The Virginia gazette (Williamsburg [Va.]), 1771-02-21 00:00:00

VIRGINIA GAZETTE.
With the freest ADVICES,
FOREIGN and DOMESTICK.
IN CIVITATE LIBERA LINGUAM MENTEMQUE
LIBERAS ESSE DEBERE. Suet. in Tib. S. 28.
Printed by ALEX. PURDIE, and JOHN DIXON, at the POST OFFICE.
A View of the Beauty, Wisdom, and Magnificence of Nature.
HOW grand is that Prospect which is set before us during the solemn Silence and Shade of Night! The Luminaries of Heaven shine forth with majestic Pomp...
But even upon this our Earth, though of an inferior Size, many stupendous Objects strike the Imagination. Lofty Mountains, continued Ranges of Hills...
With still greater Agitation do we behold the vast Collection of Waters in the Ocean, which at once satisfies the Eye with the boundless Prospect...
Nor is it Greatness alone that strikes us in the Prospect of Nature. Joined to this Magnificence we observe an exact Uniformity, and an endless Variety.
How delightful is the Prospect of the Earth, diversified with Hills, Valleys, Woods, Rivers, Lakes, and Seas! The Verdure and Freshness of the Spring...
Not only the fertile Fields and Meadows, which are watered with Brooks and Rills, not only the Woods and richer Plains, with the grassy Pastures of the Mountains...
Nature hath made ample Provision, not for our Pleasure only, but for the Conveniencies and Necessities of Mankind, and the other Animals which are Inhabitants of our Globe.
How many different sorts of Soils and Moulds are to be found upon the Surface of the Earth! Some are prolific, and produce innumerable Seeds and Roots...
Besides earthy Substances, Nature has provided Plenty of Bodies which have a more firm Consistence. It furnishes Stones for Houses, and other Structures.
There are other Stones, some brighter, some paler, of one or diverse Colours, which, by their peculiar Lustre, serve for Elegance and Ornament...
Within the dark and cold Receffes of the Earth, yet not far below its Surface, that Mankind may dig for them more easily, Nature hath provided large Quantities of combustible Substances...
By the constant Vicissitude of the Tides, when the Waters rise or fall, according to the Motions of the Moon, all Stagnation of the Ocean is prevented...
To preserve the Element of Air pure and healthful, gentle Gales and Breezes, nay the fiercest Winds, become the obedient Ministers of the Almighty.
Innumerable Grains, Roots, Herbs, Flowers, Shrubs, and Trees, divided into many different Kinds, belong to the vegetable Kingdom. How beautiful are their various Forms and Colours!
But whatever Wonders may be observed in the Formation and Growth of the vegetable Kinds, the Structure of Animals is still more wonderful and divine. Endued with various Degrees of Perception...
How just are the Proportions of animated Bodies! How beautiful are their Forms! How curious is the Texture of those Substances of which they are compounded!
What plentiful Sources of Pleasure are the Senses of Animals! With what excellent Instincts are they endowed by the wise and bountiful Creator!
the Use of their Faculties, and attain the full Perfection of their Kind. In searching out their Food, in propagating and providing for their Young...
How far inferior, notwithstanding, are all the other Animals to Man, and how divine is that Reason with which he is endowed! How many and how different Objects does the Mind of Man comprehend at once...
Over all Arts and Sciences Philosophy presides, as of the highest Dignity. Various are Mens Dispositions and Abilities, and by their different Characters they discover different Degrees of Perfection...
But not only in this exalted Character; In those also of an inferior Order, the Excellence of human Reason and Genius renders itself conspicuous. By Statuary we bring distant Objects to Sight...
There is Nothing so common that does not demonstrate the Force of human Genius. It is this which has directed us so distinctly to communicate our Thoughts to one another...
Nor is it enough for the daring Genius of Mankind to erect Monuments of their Glory every Where upon the Land; they likewise raise Trophies in the Midst of the Sea...
In a Word, who can enumerate all those agreeable, curious, and useful Arts, which are now so common in the World? To what lucky Chance, or happy Genius, shall we ascribe their Invention?
But whatever Display of the divine Wisdom and Energy is made by those Arts which are known among Men, there is a more illustrious Display of Wisdom in the Works of Nature.
C A D I Z, October 23.
WE are busy in furnishing all the Batteries with Cannon and Mortars, building new Batteries, and making all the necessary Preparations to put this Place in the best State of Defence possible.
October 26. A French Frigate, freighted by our Court, set Sail this Morning for the Canaries, to which Island she carries two Thousand Muskets.
October 30. M. de Reggio, Lieutenant General of the Spanish Marine, is to set out very soon to take the Command of a Squadron at Ferrol.
PARIS, November 12. The great Desire which the People of this Kingdom, in general, have for Peace, makes them eager to catch at every Glimmering that gives them the least Hopes of it.
they carry on with great Vigour. In short, we are to look for the Decision of the Parliament of Great Britain in this Affair, and therefore impatiently wait their Determination.
November 16. The Credit of the Royal Actions begins to revive, which proves that the Publick puts a just Confidence in the Abilities of the Abbe de Terray, to restore Order in the Finances of the State.
The Grenadiers of France, who, it is said, consist of forty Battalions, are filing off towards Brittany; and the Count de Stainville, their Commander, is to take the Command of the Troops.
MARSEILLES, November 16. The Sieur Lemaire, French Consul in the Morea, is lately arrived here, with his Family, from Coron, where he resided, and which he was obliged to abandon, when the Russian Squadron, under Count Orlof, undertook the Siege.
BRUSSELS, November 19. According to Advices from Paris, the Number of Troops ordered to their Sea Coasts amounts to forty five Thousand Men.
HAGUE, November 20. Some Letters from Madrid advise that all Business is transacted in the Catholic King's Cabinet with the utmost Secrecy, so that Nothing transpires in publick concerning the Manner in which the Differences between Spain and England will be terminated...
November 22. Extract of a Letter of Prince Gallitzin, Minister from the Court of Peterfburg, to the States General, dated October 30. The Chan of the Tartars being desirous to go into Guinea with Part of his Troops, and the Turks which he kept with him, after the Defeat of the Grand Viziar, was attacked by Land by General Berg, and on the Dnieper by the Saporoskey Cossacks.
CONSTANTINOPLE, October 17. We have received Advice that on the 9th of this Month Hassan Bey put himself at the Head of three Thousand four Hundred Men, and failed from the Dardanelles to relieve the Castle of Lemnos...
The last Letters from Ibraktscha advise that the Grand Viziar was making Dispositions to attack the Russians in Flank, on the Side of Walachia, where there are two Bashiaws with twenty Thousand Men, and a Body of twenty Thousand Tartars.
LONDON, November 24.
WE hear that on Monday next a Motion is intended to be made to bring in a Bill to define, and state, what shall hereafter be considered as a Libel.
A Correspondent asserts that the French and Spaniards have eighty Ships of the Line manned, and ready for sailing Orders at a Moment's Notice; and if the Duke of Choiseul's Proposal had not been overruled in the last French Council at Versailles...
It was said to a Minister, the other Day, "My Lord, your Enemies will certainly never cease until they have forced you headlong out of Power;" and it was replied, "And that will certainly never be, my Lord Duke, until they have forced me headlong to the Tower."
On Thursday Night, and Friday Morning last, the low Ground from Hampstead Heath to Weybourn Green was overflowed; but the Pastures lying upon the Ascent each Way, the Cattle escaped. On Saturday Morning the whole Flood came down to Baywater, where, notwithstanding his Majesty's Indulgence in giving a new Opening through the Wall on the left Hand of the Road...
Mr. Edmund Burke, in his Speech, in the Robinhood Society, says: "To me he (Lord North) seems to tread close in the Footsteps of his Fellow Labourers in the ministerial Vineyard, and to crow over us with the same Reason that they triumph over the Americans."

as exported out of his Territories, what does he do? He lately lays an equivalent Tax upon some Commodity out of their Country. The Americans could not directly take the Tax, but they did what was tantamount; they entered into solemn Agreement to import none of the taxed Goods.
Thus it appears, from this Deduction, that the Ministers have no Reason to place themselves upon the Termination of the Quarrels which they have raised in America, or upon any Affairance they are likely to derive from that Quarter. Before the Americans can heartily concur in any Measure which it may be necessary for Britain to embrace at this Juncture, their Grievances must be redressed. The same irrefragable Arguments which were applied by my Honourable Friend to Britain are equally applicable to them, and to the Irish. Their Support must be purchased by the Removal of every Cause of Discontent. This is the only Magick, the only Charm, which can draw their Affection, which can cement and unite the different Members of the Empire, and make it as if inspired by one Soul. Instead, therefore, of charging the Americans with very unwarrantable Practices, and thus threatening them with coercive Measures, the Minister ought immediately to have proposed the Repeal of the Tea Act, and to have adopted every other Scheme of Reconciliation. Thus formed by mutual Confidence and Attachment, into one firm and compact Body, we may look our Enemies in the Face. He who gives any other Advice can hardly be an honest Man, much less a wise Counsellor; and the Minister who could not see and embrace this Truth is not, by his Abilities, entitled to the Station which he occupies. For if the Bourbon Confederacy be an Object of Terror, it is certainly no just Object of Contempt. He, therefore, who will not strive to exert against it the whole undivided Strength of our Empire, must either be a Foe or a Drowner. Account of the Loss of his Majesty's Ship Swift, on the Coast of Patagonia, extracted from a Letter from a Gentleman who was on Board, to his Friend in London.
