The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1809-07-14 00:00:00

The Enquirer.
VOL. 6.]
RICHMOND, FRIDAY, JULY 14, 1809.
[No. 19.]
PUBLISHED BY THOMAS RITCHIE, OPPOSITE THE GLOBE TAVERN, AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE.
FOR SALE OR RENT —That valuable property adjoining the city of Richmond, called the COLUMBIAN MILLS . Mr. Samuel Leach, living on the premises, will show the property to any person inclined to rent or purchase. The terms will be made known by application to the Subscriber residing in Norfolk. JOHN GRANBERY. July 11.
STATE OF TENNESSEE, Washington district, March term, 1809.  Granbery & Hancock, Comp. vs. David Ross, Def.
THE complainants having filed their bill in this court, and therein stated that both the complainants and the defendant are citizens and inhabitants of the state of Virginia, that the said complainants have recovered in said state of Virginia, against said defendant, two several judgments, the one for the sum of four thousand six hundred and twenty five dollars, with interest thereon from the first day of July 1807 until paid, besides the cost of suit. The other for the sum of five thousand six hundred and thirty dollars and three cents with interest thereon from the first day of April 1807, until paid besides the cost of suit; that those judgments were recovered upon contracts made in the said state of Virginia, and that upon each of those judgments a writ of Fieri Facias had issued & been returned, that there was no property of the defendant found, out of which to satisfy said judgments, and praying that the property of said defendant, which lies in the state of Tennessee, may be made liable to the payment of said debts. It is therefore ordered by said court, that the said David Ross appear here at a court of Equity to be holden for this district at the court house in Jonesborough on the first Monday of September next, and answer the bill of the said complainants, otherwise the same will be taken pro Confesso. It is also further ordered by said court, that a copy of this order be twice published in some newspaper printed in the city of Richmond in the state of Virginia. JAMES V. ANDERSON, C. M. E. July 11.
A NELEGANT ESTABLISHMENT FOR SALE —The House and Tenement where the subscriber lately resided. This tenement justly ranks amongst the first in this place, combining elegance, convenience, contiguity to the Capitol, and in the centre of a most agreeable neighborhood. For terms apply to Mr. Wm. Long who is fully authorised to contract for the same. J. PENN. June 23.
FOR RENT —The two following tracts of LAND, lying on James river, in the county of Powhatan. That large estate called PELL MEAD , at present occupied by Mr. James Tucker. The plantation immediately below it, now in the occupancy of Mr. David Mead. Also, the Tract of Land, called the Old Court-house Tract, in the county of Powhatan, lying on Deep Creek, and now occupied by Mr. William Witham. These Lands, will, without reserve, be rented to the highest bidder, at Powhatan Courthouse, on the 19th of July next, (being the first day of the court) unless before privately rented—Apply to JAMES C. TATER, Goochland, REEL MCCOULL, Richmond, or JOHN S. JOHN, Williamsburg, July 4.
WILL BE SOLD On the 31st day of July next, at the dwelling house of the late Joseph Prentis, in the City of Williamsburg, the personal estate of the decedent. The sale will be continued from day to day until the whole or the greater part of the personal estate is sold. There will be some valuable household and kitchen furniture, and plate for sale. And it is probable several house servants will also be offered for sale. There are several Milch Cows, two Horses, and a neat single Phaeton and Harness quite new. The sale will be made on a credit of nine months, to bear interest from the date; and if the payment is punctually made, the interest will be remitted—Bond and approved security will be required from the purchasers before any article which may be sold is delivered. JOSEPH PRENTIS, Ex'or. &c. Williamsburg, July 4.
United States, Virginia district, May 23d 1809. The United States, Libellants , against the sloop Jenny , whereof John Wright is master & commander, Respondent .
THIS day came the attorney for the U. S. & it appearing that the publication directed at the last term, had duly made and proclamation having been made, as the court did direct, that the said vessel be considered as forfeited to the United States unless a claim should be interposed for the same and no claimant appearing, on the motion of the attorney for the United States, it is decreed and ordered, that the said vessel, her rigging, tackle, apparel and furniture be considered as forfeited to the U. S. States, and that the marshal of this court, do sell the same to the highest bidder for ready money after giving 10 days notice in some one of the newspapers published in the city of Richmond, and make return of his proceedings, and bring the proceeds to the next court in order for a final decree. A Copy. Teste, WILLIAM MARSHALL, Clk.
By virtue of the above decree will be sold at Powell's Tavern in the Town of Petersburg, on Saturday the twenty-second day of July, for ready money to the highest bidder at Public auction, the sloop Jenny her rigging, tackle, apparel and furniture as named above. WILLIAM MANN, Deputy M. for JOSEPH SCOTT, M. F. D. July 13.
VIRGINIA, to wit: At a Court of Appeals held at the Capitol in Richmond, the twenty-third day of May, 1809. RULE —Great inconveniences and delays having arisen from motions to alter, and amend the decrees and special entries of this Court, after they have been entered of record, it is expected that in future the Counsel will respectively in all cases where a special decree or entry shall be deemed necessary, prepare notes of such decree or entry as they may think ought to be made on the record, and to be considered as part of their statement and delivered to the Judges, with the record, at the final argument, in each cause. A Copy. Teste, J. BROWN, c. c. wltst.A. June 9.
NOTICE —The subscriber having rented the Amherst Sulphur Springs for the present year, takes this method to inform the public that there have been considerable improvements made there since the last season for the reception of company, and flatters himself, that he will have it in his power to accommodate those persons who may think proper to visit the Springs in a better manner than they have been heretofore at that place. CHARLES L. BARRET. July 7.
SUGAR, COFFEE, &c. &c. —Received per the Schooners Atlantic and Richmond, from New York: Brown Sugar, Stone Ware & Green Coffee, Prime Pork, Earthen Ware, For sale by June 30. GEO: WATT.
PURSUANT to a deed of Trust executed to the Subscribers, by Samuel Parsons and Sarah his wife, for the benefit of William Cooke and Thomas and Amos Ladd, and other creditors of the said Parsons, will be sold, at public Auction, on the respective premises, on Monday the 17th of next month, (July) the following property situate in the city of Richmond, viz.
Nearly three fourths of the half acre of ground, designated in the plan of the said City by lot No. 436, between Thomas Ladd and the Hay-Market square, bounded on the North East, by the street which passes between the Hay-Market square and the public Warehouse. All that part of lot No. 413 on the North East side of the Basin which is bounded by the street running by the Bank and Robert McKim's, to Cary Street, thence by the latter street to the brick House occupied by Mr. James Smith as a Bakery—thence at right angles to the alley between the said lot & Robert McKim's—thence by the said alley to the first mentioned street. This lot is held by a deed which conveys all the interest of Byrd's Trustees and Heirs. But is subject to the appearance of a Ticket. The title papers of both lots will be exhibited at the sale. The grounds will be sold entire, or divided, as may appear convenient.
Ten shares in the Richmond Turnpike Company—also a Coach & pair of horses, together with sundry articles of Household and kitchen furniture and other personal property. Terms of sale will be twelve months credit for the lots, on Notes negotiable and payable at the Bank of Virginia satisfactorily endorsed, & Titles to be withheld as further security until the notes be fully paid; or at the option of the purchasers, one fourth in hand, and deeds of Trust on the property sold to secure the other three fourths. The Turnpike shares and the personal property will be for cash or a short credit, as may be deemed fit on the day. The sale will commence at 12th o'clock on Lot No. 413. E. CARRINGTON, RICHARD ADAMS, GEORGE GREENHOW. June 23.
NOTICE —That on the 17th day of next month, will be sold to the highest bidder, on the premises in this city, (unless privately sold before,) a three story brick house, (unfinished) 20 by 40 feet, together with the ground of the same width, extending back to an alley; situate on Cary's Street, running parallel with the Basin, and opposite to Nicholson and Heath's Coal yard. Terms of sale, $1000 in hand, $1000 in six months, the remaining balance, divided equally in 12 and 18 months, from the first instant. A Deed of Trust, on the said property, and bonds of the purchasers, will be required to secure the three last payments. SAMUEL PARSONS. 6th mo 20, 1809.
HAVING executed a deed of trust to Benjamin Oliver, Jr. William Cunningham, and Samuel Richardson, conveying certain property therein mentioned, to them, for the purpose of making sale thereof, in order to discharge all debts for which I am bound for my father, and my own debts—it is therefore my wish that all such creditors may as soon as possible, make their respective claims known to the above named gentlemen, that they may know how far to carry the sales, which will take place the 1st of August next. JOHN M. SYME. June 9.
VALUABLE PROPERTY FOR SALE.
PURSUANT to a deed of trust executed to us, by John M. Syme, of the County of Hanover, for the purpose of satisfying all debts for which he is bound for his father's & his own debts—we shall, on Tuesday, the first day of August next, if fair, if not, the next fair day, upon the premises, proceed to sell, four hundred and sixty three acres, (by a late survey) of prime and valuable land, adjoining the Town of New Castle, upon Pamunkey River, and the ferry across that river. Also, ELEVEN NEGROES, consisting of MEN, WOMEN, BOYS and GIRLS, all the stock of HORSES, CATTLE, HOGS, SHEEP, and implements of husbandry, &c. conveyed by the said instrument. Such title as we hold as trustees will be made the purchaser or purchasers, and possession of the land given at Christmas with the privilege of seeding wheat this fall. The terms of sale will be one third cash, one third in six months, and the balance in 12 months, from the day of sale. Interest will be expected upon the distant payments. Bonds with approved security will be required of the purchasers of the personal property, and Bonds with deeds of trust upon the land and ferry of the respective purchasers. The land &c. will be shown by Mr. WM. CUNNINGHAM, living in New-Castle, or either of the Mr. SYMES, to any person wishing to view the premises. Creditors will be allowed to purchase, and their claims discounted. According to Mr. John M. Syme's notification above, we or either of us, will receive the amount of any claim, and it is our wish that they be made known prior to the day of sale. There are some previous liens upon this property, or some of it, to secure certain debts, which will be first paid, according to their several dates. Proposals for any part of the above property will be received by either of the trustees prior to the sale. BENJAMIN OLIVER, JR. WM. CUNNINGHAM, SAML. RICHARDSON. New-Castle, June 9.
JOHN & JOSEPH BOYCE, Jr. Stationers and Book-binders —Having opened a store on the main-street opposite to the Globe-Tavern, (where may be had every article in the stationery business.) Respectfully solicit the favors of their friends, and the public, and beg leave to assure them that any work committed to their care shall be faithfully executed and their favors gratefully acknowledged. N. B. An Apprentice wanted. July 4.
