Alexandria daily advertiser (Alexandria [Va.]), 1807-02-25 00:00:00

Alexandria Daily Advertiser.
Vol. VII]
WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 25, 1807.
[No. 1842.
SALES AT VENDUE. On every Tuesday and Friday, WILL BE SOLD, AT THE VENDUE STORE, Corner of Prince and Water streets, A variety of Dry Goods, Groceries, &c. Particulars of which will be expressed in the bills of the day. ALL kinds of goods which are on limitation and the prices of which are established, can at any time be viewed and purchased at the lowest limitation and prices.
P. G. Marsteller, v. M. MARSTELLER AND YOUNG, HAVE JUST RECEIVED, A quantity of BEEF—Boston inspection— No. 1 and 2—which will be sold on moderate terms. Feb. 3.—d
Wanted to Purchase, A Negro Man Servant, who has been accustomed to wait in a family, and can be well recommended.—Enquire of the Printer. November 10. d
For Sale or Rent, A WELL finished three story BRICK DWELLING HOUSE, containing 7 rooms, with wash house, kitchen, smoke house, coach house and stable and other necessary buildings all of brick, situate on Royal street, a few doors from Gadsby's, and near the market. For particulars apply to Robert Patton. February 9. d
JUST RECEIVED AND FOR SALE, 150 Sacks Liverpool Stoved Salt, & 2600 Bushels do. On very moderate terms. Wm. Hodgson. Jan. 3. d
Wanted to Purchase, A FEW ACRES of LAND, on the north end of the town, to bind on the river or nearby so. Apply to the Printer. September 25. d
JUST RECEIVED AND FOR SALE, 500 Spanish Hides, 5 tierces Clover Seed, 1 ditto Timothy, AND 5 hogsheads JAMAICA RUM. Mordecai Miller. January 20. d
FOR SALE, On advantageous terms, The large commodious well-built three story BRICK WAREHOUSE on King-street occupied by Messrs. Richard Veitch & Co.—Apply to James Patton. October 20. d
Just Received, AND FOR SALE BY THE SUBSCRIBERS, 2 pipes L. P. Madeira WINE 2 half do. do. do. 6 pipes Cognac BRANDY, 4th proof. Wadsworth & Butler, WHO HAVE ON HAND, 20 hlds. Jamaica RUM, 4th proof 10 do. St. Croix do. 2d & 3d do. 8 do. New-England do. 5 pipes Holland GIN 2 do. country do. 1 hhd. L. market Madeira Wine } of a superior quality 4 quarter casks do. do. } 3 do. do. L. P. Teneriffe do. do. 6000 bushels Lisbon SALT. January 1
13 hlds. SUGAR of good quality, 33 bbls. do. 5 pipes 4th proof Brandy 4 qr. casks Sherry Wine } of excellent quality 11 do. do. Malaga do. } Boxes of Cotton Cards Sacks of Licorice Root and Sago Barrels of Clover and Herds Grass Seed And a large quantity of Red Sole Leather. For Sale by Benjamin Shreve, Jun. July 26. d
TO BE RENTED, THE BRICK STORE & COMPTING HOUSE now occupied by Messrs. Ricketts Newton & Co.—also, the vacant STORE adjoining. They are large and convenient, as will be rented low. Apply to J. H. HOOE. July 28. jaw
50 barrels of Tar, For Sale by M. MILLER. February 18. d  Adam Lynn, HAS JUST RECEIVED, AN ELEGANT ASSORTMENT OF Gold mounted and plain Tortoise Shell Combs, of the latest fashions. February 17. d
Marsteller and Young, Have just received, and will sell low if taken from on board, 8000 bushels Turks Island Salt. ALSO, 17 Tierces Barbadoes Molasses. January 16. d  Dissolution of Partnership.
WILLIAM DOUGLASS intending to retire from business in this place, the partnership of Douglass & Mandeville is this day dissolved by mutual consent, and Joseph H. Mandeville is solely authorised to adjust and settle all the accounts of the partnership. It is earnestly requested that all persons indebted to them will settle the same with him immediately, as longer indulgence cannot be given. William Douglass, Joseph H. Mandeville. January 3. dff
Joseph H. Mandeville Intends to carry on the FLOUR and GROCERY BUSINESS in the same manner & on the same terms as heretofore done by D. and M. and solicits a continuance of favors from his friends. January 8. dff
JOSEPH H. MANDEVILLE KING-STREET, At his Grocery & Flour Store, HAS ON HAND AND OFFERS FOR SALE, Muscovado SUGAR of various qualities Moore's Loaf and Lump do. MOLASSES in hlds. Havanna HONEY Imperial, } TEAS, Hyson, } Of a good quality Young Hyson & } Hyson Skin } COFFEE & CHOCOLATE Spanish SEGARS in boxes RAISINS in kegs and boxes Jamaica and Antigua SPIRIT, old and good Low priced West-India RUM New-England do. French and Peach BRANDY Holland GIN Rye WHISKEY Stoughton's BITTERS in bottles Manufactured TOBACCO Mould and dip'd CANDLES Coarse and fine Liverpool SALT in sacks or by the bushel American GUNPOWDER Wrapping Paper, Demi Johns, Snuff in bottles; Leading Lines and Bed Cords, Black Pepper, &c. 100 tons Plaister Paris. 20 bbls. whole or gross HERRINGS 100 bbls. cut do. 20 bbls. SHAD Clover Seed. Cheshire CHEESE of an excellent quality. ALSO FLOUR constantly kept and selected for family use. January 3. d
SEINE TWINE. 2,000 pounds excellent Seine Twine. ALSO, 10 quarter casks Port Wine 10 boxes Spermaceti Candles 12 kegs fresh Raisins For sale by James Sanderson. January 19. d
For Sale or Rent, MY LAND, TOBACCO WAREHOUSES, and other buildings at Boyd's Hole; at present in the occupancy of Mr. John W. Timberlake. Possession may be had the first of April. For further particulars apply to Mr. William F. Grimes, near the place, Mr. William Wedderburn, of Alexandria, or the subscriber. W. Fitzhugh. February 21. 2awtf
IN COMMON COUNCIL, 16th February, 1807. ORDERED, THAT the following persons be appointed commissioners, for superintending the elections, to be held in the different wards of the town, on Tuesday the 3d of March next, for the choice of members of the Common Council for the ensuing year, viz. John Muncaster, } for the first ward. William Harper, } John Hunter, } Joseph Riddle, } for the second ward. Dennis Ramsay, } John Young, } Joseph Smith, } for the third ward. Adam Lynn, } William Reily, } Mathew Robinson } for the fourth ward. Thomas Janney, } John Johnston, } The election for the first ward, to be held at John Bogan's tavern, on Prince-street—for the second ward, at the court-house—for the third ward, at John Hodgkin's tavern, on King-street—and for the fourth ward, at Mr. Lawrence Hoef's brick house, on Duke-street. Test. JAMES M. MREA, c. c. February 18. 18dMa
FOR RENT, The STORE, on Prince-street, between Fairfax and Prince-street, lately in the occupation of Mr. Ramsay. It is well calculated for a dry or wet goods store. The rent moderate. Apply to William Hodgson. Sept. 25. d  Patent Elastic Suspenders, To be had, wholesale and retail, of the Patentee, next door below Mr. Alexander McKenzie's, lower end of Prince-street, Alexandria.
