Alexandria daily advertiser (Alexandria [Va.]), 1807-12-09 00:00:00

Alexandria Daily Advertiser.
VOL. VIII.
WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 9, 1807.
[No. 2037.]
Sales at Vendue.
Onevery Tuesday and Friday. WILL BE SOLD At the Vendue Store, corner of Prince and Water streets.
A Variety of Dry Goods, Groceries, &c. Particulars of which will be expressed in the bills of the day—All kinds of goods which are on limitation and the prices of which are established, can at any time be viewed and purchased at the lowest limitation and prices.
P. G. Marsteller, v. M.
JOSEPH RIDDLE, Has received by the ship William and John , from Liverpool, FALL GOODS. October 24. d
WANTED
A middle aged woman, capable of managing a house. To one of good character liberal wages will be given. Enquire of the Printer. Sept. 9. d
Wanted to Purchase,
A NEGRO MAN from 18 to 25 years of age; for whom a liberal price will be given. Apply to John Gadsby. November 19. d
TO RENT,
and possession given on the 14th of November next, The three story Brick House On the corner of King and Columbia-streets, now occupied by Mr. John Roberts.—For terms apply to Col. GEORGE DENEALE, living next door, or to the subscriber. Nicholas Voss, City of Washington, Oct. 20. dtf
JAMES SANDERSON,
Offers for sale very low, 25 hogsheads Muscovado Sugar 70 bags green Coffee 15 hogsheads well flavored Rum 5 pipes Cognac Brandy 12 quarter casks Sherry Wine 12 bales Tennessee Cotton And as usual A general assortment of the best Wines, Spirituous Liquors, Teas and Groceries, October 12. d
BRVAN HAMPSON
HAS FOR SALE. 10 pipes old port 5 do. Madeira 20 quarter casks Lisbon 12 do. particular Teneriffe 15 do. Malaga 15 pipes old cognac brandy 5 do. 4th proof Holland Gin 5 hds. 2d proof Antigua rum 12 do. first quality molasses 6 do. green copperas 2 do. alum 20 do. brown sugar 20 bags pimento 15 do. pepper 10 chests young hyson 10 do. hyson skin 5 do. imperial 100 bags green coffee 150 kegs madder 50 do. ground ginger 50 do. raisins 1200 lbs. bacon, well cured 5 kegs salt petre A quantity of fine and ground alum salt. At all times he has the first quality flour for family use on hand—with a number of other articles—all of which he will sell low on his former terms. Aug. 31. d
NOTICE.
THOSE who have claims upon the estate of William Oxley , an insolvent debtor, are hereby required to bring in and exhibit the same to the Trustee on or before the 10th day of December next.
N. Fitzhugh. Nov. 10.
On the 15th of December next, I propose to make a dividend of such of the moneys belonging to the estate of W. Oxley an insolvent debtor as have come to my hands. The creditors of that estate will therefore be pleased to attend at my office to receive their respective dividends.
Thomas Swann, Trustee. Nov. 19. dtf 5D.
Freight Wanted
For the Schooner SWAN, Benjamin Spooner, Master; to the West-Indies; burthen 650 barrels. Apply to E. JANNEY. 11th mo. 30th. d
Freight wanted
For Brig IZETTE, JOHN BARNES, Master; Burthen eighteen hundred barrels or two hundred and sixty hogsheads. Also, for sale on board said Brig, 45,000 feet of Lumber, New-England Rum, Potatoes and Oars. Apply to William Yeaton. November 2. d
Wanted to Purchase or Hire,
Two NEGRO MEN, accustomed to plantation work, one other as a striker to a smith one as a cook, and one hostler. None need apply but such as can be well recommended. Apply to John Gadsby. November 24. d
TEN PIPES
Choice Cognac Brandy, 8 hds. West-India Rum, 10 qr. casks L. P. Teneriffe Wine, 16 casks Rice, 195 Shares Marine Insurance Stock, For Sale by Catlett and Fisk. November 19. d
LANDING THIS DAY, FROM ON BOARD THE SCHOONER FAIR-PLAY,
AND FOR SALE, 75 hds 15 tierces and 16 barrels of first quality Sugars 33 hogsheads and a few tierces of retailing Molasses. Apply to Mordecai Miller.
LANDING
From the schooner Freighter , captain Thomas, from Portland and for sale by Lawrason & Fowle; 40,000 feet lumber, 100 bbls. New England rum, 150 boxes mould candles, 100 sides seal leather, 50 quintals cod fish, 20 casks cheese, 20 boxes chocolate. IN STORE, 5 tons St. Petersburg clean hemp, 3 bales plains, 2 do Kendal cottons, 100 doz. English sewing twine, 1500 sides red seal leather, 10 chests young hyson tea, 20 pipes Holland gin, 6 do. Bordeaux brandy, 6 hds. New England rum, 300 boxes brown soap, 50 do. mould candles, 50 do. chocolate, 30 do. Havana sugar, Hogsheads and barrels retailing sugar, Half barrel and kegs beef, 30 barrels and half barrels mackerel, 2 trunks coarse and fine shoes. November 21.
Just Received,
Per the Brig LOUISA , Captain JOHN MAC NA MARA, 23 hogsheads of the first quality Muscovado Sugars—and 62 ditto second quality. 40 ditto Martinico white clayed—all of a very superior quality, stored on Col. Gilpin's wharf, in the house lately occupied by John G. Ladd.—Apply to George Slacum.
TO RENT,
A convenient two story brick dwelling-house on the corner of Fairfax and Wilkes-streets, with a good garden and stables, conveniently calculated for a small family, in a very pleasant situation. Immediate possession can be given.—Apply to George Slacum.
ALSO,
A part of the three story brick house where the post-office is kept, with five rooms, in one of the best stands in this town. Apply as above. November 25. dtf
ROBERT GRAY,
Bookseller, in King-street Alexandria: Has just received for sale, a large supply of FAMILY BIBLES. Cash given for clean Linen and Cotton Rags. Apply as above. November 27. Stav1m
Public Sale.
On THURSDAY, the 10th day of December next, at eleven o'clock, will be sold, on the premises, on a long credit, That three story Brick House situated on the south side of Prince-street, in the occupation of Mrs. Nickol's between Fairfax and Water-streets.—Terms will be made known at the place of sale. P. G. Marsteller. December 1.
A valuable Mill Seat
For sale, the 21st instant, on the premises, about four miles from Alexandria, on the side of the turnpike road leading to Winchester, between the ford of Holmes's run and the trough hill.
THE fall of water as has been levelled by two different men, is made by one of them a little over and by the other something under thirty feet. Is accommodated with four and one quarter acres of land for the buildings, &c. together with a sufficiency for the head and tail race and also for the dam.
The terms are—One fourth ready money, the remainder in equal payments of three, six, and nine months. A title will be made when all the payments are completed.—This sale is authorised by a decree of the court of chancery of Virginia, and the title will be made by the subscriber in consequence thereof.
