The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1807-04-03 00:00:00

The Enquirer.
PUBLISHED BY THOMAS RITCHIE, OPPOSITE THE POST-OFFICE...AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM... (PAYABLE IN ADVANCE.)
NUMBER 104]
RICHMOND, FRIDAY MORNING, APRIL 3, 1807.
[VOLUME 3]
IN CHANCERY.
In King William County Court, March 24th, 1807.
Edward Watson, against
Thomas Reeves, (an absent debtor) & John Temple.
THIS day, came the Complainant by his Counsel, and the deft. Thomas Reeves, not having entered his appearance, and given security, according to the act of Assembly, and the rules of this court; and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court, that he is not an inhabitant of this country; on the motion of the Complainant, it is ordered, that the said Deft. Thomas Reeves, do appear here, on the fourth day of the May term next, and answer the bill of the Complainant, and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in some newspaper, printed in the city of Richmond, for two months successively, and another copy posted at the front door of the court house, of this county. And it is further ordered, that the Deft. John Temple do not pay, convey away, or secrete any debts by him owing to the other Deft. Thomas Reeves, until the further order or decree of this court.
A Copy. Test, ROBERT POLLARD, c. c. eptm.
March 27.
TO BE SOLD, FOR READY MONEY.
IN pursuance of a Deed of Trust, from Wm. Bentley, Esq. executed on the 28th day of Jan. 1806, and recorded in the Richmond District Court, in order to raise the sum of six hundred dollars due to Ann Berkley with the interest of said debt.
A TRACT of LAND in the county of Goochland, on Beaver Dam Creek, containing 6 hundred acres more or less, it being that part of the Tract of Land formerly owned by Wm. Ronalds, which was sold under a decree of the High Court of Chancery, in the suite Jefferson vs. Ronalds Representatives, and whereof the said Bentley became the purchaser, or to much thereof as shall be sufficient to raise the said sum of money and the expenses.
The sale will take place at Goochland Court-House, on Monday the 20th day of April next.
E. CARRINGTON, } Trustee. J. WICKHAM, } Richmond, March 20. tlf.
TWENTY-EIGHT BARRELS APPLES,
FOR SALE BY WHITE & SHELTON.
March 10. (tlf.)
A SSIZE OF BREAD for the city of Richmond,
from the 6th inst. until further orders (Superfine Flour being 7 Dollars and 34 Cents per Barrel) viz.
A single loaf made of Superfine Flour to weigh 23 ozs. for 4 1 2
Ditto of Common Flour 24 4 1 2
Double the above wt. respectively 9
EDW. CARRINGTON, Mayor. January 6. tlf.
SCOTTVILLE JOCKEY CLUB.
THE Races will commence at this place, on the third Thursday in April free for any horse, mare or gelding—weights as usual.
1st Day—Three mile heats, for the amount of the subscription, after deducting contingent charges—say, about one hundred pounds.
2d Day—The Proprietors Purse, two mile heats—half the amount of the first day.
3d Day—An Handy Cup Purse—two mile heats, for an elegant gig.
WM. ARCHER, Sec'y. to the Club. Powhatan Court-House, March 27. oaw 3w.
SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.
WILL commence on Thursday the 16th day of April next, the Smithfield Jockey-Club races, over the Windsor course.
1st Day—The Jockey club purse, $ 400, four mile heats.
2d Day—Will be run a Sweepstakes, one mile heats, twenty dols. entrance, half forfeit, three horses entered; the subscription left open until the evening preceding the race.
3d Day—The proprietors purse, two mile heats $ 150, certainly; but as there will be a surplus after making up the Jockey Club purse; and which is to be applied towards increasing this purse, the probability is, that it will be worth to the winner one hundred & eighty or two hundred dollars. New-Market rules to govern.
NATHL. YOUNG, Sec'y.
The Subscribers who have taken the management of the course, having taken great pains to put the tract in eligible order, and as no pains will be spared to render the accommodation satisfactory, it is hoped that gentlemen who attend will meet with such fare as will claim approbation—Stableage and litter gratis to race horses.
THOS. HANCOCK, WILSON DAVIS. March 17. 4w.
RACES AT TAPPAHANNOCK.
THE JOCKEY CLUB RACES at this place, will commence on Wednesday, the 29th April next.
1st Days purse—450 dols. distance; 4 mile heats.—Second day's purse, supposed to be nearly equal to the first, the greater part of the toll being given up for that purpose—distance, three mile heats.
Wights as follows:
Aged 130lbs.
Six Years Old, 120
Five do. do. 110
Four do. do. 100
Three do. do. 86
And under 3 years, a feather.
Mares and Geldings to be allowed, 8lb.
A meeting of the members, will be required, on the day preceding the first day's race.
A. S. BROCKENBROUGH, Secretary & Treasurer. (25)sh.a.
March 10.
THE CAROLINE JOCKEY CLUB RACES, at the UNION-TAVERN, Mr. Joseph Suttins (Caroline),
will commence on the 15th day of April next.
1st Day—A POST SWEEP STAKES 30 dols. each, 7 Subscribers & closed. 90 lbs. on each, with an allowance of 3 lbs. for Fillies & Geldings.
2d Day—The JOCKEY CLUB PURSE, 45 Subscribers at 5 dols. each, 3 mile heat.
3d Day—Two mile heats for the Subscription of the Proprietor of the course, with the roll of that and the preceding days entrance, 10 dols. each, free only for members of the Club—to carry the following weights, (Viz:)
Three Years Old, 83
Four do. do. 102
Five do. do. 112
Six do. do. 122
Aged 126
Three pounds to be allowed Geldings & Mares.
PHILIP SAMUEL, Secretary of Caroline Jockey Club Union Tavern, (Car.) March 2. tlf.2th.a.
THE SUBSCRIBERS,
Having taken a lease of the Bell-Tavern, offers for Sale, under the firm of
WHITE & SHELTON,
A GENERAL assortment of GROCERIES, which they will dispose of on very moderate terms, for Cash, Country produce, or approved paper.
ISAAC WHITE. JOHN S. SHELTON. eptf.
December 23.
TO RENT,
THE TENEMENT lately occupied by Mrs. Whitaker, in an agreeable retired situation and very convenient for a family.
Wm. M'KIM. Richmond, March 6. tf.
CASH will be given, for a pair well matched, well broken, gentle HORSES. Enquire of the Editor. March 20. tf.
AS it is my intention to settle in the state of Kentucky, I have, therefore, to request all those who have claims against me to come forward for settlement, on or before the tenth of March, that they may receive payment; and all indebted to make immediate payment, or suits will be instituted immediately.
February 20. ROBT. CROUCH. tf.
FOR SALE,
THAT well known & valuable FARM, on Chickahominy river, formerly the property of Mr. Thomas Watkins, deceased, about 14 miles from Richmond, containing 546 acres; a very considerable part, is valuable swamp land, a part of which is reclaimed, and now in meadow, from which I have been credibly informed, that Mr. Watkins in his life time, cut upwards of 100 ton in the year; there is about 120 acres of the swamp land, now in timber, and could be reclaimed at a very inconsiderable expense, to make it produce at least double the quantity of hay, that has been formerly cut. There is a considerable quantity of cedar, on the high land, and I believe full sufficient to fine the greater part of the plantation in. On this plantation, is a tolerable good dwelling house, kitchen, and a very good barn, with several out houses for the negroes: also, an excellent young apple orchard, of about 300 bearing trees, independent of the old orchard, of 100 more of the best fruit, and about 300 peach trees, selected from the best kind, with a variety of pears, cherries, and all of which are choice fruit. There is also on this plantation, a very valuable mill seat, on which there was formerly a good grist mill, and from information I received from 50 to 60 barrels of toll corn, per annum. Last year, I erected a new mill house on it, with a considerable part of the running year, finished, and for about 100 dollars expense, the mill could be completed. New plantations in this country, possess more natural advantages, as the whole of the meadow can be watered from the mill stream. This farm, is worthy the object of any person who is fond of farming, and can be made as productive as any in the state, for the number of acres it contains. I am satisfied, to any man, who would turn his attention to making of hay, the product of that article alone, would be from 4 to 500 pounds annually, independent of corn and wheat; to any person inclined to purchase this farm, I will give a credit of 5 years, on paying down 1/3 of the purchase money, on securing the balance, by a Deed of Trust, on the premises.
DANIEL L. HYLTON. iaw2w—1stf. March 27.
JUST PUBLISHED,
AND FOR SALE,
At Jacob Johnson's Book-Store, a few doors below his Market, Richmond:
THE AMERICAN PLEADER'S ASSISTANT, being a collection of approved declarations, writs, returns and proceedings in the several actions now in use within the U. States—By Collinson Read, Esq.
Lectures on the elements of Chemistry delivered in the University of Edinburgh, by the late Joseph Black, M. D.
Subscribers to the Lectures are requested to call for their books.
Constantly for sale Writing & Wrapping Paper Blank Books, Quills, &c. &c. March 27. oaw3w
FOR RENT,
And immediate possession given.
A THREE storied HOUSE, smoke-house, garden, &c. on the Basin, occupied the preceding year by Mr. Chancellor H. Saunders. This house is well calculated for a boarding or a genteel private family, having four rooms and a passage on each floor, and two kitchen and two cellar rooms on the ground floor—For terms apply to Mr. Thomas Underwood, jr. at the public ware house, or to Mr. Leander Hughes at Messrs. Shapard and Luckes, opposite the Market.
ARCHELAUS HUGHES. oawtf. January 10.
THE SUBSCRIBER
OFFERS for sale, 500 acres of that valuable tract of LAND, in the North Garden in Albemarle, on the waters of Hardaway, known by the name of Sheppard's quarter; the wood land of which is strong tobacco land, and the plantation in good order for farming, having a good framed Barn, an Overleer & Negro houses on it. There are about 20 acres of strong bottom land to clear, which will produce good timber. This land lies about 20 miles from Milton and Warren, and between the latter and the land, and a valuable wheat mill, it is in a good neighbourhood, and well watered. Mr. Matthew Brown, who lives on the land, will show it to any one applying (or the subscriber) 1500 dollars of the purchase money will be required in hand, and the balance in three equal annual payments, with security on the land. If the above land, be not sold privately before (of which notice will be given) it will be offered for sale, on the above terms, on Monday the 4th day of May next, at Charlottesville, being Albemarle court day, by D. MINOR. March 24. iaw6p.
DRUGS & MEDICINES.
WILLIAM WEST has purchased the stock of DRUGS & MEDICINES, belonging to the firm of Dr. Daniel Wilson & Co. at their Store on Main-street, Shockoe-Hill, where he intends to carry on the business of an Apothecary. In addition to the stock purchased of the said firm, he has just received a fresh supply of articles in that line, laid in for him by one well acquainted with their respective qualities, all are warranted genuine, and will be sold on moderate terms.
Orders, &c. that he may be favored with, shall be promptly attended to.
N.B. Just received a small invoice of patent Medicines, Copal Varnish and Paints. February 6. oawtf.
A GOOD BARGAIN.
FOR SALE.
THAT well known TRACT OF LAND, THE SABLING GROVE, thirteen miles below the town of Abingdon, in Washington county, Virginia, containing one thousand six hundred acres, and including the plantation whereon the late general Evan Shelby lived. The whole of this tract is level; great part of it is equal in quality to any land on the Western waters, has many very fine springs upon it, and a stream running through it, suitable for any kind of Water Works, at all seasons of the year.
As a purchaser would choose to view the premises, any further description of the Land, or of the valuable Farm thereon, is unnecessary. The title is indisputable. To prevent trouble, the price is ten thousand dollars, payable in three equal annual payments. Likely slaves will be taken for any part of the purchase money.
ISAAC SHELBY. Lincoln County (K) Nov. 28. 1st/10m.
FOR SALE,
A CONVENIENT HOUSE & LOT for a private family, it being brick 36 feet by 18, with two rooms on a floor with a passage and fire place in each room, situated on the cross street leading from the main-street to the church; in a healthy part of the city, there being an excellent spring on said Lot, and also a small Brick House 14 by 12 1/2 feet square, well calculated for a Compting-House; which, with a number of other conveniences makes the situation desirable for a genteel family.
The payments will be one fourth cash, and six, twelve and eighteen months, for the other three fourths of the money, the payments to be secured in the customary way.
WM. HARPER. N. B. If the above property is not disposed of at private sale, before the 22d day of May, it will on that day be sold at Public Auction on the premises by Darnall, Foyler & Satchell. March 13. oaw 3w 1/2 2aw 4w.
NEW STORE.
TO BE SOLD CHEAP, OPPOSITE THE EAGLE TAVERN.
SIMPSON MORRIS,
From London, begs leave to inform the public, that he has just imported from London, a large assortment of Fashionable DRY GOODS, fit for the approaching season, which he offers now for sale, on very low terms at the above house, viz.
BLACK and Colored Men's, Women's and Children's Worsted Hose; also, Men's, Women's and Children's assorted White Cotton Hose of excellent quality, with and without Lace Clocks; also, Woolen Broadcloths, Plain Velveteens, Cut Velveteens, Corduroys, Thicksets, Bennett's patent Cord, Toilets; Stockingbreches pieces, Swansdown, Florentine Silk, Black Twilled Sartinet, Black and White French and Bruffel Laces, Fresh new pattern Ribbands, Bandannos Handkerchiefs; a handsome assortment of Printed and Twilled Shawls, Durants of different colors, Common and Fine 7-8 and 4-4 Irish Linen, Fine Long Lawns, Sheetings, White Corded Dimities, Cheque for Aprons, Bed Furnitures, Printed Calicoes, a large assortment of Fine Plain and Fancy Muslin, Cambric, Mullin; also, Real French Cambric, Red and White Flannels, Printed Dimity, Printed and White Quiltings and Marceilles, and a variety of other articles too tedious to mention. December 11. oawtf.
MR. ZACHARIAH TALIAFERRO,
TAKE notice, that we shall on the 29th and 30th day of April next, at the Tavern of Alexander Shields, in the town of Lexington, county of Rockbridge, and state of Virginia, at the Tavern of Bedjamin Pollard, at Buckingham Court-House, Virginia, on the 11th, 12th, 13th, & 14th of May next, at the Tavern of Thomas Calley in the town of Cartersville, in the county of Cumberland, and state of Virginia on the 15th & 16th of May next, and at the Bell-Tavern in the city of Richmond, and state of Virginia, on the 19th & 20th of the same month, (May), between the hours of 8 A. M. and 6 P. M. of each day respectively, proceed to take the depositions of sundry persons to be used as evidence in a suit, now depending and undetermined in the superior Court of Chancery, for the Richmond district, wherein you are plaintiff, and Willis Wills, John J. Wills and William R. Bernard are defendants.
WILLIS WILLS. JOHN J. WILLS. iaw 4w. March 31.
Will be sold, to the highest bidder, on Saturday the 25th day of April if fair, otherwise on Monday, at the dwelling house of the Subscriber, in Henrico county:
A Household and Kitchen FURNITURE, amongst which are, a parcel of very good Beds, Delft, Tables, Chairs, new; Also some Stock. For all sums under 20 dollars cash will be required of the purchaser, for all sums over 20 dollars credit will be given until the first day of September next, on the purchaser giving bond with approved security, carrying interest from the date of not punctually paid. Also with to dispose of, by private contract, the LAND whereon I now live, containing 170 acres, the Land lies well and produces as well as any of our common Land, there is 80 or 90 acres to clear, and very well timbered and lively, there is a very good House with two rooms above and below stairs, whenever may wish to buy will apply to the subscriber in Hanover county. WM. TINSLEY. March 31. iaw4p.
Printing,
IN ALL ITS VARIETY, EXECUTED AT THE OFFICE OF THE ENQUIRER.
IN CHANCERY.
Duckingham county, January court, 1807.
Daniel and William Guerrant (for the benefit of James Rea and others their trustees,) vs.
Smith Tandy & Nathan Ayres. Defs.
ON the motion of the plaintiffs by their counsel, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court, that the defendant Tandy is not an inhabitant of this state; It is ordered and decreed, that unless he shall appear here on or before May court next and answer the plaintiffs bill, the court will then proceed to take the same for confessed as to him, and decree the matter thereof accordingly; and that a copy of this order be forthwith published in some public newspaper of the city of Richmond for two months successively, and another copy be posted up at the front door of the court house of this county.
A Copy. Teste, R. ELDRIDGE, jr. d. c. c. Feb. 24. oaw2mp.
3,000 wt. SALT PETER'D BACON, 1,000 wt. first quality N. ENGLAND CHEESE, 10 gross BOTTLED CYDER, A few buthels CLOVER SEED, 150 pieces PAPER HANGINGS. For Sale by EDWARD HALLAM.
Constantly for Hire—An Excellent Carriage and Horses—apply as above. May 27. eotf.
FOR SALE,
By the Subscriber,
WEST-INDIA and New-England Rum, French Brandy, Molasses, Loaf & Brown Sugar, Coffee and Chocolate, Best Imperial and Hyson Tea, Pepper, Race and ground Ginger, Nutmegs & Cloves, Windsor shaving Soap, Linseed and Lamp Oil, White Lead and Spanish Brown, Yellow Ochre, Patent Green ground in oil, 8 by 10 & 12 by 12 Window Glass, 2d, 3d, 4d, 6d, 8d, 10d & 20d Nails and Spike do. Barr Iron of all descriptions, square, flat and round Plowshares, German Steel, Fire dogs & Skillers, Powder and Shot, Liverpool fine Salt for pork, best Hales Salt for Pork, Saltpeetre & Brimstone, 600 pair Mens thick Shoes, mens fine shoes, boys do. Ladies Kid and Morocco Slippers, Table Linnen and Irish sheeting, Bare Skin, blue and mixed Plains, Patent Cord and Thicksets, Writing and Wrapping Paper, Pale Board, Cotton and Wool Cards, a few barrels Mackarel, Novascotia Herrings, do Grindstones. Also, just received from Boston.
One Piano Forte, and one elegant Piano Forte with additional keys.
The above articles will be sold cheap for cash or country produce, or 60 days note at the bank. JAN. 22. BENJ. STETSON. oaw3m.
NOTICE.
THE co-partnership of Shepherd and Ferguson, is this day dissolved by mutual consent; all persons that are indebted to the said firm, are requested to come forward and make immediate payment, to Abraham Shepherd, who is fully authorized to receive and grant discharges for the same—otherwise, suits will be brought indiscriminately.
ABRAHAM SHEPHERD, SAMUEL FERGUSON. (Im law.) March 21.
THE LAND
whereon I now reside, containing 550 acres is still for sale by private contract and immediate possession given if required. Dec. 27. JOHN KELSO. iawtf.
FOR SALE—OR RENT,
MY TENEMENT in Manchester, pleasantly situated on the hill, which overlooks the Falls Plantation, and containing suitable accommodations for a family—At any time when I may be out of town, application may be made to Mr. Henry L. Biscoe. January 22. JAMES HENDERSON. oawtf.
LAND FOR SALE.
THE subscriber offers for sale, a valuable tract of LAND, lying in the county of Albemarle, Virginia, within two miles of Charlottesville, and five of Monticello, containing near thirteen hundred acres, and is of excellent quality, adapted to the culture of Corn, Wheat and Tobacco; watered by fine springs and bold runs, one of which is emphatically called Meadow Creek, on account of the valuable flat lands it produces, peculiarly adapted to grass, of which kind there is on the tract a large quantity. There is also a Grist and Saw Mill on this land, and almost an exhaustless flock of fine timber; its contiguity to town, renders both that wood and plank very valuable. The land will be sold entire, or in parcels to suit purchasers, and extensive credit given, the money being satisfactorily secured. For terms, apply to the subscriber who resides within a few miles of the land. February 27. GARLAND CARR. (iaw2mp.)
JAMES WORRALL,
HAS lately received a general and carefully assorted stock of Drugs, Medicines, Paints, Patent Medicines, &c. &c. which he offers for sale, at the first corner Rote, above the Eagle Tavern, lately occupied by Messrs. Pickett, Pollard and Johnson. His articles have been selected of the first quality, and will be put up with the greatest care and exactness, on the lowest possible terms. The whole of his compound medicines, have been made by himself, with the most scrupulous attention, to the directions of the different Pharmacopias. Physicians favouring him with their prescriptions, and country Merchants with their orders, may depend on their being executed punctually and with dispatch. N. B. He has lately received from Dr. Solomon's agent, at New-York, a fresh supply of those invaluable medicines, the Balm of Gilead and Anti-Imperatives. November 22. oawtf.
Europe.
From the Boston Palladium of March 16.
In our Foreign Department French and Russian accounts of war operations will be found, of an interesting, though contradictory nature. We have endeavoured to give a full view of certain disputable points; and the reader will use his intelligence to decide between them.
The negotiations between Sweden and France, respecting Swedish Pomerania, (although a partial convention for its evacuation by the French had been agreed to, and in part complied with) remained unsettled; and by the last accounts (Jan. 12) Morier had again taken possession of Anclam, and the country was treated in the most hostile manner.
A report had arisen, from a Lintz article of Jan. 9, that Bonaparte had actually employed the mediation of Austria to bring about a separate peace between Prussia and France. This article also stated as "the most recent intelligence from Vienna, that more intimate connections than ever, were on the eve of being formed between France and Austria, and which, it is said, cannot but contribute, in a most powerful manner, to the re-establishment of a Continental Peace."
A commercial treaty was upon the tapis between G. B. and Russia, by which the produce of the British colonies, notwithstanding all the vengeful efforts of Bonaparte, it was said, would have an extensive and ready market.
A report, which was but little credited, had been received in London, from Holland, stating, that a negotiation was about being opened between Russia and France.
Letters from Holland, received in London, (Feb. 10) stated, that in consequence of the alarming height to which the insurrection in the Russian territories had reached, the whole of the regular troops in that country had been ordered to march immediately. Hessia had been put under martial law; and Gen. Michaud was to take the command for its reduction. That object accomplished, it was supposed that the Dutch forces would proceed to Poland, whither every disposable man in France, or any of its dependencies, was to be hurried.
