Virginia Argus (Richmond, Va.), 1804-10-03 00:00:00

THE VIRGINIA ARGUS.
[VOL. XII.]
A FREE PRESS MAINTAINS THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE PEOPLE.
[No. 1192.]
RICHMOND:—PRINTED (ON WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS) BY SAMUEL PLEASANTS, JUNIOR, PRINTER TO THE COMMONWEALTH.
[Four Dollars Per Annum...paid in advance.]
WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 1, 1804.
[12 1-2 Cents Single.]
Advertisements, not exceeding a square in length, are inserted in this paper for seven-five cents the first time; three dollars for three weeks (6 times); and for every additional insertion thirty-three cents. Long ones in the same proportion—unless a special contract be made by the year.
FOR SALE, By Edward Hallam, At his Grocery Store, opposite the Swan Tavern. 5000 Wt. excellent Salt Pork, Bacon, Fat Salt Pork, by the bag or 100. Madeira, Teneriffe and Sherry Wines. Antigua, Jamaica and New-England Rum. Cognac Brandy and Whiskey. Philadelphia Porter, by the bbl. 3 doz. each. Coffee by the bag—Molasses by the hhd. Raisins & brown Sugar—Hyson & Imperial Teas, 9 by 11 and 10 by 12 Window Glass. Bar Iron, Irish Potatoes, &c. The above articles will be sold low for ready pay. April 28, 1804.
The subscriber has just received six thousand weight of first quality New-England Cheese, Which he will dispose of on moderate terms. Nicholas Hallam,
Two doors above the Swan Tavern, Richmond, has for sale, eight thousand wt of American Cheese, Of the best quality, which he will sell on as good terms as can be bought in the state, by the single pound, or thousand. A constant supply of GROCERIES of the best kind—Also, A few bushels Northern POTATOES, for planting.
HART and SOUTHGATE, Grocers and Commission Merchants, In the store lately occupied by Mr. Bowton, opposite Mr. Pleasants' Printing-Office, MAIN STREET, RICHMOND. Respectfully inform their friends and the public, that they have laid in a general assortment of GROCERIES and LIQUORS of the first quality, which they are selling very low for ready money or produce at cash prices. Also, Queen's Ware, Patent Shot, Gunpowder, Indigo, &c. &c. and Hare's Philadelphia bottled Porter, of which they have a constant supply, by the dozen or single bottle. They have for sale, on Commission, CUT NAILS (from 3d to 20d) by the cask or small quantities; also, a quantity of SOLE LEATHER, or Cask, or to be bartered for Wheat; and a pair of COLOGNE MILLSTONES, 3 feet 11 in. August 8, 1804.
Westhant Iron Foundry, NEAR RICHMOND.
The subscriber takes the liberty of informing the public that he has taken a lease and is at present working the above foundry; and having provided the best artists in that line from New-York and George-Town, together with Pig Iron of the first quality: Proposes to cast—Mill gudgeons & links of every description; also, cast iron wheels for the machinery of mills; Rumford, registered and plain grates; grate front and bottoms, for Rumfordizing fire-places; large and small stoves; cauldrons and cabin stoves; Franklin stoves for wood or coal; kitchen grates, with crane and range complete; cookstoves; plain stoves and mantelpieces; cast railing of every pattern; plow shares and plow boards; cast waggon, coach, phaeton and chair boxes; scale weights from 1 to 60 lb; sa. and clock weights; patent saw irons for smiths, on a very approved plan; haws, jams and back lays; nail cutting machines with screws complete; wheel-barrow bowls; garden ditto; cast iron anvils; fire dogs and hand irons of every description—together with any other article in the casting line—to a given pattern, at the shortest notice, by application at the furnace, or to JAMES DUNLAP, in Richmond. 25th June, 1804. w3m P. S. Old Iron purchased by application as above.
Notice. Valuable Lands for Sale. At Hanover Courthouse on Wednesday the 24th day of October next, will be exposed to sale, at Auction, TWO TRACTS OF LAND; one of them containing 775 1-2 acres more or less, and is commonly known and called by the name of BIRN'S TRACT; part whereof lies in Goochland and part in Hanover. The other tract contains 100 acres, more or less, and lies in Hanover—The subscriber believes that the latter tract is commonly known by the name of FENTON'S place. Both tracts adjoin each other, and will be sold together. These lands are about 22 miles from the city of Richmond, in a healthy situation, and an agreeable neighbourhood. The sale will be made by virtue of a deed of trust from Thomas Thompson and Jane Isabella his wife, and William Du Val, to George Yulie, dated the 22d of March, 1796, and recorded in the General Court in June following, to secure the payment of a debt due from the said Thomas Thompson to Murdoch Fearn & Co. and which deed of trust the subscriber was authorised to carry into effect, by a deed of assignment made between him and the aforesaid Thompson, and George Yulie, dated the 23d day of January 1798, and recorded in the General Court the 13th of November following. The terms of sale are one third of the purchase money to be paid down at the time of sale, one third in 12 months, and the other third in 18 months from the day of sale.—Bond and approved security will be required, as also a deed of trust upon the land, and a deed of conveyance with special warranty will be executed to the purchaser, by CHARLES COPLAND, Richmond, 10th Sept. 1804. w4ds
A FEW COPIES OF Lorenzo Dow's Dream: ALSO, A SERMON Preached by him in Norfolk, are just received and for sale at this office.
NOTICE. Application will be made to the next General Assembly, praying that an act may pass to vest in the subscriber, the right of the Commonwealth to a lot in the town of Charlottesville, No 50, which formerly belonged to Thomas West, dec. FREDERICK GAUDER. Charlottesville, July 20th, 1804. [w3m]
Scheme of a Lottery, For the benefit of WILLIAM & MARY COLLEGE. FIRST CLASS. 8000 Tickets at 10 dollars. 80,000 2 Prizes, dolls. 10,000 20,000 60 of 500 30,000 2,000 of 15 30,000 80,000 Subject to a deduction of 15 per ct. 12,000 Expense of drawing, 2,000 Dollars, 10,000 First Ticket drawn, Dolls. 500 Last drawn, 10,000 1 other Prize of 10,000 59 other Prizes of 500 dolls. 29,500 2,000 of 15 dollars, 30,000 Dollars, 80,000 All tickets drawn blank may be renewed in the next class, at 10 dollars. each; the price of all others will be 15 dollars. All prizes of 15 dollars may be renewed for the next class, or paid, at the option of the person entitled. If they be not claimed within three months after the drawing commences, they will be considered as renewed in the second class. The drawing to commence in the city of Williamsburg, on the 1st day of June, 1804, under the management of James Madison, John Bracken, William Nelson, Robert Greenhow, Burwell Bassett, Robert Saunders, Samuel Tyler, Champion Travis, William Lightfoot, Littleton W. Tazewell, George Tucker and James Semple.
SECOND CLASS. 5,938 Tickets at 10 dollars. 59,380 4,083 ditto at 15 dollars. 70,930 130,310 Deduct loss on 2,062 tickets renewed at 2 1-2 5,155 Dolls. 125,155 2 Prizes of 20,000 dolls. 40,000 2 ditto of 10,000 dolls. 20,000 3 ditto of 5,000 15,000 50 ditto of 1,000 50,000 1 ditto 155 125,155 Deduct 10 per cent. 12,500 Expenses of drawing, 2,500 Sum raised, Dolls. 10,000 Ticket first drawn, Dolls. 1,000 Ticket last drawn, 20,000 One other prize of 20,000 Two ditto of 10,000 20,000 3 ditto of 5,000 dolls. 15,000 49 ditto of 1,000 49,000 1 ditto 155 Dollars 125,155
TICKETS May be had of George Tucker, Thomas Taylor, and Samuel Pleasants, Jr. in Richmond; Robert Birchett, and Watkins Leigh, Petersburg; Thomas Newton, Dr Barrand, & Littleton W. Tazewell, Norfolk; Hugh Mercer, Fredericksburg; Henry Tucker, Winchester; Chapman Johnson, Staunton; and in all the towns in Virginia, and in many places in the country.
Notice. Will be Sold, at Public Auction, on Thursday the 25th of October next, at the dwelling house of the late Mayo Carrington, deceased, in the county of Cumberland—all the
Perishable personal Estate Of the said deceased, consisting of Household and Kitchen Furniture, Stocks of Horses, Cattle, Sheep and Hogs, Corn, Fodder and Plantation Utensils; also a Coach and Harness nearly new and in good order. Twelve months credit will be allowed on all sums of ten dollars and upwards, on bond with approved security, to carry interest from the date if not punctually paid, being given. All persons having claims against the estate of Mayo Carrington, deceased, are requested to make them known to the subscribers residing in Richmond. Edward Carrington. } Adm'rs. John Adams. } September 4th, 1804. eo4w
Committed to the jail of Albemarle county, a Negro Man who says he belongs to Mrs. Rapland in the county of Louisa, near the Green Springs, and that he was hired out to a Mr. Miller at the Iron Works over the Blue Ridge. The owner is requested to prove property, pay charges and take him away, or he will be dealt with as the law directs. 3m THOS. WILLS, Jun. July 28, 1804. Jailer Albemarle county.
Negroes for Sale. At Halifax Courthouse, on the 7th day of December next, the subscriber will sell, to the highest bidder, Fifteen Likely Negroes, Consisting of three valuable young fellows three women and their children. The terms of sale will be one half cash, and the balance payable in six and nine months. Sept. 10th, 1804. JOHN B. SCOTT. w4t
Foolscap & Letter Paper For sale at this office.
JUST PUBLISHED, By Samuel Pleasants, Jun. and for sale, by the Gross, dozen, or single, at his Printing-Office and Book-Store, Richmond; The Virginia Almanack FOR THE YEAR OF OUR LORD, 1805:
Being the first after Bissexile or Leap Year. Adapted to the latitude and meridian of Richmond.
Calculated by BENJAMIN BATES, of Hanover County, Virginia.
Containing besides the astronomical calculations—the Virginia delegation to congress; officers of the commonwealth; members of both houses of the state legislature; members of the privy council; judges of the superior courts; Quakers' general meetings; district and county court days in each county; a short mode of calculating interest; a number of useful recipes; tables of gold coin; the coins of the United States, established by law; an essay on various important agricultural subjects, by Joseph Cooper; original and selected poetry; anecdotes; maxims, &c.; Roads, from Richmond to Charleston, (s. c.)—from Richmond to the Sweet Springs—and from Richmond to Portsmouth (N. H.) &c. &c. * A great allowance made to wholesale purchasers. September 8th, 1804. wif
Just received at S. Pleasants' Book Store and Printing Office. Rowlett's Table of Interest and Discount Dawson's Temple of Nature Jones's Book-Keeping Hearts of Oak, a new Comedy Raising the Wind, a new Farce Montmore's Commercial Dictionary, containing the present state of Mercantile Law, practice and Custom. 3 vols. Mayor's Universal History, 12 vols. now publishing by subscription—to be comprised in 25 vols. at one dollar each—Subscribers will please call for the vols. published. Bacon's Works, 5 vols. elegant Goldsmith's Essays in 2 vols. new edition Dawson's Life A few reams of excellent Foolscap and Quarts Post Paper.
