he is drawing nearer and nearer to the place of rest and felicity. Endure, and thou shalt overcome. Persevere, and thou shalt be successful. The time of trial hastens to a close. Thy Mansion is prepared above: thy rest remaineth among the people of God."
We shall readily perceive the application of the above to her own situation, when we consider that it had pleased God to afflict her with lingering, unintermitting sickness for several years! Many were the "signs she heaved" in secret, and many a "tear" bedewed her cheeks, "unnoticed" except by him on whom she leaned in her affliction, in whose protection she placed her confidence and to whose divine will she was most happily resigned.
A few minutes before her departure, she called her dear friends and connexions, and her domestics, to her bed-side, to give them her best advice, and bid them a final adieu: and after expressing her satisfaction that the time of her trial was hastening to a close, and a lively hope of future happiness, she composed herself to death as to an ordinary sleep.
DIED, in the town of Petersburg, on Sunday last, Mr. JAMES STRANGE, a native of Scotland, and for many years a respectable inhabitant of the former place.

MISCELLANEOUS.
CHINESE ARTS.
FROM BARROW'S TRAVELS.
Of all the mechanical arts, that in which they seem to have attained the highest degree of perfection, is the cutting of ivory. In this branch they stand unrivalled, even at Birmingham, that great nursery of the arts and manufactures, where, I understand, it has been attempted, by means of a machine, to cut ivory fans and other articles, in imitation of those of the Chinese; but the experiment, although ingenious, has not hitherto succeeded to that degree, so as to produce articles fit to vie with those of the latter.
The various uses, to which that elegant species of reed, called the bamboo, is applied, would require a volume to enumerate. Their chairs, their tables, their screens, their bedsteads and bedding, and many other household moveables are entirely constructed of this hollow reed, and some of them in a manner sufficiently ingenious and beautiful. It is used on board ships for poles, for sails, for cables, for rigging, and for caulking. In husbandry, for carts, for wheelbarrows, for wheels to raise water, for fences, for sacking to hold grain, and a variety of other utensils.
That "there is nothing new under the sun," was the observation of a wise man in days of yore. Impressed with the same idea, an ingenious and learned modern author has written a book to prove that all the late discoveries and inventions of Europe were known to the ancients. The discovery of making paper from straw, although new, perhaps, in Europe, is of very ancient date in China. The straw of rice and other grain, the bark of the mulberry-tree, the cotton shrub, hemp, nettles, and various other plants & materials, are employed in the paper manufactures of China, where sheets are prepared of such dimensions that a single one may be had to cover the whole side of a moderate sized room.
FROM THE ESSEX REGISTER.
While we were expecting to hear from the French who had penetrated into Persia with an intention of obtaining an influence over the affairs of the English in India, we hear of the French in the Empire of China. When we had ascertained the population upon the extreme parts of China, especially the western, no natural obstacles appeared to the means of penetrating this Empire from that quarter. It was the policy of China, which had kept it in latter years from interruption. Should the court admit European visitors, it might easily as before have been penetrated by their designs. To compare with the news that the French had introduced the Christian religion into China, we produce the letter of Father Pelisson, dated at Canton, Dec. 9. 1700.
FROM THE CHARLESTON TIMES.
The lovers of art, are earnestly invited to employ a portion of their time and attention, to the improvement of the following hints and queries. The time has arrived, that the Genius of America is about to call upon her sons to exert themselves in the discovery of means and substitutes for foreign supplies. Already have numerous edifices been reared for the execution of manufactures; that in this city is now nearly ready to be put into operation, and in order that no farther delays might be made in the full completion of this establishment, the writer earnestly solicits of all who are in possession of facts relative to native dying materials, to furnish the necessary information as soon as possible.
2nd. What forms the most permanent black, red, yellow, red, and other dyes? The process to be used in dying, so as to promise the least expense, and yet most durable colors.
3d. The manner of preparing appropriate mordants, or fixtures.
4th. Colors for printing on cotton; their formation; manner of impression; and whatever else may be necessary towards the completion of calicoes, &c.
In this state, it has been proved, that many articles of domestic growth, afford excellent dyes; but the necessary mordants remain yet to be discovered.
AMERICAN MANUFACTURES.
In addition to the improvements displayed at Mr. Custis's, we have the pleasure to announce to our readers an agricultural and manufacturing experiment, perhaps not before attempted in this country. Gen. Mason, of this town, has manufactured a piece of nankeen, from cotton raised on his estate in this district, very little inferior to that imported from India. The public spirited exertions of Gen. Mason in this particular, as well as in many others, entitle him to the thanks of his country. It is well known that seed of the true nankeen cotton is to be found in many parts of the southern states; and if it was cultivated carefully and separately from the common cotton, there is no doubt but as handsome nankeen might be made in this country as in India.
