The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1804-06-13 00:00:00

THE ENQUIRER.
RICHMOND, (Virginia) PUBLISHED BY RITCHIE & WORSLEY, OPPOSITE THE POST-OFFICE... AT FOUR DOLLARS PER ANNUM... payable in advance.
NUMBER 11.]
WEDNESDAY MORNING, JUNE 13, 1804.
[VOLUME 1.]
CONDITIONS.
 I. The ENQUIRER will appear twice a week... During the session of Congress and the Virginia Legislature, either a third paper or a supplementary half-sheet, during the week.  II. Terms of payment will be FOUR DOLLARS per annum, to those who subscribe previous to the 9th August, after which, the price will be FIVE DOLLARS, in advance.  III. ADVERTISEMENTS, from those who do not subscribe to the paper, should they not exceed a square in length, shall be inserted for seventy-five cents the first time, fifty cents for each time during three weeks, and for every additional insertion thirty-three cents; long ones in the same proportion.  IV. SUBSCRIBERS shall have their advertisements inserted for fifty cents the first time, and thirty-three cents for every additional insertion. 
For the information of the Freeholders of the State,
THE following correct list of the persons who compose the Republican Ticket of Electors of President and Vice President of the United States, is published. The election for the choice of Electors will be held in each county and corporation on the first Monday in November next.
PHILIP N. NICHOLAS, Chairman.
John H. Foushee, Sec'y. Richmond, May 25, 1804.
REPUBLICAN TICKET.
 Richard E. Lee, of Norfolk Borough.  John Goodrich, of Isle of Wight.  Edward Pegram, of Dinwiddie.  Dr. Richard Field, of Brunswick.  Thomas Read, of Charlotte.  Creed Taylor, of Cumberland.  William H. Cabell, of Amherst.  George Penn, of Patrick.  George Wythe, of City of Richmond.  John Taylor, of Caroline.  Larkin Smith, of King & Queen.  John Minor, of Spotsylvania.  William Elzey, of Louisa.  William Dudley, of Warwick.  Man Page, of Gloucester.  John Taliaferro, jr. of King George.  Richard Brent, of Prince William.  Hugh Holmes, of Fredericksburg.  James Dailey, of Hampshire.  James Allen, of Shenandoah.  Archibald Stuart, of Augusta.  James McFarlane, of Russell.  Gen. John Preston, of Montgomery.  William M'Kinley, of Ohio. 
* The Republican Printers throughout the State, are requested to insert the above one month.
PROPOSALS
By JOHN L. COOK & SEATON GRANTLAND, For publishing in the City of Richmond, A Literary & Miscellaneous Paper, TO BE ENTITLED The LADY'S MUSEUM, AND WEEKLY MAGAZINE.
THIS PAPER, as the title bears, will be chiefly devoted to the amusement of the LADIES; and on their patronage must the success of our undertaking principally depend. Although we shall use our endeavours to adopt the MUSEUM to the taste of the Fair Sex, we nevertheless presume that the admirers of polite Literature among the GENTLEMEN will not find it unworthy of perusal; upon such, therefore, we rely for a portion of patronage, assured that they will not be backward in promoting with a liberal hand, the circulation of a paper, which has for its object the improvement and gratification of those who contribute so materially to our happiness, and to the refinement of our manners.
From this paper, party politics and personal altercation will be entirely excluded. In place of matter of this sort, with which periodical papers too generally abound, and which is only calculated to disgust and irritate readers of taste and judgment, we shall substitute Essays Moral and Sentimental; interspersing Biographical Sketches; with occasional selections from the most celebrated Poets; and such Original Essays, both in prose and verse, as may, from time to time, be furnished by our Patrons. A correct summary of interesting Foreign and Domestic Intelligence shall also be regularly published.
CONDITIONS.
 1st. The Museum will be neatly printed, weekly, on a half-sheet of Super-Royal paper.  2d. The terms will be Two Dollars per annum; one dollar to be paid at the reception of the first number, and the other at the expiration of six months.  3d. As it is supposed that subscribers will prefer their papers for the purpose of binding, a handsome Title-page and Table of Contents will be furnished (gratis) at the completion of each volume.  4th. The publication of the MUSEUM will commence about the first of September, should a sufficient number of subscribers be obtained by that time. 
May 30. SUBSCRIPTIONS will be received at the Office of the ENQUIRER. The printers of Newspapers in this State will oblige us by publishing our Proposals.
THE SUBSCRIBERS,
(Living on Shockoe-Hill, near Mr. Daniel L. Hylton and Mr. Benj. Mosby) RESPECTFULLY inform the citizens of Richmond and its vicinity, that they have lately commenced the CARPENTER & JOINER'S BUSINESS; and are now ready to undertake any business in their line. They trust, from their particular attention, and faithful performance of every thing they undertake, to merit public patronage. WILLIAM K. LEE, JOHN S. LEE. May 23, '04. if (5)
Spring Goods.
WILLIAM TEMPLE
HAS just received, by the ship Rebecca from London, and York from Liverpool, AN ASSORTMENT OF G O O D S. Suitable to the season, which he will dispose of on the usual terms. Richmond, May 9th. if (1)
FOR SALE,
A tract of Land,
IN Powhatan county, on Appomattox River, where it is navigable, known by the name of M'Caul's Quarter, containing 420 acres: this land lies about four miles from the Court House, and is well adapted to the culture of Tobacco, small grain and corn. Maj. John Archer, who lives near the land, will show it to any person who may wish to purchase. If it is not sold before the 1st of September next, I shall sell it upon that day to the highest bidder, at Woodson's Tavern, near the premises. John L. Price. Richmond, May 20, 1804. [Lauca Sina.]
Virginia.
At a Superior Court of Chancery held at the Capitol in the city of Richmond, 14th of September, 1803—
Between Mary Ruffin, executrix, and Herbert Claiborne, James Ruffin and William Ruffin, executors of Robert Ruffin deceased, and the said James Ruffin, Robert Ruffin and Sterling Ruffin, protesting in their own rights.....Plaintiffs. And William Clack, and James Cargill Jones, and Richard Jones, infants by Charles Binns Jones, their guardian.....Defendants.
IN this cause, abated as to the plaintiffs Mary Ruffin and James Ruffin, by their deaths, and heard on the bill, answers, exhibits, and examinations of witnesses, and argued by counsel, the fourteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and three, the court directs one of the commissioners to state and report the credits, to which the defendants are, if to any they be, entitled, exclusive of the paper money tendered, and justly rejected in November, of the year one thousand seven hundred eighty one, towards discharging the debt, for securing payment of which, the mortgage proposed to be foreclosed, was granted. A Copy—Teste, P. TINSLEY. May 25th, 1804. (2991) (7)
On the motion of the plaintiffs, by their counsel, John Jones is assigned guardian to the infant defendants, to defend them in this suit, in place of Charles Binns Jones, who is dead. A Copy. P. TINSLEY.
COMMISSIONER'S OFFICE,
Richmond, May 26th, 1804. THE parties concerned are desired to take Notice, That I have appointed Wednesday the twenty-fifth day of July next, for carrying into effect the within decree; upon which day their attendance is required at my office, with their papers and accounts, ready for examination. WM. HAY, M. C.
CAROLINE SPRINGS.
THE subscriber intends to open a TAVERN at the Caroline Springs, on the first day of June next; and hopes, from the pleasant and healthy situation, exclusive of the medicinal qualities of the waters, that it will be a place of general resort.
The Springs are situated about 56 miles from Richmond, 18 from Port-Royal, 12 from the Bowling-Green, and 14 from Fredericksburg. The roads leading to them are remarkably good; they are surrounded by an agreeable and respectable neighbourhood. There are out-houses for the accommodation of those who wish to live separate from the Tavern.
The subscriber flatters herself, that these inducements will not only operate on invalids, who, in the sickly season, attend the Springs for the sake of having their health restored, but will also be felt by those who may only object to the enjoyment of company, as it may be justly said the society will be equal to any in the country. No exertion will be wanting to make every thing perfectly agreeable. ANN GATEWOOD. Fredericksburg, May 19. 31/77.
CASH WANTED,
FOR about five tons of BAR IRON. The price will be made an inducement to purchase. And IRON CASTINGS of various kinds, for sale on the usual terms by the ton or single piece, among which are a few tons of 50 and 60 lbs. weights. Also, T & R by the quantity or single barrel below the common price. And also best fine and superfine FLOUR. MICAYAH DAVIS. Richmond, 22d of the 5th Mo. 1804.
Mediterranean Passports.
NOTICE is hereby given, that it has been deemed expedient to change the form of the Mediterranean passport issued to vessels of the United States; that from the 8th day of July next, those of the new form will be issued at the custom houses to every vessel, for which application may be made on a compliance with the terms prescribed by law and surrendering the former passport of which she may be possessed, if any, in which latter case no fees will be required for the exchange; and that by an arrangement agreed upon by the Barbary powers with whom we are at peace, either the old or the new form of passport will be sufficient to protect the vessels of the United States, from capture until the 1st of July 1805, after which the old form of passport will be unavailable and the new one alone in use. Department of State, } 22d of May, 1804. }
The printers of the laws of the United States are requested to insert the above in their Gazettes twice a week for the space of six months, and the Collectors of the customs to keep copies of it posted up in their offices. June, 2.
Foreign Intelligence.
Continuation by the Diana from Dublin, arrived at New-York.
LONDON—SUNDAY, April 15.
By the neutral ship Anna Lucia, arrived at Gravesend from Emsden, we yesterday received a letter from thence to the following effect: "The French in the Electorate of Hanover continue to transport immense quantities of ammunition to the Duchy of Lauenburg, and the army on the northern bank of the Elbe has been considerably reinforced. They have likewise formed magazines of powder in the neighbourhood of Altona and Hamburg. This circumstance is stated to have excited strong sensations at Copenhagen, and to have induced some strong resolutions on the part of that Government. The magazine within the Danish territory near Altona has been seized, and the troops on the frontiers of Lubec and Lauenburg have been ordered to resist any territorial violation or encroachment that may be attempted by the republicans."
Barthelemy, the banker, continues under arrest, not however as we heard, for having paid a bill drawn on him from London, but in consequence of his name being on a bill of exchange which was taken from one of the conspirators. It is supposed that he will be liberated.
The Dutch admiral Verhuell, was at Flushing on the 9th, preparing another division of his flotilla for sea.
Yesterday we received a letter from Rotterdam, and a packet of Dutch journals to the 10th inst. by the Hoftnung, Perry, arrived in the river from the Maese. The former announces that all the shipwrights at Rotterdam and Amsterdam had been sent to Flushing, to make some alterations which appeared to be wanting, on experiments in the construction of the flotilla there.
All French emigrants have been ordered to leave Frankfort in consequence of an intimation from the commander at Mentz, that if they were suffered to remain, a military force should be sent to arrest them. The elector of Baden at the same moment that the requisition for the allowance of a French corps to enter Ettenheim, was presented to him, received the news of the arrest of the duke d'Enghien. The duke of Brissag's territory was violated without even the ceremony of the slightest communication on the subject.
It was reported at Rotterdam on the 10th, that the king of Prussia has directed his minister at Paris to remonstrate against the recent violation of the neutrality of Germany by the French troops from Strasburgh.
The capt. of the Dutch brig, Atalante, lately captured by the Scorpion, fought with a degree of bravery bordering on desperation. When capt. Hardinge boarded the brig, he attacked & wounded the Dutch commander in several places; but in the heat of the contest, capt. H. struck his hand against the hilt of his sword and the sword flew from it. At this moment several of his men rushed forward, when capt. H. offered his opponent quarter, but the other declining it a man from the Scorpion shot him through the body.
PARIS, Germinal 13.
An inn-keeper at Rotterdam has been arrested, charged with not having denounced a person suspected by the police of that city. We are assured that a coffer containing papers relative to the conspiracy has been found in his possession.
The grand chancellor of the legion of honor has been instructed to make a report respecting the citizens who arrested Georges, the intention of the grand council being to admit them into the legion of honor. Raoul Gaillard, called St. Vincent, and his brother Armand Gaillard, both signalized in the official list of brigands, were arrested the 10th of this month, at the moment they were flying from Paris, after the opening of the barriers. They attempted to cross the river in a ferry boat at Marci, near Pontoise. The citizen Dubois, trumpeter to the gendarmerie, aged 21 years, was posted at this ferry in consequence of the excellent dispositions ordained by the first inspector general of the gendarmerie, at all points which might offer a passage to the brigands. The two brothers, Gaillard, and an individual who is thought to be Tamerlan, having presented themselves to pass the water, the young Dubois opposed them with spirit, and required the exhibition of their passports; and even when they asked that he would suffer them to return, the gendarmerie charged them to remain till they should be recognized. Then these three brigands took pistols from their hands and escaped; at the cries of the gendarmerie many inhabitants of Marci and Villiers, Adam, ran after armed with stones & cudgels. The brigands fired their pistols five or six times; the citizen Steven Cousine, husbandman at Marci, who was foremost in the chase, had his baton broken in two by a ball. An old soldier of the cantons named Labroste, advanced, armed with a fusce, happened on St. Vincent, who took aim at him; he fell upon his knees to hunt the ball, which passed over his head, and in this position fired and wounded St. Vincent, who being very soon struck by three other shots, was seized by the inhabitants now assembled in great numbers; his brother, being followed, was overtaken in an adjacent wood. The third escaped by the favour of the night, and has not yet been found. St. Vincent died yesterday of his wounds, at the hospital of Pontoise. His brother has been carried to the minister of the grand judge. The sum of 1100 francs has been found upon them, both in louis and guineas. They had poignards of the same model with those seized upon Georges, Pichegru, and in general, on all the arrested Brigands. Thus in the course of the last week, seven of these wretches have fallen into the power of the police. The judges of the peace, the magistrates of the neighbouring communes, and the sub-prefect of Pontoise, have shown in this circumstance a zeal and an activity worthy of the greatest praise.
