The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1809-10-31 00:00:00

Published by Thomas Ritchie, nearly opposite the Globe Tavern, Richmond, Virginia.
CONDITIONS.—Five dollars a year, to be paid annually in advance. Those who wish to be considered as annual subscribers, must hereafter designate it at the time of subscribing, otherwise their papers will be discontinued at the expiration of the first year. No paper can be stopped until all arrearages have been paid off.—Good acceptances, in Richmond only, will be received in payment. The same rule as to Advertisements.
FOR SALE AT THIS OFFICE: The 3d Volume of the ENQUIRER, complete, bound in boards.
VIRGINIA DEBATES, in the Convention, bound in calf, sheep and boards.
BURR'S TRIAL, for Treason and for a Misdemeanor, in boards.—By D. Robertson.
LETTERS on the Subject of THE CATHOLICS.—By Peter Plymley.—From the 11th London Edition.
BLANKS, for Lawyers, Clerks, Sheriffs, Constables, Merchants, &c. &c. which will also be printed according to any form exhibited, at the shortest notice.
BARTLETT STILL has opened an Office at the Bell Tavern, in the City of Richmond; where he offers his services to the Public, to transact General Commission business in the Sale or Purchase of the different articles current in this Market, viz. Tobacco, Flour, Hemp, &c. He will also, negotiate notes on liberal terms, and is willing to undertake the collection & liquidating Merchant's and other Accounts, and in near the City.—His long experience in business inclines him to hope to give general satisfaction, as he always will consider it his duty faithfully to observe the interest of those who may honor him with their confidence. All kind of goods and produce, stored in a fire proof house, and delivered on the shortest notice.
October 24. wtj
ON the 21st day of December next, if fair, if not the next fair day, will be sold, at the dwelling-house of the late George Garner, in the county of Westmoreland, about sixteen likely NEGROES, and the present year's crop of corn, &c. which property will be sold pursuant to a deed of trust, made by George Garner for the purpose of securing the payment of his debts. The sale will be on a credit of twelve months, the purchasers giving bond with approved security. If the negroes and crops do not sell for a sufficient sum to pay the debts of the said Garner, the subscribers will, on the day after the sale of the negroes and crops, sell all or so much of the land conveyed in trust for the above purpose, as will make a sum sufficient for the payment of the debts of the said George Garner. All such creditors as may exhibit their claims to the subscribers before the said 21st of December next, properly authenticated, and which the subscribers may consider legal and just, may purchase at the said sale, and shall be allowed a discount of their claims, against their purchase.
THOS. STOWERS, } Trustees.
JAMES COX, }
Westmoreland County, }
October 24. tds
HAMPDEN SYDNEY COLLEGE.
A meeting of the Board of Trustees, on the 29th day of September, 1809. Whereas, it appears, That some misrepresentations have been circulated, and many misapprehensions entertained by the public, respecting a regulation lately adopted, prohibiting the students of this seminary, from attending at the court-house, on court days, and other public days: On motion, it was ordered, That the said law be published in one of the Gazettes printed in the city of Richmond. "Resolved, That a resort of the students of this seminary, to public meetings, at the court-house, on court days, Muster, &c. is a loss of time, generates vice and a corruption of morals, and ought not to be tolerated." "It is therefore ordered, That after the commencement of the next session, no student shall be permitted to go to the court-house on court days, or on days of Muster, unless when compelled to attend by legal authority." Teste, DRURY LACY, Clerk. October 17. 4w
DISTRICT OF VIRGINIA, TO WIT:
BE it remembered, that on the third day of October in the thirty-fourth year of the independence of the United States of America, John Robinson of the said District, hath deposited in this Office, the title of a Book, the right whereof he claims as author, in the words following, to wit: "A collection of the most useful and approved forms of process, judgements and orders used in the County Courts and late District Courts of law in Virginia, also of bonds usually taken in the said Courts, and executions on judgements thereof; records on appeals, and writs of supersedeas; or proceedings on the arraignment of criminals, and of the entries used on the trials thereof. To which are added various forms of Indictments, &c. in criminal cases. Declarations; & some of the most useful forms of conveyances; and an index to the whole. By John Robinson, clerk of the Superior Court of Law for Henrico County, and late clerk of the District Court of law, formerly held in the City of Richmond."
In conformity to the act of the Congress of the United States, entitled "An act for the encouragement of learning, by securing the copies of maps, charts and books to the authors and proprietors of such copies during the times therein mentioned; and also to an act entitled "An act supplementary to an act, entitled an act for the encouragement of learning, by securing the copies of maps, charts and books, to the authors and proprietors of such copies, during the times therein mentioned. And extending the benefits thereof to the arts of designing, engraving, and etching historical and other prints." WILLIAM MARSHALL, Clerk of the District of Virginia.
The above mentioned Book may be had on application to the Subscriber, at his Office in the Capitol in Richmond. J. ROBINSON. October 27. if
FIVE DOLLARS REWARD.—Strayed or stolen from my lot in Farmville about the 1st of September last, two mules.—One a bay & the other a black with long hair tail.—The above reward will be given for taking them up and returning them to me. MAURICE LANGHORNE, jr. Oct. 17. 3w
COLUMBIAN MILLS.—The subscribers having purchased the Columbian Mills, heretofore known to the public by the name of Wheat and Corn. P. MAXHALL & Co. September 9. if
LOUDOUN LAND FOR SALE. FOR SALE, on Thursday, the 21st of Dec. next, on the premises, the
TRACT OF LAND, on which the late Judge Jones resided, in Loudoun county, with about 25 SLAVES, and the stock of Horses, Cattle and Hogs, on the estate. The tract contains nearly two thousand acres, & possesses many advantages which entitle it to the attention of those who may wish to reside in that highly improved part of our country. Two merchant mills are in the neighborhood, one on the adjoining estate, and the other within two miles. It is 35 miles from Alexandria, and forty from George-Town. The new Turnpike from Alexandria, crosses a corner of the land, and terminates at the nearest merchant mill. The tract is remarkably well watered. Little river passing through the middle of it, and many small streams on each side, emptying into that river. About 50 or 60 acres are already well set with timber, & at least 300 are capable of being made excellent meadow. It will be divided into tracts of different dimensions, to suit the convenience of purchasers. A credit of one, two and three years will be allowed, bonds with approved security and a deed of trust on the land, will be required. The negroes are supposed to be very valuable, some of them being good house servants, and the others principally young men and women. For them the same term of credit will be allowed. JAMES MONROE, Executor of the late JOSEPH JONES, the Elder. Albemarle, Oct. 27. 15w
FOR SALE.—As I intend to move to the Western Country, I will sell my plantation, in Henrico county, called HALF SINK, lying on Chickahominy Swamp, and on the stage-road, leading from Richmond to Fredericksburg, about 11 miles from the former place. This tract contains about 500 acres, a large portion of which is equal to any land on the Swamp, having between 50 and 100 acres of prime meadow Land, which may be reclaimed at a very moderate expense. As this Land is so generally known, I consider any other description unnecessary. I will take, in part, a good tract of land, in the state of Kentucky. Apply to Thomas Norvell, in Richmond, or to the subscriber, near Half Sink. WILLIAM WINSTON. Hanover, Oct. 17. if
BY AUTHORITY OF THE STATE. A SCHEME
OF A LOTTERY, To Enlarge and Improve THE BALTIMORE HOSPITAL.
Table with 3 columns: Prizes, Dollars, Dollars. FIRST CLASS. 1 Prize of 25,000 is 25,000. 1 15,000 15,000. 1 10,000 10,000. 2 5,000 10,000. 2 2,000 4,000. 5 1,000 5,000. 12 500 6,000. 20 200 4,000. 52 100 5,200. 100 50 5,000. 2,360 30 70,800. 2,350 Prizes amounting to $100,000. 5,444 blanks. 8,000 Tickets at $20 each is $160,000.
Fifteen per cent discount, leaves for the institution and expenses $24,000
STATIONARY PRIZES OF THE ABOVE. First drawn Ticket } 1st day 1,000
Table with 3 columns: Prize, Dollars, Dollars. 2d do 500. 3d do 500. 4th do 500. 5th do 1,000. 6th do 500. 7th do 500. 8th do 500. 9th do 5,000. 10th do 500. 11th do 500. 12th do 2,000. 13th do 500. 14th do 500. 15th do 500. 16th do 15,000.
WHEN the highly interesting objects of the above Scheme of a Lottery, are taken into view, to wit—the erection of a suitable building for the reception and care of Maimed, together with the flattering prospect it offers to every person disposed to contribute their aid to so laudable a purpose, it is hoped it will not fail to receive a prompt and liberal support. The prizes will be paid in sixty days after the drawing is completed. Such prizes as are not demanded within 12 months thereafter, will be considered as generous donations to the Institution.
Bond and security have been given by the Managers to the State of Maryland for the faithful performance of their duty.