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD —Ran away from the Subscriber on the 29th day of June 1809, a light colored Mulatto woman named Laurena, about twenty two years of age, rather inclined to be fat, & somewhat under the common height. She has very bushy hair, and a freckled face, and had sores on both arms, one of which was occasioned by a burn just above her left elbow—there is also a scar on one side of her neck. She was dressed in a white India cotton wrapper when she went away; but it is probable she may change her dress and cut off her hair. It is possible she will endeavor to pass as a free woman, and to get to some of the Northern States. All captains of vessels are forewarned from carrying her out of the state. If she is taken out of this City, reasonable expenses will be paid besides the above reward. ANNA BYRD. July 4.
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD —Ran away, about the 14th of last month, from the subscriber, residing in the city of Richmond, a Mulatto Man named GEORGE, about 23 or 24 years of age. He is, I believe, about 5 feet 9 or 10 inches high, with rather large limbs, and is a little knock-kneed; his complexion is tolerably bright, and his hair is rather more straight than that of mulattoes generally. He has lost the first joint of his middle or fore finger, of one of his hands, which, I think, is the right hand, but the finger is perfectly cured. I do not recollect any other visible mark by which I can describe him. I am informed that he has changed his name, & it is probable that he will, with forged papers, attempt to pass as a free man. All boatmen and masters or skippers of vessels, are particularly cautioned against carrying him away. The above reward will be given to any person who will bring the said slave to me, or apprehend him so that I may recover him. J. ROBINSON. June 13.
EUROPE.
CONTINUATION
Of Extracts from French Papers, received by the Fair American.
PARIS, May 3:
EXTRACT
FROM THE REGISTER OF THE CONSERVATIVE SENATE, OF APRIL 19, 1809.
The Conservative Senate being duly organized, and taking into consideration the communications, that were made to them at the sitting on the 14th of this month by the minister for foreign affairs, according to the orders of his majesty the emperor and king. After having heard the report of a special committee appointed at that sitting: Decree, that an address shall be presented to his majesty, in answer to the said communications to the following effect. "SIRE. The senate is eager to offer to your imperial and royal Majesty, the tribute of its respectful thanks, for the important communications, which you have had the goodness to make to them. "Austria, Sire, marched its army into the territory of one of your allies. During the delirium in which it was enraptured, it commenced the war which it had scarcely dared to declare. "To preparations, so long conducted in mystery and in darkness, suspended by fear or disavowed from perfidy, have succeeded that factious fury, those tumultuous agitations, those violent convulsions, which are the precursors of the fall of thrones. "Perfidy, blindness, feebleness, error and presumption, silenced the voice of wisdom, and gave on the banks of the Inn the signal for battle. "Can they then, Sire, have forgotten how often the fate of Austria was in your victorious hands? "Master of Vienna and of the greater part of the Austrian dominions, you had no idea of retaining the conquest; your magnanimity replaced the crown on the head of the emperor Francis. "He very soon forgot the lessons of experience; the victory of Jena disconcerted the projects of his perfidious counsellors, and the peace of Tilsit restored to their country four hundred thousand Frenchmen, who by a single word from you might have been united in the heart of his states. "When your majesty quitted the walls of Erfurth for the banks of the Tagus, your delivering eagles and invincible legions yet surrounded the Austrian frontiers. The generosity of your majesty did not allow you for a moment to doubt the sincerity of the protestations made by the cabinet of Vienna. "And yet, Sire, Austria, hastening to violate the promise she had given at Erfurth, raised the cry of war, armed against her benefactor, and dragged from their peaceful firesides all classes of her subjects, the unhappy victims of foreign and corrupting gold. She allied herself to the enemy of the continent and received him in the part which she possessed; and did not blush to entice and encourage the rebels of Spain, whom fanaticism had bewildered, and to abuse the jutos by the most fallacious promises—inflaming the minds of the ignorant and credulous multitude, by relations the most ridiculous, and libels the most absurd; she refused the mediation of the great and powerful ally of your majesty; rejected the double guaranty, for the integrity of her territory, offered by France and by Russia; declined to punish the insult offered to one of your consuls, the seizure of some of your Italian subjects, the assassination of two of your majesty's couriers, and the violation of their dispatches; she negotiated and ratified a strict alliance with Turkey and England; and compelled you to suspend your dreaded designs against the author of all the misfortunes of Europe. "And, with what astonishment must posterity learn, that whilst Austria was thus pursuing a conduct so perfidious, your majesty in your relations with her, had made no demand, raised no pretension, had heard no complaint, but that, in proof of a sentiment, so worthy admiration, of dispositions so pacific, and views so magnanimous, you proposed to break up the camps in Silesia, to disarm all the places in that province, and to grant all those other safeguards which the most jealous anticipations could claim; that you have never ceased to exhibit a moderation and patience which could in no other way be accounted for, or justified, but by the immensity of your majesty's power; and that, in a letter to the Emperor Francis, which will ever be memorable, you addressed these remarkable words— "If the proceedings of your majesty evince a confidence, they will inspire it; the best policy in our days is that of sincerity and truth; inform me of your doubts and of the cause of your inquietude, and if I can reach the source of them, they shall be removed directly." "You have desired, Sire, to add to your phalanges, thirty thousand Frenchmen of the conscription of 1810, called out the last year, and which did not equal the number of young Frenchmen required in the years preceding. "Your majesty also desires ten thousand of the conscripts, who for the last four years have been denied the signal and valued honor of surrounding the triumphant car of your majesty, in the midst of that imperial guard, the name of which recalls the remembrance of such noble destinies and of a glory so brilliant. "The senate, Sire, is eager to adopt the project of a senatus-consultum, which shall accomplish those wishes. "Your majesty otherwise asks no contribution from your people, to enable you to go and conquer England in the plains of Austria. "The British government, which only seeks to divert the storm with which it is threatened, has opened a volcano in Austria; they have lighted the flames that are to consume the ally they seduced. "The destiny of Austria is fixed, yet a few days and she will have ceased to be able to gratify the fury of England. "Your majesty, will then have established, on an immovable basis, that continental peace, which will enable you to accomplish the constant objects of your wishes, and of your sublime conceptions, a maritime peace, and the freedom and safety of the commerce of Europe. "Accept, Sire, the vows of the French people for your sacred person, the expression of their admiration and love, and the confidence and homage, and fidelity of the senate, as well as its respect for your imperial and royal majesty. (Signed) "CAMBACERES, Prince, arch-chancellor of the empire, President. "SEMONVILLE,  "Gen. BEURNONVILLE,  "Seen and sealed, signed LAPLACE, chancellor of the senate."
COPENHAGEN, April 27. The new government of Sweden conducts itself with the greatest prudence and precaution, and whilst it concludes a peace with all the powers with whom it was lately at war, takes care to avoid hostilities with England. The dowager queen has obtained permission to visit the king her son, who is said to be much more tranquil now, than he was at first. There has been no other change in the ministry than the nomination of baron Stedingk, to the ministry of foreign affairs; that gentleman was minister to Russia for above five years, and has a high reputation for knowledge and talents. This appointment is considered favorable to Russia and France, for it is certain no other person could have been selected for so important a station, so much to the satisfaction of the emperor Alexander. It is said that an expedition has sailed from England for Archangel, to destroy several vessels of war that are on the stocks in that port.
April 22. The continental war having broken out, and the English being engaged in equipping expeditions, his majesty has ordered the formation of two camps; one near Schleswig, the other near Genkpaids in Holstein, to cover the coasts of our country and secure it from invasion. The fortress of Genkpaids also is placed in the best state of defence. The number of English vessels encreases in our seas. There are already 14 vessels of war near Gotterburg.
CASSEL, (Westphalia) April 25. Her majesty the queen, after many pressing invitations from her majesty the empress queen, has departed to join her at Strasburgh. Our official journal of this day contains the following article:—Some of the inhabitants of the country surrounding Cassel, were invited to treason by persons sold to the enemies of their country. Those agents, without honor and without resources, are already abandoned by nearly all the peasants, who had left their homes at the moment when the state of the farms demanded their presence. His majesty (king Jerome) having invited the officers of the royal guard to an audience addressed them in these words: "I am told there is room for suspecting the fidelity of some amongst us; I am acquainted with the heart of a soldier, I do not know that of a traitor; yet a man upon whom I had heaped benefits, has basely betrayed me. I have spent my life in camps; I have seen soldiers, but I have never seen traitors amongst them. If there are any of you who repent of the oath of fidelity, which you have taken, I absolve you from the vow. I will expect you here in two hours to take a new oath, those who hesitate are free, even to place themselves, if they choose, in the ranks of our enemies; and I give my royal word, that they may do this in safety. I had rather fight the enemy, than suppose that traitors were around me." His majesty has testified his satisfaction to the good citizens of Cassel, for their good conduct in these circumstances; they have been found to be good and loyal subjects, who would unite in defence of their king, at the slightest appearance of danger. It was attempted to seduce them, in the same manner as the troops were tempted, by persuading them that the king had abandoned the capital, but he gave them a positive assurance that he would not quit them for a moment, but to engage in measures for the safety of the city, without any idea of deserting such faithful subjects. The enemies of the public repose, should recollect, that the kings of this dynasty, have never quitted their people but to fly to their defence.
LANDSHUT, (Bavaria,) April 26. We have at length received correct information from Tyrol. Before the war began, Austrian agents overran that province to organize the insurrection which broke out ere they heard of the first hostilities. The insurgents united in the neighborhood of Innsbruck, marched on the 12th April, against the grand corps-de-guard, where the Col. Baron Dietfurt, had hastily assembled some detachments of infantry—that brave officer attacked the insurgents and repulsed them, but a party of them contrived to enter the houses and fire from thence upon the troops; the Colonel Dietfurt, received four wounds, of which he died a few days afterwards. In consequence of similar movements, manifested in other points, the Austrian corps in the neighborhood, occupied the greater part of the German Tyrolese, but pressed on all sides by the victorious troops of the allies; if they do not wish to lay down their arms, they have not a moment to lose in making a retreat: one or other of these events must evidently take place, and we, therefore, consider as certain, the speedy return of the Tyrolese, under the Bavarian dominion. The inhabitants of the Vorarlberg, which, with the Tyrol, was ceded to Bavaria, at the peace of Presburg, have sent a deputation, assuring his Bavarian majesty of their undiminished fidelity. When the Austrians left Munich, they had but seven or eight thousand runaways, who escaped from the battle of Rhr; they were without leaders and knew not on which side to turn. It is probable they will endeavor to get into Tyrol or Salzburg.