THEY surpass any yet extant, for ease, elegance, &c. Masters of vessels and other gentlemen going to the West-Indies, Spanish Main, &c. may be furnished with an assortment, and a great allowance to those who purchase by the quantity. N. B. The buttons on the back parts of the waistband ought to be placed the same distance from each other, as the two center buttons on the suspenders, to prevent improper straining, and thereby destroying the ease designed in the construction of the article. Richard Horwell. ALSO, Red, Green, & Black Morocco Leather, By the dozen or single skin—for sale at Horwell's Patent Suspender Manufactory, in Prince-street. July 8. d19m
Suwarrows Boots.
JOHN G. FRANCIS, From New-York, RESPECTFULLY informs the public that he manufactures Suwarrows Boots with all the modern improvements, warranted equal to any in the United States. After many years of experience in his business, he has discovered a new method of retaining the elasticity in boots. He warrants to fit the leg he it ever so badly shaped. He makes boots of various descriptions, viz. Suwarrows—Fair-Tops, Three Quarters, Corsican Spring Toes, Duck Bills, Round Toes, Bonaparte's Graves, Jefferson's Boots and Shoes. He warrants to fit the Suwarrows equal to the tuck boots.—Gentlemen will please to call and see for themselves, at his shop in King-street, between Mr. Mott's and Mr. Hodgkin's tavern. January 5. d6m N. B. He intends selling cheap for cash.
This is to give Notice, THAT the subscribers, of Alexandria county, in the district of Columbia, have obtained from the Orphans' Court of said county, letters of administration on the personal estate of John Lightfoot, late of the county aforesaid, deceased:—ALL PERSONS having claims against the said deceased, are hereby warned to exhibit them with the vouchers thereof to the subscribers, on or before the 21st day of July next ensuing, or they may by law be excluded from all benefit to said estate—And all persons indebted thereto are requested to make immediate payment.—Given under our hands this 21st day of January, 1807. Elizabeth Lightfoot, Adm'x. Samuel Lightfoot, Adm'r. January 21. 2awew
For Freight to Europe, THE STANCH FAST SAILING BRIG PERSEVERANCE; [Burden 190 tons] Completely equipped and now ready a Hartsorne's wharf. Apply To captain Samuel Jackson, on board, or JOHN C. LADD. to
Who has for Sale, (NOW LANDING FROM SAID BRIG) 40 Barrels New Rum 12 Hlds. Molasses 150 Barrels Sweet Cider 100 Casks Lime 100 Barrels Prime Beef 5 Pipes Holland Gin Feb. 20. d
LANDING, From the brig Active, and for sale, by Lattason & Lowle, 12 hlds. clay'd } Sugars. 13 do. Muscovado } 20 barrels do. February 20. d
Spanish Hides. 1500 large heavy Spanish Hides 6000 wt. fine green Coffee—and 600 wt. Indigo, Spanish Plant For sale by M. MILLER. February 20. d
Plaister of Paris, &c. JOSEPH H. MANDEVILLE, Has just received and offers for sale, 50 tons Plaister 50 barrels New-England Rum 20 do. Whiskey 60 barrels excellent Herrings 15 hlds. brown Sugar. ALSO, A small light Waggon to be sold cheap. February 20. d1w
FOUR DOLLARS Reward. RAN AWAY, from the subscriber, a yellow Negro Girl, about 16 years of age, a very round face with trickles or small spots. She is very remarkable, having on one of her ears a lump about the size of a small pea, occasioned by being bored for bobs when young. Whoever secures her in any jail so as I get her again, shall receive the above reward and reasonable charges if brought home to Aquila Johns. Broad-Creek, Prince-George's County, 14th Feb.—(20) d19t
Dissolution of Partnership. THE partnership of Davey and Mills, was dissolved on the 17th instant—and William N. Mills is solely authorised to settle all accounts of the late firm. William N. Mills, Surviving Partner of Davey and Mills. January 23. eotf
William N. Mills, CONTINUES to carry on the Grocery & Flour Business, in the house formerly occupied by Davey and Mills. And has just received, 2500 weight Firkin Butter, In complete order for shipping. January 23. eotf
ENGLISH HORSE BRILLIANT, The property of John Tayloe, Esquire, of Mount Airy, WILL stand, the ensuing season, at Mr. J. Milton's, in Frederick county, Virginia, one mile from Berryville, 6 from Snicker's ferry on Shenandoah river, and 12 from Winchester; at the low price of twenty-five dollars, (dischargeable by twenty dollars during the season) with one dollar to the groom.
BRILLIANT is a beautiful grey, 16 hands high, possessing great bone, with fine shape and symmetry—his blood unexceptionable—and allowed by all judges to be as fine a horse, in all respects, as was ever imported. Pasturage furnished mares from a distance, but no liability for accidents or escapes. His pedigree, performances, &c. will be published in handbills, when the season commences. January 31. 1aw7t Printing, in its various branches, handsomely executed at this office.