The Prefect at Nantz has received from government some money to distribute among the distressed Colonists from St. Domingo. All people of colour, let their distres be ever so great, are excluded. The sum he has to dispose of amounts to two thousand livres (321.)
The British have taken possession of the ancient capitals of the Mogul empire, Agra and Delhi.
EAST-INDIES.] GREENOCK, April 13.
An overland dispatch from Bombay is received at the India House, dated 2d December. It contains the official account of the affair in Ceylon: and what is of greater importance, general Lake has pushed his successes on the Upper Ganges with much vigour. A battle was fought on the 1st November, at Callowly, in which the enemy was totally routed; but we are sorry to find with the loss of several valiant officers and brave soldiers on our part. The regiments in India being chiefly Scotch, many persons in this country will have to regret the fall of friends. But the most important part of the dispatch is the advice of an armistice being concluded between general Wellesley and Scindia; the particulars of which as well as those of the other events have not yet been published. It seems likely that the Mahrattas would be swayed in this truce by the progress of gen. Lake; and we are then happily relieved from all anxiety respecting gen. Wellesley. We confess, we thought the war on the Upper Ganges at an end after the first action; that it was not so, appears to have been owing to the dependence of those forces on Scindia's co-operation.
West-India News.
NEW-YORK, June 3.
MASSACRE OF ALL THE WHITES AT ST. DOMINGO.
By the Pilot Boat Greyhound, captain Sandford, in 16 days from Cape Francois we have a confirmation of the massacre and pillage at that and other places of the island by Gen. Dessalines' troops, which commenced on the 19th of April, and was continued, without intermission till the 14th of May. All the French inhabitants, including men, women & children, to the number of between 2000 and 2500 were put to the sword or bayonet at the Cape during the above period. On the 14th inst. after the work of destruction was completed, Dessalines left the Cape on the way to his head quarters by way of Port-de-Paix and Gonaives. On the 22d of April, Fort Dauphin was pillaged, and all the whites, to the number of about ninety, men, women and children, were massacred, and a part of the town destroyed. A few days after, the French inhabitants of St. Jago and other parts of the interior, were escorted to the Cape, and there destroyed in the most wanton manner.
On the 12th of May, Dessalines issued a proclamation (a copy of which follows) calling upon the inhabitants of the City of Santo Domingo, to declare themselves for or against him, allowing them fifteen days to determine. This proclamation was made in consequence, it is said, of his having received dispatches from Port-au-Prince, informing him of the arrival of a reinforcement of French troops at Santo Domingo.
To enter into a full detail of the particulars of the massacre and plunder of the Cape, would be a painful task, and afford no pleasure to our readers: but we are assured that from the beginning to the end of the hellish work, the most unparallelled cruelties were inflicted upon the whites in a manner too shocking to relate.
Men, women and children were hacked down with swords and plunged with bayonets. Women with children in their arms, were seen flying through the streets to avoid their pursuers; and being overtaken by them, one thrust of a bayonet has pierced both mother and child!
After this dreadful massacre the dead lay in the streets for three days, when the inhabitants were ordered to remove those within a certain distance of each dwelling; which were afterwards dragged off and thrown into a ditch at the foot of a mountain.
Previous to the massacre, certain of the blacks in order to obtain the property of the whites, which was secreted, called on them individually, and promised to spare their lives if they would give it up; which having obtained, not one of them was exempted from the general massacre! The property thus perfidiously obtained, consisting of gold, jewels and plate, was said to be immense. Gold was brought to the town in hams by the blacks, and offered in exchange for silver for less than half its value.
We are informed that Dessalines has decreed that any Frenchman henceforward who shall arrive at St. Domingo shall be put to death.
To show further the vindictive cruelty of the blacks, and their inveteracy against the whites, we shall mention the following fact: Just before the massacre took place, a Danish schooner belonging to St. Thomas, having on board a number of French passengers, after killing was pursued by armed boats, overtaken and brought back, and the Danish captain, crew and passengers were all put to death.
The few Americans that were at the Cape, remained unhurt. With the exception of the printer, and a few mechanics at the Cape, whose services were too useful to be spared, not one Frenchman survived the general wreck.
At the date of our advices, Dessalines was erecting strong fortifications in the mountains. His force is said to consist of 60,000 men.
[We have received by Captain Cordis, Barbadoes papers to the 15th, and St. Kitt's to the 18th ult: from them we have made the following extracts.] Norf. Herald.
BARBADOES, April 29.
L'Eclair captured on Wednesday last, 10 leagues to windward of Martinique, a large galley under Swedish colours, with French mails for Martinique and Guadaloupe, and important dispatches for the Captain Generals of those islands. These advise, that 500 troops had been sent from Rochefort for the colonies, and that about 600 more would soon follow, which Bonaparte strongly enjoins may be distributed to the best advantage of the several garrisons, as he shall not be able to furnish them with any further reinforcements for a considerable time. He impresses upon them the necessity of mutual co-operation for the protection of the islands under their government, and that all local means of defence must be resorted to, as for a time he must abandon them to their fate, the more weighty concerns of the republic at present engrossing all his attention and anxiety. On board this galley (which L'Eclair sent into St. Lucia) were 28 officers, who assume the characters of French planters, and disdain their rank, and were brought here in the schooner. The manner in which the capture of this vessel was effected, is another proof of the skill and judgment of Lieut. Carr, who has several times distinguished himself and particularly, as may be remembered, in the gallant enterprise with his boats in cutting a vessel out of Guadaloupe some time ago. When he first fell in with the galley he hoisted French colours, and by skilfully manoeuvring, hauled upon her without seeming to chase, and having got within hail, spoke to them in French, when they hauled down their neutral colours and hoisted those of the Republic, and were too for L'Eclair's boat, which boarded her at the very moment that they began to suspect their error, but fortunately in time to secure the mails and dispatches, which they were preparing to throw overboard.
May 12.
Since our last we have obtained the following particulars of the progress of the expedition under commodore Hood and Sir Charles Green: They arrived off Surinam on the 16th ult, and the same day his majesty's ships Pandora, Emerald and Drake, passed into the river under a smart fire from the enemy's battery at Bratin's point, but which was silenced upon the Pandora's taking it in tow with her cannonades, so soon after surrendered. The General and Staff removed from the Centaur on the 27th on board the Emerald, and a summons was immediately sent to the Governor, which was positively refused; the Colony however declared in our favour, but the commander of the fort and admiral Blosis professes a determination to hold out. Brig General Maitland was therefore detached on the 28th with 600 men and 60 sailors under captain M'Kenzie, to the Warrappa Creek, in order to come down the river Commicoine, and take the enemy in the rear: on the following day accounts were received from them that they were doing well. This day also, Brig. Gen. Hughes with about 80 of the 64th and 200 sailors under captains Maxwell and Ferris, were at 8 P. M. landed and marched through a thick and swampy wood, to the attack of the battery Frederic and Fort Leyden, which they attacked and carried in a gallant manner. We are sorry here to add, that upon this occasion several brave officers suffered, in consequence of the unexpected explosion of the enemy's magazine; the wounded, however, are doing well.
When these accounts came away, preparations were making to open the batteries upon the enemy's main work, fort Amsterdam, where it seems they were waiting our attack, being determined to defend themselves to the last.
By the American brig Sally from Baltimore, which spoke the French privateer fct' General Ersoff on Saturday last off Deseada, from Guadaloupe bound on a cruise, we learn that the Marlborough Packet, which was taken by this privateer, did not surrender until she had twice sustained the most desperate attacks of the enemy, and gallantly beat her off each time; but that on the third attempt the enemy succeeded in boarding, and at length carried her.
On board the packet 20 were killed, including 9 passengers, Capt. Bull, and 7 wounded. The General Ersoff, (which carried 14 guns and 93 men) had one lieutenant and 6 men killed, and the Capt. and 14 wounded. She informed the Sally that she was going to cruise in the latitude of this Island in hopes of falling in with the next packet.
May 15.
REDUCTION OF SURINAM.
The Danish schooner Eliza, which arrived here yesterday, brought accounts of this event, which although not official, are sufficiently authentic, to assure us of the important fact, without giving the particular details. All the communications on this subject were through private letters, which vary much with respect both to the defence made by the enemy, and the loss of the assailants. The Emerald frigate, we understand, was dispatched with the official communications to the commander of the forces, but she has not yet arrived: we cannot, therefore, for the present, so fully gratify our readers as we wish; but shall take the first opportunity of doing so after we are put in possession of the particulars.
The American brig Ceres, which arrived here on Saturday, was boarded the preceding evening at five o'clock, by a French privateer of 25 men and 12 guns, which reported she had been out 10 weeks cruising without taking any thing; and the Danish fct' Eliza saw a schooner (probably the same) on Sunday bring a ship to, which struck to her, and is believed to be the Packet, from having a blue and yellow flag at the fore. To this opinion, however, we cannot readily assent, as the Dane states that the ship made no resistance.
The St. Lucia, from St. Thomas's and last from off Martinique, saw the Blenheim off Guadaloupe, keeping a look out upon the two French frigates lately arrived there; there, it is probable, from the enterprising spirit of our navy, may shortly add to our force. Martinique has lately been strengthened by 215 of the Republican troops brought by the above frigates.
ROSEAU, (Dominica) May 5.
We are sorry to announce that the second March Packet was captured to windward of Barbadoes by the French privateer General Ersoff, of 14 guns, and sent into Bastafes, Guadaloupe. She proves to be the Marlborough Packet Bell, and sustained a running fight for seven hours, in the course of which a gentleman, a passenger (said to be a proprietor in this island) received a wound, or wounds, of which he is since dead—and it is added, his funeral was very numerously and respectfully attended. The Mails were thrown overboard.
BASSETERRE, (St. Christopher's) May 18.
A letter from Dominica, dated the 10th inst. says "The day before yesterday a frigate called in here, that failed as one of the convoy of the Cork fleet, and gives the melancholy account of having met with very heavy gales off Portugal, where 28 sail of merchantmen and a frigate were lost. The frigate that brings this news is very much injured in her masts and yards, and is gone to Antigua to refit." The Apollo is the frigate said to be lost.
In the course of the week reports were in circulation, that in the attack of Surinam we had the first lieutenant of the commodore's ship, and an officer in the army, killed in effecting a landing, and that every inch of ground was obstinately disputed by the enemy; and by a vessel this morning from Barbadoes, we have the pleasing intelligence of the surrender of that colony to his Majesty's arms.

Foreign Intelligence.
[By the last arrivals.]
Extract of a letter from Cadiz, dated April 7. "We have an order from his Catholic Majesty not to suffer prizes, either English or French to be sold or brought into any port of his dominions. This looks like enforcing a strict neutrality."
Another letter of the same date says, "For the last seven months we have had only 20 days to load and unload our vessels, there having been almost continual rains and gales. On the 5th inst. there was in the river the greatest flood ever known. Several vessels were injured, and one boat loaded with wine was sunk."
Extract of a letter from a respectable Commercial House at Bordeaux, dated March 31st, 1804.
The Minister of Interior, taking into consideration the embarrassment that would be created by a rigid adherence to the certificate required by the decree of the 1st Messidor, as relates to India Piece Goods, has instructed the Commercial Agents in the United States, that when, from the Invoices, Bills of Lading & Interrogations made by the Crews, they have no doubt of the origin of the Goods, they are authorized to grant an explanatory Certificate. As India Piece Goods are manufactured by, and purchased from, the natives; the American Merchant will find no difficulty in satisfying the Commercial Agents on the points required. As we informed you in our last, India Piece Goods of middling and fine qualities are extremely scarce and much demanded.
TURKEY] SEMLIN, March 14.
Some details of the revolt of the Servians. They assembled to the number of 7000 men and set out in three divisions, one of which is commanded by Dzerne Georges, the second by Glavater, & the 3d by an arch priest. These three bodies are composed of young robust men, well furnished with arms and ammunition. They receive every day new reinforcements; 600 Bulgarians from the environs of Nissa lately joined them, and brought with them a large quantity of ammunition. The neighbouring Pachas of Belgrade have refused the Dey the succours which they demanded; one of them however, Pashwan Oglow, has sent them 300 Arnautes; but these men did not reach their destination, they were attacked upon their march by a body of Servians who cut them to pieces; sixteen only were able to effect their escape, and have brought this afflicting news to the Dey. The deputations consisting of the Greek bishop of Belgrade, four principal lords of the court of the Pacha, and fifteen others the most respectable Turks of the city, instructed to enter into negotiation with the deputies serving Hassan-Palanka, has unexpectedly returned to Belgrade, without having made any termination. The rebels of Servia do not wish to listen to any proposition before the four Dey, authors of all the persecutions which have hitherto taken place, be delivered up to them alive.
Domestic Intelligence.
LAW CASE.—FROM THE CHARLESTON COURIER.
L'AFRICANE } Important Cause in the } or } District Court of South } GARLAND. } Carolina.