William Hartshorne,
Receiver of the effects of John Sutton and John Mandeville, under the order of the Chancellor of Virginia. December 2. dts
Public Sale.
BY virtue of a decree of the Superior Court of Chancery for the Richmond district, will be Sold, at public auction, on Tuesday the 15th day of December next, if fair, if not, the next fair day, that very valuable and delightful SEAT, in the county of Stafford, on the Rappahannock river, about six miles below Fredericksburg, called
TRAVELLER'S REST,
The residence of the late Mr. Tho. Garnett. The terms of sale will be one fourth of the purchase money, and so much more as shall be sufficient to defray the costs of suit and expenses attending the sale, in cash; one third of the residue payable when George Garnett shall attain his age of twenty-one years, with interest from the day of sale; one other third payable when Joseph Garnett shall attain his age of twenty-one years, with like interest; one sixth, or a half of the remaining third, payable when Elizabeth W. Garnett shall attain her age of twenty-one years, or marry, with like interest; and the residue when the youngest daughter of the said Mr. Thomas Garnett deceased, shall attain her age of twenty-one years, or marry, with like interest; subject to the dower of the widow of the said Mr. Thomas Garnett. The interest on each payment to be paid annually, and no title to be made to the purchaser until the whole money is paid, the title being held as a security therefor. Wm. Lovell, Ex'tr. November 19. d4w.
HORWELL'S
Celebrated Patent Suspender
FOR Ease, Elegance, Strength, &c. far exceeds any in use. To be had wholesale and retail at the MANUFACTORY, lower end of Prince Street, Alexandria.
N. B. The Subscriber has a complete assortment well adapted for the Winter Season, and can supply wholesale purchasers on advantageous terms.
Richard Horwell.
Sept. 25 d6m.
DIRECTIONS.
The buttons on the back parts of the waistband ought to be placed the same distance from each other, as the two center buttons on the Suspender, to prevent improper straining and thereby destroying the case designed in the construction of the article.
FOR SALE,
A NEGRO LAD, about eighteen years of age, a complete house servant. Apply to the Printer. December 8. d
This Day will be Landed
From on board the Brig SALLY ELIZA , Boaz Bell, Master; 50 hogsheads first quality St. Martin's SUGAR. 44 do. Martinique clayed. For sale by John Tucker. St
Table Beer.
THE Lovers of this wholesome Beverage to Victuals, may have it fresh and good, at four pence halfpenny per quart, by applying at the store of
Thomas Cruse,
Opposite the Alexandria Bank. December 8. d1w
Public Sale.
By virtue of a decree of the County Court of Fairfax, will be exposed to public sale, for cash, on the 15th day of January next, on the premises—
Two tracts of Land, with the appurtenances, containing together about sixteen hundred and seventy acres, or so much thereof as may be necessary to raise the sum of about two hundred pounds;—which said tracts are situated in the county of Fairfax, and are parts of what is commonly called the Ravensworth Tract of Land .—One of these tracts is in the possession of Augustine J. Smith, Esq. and is the tract on which he at present resides—the other is in the possession of Doctor Henry Rose.
The lands will be sold in lots which will be designated on the day of sale, and the sum to be then raised will also be precisely stated. The meeting of the Commissioners will be at the upper Turnpike Gate upon the turnpike road, about 12 o'clock on the day of sale.
Wm. Payne, Wm. Deneale, Geo. Summers, Thomson Mason, Rich'd. M. Scott. Dec. 8. dts
Washington Society.
THE Members of the Alexandria Washington Society , will please take notice that a regular stated meeting of the said Society, will be held at Gadsby's hotel, on MONDAY the 14th of this month, at twelve o'clock, A. M.—Punctual attendance is requested.
By order,
G. DENEALE, Sec'y. December 7. 6t
Mrs. Lanphier,
HAS RECEIVED A SMALL ASSORTMENT OF
HANDSOME VELVETS,
Consisting of Pink, Orange, Green, Nazareen, and Pale Blue, Drab, Straw, Purple, Brown and Black—and expects by Capt. Hand, some elegant Feathers, Cords and Tassels. December 7. d8t
JOSEPH MANDEVILLE,
CORNER OF KING AND FAIRFAX-STREETS; HAS RECEIVED,
6000 lb. Goshen Cheese 1st quality
1 1/2 ton assorted Patent Shot, 30 half chests & boxes Imperial, Young Hyson, & Hyson-skin, } TEAS, 5 pipes choice Cognac Brandy, 40 bbls. Rye Whiskey, 15 cases old Medoc Claret superior quality, 70 lb. Nutmegs, 50 dozen London Mustard, 5 casks London refined Salt-petre, 15 casks chewing Tobacco small twist, 30 boxes Soap, 25 do. mould and dipp'd Candles, 45 kegs yellow ground Ginger, 20 boxes Havana Segars, 5 cwt. Zante Currants, Raisins in boxes and casks, Pearl and bulled Barley
A small quantity basket salt.
Which with a very general assortment of Wines, Liquors quantity basket will sell low for cash, produce, or the usual credit. Nov 26

TRIAL
OF COLONEL A. BURR.
MOTION FOR COMMITMENT.
EXAMINATION OF EVIDENCE.
THURSDAY, October 8.
General Wilkinson in explanation of major Bruff's testimony.
CONTINUED.
Nothing particular passed between us after this, until the afternoon before his departure, which was on the 12th of September in the morning. He informed me that he wished to have some conversation with me, and I invited him to my house for the purpose. In the course of this interview, he asked me "whether I could be content to vegetate or moulder in that damned government," meaning the government of Louisiana. I expressed my satisfaction with the situation, observing that "I was making arrangements to retire to private life, that I was tired of the erratic life I had long led, and that the delicate situation of my wife, to whom I owed more than I could render, made it necessary." After some pause, he asked me if my energies and enterprize were lost or dead; to which I replied, that my energies and enterprize had profited me through life little else than to expose me to perils and hardships. He then observed, "but suppose some grand enterprize should present which would lead direct to fame and fortune?" To this I replied with indifference at first, remarking that I had been so long looking in vain for something of the kind, that I had given up the expectation; but added, after a short pause, that if the government should think proper to direct any thing of the kind, he would not find that my energies or enterprize were lost. "Surely, replied he, under the authority of the government," and naming a minister, asked me if an order from him would satisfy me, to which I answered, that an order from any minister was obligatory on me, as they were all organs of the presidential will. Well! said he, such a measure has been thought of, but it is unnecessary to go into the details of a project which may never be carried into effect, and I replied, that I had no curiosity to hear—and here you have as much of his designs as I possessed.
