The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1805-01-15 00:00:00

THE ENQUIRER.
RICHMOND, (Virginia) PUBLISHED BY RITCHIE & WORSLEY, OPPOSITE THE POST-OFFICE...AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM...payable in advance.
NUMBER 77.]
TUESDAY MORNING, JANUARY 15, 1805.
[VOLUME I.]
CONDITIONS.
 I. The ENQUIRER will appear twice a week...During the session of Congress and the Virginia Legislature, either a third paper or a supplementary half-sheet, during the week.  II. Terms of payment FIVE DOLLARS per annum, in advance.  III. ADVERTISEMENTS, from those who do not subscribe to the paper, should not exceed a square in length, shall be inserted for seventy-five cents the first time, fifty cents for each time during three weeks, and for every additional insertion thirty-three cents; long ones in the same proportion.  IV. SUBSCRIBERS shall have their advertisements inserted for fifty cents the first time, and thirty-three cents for every additional insertion. 
Sales at Auction.
By Virtue of a Deed of Trust, executed to the subscribers by Mr. Bartlett Still, of the city of Richmond, for the purpose of securing the payment of his note to Messrs. Lemuel Wells, & Co. of New-York, for six thousand three hundred and twenty-two Dollars seventeen Cents, with interest at the rate of six per cent. per annum, from the 21st day of May last,
WILL BE SOLD, to raise the aforesaid sum and interest, together with the expenses attending the execution of said trust, for ready money, on the premises, on Saturday the 2d day of February ensuing, between the hours of 11 and 1 o'clock, that LOT OF GROUND on the north side of the Main-street, next above the Bell Tavern, with the Brick-buildings thereon, at present in the occupancy of Messrs. St. John & Gwarhany and John Richard, Esq. The buildings are infared, and the title to the property is believed to be unexceptionable. A conveyance with special warranty will be made by the subscribers.
PROSSER & MONCURE, Trustees & V. M's. December 25. (tds.)
Auction Sales.
THOMAS TAYLOR & Co.
WILL in future sell at the store occupied by M. W. Hancock & Co. on Wednesdays in each week; and at their office, on Tuesdays and Fridays as usual. Dec. 1, 1804. (epf)
25 Shares in the Virginia Bank
WANTED IMMEDIATELY: for which a liberal price will be given. THOMAS NORVELL. Jan. 3. tf
BILLS ON NEW-YORK.
At Ten to Sixty Days sight—FOR SALE BY M. W. HANCOCK & CO. Dec. 22. tf
CASH
WILL be given for 12 or 15 BOYS, from 7 to 15 years old. Enquire of the Printers. Dec. 15. [epf.]
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN TO THE DEBTORS OF ROSS & FORD.
THAT in compliance with my duty as assignee I shall commence suits indiscriminately against all those who do not come forward and give assurances when payment may be expected. NEIL MCCOULL. December 22. (tf)
IRISH LINENS & 5-4 IRISH SHEETINGS.
THE SUBSCRIBERS have just received from Belfast a handsome assortment of 7-8th & 4-4th IRISH LINENS, and 5-4th IRISH SHEETINGS, which they will sell on moderate terms. ELLIS & ALLEN. December 20. [ep 4w.]
FARMINGDALE NURSERY.
THE SUBSCRIBER has FOR SALE, for the present season, at his Nursery, adjoining the Borough of Norfolk, 10,000 WORKED FRUIT TREES; consisting of Apples, Peaches, Pears, Cherries, Apricots, Plums, Nectarines, &c. &c. selected from all parts of this state, from the Nurseries to the Northward, and from England. He flatters himself that those who want to purchase will be satisfied with the goodness of the fruit trees being near one hundred sorts. He has also for sale a quantity of Lombardy and Balsam Poplars, Pride of China, with a large assortment of Tulip Roots, imported three years ago from London, and are beautifully variegated of all colours. BAYLOR HILL. December 15. (epf. Wm. T.)
ENOCH SULLIVAN, JEWELLER & HAIR-WORKER, (First door below the Eagle Tavern.) BEGS leave to inform the public that he has for Sale, a FASHIONABLE ASSORTMENT OF JEWELRY & SILVER WARE; Also, a HANDSOME SUPPLY OF LADIES ELEGANT COMBS, POCKET BOOKS, &c. Dec. 8. epf.
FOR SALE.
By WILLIAM ROSS, AT THE EAGLE TAVERN: NIGHT-FOUR yards Fancy, Tolonet, Cassimere, and Swandown Westingale. 2 cafes Britannia, 1 bale Ticklenburgs, 8 cafes and trunks Chintzes and Calicoes, 1 cafe Cotton Shawls and Pocket Handks. 1 do. India Shawls, assorted colours, 1 bale Gurreh, Mullins, 2 do. Bafia do. 3 do. Coffa do. 3 do. Jammah Mamoody do. 1 do. Samah do. 60 boxes Spanish Segars, 20 do. containing lots of Tea China, 61 pieces each, 5 do. assorted ditto. 80 reams Medium Vellum Printing Paper, 6 do. Foolscap Writing ditto. N. B. Crops Tobacco, Flour, or Flax-Seed, will be taken in payment as cash. January 11. (2awtf)
NOTICE.
ALL persons indebted to the late firm of BUCHANAN, DUNLOP & CO. of Petersburg, ROBERT POLLOK & CO. of Richmond, and DUNLOP, POLLOK & CO. of Manchester, are hereby notified, that James Dunlop, late a partner in the above concerns, has become purchaser of the outstanding debts; they will therefore be pleased to make payment to Mr. John Tompkins residing in Richmond, or the subscriber residing in Petersburg, who alone are authorised to make collections and grant discharges.—This will be indefinitely commenced against all who do not make payment before the first of February next month.
JOHN DUNLOP, Attorney for JAMES DUNLOP. Petersburg, Nov. 15, 1804. epf
J. TOMPKINS
RESPECTFULLY informs those concerned, that he has removed the books and papers of the late concern of Robert Pollok & Co. and Dunlop, Pollok & Co. to a new Brick House near the Basin, and directly opposite to the Scale-House. Where he has for sale, a few pipes of OLD COGNAC BRANDY, of superior quality. December 11.
NOTICE.
WE the undersigned, partners in the late concerns of BUCHANAN, DUNLOP, & Co. at Petersburg, of ROBERT POLLOK, & Co. at Richmond, and of DUNLOP, POLLOK, & Co. at Manchester, have sold to Mr. James Dunlop, our late partner in said concerns, the debts now due to, and outstanding at these different Establishments.—Those interested will therefore please to take notice, that hereafter payments are to be made only to the said Mr. James Dunlop, his attorney or attorneys, and to whom those having claims against these concerns will apply for payment.
DAVID BUCHANAN. By ROBERT POLLOK, his Attorney. ROBERT POLLOK. Virginia, Petersburg, Dec. 6, 1804. (ep3m)
FOR SALE—at Rocketts.
THE LOT, and two story BRICK HOUSE, containing three tenements, which the subscriber purchased at the sale of George Nicholson, deceased. The lot is well situated for a warehouse, and the brick building for a bake-house, lumber-house, or Tobacco Factory. JOHN ELLIS. November 14. tf
TO BE SOLD.
For ready money, pursuant to a decree of the Federal Circuit Court, for the district of Virginia in a suit between Phineas Bond, Attorney for the creditors of Ezekiel Edwards Plaintiff, and David Ross and others defendants—
TWO undivided parts, out of three, of forty-two acres of LAND, in the county of Henrico, upon Four-Mile Creek, with the Mills and Houses thereon, known by the name of the Norwich Mills, ALSO—a Tract or Parcel of LAND, situate in the county of Henrico, about seven miles below the City of Richmond, commonly called and known by the name of the Seven Pines, thought to contain one thousand acres, but Mr. Ross undertakes, that an accurate survey and plot shall be produced on the day of sale.
The Sale will positively take place at the Eagle Tavern in the City of Richmond on Thursday the 21st day of February next.
BEN. MOSBY, D. M. for JOSEPH SCOTT, M. V. D. Jan. 3. (tds.)
At the same time and place, I will dispose of the other undivided third part of the said Norwich Mills and will also dispose of a valuable tract of LAND adjoining thereon, which contains about five hundred acres, with various improvements.—The whole is a valuable estate.—Mr. Hooten will show the Mills and the land. The terms of payment for the said land and the other third part of the Mills will be half ready money, and twelve months credit for the other half. DAVID ROSS.
VALUABLE LAND—FOR SALE.
By virtue of a Deed of Trust, from Wm. Massie dec'd. in order to secure and pay the following debts, viz. The sum of £. 500 : 3 in specie assigned by Nathaniel Massie to Arch. Bryce, junr. for the purposes mentioned in the said assignment, and the sum of £. 133 : 7 : 10 due Arch. Bryce with interest thereon, from the 15th day of December, 1802, at 6 per cent. per annum till paid; Will certainly be sold, at the late residence of William Massie on Tuesday the 15th day of January, eighteen hundred and five, for ready money, all that tract of land in Goochland county, lying and being on the waters of the little Byrd-creek, (whereon Mrs. Frances Massie now lives) containing by late survey 203 acres, and bounded by the lands of capt. Nathaniel Massie dec'd. Mr. David Ross, John Matthews and others. This land is of the first rate quality of high land, pleasantly situated, and within 5 or 6 miles (and good road) of the town of Columbia, and from 7 to 8 miles of Lewis's Mill on the Byrd creek. JOHN FORBES, Trustee. January 5.
ADVERTISEMENT.
THE subscriber has leased the Tenement lately occupied by Charles Cox on Shockoe Hill near Mr. Southgate's store, and fronting the Capitol square, for a term of years, which is a commodious house, with several rooms for the accommodation of boarders; he wishes to take ten or twelve, who will be entertained handsomely. Young gentlemen who are acquiring education with Mr. J. Ogilvie, or studying law, will find this a very convenient place, being situated near the most eminent attorney's place in the city, also near to the academy.—I am to have possession the 10th inst. This is a beautiful and healthy situation, and the terms will be reasonable, with every exertion in my power to give satisfaction. JOHN MOODY. January 8. (34f.)
TO PRINTERS.
HENRY OURAM—PRESS-MAKER, South-east corner of Prune and Sixth-streets: RESPECTFULLY informs the trade, that he undertakes to supply Printing-Office, with every thing in his line, having a complete Printer's Joiner, constantly employed in making the wood part of Presses, Furniture, Rules, &c. &c. Cuts of all sizes, Composing Sticks, Brass & Wood Galleys, &c. &c. constantly on hand, or made to order with dispatch and neatness. Orders from any part of the Continent attended to. Philad. Jan. 5. ep3m.
JOHN SPINDLER.
RESPECTFULLY informs the Ladies and Gentlemen of Richmond, that he intends to teach DRAWING, PAINTING in Oil Colours and Crayons, and would instruct 6 or 8 pupils in those branches, either by visiting on them, or at his house, opposite Thomas Wilson's Esq. back street.
N. B. Signs, Hays, and Military Colours painted by J. S. Orders from the country punctually attended to. [etm.]
HUGH J. CRAWFORD.
HAS just Received, per the ship Alexander, from London: A general Assortment of Genuine DRUGS & MEDICINES, which he will dispose of on moderate terms. Richmond, Dec. 25. (1aw2m.)
FINE IRISH LINENS AND SHEETINGS—For sale by BARTLETT STILL. January 11. (tf)
NOTICE.
THE Creditors of ANTHONY & PLEASANTS are earnestly requested to meet at the Commissioner's Office To-Morrow at 4 o'clock in the afternoon, on business of importance.
GEORGE MARX, } Affignees. NEIL MCCOULL, } Richmond, Jan. 11. (lt)
BURR MILL STONES, OF ALL SIZES; and PLAISTER OF PARIS, of an excellent quality, FOR SALE, AS USUAL, BY WILLIAM DAVIDSON. at the Market. Dec. 4. [epf.]
NEAL NELSON, BOOT & SHOE MANUFACTURER, MAIN-STREET, RICHMOND,
MAKES Boots & Shoes to any pattern or fashion, equal in point of MATERIALS and WORKMANSHIP to any in general use. Imported Boots and Shoes, of the best quality and newest fashion, for sale. Gentlemen at a distance, who are disposed to forward their measure, by paying attention to the annexed cut, can be fitted with Boots or Shoes as well as if they were on the spot.—A—the length of the Boot.—B—round the Calf.—C—the pitch of ditto.—D—round the heel and instep.—E—round the instep.—G—across the ball of the foot. Fix the heel against a perpendicular, and stick a knife at the end of the great toe—set down in figures the number of inches and quarters, in the different measures. June 30. ep3m.
WASHINGTON TAVERN.
THE subscriber has taken a lease of this Tenement for a number of years, and has put it in a state of repair which renders it not inferior to any in this City. Besides the Tavern he has detached buildings, well calculated to accommodate those who are anxious of greater privacy than a tavern usually affords. These tenements adjoin the public square, and are in the most beautiful yard of the Capitol. They have decided advantages over any other houses in this City, with respect to pure air and excellent water. He has good stables and a constant supply of the best FORAGE. He tenders his services to his friends and the public, and assures them, that no unlawful gaming, nor any other practice which might, in any degree, have a tendency to disturb the peace of his house, will ever be permitted. EDWARD HALLAM. Richmond, September 25.
CHOICE LANDS—FOR SALE.