JAMES HINDMAN, JAMES CALHOUN, Junr. SAMUEL MKIM, STEWART BROWN, NICHOLAS BRICE, JAMES BOSLEY, JOHN WALRAVEN, EDMUND DUCATEL, PETER CHATARD, COLLIN MACKENZIE, JAMES SMITH. Managers.
Tickets to be had at John R. Jones's Book, Stationary and Fancy Store, N. W. corner of the Main Street, and that leading to the head of the basin; nearly opposite to the Eagle Tavern. Who has just received a considerable addition to his assortment consisting of Cap Paper No. 1, 2, & 3, Letter Paper 1 & 2, Folio Post, Royal Medium & Demy Writing Paper, Blank and Playing Cards by the gross doz. or single pack, red and black Morocco Pocket-Books of every description, red Morocco Purses, Thread Cases and Note Cases, elegant Travelling Portfolios, a large assortment of fine Cutlery Sealing Wax, silver blade Fruit Knives, & Hinging Paper. J. R. J. has a book of Patterns from a manufactory in Philadelphia from which he will procure any quantity or quality which may be wanted. Also many other fancy articles too numerous to particularize. October 24. 3w
A CARD.—DOCTOR LEWIS, lately from the West-Indies, has opened his Office, at Manchester, in the house of Mr. L. Bishop, for the practice of Physic, Surgery, and Midwifery. He hopes from his success and experience, to merit the patronage of a liberal public. N. B. Private families may be supplied with Medicines, with suitable directions. Advice for the poor, gratis. September 26. if
THE subscribers offer for sale, a very general assortment of GROCERIES, which they will dispose of on moderate terms, for cash, country produce, or approved paper. Also, 62 Kegs F and FF Brandy Wine Gun-Powder. October 10. WHITE & SHELTON. if
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD.
RUN-AWAY, from the subscriber, on the 30th day of September last, an apprentice boy named MILES ELAM, (bound to me by the county court of Amelia,) by trade a saddler, about 19 years of age, 5 feet 9 inches high, has rather a sallow complexion, black hair, which he sometimes wears tied, full black eyes, a great gambler, and being detected in that vice, is the cause of his going off. The clothes he carried with him are, a brown cloth coatee, a mixed Virginia cloth do. two pair of blue Virginia cloth pantaloons, and one do. of a brown ground, with a white check stripe. It is supposed he will endeavor to get work at the above trade, as he carried off all his tools with him. I will give the above reward to any person who will return the said apprentice to me, or lodge him in jail, so that I get him again. I forewarn all persons from harboring or employing him, as I am determined to prosecute such as do. Masters of vessels and others, are cautioned against harboring him away. JOHN B. READ. Petersburg, October 24. 2m
CHARLES FREMON Respectfully informs the public, that he has opened a Night School, for the French Language, at Mr. Daroux's next door below the Globe Tavern, where he will attend three nights every week, Tuesday, Thursday & Saturday, from 6 in the evening to 9. He will also attend, those families, who wish to have their Children privately instructed in that branch of education, in their respective houses. His terms will be made known by applying at his lodgings, at Mr. Daroux's. October 24. 1m
NOTICE.—The partnership of Saylor & King, Tanners, near Prince Edward court-house, is this day dissolved by mutual consent. All those indebted to the concern, are requested to make immediate payment to George King, who is authorised to receive payments and settle all accounts of the company. MARTIN SAYLOR, GEORGE KING. October 17. 4w
HOUSES FOR SALE.
By virtue of a decree of the honorable Superior Court of Chancery, for the Richmond District; in a suit between George Pickett, plaintiff, and the subscriber defendant, will be sold to the highest bidder, at public auction, on Saturday, the 4th day of November next: Two brick HOUSES, with the out-houses belonging to them, situated on the cross-street, leading to Shockoe Ware-house, in the city of Richmond. The sale will take place, on the premises; and the terms, agreeable to the said decree, will be twelve months credit: the purchaser to give bond with approved security, for the payment of the purchase money, and the title to be retained until the money is paid. DANIEL CALL, Executor Of the last Will and Testament of ROBERT MEANS, deceased. October 17. tds
A HOUSE—(upon the Basin)—FOR SALE. By virtue of the last will and testament of Robert Means, deceased, will be sold, on the premises, on Saturday, the 4th day of November next, to the highest bidder, a tenement upon the basin, adjoining the tenement of John Purse. The terms of sale will be, twelve months credit, the purchaser to give bond and security, and a deed of trust upon the property to secure the payment of the purchase money. DANIEL CALL, Executor Of the last Will and Testament of ROBERT MEANS, deceased. October 17. tds
ADVERTISEMENT.—Will be sold to the highest bidder, on the 10th day of November next, if fair, if not, the next fair day, at the late dwelling house of John Carr, (L. U.) deceased. The crop of Corn, Fodder, Oats, and Hay, plantation Tools, household and kitchen Furniture, a Waggon nearly new, two Ox carts, Horse-cart and the stock consisting of Horses, Hogs, Sheep and Cattle including of a yoke of Steers. On the same day, and at the same place, will be sold the tract of Land on which Joel Bennett resides, about 4 miles above Charlottesville, containing about 500 acres—the tract called Johnson's tract adjoining Wm. Fitch, Jr. about 2 or 3 miles north of Milton, containing about 400 acres—the tract called Hall's tract lying between Micajah Carr's and John Roth Wells, containing about 292 acres—and about 500 acres Oak-Land, a considerable part of which, from its fertility is adapted to the production of Tobacco, and what is opened is fine for Corn and Wheat: this last mentioned tract adjoins the lands on which the deceased lived, and in an excellent neighborhood—all of the aforesaid Tracts of Land, lie in the County of Albemarle, and will be sold on one and two years credit, equal instalments—the other property on twelve months credit.—It will be required of the purchaser of any of the above property, to give bond, with approved security, and if not punctually paid, to carry interest from the date for all sums above ten dollars; under that sum the money will be demanded. As I am anxious to close my executorship as soon as possible, I earnestly request all those who are indebted to the Estate to make payment—and all those to whom the Estate is indebted are solicited to come forward, and receive their due. THOMAS CARR, Exr. Albemarle, Oct. 17. 3w
DOCTOR G. WATSON, OFFERS his Medical Services to the inhabitants of Richmond and its neighborhood. He may be found by applying at Dr. Wardlaw's Shop October 20. 4w
THE subscribers wish to purchase immediately, Black Walnut TIMBER, sufficient for the making of two thousand gun-stocks. Any person wishing to contract for furnishing the said timber, will apply to us at our shop, opposite the government house. STEWARD, QUARRIER & KERNES. October 10. if
The above subscribers wish to employ six good Workmen at the gun-smith business, to whom liberal wages will be given: Also, five or six boys will be taken as apprentices. October 10. if
THE subscriber wishes to employ two good Workmen in the wheel wright business, to whom good wages will be given. The workmen may be at liberty to work by the piece. Also, two apprentices are wanted to the wheelwright business. A. QUARRIER. October 10. if
LAND FOR SALE.—The subscriber offers for sale that valuable estate on which he formerly resided, lying on James River, near the Town of Warminster, in the County of Nelson, lately Amherst. This tract contains nearly two thousand acres—the low grounds are of the most valuable kind, and the highlands immediately adjacent thereto are very fertile and uncommonly level—it might be divided into two plantations to advantage, or continued in one, as might suit the owner. The houses are new and ample sufficient for the comfortable accommodation of a family—A more minute description is deemed unnecessary, as it is presumed the purchaser will view and judge for himself. The subscriber will only observe that the place is very healthy, lies in a fine neighborhood, and commands, perhaps, as many advantages as any other situation that is offered for sale in the state. One fourth of the purchase money will be required on the first of January, when possession will be given; and the balance will be divided into nine equal annual instalments, without any charge of interest if the principal be punctually paid—A large crop of small grain will be sown in good order, and the purchaser may be accommodated with corn &c. sufficient for a year's supply. Letters directed to Buckingham Court-House, or to Warminster, would be soon received and attended to. In my absence, my brother Mr. Joseph C. Cabell will show the land to any person desirous to purchase. September 1. WM. H. CABELL. if
NOTICE.—All persons concerned are required to take notice, that we have sold the debts due to the late concerns of Robert Pollok and Co. of Richmond, & Dunlop, Pollok and Co. of Manchester, to Messrs. Tompkins and Murray of Richmond, and that payments hereafter are to be made to them alone, or to those whom they may empower to collect. JAMES & JOHN DUNLOP. Petersburg, Sept. 5.