AT a meeting of the WASHINGTON SOCIETY of Alexandria, the 23d February, 1807,
It was unanimously Resolved, That the thanks of this Society be presented to Francis Lightfoot Lee, Esquire, for the elegant, appropriate, and sensible Oration, this day delivered by him, and that a copy thereof be requested for publication.
G. DENEALE, Sec'y.
AN ADDRESS TO THE WASHINGTON SOCIETY.
GENTLEMEN,
A RULE of your institution makes it my duty to discuss a subject, which was pleasing to the illustrious man whose nativity we commemorate. To liberate his country, and establish its freedom on a lasting basis, were his favorite employments. It was fortunate for the liberty of America, and the glory of her chief, that those objects were attempted, when her strength and disposition were ripe for their accomplishment. This temperate, fertile region was destined to be the theatre, and Washington the conductor, of a great political experiment.
At a period when civil and religious tyranny prevailed in Europe; when superstition had exploded knowledge, and feudalism destroyed liberty; this newly discovered country offered an asylum to oppressed humanity, and an extensive field to enterprising genius. It was seized with eagerness by our ancestors, who were weary with servitude, and charmed with adventurous life. The scenery of a wild country enlivened their native attachment to liberty; the activity of enterprise invigorated their faculties; the habits and pursuits of infant society improved their morals, and simplified their manners. They were habitually animated with independent feeling; and could not submit to an arbitrary power. At a favorable conjuncture, their concealed temper and genius were aroused into effectual resistance by irritating encroachment on their rights. Statesmen immediately arose from obscurity of private life, to enlighten the mind, regulate the feelings, and direct the energies of the people. The tenants of rural fields, the inhabitants of cities, relinquished agricultural and commercial employments, and rallied around the standard of their country. Community of danger united, necessity disciplined, despair armed, and liberty inspired them. The brave people, who were struggling to repel invasive hostility from their country, were presented with a chief, whose corporeal vigor military toil could not weaken; whose deliberate valor danger could not intimidate; whose temperate firmness prosperity could not elate, nor misfortune depress; whose penetrating mind artifice could not deceive, nor stubborn surprise; whose active spirit and discerning wisdom no successful enterprise, or prudent measure could escape; whose ambition was patriotic: and genius, martial and pacific. This consummate soldier conducted a feeble band of undisciplined warriors against veteran legions, and planted the standard of liberty on the ruin of the enemy.
At the close of the revolution, a concurrence of favorable circumstances facilitated the establishment of republican government. From common misfortunes of revolutionary states, our rising nation was preserved. Love of liberty had been animated, and feelings of social attachment enlivened, by the difficulties of an oppressive war. The patriotic leaders of the state had no other view, than its independence; and the people, no other objects, than security and freedom. The nation was happily unconnected with the world. No jealous or ambitious neighbor endangered her tranquility, no aspiring citizen disturbed her deliberations. The liberal views of political philosophy, which her enlightened statesmen entertained, corresponded with the feelings and habits of the people. These advantages assisted by the wisdom and benevolence of nature, who seems to have tempered the climate, prepared the soil, and divided the territory for Republics. The local situation of a people has powerful influence on their political institutions. If our soil, by profuse fertility, had cherished indolence, or discouraged labor, by sterility; if the climate, by intemperate warmth, had produced enfeebling lassitude, or by cold severity a torpidity of mind; the genius of liberty would have continued her flight to a happier region.
The American people instituted government under the smiles of those auspicious circumstances. Their political invention is admirable for simplicity and wisdom. Love of happiness is the ruling passion of mankind, who would pursue it with undeviating rectitude, if governed by instinctive justice or benevolence. But human nature is incapable of such sublime and extensive virtue. Self love overleaps the boundaries of justice, and requires the restraining arm of authority. Nature prescribes no limits to the pursuit of happiness, but the rules of social justice. To define those rules, for the re-
gulation of civil conduct, is the object of government. But that power cannot be committed, with safety, to the discretionary virtue of independent rulers. It is necessary that popular views of justice and utility, in some degree, influence the civil authorities. The people will never restrict the pursuit of happiness, nor extend its limits, unwisely; while common welfare requires the adoption of expedient laws. These principles are true in theory, and our fathers esteemed them too just, to be false in practice. To protect weakness from violence, to place poverty on political equality with wealth, render constrained obedience consistent with freedom, and secure the happiness of all, they established a Republican Government. To strengthen their system, and avoid the dangers of too extensive or confined dominion, they adopted the federate principle; whose operative force is unlimited, and encreases, like the power of gravity, with the accumulating body.
It was reserved for the inventive genius of America to contrive a government, which operates with mildness and benignity on its subjects, with formidable power on its enemies. A splendid and important spectacle has been exhibited to the world. A great nation has vindicated the rights and dignity of man, removed oppressive impediments from the liberty of action, and raised humanity from political degradation. The spirit of philosophy has seen, with delight, that its theory of a primeive convention and derivation of authority from the agreement of mankind, is not a dream of speculation. The severe politicians, who had pronounced freedom inconsistent with civil security, have seen a government instituted on principles of rational liberty. Princes, who had claimed proprietary interest in their people, and despised plebian meanness, have been astonished with the miracle of popular sovereignty. The people of Europe have been surprised with a magnificent display of political wisdom in a wilderness, where art had scarcely subdued the rudeness of nature, or civilization diffused its beams.
We are considered a nation of political theorists by the world. The fortunate result of our experiment embraces the happiness and virtue of mankind. If, with distinguished advantages, the American people are unfit to be free, liberty may suit angels, but not men. If futurity prove our institutions too theoretic, and incompetent to restrain the violence of passion, humanity must deplore its feeble virtue, and submit to the disgraceful misery of servitude. But if experience demonstrate the practical usefulness of our policy, the liberty of civilized man will be recovered, and his awakened spirit will subvert the mountains of oppression, which ages have accumulated.
