The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1807-11-17 00:00:00

The Enquirer.
The Enquirer.
PUBLISHED BY THOMAS RITCHIE, OPPOSITE THE POST-OFFICE.....AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM.....(PAYABLE IN ADVANCE.)
PUBLISHED BY THOMAS RITCHIE, OPPOSITE THE POST-OFFICE.....AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM.....(PAYABLE IN ADVANCE.)
VOLUME 4.]
VOLUME 4.]
RICHMOND, TUESDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 17, 1807.
RICHMOND, TUESDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 17, 1807.
[NUMBER 55.]
[NUMBER 55.]
VIRGINIA BANK STOCK.....102.
VIRGINIA BANK STOCK.....102.
Richmond Prices Current.
Richmond Prices Current.
   D. C.     TOBACCO, : : : : 4 1/2 5 25   WHEAT, NEW, : : : : 1 00   FLOUR—SUPERFINE, NEW, : : : 5 50   FINE, : : : : 4 75   CORN, PER BARREL, : : : : 3 4 00   BACON PER LB, : : : : 16   BAR IRON—PER TON, : : : : 110 120   BRIM—PER TON, : : : : 200 210   WHISKEY—PER GALLON, : : : : 54  
   D. C.     TOBACCO, : : : : 4 1/2 5 25   WHEAT, NEW, : : : : 1 00   FLOUR—SUPERFINE, NEW, : : : 5 50   FINE, : : : : 4 75   CORN, PER BARREL, : : : : 3 4 00   BACON PER LB, : : : : 16   BAR IRON—PER TON, : : : : 110 120   BRIM—PER TON, : : : : 200 210   WHISKEY—PER GALLON, : : : : 54  
GERARD BANKS, HAS IT IN VIEW TO ESTABLISH A NEW SPAPER, IN RICHMOND, TO BE PUBLISHED TWICE A WEEK:
GERARD BANKS, HAS IT IN VIEW TO ESTABLISH A NEW SPAPER, IN RICHMOND, TO BE PUBLISHED TWICE A WEEK:
THE VIRGINIAN.
THE VIRGINIAN.
THE EDITOR has been always attached to Republican systems. The present Administration, in his view, is well calculated to ensure the happiness of the people; and any administration which may succeed, pursuing the same general course, will be supported. Foreign and Domestic details will be noticed. Before this, the public will, time after time, be apprised of the affairs of the public institutions, and particularly of the course of the Bank; its managers, its influence, its defects and impositions. The usurpations of this dangerous institution will be noted; the Arbitership which grows from its management will be exposed. This course will be pursued with a temper and firmness, which will yield neither to the blandishments of flattery, nor the frowns of power. Stock-Taking and River-Notes, Twin Demons, will be arrested whenever they appear. 500 Subscribers at 5 Dols. per annum each, one half in advance, are necessary to the commencement of the Paper. GERARD BANKS. Richmond, October 30. ep1f.
THE EDITOR has been always attached to Republican systems. The present Administration, in his view, is well calculated to ensure the happiness of the people; and any administration which may succeed, pursuing the same general course, will be supported. Foreign and Domestic details will be noticed. Before this, the public will, time after time, be apprised of the affairs of the public institutions, and particularly of the course of the Bank; its managers, its influence, its defects and impositions. The usurpations of this dangerous institution will be noted; the Arbitership which grows from its management will be exposed. This course will be pursued with a temper and firmness, which will yield neither to the blandishments of flattery, nor the frowns of power. Stock-Taking and River-Notes, Twin Demons, will be arrested whenever they appear. 500 Subscribers at 5 Dols. per annum each, one half in advance, are necessary to the commencement of the Paper. GERARD BANKS. Richmond, October 30. ep1f.
Sales at Auction.
Sales at Auction.
Will be sold for ready money, on Saturday the 28th inst. at the Eagle-Tavern, in the city of Richmond: A VALUABLE TRACT OF LAND, lying partly in Hanover and partly in Goochland, lately the property of John S. Moore, and adjoining the Lands of Elisha Leake, Samuel Mosby, Wm. Woodson and others, and containing by estimation, five hundred and sixty acres. W. B. GILLIAM. Nov. 10. tdf
Will be sold for ready money, on Saturday the 28th inst. at the Eagle-Tavern, in the city of Richmond: A VALUABLE TRACT OF LAND, lying partly in Hanover and partly in Goochland, lately the property of John S. Moore, and adjoining the Lands of Elisha Leake, Samuel Mosby, Wm. Woodson and others, and containing by estimation, five hundred and sixty acres. W. B. GILLIAM. Nov. 10. tdf
VALUABLE PROPERTY—FOR SALE.
VALUABLE PROPERTY—FOR SALE.
By virtue of a Deed of Trust from Abraham Shepherd to the subscribers, dated the 24th day of May, 1806, and recorded in the General Court in the month of June of the same year, to secure the payment of a debt due from the said Shepherd to Robert Riddell; and another debt due from the said Shepherd to Walter Jenkins and Company, Will be exposed to sale, by the subscribers or one of them, at Auction, on Thursday the 18th day of next month, at the Store-House of the said Shepherd, in the county of Fluvanna: THE Seven following TRACTS OF LAND, lying in the County of Fluvanna, & FOUR SLAVES. No. 1. A tract of 404 acres, more or less, being the same tract of land whereon the said Shepherd now lives, commonly called by him his dwelling house tract. On this tract, or on part of it, there is a prior encumbrance to David Rols; it will be sold subject to that encumbrance. No. 2. A tract of 383 acres, more or less, lying on Ballinger's creek; of this tract A. Shepherd bought 207 acres from William Pace, and the residue he bought of Peter Brown. No. 3. A tract of 137 acres, more or less, lying on the Rivanna river, opposite to Bernard's bridge, being the same tract of land which A. Shepherd bought from William and James Payne. No. 4. A tract of 155 acres, more or less, lying on the fourth side of the Rivanna river, opposite to J. B. Magruder's mill; being the same tract of land which Shepherd bought from Robert Adams. No. 5. A tract of 134 acres, more or less, lying in the fork of Ballinger's creek; being the same tract of land which A. Shepherd bought from David Bullock and Richard Morris, or from one of them. No. 6. A tract of 88 acres, more or less, adjoining No. 3; being the same tract of land which A. Shepherd bought from Samuel Darden. No. 7. A tract of 172 1/2 acres, more or less, lying the same tract whereon the house of A. Shepherd stands, and lying on Machum's creek; first increased one half of this tract A. Shepherd bought from Peter Bernard, and the residue of the tract he bought from William Ballinger.
By virtue of a Deed of Trust from Abraham Shepherd to the subscribers, dated the 24th day of May, 1806, and recorded in the General Court in the month of June of the same year, to secure the payment of a debt due from the said Shepherd to Robert Riddell; and another debt due from the said Shepherd to Walter Jenkins and Company, Will be exposed to sale, by the subscribers or one of them, at Auction, on Thursday the 18th day of next month, at the Store-House of the said Shepherd, in the county of Fluvanna: THE Seven following TRACTS OF LAND, lying in the County of Fluvanna, & FOUR SLAVES. No. 1. A tract of 404 acres, more or less, being the same tract of land whereon the said Shepherd now lives, commonly called by him his dwelling house tract. On this tract, or on part of it, there is a prior encumbrance to David Rols; it will be sold subject to that encumbrance. No. 2. A tract of 383 acres, more or less, lying on Ballinger's creek; of this tract A. Shepherd bought 207 acres from William Pace, and the residue he bought of Peter Brown. No. 3. A tract of 137 acres, more or less, lying on the Rivanna river, opposite to Bernard's bridge, being the same tract of land which A. Shepherd bought from William and James Payne. No. 4. A tract of 155 acres, more or less, lying on the fourth side of the Rivanna river, opposite to J. B. Magruder's mill; being the same tract of land which Shepherd bought from Robert Adams. No. 5. A tract of 134 acres, more or less, lying in the fork of Ballinger's creek; being the same tract of land which A. Shepherd bought from David Bullock and Richard Morris, or from one of them. No. 6. A tract of 88 acres, more or less, adjoining No. 3; being the same tract of land which A. Shepherd bought from Samuel Darden. No. 7. A tract of 172 1/2 acres, more or less, lying the same tract whereon the house of A. Shepherd stands, and lying on Machum's creek; first increased one half of this tract A. Shepherd bought from Peter Bernard, and the residue of the tract he bought from William Ballinger.
FOUR SLAVES.
FOUR SLAVES.
Namely—PENNY, a woman about 29 years old. DANIEL, a boy about 16 years old. Matilda and Winy, two female children of Penny's; the first about 6 years old, the last about 2 years old. The slaves will be sold for cash, and the lands will be sold on the following terms. One third of the purchase money must be paid down in cash. Twelve months credit from the day of sale, will be allowed for one third of the purchase money, and two years credit from the day of sale, will be allowed for the other third of the purchase money. The purchasers of the lands must give bond for two thirds of the purchase money, and security too, if required; and must also give a deed of trust on the lands purchased by them, to secure the payment of the purchase money as they become due. If the purchasers either of the lands or slaves do not comply with the terms of sale when the property is struck out to them, the same property will immediately be set up to sale again. If all the property should not be sold the first day, the sale will be continued from day to day until sold. C. CORLAND, } Trustees. J. PROSSER, } Richmond, Nov. 10. ep1m.
Namely—PENNY, a woman about 29 years old. DANIEL, a boy about 16 years old. Matilda and Winy, two female children of Penny's; the first about 6 years old, the last about 2 years old. The slaves will be sold for cash, and the lands will be sold on the following terms. One third of the purchase money must be paid down in cash. Twelve months credit from the day of sale, will be allowed for one third of the purchase money, and two years credit from the day of sale, will be allowed for the other third of the purchase money. The purchasers of the lands must give bond for two thirds of the purchase money, and security too, if required; and must also give a deed of trust on the lands purchased by them, to secure the payment of the purchase money as they become due. If the purchasers either of the lands or slaves do not comply with the terms of sale when the property is struck out to them, the same property will immediately be set up to sale again. If all the property should not be sold the first day, the sale will be continued from day to day until sold. C. CORLAND, } Trustees. J. PROSSER, } Richmond, Nov. 10. ep1m.
By virtue of a Deed of Trust, executed to one by a certain James Gage Wood, on the third day of May, 1807, for the purpose of securing the payment of a debt to Henderson McCall & Co. on the 25th day of the present month, at the Eagle Tavern in the city of Richmond, a Tract of LAND, containing two hundred acres, lying on the waters of Tye River in the county of Amherst. ALEX. STUART, Trustee. Nov. 10. tdf.
By virtue of a Deed of Trust, executed to one by a certain James Gage Wood, on the third day of May, 1807, for the purpose of securing the payment of a debt to Henderson McCall & Co. on the 25th day of the present month, at the Eagle Tavern in the city of Richmond, a Tract of LAND, containing two hundred acres, lying on the waters of Tye River in the county of Amherst. ALEX. STUART, Trustee. Nov. 10. tdf.
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN.
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN.
THAT A PETITION will be presented to the next Virginia Assembly, to authorize the subscriber to build a BRIDGE over Pamunkey River, from New-Castle to the opposite side. JOHN M. SYMME. Sept. 12. ep1f.
THAT A PETITION will be presented to the next Virginia Assembly, to authorize the subscriber to build a BRIDGE over Pamunkey River, from New-Castle to the opposite side. JOHN M. SYMME. Sept. 12. ep1f.
By virtue of a Decree of Gloucester county court bearing date June term 1807, in a suit in Chancery therein depending, in which Philip Tabb was complainant, and Mary Anderson Executrix and Devisee of Matthew Anderson, decd. was defendant. We shall on Tuesday the 10th of December next, if fair, otherwise the next fair day: proceed to sell for cash, ALL that tract or parcel of LAND, of which the said Matthew Anderson died seized, lying & being in the said county of Gloucester, on the North river, commonly called and known by the name of the Exchange. The sale will take place on the premises, for the purpose of satisfying the said Philip Tabb, a debt of $28 18 3/4. with interest thereon, after the rate of five per cent. per annum, to be computed from the 10th of April, 1806, till paid; also, the further sum of $20 6/ with interest thereon, at the rate of six per cent. per annum, to be computed from the 10th day of April, 1806, till paid, and the costs and charges attending the said sale. JAMES H. ROY, JOHN CALLETT, } Commissioners. GEO. W. BOOTH, } Nov. 10. ep4w.
By virtue of a Decree of Gloucester county court bearing date June term 1807, in a suit in Chancery therein depending, in which Philip Tabb was complainant, and Mary Anderson Executrix and Devisee of Matthew Anderson, decd. was defendant. We shall on Tuesday the 10th of December next, if fair, otherwise the next fair day: proceed to sell for cash, ALL that tract or parcel of LAND, of which the said Matthew Anderson died seized, lying & being in the said county of Gloucester, on the North river, commonly called and known by the name of the Exchange. The sale will take place on the premises, for the purpose of satisfying the said Philip Tabb, a debt of $28 18 3/4. with interest thereon, after the rate of five per cent. per annum, to be computed from the 10th of April, 1806, till paid; also, the further sum of $20 6/ with interest thereon, at the rate of six per cent. per annum, to be computed from the 10th day of April, 1806, till paid, and the costs and charges attending the said sale. JAMES H. ROY, JOHN CALLETT, } Commissioners. GEO. W. BOOTH, } Nov. 10. ep4w.
At a Court held for Henrico County, at the Court-House, the ninth day of September, 1807. Joseph Wheatley & Company, } Complrs. } IN CHANCERY against George Duncan and Lazarus } Joseph, } Defs. THIS day came the complainants, by their counsel, and the defendant, Duncan, not having entered his appearance and given security according to the act of Assembly and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that he is not an inhabitant of this Commonwealth: On the motion of the complainants, It is ordered, That he do appear here on the first day of December court next, and answer the bill of the complainant, and that a copy of this order be forthwith issued on some newspaper printed in the City of Richmond, for two months successively, and posted at the door of the Court-House of this county on two successive court days. A Copy. Teste. ADAM CRAIG, c. c. Sept. 22. ep2m.
At a Court held for Henrico County, at the Court-House, the ninth day of September, 1807. Joseph Wheatley & Company, } Complrs. } IN CHANCERY against George Duncan and Lazarus } Joseph, } Defs. THIS day came the complainants, by their counsel, and the defendant, Duncan, not having entered his appearance and given security according to the act of Assembly and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that he is not an inhabitant of this Commonwealth: On the motion of the complainants, It is ordered, That he do appear here on the first day of December court next, and answer the bill of the complainant, and that a copy of this order be forthwith issued on some newspaper printed in the City of Richmond, for two months successively, and posted at the door of the Court-House of this county on two successive court days. A Copy. Teste. ADAM CRAIG, c. c. Sept. 22. ep2m.
GERMAN GOODS.
GERMAN GOODS.
BOHN & HUBNER HAVE JUST RECEIVED FROM BREMEN, A GENERAL ASSORTMENT OF GERMAN GOODS: CONSISTING OF OSNABURGS, } Roman's Sheeting, Tickenburgs, } Plaitas, Brown Rolls, } Brown Holland, Hollans, } Dowlas, and Danzic Rolls, } Billefeld Linena. Sackings.
BOHN & HUBNER HAVE JUST RECEIVED FROM BREMEN, A GENERAL ASSORTMENT OF GERMAN GOODS: CONSISTING OF OSNABURGS, } Roman's Sheeting, Tickenburgs, } Plaitas, Brown Rolls, } Brown Holland, Hollans, } Dowlas, and Danzic Rolls, } Billefeld Linena. Sackings.
GLASS WARE.
GLASS WARE.
Quart, pint, and half pint Decanters. Pint and half pint Tumblers: All of which they will sell on reasonable terms. N. B. They have removed to the new Brick Tenement, the door below Mell's. Taylor & Brown's Vendue Office. Richmond, Nov. 6. ep4w.
Quart, pint, and half pint Decanters. Pint and half pint Tumblers: All of which they will sell on reasonable terms. N. B. They have removed to the new Brick Tenement, the door below Mell's. Taylor & Brown's Vendue Office. Richmond, Nov. 6. ep4w.
LAND—FOR SALE.
LAND—FOR SALE.
THE SUBSCRIBER OFFERS FOR SALE, THE FARM on which he lives in Hanover, adjoining the Rocky-Mills, & known by the name of Gold-Mine—Containing by late survey, eight hundred and thirteen acres, nearly one half of which is in woods well timbered, and good Tobacco Land. The Dwelling-House is large, convenient and in good repair, with every out-house that a family could wish for; a large new Barn with an excellent threshing machine, on Berner's plan, built last spring; good orchards of apples, peaches and cherries, with a great variety of other choice fruit-trees, planted within a few years. The situation is handsome and surpassed by none for excellent water and health. If it is not disposed of between this and the 1st of January next, it will not then be for sale. THOMAS RICHARDSON. Nov. 13. 2t.
THE SUBSCRIBER OFFERS FOR SALE, THE FARM on which he lives in Hanover, adjoining the Rocky-Mills, & known by the name of Gold-Mine—Containing by late survey, eight hundred and thirteen acres, nearly one half of which is in woods well timbered, and good Tobacco Land. The Dwelling-House is large, convenient and in good repair, with every out-house that a family could wish for; a large new Barn with an excellent threshing machine, on Berner's plan, built last spring; good orchards of apples, peaches and cherries, with a great variety of other choice fruit-trees, planted within a few years. The situation is handsome and surpassed by none for excellent water and health. If it is not disposed of between this and the 1st of January next, it will not then be for sale. THOMAS RICHARDSON. Nov. 13. 2t.
FOR SALE.
FOR SALE.
THE half of a valuable Tract of LAND containing 900 acres, in the county of Goochland, about two miles above the courthouse, called LITTLE CREEK, and on James River; one third of which is prime low grounds. On the Tract is a valuable Manufacturing Mill and about 1500 fruit trees with two good dwelling houses. &c. &c. Great accommodation will be given in the payments, part of which may be made in 3, 6, and ten years—For terms apply to Danl. Couch on the premises, or to THOS. NORVELL. Nov. 13. tf.
THE half of a valuable Tract of LAND containing 900 acres, in the county of Goochland, about two miles above the courthouse, called LITTLE CREEK, and on James River; one third of which is prime low grounds. On the Tract is a valuable Manufacturing Mill and about 1500 fruit trees with two good dwelling houses. &c. &c. Great accommodation will be given in the payments, part of which may be made in 3, 6, and ten years—For terms apply to Danl. Couch on the premises, or to THOS. NORVELL. Nov. 13. tf.
MANCHESTER TURNPIKE COMPANY.
MANCHESTER TURNPIKE COMPANY.
THE annual meeting of Stockholders will be held at Mr. Brook's tavern in Manchester, on the first Monday in December next: Special matters of business important to the interest of the company require a full meeting; hence it is expected, that such members as cannot attend in person will appoint deputies to act for them. JAMES BRANDER, CLK. Nov. 13. tdm.
THE annual meeting of Stockholders will be held at Mr. Brook's tavern in Manchester, on the first Monday in December next: Special matters of business important to the interest of the company require a full meeting; hence it is expected, that such members as cannot attend in person will appoint deputies to act for them. JAMES BRANDER, CLK. Nov. 13. tdm.
MORE CHEAP GOODS!
MORE CHEAP GOODS!
JOHN KING, again respectfully informs his customers and the public, that he has just received, by the late arrivals from Philadelphia and New-York: a general assortment of FASHIONABLE & SEASONABLE GOODS, Which are now opening at his Store, the second door below the Eagle-Tavern; where they may be had upon as good terms, for cash, as at any other place in the City. November 6. ep1f.
JOHN KING, again respectfully informs his customers and the public, that he has just received, by the late arrivals from Philadelphia and New-York: a general assortment of FASHIONABLE & SEASONABLE GOODS, Which are now opening at his Store, the second door below the Eagle-Tavern; where they may be had upon as good terms, for cash, as at any other place in the City. November 6. ep1f.
WILLIAM TEMPLE,
WILLIAM TEMPLE,
Has received by the ship Herschel from Liverpool and Galleys from London. AN extensive supply of MERCHANDIZE, suitable to the present and approaching season, which he will sell low. Oct. 10. tf.
Has received by the ship Herschel from Liverpool and Galleys from London. AN extensive supply of MERCHANDIZE, suitable to the present and approaching season, which he will sell low. Oct. 10. tf.
THE SUBSCRIBERS
THE SUBSCRIBERS
HAVE JUST RECEIVED A SUPPLY OF COLOGNE MILL-STONES, OF DIFFERENT SIZES, WHICH will be disposed of for CASH or approved negotiable Notes at 60 days. TAYLOR & BROWN. June 10. tf.
HAVE JUST RECEIVED A SUPPLY OF COLOGNE MILL-STONES, OF DIFFERENT SIZES, WHICH will be disposed of for CASH or approved negotiable Notes at 60 days. TAYLOR & BROWN. June 10. tf.
RICHMOND TURNPIKE COMPANY.
RICHMOND TURNPIKE COMPANY.
At a meeting of the Directors of the said Company, on Saturday the 10th of October, 1807. RESOLVED, That all Shares of delinquent Stockholders in the said Company, be sold at auction, before the front door of the Eagle-Tavern, in the City of Richmond, on Monday the 23rd of next month. A Copy. Teste. N. SHEPPARD, Clerk. Oct. 14. 1234N.
At a meeting of the Directors of the said Company, on Saturday the 10th of October, 1807. RESOLVED, That all Shares of delinquent Stockholders in the said Company, be sold at auction, before the front door of the Eagle-Tavern, in the City of Richmond, on Monday the 23rd of next month. A Copy. Teste. N. SHEPPARD, Clerk. Oct. 14. 1234N.
TRIAL OF AARON BURR.
TRIAL OF AARON BURR.
MOTION FOR COMMITMENT.
MOTION FOR COMMITMENT.
Examination of evidence.
Examination of evidence.
[CONCLUDED.]
[CONCLUDED.]
