Virginia Argus (Richmond, Va.), 1805-07-27 00:00:00

VIRGINIA ARGUS
[VOL. XII.]
A FREE PRESS MAINTAINS THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE PEOPLE.
[1176.]
RICHMOND:—PRINTED (ON WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS) BY SAMUEL PLEASANTS, JUNIOR, PRINTER TO THE COMMONWEALTH.
[Four Dollars Per Annum...paid in advance.]
SATURDAY, JULY 27, 1805.
[12 1-2 Cents Single.]
THE subscriber desirous to close his business, in this place as soon as possible, is induced to offer for sale, the following
Valuable Property, viz :
A convenient two story dwelling house, 24 feet square, having one room and a passage on the lower floor, two rooms on the second floor, and two good rooms in the garret, a cellar with plank floor, and divided into three apartments, one used for cooking; the yard inclosed with a brick wall seven feet high, the whole in good repair. This tenement is situated near the Bell Tavern on the cross street, leading to the rock landing, and is insured in the mutual insurance company against fire in the state of Virginia, and the premiums paid.
Eleven unimproved half-acre lots on Shockoe Hill.
600 Acres military land in Kanawha county, on the waters of old town creek, a branch of Ohio River, being part of a grant made to George Mufe, Adams Stevens, Andrew Lewis and others, in the year 1772.
25 Tracts of land in Montgomery county, containing 32,172 acres, the whole patented in my name, viz :
4,000 Acres, surveyed 3d April, 1786, in Montgomery county, on Cole River.
3,080 Acres, surveyed 24th July, 1785, in the same county, on 16 mile creek, adjoining the late General Washington's survey, on Kanawha river.
3,064 1/2 Acres, surveyed 23d July, 1786 in same county, on the Loop waters of New river.
1,080 Acres, surveyed 13th May, 1786, in the same county, on the Ohio river
3,210 Acres, surveyed 5th April, 1786, in same county, south of a creek running into Cole river.
2,138 Acres, surveyed 21st Feb. 1787, in same county, on Cole river.
520 Acres, surveyed 3d, Feb. 1787, in same county, on the waters of Cooper's creek and Little Blue Stone.
1,300 Acres, surveyed 16th Feb. 1787, in same county, on the head waters of the south fork of Cole river, that heads against Guyandott.
95 Acres, surveyed 16th Feb. 1787, in same county, on the head waters of Glade creek.
78 Acres, surveyed 9th Feb. 1787, in same county, on a branch emptying into Glade creek, on the south side of the same, and about one mile above the ford of the aid creek.
500 Acres, surveyed 10th Feb 1787, in same county, on the north fork of Mud river, that heads against the Guyandott.
1,500 Acres, surveyed 12th May, 1786, in same county, on Ohio river.
2,000 Acres, surveyed 8th May, 1786, in same county, on Great Kanawha.
1,000 Acres, surveyed 16th May, 1786, in same county, on do.
263 Acres, surveyed 8th Feb. 1787, in same county, on the head of Glade creek.
214 Acres, surveyed 7th Feb. 1787, in same county, on the waters of Glade creek, on the south side thereof.
135 Acres, surveyed 6th Feb. 1787, in same county, on the west end of Joe's Ridge, land on the waters of Glade creek.
154 Acres, surveyed 6th Feb. 1787, in same county, on Joe's Ridge.
228 Acres, surveyed 6th Feb. 1787, in same county, on Joe's Ridge and the waters of Glade and Cooper's creek.
414 Acres, surveyed 22d Feb. 1787, in same county, on the second fork of Cole river, on the road crossing from Piney river, to Guyandott.
2,000 Acres, surveyed 26th Feb. 1787, in same county, under the big Pipe Stem Knob, and running down both sides of the creek.
416 Acres, surveyed 4th Feb. 1787, in same county, on the waters of Cooper's creek and Joe's Ridge.
380 Acres, surveyed 3d Feb. 1787, in same county, on the head waters of Cooper's creek.
3,233 Acres, by survey 20th Feb. 1787, in same county, on the south fork of Cole river.
1,345 Acres, by survey 2d Feb. 1787, in same county, on the head waters of Little Blue Stone, about half a mile north from the white oak Lick.
Three tracts of land in Monongalia county, patented in my name, viz :
350 Acres, by survey 1st June, 1796, in Monongalia county, adjoining Matthew Rukey's land, and the Randolph county line, on the waters of Cheat River.
400 Acres, surveyed 20th Oct. 1797, in same county, adjoining lands of Abner Harper, above the mouth of White Day creek.
400 Acres, surveyed 15th Nov. 1797, in same county, adjoining Peter Drage, on Pinche's run, to include an improvement made in the year 1773.
1000 Acres, in do. on the west of Cheat river, above the lands of Thomas Butler.
800 Acres, in do. on Buffalo creek, on a pre-emption right of David Gray.
230 Acres, in Greenbrier county, on Little Deer creek, adjoining the lands of Joseph M'Clurg.
891 Acres, in Montgomery county, surveyed 1st August, 1787, on the waters of Piney river, and Paint creek, waters of the Kanawha river.
435 Acres, in Montgomery county, surveyed 30th June, 1786, joining the lands of Joseph Eaton, Richard Muce and James M'Corkle.
230 Acres, in Wythe county, surveyed 4th Nov. 1795, on the Lead Mines Mill creek.
180 Acres, in Albemarle county, patent dated 5th July, 1787, on William Hill's creek, waters of Buck Island creek.
One undivided moiety of five lots in the town of Winchester, Nos. 89, 90, 100, 101 and 109.
The above will be sold very low, and the terms made known, on application to Wm. AUSTIN, Richmond, April 4th, 1805. wtf
THE subscriber offers for SALE, the three tracts of LAND, hereafter described, which will be sold on very moderate terms, as he expects to remove from the state of Virginia. One tract lies on Staunton river, about 5 or 6 miles below Bibb's ferry, containing 220 acres of valuable low grounds, and from 5 to 800 acres of high land. The improvements are inconsiderable, only such as will accommodate an overseer; the plantation is well calculated to employ about 8 hands to advantage. One other tract of high land, containing 500 acres, with a small plantation cleared, a good new dwelling house not quite finished. This tract lies about 8 miles from Bibb's, and about the same distance from Owen's ferry, and about 2 miles from where I live. One other tract, lying in Pittsylvania county, on the main road from Peytonburg to Danville, containing 300 acres, esteemed a good situation for a store and tavern; on this tract is a good orchard and some other improvements. As I shall be absent from the state for some months, I have authorised Capt. Charles Scott, of Prince Edward county, and Maj. Henry & Coleman, of Halifax, and either of them, to make sale of the whole or any part of the said lands. John B. Scott, June 21st, 1805. wtf
NOTICE.
A PETITION will be presented to the next General Assembly of Virginia, praying that an act may pass for the establishment of a ferry across Chickahominy river, from the lands of John Pierce, jr. in James City county, to the lands of Robt. Chandler, in Charles City county. July 16th, 1805. wtf
LAND FOR SALE AT PUBLIC AUCTION.
Will be sold, to the highest bidder, at Powhatan courthouse, on Wednesday the 21st day of August next, (being court day) that valuable tract of Land, whereon the late Mr. John Brown, dec. lived as a tenant; containing 564 1/2 acres; lying in the county of Cumberland, between the waters of Willis' and James Rivers—about three miles from Columbia and eight from Cartersville. The clearing on the said land commenced about nine years ago, and has continued to the present year, now amounting to two hundred acres, well inclosed, and in excellent order for cropping. The rents of the plantation at one fourth per annum, has amounted to more than one hundred pounds annually, for several years past. It is under a lease for the present year, ending on the 25th day of December next—the benefit thereof, with the land, will be given up to the purchaser, on the day of sale, the purchaser paying one fourth of the purchase money down, and giving bond with approved security for the other three fourths, payable in three equal annual payments, carrying interest from the date, if not punctually paid. And as further security, a deed of trust on the land will be required. Persons who feel disposed to purchase the above property, may have a view of the same by applying to Mr. Holt, who lives on the place, or to Wm. Mayo of Cumberland. ROBERT MAYO. Powhatan June 15, 1805. wtf
WHEAT FAN & WOVEN WIRE MANUFACTORY,
No. 7, Bridge-street, four doors north of Griffith's Bridge, Baltimore.
WHERE are made and sold, WHEAT FANS, first quality; ROLLING and other SCREENS, for wheat, barley, flax-seed, &c.; HAND RIDDLES and SLEVES, for coal, corn, barley, wheat, rye, oats, meal, brick-dust, flax seed, clover seed, cockle, lime, sand, &c.; SHAKES for Indian meal; WIRE SAFES; WOVEN WIRE for windows, &c. &c. AMOS SMITH, (Formerly West & Smith.)
N.B. A good assortment on hand. Any of the above articles will be delivered in Richmond, (on short notice) at the same prices as at the manufactory (exclusive of freight) on the orders being left with
SAMUEL PARSONS & SON, Near the Bason, of whom the prices may be known—who have now on hand, Wheat Fans, Wheat and Lime Sieves, and Meal Sieves, &c. of a superior quality.
P.S. WIRE SAFES, and a few tons BAR IRON on hand. 11th Mo. 1st, 1804 wtf
NOTICE.
ALL persons having claims against the estate of John Dixon, dec. are requested to bring them forward properly proved, in order that provision may be made for payment; and those indebted to said estate, are earnestly requested to make immediate payment, as the situation of the estate cannot admit of any indulgence. There are a number of pamphlets published for sundry gentlemen, on hand, which they are earnestly requested to make application for, and pay the different balances due thereon. Sally Dixon, Ex'x. Richmond, July 19th, 1805.
JUST PUBLISHED, And for sale, at the printing office and Book-Store of Samuel Pleasants, jr.
THE DEBATES, AND OTHER PROCEEDINGS OF THE VIRGINIA CONVENTION.
Subscribers to the above work are requested to call or send for their books without delay. June 19
ADVERTISEMENT.
WHEREAS Daniel & William Guerrant, late merchants of the town of New-Canton, by their deed dated the 9th day of February 1805, have assigned to us all their property, real and personal, for the benefit of such of their creditors as shall agree to the terms of said assignment; and whereas we have appointed Wm. Guerrant our agent for the collection and settlement of the debts, and all other affairs of said concern, all persons having claims against said Danl. & Wm. Guerrant will present them to him for settlement, and all those indebted to them are requested to come forward and settle their respective balances, by bond or otherwise, in which case the utmost accommodation will be allowed them in the time and mode of payment; those who fail to come forward and close their accounts, may expect suits will be instituted against them, as the situation of the concern requires a speedy adjustment of its affairs. Saml. Anderson, Ed. Cunningham, Wm. M. Thornton, James Rea. Trustees. New Canton, 6th May, 1805.
THE Trustees of the above mentioned Danl. & Wm. Guerrant, will offer for sale, to the highest bidder, in the town of New-Canton, on the first day of July next, the following property, viz. Eight likely Virginia born Slaves, A Single Chair, Harness, &c. and a valuable assortment of suitable GOODS for the present season, any part of which will be sold on very low terms by private sale, or a great bargain may be had, and a liberal credit given to purchaser who will take the whole stock on hand, by application previous to the day above mentioned, to Wm. Guerrant or the Trustees. Six months credit will be allowed the purchasers of the above property for all sums above ten dollars, on giving bond & approved security; lesser sums cash will be demanded. for. wtf
TEN DOLLARS REWARD.