It is unfortunate for mankind, that the peculiar excellence and danger of representative government proceed from the same principle. The sovereignty of the popular will is the distinguishing merit of republican policy; but its liability to corruption and error may render it an improper depository of power. The general will, however, is never incorrect, unless the public mind is corrupted or deceived. It is, therefore, infinitely important to enlighten the understanding, purify the morals, and improve the manners of a free people. The machine of government is moved and regulated by their virtue and intelligence. Its members are disordered, and their operation obstructed, when those principles are defective. The laws may define rules of conduct and limits of authority; the people, for a time, may repress disobedience, prevent encroachment, and repel the assailing violence of foreign power; but can never resist the slow and silent ruin of ignorance and vice. When a free people are unacquainted with the principles of government, with the tendency and effect of measures; the civil authorities may transcend their power, or be impeded in its exercise. The rulers of a republic mingle with the popular mass, and participate its feeling and opinion. They are responsible to the public, dependent on its favor, and will be submissive to its pleasure. If incorrect ideas of political expediency are prevalent, they will operate in every department of government. The executive arm will obey, and the legislative voice reiterate, prevailing error. When an ignorant people direct the conduct of their rulers, by undue exercise of electoral influence, the powers of government are effectively revoked, and administered by popular folly. If, on the other hand, they place unlimited confidence in favorite rulers, the vital principle of republicanism is extinguished, and the general will has merely nominal sovereignty. Unanimity and correctness
of sentiment are important in republic, but never exist in unenlightened communities. To produce dissention and circulate falsehood are the objects of many; to examine freely is the privilege of all; but to judge correctly the ability of law. The popular eloquence, the artifice of aspiring men, playing on the credulity and ignorance of the people, disseminate error, create disunion and inflame dissention. The wisdom of the legislature, the unpolliuted justice of the magistrate, and prudent activity of the executive, are examined with senseless rigor, and condemned with misguided resentment. Unprincipled ambition, bending submissively to the people to enslave them, proclaims that the republic is endangered by the prodigality or ambition of its rulers. Ignorance listens to the false alarm—passion rises to vindicate liberty, but destroys it in the conflict. Does freedom impel her votaries in this mad career? No, ignorance, her inveterate enemy, has inspired them with turbulence and folly. If you would preserve a republic, enlighten it. Employ every vehicle of information; multiply seminaries of learning, and distribute advantages of knowledge. When the people are instructed in the principles of government and policy, their judgment is invariably right. They entrust authority with wise and virtuous men; consider the laws inviolable contracts; and their observance, the perfection of equality and freedom. The degree of political illumination which would regulate the public will, may be easily produced. Republican government is extremely favorable to the cultivation of useful knowledge. The objects of pursuit are various and extensive; advantages of wealth and honor, attainable by all; and intellectual superiority, a powerful mean of advancement. The mind is animated by prospect of reward, and its faculties improved by emulous exertion. Genius is stimulated to bold, unwearied endeavor; learning pursues its luminous, unrestrained enquiry; eloquence has all subjects to examine, every citizen to enlighten and persuade. Science, with the attendant arts, has been moving, for ages, in a slow, brilliant, wandering journey from the east. While our institutions require her enlightening presence, let us hasten her arrival; prepare temples and ministers for her service, and invite her to the society and friendship of liberty.
It must be remembered that virtue is the principle of free government; and is no less essential, than intelligence, to republican character. The system of policy which gives freedom to individual conduct, and commits the delegation of office to the people, is founded on a presumption of their virtue. Voluntary obedience must increase with the diminution of coercive power; wisdom and purity of choice, with the extended limits of election. But a republic will inevitably fall if the citizens violate municipal justice, or improperly exercise the elective privilege. It is necessary to counteract inducements to disobedience and corruption with moral and patriotic principles. The desire of happiness must be regulated by virtue, or refined into a feeling of patriotism. The principles of right are more accurately defined by the feelings of mankind, than in the volumes of legislators. Virtuous sentiment operates more effectually on the passions, than the rigor and solemnities of justice. Patriotism preserves its ardent, inflexible attachment to the state, when the seal of national pride and the courage of discipline have failed. To inspire a people with republican virtues it is necessary to enlarge their conceptions of utility. When they perceive that the exercise of suffrage is an alienation of their sovereignty; that the power, prosperity and misfortunes of the state are distributed among its members; that the concerns of peace require their collective attention, and the dangers of war their united resistance; that the republic will be subverted if the laws be disregarded, but powerful, tranquil and happy if they be respected; they will then see the necessity and usefulness of virtue, the correspondence of private with public welfare, and the desire of happiness will receive a virtuous, noble and patriotic direction. To defend the state, and respect its authorities, will be the resolution of all; for the people and the republic are the same. Will it be said, these principles are too theoretic; the mass of mankind, the miserable vulgar, are incapable of speculative refinement? This may be unfortunately true. But if they are not so unalterably stupid or perverse, as to resist the influence of early discipline, education may perform the office of reason, and make them virtuous and patriotic by habit. Observe the savage, who seizes pleasure with passionate eagerness, and has no principle of conduct but ungovernable feeling. View
the civilized man, who restrains the freedom of action within limits of propriety, and submits to the feeble authority of custom. Early discipline established its dominion when the infant passions were unable to resist. Is it impossible to extend the refinement—to create a system of virtuous and patriotic education? Ancient republicans displayed a devotion to their country, which was sometimes stronger than the feelings of nature. It contrived the partiality of friendship, and tenderness of parental attachment; suspended the love of indolence and pleasure, and dissipated the alarms of danger and death. To live for the republic was the desire of peace, to die for its glory the passion of war. Is this eminence of virtue unattainable by modern republicans? Was there any imitable peculiarity in the ancient system of education and policy? If reason and discipline, however, be disregarded by a citizen, he may respect the authority of public opinion. The man whose limited understanding cannot include extensive views of utility; whose frail virtue would yield to seducing vice, whose feeble patriotism cannot delight in general welfare, may tremble at public inquisition and contempt. While there is dependency in civil employments, and social intercourse is conducive to felicity, public opinion will be the sun of our social system, and private inclination will obediently revolve around it. It will shed on character the light of impartial truth, and merit will be brilliant in its beams. But it is important that the public mind be preserved from incorrect ideas of freedom and equality, and public manners from extravagance and luxury. When the love of liberty becomes a political passion, it inclines too strongly to licentious irregularity. If civil liberty be derived from the protection of authorities, constituted by the general will, no one can resist the laws without assailing the principle of security and freedom. But when the people are deluded with chimerical notions of liberty, the rules and administration of justice are esteemed oppressive. The legislature may ordain expedient regulations, but the magistrate can never enforce them, if delinquency obtain relief from the protecting sympathy of the public. When the civil powers are so unwisely resisted; when the people reject municipal restraints, wild disorder will prevail, and real liberty be destroyed.
