The Virginia gazette (Williamsburg [Va.]), 1774-11-10 00:00:00

VIRGINIA
GAZETTE.
With the freest ADVICES,
FOREIGN and DOMESTICK.
IN CIVITATE LIBERA LINGUAM MENTEMQUE
LIBERAS ESSE DEBERE. Suet. in Tib. S. 28.
Printed by ALEX. PURDIE, and JOHN DIXON, at the POST OFFICE.
WILLIAMSBURG, November 10.
THIS Afternoon the whole Body of Merchants at present in this City, supposed to be between 4 and 500, waited upon the Honourable PEYTON RANDOLPH, Esq; and the rest of the Delegates of this Colony assembled at the Capitol, and presented the following ADDRESS:
To the Honourable PEYTON RANDOLPH, Esq; MODERATOR, and the other DELEGATES of the People of Virginia, who assembled at the Capitol, in Williamsburg, on Wednesday the 9th of November 1774.
The Address of the MERCHANTS, TRADERS, and others, at a general Meeting in Williamsburg.
GENTLEMEN, OUR generous and voluntary Interposition, at a Time when we were under Apprehensions that some Measures would be adopted derogatory to the Importance of the Cause we wish to support with Propriety, and contrary to the Intention of the General Congress, and by your Wisdom and Prudence pointing out such Methods of Proceeding as have removed our Fears, and given universal Satisfaction, demands our grateful Acknowledgment.
Truly sensible of the Necessity of preserving Peace and Harmony, not only between the different Colonies, but also among all Ranks and Societies in each Colony, and to show our Readiness to concur in such prudent Measures as are most likely to procure a Redress of our Grievances, we now present the Association, voluntarily and generally signed; and as we, on our Parts, resolve to adhere strictly thereto, we hope to be favoured with your Advice and Assistance on every future Emergency.
To which they received the following ANSWER:
GENTLEMEN, IT gives us great Satisfaction to find that our Conduct has received the Approbation of your respectable Body, and you may be assured we shall on all Occasions endeavour to move on the firm Principles of Justice and the Constitution. The Delegates are very sensible of the great Advantage this Country will receive from your Union with them, and they consider it as very meritorious that you, disregarding the Influence of your commercial Interest, have generously concurred with them in the great Struggle for Liberty. Such Unanimity, we trust, will convince an inimical Administration of the Imprudence of their Measures, and produce Effects so salutary as to make us reflect with Pleasure on the Part we have taken in Support of American Freedom.
Extracts from the Votes and Proceedings of the AMERICAN CONTINENTAL CONGRESS; Friday, October 14, 1774.
RESOLVED, that this Congress do approve of the Opposition made by the Inhabitants of the Massachusetts Bay to the Execution of the late Acts of Parliament; and if the same shall be attempted to be carried into Execution, by Force, in such Case all America, ought to support them in their Opposition.
Resolved, that it is the Opinion of this Body that the Removal of the People of Boston into the Country would be not only extremely difficult in the Execution, but so important in its Consequences, as to require the utmost Deliberation before it is adopted; but in Case the Provincial Meeting of that Colony shall judge it absolutely necessary, it is the Opinion of this Congress that all America ought to contribute towards recompensing them for the Injury they may thereby sustain, and it will be recommended accordingly.
Resolved, that this Congress do recommend to the Inhabitants of the Colony of Massachusetts Bay to submit to a Suspension of the Administration of Justice, where it cannot be procured in a legal and peaceable Manner under the Rules of the Charter and the Laws founded thereon, until the Effects of our Application for a Repeal of the Acts by which their Charter Rights are infringed is known.
Resolved unanimously, that every Person or Persons whomsoever, who shall take, accept, or act under any Commission or Authority, in any Wise derived from the Act passed in the last Session, of Parliament changing the Form of Government and violating the Charter of the Province of the Massachusetts Bay, ought to be held in Detestation and Abhorrence by all good Men, and considered as the wicked Tools of that Despotism which is prepared to destroy those Rights which God, Nature, and Compact, have given to America.
Resolved unanimously, that the People of Boston and the Massachusetts Bay be advised still to conduct themselves peaceably towards his Excellency General Gage, and his Majesty's Troops now stationed in the Town of Boston, as far as can possibly consist with their immediate Safety, and the Security of the Town, avoiding and discountenancing every Violation of his Majesty's Property, or any Insult to his Troops; and that they peaceably and firmly persevere in the Line in which they are now conducting themselves, on the Defensive.
Resolved, That the seizing, or attempting to seize, any Person in America, in Order to transport such Person beyond the Sea, for Trial of Offences committed within the Body of a County in America, being against Law, will justify, and ought, to meet with Resistance and Reprisal.
Resolved, As the Opinion of the Congress, that it will be necessary that a Congress should be held on the 10th Day of May next, unless the Redress of Grievances, which we have desired, be obtained before that Time; and we recommend that the same be held at the City of Philadelphia, and that all the Colonies in North America choose Deputies, as soon as possible; to attend such Congress.
Resolved, that the Congress, in their own Names, and in Behalf of all those whom they represent, do present their most grateful Acknowledgments to those truly noble, honourable, and patriotick Advocates of civil and religious Liberty, who have so generously and powerfully, though unsuccessfully, espoused and defended the Cause of America, both in and out of Parliament.
A Copy of a Letter to General Gage was brought into Congress, and, agreeable to Order, signed by the President, and is as follows:
SIR, PHILADELPHIA, October 10, 1774. THE Inhabitants of the Town of Boston have informed us, the Representatives of his Majesty's faithful Subjects, in all the Colonies from Nova Scotia to Georgia, that the Fortifications erecting within that Town, the frequent Invasions of private Property, and the repeated Insults they receive from the Soldiers, have given them great Reason to suspect a Plan is formed very destructive to them, and tending to overthrow the Liberties of America.
Your Excellency cannot be a Stranger to the Sentiments of America with Respect to the late Acts of Parliament, under the Execution of which those unhappy People are oppressed, the Approbation universally expressed of their Conduct, and the determined Resolution of the Colonies for the Preservation of their common Rights, to unite in their Opposition to those Acts. In Consequence of these Sentiments, they have appointed us the Guardians of their Rights and Liberties, and we are under the deepest Concern, that, whilst we are pursuing every dutiful and peaceable Measure to procure a cordial and effectual Reconciliation between Great Britain and the Colonies, your Excellency should proceed
a Manner that bears so hostile an Appearance, and which even those oppressive Acts do not warrant.
We entreat your Excellency to consider what a Tendency this Conduct must have to irritate and force a People, however well disposed to peaceable Measures, into Hostilities; which may prevent the Endeavours of this Congress to restore a good Understanding with the Parent State, and may involve us in the Horrors of a civil War.
In Order, therefore, to quiet the Minds and remove the reasonable Jealousies of the People, that they may not be driven to a State of Desperation, being fully persuaded of their pacific Disposition towards the King's Troops, could they be assured of their own Safety, we hope, Sir, you will discontinue the Fortifications in and about Boston, prevent any farther Invasions of private Property, restrain the Irregularities of the Soldiers, and give Orders that the Communications between the Town and Country may be open, unobstructed, and free.
Signed by Order and in Behalf of the General Congress. PEYTON RANDOLPH, President.
FRIDAY NIGHT 7 o'Clock. By the Northern Post, just arrived, the Honourable PLYTON RANDOLPH, Esq; has received the following Letter from General GAGE, in Answer to that wrote to him by the GENERAL CONGRESS on the 10th of October last.
To the Honourable PEYTON RANDOLPH, Esq; SIR, BOSTON, October 20, 1774.
REPRESENTATIONS should be made with Candour, and Matters stated exactly as they stand. People would be led to believe, from your Letter to me of the 10th Instant, that Works were raised against the Town of Boston, private Property invaded, the Soldiers suffered to insult the Inhabitants, and the Communication between the Town and Country shut up and molested.
Nothing can be farther from the true Situation of this Place than the above State. There is not a single Gun pointed against the Town, no Man's Property has been seized or hurt, except the King's, by the People's destroying Straw, Bricks, &c. bought for his Service. No Troops have given less Cause for Complaint, and greater Care was never taken to prevent it; and such Care and Attention was never more necessary, from the Insults and Provocations daily given to both Officers and Soldiers. The Communication between the Town and Country has been always free and unobstructed, and is so still.
Two Works of Earth have been raised at some Distance from the Town, wide of the Road, and Guns put in them. The Remains of old Works, going out of the Town, have been strengthened, and Guns placed there likewise. People will think differently, whether the hostile Preparations throughout the Country, and the Menaces of Blood and Slaughter, made this necessary. But I am to do my Duty.
It gives me Pleasure that you are endeavouring at a cordial Reconciliation with the Mother Country; which, from what has transpired, I have despaired of. Nobody wishes better Success to such Measures than myself. I have endeavoured to be a Mediator, if I could establish a Foundation to work upon; and have strongly urged it to People here to pay for the Tea and send a proper Memorial to the King, which would be a good Beginning on their Side, and give their Friends the Opportunity they seek to move in their Support.
I do not believe that Menaces, and unfriendly Proceedings, will have the Effect which many conceive. The Spirit of the British Nation was high when I left England, and such Measures will not abate it. But I should hope that Decency and Moderation here would create the same Disposition at home; and I ardently wish that the common Enemies to both Countries may see, to their Disappointment, that these Disputes between the Mother Country and the Colonies have terminated like the Quarrels of Lovers, and increased the Affection which they ought to bear to each other. I am, Sir, Your most obedient humble Servant, THOMAS GAGE.
Want of Time, the Printer begs Leave to assure the Publick, is the sole Reason why he cannot lay before them this Week the Resolves entered into by the GENERAL CONGRESS for asserting and vindicating the Rights and Liberties of America; but they may rely upon seeing them in the next Gazette, as well as any other of the Proceedings of that respectable Body which may come to his Hands. And, as soon as he can collect the Whole, he proposes printing the same in an elegant Pamphlet; so very becoming the important Subjects, and the dignified and masterly Style in which they are written.
BOSTON, October 10.
On Monday last his Excellency General Gage gave the following Answer to the Address of the Provincial Congress.
GENTLEMEN, THE previous Menaces daily thrown out, and unusual warlike Preparations throughout the Country, made it an Act of Duty in me to pursue the Measures I have taken in constructing what you call a Fortress; which, unless annoyed, will annoy Nobody. It is surely highly exasperating, as well as ungenerous, even to hint that the Lives, Liberties, or Properties, of any Persons, except avowed Enemies, are in Danger from Britons. Britain can never harbour the black Design of wantonly destroying or enslaving any People on Earth; and notwithstanding the Enmity shown the King's Troops, by withholding from them almost every Necessary for their Preservation, they have not as yet discovered the Resentment which might justly be expected to arise from such hostile Treatment.
No Person can be more solicitous than myself to preserve Union and Harmony between Great Britain and her Colonies, and I ardently wish to contribute to the Completion of a Work so salutary to both Countries; but an open and avowed Disobedience to all her Authority is only bidding Defiance to the Mother Country, and gives little Hopes of bringing a spirited Nation to that favourable Disposition which a more decent and dutiful Conduct might effect.
Whilst you complain of Acts of Parliament that make Alterations in your Charter, and put you, in some Degree, on the same Footing with many other Provinces, you will not forget that by your present assembling you are yourselves subverting that Charter, and now acting in direct Violation of your own Constitution. It is my Duty, therefore, however irregular your Application is, to warn you of the Rock you are upon, and to require you to desist from such illegal and unconstitutional Proceedings. THOMAS GAGE.
On Friday the 14th Instant an Address was presented to Governor Gage from the Convention of Committees for the County of Worcester, complaining of many Grievances, particularly the Acts for blocking the Port of Boston, and for altering their civil Government (which they are determined never to submit to but with their Lives) the Fortifications upon the Neck, and sending for more Reinforcements of Troops; and earnestly desiring his Excellency to desist from any farther hostile Preparations, to level the Intrenchments, and dismantle the Fortifications, which would tend to satisfy their Doubts, and restore that Confidence so essential to their Quiet and his Majesty's Service. To which they received from his Excellency the following Answer: "Gentlemen, I have repeatedly given the strongest Assurances that I intend nothing hostile against the Town or Country, and therefore desire you to ease the Minds of the People against any Reports that may have been industriously spread amongst them to the contrary. My Wish is to preserve Peace and Tranquillity. With Respect to the Execution of the Port Bill, it is a Matter belonging to other Departments; and if any Thing is done not warranted by the said Act, the Law is open for Redress. THOMAS GAGE."
PETERSBURG, August 16.
ON Sunday Morning last Peace with the Ottoman Porte was proclaimed in four different Parts of this Capital by a Major of the Guards, who officiated as Herald on that Occasion; and immediately afterwards her Imperial Majesty, accompanied by the Great Duke and Dutchess, proceeded to the Church of Cazan, where, after the Celebration of Mass, Te Deum was sung, at which all the Nobility and foreign Ministers were present. In the Evening, there was a brilliant Court at the Summer Palace.
As the Preparations for the Celebration of the Peace are not yet finished, the Empress and their Imperial Highnesses propose to remove to Zarfco-Zelo on Thursday next.
LONDON, August 20.
THE Troops that were ordered from Ireland, for America, are countermanded; and a Battalion of the Guards, it is said, have Orders to be ready to embark for Boston.
The Lord Lieutenant of Ireland is to have a Pension of 2000l. per Annum, as soon as he is out of Office.
The Orders that were given on the Death of the late King of France, for discharging a Number of hired Troops, is countermanded.
Orders are issued, in Ireland, to prevent the Sale of any Salt Provisions to either the French or Spaniards.
Orders were on Tuesday sent off from the War Office, to Ireland, to discharge the Transports which were taken up at Cork and Kinsale on Government Account, a Stop being put to the Embarkation of Troops from that Kingdom.
August 25. A Report prevails, that a certain Assembly in America lately offered their Allegiance to the young King of France, on Condition of his taking them under his Protection, which he, much to his Honour, refused, giving them for Answer, that he had dissatisfied Subjects enough already. [A very pretty Piece of News, indeed!]
The most sincere, as well as solemn Engagements, we are informed, have, within these few Days, been entered into, by the Kings of Great Britain and France, for cultivating the utmost Friendship possible between the two Courts, during their Lives; but it is feared, that no Engagement will prevent a Frenchman from pursuing his Interest.