It has been observed, that I have said I had no idea of any project of colonel Burr before the receipt of his letter by Swartwout. This I deny. I have said I had no idea of any illicit design, such as would subject him to legal penalty or legal obstruction. Between the period of Mr. Burr's leaving St. Louis and May, 1806, I received six letters from him; I have said that those letters blended matters political with matters personal. I have considered those letters confidential, they were so received, and I will not expose them but in the last extremity, without colonel Burr's permission, but if I have that permission I will do it now. I have asked it and do again ask it. Those letters were of an ambiguous aspect, speaking of some enterprize without designating any, and were calculated to inculcate me should they be exposed. I have said I made a communication to a public minister, the secretary of the navy, to the following effect: "Burr is about something, but whether internal or external, I cannot discover;" it has been made a question how I could, feeling the friendship I professed for colonel Burr, make such a communication when unapprized of any criminal intention, and I reply that I justify it from a sense of public duty, paramount to all other obligations; from the consciousness, that if Mr. Burr intended no harm, the communication would do him none, as it was confidential, and on the ground of self security against events.
I had formed several opinions of Mr. Burr's views; sometimes I thought them chimerical, and the most definite idea I had ever attached to them was, that he had formed some connection with the British government, that he was to operate with an expedition by the Gulf against the Mexican provinces, and that the U. S. were, in case of a war, which was every where expected, to co-operate by the Mississippi. I recollect well this impression from the circumstance of my having mentioned to several persons, that if they would shew me the embarkation of an army in England, equip for a southern climate, I would tell them we should have a war with the Spanish provinces, and from this impression,
my idea respecting Miranda's "taking the bread out of his mouth" must have sprung. I beg it may be remembered at this time, that colonel Burr descended from the vice presidential chair with great ease, and I did believe he was no only reascending in the public confidence, but in the confidence of the executive. And for these reasons His step-son, judge Prevost, had been appointed district judge to the territory of Orleans. The republican body of the senate had addressed governor Bloomfield to enter a nolle prosequi on his behalf, in a case of great hardship and delicacy. The senate had addressed him in the most flattering terms, and Dr. Browne, the gentleman who had married his wife's sister, had been appointed (solely on the recommendation of colonel Burr) secretary to the territory of which I had been appointed governor.
[Wilkinson's explanation to be continued]
CONGRESS.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
MONDAY, November 30.
DEBATE on the report of the committee on aggressions, recommending appropriations for the defence of our sea-ports.
(CONTINUED)
Mr. Bacon called for the reading of the report of the secretary of war which had been received by the committee.
Mr. Chandler said that paper did not contain the particular sum, which could not be precisely ascertained. He would answer in reply to the gentleman who enquired why no sum had been proposed, that the secretary of war had informed the committee of aggressions, that the sum of 250 or 300,000 dollars would be sufficient for the expenditure of one year, except in case of immediate war, when a larger sum would be necessary; and this reason had induced the committee to wish that the blank should not now be filled.
Mr. Quincy said, if he had understood the chairman of the committee correctly, there was some reason against publishing the paper just alluded to; if so he did not wish to trouble the house; but if there were not he hoped it would be read.
Mr. Blount said he had before stated that the secretary of war had not been formally called upon for information, but had communicated it verbally. Having done so, the committee asked him to make a statement in general terms as they did not wish the enemy to know what particular species of fortification might be contemplated. If it should be thought that the house should have information from the department of war, Mr. B. hoped the secretary would be called upon to furnish it, that he might give it more formally than was contained in this paper. The committee had adopted the course of verbal communication, because it had been pursued by a similar committee at a former session—the statement contained in this paper was very informal, and he hoped it would not be printed in that state.
Mr. Cook was opposed to filling the blank at this time from want of information. He wished to see a statement of the sums that would be necessary to put every part of the United States in such a state of defence as that embraced by the resolution. If gentlemen would give themselves the trouble to count their fingers, they would find that the sum of 750,000 dollars was by no means sufficient. As he thought it probable they might receive more information before it was necessary to fill the blank in the bill, he hoped no sum would be agreed to at this time.
Mr. Masters I am happy that this subject is before the committee of the whole house, which has been too often and too long neglected. Tho' I moved that the blank be filled with the sum of fifteen hundred thousand dollars, yet I think that sum too small to fortify, efficiently, our extended sea coast; but I suppose it is as much as can be economically and advantageously expended in one year.
I believe the policy this nation has pursued ought to be abandoned. I do not mean to criminate the administration. I believe the government, and those who have administered it, have dealt justly with all nations, expecting national justice in return; I am convinced that national justice and national friendship are idle as the wind that blows, and that there is no such thing as national justice to be expected in times like these. We must depend on our own strength and not on national justice. Our government have calculated on preserving peace by pursuing a fair and impartial neutrality, and that those difficulties which might arise between us and any of the European powers, might be amicably
settled and adjusted by friendly negotiation. If we turn our attention to the conduct of the European powers, the stronger towards the weaker, it will prove incontestably that national justice is at an end. What has been the national justice of France towards Holland, Prussia, all the petty states of Germany, Italy, and in short all the powers of the continent? It is conquest, dominion and tearing up by the roots every vestige of civil liberty, and annihilating the national rights of those powers.
The national justice of Great Britain in India has extirpated every prince and nation in that quarter; and what has been her national justice towards Denmark? History does not give an account of such base conduct as the attack on Copenhagen. America herself has not kept a more fair and impartial neutrality than Denmark—Such is the national justice between the nations of Europe. Notwithstanding the government of this nation has, with honest sincerity, dealt justly towards all nations, who will seek in vain to find a single act of aggression on our part, let us see what kind of national justice we have received in return. Spain has violated her faith, refused indemnity for spoliations committed on our commerce, actually invaded our territory by an armed force, and her minister countenanced in insulting our government and country.
If we turn to France we shall find she has, under the curtain, pricked up Spain to commit unwarrantable aggressions, and her privateersmen have now and then sung Te Deum on board of some of our most valuable merchant ships and condemned them.
If we turn to G. Britain, we shall find her return of national justice and friendship is by attacking one of our armed vessels and shedding the blood of our countrymen. I will not dwell on this subject of the frigate Chesapeake, so well known—I cannot speak or reflect on the subject without indignation. She has almost ruined our commerce in the Mediterranean seas; she has captured our vessels bound to Antwerp in French Flanders, and to the ports in Holland, France and Spain; she has blockaded our harbors, pressed our seamen, violated our territory, added insult to injury and aggression, wounded the pride and feelings of the American people, and endeavored to degrade and injure, in the eyes of the world, our national honor and character.
