Virginia Argus (Richmond, Va.), 1806-07-02 00:00:00

VIRGINIA ARGUS.
[XIVth YEAR.]
A FREE PRESS MAINTAINS THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE PEOPLE.
[No. 1273.]
RICHMOND:—PRINTED (ON WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS) BY SAMUEL PLEASANTS, JUNIOR, PRINTER TO THE COMMONWEALTH.
[Four Dollars Per Annum....paid in advance.]
WEDNESDAY, JULY 2, 1806.
[12 1-2 Cents Single.]
THE subscriber offers for Sale, twenty-five acres of LAND, adjoining his farm, about one mile from this city, on the main road leading from thence to Williamsburg; pleasantly situated, and convenient to good water. An indisputable title will be given to the purchaser.
John Glynn. Richmond, June 20th, 1806.
AN EXCELLENT RIDING HORSE, FOR SALE. Enquire of Mr Hallam at the Washington tavern. Richmond, June 23d. 1806.
SECOND CLASS.
Scheme of a Lottery, FOR THE BENEFIT OF WILLIAM & MARY COLLEGE.
Tickets that drew blanks in Dollars. 5938 the first class & may be renewed 59,380 4685 Tickets at fifteen dollars each, 70,275
10,623 Deduct loss on 2000 tickets, that drew prizes of fifteen dollars each, in first class, and may be renewed in this, at 2 1/4 dollars each, 4,500
Dollars 125,155 The number of prizes and order in which they stand, viz.
   To float in the wheel, and come out as chance may direct.     2 prizes of 5,000 each 10,000   4 2,000 8,000   16 1,000 16,000   16 500 8,000   32 200 6,400   160 100 16,000   232 50 11,600   750 20 15,000   1 155  
   Stationary Prizes are,     1 ticket, first draw after 1,000 tickets are out of the wheel, 500   1 do do do 2,000 500   1 do do do 3,000 500   1 do do do 4,000 500   1 do do do 5,000 500   1 do do do 6,000 500   1 do do do 7,000 10,000   1 do do do 8,000 500   1 do do do 9,000 500   1 do the last drawn ticket, a prize of 20,000  
1,223 prizes. Dolls. 125,155 The prizes subject to a discount of only 10 per cent. 12,500 Expense of drawing, 2,500 Dolls. 10,000
The superiority of this scheme, to the one first proposed, is so obvious, that little need be said in recommendation of it. Those inclined to adventure, will see, that their chance for obtaining prizes, is greatly increased; that pending the drawing, their objection of small prizes, may, by renewal, instantly give them several chances for a prize of considerable magnitude.
To those who have drawn PRIZES of fifteen dollars, in the First Class; as well as to those who drew BLANKS, INFORMATION IS NOW GIVEN, that the PRIZES, may, at their option, be renewed, by tickets in this class—and their BLANKS, at ten dollars each; Provided such PRIZES and BLANKS, with the CASH, is remitted, FREE OF POSTAGE, to ROBERT GREENHOW, merchant in Williamsburg, Agent and Treasurer; or WILLIAM NEWSUM, Post Master in Norfolk; previous to the commencement of the drawing; after which period no renewal will be made. When to the prospect of individual advantage, that may result to each adventurer, is added, the patriotic reasons, which induced the legislature to authorise this lottery, it is ardently hoped, that the disposition of tickets will soon enable the commissioners to certify that the drawing has commenced—Which event the agent assures the public, shall be expedited by every means in his power.
Robert Greenhow,
Agent and Treasurer.
Williamsburg, June 10, 1806. * * Tickets may be had of Robert Greenhow, merchant in Williamsburg; and William Newsun, post master in Norfolk; who will, as opportunities offer, give them more extensive circulation, by placing them in the hands of others for disposition.
LATELY PUBLISHED, AND FOR SALE AT THIS OFFICE, DISCOURSES CONCERNING GOVERNMENT.
By ALGERNON SIDNEY. With a short account of the Author's Life, and copious INDEX.
* * Subscribers who entered with the Rev. M. L. Weems, will be supplied on application as above.
Just received and for sale at S. Pleasants' Book-Store, near the Bridge,
THE FOLLOWING GENUINE
Patent Medicines. Hill's Balsam of Honey | obstinate eruptions, &c Turlington's Balsam | British Oil Godfrey's Cordial | Hooper's Female Pills Essence of Peppermint | Anderson's Scott's do. Sveers Opiodocum | The celebrated Specific Oriental Cerate, for the | Pills, for the cure of cure of outward piles, | the outward and in- scalds, sore legs, &c. | ward Piles
CORR'S CELEBRATED PATENT METALLIC HONES, Are for sale at this Office.
FROM THE AURORA.
POLITICAL VIEWS.
No. V. THE COMMERCE OF THE MEDITERRANEAN.
The commerce of the Swedes in the Mediterranean profited by the war of the French revolution; but fluctuated considerably in the various changes to which the circumstances of its government exposed it. The Swedes have had a better understanding at Algiers, than the Danes whenever the English influence prevailed there, which was frequent; at Tripoli they were not so fortunate. The Danish affairs on the Barbary coast, and their commerce generally, is better managed than the Swedish; though their ships and mariners are in no respect inferior to any in the world. These two nations have kept ships of war in the Mediterranean lately, and give reciprocal protection.
The commerce of the United States in the Mediterranean, commenced on a large scale in 1796, and has increased, under disadvantages to which no other nation has been in a proportionate degree exposed, to 300 sail. With full security and the abrogation of the Barbary piracies, we might employ annually 1000 sail in those seas alone. As the particulars of our own trade with the Mediterranean is known from public documents, and does not so much relate to the topic which we have undertaken to illustrate, the effects of the war and the commerce of the Mediterranean on each other, and on the several nations of Europe, we shall now give, from the same authentic sources to which we are indebted for the commercial information of the preceding essays, a rapid view of the commerce and navigation of the Barbary powers, with such incidental particulars as occur in their progress.
The geographical position of the Barbary powers, their population and extent of territory may be learned from books which treat of that subject—our present views are confined to their maritime and commercial capacities.
Morocco has 150 sail, of which the crews are two-thirds Moorish subjects, and one third Italians, Spaniards, &c. Algiers has 16 sail, owned by Jews and Arabs, and navigated principally by Genoese and other Italians, they sail with two sets of papers, and Algerine passports—they have a vast number of small craft with latten sails. Tunis has 36 sail—many of them sail with commissions, equivalent to letters of marque, and some of them owned by Moors, Jews, and Christians resident in Tunis. Tripoli has about 8 sail of small vessels engaged in commerce.
There are a few coasters and smaller craft belonging to these petty states, which are not taken into the account, because they are not actually engaged in the commerce of that sea. It may be useful, however, to give some idea of the commerce itself and how it is conducted by the Barbary powers.
The import and export trade of Algiers and Tripoli is, for the most part, carried on in vessels from Ragusa, and Trieste, & Fiume, and the ports of ancient Illyricum generally; Danish and Swedish bottoms are sometimes employed in this trade. But Morocco exports under its own flag, which is frequently seen in the ports of Lisbon, Cadiz and Malaga, to which it trades in cattle and grain; and supplies Gibraltar with provisions consigned to Moorish merchants who are protected there for the purpose. The Moroccans carry on a considerable trade to Constantinople, Smyrna, Alexandria, Venice, Genoa, Marseilles, Leghorn and Barcelona—to these ports she sends annually, on an average 250 cargoes, consisting of wheat, barley, bullocks, sheep, poultry, wool, hides, honey, bees wax, &c. &c. and dollars and gold dust to the ports of the Levant.
To Algiers, from the ports of Oran, Arzeu, Zedeles, Port Astoria, Brugia, and Bona, she supplies about 250 cargoes annually; of these 160 are wheat and barley only. The country round Algiers for 30 miles to the east and west, does not produce grain sufficient for the city. But the provinces beyond that distance are productive and send to Algiers, in sandals, small latten sail coasters of 25 to 30 tons, who ply between March and the latter end of October; of these small craft there may be about 150 or 200 sail.
Of the exports of Algiers 90 cargoes annually may be composed of cattle, hides, wool, oil, &c. but their chief trade is in grain from the provinces, which they transport to Spain and Italy. They send considerable freights, under the Ragusan flag, to Alexandria, and Smyrna, to which they export dollars. When France and Spain are at war with G. Britain, the former nations carry on the commerce of the Algerines and Tunisians.
Beside her merchandises, Tunis has from 70 to 90 sail of corsairs, of which about 60 are vessels of 30 to 70 tons bur-
then, and all rigged with three latten sails each; some have sails square on the mast; and in fair weather and light winds they all use sweeps and bow chaces.
The commercial productions of Tunis, or exports, furnish under all flags sufficient, annually, for about 300 sail; consisting of grain, hides, oil, wool, wax, blankets, shawls, Moorish red caps, of which to the value of 150,000 dollars annually, are manufactured, partly from Spanish & partly from Tunisian wool. Constantine, a fertile internal province under the rule of Algiers, sends its productions to Tunis. The quantity of oil shipped from Tunis is greater than from all the other states of Barbary.
Though the territory of Tripoli is immensely extensive, having 1100 miles of sea coast, and 300 miles in depth, its commercial riches are infinitely below those of Morocco or Tunis, or even of Algiers—the articles are of the same kind as the others excepting provisions; but fine sena, saffron and honey are among its valuable articles of trade. This territory raises hardly sufficient for its own subsistence; their ignorance of culture and their indolence combined, therefore, is the cause of frequent scarcities, and on such occasions, instead of profiting by experience and resorting to agriculture, they go to sea and capture foes and friends indiscriminately. It is obvious that such a power so situated, permanent security is not to be expected to be enforced by treaty.
This is a general outline of the condition and commerce of the Barbary states (for it must be remembered that Bez no longer exists as an independent state, being now part of the empire of Morocco)—and it is easily to be perceived from their circumstances that any one of the powerful nations of Europe, might have totally suppressed their depredations at any time, had they not been secretly upheld by some other.
The peace which Spain ignominiously concluded with these pirates, appears to have been submitted to with views that have met their merited disappointment. It was contemplated by the ministers of Spain to exclude every other nation from the commerce of the coast of Africa, or Barbary, and to concentrate in Cadiz the whole of the commerce from the gulf of Cyrene west of Alexandria to Mogadore on the Atlantic. The treaty which was to accomplish this great monopoly was concluded by the count d'Espilly; by which it was agreed to pay 7 millions of dollars, to alter the flag of Spain, and to release all Algerine prisoners in Spain without ransom. The negotiator only obeyed his instructions from court, for he had sagacity enough to discern and to say to an American gentleman there at the time, that Spain, whilst intending to exclude the northern nations from that commerce, was only encouraging new depredations on herself and the whole world.
And the observation was soon verified, for Algiers immediately made war on Sweden and obtained 300,000 dollars; on Venice; on the Dutch; on Denmark; and at length upon Spain herself; against France war was also commenced, quieted and renewed; France gave no quarter, and the demolition of the city, which had been before effected, was on the verge of being re-accomplished, when Algiers submitted and continued to respect the French flag until the events of the revolution exposed her flag to their rapacity once more; they took 17 sail of Austro imperial ships, 20 Greeks, and 34 British passing between Gibraltar, Mahon, Corsica and Malta, but a squadron under admiral Nelson soon restored the English flag in those seas, though with the sacrifice of the ships that had been captured.