A DIVISION of the famous Saura Town Lands having taken place between the heirs of James Park Farley, Esq. dec'd. and Col. John S. Farley and his sister Mrs. Elizabeth Morison, the subscribers, Robert Taylor of Norfolk, and Charles Duncan at Roslin, near Petersburg, are fully empowered by the said Col. Farley and Mrs. Morison, to dispose of their proportion, containing 12,832 acres, which are surveyed and laid off in eight lots, containing from 500 to 2500 acres, agreeable to plots in the possession of the said Duncan. The four largest lots are of excellent quality, each containing a considerable proportion of the richest low grounds, which produce tobacco of the very first quality, as has been experienced by one of the subscribers, who disposed it for a number of years. Those lands lie on Dan and Smith's rivers, in Rockingham county, on the borders of North Carolina, about 170 miles from Petersburg and Richmond. As there are seldom such lands for sale, they must be an object to those who want to purchase such as will produce fine tobacco, hemp and small grain. One third of the price must be paid in ready money, one third in twelve months, and the other third in two years, the purchaser giving bond with unexceptionable security bearing interest from the date if not punctually paid. Those who wish to purchase will be shown the lands by Doctor John C. Cox, living at Lockville, near Rockingham Court-House, and the terms made known by ROBERT TAYLOR, or CHARLES DUNCAN. Petersburg, Nov. 24. epf
BOARD, WASHING & MENDING,
FOR £. 36 PER ANNUM. THE subscriber has removed to the city of Richmond, for the purpose of receiving boarders. He has rented a large and commodious Brick-House, about two hundred yards from J. Ogilvie's academy. He is particularly desirous of receiving as boarders, young gentlemen from the country, who propose to become students in this school during the present year. He will Board, Wash and Mend for thirty-six pounds per annum. He will be prepared to receive from fifteen to twenty boarders. He can accommodate ten or twelve with chambers and bedding, on terms which will be made known to applicants. J. RAWLINS, junr. Richmond, January 1.
A TRACT OF LAND.
By virtue of a Deed of Trust, executed to the subscribers, will be sold to the highest bidder, for ready money, on the 14th day of January next, at Buckingham Court-House, being court day. A CERTAIN Tract or Parcel of Land, lying in said county, containing one thousand acres, more or less; bounded by the lands of Michael Jones, Jeffrey Smith, Richard Gilliam and others, and lying on the Pickinham road—to secure the payment of a certain sum of money therein mentioned, due from John Miller, to Willis Willis, and the expenses attending the execution of this trust. GEORGE S. HARE, Trustee. Buckingham, Dec. 8. (tds.)
From a late London Paper.
MADAME TOUSSAINT.
PRIVATE LETTER, DATED
New-York, Sept. 6, 1804.
The widow of the unfortunate Toussaint has just landed upon our Continent. Her account of her own and her husband's sufferings, from Bonaparte's tyranny and executioners, would be incredible, were they not already equalled by the accounts of his former atrocities, and those of his accomplices. Her mutilated limbs and numerous wounds are, besides, visible proofs of the racks and other instruments of torture, from which she has suffered in the dungeons of free, enlightened, and civilized France , and under which, little doubt remains, that Gen. Toussaint expired. From the moment Le Clerc, by perfidy and breach of treaties, got her husband and herself into his possession, they were loaded with chains, and during their whole passage to France, they continued in iron, with hardly food enough to support life. At their landing at Bordeaux, they were separated, though shut up in the same prison. What happened since to her husband, she does not know, nor is she yet certain whether he has perished, as the French papers have published, in a dungeon at Besançon, or whether, with a mutilated body he continues to breathe the pestilential air of French goals, exposed to the cruelties, and enduring that refinement in torments, which French ingenuity so ably invents, and of which Corsican barbarity so willingly makes use. Her first examination was before Lucien Bonaparte's brother-in-law, the police commissary at Bordeaux, Pierre Pierre, who told her "that her grave was already dug, and that her last day was come, if she did not immediately discover the place where her husband's secret correspondence with the English was concealed, and where his and her own treasures were buried or deposited." Having never heard of any secret transactions with the English, and being convinced that when Le Clerc, so perfidiously surprised her husband, he got possession, not only of all his papers, but of all his money, amounting to about 300,000 livres (12,500l.) she declared, herself unable to make any discoveries. She was then carried back to her prison, where Pierre Pierre arrived in the midst of the night, with four gens d'armes d'elite , who dragged her to a subterraneous hall. Here the police commissary, in showing her the instruments of torture, repeated his former questions and threats. Her assurances, her prayers, her tears, and declarations that she was in a state of pregnancy, availed nothing. On the gens d'armes laying hold of her, she fainted away. They carried her, notwithstanding, to the rack, where the most excruciating pain soon deprived her of sense, which she only recovered to feel that the premature delivery of a child, by miscarriage, was at hand. One of the gens d'armes wives was then sent for, and she was delivered of a dead child. Her situation became at last so desperate, that the surgeon of the prison was ordered to visit her, and to prolong a life, still necessary to the policy, avarice, and ferocity of Bonaparte and his ferocious gofers.
After an illness, which continued for six months, during which time she had repeated promises of her liberty to see her husband, she gathered strength enough to support a journey; and one evening, after dark, Pierre Pierre arrived with a joyful countenance, informing her, that Bonaparte had generously permitted her to join her husband at Paris. She was accompanied, during the journey by two police agents and one of the negro girls, who came with her to Europe as an attendant. The former forbade her to mention on the road who she was, under pain of imprisonment, and the latter informed her, by her signs only, that she also had felt the effect of Bonaparte's tortures, because they were never left by themselves, nor permitted to speak low, one of the police agents, being always with them. She entered Paris at eleven o'clock at night, and was immediately carried to the prefecture of police, from which the police proceeded. Dubois, ordered her to the Temple. The next evening she was brought before the Grand Judge Regnier, and the Police Director Real. Their secretary, Defmarais, read to her the former interrogatories before Pierre Pierre at Bordeaux, together with her pretended confessions, when upon the rack; the process verbal of which, was not only signed by Pierre Pierre, but by the four gens d'armes d'elite . She was now told to be more explicit, her husband having confessed more than herself, as the only means not only to obtain her liberty, but to avoid new tortures. Having nothing to discover, she persisted in her former denial, and was, therefore, upon a signal from Regnier, seized by the gens d'armes in the room, and carried to a dungeon, to which she descended sixty-six steps. There she was stripped naked, and put again on the rack, when Defmarais questioned her about the names of the secret agents from the English Government at Jamaica, of their transactions, of the houses in England and America, to whom money had been remitted; where, in St. Domingo, they had buried treasure in gold, to the amount of ten millions, &c. What she had suffered at Bordeaux was merely a trifle to the terrible pains inflicted on her at Paris, which in a few minutes, deprived her of both the faculty to think and to speak. What happened to her afterwards in the Temple she does not remember, having been entirely deprived of her reason. When she began to recover it last April, she found herself shut up, and chained in the mad-house for women, called La Salpêtrière, near the Jardin des Plantes, at Paris. When Allemands, the Surgeon General of this Hospital, had made his report of her convalescent state, her second son was permitted to see her, and the consolation she received from his visits soon restored her as much as she could expect to be on this side of the grave. This lenity of Bonaparte was caused by the promise and engagement of the young man to form a party at St. Domingo against Dessalines, and it was by agreeing to co-operate with her son, that they both were permitted to embark for the American Continent, after previously signing an acknowledgement of the kind treatment she had experienced in France. Both she and her son remained in a house of detention at Paris until an American vessel had been hired to carry them away from Europe. In this house they were treated, not only with humanity, but with respect; and, before her departure, she received from Bonaparte one thousand louis d'ors, as an indemnity for her detention in France, and Madame Bonaparte sent her a diamond ring worth five hundred louis d'ors, with a message, that
she felt much for her situation, and desired her to forget the past, but remember that she was born a French subject.
These particulars of her suffering Madame Toussaint has related to the widow of a rich farmer of St. Domingo, Madame Bernard who has sent them, in the above letter, to a relative in this country, with the addition that Toussaint's widow has lost, from the tortures, the use of her left arm, and has no less than forty-four wounds on different parts of her body. Pieces of flesh have been torn from her breast, as with hot irons, together with six nails of her toes! A living witness of the humanity and barbarity of the tender Emperor of the French , and the august Chief of the French Legion of Honor .
As the climate of America does not agree with Madame Toussaint's decayed constitution, she intends as soon as she has collected the wreck of her fortune, to settle at Jamaica, if the British government shall permit her.
Debate,
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE UNITED STATES.
Thursday, Dec. 13.
Debate on the bill to regulate the clearance of armed merchant vessels.
(Continued.)
Mr. McCrory. Mr. Chairman.—Whatever may be the fate of the bill now before you, I think it my duty to state to this committee some circumstances which induce me to think, that the information given to the executive concerning the conduct of our merchant vessels has been much exaggerated.
I am aware that the liberty of trade granted us to that island has been much abused by some of our citizens, and it is my wish that such laws may pass as will effectually restrain and punish such proceedings.
It is well known, sir, that we have had a considerable share of the trade of St. Domingo for more than ten years past, except for a certain period of the late administration when it was prohibited by our own government; that under all the late legitimate governments of that island, it was not only permitted, but invited; that in consequence of this and of contracts made by the generals Le Clerc and Rochambeau, with some of our citizens, for the supply of provisions and other necessaries, there was American property to an immense amount in that island when evacuated by the last mentioned general, and, consequently, a considerable number of our citizens remained there. Under these circumstances it was not to be expected that this property and these men were to be abandoned. The trade was therefore continued in a peaceful manner, and would still have been carried on to, had it not been interrupted by vessels unlawfully armed in the ports of Cuba. In these ports many of our vessels were carried, their cargoes landed in the night, the vessels sent out of the harbours, scuttled and sunk, to prevent detection, and the crews left without any means of returning to their own country. The question with our merchants then was whether they were to abandon this trade altogether, and sacrifice their property remaining there; or arm their vessels for defence. The latter plan, and in my opinion the which, was adopted; and, I believe, not more than one instance has occurred where our vessels, thus armed, have resisted a legitimate force. To prove to the committee that the vessels thus armed were not authorised, I request that the Clerk may be permitted to read the decree not long since issued by general Ferrand, at the port of Santo Domingo.
(The decree was here read by the Clerk as follows:)
A decree for re-establishing order in the Leeward Islands for the issuing and use of letters of Marque.
WE, L. FERRAND, general of brigade, commander in chief of the army of St. Domingo, captain general pro tem.
Being informed that several owners and captains of French Corsairs, who have obtained limited letters of marque, whose time is expired, continue or renew their cruising, without having regard to any of the formalities required in such cases.
That others have obtained of some pretended French agents, the term of their letters of marque to be prolonged.
That others are bearers of letters of marque, whose transfer has been made by their pretended agents over to other ships, than those for which they had been delivered.
That others have purchased letters of marque of these pretended agents who, abusing the confidence of the captain-general, of whom they held their power, they have committed a commerce thus culpable, without even examining the morality of the men to whom these letters of marque have been sold.
That some navigate with letters of marque expedited by those generals, who not being captain-general, nor exercising those functions, have no right to deliver them. Informed likewise that under pretence of being ignorant that the tribunals of St. Domingo are alone competent to decide on neutral prizes in relation with the rebels of that island, without regard to the authority from which the letters of marque, with which the privaters are provided, issued, several owners and captains of Corsairs have neglected to observe the formalities prescribed, the principal of which is to make known the literal contents of those letters which have been given them.
Considering that to tolerate much longer the irregular conduct of the privaters and Captains of Corsairs, which are found in the different cases mentioned there would, incontestably result abuses which would cause privating to degenerate into piracy, and dishonor the French flag.
DECREE.
Article. I. From the first of Vendémiaire, 13th year, all the letters of marque delivered by general Rochambeau, those delivered by the generals formerly employed in the army of St. Domingo, likewise those issued by us until the present day, the 5th Thermidor, shall be null and without effect. The only letters of marque delivered by us from the present date, and Thermidor, and which shall be valid until such epoch, are not to be complied with in this respect. II. From the same day, the first of Vendémiaire, 13th year, all the owners and Captains carrying letters of marque of the French captain-general, other than those of St. Domingo, which

shall be in the case of having relation to Santo Domingo, whose courts are the only competent tribunals to judge neutral ships taken in contravention on the coast of St. Domingo, as well as those arrested with clearances for the ports occupied by the rebels, or going out of those ports, shall be held to prove their powers in the original.
III. Those who should wish to arm for a cruise, or those having armed who should wish to continue cruising, will obtain from us letters of marque when they shall conform to the requisite formalities.
IV. The captains-general of the French windward islands shall be apprised of the abuses committed daily, in consequence of the cupidity of some owners or captains disposed to see every ship in contravention, wherefore they may meet neutral flags in fight, and even frequently out of fight of the coast of St. Domingo, and they shall be invited to put a stop to those abuses, to have returned the letters of marque confided to those men who have abused them; they shall likewise be desired to recall those charged with their affairs, pretending to be French agents, who have given well founded cause of complaint.
V. From the date of the first Vendemaire, 13th year, the prizes that shall be made by owners and Captains of French Corsairs, who have not conformed to the regulations contained in articles I. II. III. of the present decree, shall be confiscated for the use of the invalid fund.
VI. The pretended French agents who shall issue letters of marque, of which they may be in possession, or cause to be assigned those delivered by competent authority, shall be considered as forgers, and denounced as such to the minister of marine and of the colonies, & prosecuted with all the rigor of the law.
VII. Copies of this decree shall be sent to the minister of the marine and the colonies. They shall likewise be sent to the governors of the neighbouring colonies, to the captains-general of the French windward islands, to the minister of France near the United States of America, and likewise to the French agents in the Antilles. The present decree shall be printed, published, and posted up in the City of Santo Domingo, and likewise in all parts of the island of St. Domingo occupied by the French. It shall be registered in the bureau of the inspection of the marine, likewise in the register of the provisional commission of justice, and also in the special commission of prizes.
Head quarters at Santo Domingo, the 8th Thermidor, 13th year.
(Signed)
L. FERRAND.
And to give to the committee some idea of the extent of the lawless depredations committed on our commerce in those seas, I beg leave to state the losses sustained by the five Insurance Offices of Baltimore, not correctly stated by the gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Clay).
   Dolls.     The Maryland office 128,565   Baltimore office 80,140   Chesapeake office 67,455   Union office 90,687   Marine office 125,110   492,555  
Making in all nearly 500,000 dollars, besides considerable property not insured, nearly all of which has been sold without any form of trial, and leaves our merchants without any hope of redress.