The policy of trusting to national justice, at the outset, might be proper. It was of importance to have time to gain strength, which this nation just begins to feel; that policy ought now to be at an end; it proves theoretical and visionary. It has long since been necessary to pursue measures of general defence. Neither would I trust too much to gun boats; they are useful auxiliaries, and I will vote for an increase of their numbers. They are good in their place, and so are proclamations, when you have energy and force to compel an observance. I am for trusting no longer to proclamations; they are a conductor of disgrace to the nation. The answer of the commander of the sloop of war Driver, when lying in our harbor at Charleston, was insolent and contemptuous. The answer of the commander of the insignificant fleet, yet lying in Lyubavoe Bay, was, that they would batter down the town of Norfolk. You always will and must expect to be insulted, unless you pursue the policy of general defence. I hope to see our coasts lined with forts and batteries at suitable and proper places, and our harbors filled with frigates and gun boats, with some block ships; and were it not esteemed heresy by some, I would say a few seventy-four gun ships. Such is my opinion of the necessity and utility of some heavier ships, that I feel it my duty, as a faithful representative, to express it. Our situation is critical, and our foreign relations are gloomy. The affairs of the nation require serious and grave deliberation, and all our wisdom, but above all, unanimity. Away, therefore, with wretched party spirit, and party violence. I do not mean to be understood as giving an opinion that war will be inevitable; I only wish to be prepared for it.
It is a correct maxim, that nations will pursue that course which is most for their interest, and would the men now in power in the British nation look forward for years to come, they would say their interest was peace with the U. S. of America; but it is to be recollected, that those men in power calculate on the termination of that power forever on the death of the king which they believe from the infirmity of age will soon happen; they, therefore, calculate for the moment.
To Congress the nation turn their eyes, justly expecting we will afford them pro-
tection; upon which they place their hope for public security; which will give confidence and vigor to the nation. Our rank and station will be decided among the powers of Europe by the vote we give this day. Let us behold this nation at this alarming crisis looking boldly the nations of the earth in the face, by appropriating liberal means for a spirited and permanent plan of defence. The propriety and necessity of adopting measures for fortifications appear to be universally allowed, not only among the European powers, but is the sense of this nation as far as I can judge. The legislature of the state of New York by their resolutions now on your table, signed by the president of their Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives have invited and requested the attention of Congress to this important subject, and immediate steps ought to be taken to make ample provision for that purpose. The community in general are alive to the subject; the people of this country are jealous of their rights and are disposed to defend them. The system of permanent fortifications ought from its nature to be the greatest care of the government. It is a system upon which rests the security of national defence. In case of war the situation of the nation must be calamitous, indeed, for the want of fortifications. The history of all civilized nations will prove, that fortifications were and still are part of their valuable system of defence; and that they have and do keep fortified their most important cities and towns. This system has been uniformly practised and encouraged by the most brave, powerful and experienced nations. Let us therefore resort to that experience and observation, and lay aside useless theory.
At both of the sessions of the last congress the subject of fortifications was urged for consideration and voted down. Are we willing to take upon ourselves the hazard of the calamitous consequences that may happen to the nation, and stand responsible to our constituents and posterity, by a repetition of the same vote? I am not. If we take a view of the relative situation of the European powers, their resources, their objects and prospects, we shall have but one feeling, we shall pay a due regard to self defence, and shall be in a state of preparation for even s
[Debate to be continued]
MINUTES.
FRIDAY, December 4.
The Speaker laid before the house a letter from the secretary of the treasury, including an estimate of the appropriations necessary for the service of the year 1808, an account of the receipts and expenditures for the year past, and an account of the balances of former appropriations remaining unexpended; which was referred to the committee of ways and means.
The bill from the senate, making an appropriation for the more effectual defence of the ports and harbors of the United States was read twice and referred to the same committee of the whole to whom was referred the bill for fortifying our ports and harbors and building gun boats.
Mr. Chandler presented the petition of sundry inhabitants of Bengal, in the district of Maine, praying for the erection of a port of entry; which was referred to the committee of commerce and manufactures.
The unfinished business of yesterday, on Mr. Randolph's resolutions, was then taken up.
The yeas and nays being about to be called as agreed to yesterday on the second resolution.
Mr. Eppes moved to amend it by striking out the words, "the whole body of the militia of the United States," and insert "_____thousand of the militia of the United States and for arming annually hereafter, _____thousand, until the whole body of the militia of the United States shall be armed."
The yeas and nays were agreed to be taken on this amendment.
A debate ensued (in which Messrs. Chandler, Bacon, Wetherell and Southerland took part) on the principle of the resolution.
Mr. Randolph to prevent more delay taking place from the consideration of amendments, and to expedite the business that the bill for the defence of the sea ports might be taken up, moved for the previous question on the amendment.
Mr. Speaker said that the previous question could not be taken on an amendment the question being in this form, "shall the main question be now put?"
Mr. Randolph contended that the amendment under consideration was the main question.

STATE OF EUROPE AT THE PEACE OF TILSIT, IN JULY, 1807.
SINCE the time of Charlemagne, no revolution has happened in Europe so important as that which has been produced by the downfall of the Capets in France. Towards the close of the eighteenth century, a grand and interesting spectacle attracted the attention of every civilized people. They beheld a nation which had long been remarkable for a devoted attachment to its hereditary monarchs, overleap, at once, all the barriers erected by prejudice, and boldly assert the unalienable rights of man. An event so unexpected, was hailed with enthusiasm, by all the friends of liberty: they considered it as the first dawning of a light, which would quickly illumine all the regions of the globe; as a commencement of a new state of things, in which liberty would triumph, and slavery be banished from the earth. But these buds of hope were quickly blasted. The despotism of the Bourbons was overturned but a slavery more intolerable succeeded. The French nation became the prey of a monarch. They had thrown away their gilded fetters, but chains still more galling were imposed upon them by a band of cutthroats. Wearied with a perpetual change of masters, and thinking one tyrant more tolerable than a thousand, they surrendered the destinies of the nation into the hands of Napoleon, and sought for that repose in the calm of despotism, which they found unattainable in the tempestuous sea of liberty.
But while the French nation was convincing the world of its inability to enjoy the liberty which it sought after, it also impressed upon the nations of Europe the danger of officiously interfering in the domestic concerns of a powerful and warlike nation. In the wars which preceded the elevation of Bonaparte to the imperial dignity, France wrested from Spain, and the house of Austria, the ten provinces in the Netherlands, and incorporated them with herself. The continental dominions of the king of Sardinia experienced a similar fate. In Italy she had moreover acquired the duchies of Tuscany and Milan, beside some smaller principalities. The republics of Holland and Switzerland, though completely subdued, were permitted to retain some small appearances of their former independence. Such was the state of France in 1801. Passing over the intervening years, let us view the state of
FRANCE,
At present; and the vast increase of her power will shew us how rapidly she is proceeding towards universal dominion. We behold, then, the emperor Napoleon, at the conclusion of the second continental war in which he has engaged since he mounted the throne, compleatly the arbiter of the continent. He has broken the power of Austria, and driven her from all her remaining Italian dominions; he has completely humbled the house of Brandenburg, and deprived it of half its territory, and of its long accumulated wealth; he has expelled the king of Naples from his dominions; he has overturned the Germanic constitution; he has been declared protector of the Rhenish confederation, and has placed seven kings upon as many newly erected thrones; he is the acknowledged master of France, Italy, and a considerable part of Germany, beside the Low Countries, and completely directs the cabinets of Constantinople, of Madrid, of Berlin and of Vienna.