RESOLVED, by the President and Directors of the BANK OF VIRGINIA, That the form of the power for voting by proxy, at any elections, be— KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, That I do hereby appoint _____ of _____ to be my substitute and proxy, for and in name and behalf to vote at any election of a director, or directors of the Bank of Virginia, as fully as might or could, or were personally present. In witness whereof, have hereunto set hand and seal, this _____ day of _____ in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and five, and of the independence of the United States the _____ Sealed and delivered } in the presence of } That the form of the power for voting by proxy, respecting the enacting, repealing or amending bye-laws, ordinances and regulations, be— KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, That I do hereby appoint _____ of _____ to be my substitute or proxy, to represent _____ at all meetings of the stockholders of the Bank of Virginia, and in name and behalf to vote respecting the enacting, repealing or amending such bye-laws, ordinances or regulations as may be deemed necessary and convenient for the government of said bank. In witness whereof have hereunto set hand and seal, this _____ day of _____ in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and five, and of the independence of the United States the _____ Sealed and delivered } in the presence of } That the form of the power for selling, assigning and transferring bank stock, be— KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, That I do hereby constitute and appoint _____ of _____ true and lawful attorney, for and in name and behalf to sell, assign and transfer unto any person or persons, the whole or any part of share unto belonging in the capital or joint stock of the President, Directors and Company of the Bank of Virginia, and for that purpose to make and execute all necessary acts of assignment and transfer, and further more one or more persons under _____ to substitute, with like full power. In witness whereof have hereunto set hand and seal, this _____ day of _____ in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and five, and of the independence of the United States the _____ Sealed and delivered } in the presence of } Signed, JOHN BROCKENBROUGH, Cashier.
Notice. The subscriber having formed a connexion with JOHN L. LEE, which will commence on the 6th day of October next—and in order to close his present business, he will, on Thursday the fourth day of October next, at 10 o'clock, at his Store, offer at PUBLIC SALE, the whole of his Present Stock of Goods, Consisting of Old Madeira and Port Wine; Rum, Brandy and Gin; Loaf and Brow; Sugar; London Brown Stout; Imperial and Young Hyson Tea; and almost every article in the Grocery line. JAMES FISHER. The terms of the above sale, for all sums under 50 dollars cash; above and not exceeding 150 dollars 60 days; and for all sums above 150 dollars, 120 days credit, for notes with approved security. PROSSER & MONCURE, o. ms. Richmond, Sept. 27th, 1804
Hay-Market Garden. NOW in a high state of accommodation for ENTERTAINMENTS, being provided with excellent Musicians and a Fire Worker of great celebrity, will be prepared to amuse visitors during the races, with CONCERTS, BALLS, FIRE-WORKS & ILLUMINATIONS, in the most splendid style—The musical arrangements directed by Monsieur Folly, and the Fire Works and Illuminations prepared and exhibited by Monsieur St. Aubin, a pupil of Mr. Josselyn, professor of Fire Work at the Tivoli Gardens in Paris, lately from Philadelphia and Baltimore. September 28th, 1804.
FROM THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER. To the PEOPLE. THE DEFENCE. No. IV.
IN reviewing the measures of the administration we shall divide them according to their connection with the great departments of the government. By this course we shall be enabled to make some approaches to system, and to assign responsibility its proper limits.
Before we proceed to this enquiry, it is necessary to take a short view of the distribution of powers under the constitution, which appears in the discussions of the day, to have been entirely lost sight of, and which is essentially necessary to understand to avoid running into error in the estimates made of executive conduct.
The constitution establishes three great departments of power, the legislative, executive and judicial. Congress constitutes the first, the president the second, and the judges the last. In the discharge of judicial functions the president does not, in the least, co-operate except so far as to nominate the judges. In those of legislation he has a qualified agency. In the formation of treaties this agency is only limited by the will of the senate; but in the enactment of laws it is extremely circumscribed. It is limited to a simple negative, which is unavailing in case two thirds of each house repass a bill. In congress laws are initiated; there all their details are examined. That body is constituted for this express and almost exclusive object. One of its branches is chosen directly by the people every two years, while the other is the representative of the states. From these considerations, there can be no doubt that the responsibility of making good laws is intended by the constitution to reside in congress. Was it likewise the intention of that instrument that the chief magistrate should share it with them? To a certain extent, it certainly was; but to what extent is not so certain. The theory of the British constitution, which appears to have been steadily in the contemplation of the convention, vests this power, without any qualification, in the king. Yet that magistrate, notwithstanding the monarchical structure of the government and the little respect paid to public opinion, has waived the exercise of it for more than a century. It may be said that the president has stronger claims to participate in the enactment of laws than the king, from his being elected by the people; but to this it is a sufficient answer to say, that it is inadmissible in a republic, to consider one man, for the enactment of laws, as faithful a representative as many men, brought from every section of the union; and further, that the British parliament, composed of an hereditary house of lords, and a house of commons, which have long since ceased to represent the people, cannot be considered as filling the same political sphere with an American congress; inasmuch as the latter is the bona fide representative of the people and the states; while the former is more than an aristocratic association. If, therefore, under such a government, experience has evinced the danger and impolicy of interposing the executive veto; how much more dangerous and impolitic would its exercise be likely to be in frustration of the decided will of the nation, expressed through their immediate representatives.
It will not be concealed that the constitution requires the approbation of the president to every bill before it becomes a law. "If he APPROVE, he shall sign it." It is absolutely necessary, then, that he should approve before he signs a bill; it follows that if he disapprove a bill he shall not sign it. Of what nature are we then to consider this approbation?
It may be assumed as certain that the same unqualified approbation is not implied as by the legislative body. The latter are called upon to pursue bills into all their details, to accept or reject different parts, and to introduce whatever modification they think proper. The former is only permitted to approve or reject, in the whole, without the power of suggesting any amendment. Farther;—before a bill can be submitted to him, it must have received the approbation of both branches of the legislature, the representatives of the people and of the states. When, therefore, a bill, under these circumstances is submitted to him, it is apparent that the case is essentially varied from that which existed during its progress through the legislature. All enquiry into its details arising from the desire of improving them is foreclosed. The opinion of the legislature, virtually that of the people, is declared in its favor. It only remains to the president to decide whether, under these circumstances, the public good may be promoted or injured by his approbation. The bill may be unwise or imperfect; and yet the public good be subserved by suffering it to go into effect. It may be advisable that the experiment should be tri-
ed, and the public profit by their own errors. But paramount to these motives to forbearance, the chief magistrate, if sincerely devoted to republican institutions, will feel the necessity of restraining a disposition to array his own individual opinion in hostility to that of the nation, as conveyed through their peculiar organs of legislation. He will habitually distrust the suggestions of his own mind when opposed to their will. While, therefore, he will not hesitate to exert the high prerogative, with which he is invested, on great occasions, in which the voice of duty is loud and commanding, and in which the public good unequivocally requires it, he will, with cautious wisdom, forego its exercise on all other occasions.
His legislative responsibility will therefore, be in a narrow compass; it will depend upon the single consideration whether, under all the circumstances attending the propositions of laws submitted to him, the public welfare will be promoted by his sanction.
This view has been taken for the purpose of separating the legislative from the executive responsibility of the government. It is no less incorrect, than it is common, to consider the executive responsible for all the acts of the government. However this opinion may prevail among the friends of a monarchical system, it is not the less a heresy under ours. As neither the legislative or judicial departments are responsible for the acts of the executive department, so neither is the executive answerable for theirs. The constitution forbids the president except in the prescribed orbit we have delineated, or by advice given to congress, to interfere with the powers of the legislature. No less is all such interference forbidden by the jealous independence with which every public agent, equally with every private citizen, is in this country accustomed to assert his rights. No doubt can be entertained, that under the joint influence of these considerations, the chief magistrate, who should attempt to usurp the legislative power either by direct or indirect means would soon learn that the high power of impeachment was not fruitlessly reposed in the legislature. It is not then true, that the president is absolutely responsible for all the legislative acts passed during his administration. The probability is that many of these acts are such as he, in the character of a legislator or a citizen, would never have assented to.
Among these acts are two of the first importance; the judiciary act, and the amendment to the Constitution; neither of which were recommended, or even suggested by the President. It will be most regular to consider these measures, in this place, as they do not properly fall under either of the great provisions we have proposed; and as they have little, if any necessary connection with executive duties.
On no occasions, perhaps, has there been a more daring spirit of falsehood than on these. Both these measures have, without the least reason, been ascribed to the President. Whereas, the truth is, that in his official capacity, he has not, and could not even notice the one; and has not otherwise noticed the other than by giving his assent to a bill previously passed by the two Houses. Nor has any proof of his private opinions, on either of these points, transpired to this day. Even that order of mind so apt in the estimation of his enemies to betray him into an imprudent exposure of his opinions, has not furnished occasion for a solitary charge. By a bold assumption, that inasmuch as his general politics coincided with those of the legislature who devised these measures, he must therefore be considered as friendly to them, and being friendly to them, must be considered as their author, an attempt has been made to make him pre-eminently responsible for all their effects. Thus does party fury, as blind as headstrong, without discrimination seek its victim, and having once marked him, hunt him to destruction, not for sins actually committed by him, but for all the sins committed by others.
It is true that the general subject of the judiciary was recommended, in the first message, to the attention of Congress. But in what terms? Not in those of hostility to the new system; but in the following dispassionate language:
"The judiciary system of the United States, says the President, and especially that portion of it recently vested, will of course present itself to the contemplation of Congress; and that they may be able to judge of the proportion which the institution bears to the business it has to perform, I have caused to be procured from the several states, and now lay before Congress, an exact statement of all the causes decided since the first establishment of courts, and of those which were depending when additional courts and judges were brought into their aid."
No opinion is expressed of the origin or the tendencies of the new judiciary

system, information only is given on this, as on a variety of other objects, viz. on the receipts of the several taxes, their application to the various objects designated by law; on the state of the militia; on our foreign relations; on our naval strength; on the establishment of the mint; on fortifications, and many other objects. As well might it be inferred that from the mere exhibition of the situation of the various establishments of the government, the President intimated the propriety of their destruction or radical modification, as that, by this information, relative to the judiciary, he intended to inculcate the expediency of repealing the act of 1800. As his conduct is similar in all these cases, it is but just to ascribe to him a common motive applicable to them all. The constitution expressly commanding him to "give to Congress information of the state of the union" and "to recommend to their consideration such measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient;" assigns two distinct and separable duties. In relation to the judiciary, he discharged the one uninterwoven with the other.
