The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1809-07-21 00:00:00

The Enquirer.
VOL. 6.]
RICHMOND, FRIDAY, JULY 21, 1809.
[No. 21.]
PUBLISHED BY THOMAS RITCHIE; OPPOSITE THE GLOBE TAVERN, AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE.
FIVE DOLLARS REWARD. —Strayed or stolen from the commons of this city some time last month, a Sorrel Mare about 4 feet 8 inches high, switch mane and tail, shod all round, two or three round white spots on each side and a small lump on the back bone occasioned by a hurt from the hind part of a saddle. The above reward will be paid on delivery of the mare to me in this place, or if stolen for delivery of thief and mare fifty dollars will be given.
A VALUABLE SERVANT FOR SALE. —A Negro Woman about twenty years of age, that does not breed, has been well brought up for cooking, washing and ironing, and is excellent in the house, especially among children. Apply at this Office.
War Department, July 8, 1809.
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN:
THAT separate proposals will be received at the Office of the Secretary for the department of War, until 12 o'clock, at noon on Wednesday the 25th of October next, for the supply of all rations that may be required for the use of the United States, from the first day of June 1810 inclusive, to the first day of June 1811, within the states, territories and districts following, viz:
 1st. At Niagara, Detroit, Michilimackinac, Fort Wayne, Chikago and in their immediate vicinities, & at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the territory of Michigan.  2nd. At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the states of Kentucky and Tennessee.  3rd. At Belle Fontaine, Port Osage and Belle Vue and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the state of Ohio, and the Illinois, Indiana and Louisiana territories, except Fort Wayne and Chikago and their immediate vicinities.  4th. At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the Mississippi and Orleans territories.  5th. At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the district of Maine, and state of New Hampshire.  6th. At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the state of Vermont.  7th. At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the state of Massachusetts, the town of Springfield excepted.  8th. At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the states of Connecticut and Rhode Island.  9th. At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the state of New York, Niagara & its dependencies excepted.  10th. At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the state of New Jersey.  11th. At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the state of Pennsylvania.  12th. At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the states of Maryland & Delaware.  13th. At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the state of Virginia.  14th. At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the state of North Carolina.  15th. At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the state of South Carolina.  16th. At Ocmulgee Old Fields, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the limits of the state of Georgia.  17th. Proposals will also be received as aforesaid, for the supply of all rations which may be required by the United States, for the troops which are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the town of Springfield in the state of Massachusetts; and for the armorers and other persons employed in the United States' Armory at that place, from the 1st day of June 1810 inclusive, to the 1st day of June 1811.
A ration to consist of one pound and one quarter of beef, or three quarters of a pound of pork, eighteen ounces of bread or flour, one gill of rum, whiskey or brandy, and at the rate of two quarts of salt, four quarts of vinegar, four pounds of soap, and one pound and a half of candles, to every hundred rations. The prices of the several component parts of the ration shall be specified; but the United States reserve the right of making such alterations in the price of the component parts of the ration aforesaid, as shall make the price of each part thereof bear a just proportion to the proposed price of the whole ration. The rations are to be furnished in such quantities, that there shall at all times, during the term of the proposed contract, be sufficient for the consumption of the troops at Michilimackinac, Detroit & Chikago, for six months in advance; and at each of the other posts on the western waters, for at least three months in advance, of good and wholesome provisions, if the same shall be required. It is also to be permitted to all & every of the commandants of fortified places or posts, to call for, at any time in case of urgency such supplies of like provisions in advance, as in the discretion of the commandant shall be deemed proper.
It is understood that the contractor is to be at the expense and risk of issuing the supplies to the troops, and that all losses sustained by the depredations of an enemy, or by means of the depredations of the United States shall be paid by the United States at the price of the articles captured or destroyed as aforesaid, on the deposition of two or more persons of credible characters, and the certificate of a commissioned officer, stating the circumstances of the loss, & the amount of the articles for which compensation shall be claimed.
The privilege is understood to be reserved to the United States, of requiring that none of the supplies, which may be furnished under any of the proposed contracts, shall be issued, until the supplies which have been or may be furnished under contracts now in force, have been consumed; and that a supply in advance may be always required at any of the fixed posts on the sea-board, or Indian frontier, not exceeding three months.
W. EUSTIS, Secretary for the Department of War.
MANNsfIELD FOR SALE. —The subscribers offer the elegant and highly improved estate called Mannsfeld for sale—It is situated within less than two miles from the Town of Fredericksburg—The quantity of Land proposed to be disposed of is about 1900 acres—The mansion house and out-houses are equal to any in the state. A considerable credit will be allowed, for the greater part of the purchase money. The incumbrances on this property will be discharged out of the proceeds of the Sale, so as to leave to the purchasers an undisputed Title.
MANN PAGE, BENJ. BOTTS.
COLUMBIAN MILLS. —The subscriber informs his friends and the public, that he will purchase WHEAT delivered at the Columbian Mills, or he will receive wheat there to be manufactured on very moderate and advantageous terms to the holders of this article—viz. for every 340 pounds of good merchantable wheat, he will engage to deliver one barrel of good superfine flour, or he will receive wheat at six shillings and six pence per bushel of 60 pounds and deliver superfine flour at six dollars twelve cents, with a small proportion of fine flour at five dollars sixty cents per barrel; all to be inspected and delivered in good order at the mill. The flour made at this mill has always been held in high repute, and it is the intention of the present proprietor to sustain its character. The Corn Mill is in complete order—every attention will be paid to the customers sending their Corn there to be ground on toll at the usual rate.
Good fresh Meal for sale in small or large quantities at very moderate prices for cash. Apply to Mr. Samuel Leech on the premises or to JOHN GRANBURY, Norfolk. Cash given for Corn delivered at the mill.
FOR FREIGHT OR CHARTER. —The fine New Ship VERNON , daily expected at City Point, burthen about 500 bds. For terms apply to Mr. Robert Pollok at Petersburg, or to POLLOK & TREDWAY.
THE different business concerns heretofore existing in this state, under the firms of Buchanan and Pollok at Petersburg, Robert and Allen Pollok at Richmond, and Pollok and Tredway & Co. at Manchester, are this day dissolved by mutual consent. The partner resident at each place, is charged with the collection of the debts due to the concern hitherto under his arrangement, and we earnestly request those indebted to come forward and make satisfactory arrangements for the discharge of their debts. Those having claims against either of the concerns, will please apply accordingly.
DAVID BUCHANAN, by Robert Pollok his atty in fact. ROBERT POLLOK, ALLEN POLLOK, THOS. TREDWAY.
The subscriber having purchased the stock of Goods on hand at this place, will continue business in his own name, and for his own account, at the former residence of Buchanan and Pollok.
ROBERT POLLOK. The subscribers have renewed their connection in business, and mean to prosecute it in this place under the firm of Pollok and Tredway. ROBERT POLLOK, THOMAS TREDWAY.
VIRGINIA. —At a Superior court of Chancery held at the Capitol in Richmond, June 26th 1809. George Fisher, Elizabeth Fisher, Jane Fisher, Bolling Fisher, and Elizabeth Fisher, executrix of Daniel Fisher dec'd vs. Peter Fisher, John Fisher and Edward Fisher, executors of Daniel Fisher, William Stark, James Dennison, Archibald Gracie, Mary Fisher, David Robertson and Richard Smith.
This cause was this day partly heard on the bill, sundry exhibits, and the report of Commissioner Wilder, pursuant to the order of the 25th day of February last, with exceptions thereon by the plaintiffs, but none on the part of the defendants. On consideration whereof the court confirming so much of the said report as states an account of the legacy due to Elizabeth Fisher, and of the Annuity to Jane Fisher two of the plaintiffs, doth adjudge, order & decree, that the defendant John Fisher pay to Elizabeth Fisher, daughter to Daniel Fisher, the elder, deceased, two thousand and thirty three pounds twelve shillings and six pence with interest at the rate of five per centum per annum, on one thousand two hundred and thirty two pounds ten shillings, from the first day of January one thousand eight hundred and nine until payment; and to the said Jane Fisher, another plaintiff, one hundred and ninety pounds with like interest on one hundred and fifty pounds from the same time, unless the said John Fisher, on or before the 10th day of the term next after he shall have been served with a copy of this decree shews, cause to the contrary, and as to the residue of the said report, the court doth recommitt it to Commissioner Wilder, with these instructions, to state specially the amount of the real and personal estate of the testator, including that which hath reverted by the death of the defendant Mary, and how the same hath been disposed of, to state likewise the amount of each debt due to, and from the said estate; and, with respect to Mr. Randolph's debt, to state the original amount, how it was secured, what part hath been paid, how much remains due, and whether the security hath been changed and by whom; to state the advances made to the children of the Testator, by him in his lifetime after they were of age; and those which have been made since his death, and after making the several statements aforesaid, to present the same in one general account, shewing the balance due to and by each legatee, and report the same to the court with any special matters deemed pertinent by himself, or required by the parties to be specially stated. And to enable the Commissioner to perform this order, he is authorized to examine any of the parties in solemn form, for which purpose they are ordered to attend the Commissioner when by him required.
COMMISSIONER'S OFFICE. PETERSBURG, July 5, 1809. THE Parties to the foregoing order are desired to take Notice, that I have appointed Monday the 14th day of August next, to carry the same into effect: On which day they are required to attend at my office, and there to exhibit the proofs necessary to enable me to comply with the directions therein contained. JOSEPH G. WILDER, M.C. eplm
EUROPE.
CONTINUATION Of Extracts from French Papers, received by the Fair American.
[TRANSLATED FOR THE AURORA.]
OFFICIAL PAPERS. Accompanying the report of M. Champagny, Secretary of State, to the Emperor Napoleon.
No. 1.—Letter from the count Champagny, to count de Metternich, Austrian Ambassador at Paris.
"BAYONNE, July 16, 1808.
"MR. AMBASSADOR.
A Polish officer, M. Young, lieutenant of the 2d regiment of Polish Infantry, proceeding to Galicia on family affairs, has been arrested, although he was furnished with a passport in every respect regular. Marshall Davoust has three times applied for his release, to count de Neipperg, colonel commandant of the Austrian frontier in Galicia, reminding him that the passport, delivered to Mr. Young, was such as count Neipperg had desired for any of the military entering Galicia; a compliance which induced the hope that all who should have such passports should be free from interruption or vexation. Those complaints, however, have been inefficacious, and Mr. Young, whose papers have been seized, is still under arrest. I am ordered to require of you, sir, his release.
"It is difficult to make this requisition, without expressing, at the same time, if not complaints, at least regret, at the conduct of the agents of the Austrian government in Galicia, with respect to the duty of Warsaw. The communications become every day more and more difficult; heretofore the subject has been, with great difficulty, overlooked. The supplies destined for the grand duchy have been interrupted; an excessive rigor has been exercised towards all Frenchmen and the lands they occupy—a rigor such as no other strangers experience; and at a time too, when France has adopted every measure calculated to promote not only the external safety, but the internal tranquility of the Austrian provinces. The Austrian government has not experienced the least inquietude respecting the one or the other.
"Can we but be astonished at these new dispositions, & the admission into Trieste of three American vessels, which are so well known to be laden with British merchandise from Malta and England, that no one in that city entertains a doubt on the subject? What are we to think of the noise of war, which originates in Vienna and resounds throughout Germany; of those preparations, which are announced in all the newspapers; of the movements of the troops in Galicia, who are concentrated into a corps d'armee; of similar movements that are announced in Bohemia; in short, what are we to conclude from the levy of a national guard, and at the back of that, the organization of a militia, as if the Austrian monarchy was draining all her resources to strike a great blow, or to secure herself from a great danger? And all this, sir, whilst you know, and your government proclaims, that it is in a state of profound peace; that it is in the most perfect harmony with all its neighbors; that France, in particular, asks nothing, claims nothing belonging to Austria, nor has any present or distant view calculated to excite the least inquietude. Our surprise is such, that it is impossible for me not to express it, although otherwise it would not have been the subject of the present note, which was intended merely to state a particular fact. Can all this, and we are not willing to believe that it does, originate in a spirit of malevolence? But however, we may doubt, it is difficult not to believe that such a spirit governs the conduct of some agents of your government, who suppose they serve their country, by representing its intentions in a different light from that in which we wish to view them.
"I eagerly embrace every opportunity to offer to your excellency, the assurances," &c.
No. 2.—Special letter from the count de Champagny, to his excellency count de Metternich.
"BAYONNE, July 16, 1808.
"SIR COUNT,
And I, also: I wish to converse with you in a confidential manner, as I am flattered by the overtures which you have made for that purpose. The subjoined note, relative to a particular fact, which I am charged to mention to you, affords me an opportunity to express myself relative to the warlike preparations in the Austrian dominions, which are not only announced in all the newspapers, but in the correspondence from all the courts of Germany. Several of those measures are avowed by your government. They are strongly contrasted with the profound state of peace, as well as the intimate union that exists between all the powers of the continent. I have already said something on the subject, without making it the subject of a special note.
