The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1804-11-24 00:00:00

THE ENQUIRER.
RICHMOND, (Virginia) PUBLISHED BY RITCHIE & WORSLEY, OPPOSITE THE POST-OFFICE...AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM...payable in advance.
NUMBER 53.]
SATURDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 24, 1804.
[VOLUME 1.]
CONDITIONS.
 I. THE ENQUIRER will appear twice a week...During the session of Congress and the Virginia Legislature, either a third paper or a supplementary half-sheet, during the week.  II. Terms of payment FIVE DOLLARS per annum, in advance.  III. ADVERTISEMENTS, from those who do not subscribe to the paper, should not exceed a square in length, shall be inserted for twenty-five cents the first time, fifty cents for each time during three weeks, and for every additional insertion thirty-three cents; long ones in the same proportion.  IV. SUBSCRIBERS shall have their advertisements inserted for fifty cents the first time, and thirty-three cents for every additional insertion. 
Insurance against fire.
Phenix Fire Office, London, May 1, 1804.
THE numerous and destructive fires which have happened within the period of the last years, in different parts of Europe and America, (more particularly in the towns of Liverpool in England, Gothenburg in Sweden, and Norfolk in Virginia,) render it proper to remind all persons who possess property in the United States of America of the utility of insurance.
The Phoenix Office of London, is an institution sufficiently known by the very large and important losses it has paid, in consequence of the extensive conflagrations in the cities and towns of America to such sufferers as have had the prudence to protect their property, by insurance. The Phoenix Company deeply regret that, owing to the expense of officers and continued losses upon the buildings and stores in the timber towns, no re-insurance on such risks can be made at present - but the Directors hope, from the increase of brick and stone buildings, and other improvements of security, that the period is not far distant, when they will be able generally, to mitigate the rates of insurance in North America; and they confidently presume that the promptitude and honor with which they have uniformly fulfilled their extensive engagements, have unequivocally established the solidity, credit, and good faith of the Company.
The Phoenix Company grant insurances upon buildings, goods and ships, whilst in dock or in harbor, from loss or damage by fire, upon the most moderate and equitable terms; and persons desirous of securing their property by policies from this company, are requested to transmit their orders to their correspondents in Great Britain.
Nov. 3. eptg.
BROKER'S OFFICE.
THE Subscriber has opened a Broker's Office, opposite the Union Tavern, and over the Counting-house of Thomas and Amos Ladd. All business confided to him, will be transacted with strict fidelity.
THOMAS NORFOLK. October 3. ef
DATES'S ALMANAC —FOR 1805—Published by Messrs. Davis & Courtney, may be had at the Office of the Enquirer. September 19. eptf
A PETITION will be presented to the next General Assembly, to establish a FERRY from the lands of PETER RUST, in Richmond County, to his said Rust's lands in Essex County. September 15. (Smep.)
ELLIS & ALLAN,
HAVE received, by the late arrivals from London & Liverpool, a very handsome assortment of GOODS, suitable to the season, which they will sell on moderate terms. November 14. (ep 3 w)
BANK OF VIRGINIA.
THE Stockholders are hereby notified, That the Second Instalment on their Shares will become due on the 7th of December, when payment must be made at the Bank. J. BROCKENBROUGH, Cashier. Nov. 14. 3w
WHEREAS doubts are entertained, whether the corporation of the city of Richmond, have authority to appoint a mathematical surveyor, to prescribe and regulate his duties and fees; and it is also doubted, whether a street has been established, communicating from the Observatory on the north-west corner of the old town of Richmond; and thence along the south boundary of said old town to the south-east corner thereof, and thence to Rocketts upon the margin of the river, or otherwise in one continued and direct course; and doubts also exist, whether there be any street established on the north-west boundary of the said old town by the Market-house; and it being deemed expedient that such doubts should be removed, and such streets (if none exist) established.
PUBLIC NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, That a Petition from the President and Common Council of the said City, will be presented to the next General Assembly of this Commonwealth, praying them to explain existing laws, or enact such laws as may most effectually obviate the said doubts, establish (if necessary) the said streets, and authorize the appointment of a surveyor. ANDREW STEVENSON, C. C. C. (Ester 17. eptma.)
FOR SALE,
A Newish Courthouse, on the 20th Wednesday in December next.
182 VALUABLE SLAVES,
Consisting of Men, Women, Boys and Girls, belonging to the estate of Christopher Smith, dec. A. one of them is a valuable TANNER, regularly bred to the business. The purchaser has refused to sell any of them separately, and they will certainly be offered as a whole. No time above mentioned. A credit till the 10th of Feb. 1805, will be given, on the purchase, giving bonds. The approved security, is every interest from the date; but the principal is punctually paid, the interest will be paid. CHARLES SMITH, Executor of Christopher Smith, dec. (Ester 17. eptma.)
IN ALL ITS VARIETY, EXECUTED AT THE OFFICE of THE ENQUIRER.
NOTICE.
THE office of Supervisor of the Revenue for the District of Virginia being discontinued, and the unfinished business of the said Office transferred to me; the Collectors of the Direct Tax and Internal Revenue, whose accounts have not been finally adjusted and paid, are hereby informed, that they are now requested to call at my office, in the city of Richmond, without delay, and pay the balances due to the United States. And those whole lands have been sold in the District of Virginia by authority of an act of Congress of the United States for non-payment of the Direct Tax, may redeem such lands, by paying to me within the time limited, the principal costs and fees as the law directs.
As most of the abovementioned lands were sold in Dec. 1802, the privilege of redemption will continue until December next.
The money received by me for the redemption of the said lands, will be returned to the purchaser, with interest at the rate of 25 per cent per annum on the purchase money, to the day on which it may be paid to me. JOSEPH SCOTT. Marshall V.D. July 7. ep-tf.
Mediterranean Passports.
NOTICE is hereby given, that it has been deemed expedient to change the form of the Mediterranean passport issued to vessels of the United States; that from the 28th day of July, next, those of the new form will be issued at the custom houses to every vessel, for which application may be made on a compliance with the terms prescribed by law and surrendering the former passport of which she may be possessed, if any, in which latter case no fees will be required for the exchange; and that by an arrangement agreed upon by the Barbary powers with whom we are at peace, either the old or the new form of passport will be sufficient to protect the vessels of the United States, from capture until the 1st of July 1805, after which the old form of passport will be unavailable and the new one alone in use.
Department of State, 23d of May, 1804.
The printers of the Laws of the United States are requested to insert the above in their Gazettes twice a week for the space of six months, and the Editors of the customs to keep copies of it posted up in their offices. June, 2.
MONTAGUE COPE AUSTIN.
IN pursuance of a Decree of his Majesty's Court of Exchequer, dated the 2d day of July 1804, made on the hearing of a certain cause there depending, in which James Raven is plaintiff and Daniel Sutton and others are defendants; whereby it is referred to Abel Moysey, Esq. the deputy to his Majesty's Remembrancer of the said Court, to enquire whether Montague Cope Austin, in the pleadings of the said cause named (whose father was an attorney at Peterborough in the county of Northampton, and who was born there, and went first to school with a Clergyman of the name of Lloyd, at Ilkington, in the county of Middlesex, and from thence was removed to the Charter House and in the year 1776 or 1777, entered as a common sailor on board a merchant ship then lying in the river Thames and bound to the West-Indies; and who, previous to his going to sea, when of the age of 15 years or thereabouts, resided at Durham in the county of Durham, and who it is supposed resided, about the year 1783, in the neighbourhood of James's River in America,) is living or dead, and if dead, whether or not he died under the age of 21 years, and if he survived the age of 21 years, then in such case, who is the said Montague Cope Austin's heir at law.
NOTICE is hereby given, That the said Montague Cope Austin (if living) is peremptorily desired personally or by his solicitor, to appear on or before the 1st day of March next, before the said Abel Moysey, and identify himself, or to send such information whereby he may be traced and identified. And if the said Montague Cope Austin be dead, such person or persons as claim to be his heir at law, are desired to come in before the said Abel Moysey, and prove the same, or to give information how they respectively make out and substantiate such claim—and any person or persons who can give information of the said Montague Cope Austin being living, or of his having died, and whether or not he attained the age of 21 years, and if he attained such age, who is or are his heir at law, are requested to give Notice thereof to the said Abel Moysey, at his chambers in the Exchequer Office, in the Inner Temple, London.
If the above Montague Cope Austin (if living or if dead his heir at law) will apply to the solicitor, he may get further information on the above subject, as also hear of something to his advantage. THOMAS & AMOS LADD. Richmond, 11th mo. 14th. 1804.
FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.
NEW-YORK, November 15.
We are indebted to the politeness of Captain Bennet, of the ship Oliver Ellsworth from Liverpool, for a regular series of London papers from the 16th to the 26th of September, inclusive, and Liverpool papers to the 27th. They are ten days later than any advices previously received, and are the latest the vessel brings. It will be perceived, by the extracts we have made (which comprise the marrow of the intelligence) that these papers contain no political event of consequence.
Our Lloyd's List are to the 23th, and from these we have added to our marine department.
Mr. COOPER, the American Rofcius, is a passenger in the Oliver Ellsworth. Captain Bennet has performed his voyage from this port to Liverpool and back in 91 days. He continued not more than 17 days at Liverpool to unload and take in his return cargo; and arrived here in 48 days, notwithstanding he experienced gales and head winds the greater part of the time. [N. Y. Merc. Adv.]
LONDON, Sept. 18.
A letter from Berlin of the 4th inst. states, that the private correspondence between the Emperor of Russia and the King of Prussia, which had been suspended since the murder of the Duke of Enghien, has been renewed; and that within the last three weeks four couriers had arrived from and returned to Russia, with no other dispatches than his Imperial and Royal correspondence. To prevent the secret agents of Bonaparte's secret police from stopping and robbing these couriers, they travel both in Russia and Prussia, under the escort of Light Dragoons or Hussars. Bonaparte's emissary at Berlin, La Forest, is however, not idle, having attempted to bribe over a young man, lately made
a private secretary to a person high in favor at Court both with the King and Queen, but who, fortunately, was trusted with no other secrets than those concerning the internal administration; this attempt was discovered by the great expense and extravagance of his victim, who is now shut up at Spandau. It is said, that the parents of this young man have made a complaint in a petition to Bonaparte, of La Forest's treacherous conduct, but the answer is easily foreseen. It is observed at Berlin, that the English, Russian and Swedish Ministers there, make a kind of coterie among themselves, and seldom see the other Members of the Diplomatic Corps, except when at Court. Even the Austrian and Danish Ministers are not often visited by them. By the French Courier, arrived at Berlin on the 2d, La Forest received on two banking houses remittances to the amount of 25,000 Louis d'or.
Copies of Bonaparte's answer to the ultimatum of the Emperor of Russia, are now circulating on the Continent. We have not yet received a complete copy of this document, which is couched in terms of the greatest influence and most unqualified malignity. The following outline of its contents will enable any person to form a pretty correct idea of this production.