THOSE indebted to the late concerns of Dunlop, Pollok and Co. of Manchester, and Robert Pollok and Co. of Richmond, are now requested to come forward and settle their respective balances, as longer indulgence cannot be granted: Lawyers and agents having the collection or settlement of debts due either of the above concerns, will be pleased to forward us statements of the business in their hands. TOMPKINS & MURRAY. Richmond, Sept. 5. ep2m
TEN DOLLARS REWARD.—Runaway from the Subscribers, in the early part of April last, near South-West-Point, in Tennessee, a negro man, named MOSES: we suppose him to be about six feet high, well made, a little inclined to be knock-kneed, of a dark complexion, speaks slow when spoken to, and inclines to lie a little: his clothes cannot be described, as he took off a number, and of various kinds. The said negro was purchased by the subscribers, (in February last,) of Martin Turner, of this City, and generally calls himself Moses Turner. He has a wife in this place, and it is supposed he is now lurking some where in this Town, as we have been informed he has been seen here, previous to our arrival. The above reward, besides legal charges, will be given to any person who will deliver the said Negro to Richard Terrel or J. A. Grant, or secure him in any jail so that they get him again. R. TERREL, J. A. GRANT. Sept. 15. if
All persons are strictly forbidden from harboring or employing the above Negro. Also, all Captains of Vessels, or any other person, are forbidden from taking the said fellow out of the State under the strictest penalty of the Law. R. T. & J. A. G.
TO THE PUBLIC.—The subscribers, executors of John McRae, deceased, will, on Tuesday, the seventh day of Nov. next, offer, at public sale, before the tavern of Mr. James Durell, of this town, the following PROPERTY, viz: Twenty-five or thirty Slaves, among which are several good carpenters, distillers, bakers, cooks, and house servants: Two brood Mares, one of which is the celebrated running mare Carolina, with a Florizel colt by her side, and now in foal by Sir Harry: the other a high bred mare also in foal by Sir Harry, together with six or eight saddle and work horses, three milch Cows, carpenter's tools, plantation utensils, &c. The terms of sale will be, for the slaves, a credit of one, two and three years, and for the balance of the property, a credit of twelve months; in all cases, bonds with approved security will be required, to carry interest from the date if not punctually paid. RICHARD McRAE, and DANIEL EPPES, Executors of John McRae, deceased. Petersburg, Sept. 29. 10w
All persons having claims against the estate of John McRae, deceased, are requested to bring them forward for adjustment, and all who are indebted to the said estate, to make immediate arrangements for pay, as no indulgence can be given. R. McR. & D. E.
TO all whom it may concern.—RICHARD SMYTH, a native of Ireland, departed this life on the 18th of June, 1809, without leaving in this State, or in the United States, any relation by consanguinity; and possessed of some Estate in Lands within this Commonwealth, of which, as well as of the United States he had long been a Citizen. His intent was to give the whole to the subscriber, as his Nuncupative Will, now of Record, will sufficiently prove; but the Subscriber hath been advised, that a Will of that kind cannot effect a conveyance of Lands, how far soever it may prove the intent of the Testator, and that the Lands late of the said Richard Smyth do of consequence escheat to the Commonwealth, though contrary to his intent of bequeathing them on a citizen thereof. For that reason, the subscriber has requested the General Assembly, at its ensuing session, by Petition, to carry the intent of the said Smyth into execution, by releasing the interest of the Commonwealth in the Lands whereof he was possessed, or entitled to within the same, to the Subscriber. DAVID DOTY. if
FOR SALE, Sicily, Madeira, and Sherry WINE, by the Hhd. and Bz. case, Green Coffee, Orleans Sugar by the Bhd.; German Plattina Simples by the pibe or case; half pint Glass Tumblers in cases of 1000 each, and New York Soap & Candles.
OX HAND, Madeira Wine, Orleans and Madeira Sugars, Green Coffee, Molasses, Prime Pork, Liverpool and Stone Ware, Souchong, Hyson, Skin, and Gunpowder Tea, Spanish Segars, Raiters, Almonds, Nutmegs, Winson Glass Men's & Women's Shoes, which he will dispose of by wholesale on reasonable terms. July 28. if
Europe.
EXTRACT FROM COBBETT'S SECOND LETTER, TO THE KING OF G. BRITAIN, ON THE MARITIME WAR AGAINST FRANCE.
WE regret, that the following is the only part of the 2d LETTER of William Cobbett to the King, which we can at this time lay before our readers. But it is our misfortune, not our fault.—We have faithfully made our Extracts from the N. Y. Public Advertiser, which has taken care to assure us, that the whole of the 1st, and this fragment of the 2d letter, were all that were in the Dublin papers, then in their possession.—This loss is the more worthy of regret, as in this letter Cobbett had promised to point out to his majesty how the "coasting trade" of France—that great source of her prosperity and of her naval means, as he has described it—may be destroyed, and of course, that vast means of creating a naval force may be cut off. He has, in truth, drawn a sufficiently distressing picture of the evil—and we should have liked to have heard something of his "remedy." Enquirer.
That the time is now fast approaching, when this kingdom will have single-handed to contend for its INDEPENDENCE, and that too, against ALL THE REST of Europe, under the sway of the Emperor Napoleon; this, I think, a position, which no one of these whose interest it may be to deceive the public, will attempt to deny, unless there be grounds for an opinion, that the mild, & christian like, and unambitious nature of that conqueror should induce him to make no attempts against us, merely because we have discovered more enmity towards him than any other people have shown, and because the conquering of us would be more glorious than the conquering of any other people.—Those who think thus may see nothing new, nothing alarming in the present state of the war; but, those who think directly the reverse; those who think that from principles of self preservation, as well as from the passions of envy and revenge, as from love of glory, Napoleon will seek the subjugation of the passions of this kingdom; those persons will perceive, that the battles on the Danube, the subsequent armistice, and the treaty by which it will necessarily be followed, have given to the contest, that decided character which warrants the assertion, that England is now contending for her existence.
This being the case; or, at least, it being so in my opinion, the next thing for me to inquire into is, How we are to maintain this contest? There are two modes of warfare, which we may suppose, Napoleon to pursue; that of waiting, and that of assault. Suppose him to pursue the former, and us to pursue the same mode of warfare that we now pursue, what, I would like your majesty's ministers to explain, must be the consequence of his sitting down quietly, giving rest, and in fact peace, to all his dominions, while he caused us to expend seventy millions a year? How many years would it be possible for us to carry on a war of this sort, which, as far as I can see, need not cost the subjects of Napoleon a sum, which, when distributed, would amount to a farthing a head. I have before explained to your majesty, that all the most useful commercial communications are even now carried on between the several countries under Napoleon's sway; and that, in fact, as far as relates to the prosperity of those countries, our power, as now used, has no effect.—What then, I would be glad to know from your majesty's ministers, should we do, were we to resolve upon a mere menacing, a mere paragraph warfare; if we were to do nothing at all, but merely to say, "you shall not have peace?" In this case the question comes to this: "how long can we continue to expend seventy millions a year?" But, it is not to be believed, that the ever active spirit of Napoleon will suffer him to pursue this mode of warfare. On the contrary, if he should, in the course of a year, have finished his work on the continent of Europe, will he not, as surely as he has life, set himself seriously about his last labour, the fulfilment of his pledge to Lord Whitworth? Upon this supposition, which is indeed, the only rational one, we have next to take a view of his means of attack. He will have in his hands, or completely at his command, all the roads and harbors and arsenals that he could wish for, and many more than he could possibly want.
His means of building and fitting out and managing ships would be inexhaustible. Even during the present war he has, I believe, built two new ships to our one! Having once settled the continent to his liking, how long would he be in creating a navy far superior to your majesty's navy in number? Not equal in skill, and I hope not in bravery, but far superior in numbers; and unless we suppose the French totally incapable of attaining naval skill, we must allow that experience would soon make them formidable. Painful as it may be to contemplate such truths, it would be folly in the extreme for us to shut our eyes against them. If we look, then, at the naval efforts that Napoleon has been able to make even during his great military wars, we cannot refrain from being alarmed at those which he will be enabled to make, when he shall have completely gotten rid of those wars and shall, at the same time, have added to the parts already in his possession, those of Spain & Portugal.
For my part I can see no reason, (if we pursue our present system of warfare) why Napoleon should not, in a year after he has settled the affairs of the continent, have afloat a hundred ships of the line, completely manned and fit for sea. Leaving the Baltic out of the question, there are quite ports and arsenals enough for this purpose—and as to the other means, hemp, pitch, iron, copper, and timber of all sorts, he will have the greater part of them for the formation of what they will cost us. Why, then, should we not put it to your majesty's minister, not have such a fleet in the

year? But suppose he should choose to stop three years. Suppose him capable of re-straining for that length of time his eagerness to conquer this country; and that he has 300 ships of the line fit for sea. Suppose this to be the case, in what a situation should we then be! And if our present mode of warfare be continued, I do not for my part see any reason, nor can I discover any reason, why he should not have such a force, and even in a much shorter time than I have pointed out. Three years is not a long period. The present war has already endured more than six. It therefore becomes us to consider whether we shall have the means of resisting such a force. But, without supposing the existence of any such force as this, no one, I should think, will deny that in the course of two years, at the farthest, Bonaparte, upon the supposition of having settled the continent, will be able to send out several stout squadrons at once, or at nearly one and the same time. Supposing him to do this, and to have from ten to fifteen thousand men on board of each, and to make for Ireland. The chances are that some of them would reach their destination. To watch six or seven stout squadrons would require twice as great a force as we have. In fact, it would, against such a maritime force as we are now supposing, be utterly impossible to guard all the approaches to Ireland, supposing that to be the only object to attend to. But, if Napoleon should have a stout squadron in every considerable port from the Texel to Cadiz inclusive, there will be nothing, that I can see, to prevent him from engaging the attention of the whole of our force, such as it is now, upon the Eastern coasts of England, while he sails for Ireland. From Ferrol, Lisbon, or any of the southern ports, and especially to blockade the whole of his ports, if each contain a stout and well supplied squadron, will be impossible, even if the weather should always be fair, and to blockade a part will be of no use; and therefore, unless we adopt a new mode of warfare, it appears to me quite evident, that the time is at no great distance when the safety of Ireland will depend upon the disposition of the Irish to defend their country against an invasion on the part of the French.