RUN AWAY on the 14th inst. from the subscriber, in Powhatan county, a negro man named JOHN, about 35 years of age, 5 feet 9 or 10 inches high, his complexion yellow—the said negro was purchased by the subscriber of Samuel Clarke, of Chesterfield county, a negro whose neighborhood it is likely he is now lurking. Also, at the same time, a negro woman named DRENDY, about 20 years of age, middle size and dark complexion—she was bought about 18 months ago of Thomas Littlepage, of New Castle, in Hanover county. It is likely the above negroes will keep together as they went off at the same time. All masters of vessels and other persons are forewarned from carrying the above negroes out of the state, as the rigor of the law will be put in force against them. The above reward will be given to any person who will deliver the above negroes to the subscriber, living in the upper end of Powhatan county. Mick. Montague. July 17, 1805.
TO RENT,
A Brick Lumberhouse, on the bason.
FOR SALE,
German Oznaburgs, by the piece or bale. Genuine Medock Claret, of the vintage of 1801. In cases of 30 bottles. Sotorn Wine, of the vintage of do. each. A few dining and desert sets of elegant French China.
The above Wines are such as can be particularly recommended, having been laid in last September, at Bordeaux, by one of the partners, then on the spot, who took uncommon pains in the selection. Pickett, Pollard & Johnston. Richmond, July 22, 1805. 4w
LAND FOR SALE.
IN pursuance of an order of the High Court of Chancery for the Richmond district, will be SOLD, at public auction, on Monday the 23d day of September next, if fair, if not, the next fair day, on the premises, a valuable
TRACT OF LAND,
On the Little Bird Creek, in the county of Goochland, belonging to the estate of the late William Anderson, of London, dec. and known by the name of MASSIE'S, containing by a late survey 2312 1/2 acres, divided into four lots of nearly equal extent. About two thirds of the tract is now in woods, which is good tobacco land, and the part cleared has been but little worn. Terms of sale, will be one fourth in ready money, and three annual instalments for the balance. Bond with approved security, and a deed of trust upon the land will be required, to carry interest from the date if not punctually paid. Those inclined to view the land before the day of sale, will be shown it by Mr. George Toler, or Mr. William Toler, adjoining, who can give information of the manner in which the lots are laid off. Benjamin Toler, Agent In fact for the ex'ors of Wm. Anderson, dec. Hanover, July 20, 1805. tds
LAND FOR SALE.
IN pursuance of a decree of the High Court of Chancery for the Richmond District, will be sold, at public auction, on the premises, on Friday the 16th day of August next, for ready money.
The Tract of LAND,
Whereon Mrs. Lucy Crotch, adm'x. of John Crotch, dec. now resides, lying and being in the lower end of the county of Goochland, containing three hundred and fifty acres, be the same more or less, to satisfy the said Lucy Crotch, adm'x. of John Crotch, dec. the sum of money mentioned in the said decree. The Commissioners. July 20, 1805. 3w
Ready made PENS for sale here.
Translated for the Mercantile Advertiser.
CONSTITUTION OF HAYTI.—Concluded.
Of the council of state.
38. The generals of division and of brigade are of right members of the council of state, and they compose it.
Of the ministers.
39. There shall be in the empire two ministers and a secretary of state. The minister of finances having the department of the interior, and the minister of war having the marine department.
40—44. [Interior regulations respecting the ministry.]
Of the tribunals.
45. No one can interfere with the right which every individual has of being judged amicably by arbitrators of his own choosing, whose decisions shall be acknowledged legal.
46. There shall be a justice of peace in each commune. Any suit amounting to more than one hundred dollars shall not come within his cognizance. And when the parties cannot conciliate themselves at his tribunal, they may appeal to the tribunals of their respective districts.
47. There shall be six tribunals established in the cities hereafter designated, viz. at St. Marc, at the Cape, at Port-au-Prince, Aux Cayes, Lanse-a-Veau, and Port-de-Paix.—The emperor determines their organization, their number, their competence and the territory forming the district of each. These take cognizance of all affairs purely civil.
48. Military crimes are submitted to special councils and to particular forms of judgment.
49. Particular laws shall be made for the national transactions, and respecting the civil officers of the state.
Of worship.
50. The law admits of no predominant religion.
51. The freedom of worship is tolerated.
52. The state does not provide for the maintenance of any religious institution, nor of any minister.
Of the administration.
53. There shall be in each military division a principal administration, whose organization and inspection belongs essentially to the minister of finances.
General disposition.
ART. 1. To the emperor and empress belong the choice, the salary, and the maintenance of the persons composing their court.
2. After the decease of the reigning emperor, when a revision of the constitution shall have been judged necessary, the council of state will assemble for that purpose, and shall be presided by the oldest member.
3. The crimes of high treason, the depredations of the ministers and generals, shall be judged by a special council, called and presided by the emperor.
4. The armed force is essentially obedient, no armed body can deliberate.
5. No person shall be judged without having been legally heard in his defence.
6. The house of every citizen is an inviolable asylum.
7. It cannot be entered but in case of conflagration inundation, reclamation from the interior, or by virtue of an order from the emperor, or from any other authority legally constituted.
8. He deserves death who gives it to his fellow.
9. Every judgment to which the pain of death or corporal punishment is annexed, shall not be carried into execution until it has been confirmed by the emperor.
10. Theft shall be punished according to the circumstances which may have preceded, accompanied, or followed it.
11. Every stranger inhabiting the territory of Hayti shall be, equally with the Haytians, subject to the correctional and criminal laws of the country.
12. All property which formerly belonged to any white Frenchman, is incontestibly and of right confiscated to the use of the state.
13. Every Haytian, who having purchased property from a white Frenchman, may have paid part of the purchase money stipulated in the act of sale, shall be responsible to the domains of the state for the remainder of the sum due.
14. Marriage is an act purely civil, and authorised by the government.
15. The law authorises divorce in all cases which shall have been previously provided for and determined.
16. A particular law shall be issued concerning children born out of wedlock.
17. Respect for the chiefs, subordination and discipline are rigorously necessary.
18. A penal code shall be published and severely observed.
19. Within each military division a public school shall be established for the instruction of youth.
20. The national colours shall be black and red.
21. Agriculture, as it is the first, the most noble, and the most useful of all the arts, shall be honoured and protected.
22. Commerce, the second source of the prosperity of states, will not admit of any impediment: it ought to be favoured and specially protected.
23. In each military division a tribunal of commerce shall be formed, whose members shall be chosen by the emperor from the class of merchants.
24. Good faith and integrity in commercial operations shall be religiously maintained.
25. The government assures safety and protection to neutral nations and friends who may be desirous of establishing a commercial intercourse with this island, conforming to the regulations and customs of the country.
26. The counting houses and the merchandise of foreigners shall be under the safeguard and guarantee of the state.
27. There shall be national festivals for celebrating independence, the birth-day of the emperor and his august spouse, that of agriculture and of the constitution.
28. At the first firing of the alarm gun the cities will disappear, and the nation rise.
We, the undersigned, place under the safe guard of the magistrates, fathers and mothers of families, the citizens, and the army, this explicit and solemn covenant of the sacred rights of man and the duties of the citizen.
We recommend it to our successors, and present it to the friends of liberty, to philanthropists of all countries, as a signal pledge of the divine bounty, who, in the course of his immortal decrees, has given us an opportunity of breaking our fetters, and of constituting ourselves a people, free, civilized and independent.
Signed. H. CRISTOPHE, &c. (as before.) Having seen the present constitution: We, JACQUES DESSALINES, emperor of Hayti, and commander in chief of the army, by the grace of God and constitutional law of the state.
Accept it wholly, and sanction it, that it may receive, with the least possible delay, its full and entire execution throughout the whole of our empire. And we swear to maintain it, and to cause it to be observed in its integrity to the last breath of our life.
At the imperial palace of Dessalines, the 20th May, 1805, second year of the Independence of Hayti, and of our reign the first.
DESSALINES. By the emperor, JUSTE CHANLATTE, secretary general.
From Moore's "View of Society and Manners in Switzerland."
SUICIDE is very frequent at Geneva. I am told this has been the case ever since the oldest people in the republic can remember; and there is reason to believe, that it happens oftener here, in proportion to the number of inhabitants, than in England or any other country of Europe.
The multiplicity of instances which has occurred since I have been here is astonishing. Two that happened very lately are remarkable for the peculiar circumstances which accompanied them.
The first was occasioned by a sudden and unaccountable fit of despair, which seized the son of one of the wealthiest and most respectable citizens of the republic. This young gentleman had, in appearance, every reason to be satisfied with his lot. He was handsome and in the vigour of youth, married to a woman of excellent character, who had brought him a great fortune, and by whom he was the father of a fine child. In the midst of all these blessings, surrounded by every thing which could inspire a man with an attachment to life he felt it insupportable, and without any obvious cause of chagrin, determined to destroy himself.
Having passed some hours with his mother, a most valuable woman, and with his wife and child, he left them in apparent good humour, went into another room, applied the muzzle of a musket to his forehead, thrust back the trigger with his toe, and blew out his brains, in the hearing of the unsuspecting company he had just quitted.
The second instance, is that of a blacksmith who, taking the same fatal resolution, and not having any convenient instrument at hand, charged an old gun barrel with a brace of bullets, and putting one end into the fire of his forge, tied a string to the handle of the bellows, by pulling of which he could make them play, while he was at a convenient distance. Kneeling down, he then placed his head near the mouth of the barrel, and moving the bellows by means of the string, they blew up the fire, he keeping his head with astonishing firmness, and horrible deliberation, in that position till the farther end of the barrel was so heated as to kindle the powder, whose explosion instantly drove the bullets through his brains.

Though I know that this happened literally as I have related, yet there is something so extraordinary, and almost incredible, in the circumstances, that perhaps I should not have mentioned it, had it not been attested, and known to the inhabitants of Geneva, and all the English who are at present here.
Why suicide is more frequent in Great Britain and Geneva than elsewhere, would be a matter of curious investigation. For it appears very extraordinary, that men should be most inclined to kill themselves in countries where the blessings of life are best secured. There must be some strong and peculiar cause for an effect so preposterous.
Before coming here, I was of opinion, that the frequency of suicide in England, was occasioned in a great measure by the stormy and unequal climate, which, while it clouds the sky, throws also a gloom over the minds of the natives. To this cause foreigners generally add, that of the use of coal, instead of wood for fuel.
I tested satisfied with some vague theory, built on these taken together: But neither can account for the same effect at Geneva, where coal is not used, and where the climate is the same with that of Switzerland, Savoy, and the neighboring parts of France, where instances of suicide are certainly much more rare.
Without presuming to decide what are the remote causes of this fatal propensity, it appears evident to me, that no reasoning can have the smallest force in preventing it, but what is founded upon the soul's immortality and a future state. What effect can the common arguments have on a man who does not believe that necessary and important doctrine? He may be told, that he did not give himself life, therefore he has no right to take it a way: that he is a centinel on post and ought to remain till he is relieved: what is all this to the man who thinks he is never to be questioned for his violence and desertion?
If you attempt to pique this man's pride, by asserting, that it is a greater proof of courage to bear the ills of life, than to flee from them; he will answer you from the Roman history, and ask, whether Cato, Cassius, and Marcus Brutus, were cowards?
The great legislator of the Jews seems to have been convinced, that no law or argument against suicide could have any influence on the minds of people who were ignorant of the soul's immortality; and therefore, as he did not think it necessary to instruct them in the one, (for reasons which the Bishop of Gloucester has unfolded in his treatise on the Divine Legation of Moses,) he also thought it superfluous to give them any express law against the other.
Those philosophers, therefore, who have endeavored to shake this great and important conviction from the minds of men, have thereby opened a door to suicide as well as to other crimes. For whoever reasons against that, without founding upon the doctrine of a state, will soon see all his arguments overturned.