The disappointments of Spain only induced her to resort to the tributary policy, by which she has since maintained an influence prejudicial to other powers, and it is stated on very good authority that she, at a particular period, endeavored by her interferences to prevent a settlement with the United States, though without success; and it has been hinted that what she failed to accomplish at Algiers she succeeded in at Tripoli. These views will afford some useful light on the general commerce of the Mediterranean and the Barbary states particularly. But the most important trade next to that of the Italian, Spanish and French coasts, is that of the interior Mediterranean or Levant, which originally meaning the east, or where the sun rises, is now understood to mean all that part of the Mediterranean within the island of Malta, comprehending the coasts of Syria, Egypt, Asiatic and European Turkey, and the ancient Greek Archipelago. Since the Porte became subject to the influence and fear of Russia, and France could not yield Turkey her former countenance, the free navigation of the channel leading to the Euxine opened in a manner a new America to Europe. In 1804 one thousand sail of vessels, Greek, Russian, Austrian and Ragusan, took in cargoes of wheat in the
Euxine and transported them to Spain, Portugal and Italy. The wheat of the Poland which formerly passed down the waters of the Bug to Thorn, Culm, Dantzic, Marienburg, and Konigsberg; down the Warta to Stettin; by Memel, Riga and Mitau, into the Baltic; as soon as Poland was occupied by Russia, the channels of export were changed to the Dneiper and the Bug, by which rivers they were conveyed to Odessakow and Perecop, and the new establishments at Cherson; the ports of the Taurida or Crim; while the colonization of the Kuban and the cultivation of the shores of the sea of Asoph, furnished resources for commerce, that had been heretofore buried in the barbarous proscription of national selfishness and jealousy. The failure of the crops in Barbary and Sicily at this critical period, gave a new spring to the commerce given to life by the opening of the Euxine. The present number we shall conclude with an estimate made in 1804 from the experience of several years of the cargoes that might be procured annually in the ports of the Mediterranean Levant.
At Constantinople, 500—the Greek islands 3000; Gulph of Venice 3000; Naples 2500; Marseilles 1500; Sicily, Sardinia, and Corsica, 2000; Spain within the straits 2000; and the export trade of Barbary 750 to 800. This general estimate, he result of many years' experience, may afford some idea of the magnitude of the commerce of that quarter. In our next we shall go into a detail of the commerce of Greece.
FROM THE CHARLESTON COURIER.
Messrs. Printers. THE accompanying observations being designed for the Public, you will oblige the writer by giving them a place in your paper.
Cure of the Dysentery.
In one gill of fountain water dissolve as much common table or sea salt as it will take up or melt; add to it one gill of the best vinegar.
Of this mixture, give, once in a quarter, or half an hour, to grown persons, or to children, such doses as the stomach will bear without puking.—If a considerable proportion of the Essence of Peppermint be added it will be a valuable improvement of the medicine.
The sick person may drink freely of Port, Madeira, or any good wine; or, if these cannot be procured, he may drink French Brandy, or common spirits, moderately diluted with water and sweetened with sugar.
To a refined ear the Muriate of Soda might have sounded more agreeably than common table, or sea salt. The Dysentery, however, is not seated in the ear; and as this malady, so often fatal, may reach the humble cottager, it is hoped its simple garb will not preclude him from a knowledge of the remedy.
The symptoms which prevailed in those cases where the writer of this sketch applied the above described remedy, are, at first, a sensation in the stomach almost like that of hunger, followed, quickly, by lancinating, or cutting-like pains through the whole Ductus Alimentalis , or alimentary canal; these followed by frequent evacuations streaked with blood; a Tenesmus; a pain, symptomatic, in the head and loins; a loss of appetite; fever; and general lassitude or loss of strength. He has known the symptoms come on not exactly in this order but in every case, which he considered as real dysentery, the above treatment has succeeded.
It has been said that Mr. PERKINS, the vender of the Metallic Tractors, recommended salt and vinegar in the Dysentery. The writer of this sketch disclaims originality.
In Woodbury, Connecticut, where the Dysentery became epidemic, it baffled other modes of treatment, and salt and vinegar became a common and efficacious remedy. Being resorted to in Diarrhoeas, probably not of a Dysenteric nature, it appeared to be a means of no utility; and, from this circumstance partly, and partly from the ostentation, at least, of pretenders to science, the vulgar remedy of salt and vinegar seems to have become unfashionable, or otherwise never to have acquired general notice.
When the writer of this sketch had nearly completed his medical education he became sick of a Dysentery. The symptoms had risen to a considerable height before he had recourse to Medicine. He was advised to the use of Opium. He neglected it.—Recollecting what is above related of the use of salt and vinegar in Woodbury, which was about eight years previous, he had recourse to it. In twelve hours he was free from any symptom of the complaint, except the consequent debility.
A young gentleman of respectable talents, considerably advanced in his medical education, described the earliest supervening symptoms, of a Dysentery. They were as violent in degree as is usual in
that stage of the disease, and clearly marked. It was moreover at a time when the complaint prevailed. He was advised to the use of salt and vinegar. His preceptors, to whom I was on a visit, laughed at the idea. He used it.—Some hours after, as he was rallied on the subject, he said, "I have arrested my complaint." The principal characteristic symptom did not appear and the other subsided.
On a visit to another kinsman, his infant child, for a Dysentery, had been under medical treatment for a week or ten days. A council, to the best of my recollection, had been called & the physicians, for more than one had attended it, seemed to despair of its life. By the use of salt and vinegar it soon seemed evidently to be better. The remedy was continued. Soon the child seemed to be much distressed, and cried as if in great pain. The abdomen was swelled and seemed to be spasmodic. In this situation, the salt and vinegar, without having apprehended any hurtful effect from it, was discontinued. The child became quiet and rested well through the night. The next day, to ensure the health of the child, the remedy again was advised and exhibited.—The same round of symptoms, the benefit excepted, supervened; and again the pain seemed to subside, and the child became quiet on omitting the exhibition. The gas, eliminated by consequence of chemical affinities, by its abundance or peculiar properties, seemed to induce distension, spasm, and pain. No doubt this remedy may be exhibited to a noxious extent in so tender a subject. After a subsidence of these distressing symptoms the child appeared to be free from complaint, the debility excepted. The efficacy of the remedy has been proved in Carolina.
In real Dysentery, immediately consequent to the exhibition of this remedy, the languor of the countenance subsides; the eye becomes enlightened; the speech is more articulate and prompt; the voice is stronger; the patient, before he is apprised of it, becomes cheerful; and, if not too far reduced, forgets himself and walks across the room. The subsidence out-travels the apprehensions of the physician, and on enquiry he looks round for his complaint as for a thing that is evidently lost.
Having rendered this service in the manner which seems to me most likely to be useful to my fellow-citizens—to the poor and distressed—I would now fain retire.—But what are the above remarks.—Who at the dread tribunal of the public opinion, shall be responsible for their consequences; or rescue them from the deserved neglect of anonymous imposition.
The public's humble servant, CALEB ABERNETHY.
WANTED TO PURCHASE, A GOOD RIDING AND GIGG HORSE, a young, gentle and well gaited—For which a liberal price in Cash will be given—Enquire of the printer.
William & Mary College, June, 1806.
THE Annual Oration will be delivered, as heretofore, on the 4th of July—and on the following day, the Public Examination will commence.
NOTICE is hereby given, forbidding all persons from crediting my wife Mary Myers, as she has absconded from my bed and board.
Thomas Myers. June 26, 1806
JUST RECEIVED And for sale, at S. PLEASANTS' Book Store,
Fuddiman's Rudiments of the Latin Grammar British Poets (elegant) Goldsmith's Natural History Zimmerman on Solitude Burn's Works, gilt and plain Johnson's Dictionary in miniature Geographical Dictionary Rowe's Letters with plates Adison's Evidences History of the World Whole Day of Woe Edinburgh Dispensary, new edition Comic Scenes Chapone's Letters Guden's Concordance Walker's Dictionary Knox's Winter Evenings Buller's Nisi Prius Percy's Dictionary Jones's Dictionary Johnson's New Philadelphia Spelling Book Paisley Spelling Book Bonnet Boards, &c. &c. &c.
VALUABLE PROPERTY FOR SALE.
WILL be sold, at public auction, on the 5th day of July next, two new BRICK TENEMENTS, on the main street, on Shockoe hill, at present occupied by Mr. Joseph Carter and Mr. B. Valentine—they are well calculated for stores and for private families, and considered to be as good stands for business as any in that part of the city. Also a half acre LOT in the neighborhood of Gen. Moseley's, on which there is a new brick house, 44 feet long by 22 feet wide; this house is not finished in the inside, but may be finished to suit the purchaser. For terms, which will be very accommodating, apply to
Taylor & Brown. Richmond, June 21, 1806.

DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE. A DECLARATION, by the Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, July 4, 1776.
WHEN, in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the laws of nature and of nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.
We hold these truths to be self evident—that all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. That, to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed; that, whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government, laying its foundation on such principles, and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their safety and happiness.
He has refused his assent to laws, the most wholesome and necessary for the public good.
He has forbidden his Governors to pass laws of immediate and pressing importance, unless suspended in their operation, till his assent should be obtained; and, when so suspended, he has utterly neglected to attend to them.
He has refused to pass other laws, for the accommodation of large districts of people, unless those people would relinquish the right of representation in the Legislature—a right inestimable to them, and formidable to tyrants only.
He has called together legislative bodies, at places unusual, uncomfortable, and distant from the depository of their public records, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with his measures.
He has dissolved Representative Houses repeatedly, for opposing, with manly firmness, his invasions on the rights of the people.
He has refused, for a long time after such dissolutions, to cause others to be elected; whereby the legislative powers, incapable of annihilation, have returned to the people at large, for their exercise; the state remaining, in the mean time, exposed to all the danger of invasion from without, and convulsions within.
He has endeavored to prevent the population of these states; for that purpose obstructing the laws for naturalization of foreigners; refusing to pass others, to encourage their migration hither, and raising the conditions of new appropriations of lands.
He has obstructed the administration of justice, by refusing his assent to laws, for establishing Judiciary Powers.
He has made Judges dependent on his will alone, for the tenure of their offices, and the amount and payment of their salaries.
He has erected a multitude of new offices, and sent hither swarms of officers, to harass our people, and eat out their substance.
He has kept among us, in times of peace, standing armies, without the consent of our legislatures.
He has affected to render the military independent of, and superior to, the civil power.
He has combined with others, to subject us to a jurisdiction foreign to our Constitution, and unacknowledged by our laws; giving his assent to their acts of pretended legislation:
For quartering large bodies of armed troops among us:
For protecting them, by a mock trial, from punishment for any murders which they should commit on the inhabitants of these states:
For cutting off our trade with all parts of the world:
For imposing taxes on us without our consent:
For depriving us, in many cases, of the benefits of trial by jury:
For transporting us beyond seas, to be tried for pretended offences:
For abolishing the free system of English laws in a neighboring province, establishing therein an arbitrary government, and enlarging its boundaries so as to render it at once an example and fit instrument, for introducing the same absolute rule into these colonies:
For taking away our charters, abolishing our most valuable laws, and altering fundamentally the forms of our governments:
For suspending our own Legislatures, and declaring themselves invested with power, to legislate for us in all cases whatsoever.