Nothing is so pleasing to republican temper as equality; but the popular conception of its nature is sometimes inimical to its existence. If it consist in the uniform operation of laws, which create no particular disability or privilege, it does not annihilate civil distinction, or require even distribution of wealth and honor. If a free people be delighted with visionary notions of equality, wisdom and virtue will be objects of odium, and insurmountable obstacles to civil and military advancement. Genius and integrity will flee, or be driven from employment. Cowardice, or thoughtless courage, will lead the national armies to disgrace and ruin. Stupidity will sleep, passion redden on the tribunals of justice; and folly, in official robes, vociferate the praises of ignorance, the danger and utility of knowledge. To preserve an appearance of equality, inferior classes of society will assume the indolent leisure and expensive habits of opulence. To avoid plebian encroachment, the affluent will redouble the splendor of parade and extravagance of luxury. The absurd contention will terminate in corruption of manners, venality of suffrage, and violation of laws. Liberty never resided among a poor indolent, expensive commonality; a proud, incapable, indigent aristocracy; for the society of villainy and madness is incompatible with the purity of her nature.
Extravagance and luxury are inconsistent with republican manners. In proportion to the number of desires are our labor and solicitude to indulge them. If a republican be devoted to this selfish employment, patriotic feeling will be extinguished; and if he pursue it with iniquity virtue and the laws will perish. No man can be a good citizen who labors with unceasing toil to accumulate riches; regrets the departure of expended opulence; or contrives expedients to enjoy the ease of indolence and delights of luxury, without corresponding affluence. The features of republican character, are firmness, simplicity and temperance. A timid, sensual, wavering being, is incapable of the dignity and virtue of a freeman. To him who wishes to repose in indolence, or languish with voluptuous pleasure, liberty is of little importance; but the activity & plainness of republican manners, are more intolerable than servitude. When the Romans became wealthy and luxurious, their republican manners, liberty, and patriot-

...The wonderful people who have subdued the world, at last submitted to a seductive philosopher. Rome was the mistress of nations, and Epicuri-
The excellence of your government has been displayed, and its dangers exhibited. Cultivate political knowledge and virtue; preserve equality and freedom, but avoid licentiousness; gather wealth from your fertile soil, but dash the chalice of luxu-
Your fathers constructed an extensive edifice, whose beauty and convenience are much admired, but whose perishable nature is lamented by the world. Endeavor to preserve it from decay, and protect it from storms of violence.
Captain Peck, from Guadalupe, informs that the commandant-general had made a requisition of four negroes from each plantation on the island, as a reinforcement, in the expectation of an immediate attack by the British.
[N. T. Merc. Adv]
A letter from Martinique, dated January 25th, says, "A body of the principal French merchants of this place have petitioned the government not to allow Americans, or foreigners of any description, to transact business here, unless through a French commission-merchant.
[Ibid]
From the National Intelligencer.
Argument of Mr. HARPER in the case of Messrs. Bothman and Swartwout.
[CONCLUDED.]
Can it be believed, may it please your honors, that the authors of our constitution and laws intended to leave the first and greatest of the privileges of freemen, thus dependent on the caprices of power, and the bare complaisance of expectants of office?
Let me ask, in the next place, what stubborn maxim of law, what binding authority, requires the admission of a principle so repugnant to all our feelings and to the spirit of our constitution?
Is it because the circuit court has competent jurisdiction to commit? This cannot be the reason, for every justice of the peace has competent jurisdiction to commit, and the reason, therefore, if it existed, would destroy the whole effect of the writ of habeas corpus.
Is it because the circuit court has competent jurisdiction to try the offence? This
cannot be the reason; for in Bushell's case, formerly cited from 3 Wilson 175, it appears that a commitment by the sessions at the Old Bailey, a criminal court of very high authority, which had jurisdiction over the offence, did not prevent the court of common pleas from relieving by habeas corpus.
So also by the Forrest laws in England, in former times, the judge of the Forrest had jurisdiction, for the punishment of offences within the Forrest; and yet it appears from 2 Institute 290, that a person committed by the judge of the Forrest, for such an offence, might be relieved by habeas corpus, from the superior courts.
It is well known, too, that by the laws of England the king has power to erect courts, by special commission, with power to try and punish offences.
Is it because the circuit court is a court of record? So is the court of Pie Povers. But can it be imagined that if the court of Pie Povers were to commit a man in England, the power of relieving by habeas corpus, from the superior courts, would be thereby taken away?
This power moreover has been shown to be appellate; and it is of the very essence of appellate power, to review the decisions of inferior courts of record.
Between superior courts of record of equal authority and co-ordinate rank, there may be, and may properly be, a comity observed, which would prevent them from attempting to interfere with the decision of each other.
But the point, may it please your honors for which I contend, does not rest on general reasoning alone, however strong. It has been expressly adjudged by this court.
Here again I claim for my client the benefit of this decision. I again appeal to the great maxim "stare decisis."
BY THIS DAY'S MAIL.
NEW YORK, Feb. 19.
The last sailing ship Oliver Elsworth, whose arrival at the Hook we noticed on Tuesday, came up last evening after a passage of 27 days from Liverpool.
Our advices from the continent are not so late by several days as we had previously received by the Emmeline from Bordeaux.