The Commercial Agent of the French Republic filed a libel in the District Court against the Captain of the British letter of marque Garland, for restitution of and damages for the capture and detention of the French corvette L'Africane, illegally captured on the 2d inst. within the jurisdiction of the United States. To this libel the Captain of the Garland pleaded in bar to the jurisdiction, alleging that the capture was not made within the jurisdiction of the United States—and to prove this, two branch pilots were examined by Mr. Drayton, proctor for the defendant, who swore that the corvette, at the time of the capture, was about five or six miles distant from Sullivan's Island, the nearest land. On their cross-examination by Mr. William Loughton Smith, proctor for the libellant, they admitted and proved that the corvette having lost her mizen-mast in a gale of wind, & several of her men, thrown over-board many of her guns, was seeking refuge in Charleston; that she was brought to anchor off the bar in six fathoms water, and as near as she could be with safety; that at the time of the capture she was within one or two miles of the Rattlesnake breaker, and that the Captain struck to the Garland on the advice of the pilot, and on his assuring the Captain that the corvette was then within the jurisdiction of the United States, and would certainly be delivered up. On these facts the question arose, whether the Africane was, at the time of the capture, within our jurisdiction? Mr. Drayton quoted several authorities, viz. Martens, Vattel, Sir W. Scott, &c. to prove that by the law of nations territorial jurisdiction on the sea was limited to a marine league from the coast, that is, to the extent of the protection which could be given from the shore, by cannon shot, which was calculated at a marine league, or three miles. If there could be any doubt as to the law of nations in this respect, the act of Congress of 1794 settled the question: by that act the district Court is authorized to take cognizance of captures in the waters of the United States, "or within a marine league of the coasts or shores thereof." He defined the terms coasts or shores to be of synonymous import, and referred to Johnson's Dictionary, the Dictionary of Arts and Sciences, and Cook's Voyages, to support his definition—the word bank was the margin of a river, coast, or shore, the margin of the sea. Consequently the Court had no jurisdiction in the case.
Mr. W. LOUGHTON SMITH, said that this claim to the aid of the Court to obtain restitution of the Africane, was founded on the law of nations, on our treaty with France, on the laws of neutrality and of hospitality, all of which had been grossly violated by the capture in question. He considered this a case of considerable magnitude—it was not a common question between two ships of war, but a great national question for the first time to be decided, and to fix the limits of our own jurisdiction. Different naval powers, by recourse to history, would be found to have laid claim and some of them to have maintained it for centuries, to whole oceans. Thus Great Britain claimed jurisdiction over the whole British channel, St. George's Channel, &c.; Venice the Adriatic; the Ottoman Empire the Black Sea; Denmark the Sound, &c. In later times several writers have attempted to ascertain the jurisdictional line with precision, but they all differed—some spoke of the extent of the human sight, some of the extent of protection, others of the distance requisite for the safety of trade. Bodinus fixed 20 miles, Martens 9, Vattel cannon shot, or a marine league; Sir W. Scott in a modern case
(quoted on the other side) seemed also to refer to that distance; but his decision could have no weight, because he was fixing the jurisdiction of Prussia, and no case could be produced where he had fixed the jurisdiction of Great Britain to a marine league from the shore. The law of nations had not then ascertained the precise distance, but all the writers, and Vattel particularly, had established that a neutral country ought to extend its jurisdiction over the sea to the utmost extent of its protection, and as far as might be necessary for the safety of its trade. The treaties we have formed with France, Holland, Prussia, and Sweden, give those powers a right to our protection near our coasts—a reasonable distance must be allowed, otherwise the treaty would be violated, and if the act of congress impugns the treaty by an unreasonable proximity, it would be void, as repugnant to the compact. In this case the corvette was anchored as near the shore as she could lie with safety, (one witness says within one mile) and as she had a pilot on board, she must be considered as ipsius faucibus portus—the pilots have declared that it is common for inward bound vessels to anchor without the bar, and are there considered within our jurisdiction—she was in distress, not coming to cruise, but seeking an asylum and protection from the perils of the sea within the arms of the United States—Vattel lays it down that under such circumstances a ship has, by the law of nations, a right to enter even against the will of a belligerent adverse party; a fortiori has a friend, a strong claim to the protection of a neutral power. At the commencement of the last war, an interesting correspondence took place between the government of the United States and the French government on this subject; the former wished to evade ascertaining our jurisdiction, but being called on by the latter, after observing that, from the peculiarity of our shores, and the shoals of our coasts, we were entitled to claim the broadest possible margin of sea along the coasts; yet, until a communication with other powers, the President would, for the present, claim no further than a marine league: That was evidently a provisional arrangement, confined to the last war. Soon after, the act of Congress in question passed, and partook of the cautious spirit of the times—it was a temporary act, though since continued; in expounding it reference ought to be had to the preceding observations—it says "The District Court shall take cognizance of cases arising within a marine league of the coasts or shores. It does not confine and limit the District Court to such cases alone; the District Court of Pennsylvania has refused to take cognizance of cases manifestly arising within our jurisdiction, referring them to the Executive, where the belligerents were alone concerned. The act of '94 compels them to act where our territory is violated within a marine league, but leaves the question where it was before, as to all distances beyond that, to be decided by the law and usage of nations, having reference always to the peculiar situation and policy of our country. Admit, however, the law to be restrictive, still Mr. S. contended, that by the terms of it our jurisdiction clearly embraced the place of capture—the act says, "coasts or shores"—What is meant by the term coasts? Not merely the visible part of the land, but that part also which is covered by water to a certain distance from the shore; the whole together, comprehending the land out of water and the shoals, constitutes the coast.—In Comyn's Digest, it is said "main land, or coasts thereof, out of the body of any country;" here coasts must mean something beyond the land or shore, otherwise it could not be out of the body of a country. In common parlance, coast means something other than land not covered by water—fisheries on the coast, islands on the coast, wrecks on the coast, &c.—the distance ought then to be computed from the shoals on the bar, and not from Sullivan's Island. It had been proved that a line drawn from the Eastern extremity of long Island, parallel to the shore, would run without the bar—if the distance is to be strictly reckoned from the land, inasmuch as the act does not mention the land nearest the place of capture, then this coast ought to be deemed the line of sea coast, and a marine league computed from thence; or the shoals of the bar are in fact a sunken continuation of the coast; if the act be ambiguous, the court is bound to construe it beneficially for the United States. Mr. S. concluded with referring to the peculiarity of our bar and harbour, the dangers to which it would be exposed by a contrary construction of the act, and the fatal consequences of inviting the cruisers of the belligerent powers to take their station off our bar, which would endanger our commerce, make our port the focus of discord, enlist the passions and interests of our fellow-citizens, and destroy that harmony and tranquillity which now so happily subsist.
Several witnesses were called by Mr. SMITH, and among them Mr. Purcell the surveyor; he swore that he had been long employed, in conjunction with Mr. DE BRAHAM, to survey the coasts of Florida, &c.—that all geographers and surveyors of sea coasts always understood by coast, the shoals along the land—that in Florida these shoals extended to the distance of twenty miles from the land, and were within the territorial jurisdiction. Captain OAKFORD had been many years at sea, and he never before heard it doubted that coast included the shoals; he considered everything as coast where a ship might be stranded. WILLIAMS, one of the pilots, also said that he considered the coast to extend some miles from the land. Mr. PURCELL being asked by the Judge, from whence he would compute a marine league, replied, from the outermost shoal of the bar.
Mr. GALLARD followed Mr. SMITH, agreeing with him that the government had wisely left the question open, and the jurisdiction undefined. He argued, that the doctrine laid down by writers, respecting cannon shot, as interpreted by the other side, was absurd, for, in fact, cannon shot at the distance of a marine league, was ineffective to protect; nothing more could be inferred from that dictum of the writers, than that a belligerent could not take a prize under the protection of a neutral fortress, but it did not confine the protection neutral jurisdiction merely to cannon shot. Besides, it was not confined to cannon shot from a fortress on land, protection might be given by gun-boats stationed off our bar; most of the writers say, within the limits of protection; that protection may vary according to the nature of the coast, and the shoals of the water; our bar and harbour can't possibly be protected by land batteries, gun-boats will be the only effectual protection. If the court now compute the distance from land, under the authority of Vattel, respecting cannon shot, a new doctrine must be established with a new mode of protection.
The ATTORNEY-GENERAL closed, on the same side, with many learned observations on the construction of statutes—a word of clear import cannot be defined by one of ambiguous signification; the word shore was certainly not intended by Congress to be defined by the word coast—these words are not synonymous, if they were one only would have been used: Why did Congress use both?—Because of different import—shore means the land to low water mark; coast, the shoals along the margin of the shore to the high sea.
The Elections in New-Hampshire, Massachusetts and New-York for state officers have
Mr. DRAYTON replied. He was flopped by the Judge, from answering the arguments derived from the law of nations and the correspondence, and confined to the act of Congress. From this he argued that the land nearest the place of capture was clearly meant by the words coasts or shores, which are synonymous, referring to the authorities before mentioned, and to common understanding and acceptations. The arguments were closed on Friday last, and on Monday, his honor Judge BEE gave his decree.
He stated the circumstances of the case, and the plea in bar to the jurisdiction, viz. "the capture not having been made within a marine league of the shore of the United States." This, he said, was the only point before the Court; and the only guide by which he was to be governed, was the act of Congress; as to the law of nations it did not apply, as the act was to govern; and as to the correspondence, it was all prior to the passing of the law. It had been said by the council for the libellant, that this was a great & important question, & that it was the first time the subject had come before an American Tribunal. He acknowledged that it was a question of very considerable magnitude, & highly interesting to us as a neutral power; it was for that reason he had allowed them a full range, and to throw every possible light on the question, and he confessed that they had argued it with great ability and ingenuity; but after all, the act of Congress was the only source from which he was to derive the true limits of our territorial jurisdiction over the sea; this was fixed at a marine league from our coasts or shores. In this case he had been enabled, by the testimony of the pilots and an inspection of the charts, to locate with precision the place of capture, namely, in six fathoms water, outside the Rattlesnake; hence it was evident that the south end of Sullivan's Island was the nearest land, consequently the capture was made near six miles from the shore. Had there been any uncertainty as to the distance, he would willingly have adopted the rule laid down by Sir W. Scott, in the case quoted of the Gerodera v. Roxbin, and would not have fought the exact measurement with an unfavourable minutiae; but from the peculiar circumstances of the case, would rather have been disposed to have calculated the distance liberally. But the spot is here ascertained beyond a doubt, and is near six miles from the nearest land: the act confines our jurisdiction to a marine league, but a question has arisen on the meaning of the word coasts, and several witnesses have been produced, and a great deal of ingenuity displayed to show that the term coasts, includes all the shoals to a certain distance; in a maritime point of view this might be correct, but this construction would be too vague for any court to adopt; for as the shoals vary along the coast, there would be no fixed rule by which to be governed, it would be impossible to fix a boundary; and the different District courts of the U. States, would be obliged to apply various distances to the terms of the act; much uncertainty and confusion would result from such an interpretation, the distance would vary with every shoal. Admit that the United States is the only nation which has thus, by law, fixed its jurisdiction—but it is not for me to question the policy of the act; it is now the law of the land, & the rule of my decision. The distres of the Corvette will not affect the question...she might, while in greater distress, have been lawfully captured on the high seas...there is nothing in treaty with France which gives a claim beyond the act of Congress. The 18th section is not relevant...it gives protection when sailing along the coast within our jurisdiction; a distinction was attempted, in comparing the act and the treaty, between the words jurisdiction and protection, but protection must refer to the jurisdiction, as fixed by law, within a marine league. As to the circumstance of the Corvette being at an anchor near the Bar, and having a pilot on board, undoubtedly they would have great influence, were there not a positive law, fixing the boundary. As the question is new and important, I have given it the maturest consideration, and am clearly of opinion that the word coasts cannot have such an operation as the council for the libellants have given it, but was intended to mean land as far as low water mark.
The plea in bar is therefore sustained and the Bill dismissed, but without costs, because it was the duty of the commercial agent of the French Republic, to bring the subject before the court.
On Thursday last, the 23d inst. the Federal Circuit Court in this city, at which his honor Judge Johnson presided, adjourned according to law.
During the sitting of the said court, two bills of indictment were found against Colin Mitchell, for enlisting Samuel Morris and John Rogerson, to serve on board the British privateer called the Experiment.
One other bill was found against Joseph Swain, charging him with assisting in augmenting and increasing the force of the British privateer called the Experiment.
On the first indictment the defendant, Colin Mitchell, plead guilty, and the court sentenced him to be imprisoned thirty days, and pay two fines of one hundred dollars each.
The indictment against Joseph Swain was transferred to the next Court.
[Charleston City Gaz.]
HARTFORD, (Connecticut) May 31.
AMENDMENT TO THE CONSTITUTION.
On Wednesday the 23d inst. the following Resolution was introduced into the House of Representatives of this state, by Mr. Spalding. "Whereas the eighth Congress of the United States, at their first session, begun and held at the City of Washington, in the Territory of Columbia, on Monday the 17th day of October, 1803, two thirds of both houses concurring, passed a Resolution proposing an amendment to the constitution of the United States, which resolution is in the following words, viz. [Here follows the Resolution as passed by both houses of Congress, which was published in our paper of the 19th January last.]
Resolved, That the said amendment be ratified on the part of this state, to be valid to all intents and purposes as a part of the Constitution of the United States, when ratified by the Legislatures of three fourths of the several States."
On the reading of which a debate ensued and continued about two hours—The consideration of the Resolution was then postponed to the next day in the afternoon, when a very animated debate arose which lasted five hours—immediately after which the question on the resolution was taken by yeas and nays—yeas 77—nays 115.—Every republican member who was present voted in favour of the resolution, but not one federalist. By referring to the roll of the House of Representatives in our last paper, any person may find how the votes stood, as all the republicans are designated with a star. Mr. Howell, of Colebrook, a republican, was absent by reason of ill health.
The Elections in New-Hampshire, Massachusetts and New-York for state officers have
NEW-HAMPSHIRE ELECTION.
This state is divided into 12 Senatorial districts, each of which chooses one senator—it is now ascertained that 6 republican senators are chosen, 5 federal, and in one district there has been no choice.*
The whole number of votes for senators, (exclusive of scattering) were 19,449, of which the republican candidates had 10,208—and the federal 9,238—leaving consequently a republican majority of 970 votes. If this be not proof sufficient, that the major part of the inhabitants of the state are republican, we beg our readers to pursue the investigation still farther, and for this purpose to examine the following statement of Representatives chosen.