In other cases, where he judged certain measures necessary and expedient, he did not scruple to declare his opinion, as in the case of the internal taxes, and the retrenchment of numerous sources of expense; thus evincing to every correct mind, capable of deducing a sound inference, that as on points where he expressed an opinion, he wished that opinion to operate as a recommendation; so on points where no opinion was expressed, he deliberately withheld all recommendation. This measure must then be considered as purely legislative in its origin, as well as nature; and of consequences, Congress, and not the President, are responsible for it.
It is not the object of these remarks to supercede the necessity of its investigation. Viewed as a great question of policy, destined, according to its solution to have a leading agency in its effects on the public welfare, it becomes the duty of every intelligent citizen to understand it. This shall be our apology, for dwelling on it a few minutes longer.
In reviewing the voluminous discussions to which the repealing law gave rise, we perceive a mixed mass of eloquence, of party animadversion, and of argument. Being the first important debate, after the change of the administration, it was seized as the occasion of contrasting, in all their features of dissimilitude, the two hostile parties. The minority, unaccustomed to submission, resolved to make a desperate effort to regain their powers; and fancied they saw in this measure the means. This accounts for this heterogeneous mixture; for which however, another reason may be assigned. No class of men are less competent to the discussion of great questions of policy than lawyers. In the habit of testing all contested points by precedent, they rarely bend the powers of their mind to the development of principle. Looking out of their own minds for every thing, it is not strange that they gradually sink into the vehicles of the ideas of others. Their faith insensibly, like that of the church, in proportion as it distrusts its own powers, clings to that of the saints. It may be added that the routine of their duties, by exhausting their capacity on little things, necessarily disqualifies them from taking these enlarged views which national legislation demands. Of this description of men the minority was principally composed. We are not, therefore, surprised at minds thus feeble, instead of courting the distinction of a strong, plain, and concise view of the subject, endeavoring to develop it by a mass of inapplicable precedents, of crude opinions, and fanciful analogies.
Notwithstanding the volumes written upon this subject, it is apprehended that its merits lie in a narrow compass. Two views have been taken of it, and it is capable of no other. Is it constitutional? and is it expedient? Its justification required that it should be both.
Is it constitutional? It is allowed on all hands, that Congress possessed the power of modifying, at pleasure, the existing judiciary laws, so far as they regarded the duties of the judges. The first words of the Constitution declare that "all legislative powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives."—The power is unlimited.
A subsequent section says "Congress shall have power to constitute tribunals inferior to the supreme court." The language is not imperative. They may, or may not, exercise it.
A subsequent section gives the further power, "to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this constitution in the government of the United States, or in any department or office thereof."
On this point, therefore, the legislative power is perfect, and commands as well details, as general principles. The tribunals, inferior to the supreme court are the creatures of legislation; as without legislation they could not have existed. The duties of those who fill them are defined by law. They may, by law, be increased or diminished. To their augmentation there is a constitutional limit; but there is none to their diminution. There is no portion of the power, thus vested by law, that may not by law be taken away, if every portion of power may be taken away, which is but the aggregate of the parts.
In such an event there can be but two results. Either the office of a judge is abolished, or it remains without duties. If abolished, by these means, which are, as we have seen, strictly constitutional, there is an end of the discussion. If it be not, by these means, abolished, it follows that the office remains without the judge having any duties to perform. On this point, as if its occurrence had been foreseen by the constitution, it speaks an explicit language, and at once crushes the absurdity, by declaring that "the judges shall hold their offices during good behavior, AND shall, at stated times, receive for their services, a compensation, which shall not be diminished during their continuance in office."
Thus does the constitution render inseparable the tenure of office with the rendering services, and the rendering services with receiving a compensation. The union is indissoluble. If there are no services, there can be no compensation. If the alleged officer is divested of duties, which is an equivalent term for services, and of compensation, what remains?
It is no mean confirmation of this reasoning, that congress are made the constitutional judges of the services rendered, by that article of the constitution, which provides that "no money shall be drawn from the treasury, but in consequence of appropriations made by law." By this provision and the antecedent one requiring service, congress are prohibited from giving a cent to a judge except for his services.
It may be said that this is an indirect way of abolishing the office. Let this for the sake of argument, be granted. It cannot be doubted that the power indirectly to abolish, by taking away by peace means the parts which compose the office, until nothing remains, involves the power of direct abolition, which is no more than doing that, by one legislative act, passed at one point of time, which in the other case, was accomplished by several acts, passed at different times.
Other arguments in favor of the constitutionality of the repealing act were adduced; but this, of itself, is sufficient. In natural science, it has become a standing rule that no more causes shall be assigned than are sufficient to account for particular effects; it would be well if this fundamental rule were applied to moral disquisition. It would probably free it from much of the ambiguity of which it is at present involved; and it would certainly save much time at present unprofitably spent.
It is not a little extraordinary, notwithstanding the use made of the term, that the word "independence" as applicable to the judiciary, is not to be found in the constitution. That wise system, so far from countenancing the independence of any public agents, legislative, executive, or judicial, has provided the most efficient checks to make them all dependent. By declaring that the judge shall hold his office during good behavior, it has made him independent of the executive; but that circumstance, so far from creating a claim to legislative independence, really produces a necessity in several cases for legislative interference.
This consideration presents a great question, not on the constitutionality of the power exercised by congress; but on its expediency. Many of the most important laws passed by congress, require the aid of the judiciary to carry them into effect. We all know that the judges have assumed the power of pronouncing laws unconstitutional; and of refusing to execute them. Such laws may be of vast importance. They may affect the lives and properties of citizens, and may implicate the peace of the nation. Opinion may be divided on them. A great majority of congress, the president, and the people may consider them constitutional; the judges alone may pronounce them unconstitutional. It is as probable, nay more probable that the judges should err on this point, than the legislature elected for the special purpose of passing laws. Their decision, supported by that of another department of the government, and by the people, greatly multiplies the probabilities on their side. Still the judiciary put their veto upon the laws, and thereby jeopardize life and property, and the peace of the country. Are the legislature, in this case, to submit? Are they to give an absolute control over the laws of the judiciary? For it is apparent that the power of impeachment may be futile, as any number over a third of the senators may frustrate a conviction, and as this number may be found among those senators who do not represent quite one ninth of the people of the United States. If this absolute control is not to be given, then the power of abolishing the office is the only effectual remedy. This absolute authority is opposed to the whole theory of our government, and opposes all responsibility to public opinion.
Grant the legislature to be in error. The opinion they express is that of the people most directly expressed, and if incorrect, the people themselves will experience the evils resulting from it. Unless supported by the enlightened and permanent impressions of the people, it will be short lived; it will not be likely to endure for more than two years. But an error of the judges, if paramount, will be of great duration, and will admit of no remedy until the existing judges die and new ones are appointed. Before this shall occur, the liberties of the people may be destroyed.
To bring these remarks to a close, there is one criterion of the constitutionality of the repealing act, which ought, in our go-
vernment, to be conclusive; one, which could not be urged when the law passed. A lively appeal has been made to public opinion; and the people have been called upon to displace those who supported the measure. In every instance, except one, they have re-elected those who supported it; and in numerous instances they have ejected their opponents. In the congress that passed this act, the republicans in the House of Representatives were sixty-eight, and the federalists thirty-eight; and in the Senate the republicans were eighteen, and the federalists fourteen. In the present congress the republicans in the House are ninety-six, and the federalists twenty-five; and in the Senate the republicans are twenty-eight; and in the Senate seven; while the federalists have lost five senators, and have not gained a single representative, notwithstanding the increased representation. More than two thirds of both branches, and three fourths of the states are likewise republican. Public opinion, therefore, the highest and the only competent tribunal, in litigated cases, has decided this question, with a strength, adequacy to effecting if necessary, a correspondent alteration in the constitution, had that been necessary.
CURTIOUS.
FROM THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER. In a late number of the National Intelligencer we took occasion to notice in terms of strong commendation the liberal provision made by the state of Connecticut for the support of schools. We held forth her conduct on this important point, so far as it involved the endowment of schools, as worthy of the imitation of every state in the union; and we availed ourselves of it as a cogent argument in favor of the superiority of republican institutions, remarking that "Connecticut in the STRUCTURE of her government, was the most republican state in the union."
This language, we find has been misunderstood by some, and misapplied by others: among the last description of persons it has been made use of by a writer in the Courant as amounting to an indiscriminate commendation of the manner in which the government of Connecticut has been administered, and a consequent censure of the opponents of such administration. Nothing, however, is more remote from the true meaning of the paragraph, or from the belief of its writer. The ascription of republicanism is exclusively to the structure of the government, and not to the administration of it. The one may be perfect and the other vicious.
"For forms of government (says Pope) let fools contest, 'Whatever is best administered is best.' And does not the incessant censure of the administration of the general government by federalists, in the same breath that they avow an idolatrous devotion to the Constitution, prove that there is no inconsistency between a warm approbation of the structure of a government, and a strong disapprobation of the manner in which it is administered? The truth is, they are absolutely distinct things, and that no inference can be drawn from the approbation of the one from that of the other."
Called upon, as we are, by the Courant unequivocally to express our opinions of the manner in which the government of Connecticut is administered, we shall take the liberty of making some remarks which should not otherwise have been drawn from us. We wish it to be understood that they are on this occasion extorted inasmuch as they are only means of preventing a misuse of our previous remarks.
We consider, as we have before said, Connecticut, in the structure of her government, the most republican state in the union. Why? Because, not only her Governor, Assemblymen, and Councillors are chosen every year; but because all other Executive and Judicial officers, superior or subordinate, are likewise annually appointed by men elected by the people. There are various senses in which the term "republican" is used. It will, however, be apparent to any man that reads our remark, that we used the term in its most popular acceptation, and that when we called the government the most republican, we meant that, according to its structure, it flowed most directly from the people. In this acceptation the accuracy of the declaration will not be impeached.
We did not mean to say that although this government was the "most republican," the Constitution was therefore the best or the most republican. Here again are two distinct terms meaning different things. The government is not the Constitution. Sometimes the terms are used as synonymous. But it is evident that they are not always so, from the fact that all countries have governments, while many have no constitutions. We believe this to be the case with Connecticut; and are therefore rejoiced at the prospect of her soon obtaining one by the efforts of her best patriots.