"What do you propose by thus disturbing a great part of Germany? If you desire to maintain peace, and we admit no doubt on that point, why those hostile appearances? One of the blessings of peace is the security it confers; and many of the unhappy wars, that have taken place, originated in the preparations made, often without any intention of commencing war, but which excited apprehensions. I offer, sir, these reflections to your good disposition, to the upright and lively desire with which we are both animated, to maintain a perfect harmony between our governments; such a result flowing from our common exertion, would be most flattering to me.
"I pray your excellency to accept, &c."
No. 3.—Letter from Count de Champagny, to M. count de Metternich.
"TOULOUSE, July 27, 1808.
"MR. AMBASSADOR.
A particular affair afforded me an opportunity to address you briefly respecting the military preparations of your government.
But when every day gives them more reality and importance, it is my duty to explain myself to you in a manner more explicit, though confidential, until the emperor shall order me to present an official communication on the subject.
"What does your government desire?—Why does it disturb the tranquility of the continent? It not only arms, but takes such extreme measures, as could only be justified by extreme danger. Your princes traverse the provinces; they call on the people to defend the country; the whole population, between the ages of 18 and 45, are put under arms; one part of the militia is called to reinforce the standing army; every thing is in motion in the Austrian monarchy. Your own people for whose defence you announced the war, are in alarm; your neighbors were alarmed at those preparations. It is every where asked—what does Austria want?—What enemy threatens her? What danger has she perceived? Why does she seem as if she were on the brink of an abyss, and prepare for combat as if her existence were at stake?
"And you know, that far from menacing Austria, we ask nothing but to remain at peace with you, and that you should unite with us against the common enemy; that we make no pretensions to any thing you possess, and that we greatly prize a state of perfect harmony between us. But you must foresee as well as I do, that the preparations of Austria, remarked by all Europe, will have their effects. To this moment the emperor would wish to remain ignorant of them; but notwithstanding, prudence dictates that he should adopt measures of defence. Particularly charged to watch over the safety of the Rhenish confederation, he will find it necessary to be on his guard; he will call on the contingents; and will himself march his troops from the interior towards the Rhine. On all sides we shall be under arms; and in such a state of things a single spark will be sufficient to produce a blaze.
"Does Austria seriously wish for war?—What advantage does she hope for? We are sure she has no aid or countenance to expect from Russia; the aid that England can render, will be very moderate indeed: she will not have an ally on the continent. If she does not intend to make war, why that excessive expence, which drains her finances, which produces such an effect upon her exchange, which threatens the annihilation of her paper credit? Why interrupt the course of her internal prosperity, which begins to be so flourishing? Why give us uneasiness, alarm Europe by the fear of a renewal of the war, and estrange from her the emperor, who will be less disposed to ask her concurrence in the arrangements of Europe? Surely she will not reproach us, if we take a hostile and menacing attitude; it is a barrier that Austria will raise between France and herself, since France has given every proof of a desire to live with her in the most perfect harmony.
"You, sir, value the preservation of that harmony, and you know that it is not less the object of my wishes. Do all you can, that our wishes may be gratified; enlighten your government as to our dispositions, which surely afford no cause for apprehensions; and as to the effects of those measures, which your government is advised to adopt. Those who advised you to adopt them are not your true friends: foes to the repose of Europe, they would plunge their country into a long train of evils. I hope that you will be able to prevent them.
"I should esteem myself very happy, should this letter, which I write to you with a freedom authorized by our particular relations, have the salutary effect of preserving between our governments that happy concord, which their own interests, not less than the interests of Europe, and of humanity, prescribe.
"Accept, &c."
"P. S. Should you, sir, have any doubts of the truth of the facts stated, in this letter, I might appeal, not only to an immense number of the letters of our merchants, which all convey apprehensions of seeing Austria engaged in war, but the official papers published by your government. For example, I refer you to the proclamation circulated at Trieste by the archduke John, and the count de Saurau, in which it was said to the inhabitants of Trieste, that, although they were not bound by the laws, to enrol themselves in the militia, it was nevertheless their duty, as good subjects, to obey the call of their sovereign, when individual and public safety, as well as the tranquility of the hereditary states, required it; and this appeal was made in the same act, in which they were called on to recollect the devotion and fidelity they had often exhibited on former occasions. The remainder of this article related to such measures for discipline and military exercises, as a country invaded would prescribe to its inhabitants as the only means for their defence."
No. 4.—Note from Count de Metternich to Count de Champagny.
"PARIS, July 22, 1808.
"The undersigned has received the note, which his excellency the minister for foreign affairs, did him the honor to address to him, and which was dated the 16th July.
"He hastened to transmit to his court, the demand in favor of Mr. Young, lieutenant of the 2d regiment of Polish Infantry. The fact, that (notwithstanding the regularity of the passports with which that officer was furnished, and which obtained for him admission into Galicia without any difficulty,) he was placed under arrest, unfortunately proves to the undersigned, that it must have been his personal conduct which provoked the interference of the police against him. What that conduct was, the undersigned will, without doubt, hasten to get information of, in order that he may be able to furnish to his excellency M. de Champagny, every explanation relative to that affair. The interest which the court of France takes in the case of this individual, is sufficient in every respect to excite that of his imperial, royal and apostolic majesty.
"The complaints, which appear to have been made in the Duchy of Warsaw, respecting the great difficulty attending different exportations from the Austrian monar-
chy, can, if really some privations have been experienced, only relate to administrative measures, which the undersigned does not hesitate to declare to be general, and to apply to all the countries bordering on the province, where such measures may have been put into execution. He knows too well the chiefs of the instructions given to all the members of the provinces, to admit for a moment the possibility of partial prohibitions or obstacles, being exercised against one or other country but that occupied by the French troops. The government of Galicia, besides, has been for too long a time tested, to be suspected in a moment of peace, of a partiality, that never could be imputed to it, even when the flames of war raged on the greater part of our frontiers, and since the proofs of this fact have been pronounced by the Emperor Napoleon himself.
"The court of Vienna is far from forgetting the measures taken by France, in the Duchy of Warsaw, for establishing tranquility and harmony with its neighbors; and it were desirable, without doubt, that the same views and sentiments were those, exclusively, which influenced all the authorities and people of that new state. But, without attributing more to those last than they deserve, his imperial, royal and apostolic majesty will not cease to instruct the administrations of his provinces, to behave towards all his neighbors with the most exact impartiality; and there is no person employed who ought not, on his side, to take care to enter completely into the views of his court, in interpreting its orders in a sense the most strict in favor of places occupied by French troops.
"The undersigned, being equally eager to call the attention of his court to this subject, embraces the occasion to tender the assurances, &c."
No. 5.—Special letter from Count de Metternich to Count de Champagny.
"PARIS, July 22, 1808.
"Your excellency has done perfect justice to my intentions and principles: of this your last special letter has afforded me a flattering proof, and how can I better repay your confidence than by completely gratifying the wishes you have expressed?
"You require explanations relative to the warlike preparations that are announced, not only in the news-papers, but in the correspondence from all the courts of Germany; respecting the noise of war originating in Vienna and resounding throughout the provinces; in short, respecting the measures which have been for some time past, developed in the interior of the Austrian monarchy. There is not one of those points, on which I am not well informed, or on which I would not willingly express myself: I will not, however, separate them: Our measures of interior administration have no connection with the rumors of war which circulate in Germany and France.
"The Austrian monarchy finds itself in a position entirely different from that, in which those administrative principles are established, according to which it is partly governed. The social institutions have been changed, within the last twenty years, in the greater part of Europe. All the states on this side of the Vistula, the Inn and of Bohemia, have become eminently military; all of them have adopted the principles of a conscription which embraces the whole of the population. The French system of conscription, that institution by which the French empire has been furnished with so many resources, and which the genius of the Emperor has developed and applied, is not only put into execution in two-thirds of the continent, but forms one of the principal foundations of the social compact in the constitutions of several new states, particularly the kingdom of Westphalia. It is also introducing into the Duchy of Warsaw. Bavaria has established a constitution; and the conscription is there extended, contrary to the ideas which to this day govern the old states of Germany, to the whole people. All Italy recruits its armies by conscription.
"Austria is one of the first of the states which has determined to complete its armies by conscription: other countries, such as Hungary, &c. were, and yet are, exempt from it; but it was not, nor is it, extended at this time to even the privileged classes of the German provinces. Those exemptions do not form the only point in which consists the great inferiority of our institution, compared with that of France: ours is attended with imperfections, that there is no remedy for, since above an eighth part of our army returns every year to their homes, as the terms for which they serve expire. Our army was filled in a great part by men who joined it from the old German states of the empire; that source is cut off; and the evil is felt more sensibly in proportion as the new institutions are adopted in the rest of Europe.
"The perfect state of quiet, the tranquil and satisfactory relations existing between Austria and all the powers of the continent, pointed out to her the moment when, after fifteen years of war and agitation, she might at last put into execution, the plans conceived and immediately adopted after the peace of Presburg. She began by a reform the most essential for her internal welfare, and the most urgent, because she did not anticipate any results until, after a lapse of several years, she could operate upon the great mass of her subjects. She wished to be able to replace the troops leaving her armies, by soldiers better prepared for service and more accustomed to the use of arms and the words of command, so incomprehensible to the greater part of the recruits raised amongst the different people. She determined upon the formation of reserves, according to the French institutions, organizing them according to the inferiority of our system of conscription, which she did not wish to abandon entirely. The establishment of reserves was besides recommended from financial considerations: adding to the numbers of such corps as had already attained their military complement, withdrew the people from agriculture and preyed upon the treasury of the state.
"But all the citizens of France and of its confederated states, are liable to be called to arms, without any distinction or exception,

The inhabitants of the cities or of the country are bound to defend their homes. We also wished to admit the proprietors of the soil and the privileged classes of the nation, to exercise that respectable duty; and we have established in the German provinces a sort of stationary national guard. The constitution of Hungary called, at all times, all classes of society to the defence of the country.
"This is what has been done, and the ordinances published in the months of May and June will explain the whole object of my court. No new corps have been raised; no extraordinary assemblage of troops has taken place, except on the frontiers of Turkey, where the war between two neighboring powers calls for it as a measure of security. There is not one in the Austrian monarchy who mistakes either the spirit which actuates the government in taking those measures, or their object. They have the public approbation, because the whole nation regards them as necessary to insure to the country respectable means of defence: and they would accuse the court of an unparadonable neglect, if, in the steps it had taken, it had remained behind those neighbors, who, though to-day in a state of peace, might the next day become its enemies. If some amongst them have been disposed to see, in the reform of ancient institutions, and in measures purely organic, offensive indications, they may be tranquil, for in those measures themselves they will find the certainty of the preservation of peace. No permanent institution can be considered to possess an offensive character: that state must, from its very nature, be confined to temporary efforts; it has no existence whatever with us. The formation of a reserve, to replace soldiers quitting the army, cannot be considered an offensive measure by you, any more than the introduction of a military conscription into the duchy of Warsaw, into Bavaria, and the Confederation of the Rhine, can be so regarded by us. The friendship and interest, which attach Austria to France, the imperious necessity we have for peace, and the known character of our emperor, insure its duration."
"Your excellency has spoken of reports of war, originating in Vienna, and giving uneasiness to a part of Germany. You relieve me from a heavy burden that my mode of thinking (which only attends to reports of this kind, when I am positively compelled to it,) enabled me to sustain for a long time.—No, they do not originate in Vienna, but reports of war have arrived at that place, which agitate as well the public, as the court, which, until now, attached but little credit to them."
"These are; the French corps who begin to re-assemble in Prussia, and who, in part have re-assembled in Silesia, where all the generals, officers, and soldiers, without exception, announce an intended entry into Bohemia; the military of the duchy of Warsaw, who speak of, what they wish to be believed, their anticipated entry into Galicia; the German newspapers, under the control of the confederated states, who do not cease to mention cessions which we are said to demand from France, and of negotiations equally destitute of any foundation or truth. All the reports which his imperial majesty might receive from Paris, would inform him that an early attack upon Austria was spoken of among all classes of the public; spoken of for so long a time, and so directly interrupting the pacific relations between the two courts, that they could not have escaped the vigilance of the government; they would also prove to him my constant anxiety to contradict those false reports. I might furnish proofs of the first of those assertions, from the reports of our military commanders in Bohemia, from those of our civil agents employed on all points of our frontiers, and by letters which I received or which I have seen, from all parts of Germany, all of which have the appearance of correctness respecting the reports circulated by the French and confederate military. The public newspapers above-mentioned and our own, are in the hand of every body."
"It is several months since I contradicted those rumors, since I pledged myself directly to my court for their falsity, and for the pacific views of the emperor Napoleon, an assurance that cannot have been received with incredulity. If a different interpretation had been given to those reports, the measures which we took would have been those of resistance; but they have been confined to an instruction not to be disturbed by the declarations coming from the French army, and to the preservation of the most perfect tranquility in the interior of the monarchy."