Table with 3 columns: Counties, Republican, Federal. Rows: Rockingham (31, 10), Grafton (6, 10), Strafford (11, 14), Hillsborough (22, 18), Cheshire (14, 17), Total (84, 64). Bottom row: Republican majority 20.
Representatives whose political principles are not fully ascertained, 14.
[New-Hampshire Gaz.]
* This vacancy will be supplied by the joint vote of the Senate and House of Representatives.
The election of Governor is not yet decided on. The votes are sealed, and laid before the legislature on the first day of their session in June, when they will be sorted and counted. The result will soon be known to us. Should no one candidate have a majority of all the votes, the choice will devolve upon the house of Representatives.
MASSACHUSETTS.
The General Court or Legislative Assembly met at Boston May 30. On choosing the speaker 235 members were present, of which 118 were necessary to a choice.
Table with 2 columns: Name, Votes. Rows: H. G. OTIS (Fed.) 129, PERCY MORTON (Repub.) 103, Federal majority 26, Scattering 3, Last year Mr. Otis had 124, Mr. Morton 73, Federal majority 51.
The district of Maine, which is attached to Massachusetts, appears to have changed in a certain degree its political character. The Republican paper says, that SULLIVAN (Repub.) has 6440, STRONG (Fed.) 6376.
Table with 2 columns: Name, Votes. Rows: Republican majority 64, A Federal paper says that Strong has a majority of 385, In 1804, STRONG had 5752, GERRY 1871.
So that according to the Federal statement, the Federalists have lost 4496, and the Republicans have gained 4560 votes since the last year's election in the District of Maine. This calculation is obviously founded on the idea that these votes express the political opinions of the voters.
NEW-YORK ELECTION.
From our best calculations we find that the legislature of this state, recently chosen, consists of 87 republicans, 11 federalists (in Richmond, Columbia, Albany, Ontario and Genessee counties) and 2 Burrites (in Delaware county) Eight new members of the senate, all republicans, having been elected in the room of 6 republicans and 2 federalists, that house now contains 28 republican and 4 federal members; and as these last 4 go out next year, after the election of 1805 there will not be a federal member in the senate of New-York.
[Bee.]
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.
On Monday, the annual election for members of the City Council of Washington was held. Out of 9 members for the First Chamber, 8 Republicans were chosen, who had been on the Republican ticket. Out of the nine members, who compose the Second Chamber, the like number of Republicans was chosen.
Captain Blagge, of the ship Pyomino, from Leghorn, informs us, that four Neapolitan frigates and a ship of 74 guns sailed from Naples on the 20th March, to blockade the port of Tunis. It was supposed that they were to join the American squadron under Commodore Preble, who had four bomb-ketches at Syracuse ready to be employed. The Commodore had applied to the king of Naples, on the part of the Government of the United States, for the loan of 25 gun-boats, which had been acceded to; and these, with the four bomb-ketches before mentioned, were designed to act against the Tripolitans, who had only two cruisers out, a brig and a schooner, both of which were up the Archipelago.
[MER. ADV.]
The Governor of the state of New-York, has notified the members of the Council of Appointment to meet at Albany on Saturday the 30th inst., on business essential to the welfare of the state.
[Ibid.]
After the 30th inst. all goods, wares and merchandise, imported in American vessels, pay an additional duty of 2 1-2 per cent. ad valorem.
All the convicts that effected their escape from the state-prison in New-York have been apprehended, excepting William Griswold.
We deem it proper to notice the establishment of a light on the Bodkin Island, at the entrance of the river Penaplico, which was first exhibited on the 20th ult. Much is said as to its utility; and we hope the enterprising individual who originated and superintends this light, for the convenience and safety of our shipping, will meet with a support adequate to the advantages which may be derived from his exertions.
[Balt. Paper.]
There are nine vessels lying at Louiville falls of the Ohio, unable to descend for want of water; the smallest about 100 tons.
Alex. Exp.
Extract of a letter from Commodore Preble, dated on board the Constitution at Syracuse, March 19, 1804.
"I have this moment received intelligence from a gentleman just arrived from Tunis, that the Bey of that regency is equipping his whole naval force with the utmost expedition; and it is whispered that his object is the American commerce. From various circumstances, I believe there is much truth in the conjecture.—Three of their frigates, from 24 to 32 guns are now fitting out at Malta; one frigate of 32 guns, and a number of smaller vessels, are getting ready at Tunis."
Commodore Preble further observes, that he intends to collect all the forces off Tripoli, and proceed off Tunis to learn the cause.
The ship Hazen, Barker, arrived at Boston from Barbadoes, was brought to on the 12th ult. by a French privateer, and the boat ordered on board. The chief mate of the Hazen went on board the privateer's hold. The capt. of the Privateer then went on board the Hazen, with some of his own men, abused capt. Barker, and compelled him to go on board a privateer. The freebooters then flogged the 2d mate of the Hazen, and all hands left on board, and drove them with swords and knives into the forecastle, and then the villains began to plunder the vessel. They stole off the live stock and cabin force; and then, after a detention of four hours, suffered the ship to proceed. The privateer had two prize brigs with her.
Extract of a letter from Georgetown, Patowmack, dated May 25.
"There happened on Tuesday evening, about 6 o'clock, a most tremendous hail storm, on the Patapaco. It was about 4 miles in width, and took the direction of the river towards the east. On Thursday morning we crossed the Patapaco, and I took from a bucket which was filled, six or eight stones, each of which was of the size of a walnut, and although the day was extremely warm, I carried them twenty-two miles, and then they served to cool a glass of water. I was credibly informed at the ferry, that one of the stones measured 8 inches in circumference. Dogs, sheep, &c. were killed, and one man was very much injured—the trees stripped of their leaves as in January—torn up by the roots or twisted off at half their height."
HURRICANE.—The late Hurricane which was so far near Baltimore, has done extensive injury in New Jersey. A Morrisown paper of the 25th ult. says—
"We learn that about 6 miles from this place, in the direction of Baskenridge, much damage was sustained by the violence of the tempest. On Tuesday evening last the wind blew in a western direction, and for the extent of half a mile with devastation almost every thing before it; fences, buildings, orchards, and trees of various descriptions submitted to its power. A more violent storm of wind and rain, we are told, has never been known in that part of the country."
At Belleville, the Hurricane acted with great violence: Trees of considerable size were torn up by the roots, fences prostrated, buildings shattered, others moved from their foundation, and some entirely demolished. The brick wall of the Dutch Church on the fourth end was forced in, the roof taken off, and the steeple blown down. Judge Hornblower had his house much injured, his barn destroyed, great damage done his farm; and his wife had her leg broke, by being precipitated down a pair of stairs by the fury of the wind.
In Greenwich township, Sussex county, many of their fruit orchards were entirely destroyed, and much other damage done.
In some parts of Pennsylvania and Maryland, large quantities of hail, of an uncommon size, fell, and did great injury to buildings, trees, grain, &c.
PLEMINGTON, May 26, 1804.
On the 22d inst. this village was visited by a Tornado or Whirlwind, exceeding in violence any thing of the like nature within the recollection of the oldest inhabitants. The day had been warm and sultry, and the sun several times obscured by intervening clouds, portending rain. About 5 P. M. a slight shower was experienced, an hour after which the western horizon was overspread by a thick cloud rising in the manner of a thunder gust. Before the cloud a column of thick vapour, very black, extending from the earth to the height of about forty feet, and advancing rapidly in the direction of this place was discovered by several inhabitants. This column, according to the description of those who saw it, was in the form of a water-spout, being expanded at the top—the vapour issuing from the mouth—rising and curling in—unfolding and closing in the most violent and agitated manner. A deep heavy sound accompanied the phenomenon resembling the noise of distant thunder and the roaring of a mighty wind. The earth fairly trembled with its violence and many apprehended an earth-quake from the shaking of the houses, though at considerable distances from the vortex of the whirlwind. An universal dread of consequences the most disastrous seized the minds of the inhabitants—and the stoutest heart was appalled by the awful scene that presented itself to eye. Within the vortex of the wind a total darkness pervaded, and those involved in it, could perceive no object at a distance.
The Tornado passed through the centre of the village, taking in its course the Dwelling house and other buildings of Mr. Alexander Bonnell, inn-keeper, the barn of Mr. Geary, that of Judge Reading—the carriage-house and barn of Mr. George C. Maxwell and the back piazza and shed of Mr. Samuel Taylor, inn-keeper.
The greatest loss, by this disaster, was experienced by Mr. Bonnell; his stable, upwards of sixty feet in length was completely torn to pieces—the weatherboarding severed from the frame, broken and strewed in every direction—the frame entirely separated, the timber broken and carried to a considerable distance, and the building, in short, reduced to a perfect wreck. The dwelling house next came in its course, taking off one half the roof and the ceiling of the upper story on the western side and about three quarters of the roof on the front, or eastern side. The southern chimney was levelled with the ceiling of the upper story, and the northern cut off even with the roof and carried on to the roof of the kitchen, through which part of the bricks passed. Part of the roof of the dwelling-house was carried to the distance of three quarters of a mile, and the ceiling and joist of the back rooms of the upper story carried off and dispersed in like manner. Curtains, bedcloaths, &c. were hurled out and carried to a great distance, some of which have not yet been recovered. The shed standing between the dwelling-house and stable shared the same fate with the stable, and was entirely demolished. A new barn belonging to Mr. Bonnell, standing south of the stable, was twisted half way round, while a small building standing between it and the stable was unscathed by the wind. A wagon before the shed was torn to pieces, the axle-tree broken, and the hub of one of the wheels driven into the earth so that it was buried up to the spokes. Thro' one of the windows of a back chamber of the dwelling-house an unknown substance was forced, breaking the intersection of the sash, and passing in an oblique direction through the upper ceiling of the room and out through the roof, with a force apparently equal to that of a cannon ball.
The back piazza of Mr. Taylor was torn off and destroyed—his shed partly unroofed. The barn of Mr. Geary was unroofed, and of Judge Reading entirely demolished. Mr. Maxwell's barn unroofed & otherwise greatly damaged, and his carriage-house also unroofed and moved from its foundation. Trees, fences, &c. &c. in the course of the wind, torn up by the roots twisted off at the butt and levelled with the ground, exhibit striking evidences of the power and violence of the tornado.
It is a remarkable instance of the interposing mercy of a kind Providence, that no human being experienced injury where so many lives were in such imminent danger. The whole family of Mr. Bonnell were collected in one room, and that room was the only one in the house which was uninjured by the falling timber, bricks, &c. His negro man was in the barn which was removed from its foundation. Finding it going, he precipitately left it, and was hurried by the wind into a neighbouring field with such violence, as to destroy his recollection of the means by which he was carried thence. It is remarkable that two horses which were in the stable escaped uninjured—part of the frame falling in such a manner as to cover them from the ruin.
The whirlwind took across a piece of wood to the eastward of the village about one mile distant, twisting off the largest trees at the butt, and tearing others up by the roots. It still retained its form and appearance, and was observed to break on a neighbouring hill, and the vapour to disperse and dissipate in a moment.
The damage done in this village cannot be less than

after hundred or two thousand dollars. The principal loss sustained by Mr. Bonnell. His dwelling-house, besides being divided of three parts of its roof and one half the upper ceiling of the second story, is very much shattered—the windows broke and several holes beaten through the sides of the building both in the upper and lower rooms. Such was the uproar occasioned by the tornado, that the family of Mr. Bonnell were unconscious of the damage of their house till attracted out of doors by the servants, after the wind had passed off. About fifteen minutes after the whirlwind, the thunder-gust followed, attended with a gale of wind, which seemed to encircle as the cloud rose. Many of the inhabitants sought refuge in the Court-house, apprehensive of the violence of the wind; but no material damage was sustained from this storm in the vicinity, except the levelling of fences and the blowing down of trees. This gust, by accounts from a distance, appears to have been very extensive, and effected much damage to fences, forest trees, orchards, &c. A melancholy accident occurred in this storm a few miles south-west of Flemington. The wife of Mr. John Bowers, in company with her two sisters, was caught out in the gale—they sought shelter under a tree from which they were driven by the apprehension of its falling, which was indeed the case; but before Mrs. Bowers could make her escape a limb struck her on the head and put a period to her existence. What renders this accident still more affecting, this unfortunate woman had been married but a few days before—Such is the frail tenure of mortal existence:— "In the midst of life we are in death."
Miscellaneous. FOR THE ENQUIRER.
NO. I. DURING several years the Public Printer, and the salary annexed to his office, have occupied much of the time of the Legislature, and much of the attention of the community at large. It is somewhat singular that a subject, apparently of so little importance, should have excited such general and durable interest. I will endeavour to explain the cause.
The existence of this office is, I believe, nearly coeval with the establishment of our republic. Printer after printer was elected in succession; and when the annual ceremony of nomination and election was over, nobody thought anything more of the paltry affair. But the political fever which raged in '98 and '99, extended its contagious influence even to this little business. There were, at that time, I believe, four newspapers in Richmond: The Virginia Gazette, The Virginia Argus, The Virginia Federalist, and The Observatory. These were divided between parties; two of them were federalists, and two republicans. But the printer of the Virginia Gazette was also public printer. He was, therefore, less violent in his politics than the editor of the Virginia Federalist; for a majority of his masters (the Virginia Legislature) were decidedly republican. But then he also held the federal office of Post-Master; and this, in some measure, counter-balanced the influence which the office of public printer, it is presumed, would otherwise have had. Thus this gentleman, (no offence is certainly intended by the comparison) was like the unfortunate animal between two bundles of hay. The proprietor of this paper was no writer; he was entirely indebted to occasional correspondents, for his original matter.