We did not mean to say, nor did we say, that the liberal allowance made for the support of schools was properly applied. On the contrary we had great reason to believe that it was not. Still this consideration did not, in our mind, derogate from the magnitude of the object. We hope these remarks will be allowed to be unequivocal by the writer in the Courant; and as that print has as we conceive, misrepresented the observations previously inserted in this paper, we trust it will consider itself under an obligation, at our request to insert the above.
To illustrate the remarks we have made, we add the following communicated by a correspondent.
"Whatever may be the external appearance of the government of Connecticut, we have as little republicanism here as in Turkey. The people are amused with frequent elections, but they are so managed as to be of no service to them. The Governor and council actually possess the whole power of the state; they have all the executive, legislative, and judicial powers of the state, and have power to control the elections; they are bound by no constitutional limits but their own arbitrary will."
"I will give you a brief statement of these four branches of power, each one in their order."
"1st. By the charter of King Charles II. to the colony (for we have no constitution) the executive power of the state is lodged with the Governor and Council; it has always been exercised by them."
"2d. The Governor and Council are one branch of the legislature, called the upper house, and the governor has no power but as president of that body. The house of representatives amount to about 195, a majority of which are judges and justices of the peace, dependent on the upper house for their annual appointment to the offices which they hold, or to which they may hope to be promoted; they are uniformly re-appointed to office every year, provided they are faithful to their masters at the elections, and will vote for every bill proposed by the upper house, so that the tenure of their office depends on their being tools and sycophants, for as soon as they refuse to vote in the house of representatives, or at elections, according to orders from the upper house, they are dismissed from office, traduced and abused. In addition to all these judges and justices in the house of representatives, are generals, colonels, majors, captains, and a host of military officers who know full well the way to promotion, and that the least disobedience of orders would blast all their hopes. There are also sheriffs, sheriffs' deputies, clerks of courts, and various other classes of men, making in the whole at least three fourths of the house of representatives, directly or indirectly dependent on the upper house, so that the upper house make and repeal what laws they please, and the other house are of no use but to give a false impression to the people; a majority of the house of representatives are as servile to the upper house as a slave to his master."
"3d. The Governor and Council by an act of the legislature, are made the Supreme Court of Errors, and this court is the dernier resort by way of law or equity. And while they have power to reverse every judgment of the courts below, they can remove every judge and justice without assigning any cause."
"4th. If the power of the upper house will not apply with equal force in controlling the elections of state representatives, yet they have great influence, and besides it has been shown that they could control a majority of the members when elected which answers their purpose equally well. They can and do control their own elections, that of Senators and members of Congress. They have engaged in their service 6 judges of superior courts, 40 judges of county courts, 28 judges of probate, and five hundred and ten justices of the peace, 8 sheriffs, about 40 deputy sheriffs, several hundred military officers between two and three hundred clergymen, with all the proprietors and petitioners of and for banks, turnpike roads, insurance companies, and monied corporations; these chosen men are placed in every town and section of the state, with as much care and reference to their local situation, zeal and ability to secure the election, as a good general would station his guards and sentries around a camp in the night season, expecting the approach of an enemy. What adds greatly to their power and success is, that members of the council and congress are first voted into nomination, say 18 or 20 at a time, not by districts, but by a general ticket: the upper house make out the list, including themselves and friends, send copies to all their faithful servants, and the people have little or no knowledge of the candidates; so that the judges, justices, sheriffs and deputies, clerks of courts, generals, colonels, majors, subalterns, clergy, &c. &c. inform the people when assembled, that the federal candidates are the most pious and enlightened in this or any other state, that their opposers are infidels, enemies to order and good government, enemies to religion, to God and to every thing good, and in this way gain the election. Hence it is that not a member of the upper house (excepting one by accident and he was re-appointed the next year) has failed of a re-election in forty years unless denounced by the upper house, and it is a certain fact that the people of Connecticut were never represented in Congress—hence is the question so often asked by strangers, why has every member of congress from Connecticut uniformly advocated tory principles? The answer is, they were not elected by the freemen of the state, they do not represent them, they neither represent the state or the people, but the upper house in Connecticut."
HALIFAX, (N. S.) Sep. 8.
We have been favored with the perusal of two French official letters, dated Paris, 30th Germinal, (April 20.)—One of them is signed "Deres," and addressed to Jerome Bonaparte, in America.—The writer informs Jerome that, by order of the first Consul, his allowances are stopped and intimates Napoleon's highest displeasure at his having remained so long in America, and having married without his consent. He (Deres) says, that the young woman with whom Jerome has connected himself, will not be permitted to enter the French territories; and should she even arrive at any port in France, she will instantly be reshipped for the American States. He is reminded that the first Consul is not operated upon by the blind affection of a parent; that he will only acknowledge those relations which he has around him, and assist in executing his vast plans. The brothers Joseph, Louis, Lucien, are spoken of with high terms of commendation; but the latter, though eminently useful, and possessed of an independent fortune, yet having contracted a marriage contrary to the will of the First Consul, has been banished to Rome.—"But you" says the writer, "are pointed out as a man without spirit, yielding to the tender passions; not having added a single leaf to the laurels which crown him, his name, and our country." He is repeatedly pressed to return to France in the first frigate that may offer; but is often cautioned against bringing the young woman with him.—"It would beegrating," says Deres, "your personal dignity to introduce into this country a woman who ought to be in humiliation, and who will not be received here." The other letter is from Citizen "Denes," directed to Citizen Pichon; and is to the same effect, the whole of both letters (which are very lengthy) is such as to impress the reader, with an idea of the supreme influence and contempt with which the Usurper looks down on those engaged in the humble walks of life.—They were intercepted on board a vessel bound from Bordeaux to New York; and we have not the smallest doubt of their authenticity."
PHILADELPHIA, Sept. 24.
The following extracts of letters from one of our unfortunate countrymen in Tripoli, are very distressing, and earnestly demand the attention of the government.
Tripholi, May 21.
"Since my last, nothing worthy of recital has occurred, except the death of one of our crew. I fear this will be the purport of all future letters, as the summer is fast approaching, and the heat will naturally have a fatal effect upon your unfortunate countrymen, who are daily yoked to a large wagon, which they are obliged to drag into the country, where it is loaded with heavy timber for their return."
April 7.
"A few days ago, a small craft, under English colors was captured by the Siren, on this station; in consequence of which the Bashaw sent for the British consul to know whether a United States vessel dare take any articles out of a vessel under the protection of his majesty's colors? Mr. McDonough answered in the negative, and gave the Bashaw a written certificate or passport. The vessel was immediately hastened, with a very valuable cargo, belonging to the Bashaw's subjects, and set sail for Malta; but unfortunately for his majesty's consul, she was captured almost under the forts. Capt. Stewart ordered her for Syracuse. The Bashaw sent for Mr. McDonough, and afterward giving him sufficient abuse, ordered him to quit his dominions in 12 hours. The next day he set sail for Malta in a small craft; but was captured off the harbor by the Syren & sent to Syracuse. His excellency is very much enraged at the conduct of the British consul, and is determined not to receive him again, let the consequence be what it may, we are in hopes that this affair will bring Lord Nelson off this station."
Five months have already expired of our captivity, and yet no hopes of our country's redeeming us! However, I trust, they will recollect in whose hands and at whose mercy we are. Adieu."
September 25.
We are happy to hear, that the report of the Yellow-Fever appearing in Baltimore, is untrue.
We are happy in submitting to our readers a copy which we have obtained of the following letter—from the high respectability of the writer the most implicit reliance may be placed on his representation of the state of Baltimore. We trust that the rumours respecting Carlisle, Yorktown, &c. will prove equally groundless.
Baltimore, 22d September, 1804.
Dear Sir.—I had the pleasure of your letter of the 20th this morning, it gives me much satisfaction to be able to give you a decided answer to your question, relative to the existence of certain cases of yellow fever in Baltimore.
I have consulted several of my brethren respectable and extensive in their practice, who agree with me in asserting, that they do not know of a single case of yellow fever in Baltimore or Philadelphia.
Baltimore during the summer has been remarkably healthy—of late several of our citizens have returned from their country excursions, with intermittent, and some cases of remittent fevers, but they do not exhibit appearances of malignity or obstinacy.
I have no objection to your making such use of my name in this communication, as you may think proper.
I have called upon the consular of the mud machine but could not meet with him—by Monday first I shall in all probability be able to reply to that part of your letter. Our late mayor gives me wonderful accounts of the powers of his machine, and the advantages our harbour has reaped from it.
I hope your flattering expressions with regard to myself are well founded. I shall at willingly at all times give you my opinion with candour and truth.
Several of my friends have lately given me very pleasing accounts of the extension of your practice—but,
I am very happy to know that the healthiness of Philadelphia will give you no very laborious or hazardous employment as a member, and an active one of the board of health.
I am, dear Sir, very sincerely, yours,
JOHN CAMPBELL WHITE, James Reynolds, esq. M. D. secretary of the Board of Health, Philadelphia.
BALTIMORE, Sept. 26.
We are informed from good authority that 92 hacks, 93 private carriages, 85 wagons, and 38 carts were counted on the camp-meeting ground on Sunday last. The number of tents erected on the ground is said to have been 63.
COMMUNICATION.
On Thursday a camp-meeting was

commenced, agreeably to notice given in the several papers, on a piece of ground, about 11 miles from this city, which had been previously offered to the committee of arrangement for that purpose, by Gen. Ridgeley. The meeting continued till Sunday last, on which day near 12,000 people were witnesses of a solemn assembly, where the Divine precepts of Jesus Christ were laid open to the conversion of a number of the degenerate sons of men. Joy beamed with radiance in the countenances of those who have been frequent witnesses of Divine grace on such occasions. It was a further and will be a lasting proof of the good effects of such devotion, when properly conducted—and it is much to the credit of those who attended, whether as partakers of the sweets of religious exercise or spectators of the "awful scene of devotion," that the utmost decorum prevailed during the whole period.
How pleasing was the sight to the true and penitent follower of Christ. To see the knees of both the aged and youthful, bowed before the awful throne of an omnipotent God—to see their uplifted hands, imploring the "forgiveness of sins," from a merciful Father, through the divine intercession of his martyred Son, and begging his aid in the dissemination of true gospel light.—It was a scene truly affecting—a scene well calculated to arrest the poisonous doctrines of infidelity. May the searcher of all hearts confirm every soul in the doctrines of true Christianity—and may he lead us all in the path of rectitude, which alone will end in eternal salvation, where endless bliss prevails.
ALEXANDRIA, September 27. We understand Walter Jones is appointed by the president, attorney for this District, in the room of John Thompson Mason, resigned.
The brig Newton has arrived at Philadelphia from Hamburg, with a most valuable cargo, consisting of German saddlers, Shoemakers, Distillers, Butchers, Tanners, Watchmakers, Locksmiths, &c.