"It was at the period when those alarms, the first authors of which were entirely unknown to me, became generally prevalent, that, deprived of all confidential communication with the court, by which I was accredited, I expressed to the minister of general police my expectation that some encouraging articles relative to the relations between France and Austria, would arrive to strengthen the arguments of my court and my own; a step, which, to the great satisfaction of the former, had all the success which I had a right to expect from a French minister. I notice this fact, because it brings to recollection a circumstance, the object of which was to tranquillize the Austrian people, respecting the alarms excited from abroad."
"Your excellency does justice to my court in mentioning its efforts to persuade the whole of Europe, that it is in a state of profound peace, and in perfect harmony with its neighbors; that France in particular demands nothing from it, nor pretends to anything belonging to it, and that it has no view, present or remote, that should give it the least inquietude. Such is really our state of security; such is the conviction that has so long induced us to disregard, what stock-jobbing furnishes to the injury of the state, the rumors generally circulated in places occupied by French troops, and in the states of the confederation of the Rhine. Otherwise I would not have taken a step, which, if your excellency had been at Paris, would have afforded me a new opportunity to prove to you, that the only desire which animates, is that of maintaining the most perfect harmony between our two governments."
"I presume that my note, of this day, relative to the American vessels, will have given all the information that his imperial and Royal majesty desired. I shall hasten to communicate to him, the result of the new inquiry, which the Emperor has directed, and for which the documents have been forwarded from Trieste to Vienna."
"Your excellency will receive, without doubt, a new denunciation respecting a direct intercourse between Austria and England. An English flag of truce is arrived at Trieste: this is a fact, upon which the consul will not be mistaken. Far from hesitating, I am eager to remove confidentially and before hand, the reports which will be
forwarded to Bayonne on this subject. The flag of truce was dispatched by Admiral Collingwood, in consequence of advices received by the commandant of the British forces in the Mediterranean, of the insurrection in Arragon, and of the proclamation of Palafox: it was charged with a single letter, from the admiral to the arch duke Charles; which, referring to what it was supposed his royal highness already knew, respecting that proclamation, offered him a frigate to convey him to Spain. The whole of that mission did not merit an answer; the commander of the flag of truce, was told there was no answer for him, and that he must depart without one."
"Proud of the union, which your excellency has proposed to me, of our efforts to maintain harmony between our courts, that proposition, as well as the importance of the subject itself, must be my excuse for the length of this letter. I will never vary or deviate from my principles; nor change my measures. If the former perfectly accord with those of your excellency with regard to the benefit that would result from a state of peace, towards which all my views extend, I have no merit for the latter. Convinced that my sentiments would be the better understood, if fully explained, I have been anxious to say too much rather than too little."
"I embrace this opportunity with pleasure, to renew, &c." METTERNICH. (Signed)
No. 6.—Letter from Count de Champagny to Count de Metternich.
BORDEAUX, July 30, 1808.
"Mr. AMBASSADOR. "I have received your letter of the 22d July, and as it was not confidential, I conceived that by shewing it to his majesty the Emperor, I should not go beyond your intentions. His majesty appeared to me to be so well satisfied with it, as to induce me to think that he would determine to revoke some defensive measures, such as the armaments of places in Silesia, which he was about to order. But it becomes me to tell you, with freedom, that at the same time that your letter produced this good effect, a very different impression was created by letters received at the same time from Munich, and particularly from Dresden. What grieves us is not so much what is said of your armaments, as the details of the direction given to the public spirit in the Austrian states. On the banks of the Toplitz at Carlsbad, at Egria, nothing is breathed but war. One hopes that this is the moment to commence it with success: another says that the Spanish peasants, excited to a fanatic frenzy by their priests, had destroyed the whole French army in Spain; that the French army in Germany does not, at the utmost, exceed 100,000 men; that, that of Italy is insufficient to suppress a new insurrection in Calabria, and to appease the troubles supposed to exist in Dalmatia and the Ionian Isles."
"It was by fables, such as these, that Prussia was last year induced to adopt a resolution so disastrous for her. The agents of England, who precipitated her into total ruin, have the same employment now in Austria; they wished to drag her into measures, the consequences of which cannot be foreseen; to make her raise armaments so numerous, that she could not sustain the weight of them, and which would bring on a war by the suspicion excited abroad and by the ferment created within. The people are told of dangers awaiting them; they are put into motion, and they will soon be carried by that motion, whithersoever those who have given the impulse, may think proper to direct them. The wisest men in your monarchy, will not be able to resist the torrent. The noise of war imprudently raised, will not in vain resound within and without.—Do you require a proof of the effect? Look at what has taken place at Trieste; see the militia of that city running through the streets, insulting French and Italian travellers, even in the houses; see them assembling to the number of 1,500 men around the French Consul's house, and insulting him by the most outrageous proposals, and in short, renewing the scene exhibited at Vienna in relation to Gen. Bernadotte. Observe the city police, whom I suppose more weak than malevolent, remaining all this time inactive, and in the end endeavoring to extenuate the injuries they did not prevent or repress, much less punish. See how, without intending it, we thus find ourselves on the eve of a war."
"Do you desire another proof? Two French couriers, carrying dispatches to Dalmatia, have been stopped and their dispatches carried off. The Emperor attributes this to nothing but the popular ferment, which your new measures have created."
"Without doubt, sir, Austria had a right to make such a change in her military establishment, as she thought proper; but have such changes ever been made in a time of peace with so much precipitation? Was it necessary, in April, that every thing should be finished by the first July, as if at that time, war was to commence? To put, in a moment, 400,000 men under arms, in addition to the force already composing the standing army; exercise and equip them, as if the danger was imminent and consequently a war inevitable? Could these things be witnessed without suspecting that Austria had some project in contemplation? It is certain, sir, that after such an impulse being given to the public opinion, and the ferment it must produce, if no step of a contrary character should be taken, war will be inevitable: it will take place in opposition to the wishes of the two emperors, of their ministers, and of all the wise men in both nations."
"You tell me, sir, of fears that have been excited by the formation of camps in the countries occupied by French troops: But do you not know that it is the custom of French armies on foreign duty, and that in certain parts of Italy they remain in camp the whole year? Most certainly the emperor would have ordered those camps to be broken up, if he had an idea that they excited uneasiness. But, mark the conduct of the emperor, in other respects. Has he not dismantled the fortresses of Silesia? Has he left a single cannon or grain of corn in one of them? Has he not surrendered Braunau?—Has he taken a single step, that could be considered to originate in hostile views against Austria?"
"You speak of the language or purposes of our soldiery, and what do they avail? Has it not ever been the language of soldiers, of all countries? Do they not consider themselves bound in honor to wish for war, and do they not express hopes of a war because they desire it? If you have any fears, why do you not inform us of them? You have never said a word to me on the subject. At Vienna, not a sentence of the kind has been uttered to general Andreossi."
"Do you wish to be satisfied & at rest with regard to the dispositions of France?—Every assurance you can require shall be given. Do you wish the camps of Silesia to be broken up?—They shall be broken up. Do you wish the orders that have been given to furnish the fortresses of Silesia, to be countermanded?—They shall be revoked. Do you wish the provisioning of Palma Nova to cease?—It shall be discontinued. The most solemn and public declarations shall be given you, respecting our sentiments and views, if you desire them. They shall be such, that every idea of an attack from France will be shewn to be evidently ridiculous:—But, on your side, stop, recall your measures manifestly hostile and menacing, incompatible with the actual condition of Europe, with the security it is in need of; measures that banish every hope of a general peace, and which are so inconsistent with the character and principles of your emperor."
"You see that we are not deceived by false reports, and wish to remain free from such an intimation. If you entertain similar dispositions, the intrigues of the agitators of Europe will be soon frustrated and the continent will remain at peace. Either Austria herself desires war, as her armaments indicate, and she will engage in it; or she is led astray by the advice of the enemies of the continent; but in this case, the offers which I have made you, should open her eyes, as they do not leave the least pretext for her immense preparations."
"I wish, sir, a prompt answer to this letter, and I will tell you why; the emperor had no idea of raising any conscripts this year; but, since the whole of the Austrian force is put under arms, he hesitates, and does not wish the month of August to pass without making a proposition on the subject to the senate. He wishes to be satisfied on this subject. For a long time he has made it a point not to disregard what has the appearance of improbability. He knows how the passions can blind and mislead, and with what facility they are made the sport of men who have been accustomed to agitate the continent by their intrigues. He recollects that Prussia was so much duped as to be made to believe that the French army, actually 500,000 strong, did not exceed 100,000 although that army was encamped almost within the dependent territories of Prussia. England pushes on the war without cessation, but events will avail her very little: her fate will be decided, as soon as she shall be effectually out-lawed from the continent."
"I have spoken to you of the affair at Trieste. It is useless to require satisfaction from you: the Emperor Napoleon believed he might expect from the Emperor Francis, such satisfaction as he would have gladly given, had such a scene been witnessed in any place where he had any authority."
"You will, sir, find in this letter that language, at once firm, sincere, and pacific, which I always used to you. It is to you I am always fond of expressing it, to you who have dwelt among us, to you who must well know that the propositions I make to you, for averting the most distant appearances of war, are not dictated by weakness or apprehension. You know our situation, and I can say to M. de Metternich, what it would be useless to say to the Austrian ambassador. Our grand army is stronger than ever; that and the army of Italy are double what they were in 1805; the troops of the confederation of the Rhine can be speedily re-united, and 60,000 men are now stationed in the interior, at Strasburg, Mayence and Cassel. We have reason to believe, therefore, that a war with Austria could not but terminate fortunately for us."
"We do not, then, dread war; but we wish to avoid it. We do not wish for war, because we have no motive for it, we have no end to accomplish, we have no grievance to redress, and we do not desire any thing which Austria possesses; because many political considerations dictate, that it is the interest of France and Austria to preserve the power they now have; in short, we wish for peace, because the Emperor wishes to spare the blood of men, it gives him no pleasure to see it, and because he does not wage war from any pleasure that it afforded him."
"Stop, then, sir, those movements in the Austrian monarchy, that, if continued, will inevitably produce war: they should be stopped by a movement directly opposite: the propositions I make to you afford your government every facility for this end. If, in spite of those pacific offers, if notwithstanding all the steps taken with a desire to remain at peace with your government, war should take place, we shall carry it on with the more vigor, since we shall be driven into it, and whatever may be the unhappy consequences they cannot be imputed to us."
"In closing this letter, sir, I have the pleasure to announce to you, that the early return of his majesty to the capital, will enable me to renew to your excellency the assurances, &c."
(Signed) CHAMPAGNY. (Official Papers to be continued.)
BOSTON, July 11.
FROM LISBON. By the arrival of Captain Howland, from Lisbon, who left there on the 3d of June, we learn, that success still attended the efforts of the Portuguese, Spaniards and English, against the French. Portugal had got rid of the invaders, and the greater part of Soult's army had been destroyed or taken prisoners. It was rumored the general was among the prisoners.
The patriots of Bilboa were stated to have risen on the French garrison at that place, subdued them and recovered their liberty; and there was a rumor of a rising at Comuna against the French. The French had made a shew of advancing, on the south of Lisbon, but had retreated again.
Reinforcements of troops continued to arrive at Lisbon almost daily from England. All soldiers who were in health were marched to the frontiers, and garrison duty was performed by invalids.
A report of the taking of Ferrol, is supposed to be founded on the capture of Vigo, some time since. Captain Howland favored us with Lisbon papers to May 30th. A paper of June 2, was given to a vessel at sea.
The following articles exhibit the substance of the contents of the papers received:
LISBON, May 26. On the 17th, the vanguard of the French army appeared before Valencia of Alcantara, (Spain, on the frontiers of Portugal, E. of Lisbon,) and demanded its surrender. The demand was answered from the mouths of cannon, and the French are said to have retreated afterwards. The force is variously stated from eight hundred to eight thousand.
May 27. It has been confirmed, by official notice,
that the French army of Marshal Soult, beaten at Oporto and at Amarante, has fled with precipitation, abandoning artillery, baggage, &c. and losing a great number of soldiers in killed and prisoners. All our provinces of the north are freed from the Vandals, who committed great outrages in their flight. The Marquis of Astorga is appointed president of the Supreme Junta in Spain. The patriots continue to resist the French in Arragon.
The French in Barcelona appeared to be preparing to withdraw from that place.
Accounts from Seville are to May 15.—The anniversary of the massacre of the citizens of Madrid by the French on the 2d of May, had been commemorated.
It was reported, that troops had been drawn from Naples by the French to strengthen the army of the Tyrol—that there was an insurrection of Calabrians; and that General Stuart, with a mixed army of 80,000, was ready to assist them.
PHILADELPHIA, July 14. FROM PORTUGAL.
Last evening arrived captain Maffit, from Lisbon, which he left the 6th of June, in company with the ship Paragon, arrived at New-York. He informs that it was reported and confidently believed at Lisbon, that a treaty of alliance, was concluded between England and Russia, from whence it is concluded the Russians will take a part against France. It was further said, that after the first defeats of the Austrians, Bonaparte advanced towards Vienna, and when within 50 leagues of it, was attacked by the Austrians, who in turn, obliged the French to retreat.