The Virginia Argus was never a federal print; but its political character was supposed to be less decided than that of the Observatory. The proprietors of these last mentioned papers were neither of them in the habit of preparing original pieces for their prints. The editor of the Virginia Federalist was a man of some talents. He wrote with facility, and sometimes with beauty. He had been "every thing by turns, and nothing long"; but at last he settled down into confirmed federalism, and became the editor of a violent party paper. He did not think proper, however, to avow this, because he was at the same time Clerk to the House of Delegates of this state. Such was the situation of the Richmond press, at the trying period of '98. It became, then, extremely desirable, to establish a paper in Richmond, the editor of which should have talents to enforce, and energy to defend, the principles of republicanism. Mr. Meriwether Jones, at that time a member of the Executive Council of State, now Commissioner of Loans for Virginia, undertook this laborious and perilous task. He formed a partnership with Captain Dixon, the proprietor of the Observatory, a short time before the session of the Virginia Legislature in '98. When the election came on for public printer, he opposed Mr. Davis, and was elected by a large majority, on the first ballot. The paper which this gentleman established was called the Examiner. The character of this paper is sufficiently known. From the moment of Mr. Jones's election to his recent resignation, unceasing efforts have been made to injure and ruin him, as an editor and a man. They imagined that the most effectual method to accomplish this, would be to deprive him of the public printer's business; or at least to lessen his salary. But the affair had commanded very little of the public attention, until Callender's attack on the Editor of the Examiner. Then it was that the subtlety and ingenuity of that ill-fated man, made an impression on the minds of many persons, which it has been very difficult to efface. Then it was that the federalists, and pseudo-republicans seized "the glorious golden opportunity" to revenge themselves upon the editor of a political paper which had so often made them smart and shudder by turns. Then it was that those very men, who had voted for raising the public printer's salary, while Mr. Davis held the office, shifted their ground, and voted for reducing it, because a man, against whom they entertained a prejudice, was in possession of it. This fact stands recorded upon the Journals of the House of Delegates of 1797 and 1803. And if any person entertains the smallest doubt upon the subject, the names of such members as voted so inconsistently, shall appear in the papers. Then it was, finally, that at each succeeding session of Assembly, more money was expended in debating on the propriety of reducing the salary, than the salary amounted to. But it is needless to enlarge upon this subject. It is sufficient if I have succeeded in briefly stating the reasons why the public-printer's salary, has produced murmurs among the people, and a ludicrous and shameful waste of time and money by the Legislature. But it is an ill-wind, says the old proverb, that blows nobody any good. Perhaps the investigation into the public-printer's salary, or rather the attack on the editor of the Examiner, may at length terminate in an advantageous result to the public.
Doctor Adams is not in the Legislature, but I call, in the presence of the people upon Thomas H. Wooding of Pittsylvania; upon Mr. Sheffey, now of the Senate, who tries the executive, in what was ironically termed, the republican crucible (economy); and upon all those wily saving gentlemen, who have spent weeks, and thousands of dollars of their constituents' hard earned money, in making motions about the public printer's salary, now to adopt a plan which will be a more effectual saving of expense, than any reduction which has ever been contemplated. It is a plan too, upon which either a federalist or a republican, may form an opinion.
on, without experiencing the slightest bias to his judgment, by party prejudices. I may therefore calculate upon a patient hearing, & an impartial decision. I PROPOSE TO BRING THE OFFICE OF PUBLIC PRINTER.
ALCIBIADES. FROM THE AMERICAN DAILY ADVERTISER. MR. POULSON. THE following information may perhaps be of service to such of your subscribers as have not cool and dry cellars to preserve their meat and other provisions, and the hint perhaps offers an opportunity to those, who have leisure and talents, of improving it to great public advantage.
A joint of meat or any provision suspended in a flannel bag will keep sweeter a considerable time longer than by any of the modes generally practised. The cooler and drier the meat is when the flannel is put round the better, and it will occur to any thinking mind, that the flannel should be perfectly clean. A flannel bag with a bowl or plate in it, is also the best mode of conveying butter from, or perhaps to market, and if the bowl or plate is made of wood the better. A stronger proof cannot be given of the truth of the above, than that ice wrapped in flannel will keep a considerable time, whereas if exposed to the air and wrapped in linen, it will dissolve almost immediately.
The following curious receipt for curing fresh provisions to carry abroad, has been tried by a gentleman who has twice made the experiment in a voyage to Archangel, and one to the West-Indies. Let the meat, whether beef or mutton, be fresh killed, and when hung till it is perfectly cold, let it be cut in quarters, lay each one a block and sprinkle it over with ingredients prepared in the following manner, lignum vitae fine chips one pound, common salt 4 ounces, coarse sugar four ounces, salt-petrel half an ounce; when it has been well sprinkled, inclose the whole in sheet lead; which done lay it in a chest and as each lot is laid in, cover it with fresh saw-dust; ram it well down and cover the whole close. Meat, (particularly fine fat beef has been) as fresh so prepared, six weeks or two months after sailing from England: the beef must be in fine order, and when taken out for dressing, (it roasts best,) it should be wiped and scraped clean, and put down to the fire as quick as possible. [Philad. Paper.]
DR. PRIESTLY.—A London paper copies from the American prints the account of that gentleman's death, and adds in a note, that owing to an unforeseen event, the Doctor had lately realized a loss of 2000. sterling per annum, which the zeal and liberality of his friends had amply made up, for a week before the news of his death—a particular friend wrote to him respecting it, desiring him to draw on him for 4000. sterling per annum, which he might rely on, for the remainder of his life.
Irish Giant!—Lately the remains of the largest person ever known in Ireland, at least since the days of Phil Macoul, the famous Irish Giant, were interred in the Church yard of Rosemount, in the Queen's county. The coffin with its contents, weighed fifty-two stone, which amounts exactly to six hundred. It was borne on a very long bier, by thirty strong men, who were relieved at intervals. The name of this extraordinary person is said to have been Roger Byrne, who lived at or near Burros, in Ossory, and is reported to have died of no other disease, but a suffocation, occasioned by an extremity of fat that stopped the play of the lungs, and put a period to his life, in the 54th year of his age. He was thirteen stone heavier than the noted Bright, of Maldon, whose weight was inclosed seven large men. Byrne was a married man, and it is remarkable his widow is a very small woman, by whom he has left four boys. [London Paper.]
A new vegetable salt, containing a new acid, has been discovered by Klaproth; it consists of a saline mass, exuded from the trunk of the white mulberry, (morus alba, L.) on the surface of the bark; it has the appearance of a coating, in little granulous drops of a yellowish and blackish brown.
NEW INVENTION. An invention, that promises to be of infinite utility to shipping, has lately occupied the attention of the Board at Woolwich.—A plan has been presented by a Gentleman, well acquainted with the subject, for throwing a grapple or kedge anchor and hawser a considerable distance off, from the mouth of a 12-pounder. The general opinion of the Officers of the Board is, that it will succeed. The whole apparatus for trying the experiment has been ordered to be got ready, and the effect will shortly be produced.
ENQUIRER. RICHMOND: WEDNESDAY, JUNE 13, 1804.
The last number of this paper contained a letter from Thomas Cooper in Northumberland (Pa.) on the salt mountain of Louisiana. He quoted two passages from the 7th chapter of the 31st Book of Pliny's Natural History. Two or three errors had been detected in the northern paper from which the letter was taken, and corrected for the Enquirer. Other errors were observed, but they were too gross to be detected, and hence, they were published in this, exactly as they appeared in the northern paper. A venerable citizen, who having in vain attempted to make sense of these passages as they appeared in the paper, had referred to the volume of Pliny itself, was obliging enough to call at the office the next morning, and put into the hands of the Editor the following correct quotations from the original work.
"Sunt et montes nativi salis, ut in Indis Oromenus, in quo lapidinarum modo ceditur renascens; majusque regum veigial ex eo eff quam ex auro atque margaritis." "Africa circa Uticam confertit acervos salis ad collum speciem; qui, ubi sole lunaeque induruerunt, nullo liquore liquefcent, vixque etiam ferro cæduntur."
These passages may be thus translated—"There are also mountains of native salt, such as mount Oromenus in the Indies; where the salt as it is reproduced assumes the same form, in which it is cut by the lapidaries. It supplies the kings with a greater revenue than they draw from their gold and precious stones." "In the neighbourhood of Utica a town of Africa, several heaps of salt are accumulated, which assume the appearance of little hills. When the influence of the sun and moon has begun to harden them, they become insoluble under any degree of moisture, and almost solid enough to resist the force of iron."
The reader will find in the preceding columns a more particular description of the late troubles in St. Domingo. This is perhaps the last time that the Editor of this paper will touch on the affairs of that ill-fated Island. He can recollect one topic only which may induce him to depart from this resolution. Should any event take place which actually does, or probably may change, the commercial relations of this country and our own, he may perhaps conceive it to be his duty to communicate it to the public. He will not publish the Proclamation of Defenses as he promised in the last number. He hopes that no Virginian, nor any inhabitant of the Southern States, would demand a reason. The
most obvious policy requires that the public curiosity should find its gratification in any other source than a Newspaper.
This day's paper contains one of the two numbers which are designed to draw the public attention to a subject of some importance to the State. The Editor will dismiss this Essay with two remarks—1st. He is not the author of ALCIBIADES. 2d. He will be happy to give currency to any other Essay which may oppose or confirm the reasoning of this author if it be expressed in a moderate and candid style. The Editor should not have done justice to his own feelings, if he had said less. Propriety evidently prevents him from saying more.
COMMUNICATED FOR THE ENQUIRER. The Vindication of Virginia.
NO. I.
THE political affairs of this country had approached a great crisis in the year 1800. The two parties who had adopted such different modes of interpreting the constitution, and of exercising the powers which were expressly given, clearly foresaw that the period of a great triumph or defeat was rapidly advancing. The election of the first magistrate in our country was about to determine whether the federalists, who wished to strengthen the federal government by lessening the power of the states and liberties of the people, should continue to direct the administration of affairs; or whether the republicans, who viewed with suspicious vigilance the gradual encroachments of the general government upon the rights of the states or of individuals, should introduce a new and more liberal policy. The 4th of March at length arrived, and Mr. Jefferson was elevated to the high office of President of the United States.
Conquerors have not always the good fortune to enjoy their triumph with that graceful moderation, which soothes the disappointment and conciliates the esteem even of their opponents; nor are the vanquished always able to preserve that commanding fortitude in the midst of their misfortunes, which is sometimes sufficient to reflect an honor upon defeat itself. The joy of the Republicans was certainly as great as their fears had been violent. When they saw in Mr. Adams's administration the ruin of their own schemes, and as they believed the ruin of their country, they could have felt no common exultation at escaping from this system to take refuge under the Republican administration of Mr. Jefferson. The cordial congratulations to which this event gave birth, might have naturally flowed from their own elevated feelings, but they were little suited to the wounded feelings of the opposite party. They saw in those symptoms of the public joy, the downfall of their own system, and the triumphs of an ungenerous enemy. Their disappointment was not, however, so great, as to exclude every hope of raising their fallen fortunes. They have not despaired of recovering from the same blow which had once threatened the complete destruction of their opponents. They have tried every method to weaken the confidence of the people in the administration of Mr. Jefferson. They have scrupulously lifted every public measure in the vain hope of finding some dangerous oversight. They have defended into the recesses of his private conduct, with the expectation of finding those faults in the man which they had in vain attempted to detect in the public officer. But all their exertions have proved abortive. By attempting to detract from the merit of the President, they have only drawn forth more powerful friends to defend him. Their desire to shew how much they have disliked his administration has ended only in shewing him how much he is beloved by his grateful countrymen. An experience of more than three years has evidently demonstrated how much he was worthy of the confidence which the people had reposed in him. Scarce a single friend has deserted his cause; while numbers of his former enemies have honourably acknowledged their mistake by enlisting under his banners.
Some of the Federalists in the northern states, where they have always had the greatest influence, have now materially changed their policy. A desperate cause has put them upon expedients not less desperate. Unable to accomplish their objects by combining with their brethren in the southern states, they have resolved to pursue the old tyrannical maxim, and conquer by dividing. Instead of those general distinctions which arise from different political systems, and which might equally embrace the scattered inhabitants of all the different states, they now wish to introduce a new set of interests, which take their character from geographical boundaries. Instead of the old distinction of Federalist and Republican, they are anxious to bring about a northern and a southern interest, a northern & a southern party. The federalists of the southern states are not surely under many obligations to them, for this false defection of their common cause. They cannot but perceive that in this great desire to provide for their own safety, they have meanly consented to leave in the hands of their enemy those very allies, who had adhered to them in so many struggles, and had generously partaken of all their losses and defeats.
Yet these men have wished to make their countrymen believe that they themselves are not the founders of this new distinction; that they do not wish to have a northern interest distinct from a southern one. They pretend that the southern states have already formed an interest of their own; and that the only attempt which they are anxious to make, is to shew their unthinking countrymen, how far this influence extends in the administration of the general government. Their zeal to create a division of interest appears thus to be nothing more than a rational fear, lest the northern states should be trampled on by a party which the southern states have already formed. These men have appealed to every passion which could assist the operation of this fear, in weaving the affections of the northern people from the southern inhabitants. They have demanded, whether their patriotism would suffer their country to remain under the dominion of the south. They have attempted to excite their jealousy, by drawing before them the figure of a despotic rival. The manners of the southern people have been described in colours calculated to provoke their contempt.