Notice. JOHN DUNSMURE begs leave to inform his friends and the public, that the GROCERY BUSINESS hitherto carried on by him, will in future be conducted under the firm of
Dunsmure & Turner. Who have on hand, a general assortment of articles in that line, which they offer for sale on reasonable terms. All those indebted to John Dunsmure, are requested to come forward and settle their accounts. Richmond, 1st October, 1804.
Sales at Auction, Without reserve, for approved endorsed Notes at 3 and 6 months.
The subscribers will begin to sell on Tuesday the 16th October next, a very large and valuable assortment of
DRY GOODS, Among which are, Superfine, fine, and coarse Cloths and Casimere, Chintzes, Calicoes and India Cottons, Men's and Women's silk, thread, cotton and worsted Hose, Marseilles, Dimities and Jeans, Bombazets, Durants and Wilhobes, Men's, Ladies' and Children's Hats, Ladies' extra long & short Silk & Kid Gloves, Bandanas, cotton & silk Hdk's and Shawls, A most complete assortment of CUTLERY, PLATED & HARD-WARE, &c. The sale will be continued from day to day until the whole are sold. THOMAS TAYLOR & Co. v. M. Richmond, September 28, 1804 tds
Taken up by the subscriber in Cumberland county, last May, an estray sorrel MARE , about four feet six inches high, right hind foot white up to the fetlock, with a blaze from her forehead to her right nostril part of her upper lip white, no brand perceivable upon her, about eight years old; posted and appraised to fifty dollars. CHARLES WOODSON. September 24th, 1804 3t
To Rent...A Commodious STORE-HOUSE, With necessary apartments for a country store; nearly opposite Mr Ship's tavern in Caroline.—The stand is considered an advantageous one; possession may be immediately had, and the terms made known by application to MARTHA OLIVER. Caroline, September 26th, 1804 w3t
THE SUBSCRIBER HAS for SALE Holland Gin in pipes; Malt Wine in quarter casks; Cotton and Wool Cards in boxes; Chocolate per box; White Lead, Spanish Brown, and Yellow Ochre, ground in oil; Nutmegs; Patent Shot; Bar and Sheet Lead; Mould Candles; Writing and Wrapping Paper; Country and Swedish Iron; Sheet and Hoop Iron; Sole, Harness & Skirting Leather; Northern Cheese; Liver Oil; Copperas; Allum; Flaxseed; Indigo; Refined Salt; Pease; Ground Ginger; Pepper; 20d, 12d, 10d, and 8d, Nails and Brads; German and Blistered Steel; Cast Boxes; Straws of Tumblers; assortment of Shoes; Hhd and bbl. Gauging Rods; Hamilton's Snuff; Nail Rods & sh. tips. HENRY HOVEY. September 25. 3t
Full bred Horses for sale. THE subscriber being very successful for several years past in breeding horses from the best English turf stock, has now for sale, about twenty of unexceptionable blood; consisting of brood mares, colts and fillies, from four to one year old; among them are three very fine imported mares, and covered by Dragon & Stirling the last season. Warranted pedigrees of them all will be shown; they are very healthy and in fine condition, and well worth the attention of any gentleman, who wishes to get the best blood. If they are not sold at private sale, they will be set up to the highest bidder, at the Bowling-Green , on the second Tuesday in November next; one third of the money will be expected on the day of sale, one other third in six months after, and the remainder in twelve months. Bond and approved security will be expected. The subscriber has also three very fine English Stallions, to be sold at the same time and on the same terms, among them the famous horses Dragon and Archduke . JOHN HOOMES. Bowling-Green, Sept 18th, 1804. tds
THE VIRGINIA ARGUS. RICHMOND: WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 3, 1804. RICHMOND PRICE CURRENT. CORRECTED WEEKLY. Tobacco, 37 3/4 6d Cash Wheat, (new) 8s do. Flour, fine, (new) 45s do. Flour, superfine, (new) 48s do. Corn, 30s do. Hemp, (clean) £ 50 do. Iron, £ 34 do. Bacon, 10d do. Whiskey, 4s do.
From the (Phil.) Freeman's Journal. The subjoined communication to the public from the Editor of the Register, is copied from that paper of last evening. We thought it our duty to reserve from publication, at least for a time, an offer of the papers " GRAVIOIRA MANENT " at the office of the Freeman's Journal before their appearance in any newspaper. As the source from which they came, was proposed to be reserved from us (unless we agree to publish) by the person who presented the first number at this office; as there was a declaration made that we should be PAID, if we would publish; as the offerer seemed to be a foreigner, and as the contents appeared to be very exceptionable, coming from a foreign government, we gave them a reflected rejection. The application was accompanied by a circumstance, which proved the bearer to be in personal and familiar connexion with a Spanish public officer. We considered it as our duty to go further than a mere decided rejection; and hence it was that we placed our facts and observations, in a sure and guarded manner, before the government of the United States, and paid the closest attention to the subsequent workings of the matter here.
We have seen a letter from Cadiz, dated July 50, to a respectable commercial house in this place, which says:— "Flour, which was up to a very high price, has fallen within these ten days from 20 dollars a barrel to 16!" (Norfolk pap.)
Capt. Wilson, of the ship Bellona , arrived on the 25th ult. at New-York, informs that Gen. MOREAU and his lady, were at Barcelona on the 27th July, and applied to him for a passage; but he was under the necessity of declining their offer, the cabin of the vessel not being sufficiently convenient for their accommodation.—On the 10th of August, whilst at Gibraltar, capt. Wilson was informed that these illustrious characters had reached Cadiz, from whence they would embark for the United States.
The following is the convention which the court of Madrid has recently refused to ratify.
A CONVENTION Between his Catholic Majesty and the United States of America, for the indemnification of those who have sustained losses, damages, or injuries, in consequence of the excesses of individuals of either nation, during the late war, contrary to the existing treaty of the laws of nations. His Catholic Majesty and the government of the United States, wishing amicably to adjust the claims which have arisen from the excesses committed during the late war, by individuals of either nation contrary to the laws of nations or the treaty existing between the two countries—his Catholic Majesty has given, for this purpose, full powers to his excellency Don Pedro Cevallos, counsellor of state, gentleman of the bed chamber in employment, first secretary of State, and universal dispatch, and superintendant general of the post and post offices in Spain and the Indies; and the government of the United States of America, to Charles Pinckney, a citizen of the said States, and their minister plenipotentiary near his Catholic Majesty, who have agreed as follows:
First —A board of commissioners shall be formed, composed of five commissioners, two of whom shall be appointed by his Catholic Majesty, two others by the government of the United States, and the fifth by common consent; and in case they should not be able to agree on a person for the fifth commissioner, each party shall name one, and leave the decision to lot; and hereafter in case of the death, sickness, or necessary absence of any of those already appointed, they shall proceed in the same manner, to the appointment of persons to replace them.
Second —The appointment of the commissioners being thus made, each one of them shall take an oath to examine, discuss, and decide on the claims which they are to judge, according to the laws of nations and the existing treaty, and with the impartiality justice may dictate.
Third —The commissioners shall meet and hold their sessions in Madrid, where, within the term of eighteen months (to be reckoned from the day on which they may assemble) they shall receive all claims which, in consequence of this convention, may be made, as well by the subjects of his Catholic Majesty as by the citizens of the United States of America, who may have a right to demand compensation for the losses, damages, or injuries sustained by them in consequence of the excesses committed by Spanish subjects or American citizens.
Fourth —The commissioners are authorised by the said contracting parties, to hear and examine on oath, every question relative to the said demands, and to receive
as worthy of credence as an authority of which cannot reasonably be doubted.
Fifth —From the decisions of the commissioners, there shall be no appeal, and the agreement of three of them shall give full force and effect to their decisions, as well with respect to the justice of the claims, as to the amount of the indemnifications, which may be adjudged to the claimants; the said contracting parties obliging themselves to satisfy the said awards in specie, without deduction, at the times and places pointed out, and under the conditions which may be expressed by the board of commissioners.
Sixth —It not having been possible for the said plenipotentiaries to agree upon a mode by which the above mentioned board of commissioners should arbitrate the claims originating from the excesses of foreign cruisers, agents, consuls or tribunals, in their respective territories, which might be imputable to their two governments, they have expressly agreed that each government shall receive as it does by this convention) to itself, its subjects or citizens, respectively, all the rights which they now have, and under which they may hereafter bring forward their claims, at such times as may be most convenient to them.
Seventh —The present convention shall have no force or effect until it be ratified by the contracting parties, and the ratifications shall be exchanged as soon as possible. In faith whereof, we, the underwritten plenipotentiaries, have signed this convention, and have affixed thereto our respective seals.
Done at Madrid, this eleventh day of August, one thousand eight hundred and two. PEDRO CEVALLOS, (Seal) CHARLES PINCKNEY, (Seal)
GUN-BOATS. We are assured, from good authority that 12 new gun boats are ordered to be built for the service of the United States, upon the model of those in Messina which are supposed to be the best now in use. And had the appropriations been larger, it is probable the number would have been increased. These boats possess superior advantages to frigates or larger vessels.
1st. A gun boat that will carry cannon as heavy as a two and thirty pounder, with several smaller pieces, will cost over 3 or 4,000 dollars.
2d. As they are calculated to draw only 4 or 5 feet of water, and sail remarkably fast, they can easily pursue their enemy into shallows and in rivers, and will serve to protect harbors which may be attacked by a fleet of ships.
3d. Fifty gun boats are a better defence than five or six frigates for particular stations, and they can be maintained at one third or a quarter of the expense.
They may be so constructed as to keep the open sea, and even go upon a cruise into the West Indies, if necessary. Indeed it has been supposed we might build them in this country and send them across the Atlantic, to the attack of Tripoli, in Barbary, without any risk of losing them on the passage, provided the voyage was undertaken in the summer season. Id seamen say that a vessel from 60 to 70 tons burthen, (our fishing vessels are of that tonnage) is as safe a sea boat as a man of war, and there is no doubt of the fact. These gun boats will measure 80 or 70 tons, have decks, and are in every respect complete vessels. Why then are they not capable of keeping the sea in the worst weather? A frigate, when fitted for sea, will cost $150,000 at least. This money will build 40 or 50 large gun boats. They may be stationed at our capital sea ports; 3 or 400 would guard the American coast from Georgia to Maine.
(Salem Register.) To prove all the calculations upon the decrease of the national debt false, the curious trick is passed, to put Louisiana upon the debt list without any credit. It is not something to pay, for something spent, but something that will pay, for itself, however disposed of, whenever, and with a great advance. It is as good as security for all the debts which a prudent administration would contract in a century. Let a plain man ask himself whether it be so or not? Ask Prussia, or Russia, or Austria how much their share of Poland is worth? And see whether intrigue, speculations, armies and considerations did not cost them more than we are to give for the best country in the world. (ib.)