After stating the content of the ultimatum: After stating that France will not be dictated to by any other power upon earth, Bonaparte asks why, if the Emperor be desirous of war, he does not at once openly declare his sentiments? why he does not commence and justify hostilities in some many way, rather than have recourse to the simily artifice of demanding satisfaction for the violation of the neutrality of Germany, by the seizure and the pretended assassination of the Duke d'Enghien. The answer then proceeds to justify these flagitious and abominable principles, and afterwards insultingly asks, whether the Emperor of Russia would not have acted in the same manner under similar circumstances? It concludes with a remark, impertinent as unprincipled, that it could not be supposed that a Monarch, who felt such a lively interest on this occasion, would not, if the murderers of his father (the Emperor Paul) were in his reach, use every effort to bring them to justice. We hope soon to be able to lay a full copy of this document before our readers.
Night signals have been lately established on the heights round the Essex coast. Each signal is also supplied with a stack of furze, which is to be seen on fire on the first appearance of a alarm. A correspondence will then be carried on by means of different coloured lights, with as much facility as by any other means resorted to in the day time. A cordon of repeating signals are stationed at convenient distances, between whom and the look out on shore a ready communication can at all times be kept up by rockets and variegated lamps. September 19.
The Hamburg mail which arrived this day, has brought information of some facts not known before.
The assumption of the title of Emperor of the French by Bonaparte, has been notified to the Sublime Porte. It was received with some complimentary expressions; but to the demand that it should be acknowledged by that Power, an answer was given, purporting, that it would be time enough to do so when the two great Powers of Europe, England and Russia, should have set the example! This shews pretty plainly that the Porte, remembering the instance of Gallic perfidy manifested in the invasion of Egypt, has more reliance on that very Power, against which France endeavours to excite its jealousy, than it has on the Cabinet of St. Cloud.
France has expressed great uneasiness at the number of Russian ships with troops, which have passed through the Bosphorus. Every artifice which could be devised has been resorted to, to induce the Turks to prevent any more from passing. It is now, however, pretty obvious, that its efforts in this respect will prove fruitless; and that, in fact, these very troops are sent there for the protection of the Turkish Greek provinces, against any attempt that may be made by France in that quarter!
A declaration of War may be hourly looked for between Russia and France; the hostility is completed on the part of England, and the first Russian squadron, consisting of three sail of the line, three frigates, and a cutter, which have been cruising in the North Seas, are daily expected to rendezvous off Yarmouth, where the necessary preparations are made for their re-victualling, &c. On this fact our readers may rely. We have heard from another quarter, that a number of transports, filled with Russian troops d'elue were ready to sail on the first notice, in order to pass the Sound before the commencement of the winter season.
It was reported last week upon the exchanges of Amsterdam and Rotterdam, that Lucien Bonaparte had remitted from Leghorn, Genoa, Venice, and Trieste, to banking houses in Holland, and at Havre, 250,000, to be placed in the English funds under five different names, but that the spies of his worthy brother Napoleon had discovered this politico-financial manoeuvre, and with the exception of six millions of livres, 250,000, Napoleon had counteracted the intents of Lucien, and laid an embargo on the money. It is even said, that two of Lucien's agents have been taken up, and sent to France, and that orders have been sent to Lucien, where Lucien lately resided, to confine him. Another rumour is current, that he had previously made his escape on board a neutral vessel at Leghorn, and failed either for America or England. We do not know what credit is due to these reports, nor whether they be entitled to any. We know, however, from private letters, both from France and Italy, that Madame Bonaparte, the mother, and Paulina Bonaparte, the Princess Borghese, have in vain attempted to reconcile the Emperor with his fans colotte brother, and that the former has forbidden the latter to let his foot not only in France, but upon the territory of the Italian Republic. Even Louis Bonaparte sought to effect a reconciliation, and went as far as Turin to speak to Lucien, but there a Courier from Napoleon overtook him, ordering him to return to Paris. Madame Bonaparte, the mother, and her brother Cardinal Fesch, with the other members of the Bonaparte family, are, however, in hope, with the assistance of Cardinal Caprara, Cambacérès, and Talleyrand, to overcome "the prejudice of the liberal Napoleon" and that, before his coronation, another lenatus conatium will be proclaimed, making Lucien and Jerome Bonaparte revolutionary Imperial Libellists, and restoring to them their withheld rights, and the permission,
privileges, & etiquette, to salute the Austrian & Prussian Princes their Dear Cousins! September 21.
By the Hamburg mail we have received a letter from Paris, dated the 5th inst. which states, that the purport of the orders sent by the King of Sweden to his Ambassador there is, that he shall leave that city in six days, and the Swedes residing there in his majesty's service, in the course of fourteen. M. Signoul, the agent-general for trade, will alone remain there to superintend the commercial affairs of Sweden.
Letters from Amsterdam state, that the Russian Legation is expected soon to leave that place. This is a matter of course. September 22.
The brother to the king of France failed on Wednesday last, with a fair wind, for Gottenburg, under convoy of a gun brig. Previous to his departure he received a letter from his Most Christian Majesty, which is understood to contain an assurance that the Emperor of Russia and the King of Sweden are willing to acknowledge Louis XVIII. and his hereditary claims to the throne of France and Navarre, provided England will set them the example. September 24.
The two important questions respecting the new title of Emperor of Austria, and the violation of the German Empire, have been taken into consideration by the Diet at Ratisbon, and have received such a decision as might be expected from the present degraded state of Europe.
Letters from Spain, with the last Lisbon mail, mention, that after the arrival of a courier from Admiral Gravina, the Ambassador of his Catholic Majesty in France, the Cabinet of Madrid ordered the equipment of some ships of the line and frigates; Bonaparte insisting that the blockade of one of its ports by a British squadron is an infringement upon the neutrality of Spain. It is believed that those Spanish ships now arming are destined to serve as convoy to the French & Dutch ships at Ferrol, or rather to augment their number; and in case they are attacked, such an act will be regarded as a declaration of war on the part of Spain. It was even said at Lisbon, that these proceedings, and this determination of the Court of Spain, had already been announced to the Court of St. James's.
A Gentleman, who left Paris on the 11th, and Rotterdam on the 18th, announces, as a rumour in France and Holland, that the Emperor of Russia has intimated to the Court of Copenhagen, that, in the event of a rupture with France, his Imperial Majesty could not suffer any French agents to reside in the Danish dominions, or endure, upon the part of Denmark, a neutrality that must be injurious to Europe. A declaration nearly to the same effect is said to have been made to the Ottoman Porte, by the Russian Ambassador at Constantinople. Private letters state, that Count Rastomouski, the Russian Ambassador at Vienna, has been recalled, and is succeeded at that Court by only a Charge d'Affaires.
A gentleman, who on Friday arrived in town from the Continent, relates, that an alliance has been actually concluded between Austria, Prussia, and France, which comprises, among other extraordinary matters, the concurrence of the former power to the proposed election of Frederick William, to be King of the Romans, and to the House of Brandenburg being the future head of the Germanic Body. For this concession (to which, it is stated, the Emperor Francis was in some degree incited by the increased influence of Prussia among the Electors, with a conviction of its further increase through the ascendancy of France) his Imperial Majesty, in addition to the hereditary title of Emperor of Austria is to receive a large accession of territory, which Turkey is to be compelled to alienate. The confines of France and Prussia are also to be considerably augmented; but the particulars are not mentioned, nor perhaps as yet thoroughly defined. September 25.
Price of Stocks this day at one o'clock: Consols 57 1-2—for account, 57 3-4—Omnium 7 1-4.
Two Gottenburgh mails have arrived, which have brought the following very important intelligence:
"GOTTENBURGH, Sept. 14. A war between Sweden and France seems unavoidable, for in consequence of the severe observations contained in the Moniteur of the 14th ult. upon the King of Sweden's Notes delivered at the Diet of Ratisbon, the latter has prohibited all French papers from being circulated in Sweden; and by the post from Stockholm of the 10th inst. we learn, that a courier from the King arrived there on Saturday last, the 8th inst. when a Council was immediately summoned, at which it was determined to prohibit all the French papers, and to forbid, upon pain of dismissal, all the civil and military officers from holding any communication with the French Charge d'Affaires, who in consequence left Stockholm on the 10th inst.
The reason of the above mentioned proceedings seems to be sufficiently explained by a fact stated in private letters, received by the last Hamburg mail. These letters state, that Bonaparte's emissaries in Sweden are busily employed in distributing translations in the Swedish language of his late official libel in the Moniteur against the king of Sweden."
Orders were received on Friday at Plymouth for all the frigates to get ready for sea as soon as possible.
Dispatches were received on Saturday from our fleet off Brest, which was left all well last Wednesday. The enemy remained at single anchor, but their van division has been lately painted, and the ships have had all their yards, tops, and bends newly varnished. Several small parties of soldiers have deserted lately in open boats from Brest, and Camaret Point battery, to the frigates of our in-shore squadron. They say, that the troops are discontented with their inactivity; but that the fleets in the outer road have troops on board, and have positive orders to endeavour to push out the first opportunity that offers.
A letter from an officer of one of our in-shore cruisers off-shore ships, states, that on Tuesday last, at 11 A. M. turning towards Flushing, they saw seventeen sail of schooners and jiggers running down under Dutch colours; at 9 A. M. they anchored in Ostend Roads, from whence they were joined by ten other schooners and forty sail of schuyts with troops on board. Seven sail of schooners remained in Ostend Roads, the rest ran for Dunkirk. On Thursday, they all went into Dunkirk harbour, where they judged there might be about one hundred sail of the same sort of vessels, and three prams. The cutter boarded three net-
ral vessels which came out of Ostend; they informed him, that there had been an embargo there for two months, but that it was taken off when the flotilla had failed, and that only one frigate was left behind at Flushing to serve as a guard ship, &c. all the rest of the flotilla had failed of every description. The troops are represented to be discontented with their state of inactivity; they had hoped before this to have shared the wealth of this "proud island of shopkeepers."
It is supposed, from the frequent observations which have been made by Lord Keith and Sir Home Popham, on the state of the enemy's fortifications on the opposite coast, that some attempt is to be made to destroy the flotilla collected in the harbours of Calais and Boulogne. The latter is to be perfectly protected by the commanding heights which form the harbour, as to render any enterprise of the kind on the sea side absolutely impracticable. The same advantages secure it against bombardment. Extract of a letter from the Mediterranean, brought by the Agincourt.
"There are 11 sail of the line off Toulon, with Lord Nelson; and the French have 8 sail of the line, in perfect readiness for sea; which occasionally come out, when our ships are at a distance off the shore. The infirm state of his Lordship's health, it is confidently believed, in the fleet, will cause him to return to England immediately, in the Medusa frigate, Captain Gort. The Russians, it is suspected, intend to send a force into Naples. Genoa is so closely blockaded by the English, that no vessel can come out without being captured. We keep a ship of the line in Naples Bay to watch the movements of the French, who are not far distant from that neighbourhood. The Straits of Messina and that coast, are guarded by five frigates, under the command of Captain Catherer of the Union, to prevent the French taking possession of Sicily."