He has abdicated government here, by declaring us out of his protection, and waging war against us.
He has plundered our seas, ravaged our coasts, burnt our towns, and destroyed the lives of our people.
He is, at this time, transporting large armies of foreign mercenaries, to complete the works of death, desolation, and tyranny, already begun, with circumstances of cruelty and perfidy, scarcely paralleled in the most barbarous ages, and totally unworthy of the head of a civilized nation.
He has constrained our fellow citizens, taken captive on the high seas, to bear arms against their country, to become the executioners of their friends and brethren, or to fall themselves by their hands.
He has excited domestic insurrections among us, and has endeavored to bring on the inhabitants of our frontiers, the merciless Indian savages, whose known rule of warfare is an undistinguished destruction of all ages, sexes, and conditions.
In every stage of these oppressions, we have petitioned for redress in the most humble terms: our repeated petitions have been answered only by repeated injury. A prince, whose character is thus marked, by every act, which may define a tyrant, is unfit to be the ruler of a free people.
Nor have we been wanting in attention to our British brethren. We have warned them, from time to time, of attempts made by their Legislature, to extend an unwarrantable jurisdiction over us. We have reminded them of the circumstances of our emigration and settlement here. We have appealed to their native justice and magnanimity, and we have conjured them, by the ties of our common kindred, to disavow these usurpations, which would inevitably interrupt our connections and correspondence. They, too, have been deaf to the voice of justice and of common humanity. We must, therefore, acquiesce in the necessity, which denounces our separation, and hold them, as we hold the rest of mankind, enemies in war; in peace, friends.
We, therefore, the representatives of the United States of America, in General Congress assembled, appealing to the Supreme Judge of the world, for the rectitude of our intentions, do, in the name and by the authority of the good people of these colonies, solemnly publish and declare, that these United Colonies are, and of right, ought to be free and independent states; that they are absolved from all allegiance to the British Crown, and that all political connexion, between them and the state of Great Britain, is and ought to be totally dissolved; and that, as free and independent states, they have full power to levy war, conclude peace, contract alliances, establish commerce, and do all other acts and things which independent states may of right do. And for the support of this declaration, with a firm reliance on the protection of Divine Providence, we mutually pledge to each other, our lives, our fortunes, and our sacred honor.
Signed by order and in behalf of the Congress, JOHN HANCOCK, President. CHARLES THOMPSON, Secretary.
New Hampshire—Josiah Bartlett, William Whipple, Matthew Thornton.
Massachusetts Bay—Samuel Adams, John Adams, Robert Treat Paine, Eldridge Gerry.
Rhode Island, &c.—Stephen Hopkins, William Ellery.
Connecticut—Roger Sherman, Samuel Huntington, William Williams, Oliver Wolcott.
New York—William Floyd, Philip Livingston, Francis Lewis, Lewis Morris.
New Jersey—Richard Stockton, John Witherspoon, Francis Hopkinson, John Hart, Abraham Clark.
Pennsylvania—Robert Morris, Benjamin Rush, Benjamin Franklin, John Morton, George Clymer, James Smith, George Taylor, James Wilson, George Ross.
Delaware—Cesar Rodney, George Read.
Maryland—Samuel Chase, William Paca, Thomas Stone, Charles Carroll, of Carrollton.
Virginia—George Wythe, Richard Henry Lee, Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Harrison, Thomas Nelson, jun. Francis Lightfoot Lee, Carter Braxton.
North Carolina—William Hooper, Joseph Hewes, John Penn.
South Carolina—Edward Rutledge, Thomas Heyward, jun. Thomas Lynch, jun. Arthur Middleton.
Georgia—Button Gwinnett, Lyman Hall, George Walton.
FROM THE REPUBLICAN ADVOCATE.
CATERPILLARS.—These destructive insects, within fifteen days past, have committed great ravages in the fields of grain and pastures in the vicinity of this town; destroying the blades of grass, corn, wheat, &c. and devouring the kernels of the latter with astonishing voraciousness.
This reptile appears to be a species of the Eruca, or genuine Caterpillar, described by naturalists. It is without hair, and feels soft. In general it is of a dark color, with yellow and whitish stripes longitudinally along the body, although its colors are various; some being of a lighter shade than others. It is marked by rings from the head to the tail.
As the ravages which these insects have occasioned, occupy much of the public attention, it may not be disagreeable to the reader to be here presented with a concise history of them.
These animals are hatched from the eggs of butterflies; which are very careful in depositing their eggs in those places where they are likely to be hatched with the greatest safety and success. During winter, the greatest number of Caterpillars are in an egg state. In the spring the insect is impelled into animation. All Caterpillars are not sent off from the egg in the beginning of spring; for many of them have subsisted in their aurelia state during the winter, in which the animal is seemingly deprived of life and motion. In this state of insensibility, many of these insects continue during the rigors of winter; some enclosed in a kind of shell, which they have spun for themselves at the end of autumn; some concealed under the bark of trees; others in the chinks of old walls; and many buried under ground. From all these a variety of butterflies are seen to issue, in the beginning of spring; and adorn the earliest part of the year with their painted flutterings. When the caterpillar first bursts from the egg, it is small and feeble; its appetites are in proportion to its size, and it seems to make no great consumption; but as it increases in magnitude, it improves in its appetites, so that, in its adult caterpillar state, it is the most ravenous of all animals whatsoever. A single caterpillar will eat double its own weight of leaves in a day, and yet seems no way disordered by the meal. Many kinds of caterpillars, while they are yet young, eat only the succulent part of the leaf, and leave all the fibres untouched; others however, attack the whole, and eat it clean away. They feed with the greatest avidity; some are seen eating the whole day; others have their hours of repast; some choose the night, and others the day. The number of their feet are various; some have eight and some sixteen. With regard to their external figure, they are either smooth or hairy. There are eighteen holes on this insect's body, (nine on a side) through which it is supposed to breathe; these holes are nearer the belly than the back. The life of the caterpillar seems one continued succession of changes; and it is seen to throw off one skin, only to assume another, which also is divested in its turn; and thus eight or ten times successively. This changing of the skin, however, is nothing in comparison with the great metamorphosis which it has to undergo into its aurelia state; previous to which it forsakes its food, and prepares, by fasting, to undergo its transformation. Stripped of its skin for the last time, it becomes an aurelia; in which the parts of the future butterfly are all visible; but in so soft a state, that the smallest touch can discompose them. Immediately after its being stripped of its caterpillar skin, it is of a green color, especially in those parts which are distended by an extraordinary afflux of animal moisture; but in ten or twelve hours after being thus exposed, its parts harden, the air forms its external covering into a firm crust, and in about four-and-twenty hours, the aurelia may be handled without endangering the little animal that is thus left in so defenceless a situation.
For this description of the Caterpillar, we are indebted to Goldsmith's Collection of Natural History. Many persons seem to doubt whether the insect which has caused such general devastation, is really a caterpillar. On this point, in our opinion, there can be no doubt. The conformation of the head, the rings on its body, the number of its legs, (being sixteen) together with its stigmata, or breathing holes, and its great voraciousness, all prove beyond question, that it is of the Caterpillar breed. In this neighborhood the reptile feeds generally in the night; retiring in the heat of the day to take shelter under the shade of the stems of the grain and grass.
In order to test the famous experiment of Malpighi, mentioned by Goldsmith, relative to the stigmata of this animal, we oiled the mouths of its lungs, or air-holes, and in a very little time afterwards the insect expired; which seems to establish the fact that by oiling those breathing places, the reptile becomes suffocated. We understand that the Caterpillars are more troublesome in rich grounds than in poor land. This has given occasion for many to suppose that the plaster of Paris has a tendency to produce them. This notion, however, ought not to be lightly taken up; as, we believe, there is nothing known to exist in plaster friendly to their production, more than in other kinds of manure. Rich fields (whether manured with plaster or not) are most likely to be infested with these insects, from this consideration, viz. there is a greater abundance of weeds and wild flowers growing on them, from which butterflies derive their food; of course there would be a greater likelihood of their depositing their eggs in those fields than elsewhere; and consequently there would exist in those places a greater quantity of Caterpillars. But why are these insects more numerous this year than in other years? A very ingenious and intelligent gentleman of our acquaintance remarked, in reply to this question, that the mildness of last winter, and the absence of those severe frosts which usually accompany our winters, must have been one great cause of the vast multitudes that have appeared this season. Every season this insect prevails, more or less; but we cannot hear from my quarter, that within the memory of man, they have committed such great havoc as they have this year. Some persons, indeed, say they remember at a very distant period of time, such a visitation; but do not speak of it but in general terms. We find that the evil is destructive wherever that portion of the country, from which we have heard. On the Eastern Shore of this state, the caterpillars have laid "whole farms under contribution," & many farmers, from the destruction of their corn, have been induced to "lay off their ground and replant." Accounts also, from "the head waters of the southern branches of Potomac, from the borders of James river, Culpepper and Orange Counties, in Virginia, and from the state of South Carolina, are truly alarming." There has, as yet, been no mode devised, whereby these reptiles may be destroyed. Indeed, their numbers would probably defy every attempt of the kind; and the only rational consolation seems to be that they are a short lived race, as to their present form.
TAKEN UP by William Woolridge, on his own land in this county, an extra black and white pied BULL; about two years old, no mark perceivable—Viewed and appraised to seven dollars, as the law directs, this 7th March, 1806. Copy—Teste, T. WATKINS, C. Chesterfield clerk's office, April 27, 1806. Foolscap & Letter Paper For sale at this office.
NEW YORK, June 23. FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.
From London papers to the 7th of May inclusive, received per the ship Charles, in thirty eight days from Penzance.
LONDON, May 3.
This morning the Hamburg mail due on Wednesday arrived, and the intelligence which it brings is of the utmost importance. If the accounts from different parts of the continent may be relied upon, the Russians have actually evacuated Ragusa and Cataro, in consequence of which the French have discontinued the works which they were constructing at Brannau, and the divisions of Marshals Ney and Soult have commenced their march.
The editor of the Hamburg paper expresses a doubt of the truth of this intelligence; and it certainly does not appear probable, upon the first view of the subject, that the Russians, having obtained possession of such an important position as that of Cataro, should have quietly resigned it to the French. It is, however, possible, that the emperor Alexander may have been induced, by the entreaties of the court of Vienna, to consent to the evacuation of Cataro, in order to save Austria from an immediate contest with France, the result of which, under the present circumstances, might be most fatal to her.
A slight skirmish has taken place between the Swedes and Prussians, near Ratzeburgh, the result of which was that the former being greatly inferior in numbers, were compelled to retire.
The insignificant fortress of Gsta still holds out, although a French army of 24,000 men, with a formidable train of artillery, are employed in the siege. The garrison consists of 6,000 men, who are well supplied with provisions. It is supposed that Massena means to attempt the invasion of Sicily, as he has collected a number of transports; but we think it very improbable that he would attempt such an enterprise while the English and Russians are complete masters of the sea.
The prediction which we made some months ago, respecting the states of the church, are on the point of being verified: Pius the VIIIth, after all his abject submission to the commands of Bonaparte, has, it is said, received an intimation that his resignation will be accepted. Cardinal Fesch is to be his successor. The residence of the Pope is in future to be at Avignon, and the Roman state is to be incorporated with the kingdom of Italy.