Captain M. further says, that Marshal Wellesley, having incorporated the English and Portuguese troops, by putting them in companies alternately, to make up his regiments, marched to Oporto, and demanded the surrender of the town, which Soult obstinately and peremptorily refused, when Wellesley prepared for an assault, which Soult perceiving, fled from the town and crossed the river on a bridge of boats, which was prepared to be blown up as soon as he had crossed, but by some mistake or accident, fire was put to the train and blew up about 1000 of the rear of the French army, and 500 of the citizens who were taking their flight with the French. Soult and the remainder made their escape, as the English could not cross the river for some time.
When Capt. M. left Lisbon, it was said and believed, that there was not a Frenchman in the kingdom of Portugal, but such as were prisoners, the others have fled to Spain as fast as their legs would carry them.—And it was said that the Spaniards were gaining ground every where, both in numbers and in conquests over the French, who were retreating every where, being worn down with fatigue, famine and disease.
Capt. M. has furnished us with a few Lisbon papers, from which we hope to have some extracts for our next.—True Amer.
NEW-YORK, July 15.
LATEST NEWS FROM LONDON. The Editor of the Mercantile Advertiser, received yesterday, from a valuable correspondent, the following extracts from London papers to the 20th of May.
HALIFAX, June 26.
The following paragraphs were extracted from London papers of the 20th ultimo, (May,) received at Newfoundland, by a brig 20 days from Greenock.
The German papers contain the 7th, 8th and 9th Austrian Official Reports. These admit, that the French had, in general, the advantage, though not to the extent which their bulletins hold out; and if credit can be given to the subsequent intelligence received by way of Hamburg, the Archduke Charles has been eminently successful. He is stated, after three days hard fighting, to have driven the enemy 30 miles back, & to have taken or destroyed upwards of 40,000 of their troops. In Italy, the Archduke John is said to have gained, on the 15th, and 16th ult. a decisive victory over the French, who lost 8,000 killed and 10,000 wounded and taken; 20 pieces of cannon & 3 eagles were taken. The Austrians lost 10,000 men, killed, wounded and prisoners.
Jerome Bonaparte has issued a proclamation, ordering the inhabitants of Westphalia, Hesse and Saxony, to be deprived of every offensive weapon—even of knives, forks, scythes, &c.
In Spain, the cause of the Patriots has assumed a more favorable aspect than for some time past. The French are constantly marching off a great part of their army for Italy.
The French in Oporto, it is believed, wish to surrender to the British; and, from an intercepted letter from gen. Kellerman, it appears, that owing to the Austrian war, it appears, that owing to the Austrian war, the whole of the peninsula, as extremely critical. The French general, Loison, was killed in the streets of Oporto, by some Portuguese soldiers.
LONDON, May 18.
A messenger, with dispatches to the Spanish deputies arrived in town this morning. On the 21st ult. it was publicly notified at Seville, that a division of the Spanish army had taken possession of Alcantara, which had been previously evacuated by the French.
Warsaw, the capital of Poland, upon the approach of the Archduke Ferdinand, has been evacuated by the French. The van of the Austrian Army entered that city on the 19th ult.
By an official dispatch from the Austrian general Taxis, we learn that the inhabitants of the Tyrol have, with the utmost enthusiasm, risen in favor of Austria; and have defeated the Bavarian troops in several engagements. Two generals and about 12,000 Bavarians, have been taken prisoners.
The following were the positions of the French and Austrians at the date of the last accounts:
Position of the French armies. Bonaparte on the Salza at Burghausen; the Dukes of Dantzic's, Montebello's, Rivoli's and Istria's divisions on the right bank of the Inn; the Bavarians under Gen. Wrede form the advanced guard, and are at Laufen and Salzburg. A French division is marching to the Tyrol; the Duke of Auerstadt and Massena are on the north bank of the Danube, proceeding to the Palatinate; Bernadotte with the Saxons, is marching to the frontiers of Bohemia. In Italy the French occupy the right bank of the Piava. A division under Gen. St. Hilaire is marching to the Italian post of the Tyrol.
Position of the Austrian Armies. Gen. Hiller's army lines the left bank of the Traun, and the emperor of Austria is at Linz. The Marquis de Castelar is in the Tyrol with his division, and Gen. Jellich is in the southern part of the Bishopric of Salzburg. The archduke Charles is on the Regen, at Cham. The archduke Ferdinand was at Warsaw. The Archduke John occupies the left bank of the Piava.
Another Expedition. Orders from the admiralty were received at Plymouth on Saturday, to fit out all the small vessels of war in that port which were deemed capable of being rendered fit for service, and to afford every facility and encouragement to the fitting out of privateers. So urgent was this order, that numbers of the shipwrights were ordered to work on Sunday.
The captain of a vessel who left Oporto on the 19th ult. gives a recital afflicting to humanity:—At the time of the advance of marshal Soult to that unfortunate city, about 40 French prisoners fell into the hands of the populace, who barbarously put them to death. As soon as the Marshal was informed of this, he ordered bloody vengeance to be taken.—In consequence, some thousands of the wretched inhabitants were bayonnetted without distinction of age or sex. After the rage of the French was in some measure satiated, and the bodies of the slaughtered had been exposed three days in the streets, the bodies of some were permitted to be interred in the churches or burial grounds, but the greatest number of the dead bodies were cast into the river. Marshal Soult, it is said, gave strict orders to the soldiers not to hurt any of the British, as they, he was pleased to declare, generally respected the laws of war.
On Saturday, an Austrian Messenger arrived, charged with dispatches from Mr. Stuart, the British envoy at that Court; the accounts he brings are favorable: the Arch Duke Charles has been re-enforced by the corps of generals Bellegarde and Klenau, as well as by several others, which has augmented his army to 160,000 men. Wetzburg and Dresden (Capital of Saxony) are also said to be occupied by the Austrians.—The capture of Warsaw is confirmed, and the accounts from Italy are not less gratifying. The spirit of discontent begins to manifest itself throughout Hesse, Hanover, Brunswick, Wetteravia, and Thuringia.—Col. Doernberg of the Westphalian Rangers, is reported to direct the operations of the malcontents, and is said to be at the head of a numerous and well organized force.
Fourth French Bulletin, is dated Burghausen, April 20, and contains a great deal of low abuse—the 3th, Braunau, (a few miles distant from Muhlendorf) May 1, is said to be very short, with no further account of battles, defeats or any facts of importance.
Lieutenant Gen. Ed. Morrison goes to Jamaica.
DOMESTIC.
PHILADELPHIA, July 12. At a meeting of the Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania, on Monday July 10, 1809,—John Redman Cox, M. D. was appointed the Professor of Chemistry, in this university, in place of Dr. James Woodhouse, lately deceased.
THE NEW MISSION.
The nature of the mission from the Emperor of Russia to this country, is become a subject of a very interesting nature. We will hazard a conjecture, that the Power of the Continent are about establishing a New Marine Code and Law of Nations, in which the Ocean will be restored to its native freedom, and become what the God of nature intended it—the common highway of Nations. In this event, we should hear no more of PROCLAMATION blockades nor of paper sieges: neither should we be obliged to have recourse to an eighteen months embargo. This mission, it is very probable, is to make the proposal to the American government: If this should be the fact, and our government accept the proposal, the commerce of this country will find a ready admission to all the ports of the European Continent. If they reject it, we may trade to England and back, but no where else. Should this be the actual state of affairs, it must be acknowledged by every one to be highly important and momentous. It will draw the affairs of the civilized world to a close, and place commerce in some permanent situation.—Boston Chronicle.
BALTIMORE, July 17.
Extract of letters from L. H. Von Hollen Hambro', dated April 25 and May 5, received per Sally via Amsterdam.
"I have already informed you in my last letter of the 16th of April, that all American vessels are permitted to depart from here in ballast. This has since been extended to all Danish ports, not in the Elbe, from whence they may take permitted goods, with which they are at liberty to proceed to neutral ports. If you were consequently to make shipments you would do well, to order your ships to Tonnig, where they may be furnished with a return cargo, if even they were boarded by British cruizers. The certificates of origin must specify Hambro', in order that the goods may be sent to this market."
Four vessels have arrived within a few days from Baltimore in the Eyder. It is said their destination was Tonnig. This is a fortunate enterprize.
M. DE DASHKOFF, Charge des affaires and Consul General of the Emperor of Russia to the United States, arrived here a few days ago. We understand that he had been recognized as such by the President of the United States, and has received his exequatur as Consul General. Nat. Intelligencer.
WINCHESTER, July 14. SILVER MINE.
In the Gazette of the 7th instant, a communication respecting a Silver Mine, which was said to be discovered on the lands of Mr. Davis of this county, was given. It now becomes our duty to state, that no such mine in reality exists, and that Mr. Vance the miner, turns out to be an impostor, and has eloped! We are enabled to give the following (we believe correct) history of this instance of villainy and deception. Some weeks since, a son of Mr. Davis's accidentally met Vance at Berry's ferry—in the course of conversation, Vance observed, that he was from Pennsylvania, and that his profession was that of a Miner: that he was then on his way to Orange county to make experiments on some Copper Ore; a mine of which he said had recently been discovered in that county. Mr. Davis invited Vance to his father's, on whose land, he said, a body of ore of some description

was long since known to be. He accordingly accompanied Mr. Davis, and on being shown the ore, immediately pronounced it to be strongly impregnated with Silver—he made a small experiment (but would not permit any one to witness it) and the result was, that a piece of silver of about the size and value of an eighth of a dollar was produced—several other experiments were made (but equally secret) with the same success. To cover the deception more completely, a small piece of genuine ore (some of which he no doubt carried with him for the purpose of deception) was sent to the shop of Messrs. Hartman and Phillips, silversmiths, who analyzed it and found it to contain a valuable proportion of silver. It was now that Vansice's plan was matured. He however first made another experiment on a larger scale, and produced a piece of silver of the value of $2 87 1/2 cents. Confident of the immense value of the discovery, the rage for procuring shares was general. Vansice, by agreement, was to be equally interested; but agreement, as he had no funds wherewith to defray the proportion of the expense necessary to be incurred in building furnaces, &c. he would have no objection to dispose of a few shares. The offer was embraced with avidity, and we are informed several shares were immediately taken. From one of the purchasers he received 125 dollars each; how much more he received, we are not informed. Preparations were now making to commence the building of a furnace, but before any expense was incurred, the gentleman eloped, and is now pursued by two of the persons interested. It will naturally occur to the reader, that some of the gentleman's own coin, was introduced into the crucible, with the ore, on which he was making experiments. [That he was in possession of genuine ore, the more effectually to cover his deception, cannot be doubted.] The said Vansice, is about 5 feet 7 inches high; dark complexion, and by attending particularly to his dialect, the German accent may be distinguished. It will be well for the public to beware of the Villain! Since the above was in type, an additional experiment on seven ounces of the ore has been made at the shop of Messrs. Hartman and Phillips. The result was, that not a particle of Silver was extracted! It is now evident, that in all the experiments which were before made, pieces of coin must have been introduced into the crucible, or that Vansice was in possession of a small quantity of genuine ore. So great was the rage for procuring shares, and indeed, so flattering were the prospects, that it is believed, the fellow might have swindled to the amount of several thousand dollars—Luckily, however, he pocketed but 125 dollars; which, we understand from one of the gentlemen interested, was the extent of his villainy. The persons in pursuit of the swindler, went as far as Frederick town, Md. but he had gained too much head way, and they returned. Gazette.
THE ENQUIRER.
RICHMOND, JULY 21, 1809.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE ENQUIRER.
Sir—I shall not fatigue you by a long account of the pains, which I suffered after my impressment. The story of every thing would be disgusting. Hard fare, hard watching, hard treatment, and much punishment are traits in the life of an impressed seaman, which are familiar to every one. The strict discipline, which prevails on board of a British ship of war, is almost too great for description. No one has a just idea of it, except those who have seen it. It is not the least of its aggravations, that you are obliged to pay respect and obedience to men, whom you may believe to be the weakest & most worthless of the whole crew. On land, you may to a certain extent escape from this degradation. You may flee from the society of the proud and domineering—you may in some sort shun the impurity of the atmosphere which they breathe—even amidst the bustle of a camp, the chain which confines you to your tent, is of a larger dimension than that which almost eternally subject you to the arrogant gaze of the officers of your ship. Every petty dignitary of a ship moving in his own little sphere, compels the reverential observance of those who are below him. It is not enough, that you implicitly obey every order which is issued for the management of the vessel—it is not enough that you hand every rope, and execute every command with alacrity and precision—but you must be equally studious to pay, in the minutest article, the tribute of servile complaisance to the most distant representative of Majesty. In such cases servility is as essential to subordination as obedience itself.
Whole weeks elapsed before I could acquire even a knowledge of these essential forms of etiquette. My apprenticeship was of the severest sort. Nothing but hard knocks and corporal punishment could have at last reconciled me to the necessity of studying the sort and quantity of respect which was due to my superiors. I had passed from a merchant vessel of my country, where every thing had been conducted on a system of comparative equality. My Captain and mate had not thought it beneath their dignity occasionally to crack their jokes with the crew. I had traversed the same deck with them, without being oppressively conscious of the weight of their presence. I had whistled—I had sung. My young spirits, yet volatile and elastic, had generally displayed themselves in all the energies of a wild and unconscious hilarity. I had not yet felt the force of that beautiful maxim of the Poet; that "The day which makes man a slave, takes half his worth away."