According to letters which are stated to have been received from our blockading squadron off the Texel, the Batavian squadron in that port lately have indicated something of a disposition to put to sea. For nearly ten days all the officers were strictly commanded to keep on board their respective ships, and expected to sail as soon as an opportunity presented itself. The Dutch ships were represented by the captain of a Prussian ship, who was spoken by our cruisers, as being victualled for 6 months; and hence an idea was entertained that they were to proceed on some distant expedition. The number of ships ready for sea, the same Captain stated to be six ships of the line, four frigates, and a few smaller vessels. The land troops on board were not more than 5000 men. These forces have, however, been so often repeated, that little credit can be attached to them.
A Glasgow gentleman on his arrival at Frankfort 1st September, 1804, writes home to his correspondents:—"On my journey through Hanover I met with several regiments marching towards the Elbe. As far as I could learn, it is supposed that their intention is to block up the passage of British goods from Hamburg and Lubeck, into the interior of Germany, and force even go so far as to say, that they are to take possession of Mecklenburg, by which, if they succeeded, a final stop will be put to the exporting of goods from these quarters." September 26.
We become more and more convinced that the invasion will shortly be attempted. Our last advices from Brest left the fleet of 21 sail of the line in the outer harbour, with orders to sail the first favourable wind.
Answer of the Sublime Porte to the last Note of the French Ambassador. CONSTANTINOPLE August 9.
"The Sublime Porte has received and considered the Note delivered to it by its friend, the French Ambassador. It imports that Napoleon Bonaparte, First Consul, has been appointed Emperor of the French; that the Representatives of the French Empire at Foreign Courts, as also those of other Powers in France, until they shall have received their new credentials, will abstain from all reciprocal official communications, though without neglecting the pre-existing occurrences of the time. The Sublime Porte, according to its usual sincerity, participates with the most intimate satisfaction in every increase of the dignity, honour, and glory of every power with which it has friendly connections; it is consequently notified to the said Ambassador, our friend, that since the reputed bands of friendship and concord between the two powers have been renewed, the Sublime Porte has received with the most sincere joy the intelligence of the late occurrences in France, which, since they lay a foundation for the welfare and tranquility of that Empire, must have a beneficial effect on the general tranquility and security. With respect to the communications, it is admitted that the correspondence on any business that may occur shall be carried on by no non-official communications till the necessary changes shall be made in the credentials on either side. The Sublime Porte will always avail itself with pleasure of every opportunity still more to strengthen and confirm the friendship so happily subsisting between it and France."
The Greek commercial houses, Fronimo, Samourea and Co. Thomer Constatian and Mano, Caché and Co. have stopped payment. Their failures amount to above two millions of piasters.
AUGUST 31.
The violation of treaties allowed by our government, in permitting a free passage of the Bosphorus to the Russian troops; the troops which that nation has successively sent into the late Venetian Islands and the movements which have taken place in the Morea, are not the only circumstances that excite our anxiety. Promising by the ascendancy which she has gradually acquired, Russia has torn from us almost all our commerce, and our vessels (the Turkish) now navigate the Black Sea under the Russian flag. We see it, and can afford no remedy. The situation of the province of Wallachia and Moldavia is not less the object of our solicitude. The province of Moldavia and Wallachia, which by the contiguity of their territory, the conformity of their government, and particularly by the close union of their two Princes, must be considered as one country, for the last thirty years, have acquired a great importance in the politics of the eastern parts of Europe. Since the division of Poland, that country has become the principal frontier of the Ottoman Empire, on the side of Russia, as the land before been on the side of Austria. The invasion of the Crimea and of the Turkish provinces bordering upon the Black Sea, and the uncertain

state of Egypt, render its agricultural produce indispensable to the supply of Constantinople. Thus the lots would compromise the existence of the Ottoman power by the two-fold danger of invasion and revolt. However, if we consider, on the side of the political history of these provinces, and upon the other the present state of their internal government, we cannot mistake that their invasion is meditated, prepared and that it may be carried into effect by the slightest crisis.
PARIS, Sept. 5.
A report was current last week upon the exchange of Marseilles, that the Emperor of Russia has ordered an embargo to be laid on all ships in the port of Odessa. It is concluded from this measure that the court of St. Petersburg has determined to embark all the troops encamped in the vicinity of that place, and who, some say, amount to 40,000 men. What we know for certain is, that our government has received no information of such an event, and that there are not Russian ships enough at Odessa, to carry into the Mediterranean half the number of troops.
Journal des Defenseurs.
It is said that the emigrant Count de Belleval, at present the confidential Minister of Prince Ypulantz the Hospodar of Wallachia, and who has resided here for near six weeks, has, in the name of his Sovereign, demanded to put this province in protection of the Emperor of the French, instead of the Turkish Empire. In the present circumstances, when a certain power is exciting the Turkish subjects of the Grecian church to insurrection everywhere, this may, perhaps, be the only means of preventing Wallachia from those disturbances, which distract the other Turkish provinces in Europe, as well as in Asia and Africa.
La Gazette de France.
CONSTANTINOPLE, July 24.
A ship of 74 guns, one of 50, and two Russian transports, arrived from the Black Sea at Bujukdere on the 14th inst. & then continued their route for Corfu. This is the fifth convoy of the same kind which has passed the Dardanelles on its way to the harbours of the Seven Islands. It had on board 400 workmen and a thousand troops, which will make the number of Russian troops in that republic amount to six or seven thousand. The last reinforcement was accompanied by General Aurep, who is defined to be Commander in Chief of the troops of his nation. Gen. Springporten who, it was supposed, had passed here to take the command, will proceed from the Seven Islands to Italy.
CORFU, July 12.
The greatest confusion prevails along the whole Venetian shore, in consequence of the open violation of the Convention, concluded in the year 1800, and guaranteed by the Allied powers, by virtue of which the towns, Barga, Preveza, Butrinto and Volsina, were to receive particular privileges. In defiance of this Convention, the reflexes Ali Pashas taken possession of the territory of these towns, which has occasioned a general alarm; the inhabitants have applied to the Plenipotentiary, Count Moscheny, but he declines taking any measure which may have the slightest appearance of hostilities against the Porte, with which Russia wishes to maintain the most perfect good understanding. His whole interference in this affair is confined to an application to the Divan in behalf of the oppressed towns. In the mean time we enjoy here perfect tranquillity under the protection of our new Constitution, thanks to the presence of the Russian troops, who, besides the advantages they diffuse by the money they expend, are a restraint on the turbulent and factious. We hope that the anarchical principles that have been scattered among us, to excite the flames of discord, will gradually be entirely extirpated.
DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE.
RHODE ISLAND.—On the 9th inst. the legislature of Rhode Island chose, as Senators to the congress of the United States, general Benjamin Howland, vice Mr. Potter, deceased, and James Fanner, esq. son of governor Fanner, vice Christopher Ellery, esq.
FEDERAL ELECTORS.
VERMONT.—[The choice was by the Legislature] Joseph Wright, Samuel Shaw, Ezra Butler, Nathaniel Niles, William Hunter, John Noyes—6—All republicans.
BEWARE OF COUNTERFEITS.
Several Counterfeit BANK BILLS have lately been stopped at Patney, in the county of Windham. They are principally Twenty Dollar Bills of the United States Bank, payable at Philadelphia, and dated 1799. There are also Five dollar Bills of the U. S. Bank, payable at Boston and New-York, bearing date 1801. They are new and not on so good paper as the true bills. It is expected that a considerable number of bills of the above description have been circulated from Putney into the westerly part of New Hampshire, and the northern part of Vermont. [Verm. Journ.]
CONNECTICUT.—The Legislature of Connecticut has postponed till May next, the consideration of the proposed amendment to the Constitution of the United States, adopted by the Legislature of Massachusetts.
NEW-YORK.
The following Resolution for the appointment of ELECTORS of President and Vice-President of the United States, passed both houses of the Legislature of New-York, on the 9th inst.
Resolved, that Sylvester Dering, James Fairlie, Cornelius Bergen, John Herring, Ezra Thompson, Major John Wood, Conrad L. Elmendorf, Stephen Miller, Albert Pawling, Isaac Sargent, John Cramer, Thomas Brooks, Matthias B. Hildreth, William Floyd, Jonas Earl, Joseph Elliott, Henry Oquakenbough, Adam Comstock, and Abraham Backer, be and they are hereby nominated and appointed Electors in this state, for the election of a President and Vice-President of the United States. All these are republicans.
Maturin Livingston, Esq.; is appointed Recorder of the city of New-York.
PHILADELPHIA, November 15.
INFORMATION.—The lead mine discovered on Perkiomen creek, the property of Francis Da Costa, has been lately opened, and attended with great success. The vein proves to be a regular one, and of a long continuance. Its course is NNE, its direction nearly perpendicular, and its thickness from one foot to 15 inches. Two tons of that beautiful ore was raised in a few hours, and one ton more at least, was left in the bottom of the pit, which is yet but 9 feet deep. From the situation of this mine, its nearness to navigation and market, its very commanding height, its richness in metal, and the large scale for its working—it is thought by judges to be one of the first discoveries yet made in the United States.
Table with 2 columns: Material, Quantity. Rows: Oxyd of lead 85, Oxyd of iron 1, Sulphuric acid 13, Water 1. Total 100.
DELAWARE.—The Legislature of Delaware, on Monday last, Nov. 12, made choice of the following gentlemen for Electors of President and Vice President.
MARYLAND.—A gentleman from Annapolis informs that a French frigate of 44 guns arrived there on Thursday, when she saluted the city. She conveyed to this country Gen. Truxillo, the Imperial Ambassador to America, who landed at Annapolis early yesterday morning.
On Monday last it was ordered by the representatives of Maryland, that the resolutions of the Legislature of Massachusetts, proposing an amendment to the constitution of the U. S. be referred to Messrs. Shaff, Montgomery, Chapman, Clarke, Sanbury, Mercer and Stephen.
GEORGIA.—Died, in Tattinal County, state of Georgia, the 11th day of April last, JAMES THOMAS, in the 134 year of his age. During the greatest part he lived temperate and his exit was unaccompanied with pain—he retained his mental faculties to the last—his eye sight was so little impaired that he could read print, without the assistance of glasses, to the last year of his existence. Those who considered his unhealthy climate are requested to produce an instance of longevity to exceed it. [Augusta Chronicle.]
LOUISIANA.
Extract of a letter to the editor of the Telegraph, dated St. Louis, August 18, 1804. The committee of the Upper Louisiana, have been with pleasure the eagerness of the inhabitants of the Lower Louisiana, to unite themselves for the maintenance of the rights which belong to us. Our committee is preparing some rules or local laws to be presented to Mr. Harrison, governor of this territory, on the first of October next. The committee is determined not to suffer the laws of Mr. Harrison to be promulgated, unless they have been previously communicated to them to make the necessary alterations if they require it. The committee expresses a wish for the re-union of the two Louisianas to obtain a representation to congress. The division of Louisiana is contrary to the spirit of the treaty of cession, and the people are determined to appeal to it, as its meaning. N. O. Telegraph, Oct. 6th.
To the Editor of the Telegraph.