Evidence of Lieutenant JACOB JACKSON, delivered in court, on Monday the 19th of October, 1807, which evidence was revived and again sworn to by him, on Tuesday the 20th of the same month, in the form of a deposition. I, Jacob Jackson, a second Lieutenant in the regiment of Artillerists, do certify and say, that on the third or fourth day of January, 1807, AARON BURR arrived at the Chickasaw Bluffs in the night time, with one boat, and sent to the commanding officer of the garrison, wishing to know whether he could have quarters in the garrison during the night. Being the commanding and only officer there, I informed the messenger that the said Burr could be accommodated. Accordingly he came to the garrison in company with several other gentlemen; and the next morning he asked me whether I had heard of the attempts made in Kentucky to prosecute him, under an apprehension that he was about to invade the Spanish dominions. I answered that I had not. He then went on to observe, that he had been prosecuted, but that nothing could be made out against him; that he was going on a project which many wished to know, but that from their inquisitiveness, he was not disposed to gratify them; "it was a project however, said he, which would be honorable to myself, and which would be the making of those who should follow me, provided they survived the undertaking." He continued to observe that the subjects of Spain were in a very distressed situation, and that his project would tend to relieve them from the tyranny of their government. I was then asked by him, what I thought the opinion of my brother (a member of congress) was on the subject. I answered that I did not know. He then asked what I thought of such a project myself? I answered, that if the U. States were going to war with Spain, I should be very glad to embark in the enterprise: on which he remarked that the leading characters in the United States did not mean openly to carry on a war against the Spaniards, but that they secretly favoured his views. I then told him that, if such was the case, I was willing to engage in the enterprise; and after telling me again that the leading men in the U. States (by which I supposed he meant to include the heads of departments) approved his measures, he remarked that he wished to engage young men; that he wished me to go with him for one; and that in case I complied, he would give me a captain's commission. Fully believing from the conversation and high flattery of said Aaron Burr, that a war was secretly to be carried on by the U. States against some of the territories of Spain, I finally consented to engage under him. He then observed that I might probably want some money to raise a company. I replied, that I did not want more than was sufficient to take me home; and mentioned one hundred and fifty dollars. He enquired whether I could not let him have some arms and ammunition—I replied that I had a small supply of these articles, but that I did not think myself authorized to furnish him; on which he observed that he had got some at another garrison, and that I should be justified in supplying him; to which I replied that I did not wish to implicate myself. He then requested me to let some of my men repair two or three muskets, and run him some balls. (the lead he procured at the public factory) as he wanted in descending the Mississippi, to kill game for the use of himself, and the residue of his men who were behind; and I accordingly suffered the muskets to be repaired, and the balls to be run. In the course of various conversations, he frequently requested me to let him have some soldiers to go with him; which I often refused; at last he wished me to let him have a soldier to carry a letter to Col. John M'Kee, in the Chickasaw nation; and, on my refusal, he requested me to give one of my soldiers a pass for twenty days; and observed, that if he did not return, I could not be blamed: this I also refused. In the course of this conversation, he asked me whether I could not then go with him, or soon follow him, and take with me the soldiery under my command—in answer to which I remarked (being somewhat alarmed at his propositions) that I was about to send in my resignation, and that as soon as I was discharged from the service, I had no objection to following him; but that I could not undertake to reduce the soldiery from my duty while I held a commission. I also observed that my family was respectable, and that I would not do any thing to injure the feelings of my relations, or to wound my reputation as an officer; and that, whatever might be his projects, I did not wish to hear any thing more about them unless they were honourable; to which he replied that his views were honourable, and that by my complying with his request, I should not incur any blame; that many of the officers of the army were actually engaged with him, and that he expected to derive great assistance from the present military force; that Gen. Eaton was coming round with the navy, and that he expected soon to receive ten thousand stand of arms. He moreover observed that, as he was acquainted with my father, he should like to have me join him, and the sooner I did it the better. I replied that it might be some time before I could receive an answer to my resignation—but that when I did, I would follow him, provided I found him patronized by the U. States. He then observed that it would not do to delay business, and would therefore furnish me with money to raise a company. He asked me the expense of a man to carry a letter to Col. M'Kee in the Chickasaw nation. I replied about fifteen dollars: he then asked me how many Indians I thought colonel M'Kee could raise in the Choctaw nation: My reply was, that I did not know; but that colonel M'Kee had raised some some time, and his influence was probably considerable. On the morning of the 6th of the said January, just before he started down the Mississippi, on my entering the room where the said Burr was, he said to me, there is something for you on the mantle piece over the fire: on which I took from thence one hundred and fifty dollars in bank notes; and a draft on John Smith for five hundred dollars, he at the same time prefaced me; observing that a draft was easier carried than money; that, as to a receipt for the money, he should not take any; and that in case I disliked his plans, he relied on my honour to return it.
Evidence of Lieutenant JACOB JACKSON, delivered in court, on Monday the 19th of October, 1807, which evidence was revived and again sworn to by him, on Tuesday the 20th of the same month, in the form of a deposition. I, Jacob Jackson, a second Lieutenant in the regiment of Artillerists, do certify and say, that on the third or fourth day of January, 1807, AARON BURR arrived at the Chickasaw Bluffs in the night time, with one boat, and sent to the commanding officer of the garrison, wishing to know whether he could have quarters in the garrison during the night. Being the commanding and only officer there, I informed the messenger that the said Burr could be accommodated. Accordingly he came to the garrison in company with several other gentlemen; and the next morning he asked me whether I had heard of the attempts made in Kentucky to prosecute him, under an apprehension that he was about to invade the Spanish dominions. I answered that I had not. He then went on to observe, that he had been prosecuted, but that nothing could be made out against him; that he was going on a project which many wished to know, but that from their inquisitiveness, he was not disposed to gratify them; "it was a project however, said he, which would be honorable to myself, and which would be the making of those who should follow me, provided they survived the undertaking." He continued to observe that the subjects of Spain were in a very distressed situation, and that his project would tend to relieve them from the tyranny of their government. I was then asked by him, what I thought the opinion of my brother (a member of congress) was on the subject. I answered that I did not know. He then asked what I thought of such a project myself? I answered, that if the U. States were going to war with Spain, I should be very glad to embark in the enterprise: on which he remarked that the leading characters in the United States did not mean openly to carry on a war against the Spaniards, but that they secretly favoured his views. I then told him that, if such was the case, I was willing to engage in the enterprise; and after telling me again that the leading men in the U. States (by which I supposed he meant to include the heads of departments) approved his measures, he remarked that he wished to engage young men; that he wished me to go with him for one; and that in case I complied, he would give me a captain's commission. Fully believing from the conversation and high flattery of said Aaron Burr, that a war was secretly to be carried on by the U. States against some of the territories of Spain, I finally consented to engage under him. He then observed that I might probably want some money to raise a company. I replied, that I did not want more than was sufficient to take me home; and mentioned one hundred and fifty dollars. He enquired whether I could not let him have some arms and ammunition—I replied that I had a small supply of these articles, but that I did not think myself authorized to furnish him; on which he observed that he had got some at another garrison, and that I should be justified in supplying him; to which I replied that I did not wish to implicate myself. He then requested me to let some of my men repair two or three muskets, and run him some balls. (the lead he procured at the public factory) as he wanted in descending the Mississippi, to kill game for the use of himself, and the residue of his men who were behind; and I accordingly suffered the muskets to be repaired, and the balls to be run. In the course of various conversations, he frequently requested me to let him have some soldiers to go with him; which I often refused; at last he wished me to let him have a soldier to carry a letter to Col. John M'Kee, in the Chickasaw nation; and, on my refusal, he requested me to give one of my soldiers a pass for twenty days; and observed, that if he did not return, I could not be blamed: this I also refused. In the course of this conversation, he asked me whether I could not then go with him, or soon follow him, and take with me the soldiery under my command—in answer to which I remarked (being somewhat alarmed at his propositions) that I was about to send in my resignation, and that as soon as I was discharged from the service, I had no objection to following him; but that I could not undertake to reduce the soldiery from my duty while I held a commission. I also observed that my family was respectable, and that I would not do any thing to injure the feelings of my relations, or to wound my reputation as an officer; and that, whatever might be his projects, I did not wish to hear any thing more about them unless they were honourable; to which he replied that his views were honourable, and that by my complying with his request, I should not incur any blame; that many of the officers of the army were actually engaged with him, and that he expected to derive great assistance from the present military force; that Gen. Eaton was coming round with the navy, and that he expected soon to receive ten thousand stand of arms. He moreover observed that, as he was acquainted with my father, he should like to have me join him, and the sooner I did it the better. I replied that it might be some time before I could receive an answer to my resignation—but that when I did, I would follow him, provided I found him patronized by the U. States. He then observed that it would not do to delay business, and would therefore furnish me with money to raise a company. He asked me the expense of a man to carry a letter to Col. M'Kee in the Chickasaw nation. I replied about fifteen dollars: he then asked me how many Indians I thought colonel M'Kee could raise in the Choctaw nation: My reply was, that I did not know; but that colonel M'Kee had raised some some time, and his influence was probably considerable. On the morning of the 6th of the said January, just before he started down the Mississippi, on my entering the room where the said Burr was, he said to me, there is something for you on the mantle piece over the fire: on which I took from thence one hundred and fifty dollars in bank notes; and a draft on John Smith for five hundred dollars, he at the same time prefaced me; observing that a draft was easier carried than money; that, as to a receipt for the money, he should not take any; and that in case I disliked his plans, he relied on my honour to return it.
* John G. Jackson, Harrison county, (V.rg.)
* John G. Jackson, Harrison county, (V.rg.)
This money and draft were given me by the said Burr for the express purpose of raising a company of men to join him, and for building a boat calculated to ascend currents, particular instructions about which he gave me. He further observed that he intended to fix himself in the Spanish dominions, and there proclaim his intentions; that if I was not informed of them before I left the Bluffs, he wished me on my way to Virginia to call on Gen. Tupper at Marietta, to whom he should communicate his intentions, as soon as he had fixed himself in the Spanish dominions, and that he would communicate them to me; and at the same time he gave me a letter to said Tupper, which I burned as soon as I received the President's Proclamation: On his leaving the Bluffs, he pressed me to leave the garrison in fifteen days, and not to wait for the acceptance of my resignation; and on my way down the Mississippi to endeavor to get as many of the soldiery at the Bluffs to accompany me as possible. And further this deponent saith not.
This money and draft were given me by the said Burr for the express purpose of raising a company of men to join him, and for building a boat calculated to ascend currents, particular instructions about which he gave me. He further observed that he intended to fix himself in the Spanish dominions, and there proclaim his intentions; that if I was not informed of them before I left the Bluffs, he wished me on my way to Virginia to call on Gen. Tupper at Marietta, to whom he should communicate his intentions, as soon as he had fixed himself in the Spanish dominions, and that he would communicate them to me; and at the same time he gave me a letter to said Tupper, which I burned as soon as I received the President's Proclamation: On his leaving the Bluffs, he pressed me to leave the garrison in fifteen days, and not to wait for the acceptance of my resignation; and on my way down the Mississippi to endeavor to get as many of the soldiery at the Bluffs to accompany me as possible. And further this deponent saith not.
JACOB JACKSON, Lieut. Reg't. of Artillerists.
JACOB JACKSON, Lieut. Reg't. of Artillerists.
Henrico county, ss. Sworn to before me in due form, agreeable to law, this 20th October, 1807.
Henrico county, ss. Sworn to before me in due form, agreeable to law, this 20th October, 1807.
DAN'L L. HYLTON, Justice of the Peace for the said county.
DAN'L L. HYLTON, Justice of the Peace for the said county.
Cross-Questioned by Mr. Burr. Did you ever see me before that night? A. Yes; but I had no acquaintance with you. Q. Did you not complain of your situation; that it was an irksome one; and that you were going to leave it? A. I told you, that I intended to resign. Q. Did you not complain, that you wanted money, and that you could not get a horse to carry you home? A. I did not. Q. What became of the money? A. I was robbed in 3 weeks after of 200 dollars. Q. What did you do with the order on Mr. Smith? A. I have it here in my trunk. Q. Did you ever receive any money upon it? A. I did not. Q. Did you deliver the letter to Mr. Smith? A. No. Q. What did you do with it? A. Soon after I received the President's proclamation, I burnt it? Q. Did you read it? A. No. Q. Are you not under arrest? A. Yes. Q. On what charges? A. Because it was suspected that I was connected with you. I believe that this was the principal cause. Q. Were you surrounded here? A. Yes. Q. Where were you arrested? A. At Fort Adams. Q. Were you told what you were to have? A. I was not. I was summoned by the Sheriff of Jefferson county. Q. Did you receive permission from any authority to come round here? A. After I was summoned, I was not permitted by any officer. I dined with Col. Cushing. Q. Did you give any affidavit? A. Yes. Q. Who drew it up? A. Capt. Stoddert.
Cross-Questioned by Mr. Burr. Did you ever see me before that night? A. Yes; but I had no acquaintance with you. Q. Did you not complain of your situation; that it was an irksome one; and that you were going to leave it? A. I told you, that I intended to resign. Q. Did you not complain, that you wanted money, and that you could not get a horse to carry you home? A. I did not. Q. What became of the money? A. I was robbed in 3 weeks after of 200 dollars. Q. What did you do with the order on Mr. Smith? A. I have it here in my trunk. Q. Did you ever receive any money upon it? A. I did not. Q. Did you deliver the letter to Mr. Smith? A. No. Q. What did you do with it? A. Soon after I received the President's proclamation, I burnt it? Q. Did you read it? A. No. Q. Are you not under arrest? A. Yes. Q. On what charges? A. Because it was suspected that I was connected with you. I believe that this was the principal cause. Q. Were you surrounded here? A. Yes. Q. Where were you arrested? A. At Fort Adams. Q. Were you told what you were to have? A. I was not. I was summoned by the Sheriff of Jefferson county. Q. Did you receive permission from any authority to come round here? A. After I was summoned, I was not permitted by any officer. I dined with Col. Cushing. Q. Did you give any affidavit? A. Yes. Q. Who drew it up? A. Capt. Stoddert.
Mr. McRae. Was there any spot designated for you to carry the men to? A. I was to have ascended the Red River some distance, and there get instructions.
Mr. McRae. Was there any spot designated for you to carry the men to? A. I was to have ascended the Red River some distance, and there get instructions.
Col. Cushing. was brought forward on the part of the Prosecution.
Col. Cushing. was brought forward on the part of the Prosecution.
Mr. Hay stated, that his object in introducing Col. C. was to prove the correctness of the statement made by Gen. Wilkinson.
Mr. Hay stated, that his object in introducing Col. C. was to prove the correctness of the statement made by Gen. Wilkinson.
The witness here gave a narrative of the incidents (respecting Mr. Swartwout) which happened at Natchez, precisely agreeing with his own affidavit and with Gen. Wilkinson's statement, already published in the Enquirer.
The witness here gave a narrative of the incidents (respecting Mr. Swartwout) which happened at Natchez, precisely agreeing with his own affidavit and with Gen. Wilkinson's statement, already published in the Enquirer.
Mr. Hay. On the morning after Mr. Swartwout's arrival, Gen. W. made a communication to you? A. He did; and he mentioned to me, that he should also tell Mr. Burling. He bound me to secrecy; but advised me to retain this communication in remembrance. The reason of this injunction was, that he wished to get the designs fill further from Col. Burr; as on that point, the cyphered letter was not sufficiently communicative. Mr. Hay. Did he show you the cyphered letter? A. I saw it in his room.
Mr. Hay. On the morning after Mr. Swartwout's arrival, Gen. W. made a communication to you? A. He did; and he mentioned to me, that he should also tell Mr. Burling. He bound me to secrecy; but advised me to retain this communication in remembrance. The reason of this injunction was, that he wished to get the designs fill further from Col. Burr; as on that point, the cyphered letter was not sufficiently communicative. Mr. Hay. Did he show you the cyphered letter? A. I saw it in his room.
No Cross-Examination.
No Cross-Examination.
Mr. Wirt. After the court, how a letter now in town from Mr. Burr could be produced, flaring his opinion in January 1806, that there would be no war with Spain; and that it was not the policy of this country, that there should be one. Mr. Burr asked for a sight of this letter. Ch. Justice. Let Col. Burr see it, and then it may be handed privately to me.
Mr. Wirt. After the court, how a letter now in town from Mr. Burr could be produced, flaring his opinion in January 1806, that there would be no war with Spain; and that it was not the policy of this country, that there should be one. Mr. Burr asked for a sight of this letter. Ch. Justice. Let Col. Burr see it, and then it may be handed privately to me.
Mr. Hay then enquired for Wylie (Burr's Secretary). He wished to introduce him to show, that the cyphered letter was written by Wylie.
Mr. Hay then enquired for Wylie (Burr's Secretary). He wished to introduce him to show, that the cyphered letter was written by Wylie.
Upon being sworn and interrogated, Wylie declared that it was not his hand-writing; nor did he know who it was.
Upon being sworn and interrogated, Wylie declared that it was not his hand-writing; nor did he know who it was.
Mr. Hay enquired for Mr. Swartwout to ask him a single question.
Mr. Hay enquired for Mr. Swartwout to ask him a single question.
SAMUEL SWARTWOUT—Sworn.
SAMUEL SWARTWOUT—Sworn.
Mr. Hay. Did you deliver a packet to Gen. W.? A. I did; but I did not know its contents; nor did I receive it from Col. Burr. I have looked at that cyphered letter; but my opinion is, that it is not Col. Burr's hand writing. Q. Had you any conversation with Gen. W.? A. I had. Q. Was any one present? A. No; it seemed to be the General's will to have no one near us. Q. How did you receive this packet? A. From Mr. Ogden. Q. Did you receive no letter from Col. Burr at that time? A. Yes; but I do not think he made any reference to the cyphered letter I supposed however, that this cyphered letter came from Col. Burr. Mr. McRae. Would you not have objected to a public disclosure of your communications with Gen. W.? A. I would have spoken in presence of confidential persons. Q. Would you have done it, except in the most confidential manner? A. I would not.
Mr. Hay. Did you deliver a packet to Gen. W.? A. I did; but I did not know its contents; nor did I receive it from Col. Burr. I have looked at that cyphered letter; but my opinion is, that it is not Col. Burr's hand writing. Q. Had you any conversation with Gen. W.? A. I had. Q. Was any one present? A. No; it seemed to be the General's will to have no one near us. Q. How did you receive this packet? A. From Mr. Ogden. Q. Did you receive no letter from Col. Burr at that time? A. Yes; but I do not think he made any reference to the cyphered letter I supposed however, that this cyphered letter came from Col. Burr. Mr. McRae. Would you not have objected to a public disclosure of your communications with Gen. W.? A. I would have spoken in presence of confidential persons. Q. Would you have done it, except in the most confidential manner? A. I would not.
Mr. Burr. Did you hear Gen. W.'s Testimony? A. A part I heard, and I have read the rest. Q. Did you tell him any thing about revolutionizing the western country; when did you first hear of it? A. I heard it for the first time in court. When it was mentioned on my trial at Washington, I spoke to my counsel Messrs. Harper and Key and wished to refuse it on my oath. The General live said that I talked about delizing New Orleans and the banks there. Now I did not know at that time that there were any Banks in New Orleans; nor did I know of it, until I got to Ft. Adams. I spoke to the General however about another country. Mr. Burr. What was that? A. Mexico.
Mr. Burr. Did you hear Gen. W.'s Testimony? A. A part I heard, and I have read the rest. Q. Did you tell him any thing about revolutionizing the western country; when did you first hear of it? A. I heard it for the first time in court. When it was mentioned on my trial at Washington, I spoke to my counsel Messrs. Harper and Key and wished to refuse it on my oath. The General live said that I talked about delizing New Orleans and the banks there. Now I did not know at that time that there were any Banks in New Orleans; nor did I know of it, until I got to Ft. Adams. I spoke to the General however about another country. Mr. Burr. What was that? A. Mexico.
Q. Did you make any enquiry about the progress of the war with the Spaniards? A. Yes. I was authorized to bring you an account of the state of the preparations. Gen. W. declared to me, that he hoped, the severance of the union was Col. B's object and that he would be glad of it. He spoke some very hard words of the President. Q. Had you reason to believe that a severance of the Union was Col. Burr's object? A. I can say this, I had free access to his papers, while at Philadelphia; and I never saw or heard of any thing from Col. Burr that was the least derogatory to patriotism.
Q. Did you make any enquiry about the progress of the war with the Spaniards? A. Yes. I was authorized to bring you an account of the state of the preparations. Gen. W. declared to me, that he hoped, the severance of the union was Col. B's object and that he would be glad of it. He spoke some very hard words of the President. Q. Had you reason to believe that a severance of the Union was Col. Burr's object? A. I can say this, I had free access to his papers, while at Philadelphia; and I never saw or heard of any thing from Col. Burr that was the least derogatory to patriotism.
Mr. Wirt. Did you hear of a body of men, prepared by Col. Burr to go to Mexico? A. I did not. Several of the officers of the United States told me, that they thought there would be a war with Spain, and I then offered my services. But I will candidly say that I was ready to forget the law of Congress, passed to repress private enterprises, and that I would have gone, whatever war or not. Mr. Wirt. Was it the object of the project then to go beyond the boundaries of the United States, into Mexico? A. Oh Yes. That was avowed.
Mr. Wirt. Did you hear of a body of men, prepared by Col. Burr to go to Mexico? A. I did not. Several of the officers of the United States told me, that they thought there would be a war with Spain, and I then offered my services. But I will candidly say that I was ready to forget the law of Congress, passed to repress private enterprises, and that I would have gone, whatever war or not. Mr. Wirt. Was it the object of the project then to go beyond the boundaries of the United States, into Mexico? A. Oh Yes. That was avowed.
We omitted to state, that on Wednesday the 14th the Prosecution introduced,
We omitted to state, that on Wednesday the 14th the Prosecution introduced,
COMMODORE S. DECATUR.
COMMODORE S. DECATUR.
The Witness stated, that in December 1805, in the city of Philadelphia, he had a conversation with Mr. Burr, speaking of the certainty of a war with Spain; that Mr. Burr observed, that the war would not be a place for a man of enterprise, but an army would, and that he would mention to him in confidence, that he intended to carry an expedition into Mexico; that 7,000 men would answer; that he only wanted officers; that government knew of his plans, and that Gen. Wilkinson was concerned. Burr proposed to him to join; but the witness refused, preferring to remain in the service in which he had been brought up.
The Witness stated, that in December 1805, in the city of Philadelphia, he had a conversation with Mr. Burr, speaking of the certainty of a war with Spain; that Mr. Burr observed, that the war would not be a place for a man of enterprise, but an army would, and that he would mention to him in confidence, that he intended to carry an expedition into Mexico; that 7,000 men would answer; that he only wanted officers; that government knew of his plans, and that Gen. Wilkinson was concerned. Burr proposed to him to join; but the witness refused, preferring to remain in the service in which he had been brought up.
Cross Question by Mr. Burr. Did I positively tell you that the government knew of my plans, or did you infer that? A. I do not recollect what your precise form of expression was; but the impression given by you was, that government knew of your plans. (Evidence concluded.)
Cross Question by Mr. Burr. Did I positively tell you that the government knew of my plans, or did you infer that? A. I do not recollect what your precise form of expression was; but the impression given by you was, that government knew of your plans. (Evidence concluded.)
FAILURE OF THE ENGLISH EXPEDITION TO SOUTH AMERICA.
FAILURE OF THE ENGLISH EXPEDITION TO SOUTH AMERICA.
Letter From Gen. WHITELOCKE to the Rt. Hon. W. WINDHAM. Buenos Ayres, July 10, 1807.
Letter From Gen. WHITELOCKE to the Rt. Hon. W. WINDHAM. Buenos Ayres, July 10, 1807.
SIR,
SIR,
I have the honor to acquaint you, for the information of his Majesty, that upon being joined at Monte Video on the 15th of June, by the Corps under Brigadier Gen. Craufurd, not one moment was lost by Rear-Admiral Murray and myself in making every necessary arrangement for the attack of Buenos Ayres. After many delays, occasioned by foul winds, a landing was effected, without opposition, on the 28th of the same month, at the Ensenada de Barragán, a small Bay about thirty miles to the eastward of the town.
I have the honor to acquaint you, for the information of his Majesty, that upon being joined at Monte Video on the 15th of June, by the Corps under Brigadier Gen. Craufurd, not one moment was lost by Rear-Admiral Murray and myself in making every necessary arrangement for the attack of Buenos Ayres. After many delays, occasioned by foul winds, a landing was effected, without opposition, on the 28th of the same month, at the Ensenada de Barragán, a small Bay about thirty miles to the eastward of the town.
After some fatiguing marches through a country much intersected by swamps and deep muddy rivulets, the army reached Retiro, a Village about one mile distant from the bridge over the Rio Chuelo; on the opposite bank of which the Enemy had constructed batteries, and established a formidable line of defence. I resolved, therefore, to turn this position, by marching in two columns from my left, and crossing the river higher up, where it was represented formidable, to unite my force in the suburbs of Buenos Ayres.
After some fatiguing marches through a country much intersected by swamps and deep muddy rivulets, the army reached Retiro, a Village about one mile distant from the bridge over the Rio Chuelo; on the opposite bank of which the Enemy had constructed batteries, and established a formidable line of defence. I resolved, therefore, to turn this position, by marching in two columns from my left, and crossing the river higher up, where it was represented formidable, to unite my force in the suburbs of Buenos Ayres.