I trust, that no one will dare to tell your majesty, that there is no danger now, because hitherto, the threats of Napoleon have proved harmless; that no one will dare to tell you, that for several years, during the present war, England fought France single-handed, & was very far from losing in the contest. The battle, was, indeed, single handed sometimes; though, during this war, France has actually had to fight Austria, Russia, Prussia, Naples, Spain, and Portugal, and, by way of interlude, she has disposed of about half a dozen principalities, and a popedom. But, whether she had actually to fight them, or not, she knew of their being in existence. There were, at any rate, three great powers, Russia, Austria, Prussia, who though not at war with her might be at war with her at any moment, if a misfortune happened to befall her; so that, in fact, we had then all these powers on our side, for whatever appearances might be, they all hated France at the bottom of their hearts. Now, how different is the state of things! With the sole exception of Russia, there is no power, worthy of being so called left upon the continent, besides France; and, it is but too evident, that before Napoleon again returns to Paris, he will make himself as sure of the obedience of Russia, as he is of that of Holland or Italy. He will, in that case, be freed from all apprehension. There will scarcely remain the possibility of interrupting him in his plans with regard to England; and the whole of his mental as well as the other means of his vast empire, will without doubt, be directed against this kingdom.
I beg your majesty to reflect on this important change in the circumstances of the war. Pared as the nails of Austria were in her last war, she was still a great power; and if she had, by those shallow-headed politicians, who have so often urged our friends on to their own destruction; if she had remained quiet for the present, she might still have been an object of fear with Bonaparte; but she listened to those who hit upon the bright thought of making in Austria a diversion in favor of Spain, and she has paid the price of her credulity. She is no longer a power. It is not to be doubted, that Napoleon will use the rights of a conqueror, and bestow the territories of the emp. for Francis or the great part of them, on those who he can confide in. As to the people, it is evident their wishes will never be consulted; nor does it appear to be at all necessary. They seem to have been very calm and indifferent spectators of the passing events; and so they must have been, seeing that 200,000 Frenchmen were permitted to take possession of their capital, and to overrun their country; a lesson, one would think, well calculated to be useful to other governments, if governments were capable of receiving lessons; if any one ever began to amend until amendment was too late, if any one ever relied upon anything but its power till that power was swept away, and till other means of preservation became useful; if any one ever appealed to anything but the sword, till it was compelled to listen to the sentence—"he who lives by the sword shall die by the sword." This lesson is, indeed, of a nature, one would think, to strike sensibility even into a stone. Eighteen millions of people suffered two hundred thousand to take possession of their country, and that two hundred thousand being seven or eight hundred miles from home! What a lesson! But, what are we to think, when we are told that these eighteen millions of people were full of "loyalty," full of "enthusiasm," in the cause of their country? I beseech your majesty to remark this well; and to bear it in mind when you hear or read the language of courtiers, or of venal writers, or when, from the lungs of contractors or jobbers, you hear those songs, healths, and sentiments, which the unprincipled retailers of news and politics have the impudence to circulate as the effusions of loyalty. How often, alas! were we told of the loyal songs and tunes at the theatres at Berlin and Vienna! How often were we told of those proofs of enthusiastic loyalty, and of hostility towards the French! How many thousands of paragraphs have for our information, been translated from the German papers, in which the writers of that country appear almost to melt away in reading the marks of the people, attached to their "beloved sovereigns." We have seen, and the sovereigns of Germany may have felt, what reliance is to be placed upon such professions and protestations; upon this miserable cant of loyalty; while the sovereign of Spain has seen even those of his nobles nearest to his person, lead the way over to his enemy, and lend their hand to the imprisonment of him,
whom they had formerly addressed on their knees. But, if there is no hope in the dispositions of the people of Austria, or of any other country, and if Bonaparte should become completely master of the whole of the continent, the ports and naval arsenals included, still it may be said, "the sea is ours; let us take that and keep it, if we take and keep the land." True, and so obviously true, that it requires not a moment's reflection. It is evident, that unless we command the seas as completely as we command the land, we must fall. And then the question is, can we do it? If we can, how? Some persons may think perhaps, that the discussions of these questions are unnecessary, seeing that we command the sea now; but from the fact stated in my last letter, it appears that we do not command the sea now; for would it not be absurd to call that a command of the sea, which permits a convoy of 200 or 300 vessels of the enemy to pass (coastways,) unmolested, and to carry on uninterrupted, between the countries of the enemy, all that sort of commerce which is essential to their mutual comfort and prosperity, and which furnishes the enemy with all the means of forming, in a short time, a vast naval force? Yes, it would be absurdity itself, to give to this the name of absolute command of the sea. We have an absolute command upon the sea where we cannot injure the enemy, unless he chooses to come out to us; but as to that sort of command, which is capable of really annoying him, and preventing the growth of his naval power, if we have it, it is manifest, that we turn it to no account. The expedition now, perhaps, in the act of attacking the enemy, may, indeed, do some service; that is a sort of command of the sea, which, if the effect be proportioned to the means, must tend to the great object, at which I aim, the destruction of the enemy's valuable commercial intercourse; and of course of his means of rapidly rising, and sending forth a navy, equal, or superior, in numbers, to that of England.
But, sir, if this mighty armament; this really great force; this, probably, more than half of the force which England can command, is intended to do nothing, or should be able to do nothing, but merely to capture an island, to keep which will require very great strength and expense, and which, after all, is of no great consequence; if this, even adding to the destruction of a few ships of war and a naval arsenal; if these are to be the achievements of, perhaps, 80,000 men, by land and sea, and of an expense of millions; if not to reckon the loss of lives, such effects are to be purchased with such means, what must be our situation before this day five years? At this rate of proceeding, according to this mode of carrying on the war, the destruction of every French ship will cost us half a million of money. Besides, shall we, when Napoleon has settled the affairs of the continent, dare attempt such a mode of warfare? If, instead of his now having a war in Spain and another in Austria, he had no war but his war with us to attend to; should we in that case, have attempted this expedition? It is clear that we should not have dared to attempt it, because when our force was bent towards the Scheldt, he would have had, from several ports to the southward, squadrons sailing out for Ireland, or other ports of the sea islands. If, at a time when Napoleon has wars in Spain and Austria, and while he himself is, perhaps, 700 miles distant from our point of attack; if, at such a time, under such circumstances, it requires such an armament to destroy a few French ships, what can we expect to be able to do, when these circumstances shall be totally changed, and when not one circumstance favorable to us will remain?
CONTINUATION OF NEWS VIA BOSTON. ENGLISH OFFICIAL ACCOUNT.
DESPATCH From Lord Viscount WELLINGTON (WELLESLEY) to Lord CASTLEREAGH, dated DELETOSA, Aug. 8, 1809.
MY LORD, I apprized your Lordship on the 1st inst. of the advance of a French corps towards the Puerto de Banos, and of the probable embarrassments to the operations of the army, which its arrival at Placentia would occasion; and these embarrassments having since existed to a degree so considerable as to oblige us to fall back, and to take up a defensive position on the Tagus; I am induced to trouble you more at length, with an account of what has passed upon this subject.
When I entered Spain, I had a communication with Gen. Cuesta, through Sir R. Wilson and Col. Roche, respecting the occupation of the Puerto de Banos and the Puerto de Perales, the former of which, it was at last settled, should be held by a corps to be formed under the Marquis de la Reyna, to consist of two battalions from Gen. Cuesta's army, and two from Bejar; and that the Puerto de Perales was to be taken care of by the Duque del Parque, by detachments from the garrison of Ciudad Rodrigo. I doubted of the capacity of the garrison of Ciudad Rodrigo to make the detachment to the latter but had so little doubt of the effectual occupation of the former, that in writing to Marshal Beresford on the 17th July, I desired him to look to the Puerto de Perales, but that I considered Banos as secure, as appears by the extract of my letter, which I enclose. On the 30th, intelligence was received at Talavera, that twelve thousand rations had been ordered at Puente Dueros for the 28th, and twenty-four thousand at Los Santos for the same day, for a French corps, which it was believed was on its march towards the Puerto de Banos. Gen. Cuesta expressed some anxiety respecting this post, and sent me a message, to propose that Sir R. Wilson should be sent there with his corps.