Sir, As I find my motives for declining to accept a place in the legislative council, have been misrepresented, be pleased to insert the following letter from governor Claiborne to me, and my answer, in your next Gazette, in order to set the matter in its true point of light. I am, Your humble servant, E. JONES.
[Here follows a copy of the circular letter of the Governor to the members elect of the legislative council.]
New-Orleans, 8th October, 1804.
Sir, I did not receive till within this hour, the letter you did me the honour to write me on the 5th inst., from which I learn that the president of the United States, has been pleased to appoint me a member of the legislative council, for the territory of Orleans; and that my commission is in your hands, &c. As I have not the honour of being personally known to the President, I cannot well imagine to whom I am indebted for the favourable idea that some body must have surely given him of me. Such a mark of his good opinion is extremely flattering to me—and under other circumstances might be extremely acceptable; but in my present situation I do not feel myself at liberty to accept of the appointment. Conjointly with almost all the inhabitants of Lower Louisiana, I have signed a memorial to Congress, respectfully remonstrating against the act made for our government; and humbly praying for a repeal thereof. I cannot therefore with any degree of consistency, accept of an office under a law, of which I have from the beginning to openly expressed my disapprobation; and which for the happiness of my fellow citizens and (forgive me if I add) for the honor of my native country, I so ardently wished to see annulled! When calm reflection shall have taken the place of passion and of party spirit, I flatter myself that my conduct on the present occasion will be approved—I was born an American—I glory in that name—In defence of that happy land which gave me birth, my life and my fortune shall always be staked; but I cannot consent, for any consideration, to do an act, which I think subversive of the rights and liberties of my fellow citizens! With great respect, I have the honor to be, Sir, Your Excellency's Most obedient and Most humble servant, EVAN JONES.
His Excellency Governor Claiborne. Extract of a letter from a gentleman residing near the waters of the Big Beaver, Trumbull county, state of Ohio, to his friend in Bridge town N. Jersey. The particular spot I have selected for my residence, is in Trumbull county, state of Ohio, about 100 miles west by north of Pittsburgh, and 60 south west of Presque Isle, on a branch of Mahoning, which is the western branch of Big Beaver, which joins the Ohio at McIntosh's, thirty below Pittsburgh. This stream is navigable for large boats, till within fourteen miles and from what I can learn, will, in time, be extended to Mill seat. The Cuyahoga river is within five miles of my place, and empties into lake Erie in about thirty; at the mouth of which there is a city laid out, with flattering prospects of markets. The land is generally very rich, the soil is loam, and, when tilled, is black and very light, producing the finest wheat, Indian corn, &c. and for timothy, clover and other grass, I think exceeds any country I have ever seen. The timber is so general-
ly raised, that it requires particular description. It is commonly large, straight and free to split—There are white and red oaks, but a great deal of poplar, chestnut, black and white walnut, shellbark, hickory, beech, sugar maple, common maple, and cucumber trees, all mixed together & growing luxuriantly. The land is generally free from stone on the surface, but in the bottoms and sides of brooks, there is plenty of free stone excellent for building. They are chiefly in flags of different thickness. The springs and brooks afford very clear, good water; and there is every reason to believe the country is healthy. The inhabitants who have lived in the township for five years, have been very healthy. This part is settling chiefly by people from the eastward, and are generally orderly, and well informed, and many of them pious, but I have reason to hope, that there will soon be members enough to form a church; and now is a favorable time for those who with such a situation, to come, there being a large quantity of excellent land for sale in the neighbourhood.
"I have given some broken sketches of my favorite country; and so generally pleased are those that see it, that about 1500 families have come into the country in about five years, and abundance more are coming, but still there is room sufficient. The receipt of your letter gave me pleasure, from the consideration that perhaps God will dispose numbers to come to this fine land, and raise houses of prayer on places lately trod by wild beasts and savage Indians."
CHARLESTON, Nov. 9.
Captain Campbell, from Gibraltar, confirms the accounts before received at Boston, of the prevalence and fatality of a contagious disorder in many ports of Spain. Captain C. left Gibraltar the 8th of October; the mortality then in the 14 preceding days was computed to be 1000 of the garrison and inhabitants. The former were drawn out to encampments; and of the latter, such as had means, had fled to the shipping.
The contagion extended from Cape de Gat to Cadiz, at which place it had commenced. In Malaga, the mortality was stated to be as great as from 3 to 500 per day. The inhabitants were removed out of encampments; lines drawn round them; no egress for those in, or admission for those without. All the ports were shut, and a few American vessels, which had gotten in, were not suffered to depart. Trade was at a stand, and the general produce of the country, Wines and Fruits, could not be obtained for exportation.
The American squadron was off Tripoli except the frigates Essex and Congress, which were watching the Moor—Lieut. Gaddien, of the Essex, was on board of the Minerva a few days before her sailing. The Congress and Essex having stopped there to water.
Price of Produce at Gibraltar—Rice 7 dollars per cwt.; Flour, 12 dollars per barrel; Tobacco per cwt. 9 dollars 33 cents.
Copy of a letter from S. Bourne, Consul of the United States of America, dated Amsterdam, August 30.
Sir—Be pleased to make known through the channel of your gazette, in the form expressed, for the information of the merchants of your city, the enclosed copy of a circular, which I have addressed to the Collectors of the Customs in the United States, and you will much oblige Your obedient servant, S. BOURNE.
CIRCULAR.
Copy of a letter from the American Consul at Amsterdam, to the Collectors in the United States. American Consulate, Amsterdam, July 4, 1804. Sir—The commerce of the United States having long suffered the weight of many impositions on this coast, I have appointed to attend the affairs of the consulate, Mr. TIENO CHRISTIAENS, at the Texel, and Messrs. A. KORFF and SONS, assisted by Mr. WORSDELL, at the Helder, to whom matters of American vessels will address themselves on their arrival for such advice and aid as they may need.
Be pleased to make due communication of these appointments to the captains who may clear out at your office for this port, giving them at the same time the address of Messrs. Haines & Co. American ship-brokers, lately established in this city under my protection, in order to break up the monopoly of that business, which has proved very injurious to the American trade in many points of view.
Your attention hereto will essentially serve the commercial interest of our country, and oblige Your obedient servant, S. BOURNE, Consul of the United States at Amsterdam.
Translated for the Philadelphia True American.
LIBERTY OR DEATH. DECREE.
JACQUES THE FIRST, Emperor of Hayti. Being informed, that the Captains of American vessels, that arrive in the different ports of our Empire, make a practice of selling their cargoes, wholesale or retail, to small dealers: Considering that the above practice is prejudicial to Commerce, and favors the exportation of all the specie from the Island, we determine to put a stop to it:
We, therefore, decree and ordain the following to be executed in their utmost extent.
ARTICLE 1st. We forbid promptly every Captain of a foreign vessel, arriving in the port of our Empire, to sell their cargoes by retail to small dealers, or private persons.
2d. The merchants established by virtue of our Letters Patent, shall have the sole power to treat for the cargoes, either separately or jointly.
3d. Every merchant, Foreign or Domestic, who shall receive directly, consignments of vessels, shall not sell the merchandise by retails; and shall conform according to Article 2d, with respect to the sale of their cargoes.
4th. The Merchants established by our Letters Patent, shall not treat with the Consignees of Foreign vessels, until the Administration shall have made choice of such articles as are necessary for the army.
5th. Any person or persons contravening the present Decree, shall be fined three hundred dollars for the first offence, and five hundred for the second.
We give notice to and order, the Minister General of Finances, the Generals of Division and Brigade, the Principal and Private Administrators to keep under guard, all who shall contravene the above Decree.
Done at our Imperial Palace, at the Cape the 15th October 1804, first year of our Independence, and of our Reign the First. (Signed) JACQUES, 1.
By the Emperor, DIAGODY, General of Horse.
LIBERTY OR DEATH. DECREE.
Jacques the 1st. Emperor of Hayti. Taking into view, 1 st . Protection, and Good Will that we owe to Foreigners, who transact
commercial concerns with us; and who, instead of occupying themselves with their commerce, and respecting the laws of the country with which they deal, are pursuing the most extraordinary conduct, facilitating the escape of men and women of colour, natives of the country: We, therefore, ordain and decree the following to be executed with the utmost:
ARTICLE 1st. Every captain of foreign vessels, armed or not, on board of whom, one or more persons, natives, shall be found for the purpose of being carried to a foreign country; such captain shall be arrested and thrown into prison, there to stay ten months, and after that time to be sent to his own country, with express orders not to return to the Empire of Hayti at his peril. The vessel and cargo shall be confiscated for the benefit of the Empire.
3d. Every native taken on board such a foreign vessel, shall be immediately shot in the Public Square.
The Generals of Divisions and Brigades, and the different Commanders, are charged with the execution of the present Decree.
Done at our Imperial Palace, at the Cape, the 23d Oct. 1804, first year of our Independence, and of our Reign the first. (Signed) JACQUES.
By the Emperor, CABRONNE, Gen. of Horse, near his Imperial Majesty.
Congress.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
FRIDAY, November 16.
The engrossed bill making farther appropriation for carrying into effect the treaty of amity commerce and navigation between the United States and Great-Britain was read a third time and passed.
Mr. R. Griswold moved for the moved for the appointment of a committee to enquire what further provision ought to be made by law for the encouragement of the fisheries of the United States; the motion was carried; and the report on this subject made at the last session was referred to the fame.
Mr. Jackson moved for the appointment of a committee to consider of the making provision for the application of the money heretofore appropriated for laying out and making certain public roads. A committee of five was appointed.
Mr. Kennedy presented a petition from a number of the inhabitants of Roanoke, &c. in North Carolina, praying a port of entry may be established at the town of Plymouth, referred to the committee already appointed on that subject.
Mr. Findley from the committee of Elections reported that the members who had been returned in the place of those who had resigned or deceased were entitled to take their seats.
Mr. Bryan reported from the committee on the official letter of Mr. Thomas Claxton, door-keeper of the House of Representatives, respecting the admission of chaplains to preach in the chamber of Congress; that in the case stated by him, he had acted with propriety, and they recommended a resolution to the following effect. That no person shall be authorized to preach in this chamber unless by consent of the Speaker or being introduced by one of the chaplains. Ordered to lie on the table. Adjourned.
MISCELLANEOUS.
The year 1804 has been fruitful in the production of Emperors. By accounts from Europe and the West Indies, it has produced no less than four viz.
Napoleon, Emperor of France, Francis 1. do of Austria, Frederick 1. do of Brandenburg, Jacques 1. do of Hayti.
The Surgeons of the Faculty of Physicians and Surgeons at Glasgow, and its neighbourhood, have been in the constant practice since May, 1801, of inoculating, weekly with the cow-pock, the children of the labouring poor of that city and neighbourhood free of expense; and they have just reported, that since the commencement of their charity, they have inoculated above 6000 children; that no instance of death has happened to any of these children, while under the disease—hardly any of them have required any medical treatment—and not a single instance is known to the Surgeons where the small-pox has supervened after the vaccine disease has taken place. London paper.