How very different was the scene, to which I was now transported! I was shifted from a state, where almost every thing wore the air of a Republic, to a scene where all things bore the aspect of an absolute monarchy. Our captain was the Sublime Porte of this Empire—his officers were so many Pashas and Agas, not less anxious to maintain their own Province of power and respect, than the dignity and force of the whole empire. Every petty midshipman bethought himself a little God. He was as proud of his miserable epaulette—of his small bunch of gold thread perched upon his left shoulder—as if he wore the Lamas of Thibet, or the sacred calf of the Egyptians. I durst never pass one of these fellows on the deck, without ducking off my hat as a token of my reverence. Let me have been ever so much engaged in the affairs of the ship, the bow was just as indispensable as the duty. Although I had a rope in one hand, I was obliged, as I passed the person of his excellency, to lift the other to my hat. Such acts of servile complaisance were as customarily performed, as a negro's doffing his hat, when in the company of white men. If he should unfortunately fail in this act of adoration, woe be to the bearer of the hat! A blow from the back of a cutlass would soon remind him of his impiety.
Among those rites, which were most rigorously exacted from the crew, was a respect for the privacy of the Cabin . No one dared to approach or enter this sacred temple, without calling down the vengeance of the offend-
ed deity, who dwelt within. One day, before my mind was familiarised to these forms of etiquette, I had occasion to speak to the captain. I had suffered from some wanton abuse of power on the part of an arrogant midshipman, and I was determined at once to bring my complaint before the Sultan of the ship. I was about to enter the cabin—when the centinel, who was on duty, at the door, arrested me. Without a trial, without a hearing, without a single apology being demanded or received, I was ordered to the boatswain's cat—my jacket and shirt were torn off—and a cool dozen were mercilessly inflicted upon my bare back—one, a free citizen of the U. States; who had been torn from the decks of my country; who was confessed, by compulsion, on board of a foreign ship, of whose customs I was ignorant, and whose authority I was not bound to obey.
I am not prepared to deny but that the strictest subordination is essential on board of a ship of war. Where the number of the crew is so much greater than that of the officers—where it is impossible, as it frequently is on the seas, to call in any other force to repress the turbulent spirit of mutineers—where not only the real force of the ship is therefore in the crew, but the chances of impunity are so strong, it is certainly necessary to be extremely rigid in exacting the performance of their duties. The line between obedience and respect is too in many cases not easy to be drawn. It would be difficult to make most seamen perform the strict duties of a military ship, without inspiring them with a more than ordinary awe for their superior officers. But what had these considerations to do with me? Had I voluntarily enlisted in his Majesty's service, from the small temptations held out by his bounty, or his wages, or from the superior hopes of acquiring booty or reputation, I should have known how to have borne the hardships of my situation without repining. Having placed the crew upon my own shoulders, I should not have profusely murmured against the pressure which it imposed. But how different was my lot! My hardships had not an atom of merit, from their having been of my own seeking. I was impressed—not enlisted. I was a slave dragged reluctantly into the service. There was not a single ingredient of will, understanding, or volition, in the whole composition of my destiny. It was impossible therefore, but my whole soul must rebel against every petty act or ceremony of authority which weighed me down.
Had I been impressed into the service of my country—if such had been its practice—I could have borne it with more tranquility. I might then have indulged the hope, that all this compulsion, all these hardships, were in some form or other calculated for her benefit. But even this poor consolation was denied to me. I had been dragged from a vessel of my own country into the service of another—of one too, that had dissipated the blood and treasure of my own, in a seven years' war. I could, however, have forgiven these injuries. With the tomahawk, I could have buried all my resentments. But she would not permit me. She was continually opening the cicatrized wounds of my country—and they were continually bleeding afresh. Day after day was marked by some new and insolent encroachment. Every sea was disturbed by her presumption and tyranny. There seemed to be an eternal strife between the extent of her power and the abuse of it. She interdicts the fair trade, which we pursue in the colonial produce of her, not our, enemies. She closes entire coasts against us, by the mere virtue of paper blockades. She condemns our vessels. She impresses our countrymen—She drags them into bondage—of the hardships of which situation, I was able to judge, because I myself had felt the "iron penetrate into my soul." Surely there was nothing in all these things to reconcile me to the severity of my destiny.
Not a day passed over my head, without some new indignity upon my feelings. My country was aspersed—its government was covered with ridicule or execration—its glorious revolution was insulted with the name of rebellion. I was sneered at as a Rebel! a poor Yankee! an epicure in molasses & pork! a miserable dealer in cod-fish & herring! It was in vain that I attempted to rebut these contumelious expressions—it was in vain that I wished to retort upon them, the indignant contempt, which I felt for the inquiries of their own government. If but raised a whisper against his most sacred Majesty, George the 3d, or his wife, or any of his children, or his Jack-asses, or any thing that was his—the boatswain's sceptre of authority was raised upon my back. It was treason—rebellion—mutiny, for which I deserved no other punishment than to be hung up at the yard-arm. What could I do? Subuit.
The greatest of all my calamities was to be made a reluctant instrument in the hands of these men, for robbing and insulting my own countrymen. Two of the most horrible aspects, in which the impressment of American presents itself, are, when these very men are called upon, to aid in the infliction of British injustice upon their own citizens, and to take a part in the wars of Great Britain against her enemy. Wars, in which we have no interest, and an enemy, who is our friend. It is indeed possible to conceive a worse situation—when this very American victim may be made to take a part in a war against his own country—when the arm of the father may be lifted against that of the son. But there has been no war, no calamity of this sort. It may however easily occur. Cases of the former description frequently fell under my own observation.
Yes, sir, I myself have been one of a pressing for the impressment of American Citizens. Certainly no description of mine could do justice to these feelings which should agitate the bosom of an American Seaman, on such an occasion.
I myself have been compelled to aid in the capture of my country's vessels, for daring to carry on their accustomed and lawful trade, in spite of the prohibitions of artificial blockades.
Vessels, that have been engaged in a fair and neutral commerce, laden with sugar and coffee of the growth of the enemy of Great Britain, but belonging to American citizens—have been taken under my eyes and with my co-operation. If I dared to whisper a word in their behalf, I was told; "that it was all right; that the U. States had no right to carry on a trade in a time of war, which is closed in a time of peace; and that this was but calculated to relieve their enemy from the pressure of the war upon them." Did these men, however, forget that this very branch of trade had been expressly admitted by the British government itself in the year 1801, from Lord Hawkesbury to Mr. King? Did they forget, that if the war opens to us some new branches of trade, it also shuts some old ones; as for instance,
how, in a time of war, could we send our produce to the French West-Indies, which we may usually send in French vessels, during a peace; unless they were conveyed in our own vessels—because in a time of war, French vessels are forced to disappear from our ports—and why would we send thither the quantity of produce usually sent in a time of peace, unless we were at liberty to export to the continent all that part of the sugar, coffee, &c. which is over and above our own consumption? Do they likewise forget that there is no power in the world which so freely employs the privileges of the neutral bottom to relieve themselves from the pressure of the war, as they do—that there is scarce any other way for pushing their manufactures into the continent, than under the protection of our own or some other neutral flag—and that during the American war, a single house of Brussels neutralized more than 700 Dutch vessels?
But I will no longer fatigue you, sir, with my sentiments and sufferings. I will forbear from a description of an engagement, which we had, with a French armed vessel—the dangers and hardships, which I experienced—I will not plunge you into the scenes of the capture of the fleet of Copenhagen. The complicated atrocities of that transaction, are known to the world. They are enough to damn the present ministry of G. Britain, even if there were no other act to stain their annals. The only reflection which I may venture to suggest, is this; why should American Seamen be forced to participate in the guilt of such transactions?
But I have done, Sir—I was determined to escape, if possible, from such cruelty and hardships. After several painful and unavailing attempts, I was at length lucky enough to escape in the night by swimming from the ship, as she lay off the island of Cuba. An American vessel has since brought me back to my dear country.
Reader! familiarise your imagination to the scenes, which I have here attempted to portray! Remember! there are now more than 5000 of your countrymen in this situation!
BEN BUNTING.
It seems scarce necessary to add—what indeed is apparent on the very face of them—that these letters are the works of imagination—intended, by their author, merely to draw the mind to this subject.
COUP D'OEIL.
The French had reached Passau on the Danube—The 4th Bulletin is dated at Braunau—Francis, the emperor of Austria, was at Lintz, between Passau and Vienna, calling the 2d requisition of his militia to arms. His principal magazines are at Lintz. On the 23d April, Massena was marching on the S. of the Danube, and Davoust to the N. both towards this important post.
This is the first war with Austria, in which Napoleon tests the efficacy of the confederate system of the Rhine. His army comprises large corps of troops from Bavaria, Württemberg, &c. They are said to display the utmost alacrity and zeal.
Large reinforcements were continually passing through Strasburg for the Grand Army. The army of Reserve was to be formed at Strasburg, under the Duke of Valmy (Kellerman) at this point, all the conscripts in the S. and E. of France will rendezvous.
The troops of Austria were originally divided into three great armies—one under Prince Ferdinand on the frontiers of Warsaw—the centre, under Archduke Charles, in Bavaria—the 3d, under the Archduke John, in Italy. A detachment under Castelbar was in the Tyrol. Charles has been driven to the borders of Bohemia. The Vice-Roy of Italy, after an engagement, had stationed his troops on the banks of the Piave. The cavalry of the main army, under the command of Bessieres, was in pursuit of a flying detachment of the enemy, that had escaped from the battle of Abensberg towards the Tyrol. Lefebvre was attempting to cut off the communication of the Archduke John with Vienna. Without extreme good fortune, the Archduke cannot avoid being hemmed in between the troops of Beauharnais, Lefebvre and the Tyrolese detachment.
The Hungarian Insurrection is at Presburg, on the frontiers of their country. It is thus, that Bonaparte has eternally been permitted to beat his enemy, one after the other, by detachment.
The Empress of France has pitched her Head Quarters at Strasburg on the Rhine. The queens of Holland and Westphalia have joined her court.
Russia is extending the Olive branch to Sweden—and preparing to wield the exterminating sword against Turkey. Her Emperor has sent to congratulate the Duke of Sudermania on his late elevation—who, in his turn, has dispatched a minister, M. Schwerrin, to Petersburg, for the wise purpose of accelerating a peace with Russia. The Russian armies are withdrawing from the borders of Sweden.
The Emperor has made requisitions of the Porte, which it was presumed he would not comply with. He claims the provinces of Moldavia and Wallachia, on the left bank of the Danube. Under this concession, Turkey would not hold a foot of ground to the North of that River. These pretensions were formally urged at the congress of Yassy, where the deputies of Russia and the Porte attended. The former declared, that it would be useless to prolong negotiation, if the Porte was not prepared to accede to this proposition. Requisitions were also made that the British minister should immediately quit Constantinople, and a seizure of all the British merchandise throughout the Ottoman Empire take place. These demands were sent to Constantinople about the 12th of April—but no reply had been returned. The Russian regiments began to be in motion.
The court of St. Petersburg has for ever had an eye to the acquisition of Turkey. This has been held as her true policy. Egon, in his survey of the Turkish Empire, states, that Catharine had shaped the education of her second grandson, Prince Constantine, to these designs. "Greek women were given him for nurses, and he sucked in with his milk the Greek language, in which he afterwards was perfected by learned Greek teachers; in short, his whole education was such as to fit him for the throne of Constantinople."
The acquisition of the ports and coasts of the Turkish territory are beyond calculation, important to Russia. Small is the extent of her sea coast in proportion to that of her soil. The points in which she touches the water, are, principally, the White Sea, a few ports of the Baltic, a small portion of the Black Sea—Archangel, on the former, is closed, by the ice, from October to May. The ports of Petersburg and Riga, on the second, carry on a large trade, but are closed from 4 to 6 months in the year. Odessa and others, on the Black Sea, are mainly dependent on the caprice and power of the Porte,
for the navigation of the seas and straits, which connect them with the Mediterranean. In these points of view, it is wonderful that Russia should aspire to the possession of Turkey?—or that she would preserve her alliance with France, since she has so many interests for this alliance? Will the Turkish Crescent long glitter on the walls of Constantinople?
IMPORTANT. —We stop the press to announce that London dates to the 22d. May have reached Norfolk via Barbadoes.—The following from the last date presents views of the state of the main armies.—Besides, there is, it is said, that after a sharp action on the 19th April, Warsaw had surrendered to Ferdinand, whose headquarters on the 21st were at Radom—that in Italy the Austrians had at first, successively taken Vicenza and Padua, and advanced over the Adige; the turn of affairs in Germany had however forced the Archduke John to send 30,000 troops thither; his career was stopped and by the last accounts (2nd May) the Austrians were on the other side of the Danube.—Tyrol is said to be in a state of general insurrection.