The Danish press had been put under French control! Several Danish journals having given statements of successes obtained by the Russians in Poland, the French Envoy at Copenhagen complained to the Danish Government on the occasion; and the King, in consequence renewed his mandate of the 4th of October, 1799, which declares, that any of his subjects publishing any statement, remark, or hint, injurious to the interests or wishes of any of the belligerent powers, in any journal within his dominions, such journal shall be suppressed, and the writer punished—The British and Russian Ministers had insisted, in Memorials, that all accounts favourable to Russia and her allies, shall receive the same unreserved publicity in Denmark, as the French Bulletins; or the

his own Bulletins. It would appear from the obstinacy and perseverance of his attacks, as if he expected that the events of that day were to terminate the campaign, and leave him the absolute dominion of the whole of Poland. We cannot account for the silence of this report, any more than that of Bennington's letter, as to the attack made by the French upon Buxhowden's corps. It is narrated to circumstantially in the 48th bulletin, that it is scarcely possible it should not have taken place, and yet we should suppose that so important a circumstance would not be omitted in the report of a commander in Chief to his Sovereign. It is possible, however, that Bennington's corps alone was engaged on that day, and that the French, in order to throw a veil over their disgrace, have intentionally magnified the number of the Russians. If this conjecture be well founded, the Russians might well claim the victory, for according to the bulletins, they had to contend with no less than four divisions of the French army, commanded by Bonaparte in person.
his own Bulletins. It would appear from the obstinacy and perseverance of his attacks, as if he expected that the events of that day were to terminate the campaign, and leave him the absolute dominion of the whole of Poland. We cannot account for the silence of this report, any more than that of Bennington's letter, as to the attack made by the French upon Buxhowden's corps. It is narrated to circumstantially in the 48th bulletin, that it is scarcely possible it should not have taken place, and yet we should suppose that so important a circumstance would not be omitted in the report of a commander in Chief to his Sovereign. It is possible, however, that Bennington's corps alone was engaged on that day, and that the French, in order to throw a veil over their disgrace, have intentionally magnified the number of the Russians. If this conjecture be well founded, the Russians might well claim the victory, for according to the bulletins, they had to contend with no less than four divisions of the French army, commanded by Bonaparte in person.
In the course of Saturday evening, the following Note was circulated from the Government offices:—
In the course of Saturday evening, the following Note was circulated from the Government offices:—
The information contained in this semi-official communication is extremely satisfactory. The positions occupied by the different corps of the Russian army shew, that the various affairs in which they have been engaged with the French since the latter passed the Vistula, have impressed them with no very great apprehensions of the spirit or tactics of the latter. This report also develops a material part of Bonaparte's plan on the 26th, and accounts for the rapid retreat of Bennington upon Rozaw. It seems that two divisions those of Ney and Bernadotte, (mentioned by mistake Augereau) were detached from the left wing of the French, for the purpose of taking the Russians in the rear.—Had these movements succeeded, and that it failed may be attributed to the badness of the roads and the unfavorable state of the weather, very few, if any, of Bennington's corps would have escaped.
The information contained in this semi-official communication is extremely satisfactory. The positions occupied by the different corps of the Russian army shew, that the various affairs in which they have been engaged with the French since the latter passed the Vistula, have impressed them with no very great apprehensions of the spirit or tactics of the latter. This report also develops a material part of Bonaparte's plan on the 26th, and accounts for the rapid retreat of Bennington upon Rozaw. It seems that two divisions those of Ney and Bernadotte, (mentioned by mistake Augereau) were detached from the left wing of the French, for the purpose of taking the Russians in the rear.—Had these movements succeeded, and that it failed may be attributed to the badness of the roads and the unfavorable state of the weather, very few, if any, of Bennington's corps would have escaped.
We are not to look for any events of consequence for some time from Poland. The Russian army would not be in a situation, consistent with the cautious plan upon which it has hitherto acted, to resume offensive operations until the middle of this month, nor will the French we think, be very ready, after the taste of Russian bravery and skill which they had at Pułtusk, to advance much farther than they have already done.
We are not to look for any events of consequence for some time from Poland. The Russian army would not be in a situation, consistent with the cautious plan upon which it has hitherto acted, to resume offensive operations until the middle of this month, nor will the French we think, be very ready, after the taste of Russian bravery and skill which they had at Pułtusk, to advance much farther than they have already done.
[London and Liverpool dates to February 12 inclusive.]
[London and Liverpool dates to February 12 inclusive.]
It was rumored yesterday, that Austria had declared war against France, and that official advices of this important determination had been received by government. It would afford us the highest satisfaction to be able to confirm so pleasing an article of intelligence; but we fear the French army in Poland is not yet so much reduced as to encourage the court of Vienna to assume a line of conduct which must end in a war of extermination with France. However pacific the disposition of the cabinet of Vienna may be, it is impossible that Austria can enjoy the blessings of peace one year longer. If the Russians prove victorious, she must make common cause with them; should they unfortunately be worsted, she will have to fight for existence.
It was rumored yesterday, that Austria had declared war against France, and that official advices of this important determination had been received by government. It would afford us the highest satisfaction to be able to confirm so pleasing an article of intelligence; but we fear the French army in Poland is not yet so much reduced as to encourage the court of Vienna to assume a line of conduct which must end in a war of extermination with France. However pacific the disposition of the cabinet of Vienna may be, it is impossible that Austria can enjoy the blessings of peace one year longer. If the Russians prove victorious, she must make common cause with them; should they unfortunately be worsted, she will have to fight for existence.
The exertions making by the emperor of Russia for the vigorous prosecution of the war are every way worthy the magnanimity of that monarch, and the immense extent and physical resources of the country over which he rules. He has issued an order for the establishment of a militia for the defence of the country, in case of necessity, over and above the regular army. Of the 42 governments into which Russia is divided, 30 of the most populous and the most exposed have been ordered to embody this militia without delay, according to a plan submitted to them. The number of men thus to be armed and equipped, is 612,000; and the other ten governments not enumerated are to supply provisions, arms and ammunition, according to their means.
The exertions making by the emperor of Russia for the vigorous prosecution of the war are every way worthy the magnanimity of that monarch, and the immense extent and physical resources of the country over which he rules. He has issued an order for the establishment of a militia for the defence of the country, in case of necessity, over and above the regular army. Of the 42 governments into which Russia is divided, 30 of the most populous and the most exposed have been ordered to embody this militia without delay, according to a plan submitted to them. The number of men thus to be armed and equipped, is 612,000; and the other ten governments not enumerated are to supply provisions, arms and ammunition, according to their means.
We are sorry to see by accounts from Dublin, that an intention seems to be entertained of pressing the discussion of the Catholic question again this session.—When the Catholic question was brought forward in 1805, we deprecated the discussion of it: we equally deprecate it now, and we shall think it our duty to support the ministers in resisting every attempt that may be made to induce them to bring forward the Catholic question at present.
We are sorry to see by accounts from Dublin, that an intention seems to be entertained of pressing the discussion of the Catholic question again this session.—When the Catholic question was brought forward in 1805, we deprecated the discussion of it: we equally deprecate it now, and we shall think it our duty to support the ministers in resisting every attempt that may be made to induce them to bring forward the Catholic question at present.
It is supposed that madame Bonaparte's return to Paris is the forerunner of Bonaparte's return.—But we hardly think he will quit Warsaw or Berlin immediately. He is at present almost as much occupied with negotiations as with military preparations; every lure and inducement has been thrown out to induce the king of Prussia to make a separate peace. On a sudden his tone with respect to that Monarch and his beautiful and virtuous Queen has changed. We find none of that course and unmanly abuse which he indulged in the first moments of his triumph and his victory; and our readers did not fail to remark the compliment paid to M. de Zastrow, the new Prussian minister for foreign affairs. The mission of Baron Vincent is supposed to relate to peace; and it is added that he has been directed by the court of Vienna to assume a tone of vigour and decision—to state definitively, that the emperor Francis saw the present state of his Polish subjects with just apprehensions; and that nothing would so effectually tranquillize reciprocal fears of his majesty and his faithful subjects, as some proof of the emperor Napoleon's moderation, in acceding to the offered negotiation of his Prussian majesty. Upon this rumour, however, we must observe, that his Prussian majesty has pledged himself not to make peace but in concert with the emperor of Russia, who does not seem disposed at present to enter into any negotiation.
It is supposed that madame Bonaparte's return to Paris is the forerunner of Bonaparte's return.—But we hardly think he will quit Warsaw or Berlin immediately. He is at present almost as much occupied with negotiations as with military preparations; every lure and inducement has been thrown out to induce the king of Prussia to make a separate peace. On a sudden his tone with respect to that Monarch and his beautiful and virtuous Queen has changed. We find none of that course and unmanly abuse which he indulged in the first moments of his triumph and his victory; and our readers did not fail to remark the compliment paid to M. de Zastrow, the new Prussian minister for foreign affairs. The mission of Baron Vincent is supposed to relate to peace; and it is added that he has been directed by the court of Vienna to assume a tone of vigour and decision—to state definitively, that the emperor Francis saw the present state of his Polish subjects with just apprehensions; and that nothing would so effectually tranquillize reciprocal fears of his majesty and his faithful subjects, as some proof of the emperor Napoleon's moderation, in acceding to the offered negotiation of his Prussian majesty. Upon this rumour, however, we must observe, that his Prussian majesty has pledged himself not to make peace but in concert with the emperor of Russia, who does not seem disposed at present to enter into any negotiation.
LONDON, Feb. 12. PRINCESS OF WALES. On Thursday last the illustrious female, who has for many months been the object of calumny, received a formal communication from one of the highest law officers in the state, in which her royal highness is assured of the investigation so long pending having terminated most completely to her honor, and to the entire satisfaction, in respect to her demeanor, of those to whom the delicate and important question was so solemnly referred; and that their majesties, convinced of the justice of the decision upon the case, are anxious to receive her, and to prove how lenient they are of the persecution she has undergone. Arrangements, it is said, had been made for the publication of the minutes of the proceedings before the commissioners, including copies of several letters from an anonymous personage; but, contrary to the most earnest wish and pressing entreaties, of her royal highness, it has been determined, from motives of state policy, not to give publication to the report.
LONDON, Feb. 12. PRINCESS OF WALES. On Thursday last the illustrious female, who has for many months been the object of calumny, received a formal communication from one of the highest law officers in the state, in which her royal highness is assured of the investigation so long pending having terminated most completely to her honor, and to the entire satisfaction, in respect to her demeanor, of those to whom the delicate and important question was so solemnly referred; and that their majesties, convinced of the justice of the decision upon the case, are anxious to receive her, and to prove how lenient they are of the persecution she has undergone. Arrangements, it is said, had been made for the publication of the minutes of the proceedings before the commissioners, including copies of several letters from an anonymous personage; but, contrary to the most earnest wish and pressing entreaties, of her royal highness, it has been determined, from motives of state policy, not to give publication to the report.
CONSTANTINOPLE, Dec. 18.
CONSTANTINOPLE, Dec. 18.
A council of the ministers was held yesterday, and war was declared against Russia. The Ulemas have pronounced it to be just; the standard of the prophet has been hoisted; all the country is in motion; the pachas of Rumelia have received orders to advance with their troops towards the Danube; another army advances from Asia, and will follow the same direction; the grand vizier will take the command and march with the holy standard. M. Talma was to be sent to the Seven Towers; the French ambassador, far from imitating the conduct of that minister, was the first to advise the Porte to send him back honourably. Ten sail of the line are equipping; the press has taken place, and has produced several failures: the two English ships are still before Constantinople; the British minister does not appear to have any instructions on so unexpected a circumstance. It is the insulting proclamation of general Michelson, which has excited throughout the Empire, this general movement: the Turks say that they would rather die fighting scymetar in hand, under the banner of the prophet, than submit to such outrages. The patriarch, a venerable man, who possesses the greatest influence, and the princes Callimachi and Suzzza, have made known to the Greeks, by a proclamation, the incalculable misfortunes which will befall them if they do not turn their ears to the perfidious insinuations of the Russian agents: alternate victims of the Russian arms, of the arms of the Turks, and perhaps of any other power, the country would be laid waste for a century: but the brave have not ceased to exist in Europe; and they will not suffer the vast empire which extends its confines to China, to reign also upon the Bosphorus: the Turks may perhaps, be beaten, but they will eventually be conquerors—they will have a powerful ally, it is this on which we repose our confidence; he will not permit that their enemies should provoke them any longer; that the people whom he has already several times vanquished should destroy the most ancient and most necessary of his friends; already his camp is upon the Vistula; already the Russians, who are in sight of our troops, sufficiently manifest the terror which pervades them; our enemies will be confounded, and our empire will come out of this struggle, and re-establish itself upon its natural alliances.
A council of the ministers was held yesterday, and war was declared against Russia. The Ulemas have pronounced it to be just; the standard of the prophet has been hoisted; all the country is in motion; the pachas of Rumelia have received orders to advance with their troops towards the Danube; another army advances from Asia, and will follow the same direction; the grand vizier will take the command and march with the holy standard. M. Talma was to be sent to the Seven Towers; the French ambassador, far from imitating the conduct of that minister, was the first to advise the Porte to send him back honourably. Ten sail of the line are equipping; the press has taken place, and has produced several failures: the two English ships are still before Constantinople; the British minister does not appear to have any instructions on so unexpected a circumstance. It is the insulting proclamation of general Michelson, which has excited throughout the Empire, this general movement: the Turks say that they would rather die fighting scymetar in hand, under the banner of the prophet, than submit to such outrages. The patriarch, a venerable man, who possesses the greatest influence, and the princes Callimachi and Suzzza, have made known to the Greeks, by a proclamation, the incalculable misfortunes which will befall them if they do not turn their ears to the perfidious insinuations of the Russian agents: alternate victims of the Russian arms, of the arms of the Turks, and perhaps of any other power, the country would be laid waste for a century: but the brave have not ceased to exist in Europe; and they will not suffer the vast empire which extends its confines to China, to reign also upon the Bosphorus: the Turks may perhaps, be beaten, but they will eventually be conquerors—they will have a powerful ally, it is this on which we repose our confidence; he will not permit that their enemies should provoke them any longer; that the people whom he has already several times vanquished should destroy the most ancient and most necessary of his friends; already his camp is upon the Vistula; already the Russians, who are in sight of our troops, sufficiently manifest the terror which pervades them; our enemies will be confounded, and our empire will come out of this struggle, and re-establish itself upon its natural alliances.
[Paris Moniteur, Jan. 30.]
[Paris Moniteur, Jan. 30.]
From Cobbett's Weekly Political Register.
From Cobbett's Weekly Political Register.
SUMMARY OF POLITICS.
SUMMARY OF POLITICS.
American States. —What had been reported to have been said in parliament, upon our dispute with the American States, was noticed in the preceding number, Volume X. page 1007. Since that, some remarks, upon the subject, have appeared in the newspapers, particularly in the paper called the Courier. But, before I speak particularly upon the subject of these remarks, it seems necessary to notice an occurrence of considerable importance, which has recently taken place in the country, to which these remarks relate; which occurrence is no less than an accusation of treason, preferred, by one of the Attorneys General of the United States, against Mr. Aaron Burr, who, as the public will recollect, was lately Vice President of that country. From the accounts which have reached this country, it would appear that Burr, who is a man of great ambition and of talents and courage equal thereto, had formed a scheme, which scheme he was actually preparing to put in practice, for separating the Western from the Eastern part of that immense country called the United States, and to erect a kingly government in the Western part, of which he himself intended to be king.—In this project, viewing it with a mere philosophical eye, I see nothing more objectionable, than the novel circumstance of there being a king of the name of Aaron; for, it is impossible for any man to make me believe, that the Western States will remain, or can remain, for ten years, at the utmost, members of the Confederation. Separated from the inhabited part of the Eastern States (or, speaking more properly, perhaps, the Atlantic States) by an almost impassable wilderness of more than four hundred miles across; having their outlet to the sea by a channel no where communicating with the Atlantic States; pursuing the same sort of traffic as the Atlantic States, and driving a trade to the same markets; under these circumstances, the Western States must necessarily be rivals of the Atlantic States, and the two sets of States must feel, with respect to each other, as rivals for gain generally feel. And, to check the effects of this feeling, there is wanting in America that attachment to country, which sometimes operates so powerfully in other parts of the world, and which has its foundation in circumstances of which a native American has no practical idea.—Mr. Burr may fail; but, I am not the man to say that he will fail; and, if he does, some other man will not: at any rate, the separation must take place, and when it does take place, it will astonish me if that which is now called the Federal Government should long remain in existence.
American States. —What had been reported to have been said in parliament, upon our dispute with the American States, was noticed in the preceding number, Volume X. page 1007. Since that, some remarks, upon the subject, have appeared in the newspapers, particularly in the paper called the Courier. But, before I speak particularly upon the subject of these remarks, it seems necessary to notice an occurrence of considerable importance, which has recently taken place in the country, to which these remarks relate; which occurrence is no less than an accusation of treason, preferred, by one of the Attorneys General of the United States, against Mr. Aaron Burr, who, as the public will recollect, was lately Vice President of that country. From the accounts which have reached this country, it would appear that Burr, who is a man of great ambition and of talents and courage equal thereto, had formed a scheme, which scheme he was actually preparing to put in practice, for separating the Western from the Eastern part of that immense country called the United States, and to erect a kingly government in the Western part, of which he himself intended to be king.—In this project, viewing it with a mere philosophical eye, I see nothing more objectionable, than the novel circumstance of there being a king of the name of Aaron; for, it is impossible for any man to make me believe, that the Western States will remain, or can remain, for ten years, at the utmost, members of the Confederation. Separated from the inhabited part of the Eastern States (or, speaking more properly, perhaps, the Atlantic States) by an almost impassable wilderness of more than four hundred miles across; having their outlet to the sea by a channel no where communicating with the Atlantic States; pursuing the same sort of traffic as the Atlantic States, and driving a trade to the same markets; under these circumstances, the Western States must necessarily be rivals of the Atlantic States, and the two sets of States must feel, with respect to each other, as rivals for gain generally feel. And, to check the effects of this feeling, there is wanting in America that attachment to country, which sometimes operates so powerfully in other parts of the world, and which has its foundation in circumstances of which a native American has no practical idea.—Mr. Burr may fail; but, I am not the man to say that he will fail; and, if he does, some other man will not: at any rate, the separation must take place, and when it does take place, it will astonish me if that which is now called the Federal Government should long remain in existence.
From Alicant, Jan. 6.
From Alicant, Jan. 6.
The Cyrus, Eames, from Boston bound to Alicant, and schooner Amazon, Lincoln, were detained and carried into that place by a French cruiser, in consequence of Napoleon's decree of Nov. 21.—The American Consul had commenced a suit and was in hopes to recover both. The fchr. Belisarius, Wild, from Boston, had arrived at Alicant, and sold his fish at seven dollars and a half.
The Cyrus, Eames, from Boston bound to Alicant, and schooner Amazon, Lincoln, were detained and carried into that place by a French cruiser, in consequence of Napoleon's decree of Nov. 21.—The American Consul had commenced a suit and was in hopes to recover both. The fchr. Belisarius, Wild, from Boston, had arrived at Alicant, and sold his fish at seven dollars and a half.
NEWPORT.
NEWPORT.
[The following are extracts from a letter received in this town, from a gentleman who has resided in London during our late negotiation with the British government, and whose access to the best sources of information render his observations important.]
[The following are extracts from a letter received in this town, from a gentleman who has resided in London during our late negotiation with the British government, and whose access to the best sources of information render his observations important.]
LONDON, January 3, 1807.
LONDON, January 3, 1807.
"We had yesterday the agreeable news of the signature of the convention between the United States and England, by Messrs. Munroe and Pinckney on our part, & lords Holland and Auckland on the other. Our commissioners have had many difficulties to contend with; less perhaps on the part of the British government than of the people. England left almost alone to defend the world, against universal dominion and universal tyranny has found only in the supremacy of her navy, the extent of her commerce and the destruction of that of her enemy, resources to enable her to let some bounds to the ambition of Bonaparte. Whatever therefore would weaken her commerce, unman her navy, and preserve the remains of her enemy's trade and colonies, are subjects extremely delicate at the present desperate crisis."
"We had yesterday the agreeable news of the signature of the convention between the United States and England, by Messrs. Munroe and Pinckney on our part, & lords Holland and Auckland on the other. Our commissioners have had many difficulties to contend with; less perhaps on the part of the British government than of the people. England left almost alone to defend the world, against universal dominion and universal tyranny has found only in the supremacy of her navy, the extent of her commerce and the destruction of that of her enemy, resources to enable her to let some bounds to the ambition of Bonaparte. Whatever therefore would weaken her commerce, unman her navy, and preserve the remains of her enemy's trade and colonies, are subjects extremely delicate at the present desperate crisis."
"A ministry not firmly seated by success or long experience, cannot fail to tremble at the idea of alarming the prejudices of the people."
"A ministry not firmly seated by success or long experience, cannot fail to tremble at the idea of alarming the prejudices of the people."
"If therefore in America, we should be disappointed in our hopes I can freely declare that my expectations are exceeded. All that is necessary is acknowledged, if something yet should be required for convenience, it may perhaps, be understood."
"If therefore in America, we should be disappointed in our hopes I can freely declare that my expectations are exceeded. All that is necessary is acknowledged, if something yet should be required for convenience, it may perhaps, be understood."
"I am happy on this occasion to express my conviction of the talents, zeal and coincidence of sentiments in our ministers here. They deserve our gratitude for they have justified our confidence."
"I am happy on this occasion to express my conviction of the talents, zeal and coincidence of sentiments in our ministers here. They deserve our gratitude for they have justified our confidence."
"I trust that a deed of public benefit will not be judged by us on local motives, and that an ad formed by two of the ablest and most virtuous men of opposite parties will be considered only as it relates to the public good. I am certain that this convention will be little relished in England. In the choice of their negotiators we have been fortunate. Lord
"I trust that a deed of public benefit will not be judged by us on local motives, and that an ad formed by two of the ablest and most virtuous men of opposite parties will be considered only as it relates to the public good. I am certain that this convention will be little relished in England. In the choice of their negotiators we have been fortunate. Lord
Holland, the nephew of Mr. Fox, entered heartily into the views of his uncle. The sickness and death of the latter, retarded the progress of the negotiation, but it has been settled on the principles of his party. A little time more, and that party will be in opposition and the Grenvilles or Pitt party, will be disposed rather to resist than to grant. Let those, then, who may declaim against this convention, declare if they think that a war with England would be more advantageous to us. For this was the only alternative, without the non-importation act existed one month, without the presence of commissioners here, a war would have ensued."
Holland, the nephew of Mr. Fox, entered heartily into the views of his uncle. The sickness and death of the latter, retarded the progress of the negotiation, but it has been settled on the principles of his party. A little time more, and that party will be in opposition and the Grenvilles or Pitt party, will be disposed rather to resist than to grant. Let those, then, who may declaim against this convention, declare if they think that a war with England would be more advantageous to us. For this was the only alternative, without the non-importation act existed one month, without the presence of commissioners here, a war would have ensued."