We failed from Port Esmont, on a Cruise, the 7th of March last, and had a violent Gale of Wind for some Days, which drove us over to the Coast of Patagonia. As we were sickly, and wanted Refreshment, we resolved to go into Port Desire, finding ourselves within a few Leagues of it. On attempting to work in we struck on a Rock, where we beat for an Hour and a Half before we were able to get the Ship off. We then (the Wind just at that Time coming to the eastward) ran up the River. When we got about Half a Mile up we struck on another Rock; and as it was at this Time Ebb Tide, our united Efforts to get her off proved ineffectual. She hung upon this Rock by the fore Foot, her Stern being amazingly depressed, about three Hours; she then slipped off, overfed, and sunk in eight Fathoms Water. This happened at six in the Evening. Some got on the Rocks, others swam for the Shore, and some for the Boats; so that we were all saved, with great Difficulty, except three Men. The Hawkins we met with afterwards can be better conceived than described, having Nothing to lie upon, in that tempestuous Climate, except a few Sails, which were accidentally saved, and no other shelter than Rocks and Stones; for there is not a Tree, nor a Bush, in the whole Country. We lived upon Sea Lions, and sometimes Seaweed, when we could get them; for we liked them rather better than the former, notwithstanding they were extremely slimy. We had Nothing to drink but dirty brackish Water, except when Providence was so kind as to send a Shower of Rain; at which Time every one drank heartily out of the Cavities of the Rocks, but could not lay by a Store of it, for Want of Vessels to keep it in.
Two Days after the Loss of the Ship our Master and six Men failed, in the Cutter, for Port Esmont; in Order, if possible, to bring the Favourite to our Relief. This was, perhaps, the most dangerous Undertaking that ever was known; however, they succeeded, and returned to us, with the Favourite, about a Month afterwards. Every One, except four or five, had lost all Hopes, and given her up a Fortnight before she appeared in Sight, and we were beginning to prepare for a March to Buenos Ayres; but by what we have since learned it would have been impossible for any of us to have got there, for the Distance (as we could not have gone in a straight Line, on Account of the large Rivers that are in the Way) is near two Thousand Miles, not to mention the Want of Provisions and Water, the lying on the cold Ground, without any Covering, and the Danger we had to dread from the native Savages, which, we have since been informed, are very numerous for several Hundred Leagues to the southward of Buenos Ayres. We saw no Inhabitants during our Stay at Port Desire, nor were we able to kill any Guanacos; although they were very plenty, but extremely shy. Captain Farney, and Mr. Thompson, our Surgeon, went in the small Boat about fifty Leagues up the River, in Hopes of making some Discoveries, and getting some Guanacos; but were obliged to return the first Day, as they could get Nothing to eat or drink. In short, it is the most barren and desolate Country, I suppose, in the World. We were exceedingly happy when we were relieved from it, and still more so when the Spaniards came to drive us away from Falkland's Island.
M. Barre, in his Description of the Manners of the Portuguese, and representing them as a People whose Time is chiefly taken up with Devotion and Pleasure, concludes thus: "Thus live the Portuguese, without thinking much of to-morrow, that plague to-morrow, which, along with Liberty, is always uppermost in the Head of an Englishman."
DUBLIN, November 15. A few Days ago one of his Majesty's Cutters, stationed at King'sale, chased a homeward bound Vessel from Newfoundland, in Order to impress the Passengers, when a desperate Fight began, in which the Cutter was obliged to sheer off, with one of her Men killed, and some wounded. The Conquerors then landed at Dungarvon.
Five Transports, from London, are arrived at Cork, for carrying the Troops to Minorca.
Notwithstanding the great Encouragement to Tillage given by the Dublin Society, we are informed it has been computed that, within these twelve Months past, four hundred Thousand Quarters of Corn have been imported into this Kingdom from Great Britain, America, &c. for which we have paid, including Freight, Half a Million of Pounds Sterling.
Anecdote of Paul Petrovitz, Great Duke of Russia, Son of the reigning Empress Catherine II., by her deposed Husband Peter III. and Heir apparent to the Crown. Communicated by a Gentleman just arrived from Peterburg.
THE Beginning of the present Summer four English Captains hired a Coach for the Day, on a Party of Pleasure. In their Way they met this Prince, in his Equipage, coming to Peterburg, and had almost passed him without making their Obedience, or showing him a proper Respect; a heinous Offence, as the Russians, from the most savage, are become as polite and ceremonious as our good Neighbours the French. His Highness, seeing they were Englishmen, and being conversant in the Language en passant , put his Head out of the Window of his Carriage, and, waving his Hat, cried out, Wilkes and Liberty, huzza! The Great Duke is about seventeen Years of Age, being born in October 1754; a Youth of a sprightly Disposition and promising Genius, and bids fair to make a Figure in the Annals of History.
On AMERICAN Taxation in the BRITISH Parliament.
THOUGH every Part of the British Empire is bound to support and promote the Advantage of the Whole, it is by no Means necessary that this should be done by a Tax indiscriminately laid upon the Whole. It seems sufficient that every Part should contribute to the Support of the Whole as it may be best able, and as may best suit with the common Constitution.
I have before observed the different Degree of Dependency on the Mother State. I shall now review the same again, with a particular Regard to imposing or paying Taxes; and if a material Difference hath always obtained in this Respect, it will confirm my Assertion that every Branch of the British Empire is not affected by the Tax Laws of Great Britain in the following Manner.
"The Parliament has a Right to Tax," but this Right is not inherent in the Members of it as Men; I mean, the Members of Parliament are not (like the Senate of Venice) so many Rulers who have each of them a native and inherent Right to be the Rulers of the People of England, or even their Representatives; they do not meet together as a Court of Proprietors to consider their common Interest, and agree with one another what Tax they will lay on those over whom they bear Rule, or whom they represent, but they only exercise that Right which Nature hath placed in the People in general, and which, as it cannot conveniently be exercised by the whole People, it has been lodged in some of their Body chosen from among themselves, and by themselves, for that Purpose, and empowered for a Time only to transact the Affairs of the Whole, and to agree in their Behalf on such Supplies as it may be necessary to furnish unto the Crown for the Support of its Dignity, and the Necessities and Protection of the People.
It would be absurd to say that the Crown hath a Right to lay on a Tax, for as Taxes are granted to the Crown, so, in this Case, the Crown would make a Grant to itself; and hence the Bill of Rights expressly asserts that "the levying of Money for or to the Use of the Crown, by Pretence of Prerogative, without Grant of Parliament, for a longer Time, or in any other Manner than the same is or shall be granted, is illegal." Hence also there is a material Difference between Money Bills and all other Laws. The King and Lords cannot make any Amendment in Money Bills, as the House of Lords frequently doth in all others, but must accept or refuse them such as they are offered by the Commons. The constitutional Reason of which is very obvious; it is the People only that give, and therefore giving must be the sole Act of those by whom the Givers are represented. The Crown cannot take until it is given, and they that give cannot give
but on their own Behalf and of those whom they represent. Nay even then they cannot give but in a constitutional Manner; they cannot give the Property of those they represent without giving their own exactly in the same Proportion; every Bill must be equally binding upon all whom they represent, and upon every One that is a Representative.
Every Representative in Parliament is not a Representative for the whole Nation, but only for the particular Place for which he hath been chosen. If any are chosen for a plurality of Places, they can make their Election only for one of them. The Electors of Middlesex cannot choose a Representative but for Middlesex; and as the Right of sitting depends entirely upon the Election, it seems clear, to Demonstration, that no Member can represent any but those by whom he hath been elected. If not elected, he cannot represent them, and of Course not consent to any Thing in their Behalf. While Great Britain's Representatives do not sit assembled in Parliament in whatever can be laid, by any Power, on Great Britain's Inhabitant, it is plain, therefore, that without Representation there can be no Taxation. If Representation arises entirely from the free Election of the People it is plain that the elected are not Representatives in their own Right, but by Virtue of their Election; and it is not less so that the Electors cannot confer any Right on those whom they elect but what is inherent in themselves. The Electors of London cannot confer or give any Right to their Members to lay a Tax on Westminster, but the Election made of themselves doubtless empowers them to agree to, or differ from, any Measures they think agreeable or disagreeable to their Constituents, or the Kingdom in general. If the Representatives have no Right but what they derive from their Electors and Election, and if the Electors have no Right to elect any Representatives but for themselves, and if the Right of sitting in the House of Commons arises only from the Election of those designed to be Representatives, it is undeniable that the Power of Taxation in the House of Commons cannot extend any farther than to those who delegated them for that Purpose; and if none of these Electors in England could give a Power to those whom they elected to represent, or tax any other Part of his Majesty's Dominions except themselves, it must follow that when the Commons are met they represent no other Place or Part of his Majesty's Dominions, and cannot give away the Property but of those who have given them a Power so to do by choosing them their Representatives.