LONDON, May 22. —On the 9th instant, the Van of the French army, under the Duke of Montebello, (marshal Lasnes,) was at Sigartkirchen, within twelve miles of Vienna, and Bonaparte had his head quarters at St. Pölten, about twenty six miles from that Capital. This important intelligence is communicated in the sixth bulletin of the French army. It appears, from these important documents, that on the 4th, the Duke of Montebello crossed the river Enns, at Steyer, and arrived at Anstetten on the 5th; on Molok on the 6th; at St. Pölten on the 7th; at Perschling on the 8th; from which place he proceeded on the next day to Sigartkirchen. Bonaparte and his staff were close on the rear of Marshal Lasnes, and that the duke of Auerstadt, (marshal Davoust) one day's march behind that of Massena. Except a slight affair at Anstetten, the advancing army do not appear to have experienced the slightest resistance. On their approach, the Austrians, under the archduke Lewis, and General Haller, retreated before them, until they came to St. Pölten, where they separated on the 7th. Two thirds posted on the northern side of the Danube, at Kremis, and the other third proceeded to Vienna. With respect to the other French corps, we find that Bernadotte's corps is detained in Bohemia by the archduke Chs. and had entered Egra, and that of the duke of Dautitz (marshal Lefebvre) was marching against the Tyrol. The anxiety produced by the insurrection in the North of Germany, headed by Col. Schill, proves that it is of magnitude, and threatens serious consequences. A corps of observation is to be formed on the Elbe, under the duke of Valmy, to restrain it. It is to consist of 60,000 men. Schill's force, according to the German papers, amounts to 40,000 men.
That Bonaparte would fulfil his menace of entering Vienna a second time, has always appeared to us highly probable; but it will in no degree decide the result of the campaign, if the government and people of Austria are united, firm, and determined.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE ENQUIRER.
Sir, The object of the present letter (the publication of which, I take the liberty of requesting,) is to call your attention, and that of your readers, (many of whom are interested in the subject) to the numerous abuses and impositions which exist, and are daily practised in the great staple of our state, Tobacco.—These mal-practices commence when the article is brought to the Warehouse for Inspection, and do not cease until it is delivered out for Exportation or Manufacturing.—To trace the evil to its root, it must be observed, that the planter who brings his article to market (frequently a poor man, whose crop is limited to a single hhd.) is generally under the necessity of bribing the negroes who are hired to strip and re-coop Tobacco, at a rate which often amounts to one per cent. on the value of the article.—The penniless condition to which many a planter is reduced by accidents & consequences on the road, compels him when arrived at the Warehouse to submit to this imposition, particularly when he perceives that otherwise he must wait until those are served who adopt this mode of exploiting business, and reflects that the amount of expense incurred by the delay will be as great or greater than if properly, or rather improperly applied, would procure him immediate dispatch. By the means of these practices when the Inspector's backs are turned, the rotation which the law directs is set at naught. The XVI Section of the act of 1792, makes it the duty of the Inspectors to enter the names of the owners of Tobacco, in the order it is brought to the Warehouse, and to inspect it in similar succession. It is believed that at most of the Warehouses, no such rule is observed.—The custom of breaking at certain parts of the hhd. is a lesson to many, how to pack their Tobacco, and it has been generally observed, that the worst qualities are to be found in the centre and near the heads.—Greater exactness should also be observed in weighing, both as respects Gross and Tare.
All these neglects are trivial, compared with the injury the article frequently sustains from carelessness or mismanagement after it is turned from the scales. Very few of the Warehouses are furnished with skids, and the dirt floors being naturally damp, and in some instances lower than the yards, the part of the hhd. that lies on the ground any considerable time, imbibes a degree of moisture, becomes mouldy and is partially injured. Damage to a much more serious, and truly alarming amount, is caused by Tobacco being left in the yards during a rain, or placed in situations to receive the water from above or below, and unless the shipper chances to open his casks, the damage is not discovered until he has incurred all the additional expense of freight, insurance, &c. and moreover lost the means of redress against the Inspectors which the XXXVth Section of the abovementioned act, pointedly gives him. The careless and immoderate mode of storing Tobacco, causes not only this evil, but also the difficulty which generally exists of finding it when demanded.—The want of another Warehouse for the reception of upper inspected Tobacco is generally felt—Persons being compelled to resort to private Warehouses for storage. The present Inspections should be entirely devoted to the care of their own Tobacco, and they would not be found more than sufficient to answer the purpose effectually. They all require gutters, drains and skids, and also prizes in different parts of the building; which last would be found a great convenience, and enable the Inspectors to keep their casks in good order. The injuries to which Tobacco is now subjected calls loudly for a remedy.—It is believed that under present circumstances the shipper would find it his interest to incur a double storage, by removing his Tobacco from the inspection room to a private Warehouse, and unless a remedy is found, those who purchase prime Tobacco at an advanced price will be compelled to adopt this plan. Every additional expense that an article is subjected to, must ultimately fall on the maker—therefore it behoves the Planter, no less than the Merchant, to attend to the subject. It will not be denied that the risk of Warehouse damage operates considerably on the price, and that the notes of some Warehouses are preferred to those of others, only because the Inspectors are more careful.
The recent custom of reviewing Tobacco, has
introduced a practice, which gives rise to a great imposition—if the article when reviewed is found to be of very mean quality, or even rotten, it is in the power of the owner (tho' no man of correct conduct would use it) to sell his unmerchantable article by the face, of the note, to the great loss of the unsuspecting purchaser. Some of the Inspectors have, very correctly adopted a rule of asserting "reviewed" in the note—it is desirable that this rule should become general, and that the Inspectors should refuse to open any hhd. until the Note or Manifest for it is produced.
It might deserve inquiry, whether a greater sum than the Law allows, is not demanded and received by the Inspectors, from the Shipper or Manufacturer.
Much it is to be regretted, that the attention this subject requires does not end here.—The illegal and dishonest traffic carried on in Refused Tobacco has already been noticed in your paper in terms of just detestation, but public scorn has no terrors for those who pursue such traffic, and so long as the infringement of a statute on this, or any other subject, shall contribute to make their purses more weighty, Law and Honesty will not preponderate. In short the indulgence granted by the late Act, to planters whose Tobacco is refused, operates to destroy the very intention of Inspection, and to build the fortunes of Lawless Speculators on the injury of the Careful Planter and the Honest Merchant.
I am, Sir, Your most obt. servt.
B. L. K.
Mr. Wood, of Manchester, has issued Proposals, for publishing, by subscription, a new Theory of the Diurnal Rotation of the Earth, on the principles of the Cycloid and the Epi-Cycloid. Mr. W. has taken the opinions of some of the Scribes on his subject—and we are happy to see that their replies are of a most flattering complexion.
Mr. Madison the President of Wm & Mary, encourages him to persevere in his design.—Mr. Blackburn, the celebrated mathematician of the same College, "is pleased with the application of this principle of the Cycloid to Physics," and professes his belief, "that it has not yet been viewed, in that light, by any writer." Mr. Kemp, N. Y. has "no doubt, that this application of the properties of the Cycloid to explain the phenomena of the tides, winds, &c. will lead to a more rational theory, than any we yet have."
GEORGE WATT has just received, and offers FOR SALE , Sicily, Madeira, and Sherry WINE , by the Hhd. and Cr. case; Green Coffee, Orleans Sugar in the Hhd.; German Platillas , Simples by the piece or case, half pint Glass Tumblers in cases of 100 each, and New York Soap and Candles .
ON HAND , Madeira Wine, Orleans and Muscovado Sugars, Green Coffee, Molasses, Prime Pork, Liverpool and Stone Ware, Souchong, Hyson, Skin, and Gunpowder Tea, Spanish Segars, Raisins, Almonds, Nutmegs, Window Glass, Men's & Women's Shoes, and Family Flour in whole and half barrels; which he will dispose of by wholesale on reasonable terms.
July 22
NEW BOOKS —Just published, and for sale at JOHN R. JONES'S NEW BOOK STORE, N. W. corner of the main street, and that leading to the head of the basin nearly opposite to the Eagle Tavern, the following new and interesting works:
JOHN de LANCASTER , a novel by Richardson, Esq. 2 vols $2.
LETTERS OF LAVENDEE , or Revolutionary Tyranny, 2 vols. price $2.
RELISQUES OF ROBERT BURNS , consisting chiefly of original letters, poems, and critical observations on Scottish songs, $1 25.
WOMAN, OR ILL OF ATHENS , by Miss Owenson, 2 vols. price $2 neatly bound.
AN ESSAY , on the history of Civil society by Adam Ferguson L. L. D. 8 to. 7th edition $2.
THE HUNGARIAN BROTHERS , by Miss Porter, author of Thaddeus of Warsaw , 2 vols. neatly bound $2.
THE COMPLETE FARRIER , or gentlemen's pocket Companion, with three elegant plates, price $1 25.
ESSAY ON SEPULCHRES , or a proposal for erecting some memorial of the illustrious dead in all ages, by Wm. Godwin, 50 cents.
AMERICAN REGISTER , or General Repository of history, politics, from July to Dec. 1808, vol 4. $3 25.
COLUMBIAD , a poem by Joel Barlow 2 vols. $2 50.
POEMS , by the Rev'd. George Crabbe, S. T. NEW SYSTEM OF GEOGRAPHY , for a school, by J. O'Neill—maps, $1 50.
John R. Jones has also received a large edition to his assortment of school books and stationery per captains Lewis and Penison from Philadelphia, which he offers to his friends and the public on the most reasonable terms. Orders from the country executed with promptitude and fidelity.
BOOKBINDING , in all its various branches carried on as above, where merchants accounts, books of every description, Sheriff's books, and all kinds of Blanks may be had at the most reasonable rates.
July 21.
w3t
TO GABRIEL L. HALLER —Sir—As you are not a resident of this Commonwealth, take notice that on the 14th day of August next, between the hours of 10 o'clock and sun set—(by virtue of a commission for that purpose, awarded,) I shall proceed to take the depositions of George Williamson, Robert S. Garnett and Macon Green, at the Eagle Tavern in the city of Richmond, to be read as evidence in an injunction now depending in the Chancery District court of Williamsburg in which myself and Nathaniel Sheppard are complainants and Houder Hudgins, Gabriel L. Haller and Mary Handley his wife, and Rascow Parsons, are defendants, and if the said depositions are not all taken the first day, I shall continue from day to day until they are.
Yours,
JOHN BOWE.
July 21.
2t
WANTED —A BLACKSMITH—One that is a complete master of the trade, will meet encouragement by application to SEWALL OSGOOD, B.S.
July 21.
lawf
THE subscriber residing in Williamsburg will practice law in the Chancery District Court held in that place; he continues to do business in the county courts of Charles City, New Kent, James City and York.
Wm. BROWN, Jun.
July 21.
lmf
IN DEBT —At a quarterly sessions court, held for Goochland county at the court house on Monday the 20th day of March, 1809.
John James, administrator of William James, de't. Plt. against James Pace, Def't.
This day came the plaintiff by his attorney, and the defendant not being arrested on the plaintiff's declaration in this cause & not appearing to answer the plaintiff's action although solemnly called; Therefore on the motion of the plaintiff by his attorney it is ordered that the said defendant do appear here on the third Monday in August next, and answer the plaintiff's action aforesaid or that judgment will then be rendered against him in default of his appearance according to his specialty with interest and costs, and it is further ordered that this order be published at three successive court days at the door of the court house of this county, and three times in the Virginia Gazette.
A Copy. Test.
Mm. MILLER, C. G. C.
July 21.
3m

POLITICAL SPECULATIONS.
Franc Bell's (London) Weekly Messenger.
RELATIONS OF RUSSIA & FRANCE.
The die is at length cast beyond recall, and Austria and France, the political gladiators of the day, are about to fight the last battle of nations. The point of honor demands the necessary death of one of the parties: they are committed in fact to fight till one shall fall. There is a state of things so extreme as even in common prudence to preclude all possibility of moderation. France would be insensible to her own safety, if she suffer Austria, after her declared hostility, to escape, and Austria having once chosen her part, having once drawn the sword, must act up to her menace, and throw away the scabbard. The moment of irresolution and timidity has passed away for ever. The emperor Francis must defend his imperial throne or retire from it. If beaten in the field, he certainly ceases to be a sovereign. He will equally lose his empire, if to avoid the immediate peril, he submit to the present demands. The only difference will be, that in the first case he has the chance of war, which in human affairs is not always for the strongest. In the latter state of things, he may be permitted to reign a year or a few months—just so long as Bonaparte is embarrassed with other objects. A quarrel, which is always at hand, would then be contrived, and Austria like Prussia cease to be in the list of independent nations.
Under these circumstances, public attention is very strongly turned towards Russia, and every one anxiously demands and enquires what will be her probable course. Will the emperor Alexander, say they, remain immovable, till he sees every throne around him destroyed? Is it possible that the alliance between France and Russia can be framed on principles of sympathy for French interest, with a total oblivion and neglect of the immediate peril of Russia from the overwhelming superiority of her neighbor? Grant that, exhausted by an unsuccessful war, the emperor Alexander desired peace—grant that by certain sacrifices and certain compliances the emperor Napoleon converted this peace into an alliance—and grant that our conduct in the expedition to Copenhagen, confirmed and riveted this alliance by severing whatever remained of connection between Russia and England—yet even under all these circumstances it is conceivable that Russia will consent to aggrandize France to her own evident ruin? Will the emperor Alexander be so mad enough to remove the only barrier between his own dominions and the ambitions, the powerful Napoleon?
