The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1807-10-10 00:00:00

The Enquirer.
PUBLISHED BY THOMAS RITCHIE, OPPOSITE THE POST-OFFICE AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM. (PAYABLE IN ADVANCE.)
VOLUME 4.]
RICHMOND, SATURDAY MORNING, OCTOBER 10, 1807.
[NUMBER 44.]
AT CITY POINT FOR ROTTERDAM,
The good fast sailing copper-bottomed Ship, RUSSELL, Capt. TABER, Now on her second voyage, is in complete order for the reception of cargo...
MR. LE TELLIER, DENTIST, Has returned to RICHMOND, and will remain in the place a few weeks, CONTINUING to practice in the different branches of his profession...
NEW-GLASGOW RACES. On Wednesday the 28th day of October, will be run for, a SWEEPSTAKE, for three years old Colts and Fillies, two mile heats.
A NEW SEMINARY Will be opened in Richmond the third Monday in January, for the tuition of young Ladies, by FRANCES T. HUGHES...
SELECT SCHOOL. FRANCIS S. O'REILLY begs leave to inform the public that he will open a SCHOOL on the 8th of this month...
WILL BE SOLD. At Public Auction, on the 12th day of December next, at the place of the Eagle Tavern, NINETY-TWO thousand, seven hundred and thirty acres of Western LANDS...
FOR SALE. The subscriber is desirous of selling his PROPERTY in this City. The purchaser will be accommodated with time if required, on giving satisfactory security.
FOR RENT. THE HOUSE lately occupied by Mr. Alston, and at present in the occupancy of A. Burr; will be offered, publicly, for rent, on the premises, to the highest bidder...
WANTED, FOR THE ENSUING YEAR, AN OVERSEER—None need apply but one who can come well recommended for honesty, sobriety, industry & a thorough knowledge of farming.
TEN DOLLARS REWARD. Deferred from my recruiting rendezvous in this town, on the 12th instant, JOSEPH WILLIAMSON, who was duly enlisted on the 15th day of August...
THE SUBSCRIBERS HAVE JUST RECEIVED A SUPPLY OF COLOGNE MILL-STONES, OF DIFFERENT SIZES, WHICH will be disposed of for Cash or approved negotiable Notes at 60 days.
LIVERPOOL, Sale in Sacks, Green Coffee, Holland Gin, Virginia Wine in Quarter Casks, Soft fluted Almonds, October 3.
MARSHAL'S SALES.
WILL be sold, to the highest bidder, for ready money, under a decree of the court of the United States for the fifth circuit, in the Virginia district...
BEN. MOSBY, D. M. FOR JOSEPH SCOTT, M. V. D. August 7th, 1807.
BY consent of the parties, the sale above-mentioned, is postponed till the 15th day of October next, when it will take place at the Oxford Iron Works...
At a Court held for Henrico County, at the Court-House, the ninth day of September, 1807. Joseph Wheatley & Company, vs. IN CHANCERY.
A Copy. Teste. ADAM CRAIG, c. c. Sept. 22.
In King William County Court, August 25th, 1807. Lawrence Mule, vs. IN CHANCERY.
THIS day came the complainant by his counsel, and the defendant Thomas Reeves, not having entered his appearance and given security according to the act of Assembly...
A Copy. Teste. RO: POLLARD, Jr. D. C. C. Sept. 1.
THIS day came the complainant by his counsel, and the defendant Thomas Reeves, not having entered his appearance and given security according to the act of Assembly...
A Copy. Teste. RO: POLLARD, Jr. D. C. C. Sept. 1.
ANTHONY PELZER, TEACHER of the FRENCH LANGUAGE, at Doh. Haller's Academy, respectfully informs his friends and the public in general, that his EVENING SCHOOL is actually open...
By virtue of a deed of trust, executed to me by Mr. William G. Garner, for the purpose of securing the payment of a certain sum of money...
CERTAIN MESSAGE and TENEMENT, whereon is a brick House, forty-five feet long and twenty-four feet wide, two stories high...
By virtue of a deed of trust, executed to me by Armstead Ruffell, for the purpose of securing to Bartholomew Dandridge, the payment of one thousand two hundred and nineteen pounds and eight pence...
TRACT of LAND, lying in New-Kent county, called Pointersville, containing six hundred and thirty-five acres...
FALL GOODS.
KIRBY, DRAKE & TAYLOR, Are now receiving by the ship Rolla from London, A LARGE AND HANDSOME ASSORTMENT OF FASHIONABLE GOODS.
HANOVER JOCKEY CLUB. On the second Monday in October next, a SWEEPSTAKE will be run for at Hanover Court-house...
TEN DOLLARS REWARD. DESERTED from my recruiting rendezvous, in this city, on the 12th of the present month, PETER E. BUTLER...
DAN AWAY on Saturday last, a bright mulatto man named HARRY JACKSON, about 35 years old...
JOHN ALCOCK, Informing his friends and the public at large, that he has just received, and is now opening, next door to Messrs. Proffer and Moncur's vendue, a large assortment of MERCHANDIZE.
TO BE SOLD, BETWEEN five and six hundred acres of a well known Tract of LAND, in the neighborhood of New-Castle, and county of Hanover...
By virtue of a deed of trust, executed to me by Armstead Ruffell, for the purpose of securing to Bartholomew Dandridge, the payment of one thousand two hundred and nineteen pounds and eight pence...
By virtue of a deed of trust, executed to me by Armstead Ruffell, for the purpose of securing to Bartholomew Dandridge, the payment of one thousand two hundred and nineteen pounds and eight pence...
Land in the State of Ohio FOR SALE.
THE subscriber wishes to sell a Valuable Tract of LAND, in the State of Ohio, containing one thousand acres. This tract is of excellent quality, as the subscriber has understood from most respectable information.
FOR SALE, THE BRICK HOUSE and its appurtenances, consisting of a good brick Kitchen, Garden & Well of good water...
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, THAT A PETITION will be presented to the next Virginia Assembly, to authorize the subscriber to build a BRIDGE over Pamunkey River, from New-Castle to the opposite side.
The Enquirer.
RICHMOND, 10th OCTOBER.
TRIAL OF AARON BURR.
MOTION FOR COMMITTMENT. SATURDAY, Sept. 26.
Gen. Wilkinson's Testimony continued. Q. Was the letter exhibited to the Legislature? A. It was introduced; but I confined myself to oral communications.
TO BE SOLD.
By virtue of a deed of trust, executed to me by Armstead Ruffell, for the purpose of securing to Bartholomew Dandridge, the payment of one thousand two hundred and nineteen pounds and eight pence...
established? A. I think in the year 1795 or 1796, but not delivered to col. Burr at that time, Mr. Botts. Who originally devised the cypher? A. That you hold in your hand (the Hieroglyphics) was devised partly by myself and partly by capt. Campbell Smith.
Col. Burr. What was the mode adopted by you of sending round the prisoners? By public vessels? A. No. My plan was to engage passengers on board private vessels, and to lay in a double stock of stores for their accommodation.
MONDAY, Sept. 28, 1807.
The court did not sit on this day in consequence of the indisposition of col. Burr.
TUESDAY, Sept. 29th.
The examination of the witnesses was resumed on the part of the United States, altho' col. Burr was full unable to attend on account of his indisposition.
Gen. Eaton requested permission to introduce a letter which he had just received from Stephen Pynchon...
Gen. Eaton. From this letter I am enabled to state, that when I passed thro' Washington, in the month of December, 1805, on my way to the northward, there was some intimation that this project of separating the union was in embryo.
Mr. Botts. Were there variations between this original letter in cypher, and that sent on to the President? A. Yes. Mr. Botts. Were they noticed by you, or by Mr. Duncan in your presence?
Mr. Botts. When were the Hieroglyphics agreed upon? A. To the best of my recollection, the Hieroglyphics which refer to the alphabet were formed about the change of the administration, after the induction of the President.
Copy of a letter from Stephen Pynchon to General Eaton. September 22, 1807. My Dear Sir, The toasts "Paley to the brain that will not draw to defend the (or our) union," about which Burr has asked questions, was, as you have correctly stated, printed at Springfield.

The sentiment was given by you, as a toast at the time of your entertainment to the citizens of this place, as a compliment for what you termed services you had received from them. I did think, and do still think, that it was, when given, entirely new, and that it had never before been given by you to the public in any other place. The sentiment was a bold and pleasing one to me. I accordingly selected it as one which would appear to others. I know not that it may not have been published before. If it had been, that circumstance was unknown to me. At any rate, it was published at Springfield by your permission, was given by you as a toast in my hearing in this place, and received my entire approbation; although I knew not the particular application of it, or the circumstance out of which, I am now certain, it grew. I mean the conspiracy.
I know not, sir, whether this will ever reach you. If it should be so, I am sure it will be serviceable. I therefore send it. Your last letter, with its accompanying paper, was enigmas. I am, however, at no great loss to conjecture its meaning. I hope my conjecture of its import is correct. At any rate, no man can more cordially wish, than I do, that if it be correct and an anticipated event take place, God may be with you, and give you safe delivery from evil.
With him your friends must leave you, desire him to take paternal charge of you, and conduct you to his happiness and glory. No news. I therefore only add, farewell—and that I am very cordially, yours, &c.
Gen. EATON.
TUESDAY, Sept. 29. Gen Wilkinson addressing the judge. From the rapidity with which the interrogatories were put, and the promptitude of my answers when last before you, I fear some misapprehension may have occurred; I therefore beg leave to explain the facts to which the interrogatories appeared to be pointed, which I trust I shall be able to do clearly, concisely and satisfactorily.