West-Indies.
West-Indies.
BALTIMORE, March 27.
BALTIMORE, March 27.
NEW GOVERNMENT OF HAYTI.
NEW GOVERNMENT OF HAYTI.
The people of St. Domingo have already disposed of the Constitution which we published on the 4th, 5th and 6th ultimo; and have adopted a new one. The chief alteration is in the executive department. Henry Christophe is elected president and generalissimo, with a salary of 40,000 dollars a year, which dignity is now conferred for life.
The people of St. Domingo have already disposed of the Constitution which we published on the 4th, 5th and 6th ultimo; and have adopted a new one. The chief alteration is in the executive department. Henry Christophe is elected president and generalissimo, with a salary of 40,000 dollars a year, which dignity is now conferred for life.
A gentleman of this city has politely favored the editor with the president's proclamation. This paper, which we will translate for tomorrow, is to prohibit smuggling into the island. Any person, native or foreigner, guilty in this respect, will be punished with death, and all his effects to be confiscated.
A gentleman of this city has politely favored the editor with the president's proclamation. This paper, which we will translate for tomorrow, is to prohibit smuggling into the island. Any person, native or foreigner, guilty in this respect, will be punished with death, and all his effects to be confiscated.
Fed. Gaz.
Fed. Gaz.
TRANSLATED FOR THE FEDERAL GAZETTE.
TRANSLATED FOR THE FEDERAL GAZETTE.
PROCLAMATION BY
PROCLAMATION BY
The Chief of the Government of Hayti.
The Chief of the Government of Hayti.
The numerous abuses which have taken place in the different branches of the government, particularly in the custom-house department, have obliged me to take rigorous measures to repress them. The notices which I have given to these hardened and faithless officers, have not brought them to their duty; and my kindness towards foreigners, who came to trade in our ports, has only served as an incentive to their fraud.
The numerous abuses which have taken place in the different branches of the government, particularly in the custom-house department, have obliged me to take rigorous measures to repress them. The notices which I have given to these hardened and faithless officers, have not brought them to their duty; and my kindness towards foreigners, who came to trade in our ports, has only served as an incentive to their fraud.
It is therefore necessary to adopt severe measures, in order to remedy these abuses, which have deprived government of its resources.
It is therefore necessary to adopt severe measures, in order to remedy these abuses, which have deprived government of its resources.
Consequently, to put a stop to such dilapidations, I do order as follows:
Consequently, to put a stop to such dilapidations, I do order as follows:
1. Every Haytian or foreigner, convicted of having fraudulently endeavored to land or take on board any goods, with a view to avoid the payment of duties, shall be condemned to be hung, and his effects confiscated to the use of the state. 2. Every officer, convicted of having lent a hand to such fraud, shall be condemned to be hung, and his effects confiscated to the use of the government. 3. Every person convicted of having fraudulently embarked or debarked, from one vessel to another, any merchandise, shall also be condemned to be hung, and his effects confiscated. 4. The custom-house officers in particular (and the other officers of the government) are charged with the execution of the present order; and they shall be considered as accomplices in all offences of this nature, of which they shall not inform.
1. Every Haytian or foreigner, convicted of having fraudulently endeavored to land or take on board any goods, with a view to avoid the payment of duties, shall be condemned to be hung, and his effects confiscated to the use of the state. 2. Every officer, convicted of having lent a hand to such fraud, shall be condemned to be hung, and his effects confiscated to the use of the government. 3. Every person convicted of having fraudulently embarked or debarked, from one vessel to another, any merchandise, shall also be condemned to be hung, and his effects confiscated. 4. The custom-house officers in particular (and the other officers of the government) are charged with the execution of the present order; and they shall be considered as accomplices in all offences of this nature, of which they shall not inform.
The present proclamation shall be printed, read, and affixed to the doors of the different custom-houses, &c.
The present proclamation shall be printed, read, and affixed to the doors of the different custom-houses, &c.
Given at the head-quarters, at the Cape, the 30th January, 1807, the fourth year of independence.
Given at the head-quarters, at the Cape, the 30th January, 1807, the fourth year of independence.
The Chief of the Government, HENRY CHRISTOPHE. By his Excellency, The Secretary of the Government, ROUANEZ, Junior.
The Chief of the Government, HENRY CHRISTOPHE. By his Excellency, The Secretary of the Government, ROUANEZ, Junior.
Domestic.
Domestic.
FROM THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER.
FROM THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER.
THE CONSPIRACY.
THE CONSPIRACY.
[Concluded.]
[Concluded.]
The President in his communication to Congress, says:
The President in his communication to Congress, says:
"By a letter received from that officer (Wilkinson,) on the 25th Nov. but dated Oct. 21st, we learnt that a confidential agent of Aaron Burr had been deputed to him with communications, partly written in cypher, and partly oral, explaining his designs, exaggerating his resources, and making such offers of emolument and command, to engage him and the army in his unlawful enterprise, as he had flattered himself would be successful. The general with the honor of a soldier, and fidelity of a good citizen, immediately dispatched a trusty officer to me with information of what had passed, proceeded to establish such an understanding with the Spanish commandant on the Sabine as permitted him to withdraw his forces across the Mississippi, and to enter on measures for opposing the projected enterprise."
"By a letter received from that officer (Wilkinson,) on the 25th Nov. but dated Oct. 21st, we learnt that a confidential agent of Aaron Burr had been deputed to him with communications, partly written in cypher, and partly oral, explaining his designs, exaggerating his resources, and making such offers of emolument and command, to engage him and the army in his unlawful enterprise, as he had flattered himself would be successful. The general with the honor of a soldier, and fidelity of a good citizen, immediately dispatched a trusty officer to me with information of what had passed, proceeded to establish such an understanding with the Spanish commandant on the Sabine as permitted him to withdraw his forces across the Mississippi, and to enter on measures for opposing the projected enterprise."
"The general's letter which came to hand on the 25th of Nov. as has been mentioned, and some other information, received a few days earlier, when bro't together, developed Burr's general designs, different parts of which only had been revealed to different informants. It appeared that he contemplated two distinct objects, which might be carried on either jointly or separately, and either the one or the other first as circumstances should direct. One of these was the severance of the union of these states by the Allegany mountains, the other an attack on Mexico. A third object was provided, merely ostensible, to wit, the settlement of the pretended purchase of a tract of country on the Washita, claimed by a baron Bastrop. This was to serve as the pretext for all his preparations, an allure for such followers as really wished to acquire settlements in that country, and a cover under which to retreat in the event of a final discomfiture of both branches of his real design."
"The general's letter which came to hand on the 25th of Nov. as has been mentioned, and some other information, received a few days earlier, when bro't together, developed Burr's general designs, different parts of which only had been revealed to different informants. It appeared that he contemplated two distinct objects, which might be carried on either jointly or separately, and either the one or the other first as circumstances should direct. One of these was the severance of the union of these states by the Allegany mountains, the other an attack on Mexico. A third object was provided, merely ostensible, to wit, the settlement of the pretended purchase of a tract of country on the Washita, claimed by a baron Bastrop. This was to serve as the pretext for all his preparations, an allure for such followers as really wished to acquire settlements in that country, and a cover under which to retreat in the event of a final discomfiture of both branches of his real design."
"He found at once that the attachment of the western country to the present union was not to be shaken; that its dissolution could not be effected with the consent of its inhabitants; and that its resources were inadequate, as yet, to effect it by force. He took his course then at once, determined to seize on New-Orleans, plunder the bank there, possess himself of the military and naval stores, and proceed on his expedition to Mexico, and to this object all his means and preparations were now directed. He collected from all the quarters where himself or his agents possessed influence, all the ardent, restless, desperate and disaffected persons who were ready for any enterprise analogous to their characters. He seduced good and well meaning citizens, some by assurances that he possessed the confidence of the government, and was acting under its secret patronage; a pretence which procured some credit from the state of our differences with Spain; and others by offers of land in Bastrop's claim on the Washita."
"He found at once that the attachment of the western country to the present union was not to be shaken; that its dissolution could not be effected with the consent of its inhabitants; and that its resources were inadequate, as yet, to effect it by force. He took his course then at once, determined to seize on New-Orleans, plunder the bank there, possess himself of the military and naval stores, and proceed on his expedition to Mexico, and to this object all his means and preparations were now directed. He collected from all the quarters where himself or his agents possessed influence, all the ardent, restless, desperate and disaffected persons who were ready for any enterprise analogous to their characters. He seduced good and well meaning citizens, some by assurances that he possessed the confidence of the government, and was acting under its secret patronage; a pretence which procured some credit from the state of our differences with Spain; and others by offers of land in Bastrop's claim on the Washita."
In consequence of this information a large armed force was, either held in readiness or called out in the several states and territories, and vigorous measures pursued for defending New-Orleans.
In consequence of this information a large armed force was, either held in readiness or called out in the several states and territories, and vigorous measures pursued for defending New-Orleans.
His other projects having proved abortive, he determined to seize on New-Orleans, plunder the bank there, possess himself of the naval and military stores, and proceed on his expedition to Mexico."
His other projects having proved abortive, he determined to seize on New-Orleans, plunder the bank there, possess himself of the naval and military stores, and proceed on his expedition to Mexico."
The impressions on the mind of Wilkinson were derived principally, as far as is known to us, from Burr's letter to him, which announces the following facts:
The impressions on the mind of Wilkinson were derived principally, as far as is known to us, from Burr's letter to him, which announces the following facts:
1. That Burr had funds. 2. That he had commenced the enterprise. 3. That the protection of England was secured. 4. That Truxton had gone to Jamaica, and would bring from thence aids from England. 5. That the navy of the U. S. would join the expedition. 6. That on the 15th November 500, or 1,000 men, the first detachment would move down the river. 7. That Swartwout, the bearer of the letter, was thoroughly informed of the plans and intentions, and would disclose as far as Wilkinson should enquire. 8. That Bollman, equally confidential, and even better informed & more intelligent, would hand a duplicate of the letter.
1. That Burr had funds. 2. That he had commenced the enterprise. 3. That the protection of England was secured. 4. That Truxton had gone to Jamaica, and would bring from thence aids from England. 5. That the navy of the U. S. would join the expedition. 6. That on the 15th November 500, or 1,000 men, the first detachment would move down the river. 7. That Swartwout, the bearer of the letter, was thoroughly informed of the plans and intentions, and would disclose as far as Wilkinson should enquire. 8. That Bollman, equally confidential, and even better informed & more intelligent, would hand a duplicate of the letter.
In the conversation, which Wilkinson deposes he had with Bollman, he says Bollman informed me that he had been a letter from col. Burr of the 30th Oct. in which he, (col. Burr) gave assurances that he should be at Natchez with 2000 men on the 20th Dec. inst. where he should wait until he heard from this place. That he would be followed by 4000 men more, and that he (col. Burr) if he had chosen, could have raised or got 12,000 as easy as 6,000, but that he did not think that number necessary."
In the conversation, which Wilkinson deposes he had with Bollman, he says Bollman informed me that he had been a letter from col. Burr of the 30th Oct. in which he, (col. Burr) gave assurances that he should be at Natchez with 2000 men on the 20th Dec. inst. where he should wait until he heard from this place. That he would be followed by 4000 men more, and that he (col. Burr) if he had chosen, could have raised or got 12,000 as easy as 6,000, but that he did not think that number necessary."
In his conversation with Swartwout, Wilkinson deposes that the latter informed him, "That colonel Burr with the support of a powerful association extending from New-York to New-Orleans, was levying an armed body of 7000 men from the state of New-York and the western states and territories, with a view to carry an expedition against the Mexican provinces and that 500 men under col. Swartwout, and a col. or major Tyler were to defend the Allegany, for whose accommodation light boats had been built and were ready." I enquired what would be their course. He said "This territory would be revolutionized, where the people were ready to join them, and that there would be some seizing he supposed at New-Orleans—that they expected to be ready to embark about the first of February and intended to land at Vera Cruz, and to march from thence to Mexico." I observed that there were several millions of dollars in the bank of this place, to which he replied, "We know it full well," and on my remarking that they certainly did not mean to violate private property, he said "they merely meant to borrow and would return it—that they must equip themselves in New-Orleans, that they expected naval protection from Great Britain. That the captain and the officers of our navy were so disgusted with the government that they were ready to join."
In his conversation with Swartwout, Wilkinson deposes that the latter informed him, "That colonel Burr with the support of a powerful association extending from New-York to New-Orleans, was levying an armed body of 7000 men from the state of New-York and the western states and territories, with a view to carry an expedition against the Mexican provinces and that 500 men under col. Swartwout, and a col. or major Tyler were to defend the Allegany, for whose accommodation light boats had been built and were ready." I enquired what would be their course. He said "This territory would be revolutionized, where the people were ready to join them, and that there would be some seizing he supposed at New-Orleans—that they expected to be ready to embark about the first of February and intended to land at Vera Cruz, and to march from thence to Mexico." I observed that there were several millions of dollars in the bank of this place, to which he replied, "We know it full well," and on my remarking that they certainly did not mean to violate private property, he said "they merely meant to borrow and would return it—that they must equip themselves in New-Orleans, that they expected naval protection from Great Britain. That the captain and the officers of our navy were so disgusted with the government that they were ready to join."
These appear to have been the principal circumstances that impressed the mind of the commander in chief with the danger of the crisis. The deposition of lieutenant Wilson shews the impression produced on the public mind at New-Orleans.
These appear to have been the principal circumstances that impressed the mind of the commander in chief with the danger of the crisis. The deposition of lieutenant Wilson shews the impression produced on the public mind at New-Orleans.
He says, "I left New Orleans on my way to this city on the 15th of December last; at that time, and for some time preceding, the strongest apprehensions and belief universally prevailed among the inhabitants of that city, that Aaron Burr and his confederates had prepared an armed force, and were advancing to attack and plunder the city; in consequence of which the greatest alarms prevailed, a general stagnation of business ensued, and the danger was credited there as a matter of public notoriety:—That brigadier general Wilkinson with the army of the United States was at New-Orleans, occupied in the most active military preparations for the defence of the place; repairing the forts, mounting cannon, collecting ammunition, &c. all under the firm persuasion and belief that such an attack was meditated, and about very speedily to take place, by the said Burr and his confederates; this deponent knows that the general was decidedly of opinion, from the most satisfactory information, that the said Burr and his confederates were advancing with an armed force against the place."
He says, "I left New Orleans on my way to this city on the 15th of December last; at that time, and for some time preceding, the strongest apprehensions and belief universally prevailed among the inhabitants of that city, that Aaron Burr and his confederates had prepared an armed force, and were advancing to attack and plunder the city; in consequence of which the greatest alarms prevailed, a general stagnation of business ensued, and the danger was credited there as a matter of public notoriety:—That brigadier general Wilkinson with the army of the United States was at New-Orleans, occupied in the most active military preparations for the defence of the place; repairing the forts, mounting cannon, collecting ammunition, &c. all under the firm persuasion and belief that such an attack was meditated, and about very speedily to take place, by the said Burr and his confederates; this deponent knows that the general was decidedly of opinion, from the most satisfactory information, that the said Burr and his confederates were advancing with an armed force against the place."
Such are the leading facts on which Gen. W. took his measures. There are several other affidavits which strongly corroborate them; but as they all go to the same effect, so far as regards the reality or apprehension of danger at New Orleans, and principally differ from these as to the persons implicated, we shall not particularly notice them.
Such are the leading facts on which Gen. W. took his measures. There are several other affidavits which strongly corroborate them; but as they all go to the same effect, so far as regards the reality or apprehension of danger at New Orleans, and principally differ from these as to the persons implicated, we shall not particularly notice them.
Let then any man combine all these facts, and from their collective force appreciate the degree of danger in the territory of Orleans, and say whether there was not reason to believe that without a striking display of power, the plan to seize the city, to plunder the bank, and to provide the means either of an expedition against Mexico, or of a dismemberment of the union, or of both, might not have succeeded? The actual result is not here to be considered. That could not be known to Wilkinson. If he did conscientiously believe the danger to be such as he represents it to have been, was not an invasion of civil rights, if justifiable in any case, justifiable in this?
Let then any man combine all these facts, and from their collective force appreciate the degree of danger in the territory of Orleans, and say whether there was not reason to believe that without a striking display of power, the plan to seize the city, to plunder the bank, and to provide the means either of an expedition against Mexico, or of a dismemberment of the union, or of both, might not have succeeded? The actual result is not here to be considered. That could not be known to Wilkinson. If he did conscientiously believe the danger to be such as he represents it to have been, was not an invasion of civil rights, if justifiable in any case, justifiable in this?
Suppose ample funds had been provided, abundant magazines prepared, the American Navy engaged, British assistance given, and an army of seven thousand men marched, and that this external force had been aided by treason within,—would not the consequences have been dreadful. At such a crisis could the civil authority have discharged its ordinary functions? Would they not have been completely arrested. Would not military law have been necessarily substituted?
Suppose ample funds had been provided, abundant magazines prepared, the American Navy engaged, British assistance given, and an army of seven thousand men marched, and that this external force had been aided by treason within,—would not the consequences have been dreadful. At such a crisis could the civil authority have discharged its ordinary functions? Would they not have been completely arrested. Would not military law have been necessarily substituted?
This was exactly the state of things which Wilkinson must have expected, if his representations are honest. It was then to save the territory, from the dreadful scenes which might have ensued from temporizing with men he deemed traitors, that he arrested them, and assumed the high responsibility of doing that which nothing short of imperious necessity, he knew, could justify? It was to diminish that danger which menaced the territory with ruin, that he took this step; to render it possible by combining in one solid column all the interior reason to dread the influence of intrigue, and to fear that the emulators of Burr would raise a party against him, perhaps in his very army, and paralyse every measure of defence taken by him. Acting, therefore, on the necessity of the case, he arrested them, and removed them from the scene of action.
This was exactly the state of things which Wilkinson must have expected, if his representations are honest. It was then to save the territory, from the dreadful scenes which might have ensued from temporizing with men he deemed traitors, that he arrested them, and assumed the high responsibility of doing that which nothing short of imperious necessity, he knew, could justify? It was to diminish that danger which menaced the territory with ruin, that he took this step; to render it possible by combining in one solid column all the interior reason to dread the influence of intrigue, and to fear that the emulators of Burr would raise a party against him, perhaps in his very army, and paralyse every measure of defence taken by him. Acting, therefore, on the necessity of the case, he arrested them, and removed them from the scene of action.
We shall not attempt any inquiry into the sufficiency of his reasons for all the arrests made by him. The materials for forming a judgement are not before us. Whether they were equally strong in the cases of Adair, Alexander and Ogden, as in those of Bollman and Swart-
We shall not attempt any inquiry into the sufficiency of his reasons for all the arrests made by him. The materials for forming a judgement are not before us. Whether they were equally strong in the cases of Adair, Alexander and Ogden, as in those of Bollman and Swart-
wout, cannot be ascertained, as the affidavit in the former cases have not been published. Common justice however, requires us to avoid a precipitate judgment. If these men are innocent, as they say they are, justice will not be denied them. The courts of law and an impartial jury of the country, will vindicate their violated rights.
wout, cannot be ascertained, as the affidavit in the former cases have not been published. Common justice however, requires us to avoid a precipitate judgment. If these men are innocent, as they say they are, justice will not be denied them. The courts of law and an impartial jury of the country, will vindicate their violated rights.
Extract of a letter from New-York, dated March 22.
Extract of a letter from New-York, dated March 22.
"This morning arrived at this port, the brig Phoebe, Wood, 77 days from Leghorn, and 56 from Gibraltar. The captain informs there were 30 cruising boats out of Algeriers, which had captured a number of American vessels, and sent them into that port."
"This morning arrived at this port, the brig Phoebe, Wood, 77 days from Leghorn, and 56 from Gibraltar. The captain informs there were 30 cruising boats out of Algeriers, which had captured a number of American vessels, and sent them into that port."
The Lancaster Journal expresses a decided opinion, that the governor of this commonwealth will be impeached during the present session of the legislature. Phil. paper.
The Lancaster Journal expresses a decided opinion, that the governor of this commonwealth will be impeached during the present session of the legislature. Phil. paper.
TO THE PUBLIC.
TO THE PUBLIC.
As various opinions seem to prevail, respecting several letters published some weeks since in a Norfolk Paper, signed Williamson , I deem it my duty to state to the Public, that I took the command of the Schooner Merchant, at the Havana, for Baltimore at the request of capt. Hamilton; and that when ready to sail, bro't all my ship's papers and a number of letters on board, which, without examination or looking over, I tied up all together in a handkerchief: capt. H. observed to me, that if I should be boarded by a British Cruiser, I should shew all my papers. When within about a league of cape Henry I was boarded by an officer from the Melampus frigate and taken on board; and all my papers were looked over, letters opened, and four of them retained; some of which, if not all signed Williamson ; which were all in one package directed to Mr. Williams, Baltimore. I demanded those letters of the officer, but he replied that they were of such consequence to them, that they must retain them.
As various opinions seem to prevail, respecting several letters published some weeks since in a Norfolk Paper, signed Williamson , I deem it my duty to state to the Public, that I took the command of the Schooner Merchant, at the Havana, for Baltimore at the request of capt. Hamilton; and that when ready to sail, bro't all my ship's papers and a number of letters on board, which, without examination or looking over, I tied up all together in a handkerchief: capt. H. observed to me, that if I should be boarded by a British Cruiser, I should shew all my papers. When within about a league of cape Henry I was boarded by an officer from the Melampus frigate and taken on board; and all my papers were looked over, letters opened, and four of them retained; some of which, if not all signed Williamson ; which were all in one package directed to Mr. Williams, Baltimore. I demanded those letters of the officer, but he replied that they were of such consequence to them, that they must retain them.
The foregoing is a correct statement of facts, which should have been published immediately after my arrival, had not circumstances intervened which prevented me.
The foregoing is a correct statement of facts, which should have been published immediately after my arrival, had not circumstances intervened which prevented me.
I am the Publick's Humble Servant.
I am the Publick's Humble Servant.
JOHN BIGBY.
JOHN BIGBY.
Baltimore, March 24, 1807.
Baltimore, March 24, 1807.
The Enquirer.
The Enquirer.
RICHMOND, 3d. APRIL.
RICHMOND, 3d. APRIL.
EXAMINATION.
EXAMINATION.
The Editor was prevented by his remote position, from collecting the whole of the argument on Tuesday.—He is indebted to a friend for the following sketch.
The Editor was prevented by his remote position, from collecting the whole of the argument on Tuesday.—He is indebted to a friend for the following sketch.