Shipwreck and Miraculous Escape. We stated in a former paper, that the ship Monticello, from Lima, fell in with the wreck of a vessel at sea, on which was found a man, the last of the crew, who had preserved a precarious existence for a number of days by feeding upon the bodies of his comrades.
This statement, in the first instance, was considered too extravagant to be true; but it is now known to be a fact. It was also said that the crew cast lots which of them should die, to sustain the lives of the remainder; but this is not confirmed by the narrative of the survivor. He admits, however, that where any of his comrades died from hunger or thirst, he was driven to the necessity of existing upon their remains.
Particulars given by the wrecked mariner are these; his name is Thomas Moorhead, a native of the county of Durham; he served his time to the seas in the coal trade, the ship in which he was wrecked was the Acorn, captain M'Leod, of Stockton, to which they were bound from America, when on the 30th October, a severe gale of wind came on, in which the ship made a great deal of water, and finally filled and overset, in lat. 51, long. 43, by which misfortune, the captain, and a black man were drowned. In about ten minutes the sea carried away her mainmast and she righted again. At this period the sea made a clear passage over the ship, but she could not well sink, being laden with timber. The master, Andrew Brass, and John Simpson, a boy, were washed overboard, but at day light the master was washed on board again, having been for some hours clinging to the pieces of the wreck. All hands next proceeded to the foretop and in five hours time two more of the crew died in consequence of the inclemency of the weather.
Extract of a letter from a citizen of Hartford, Conn. to his brother in Philadelphia, dated March 7, 1809.
The inhabitants of Hartford have been, for some days, much alarmed by the ravages of a strange and unaccountable disorder, which our physicians, for the want of a better appellation, style the spotted fever. Its appearance and symptoms are truly alarming. Sometimes persons are found sitting in a state of absolute insensibility; their eyes and jaws set—their blood in a very high state of putrefaction—their limbs cold and inactive; this is the most alarming case—others are suddenly seized with a violent pain in the head, or extreme parts of the body, as toes, fingers, &c.
this is soon followed by a raving delirium, & unless relief is soon obtained, death ensues in a few hours. They are covered with large spots, resembling morbilli or measles. The disorder is very fatal, especially to the female sex. Our physicians appear to be entirely nonplussed, and differ much in their opinions and treatment of it. Although there have been solitary instances of this disorder for two years past in different parts of this state, it began its desolating ravages in the west, and has been gradually advancing to the eastward; few towns in the north-western parts have escaped its ravages. We have had but few instances of it on the east side of Connecticut river till within a few days. In this city, on Friday last, there were 18 new cases—on Saturday, 15. In some instances it has destroyed almost whole families in a few hours. Two very singular circumstances attended this disease—one is, that although it rages in warm weather, yet proves much more fatal in the cold. This is the case, that it is equally fatal in places thinly populated, and in salubrious situations as in populous towns. We hope the warm season, which we ardently desire, will arrest its progress. Unless it receives a check, it is likely to prove the severest scourge with which offended heaven has hitherto been pleased to visit us.
ILLEGITIMATE CHILDREN.
An argument, (says a late London Paper) as curious as it is interesting, is defending, respecting the marriage of illegitimate children. The case before the Court upon this subject is as follows: A Gentleman dying, left his natural daughter a very considerable estate. At that period she was living under the guardianship of her mother, and before she attained the age of 21, she was married with her mother's consent. The question before the Court is, whether the issue of that marriage can inherit the estate left by the grandfather? The legitimate issue of the grandfather say they cannot, and seek to recover it back. The argument in support of that position is, that natural children, in contemplation of law, have no father nor mother, and consequently the marriage above alluded to, by the provisions of the marriage Act, is null and void, as the mother could not make the marriage binding by her consent; and the natural daughter being in that case married without the consent of a legal parent, and she being a minor at the time, the issue of that marriage are bastardized, & the estate must revert back to the legitimate issue of the grandfather. The reply is, that the mother of a natural daughter is a parent for the purpose of assenting or dissenting to her marriage when a minor; but if she is not a parent within the meaning of the Act, then there are no children within the meaning of the Act, and the suit must fail. If the Act recognized none but legal parents, then couldn't recognize none but legitimate children; so that, which ever way the argument shaped itself, the issue of the marriage could not be deprived of the estate in question.