CONNECTICUT TOLERATION. By the statutes of Connecticut, under the "act for punishing felonies," "any person having been educated in the christian religion" and being converted to Judaism , and thereby denying the authority of the New Testament, is liable, for the first offence, to be rendered "incapable of holding any office or employment, ecclesiastical, civil or military," and for the second conviction "disabled to sue, prosecute, plead or maintain any action or information in law or equity, or be guardian of any child, executor of any will, or administrator of any estate."
This being the case, it is not to be wondered that there is no synagogue in that state, and but a very few individuals of the Jewish persuasion, and those debarred from the free exercise of their religion, the same act inflicting punishments on the denial of "any one of the persons of the Holy Trinity to be God," a clause which would directly stigmatize and outlaw as a felon , all such men as Dr. Priestley, and others of the Unitarian belief.
From this and other cases that might be cited, it would appear that a constitution would be a good thing in Connecticut, especially as the state is governed under the old charter of Charles II. which authorises the passing of no law, but such as are "not contrary to the laws of the realm of England." Bee.
COMMUNICATION. We understand that Mr. William West has resigned the office of Cashier of the Mutual Assurance Society against Fire on buildings of the State of Virginia, and that Mr. WILLIAM PRICE has succeeded him.
COMMUNICATION.
LITERARY INFORMATION. "Turner's Arts." A new and improved edition of "Turner's easy introduction to the Arts and Sciences," will be published by William Duane, early in October.
The merits of this work, it is presumed, have been for some time known to the instructors of American youth—as a large edition printed in Dublin, has been rapidly sold and extensively circulated throughout the union.
Patronage is solicited for the first American edition . The publisher has spared no pains or expense to add improvements, and to render the work peculiarly adapted to the situation and circumstances of, and mode of instruction practised throughout the United States.
Printers of newspapers will oblige by inserting this article. (Phil. pap.)
A fever has, we understand, (says the Philadelphia Freeman's Journal ), lately made its appearance at York town in this state, which has been alarmingly fatal. Fourteen deaths occurred in that borough on Tuesday the 11th inst. This is comparatively greater than the mortality in this city in the fever of '93 and '98.
The German Prince Esterhazy has the largest flocks of sheep possessed by any one person in any part of the world. His highness attended the Woburn sheep-shearing in 1804, when he asked the duke of Bedford "of what number his flock consisted?" His grace replied, "600." "What number of shepherds?" The answer was "one." "Probably," says the duke, "your highness may have a flock on your estate?" "Yes," replied the illustrious foreigner, "I have in Saxony; it consists of 150,000 sheep, and for the due management of which I keep 800 shepherds!"
Agriculture and manufactures appear to be rising in the estimation of the people of the United States, and with great reason, they form the surest basis of independence, and eventually prove the source of the greatest profits. Commerce is little better than mere speculation, and very seldom realizes to the adventurer his high raised expectations."
DEATH—on the 25th ult. Mrs. McCRAW, wife of Samuel M. Craw, Esq. of this city.
The Lectures in William & Mary College , will commence, as usual, on the Third Monday in October Sept 1804.
Those gentlemen who have been kind enough to receive subscriptions for "THE VIRGINIA MAGAZINE, or MONTHLY MISCELLANY," are requested to return lists of such names as they have been able to obtain, so soon as convenient, as the first number will certainly make its appearance on the first day of December next. There will be at least one elegant Copper-plate Engraving attached to each number. J. DIXON. Richmond, October 1st. 1804. 3t
"Highly Important."
THE Republican printers throughout this state are requested to state in their papers, that the Election for the Electors of a President and Vice-President of the United States, will be held on the First Monday of November next, at the Court-house of each County and Corporation in this Commonwealth; and that the persons chosen as Electors are to meet at the Capitol in the City of Richmond, on the First Wednesday in December next, to vote for a President and Vice-President. 13th September, 1804. 4w
Seventy Negroes
FOR SALE—Enquire of the Printer. October 1, 1804. if
FOR SALE. At Louisa Courthouse, on the first Wednesday in December next, one hundred and eighty-two
Valuable Slaves, Consisting of men, women, boys and girls, belonging to the estate of Christopher Smith, deceased, among them is a valuable TANNER, regularly bred to the business. The subscriber has refused to sell any of them privately and they will certainly be offered at public sale at the time above mentioned. A credit till the 10th of February 1806, will be given, on the purchase giving bonds with approved security, to carry interest from the date; but if the principal is punctually paid, the interest will be remitted. CHARLES SMITH, Acting Executor of Christopher Smith, dec. October 1, 1804. tds
Notice.
THE Copartnership of CLAIRBOURNE BARKSDALE & SON, was by mutual consent, on the first day of October last dissolved. All those who have claims against said concern, as well as those who are owing them, will apply to Grief and Claibourne Barkedale, Jr. either to receive or pay, as the case may be, by whom the business will in future be carried on. Claibourne Barkedale, Grief Barkedale. 15th September, 1804. 6w
A few Maps of Louisiana, Mounted and Vanished, for sale at this office.
ODE TO THE GLOW WORM. BY J. PORTER. OFT have I mark'd with curious view, The green-eyed radiance of thy hue, Amid the shade of night: And musing oft on Nature's laws, Have try'd to find the end and cause Of thy mysterious light.
When eifa Fancy would suggest, That Fairies rising from their rest, On airy wings upborne, Around thy lamp would circling meet And join the dance with trackless feet Till banish'd by the morn.
Avant! ye fictions of the brain; None of th' Almighty's works are vain, But all bespeak design: 'Tis Hymen's torch which Nature lights, And thus her airy mate invites, Observant of the sign.
Is this the work of lawless Chance, That bids his thousand atoms dance, In drunken roundelay? Confound Sceptic! learn to praise That God, the wisdom of whose ways His meanest works display.
With humble pinions, Chymist! soar; And learn that science to adore, That could this reptile form: Proud Atheist! turn thy jaundic'd eye From yonder gem bespangl'd sky, And study this poor worm!
* Dr. Paley says that the male of the Glow Worm is a fly, and inhabits the air.
ANECDOTES.
A YOUNG man more noted for vanity than for talents, was boasting that his advantages had been superior to other literary men, as he had received his education at two universities, Cambridge and Newhaven; when a shrewd old gentleman in the company remarked that it reminded him of a calf he had seen, which sucked two cows. "And what was the consequence," said the conceited young man. "The consequence was," replied the old gentleman, that he grew a very great calf."
A certain vicar of a facetious turn, walking late one evening, meets his curate gaily elevated with the juice of the grape; "Oh, oh, Mr Twangum, says the vicar, from whence come you?" "Why I don't know, doctor, says he, I have been swimming it out with my neighbor Freepoot." "Ay, quoth the doctor, and now, after your swimming it out, I perceive you are finishing the work by reeling it home."
THE SUBSCRIBER HAS Opened a Broker's Office, In one of the apartments above Mr. Darr's Store. All business confided to him will be attended with strict fidelity. THOM. NORVELL. Richmond, October 1, 1804. f.
Notice,
FOREWARNING all persons of trading or making an assignment of a Bond, given by me to John M. Curry's administrators (as I have) set off against the same, and will not pay the said bond without being compelled by law. FRANCIS HARR. Prince Edward Oct 1st 1804 3t
FOR SALE at S. LEONARD'S Book store, THE American Clerk's Magazine, AND
Young Conveyancer's Pocket Companion: Containing all the necessary forms of articles of agreement, bonds, bills, receipts, leases and releases, letters of attorney, awards, bills of sale, gifts, grants, assignments, mortgages, surrenders, jointures, covenants, coparcenerships, letters of license, &c. &c. with necessary directions for making dis-tresses for rent, &c. as the law between landlord and tenant now stands. The whole made conformable to the laws of the United States, and adapted more particularly to the state of Virginia—By a gentleman of the Bar. —Price One Dollar.
The New Introduction to Reading: Or a collection of Easy Lessons arranged on an approved plan; calculated to acquire, with ease, a fluency of speech, and to facilitate the improvement of youth—Designed as an Introduction to the Speaker, English Reader, Columbian Orator, &c.
Compendium of Ash & Grammatical Institutes; Or, an easy introduction to Lowth's English Grammar; with considerable alterations, and a concise Syntax—Adapted to the use of schools—Alexandria edition. Oct. 1.
Committed to the jail of
Goochland county about the 21st of August last, a Negro Man Slave about forty years old, of a yellow complexion, by the name of TOB , who says he is the property of Zechariah Portaine of Amherst county. The owner is desired to pay charges and take him away. JOHN SMITH, deputy for Joseph Payne sheriff and jailor. 603t*
Doctor H. WILSON, Has for sale, at his shop, opposite the Bell Tavern, a small quantity of
RED BARK,
Of a quality greatly superior to such as is generally found in Richmond—Also, Jaip , Calomel , Rhubarb , Senna , Manna , Glauber Salts , Castor Oil , Tartar Emetic , Ipecacuanha , Opium , &c. &c. He designs to keep a constant & general supply of Medicines of the best quality that can be procured.
Persons of needy circumstances by paying the common price of his medicines, will be prescribed for gratis Richmond, 1st Oct 1804
FOR BARTER.
A FARM containing about 400 acres, within ten or eleven miles of Richmond, is offered in exchange for DRY GOODS or GROCERIES. Enquire of the printer. Richmond, October 1st, 1804. if
Tickets in the William & Mary College Lottery are for sale at this office.
Purchasers to the number of ten tickets may be accommodated with a credit of sixty days from the commencement of drawing.

THE son of an old farmer, by some chance or other, had travelled through several remote countries, and as it is not uncommon in such cases, returned home much richer in lies than in knowledge. A few days after his arrival, he accompanied his father (a sensible, shrewd old fellow) to a market at some distance from the village. It happened that a mastiff dog passed that way, which as soon as the young man beheld, "Bless me father," cried he, "this dog puts me in mind of one I saw in my travels, at least as large as the largest of our cart horses." "What you tell me," replies the father, gravely, "astonishes me; but don't imagine that in this country we are wholly without prodigies; by and by we shall come to a bridge, which we shall be obliged to pass, and which is much more extraordinary than the dog of which you have been talking. They say it is the work of some witch. All I know of it is this, that there lies a stone in the middle of it, against which one is sure to stumble as one passes on, and break at least a leg if it so happen that one has lied in the course of the day." The youth was a little startled at this strange account. "At what a rate you are walking, father! but to return to this dog—how large did I say? As your largest horse? Nay, for that matter, I believe it might be saying a little too much; for I recollect it was but six months old, but I would be upon oath that it was as big as a heifer."—Here the story rested till they were a mile or two advanced on their way. The young man was very far from being comfortable. The fatal bridge appears at a distance—Hear me, my dear father; indeed the dog of which I have been speaking, was very large, but perhaps not quite so large as a heifer; I am sure, however, it was larger than a calf." "At length they arrived at the foot of the bridge. The father passes on without a word. The son stops short—"Ah, father," says he, "you cannot be such a simpleton as to believe I have seen a dog such a size, for since I needs must speak the truth, the dog I met in my travels was about as big as the dog we saw."