If this bill passes into a law, we shall in fact be deprived of the trade to all the leeward islands, and even that to New-Orleans will not be safe. One vessel lately bound from Alexandria to Jamaica has been carried into Cuba, where her cargo was landed and sent in small vessels to Jamaica, by these picaroons. Another from Baltimore to St. Jago de Cuba, was, on her homeward passage with a cargo worth 40,000 dollars, taken by one of them, who had no commission, and was carrying his prize into Baracoa, when it was re-taken by a British cruiser and sent to Jamaica; and no later than last month, the vessel of a Baltimore merchant, who never armed a vessel, and who, it is believed, was never concerned in any illicit trade, was obliged to put into the port of Savannah in distress, on her return from St. Domingo. On going up that river she was met by one of those freebooters, that had chased her on her voyage out. The captain of which declared he would make prize of this schooner, and waited for the river for that purpose.
I will not detain the committee by reading documents to prove these statements, but will leave them on the clerk's table for the perusal of any gentleman of the committee who may choose to satisfy himself. I have been also informed, but I have no documents to prove it, that one of our vessels bound from Liverpool to New-Orleans, has been taken by one of these cruisers. — On the whole, Sir, as I consider our entire trade to the West-Indies and to New-Orleans implicated in this motion, I shall decidedly vote against it.
Mr. Epps said, that notwithstanding the objections made to his proposed amendment, he sincerely believed the best interests of the nation required that it should prevail. It appeared to him that neither of the gentlemen who had opposed it, had taken a correct view of the question. — We are not, said he, passing a law for the protection of American commerce; but we are making provision against the improper use of arms; for it seems to be the intention of these gentlemen to allow our vessels to arm. They tell you that their vessels cannot do without arms; they cannot effect the object of their voyages without being prepared with a sufficient armament. Why, this is precisely the argument of a highwayman for the use of his pistols. But ought the United States to protect their commerce in this way? He thought they ought not. Do these gentlemen possess information that we cannot carry on our commerce without armed vessels; if so, it will bring up the whole principles upon which the right of armament is founded, and he trusted it would be manifested that the provisions of this or any other bill, to be enacted for the purpose, would be such as to secure the United States from a collision with foreign powers. He did not think it comported with the dignity of the union to arm their merchant vessels, and turn them loose upon the ocean, to act as whim or caprice, or a thirst of lucre should dictate. It would be nothing more or less than covering the ocean with an armed banditti, that would bring down upon the United States the sovereign contempt and just indignation of all the powers of Europe. He hoped the navigating and commercial character of Americans would be formed upon their superior skill and industry; if in the exercise of these, they were opposed, he was willing to extend the public protection to them; he would not only protect their rights in this way, but he would also avenge their wrongs. The arms of the Union can reach the Caribbean seas, as well as the Mediterranean; and this he presumed was the course proper to be pursued. He felt extremely averse to the principle of the bill; he
could not reconcile himself to do what no other nation had ever done; that is, give arms to every man sailing on the ocean who shall require it. Do you grant even letters of marque in this way? By no means — What! shall A, B, and C, persons we know nothing of, because they can sign a bond, with a security, range the ocean under the sanction of the flag of the Union, to make war upon other nations, and exercise a power which the constitution declares shall be exercised exclusively by congress. He did not believe the good sense of the committee would permit them to confer the power of making war on any set of men, however virtuous or respectable, much less to commanders of armed merchant vessels, cruising in pursuit of wealth or plunder. No, they would certainly prefer to retain such an important power in their own hands; and he was well persuaded that the public peace, would be preferred but a very short time after the moment that congress put it in the power of others to make war. For whatever may be the character of a sea captain, if he executes his bond, he is entitled to his arms, and is any gentleman weak enough to believe that a bond to the amount of the value of the vessel will restrain an intemperate person from using arms when he is irritated by an anticipated detention or frustrating over-haul? It is well known, even in civil life on shore, where every man is equal, how difficult it is to restrain the vindictive passions of hasty tempers. The difficulty was much greater at sea — He really thought the risk too great to be entrusted to this body of men. He was, however, willing to protect them in every lawful commercial pursuit, as far as the arm of Union could reach. But he would not consent to put the national vengeance in the hands of any man, or set of men, with whose characters he was unacquainted, and who for all he knew, or appeared to be required by the bill, might be totally regardless of all the ties of virtue, justice and national honour.
The question on Mr. Epps's amendment was taken; 40 voting in the affirmative, and 61 in the negative; the motion was lost.
Mr. Crowninshield moved to strike out the proviso and the second section.
Mr. J. G. Smith conceived the motion out of order; the proviso belonged to the first section, and that was the section under consideration; the committee had not as yet reached the second section.
Mr. Crowninshield then proposed to strike out the proviso alone, which was agreed to by the committee, 56 against 32.
Mr. J. G. Smith said that he did not think the bond of an owner or commander for the value of the vessel was sufficient: he therefore moved to forfeit also her tackle, apparel, furniture, and cargo. It was well known that in many voyages now making the forfeiture of the vessel would be but a trifling loss, compared with the profits made upon some cargoes, and that merchants would cheerfully incur the penalty, rather than decline a voyage wherein such great profits were to arise.
Mr. Epps admitted in some cases that the penalty might not be too great; but there were others in which it would be out of all proportion; instance an East-Indian with a cargo of 4 or 500,000 dollars; he feared requiring sureties to such an amount would greatly interrupt that branch of commerce if not totally prevent it.
Mr. Crowninshield objected to the insertion of the cargo, but had no objection to the tackle, apparel and furniture being forfeited with the vessel.
Mr. J. G. Smith. The gentleman knows that the bond given in the case of East-Indian is a mere formality; that trade being on account of its profit, one, in which there is no danger as to the improper conduct of the captain, men of respectability and good character always being employed; but the provision is intended to prevent illegal voyages under an idea that the profit upon the cargo will more than cover the condition of the bond: he had no objection to exclude the cargoes of East-Indian from the effect of this bond; but in the case of West-Indian he thought government would not have an adequate security unless the value of the cargo was made liable as well as the vessel.
Mr. Goddard asked if it was intended to take two bonds, one of the owner, and the other of the commander, and to be for double the value of the vessel, and double the value of the cargo; in this event the security would be quadruple: he would merely submit it to the consideration of gentlemen, whether it would be proper to embarrass commerce in this way.
Mr. J. G. Smith. That may be easily obviated by making it a joint bond.
The question on the amendment was taken and agreed to; 68 against 32.
Mr. Clarke thought while we were imposing penalties on our own citizens it would likewise be proper equally to restrain foreigners; he therefore moved an amendment to insert after the American owners of the vessel, the words "or any person or persons resident within the United States." This would restrain aliens from reaping the profits so frequently mentioned — agreed to.
Mr. Crowninshield moved to add the following, "provided that the regulations herein contained shall not be construed to extend to vessels bound to any country situated to the southward of the equator."
Mr. J. G. Smith said that would not restrain vessels from clearing out for the coast of Africa & returning to the West Indies.
Mr. Smith asked if the words were not the same as had been stricken out: if so the motion was out of order.
Mr. Crowninshield said the words were varied; the former proviso extended to the Mediterranean, and beyond the Cape of Good Hope; here not a word is said of the Mediterranean, but the language is confined exclusively to the southward of the equator.
Only fifteen members voting in favor of Mr. Crowninshield's proviso, of course it was lost.
Mr. Epps suggested the propriety of amending the second section in such manner, as to make the captain and crew liable to punishment, if they should commit any violence or unlawful assault upon any vessel or territory of a nation in amity with the United States, or should make any other unlawful use of their arms. If the offence amounted to murder or felony they should suffer the punishment of murder or felony; or if the offence should be of less degree they should be punished accordingly. — He said it was well known that the privilege they were now about to bestow was not a right derived from the law of nature or of nations. If then it was no natural right, the legislature have the right to dictate the conditions upon which they are willing to grant it. The first section provides a security against the improper use of arms, or as it were for their good behaviour. His amendment would go to provide a suitable corporal punishment for any offence they might commit after they had arms in their hands. It appeared to him that they were about to change the whole system of commerce. Instead of resting its success on the skill, enterprise and industry of our mariners, we are about to give them force by which they may find their way to market. Your vessels are to be light, swift sailing runners, capable of combat or flight. We shall
hear no more of vessels of burthen being employed in the West-India trade. — Upon the whole he submitted to the House whether the public safety did not require this additional security. He had not however thrown this idea into form, but if it met the approbation of gentlemen he would endeavour to reduce it to writing.
Mr. J. G. Smith would make a motion which would supersede the necessity of the amendment suggested by the gentleman from Virginia, (Mr. Epps) that was to strike out the whole of the second section.
Mr. Epps asked if Mr. J. C. meant to propose a substitute?
Mr. J. G. Smith replied that he did not, as he believed the bill would be effectual for its purpose without any thing more than the first section as it now stood amended.
On the question to strike out, there were 55 in favour of the motion, and 44 against it. The section was struck out accordingly.
Mr. J. G. Smith next moved to strike out the 3d section, which was carried without debate by 58 against 32.
Mr. Epps moved to amend the fourth section, so as to read, That if any armed vessel as aforesaid shall proceed to sea without a clearance, such vessel, &c. shall be forfeited to the use of the U. States. Agreed to.
Mr. Epps moved a new section in conformity to the idea he had expressed when the second section was under consideration.
It was nearly as follows: That if any armed merchant vessel shall make or commit any depredation, outrage, unlawful assault, or violence, against any vessel or territory of a nation in amity with the United States, or against any of the citizens or subjects of such nation, or make any other unlawful use of the arms on board such vessel; if such depredation, &c. shall be made or committed, or if made or committed in any place under the exclusive jurisdiction of the United States, would be murder, felony, or misdemeanor, the same shall be murder, felony, or misdemeanor, as the case shall be: and the principals and accessories concerned therein shall be punished as they would respectively be in other cases of murder, felony or misdemeanor by the laws of the United States.
Mr. J. G. Smith said he should be glad to hear the reasons on which this amendment was founded.
Mr. Epps had stated when he was up before the reason for which he was induced to make this motion. The right of making war was in all cases lodged in the hands of the government: when men entered into civil society they abandoned whatever natural right they had to employ force against others, and vested their defence in those who were qualified to exercise the whole strength of the community. In our government the constitution has delegated this power exclusively to congress. Our merchant vessels have no natural right to arm, nor does the law of nations warrant it. If then congress extend this privilege to merchants, congress have a right to prescribe the conditions. He had also stated that he did not consider the bond entered into at the custom-house an adequate security for preserving the peace of the nation, or preventing an improper use of cannon and ball entrusted to the citizens ranging the ocean in pursuit of wealth. Indeed he thought the power confided to captains of vessels under this bill was too dangerous, and therefore congress could not be too cautious in guarding against its abuse by every means in their power. It is true, the penalty enjoined by the new section is a severe penalty; but it does not affect any one unless he commits one of those improper acts it is intended to restrain; and if he willfully and wickedly does commit a crime, he incurs the penalty and deserves the punishment; and let him receive it, in order to check a similar licentiousness in others. He confessed some degree of surprise that gentlemen should ask for the reasons of the amendment, when they would not deign to offer any argument against it.
Mr. J. G. Smith asked if it was meant to attach these penalties on a commander who shall, in resisting an illegal search, happen to kill or wound some of his adversary's crew — that right he thought was secured by the law of nations. If a vessel should be attacked by pirates, may she not resist and beat them off; this is the natural right of self-defence. He believed the provision of the first section was sufficient to prevent all voluntary transgressions; but shall a man who involuntarily kills another by firing a cannon at sea for the usual purposes, be hanged? If he is, is not this then a new and unusual punishment for such an offence, and such as is forbidden by our constitution? Will any man say that this is a punishment proportioned to the crime.
Mr. Epps requested the clerk to read the amendment again, for the information of the gentleman from Pennsylvania, as it was very evident to him that he had misunderstood the object of the section. This being done.
Mr. E. proceeded. The words 'new and unusual' certainly might have been spared by the gentleman; for the punishment is exactly the same as has been usual in every place under the exclusive jurisdiction of congress. It subjects them for a similar crime committed at sea, to the same punishment as if the offence had been committed in this territory of Columbia. The arms, it is said, are only given to them for their defence; well, will you not then take sufficient security that they shall not be used for offence; or shall they be permitted to trespass upon the vessels or territories of those in amity with the United States. He could not distinguish why murder committed on the high seas should be less murder than if perpetrated on shore. In both situations the offence was the same, and the punishment directed by the amendment was precisely the same — unless this was an old punishment to a new crime. If however the offence and the punishment were the same as heretofore, he could see no impropriety in passing the section he had offered.
Mr. Lucas could not discover how his colleague had inferred that the right of arming merchant vessels was a natural right, or a right under the law of nations. He supposes a neutral may resist illegal search, or defend himself against a pirate. On these points he need not add any thing, as they had been fully exemplified by the gentleman who moved the amendment. As to its inflicting new and unusual punishments, he could not make that discovery either; the punishment was the same for the offence when committed at sea as if committed in the body of a county; the only difference was as to the place where. In short he thought the amendment a very proper one, and hoped it would be agreed to. He thought the object of the bill was not so much to preclude the continuation of the trade to St. Domingo, as to give a kind of half way satisfaction to France, in excuse for the iniquity of that trade, as it had for some time past been carried on — From what had been stated by the gentleman from Maryland (Mr. McCreery) he supposed that the contracts for certain supplies to be furnished by the contractors in Maryland, and particularly in Baltimore, to the agents of the French government while at St. Domingo, had not yet been fully completed; but that shipments continued to be made, and the supplies destined for the service of the French actually were delivered at the ports as stipulated, although those ports were in the possession of the brigands. Under the intended regulation, armed vessels will defend themselves to get in, which may produce a clash of power between the contractors and the persons now lawfully commissioned by France to intercept the commerce between neutral nations and the brigands of St. Domingo. He admitted it was difficult to draw a line, as to how far an armed vessel should be restrained in the exercise of her force. He knew there would necessarily be some latitude of construction; but he thought the best security which could be obtained, was to punish an abuse of the power conferred upon them, by making all the parties principals or accessories, and punishing the offences in the same way as they would be punished, if committed within the territory over which congress have the power of exercising exclusive jurisdiction.