The Parliament hath the sole Right to lay on Taxes; and it is not the King and Lords that give and grant, but this is the sole Act of the Commons. The Commons have a Right to do so either from the Crown or People, or it is a Right inherent in themselves. It cannot be inherent in themselves, for they are not born Representatives, but are so by Election, and that not for Life, but only for a certain Time; neither can they derive it from the Crown, else the Liberty and Property of the Subject must be entirely in the Disposal and Possession of the Crown. But if they hold it entirely from the People they cannot hold it from any other People but those who have chosen them to be their Representatives; and it should seem they cannot extend their Power of taxing beyond the Limits of Time and Place, nor indeed for any other Purpose but that for which they have been chosen. As the Commons in Parliament cannot lay any Tax but what they must pay themselves, and falls equally upon the whole Kingdom of England, so, by a fundamental Law, they cannot lay but such a Part of the general Tax on some Part of the united Kingdom. The Principality of Wales was never taxed by Parliament until it was incorporated and represented; and, poor as it is, it pays now considerably larger than Scotland, which is as big again. When England is taxed two Millions in the Land Tax no more is paid in Scotland than forty eight Thousand Pounds, and yet to lay a higher Tax on North Britain the British Parliament cannot; it cannot without breaking the Union, that is, a fundamental Law of the Kingdom. All the Right it hath to tax Scotland arises from, and must be executed in, the Terms of the Union.
The Islands of Guernsey, &c. are not taxed by the British Parliament at all; they still have their own States, and I never heard that the British Parliament ever offered to hinder them to lay on their own Taxes, or to lay on additional Ones, where they are not represented.
Ireland is a conquered Kingdom, the greater Part of its Inhabitants Papists, who in England pay double Tax. The Romans always made a Difference between their Colonies and their Conquests; and, as reasonable, allowed greater, and indeed all common Liberties, to the former. Ireland hath been conquered twice again upon the Natives since its first Conquest, nevertheless it has hitherto had its own Legislature. If the Parliament of Great Britain claims a Right to tax them, they never yet made Use of that Right; and seeing, for Ages past, they enjoyed the Privilege of having their own Property disposed of by Representatives in a Parliament of their own, it is very natural to suppose that they think themselves entitled to these Things, and the more so, because, in the very Bill that determines their Dependency, they are not said to be dependent on the British Parliament, nor yet on Crown and Parliament, but only on the Crown of Great Britain.
It seems to be a prevailing Opinion in Great Britain that the Parliament hath a Right to tax the Americans, and that unless they have so America would be independent of Great Britain.
And it seems to be a prevailing Opinion in America that to be taxed without their Consent, and where they are not and cannot be represented, would deprive them of the Rights of Englishmen; nay, in Time, with the Loss of the Constitution, would deprive them of Liberty and Property altogether.
It is easily seen that this is a very interesting Subject, the Consequences in each Case very important, though in neither so alarming and dangerous to Britain as to America. With Regard to Great Britain, if it should not prove so as is claimed, the Consequence can only be this, that then no Tax can be laid, or Revenue be raised, on the Americans, but where they are represented, and in a Manner which they think consistent with their natural Rights as Men, and with their civil and constitutional Liberties as Britons. The Dependency of America upon Great Britain will be as full and firm as ever, and they will cheerfully comply with the Requisitions of the Crown in a constitutional Manner. The Question is not whether the Americans will withdraw their Subordination, or refuse their Affiance, but whether they themselves shall give their own Property where they are legally represented, or whether the Parliament of Great Britain, which does not represent them, shall take their Property and dispose of it in the same Manner as they do theirs whom in Parliament they actually represent. The Americans do not plead for a Right to withhold, but freely and cheerfully to give. If a Hundred Thousand Pounds are to be raised the Question is not shall they be raised or no, but shall the Parliament levy so much upon the Americans, and order them to pay it, as a Gift and Grant of the Commons of Great Britain to the King? Or shall the Americans also have an Opportunity to show their Loyalty and Readiness to serve the King, by freely granting it to the King themselves? It is not to be denied the Americans apprehend that if any Power, no Matter what the Name, where they are not represented, hath a Right to lay a Tax on them at Pleasure, all their Liberty and Property is at an End, and they are upon a Level with the meanest Slaves.
England will not lose a Shilling in Point of Property; the Rights and Privileges of the good People of Britain will not be in the least affected, supposing the Claim of the Americans just, and to take Place; whereas every thing dreadful appears in View to the Americans if it should turn out otherwise. The Crown cannot lose; the Americans are as willing to comply with every constitutional Requisition as the British Parliament itself can possibly be. The Parliament cannot lose; it will still have all the Power and Authority it hitherto had, and ought to have had. And when every Branch of the Legislature, and every Member of the British Empire, has a true Regard to reciprocal Duty, Prerogative, and Privilege, the Happiness of the Whole is best likely to be secured and promoted.
The Americans most solemnly disclaim every Thought, and the very Idea, of Independence; they are sometimes afraid they are charged with a Desire of it, not because this appears to be the real Case, but to set their Arguments in an invidious Light, and to make them appear odious in the Sight of their Mother Country. This is not a Dispute about a Puntillo; the Difference in the Consequence is amazingly great. Supposing America is not taxed where not represented, and supposing Things are left upon the same Footing in which, with manifest Advantage to Britain and America, they have been ever since Britain had Colonies, neither the Trade nor Authority of Britain suffers the least Diminution; but the Mischief to the Colonies is beyond all Expression, if the contrary should take Place.
From the UNIVERSAL MAGAZINE.
I read, with great Pleasure, an Account of Tamerlane's Jubilee; but what struck me most in it was his Speech that closed it. Nothing can well merit greater Attention. It was a Picture of his noble Soul, of his excellent Qualities; which may appear more amply exemplified in the Sketch of his Character, which I here send you, if you think it worthy of a Place in your valuable Collection.
TAMERLANE was remarkable for his sincere Piety, great Veneration for Religion, strict Justice, and unbounded Liberality. As to his Birth, his ninth Grandfather was Tumenka Khan, of the Race of Buzerjan Khan, Chief of a Branch of the Tribe of Kayat, descended from Turk, the Son of Japhet. Jenghiz Khan was descended from the same Tribe. Tamerlane's Grandfather and Father having abdicated their Kingdom, he may be said to have been the Founder of his own Power, and to have brought the Crown into this august Family, he being the first Emperor of it.
At the Age of twenty five he attained the highest Dignities, with surprising Courage, and an Ambition admired by all the World. Endeavouring to perfect the great Talents which he had received from Nature, he spent nine Years in different Countries; where his good Sense and great Genius appeared in Councils and Assemblies, while his Impetuosity and Valour, whether in personal Combats or pitched Battles, drew upon him the Admiration of every Body.
He made himself Master of the three Empires of Jagatay Khan, Turki Khan, and Halaku Khan; so that his Power, Riches, and Magnificence, were greater than we read of other Monarchs, or even that can well be imagined. But the chief Proof of his Power was, whatever Kingdom he made War upon he soon conquered it, and gave the Government to some of his Children and Officers; not acting like ancient Conquerors, who were contented with these Tokens of Submission which vanquished Princes might make by the Payment of a Tribute. One Thing farther remarkable in this Monarch's Conduct was, that although he observed the wholesome Maxim of holding Diets yet he never solely confided in them, but constantly did what his own Genius inspired him with. He could not be shaken in his Resolutions, and had the Policy to be present at the Execution of his most important Enterprises, whether they concerned the State or Religion; but in Peace, and War, he would put forward every Thing himself.
There remain infinite Monuments of his Grandeur in the Cities, Towns, Castles, and Walls, which he built; in Rivers and Canals, which he dug; as well as Bridges, Gardens, Palaces, Hospitals, Mosques, and Monasteries, which he erected in divers Parts of Asia, in so great a Number that a King might be accounted very powerful and magnificent who should have employed thirty six Years only in building the great Edifices which he caused to be founded. Are not all the Caravanseras in the great Roads of Asia, for the Accommodation of Travellers, the magnificent Monasteries and Hospitals, from which the poor, the sick, and Passengers, reap so great Advantage, by the Alms distributed there, the good Works of this pious Emperor?