April 29. The incendiary proclamations of the Austrian Generals, have not had, in the Tyrol, all the effect they expected. A part only of the peasantry have been seduced; whilst the inhabitants of Innsbruck and other cities, as well as the Italian Tyrolese, remain faithful to government. We may judge of the spirit which animates these robbers, by the single fact, that their first expedition was to plunder the houses of the Jews, who purchased the plate of the suppressed convents. They have also assassinated several of the Bavarian working people, who were wholly without means of defence. Such are the brilliant exploits of the Austrians, which prove that they are worthy of being the allies of the English.
MADRID, April 14. The following general orders were published at the head quarters at Madrid, on the 2d instant: "His Catholic majesty conceives it his duty to make known that another and decisive victory was obtained, at Medellin, on the 28th March, by the first corps of the army, commanded by the duke of Belluno, ( Victor ) over the enemy, under the command of gen. Cuesta. "Ten thousand Spaniards were sabred upon the spot, and 4000 made prisoners by our light troops; the rest saved themselves as well as they could. All the artillery, 25 pieces, and six standards, have fallen into our hands; between 10 and 12,000 Spaniards were left on the field of battle. The greater part of the staff of Cuesta and of the superior officers, fell in this action: the Spanish general D. Francisco de Trias, was found desperately wounded, and lying among the slain. "The army of Cuesta and part of that of Andalusia, are annihilated by this event. Marshal Belluno ( Victor ) bestows the highest praise upon the generals and troops who have fought under him. "Our loss, compared with that of the enemy, would seem incredible, and in the whole affair, we lost but 300 men killed and wounded: our advantage was owing to the impetuosity of our attacks, and the vigor with which they were sustained. "This victory secures the conquest of Andalusia, which in a very short time will be entirely occupied by our troops. (Signed) "JOURDAN, Major general of his Catholic Majesty. "DAULTANTE, General of division of his C. M. "KELLERMAN, Governor General of Upper Spain."
PHILADELPHIA, July 7. A private letter from Paris of May 2, states, that Bonaparte has expressed great wrath against Mr. Madison's administration, on account of the partial raising of the Embargo—and in an audience given Mr. Armstrong, used expressions not very amicable and civil to the representative of an independent and friendly nation. Jackson. Received through various sources.
SPAIN.
Copies of the three Decrees in favor of the commerce of Great Britain.
1. In consequence of urgent instances of the Minister of his Britannic Majesty, the Supreme Central and Governing Junta of the Kingdom, and in the royal name of his Majesty Ferdinand the 7th, commands, that in this custom house, and in all the privileged custom houses of this province, English goods shall be admitted without any limitation or restriction, and that the duty shall be paid for the same at the rates only, at which they were charged before the war in 1804.—By order of his Majesty, this notification is made to your excellency, both for information and observance of the same. May God preserve you many years. (Signed) SAAVEDRA. Seville, Feb. 28, 1809.
2. In order, that in the existing circumstances, all impediments may be as much as possible removed, which interrupt the intercourse with English ships, and induced by repeated applications of the Minister of his Britannic Majesty, the same Supreme Central and Governing Junta, &c. &c. have determined to permit all English goods disembarked in our ports, which may not be sold in the country, to be re-exported on the payment only of 2 per cent. and no further duties are, in such case, to be required. By order of his majesty, this notification is made, &c. &c. (Signed) SAAVEDRA.
3. The near alliance which subsists between this court and that of London, and in

consequence of the assistance the latter has given us, which deserves to be returned by our warmest attachment and most profound respect. H. M. has condescended to allow to the ships of Great Britain to convey to the ports of Spain the articles of bacallao (dried cod fish) the same duties being payable thereon, which were required before the war of 1779—Such cargoes so received may be sent to our settlements in America, in the national vessels.
By order of H. M.: this notification is made, &c. &c. (ut ante.) (Signed) SAAVEDRA.
REVOLUTION AT BUENOS AYRES. We have long suspected that Liniers was exerting himself to the utmost in favor of the family of Bonaparte, and we now learn, by letters from Rio Janeiro, of the late date of February 6, that a revolution took place on the first of January, in which Liniers triumphed, & is now complete master as Viceroy of the City. It seems that the marriage of his daughter, with a young man of the name of Perichon, which was contrary to law, disgusted the people generally, who were, besides, very desirous to elect a Junta, in imitation of Seville, &c. The Cabildo met, and the usual elections took place on the first of January; after which, previous dispositions having been made by arming, &c. on both sides, to decide the matter by force in case of necessity, a negotiation took place between the Cabildo and Liniers, regarding his laying down the sovereign authority. At length, the heads of that body went to the Fuerte to treat personally with the Viceroy, when up went the draw bridge, and they were quickly marched through the Puerto del Socorro to the water side, put on board a schooner and have been sent off, nobody knows where; but it is supposed that the voyage was not a long one, since it is known there were very few provisions on board. The names of those who thus put themselves into the trap are—Alzaga, Villanueva, Sta. Coloma, Varela and another.
As a proof that this revolution is altogether in favor of France, we only need state, that the above mentioned Perichon is a Frenchman by birth, and is the person who was charged by Liniers with dispatches for Bonaparte, giving an account of his defence of Buenos Ayres against the British under Gen. Whitelocke, and was on his return from France, through Spain, on his way back to South America, in May or June of last year, apprehended in Andalusia, by order of the Junta of Seville, and confined in Cadiz, from whence it would appear he effected his escape.
The event which has thus taken place, though unfortunate for the patriotic cause of Spain, has removed every difficulty which obstructed the course of operations, that it might behove the government of this country to pursue, in concert with the Prince of the Brazils. Monte Video still holds out against Liniers, and must be prevented from falling under his authority, or the whole of Spanish America may be lost.
It is to be apprehended, that the French squadron which sailed some time since from L'Orient, may have proceeded to the Rio de la Plata.—Bell's Messenger.
The beauties of the British Government, (exemplified in its list of taxes for 1809.)
FROM A LONDON PAPER.
NEW DUTIES OF ASSESSED TAXES: The Bill for imposing new duties of assessed taxes, has just been printed. The new duties are specified in schedules, which occupy thirty pages, the following are the principal:
  Windows.    6 to pay £ 0 4 6 14 to pay £ 6 1 6  7 0 18 0 15 6 18 6  8 1 11 0 16 7 15 0  9 2 0 0 17 8 12 0  10 2 14 0 18 9 8 6  11 3 10 6 19 10 5 6  12 4 7 6 20 11 2 6  13 5 4 6  
The scale ascends to one hundred and eighty windows, which are to pay £ 93 0s 6d.
Inhabited Dwelling Houses. Five pounds and under 20 £. by the year, 1s. 6d. in the pound. 20 £. and under 40 £. 2s. 3d. 40 £. and upwards, 2s. 10d.
  Male Servants.    1 Servant £ 2 4 6 7 each £ 4 16  2 each 2 13 8 5 8  3 3 7 9 6 12  4 3 18 10 6 3  5 4 9 11 & upwards 7 1  6 4 14  
Bachelors to pay 34s. 6d. additional for each servant.
Travellers, one, 48s.—more than one, 70s. each.
Clerks, one, 24s.—more than one, 48s. each.
Shopmen, Warehouse-men, &c. (not apprentices,) 24s. each.
Coachmen, Grooms, &c. kept for hiring, 48s. each.
  Carriages with four wheels.    1 £ 11 5 6 for each £ 15 3  2 for each 12 7 7 15 4  3 13 10 8 16 5  4 14 0 9 16 16  5 14 12  
Additional bodies on same wheels, £ 5 12s. 6d.
Two wheeled carriages, (one horse) £ 5 18s.—with two horses £ 8 8s.—Additional bodies on the same wheels, £ 2 15s.
Stage-coaches and Post-chaises, £ 9 9s. each, taxed carts, 26s. 6d.
Coach-makers and sellers of carriages, 6s. for every carriage made or sold—with four wheels 22s. 6d.—ditto with two wheels, 11s. 3d.
  Horses.    1 Horse, £ 2 13 6 7 each £ 5 10 0  2 each 4 9 6 8 5 11 0  3 4 13 6 9 5 12 0  4 5 2 0 10 5 17 6  5 5 3 0 20 & up-wards 6 1 0  6 5 7 0  
Horses let to hire, and race horses, £ 21 13s. 6d. each.
Horse dealers, in London, £ 22 10s.—other parts, £ 11 5s.
Dogs, one, 7s.—two or more, 11s. 6d. each.
Hair-powder, every person, 23s. 6d.
Armorial Deering. By persons keeping a coach, £ 2 8 0
Not keeping a coach, but chargeable to the duties on inhabited houses, 1 4 0
Not chargeable to such duties, 0 11 0
Game keepers, 1 1 0
Not Game keepers, 3 3 0
We understand that letters have been received in this city from Havanna, which
state, that an order from the Supreme Junta in Spain had been received by the governor of the Havanna, authorising the sequestration of all French property in the Island of Cuba. N. Y. Merc. Adv.
BOSTON, July 6.
From the Havanna, June 12. "The San Francisco de Paula, of seventy-four guns, arrived this morning from Vera Cruz, with seven millions of dollars for Spain, and two millions for this place. Mr. Anderson, American agent, has closed his office by express orders of the Governor, will take his departure in a few days."
KINGSTON, (Jamaica,) June 10. The Lark sloop of war, of 18 guns, Capt. Nicholas, sailed on Wednesday morning for Santa Domingo, with the vessels mentioned in the list of sailings under her convoy, having on board the first division of the troops destined on an expedition against that place.
The troops embarked, consist of two Brigades of Artillery, under the command of Capt. Hardy and Armstrong, the one heavy and the other light Artillery—the flank companies of the 18th, 24th and 25th regiments; a rifle company of the 60th, (from Port Antonio,) and a detachment from the 2d battalion 19th, 54 and 2d West-India regiments, in the first division; and detachments from the 2d battalion 18th, 64th and 2d West-India regiments, in the second division. We understand that they will be reinforced by troops from Curacoa and St. Thomas's, and that the whole number of men to be employed, will comprise 2,500, exclusive of the seamen and marines of the squadron.
The first division got under weigh on Tuesday morning, but unfortunately, at six o'clock, the brig Agness, one of the transports, missed stays in going about, and grounded in a very dangerous spot, called the Green Bay shoal, when a signal was made for the Lark and the remainder of the transports to return. The Agness was got off the following day, and we are happy to state, did not sustain the least injury.