Notice. The office of supervisor of the revenue, for the district of Virginia, being discontinued, and the unexpired balance in the said office transferred to me—the collectors of the direct tax & internal revenue, whose accounts have not been finally adjusted and paid, are hereby informed, that they are now requested to call at my office, in the city of Richmond, without delay and pay the balances due to the United States.—And that whole lands have been sold in the district of Virginia by authority of an act of Congress of the United States for non-payment of the Direct Tax, may redeem such lands, by paying to me within the time limited, the principal, costs and fees as the law directs. As most of the above-mentioned lands were sold in Dec 1802, the privilege of redemption will continue until December next. The money received by me for the redemption of the said lands will be returned to the purchaser, with interest at the rate of 25 per cent. per annum on the purchase money, to the day on which it may be paid to me. JOSEPH SCOTT, M. V. D. June 27th 1804.
To be let, on building Leases, three beautiful, airy and elevated situations for dwelling houses. To any gentleman in the mercantile line, or other occupation, who wishes a pleasant and agreeable residence for his family, either of these sites would be truly desirable, as they are contiguous to the scene of active business, at the same time that they are removed from the dust and bustle of the town. Enquire at this printing office. An experienced, sober and industrious GARDENER will hear of an advantageous situation on application as above. None of opposite character need apply. tf April 23, 1804.
4439 Acres of valuable LAND, In the south of Kentucky, the greater part military, will be SOLD for good bonds, or exchanged for property in the state of Virginia.—Enquire of the printer. Dec. 26th. 1803.
Plaster of Paris. I have just received from Nova Scotia, a cargo of PLASTER OF PARIS, said to be of the best kind, which I will sell on reasonable terms. SAMUEL PAINE. May 14, 1804.
MADEIRA WINE, Of a superior quality, which we offer for sale by the hogshead and quarter cask. GIBSON & JEFFERSON. Richmond, 13th July, 1804. (tf) colchester, July 20th, 1804.
Anecdote of General Wayne. BON REPOS is the French cant for good night. Washington drank it for a signal to break up; for the moment the company had swallowed the General's bon repos, it was take hats, and retire. Gen. Wayne, who fortunately for America, understood fighting much better than French, had some now of other, taken up a notion that this same bon repos, to whom Washington always gave his last bumper, must have been some great warrior of times of old. Having by some extraordinary luck gotten into his possession two or three dozen of good old wine, he invited a number of hearty fellow officers to dine with him, and help him to break them to the health of America. As soon as the cloth was removed and the bottles on the table, the hero of Stony-Point cried out, "Come my brave Comrades, fill your glasses—here's old bon repos forever!" The officers were struck with astonishment; and having turned off their glasses, rose up one and all to go. "Heyday! what's all this gentlemen, what's all this?"—"Why, did you not drink bon repos or good night?"—"What is that the meaning of it?"—"Yes"—"Well, then, a fig for bon repos, and take your seats again; for the life of Washington, you shall not stir a peg, till we have started every drop of our drink!"
ADVERTISEMENT. For SALE to the highest bidder, on Thursday the 11th of October next, A valuable tract of Land, Belonging to the subscriber, containing by late survey 435 acres, lying on the main road leading from Louisa courthouse to Hanover town, joining major Joseph Eggleston. This land lies well and is very productive of corn, wheat and tobacco: it is supposed there will be made on it the present year between eighteen and twenty thousand weight of tobacco; about one hundred and fifty or seventy acres cleared, the greater part of which is fresh, 15 or 20 acres of good meadow land, and houses for the accommodation of a small family. It is not thought necessary to mention further particulars as it is supposed the purchasers will view the premises before the day of sale. The land will be shown by application thereon, and terms made known on the day of sale. Being the intention of the subscriber to sell it on such terms as may suit the purchasers; as much cash however as is convenient will be preferred. W. MERIWETHER. Sept. 10, 1804. (tds)
Robert Gordon & Co. Have received by the Juliana from Madeira, 2nd and offer for sale, 50 Pipes SELECTED OLD WINE, Which they assure their friends proves to be excellent. They have also a few pipes, hogsheads and quarter casks DRY LISBON and PORT WINE, imported by themselves, direct from Lisbon and Oporto. They have received by the Charles and Edward from London, Part of their Fall Goods, And daily expect from Liverpool and Glasgow, an extensive assortment of nearly every article usually imported. 20th Sept. 1804. en7w8en3w
Notice. ALL persons indebted to the estate of John Dawson, dec. of Amherst county, by bond, note or otherwise, are requested to come forward immediately and discharge the same.—And those having claims against the estate, are also requested to bring them forward legally authenticated, that they may be discharged. JOHN S. DAWSON, Administrator of JOHN DAWSON, dec. August 10, 1804. 3m
THE TENEMENT, Near Mr. Wythe's, on Shockoe Hill, lately occupied by Mr. L. BURTON.—For further particulars apply to WILLIAM M'KIM. Richmond, Sept. 8th, 1804. tf
Notice to Distillers. WANTED a MAN who understands the Distilling Business in all its various branches—for such a one great wages will be given. For further particulars apply to the Editor of this paper. N. B. A Single man will be preferred. tf
FOR SALE, A very likely Negro Man, Who is an excellent Sawyer. Apply to THOMAS TAYLOR & CO. v. M. Sept. 3d, 1804. tf
Notice. THE LOCKS near this place will be shut on Monday the 20th instant, and continue impassable until a set of new Gates can be put up, and the Locks repaired, which will require from two to three weeks.—Due notice will be given of the time they will probably open, after the work commences. ROBERT POLLARD. Richmond, September 6, 1804.
Mediterranean Passports. NOTICE is hereby given, that it has been deemed expedient to change the form of the Mediterranean Passport issued to vessels of the United States: that from the eighth day of July next, those of the new form will be issued at the custom houses to every vessel, for which application may be made on a compliance with the terms prescribed by law and surrendering the former passports of which she may be possessed, if any, in which latter case no fees will be required for the exchange; and that by an arrangement agreed upon by the Barbary powers, with whom we are at peace either the old or the new form of passport will be sufficient to protect the vessels of the United States, from capture until the 1st of July 1805, after which the old form of passport will be unavailable and the new one alone in use. Department of State. 23d of May, 1804.
The printers of the laws of the United States are requested to insert the above in their Gazettes twice a week for the space of six months, and the Collectors of the Customs to keep copies of it printed up in their offices. June 1 6m
Family Flour. A CONSTANT supply of FLOUR, of a superior quality, for family use, kept for SALE, by GEORGE WATT. Richmond, 5th March, 1804. tf
Robert Greenhow, MERCHANT IN WILLIAMSBURG, Has just received, by the Commerce, Capt. Bowers, direct from London, A SUPPLY OF Useful & fashionable Goods By the Bruns, Capt. Buce, who is daily expected from Liverpool, his Woollens, Ironmongery, &c. will be received. All of which, being purchased with cash, from the manufacturers themselves, will be found good in their respective kinds; and as such offered on as low terms as they can be afforded, to his friends and countrymen, whose orders will always meet with his wonted attention. August 25th. 1804. 3m
TO HIRE, For the remainder of the year, an excellent House Servant. Enquire at this office. August 21st, 1804.
The subscribers respectfully inform their friends and the public that they have farmed the noted and much admired English horse, KNOWSLEY, (The property of William Lighthill, esq. of Charles City,) to stand the next season, at William Woodde's, in Albemarle, ten miles above Charlottesville. The terms of covering will be made known in due time. KNOWSLEY will be at his stand by the 15th of the present month. WILLIAM WOODS. JAMES KINSOLVING. September 3d, 1804.
I AM INCLINED TO SELL, The TRACT of LAND I live on, lying in Hanover county, 14 miles from Richmond, and about 5 from Hanover Town and Newcastle. By survey the tract contains two hundred and twenty-seven acres. The buildings are comfortable and in good repair; with a good barn, stable, &c.; a large and extensive garden of two acres of ground, well inclosed, with sawed palings, on a declivity of twenty feet perpendicular, laying well to the sun. There is not a more healthy spot between the mountains and the sea. This place is particularly recommended as a retreat in the sickly season, either from the lower country or towns of the state. The sale will take place publicly at Hanover Courthouse, on the fourth Wednesday in October next, being the first day of the court of the country. In case the land is sold, I would then sell the CROPS, STOCK, &c. and perhaps some NEGROES. SAM'L. RICHARDSON, Jr. 3d September, 1804. tds
WANTED TO HIRE OR PURCHASE, A WET NURSE Without a child of her own.—Enquire of the Printer.
Surry Jockey Club. WILL be run for, over the course at Surry Courthouse, on Thursday the first day of November next, THE SURRY JOCKEY CLUB PURSE of THREE HUNDRED AND FIFTY DOLLARS, three mile heats.—And on Friday, the PURSE of the Proprietor of the Course, of ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTY DOLLARS, two mile heats. All persons wishing to start horses, &c. for the latter purse, will be required to pay an entrance of twenty dollars, except members of the Club, and from them an entrance of eight dollars will be expected.—The weights of the course are as follows: Aged Horses 130. 6 Years Old 120. 5 Years Old 110. 4 Years Old 100. 3 Years Old 86. CHARLES H. GRAVES, Secretary. A meeting of the Club will be held at Mr David Price's Tavern, on the evening preceding the first day's race. Surry Courthouse, 1st Sept. 1804. tn.
The day following the above races (Saturday) will be run for over the same course, a SWEEP STAKES for three and four year old Colts, entrance fifty dollars, half forfeit, two mile heats, carrying the weights of the course. The subscription for which will be kept open until the Friday before. Stable and litter furnished race horses as usual, gratis. DAVID PRICE, proprietor of the course. Surry courthouse, 1st Sept. 1804.
THE delinquent Shareholders in the MANCHESTER TURNPIKE COMPANY are hereby notified, that all shares upon which a requisition shall be due on the third Friday in October next, will on that day be sold as the law directs, at Zech's Tavern, in the town of Manchester, between the hours of 10 and 4 o'clock. It is requested that those who may have purchased shares from the original subscribers, where transfers have not been made, do notify the Treasurer of the number of shares so held, and the persons from whom they may have purchased the same, on or before the 3d Friday in October, otherwise they will be sold on that day, in the name, and for the benefit of the original subscribers. JAMES BRANDER, Clerk & Treasurer. 10th Sept. 1804. 13dfo
A Black Woman, Between forty and fifty years of age, wanting to attend to making beds and cleaning rooms. One who can come well recommended for industry, sobriety and honesty, shall receive very high wages. For terms apply to the printer hereof. 24th September, 1804.