It must be acknowledged, indeed, that in many cases this question is decided by men's feelings, independent of reasonings of any kind.
Nature has not trusted a matter of so great importance entirely to the fallible reason of man; but has planted in the human breast such a love of life, and horror of death, as seldom can be overcome even by the greatest misfortunes.
But there is a disease which sometimes affects the body, and afterwards communicates its baneful influence to the mind over which it hangs such a cloud of horrors as renders life absolutely insupportable. In this dreadful state, every pleasing idea, is banished, all the sources of comfort are poisoned. Neither fortune, honors, friends, nor family, can afford the smallest satisfaction. Hope, the last pillar of the wretched falls to the ground. Despair lays hold of the abandoned sufferer. Then all reasoning becomes vain. Even arguments of religion have no weight, and the poor creature embraces death as his only friend, which, as he thinks, may terminate, but cannot augment, his misery.
FROM THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER.
There is no fact more undoubted than the universal evils resulting from war, as well to the victors as the vanquished nation; and yet this is scarcely a nation in modern times that has by her conduct illustrated the truth of the maxim. The United States have the rare felicity, the distinguished honor of having maintained in this respect with equal harmony and vigor her theory and practice. It is probable to this deportment that she owes more eminently her present prosperity than to any other circumstance that can be named. We may add that she will continue to be more indebted to this circumstance than to any other for the duration of her liberties and happiness. It becomes then an object of the first rate consequence to secure to a distant period this great result. How shall this be accomplished? In no way so effectually as by producing in the whole nation the strong and permanent conviction that peace ought to be maintained with the utmost care by all means consistent with national honor. We have seen, in many ages and in several parts of the world, that few barriers, so efficient, can be raised against the abuse of power, as the deep rooted opinions of a people, even when those opinions were the offspring of prejudice. If prejudice, universally diffused, has such extensive power,
can we doubt the irresistible weight of truth, under similar advantages?
It becomes from this consideration a duty of no light obligation in all who possess the power to use the means of enlightening the public on this point. This can only be accomplished by uniform conduct, and by proper explanations and illustrations uninterruptedly made. Such are the insidious and seducing charms of war, and so potent the passion of resentment for injuries, that there is a constant tendency in nations to abandon conciliatory measures, and to rush into an appeal to arms. To check this unrelenting spirit, chain the passions into subordination to reason is an arduous effort, requiring the constant, vigorous and united exertions of wise and good men.
If these remarks be just, it is at all times seasonable, by facts & argument, to shew, not only the general superiority of peace to war, but likewise the peculiar benefits which the United States have derived from peace, comparing their situation with that of Europe. There, if we pass in review the different nations, what do we behold but a prostration of their liberties, a destruction of their happiness and an extinction of their hopes. Never, perhaps, has that quarter of the globe lowered with a blacker sky, and never has she been the more afflicted victim of war than during a few past years. To go no further back than the era of the French revolution, we behold at that period, compared with this, a relative elysium. Then the different nations rested in security. There were some causes of animosity among them, for the ultimate adjustment of which an appeal might, perhaps, have been made to the sword. But, had that been the case, there was little prospect of the flames of war being marked by any considerable extension, or producing those dreadful scenes which have since disgraced the annals of humanity and justice. Never did reform wear a brighter aspect than at the commencement of that revolution. The whole French people, with holy enthusiasm, rose at one instant from their slumbers, and nobly vied with each other in patriotic sacrifices to liberty and their country. Under these splendid auspices the good work went on, until the allies, who had received no injuries, without cause carried their arms to the borders of France, and dared to invade ground sacred to liberty and human happiness. Here began to be unfolded the bloody scene, which is still vivid in the recollection of the reader. This was the Pandora box from which ten thousand plagues instantly rushed into the world. It is unnecessary to dwell on the successive acts of murder, rapine, and desolation which covered the greater part of Europe. It is sufficient, for our present purpose, to observe that not a nation who rose in arms against France has not reaped the rashness of their conduct. Belgium, Holland and Italy have sunk into vanquished provinces, where personal distress only keeps pace with national dishonor. Austria, Prussia and Portugal are subdued into perfect insignificance. Russia, secure in her distance, surrounded by her satellites, Sweden and Denmark, alone maintains her station among the powers of the earth. England, unfortunate England, worthy of a better fate, is doomed to a war, without the prospect of an end, and to exertions destructive of her peace, her safety, and her prosperity. With a people, towering in their habits of enterprise and industry, above all the nations of the old world, we behold the dreadful spectacle of more oppressive taxes, and more individual distress than is presented by any other nation of the earth.
It may be computed, on a very moderate estimate, that in Europe there are now under arms two millions of soldiers or sailors, and that their maintenance, with the incidental expenses of war, costs the annual sum of five hundred millions of dollars. This, then, is so much lost to the stock of national wealth, independently of its effects in withdrawing such a large portion of effective men from the plough and the loom, in leaving so many millions of wives and children to the precarious subsistence derived from their own labors, and of the increased consumption of those, who raising nothing themselves, are occupied in destroying the production of others. Who does not perceive that the inevitable effect of these things is to abridge the circle of innocent enjoyments of the lower classes of society, by raising their value so high as to deny them the means of obtaining them? How different would be the result if all the effective labor of communities were directed to the production of articles of utility. There would then be enough wholesome food and good raiment for all. No man would be poor, unless disabled from working by bodily infirmity, or unusual misfortune. Combining all the circumstances enumerated, we may safely estimate the loss of withdrawing two millions of men from labor, and the effects incidental to it, at an equal sum with that required for their maintenance, making together the annual amount of one thousand millions of dollars. Who is there that seriously considers the magnitude of this sum, and views the effects of the extensive deprivation (of which it is the representative) of the power of nations and the happiness of their subjects, that does not see that it is a million round their glory, destined ultimately to be attended by incalculable mischiefs.
With this rapid sketch, let us compare our own situation; and we shall be enabled to form a faint idea of the advantages and superiority of a pacific over a warlike policy.
For twenty three years past, we have maintained, amidst the distractions of Eu-
rope, a state of peace, which can scarcely be considered as disturbed by our differences with the Indians or the pirates of Tripoli. During this period, we have at no time had an army of more than three thousand men, nor incurred, it is believed, an annual expense of more than two millions of dollars. Taking the succession of years, the average expense did not exceed seven hundred thousand dollars. During the whole of this time we have been exempt from the carnage and desolations of war, and scarcely a human life has been sacrificed. Every man has been employed, according to the bent of his genius, in advancing his own interest. In a moral point of light, the condition of the United States has been so essentially different from that of the nations of Europe that there are two few points of resemblance to form any comparison between them.
In a pecuniary view more definite ideas may be formed. The population of the United States was five millions during the period of time referred to.
That of Europe may be estimated at two hundred millions. During this period, in maintenance of her peace the United States have employed three thousand soldiers; while Europe for the carrying on her wars has employed two millions. According to this proportion, an equal population in Europe has engaged 50,000 soldiers. The expense of supporting the army of the United States has been about 700,000 dollars a year; that of supporting the army of an equal European population twelve millions five hundred thousand dollars. Computing the loss sustained from the subtraction of labor occasioned by the military establishment at the same sum, it will follow that it has virtually cost the United States per annum one million four hundred thousand dollars, while it has cost an equal population in Europe the sum of twenty five millions, leaving an annual difference in favor of the United States of twenty three millions six hundred thousand dollars.
Supposing Europe to have been half the above term involved in war (and she has in fact been engaged in war more than half) and her peace to be one half of her war establishment, it will follow that the military expenses of a population of five millions in Europe during the past twenty three years have been 431,000,000 And those of the U. States 24,000,000
407,000,000 Making a difference of four hundred and seven millions in favor of the United States, and in favor of the pacific over the warlike nation. The effect will be the same, as if this immense treasure were taken from the one nation and transferred to the other; independently of the increased population of the one nation over the other. This sum is little, if at all, short of the whole amount of the wealth of a nation composed of five millions!
LATE FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.
BOSTON, July 17. By the ship Belvidere, capt. Schenk, arrived here yesterday in 43 days from Liverpool, we have received files of the London Courier, Messenger and Traveller, up to May 30, 1805—five days later than before received. They do not afford any addition of consequence to our former stock of intelligence.
LONDON, May 25. An officer of one of the ships lately captured by the Bold gun brig, gives the most formidable account of the number of the enemy's flotilla in the ports of Boulogne, Vimereux, Etaples, Calais, Ostend and Dunkirk. He swells the total amount to 5000: is confident that the attempt at invasion will be made this summer; that the French fleet will come out and fight ours, and that whilst they are fighting us with their ships of the line, their large frigates will release the flotilla from the different ports, and convoy them to our shores. The number of men encamped on the Boulogne coast is 50,000.
May 26. The foreign intelligence of the week is of trivial importance. Bonaparte is in Italy, alarmed little by the menaces of Russia; indeed, his fears from that quarter are about the same tone with our hopes, which have sunk a full octave within a few weeks. He knows there is little fear from paper proceedings, and this is the only artillery which the cabinet of St. Petersburg is likely to employ.
There is, however, a complete breach between Sweden and Prussia; the former power is supposed to be spirited up by Russia, and the latter is well known to have failed in a recent negotiation with that court. Austria is very jealous of the proceedings in Italy, and has augmented her cordon of troops to 80,000.
May 27. The complete cessation of diplomatic intercourse between the courts of Berlin and Stockholm which has taken place may be considered more as a misunderstanding between individuals than nations. It can have little effect upon the general interest of Europe. To the report that Russia has purchased the sovereignty of Swedish Pomerania, we cannot annex any credit.
May 29. A letter received yesterday from Cork, states, that that city had been thrown into some alarm, in consequence of an express having arrived there with orders for every armed vessel to put to sea with the greatest expedition and sail to the westward—from which it is inferred that the enemy had been seen in considerable force in that quarter.
May 30. Dispatches were received last night at the admiralty from admiral lord Gardiner, dated the 23d instant, stating, that on the 11th his majesty's frigate Lalaine in lat. 43 44, long. 20 48, west, fell in with five sail of the line and three frigates, (supposed from the West Indies) standing to the eastward. She proceeded to communicate the intelligence to the squadron off Ferrol, and vice-admiral Sir Robert Calder immediately went in pursuit, but not getting sight of them, he thinks they have effected their return to port in France. The channel fleet was left all well on Sunday last. Lord Gardiner has divided it into two detachments, one of which cruizes as the inshore squadron, and the other as the out.
The two sail of the line which we announced some time ago as having slipped out of Rochefort, are gone to the West Indies; they had about 13 hundred troops on board.
It has been conjectured in consequence of a letter received yesterday from Malaga, that lord Nelson has passed the Straights, and blockaded Cadiz.
The notification mentioned in this letter was, we have every reason to believe, in consequence of the official notice in our Gazette. We have intelligence from Cadiz of the 30th ultimo, which takes not the least notice of any squadron being off that port, and we have not heard that any of Nelson's intelligence had been received of lord Nelson's having passed the Straights.
The more we reflect upon the designs of the French, upon which the curious intercepted correspondence lately published, has thrown such strong light, the more we are convinced that an attack upon our Indian settlements, is one of their great objects. Some private letters received within a day or two from France, strengthen our opinion. They state in positive terms, that in a certain latitude, the combined fleets were to separate, and that seven sail of the line were to be detached to the East Indies, with 5000 troops on board.
Lord Keith has left town from Ramsgate, to resume the command of the ships off Boulogne. Madame Jerome Bonaparte has seen very little company since her arrival in London.