The court took time to consider of their judgment.
We are happy to perceive from the following Extract from the Boston Repertory, and from various accounts from Baltimore, Philadelphia and New York, that our old & enterprising friend Mr. Ogilvie is meeting with such distinguished success. He has been for several months taking the tour of the largest towns in the northern states, delivering a course of lectures on moral and political subjects. Every account, that has reached us, is descriptive of the splendour of his successes. The approbation of the public has cheered and rewarded the emanations of his genius.
Mr. Ogilvie's Oration—We have been requested by several persons, who could not obtain seats, while attending Mr. Ogilvie's Oration, to suggest to those who first seat themselves on the benches, to take the south extreme. From neglecting this little circumstance, there is a most uncomfortable press, at the door, though there are convenient seats enough for all: so no more date. From the respectability of the audience, it is presumed this hint will be sufficient. It cannot be surprising that to enjoy high intellectual pleasure, people wish to sit at their ease.
LONDON, March 25. DIED, at Vienna, on the 22d ult. Count Lou is de Cobenzel, after a lingering illness.
On Thursday, at noon, at his house in Clifton-street, after a lingering and painful illness of several months, which he bore with unexampled calmness and fortitude, THOMAS HOLFORD, Esq. author of Hugh Trevor, the Road to Ruin, and a number of other Works. He was in his sixty first year. Mr. Holcroft's has been a life of literary labor. He possessed great natural endowments, and a most burning desire of knowledge. He owed all his attainments to his own thirst of information, and overcame every impediment that suppressed the ardor of his mind. For several years he was a Comedian of eminence in several respectable Provincial Companies, and came to London in the year 1778. From that time till the day of his last illness, he has been indefatigably engaged in almost every department of literature. He acquired by his own assiduity, such a knowledge of the languages, as to enable him to translate freely from the French, Italian, and German; and his Dramatic pieces, as well as Novels, entitle him to no ordinary praise as a fruitful and able writer. We lament to say, that he has left an amiable wife and six children, the eldest of whom is only nine years, totally unprovided for. He has also left two daughters by his first marriage.
"Nature degenerates in America." BUFFON. A COW AT BRIDGEWATER LATELY HAD FOUR CALVES, THREE OF THEM LIVING AND DOING WELL.
FOR THE ENQUIRER.
THE MUSE.
The following lines are from the Freeman's Journal of Philadelphia.
It is a singular coincidence, that at the very moment when we were about delivering to our compositor, a MS. copy of the very same verses, this number of the Philadelphia Journal was put into our hands. It is not the first time that "Great wits jump together."—In imitation of the Editor of the Journal, we have annexed the corresponding version of Francis—the most celebrated translator of the poems of Horace. The comparison will do no discredit to the genius of the young Virginian—the latter at the early age of 15, the English translator in the full tide and maturity of his genius.
Concerning general Lewis Littlepage, less has been written than he really deserved. He was a native of Virginia—once a secretary or protege of Mr. Jay—with whom he subsequently quarrelled, and against whom he published those severe philippics, which poured forth all the fire of his genius—he was at the siege of Gibraltar—he was well versed in almost all the courts of Europe—was particularly conversant with
the Court of St. Petersburg—was acquainted with Suwarow and many of the great military men of Europe—and returned to his native country with ample resources about the year 1802. He became a resident of the town of Fredericksburg, where he died in that year. Littlepage was a man of immense original powers—fraught with the most striking anecdotes of men and achievements—and to the last moment of his life exhibited that romantic and original cast of character which had distinguished his earlier adventures.
Had such a man exerted his fine talents amidst the political scenes of his native country—in the vindication of her rights and her honour—he would have played a most distinguished part on the theatre of the public. The friends of Gen. Littlepage, (and he has several relations in Virginia,) could not render us a more acceptable service, than by laying before us the memoirs of the most eventful incidents of his romantic life. So much for the man—and now for the youthful poet.
THE XXII. ODE, BOOK I. OF HORACE
TRANSLATED BY LEWIS LITTLEPAGE, WHEN ONLY 14 YEARS OF AGE.