The dilemma to which Austria is reduced, the gradually withdrawing veil, which has till of late been spread over the repacious designs of Bonaparte, the first step towards actual hostilities between Prussia and Sweden, the still suspended determination of Russia with respect to those two powers, and the formidable resistance which the French have to encounter in Sicily, are points which we have again and again touched upon, and which receive fresh light from every day's occurrences.
In the midst of feverish agitation in some parts of Germany, and of that deadly calm which portends the near approach of a storm in others, it is curious to observe what efforts are used by the agents and vassals of France, particularly Bavaria, to propagate delusive reports of peace, and to lull the people into a state of the most fatal security.
May 4. SWEDISH BULLETIN.
Head Quarters of the Swedish Army of Grunwald, April 26th.
Reports of the 23d, received from adjutant general count Lowenheim, announced that on the 21st, the Prussians had taken possession of several villages in the Mecklenburg territory along the frontiers of Lauenburg.
At Meriensdat their vedettes approached to within 300 paces of the Swedish out posts. Count Lowenheim's principal force was then at Grosszecher and Skeddorf. The Swedish guard retained possession of Marienstadt, Sophienthal, the bridge of Ruchen, and approaches to Lauenburg and Attenburgh.
Yesterday Baron Glass Rulamb arrived as a Courier with a report from Count Van-Lowenheim, dated Gadesbusch, April 23d. It is stated in his dispatches, that at half past eight in the morning of the 23d—the Prussians passed the Lauenburg frontier at Marinstadt in such force that the Swedish troops found it necessary, after a brave resistance to evacuate their posts in the evening. The loss of troops under Count Van-Lowenheim consists of one hussar killed and eight wounded. The loss of the Prussians cannot be related with certainty; but during the action, it was observed that a number fell on their side. Count Van-Lowenheim has reserved the communication of farther details (which with respect to the Prussians will be very ample) until his next report, which is every moment expected.
In consequence of the hostilities thus commenced by the king of Prussia, his Swedish Majesty was pleased to issue orders yesterday for a general embargo on all Prussian vessels in the Swedish harbors.
VIENNA, April 17.
The French, instead of evacuating Brannau on the 1st of April according to the stipulations of the treaty of Presburgh, continue to make it a place of arms; 300 Bavarian peasants are continually at work on the entrenchments, and 50 pieces of cannon, of a large calibre, are already mounted on the batteries. This hostile demonstration, to which the occupation of Cattaro by the Russians has given occasion, was expected. In the mean time the French generals have again declared, that they will leave Brannau as soon as the Russian troops shall have evacuated Dalmatia. The court of Vienna, in consequence, yesterday dispatched the Courier Laforet to St. Petersburg: but it is believed that it will find it difficult to extricate itself from the embarrassment in which it is placed by the late events.
A courier from Palermo lately arrived here. We are not without inquietude on account of the demonstration of Bonaparte to seize the island of Sicily; but all proper measures have been taken there to oppose a descent. The strait is covered with Russian, English, and Neapolitan ships, and the utmost efforts will be made to prevent the island from falling into the power of the French. It is at this time, especially, that the English feel all the importance of their possession of Malta.
We are assured that the French have likewise demanded of the court of Vienna a passage thro' Croatia.
M. De Mayer, Quarter-Master General set out lately to inspect the situations of Wells, Wilisch, and Budweis, which are believed to be very capable of defence, should it be necessary again to have recourse to arms.
A war between Russia and Prussia appears to be considered here as inevitable.
AUGSBURGH, April 15.
Yesterday early the nephew of the French Minister for foreign affairs M. Talleyrand, arrived here, and after a short stay proceeded to Memmingen. He brings orders to Marshal Ney to break up, with his corps, for the Rhine. Marshal Soult and his corps will do the same. The Russians have evacuated Cataro and Ragusa, and the differences between France and Austria are accommodated.
(The report of the evacuation of Cataro, according to other accounts is doubted.) Note of Hamburg editor.
The arrival of the ship Charles, from London and Penzance, has furnished the editor of the Mercantile Advertiser with London papers to the 7th May, inclusive; which, though they contain no news of primary importance, are not altogether without interest—we have subjoined the leading articles. Our Lloyd's lists are of the 2d May.
The bill regulating the commercial intercourse between the British West Indies and the United States of America, was read a second time in the Imperial Parliament on the 6th of May, and committed for the 8th. The bill vests that discretionary power in the king and council which had been hitherto exercised by subordinate magistrates in violation of law, and for which it was necessary to pass year after year an act of indemnity.
LONDON, May 5.
The following is a copy of an official communication made to the lord mayor yesterday. It is dated from the Admiralty Office, May 4.
"A dispatch has been received this morning from vice admiral sir J. B. Warren, giving an account of the capture of the Marengo of 80 guns & 740 men, rear admiral Linois, and the Belle Poule of 40 guns, and 320 men on the 14th of March, after a running fight of some hours, with his majesty's ships London and the Amazon frigate.
THE LONDON.
Table with 3 columns: Killed, Wounded, Officers, Petty officers, Seamen, Marines. Values: 0, 1, 1, 2, 6, 11, 3, 7.
AMAZON.
Table with 3 columns: Killed, Wounded, Officers, Petty officers, Seamen, Marines. Values: 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 6, 1, 0.
MARENGO and BELLE POULE.
Table with 3 columns: Killed, Wounded. Values: 55, 80.
"Admiral Linois is amongst the wounded. (A true copy.) JAMES SHAW, Mayor."
TRENTON (N. J.) June 23.
CATERPILLARS.—We are sorry to have to state, that this scourge is severely felt in some parts of our state, by the fruit-trees, grain-fields, &c.—No mode that we have learnt, has been devised of destroying them, or obstructing their ravages, except one that has been adopted by a farmer in Burlington county.—These vermin move in armies; and when this gentleman found them approaching his premises, he dug a deep trench directly in their line of march, into which they tumbled and in which they perished.
PHILADELPHIA, June 24.
By the Savannah, Turner, at the Lazaretto, from Kingston, J. we learn that a number of impressed American seamen have been dismissed from the British men of war, on application to Mr. Lenox, the American agent, to the Admiral at P. Royal.

NORFOLK, June 27. MIRANDA.—After so many absurd and contradictory accounts of this person, we are enabled to present our readers with one which may be relied on.
A brig from Barbadoes went up the bay yesterday, from on board of which a passenger forwarded some Barbadoes papers to a gentleman in this place, who has since favored us with them, from one of which will be found the article respecting Miranda.
This expedition, undertaken with insufficient means, and conducted in the most unskilful manner and with unaccountable delay, has terminated as might have been expected.
It was reported at Barbadoes that Admiral Cochrane intended to furnish Miranda with some aid, with which he proposed to renew his attempt on the Continent; but this we doubt, because we have been informed from good authority, that if the people were prepared and disposed for a revolution, that Miranda is not a man in whom they have confidence. This was well understood at Trinidad, with which and the Main there is much communication, though the nations are at war.
Extract of a letter from a gentleman arrived on Wednesday, and who proceeded up to Baltimore, to a gentleman in this place.
"I left Barbadoes the 10th inst. (June) Tortola 13th, and St. Thomas the 14th. By the Barbadoes papers, included you have all the news here. I saw a letter from Admiral Cochrane, dated at Fort Royal, Martinique, the 11th inst. to a gentleman at St. Thomas, which stated that France had declared war against Sweden and Denmark, and that all vessels under those flags were detained at Guadaloupe and Martinique."
VIRGINIA ARGUS.
RICHMOND: WEDNESDAY, JULY 2, 1806.
RICHMOND PRICE CURRENT. (CORRECTED WEEKLY.)
 Tobacco, 31 3/4 6d cash  Wheat, 7s 6d do.  Flour, fine, 36s — do.  Flour, superfine, 39s — do.  Corn, 16s 6d do.  Hemp, clean, £ 55 — do.  Iron, £ 36 — do.  Bacon, — 9d do. 
The Citizens are notified, that an Oration will be delivered on the 4th between the hours of 11 and 12 o'clock, at the Capitol, to hear which, they are respectfully invited.
Extract of a letter from an officer at Fort Detroit, dated June 1, to a gentleman in New-York.
"We have received a letter from Captain Whipple, at Fort Wayne, stating that a plan was formed by the Indians, to take and destroy the forts in my district, viz. Detroit, Fort Wayne, Dearborn at Chicago, and Mackinac."
"The brig Adams arrived yesterday from Mackinac, and brings intelligence that a war is expected in that quarter, and that the garrison was preparing for defence."
"The militia at this place are preparing, but it is a feeble mustering and not capable of rendering much service."
"I am of opinion that the English nation will be part, though not openly, with the Indians, in supplies, of provisions and ammunition they have been issued by the agents of the British government."
It appears by an advertisement from the treasury department, that the Navy six per cent. stock is to be reimbursed on the first of October next, and the five and a half per cent. on the first of January, at which times the interest of these species of stock will cease.
The legislature of Massachusetts have chosen Messrs. Adams and Rhodes, the publishers of the Chronicle, their printers for the ensuing year.
A respectable seafaring gentleman informs, that the star Venus, which was so distinctly seen during the Eclipse, was 43 d. 55 m. and 20 seconds from the sun.— Freeman's Journal.
FROM THE BOSTON CHRONICLE.
The following is the letter of acceptance, which the hon. Levi Lincoln, sent to the senate and house of representatives on being informed of his election as counselor.—Such sentiments coming from such a source must have great weight with the public.
To the honorable the senate, and the honorable the house of representatives of the commonwealth of massachusetts. GENTLEMEN,
I yesterday received notice that I had been chosen by the joint ballot of both houses a counselor of this state for the ensuing year. I should have been better pleased had the public attention been directed to some gentleman more disposed to public business, and more capable of transacting it. I am now in a situation, for which I have been sighing many years; resident at my own home, engaged in agricultural pursuits, improving the fruits of thirty years labor and fatigue; prosperous in the prosperity of our country, happy in its unrivalled happiness, my ambition is, as it always has been, not offices, nor their emoluments, but the humble honor of doing my duty, and serving my friends, and the public in a private station. This with the moderate means of rural enjoyments, accomplishes all my wishes in respect to myself. For the attainment of this, I have submitted to a separation from family and near connections for more than half my life. But strong as are my motives and allurements to retirement, strengthened as they have been by observation and reflection, which my own experience has furnished; fixed and devoted as have been my determinations to this line of conduct, they again yield, yield to the superior gratification promised from acting in concert with the public wish, in my native state, the harmonizing with her sister states in a dignified confidence and attachment to our national government under the ad-
ministration of men, whose integrity, ability, moderation, and ceaseless and solicitous exertions for the general welfare, especially of its illustrious head, I have individually witnessed.
My grateful acknowledgements to both houses of the legislature, for a very distinguished testimony of their esteem and confidence, will be best expressed, regardless of personal considerations, by my acceptance of the office, to which they have elected me, and by my greatest endeavors in the discharge of its constitutional duties, to preserve and advance what my conscience shall tell me will be the best interest of our happy country.
In two or three days, so soon as some private concerns can be disposed of, rendered indispensable by previous arrangements, I will attend the call of the public at the seat of government. I have the honor to be, gentlemen, most respectfully, your most obedient and very humble servant,
LEVI LINCOLN. Worcester, June 16, 1806.
FROM THE SALEM REGISTER.