The only explanation of the cyphered letters of col Burr, transmitted by Swartwout & Bollman which I have made, was done hastily and by piece meal at Natchitoches; I think I have called this an imperfect interpretation, and I have done so, because although it gave me their full sense, yet by omissions and abbreviations, it could not be well understood by another. On reflection, I think it was from this document, and not from notes, that the purport of col Burr's letters, were given to the legislative council and representatives of the territory of Orleans. I find the summons from the house, bears date the 15th of January last, and I believe the examination commenced the 17th. It lasted two days, and therefore I cannot recollect the particular course or circumstances. I find by references to my papers, that certain documents were submitted to the clerk to be read under restrictions, and it is probable I carried with me to the house, all the papers respecting the subject of enquiry. I have some impression that this same document was proffered to the grand jury, to aid them in their interpretation of the cyphered letters of col Burr, but I cannot speak with certainty. This examination lasted several days, and like that before the legislative council and representatives of the territory of Orleans, was diffuse, desultory and complicated, and therefore it is impossible for me to charge my memory with minuteness. The interpretation of Mr. Duncan, was made the 25th or 26th of December, 1806, twenty days before my examination by the legislative council and representatives of the territory of Orleans. I did not transmit an interpretation of the cyphered letter to the President, but I well recollect explaining it to Mr. Isaac Briggs, the confidential messenger sent with my letter of the 12th of November who was charged also to make oral communications to the President. By reference to the original letter, it will be found that a deposition is attached to it; this was done preparatory to the transmission of it to the President, as was my intention by a special messenger, but the fear that it might be lost changed my determination. I kept it in my possession and brought it with me. Referring to col Burr's letter of the 10th of October, 1800, I have said, that I believed the cypher depending on the book, was formed at that year, yet it may have been afterwards. I perfectly remember, that about that period, col Burr informed me he had to send 150 miles for the counterpart of the book, and also in answer to a letter, I wrote him from the frontier of Georgia, the Oconee river in the year 1802, he then being in Charleston, he informed me he could not write as freely as he wished, as he had not the cypher with him. In accounting for the erasure of the duplicate of col Burr's letters, I have mentioned the apprehension which I had been excited of my being an accomplice of col Burr's, and that I was preparing for his reception. This device had excited much alarm, and the friends of government were so inclined, that I was cautioned by Silas Dinsmore, Esq. to take care how I moved, as I was in danger of being tarred and feathered. After Gen. Wilkinson had finished his address to the court, Mr. Martin asked him if he had the original translation of the cyphered letter of col Burr. His answer was, I have not. I have looked for it, but cannot find it. Gen. Wilkinson then said, that he wished to present the deposition of Capt. Walback, formerly a member of his family. It went to explain his very general habit of corresponding in cypher. (See the deposition of capt. J. B. Walback.)
Mr. Wickham. Have you ever accurately deciphered the letter sent to the President? A No. I have said before that the only interpretation I ever made, was hastily done at Natchitoches. Mr. Wickham. Then you are not able now to point out the difference between Mr. Duncan's translation and the original letter? A Specifically I cannot; substantially I can. Such parts were left out as were calculated to inculpate me for the reasons already stated. Mr. Wickham. I observe one of the cyphers is in hieroglyphics designed in 1799 or 1801. A That is erroneous. When the hieroglyphics were formed, they were taken from a small slip of paper and annexed to that in your hand to prevent its being lost. Q Can you tell when they were made? A I cannot precisely. I have before stated the time as nearly as I can. Q Can you tell upon what occasion they were made? A For the purpose of communicating with col Burr. Q Do you recollect your having sent a letter to col Burr, from St. Louis, in May or June 1805? A I have such an impression, but have not the most distant recollection of its contents. (Mr. Wirt submitted it to the court whether it could be proper for the opposite counsel to interrogate Gen. Wilkinson as to a letter which was in their own possession. If they meant to rely upon the letter as evidence, they ought to produce it. He considered it unfair to select such parts as might tend to inculpate gen. Wilkinson, and keep back those which would tend to an explanation of his conduct. Mr. Wickham said it was their own paper, and they were not bound to produce it if they thought proper. Their object was to cross-examine the witness and see whether he was consistent with himself. This they had a right to do. The Chief Justice said that the question would not be permitted to have any bearing on the cause unless the letter was produced. Any thing drawn out of the letter would not be testimony unless the opposite party who had it in their possession would exhibit it to the court. But it was obvious that they had another object which was to ascertain the consistency of the witness. Mr. Wirt. If the object be to shake the credibility of the witness, it is not fair to him and to the conduct of the cause to exhibit the whole letter? Mr. Baker. A very ingenious mode has been adopted by the gentlemen. We put the questions, and they undertake to furnish the answers, without leaving it to the witness to do it himself. We do intend to shake the credibility of Gen. Wilkinson, and to make him produce the letter to him. Mr. McRae. I understand the court to say that the examination as to the contents of the letter itself have no effect unless the letter itself be produced. Chief Justice. Gen. Wilkinson says that he has no recollection of the contents of the letter. The subject matter of the letter cannot be established by the examination. But the witness may be cross-examined for the purposes avowed by the opposite counsel.
Mr. Wickham. Do you recollect that you did write to col Burr in 1805? A I have before stated that I have such an impression; but I have no recollection of the contents of any communication made to him, altho' I remember the motive which induced me to write. Mr. Wickham. You have no recollection of any particular expression? A No. Except in a letter of October or November 1805—2. Q Have you no recollection of any expression or sentiment expressed in your letter of 1805? A I have no recollection. Q Was it your expression that we should have a war with Spain? A It was my opinion; and there was a very general impression that we should have a war with that power. Q Do you recollect writing any thing respecting the measures of the government, in relation to a war with Spain? Have you no recollection of any opinion expressed in a letter to colonel Burr? A I do not recollect having expressed any opinion respecting the measures of the government. The only expression of which I have any idea, is one used in a letter of October or November 1805, in which, I believe I say, "I fear Miranda has taken the bread out of your mouth." Mr. Wickham. There were letters published from you while in the neighborhood of the Spaniards. Have you copies of those letters here? A I have the whole correspondence. Mr. Wickham. We only want the letters of September and October, which state that war with Spain is inevitable. Gen. Wilkinson. I think I may have said so, and I believe that I have papers here which throw some light on the subject. Here are my instructions to the officer who commanded the troops when they left St. Louis. (Gen. Wilkinson handed to Mr. Wickham copies of his instructions to col. Cushing.) Mr. McRae. What is the date of those instructions? A The 6th and 8th of May 1806. Gen. Wilkinson said that he would, with pleasure, submit the whole correspondence, if he could do it consistently with his own ideas of propriety. But there were contained in it such secret military operations, as it might be improper to expose. Mr. Wickham. I think you state that at that time, the expectation of a war with Spain was very general? A It was so; and if my instructions to col. Cushing can be read, they will show my own impressions. (Here Mr. McRae read the instructions of Gen. Wilkinson to col. Cushing, of the 6th and 8th of May 1806; for which, see notes K and L.)
Mr. Wickham. I think you have said that there was an universal expectation of a war with Spain, about the time when the troops of that nation crossed the Sabine? A Yes. I have said so. I had made arrangements for a general attack. Mr. W. To what cause are we to attribute the accommodation which took place between the two armies? A To a wish to spare the effusion of blood; and, perhaps, because on one side there were reluctance to fight. Q On which side? A On the side of Spain. Mr. Wickham. Can you tell the particular motive which induced them to re-cross the Sabine, and change their position? A I think I can explain them. Immediately on my arrival at Natchitoches on the 24th of September, I addressed a letter to Governor Cordero, whom I considered the Commander in Chief of the Spanish forces on that frontier. I communicated to him my orders from the President, and urged him, on the ground of right and of humanity, to withdraw his troops from the east of the Sabine and re-cross that river. Whether this or the vigorous preparations for offensive operations which I immediately commenced on my arrival at Natchitoches, produced the effect or not, I cannot tell. But the fact is that the Spaniards about the 27th of the month, raised their camp at Bayou Pierre, marching by their right into the highway from Natchitoches to Nacogdoches, about twenty miles in my front, pursued that route, and re-crossed the Sabine about the 29th or 30th.
Mr. Wickham. Was this after you had received the cyphered letter? A No. It was some time before. Mr. Wickham. Had you any correspondence with the Spanish commandant, on the subject of col. Burr's expedition against Mexico? A None. The earliest communications which I made on that subject were after my return to Natchez. Mr. W. Has the jurisdiction of the United States ever been exercised as far as the Sabine? A I cannot tell. Mr. W. Was it in consequence of instructions from the government that you concluded the convention with the Spanish commandant? A No. Mr. W. I do not recollect whether that convention has ever been published. A Never. Mr. W. Have you any copy of that convention? A Yes. But until it shall be the pleasure of the government to publish it, I do not think myself at liberty to divulge its contents. I do not think it reconcilable to the duty of a military commander to anticipate his government in the publication of official communications. Mr. Wickham. Were there any secret articles in that convention? A None. There was but one article. Mr. W. Was there any sum of money agreed to be paid on either side? A Not one cent. Mr. W. You note two letters to the President, one of the 21st of October, and the other of the 12th of November, 1806. Have you a copy of that of the 12th of November; and will you give me leave to ask whether that letter was before the Grand Jury? A It was submitted to the Grand Jury. (Mr. Wickham said that they called for a copy of that letter. If the counsel on the other side thought proper to oppose it, they might do it at once. Mr. Hay. We shall certainly oppose the production of the letter. The President has been consulted on the subject; and he has excepted such parts as he thought it would be improper to produce. The Chief Justice remarked, that after the President had been consulted, he could not think of requiring from gen. Wilkinson the exhibition of those parts of the letter which the President was unwilling to disclose. Mr. Wickham. The whole letter having been before the Grand Jury, and acted upon by them; we certainly have a right to call for it also.) Mr. Wickham. Were the Spaniards in considerable
force on the East side of the Sabine? A They were reputed to be so. Mr. Wickham. What was the strength of the army of the United States? A About 800 effective men. Mr. Wickham. What orders did you receive from the government in the months of December & February last? A I cannot say what particular orders I received during those months. Owing to the frequent changes of my position, I was for more than six months without orders. But it is impossible for me to answer the interrogatory to the extent in which it is put, without subjecting myself to severe military penalties. Nothing can be more improper or dishonorable than to divulge military orders of a secret or confidential nature. (Mr. Wickham. There can be no doubt but under the sanction of the oath which general Wilkinson has taken he may be compelled to give testimony as to the points on which he has been interrogated. In England, nothing is more common than for the most secret transactions to be disclosed in a court of justice. Considerations of delicacy in the witness have never been permitted to have any weight.—Mr. Hay. There is a material difference. Those were cases between individuals; this is a communication from the executive government. We are not at liberty to dive into the secrets of the executive department to know what orders they give to their agents, and to proclaim those orders to the world; orders which were given for the public good. There can be no doubt but the public good does require that various orders of the government should forever remain a secret. Mr. Wickham. The gentleman did not understand my question. I asked gen Wilkinson what orders he had received from the government in relation to col Burr.) Mr. Wickham. Did you receive any orders to attack col Burr and his party? A That question may require some qualification. Mr. Wickham. Did you send any officers in disguise to take col Burr? A I sent three. Mr. Wickham. Their names? (Mr. Hay said that he did not think gen Wilkinson was bound to answer such questions; that he was not bound to furnish evidence against himself, or to subject himself to prosecution. Altho' he believed that the exigencies of the times would justify the measures which general Wilkinson had adopted, it was left with himself to determine whether he would answer the question or not. Gen Wilkinson. If the question goes to criminate myself, I presume that I am not bound to answer it. Chief Justice. Would Gen Wilkinson be subjected to an action for false imprisonment to apprehend col Burr, unless he had been seized? Mr. Hay. It may go to criminate him as a military man. He may have acted without orders. Mr. Wickham. I do not presume that he acted without orders; but under the orders of the government. The Chief Justice said, that he could not perceive the application of the evidence; but as evidence was introduced to shew the flight of col Burr from Washington, this he presumed, was intended to account for it.)