A letter from Paris, dated May 18, says—"I suppose you have heard that many of the United Irish are quitting this country for America; Dr. McNevin has resigned his commission in the Irish Legion, and is going there; Emmett is already there; Sampson, the barrister, and Sweeney, who killed Corbett in a duel, are also going."
It is reported, that some meanings of disaffected persons (some say of several thousand) have been lately observed in the county of Kildare, Ireland.
NEW-YORK, July 18.
Captain Ogilvie, from Malaga, informs us that the Carthagena fleet, consisting of eleven sail of the line, had got out of the Mediterranean. An idle rumor prevailed at Malaga that the British government had offered terms of peace to Spain, and had proposed as a preliminary to restore the frigates and treasure detained before the commencement of the war and to make restitution for the frigates which had been sunk; but that the Spanish government, irritated at the wanton sacrifice of its subjects in the action wherein the above vessels were taken, had rejected all overtures for pacification.
July 20.
The following interesting narrative has been received from Capt. Lee Smith, of the Brig Iris, of this port on his passage to Liverpool, dated
"At Sea, Tuesday morning, June 25th in lat. 41, 30, N. long. 57, W."
"DEAR SIR, "On Sunday last, in lat. 41, 50, long. 58, 30, I fell in with the brig Lion of New-York, a wreck, having no mast standing, no bowsprit, her head on, one mast along side, her quarter boards all good, her bulwarks nearly gone, and one anchor on the forecastle. A Boston brig was fast to her, and had been so for 34 hours; the men on board were cutting up the decks to get out the cargo. She was level with the water a midships, quarter deck all above water though she was full. I knowing her, told the master of the Boston brig her name, the captain's name, how long she had been out, and whither she was bound, desiring him to be particular in reporting her immediately on his arrival. He told me they had found one dead man on board, and that every thing appeared as if she had been struck with lightning. She sits upright as a dish; and this brig will no doubt get a great deal out of her, as she was light. I told the captain that the Lion had two good boats on board when she left New York; and, as so many articles were left unwashed away from the deck, I was in hopes the crew had been fortunate enough to effect their escape. I pray if any of them are gone in the boats, I pray God they may arrive at some port in safety."
I am, sir, your humble servant, LEE SMITH.
"P. S. I should have gone on board, to see the body of the dead man; but the wind blew fresh, and night was fast approaching."
"Should this be the first intelligence of this distressing event, be so kind as to inform the wife and family of capt. Clark, who reside at Brooklyn, and with whom I am intimate."
"I send this by the brig Star, captain Simmons, for Providence, R. I."
Yesterday arrived at this port the brig Eliza, capt Burgess, in 12 days from Havana. By this vessel we have undoubted information, that the combined fleet, or that part at least, composed by the Spanish ships under admiral Gravina, were confidently expected at Havana. It is no doubt true, that letters were recently received there, addressed to admiral Gravina, the Spanish admiral, directing to the care of the captain general of marines. It was currently reported, and believed that the Spanish part of the fleet, supported by some French ships would go to Le Vera Cruz, take in the treasure there, (said to amount to 25 millions of dollars) and touch at Havana on the homeward bound passage. This object is, doubtless, important enough to justify the report. In fact it was not doubted at all in Havana.
FREDERICKSBURG, July 23.
Extract of a letter from the supercargo of the schr. Jason of this port, to his friend here, dated May 21.
"I arrived here yesterday after a passage of only 25 days, and to a good market for the shippers. I have this day disposed of the cargo at the following prices—Flour 99s serl. corn 11s sterl. per bush. beans 16s 6d.—Two brigs came in last evening from Lisbon—produce very low there—flour only 9 dols."
"The Portuguese are very busy in building and repairing forts; and appear to be well convinced the day is not far distant when they are to receive an attack."
RALEIGH, (N. C.) July 22.
A respectable correspondent of Wayne county, has sent us the following melancholy and alarming account of the negroes
in that quarter, and the proceedings lately had against them. The statement is published in the gentleman's own words.
WAYNESBOROUGH, July 15.
"DEAR SIR,
"I take the liberty, from a sense of the danger which the white people of this state are in, to communicate to you one of the most shocking plots by the blacks imaginable. If you think it worthy of a place in your paper, it might serve to put people on their guard."
"We have been engaged in this county in the trying of negroes for poisoning the whites, ever since Monday last. One suffered death at the stake (was burnt alive) on Saturday last for poisoning her master, mistress and two others; two more are under sentence of death, and are to be hanged on Wednesday next. Thirteen are imprisoned under guard, a part of whom from the evidence, I expect will suffer death, and we are daily making new discoveries. Some have been brought from Sampson, others from Johnston, so that the plot appears to have been a general one. It is said by some of the prisoners, that the head men are to be poisoned first, and the rest are to be subdued; and after obtaining a sufficient number in slavery, the balance, if refractory, are to be put to death."
"We proceed this morning with the trials, and God only knows what the event will be. Six or eight light horsemen are continually on duty to bring up charged negroes, besides a strong guard of infantry about the prisoners. What raised the first suspicions in this business, was the death of one or two of our respectable men."
"We understand that one of the persons poisoned was a Mr. Jernigan."
CHARLESTON, July 15.
Extract of a letter from Savannah, dated the 11th inst.
"The British frigate Cambrian chased into the River St. Mary's the privateer that took the ship Two Friends, Captain McNeil, and afterwards sent in her boats and captured her, and with the privateer took possession of the two English prizes, lying in the river, and carried them all off together."
"We are informed that the above prizes had been sold in Savannah for 12,000 dols."
"On the 4th of June, the British sloop of war Kingfisher, of 20 guns, looked into Basseterre, Guadalupe; when the famous French frigates La Cybelle and Didon both slipped their cables, pursued, and brought her into port."
"A letter received by a gentleman in this city from a respectable character in Santo Domingo, dated the 25th of June, states that it was reported there, that the French and Spanish fleets had taken the Cape and Port-au-Prince; and that the Brigands had retreated to the mountains with great loss, without burning these cities."
VINCENNES, (I. T.) June 19.
The following is a letter from capt. Clark, to his excellency, governor HARRISON.
Fort Mandin, 1609 miles up the Missouri, lat. 47° 21' 47" N. long. 101° 25' 47" April 2d, 1805.
"DEAR SIR, "By the return of a party which we send from this place with dispatches, I do myself the pleasure of giving you a summary view of the Missouri, &c."
"In ascending, as high as the Kansas river, which is 334 miles up the Missouri on the S. W. side, we met a strong current, which runs from five to seven miles an hour, the bottoms extensive, & covered with timber, the high country is interspersed with rich handsome prairies, well watered, and abounds in deer and bear; in ascending as high as the river Plate we met a current less rapid, not exceeding 6 miles an hour; in this distance we pass several small rivers on each side, which water some fine diversified country principally prairie as between Vincennes and the Illinois, the bottoms continue wide, and covered with timber, this river is about 600 yards wide, at the mouth, not navigable, it heads in the rocky mountains, with the North River, and Yellow Stone river, and passes through an open country; 15 leagues up this river the Ottos and 30 Missouries live in one village, and can raise 200 men, 15 leagues higher up the Panca and Panca Republicans live in one village, & can raise 700 men; up the wolf fork of this river the Panca Louis live in one village and can raise 280 men; these Indians have partial ruptures frequently; River Plate is 630 miles up the Missouri on the southwest side. Here we find the antelope or goat; the next river of size ascending, is the Stone river, commonly called by the Ingasseis, Little River Destoux, it takes its rise in Lake Despicie 15 miles from the river. Demoir, and is 64 yards wide; here commences the Sioux country, the next river of note is the big Sioux river, which heads with the St. Peters and waters of lake Winnepie in some high wooded country; about 90 miles still higher up, the river Jacque falls in on the same side, and about one hundred yards wide, this river heads with the waters of lake Winnepie, at no great distance east from this place; the head of the river Demon is in Pelican lake between the Sioux rivers and the St. Peters, the country on both sides of the Missouri from the river Plate to that place has very much the same appearance; extensive fertile plains containing but little timber, and that little principally confined to the river bottoms and streams, the country east of this

and off from the Missouri as low as one river contains a number of small creeks many of which is said to be so much impregnated with Glauber salts as to produce all its effects, certain it is that the water in the small streams from the hills flow on the south west side possess this quality. About the river Jacqua Bruff a country contains great quantity of mineral, Cobalt, Cinnabar, alum, copperas, and several other things; the stone coal which is on the Missouri is very indifferent. Ascending 52 miles above the Jacqua the river Quicum falls in on the south west side of this river, is 1026 miles up, 50 yards wide, not navigable, it heads in the black mountains which run nearly parallel to the Missouri from about the head of the Kansas river and ends S. W. of his place. Quicum waters a broken country 122 miles by water higher, White river falls in on the south west side, and is 100 yards wide, and navigable, as all the other small streams are, which is not particularly mentioned, this river heads in some small lakes, short of the black mountains. The Mahan and Ponean nations rove on the heads of this river and the Quicum, and can raise 250 men, they were very numerous a few years ago, but the small pox and the Sioux have reduced them to their present state—the Sioux possess the south west of the Missouri, above White river; 132 miles higher, and on the west side, Teton river falls into it, it is small, and heads in the open plains; here we met a large band of Sioux, and the second which we had seen called Teton, those are great rascals, and may be justly termed the pirates of the Missouri, they made two attempts to stop us, they are subdivided and stretching on the river to near this place, having reduced the Ruars, and Mandans, and drove them from the country they now occupy, the Sioux bands rove in the country to the Mississippi. About 47 miles above the Teton river, the Chyanne river falls in from the south west, 400 yards wide, and navigable to the black mountains, in which it takes its rise, in the 3d range. Several bands of Indians but little known, rove on the heads of this and the river Plate, and are stated to be as follows. Chayenne, 300 men; Stactons 100 men; Canenaviech, 400 men; Cayawa and Wetahato, 300 men; Cataha, 70 men; Detame, 30 men; Memewoon, 50 men; Castahana, 1300 men; it is probable that some of those bands are the remains of the Padoucar nation; at 1440 miles up the Missouri, (and a short distance above two handsome rivers which take their rise in the Black mountains) the Ricaras live in three villages, and are the remains of ten different tribes of Panca, who have been reduced and drove from their country lower down, by the Sioux, their number is about 300 men, they raise corn, beans, &c. and appear friendly and well disposed, they were at war with the nations of this neighborhood. We have brought about a peace; between the Ricaras and this place two rivers fall in on the south west, and one on the north east, not very long, and take their rise in the open country; this country abounds in a great variety of wild animals, but a few of which the Indians take, many of those animals are uncommon in the U. States, such as white, red and grey bears, long eard mule or black tail deer, (black at the end of the tail only) large hare, antelope or goat, the red fox, the ground prairie dogs, (burrow in the ground) the beaver, which has a head like a dog, and the size of a small dog, the white brant, magpye, calumet eagle, &c. and many others are said to inhabit the rocky mountains.
I have collected the following account of the rivers and country in advance of this, to wit: at two days march in advance of this, the Little Missouri, falls in on the south side, and heads at the north west extremity of the Black mountains, six days further a large river joins the Missouri, affording as much water as the main river, this river is rapid, without a fall, and navigable to the Rocky mountains, its branches head with the waters of river Plate; the country in advance is said to be broken.
The trade of the nations at this place is from the N. W. and Hudson's Bay establishments, on the Affinneboin river, distant about 150 miles; those traders are nearly at open war with each other, and better calculated to destroy than promote the happiness of those nations to whom they have latterly extended their trade, and intend to form an establishment near this place in the course of this year.