August 26. The Island of Candia, which is ceded by the Empress of Russia to Great Britain, according to Treaty, is situated in the Mediterranean Sea, just at the Mouth of the Archipelago, in Latitude 35 Degrees 19 Minutes N. Longitude 25 Degrees 23 Minutes E. It is the ancient Crete, is 200 Miles long and 60 broad, almost equally distant from Europe, Asia, and Africa, in the Centre of the Whole, and is a Place of great Trade, resorted to by all the Nations of Europe. It has two large Bays or Anchorings for Shipping, one at Candia, the Capital, the other at Canea, and a smaller one at Brofa, which last is chiefly resorted to by the Italians. It will be of the utmost Consequence to the Levant Trade, and a small Force will be enough to keep it in the Hands of the English. This Island cost the Turks a Siege of 24 Years, in which they lost 200,000 Men, having been obliged to storm the Fortifications no less than 56 Times.
Sir Robert Barber, who commanded the East India Company's Troops, and who for some Time likewise commanded the Force of Sujah Dowlah, is returned to England, in the Bridgewater Indian, with a Fortune of 500,000l. which he acquired with immaculate Reputation.
August 29. Fourteen Sail of Transports, from 200 to 500 Tons Burthen, are said to be ordered to be taken up, at different Parts, for Government Service.
We hear express Orders have been sent over to the Commander in Chief to prevent the American Congress, at every Event; but other Accounts say, the Deliberations of the American General Congress are impatiently waited for, and with more Attention by France and Spain than even those of the British Parliament have been for some Years past. They have already their Agents and Spies in the Colonies.
Expresses are almost continually passing between Lord Stormont and the Ministry at home, relative to the Defins forming by some foreign Powers, which forebode Disturbance to the Repose of Europe.
August 31. They write from the Hague, that the States General have given Orders for all the Barrier Towns of the Republick, both in Holland and Flanders, to be as completely garrisoned as in War Time.
Extract of a Letter from Paris, August 25. "It is reported here that Spain has declared War against Portugal, and has demanded 30,000 Men from France, as is stipulated in the Family Compact; but how far this Report is credited we do not pretend to say, though all the Letters received here by the Spanish Mail mention it as a Fact. If so, it is for no other End than to draw the pacific Court of London into a War, it being impossible that England should remain neutral in a Dispute between Spain and Portugal."
"We are informed that our Court has agreed to assist the City of Dantzick against the King of Prussia, to enable the Dantzickers to maintain their Liberty, and defeat the projected Usurpation of that Monarch."
It is reported that the Ministry are so much embarrassed by the Firmness of the Bostonians, that they are much divided in Opinion about future Measures. Some are for making a Retreat, and with to be furnished by the Americans with an honourable Presence; others breathe Fire and Sword, and are for teaching the Americans Loyalty on English Gibbets. It is generally believed the Parliament will be called in October, to deliberate and determine on these American Affairs; and it is whispered, that a certain great Personage is strongly inclined to put the Management of them into the Hands of Lord Chatham. Our American Territories are too powerful an Empire to be governed by unsteady Councils; they require a wise Head to plan, and a powerful Arm to execute. A wise Minister should be cautious how he enters into a Quarrel; but, once entered in, should be firm and resolute in the Prosecution. Our Ministry fought the Quarrel with America; and, by their unsteady Manner of conducting it, have taught the Colonists to despise the Head and Arm of Administration.
If a War with the Continent, which seems most probable, should take Place, a Correspondent says we shall soon see the Metropolis of this Nation fixed in America.
It is reported that a certain Nobleman, who has been lately much courted to undertake a Share in the Administration of Government, has refused to enter into any Negotiation till the Boston Port Bill is repealed.
We hear, from very good Authority, that a Pension is granted, on the Irish Establishment, of 3000l. per Annum to the Queen of Denmark.
A Treaty is reported to be on Foot between the Courts of Turin and Versailles, by Virtue of which his Most Christian Majesty is to cede Corsica to the King of Sardinia, reserving, however, the Privilege of free Entrance for all French Ships into the different Ports of the Island, and an uninterrupted Trade. This Treaty is said to be very far advanced, and even that the formal Cession of Corsica will be made before Christmas next; but we must wait the farther Confirmation of this Account before it can be entirely credited, nothing being as yet talked of as an Equivalent from Sardinia to France for the Cession.
The conduct of Lord Stormont, at Paris, has done great Honour to him, and to this Nation. When the Duke of Orleans dared to offer him an Insult, it was certainly not only justifiable to demand personal Satisfaction, but as he was affronted by a Prince of the Blood, and at Court, to withdraw from that Court till the Affair was settled in a Manner suited to his own personal Dignity as a Nobleman; and more so, as his Majesty, our Sovereign, was virtually insulted in the Person of his Representation.

A few Days ago Lord Mansfield set out for Paris, which Step seems extraordinary; but the Friends of the Ministry say that Lord Stormont, keeping only low Company at Paris, has occasioned the French Court to treat him very coldly, and that Lord Mansfield is gone to instruct him better. May be so, but a Message which the Emperor caused his Ambassador here to deliver, a few Days ago, seems to put a different Complexion upon it. The Ambassador demanded an Audience, at which, it is said, he expressed himself to this Effect: "If the King of Great Britain avowed the Language lately held by his Electoral Minister, he must expect the Emperor to oppose him in every Step he took in the Empire." It was asked to have this Answer in Writing, but the Ambassador did not choose to comply with that Request.
September 1. A Subscription is about to be opened for the Relief of the Bostonians. The Lord Mayor, Mr. George Healey, and several other principal Merchants and Gentlemen, have intimated their Intention to become liberal Subscribers. If there is a Spark of publick Virtue amongst the People, these Examples will be followed with the zealous Ardour of Men who prize Liberty too well themselves to suffer their American Brethren to be deprived of so invaluable a Birthright.
September 2. By Lord Mansfield's Departure for Paris the Ministry hope to penetrate into the mysterious Intentions of the French Cabinet, in Order that Great Britain may be prepared for the worst that can happen. By Accounts from his Lordship, the Appearance of Things is in Favour of Peace.
It is thought that a Body of Hanoverian Troops will soon be taken into British Pay, unless the Emperor of Germany, who is on bad Terms with the Electorate, should find Employment for them at home.
The Spaniards are preparing to commence a new War with us, and have already attacked the Portuguese, as a Prelude to it.
The following Regiments, from the Irish Establishment, are fixed on to go to America, viz. the 49th, 55th, and 63rd, to relieve the 16th, 18th, and 20th; and the 45th, to relieve the 1st Battalion of the Royals, at Gibraltar.
The Parliament will certainly meet for the Despatch of publick Business, on the 14th of November.
The Duke de Choiseul was on the 20th of August placed as Prime Minister, at the Head of the Councils of France.
Orders are issued, from the War Office, for raising Recruits in Great Britain and Ireland.
Some very Important Advices were received on the 29th from General Gage, and several other Governors in North America.
Transports are engaged at Brest to carry six Regiments of Infantry to the French West India Islands.
Eleven Sail of the Line, besides Frigates, and a vast Number of Transports, having on Board near 12,000 Men, are sailed from different Ports in Spain for their Settlements in the South Seas. &c.
Marshal Romanzow will not quit one of his Posts until the Armistice with the Turks is fixed on the firmest Basis, and the late advantageous Terms of Peace are fully completed.
It is confidently asserted in the City, that Lord North is greatly embarrassed on Account of some fresh Intelligence lately received from our Ambassador at Paris, and that he has desired Leave to resign his Employment, which Request was not complied with.
At the Meeting of the Bill of Rights on Tuesday last the Gentlemen who compose that Society took the Liberty of recommending to the independent Electors of Great Britain to form the following Articles into a solemn Declaration, which the Candidates, whom they support, shall be required, as the indispensable Condition of their being supported, to sign and seal publicly at the general Meeting, or at that Place of Election, binding themselves by Oath to a due and sacred Observance of what is therein contained:
1st. You shall consent to no Supplies without a previous Redress of Grievances.
2d. You shall promote a Law subjecting each Candidate to an Oath against having used Bribery, or any other illegal Means of compassing his Election.
3d. You shall promote, to the utmost of your Power, a full and equal Representation of the People in Parliament.
4th. You shall endeavour to restore annual Parliaments.
5th. You shall promote a Pension and a Place Bill, enacting, that any Member who receives a Place, Pension, Contract, Lottery Tickets, or any other Emolument whatsoever, from the Crown, or enjoys Profit from any such Place, Pension, &c. shall not only vacate his Seat, but be absolutely ineligible during his Continuance under such undue Influence.
6th. You shall impeach the Ministers who advised the violating the Right of the Freeholders in the Middlesex Election, and the military Murderers in St. George's Fields.
7th. You shall make strict Inquiry into the Conduct of Judges, touching Juries.
8th. You shall make strict Inquiry into the Application of the publick Money.
9th. You shall use your utmost Endeavours to have the Resolution of the House of Commons expunged by which the Magistrates of the City of London were arbitrarily imprisoned for strictly adhering to their Charter and their Oaths, and also that Resolution by which a judicial Record was erased to stop the Course of Justice.
10th. You shall attend to the Grievances of our Fellow Subjects in Ireland, and second the Complaint they bring to the Throne.
11th. You shall endeavour to restore to America the essential Right of Taxation by Representatives of their own free Election, repealing the Acts passed in Violation of that Right since the Year 1763, and the universal Excise, so notoriously incompatible with every Principle of British Liberty, which has been lately substituted in the Colonies, instead of the Laws of Customs.
A Gentleman just returned from France says, that immense Numbers of our new Guineas are carried into that Kingdom, where they are melted down. They sell for 11. rs. 5d. and 11. rs. 6d.
At St. Alban's Market, in Hertfordshire, on Saturday last a Quantity of new Wheat was brought to Town, which sold at a very reasonable Price. The Farmers acknowledge their Crops to have been as fine as at any Time for many Years back.
Friday a Clerk, belonging to a Merchant of this City, went off with upwards of 2000 l. in Cash and Notes, the Property of his Master.
On Wednesday last the following melancholy Accident happened at the House of Mr. F. Collet, near Amerham, between ten and eleven o'Clock at Night. Some of the Family were alarmed by a Noise in the Yard, which they imagined was occasioned by some Persons endeavouring to break open the House. Mr. Collet went up Stairs with a loaded Blunderbuss, and looking out of a back Window saw a Man in the Yard, at whom he immediately fired, and lodged the Contents of the Piece in his Body. As soon as the Neighbours were gathered together, they went to the Body of the supposed Robber, who proved to be Mr. Collet's own Son. The unfortunate young Man had been in London, and was not expected home till the succeeding Day; but returning at the above Time, and having the Key of a Garden Gate, let himself in, which occasioned this lamentable Catastrophe.
Friday Morning two Houses in the Mint, Southwark, fell down, and a great Number of Persons were buried in the Ruins. Nine were taken out, some of whom were very little hurt, four very dangerously, who were carried to the Hospital; and at one o'Clock on Saturday Afternoon fifteen had been taken out dead, among whom was a Woman that was expected to be delivered every Hour. Several more Bodies are still under the Ruins.
They write from Gibraltar, of the 2d Instant, that one of his Majesty's armed Sloops was just arrived from Algiers, where she put in, but was soon ordered out of the Harbour by the Dey; that they saw several strong Ramparts building towards the Sea, and that an incredible Number of Slaves was employed on them.
A new Attempt will be made to discover the North East Passage, from a Colony lately found to the northward of Davis's Straits.
Wednesday Mr. Cheydon, of Haydown, in Oxfordshire, and his Wife, were found, the former in his Chair with his Brains beat out, and the latter speechless on the Ground, mangled and cut in such a Manner that they expired soon after. The Villains who committed the Murder stripped the House of near 200 l. in Cash, but took away no Furniture, nor any Thing else of Value.
Letters from Peterburg intimate, that the Empress of Russia has given Orders for several curious and valuable Pieces of Mechanism, which are intended to be presented to his Majesty as a Testimony of Gratitude for the Assistance afforded her during the War with the Grand Seignor, and the friendly Part he took in forwarding the lately concluded happy Cessation of Hostilities.
Advices are received from Brest, that Transports are taken up there to carry over six Regiments of Infantry to the French Islands in the West Indies, but do not specify the particular Places.
Extract of a Letter from Madrid, August 6. "The formidable Preparations now making in our Seaports, and the great Number of Land Forces raised and mostly embarked for the East and West Indies, certainly indicate that a War is not far off; but with
what Power the most profound Politicians are at a Loss to declare, with Certainty."
The following Account has been received from an English Gentleman at Madrid. The King and his Ministers are very anxious to be at War with Great Britain, and are endeavouring to gain over the young French Monarch to join them. However, it is said they will be disappointed in this Expectation; for, during the last two Months, Messages have been continually going to Versailles, to prevail upon the young King to comply with the Request of the Spanish Monarch, but all the Answers they received were to the following Effect: That he wished to preserve Peace with his Neighbours the English, as long as they do not injure the Honour of his Crown, or Welfare of his People, and that when he ascended the Throne he made the same solemn Protestation; and that it would be giving them, and every Monarch in Europe, a bad Opinion of his Sincerity to break his Word already. As his Grandfather did, so he should ever esteem the Friendship of England; and he would do every Thing in his Power to cultivate it, consistent with the Character that a Prince should maintain.
Advices are said to be received from our Ambassador at the Court of Madrid, which give a particular Account of the Armaments fitting out in the Spanish Ports.
Letters from Count Romanzow, to the Russian Court, give an Account of his having strongly fortified all the advantageous Posts he has taken, and otherwise used such wise Precautions as will effectually fix the Peace on the firmest Basis.
A Ship, lately arrived from the Mediterranean, brings the following Account: That the States of Barbary are fitting out great Numbers of armed Corsairs, from 16 to 46 Guns, so that it is not to be doubted but the Mediterranean will soon be covered with these piratical Cruisers. The Reason of these extraordinary Preparations cannot be guessed at, as none of the European Powers are at War with them. So careful are the Barbarians to conceal their real Intentions, that no Christian Vessels are suffered to anchor in any of their Ports.
It is confidently asserted, that the Landholders in Scotland are considerably lowering their Rents; in Order, if possible, to prevent the frequent Emigrations.
September 3. There are Letters in Town, dated from Lisbon the 14th ult. which make no mention of War being declared against Spain; but say, that some Demands were lately made by the Court of Madrid on the Portuguese, which the latter do not choose to comply with, and therefore they are augmenting their Forces both by Sea and Land, on a Supposition that a War will be the Consequence.
Extract of a Letter from Edinburgh, August 30. "This Morning a very barbarous Murder was committed in the Pleasants, by one Cumming, a travelling Chapman, who, it appears, was often disordered in his Mind. A Child of his died this Morning of the Smallpox, which when he discovered in a Fit of Madness he killed his Wife and his Maid Servant with an Axe, and afterwards attempted to hang himself; but having failed in his Attempt, he immediately cut his Throat."