Mr. Sloan hoped he should always be careful how he undertook to speak on matters he did not understand. He had before remained silent on the bill so far as it had proceeded. He did not fully understand the commercial relations between the United States and other nations; but he had a full feeling and high estimation for the preservation of the peace and happiness of this country, and on this point he meant to express an idea which had occurred to him. He observed that it was but a very few years since Merchant vessels were permitted to arm in any other case than that of actual and declared war. He supposed then, and till believed, it was a dangerous experiment. He believed now that it was equally dangerous. Whether it was politically wise to pursue the St. Domingo trade at such an immense risk he would not say; as he had not as yet learned to calculate commercial profits, when set against the peace and happiness of his country; he should not decide for those who understood this kind of political economy. But to his mind it resulted from the arguments he had heard that it would be better to refrain arming altogether. Yet as a majority of the house had decided the contrary, he should not oppose their will, but he hoped they would endeavour so to secure this power from abuse, as to prevent to the utmost every possible evil which might otherwise arise to the unexampled prosperity of the Union.
Mr. Crowninshield said, he regretted the necessity of again troubling the committee on this subject. The bill under consideration was highly interesting to the merchants of the United States — He had repeatedly stated his objections to the bill as it was first reported, and as it was subsequently amended, and had moved an amendment, which had been finally agreed to. This was to strike out the cargo, so that bonds should be exacted only for double the value of the vessel, without reference to her loading, and he had the satisfaction to find that a majority had been found in favour of the proposal. Without repeating what he had observed formerly, when this subject was before the House, he would call the attention of gentlemen to the great value of some of the cargoes shipped from this country. He was convinced that the East India trade from the United States could not be carried on to advantage, if the merchants were compelled to give bonds in a sum equal to the full amount of vessel and cargo — This commerce was extremely valuable, and he hoped no embarrassments would be thrown in its way. If we wished to restrain the trade to a particular island in armed vessels, for his part he thought it might be done without touching the whole commerce of the United States, but he saw no reason why that trade was to be wholly interdicted. It might be well to oblige those who carried it on to enter into bonds to double the value of the vessel, tackle and furniture, conditioned that no aggression should be committed on the vessel of a friendly nation, and he should not oppose this regulation; but in doing this, he could see no necessity of extending these conditions to all other vessels. He said that he was certain, if the bonds were to be exacted for the cargoes of the East India vessels, it would fall extremely hard on the merchants of the eastern and middle states, who carried on a great and increasing trade to India. Some cargoes might amount to three, or even four hundred thousand dollars, and in such cases bondmen could not be procured. In general, the cargoes were not near so valuable; but we employed upwards of one hundred and fifty vessels in the India and China trade, and he hoped no restraints would be imposed on that commerce. That ships engaged in voyages beyond the cape of Good Hope were generally provided with arms merely to defend themselves against pirates, who were sometimes found in those distant seas, and he knew of no instance where they had committed an aggression, or where they had made any unlawful use of their arms, and he presumed none would occur in future. — Why then should we compel the owners of these vessels to give such heavy bonds? Why embarrass commerce unnecessarily? Commerce will be always most flourishing when left most free to individual enterprise. In some cases these bonds would operate to the injury of our European trade. It was well known that a vessel of two hundred and fifty or three hundred tons, loaded with sugar and coffee would be worth nearly one hundred thousand dollars. Would any gentleman in this House be willing to sign bonds for his neighbour for that amount? They would not, it might be presumed. Is it probable then, that one merchant will stand surety for another at the custom-house for these enormous sums? If the bill should unfortunately pass with a condition to include the value of the cargo in the estimate of the bonds, he ventured to predict that the revenue would be sensibly diminished for the next year. He would not be much surprised, if it fell short nearly a million of dollars. It would be impossible to procure the necessary bondsmen in all cases, and the merchants must give up their voyages to the East Indies in armed vessels, and if they suffered, they exposed their property to almost certain loss. If the bill was properly amended, Mr. Crowninshield said he believed he should vote for it, tho' he did not like all its provisions; but he supposed something must be done, and he would willingly consent to regulate the particular commerce, so frequently alluded to; but he could not approve of the bill in its present form. (To be continued.)
Domestic Intelligence.
VINCENNES, (I. T.) Nov. 20. 1804.
On the 2d of this inst. a treaty was signed at St. Louis, by governor Harrison, as commissioner on the part of the United States, and by the chiefs of the Sac, and Fox tribes of Indians, by which the latter have ceded to the United States the extensive tract of country included within the following bounds, to wit: beginning at a point of the Missouri river opposite the mouth of the Gasconade river; thence in a direct course so as to strike the river Jefferson, at the distance of 30 miles from its mouth, and down the Jefferson to the Mississippi; thence up the Mississippi to the mouth of the Ohioconing river, and up the same to a point which shall be 50 miles in a direct line from the mouth of the said river; thence in a direct line to a point where the Fox river, a branch of the Illinois, leaves a small lake called Secargan; thence down the said river to the Illinois, and down the same to the Mississippi. This is undoubtedly among the most valuable acquisitions we have ever been able to procure from the Indians, and reflects great credit upon the governor to whose influence and good management, we can alone attribute the successful negotiation; it has a front of six hundred miles upon the Mississippi, and contains 80,000 square miles which is equal to 51,200,000 acres, mostly first rate, and a part of it abounding in minerals.
A few days after the arrival of the governor, at St. Genevieve, he was waited on by a committee of the people of the districts of St. Genevieve, with the following letter:
To his excellency William Henry Harrison, governor of the Indiana Territory, and of the District of Louisiana.
Sir, In behalf of the people of the Districts of St. Genevieve and New-Bourbon, we have the honor to salute you, to testify to you and the American government, their entire approbation of your appointment to the executive duties of the district of Louisiana.
Indeed we address you as it were clothed with an absolute and arbitrary power, under and within the pale of the constitution of the United States with your co-partners in the offices of legislation, to make such laws and to execute them in such manner as may seem to you just and right. But, Sir, when we reflect upon your known attachment to the principles of republicanism, your capacity and exertion,
as a public officer, to confer happiness on the community, when we contemplate the wise and humane policy of those at the helm of national affairs, whence all authority in subordinate stations is derived, and that we are members of the great family of the American government, we rest assured that our rights will be judiciously preserved and cherished.
Living as we do in a country so friendly and hospitable to the human species, possessing and inhabiting lands so fertile and luxuriant, with many other natural advantages, which might here be detailed, and which hitherto have been but little known, we look forward with the pleasing expectation that the time is not far distant when we shall become a free and independent state. 'Tis happy period will either be hastened or retarded by our attachment to republican principles, our disposition for liberty, and the representations of those who may be placed as watchmen over us to give information of our moral fitness to enter into a state of absolute freedom.
Although we are just emancipated from the chains of despotism, our country an infant settlement, and our situation such as forbids for the present a government of our own choice — a government of laws enacted by ourselves or representatives — yet we cherish a fond hope that these privileges will be extended to us by the general government so soon as circumstances will permit, and in the mean time while under the auspices of your benign administration, we have every reason to believe we shall enjoy all the blessings of practical justice, among which the protection of our lives, liberties, and property are the most essential, secured by just and equal laws, whereby the people are not the subjects of men, but the constitution and laws, under the protection of which the most defenceless, the most simple, and the most ignorant among the people may be safe against the artifice, fraud, and chicanery of the boldest and most unscrupulous oppressor.
Were we in anticipating the enjoyment of those blessings in that happy fate, which raised us from the shackles of oppression — which raised us from a condition to which we before were compelled to submit, and which joined us to a free and magnanimous people — who acquired their liberty by the loss of their blood. Blessings secured to us to our children and to posterity, by mild and pacific means without a call to arms.
We rejoice with you, Sir, on the enjoyment of that equality of rights which secures the same protection to each individual and requires that all men of every description should be amenable to justice and the laws, which opens the doors of honor and preferment to every one, and the pretensions of no citizen are limited but by the distinctions of merit and capacity.
Whilst Sir, we rejoice in privileges so congenial to the mind of every American, (let his extraction be what it may,) permit us in behalf of the inhabitants of the districts of St. Genevieve and New-Bourbon, to congratulate you on your appointment to the executive authority of the country, whereby an additional token of the good opinion of congress in your wisdom and talents to dispense justice and to rule over a free people in their hearts and affections has been manifested, also to proffer you their aid and support to carry into effect all such laws, as may be founded upon the sacred principles of Republican Liberty and Equality.
It is not to you we look for the form of a representative government, we only expect the substance, and we have the fullest confidence in your patriotism and love of liberty, to bestow it on us, with all its accompanying benefits. — In truth, Sir, the firm and dignified measures of your present administration justly inspires this confidence. At rests with you and your coadjutors to confer the chosen boon upon the free men of Upper Louisiana. And, whilst we congratulate you on the confidence of your fellow men, we offer up our most fervent prayers for your future welfare, and tender you our most cordial and sincere wishes, that you may continue to merit and to deserve well of your country.
SAM. HINCH, W. FENWICK, RUFUS EASTON.
N. CAROLINA.
Raleigh, Jan. 7.
THE Circuit Court of the United States for this district adjourned on Saturday last, after having gone through all the business that came before them. It will be recollected that the ejectment cause brought in that court by the devisees of the Earl Granville, against Collins and Allen, came on to be tried at June term, when a demurrer was offered to the evidence of the defendants and a joider therein thereby taking the trial of the cause from the jury and referring it to the Court upon the law of the cause merely. When this demurrer came on for trial at this term, it was moved for the defendants that the demurrer should be withdrawn and a repleader ordered, upon the ground that the parties demurring were in the affirmative of the proposition, and the evidence of the defendants was of a negative nature; that either the legality of the evidence of the defendants only was embraced by the issue and not that of the plaintiffs, and therefore a judgment upon the demurrer would not be decisive of the question, or else the issue as joined must admit the truth of the plaintiffs own evidence.
The consideration of this preliminary question the court referred without prejudice to either party, and ordered an argument upon the main question. This argument was opened on Thursday by Mr. Gaston for the plaintiffs, at great length and with much method, perspicuity, elegance and strength — the defence was argued on Friday by Messrs. Cameron, Baker and Woods, with great ingenuity, skill and force, and the argument was closed on Saturday by Mr. Harris for the plaintiffs, with much learning and ability. The court have referred the consideration of the principal question also; and it is believed that judgment will be rendered at the next term, but for whom it will be given no hint has been dropped. The counsel for the defendants made the following points in their defence:
1st. That by the mere effects of the revolution the plaintiffs were divested of their right, and the land in question became the property of the State.
2d. That by the 25th section of the declaration of rights, the lands in question are declared to be the property of the people of this State to be held by them in sovereignty, thereby destroying the plaintiffs right.
3d. That the plaintiffs right, if not before taken away or lost, was forfeited and divested by the confiscation and entry laws of this State.
4th. That the plaintiffs are aliens and therefore cannot inherit lands in this State.
5th. That the plaintiffs are barred of recovery by the acts of limitation.
The points made by the plaintiffs counsel were intended to meet the objection to a recovery arising out of the points relied on by defendants.
It was said by them, that the revolution had no effect on private rights; that it occasioned only a change of sovereignty in the country; that the 25th article of the Bill of Rights, which speaks of the property of the soil being one of the essential rights of the collective body of the people had relation only to territorial rights, and did not affect the title of Earl Granville; that in 1744, seven eighths of the Lords Proprietors of the Carolinas having disposed of their rights and immunities to the King, the Granville family retained one-eighth share only, and that divested of all its sovereign appendages; that they therefore could be considered only as common subjects, whose property was not affected by the revolution. With respect to the confiscation laws, they were first re-

passing this property; the rates of others had been confiscated by name, but this had not been touched: That the law providing for the entry of lands had, it was acknowledged, been considered as making this land liable to entry; but though this had been the general opinion, it was no proof it was a correct one. They contended it was not, as the land had been already granted, and all granted land is expressly excepted by this law. But, supposing this property had been forfeited either by the revolution, or the confiscation laws, the State had never become seized of it by any office found, and therefore could not legally grant it.
With respect to Alienage, it was insisted that as Lord Carteret (the present plaintiff) was born a subject of Great-Britain, he could not become an Alien to his fellow subjects by the Revolution; and as they considered the grant of the land in question as a having been already granted by the King to the plaintiff the Act of Limitation could not operate in his favour.
Col. A. Martin spoke at some length, as an Amicus curie, in favour of the defendants.
The suit brought by the same plaintiffs against Gen. Davis and Gen. Jones was continued.
As the decision of this case is of importance to the People of this State (two-thirds of all the soil being involved in it) the Editor proposes publishing the arguments of the Counsel on both sides at length, the gentlemen concerned having promised to favor him with them. Register.
NEW-YORK, January 5.
The polls for the election of a Representative in Congress, in the room of Dr. Mitchell, were closed last evening. We have not been able to procure a statement of the votes in each ward; but no doubt can be entertained of the almost unanimous return of George Clinton, jun. no other candidate having been set up in opposition to him. In the fifth ward we understand, Mr. Clinton had 151 votes out of 175. Of the 24 scattering votes, Dr. James Smith had 15; the residue were for nearly as many different persons.
NORFOLK, January 7.
Disgraceful accounts from the Coast.—We are truly sorry to say that the prediction which we expressed in a few numbers back, of further distress on the coast, has been but too fatally confirmed. Mr. Williams late of Gun Boat No. 1, came up to town on Friday, from whom we learn, that he failed in the flood Betty, Capt. Burton, from Charleston bound to Baltimore, that on the night of the 21st ult. she ran on shore about 40 miles to the Southward of Currituck Inlet. Vessel and cargo lost—crew and passengers all saved.