Mr. Wickham. Will you state the names of the officers sent to apprehend col Burr? A Captain Hook, Lieutenant Peter, Lieutenant Muford, Doctor Davidson, of the army, and Doctor Carmichael of the Mississippi Territory. Mr. Wickham. Did you direct them to go without uniform? A I believe I did. Mr. Wickham. Did you direct them to conceal the object of their mission? A I feel great delicacy in revealing my orders. (Gen. Wilkinson's Testimony to be continued.)
Deposition of Capt. J. B. Walback. I had the honor to become acquainted with General James Wilkinson some time in August, 1799; became attached to his military family in December, 1800—was appointed an aide-camp in the spring following, and continued in that capacity until the 1st of November, 1804. During the above period, I have witnessed that General Wilkinson did employ cyphers of different kinds in his correspondence, among them was an English pocket dictionary. Several of these cyphers I have made myself, designed copies of some of them are still in my possession, and others I have recognized since my arrival at the city of Richmond. Particularly one to the late General James Jackson, and another to the late Major General Alexander Hamilton, a third to a Mr. Hulings, then at New Orleans, a fourth to Col. Cushing, a fifth to Mr. Silas Dinsmore and one to myself. Several of these were projected in 1802 and 1803, at the time the port of New Orleans was shut, and for the purpose of procuring and conveying intelligence to the government. Question.—Did you ever observe in Gen. Wilkinson any art or disposition, which marked an intention to his duty, as to the zealous and faithful discharge of the trust reposed in him as an officer of the United States? Answer.—From my own observation and experience, (being now nearly twenty-six years in military life) I can declare that I have never known an officer more zealously devoted to the service in which he was engaged, and I can firmly declare, that I have never seen an officer of Gen. Wilkinson's rank, voluntarily and cheerfully expose himself to such privations, hardships and sufferings in the course of his duty, as I have seen him meet with alacrity. Question.—Do you know the hand writing of Captain C. Smith? Answer.—I do. Question.—Are these Hieroglyphics of his writing? Answer.—They are. Question.—Are they the same which were employed by Col. Burr in his correspondence with General Wilkinson? Answer.—They are the same which were employed in Col. Burr's letters, shown me since my arrival at the city of Richmond, and said to be delivered by Messrs. Swartwout and Bollman to General Wilkinson. Question.—Do you recollect when Capt. C. Smith left Gen. Wilkinson's family? Answer.—Some time in July, 1801. Question.—Do you think Gen. Wilkinson afterwards saw or was near him? Answer.—I am certain not, because Gen. Wilkinson did not return from the Mississippi until May, 1804, and Capt. Smith resided in the state of Maryland, and died in the winter 1803 or 1804. Question.—Have you seen General Wilkinson employ the pocket dictionary, now presented to you in writing cypher? Answer.—I have. Question.—Will you say in what year? Answer.—I am not positive as to the year, but it was during the period, I was attached to his military family. Question.—Did you hear a sentiment from General Wilkinson, calculated to disaffect the troops, or to abate their zeal for its promotion? Answer.—No, on the contrary, I have witnessed that General Wilkinson always used his utmost endeavors to promote harmony, comfort and good order among the troops, and by his precepts as well as example, to insure subordination and patriotism. (Signed) J. B. WALBACK, Capt. Artillery. I am content that the above shall be read as evidence in all cases, between the United States and Col. Burr—and that any thing which may be added by the affiant, by way of answer to interrogatories may also be read. (Signed) GEO: HAY, Atty. U. S. for the Richmond District.
City of Richmond, ss. Sworn to and subscribed before me an aldernan of the city aforesaid, this 3th day of September, 1807. (Signed) Henry S. Shore. (K) St. Louis, May 6th, 1806. Sir, You are to embark to-morrow, and will sail early the next morning with Lockwood's and Strong's Cos. for Fort Adams. On arriving there, you are to add Campbel's company to your Detachment, and must proceed without a moment's unnecessary delay, up Red River to Natchitoches, where you are to take the command. The point of your destination being deemed at present a critical one; it is desirable your companies should be kept complete to the establishment and for this purpose you are to make such disposition of the recruits ordered from Tennessee or elsewhere as may be found necessary. Your remote position from the Post East of the Mississippi, renders it convenient and necessary that they should, as heretofore, report directly to and receive orders from Head Quarters, but the commandants are to report to you monthly, and will be liable to your orders as senior officer of the District, whenever the public service may require the interposition of your authority, which should be made with due caution to avoid clashing with the arrangements which may issue from Head Quarters. The Posts West of the Mississippi are subject to your immediate command, and are to be governed accordingly.—You are to appoint General Courts Martial within the limits of your district and are to decide on all sentences which may not affect a commissioned officer agreeably to the rules and articles of war. At the distance which separates us, it would be vain and presumptuous to prescribe precise rules for your conduct in command, where, the occurrence of incidents and change of circumstances may be so unexpected and variable as to baffle anticipation and to render positive orders destructive to the interests of the country. You are therefore, to meet the public service with a sound discretion and will be held responsible for events.—The trust is a high and important one; but it is with singular pleasure I can observe that my long experience of your judgment and capacity leaves no doubts on my mind, the result will justify the public confidence, and prove honorable to your name and profession. I will therefore submit one observation only to your consideration; it is that you should not fail to employ the force confided to your command, wherever it may be found most necessary to protect or defend the rights and interests of our country within the sphere of your authority. With the warmest wishes for your Fame and Happiness, I am, Sir, Your faithful friend, and obedient servant, JAMES WILKINSON. Col. TH: H. CUSHING, } 2nd Regt. Infantry. } (L) Instructions from General Wilkinson to Col. Cushing. St. Louis, May 8, 1806. 1 o'clock, A. M. Sir, Advice yesterday received from Major Porter, makes it my duty to direct the acceleration of your movements by every practicable means, and I trust that in the present state of the waters, you may reach Fort Adams on the 20th inst. On arriving at that post, the information you may receive must determine the course of your conduct: should the Spaniards have resumed their positions East of the Sabine, or assumed a menacing aspect at Nacogdoches, you must add to your command every man at Fort Adams excepting a mere locum tenens , leaving orders at that place for Lt. Col. Kingbury to fall down to the mouth of Red river and there wait the return of a sufficient number of your barges for his transport to the high grounds, from whence it may become expedient for you, to march the whole of your command excepting the boats crews. I hope Major Porter may have taken the precaution to transmit the executive a copy of the information he has forwarded to me, and that you may receive from that source, at an early period, decisive instructions for your government; in the mean time, that war be our trade , it is not only opposite to the genius and disposition of our country, but also to its substantial interests. The sword must not, therefore, be drawn but in the last extremity, to punish outrage, to repel invasion, or repel an attack. Should indications justify it, (and you must take measures to ascertain, if possible the designs of your neighbors,) you are to call to your aid, every man who can be safely spared from the garrison, under your orders, and will employ every pains and exertion, to put them in the highest state of fitness for offensive operations. You will find in the hands of Major Porter an order from the Secretary at War, which might justify you in pushing your neighbors beyond the Sabine River, should they have re-crossed it to the Eastward. But as it appears from the public prints that a pacific negotiation has, on our part, ensued these orders, you must not strain their construction to favor the effusion of blood, and involve our country in the certain calamities and uncertain events of war. Learn with all possible precision, the force, composition and station of the troops opposed to you; be yourself prepared for combat, and if a conflict must ensue, having previously animated your men by a strong exhortation, and sworn your officers, in their presence, to fall or conquer, make your onset with the bayonet, and your own glory: the honor of our arms, and the interests of the nation, will be enforced and maintained. Wishing you life and laurels, health and fame, I am, Your faithful friend, and fellow soldier, JAMES WILKINSON. Col. T. H. Cushing, 1st Regt. U. S. Infantry. P. S. You are to take with you from Fort Adams an 8 inch Howitzer, which you will find there properly equiped and simply ammunitioned.
Latest Proceedings. This important enquiry is at length approaching its crisis. The examination of evidence has closed, and the argument commenced. On Wednesday the court met at 12 o'clock, and adjourned at an early hour, in consequence of an indisposition in Mr. Wirt's family which detained him at home. During the session of the court Dr. John Brackenbrough and Joseph Gabel, Esq. two of the grand jurors, were examined as to certain points of Gen. Wilkinson's evidence delivered to the Grand Jury. On Thursday, Mr. Bodley was again called in at the instance of the Prosecution to answer certain enquiries relative to col. Burr's contract with col. Lynch.—He was followed by GEN. WILKINSON, who made certain explanations contradictory to maj. Bruff's statements; among which gen. W. particularly traced the nature of his connection with col. Burr during late years. He also propounded a variety of questions to maj. Bruff. Here the evidence on both sides closed: excepting one or two witnesses who are avowedly expected by both sides. The counsel for the U. S. except Lieut. Jackson of the Chickasaw Bluffs: The accused have not avowed the name of the witness or witnesses whom they avowedly expect. Mr. Hay then opened the argument about half after two, and continued speaking till after 4. Yesterday Mr. Hay resumed his argument and continued till 12. He was followed by Mr. Randolph, who closed, a few minutes before 4.—A summary of these arguments hereafter.
This day the argument will be resumed by Mr. Martin. One Glance at LUTHER MARTIN, Esq. That our readers may understand a little more of the character and motives of this celebrated lawyer, we lay before them the following affidavits. We are, however, satisfied that most of them will require no other evidence of his disposition than the tone and tenor of his speeches on the present prosecution. No wonder Mr. Martin was so zealous in supporting the doctrine of accessorial or derivative treason; no wonder he was so vehement in calling for the record of the guilt of the principal ; when the contrary doctrine might have to nearly dragged him to the precipice of misprision of treason .
AFFIDAVITS. Baltimore, 17th. August, 1807. Personally appeared before me Samuel Chase, Esq. one of the associate Judges of the Supreme Court of the United States, John C. White, M. D. of the City of Baltimore, and made oath on the holy Evangelists of Almighty God, that on or about the tenth of November last, or sometime between the eighth and twelfth of said month, in a conversation with Luther Martin, Esq. of the city of Baltimore, Mr. Martin observed that he had not the least hesitation in saying, that before twelve months the Western States, would be separated from the Atlantic States; that he Mr. Martin had it from the best authority. Signed, JOHN CAMPBELL WHITE, Sworn before SAMUEL CHASE.