Has he so little knowledge, so little experience of this profligate child of fortune, as to deem his gratitude security against his ambition? Can he be so blind to the example of the king of Spain, who at least deserved so well of the French emperor, and has been treated so ill?
Such are the reflections which naturally arise in the minds of those who consider attentively the present state of things, and who deduce their conclusions from the general course of human actions. In every question of this kind, however, there are certain indirect relations, which, not being upon the surface, are not perceived till the matter is well stirred. They are strangely erroneous, who form their judgment upon the simplicity of external circumstances.
Every government has some particular point—some certain and defined object, to which it looks as to its natural policy. Now, from the days of the empress Catharine, the object of Russian ambition has been to incorporate in its territory the European dominions of Turkey, and to have for the boundaries of its empire, the Baltic on the west, and the Black Sea on the east. Russia, in fact, borders on kingdoms which are vast enough to provide her with objects of ambition for many centuries. China, Persia, and Turkey, are the natural fund of Russian aggrandizement, and it has been accordingly the opinion of many of the wisest of the Russian cabinet, that Russia should keep herself from German quarrels—that her natural interests lie in other quarters, and that her true policy towards the states of Europe is to cultivate and maintain such a good understanding—such a passive amity, as may leave her at full leisure to attend to interests more immediately her own.
It has been the opinion of many of our English statesmen, that England herself had no interests in common with the continent. It has been in the same manner the opinion of the Russian statesmen, that the most immediate interest of Russia is to occupy herself in the due cultivation and improvement of her own territory, and not having nothing to fear from Europe, to consider herself as having nothing to do with them. Russia, said they, has nothing to gain, and certainly nothing to lose, on the side of Germany—her sterile frontier is of itself a bar of iron against any hostile approach; if she could not beat her enemy, she could starve him. Russia, therefore, is in full safety on this side. Her just policy is to be defensive in Germany. Her fund of aggrandizement lies in other quarters.
The empress Catharine always acted upon this policy till the era of the French revolution. It was the unhappy nature of this revolution, that being a war of principles, the contagion reached those whom it could not touch, and that no distance was a security against it. The war therefore which Catharine meditated, and which the emperor Paul executed against the French revolution, was no contradiction to the former system. The war was purely defensive, and had no other object than to abate a nuisance, & cut off a pestilence which corrupted every thing within the wide sphere of its influence.
Neither was the invasion and partition of Poland any departure from the same system. Poland, by its situation on the Vistula, was naturally a desirable object to Russia, the acquisition of it rounded the Russian dominions, & completed the line of natural boundary. Poland, moreover, or at least Russian Poland, though in the loose and general way of speaking amongst geographers it has been sometimes described as a part of Germany, has certainly very little in common with the German states or character; it is rather a Tartar waste and an Asiatic empire, where a hundred miles of plain has but a single town or village. The partition of Poland therefore, was no departure from the adopted system of the Russian cabinet, that Russia had nothing in common with European interests.
The result of what has been above said appears to be, that Russia has two leading points, two fundamental principles, which have hitherto governed her foreign relations. The first is, that she has nothing to do in Europe, but to maintain such amicable and neutral relations as may leave her at leisure to pursue her designs in other quarters. The second principle is, that the natural fund of Russian aggrandizement, that out of which she must work an enlargement of her dominions, is on the side of Turkey, Greece, Persia, and remotely China.
Under these circumstances, it is certainly very possible that Alexander and Napoleon may have enough between them to constitute a contract of partition. Napoleon may perhaps have said—it is to the common interest of the continent that the north and south should have its protector. I will assume the protection and the empire of the states south of the Vistula, do you in turn take those of the north. I will form an empire from the Atlantic to the Adriatic. Do you in turn form one from the Baltic to the Black Sea. Let Turkey and Greece hail you as her deliverer, whilst Spain and Germany in turn acknowledge me. Our two empires will then have the natural boundaries of oceans and rivers, and there can be no apprehension that we can interfere with each other, as there can be no conceivable object for such interposition. Or grant even in the future vicissitudes of things, it may so
happen that France and Russia be so equally aggrandized, so proportionably augmented, that their relative strength will remain the same—that each will remain a match for the other, and that in this equality of strength the battle will be as it ought to be—to the bravest; Why should we fear each other? Why should we stand in each other's way to pursuits which must advance our common interest? In alliance we can effect any thing. If opposed to each other, we mutually check each other's glory. Is it not more therefore to our mutual interest that Russia & France should be both great together, than that one should be jealous conceived by the one at the aggrandizement of the other, neither of them should be enabled to obtain that commanding station, for which nature intended them, and opportunity invites them?
Such we have little doubt is the plan which the French chief has chalked out to conciliate the friendship and alliance of Russia. There is something in this scheme of things which flatters her ambition. Imagine on the other hand that Russia was to declare against France. In such circumstances she would have to wage a perilous war, in which she could by no possibility gain much, but might lose every thing. Let no one therefore be surprised, that the emperor Alexander should retain his faith to France. In an immediate point of view, the alliance between France and Russia is an alliance of victory and participation. France, by her unexampled success, has so much to offer, that it is no reasonable subject of surprise, if by bribing so highly she should accomplish her point. The continent with all her kingdoms and principalities are remain passive. Greece and Turkey, and Persia are equally at the command of the emperor Alexander. With such advantages in the contract between them, is it just matter of wonder that each should adhere to it? We confess, for our own parts, that before we had given the subject a due consideration, we ourselves felt some astonishment at the conduct of the Russian court. But upon an attentive view of probable motives it appears to us, that so long as Bonaparte is successful, so long as he is the strongest power on the continent, so long as he can most facilitate, or most impede the immediate views of Russia, so long will the emperor Alexander remain his magnanimous and faithful ally.
TIME TO COME!
What will be the effect of the infatuation of Austria and her overviews, on the affairs of nations?
This is now an enquiry most interesting; it concerns the whole human race; it is but the prelude to a new and more astonishing revolution than the world has yet known.
Civilization, science, education—manners, religion, morals—power, war, commerce, will undergo such changes as no previous anticipation nor the boldest conceptions can state with accuracy.
How will it operate these effects, is the theme of enquiry?
It will begin with commerce—that master power, that Proteus which has caused the extremes of the world to be drawn into neighborhood, which has given wings to inanimate matter and conquered the elementary powers, the air, and ocean, and space; that Protean power which has spread abroad civilization and crimes—science and rapine, and brought back gold and disease—luxury and avarice—that power commerce, which has, as it were given to nature a new creation, and made mankind at once more intimate, and more capable of appreciating and practising virtue—and of alternate murder and enslavement—which has embellished the earth by multiplying the resources of refinement and the arts, and conflagrated the monuments which it had erected, by exciting avarice and giving to avarice power to wrestle with genius, and outrage the bounties of nature and the behests of God to man.
Commerce, which has been the source of so much good and evil, is about to avenge mankind upon itself, and by the resources which have hitherto encumbered human society with so many afflictions.
The revolution that is to follow the fall of the Austrian monarchy, will be either a general peace, or such a peace as will place hors de la loi —the enemies of human concord. As the buccaneers of a barbarian age punished those who violated their predatory compact, the enemies of human happiness will be excluded from intercourse with the world—a desolate island will be their precinct , and from the society of nations to whose peace they are opposed, they will be, by the common consent of the civilized world, excluded.
It is difficult to anticipate with any plausible exactness, the march of the human genius in magnificent enterprises; but it is not so difficult to investigate causes which we know do exist, and then, by comparison, form a judgment of consequences which seem to be their necessary results.
At what period of time, from the year 1790 to the present day, could any man imagine, in advance, what was to follow at the period of one year next after? The most sagacious have been surpassed in their conceptions, and among the statesmen of modern time, only two men have discerned in the progress of events, any thing like the consequences that were to arise out of them. These were men of dissimilar character, but of penetration greater than their cotemporaries; we allude to the late Charles Fox & Lansdowne (the lord Shelburne of our revolution)—these men foresaw the follies of the coalitions fomented by the British Cabinet, the overthrow of all the thrones of Europe—they foretold them, but were disregarded, and their predictions are now history.
But how is this eventful revolution to be produced—while the fleets of Britain command the ocean without a rival, or even a prospect of a maritime competitor?
The answer to this question may not, perhaps, be so difficult to give as it may on a superficial view seem to be.
There are means of two several kinds, each of which would, of itself, be adequate; and both the means presented by the practice of the very power which provokes them.
The first is, that which has already been begun—and only begun—in the Berlin decree of the French emperor; in other words, a blockade of extrajurisdiction , and exclusion from the whole coast of Europe.
The next, still more effective, and what always gives efficacy to law, a measure founded on the principles of action pursued by the outlawed nation .
The navigation laws of England have been the sources of that power which have aggrandized her, and made her the curse of Europe, Asia, Africa, and America .
The navigation laws of England need only be copied on the continent of Europe; and what follows?
Such inevitably is the process of revolution now going on. The nations of the earth, hitherto, have been made at once tributary to the crevice , the insatiable , and the oppression of England; in the year 1789, all nations rejoiced at the prospect of being rescued from her insolent and odious yoke.
Every civilized nation has suffered from that insolence, and been taxed and impoverished by her spirit of monopoly.
The balance of power will be restored—a law of nations will arise out of the present state of the world, the necessity of the case, and from the very ambition and spirit of glory which governs the extraordinary man, whom the folly and cupidity of Britain, more than any human cause, has raised up to rule and fix the future destinies of Europe.
This appears to us to be the inevitable progression of events, and if good is preferable to evil—if peace be preferable to war—if freedom be preferable to subjection—if concord be preferable to discord—if the possession of human rights be preferable to the incessant aggravation of wrong, then such a revolution must be hailed by every man who reveres the benignity of his creator, and feels a sentiment of joy in the happiness of his species.— AURORA.
ABOLITION OF THE SLAVE TRADE.
The following is a copy of a letter to the editors of the Sierra Leone Gazette , which appeared in that paper March, 1808.
Permit me to send you the following facts for insertion, which will tend to show in what manner some of the natives of this country are disposed to view the abolition of the slave trade.
"Since the abolition of the slave trade was made known in the neighborhood of Goree, a quarrel took place between the king of Daniel and Marabou ; after several skirmishes, the Marabous drove them back, and carried away with them from 500 to 1000 head of cattle, saying that as there was no sale for slaves, they would not take their people; but that as cattle could be turned to advantage, they would take them."
"I had some conversation with a man who took an active part against the king of Daniel ; he assured me that the natives in their neighborhood had no intention of taking any more prisoners, as they would not sell; that the idea, that those who might unavoidably be taken would be put to death, was quite erroneous."
" Mamadou Saani , a powerful and intelligent chief on the river Gambia , told me that he regretted the abolition as being the means of depriving him of considerable emolument, but that he believed, generally speaking, it would be of great service to the country. One very strong reason he gave was, that the want of confidence in each other, occasioned by the fear of kidnapping, or otherwise making slaves, obliged the natives to be constantly armed, and every man to suspect his brother; but that since the abolition they had already begun to lay aside their guns, when they went out; and he had no doubt but, in a short time, they would clear away the woods from about their towns that were then built; and that in building new ones, they would have them in more exposed situations, and that he himself had altered his mind as to the place he had chosen to build a town on the banks of the river, and cut down all the woods near him; and that he intended, as he knew many other natives did, to attend as much as possible to the cultivation of cotton, which grows there in great abundance."
THEATRE ROYAL. HAYMARKET. —On the 25th of May the play of Venice Preserved was performed at this theatre, and Mrs. Siddons, for the last time, represented the unfortunate Belvidera. Her delineation of this arduous character is too well known to need any encomiums.—Cook was particularly happy in his representation of Pierre—his recitation of the following passage produced an electric effect upon the audience.
Pierre .—Yet for all this I am a villain. Jaffier .—A villain! Pierre .—Yes, and a most notorious villain. To see the sufferings of my fellow creatures, And own myself a man—to see our senators Cheat the deluded people with a shew Of liberty, which yet they never must taste of. For upwards of ten minutes the applause was enthusiastic, and there was not an individual in the audience who did not seem to enter fully into the indignation of the wronged Venetian.
We understand it to have been yesterday determined in council, that all the Dutch vessels detained in British ports are to be permitted to return home in ballast, being first furnished with licence for that purpose, which are to be granted without any demand whatever for such licences.— London Print.
FOR SALE —325 ACRES JAMES RIVER LAND.—On the 10th December next, (if fair, or otherwise the next fair day,) the Subscriber will offer for sale on the premises, a Tract of LAND situate in Buckingham county, immediately opposite the mouth of Rock-fish river—Thirty acres of which are prime low ground, & the residue strong, finely timbered upland, well adapted to the culture of Tobacco, Corn, and Wheat.