DOMESTIC.
The following is the ORATION pronounced by JOEL BARLOW, on the 4th July.
ORATION. FRIENDS AND FELLOW CITIZENS, The day we now commemorate will never cease to excite in us the most exhilarating reflections and mutual gratulations. Minds of sensibility, accustomed to range over the field of contemplation that the birth of our empire spreads before them, must expand on this occasion to great ideas, and invigorate their patriotic sentiments.
The thirty-three years of national existence, which have brought us to our present condition, are crowned indeed with instructive facts, and comprise an interesting portion of history. But they have only prepared this gigantic infant of a nation to begin its development. They are only the prelude to the greater events that seem to unfold themselves before us, and call for the highest wisdom to give them their proper direction.
It appears to have been the practice of the public speakers, called to give utterance to the feelings of their fellow citizens on the anniversary of this day, to dwell chiefly upon those memorable transactions which necessitated, and those which afterwards supported the act of Independence, that gives name to the present festival. Such were the oppressions of Britain and our effectual resistance to those oppressions. Transactions so eventful are doubtless worthy to be held in perpetual remembrance. And as they ought never to be forgotten, they should frequently be recalled to the notice of our younger brethren, who can know them only from their elders. But those conflicting scenes are now become every where matters of record. They are detailed so copiously in our annals and so often by our orators, as to render the repetition of their story at this moment, far less important, than to turn our attention to other subjects growing out of the interests of our blessed country.
Our departed heroes and statesmen have not gone without their fame. Our tears have mingled with the ashes of those fallen in our battles, and those who have descended in peace to a later tomb. Our gratitude attends the precious few who remain to us of that list of worthies; the illustrious relics of so many fields of danger, and so many years of labor; who led us in all our darlings, when resistance to tyrants, as well in the forum as in the field, was deemed rebellion and threatened with death. Their whitened locks, that still wave among us, are titles to our veneration; they command and they will obtain it, while the virtues they have taught us to practice shall continue to warm our hearts.
But our respect for the memory and the persons of all our leaders will be best evinced by the pious culture we bestow on the rich heritage, they have secured and are handing over to our possession. The present race is likewise passing away; but the nation remains and rises with its years. While we, the present race, are able to call ourselves the nation, we should be sensible of the greatness of the charge that has devolved upon us. We have duties to posterity as well as to ourselves. We must gather up our strength and encounter those duties. Yes, my friends, we are now the nation. As such we have arrived at that epoch, when instead of looking back with wonder upon our infancy, we may look forward with solicitude to a state of adolescence, with confidence to a state of manhood. Though as a nation we are yet in the morning of life, we have already attained an elevation which enables us to discern our course to its meridian splendor; to contemplate the height we have to climb, and the commanding station we must gain, in order to fulfil the destinies to which we are called, and perform the duties that the cause of human happiness requires at our hands.
To prepare the United States to act the distinguished part that Providence has assigned them, it is necessary to convince them that the means are within their power. A familiar knowledge of the means will teach us how to employ them in the attainment of the end. Knowledge will lead to wisdom; and wisdom in no small degree is requisite in the conduct of affairs so momentous and so new. For our situation is in many respects not only new to us, but also to the world.
The form of government we have chosen; the geographical position we occupy as relative to the most turbulent powers of Europe whose political maxims are widely different from ours; the vast extent of continent that is or must be comprised within our limits, containing not less than sixteen hundred millions of acres, and susceptible of a population
of 200,000,000 of human beings; our habits of industry and peace, instead of violence & war—all these are circumstances which render our situation as novel as it is important. It requires new theories; it has forced upon us new and bold, and in some cases, doubtful experiments; it calls for deep reflection on the propensities of human nature and accurate acquaintance with the history of human actions; and what is perhaps the most difficult to attain, a wise discrimination among the maxims of wisdom, or what is such in other times and nations, to determine which of them are applicable and which would be detrimental to the end we have in view. I would by no means insinuate that we should reject the councils of antiquity in mass, or turn a deaf ear to the voice of modern experience, because it is not our own. So far as the policy of other nations is founded on the real relations of social man, on his moral nature undisguised, it may doubtless be worthy of imitation; but so far as it is drawn from his moral nature disguised by habits materially different from ours, such policy is to be suspected, it is to be scrutinized, and brought to the test, not perhaps of our experience, for that may in certain cases be wanting, but the test of the general principles of our institutions, and the habits and maxims, that arise out of them.
There has been no nation either ancient or modern, that could have presented human nature in the same character as ours does and will present it; because there has existed no nation whose government has resembled ours. A representative democracy on a large scale, with a first constitution, had never before been attempted, and has no where else succeeded. A federal government on democratical principles is equally unprecedented, and exhibits a still greater innovation on all received ideas of statesmen and lawgivers. Nor has any theorist in political science, any among those powerless potentes of reason, the philosophers who have taught us so many valuable things, ever framed a system or conceived a combination of principles producing such a result.
Circumstances beyond our control had thrown in our way the materials for this wonderful institution. Our first merit lay in not rejecting them. But when our sages began to discern the use that might be made of materials then so unpromising, they discovered great talents and patriotism in combining them into the system we now find in operation. It is indeed a stupendous fabric; the greatest political phenomenon, and probably will be considered as the greatest advancement in the science of government, that all modern ages have produced.
This is not the moment to go into a dissertation on the peculiar character of our political constitutions. The subject being well understood by so respectable a portion of this assembly, and the time allotted to this part of the exercises of the day being necessarily short, I should hardly expect to obtain your indulgence, if I were even capable of doing justice to so great a theme. Otherwise the whole compass of human affairs does not admit of a more profitable enquiry. Every citizen should make it his favorite study, and consider it as an indispensable part of the education of his children.
But nations are educated like individual infants. They are what they are taught to be. They become whatever their tutors desire, and invite and prepare and force them to become. They may be taught to reason correctly; they may be taught to reason perversely; they may be taught to reason at all. The last is the case of despotism; the second, where they reason perversely, is the case of a nation with an unsettled and unprincipled government, by whatever technical name it may be distinguished; for a democracy without a constitution, though generally and justly called the school of disorder and perversity, is no more liable to these calamities, than a monarchy ill defined and without a known principle of action, and where the arm of power has not that steady tension which would render it completely despotic. The first, the case in which they reason correctly, if it ever existed or ever is to exist, must be ours. Our nation must, it can, its legislators ought to say it shall, be taught to reason correctly, to act justly, to pursue its own interest upon so large a scale as not to interfere with the interest, or at least, with the rights of other nations. For the moment it should interfere with theirs, it could no longer be said to be pursuing its own.
What then are the interests of this nation, which it becomes us as private citizens (without any mission but the autocratical right of individuals) to recommend to the great body of the American people on this auspicious occasion? The most obvious, and I believe, the most important are comprised in two words; and to them I shall confine my observations: public improvements and public instruction. These two objects, though distinct in the organization which they will require, are so similar in their effects, that most of the arguments that will apply to one, will apply equally to both. They are both necessary to the preservation of our principles of government; they are both necessary to the support of the system into which those principles are wrought, the system we now enjoy; they are each of them essential, perhaps in an equal degree, to the perfecting of that system, to our perceiving and preparing the ameliorations of which it is susceptible. I shall dwell exclusively on these two objects, not because they are the only ones that might be pointed out, but because their importance, their immediate and pressing importance, seems to have been less attended to and probably less understood than it ought to have been among the general concerns of the union.
Public improvements, such as roads, bridges and canals, are usually considered only in a commercial and economical point of light—they ought likewise to be regarded in a moral and political light. Cast your eyes over the surface of our dominion, with a view to its vast extent; with a view to its present and approaching state of population—with a view to the different habits, manners, languages, origin, morals, maxims of the people; with a view to the nature of those ties, those political artificial ties, which hold them together as one people, and which are to be relied upon, to continue to hold them together as one people, when their number shall rise to hundreds of millions of freemen possessing that spirit of independence that becomes their station. What anxiety, what solicitude, what painful apprehensions must naturally crowd upon the mind for the continuance of such a government, stretching its thin texture over such a country, and in the hands of such a people! The prospect is awful—the object, if attainable, is magnificent beyond comparison; but the difficulty of attaining it and the danger of losing it, are sufficient to cloud the prospect in the eye of many respectable citizens, and force them to despair. Despair in this case,
to an ardent spirit devoted to the good of his country, is a distressing state indeed. To despair of preserving the federal union of these republics, for an indefinite length of time without a dismemberment, is to lose the highest hopes of human society, the greatest promise of bettering its condition that the efforts of all generations have produced. The man of sensibility who can contemplate without horror the dismemberment of this empire, has not well considered its effects. And yet I scarcely mingle in society for a day without hearing it predicted, and the prediction uttered with a levity bordering on indifference; and that too by well disposed men of every political party. Hence I conclude that the subject has not been examined with the attention it deserves.
I am not yet so unhappy as to believe in this prediction. But I should be forced to believe in it, if I did not anticipate the use of other means than those we have yet employed to perpetuate the union of the states. They must not be coercive means. Such means in most cases would produce effects directly the reverse of what would be intended. Our policy does not admit of standing armies; and if it did, we could not maintain them sufficiently numerous to restrain great bodies of freemen with arms in their hands, blinded by ignorance, heated by zeal and led by factious chiefs; and if we could maintain them strong enough for that purpose, we all know they would very soon overturn the government they were intended to support.
With as little prospect of success could we rely upon legislative means—that is, upon laws against treason and misdemeanor, or any other chapter of the criminal code. Such laws may sometimes intimidate a chief of rebels, or a few unsupported traitors.—But a whole geographical district of rebels, a half a nation of traitors would legislate against you. They would throw your laws into one scale and their own into the other, and toss in their bayonets to turn the scale.
No, the means to be relied upon to hold this benificent union together, must apply directly to the interest and convenience of the people; they must, at the same time, enable them to discern that interest, and be sensible of that convenience. The people must become habituated to enjoy a visible, palpable, incontestible good; a greater good than they could promise themselves from any change. They must have information enough to perceive it, to reason upon it, to know why they enjoy it, whence it flows, how it was attained, how it is to be preserved and how it may be lost. The people of these states must be educated for their station, as members of the great community. They must receive a republican education; be taught the duties and the rights of freemen; that is, of American freemen; not the freemen that are so by starts, by frenzy and in mobs; who would fill the forum at the nod of Clodius, or the pyraeum at that of Cleon; nor the freemen of one day in seven years, who would rush together for sale at the Hastings of Brentford, and clamor and bludgeon for a man whose principles and person were to them alike unknown and unregarded.