State of Maryland, Ann Arunde county. ss. July 24th. 1807. Personally appeared before the subscribers, a Justice of the peace for the county aforesaid, Edward Hill and made oath on the Holy Evangelists of Almighty God, that sometime in the month of September last, in a conversation which he had with Luther Martin (late attorney General of Maryland) respecting col. Aaron Burr, Mr. Martin remained that col. Burr would be Emperor of Louisiana in six months. To which this deponent replied, from the character of Col. Burr he had too high an opinion of his talents and judgment to believe, he would attempt to mad a project as a separation of the Western from the Atlantic States. To which Mr. Martin remarked, You are mistaken. I have no doubt but Burr will be declared Emperor of Louisiana in less than six months, and as soon as he is I shall pay him a visit. To which this deponent replied. You have been in the habit, Mr. Martin, of prosecuting a number of persons for different offences, take care that you are not in turn prosecuted for the same. Sworn before JOSEPH SANDS.
Distrit of Maryland, viz: Philip Graybell of lawful age, residing in the city of Baltimore, maketh oath on the Holy Evangelists of Almighty God, that some time during the summer of 1806. he, this deponent, was standing at his door in Market Street in the said city, and Luther Martin came up and addressed himself to this deponent to the following effect. That Aaron Burr was to divide this country, and that the Alleghany Mountain would be the divisional line. Signed, PHILIP GRAYBELL. Sworn before SAMUEL CHASE. The foregoing are copies of affidavits filed in the Circuit Court of the United States for the Virginia District.
WILLIAM MARSHALL, clk. In addition to these affidavits, per. Eaton whom Mr. Martin has attacked in his usual defamatory and scurrilous manner, in the Virginia Gazette under the signature of Investigator, has communicated to the public the following fact: Add to this, I did myself, three years ago last winter, at the city of Washington bear Martin predict the dismemberment of the Union, on the same boundary line which he averted to Mr. Graybell the Emperor contemplated, and in a manner which convinced me he would willingly facilitate the project; if it would go to embarrass the executive against whom, it appeared he indulged some little, mean, personal hatreds and resentments, rather than many sentiments of political opposition; and to gratify which he would make any national sacrifice. The important Report of the select committee of the British House of Commons (in our last page) was introduced at the close of the late session of Parliament, and its consideration postponed till the next session. Whilst it exhibits the most miserable picture of the condition of the British colonies, it holds up a prospect of aggression and alarm to all neutral nations, and above all to the U. States. This report has not been adopted by the British Legislature; so far it is innocent. Still it may be expected to influence and direct the admiralty court, by giving to their encroachment upon neutral rights the sanction and confirmation of a select committee of the House of Commons. We recollect no State paper which is so completely deficient in ability, or so daring in its insults upon neutral rights.
MARRIED at Philadelphia, on the evening of the first of October, by the Rev. Mr. White, THOMAS MORGAN, son of Col. George Morgan, of Washington county, (Penn.) to Miss CATHERINE DUANE, only daughter of William Duane, Editor of the Aurora. DIED—On Saturday the 26th ult. at the seat of her father, Mr. Charles Carter of Frederick; Miss SALLY PAYTON, wife of John Payton, Esq. of Matthews. There are many in this city who have often met this lovely young woman in those circles which she at once so eminently dignified and adorned. It is little more than a year, that they saw her in the bloom of seventeen, captivating the eyes of every beholder, alone unconscious of the admiration she excited, and in the native gaiety of her heart never betrayed into a word, look, or action, that the severest prude could condemn.
They have, in short, seen her the admiration of one sex, without being the envy of the other, but few knew half her worth. Her more substantial merits flunmed the glance of observation & became more conspicuous in the shade of privacy and retirement. It was as a wife, a daughter or a sister, that her character shone in its full and proper lustre. To those domestic charities her whole heart was devoted, and in fulfilling their several duties, she felt an alacrity that bordered on enthusiasm. She had been married little more than a twelve month, in which time she looked forward to the period when she should be settled in the neighborhood of the friends she so tenderly loved, as that which would place her at the summit of earthly happiness. Unfortunate young woman! how completely has one short month annihilated the fond illusion! You have been compelled to quit that circle which contained all whom you prized on earth for the dark and silent grave. That voice which uttered the language of benignity and affection is extinguished forever! That lovely form which was gazed at with admiration, is now cold as the earth which enwraps it. That heart which beat so fervently with a wife's, a daughter's, and a sister's love shall never beat again! Would to God the writer could mitigate the sorrow of the amiable and affable friends who survived her! Alas! when the measure of grief is full, sympathy can pour into it but a few drops of Balm.

LONDON, August 11. A letter from Calais, dated the 7th, states, that at three o'clock that morning, an English flag of truce arrived at Boulogne, with a person of distinction on board, who was charged with an important dispatch from the king of Great-Britain to our Emperor. As yet, however, we know nothing of his arrival here, tho' four days have already elapsed. Bonaparte, it seems, is at least to be cannonized . A monument is erecting for him at Paris, 150 feet high. One hundred feet of this elevation is already completed, and the other fifty is to be built of the cannon taken in the late campaign against Austria, Prussia, and Russia, and will be the most surprising and magnificent building of the sort in the world. Tho' it is, it is said, to be surmounted with a colossal figure of the Tyrant himself.
AUGUST 17. LAW REPORT. COURT OF ADMIRALTY. BONAPARTE'S BLOCKADING DECREE.
An interesting question was on Wednesday decided by Sir Wm. Scott, which arose out of the decree of Bonaparte, for placing this country in a state of blockade, and thus aiming an effectual blow at the commerce of neutral nations, with this country. Under the decree of blockade issued by Bonaparte, an American ship, the Sansom, had been captured by a French cruiser, and was afterwards recaptured by a British ship of war. In consequence of the recapture, a demand of salvage was made, which was resisted by the American, on the ground that the decree of blockade was not to be carried into effect against Americans, and that the vessel would have been restored to the owners by the French tribunal.
On this question Sir Wm. Scott was clearly of opinion, that the owners having received real benefit by the recapture, were clearly bound to pay salvage. The decree of France placing this country in a state of blockade, had excited the astonishment of all Europe, particularly when the nature of that decree was compared with the means of its enforcement. It is said that England arrogated to itself many maritime rights which were inconsistent with the freedom of the seas; and there, that every neutral who persisted in carrying on trade with England became her accomplice, and the just object of the hostility of France. The decree itself was declared to form a solemn and fundamental law of the Empire, till such time as England chose to relax her claims, and recognize certain terms more compatible with the rights of other nations. The meaning of the word blockade in this decree must necessarily be the same as when applied to the blockade of the single port or harbour, and therefore the decree must be clearly understood as extending to prevent all intercourse of the subjects of neutral states with this country; while, from the publicity and solemnity of the decree itself, it was fair to conclude that it would be acted upon. The subjects of France must have necessarily considered it in this light, and must have been led to look upon all such neutral vessels as lawful prize; and all the authorities of that country were put in motion to give it effect. Such being the state of things, it was impossible not to say, that prima facie great service had been done to the American owners by the recapture. There was nothing in the decree to distinguish the Americans from other nations, or to exempt them from its effects. There did not appear any sort of treaty which at all modified the decree, with regard to the Americans. The French minister of marine, in his correspondence on the subject with General Armstrong, the American minister at Paris, had indeed expressed it as his opinion, that the decree did not introduce any alteration in the trade of neutrals. But this was not official; it was a mere opinion, and introduced with "Je pense," I think so and so. His opinion, was therefore only to be considered as mere words, signifying nothing, and was entitled to little or no attention.
General Armstrong, indeed, wrote to Mr. Lyman, the American consul in this country, that he had not heard of the capture by the French of any Americans trading with this country. Mr. Lyman had also said, that he had heard that an American vessel, with wool from Spain to England, after being captured by the French, had been restored; but he had fairly added, that he could not vouch for the particular.
Upon the whole, there appeared nothing to distinguish this case from that of the Danish vessel, where it had been already decided by the court, that the re-captors were entitled to salvage. It would be very hard were this country made to sustain all the disadvantages arising from the decree of the French government, and at the same time prevented from enjoying those advantages which were not of its own seeking, but which arose from its superior naval power.
Sir William Scott therefore pronounced a decree, granting salvage to the re-captors.
The city of Copenhagen contained by the census, taken last year, a population of one hundred and four thousand inhabitants; excluding the Garrison, which would make, inclusive, one hundred and twelve thousand.
The city is strongly fortified by several batteries, both marine and land; construction, which will render the city pretty secure from any assault whether by sea or land.
is the sport of parties who tear her in pieces, and mislead her concerning her true interest and those of her neighbours."
VIENNA, July 29. Our Court Gazette contains the following, from Turkey:—
"On the 25th of June, a strong corps of Servian insurgents, with a Russian corps, crossed the Danube, and environed Kuchuk-Ana, who was stationed at Studenice. Molnaz Pacha, of Widdin, hastened to his assistance, but was totally defeated and driven back on the 1st July, near the village Malainitza, by the united Russians and Servians.
"Prince Wokenfky is gone, by way of Jassy, to the camp of General Michelson, before Imael, accompanied by a French colonel from Tilsit, in order to give information of the armistice between France and Russia. He then continued his journey to the camp of the Grand Vizier; and from thence to Constantinople, to the French minister Sebastiani."
"The Grand Duke Constantine is expected at Frankfort on his way to Paris."
REBELLION IN IRELAND. Letters of late dates from Ireland, represent that unfortunate country as experiencing all the horrors of a very general and deed laid revolt. It is described as being more formidable in its numbers, and more regular in its plans, than any former association for the same object, viz. the emancipation of that country from the tyranny and injustice of the English government.
STATE OF IRELAND. Under this head, we a few days since, stated our apprehensions, that all was not well, and our fears that the green fields of Erin would soon again be enstained by the blood of her children. Deeply do we deplore their information, that our fears were too well founded. Private letters from Ireland state, that the banner of Rebellion is unfurled, and the sons of Freedom rallying under her standard. The public prints say nothing further, than we have published. We await in anxiety and painful suspense, further and later information.—We shall watch it with Argus' eyes, and publish it on the instant. (Democratic Press.)
The British fleet in the Baltic, appears to have made every disposition for a successful attack on Copenhagen, and in fact for completely surrounding the whole island. Between Holstein and the opposite shore in Zealand, to prevent the French troops from coming over, are four ships of the line, four frigates, and a number of gun-boats and transports.
The Grand Army of Denmark, being at Holstein, there were supposed to be not more than from 12 to 16,000 troops on the island of Zealand.
BOSTON, Sept. 17. Capt. Warland, in 9 days from Halifax, informs "that the British August Packet had arrived at that place; that the Saxon had returned from New-York, with 50 of her crew in iron— that the Belona Capt. Hardy had failed for the Chesapeake—and that a temporary embargo was to be laid, the day after he came away, on account of the sailing of some transports, with troops on board, supposed for Quebec."
Capt. Warland also states, "That the three men* taken from the Chesapeake frigate with Raford , had been tried and were found guilty of mutiny and desertion; but that the punishment of death had been mitigated, by being sentenced to receive 500 lashes each. This sentence, was, however, fully remitted, the day before he failed."