The accounts of the massacre of the whites at St. Domingo, have been confirmed, but it was partial. A few were saved and from this circumstance we may conclude that we have not the full history of this transaction in the mere jealousies of the blacks. Malouet, who published after 26 years what was submitted to the government in 1775, has given a short account of the slaves, of which we shall give the substance. "I have observed that the soil is cultivated by negro slaves. That heat will not allow the whites to labor abroad in the fields. Hence it has been necessary to transplant the laborers from their burning climate, and to establish by law the dreaded right of the stranger, which creates the vast difference between the master and the slave. Our manners have an undoubted effect, and all human colonists render their negroes more happy than our peasants in France. But when avarice rules, the black man is the instrument of culture, which will be obtained at the least possible expense. The rich planters are more indulgent than is generally thought in Europe, but the slave of a dishonest or embarrassed planter is truly to be pitied. A few yards of coarse cloth a year for his clothing, and a small piece of ground to be cultivated, when they ought to be at rest, is the substance of a slave. The rest of his time, of his strength, and of his hard labor, belong to his master, who is severe while the law without effect, suffers him to escape without punishment. Hence despair, revenge, poison, and flame. Such are the relations of the master and slave. In St. Domingo then are two governments, with different principles, that of public authority, and domestic rule. Two systems of power, two ends of restraints, and two laws of justice result.—This distinction has not been enough regarded, and its effects upon the administration, and the security of the colony. If every thing else should be well conducted, this object, always important, has always been wrongly viewed, and no just conviction has prevailed that this derangement is sufficient at length to overthrow the colony. We see crimes multiplied. The black code was formed when experience gave no existence. The proper relations and the proper restraint have not been marked, to lessen the evils of slavery, and present the cruelty of those who governed them. If good planters have been rewarded for their duty, still cruelty has not found that protection which was given to the deplorable victims of its barbarity. This justice and policy demanded. Both would afford the slave his necessary rest, his sufficient food, his proper clothing, his reasonable punishment, and full care of the sick and infirm. For the colonist who is not convinced of these duties, the aid of government cannot be asked. As to the freedom of the blacks, it is impossible, without the destruction of the colonies. But it is possible, useful and indispensable, to regulate, with more wisdom, the treatment, and service of the negroes." But the French government was more disposed at first to grant liberty, than prevent abuse. And by attempts to recall the liberty they had given, they have aggravated all the calamities of slavery and rendered the misery of the slaves complete.
sists of but fourteen sail of the line. Three taken by the British off St. Domingo, and the Marengo taken by Sir J. B. Warren, makes the French thirteen sail of the line, and the British two hundred and forty seven sail of the line; eight more than all the rest of the world.
NAVAL FORCE OF EUROPE.
From Steel's List of the Royal Navy corrected to March, 1806.
The following statement of the naval force of Europe, subsequent to the battle of Trafalgar, in 1805, as we believe it to be very nearly correct, may perhaps be acceptable to our readers:
  Line of battle ships. Frigates.    Great Britain 243 219  Russia 60 100  Spain 57 44  Sweden 26 13  Denmark 12 23  Turkey 20 4  France 19 43  Batavian Republic 16 15  Portugal 10 5  Naples and Sicily 6 9  Etruria 2 4  Ragusa 0 12  Ecclesiastical State 0 5  432 496  Deduct British 243 239  Total No. of foreign 239 277  Deduct 5 sail taken by Admiral Duckworth; the French navy, at present, con-  
At Bonaparte's first solemn levee, after his return to Paris, notices were sent round to those who were to attend, in a billet to the following effect:
"The prefect of the palace, has the honor to inform you, that to-morrow, Jan. 31, at two o'clock, you will be permitted to testify your veneration to their imperial and royal majesties seated on their thrones." The audience began about two o'clock, when the persons summoned by the court, passed by the thrones one after another. The etiquette was to make three obediences; the first standing opposite the throne; the second, on approaching near to it; and the third, after retiring a few paces from it. Not a word was spoken at the levee. The corps diplomatique was not present.— London futher.
The following article has been running the gauntlet through seven tenths of the public papers—it is however neither more nor less than an injudicious amplification of a real fact, in which not an English captain, but our Pennsylvania judge Brackenridge was the real author—the judge very humorously advised his adversary to chalk out a figure as large as the judge upon a barn door, and fire at it—and if he hit the chalked figure then the antagonist should be entitled to as much honor and fame as if he had hit the original.— Aurora.
"Dueling.—A captain in the English army in answer to a person from whom he had received a challenge, wrote as follows:
"I have two objections to this duel matter. The one is lest I should hurt you; and the other is, lest you should hurt me. I do not see what good it would do me to put a bullet through any part of your body. I could make no use of you when dead, for any culinary purpose, as I would a rabbit or a turkey. I am no cannibal to feed on the flesh of men. Why then shoot down a human creature, of which I could make no use. A buffalo would be better meat. For though your flesh might be delicate and tender, yet it wants that firmness and consistency which takes and retains salt. At any rate it would not be fit for long sea voyages. You might make a good barbecue, it is true, being of the nature of a raccoon or an opossum; but people are not in the habit of barbecuing anything human now. As to your hide, it is not worth taking off being little better than that of a year old colt. As to myself I do not like much to stand in the way of any thing that is harmful. I am under apprehensions you might hit me—That being the case; I think it most advisable to stay at a distance: If you want to try your pistols, take some object, a tree, or a barn door, about my dimensions. If you hit that, send me word, and I shall acknowledge, that if I had been in the same place, you might also have hit me."
THE ECLIPSE.
As seen at Poughkeepsie, New York. "The singular Phenomena observable on the total Eclipse of the Sun, which occurred yesterday, has probably been remarked by thousands. The face of nature changing from shade to shade until the Sun became completely obscured. The darkness then for about three minutes was equal to deep twilight; the stars were visible in various parts of the horizon, the planet Venus shining with great brilliancy. Fowls ascended their roosts—the cocks crowed as at the breaking of day—birds hovered among the bushes and bees were flitting along the air. A sudden chillness pervaded the atmosphere, and night at mid day, seemed to involve the earth, until the glorious luminary, bursting from its confinement, instantly dissipated the gloom, and gradually restored the day. Just before, and after the total obscuration, innumerable vapory shadows, of various forms, were seen, in tremulous motions on the surface of the earth, resembling the undulations of the ocean.— Barometer.
As seen at Salem, Massachusetts. Yesterday the great Solar Eclipse took place agreeably to the calculation which has been made. The day was very favorable to viewing it. The air was remarkably clear, and there was not a cloud in the hemisphere. As the sun shut in, the stars appeared, and many were visible at the time of total darkness. A considerable alteration in the temperature of the atmosphere was felt during the continuance of the Eclipse.
CUSTOM HOUSE—RICHMOND.
ENTERED.
 Schr. Harriot, Edwards, Baltimore.  John, Bassett, Do.  Virginia, Clark, Norfolk.  Sloop Adventurer, Town, Philadelphia.  Independence, Scull, Egg Harbor.  Schr. Lydia, Sleeman, Do.  Beady, Smoot, Norfolk.  Robert & Martha, Woodward, New York.  Clotilda, Jeffries, Philadelphia.  Seaman, Seaman, New York.  Sloop Asia, Pryor, Do. 
CLEARED.
 Schr. Brothers, Rose, Norfolk.  Concord, Shepherd, New York.  Miranda, Tooker, Philadelphia.  Alliance, Rocke, New York. 
(By Authority.)
AN ACT
Making appropriations for carrying into effect certain Indian treaties. BE it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled. That for the purpose of carrying into effect a treaty between the United States and the Delawares, Potawatimies, Miamies, Eel ri-
ver and Weaws, holden at Grouseland, near Vincennes, on the twenty first day of August, one thousand eight hundred and five, the sum of one thousand six hundred dollars, is hereby appropriated to be paid to the said tribes annually, as follows: to the Miamies, six hundred dollars; to the Eel river tribe, two hundred and fifty dollars; to the Weaws, two hundred and fifty dollars; which several annuities shall be permanent; and to the Potawatimies, annually, for the term of ten years, and no longer, the sum of five hundred dollars in addition to former annuities.
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That for the purpose of carrying into effect a treaty between the United States and the Wyandot, Ottawa, Munsee and Delaware, Shawanese and Potawatimie nations, holden at Fort Industry, on the fourth day of July, one thousand eight hundred and five, the annual sum of eight hundred and twenty-five dollars be, and the same is hereby appropriated.
Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, That for the purpose of carrying into effect two treaties between the United States and the Cherokee Indians, holden at Tellico, on the twenty fifth and twenty seventh days of October, one thousand eight hundred and five, a sum of fifteen thousand six hundred dollars, and the further annual sum of three thousand dollars be, and the same is hereby appropriated.
Sec. 4. And be it further enacted, That for the purpose of carrying into effect a convention between the United States and the Creek nation of Indians, concluded at the city of Washington, on the fourteenth day of November, one thousand eight hundred and five, a sum of twelve thousand dollars annually, for eight years, and the sum of eleven thousand dollars annually, for the term of ten years, next thereafter succeeding, be, and the same are hereby appropriated.
Sec. 5. And be it further enacted, That the several sums appropriated by this act, shall be paid out of any money in the treasury not otherwise appropriated.
NATHL. MACON, Speaker of the House of Representatives. S. SMITH, President of the Senate pro tempore. April 21, 1806.—APPROVED. TH. JEFFERSON.
AN ACT
Supplementary to the act entitled "An act to extend jurisdiction in certain cases to the territorial courts." BE it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the provisions of the act entitled "An act for providing compensation for the marshals, clerks, attorneys, jurors and witnesses, in the courts of the United States, and to repeal certain parts of the acts therein mentioned, and for other purposes," passed February the twenty-eighth, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-one, be, and the same hereby are extended to the territories of the United States, so far as the said act may relate to the provisions of the act entitled "An act to extend jurisdiction in certain cases to the territorial courts," passed March the third, one thousand eight hundred and five, excepting that the clerks of the said territorial courts shall not receive the additional five dollars per day, allowed to the clerks of the circuit and district courts by the third section of the act first abovenominated.
NATHL. MACON, Speaker of the House of Representatives. S. SMITH, President of the Senate pro tempore. April 18, 1806.—APPROVED. TH. JEFFERSON.
AN ACT
Supplementary to the act making provision for the payment of claims of citizens of the United States on the government of France. BE it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the secretary of the treasury shall cause to be paid, at the treasury of the United States, the amount of certain claims of citizens of the United States against the government of France, arising from the Bordeaux embargo, in conformity with a certified list of liquidations, attested by the minister of the public treasury of France, and transmitted by the minister plenipotentiary of the United States, at Paris, to the said secretary; which payment shall be made for such sums, respectively, as are stated in the above mentioned list of liquidations, to such persons, respectively, as the accounting officers of the treasury shall determine to be rightfully entitled to the same, and out of the monies heretofore appropriated for the purpose of discharging the claims of citizens of the United States against the government of France, the payment of which was assumed by the government of the United States, by virtue of the convention of the thirtieth April, one thousand eight hundred and three.
NATHL. MACON, Speaker of the House of Representatives. S. SMITH, President of the Senate pro tempore. April 18, 1806.—APPROVED. TH. JEFFERSON.