Major Gen. Leveson Gower having the command of the right column, crossed the river at a Pass called the Paso Chico, and falling in with a Corps of the Enemy's, gallantly attacked and defeated it. Owing to the ignorance of my guide, it was not until the next day that I joined with the main body of the army, when I formed my line by placing Brigadier Gen. Samuel Auchmuy's Brigade upon the left, extending it towards the Convent of the Recoleta, from which it was distant two miles—Brigadier Gen. Craufurd's Brigade occupying the central and principal avenues of the town, being distant about three miles from the great square and fort; and the 6th Dragon Guards, 9th Light Dragoons, and 45th Regiment, being upon his right, and extending towards the Retiro. The town was thus nearly invested, and this disposition of the army, and the circumstances of the town and suburbs being divided into squares of one hundred and forty yards each side, together with the knowledge that the enemy meant to occupy the flat roofs of the houses, gave rise to the following plan of attack.
Major Gen. Leveson Gower having the command of the right column, crossed the river at a Pass called the Paso Chico, and falling in with a Corps of the Enemy's, gallantly attacked and defeated it. Owing to the ignorance of my guide, it was not until the next day that I joined with the main body of the army, when I formed my line by placing Brigadier Gen. Samuel Auchmuy's Brigade upon the left, extending it towards the Convent of the Recoleta, from which it was distant two miles—Brigadier Gen. Craufurd's Brigade occupying the central and principal avenues of the town, being distant about three miles from the great square and fort; and the 6th Dragon Guards, 9th Light Dragoons, and 45th Regiment, being upon his right, and extending towards the Retiro. The town was thus nearly invested, and this disposition of the army, and the circumstances of the town and suburbs being divided into squares of one hundred and forty yards each side, together with the knowledge that the enemy meant to occupy the flat roofs of the houses, gave rise to the following plan of attack.
Brigadier Gen. Sir Samuel Auchmuy was directed to detach the 38th Regiment, to possess itself of the Plaza de Toros, and the adjacent strong ground, and there take post; the 37th, 5th, 30th, and 38th Regiments were each divided into wings; and each wing ordered to penetrate into the street directly in its front. The Light Battalion divided into wings, and each followed by a wing of the 95th Regiment, and three pounder, was ordered to proceed down the two streets on the right of the central one, and the 45th Regiment down the two adjacent; and after clearing the streets of the enemy, this latter regiment was to take post at the Retiro. Two six pounders were ordered along the central street, covered by the Cañabiers and the third troop of the 9th Light Dragoons, the remainder of which was posted as a reserve in the centre. Each division was ordered to proceed along the street directly in its front, till it arrived at the last square of houses next the River Plata; of which it was to possess itself, forming on the flat roofs, and there wait for further orders. The 95th regiment was to occupy two of the most commanding situations, from which it could annoy the enemy. Two corporals, with tools, were ordered to march at the head of each column, for the purpose of breaking open the doors; the whole were unloaded, and no firing was to be permitted until the columns had reached their final points and formed; a cannonade in the central streets was the signal for the whole to come forward.
Brigadier Gen. Sir Samuel Auchmuy was directed to detach the 38th Regiment, to possess itself of the Plaza de Toros, and the adjacent strong ground, and there take post; the 37th, 5th, 30th, and 38th Regiments were each divided into wings; and each wing ordered to penetrate into the street directly in its front. The Light Battalion divided into wings, and each followed by a wing of the 95th Regiment, and three pounder, was ordered to proceed down the two streets on the right of the central one, and the 45th Regiment down the two adjacent; and after clearing the streets of the enemy, this latter regiment was to take post at the Retiro. Two six pounders were ordered along the central street, covered by the Cañabiers and the third troop of the 9th Light Dragoons, the remainder of which was posted as a reserve in the centre. Each division was ordered to proceed along the street directly in its front, till it arrived at the last square of houses next the River Plata; of which it was to possess itself, forming on the flat roofs, and there wait for further orders. The 95th regiment was to occupy two of the most commanding situations, from which it could annoy the enemy. Two corporals, with tools, were ordered to march at the head of each column, for the purpose of breaking open the doors; the whole were unloaded, and no firing was to be permitted until the columns had reached their final points and formed; a cannonade in the central streets was the signal for the whole to come forward.
In conformity to this arrangement, at half-past six o'clock of the morning of the 5th inst. the 38th Regiment moving towards its left, and the 37th straight to its front, approached the strong post of the Retiro and Plaza de Toros, and after a most vigorous and spirited attack, in which the regiment suffered much from grape shot and musketry, their gallant Commander, Brigadier Gen. Sir Samuel Auchmuy, posted himself of the post, taking thirty-one pieces of cannon, an immense quantity of ammunition, and six hundred prisoners. The 5th Regiment meeting with but little opposition proceeded to the river, and took possession of the Church and Convent of St. Catalina. The 30th and 38th Regiments under Brigadier Gen. Lumley, moving in the appointed order, were soon opposed by a heavy and continued fire of musketry from the tops and windows of the houses; the doors of which were barricaded in so strongly barricaded in so strong a manner as to render them almost impossible to force. The streets were intersected by deep ditches, in the inside of which were planted cannon, pouring showers of grape on the advancing columns. In defiance, however, of this opposition, the 36th Regiment, headed by the gallant General, reached its final destination; but the 38th being nearer to the Port and principal defences of the enemy, were so weakened by his fire as to be totally overpowered and taken. The Bank of the 36th being thus exposed, his regiment
In conformity to this arrangement, at half-past six o'clock of the morning of the 5th inst. the 38th Regiment moving towards its left, and the 37th straight to its front, approached the strong post of the Retiro and Plaza de Toros, and after a most vigorous and spirited attack, in which the regiment suffered much from grape shot and musketry, their gallant Commander, Brigadier Gen. Sir Samuel Auchmuy, posted himself of the post, taking thirty-one pieces of cannon, an immense quantity of ammunition, and six hundred prisoners. The 5th Regiment meeting with but little opposition proceeded to the river, and took possession of the Church and Convent of St. Catalina. The 30th and 38th Regiments under Brigadier Gen. Lumley, moving in the appointed order, were soon opposed by a heavy and continued fire of musketry from the tops and windows of the houses; the doors of which were barricaded in so strongly barricaded in so strong a manner as to render them almost impossible to force. The streets were intersected by deep ditches, in the inside of which were planted cannon, pouring showers of grape on the advancing columns. In defiance, however, of this opposition, the 36th Regiment, headed by the gallant General, reached its final destination; but the 38th being nearer to the Port and principal defences of the enemy, were so weakened by his fire as to be totally overpowered and taken. The Bank of the 36th being thus exposed, his regiment

together with the 5th retired upon Sir Samuel Auchmuty's Post at the Plaza de Toros; not however, before Lieut. Col. Burns, and the Grenadier company of the 36th regiment had an opportunity of distinguishing themselves, by charging about eight hundred of the enemy, and taking about two hundred prisoners. The two six pounders moved up the central streets meeting with a very superior fire; the four troops of the Carabineers led on by Lieut. Col. Kingdon, advanced to take the battery opposed to them, but this gallant Officer being unfortunately wounded, as well as capt. Burrell, next in command, and the fire both from the battery and houses proving very destructive, they retreated to a short distance, but continued to occupy a position in front of the enemy's principal defences, and considerably in advance of that which they had taken in the morning.
The left division of Brigadier general Craufurd's Brigade, under Lieut. col. Park, passed on nearly to the river, and turning to the left, approaching the square with the intention of possessing itself of the Jesuits' College, a situation which commanded the enemy's principal line of defence. But from the very destructive nature of his fire, this was found impracticable, and after sustaining a heavy loss, one part of the division throwing itself into a house, which was afterwards not found tenable, was shortly obliged to surrender, whilst the remaining part, after enduring a dreadful fire with the greatest intrepidity, Lieut. col. Park, its commander, being wounded, retired upon the right division commanded by Brigadier Gen. Craufurd himself. This division having passed quite through to the River Plate, turned also to the left to approach the great square and fort from the north-east bastion, of which it was distant about 400 yards, when Brigadier Gen. Craufurd, learning the fate of his left division, thought it most advisable to take possession of the convent of St. Domingo near which he then was, intending to proceed onwards to the Franciscan church, which lay just nearer the fort, if the attack or success of any other of our columns should free him in some measure from the host of enemies which surrounded him. The 45th Regiment being further from the enemy's centre, had gained the Residencia without much opposition, & Lieut. col. Guard having it in possession of his battalion companies, moved down with the grenadier company towards the centre of the town, and joined brigadier General Craufurd. The Enemy, who now surrounded the convent on all sides, attempting to take a three pounder which lay in the street, the Lieut. Col. with his company, and a few light infantry under Major Trotter (an officer of great merit) were killed, but the gun was saved. The Brigadier General was now obliged to confine himself to the defence of the convent, from which the riflemen kept up a well directed fire upon such of the Enemy as approached the post; but the quantity of round shot, grape, & musketry to which they were exposed, at last obliged them to quit the top of the building, and the Enemy, to the number of 6000, bringing up cannon to force the wooden gates which fronted the fort, the Brigadier General having no communication with any other columns, & judging from the cessation of firing that those next him had not been successful, surrendered at four o'clock in the afternoon.
The result of this day's action had left me in possession of the Plaza de Toros, a strong post on the enemy's right, and the Residencia, another strong post on his left, whilst I occupied an advanced position opposite his centre; but these advantages had cost about 2500 men in killed, wounded, and prisoners. The nature of the fire to which the troops were exposed was violent in the extreme. Grape shot at the corners of all the streets, musketry, handgrenades, bricks, and stones from the tops of all the houses, every householder with his negroes defended his dwelling, each of which was in itself a fortress, and it is not, perhaps, too much to say, that the whole male population of Buenos Ayres was employed in its defence. This was the situation of the army on the morning of the 6th inst. when Gen. Liniers addressed a letter to me, offering to give up all his prisoners in the late affair, together with the 7th Regiment and others taken with Lieutenant Gen. Beresford, if I desisted from any further attack on the town, and withdrew his Majesty's forces from the River Plate, intimating at the same time from the exasperated state of the populace, he could not answer for the safety of the prisoners if I persisted in offensive measures. Influenced by this consideration (which I knew from better authority to be founded on fact), and reflecting how little advantage would be the possession of a country the inhabitants of which were so absolutely hostile, I resolved to forego the advantages which the bravery of the troops had obtained, and acceded to the annexed treaty, which I trust will meet the approbation of his Majesty.
Return of the total of killed, wounded and missing. Killed—1 Major, 6 Captains, 4 Lieutenants, 1 Ensign, 3 Staff, 18 Sergeants, 4 Drummers, 279 rank and file—316. Wounded—3 Lieut. Colonels, 5 Majors, 16 Capt's, 33 Lts, 2 Ensigns, 2 Staff, 1 Volunteer, 43 Sergeants, 11 Drummers, 558 rank and file—674. Missing—2 Staff, 1 Quarter Master, 4 Sergeants, 5 Drummers, 196 rank and file—203. Total, 316 killed, 674 wounded, 203 missing, 1193.
Of one company which suffered severely, no return has been received. The prisoners have been exchanged.
THE TREATY OR CONVENTION. I. There shall be from this time a cessation of hostilities on both sides of the River Plate. II. The troops of his Britannic majesty shall retain, from the period of 2 months the fortress and place of Monte Video, and as a neutral country there shall be considered a line drawn from San Carlos, on the west, to Pando, on the east, and there shall not be on any part of that line hostilities committed on any side, the neutrality being understood only that the individuals of both nations may live freely under their respective laws, the Spanish subjects being judged by their laws, as the English by those of their nation. III. There shall be on both sides a mutual restitution of prisoners, including not only those which have been taken since the arrival of the troops under Lieutenant General Whitehead but also all those his Britannic majesty's subjects captured in South America since the commencement of the war. IV. That for the promptest dispatch of the vessels and troops of his Britannic majesty there shall be no impediment thrown in the way of the supplies of provisions which may be requested for Monte Video. V. A period of 10 days from this time is given for the re-embarkation of his Britannic majesty's troops to pass to the north side of La Plata, with the arms which may actually be in their power, stores and equipment, at the most convenient points which may be selected, and during this time provisions may be sold to them. VI. That at the time of the delivery of the
place and fortress of Monte Video which shall take place at the end of the two months fixed in the Second Article, the delivery will be made in the terms it was found, and with the artillery it had when it was taken.
VII. Three officers of rank shall be delivered for and until the fulfilment of the above articles for both parties. It being well understood that his Britannic majesty's officers who have been on their parole, cannot serve against South America until their arrival in Europe.
Done at the fort at Buenos Ayres, the 7th day of July, 1807. (Signed by General Whitelocke, Admiral Murray—and by Liniers, Balbiani and Velasquez.)
Congress.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, MONDAY, November 9.
Mr. Park offered the following resolution which was adopted, and a committee of five appointed accordingly: Resolved , That a committee be appointed to enquire whether any, and if any, what alterations ought to be made in the law fixing the salaries of the secretaries of the Mississippi, Indiana, Louisiana, and Michigan Territories, and that they have leave to report by bill or otherwise.
Mr. Holmes presented the petition of Samuel Glynn, praying for compensation for services during the revolutionary war. Referred to the Committee of Claims.
Mr. Key presented a memorial from the Mayor and citizens of George-Town, in the district of Columbia, against the contemplated bridge over the Potomac; which was referred to the committee of the whole to whom had been referred the bill on that subject.
Mr. Key said, that the bill for the erection of the bridge was made the order of the day for this day; as the subject was particularly interesting to the citizens of his district, and he expected that to-morrow there might be documents laid on the table which would throw considerable light on the subject, he moved that the consideration of the bill should be postponed till Wednesday.
Mr. Lewis wished that the subject should progress as fast as possible; but if additional documents were expected, he had no objection to the postponement; which was accordingly agreed to.
Mr. Key moved that the memorial which he had just presented should be printed.
This was objected to by Messrs. Lewis and Upham, on the ground that no petition or document on this subject had been printed, and it would be partial to order one only to be printed, and that they could not all be printed in a reasonable time.
The motion for printing was insisted on by Messrs. Key, Nelson, and Sloan, on the ground that all the other documents had been in the possession of the House for four years, who had become acquainted with their contents; that this petition contained matter entirely new, and which could not be understood from barely hearing it read.
The motion was negatived, 56 to 46.
Mr. Boyle presented the petition of the witnesses who attended on the part of the U. States at the late trial at Richmond, stating that the pay allowed to witnesses attending that court was by no means adequate to the expenses which they necessarily incurred during their attendance; and praying for additional compensation.—Referred to the committee of Claims.
Mr. Randolph said, that at the last session, or the session before, a bill had been passed to defray certain expenses arising from the impeachment of Samuel Chase: That bill had provided compensation for witnesses only. There were several persons, other than witnesses, whom it was incumbent on the House to compensate, as marshals who served process, issuing from the Senate, for which there was no provision by law; there were also some services of a minor nature, which the managers had thought necessary, and which should be compensated. He therefore moved that the committee of Ways and Means be instructed to enquire what further appropriations are necessary to defray the expenses arising from the impeachment of Samuel Chase. Agreed.
Mr. Southward and Mr. Chandler each presented petitions on the subject of post-offices and roads, in their respective districts; which were referred.
Mr. Mumford presented a memorial from the Mayor and Aldermen of the city of New-York, stating the defenceless situation of the city and harbor, and praying that an adequate appropriation be made for its protection. Referred to the committee on the aggressions committed within our ports and waters, &c.
Mr. Smilie presented the petitions of the messengers of the Register of the Treasury, and of the messengers of the Treasury and War Departments, praying for an increased compensation; which were referred to the committee of Ways and Means.
Mr. Findley made a report from the Committee of Elections, on the memorial of Joshua Barney, complaining of the undue election of Wm. M'Creery, as a representative from the state of Maryland, in favor of Mr. M'Creery; which was committed to a committee of the whole on Thursday next; and ordered to be printed.
Agreeably to the order of the day the House went into a committee of the whole, Mr. Masters in the chair, on the bill making an appropriation for the further support of the Navy Establishment during the year 1807.
On motion of Mr. G. W. Campbell , the blanks in the bill were filled up in the following manner:
For pay and subsistence of officers and seamen, dols. 74,750 29 Provisions, 31,468 15 Repairs of vessels, 142,884 61 Pay and subsistence of the marine corps, 18,500 Cloathing for the same, 10,189 42 Medicines and hospital stores, 1,263 40 Ordnance and military stores, 310,554 60 Timber for the Navy, 87,500
The bill being gone through, a motion was made for the committee to rise, when
Mr. Quincy wished to ask a question of the chairman of the committee of Ways & Means. In the estimate which they had received from the Secretary of the Navy, it was stated that the timber procured was "for building 78 gun-boats;" the appropriation in the bill was "for the Navy;" he wished to know the reason for this variance; whether this timber was the same as that specified for the gun-boats; if so, whether it was any thing else than gun-boat timber?
Mr. G. W. Campbell said, that he would endeavour to satisfy the gentleman from Massachusetts. Upon conversing with the Secretary of the Navy, the committee were informed, that this timber was procured of such quality, that it might answer any ordinary naval purpose; it was perhaps contemplated to be used for the erection of gun-boats; but had been so selected that it could be appropriated to other purposes, if necessary.
Mr. Quincy said, the committee would recollect that in the communication from the President of the U. S. to this House, he stated that he had made a greater provision of those articles of military stores, with which we were not before sufficiently furnished; he then stated that he had also incurred some expenses, unprovided for, for gun-boats. Mr. Q. understood by the communication from the Treasury and Navy Departments, that the present appropriation was for extraordinary expenses incurred for the Navy, other than those which come under the general name of military stores, and not including those expenses for gun-boats. He asked of the chairman of the committee of Ways and Means, merely for information, whether these extraordinary expenses were those which the President alluded to? Whether expenses, not produced to the House, were not yet behind the curtain? Whether they were the whole expenses that had been incurred?
Mr. G. W. Campbell said, he could only answer to the gentleman's enquiries, that, as the message from the President of the U. States had informed the House that certain extraordinary expenses had been incurred, and that estimates would be laid before them; and as such estimates had been laid before the House, the committee had conceived that these expenses were the same as those mentioned by the President, and acted upon them under that impression. They had no information before them from which they could inform the House whether there were other expenditures made, and they had not enquired whether the message had reference to any other.
Mr. Quincy hoped the committee would excuse him, if he proposed another question. The committee would perceive that in the documents accompanying the bill, there was a statement of articles laid to be purchased. He wished to know of the committee of Ways and Means, whether, in the common sense of the word these articles were actually purchased and paid for, or only contracted for? If purchased and paid for, out of what monies the payment had been made? Whether out of the Public Treasury, from the private resources of the Secretary of the Navy, or from appropriations defined to other objects? The committee would see the direction he wished to give to this enquiry; that the committee might know before they voted this appropriation, the course which had been adopted by the officers of the Navy Department.
Mr. Eppes said, that neither he, nor any other member of this House, could satisfy all the enquiries of the gentleman from Massachusetts. All the expenses provided for by this law, were not authorised by existing laws. Under the extraordinary circumstances which had occurred on the 22d of June last, at a time when the gentleman from Massachusetts himself had declared that the most violent attack which ever disgraced the country was made, the Executive had the choice of two courses; either immediately to convene the representatives of the people, or to demand reparation from G. Britain. As the last was the course pointed out by the laws and example of nations, it was deemed proper to postpone the meeting of the legislature till it could be ascertained whether or not the outrage had been authorised by the British government. In the mean time it was deemed necessary to provide for such exigencies as might occur. Under former appropriations military stores had been procured; but all the stores thus obtained were found to belong properly to the War Department; & altho' the Department of War was sufficiently supplied with salt-petre, the Navy Department was not; and in case of any pressing emergency, it would have become necessary to purchase it at a very high price. If it was asked why salt-petre was purchased in preference to powder, it was because it had been found that powder could not be preferred in magazines; on this account it was thought better to purchase the ingredients for making powder than the article itself, as it could be made as fast as wanted. He believed that all the other items of the foregoing depended on a similar principle.
Under the existing law of the land the President was authorised to increase the marine corps to the number of 1004: under present circumstances he thought proper to exercise that power. No appropriation had been made for the purpose; but it was presumed that if the law provided the power of increasing this corps, it intended that they should be supported and clothed.
As to timber, the same reasoning would apply. It was thought essential to make preparations to guard our defenceless ports, and to prevent our cities from being burnt or destroyed. With a view to this purpose it was thought proper to procure a quantity of timber for gun-boats; and in order to enable the legislature to give such a form to the preparations for the defence of our harbors as they should think fit, the timber was so selected as to suit any purpose. And if it should not be necessary to make use of this timber, it was well known that it could be sold without loss.
There had been no other expenses incurred than those rendered necessary by the situation in which the country was placed by the attack on the Chesapeake; and he believed the present bill included every additional expenditure that was made.
Mr. Quincy observed, that in making these enquiries his intention was not to cast any blame on the incurring of these expenses. His single object was that he and the House might understand how the thing was done? He did not perceive that either the Chairman of the committee of Ways and means, or the gentleman laid up, had answered his question. One of them had detailed at length the proceedings since the affair of the Chesapeake, which Mr. Q. did not wish to condemn. He wished the House should understand in what manner this business had been managed. Situated as he was upon this floor, possessing no more means of information than any other gentleman in the House, he understood that the articles had been purchased and paid for. Reasoning in his own mind on this subject, as he would on any subject in common life, he could see but three funds from which this 600,000 dollars could be derived; The first fund was the treasury it was certainly not obtained thence, as they all knew that the treasurer cannot pay any money but by warrants; and the secretary of the treasury cannot issue any warrant, except on an appropriation by law. This then was not the fund; the next arose from the secretary of the navy having in his hands appropriations of money defined for purposes authorised by law which he may have applied to purposes which were not so authorised. He did not believe that there was so much more money than was necessarily appropriated to any specific objects in the hands of the Secretary as would enable him to meet these additional expenses without affecting other appropriations.
Mr. Quincy could then only suppose that the secretary of the navy had purchased and paid for these articles from his own private purse or that of some other person. He wished to know how it was? If he could not obtain information on this way, he must try some other. He wished that the laws of the country should be so modified, as to give all security to the individual who had taken on himself a great responsibility.
Mr. G. W. Campbell said, he understood that the gentleman's objections at first were not against the appropriation or the propriety of making it; but now, he wished to know, whether a subordinate officer had actually paid this money, or whether it remained unpaid; and if paid, where the secretary got the money to pay it. For himself, he considered it of no importance in what manner the money was paid, whether in dollars or in bank notes, or in any other way. The President had declared that he deemed it necessary to procure these materials, because appearances indicated an approaching rupture; if they had not been procured then, they might have become scarce, and perhaps could not be had at all. The materials were stored; the secretary of the navy had said that they were purchased. He conceived it immaterial whether the money was actually paid, or whether any individual had become responsible for it. It was not usual for the committee of Ways and Means, or for the house to go into minutiae, or to enquire whether the money were paid in one way or in another. He asked the gentleman from Massachusetts if it was of any importance whether it were paid a month ago, or should be paid a month hence. The gentleman seemed to endeavor to propose some question that would produce difficulty; he professed to be in favor of the appropriation, and yet wished to throw some obstacle in the way to obstruct its passage. Even had the secretary appropriated money to this exigency which had been otherwise appropriated, it was a customary measure. There was a time when this doctrine was advocated by the very gentleman who now seemed to oppose it. Mr. C. here read that part of the message from the President to Congress which relates to this subject. He then contended, that this proved that the articles spoken of were secured, and that the persons of whom they were procured were satisfied with the security of government for the purchase. If the propriety of incurring these expenses were brought into question, it might be necessary to give some answer to objections which should be offered. But as it seemed that the propriety of the measure was not questioned, he should go no farther into the subject.