On the 30th, however, I renewed my application to Gen. Cuesta to send there a Spanish division of sufficient strength, in a letter to Gen. O'Donoghue, of which I enclose a copy, but without effect; and he did not detach Gen. Bassecoart till the morning of the 31st, after we had heard that the enemy had entered Bejar, and it was obvious that the troops in the Puerto would make no defence. On the 31st, we received accounts, that the enemy had entered Placentia in two columns. The Marquis de la Reyna, whose two battalions consisted of only 600 men, man, retired from the Puerto and from Placentia without firing a shot, and went to the bridge of Almaraz, which he declared that he intended to remove; the battalions of Bejar dispersed without making any resistance. The Gen. called upon me on that day, and proposed that half of the army should march to the rear to oppose the enemy, while the other half should maintain the post at Talavera. My answer was, that if by half the army, he meant half of each army, I could only answer that I was ready either to go or to stay with the whole British army, but that I could not separate it. He then desired me to close whether I would go or stay, and I preferred to go, from thinking that the British troops were most likely to do the business effectually, and without contest; and from being of opinion it was more important to us than to the Spanish army, to open a communication through Placentia, although very important to them. With this decision Gen. Cuesta appeared perfectly satisfied.
The movements of the enemy in our front since the 1st, had induced me to be of opinion, that despairing of forcing us at Talavera, they intended to force a passage by Escalona, and thus to open a communication with the French corps coming from Placentia. This suspicion was confirmed on the night of the 31st, by letters received from Sir Robert Wilson, of which I enclose copies; and before I quitted Talavera on the 31st, I waited upon Gen. O'Donoghue and conversed with him upon the whole of our situation, and pointed out to him the possibility, that in case of the enemy coming through Escalona, Gen. Cuesta might find himself obliged to quit Talavera, before I should be able to return to him; and urged him to collect all the carts that could be got, in order to remove our hospital. At his desire I put the purport of this conversation in writing, and sent him a letter to be laid before Gen. Cuesta, of which I enclose a copy.
The British army marched on the 31st to Oropesa. Gen. Bassecoart's Spanish corps being at Centinello, where I desired that it might halt the next day, in order that I might be nearer it. About 5 o'clock in the evening, I heard that the French had arrived from Placentia at Navalmoralejo, whereby they were between us and the bridge of Almaraz. About an hour afterwards I received from Gen. O'Donoghue the letter and its inclosures, of which I enclose copies, announcing to me the intention of Gen. Cuesta to march from Talavera in the evening, and to leave there my hospital, excepting such men as could be moved by the means he already had, on the ground of his apprehensions that I was not strong enough for the corps coming from Placentia, & that the enemy was moving upon his flank, and had returned to Santa Olalla in his front. I acknowledged that these reasons did not appear to me sufficient for giving up so important a post as Talavera, for exposing the combined armies to an attack in front and rear at the same time, and for abandoning my hospital; and I wrote the letter of which I enclose a copy. This unfortunately reached the Gen. after he had marched, and he arrived at Oropesa shortly after day-light, on the morning of the 4th.
The question what was to be done, was then to be considered. The enemy, stated to be thirty thousand strong, but at all events consisting of the corps of Soult and Ney, either united or not very distant from each other, and supposed by Marshal Jourdan and Joseph Bonaparte, to be sufficiently strong to attack the British army, stated to be twenty five thousand strong, were on one side, in possession of the high road to the passage of the Tagus at Almaraz, the bridge at which place we knew had been removed, although the boats still necessarily remained in the river.
On the other side we had reason to expect the advance of Victor's corps to Talavera, as soon as General Cuesta's march should be known, and after leaving 12,000 men to watch Venegas, and allowing from 10 to 11,000 killed and wounded in the late action, this corps would have amounted to 25,000. We could extricate ourselves from this difficult situation only by great celerity of movement, to which the troops were unequal, as they had not had their allowance of provisions for several days, and by success in two battles. If unsuccessful in either, we should have been without a retreat; and if Soult and Ney avoiding an action had retired before us, and had waited the arrival of Victor, we should have been exposed to a general action with 50,000 men, equally without a retreat.
We had reason to expect that as the Marquis de la Reyna could not remove the boats from the river Almaraz, Soult would have destroyed them.
Our only retreat was, therefore, by the bridge of Arco Bispo; and if we had moved on the enemy, by breaking that bridge while the army should be engaged with Soult and Ney, would have deprived us of that only resource.
We could not take possession at Oropesa, as we hereby left open the road to the bridge of Arco Bispo from Talavera by Calera; & after considering the whole subject maturely, I was of opinion that it was advisable to retire to the bridge of Arco Bispo, and to take up a defensive position upon the Tagus.
I was induced to adopt this last opinion, because the French have now at least 50,000 men disposable to oppose to the combined armies, and a corps of 12,000 to watch Venegas; and I was likewise of opinion, that the sooner the defensive line should be taken up, the more likely were the troops to be able to defend it.
Accordingly I marched on the 4th, and crossed the Tagus by the bridge of Arco Bispo, and have continued my route to this place, in which I am well situated to defend the passage of Almaraz and the lower parts of the Tagus. Gen. Cuesta crossed the river on the night of the 5th, and he is still at the bridge of Arco Bispo.
About two thousand of the wounded, have been brought away from Talavera, the remaining fifteen hundred are there; and I doubted whether, under any circumstances it would have been possible or consistent with humanity, to attempt to remove any more of them.
From the treatment which some of the soldiers wounded on the 27th, and who fell
into the hands of the enemy, experienced from them, and from the manner in which I have always treated the wounded who have fallen into my hands, I expect that these men will be well treated; and I have only to lament, that a new concurrence of events, over which from circumstances I had and could have no control, should have placed the army in a situation to be obliged to leave any of them behind.
I have the honor to be, &c. (Signed) ARTHUR WELLESLEY.
DESPATCH From Rear Admiral Sir Charles, to the hon. W. W. Pole, dated H. M. Ship St. Domingo, off Bahia, Aug. 27.
I have now to acquaint you, for their lordships, information, that the flat boats of every description of vessels, being assembled, and every necessary arrangement made on the part of the navy, for landing our army near Sanfiet, on the beach which had been previously reconnoitred, and not hearing from the Earl of Chatham, respecting his intentions, I commenced with his lordship on the 24th inst. and on the following day I found his lordship had not come to a determination, on account of the increased force of the enemy, and the army getting sickly, and that he had sent for the generals to consult; I, therefore, on the morning of the 26th wrote to his lordship, and I soon after went on shore to the meeting of the Lieutenant Generals of the army, taking with me rear admiral Sir R. Keates. I found them decidedly of opinion that no operation could be undertaken against Antwerp, with any prospect of success, at this advanced season of the year, & the enemy increasing in strength, and our own force diminished by sickness; and that as the taking of Lillo and Liefkenshoek would not ensure our obtaining the ultimate object of the expedition, without Antwerp being reduced, and the country near these fortresses being inundated, it was also their decided opinion, that the army ought not to make any attempt on them. I had already, in the most qualified manner, offered every naval assistance to reduce these fortresses, and also in aid of every other operation of the army. Conceiving the subject of the deliberations of the Generals perfect, I withdrew with Sir R. Keates. The ships of the enemy, which were above the town of Antwerp about five miles, have come down, and are now extended along the river face of it, except two of the line lower down, in the reach above Liefkenshoek; and four frigates went to Lillo. An immense number of small gun-boats are on the river; behind them a crescent of sixty guns and mortar brig. The battery between Lillo and Frederick Hendrick is finished; it has ten guns. The enemy has been driven from that which he was constructing on the Dols side with loss, by the fire of our bombs and gun-vessels.
FRENCH OFFICIALS OF AFFAIRS IN SPAIN.
SPAIN. MADRID Aug. 10, 1809.
PROCLAMATION OF THE KING. "SOLDIERS!—It is scarcely 15 days since 120,000 enemies, consisting of English, Portuguese and Spaniards, who marched from different points, rendezvoused under the walls of my capital; but united on the 26th of July, at the bridge of Gaudarama, the 1st and 4th corps, and the reserve defeated on that day the enemy. On the 27th, he repassed, in great haste, the Alberche. On the 28th, attacked in a position, judged invulnerable, 80,000 men have not been able to contend against 40,000 French. From that time, renouncing their chimera of conquest, they have thought but of safety, and have abandoned the field of battle. More than 6,000 English, wounded, are in our hospitals."
"The least of our corps, the 1st, was judged sufficient to observe, and keep in check this army, still so numerous in spite of its losses. It remained upon the Alberche whilst the four corps and the reserve set out on the 29th to seize on Toledo, besieged by the army of La Mancha, and that of Madrid, menaced by the same army, have forced the enemy, already within four leagues of the capital to relinquish its prey. It has passed the Tagus in the greatest haste, and flies towards the Sierra Morena, after having abandoned some thousands of killed, wounded, and prisoners. The 2d, 5th and 6th corps are following the rear guard of the enemy's army. These corps formed a junction with the 1st corps at Oropesa the 7th of August."