AN ACT
To repeal so much of any act or acts as authorize the receipt of evidences of the public debt, in payment for the lands of the United States, and for other purposes, relative to the public debt. BE it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That so much of any act or acts as authorized the receipt of evidences of the public debt, in payment for the lands of the United States, from and after the thirtieth day of April, one thousand eight hundred and six, be repealed: Provided, That the right of all persons who may have purchased public lands previous to the passage of this act, to pay for the same in stock, shall in no wise be affected or impaired: And provided, further, that there shall be allowed on every payment made in money, at or before the same shall fall due, for lands purchased before the thirtieth day of April, one thousand eight hundred and six, in addition to the discounts now allowed by law, a deduction equal to the difference at the time of such payment, between the market price of six per cent. stock and the nominal value of its unredeemed amount, which market price shall, from time to time, be stated by the secretary of the Treasury to the officers of the several land offices. Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That the commissioners of the sinking fund shall not be au-
thorized to purchase any of the several species of the public debt, at a higher price than at the rates following, that is to say: they shall not pay more for three per cent. stocks than sixty per cent. of its nominal value; nor for any other species of the public debt more than the nominal value of its unredeemed amount, the eight per cent. stock only excepted; for which they shall be authorized, in addition thereto, to give at the rate of one half of one per cent. on the said nominal value, for each quarterly dividend which may be payable on such purchased stock, from the time of such purchase to the first day of January, one thousand eight hundred and nine.
Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, That so much of any act as directs that purchases of the public debt, by the commissioners of the sinking fund, shall be made within the thirty days next ensuing after each day on which a quarterly payment of interest on the debt of the United States shall become due; and also so much of any act as directs that the said purchases shall be made by open purchase, or by sealed proposals, be, and the same hereby is repealed. And said commissioners are hereby authorized to make such purchases, under the restrictions laid by the preceding section, in such manner and at such times and places as they shall deem most eligible, and for that purpose to appoint an agent or agents to whom they may allow a commission not exceeding one fourth of one per cent. on the respective purchases of such agents.
NATHL. MACON, Speaker of the House of Representatives. S. SMITH, President of the Senate pro tempore. April 18, 1806.—APPROVED. TH. JEFFERSON.
Treasury Department of the United States, June 21, 1806.
WHEREAS the Commissioners of the Sinking Fund, at a meeting held on the 28th day of April, 1806, did resolve, that the sum remaining to complete the expenditure of the annual appropriation of EIGHT MILLIONS OF DOLLARS, should among other purposes be applied to the reimbursement of the NAVY SIX PER CENT STOCK, treated in pursuance of an act of Congress, passed on the 30th day of June, 1798, and to the reimbursement of the FIVE AND A HALF PER CENT STOCK, created in pursuance of an act of Congress, passed on the 3d day of March, 1795.
This is therefore to give notice, that the principal of the said NAVY SIX PER CENT STOCK, with the interest due thereon, will, on surrender of the certificates, be paid the 1st day of October next ensuing the date hereof, to the respective stockholders or their lawful representatives or attorneys duly constituted and authorized, either at the Treasury or at the Loan Office; as the case may be, where credits have been given for the amount of stock, respectively held by them; and that the principal of the FIVE AND A HALF PER CENT STOCK, with the interest due thereon, will in like manner, and at the same places, be paid on the 1st day of January, 1807, to the respective stockholders, or their lawful representatives or attorneys duly constituted and authorized.
It is further made known, for the information of the parties concerned, that no transfers of the NAVY SIX PER CENT STOCK, either from or to the books of the Treasury, or from or to the books of a Commissioner of Loans, will be allowed after the 1st day of September ensuing, nor of the FIVE AND A HALF PER CENT STOCK, after the 1st day of December ensuing. And the interest on all certificates of said stocks, which shall not have been surrendered, in pursuance of this notification, will cease and determine, on the day preceding the day hereby fixed for the reimbursement thereof.
Albert Gallatin, Secretary of the Treasury. MR. JOHN JOUET I, IN THE STATE OF KENTUCKY.
SIR, On the 2d of August next, at the tavern occupied by George Payne, at Goochland courthouse, between the hours of ten in the forenoon & sunset, I shall take the depositions of Col. George Payne and Capt. William Gay; and on the 5th of the same month at the Bell Tavern, in the city of Richmond, between the same hours of the day, the deposition of Mr Wm O. Winslow, to be used as evidence in my suit, depending in Henrico county court against you. Yours, Thomas Miller.
ADVERTISEMENT.
THIS is to notify to the persons concerned, that there was shipped by A. M'Finley, of Baltimore, 22 Spanish Hides and one Cask of Oil, for this port, without giving a any information of the consignee—and there having been no application made to me for the same, I have left them in the lumberhouse of Mr. Richard Young, with directions to deliver the same to the said consignee, on his applying to him with satisfactory vouchers, and paying the freight, storage and the expense of this advertisement. Thomas Edwards.
For Freight or Charter, The fast sailing Schooner CHARMING MARY. Burthen 1200 barrels, for terms apply to C. POTTER.
N. B. C. Potter informs his friends and the public in general, that the fourth of July will be commemorated at his Porter House at Ricketts; a Dinner will be prepared for those that may think proper to favor them with their company. Turtle Soup will be furnished from 11 P M to 11 A M
FOR SALE, A Likely Negro Woman & Child. Enquire of the printer, June 30 1806.
JUST RECEIVED, FROM BORDEAUX,
A LARGÉ assortment of CLARET WINE, of different qualities; Champaigne, Mousseux, White Sautern, Ven di Grave Burgundy, Lafietti, Muscat of Frontignan, Old Medoc, of different qualities, French Anchovies, Fresh Olives, Capers, and Superfine Sweet Oil—For Sale, on reasonable terms by Alexander Plainville. Richmond, June 27, 1806
WHEREAS I gave my note to Wm. I. Stone, January 20th last, for forty one dollars and eighty seven and a half cents—I hereby forewarn all persons from taking an assignment thereof, as it is fully paid. John S. Pleasants. Richmond, June 30th 1806.
** Subscribers to the DEBATES of the VIRGINIA CONVENTION, and to GIBBON'S HISTORY of the DECLINE and FALL of the ROMAN EMPIRE, are requested to apply at this office, where their copies are now ready for delivery.

WANTED as House-keeper, in a large family, an elderly Lady who can come well recommended. Liberal wages will be given. Enquire of the printer. Nov 6, 1805.
JUST RECEIVED and for Sale by the Subscribers, an extensive assortment of GROCERIES, AMONG WHICH ARE THE FOLLOWING ARTICLES: Muscovado Sugar, as sorted W India Coffee Antigua and Jamaica Rum Country do. Cognac & Peach Brandy Holland Gin W. India and Sugar House Molasses J. P. Madeira Wine Port, Sherry and Madeira do. Hebbett's Brown Stout Martinique and Bordeaux Cordials. Basket Salt Do in Sacks & Loose Bullock's Cheese Caldwell, Frasure & Cos. Sup. Chocolate Rice Nutmegs, Pepper, Ginger and Pimento Mace and Cloves Oil, Olives and Capers Gun Powder, Young Hyson & Souchong Tea Canister Containing 1 1/2 and 3 lbs. Gun Powder Picked Salmon Cut Herring and Shad Patent Shot, assorted A regular supply of LOAF SUGAR in the hogshead and barrel at the Philadelphia price. Fisher & Lesueur. May 20, 1806. (if)
W. WARDLAW Is receiving a large supply of MEDICINES, SURGEON'S INSTRUMENTS, FAMILY MEDICINE, CHESTS, &c. by the Process, from London. Richmond, May 6, 1805. (if)
Advertisement. IN consequence of a resolution of the General Assembly, passed at their late session, I am instructed by the Executive to make enquiry respecting the situation of all Ordnance and Military Stores, belonging to the state (not including those in the service of the United States or of this State) and make report thereof to the Governor. In obedience to this instruction, and as the most probable mean of effecting the object contemplated by the Executive, I have thought proper thus publicly to request of such of the citizens of the commonwealth as may have any knowledge of the situation, number, quality and size or weight of any cannon or other ordnance, and muskets; cannon balls, shells or other military stores, supposed to belong to the state, and not in immediate use, to communicate a particular report thereof to me as soon as convenient. SAMUEL COLEMAN, Clerk to the Executive. Richmond, Feb. 7, 1806. (if)
TO BE RENTED, THE TENEMENT where I now reside, and possession given in June. April 9th, 1805. J. PENN.
JUST PUBLISHED, AND FOR SALE AT THIS OFFICE, A PAMPHLET, Containing Sketches of the History of FRANCE and ENGLAND—And an account of NAPOLEON BONAPARTE, Emperor of France, from his birth to the battle of Austerlitz—price 3s. April 28, 1806. (if)
WHEAT FANS, FOR SALE, BY C. & T. SAUNDERS, Near the Basin of the Canal. May 23, 1806. (if)
Manchester Turnpike Company. SALE OF SHARES. NOTICE is hereby given, that all shares upon which the tenth requisition shall remain unpaid, will be offered for sale, at Mr. Brooks's tavern, on Saturday the 19th of July next—the sale to commence at 12 o'clock in the forenoon.
GENERAL MEETING. As a sufficient number of members to constitute a meeting, did not attend on Saturday the 14th instant, I am therefore authorised to give notice, that a meeting of the company will be held at Mr. Brooks's tavern, on Saturday the 19th of July next, when it is expected the members will be punctual in their attendance, which business of importance to the interest of the company, particularly requires. JAMES BRANDER, CLK. Manchester, 17th June, 1806. tdm
FOR SALE, At the store of A. HEWES & CO opposite the market, ALEXANDRIA CRACKERS, in half bbls & kegs—ENGLISH WALNUTS, fresh LEMONS & ORANGES, NEW ENG. LAND RUM of high proof, in barrels; which they lately received and will sell low for cash. Richmond, June 24th, 1806. (if)
FOR RENT, A possession given at Christmas, the PLANTATION and DWELLING HOUSE, which is very convenient, belonging to the estate of the late Major Stephen Southall, lying on the Westham road, about three miles from Richmond. For terms apply to G. F. Stras. Richmond, June 24, 1806. (if)
FOR SALE, TWO TRACTS OF LAND, lying in the county of Fluvanna, one of them on Hardscrabble river, and within 1 1/2 miles of James-river, containing 385 acres—One on Cary's Creek and within one mile of the north fork of James-river, containing 364 acres. A further description is deemed unnecessary, as it is presumed that no person will purchase without viewing the same; which will be shown by the subscriber living in Albemarle. WILLIAM MOON. June 5th, 1806. 1m
Bail and Delivery Bonds For sale at this office.
Geo. Watt HAS removed from the store he formerly occupied to a brick house on the cross street leading from the main street to Shockoe warehouse, where he has on hand and offers to dispose of on moderate terms, by wholesale, The following Articles, viz: Loaf and Muscovado Sugars, N. England, W. Island, and Antigua Rum, Cognac, Barcelona and Apple Brandy, Sherry and Malaga Wine, Coffee of a superior quality, Molasses, Ginger and Fig Blue, Young Hyson and Imperial Tea, 400 Sacks Liverpool Salt, Patent Shot, assorted sizes—And The remainder of his Stock of Dry Goods, consisting principally of articles suited to the present and approaching season; which he will either sell on a credit of 3, 6 and 9 months, for notes negotiable at the Bank of Virginia, with approved endorsers, or barter for Tobacco, Flour or Hemp. Cash given for Tobacco. Richmond, 22d March, 1805.