* These men must be Ware, Strachan, and Martin, who are, by some late depositions, declared to be American subjects, but who voluntarily entered the British navy.
FROM HALIFAX, Sept. 12.
"This day arrived the Eliza frigate, capt. Lord Fitzroy, 27 days from Cork, bringing dispatches for the Admiral, General and Governor. Two regiments are coming out here from England immediately; and the regiments now here are ordered for Quebec. This augurs something; but it may be done only to provide a guard that which is not expected, but may possibly occur.—The three deserters sentenced to be whipped, have been pardoned. This was before the arrival of the Eliza ."
HALIFAX, AUG 11 On Tuesday last, a Court Martial was held on board the B-Hona , for the trial of W. Ware, D. Martin, and J. Strachan, lately taken, from on board the American frigate Chesapeake charged with having deserted. The charges were fully proved; but the court in consideration of their former good conduct, and the high character given them by their officers, as well as the contrition shown by them for their offences, did not sentence them to death, but to receive 500 lashes each.
In a petition since presented to the Commander in Chief, from the above-named deserters, for a mitigation of punishment, Ware states himself to be a born near Ripe-Creek, Fred. County, Maryland; Strachan , at Queen's town, Queen Ann's co. in the same State; and Martin , in the West Indies.—That they had voluntarily and deliberately entered on board the Melampus —That they lament the crime of desertion, of which they had been guilty; and again offer their services on board any of his Majesty's ships. Bost. pap. Sept. 29
AMERICAN AFFAIRS.
The British papers had, in a great measure, ceased their observations on the controversy between the United States and Great-Britain, on the subject of the Chesapeake affair.—They waited the arrival of expected dispatches to our ministers. There were some, however, who considered war as very probable; and that preparations ought to be made to wage it.—On the subject of the treaty-points, it was contended, in the Ministerial papers, that Great-Britain would readily concede the point, that National ships should be exempted from all search; and that a modification of the right to search merchant ships might be acceded; but the general right of a belligerent to search neutral merchant ships for deserters, as well as contraband goods, was one which they never would surrender; And that if the American Ministers were inclined to leave England, unless this right was relinquished, they must leave England.—On this head all parties appeared to be united. The celebrated Mr. Sheridan, who partially for the United States has been avowed, in a speech in the House of Commons, on the 15th August, said "When I look to the U. States I see a most disagreeable prospect; although I have no hesitation in saying, we must never give up those rights which have made us a great maritime nation." Sir Thomas Turton, another member of parliament, in a note in the "Oracle," of Aug. 10, 1807, with his signature, says "I certainly did say, in the House of Commons, that it was disgraceful and humiliating to this country, while the Non-Importation Act existed, that his majesty's late minister should have condescended to treat with America, and let the terms be ever so advantageous."
ters should have condescended to treat with America, let the terms be ever so advantageous. And I still think if our divisions cease and the unanimous energies of the country are called into action, and properly directed, we are equal to a war with the whole world, if such (which God forbid) should be our fate."
Boston Centinel.
PHILADELPHIA, October 5. We are informed that the English China fleet have failed for England with only a small part of their cargoes; not having been able to settle the controversy which arose respecting the death of a Chinese.
The mayor of the city of New-York has issued a proclamation interdicting the intercourse between that city and Charleston, in consequence of the prevalence of the yellow fever in the latter place.
ISRAEL SMITH, Esquire, has been elected Governor of Vermont, by a majority of nearly 2000 votes.
Captain Peterson of the ship Bashaw , arrived at Baltimore on Friday from Montevideo, informs, that (according to report) the British armed about 30 miles from Buenos Ayres on the 21st of June, and on the 6th of July were within two leagues of the outworks, which the Spaniards had thrown up near that city for its defence. Left at Montevideo, waiting for the capture of Buenos Ayres, about 80 load of British merchant ships, principally loaded with British Manufactures for which there was no vent. Business at Montevideo was in a state of entire stagnation; when captain P. failed there were not more than three ships loading, and none discharging. What little was done was principally for the support of the troops, with liquor, &c. In fact it appeared that the articles of every description (common ardent spirits excepted) could be procured at a much lower rate than where they originally came from.
The president and directors of the National Bank of France, have given notice, that from and after Monday the 10th of August, 1807, the discount upon all notes of hand, will be reduced to 4 per cent per annum.
The Danish Navy, which it is presumed the British will take possession of, consists of 3 ships of 84 guns, 9 of 74 guns—1 of 70, and two line of battle ships nearly finished—3 of 64 guns, 3 of 44, 4 of 36, 2 of 32, 1 of 28, and 2 of 20, and three or four small brigs and luggers.
Arrived at Philadelphia, the ship Corn Planter , captain Gilles, 50 days from London. In this vessel came passengers, Messrs. Samuel Mecker, C. Conrad, and Maj. N. Biddle; they landed from the ship at Cape Henlopen; the two former reached town on Sunday morning; and Maj. Biddle, who is charged with dispatches from Mr. Munroe, proceeded immediately for Washington. It is also said that Mr. Biddle bears dispatches from Mr. Armstrong, at Paris, with whom he went out in capacity of Secretary of Legation.—These, it is probable, relate to the acquisition of the Floridas.
WASHINGTON, October 5. The PRESIDENT of the UNITED STATES arrived in this city on Saturday last, from Monticello. Nat. Int.
October 7. The Secretary of State, and the Secretary of the Treasury, arrived on Monday; the Secretary of War, and the Secretary of the Navy, are expected to-morrow.
NORFOLK, October 6. The Court-martial appointed to try Commodore BARRON, met on board the Chesapeake yesterday; but in consequence of the indisposition of the Commodore, it was adjourned sine die . It is said, that L. W. Tazewell, Esq. is appointed Judge Advocate. He is now in Richmond, as a witness on the trial of Col. Burr.
October 7. Insurances in England. —When the affair of the Chesapeake occurred, we endeavoured to draw the attention of our mercantile friends to this important subject. The following extract of a letter from an intelligent merchant in London, dated the 12th of August, will show that our ideas on this matter were well founded:
"I shall not fail as formerly to insure your ships on the best possible terms; but surely you are aware that in the event of war with America (which Heaven avert) underwriters would not be held bound, inasmuch as enemy's property cannot be legally insured."
The same letter adds, "That as fears have been entertained, that by the treaty between France and Russia, British ships might be excluded from the ports of the latter; our government have determined on granting licences to import from Russia by neutral vessels, which will afford advantages to American ships." Ledger.
The proceedings of the court of enquiry, which assembled on board the Chesapeake on Monday last, have not been correctly stated. The court was formed at 10 o'clock in the morning.
Present, Alexander Murray, Esq. captain in the navy, president; captains Isaac Hull and Isaac Chauncy, members.
Littleton W. Tazewell, Esq. had been appointed judge advocate by the secretary of the navy; but being absent from Norfolk on public business, Richard Rush, Esq. was appointed judge advocate pro tempore. The court sat two hours, and adjourned to Thursday 10 o'clock in the morning. lb.
The following communication is from an officer of Gun-boat No. 8. At 7h 16' 17" Apparent time, observed the distance of the Comet to be 36° 30' 15" from the body of Jupiter. The altitude of Jupiter was observed to be at the same time 35° 30' 15". The body of the Comet, at the same time, was observed to be 11° 57' 45". Query, the distance of the Comet from the earth?
Saturday evening, September 26, 1807. The above question is inserted merely for information.—The place of observation was in the latitude of 32° 48' 30", and in the longitude of 80° 00' 15" west of Greenwich. Charleston Courier.
CHILLICOTHE, September 11. AN INDIAN WAR!! Every movement of the Indians is marked with suspicion. We wish not to alarm our defenceless countrymen upon the frontiers by harrowing up their feelings with the disasters of an Indian war, but were we to say we anticipated no danger, we should belie our own judgment. Reports concerning their recent movements are much exaggerated. But it is a fact beyond contradiction, that there are now between 7 and 900 assembled at Greenville and Fort Wayne. The Governor has sent out three gentlemen of the first respectability to ascertain their intentions—one has been some time absent, two have
recently set out. The first gentleman upon arriving at Springfield dispatched an express to the Governor informing him of the necessity of raising immediately 1500 men—that the prophet among the Indians was using every artifice to exasperate this savage foe against the Americans.
Last Evening's Mail.
LATEST FROM ENGLAND. On Thursday the ship Sally , captain Hinkley, arrived at Boston, from Liverpool. She sailed on the 28th of August, and brought London papers to the 25th. The Revenge , from the United States, had not arrived.
News from America to the 22d of July, had been received in England. The American paragraphs on the occurrence at Canton had been published.
The following are extracts from the papers: LONDON, August 22. A letter from Copenhagen, August 11, states, that the British Envoy, Mr. Taylor, was to have his final answer the next day.
Accounts from Stralsund state, that the French have been repulsed with great loss in two attempts to form that place.
The Gazette this day announces the appointment of Sir J. H. Craig to be Governor in Chief over Upper and Lower Canada, Nova-Scotia, New-Brunswick, & the islands of Prince Edward and Cape Breton.
August 24. —We have no dispatches from admiral Gambier, but rumours are current that Copenhagen was bombarded on the 15th and 16th, but without bringing the Danes to terms. The "Opposition" continue to censure the expedition against the Danes.
It is reported, some pacific communication has been made to our ministers from Paris. Such overtures we expect will be made but think they have not yet.
An order is issued for the capture of Oldenburgh, Mecklenburgh, Kniphausen and Papenburg vessels, if found trading with our enemies.
The order against the vessels of Mecklenburgh, &c. is in retaliation of Bonaparte's blocking decree. "It is probable the order will be extended to other neutrals, if any should remain."
It is reported Murat is to be appointed king of Switzerland.
Dispatches to July 29, have been received from admiral Berkeley. Official accounts from admiral B. of all the recent events on the coast of America are contained in these dispatches.
There is nothing now to prevent the discussion of the affair of the Leopard and the Chesapeake , as soon as Mr. Monroe receives his instructions.
August 25. —A new petition from the Irish Catholics, is to be presented at the next session of Parliament.
We have Dutch papers to the 20th, & French to the 15th inst. New directions have been given to prevent the landing in Holland of any goods of British manufacture, and these orders are to be rigorously enforced by new commissioners from France.
An attempt has been made to set fire to the dock-yard at Chatham.
It is reported, that the Rochefort squadron have lately made an attempt to get out. It is said to be bound to Buenos Ayres with troops.
Still are we without any dispatches from admiral Gambier later than the 10th. Yet a Scotch paper of the 20th mentions the arrival of a vessel at Leith that morning in five days from Copenhagen, with the information, "that the British army was ready for debarkation on Friday last, and that it had been agreed to give up the Danish fleet, said to be about 20 sail of the line, to remain in an English port during the war."