"The English fly in every way in disorder, and by roads hitherto judged impracticable to artillery. The 2d and 5th corps are pursuing them."
"Soldiers, you have saved my capital, the King of Spain thanks you; you have done more, the Brother of your Emperor sees fly before your eagles the eternal enemy of the French name."
"The Emperor will know all that you have done, he will acknowledge the brave who have made themselves conspicuous among the brave, those who have received honorable wounds; and if he says to us, I am content with you, we shall be sufficiently recompensed."
"JOSEPH." H. Q. Toledo, Aug. 9, 1809.
ANOTHER EXPEDITION.
September 3.
A part of the force in Zealand is destined on another expedition; which is not to be entrusted to the knowledge or direction of the somnolent Earl of Chatham. The troops are to be provisioned for a month; consequently cannot have a very distant destination.
By the occupancy and retention of the island of Walcheren, it is true, we as effectually put the French squadron in the Scheldt hors du combat, as if Lord Chatham had effectually executed his orders to "sink, burn and destroy them." But this does not apologize for his sleepiness. When the expedition arrived off the Dutch coast, the elements conspired to animate the Commanders with a part of the spirit of the immortal Nelson. The wind blew a fair & strong gale, directly up the Scheldt;—and had the hero of the Nile been in the command, he would not have condescended to notice either Walcheren, nor Beveland, nor Schouwen; but have dashed immediately up the river; and at the very moment when Lord Chatham was parading before Flushing, would have been thundering at the gates of Antwerp; and applying the torch of destruction to the floating fleet of his enemy. Alas! alas! how long are we to continue to entrust supernumerary parade officers with commands, which ought only to be given to vigorous experience & hardihood. The perusal of the official despatch of A. S. Rach, will shew what our gallant tars think of Noble land Commanders.
A great part of the army in Holland is to be employed upon another service immediately. Though all has not been done that was expected, yet let us not shut our eyes to what has been done. The Scheldt is shut up and the enemy's fleet, by the occupation of Walcheren, are rendered of little use to the enemy. All the intelligence by the Mails from the North indicates, that those courts were changing their policy. The British commandant, in consequence, has permitted the provisioning; and the court of Copenhagen has opened its ports, both of the islands and the German provinces, to neutrals. At the same time, Napoleon is establishing his army of Custom House officers, to enforce his decrees from Holland to Riga. It is also said that the courts of Russia, Sweden and Denmark have concluded a treaty for maintaining peace in the Baltic.
PARIS, August 10. The minister of war states, in his speech to the senate, that the command of the army of the Scheldt, has been given to the Prince of Ponte Corvo; and the command of two corps of observation formed at Wessel and Ruyper, or according to other accounts, at Wessel and Lillo, to the Duke of Valmy. (Marshal Kellermann) and the duke of Cornegliano (Marshal Moncey).
Aug. 19—A decree has been issued by the prefect of the department of the Seine, dated the 18th inst. in which, in pursuance of orders received by him, and in consideration of the present diminution of the garrison of Paris, and the National guard of Paris is ordered, that the National guard of Paris be put again into active service, within the city; for which purpose, the necessary preparations have been made.
LATEST VERBAL NEWS FROM SPAIN.
NEW YORK, Oct. 23. Last evening arrived at this port, the very fast sailing brig Wheeler, Grimaldi, from Malta, and 29 days from Malaga. Capt. G. did not bring any Spanish newspapers, but informs us, that the British army was retreating to Lisbon as fast as possible.
Captain G. further states, that the Port of Trieste, and other ports in possession of the French in the Adriatic, were shut against neutral vessels by order of the Emperor Napoleon.
By the brig Betsey, capt. Wilson, from Lisbon, which port she left in the 31st of August, we learn, that several small detachments of troops from the British army in Spain had arrived in Lisbon, and had taken possession of several of the fortified posts in order to secure the retreat of Sir Arthur Wellesley. (Lord Wellington) and the British army under his command.
We further learn, that about 50 British transports were in the Tagus when the Betsey sailed.
Three British packets were due at Lisbon previous to the sailing of the brig Betsey, and it was the general opinion that they were kept back by the Government. Sir Arthur Wellesley, it was said, was slowly retreating towards Lisbon.
PHILADELPHIA, Oct. 25. By the arrival of the Montesquieu, Capt. Wilson, from Tonningen, our commercial advices assume a more cheering aspect than they were at the last accounts—most of our vessels had safely reached their port of destination, where they met with little or no difficulty in the disposal of their cargoes. Several vessels which had been under seizure had been liberated by the Danish government, and permitted to proceed.
Captain Wilson left Tonningen the 4th of Sept. but brings no political intelligence. At that date they had certain accounts of a peace being concluded between France and Austria. Gaz.
BOSTON, Oct. 24.
FROM MALAGA. Yesterday the brig Joseph, Capt. Foster, arrived at this port, in 33 days from Malaga; bringing the Malaga Diary to the 19th September. Captain Foster states that the best informed in Malaga were extremely anxious for the fate of their country and themselves; considering their case as hopeless, if Austria made peace, which was expected. Refactory.
THE FRENCH ARMIES. The paper of the 19th Sep. states that the divisions of Marshals Ney and Soult had separated. The former had proceeded towards Salamanca. Soult's army occupied the high lands of Estramadura; his head quarters were at Placentia.
SIR ARTHUR WELLESLEY. The paper of the 19th, contains the following notice.
BADAJOZ Sept. 4. Yesterday arrived in this city his Excellency Sir Arthur Wellesley, Comma-dor in Chief of the British army, who immediately sent his respects to the two members of the Junta, now in this city, and to the Bishop of this diocese. His compliments were reciprocated with every demonstration of respect and gratitude.
Badajoz, where Sir Arthur Wellesley was on the 4th of Sept. is on the river Guadiana, and near the border of Portugal, about a hundred miles S. W. from the Puente del Arco Bispo, from which his former despatches were dated. No long is said of the situation of his army.
The poor Spaniards were amused, the day Capt. F. sailed, with another story of a violation of the Armistice by the French and a victory gained by the Austrians. The chances of such an event have ceased. There had been no battle in Spain since that of Talavera.
Domestic.
A New York tory print, states that the Spanish minister of the Junta, Don Onis, has and has not been received; that is, he has been received with uncommon attention by the president of the U. States. (and as the greater of course includes the less, he must have been received with common attention) On the other hand it is said in the paper alluded to, that he has not been received as an accredited minister, while Spain remains in her present situation.
This is exactly a course corresponding with the conduct of our government on former occasions. When the French revolution took place, M. Talon, presented himself to president Washington as the minister of the French king, he was treated with all the politeness and attention that could be

New means of destroying an Army!!
The Editor of the N. Y. Evening Post assures us, on the credit of "an intelligent Spanish officer lately from Spain," that it is "a hopeless attempt for Bonaparte ever to think of conquering that country—that he may overrun it, but never can subjugate it—that it is not, however, by opposing large armies to large armies the Spaniards expect to succeed, but in the less splendid but equally destructive mode of warfare, which consists in cutting off every individual that straggles from his camp, so that the French will never be able to consider themselves masters of a foot of ground more than is actually and immediately occupied by their army—and that the country is so entirely devastated, that not even refreshments can be found for the traveller within 100 miles of Madrid—and that it is a fact, that the French army subsists entirely on provisions and forage brought all the way from France."
Mr. Coleman and his friend "the intelligent Spanish officer"—have "two strings to their bows"—two ways to their hopes. Either the French are to be cut up, one by one; or, they are to be starved out of the kingdom. Surely a more notable expedient has not been devised for the destruction of an army, since the times when the hosts of Assyrians were overthrown by the mice stealing into their camps, during the night, and gnawing up their bowstrings.
The Spaniards, who had not the spirit to meet their enemy in the field, are then to destroy the whole, by cutting off every man of them that straggles from his camp! This sly mode of ambuscade and assassination is to be their substitute for valour and resolution in the field. This is surely saying very little for the honor of their countrymen!—The first doubt, however, which strikes us, is, why was not this ingenious project for destroying an army never discovered before? A single assassin lurking about the skirts of a camp, might have saved all the expense of regiments and artillery. A Bobadil might be a match for an army. It is wonderful, that this mode of tactics was never previously tried upon the French in Italy, the peculiar region of the stiletto, on the mountains of Switzerland, or in the plains of Austria. But it would be peculiarly wonderful, if the French officers, who are distinguished by the regularity of their discipline, would suffer their troops to straggle into the midst of danger—or that they, who are so ready to provide for the safety of their men on other occasions, would not have recourse to such precautions and punishments, as would drive these prowling wolves from the skirts of their camps. Besides, an expedient of this description would necessarily consume a considerable time. Allowing two men per night, it would take more than 68 years to destroy an army of 50,000 troops. Years would elapse in this process of dilatory murder—until those few keen spirits, who had risen to resent the wrongs of their invaders, would grow satiated with blood, and retire to "the dull pursuits of civil life." Meantime, the Spaniards themselves would recruit the ranks of their invaders. The French yoke would grow familiar and easy. The conquered would incorporate themselves with the Victors—and all this murderous spirit of resentment would gradually melt away.