Your most obedt. servt. WM. CLARK. NASHVILLE, (Ten.) June 5. A letter from gen. James Robertson one of the commissioners appointed to treat with the Chickasaw, Choctaw and Creek nations of Indians to a gentleman near this place dated, "Chickasaw nation, May 28, 1805," mentions that there is the most flattering prospect of concluding the treaty; that Geo. Colbert, had stepped forward and used all his exertions in favor of it, and that the commissioners would set out the next day for the Choctaw nation accompanied by the Chickasaw chiefs. NORFOLK, July 23. IMPORTANT!!! We have it from undoubted authority, that accounts are received in this place by the ship Minerva, from Cadiz, as late as the 2d of June, stating, "that the mission of Col. Monroe and Mr. Pinkney to the Court of Madrid had ended, and that not being able to bring the Spanish Government to accord on any one point, either as relates to claims of Territory, Spoliations, or the Convention of August, 1802, Mr.
Monroe had demanded his passport, and was about to leave Madrid immediately for London. The dispatches on this business have gone forward to the President, via Lisbon, and by the Cotton Planter to New-York."
Extract of a letter from a gentleman dated St. John's River. (Province of East Florida) July 9, to his friends in this borough, received by the schooner Betsey, captain Stewart. "You no doubt have heard of the capture of a ship, brig, and a sloop, that sailed out of Norfolk under British colours, by a privateer schooner from St. Augustine, commanded by captain Hooper. Those vessels arrived safe off St. Augustine bar, and there delivered the greater part of their cargo; the ship and brig drawing too much water to come over the bar, proceeded up St. Mary's river, together with the privateer, and were there moored under the Florida shore, at a place called Rose's Bluff, about one and a half miles from St. Mary's. On my arrival at St. Mary's, I there found an English schooner, tender to the British frigate Cambrian mounting 18 guns and 70 men, taken a few days previous by the Cambrian, and sent to St. Mary's, for the express purpose of re-taking those prizes, (the schooner was previously a French privateer, and had two American captains on board when taken.) She lay about one hour at anchor off St. Mary's, and then proceeded immediately up to the ship, which was prepared for action, and which had collected the whole force of the privateer, together with her own crew and the brig's, to make the best defence she could. She then, it was said, mounted 8 or 10 guns & 40 men, exclusive of some militia that had collected on the Bluff, within fifty yards of which the ship was moored. The tender brought up on a sand bank, with 120 or 150 yards of the ship, in a situation to expose her to a complete rake from every gun of the ship, when she could only bring her two bow guns to bear for a length of time; a severe fire from both parties commenced, and lasted for one hour, at the expiration of which time the tender manned three of her boats, and proceeded immediately to board, notwithstanding they were under a heavy fire of grape shot from the ship, and the militia from the Bluff."
"The boats on meeting so warm a reception from that quarter, proceeded on the other quarter between the ship and the Bluff, where they were exposed between 2 fires, & notwithstanding all these difficulties, boarded the ship, after striking the colours, there was not one Frenchman on board alive, whether any escaped to the shore or not is, as yet, not ascertained, nor was it known when I left St. Mary's, how many were killed on board the tender; yet from the intrepidity of both parties, and the spirited attempt of the English to board in so desperate a situation, many must have been killed, and no doubt but the tender received considerable damage, as she was aground the whole of the action. The Cambrian lies off St. Mary's bar. I was within half a mile of the scene of action, from the commencement, and can assure you it was a sight as grand as solemn. Excuse the unconnected account and impute incorrectness to great haste."
"The action commenced about 5 o'clock on Saturday the 6th July, and I left St. Mary's about 12 o'clock that night." We have conversed with an intelligent gentleman who came passenger in the sch'r. Betsey; he confirms the whole of the statements in the above letter, and adds, that one of the boats had to return to the cutter for a reinforcement of men, having the most of her crew killed in the first attack; he adds, that nothing could surpass the bravery displayed by the British tars on this occasion. The same gentleman informs, that on the privateers taking the sloop, which was bound to Bermuda, from this port, and belonged to two young men (brothers) who were on board, she fired into the sloop and killed one of them at the helm, and the other with two men was upset in going on board the privateer and drowned.
JACOB JOHNSON, Wholesale and retail Bookseller & Stationer, has for sale, at his store, a few doors below the Market-house, Richmond, THE Works of Laurence Sterne, A. M. in 5 vols; Smith's Wealth of Nations; Modern Geography, abridged by Davies; a general assortment of School Books, & a variety of others in the different departments of literature; Writing Paper of various sizes and qualities; Slates and Pencils, Sealing Wax and Wafers, Black and Red Ink and Ink Powder, Copying Ink Powder, for the copying press, Printing Ink, Parchment and Paste Boards, Receipt Books, Blank Books of all sizes, Wrapping Paper, and a variety of every Article in the Stationary Line. I. Having an extensive Book Establishment in Philadelphia, is enabled to sell on as low terms as any other house in the U. States—he therefore very respectfully solicits the orders of country merchants, &c. July 25, 1805. tf The highest price in CASH, will be given for Clean Linen and Cotton RAGS.
NOTICE A PLAINVILLE, respectfully informs the public, that he shall no longer continue to keep the HAY-MARKET GARDENS after the present month. He cannot give this notification, without offering his respectful acknowledgments to the visitors of the Gardens, for the patronage which he has experienced, since they came under his superintendence. July 23, 1805. Foolscap & Letter Paper For sale at this office.
VIRGINIA ARGUS. RICHMOND: SATURDAY, JULY 27, 1805.
FROM DEMERARA. A letter from a respectable gentleman at Demerara, (received via Barbadoes,) dated June 4, mentions that the shipping there were embargoed, including about 70 sail homeward bound English merchantmen from Surinam, Berbice, &c. The Americans were only allowed to land fish and timber, but in consequence of the embargo the governor had permitted the landing of provisions in small quantities on petitions. The embargo extending to colony boats, the sale of fish was totally prevented for the time; almost every article except fish was selling well—Sugars, were at 3 3/4 stivers. (Boston Post.)
The recent accounts by Americans who have been at St. Domingo concerning the government of the blacks, does not present so flattering a picture, as might be conceived from a consideration of the principles of their recent constitution. We have obtained a copy of their military code, which we mean to translate and publish to-morrow. This code and the constitution lately published, are said to be the production of general Mentor, formerly a deputy to the national convention, aided by Boisrond, Tonnerre & Charlatte, all blacks, and who are the draughtsmen of the emperor Dessalines' proclamations. The biography of the black chiefs, if we can rely upon report, is a curious evidence of the instability of human affairs, and an important lesson to the vanity of man. The "first emperor of Hayti," is represented as being originally a sweeper of the government house at the Cape, gen. Christophe is said to have been butler to gen. Rochambeau the elder during the American revolution.—Vernet the minister of the finances was an handicraft man, some say a taylor; and it is stated that none of these chief officers can read or write; and the emperor himself is represented as very recently engaged in going over his ab & etc. under the tuition of his secretary Clerveau, generals Pétion and Giffard are said to have been silver smiths; they are both mulattoes, and command the southern divisions—doubts are entertained of their fidelity to the imperial regime; and the same hatred which subsisted when Toussaint and ***** were prominent characters, has not subsided between the blacks and mulattoes. The blacks are the most numerous but the mulattoes are the most intelligent and best instructed, and compared with the blacks are more exemplary moralists, a quality described to be very rare in the empire. Contrary to what would seem to be dictated by every obligation of prudence and policy, the practical cultivators are said to be treated with great humanity; and among that class we are told from very respectable authority, a very general and sincere wish, prevails for the return of their ancient masters, or any masters rather than the present. The government of the blacks is not as full of confidence in its security or duration, as their constitution and rescripts would seem to indicate. Their military code is rigid and severe; and even flushed as they have been by the expulsion of Rochambeau, and the possession of all the ancient French ports and territory, they proved their want of discipline and courage before the walls of the city of St. Domingo; where their numbers were ten times greater than that of the force by which they were attacked. Above 2000 Spaniards taken by the blacks from time to time in the neighbourhood of St. Domingo city, have been sent prisoners to the interior, and have been employed on the plains of Artibonite and on the fort of Champ Marehand, whither the emperor contemplates to retire in the last resort of an attack by a French army or domestic insurgents. Under this condition of the island, the certainty of any state of things cannot be long calculated upon. The absence of the French armies, or the confinement of Ferrand's force to the city of St. Domingo, has contributed to revive cultivation for the time; and the crops of sugar promise to be considerable—that of coffee unusually plentiful. Nevertheless the black government owes to the Americans who have had credit to trust them more than three millions of coffee, and have not good faith to pay. (Aurora.)
By Brigadier General William Carleton Hughes, commanding his majesty's land forces in the colony of Surinam, and Lieutenant Governor of the same, &c. &c. I having been found necessary from representations made to the lieutenant governor, to order, that the neutral vessels trading to this port shall moor in a given spot, and not to be allowed, as heretofore, promiscuously to anchor amongst the other vessels; the harbor master is hereby authorised and directed to point out, below Fort Zalandia, the precise anchorage for neutrals—Further that no boat or punt shall be permitted to pass to or from such vessels before the hour of six in the morning, or after six in the evening, for the purpose of loading or unloading, and that after eight at night no communication whatever by boats of any description shall be allowed with said neutrals, unless in cases when urgent necessity shall be made to appear, under a penalty of 50 guilders for each offence. Given under my hand at Paramaribo in the colony of Surinam, this 8th day of May, 1805. WM. CARLETON HUGHES. Boules taken.—A letter from Benj. Hawkins, dated at Och ago Jaw, on Coossau river, the 20th of May, says, "The chiefs of the Creek nation convened on the 20th at this place, and were joined by a deputation from the Cherokees, Chickasaws and Choctaws;—on the 24th the Seminoles and other chiefs in opposition, with their leader, W. A. Bowles at their head, arrived, and on the 28th he was apprehended, confined in irons, and sent under a strong guard of Indians, by order of the chiefs, to governor Folch, of Pensacola, to answer for his crimes against the subjects of his Catholic Majesty in East and West Florida." N. Y. Gaz.
Captain Williamson, of the brig Jane, (who arrived on Wednesday last,) says, on his voyage he spoke the British frigate Pallas, capt. Cochran, and the Volunteer, of Jersey, by both of whom he was examined and treated politely. On the 6th of June at 11 o'clock, A. M. he saw several sail to the N. E. standing to the N. E. one of which hauled her wind and stood for him, at half past noon she fired a gun, and shewed British colors; capt. W. immediately hoisted his American ensign; at one, she being then to the windward, and close to the Jane, fired some small arms, on which she hove to; the Briton then ordered capt. W. to hoist out his boat immediately or he would fire into him; capt. W. informed him, that having broke the stern post of his boat in Bordeaux, he did not believe she would swim? On which this hero fired several musket shot through the brig's sails & rigging, and was preparing in a caronade on the quarter deck to fire into the Jane. Capt. W. then at the risk of his boat and people, hoisted her out and sent his mate and four people on board with his papers, which they effected with much risk, one hand being scarcely able to keep the boat free; she made so much water. The Jane's boat was scarcely on board, when the frigate's boat came along side the Jane, with orders for capt. W. to go on board, which he peremptorily refused to do, knowing no right they had to take him out of his brig, more especially as he had but two hands and no navigator on board. On the boat's return to the ship capt. W. was ordered to stand after the ship, which he was under the necessity of doing though it was direct contrary to the course he ought to steer, as they detained his mate and four people on board. At 4 o'clock capt. W. handed several of his sails and hoisted his colors half mast, 60 odd sail then in sight. At 6 o'clock the Briton discharged the Jane's people and boat, who after rowing two or three leagues, got along side of the brig about 8 o'clock in the evening, the boat being full of water, and nearly ready to sink. Captain W. thinks that the under officers must have been ashamed of the rascally conduct of their capt. as they would neither tell his name nor that of the ship—believes it was the Fairy. [Phil. Gaz.]