Mr. Randolph said, from what he had heard of the debate, it appeared to him, that some doctrines had been advanced by the gentleman on his left (Mr. Campbell ) which had not been heretofore considered as the true old whig doctrine. The true republican or democratic doctrine, he had heard it stated, with some surprise, that the misappropriation of public money, or, in other words, to apply public money which had been appropriated for one object to another, was a matter of little importance, and unworthy of being made a question of enquiry in this House. He thought very differently. He had not heard much of the debate; but he had heard enough to convince him that an alarming—damning heresy on the subject of politics, was likely to become prevalent on the body. Mr. Randolph said he would take the liberty of reading an extract from the first communication which the present President of the U. States made to Congress, in which he recommends it as prudent to multiply barriers against the misapplication of public money, by confining expenditures to express appropriations. Mr. Randolph read the passage to which he alluded, as follows: "In our case too of the public contributions entrusted to our direction, it would be prudent to multiply barriers against their dissipation, by appropriating specific sums to every specific purpose susceptible of definition: by disallowing all applications of money varying from the appropriation on its object or transcending it in amount: by reducing the undefined field of contingencies, and thereby circumventing discretionary powers over money; and by bringing back to a single department all accountabilities for money, where the examination may be prompt, efficient and uniform." Those opinions, said he, are at total variance with the doctrine now advanced—the present doctrine threatens a war of extermination to those opinions. Doctrines which were then held sacred, and on which he had always acted, and upon which he trusted he should always continue to act, appeared now to be deserted.
The gentleman from Tennessee (Mr. Campbell ) had stated, that there was a time when certain gentlemen fancioned the doctrines for which he now contends. It was equally true, he said, that there were others, who, contemporaneously too, defended the principles for which he now contends. Does the gentleman from Tennessee consider us as political roundabouts, to be changed by changing circumstances? If this be the fact, the sooner we know it the better.
Mr. R. called the attention of the House to an enquiry formerly made into the conduct of general Hamilton, supported by a colleague of his now in the Senate. What was the crime alleged against the general? It was that he had applied monies appropriated for one purpose to defray the expense of another. This was the charge then made and supported with great ability.
Mr. Randolph allowed, that the crisis which occasioned the extraordinary expenses in question was an imminent one. It was so critical, that Congress ought to have been immediately convened, in order that they might have given authority by law for these extraordinary expenses, and for adopting such measures as national feeling and national honor called for.
He confessed he felt extremely reluctant to vote large sums for the support of our degraded and disgraced navy, for expenses too that had been illegally incurred. He had endeavored in vain to procure Gallatin on Finance, (which certainly ought to be in their library.) In that book, he recollected a case exactly apposite to the present, where the President of the U. States during the Pennsylvania insurrection, made use of money to defray the expenses incurred, which had been appropriated for a different object; but not having the book in his possession he would not venture to quote it left he should not do it correctly. Mr. R. concluded by saying, that when he rose, he did not mean to have said much on the subject. If any thing had escaped him grating to any gentleman's feelings, he hoped it would not be ascribed to an intention to offend; but he could not withhold his indignation on hearing such anti-republican and highly federal opinions, as had been supported by the gentleman from Tennessee.
(Debate to be continued.)
TUESDAY, Nov. 10.
Mr. Gardner presented the petition of Abraham Gale, of the State of N. Hampshire, stating that on a settlement of accounts betwixt him and the U. States, in 1776, he received a certificate of the balance due to him, which certificate he had lost, and praying relief. Referred to the Committee of Claims.
Mr. Pan Horne presented a petition from sundry inhabitants of the city of Washington, representing that a law had been passed by Congress enabling them to open a canal, which was to have been completed in five years; that sufficient subscriptions were not obtained within the time allowed by law, which had now expired. The petitioners pray for an incorporation of a company to carry the contemplated canal into effect. Referred to a select committee.
Mr. Glynn , from the committee of Revivals and unexpired business, made a report of several acts, the
duration of which would expire within a short time, which was ordered to be printed.
WEDNESDAY, November 11.
Mr. Parker presented the petition of Oliver Evans, stating, that by a late decision in the circuit court of the U. States, the patent issued to the petitioner for improvements in the art of manufacturing flour and meal, had been declared insufficient and void; and praying that the Department of State may be authorised to grant him a new patent. Referred to a select committee of 5 members.
Mr. Rhea of Ten. presented a letter received from the post-master-general, including a number of petitions, for new post-offices, &c. Referred to the committee on the post-office and post roads.
Messrs. Morse, Lewis, Eppes, and S. Smith each presented petitions respecting post-roads, or offices in their several districts, which were referred.
Mr. Yates presented a bill, that an act for the sale of public lands had been passed in 1796, which provided that certain sections should be reserved for the disposal of Congress in each township; in 1800, an act was passed authorising the surveyor general to lease these sections, parts of which were accordingly leased. An act had been since passed authorising the sale of the sections heretofore reserved for the disposal of Congress, with a provision attached to it, that no section should be sold at a lower rate than 8 dollars per acre. This price was so extravagantly high, that it appeared from the report of the Secretary of the Treasury only four sections had been sold in the course of the last year. To reduce the price fixed, so as that all the public lands might be sold and occupied, he moved the following resolution—He remarked that a similar resolution was last year referred to the committee on Public Lands, who reported a bill; but from the pressure of business, it was not acted on:
Resolved , That the committee on Public Lands be directed to enquire into the expediency of making further provision for the sale of the Lands referred to the disposition of Congress—and that they have leave to report by bill or otherwise. Agreed.
Mr. Dawson said, within a few days a number of gentlemen in the House had expressed much feeling on the subject of the injuries which had been received from a foreign power, and seemed desirous of a minute enquiry into the business. He rejoined at these expressions of indignation. Whether it would become proper not only to speak, but to act, depended on circumstances not within their control. He was informed by the Secretary of War that there were in the magazines of the U. S. a great number of bands of arms, of our own manufacture, which were daily increasing. It appeared that some of the states were in want of arms; the distribution of these would be favourable both to the U. S. and to the states individually. For this reason he moved the following resolution:
Resolved , That a committee be appointed to enquire into the expediency of selling to the individual states or territories, who may wish to purchase any arms or ordnance owned by the U. S. and which may be parted with without injury to the public; and that they report by bill or otherwise.
Mr. Nelson had no objection to the principle embraced by the resolution, but thought it was improperly referred. He moved that the resolution should be amended so as to refer it to the committee on so much of the President's message as relates to military establishments, &c.
Mr. Dawson had no objection.
The resolution thus amended was agreed to.
Mr. Randolph said, that at the last session of Congress, an act had been passed prohibiting the importation of slaves into any port or place in the U. States after the first day of January next. One of the sections of that act contained a principle in his opinion totally subversive of the right of property in slave holders. He had wished the subject to have been considered at the last session; but from the late period at which it had been brought forward, the house had declined acting upon it. He would say no more upon the subject at this time, but wished a bill to be brought in for amending the act, for which purpose he moved the following resolution, which was adopted, and a committee accordingly appointed.
Resolved , That a committee be appointed to enquire into the expediency of amending the act, entitled, "An act to prohibit the importation of slaves into any port or place within the jurisdiction of the United States, from and after the first day of January, in the year of our Lord, one thousand eight hundred and eight."
A message was received from the Senate by Mr. Oris , their Secretary, informing the House that they had chosen the Rev. Mr. McCormick a Chaplain on their part, in place of Dr. Gant , who declines accepting his appointment.
Agreeably to the order of the day, the House went into a committee of the whole, Mr. Pikin in the chair, on the bill for erecting a bridge across the river Potomac; and on an amendment made by Mr. Nelson to strike out the 1st section of the bill, a debate arose, which occupied the remainder of the day.
The motion was supported by Messrs. Nelson and Key , and opposed by Mr. Lewis , when, about 3 o'clock, the committee rose, reported progress, and obtained leave to sit again.
THURSDAY, Nov. 12.
After the presentation of various petitions, and the receiving of several reports, all of which were either of a private nature, or of subordinate importance, the House resolved itself into a committee of the whole, Mr. Basset in the chair, on the report of the Committee of Elections on the contested election of Wm. M'Creery , when a long and interesting debate ensued, which was continued until the usual hour of adjournment.
Messrs. Findley, Sturges, Smilie, J. Clay and Fife , advocated; and Messrs. Sawyer, Randolph and D. R. Williams opposed the report, which is in favor of the sitting member.
The committee rose, reported progress, and obtained leave to sit again.
DOCUMENTS
Accompanying the bill making further appropriations for the support of the Navy of the United States, during the year 1807. Presented the 5th of Nov. 1807.
Committee Room, Nov. 24, 1807.
Sir, The committee of Ways and Means to whom was referred "an estimate of extraordinary expenses incurred by the Navy department, since the 22d day of June last, for the service of the year one thousand eight hundred and seven," have instructed me to request that you will furnish them with such information on relative to this subject, as may be in possession of the navy department, and which you may deem material.
I have the honor to be, With high respect, Your most obedient, G. W. CAMPBELL. Honorable Robert Smith, Secretary of the Navy.
NAVY DEPARTMENT, November 24, 1807.
Sir, In answer to your letter of the 24 inst. in which you ask for such information as may be in possession of the navy department, and which may be deemed material by me, "relatively to the estimate of the expenses incurred by the navy department, since the 22d June, 1807," I have the honor to state, that under existing circumstances, it was deemed found policy and good economy to procure, in season a supply of those articles which, in the event of war, could not be procured without difficulty, and then at

very advanced prices. Of the article salt-petre, it was early determined to buy in a large supply, as we had none on hand, and had a scanty supply of powder. We have consequently purchased all that has been offered for sale at a reasonable price. For that stated in the estimate, we have given different prices, the lowest of which has been 16, the highest 18 cents per lb. For powder, cannon ball, copper, canvas & cordage, we have contracted at the ordinary market prices.
very advanced prices. Of the article salt-petre, it was early determined to buy in a large supply, as we had none on hand, and had a scanty supply of powder. We have consequently purchased all that has been offered for sale at a reasonable price. For that stated in the estimate, we have given different prices, the lowest of which has been 16, the highest 18 cents per lb. For powder, cannon ball, copper, canvas & cordage, we have contracted at the ordinary market prices.
The President further determined to prepare all our gun-boats for actual service, and to create the marine corps from men non-commissioned officers, musicians and privates, (the number estimated for, for the service of the year 1807,) to 1044, the number authorized by law. Hence the expenses incurred, as stated in the estimate, for arming, manning and provisioning our vessels, for clothing and pay, &c. of the marine corps.
The President further determined to prepare all our gun-boats for actual service, and to create the marine corps from men non-commissioned officers, musicians and privates, (the number estimated for, for the service of the year 1807,) to 1044, the number authorized by law. Hence the expenses incurred, as stated in the estimate, for arming, manning and provisioning our vessels, for clothing and pay, &c. of the marine corps.
On reviewing the estimate, which from necessity was hastily prepared, I discover one item which should not have been included. I mean 63000 lb. of sheet iron, rated under the head of repairs of vessels, amounting to dollars 912 12. This item having been returned in the general statements, of contracts and purchases, made by the navy agents since the 22d June last, in pursuance of a circular addressed to them, was taken from those general statements and introduced into the estimate, without the object for which it was intended having been advertised to. Upon examination I find that it was purchased under the appropriation law of the 7th January, 1807, and is intended to be used not in repairing of vessels, but in roofing buildings at the navy yard. This item having been thus already provided for by law, need not be included in the appropriation now to be made. Deducted from the estimate for repairs of vessels, it reduces that item from dollars 141896 73 to dollars 142584 61 and consequently the whole amount of the estimate will be dollars 677964 47 instead of 686076 59, as first stated.
On reviewing the estimate, which from necessity was hastily prepared, I discover one item which should not have been included. I mean 63000 lb. of sheet iron, rated under the head of repairs of vessels, amounting to dollars 912 12. This item having been returned in the general statements, of contracts and purchases, made by the navy agents since the 22d June last, in pursuance of a circular addressed to them, was taken from those general statements and introduced into the estimate, without the object for which it was intended having been advertised to. Upon examination I find that it was purchased under the appropriation law of the 7th January, 1807, and is intended to be used not in repairing of vessels, but in roofing buildings at the navy yard. This item having been thus already provided for by law, need not be included in the appropriation now to be made. Deducted from the estimate for repairs of vessels, it reduces that item from dollars 141896 73 to dollars 142584 61 and consequently the whole amount of the estimate will be dollars 677964 47 instead of 686076 59, as first stated.
I have the honor to be, Respectfully, Sir, Your most obedient, R. SMITH. Honorable G. W. Campbell, Chairman Committee Ways and Means.
I have the honor to be, Respectfully, Sir, Your most obedient, R. SMITH. Honorable G. W. Campbell, Chairman Committee Ways and Means.
BALTIMORE, November 10.
BALTIMORE, November 10.
The following address was on Sunday presented to General JAMES WILKINSON by the Officers of the 27th Regiment Maryland Militia.
The following address was on Sunday presented to General JAMES WILKINSON by the Officers of the 27th Regiment Maryland Militia.
SIR, The institutions of a free people, are most peculiarly exposed to subversion, from the tenderness of the law, in refusing to impose restraints on the actions of individuals, who are thus permitted at leisure to digest and mature schemes of ambition, and projects of revolution, of which the law takes no cognizance, until they may fatally explode upon the community. To the lovers of order and good government, it must be a subject of surprise and regret that ever an occasion should occur, when the law, which self-balanced and omnipotent, should equally protect society and the individual, having failed in its operation upon a great emergency, the fate of a portion of our country should be cast on the exertions and will of a single person; but when such a crisis existed, it must be a source of congratulation to every good citizen, that such a man with the requisite energy and patriotism, should be found at his post—Far distant from those to whom you looked for instructions, and by whose orders you were bound, embarrassed by difficulties, perplexed by artifices, and beset by toils, you resisted the prospect of ambition, the wiles of intrigue, and the arts of a master in cunning and corruption, and consulting the inspiration of patriotism, and the dictates of duty, you dared, at your own dread risk, and upon your sole responsibility, to defeat the foul projects of treason, and save a people from the horrors of revolutionary rapine and violence. For this great and important service, you have merited the thanks of a grateful nation—and the impartial pen of history shall transmit your name undimmed by the false glosses and artful calumnies of the day, to a posterity who will revere your memory, as one who has derived well of his native land, and is to be ranked among its benefactors. For our part, we take this occasion to assure you, that the attempts which have been made under the auspices of treason, to appreciate your services and distort your motives, have only served to render the merit of those services more precious, the patriotism and purity of those motives more indisputable. That your country may continue to enjoy the fruits of your useful labors, that your services, and merits may never be forgotten, while honorable actions receive their reward, and that you may long live to feel the approbation of your country, and of your conscience, is the ardent and affectionate wish of those, who are happy to have this public occasion of expressing to you, Sir, their attachment to your person, and of welcoming you to the city of Baltimore.
SIR, The institutions of a free people, are most peculiarly exposed to subversion, from the tenderness of the law, in refusing to impose restraints on the actions of individuals, who are thus permitted at leisure to digest and mature schemes of ambition, and projects of revolution, of which the law takes no cognizance, until they may fatally explode upon the community. To the lovers of order and good government, it must be a subject of surprise and regret that ever an occasion should occur, when the law, which self-balanced and omnipotent, should equally protect society and the individual, having failed in its operation upon a great emergency, the fate of a portion of our country should be cast on the exertions and will of a single person; but when such a crisis existed, it must be a source of congratulation to every good citizen, that such a man with the requisite energy and patriotism, should be found at his post—Far distant from those to whom you looked for instructions, and by whose orders you were bound, embarrassed by difficulties, perplexed by artifices, and beset by toils, you resisted the prospect of ambition, the wiles of intrigue, and the arts of a master in cunning and corruption, and consulting the inspiration of patriotism, and the dictates of duty, you dared, at your own dread risk, and upon your sole responsibility, to defeat the foul projects of treason, and save a people from the horrors of revolutionary rapine and violence. For this great and important service, you have merited the thanks of a grateful nation—and the impartial pen of history shall transmit your name undimmed by the false glosses and artful calumnies of the day, to a posterity who will revere your memory, as one who has derived well of his native land, and is to be ranked among its benefactors. For our part, we take this occasion to assure you, that the attempts which have been made under the auspices of treason, to appreciate your services and distort your motives, have only served to render the merit of those services more precious, the patriotism and purity of those motives more indisputable. That your country may continue to enjoy the fruits of your useful labors, that your services, and merits may never be forgotten, while honorable actions receive their reward, and that you may long live to feel the approbation of your country, and of your conscience, is the ardent and affectionate wish of those, who are happy to have this public occasion of expressing to you, Sir, their attachment to your person, and of welcoming you to the city of Baltimore.
THE ANSWER.
THE ANSWER.
GENTLEMEN, You embarrass and oppress me by this unexpected and unmerited courtesy. Feeling and reflection instruct me to reverence your motives, and I shall ever acknowledge your approbation with grateful sensibility; but as the instance of my conduct which has produced the expression of your confidence, was imposed on me by imperious circumstances and sprung from a sense of duty, which could not have neglected without incurring the reprobation of my own breast, and the condemnation of all good men, it necessarily follows that I can have no fair claim to extraordinary favor. Yet pending the awful scene to which you have adverted, the sufferings incident to the peculiar position of a patriot, seem to give me some title to the sympathy of those for whom I have suffered; and I beg you to believe that in the commendation of the patriot band of citizen soldiers, who have honored me on this occasion, I have received a testimonial which I most highly appreciate. When I suffered myself a sacrifice to avert a great national calamity, I was not insensible that I exposed myself to serious peril, but indeed I did anticipate the perils of military conflict, and not the persecutions of the rogue & the p. I have been deceived, and instead of the sword of the soldier, I have been assailed by the dagger of the assassin. The gathering form surveyed at a distance, which menaced those fundamental institutions I had sworn to defend, did not alarm me for myself, but put me in fear for my country—yielded to a virtuous impulse, and instead of the date, and in giving the blow I offended against the laws—encompassed by difficulties, without guide or pilot, but my own feeble discretion, and urged by the necessity of the case, I was impelled by my instructions to the commission of a momentary violation, for the permanent security of the constitution and in discharging a sacred duty; I have incurred heavy penalties—should the policy of my country prescribe it, I shall meet the infliction without a murmur, and prostrating myself before the
GENTLEMEN, You embarrass and oppress me by this unexpected and unmerited courtesy. Feeling and reflection instruct me to reverence your motives, and I shall ever acknowledge your approbation with grateful sensibility; but as the instance of my conduct which has produced the expression of your confidence, was imposed on me by imperious circumstances and sprung from a sense of duty, which could not have neglected without incurring the reprobation of my own breast, and the condemnation of all good men, it necessarily follows that I can have no fair claim to extraordinary favor. Yet pending the awful scene to which you have adverted, the sufferings incident to the peculiar position of a patriot, seem to give me some title to the sympathy of those for whom I have suffered; and I beg you to believe that in the commendation of the patriot band of citizen soldiers, who have honored me on this occasion, I have received a testimonial which I most highly appreciate. When I suffered myself a sacrifice to avert a great national calamity, I was not insensible that I exposed myself to serious peril, but indeed I did anticipate the perils of military conflict, and not the persecutions of the rogue & the p. I have been deceived, and instead of the sword of the soldier, I have been assailed by the dagger of the assassin. The gathering form surveyed at a distance, which menaced those fundamental institutions I had sworn to defend, did not alarm me for myself, but put me in fear for my country—yielded to a virtuous impulse, and instead of the date, and in giving the blow I offended against the laws—encompassed by difficulties, without guide or pilot, but my own feeble discretion, and urged by the necessity of the case, I was impelled by my instructions to the commission of a momentary violation, for the permanent security of the constitution and in discharging a sacred duty; I have incurred heavy penalties—should the policy of my country prescribe it, I shall meet the infliction without a murmur, and prostrating myself before the
civil authority, I shall triumph in my own degradation; or should it be deemed expedient to the safety and happiness of United America to abolish the precedent, let the honest purposes of a faithful soldier be fulfilled and my life oblige the transgressor;—then I shall not have lived in vain, and posterity whilst they applaud the generous sentiment which has moved you, gentlemen, this day, will do justice to the memory of a voluntary victim, whose expiring breath will be raised to heaven for the preservation of HIS COUNTRY, ITS GOVERNMENT AND LAWS.
civil authority, I shall triumph in my own degradation; or should it be deemed expedient to the safety and happiness of United America to abolish the precedent, let the honest purposes of a faithful soldier be fulfilled and my life oblige the transgressor;—then I shall not have lived in vain, and posterity whilst they applaud the generous sentiment which has moved you, gentlemen, this day, will do justice to the memory of a voluntary victim, whose expiring breath will be raised to heaven for the preservation of HIS COUNTRY, ITS GOVERNMENT AND LAWS.
The Enquirer.
The Enquirer.
RICHMOND, November 17. CURSORY REFLECTIONS. PORTRAIT OF THE CHIEF JUSTICE.
RICHMOND, November 17. CURSORY REFLECTIONS. PORTRAIT OF THE CHIEF JUSTICE.
No. V. His 5th position is, that it is "necessary to adduce the record of the previous conviction of some one person" who was present at the island, before A. Burr can be convicted of Treason. The counsel for the prisoner placed this upon the ground, that A. Burr was merely an accessory; or at most a principal in the 2nd degree; "whose crime is merely derivative, and that therefore no further evidence can be exhibited against him, until there is a record produced of the conviction of the offender in the first degree." But this maxim is completely overruled by the Principle of English law, that "in high treason, there are no accessories, but all are principals; the same act, says Blackstone, that makes a man accessory in felony, making him a principal in high treason, upon account of the heinousness of the crime."
No. V. His 5th position is, that it is "necessary to adduce the record of the previous conviction of some one person" who was present at the island, before A. Burr can be convicted of Treason. The counsel for the prisoner placed this upon the ground, that A. Burr was merely an accessory; or at most a principal in the 2nd degree; "whose crime is merely derivative, and that therefore no further evidence can be exhibited against him, until there is a record produced of the conviction of the offender in the first degree." But this maxim is completely overruled by the Principle of English law, that "in high treason, there are no accessories, but all are principals; the same act, says Blackstone, that makes a man accessory in felony, making him a principal in high treason, upon account of the heinousness of the crime."
This is a difficulty however which the ready ingenuity of the Chief Justice easily overleaps. Finding the law to be against him, he goes to the reason of the law, and thus in the usual style of legal quibbling, he sticks to the letter of the law so long as it avails him, and when it is of no further use, he conjures up its spirit to destroy the law itself. But what is the reason of this principle?
This is a difficulty however which the ready ingenuity of the Chief Justice easily overleaps. Finding the law to be against him, he goes to the reason of the law, and thus in the usual style of legal quibbling, he sticks to the letter of the law so long as it avails him, and when it is of no further use, he conjures up its spirit to destroy the law itself. But what is the reason of this principle?
"All, says Blackstone, are principals"—and why? "upon account of the heinousness of the crime." Now, who is there that will pretend to compare the atrocity of the crime of Burr with that of the victims, whom he had assembled at Blennerhassett's Island? The very reason of the law then as stated by Blackstone, only points this principle itself more strongly against A. Burr.
"All, says Blackstone, are principals"—and why? "upon account of the heinousness of the crime." Now, who is there that will pretend to compare the atrocity of the crime of Burr with that of the victims, whom he had assembled at Blennerhassett's Island? The very reason of the law then as stated by Blackstone, only points this principle itself more strongly against A. Burr.
And what says the reason of the ingenious Chief Justice? "The accessory follows the nature of his principal—the legal guilt of the person who planned the assemblage on Blennerhassett's island depends not simply on the criminality of the previous conspiracy, but on the criminality of that assemblage—if those who perpetrated the act, be not traitors, who advised the fact cannot be a traitor." What subtle sophistry!
And what says the reason of the ingenious Chief Justice? "The accessory follows the nature of his principal—the legal guilt of the person who planned the assemblage on Blennerhassett's island depends not simply on the criminality of the previous conspiracy, but on the criminality of that assemblage—if those who perpetrated the act, be not traitors, who advised the fact cannot be a traitor." What subtle sophistry!