The previous accounts certainly had not prepared us to expect that the Danes would yield to easily. And indeed we cannot find from an Edinburgh paper, we received this morning, two days later than the one which arrived yesterday, that any ship did arrive at Leith on the 20th from Copenhagen. The Leith list of arrivals on the 20th, 21st, and 22d, is given in the Edinburgh paper of the 22d, and there is not one arrival on either of those days from Copenhagen, or from any part of the Baltic or the Sound.
From an English paper. LONDON, Aug. 21. City of London Tavern. —At a meeting of the Committee of American merchants, PHILIP SANSON, Esq. in the Chair; The chairman stated, that he had received a letter from John Richardson, Esq. Vice-President of the American Chamber of Commerce at Liverpool, accompanying certain Resolutions of that Board, and their circular letter, dated the 11th instant—the same having been read, it was
Resolved unanimously, That this Committee will be at all times happy to receive any communications from the American Chamber of Commerce, at Liverpool, which may have a tendency to promote the commercial intercourse between the British Empire, and the United States of America; but with the knowledge that the negotiations of great political importance are pending between the Government of this Country and the American States, they are of opinion, that any interference on their part at the present moment would be improper; and this Committee having no reason to believe his Majesty's Government to be inclined to an amicable accommodation of the present difference, see no necessity for associations being formed in the different manufacturing towns and sea-ports, for the purpose of collecting information as to the prospects of a good understanding, or otherwise, between the two countries. But if it should at any time appear that the efforts of this Committee can be useful in promoting cordiality and harmony between the two Governments, they will be ready to do every thing in their power for the attainment of so desirable an object. JOHN GRAY, Secretary.
BALTIMORE, Oct. 3. The ship United States , capt. Moore, of and bound to Baltimore, from the Isle of France, owned by Wm. Wilson, and Sons, was captured on Sunday off Cape Henry, by the British ship of war Leopard , and sent to Halifax, Cargo, coffee, tea, pepper and cotton. The mate and crew were put on board the brig Lion , capt. Harris. Fed. Gaz.
IN COUNCIL, October 2, 1807. PROPOSALS will be received by the Executive, to furnish the Public Guard, with Rations from the 15th inst. until the 1st day of January next. DANL. L. HYLTON, Clk. of the Council. O. 10.
50 Dollars reward, if brought home, with all reasonable expenses, and 50 dollars if confined in Jail, so that I get him again.
AWAY from the Subscriber, living in Granville County, North Carolina, on the 19th inst. a likely bright mulatto slave named BILL , about 30 years of age. This Negro is about six feet high, flat bodied, his hair light and some beard on his chin, chews tobacco, his shoulders very much sun-burnt, has large ankle and knee bones, small legs somewhat bowed, and rather of an old appearance. Had on when he went off, a light mixed home-spun Coat, & a pair of black velvet Pantaloon. Can read print tolerably well, and lay the flag chafe in Harris's Dialogue, which he is fond of repeating. It is probable he will change his name and endeavor to pass for a white man, which he may do without a minute inspection. All persons, particularly masters of vessels, are forwarded from harboring, employing or carrying off said negro. JOHN HOWARD, Granville, Oct. 10.
NOTICE. THE Co-Partnership of John Lackland & Co. is this day dissolved. All those indebted to said concern, will please come forward and settle their accounts. Those that have claims against said concern will please come forward and have them adjusted. JOHN LACKLAND, SAYMER SCOTT Caira, Oct. 1.
THE Subscriber intends keeping an assortment of GOODS, liable to the season. Which will be sold on Moderate terms. JOHN LACKLAND. O. 10.
FALL GOODS. RICHARD BROOKE, Has just received an elegant assortment of GOODS, calculated for the ensuing season, consisting of—
Superfine London Cloths and Kerseymeres, Second Do Do Do Superfine and second quality Coatings, Forest Cloths, Plains and Kendal Cottons, Rose and March Coat Blankets, Velvets, Velveteens, Prince's and President's Cord, Silk and Worsted Waistcoatings of various kinds, Gentlemen and Ladies silk, cotton & worsted Hosiery, Silk Velvets, assorted colours, Crapes do do do Sarcenets do do do Lutestring do do do Do Ribbons, Irish Linens and Lawns, Silk & Cotton Ginghams, Irish Sheetings, Cotton Chambrays, German Linens, Calico and Chintz, Shirting Cottons, Elegant Robes and short Dimities and Cambrick Dresses, Dimities, Plain & figured Leno's, Carpetings and Hearth Do do mild Muslins, Rugs, A handsome assortment of Kid and Morocco Shoes, A few pair of elegant Coffar and white top Boots. All of which he will sell at the most reduced price for cash. October 10.
EDUCATION OF YOUNG LADIES, AT WILLIAMSBURG. MR. ANDERSON'S Institution for female improvement, will be opened this season, under circumstances that cannot fail to interest parents who have Daughters to educate. The united cares of Mr. and Mrs. Anderson and Mrs. Camp, will be directed to the mental and personal accomplishment of their pupils, whose health, morals and deportment, will meet with that scrupulous delicacy of attention, which parental solicitude only can properly appreciate. A large and elegant apparatus has been provided for the illustration of the studies of Geography and History; and in the cultivation of the English and French languages, Mr. A. will avail himself of the latest improvements of those celebrated Writers, Lindley Murray of London, and N. G. Dufief of Philadelphia, by each of whom, he has been recently honored with a copy of the last edition of his works. The course of instruction will commence on the 20th October, and be completed about the 1st May following: Terms of boarding and tuition for the whole period, 30 £. Children under 10 years old, at half price. For the extra branches of accomplishment, Music, Drawing and Dancing, some of the most eminent teachers in the U. States are engaged to attend, on the usual terms, such pupils as desire improvement in these objects. Williamsburg, October 10.
FALL GOODS. TOMPKINS & MURRAY, Are now opening in the House opposite the Post Office, lately occupied by Messrs. Babb & Hubner, an extensive assortment of fine GOODS, received by the Ship Colpe from London. They have been selected with much care & attention; among them they would particularly recommend their assortment of London Superfine CLOTHS, Calimeres, Toilettes and Hats, all of a very superior quality. Also: an elegant assortment of Fashionable Robes, Muslins, Laces, &c. They have also on hand, a large assortment of coarse Woollens, Hardware, &c. received by the Ships Herschel , and John and Charles from Liverpool. The whole forms a complete assortment, well worthy of attention, which they offer for sale on liberal terms. October 10.
IN CHANCERY. In Chesterfield County Court, August 11th, 1807. Robert Watkins vs. James Ferguson By consent of parties, all matters of difference between them relative to this cause, are referred to James Brander, Master Commissioner in Chancery for this county; who is ordered to make report, &c. Copy. Teste, PARKER POINDEXTER, D. C.
COMMISSIONERS OFFICE, Manchester, 10th October, 1807. THE parties concerned, are hereby notified, that on Monday the 26th of October next, I shall proceed to make up the accounts directed in the above case; when they are requested to attend at this office. JAMES BRANDER, M. C. October 10.
LOST. THE Scrip for one share of the Stock of the Bank of Virginia, in the name of the subscriber; numbered 507 and dated the 7th Dec. 1804. Any person who has found the same, is requested to leave it at the office of the Enquirer, as application will be made at the Bank for a renewal thereof. ALEX'R. McRAE. O. 10.
WILLIAM TEMPLE, Has received by the ship Herschel from Liverpool and Colpe from London, An extensive supply of MERCHANDIZE, suitable to the present and approaching season, which he will sell low. O. 10.

Europe.
Report of a Committee of the British House of Commons on the West-India Colonies.
REPORT.
The committee who were appointed to take into consideration the Commercial State of the WEST-INDIA COLONIES , and report their proceedings, from time to time, to the House of Commons; and who were empowered to report the minutes of evidence taken before them; and to whom all minutes of evidence which were taken before the committee in the last session of Parliament, on the West-India Planters' Petitions, together with their proceedings, were referred; have, pursuant to the order of the House, examined the matters to them referred; and have agreed to the following Report:
Your committee have thought it their duty, in the first place, to inquire into the situation of the West-India Planters at the present moment, and for several years preceding; and have examined various respectable witnesses, proprietors of estates, who have resided many years in the West-Indies , and who have had the properties of several absentees under their management; & also many merchants intimately acquainted with the expenses and profits of a great variety of estates, and generally conversant with the West-India Commerce . From their testimony it appears, that since the year 1799 there has taken place a progressive deterioration in the situation of the planters, resulting from a progressive diminution of the price of sugar, although, at the same time the duty, and all the expenses attending the cultivation, have been in creasing, till at length the depression of the market has become such, that the price obtained for the last year's crop will not pay the expense of cultivation, except upon estates of a very great scale, making sugar of a very superior quality, or enjoying other extraordinary advantages. Calculations have been laid before your Committee, from the accounts of the estates both in Jamaica and the other islands, by which it appears, that the British supplies and island expenses amount to 20s. 10d. in the former, and 15s. 6d. in the latter, on the cwt. of sugar, after accounting and giving credit for the amount received for the sale of molasses. As these calculations are formed upon an average of years and upon estates of the ordinary scale, and in no respects unusually circumstanced, it appears to your Committee, that these sums per cwt. of sugar may be taken as the average expense of cultivation, independent of interest upon the capital; & your Committee are confirmed in this opinion by finding a similar calculation in the report made by the Sugar Distillery Committee , in the last Parliament. To this must be added an expense of 15s. 6d. to 16s. per cwt. necessarily incurred for freight, insurance, and other mercantile charges, between the shipping the goods in the Colonies and their being offered to market in this kingdom, forming together an amount of 35s. to 36s. which appears upon this evidence to be the absolute cost to the Planter per cwt. of sugar, before any return of capital can attach. Upon reference to the average price published in the Gazette , for the last eight months, which vary from 36s. to 31s. giving a mean price of 33s. 6d. it appears evident, that the Planters must have cultivated their estates at a loss.
The interest which has been stated to your committee as what should be the fair profit upon the capital of such a nature as that of a sugar estate, consisting not merely of Negroes, but of buildings of great extent and cost, necessary for carrying on such a manufacture, and subject to various and peculiar risks and vicissitudes, is not less than 10 per cent. During the period of prosperity, previous to 1800, it is stated, that in general the profits did not exceed that sum; and that, from that period, they have gradually diminished to 2 1-2 and 1 1-2 per cent. till at the present moment, there is no return of interest whatever.
It may perhaps be right to notice one exception, namely, of an estate most favorably circumstanced in every respect, where the profits are stated to have amounted, during the four years 1795, 1796, 1797, and 1798, to 12 per cent.; but they appear also to have declined ever since, in 1801, 1802, 1803, and 1804, to have been reduced to about 6 per cent. and in 1805, to about 5 per cent. and subsequently to have suffered a still further reduction.