As we are daily victims of casualties and disease, the mind of man has ever been employed to prevent the recurrence of the one, and to remedy the other. Self love was perhaps, the original stimulus that led to these researches; but it is certainly now, in most cases, a benevolent affection of the humane heart that directs the application of their results. If, under this view, I should communicate to a suffering fellow creature the means of relief, though it may differ from the received principle of the science of medicine, and the practice of physicians in a very prevalent and a very fatal disease, the consumption, I hope I shall not be deemed assuming or obstructive.—Completely to eradicate this disorder, I will not positively say the following remedy is capable of doing; but I will venture to affirm, that by a temperate mode of living, (avoiding wholly spirituous liquors); wearing flannel next the skin; and taking every morning, half a pint of new milk mixed with a wine glass full of the expressed juice of green horse-radish; the complaint will not only be relieved, but the individual shall procure to himself a length of days beyond what its mildest form could give room to hope for. I am myself, Sir, a living witness of the beneficial effects of this agreeable and, though innocent, yet powerful application. P. (U. S. Gaz.)
PRETENDED DAUPHIN OF FRANCE.
The following account of a person, who had obtained considerable credit in France, as the son of Louis XVI. is given in Kotzebue's Journey from Berlin to Paris.
JEAN MARIE HERVAGAULT is the son of a tailor at St. Lo, of a prepossessing figure, features bearing resemblance to those of Louis XVI. fair, slender, lively, communicative without suspicion, quickly penetrating, and feigning innocence in a masterly manner; of course a person of great endowments, but no education. He is supposed to be a natural son of the late Duke of Valentinois, who possessed estates in Normandy. The strange events of the revolution disordered his senses; he saw that many had raised themselves from obscurity, and he wished to do the same. In September, 1796, he left his father's house, and strolled as a vagabond about the country, declaring himself to be the son of a family of rank, reduced to dif-
treas by the revolution. He had, in consequence of his appearance, and the plausibility of his story, every where procured him a favorable reception and relief. He had no passport, but was never asked for one. He became bolder, and attempted likewise to carry on his trade in the towns. He came to Cherbourg, but was soon taken up as a vagrant. His father, the tailor, being apprised of this, hastened to fetch him, and was not a little surprised to find him richly provided with money and jewels. He brought him back to St. Lo, where the brisk young blade did not, however, stay long, but soon ran away the second time, strolled through the department of Calvados; and having improved both in body and mind, he became more ingeniously inventive in his stories than at first. He sometimes passed for a son of the Prince of Monaco, and sometimes for the heir of the Duke d'Ursel in the Netherlands. He thus raised himself, step by step, and ere long made himself a relation of Louis XVI. of the Emperor Joseph II. and of the King of Prussia. For the sake of his safety, which was threatened, he travelled in women's clothes, pretending that he had just returned from England, where he had been taking some money to his emigrant father.
Many, very many people of rank and education were deceived, for he flattered their former prejudices; the ladies, in particular, shewed a decided partiality for him, because he addressed their hearts. His adventures began to attract some notice and he was arrested a second time in female attire, and conducted to prison at Bayeux, at the distance of only ten leagues from St. Lo. His father came again to procure his deliverance, which, in consideration of his youth, was indulgently granted, and the lad replaced under paternal authority. He was now to learn the trade of a tailor; an insufferable thought to his mind. He broke loose a third time.
In 1797, he was in the diligence or stage coach, between Laval and Alençon, very plainly and decently habited according to his sex. Not far from the latter place he alighted, and brushed off to a village on the road side, called Les Touchettes. Being benighted he begged quarters of a peasant, who directed him to the house of Mademoiselle Talon Lecombe for better accommodation. To this lady he declared himself to be one of the family of Montmorency, who had a castle and estates near Dreux, but was obliged to fly from his persecutors. She conceived a lively interest for his situation, and supplied him with money and clothes, which he promised to pay upon his arrival at Dreux. Here he lived for a while much at his ease, acted the part of a man of quality, and presented, for instance, the hostler, who faddled his riding horse, with a louis d'or.
At last he felt himself induced to set off, and Mademoiselle Lecombe accompanied him to Dreux, to get back the value of what he advanced to him. They safely reached the place; but both castle and estate had vanished. Can anything be more natural? Poorer by fifty louis d'ors, and richer in experience the latter returned home. The young hero continually gained in boldness. In the month of May, 1791, he ventured in the diligence to Meaulx, only eight leagues from Paris, and alighted at the Inn, where he, indeed, obtained some refreshment, but having no passport, was refused a night's lodging. The wife of a Paris merchant, Laravine, who happened to be at Meaulx, took pity on him, and permitted him to sleep in her warehouse. This encouraged him to ask further favours, and he succeeded. He represented himself as a rich farmer's son at Domery, who had fled to avoid being enrolled as a recruit, and Madame made a present of four louis d'ors, upon which he hired a place in the diligence of Strasbourg.
About one league from Chalons he disappeared and the postillion in vain waited his return. He went to the village of Mery, and wished to make good his story at the castle of Guinancourt; but being suspected, he was put under arrest, and taken before the justice of peace at Cerion. Being asked who he was, he mysteriously replied: "He had no answer to make such a question." He was sent to Chalons, where, being asked to give his name, he proudly said "you will learn it but too soon." At last he said he was called Louis Antoine Jean Francois de Languerville; that his father was dead, and that his mother, Madame Sainte Emilie, lived at Banzeville, near Pont Andemar, in the department of Eure. It must be confessed that it is impossible to tell a lie more circumstantially.
Confined in the prison of Chalons, Hervagault assumed an air of grandeur, and a mysterious deportment; he tempted the curious, gave significant hints, and in short, ere long it was whispered about, "it is the Dauphin? the son of Louis XVI!" The jailor himself believed the story, and advanced him money. The wives of two merchants of the town Saigues and Felize, were initiated in the secret, which soon spread about; and no one any longer doubted. His figure, his manners—"You need but see him," exclaimed the credulous souls, "to recognize him at the very first look." All the inhabitants of Chalons, of the privileged orders, were by degrees made confidants and adherents; and they all vied with each other in supporting this ill-fated offspring of their kings. His table was daily served with dainties of every description, his rooms were elegantly furnished, with deference and respect; his prisoner was allowed to walk about as often as he pleased, but always in the disguise of a female; in fine his dungeon was, as it were, metamorphosed into a pleasure house.
Meanwhile the persons who were let into the secret were not sufficiently discreet. A word dropped here and there, in the gladness of their hearts, aroused the vigilance of the magistrates; and, after this masquerade was played two months, Hervagault was made to undergo strict examinations. With artifice and jestures that seemed to belie his words, he now declared that he was the son of a tailor at St. Lo. The father was applied to in writing, confirmed the truth of the declaration, and the offender was sentenced to one month's imprisonment. This mild punishment was considered as a victory by those who thought they really knew the secret during the trial they trembled lest the real origin of the prisoner should not escape discovery. In order to free him from the prying vigilance of the police, they abundantly furnished him with money and jewels, and thus facilitated his retreat. He was very well satisfied with the issue, and now began to act his part at Vire in the department of Calvados. Here he made but a few profelytes, was soon arrested again, and with greater severity doomed to two years imprisonment. As the inhabitants of Vire only considered him as a young vagabond, he vied with the most adroit of these two years very loyally, and not his faithful adherents at Chalons continued to support him, on which occasion the counsel Madame Saigues conducted the correspondence. This woman really wished him well, and advised him to apply the time of his confinement to the improvement of his education; but he gave way to drinking, and at the end of two years left the prison worse than when he entered. Madame Saigues herself went to fetch him from Vire to Chalons, into the bosom of his faithful and de-

voted friends. The most splendid preparations, were made for his reception. He arrived, received congratulations, had flowers strewed at his feet, and was treated with the most distinguished respect. In short, the horn of plenty was again most copiously poured out on the tailor's son of St. Lo.
When the police discovered these proceedings, his partisans, upon deliberation, found it expedient to send the Dauphin on his travels. His route, was so contrived that he every where found confidential friends, who, being previously informed of his supposed high birth, shewed him all the respect due to that exalted station. He was once at Rheims, twice at Vitry le Francaise, and often at different little country seats, where balls, concerts, and feasts of every kind, were given in honor of him. At Vitry he was splendidly and conveniently lodged at the house of Madame de Rambecour, whose husband closely followed all his footsteps, waited upon him with the most attentive zeal and served him like a valet. On St. Louis's day a superb fete was prepared for him; it being the feast of the Saint whose name he bore. The ladies sung songs composed in honor of him. In the confidential circles which he frequented they always called him mon prince ! His portrait was handed about as that of the Dauphin, and it was reported that the Pope himself had imprinted a mark on his leg, to know him again by; finally, a letter was handed about from a bishop, in which that distinguished prelate, writes in expression of the profoundest respect for this young vagabond; and by his example, convinced many who were still wavering in their belief. Already was a court formed round Louis XVIII. He had immediately his favorites, and was going to nominate those who were to hold the great offices of his household. Many names of consequence were to be found among them. They all glowed with enthusiasm, and prepared to make the greatest sacrifices. Men of birth and rank deemed themselves fortunate in being able to perform the meanest drudgery of menial service for him. Milers turned spendthrifts, that they might have the honor of entertaining him. It was very natural that such proceedings should not escape the eye of a vigilant police. Fouché was informed at Paris of all that was going forward at Vitry; and a warrant put an end to the farce.
But even when taken into custody, Hervagault conducted himself with a loftiness and dignity that struck all present with a dubious awe. His most downcast confidants surrounded him with the most heartfelt reverence; one of them, highly moved, begged leave to embrace him, and the tailor's son negligently tendered his hand to him. The very first night of his incarceration a most splendid feast was given at the prison. Intercessions were made for his release upon bail, but in vain; all that could be obtained was to mitigate, as much as possible, the rigors of his captivity. He was constantly served in the most sumptuous manner, and so accustomed to this high style of living, that once, a chicken, a pigeon, with a salad and custard, being served for his supper, he thought proper to find the fare incomplete, and instantly dashed the mess on the ground. Admet the Notary, called him in his prison, Monseigneur , and was most graciously rewarded with the appellation of " Mon petit page, mon petit valet de chambre damoise ." Thus he aided his part dispassionately, and with an air of the utmost importance. Going to mass, a servant carried his prayer book and cushion. He appointed a Secretary, and made him sign in his name, that of Louis Charles. Where a man hears a great name, said he to the Justices, he is sure to be exposed to persecution. The Mayor of Vitry, owing to the great concourse of people, found himself, at last, under the necessity of putting him under closer confinement, and, at the same time, intercepted the enormous supplies of wine and good victuals sent for his use. No person, but those absolutely to attend him, was permitted admission without a ticket.
Meanwhile, his offence was by no means considered in a political view, but merely as a matter belonging to the correctional police, to the enquiry and punishment of which he was accordingly left. Madame Saïgnes was likewise taken up as his accomplice; but, there being no proof to convict her, she was acquitted in consequence. Hervagault, in the beginning of the year 1802, was sentenced to 4 years imprisonment as a sharper and abuser of the credulity of the people, and confined accordingly in the house of correction at Orléans. Both the delinquent and the Attorney General, though upon different grounds appealed against this sentence to the Government.