How often has the Chief Justice himself declared, that the innocence or criminality of an assemblage depends upon the overt act of assemblage?—no; but upon its intention and design. In other words, that the act of assemblage may be either innocent or criminal, and that it takes its colour from the intention alone. The very criminality of that assemblage depends upon the criminality of the intention and plan, which produced it.
How often has the Chief Justice himself declared, that the innocence or criminality of an assemblage depends upon the overt act of assemblage?—no; but upon its intention and design. In other words, that the act of assemblage may be either innocent or criminal, and that it takes its colour from the intention alone. The very criminality of that assemblage depends upon the criminality of the intention and plan, which produced it.
To ascertain the criminality of the conspiracy is therefore as essential to the conviction of those who were present on the island, as the nature of that assemblage is to produce the conviction of the chief conspirator himself. As far therefore as the abstruse reason of the law applies to this general case, it is as necessary to prove the one as the other.
To ascertain the criminality of the conspiracy is therefore as essential to the conviction of those who were present on the island, as the nature of that assemblage is to produce the conviction of the chief conspirator himself. As far therefore as the abstruse reason of the law applies to this general case, it is as necessary to prove the one as the other.
But suppose a case, in which the criminality of this assemblage completely depends upon the plans of the conspirator. If a set of men were to assemble at any one point, prepared implicitly to execute the behests of their leader, and explicitly enlisting on the condition of doing whatever he pleased to dictate; the guilt of this assemblage would depend entirely upon the views of the conspirator. This case is almost precisely analogous to the situation of the men assembled at Blennerhassett's Island or at the mouth of Cumberland. Many of these men were enlisted for six months, without any definite view of the enterprise, on which they were embarked. They were mere instruments in the hands of the leader, like "the poison, the pitfall or the bear," which according to Blackstone, cannot be considered as principals, and therefore even, in the case of murder , impaint the guilt of a principal to their employer. Does not each of these men borrow all this guilt from the criminal views of the conspirator, or in law parlance, "follow the nature of his principal?" In the reason of the law then, is not the conspirator himself the principal, and the deluded instruments of his ambition, mere accessories?
But suppose a case, in which the criminality of this assemblage completely depends upon the plans of the conspirator. If a set of men were to assemble at any one point, prepared implicitly to execute the behests of their leader, and explicitly enlisting on the condition of doing whatever he pleased to dictate; the guilt of this assemblage would depend entirely upon the views of the conspirator. This case is almost precisely analogous to the situation of the men assembled at Blennerhassett's Island or at the mouth of Cumberland. Many of these men were enlisted for six months, without any definite view of the enterprise, on which they were embarked. They were mere instruments in the hands of the leader, like "the poison, the pitfall or the bear," which according to Blackstone, cannot be considered as principals, and therefore even, in the case of murder , impaint the guilt of a principal to their employer. Does not each of these men borrow all this guilt from the criminal views of the conspirator, or in law parlance, "follow the nature of his principal?" In the reason of the law then, is not the conspirator himself the principal, and the deluded instruments of his ambition, mere accessories?
But according to the 6th position, this assemblage must be force , that is, in a military posture , carrying the appearance of force, and in a situation to practise hostilities, before they can be said to levy war —In other words, they must be "in a condition to attempt or proceed upon the treason which had been contemplated."
But according to the 6th position, this assemblage must be force , that is, in a military posture , carrying the appearance of force, and in a situation to practise hostilities, before they can be said to levy war —In other words, they must be "in a condition to attempt or proceed upon the treason which had been contemplated."
But if this definition be analysed, it will appear that it is either indefinite in its terms, or that it is incorrect.
But if this definition be analysed, it will appear that it is either indefinite in its terms, or that it is incorrect.
To constitute a "military posture," must this assemblage proceed, vexillis erectis , with colors flying? No. This pomp and pageantry of war are not necessary. The army may march without them, in silence and without suspicion, until they have arrived at a certain point, when they are ready to strike an effectual blow.
To constitute a "military posture," must this assemblage proceed, vexillis erectis , with colors flying? No. This pomp and pageantry of war are not necessary. The army may march without them, in silence and without suspicion, until they have arrived at a certain point, when they are ready to strike an effectual blow.
Is it necessary to march with arms and bayonets displayed? No. To shun suspicion, the army may march on to their object, with all their warlike weapons concealed in boxes, but in a situation to seize them at a moment's warning.
Is it necessary to march with arms and bayonets displayed? No. To shun suspicion, the army may march on to their object, with all their warlike weapons concealed in boxes, but in a situation to seize them at a moment's warning.
Even arms themselves are not absolutely necessary. According to Hales, numbers will supply the want of military array or weapons; and even Furor miniatur arma . Let us suppose, what was extremely probable, that it was in proof that A. Burr had intended to equip his army with arms at some arsenal on the Mississippi or at Baton Rouge, it will not be contended that these men had not levied war, because they had not actually the necessary number of arms in their hands. If then by the phrase "military posture," the Chief Justice requires that the assemblage should have banners flying, and arms and bayonets displayed, he requires what is not absolutely necessary to "levying war;" & if he does not require them, what can he consider as the essential ingredients of a military posture? As little light is shed by his requiring them to be in a condition to proceed upon the contemplated treason. Does he merely require them to be in a condition to resist the sheriff and Poss Comitatūs who command them to disperse? A small force is adequate to this resistance. Does he require them to be in a condition to effect the great object to which they aspire; perhaps the dismemberment of the union? Certainly not; because that they may be incompetent to
Even arms themselves are not absolutely necessary. According to Hales, numbers will supply the want of military array or weapons; and even Furor miniatur arma . Let us suppose, what was extremely probable, that it was in proof that A. Burr had intended to equip his army with arms at some arsenal on the Mississippi or at Baton Rouge, it will not be contended that these men had not levied war, because they had not actually the necessary number of arms in their hands. If then by the phrase "military posture," the Chief Justice requires that the assemblage should have banners flying, and arms and bayonets displayed, he requires what is not absolutely necessary to "levying war;" & if he does not require them, what can he consider as the essential ingredients of a military posture? As little light is shed by his requiring them to be in a condition to proceed upon the contemplated treason. Does he merely require them to be in a condition to resist the sheriff and Poss Comitatūs who command them to disperse? A small force is adequate to this resistance. Does he require them to be in a condition to effect the great object to which they aspire; perhaps the dismemberment of the union? Certainly not; because that they may be incompetent to
this great object at the commencement, they may approach it by such gradual steps as may certainly contribute to its ultimate attainment; but it would be ridiculous to say that none of these gradual steps short of the ultimate object itself could deserve the name of treason. The last was undoubtedly the scheme of Burr. He intended to proceed by degrees. One conquest would have been the stepping-stone to another, until he should finally have grasped the great object of his ambition.
this great object at the commencement, they may approach it by such gradual steps as may certainly contribute to its ultimate attainment; but it would be ridiculous to say that none of these gradual steps short of the ultimate object itself could deserve the name of treason. The last was undoubtedly the scheme of Burr. He intended to proceed by degrees. One conquest would have been the stepping-stone to another, until he should finally have grasped the great object of his ambition.
But if this degree of military force be not necessary, it may be asked, where we shall draw "the line short of force; the answer is obvious, at the assemblage ; where the courts of England and the highest court of this country have concurred in drawing it." If a set of men assemble; either with arms in their hands or within their reach, or in a sufficient number to supply the place of arms; if they be sufficiently strong to carry the first point which is to be attacked and thence to advance to new acquisitions, and new violations of allegiance; if these men, thus situated are prepared for such treasonable purposes either by their own resolution, or by their submission to the will of their leader; the treason of the leader is consummated. It is superfluous if they should have their banners flying, or their arms displayed, or that they be in a situation to effectuate the great object that is contemplated by their leader.
But if this degree of military force be not necessary, it may be asked, where we shall draw "the line short of force; the answer is obvious, at the assemblage ; where the courts of England and the highest court of this country have concurred in drawing it." If a set of men assemble; either with arms in their hands or within their reach, or in a sufficient number to supply the place of arms; if they be sufficiently strong to carry the first point which is to be attacked and thence to advance to new acquisitions, and new violations of allegiance; if these men, thus situated are prepared for such treasonable purposes either by their own resolution, or by their submission to the will of their leader; the treason of the leader is consummated. It is superfluous if they should have their banners flying, or their arms displayed, or that they be in a situation to effectuate the great object that is contemplated by their leader.
As to the 7th position assumed by the Chief Justice, it carries its own refutation with it. It is absurd, that a few men cannot be traitors, because the assemblage itself is unacquainted with their treasonable projects. According to this strange doctrine, a daring leader that is at the head of a set of unprincipled desperadoes who have sworn to partake of all his fortunes, and to execute all his commands, cannot be said to be a traitor, because he had not yet divulged his intentions. Nor should he be declared a traitor who has enlisted a set of men without any such express condition but who knows how to seduce them into some breach of the laws of their country, & who profits by the apprehended punishment of this crime, to drive them into an open revolt against the government of their country. Whatever may be the merits of these humble instruments of his ambition, it is incredible that the head of this assemblage should not himself be a traitor.
As to the 7th position assumed by the Chief Justice, it carries its own refutation with it. It is absurd, that a few men cannot be traitors, because the assemblage itself is unacquainted with their treasonable projects. According to this strange doctrine, a daring leader that is at the head of a set of unprincipled desperadoes who have sworn to partake of all his fortunes, and to execute all his commands, cannot be said to be a traitor, because he had not yet divulged his intentions. Nor should he be declared a traitor who has enlisted a set of men without any such express condition but who knows how to seduce them into some breach of the laws of their country, & who profits by the apprehended punishment of this crime, to drive them into an open revolt against the government of their country. Whatever may be the merits of these humble instruments of his ambition, it is incredible that the head of this assemblage should not himself be a traitor.
WHAT NEXT?
WHAT NEXT?
The latest news from Europe is entitled to particular attention. Copenhagen has surrendered to the British arms. A new expedition is fitting out in England for the ostensible purpose of occupying Madeira, while Portugal, the mother country, falls into the hands of France.
The latest news from Europe is entitled to particular attention. Copenhagen has surrendered to the British arms. A new expedition is fitting out in England for the ostensible purpose of occupying Madeira, while Portugal, the mother country, falls into the hands of France.
Another expedition of 20,000 men is fitting out, for the ostensible purpose of recovering their losses and their honour in South America. The Portuguese Monarchy is said to have formed a design of emigrating to the Brazils in South America, and to have solicited the aid of the English fleet for their safe transportation.
Another expedition of 20,000 men is fitting out, for the ostensible purpose of recovering their losses and their honour in South America. The Portuguese Monarchy is said to have formed a design of emigrating to the Brazils in South America, and to have solicited the aid of the English fleet for their safe transportation.
But these important circumstances are comparatively of little interest to ourselves when we advert to the information that we have received respecting our own affairs.
But these important circumstances are comparatively of little interest to ourselves when we advert to the information that we have received respecting our own affairs.
Every thing seems to shew that the British ministers are determined on a rupture with our country, or at least they are bent on enforcing such principles as must make a rupture inevitable. Under the frivolous pretence of retaliating for the French and Spanish decrees, they have determined to declare every belligerent port in a state of blockade, and to seize every American vessel, that falls from or to them; or in other words, they are determined to intercept our trade with almost every port in Europe. Russian and Sweden are most probably on the verge of a war with them, and in that event, there is not a port of Europe open to our commerce.
Every thing seems to shew that the British ministers are determined on a rupture with our country, or at least they are bent on enforcing such principles as must make a rupture inevitable. Under the frivolous pretence of retaliating for the French and Spanish decrees, they have determined to declare every belligerent port in a state of blockade, and to seize every American vessel, that falls from or to them; or in other words, they are determined to intercept our trade with almost every port in Europe. Russian and Sweden are most probably on the verge of a war with them, and in that event, there is not a port of Europe open to our commerce.
But what marks their disposition toward us, is their determination to adhere to the right of searching our vessels for their seamen.
But what marks their disposition toward us, is their determination to adhere to the right of searching our vessels for their seamen.
Is it not evident that England has abandoned every principle of justice and every law of nations, and that she has proclaimed herself to be an horde of pirates? The "hand is against every man and every man's hand must be against her."
Is it not evident that England has abandoned every principle of justice and every law of nations, and that she has proclaimed herself to be an horde of pirates? The "hand is against every man and every man's hand must be against her."
Surely the English ministry must be infatuated by despair. There never was a time, when her resources for war were so few or her commercial prospects so gloomy. At every preceding period has she been animated by some hopes of producing a coalition on the continent; but the battle of Friedland has dissipated this vision, and deprived her even of her last ally.
Surely the English ministry must be infatuated by despair. There never was a time, when her resources for war were so few or her commercial prospects so gloomy. At every preceding period has she been animated by some hopes of producing a coalition on the continent; but the battle of Friedland has dissipated this vision, and deprived her even of her last ally.
The same tremendous event has thrown a check upon her commerce which it had never before experienced. Her manufactures though excluded from the Atlantic ports, could still penetrate into the heart of Germany through the ports of the Baltic; but the battle of Friedland has closed the principal ports and rivers of the Baltic against her.
The same tremendous event has thrown a check upon her commerce which it had never before experienced. Her manufactures though excluded from the Atlantic ports, could still penetrate into the heart of Germany through the ports of the Baltic; but the battle of Friedland has closed the principal ports and rivers of the Baltic against her.
And if Russia and Sweden declare against her, her situation will still be more deplorable. Where will she export her own manufactures? Where will she procure the materials for her ship-building; the hemp, the tar, or the iron and timber of the north?
And if Russia and Sweden declare against her, her situation will still be more deplorable. Where will she export her own manufactures? Where will she procure the materials for her ship-building; the hemp, the tar, or the iron and timber of the north?
Surely not to and in the U.S.; for if she has adopted such rigorous measures towards us, as the Sanfom relates, our ports ought immediately to be closed against her, and not by a partial restriction act but by a non importation law.
Surely not to and in the U.S.; for if she has adopted such rigorous measures towards us, as the Sanfom relates, our ports ought immediately to be closed against her, and not by a partial restriction act but by a non importation law.
It is not sufficient that England should be disposed to make us every reparation for the attack on the Chesapeake; for still there is the great principle of impairment to adjust and she will not adjust it on our own terms. This resistance however seems perfectly clear to us; that it is better for us to press the surrender of this principle at this time, than to waive it for several years. If unresisted, it will become a source of perpetual irritation to the two countries and will almost certainly be productive of a war at some time or other. But at what time can we expect so many aids or so little resistance, as now when every port of Europe is about to be shut against G. B.? Humanity not less than policy requires us then to use energetic measures.
It is not sufficient that England should be disposed to make us every reparation for the attack on the Chesapeake; for still there is the great principle of impairment to adjust and she will not adjust it on our own terms. This resistance however seems perfectly clear to us; that it is better for us to press the surrender of this principle at this time, than to waive it for several years. If unresisted, it will become a source of perpetual irritation to the two countries and will almost certainly be productive of a war at some time or other. But at what time can we expect so many aids or so little resistance, as now when every port of Europe is about to be shut against G. B.? Humanity not less than policy requires us then to use energetic measures.
Should war be the result, we have these considerations; that our cause is just; that our people are united; that we shall have calls enough in our treasury to meet its expenses for two years, and resources enough afterwards to prevent our resorting to direct taxes. For which important facts, see the Report of the Secretary of the Treasury.
Should war be the result, we have these considerations; that our cause is just; that our people are united; that we shall have calls enough in our treasury to meet its expenses for two years, and resources enough afterwards to prevent our resorting to direct taxes. For which important facts, see the Report of the Secretary of the Treasury.
THE GRAND LODGE OF VIRGINIA.
THE GRAND LODGE OF VIRGINIA.
Will meet on MONDAY, December the 14th next. Wm. H. FITZWYLYSONN, C. S. RICHMOND, Nov. 17. epl4D.
Will meet on MONDAY, December the 14th next. Wm. H. FITZWYLYSONN, C. S. RICHMOND, Nov. 17. epl4D.
NEW-YORK, Nov. 11.
NEW-YORK, Nov. 11.
The fast sailing ship Saucony , capt. Stevens, arrived below at a late hour last evening, in 36 days from Plymouth, in England. She left there on the 5th October; and to captain Stevens and captain Doane, passenger, the Editor of the Mercantile Advertiser is indebted for Bristol papers to the 4th of October, Liverpool papers to the 18th, London papers to the 30th of September, and a number of valuable marine articles.
The fast sailing ship Saucony , capt. Stevens, arrived below at a late hour last evening, in 36 days from Plymouth, in England. She left there on the 5th October; and to captain Stevens and captain Doane, passenger, the Editor of the Mercantile Advertiser is indebted for Bristol papers to the 4th of October, Liverpool papers to the 18th, London papers to the 30th of September, and a number of valuable marine articles.
Captain Doane informs us, that he left London on the 24th October, at which time the United States Schooner Revenge had arrived at Portsmouth from Falmouth, to take on board Mr. Monroe, who was expected there in a few days, and whose baggage had been packed up a week before. It was rumoured, that he might have been released by the British government, either as it respected merchant vessels or ships of war; and that the prospect of an accommodation between Great Britain and the United States was gloomy. The former had issued orders to detain all American vessels bound to or from the ports of an enemy; and had raised the blockade of the Ems, Weser, and Elbe, about the 20th of September. He states also, that the expedition to Madeira had not failed, but was rendered fruitless by the arrival of the British fleet, to consist of 20,000 troops, was fitting out, destined (as supposed) for South America.
Captain Doane informs us, that he left London on the 24th October, at which time the United States Schooner Revenge had arrived at Portsmouth from Falmouth, to take on board Mr. Monroe, who was expected there in a few days, and whose baggage had been packed up a week before. It was rumoured, that he might have been released by the British government, either as it respected merchant vessels or ships of war; and that the prospect of an accommodation between Great Britain and the United States was gloomy. The former had issued orders to detain all American vessels bound to or from the ports of an enemy; and had raised the blockade of the Ems, Weser, and Elbe, about the 20th of September. He states also, that the expedition to Madeira had not failed, but was rendered fruitless by the arrival of the British fleet, to consist of 20,000 troops, was fitting out, destined (as supposed) for South America.
The latter conjecture is in a great measure confirmed by an article in the London Star of the 28th September, which notices the meeting of a cabinet council on the Friday preceding, which continued in close deliberation until three o'clock in the morning. The proceedings had been concealed with great care; but it was rumoured, that, amongst other measures decided upon, was the recapture of Buenos Ayres , as indispensably requisite to wipe off the stigma brought upon the British arms by the surrender and evacuation of their conquest in this quarter. For this purpose, the expedition mentioned by captain Doane, was fitting out, that the conquest might not be attended with procrastination. One great cause of the slow progress of their military operations hitherto, is said to be the arithmetical nicety with which the force has been calculated for the accomplishment of the intended object—not allowing a single man more than was thought indispensably necessary.
The latter conjecture is in a great measure confirmed by an article in the London Star of the 28th September, which notices the meeting of a cabinet council on the Friday preceding, which continued in close deliberation until three o'clock in the morning. The proceedings had been concealed with great care; but it was rumoured, that, amongst other measures decided upon, was the recapture of Buenos Ayres , as indispensably requisite to wipe off the stigma brought upon the British arms by the surrender and evacuation of their conquest in this quarter. For this purpose, the expedition mentioned by captain Doane, was fitting out, that the conquest might not be attended with procrastination. One great cause of the slow progress of their military operations hitherto, is said to be the arithmetical nicety with which the force has been calculated for the accomplishment of the intended object—not allowing a single man more than was thought indispensably necessary.
This system, in the present instance, is to be abandoned; and the government is encouraged to adopt vigorous operations from the facilities which have attended their operations before Copenhagen.
This system, in the present instance, is to be abandoned; and the government is encouraged to adopt vigorous operations from the facilities which have attended their operations before Copenhagen.
Mr. Hawke, a merchant of London, writes to captain Stevens, under date of 18th September; "although Mr. Monroe's departure for America may look like hostility, yet this is not the case; Mr. Pinkney will act in his stead. I learn that this government have determined to search all neutral ships for British seamen; and it is said a proclamation will be issued in a day or two to that effect." This proclamation, however, had not appeared on the 30th.
Mr. Hawke, a merchant of London, writes to captain Stevens, under date of 18th September; "although Mr. Monroe's departure for America may look like hostility, yet this is not the case; Mr. Pinkney will act in his stead. I learn that this government have determined to search all neutral ships for British seamen; and it is said a proclamation will be issued in a day or two to that effect." This proclamation, however, had not appeared on the 30th.
We collect from our London and Bristol papers that the Dutch government have interdicted all intercourse with England. Regulations are drawn up with that severity and strictness which characterize every proceeding dictated under the influence of the Emperor Napoleon in matters relative to the British commerce. The design of the Emperor is to exclude England entirely from the continent of Europe; and no choice appears to be left her but to fight; him with his own weapons, and destroy at once every vestige of a system of neutrality, and this it is understood is the determination of the English government.
We collect from our London and Bristol papers that the Dutch government have interdicted all intercourse with England. Regulations are drawn up with that severity and strictness which characterize every proceeding dictated under the influence of the Emperor Napoleon in matters relative to the British commerce. The design of the Emperor is to exclude England entirely from the continent of Europe; and no choice appears to be left her but to fight; him with his own weapons, and destroy at once every vestige of a system of neutrality, and this it is understood is the determination of the English government.
"We are informed," says the Star of the 28th, "and we believe our information is correct, that our government has resolved to retaliate on France by a proclamation, exactly on the model of the French decree of blockade. Not only the coasts of France and Italy, but of every European state under the influence and control of Napoleon, will be declared in a state of blockade, and all vessels going to or coming from any of them, will be declared legal prizes.
"We are informed," says the Star of the 28th, "and we believe our information is correct, that our government has resolved to retaliate on France by a proclamation, exactly on the model of the French decree of blockade. Not only the coasts of France and Italy, but of every European state under the influence and control of Napoleon, will be declared in a state of blockade, and all vessels going to or coming from any of them, will be declared legal prizes.
"This will settle at once the clamours of the Americans respecting their right to trade with the French colonies—carrying or pretending to carry their produce to an American port, and afterwards re-ship the same for Bordeaux and other French ports."
"This will settle at once the clamours of the Americans respecting their right to trade with the French colonies—carrying or pretending to carry their produce to an American port, and afterwards re-ship the same for Bordeaux and other French ports."
"We understand that the definitive answer given by Ministers to Mr. Monroe (who has not yet taken his departure,) was exactly conformable to the principles that are to be adopted. Mr. Monroe, it seems, was instructed to declare, that should the British government refuse to concede the points demanded by America, the Non-Importation Act would immediately be enforced. The reply was, "I am commanded by his Majesty to inform you, that the issue of such an order by the American Government will be considered and held as a declaration of war."
"We understand that the definitive answer given by Ministers to Mr. Monroe (who has not yet taken his departure,) was exactly conformable to the principles that are to be adopted. Mr. Monroe, it seems, was instructed to declare, that should the British government refuse to concede the points demanded by America, the Non-Importation Act would immediately be enforced. The reply was, "I am commanded by his Majesty to inform you, that the issue of such an order by the American Government will be considered and held as a declaration of war."
"On the points respecting the right of search, Mr. Monroe was informed, that this country will maintain its rights not only repeating goods but seamen—not even excepting American ships of war."
"On the points respecting the right of search, Mr. Monroe was informed, that this country will maintain its rights not only repeating goods but seamen—not even excepting American ships of war."