These passions have been particularly directed against the state of Virginia. The history of the American government has been ransacked for proofs of her selfish spirit and her grasping ambition. They have represented her sons as cowards in time of war, and usurpers in the period of peace. Her doubts on adopting the constitution, her insisting upon subsequent amendments, the additional representation which she derives from her negroes, her opposing the administration of Gen. Washington and Mr. Adams have been considered as so many proofs of a selfish and discontented temper. The repeal of the internal duties since Mr. Jefferson became President, while the impost they pay, continues to fall upon the northern states; the acquisition of Louisiana, and the late amendment to the constitution, have been made use of to prove not only that this southern
interest has lost none of its force, but that it now precludes in the administration of the government. It would have been unnecessary to have taken notice of these charges, had they been confined to a small number of northern Federalists. They have however crept into the high-toned prints of Boston, New-York, Philadelphia, and other northern towns. They have even received the sanction of the most distinguished Federalists of Boston, who having met together to the number of one hundred and eighty, to give a dinner to Mr. Gore, gave as one of their set toasts: "May the dominion of Virginia be limited by the constitution, or at least by the Delaware."
Who knows but that this unfounded discontent has pervaded many of the respectable inhabitants of the northern States? Who knows how far this discontent may contribute to a separation of the states, unless its progress should be arrested in time? Some of the other papers of the Union have already attempted to remove these unfounded discontent and these ungenerous suspicions. To assist them in the attainment of this liberal object, I will attempt to shew in a few short essays, that the principal complaints which have been made against Virginia, have sprung rather from an envious policy of party-spirit, than from an enlightened view of our political history.
A VIRGINIAN. Extract of a letter from a respectable Virginian, to his friend in this state, dated PARIS, March 2d, 1804.
"My friends do not allow the distance between us to cause them to forget me: their letters and the newspapers present to me every thing that is interesting, which passes among you. I have seen, not with the smallest degree of disappointment, the puerile efforts made to defeat the important result of Mr. Monroe's mission. This, like every other attempt made to detract from the merit of the present administration, will have the effect we desire. It will expose more completely the criminal views of the opposition, and fix more firmly in the confidence of the people the illustrious citizens who are doing so much for their country's welfare. When I compare the simplicity of our state of society, and the perfect freedom enjoyed in every department of life, with what is passing before me here, I cannot, without taking the very worst view of human nature, account for the causes which maintain any discontent against our enlightened system of representative government. I was pleased to see the compliment paid by the President to the rulers of this nation. It is strictly true when used in reference to the other powers of Europe. There is not one individual near this government who is not distinguished for his talents. It is true, some of them are distinguished by other properties: but as they are mere ministers, without a controlling influence over the singular man who is at their head, their council is made the best use of. He treats them as agents, and not as joint labourers in the same field. His active mind penetrates into every transaction of the government. Every hour of his life is devoted to the public service, according to his own view of it. He has no feeling or passion that is not swallowed up in the single one of ambition. But his life is in perpetual danger from the assassin. While I am writing this, the remains of a deep laid plot against him, are unfolded by the police. The only persons whose names we had heard of in America, who are implicated in this business, are in Europe and Pichegru. The former has been in prison about four weeks past; the latter was apprehended only a few days ago. There is nothing Jacobinical in this scheme: it is entirely royal, and originates in a desperate hope of placing the Bourbons once more in power. There is no reason to believe that any other power but England is concerned in this attempt. The result, however desirous they certainly are for the ruin of Bonaparte, respect their own situations too much to appear openly engaged in the attempt. England, protected perhaps by her insular situation, is alone rash enough to enter the lists. You will ask, why should the governments of Europe be unfriendly to Bonaparte, since his certainly is to liberty? The difference between them, however, is very great. The government of France is a simple despotism supposed to be dependant upon the life of one man. The Kings of Europe see nothing of the hereditary character in it. The nobility are swept off the stage, and the priesthood certainly playing the last scene. Those who manage public affairs here, have no ancestry to boast of; and but for the small portion of representative government which preceded the first movements of the revolution, they never would have been heard of. The affairs of France are better managed than those of any other nation in Europe. The kings do not wish that the people should understand that their affairs can be conducted by any but those who are born for that purpose. Besides they see the increasing power of France and her internal prosperity. Upon entering into the present war, she added 200,000 men to her military establishment, and took off 10,000,000 of livres from her annual taxes. Their national debt is very trifling, and from it she feels no incumbrance. The powers of Europe dread the progress which this nation, under these circumstances, promises to make under the direction of such talents and decision as at present govern. A change of any sort would give the chance of seeing France under rulers more weak, and less capable of keeping up that influence and authority which the men in power at present give to this country. Tho' this is certainly the wish of Europe, I think it highly probable that England will have to make peace, as she made war, alone. The failure of the late conspiracy will have an opposite tendency from that which was expected. It will increase the authority of Bonaparte and hasten peace. Addresses from the armies and the various departments have been sent to him, expressing their joy for his escape, and their indignation at the attempt."
"Accounts from England give the information of the expected death of the king,* and of the decline of his affairs in the East-Indies.* Should these things be true, they will be additional reasons for peace. The king will live long enough to see his influence on the continent at an end, and his subjects at home overwhelmed with taxes, exceeding in amount every thing of which the history of nations affords any example."
"Mr. Volney has lately published a work in two volumes upon the United States. It is said to have much merit; a translation will soon reach America, the sheets having been regularly sent to London as they were struck off here."
"I hear from Mr. Monroe whenever a safe opportunity is presented to him.—He and his family have enjoyed good health since they have been in England."
"** The first of these events has been long since contradicted. The last is not only unsupported by, but contrary to facts. The British power in the East-Indies so far from declining, appears to increase with considerable rapidity.—The only nation in that part of the world which is strong enough to resist her power, is that of the Mahrattas; and they have within a few months met with several defeats, and lost some of their strong holds. This Aug's paper states, that two
of the principal towns in India have fallen into the hands of the English East-India Company. They appear also to be making preparations for a complete conquest of the island of Ceylon, which is separated from Coromandel (the eastern coast of Hindostan) by Palk's Straights, and famous for the vast quantities of Cinnamon which it produces. EDIT."
By Yesterday's Mail.
FORGED NOTES.
The circulation of COUNTERFEIT BANK NOTES has become lately so general, as to render it very alarming.—On Friday last a bundle of them, to the amount of about nine hundred dollars, was accidentally found by a negro boy concealed in the hollow of a rock, near Mr. McNeal's spring, in this town.—The boy was in pursuit of a squirrel, which ran into this hole, and in searching for it, chance placed his hand on this parcel of notes.—It may be considered a fortunate circumstance, that their circulation has thus been stopped by the direction which the squirrel took in his flight, and which was the means of leading to their discovery. They had no doubt been put there by some villain, who intended to deal them out by degrees, and probably elude detection.—The notes are now in the hands of one of the magistrates, and some of them are tolerably well executed.
In a Charleston paper of the 31st ult. we observe it stated that a man had been apprehended and committed to jail for having passed forged notes of the office of discount and deposit there, of the denomination of twenty dollars.—The notes found near this town, exactly correspond with those described in the Charleston paper.—The tens are marked with the letter D and the fives with the letter K.—They are drawn payable to the order of Adam Gilchrist; but not endorsed.—The paper is remarkably thin, and of an inferior quality. [Peterburg Intelligencer.]
A gentleman at St. Louis, on the Mississippi, writes to his friend in Pittsburg under date of May 5th, 1804, that Captain Lewis, who had been sent by the President of the United States to explore the newly acquired territory of Louisiana, was at that place, and intended leaving it in a few days on his return to the city of Washington, accompanied by twenty Indian Chiefs. The letter does not mention the distance Captain Lewis had been from that place, but we presume he was prevented from proceeding by the nations of Indians to whom the Chiefs belong that are accompanying him to visit the President. [Pittsburg Gazette.]
PHILADELPHIA, June 8.
Extract of a letter from an officer to his friend in this city, dated
TRENTON, Jan. 6, 1804. "Since my last, we have been closely confined, which makes our time very disagreeable. A few days past, at the instigation of our carpenter, 3 of the crew were put in the screws, and received 150 balladams each. He has not yet turned Turk, but I expect he will in a few days, as he has left the prison, and lives with our guard. Four of our crew have turned already. For this week past, the bawhaw's child, by a nigger wife, has been very ill with the croup, (as the doctors call it.)—He called on our doctor four days after the child's illness, when he pronounced it dangerously ill. The bawhaw immediately offered him his liberty provided he cured the child. It recovered, and is at present well; but not a word more said about the doctor's liberty. During the last two days, we have lost 10 of our crew."
RICHMOND PRICE CURRENT.
Table with 2 columns: Item, Price. Items include Tobacco, Wheat, Flour (Fine, Superfine), Corn, Hemp (clean), Iron, Bacon, Whiskey. Prices are listed in dollars and cents per unit.
ELLIS & ALLAN,
Have received from London, Liverpool and Bristol, A NEAT & VALUABLE ASSORTMENT OF SPRING GOODS.
"THE London Critical Review or Annals of Literature," from the year 1791 till 1803, bound in boards, 39 vols.—And 30 Numbers of "Ladies London Magazine." June 13. (S.W.)
At a Court of Appeals held at the Capitol in the city of Richmond, the 21st May, 1804.
ORDERED, that the following Rules be published in the Richmond Gazettes, for one month.
NOVEMBER 18th, 1803. RULE—In all cases whether of appeal, writ of error, or otherwise, the Court will proceed to a hearing at the term to which such case shall be returned or sent up, unless good cause shall be shewn to the contrary.
MAY 15th, 1804. RULE—A clear and concise state of the case of each party in an appeal, writ of error or supersedeas, from a decree of the high court of Chancery, or any District Court in Chancery, or from a judgment of the General Court, or any District Court in which a demurrer, special verdict, case agreed, demurrer to evidence, bill of exceptions, or point reserved, shall constitute a part of the record, or exhibits in the cause, with the points insisted on, signed by his counsel and printed, or fairly transcribed, the expense whereof shall be taxed in the bill of costs, shall, after the end of this present term be delivered to each Judge, time enough before the hearing of the cause, & that no error, either of fact or law, shall be pointed out, and insisted on in such statement, on the part of the plaintiff or appellant, shall be (without leave of the court) admitted as a ground for argument on the hearing of the cause, or for reversal of the decree or judgment sought to be reversed. And that all depositions and exhibits, accounts and articles intended to be relied upon or objected to in the argument, be particularly noticed in such State and recited, and a reference thereto in the official copy of the record in the cause made.
MAY 21st, 1804. RULE—That after the end of this present term, all causes depending in this Court, which shall be ready for hearing in pursuance of the rule of this court, made on the 15th day of this present month, shall, unless good cause be shewn to the contrary, be heard in the same order in which they stand on the docket.
TESTE, J. BROWN, c. c.
WANTED AT THE EAGLE TAVERN,
A YOUNG MAN, well qualified to act as BAR-KEEPER, one coming well recommended, will meet with liberal wages on application to ESME SMOCK.
RICHMOND, June 9th, 1804. 1249 4. 2.

Biographical Sketch of EDWARD GIBBON.
Extracted from the Memoirs of his own Life & writings.
HIS Family was originally of the County of Kent. In this County the Gibbons were land holders since the year 1326; and the elder branch of the family still adheres to its native soil. Mr. Edward Gibbon grandfather to the celebrated historian, was a considerable merchant, and in 1714, under the Tory administration of Queen Anne, was made a commissioner of the customs. In 1716 he was elected one of the Directors of the South Sea Company. His fortune was overwhelmed in 1720 in the shipwreck of the company; and he himself committed to custody. The extravagancy of his fine proclaimed him eminently guilty. His estate as confiscated by parliament amounted to L. 106,548: 5: 6. Out of this he was allowed L. 10,000. His skill and credit on this foundation soon reared him a fortune not far inferior to his former. He died in 1736, leaving behind him one son Edward, the father of the historian, and two daughters. Edward married the daughter of Mr. James Porter, an eminent merchant in London. Edward the subject of this sketch was born 27th April, 1737, the youngest, and only survivor of five brothers and one sister. He was remarkably weak and deformed when young; and perhaps his life was saved by the care and tenderness of his Aunt, Mrs. Catharine Porter, which he gratefully acknowledges. As soon as the use of speech had prepared his infant reason for the admission of knowledge, he was taught the arts of Reading, Writing and Arithmetic. After such previous instruction at home, he was put at the age of seven under the direction of Mr. John Kirby, with whom he continued about 18 months. He was after this sent, at the age of nine, to a Grammar School at Kingston upon Thames. At this place he continued near two years. By the common methods of discipline, at the expense of many years, and some blood, he acquired a knowledge of the Latin Syntax, and translated Cornelius Nepos, and Phaedrus's Fables. In 1747 on the death of his mother, he returned home, where he continued some time under the care and tuition of his aunt. By some unforeseen misfortune she was reduced to poverty. Her noble spirit scorned a life of obligation and dependence, and after revolving many schemes, she at last preferred the humble task of keeping a boarding house for Westminster school. With her Mr. Gibbon lived, and in 1749 was entered in the school, of which John Nicoll was master. His weakness and deformity induced his aunt to remove him in 1750 to Bath. His infirmities could not be reconciled to a life of study, and the discipline of a school; consequently his acquirements were few. It was generally thought he would be an illiterate cripple; till about the 16th year of his age nature displayed her energies in his favour; his constitution became fortified and fixed, and most of his complaints wonderfully removed.
His unexpected recovery again encouraged the hopes of his Education, and in 1752 he was placed under the care of Mr. Philip Francis, the celebrated translator of Horace, at Esher in Surrey. Mr. Francis, he soon discovered, preferred the pleasures of London to the instructions of his pupils. He was soon taken away, and without any previous preparation or delay was entered a gentleman commoner of Magdalen college at Oxford in 1752.