On Saturday last Luman Bishop, of Manchester, was apprehended in this town and committed to jail, charged with having passed a forged bond. Petersburg Rep. LIGHTNING. In no season have we had so frequent occasion to notice the severe effects of lightning, as the present. In the thunder storm on Monday, the 8th inst. the light-
of the power of the enemy to oppose them. The armament of the Spanish fleet at Ferrol was entirely completed on the 25th of March. (A late Paris paper.)
TRIPOLITAN SQUADRON. All the force to be employed the ensuing season, in the chastisement of Tripoli, has sailed for its point of destination. It will be composed as follows:     SHIPS. GUNS. COMMANDERS.     President 44 Commodore S. Barron.   Constitution 44 Capt. Cox.   Essex 32 Capt. Rogers.   Constellation 36 Capt. J. Barron.   Congress 36 Capt. G. H. Campbell.   John Adams 32 Capt. S. Decatur.   Syren 18 Capt. Shaw.   Argus 18 Capt. Stewart.   Vixen 16 Capt. Hull.   Nautillus (sch.) 16 Capt. Smith.   Enterprize (sch.) 16 Capt. J. Dent.   Capt. T. Robinson.  
Besides the above, there are two gun-boats captured from the Tripolitans, carrying one copper 29 pounder, and 2 brass howitzers each; ten gun-boats, each carrying 2 long 32 pounders, cutter-rigged; 2 bomb ketches, each carrying 1 13 inch mortar and 4 9-pounders.—Bost. pap.
PARAMARIBO. NOTIFICATION. By Brigadier General William Carleton Hughes, commanding his majesty's land forces in the colony of Surinam, and Lieutenant Governor of the same, &c. &c. I having been found necessary from representations made to the lieutenant governor, to order, that the neutral vessels trading to this port shall moor in a given spot, and not to be allowed, as heretofore, promiscuously to anchor amongst the other vessels; the harbor master is hereby authorised and directed to point out, below Fort Zalandia, the precise anchorage for neutrals—Further that no boat or punt shall be permitted to pass to or from such vessels before the hour of six in the morning, or after six in the evening, for the purpose of loading or unloading, and that after eight at night no communication whatever by boats of any description shall be allowed with said neutrals, unless in cases when urgent necessity shall be made to appear, under a penalty of 50 guilders for each offence. Given under my hand at Paramaribo in the colony of Surinam, this 8th day of May, 1805. WM. CARLETON HUGHES.
Boules taken.—A letter from Benj. Hawkins, dated at Och ago Jaw, on Coossau river, the 20th of May, says, "The chiefs of the Creek nation convened on the 20th at this place, and were joined by a deputation from the Cherokees, Chickasaws and Choctaws;—on the 24th the Seminoles and other chiefs in opposition, with their leader, W. A. Bowles at their head, arrived, and on the 28th he was apprehended, confined in irons, and sent under a strong guard of Indians, by order of the chiefs, to governor Folch, of Pensacola, to answer for his crimes against the subjects of his Catholic Majesty in East and West Florida." N. Y. Gaz.
Captain Williamson, of the brig Jane, (who arrived on Wednesday last,) says, on his voyage he spoke the British frigate Pallas, capt. Cochran, and the Volunteer, of Jersey, by both of whom he was examined and treated politely. On the 6th of June at 11 o'clock, A. M. he saw several sail to the N. E. standing to the N. E. one of which hauled her wind and stood for him, at half past noon she fired a gun, and shewed British colors; capt. W. immediately hoisted his American ensign; at one, she being then to the windward, and close to the Jane, fired some small arms, on which she hove to; the Briton then ordered capt. W. to hoist out his boat immediately or he would fire into him; capt. W. informed him, that having broke the stern post of his boat in Bordeaux, he did not believe she would swim? On which this hero fired several musket shot through the brig's sails & rigging, and was preparing in a caronade on the quarter deck to fire into the Jane. Capt. W. then at the risk of his boat and people, hoisted her out and sent his mate and four people on board with his papers, which they effected with much risk, one hand being scarcely able to keep the boat free; she made so much water. The Jane's boat was scarcely on board, when the frigate's boat came along side the Jane, with orders for capt. W. to go on board, which he peremptorily refused to do, knowing no right they had to take him out of his brig, more especially as he had but two hands and no navigator on board. On the boat's return to the ship capt. W. was ordered to stand after the ship, which he was under the necessity of doing though it was direct to the course he ought to steer, as they detained his mate and four people on board. At 4 o'clock capt. W. handed several of his sails and hoisted his colors half mast, 60 odd sail then in sight. At 6 o'clock the Briton discharged the Jane's people and boat, who after rowing two or three leagues, got along side of the brig about 8 o'clock in the evening, the boat being full of water, and nearly ready to sink. Captain W. thinks that the under officers must have been ashamed of the rascally conduct of their capt. as they would neither tell his name nor that of the ship—believes it was the Fairy. [Phil. Gaz.]
FROM CADIZ.—Capt. Seward, arrived here, informs, that there were five sail of the Spanish line, laying in the bay ready for sea; one of 140 guns, 2 of 74, 2 of 64, and 4 others were to drop down in a few days, and wait the arrival of 11 more from Carthagena, which were hourly expected.—There was no account from the Combined Fleet, since they left Cadiz; their destination was still a secret.—Capt. S. also informs, that Gen. Moreau, had had a friendly hint to leave Spain; and was to take passage either in the ship Sachem, of Wiswasset for Boston, or in the Washington, for New-Bedford. Boston Cent.
FROM MADEIRA.—Capt. Sawyer, arrived here, informs, that all was quiet at that island;—but that fortifications were erecting, by order of the Government of Portugal, being apprehensive her neutrality would be impeded.—Id. It appears certain that the Spanish government has combined, in concert with that of France, a vast plan of military operations, the execution of which will give a deadly blow to the power of England. The secret is hitherto perfectly preserved, and the extent of these plans will only be known at the moment when it will be out
struck the house of Mr. ZARA THO-... in Claremont, and killed two of his sons—one about 18 years of age, the other about 7; Mr. Thomas himself was considerably injured by the shock. The lightning, which entered the room, had the appearance of a ball of fire. Several persons, who were present, escaped injury. But the most singular effects of lightning that have come to our knowledge, was at Hillsborough, the day above mentioned. It struck one of the chimneys of the Rev. Jonathan Barnes' House, and demolished the same to the roof; when it entered the house in various directions, destroyed several posts, unhinged the doors, broke considerable glass in the different windows, melted some pewter, unsoddered the tin ware, and left the house almost a perfect wreck. But what is most remarkable is, that a flat-iron, which had been just set on the table, was melted, as well as some candlesticks at no great distance; and the nails of several chests in the chambers were entirely drawn out; and all this without the appearance of the effects of fire, except that some linen on the table with the flat-iron, was a little injured. No person was hurt. (New Hampshire Pap.)
EXTRACT. Taken from Dr. Ramsay's address to the people of the United States at the close of his history of the American Revolution. "LEARN wisdom from the misfortunes of other nations. Cultivate justice both public and private. Cherish and support a reverence for government, and cultivate an union between the east and the south—the Atlantic and the Mississippi. Maintain your own rights, and let others remain in quiet possession of theirs. Avoid discord, faction, luxury and other vices, which have been the bane of commonwealths. Practice industry, frugality, temperance, moderation and the whole train of republican virtues—Banish from your borders the liquid fire of the West-Indies, which, while it entails poverty and disease, prevents industry, and foments private quarrels. Venerate the plough, the hoe, and all the implements of agriculture. Honor the man, who with their own hands, maintain their families and raise up children—that are imitated to toil & capable of defending their country. Reckon on the necessity of labor, not among the curses, but the blessings of life. Diffuse the means of education and particularly of religious instructions, thro' your remotest settlements. Remember that there can be no political happiness without liberty. That there can be no liberty without morality; and that there can be no morality without religion."
ANECDOTE. A Dutchman and his wife, travelling, sat down by the road, exceedingly fatigued. The wife sighed, I wish I was in Heaven. The husband replied, I wish I was in a tavern. Oh, you rogue, says she, you always want to be in the best place.
VIRGINIA: In the Superior Court of Chancery, held in Richmond: BETWEEN Charles Yancey, Plaintiff, and William Lipscombe, David Bullock, executor of John Bullock, Nelson Crawford, William Crawford, John Crawford and Charles Crawford, executor of David Crawford and Robert Kimbrough, Defendants. ON motion of the defendant Robert Kimbrough, by counsel, the court this thirty-first day of May, in the year of our lord one thousand eight hundred and five, after considering the bill, answer of that defendant and exhibits, and hearing counsel in opposition to the motion, Ordered, that the decree awarded the twenty-fifth of October, 1803, to restrain the said defendant from departing out of the commonwealth, be discharged, on the said Robert Kimbrough giving security in the penalty of two hundred dollars, conditioned for performing the decree of the court in this cause. June the 8th, 1805. On motion of the plaintiff by counsel, the court this eighth day of June, in the year of our lord one thousand eight hundred and five, referred the accounts between the parties in this suit to one of the commissioners, to be by him examined, stated, settled, and to the court reported, with any special matters thought pertinent by himself, or required by the parties to be specially stated. A Copy—Teste, Peter Tinsley, C. C. COMMISSIONER'S OFFICE, Richmond, July 23, 1805. THE parties concerned are desired to take notice, that I have appointed Monday the twenty-third day of September next, for carrying into effect the foregoing decree, upon which day, their attendance is required at my office, with their papers and accounts ready for examination and settlement. Wm. Hay, M. C.
RICHMOND BATH. THE SUBSCRIBER HAS, AT CONSIDERABLE EXPENSE, ERECTED A BATHING HOUSE At the Falling Garden, CONTAINING four rooms—each has a Bath, and supplied with Hot and Cold Water, which is now ready for use. The terms will be 2s. 6d. for a single Bath, or one dollar for three times—and to prevent mistakes, none will be admitted without a Ticket, which may be had at my house at the Falling Garden—Two children may bathe for one ticket. A man is provided to give constant attendance at the Bath; and if the encouragement should warrant the expense, the plan is intended to be enlarged. James Lownes. 7th Mo 20th, 1805. N. B. No admittance for people of colour. FOR BALTIMORE, THE SCHOONER BETSY, WILLIAM PRICE, Master—Will sail the 30th of this month. For freight or passage, apply to the master on board, or to John Craddock, Rockeys. July 23d, 1805.
THE SUBSCRIBER HAS, AT CONSIDERABLE EXPENSE, ERECTED A BATHING HOUSE At the Falling Garden, CONTAINING four rooms—each has a Bath, and supplied with Hot and Cold Water, which is now ready for use. The terms will be 2s. 6d. for a single Bath, or one dollar for three times—and to prevent mistakes, none will be admitted without a Ticket, which may be had at my house at the Falling Garden—Two children may bathe for one ticket. A man is provided to give constant attendance at the Bath; and if the encouragement should warrant the expense, the plan is intended to be enlarged. James Lownes. 7th Mo 20th, 1805. N. B. No admittance for people of colour. FOR BALTIMORE, THE SCHOONER BETSY, WILLIAM PRICE, Master—Will sail the 30th of this month. For freight or passage, apply to the master on board, or to John Craddock, Rockeys. July 23d, 1805.