Orders are given for a general Muster and Return to be made of the Militia Forces in every County throughout the Kingdom, and for all Vacancies therein to be filled up.
The Ministry, it is said, have at present in Contemplation to take a Body of Hanoverian Troops into British Pay, and to employ them against the Bostonians; but, if recent Advices from Vienna may be credited, the Elector of Hanover will probably have Occasion for all his Troops (and more too) in Order to defend his own Electorate.
In a Letter from a Gentleman in Virginia to his Correspondent in London, dated July 1774, is the following Passage: "Your Parliament will not let us pay any Body as Freemen, and as Slaves nothing is our own; therefore, we have nothing to pay our Debts with."
Letters from Altona, dated the 22d ult. advise, that the King of Prussia is to have an Interview, in Silesia, with the Emperor of Germany, for which Place they were both set out.
The Town of Freyberg, near Schweidnitz, in Silesia, was lately destroyed by an accidental Fire. Out of upwards of 300 Houses, only 17 escaped.
The total Consumption of Hemp in this Kingdom, for the last ten Years, amounts, on a moderate Computation, to no more than 350,000 l.
A Person, who has taken some little Pains to make the Calculation, says, that we have, in and about this Metropolis, 100,000 Papists, including Foreigners of that Persuasion.
A Letter from Copenhagen, dated August 16th, says: "A terrible Fire broke out on the 10th Instant at Rodhyem Laland, which in less than three Hours consumed eighty Houses, and reduced 400 Families to great Poverty. It is computed that the Loss sustained amounts to 400,000 Dollars."
September 6. On Saturday Orders were sent to Portsmouth and Plymouth for the Guardships to be manned to their full Complement, both Sailors and Marines.
General Howe has been exercising for some Time, at Salisbury, seven Companies of Light Infantry, in some new Manoeuvres; they belong to seven different Corps, and make a droll Figure in different Regimentals when in the Field together. As soon as they are perfect, his Majesty, it is said, will see them in Review on Blackheath.
There is a most beautiful Prospect of a fine Harvest throughout all Ireland; and if the present Weather continues, it is thought this will be one of the most plentiful Harvests they ever had.
Sunday Morning, about three o'Clock, a Fire broke out the Corner of George Yard, near the Postern, on Tower Hill, which burnt with much Violence before it could be got under; four Houses were consumed, and some others much damaged, but fortunately no Lives were lost.
Last Sunday Night, about twelve o'Clock, two Highwaymen stopped the Exeter Post Coach at Turnham Green, when the Guard fired a Blunderbuss at them, and shot one through the Head; he now lies at the Crown at Turnham Green.
September 7. A Compact is lately signed between our Court and that of three northern Powers, by which, in Case of a continental War, they have stipulated to furnish Great Britain between them with 60,000 Men, so that there will be no Necessity to send a Man out of England.
They write from Madrid, that the Crew of the San Philips, a Spanish Man of War of sixty Guns, had murdered the Captain and ran away with the Ship. It is supposed they are gone for South America, and it is said near a Third of the Crew were Irish, one of whom they chose for their Captain.
A Courier is arrived from Spain, which brings Advice that no Persons whatever are permitted to pass the Frontiers, or Ports of that Kingdom, without a Passport under the King's own Hand; this Regulation has been made lately.
The Plymouth Gaming Exploit is not the only one which has been attended with the Loss of Life in this Age. As an Instance, some Time ago a certain noble Duke, with some of his Companions, being at a Coffeehouse at the west End of the Town, the Waiter was called, who fell down in a Fit soon after he entered the Room. The Duke put the Wager, "dead or alive for 100 l." The Bet was taken by another; so that when the Master had provided a Surgeon, he was not permitted to touch the Waiter, that the Gamblers might have fair Play. The poor Fellow, in Consequence, died.
September 8. We hear a Plan is in Agitation to join the Thames and the Severn, and by Degrees to annihilate every Lock upon the River. To forward this Plan the Trustees of the upper Navigation are to have a sufficient Toll upon the Craft, to enable them to employ Ballast Lighters to land Materials, which are to be sold to the Trustees of the Roads. Whilst the River is thus perfecting navigable Canals are to be cut from all the Coal Counties to communicate with the Thames, that Fuel may be brought to London cheaper, and the several Towns regularly supplied all the Way. The comparative Idea of the Newcastle Colliery being a Nursery for Seamen, and being equal to the Distress that Millions find in being deprived of Firing, is now exploded; besides, the Newcastle Supply of London is but a partial Employment for the Shipping. The Colliers carry Coals to France, Holland, the Baltic, &c. and consequently this Nursery for Seamen can never discontinue. The same inland Navigation that would supply so many Counties, and London, with Coals, would likewise bring down every other Produce, as Merchandise and Provisions. Necessary Duties might still exist, and yet the Publick be supplied at 20 s. a Chaldrone.
Extract of a Letter from Portpatrick, August 29. "A few Days ago a Gentleman of the Army arrived here from Ireland with a young Lady, who it seems had made an Elopement with him from her Parents. As they were stepping into the Chaise for Ayr, her Father and another Friend of his came up to them, stopped the Chaise, and carried them both into the Inn, where the Father offered to accommodate Matters, by giving him his Daughter in Marriage, with 1000 l. The Officer refused to make her his Wife, which so enraged his Friend that he instantly knocked the Officer down, upon which a Challenge ensued. The military Gentleman fired, but missed his Antagonist, and the other's Pistol misfired; whereupon they attacked each other with Swords, but were parted by the Spectators, and disarmed. The Officer, however,
had a short Hanger under his Coat, wherewith he attempted to stab the young Gentleman. Being observed by one of the Spectators, he sprung upon him, wrenched the Hanger out of his Hand, and carried him back to the Inn as a Prisoner. The young Lady, observing her Lover in this Plight, produced a Pair of Pocket Pistols, which she offered him to shoot her Father and Cousin with. They, however, carried her back Captive; and her Gallant, a few Hours after, hired another Vessel, wherein he set out for Ireland after them."
September 9. The late Declarations of the Emperor against the Elector of Hanover are thought to be the Effects of French and Spanish Intrigues. If a War should take Place between the Houses of Bourbon and Hanover, it is suggested that the Emperor and the French will attack the Electorate; in which they will be aided by Prussia and Sweden, both of whom have Claims, which they only want a proper Opportunity to enforce.
Last Tuesday Noon a young Gentleman walking in Hyde Park, was suddenly attacked by a Bull Dog, occasioned, it is supposed, by his having touched the Dog with a Switch Stick which he had in his Hand. The Fierce Animal first tore out the Calf of his Leg, and then fastened upon his Belly with a Fury that nothing could abate. The Master of the Dog, a Butcher, instantly cut his Throat; but missing the Windpipe, it had no Effect. Several Guns were discharged at him as fast as possible, the last of which did his Business, but too late to save the miserable Sufferer, who it is said expired presently after. A Gentleman present declared his Resolution of making an Example of the Butcher for not muzzling his Dog.
A Messenger was yesterday sent off with Despatches to Lord Mansfield at Paris, and another with some to Lord Grantham at Madrid.
Letters from Holland mention that the States General offer very great Encouragement to those Shipwrights, Carpenters, and Smiths, who shall go to settle at Batavia in the Indies.
His Prussian Majesty has given Orders for all the Country People of his new acquired Dominions in Poland to repair to the several Towns in their respective Districts, where proper Officers of his Army will attend to choose the stoutest of the Men, who are to be formed into new Regiments.
Letters from Warsaw bring an Account that the unsettled Affairs of that distressed Kingdom were soon expected to be finally settled; that the Delegates are very constant in their Sittings, and the Ministers of the three Powers very attentive to the settling every Point. The Permanent Council's Plan is universally adopted.
It is positively asserted, that General Carlton is actually gone over to his Government of Quebec, with positive Orders from Government to embody, as soon as convenient after his Arrival, 10,000 Canadians, as a Militia. The above Militia are to be under the same Regulations and Discipline as the regular Troops.
A Correspondent observes, that if the great military Abilities of General Carleton be considered, which are universally allowed, there is not the least Reason to doubt but the Militia of Canada will soon be a formidable Army.
Several Letters from English Merchants, in different Parts of Spain, mention their Apprehensions of an approaching Rupture; and the greatest Secrecy is observed as to the Destination or Design of the Armaments fitting out at their different Ports, nor is any Stranger suffered to go into any of their Dockyards.
This Week two large stout Ships, which were fitted out by the Merchants the last War as Privateers, were bought up in the River by an Agent for the Service of his Prussian Majesty. They are both to have a thorough Repair, and be completely fitted with all Kinds of warlike Stores, after which they are to be navigated to Memel.
Orders are sent to Chatham for laying the Keel of a 74 Gun Ship. She is to be called the Montague.
Letters from several Parts of Yorkshire, and the Bishoprick of Durham, give an Account that the Harvest is begun, and that the Crops are very large.
The approaching Election for Lord Mayor of this City, it is expected, will show to all the Nation what are the real Sentiments of the Livery of London. The ministerial Champion H——, and his Agents, are exerting themselves to the utmost of their Power; but the general Opinion is, that the Patriots will have the Suffrages of their brother Citizens, and that either our present worthy chief Magistrate, or Alderman Wilkes, will be placed in the Chair the Year ensuing.
September 12. Orders are given from the Admiralty Office for all the Men of War now fitting up for Newfoundland and the West Indies to take on Board an additional Number of Seamen above their own Complement, in Order to put on Board the Ships now on Duty on those Stations.
A Calculation has been made of the Expenses of the last general Election in the several Counties of this Kingdom, which was found to exceed two Millions of Money.
Lord Mansfield's Journey to Paris, says a respectable Correspondent, you may be assured, from the best Authority, is solely on Account of a Challenge that has been given by a certain Ambassador (Lord Stormont) to a Prince of the Blood (the Duke of Orleans).
The French Fleet in India, by the most authentic Accounts, consists of nine Sail of the Line, four Frigates, and three Sloops.
The Corn Magazines at Cadiz, Barcelona, and Ferrol, are filling, and considerable Quantities, it is said, are imported from North America.
An additional Duty is talked of to be laid next Session on all foreign China imported into this Kingdom, in Order to encourage our own Manufacture; which is now brought to such Perfection.
A new married Dutchess, and her Reverend Spouse, are preparing to set out for the South of France, where they have taken a Chateau for their future Residence, to avoid the impertinent Observations of those who cannot make Allowances for the Inequality of Conditions.
Extract of a Letter from Warsaw, August 24. "The new concluded Peace between the Porte and Russia, which appeared very suspicious, seems now to meet with some Obstacles. A Letter from Vienna, of the latest Date, says: We have just received Intelligence from Semlin, that the Grand Visar died on the Road as he was going from the Army to Adrianople. His Body was carried to the latter Place, where he was buried without the least Honour paid to his Dignity; which Circumstances is very suspicious, and it is supposed he was killed by Order. If so, the Sultan and Divan at Constantinople certainly will not give their Assent to what he has done; we therefore expect to learn the Particulars of it very anxiously."
By a Gentleman, just arrived from Paris, we are informed that Madame de Barrè, from the Indulgence shown her by the French Court since the late Monarch's Decease, lately wrote a Letter to the Duke de Choiseul, for Liberty to retire from the Convent she is placed in; to which she received an Answer, of which the following is a Translation: "Madame, though by the King's Indulgence you have all your Effects restored to you, and as much Liberty as is consistent with your present Situation, I am desired to acquaint you that your Request cannot be complied with. A Woman who has had so long the Ear of the King must necessarily be in Possession of some Secrets, the Discovery of which might be prejudicial to the Interests of a Country, both in Respect to its foreign and domestick Enemies. This must be a concluding Reason with you for your present Confinement. When the temporary Consequences of those may wear off, I do not doubt you will meet every reasonable Indulgence. Choiseul."
When the late French King died, Madame de Barrè is said to have owed above 200,000 l. which was very justly deducted out of her Effects before they were delivered to her.
The late Sir William Johnson acquired his Popularity among the Indians by his Connexions with the Daughters of their Chiefs and leading Men, under the Pretence of marrying them; these Wives paid him a Visit at least once a Year, and at their Departure were complimented with Clothing and Presents. It is said he had above 100 Children by these Wives.
The following Extract of a Letter from Voltaire to the late Lord Chesterfield, written in 1772, will serve to mark that great Writer's Sentiments of our British and American Worlds: "In the Midst of your Nation's Folly and Blindness, I can see a new World opening that will prove an Asylum for all your honest industrious People; and I think a few Years will discover the Island of Britain to have for its Inhabitants only two Sorts of Animals, Tyrants and Slaves."
A great Writer, speaking of England, says: "Your Spot has passed its Meridian; Luxury has taken Root; the unexpected Wealth got from the Poor of a distant Country by Robbery has changed the Bulwark of the English Constitution, your House of Commons."
P O L I T I C A L R A C E S. A great Match will be run over the Royal Turf early in November next, and the following Horses are already entered: Mr. King's Horse Prerogative , rode by F North. Old England Esquire's Horse Liberty , rode by G. Saville. Lady America's Horse Charter , rode by J. Sawbridge. Reverend Mr. Pope's Horse Canada , Rider unknown. Very great Sport may be depended on. The Bets run high; and while some enter AT, others will enter FOR, the Post.

September 13. It is said that the Canadians will certainly be indulged with a Bishop of their own Persecution; several high flying Jacks and false Brethren are already talked of, among whom is Dr. N——. On Sunday 16th of the Elizabeth, Captain Weeks, bound from Bristol to Cork and Jamaica, failed from Kingroad down the Channel; but the Wind changing, he was obliged to put back, and early on Tuesday Morning, unfortunately proceeding too near the Weish Shore, the Vessel struck on a Rock off a Place called St. Dunnel's, and was dashed to Pieces. The Ship's Company and Passengers consisted of 37 Persons, eleven only of whom are saved, and several of these were tossed on Shore by the Waves. The Captain and chief Mate are among the Dead, as are also a Gentleman and his Lady who were married but on Friday last, and were going to Ireland; they were found clasped in each other's Arms, and in that Position were both interred.
There is now living in Bear Lane, Spitalfields, one Louis Fouquier, who is universally allowed to be 110 Years old; but he says he can perfectly remember the Fire in 1666, and if so he must be at least three or four Years older.
September 14. The Calamities of the Stuarts proceeded entirely from the pernicious Councils impressed into them in their earliest Youth, with the high Notions of Prerogative, by which they fell Victims to that Ambition to which they laboured to sacrifice the Interests of their Country. [Similar Causes produce similar Effects.]