"It appears that by the occupation of Zealand, the British forces have anticipated the measures of Bonaparte, with respect to that island. The Kniphausen ship Minerva , Kehler master, has arrived at Sheerness from Bordeaux, from whence she failed 12 days since. The captain reports, that the inhabitants there had no idea of the surrender of Copenhagen and the Danish fleet, to the British, but it was currently reported, that 80,000 French troops were gone to Portugal, & that Bonaparte himself had proceeded with 120,000 troops to Holtenau, to endeavour to get possession of the island of Zealand. Captain Kehler also lays, that there are near 200 sail of Danes now lying at Bordeaux."
"It appears that by the occupation of Zealand, the British forces have anticipated the measures of Bonaparte, with respect to that island. The Kniphausen ship Minerva , Kehler master, has arrived at Sheerness from Bordeaux, from whence she failed 12 days since. The captain reports, that the inhabitants there had no idea of the surrender of Copenhagen and the Danish fleet, to the British, but it was currently reported, that 80,000 French troops were gone to Portugal, & that Bonaparte himself had proceeded with 120,000 troops to Holtenau, to endeavour to get possession of the island of Zealand. Captain Kehler also lays, that there are near 200 sail of Danes now lying at Bordeaux."
"The last Lisbon mail brought intelligence of the intention of the Portuguese government to emigrate to the Brazils. It is reported that an application has been made to government to assist them in executing their plan."
"The last Lisbon mail brought intelligence of the intention of the Portuguese government to emigrate to the Brazils. It is reported that an application has been made to government to assist them in executing their plan."
"All accounts concur in stating that France is preparing a large force for the invasion of Portugal; and on the face of it, appears probable, that, without the assistance of a British force, it would be impossible to effect the plan of emigration that is talked of—but whether government have come to any resolution on the subject we have not the means of knowing. Could the measures be properly carried into effect, there is every probability that it would open new commercial channels which might ultimately prove highly beneficial; but there are many difficulties in the way, that we should be little surprised were the attempt entirely to fail."
"All accounts concur in stating that France is preparing a large force for the invasion of Portugal; and on the face of it, appears probable, that, without the assistance of a British force, it would be impossible to effect the plan of emigration that is talked of—but whether government have come to any resolution on the subject we have not the means of knowing. Could the measures be properly carried into effect, there is every probability that it would open new commercial channels which might ultimately prove highly beneficial; but there are many difficulties in the way, that we should be little surprised were the attempt entirely to fail."
Gen. Wintlebeck is to be tried by a court-martial for the surrender of Buenos Ayres . He was on his passage to England in the Maida frigate.
Gen. Wintlebeck is to be tried by a court-martial for the surrender of Buenos Ayres . He was on his passage to England in the Maida frigate.
Accounts from Egypt represent the Arabs as extremely friendly to the British, and the Mamelukes had explicitly offered to join in expelling the Turks from that country.
Accounts from Egypt represent the Arabs as extremely friendly to the British, and the Mamelukes had explicitly offered to join in expelling the Turks from that country.
Copenhagen has surrendered to its invaders on the 7th of September. The articles of capitulation surrender the whole of the Danish ships and vessels of war of every description, and the possession of the dockyards and storehouses, to the forces of his Britannic majesty; within six weeks from the date of the capitulation, or sooner if possible, the citadel of Copenhagen and the island of Zealand were to be evacuated; and the prisoners taken on both sides to be unconditionally restored. The loss of the Dames in killed and wounded, it is said, exceed 6000 persons; the prisoners, at the time of the surrender of the city, amounted to 3000; and the number of the houses destroyed, 250.
Copenhagen has surrendered to its invaders on the 7th of September. The articles of capitulation surrender the whole of the Danish ships and vessels of war of every description, and the possession of the dockyards and storehouses, to the forces of his Britannic majesty; within six weeks from the date of the capitulation, or sooner if possible, the citadel of Copenhagen and the island of Zealand were to be evacuated; and the prisoners taken on both sides to be unconditionally restored. The loss of the Dames in killed and wounded, it is said, exceed 6000 persons; the prisoners, at the time of the surrender of the city, amounted to 3000; and the number of the houses destroyed, 250.
The Dey of Algiers has ceded the Coral fishery on the coast of Barbary to the English. It was supposed the French meditated an immediate attack upon Sicily.
The Dey of Algiers has ceded the Coral fishery on the coast of Barbary to the English. It was supposed the French meditated an immediate attack upon Sicily.
Price of Stocks, Sept. 28th, Consols. 62 3/4, Omnium par to 1-4 prem. Several articles of minor consequence, which we find in our file of papers by the Saucony , will be detailed hereafter.
Price of Stocks, Sept. 28th, Consols. 62 3/4, Omnium par to 1-4 prem. Several articles of minor consequence, which we find in our file of papers by the Saucony , will be detailed hereafter.
HARDWARE, IRONMONGERY, CUTLERY, AND CUTLERY STORE, BREAM & FOLETT, AT THE SIGN OF THE ANVIL, MAIN-STREET, RICHMOND.
HARDWARE, IRONMONGERY, CUTLERY, AND CUTLERY STORE, BREAM & FOLETT, AT THE SIGN OF THE ANVIL, MAIN-STREET, RICHMOND.
Have received by the latest arrivals from London and Liverpool, a very large and general assortment of HARDWARE, IRONMONGERY, CUTLERY, &c. which will be sold low for cash, or on a short credit: amongst which are: Cutlers, Joiners, Coopers, Sheetmakers and other mechanical tools; Steel Iron, Steel Copper, and Copper bottoms, Tin plates, Iron, Brass and Copper Wire, building materials, Nails, Tacks, Brads, Locks and Hinges, house bells, Cabinet Mountings, Surveyors Compasses, Chains & Cables of Mathematical instruments, Gun Locks, gun Shot, bar and sheet Lead, Pans and Kettles, bake Pans, Tea Kettles, Chafing Dishes, Block Tins Coffee Pots, Britannia metal Tea Pots, table and tea Spoons, Knives and Forks, pewter Dishes, Plates and Bafins, block Tin Dish Covers, Plate Warmers, Plate Baskets, Tea Kettles with lamps and cocks, Candlesticks and Snuffers, Fire Irons, And-Irons, Grid-Irons, Coal Smoothing-Irons, Warms, Patent Lamps, Horn Lanterns, Small Hand Lanterns, Clock Pins, Curtain Holders, Brads Nails, File Hooks, Jews Parps, Brass Cocks, Knitting Needles, Bartlett's old patent Needles, Ivory and Horn Combs, Curry Combs, Button Moulds, Japan'd Ware, Scissors, pen and jack Knives, Razors and Razor Strops, Shaving Box, Steel, Spades and Cules, Coffee Mills, Corn Mills, Scale Beams and weights, money Scales, Steelyards, Cock Screws, Mill, Crosscut and Pit Saws, Jack Screws, German Steel, weeding and Garden Hoes, Garden Rakes, Scythes and Sickles, Straw Knives, Grind Stones and Marbles, with a great variety of other articles in the above line, too tedious to enumerate. ALSO—
Have received by the latest arrivals from London and Liverpool, a very large and general assortment of HARDWARE, IRONMONGERY, CUTLERY, &c. which will be sold low for cash, or on a short credit: amongst which are: Cutlers, Joiners, Coopers, Sheetmakers and other mechanical tools; Steel Iron, Steel Copper, and Copper bottoms, Tin plates, Iron, Brass and Copper Wire, building materials, Nails, Tacks, Brads, Locks and Hinges, house bells, Cabinet Mountings, Surveyors Compasses, Chains & Cables of Mathematical instruments, Gun Locks, gun Shot, bar and sheet Lead, Pans and Kettles, bake Pans, Tea Kettles, Chafing Dishes, Block Tins Coffee Pots, Britannia metal Tea Pots, table and tea Spoons, Knives and Forks, pewter Dishes, Plates and Bafins, block Tin Dish Covers, Plate Warmers, Plate Baskets, Tea Kettles with lamps and cocks, Candlesticks and Snuffers, Fire Irons, And-Irons, Grid-Irons, Coal Smoothing-Irons, Warms, Patent Lamps, Horn Lanterns, Small Hand Lanterns, Clock Pins, Curtain Holders, Brads Nails, File Hooks, Jews Parps, Brass Cocks, Knitting Needles, Bartlett's old patent Needles, Ivory and Horn Combs, Curry Combs, Button Moulds, Japan'd Ware, Scissors, pen and jack Knives, Razors and Razor Strops, Shaving Box, Steel, Spades and Cules, Coffee Mills, Corn Mills, Scale Beams and weights, money Scales, Steelyards, Cock Screws, Mill, Crosscut and Pit Saws, Jack Screws, German Steel, weeding and Garden Hoes, Garden Rakes, Scythes and Sickles, Straw Knives, Grind Stones and Marbles, with a great variety of other articles in the above line, too tedious to enumerate. ALSO—
40 Kegs FF Gun Powder, a few Cannisters double battle Powder, Liver and Paint Oil, Paints and Purse, Glue, Window Glass, Glaziers Diamonds, belt Seine Twine, Wrapping Twine, patent Windsor Shaving Soap, Bolting Cloths, a few pieces low priced blue Cloths, and yellow and white Flannels, 15 Pipes 4th proof Cognac Brandy, a few Pipes bell New-York Anchor Gin, and a few boxes of Spanish Segars in boxes of 500 each, prime Pork, New-York inspection, and old Flint Corn. Nov. 17. eplnt
40 Kegs FF Gun Powder, a few Cannisters double battle Powder, Liver and Paint Oil, Paints and Purse, Glue, Window Glass, Glaziers Diamonds, belt Seine Twine, Wrapping Twine, patent Windsor Shaving Soap, Bolting Cloths, a few pieces low priced blue Cloths, and yellow and white Flannels, 15 Pipes 4th proof Cognac Brandy, a few Pipes bell New-York Anchor Gin, and a few boxes of Spanish Segars in boxes of 500 each, prime Pork, New-York inspection, and old Flint Corn. Nov. 17. eplnt
VIRGINIA.
VIRGINIA.
In the Chancery District Court held at Staunton, March term, 1807. Between, Samuel W. Barrett, and Wm. Hylton, senr. Wm. Hylton junr. Mrs. Sarah Campbell, George Lawrence, Luke Hylton, &c. Defts. On the motion of the Defendants by their Counsel, Wm. Hay of the City of Richmond, the matter in Chancery for the Richmond district, is hereby appointed a Commissioner, who is authorized and directed to examine, state and settle the accounts between the Plaintiff and the Defendants in this cause. The said Commissioner is required to state particularly the accounts between the Plaintiff and the Defendant, Wm. Hylton, from whom he purchased the Richmond Estate, to take an account of the Lands, Slaves and other property, which appertained to that estate, at the time when the Defendant Foulkes and Daniel L. Hylton, sold their interest therein, to the Defendant Wm. Hylton, and of the Land, slaves and other property, which now appertain thereto. And to take an account of the debts due, and chargeable upon that estate, to the said Defendants, Wm. Foulkes and Daniel L. Hylton, and of the debts which are yet due to any other persons, and were chargeable upon the said estate previously to the sale of the same to the Plaintiff. And the said Commissioner is directed to make report thereof to this court, together with any matters specially thought pertinent by himself, or required by the parties to be so stated. A Copy. True. HENRY J. PEYTON, C. C. e. COMMISSIONER'S OFFICE, RICHMOND, NOVEMBER 10, 1807. The parties concerned, are desired to take notice, that I have appointed Friday, the 8th day of January next, for carrying into effect the foregoing decree, upon which day, their attendance is required at my office with their papers and accounts, ready for examination and settlement. Wm. HAY, M. C. eplw
In the Chancery District Court held at Staunton, March term, 1807. Between, Samuel W. Barrett, and Wm. Hylton, senr. Wm. Hylton junr. Mrs. Sarah Campbell, George Lawrence, Luke Hylton, &c. Defts. On the motion of the Defendants by their Counsel, Wm. Hay of the City of Richmond, the matter in Chancery for the Richmond district, is hereby appointed a Commissioner, who is authorized and directed to examine, state and settle the accounts between the Plaintiff and the Defendants in this cause. The said Commissioner is required to state particularly the accounts between the Plaintiff and the Defendant, Wm. Hylton, from whom he purchased the Richmond Estate, to take an account of the Lands, Slaves and other property, which appertained to that estate, at the time when the Defendant Foulkes and Daniel L. Hylton, sold their interest therein, to the Defendant Wm. Hylton, and of the Land, slaves and other property, which now appertain thereto. And to take an account of the debts due, and chargeable upon that estate, to the said Defendants, Wm. Foulkes and Daniel L. Hylton, and of the debts which are yet due to any other persons, and were chargeable upon the said estate previously to the sale of the same to the Plaintiff. And the said Commissioner is directed to make report thereof to this court, together with any matters specially thought pertinent by himself, or required by the parties to be so stated. A Copy. True. HENRY J. PEYTON, C. C. e. COMMISSIONER'S OFFICE, RICHMOND, NOVEMBER 10, 1807. The parties concerned, are desired to take notice, that I have appointed Friday, the 8th day of January next, for carrying into effect the foregoing decree, upon which day, their attendance is required at my office with their papers and accounts, ready for examination and settlement. Wm. HAY, M. C. eplw
In pursuance of a decree in Chancery, made by the Court of the U States for the 5th circuit, in the district of Virginia, at the Nov. term, in the year 1808, we shall expose to Public Auction, at the time and place hereinafter mentioned: TWO TRACTS, in the county of Goochland, one on Beaver Dam Creek, containing 6 hundred acres; and the other called Little Island, containing 10 acres, at Goochland court house, on the court day thereof, on the 3rd Monday in January, 1808. The dower of the widow of Wm. Ronald, will be first deducted, and the conditions, on which the said land are, directed under the said decree, will appear therein and will be communicated on the day of sale. The terms of payment will be as follows: one fourth of the purchase money to be paid in cash, and the remaining three fourths in three equal instalments of six, twelve and eighteen months credit. In all other respects the aforesaid decree will be purified. Wm. BERKELEY, JOSIAH ELLIS, WM. MANN, Commissioners. Nov. 15. eplw 2m.
In pursuance of a decree in Chancery, made by the Court of the U States for the 5th circuit, in the district of Virginia, at the Nov. term, in the year 1808, we shall expose to Public Auction, at the time and place hereinafter mentioned: TWO TRACTS, in the county of Goochland, one on Beaver Dam Creek, containing 6 hundred acres; and the other called Little Island, containing 10 acres, at Goochland court house, on the court day thereof, on the 3rd Monday in January, 1808. The dower of the widow of Wm. Ronald, will be first deducted, and the conditions, on which the said land are, directed under the said decree, will appear therein and will be communicated on the day of sale. The terms of payment will be as follows: one fourth of the purchase money to be paid in cash, and the remaining three fourths in three equal instalments of six, twelve and eighteen months credit. In all other respects the aforesaid decree will be purified. Wm. BERKELEY, JOSIAH ELLIS, WM. MANN, Commissioners. Nov. 15. eplw 2m.
AN INTERESTING SUBJECT.
AN INTERESTING SUBJECT.
[Our Schools, for the most part, pay not the smallest attention to the formation of the body, for it is no part of their plan. But, that it is not a part of their plan, is an unpareable fault; it is a bad sign that no person can discover the idea of bodily improvement, in the compound idea expressed by the word School.] Salsavan. THE Subscriber having detached his personal attention from every other pursuit, in order to carry into effect an interesting plan of education, in which he is individually concerned, will on the 18th instant, open his SCHOOL for the reception of male pupils from five to twelve years of age. The establishment of habitual, robust health, and the development of the perfect growth, strength and activity of the body, by proper exercise, will obtain the same attention as the cultivation of the head and heart; and parents, who, in propounding to give their children a liberal education, desire to render them virtuous and healthy, as well as enlightened, are invited to enquire into the nature and merit of the subject here arranged. The pupils will be boarded at £6 per quarter, with a credit of twelve months, or a discount of 25 per cent. for cash. The tuition will be as usual, £3 per quarter, payable in advance. More detailed information may be had on application by letter, or otherwise, to L. ANDERSON, F. M. Williamburg. Nov. 17. saw 16th Dec.
[Our Schools, for the most part, pay not the smallest attention to the formation of the body, for it is no part of their plan. But, that it is not a part of their plan, is an unpareable fault; it is a bad sign that no person can discover the idea of bodily improvement, in the compound idea expressed by the word School.] Salsavan. THE Subscriber having detached his personal attention from every other pursuit, in order to carry into effect an interesting plan of education, in which he is individually concerned, will on the 18th instant, open his SCHOOL for the reception of male pupils from five to twelve years of age. The establishment of habitual, robust health, and the development of the perfect growth, strength and activity of the body, by proper exercise, will obtain the same attention as the cultivation of the head and heart; and parents, who, in propounding to give their children a liberal education, desire to render them virtuous and healthy, as well as enlightened, are invited to enquire into the nature and merit of the subject here arranged. The pupils will be boarded at £6 per quarter, with a credit of twelve months, or a discount of 25 per cent. for cash. The tuition will be as usual, £3 per quarter, payable in advance. More detailed information may be had on application by letter, or otherwise, to L. ANDERSON, F. M. Williamburg. Nov. 17. saw 16th Dec.
HITZWYLYSONN & POTTER.
HITZWYLYSONN & POTTER.
Hose on hand, an extensive assortment of BLANK BOOKS, Stationery, School Books, Music and Musical instruments, Spectacles, Pen-Knives, travelling Trunks, &c. Book-Binding in all its branches executed in the best manner. Nov. 17. eplAD
Hose on hand, an extensive assortment of BLANK BOOKS, Stationery, School Books, Music and Musical instruments, Spectacles, Pen-Knives, travelling Trunks, &c. Book-Binding in all its branches executed in the best manner. Nov. 17. eplAD
THE LECTURES ON LAW,
THE LECTURES ON LAW,
will commence in the College of William & Mary, on the 30th of Nov. Nov. 17. 17
will commence in the College of William & Mary, on the 30th of Nov. Nov. 17. 17

REPORT
REPORT
OF THE SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY OF THE UNITED STATES, COMMUNICATED TO CONGRESS, November 6, 1807.
OF THE SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY OF THE UNITED STATES, COMMUNICATED TO CONGRESS, November 6, 1807.
IN obedience to the directions of the act supplementary to the act intitled "An act to establish the Treasury Department," the Secretary of the Treasury respectfully submits the following Report and Estimates.
IN obedience to the directions of the act supplementary to the act intitled "An act to establish the Treasury Department," the Secretary of the Treasury respectfully submits the following Report and Estimates.
REVENUE & RECEIPTS.
REVENUE & RECEIPTS.
The net revenue arising from duties on merchandise and tonnage which accrued during the year 1805, amounted to 17,135,138 dollars, 16,576,454 cents.
The net revenue arising from duties on merchandise and tonnage which accrued during the year 1805, amounted to 17,135,138 dollars, 16,576,454 cents.
And that which accrued during the year 1806, amounted, as will appear by the statement (A.) to 12,520,539 dollars, 14,809,728 cents.
And that which accrued during the year 1806, amounted, as will appear by the statement (A.) to 12,520,539 dollars, 14,809,728 cents.
It is ascertained that the net revenue which has accrued during the three first quarters of the year 1807, exceeds that of the corresponding quarters of the year 1806; and that branch of the revenue may, exclusively of the duty on salt, and of the Mediterranean fund, both of which expire on the 1st day of January next, be safely estimated for the present, and if no change takes place in the relations of the U. States with foreign nations, at fourteen millions of dollars.
It is ascertained that the net revenue which has accrued during the three first quarters of the year 1807, exceeds that of the corresponding quarters of the year 1806; and that branch of the revenue may, exclusively of the duty on salt, and of the Mediterranean fund, both of which expire on the 1st day of January next, be safely estimated for the present, and if no change takes place in the relations of the U. States with foreign nations, at fourteen millions of dollars.
The statement (B.) exhibits in detail, the several species of merchandise and other sources, from which the revenue was collected during the year 1806.
The statement (B.) exhibits in detail, the several species of merchandise and other sources, from which the revenue was collected during the year 1806.
It appears by the statement (C.) that the sales of public lands have, during the year ending on the 30th September, 1807, exceeded 284,000 acres. Some returns are not yet received; and the proceeds of sales in the Mississippi Territory being, after deducting the surveying and other incidental expenses, appropriated in the first place to the payment of a sum of 1,260,000 dollars to the state of Georgia, have not been included, but are distinctly stated.
It appears by the statement (C.) that the sales of public lands have, during the year ending on the 30th September, 1807, exceeded 284,000 acres. Some returns are not yet received; and the proceeds of sales in the Mississippi Territory being, after deducting the surveying and other incidental expenses, appropriated in the first place to the payment of a sum of 1,260,000 dollars to the state of Georgia, have not been included, but are distinctly stated.
The receipts arising from the permanent revenue of the United States may, therefore, without including the duties on postage and other incidental branches, be computed for the year 1808, at 14,500,000 dollars.
The receipts arising from the permanent revenue of the United States may, therefore, without including the duties on postage and other incidental branches, be computed for the year 1808, at 14,500,000 dollars.
And the payments into the treasury during the same year, on account of the salt and Mediterranean duties previously accrued, are estimated at one million three hundred thousand dollars 1,300,000 dollars.
And the payments into the treasury during the same year, on account of the salt and Mediterranean duties previously accrued, are estimated at one million three hundred thousand dollars 1,300,000 dollars.
Making in the whole an aggregate of fifteen million eight hundred thousand dollars, 15,800,000 dollars.
Making in the whole an aggregate of fifteen million eight hundred thousand dollars, 15,800,000 dollars.
LAST QUARTER OF THE YEAR 1807.
LAST QUARTER OF THE YEAR 1807.
The balance in the treasury which, on the 30th day of September, 1806, amounted to 5,498,969 dollars, 77 cents, did on the 30th day of September, 1807, amount to 8,320,600 dollars, 4,000,000 cents.
The balance in the treasury which, on the 30th day of September, 1806, amounted to 5,498,969 dollars, 77 cents, did on the 30th day of September, 1807, amount to 8,320,600 dollars, 4,000,000 cents.
The receipts into the treasury from the 1st of October to the 31st day of December, 1807, are estimated at 12,530,000 dollars, 1,700,000 cents.
The receipts into the treasury from the 1st of October to the 31st day of December, 1807, are estimated at 12,530,000 dollars, 1,700,000 cents.
The expenses during the same period for all objects whatever, the public debt excepted, and including 686,073 dollars for the extraordinary expenditures of the Navy Department, of which the estimate has been transmitted, are estimated at 1,700,000 dollars, 1,700,000 cents.
The expenses during the same period for all objects whatever, the public debt excepted, and including 686,073 dollars for the extraordinary expenditures of the Navy Department, of which the estimate has been transmitted, are estimated at 1,700,000 dollars, 1,700,000 cents.
The ordinary payments on account of the public debt, including the provision for the interest on the Louisiana and Dutch debt, to the 1st of July, 1808, are estimated at 1,700,000 dollars, 1,700,000 cents.
The ordinary payments on account of the public debt, including the provision for the interest on the Louisiana and Dutch debt, to the 1st of July, 1808, are estimated at 1,700,000 dollars, 1,700,000 cents.
A further sum of about 1,500,000 dollars should also be paid during this quarter, in order to complete the annual appropriation of eight millions of dollars. If the whole of this sum, which is applicable to the purchase of the eight per cent. stock, cannot be expended this year, the unexpended balance will form an additional expenditure for the year 1808, charging however the whole to this quarter. 1,500,000 dollars, 1,500,000 cents.
A further sum of about 1,500,000 dollars should also be paid during this quarter, in order to complete the annual appropriation of eight millions of dollars. If the whole of this sum, which is applicable to the purchase of the eight per cent. stock, cannot be expended this year, the unexpended balance will form an additional expenditure for the year 1808, charging however the whole to this quarter. 1,500,000 dollars, 1,500,000 cents.