Each American freeman is an integral member of the sovereignty; he is a co-estate of the empire, carrying on its government by his delegates. The first right he possesses, after that of breathing the vital air, is the right of being taught the management of the power to which he is born. It is an unquestionable right of the individual from the society.
In a monarchy, the education of the Prince is justly deemed a concern of the nation. It is done at their expence; and why is it so? It is because they are deeply interested in his being well educated, that he may be able to administer the government well, to conduct the concerns of the nation wisely on their own constitutional principles. My friends, is it not even more important that our princes, our millions of princes, should be educated for their station, than the single prince of a monarchy? If a single prince goes wrong, obstinately and incurably wrong, he may be set aside for another, without overthrowing the state. But if our sovereigns, in their multitudinous exercise of power, should become obstinate and incurable in wrong, you cannot set them aside. But they will set you aside; they will set themselves aside; they will crush the state and convulse the nation. The result is, military despotism, dismemberment of the great Republic, and, after a sufficient course of devastation by civil wars, the settlement of a few ferocious monarchies, prepared to act over again the same degrading scenes of mutual encroachment and vindictive war, which disgrace modern Europe; and from which many writers have told us, that mankind are never to be free.
Our habits of thinking and even of reasoning, it must be confessed, are still borrowed from feudal principles and monarchical establishments. As a nation, we are not up to our circumstances. Our principles in the abstract, as wrought into our state and federal constitutions, are in general worthy of the highest praise; they do honor to the human intellect. But the practical tone and tension of our minds do not well correspond with those principles. We are like a person conversing in a foreign language, whose idiom is not yet familiar to him. He thinks in his own native language, and is obliged to translate as he talks; which gives a stiffness to his discourse and betrays a certain embarrassment which nothing can remove but frequent exercise and long practice. We are accustomed to speak and reason, relative to the people's education, precisely like the aristocratical subjects of an European monarchy. Some say, the people have no need of instruction; they already know too much; they cannot all be legislators and judges and generals; the great mass must work for a living, and they need no other knowledge than what is sufficient for that purpose. Others will tell you, it is very well for the people to get as much education as they can; but it is their own concern, the state has nothing to do with it; every parent, out of regard to his offspring, will give them what he can, and that will be enough.
I will not say how far this manner of treating the subject, is proper even in Europe, whence we borrowed it. But I will say that nothing is more preposterous in America. It is directly contrary to the vital principles of our constitutions; and its inevitable tendency is to destroy them. A universal system of education, is so far from being a matter of indifference to the public, under our social compact, that it is incontestably one of the first duties of the government, one of the highest interests of the nation, one of the most sacred rights of the individual, the vital fluid of organized liberty, the precious aliment, without which your republican cannot be supported.
I do not mean that our legislators should
turn pedagogues; or send their commissioners forth to discipline every child in this nation. Neither do I mean to betray so much temerity as to speak of the best mode of combining a system of public instruction.—But I feel it my duty, on this occasion, to use the freedom to which I am accustomed, and suggest the propriety of bringing forward some system that shall be adequate to the object. I am clearly of opinion, that it is already within the power of our legislative bodies, both federal and provincial; but if it is not, the people ought to place it there, and see that it is exercised. It is certain that the plan, if properly arranged and wisely conducted, would not be expensive. And there is no doubt of its absolute, irresistible necessity, if we mean to preserve either our representative principle or our federal union.
It is not intended that every citizen should be a judge or a general or a legislator; but every citizen is a voter; it is essential to your institutions that he should be a voter, & to be has not the instruction necessary to enable him to discriminate between the characters of men, to withstand the intrigues of the wicked, & to perceive what is right; he immediately becomes a tool for knaves to work with; he becomes both an object & an instrument of corruption; his right of voting becomes an injury to himself and a nuisance to society. It is in this sense that the people are said to be "their own worst enemies." Their freedom itself is found to be an insupportable calamity; and the only consolation (a dreary consolation indeed) is, that it cannot last long.
The time is fast approaching, when the U. States will be out of debt, if no extraordinary call for money to repel foreign aggression should intervene. Our surplus revenue already affords the means of entering upon the system of public works, and beginning to discharge our duty in this respect. The report of the Secretary of the Treasury on these works, which is or ought to be in the hands of every citizen, will show their feasibility as to the funds; and it developed a part of the advantages with which the system must be attended. But neither time nor distinguished statesmanship any other human being could detail and set forth all the advantages that would arise from such a system carried to its proper extent. They are incalculably great and unspeakably various. They could bind the states together, in a body of union that every one could perceive, that every one must cherish, and nothing could destroy. This of itself is an advantage so great, if considered in all its consequences, that it seems almost useless to notice any other. It would facilitate the means of instructing the people; it would teach them to cherish the union as the source of their happiness, and to know why it was so; and this is a considerable portion of the education they require. It would greatly increase the value of property and the wealth of individuals, and thereby enable them to augment the public revenue. But what is more, it would itself augment the revenue in a more direct manner by enhancing the value of the public lands; which would thus sell faster and bring a higher price. In this manner the first monies laid out by the government on roads and canals would be a reproductive property; it would be constantly sending back more money into the treasury than was taken from it for this purpose. So that all the advantages of every kind, public and private, present and future, commercial and economical, physical, moral and political, would be so much clear gain. There would be nothing destroyed but errors and prejudices, nothing removed but the dangers that now threaten our invaluable institutions.
To do equal justice and give satisfaction to the people in every state in the union, the sums to be expended in each year should be distributed in the several states according to their population. This is the general understanding among the friends of the system; and the Secretary has not neglected to keep it in view in his innumerable report.
Our present legislators ought to consider how much true glory would redound to them from being the first to arrange and adopt such a system. How different from the false glory commonly acquired by the governments of other countries! Louis XIV. toiled, and tormented himself and all Europe thro' a long life to acquire glory. He made unjust wars

our plans of improvement, and even to the government itself.
Has then a benificent providence, the God of order & justice, pointed out another mode of defence, by which the resources of this nation may be reserved for works of peace and the advancement of human happiness? Has the genius of science and of art raised up a new Archimedes to guide the fire of heaven against the fleets that may annoy us? I cannot but hope it has—not by the ardent mirror; but by means altogether more certain, less dependent on external circumstances, capable of varying and accommodating their mode of attack and defence to all the variety of positions and movements common to ships of war.
I know not how far I may differ in opinion from those among you who may have turned their attention to the subject to which I now allude—or whether any person present has really investigated it. But I should not feel easy to lose the present occasion (the only one that my retired life renders it probable I shall ever have of addressing you,) to express my private opinion that the means of submarine attack, invented and proposed by one of our citizens carries, in itself, the eventual destruction of naval tyranny. I should hope and believe, if it were taken up and adopted by our government, subjected to a rigid and regular course of experiments, open and public, so that its powers might be ascertained & its merits known to the world, it would save this nation from future foreign wars, and deliver it from all apprehension of having its commercial pursuits and its peaceful improvements ever after interrupted. It might rid the seas of all the buccaneers both great and small that now infest them; it might free mankind from the scourge of naval wars, one of the greatest calamities they now suffer, and to which I can see no other end.
These opinions may be thought hazardous. But I beg my fellow citizens to believe that I have examined the subject, or I should not hazard them. Several of the great arts that are now grown familiar in common life were once thought visionary. This fact should render us cautious of making up our judgment against an object like this in the higher order of mechanical combinations, before we have well considered it. With this observation I drop the subject—or rather I resign it into abler hands; the hands of those who have the power, as well as the inclination to pursue the best good of our beloved country.
I should not have introduced it in this place, were it not for its immediate connexion with the means of commencing and prosecuting those vast interior improvements which the state of our nation so imperiously demands; which the heroes of our revolution, the sages of our early councils, the genius of civilization, the cause of suffering humanity, have placed within our power and confided to our charge.
* Fulton's Torpedoes—a description of which is given in the Enquirer of the 2d May. It is to Mr. F. that Mr. Barlow has dedicated his Columbiad.
† It is to be wished that Congress would appropriate a small sum of money, for making of these experiments.—We understood, that Mr. F. had intended to make an application to this effect.— Id.
CAPTAIN FOLGER.
[FROM THE PUBLIC ADVERTISER]
We are not the advocates of French tyranny; nor will we ever countenance American knavery. A certain Captain Folger is making a great parade of his adventures in France, for what purpose the people of the United States will be the better enabled to decide, when the said Captain Folger shall have honestly answered the following questions:
Questions for Captain Folger.
 1. Are you not the man who spread a news in London, that Bonaparte had declared war against the U. S. which news caused great speculations when it reached this country?  2. Did you not spread that news knowing it to be false, in order to conceal the real motive for your leaving France in disguise?  3. Were you not engaged in clandestine trade between England and France, in violation of the laws of the U. S. under the Embargo?  4. Did you not boast to the commander of an American vessel whom you met in London, that you had made a great deal of money by that kind of trade?  5. Was not your detection as a smuggler the cause of the seizure of your vessel in France?  6. Did you not confess to the American commander, before mentioned, that you invented the tale of a declaration of war by France against the U. S. in order to smother enquiry into your own case?  7. Did you not give out that you had escaped from a French prison, merely to answer a similar purpose?  8. How comes it that you have suffered yourself to remain so long in the U. S. without disclosing the circumstances which you have just published?  9. Have you not fabricated the tale in question, in order to cloak some sinister design, or to pre-engaged the public sympathy in your behalf against the day when you will be fully exposed and punished for violating the laws of your country?  When capt. Folger answers these questions, we have a few more for him.
THE SHIP SALLY.
Thomas Pearce, formerly commander, of the ship Sally, which arrived some months ago at Liverpool with a cargo of tobacco, and who, since his return to this city, has been taken, and in custody of the marshal of the district of Pennsylvania, on process issued for a violation of the embargo laws; had contrived last Saturday to elude the vigilance of one of the marshal's men, and make his escape, was retaken near Cape May, brought back to this city, and is now safely lodged in the jail in Walnut street.
It appears that after Pearce crossed the Delaware, a horse and chair were waiting for him, and it is more than probable, had not some management taken place, he would have been at sea.