RUSSIA
alone, of all the principal continental powers, has just pretensions to the title of an independent nation. But she too has been forced to crouch before the enormous power of France. She has been compelled to desert her ally, the king of Prussia, and to terminate a war with Turkey, in which she had been uniformly successful. The small addition of territory which she has received is a poor compensation for the disgrace of being frightened into a peace before the enemy had passed her frontier. Governed by a monarch of a feeble and irresolute mind, Russia will certainly lose the rank among the nations of Europe to which she was elevated by the genius of Catharine. And perhaps the hardy sons of the North will be numbered, before many years, among the subjects of Napoleon. This would, indeed, surpass all the revolutions which have for some time astonished the nations of the earth. It would overturn, too, the ingenious theories of Montesquieu and others, who suppose that the tide of conquest will ever flow from the North. But such an event is by no means improbable. The banners of Napoleon may ere long be planted on the ramparts of St. Petersburg; and the country which, a few centuries
ago, poured its invincible hordes upon the south of Europe, may be forced, in its turn, to bear a foreign yoke.
THE TURKS
seem to have reached almost the last stage of political degeneracy. Prevented by their religion from cultivating the arts and sciences, they have adopted few of those improvements in the art of war which the last century produced. The necessary consequence is, that when they engage in contests with their more enlightened neighbours they encounter certain defeat. Driven far within their former boundaries, nourishing a formidable enemy within the bosom of their country, and reduced to a state of extreme debility by intestine wars, the Turks, it is probable, will ere long, be driven into Asia. Nothing but the abject submission with which they now receive the commands of Bonaparte, prevents the immediate dissolution of their empire in Europe.
The rescuing of Greece from the dominion of those stupid infidels, was a favorite plan of the great Catharine of Russia, and would not be unworthy of the magnificent Napoleon. How shameful it is that the native country of liberty and eloquence, the nursery of the arts and sciences, and the mother of so many heroes, should be left under the galling yoke of those unlettered and unenlightened barbarians. That the monuments of its former glory should be overturned by their senseless possessors, or converted into shelters for brutes, as enlightened as themselves. But things will not long remain in this situation. The empire of the Turk even now totters, and ere long it will tumble in the dust. Then shall the brave and ingenious Greeks awake from the slumber which oppresses them, and occupy their proper rank among the nations of the earth.
GERMANY
has ceased to be called "The Empire," since an empire more mighty has arisen in Europe. It is divided into the kingdom of Prussia, shrunk to the half of its former bulk; the newly erected kingdoms of Saxony, Westphalia, Bavaria, Wirtemberg, and Baden, and the empire of Austria, so called. The circle of Franconia, it is said is also to be erected into a kingdom. All these obey the mandate of Napoleon.
SPAIN,
forgetful of her former greatness, and anxious only for present security, is compleatly subservient to the all-conquering French. The resources of this feeble monarchy, are as compleatly at the disposal of Bonaparte as those of any department in France. The treasures of the new world, continually flowing into his coffers, afford him the means of subduing the old. The haughty Castilian is compelled to march under the auspices of France, and to fight her battles in the inclement regions of the north. The Andalusian peasant is torn from the orange and citron groves of his native province, to follow the track of mad ambition, thro' the rugged forests of Poland. The adventurous Biscayan, cut off by the wars of France from a lucrative commerce, mans the navy of Napoleon. Nor is
PORTUGAL
in a much better situation. She retains her political existence at the mercy of France, and there is every probability of her soon ceasing to exist as an independent nation.
GREAT BRITAIN
alone of all the European states has preserved her dignity and defended her rights against the overbearing power of France. In a bloody contest of fourteen years, she has endeavored to set bounds to French ambition; to preserve her own independence, and that of Europe. Though her gallant efforts have not been crowned with the success which they deserved, they have nevertheless covered her with glory, and preserved herself at least from French domination. They have annihilated the navies of France, of Spain, of Holland, and made Great Britain completely the mistress of the ocean. But in effecting this she has burthened herself with an enormous debt; she has been almost entirely excluded from the continental market, and forced to rely upon America, and upon her colonies, for the means of carrying on a war, by which her very existence is threatened. Oppressed as she is by the multitude of her foes, it would not be wonderful if she were finally compelled to yield to the continually increasing power of France. She has been often threatened with an invasion, and such an event seems now more probable than ever. Should it actually take place, the struggle would be dreadful indeed. On one side would be seen, those all conquering legions, who have made so many countries resound with the groans of wretched-
* The Greek Christians who have repeatedly invited a Russian invasion.
ness: on the other, a gallant band of free-men, unaccustomed, for the most part, to the toils and privations of a soldiers life, but determined to endure toils and privations, and death itself, rather than surrender their beloved freedom to an inveterate foe. On one side the spoilers of the liberty of Europe; on the other its brave defenders. On one side, those veterans, both in war and iniquity, who having driven from the continent the genius of European liberty, wish now to expel her from the isles of the ocean; on the other, the most devoted of her worshippers, determined to secure to her this last asylum, or perish in the attempt.
The issue of this momentous conflict is veiled in the darkness of futurity. But no lover of freedom, no friend of the human race, can hesitate in wishing destruction to the invaders, and victory to the invaded.
JUVENIS.
On Sunday last, a person, while walking near the Belvidere Hill, discovered a hole or cavity in the bank; and on examining it with his cane, he found 1 guinea, dated 1743—5 Spanish Dollars, dated 1773—5 quarters dated 1743—27 English half-pennies, marked George Second, and a number of buttons, marked 87th regiment. The skull and other parts of a human frame were also found in the same place. [New-York paper.]
The last letters from Flushing state, that an epidemic fever, not unlike the yellow fever in the West Indies, had broke out in that sea-port town, and carried off 1400 hundred of the inhabitants in the space of only three weeks.
SHIP NEWS.
Port of Alexandria. ARRIVED, Sch't Fair American, Clements, New York, Sundries different merchants.
CLEARED. Brig President, Smith, West Indies—by John Tucker.
A ship below aground, two brigs in the river and several other vessels bound up.
REMOVAL.
A. WILLIS, Has removed his Store to Prince-street, two doors below Alexander M'Kenzie's, where he has on hand
A general assortment of Groceries and Fruit as usual.
And has just received, A quantity of Rhodde-Island Cheese of an excellent quality.
Cranberries by the barrel or retail Rhode-Island greening Apples in barrels Sweet Cider in barrels Muscadel Raisins in boxes or retail Capers of an excellent quality, &c. &c. December 9. 6t*
Edward Lee,
Respectfully informs the Citizens of Alexandria,
THAT HE HAS AGAIN COMMENCED The Loaf Bread Baking, at his former stand on Royal-street.