As to his Person, he was very corpulent, tall, and exceeding fat, but very well shaped. He had a large Forehead, and big Head. His Countenance was good; and his Complexion fair, very ruddy, and pot at all swarthy. He wore a large Beard; was very strong, and well limbed; had broad Shoulders, thick Fingers, and long Legs. His Constitution was perfectly hale; but he was maimed in one Hand, and lame of the right Side. His Eyes appeared full of Fire, but were not very brisk. His Voice was loud, and piercing. He feared Nothing; and, although near four score Years of Age, his Understanding was sound and perfect, his Body vigorous and robust, his Mind constant, and unshaken like a Rock.
He did not like Raillery, and could not bear a Lie. There was no joking or fooling before him; for he loved the naked Truth, even although it was to his own Disadvantage. He was neither grieved if he miscarried in any Attempt, nor appeared overjoyed on any good Success. The Device of his Seal was, I am sincere and plain . He never admitted of any lewd Discourse in his Presence, nor ever talked of slaying, plundering, Ravages, making Slaves, or the like Violences; yet was bold, courageous, feared, and respected. He had a clear and subtle Understanding, was surprisingly sure in his Conjectures, vigilant and active where requisite, and unsearchable in his Resolutions. He could see into the most hidden Intrigues, and discover the most subtle Artifices, could distinguish the Truth from Sophistry, and by the Strength of his Reason saw Things in their Causes, as others see Objects present to their Eyes.
He took great Delight in reading History, or hearing it related. He was so well versed in the State of Countries, Provinces, and Cities, that the Natives were astonished to find him as knowing as themselves; and, when he arrived at any City, would ask those who came first to wait on him what News of such and such Persons. What was that that happened to such a One, at such a Time, and in such an Affair? How did such an Undertaking succeed? What End did such Persons make of the Difference that was between them? And would often tell them of the Disputes and Conversations they had with others. This made them think he had been among them in Disguise, and some affirmed they had seen him; but this Intelligence he gained by Spies and Correspondents, which he had in all Places. His Conjectures came surprisingly to pass. Among the rest, when he arrived before Siwas, which had a very strong Garrison, he said to his Men, mark what I tell you, we shall have this Place in eighteen Days; which actually happened. "It is most certain (says Arabinah, an Historian who wrote to his Discredit) that this Limper was either directed by Heaven, or doomed to eternal Torments, by the ill Use which he should make of temporal Felicity."
He was a great Dissembler, and studied Ways to deceive every Body. He would pretend that the Things which above all others he hated, or desired to avoid, were most agreeable to him; and learned not to like those which he was passionately fond of. He would assemble his Officers, to consult which Way they should march next, and when they had come to a Resolution would issue Orders accordingly, and at the same Time assign the Reasons for taking such a Route; but, as soon as every Thing was ready, and the Army began to move forward, he on a sudden countermanded his Orders, and obliged them to march a quite contrary Course. He was so artful that when an Enemy advanced to meet him he would often, as in Syria, spread a Report that his Soldiers were fatigued and dispirited. He would even retreat, under Pretence that his Troops wanted Provisions or Forage. All this was done in Order to animate the Enemy, and make them keep their Post, that he might the more easily surround them with his Forces.
When he resolved on any Siege, or other Enterprise, though ever so difficult and hazardous, he was not to be diverted from his Purpose, and it was dangerous for any Body to advise him to desist. Mohammed Kawjin, the greatest of all his Favourites, having undertaken, at the Solicitation of the chief Commanders, to give over the Siege of a Castle in India, built on a very high Rock, Tamerlane stripped him of all his Wealth, and turned him adrift.
This Prince, when he undertook any Thing, never ceased labouring, both with his Hands and Head, to bring it about. One Time, that he besieged a Castle, he contracted a Fever by too much Fatigue; yet, not being able to rest without seeing how Things went on, he ordered himself to be carried to the Door of his Tent, which stood on an Eminence, from whence he beheld the Attack. He was supported under the Arms, by two Persons; but, being very weak, soon ordered them to lay him gently on the Ground, which they did. Then, sending one of them away, said to the other, named Mahmud of Marazem, "Consider my Feebleness, and how destitute I am of Strength. I have neither a Hand to do any Thing, nor a Foot to walk. If I should be attacked, I cannot defend myself. Should I be abandoned, in the Condition I am in, I should remain as in a Trap, without being able in any Way to help myself, or avoid the Evils that must befall me; yet, fee, the Almighty has bestowed Nations to my Obedience, gives me Entrance into the most inaccessible Places, fills the Earth with the Terror of my Name, and makes Kings and Princes fall down before me. Can such Works come from any but God? What am I but a poor miserable Wretch, without either Power or Application equal to such great Exploits?" At these Words the Tears fell from his Eyes, neither could Mahmud refrain from weeping. Tamerlane left behind fifty three Descendants; thirty six Males, and seventeen Females.
CHARLESTOWN, January 7.
ON Tuesday the 25th of last Month, about Half an Hour past one in the Afternoon, a dreadful Fire broke out in some wooden Buildings on the Wharf next the Exchange, which continued with great Violence until near four o' Clock, when, by the repeated Exertions and Alertness of the Firemasters, and other Inhabitants, assisted by a Number of Men under an Officer from his Majesty's Ship Fowey, it was happily got under, after having consumed all the Buildings from where it began, to the last Range on Colonel Beale's Wharf. The Damage sustained is said to be about seven Thousand Pounds Sterling. When the Fire first appeared the Wind was to the eastward of north, but in a little Time it very providentially shifted about four Points to the westward, whereby the Town was saved; yet the Intensity and Violence of the Heat was such as to set on Fire the Cornice of the Exchange, and some Houses on the Bay, more than once.
BOSTON, January 24.
ON Friday Evening last an Assembly was first opened, at Concert Hall, for the Winter Season. It is said a large Number of the principal Gentlemen of the Town, who have been of very different Sentiments in the late Party Disputes, are Subscribers; and that the Assembly was proposed in order to restore Peace, Harmony, and the Blessings of social Life.
We hear from Swansey that about a Fortnight ago there was a small Shock of an Earthquake felt in that Neighbourhood.
A Correspondent has sent us the following. "An odd and sad Accident lately happened to a Gentleman, who has a considerable Port in the —. This Gentleman had the Misfortune to fall deeply in Love with another Man's Wife. She was adverse to his Importunities for a long While; at Length, tired of them, she informs the Husband. He advises her to make an Appointment with the Gentleman. This she does. The Wife is put out of the Way. The Husband, equipped in the Wife's Cap, &c.

at the Time appointed goes to Bed. The Gentleman gets in at the Window, and truly makes his Way into the Room where his supposed Mistress lay. He kneels by Bed, where behold, just as he was entering, Madam, with the Cap on, gave a Whistle, when three or four sturdy Rovers burst out from a neighbouring Closet, fired my Gentleman, who met with an irreparable Loss, and is now under the Care of Skilful Surgeons.
NEW YORK, January 31. Extract from the Votes and Proceedings of the General Assembly of the Colony of New York. A Message from his Excellency the Governor, to his Secretary Captain Fey; which, being read, is in the Words following, viz. GENTLEMEN, SEEING, by the Proceedings of your House, Yesterday, that a Sum was voted for his Salary as Governor of this Province, I must acquaint you that his Majesty has appointed me a Salary out of the Treasury; in Consequence of which I am not at Liberty to receive it from the Assembly, therefore I desire that the Article which relates to it, in your Resolves, may be omitted. FORT GEORGE, January 28, 1771.
PHILADELPHIA, February 4. By the London Chronicle, of November 15th, it appears that a Difference has arisen between Parton Home and Mr. Wilkes, the latter charging the former with the Publication of a false Account of the Proceedings at a Meeting of the Freeholders of Westminster at the Doghead Tavern, when the Remonstrance was voted, and call upon him to retract his Error and publish the Truth. He concluded thus: "I desire, on every Occasion, to inform the Whole of my Conduct to the publick Attention and a sacred Love of Truth should have made you, before this Acknowledgement to the World how greatly you are mistaken, and also upon the Impression of which you were guilty." The Parson replies: "Though the Truth has not been made publick, yet I must confess there are two positions on Mankind which I would fain be excused from the Office of defending and exposing."
WILLIAMSBURG, February 21. [MARRIAGES] JOHN TAYLOR CORBIN, Esquire, one of the Representatives for KING and QUEEN, to Miss MOLLY WALLER, of this City.