Pearce's escape obliged the marshal to offer a considerable reward;—and of course to give a very accurate description of his person and connections.—This advertisement has excited the resentment of a merchant of this city of the name of Farquhar, who has threatened the marshal with a prosecution for a libel; however, as Pearce is retaken, and in all probability will not readily escape again, and as he can have but little hope of obtaining a remission of the penalty of his bond, we seriously recommend to him a full and complete disclosure of the whole transaction.—The more so as it is by some averred that Farquhar never saw Pearce in his life. Surely capt. Pearce can tell who fitted the Sally out? who paid her disbursements? who shipped the cargo in Virginia? and if all this will not
be, we recommend that the District Attorney send a commission to Liverpool, directed to the American Consul, to compel the consignee at Liverpool to disclose the whole transaction.
The repeated and shameful violations of the embargo laws, loudly call upon the proper officer of the general government to sift this nefarious transaction to the bottom. We are told, the Sally's cargo of tobacco, about 300 hogsheads, brought at Liverpool, an average price of 22 1-2 pence sterling per pound, equal to 38 cents per lb. and cost probably not more than 5 cents per lb.— Democratic Press.
SILVER MINE.
Within a few weeks past, a Mine has been discovered on the lands of Mr. William Davis, of Frederick County, Virginia, which, from actual experiment, promises to yield an immense quantity of Silver of the purest kind. The writer of this communication, has seen two specimens of Silver, produced from this ore bank, which is pronounced by competent judges, to be as pure metal, as any in the world. It is said by the proprietors, that from two pounds & four ounces of the ore, they have produced the value of two dollars eighty-seven and a half cents. From this calculation, it is expected, that every ton of ore, in its natural state, will yield about 1500 dollars. The proprietors expect to be able to melt down about a ton in weight, every 24 hours. The bank is believed, contains an almost inexhaustible quantity of ore.—Mr. Daniel Vance, is the gentleman who has made the chemical experiments and has become a partner.—This day heard him declare, that he would not take ten thousand dollars in cash, for his interest.—Winchester Gazette.
THE ENQUIRER.
RICHMOND, JULY 14, 1809.
AN ERROR CORRECTED.
About three years ago, a communication appeared in this paper respecting the remains of a Mammoth, which were said to have been found in the County of Wythe, in this state. Amongst other things it was stated, that the contents of the stomach itself had been found to consist of vegetable remains, such as half masticated pieces of cane, twigs, leaves, &c.—from which it was at once concluded, that this extraordinary monster had been an herbivorous animal.—The circumstance was made known to Bishop Madison of this state—And by degrees, through him, to the whole philosophical world. The reputation of that gentleman conspired with the interest of the subject to excite the curiosity of the world, and extend the circulation of the discovery. It was published in the Amenitates Graphicae of Mr. Girardin—in the Physical Journal of Dr. Barton for 1805—among the dissertations of the celebrated Cuvier in Paris—and in the 13th Vol. of Nicholson's Philosophical Journal of London. To those, who had taken any interest in the subject, this discovery was peculiarly curious and interesting. It seemed to set at rest for ever the great question about the herbivorous nature of the Mammoth. So much seemed to be cut off for ever from the fields of conjecture and disputation, to be hung up among the Trophies of discovery in the Temple of Truth.
Subsequent facts, however, began to cast some doubts over this subject. The imposing gloss of first appearances began to wear a way before deliberate and careful observation. An intelligent gentleman had visited the Salt Lick, from which these buried bones were said to have been "cast forth." Some of the bones of the Mammoth were there—such as those of the tail, of the thigh, feet and grinders. But it is somewhat curious, that there were no marks of Ivory , such as might have been expected, if the Mammoth were really of the Elephantine species.—Some of the ruins of vegetable matter were also deposited with these exuviae—such as the stalks of the Cane , leaves, &c. &c. But it was equally true, that these vegetable remains were not confined to the spot only, where the stomach of the Mammoth may be supposed to have fallen—but that they were all around the bones, above them and below them. There seemed to be little doubt, too, that these strata of earth and vegetable remains might have been formed by alluvion only—and that there were similar appearances of soil in the vicinity of the Lick, and in the county of Wythe, wherever equally favorable sites had occurred for their formation.
In the midst of these doubts, which we began to entertain on the subject, a communication on the nature of the Mammoth was put into our hands. This piece laid considerable stress on the discovery in Wythe. What was our duty? Being acquainted with the author of the communication, we assumed the responsibility of waving the publication of that part of it, which relates to this discovery, until we could hear from Mr. Madison. The following liberal communication from that gentleman will fully explain his present impressions on this subject.
July 7th, 1809.
DEAR SIR, To correct an error, as soon as discovered, is a duty, in the discharge of which, I shall always rejoice.—I thank you, therefore, for the opportunity, which you have so kindly offered, of rectifying the mistake into which I was led, respecting the Mammoth of Wythe county. I have now, no doubt, that the worthy gentleman, who related to me, the circumstances, which appeared to establish the fact, that the Mammoth belonged to the class of herbivorous animals, was himself imposed upon by illusive indications. His accuracy & good sense were well known to me. I reposed in him that confidence, which he justly merits; & could, at the time when I announced the supposed fact, entertain no doubt of its reality. Later and more extended observations, at the place where the Bones were found, have proved, however, that the question of the general classification of this extraordinary animal, still remains unsatisfied. We must search for other data, since truth withdraws from us those we had, too eagerly, seized.
I believe, indeed, that we have one, derived from the habitude of the animal, which may be considered as decisive. His relics are rarely found remote from those salt licks, or saline springs, which are frequent in the Western country; generally, they are found at those very places; sometimes in rich low grounds, or deep valleys, near the largest streams of water; never, so far as I know, upon high hills or mountains. In the county of Botetourt, where there is one of those licks, I have seen, and still have in my possession, some of the bones of that animal, which were dug up, within the vicinity of the lick, at the depth of 18 or 20 feet from the surface of the earth. In no other part of that county have similar bones been discovered. This is the case in Wythe; at the salt-works in Washington county; and so far as my information
extends, this is, generally, the case in the states West, S. West, and N West of Virginia. The presumption, therefore, is, that those saline places were the principal resort of this animal. It is true, that the FERÆ do also frequent such places; but, it is only, that they may, from some covert or ambuscade, leap upon their prey. The lion, the tiger, or the panther of this country, find, we may believe, at such resorts, the full advantage of their agility; but, we can never believe, that an animal of so enormous a mass, as the Mammoth, could possess, either the requisite celerity, or find a covert sufficient to conceal his hostile designs. The general law, especially, with respect to the largest animals, is, that their celerity is inversely as their mass; and the probability, arising almost to demonstration is, that the Mammoth, in consequence of his conformation, was not an exception to that law.—The conclusion, then appears to be, that he frequented these saline places from the same impelling cause, which acts so powerfully upon all herbivorous quadrupeds; and, that this habitude may be taken as a sure guide in his classification.
I am, sir, Yours very respectfully, JAMES MADISON. Williamsburg.
MR. RITCHIE.
Richmond, } To allow room for those more ponderous pieces, which cannot be broken without injury, and to preserve many of those minor articles, which cannot be omitted without loss, we have for one or two papers thrown many of the latter description into the following summary and desultory form.
SUMMARY
COMPILED FOR THE ENQUIRER.
The Internal Communication of the U. States is in a course of improvement. The elegant barge, Mary Anne, birthen 57 tons, has arrived at Nashville, Ten. in 87 days from N. Orleans. This barge is 87 feet long, and more than 16 wide. She was worked up by 22 hands. The amount of freight was upwards of $5000. The safety with which this barge has ascended the Cumberland river, leaves every room to hope, that with a small expense dedicated to the improvement of that river, it might be made navigable for boats of 100 tons, as high up as Nashville.—Capt. Pratt, commander of the detachment of Militia lately dispatched from St. Louis (Upper Louisiana) for the reinforcement of Fort Madison on the Mississippi, had returned to St. Louis early in June. He brings the most pleasing accounts of the dispositions of the Indian affairs in that quarter. The Sacs, Sioux, Foxes, &c. had had sufficient discernment to perceive the danger, which awaited them from a single act of hostility on their part, and had consequently buried the tomahawk. The alacrity shown by the Militia on this occasion had inspired the Indians with so much fear & respect, that no apprehensions were entertained of its being again dug up.—A Steam-Boat commenced running on the 5th instant between Philadelphia and Trenton. So much for the genius of Fulton! When will the attempt be made, to stem the rapid current of the Mississippi by this ingenious invention?—Died lately in England, Lord DUNMORE, the last British Governor of Virginia. Thanks to his memory for the glorious Revolution, which his oppressions contributed to produce!—An extraordinary fatality seems to attend the rising manufacturing Establishments of this country. Where so many incidents of the same species occur, it is impossible to ascribe them to chance; so much as to design. The Cotton Bagging Factory of Messrs. Sproule and Hanna, in Kentucky, was on the 25th ult. destroyed by fire. Their loss is estimated at 5 or 6000 dollars. As the house was shut up during the whole day, (Sunday,) and there was no fire in it, there are strong suspicions of its having been set on fire by some infamous incendiary.—The N. Orleans Gazette of the 13th ult. states the resignation of Capt. George Peter of the Artillery. The cause is said to be some difference between himself and Gen. Wilkinson. We understood also that Tully Robinson, Esq. of this state has also resigned his commission of Major in the Fifth Regiment of Infantry. It is said that Maj. R. accepted his commission, under an expectation of being thrown into active and immediate service, when he should arrive in New Orleans—being disappointed in these hopes, he has resigned his commission.—A National Fair was held on the 10th at Bush Hill, in the north-west suburb of Philadelphia for the show of Sheep, cattle and Manufactures.—On the 4th of July, the federalists of New York amidst the splendor of a public procession laid the corner-stone of a building, which they have denominated "Washington Hall." The president of the Society expresses a hope that "the Hall to be erected on that spot, may be sacredly devoted to the cultivation of Friendship, of Charity, of correct principles, and of ardent Patriotism; that built by the friends of Washington, it may never be polluted by the enemies of that illustrious and revered Statesman; and that their descendants to the latest generation, may meet on that spot to commemorate the virtues of their revolutionary ancestors, to cherish and cultivate a love for the constitution and the welfare of our country, and to greet each other as the genuine disciples of the Washington School."—Accounts have been received of a most tragical event which took place at Fort Constitution in the harbour of Portsmouth. N. Hampshire on the evening of the 4th inst. Two chests of powder and about 80 cartridges of 6 or 8 pound, making in the whole about 300 wt. of powder, blew up, and killed and wounded 14 or 15 citizens & soldiers. Seven were either killed on the spot or died in a few hours. The life of several others were despaired of.—The Editor of the Aurora has seen a letter from the Havana, which states, "that on the 19th May, an order of the Spanish government was published, directing and commanding the entire confiscation of all property, of whatever kind, belonging to French persons of either sex, and confiscating all those who had received royal permissions of residence, as well as those who had become Spanish subjects by intermarriage with Spanish women. This measure reduces to beggary several thousands of the most industrious planters, who, after being expelled by revolutions from St. Domingo, carried their experience and industry to Cuba, which they had cultivated into a rivalry with the former riches of St. D. The owners of these plantations are now, without a single exception, banished, and their property confiscated."—The same paper informs us, that there has just been deposited in the mint of the U. States, "part of a lump of native gold, weighing upwards of 14 1/2 ozs. troy, which was lately found by a little boy, on Soward's neck beach, at the mouth of Passamaquoddy bay, in the district of Maine. This piece of gold, when assay-
ed, proved to be in quality a little better than 22 carats fine"—the standard of the U. States and British gold coins. The alloy appeared to be chiefly or altogether of silver. It contained about 1 1/2 per cent. of white quartz.—The whole piece, when found, weighed 2 lbs. 24 ozs. (probably Avoirdupois). The bank, adjoining that part of the beach on which the gold was found, is washed away several feet every year, and thus, this precious deposit was left on the surface of the beach." The reader will perceive in this day's paper, a much more interesting discovery than the above—extracted from the Winchester Centinel, respecting the discovery of a rich silver mine in the neighborhood of that town. We again repeat, that such discoveries ought not to be considered as any real acquisition to the wealth or virtue of this nation—that our true riches lie on the surface, rather than in the bowels of the earth—and that unless some noble-minded Patriot should arise amongst us, to stem the flood of luxury, and diffuse light, literature and science amongst his countrymen, by cherishing such individual means and such political institutions as are calculated to improve the mind, it may be justly said of us, that we, (the nation) are getting rich fast enough, in proportion to our knowledge of the right use of riches. The establishment of a great and enlightened system of education, the digging out of a great canal or the construction of a great road, are of more substantial service to us, than all the gold of Passamaquoddy, or the silver of Winchester.