Fuscus, the man whose quiet heart No conscious crimes molest, Needs not the Moor's envenom'd dart To guard his guiltless breast. Safe may he range Getulia's sands, Virtue and truth his guides: Or where the desert Gamma stands, Or fam'd Hydaspes glides. Late as Trarad the Sabine grove Beyond our usual bounds, Whilst void of care I sung my love In soft melodious sounds, Sudden I met (without defence) A Wolf in fierceress bred; But aw'd by peaceful innocence, The savage monster fled. Not thirsty Lybia's scorching fields, (1) Where tawny lions feed, Nor warlike Daunia's dreary wilds, So dire a monster breed. Remove me far from cheerful day To night and endless shades, Where not a bright celestial ray The awful gloom pervades; Or place me near the solar blaze, (2) Beneath the burning zone, Where no refreshing breeze allays, The influence of the sun: Still shall the memory of my love, (3) Her soft enchanting smile, Her tuneful voice, my cares remove, And all my woes beguile. (4)
SAME ODE BY FRANCIS. The man who knows not guilty fear, Nor wants the bow, nor pointed spear; Nor needs while innocence of heart, The queering, teeming with the poison'd dart, Whether thro' Lybia's burning sands His journey leads, or Scythia's lands, Inhospitable waste of snows, Or where the fabulous Hydaspes flows: For musing on my lovely maid, While careless in the woods I stray'd, A wolf—how dreadful! cross'd my way, Yet fled—he fled from his defenceless prey: No beast of such portentous size In warlike Daunia's forests lies, Nor such the tawny lion reigns Fierce on his native Afric's thirsty plains. Plac'd me, where never summer breeze Unbinds the globe, or warms the trees; Where ever lowering clouds appear, And angry Jove deforms the inclement year: Place me beneath the burning ray, Where rolls the rapid car of Day; Love, and the nymph shall charm my toils, The nymph, who sweetly speaks, and sweetly smiles.
VARIATIONS. 15, says our MS. ENQUIRER. (1) Not scorched Numa's thirsty fields. (2) Or place me near the solar rays. (3) Here is a stanza in our copy which is omitted in the Journal. Yet still my Lalage shall reign Triumphant in my breast, Still her belov'd harmonious name Shall lull my woes to rest. (4) Here some trifling variations.
(BY AUTHORITY.)
LAW OF THE UNITED STATES.
AN ACT To authorize the transportation of a certain message of the President of the U. S. and documents accompanying the same.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the Members of Congress and Delegates from the several territories of the United States be, and they are hereby authorized to transmit by mail, free of postage, the message of the President of the U. S. States, of the eighth of November, in the year one thousand eight hundred and eight, and documents accompanying the same, printed by order of the Senate and House of Representatives, to any post-office within the United States and territories thereof, to which they may respectively direct, any law to the contrary notwithstanding.
J. B. VARNUM, Speaker of the House of Representatives, GEO: CLINTON, Vice-President of the United States and President of the Senate.
Nov. 18, 1808. APPROVED, TH: JEFFERSON.
AN ACT
For the relief of Augustinerry. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the proper accounting officers of the treasury be, and they are hereby authorised to settle the account of Augustinerry, formerly a boatswain on board the United States' Brig Sophia; and that they allow him the pay and emoluments of a boatswain, from the fifteenth day of October, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-six, until the sixteenth day of February, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-eight; and that they pay the balance which may be found due to the said Augustinerry, out of any monies in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated.
J. B. VARNUM, Speaker of the House of Representatives, GEO: CLINTON, Vice-President of the United States and President of the Senate.
Jan. 12, 1809. APPROVED, TH: JEFFERSON.
WANTED TO HIRE—Six or eight NEGRO MEN,
to the end of the year. The hire will be paid monthly, if required. Apply to Mr. Richard Sampson, at Middle Quarter, Tuckahoe, or the subscriber, JOHN WICKHAM. May 26.