Making an aggregate of 4,500,000 dollars, and will leave in the Treasury at the close of the year a balance of about seven millions six hundred thousand dollars, 7,630,000 dollars, 12,680,000 cents.
Making an aggregate of 4,500,000 dollars, and will leave in the Treasury at the close of the year a balance of about seven millions six hundred thousand dollars, 7,630,000 dollars, 12,680,000 cents.
EXPENDITURES OF THE YEAR 1808.
EXPENDITURES OF THE YEAR 1808.
The permanent expenses calculated on a peace establishment are estimated at 11,600,000 dollars, and consist of the following items, viz.
The permanent expenses calculated on a peace establishment are estimated at 11,600,000 dollars, and consist of the following items, viz.
1. For the civil department, & all domestic expenses of a civil nature, including invalid pensions, the light-house and mint establishments, the expenses of surveying public lands and the sea coast, the fifth installment of the loan due to Maryland, and a sum of 100,000 to meet such miscellaneous appropriations, not included in the estimates, as may be made by Congress, 1,100,000 dollars, 1,100,000 cents.
1. For the civil department, & all domestic expenses of a civil nature, including invalid pensions, the light-house and mint establishments, the expenses of surveying public lands and the sea coast, the fifth installment of the loan due to Maryland, and a sum of 100,000 to meet such miscellaneous appropriations, not included in the estimates, as may be made by Congress, 1,100,000 dollars, 1,100,000 cents.
2. For expenses incident to the intercourse with foreign nations, including the permanent appropriation for Algerines, 200,000 dollars, 200,000 cents.
2. For expenses incident to the intercourse with foreign nations, including the permanent appropriation for Algerines, 200,000 dollars, 200,000 cents.
3. For the military and Indian department, including trading houses, and the permanent appropriation for certain Indian tribes, 1,950,000 dollars, 1,950,000 cents.
3. For the military and Indian department, including trading houses, and the permanent appropriation for certain Indian tribes, 1,950,000 dollars, 1,950,000 cents.
4. For the naval establishment, 1,020,000 dollars, 1,020,000 cents.
4. For the naval establishment, 1,020,000 dollars, 1,020,000 cents.
5. The annual appropriation of eight millions of dollars for the payment of the principal and interest of the public debt; of which sum not more than 3,400,000 dollars will for the year 1808 be applicable to the payment of interest, 8,600,000 dollars, 8,600,000 cents.
5. The annual appropriation of eight millions of dollars for the payment of the principal and interest of the public debt; of which sum not more than 3,400,000 dollars will for the year 1808 be applicable to the payment of interest, 8,600,000 dollars, 8,600,000 cents.
To the permanent expenses must be added for the year 1808, a sum of about 800,000 dollars, necessary in addition to the annual appropriation of eight millions of dollars, to complete on the 1st January, 1809, the reimbursement of the eight per cent. stock, 800,000 dollars, 800,000 cents.
To the permanent expenses must be added for the year 1808, a sum of about 800,000 dollars, necessary in addition to the annual appropriation of eight millions of dollars, to complete on the 1st January, 1809, the reimbursement of the eight per cent. stock, 800,000 dollars, 800,000 cents.
And for paying the balance of American claims, assumed by the French convention, 200,000 dollars, 200,000 cents.
And for paying the balance of American claims, assumed by the French convention, 200,000 dollars, 200,000 cents.
Making altogether 12,600,000 dollars for the expenses of that year, 12,600,000 dollars, 12,600,000 cents.
Making altogether 12,600,000 dollars for the expenses of that year, 12,600,000 dollars, 12,600,000 cents.
The receipts of that year having been estimated at 15,800,000 dollars, 15,800,000 cents.
The receipts of that year having been estimated at 15,800,000 dollars, 15,800,000 cents.
And the probable balance in the Treasury on the 1st of January next, at 7,630,000 dollars, 7,630,000 cents.
And the probable balance in the Treasury on the 1st of January next, at 7,630,000 dollars, 7,630,000 cents.
Making altogether 23,430,000 dollars, 23,430,000 cents.
Making altogether 23,430,000 dollars, 23,430,000 cents.
Would therefore probably leave in the Treasury on the first of January, 1809, a balance of near eleven millions of dollars, 10,830,000 dollars, 10,830,000 cents.
Would therefore probably leave in the Treasury on the first of January, 1809, a balance of near eleven millions of dollars, 10,830,000 dollars, 10,830,000 cents.
PUBLIC DEBT.
PUBLIC DEBT.
It appears by the statement (D.) that the payments on account of the principal of the public debt, have, during the year ending the 30th day of September, 1807, exceeded 4,600,000 dollars; making the total of public debt reimbursed from the 1st of April, 1801, to the 1st of October, 1807, about 25,380,000 dollars, exclusively of more than six millions, which have been paid during the same period, in conformity with the provisions of the treaty and convention with Great-Britain, and of the Louisiana convention.
It appears by the statement (D.) that the payments on account of the principal of the public debt, have, during the year ending the 30th day of September, 1807, exceeded 4,600,000 dollars; making the total of public debt reimbursed from the 1st of April, 1801, to the 1st of October, 1807, about 25,380,000 dollars, exclusively of more than six millions, which have been paid during the same period, in conformity with the provisions of the treaty and convention with Great-Britain, and of the Louisiana convention.
Of the twelve millions of dollars, which, according to the preceding estimates, may be paid on account of the public debt, between the 30th September, 1807, and the 1st January, 1808, about eight millions will be on account of the principal. It must, however, be observed, that the uncertain result of the proposition made to the public creditors for the modification of the debt, may affect the amount payable during the year 1808, on account of both principal and interest.
Of the twelve millions of dollars, which, according to the preceding estimates, may be paid on account of the public debt, between the 30th September, 1807, and the 1st January, 1808, about eight millions will be on account of the principal. It must, however, be observed, that the uncertain result of the proposition made to the public creditors for the modification of the debt, may affect the amount payable during the year 1808, on account of both principal and interest.
On the 13th of January, 1808, the principal of the debt will, if the proposed modification be not assented to by the public creditors, amount to near fifty-seven millions and five hundred thousand dollars. The subsequent annual payments thereon, on account of principal and interest, will not, exclusively of occasional purchases, exceed 4,000,000 dollars. And the whole of the debt, the nineteen millions of three per cent. stock only excepted, will be reimbursed in sixteen years.
On the 13th of January, 1808, the principal of the debt will, if the proposed modification be not assented to by the public creditors, amount to near fifty-seven millions and five hundred thousand dollars. The subsequent annual payments thereon, on account of principal and interest, will not, exclusively of occasional purchases, exceed 4,000,000 dollars. And the whole of the debt, the nineteen millions of three per cent. stock only excepted, will be reimbursed in sixteen years.
A general subscription would reduce the capital to about fifty-one millions of dollars. The payments would amount to eight millions of dollars annually, during six years; and average less than three millions during the seven following; at the end of which period the whole debt would be extinguished.
A general subscription would reduce the capital to about fifty-one millions of dollars. The payments would amount to eight millions of dollars annually, during six years; and average less than three millions during the seven following; at the end of which period the whole debt would be extinguished.
An annual unappropriated surplus of at least three millions of dollars, may henceforth be relied upon with great confidence. The receipts of the year 1808 have been estimated at 15,800,000 dollars, and the expenses at 12,600,000 dollars. The permanent revenue has been computed at 14,500,000 dollars, and the permanent expenses, predicated on an annual payment of eight millions of dollars on account of the debt, have been stated at 11,600,000 dollars; and as this would, if no modification of the debt should take place, be reduced to less than 8,500,000, the annual surplus would, then amount to six millions of dollars. Not are the seven millions and a half of dollars, which will remain in the treasury at the end of the present year, included in the calculation.
An annual unappropriated surplus of at least three millions of dollars, may henceforth be relied upon with great confidence. The receipts of the year 1808 have been estimated at 15,800,000 dollars, and the expenses at 12,600,000 dollars. The permanent revenue has been computed at 14,500,000 dollars, and the permanent expenses, predicated on an annual payment of eight millions of dollars on account of the debt, have been stated at 11,600,000 dollars; and as this would, if no modification of the debt should take place, be reduced to less than 8,500,000, the annual surplus would, then amount to six millions of dollars. Not are the seven millions and a half of dollars, which will remain in the treasury at the end of the present year, included in the calculation.
What portion of that surplus may be wanted for necessary measures of security and defence; what portion should be applied to internal improvements, which, whilst increasing and diffusing the national wealth, will strengthen the bonds of union, are subjects which do not fall within the province of the Treasury Department; but it is not impossible, that after making ample provision for both those objects, considerable surpluses, and which can no longer be applied to the redemption of the debt, may still accumulate in the Treasury.
What portion of that surplus may be wanted for necessary measures of security and defence; what portion should be applied to internal improvements, which, whilst increasing and diffusing the national wealth, will strengthen the bonds of union, are subjects which do not fall within the province of the Treasury Department; but it is not impossible, that after making ample provision for both those objects, considerable surpluses, and which can no longer be applied to the redemption of the debt, may still accumulate in the Treasury.
The previous accumulation of treasure in time of peace might, in a great degree, defray the extraordinary expenses of war, and diminish the necessity of either loans or additional taxes. It would provide during periods of prosperity, for those adverse events to which every nation is exposed, instead of increasing the burdens of the people at a time when they are least able to bear them, or of impairing by anticipations the resources of ensuing generations; and the public monies of the U. States not being locked up and withdrawn from the general circulation, but on the contrary deposited in banks, and continuing to form a part of the circulating medium, the most formidable objection to that system, which has nevertheless been at times adopted with considerable success in other countries, is thereby altogether removed.
The previous accumulation of treasure in time of peace might, in a great degree, defray the extraordinary expenses of war, and diminish the necessity of either loans or additional taxes. It would provide during periods of prosperity, for those adverse events to which every nation is exposed, instead of increasing the burdens of the people at a time when they are least able to bear them, or of impairing by anticipations the resources of ensuing generations; and the public monies of the U. States not being locked up and withdrawn from the general circulation, but on the contrary deposited in banks, and continuing to form a part of the circulating medium, the most formidable objection to that system, which has nevertheless been at times adopted with considerable success in other countries, is thereby altogether removed.
It is also believed that the renewal of the charter of the Bank of the U. States may, among other advantages, afford to government an opportunity of obtaining interest on the public deposits, whenever they shall exceed a certain amount.
It is also believed that the renewal of the charter of the Bank of the U. States may, among other advantages, afford to government an opportunity of obtaining interest on the public deposits, whenever they shall exceed a certain amount.
Should the U. States, contrary to their expectation and desire, be involved in a war, it is believed that the receipts of the year 1808 will not be materially affected by the event, inasmuch as they will principally arise from the revenue accrued during the present year. The amount of outstanding bonds due by importers after deducting the debentures issued on account of re-exportations, exceeds, at this time, fifteen millions of dollars. The deductions to be made from these on account of subsequent re-exportations, would, in case of war, be less than usual; for exportations will then be checked, as well as importations, and in proportion as these will decrease, a greater home demand will be created for the stock on hand, and the necessity of re-exporting be diminished.
Should the U. States, contrary to their expectation and desire, be involved in a war, it is believed that the receipts of the year 1808 will not be materially affected by the event, inasmuch as they will principally arise from the revenue accrued during the present year. The amount of outstanding bonds due by importers after deducting the debentures issued on account of re-exportations, exceeds, at this time, fifteen millions of dollars. The deductions to be made from these on account of subsequent re-exportations, would, in case of war, be less than usual; for exportations will then be checked, as well as importations, and in proportion as these will decrease, a greater home demand will be created for the stock on hand, and the necessity of re-exporting be diminished.
It has already been stated, that the specie in the Treasury at the end of this year, together with the surplus of the year 1806, will amount to near eleven millions of dollars—a sum probably adequate to meet the extraordinary expenses of the war for that year. It will also be recollected, that in the estimated expenses of the year 1808, the reimbursement of near five millions and a half of the principal of the debt is included. The only provision therefore which may render any contingency necessary for the extraordinary service of that year, in order to cover any deficiency of revenue or increase of expenditure beyond what has been estimated, will be an authority to borrow a sum equal to that reimbursement.
It has already been stated, that the specie in the Treasury at the end of this year, together with the surplus of the year 1806, will amount to near eleven millions of dollars—a sum probably adequate to meet the extraordinary expenses of the war for that year. It will also be recollected, that in the estimated expenses of the year 1808, the reimbursement of near five millions and a half of the principal of the debt is included. The only provision therefore which may render any contingency necessary for the extraordinary service of that year, in order to cover any deficiency of revenue or increase of expenditure beyond what has been estimated, will be an authority to borrow a sum equal to that reimbursement.
That the revenue of the U. S. will, in subsequent years, be considerably impaired by a war, neither can nor ought to be concealed. It is on the contrary, necessary, in order to be prepared for the crisis, to take an early view of the subject, and to examine the resources which should be selected for supplying the deficiency, and defraying the extraordinary expenses.
That the revenue of the U. S. will, in subsequent years, be considerably impaired by a war, neither can nor ought to be concealed. It is on the contrary, necessary, in order to be prepared for the crisis, to take an early view of the subject, and to examine the resources which should be selected for supplying the deficiency, and defraying the extraordinary expenses.
There are no day from which the extent of the defalcation can, at this moment, be calculated, or even estimated. It will be sufficient to state, 1st. That it appears necessary to provide a revenue at least equal to the annual expenses on a peace establishment, in order to the existing debt, & the interest on the loans which may be raised. 2d. That those expenses, together with the interest of the debt, will, after the year 1808, amount to a sum less than seven millions of dollars, and therefore, that if the present revenue of 14,500,000 dollars, shall not be diminished more than one half by the war, it will still be adequate to the object, leaving only the interest of war loans to be provided for.
There are no day from which the extent of the defalcation can, at this moment, be calculated, or even estimated. It will be sufficient to state, 1st. That it appears necessary to provide a revenue at least equal to the annual expenses on a peace establishment, in order to the existing debt, & the interest on the loans which may be raised. 2d. That those expenses, together with the interest of the debt, will, after the year 1808, amount to a sum less than seven millions of dollars, and therefore, that if the present revenue of 14,500,000 dollars, shall not be diminished more than one half by the war, it will still be adequate to the object, leaving only the interest of war loans to be provided for.
Whether taxes should be raised to a greater amount, or loans be altogether relied on for defraying the expenses of a war, is the next subject of consideration.
Whether taxes should be raised to a greater amount, or loans be altogether relied on for defraying the expenses of a war, is the next subject of consideration.
Taxes are paid by the great mass of the citizens, and immediately affect almost every individual of the community. Loans are supplied by capitals previously accumulated by a few individuals. In a country where the resources of individuals are not generally and materially affected by the war, it is practicable and wise to raise by taxes the greater part at least of the annual supplies. The credit of the nation may also, from various circumstances, be at times so impaired as to leave no resource but taxation. In both respects, the situation of the U. States is totally different.
Taxes are paid by the great mass of the citizens, and immediately affect almost every individual of the community. Loans are supplied by capitals previously accumulated by a few individuals. In a country where the resources of individuals are not generally and materially affected by the war, it is practicable and wise to raise by taxes the greater part at least of the annual supplies. The credit of the nation may also, from various circumstances, be at times so impaired as to leave no resource but taxation. In both respects, the situation of the U. States is totally different.
A maritime war will, in the U. States, generally and deeply affect, whilst it continues, the resources of individuals, as not only commercial profits will be curtailed, but principally because a great portion of the surplus of agricultural produce necessarily requires a foreign market. The reduced price of the principal articles exported from the U. States will operate more heavily than any contemplated tax. And without enquiring whether a similar effect may not fall more deeply & permanently on a nation at war with the U. S. it seems to follow, that so far as relates to America,
A maritime war will, in the U. States, generally and deeply affect, whilst it continues, the resources of individuals, as not only commercial profits will be curtailed, but principally because a great portion of the surplus of agricultural produce necessarily requires a foreign market. The reduced price of the principal articles exported from the U. States will operate more heavily than any contemplated tax. And without enquiring whether a similar effect may not fall more deeply & permanently on a nation at war with the U. S. it seems to follow, that so far as relates to America,
the war and privations caused by the war cannot be aggravated by taxes beyond what is strictly necessary. An addition to the debt is double its evil; but experience having now shown with what rapid progress the revenue of the union increases in time of peace, with what facility the debt formerly contracted has, in a few years, been reduced, a hope may confidently be entertained, that all the evils of the war will be temporary and easily repaired, and that the return of peace will, without any effort, afford ample resources for reimbursing whatever may have been borrowed during the war.
the war and privations caused by the war cannot be aggravated by taxes beyond what is strictly necessary. An addition to the debt is double its evil; but experience having now shown with what rapid progress the revenue of the union increases in time of peace, with what facility the debt formerly contracted has, in a few years, been reduced, a hope may confidently be entertained, that all the evils of the war will be temporary and easily repaired, and that the return of peace will, without any effort, afford ample resources for reimbursing whatever may have been borrowed during the war.
The credit of the U. States is also unimpaired either either at home or abroad, and it is believed that loans to a reasonable amount may be obtained on eligible terms. Measures have been taken to ascertain to what extent this may be effected abroad; and it will be sufficient here to suggest, that the several banks of the U. States may find it convenient after the ensuing year, and as the diminished commerce of the country may require less capital, to loan to government a considerable portion of their capital stock, now composed at about forty millions of dollars.
The credit of the U. States is also unimpaired either either at home or abroad, and it is believed that loans to a reasonable amount may be obtained on eligible terms. Measures have been taken to ascertain to what extent this may be effected abroad; and it will be sufficient here to suggest, that the several banks of the U. States may find it convenient after the ensuing year, and as the diminished commerce of the country may require less capital, to loan to government a considerable portion of their capital stock, now composed at about forty millions of dollars.
It might be premature to enter into a particular detail of the several branches of revenue which may be selected, in order to provide for the interest of war loans, and to cover deficiencies in case the existing revenue should fall below seven millions of dollars. A general enumeration seems at present sufficient.
It might be premature to enter into a particular detail of the several branches of revenue which may be selected, in order to provide for the interest of war loans, and to cover deficiencies in case the existing revenue should fall below seven millions of dollars. A general enumeration seems at present sufficient.
1. Not only the duty on salt and the Mediterranean duties may be immediately revived; but the duties on importation generally may, in case of war, be considerably increased, perhaps doubled, with less inconvenience than would arise from any other mode of taxation. Without resorting to the example of other nations, experience has proven that this source of revenue is, in the U. States, the most productive, the easiest to collect, and the least burdensome to the great mass of the people.
1. Not only the duty on salt and the Mediterranean duties may be immediately revived; but the duties on importation generally may, in case of war, be considerably increased, perhaps doubled, with less inconvenience than would arise from any other mode of taxation. Without resorting to the example of other nations, experience has proven that this source of revenue is, in the U. States, the most productive, the easiest to collect, and the least burdensome to the great mass of the people.
In time of war the danger of smuggling is diminished, the facility of foreign articles prevents the duty ever falling on the importer; the consumers are precisely those members of the community who are best able to pay the duty; and the increase of Domestic Manufactures, which may be indirectly affected, is in itself a desirable object.
In time of war the danger of smuggling is diminished, the facility of foreign articles prevents the duty ever falling on the importer; the consumers are precisely those members of the community who are best able to pay the duty; and the increase of Domestic Manufactures, which may be indirectly affected, is in itself a desirable object.
2. Indirect taxes, however ineligible, will doubtless be cheerfully paid as War-Taxes, if necessary. Several modifications of the system formerly adopted, might however be introduced, both in order to diminish some of the inconveniences which were experienced, and particularly to ensure the collection of the duties.
2. Indirect taxes, however ineligible, will doubtless be cheerfully paid as War-Taxes, if necessary. Several modifications of the system formerly adopted, might however be introduced, both in order to diminish some of the inconveniences which were experienced, and particularly to ensure the collection of the duties.
3. Direct taxes are liable to a particular objection arising from the unavoidable inequality produced by the general rule of the constitution. Whatever difference may exist between the relative wealth and consequent ability of paying of the several states, still the tax must necessarily be raised in proportion to their relative population. Should it, however, become necessary to resort to that resource, it is believed that the tax raised upon that species of property in each state which, by the state laws, is liable to taxation, as had originally been contemplated by Congress, would be preferable to a general assessment laid uniformly on the same species of property in all the states, as was ultimately adopted.
3. Direct taxes are liable to a particular objection arising from the unavoidable inequality produced by the general rule of the constitution. Whatever difference may exist between the relative wealth and consequent ability of paying of the several states, still the tax must necessarily be raised in proportion to their relative population. Should it, however, become necessary to resort to that resource, it is believed that the tax raised upon that species of property in each state which, by the state laws, is liable to taxation, as had originally been contemplated by Congress, would be preferable to a general assessment laid uniformly on the same species of property in all the states, as was ultimately adopted.
All which is respectfully submitted. ALBERT GALLATIN, Secretary of the Treasury, Nov. 5, 1807.
All which is respectfully submitted. ALBERT GALLATIN, Secretary of the Treasury, Nov. 5, 1807.
ROYSTER & BOHANNAN.
ROYSTER & BOHANNAN.
Have just received a general assortment of GROCERIES,
Have just received a general assortment of GROCERIES,
TWELVE Hundred casks of Liverpool Salt, 10 hds. W. India Rum, 10 do. N. England do., 10 casks Sherry, 10 do. Lisbon, 10 do. Malaga, 3 hds. Teneriffe, 24 hds. Sugar, 14 do. Loaf do., 50 boxes N. Y. Candles, 50 do. best yellow Soap, 100 reams wrapping Paper, 50 do. writing do., Soft shelled Almonds by quantity, 12 boxes Chocolate, 30 crates well assorted Earthen Ware, 12 boxes Glass Ware.