Perseverance in reiterated Errors has ever been allowed to proceed either from a Defect in the Understanding, or a Depravity of Heart. When the Effect is proved by Experience incontestably, and the Cause remains dubious, Charity inclines us to attribute it to the least offensive, and to pay a Compliment to the Man's Heart at the Expense of his Understanding; but when we survey the same Character in private Life, and in tracing from the Noise of publick Applause, or Indignation, find him sustaining the amiable Characters of affectionate Father, indulgent Master, and trusty Friend, the Veil is immediately removed, and what our Charity inclined us to believe before, indisputable Evidence reduces to a moral Certainty, that he who is a bad King cannot be a good Man.
A factitious Wag, lately supposed to be in a very dangerous Situation, was prevailed upon to make his Will, in which were the two following Articles: To the Patriots in Boston all my Resolution, Perseverance, &c. together with 40,000l. for the Use of their Committee; a Grain of Wisdom to the King and his Council; with which (replied he) they might settle all Matters which now appear so alarming to their own and their Opponents Satisfaction, without Delay or Bloodshed.
We are assured, that a certain unpopular Nobleman has, since the Recess of Parliament, visited every Part of England where he has a single Foot of Ground, or has the least Interest or Connections, and has paid his Respects to the Freeholders in Person, not one escaping his Notice.
The Lords of the Treasury are said to have given Orders for the Payment of all the Money due on the several Branches of his Majesty's civil Government, up to Christmas last.
Two Companies of Invalids of the Royal Artillery are ordered to embark immediately for Jersey and Guernsey, it being judged necessary to put those Islands in a State of Defence against any Attempts from the Continent, which may be very reasonably apprehended at this critical Time, from their Vicinity to the Coast of France, and the vindictive Spirit of the French Minister, who has not forgot the Conquest of Belleisle.
The particular Attention paid by a certain Duke to all the antiquated Females of a great County is no Way surprising, especially when we consider the rapid Progress of his Grace towards that last Period of earthly Consequence, the glorious Appellation of Anus , vulgarly called an old Woman.
Extract of a Letter from Chatham, September 12.
Saturday Morning the following melancholy Affair happened on Board his Majesty's Ship Ardent , a Guardship of 64 Guns, at this Port. Mr. J——, Secretary to Commodore M'Kenzie, having been disordered in Mind several Days before, took an Opportunity to cut his Throat with a Razor in his Office, on Board the said Ship. The Wound was immediately sewed up, but he died the same Evening about nine o'Clock.
September 15. Yesterday his Majesty came from Kew to St. James's, where there was a Levee, after which there was Council; at which the three Secretaries of State, and his Grace the Lord Archbishop of Canterbury, and Lord North, assisted.
Lord Gower, we hear, is making Preparations for a very grand Fete Champetre at his Seat at Trentham, in Staffordshire; at which, it is thought, will be present most of the Nobility and Gentry that were at Litchfield Races.
Extract of a Letter from Chatham, September 13.
"We have just received an Account from the Barracks, that Orders are come down for the marching of the Light Infantry to Salisbury; and it is said the whole Body of those Troops are to be assembled there, in Order to be reviewed on Salisbury Plain."
From the GENERAL CONGRESS.
To the Inhabitants of the Province of QUEBECK.
Friends and Fellow Subjects,
WE, the DELEGATES of the Colonies of New Hampshire, Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, the Counties of New-castle, Kent, and Sussex, on Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina, deputed by the Inhabitants of the said Colonies to represent them in a General Congress at Philadelphia, in the Province of Pennsylvania, to consult together concerning the best Methods to obtain Redress of our afflicted Grievances, having accordingly assembled, and taken into our most serious Consideration the State of publick Affairs on this Continent, have thought proper to address your Province, as a Member therein deeply interested.
When the Fortune of War, after a gallant and glorious Resistance, had incorporated you with the Body of English Subjects, we rejoiced in the truly valuable Addition, both on our own and your Account; expecting, as Courage and Generosity are naturally united, our brave Enemies would become our hearty Friends, and that the Divine Being would bless to you the Dispensations of his over-ruling Providence, by securing to you, and latest Posterity, the inestimable Advantages of a free English Constitution of Government, which it is the Privilege of all English Subjects to enjoy. These Hopes were confirmed by the King's Proclamation, issued in the Year 1763, plighting the publick Faith for your full Enjoyment of those Advantages.
Little did we imagine that any succeeding Ministers would so audaciously and cruelly abuse the Royal Authority, as to withhold from you the Fruition of the irrevocable Rights to which you were thus justly entitled; but, since we have lived to see the unexpected Time when Ministers of this flagitious Temper have dared to violate the most sacred Compacts and Obligations, and as you, educated under another Form of Government, have artfully been kept from discovering the unspeakable Worth of that Form you are now undoubtedly entitled to, we esteem it our Duty, for the weighty Reasons herein after mentioned, to explain to you some of its most important Branches.
"In every human Society (says the celebrated Marquis Beccaria) there is an Effort continually tending to confer on one Part the Height of Power and Happiness, and to reduce the other to the Extreme of Weakness and Misery. The intent of good Laws is to oppose this Effort, and to diffuse their Influence universally and equally."
Rulers, stimulated by this pernicious "Effort," and Subjects, animated by the just "Intent of opposing good Laws against it," have occasioned that vast Variety of Events that fill the Histories of so many Nations. All these Histories demonstrate the Truth of this simple Position, that to live by the Will of one Man, or Set of Men, is the Production of Misery to all Men.
On the solid Foundation of this Principle, Englishmen reared up the Fabrick of their Constitution, with such Strength, as for Ages to defy Time, Tyranny, Treachery, internal and foreign Wars; and as an illustrious Author of your Nation [Montesquieu] hereafter mentioned, observes, "they gave the People of their Colonies the Form of their own Government, and this Government carrying Prosperity along with it, they have grown great Nations in the Forests they were sent to inhabit."
In this Form the first grand Right is, that of the People having a Share in their own Government, by their Representatives, chosen by themselves, and, in Consequence, of being ruled by Laws which they themselves approve, not by Edicts of Men over whom they have no Control. This is a Bulwark surrounding and defending their Property, which by their honest Cares and Labours they have acquired; so that no Portions of it can legally be taken from them but with their own full and free Consent, when they, in their Judgment, deem it just and necessary to give them for publick Services, and precisely direct the easiest, cheapest, and most equal Methods, in which they shall be collected.
The Influence of this Right extends still farther: If Money is wanted by Rulers who have in any Manner oppressed the People, they may re-
tain it until their Grievances are redressed; and thus peaceably procure Relief, without trusting to despised Petitions, or disturbing the publick Tranquillity.
The next great Right is, that of Trial by Jury. This provides, that neither Life, Liberty, nor Property, can be taken from the Possessor until twelve of his unexceptionable Countrymen and Peers, of his Vicinage, who from that Neighbourhood may reasonably be supposed to be acquainted with his Character, and the Characters of the Witnesses, upon a fair Trial, and full Inquiry, Face to Face, in open Court, before as many of the People as choose to attend, shall pass their Sentence, upon Oath, against him: A Sentence that cannot injure him without injuring their own Reputation, and probably their Interest also, as the Question may turn on Points that in some Degree concern the general Welfare; and it does not, their Verdict may form a Precedent, that, on a similar Trial of their own, may militate against themselves.
Another Right relates merely to the Liberty of the Person. If a Subject is seized and imprisoned, though by Order of Government, he may, by Virtue of this Right, immediately obtain a Writ, termed a Habeas Corpus , from a Judge, whose sworn Duty it is to grant it, and thereupon procure any illegal Restraint to be quickly inquired into and redressed.
A fourth Right is, that of holding Lands by the Tenure of easy Rents, and not by rigorous and oppressive Services, frequently forcing the Possessors from their Families and their Business, to perform what ought to be done, in all well regulated States, by Men hired for the Purpose.
The last Right we shall mention regards the Freedom of the Press. The Importance of this consists, besides the Advancement of Truth, Science, Morality, and Arts in general, in its Diffusion of liberal Sentiments on the Administration of Government, its ready Communication of Thoughts between Subjects, and its consequential Promotion of Union among them, whereby oppressive Officers are shamed or intimidated into more honourable and just Modes of conducting Affairs.
These are the invaluable Rights which form a considerable Part of our mild System of Government; that, sending its equitable Energy through all Ranks and Classes of Men, defends the Poor from the Rich, the Weak from the Powerful, the Industrious from the Rapacious, the Peaceable from the Violent, the Tenants from the Lords, and all from their Superiors.
These are the Rights, without which a People cannot be free and happy, and under the protecting and encouraging Influence of which these Colonies have hitherto so amazingly flourished and increased. These are the Rights a profligate Ministry are now living, by Force of Arms, to ravish from us; and which we are, with one Mind, resolved never to resign but with our Lives.
These are the Rights you are entitled to, and ought at this Moment in Perfection to exercise. And what is offered to you, by the late Act of Parliament, in their Place? Liberty of Conscience in your Religion! No. God gave it to you; and the temporal Powers with which you have been and are connected, firmly stipulated for your Enjoyment of it. If Laws, divine and human, could secure it against the despick Caprices of wicked Men, it was secured before. Are the French Laws in civil Cases restored? It seems so. But observe the cautious Kindness of the Ministers, who pretend to be your Benefactors: The Ws of the Statute are, that those "Laws shall be the Rule, until they shall be varied or altered by any Ordinances of the Governor and Council." Is the "Certainty and Lenity of the criminal Law of England, and its Benefits and Advantages" "commended in the said Statute, and said to "have been sensibly felt by you," secured to you and your Descendants? No. They are, too, subjected to arbitrary "Alterations" by the Governor and Council; and a Power is expressly reserved of appointing "Courts of criminal, civil, and ecclesiastical Jurisdiction, as shall be thought proper." Such is the precarious Tenure of mere Will , by which you hold your Lives and Religion. The Crown and its Ministers are empowered, as far as they could by Parliament, to establish even the Inquisition itself among you. Have you an Assembly composed of worthy Men, elected by yourselves, and in whom you can confide, to make Laws for you, to watch over your Welfare, and to direct in what Quantity, and in what Manner, your Money shall be taken from you? No. The Power of making Laws for you is lodged in the Governor and Council, all of them dependent upon and removable at the Pleasure of a Minister. Besides, another late Statute, made without your Consent, has subjected you to the Impositions of Excise , the Horror of all free States; thus wresting your Property from you by the most odious of Taxes, and laying open, to insolent Tax Gatherers, Houses, the Scenes of domestic Peace and Comfort, and called the Castles of English Subjects in the Books of their Law. And in the very Act for altering your Government, and intended to flatter you, you are not authorised to "assess, levy, or apply any Rates and Taxes , but for the interior Purposes of making Roads, and erecting and repairing publick Buildings , or for other local Conveniences, within your respective Towns and Districts." Why this degrading Distinction? Ought not the Property honestly acquired by Canadians to be held as sacred as that of Englishmen ? Have not Canadians Sense enough to attend to any other publick Affairs than gathering Stones from one Place and piling them up in another? Unhappy People! who are not only injured, but insulted, Nay more! with such a superlative Contempt of your Understanding and Spirit has an insolent Ministry presumed to think of you, our respectable Fellow Subjects, according to the Information we have received, as firmly to persuade themselves that your Gratitude, for the Injuries and Insults they have recently offered to you, will engage you to take up Arms, and render yourselves the Rische and Detestation of the World, by becoming Tools, in their Hands, to assist them in taking that Freedom from us which they have treacherously denied to you; the unavoidable Consequence of which Attempt, if successful, would be the Extinction of all Hopes of you or your Posterity being ever restored to Freedom, for Idioocy itself cannot believe that when their Drudgery is performed they will treat you with less Cruelty than they have us, who are of the same Blood with themselves.
What would your Countryman, the immortal Montesquieu , have said to such a Plan of Domination as has been framed for you? Hear his Words, with an Intension of Thought suited to the Importance of the Subject: "In a free State, every Man, who is supposed a free Agent, ought to be concerned in his own Government, therefore the Legislative should reside in the whole Body of the People, or their Representatives." "The political Liberty of the Subject is a Tranquillity of Mind , arising from the Opinion each Person has of his Safety." In Order to have this Liberty, it is requisite the Government be so constituted as that one Man need not be afraid of another. When the Power of making Laws , and the Power of executing them , are united in the same Person, or in the same Body of Magistrates, there can be no Liberty; because Apprehensions may arise, lest the same Monarch or Senate should enact tyrannical Laws, to execute them in a tyrannical Manner.
"The Power of judging should be exercised by Persons taken from the Body of the People, at certain Times of the Year, and pursuant to a Form and Manner prescribed by Law. There is no Liberty if the Power of judging be not separated from the legislative and executive Powers."
"Military Men belong to a Profession which may be useful, but is often dangerous." "The Enjoyment of Liberty, and even its Support and Preservation, consists in every Man's being allowed to speak his Thoughts, and lay open his Sentiments."
Apply these decisive Maxims, sanctified by the Authority of a Name which all Europe reveres, to your own State. You have a Governor, it may be urged, vested with the executive Powers, or the Powers of Administration . In him, and in your Council, is lodged the Power of making Laws . You have Judges , who are to decide every Cause affecting your Lives, Liberty, or Property. Here is, indeed, an Appearance of the several Powers being separated and distributed into different Hands, for Checks one upon another, the only effectual Mode ever invented by the Wit of Men to promote their Freedom and Prosperity. But, learning to be illuded by a tinted Outside, and excusing the natural Sagacity of Frenchmen, examine the specious Device, and you will find it, to use an Expression of holy Writ, "a whited Sepulchre," for burying your Lives, Liberty, and Property.
Your Judges , and your Legislative Council , as it is called, are dependent on your Governor, and he is dependent on the Servant of the Crown in Great Britain. The legislative, executive, and judging Powers , are all moved by the Nods of a Minister. Privileges and Immunities last no longer than his Smiles. When he frowns, their feeble Forms dissolve. Such a treacherous Ingenuity has been exerted, in drawing up the Code lately offered you, that every Sentence beginning with a benevolent Presentation concludes with a destructive Power; and the Substance of the Whole, divested of its smooth Words, is, that the Crown and its Ministers shall be as absolute throughout your extended Province as the Despots of Asia or Africa. What can protect your Property from taxing Edicts, and the Rapacity of necessitous and cruel Masters; your Persons from Letters de Cachet, Jails, Dungeons, and oppressive Services; your Lives, and general Liberty, from arbitrary and unfeeling Rulers? We defy you, casting your View upon every Side, to discover a single Circumstance promising from any Quarter the faintest Hope of Liberty to you or your Posterity, but from an entire Adoption into the Union of these Colonies.