COMMUNICATION.
COMMUNICATION.
The examination of Col. Aaron Burr, which commenced in private at the Eagle-Tavern, in this city, on Monday last, was continued on Tuesday at the Capitol, before the Chief Justice of the United States, and in the presence of an immense assembly of the citizens. Col. Burr had been recognized to appear at 10 o'Clock. At half past ten he preferred himself before the judge, and with some degree of emotion apologized for the apparent delay, declaring that he had misunderstood the hour at which he was bound to appear. The judge then adjourned from the court room to the hall of the House of Delegates, for the better accommodation of the spectators.
The examination of Col. Aaron Burr, which commenced in private at the Eagle-Tavern, in this city, on Monday last, was continued on Tuesday at the Capitol, before the Chief Justice of the United States, and in the presence of an immense assembly of the citizens. Col. Burr had been recognized to appear at 10 o'Clock. At half past ten he preferred himself before the judge, and with some degree of emotion apologized for the apparent delay, declaring that he had misunderstood the hour at which he was bound to appear. The judge then adjourned from the court room to the hall of the House of Delegates, for the better accommodation of the spectators.
(Great complaint has been made about the private Examination held at the Eagle. Some have branded it with the epithets of "a secret and unprecedented proceeding," not unlike the proceedings of a Spanish Inquisition.—The facts are said to be, that when the attorney for the district applied to the Chief Justice for a warrant, some conversation ensued on the manner of examination: Mr. Marshall observed that it was indifferent to him whether it was held at the Capitol or the Eagle. Mr. Hay objected to the latter, that no room was sufficiently large to receive the crowd that would attend, which would be a source of considerable inconvenience. Mr. M. observed that this difficulty could be obviated by having the examination in private. To which Mr. H. assented, on the condition, that if there were a discussion by counsel, they should adjourn to the Capitol. The evidence to be adduced was already before the public.—On the examination, it was agreed that a discussion was necessary. Mr. Hay then moved for an adjournment to the Capitol. In which arrangement, Col. Burr's council immediately acquiesced.
(Great complaint has been made about the private Examination held at the Eagle. Some have branded it with the epithets of "a secret and unprecedented proceeding," not unlike the proceedings of a Spanish Inquisition.—The facts are said to be, that when the attorney for the district applied to the Chief Justice for a warrant, some conversation ensued on the manner of examination: Mr. Marshall observed that it was indifferent to him whether it was held at the Capitol or the Eagle. Mr. Hay objected to the latter, that no room was sufficiently large to receive the crowd that would attend, which would be a source of considerable inconvenience. Mr. M. observed that this difficulty could be obviated by having the examination in private. To which Mr. H. assented, on the condition, that if there were a discussion by counsel, they should adjourn to the Capitol. The evidence to be adduced was already before the public.—On the examination, it was agreed that a discussion was necessary. Mr. Hay then moved for an adjournment to the Capitol. In which arrangement, Col. Burr's council immediately acquiesced.
Mr. Hay, Attorney for the United States, in the District of Virginia, opened the examination, and in a speech of considerable length and great propriety, enforced the reasons which induced him to believe Col. Burr guilty of the charges which had been alleged against him. These were the same as stated in the last Enquirer, viz: 1st. The setting on foot and providing the means for a military expedition against the territories of a nation with whom the United States were at peace; and 2dly. For High Treason against the United States.
Mr. Hay, Attorney for the United States, in the District of Virginia, opened the examination, and in a speech of considerable length and great propriety, enforced the reasons which induced him to believe Col. Burr guilty of the charges which had been alleged against him. These were the same as stated in the last Enquirer, viz: 1st. The setting on foot and providing the means for a military expedition against the territories of a nation with whom the United States were at peace; and 2dly. For High Treason against the United States.
He cited Blackstone's Commentaries to show that on a mere question to commit a person accused of a crime, nothing more was necessary than to shew a probability that he had been guilty of it. To require more in this incipient stage of the proceedings, particularly in a country of such thin population and extensive territories as the United States, would be to hold out an invitation to perpetrate crimes with a certainty of avoiding punishment. In support of these charges, the testimony of Gen. Eaton; the deposition of Gen. Wilkinson, and the disclosures made to him by Bollman and Swartwout were relied on. The treasonable intentions of Col. Burr being clearly established, enough appeared to render it highly probable that he had committed the overt acts required by the constitution to consummate the offence. In addition to this testimony, his flight from the Mississippi territory, and the evidence of Major Perkins, by whom he was apprehended, to this place, flaring his attempt to appeal to a Magistrate in the state of South Carolina, were adduced as strong circumstances to prove his guilt.
He cited Blackstone's Commentaries to show that on a mere question to commit a person accused of a crime, nothing more was necessary than to shew a probability that he had been guilty of it. To require more in this incipient stage of the proceedings, particularly in a country of such thin population and extensive territories as the United States, would be to hold out an invitation to perpetrate crimes with a certainty of avoiding punishment. In support of these charges, the testimony of Gen. Eaton; the deposition of Gen. Wilkinson, and the disclosures made to him by Bollman and Swartwout were relied on. The treasonable intentions of Col. Burr being clearly established, enough appeared to render it highly probable that he had committed the overt acts required by the constitution to consummate the offence. In addition to this testimony, his flight from the Mississippi territory, and the evidence of Major Perkins, by whom he was apprehended, to this place, flaring his attempt to appeal to a Magistrate in the state of South Carolina, were adduced as strong circumstances to prove his guilt.
[Mr. Hay adduced other reasons for a commitment; among others that the Executives and Legislatures of Ohio and Kentucky had sanctioned by their own acts the probability of some treasonable conspiracy.]
[Mr. Hay adduced other reasons for a commitment; among others that the Executives and Legislatures of Ohio and Kentucky had sanctioned by their own acts the probability of some treasonable conspiracy.]
Mr. Burr's attempt to escape from the hands of his escort is thus related:—By passing through the town of Chester in S. C. the first town of any size that they visited, Mr. B. suddenly alighted from his horse, and threw himself among the small crowd, which had collected to see the cavalcade. He told them that he was A. Burr; dragged by a military escort, without any warrant, and contrary to the laws of his country.—Mr. Perkins however immediately followed; seized; and replaced him upon his horse.—The crowd manifested no disposition to interfere in the business.]
Mr. Burr's attempt to escape from the hands of his escort is thus related:—By passing through the town of Chester in S. C. the first town of any size that they visited, Mr. B. suddenly alighted from his horse, and threw himself among the small crowd, which had collected to see the cavalcade. He told them that he was A. Burr; dragged by a military escort, without any warrant, and contrary to the laws of his country.—Mr. Perkins however immediately followed; seized; and replaced him upon his horse.—The crowd manifested no disposition to interfere in the business.]
Mr. Wickham, in behalf of Col. Burr, combated with great ingenuity the arguments of Mr. Hay. He contended that juris establishing the guilt of the accused ought to be proved before any inference of a treasonable design could be drawn, so as even to warrant a judge in committing for trial; that the evi-
Mr. Wickham, in behalf of Col. Burr, combated with great ingenuity the arguments of Mr. Hay. He contended that juris establishing the guilt of the accused ought to be proved before any inference of a treasonable design could be drawn, so as even to warrant a judge in committing for trial; that the evi-

dence in this case, was altogether uncertain and illegal, that the deposition of Gen. Eaton contained its own self-condemnation, and that the death of Colonel Burr, as it was termed, by the counsel for the prosecution, was nothing more than a wish to avoid military prosecution. No reason, he contended, existed why the United States were unprepared with testimony. They had chosen this place as the scene of action, and dragged Col. Burr to it. Sufficient time had elapsed since the first apprehension of Col. Burr to take affidavits, tending to prove the facts charged, if he had really been guilty.
dence in this case, was altogether uncertain and illegal, that the deposition of Gen. Eaton contained its own self-condemnation, and that the death of Colonel Burr, as it was termed, by the counsel for the prosecution, was nothing more than a wish to avoid military prosecution. No reason, he contended, existed why the United States were unprepared with testimony. They had chosen this place as the scene of action, and dragged Col. Burr to it. Sufficient time had elapsed since the first apprehension of Col. Burr to take affidavits, tending to prove the facts charged, if he had really been guilty.
Mr. Randolph on the same side made an eloquent address to the feelings of the audience, and pursued nearly the same train of reasoning adopted by Mr. Wickham.
Mr. Randolph on the same side made an eloquent address to the feelings of the audience, and pursued nearly the same train of reasoning adopted by Mr. Wickham.
(Col. Burr's counsel asserted that his objects were of a nature to be useful to the U. States. As far as they ventured to develop them, it was said to be his intention to assist the U. S. in case of a war with Spain, which seemed at that time a probable event; and to settle the Ouachita Grant, from which point it would be at least in the power of Col. Burr, to be a useful auxiliary to his country against its enemies.)
(Col. Burr's counsel asserted that his objects were of a nature to be useful to the U. States. As far as they ventured to develop them, it was said to be his intention to assist the U. S. in case of a war with Spain, which seemed at that time a probable event; and to settle the Ouachita Grant, from which point it would be at least in the power of Col. Burr, to be a useful auxiliary to his country against its enemies.)
Col. Burr then arose and addressed the judge. He principally relied on his two former acquittals, and inquired whether there was probable cause to suppose him guilty, when in Kentucky and the Mississippi territory, where the greatest alarms had been excited, the civil tribunals had pronounced him innocent.
Col. Burr then arose and addressed the judge. He principally relied on his two former acquittals, and inquired whether there was probable cause to suppose him guilty, when in Kentucky and the Mississippi territory, where the greatest alarms had been excited, the civil tribunals had pronounced him innocent.
(Col. Burr spoke about 10 minutes. He dwelt upon the unfounded alarms (as he called them) which had existed in the W. country; and the way in which he had met them. The alarm prevalent in the state of Ohio, had produced a judicial enquiry into his conduct before the court of Kentucky. The moment he heard of this step, he had hurried before the court; he demanded an enquiry; and he said was honourably acquitted. The same alarm followed him to the Mississippi territory; he had there met it again; and not only had the grand jury found nothing against him, but they had even presented the government for meddling with him—He denied he had ever fled from the laws of his country: it was military oppression he had avoided. Although Cowles Mead had promised him his protection, while he remained in the territory, it was a promise which could not be kept. The arm of force was too strong. He had been told even by the officers of an armed boat lying at Natchez, that he was to be seized, hurried on board, and borne off. What could he do? In pursuance of his own judgment and the advice of his best & wisest friends, he was determined to fly from the oppression—He declared it to be false, utterly false, that he had broken his recognizance. He asserted that his designs had been honorable and would have been useful to the U. S.—But even admitting that they had been otherwise, they must have been long since abandoned: they had not once ripened into overt acts. There was no treason—He complained of the treatment he had experienced: his loss of property from seizures on the Western rivers; the hardships received from his guard; debased the use of pen, ink and paper; even to write to his daughter. He dwelt upon his effort to escape in S. Carolina. He said it was a mere attempt to throw himself out of the tyranny of a military escort into the hands of a civil magistrate. A little before or after dismounting from his horse, he asked whether he had not called for the interference of a magistrate.—He spoke as to the alarms of N. Orleans being considered as a probable evidence of a treasonable conspiracy. Those alarms were not produced by him, but by others; by the President who had alarmed Gen. Wilkinson, and Gen. W. who had alarmed the City.—Respecting Wilkinson and Eaton he made but few observations. He called the depositions produced before the court a parcel of crudities which he should not pretend to be able to understand.)
(Col. Burr spoke about 10 minutes. He dwelt upon the unfounded alarms (as he called them) which had existed in the W. country; and the way in which he had met them. The alarm prevalent in the state of Ohio, had produced a judicial enquiry into his conduct before the court of Kentucky. The moment he heard of this step, he had hurried before the court; he demanded an enquiry; and he said was honourably acquitted. The same alarm followed him to the Mississippi territory; he had there met it again; and not only had the grand jury found nothing against him, but they had even presented the government for meddling with him—He denied he had ever fled from the laws of his country: it was military oppression he had avoided. Although Cowles Mead had promised him his protection, while he remained in the territory, it was a promise which could not be kept. The arm of force was too strong. He had been told even by the officers of an armed boat lying at Natchez, that he was to be seized, hurried on board, and borne off. What could he do? In pursuance of his own judgment and the advice of his best & wisest friends, he was determined to fly from the oppression—He declared it to be false, utterly false, that he had broken his recognizance. He asserted that his designs had been honorable and would have been useful to the U. S.—But even admitting that they had been otherwise, they must have been long since abandoned: they had not once ripened into overt acts. There was no treason—He complained of the treatment he had experienced: his loss of property from seizures on the Western rivers; the hardships received from his guard; debased the use of pen, ink and paper; even to write to his daughter. He dwelt upon his effort to escape in S. Carolina. He said it was a mere attempt to throw himself out of the tyranny of a military escort into the hands of a civil magistrate. A little before or after dismounting from his horse, he asked whether he had not called for the interference of a magistrate.—He spoke as to the alarms of N. Orleans being considered as a probable evidence of a treasonable conspiracy. Those alarms were not produced by him, but by others; by the President who had alarmed Gen. Wilkinson, and Gen. W. who had alarmed the City.—Respecting Wilkinson and Eaton he made but few observations. He called the depositions produced before the court a parcel of crudities which he should not pretend to be able to understand.)
Mr. Rodney, the Attorney General for the United States closed the arguments. His exordium expressed a most sensible and impressive manner, the regret he felt in being compelled to arraign a man as a traitor, whom the people of the U. States had once elevated to the second office in the government—In discussing this particular question, he took nearly the same ground which had been occupied by Mr. Hay, but went more particularly into an examination of the testimony.
Mr. Rodney, the Attorney General for the United States closed the arguments. His exordium expressed a most sensible and impressive manner, the regret he felt in being compelled to arraign a man as a traitor, whom the people of the U. States had once elevated to the second office in the government—In discussing this particular question, he took nearly the same ground which had been occupied by Mr. Hay, but went more particularly into an examination of the testimony.
When the arguments were gone through, the Chief Justice observed that whatever opinion he might give upon this subject he wished it to be in writing. He would therefore adjourn till the next day at 11 o'clock, for the purpose of having time to consider the question.
When the arguments were gone through, the Chief Justice observed that whatever opinion he might give upon this subject he wished it to be in writing. He would therefore adjourn till the next day at 11 o'clock, for the purpose of having time to consider the question.
On Wednesday the 1st of April, the Judge attended, and in the presence of a very numerous assembly, gave the following opinion:
On Wednesday the 1st of April, the Judge attended, and in the presence of a very numerous assembly, gave the following opinion:
The U. S. } on a motion for a commitment. vs. A. Burr. }
The U. S. } on a motion for a commitment. vs. A. Burr. }
I am required on the part of the Attorney for the U. States to commit the accused on two charges.
I am required on the part of the Attorney for the U. States to commit the accused on two charges.
1st. For setting on foot and providing the means for an expedition against the territories of a nation at peace with the U. S.
1st. For setting on foot and providing the means for an expedition against the territories of a nation at peace with the U. S.
2d. For committing High Treason against the United States. On an application of this kind I certainly should not require that proof which would be necessary to convict the person to be committed, on a trial in chief; nor should I even require, that which would absolutely convince my own mind of the guilt of the accused; but I ought to require and I should require that probable cause be shown, and I understand probable cause to be a case made out by proof furnishing good reason, to believe that the crime alleged has been committed by the person charged with having committed it.
2d. For committing High Treason against the United States. On an application of this kind I certainly should not require that proof which would be necessary to convict the person to be committed, on a trial in chief; nor should I even require, that which would absolutely convince my own mind of the guilt of the accused; but I ought to require and I should require that probable cause be shown, and I understand probable cause to be a case made out by proof furnishing good reason, to believe that the crime alleged has been committed by the person charged with having committed it.
I think this opinion entirely reconcilable with that quoted from Judge Blackstone. When that learned & accurate commentator says, that "if upon an enquiry it manifestly appears that no such crime has been committed, or that the suspicion entertained of the prisoner was wholly groundless; in such cases only, it is lawful totally to discharge him: otherwise he must be committed to prison or give bail;" I do not understand him as meaning to say that the hand of malignity may grasp any individual against whom its hate may be directed, or whom it may capriciously seize, charge him with some secret crime, and put him on the proof of his innocence. But I understand that the foundation of the proceeding must be a probable cause to believe, there is guilt; which probable cause is only to be done away in the manner stated by Blackstone. The total failure of proof on the part of the accuser would be considered by that writer, as being in itself a legal manifestation of the innocence of the accused.
I think this opinion entirely reconcilable with that quoted from Judge Blackstone. When that learned & accurate commentator says, that "if upon an enquiry it manifestly appears that no such crime has been committed, or that the suspicion entertained of the prisoner was wholly groundless; in such cases only, it is lawful totally to discharge him: otherwise he must be committed to prison or give bail;" I do not understand him as meaning to say that the hand of malignity may grasp any individual against whom its hate may be directed, or whom it may capriciously seize, charge him with some secret crime, and put him on the proof of his innocence. But I understand that the foundation of the proceeding must be a probable cause to believe, there is guilt; which probable cause is only to be done away in the manner stated by Blackstone. The total failure of proof on the part of the accuser would be considered by that writer, as being in itself a legal manifestation of the innocence of the accused.
In enquiring therefore into the charges exhibited against Aaron Burr, I hold myself bound to consider how far those charges are supported by probable cause.
In enquiring therefore into the charges exhibited against Aaron Burr, I hold myself bound to consider how far those charges are supported by probable cause.
The first charge rests upon the testimony of Gen. Eaton and Gen. Wilkinson. The witnesses named proves that among other projects which were more criminal, Col. Burr meditated an expedition against the Mexican dominions of Spain. This deposition may be considered as introductory to the affidavit of Gen. Wilkinson, and as explanatory of the objects of any military preparations which may have been made.
The first charge rests upon the testimony of Gen. Eaton and Gen. Wilkinson. The witnesses named proves that among other projects which were more criminal, Col. Burr meditated an expedition against the Mexican dominions of Spain. This deposition may be considered as introductory to the affidavit of Gen. Wilkinson, and as explanatory of the objects of any military preparations which may have been made.
I proceed then to that affidavit. To make the testimony of General Wilkinson bear on Col. Burr, it is necessary to consider as genuine the letter stated by the former to be as nearly as he can make it, an interpretation of one received in cypher from the latter. Exclude this letter and nothing remains in the testimony, which can in the most remote degree affect Col. Burr. That there are to the admissibility of this part of the affidavit great and obvious objections, need not be stated to those, who know with how much caution proceedings in criminal cases ought to be instituted, and who know that the highest tribunal of the U. States has been divided on them. When this question came before the supreme court, I felt the full force of these objections although I did not yield to them. On weighing in my own mind the reason for and against acting, in this stage of the business, on that part of the affidavit, those in favor of doing so appeared to me to preponderate, and, as this opinion was not overruled, I hold myself still at liberty to conform to it.
I proceed then to that affidavit. To make the testimony of General Wilkinson bear on Col. Burr, it is necessary to consider as genuine the letter stated by the former to be as nearly as he can make it, an interpretation of one received in cypher from the latter. Exclude this letter and nothing remains in the testimony, which can in the most remote degree affect Col. Burr. That there are to the admissibility of this part of the affidavit great and obvious objections, need not be stated to those, who know with how much caution proceedings in criminal cases ought to be instituted, and who know that the highest tribunal of the U. States has been divided on them. When this question came before the supreme court, I felt the full force of these objections although I did not yield to them. On weighing in my own mind the reason for and against acting, in this stage of the business, on that part of the affidavit, those in favor of doing so appeared to me to preponderate, and, as this opinion was not overruled, I hold myself still at liberty to conform to it.
That the original letter, or a true copy of it accompanied by the cypher, would have been much more satisfactory, is not to be denied: but I thought, and I still think that, upon a mere question whether the accused shall be brought to trial or not, upon an enquiry not into guilt but into the probable cause, the omission of a circumstance which is indeed important, but which does not disprove the positive allegations of an affidavit, ought not to induce its rejection or its absolute disbelief, when the maker of the affidavit is at too great distance to repair the fault. I could not in this stage of the prosecution absolutely discredit the affidavit, because the material facts alleged may very well be within the knowledge of the witness, although he has failed to state explicitly all the means by which this knowledge is obtained.
That the original letter, or a true copy of it accompanied by the cypher, would have been much more satisfactory, is not to be denied: but I thought, and I still think that, upon a mere question whether the accused shall be brought to trial or not, upon an enquiry not into guilt but into the probable cause, the omission of a circumstance which is indeed important, but which does not disprove the positive allegations of an affidavit, ought not to induce its rejection or its absolute disbelief, when the maker of the affidavit is at too great distance to repair the fault. I could not in this stage of the prosecution absolutely discredit the affidavit, because the material facts alleged may very well be within the knowledge of the witness, although he has failed to state explicitly all the means by which this knowledge is obtained.
Thus, General Wilkinson states that this letter was received from Col. Burr, but does not say that it was in his hand writing, nor does he state the evidence which supports this affirmation. But, in addition to the circumstance that the positive assertion of the fact ought not per se, in this stage of the enquiry, to be disregarded, the nature of the case furnishes that evidence.
Thus, General Wilkinson states that this letter was received from Col. Burr, but does not say that it was in his hand writing, nor does he state the evidence which supports this affirmation. But, in addition to the circumstance that the positive assertion of the fact ought not per se, in this stage of the enquiry, to be disregarded, the nature of the case furnishes that evidence.
The letter was in cypher. Gen. Wilkinson, it is true, does not say that a cypher had been previously settled between Col. Burr, and himself, in which they might correspond on subjects which though innocent, neither of them might wish to subject to the casualties of a transportation from the Atlantic to the Mississippi; but when we perceive that Col. Burr has written in cypher, and that General Wilkinson is able to decipher the letter, we must either presume that the bearer of the letter was also the bearer of its key, or that the key was previously in possession of the person to whom the letter was addressed. In stating particularly the circumstances attending the delivery of this letter, General Wilkinson does not say that it was accompanied by the key, or that he felt any surprise at its being in cypher. For this reason, as well as because there is not much more security in sending a letter in cypher accompanied by its key, than there is in sending a letter not in cypher; I think it more reasonable to suppose that the key was previously in possession of Wilkinson. If this was the fact, the letter being written in a cypher previously settled between himself and Col. Burr, is in this stage of the enquiry at least, a circumstance which sufficiently supports the assertion, that the letter was written by Col. Burr.