To Messrs. PURDIE & DIXON, GENTLEMEN. THERE is Nothing upon which I can congratulate the polemick World with so much Propriety as the Refinements to which Disputants have lately acceded. The Violence of their Contests was wont to resemble the Fury of Combats among barbarous Warriors. Politeness hath at Length, however, softened both Kinds of Hostility. The Pen hath its Retinues, as well as the Sword. Circumstances may, nevertheless, render necessary Attack or Defence to a Person who is equally unskilled in the Laws of Arms or the Science of Schools. When his Flock is molested by a Lion or a Bear, the Shepherd may seize the Fox by the Beard. When a Giant advocates with the Front of Defiance, a Strippling may use a Sling and a Stone. His Lins being uncruished by the Pressure of Armour, he may be allowed to decline the Helmet and the Mail. Thus circumstanced, I have presumed to stop forth against a doughty Champion, wh, by the Tercet of his Sword, the Weight of his Spear, and the Splendour of his Shield, seems to have dismayed the Army he defies.
That Philo-Dicacis the Giant I mean no One can be at a Loss to discover. A Drawcansir for the Clergy, he thus proclaims the Cause he supports: "Our Establishment and our Properties." Not doubting that the Twentey Acts were subversive of these, he declares them as effectually overthrown by a late Charge in the Law. Ye Burgees, you Council of Virginia! how irreligious, how unjust, are ye, become! By delaying for a Month, the Payment of Tobacco, ye have rendered ineffectual the pure Doctrines of our Church, and pillaged the Clergy, who subsist on the same. How much is every Christian, and every Clergyman, indebted to Philo-Dicacis for his disinterested Affection upon this Occasion; the Effusions of which he thus elegantly and modestly expresses: "I impatiently wanted to set it (i. e. the Act of Assembly) for some Time, and lately casually came across a Copy of it; and, by what appears to me, I think it 'was purposely for our Establishment, and but little less injurious to our Properties, than the Twentey Acts themselves.' Happy Phil! if your pick Spirit had not casually led you to come across it, I fear no One besides would have had Penetration enough to have unveiled the Legiflator's Cheat. Give me the Leave, however, to represent a Discourse which, in what appears to me, you have made from this diabolical Act, and which Nothing but your Modesty could have hindered you from enlarging upon, with all those Graces of Composition with which your Writing abounds; and that is, that the Government of this Country is entirely absolute. Excluded Virginian! boast no more of Freedom as the Birthright of Mankind, and the Inheritance of your Country. Unwittingly do ye foster in your Bosom a Serpent, which hath given to your Liberties the deadliest Wound. In your Assembly is a Legislator who can prevent all your Burgees from creating the Clergy; or, in other Words, can do with them just as he pleases. Your Supposition, dread Sir, supports this Discovery, which, as it required no Conjecture to draw it out of Darkness, will free me, I trust, both from the Charge of Divination and the Censure of that Maxim, 'The Children of this World are wiser in their Generation than the Children of Light.'"
How you, Sir, will free yourself from either I know not; for by what other Means than Divination could you imagine it would ever rain throughout the Colony for above three Months together? Could you not, by the same Means, foresee in October the Price of Tobacco in the following July? Your Presentment of Rain, I fear, will make it appear that "the Stars, in their Courses, fight against" the Clergy; and, therefore, that the Legislator is maintaining the Cause of Heaven. If so, his Act may be more favourable than you have conjectured; for will not three Months successive Rain in the Summer effectually destroy all the Product of the Country, and enable the Clergy to demand what Compensation they please? As to the Commissary, the Charge brought against him is grievous indeed! You have proved him a very Judas to that Religion he is bound to protect. If Crimes be proportioned to the Dignity of Offenders, Nothing can equal the Defect of his Guilt. His Negative, you assure me, is equivalent to the Governor's; who, by Implication, you affirm, was a good natured Fool, unaware of the Snare into which he had run. To the Commissary you advise Let the Clergy be convened. The Commissary may cite them, as Glendover could Spirits from the vasty Deep. Why, so can I, or so can any Man; But, will they come when he doth call for them?
Advertisements.
FAUQUIER, February 8, 1771. AS the late Bill for regulating the Militia did not pass into a Law, I have taken this Method to notify to the County Lieutenants within the Frontier District that I shall attend their GENERAL MUSTERS agreeable to my former Appointments, viz. FREDERICK, on the - - - - - 15 HAMPSHIRE, - - - - - 19 AUGUSTA, - - - - - 24 ALBEMARLE, - - - - - 27 BUCKINGHAM, - - - - - 30 AMHERST, on the - - - - - 3 BEDFORD, - - - - - 7 BOTETOURT, - - - - - 11 PITTSYLVANIA, - - - - - 15 HALIFAX, - - - - - 18 CHARLOTTE, - - - - - 21 MECKLENBURG, - - - - - 25 LUNENBURG, - - - - - 28 But should any of these Days happen upon a Sunday, then on the Monday following. I flatter myself the Lieutenants respectively will have their Militia in good Order, and accoutred as the Law directs; and should I be prevented from attending any of the Musters by high Waters, or other Accidents, I hope they will be kind enough to lodge their Returns with Mr. Purdie, in the April General Court, which will greatly oblige their obedient humble Servant, THOMAS BULLITT.
CHARLES CITY Prison, February 20, 1771. THIS is to give Notice that I will certainly take the Advantage of the Act of Assembly, and swear out of Prison, on the next Charles City Court Days being the 6th of March WILLIAM COLE.
To Archibald Carr, George Washington, Fielding Lewis, and Gabriel Jones, Esquires. GENTLEMEN, WE are situated so in respect to a Distance from each other that I am obliged to take this Method to notify to you that I no longer consider the Articles entered into relative to improving the Hot Springs, in Augusta County, as binding upon me. Give me Leave to say, when the Articles were executed, I expected you would immediately proceed, as well to burn and improve upon my Lands adjoining to the springs, as to advance all the Charges attending the same. Your failing to do so are my Reasons for taking the Measures I now do. Any Money either of you have advanced will be repaid at the next General Court, by Mr. Carr, Merchant in Richmond. I am, Gentlemen, FAUQUIER, Feb. 8, 1771. Your most obedient humble Servant, THOMAS BULLITT.
SURRY, February 14, 1771. THE Commanding Officers of the Southern District are requested to appoint the GENERAL MUSTERS upon the following Days, when they will be waited upon by Their most obedient Servant COLIN CAMPBELL, Adjutant.   SURRY, - - - - - Friday - - - - - 18 MARCH.  PRINCE GEORGE, - - - - - Monday - - - - - 18  CHESTERFIELD, - - - - - Tuesday - - - - - 19  CUMBERLAND, - - - - - Wednesday - - - - - 20  PRINCE EDWARD, - - - - - Friday - - - - - 22  AMELIA, - - - - - Tuesday - - - - - 26  BRUNSWICK, - - - - - Wednesday - - - - - 20 APRIL.  INVERNESS, - - - - - Friday - - - - - 5  SOUTHAMPTON, - - - - - Monday - - - - - 8  ISLE OF WIGHT, - - - - - Wednesday - - - - - 10  NANSEMOND, - - - - - Monday - - - - - 15  NORFOLK County, - - - - - Monday - - - - - 22  Town, - - - - - Wednesday - - - - - 24  PRINCESS ANNE. - - - - - Friday - - - - - 26 
WANTED. Four Negro Fellows. Ready Money will be given. Inquire of Captain William Fleet, in King and Queen County.
LANDED from on Board the Friendship, Captain Lilly, a BOX marked MP in a Piece, No. 1, which contains five Yards of superfine Broadcloth, and Trimmings; two Pieces of Irish Linen, one Pair of Blankets, and several small Paper Parcels, some of which contain Spices, &c. As I imagine they were landed through a Mistake, the Owner may have them, on paying Charges, by applying to SEYMOUR POWELL.
IMPORTED in the Chatham Frigate, and to be SOLD at the Subscriber's Shop in Blandford, A VARIETY of DRUGS and MEDICINES; also Crucibles, Bluepots, some very large, Gallipots, Vials, Sugar Candy, Figs, Balsam of Honey, Squire's Elixir, Tarlington's Balm, Fesler's Drops, Anderson's Pills, Bateman's Drops, British Oil, Hungary Water, James's Powders, Lockyer's Pills, Court Plaster, Sago, Salop, Vernacelli, Verdigris, Fish Brutes, Wash Balls, Syringes, Lint, Tow, Goldleaf, Nipple Glasses, &c. &c. WILLIAM STARK.
To be SOLD to the highest Bidders, on the third Thursday in March, at King William Courthouse, being Court Days, ELEVEN Hundred and twenty five Acres of exceeding fine well timbered LAND lying in Prince George County, on the main Road from the Courthouse to West Point, being the Land whereon Colonel Bernard Moore formerly lived. In the last Advertisement of this Land it was, by Mistake, said to be subject to Mrs. Moore's Dower; but Mrs. Moore has already been satisfied for her Dower, by the late Speaker's Administrators, so that the Subscribers can now undertake to convey the Land discharged from all Encumbrances. At the same Time and Place will be sold several SLAVES, which could not be carried to the Sale at Richmond. Twelve Months Credit will be allowed, the Purchasers giving Bond, with Security, to CARTER BRAXTON, GEORGE WEBB, THOMAS WALKER, THOMAS JEFFERSON, JACK POWER, } Trustees.