The matter was now to be treated at Rheims, when a new and very important actor suddenly burst upon the scene of this tragicomedy. There the late L. de S——, Bishop de V——, remarkable for his integrity, universally respected for the austerity of his manner, and his profound learning, expressed his conviction, that Hervagault was the real and genuine Dauphin. He had even spoke to the fugitives that had anatomized the corpse of the pretended Dauphin in the Temple, who had informed him it was not that of the real one. He resolved upon freeing his young Monarch from the chains of captivity, lent out considerable sums to effect this purpose, abandoned the very functions of his office, came to Rheims, corresponded with the prisoner by means of the keeper of the jail, and thought himself sure of his being the identical person. The Dauphin's death appeared to him a mere political lie of the National Convention. He even thought it his duty to give to the neglected Prince a good education, and endeavoured to accomplish this end with the purest and sincerest intentions. He sent him amongst other works, one day Le Geni du Christianisme , by Chateaubriant, and the tragedy of Athalia; upon which he received, to his surprise, this answer; "Do you mock me? All this I know by heart."
All the fears of the prelate were, left the object of his care should be sentenced to transportation. To prevent this, he strained every nerve, and made use of the interest of every friend he could command in Paris; he drew up a list of those persons to whom he intended to entrust the fate of the Dauphin. In it were found, amongst others, the names of Brillac, Necker, Madame de Staël, Montefalcon, Roque-lauré, Augouleme, Talleyrand, Puy de Segur, Boufflers, La Harpe, &c. Some believed him, some did not; some called him a Blondel, some a Job. The correspondence was carried on in cyphers; it even went so far that the project was formed to marry the Dauphin with a distant relation of the royal family. Hervagault at first seemed to wave the proposal, for he had according to his own account, sworn the oath of fidelity and affection to the Queen of Portugal's most amiable sister; but, from political movements he yielded, and it was resolved to make him a man of his service.
But ere these negotiations could possibly ripen, the trial before the criminal tribunal at Rheims was once more publicly revived, and that in the presence of a numerous multitude of people who all were in favour of the accused, loudly murmured against the prosecuting Attorney General, and with enthusiastic fervor, applauded the official defender of Hervagault. The Judges, however, would not suffer themselves to be misguided, and confirmed the original sentence. While they were deliberating on the subject in another room, the most painful
anxiety was depicted in the countenance of every spectator in court. Hervagault heard his sentence with composure, with a smile of contempt; and his partisans, instead of giving credit to the juridical decision, obstinately persevered in their former preconceived opinion. They continued to wait on him with royal service in the place of his detention. He had by him, amongst other effects, a silver cup, on which the letters L. C. (Louis Charles) engraved and decorated with an antique French crown. This he pretended to the jailor was his cypher. None of his adherents deserted his cause; on the contrary, their zeal redoubled, and the venerable Bishop of V——, always headed them. Nay, the latter did not confine his zeal to presents and good advice, he even resolved most actively to exert himself; and being informed that it was intended to bring his illustrious pupil from Rheims to Soissons, he determined to rescue him on the road from the hands of his prosecutors. This youthful project of an old head was betrayed: the Bishop and his papers were seized; and it evidently appeared upon proof, that it was his intention to make the tailor's son of St. Lo act the part of the Dauphin. The government, however, had compassion on the hoary dotard, and gave him his liberty. Hervagault himself had fared better, if the least prospect of amendment had appeared in his conduct; but as he formed another junto of partisans at Soissons, it was thought proper to make him disappear.
ENQUIRER.
RICHMOND: SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 24, 1804.
PROGRESS OF IMPROVEMENT.
NO. 1.
There is a regular & natural progress in the population & improvement of an agricultural country, which the experience of almost every nation has destined to exhibit: Particular causes may indeed reverse this order. An ignorant or a designing government may create insurmountable obstacles to its attainment, or perhaps the indolence or enthusiasm of individuals, may give a new turn to the exertions and destiny of the nation. Yet still this is the regular and natural course. It is a course, which almost every agricultural country has been hitherto seen to pursue; it is a course, which the history of almost every country, from the very nature of things, must be destined to describe.
Tribes of men, like particular individuals, will be determined in the selection of their places of residence, by their peculiar wants and occupations. The farmer will not settle himself on a barren heath; nor will a Jeweller find it to be his interest to display his costly wares in a poor and simple village. Each individual will select that particular situation, which is best adapted to his particular pursuits: And the same motive will operate upon whole hordes of individuals or upon nations. A fishing or a hunting tribe will prefer that part of a country, where their favourite food can be most plentifully procured; the first will select the sea-coast or the margin of some river, where the fish delight to resort, while the latter will inhabit that part of the country where extensive meadows or trackless woods, present them with the objects of the chase. When the nation has advanced to the second degree, on the scale of civilization, the shepherd state, it will experience the influence of new incitements. A change in the manner of subsistence, now produces a demand for new modes of accommodation. They will leave the neighbourhood of woods and wilds, & resort to the rich and luxuriant pastures, where their flocks and herds may browse in security and plenty. Their residence will be varied according to the fertility of the country, in different parts or at different seasons; but at no time will they approach the coasts of the sea, or the margins of their rivers, unless they find there more abundant herbage for their cattle, or unless they visit the settlement of some enterprising merchants, to dispose of their supernumerary furs and hides.
From this general sketch of the hunting and shepherd states of society, it will require little philosophical ingenuity to describe the condition and settlement of the country, which contains such inhabitants. The Landscape which is spread before the eye of the speculative observer, is nearly the same as when it came from the rude hands of nature. No populous towns, no cultivated fields, no elegant country houses, no large vessels navigating the rivers or the sea, give grace and animation to the scene: but everywhere we behold the monuments of the power of nature, her grass-grown fields, her mountains covered with forests, and her woods unconquered by the stroke of the axe. Here & there perhaps our eye catches the smoke that rises from the cottage or the tents of the untutored natives, who without the powers of art, or the attainments of science, are contented with the scanty produce of their hunting or their herds. Such is nearly the physical condition of those districts which are inhabited by the Indians of America & the hunting tribes of Africa: and such too is the condition of the territory, which supports the two most distinguished shepherd tribes on earth, the wandering Arabs and the Tartars of Asia.
But the history of an agricultural nation exhibits a very different, & more interesting spectacle. The cultivation of the earth produces new and powerful relations. The most memorable of these is the relation which is so apt to be formed between the cultivator and the soil itself. There are some nations indeed, who cultivate the earth, that have formed with it no permanent connections; they may change their residence from year to year, and they may exhibit most of the qualities of a wandering tribe. Such was the Suevi, an ancient tribe of Germans, who had not even the right of inhabiting and cultivating a tract of ground longer than for one year; but for which Cæsar afterwards assigns this very satisfactory reason—"neque multum frumento, sed maximam partem lacte ac pecore vivunt, multumque sunt in venationibus;" they live very little upon corn, but principally on the milk and flesh of their cattle, and on the produce of the chase. But these instances are rare, and they rather constitute the exception, than the rule of agricultural settlements.
Very few of those associations indeed, are distinguished by that curious feature which Cæsar has introduced into the manners of the Suevi: "privati ac separati agri apud eos nulli sunt;" that is, they have no land exclusively set apart for particular individuals. Among all such nations, the value of the enclosures and the improvements of a farm, the difficulty of gathering in one crop before it is time to make preparations for another, and those vivid attachments which we are all accustomed to feel for the scenes that we have so often traversed, and in which we have so often indulged the most interesting emotions; these will gradually introduce a more permanent tenure of the soil. Every cultivator will be converted into a proprietor or a tenant.
This first step being once taken, in the settlement of the country, the successive series of im-
provements will naturally follow. Farms will be seen with the various accompaniments of comfortable houses, fruitful orchards, and secure enclosures: the forests will be levelled to make room for a progressive and increasing population: and social villages or populous towns will soon arise to give new dignity and grace to the surrounding landscape.
But it is not every district of the country, which is to exhibit this spirit of agricultural and elegant improvement. The eye will not every where behold the solitary habitations of the farmer, or the clustered buildings of the merchant and mechanic. These would require a continued exertion of industry and art to produce, and it is not at the primitive settlement of a country that industry and art can display their full effect. We must not even expect that those parts of the country will first be settled and improved, which are most remarkable for the fertility of their soil or the salubrity of the climate. There are other causes which are powerful enough to overcome the influence of these advantages, and which will uniformly prefer a different progress of settlement and cultivation.
Every island, or every part of an inhabited continent, must find its first settlers in the colonies of some other country. To preserve as intimate a communication with the civilized world, as their new situation will admit; and to maintain a commerce with enterprising nations, who may supply them with the productions of their own arts, & receive their superfluous produce in exchange, will be the first and most important object of every young settlement. Even when the policy of the mother country does not interfere with their colonization, and force the stream of emigration to fertilize those parts, which are most accessible to its own power and commerce: such will be the interest and enlightened policy of the primitive settlers. But as this communication can be established with greater ease and at less expence by water than by land carriage, it will be the obvious interest of the settlers, first to colonize those parts of their country, where they can most easily enjoy this method of conveyance. It is hence that the sea coasts, and the mouths of the navigable rivers will always exhibit the first efforts of the genius, industry and patience of a nascent colony. Here will the forests be first cleared: farms be laid out, and farm houses erected: and here will the first towns be seen on the map, or rather the chart of the rising nation.
Perhaps another cause may conspire to give this particular destination to the wealth and industry of the settlement. The country, which they have colonized, may have already contained a wandering or uncivilized race of men, who are jealous of their real or progressive power. These will lose no opportunity of arresting the rising settlement. The straggling inhabitants of the frontier who fall into their hands, are carried into captivity, or mercilessly put to death. The fear of this savage enemy arrests the wandering steps of the colonist. It is to no purpose that he hears the most animated descriptions of the richness of the country, which is far removed from his habitation. Fear triumphs over all his curiosity and avarice; and he is obliged to wait until the congregated force or the humane policy of his nation shall have extended its frontier and acquired more valuable territory.
Such has been the history of all the U. States. On the coasts of the sea or at the mouths of our navigable rivers, have the first germs of our population and prosperity been planted; and from them have principally sprung up those numerous hordes of men and masses of agricultural capital, which have disseminated so much life and wealth and activity over the face of our country.
When this primitive settlement has once been formed, the progress of the nation may be easily described. An increasing capital and population extends the frontier of agricultural improvement. More land is brought into cultivation, and new towns and villages are laid out. But population still creeps along the banks of the navigable rivers. Lands contiguous to them are first selected; and there the principal towns are erected. It is not until these settlements are made that the intermediate country between the rivers is filled up by inhabitants. It is then that a convenient communication is formed between the towns on different rivers by roads which intersect the country. These towns are the centres of so many circles, from which the roads diverge like so many radii in various directions.