The letter was in cypher. Gen. Wilkinson, it is true, does not say that a cypher had been previously settled between Col. Burr, and himself, in which they might correspond on subjects which though innocent, neither of them might wish to subject to the casualties of a transportation from the Atlantic to the Mississippi; but when we perceive that Col. Burr has written in cypher, and that General Wilkinson is able to decipher the letter, we must either presume that the bearer of the letter was also the bearer of its key, or that the key was previously in possession of the person to whom the letter was addressed. In stating particularly the circumstances attending the delivery of this letter, General Wilkinson does not say that it was accompanied by the key, or that he felt any surprise at its being in cypher. For this reason, as well as because there is not much more security in sending a letter in cypher accompanied by its key, than there is in sending a letter not in cypher; I think it more reasonable to suppose that the key was previously in possession of Wilkinson. If this was the fact, the letter being written in a cypher previously settled between himself and Col. Burr, is in this stage of the enquiry at least, a circumstance which sufficiently supports the assertion, that the letter was written by Col. Burr.
The enterprise described in this letter is obviously a military enterprise, and must have been intended either against the U. S. or against the territories of some other power on the continent, with all of whom the United States were at peace.
The enterprise described in this letter is obviously a military enterprise, and must have been intended either against the U. S. or against the territories of some other power on the continent, with all of whom the United States were at peace.
The expressions of this letter must be admitted to furnish at least probable cause for believing, that the means for the contemplated expedition were provided. In every part of it, we find declarations indicating that he was providing the means for the expedition, and as these means might be provided in secret, I do not think that further testimony ought to be required to satisfy me, that there is probable cause for committing the prisoner on this charge.
The expressions of this letter must be admitted to furnish at least probable cause for believing, that the means for the contemplated expedition were provided. In every part of it, we find declarations indicating that he was providing the means for the expedition, and as these means might be provided in secret, I do not think that further testimony ought to be required to satisfy me, that there is probable cause for committing the prisoner on this charge.
Since it will be entirely in the power of the Attorney General to prefer an indictment against the prisoner, for any other offence which he shall think himself possessed of testimony to support, it is in fact, immaterial whether the second charge be expressed in the warrant of commitment or not; but as I hold it to be my duty to insert every charge alleged on the part of the United States, in support of which probable cause is shown, and to insert none in support of which probable cause is not shown, I am bound to proceed in the enquiry.
Since it will be entirely in the power of the Attorney General to prefer an indictment against the prisoner, for any other offence which he shall think himself possessed of testimony to support, it is in fact, immaterial whether the second charge be expressed in the warrant of commitment or not; but as I hold it to be my duty to insert every charge alleged on the part of the United States, in support of which probable cause is shown, and to insert none in support of which probable cause is not shown, I am bound to proceed in the enquiry.
The second charge exhibited against the prisoner, is High Treason against the United States in levying war against them.
The second charge exhibited against the prisoner, is High Treason against the United States in levying war against them.
As this is the most atrocious offence which can be committed against the political body, so it is the charge which is most capable of being employed as the instrument of those malignant and vindictive passions which may rage in the bosoms of contending parties struggling for power. It is that, of which the people of America have been most jealous, and therefore, while other crimes are unnoticed, they have refused to trust the national legislature with the definition of this, but have themselves declared in their constitution that "it shall consist only in levying war against the United States, or in adhering to their enemies giving them aid and comfort." This high crime consists of overt acts which must be proved by two witnesses or by the confession of the party in open court.
As this is the most atrocious offence which can be committed against the political body, so it is the charge which is most capable of being employed as the instrument of those malignant and vindictive passions which may rage in the bosoms of contending parties struggling for power. It is that, of which the people of America have been most jealous, and therefore, while other crimes are unnoticed, they have refused to trust the national legislature with the definition of this, but have themselves declared in their constitution that "it shall consist only in levying war against the United States, or in adhering to their enemies giving them aid and comfort." This high crime consists of overt acts which must be proved by two witnesses or by the confession of the party in open court.
Under the control of this constitutional regulation, I am to enquire whether the testimony laid before me furnishes probable cause in support of this charge. The charge is, that the fact itself has been committed, and the testimony to support it must furnish probable cause for believing that it, has been actually committed, or it is insufficient for the purpose for which it is adduced.
Under the control of this constitutional regulation, I am to enquire whether the testimony laid before me furnishes probable cause in support of this charge. The charge is, that the fact itself has been committed, and the testimony to support it must furnish probable cause for believing that it, has been actually committed, or it is insufficient for the purpose for which it is adduced.
Upon this point too, the testimony of General Eaton is first to be considered. That part of his deposition which bears upon this charge is the plan disclosed by the prisoner for seizing upon New Orleans, and revolutionizing the western states.
Upon this point too, the testimony of General Eaton is first to be considered. That part of his deposition which bears upon this charge is the plan disclosed by the prisoner for seizing upon New Orleans, and revolutionizing the western states.
That this plan, if consummated by overt acts would amount to treason, no man will controvert. But it is equally clear, that an intention to commit treason is an offence entirely distinct from the actual commission of that crime. War can only be levied by the employment of actual force. Troops must be embodied; men must be assembled in order to levy war. If Col. Burr had been apprehended on making these communications to General Eaton, could it have been alleged that he had gone further than to meditate the crime? Could it have been said that he had actually collected forces and had actually levied war? Most certainly it could not. The crime really completed was a conspiracy to commit treason, not an actual commission of treason.
That this plan, if consummated by overt acts would amount to treason, no man will controvert. But it is equally clear, that an intention to commit treason is an offence entirely distinct from the actual commission of that crime. War can only be levied by the employment of actual force. Troops must be embodied; men must be assembled in order to levy war. If Col. Burr had been apprehended on making these communications to General Eaton, could it have been alleged that he had gone further than to meditate the crime? Could it have been said that he had actually collected forces and had actually levied war? Most certainly it could not. The crime really completed was a conspiracy to commit treason, not an actual commission of treason.
If these communications were not treason at the instant they were made, no lapse of time can make them so. They are not in themselves acts. They may serve to explain the intention
If these communications were not treason at the instant they were made, no lapse of time can make them so. They are not in themselves acts. They may serve to explain the intention
with which acts were committed, but they cannot supply those acts if they be not proved. The next testimony is the deposition of General Wilkinson, which consists in the letter already noticed, and of the communications made by the bearer of that letter.
with which acts were committed, but they cannot supply those acts if they be not proved. The next testimony is the deposition of General Wilkinson, which consists in the letter already noticed, and of the communications made by the bearer of that letter.
This letter has already been considered by the supreme court of the United States, and has been declared to import, taken by itself for in connection with Eaton's deposition, rather an expedition against the territories of Spain than of the United States. By that decision I am bound whether I concurred in it or not. But I did concur in it. On this point the court was unanimous.
This letter has already been considered by the supreme court of the United States, and has been declared to import, taken by itself for in connection with Eaton's deposition, rather an expedition against the territories of Spain than of the United States. By that decision I am bound whether I concurred in it or not. But I did concur in it. On this point the court was unanimous.
It is, however, urged that the declarations of Swartwout may be connected with the letter and used against Col. Burr. Although the confession of one man cannot eliminate another, yet I am inclined to think that, on a mere enquiry into probable cause, the declarations of Swartwout made on this particular occasion, may be used against Col. Burr. My reason for thinking so is, that Col. Burr's letter authorizes Mr. Swartwout to speak in his name. He empowers Mr. Swartwout to make to General Wilkinson verbal communications explanatory of the plans and designs of Burr, which Burr adopts as his own explanations. However inadmissible therefore, this testimony may be on a trial in chief; I am inclined to admit it on this enquiry.
It is, however, urged that the declarations of Swartwout may be connected with the letter and used against Col. Burr. Although the confession of one man cannot eliminate another, yet I am inclined to think that, on a mere enquiry into probable cause, the declarations of Swartwout made on this particular occasion, may be used against Col. Burr. My reason for thinking so is, that Col. Burr's letter authorizes Mr. Swartwout to speak in his name. He empowers Mr. Swartwout to make to General Wilkinson verbal communications explanatory of the plans and designs of Burr, which Burr adopts as his own explanations. However inadmissible therefore, this testimony may be on a trial in chief; I am inclined to admit it on this enquiry.
If it be admitted, what is its amount? Upon this point too, it appears that the supreme court was divided. I therefore hold myself at liberty to pursue my own opinion, which was, that the words "this territory must be revolutionized," did not so clearly apply to a foreign territory as to reject that sense which would make them applicable to a territory of the United States, at least so far as to admit of further enquiry into their meaning. And if a territory of the United States was to be revolutionized, that only as a mean for an expedition against a foreign power, the act would be treason.
If it be admitted, what is its amount? Upon this point too, it appears that the supreme court was divided. I therefore hold myself at liberty to pursue my own opinion, which was, that the words "this territory must be revolutionized," did not so clearly apply to a foreign territory as to reject that sense which would make them applicable to a territory of the United States, at least so far as to admit of further enquiry into their meaning. And if a territory of the United States was to be revolutionized, that only as a mean for an expedition against a foreign power, the act would be treason.
This reasoning leads to the conclusion that there is probable cause for the allegation that treasonable designs were entertained by the prisoner so late as July last, when this letter was written.
This reasoning leads to the conclusion that there is probable cause for the allegation that treasonable designs were entertained by the prisoner so late as July last, when this letter was written.
It remains to enquire whether there is also probable cause to believe, that these designs have been ripened into the crime itself by actually levying war against the United States. It has been already observed, that to constitute this crime, troops must be embodied, men must be actually assembled; and there are facts which cannot remain invisible. Treason may be machinated in secret, but it can be perpetrated only in open day and in the eye of the world. Testimony of a fact which in its own nature is so notorious ought to be unequivocal. The testimony now offered has been laid before the supreme court of the United States, and has been determined in the cases of Bollman and Swartwout, not to furnish probable cause for the opinion that war had been actually levied. Whatever might have been the inclination of my own mind in that case—I should feel much difficulty in departing from the decision then made, unless this case could be clearly distinguished from it. I will, however, briefly review the arguments which have been urged, and the facts now before me, in order to show more clearly the particular operation they have on my own judgment.
It remains to enquire whether there is also probable cause to believe, that these designs have been ripened into the crime itself by actually levying war against the United States. It has been already observed, that to constitute this crime, troops must be embodied, men must be actually assembled; and there are facts which cannot remain invisible. Treason may be machinated in secret, but it can be perpetrated only in open day and in the eye of the world. Testimony of a fact which in its own nature is so notorious ought to be unequivocal. The testimony now offered has been laid before the supreme court of the United States, and has been determined in the cases of Bollman and Swartwout, not to furnish probable cause for the opinion that war had been actually levied. Whatever might have been the inclination of my own mind in that case—I should feel much difficulty in departing from the decision then made, unless this case could be clearly distinguished from it. I will, however, briefly review the arguments which have been urged, and the facts now before me, in order to show more clearly the particular operation they have on my own judgment.
The fact to be established is, that in pursuance of these designs previously entertained, men have been actually assembled for the purpose of making war against the United States, and on the showing of probable cause that this fact has been committed, depends the issue of the present enquiry.
The fact to be established is, that in pursuance of these designs previously entertained, men have been actually assembled for the purpose of making war against the United States, and on the showing of probable cause that this fact has been committed, depends the issue of the present enquiry.
The first piece of testimony relied on to render this fact probable, is the declaration of Mr. Swartwout, that "Col. Burr was levying an armed body of 7,000 men from the state of New-York and the western states and territories, with a view to carry an expedition against the Mexican provinces." The term "levying" has been said, according to the explanation of the Lexicons, to mean the embodying of troops, and therefore prove what is required.
The first piece of testimony relied on to render this fact probable, is the declaration of Mr. Swartwout, that "Col. Burr was levying an armed body of 7,000 men from the state of New-York and the western states and territories, with a view to carry an expedition against the Mexican provinces." The term "levying" has been said, according to the explanation of the Lexicons, to mean the embodying of troops, and therefore prove what is required.
Although I do not suppose that Mr. Swartwout had consulted a Dictionary, I have looked into Johnson for the term, and find its first signification to be "to raise;" its second "to bring together." In common parlance, it may signify the one or the other.—But its sense is certainly decided by the fact. If when Mr. Swartwout left Col. Burr, which must be supposed to have been in July, he was actually embodying men from New-York to the western states, what could veil his troops from human sight? An invisible army is not the instrument of war, and had these troops been visible, some testimony relative to them could have been adduced. I take the real sense then in which this term was used to be, that Col. Burr was raising, or in other words engaging or enlisting men through the country described, for the enterprise he meditated. The utmost point to which this testimony can be extended is, that it denotes a future embodying of men which is more particularly mentioned in the letter itself, and that it affords probable cause to believe that the troops did actually embody at the period designated for their assembling, which is sufficient to induce the Justice to whom the application is made to commit for trial.
Although I do not suppose that Mr. Swartwout had consulted a Dictionary, I have looked into Johnson for the term, and find its first signification to be "to raise;" its second "to bring together." In common parlance, it may signify the one or the other.—But its sense is certainly decided by the fact. If when Mr. Swartwout left Col. Burr, which must be supposed to have been in July, he was actually embodying men from New-York to the western states, what could veil his troops from human sight? An invisible army is not the instrument of war, and had these troops been visible, some testimony relative to them could have been adduced. I take the real sense then in which this term was used to be, that Col. Burr was raising, or in other words engaging or enlisting men through the country described, for the enterprise he meditated. The utmost point to which this testimony can be extended is, that it denotes a future embodying of men which is more particularly mentioned in the letter itself, and that it affords probable cause to believe that the troops did actually embody at the period designated for their assembling, which is sufficient to induce the Justice to whom the application is made to commit for trial.
I shall readily avow my opinion that the strength of the presumption arising from this testimony ought to depend greatly on the time at which the application is made. If soon after the period at which the troops were to assemble, when full time had not elapsed to ascertain the fact, these circumstances had been urged as the ground for a commitment on the charge of treason, I should have thought them entitled to great consideration. I will not deny that in the cases of Bollman and Swartwout, I was not perfectly satisfied that they did not warrant an enquiry into the fact. But I think every person must admit that the weight of these circumstances daily diminishes. Suspicion may deserve great attention, when the means of ascertaining its real grounds are not yet possessed, but when those means are or may have been acquired, if facts to support suspicion be not shown, every person I think must admit that the ministers of justice at least ought not officially to entertain it. This I think must be conceded by all, but whether it be conceded by others or not, it is the dictate of my own judgment, and in the performance of my duty I can know no other guide.
I shall readily avow my opinion that the strength of the presumption arising from this testimony ought to depend greatly on the time at which the application is made. If soon after the period at which the troops were to assemble, when full time had not elapsed to ascertain the fact, these circumstances had been urged as the ground for a commitment on the charge of treason, I should have thought them entitled to great consideration. I will not deny that in the cases of Bollman and Swartwout, I was not perfectly satisfied that they did not warrant an enquiry into the fact. But I think every person must admit that the weight of these circumstances daily diminishes. Suspicion may deserve great attention, when the means of ascertaining its real grounds are not yet possessed, but when those means are or may have been acquired, if facts to support suspicion be not shown, every person I think must admit that the ministers of justice at least ought not officially to entertain it. This I think must be conceded by all, but whether it be conceded by others or not, it is the dictate of my own judgment, and in the performance of my duty I can know no other guide.
The fact to be proved in this case is an act of public notoriety. It must exist in the view of the world, or it cannot exist at all. The assembling of forces to levy war is a visible transaction, and numbers must witness it. It is therefore capable of proof; and when time to collect this proof has been given, it ought to be adduced, or suspicion becomes a ground too weak to stand upon.
The fact to be proved in this case is an act of public notoriety. It must exist in the view of the world, or it cannot exist at all. The assembling of forces to levy war is a visible transaction, and numbers must witness it. It is therefore capable of proof; and when time to collect this proof has been given, it ought to be adduced, or suspicion becomes a ground too weak to stand upon.
Several months have elapsed, since this fact did occur, if it ever occurred. More than five weeks have elapsed, since the opinion of the Supreme Court has declared the necessity of proving the fact, if it exists. Why is it not proved?
Several months have elapsed, since this fact did occur, if it ever occurred. More than five weeks have elapsed, since the opinion of the Supreme Court has declared the necessity of proving the fact, if it exists. Why is it not proved?
To the Executive government is entrusted the
To the Executive government is entrusted the
important power of prosecuting those, whose crimes may disturb the public peace or endanger its safety. It would be easy in much less time than has intervened since Col. Burr has been alleged to have assembled his troops, to procure affidavits establishing the fact. If in November or December last a body of troops had been assembled on the Ohio, it is impossible to suppose that affidavits establishing the fact could not have been obtained by the last of March. I ought not to believe, and I do not believe that there has been any remissness on the part of those who prosecute, on this important and interesting subject; & consequently, when at this late period no evidence, that troops have been actually embodied, is given, I must say that the suspicion, which in the first instance might have been created, ought not to be continued, unless this want of proof can be in some manner accounted for.
important power of prosecuting those, whose crimes may disturb the public peace or endanger its safety. It would be easy in much less time than has intervened since Col. Burr has been alleged to have assembled his troops, to procure affidavits establishing the fact. If in November or December last a body of troops had been assembled on the Ohio, it is impossible to suppose that affidavits establishing the fact could not have been obtained by the last of March. I ought not to believe, and I do not believe that there has been any remissness on the part of those who prosecute, on this important and interesting subject; & consequently, when at this late period no evidence, that troops have been actually embodied, is given, I must say that the suspicion, which in the first instance might have been created, ought not to be continued, unless this want of proof can be in some manner accounted for.
It is stated by the attorney for the United States, that as affidavits can only be voluntary, the difficulty of obtaining them accounts for the absence of proof.
It is stated by the attorney for the United States, that as affidavits can only be voluntary, the difficulty of obtaining them accounts for the absence of proof.
I cannot admit this position. On the evidence furnished by this very transaction of the attachment felt by our Western for their Eastern brethren, we justly felicitate ourselves. How inconsistent with this fact is the idea that no man could be found who would voluntarily depose that a body of troops had actually assembled, whose object must be understood to be hostile to the union, and whose object was detected and defeated by the very people who could give the requisite information!
I cannot admit this position. On the evidence furnished by this very transaction of the attachment felt by our Western for their Eastern brethren, we justly felicitate ourselves. How inconsistent with this fact is the idea that no man could be found who would voluntarily depose that a body of troops had actually assembled, whose object must be understood to be hostile to the union, and whose object was detected and defeated by the very people who could give the requisite information!
I cannot doubt that means to obtain information have been taken on the part of the prosecution; if it existed, I cannot doubt the practicability of obtaining it; and its non production at this late hour does not, in my opinion, leave me at liberty to give to those suspicions, which grow out of other circumstances, that weight to which at an earlier day they might have been entitled.
I cannot doubt that means to obtain information have been taken on the part of the prosecution; if it existed, I cannot doubt the practicability of obtaining it; and its non production at this late hour does not, in my opinion, leave me at liberty to give to those suspicions, which grow out of other circumstances, that weight to which at an earlier day they might have been entitled.
I shall not therefore insert in the commitment, the charge of High Treason. I repeat that this is the less important, because it detracts nothing from the right of the Attorney to prefer an indictment for High Treason, should he be furnished with the necessary testimony.
I shall not therefore insert in the commitment, the charge of High Treason. I repeat that this is the less important, because it detracts nothing from the right of the Attorney to prefer an indictment for High Treason, should he be furnished with the necessary testimony.
Judge Marshall then observed, that he should not commit Col. Burr on the charge of treason; but that he should hold him to bail, on the charge of setting on foot a military expedition against the dominions of Spain: That with respect to the amount of bail, he had made up no definitive opinion. He wished it to be neither too large, to amount to oppression, nor too small to defeat the objects of justice. It had occurred to him, that the sum of 10,000 dollars, would perhaps avoid both these extremes. Mr. Hay was in favour of a larger sum. He had no doubt, from the spirit which had been manifested, that Col. Burr could obtain Bail to almost any amount he pleased. The day before, Col. B. had obtained Bail for 5000 Dollars, and he believed without any solicitation on his part.
Judge Marshall then observed, that he should not commit Col. Burr on the charge of treason; but that he should hold him to bail, on the charge of setting on foot a military expedition against the dominions of Spain: That with respect to the amount of bail, he had made up no definitive opinion. He wished it to be neither too large, to amount to oppression, nor too small to defeat the objects of justice. It had occurred to him, that the sum of 10,000 dollars, would perhaps avoid both these extremes. Mr. Hay was in favour of a larger sum. He had no doubt, from the spirit which had been manifested, that Col. Burr could obtain Bail to almost any amount he pleased. The day before, Col. B. had obtained Bail for 5000 Dollars, and he believed without any solicitation on his part.
Mr. Wickham had supposed that 5 or 6000 Dollars would have been sufficient. It was only on the misdemeanor, that it was to be given. With respect to the possibility of obtaining Bail to any amount, he was unable to express any opinion; it was a subject with which he was personally unacquainted. But as to the spirit which it was said had been manifested, he could say, that he had heard several gentlemen declare themselves unwilling to appear as Bail for Col. Burr, left it should be ascribed to a spirit of opposition to the administration.
Mr. Wickham had supposed that 5 or 6000 Dollars would have been sufficient. It was only on the misdemeanor, that it was to be given. With respect to the possibility of obtaining Bail to any amount, he was unable to express any opinion; it was a subject with which he was personally unacquainted. But as to the spirit which it was said had been manifested, he could say, that he had heard several gentlemen declare themselves unwilling to appear as Bail for Col. Burr, left it should be ascribed to a spirit of opposition to the administration.
Col. Burr rose and observed, that if the government was to pay him for the losses it had made him sustain, 40,000 Dollars, would not indemnify him. And yet this circumstance might operate against his obtaining Bail to a large amount.
Col. Burr rose and observed, that if the government was to pay him for the losses it had made him sustain, 40,000 Dollars, would not indemnify him. And yet this circumstance might operate against his obtaining Bail to a large amount.
Mr. Hay replied. The Judge then observed that he should fix the bail to 10,000 dollars, and that he would meet Col. Burr at the Capitol at 3 o'clock to receive it.
Mr. Hay replied. The Judge then observed that he should fix the bail to 10,000 dollars, and that he would meet Col. Burr at the Capitol at 3 o'clock to receive it.
At 3 o'clock, the Judge met the parties: when Messrs. Thomas Taylor, John G. Gamble, John Hopkins, Henry Heth, and Langborn appeared as his securities.