What Advice would the truly great Man before mentioned, that Advocate of Freedom and Humanity, give you, who are now living, and knew that we, your numerous and powerful Neighbours, animated by a just Love of our invaded Right, and united by the indissoluble Bonds of Affection and Interest, called upon you, by every Obligation of Regard for yourselves and your Children, as we now do, to join us in our righteous Cause, to make common Cause with us therein, and take a noble Chance for emerging from a humiliating Subjection under Governors, Intendants, and military Tyrants, into the firm Rank and Condition of English Freemen, whose Custom it is, derived from their Ancestors, to make those tremble who dare to think of making them miserable?
Would not this be the Purport of his Address? "Seize the Opportunity presented to you by Providence itself. You have been conquered into Liberty, if you act as you ought. This Work is not of Man. You are a small People, compared to those who, with open Arms, invite you into a Fellowship. A Moment's Reflection should convince you which will be most for your Interest and Happiness, to have all the rest of North America your unalterable Friends, or your inveterate Enemies. The Injuries of Boston have roused and associated every Colony, from Nova Scotia to Georgia. Your Province is the only Link wanting to complete the bright and strong Chain of Union. Nature has joined your Country to theirs. Do you join your political Interests; for their own Sakes, they never will desert or betray you. Be assured, that the Happiness of a People inevitably depends on their Liberty, and their Spirit to assert it. The Value and Extent of the Advantages tendered to you are immense. Heaven grant you may not discover them to be Blessings after they have bid you an eternal Adieu."
We are too well acquainted with the Liberality of Sentiment distinguishing your Nation to imagine that Difference of Religion will prejudice you against a hearty Unity with us. You know that the transcendent Nature of Freedom elevates those, who unite in her Cause, above all such low-minded Infirmities. The Swiss Cantons furnish a memorable Proof of this Truth. Their Union is composed of Roman Catholick and Protestant States, living in the utmost Concord and Peace with one another, and thereby enabled, ever since they bravely vindicated their Freedom, to defy and defeat every Tyrant that has invaded them.
Should there be any among you, as there generally are in all Societies, who prefer the Favour of Ministers, and their own private Interests, to the Welfare of their Country, the Temper of such selfish Persons will render them incredibly active in opposing all publick-spirited Measures, from an Expectation of being well rewarded for their sordid Industry, by their Superiors; but we doubt not you will be upon your Guard against such Men, and not sacrifice the Liberty and Happiness of the whole Canadian People, and their Posterity, to gratify the Avarice and Ambition of Individuals.
We do not ask you, by this Address, to commence Acts of Hostility against the Government of our common Sovereign. We only invite you to consult your own Glory and Welfare, and not to suffer yourselves to be inveigled or intimidated by infamous Ministers so far as to become the Instruments of their Cruelty and Despotism, but to unite with us in one social Compact, formed on the generous Principles of equal Liberty, and cemented by such an Exchange of beneficial and endearing Offices as to render it perpetual. In Order to complete this highly desirable Union, we submit it to your Consideration whether it may not be expedient for you to meet together in your several Towns and Districts, and elect Deputies, who, afterwards meeting in a Provincial Congress, may choose Delegates to represent your Province in the Continental Congress to be held at Philadelphia on the tenth Day of May 1775.
In this present Congress, beginning on the fifth of the last Month, and continued to this Day, it has been, with universal Pleasure, and an unanimous Vote, resolved, that we should consider the Violation of your Rights, by the Act for altering the Government of your Province, as a Violation of our own, and that you should be invited to accede to our Confederation, which has no other Objects than the perfect Security of the natural and civil Rights of all the constituent Members, according to their respective Circumstances, and the Preservation of a happy and lasting Connection with Great Britain, on the salutary and constitutional Principles herein before mentioned. For effecting these Purposes, we have addressed an humble and loyal Petition to his Majesty, praying Relief of our and your Grievances; and have associated to stop all Importations from Great Britain and Ireland after the first Day of December, and all Exportations to those Kingdoms and the West Indies after the tenth Day of next September, unless the said Grievances are redressed.
That Almighty God may incline your Minds to approve our equitable and necessary Measures, to add yourselves to us, to put your Fate, whenever you suffer Injuries which you are determined to oppose, not on the small Influence of your single Province, but on the consolidated Powers of North America, and may grant to our joint exertions an Event as happy as our Cause is just, is the fervent Prayer of us, your sincere and affectionate Friends and Fellow Subjects.
By Order of the Congress. HENRY MIDDLETON, President.
OCTOBER 26, 1774.
WILLIAMSBURG, November 10.
THIS Day the Honourable the President, with the Advice of his Majesty's Council, was pleased to prorogue the GENERAL ASSEMBLY to the first Thursday in February next; at which Time their Attendance is required, for the Despatch of publick Business. An Express from Lord Dunmore, with Advices from the Army, is hourly expected.
The Virginia, East, from London, is arrived in York River; by whom we are advised of the safe Arrival of the Planter, Jeffries, and Arnold, Waterman.
Extract of a Letter from London, dated August 20, 1774.
"The Acts relating to Boston are exceedingly arbitrary and unjust, but the Toleration of the Catholick Religion in Canada, and the Extension of that Province, is a full Proof of the Disposition of our pious King and his Ministry. The History of the Stuarts is in no Part more replete with Acts of Tyranny than those produced by the present Parliament. I do most sincerely wish, and hope, that all North America will join in one common and general Resolution to secure to themselves, and their Posterity, that great and ever valuable Blessing of civil and religious Liberty which their Forefathers handed down to them, and which, if they do not now endeavour to preserve, they never will have another Opportunity."
Extract of a Letter from London, dated September 2, 1774.
"I hope the Americans, every Where, will be firm, unanimous, and steady, in Support of their injured and violated Rights and Liberties. The Sword is drawn here, therefore you should throw away the Scabbard. Depend on your internal Strength and Resources, and not on Petitions or Remonstrances; for they are only used to make Kites for the great and little Babies at Kew and Buckingham House. Read attentively the History of James the second's Reign, and then you will have a very perfect Idea of the present political System here."
Last Tuesday Morning Mr. Robert Codwin, of York County, was found dead on the Road. He had been in this City the Evening before, and it is supposed was thrown from his Horse, as he was much bruised about the Head. His Mother, an old Lady, upon seeing the Corpse of her Son, instantly expired in her Chair.
Deaths.] Captain ALEXANDER LEITCH, of the Ship Eliza , lately arrived from London. He was married only a Fortnight ago.
To the PRINTER.
SIR, PLEASE to insert the following Letter to Mr. Duncan, Printer of the Norfolk Intelligencer , and you will oblige the Subscribers, Friends to Liberty, and your constant Readers.
MR. DUNCAN, ALEXANDRIA, October 24, 1774.
YOUR Papers, in general, being calculated to divide and weaken the Friends of American Freedom, have become highly obnoxious to us. That one dated September 22, 1774, containing a Performance entitled "a Discourse between three of the Members of the Congress," attempting to ridicule that august Body, is particularly offensive; and left a Continuation of our Subscriptions may be continued into a tacit Appropriation of your Proceedings, we thus publicly desire that our Names may be henceforth erased from the List of your Subscribers, being determined not to afford the smallest Support to any Person who is inimical to the Interest of this Country. We are ready to pay for your Paper agreeable to our Subscription (one Year) when demanded by yourself, or to your Order. — William Ramay, Robert H. Harrison, William Romney, James Hendricks, George Gilpin, James Kirk, William Browne, John Fitzgerald, Richard Harrison, Benjamin Call, Benjamin Shive, William Herbert, Richard Arell, John Muir, Robert Adam, Dorothy Young, Charles Turner, Thomas Armas, James Connell, William Shaw, Joel Cooper, Richard Conway, John Graham, William Wilson, James Stewart, James Muir, Thomas Kirkpatrick, Adam Lynn, Harry Piger, John Lomax.

From OWEN's Weekly Chronicle of September 3. IT may be laid down as an unerring Maxim, that no arbitrary Prince can ever be able to enslave a free People, whose Morals and Principles have not been first corrupted and debauched. All the wicked Ministers of tyrannical Princes, who possessed any Degree of Sense and Understanding, have therefore always corrupted and vitiated the Morals and Principles of a People before they attempted to rob them of their Rights and Liberties. Whenever any arbitrary Ministry shall be so weak, and destitute of Reason, as to act otherwise, and shall attempt to take away the Rights and Freedom of a People whose publick Virtue hath not been vitiated, and whose moral Principles remain sound and uncorrupted, the Attempt will not only be fruitless, but bring down upon their own Heads the Vengeance of such People.
By the general Concord and Union of our Fellow Subjects in America, and by the solemn League and Covenant they have entered into, to defend, support, and maintain their Charters, Rights, and Liberties, it is very plain that their publick Virtue is not vitiated, nor their Morals and Principles corrupted and debauched; and therefore it may be clearly foreseen, that the Attack now made upon them will fail, will rebound to their Honour, and to the Distress, if not Punishment, of those who planned it. It is absolutely impossible to enslave Millions of People possessing such immense Territories, who are resolved, at all Risks and Hazards, to defend their Rights and Freedom; for whilst they retain such a virtuous publick Spirit, they will be invincible. Our arbitrary Minister, having fully experienced the infamous Corruption and total Defect of all publick Spirit in the Majority of the Representatives of Old England, was probably led to imagine that the People were as corrupt, and void of all publick Virtue, in the New; but in this he has found himself egregiously mistaken. It now appears, that our American Brethren have a just Value for their Freedom, and are determined to support it. Far from submitting to the Attempt upon it, they have set us a glorious Example for uniting in Defence of our Rights and Liberties at home, and not to suffer them either to be taken from us by Force, or stolen from us by Fraud; and surely the People of England are not yet so totally sunk in Dissipation, so debilitated by Luxury, or vitiated by Corruption, as not to perceive the indispensable Duty and moral Rectitude of their Conduct, and to strive to imitate their illustrious Precedent. It is therefore to be hoped that all honest Englishmen, all uncorrupted Freemen and Lovers of their Country, will join Hand and Heart together, and enter into one common Association to defend and support, at the ensuing general Election, that great Right of the People, the making of their own Laws, and which can no Ways be maintained but by a free and uncorrupt Choice of Persons to represent them in Parliament. All the Evils of the Nation, and all the Grievances which the People now groan under, arise from corrupt and dishonest Representatives in Parliament, from having such Persons therein as have no Kind of Regard for the Rights and Interests of the People, as takes away every Idea of a national Representation, and turns such an Assembly into the Meeting of the Creatures of the Crown, wherein the People of England are no more essentially represented than the People of America.
WILLIAMSBURG, Saturday, Nov. 12. WE have waited till this Morning to see if we could get any certain Account of the Battle which is said to have happened between the Forces under the Command of Colonel Andrew Lewis, consisting of about 1500 Men, and a Body of Indians, composed of different Nations, to the Amount of 1500. The following is the most probable Account of it, but by no Means to be depended on, and therefore we only give it to the Publick as a Report. It seems that Colonel Lewis was encamped within 40 Miles of the Shawanese Towns, on this Side of the River; that two of his Hunters going out early in the Morning, were fired upon by some Indians, on which they retired into the Camp; that Colonel Lewis sent out a small Party to drive off the Indians, but met with such constant and heavy Firing as to oblige them to send for more Successors; that the Colonel then despatched his Brother, Colonel Charles Lewis, with a Detachment of 900 Men to support them; that the Battle lasted from nine o'Clock in the Morning till nine at Night, both our People and the Indians fighting with the utmost Bravery; that the Indians at last gave Way, and retreated down the River till they came to a Fording Place, which they crossed; that about 17 of our principal Officers are killed, among them Colonel Charles Lewis, Colonel Fleming, Colonel Field, and a Son of Colonel Andrew Lewis; that we had about 50 Men killed in all, and about 90 wounded; and that 20 Indian Bodies were found upon the Field, and a great Number of Marks where they had dragged others into the River. Lord Dunmore was encamped about 15 Miles from Colonel Lewis, with whom the Indians had been treating for Peace but a few Days before; and it is said that both Armies have joined since the Battle and crossed the River, in Order to destroy the Indian Towns, and drive off and disperse the Barbarians.
Deaths. WILLIAM RANDOLPH, Esq; of Chatsworth, last Saturday, on his Way home from Philadelphia, where he lately went for the Recovery of his Health.
The Inhabitants of York County are desired to meet at the Courthouse, on Wednesday the 16th Instant, to elect a Committee agreeably to the Resolutions of the General Congress.
FOR SALE, MY DWELLING-HOUSE, &c. in York Town. For Terms apply to me, in this City. JOHN H. NORTON. WILLIAMSBURG, Nov. 12, 1774.
WILLIAMSBURG, November 11, 1774. THE Subscriber having just set up the SHOEMAKING Business, in a House the Back of the Raleigh Tavern, and got a Quantity of very fine Boot Legs, with a Number of English and Philadelphia Calf Skins, and good Workmen, should be glad to serve Gentlemen and others, on short Notice, for ready Money only. I shall be much obliged to those indebted to me to make Payment this Meeting, as I may be enabled to pay my Creditors; those who fail may expect that as soon as Low rakes Pl. I shall put such Accounts as are not paid into an Attorney's Hands, which will be very disagreeable to me. THOMAS SKINNER.
THE Creditors of the late Honourable John Page, Esq; are desired to bring in their Accounts. MANN PAGE, MANN PAGE, Jun. } Executors. JOHN PAGE, Jun. }
OCTOBER 30, 1774. WE the Inheritors and Purchasers under the four original joint Patentees of Martin's Swamp, in the County of Chesterfield, have determined that whoever may hereafter, without our Leave in Writing, shoot in the said Swamp, broken Marishes, and sunken Ground adjoining, shall be immediately prosecuted in the General Court, not only for the Protection of our Property, but to defend ourselves against any Claim of Partition in it. RICHARD RANDOLPH. RYLAND RANDOLPH. FRANCIS EPPES.
NOVEMBER 1, 1774. THE Books of the Store lately kept by Mr. Thomas Hope are now with me at Peterburg. Those indebted are requested to come and close their Accounts, by Bond, or Payment. JOHN FISHER.
IMPORTED last Spring, in the Marlborough, Captain Davison, a small Box marked W T, containing four Pieces of Irish Linen, ten Pounds of Thread, and a black Russel Petticoat. I shall be greatly obliged to any Gentleman that will forward the said Box to Port Royal, to the Care of Mr. Robert Gilchrist, who will pay any Charge for so doing. (4||) WALKER TALIAFERRO.
Just IMPORTED, a fresh Assortment of GARDEN SEEDS. Also a small Assortment of EUROPEAN GOODS. Which are to be SOLD, for ready Money only, by ROBERT NICOLSON. WILLIAMSBURG, November 10, 1774.