But these papers have enabled us to announce officially the important intelligence that a treaty of amity, commerce and navigation between the United States and Great Britain was signed on the last day of December.
Insurance on American vessels had fallen to 3 guineas per cent.
The account of the recapture of Buenos Ayres had reached London, but had not been officially communicated to the government.
Mor. Adv.
LONDON, January 1.
The resources of the Danish government, the confidence which it reposes in the loyalty and attachment of the people, furnished strong grounds of hope that the Danes would display a spirit equal to that which distinguishes the Swedes;
The latest intelligence from that country tended to strengthen these expectations — for it was stated that Denmark was arming extensively by land and sea; and it was natural to suppose that these preparations were the result of the violent conduct of the enemy towards those states, that could not defend themselves.
January 3.
We congratulate our commercial readers on the adjustment of the differences between Great Britain and America.
Downing-Street, Jan. 1, 1807.
Sir — I have the honor of acquainting you, for the information of the merchants concerned in the trade with America, that the treaty of amity, commerce and navigation, between his majesty and the United States of America, was yesterday signed by the commissioners respectively appointed for the purpose by the two governments.
HOWICK.
To Philip Sansom, Esq. chairman of the Committee.
The very important terms of this arrangement we are no otherwise acquainted with than from report, but we understand that the circuitous trade with the belligerent powers, through America, was to be allowed under certain conditions.
Port of Alexandria.
ARRIVED,
Brig Economy, Smith, Pawtuxet
Grame, Carleton, Newburyport
George Washington, Sheldon, Providence
CLEARED,
Ship Charles, Burnet, Hull (England)
by John and Thomas Vowell
United States, Coleman, Barbadoes
The schooner Caroline, of this port, has arrived at New Orleans from Jamaica.
PUBLIC SALE.
TO-MORROW, at 4 o'clock in the afternoon, will be sold, on Ramsay's wharf, 1250 bushels St. Ubes & Cadiz Salt—and 100 bbls. Tar, on a credit.
Philip G. Marseller.
Feb. 23.
Public Sale.
At 10 o'clock, on SATURDAY, the 7th of March, if fair; if not, the next fair day; will be sold, at the late dwelling of Henry Zimmerman, deceased,
All the personal Property of the said deceased; consisting of one Negro Man, two Negro Women, four valuable Horses, and a variety of Household and Kitchen Furniture.
John Zimmerman, Ex'r.
February 25.
CASH will be given for a few likely young Negroes, of both sexes; if immediate application be made at the Indian-Queen tavern.
February 25.
A TANNERY.
FOR SALE OR RENT,
A TANNERY, with convenient improvements thereon, in the town of Center-ville. Apply to Mr. Daniel Harrington at the premises, or to the subscriber in Alexandria.
JOHN G. LADD.
February 23.
FOR SALE,
On board the brig Augusta, from Lisbon, now laying at Hartshorne's wharf, 2300 bushels Salt. 26 quarter casks Lisbon Wine. 28 boxes Lemons. 10 boxes fresh Oranges. 8 nests Baskets.
For terms Apply to the Master on board. February 25.
PUBLIC SALE.
TO BE SOLD, on the premises, on MONDAY, the 6th day of April next,
The Lots of Ground, with the Improvements, now occupied by Mr. Hugh Smith, together with the whole remaining part of the said two Lots, containing half a square, save 42 feet 6 inches on Royal, and 112 feet on Queen-street, deeded to and now in the occupation of John Mandeville.
February 25.

Richard Lee & Son, Sensible of the many favors conferred by permission to return them their sincere acknowledgments, and solicit them for a continuance of the same.
As all the efforts of Hannah Lee and her colleagues to ruin our characters and injure the reputation of our medicines, have proved abortive, we should think it degrading to ourselves and insulting to the public to pursue the contest into which we have been reluctantly dragged. Here we will drop the subject, leave her to enjoy the consolation her vapid Billingsgate language in her last advertisement is capable of affording, and simply ask those who may have occasion to purchase medicines of the following description, to give ours a trial, under a full confidence that every new trial will corroborate the long established public opinion of their being genuine.
THE FOLLOWING MEDICINES SOLD BY NICHOLAS HINGSTON, At his China, Glass, Queen's-Ware and Seed Store, Fairfax street, facing Messrs. Rickett's and Newton's. Each article has on the outside wrapper, the signature of Richard Lee and Son, Without which none are genuine.
Lee's Worm-destroying Lozenges. This medicine, which is as innocent & mild as it is certain and efficacious in its operation, cannot injure the youngest infant, should no worms exist in the body; but will, without pain or griping, cleanse the stomach and bowels of whatever is foul or offensive, and thereby prevent the production of worms and many fatal disorders.
From the many cases of cures that daily come to our knowledge, we have selected the following: Messrs. Richard Lee & Son, You are at liberty to publish the astonishing cure performed by your Lozenges on my son, 10 years old, who was afflicted with fevers, pain in his side, and a continual head-ache, which reduced him so low that he was unable to sit up. One of my neighbors advised me to use your Lozenges, which has had the happy effect of restoring him to a better state of health than he has enjoyed for several years, in the short space of seventeen days. JOHN KELLEY, Pitt-street.
Messrs. Richard Lee & Son, My son, five years old, has for some time past been very unhealthy, having fevers, head-ache, and loss of appetite. Hearing of the many cures performed by your Worm Lozenges, I was induced to give them a trial. The effect was beyond my expectation, as a large quantity of small worms was expelled; hundreds of them were alive for some time after. JOHN KENNEDY, Potter-street, Baltimore, Jan. 4th, 1807.
For the prevention and cure of Bilious & Malignant Fevers, is recommended Lee's Anti-bilious Pills, Prepared by Richard Lee & Son, Baltimore. The operation of these Pills is perfectly mild, so as to be used with safety by persons in every situation, and of every age.