At 3 o'clock, the Judge met the parties: when Messrs. Thomas Taylor, John G. Gamble, John Hopkins, Henry Heth, and Langborn appeared as his securities.
The affidavit of Commodore Truxton did not get to the hands of the attorney of the U. States before Tuesday night; of course it was not exhibited on the examination.—Mr. Rodney left this city yesterday morning, for Washington.
The affidavit of Commodore Truxton did not get to the hands of the attorney of the U. States before Tuesday night; of course it was not exhibited on the examination.—Mr. Rodney left this city yesterday morning, for Washington.
MARRIED, on Monday evening last, by the Rev'd. J. Buchanan, MR. NICHOLAS B. VAN ZANT, of the City of Washington, to the amiable and much admired Miss MARIA WOOD SOUTHALL, of this City.
MARRIED, on Monday evening last, by the Rev'd. J. Buchanan, MR. NICHOLAS B. VAN ZANT, of the City of Washington, to the amiable and much admired Miss MARIA WOOD SOUTHALL, of this City.
On Thursday 26th of last month, by the Rev'd. J. Saunders, LA FAYETTE HENRY, Esq. to the amiable Miss ANN ELEAN, both of Buckingham county.
On Thursday 26th of last month, by the Rev'd. J. Saunders, LA FAYETTE HENRY, Esq. to the amiable Miss ANN ELEAN, both of Buckingham county.
Sales at Auction.
Sales at Auction.
On Saturday the 4th inst. will be sold at the Iron Foundry of James Dunlop, deceased, A QUANTITY OF CASTINGS, CONSISTING of Gudgeons, Ioks and fundry other articles used in the construction of Mills, Weights, Grates, Stoves, Ploughshares, &c. &c. A quantity of Pig Iron; two very large Bellows, and a considerable number of moulds and other implements belonging to the casting business.
On Saturday the 4th inst. will be sold at the Iron Foundry of James Dunlop, deceased, A QUANTITY OF CASTINGS, CONSISTING of Gudgeons, Ioks and fundry other articles used in the construction of Mills, Weights, Grates, Stoves, Ploughshares, &c. &c. A quantity of Pig Iron; two very large Bellows, and a considerable number of moulds and other implements belonging to the casting business.
Aproposed endorsed negotiable notes at 60 days will be received for all sums above Fifty Dollars. By order of the Administrators. TAYLOR & BROWN, v. m's. April 3.
Aproposed endorsed negotiable notes at 60 days will be received for all sums above Fifty Dollars. By order of the Administrators. TAYLOR & BROWN, v. m's. April 3.
LAND—FOR SALE.
LAND—FOR SALE.
On the 27th day of this month, at Cumberland Court-house, being court day: WILL be offered to the highest bidder, a tract of LAND belonging to the estate of Peter Field Trent, dec. in Cumberland county, on Willis's river, and adjoining the town of Cairo, containing by estimation 786 ACRES. This sale is made in conformity to a decree of the Superior Court of Chancery, for the Richmond District, to satisfy a debt therein mentioned, due to Alexander Trent's estate. The terms of sale are one third down, one third in twelve months, and the balance in two years, from the day of sale.—Bonds, with a Deed of Trust on the land will be demanded by the
On the 27th day of this month, at Cumberland Court-house, being court day: WILL be offered to the highest bidder, a tract of LAND belonging to the estate of Peter Field Trent, dec. in Cumberland county, on Willis's river, and adjoining the town of Cairo, containing by estimation 786 ACRES. This sale is made in conformity to a decree of the Superior Court of Chancery, for the Richmond District, to satisfy a debt therein mentioned, due to Alexander Trent's estate. The terms of sale are one third down, one third in twelve months, and the balance in two years, from the day of sale.—Bonds, with a Deed of Trust on the land will be demanded by the
COMMISSIONERS. April 3. tdf.
COMMISSIONERS. April 3. tdf.
To be sold, to the highest bidder, on the premises, on the 5th day of May next,
To be sold, to the highest bidder, on the premises, on the 5th day of May next,
SO much of the LAND, whereon John Kelsi lives, in the county of Cumberland, late the property of Peter Francisco, as will pay the balance claimed of him, by Samuel G. Adams of F. 100, with its interest, by virtue of a Deed of Trust executed to me, by the said Peter Francisco, for that purpose. Wm. RANDOLPH, Trustee. April 3. eptf.
SO much of the LAND, whereon John Kelsi lives, in the county of Cumberland, late the property of Peter Francisco, as will pay the balance claimed of him, by Samuel G. Adams of F. 100, with its interest, by virtue of a Deed of Trust executed to me, by the said Peter Francisco, for that purpose. Wm. RANDOLPH, Trustee. April 3. eptf.
Letters
Letters
REMAINING IN THE POST-OFFICE, RICHMOND, VIRGINIA, MARCH 31st, 1807, WHICH HAVE NOT ALREADY BEEN ADVERTISED.
REMAINING IN THE POST-OFFICE, RICHMOND, VIRGINIA, MARCH 31st, 1807, WHICH HAVE NOT ALREADY BEEN ADVERTISED.
A.—Richard Abraham, John Aundell, Solomon Allen, Thos. Armittee, Adeline Abbott, Mary M. Ayler, Elizabeth Allen, Spencer Alvis, Wm. Aylett. B.—Miss C. Blarow, Edwin Boyd, Wm. Burns, Wm. N. Burwell, Liddell Bowls, Miss Ann T. Baggers, Cunningham Burton, Simon Blackburn, Miss Polly Bowler, Benj. Botts, Samuel Barrett, Wm. Burwell, Richard Bowdward, Wm. Banks John Browing. C.—Robert Campbell, Charles Conway, John Courtney, sen. Miss S. Clifford, Miss Jane M. Carter, Tucker Coles, Wm. Childrey, Miss R. Carlton, John Carter, Dennis Cobill. D.—Mrs. Frances Dudley, Wm. Duval, Sarah Dandridge, Peter Dungan, Wm. Dabney jr. Hugh Davis, Richard Dunlavey, Archibald Dazel, Wm. Dudley, Miss Mary Dunlavey, Duras Doyle, John Daugherty, Monsieur Dance. E.—Thos. Elliott, Eta Emanuel. F.—Wm. Fontaine, Jackson Prayser, Jno. Piggott, Jno. H. Farbender, G. Fisher & Co. Maclure Fergus-hugh. G.—Henry Cary Gift, John Gray, Thos. Goldsmith, Stephen W. Gray, Henry P. Guy, Albin Gilpin, Capt. John Goode, Stafford Gibbs, James Gordon, Miss Mary Green, James Gray, Bryan Griffin, Daniel Gurrant, Leman Cludes. H.—Geo. Harrison, Samuel Harbert, Wm. Haylard, Richd. Henley, Wm. H. Harding, John Hobbie, Sally Harlow, Joseph L. Hawkins, Wm. A. Haffey Maria Hackley, Miss Ann Harris. I.—John Johnson, John Jones, Thos. Johnson, Samuel Jones, rs Hannah S. Jones. K.—Jas. Kilwell, John Keitch. L.—John Lartley, John Lovell, Sparrows Lippcomb, Mrs. J. Lewis, Mrs. Peggy Lomax, Peyton Lynch, Samuel Leonard, Wilson Lumpkin, Samuel Leech. M.—W. Merrill, Miss Berley M'Goy, Wm. L. Morton, Richard Morris, Jas. M'Laughlin, Miss L. Mann, Mrs. Sarah Miller, Dr. John Morgan, Ann Meredith Miss Jane Morton, Austin morris, Miss Parsey Morrison, Capt. John Mofs, James M'Killop, Wm. Mann, d. m. George markham, Dr. Charles Meriwether, Jas. Morris, John minor, Thos. Mathias, Robt. Miller, Mrs. E. Mothy, Daniel Monroe, Thomas Maul. N.—Robert Neil, Charles Normant, Samuel Normant, Frank Nugin. P.—Matthew Pace, A. Pearce, John Purfe, Catharine Paul, Samuel Paine, M. P. Parsons, John Paul, Samuel Pointer, Mrs. Mary Pheope, John Parker John Pearce, jr. R.—Wm. Radford, John Robertson, Wm. Raleigh, John Royler, Philip Rogers, Benjamin Reeder, James Rowland, John Randolph jr. Fleming Russell, Virginia Ratcliff, Henry Rose, Molly Red, Wm. Richardson. S.—Miss Sarah Smith, Francis Smith, Joseph Smith, Charles Southgate, syman smith, James summer-vill, John Sibley, William stark, stuart smith, John shepherd, George w. smith, John sturr, Miss E. shelton, Robert P. Smith, Francis sheppard, Nathaniel smith, Southey L. Savage. T.—Bennett Taylor, Henry Toler, Benjamin C. Timberlake, Richard Terrill, Richardson Taylor, Bryan G. Turner, Archibald Toney, Richard Taylor, John raybe, Mons. A. trouin, John C. raylor, Marg. M. rabb. V.—James Young. W.—Samuel Warner, John whitlis, Cave withers, mary whitcomb, Ann Williams, Nathaniel wilkinson, Cruger wright, Capt. Edward warton, Robt. white, Dr. Benjamin P. warkins, Stephen whitus, Mrs. sufanna worley. M. VANDEWALL, P. M.
A.—Richard Abraham, John Aundell, Solomon Allen, Thos. Armittee, Adeline Abbott, Mary M. Ayler, Elizabeth Allen, Spencer Alvis, Wm. Aylett. B.—Miss C. Blarow, Edwin Boyd, Wm. Burns, Wm. N. Burwell, Liddell Bowls, Miss Ann T. Baggers, Cunningham Burton, Simon Blackburn, Miss Polly Bowler, Benj. Botts, Samuel Barrett, Wm. Burwell, Richard Bowdward, Wm. Banks John Browing. C.—Robert Campbell, Charles Conway, John Courtney, sen. Miss S. Clifford, Miss Jane M. Carter, Tucker Coles, Wm. Childrey, Miss R. Carlton, John Carter, Dennis Cobill. D.—Mrs. Frances Dudley, Wm. Duval, Sarah Dandridge, Peter Dungan, Wm. Dabney jr. Hugh Davis, Richard Dunlavey, Archibald Dazel, Wm. Dudley, Miss Mary Dunlavey, Duras Doyle, John Daugherty, Monsieur Dance. E.—Thos. Elliott, Eta Emanuel. F.—Wm. Fontaine, Jackson Prayser, Jno. Piggott, Jno. H. Farbender, G. Fisher & Co. Maclure Fergus-hugh. G.—Henry Cary Gift, John Gray, Thos. Goldsmith, Stephen W. Gray, Henry P. Guy, Albin Gilpin, Capt. John Goode, Stafford Gibbs, James Gordon, Miss Mary Green, James Gray, Bryan Griffin, Daniel Gurrant, Leman Cludes. H.—Geo. Harrison, Samuel Harbert, Wm. Haylard, Richd. Henley, Wm. H. Harding, John Hobbie, Sally Harlow, Joseph L. Hawkins, Wm. A. Haffey Maria Hackley, Miss Ann Harris. I.—John Johnson, John Jones, Thos. Johnson, Samuel Jones, rs Hannah S. Jones. K.—Jas. Kilwell, John Keitch. L.—John Lartley, John Lovell, Sparrows Lippcomb, Mrs. J. Lewis, Mrs. Peggy Lomax, Peyton Lynch, Samuel Leonard, Wilson Lumpkin, Samuel Leech. M.—W. Merrill, Miss Berley M'Goy, Wm. L. Morton, Richard Morris, Jas. M'Laughlin, Miss L. Mann, Mrs. Sarah Miller, Dr. John Morgan, Ann Meredith Miss Jane Morton, Austin morris, Miss Parsey Morrison, Capt. John Mofs, James M'Killop, Wm. Mann, d. m. George markham, Dr. Charles Meriwether, Jas. Morris, John minor, Thos. Mathias, Robt. Miller, Mrs. E. Mothy, Daniel Monroe, Thomas Maul. N.—Robert Neil, Charles Normant, Samuel Normant, Frank Nugin. P.—Matthew Pace, A. Pearce, John Purfe, Catharine Paul, Samuel Paine, M. P. Parsons, John Paul, Samuel Pointer, Mrs. Mary Pheope, John Parker John Pearce, jr. R.—Wm. Radford, John Robertson, Wm. Raleigh, John Royler, Philip Rogers, Benjamin Reeder, James Rowland, John Randolph jr. Fleming Russell, Virginia Ratcliff, Henry Rose, Molly Red, Wm. Richardson. S.—Miss Sarah Smith, Francis Smith, Joseph Smith, Charles Southgate, syman smith, James summer-vill, John Sibley, William stark, stuart smith, John shepherd, George w. smith, John sturr, Miss E. shelton, Robert P. Smith, Francis sheppard, Nathaniel smith, Southey L. Savage. T.—Bennett Taylor, Henry Toler, Benjamin C. Timberlake, Richard Terrill, Richardson Taylor, Bryan G. Turner, Archibald Toney, Richard Taylor, John raybe, Mons. A. trouin, John C. raylor, Marg. M. rabb. V.—James Young. W.—Samuel Warner, John whitlis, Cave withers, mary whitcomb, Ann Williams, Nathaniel wilkinson, Cruger wright, Capt. Edward warton, Robt. white, Dr. Benjamin P. warkins, Stephen whitus, Mrs. sufanna worley. M. VANDEWALL, P. M.
April 3.
April 3.
MILITARY LANDS
MILITARY LANDS
In the State of Ohio for Sale. WHEREAS William Carter, late of the city of Richmond, commonly called Doctor William Carter, was, on the first day of August 1797, and at the time of his death, entitled by warrant or warrants for services as a Surgeon, in the service of the United States, to 4000 acres of such Lands, and made his testament and last will on the same day, & whereby he directed, "That as soon as the Surveys of his Lands on the waters of the Scioto, a north west of the river Ohio could be received, and a Patent or Patents obtained for the same, the said Lands might be sold to the best advantage, and on the longest credit, that the purchase of his houses and lots would admit of," and departed this life, without altering or revoking the said testament, whereof he constituted three Executors, two of whom, to wit, Joseph Jackson and the subscriber, both of the city of Richmond, only, took that office upon themselves. And whereas before the said surveys could be obtained, to wit, two of eight hundred acres each, and one of twelve hundred acres, on the upper side of Darby creek, and one of one thousand, and one of two hundred acres on the waters of the said creek, the Lands so surveyed had been ceded by the commonwealth of Virginia, to the United States, whereby the obtainerment of Patents for the same had been hitherto obstructed; But that obstruction has been, lately removed by an act of Congress, though the circumstance of the estate of the said testator, will not admit any extensive credit, to be given to the purchaser or purchasers.
In the State of Ohio for Sale. WHEREAS William Carter, late of the city of Richmond, commonly called Doctor William Carter, was, on the first day of August 1797, and at the time of his death, entitled by warrant or warrants for services as a Surgeon, in the service of the United States, to 4000 acres of such Lands, and made his testament and last will on the same day, & whereby he directed, "That as soon as the Surveys of his Lands on the waters of the Scioto, a north west of the river Ohio could be received, and a Patent or Patents obtained for the same, the said Lands might be sold to the best advantage, and on the longest credit, that the purchase of his houses and lots would admit of," and departed this life, without altering or revoking the said testament, whereof he constituted three Executors, two of whom, to wit, Joseph Jackson and the subscriber, both of the city of Richmond, only, took that office upon themselves. And whereas before the said surveys could be obtained, to wit, two of eight hundred acres each, and one of twelve hundred acres, on the upper side of Darby creek, and one of one thousand, and one of two hundred acres on the waters of the said creek, the Lands so surveyed had been ceded by the commonwealth of Virginia, to the United States, whereby the obtainerment of Patents for the same had been hitherto obstructed; But that obstruction has been, lately removed by an act of Congress, though the circumstance of the estate of the said testator, will not admit any extensive credit, to be given to the purchaser or purchasers.
I, as acting Executor of the said Testament, hereby notify to the public, that a sale of the said lands, will be made at the front door of the Eagle Tavern, in the city of Richmond, on Tuesday the 12th day of May next ensuing, at Public Auction, to the best bidder, for the most that can be gotten, in ready money, or notes, with approved endorser, negotiable, and payable at the Bank of Virginia, within 60 days of the day of sale, when satisfactory proof relative to the title of Doctor Carter, will be exhibited by the subscriber, and when he will be ready to transfer the same, with a covenant of warranty against all his own acts tending to lessen or impair the same. CHARLES SPENCER, law tdf. April 3.
I, as acting Executor of the said Testament, hereby notify to the public, that a sale of the said lands, will be made at the front door of the Eagle Tavern, in the city of Richmond, on Tuesday the 12th day of May next ensuing, at Public Auction, to the best bidder, for the most that can be gotten, in ready money, or notes, with approved endorser, negotiable, and payable at the Bank of Virginia, within 60 days of the day of sale, when satisfactory proof relative to the title of Doctor Carter, will be exhibited by the subscriber, and when he will be ready to transfer the same, with a covenant of warranty against all his own acts tending to lessen or impair the same. CHARLES SPENCER, law tdf. April 3.
TO RENT,
TO RENT,
For three or five years: THAT valuable TANYARD of the late Mr. Jacob Boeckius, and now occupied by the Subscriber situated on the main Street of this city, between the Capitol and Basin of the canal, its conveniences are superior to any other in this place. A large Currying Shop, Cellar and drying loft, a spacious Bark-House, two Bark Mills and Houses, a Beam House and every other requisite for the tanning of from 2 to 3000 hides a year, exclusive of flims: Also on the same tenement a convenient DWELLING HOUSE, Kitchen, Smoke-House, Stable and Garden, the renter may be accommodated with about one hundred cords of excellent red and black oak Bark, now in the Bark House at a fair price. Proposals for the above will be received by the subscriber.
For three or five years: THAT valuable TANYARD of the late Mr. Jacob Boeckius, and now occupied by the Subscriber situated on the main Street of this city, between the Capitol and Basin of the canal, its conveniences are superior to any other in this place. A large Currying Shop, Cellar and drying loft, a spacious Bark-House, two Bark Mills and Houses, a Beam House and every other requisite for the tanning of from 2 to 3000 hides a year, exclusive of flims: Also on the same tenement a convenient DWELLING HOUSE, Kitchen, Smoke-House, Stable and Garden, the renter may be accommodated with about one hundred cords of excellent red and black oak Bark, now in the Bark House at a fair price. Proposals for the above will be received by the subscriber.
Bond with approved security will be required, and possession given of the whole, except a few of the vats, for the first of September next. The renter is assigned for offering the foregoing property for rent, is the ill state of health of the Subscriber to pay that attention the business requires. MARCUS ELCAN. April 3. tf.
Bond with approved security will be required, and possession given of the whole, except a few of the vats, for the first of September next. The renter is assigned for offering the foregoing property for rent, is the ill state of health of the Subscriber to pay that attention the business requires. MARCUS ELCAN. April 3. tf.
JUST PUBLISHED,
JUST PUBLISHED,
And for sale at S. Grantland's Printing-Office and Book Store. THE BIOGRAPHY & LETTERS of that celebrated wit and beauty Miss Fanny Burney, translated from the French by Mrs. Griffith. A general assortment of BOOKS for sale as above. Printing, in all its variety, is executed by S. Grantland, with accuracy and dispatch, on moderate terms. April 3. tf.
And for sale at S. Grantland's Printing-Office and Book Store. THE BIOGRAPHY & LETTERS of that celebrated wit and beauty Miss Fanny Burney, translated from the French by Mrs. Griffith. A general assortment of BOOKS for sale as above. Printing, in all its variety, is executed by S. Grantland, with accuracy and dispatch, on moderate terms. April 3. tf.

Miscellaneous.
Miscellaneous.
From a Liverpool Paper of February 7.
From a Liverpool Paper of February 7.
NEW PLAN OF FINANCE.
NEW PLAN OF FINANCE.
[The following Sketch of the New Plan of Finance, submitted on Thursday to Parliament, by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, is submitted to our readers, as calculated to explain any difficulty which may arise on a perusal of the Parliamentary report.]
[The following Sketch of the New Plan of Finance, submitted on Thursday to Parliament, by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, is submitted to our readers, as calculated to explain any difficulty which may arise on a perusal of the Parliamentary report.]
The New Plan of Finance proposes to have for its object a provision of the means of maintaining the honour and independence of the British Empire during the necessary continuance of the war; without perceptibly increasing the burthens of the country, and with manifest benefit to the interests of the public creditor.
The New Plan of Finance proposes to have for its object a provision of the means of maintaining the honour and independence of the British Empire during the necessary continuance of the war; without perceptibly increasing the burthens of the country, and with manifest benefit to the interests of the public creditor.
The proposed measure is grounded on the flourishing state of the Permanent Revenue; on the great produce of the War Taxes; on the high and accumulating amount of the Sinking Fund; and on some inferior aids to be derived from revenues set free by annuities originally granted for a term of years, and now expiring.
The proposed measure is grounded on the flourishing state of the Permanent Revenue; on the great produce of the War Taxes; on the high and accumulating amount of the Sinking Fund; and on some inferior aids to be derived from revenues set free by annuities originally granted for a term of years, and now expiring.
The plan is adapted to meet a scale of expenditure nearly equal to that of the year 1806; and it assumes that during the war, the annual produce of the permanent and temporary revenues will continue equal to the produce of the same year 1806. It is understood, that any further or unforeseen charge or any deficiency of revenue, shall be separately and specially provided for.
The plan is adapted to meet a scale of expenditure nearly equal to that of the year 1806; and it assumes that during the war, the annual produce of the permanent and temporary revenues will continue equal to the produce of the same year 1806. It is understood, that any further or unforeseen charge or any deficiency of revenue, shall be separately and specially provided for.
Keeping these premises in view, it is proposed, that the War Loans for the years 1807, 1808, and 1809, shall be 12 millions annually; for the year 1810, 14 millions; and for each of the ten following years, 15 millions.
Keeping these premises in view, it is proposed, that the War Loans for the years 1807, 1808, and 1809, shall be 12 millions annually; for the year 1810, 14 millions; and for each of the ten following years, 15 millions.
Those several Loans, amounting for the fourteen years to 210 millions, are to be made a charge on the War Taxes, which are estimated to produce 21 millions annually.
Those several Loans, amounting for the fourteen years to 210 millions, are to be made a charge on the War Taxes, which are estimated to produce 21 millions annually.