WILLIAMSBURG, November 9, 1774. BEING informed that several Gentlemen, who have been pleased to favour my SALT SCHEME by subscribing to the Encouragement of it, decline paying their Money till they can receive a proper Assurance that the Salt I may make shall not be engrossed by Merchants or others, who may intend to retail it to the Inhabitants of this Colony at an advanced Price: That I may give the fullest Testimony of my Intention to make the Scheme as extensively useful as possible, I do hereby oblige myself to conform to any Measures or Regulations that may be adopted by the Subscribers to secure a Preference and Pre-emption to them of what Salt may be made at the intended Works. Several Gentlemen of Credit have proposed a Partnership with me, in Order to prosecute a Plan with greater Success, and to a larger Extent; but not being able to advance any Proportion of a common Stock, my Admission into such a Partnership could not be expected upon such Terms as would enable me to maintain my Family and draw a moderate Profit to myself. If the Subscribers should approve of my entering into a Partnership and applying their Contributions as my Part of the Stock, I am persuaded it would be the likeliest Means of expediting and carrying on the Business with greater Advantage to the Community. However, in this, as in every other Measure, I shall cheerfully acquiesce in their Determinations. JAMES TAIT.
WHEREAS, on the 18th of August last, I purchased a Horse of one George Wallace, of Augusta County, for which I gave my Bond for 61. payable the 1st of November, but as the Horse was claimed by a Gentleman of Essex County, who proved him his Property, I hereby give Notice, in Order to prevent any Imposition, that I will not pay the said Bond. (1||) SHADRACH WATTS.
GOOCHLAND, October 3, 1774. WHEREAS Mr. Archibald M'Kendrick and myself did enter into a Copartnership in July last, to prevent any Dispute, or Confusion of Accounts, I give this publick Notice, that I was not nor will be chargeable with any Kind of Goods that I do not purchase myself, and shall be accountable for no others. ANDERSON PEERS.
BY Virtue of a Deed from Robert Reade, late of Brunswick County, to the Subscriber, David Russell, also with Consent of James Mason, who had a prior Claim, and will join in a Deed to the Purchaser, will be sold to the highest Bidder, at Brunswick Courthouse, on Monday the 23th of December, a valuable Tract of Land in said County, containing 534 Acres. Mrs. Reade has her Lifetime in 354 Acres, of the said Land, and the remaining 180 Acres may be entered on the first Day of January next. DAVID RUSSELL. JAMES MASON.
HEREBY forewarn the Publick from taking an Assignment of two Bonds granted the 7th ult. to Samuel Morgan, late of Amelia County (the first Bond payable the 25th of December 1775, for 731. Virginia Money; the second Bond payable the 25th of December 1776, for 1001. Virginia Currency) as the said respective Sums are attached in my Hands by Mr. William Fitzgerald of Amelia County, as will appear by the Records of Dinwiddie County Court. The above Bonds are granted in Consideration of Part Payment of a Tract of 454 Acres of Land in Amelia County, which was formerly mortgaged to Mr. William Fitzgerald for the Money he attached in my Hands, though not recorded in the Time prescribed by Law; and as Mrs. Morgan has not as yet relinquished her Right of Dower to the said Tract of Land, in Case she refuses to relinquish her Right of Dower the above Bonds are to be void and null, which is my principal Reason for giving this publick Notice, that no Person may be imposed on by taking an Assignment of these Bonds, as Mr. Morgan may induce some Person to take them at an under Value, as he has removed out of the Colony. I am willing to avoid a litigious Lawsuit, as well as to prevent any innocent Person becoming a Sufferer through Mr. Morgan's Design, or any Neglect in advertising the Publick. PASCHAL GREENHILL.
I HAVE laid off several Lots, or Half Acres of Land, contiguous to the Town of Alexandria, which are to be leased in Fee on Ground Rent. Any Persons inclining to rent the same may make Application to Robert Hanlon Harrison, Esq; Attorney at Law, resident in the said Town, who will let them know the Terms, and agree for me, he having a proper Power to act. (6||) JOHN ALEXANDER.
HALIFAX COUNTY, October 20, 1774. THE Subscriber intends to move in about two Months, with his Family, to the upper Part of South Carolina. WILLIAM HILL.
WANTED, THREE Thousand Pounds Sterling, at five per Cent. for ten Years; to pay four Thousand five Hundred Pounds Sterling at the Expiration of that Term, or on the Death of the Borrower, who is upwards of forty. Collateral Security to be given for the Payment of the Interest, as it accrues; and the Principal secured either by Deed of Trust or Mortgage, of as valuable landed Property as any in this Colony, warranted free from any Encumbrance, together with fifty as valuable Slaves. The Direction of the Advertiser is to A. B., to be left at Purdie's Printing Office in Williamsburg.
For LIVERPOOL (to sail in a Month) THE Ship Betty, James Dyar Master, can take in 100 Hogheads of Tobacco, on Liberty of Consignment, the rest of her Cargo being already engaged. Those who are inclined to ship may give their Orders to Mr. John Holloway of Peterburg, Mr. Edward Johnson of Manchester, or the Subscribers in Norfolk. (4||) JOHN LAWRENCE, & Co. NOVEMBER 10, 1774.
To be SOLD on the Premises, by Virtue of a Deed of Trust, on Thursday the 1st of December next, for ready Money, or short Credit, ONE Hundred and fifty Acres of Land, in the County of Brunswick, and Parish of St. Andrew, on Rocky Run, bounded by the Lines of John Dugger, Jones Williams, Absalom Bennett, and Tatum's Road. It is the Land and Plantation whereon Francis Young formerly lived. THOMAS SMITH.
To be SOLD, at Albemarle Courthouse, on Tuesday the 27th of December next, FIFTY choice young Virginia born SLAVES, for fifteen of which ready Money must be had, and for the others Credit will be allowed till the first of June 1776. At the same Time will be hired SEVEN NEGROES, for the Year ensuing; and on the 1st of January, at the late Dwelling-House of Major Charles Smith, deceased, in Louisa, will be hired FORTY NEGROES. The said Plantation, and one of my own on Locust Creek, will be rented for one or more Years, at that Time; or sooner, if an agreeable Offer is made. JOHN HAWKINS.
THOSE Gentlemen who have empowered the Subscriber to collect Debts due to them in the Southern Provinces, and have not furnished him with their Accounts and Specialties, are desired to lodge them with some Merchant at Richmond, by the first of May next, at which Time he intends to be in Virginia in Order to receive and give proper Receipts for them. As the Subscriber intends to continue in the Business of collecting Carolina Debts for some Time, he would be glad to undertake such Collection for any Person at a Commission of one Half the Sum collected, bearing his own Expenses, and paying all Costs of Suits where the Debtors prove insolvent. Gentlemen choosing to employ him are desired to lodge their Accounts, properly authenticated, with any of the Merchants at Richmond, or Manchester, by the Time above mentioned. (4||) WILLIAM PENN.
To be SOLD on the Premises, on Tuesday the 13th of December next, in Consequence of a Deed of Trust from Thomas Jarrett to the Subscribers, A VALUABLE Tract of LAND, containing 1338 Acres, on the fourth Side of Notoway River, in Southampton County, about three Miles from the Courthouse. Credit will be allowed the Purchaser to the 15th of April next, on giving Bond and Security. JOHN HAY, & Co, ** Five per Cent. Discount will be allowed for ready Payment.
To be HIRED for the ensuing Year, at King William Courthouse, on Thursday the 29th of December, if fair, otherwise next fair Day, ABOUT FIFTY likely Virginia born SLAVES, consisting of Men, Women, Boys, and Girls, some of which are excellent House Servants, being Part of the Trust Estate of Colonel Philip Johnson. Bond and Security will be required, to carry Interest from the Date, if not punctually paid. All Persons who hired the above Slaves the last Year are desired to have them there that Day, well clothed, together with the Money for their Hire, if possible. (7||) JOHN WATKINS, for the Trustees.
To be SOLD to the highest Bidder, on the Plantation lately occupied by Mr. Thomas Lodge Dennis, deceased, adjoining Mr. John Winkfield, in Hanover County, on Wednesday the 14th of December next, if fair, otherwise next fair Day, ABOUT thirty Head of Cattle, in very good Order, two Yoke of Oxen, about forty Head of Hogs, chief Part of which will be fatted, four Horses, Plows, Hoes, and other Utensils for Husbandry, a Cart, a Wheat Fan, a Feather Bed and Furniture, and all the Crop of Corn and Fodder. Credit will be given the Purchasers till the first Day of July next, for all Sums above 20s. on their giving Bond and good Security to the Subscriber; who requests all Persons that have any Demands against the Estate of Mr. Dennis, to make them known immediately, that they may receive Payment. WILLIAM CRAGHEAD, Executor.
TWENTY GUINEAS REWARD. MADE off from Fredrick Town, in Maryland, with a large Sum of Money collected for Quirents, a certain ELIJAS BARTON about five Feet one or two Inches high, of a dark Complexion, black Hair tied behind, stoops a little in his Walk, and treads uncommonly hard, seldom looks a Man in the Face when talking to him, but looks down, stammers a little in his Talk, which seems to proceed rather from his speaking quick than from any natural Impediment, and is marked with the Small-pox. We the Subscribers, who unfortunately became his Security to the Collector, will pay the above to any Person who will bring him to Fredrick Town, and deliver him to us, besides reasonable Charges. PETER HOFEMAN. ABRAHAM FAW.
TEN POUNDS REWARD. RUN away from the Subscriber's Plantation on Bull Run, last Night, a Convict Servant Man, who says his Name is JOHN HERN, but was convicted by the Name of Peeling Horus, and imported into Potowmack last Month, in the Ship Talbot. He is an Englishman, about 24 Years of Age, five Feet eight or nine Inches high, with short black Hair, a smooth Face, and a Scar under his left Eye; had on, and took with him, an old-blue Saffron's Jacket very short with small black Buttons, sewed thick on both Sides, a black Waistcoat, brown striped corded Duroy Breeches, light marbled Stockings, and old Shoes, also new light gray Jacket and Breeches of coarse Cloth with white Metal Buttons, the Jacket lined with striped Plaiding, two new Osnaburgh and several other Shirts, Silk Handkerchiefs, and other Things. He also took with him a likely BLACK blooded MARE about fourteen Hands high, with a Star in her Forehead, branded on the near Shoulder H, and on the near Buttock M. I will give 101. Reward for the Servant and Mare, delivered to me in Colchester. (1||) ALEXANDER HENDERSON. October 28, 1774.
TEN DOLLARS Reward. RUN away from the Subscriber, living near Skwobannab River, Hartford County, Maryland, on or about the Month of September 1771, a Convict Servant Man named DANIEL DUNN, about 38 Years old, about five Feet eight Inches high, a Nailor by Trade, and calls himself a Batten or Small Rail Maker. He has brown Hair, and a remarkable white Spot in his Beard on one Side of his Chin; and, by late Information, has worked at the Blacksmith's Trade at Dumfries and Fredericksburg. It is said he proposed to Norfolk, in Virginia, and that he has changed his Name to DANIEL DUGGENS. Whoever apprehends the said Convict Servant, and secures him in Jail, so that his Master may get him again, shall have the above Reward; and a Letter to the Subscriber may be addressed to the Care of the Postmaster at Bush Town, Maryland; Mr. William Cherr, Merchant in Dumfries; Mr. John Claffell, Merchant in Fredericksburg; Messrs. Greenwood, Risson, and Marss, Merchants in Norfolk; or to Mr. William Cox, at the general Meeting of the Merchants in Williamsburg. (4||) SAMUEL WILLITS.
KING & QUEEN, November 8, 1774. RUN away from the Subscriber, in May last, JOHN, a Virginia born Negro Man about 32 Years of Age, six Feet high, well made, has had the Smallpox, wears Whiskers, and writes intelligibly, which Qualification is suspected he will make Use of to pass as a Freeman; he carried away with him sundry Clothes, in a Box about four Feet long. He was formerly the Property of John Starks, of King and Queen County. Whoever apprehends the said John, and delivers him to me, or secures him in Jail, so that I get him again, shall have 40s. Reward, and reasonable Expenses allowed. WILLIAM GRIFFIN.
STRAYED from the Subscriber, some Time in April last, a BAY HORSE about four Feet nine Inches high, with a hanging Mane and Switch Tail, a small Star in his Forehead, paces, trots, and canters, and if branded I have forgot. Whoever delivers the said Horse to Mr. John Wilkinson, in Southampton, or the Subscriber in Nansemond, shall have 31. Reward. (2||) WILLIAM WILKINSON.
STRAYED or STOLEN from the Subscriber's Pasture, in the Night between the 29th and 30th of October last, a BRIGHT BAY GELDING about fourteen Hands high, not branded, a Switch Tail and hanging Mane, newly shod before, one of his hind Legs thicker than the other above the Pastern, a small Dent or Hole in his Forehead above the Eyes, which appears as if the Skull had been beat in, has several small Saddle Spots, but no other white Hairs upon him. Forty Shillings Reward will be paid on delivering him to Robert Hart in Hanover Town, or to me in Williamsburg; and if stolen, I will give 51. on Conviction of the Thief. WALTER LENOX.

Advertisements.
WILLIAMSBURG, November 2, 1774. ON Sunday Night last Mrs. Campbell's House was broke open, and two Trunks, containing seventeen or eighteen Changes of Linen...
AUGUST 4, 1774. PURSUANT to a Decree of the High Court of Chancery of Great Britain, the Children of James Hemy, who was the Nephew of Hugh Hemy...
OCTOBER 25, 1774. A PLAN and Estimate for opening the Navigation of Potomack River above the Falls, being approved of by many Persons interested therein...
FALMOUTH, October 26, 1774. I INTEND to leave the Colony soon. JAMES CLELAND.
THIS is to give Notice that I intend to remove from Mecklenburg to James City County, about Christmas next. RICHARD LEIGH.
AMHERST, October 25, 1774. WE shall leave the Colony in a short Time, unless we meet with better Business than we have any Prospect of at present. BENJAMIN POLLARD. DAVID SHEPHERD.
For SALE, THREE Thousand Acres of Land in Amelia, lying on Appomattox and Flat Creeks, whereon is a convenient Dwelling-House forty Feet square...
To be RENTED for a Year, or Term of Years, A VERY convenient Tavern, with Stables, Kitchen, Bake-House, &c. belonging to the Subscriber, in Fredericksburg...
For SALE, and may be entered upon any Time in December next, THE Plantation whereon the Subscriber now lives, in the upper End of Hanover County...