In the course of their investigation of the situation of the Planters, your committee thought it right to ascertain whether it might not be in their power, in many instances, to remedy the evils of their situation, by converting their sugar estates to other more profitable cultivation, but the evidence on that point shows, that such a conversion must be attended with so great a sacrifice of capital, as to be out of the question as a measure of relief.
With a view to the prospect for the future, they have obtained a return of the quantity of sugar at present in the West-India Docks ; from which, and from other evidence, it appears, that the quantity now on hand is unusually great for the time of the year. The crop of last year is also on the point of coming into the market.
It should not be omitted further to state, that for many years past the islands have almost entirely escaped the natural calamities (of hurricanes, &c.) which have occasionally proved destructive to the property in those countries.
In investigating the causes of that depression of the market, from whence the whole of the Planters' distress appears to originate, the first object which strikes your Committee, is that extraordinary situation in which he is placed, which prevents him alone (in exception to every other similar case) from indemnifying himself for the increase of duty, and of other expenses attending his cultivation, by an equivalent increase of price to the consumer. For it appears, that since the year 1799, the duty on sugar has been raised from 20s. to 27s. and contingently to 30s. per cwt. the expenses of the estates are calculated to have risen in many articles 50, and in others above 100 per cent. and the price has fallen from 69s. to 33s. 6d. per cwt. the average of the last eight months. As it appears obvious from the above statement, that the duty is heavier than the article can bear at its present price, it is suggested that it might be expedient, for the relief of the home market, to extend the principle which has been adopted on the contingent increase of duty from 27s. to 30s. so that from the maximum of duty then fixed, on a gross price of 80s. affording 30s. duty, and 50 to the planter, the duty should be thrown back on a similar scale in proportion to the depression of the market, till the price arrives at 40s. gross leaving 20s. (the original duty) to government & 40s. to the Planter; or in other words, a reduction of 1s. of duty on a reduction of 2s. gross price from the average then fixed for the imposition of the new duty as far as 20s.
An increase of the bounty on the export has also been recommended; and your Committee are of opinion, that it would afford great relief if given as an accompaniment to measures of restriction upon neutrals, so as to render the expenses on British and foreign produce equal in the foreign market.
A considerable depreciation in the price of rum having also taken place, it has been suggested, that the encouragement of the consumption of that article would be a considerable advantage to the planter. Your Committee are aware that such encouragement has been given to a certain extent, but if it were found practicable to carry that assistance farther, by an increased consumption in the army and navy, such a measure would, in their opinion, have very beneficial effects; or a reduction of duty on rum might afford essential relief to the planter, without loss to the revenue, which would be indemnified by an increased consumption of that spirit.
Great, however, as are the evils of the decrease of price and increase of charges, it does not appear to your Committee that they are the original causes of the distress of the planter, by applying to which alone any practicable remedy, he could be more than partially relieved; but that the main evil, and that to which these are ultimately to be referred, is the very unfavorable state of the foreign market, in which formerly the British merchant enjoyed nearly a monopoly, but where he cannot at present enter into competition with the planters, not only of the neutral, but of the hostile Colonies. The result of all their enquiries
on this most important part of the subject has brought before their eyes one grand and primary evil, from which all the others are easily to be deduced; namely, the facility of intercourse between the hostile Colonies and Europe under the American neutral flag, by means of which not only the whole of their produce is carried to a market, but at charges little exceeding those of Peace; while a British planter is burthened with all the inconvenience, risk and expense, resulting from a state of war.
The advantages which the hostile Colonies derive from the relaxation of that principle, which prohibited any trade from being carried on with the enemy's Colonies by Neutrals during war, which the enemy himself did not permit to these Neutrals during peace, may be in part estimated by reference to a statement of the imports into Amsterdam alone, from the United States of America , in the year 1806, amounting to 55,085 hhd. of coffee, and 45,097 hhd. of sugar, conveyed in 211 vessels, heretofore annexed; & to a statement also annexed of the amount of West-India produce , exported from the United States of America between the 1st of October, 1805, and 30th September, 1806. In point of comparative expense, the hostile colonies will be further illustrated by the evidence of Mr. Marryat, supported by satisfactory documents which show the charges of freight and insurance on sugar from the hostile Colonies, through the United States of America , to the ports of Holland and Flanders , & to those of the Mediterranean , to be less by 8s. 1d. in the former, and by 12s. 6d. to the latter than the charges on British sugars to the same ports.
Your Committee cannot omit to state another important advantage enjoyed by the French Colonies from the sale of nearly the whole French mercantile marine to Neutrals, under the stipulation of each vessel being returned into French ports, in order to be navigated as French ships, within 12 months after peace, and with the enjoyment during the war, of the same privileges in the ports of France , as if they were actually French ; for instance, to import sugar at a duty of 4s. per cwt. less than the duty imposed on sugar imported on neutral vessels.
In order to counterbalance, in some degree, the advantages, thus enjoyed by the hostile Colonies, to the detriment of the British Planter, it has been recommended, that a blockade of the ports of the enemy's settlements should be resorted to; such a measure, if it could be strictly enforced, would undoubtedly afford relief to our export trade.
But a measure of more permanent and certain advantage would be the enforcement of those restrictions on the trade between Neutrals and enemy's Colonies, which were formerly maintained by G. Britain , and from the relaxation of which the enemy's Colonies obtain indirectly, during war, all the advantages of peace; while our own colonies, in the intercourse with whom that system of monopoly, which has been held essential to the commercial and Military Navy of this country, is rigorously enforced, are deprived of the advantages under which in former wars they carried their produce to the foreign markets, & which in the present war, by means of our decided naval superiority, would have amounted to the exclusive supply of the whole of Europe ; and when those extraordinary measures are taken into consideration which have been adopted to exclude the British Colonial produce from the European market, it appears to your Committee to be a matter of evident and imperious necessity, to resort to such a system, as by impeding and restricting, and as far as possible, preventing the export of the produce of the enemy's Colonies from the places of its growth, shall compel the Continent to have recourse to the only source of supply which, in event, would be open to it.
As it may be apprehended that from the adoption of such measures, difficulties might arise in that intercourse from which the West-Indies at present derive a considerable proportion of some of their supplies, your Committee have thought it their duty to make enquiry into the resources in that respect to which recourse might be had in such an event. During the only period which affords an example of the suspension of that intercourse, the evidence concurs as to the fact of a supply having been obtained (though not without temporary and occasional inconvenience,) from a variety of sources which may reasonably be relied upon, in case of such necessity, at the present moment to a greater amount than the former period. From the examination of persons who in consequence of their residence in the British North American settlements, or extensive commercial connections with them, possess the best information as to their present and future resources, there is ground to believe that some supply of the principal articles of lumber might be obtained from thence immediately, and to expect that, with due encouragement, the quantity of that supply might be increased to any extent. The supply of flour which they could at present afford to the West-India market would be small, and of inferior quality. They appear to be capable of affording a large supply of fish; and what deficiency might exist in other articles of salt provisions might be made up by supplies from Europe . Upon the whole, the impression which your Committee have received is, that the trade now carried on between the British  West-Indies and the United States of America , is very convenient and advantageous to the inhabitants of our Colonies, and one which they could not relinquish without essential detriment, unless it were compensated by other advantages; but that it is not essential to their existence, or equivalent to the disadvantages of their situation in those respects which your Committee have already gone through in the present statements.
Your Committee having briefly stated the distressed situation of the West-India planter—the causes which gradually produced his distress, which are beyond his reach to remedy, and which must continue to operate with increased effect—and having stated such measures of relief as have been suggested to them, and such as, from the best sources of information, appear most adequate to the end in view, have only to add, that if those remedies are liable to objections and difficulties, there is on the other hand the strongest concurrent testimony and proof, that unless some speedy and efficient measures of relief are adopted, the ruin of a great number of the planters, and of persons in this country holding annuities, and otherwise dependent on those properties for their income, must inevitably very soon take place, which must be followed by the loss of vast capital, advanced on securities in those countries, and by the most fatal injury to the commercial maritime, and financial interests of Great Britain .
Domestic.
From the Public Advertiser.
Note on a paper, said to be the rejected Treaty.
I have this day read a paper, said to be extracts from the late rejected British Treaty. The federalists at first abused Mr. Jefferson for his prompt rejection of this treaty, and it is now made public for the avowed purpose of bringing this venerable statesman and his administration into disgrace. If any thing was wanting to consummate the greatness of his character, & to show how completely he is qualified for the office he has so honorably filled for seven years past, it is on this occasion to read the treaty which he is said to have rejected. His conduct, so far from depreciating him in the estimation of his friends and an impartial world, will serve to confirm them in their former good opinion of his wisdom and integrity. The treaty as we have it, is replete with advantage to Britain , and consequent disadvantage to this country. I shall take the liberty of expressing my views, in short notes, of some parts of this obnoxious instrument.
The third article regulates commerce between this country and the British  East-Indies .—This article is, in substance, the same as the article of the old treaty on the same subject, except that this article obliges our vessels to sail direct from this country to the British  East-Indies . Every merchant knows how much this direct sailing will affect the commerce of this country. Our ships in their India voyages, after sailing from this country to Britain , to Amsterdam , to France , to the Isle of France , and to the Cape of Good Hope . These
touches, often procuring a freight of from six to fifteen thousand dollars. This freight in specie, is a handsome return in an Indian voyage, and often enables our merchants to prosecute their plans in India without carrying out of this country the circulating medium. If we agree to this direct sailing, we shall find that we lose a very important and lucrative branch of trade, and for the correctness of the above opinion, I appeal to every well-informed merchant.
The fifth article goes to make the duties on merchandise reciprocal between the two countries. As the business now stands, all British goods pay ten per cent. more when imported in British bottoms than in American; and when exported the drawback is no more than if imported in American vessels. If the new treaty should be ratified, the effect will be very injurious to us. It will throw the carrying trade into British hands, as the British will immediately employ their own vessels to bring them our goods, because the duty will be no more in their bottoms than in American, and the drawback will be the same on all their goods to brought, when exported from this country. They might as well ask us, in plain language, to give up the carrying trade, and thus sacrifice all the advantages resulting from our neutrality.
The sixth article states, that the parties cannot agree about the trade to the West-Indies . I suppose the British wish to confine this trade to American vessels of seventy tons, as in Jay's treaty. We hope such an unjust proposition will never be agreed to. We now trade in vessels of any size, and to depart from it would be to diminish our commerce to one quarter of what it is at present.
To this treaty is added two notes. The first stipulates, that British goods brought into the United States from New Brunswick and Canada shall not pay more duty than such goods when brought by American vessels. The object of this note is two fold; First, to bring their fish into the States free of duty, which now pays fifty cents per quintal. This would strike a death blow at our fisheries, and be the making of Nova Scotia . The second has a reference to the Indian trade on our frontiers. It has always been a primary object of the British to secure the trade with the Indians in North America . This note goes to confirm them in the possession of it, and to enable them to sell their goods to our citizens in our interior cheaper than we possibly could. The British merchants in Canada would have every advantage over our merchants, who have to bring their goods from the Atlantic states at great expense.