December 9. 3t
Table Beer.
THE Lovers of this wholesome Beverage to Victuals, may have it fresh and good, at four pence halfpenny per quart, by applying at the store of
Thomas Cruse,
Opposite the Alexandria Bank. A L S O,
Ale at twelve and half cents, and Sweet Cider.
December 8. d2w
A Valuable Ferry for Sale.
THE subscribers offer for sale the valuable FERRY in Prince George's county, opposite to the town of Alexandria, together with about fifty acres of Land in a high state of cultivation, about eight or ten acres of which are in timothy and more could be converted into meadow at a small expence—on which there is also a valuable fishing landing. The purchaser may be accommodated with boats and hands for conducting the ferry advantage. There are on the premises, a handsome and commodious House well calculated for a tavern, with convenient out buildings, viz. a barn, corn house, stables, &c.—For terms apply to
Walter D. Addison, & Joseph Thomas.
Nov. 3. 2aw
Mr. Stanford, with all deference to the Speaker's decision, made an appeal to the house from his decision, in order that the principle might be now fixed.
A considerable debate took place on this motion.
Mr. Eyles, who protested against the principle supported by the advocates of a decision contrary to that made by the Speaker as tending to destroy the rights of a minority in Congress by excluding debate on any question, called for the yeas and nays.
The question was then put by yeas & nays, Is the decision of the Speaker correct?
and carried in the affirmative. Yeas 111—Nays 16.
Mr. Randolph asked for a division of the question on the amendment, so as to take the question first on striking out the words proposed to be expunged, and called for the yeas and nays.
The question was taken by Yeas and Nays on striking out, and lost—Yeas 43—Nays 73.
Mr. Eyles said since his purpose had been defeated by a division of the question, and as he should vote against the original resolution, and wished to shew by his vote to what extent he would go, he would submit an amendment on which he wished no debate, and called for the yeas and nays upon it. He then moved to insert at the end of the resolution these words, "By providing at the present time for the purchase of a thousand arms, and annually hereafter for the purchase of a thousand until the same shall be completed."
The question was taken on this amendment, and lost—Yeas 41—Nays 86.
The question recurring on the original resolution, Messrs. Quincy and Nicholas assigned their reasons for voting in favor of it, and Messrs. Talmadge, Allston, and Ely, for voting against it; when
The main question on the second resolution was decided by Yeas and Nays—Yeas 72—Nays 55.
A motion was then made to adjourn and lost.
The question was then taken on the third resolution offered by Mr. Randolph, for providing a formidable train of artillery, and carried without a division.
On motion of Mr. Randolph the first resolution was referred to a select committee, which consists of Messrs. Randolph, Elliot, Cobb, Macon and Kelly; and the second to a select committee, which consists of Messrs. Randolph, Ely, Talmadge, Lloyd, Stanford, Mumford and Smilie.
On motion of Mr. Brown the third was referred to the committee to whom was referred so much of the message of the president of the U. States as relates to our military and naval establishments.
Mr. Randolph said, that on this day a decision on a point of order had taken place, and been confirmed by the house. Upon looking back to the journals of a former session he had found a precedent, where a previous question had been taken, not only on an amendment, but on an amendment to an amendment. His object in rising at this time was not to question the correctness of the decision of the chair, much less the motives which induced that decision; but it appeared to him that if this precedent had been produced to the house previous to the confirmation of the decision of the Speaker, their vote would have been different. For this reason, and to obviate difficulties, which daily occurred, he should move that the clerk of the house be directed to make a compilation from the journals for the use of the house, of all decisions on points of order which had taken place since the government went into operation. Mr. R. introduced a resolution to that effect, which he wished to lie on the table.
The House then adjourned till Monday morning.
Alexandria Daily Advertiser.
WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 9.
GEORGE ROSE.—By the Royal Calendar, or Annual Register, for the year 1806, we find that the honorable George Rose, the father of the young man who is appointed on a mission to this country, held the following offices under the British government. He was clerk of parliament at a salary of 3,500l. a member of the privy council, and pay-master general of the army, with a salary of 2,000l. The young man who is coming to this country, we understand was born in the year 1783, of course he is now 24 years of age.
Extract of a letter from Jamaica, dated Kingston, November 5.
"The rains have been for some time more abundant than I recollect for many years past, which has removed entirely the scarcity of provision and ensured us plenty of food for our negroes for many months, and affords us the prospect of good crops of sugar and coffee. The prices of American produce are extremely low and as follows:—Superfine Philadelphia flour from 7 to 8 dollars; corn meal 4 dollars 25 cents; rice 4 dollars 50 cts. bread nominal. It is supposed notwithstanding the depression of flour it will still be low as upwards of twenty thousand barrels are on hand in this city and no purchasers except for the best Philadelphia superfine."

Joseph Mandeville, Corner of King and Fairfax Streets, ALEXANDRIA:  HAS FOR SALE, An assortment of WINES, LI- QUORS, GROCERIES, &c. Consisting of
MADEIRA Port Sherry Lisbon Malaga Teneriffe & Corsica  WINES.
Old St. Estephe Medoc laret, in cases of one dozen A few dozen fine old frontine Ditto do. best wine bitters Jamaica and West-India rum New-England do. Cognac, Bourdeaux and Naples brandy Holland and country gin Schiedam gin in cases Irish whiskey, very old 70 barrels Pennsylvania rye whiskey Cider in barrels White wine and Cider vinegar Florence oil in flasks 2 hogsheads Havana honey 15 do. choice retailing molasses
TEAS Gunpowder Imperial Hyson Young Hyson Hyson-Skin and Souchong of good quality.
Muscovado sugars, different qualities Bengal white do. Loaf and lump sugars, Philadelphia, Baltimore and Alexandria. Leiper's, Garrett's, and Hamilton's snuff in bottles and bladders. Macuba and rapee do. Clover-seed, (Penn. warranted) Mace; nutmegs; cloves; cassia; pimento; pepper; ginger, race and ground; Cayenne pepper; refined salt-petre.
Coffee; chocolate; rice; pearl barley; London and Philadelphia mustard; basket salt; starch; fig blue; floutant indigo; Georgia and Tennessee cotton; flax; wool; madder; copperas; alum; brimstone; chalk; pipes in boxes; wrapping paper and twine; traces; bed cords; leading lines; demijohns; gin cases; patent shot; brandy wine gunpowder; Harvey's gunpowder, [the only real British battle powder] from F to treble scaled; chewing tobacco; best Havana segars. Muscatel and bloom raisins in boxes. Sun raisins in casks. Zante currants; prunes; soft shelled almonds.
A few boxes excellent pickles, each one dozen bottles assorted; capers, olives and anchovies, for sale by the box. A quantity of clean good allum salt suitable for the fishery, &c. &c.