Same night the Schooner Paragon, Ward, from New-York, bound to this port, went on shore, and painful to relate, there is every reason to believe, that the whole of the crew, with several passengers have perished; the vessel is lost, but a large part of the cargo will be saved, which we understand is very valuable, and will be sold on the Beach on Wednesday. A brig, Schooner and sloop, also went on shore near the same place, and at the same time, names unknown, the crews of both perished, vessels and cargoes totally lost. We are further informed that eight or ten other vessels are on shore to the southward.—(Ledger.)
ENQUIRER.
RICHMOND, JANUARY 15, 1805.
The following argument on the most important question, which has been agitated during the present session of the Legislature, is intended to excite the discussion of the people on a measure, pregnant with the most interesting consequences. Their representatives have virtually rejected it during their present session, in spite of the imperious policy which dictated its adoption. It is, however, to be hoped, that new inquiries will be instituted, more enlightened discussions will prevail, the people will be awakened to the danger which hovers over them, and that some future Legislature will have the prudence to administer the suitable remedy. In the admirable speech, which Mr. Smyth pronounced on this great question, many luminous arguments were displayed, analogous instances were cited to illustrate the danger of our situation, and a painful though indispensable policy was strongly enforced. That these statements may be preserved from oblivion, that they may excite the attention of the people and enlighten the deliberations of another Legislature; such should have been the important objects of a competent reporter. The Editor is too well convinced that these were objects, very far removed beyond his exertions; and that not only the form of these arguments would have been changed, but that their spirit would have been evaporated. In that precise form however in which he was able to catch and describe them, they are by him presented to the examination of his readers.
On the bill prohibiting the emancipation of slaves.
Mr. Byrd (the of Wight) had hoped that some gentleman more competent than himself would have come forward, in opposition to the present bill. Being disappointed in this expectation, he felt constrained to be a duty he owed to himself and to his constituents, to oppose it at all events. He should first consider it on the ground of policy, on which the gentleman from Wythe had first placed it. As his own feelings were much interested in the case, and the public mind would be much agitated, he trusted the house would excuse him for intruding so long upon their patience.
The gentleman from Wythe has stated that the public revenue would be affected by this bill; that as there is no poll-tax among us, and consequently no tax upon freemen, every slave who was made a freeman, was so much lost to the public revenue; and that therefore this bill which prevents emancipation, is friendly to the public revenue. This indeed, Mr. B. said, was placing it upon very narrow ground: had he taken a more extensive view, the gentleman would have found his conclusion incorrect. If this bill goes into a law, future legislatures will be continually troubled with petitions from masters for leave to emancipate their slaves. This is evident not only from the reason of the case, but from the experience which they had already had, previous to 1782 when emancipation was prohibited. If this would be the consequence, then may not the increase of the public revenue be equal to the loss of the public revenue? There are, for instance, about 1000 slaves annually emancipated in Virginia. The tax on each is somewhat less than 50 cents. Their emancipation would then constitute an annual loss of 500 dollars. But if the present bill is passed, we, Mr. B. said, shall be engaged one or two days every year in the examination of these petitions, and each day brings with it an expense of about 1000 dollars. So that the probable expense appears greater than the probable loss.
Even if he was not wrong in these calculations, and even if the state was so needy as to save such a pittance as this, Mr. B. enquired, whether there are not other ways and means to make this saving. There are. Already does the law prevent a master from emancipating his slave unless he gives bond with approved security, to support them in certain cases. Why should not the Legislature go further? Why should they not say that if he emancipates a slave he should still pay the tax, that would
have been levied upon him? Why not even say, that the emancipated negroes should themselves pay the tax? No doubt there may be objections to this arrangement: but it is almost better to do any thing, than to abolish the glorious right of emancipation.
There were other considerations of policy which deserved attention. Our laws ought to give general satisfaction: and it would be unwise and impolitic, to pass a law without some superior benefit which may be expected to arise from it. There are a vast number of people, who labour under the scruples of conscience and think it wrong to keep their fellow creatures in slavery. Such a law as this would disturb their feelings and interrupt the general harmony. During last session, a law was passed to prevent the unlawful meeting of slaves. It is a fact well known from every man's personal experience, and still further from the various petitions brought from different parts of the country against it that this law was obnoxious to many conscientious persons. But the bill upon the table would be more so, as it more directly tended to wound the conscience of the scrupulous.
But let us enquire, said Mr. B. how it will affect the slaves themselves. Gentlemen will say, that those who are in bondage will suffer more because they see others free. But would it be any amelioration in the condition of a slave to see others placed in the same condition? Are we not rather pleased to see our friends happy, even if we ourselves are miserable? And if this be true in any other situation in life, is it not equally true, of the condition of a slave? It might be stated, in the second place, that these negroes would be worse, because they were free: or, in other words, that free negroes are worse than slaves. 'Tis true that these negroes are sometimes idle, and addicted to stealing. But even these evils are not so pernicious as the one which emancipation may prevent. The principal source of our apprehensions ought to consist in insurrection. And from whom is this to be looked for? Not from freemen: because the motive for such an attempt would be to acquire freedom: and it would be paradoxical to say, that those who already possess this benefit would make any exertions to obtain it. If not from freemen then that this evil is to be apprehended, will it be necessary to say from whom?
Again, said Mr. B. let us enquire how the slaves will be affected by this bill. What motive have they for observing a regular and friendly deportment? As to overt acts, fear will restrain them. But as to those private acts, which violate no law, and which consist rather in what they might have done than in what they actually do, what motive operates upon them? It is the hope of reward; and what reward is more seductive than the acquisition of freedom? If this were destroyed, what security can we have of the fidelity of our slaves? Suppose a servant knows that some harm is to happen to his master; can he have a stronger incitement to inform him of it and put him upon his guard, than the prospect of emancipation? Experience too confirms this position. The insurrection that was meditated within the last few years, was prevented by the information of some who were concerned in it; and their fidelity was afterwards rewarded by the present of their freedom. In every point of view, then, it would appear best for the slaves, to expect and to obtain this privilege from their masters.
But how will this subject stand as to our government and constitution? These ought to be most sacred. Destroy a single pannel in our constitution and you destroy the whole. The 1st clause says, that all men are by nature equal and independent. Already have we violated this declaration. But the present measure would do still more. By adopting it we should not only permit, but promote slavery. And why should we blacken our journals with a law, which must tend to perpetuate it?—The last clause declares that conscience ought to be free. But conscience whispers to many men, that they ought not to maintain man in bondage. If then the present bill is passed, will it not conflict with conscience? These men consider their religion as the law of God: and if we pass this bill, we shall place them between two contrary and conflicting laws. If they turn to the right, they meet the law of God; and if to the left, then our law will stand directly in their way. It is immaterial whether these men are right or wrong in their belief: for in either case, their conscience would be equally wounded. Why then saw and abuse their feelings? There would be only one alternative left to them.—They must fly our country. If they remain among us, they must act contrary to their conscience: and we should thus banish from our country, many of those very men who took up arms in its defence, and contributed to establish our independence.
Mr. Byrd concluded by saying, that he had attempted to prove that the present bill ought not to pass, whether he considered its influence upon our revenue; the policy of it as it respects masters; its policy as it respects the slaves; and the sacred provisions of the constitution.
Mr. Smyth (of Wythe) was sorry to rise upon this floor to oppose any part of the liberty of the human race. Should any apology be required for this apparent dereliction of his political principles, he would rest his vindication upon the desperate necessity of the case itself. He was not opposed on abstract principles to the freedom of this melancholy race. Were it first made a question before the legislative body, whether servitude should be tolerated here: Whether these unfortunate victims should be introduced into our country, he should not hesitate to give it his most decided negative. He as well as other men had abhorred that pernicious policy, which dragged the innocent Africans from their native plains, and subjected them to the despotic power of a foreign country. During the present session he hoped he had already manifested the influence of this principle as often as a convenient opportunity had occurred. He had voted for the law prohibiting inhuman punishments, and extending to the slaves the right of the trial by jury. He hoped then that the House would not attribute his present conduct to any want of humanity, but to considerations of imperious policy: for, it was in this aspect he intended to consider the present subject.
Shall the blacks indiscriminately blended with our descendants divide this country with them, or shall they remain as they now are, completely distinct? This is the question, which he wished to submit to the consideration of the House, and which he himself proposed to investigate. He would look into futurity and examine the various conditions which this species of men may hereafter occupy: he would examine which of these situations was most auspicious to the happiness of society, and then he would determine how far the present bill was calculated to produce this most fortunate condition.
He might distribute all the possible relations which may hereafter subsist between the negroes and the whites, into four classes. Either the two races may be hereafter blended, and all the distinction of colour and organization completely lost; or they may remain distinct and perfectly equal in their rights; or distinct and politically unequal; or distinct and one of them completely divested of political rights, as they
at present exist. He would examine the probable consequences of these separate eras.
I presume, said Mr. S. that no white man will look forward with any complacency to that condition of society, in which the two races will be blended together: when the distinctions of colour shall be obliterated: when, like the Egyptians, we shall exhibit a dull and uniform complexion. If this state of society, then, is so disagreeable to our feelings, surely we will not encourage the policy, which is fitted to introduce it.
The next proposition regarded the two races as distinct and as equal in their rights. But there is no gentleman in this house, who is ignorant of the number of the people of colour. On the W. side of the mountain there is a considerable disparity between them: but the census of the Eastern District of Virginia would demonstrate that there they were superior in numbers. Should their number then be thus extensive, will they not produce men of talents and ambition? Will not the most bitter jealousies then arise between the two species; and the most violent contests for superiority? Does not experience declare to us, that when two different races of men occupy the same country, that such is the inevitable consequence? In the volumes of history perhaps there is not one case precisely parallel to this imaginary condition: perhaps there is not a solitary case, where two classes of men with different hair, different colour, and different temperament, have inhabited the same country, and enjoyed equal privileges. But there is one analogous example, which he might borrow from the history of Spain. When that country was divided among the Spaniards and the Moors, it exhibited two races of men, almost as much distinguished from each other by their colour, their living and religion, as the two species would hereafter appear in this country. And what was the consequence? Their contests did not end for 8 centuries: and then they ended by the expulsion of one of them from Spain. Such would be the state of our own country, if the two species were placed on an equal footing. Each would be continually striving for power and superiority: and one of them would finally be driven from the country, or completely extirpated. This consequently, is a system, which no friend of his country can regard with approbation.
But cannot they remain distinct, and yet unequal in their rights? This would not be a more fortunate situation. The gentleman who was last up, observed, that if they were once free, they would not be struggling for the acquisition of a perfect freedom. But that gentleman is mistaken in the fact. Give them less liberty & they will finally demand the most perfect equality. If that gentleman had directed his attention to the history of modern times, he would have perceived the fallacy of his statement. Let him turn to St. Domingo and he will find the disturbances of that ill-fated island, arising, not from the slaves alone, but from the people of colour, contending for equal rights. (Here Mr. S. read several extracts from an historical work, to prove his luminous position.) It will then be found that the unfortunate disturbances of St. Domingo have originated with the people of colour, and that they afterwards invited the slaves by their persuasions and incited them by their example, to examine their own condition, and aspire to the privileges of freemen. It is an incontrovertible maxim, that man will never be contented with the lesser liberty, when he has sufficient intelligence to perceive, and power enough to demand the greater. Except the case of St. Domingo, it would be difficult to find another analogous case of acquired liberty, combined with inferior rights. The history of the Jews under the Roman Empire will, however, supply us with similar deductions. (Here Mr. S. read extracts from the Roman History, to prove that the Jews, under the reign of the Emperor Adrian, were continually fomenting new insurrections.)
Review then these three conditions of society, and let any candid man declare that either of them is to be preferred to the present system. If then we reject with abhorrence, every idea of a blended and homogenous race; if we regard with horror the continual and aggravated evils arising from a distinct and emancipated nation: what conclusion is inevitably forced upon us? Or does our condition allow us but one choice? Does it not seem necessary to the peace of our country, that they should be retained in their present situation? Now they are deprived of the right of locomotion, of the opportunities of combining, and the powers of the mind. They are, and it grieves me to say, they ought to be. What should we say of a man who having his mortal foe bound at his feet, sets him once more at liberty, and plants a fillet in his hand. We might indeed commend his generosity, but who is there that would not condemn his want of prudence? Shall I make the application to the present subject? Or shall we then encounter this host of evils for the fear of giving up this "glorious right of emancipation?" He therefore declared, Mr. S. said, that the public safety requires the preservation of our present condition, and the adoption of every expedient which may tend to preserve it: and the present bill is obviously productive of this effect.
There was another point of view, in which the public interest seemed to require its adoption. It was the duty of the government to maintain the strength of the nation. But its strength consists in numbers and in wealth. And what effect has emancipation upon each of these? It lessens the relative number of its defenders by increasing the number of its enemies. And it lessens the wealth of the government by a diminution of its revenue. It is stated in Judge Tucker's Essay that in 1782 there were about 3000 people of colour. By our last census, there were about 20,000; & in future times, the numbers will be proportionally augmented. If they had continued slaves, they would have been taxed, & would have yielded revenue to the government. By their emancipation, therefore, this increasing revenue is forever lost to it; & the loss would far exceed any expenditure, which has been stated to arise from the hearing of petitions for legislative interference. If then the public strength consists of its efficient number and accruing wealth, the emancipation of slaves must be considered far more dangerous to the public safety.
It is not the natural rights of individuals (as it has been asserted) to dispose of his own property in every case, as in some cases he may contravene the rights of the government. Every proprietor must be considered as a trustee for the public good. He may use the profits of his property, as far as the public good permits it. But government has a right to demand a part for the public support, after the necessary deductions have been made for his own subsistence and the support of his family. By the emancipation of slaves however the proprietor pretends to dispose of the rights of the government, over which he has no controul.