The second note would compel us to an alliance offensive and defensive with Britain against France . Though I detest the French as well as the British blocking decrees, as they are often made; the only difference between Bonaparte's decree and those of Britain is this; the former has made a general blocking decree against all the ports of Britain at once—the latter has made the same decree against all the ports of Bonaparte at different times, when they had not a ship present at the blocked port. This has often been the case at Martinique , Amsterdam , Bordeaux and Cadiz .
If my conceptions of the rejected treaty are correct, the man who presides over our affairs is entitled to our warmest gratitude for his wisdom, intelligence & patriotism, and his enemies, who have published this treaty to injure his reputation, have greatly missed their object with all intelligent Americans.
FRANKLIN.
CHARLESTON, Sept. 29.
We understand that orders have been sent from the War Department to the different Military Posts, directing the Officers thereof, not to enlist any British Defectors in the Army of the U. S.
FROM THE AMERICAN CITIZEN.
THE TREATY.
I have ascertained to my satisfaction that the pamphlet recently published in this city, with the title of "The British Treaty," and which is now in a course of entire re-publication in the columns of the Evening Post , was written by Mr. Oliver Wolcott, late secretary of the treasury, and printed at the office of Messrs T. and J. Swards. The fact in relation to the latter gentlemen is not mentioned in the way of censure, for they have printed the pamphlet as they sell books; both are in the line of their business.
But what shall we say of Mr. Wolcott, a distinguished federalist, and once a confidential adviser of President Adams? He who considers the object of the pamphlet, can have no difficulty in making the answer.
Engaged in a serious misunderstanding with England , one in which are involved the peace, the prosperity, and the honor of America , Mr. Wolcott has written and published the pamphlet in apology for England on the one hand, and, on the other, avowedly to censure the President for rejecting the treaty without having, in the judgment of Mr. W. sufficient cause for the rejection.
In the prosecution of those purposes, we see Mr. Wolcott acting in secret with the British minister.
I predicate this remark on the well known fact that only two copies of the treaty were received here; the one by the President, which was not laid before the Senate, and the one by the British minister: and also on what is equally certain—that Mr. Wolcott has not obtained a copy of the treaty from the Executive department.
Need we ask by whom he was furnished with it? There can be no mistake in answering—by the British minister.
What then do we witness? A foreign minister, disregarding the customary respect due to the nation to which he is sent, collaeguing with a conspicuous member of the federal party to invigorate the old and raise if possible a new opposition to the administration.
The ground taken by Mr. Wolcott, as far as we can understand him, for he is contradictory and confused, is that the treaty contains many commercial advantages to the U. S. and therefore that it should not have been rejected—especially in the way it was, without referring it to the Senate. I am not about to discuss the treaty, to ascertain the advantages or disadvantages of it, for whatever it was, it is no more; but against the party and malignant efforts of the writer, I will offer some observations in defence of the executive.
I have always understood, and my information is derived from sources as correct as those of Mr. Wolcott, that the treaty was rejected on two grounds—
1. That it contained no article, or one not satisfactory, in relation to the right imperiously affirmed by the British government of searching our merchant ships for men.
2. That the treaty was accompanied with a note calling upon the U. S. in a very arrogant tone to make common cause with England against the blocking decree of the emperor of France , and in case of refusing to do so, declaring, in terms too explicit to be misunderstood, that even when ratified by the commissioners of the British government, and by the President and Senate of the U. S.  England would be bound by it or not as her interests might dictate.
The question regarding the right of search, which has so long been the subject of discussion between the two governments, is not noticed in the treaty as given by Mr. Wolcott. If no other and greater objection than the omission of an important item had been entertained, whatever might have been the final decision of the President as to ratifying the instrument, he would in all likelihood have referred it to the Senate.
But, accompanied as it was with a note singular in phraseology and extraordinary in object, amounting to an attempt to coerce the U. States into an alliance with England against France , the President, without referring it to the Senate, rejected it as a thing incompatible with the independence and honor of the U. S. and that it could not be deliberated upon by the Senate without incurring odium to both.
LOAN OFFICE, STATE OF VIRGINIA, JUNE 8, 1807.
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN,
THAT, in conformity with the provisions of the act supplementary to the act, entitled "An act making provision for the redemption of the whole of the public debt of the United States ," books will be opened at the office of the commissioner of loans for the state of Virginia , on the 1st day of July next, to continue open until the seventeenth day of March, 1808, inclusively, the fourteen last days of each quarter excepted, for the purpose of receiving subscriptions for such parts of the old six per cent. deferred stock, and three per cent. stock, as may, on the day of subscription, stand on the books of the said commissioner of loans.
Those proprietors of the old six per cent. and deferred stock, who may subscribe, will receive in lieu thereof a new six per cent. stock, equal to the unredeemed amount of the stock surrendered, redeemable at the pleasure of the United States , under a proviso however, that no reimbursement shall be made except for the whole amount of any such new certificate of stock, nor till after six months previous notice: and the proprietors of the three per cent. stock who may subscribe, will receive in lieu thereof, a six per cent. stock, equal to sixty-five per cent. of the amount of three per cent. surrendered, redeemable in the same manner as the new six per cent. above mentioned, but not reimbursable however, without the assent of the holders, until after the whole of the new six per cent. (given in exchange for old six or deferred as above mentioned,) as well as the whole of the eight per cent. stock of the United States , shall have been reimbursed. It is also provided that in every reimbursement which may take place, a preference will be given to those creditors who may notify their wish to be reimbursed; and that if the applications to that effect shall at any time either exceed or fall short of the sum then applicable to that purpose, the priority of payment shall, so far as may be necessary, be determined by lot.
The present stockholders who reside in any part of Europe , and may assent to that modification, may, at their option, receive the interest accruing on the new stock, either in the United States as heretofore, or in London , or Amsterdam , at par; in which last case, the interest will be paid there by the bankers of the United States , six months subsequent to the day, on which the same would be payable in the United States , and subject to no variation; nor to any other deduction than a commission to the bankers, of one half per cent. on the interest thus paid.
JOHN PAGE, Commissioner of Loans.
  Proprietors of 1000 dollars nominal six per cent. stock, subscribed before the 1st October, 1807, will be entitled to receive 649 62 of new stock.   If subscribed between the 1st October, and 31st December, 1807, 644 87 —   between the 1st January, and 17th March, 1808, 619 02 —   Proprietors of 1000 dollars nominal deferred, subscribed before the 1st October, 1807, will be entitled to receive, 852 78 —   If subscribed between the 1st October, and 31st December, 1807, 853 62 —   between the 1st January, and 17th March, 1808, 831 42 —   Being the unredeemed amount of the old stock on the 1st July, and October, 1807, and 1st January, 1808, respectively.   Proprietors of 100 dollars three per cent. stock will be entitled to receive 650 dollars of new stock. J. P. Com'r L's.   June 10, o94m. 
HENRY HOPE,
HAS FOR SALE,
  15 Pipes French Brandy, 40 Boxes 8 by 10 windows   66 Hhd N. England Rum, Glas,   20 Hhd Leaf Sugar, 4 Barrels Caster Oil,   5 Lump ditto, 20 Boxes Cation Cards, af-   16 Boxes Cloves, forted,   35 ditto Soap, 5 Wool,   200 Candles, 40 Reams Writing Paper,   10 Boxes Playing Cards, 100 Reams Wrapping   5 Ton Shot, assorted, Paper,   5 Kegs Lead, 5 Casks Malaga Wine,   16 Hhd. best green Coffee, and a fresh assortment of   60 Bags ditto, Shoes.   33 Pepper,   September 26, 1aw3w. 
VALUABLE PROPERTY FOR SALE. In pursuance of a Decree of the High Court of Chancery, for the Richmond District , by consent of parties, the following property, belonging to the estate of James Anderson , dec'd. will be sold to the highest bidder, on a credit of twelve months.
On Tuesday the 29th day of September next, THAT commodious and well situated HOUSE & LOT , on the main-street in the city of Williamsburg , at present occupied by Mrs. Camp. Also, two vacant half acre LOTS , near the Free School in the said city. The sale to be made on the premises.
On Monday the 14th day of Dec. following, THAT valuable HOUSE and LOT , situated at the foot of the capitol hill, in the city of Richmond , in the occupancy of Charles Boffer and others. The sale to be made on the premises. Also, at the same time and place, two valuable Tracts of LAND , lying on Wills Creek river of Kentucky , and within a few miles of the Ohio river.
There are eight thirty-five parts of the above named property, which belongs to infants, and where the price of any one separate parcel exceeds fourteen hundred dollars, an interest with the purchaser must be retained in that portion for them.
Additional information may be had on application to Robert Anderson of Williamsburg . THE COMMISSIONERS. Sept. 1. 2aw291hs law1RD Sept14thD.
FOR RENT,
And possession given. Christian rent, for a term not less than three nor more than seven years.
MY TAVERN and the plantation thereunto adjoining in the county of Mecklenburg , about one mile from Lady Skipwith's , and Somerville's ferries on Roanoke river, on the main road leading from the Carolina , Georgia , &c. to Petersburg , Richmond and the Federal City .
The Tavern-house is large and commodious, good stable and all other necessary out houses—on this place is a good apple and peach orchard, which never fail bearing fruit—there is a quantity of hickory timbered land convenient which may be cleared and used at the discretion of the tenant. It is deemed unnecessary to say more as it is presumed that those who wish to rent would first view the premises. But the subscriber can with propriety say the advantages attached to this place, renders it by far the most advantageous stand for a tavern and store in that part of the country. There will be a tolerable crop of wheat sowed on the place. For terms, &c. apply to the subscriber living on the premises.
HOWEL GRAVES.
Sept. 5. oaw3m. A GENERAL ASSORTMENT OF BLANKS, FOR SALE AT THIS OFFICE.
FALL GOODS. The subscribers are receiving by the Ship Herschell from Liverpool , an extensive supply of MERCHANDIZE , SUITABLE to the approaching season—are in daily expectation of their London GOODS , by the Ship Colpo , which will make their assortment complete, and which they offer for sale by the piece or package, on the most moderate terms. JOHN & ROBERT GAMBLE, jun. Sept. 9. oaw6w.
NOTICE.
ALL persons having claims against the estate of John Sandidge , deceased, are required to bring them forward, to the subscriber, duly authenticated, on or before the first day of November next, at which time a dividend of the assets in my hands will take place; those failing to comply with this advertisement, will be excluded from the benefit of said dividend. Sept. 5. THOMAS WHITT. law2m.
NOTICE.
A PETITION will be presented to the next General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Virginia