To be SOLD to the highest Bidders, on the second Wednesday in March, being the Day before Caroline Court, at Colonel Bernard Moore's Plantation in Caroline, THE Stocks of CATTLE, HOGS, CORN, and FODDER. Twelve Months Credit will be allowed, the Purchasers giving Bond, with Security, to Colonel Moore's Trustees. Mr. Samuel Redd will attend the Sale, in Behalf of the Trustees.
Also, on the second Tuesday in March, being Caroline Court Day, at Caroline Courthouse, will be sold, to the highest Bidder, three Hundred and seventy Acres of well timbered LAND, with a good Dwellinghouse, and all convenient Outhouses, a good Garden, and an Orchard. Those inclined to purchase the Land may be shown the same by Mr. Samuel Redd, who lives in the Neighbourhood of it. Twelve Months Credit will be allowed, the Purchasers giving Bond and Security to CARTER BRAXTON, GEORGE WEBB, THOMAS WALKER, THOMAS JEFFERSON, JACK POWER, } Trustees.
To be SOLD at SMITHFIELD, on Monday the 4th of March, if fair, otherwise next fair Day, ALL the personal Estate of Charles Driver, deceased, consisting of two Sloops, one of them on the Stocks, which, when finished, will carry two Thousand Bushels of Corn; the other is well found, and will carry two Thousand five Hundred Bushels of Corn. Also a large Quantity of Pease, Corn, Salt, Rum, Sugar, and Molasses; Stocks of Cattle, Sheep, Hogs, and Horses; Household and Kitchen Furniture, and a Variety of other Articles too tedious to mention. Bond, with good Security, will be required for all Sums above twenty Shillings; and Credit will be allowed until the 10th of October next. ANNE DRIVER, JOHN DRIVER, } Administrators. N. B. All those who are indebted to the above Estate are required to make speedy Payments, and those who have any Demands against it to make them known on the Day of Sale.
WILLIAMSBURG, February 21, 1771. RUN away from Williamsburg, on the 15th of December last, a Negro Man named PETER, about thirty Years old, five Feet four or five Inches high, of a yellowish Complexion, is an artful smooth talkative Fellow, can read and write, and may probably have a forged Pass. He has been seen at the Plantation of the late Colonel Robinson, in King and Queen County, where he has several Relations. Whoever apprehends the said Slave, or to me in Williamsburg, shall Mr. David Lewis in New Kent County, or to me in Williamsburg, shall have a Reward of FIVE POUNDS. Masters of Vessels, and others, are hereby forewarned from carrying the said Slave out of the Country. He is outlawed. JOHN LEWIS.
TAKEN up, in King William, a freckled coloured roan HORSE about four Feet seven Inches high, appears to be about thirteen or fourteen Years old, has a Switch Tail, Half his Mane cut off, in a Kind of a Roach, and the other Half a long Bob, some Saddle Spots, appears to reach naturally, and branded on the near Buttock H. Potted, and appraised to five Pounds. HENRY CLARK.
Forehead, her left hand not white, and at the end of the fore Foot white. She is branded on the near Shoulder and Buttock by a paces fast. Potted, and appraised to ten Pounds. PETER JONES, Senior. GENERAL POST OFFICE, NEW YORK, January 22, 1771. HIS Majesty's Postmaster General having (for the better facilitating of Correspondence between Great Britain and America) been pleased to add a fifth Packet Boat to the Station between Falmouth and New York, Notice is hereby given that the Mail, for the future, will be closed, at the Post Office in New York, at twelve of the Clock at Night, on the first Tuesday in every Month, and despatched by a Packet, the next Day, for Falmouth. By Command of the Deputy Postmaster General. ALEXANDER COLDEN, Secretary.
YORK Town, February 11, 1771. THOSE indebted to the Store kept by Smith and Jameson are desired to take Notice that the Partnership expires the first Day of April next, and that no Indulgence can be given after that Time. LAWRENCE SMITH.
THE Subscriber, living in Brunswick, near Hick's Ford, having Half a Dozen Pair of SAWERS, would be glad to undertake, from the Stump, or otherwise, any considerable Job of sawing, within sixty or seventy Miles of Home, upon reasonable Terms. Any Person in Want may have a Pair, or the Whole of them, by applying to BENJAMIN CHAPMAN.
AS I intend to decline Trade entirely, I will sell my Stores, &c. at West Point, or rent them for a Term of Years. They are as well situated for the West India Trade as any Place in the Colony, and there are all other convenient Outhouses upon the Lots. The Terms may be known by applying to the Subscriber, in King William. JOHN G. FRAZER. N. B. The Storehouse, Granary, and Stable, are entirely new.
WEST POINT, February 10, 1771. ANY Gentlemen that want to go to Paterson to London may have a good Opportunity of going in the Ship Middlesex, at West Point, a very fine large commodious Vessel, and will be ready to sail in March. Any Gentleman, or Lady, that may suit, is desired to agree for their Passage by the last of this Month. HENRY CLARK, Commander.
ESSEX, February 26, 1771. ALL Persons who have any Demands against the Estate of Robert Sp. Coleman, deceased, are desired to make them known to me immediately, that I may know what of his Debts remain unpaid. ANDREW CRAWFORD, Executor.
To be SOLD at publick Sale, on Thursday the 28th Instant, THE Ship NEPTUNE, as she now lies at Norfolk, with her Tackle and Appurtenances; an Inventory of which may be seen from the Subscriber. She is about four Hundred Hogheads Burthen, well found, and most of her Sails new. One Half of the Purchase Money to be paid on or before the 10th of June next, and the other Half on or before the 25th of October next, the Purchaser giving Bond, with Security, if required. ARCHIBALD WHITE.
To be SOLD, THE Plantation well known by the Name of Poer Marsh, in New Kent County, four Miles below the Brickhouse Ferry, beautifully situated upon York River, commanding a large and extensive Prospect of the River and adjacent Country. The Land is good for Corn, Wheat, and Tobacco, is well timbered, and has a fine stem Marsh enclosed with a good Fence, containing three Hundred Acres, which will maintain two Hundred Head of Cattle, without icing, in Winter. There are good Buildings on the Premises, a very good Garden, Apple and Peach Orchards, a good Tide Mill on a Creek near the House; every Thing in good Order for Crops and a very pleasant Seat of Fish, Oysters, and Wild-fowl. Whoever inclines to purchase the above will be shown the same, and may know the Terms by applying to the Subscriber, on the Premises. JOHN TOWNES.
GEORGE III. by the Grace of God of Great Britain, France, and Ireland, King, Defender of the Faith, &c. to the Sheriff of Albemarle County, greeting: We command you that you summon Anne Manley to appear before our Justices of our General Court, in Chancery, at the Capitol, in Williamsburg, on the first Day of the next Court, to answer a Bill in Chancery exhibited against her by Samuel Gay; and this she shall in no Wise omit, under the Penalty of one Hundred Pounds; and have then there this Writ. Witness William Nelson, Esquire, President of our Council, at Williamsburg, the fifth Day of November, in the eleventh Year of our Reign. FEN: WALLER.
NORFOLK, January 31, 1771. STOLEN from the Ship Morris, William Long Master, lying at Portsmouth, on the Night of the 29th Instant, a Philadelphia built YAUL, and three Oars. She has a red Streak, and a blue Streak, on each Side, with yellow Mouldings, and has lost her lower Rudder Iron. Whoever will bring the said Yaule to the Subscriber shall have TWENTY SHILLINGS Reward, and on Conviction of the Thief a farther Reward of THIRTY SHILLINGS. INGLIS & LONG.
STRAYED, or STOLEN, from the Raleigh Tavern Door, on the Evening of the 28th of December last, a bright bay HORSE, somewhat above fourteen Hands high, of a slender Make, with a thin hanging Mane, his Tail cut, but not trimmed, and is thin also; he has a few scattered white Hairs in his Forehead and down his Nose, and a remarkable Wart on the hindmost Part of his near Buttock, but has no Brand. He trots hard, paces slow, and canters and gallops well. He had on a Hogskin Saddle, and a double reined Bridle. Whoever brings the said Horse to Messrs. Purdie and Dixon shall have FORTY SHILLINGS Reward, if strayed; if stolen, FIVE POUNDS on Conviction of the Thief.
TAKEN up, in Goochland, a small bay MARE about four Feet three Inches high, with a hanging Mane and Switch Tail, and branded on the near Buttock P. Potted, and appraised to three Pounds. WILLIAM PRICE.
Pursuant to the last Will and Testament of Mr. Anthony Hay, deceased, will be SOLD, on TUESDAY the 7th of MAY, before the Raleigh Door, in Williamsburg, NINETEEN NEGROES belonging to his Estate, among them a very good Cabinet Maker, a good Coachman and Carter, some fine Waiting Boys, good Cooks, Washers, &c. Six Months Credit will be allowed, the Purchasers giving Bond and Security to WILLIAM TREBELL, ROBERT NICOLSON, } Executors.