FOR SALE. THAT well known and very valuable farm belonging to the estate of Samuel Couch, dea. lying on James River, near Goochland court house, containing about 900 Acres of LAND, about half of which is well-timbered wood land; about 300 acres of River Low Grounds and from 50 to 100 acres of valuable Creek Bottom. The cleared land is well enclosed and improved, with convenient dwelling and out houses in good repair, with a commodious Store. A valuable Mill, and a choice collection of about 1,500 bearing fruit trees. The terms of sale may be known on application to Daniel Couch on the premises (who will show the land to any person inclined to purchase) or to Micajah Crew in Hanover. The above tract of land contains improvements and accommodations for two families, and, if more agreeable to the purchasers, they may be divided and sold separately. MICAJAH CREW, ANN COUCH. Ex'or. & Ex'ix. of S. Couch.
SALES AT AUCTION. ON Wednesday the 2d of July next, will be sold by Auction, on the premises, if not previously disposed of at private sale, that valuable BRICK TENEMENT on Shockoe hill; opposite to Mrs. Page's, now occupied by Mr. James H. Lynch—Terms of payment, one and two years credit, the purchaser to give a deed of trust on the property, to secure the payment of the purchase money. TAYLOR & BROWN, Auctioneers. June 5th 1806. tds
WHERAS I purchased of Jesse Miller, now of Cumberland county, a certain tract of land, lying on Randolph's creek, in Buckingham county, and gave three bonds for the balance due for the said land, each bond for £280 18s 4d—the first of said bonds due on the first day of March, 1807, the second due the first day of March, 1808, and the third due the first day of March, 1809. The said land did belong to Thomas Miller, of Powhatan county, who conveyed it by deed of trust to Edward Carrington, and afterwards sold it to said Jesse Miller, who conveyed it to me by deed, which deed was recorded in the county court of Buckingham. I am informed that Mrs. Thomas Miller will not relinquish her right of dower on said land, and that Mrs. Jesse Miller, who likewise has a right of dower on said land, has not yet relinquished it—I therefore forewarn all persons from trading for said bonds, as I will not pay any more money for said land, until all the abovementioned incumbrances are removed. Samuel Woodfin. Powhatan Cty, June 2, 1806. [4w 3w*]
MATTRASSES. CAN be had on very short notice, MATTRASSES of all sizes & kinds, agreeably to order, in the corner house, same square, below Mr. Jos. Darmstadt's, near the market, and next door to Mr. Jacob Johnson's book store.—Also, BEDS furnished, and old matresses worked over. Jno. S. Pleafants. June 5, 1806.
TO BE SOLD, FOR cash, at Orange courthouse, on Monday the 28th day of July next, by virtue of a deed of trust, to me executed, by William G. Allen, for the purpose of discharging his debts to Rives, Murphy & Co. and Willis Willis & Co. therein specified. ONE NEGRO BOY named Charles, one named Taylor—and ONE NEGRO GIRL, named Lucy. Daniel Higginbotham, Trustee. Amherst, June 11, 1806. 4w
IN PURSUANCE of a general rule adopted by the Court of Hustings, of this city, NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, That an application has been made by William Allen Hanley, for a license to Manufacture Tobacco, within the said city—the consideration of which is postponed until the next session of the said court. Geo. Chisman, D. C. Richmond, June 10th, 1806. (14)
FOR SALE, THAT valuable TRACT OF LAND, on which Cumberland Courthouse stands—It contains about TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTY ACRES, one half of which is yet uncultivated. Besides the advantage of having the Courthouse on this tract of land, it is situated on one of the most public roads in Virginia; as a public stand there are none that can surpass it. The buildings, with some repairing, may be made sufficiently extensive and comfortable. Part cash will be expected of the purchaser, when possession is given; a reasonable credit will be allowed for the balance or if it should suit the purchaser better, limited property will be received in part. Great Taylor and Blake B Woodfin, both of Cumberland county, are authorised to sell the aforesaid tract of land. Or the same may be purchased of the subscriber in Buckingham county, near Allen's Mill. BEVERLY LANGHORNE. June 10th, 1806. 4m
FOR SALE, TWO TRACTS OF LAND, lying in the county of Fluvanna, one of them on Hardscrabble river, and within 1 1/2 miles of James-river, containing 385 acres—One on Cary's Creek and within one mile of the north fork of James-river, containing 364 acres. A further description is deemed unnecessary, as it is presumed that no person will purchase without viewing the same; which will be shown by the subscriber living in Albemarle. WILLIAM MOON. June 5th, 1806. 1m
W the subscribers, Judges of the General Court, have pursuant to law allotted the Judges of the respective District courts as follows: William Nelson, Jr. and Robert White, Esqrs. to the District of Winchester, Hardy and Montgomery counties; Joseph Pienis and John Tyler, Esqrs. to the Districts of Richmond, Petersburg, Brunswick courthouse and Suffolk; Edmund Winston and Paul Carrington, Jr. Esqrs. to the Districts of Prince Edward courthouse, Franklin, Washington courthouse, and the Sweet Springs, in Botetourt county; Richard Parker and Hugh Holmes, Esqrs. to the Districts of Northumberland, King and Queen, Williamsburg and Accomack courthouses; and Archibald S. Martin, Francis T. Brooke, Esqrs. to Staunton, Charlottesville, Fredericksburg and Haymarket Districts, at the next succeeding terms thereof. Witness our hands and seals, this thirteenth day of June, one thousand eight hundred and six. John Tyler, (Seal.) Wm. Nelson, Jr. (Seal.) Fr's T. Brooke, (Seal.) Published by order of the Judges. Wilson Allen, C. G. C.
BY THE GOVERNOR OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA. A PROCLAMATION. WHERAS the Uniform established by the Executive for the Militia of this Commonwealth and declared by Proclamation bearing date the first day of March last, in pursuance of the eighth section of the act of the General Assembly, passed at the last session, "Further to amend the several acts concerning the Militia of this Commonwealth," hath, in some particulars, been considered inconvenient by the people generally, and repeated applications have been presented to the Executive in behalf of the Militia in various and numerous parts of the state, representing that very few, if any, of the Militia, have as yet, provided themselves with the uniform lately established, and praying certain alterations therein: I have therefore thought fit, with the advice of the Council of State, to issue this Proclamation, hereby declaring that the uniform of the Militia of this Commonwealth shall be as follows, to wit: For the General Officers. A dark blue coat, skirts lined with buff, cape, lapels and cuffs buff, yellow buttons, gold epaulets (one on each shoulder) black cocked hat with black cockade, and black stock. For the Artillery. A blue coat, skirts lined with red, cape, lapels and cuffs red, vest buff, overall blue, edged with red, black garters, yellow buttons, a cocked black hat with red cockade. For the Light Infantry. A dark blue short coat with half lapels, cape and cuffs white, white lining and buttons, vest and overall white, with black garters, black half boots, black stock, cocked hat with black cockade. For the Grenadiers. A dark blue coat, cape, lapels and cuffs white, white lining and buttons, vest and overall white, with black garters, black half boots, black stock, cocked hat with black cockade. For the Riflemen. A linen hunting shirt of purple color, with overall of the same, feather mockskins or shoes, round hat cocked on the left side, with black cockade and black stock. For the main body of the Militia. A blue hunting shirt trimmed with red fringe, white overall and black garters, round hat cocked on the left side with black cockade and black and red plume, black garters or half boots.—The officers' uniform to be a dark blue coat, cape, lapels and cuffs red, white lining and buttons, vest and pantaloons white, with black garters, black stock, cocked hat with black cockade. For the Cavalry. A short dark blue coat, with yellow buttons, white lining, half lapels, cuffs and cape red, white vest & leather breeches, jack boots, spurs, black stock and black leather cap dressed on the crown with bearskin and decorated with a light blue sash and red and white plume. The officers of the main body of the Militia, of the Light Infantry, Grenadiers, Riflemen and Cavalry, to be distinguished by epaulets of silver; the officers of the Artillery to be distinguished by epaulets of gold. The field officers to wear two epaulets, the captains one on the right and the subalterns one on the left shoulder. All officers to wear side arms and boots. Provided however, That where any troop of cavalry, company of artillery, grenadiers, light infantry, riflemen, or of the main body of the militia, shall have provided themselves with an uniform different from that herein prescribed, they are respectively permitted to wear the same for three years from and after the date hereof. Given under my hand as Governor, with the Seal of the Commonwealth annexed, L. s. at Richmond, this 14th day of June, 1806. (Signed) Wm. H. CABELL.
LAND FOR SALE. AGREABLE to a decree of Gloucester County Court, will be sold, to the highest bidder, on the premises, on Thursday the 17th of July next, a valuable TRACT OF LAND, belonging to the estate of John Howlett, dec. containing 400 acres; there is on the said land, a good brick dwelling house, in good repair, and all necessary out houses, with an excellent apple orchard. This land is situated about four miles from the Courthouse, and about the same distance from navigation. The soil is well adapted to the growth of corn, wheat and tobacco. Twelve months credit will be allowed the purchaser, on giving bond with approved security. THOS. BAYTOP, Ex'or. June 19th, 1806. 3w
Discoveries of Lewis and his Party, in Louisiana. A few copies of the above interesting work, just received, and for SALE, at the Post Office, Williamsburg, and at this office. May 5, 1806
RURICOLA'S DISCOVERY Just published and for sale at this office, [PRICE TWENTY FIVE CENTS.]
BILIOUS CONTAGION, Add-ressed respectfully to the QUARANTINE LAW, TO THE NOTICE OF THE HONORABLE THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF VIRGINIA. Enlarged for its second impression, by further observation. BY TRAVIS TUCKER. June 4, 1806. w3t
TICKETS in the Second Class of the William and Mary College Lottery are for sale at this office. A few copies of the American Clerk's Magazine, Or, POCKET CONFESSOR, Are just received at S. Pleafants' Book-Store.
FOR SALE, TWO TRACTS OF LAND, lying in the county of Fluvanna, one of them on Hardscrabble river, and within 1 1/2 miles of James-river, containing 385 acres—One on Cary's Creek and within one mile of the north fork of James-river, containing 364 acres. A further description is deemed unnecessary, as it is presumed that no person will purchase without viewing the same; which will be shown by the subscriber living in Albemarle. WILLIAM MOON. June 5th, 1806. 1m
FOR SALE, TWO TRACTS OF LAND, lying in the county of Fluvanna, one of them on Hardscrabble river, and within 1 1/2 miles of James-river, containing 385 acres—One on Cary's Creek and within one mile of the north fork of James-river, containing 364 acres. A further description is deemed unnecessary, as it is presumed that no person will purchase without viewing the same; which will be shown by the subscriber living in Albemarle. WILLIAM MOON. June 5th, 1806. 1m
Bail and Delivery Bonds For sale at this office.