JAMES BACON, At his GROCERY STORE, on King-street, has in addition to his former stock, added  A fresh Supply of Genuine Articles in the Grocery Line; Which makes his assortment complete. He now offers for sale, on his usual low terms
Muscovado Sugars, of various qualities,
Loaf and Lump ditto, Gunpowder, Imperial, Hyson, Young Hyson, Hyson-Skin, and Souchong  TEAS, particularly selected for family use.
Best green Coffee, Chocolate, of a superior quality Madeira, Busellos, Sherry, Lisbon, Teneriffe, Malaga, and Genuine old Port  WINES.
Cognac and Bourdeaux Brandy, Old Jamaica Spirit, for family use, Antigua, St. Croix, St. Vincents, and New England Rum, Holland Gin, Irish and country Whisky, Molasses, Wine, and Cider Vinegar, Stoughton's Bitters, Mace, nutmegs, cloves, cassia, pimento, Cayenne and black pepper, race and ground ginger, basket salt for table use, pearl barley, rice, starch, fig blue, soap, mould, dipt and spermaceti candles, refined salt-petre, floutant indigo, alum, copperas, madder, brimstone, spinning cotton, patent shot all sizes, best english and country made gunpowder, segars and smoking tobacco, very best chewing tobacco.
Hamilton and Leiper's snuff, Hunter's pipes in boxes. London mustard, warranted of a superior quality, Dixon's best ditto, wrapping paper demijohns, &c. &c. with generally every article in his line—the whole of which have been selected with care, and will be disposed of on the very lowest terms
ALMANACS for 1808, Just published and for sale, by Cotton and Stewart.
MR. GENERIS Has the pleasure to inform his Friends and the Public, THAT he has commenced his Practising Balls, and will continue them as heretofore. Mr. GENERIS begs the parents who have children to be instructed, will please to send them as soon as possible, so as to give them an opportunity of improving sufficiently, as he intends to have an Exhibition at the conclusion of his school for their amusement which will serve to create ambition. November 12.
FOR SALE. On Tuesday the twenty-second of December next, WILL BE SOLD at public sale, on the premises, that pleasant seat—  PROSPECT HILL, the late residence of John Gibson, esq. deceased. Containing about one hundred and seventy acres of LAND; the greater part under good inclosures, with a large, handsome, and commodious dwelling-house, and every necessary outhouse in good order—convenient and well finished stables—a young apple orchard of choice fruit beginning to bear—an excellent garden—and a well of fine water. This place is situated near Dumfries—is very healthy—and commands a delightful prospect of the Potomac. A further description is deemed unnecessary, as it is presumed any gentleman wishing to purchase, will view the premises. The terms of sale will be six months credit, the purchaser giving bond with approved security. Immediate possession will be given. John Spence, James Reid, Executors of John Gibson. Dumfries, Nov. 16.
BALTIMORE  Rolling and Slitting-Mill. THE subscribers are daily receiving from the manufactory a complete supply of 3d, 4d, 5d, 6d, 7d, 8d, 10d, 12d and 20 penny Hoop-Iron suitable for cut nails—Also, Spike and Nail Rods of all sizes, manufactured from iron of the best quality and executed in the neatest manner, which they sell at Philadelphia prices for cash, or on the usual credit for acceptances in Baltimore. They also execute orders (if for more than a ton) in the neatest manner at very short notice. Andrew & Thomas Ellicott. Baltimore, Oct. 31. [Nov. 5] col19t
ST. MARY'S COLLEGE.  GRAND LOTTERY, BALTIMORE. AUTHORIZED by the general assembly of the state of Maryland, the scheme of which is the most brilliant ever offered to the citizens of the U. S. containing besides a large number of other good prizes,
  1 prize of  30,000 dollars.    1 do. of  15,000    3 do. of  10,000    3 do. of  5,000    3 do. of  1,500    7 do. of  1,000    Not two blanks to a prize, and the lowest prize is twelve dollars. The scheme contains only 21,500 tickets; 10,000 of which are actually sold to a company of gentlemen, in N. York, to whom the Managers have obligated themselves to commence the drawing in the city of Baltimore, On THURSDAY the 31st day of DECEMBER next, and to draw 500 tickets per day. Tickets and Shares are now selling in a variety of numbers and very rapidly, at TEN DOLLARS and a half each, for a short time at
G. & R. WAITE'S Truly Fortunate LOTTERY-OFFICE, corner of MARKET and CHARLES-STREETS, BALTIMORE. The grandeur of the scheme of the above Lottery, together with an assurance from the Managers that it will positively commence drawing on the 31st day of December next, have been a sufficient inducement for the subscribers to come to the city of Baltimore for the express purpose of facilitating the sale of the tickets.
G. & R. Waite. One of the above firm will personally attend the drawing daily, to take down the numbers correctly, as will also one of their clerks. The next New-York Lottery will not commence drawing till April next—tickets of which Lottery may be had at Waite's offices, No. 64 and No. 38, Maiden Lane New-York. Distant adventurers, accompanying their orders with bank notes of any description to either of Waite's offices, in New-York or Baltimore, may have Tickets and Shares forwarded to any amount with the utmost punctuality, and the earliest advice sent them of their success. All prizes sold by G. and R. Waite, will be paid by them. Tickets in the above Lottery are to be had at J. March's book-store, George-Town, where the prize list will be regularly received. October 13.
PUBLIC SALE. On SATURDAY, the 19th day of December next, will be offered for sale, on the premises, A N elegant SQUARE OF GROUND, situate adjoining the Spring Garden and handsomely enclosed. The terms of sale will be one third in four months, one third in eight months, and the remaining third in 12 months. Beale Howard. November 19.
This is to give Notice, That the subscribers, of George-Town, in the district of Columbia, have obtained from the orphan's court of Washington county, in the district of Columbia, letters testamentary on the personal estate of George Lee, Esq. late of Washington county aforesaid, deceased—All persons having claims against the said deceased, are hereby warned to exhibit the same, with the vouchers thereof, to the subscribers, on or before the 26th day of April next, they may by law be excluded from all benefit of the said estate. Given under our hands the 26th day of October, 1807. NICHOLAS LINGAN, JNO. R. MAGRUDER, jun. } Ex'rs. All those indebted to the estate are desired to make payment without delay. N. L. J. R. M. jun. } Ex'rs. October 28. [Nov. 26] 2aw3w*
NOTICE. At a meeting of the President and Directors of the Little River Turnpike Company, on the 21st November. 1807, Ordered, That the Stockholders on the additional shares do make a fifth payment to the Treasurer of the Company of Ten Dollars on each share by them respectively subscribed, on or before the 25th day of December next. Notice is also given, That the Directors will meet at Gadsby's hotel, in the town of Alexandria, on the 15th of December next, to receive proposals for making two miles of the Little River Turnpike Road, in the course of the ensuing year. Jonah Thompson, Treasurer. November 24. 3taw20thDec
A French and English Gazette. To Amateurs of the French Language. WE are authorised to announce to the Public, and more especially to American Ladies and Gentlemen, (for whom this new establishment is adapted) that L'Ora- L'Ora- cle , a French and English Gazette, printed three times a week, in Charleston, South-Carolina, will be published daily on the first of January, 1808, in the city of New-York. A book of subscription is opened at this Office and at Mr. Gadsby's Coffee-House. Subscribers pay Nine Dollars per annum, and only Eight Dollars, if paid in advance. The establishment will prove very beneficial both to Amateurs and Pupils of the French or English languages. The Editor and Proprietor is Mr. Negrin, who is on his way from here to New-York, forming his correspondence. November 23.