But the public interest requires the present bill, not more than the interest of individuals. Whoever marries his daughter to another man, calculates upon her subsistence and on the maintenance of her descendants. Whatever property therefore is transferred to the husband, has this destination stamped upon it. It is then unjust for the husband to deprive his
wife and children of this property, by emancipating his slaves. There is no fraud equal to that of robbing his family by his will of what was intended and necessary to their support. The laws of the land are particularly attentive to the preservation of estates. Trustees are appointed for the protection of children, who are incompetent to take care of themselves. In some cases even trustees are appointed to watch over the conduct of prodigals. If such precautions then are taken for the preservation of property, ought we not to arrest the evils of a licentious emancipation?
It is a moral maxim too that no man can appropriate his property to any purposes which may injure the interests of others. What would be said of the inhabitant of Richmond, who would set fire to his own house? By so doing he injures the state, his family and his neighbours. In the same manner whoever emancipates a slave, may be inflicting the deadliest injury upon his neighbour. He may be furnishing some active chieftain of a formidable conspiracy. He may be kindling a flame, that will destroy our political edifice.—We have a law, which prohibits slaves from going at large, where they please. Shall we then grant them leave to go at large for ever? or shall the master assume to himself this privilege?
But a gentleman has declared that the present bill will violate the rights of conscience. There is a remedy however for this evil. The master may go into another state, and emancipate his slave. This is one of the privileges of a man during his life time: and as to the sympathy which it has been attempted to excite for the disturbed conscience of the dying man, it was certainly misplaced. What respect was due to the conscience of that man, who after having made all the use he could of his slave, does not hesitate to deprive his wife and children of their labour?
It has been also said, that the right of emancipation should be retained in the hands of the master as a guarantee of the fidelity of his slave; and we have been referred to the history of the last insurrection, for a confirmation of the argument. But it was the Legislature which emancipated them and still retain the same privilege. Let us then entrust the power of rewarding to that body and not to individuals.
Mr. Smyth concluded with hoping that the bill would be suffered to pass on its second reading; on taking the question; the Ayes were 77, Nays 70.
In discussing it before a committee of the whole house the bill was amended as to give every man a right to emancipate his slave, provided he was removed beyond the limits of the state, never to return. This amendment was rejected by the House: and thus the original bill was virtually rejected.
The great rise of the water courses prevented the arrival of the Northern Mail, that was due on Friday, Saturday and last night.
We conclude in this day's paper, the long and important documents on the Yazoo Claims. We shall prepare for our next number a summary statement of the merits of the case.
Legislature of Virginia.
EXTRACTS FROM THE JOURNALS OF THE HOUSE OF DELEGATES.
MONDAY, January 7th, 1805.
A communication from the Senate by their clerk. An engrossed bill, To amend the act, intitled, an act, directing the registering the names, ages and sexes of slaves in certain cases, was read a third time, and a blank therein filled up.
Resolved, That the bill do pass, and that the title be an act, To amend the act, intitled, an act, directing the registering the names, ages and sexes of slaves in certain cases.
A bill, Concerning the James river Company, was read a second time; and, On motion, ordered, to be committed to a committee of the whole house on the state of the Commonwealth.
A bill, To incorporate two companies for the purpose of cutting a navigable canal from Roanoke river to Meherrin river, and another navigable canal from Nansemond river to Bennett's creek in the state of North Carolina, was read a second time; a motion was made to amend the said bill by striking out that part of it which exempts the stock of the company from taxation for 120 years.
A further motion was made to amend the said bill by striking out the said words one hundred and twenty, and inserting in lieu of them the word fifty; and the question being put upon the last proposition; It passed in the negative.
The question was then put upon the first proposed amendment and passed in the negative.
Ordered, That the said bill be engrossed and read a third time.
TUESDAY, January 8.
A bill, To amend the act, intitled, an act, to amend and reduce into one the several acts of the General Assembly, for regulating the militia of this commonwealth, (which with the further amendments, as reported from the committee of the whole house, lay on the table) was taken up and further amended.
A motion was made to strike out the 8th section of the said bill, which was amended, is in the following words:
And it shall be the duty of the commanding officers of companies to note down and make return to their respective battalion courts of enquiry of all absentees and delinquents from musters in their respective companies.
It passed in the negative.
The following humorous and pathetic petition to the Legislature of Maryland, was presented on the 20th instant.
To the Honorable, the General Assembly of Maryland, now anchored in the City of Annapolis.
The humble petition of poor Jack Clarke, of the city of Baltimore, foweth to your honors, that your unfortunate petitioner, while ploughing the dominions of old Neptune, having carried rather taught ball in squally weather, the gales of misfortunes blowing hard, he over-ran his reckoning, the watch on deck keeping a bad look out, he was stranded on the shoals of poverty, soon after overhauled and made prisoner by the commander of pres-gang, called the sheriff of Baltimore, and now lies locked under hatches in limbo, to the great grief of his darling Poll, and sweet little crew, who since his imprisonment have been on short allowance.—Therefore, your petitioner prays your honors will order the hatches to be unbarr'd by an Act of Insolvency, that his folks may be cut, be again put to sea on a cruise, in hopes that fortune may prove kind, in the distribution of her prize money, and poor Jack once more enabled to cheer the heart of his darling Poll and her sweet little babes. And your petitioner will ever pray, &c.
By the emancipation of slaves however the proprietor pretends to dispose of the rights of the government, over which he has no controul.
But the public interest requires the present bill, not more than the interest of individuals.
Whoever marries his daughter to another man, calculates upon her subsistence and on the maintenance of her descendants.
Whatever property therefore is transferred to the husband, has this destination stamped upon it. It is then unjust for the husband to deprive his
Sales at Auction.
WILL BE SOLD for cash, exclusively without reserve, on Friday the 18th inst. TWO ELEGANT PIANO-FORTES.
THOMAS TAYLOR, F.M.
January 15.—(4t.)
NOTICE.
THOSE indebted to the late firm of Shanks & McRae, either by Bond or open account, are desired to make payment before 1st of March. All failing to comply, will find their accounts in the hands of an attorney.
COLIN MACRAE.
Manchester, January 15.—(2w.)
NOTICE.
THE creditors who have proved their debts under a commission of Bankruptcy, awarded against Christopher Anthony, and Tarleton W. Pleasants, under the firm of Anthony and Pleasants, merchants of the city of Richmond, are desired to meet the assignees of the said Bankruptcy, at the office of the assignees, on the 26th of this present month, at 9 o'clock in the forenoon, at the commissioners' office, to assist to, or dissent from the said assignees, commencing, prosecuting or defending any suit or suits at law, or in equity for the recovery of any part of the said Bankruptcy estate and effects, or to the compounding, submitting to arbitration, or otherwise agreeing to any matter or thing relating thereto, and on other special affairs. By order of the commissioners.
ROBERT BROOKE, C. C.
Commissioners' Office, Saturday, 15th January, 1805. { 4t.
READY MONEY AND A GENEROUS PRICE
WILL be given for a likely NEGRO WOMAN of good character, not exceeding twenty-five years of age, brought up in a genteel family as a seamstress, capable of making up the best linen, and used to wash and iron in the neatest manner. Those who have one for sale of this description, will please lodge information at the Office of the Enquirer, or direct a letter to A. D. forwarded to the Post-Office at Richmond Court-house. January 15.—(4t 3d.)
NOTICE.
THE surveyors of the different counties in Virginia, who by law are to account with the President and Directors of William and Mary College, for a proportion of their fees, and who have not so done, are requested to render their accounts to July last, and pay the respective balances due to the college. WILLIAM COLEMAN, Burfar
Williamsburg, January 6, 1805.
During the present session of assembly, James Semple, Esq. member for the city of Williamsburg, will receive and grant a discharge for any money which shall be paid to him. January 15.—(2w.)
WILL BE SOLD, on Saturday the 19th of this instant, at the Tavern of Zachariah Brooks in the town of Manchester, about fifty-five acres of WOOD LAND, the property of Peter Leath decd. lying within three miles of said town, near the Turnpike road, leading from Manchester to Falling Creek, adjoining the lands of Alexander Banks, William Edwards, and James Branch; the terms of sale will be six months credit, the purchaser giving bond with approved security, to bear interest from the date, if not punctually paid. ALSO—Will be sold on the same day and place, if not previously disposed of, one half acre lot, in the said town of Manchester, on which is a very large stable, a small wood house, &c. The terms of sale, as it respects the lot, will be made known on the day. GREENSVILLE PENN, Administrator. January 15.—(2w.)
LEXINGTON LOTTERY.
By Authority of the Legislature of Virginia for raising 25,000 Dollars. SCHEME OF THE FIRST CLASS. The drawing positively to commence on the 12th of February next.
The managers are now making up the numbers and prizes for the purpose.
  1 Prize of 4000 dols. is dols. 4,000   1 do. 2000 2,000   1 do. 1000 1,000   4 do. 500 are 2,000   10 do. 200 2,000   20 do. 100 2,000   25 do. 50 1,250   100 do. 30 3,000   4927 do. 6 29,562   The first drawn number on the first day, 500 500   First do. 7th day, 100   First do. 8th day, 150   First do. 9th day, 200   First do. 10th day, 250   First do. 11th day, 300   First do. 12th day, 350   First do. 13th day, 400   First do. 14th day, 500   First do. 15th day, being the last day of drawing, 600   Last number drawn, 458 
Dollars 50,000
Five thousand Tickets, at 10 dollars each, is 50,000. There are to be no blanks in this Lottery, and the prizes will be subject to more than one 15 per cent discount.
Tickets will be held at 10 dollars each, five of which are to be paid in hand, and the remaining five when the prize money is applied for.
The law authorizing this Lottery, was passed in the year 1796, for the relief of the sufferers by fire in Lexington, all of whom except Orphans have assigned and transferred their interest and claim to the managers thereof, to be by them applied to opening a good Carriage road over the North and South Mountains, and across the Valley through Lexington.
This road will be in a direct line with the New State Road to the Western waters, and so far a continuation thereof toward Richmond, which will shorten and greatly improve the passage from every part of James River between the Blue Ridge and Richmond to the Sweet and other mineral Springs and from thence towards Greenbrier, Kenhawa, &c.
The managers flatter themselves that the object of this Lottery being so laudable, in which a great part of the State is interested, and from the sales that have been already made of Tickets, that upon the day above mentioned a sufficient number of Tickets, if not all will be sold to warrant the drawing, and that no farther postponement will take place.
When the drawing is finished a list of the fortunate numbers will be published.—All prize money, not applied for within one year after the drawing will be presumed to have been relinquished for the Benefit of the Lottery.
&lt;

THE YAZOO PAPERS.
CONCLUDED.
(K.)
An Act supplementary to an act, entitled "An Act for appropriating a part of the unappropriated territory of this state for the payment of the late state troops, & for other purposes therein mentioned, declaring the right of this state to the unappropriated territory thereof, for the protection and support of the frontiers of this state, and for other purposes."
WHEREAS in and by the articles of confederation entered into, and finally ratified on the first day of March one thousand seven hundred and eighty-one, by the then Thirteen United States of America, the territory within the limits of each of the said states is to each of them respectively confirmed and guaranteed, first, by the second article, to wit: "Each state retains its sovereignty, freedom and independence, and every power, jurisdiction and right, which is not by the confederation expressly delegated to the United States in Congress assembled; and secondly, by the last clause in the second section of the ninth article; no state shall be deprived of territory, for the benefit of the United States."
And whereas in and by the definitive treaty of peace, signed at Paris, on the third day of September, one thousand seven hundred and eighty-three, the boundaries of the United States are established, and those boundaries which limit the westward and south westward parts of this state, are therein thus defined: "Along the middle of the river Mississippi, until it shall intersect the northernmost part of the thirty-first degree of north latitude, thence by a line drawn due east from the termination of the line last mentioned, in the latitude of thirty-one degrees north of the equator, to the middle of the river Apalachicola or Chatahoochee; thence along the middle thereof to its junction with the Flint river; thence straight to the head of St. Mary's river, and thence down along the middle of St. Mary's river to the Atlantic ocean." Which boundaries coincide with the southward and westward boundaries recited in the land act now in force, passed at Savannah on the fourteenth day of September, one thousand seven hundred and eighty-three; and by the convention held at Buford, on the twenty-eighth day of April, one thousand seven hundred and eighty-seven, between this state and the state of South Carolina; the northern boundary of the state is established "from the mouth of the river Savannah, up the said river to the confluence of Tugaloo and Keowee; thence up the Tugaloo, and from the source thereof a due west line to the Mississippi, including islands." And whereas in and by the first clause of the sixth article of the federal constitution of the United States of America, all engagements entered into before the adoption of the said constitution shall be as valid against the United States, under the said constitution as under the confederation, by the third clause of the ninth section of the first article of the said constitution, no ex post facto law shall be passed, and by the second clause of the third section of the fourth article, the Congress shall have power to dispose of and make all necessary rules and regulations respecting the territory or other property belonging to the United States, and nothing in this constitution shall be so construed as to prejudice any claims of the United States, or of any particular state.
And whereas the cession made by the state of North Carolina to the United States, by them accepted on the second day of April, one thousand seven hundred and ninety, is a full acknowledgment and recognition on their part, that the several states not only have the right of pre-emption, but are in the full exercise of all territorial right within their respective limits. And whereas, notwithstanding the United States did, on the twenty-second day of July, one thousand seven hundred and ninety, by an act to regulate trade and intercourse with the Indian tribes, enact and declare, that no sale of lands made by Indians, or any tribe or nation of Indians within the United States, shall be valid to any person or persons, or to any state, whether having the right of pre-emption to such lands or not, unless the same shall be made and duly executed at some public treaty, held under the authority of the United States, and did on the seventh day of August, one thousand seven hundred and ninety, by a treaty held at New-York, with certain Creek Indians, stipulated by the fourth article of the said treaty, that the boundary between the citizens of the United States and the Creek nation, is and shall be, from where the old line strikes the Savannah, thence up the said river to a place on the most northern branch of the same, commonly called the Keowee, where a north east line, to be drawn from the top of Oconee mountain, shall intersect, thence along the said line in a south-west direction to the Tugaloo river; thence to the head of the Oconee mountain; thence to the head or the source of the main south branch of Oconee river, called the Apalachicola river; thence down the middle of the main south branch and river Oconee to its confluence with the Ocmulgee, which form the river Altamaha; and thence down the middle of the said Altamaha to the old line on the said river; and thence along the said old line to the river St. Mary's; and by the fifth article of the said United States solemnly guarantee to the Creek nation, all their lands within the limits of the United States, to the westward and southward of the boundary described in the preceding article.