A NEAT ASSORTMENT OF Morocco Pocket Books Is just received and for sale at this Office.
Taliaferro & Dickenson, Offer for Sale on very low terms, Antigua Rum by the Hhd; Teneriffe Wine by the Pipe; Sherry by the qr. Cask; Loaf and Brown Sugar by the Hhd or Barrel; best green Coffee by the Bag; Imperial, Young Hyson and Hyson Tea by the Chest; Molasses by the Hhd; Earthen and Glass Ware by the Crate; Liverpool Salt by the Sack; Cotton Cards by the Box; Pepper, Ginger and Pimento by the Bag; Wrapping Paper by the Ream; Mustard by the Doz; India Muslins by the Piece or Bale. Also, ten Tons Bar-Iron. Richmond, 14th September, 1804. tf
On the 22d day of September next, will be SOLD, at Dismal Swamp, to the highest bidder, for ready money, A TRACT OF LAND, Containing about 425 acres, lying partly in New-Kent and partly in James City county, on each side of Dismal creek, and extending below the bridge, whereon Lewis A. Pauly, esq. formerly resided.—The dwelling house thereon is a large, new and commodious one; the store house, granary and various other houses are all in good order. The quality of the soil is such as is usually found on Chickahominy, and both a tavern and store, it is believed, may be kept there to advantage. This valuable property is to be sold at the request of John L. Dormoy, esq. under a deed of trust made to the undersigned, by Lewis A. Pauly, esq. to secure the payment of £ 500 with interest to the said Dormoy—the deed is recorded in the General Court. In the same deed a moiety of a Lot in Richmond is mentioned belonging to Mrs. Pauly, but as she did not execute the deed, that will not be offered for sale, and should she survive her husband, she will be entitled to a dower in the said tract of land, whereof it was deemed necessary to apprise those who might be inclined to purchase. The sale will take place at one o'clock, or thereabout. CHAMPION TRAVIS. JAMES SEMPLE. Williamsburg, Aug. 6, 1804.
The sale of the above property is POSTPONED till the 7th November next, when it will take place at Dismal Swamp. J. Sempile, C. Travis. September 25, 1804.
AT a board of Directors of the Bank of Virginia, on Thursday the 13th of September, 1804. Resolved, that the operations of the Bank commence on Monday, the 8th of October. Resolved, that any person producing and depositing at the Bank, scrip or commissioners' receipts for any number of shares regularly entitled, or assigned, shall be entitled to receive one, in his, her or their own name or names in a form similar to that used by the commissioners at Richmond, stating therein, the whole number of shares to which he, she or they may be entitled, and the sum paid thereon. JOHN BROCKENBROUGH, Cashier. (8h O)
100 Dollars Reward. WHEREAS a most cruel and atrocious Murder has been committed on the body of a White Female Infant, on or about the evening of the 10th, or on the morning of the 11th inst. apparently just born, which child was found near the well on the lot of the late James Kind, on the morning of the 11th. The above reward of One Hundred Dollars will be paid by the Coroner, by the direction of the magistrates of the city of Richmond, to such person or persons as will give information so that the offender may be brought to punishment; and all officers and citizens of this corporation, are hereby earnestly requested to make search and use all lawful means in their power to discover the said offender or offenders. Given under our hands, this 14th day of September, 1804. George Fisher, Henry S. Shore, Alexander Quarrier. Anderson Jarrett. 4ws
TO BE SOLD, To the highest bidder, on the premises, on Monday the 8th of October next, MY LOT, IN the town of Columbia; on which is a two story dwelling house at present occupied by Doctor Nutt; a store house occupied by David Johnson & Co. with stable and gardens; the whole in good repair and pleasantly situated. One third of the purchase money will be required on making a deed to the premises; the other two thirds at two equal annual payments. Bond with approved security will be required of the purchaser with a deed of trust on the property to insure punctual payment. Possession may be had on the day of sale. Thomas Mitchell. [Se.] Louisa, Sept 10th, 1804. P. S. Any person wishing to treat for the above property before the day of sale may know the terms by applying to Mitchell & Gairdner of Richmond or the subscriber in Louisa county. T. M.
LAND FOR SALE. WILL be sold to the highest bidder, on the premises, on a credit of twelve months, on Friday the 12th October next if fair, if not, the next fair day, he TRACT OF LAND, Whereon the late Mrs. ELIZABETH WILKINSON resided, containing (by estimation) 339 acres, lying in the upper end of New Kent county, about twenty miles from Richmond, on the stage road leading from thence to Williamsburg. The improvements are a good Dwelling house with four rooms below and two above stairs; a good kitchen, meat-house and other convenient out houses, also a handsome young Peach and Apple Orchard. A further description is deemed unnecessary, as it is supposed those who wish to purchase will view the premises previous to the sale. Bonds with approved security will be required to carry interest from the day of sale. The liberty of sowing small grain this fall will be allowed the purchaser. Possession to be given the first day of January next, by EDMUND P. WILKINSON. September 17th, 1804. tds
Notice is hereby given, That on the 17th day of November next, will be sold, to the highest bidder, for ready money, on the premises, One certain tract of Land, Lying in the upper end of Goochland county, on the branches of the Bird creek, adjoining the lands of Samuel Gist, David Ross, Daniel Slayton and others. This land is good for grain, and great part will bring tobacco. It will be sold by a power of attorney, the land being under a mortgage to me from Thomas Dickerson of Henry county. Whoever supposes they have claim on the above land, must come forward and make it known on the day of sale. THOMAS HENDERSON.
One certain tract of Land, Lying in the upper end of Goochland county, on the branches of the Bird creek, adjoining the lands of Samuel Gist, David Ross, Daniel Slayton and others. This land is good for grain, and great part will bring tobacco. It will be sold by a power of attorney, the land being under a mortgage to me from Thomas Dickerson of Henry county. Whoever supposes they have claim on the above land, must come forward and make it known on the day of sale. THOMAS HENDERSON.
In Hanover County Court, July 30th, 1803. John Clopton, administrator of William Clopton, deceased, pit against James Blackwell, William Macon and John Swann, defts. In Chancery. THE defendant James Blackwell, not having entered his appearance and given security according to the act of assembly and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that he is not an inhabitant of this country: On the motion of the plaintiff by his counsel, It is ordered, that the said defendant, James Blackwell, do appear here on the fourth Wednesday in October next, and answer the bill of the plaintiff; and that a copy of this order be forthwith published in some public newspaper of the city of Richmond for two months successively; and that another copy be posted at the front door of the courthouse of this county. A copy—Teste. THO: POLLARD, D. C. H. C.
VIRGINIA: At a Court held for Halifax county, the 31st day of May, 1804. Mary Walden, executrix of Samuel Walden, deceased, plaintiff against Samuel Clay, executor of Richard Jones, deceased, who was executor of Thomas E. Clarke, deceased, John Bland and Jesse Ford, defendants. In Chancery. THE defendant Samuel Clay, not having entered his appearance and given security agreeable to the act of assembly and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that he is not an inhabitant of this state: On the motion of the plaintiff by her counsel, It is ordered, that the said defendant do appear here on the fourth Monday in November next, and answer the plaintiff's bill; and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in some newspaper of the city of Richmond for two months successively, and posted at the front door of the courthouse of this county. A copy—Teste. JOHN BARNSDALE, D. C. H. C.
Orange County Court, August 28th, 1804. Peter Lotz, complt against George Dundore, Andrew Griner and James Lannum, defts. In Chancery. THE defendant George Dundore not having entered his appearance and given security according to the act of assembly and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that he is not an inhabitant of this state: On the motion of the complainant, It is ordered, that the said defendant George Dundore, appear here on the fourth Monday in December next, and answer the bill of the complainant; and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in some newspaper published in the city of Richmond for two months successively, and posted at the front door of the courthouse of this county. A copy—Teste. REYNOLDS CHAPMAN, CLK.
Orange County Court, August 28th, 1804. Peter Lotz, complt against George Dundore, and Margaret Miller, Caty Miller, and John Miller, heirs of Henry Miller, dec. defts. In Chancery. THE defendants not having entered their appearance and given security according to the act of assembly and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that they are not inhabitants of this state: On the motion of the complainant, It is ordered, that they, the said defendants, appear here on the fourth Monday in December next, and answer the bill of the complainant; and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in some newspaper published in the city of Richmond, for two months successively, and posted at the front door of the courthouse of this county. A copy—Teste. REYNOLDS CHAPMAN, CLK.
Valuable Land for Sale. The subscriber wishes to sell the TRACT OF LAND, whereon he now resides, in Chesterfield county, situate ten miles from Richmond, within two of James river, and about fourteen from Petersburg. This tract, independent of the many advantages arising from its local situation, has particular claims to the attention of any gentleman who may wish to obtain an agreeable seat contiguous to either of the above named towns. It contains about one thousand acres; four hundred of which are supposed to be cleared and have been in for some years in cultivation. The soil, in point of fertility, is equal, if not superior to that of most of the land in the neighbourhood. The buildings are a large and well planned two story dwelling house with wings, an excellent kitchen and every other necessary out house sufficient for the accommodation of a large family. The terms of sale will be one fourth of the purchase money in hand, and the balance in three annual instalments. Bond and security, together with a deed of trust on the property, to ensure punctual payments, will be required. ARCHIBALD BOLLING. Chatsut Grove, Aug. 1st, 1804. w/o
Doctor Wilson, HAS taken (as a temporary residence) the house lately occupied by Doct. Adams, opposite the Bell Tavern, and intends to combine the Apothecaries business with the practice of Physic. He is now opening a part, and expects by the next arrivals from Philadelphia, a fresh and very general assortment of MEDICINES, And other articles in the Apothecaries line, which will be sold on the lowest terms. Orders from the country, Recipes, &c. will be carefully attended to. Richmond, 25th June, 1804. w/bm
CONFECTIONARY. ALEXANDER PLANEVILLE, RESPECTFULLY acquaints the public in general, and the citizens of Richmond and its neighbourhood in particular, that he has commenced the CONFECTIONARY and CORDIAL DISTILLING business in the Brick house next door below Mr S. Pleasants' Book-store, lately occupied by Mr. Jacob Wheaton—where he will constantly keep for sale every article in his line of business; particularly CORDIALS and PRESERVES, CAKES, &c. &c. Orders from the country will be carefully and promptly executed. Richmond, Sept. 18, 1804. w/3t
BLANK BONDS For Sale at this Office.