To be SOLD on the Premises, to the highest Bidder, for ready Money, on the 1st of December next, by Virtue of a recorded Deed of Trust to Messrs. Dreg-horn, Murdoch, and Co.
THE Plantation whereon John Clark now lives, in Lunenburg County, containing 300 Acres of Land, which is esteemed well adapted for the Culture of Tobacco...
For SALE, SIX HUNDRED and NINETY SEVEN Acres of fine LAND for Tobacco, Wheat, or Indian Corn, lying on both Sides of Great Blue Stone Creek...
To be SOLD, at Loudoun Courthouse, on Monday the 26th Instant (November) if fair, otherwise next fair Day, THIRTY likely NEGROES, consisting of Men, Women, Boys, and Girls...
WILLIAMSBURG, November 1, 1774. IN Consequence of the Death of Mr. John Wilkins, the Subscriber attends this Meeting to transact the Business of Phripp, Taylor, and Co.
To be SOLD, to the highest Bidder, on Wednesday the 16th Instant (November) at the Plantation formerly in the Possession of Captain Thomas Holt, deceased, in the County of Dinwiddie.
ALL the said Holt's Estate upon the said Plantation, consisting of three Negroes, Stocks of Cattle, Horses, Sheep, and Hogs, Plantation Utensils, the Crop of Corn, Fodder, &c.
Those who have any Demands against Captain Thomas Holt, deceased, are desired to make known the Nature and Sums of their several Demands...
YORK TOWN, November 2, 1774. RUN away from the Subscriber, some Time in August last, a Negro Man named STEPNEY BLUE, who I advertised some Time ago in this Paper...
THE Partnership between Robert Hart and John Marshall having expired the 1st of July last, they propose to sell (or if not sold between this and Christmas to rent) the Houses and Lots in Hanover Town...
ON the 10th of December will be exposed to sale the Estate of Leonard Ward, deceased, lying near Kingland Ferry, in Chesterfield County.
JUST imported in the Grizzie, Captain Syme, from Glasgow, sundry Packages of Dry Goods, consisting of Irish Linens, Checks, Bedticks, Shalloons, Mens and Womens Stockings, Camblets, &c.
TAKEN up, in Chesterfield, a BAY HORSE six Years old, four Feet nine Inches high, has some White in his Forehead, and branded on the Shoulder 1.
TAKEN up, in _____ a BAY MARE about ten Years old, four Feet ten Inches high, has several Saddle Spots, her Mane and Foretop roughly cut off, a white Mark across her Belly...
TAKEN up, in Amelia, a LIGHT RED STEER, three Feet two Inches high, all four of his Feet white, some White under his Belly, a small white Spot on his Back...
TAKEN up, in Halifax, a BAY MARE three or four Years old, four Feet five Inches high, is a natural Pacer, not docked, but branded on the near Shoulder M.
TAKEN up, in Buckingham, a BLACK STEER five Years old, a white Face with some black Spots in it, white under his Belly, all his Legs white, and marked with a Crop and Half Crop in the right Ear...
TAKEN up, in Fairfax, a small IRON GRAY HORSE about seven Years old, twelve Hands and a Half high, with a Switch Tail, and branded on the near Shoulder TP in a Piece.
TAKEN up, in Bedford, a LIGHT STRAWBERRY ROAN HORSE, appears to be about fifteen Years old, thirteen Hands two Inches and a Half high, had on a Bell of about two Shillings Value...
TAKEN up, in Buckingham, a MOUSE COLOURED BLACK MARE about seven Years old, four Feet five Inches high, two Breaks and a white Spot in her Forehead, a white Spot on her left fore Leg...
TAKEN up, in Amelia, a BRINDLED STEER, appears to be old, four Feet and three Quarters of an Inch high, appears to have been worked, marked with a Crop, Hole, and long Underkeel, in each Ear...
TAKEN up, in Pittsylvania, a WHITE MARE about twelve Years old, four Feet seven or eight Inches high, had on a Bell marked HM in a Piece, branded on the near Shoulder X, and on the near Buttock R.
DUMFRIES, October 10, 1774. THE JOCKEY CLUB PURSE of 100 GUINEAS will be run for on Tuesday the 29th of November next, which is now fixed for the first Day of the Dumfries Races...
The Members of the Club are desired to meet on Tuesday the 8th of November.
To be SOLD, to the highest Bidder, on the 25th of November next, at the Plantation of Doctor Ewen Clements (known by the Name of Lowry's)
ALL the Stocks of CATTLE, HOGS, SHEEP, and HORSES, on the said Plantation; also the Crop of Wheat, and about 4 or 500 Barrels of Indian Corn, Plantation Utensils, and sundry other Things too tedious to mention.
ALL Persons who have any Demands against the Estate of the late Doctor Ewen Clements, are desired to make them known as speedily as possible to Meriwether Smith, and the Nature of them...
To be SOLD, pursuant to an Act of Assembly, on Monday the 5th of December next, being Prince William Court Day, at the Courthouse, in the Town of Dumfries.
THE Glebe Land of Deutzen Parish, in the said County, adjoining Welford, the Seat of the Reverend Mr. James Scott, the present Incumbent, situated on Quantico Run...
To be SOLD, or CHARTERED for any Port in Europe, or the West Indies, THE Ship Westover, Mr. John Stevens Commander, Burthen 504 Hogsheds of Tobacco...
JUST imported, in the Bland, Captain Danby, and to be SOLD by the Subscriber, in Williamsburg, A FRESH Assortment of MILLINERY, consisting of Bats, Brussels, and Minionet Laces...
JUST Imported, and to be SOLD cheap for ready Money, by the Subscriber in Francis Street, Williamsburg, FINE Bottled Porter, Taunton Beer, Gloucester Cheese, Negro Plains, Kendal Cottons...
To be SOLD by the Subscriber, on reasonable Terms, for ready Money, EUROPEAN GOODS, &c. well assorted, and suitable to the Season. Also Red and White Wines, West India and Northward Rum, Sugar, Coffee, Castile Soap, Spermaceti Candles, Olives, Capers, Anchovies, &c.
For CHARTER, or private SALE, THE Ship Neptune, Archibald White Master, Burthen about 400 Hogsheds, or 10,000 Bushels. For Terms, apply to the Subscribers in Norfolk.
For SALE, at publick Vendue, at Goochland Courthouse, the 21st of November, being Court Day, FIVE HUNDRED Acres of Land lying in said County, and adjoining the Land of Joshua Pyne.
For SALE by Auction, between the Hours of three and five in the Afternoon, on Thursday the 17th of November next, at William Bradley's Tavern in Petersburg, A LOT No. 27, on the new Street in the said Town...
For SALE by Auction, between the Hours of three and five in the Afternoon, on Thursday the 17th of November next, at William Bradley's Tavern in Petersburg, A LOT No. 27, on the new Street in the said Town, with a Dwelling-House, and other Buildings thereon, occupied by William Beatie, Merchant.

To be SOLD, to the highest Bidder, for ready Money, or Tobacco, on Monday the 14th of November, at Louisa Courthouse, being Court Day,
A TRACT of LAND lying on Cuffey's Creek, containing by Estimation 590 Acres. This Land was purchased by William Temple of the Executors of John Ragland , deceased, and by him sold to Benjamin Pynes ; and is now offered for Sale, by Virtue of a Deed of Trust from said Pynes to OVERTON COSBY, and Co.
FORTY SHILLINGS Reward
F OR apprehending RALPH , a Virginia born Negro Man, about 23 Years old, five Feet eight or ten Inches high, well made, and of a yellowish Complexion; had on, when he went away (the Beginning of last Month) a blue Fearnought Waistcoat, white Cotton Breeches, Canvas Shirt, and coarse Felt Hat. He took other Clothes with him, and perhaps may change his Dress. He is an artful Negro, and will endeavour to pass for a free Man. Whoever delivers him to Mr. George Turner , at Mess's Neck , in Caroline County , or to the Subscriber in King & Queen , shall have the above Reward, and reasonable travelling Expenses allowed. RICHARD CORBIN, Junior.
LANEVILLE, October 25, 1774.
WILLIAMSBURG, October 27, 1774.
FOR the Information of all whom it may
concern, I give this publick Notice that James McDonald (or M'Daniel ) Labourer, Edward Sweny , Butcher, Edward Lupton , Shoemaker, and Patrick Ryan , were, on the 17th Day of this present Month, brought to the Bar of the General Court, then sitting, to take their Trials, for a supposed Murder by them committed in Pittsylvania County , where they were apprehended. Ryan was sworn as a Witness; and the other three, being convicted of Manslaughter, were burnt in the Hand. It appearing to the Court that they were accused of a Certain Felony in the Province of North Carolina , they were remanded to Jail. They were transported to his Country as Convicts, and have been in the Possession of Mr. John Hook , Merchant in Bedford , who sold or consigned them to Mess. Chambers and Montgomery , Merchants in Salisbury, North Carolina , whence they fled from Justice. M'DONALD (or M'Daniel ) is 20 Years old, has short brown curled Hair, thin Visage, blue Eyes, of a slender Make, and about 5 Feet 5 Inches high. SWENY is of M'Donald's Height, 32 Years old, has short dark Hair, blue Eyes, a downcast Look, and is well made. LUPTON is 25 Years old, has dark short Hair, blue Eyes, thin Visage, of a slender Make, 5 Feet 10 Inches high, and is a very saucy impertinent Fellow. RYAN is 25 Years old, has dark short Hair, Hazle Eyes, long Visage, a full Beard, and is 5 Feet 4 Inches high. They are all Irishmen . I shall be ready to deliver them to any Person, or Persons, who may make a proper Application. PETER PELHAM, Jailor.
COMMITTED to the Jail of Isle of Wight
C ounty, a Man and Woman, supposed to be runaway from Maryland . The Man calls himself JAMES GORDON , is about five Feet nine Inches high, by Trade a Dyer, of a dark Complexion, and has short brown Hair; had on a light coloured Sagathy Coat, a raised Cotton Waistcoat, dirty Leather Breeches, white Thread Stockings, plated Buckles, and Country made Shoes. The Woman says she is his Wife, and is about five Feet four Inches high, thick made, of a ruddy Complexion, and slippant Tongue; had on a black Silk Bonnet, red printed Linen Gown, blue Shalloon Petticoat, and white Shoes. They say they were born in Scotland (and speak the Dialect of that Country) and came over in the Molly , Captain Lamont , and landed at Oxford , in Maryland , about six Months ago, and have a Receipt from the Captain as a Discharge, which is supposed to be forged. They tell different Tales when separated, and are strongly suspected of an Attempt to force a Gentleman's Desk in this Neighbourhood, and were strolling about without any Occupation. If any Person claims an Interest in them, they are desired to apply and pay Charges. MICAJAH WILLS, Jailor.
TAKEN up, in Botetourt, a DARK BAY MARE three Years old, about fourteen Hands high, a natural Pacer, and branded on the near Shoulder S. PETER EVENS.
TAKEN up, in Botetourt, a CHESTNUT SORREL MARE twelve or thirteen Years old, about thirteen Hands high, and branded on the near Shoulder I H, on the Buttock FM in a Piece, and on the off Shoulder something like a Swivel Stirrup Iron. JOHN NEELY.
To be SOLD to the highest Bidder, at Belvoir, on Potowmack River, the late Seat of the Honourable George William Fairfax, Esq; on Monday the 5th of December next,
A LL the GENTEEL FURNITURE of two Rooms, KITCHEN FURNITURE, eight or ten HORSES, all his Stock of HOGS, Part of his CATTLE and SHEEP, together with the PLANTATION UTENSILS, three WAGGONS, and fifty Barrels of FISH. Purchasers of more than 5l. will have Credit till the 15th of August next, on giving Bond with approved Security, paying Interest from the Date, if the Principal should not be discharged within forty Days after it becomes due. At the same Time and Place will be rented, to the highest Bidder, a small Plantation for one Year, and two very fine Fisheries for a Term of Years. The Mansion-House, Outhouses, Garden, Orchards, and Plantation, with a sufficient Quantity of Land to suit the Tenant, will also be let for a Term of Years. Any Person inclineable may rent the Dwelling-House before the Day of Sale, and know the Terms by applying to FRANCIS WILLIS, Junior.
THE Death of Mr. Hugh M'Mekin (late
of Norfolk ) renders it absolutely necessary that the Business carried on by him there, by Mr. Matthew Anderson in King & Queen , and by Mr. Christopher Pryor at Gloucester Courthouse , be discontinued. All Persons, therefore, who are indebted for Dealings with either of these Gentlemen, on Account of Mess. John M'Douall and Co. of Glasgow , are earnestly requested to discharge their respective Balances immediately; those who have it not in their Power to make Payment will, it is expected, grant Bond. Mess. Anderson and Pryor will give constant Attendance for that Purpose, who are authorised to receive and grant Discharges. The Goods on Hand at King & Queen and Gloucester Courthouse , amounting to about 1500l. Sterling, will be sold, and the Time of Payment made as easy to the Purchaser as the Hardness of the Times will admit of. As most of these Goods were imported last Spring, they are fresh, look well, and are tolerably well assorted. There is likewise on Hand a Cargo of choice Goods, adapted for the present Season, just imported in the Bland , Captain Danby , from London , and the Juno , Captain M'Cann , from Glasgow , amounting to between 1000l. and 1250l. Sterling. For Terms apply to Mess. John Johnson , or Archibald Gowan , at Page's , Mr. Simon Fraser , at Urbanna , Mr. Matthew Anderson , in King & Queen , or to BENNETT BROWNE , Attorney in Fact for Mess. John M'Douall and Co.
To be SOLD, for ready Money, by the Executors of Newton Keene, deceased, pursuant to his last Will, by publick Auction, to the highest Bidder, on Monday the 19th of December next, if fair, otherwise next fair Day, at the Place called Newgate, in the County of Loudoun,
A TRACT of valuable LAND in the said County, adjoining to the said Place called Newgate , and partly bounded by the Mountain Road, containing about 1400 Acres; about 100 Acres whereof are under a Lease for one or two Lives, at a small yearly Rent. There is only one small Plantation, and but very little cleared Ground upon it. It is extremely well watered and timbered, and has a considerable Quantity of Ground upon it fit for improving into Meadow. This Land is very conveniently situated, being only 25 Miles from Alexandria , 23 from Dumfries , and 18 from Colchester , and has a Merchant Mill within less than a Mile of it. Newgate is a very publick Place, and well situated for Trade and publick House-keeping. Deeds will be executed on the Day of Sale. There will also be sold by the said Executors, for ready Money, at publick Sale, on Monday the 9th of January next, if fair, otherwise next fair Day, at the late Dwelling Plantation of the said Newton Keene , in Northumberland County , TWENTY very likely Virginia born NEGROES belonging to his Estate. RICHARD LEE, } Executors, DAVID BOYD, }
For CHARTER, THE Ship Betsey, James Dysart Master, Burthen about 400 Hogheads, or 10,000 Bushels. For Terms apply to JOHN LAWRENCE, & Co. NORFOLK, October 18, 1774.