Previous to this period, free and defolatory reading was his favorite amusement. His indiscriminate appetite at length by degrees subsided in the HISTORIC line. He ascribes it to his constant perusal of the Universal History, which was published about that time. This introduced him to the acquaintance of the Ancients, and Littlebury's Herodotus, Spelman's Xenophon, Gordon's Tacitus, and a ragged Procopius were greedily devoured. From these the transition to the moderns was easy. He read Speed, Rapin, Mazaray, Davila, Father Paul, Bower, and the histories of China, India, Mexico and Peru. He appears to have been early bent on historical composition. His fancy on the period of the decline of the Roman Empire was the effect of accident. In an excursion he made with his father in 1751 to the house of a friend, he discovered in the Library the continuation of Echard's Roman History. It embraced a period of History entirely new to him, and the slight sketch it contained served rather to irritate than to appease his curiosity. On his return to Bath he procured Howell's history of the World, in which the Byzantine period is displayed on a larger scale. In his search after information concerning this period of History he read Ockley, D'Herbelot, Prideaux and Usher. He arrived at Oxford with a flock of Erudition that might have puzzled a Doctor, and a degree of ignorance of which a School-boy might have been ashamed.
At Oxford he continued his system of defolatory reading. The loose discipline of the college did not require his attendance in the lecture room; or indeed any regular system of study. He indulged his own wishes, and he still devoted his hours to the reading of history. The Vacations he usually spent at his father's. In the first vacation in August 1752, his mind ever brooding over historical subjects, he determined to write a book. For his first essay, he chose the "age of Seforis." During his stay in the country his history was diligently prosecuted, but on his return to college it was wistfully relinquished, and soon after prudently committed to the flames. He continued the same course of irregular reading, without ever paying any attention to the lectures of the professors. On the subject of Religion he was left entirely to himself. Dr. Middleton's writings were then new, and had excited considerable agitation. These threw the foundation of his former religious Education, and in this state of suspense and doubt, a perusal of the works of Buffier converted him to the Catholic Religion.
He justified himself by citing the examples of Chillingworth and Bayle, & communicated his situation to his father by letter, in the pompous style of a martyr.
This circumstance necessarily obliged him to quit Oxford. He returned to his father's, who, after having attempted in vain to recal him to the Protestant Religion, by the advice of some of his friends, determined to fix him with a Protestant minister at Lausanne. He left London on the 15th June 1753, and on the 20th of the same month was settled under the care of Mr. Pavillard, a Calvinist minister. In this situation his circumstances were entirely changed; his finances were greatly reduced; he was confined to a small chamber with a stove, shut out from all society with any but the natives, and obliged to learn a language with which he was unacquainted. In acquiring a knowledge of the language, he was astonished at the rapidity of his progress. Before he was recalled home, French was more familiar than English to his ear, his tongue, or his pen. His love of reading soon returned. He read with avidity every thing in his tutor's library. As his knowledge of the language advanced, his society with the natives became more enlarged and satisfactory. He was received into the best houses in the place; and in one of these he became acquainted with Mr. Deyverdun, a young man of amiable temper and excellent understanding; and with whom he cultivated the most lasting friendship. With Mr. Pavillard, for whom he entertained the highest respect, he prosecuted his studies of the dead languages; in the course of which, and after many warmly contested arguments on the subject of religion, he renounced and abjured the Catholic faith. On Christmas day 1754 he received the sacrament in the Church of Lausanne.
The knowledge which he acquired during his stay in Lausanne was the foundation of all his future improvements. His application during this time, especially towards the latter part of the year 1755, was very considerable. He made considerable efforts to acquire a correct style both in Latin and French. He translated French into Latin and Latin into French. He devoted much of his time to the Latin Classics. From the Latin the transition is easy to the Greek authors. He soon acquired considerable knowledge of this language; Alcyonaea and Metamorphoses next engaged his attention. Civil law and the law of nations followed next. He read Grotius and Pufendorf, and their excellent commentator Barbeyrac, Locke on Government, and Baron
Montesquieu's Spirit of Laws with peculiar delight, Croulard and Bayle, Pufendorf's Provincial Letters, and Glanville's History of Naples.
After near two years spent at Lausanne, his father consented he should make the tour of Switzerland with his tutor. He accordingly set out in the month of September 1755, and saw the principal cities of Switzerland. About this time he solicited and engaged in a literary correspondence with several eminent men of learning in Europe. Mr. Crevier at Paris, Breiteninger at Zurich, Celler at Gottingen, and Allamand at Bex. During his stay in Switzerland, he saw at his own house at Ferney near Geneva, the celebrated Voltaire. He was shown by that Poet, some verses of his own manuscript, and was admitted to see him perform the principal characters in his own plays.
About this time he became acquainted with Mademoiselle Sufan Curilhon, a young lady for whom he conceived a most ardent attachment. He speaks of her in the following glowing description: "Her personal attractions were embellished by the virtues and talents of the mind. Her fortune was humble, but her family was respectable. Her mother a native of France, had preferred her religion to her country. The profession of her father did not extinguish the moderation and philosophy of his temper, and he lived content with a small salary and laborious duty, in the oblique lot of minister of Crassy, in the mountains which separate the Pays de Vaud from the County of Burgundy. In the solitude of a sequestered village he bestowed on his daughter a liberal, and even a learned education. She surpassed his hopes by a proficiency in the sciences and the languages; and in her short visits to some relations at Lausanne, the wit, the beauty and erudition of Mademoiselle Curilhon, were the themes of universal applause. The report of such a prodigy awakened my curiosity; I saw and loved. I found her learned without pedantry, lively in conversation, pure in sentiment, and elegant in manners; and the first sentiments were fortified by the habits and knowledge of more familiar acquaintance. She permitted me to make her two or three visits at her own house. I passed some happy days there, in the mountains of Bergundy, and her parents honorably encouraged the connection. In a calm retirement, the gay vanity of youth no longer flattered her bosom. She listened to the voice of truth and passion, and I might presume to hope that I had made some impression on a virtuous heart. At Crassy and Lausanne I indulged this dream of felicity; but on my return to England I soon discovered that my father would not hear of this strange alliance. After a painful struggle, I yielded to my fate. I sighed as a lover: I obeyed as a son. The minister of Crassy soon afterwards died: his widow died with him: his daughter retired to Geneva, where by teaching young ladies, she earned a hard subsistence for herself and mother: but in her lowest distress she preserved a spotless reputation and a dignified behaviour. A rich banker of Paris, a citizen of Geneva, had the good fortune and good sense to discover and possess this inestimable treasure: and in the capital of taste and luxury, she resisted the temptations of wealth, as she had sustained the hardships of indigence. The genius of her husband has raised him to the most conspicuous station in Europe. In every change of prosperity and disgrace he has remained on the bosom of a faithful friend: and M. Curilhon is now the wife of Necker, the minister, perhaps the legislator of the French monarchy."
Soon after this, Mr. Gibbon returned to his native country. He left Lausanne in April 1758. He had been absent near five years. He describes himself as a perfect Frenchman, in dress, language, taste and disposition. In his absence his father had married a second wife. He was inclined at first to view her with an eye of suspicion and reserve, but her sweetness of disposition, excellency of understanding, and elegance of manners soon conciliated his affections, and he ever afterwards regarded her as a real mother. His aunt he met with most unfeigned joy. For nearly two years he either resided in London or at the seat of his father in the Country. He generally in either place, as his acquaintance was not extensive, devoted himself to his books. His reading was principally confined to ancient and modern history. His studies were interrupted in 1759, by being called out into service as an officer in the militia. Shortly before this, he had written his "Essay on the study of literature." This essay was written before he left Lausanne. Its object is to prove that every faculty of the mind may be exercised and displayed in the study of ancient literature. It was written in French. It was put into the hands of Doctor Mary to judge and to criticize. He returned the manuscript with some censures and much praise. He still shrunk from the press, and near two years elapsed, before, at the urgent solicitation of his father and friends, he ventured to introduce his essay into the world. The work was published in 1761, and in England, was received with cold indifference. He continued in active duty in the militia, till the beginning of the year 1763, during which time every spare moment was devoted to his favorite authors. He projected several historical productions, none of which progressed further than his imagination. "The Expedition of Charles VIII. into Italy; the Crusade of Richard I. the History of the black Prince; Sir Walter Raleigh; the Liberty of the Swiss; the Republic of Florence under the house of Medicis;" all in turn suggested themselves, and after some little reading preparatory to each, were given over.
In 1763 Mr. Gibbon made an excursion to Paris, where he lived in a state of hospitality and intimacy with many of the first literary characters of this place. The well known characters of Diderot, D'Alembert, Caylus, Baster, Berthelemey, Raynal, Arnaud, Condamin, Du Clos, Palay, Bougainville &c. were his friends and intimates. From Paris he shaped his course towards Italy, and in his way stopped at Lausanne. Here he determined to remain sometime, in order to go through a preparatory course of study for his journey through Italy. He resided there nearly a year, and here commenced his acquaintance with Lord Sheffield whole friendship he cultivated so warmly during the whole course of his life. He spent nearly a year in travelling over Italy, and viewed every thing which could excite or gratify the curiosity of a man of learning and science. At the feet of the Venus de Medicis, he felt that the chief glory was due to the pencil. He trod with his imagination every spot where Tully spoke, or Cæsar fell. It was at Rome on the 15th October 1764, while the bare-footed Friars were singing Vespers in the Temple of Jupiter, that he was first struck with the design of writing the "Decline and fall of that once splendid Empire."
In 1765 he returned to England. His friend Deyverdun had left his own Country, and had fixed himself in London in the literary line. The friendship between them was renewed, and in the winter they usually resided together. The mind of Mr. Gibbon ever bent on historical compositions about this time engaged him in writing the history of the Revolutions of Switzerland. He received considerable assistance from his friend Deyverdun, who translated for him several German authors. A specimen of his history was shown to a literary club of foreigners at London, who judged unfavorably of it. He committed the sheets to the flames, although they were commanded by his friend Mr. Hume. He was greatly discouraged, and for some time gave over all thoughts of writing history. He engaged next with Deyverdun in publishing in French, a periodical work, called the "Journal Britannique," or Literary Memoirs of Great Britain. Mr. Gibbon contributed largely to this work, which was supported till about the middle of 1769, when Deyverdun left England as a travelling tutor to Sir Richard Wortley.
Mr. Gibbon's next publication sprung from his residence of modest genius, and his aversion for insolent pandantry. Warburton in his "Divine Legation," had represented the 6th book of Virgil's Aeneid as a description of the initiation into the Eleusian mysteries. This hypothesis had long been uncontradicted, and its author had reigned for some time the dictator of the literary world. Anxious to break a lance against this giant's shield, Mr. Gibbon in 1770, published his "Critical Notes on the 6th Book of the Aeneid." In this masterly production, Warburton's ill-founded edifice is completely overturned, and his arrogance and violence exposed. This production was highly spoken of on the continent, as well as in his own country. The Decline and fall of the Roman Empire was commenced in 1768, and prosecuted with ardour and industry. His progress was interrupted in 1770, by the death of his fa-
ther; and the embarrassed circumstances in which he left his estate, proved a great and serious check to his arduous labours. It was nearly two years before he could arrange his circumstances, and return to the uninterrupted pursuit of his history. At the outset all was dark and doubtful; but as he advanced, it became more easy and equal.
By the friendship of Lord Elliott, his near relation, Mr. Gibbon was returned at the general election in 1772, for the borough of Liskeard. He took his seat at the beginning of the memorable contest between G. Britain and her colonies, and supported by many a silent vote the rights of the mother country. "I was long his will and design to become a public speaker, but after several unsuccessful attempts he acquiesced in the humble state of a Mine. His timidity was fortified by his pride, and the success of his pen discouraged the trial of his voice. The cause of government was ably supported by Lord North, assisted by the majestic sense of Thurlow, and the skillful sequence of Widdrington. On the other side of the house an ardent and powerful opposition was supported by the lively declamation of Barre, the legal acuteness of Dunning, the profuse and philosophical fancy of Burke, and the argumentative vehemence of Fox. The eight sessions he sat in parliament was a school of civil prudence the first and most essential virtue of an historian.
In 1776 he published the first volume of his history. The success of it was greatly beyond his most sanguine expectations. The first impression was exhausted in a few days; and a second and third editions were scarcely adequate to the demand of the publick. It became the fashionable favorite of the day. It was on every table and on every toilet. The approbation of Hume and Robertson were the most gratifying applause which he could receive; and which he warmly acknowledges. From general and universal applause he escaped in a short trip which he made to Paris. Here he frequented the house of Necker thro' the favour of whose Lady, the late M. Curilhon, he was introduced into the first circles of both sexes. 'Twas here he was happy in the acquaintance of Buffon, who united to a sublime genius, the most amiable simplicity of mind and manners.
Near two years elapsed before he published the second volume of the decline and fall. In the interim his 15th & 16th chapters, in which he treats of the rise and progress of the christian religion had been attacked by a host of critics. He preferred a guarded silence, until he was accused of want of fidelity in his quotations. Rouled by this imputation he published his "vindication" in which he expressed less anger than contempt for his antagonists. It entirely silenced his critics, tho' it promoted several others to ecclesiastical preferments. He was slightly engaged in controversy with Dr. Priestly, Dalrymple and White. During the time in which he was engaged in his history, he was employed by administration to write a Memoir, justicificat in which he vindicated against the manifesto of the French the justice of the British arms. It was written in French. It was celebrated thro' Europe for the force of its reasoning, and the purity of its style.