A credit of one, two and three years will be given, payable at equal instalments, with interest from date, to be remitted if the payments be punctually made. Bonds with approved security will be required. A clear title made, & possession given on the day of sale.
The above Tract of Land has been conveyed to me by Patrick Rose, Jun. of Buckingham, to be sold for the payment of his debts.
ALEX. F. ROSE, Trustee. June 23. 1aw5m.
THE SUBSCRIBER , offers for sale, that elegant and valuable Estate, called WILLTON , lying nine miles below Richmond. The dwelling house is not inferior to any in the state: the offices are commodious; the Garden and yard are handsomely laid out. The situation combines so many advantages, that I am unwilling to give a description of it, wishing any gentleman who is disposed to purchase, to come and view it. It may not be amiss however to observe, that James River runs 100 yards from the door of the house, that vessels of five hundred tons have been loaded at Warwick, one mile above it, that the water carriage to Richmond is only six miles, that there is a good Shad and Herring fishery, and that Wild Fowl are frequently procured. A small Grist-Mill is attached to it on a stream that runs through the plantation.
Also two thousand acres of LAND, lying on Fighting Creek, Powhatan County, two miles from the Court House, which will be divided into two or more lots to suit purchasers. This land is well watered and calculated for the culture of wheat, corn and tobacco.
For terms apply to the Subscriber residing in Richmond, or William Berkeley, in Powhatan.
WILLIAM RANDOLPH. June 23. w5m
WILL be sold on the first day of August next, at William M. Douglass's Tavern in the Town of New Castle, TEN NEGROES to wit: Reuben a mulatto man, Miller Jack, Carpenter Dary, Tom, Spencer, Sukey, Patty and child, Lavinia and Susan, eight head of horses, and all the cattle, sheep and hogs and the plantation utensils, conveyed by deed of trust from John M. Syme to me, to secure the payment of debts due from the said Syme to Parke Street; which deed bears date in December last, and is of record in the county court of Hanover; Or so much of said property will be sold as will be sufficient to answer the purposes of said trust.
SAMUEL GRANTLAND. Hanover, July 7. 1aw5m
WOOD LAND FOR SALE —The Subscriber offers for sale, the tract of Land on which he now resides, lying throughout, on the main fork of Pamunkey river, in the County of Orange, 35 miles from Fredericksburg, and 60 from Richmond, containing 763 acres—a full proportion of which consists of valuable low-grounds. About one half the land is cleared, a large part of which is now fresh. The Wood land is all prime tobacco land, heavily timbered, and peculiarly adapted to the growth of that kind of Tobacco, which commands the highest Richmond market price. There are, perhaps, no land in this part of the Country, on which the planter or farmer can rely with more certainty for a crop, than this, as from the nature of the soil, there is no land on which a crop is sooner matured. The improvements are considerable. The dwelling-house is of two stories, 52 by 20 feet, divided so as to unite convenience with elegance. To one end is attached a wing of 20 feet square. A large and convenient kitchen, laundry and weaving house, the whole comprising six ground rooms, are contained under one roof, and with other out buildings, an Ice-house—A Well of excellent water in the yard, affords every convenience requisite for the accommodation of a large and genteel family. A stable of 14 Stalls—the first story of granite stone, with apartments above for grain, fodder &c. has just been completed. No buildings in fact, necessary for the securing of a crop, or for the comfort of a family are wanting, and what enhances their value, is, they are all new and of choice materials; the land abounding in the best of timber and lying within one mile of a saw mill. One third of the purchase money, will be required in cash.
Westwood Lands, provided they are situated on navigable water in the lower parts of the states of Kentucky or Tennessee, or on the Mississippi above the mouth of the Ohio, will be received in payment, for the balance of the purchase money, if, upon a view of them, their quality and price range. Those, therefore, who hold lands in the above range, and are disposed to barter them in this way, are requested to make immediate application, in person, or by letter post-paid, directed to the Orange Springs Post-Office, and addressed to
DABNEY MINOR. June 15. w8w
IN CHANCERY —In Louisa County Court, April 10th 1809. George Pottic and Charles Thomson, administrators of John Hawkins dec. Plffs. against William Meriwether and Robert Dickinson Defs. The defendant William Meriwether not having entered his appearance and given security, according to an act of assembly, and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court, that he is not an inhabitant of this state: Therefore on the motion of the Plffs. by their attorney: It is ordered and decreed , That the said defendant Meriwether do appear here on the second Monday in July next, and file his answer to the complainant's bill, and that a copy of this order be posted at the front door of the court house of this county, on some court day, and published in some one of the news papers printed in the City of Richmond for eight weeks successively.
A Copy. JOHN POINDEXTER, C. L. C. 1aw5w
VIRGINIA , to wit: At a Court of Appeals held at the Capitol in Richmond, the twentieth day of May, 1809. RULE.—Great inconveniences and delays having arisen from motions to alter, and amend the decrees and special entries of this Court, after they have been entered of record, it is expected that in future the Counsel will respectively in all cases where a special decree or entry shall be deemed necessary, prepare notes of such decree or entry as they may think ought to be made on the decision, to be considered as part of their statement and delivered to the Judges, with the record, at the final argument, in each cause.
A Copy. Teste, J. BROWN, C. C. w1stA.
NOTICE —On Monday the 23rd day of October next, will be sold at WHITBY , in the County of Chesterfield, upon a credit of 12 months: the personal estate of the late Col. Robert Goode, consisting of the present crop of Corn, Wheat, Oats, Fodder and Hay; the stock of Horses, Cows, Sheep and Hogs; the plantation utensils and Household and Kitchen furniture. Bonds and approved security will be required of the purchasers to carry interest from the date if not punctually paid.
It is particularly requested that all those who may have claims against the Estate, will make them known immediately, to either of the subscribers, in order that provision may be made for payment.
RICHARD B. GOODE, } Admrs of the FRANCIS GOODE. } Will annexed.
THAT valuable and well known Estate called Whitby , on James River, about three miles from the town of Manchester, will also be sold by private contract; it contains 1262 Acres of Land, about 220 acres of which are of the first rate low-grounds, and more than one half of the residue thereof is heavily timbered. To this Estate there is attached one of the best Fisheries on James River, and every convenient and necessary House for the accommodation of a Family. An indisputable title will be made and possession given on the first day of December next, with the liberty of sowing small Grain at any time, agreeable to the purchaser. The terms may be known on application to
RICHARD B. GOODE, } Manchester FRANCIS GOODE, } Powhatan. } w1stO
HENNING & MUNFORD'S REPORTS. LEWIS ADAMS has just received fresh supplies of BOOKS from Baltimore, Philadelphia and New York, which with those on hand and others daily expected, he flatters himself makes his assortment more valuable and extensive than any other collection in Richmond, all of which he would cheerfully exchange for cash at the regular prices.
Vol. 1 and 2 Henning and Munford's Reports royal 8 vo. cf. at $6 50 per vol from the press of I. Riley, New York, who has the copy right.
Woman or Ida of Athens , 2 vol. 25 and 1 75 boards. In recommending this interesting Novel to the literary world, it is only necessary to observe that it is from the pen of the celebrated Miss Owen , and ranks among the first of her productions. Essay on Sepulchres! Godwin ; The complete Farrier ; Reliques of Robert Burns ; by Gronick ; Memoirs of an American Lady, by Mrs. Grant , author of Letters from the Mountains &c. &c.
John de Lancaster a Novel by Richard Cumberland ; The Hugenarian Brothers by Miss Porter , author of Thaddeus of Warsaw. This is an interesting novel, the style of which, as 'tis from the pen of one whose heart is the seat of every virtue, is pure, sprightly and unaffected. Vol. 1 American law Journal ; Newland on Contracts , Selwyn's Nisi Prius , Kidd on Awards and a few of every law publication from the press of Messrs. Farrand & Co. Philadelphia.
The History of the Administration of John Adams. Memoirs of the hon. Thomas Jefferson , 2 vols. 8 vo. $ 5 1-2 bound; $ 4 50 boards, a new work.
A large assortment of children's books. July 14. w8w
FOR SALE OR RENT —That valuable property adjoining the city of Richmond, called the COLUMBIAN MILLS . Mr. Samuel Leech, living on the premises, will show the property to any person inclined to rent or purchase. The terms will be made known by application to the Subscriber residing in Norfolk.
JOHN GRANBERY. July 11. if
A N ELEGANT ESTABLISHMENT FOR SALE —The House and Tenement where the subscriber lately resided. This tenement justly ranks amongst the first in this place, combining elegance, convenience, contiguity to the Capitol, and in the centre of a most agreeable neighborhood. For terms apply to Mr. Wm. Long who is fully authorised to contract for the same.
J. PENN. June 23. if
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD —Ran away from the Subscriber on the 29th day of June 1809, a light colored Mulatto woman named Laurena , about twenty two years of age, rather inclined to be fat, & somewhat under the common height—She has very bushy air, and a freckled face, and had sores on both arms, one of which was occasioned by a burn just above her left elbow—there is also a scar on one side of her neck—She was dressed in a white India cotton wrapper when she went away; but it is probable she may change her dress and cut off her hair. It is possible she will endeavor to pass as a free woman, and to get to some of the Northern States. All captains of vessels are warned from carrying her out of the state. If she is taken out of this City, reasonable expenses will be paid besides the above reward.
ANNA BYRD. July 4. if
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD —Ran away, about the 14th of last month, from the subscriber, residing in the city of Richmond, a Mulatto Man named GEORGE , about 23 or 24 years of age. He is, I believe, about 5 feet 9 or 10 inches high, with rather large limbs, and a little knock-kneed; his complexion is tolerably bright, and his hair is rather more straight than that of mulattoes generally. He has lost the first joint of his middle or fore finger of one of his hands, which, I think, is the right hand, but the finger is perfectly cured. I do not recollect any other visible mark by which I can describe him. I am informed that he has changed his name, & it is probable that he will, with forged papers, attempt to pass as a free man. All boatmen and masters or skippers of vessels, are particularly cautioned against carrying him away. The above reward will be given to any person who will bring the said slave to me, or apprehend him so that I may recover him.
J. ROBINSON. June 13. if
HAVING executed a deed of trust to Benjamin Oliver, Jr. William Cunningham, and Samuel Richardson , conveying certain property therein mentioned, to them, for the purpose of making sale thereof, in order to discharge all debts for which I am bound for my father, and my own debts—It is therefore my wish that all such creditors may as soon as possible, make their respective claims known to the above named gentlemen, that they may know how far to carry the sales, which will take place the 1st of August next.
JOHN M. SYME. June 9. if
VALUABLE PROPERTY FOR SALE. PURSUANT to a deed of trust executed to us, by John M. Syme , of the County of Hanover, for the purpose of satisfying all debts for which he is bound for his father's & his own debts—we shall, on Tuesday, the first day of August next, if fair, if not, the next fair day, upon the premises, proceed to sell, four hundred and sixty three acres, (by a late survey) of prime and valuable land, adjoining the Town of New Castle, upon Pamunkey River , and the ferry across that river. Also, ELEVEN NEGROES , consisting of MEN, WOMEN, BOYS AND GIRLS and the stock of HORSES, CATTLE, HOGS, SHEEP , and implements of husbandry, &c. conveyed by the said instrument. Such title as we hold as trustees will be made the purchaser or purchasers, and possession of the land given at Christmas with the privilege of seeding wheat this fall. The terms of sale will be one third cash, one third in six months, and the balance in 12 months, from the day of sale. Interest will be expected upon the distant payments. Bonds with approved security will be required of the purchasers of the personal property, and Bonds with deeds of trust upon the land and ferry of the respective purchasers. The land &c. will be shown by Mr. WM. CUNNINGHAM , living in New-Castle, or either of the Mr. SYMES , to any person wishing to view the premises. Creditors will be allowed to purchase, and their claims discounted. According to Mr. John M. Syme's notification above, we or either of us, will receive the amount of any claim, and it is our wish that they be made known prior to the day of sale. There are some previous liens upon this property, or some of it, to secure certain debts, which will be first paid, according to their several dates. Proposals for any part of the above property will be received by either of the trustees prior to the sale.
BENJAMIN OLIVER, Jr. WM. CUNNINGHAM. SAML. RICHARDSON. New-Castle. June 9. tds
NOTICE —Sutors in the Chancery district court of Williamsburg, and in the county court of James City, and Hustings court of Williamsburg, who entrusted business to my management will communicate with William Armistead, Esq. to whom I have committed the care of the causes in which I was concerned. He resides in New Kent county near the court house, but is now in Williamsburg.
J. SEMPLE. Williamsburg, July 18. 4t
NOTICE —The subscriber having rented the Amherst Sulphur Springs for the present year, takes this method to inform the public that there have been considerable improvements made there since the last season for the reception of company, and flatters himself, that he will have it in his power to accommodate those persons who may think proper to visit the Springs in a better manner than they have been heretofore at that place.
CHARLES L. BARRET. July 7. 3w
BY virtue of a Deed of Trust , executed by James H. Gordon dec'd and Maria his wife , to the subscriber, on the first day of November, 1808, and recorded in the Hustings court of