"All Bochara's boasted Gold, Or all the Gems of Samarcand."
There are 24 to the oz.
FOR THE ENQUIRER.
WILLIAMSBURG, July 2.
The Fourth of July was celebrated here in a manner particularly grateful to the Friend of science, and the Patriot. At 10 o'clock, the President and professors of the College, attended by several visitors of that seminary, together with the students & scholars, entered the Church. They were followed by a well-equipped troop of horse, commanded by capt. Saunders. As soon as they entered, they were saluted with martial music, by a company of private gentlemen, who added greatly to the entertainment of the day by the occasional interposition of those harmonious sounds, which, at the same time, captive and exalt the heart.
After an appropriate prayer by the President; an oration upon the day, was delivered by Mr. William Roane.
The degree of Bachelor of Arts was then conferred upon the following students, who had previously gone through the ordeal of private and public examination with great credit to themselves; viz.
 Mr. Gerard Brandon, Of Natchez.  Mr. John Croughan, } Of Kentucky.  Mr. Charles Todd, }  Mr. John Gaines, &  Mr. Samuel Myers. 
Mr. Thomas O. Taylor delivered an oration upon that Form of Government, best adapted to promote and ensure public felicity.
He was followed by Mr. William Somervell, of Maryland, who spoke of the Effects of Commerce upon National Prosperity, and National Manners.
Mr. Samuel Myers concluded with an oration, the object of which was to point out the political causes, which had produced so great a diversity in the situation of Man at different periods, and under different Governments.
It is due to the young Orators to say, that they gained the applause of an enlightened and numerous audience.
It gives us more pleasure to publish such an instructive and impressive Essay, as the Oration of Mr. Barlow, than a dozen effusions of iniated party politics. This is a most solemn admonition, addressed to his countrymen, on their dearest interests. It does not expatiate on the causes which produced our Revolution, nor the events which it developed—but it points out in a most emphatic manner, the means which are necessary to preserve its blessings—the Union of the States, and the existence of the Republic.
Why are there not some high-minded and generous Patriots in the legislative bodies of our country, who keen-sighted enough to discover their own permanent interests united with those of their country, will boldly step forward and persevere to the accomplishment of some of these great truths? What glory would not ultimately result to the man, for instance, who would succeed in the establishment of a liberal system of general Education? Why are there not some individuals, who overlooking the temporary elat derived from certain ephemeral questions—from the most striking speech, for instance, on resolutions of thanks, are long-sighted enough to found their reputation upon the more stable basis of general utility?
Men of this description might not have the shout of a multitude, pursuing their heels—nor the well or ill-meant applause of partisans, saluting their ears—but they would reap a more gradual, a more general, a more permanent satisfaction and fame. It was such a course as this, that Howard pursued his researches into the depths of prisons. It was such a course as Wilberforce has taken, in his endeavors to suppress the Slave-Trade of G. B. It was such a course, as has crowned Major Cartwright with the meed of a nation's praise.
In one respect indeed, we are compelled to differ in opinion from Mr. Barlow. He seems to think it a matter of indifference, whether the superintendence of these great designs should devolve on the state or the general governments.
We are disposed however to think, that most of the objects which he has indicated are more conformable to the genius of the state governments—that most questions of internal policy should be reserved for them—and if there be any subjects, more emphatically within their jurisdiction, more calculated to preserve the sovereignty of the States, and to avoid the dangers of consolidation, it is that of Schools, and of Canals within the territory of each State. In such things the disbursements of money seem to be better suited to the Legislature of Virginia.
** Will be Published on Monday next, from this Office, "LETTERS on the subject of the CATHOLICS, to my BROTHER ABRAHAM—who lives in the Country. By PETER PLYMOUTH." At 56 cents, boards.
ADVERTISEMENTS for this paper, to be sent to the office, by 10 o'clock of the day previous to Publication.
VIRGINIA.—At a Superior court of Chancery held at the Capitol in Richmond, June 20th 1809.
George Fisher, Elizabeth Fisher, Jane Fisher, Boling Fisher, and Elizabeth Fisher, executrix of Daniel Fisher dec'd vs. John Fisher, executor of Edward Fisher, James executor of Daniel Fisher, William Stark, James Dennison, Archibald Gracie, Mary Fisher, David Robertson and Richard Smith.
This cause was this day partly heard on the
bill, and the report of Commissioner Wilder, pursuant to the order of the 25th day of February last, with exceptions thereon to the plaintiffs, but none on the part of the defendants. On consideration whereof the court confirming so much of the said report as states an account of the legacy due to Elizabeth Fisher, and of the Annuity to Jane Fisher two of the plaintiffs, doth adjudge, order & decree, that the defendant John Fisher pay to Elizabeth Fisher, daughter to Daniel Fisher, the elder, deceased, two thousand and thirty three pounds twelve shillings and six pence with interest at the rate of five per centum per annum, on one thousand five hundred and thirty two pounds ten shillings, from the first day of January one thousand eight hundred and nine until payment; and to the said Jane Fisher, another plaintiff, one hundred and ninety pounds with like interest on one hundred and fifty pounds from the same time, unless the said John Fisher, on or before the 10th day of the term next after he shall have been served with a copy of this decree shew, cause to the contrary, and as to the residue of the said report, the court doth recommit it to Commissioner Wilder, with these instructions, to state specially the amount of the real and personal estate of the testator, including that which hath reverted by the death of the defendant Mary, and how the amount of such debt due to, and from the said estate; and with respect to Mr. Randolph's debt, to state the original amount, how it was secured, what part hath been paid, how much remains due, and whether the security hath been changed and by whom; to state the advances made to the children of the testator, by him in his lifetime after they were of age; and those which have been made since his death, and after making the several statements aforesaid, to present the same in one general account, showing the balance due to and by each legatee, and report the same to the court with any special matters deemed pertinent by himself, or required by the parties to be specially stated. And to enable the Commissioner to perform this order, he is authorised to examine any of the parties in solemn form, for which purpose they are ordered to attend the commissioner when by him required.
COMMISSIONER'S OFFICE.
Petersburg, July 5, 1809.
THE Parties to the foregoing order are desired to take Notice, that I have appointed Monday the 14th day of August next, to carry the same into effect: On which day they are required to attend at my office, and there to exhibit the proofs necessary to enable me to comply with the directions therein contained.
JOSEPH G. WILDER, M.C.
NOTICE.—On Monday the 23rd day of October next, will be sold at WHITBY, in the County of Chesterfield, upon a credit of 12 months; the personal estate of the late Col. Robert Goode, consisting of the present crop of Corn, Wheat, Oats, Fodder and Hay; the stock of Horses, Cows, Sheep and Hogs; the plantation Utensils and Household and Kitchen furniture. Bonds and approved security will be required of the purchasers to carry interest from the date if not punctually paid.
It is particularly requested that all those who may have claims against the Estate, will make them known immediately, to either of the subscribers, in order that provision may be made for payment.
RICHARD B. GOODE, } Adm's of the FRANCIS GOODE, } Will annexed.
THAT valuable and well known Estate called Whitby, on James River, about three miles from the town of Manchester, will also be sold by private contract; it contains 1262 Acres of Land, about 220 acres of which are of the first rate low-grounds, and more than one half of the residue thereof is heavily timbered. To this Estate there is attached one of the best fisheries on James River, and every convenience and necessary House for the accommodation of a Family. An indisputable title will be made and possession given on the first day of December next, with the liberty of sowing small Grain at any time, agreeable to the purchaser. The terms may be known on application to
RICHARD B. GOODE, } Manchester FRANCIS GOODE, } Postoffice.
July 14.
HENNING & MUNFORD'S REPORTS.
LEWIS ADAMS has just received fresh supplies of BOOKS from Baltimore, Philadelphia and New York, which with those on hand and others daily expected, he flatters himself makes his assortment more valuable and extensive than any other collection in Richmond, all of which he would cheerfully exchange for cash at the regular prices.