Robert Gray, Bookseller, King-street, Alexandria, has lately received for sale the following Articles. Reeves's water colors, in boxes, containing from six to eighteen colors; ladies' japan dressing cases; japan ink-chests; durable ink for marking linen; superfine warranted black lead pencils; pounce and pounce boxes, camels' hair pencils for drawing; superfine red sealing wax; india ink; parchment; violin strings, bows and bridges; German flutes; one well finished clarinet; one hautboy; instructions for flute and violin; tooth powder and brushes; red military feathers; black do. with red tops; pocket thermometers; mathematical instruments; writing and wrapping paper; quills; wafers; bonnet boards; fullers' press boards, &c. &c. Also the following late Publications. Warren's American revolution, 3 vols. oct. Mease's geological view of the U. States. Mrs. Opie's simple tales, 2 vols. 12 mo. boards. Notice of St. Dominick, by Miss Owen-son. Margareta, by a young lady of Philadel- Domestic Cookery; Murphy's life of Gar- rick; Steuben's military discipline; Azani's maritime law; pieces of Irish history, by W. J. Mac Nevan, &c.
For sale by the dozen, Schoo's bibles and testaments; Scott's lessons; Murray's English reader; introduction to reading; Columbian orator; looking-glass for the mind; Philadelphia latin grammars; school dictionaries assorted; spelling-books; primers; slates; playing and message cards; ink-powder; bonnet boards, &c. &c. ON HAND, A large stock of ready-made blank books, of various sizes; blank account books ruled and bound to any given pattern, at a short notice. October 5.
Joseph H. Mandeville, KING-STREET, NEAR THE RIVER Has for Sale,  Muscovado SUGAR in hds. bbls. various qualities Loaf and Lump do. in bbls. 200 barrels inspected HERRINGS COFFEE in bags MOLASSES in hds. Imperial Old Hyson Young Hyson, } TEAS Hyson Skin and Souchong Port Madeira Claret Sherry Lisbon and Malaga Cognac and Spanish Brandy Jamaica Antigua Windward Island and } RUM New-England Rye Whiskey in barrels Cherry Bounce in do. Salt, coarse and fine Pepper, Pimento, Snuff, Chewing Tobacco, Segars, Mould and Dipped Candles, Soap, Copperas, Madder, Wrapping Paper, Rice, Chocolate, Philadelphia Porter, Havana Honey. ALSO, A constant supply of best Flour for family use. October 27.
To Parents, Guardians, & Teachers. JUST PUBLISHED, BY COTTON AND STEWART, ALEXANDRIA.  MAVOR'S UNIVERSAL SPELLING-BOOK, Accompanied by a progressive series of Easy and Familiar Lessons. Intended as an Introduction to the first Elements of the English Language. THE AUTHOR'S PREFACE.
NOTWITHSTANDING the vast number of introductory books for children in the Nursery, which have been written within these few years by persons of distinguished abilities and sanctioned with their names, it must still be allowed, that there has not appeared an introduction to Reading, for the general use of schools, that rises above the level of the vulgar, though popular compilations of Dyche, Dilworth and Penning. The superstructure has been attended to with sedulous care, and writers of the first eminence have contributed to rear the fabric of learning, while the foundation has almost invariably been suffered to be laid, by the most task masters and ignorant workmen. The consequence has frequently been, as might be expected from such a procedure: the taste has been vitiased at the very commencement; and it has often proved more difficult to remove error, than it would have cost pains to plant originally the principles of truth. For the neglect we have alluded to, it would be impossible to produce any consistent reason. Perhaps the pride of acknowledged literature could not stoop to an occupation reputed so mean, as that of compiling a Spelling Book. Yet to lay the first stone of a noble edifice, has ever been a task delegated to the most honorable hands; and to sow the first seeds of useful learning in the nascent mind, is an employment that cannot be deemed disgraceful to the most illustrious talents. Bishop Lowth wrote an excellent English grammar, and several men of rank in literature have benefited the public by similar productions; yet it is in vain that grammars are written, if no one has learned to read: it is in vain that the sublimest discoveries are made in any art or science, if the generality of the world are precluded from profiting by them, for want of previous instruction in the first principles with which they are connected. The Editor of the following sheets is fully convinced of the solidity of his inference and the justice of his remarks, in whatever light his present undertaking may be regarded. Humble or degrading as it may appear to those who, perhaps, have no higher pretensions than himself, he cannot think that labor dishonorable, which is so manifestly beneficial to the rising generation; nor has he any reason to fear, but that the candid and judicious will appreciate his motives and his production as they deserve. Our sentiments and our conduct are more influenced by early impressions than many seem willing to allow. The stream will always flow tinted with the nature of its source. A just maxim, a humane principle, a germ of knowledge early imbibed, will be permanent to the last. The first books we read can never be forgotten, nor the principles they inculcate, eradicated. Hence, in the prosecution of this work, care has been taken to make every lesson or say, as far as the nature and intention of the plan would allow, tend to some useful purpose of information or instruction. Even in the more easy progressive lessons, where sense was limited to a single syllable, it is hoped something will be found to please and to improve, nor will this be thought difficult. To tread in the steps of a Barbault, a Jauffret, an Edgeworth, a Trimmer, a Berquin, and to accommodate their labors to the benevolent design in hand, and acquire a little taste and judgment, which any person ought to have with education and books ought to possess.
In short, the Editor feels inclined to believe, that this manual for early youth will be found much better adapted for the purpose than any that has proceeded it; and in consequence he anticipates the kind patronage of Teachers in general. It probably will tend to facilitate their labour, by furnishing subjects more agreeable to the pupil, than the dry inanity of most books of the kind; and it cannot fail to redound to their credit also, by giving youth an opportunity of gaining as much general knowledge as could be crowded within the limits of a spelling book. Indeed it was a remark of the publisher, (to whom British youth are under singular obligations for furnishing them with many valuable opportunities of improvement) when he earnestly pressed this work on the Editor's attention "That a Spelling Book frequently constitutes the whole library of a poor child, unless when charity puts a bible into his hands, & it consequently ought to contain as great a variety of useful matter as the price will permit." The compilation has been formed exactly on this principle. PRINTED DAILY BY  SAMUEL SNOWDEN, (For the Proprietor.)