NOTICE. ALL persons indebted to the late firms of  Buchanan, Dunlop & Co. Of Petersburg;  Robert Pollok & Co. Of Richmond; and  Dunlop, Pollok & Co. Of Manchester, are hereby notified that James Dunlop, late a partner in the above concerns, has become pur- chaser of the outstanding debts; they will there- fore be pleased to make payment to Mr. John Tompkins, residing in Richmond, or the subscri- ber, residing in Petersburg; who alone are au- thorized to make collections and grant discharges. Suits will be indiscriminately commenced a- gainst all who do not make payment before the first of February next.
JOHN DUNLOP, Attorney for James Dunlop. Petersburg, Nov. 15, 1804.  TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD. RUN away from the subscriber about the end of Nov. or early in Dec. a black servant named SAM, I believe about 19 or 20 years of age, very strong and likely for a man of his age. He was seen in the neighborhood of this place some time after he absented himself, but from his connex- ions I have reason to suppose that he may be lurking about, or concealed by those connexions in the counties of Powhatan or Gumberland. I will give the above reward if he is brought to me in this place, or ten dollars if secured in a jail so that I may get him.  Ach'd. Freeland. Manchester, March 16, 1805.  BROKER'S OFFICE. THE SUBSCRIBER HAS Opened a Broker's Office, Opposite the Union Tavern, and over the Count- ing-house of Thomas and Amos Ladd. All bus- iness confided to him will be transacted with strict fidelity.  THOM. NORVELL. Richmond, October 3, 1804.
Forty Dollars Reward. RUN away from the subscriber liv- ing in Granville county, North Carolina, in March last, two bright mulatto fellows; one by the name of BARTLEY, about 35 years of age, he has but little to say, and appears to be ve- ry humble; he is a tolerable good Shoemaker and Cooper, about 5 feet 10 or 11 inches high, and he is a well set negro. GEORGE is about 23 years of age, about 6 feet high, spare made, but a very active negro, fond of drink, and a very forward saucy fellow. I expect they have ob- tained free passes and will endeavor to pass for free negroes; it is probable they are lurking a- bout Manchester, Richmond or Petersburg; they were seen in Manchester a few days past. Any person taking them up and confining them in jail, so that I get them, shall have the above reward, or 20 dollars for either, paid by the subscriber.  LEWIS HENING. June 5th, 1805.
THE HOUSE & LOT. ON Shockoe Hill, lately occupied by Mr. John Pendleton now nearly painted and repaired, and in every respect fit for the immediate reception of a family, having all ne- cessary out-houses, &c. Apply to Benjamin Wolfe, adjoining the premises, or to  Joseph Gallego. April 22, 1805.
BY THE GOVERNOR OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA.  A PROCLAMATION. WHEREAS it appears by the in- quisition of the Coroner for the county of Berkeley, that JOSEPH THRUSTON and JOHN THRUSTON, late of the said county, are charged with the murder of Barney Riley; & information has been received by the executive, that the said Joseph Thruston and John Thrus- ton, have fled from justice: I have, therefore, thought fit with the advice of the Council of State, to issue this proclamation—hereby offering a reward of Two Hundred Dollars, for appre- hending and conducting before the Coroner, or a Justice of the Peace, for the said county, or the said Joseph Thruston and John Thruston, the one Hundred Dollars for either of them, in or- der to their examination, touching the said mur- der: And I do moreover enjoin all officers civil and military, and exhort the good people of this commonwealth, to use their best endeavors to apprehend and conduct before the Coroner or a Justice of the Peace for the aforesaid county of Berkeley, the said Joseph Thruston and John Thruston, that they may be dealt with, as in such cases, the law directs.  Given under my hand as Governor, with the seal of the Commonwealth annexed, at Richmond, this 19th day of June, (L. S.) in the year of our Lord, one thousand eight hundred and five, and of the com- monwealth the twenty ninth.  JOHN PAGE. (Signed)
TEN DOLLARS REWARD. BROKE away last evening, a large stout made blood bay OLD HORSE, upwards of five feet high, 7 years old last spring, was shod all round about two months ago, but some of the shoes may now be off; he has a large head and small eyes, trots and gallops; if he has any other marks by which he might be distinguished, they are not recollected. He had on a saddle a good deal worn, with a hoggan seat and plated stirrups. The above reward will be paid on delivery of the horse and saddle to the subscribers.  Pickett, Pollard & Johnsten. Richmond, March 5, 1805.
FOR SALE.  TWO LOTS, HANDSOMELY situated in the town of New-Canton, on James river; on both are new and well built dwelling houses and of- fices; on one an excellent garden well enclosed, and the other containing one acre, with a good post and rail fence.—For further particulars en- quire of Messrs. William Anderson and James Lea of said place, who are legally authorised to sell and convey the same.  ROBERT HILL. New-York, 1st Feb. 1805.  The subscriber wishes to sell for cash, or on credit till the first day of January next, the  Two Brick Tenements, Adjoining the house of Mr. Benjamin Mosby.  JOHN PENDLETON. City of Richmond, Nov. 10th, 1804.  Just published, and for sale by S. Pleasants, jr. in an elegant pocket edition,  WATTS'S PSALMS, HYMNS AND SPIRITUAL SONGS.
(BY AUTHORITY.)  BY THE GOVERNOR OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA.  RI. MOND ACADEMY LOTTERY.  CLASS NO. II. 4000 Tickets at 10 dollars each. 40000 1 Prize of - - - - - 10000 1 of - - - - - 5000 5 of - - - - - 1000 20 of - - - - - 500 50 of - - - - - 100 50 of - - - - - 50 100 of - - - - - 25 40000
First drawn tickets after 500 are drawn, dollars. after 1000 500 after 1500 500 after 2000 1000 after 2500 1000 after 3000 1000 after 3500 1000 after 3950 10000
The above Lottery will certainly commence drawing the first Monday in November, or soon- er, if the tickets are sold.  Surry County, Virginia, 6th June, 1805. WAS committed to the jail of this county, on the 24th day of February last, a negro man who calls himself BOOKER, and says that he belongs to a Mr. Ezekiel Wal- den, of Northumberland county, but appears to be at considerable loss to tell whether in Mary- land or this state. He says that he left this coun- ty in April, 1804, in pursuit of his wife, which had been sold.—He is a stout well made fellow, about 23 years old, appears to have gone by wa- ter; and says that he sailed in the schooner John, to and from Baltimore. The said negro is now hired out agreeable to law. His owner is desir- ed to come forward, prove property, pay charges and take him away.  David Price, Keeper of the jail, Surry courthouse.
TO RENT, THE HOUSE lately occupied by Thomas Gilliat, and immediate possession given—Apply to  Gilliat & Kirby. Richmond, June 28, 1805.
WHISKEY. TALIAFERRO and DICKIN- SON, near the basin, keep a constant supply of Whiskey, distilled west of the Blue Ridge.  Richmond, June 5, 1805.
Geo. Watt HAS removed from the store he formerly oc- cupied to a brick house on the cross street leading from the main street to Shockoe ware- house, where he has on hand and offers to dis- pose of on moderate terms, by wholesale, The following Articles, viz: Loaf and Muscovado Sugars, N. England, W. Island, and Antigua Rum, Cogniac, Barcelona and Apple Brandy, Sherry and Malaga Wine, Coffee, of a superior quality, Molasses, Ginger and Fig Blue, Young, Mysore and Imperial Tea, 400 Sacks Liverpool Salt, Patent Shot, assorted sizes.—And The remainder of his Stock of Dry Goods, consisting principally of articles suited to the present and approaching season, which he will either sell on a credit of 3, 6 and 9 months, for notes negotiable at the Bank of Virginia, with approved endorser, or barter for Tobacco, Flour or Hemp. Cash given for Tobacco.  Richmond, 22d March, 1805.
MILLINERY. MRS. BUCKNER having com- menced business in Manchester in the line of MILLINERY & MANTUA-MAKING, re- spectfully solicits the patronage of her friends and the public.  She has on hand at present a small assortment of the articles necessary in that line of business, and shortly expects to receive from New-York an additional supply.  All commands from the country will be faith- fully and punctually attended to.
TO RENT, A BRICK HOUSE, adjoining the old City Tavern, well calculated for a Dry Goods Store. Apply to  Gallego, Richard & Co. May 29th, 1805.
FOUND, on Saturday the 2d inst. a Red Morocco POCKET BOOK, which the owner may get by applying to the subscriber and paying for this advertisement.  James Bootwright. Richmond, March 4th, 1805.
THE following hogsheads of To- bacco, remaining in Todd's Warehouse unclaimed, will be sold, the first day of Septem- ber, King and Queen court, agreeable to law, viz. Nov 5th, 1799, John Walden, I. W. No. 3 1108 122 986—March 28th, 1800, Anthony Seal, A. S. No. 55 1023 133 890—April 25th, 1800, Moses Pruitt, M. P. No. 67 1113 107 1005—May 15th, 1800, James Page, I. P. No. 96 1346 132 1214.  GABRIEL DIX. BENJN. JOHNSON. June 1, 1805.
NOTICE. ALL persons indebted to the es- tate of the late Thomas Price, and Mill- cent Price, his wife, of Powhatan county, will please come forward and settle their respective balances on or before the first day of September next—and all those who have any demands a- gainst said estate will bring them in by that pe- riod, legally authenticated for adjustment, as no further regard will be paid to any claims there- after.
SOME VALUABLE HOUSEHOLD AND KITCHEN FURNITURE, Six prime milk COWS, a likely young NEGRO FELLOW, by trade a Miller, a very handsome NEGRO GIRL, about 16 years old, will be SOLD, at the Woodbury Mills, in this county, on Friday the 23d of August next, if fair, if not, the next fair day. A credit of 9 months will be given on all sums above 10 dollars, on giving bond with approved security, bearing interest from the date.  Gottlieb Runge, Adm'r. Powhatan, July 20, 1805.  JUST RECEIVED, At S. Pleasants' Book-Store, Richmond, a very ele- gant assortment of the best  PEN KNIVES, Which will be sold by the single or dozen,
BY THE GOVERNOR OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA.  A PROCLAMATION. WHEREAS it duly appears to the executive that GEORGE DILLARD, charged by the inquisition of a coroner with the murder of Henry Willmore, late of the county of King and Queen, hath fled from justice—I have therefore thought fit, with the advice of the coun- cil of state to issue this proclamation, hereby of- fering a reward of One Hundred Dollars, to any person or persons who shall apprehend the said George Dillard, and convey him before the cor- oner or a justice of the peace for the county afore- said, to be committed to jail for examination, touching the said murder. And I do moreover enjoin all officers, civil and military, and exhort the good people of the commonwealth, to use their best endeavors to apprehend the said George Dillard, that he may be dealt with, as in such cases, the law directs.  Given under my hand as Governor, with the seal of the commonwealth annexed, at Richmond, this 5th day of June, in the (L. S.) year of our Lord, one thousand eight hun- dred and five, and of the commonwealth the twenty ninth.  JOHN PAGE. (Signed)
GEORGE DILLARD is five feet eight or nine inches high, tolerable fair complexion, short black hair, dark eyes, well set, and somewhat droops in the shoulders, slow and stiff of speech and of a smiling countenance when speaking, about twenty four or twenty five years of age; when he ab- sented, he had a large sorrel horse, about five feet high, some white feet, large white spots in his forehead and a snip on the nose.
STRAYED OR STOLEN FROM the commons of this city, on Thursday the 27th ult.—A BLACK HORSE, with a small white spot in his forehead, hanging mane and switch tail, about four feet ten inches high, supposed to be six years old last spring—he is a compact well made horse.—A liberal reward will be given on delivering the said horse to Mr. Na- thaniel C. Linscombe of Hanover, or to the sub- scriber in Richmond.  Spotswood Lipscombe. Richmond, Shockoe Hill, July 5, 1805.