N. B. All Persons who have Demands against Mr. Hay's Estate are requested to make them speedily known, that Provision may be made for discharging them; and those indebted thereto are desired to make immediate Payment. It is hoped none of the Creditors will put the Estate to any unnecessary Charge, by Suits, when we assure them the best Means will be used to pay the Debts with all Speed, and when it is considered that Mr. Hay has left a large Family, whose tender Years entitle them to some Indulgence.
PETERSBURG, January 29, 1771. AS I intend for Great Britain soon, I earnestly request all Persons indebted to me to come immediately and settle their Accounts, by paying them off, or giving Bond. Such Accounts are not settled before I go will be proved, and left in the Hands of Mr. Rich and Taylor (whom I have appointed my Attorneys) with Interest to bring Suits on the same, without Distinction. I have a complete Assortment of MEDICINES, UTENSILS for an Apothecary's Shop, and a Set of CHIRURGICAL INSTRUMENTS, which I will sell on very reasonable Terms. JAMES FEILD.

POETS CORNER.
ODE TO THE ATHEIST.
EXPATiate long in nice Debate, On Chance, Necessity, and Fate, With learn'd Lueretius stray In Epicurus' magic Grove, Where the self-motion'd Atoms rove, In mazy myriack Play.
Some vain Hypothesis admit, The specious Cobweb Work of Wit, And daringly deny What every Object round avows, What every Act of Reason shows, An all-wise Deity.
The clearest Evidence contest, Divinely stamp'd on every Breast, Since Time was taught to roll, In Error's gloomy Coverts stray, From Truth's indisputable Ray Remote as Pole from Pole.
So shuts the moping Bird of Night Her feeble Eyes against the Light, That glads the che-ful Day, And when prevailing Darkness reigns, Through Groves obscene, or dreary Plains, She wings her dubious Way.
Consult the blue Expansive on high, The Blush that paints the Morning Sky, The Cloud that nimble rides, The Orbs that mark with Lustre bright The spangled Mantle of the Night, Who there supreme resides?
Question the gaudy Flowers around, That scent the Air, or paint the Ground, Whose Influence they obey, Whose Hand imparts the various Dies, At whose Command they bud and rise, At whose Command decay?
Say ye on Down, or Mountain steep, That flatly tread, or lowly creep, And ye aerial Throng, That cheer the Woodland Scene and Fields With vocal Strains, whose Bounty yields, Or Sustenance or Song?
Who, in the Ocean's waste Domain, The Tenants of the watery Plain With liberal Hand supplies? The Floods in icy Fetters binds, Smoothes the rough Surge, and lulls the Winds, Or bids the Tempest rise?
Nature in every myriack Scene Declares a plastic Author's Reign; Above the Morning's Wings, Beyond the Seas remotest Tides, Beneath the deedal Earth resides Th' almighty King of Kings.
RICHMOND, February 6, 1771.
I INTEND to leave this Place by the first of April next, and to settle in Williamsburg; where I shall open a Shop on the main Street, near the Capitol, to clean and repair CLOCKS and WATCHES, and to make and sell all Sorts of GOLD and SILVER WORK, at the most reasonable Rates. Those who please to employ me may depend on their Work being done well, and expeditiously. JAMES GALT.
WILLIAMSBURG, February 6, 1771.
FOUND a few Days ago, at Colonel Burwell's Ferry, on James River, a GOLD WATCH with a Shagreen Case, which seems to have lain there a considerable Time, as the Shagreen is quite rotten. The Owner describing the Watch, and proving his Property, may have it again by giving a Reward to the Finder, and paying the Charge of this Advertisement. Inquire at the Post Office, or of ROBERT NICOLSON.
PRINCE GEORGE, February 2, 1771.
FOUND by the Subscriber, on the 28th of last Month, in a Fodder Stack, in this County, belonging to Major John Minge of Charles City, ten Casks of TOBACCO, each containing, to the best of his Judgment, between one Hundred and one Hundred and twenty five Pounds; also a Parcel, or loose Bulk, containing about five Hundred Pounds. The Owner, on proving his Property, and paying the Penalty the Law directs, may have it by applying to THOMAS CLIFTON.
For SALE,
A LOT of LAND, in Suffolk Town, opposite the Courthouse, with a good Dwellinghouse, Storehouse, and all convenient Outhouses proper for a Merchant, in good Repair, and at present occupied by Mr. Gardner Fleming. Also a Lot of LAND near the River, with about three Acres of Marsh, through which a Creek is cut to the River, and a Cause- way on the Side of the Creek, with a good Wharf to the best Water; a Pitch Kettle on the said Lot, set very conveniently, and a Tar House that will contain two Thousand Barrels of naval Stores. For Terms inquire of NATHANIEL FLEMYNG. N. B. I intend to leave the Colony in the Spring.
IT is hoped, and expected, that all those who still continue in Arrear to the late Governor's Estate will settle their Accounts with the Treasurer some Time in the succeeding April General Court at farthest, that the Gentlemen appointed to manage his Lordship's Affairs in this Country may be enabled to close their Accounts, and remit whatever Balance remains to his Lordship's Executor.
Twenty five Pounds Reward.
RUN away from the Subscriber, in Cumberland County, Virginia, the first of June last, a Virginia born Negro Man Slave named WILL, near six Feet high, thirty five Years old, and well made; his Face is often full of Bumps. He was seen with a forged Pass, signed by Charles Clark, at John Bibb's, on Roanoke River, near Jefferson's Ferry, and passed for a Freeman, by the Name of Austin Cousins. He endeavoured to get another Pass, to go into Carolina; which if he did it is probable he may have changed his Name, as he is an artful Fellow. Whoever apprehends the said Slave, and brings him to me, shall have the above Reward; or if secured in any Jail, and advertised in the VIRGINIA GAZETTE, TEN POUNDS Reward. As he is outlawed, I will give TEN POUNDS for his Head, or for a proper Certificate to entitle me to be allowed for him by the Country.
ANTHONY MARTIN.
N. B. GEORGE KELLY, an Irishman, about six Feet high, stout made, who talks big and loud, and is of a mean Character, had some Dealings with the above Slave before he ran away, and I have Reason to think harboured him some Time after. The said Kelly, with his Wife and one Child, ran away in August, and crossed Roanoke River, at Jefferson's Ferry. It is probable the Slave had some Place appointed to meet him in Carolina; and if they are together, I have no Doubt will endeavour to make him pass for a Freeman.
RUN away from the Subscriber, on the 22d of December, a Mulatto Man Slave named WILL, about five Feet eight Inches high, six and twenty Years of Age, an active strong well made Fellow. He has broke open my Store, and stolen many Things, viz. Shag, Broadcloth, Linen, Hats, and Checks. I expect he will endeav- our to pass for a Freeman, in Order to make his Escape by Water. Who- ever brings the said Slave to me, if taken fifty Miles from Home, shall re- ceive TEN POUNDS Reward; if farther, or nearer, in Proportion to the Distance; and, as he is outlawed, I will give TEN POUNDS Reward for his Head, if separated from his Body. He has been much whipped for the Crime he committed, and expects to be hanged if taken; therefore he must be well secured. HENRY BATTE.
RUN away from the Subscriber, on Saturday the 26th of January, an indentured Servant Man named WILLIAM READ. He is a well set Fellow, about five Feet ten Inches high, and speaks the West Country Dialect pretty broad; had on, and took with him, a dark coloured Duffel short Frock Coat, a Pair of blue Plains Breeches with a spotted Cotton Waistband, a Pair of Yarn Stockings, Check Shirt, and Virginia made Shoes. He is a Farmer, and understands Something of making and laying Bricks. Whoever delivers the said Ser- vant to me at West Point, in King William County, or secures him so that I may get him again, shall have FORTY SHILLINGS Reward. JOHN WEST.
CABIN POINT, February 1, 1771. I INTEND for Great Britain soon. ROBERT CAMPBELL.
NORFOLK, January 25, 1771. A SMALL CARGO OF LISBON SALT TO BE SOLD BY INGLIS & LONG.
Wanted on CHARTER, to load Tar and Turpentine in NORTH CAROLINA,
A VESSEL of about fifteen Hundred Barrels Burthen. For Terms apply to James Marsden in Norfolk, or the Subscribers at Richmond; who have for Sale a Quantity of good SEINE TWINE. STORRS & ELLIS.
To be SOLD at the Plantation where Mr. Robert Alcock lives, in the County of Culpeper, on the last Day of February,
TWELVE Thousand Acres of Land, lying in the Fork of Rappiden and Robinson's River, in the said County. Credit will be given until the 25th of October following, the Purchasers giving Bond and Security to the Executors of the Honourable Philip Grymes, Esquire, and a Discount allowed, at the Rate of five per Cent. per Annum, for prompt Payment. The Land will be sold in Parcels, and Mr. Alcock has Directions to show it to any Person who is desirous of seeing it before the Day of Sale. CHARLES GRYMES. BENJAMIN GRYMES, Junior.