TWELVE Hundred casks of Liverpool Salt, 10 hds. W. India Rum, 10 do. N. England do., 10 casks Sherry, 10 do. Lisbon, 10 do. Malaga, 3 hds. Teneriffe, 24 hds. Sugar, 14 do. Loaf do., 50 boxes N. Y. Candles, 50 do. best yellow Soap, 100 reams wrapping Paper, 50 do. writing do., Soft shelled Almonds by quantity, 12 boxes Chocolate, 30 crates well assorted Earthen Ware, 12 boxes Glass Ware.
consisting of 1/2 pint, 3/4 pint, 1 pint, 1 1/2 pint, 2 pint, 2 1/2 pint, 3 pint, 3 1/2 pint, 4 pint, 4 1/2 pint, 5 pint, 5 1/2 pint, 6 pint, 6 1/2 pint, 7 pint, 7 1/2 pint, 8 pint, 8 1/2 pint, 9 pint, 9 1/2 pint, 10 pint, 10 1/2 pint, 11 pint, 11 1/2 pint, 12 pint, 12 1/2 pint, 13 pint, 13 1/2 pint, 14 pint, 14 1/2 pint, 15 pint, 15 1/2 pint, 16 pint, 16 1/2 pint, 17 pint, 17 1/2 pint, 18 pint, 18 1/2 pint, 19 pint, 19 1/2 pint, 20 pint, 20 1/2 pint, 21 pint, 21 1/2 pint, 22 pint, 22 1/2 pint, 23 pint, 23 1/2 pint, 24 pint, 24 1/2 pint, 25 pint, 25 1/2 pint, 26 pint, 26 1/2 pint, 27 pint, 27 1/2 pint, 28 pint, 28 1/2 pint, 29 pint, 29 1/2 pint, 30 pint, 30 1/2 pint, 31 pint, 31 1/2 pint, 32 pint, 32 1/2 pint, 33 pint, 33 1/2 pint, 34 pint, 34 1/2 pint, 35 pint, 35 1/2 pint, 36 pint, 36 1/2 pint, 37 pint, 37 1/2 pint, 38 pint, 38 1/2 pint, 39 pint, 39 1/2 pint, 40 pint, 40 1/2 pint, 41 pint, 41 1/2 pint, 42 pint, 42 1/2 pint, 43 pint, 43 1/2 pint, 44 pint, 44 1/2 pint, 45 pint, 45 1/2 pint, 46 pint, 46 1/2 pint, 47 pint, 47 1/2 pint, 48 pint, 48 1/2 pint, 49 pint, 49 1/2 pint, 50 pint, 50 1/2 pint, 51 pint, 51 1/2 pint, 52 pint, 52 1/2 pint, 53 pint, 53 1/2 pint, 54 pint, 54 1/2 pint, 55 pint, 55 1/2 pint, 56 pint, 56 1/2 pint, 57 pint, 57 1/2 pint, 58 pint, 58 1/2 pint, 59 pint, 59 1/2 pint, 60 pint, 60 1/2 pint, 61 pint, 61 1/2 pint, 62 pint, 62 1/2 pint, 63 pint, 63 1/2 pint, 64 pint, 64 1/2 pint, 65 pint, 65 1/2 pint, 66 pint, 66 1/2 pint, 67 pint, 67 1/2 pint, 68 pint, 68 1/2 pint, 69 pint, 69 1/2 pint, 70 pint, 70 1/2 pint, 71 pint, 71 1/2 pint, 72 pint, 72 1/2 pint, 73 pint, 73 1/2 pint, 74 pint, 74 1/2 pint, 75 pint, 75 1/2 pint, 76 pint, 76 1/2 pint, 77 pint, 77 1/2 pint, 78 pint, 78 1/2 pint, 79 pint, 79 1/2 pint, 80 pint, 80 1/2 pint, 81 pint, 81 1/2 pint, 82 pint, 82 1/2 pint, 83 pint, 83 1/2 pint, 84 pint, 84 1/2 pint, 85 pint, 85 1/2 pint, 86 pint, 86 1/2 pint, 87 pint, 87 1/2 pint, 88 pint, 88 1/2 pint, 89 pint, 89 1/2 pint, 90 pint, 90 1/2 pint, 91 pint, 91 1/2 pint, 92 pint, 92 1/2 pint, 93 pint, 93 1/2 pint, 94 pint, 94 1/2 pint, 95 pint, 95 1/2 pint, 96 pint, 96 1/2 pint, 97 pint, 97 1/2 pint, 98 pint, 98 1/2 pint, 99 pint, 99 1/2 pint, 100 pint, 100 1/2 pint, 101 pint, 101 1/2 pint, 102 pint, 102 1/2 pint, 103 pint, 103 1/2 pint, 104 pint, 104 1/2 pint, 105 pint, 105 1/2 pint, 106 pint, 106 1/2 pint, 107 pint, 107 1/2 pint, 108 pint, 108 1/2 pint, 109 pint, 109 1/2 pint, 110 pint, 110 1/2 pint, 111 pint, 111 1/2 pint, 112 pint, 112 1/2 pint, 113 pint, 113 1/2 pint, 114 pint, 114 1/2 pint, 115 pint, 115 1/2 pint, 116 pint, 116 1/2 pint, 117 pint, 117 1/2 pint, 118 pint, 118 1/2 pint, 119 pint, 119 1/2 pint, 120 pint, 120 1/2 pint, 121 pint, 121 1/2 pint, 122 pint, 122 1/2 pint, 123 pint, 123 1/2 pint, 124 pint, 124 1/2 pint, 125 pint, 125 1/2 pint, 126 pint, 126 1/2 pint, 127 pint, 127 1/2 pint, 128 pint, 128 1/2 pint, 129 pint, 129 1/2 pint, 130 pint, 130 1/2 pint, 131 pint, 131 1/2 pint, 132 pint, 132 1/2 pint, 133 pint, 133 1/2 pint, 134 pint, 134 1/2 pint, 135 pint, 135 1/2 pint, 136 pint, 136 1/2 pint, 137 pint, 137 1/2 pint, 138 pint, 138 1/2 pint, 139 pint, 139 1/2 pint, 140 pint, 140 1/2 pint, 141 pint, 141 1/2 pint, 142 pint, 142 1/2 pint, 143 pint, 143 1/2 pint, 144 pint, 144 1/2 pint, 145 pint, 145 1/2 pint, 146 pint, 146 1/2 pint, 147 pint, 147 1/2 pint, 148 pint, 148 1/2 pint, 149 pint, 149 1/2 pint, 150 pint, 150 1/2 pint, 151 pint, 151 1/2 pint, 152 pint, 152 1/2 pint, 153 pint, 153 1/2 pint, 154 pint, 154 1/2 pint, 155 pint, 155 1/2 pint, 156 pint, 156 1/2 pint, 157 pint, 157 1/2 pint, 158 pint, 158 1/2 pint, 159 pint, 159 1/2 pint, 160 pint, 160 1/2 pint, 161 pint, 161 1/2 pint, 162 pint, 162 1/2 pint, 163 pint, 163 1/2 pint, 164 pint, 164 1/2 pint, 165 pint, 165 1/2 pint, 166 pint, 166 1/2 pint, 167 pint, 167 1/2 pint, 168 pint, 168 1/2 pint, 169 pint, 169 1/2 pint, 170 pint, 170 1/2 pint, 171 pint, 171 1/2 pint, 172 pint, 172 1/2 pint, 173 pint, 173 1/2 pint, 174 pint, 174 1/2 pint, 175 pint, 175 1/2 pint, 176 pint, 176 1/2 pint, 177 pint, 177 1/2 pint, 178 pint, 178 1/2 pint, 179 pint, 179 1/2 pint, 180 pint, 180 1/2 pint, 181 pint, 181 1/2 pint, 182 pint, 182 1/2 pint, 183 pint, 183 1/2 pint, 184 pint, 184 1/2 pint, 185 pint, 185 1/2 pint, 186 pint, 186 1/2 pint, 187 pint, 187 1/2 pint, 188 pint, 188 1/2 pint, 189 pint, 189 1/2 pint, 190 pint, 190 1/2 pint, 191 pint, 191 1/2 pint, 192 pint, 192 1/2 pint, 193 pint, 193 1/2 pint, 194 pint, 194 1/2 pint, 195 pint, 195 1/2 pint, 196 pint, 196 1/2 pint, 197 pint, 197 1/2 pint, 198 pint, 198 1/2 pint, 199 pint, 199 1/2 pint, 200 pint, 200 1/2 pint, 201 pint, 201 1/2 pint, 202 pint, 202 1/2 pint, 203 pint, 203 1/2 pint, 204 pint, 204 1/2 pint, 205 pint, 205 1/2 pint, 206 pint, 206 1/2 pint, 207 pint, 207 1/2 pint, 208 pint, 208 1/2 pint, 209 pint, 209 1/2 pint, 210 pint, 210 1/2 pint, 211 pint, 211 1/2 pint, 212 pint, 212 1/2 pint, 213 pint, 213 1/2 pint, 214 pint, 214 1/2 pint, 215 pint, 215 1/2 pint, 216 pint, 216 1/2 pint, 217 pint, 217 1/2 pint, 218 pint, 218 1/2 pint, 219 pint, 219 1/2 pint, 220 pint, 220 1/2 pint, 221 pint, 221 1/2 pint, 222 pint, 222 1/2 pint, 223 pint, 223 1/2 pint, 224 pint, 224 1/2 pint, 225 pint, 225 1/2 pint, 226 pint, 226 1/2 pint, 227 pint, 227 1/2 pint, 228 pint, 228 1/2 pint, 229 pint, 229 1/2 pint, 230 pint, 230 1/2 pint, 231 pint, 231 1/2 pint, 232 pint, 232 1/2 pint, 233 pint, 233 1/2 pint, 234 pint, 234 1/2 pint, 235 pint, 235 1/2 pint, 236 pint, 236 1/2 pint, 237 pint, 237 1/2 pint, 238 pint, 238 1/2 pint, 239 pint, 239 1/2 pint, 240 pint, 240 1/2 pint, 241 pint, 241 1/2 pint, 242 pint, 242 1/2 pint, 243 pint, 243 1/2 pint, 244 pint, 244 1/2 pint, 245 pint, 245 1/2 pint, 246 pint, 246 1/2 pint, 247 pint, 247 1/2 pint, 248 pint, 248 1/2 pint, 249 pint, 249 1/2 pint, 250 pint, 250 1/2 pint, 251 pint, 251 1/2 pint, 252 pint, 252 1/2 pint, 253 pint, 253 1/2 pint, 254 pint, 254 1/2 pint, 255 pint, 255 1/2 pint, 256 pint, 256 1/2 pint, 257 pint, 257 1/2 pint, 258 pint, 258 1/2 pint, 259 pint, 259 1/2 pint, 260 pint, 260 1/2 pint, 261 pint, 261 1/2 pint, 262 pint, 262 1/2 pint, 263 pint, 263 1/2 pint, 264 pint, 264 1/2 pint, 265 pint, 265 1/2 pint, 266 pint, 266 1/2 pint, 267 pint, 267 1/2 pint, 268 pint, 268 1/2 pint, 269 pint, 269 1/2 pint, 270 pint, 270 1/2 pint, 271 pint, 271 1/2 pint, 272 pint, 272 1/2 pint, 273 pint, 273 1/2 pint, 274 pint, 274 1/2 pint, 275 pint, 275 1/2 pint, 276 pint, 276 1/2 pint, 277 pint, 277 1/2 pint, 278 pint, 278 1/2 pint, 279 pint, 279 1/2 pint, 280 pint, 280 1/2 pint, 281 pint, 281 1/2 pint, 282 pint, 282 1/2 pint, 283 pint, 283 1/2 pint, 284 pint, 284 1/2 pint, 285 pint, 285 1/2 pint, 286 pint, 286 1/2 pint, 287 pint, 287 1/2 pint, 288 pint, 288 1/2 pint, 289 pint, 289 1/2 pint, 290 pint, 290 1/2 pint, 291 pint, 291 1/2 pint, 292 pint, 292 1/2 pint, 293 pint, 293 1/2 pint, 294 pint, 294 1/2 pint, 295 pint, 295 1/2 pint, 296 pint, 296 1/2 pint, 297 pint, 297 1/2 pint, 298 pint, 298 1/2 pint, 299 pint, 299 1/2 pint, 300 pint, 300 1/2 pint, 301 pint, 301 1/2 pint, 302 pint, 302 1/2 pint, 303 pint, 303 1/2 pint, 304 pint, 304 1/2 pint, 305 pint, 305 1/2 pint, 306 pint, 306 1/2 pint, 307 pint, 307 1/2 pint, 308 pint, 308 1/2 pint, 309 pint, 309 1/2 pint, 310 pint, 310 1/2 pint, 311 pint, 311 1/2 pint, 312 pint, 312 1/2 pint, 313 pint, 313 1/2 pint, 314 pint, 314 1/2 pint, 315 pint, 315 1/2 pint, 316 pint, 316 1/2 pint, 317 pint, 317 1/2 pint, 318 pint, 318 1/2 pint, 319 pint, 319 1/2 pint, 320 pint, 320 1/2 pint, 321 pint, 321 1/2 pint, 322 pint, 322 1/2 pint, 323 pint, 323 1/2 pint, 324 pint, 324 1/2 pint, 32
consisting of 1/2 pint, 3/4 pint, 1 pint, 1 1/2 pint, 2 pint, 2 1/2 pint, 3 pint, 3 1/2 pint, 4 pint, 4 1/2 pint, 5 pint, 5 1/2 pint, 6 pint, 6 1/2 pint, 7 pint, 7 1/2 pint, 8 pint, 8 1/2 pint, 9 pint, 9 1/2 pint, 10 pint, 10 1/2 pint, 11 pint, 11 1/2 pint, 12 pint, 12 1/2 pint, 13 pint, 13 1/2 pint, 14 pint, 14 1/2 pint, 15 pint, 15 1/2 pint, 16 pint, 16 1/2 pint, 17 pint, 17 1/2 pint, 18 pint, 18 1/2 pint, 19 pint, 19 1/2 pint, 20 pint, 20 1/2 pint, 21 pint, 21 1/2 pint, 22 pint, 22 1/2 pint, 23 pint, 23 1/2 pint, 24 pint, 24 1/2 pint, 25 pint, 25 1/2 pint, 26 pint, 26 1/2 pint, 27 pint, 27 1/2 pint, 28 pint, 28 1/2 pint, 29 pint, 29 1/2 pint, 30 pint, 30 1/2 pint, 31 pint, 31 1/2 pint, 32 pint, 32 1/2 pint, 33 pint, 33 1/2 pint, 34 pint, 34 1/2 pint, 35 pint, 35 1/2 pint, 36 pint, 36 1/2 pint, 37 pint, 37 1/2 pint, 38 pint, 38 1/2 pint, 39 pint, 39 1/2 pint, 40 pint, 40 1/2 pint, 41 pint, 41 1/2 pint, 42 pint, 42 1/2 pint, 43 pint, 43 1/2 pint, 44 pint, 44 1/2 pint, 45 pint, 45 1/2 pint, 46 pint, 46 1/2 pint, 47 pint, 47 1/2 pint, 48 pint, 48 1/2 pint, 49 pint, 49 1/2 pint, 50 pint, 50 1/2 pint, 51 pint, 51 1/2 pint, 52 pint, 52 1/2 pint, 53 pint, 53 1/2 pint, 54 pint, 54 1/2 pint, 55 pint, 55 1/2 pint, 56 pint, 56 1/2 pint, 57 pint, 57 1/2 pint, 58 pint, 58 1/2 pint, 59 pint, 59 1/2 pint, 60 pint, 60 1/2 pint, 61 pint, 61 1/2 pint, 62 pint, 62 1/2 pint, 63 pint, 63 1/2 pint, 64 pint, 64 1/2 pint, 65 pint, 65 1/2 pint, 66 pint, 66 1/2 pint, 67 pint, 67 1/2 pint, 68 pint, 68 1/2 pint, 69 pint, 69 1/2 pint, 70 pint, 70 1/2 pint, 71 pint, 71 1/2 pint, 72 pint, 72 1/2 pint, 73 pint, 73 1/2 pint, 74 pint, 74 1/2 pint, 75 pint, 75 1/2 pint, 76 pint, 76 1/2 pint, 77 pint, 77 1/2 pint, 78 pint, 78 1/2 pint, 79 pint, 79 1/2 pint, 80 pint, 80 1/2 pint, 81 pint, 81 1/2 pint, 82 pint, 82 1/2 pint, 83 pint, 83 1/2 pint, 84 pint, 84 1/2 pint, 85 pint, 85 1/2 pint, 86 pint, 86 1/2 pint, 87 pint, 87 1/2 pint, 88 pint, 88 1/2 pint, 89 pint, 89 1/2 pint, 90 pint, 90 1/2 pint, 91 pint, 91 1/2 pint, 92 pint, 92 1/2 pint, 93 pint, 93 1/2 pint, 94 pint, 94 1/2 pint, 95 pint, 95 1/2 pint, 96 pint, 96 1/2 pint, 97 pint, 97 1/2 pint, 98 pint, 98 1/2 pint, 99 pint, 99 1/2 pint, 100 pint, 100 1/2 pint, 101 pint, 101 1/2 pint, 102 pint, 102 1/2 pint, 103 pint, 103 1/2 pint, 104 pint, 104 1/2 pint, 105 pint, 105 1/2 pint, 106 pint, 106 1/2 pint, 107 pint, 107 1/2 pint, 108 pint, 108 1/2 pint, 109 pint, 109 1/2 pint, 110 pint, 110 1/2 pint, 111 pint, 111 1/2 pint, 112 pint, 112 1/2 pint, 113 pint, 113 1/2 pint, 114 pint, 114 1/2 pint, 115 pint, 115 1/2 pint, 116 pint, 116 1/2 pint, 117 pint, 117 1/2 pint, 118 pint, 118 1/2 pint, 119 pint, 119 1/2 pint, 120 pint, 120 1/2 pint, 121 pint, 121 1/2 pint, 122 pint, 122 1/2 pint, 123 pint, 123 1/2 pint, 124 pint, 124 1/2 pint, 125 pint, 125 1/2 pint, 126 pint, 126 1/2 pint, 127 pint, 127 1/2 pint, 128 pint, 128 1/2 pint, 129 pint, 129 1/2 pint, 130 pint, 130 1/2 pint, 131 pint, 131 1/2 pint, 132 pint, 132 1/2 pint, 133 pint, 133 1/2 pint, 134 pint, 134 1/2 pint, 135 pint, 135 1/2 pint, 136 pint, 136 1/2 pint, 137 pint, 137 1/2 pint, 138 pint, 138 1/2 pint, 139 pint, 139 1/2 pint, 140 pint, 140 1/2 pint, 141 pint, 141 1/2 pint, 142 pint, 142 1/2 pint, 143 pint, 143 1/2 pint, 144 pint, 144 1/2 pint, 145 pint, 145 1/2 pint, 146 pint, 146 1/2 pint, 147 pint, 147 1/2 pint, 148 pint, 148 1/2 pint, 149 pint, 149 1/2 pint, 150 pint, 150 1/2 pint, 151 pint, 151 1/2 pint, 152 pint, 152 1/2 pint, 153 pint, 153 1/2 pint, 154 pint, 154 1/2 pint, 155 pint, 155 1/2 pint, 156 pint, 156 1/2 pint, 157 pint, 157 1/2 pint, 158 pint, 158 1/2 pint, 159 pint, 159 1/2 pint, 160 pint, 160 1/2 pint, 161 pint, 161 1/2 pint, 162 pint, 162 1/2 pint, 163 pint, 163 1/2 pint, 164 pint, 164 1/2 pint, 165 pint, 165 1/2 pint, 166 pint, 166 1/2 pint, 167 pint, 167 1/2 pint, 168 pint, 168 1/2 pint, 169 pint, 169 1/2 pint, 170 pint, 170 1/2 pint, 171 pint, 171 1/2 pint, 172 pint, 172 1/2 pint, 173 pint, 173 1/2 pint, 174 pint, 174 1/2 pint, 175 pint, 175 1/2 pint, 176 pint, 176 1/2 pint, 177 pint, 177 1/2 pint, 178 pint, 178 1/2 pint, 179 pint, 179 1/2 pint, 180 pint, 180 1/2 pint, 181 pint, 181 1/2 pint, 182 pint, 182 1/2 pint, 183 pint, 183 1/2 pint, 184 pint, 184 1/2 pint, 185 pint, 185 1/2 pint, 186 pint, 186 1/2 pint, 187 pint, 187 1/2 pint, 188 pint, 188 1/2 pint, 189 pint, 189 1/2 pint, 190 pint, 190 1/2 pint, 191 pint, 191 1/2 pint, 192 pint, 192 1/2 pint, 193 pint, 193 1/2 pint, 194 pint, 194 1/2 pint, 195 pint, 195 1/2 pint, 196 pint, 196 1/2 pint, 197 pint, 197 1/2 pint, 198 pint, 198 1/2 pint, 199 pint, 199 1/2 pint, 200 pint, 200 1/2 pint, 201 pint, 201 1/2 pint, 202 pint, 202 1/2 pint, 203 pint, 203 1/2 pint, 204 pint, 204 1/2 pint, 205 pint, 205 1/2 pint, 206 pint, 206 1/2 pint, 207 pint, 207 1/2 pint, 208 pint, 208 1/2 pint, 209 pint, 209 1/2 pint, 210 pint, 210 1/2 pint, 211 pint, 211 1/2 pint, 212 pint, 212 1/2 pint, 213 pint, 213 1/2 pint, 214 pint, 214 1/2 pint, 215 pint, 215 1/2 pint, 216 pint, 216 1/2 pint, 217 pint, 217 1/2 pint, 218 pint, 218 1/2 pint, 219 pint, 219 1/2 pint, 220 pint, 220 1/2 pint, 221 pint, 221 1/2 pint, 222 pint, 222 1/2 pint, 223 pint, 223 1/2 pint, 224 pint, 224 1/2 pint, 225 pint, 225 1/2 pint, 226 pint, 226 1/2 pint, 227 pint, 227 1/2 pint, 228 pint, 228 1/2 pint, 229 pint, 229 1/2 pint, 230 pint, 230 1/2 pint, 231 pint, 231 1/2 pint, 232 pint, 232 1/2 pint, 233 pint, 233 1/2 pint, 234 pint, 234 1/2 pint, 235 pint, 235 1/2 pint, 236 pint, 236 1/2 pint, 237 pint, 237 1/2 pint, 238 pint, 238 1/2 pint, 239 pint, 239 1/2 pint, 240 pint, 240 1/2 pint, 241 pint, 241 1/2 pint, 242 pint, 242 1/2 pint, 243 pint, 243 1/2 pint, 244 pint, 244 1/2 pint, 245 pint, 245 1/2 pint, 246 pint, 246 1/2 pint, 247 pint, 247 1/2 pint, 248 pint, 248 1/2 pint, 249 pint, 249 1/2 pint, 250 pint, 250 1/2 pint, 251 pint, 251 1/2 pint, 252 pint, 252 1/2 pint, 253 pint, 253 1/2 pint, 254 pint, 254 1/2 pint, 255 pint, 255 1/2 pint, 256 pint, 256 1/2 pint, 257 pint, 257 1/2 pint, 258 pint, 258 1/2 pint, 259 pint, 259 1/2 pint, 260 pint, 260 1/2 pint, 261 pint, 261 1/2 pint, 262 pint, 262 1/2 pint, 263 pint, 263 1/2 pint, 264 pint, 264 1/2 pint, 265 pint, 265 1/2 pint, 266 pint, 266 1/2 pint, 267 pint, 267 1/2 pint, 268 pint, 268 1/2 pint, 269 pint, 269 1/2 pint, 270 pint, 270 1/2 pint, 271 pint, 271 1/2 pint, 272 pint, 272 1/2 pint, 273 pint, 273 1/2 pint, 274 pint, 274 1/2 pint, 275 pint, 275 1/2 pint, 276 pint, 276 1/2 pint, 277 pint, 277 1/2 pint, 278 pint, 278 1/2 pint, 279 pint, 279 1/2 pint, 280 pint, 280 1/2 pint, 281 pint, 281 1/2 pint, 282 pint, 282 1/2 pint, 283 pint, 283 1/2 pint, 284 pint, 284 1/2 pint, 285 pint, 285 1/2 pint, 286 pint, 286 1/2 pint, 287 pint, 287 1/2 pint, 288 pint, 288 1/2 pint, 289 pint, 289 1/2 pint, 290 pint, 290 1/2 pint, 291 pint, 291 1/2 pint, 292 pint, 292 1/2 pint, 293 pint, 293 1/2 pint, 294 pint, 294 1/2 pint, 295 pint, 295 1/2 pint, 296 pint, 296 1/2 pint, 297 pint, 297 1/2 pint, 298 pint, 298 1/2 pint, 299 pint, 299 1/2 pint, 300 pint, 300 1/2 pint, 301 pint, 301 1/2 pint, 302 pint, 302 1/2 pint, 303 pint, 303 1/2 pint, 304 pint, 304 1/2 pint, 305 pint, 305 1/2 pint, 306 pint, 306 1/2 pint, 307 pint, 307 1/2 pint, 308 pint, 308 1/2 pint, 309 pint, 309 1/2 pint, 310 pint, 310 1/2 pint, 311 pint, 311 1/2 pint, 312 pint, 312 1/2 pint, 313 pint, 313 1/2 pint, 314 pint, 314 1/2 pint, 315 pint, 315 1/2 pint, 316 pint, 316 1/2 pint, 317 pint, 317 1/2 pint, 318 pint, 318 1/2 pint, 319 pint, 319 1/2 pint, 320 pint, 320 1/2 pint, 321 pint, 321 1/2 pint, 322 pint, 322 1/2 pint, 323 pint, 323 1/2 pint, 324 pint, 324 1/2 pint, 32