The charge thus thrown on the War Taxes is meant to be at the rate of ten per cent. on each Loan. Every such Loan will therefore pledge 10 per cent. of the War Taxes as will be equal to meet this charge; that is, a Loan of 12 millions will pledge 1,200,000. of the War Taxes. And in each year, if the war should be continued, a further portion of the War Taxes will, in the same manner be pledged. And consequently, at the end of fourteen years, if the war should last so long, 24 millions, the whole produce of the War Taxes, would be pledged for the total of the Loans, which would at that time have amounted to 210 millions.
The charge thus thrown on the War Taxes is meant to be at the rate of ten per cent. on each Loan. Every such Loan will therefore pledge 10 per cent. of the War Taxes as will be equal to meet this charge; that is, a Loan of 12 millions will pledge 1,200,000. of the War Taxes. And in each year, if the war should be continued, a further portion of the War Taxes will, in the same manner be pledged. And consequently, at the end of fourteen years, if the war should last so long, 24 millions, the whole produce of the War Taxes, would be pledged for the total of the Loans, which would at that time have amounted to 210 millions.
The ten per cent. charge thus accompanying each Loan, will be applied to pay the interest of the Loan, and to form a Sinking Fund, which Sinking Fund will evidently be more than five per cent. on each of the several Loans as shall be obtained at a less rate of interest than five per cent.
The ten per cent. charge thus accompanying each Loan, will be applied to pay the interest of the Loan, and to form a Sinking Fund, which Sinking Fund will evidently be more than five per cent. on each of the several Loans as shall be obtained at a less rate of interest than five per cent.
It is well known, that a five per cent. Sinking Fund, accumulating at compound interest, will redeem any sum of capital debt in 14 years. Consequently, the several portions of the War Taxes, proposed to be pledged for the several Loans above mentioned, will have redeemed their respective Loans, and be successively liberated in periods of 14 years from the date of each such Loan. The portions of War Taxes thus liberated, may, if the war should still be prolonged, become applicable in revolving series, and may be again pledged for new Loans.
It is well known, that a five per cent. Sinking Fund, accumulating at compound interest, will redeem any sum of capital debt in 14 years. Consequently, the several portions of the War Taxes, proposed to be pledged for the several Loans above mentioned, will have redeemed their respective Loans, and be successively liberated in periods of 14 years from the date of each such Loan. The portions of War Taxes thus liberated, may, if the war should still be prolonged, become applicable in revolving series, and may be again pledged for new Loans.
It is, however, shown by the printed calculations and tables, that whatever may be the continuance of the operation, the Property Tax will not be payable beyond the period for which it is now granted by the 46 Geo. 3. ch. 67. but will, in every case, be in force only during the war, and until the 6th day of April next after the ratification of a definitive Treaty of Peace, and no longer.
It is, however, shown by the printed calculations and tables, that whatever may be the continuance of the operation, the Property Tax will not be payable beyond the period for which it is now granted by the 46 Geo. 3. ch. 67. but will, in every case, be in force only during the war, and until the 6th day of April next after the ratification of a definitive Treaty of Peace, and no longer.
It is next to be observed, that the charge for the interest and Sinking Fund of the proposed Loans, being taken from the annual produce of the War Taxes, a deficiency equal to that charge will be created in the amount of the temporary revenue applicable to the War Expenditure.
It is next to be observed, that the charge for the interest and Sinking Fund of the proposed Loans, being taken from the annual produce of the War Taxes, a deficiency equal to that charge will be created in the amount of the temporary revenue applicable to the War Expenditure.
Supplementary Loans will be requisite to make good that deficiency.
Supplementary Loans will be requisite to make good that deficiency.
Those Supplementary Loans must increase in proportion to the increasing deficiency, if the War should be continued; but will never amount, even in a period of 20 years from the present time, to more than five millions in any year, beyond the amount to which the Sinking Fund of that year will have been raised by this plan.
Those Supplementary Loans must increase in proportion to the increasing deficiency, if the War should be continued; but will never amount, even in a period of 20 years from the present time, to more than five millions in any year, beyond the amount to which the Sinking Fund of that year will have been raised by this plan.
It is proposed that the Supplementary Loans shall be formed on the established system of a Sinking Fund of one per cent. on the nominal capital.
It is proposed that the Supplementary Loans shall be formed on the established system of a Sinking Fund of one per cent. on the nominal capital.
The charge to be created will be provided for, during the first three years, by the expiring Annuities; and during that period the country will have the benefit of an exemption from all additional burthens.
The charge to be created will be provided for, during the first three years, by the expiring Annuities; and during that period the country will have the benefit of an exemption from all additional burthens.
From 1809, and for the six following years, a charge must be provided for, amounting on the average of those seven years, to not more than 293,000. annually.
From 1809, and for the six following years, a charge must be provided for, amounting on the average of those seven years, to not more than 293,000. annually.
And thus provision is made, on the scale of actual expenditure, for ten years of war, if it should be necessary, without any additional Taxes, except to the inconsiderable amount above stated. At the close of that period, taking the three per cents. at 60, and reducing the whole of the Public Debts at that rate to a money capital, the combined amount of the Public Debts will be 387,368,000. and the combined amount of the several Sinking Funds then existing, will be 23,720,000. whereas the present amount of the whole Public Debt, taken on the same scale of calculation, is 352,793,000. and the present amount of the Sinking Funds is no more than 8,335,000.
And thus provision is made, on the scale of actual expenditure, for ten years of war, if it should be necessary, without any additional Taxes, except to the inconsiderable amount above stated. At the close of that period, taking the three per cents. at 60, and reducing the whole of the Public Debts at that rate to a money capital, the combined amount of the Public Debts will be 387,368,000. and the combined amount of the several Sinking Funds then existing, will be 23,720,000. whereas the present amount of the whole Public Debt, taken on the same scale of calculation, is 352,793,000. and the present amount of the Sinking Funds is no more than 8,335,000.
If the war should still be continued beyond the ten years thus provided for, it is proposed to take in aid of the public burthens certain excises to accrue from the present Sinking Fund. That Fund, which Mr. Pitt originally proposed to limit to four millions annually, will, with the very large additions derived to it from this new plan, have accumulated in 1807, to so large an amount as 24 millions sterling. In the application of such a sum, neither the true principles of Mr. Pitt's system, nor any just view of the real interests of the public, or even of the Stockholder himself, can be considered as any longer opposing an obstacle to the means of obtaining at such a moment some aid in alleviation of the burthens and necessities of the country. But it is not proposed in any case to apply to the charge of new Loans, a larger portion of the Sinking Fund than such as will always leave an amount of Sinking Fund equal to the interest payable on such part of the present Debt as shall remain unredemed. Nor is it meant that this or any other operation of Finance shall ever prevent the redemption of a sum equal to the present Debt in as short a period as that in which it would have been redeemed, if this New Plan had been brought forward. Nor will the final redemption of any Supplementary Loans be postponed beyond the period of 45 years prescribed by the Act of 1793, for the extinction of all future Loans. While each of the annual War Loans will be successively redeemed in fourteen years from the date of its creation, so long as War shall continue; and whenever Peace shall come, will be redeemed always within a period far short of the 45 years required by the above mentioned act.
If the war should still be continued beyond the ten years thus provided for, it is proposed to take in aid of the public burthens certain excises to accrue from the present Sinking Fund. That Fund, which Mr. Pitt originally proposed to limit to four millions annually, will, with the very large additions derived to it from this new plan, have accumulated in 1807, to so large an amount as 24 millions sterling. In the application of such a sum, neither the true principles of Mr. Pitt's system, nor any just view of the real interests of the public, or even of the Stockholder himself, can be considered as any longer opposing an obstacle to the means of obtaining at such a moment some aid in alleviation of the burthens and necessities of the country. But it is not proposed in any case to apply to the charge of new Loans, a larger portion of the Sinking Fund than such as will always leave an amount of Sinking Fund equal to the interest payable on such part of the present Debt as shall remain unredemed. Nor is it meant that this or any other operation of Finance shall ever prevent the redemption of a sum equal to the present Debt in as short a period as that in which it would have been redeemed, if this New Plan had been brought forward. Nor will the final redemption of any Supplementary Loans be postponed beyond the period of 45 years prescribed by the Act of 1793, for the extinction of all future Loans. While each of the annual War Loans will be successively redeemed in fourteen years from the date of its creation, so long as War shall continue; and whenever Peace shall come, will be redeemed always within a period far short of the 45 years required by the above mentioned act.
There will not be imposed any new Taxes for three years. New Taxes (less than 300,000. on an average of seven years, from 1812 to 1816, both inclusive) are all that will be necessary to procure the full benefit of this plan, which will continue for 2 years, during the last 10 of which no new Taxes whatever will be required.
There will not be imposed any new Taxes for three years. New Taxes (less than 300,000. on an average of seven years, from 1812 to 1816, both inclusive) are all that will be necessary to procure the full benefit of this plan, which will continue for 2 years, during the last 10 of which no new Taxes whatever will be required.
AMERICAN IMPROVEMENTS IN PHYSIC.
AMERICAN IMPROVEMENTS IN PHYSIC.
Dr. THOMAS BROOKES, the celebrated English Physician, a great reader of American books. He has abandoned the Old School on the question of Contagion, and become a complete convert to the non-contagionists of yellow fever. In a letter to one of his correspondents he writes thus, "I do not know any country in which so much has been done for the cause of Vaccine Inoculation, the most useful practice ever fallen upon." Indeed it must be owned, that since the appearance of the yellow fever in 1791, and more especially since the commencement of the American Periodical work on Medicine at New-York in 1797, a new Era has commenced in the history of that profession. Nat. Int.
Dr. THOMAS BROOKES, the celebrated English Physician, a great reader of American books. He has abandoned the Old School on the question of Contagion, and become a complete convert to the non-contagionists of yellow fever. In a letter to one of his correspondents he writes thus, "I do not know any country in which so much has been done for the cause of Vaccine Inoculation, the most useful practice ever fallen upon." Indeed it must be owned, that since the appearance of the yellow fever in 1791, and more especially since the commencement of the American Periodical work on Medicine at New-York in 1797, a new Era has commenced in the history of that profession. Nat. Int.
FROM THE AURORA.
FROM THE AURORA.
COMMUNICATION.
COMMUNICATION.
By inserting the following project for boats to run against the stream you will oblige your humble servant.
By inserting the following project for boats to run against the stream you will oblige your humble servant.
Project. —The boat or vessel should be built long, flat, and sharp, like a particular kind of batteaux; as the resistance a boat meets with when sailing against the current, principally at the bow, while the water passing along the sides, has comparatively but little effect—and as vessels for this purpose would seldom navigate in tide waters where they would be exposed to storms, the timbers and plank should be as small and light as safety would permit; place in the stern, two small wheels, one on each side of the rudder, which wheels are to be turned by the water is under way—in each wheel six or eight cog-like wheels to be used in grist mills, which must be so contrived as to raise or lower, by a screw or some wind mill or fans, to be placed on the deck, must also be similar to those used in grist or merchant mills, where the boats go by water. Suppose a vessel twelve or fourteen feet in width, and thirty-five feet in length, exclusive of the cabin—place on each side of the deck four wind mills or fans, between two and three feet distant from each other—they should be of the following dimensions, viz. four feet in width, the wings two feet in depth, to be turned by the water wheels, and the machinery affixed to them—when the vessel is under way, the wind to be discharged from the fans in a horizontal direction—I mention this because the wind discharged from the Dutch fans is delivered from the fan at an angle of sixty degrees from the horizon; yet when one of these fans is turned in the swiftest manner possible, the power of the wind on the wheel is equal to a very strong wind or gale—all the axletrees of these wind mills, should run on small wheels as they would be turned with more ease and swiftness; the space from which the wind is discharged from the fan being four feet in width, and say three feet in depth making twelve square feet; but by the time the wind had gone two and two and a half feet, it will spread one foot on each side, making six feet in width, and two feet perpendicular; which is five feet, or thirty square feet to each fan. If then on experiment, it shall be found that an artificial wind can be made on the deck, equal to a gale, the question would be simply this: Will a vessel of the dimensions I have mentioned, run against the common currents of our rivers, built high for the purpose, going before a gale operating on two hundred and forty square feet of canvas, or which is the same thing, a main sail twenty feet in height, fourteen wide at the bottom, and ten feet at the top. As I have shown the above plan to a number of persons who think there is some probability of its succeeding, but none have undertaken to make the experiment, and not having the means to make it myself, should any person or persons think proper to make it, the subscriber will enter into a contract both liberal and generous.
Project. —The boat or vessel should be built long, flat, and sharp, like a particular kind of batteaux; as the resistance a boat meets with when sailing against the current, principally at the bow, while the water passing along the sides, has comparatively but little effect—and as vessels for this purpose would seldom navigate in tide waters where they would be exposed to storms, the timbers and plank should be as small and light as safety would permit; place in the stern, two small wheels, one on each side of the rudder, which wheels are to be turned by the water is under way—in each wheel six or eight cog-like wheels to be used in grist mills, which must be so contrived as to raise or lower, by a screw or some wind mill or fans, to be placed on the deck, must also be similar to those used in grist or merchant mills, where the boats go by water. Suppose a vessel twelve or fourteen feet in width, and thirty-five feet in length, exclusive of the cabin—place on each side of the deck four wind mills or fans, between two and three feet distant from each other—they should be of the following dimensions, viz. four feet in width, the wings two feet in depth, to be turned by the water wheels, and the machinery affixed to them—when the vessel is under way, the wind to be discharged from the fans in a horizontal direction—I mention this because the wind discharged from the Dutch fans is delivered from the fan at an angle of sixty degrees from the horizon; yet when one of these fans is turned in the swiftest manner possible, the power of the wind on the wheel is equal to a very strong wind or gale—all the axletrees of these wind mills, should run on small wheels as they would be turned with more ease and swiftness; the space from which the wind is discharged from the fan being four feet in width, and say three feet in depth making twelve square feet; but by the time the wind had gone two and two and a half feet, it will spread one foot on each side, making six feet in width, and two feet perpendicular; which is five feet, or thirty square feet to each fan. If then on experiment, it shall be found that an artificial wind can be made on the deck, equal to a gale, the question would be simply this: Will a vessel of the dimensions I have mentioned, run against the common currents of our rivers, built high for the purpose, going before a gale operating on two hundred and forty square feet of canvas, or which is the same thing, a main sail twenty feet in height, fourteen wide at the bottom, and ten feet at the top. As I have shown the above plan to a number of persons who think there is some probability of its succeeding, but none have undertaken to make the experiment, and not having the means to make it myself, should any person or persons think proper to make it, the subscriber will enter into a contract both liberal and generous.
JOHN PECK. Cumberland County, N. Jersey, Jan. 21, 1807.
JOHN PECK. Cumberland County, N. Jersey, Jan. 21, 1807.
A new flute. —An artist at Paris has invented a flute of flint glass, which for the firmness of its tones, is said far to surpass those made of wood.
A new flute. —An artist at Paris has invented a flute of flint glass, which for the firmness of its tones, is said far to surpass those made of wood.
By Authority.
By Authority.
LAWS OF THE U. STATES.
LAWS OF THE U. STATES.
AN ACT
AN ACT
Making appropriations for carrying into effect a treaty between the United States and the Chickasaw tribe of Indians; and to establish a land office in the Mississippi territory.
Making appropriations for carrying into effect a treaty between the United States and the Chickasaw tribe of Indians; and to establish a land office in the Mississippi territory.
BE it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, That for the purpose of carrying into effect a treaty, made on the twenty-third day of July, one thousand eight hundred and five, between the United States and the Chickasaw nation of Indians, the following sums, to be paid out of any monies in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, be, and the same hereby are appropriated, in conformity with the stipulations contained in the said treaty, that is to say; to the said Chickasaw nation, twenty thousand dollars; to George Colbert and O'Ky, each, one thousand dollars; and to Chimubaw Mingo, chief of the nation, an annuity of one hundred dollars, during his natural life.
BE it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, That for the purpose of carrying into effect a treaty, made on the twenty-third day of July, one thousand eight hundred and five, between the United States and the Chickasaw nation of Indians, the following sums, to be paid out of any monies in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, be, and the same hereby are appropriated, in conformity with the stipulations contained in the said treaty, that is to say; to the said Chickasaw nation, twenty thousand dollars; to George Colbert and O'Ky, each, one thousand dollars; and to Chimubaw Mingo, chief of the nation, an annuity of one hundred dollars, during his natural life.
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That it shall be the duty of the surveyor general of the public lands south of Tennessee, to cause to be surveyed and laid out, in the same manner as is provided by law for the other public lands in the Mississippi territory, so much of the lands ceded to the United States by the Chickasaw and Choctaw, as lies within the said territory; and the President of the United States is hereby authorized, whenever he shall think it proper, to establish a land office for the sale of the said lands, and to appoint a register of the same, and a receiver of the public monies accruing from the sale of the said lands, whose respective emoluments and duties shall be the same as those of the registers and receivers of the other land offices in the said territory.
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That it shall be the duty of the surveyor general of the public lands south of Tennessee, to cause to be surveyed and laid out, in the same manner as is provided by law for the other public lands in the Mississippi territory, so much of the lands ceded to the United States by the Chickasaw and Choctaw, as lies within the said territory; and the President of the United States is hereby authorized, whenever he shall think it proper, to establish a land office for the sale of the said lands, and to appoint a register of the same, and a receiver of the public monies accruing from the sale of the said lands, whose respective emoluments and duties shall be the same as those of the registers and receivers of the other land offices in the said territory.
NATHL. MACON, Speaker of the House of Representatives. S. SMITH, President of the Senate, pro tempore. March 3, 1807. APPROVED, TH: JEFFERSON.
NATHL. MACON, Speaker of the House of Representatives. S. SMITH, President of the Senate, pro tempore. March 3, 1807. APPROVED, TH: JEFFERSON.
AN ACT
AN ACT
Making compensation for extra services to the governor judges and secretary of the Indiana territory.
Making compensation for extra services to the governor judges and secretary of the Indiana territory.
BE it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the secretary of the treasury be, and he hereby is directed to pay to the governor, judges and secretary of the Indiana territory out of any money in the treasury not otherwise appropriated, the sum, of three hundred dollars each, as a compensation for extra services by them performed, in obedience to an act entitled "An act erecting Louisiana into two territories, and providing for the temporary government thereof."
BE it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the secretary of the treasury be, and he hereby is directed to pay to the governor, judges and secretary of the Indiana territory out of any money in the treasury not otherwise appropriated, the sum, of three hundred dollars each, as a compensation for extra services by them performed, in obedience to an act entitled "An act erecting Louisiana into two territories, and providing for the temporary government thereof."
NATHL. MACON, Speaker of the House of Representatives. S. SMITH, President of the Senate, pro tempore. March 3, 1807. APPROVED, TH: JEFFERSON.
NATHL. MACON, Speaker of the House of Representatives. S. SMITH, President of the Senate, pro tempore. March 3, 1807. APPROVED, TH: JEFFERSON.
WASHINGTON TAVERN!
WASHINGTON TAVERN!
ODEN & MOORE have taken the WASHINGTON TAVERN, adjoining the Capitol Square, lately occupied by Edward Hallam. At considerable expense, they have provided themselves with excellent accommodations for their friends, and invite their's and the public patronage. They are determined to keep as good a table and as genteel an Inn as any in Richmond—Furnished ROOMS, adjoining the Tavern, and every necessary attendance, for families travelling—Both the Co-partners having been well versed in this business, flatter themselves with the expectation of rendering general satisfaction. Richmond, February 17.
ODEN & MOORE have taken the WASHINGTON TAVERN, adjoining the Capitol Square, lately occupied by Edward Hallam. At considerable expense, they have provided themselves with excellent accommodations for their friends, and invite their's and the public patronage. They are determined to keep as good a table and as genteel an Inn as any in Richmond—Furnished ROOMS, adjoining the Tavern, and every necessary attendance, for families travelling—Both the Co-partners having been well versed in this business, flatter themselves with the expectation of rendering general satisfaction. Richmond, February 17.
FAIRFIELD RACES.
FAIRFIELD RACES.
1st DAY—Monday 4th May, will be run for over the Fairfield Course JOCKEY CLUB CAP, value thirty Guineas—Distance 2 mile heats, the Horses to be bona fide the property of members of the Club.
1st DAY—Monday 4th May, will be run for over the Fairfield Course JOCKEY CLUB CAP, value thirty Guineas—Distance 2 mile heats, the Horses to be bona fide the property of members of the Club.
2nd Day—The JOCKEY CLUB PURSE of five hundred dollars, four mile heats.
2nd Day—The JOCKEY CLUB PURSE of five hundred dollars, four mile heats.
3rd Day—The PROPRIETOR'S PURSE of two hundred and fifty dollars, three mile heats.
3rd Day—The PROPRIETOR'S PURSE of two hundred and fifty dollars, three mile heats.
4th Day—A HANDY-CAP PURSE, free for any Horse, two mile heats—Entrance twenty dollars. There is, also, a SWEEP-STAKE open for three years old Colts and Fillies, two mile heats, fifty dollars entrance—This Subscription will be closed on the evening of the 2nd day's race.
4th Day—A HANDY-CAP PURSE, free for any Horse, two mile heats—Entrance twenty dollars. There is, also, a SWEEP-STAKE open for three years old Colts and Fillies, two mile heats, fifty dollars entrance—This Subscription will be closed on the evening of the 2nd day's race.
  WEIGHTS AS FOLLOWS:   Aged Horses, 6 Years, 133 lbs. 4 Years, 106 lbs.   5 Do. 128 3 Do. 90   5 Do. 118 Mares and Geldings allowed 3 lbs. 
  WEIGHTS AS FOLLOWS:   Aged Horses, 6 Years, 133 lbs. 4 Years, 106 lbs.   5 Do. 128 3 Do. 90   5 Do. 118 Mares and Geldings allowed 3 lbs. 
The Proprietor of the Course informs gentlemen of the Turf, that the money for each day will be placed in the hands of the Judges. The Dining-House and Booths in the field, are to be rented as formerly, but no preference given to any person—The first applicant will have a choice. RICHMOND, March 27, 1807. E. SMOCK, Treasurer & Proprietor.
The Proprietor of the Course informs gentlemen of the Turf, that the money for each day will be placed in the hands of the Judges. The Dining-House and Booths in the field, are to be rented as formerly, but no preference given to any person—The first applicant will have a choice. RICHMOND, March 27, 1807. E. SMOCK, Treasurer & Proprietor.
NOTICE.
NOTICE.