"But the French, it seems, will not escape famine, though they may escape the sword." And it is thus, that political fanatics, who always consult their prejudices alone, have shut their eyes against the most obvious truths!—Were these men ignorant, that the French armies have the most perfect commissariat in the world—that they have never wasted, like Sir A. Wellesley's army, days without their due "allowance of provisions," and two days together without any food—that even during the severest of their trials under Dupont, they had always something to eat? Are these men so superstitious as to believe, that the Spanish territory is "overrun" by the French, the land will be cursed with sterility, and will deny her fruits to the victor, who industriously solicits her favours? Has Italy denied her usual olive to Murat—or has the soil of France withheld her vines from the dominion of Napoleon? The truth seems rather to be, that the government of Joseph will give a new spring to the agriculture and arts of the Spanish nation—that, as soon as confidence & peace shall be restored, the men will return to their old occupations—and every thing will become more abundant, except monks and inquisitors, because the spirit of the French enterprize will give a new impulse to the torpor of the Spaniards.
But should the land have denied her fruits, are not the coasts open to the French? At this moment many of the sea ports are in their possession—and in a few weeks more, the whole of the Atlantic coast will be under their direction. Will they not throw open these markets to provisions, if they should want them—and will foreign merchants be so insensible to their interests, as not to brave even the terrors of a British fleet, in the search of their exorbitant profits? We learn, that provisions are now uncommonly cheap at Cadiz and Lisbon, although Sir A. Wellesley is said at this moment to be hunted by all the dogs of famine. In their situation, however, the French would not be as miserable purveyors for their troops, as the Spanish Junta have proved to their allies. The Spaniards must trust to other expedients than these, for their emancipation—and the American people must look to other sources of information, than to Mr. Coleman and the "intelligent Spanish officer lately from Spain."
Mr. Humphrey Marshall has asserted, in "the Western World," that President Jefferson, "required of G. Britain to relinquish the practice of entering and searching (in time of war) such neutral merchant vessels as they met at sea."—It is thus, that whensoever truth will not serve the turn of federal partizans, tricks must be resorted to.
If Mr. M. was ignorant, that at no period of Mr. J's Administration, was such a general demand made—that in not one of his messages, in no part of the diplomatic correspondence, is the search for contraband objected to—which shall we think of the ignorance of that man? But if he knew better, what opinion shall we form of his candour, his generosity or truth?
BRITISH FINANCES!
If a man that was unacquainted with the arts and tricks of financing, were told, that in a nation, the most commercial of any in the world, and which owes by far the greater part of her riches to commerce, the annual expenses were greater than her imports and exports put together—her annual loans equal to 1-10th of the revenue of the people—her mass of public debt more than all her land, was worth at its present price, such a man would be filled with astonishment. He would be sure to pronounce, that no nation whatever could stand under such a pressure—and that she must be on the very eve of bankruptcy. Yet, such is the situation of Great Britain, at this moment!
From official tables, which have been lately published, we learn that the expenditure of Great Britain for the last year, was £ 75,669,641 : 8 : 21-4 Sterling : just £ 336, 309,513. 87-3/4. That the imports of England, for the same time, were £ 29,153,101, and Exports £ 34,586,042, amounting to £ 283,285,030.
That the Interest on the unredemed funded debt, was £ 20,701,252 : 0 : 4 1/2, besides charges of its management £ 296,757 : 16 : 1 1/2, and interest on exchequer bills £ 1,374,361 : 18 : 5.
That the loan for that year was £ 15,257,211 : 19 : 3—and for the present year, scarcely less than 20 millions :
And that, ere this at least, the public debt of England is not less than 700 millions of pounds Sterling.
Count this sum in our own current coin, and it will make, upwards of 3113 millions of dollars.
Lay it off in a line of guineas close to each other, and we are told, that it will stretch upwards of 12,000 miles.
Change it into shillings and place them in a similar manner, and it will be long enough to encircle the globe eleven times.
Reduce it to silver, and we are told, it will weigh 210,000,000 lbs.—which at 2 tons per wagon, will occupy 10,500 wagons, and with 1000 lbs. to each horse, require 210,000 horses to draw it.
Divide it among the whole population of the British Empire—and it will draw 195 dollars, from every man, woman and child, to discharge it. It is asked, how such a gigantic system, of public debt and annual waste is supported; and how men with capital can be persuaded to loan millions, every year, to the government—the answer is, to be sought for in their system of financing. Such as grant the loan, are not compelled to retain the debt in their hands, with the privilege only of drawing the annual interest—but the debt is made transferable—it passes from one to another—those who vend the loan to the Exchequer to-day, may go into the market next morning to dispose of it to others—thus while in their hands, it is a representative of as much money, as may be had for in the market.
It is not like a Bank-Note, which may at any time be presented to the Bank to be commuted into money—it rather resembles Bank-Stock, which is made transferable from one hand to another, without the privilege of being presented to the bank for payment in coin. Something is received by the holders of both—at stated periods. What is paid on one is called dividend—the other, interest. There is this difference. Dividends fluctuate according to the business done in Bank. Whereas Interest is always stationary and fixed.
The comparison holds good in another respect—So long as there are Dividends paid by the Bank, its Stock retains a Value. It is a subject of traffic and trade.—In the same way, so long as the government discharges the interest on the public debt, that debt retains a value, and new loans can be effected.
It is therefore a maxim in the British Exchequer, that, so long as the Government is in a situation to pay off the interest of the public debt, new loans can be made, and new resources can be had for the most extravagant of its projects.—Every man sees, how these debts operate as an incumbrance upon an innocent posterity—as a permanent rent imposed by the prodigality of an incumbent, operates as an incumbrance on all future heirs—how every sum of money, which is drawn by Mr. Canning from the pockets of Stock-Jobbers, for all his wild and wasteful projects, for his idle expeditions to Zealand and to Spain, will, so long as the present constitution of G. B. continues, entail a new tax upon successive generations, and take so much bread, and ale, so many comforts and conveniences from the people of England—how these unfortunate people are now ground down by the payment of 25 millions in taxes for the interest of the debt, exclusive of the other disbursements of annual extravagance—and how these taxes blend themselves with the prices of every article in England, and lend a new burthen upon the prosperity of the arts, the trade and the manufactures of the nation.
It is strange, how any man should have maintained, that a Public Debt was a Public Blessing. Even in the light, in which it was viewed by the statesmen of England, at the period of their revolution when there was no public debt, "as a security of a new prince not firmly settled on the throne"—as a means of "concerning a certain set of people merely to preserve that government, which they had trusted with their money," even in this light, the public debt of England has now grown to such an enormous size, as to go near to destroy the benefit of the maxim. For, perhaps, there are more persons, interested in shaking off the public burdens by a revolution of the government, than there are creditors disposed to perpetuate its corruptions.
Should Bonaparte ever effect a landing in England—then, we shall see whether the public debt, with all the colossus of taxation, interest, and bank-paper, which support it, will ever form one of the efficient means of her resistance.
* Swift's "Conduct of the Allies."
Within a few days, two persons have been found guilty, in the city of New York, of "uttering counterfeit bank notes, knowing them to be such." The fact of forging was not made out.—The evidence adduced on these trials, proves, that an ingenious and a general plan has been laid, perhaps throughout the U. S. for circulating the counterfeit Notes of different banks.
It seems, that these Notes are manufactured and sold in Canada—where there is a general manufactory established for this purpose. Like the two thieves in the Butcher's shop, the buyer and seller expect to escape punishment by a division of the offence. He that forges the notes in Canada, does not "utter" them—And he that utters them in the United States, does not forge them.—They are however apt to be deceived in both cases. The forgers in Canada (as appears from an article in this paper) have been punished, for "a conspiracy to defraud the subjects of the government of the U. S." The utterers in New York have been nabbed for the mere passing of counterfeits, "knowing them to be such."
The two convicts in question were part of a gang, who had some time before arrived in the city of New-York from Boston "with a considerable quantity of counterfeit notes on different banks, which, it appeared, they had there purchased, at prices proportioned to the neatness of the execution, and the exactness of the imitation of the genuine notes. They were most commonly purchased at ten dollars the hundred. It further appeared in evidence, that those counterfeit notes were manufactured in Canada, from thence transmitted to Boston, where deposits are established."
and from whence they are circulated throughout every part of the U. S."
MARRIED. Mr. Thomas Marshall, eldest son of the Chief Justice of the U. S. to Miss Margaret Lewis, eldest daughter of Mr. P. Lewis of Charles City County.
"DEATH! great proprietor of all, tis thine To tread out empires; and to quench the stars! The sun himself, by thy permission shines, And, one day, thou shalt pluck him from his sphere!"