IN CHANCERY.—Buckingham County, March Court, 1809. James James Plaintiff against William Cannon, William Anderson, senior, and William Anderson, jr. Defendants. On the motion of the plaintiff by council and it appearing to the satisfaction of the Court that the defendant Cannon is not an inhabitant of this state. It is ordered and decreed, That unless the said Cannon shall appear here at June Court next and answer the plaintiff's bill. The Court will then proceed to take the same for confessed as to him and decree the matter thereof accordingly, and that a copy of this order be forthwith published in some public newspaper of the city of Richmond for two months successively, and another copy be posted up at the front door of the Courthouse of this County. A copy. Teste, R. ELDREDGE, jr. D. C. 1a88w4f
IN CHANCERY.—Charlotte Court, March 7th, 1809. Robert Smith, Plaintiff, against James Weaver and Wm. Smith Defendants. THE defendant Weaver, not having entered his appearance according to the act of Assembly and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court, that he is not an inhabitant of this state; On the motion of the plaintiff, by his attorney, It is ordered, That he appear here on the first day of June Court next, and enter his appearance, and give security for performing the decree of the court, and that a copy of this order be inserted in one of the news papers printed in Richmond, for two months successively, and posted at the front door of the court-house of the said county. Copy. Teste, THOMAS READ, CLK. w88w4f
IN CHANCERY.—Charlotte Court, March 7th, 1809. Robert Bailey, administrator of Lucy Bailey, dec'd. Plaintiff, against William Smith, administrator and distributee of John Smith, dec'd. John Smith, George Jones & Molly his wife, Edward Clarke and Elizabeth his wife, James Weaver & Nancy his wife, Charles Smith, Samuel Smith, David Bailey and Elizabeth his wife, and Francis Smith Defendants. THE defendant Jones, John Smith, George Jones and Molly his wife, James Weaver and Nancy his wife, Charles Smith, Samuel Smith, David Bailey and Elizabeth his wife, and Francis Smith not having entered their appearance, according to the act of Assembly and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court, that they are not inhabitants of this state. On the motion of the plaintiff by his attorney, It is ordered, That they appear here on the first day of June Court next, and enter their appearance, and that a copy of this order be inserted in one of the news papers printed in Richmond, for two months successively, and posted at the front door of the court-house of the said county. Copy. Teste, THOMAS READ, CLK. w88w4f
IN CHANCERY.—Charlotte Court, March 7th, 1809. Stephen Smith, Plaintiff, against Nathan Zackery and Thomas M. Dearman, Defendants. THE defendant Zackery not having entered his appearance according to the act of Assembly, and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court, that he is not an inhabitant of this state, on the motion of the plaintiff by his attorney; It is ordered, That he appear here on the first day of June Court next, and enter his appearance and give security for performing the decree of the court, and that a copy of this order be inserted in one of the news papers printed in Richmond, for two months successively, and posted at the front door of the Court-House, of the said County. Copy. Teste, TH: READ, C. C. w88w4f
IN CHANCERY.—Charlotte Court, March 7th, 1809. JAMES R. MICOU informs his friends & the public—in those commodious houses occupied the last year by Mr. John Belfield and formerly kept as public house by Mr. John Croxton. James R. Micou flatters himself that he will receive such a share of the patronage of his friends and the public as his exertions may merit. April 28. w4w
FOR SALE.—Upon liberal credit, for cash or good bonds, 515 acres of LAND, in Middlesex county, advantageously situated upon the Piankatank, being the House Lot of Shooters Hill tract. This Land is of a good quality, has a good Fishery, Oysters at the door, and wild Fowl in abundance. If not sold before the first of November, it will be leased for a term of years, with or without 615 acres adjoining. For terms apply to Major Paulin A. Blackburne of that county or to AUSTIN BROCKENBROUGH, Tappahannock, April 7. w53p
ENJAMIN KIMBALL, has taken the Store lately occupied by Mr. Jacob Fackler, where he has now a tolerable, and will shortly receive a very general and extensive assortment of European and India
GOODS; Which will be sold wholesale or retail at very moderate prices. May 9. 4t
NOTICE.—The subscriber has, for the present, removed his VENDUE OFFICE, to the front room of the house occupied by Mr. Carter B. Page, opposite to Messrs. Hovey and Sizer where he transacts business as usual. He has on hand a quantity of West India and other GOODS, and is prepared with convenient store-houses to receive any further consignments that may be made to him. JAMES BROWN, Jr. Auctioneer. April 11. 4t
RACING!—The Tappahannock JOCKEY CLUB RACES, will commence on Thursday the 25th May next. 1st DAY—The Jockey Club Purse of $320* four mile heats 2nd DAY—The Jockey Club Purse of $240* three mile heats. 3rd DAY—The Proprietor's Purse of $100* entrance 10 dollars, two mile heats, (five horses or no race.)
WEIGHTS AS FOLLOWS: An aged horse, lb. 130 4 Years old, lb. 100 6 years old 120 3 Do. 86 5 Do. 110 And under that age a feather. The course, &c. will be in good order, we therefore may expect fine sport; stables and litter provided gratis, upon timely application to the proprietor of the course. A. S. BROCKENBROUGH, Secretary and Treasurer.
* The Secretary cannot state accurately the amount of each days purse, but supposes they will be as above stated, after deducting the Jockey Club dinner and the expense of advertising the races from the subscription. April 11. tdr
Merchant's, Lawyer's, Sheriff's and Constable's BLANKS, For Sale at this Office.