Messrs. Richard Lee & Son, The high opinion I have of your Bilious Pills, and a desire to make known their utility for the benefit of mankind, I wish you to publish the following: For two months past, I have been afflicted with a violent sickness at the stomach, an inclination to vomit, and loss of appetite—by taking two doses of your pills, I am restored to a perfect state of health—which induced my wife to try them also, which was attended with the same good effects, being now able to attend to her domestic concerns: in my opinion, this medicine is unequalled in stomach and bowel complaints, not being attended with that griping pain, common to other remedies. JOHN SCOTT, Delaney-street, near Columbia Garden.
LEE'S ELIXIR, A sovereign remedy for colds, obstinate coughs, catarrh's asthma, sore throats, and approaching consumptions.
Lee's Grand Restorative, Proved by long and extensive experience to be absolutely unparalleled in the cure of nervous disorders, consumptions, lowness of spirits, loss of appetite, impurity of blood, hysterical affections, inward weaknesses, violent cramps in the stomach and back, indigestion, melancholy, gout in the stomach, pains in the limbs, relaxations, involuntary emissions, obdurate glects, flour albus (or whites) impotency, barrenness, &c.
Infallible Ague and Fever Drops, For the cure of Agues, remittent and intermitting Fevers. Lee's genuine Essence and Extract of Mustard. A safe and effectual remedy for acute and
chronic rheumatism, gout, palsy, lumbago, numbness, white swellings, chilblains, sprains, bruises, pains in the face and neck, &c.
Lee's Sovereign Ointment for the Itch,
Which is warranted an infallible remedy at one application, and may be used with the most perfect safety by pregnant women, or on infants a week old, not containing a particle of mercury or any dangerous ingredient whatever.
Lee's Genuine Eye-Water, A sovereign remedy for all diseases of the eyes, whether the effect of natural weakness or accident.
Lee's Genuine Persian Lotion. LEE'S DAMASK LIP SALVE. TOOTH ACHE DROPS,
The only remedy yet discovered which gives immediate and lasting relief in the most severe instances.
THE ANODYNE ELIXIR, For the cure of all kinds of head-ache.
Restorative Powder for the Teeth & Gums The Indian Vegetable Specific, For the cure of Venereal complaints. January 21
TO BE RENTED, For the ensuing season, A valuable FISHERY on Great Hunting Creek. J. H. HOOE, January 3. 2aw4t
Thomas Reed & James O'Hy, Painters and Glaziers,
HAVE commenced business in the above line, in Prince-street, nearly opposite the bank of Potomac, where they intend to keep the best of PAINTS, and every thing else in their line. Any orders, either in town or from the country, will be duly attended to, and executed on as reasonable terms as any in this place. February 19. eo3t—1aw4t*
Coach-Making. REA AND TAYLOR, LATE of NEW-YORK, Respectfully inform their Friends and the Public,
THAT they have commenced the above business at the shop formerly occupied by W. T. Peck, in Royal-street, near Cadsby's hotel, where they propose carrying it on in all its various branches, on the most reasonable terms, for cash. They flatter themselves the experience they have acquired in the principal cities in the United States, will secure them public patronage, which will be thankfully received and punctually attended to. February 2. eo
TO RENT, A CONVENIENT two-storied FRAMING HOUSE lately occupied by Mark Butts situated in Duke, between Water and Union streets, next door to Thomas Preston's. Apply to Mark Butts, or Thomas Preston. January 7. eo
FOR SALE, A WELL finished three story BRICK HOUSE and LOT, on King-street, the most commercial street in town and in the center of it.
A well finished two story Brick House and Lot, on Duke-street, near the river. A Lot of Ground a short mile above town, containing five and one eighth acres, near the river.
Twelve hundred and eighty acres of military Land, in the state of Tennessee, on Obey's river, a branch of the Cumberland river. A tract of Land containing 510 acres, in Greenbrier county, Virginia.
Also, a very convenient and well finished Brick House and Lot, in George-Town, with Brick Stable, Coach House, &c.
Also, a two story Frame House and Lot, in George-Town, and Bake House—the lot is 38 feet 4 inches front and 107 feet deep.—A part payment will be expected down, and a liberal credit given for the balance.
If the George-Town property is not sold by private sale, it will be offered at public sale, on the first Monday in May next. Samuel Craig. January 22. 2aw
Night School.
The subscriber returns his grateful thanks to his friends and patrons, for their past favors and liberality towards him; and begs leave respectfully to inform them, and the inhabitants of Alexandria generally, that he will commence his NIGHT SCHOOL on Monday the 22d instant, at his Academy in Prince-street.
Young gentlemen, desirous of becoming acquainted with the arts of Surveying, Navigation, use of the Globes, or any of the different branches of the Mathematics, will meet with due attention from William Slade. September 29. 2aw
Rappahannock Mills, &c.
THE subscriber would lease or rent, that valuable property, called "HUNTER'S WORKS," consisting of a Manufacturing Mill, (late in the occupancy of Messrs. Cooch and Hollingsworths) having two water wheels, with four pair burr stones, and all necessary machinery—a good Grist Mill, Saw Mill, and houses suitable for millers, coopers, & blacksmith's. At this place are the walls and remains of a forge and slitting mill, formerly carried on, the sites of which, and others in the same canal, are excellent for water works of various kinds. This property is on the north edge of the Rappahannock, within two miles of Fredericksburg and one of Falmouth, has peculiar advantages of water, and is well situated for the purchase of wheat, now the staple of the country, and of the last crop a large proportion yet to come to market.
Also, a valuable MANUFACTURING MILL, with two water wheels, two pair of stones, and the usual machinery, situated on the same edge of the river, within half a mile of Falmouth, having a convenient and comfortable miller's house attached to it, and a canal which now affords water communication from Falmouth to the mill door, and at the expence of only three or four hundred dollars may be extended to the doors of the forge mills—Or, I will sell the whole of the above Property, under stipulations, for the benefit of contiguous property, but no way injurious to this, and give credit seven years if necessary, for three fourths of the amount, and accommodating time for the other fourth. Robert Dunbar. January 26. 2aw6w
Valuable Property for Sale.