And whereas the state of Georgia aforesaid, hath by no act, or in any manner whatever, transferred, alienated or conveyed her right of soil or pre-emption in any part of the vacant territory within the limits of the said state, to the United States, the cession dated the fifth day of February, one thousand seven hundred and eighty-eight, offered by the state of Georgia to the United States, having been by the said United States, in Congress assembled, on the fifteenth day of July, one thousand seven hundred and eighty-eight, rejected, in which rejection, territorial rights are declared to rest on the spirit and meaning of the confederation; And whereas, the said proposed cession became void, and on the part of this state, is hereby declared to be null and void, to all intents, purposes and constructions.
Be it therefore enacted by the Senate and Representatives of the Freemen of the State of Georgia, in General Assembly met, and it is hereby enacted, by the authority of the same, That the state of Georgia aforesaid, is in full possession and in the full exercise of the jurisdictional and territorial rights, and the fee simple thereof; and that the right of pre-emption, to vacant and unappropriated lands lying westwardly and southwardly of the present Indian temporary line, and within the limits of the said state, and the fee simple thereof, together with the right of disposing thereof, is, and are hereby declared to be in the state of Georgia only; and for the purpose of raising a fund for carrying this act fully into effect.
Be it enacted, That all that tract or parcel of land, including islands, situate, lying and being within the following boundaries, that is to say: Beginning on the Mobile bay, where the latitude thirty one degrees north of the equator intersects the same, running thence up the said bay, to the mouth of lake Tenaw; thence up the said lake Tenaw to the Alabama river, including Curre's and all other islands therein; thence up the said Alabama to the junction of the Coosa and Oakfuskee rivers; thence up the Coosa river, above the Big Shoal, to where it intersects the latitude of thirty-four degrees north of the equator; thence a due east course to the Mississippi river; thence down the middle of the said river to the latitude of thirty-two degrees, forty minutes; thence a due east course to the mouth of Tombigbee river; thence down the middle of the said river to its junction with the Alabama river; thence down the middle of the said river to the Mobile bay; thence down the said Mobile bay to the place of beginning, shall be sold unto James Gunn, Matthew M'Allister, and George Walker, and their heirs and assigns for ever in fee simple, as tenants in common, and not as joint tenants, for the sum of two hundred and fifty thousand dollars, to be paid in specie, bank bills of the United States, and warrants for the years one thousand seven hundred and
ninety-one, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-two, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-three, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-four, and one thousand seven hundred and ninety-five; drawn by the governor, the president of the senate, and speaker of the house of representatives, in the following manner, that is to say: Fifty thousand dollars to be deposited in the treasury previous to the passing of this act, and the remaining two hundred thousand dollars to be paid on or before the first day of November next.
And be it further enacted, That whenever the said James Gunn, Matthew M'Allister, and George Walker, and their associates, or their agent or agents, shall produce to his excellency the governor, a receipt signed by the treasurer, that they have deposited the aforesaid sum of fifty thousand dollars, according to the tenor and effect of this act, it shall then be the duty of his excellency the governor, and he is hereby required to issue and sign to the said James Gunn, Matthew M'Allister, and George Walker, and their associates, their heirs and assigns, in fee simple as tenants in common, and not as joint tenants, a grant for the aforesaid tract of country, they securing the last payment of two hundred thousand dollars to the state, by a mortgage to his excellency the governor, and his successors in office, on the whole of the land so granted, which mortgage shall be immediately foreclosed, in case default shall be made in the payment of the said sum of two hundred thousand dollars, on or before the first day of November next, as aforesaid, in the superior court of any county within the state of Georgia, at the discretion of his excellency the governor, any law or usage, regulating the mode of foreclosing mortgages, to the contrary notwithstanding, and the whole sum of fifty thousand dollars deposited, shall become forfeited to and for the use of the state; and the grant to be given to the said James Gunn, Matthew M'Allister, and George Walker, and their associates, to be, and the same in that case is hereby declared to be null and void.
And be it further enacted, That the said Georgia company shall reserve for, and to the use of the citizens of Georgia, exclusively, the quantity of one million of acres of their purchase, in the following manner, to wit: At the expiration of three months from and after the passing of this act, a subscription book shall be opened at the treasury office of this state, and be kept open for the term of four months thereafter, for the purpose of receiving subscriptions of the citizens for the said reserved lands; Provided, That no person who shall otherwise become a member, or interested either of the companies herein contemplated, shall be allowed to subscribe for any part of said reserved land; no person shall be permitted to subscribe for more than five thousand acres in his own name, or in the name of any other citizen, unless duly authorized and appointed by him for that purpose, under a warrant of attorney, executed in the presence of two or more witnesses, one of whom at least shall be a justice appointed for holding the inferior court of the county, where the subscriber resides, which said power of attorney shall be lodged with the treasurer, as his voucher for entering such subscription; And provided also, That the citizens of the respective counties shall not, at any time within three months from and after the opening of the books of subscription as aforesaid, be allowed to subscribe for more or greater quantity of the said reserved lands, than the proportion herein after particularly described and limited, to wit: Chatham, one hundred and seventy thousand acres; Effingham, sixty-two thousand acres; Burke, one hundred and fifty-five thousand acres; Richmond one hundred and fifty-five thousand acres; Columbia, one hundred and fifty-five thousand acres; Wilkes, two hundred and seventy-two thousand acres; Washington, one hundred and thirty-one thousand acres; Elbert, one hundred and thirty-one thousand acres; Greene, one hundred and twenty-five thousand acres; Franklin, seventy-eight thousand acres; Liberty, sixty-nine thousand acres; Glynn, thirty-two thousand acres; Camden, thirty-two thousand acres; McIntosh, thirty-five thousand acres; Bryan, thirty-two thousand acres; Warren, ninety-three thousand acres; Oglethorpe, one hundred and sixteen thousand acres; Montgomery, twenty-three thousand acres; Screven, thirty-eight thousand acres; and Hancock, ninety six thousand acres. And it shall be the duty of the treasurer, in all cases of application to subscribe, to require an affidavit, in writing, in the following words: "I do solemnly swear or affirm, that I am in no way interested, directly or indirectly, either as a member, or otherwise, in any company's purchase of lands in the western part of this state, and that the subscription which I propose to enter, is in my own proper right, and to my use and benefit only." And it shall be the duty of the justices of the inferior courts, before whom warrants of attorney authorizing subscriptions, shall be executed, to require a like affidavit on the back of such warrant of attorney, before attesting the same; and the land so subscribed and paid for, shall be held by such subscribers, in fee simple, as tenants in common and not as joint tenants, on the same terms and upon the same principles with original purchasers of the company in which they shall subscribe, and shall be entitled to fair and equal representations in such company, in proportion to the quantity of land, so by them subscribed and paid for.
And be it further enacted, That upon entering any subscription as aforesaid, it shall be the duty of the treasurer, and he is hereby required to receive of the subscribers the purchase money, being the proportion of one fifth part of such subscription, in terms of this act, the remaining four fifths or balance of the purchase money, shall, within four months from and after the opening the said book of subscriptions, be paid into the treasury, in like manner as aforesaid, and in case such balance shall not be paid, on or before the expiration of the said seven months, from the passing of this act, then, and in that case, the subscriber or subscribers so failing, shall be at liberty to withdraw their said subscription, together with the money so paid by them, and the lands so subscribed for by them, shall revert to and be vested in the company, in which such subscription shall have been made or entered.
And be it further enacted, That all that tract of country, including islands, situate, lying, and being within the following boundaries, that is to say: Beginning on the river Mississippi, at the place where the latitude of thirty-one degrees and eighteen minutes north of the equator, intersects the same; thence a due east course to the middle of Don or Tombigbee river; thence up the middle of the said river, to where it intersects the latitude of thirty-two degrees and forty minutes north of the equator; thence a due west course along the Georgia company line, to the river Mississippi; thence down the middle of the same, to the place of beginning; shall be sold to Nicholas Long, Thomas Glascock, Ambrose Gordon, and Thomas Cumming, and their associates, called the GEORGIA MISSISSIPPI COMPANY, to them and their heirs and assigns for ever, in fee simple, as tenants in common, and not as joint tenants, for the sum of one hundred and fifty-five thousand dollars, to be paid in gold or silver coin, bank bills of the United States, and such warrants as are made payable in the Georgia company's purchase, in the manner following, that is to say: thirty-one thousand dollars to be deposited previous to the passing of this act, and the remaining one hundred and twenty-four thousand dollars, to be paid on or before the first day of November next.
And be it further enacted, That whenever the said Nicholas Long, Thomas Glascock, Ambrose Gordon, and Thomas Cumming, and their associates or their agent or agents, shall produce to his excellency the governor, a receipt signed by the treasurer, that they have deposited the aforesaid sum of thirty-one thousand dollars, according to the tenor and effect of this act, it shall then be the duty of his excellency the governor, and he is hereby required to issue and sign to the said Nicholas Long, Thomas Glascock, Ambrose Gordon, and Thomas Cumming, and their associates, their heirs and assigns, in fee simple, as tenants in common, and not as joint tenants, a grant for the aforesaid tract of country, they securing the last payment of one hundred and twenty-four thousand dollars to the state, by a mortgage to his excellency the governor, and his successors in office, on the whole of the land so granted, which mortgage shall be immediately foreclosed, in case default shall be made in the payment of the said sum of one hundred and twenty-four thousand dollars, on or before the first
day of November next, as aforesaid, in the superior court of any county within the state of Georgia, at the discretion of his excellency the governor, any law or usage, regulating the mode of foreclosing mortgages, to the contrary notwithstanding, and the whole sum of thirty-one thousand dollars deposited, will become forfeited to, and for the use of the state; and the grant to be given to the said Nicholas Long, Thomas Glascock, Ambrose Gordon, and Thomas Cumming, and their associates, as aforesaid, to be, and the same is hereby declared to be null and void.
And be it further enacted, That the said Georgia Mississippi company, shall reserve for the use of the citizens of Georgia exclusively, the quantity of six hundred and twenty thousand acres of their purchase, to be subscribed, or held and appropriated on the same terms, and to be presented in like manner, as the land reserved by the Georgia company as aforesaid.
And be it further enacted, That all that tract of country including islands, situate, lying and being within the following boundaries, that is to say: Beginning at the Mississippi river, where the northern boundary line of this state intersects the same; thence along the said northern boundary line, due east to the Tennessee river; thence along the said Tennessee river, to the mouth of Bear Creek; thence up Bear Creek to where the parallel of latitude twenty-five degrees intersects the same; thence a due east course along the said parallel of latitude, across Tombigbee or Twenty Miles creek, due west to the Mississippi river; thence up the middle of the said river to the beginning; shall be sold to John B. Scott, John C. Nightingale, and Wade Hampton, called the UPPER MISSISSIPPI COMPANY, & to their heirs and assigns for ever, in fee simple, as tenants in common, and not as joint tenants, for the sum of thirty-five thousand dollars, to be paid in specie, bank bills of the United States, and such warrants as are made payable in the Georgia company's purchase, in manner following, that is to say: Five thousand dollars, part thereof to be deposited previous to the passing of this act, and the remaining sum of thirty thousand dollars, to be paid on or before the first day of November next.
And be it further enacted, That whenever the said John B. Scott, John C. Nightingale, and Wade Hampton, or their agent or agents, shall produce to his excellency the governor, a receipt signed by the treasurer, that they have deposited the aforesaid sum of five thousand dollars, according to the tenor and effect of this act, it shall be the duty of his excellency the governor, and he is hereby required to issue and sign to the said John B. Scott, John C. Nightingale, and Wade Hampton, their heirs and assigns in fee simple, as tenants in common, and not as joint tenants, a grant for the aforesaid land, they securing the last payment of thirty thousand dollars to the state, by a mortgage to his excellency the governor, and his successors in office, on the whole of the land so granted, which mortgage shall be immediately foreclosed, in case default shall be made in the payment of the said sum of thirty thousand dollars, on or before the first day of November next, as aforesaid, in the superior court of any county within the state of Georgia, at the discretion of his excellency the governor, any law or usage, regulating the mode of foreclosing mortgages, to the contrary notwithstanding, and the whole sum of five thousand dollars deposited, shall become forfeited to, and for the use of the state; and the grant to be given to the said John B. Scott, John C. Nightingale, and Wade Hampton, as aforesaid, to be, and the same in that case is hereby declared to be null and void.
And be it further enacted, That the said Upper Mississippi company shall reserve to, and for the use of the citizens of Georgia exclusively, the quantity of one hundred and thirty-eight thousand acres of their purchase, to be subscribed for, held appropriated, on the same terms, and to be represented in like manner, as herein before pointed out, in respect to the lands reserved for the citizens in the Georgia company.
And be it further enacted, That all that tract of land including islands, situate, lying and being within the following boundary lines: Beginning at the mouth of Bear creek, on the south side of the Tennessee river; thence up the said creek to the most southern source thereof; thence due south to the latitude of thirty four degrees ten minutes north of the equator; thence a due east course one hundred and twenty miles; thence a due north course to the Great Tennessee river; thence up the middle of the said river to the northern boundary line of this state; thence a due west course along the said river to where it intersects the Great Tennessee river, below the Muffel Shoals; thence up the said river to the place of beginning, shall be sold unto Zachariah Cox, Matthias Maher, and their associates, called the TENNESSEE COMPANY, and to their heirs and assigns for ever in fee simple, as tenants in common, and not as joint tenants, for the sum of sixty thousand dollars, to be paid in specie, bank bills of the United States, and such warrants as are made payable in the Georgia company's purchase, that is to say: twelve thousand dollars to be deposited as part thereof, previous to the passing of this act, and the remaining forty-eight thousand dollars, to be paid on or before the first day of November next.