A new era at length appears in the history of improvement. The country is at length cultivated as far back as the tide water of navigable rivers extends. Here the falls of the river present a new impediment to navigation, and give a new turn to the improvement of the country. If the cultivation of its lands and the prosperity of its towns are materially regulated by its commerce, it is easy to conceive the influence of a cause, which must so materially affect its commerce. A short sketch is sufficient to illustrate the kind, if not the degree, of this influence.
LETTER 2d.
TO THE VIRGINIA LEGISLATURE.
JAMES RIVER CANAL COMPANY.—It was the professed object of the "act for clearing and improving the navigation of James River" to extend this navigation "from tide water upwards to the highest parts practicable on the main branch" of the river.
There are several passages in the act, which countenance this object; particularly its very 1st section, from which the preceding quotations are made; the 18th section, which among the other conditions on which tolls may be demanded and received, speaks of this communication with the tide water; and the 19th section, which authorizes the company to collect the tolls for 10 years from the time of its formation, "in case the navigation shall be opened from Westham to tide water, before the opening of the river above Lynch's ferry." These are the words of the charter, and on them this conclusive construction has been predicated, that the company will not have complied with their contract until this complete communication shall have been formed. It is true indeed that the legislature have granted them a temporary dispensation, and have suffered them to collect these tolls, although the entire object of the law has not been accomplished. But it is still true, that this is a mere dispensation, dependant upon the courtesy and not the duty of the legislature; it does not produce any charge in the real object or obligations of the charter, and they may at any moment recall this dispensation, & require the company to fulfil their part of the contract, in the fullest extent, to which it may be carried. Whether then it be the duty of the legislature to exercise this right? is a question, which not only deserves, but will command their attention during the ensuing session, as a petition will be presented to them for that purpose.
Should the company be required to fulfil their contract, the extent of their duties is too obvious to be mistaken. Hitherto they have brought the navigation of the river down to a certain point in Richmond. They have contributed to facilitate the navigation of the river above the falls by some efforts in clearing out its bed. They have avoided the falls of the river by digging a canal about six miles in length from Westham to Richmond; and through this canal
the batteaux and canoes, which would not pass down the falls, are conveyed into the basin at Richmond. The lowest point of this basin is nearly parallel with the capitol, and with the foot of the falls or the termination of tide water. It is rather lower than either of these, and consequently it is further down than the highest point, to which the tide water can ascend. By this canal and basin, the company have there brought the navigation down, lower than navigable communication for the batteaux into tide water. These boats can neither descend the falls of the river, nor do they possess a navigable communication from the basin into the tide water. It would thus be the duty of the company to form a connection between the basin and the river; and as the first is elevated on the horizontal line to a considerable distance above the other, perhaps 100 feet, it becomes necessary to overcome this great descent by the ingenious intervention of locks. A calculation has been made that five locks will be sufficient to break the descent of the water; and that the erection of each lock will require an expenditure of 1000 pounds, more or less. The entire cost of erecting these works and of providing a communication between the basin and tide water will thus amount to about £ 5000.
Should these works be erected, and this expenditure incurred, let us enquire into the effects which will be produced on the transportation of produce. The produce which is now brought into the Basin, is conveyed in drays for the purpose of exportation to Rocketts, or that point of the river, to which the craft of any burthen can ascend. Each dray can carry one hoghead of Tobacco, and the expence of drayage is 2/6. so that to load a craft which will contain 100 hds. of tobacco, the expence of drayage will exceed 41 dollars; or the expence of transportation will be about 6 per cent on the price of a hoghead estimated at 70 dollars. Should the produce be conveyed through the locks, the expence is evidently less. A fow at 6/ per day, navigated by two boatmen at 9/ per day, can make two trips in the day between the Basin and Rocketts, and at each trip it may convey 12 hds. of Tobacco. With these data it may be calculated that the boatage of one hoghead of tobacco amounts only to 7d 1-2; so that to load a craft which will contain 100 hds. of tobacco, the whole expence of boatage, will amount to little more than 7 dollars, and the expence of this mode of transportation will be about 1.5 per cent on the price of a hoghead, estimated at 70 dollars. The account then will stand thus:
  Drayage of 100 hds. of Tob. 41 dolls.   Boatage do. do. 7 
Saving by boatage 34
There would thus be a saving of 34 dollars in the loading of a craft, which will contain 100 hogheads.
Let the calculation be extended to other species of produce, and a similar if not the same saving will be effected. But the value of every commodity, increases in proportion to the decrease of the expence of transportation. The merchant receives a greater profit in proportion to the diminution of his charges; and the Farmer receives a higher price for his produce in proportion to the increasing demand and ability of the merchant. A communication between the basin and the tide water of the river appears therefore to increase the profit of those who can derive any advantage at all from this communication, that is of all the Farmers who can employ the James river as the vehicle of conveying their produce into the market.
This benefit will be particularly felt by the owners of the coal mines. A great part of the coal which is dug out of the mines and brought down the canal, is intended for exportation to other markets; and this quantity which has been hitherto considerable may still be expected to increase. This coal is now landed on the basin, deposited in heaps, and dried down to Rocketts, when vessels arrive to take it off. Was the communication formed by water, the boats might carry such a heavy low priced article to Rocketts at a much smaller expence, than it can be now conveyed in drays, and it could be safely deposited in pens so near to the margin of the river that it might be easily re-shipped without any considerable expence of transportation.
Objections have been offered to this scheme of communication, which are no doubt entitled to the candid consideration of the legislature. 1st. It will impose an additional expence upon the James river company, and diminish their dividend. Yet it must not be forgotten that their dividends for the last year amounted to per cent; and that their capital is so valuable as to command an advance of 6 3/4 per cent; and let it not be forgotten also, that the reduction of its dividends will continue for a very short time. 2d. It will lessen the value of the property on the Basin, and the forage of private warehouses and particularly of public warehouses, by occasioning new warehouses, to be erected near Rocketts. This event (it must also be recollected) has been denied by others. The rising of the fresher on the wharves and low lands, which is sometimes equal to 20 feet will, it is said, prevent the building of warehouses in such low situations, and the selection of elevated sites, will be occasioned by some expence in the transportation of the produce to the vessels. It is therefore concluded that the deposits will still continue to be made on the Basin and the Canal, and will still contribute to the value of private and the public property.
* An extract from the late Medical Repository of New-York, illustrative of this opinion, will appear in the next paper.
The result of the election in Massachusetts has not yet arrived.
MARRIED.—On Thursday evening, by the Rev. John D. Blair, Mr. PRITCHARD, Bookseller, to Miss ANN WILKINSON, of Hanover.
On the third Thursday in December next, at the dwelling house of the late Joseph Friend, in Manchester, WILL BE SOLD,
All the Household and Kitchen furniture of the late Joseph Friend, and several other articles. Twelve months credit will be allowed, but bond with security will be required.
The subscriber, by virtue of the power granted him by the Will of the late Joseph Friend, will sell at private sale, the house in Manchester wherein he resided, those unimproved lots in the city of Richmond, and four hundred acres of Land in Halifax, known by the name of Colder's Land; to all of which indisputable title will be made.
EDWARD FRIEND.
November 24.
34.
THE GRAND LODGE OF VIRGINIA will meet in the Mason's Hall, in the city of Richmond, at 6 o'clock in the evening of Monday the 10th day of December next.
W. H. FITZWYLLSONN, G. S.
Nov. 14.
NEIL MCCOULL has received his FALL SUPPLY OF DRY GOODS. Nov. 14. ept 17
Sales at Auction.
WILL be sold at public auction, for ready money, on Wednesday the 19th day of December next, the HOUSE & LOT near the mouth of Shockoe Creek, at present occupied, by B. J. Harris, and commonly called the Shot Factory.—The title papers may be seen at any time by applying to THOMAS TAYLOR & Co. V. M. Nov. 24. ept 17.
ASTONISHING INVISIBLE LADY.
THE ACOUSTIC TEMPLE.
Incomprehensible Crystal, and reflecting Mirror, is now exhibiting in Richmond in the cross street leading from the Main Street between the Eagle and the Union Taverns, at the house lately occupied by Mr. Pollard, and since by Mr. Warren, as the Profile-Office.
THE amateurs of science and curious experiments will find in this exhibition the most surprising phenomenon that has ever been discovered in acoustics; the proprietor therefore presumes to flatter himself that the enlightened and liberal public will honor his performance with the same degree of applause which has so uniformly attended it in Paris, London, Liverpool and New-York.
This inexpressible Auricular and optical Illusion,
Which professes to expose the practices of artful impostors, pretended magicians, and sorcerers, and to open the eyes of those who still suffer an absurd belief in ghosts, witches, conjurations, demoniacs, &c. will enable the attentive observer to form a just idea of the artifices by which they imposed on the credulous and superstitious, in this and former ages; and afford also to the spectator an interesting and pleasing entertainment.
Description of the Exhibition.
In a temple, representing those where the Egyptians delivered their oracles, is a small altar, and a crystal (as described by Dr. Dee, &c.) for consulting spirits. From this proceed the oracles for conveying questions and answers. The whole apparatus is unconnected with surrounding objects.
A conversation may be held on any subject—imagining, laughing, breathing, &c. close to the ear of the audience; describing their number, dress, motion, &c. without any visible interference of agency, and so completely deceiving the senses, as to appear to be the effect of magic.
The above wonderful and incomprehensible exhibition, which has excited the astonishment and gratified the curiosity, of the amateurs of science and the public in general, in London, &c. is now exhibiting, with improvements, as above described.
Hours of Exhibition, from 9 o'clock till 1, and from 2 till 6, and from 7 till 9 in the evening. Admittance 75 cents—Children 50. Nov. 4. (ept)
PETER BELLETT,
NURSERY and SEED-MAN, at Williamsburg, intending to remove to the state of New-York, offers FOR SALE, his NURSERY; containing 20 acres of rich manured Land, with about 100,000 TREES, of which 25,000, consisting as follows, are fit to be transplanted this season.
  44 Sorts of Apples at 6d. per Tree.   44 Do. of Pears 1/6. do.   30 Do. of Peach 9d. to 1/6. do.   10 Do. of Nectarine 1/6. to 1/9. do.   10 Do. of Apricot 1/6. to 2/6. do.   3 Do. of Quince 1/6. to 2/6. do.   19 Do. of Cherries 1/6. to 4/6. do.   18 Do. of Plums 1/6. to 2/6. do.   4 Do. of Almond 3/6. do.   5 Do. of Mulberries 1/6. to 4/6. do.   2 Do. of Figs 1/6. do.   7 Do. of Raspberry Bushes 
Lombardy and Balsam Poplars
Currants, Gooseberries and Strawberries of sorts, Grape Vines of sorts, Artichokes and Asparagus Roots, together with a variety of flowering shrubs, Flower Roots and Seeds and Rose Bushes, and a small quantity of Garden Seeds of this year's growth.
ALSO—may be had with the nursery 8 Negroes, 3 of whom are well acquainted with Gardening and Nursery work. ALSO—3 Horses, 5 Steers, 4 Cows, and the nursery and farming utensils, which if not sold by the 1st day of May next, will be set up at Public sale on that day, until which time he will continue to sell Trees &c. &c. &c. on lower terms than usual.