Pursuant to a decree of the circuit court for the district of Columbia, held at Alexandria, and the last will of Benjamin Shreve, deceased; his executors offer for sale, THAT Valuable Property at the corner of King and Fairfax-streets, part of which is occupied by Charles Bennett. The lot extends 40 feet on King and 70 feet on Fairfax-street, is subject to a rent charge of 50 dollars per annum.
To those who are desirous, either of securing a good stand for business, or vesting their money in real estate, this is a most inviting piece of property. A small part of the money will be required in hand, or in an approved note at 60 days—on the balance a liberal credit will be given. For terms apply to either of the executors or to Benjamin Shreve. William Paton, } Ex'rs. Edward Stabler, } John Janney, } November 28. 2aw
20 Dollars Reward.
RAN AWAY from the subscriber living in Prince William County, near Hay Market, on the first of January, a negro man named Windsor, about 38 or 39 years of age; 5 feet 9 or 10 inches high; has a down look when spoken to; one of his hands has been burnt on the top nearly over, and its white and scurfy—had on when he went away a suit of soldier's cloth; but it is like he will change his clothes as he had money when he went away and perhaps change his name.—Ten dollars will be paid if taken in the county & bro't home, if taken out of the county and brought home, the above reward, or, secured in any jail so that I get him again. James Wyatt, fen. February 9. 1aw4t*
This is to give Notice,
THAT the subscribers, of Alexandria county, in the district of Columbia, have obtained from the Orphans' Court of said county, letters testamentary on the estate of Davey Davey , late of the county aforesaid, deceased—all persons having claims against the said deceased are hereby warned to exhibit them with the vouchers thereof to the subscribers on or before the 21st day of July next ensuing, or they may by law be excluded from all benefit to said estate—and all persons indebted thereto are requested to make immediate payment.—Given under our hands this 21st day of January, 1807. Elizabeth Davey, Exec'x. John Korn, Executor. January 21. 2aw6w
This is to give Notice,
THAT the subscribers, of Fairfax county, in the state of Virginia, have obtained from the Orphans' court of Alexandria county, in the district of Columbia, letters of administration on the personal estate of Henry Zimmerman , late of the county first aforesaid, deceased: ALL PERSONS having claims against the said deceased, are hereby warned to exhibit them with the vouchers thereof, to the subscribers, on or before the 28th day of July next ensuing, or they may by law be excluded from all benefit to said estate—And those indebted thereto are requested to make immediate payment.—Given under our hands this 28th January, 1807. Eliza Zimmerman, Adm'x. John Zimmerman, Adm'r. January 30. 2aw6w
Just Received and for Sale,
By the Subscribers, A choice cargo of MAHOGANY, From the Bay of Honduras, of different lengths and sizes, which they will sell by the log or larger quantity.
They have also for Sale, Sugar in hogsheads London particular Madeira Wine, Catalonia ditto, by the quarter cask Virginia Rum, of excellent quality Molasses by the hogshead Liverpool Steved Salt And Logwood. Nathanial Wattles & Co. January 26. 2aw
PUBLIC SALE.
BY virtue of a deed of trust from General HENRY LEE, for securing to WILLIAM LUDWELL LEE, deceased, the payment of a debt of sixteen thousand six hundred and sixty-six dollars and sixty-six cents, with interest thereon from the 17th day of April, 1758, and upon the request of the legal representatives of the said WILLIAM LUDWELL LEE, deceased, I shall sell at public auction, to the highest bidder, the following
Tracts of Land,
At the periods hereafter mentioned—that is to say— One tract of land, lying in Westmoreland county, called "Bolle's Marsh," containing, as mentioned in the said deed, two thousand eight hundred acres or thereabouts—and
One other Tract of Land, called "Black Grounds," containing eleven hundred acres, more or less, in Westmoreland county—at Westmoreland Court-House, on the 23d day of March next, being court day:—
One other Tract of Land, stated to contain sixteen hundred acres, called "Lufaloe Marsh," lying in the county of Frederick, together with a moiety of the Mill upon the said tract—at Winchester, on the 4th day of May next:—
And all the Right, Title, Interest or Claim of the said HENRY LEE and WIFE, to five hundred acres, lying in Fairfax county, at the mouth of Difficult Run, on the west side thereof, at or near the great falls of Potomac—at Fairfax Court-House, on the 18th day of May next.
It is expected that persons wishing to purchase either of the above tracts, will previously view the same. Bushrod Washington, TRUSTEE. January 30. 2aw
Land for Sale.
THE subscriber wishes to sell about fifteen and an half acres of Land, within half a mile of Alexandria, situate on the south side of the lane leading from Mr. Hodgson's dwelling to the poor house, and directly opposite that building. Although this property from its situation must soon become valuable, it will be sold low for cash, or good negotiable paper at ninety, one hundred and eighty, and two hundred and seventy days. Apply to JAMES IRVIN, or myself Robert Adam. January 20. eof
This is to give Notice,
THAT the subscriber, of Alexandria county, in the district of Columbia, hath obtained from the Orphans' Court of said county letters of administration on the personal estate of Alexander Latimer , late of the county aforesaid, deceased; all persons having claims against the said deceased, are hereby warned to exhibit them with the vouchers thereof to the subscriber, on or before the 21st day of July next ensuing, or they may by law be excluded from all benefit to said estate—and those indebted thereto, are requested to make immediate payment.—Given under my hand this 21st day of January, 1807. Mercy Latimer, Adm'x. January 21. 2aw6w
FOR SALE
Mould Candles of a superior quality in small boxes suitable for private families. 8 by 10 and 10 by 12 Widow Glass of the Baltimore manufactory. Patent Castings and Teakettles, Bucellos and Carcavella Wines. By ROBERT T. HOOE & Co. Feb. 4. 2aw4w
For Sale,
BETWEEN three and four hundred acres of PRIME LAND, lying on the new turnpike road, about 22 miles from Alexandria. This tract is well watered, well timbered, with some excellent meadow on it, and much more may be made—One hundred acres are in wood. Apply for terms to Cuthbert Powell , Alexandria, or the subscriber near the premises, Fairfax county, Virginia. Richard Bland Lee. February 15. 1aw9t
PRINTED DAILY BY SAMUEL SNOWDEN.