Vol. 1 and 2 Henning and Munford's Reports royal 8vo. cf. at $6 50 per vol. from the press of I. Riley, New York, who has the copy right. Woman or Ida of Athens 2 vol. 8vo. and 1 75 boards. In recommending this interesting Novel to the literary world, it is only necessary to observe that it is from the pen of the celebrated Miss Osgood, and ranks among the first of her productions. Essay on Sepulchres by Godwin? The complete Farrier; Reliques of Robert Burns, by Cromek; Memoirs of an American Lady, by Mrs. Grant, author of Letters from the Mountains &c. &c. John de Lancaster a Novel by Richard Cumberland; The Hungarian Brothers by Miss Porter, author of Thaddeus of Warsaw. This is an interesting novel, the stile of which, as 'tis from the pen of one whose heart is the seat of every virtue, is pure, sprightly and unaffected. Vol. 1 American Law Journal; Newland on Contracts, Selwyn's Nisi Prius, Kidd on Wards and a few of every law publication from the press of Messrs. Farrand & Co. Philadelphia.
The History of the Administration of John Adams. Memoirs of the hon. Thomas Jefferson, 2 vols. 8vo. 5 $ 1-2 bound; $ 4 50 boards, a new work.
† A large assortment of children's books. July 14. 8w
By virtue of a Deed of Trust, executed by James H. Gordon dec'd and Maria his wife, to the subscriber, on the first day of November, 1808, and recorded in the Hustings court of Richmond the 12th December, 1808, for the purpose of securing to Robert Johnson the punctual payment of a debt, particularly described in said deed of trust.
Will be sold on the premises to the highest bidder on Monday, the 24th July, (if fair,) if not the next fair day, 1 LOT OF GROUND, nominated by number seventy, containing a half Acre, lying and being in a part of the City of Richmond, commonly known and designated by Duvall's plan of lots, on which is a brick tenement the sale will take place at five o'clock in the evening, under the provisions of the act of last assembly of Virginia, entitled "an act concerning executions and for other purposes."
HENRY TURNER, Trustee. July 14.
T. GABRIEL L. HALLER—SIR—
You are not a resident of this Commonwealth. Take notice that on the 14th day of August next, between the hours of 10 o'clock and sun set—(by virtue of a commission for that purpose, awarded.) I shall proceed to take the depositions of George Williamson, Robert S. Garnett & Mason Green, to be read as evidence in an injunction now depending in the Chancery District Court of Williamsburg in which myself and Nathaniel Shephard are complainants, and Houltier Hudgins, Gabriel L. Haller and Mary Hudgins his wife, and Roseau Parsons, are defendants, and if the said depositions are not taken at the first day, I shall continue from day to day until they are.
Yours, JOHN BOWE. July 14.

GRAND CELEBRATION, AT BALTIMORE.
Commemorative of the proud era of American Independence...
Remember AMERICANS! the laws, the rights, The generous plan of power delivered down...
GRAND PROCESSION.
General STARKER on horseback. THE BAND—Led by Mr. Wolf; whose appropriate music during the procession...
THE FARMERS—Three files of old and respectable Farmers, eight deep, preceded
A PLOUGH, Erected on a stage and guided by Tobias E. Stansbury, Esq. Driver, Mr. John Buck. In front of the stage, were planted two beautiful trees...
The tree is known by its fruit: Look at the people and judge of the government. On each side of the plough were sheaves of wheat and rye...
Mr. J. Merriam, mounted on a beautiful white horse, dressed in homespun and elegantly equipped, followed the plough as the Seward man.
Next followed capt. Joel Green on a stage with the harrow. On the front was a white flag inscribed with the words "Salvation to Democracy."
Then came two gentlemen with sickles in their right hands, and blue staves in their left, on the tops of which were fixed sheaves of luxuriant wheat.
Next followed a stage on which Mr. Sapp, with a cradle, performed all the operations of the art, on the grain which was placed before him.
Another stage succeeded on which a gentleman was very busily employed in threshing wheat and rye.
About four hundred farmers, with heads of wheat in their hats, followed, and closed this interesting part of the procession.
MILLERS—Headed by Mr. Baxley, to the number of forty, strongly marked on their cloathes and hats with the badges of their profession.
BAKERS—Handsomely dressed in white jackets, pantalettes and aprons; their number seventy six, besides many in the rear out of uniform.
BREWERS—Headed by Mr. McCaughn, number thirty. One of the trade carried a maah car, round which was entwined a vine of hops.
COOPERS—Preceded by a highly ornamented carriage, drawn by six beautiful horses, richly caparisoned, representing a Cooper's shop.
TAYLORS—Preceded by Messrs. Sheppard and Starr. Number about one hundred. On a stage were seated three men & a boy engaged at work.
BLACKSMITHS, WHITESMITHS, &c.—On a large stage, drawn by five horses, was erected a complete forge, at which several men heartily labored.
COACHMAKERS—With a standard emblematical of the profession, supported by 3 young men. The residue in files eight deep.
COPPERSMITHS, TIN-PLATE WORKERS, BRASS FOUNDRERS, & PLUMBERS—On a stage drawn by four horses were nine workmen employed at the various businesses.
WEAVERS—On a stage drawn by four horses, was a loom at work with the flying shuttle.
CARPENTERS—In number about four hundred and fifty, marched in the following order: 1st, seven persons, each displaying a design in architecture.
TEMPLE OF INDEPENDENCE, placed on a platform drawn by four horses, which was also a work bench and tools with two men at work.
WASHINGTON. In the centre of the whole was placed the standard (carpenters arms) borne by Mr. M. Hubbert supported by Messrs. Mewton and Waters.
And on the left—Error of opinion may be safely tolerated where reason is left free to combat it. JEFFERSON.
All in the procession had for their motto, printed on blue riband, fastened on the hat, "By union we prosper."
It is out of our power to convey an idea of the beauty of the temple which this patriotic body of citizens so speedily erected.
STONE CUTTERS—Preceded by Robt. Stewart, Esq. on a white horse; next the carriage drawn by six grey horses.
Then followed all the journeymen, closed by the apprentices, four deep. They all had white leather aprons tucked up at the left side.
STONE MASONS & BRICKLAYERS—Headed by Mr. James Mosher; a workman carried a flag richly ornamented, and the motto, "Bricklayers and Masons of Baltimore united."
PAINTERS & GLAZIERS—Headed by Messrs. Blorh and Thecker; on a stage drawn by two horses, driven by a workman, ornamented with a pallet and pencils.
PLASTERERS—Preceded by Mr. John Whitlock, in number about 35; with tools. On the flag was represented a man at work.
CABINET MAKERS—Mr. W. Cook, director. On a stage were two persons at work, who during the procession, actually made a patent swing cradle.
TANNERS, CURRIERS, &c.—The number about one hundred, under the management of Messrs. Miller, Jones, Matthews and Boyle.
BOOT & SHOE MAKERS—More than two hundred in number, headed by Mr. Barnaby and the other direction of seven gentlemen of the profession.
HATTERS—Were about one hundred & twenty in number, and preceded by that venerable patriot, David Shields, Esq.
SAIL MAKERS—Had a left erected, as it were in the second story of a brick building—master sail-maker, Mr. John Golden with several men at work.
ROPE MAKERS—Had a stage and eight persons at work, spinning and laying small rope, under the direction of Mr. John Calf, as foreman.
SHIP UNION. Timothy Gardner, Commander. John Murphy, Lieut. Henry Kirts, Boatswain, SEAMEN.
The ship was guarded by Captains Stiles, Deal, Chase, Helms, Lee, Snyder and Thompson, on horseback.
The UNION is twenty feet in length, mounts 20 brass guns, and is as completely rigged and equipped with sails as the best found ship.
PRINTERS, &c.—About seventy in number. Marshall, Messrs. Pechin and Tomin. On a stage drawn by six horses, were letter-founders, printers and book-binders at work.
The liberty of the press is the palladium of our civil and religious liberty. WASHINGTON.
precisely in such manner as vessels come to in the water. While the toasts were drinking they answered the cannon from the park with the greatest precision.
CAPTAINS, MATES AND SEAMEN—About three hundred in number, followed the ship in files of eight deep.
DRAYMEN—Mr. John Isler, chief manager, with assistants—number seventy-two, all nearly dressed in white, with white aprons, and with out coats.
MERCHANTS AND TRADERS—Headed by Alexander M'Kim, esq. our representative in congress, marching in files. Number about four hundred and fifty.
CITY COUNCIL and their Clerks. Register and Collector of the city. City commissioners and their clerks.
JUSTICES of the peace. Gentlemen of the bar. Judges of the several courts. Citizens and Strangers.
The van of the procession reached the Park about a quarter before twelve o'clock—the rear fully an hour after, this being the time requisite for it to come up here another magnificent scene presented itself.
The Grand Band of Music attached to Capt. Sheppard's Volunteer Company. SHIP JOINERS—Had a stage erected on which was a work-bench, with three men and two boys at work.
BLOCK AND PUMP MAKERS—Had seven hands at work in a shop erected on a wagon drawn by 5 horses; headed by Messrs. M'Myer and Jackson.
As the procession entered the park, a detachment from Capt. Jamieson's company of volunteer artillery saluted it with seventeen guns.
When the toasts were finished, the line of march was immediately resumed in the most excellent order; and the whole procession returned to the centre market, by Howard, Pratt, Haver, Market, South and Water streets.
A Watch Maker of Dublin, has discovered by repeated experiments, that platina possesses, on account of its imperceptible expansion, a great superiority over other materials for making pendulum springs of watches.
WILL be sold on the first day of August next, at William M. Douglas's Tavern in the Town of New Castle, TEN NEGROES to wit: Reuben a mulatto man, Miller Jack, Carpenter Davy, Tom, Spencer, Sukey, Patty and child.
MANNERSFIELD FOR SALE—The Subscribers offer the elegant and highly improved estate called Mansfield for sale.
FOR SALE—325 ACRES FARM LAND—On the 10th December next (if fair, or otherwise the next fair day), the Subscriber will offer for sale on the premises, a Tract of LAND situate in Buckingham county.
THE SUBSCRIBER, offers for sale, that elegant and valuable Estate, called WITTON, lying nine miles below Richmond.
WOOD LAWN for Sale—The Subscriber offers for sale, the tract of Land on which he now resides, lying throughout, on the main fork of Pamunkey River, in the County of Orange.
BY Virtue of a Deed of Trust, executed to us, on the 15th day of December, one thousand eight hundred and seven, by John Clarkson, and William Clarkson.
IN CHANCERY—In Louisa County Court, April 10th 1809. George Pottic and Charles Thomson, administrators of John Hawkins dec. Plffs. against William Meriwether and Robert Dickinson Defrs.
PRINTING, IN ALL ITS VARIETY, EXECUTED AT THE OFFICE OF THE ENQUIRER.
A GENERAL ASSORTMENT OF BLANKS, FOR SALE AT THIS OFFICE.