ALL persons indebted to Humphrey Dabney, are requested to make immediate payment to him, or to either of the Subscribers, Trustees.—And all those having claims are requested to bring them forward, properly attested, on or before the 15th day of April next, at which time a dividend will be made. GAB. RALSTON, Trustees. HENRY HOYET, } et 115 A. March 27.
ALL persons indebted to Humphrey Dabney, are requested to make immediate payment to him, or to either of the Subscribers, Trustees.—And all those having claims are requested to bring them forward, properly attested, on or before the 15th day of April next, at which time a dividend will be made. GAB. RALSTON, Trustees. HENRY HOYET, } et 115 A. March 27.
NOTICE.
NOTICE.
ALL those having claims against the late firm of Thomas Scott & Co. of Powhatan County, as Archibald McCrae who was one of the partners in that business, will render their accounts properly authenticated to the subscriber in all the month of April next, at which time a dividend may be made of such funds as has come into his hands, as soon thereafter as possible. JAMES FISHER. March 20. tf.
ALL those having claims against the late firm of Thomas Scott & Co. of Powhatan County, as Archibald McCrae who was one of the partners in that business, will render their accounts properly authenticated to the subscriber in all the month of April next, at which time a dividend may be made of such funds as has come into his hands, as soon thereafter as possible. JAMES FISHER. March 20. tf.
NOTICE.
NOTICE.
ALL persons having claims against the estate of William Mallon, deceased, of Chesterfield County, wherein I am concerned, are requested to bring them forward, their accounts properly authenticated, on or before the first day of April next, as provisions may be made for the discharge of the same. Also, all those having claims against the estate of Andrew Scott, dec'd., of said county, are requested to come forward; and those indebted, to pay off their respective accounts, as no indulgence will be given, and this notice plead in bar, of any claim brought forward, after the above date, as I intend to close my administration, to April court. ROBERT McTYRE, Adm's of ANDREW SCOTT. March 10. tf.
ALL persons having claims against the estate of William Mallon, deceased, of Chesterfield County, wherein I am concerned, are requested to bring them forward, their accounts properly authenticated, on or before the first day of April next, as provisions may be made for the discharge of the same. Also, all those having claims against the estate of Andrew Scott, dec'd., of said county, are requested to come forward; and those indebted, to pay off their respective accounts, as no indulgence will be given, and this notice plead in bar, of any claim brought forward, after the above date, as I intend to close my administration, to April court. ROBERT McTYRE, Adm's of ANDREW SCOTT. March 10. tf.
NOTICE.
NOTICE.
ALL persons having claims against the estate of John Pendleton, eq., late of the City of Richmond, dec'd. are requested to exhibit them to either of the subscribers as speedily as possible. GEO. PICKETT, ROBERT POLLARD, CHS. JOHNSTON, N. SHEPPARD. Administrators. November 18. tf.
ALL persons having claims against the estate of John Pendleton, eq., late of the City of Richmond, dec'd. are requested to exhibit them to either of the subscribers as speedily as possible. GEO. PICKETT, ROBERT POLLARD, CHS. JOHNSTON, N. SHEPPARD. Administrators. November 18. tf.
LAST NOTICE.
LAST NOTICE.
By virtue of a Deed of Trust, executed to me by Richard Ferguson for purposes therein specified. WILL CERTAINLY BE SOLD. To the highest bidder, for cash, on Monday the 13th of April next, at Louisa C. N. that being Court day: THREE likely NEGROES, the property of Richard Ferguson, consisting of two men and a boy. All persons inclined to purchase are requested to attend. Wm. WHITE, Trustee. Louisa, March 20. tf.
By virtue of a Deed of Trust, executed to me by Richard Ferguson for purposes therein specified. WILL CERTAINLY BE SOLD. To the highest bidder, for cash, on Monday the 13th of April next, at Louisa C. N. that being Court day: THREE likely NEGROES, the property of Richard Ferguson, consisting of two men and a boy. All persons inclined to purchase are requested to attend. Wm. WHITE, Trustee. Louisa, March 20. tf.
WILL BE SOLD,
WILL BE SOLD,
On Monday the 27th of April next, at the late Dwelling-House of Overton Coffey, Esq. dec'd. in Urbanna.
On Monday the 27th of April next, at the late Dwelling-House of Overton Coffey, Esq. dec'd. in Urbanna.
THREE SLAVES, one good Watch, a number of valuable Books, and all the household and kitchen Furniture, belonging to said deceased.—On sums above five dollars, nine months credit will be allowed the purchasers on their giving bond with approved security. All persons indebted to said estate are requested to make immediate payment, as no indulgence can be given, those having claims are desired to exhibit them properly authenticated, to THE ADMINISTRATORS. Middlesex, March 24. tf.
THREE SLAVES, one good Watch, a number of valuable Books, and all the household and kitchen Furniture, belonging to said deceased.—On sums above five dollars, nine months credit will be allowed the purchasers on their giving bond with approved security. All persons indebted to said estate are requested to make immediate payment, as no indulgence can be given, those having claims are desired to exhibit them properly authenticated, to THE ADMINISTRATORS. Middlesex, March 24. tf.
BELL TAVERN!!
BELL TAVERN!!
THE Subscriber begs leave to inform his friends and the public, that he has taken the house in Manchester, formerly called the Rising-Sun-Tavern, and occupied by Mrs. Leath, and having furnished himself with good Beds and the best of Liquors, Grain, &c. He flatters himself from paying particular attention, he will be able to give general satisfaction. ROBERT McTYRE.
THE Subscriber begs leave to inform his friends and the public, that he has taken the house in Manchester, formerly called the Rising-Sun-Tavern, and occupied by Mrs. Leath, and having furnished himself with good Beds and the best of Liquors, Grain, &c. He flatters himself from paying particular attention, he will be able to give general satisfaction. ROBERT McTYRE.
N. B. A Waggon and six Mules, a good Riding-Horse, and a Jack of good flock for sale. R. M. tf. Manchester, Dec.
N. B. A Waggon and six Mules, a good Riding-Horse, and a Jack of good flock for sale. R. M. tf. Manchester, Dec.
JOHN TOMPKINS,
JOHN TOMPKINS,
HAS received an assortment of GOODS Consisting of FLANNELS, Coatings, Blankets, Rofe and Dunfe Drabs, Friez, Kerieys, Feamouth, Cloths, Carpets and Carpeting, Bombazetts, Swansdown, Patent Cord, Powder and Shot, Dowlass, Sheetings, Kerieys, Calicos and Muffs, &c. &c. which he will dispose of on very liberal terms, by the piece or package. Nov. 14. tf.
HAS received an assortment of GOODS Consisting of FLANNELS, Coatings, Blankets, Rofe and Dunfe Drabs, Friez, Kerieys, Feamouth, Cloths, Carpets and Carpeting, Bombazetts, Swansdown, Patent Cord, Powder and Shot, Dowlass, Sheetings, Kerieys, Calicos and Muffs, &c. &c. which he will dispose of on very liberal terms, by the piece or package. Nov. 14. tf.
THE FARMER'S VIRGINIA ALMANACK,
THE FARMER'S VIRGINIA ALMANACK,
for the Year 1807, printed by Thomas Ritchie, is now for sale, by the gross, dozen or single, at the ENQUIRER Book-Store. Also—A General Affortment of Lawyers' and Sheriff's BLANKS, just p'd. Richmond, Feb. 27. WM. HAY, JR. et tf.
for the Year 1807, printed by Thomas Ritchie, is now for sale, by the gross, dozen or single, at the ENQUIRER Book-Store. Also—A General Affortment of Lawyers' and Sheriff's BLANKS, just p'd. Richmond, Feb. 27. WM. HAY, JR. et tf.
LOST,
LOST,
On Friday last in the Street—A small red morocco Pocket-Book, containing sundry papers of use only to the owner. Whoever delivers the same at the Office of the ENQUIRER, shall receive five dollars reward. Richmond, March 6. tf.
On Friday last in the Street—A small red morocco Pocket-Book, containing sundry papers of use only to the owner. Whoever delivers the same at the Office of the ENQUIRER, shall receive five dollars reward. Richmond, March 6. tf.
WE have removed to the house formerly occupied by Messrs. DONALD MACKENZIE & Co.
WE have removed to the house formerly occupied by Messrs. DONALD MACKENZIE & Co.
nearly opposite to the bank. JAMES & JOHN DUNLOP. Petersburg, March 3. tf.
nearly opposite to the bank. JAMES & JOHN DUNLOP. Petersburg, March 3. tf.
War Department, February 23, 1807.
War Department, February 23, 1807.
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN,
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN,
THAT separate proposals will be received at the office of the Secretary for the department of war, until 12 o'clock at noon of the first Wednesday in June next, for the supply of all rations that may be required for the use of the United States, from the first day of October, 1807, until the 30th day of September, 1808, both days inclusive, at the following places, viz.
THAT separate proposals will be received at the office of the Secretary for the department of war, until 12 o'clock at noon of the first Wednesday in June next, for the supply of all rations that may be required for the use of the United States, from the first day of October, 1807, until the 30th day of September, 1808, both days inclusive, at the following places, viz.
First, At Niagara, Detroit, Michilimackinac, Fort Wayne, Chicago, and at any place or places, where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the state of Ohio, and territory of Michigan, and at any place or places within the Indiana territory north of the 41st deg. of north latitude.
First, At Niagara, Detroit, Michilimackinac, Fort Wayne, Chicago, and at any place or places, where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the state of Ohio, and territory of Michigan, and at any place or places within the Indiana territory north of the 41st deg. of north latitude.
Second, At the new military post opposite the mouth of the Milwaukee, and within the Cherokee nation between Tennessee and Georgia, and on the road between said river and Nashville, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the states of Kentucky and Tennessee.
Second, At the new military post opposite the mouth of the Milwaukee, and within the Cherokee nation between Tennessee and Georgia, and on the road between said river and Nashville, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the states of Kentucky and Tennessee.
Third, At the garrison near Vincennes on the river Wabash, at Fort Mifflin, New Madrid, Chikasha, New Bedford, Arkansas, Natchez, and Fort Adams, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited in the Mississippi territory, except the county of Washington, and at any place or places in the Indiana territory south of the 41st degree of north latitude, and fifty miles east of the Mississippi river.
Third, At the garrison near Vincennes on the river Wabash, at Fort Mifflin, New Madrid, Chikasha, New Bedford, Arkansas, Natchez, and Fort Adams, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited in the Mississippi territory, except the county of Washington, and at any place or places in the Indiana territory south of the 41st degree of north latitude, and fifty miles east of the Mississippi river.
Fourth, At St. Louis, St. Charles, Kaskaskia, Cahokia, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the territory of Louisiana north of New Madrid, and at any place or places in the Indiana territory within fifty miles east of the Mississippi river; and south of the 41st degree of north latitude, Fort Mifflin excepted.
Fourth, At St. Louis, St. Charles, Kaskaskia, Cahokia, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the territory of Louisiana north of New Madrid, and at any place or places in the Indiana territory within fifty miles east of the Mississippi river; and south of the 41st degree of north latitude, Fort Mifflin excepted.
Fifth, At New Orleans, Plaquemines, Point Coupee, Ouchita, Natchitoches, Appoelousas, Atakapas, Fort St. Stephens, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the territory of Louisiana, or in the county of Washington in the Mississippi territory, or at any place or places on the west side of the Mississippi river below Arkansas.
Fifth, At New Orleans, Plaquemines, Point Coupee, Ouchita, Natchitoches, Appoelousas, Atakapas, Fort St. Stephens, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the territory of Louisiana, or in the county of Washington in the Mississippi territory, or at any place or places on the west side of the Mississippi river below Arkansas.
Separate proposals will also be received as aforesaid for the supply of all rations, which may be required for the use of the United States, from the first day of January 1808, to the 31st day of December of the same year, both days inclusive, within the several states hereinafter mentioned, viz.
Separate proposals will also be received as aforesaid for the supply of all rations, which may be required for the use of the United States, from the first day of January 1808, to the 31st day of December of the same year, both days inclusive, within the several states hereinafter mentioned, viz.
Sixth, At the Ocmulgee Old Fields, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited, within the state of Georgia and on the Indian boundary between Georgia and the Creek nation.
Sixth, At the Ocmulgee Old Fields, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited, within the state of Georgia and on the Indian boundary between Georgia and the Creek nation.
Seventh, At Charleston, Rocky Mount, on the head waters of the Santee, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the states of North and South Carolina.
Seventh, At Charleston, Rocky Mount, on the head waters of the Santee, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the states of North and South Carolina.
Eighth, At Norfolk, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited, within the state of Virginia.
Eighth, At Norfolk, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited, within the state of Virginia.
Ninth, At Fort Mifflin, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited, within the state of Pennsylvania and the district of Columbia.
Ninth, At Fort Mifflin, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited, within the state of Pennsylvania and the district of Columbia.
Tenth, At Fort Mifflin, Carlisle, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited, within the state of Pennsylvania east of the mountains, and within the states of New Jersey and Delaware.
Tenth, At Fort Mifflin, Carlisle, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited, within the state of Pennsylvania east of the mountains, and within the states of New Jersey and Delaware.
Eleventh, At Pittsburgh, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited, within the state of Pennsylvania west of the mountains.
Eleventh, At Pittsburgh, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited, within the state of Pennsylvania west of the mountains.
Twelfth, At Fort Jay, West Point, Albany, Schenectady, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the state of New York; Niagara and its dependencies excepted.
Twelfth, At Fort Jay, West Point, Albany, Schenectady, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the state of New York; Niagara and its dependencies excepted.
Thirteenth, At Fort Trumbull, Fort Wolcott, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the states of Connecticut, Rhode Island and Vermont.
Thirteenth, At Fort Trumbull, Fort Wolcott, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the states of Connecticut, Rhode Island and Vermont.
Fourteenth, At Fort Independence (Boston Harbor) and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited, within the state of Massachusetts; the town of Springfield, and the district of Main excepted.
Fourteenth, At Fort Independence (Boston Harbor) and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited, within the state of Massachusetts; the town of Springfield, and the district of Main excepted.
Fifteenth, At Portsmouth, Portland, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the state of New Hampshire, and the district of Maine.
Fifteenth, At Portsmouth, Portland, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the state of New Hampshire, and the district of Maine.
Sixteenth, Proposals will also be received as aforesaid, for the supply of all rations, which may be required by the U. States, for the troops which are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the town of Springfield in the state of Massachusetts, and for the arms and other persons employed in the United States' armory at that place, from the 1st day of January 1808 to the 31st day of December in the same year, both days inclusive. A ration to consist of one pound and one quarter of beef, or three quarters of a pound of pork, eighteen ounces of bread or flour, one gill of rum, whiskey or brandy, and at the rate of two quarts of molasses, four quarts of vinegar, four pounds of salt, four pounds and a half of candles to every hundred rations. The quantities of the several component parts of the ration shall be specified; but the United States reserve the right of making such alterations in the price of the component parts of the ration aforesaid, as shall make the price of each part thereof bear a just proportion to the proposed price of the whole ration. The rations are to be furnished in such quantities, that there shall at all times, during the term of the proposed contract, be sufficient for the consumption of the troops at Michilimackinac, Detroit and Chicago for six months in advance; and at each of the other posts on the western waters for at least three months in advance, of good and wholesome provisions, if the same shall be required. It is also to be permitted to all and every of the commanders of fortified places or posts, to call for, at seasons when the same can be transported, or at any time in case of urgency, such supplies of like provisions in advance, as in the discretion of the commandant shall be deemed proper. It is understood that the contractor is to be at the expense and risk of storing the supplies to the troops, and that all losses sustained by the depredations of men shall be paid by the United States at the price of the articles captured or destroyed as aforesaid, on the deposition of two or more persons of creditable characters and the certificate of a commissioned officer, stating the circumstances of the loss, and the amount of the articles for which compensation shall be claimed. The privilege is understood to be referred to the United States of requiring that none of the supplies, which may be furnished under any of the proposed contracts, shall be used, until the supplies which have been or may be furnished under contract now in force, have been consumed; and that a supply in advance may be always required at any of the fixed posts on the western board of Indian frontier, as exceeding three months. H. DRAPER, Secretary of War. February 23.
Sixteenth, Proposals will also be received as aforesaid, for the supply of all rations, which may be required by the U. States, for the troops which are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the town of Springfield in the state of Massachusetts, and for the arms and other persons employed in the United States' armory at that place, from the 1st day of January 1808 to the 31st day of December in the same year, both days inclusive. A ration to consist of one pound and one quarter of beef, or three quarters of a pound of pork, eighteen ounces of bread or flour, one gill of rum, whiskey or brandy, and at the rate of two quarts of molasses, four quarts of vinegar, four pounds of salt, four pounds and a half of candles to every hundred rations. The quantities of the several component parts of the ration shall be specified; but the United States reserve the right of making such alterations in the price of the component parts of the ration aforesaid, as shall make the price of each part thereof bear a just proportion to the proposed price of the whole ration. The rations are to be furnished in such quantities, that there shall at all times, during the term of the proposed contract, be sufficient for the consumption of the troops at Michilimackinac, Detroit and Chicago for six months in advance; and at each of the other posts on the western waters for at least three months in advance, of good and wholesome provisions, if the same shall be required. It is also to be permitted to all and every of the commanders of fortified places or posts, to call for, at seasons when the same can be transported, or at any time in case of urgency, such supplies of like provisions in advance, as in the discretion of the commandant shall be deemed proper. It is understood that the contractor is to be at the expense and risk of storing the supplies to the troops, and that all losses sustained by the depredations of men shall be paid by the United States at the price of the articles captured or destroyed as aforesaid, on the deposition of two or more persons of creditable characters and the certificate of a commissioned officer, stating the circumstances of the loss, and the amount of the articles for which compensation shall be claimed. The privilege is understood to be referred to the United States of requiring that none of the supplies, which may be furnished under any of the proposed contracts, shall be used, until the supplies which have been or may be furnished under contract now in force, have been consumed; and that a supply in advance may be always required at any of the fixed posts on the western board of Indian frontier, as exceeding three months. H. DRAPER, Secretary of War. February 23.
THE COPARTNERSHIP OF C. and T. Saunders,
THE COPARTNERSHIP OF C. and T. Saunders,
is dissolved by mutual consent. All debts due by the concern will be adjusted and paid by LeSueur and Saunders, who are alone authorized to settle all claims due to and by the concern. C. H. SAUNDERS, T. L. SAUNDERS.
is dissolved by mutual consent. All debts due by the concern will be adjusted and paid by LeSueur and Saunders, who are alone authorized to settle all claims due to and by the concern. C. H. SAUNDERS, T. L. SAUNDERS.
WANTED,
WANTED,
An Apprentice in a Dry Good Store, a boy with good recommendations, from 12 to 15 years of age. Apply to the Primer. March 27. tf.
An Apprentice in a Dry Good Store, a boy with good recommendations, from 12 to 15 years of age. Apply to the Primer. March 27. tf.
PROPOSALS
PROPOSALS
WILL be received by the executive, for furnishing the convicts in the Penitentiary, month. The component parts of each ration, may be ascertained, by persons wishing to contract, by applying to DANIEL L. HYLTON, Clerk C. C. March 27. tf.
WILL be received by the executive, for furnishing the convicts in the Penitentiary, month. The component parts of each ration, may be ascertained, by persons wishing to contract, by applying to DANIEL L. HYLTON, Clerk C. C. March 27. tf.
LAND—FOR SALE.
LAND—FOR SALE.
THE subscriber offers for sale, a Tract of LAND, lying on Tye river, in the county of Amherst, being part of the estate of the late Col. John Rife, containing by actual survey 1005 acres. It is three miles distant from the Court-house, and twenty miles from Warminster—There are from 150 to 200 acres of this tract cleared, the residue is heavily timbered with Oak, Hickory, Chestnut, &c. The soil of the land, which is inferior to none in its vicinity, is admirably adapted to the culture of Tobacco, Corn, Wheat, &c. Its contiguity to Major Maffey's manufacturing Mill, will be a circumstance of great conductor to a purchaser.—Possession will be given on the first day of the ensuing year, with liberty to sow small grain this next Fall.—One third of the purchase money will be required in hand—for the other payments a liberal indulgence will be given.—The land will be viewed by Mr. Alexander B. Rife or Capt. A. Morgan, residing in the neighborhood.—Those wishing to purchase; may know the terms of sale by applying to the subscriber. THOMAS FITZHAUGH. Escehol, Stafford county. } ep 1m. March 17.
THE subscriber offers for sale, a Tract of LAND, lying on Tye river, in the county of Amherst, being part of the estate of the late Col. John Rife, containing by actual survey 1005 acres. It is three miles distant from the Court-house, and twenty miles from Warminster—There are from 150 to 200 acres of this tract cleared, the residue is heavily timbered with Oak, Hickory, Chestnut, &c. The soil of the land, which is inferior to none in its vicinity, is admirably adapted to the culture of Tobacco, Corn, Wheat, &c. Its contiguity to Major Maffey's manufacturing Mill, will be a circumstance of great conductor to a purchaser.—Possession will be given on the first day of the ensuing year, with liberty to sow small grain this next Fall.—One third of the purchase money will be required in hand—for the other payments a liberal indulgence will be given.—The land will be viewed by Mr. Alexander B. Rife or Capt. A. Morgan, residing in the neighborhood.—Those wishing to purchase; may know the terms of sale by applying to the subscriber. THOMAS FITZHAUGH. Escehol, Stafford county. } ep 1m. March 17.
FOR SALE,
FOR SALE,
THE DEAFUTUL SEAT OF BELVIDERE adjoining this city, with four acres adjacent, or any additional quantity, not exceeding twenty, which will be laid off to suit the purchaser. The dwelling house contains on the first floor, a spacious dining room, a parlour, a small sitting room, a chamber and store room, with a passage through the centre of the building, and a correspondent number of apartments in the second floor. To the principal buildings, are attached all the outbuildings requisite for a large establishment, and the whole is in a state of good repair. Any person desirous to purchase, may know the terms, on which the above property will be disposed of, by applying to E. HARVEY. March 2. ep 1m.
THE DEAFUTUL SEAT OF BELVIDERE adjoining this city, with four acres adjacent, or any additional quantity, not exceeding twenty, which will be laid off to suit the purchaser. The dwelling house contains on the first floor, a spacious dining room, a parlour, a small sitting room, a chamber and store room, with a passage through the centre of the building, and a correspondent number of apartments in the second floor. To the principal buildings, are attached all the outbuildings requisite for a large establishment, and the whole is in a state of good repair. Any person desirous to purchase, may know the terms, on which the above property will be disposed of, by applying to E. HARVEY. March 2. ep 1m.