A request to the Benevolent and Humane. WHERAS in September last, I took John Jones, son of Mary Jones, a lad then about twelve years of age, from the Berkeley Spring to this city, under a mistaken notion, that his mother had a right, (since she actually exercised it) to bind her son to me, and when as the said John Jones, getting probably informed, as I have since been, of the nullity of the Indenture, did on the 21st or 22d of October, after my setting out for Alexandria, leave my house and staid several days at Mr. Albert's, a baker, on Shockoe hill, by whom he was bro't back, but left my house a second time on the same or next day, (as I have been informed on my return) saying, that he wished to go back to his mother; that he knew every step of the road, and should find in Fredericksburg plenty of wagons to carry him to Winchester; and whereas I learned lately to my great surprise, from Capt. John Hunter, at the Berkeley Spring, to whom I had occasion to write, that the said John Jones had neither been seen, nor heard of, which has been confirmed since by a letter from his mother to me. I therefore request, by this public notice, all and every person, or persons, who may harbor the before named John Jones, or know his place of abode or what has become of him, to communicate their intelligence to his disconsolate mother, at the Berkeley Spring, or to the subscriber in Richmond. G. F. Stras. June 21, 1806. St
OSCAR, Full sixteen hands high, imported by me in 1804, after having been ten years before, and satisfied myself as to his reputation, is now in fine health, full of vigor and muscular strength, and will be let to mares the ensuing season, at my stables in Charles City county. Sandy Point, at Six Guineas the season, which may be discharged by the payment of Five Guineas, on or before the tenth day of August next; Three Guineas the leap, and Ten to insure a foal; a Dollar to the groom—Pastures as extensive as any in the state and inferior to none for fine natural grass, especially the white clover, which abounds to a wonderful degree in the months of April, May and June, as also after harvest, that succession of crab and other grass, which so plentifully takes place here, will be afforded, with entertainment for servants, free from charge. No liability for involuntary escapes nor will I be responsible for any injuries or accidents which may not be the result of wanton neglect or abuse, as I here give my word to the public, that no pains nor affidavit shall be wanting on my parts, to render satisfaction without respect to persons, to every gentleman, who thinks it to send mares for the season—This very extraordinary stallion cost me when landed in this State, greatly upwards of one thousand pounds, and without meaning to detract from the merits of any other, I can safely venture to say, is the most perfect horse in Virginia; for the most critical observer has not yet been able to discover a single defect or blemish in him, either as to activity, strength, or beauty. Nothing can excel him in the neck, ear and eye; so bold, gay, and full of fire is he, that he fascinates in spite of prejudice, every beholder, that instant he is bro't into view. I would endeavor to give a full description of him, for the satisfaction of those gentlemen who cannot conveniently visit me, but in the attempt I might do him injustice, and therefore I invite the most scrupulous examination of him, even by those who think themselves competent judges in this respect, and I do not fear the result. In short, it will not be deemed extravagant to say, he is, of his kind, the best effort of nature. OSCAR is a dark brown, was got by Saltram, the best horse in his day, (who was the sire of Whirlaway and many good racers)—his dam by Highflyer, granddam by Herod, great granddam (Miss Middleton) by Regulus, great grand granddam (Camilla) by a son of Bay Bolton. Bartlett's Childers, Honeywood Arabian, dam of the two True Blues. In 1798, at New Market, at 3 years old he won a Handicap sweepstakes of 15 guineas each, two year old course, beating lord Clermont's b c by Dramator, Mr Howarth's b c Mouton, Mr Adams's b c Cypress, Mr Watson's b c Duplicit; two to one on Oscar. At Lambourn he was 2d best, 4 mile heats, against Heart of Oak and others, running 3 heats. In 1799 he won the Oatlands stakes of 50 gs. each, half ditch in (10 subscribers) beating lord Grosvenor's ch f Lady Bull, Mr Heathcote's b c Warner, sir F. Standish's b c Stamford, Mr Danford's Play or Pay, Mr Cookson's b h Ambrose, lord Clermont's b h Aimator, lord G. Cavendish's b h Jupiter. The judges could only place the first five. 2d May, the same year, he won at Bracket Hall, 50l. for all ages, heats about one mile and a quarter, beating Mr Charles Benbury's Combatant, 4 years old, Mr Bowes's Sadler, 5 years old. In Oct. he won the Oatlands stakes of 30 gs. each (18 subscribers) beating Mr Tharpe's b c Chippenham, Mr Williamson's b c Buzzard, out of Rachel, lord Clermont's Aimator, lord Grosvenor's ch f Lady Bull, Mr C. Bunbury's Wrangler, Mr F. Poole's b h by Dragon, Mr Howard's Spectator, Mr Ladbrooke's Humbug. The judge could only place the first three. In 1800, at New Market, April 14th, he won the Craven stakes, of 10 gs. each, across the Flat, at 4 years old, carrying 8 st 9 lbs free for all ages, beating the duke of Grafton's b c First Fruits, lord Clermont's b c by Meteor, Mr Cookson's b h Diamond, Mr Coventry's b c Voltaire, Mr O'Kelly's Grey Pilot, Mr Durand's Ramfchundra, (late Princess) Mr Dashwood's Play or Pay & F. Standish's b c by Peter, out of Storage. The judge could only place the first five. Even betting, Oscar against the field. In the same month and place, he won a subscription place of 50l. beating Mr R. Heathcote's ch f Georgiana, Mr Hallett's Quiz, Mr O'Kelly's Antim, lord Clermont's ch f Vernal, Mr Golding's b c by Balloon, Mr Travis's Ballarina, Mr Perrin's Pizarro, and lord Grosvenor's ch c by Buzzard. The judge could only place the first three, 7 to 4 on Oscar. He was second best for the King's plate of 100 gs for 4 years old, carrying 11 st running against Mr F. Poole's worthy, by Pot8os, and Mr F. Standish's b h by Stamford, 5 years old. In Oct. New Market, he received forfeit of Mr Heathcote's Warner, for 500 gs. across the Flat, half forfeit. For these remarkable instances of speed and bottom, in so young a horse, I refer the reader to the Racing Calendars for 1798, '99 and '00. Sandy Point, Feb. 1806. WJF M. B. The season will commence immediately
JUST RECEIVED, From Dr. Church's Dispensary New-York, and for sale at this Printing-Office, a fresh supply of the following Patent Medicines: CHURCH'S COUGH DROPS, A medicine unequalled by any in the world, for the cure of coughs, colds, asthma & consumptions. PATIROS LOZENGES, For the voice, hoarseness, colds, coughs, &c. &c. CHEMICAL ESSENCE AND EXTRACT OF MUSTARD, For the cure of the rheumatism, gout, rheumatic gout, palsy, white swelling, chilblains, &c. ANODYNE ESSENCE, for the head-ache. VOLATILE TINCTURE, for the tooth-ache. THE BOTANICAL TEA. INFALLIBLE GERMAN CORN PLAISTER, For the cure of corns. CHURCH'S ANALYPTIC FEMALE PILLS. SOOTH OINTMENT, Cures the most inveterate itch in four hours with out Mercury. EYE SALVE, for all disorders of the eyes. ANTISCORBUTIC TINCTURE, For the teeth, breath, and scurvy in the gum. ESSENCE OF SCURVY-GRASS, For preventing and curing the sea & land scurvy. FERNIFUGE LOZENGES, For destroying worms in children & grown persons. ANTISPASMODIC ELIXIR, For the cure of all kinds of Fits. CORDIAL RESTORATIVE BALSAM, For nervous disorders, debility, inward weakness &c. &c. VEGETABLE LOTION, For the face and skin, freckles, sun-burns, prickly heat, ring worms, tetter, &c. &c. DR. CHURCH'S ANTIBILIOUS PILLS, For the cure of malignant and bilious fevers, dyspepsia, jaundice, costiveness, acidity, cholera morbus, gravel, indigestion, loss of appetite, and all disorders of the head, stomach and bowels. THE GENUINE PATENT ALTERNATIVE PILLS, For the cure of scurvy, cutaneous disorders, the venereal disease, &c. HOOPER'S FEMALE PILLS. ESSENCE OF PEPPER MINT. DR. CHURCH'S TREATISE ON THE VENREAL. Containing plain and easy directions for the speedy and effectual cure of that disease in both sexes; whereby any person may cure themselves at a small expense—price half a dollar
TO BE RENTED, THE TENEMENT on the street leading from the Main street on Shockoe Hill by the Governor's, at present occupied by Mrs. Phelps as a Military Store and dwelling house; there is a large cellar, a room which she uses as a kitchen, a very convenient and well fixed store and camping room, upstairs a room 18 by 23 feet, another 14 by 16 feet, three sleeping rooms and a lumber room. It being on a street very much frequented, near the Capitol and Main street, it suits very well for a store or other business. The situation is healthy and pleasant. Also to let, four rooms in the TENEMENT wherein I live, that is, a dining room, drawing room, two bed rooms, part of the kitchen, stabling for two horses, and a place to put coal and wood. Wm. F. AST. Richmond, June 16, 1806. Iaw 3w
BREWERY FOR SALE. THE subscriber will SELL all his interest in that extensive BREWERY, which he occupies, situated on the river Potomac, in the city of Alexandria, district of Columbia of which 11 years of an unexpired lease from September, is to come. This Brewery is on a very extensive plan, having two copper boilers of 1200 and 500 gallons, with every working utensil complete—with malt house, kiln, mill, &c. To the copartner, this concern offers many inducements, 1300 barrels beer having been brewed by the subscriber for some seasons back, and is capable of being considerably extended; a barrel of Beer can be sent to the city of Washington and George Town at a few cents expense. Proposals will be received to the 1st July, and every necessary information may be had by letters, post paid, by applying to THOMAS CRUSE. Alexandria, 5th May, 1805. wj30
In Hanover County Court, 28th April 1806. Bumley and Brackenridge, Pts. Against Phoebe Jirvas, adm'x. of John Tyler, dec and David Tyler, heir at law of the said John Tyler, deceased. Defs. This day came the plaintiffs by their counsel, and the defendant David Tyler, not having entered his appearance, and given security according to the act of Assembly, and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court, that he is not an inhabitant of this country: On the motion of the plaintiffs, it is decreed and ordered, That the defendant David Tyler do appear here on the first day of the next term, and answer the bill of the plaintiffs, and that a copy of this order be forthwith published in some public newspaper printed in the city of Richmond for two months successively, and that another copy be posted at the front door of the courthouse of this county. A copy—Teste. THOS POLLARD D. C. H. C. Just received at this office, and ready for delivery to subscribers, VOL. FIRST, PART FIRST OF DR. REES'S NEW CYCLOPEDIA. The subscription is still open.
FOR SALE, as above. Sidney on Government Toller's Law of executors and administrators A general assortment of Carey's Family Bibles Gibbon's Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, a new edition, containing the life of the author. Ferguson's Roman Republic The Domestic Encyclopedia Miller's Retrospect of the 18th century New and elegant editions of the Latin and Greek Classics Anacharsi's travels in Greece Austen's travels, by the same author Austen's Letters from London during the years 1802 and 1803 Sanson's Letters from Italy and Switzerland in 1801 and 1802 Gordon's Civil War in Ireland Snowden's History of North and South America, from its discovery to the death of general Washington, two vols. in one Abbe Maury's principles of Eloquence Knox's hints to Public Speakers, with Jennings' Essays on the Eloquence of the pulpit in England The British Poets, in elegant pocket volumes, &c. &c. &c. wif
FOR SALE, TWO TRACTS OF LAND, lying in the county of Fluvanna, one of them on Hardscrabble river, and within 1 1/2 miles of James-river, containing 385 acres—One on Cary's Creek and within one mile of the north fork of James-river, containing 364 acres. A further description is deemed unnecessary, as it is presumed that no person will purchase without viewing the same; which will be shown by the subscriber living in Albemarle. WILLIAM MOON. June 5th, 1806. 1m