TO BE SOLD.  AT PUBLIC VENDUE, At Gadsby's Hotel, in Alexandria, on Monday the 16th day of September, at 12 o'clock at noon.
ALL that TRACT OF LAND, late A. Prealy Thornton, Esquire's, situated in Northumberland county, Virginia, lying imme- diately on the Potomac river. The following description is given of this property, by persons well acquainted with it:—It contains 2,500 acres, 1,700 acres of which are the most valuable low grounds on the river, between 3 and 400 a- cres heavily timbered, and the remainder very highland extremely productive. The soil of this tract is equal to any in the state for the cultivat- ion of corn, wheat, tobacco, timothy and small grain of all kinds. On this tract are a large com- modious Brick Mansion House and two Offices, a large Brick Stable, valuable Barn, Cow House and many other out houses. The Orchards and Garden contain a number of valuable fruit trees, and the waters abound with excellent fish and oysters. It is situated about a day's sail from Baltimore, Alexandria and Norfolk. There are two good mill sites for grist and saw mills on the estate, and plenty of cedar and chestnut timber for which an excellent market may be found at the City of Washington.
The terms of sale are—one fourth cash, one fourth in one year, one fourth in 18 months and the residue in two years from the day of sale. The payments to be secured by bonds, with mort- gages on the premises, and to be on interest from the day of sale.  For further information, application may be made in behalf of the subscriber, Thomas Ro- binson, to Richard Peters, jun. attorney at law in the city of Philadelphia, or to William Lewis, in the same city, (Philadelphia.)  THOMAS ROBINSON. W. LEWIS. June 19, 1805.
NOTICE. THE partnership now carrying on under the firm of HUMFREY & FITZ- WHYLSONN, will be dissolved by mutual con- sent, on the 31st day of this present month. All those having claims against the said concern, are requested to bring them in to John Pumphrey for adjustment, and those indebted, to make imme- diate payment to him.  John Pumphrey. W. H. Fitzwhylsonn. July 9, 1805.
THE subscriber takes this method of inform- ing his friends and the public, that he intends carrying on the STATIONARY and BOOK BINDING business, in all their various branch- es, as usual.  JOHN PUMFREY.
JOHN PUMFREY returns his most grateful acknowledgments to his friends for the unbounded patronage which he has obtain- ed in the line of his profession; and he trusts no exertion on his part will be wanting to merit a continuation of their favors.  July 9 4w
TO BE SOLD.  FOR READY MONEY, in pur- suance of a decree of the Court of the United States, for the fifth circuit in the Virginia district, between Phineas Bond, attorney for the creditors of Ezekiel Edwards, Plaintiff, and Da- vid Ross and others Defendants, in order to raise the sum of 13001 Dols. with the expenses of sale, that Valuable Estate, in the county of Campbell, known by the name of the
Oxford Iron Works, Containing eighteen thousand and seventy four acres, more or less.—And in order to raise the further sum of 3665 Dollars 66 Cts. Will be Sold, at the same time and place, the STOCK OF EVERY KIND, as well the Stock on the different plantations, as that appertain- ing to the estate for carrying on the business.  WAGGONS, TEAMS, &c. The Sale will take place on the premises, on the 17th day of September next.  BEN. MOSBY, D. M. for JOS. SCOTT, M. V. D. July 5, 1805.
BOOKS, Just received and for sale at S. PLEASANTS' Book Store. Story's Pleadings Marshall on Insurance McNally's Evidence, 2 vols. Espinasse's Reports, 3 vols. Bosanquet and Fuller's Reports, 2 vols. East's Reports, 3 vols. Jones on Bailments, superior edition Peake's Evidence Barton's Equity Chitty's Reports Powers of Solitude Priestley's Lectures, 2 vols.
BY virtue of a deed of trust, exe- cuted to the subscriber by Charles Clarke, of the county of Chesterfield, to secure the pay- ment of a debt therein acknowledged to be due Lyle and McCredie, and the expense necessary to carry the trust into execution, will be sold, at public auction, to the highest bidder, for ready money, at Zachariah Brooks's tavern, in the town of Manchester, on Saturday the 27th July, inst. two hundred and twenty acres of LAND, more or less, lying in the county of Chesterfield, and ad- joining the lands of Col. John Marvis, John Ford, Alexander Saunders and Samuel Smith.  Richard B. Goode. July 2, 1805.
THE subscriber will sell at pub- lic auction, to the highest bidder, for ready money, at Zachariah Brooks's tavern, in the town of Manchester, on Saturday the 3d day of August next, two likely NEGRO BOYS, Nelson and Harrison; conveyed in trust by the deed of Andrew Scott, dec to secure the payment of a debt, interest and cost therein, acknowledged to be due Lyle and McCredie.  Richard B. Goode. July 2, 1805.
ON Saturday the 3d day of Au- gust next, will be sold, to the highest bid- der, at public auction, for ready money, at Zach- ariah Brooks's tavern, in the town of Manchester, a likely NEGRO BOY, about 19 years old, by the name of Harry, conveyed to me in trust, by Tho- mas Branch, of the county of Chesterfield, to se- cure the payment of a debt due to Lyle and M- Credie, and the expense necessary to carry the trust into execution.  Richard B. Goode. July 2, 1805.
WILL BE SOLD, at public auction, to the highest bidder, for rea- dy money, at Zachariah Brooks's tavern, in the town of Manchester, on Saturday the 3d day of August next, by virtue of a deed of trust, executed to the subscriber, by Richardson Harris, late of the county of Chesterfield, to secure the pay- ment of a debt due to Lyle and McCredie, and the expense necessarily incurred, FIVE NEGROES, viz: Sally, Killus, Charles, Phillis and Anaky, or so many thereof as will be sufficient to satisfy the debt, interest and cost.  Richard B. Goode. July 2, 1805.
Manchester Turnpike Company.  THE delinquent Shareholders, on the 7th requisition, are hereby notified, that such shares as shall remain unpaid on the first Monday in August next, will, on that day, be sold, at Mr. Brooks's tavern, in Manchester, at 12 o'clock in the forenoon.  James Brander, Cl'k. Manchester, July 2, 1805.
LAND FOR SALE.  OF THE LATE W. M. CROFFER'S ESTATE, DEC. ON Saturday the 14th of Septem- ber, at Paineville, in Amelia county, two tracts, in said county—one containing seven hun- dred and ninety acres, lying on both sides of Stock's creek and near Appomattox river, with- in three miles of Col. Skipwith's manufacturing mills, and five from Maj. Munford's, where the river is navigable to boats. This land is well a- dapted to the culture of corn, wheat and tobacco, and in good order for cropping, with every ne- cessary out house thereon, for the reception of a family—a good apple orchard, excellent water, and a healthy, agreeable neighborhood—a suffi- cient quantity of the land is cleared to work from ten to fifteen hands.
The other tract lying near Flat creek, contain- ing one hundred and thirty three acres, now in good order for cropping, sufficient to work four or five hands.—The improvements are a small dwelling house, a good granary & tobacco houses, a small apple and peach orchard. Possession will be given the first day of January next, and the purchaser to have the privilege of growing wheat immediately after the sale.—One third of the pur- chase money must be paid down, the balance in two equal annual payments. Bonds with approved security will be required of the purchaser, to bear interest from the date if not punctually paid, to the executors. It is deemed unnecessary to give further descriptions, as it is presumed those inclined to purchase will view the premises, which will be shown by Allen Jeter, who lives near to both tracts.  ALLEN JETER.  EDWARD WEBSTER,  DABNEY MILLER, June 22d, 1805.
VALUABLE COAL LANDS,  TO BE LET UPON A LEASE FOR YEARS.
THE Coal Lands at Dover, in the county of Goochland, joining Dr. John Ad- ams's coal pits and Mr. Graham's, belonging to the subscribers. The situation is uncommonly advantageous for coal works. The distance from the Maudlin ferry on James river, about 300 yards—the slope so advantageous as to render it extremely easy to construct wagon ways for transporting the coals to the river at little or no expense. There is a very fine landing on the ri- ver bank, belonging to the estates, for depositing the coals, from whence they can be conveyed in- to the boats by a wooden trunk, with great ex- pedition and ease. The situation is such as to enable the coalmaster to carry on the works for many years without interruption from subterra- neous water so troublesome and expensive at coal pits. The body of coal is considered very abun- dant, and not in the smallest degree exhausted, as there has been only one small shaft made on the edge of the land, and works so far as to prove the excellent quality of the coals and the ease with which they may be raised. We will attach to the colliery a SMALL FARM, if required, with- in one mile, with useful improvements. For fur- ther information apply to the subscribers at the city of Richmond.  David Ross. James Currie. Richmond, July 15, 1805.
New Jail to be Built.  THE subscribers are authorised by the County Court of Louisa, to receive PROPOSITIONS until August court next, for building a New Jail, at Louisa courthouse, 40 by 20 1/2 feet, 2 story high, of hard brick, underpin- ned with stone and covered with wood, to be com- pleted by the 1st day of August next.—500 dol- lars will be paid in advance, and the balance le- vied next October. For further particulars ap- ply to  Ralph Quarles,  Ro. Yancey,  Tho. Poindexter, July 10th, 1805.
FOUND, an old silver WATCH, near Four Mile creek, in the county of Hen- rico, which the owner may have on application to the subscriber, by proving property and paying cost of advertising.  James Vaughan. Curles, Henrico, July 17, 1805.
BEST TURNIP & CABBAGE SEED, For sale at ISAAC H. JUDAH'S Store. Richmond, July 16, 1805.
BY virtue of a decree of the court of Chancery for the Richmond district, will be sold, for the benefit of Eliza Perkins, for rea- dy money, on Monday the 2d day of September next, at Thompson's Old Ordinary, now in the occupancy of Mr. Edmondson.
A TRACT OF LAND, Lying in the county of Hanover, containing two hundred and seventy-five acres, being the tract wherein John Carter Littlepage now resides— Also, at the same time and place, and on the same terms, will be SOLD, the following NE- GROES, to wit: Peter, Lucy, Scotland, Johnny and Charles—to satisfy the deed of trust executed by the said Littlepage, to Robert White, with interest and costs.  Thomas Starke,  Samuel Richardson, July 19th, 1805.
FOR SALE,  THAT VALUABLE, HEALTHY AND  PLEASANT SITUATION, ON which the subscriber at present resides, containing between five and six hundred acres, lying in Amelia county, near Gen- to bridge. Terms made known by application to  Wm. Murray. Grove Brooke, May 13, 1805.
LINDLEY MURRAY'S SPELLING BOOK. Just received by Samuel Pleasants, jr. and for sale at his printing office and Book-Store, Richmond.  An English Spelling Book, With reading lessons, adapted to the capacities of Children, in three parts. Calculated to advance the learners, by natural and easy gradations; and to teach Orthography and Pronunciation together.  BY LINDLEY MURRAY, Author of "English Grammar adapted to the dif- ferent classes of Learners."
"An English Spelling Book from the author of the "English Grammar," will undoubtedly excite considerable expectation from those who have been in the habit of using the latter; and we doubt not that in process of time, the Spel- ling Book will have as many admirers as the Grammar has already obtained. We are glad to see that Mr. Murray has been careful in the right division of his syllables in his spelling; and that he has not followed the example of others, by introducing into his book a mass of irrelevant matter."—Imperial Review, Oct. 1804.
"We have before had occasion to commend the useful labours of Mr. Murray; and this lit- tle work (the Spelling Book) is an addition to them, which from its ease, clearness and precision, will prove greatly serviceable to the tender age for which