In 1779 by the interests of his friend Mr. Wedderburne he was appointed a Lord of the Board of Trade, and plantations. This considerably enlarged his finances, and raised him above want and dependence. The duties were not severe, and he enjoyed many days and weeks of leisure in which he was not called from his library, or retirement. In 1780 he left his seat for Liskeard, but was by the interest of Lord North soon chosen on a vacancy for the borough of Lympington. Soon after Lord North lost his place at the treasury board, and retired from parliament. Before this Mr. Gibbon had published the third volume of his history, which met with the same applause as the former.
In the jarring collisions of ministerial and coalition intrigue in 1783 having lost his seat in parliament, and his desire for publick life, he determined to write the continuation of his history, and fixed on Lausanne as preferable to London. His friend Deyverdun having established himself at that place, invited him to reside in his house. This agreeable invitation Mr. Gibbon immediately accepted. At this place he prosecuted his labours with attentive assiduity. Seldom interrupted by company or other avocations, his progress was rapid. Writing had become familiar and easy to him. It was no longer a labour. It was a pleasure. He finished it in 1787. Two circumstances very remarkable attended this history; the first was that the rough copy was sent to the press, and the second was that it was seen by no eye but its author's till it went to the press. He returned to England to superintend its publication, and resided in the family of his friend Lord Sheffield. After this object was accomplished, he returned to Lausanne, which he seemed determined to make his permanent residence. On his return he found his friend Deyverdun in a melancholy state of decline. He languished only a short time, and left Mr. Gibbon greatly affected by his loss. His happiness & tranquility were greatly disturbed by the disorders which appeared in France. The vicinity of the free city of Lausanne soon filled it with the wretched emigrants of that unhappy country. It became the seat of intrigue, misery and wretchedness. Mr. Gibbon's sentiments were unfavourable to the revolution. He expresses his highest admiration of Burke's pamphlet. He had even an idea of writing a dialogue between Lucian, Erasmus and Voltaire who should mutually acknowledge the danger of exposing an old superstition to the contempt of the fanatic multitude.
The intrigues of the emigrants soon excited the notice and resentment of the national convention against Lausanne, and the other cantons of Switzerland. Gen. Montesquieu with his army advanced in 1792 with a view of the place, when he was arrested in his progress by the submission of the Cities. The disturbances excited by these movements, and the general aspect of Europe, induced Mr. Gibbon to turn his eyes towards his native country as the asylum of freedom and peace. Accordingly in May 1793 he set out from Lausanne, and by way of Frankfort, and Brussels he reached England.
He visited his friend Lord Sheffield, went as far as Bath on a visit to his mother, and returned to London. He was pronounced by the physicians whom he consulted to be far advanced in a dropsey. After some ineffectual opposition, he submitted to be tapped: this only furnished temporary relief, and he languished till the 16th January 1794, when he expired.
BY AUTHORITY.
[LAWS OF THE UNITED STATES.]
AN ACT
Supplementary to the act, intitled "An act regulating the grants of lands, and providing for the disposal of the lands of the United States South of the state of Tennessee."
BE it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That persons claiming lands in the Mississippi territory, by virtue of any British or Spanish grant, or by virtue of the three first sections of the act to which this is a supplement, or of the articles of agreement and cession with the state of Georgia, may, after the last day of March, in the year one thousand eight hundred and four, and until the last day of November, then next following, give notice in writing, of their claims, to the register of the land office, for the lands lying West of Pearl River, and have the same recorded in the manner prescribed by the fifth section of the act to which this is a supplement: Provided however, That where lands are claimed by virtue of a complete Spanish or British grant in conformity with the articles of agreement and cession between the United States, and the state of Georgia, it shall not be necessary for the claimant to have any other evidence of his claim recorded, except the original grant or patent, together with the warrant or order of survey and the plat, but all the subsequent conveyances or deeds shall be deposited with the register to be by him laid before the commissioners when they shall take the claim into consideration: and the powers vested by law in the commissioners ap-
pointed for the purpose of ascertaining the claims to lands lying west of Pearl River, shall, in every respect extend and apply to claims which may be made by virtue of this section, and the same proceedings shall thereupon be had, as are prescribed by the act aforesaid, in relation to claims, which shall have been exhibited on or before the last day of March, in the year one thousand eight hundred and four.
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That the commissioners aforesaid, appointed to adjust the claims to lands lying west of Pearl River, shall have power to adjourn from time to time, and for such time as they may think fit: Provided however, That they shall meet on the 1st day of December, in the year one thousand eight hundred and four, and shall not afterwards adjourn for a longer time, than three days, nor until they shall have completed the business for which they were appointed: And provided also, That nothing contained in this act, nor in that to which this is a supplement, shall be construed to prevent the said commissioners, nor those appointed to adjust the claims to lands lying East of Pearl River, from acting and deciding at any time, on any claim which has been exhibited in the manner prescribed by law, although the evidence of the same may not, at that time, have been transferred on the books of the Register.
Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, That when any Spanish grant, warrant, or order of survey, shall be produced to either of the said boards of commissioners, for lands which were not, at the date of such grant, warrant, or order of survey, or within one year thereafter, inhabited, cultivated, or occupied by, or for the use of the grantee; or whenever either of the said boards shall not be satisfied, that such grant, warrant, or order of survey, did issue at the time when the same bears date, the said commissioners shall not be bound to consider such grant, warrant or order aforesaid, as conclusive evidence of the title, but may require such other proof of its validity as they may deem proper: And the said boards shall make a full report to the secretary of the treasury, to be by him laid before Congress for their final decision, of all claims grounded on such grants, warrants, or orders of survey, as may have been disallowed by the said boards on suspicion of their being antedated, or otherwise fraudulent.
Sec. 4. And be it enacted, That the secretary of the treasury, shall be and he is hereby authorized to employ an agent, whose compensation shall not exceed one thousand five hundred dollars in full for all his services, for the purpose of appearing before the said commissioners, in behalf of the United States, to investigate the claims for lands, and to oppose all such as he may deem fraudulent and unfounded. And each of the said boards of commissioners shall have the same powers to compel the attendance of witnesses, as are now vested in the courts of the United States.
Sec. 5. And be it further enacted, That the board of commissioners appointed to adjust the claims to lands lying west of Pearl River, shall be authorized to employ an assistant clerk, and also a translator of the Spanish language to assist them in the dispatch of the business which may be brought before them, and for the purpose of recording Spanish grants, deeds or other evidences of claims on the Register's books; the said translator shall receive for the recording done by him, the fees already provided by law, and may be allowed not exceeding fifty dollars for every month he shall be employed, provided that the whole compensation, other than that arising from fees shall not exceed six hundred dollars; the assistant clerk shall be allowed a sum not exceeding five hundred dollars for his services, and each of the commissioners of the said board in addition to the compensation now fixed by law, shall be allowed six dollars for every day he shall attend on the board after the last day of November, in the year one thousand eight hundred and four: Provided, That this additional compensation shall not exceed two thousand dollars, for each of the said commissioners.
Sec. 6. And be it further enacted, That from and after the first day of April in the year one thousand eight hundred and four, the surveyor of the lands of the United States south of the state of Tennessee, shall receive an annual compensation of two thousand dollars, in lieu of the annual compensation now fixed by law. And the lands claimed by virtue of Spanish grants, legally and fully executed, and the titles, to which were confirmed by the articles of agreement and cession, between the United States and the state of Georgia, shall be surveyed in the manner prescribed by the act to which this is a supplement, at the expense of the United States: anything in the said act to the contrary notwithstanding.
Sec. 7. And be it further enacted, That the tract of country lying north of the Mississippi territory, and south of the state of Tennessee, and bounded on the east by the state of Georgia, and on the west by Louisiana, shall be, and the same is hereby annexed to, and made a part of the Mississippi territory.
Sec. 8. And be it further enacted, That to much of the eighth section of an act, intitled "An act regulating grants of land, and providing for the disposal of the lands of the United States, south of the state of Tennessee," as provides, "that no certificate shall be granted for lands lying east of the Tombigby river, be, and the same hereby is repealed: Provided, That no certificate shall be granted for any lands to which the Indian title has not been extinguished.
Sec. 9. And be it further enacted, That the commissioners appointed in pursuance of the act aforesaid, be, and they are hereby authorized and required to make on or before the first day of December next, a full report to the secretary of the treasury of all claims that have been, or may be laid before them, for lands held by warrant of survey and improvement, in cases where the claimants were minors, and not heads of families at the time such warrants were issued with the circumstances which occasioned the issuing of such warrants, and the validity which has been considered as attached to the same.
Sec. 10. And be it further enacted That for the purpose of carrying this act into effect, a sum not exceeding twenty thousand dollars, shall be, and the same is hereby appropriated, to be paid out of any money in the treasury not otherwise appropriated.
Sec. 11. And be it further enacted, That the execution of so much of the twelfth section of the act to which this is a supplement, as respects "such town lots, not exceeding two, in the town of Natchez, and such an out lot adjoining the same, not exceeding thirty acres, as may be the property of the United States, to be located by the Governor of the Mississippi territory, for the use of Jefferson College," be, and the same is hereby suspended until the end of the next session of Congress.
Sec. 12. And be it further enacted, That transfers of the records of the British province of West Florida, to claims for land therein, and which have been delivered to the government of the United States, may be produced as evidence, and shall be entitled to the same weight in any court of the United States, as if the same had been delivered, or shall be delivered to either of the registers of the land offices in the Mississippi territory, before the last of March, one thousand eight hundred and four, any thing in this act, or
in the fifth section of the act to which this is a supplement to the contrary notwithstanding.
Sec. 13. And be it further enacted, That the sum of three thousand dollars be, and the same is hereby appropriated, for the purpose of extending the external commerce, and exploring the limits of the United States, in the new acquired territory of Louisiana, out of any money in the treasury, not otherwise appropriated.
Sec. 14. And be it further enacted, That Major General La Fayette be, and he is hereby authorized and empowered to locate and survey the limits allowed him by the fourth section of an act, intitled "An act to revive and continue in force an act in addition to an act intitled an act in addition to an act regulating the grants of land appropriated for military services, and for the Society of United Brethren for propagating the Gospel among the Heathen, and for other purposes," on any lands the property of the United States, in the territory of Orleans, and on presenting the surveys of the said land to the secretary of the treasury, the President of the United States is hereby authorized to issue letters patent to the said Major General La Fayette for the quantity of lands allowed by the said act.
NATHL. MACON, Speaker of the House of Representatives. JESSE FRANKLIN, President of the Senate pro tempore. March 27th, 1804. APPROVED, TH: JEFFERSON.
AN ACT
For the relief of Moses Young. BE it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the accounting officers of the treasury be, authorized and directed to liquidate the accounts of Moses Young, for services rendered the United States as agent of claims at Madrid, from the date of his appointment by Mr. Humphreys, then minister of the United States at the court of Spain, until the time he ceased to act as the private secretary of that minister, at and after the rate of two thousand dollars, per annum: Provided That he produce to the accounting officers of the treasury a certificate from Mr. Humphreys, that he received no pay or emolument from individuals for said services.
NATHL. MACON, Speaker of the House of Representatives. JESSE FRANKLIN, President of the Senate pro tempore. March 26, 1804. APPROVED, TH: JEFFERSON.
AN ACT
In addition to an act intitled, "An act to establish an uniform rule of naturalization, and to repeal the acts heretofore passed on that subject."
BE it enacted, by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That any alien being a free white person who was residing within the limits and under the jurisdiction of the United States, at any time between the eighteenth day of June, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-eight, and the fourteenth day of April one thousand eight hundred and two, and who has continued to reside within the same, may be admitted to become a citizen of the United States, without a compliance with the first condition specified in the first section of the act, intitled, "An act to establish an uniform rule of naturalization, and to repeal the acts heretofore passed on that subject."
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That when any alien who shall have complied with the first condition, specified in the first section of the said original act, and who shall have pursued the directions prescribed in the second section of the said act, may die before he is actually naturalized, the widow and the children of such alien, shall be considered as citizens of the United States, and shall be entitled to all rights and privileges as such, upon taking the oaths prescribed by law.
NATHL. MACON, Speaker of the House of Representatives. JESSE FRANKLIN, President of the Senate pro tempore. March 26, 1804. APPROVED, TH: JEFFERSON.
Richmond County, June 1803.
John Campbell, complt. AGAINST William Morgan and Peter Northern defts.
THE defendant Morgan not having entered his appearance and given security according to the act of Assembly, and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that he is not an inhabitant of this state; on motion of the complainant, by his counsel, it is ordered that the said defendant do appear here on the first day of the next term, and answer the bills of the complainant, and that a copy of this order be published in some newspaper printed in the city of Richmond, for two months successively, and a copy also posted at the front door of the courthouse; and it is further ordered that the defendant Northern, do not pay, convey away or secrete, the debts and effects in his hands, due and belonging to the said Morgan, until the further order of the court, in the premises.
A copy Teste. D. M'CARTY, c. r. c.
THE Court of Hustings of the City of Richmond have established the following rules concerning applicants for licenses to manufacture Tobacco within the said City; viz.
"All Applications to the said Court for Licenses to manufacture Tobacco, must be made one Month at least, previous to the Time of granting thereof, and the Name or Names of the Applicant or Applicants entered on the Records of the said Court, and inserted in all the Newspapers published in the City of Richmond."
IN PURSUANCE WHEREOF, PUBLIC NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, That from the Records of the said Hustings Court, it appears that GEORGE TATE means to apply to the next succeeding Court for a License to manufacture Tobacco within this City.
(By Order of Court) ANDW STEVENSON, r. c. May 23. 320 (5)
Printina.
IN ALL ITS VARIETY, EXECUTED AT THE OFFICE OF THE ENQUIRER, WITH NEATNESS, ELEGANCE AND THE GREATEST DISPATCH.
An Apprentice to the Printing business wanted at this Office.