Orders left with Mr. George Greenhow at Richmond, Messrs. John and Sam. Penhew at Petersburg, will be duly attended to with dispatch. Williamsburg, Nov. 24. ept M.
CHOICE LANDS—FOR SALE.
A DIVISION of the famous Saura Town Lands having taken place between the heirs of James Park Farley, Esq. decd. and Col. John S. Farley and his sister Mrs. Elizabeth Morson, the subscribers, Robert Taylor of Norfolk, and Charles Duncan at Roanoke, near Petersburg, are fully empowered by the said Col. Farley and Mrs. Morson, to dispose of their proportion, containing 12,832 acres, which are surveyed and laid off in eight lots, containing from 500 to 2800 acres, agreeable to plots in the possession of the said Duncan. The four largest lots are of excellent quality, each containing a considerable proportion of the richest low grounds, which produce tobacco of the very first quality, as has been experienced by one of the subscribers, who shipped it for a number of years.
Those lands lie on Dan and Smith's rivers, in Rockingham county, on the borders of North Carolina, about 170 miles from Petersburg and Richmond. As there are seldom such lands for sale, they must be an object to those who want to purchase such as will produce fine tobacco, hemp and small grain. One third of the price must be paid in ready money, one third in twelve months, and the other third in two years; the purchaser giving bond with unconditional security, bearing interest from the date if not punctually paid. Those who wish to purchase will be shown the lands by Doctor John C. Cox, living at Leesburg, near Rockingham Court-House, and the terms made known by
ROBERT TAYLOR, or CHARLES DUNCAN. ept
Petersburg, Nov. 24.
MISS ROBBINS,
After making her sincere acknowledgements to her friends and the public, for that portion of patronage which she has experienced, wishes to inform her patrons, that she has removed her School to a house nearly opposite to Mr. Copland's on Shockoe Hill where she can accommodate a dozen young Ladies as Boarders. Nov. 3. ept M.
AN ELEGANT COUNTRY SEAT FOR SALE—IN ALBEMARLE.
THE Subscriber offers for sale, that valuable and highly improved Farm, on which he at present resides. There are 245 acres of land, which adjoin the town of Charlottesville, in its whole extent. The improvements are ornate and considerable, and calculated for a large and genteel family, the dwelling house being 72 by 22 feet. This seat has uniformly been considered one of the most desirable in the Upper country.
A grist-mill, advantageously situated, has lately been erected on the premises, the dam of which is built of stone. Contiguous to the mill and adjoining this tract of land, a large distillery has also been established; the land 30 by 33 feet, is built of stone; and the water, which is remarkably cool, is brought in pipes under ground, but a small distance to the house. The distillery, together with the land annexed, which is of the best quality, may be had with the first mentioned tract.
Propositions by letter or otherwise, will be duly attended to; and on receiving part of the price in Negroes, Cattle, Horses, &c. Public Securities, or cash, the residue of the purchase price will be

The Random, -Series 2d.
No. IV.
ON PARTY.
THE comparative tranquility which followed our revolutionary war, gave leisure to the people of the United States, to systematize and digest those political institutions which had been formed for their government in the midst of confusion...
The republicans believed, that "it was much easier to restrain liberty from running into licentiousness, than power from swelling into tyranny and oppression." The converse of this opinion belonged to the federalists.
In countries where more care is taken to restrain liberty than to check the overbearing spirit of rulers, there will be no parties.
That a factious spirit has assailed the foundation of the union, will not be denied. Liberal federalists have borne attestation to this assertion.
A change extremely favorable to the future peace and tranquility of the United States, has indubitably been achieved. Most probably this desirable state of things will be permanent.
FOR THE ENQUIRER.
A POEM ON CHILTERN MILLS.
YE Muses, daughters of the Poet's brain, Poor meagre Bards, who knew no arts of grain...
Of Celen's race, or Blaze's noble breed; Whose curly sides once lapped against the sun...
EDUCATION. SCHOOL ROOM of Mr. Harris, opposite to Mr. Copland's, an EVENING CLASS, from the hours of seven to nine...
Evenings of tuition Tuesday, Thursday and Friday. The Students who attend are at liberty to devote the whole of the two hours to either of the above arts and sciences...
DANCING. MR. JAMES WARRELL respectfully acquaints his friends and patrons, that his Dancing Academy will open on Thursday the 7th of December...
With to employ a man without a family as an Assistant in my School at the Hot-Springs in the county of Bath, who can well recommend for his sobriety, morality and integrity...
SADDLERY. JOHN McENERY, SADDLER, respectfully informs the public in general, and his friends in particular, that he has just received an elegant and well chosen assortment of Saddlery...
NOTICE.
THE subscriber has in his possession a SORREL HORSE, with a blaze face, supposed to be ten or twelve years old...
THE Commissioners appointed by Law to conduct the LOTTERY for the benefit of WILLIAM & MARY COLLEGE, earnestly enjoin all those who have been so obliging as to aid in the disposal of tickets...
Table with 3 columns: 1. Let this column contain the particular No. of each Ticket received; 2. In this state the No. of each Ticket sold; 3. In this state the settlement which has been made, and with whom.
TAKEN UP, by Shirley Tisdale, living in Louisa county, on the river below the Green Springs; One Red STEER, supposed to be ten years old...
LAND IN AMHERST - FOR SALE. BY Virtue of a deed of trust from Mr. Charles Grymes, the subscriber will sell at the Eagle Tavern, in the city of Richmond, on Thursday the 6th day of December next...
A TRACT OF LAND on Little Piney River, in the county of Amherst, formerly the property of William Wedderburn. It is said that this land is of high quality...
VALUABLE PROPERTY FOR SALE.
ON Thursday the 20th December next, at my store house, 2 miles above Genito bridge, to the highest bidder, will be sold ten valuable YOUNG NEGROES, consisting of WOMEN and BOYS...
ALSO - A valuable DIOMED STUD HORSE, (DIOMEDES,) four years old, upwards of fifteen hands high, and most elegantly formed. From the few experiments made with this horse on the turf, it is reduced to a certainty that he is a capital runner...
NOTICE. WILLIAM JONES of Philadelphia, and NEIL McCOULL of Richmond, being appointed to settle the business of Rofs and Ford, the collection of the debts devolves on Neil McCoull...
WASHINGTON TAVERN.
THE subscriber has taken a lease of this tenement for a number of years, and has put it in a state of repair which renders it not inferior to any in this City.
EDWARD HALLAM. Richmond, September 26. N. B. About thirty members of the next Assembly may be well accommodated, if whom eighteen have already engaged.
Irish Linen and Madeira Wine.
JOHN HENRY has imported in the ship LATONA, captain Thurston, from Liverpool, a few small boxes of well assorted 4-4th IRISH LINEN, purchased in Dublin in July...
Fashionable and Fall Goods.
BARTLETT STILL HAS For Sale, at his Store, FASHIONABLE FALL GOODS, consisting of - Superfine Calicoes, 6-4 Cambrick Dimities, 6-4 Cambrick Mullins, India Book Mullins, India Book Handkfs, India Mull-mull Mullins and Handkfs, plain and figured, laced Cambrick Mullins, 9-8 Colonnade Mullins, Chambray Mullins of all colours, newest patterns, Salmon, Blue, Yellow, Green, Buff, Pink, and black imbroid Cambrick Mullins, damask and laced Cambrick Shawls...
By the late arrivals from London and Liverpool, W. MACKENZIE & CO. HAVE RECEIVED THEIR Fall Goods.
FALL GOODS.
WILLIAM TEMPLE has received by the ship Edward and Charles, from London, an extensive assortment of Goods, suitable to the approaching season. He expects an additional supply...
NOTICE.
ALL persons indebted to the late firm of BUCHANAN, DUNLAP & CO. of Petersburg, ROBERT POLLOK & CO. of Richmond, and DUNLAP, POLLOK & CO. of Manchester, are hereby notified...
THE SUBSCRIBERS
HAVE connected themselves in trade, and will transfer business under the firm of JOHN ST. JOHN & GWATHMEY. They occupy the house below Messrs. Maunsell & Fisher, and next to the Bell Tavern...
THEY HAVE NOW ON HAND:
20 Hogsheads MUSCOVADO SUGAR, 7 Boxes INDIA COTTONS, assorted.
NEAL NELSON, BOOT & SHOE MANUFACTURER,
MAKES BOOTS & SHOES to any pattern or fashion, equal in point of MATERIALS and WORKMANSHIP to any in general use. Imported BOOTS and SHOES, of the first quality and newest fashion, for sale.
THREE DWELLING HOUSES TO BE RENTED.
ONE house at the foot of Adams' hill, and but a small distance from the Matons Hall, lately occupied by Mr. Thomas Underwood...
One other house in the alley between the street leading to Stocker's warehouse, and that leading to Mayo's Bridge, lately occupied by Mr. John Robbins.
WHO HAS FOR SALE,
A light Coach, nearly new, with plated mounted harness, complete for two horses.
WILL BE SOLD,
On the 24th day of November, to the highest bidder, for cash, at Richard Gregory's Tavern, in Chesterfield county: FIVE LIKELY NEGROES, or so many of them as will satisfy the debt hereinafter mentioned...
WILL BE SOLD,
At public sale, at Zachariah Brooks's Tavern, in Manchester, on Tuesday the 11th of December next, 150 acres of LAND, in woods, and of prime quality, lying in Chesterfield county...
VALUABLE LANDS - FOR SALE,
In the county of King William, on Thursday the 29th of November, to the highest bidder, at Frazar's Ferry:
TWO TRACTS OF LAND, belonging to the estate of William Brooks, deceased, and lying immediately on Mattaponi river: one of them containing upwards of 700 acres of high land...
The other tract contains about 275 acres of high land, and has on it a very handsome two story brick house, with 26 feet, with three rooms and an airy passage below, and four rooms and a passage above...
FOR SALE - at Rocketts.
THE LOT, and two story BRICK HOUSE, containing three tenements, which the subscriber purchased at the sale of George Nicholson, deceased.
WILL BE SOLD,
To the highest bidder for ready money, at Goodland Court House, on the 29th day of November next, A TRACT OF LAND, in fair county, on Beverdam creek, containing fifteen hundred acres...
By virtue of a decree of the Court of the United States for the fifth circuit, in the Virginia district, bearing date the 6th day of June, 1804, in behalf of Phineas Bond, attorney for the creditors of Ezekiel Edwards, against David Rofs and others.
NOTICE.
To be sold to the highest bidder, on the fourth Wednesday in December next, at Hanover Court House, THE Seat whereon the subscriber now resides, containing between three and four hundred acres of valuable farming land.
It is peculiarly adapted to a professional gentleman; being within twenty miles of the city of Richmond, six of the courthouse, two of Hanover town, six of New-Castle; and four of an excellent manufacturing mill.
THE subscriber is authorized to rent the house at Hay-Market now occupied by John Heath esq. The house is large and convenient, and may be obtained on reasonable terms.
BILLS OF LADING, SHERIFFS BLANKS, BLANK BONDS, &c. &c. FOR SALE AT THIS OFFICE.