To be LET on CHARTER, for any Port in Britain, or to any Port to the Eastward,
THE new Ship MORANT BAY, James Craig Master, which will be ready to take in her Load by the first of February next. Any Person inclineable to charter may know the Terms by applying to said Master, or of the Subscribers. She has excellent Accommodations for Passengers. LOGAN, GILMOUR, & Co. NORFOLK, December 25, 1770.
RUN away from the Subscriber, at the Falls of James River, the Middle of last Month, a Negro Man named DAVY, belonging to the Hon. William Byrd, Esquire, about thirty Years old, five Feet eight Inches high, and very stout made; he is of a yellow Complexion, has a down Look, and a Defect in some of his fore Teeth. He is supposed to be lurking about Hanover Town, Petersburg, or gone towards Carolina. Whoever will apprehend the said Fellow, and bring him to me, shall have FORTY SHILLINGS Reward; and if taken out of the Colony, FIVE POUNDS. Tf DAVID PATTESON.
A CATALOGUE of BOOKS, &c. to be Sold at the POST OFFICE in Williamsburg.
 ANSON's Voyages.  Afric on Venereal Diseases.  Armstrong on the Diseases of Children.  Adventures of Robinson Crusoe.  Alleine's Alarm to Unconverted Sinners.  Atkinson's Epitome.  British Zoology.  Butler's Remains.  Birch's Life of Henry Prince of Wales.  Baxter's Saints Everlasting Rest.  Bennet's Christian Oratory.  Buchanan's Dictionary.  Brown's Sunday Thoughts.  Beveridge's Thoughts.  Brooke's Introduction to the Practice of Physick.  British Plutarch.  Baron Bieldfield's Letters.  Bartlett's Farriery.  Barclay's Apology.  Biographical Dictionary.  Boston's Fourfold State.  Baxter's Call to the Unconverted.  Bailey's Dictionary.  Bunyan's Holy War.  Complete Letter Writer.  Chandler's Life of King David.  Campbell's Present State of Europe.  Crevier's Roman History.  Chefelden's Anatomy.  Churchill's Poems.  The Connoisseur.  The Complete Gamester.  Chambers's Geography.  Commentaries of Marcus Antoninus.  Calistus, or the Man of Fashion.  Castle of Otranto.  Cambridge on Charity.  Crofton's Navigation.  Cocker's Arithmetick.  Dictionarium Ruscicum.  Drelincurt on Death.  Dryden's Fables.  Works.  Dufresnoy's Chronological Tables.  Du Freval on Charity.  Duke of Wharton's True Briton.  Dinsdale's Socrates.  Ditton on the Resurrection.  Derham's Astro-Theology.  Don Quixote.  Doddridge's Pleasing Instructor.  Doddridge on Religion.  on the New Testament.  Dilworth's Arithmetick.  Emerson's Mechanics.  Fluxions.  Erkine's Sermons.  Edinburgh Dispensatory.  England's Gazetteer.  Edinburgh Medical Essays.  Epistolary Correspondence, being the third Volume of Letters on Theron and Aspasio.  Farmer's Guide.  Fox on the New Testament.  Fordyce's Art of Preaching.  Fenning's Arithmetick.  Book of Knowledge.  Female Spectator.  Fielding's Works.  Ferguson's Astronomy.  Lectures.  Tables and Tracts.  Family Companion for Health.  Farrier's Dictionary.  Grand Tour.  Goldsmith's Roman History.  Guthrie's Epistles to Atticus.  Gerard on Taste.  Gordon's Geographical Grammar.  Gentleman's Dictionary.  German Spy.  Gay's Fables.  Gould on Ants.  History of Cape Breton.  of California.  of Greenland.  of Lewis XI.  of the Germans.  of Kuli Khan.  of Classick Authors.  of Miss Pittborough.  of Persia.  of the Civil Wars in Ireland.  of the Spanish Settlements in America.  Hume's History of England. 
 Harris's Life of Cremwell.  Hunter's Observations on Tacitus.  Hurd's Dialogues.  Harris on the Globes.  on the Diseases of Infants.  Howell's History of the Bible.  Howell's Letters.  Heilman's Lectures.  Heister's Surgery.  Huxham on Fevers.  Hutchefon's System of Moral Philosophy.  Historical Companion.  Hogarth Moralized.  Hogarth's Analysis of Beauty.  Hervey's Meditations.  Letters.  Hughes's Poems.  Impartial Inquiry into Faith.  James's Dispensatory.  James on Gardening.  James's Exposition of the Pentateuch.  Joseph Andrews.  Kettlewell's Companion for the Penitent.  Kenrick's Epistles, Philosophical & Moral.  Love's Surveying.  Ledran's Observations.  Operations.  London Medical Observations.  on the Scurvy.  on Diseases in Hot Climates.  Life of Charles XII.  of Duke of Marlborough.  Lord President Forbes's Works.  Langhorne's Letters.  Consolations.  Solyman and Almena.  Letters on Physiognomy.  Lives of the Spanish Painters.  Lewis's Church Catechism.  Maxwell's Husbandry.  Miller's Gardener's Calendar.  Models of Conversation.  Montesquieu's Spirit of Laws.  M'Laurin's Algebra.  Melmoth's Translation of Cicero's Letters.  Monro on Diseases.  Mihles's Surgery.  Mackenzie on Health.  M'Bride's Essay's.  Martin's Philosophical Grammar.  Memoirs of Ladies of Great Britain.  Milton's Works.  Morgan's Physico-Theology.  Marquis D'Alembert's Philosophical Dissertations.  Mariner's Compass Rectified.  New Calendar.  Mair's Arithmetick.  Introduction.  Messiah.  Noah.  New Whole Duty of Man.  Practice of Piety.  Week's Preparation.  Newgent's Account of Italy.  Nelson's Festivals.  Naval History of Great Britain.  The 5th, 6th, and 7th Volumes of Yorick's Sermons.  Dr. Swift's Posthumous Works, in three Volumes.  The 33d, 34th, and 35th Volumes of Voltaire's Works. 
SCHOOL BOOKS.
 Ainsworth's Dictionary.  Gradus ad Parnassum.  Catullo's Latin Bible.  Dialogues.  Mair's Tyro's Dictionary.  Lilly's Grammar.  Ward's Grammar.  Christie's Grammar.  Ruddiman's Grammar.  Rudiments.  Clarke's Introduction.  Grammar.  Cordery.  Aesop.  Eutropius.  Florus.  Erasmus.  Ovid's Metamorphoses.  Duncan's Cæsar.  Cicero's Oration.  Davidson's Virgil.  Horace.  Hutchinson's Xenophon.  Profocia Construed.  Sterling's Ovid.  Perseus.  Florus.  Phædrus.  Maittaire's Honer.  Virgil.  Horace.  Ovid.  Salust.  Justin.  Cicero's Oration, Juvenal, and Florus.  Pearce's Longinus.  Trapp's Præcitiones.  Martial's Epigrams.  Latin Common Prayer Book.  Greek Testament.  Sententiae.  London Vocabulary.  Instructions for the Flute. Reading Glasses, for different Ages. Best Penknives. Pewter Ink Chests and Stands. Edinburgh Inkpots. Message Cards, plain, gilt, and mourning. Broad and narrow red Tape. Ivory Memorandum Books. Ivory Folders. Best Wafers. Dutch Sealing Wax. Slates and Pencils. Sand Boxes. Black and Red Lead Pencils. Ink Powder. Gold Leaf. Best Dutch Quills and Pens. Hudson Bay Quills. Playing Cards. Blank Books, and Alphabets, of all Sorts and Sizes. Paper, of all Sorts and Sizes. Parchment, and every other Kind of STATIONARY.
Also the following MEDICINES, from Dr. Bateman's original wholesale warehouse in London.
 Dr. Bateman's Pectoral Drops.  Dr. Hooper's Female Pills.  Dr. Fraunces's Female Strengthening Elixir.  Swinfen's Elecuary for the Stone and Gravel.  Betton's True and Genuine British Oil.  Dr. Stroughton's Great Stomachick Elixir.  The true Daffy's Elixir.  Dr. Radcliffe's Famous Purging Elixir.  Squire's Grand Elixir.  Pike's Patent Ointment for the Itch and all Cutaneous Eruptions.  Madden's Sovereign Oil for Bruises and Strains.  Turlington's Original Balsam of Life. 
We have a few of the late REVIVAL of the LAWS, neatly bound, more than what were printed for the Use of the Country, to dispose of. Also MERCHANTS, COUNTY COURT, and a Variety of other useful BLANKS.