WILLIAMSBURG, October 13, 1774.
I BEG Leave to inform the Publick, and
particularly those Gentlemen who were pleased to take my Subscription Papers to their respective Counties, to raise a small Sum of Money in each for the Encouragement of making SALT, that after viewing many Places on this and the other Side of the Bay, and on the Sea Coast of the Eastern Shore , I have now fixed on a very convenient Spot on that Coast for erecting proper Works; and as nothing more can be done on my Part without Money, I must beg the Favour of them to forward such Sums as they may be able to collect, to Robert Carter Nicholas , Esquire, who is so kind as to take the Trouble of receiving and paying the Money out to me. Proper Security shall be lodged in his Hands, for any Sum that I may draw. The Certainty of my being able to make Salt, as good as any whatever, is hardly to be doubted, from the several Experiments which I have made, and which are pretty fully certified by Gentlemen of Veracity, whose Certificates will be lodged in the Hands of Mr. Nicholas . Gentlemen will readily see the Necessity I am under of requesting speedy Assistance, when I inform them that I have for some Time past devoted my whole Attention to this Business, and given over every other Pursuit from which my Family might have derived any Advantage, and that, in Order to put the Works in as great Forwardness as was in my Power, I have incurred a considerable Expense, and been obliged to contract for some of the necessary Materials. JAMES TAIT.
AT the Request of Mr. James Tait, I do
hereby certify that he hath lodged in my Hands his Bond with such Securities, as I am persuaded will be approved, for his diligent and expeditious Prosecution of his Scheme of making Salt and a faithful Application and Expenditure of all such Sums of Money, as may be contributed for so desirable a Purpose. He is extremely anxious to enter upon the Work, and flatters himself that he will be enabled to do it very speedily, from the Assurances he received of being supported by a generous Assistance from different Counties. RO. C. NICHOLAS.
For SALE,
THAT valuable and well situated Lot in Williamsburg where the Coffeehouse is now kept, which may be entered upon the 1st of April next. Also a Tract of Land in Nansemond County , within three Miles of Suffolk , upon which is a good Stream for a Mill. It is well timbered with Oak and Pine, contains some very good Meadow Ground, produces good Corn and Wheat, and is capable of great Improvement; there is a very good Dwelling-House, and all necessary Houses for Cropping, with a fine young Orchard of Apple and Peach Trees. It likewise may be entered upon the 1st of April next. For Terms apply to David Meade , Esq; at Maycox ; Mr. Joseph Prentis , Attorney, in Williamsburg ; Mr. Wills Cooper , Merchant, in Suffolk ; or to the Subscriber, in Halifax Town, North Carolina . JOHN WEBB.
CABIN POINT, October 10, 1774.
AS the Store kept by me on Account of
Logan, Gilmore, and Co. at Mr. James Belfrage's is discontinued, all Persons indebted thereto are requested to make immediate Payment to Mr. John Mackay , who is properly empowered to receive the same. Those who have it not in their Power to make immediate Payment are earnestly desired to settle their Accounts, by giving Specialties to Mr. Mackay , who attends at Cabin Point for that Purpose. JOHN STEWART.
Pursuant to an Act of Assembly, will be sold at Smithfield, on Thursday the 3d of November next,
EIGHTEEN HUNDRED and SIXTY EIGHT Acres (the remaining Part of a Tract) of well timbered level Land in Isle of Wight County , belonging to Mr. James Burwell . This Land is laid off into seven Lots, is within eleven Miles of Smithfield , and five of a very fine Merchant Mill. Any Person who has Thoughts of purchasing may know the Terms by applying to Mr. James Burwell , in York County . LEWIS BURWELL, DUDLEY DIGGES, THOMAS NELSON, Junior, NATHANIEL BURWELL.
WILLIAMSBURG, September 29, 1774.
COMMITTED to the Publick Jail, on the
3d Instant, a Negro Man named CHARLES , who told me he belonged to Doctor Corbin Griffin of York , which I have repeatedly notified to the Doctor; but no Application having been made from him for the said Fellow, it is probable he has told me a Falsehood. From his own Story, he was lately the Property of Mr. James Pride , from whom Doctor Griffin received him last February, and kept him in Possession till the July following, at which Time he eloped. He is about 25 Years old, five Feet nine Inches high, slim made, well dressed, and fit to act in the Capacity of a Waiting Man. His Owner is desired to take him away, and pay Charges. PETER PELHAM.
For CHARTER, THE Ship Loddale, James Grayson Master, Burthen about 430 Hhds. British built, two Years old, a very good Vessel, well fitted and found. For Terms apply to Richard Squire Taylor , in King William County .
FOR SALE,
A TRACT of LAND in York County , about four Miles from Williamsburg , containing 250 Acres. It lies in about three Quarters of a Mile of York River , and about the same Distance from the Oyster Rocks , joins Colonel John Tabb's , and Colonel Landon Carter's Land, and has as much Timber as will pay for it in one Year, by selling Wood to the Inhabitants of Williamsburg . It is under a Mortgage to Mr. William Graves of York County , for about 190l. which Sum must be paid him at the Acknowledgment; for the Remainder of the Money one or two Years Credit will be given, as can be agreed on, and Possession may be had at Christmas . For Terms apply to Captain William Gregory of Charles City , or the Subscriber in the same County, about three Miles from the Courthouse. AMBROSE JACKSON.
NEW YORK, July 27, 1774.
FIFTY POUNDS REWARD,
WHEREAS , on the 19th of June last past, a certain JOSEPH THORP was entrusted with a considerable Sum in Half Johannesse, of nine Pennyweight, to be delivered by him at Quebec , and as he has not yet made his Appearance there, with other suspicious Circumstances, it is apprehended he is gone off with the Money. He is a Native of England , about six Feet high, swarthy Complexion, very dark keen Eyes, and pitted with the Smallpox, of a slender Make, stoops as he walks, talks rather slow, with some small Impediment in his Speech. He lived some Time in Boston , from whence he removed to Quebec , assuming the Character of a Merchant in both Places; he was also once in Trade in Newcastle, Virginia , and has a Brother settled there. It is believed he went on Board Captain John F. Pruym , for Albany , and took with him a blue Casimir and a dark brown Cloth Suit of Clothes. Whoever secures the said Joseph Thorp , in any of his Majesty's Jails on this Continent, shall be entitled to ten per Cent. on the Sum recovered, and the above Reward of 50l. when convicted. Apply to Curson and Seton of New York , Joseph Wharton , Junior, of Philadelphia , Robert Christie of Baltimore , James Gibson and Co. Virginia , John Bondfield of Quebec , Meliatiah Bourne or John Rowe of Boston . It is requested of those who may have seen this Joseph Thorp , since the 19th of June last past, or know any Thing of the Route he has taken, that they convey the most early Intelligence thereof to any of the above Persons, or Greenwood, Ritson, and Maris , in Norfolk , or to Robert Pleasants and Co. at Four Mile Creek, Henrico County ; the Favour will be gratefully acknowledged. All Masters of Vessels are forewarned from taking him off the Continent. (tf)
Wanted immediately, A JOURNEYMAN SHOEMAKER that understands the Business well in all its Branches. Such a One, that can come well recommended, for an honest, industrious, sober Man, will meet with Encouragement to his Satisfaction, a good Seat of Work, and his Money paid every Saturday Night if he chooses it. Inquire for the Subscriber, near the upper Church, in Middlesex County . SAMUEL DANIEL.
To be SOLD or RENTED (Preference will be given to the first)
A PLANTATION on Allan's Creek in Mechlenburg , within a Mile of Roanoke , consisting of about 120 Acres of Land, the Property of Mess. Alexander Donald and Co. and whereon the Subscriber now lives. The Land of itself is valuable, exclusive of the Improvements, which are a good Dwelling-House, with other necessary Outhouses, and a large and convenient Storehouse, 32 by 44 Feet. There are about 20 Acres of the low Ground well set in Timothy and Clover, and notwithstanding this dry Summer, 15 Acres of it have yielded above 30,000 Weight of Hay, which, with about 300 Bushels of Oats in the Straw; some Indian Corn, 40 Head of Cattle, 50 Head of Sheep, and some Hogs, will be sold on reasonable Terms. The Purchaser may have Possession of the Premises as soon as he pleases, and long Credit (if required) will be allowed for the Land, on his giving Bond and Security. It is expected the Store will be continued, and of Course the Purchaser will have the Benefit of the Board of the Storekeepers, and besides the Situation of the Place (being on Taylor's Ferry Road ) makes it well calculated for a Tavern. EBENEZER MACHARG.
W O O L L E N S.
THE Subscriber has just received, by the Kingston Packet , Captain Joseph Turner , from Hull , a large Assortment of coarse Woollens, viz. Six Quarter Cloths with necessary Trimmings, and other small Packages (of about 40l. Sterling Value each) consisting of coarse Duffles, Friezes, Fearnought, Halfhicks, Bearskins, Kendal Cottons, Negro Blanketing, Bed Blankets, White Plaiding, Rugs of different Kinds, and other Goods which he will sell reasonable for Cash, or short Credit. JOHN STONEY.
He has also for Sale S E I N E T W I N E in small Packages, SHOT in Barrels, West India RUM, Flat and Square BAR IRON of a good Quality, and a Quantity of COALS in said Vessel. NORFOLK, September 20, 1774.
To be SOLD,
A TRACT of LAND in Surry County , containing 450 Acres, known by the Name of Cabin Point , on which are a new Set of Brick Warehouses, which bring in about 70l. a Year, and a new Brick Merchant Mill completely fitted with two Water Wheels on a never-failing Stream, within 100 Feet of the Wharf. The Land is very good for Grain, and has about 40 Acres that may be made fine Meadow. This is one of the most improveable Estates in the Country. Half the Purchase Money to be paid in twelve Months, the other Half may lie for seven Years, on good Security being given, and punctilious Payment of Interest. If the Land is not sold by Christmas , it will be rented out. BENJAMIN HARRISON.
FOR SALE,
TWO THOUSAND Acres of LAND , lying on the River Shenandoah , in the County of Frederick , eight Miles above Albany's Gap . One Third of the Purchase Money to be paid on the Day of Sale, and an extensive Credit will be given for the Remainder. Mr. James Brown will show the Land to any Person inclineable to purchase, and I shall be on the Premises the 15th of November next. NATHANIEL BURWELL.
ISLE OF WIGHT, July 19, 1774.
Pursuant to a Decree of the Honourable General Court, and by Letter of Attorney from Colonel George Mercer of Virginia, now in London, will be sold at publick Auction,
ABOUT 3500 ACRES of LAND in the County of Loudoun , near Alexandria , and thirty five from Dumfries , on Potowmack . This Land is well known, by the Description of Ball Run Mountains , and is very fertile. Also 6500 Acres on Shenandoah River , in the County of Frederick , opposite to Snicker's Ordinary , and binding on the River about seven Miles. As this Tract is Part of a Survey one of the first in that Part of the Colony, its good Quality cannot be questioned, it is well watered, will admit of two Mills on Land Streams, and others on the River; there are now on it six Plantations well improved for Cropping, 110 Slaves, and very large and choice Stocks of Horses (some of the Dray Breed ) black Cattle, Hogs, and Sheep; which, together with the Crops of Corn and Wheat now growing (expected to be upwards of 2000 Barrels and 5000 Bushels) will be sold on the Premises, on the 24th Day of November next, or next fair Day. The Loudoun Lands will be sold at West's Ordinary , on the 21st Day of the same Month. Both Tracts will be laid off in Lots to suit every Kind of Purchaser, who may see them by applying to Mr. Francis Peyton , near the Loudoun Land , and Mr. William Dawson , who resides on the Shenandoah Tract . Among the Slaves are two good Blacksmiths, two Carpenters, and an exceeding trusty and skilful Waggoner. The aged black Cattle, and grown Hogs, will be fattened for Slaughter. Purchasers above 25l. will be allowed twelve Months Credit, on giving Bond and Security to the Subscribers, who will be prepared to make Conveyances. JOHN TAYLOR, GEORGE WASHINGTON.
To be RENTED, from Year to Year, or for a Term of Years,
BELVOIR , the beautiful Seat of the Honourable George William Fairfax , Esq; lying upon Potowmack River in Fairfax County , about fourteen Miles below Alexandria . The Mansion House is of Brick, two Stories high, with four convenient Rooms and a large Passage on the lower Floor, five Rooms and a Passage on the second, and a Servants Hall and Cellars below, convenient Offices, Stables, and Coach House adjoining, as also a large and well furnished Garden, stored with a great Variety of valuable Fruits, in good Order. Appertaining to the Tract on which these Houses stand, and which contains near 2000 Acres (surrounded in a Manner by navigable Water) are several valuable Fisheries, and a good Deal of cleared Land in different Parts, which may be let altogether, or separately, as shall be found most convenient. The Terms may be known of Colonel Washington , who lives near the Premises, or of me in Berkeley County . FRANCIS WILLIS, Junior.
FOR SALE,
A TRACT of LAND in Amelia County , containing 509 Acres, about four Miles below the Courthouse, it is remarkable for good Land for Grain, and will bring good Tobacco. The Plantation is in good Order for Cropping, sufficient to work six or eight Hands, with all necessary Houses. Any Person inclineable to purchase may depend on having a Bargain, and know the Terms by applying to WILLIAM MARSHALL.
For SALE,
ABOUT twelve Thousand Acres of exceeding rich TOBACCO LAND, in Amberst County , whereon are several Plantations and Improvements sufficient to work forty or fifty Hands. There is on the said Land for Sale a very valuable GRIST MILL, lately built, with a Stone Dam and a Pair of good Cologne Millstones, which Mill has for two Years past got upwards of 100 Barrels of Toll Corn, and is situated on a never failing Stream. The Land will be shown by William Womack , who lives at one of the Plantations, and the Prices of the Land made known by him. One or two Years Credit will be allowed, Interest being paid for the second Year, and also for the first, if the Money is not paid agreeable to Contract. The Land is to be laid off and surveyed by Colonel William Cabell , at the Expense of the Purchaser. Deeds will be made upon Bond and approved Security being given, either to Colonel William Cabell , or the Subscriber. Six per Cent. Discount will be allowed for ready Money, or good Merchants Notes. If any Person will choose to exchange Lands in the lower Part of the Country, on or near some navigable River, that are good, it is more than probable we should agree. CARTER BRAXTON.