And be it further enacted, That whenever the said Zachariah Cox, and Matthias Maher, and their associates, or their agent or agents, shall produce to his excellency the governor, a receipt signed by the treasurer, that they have deposited the aforesaid sum of twelve thousand dollars, according to the tenor and effect of this act, it shall then be the duty of his excellency the governor, and he is hereby required to issue and sign to the said Zachariah Cox, and Matthias Maher, and their associates, their heirs and assigns in fee simple, as tenants in common, and not as joint tenants, a grant for the aforesaid tract of country, they securing the last payment of the forty-eight thousand dollars to the state, by a mortgage to his excellency the governor, and his successors in office, on the whole of the land so granted, which mortgage shall be immediately foreclosed, in case default shall be made in the payment of the said sum of forty-eight thousand dollars, on or before the first day of November next, as aforesaid, in the superior court of any county within the state of Georgia, at the discretion of his excellency the governor, any law or usage, regulating the mode of foreclosing mortgages, to the contrary notwithstanding, and the whole sum of twelve thousand dollars deposited, shall become forfeited to, and for the use of the state; and the grant to be given to the said Zachariah Cox, and Matthias Maher, and their associates as aforesaid, to be, and the same in that case is hereby declared to be null and void.
And be it further enacted, That the said Tennessee company shall reserve for and to the use of the citizens of Georgia exclusively, the quantity of two hundred and forty-two thousand acres, to be subscribed for, held and appropriated on the same terms, and to be represented in like manner as the lands reserved by the Georgia company as aforesaid.
And be it further enacted, That the said Tennessee company shall reserve a further quantity of fifty thousand acres, to be gratuitously divided share and share alike, between the commissioners appointed by this state, for the purpose of examining the quantity, quality and circumstances of the Great Bend of Tennessee river, which shall be held by them as tenants in common, and not as joint tenants, and be represented in like manner as the lands reserved by the other companies, for the use of the citizens, as a compensation to the said commissioners, for their services rendered the state in that capacity.
And be it further enacted, That all sums so paid by the citizens for lands subscribed for by them, agreeably to the terms of the act, shall be received in payment and as part of the purchase money of the said companies respectively.
And be it further enacted, That the grants to be issued to the respective companies in virtue of this act, shall be free from all further or other expense whatsoever, the fees of office accruing upon one grant to each company excepted, which shall be to the surveyor general, three dollars, to the governor of the state, three dollars, and to the secretary of the state, three dollars, and that the lands to be granted in pursuance of this act, shall be free from taxation, until the inhabitants thereof are represented in the legislature.
And be it further enacted, That the said grantees and purchasers of the land aforesaid, shall forbear all hostile or wanton attacks on any of the Indian tribes which may be found within the limits of this state, and keep
this state free from all charges and expenses which may attend the preserving of peace between the said Indians and the grantees, and extinguishing the Indian claims to the territory included within their respective purchases; And provided further, That this state and the government thereof, shall at no time hereafter, be subject to any suit, or law or in equity, or claim or pretension whatever, for or on account of any deduction in the quantity of the said territory, or on account of the amount of the purchase money to be paid as aforesaid, by any recovery which may or shall be had on any former, or other claim or claims whatever.
And be it further enacted, That the money arising from the sale of the said territory, except what shall be appropriated to the extinguishment of Indian claims, as hereinafter expressed, shall be vested in six per cents, or such other stock in the funds of the United States, as may be directed by this, or a future legislature, and the interest arising thereon, or so much thereof as may be necessary, shall be applied to the payment of the civil establishment, and contingent expenses of the government of this state.
And be it further enacted, That immediately after the Indian claims to the land lying between the Oconee and Ocmulgee rivers, including that tract of country lying east of a line to be drawn from the place called Fort Romulus, on the Ocmulgee river, to the head of the St. Mary's river, or the northern extremity of the Ahimooosa swamp, may be extinguished, the grantees of the several companies and their associates, are hereby authorized to apply to the government of the United States for their concurrence in extinguishing the Indian claims to the different tracts of country by them severally hereby purchased, or hereafter purchased, or such thereof as they may deem practicable, which extinguishment of claims to the lands so purchased, shall be at the proper expense of the respective companies, and within five years thereafter, the said companies shall severally form settlements on the lands where the claims may be so extinguished, or forfeit the further sum of five thousand dollars for each company so failing.
And be it further enacted, That the sum of ten thousand dollars, part of the first payment to be made by the companies aforesaid, shall be, and the same is hereby declared to be appropriated and set apart, for the purpose of extinguishing the Indian claim, in addition to the twenty thousand dollars appropriated by the act, entitled, an act appropriating a part of the unappropriated territory of this state, for the payment of the late state troops, and for other purposes therein mentioned.
And be it further enacted, That the several grantees and their associates, shall not be entitled to dispose of the said territory in part or in whole, in any way or manner, to any foreign king, prince, potentate or power whatever, which condition shall be specially expressed in the face of the grant.
And be it further enacted, That all the lands lying westward and southward of the eastern boundary of the several company purchases and not included therein, estimated at one fourth of the whole lands lying westward and southward of the eastern boundary of the said purchases, and supposed to contain seven millions two hundred and fifty thousand acres, shall be, and the same is hereby declared to be reserved and set apart to, and for the use and benefit of this state, to be granted out or otherwise disposed of as a future legislature may direct.
THOMAS NAPIER, Speaker of the House of Representatives. BENJAMIN TALLIAFERRO, President of the Senate. GEORGE MATHEWS, Governor. Concurred, January 7, 1795.
By Authority.
LAW OF THE UNITED STATES.
AN ACT
For the disposal of certain copies of the Laws of the United States.
BE it enacted, by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled—That three hundred copies of the laws of the United States, which have been procured by the Secretary of State, in obedience to the law passed for that purpose, and three hundred copies of the Journals of Congress, which have been procured in pursuance of the resolution of the second of March, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-nine, shall be placed in the Library of Congress.
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That the Secretary of the Senate, for the time being, be, and he is hereby is hereby authorized to receive three hundred copies of the laws of the United States, out of the one thousand copies reserved by law for the disposal of Congress as soon as the same shall be printed, after each session; which he shall cause to be placed in the library, and afforded respectively with the sets of copies mentioned in the first section of this act; excepting only, that at the close of the present session which will complete the Eighth Congress, and in like manner after each particular session in future, which shall complete a Congress, he shall cause the several copies reserved by him as aforesaid, for all the sessions of each respective Congress, to be bound in one volume, making three hundred volumes for each Congress, as aforesaid, which he shall cause to be placed in the library, afforded with the respective sets of copies mentioned in the first section of this act. And the several copies of the laws and Journals of Congress, mentioned in this act, shall not be taken out of the library, except by the President and Vice-President of the United States, and members of the Senate and House of Representatives for the time being.—And the expense of binding shall be paid, from time to time, out of the fund appropriated to defray the contingent expenses of both Houses of Congress.
Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, That the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives, for the time being, be, and they are hereby empowered to establish such regulations and restrictions in relation to the copies of the laws and Journals of Congress, directed by this act to be placed in the library, as to them shall seem proper, and from time to time, to alter and amend the same: Provided, that no regulation nor restriction shall be valid, which is repugnant to the provisions contained in the act.
Sec. 4. And be it further enacted, That to make up the deficiency of the appropriation heretofore made, for the purchase of four hundred copies of the laws of the United States, the sum of eleven hundred and forty-four dollars be, and the same is hereby appropriated, payable out of any money in the treasury, not otherwise appropriated.
NATHL. MACON, Speaker of the House of Representatives. A. BURR, Vice-President of the United States, and President of the Senate. January 2, 1805. APPROVED, TH: JEFFERSON.
FOR RENT:
THE Large White House at Rocketts, formerly occupied by Mr. William Fenwick, and afterwards by Mr. Braxton Craddock. For terms, apply to GALLEGO, RICHARD & CO. January 11. (f)
FOR SALE,
FIVE Hhds. and 10 qr. cases of LONDON PARTICULAR TENNISHE WINE of a superior quality, on a credit of 120 days.—Negotiable notes. Enquire of THOMAS NORVELL. December 29. (f)
LANDS FOR SALE,
In the Genesee Country, state of New York. HE SUBSCRIBER having charge of part of the valuable lands in the Genesee country, lately under the agency of Charles Williamson, esq., now offers them for sale on moderate terms either to actual settlers, or to those who declining to settle on the lands themselves, are desirous of investing their monies for the future benefit of their families. The titles of these lands are indisputable.
For terms apply to Mr. John Hellep, at the proprietor's land office at Geneva, in the county of Ontario, in the state of New York, or to Mr. Saml. S. Haight at Bath, in the county of Steubens; or to Mr. Frederick Fanning, at Preston, in the state of Connecticut—or to
ROBERT TROUP.
New York, June 5, 1804. cWsm
BY SUBSCRIPTION.
Forty Subscribers at 10 dollars each.—Terms made known and subscriptions received by
Richie & Worsley—for
TUNSTALL'S
PATENT THRESHING MACHINE. THE advantages to be gained by farmers, by applying some effectual parts to Threshing Machines, which have greater velocity, adequate strength, and greater cheapness than hitherto, and applicable to any machinery, are universally allowed to be very great. WILLIAM TUNSTALL has obtained a Patent for such improvements; and wishes to benefit the public on the most reasonable terms. Distincts and individuals may be now accommodated with Machines and patent rights, by applying in person or by letter (post paid) to the patents, William Tunstall, at the Swan Tavern, Richmond. These Machines will hull Clover and thresh Rice Buck Wheat &c. preferred free from grit.—Counterfeits will be dealt with as the law directs. July 18. cW—tf
LOW FOR CASH, OR ON SHORT CREDIT, Direct from Peasington's Manufactory, Philadelphia.
LOAF SUGAR,
OF an excellent quality, either by the hogshead, barrel, or single loaf. The supply will be regular and large.
ALSO—BAR IRON, by the ton or single bar: IRON CASTINGS of various kinds, by the ton or single piece, among which are a few tons of 50 and 60 lbs. weights.
MICAIAH DAVIS.
4th of 7th mo. 1804. [cWsm]
DOCTOR WILSON received yesterday a supply of Peruvian Bark, Castor Oil and Tolu, all of the best quality. He also has Cinchona, Rheubarb, Senna, Manna, Rochelle and Glauber Salts, Tartar Emetic, Ipecacuanha, Opium, Elastic and Silver Lathers, Elastic and common Bougies, &c. &c. He designs to keep a supply of the best Medicines that can be procured, and flatters himself that his acquaintance with Medicine, will entitle him to a share of public patronage. Persons of needy circumstances by paying the retail prices of his Medicines, will be preferred for gratis. October. cWtf
THIS DAY IS PUBLISHED, AND FOR SALE AT RITCHIE & WORSLEY'S BOOK-STORE: The Rainbow, SERIES FIRST; Originally Published in the RICHMOND ENQUIRER
AN association was formed during the last summer, by a few gentlemen, of whom some are now, and others have been, inhabitants of this city, for the purpose of composing a series of Miscellaneous Essays for the Richmond ENQUIRER. These Essays were regularly published every Saturday, during the months of August, September, and October. The first number appeared on the 11th of August, and the last on the 20th of October. These numbers, taken together in the order in which they were published, will constitute the first series of the RAINBOW: and it is this first series which is now presented by the proprietors of the Enquirer to the amateurs of Literature, and to its patrons in Virginia. The second series will probably be communicated to the public in the present form, as soon as it shall be completed by the members of the association. Richmond, Dec. 11th, 1804.
BROKER'S OFFICE.
THE Subscriber has opened a Broker's Office, opposite the Union Tavern, and over the Counting-house of Thomas and Anns Ladd. All business confided to him, will be transacted with strict fidelity. THOMAS NORVELL. October 3. tf
TRACT OF LAND.
Will be publicly exposed to sale, at the Eagle Tavern in the city of Richmond, on the 15th day of January next.
A SMALL TRACT OF VALUABLE LAND, whereupon the subscriber now lives, containing about 250 acres, lying on the Wetham road, and about four miles from the said city. A farther description of the land is deemed unnecessary, as it is presumed that every person desirous of purchasing, will obtain farther information as to the land, by a view of, or enquiry as to the same. 500 dollars of the purchase money will be expected in cash, and a credit of seven years given for the balance, upon receiving bond with security for the payment thereof, and legal interest thereon annually. Mr. Archer Payne of Goochland, who is the trustee of the subscriber, will join her in executing a deed to the purchaser. ELIZABETH DANDRIDGE. December 29. (f)
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD.
JACK, or JACK ASH, a gardner by profession, formerly the property of Lewis Burwell, dec'd. was sold by the Exor. of said Burwell, about this time last year, to a gentleman residing in Amherst county, who permitted him to come down last May, for the purpose of visiting his wife and relations, with a promise that his visits should be repeated frequently. Jack has thought proper to abuse this indulgence by not returning to his master. His age is something above fifty, rather under the middle size. 'Tis believed that he secretes himself in Chesterfield, probably in Manchester, where his wife's friends live. The keeper of the toll bridge on the ferry near when on visits to his wife, who is free, and who resides opposite Mr. Southgate's garden. Whoever will deliver the said Jack to Mr. Roff the jailor will receive the above reward on application at the office of the Enquirer. Jan. 8, 1805. tf
BLANKS.
The following Blanks, printed on a handsome Script Type, may be had at the office of the Enquirer. D. C.
 BANK Checks, (plain)pr. quire1