We have to record another striking instance of the frailty of human life—of the brief, feeble, and precarious tenure on which the most ample worldly positions are held. "Man's life consisteth not in the abundance of the things which he possesseth."—Col. JOHN BEALE, a gentleman of large fortune, and great worth and respectability, departed this evil and deceitful life, on Saturday the 21st Instant, after an illness of eleven days. He was arrested at this place by the king of terrors, on his way to Baltimore from his late residence, in Botetourt County. From a state of apparent perfect health, he was suddenly laid on a bed of languishing; and from the height of sublunary prosperity, precipitated down "to the valley of the shadow of death." He has left a disconsolate family to bewail this severe and unexpected stroke of divine Providence. To them we would say, "Haste—haste—he lies in wait; he's at the door; insidious death!" Therefore, "Be ye also ready!"—Fredericksburg Herald.
Richmond Theatre.
The public are respectfully informed, there will be no postponement on account of weather.
Mr. & Mrs. CLARKE'S BENEFIT.
On Wednesday Evening, November 1, 1809, will be presented, Schiller's celebrated Tragedy, of
THE ROBBERS.
Of this most extraordinary production, it is probable that different opinions may be formed by the Critics, according to those various standards by which they are in use, to examine and to rate the merit of Dramatical compositions; but all will acknowledge it to abound with passages of the most superior excellence, and to exhibit situations, the most powerfully interesting that can be figured by the imagination. This Tragedy touches equally those great master-springs of Terror and of Pity. It exhibits a conflict of the passions, so strong, so varied, and so affecting, that the mind is never allowed to repose itself; but is hurried on through alternate emotions of compassion and abhorrence, of anxiety and terror, of admiration and regret, to the catastrophe. The language too, is bold and energetic, highly impassioned, and perfectly adapted to the expression of that sublimity of sentiment which it is intended to convey. It has been translated into every European language, and performed at the various Theatres, with a success correspondent to its merit.
After the Tragedy, will be performed, by Children only, a Ballet, called
THE HUNTERS, AND THE MILK MAID.
In the course of the Ballet, will be introduced, the celebrated
GAVOTTE DE VESTRIS:
BY MISS C. FLAQUE and MISS SULLY. THE EVENING'S ENTERTAINMENT to Conclude with (for the first time here, these 3 years,) the much admired Musical Farce of
THE QUAKER, OR, THE MAY-DAY DOVER.
The public are respectfully informed, Mrs. Placide's Benefit will take place on Friday Evening next.
THE SUBSCRIBERS, HAVE formed a connexion in business, under the Firm of MUTTER & STEWART.
October 31. I HAVE REMOVED TO RICHMOND. BENJ. BOTTS.
October 31. WANTED to purchase or hire, a good house SERVANT—Apply at the Enquirer Office.
October 31. CASH will be given, for a good male House SERVANT, and female COOK.
October 31. PROPOSALS in Council, Oct. 24, 1809. will be received, by the Executive, until the 4th day of next month, for making and putting on the Iron Work to 30 Carriages for six pounders.
DANIEL L. HYLTON, Clerk of the Council.
October 31. THE SUBSCRIBER, HAVING taken the whole of the large brick Building, belonging to the estate of the late Mr. Wm. Price, on the street leading from the Capitol, will be prepared to accommodate from fifteen to twenty of the Members of the next Assembly.
October 31. JUDITH NELSON.
BUCKINGHAM COUNTY, to wit: TAKEN up, by Susanna Wilcox, a Sorrel Mare, about 4 feet 4 inches high, hanging mane and switch tail, a blemish in each eye, a star in her forehead, and some saddle spots on her back; supposed to be ten or twelve years old last spring; Also, a young sorrel colt by her side, said to have been foaled since she was taken up, both appraised to the sum of 25 dollars. A Copy. R. ELDRIDGE, jr. B. G. W3W
FOR SALE, a Tract of LAND, in the county of Bedford, about 12 miles from Lynchburg, and two from New-London, adjoining Messrs. James Stetson, N. Reed and Wm. Irvine. This Land lies in an agreeable neighborhood, and has many other recommendations. The Land will be shown by Robert Bradfute, living on the same. The terms of sale may be known by applying to me, in Richmond, or to Capt. William Irvine. DAVIDSON BRADFUTE. October 31. W4W
N. B. A few likely young Negroes, will be taken in part payment. D. B.
RAN-AWAY, from my house, on Tuesday, 26th September, a negro woman named MARY, about twenty or twenty-two years old. She is a short black woman and tolerable likely. I expect she will make towards Manchester, as she was lately bought at that place of Mr. John F. Robertson. I believe she was raised by a Mr. Branch near Manchester. I will be thankful to any person who meets with her to have her secured and sent to me; or committed to some jail. I shall willingly pay for any extra expense or trouble that they may be at in securing her, besides the legal fee for asking up. SAML. V. VENABLE. Prince Edward Court House, October 27.
hundred pounds the same currency for their good behavior for two years. The Cuisier of the Hudson bank attended the trials. The prisoners were indicted for a conspiracy to defraud the subjects of this government. An indictment for forgery, which would have put them on a trial for their lives, could not be found. For Judge Powell, who presided in his charge, that he could not legally know any description of bank bills but those of the bank of England, and that it could not be the intention of the English Parliament to protect the property of private banks of another country; of course the only means left to punish these villains were adopted; which was by indicting them as above stated. This communication is made for the purpose of informing the good people of the states, that the most rigorous exertions will be used in this province to detect villains of this description, and prevent its becoming a place of security, where they may feel themselves safe in prosecuting their villainy.
Niagara, Sept. 30.
NEW-YORK, Oct. 24. His Excellency General Histop, Governor of the Island of Trinidad, has come to a resolution not to permit any native of France or of the colonies belonging to France or to nations in alliance with France, to land on that Island, unless they bring an order from his Britannic Majesty's Secretary of State for the colonies to him to receive them. The original letter from General Histop is left with Mr. John Juchel, merchant, at the foot of Liberty street near Washington street.
The several Editors in this city are requested to insert this notice as an act of kindness to the unfortunate Frenchmen who have been compelled to leave the Island of Cuba....Mer. Adv.
Extract of a letter from the Captain of the ship Justin, of this Port, to his owner in this City, dated Gottenburgh, August 29, 1809.
"This being the first opportunity to write you since my arrival here. I was ordered off from entering St. Sebastian's (my port of destination) and every other port in the Bay of Biscay, eastward of Cape Penas, and had my papers endorsed to that effect, by the commander of the British frigate Amazon. I then shaped my course for Holland, where I was again forbid entering Holland, Bremen, or Hamburg, and after being 10 weeks at sea, have safe arrived at this Port, having fortunately escaped capture by the Danish privateers, who have taken several American vessels, but advices have reached this place of their being released; the correctness of which report I am totally ignorant....lb.
NEW-YORK, Oct. 25.
At a late hour last night, the following fact came to our knowledge.
The new Spanish minister, Don Onis, has not been received by our government. He has, however been treated with the utmost attention by the President of the U. S. who assured him that it gave him infinite pain not to be able to receive him as minister, which could not be done while Spain remained in its present unsettled state—and assured him at the same time, that no minister from King Joseph could be received.
The Spanish frigate sails for Cadiz on Sunday, but Don Onis intends to remain in this country.
Yesterday orders were received by our Collector, to grant clearances to the ports of Gijon, St. Andero and St. Sebastian; ports in possession of King Joseph.
NORFOLK, Oct. 27.
Six of the persons concerned in the riot at Liverpool on the 4th of July, were sentenced at the Lancaster Assizes, to 1 year's imprisonment in Bridewell—So says the Liverpool Courier of the 30th of August.
The United States' frigate Constitution, Commodore Rodgers, anchored in Hampton Roads yesterday.
PORT WAYNE, Oct. 3.
A treaty was concluded at this place on the 30th ult. by his Excellency William Henry Harrison, governor of the Indiana Territory, and commissioner on the part of the U. S. with the Miamies, Potawatimies, and Eel river tribes of the Indians; by which they have ceded to the U. S. a tract of land on both sides of the Wabash river, extending from the land heretofore owned by the U. S. around Vincennes, up to within twelve miles of the mouth of Vermilion river. They also ceded by the same treaty a tract of twelve miles wide, extending along the former boundary line, established by the treaty of Greenville, as high up as Fort Recovery.
The foregoing cessions are computed at 2,600,000 acres, & contain some of the finest land in the U. S.
You will be pleased to publish in your paper this letter, for the information of our citizens. Your obedient servant, JOHN JONSTON, Indian agent.
ADVERTISEMENT.
ON Wednesday, the 15th, (if not fair, the next fair day,) of November next, will be sold, on a credit of six months, at the late dwelling of Wm. Puguay, dec'd. in Chesterfield, the Stock of every kind, Household and Kitchen Furniture, & crops of every kind; also, a few NEGROES, the purchasers giving bond and approved security, to carry interest from date if not punctually paid.
All persons having claims against the said decedent, are desired to bring them forward before the day of sale, as I am wishful of closing my administration, as soon as possible, and those who are indebted may be assured no further indulgence can be allowed.
JOHN LEWIS MORGAN, Admr. October 31.
IN COUNCIL, October 24th, 1809.
PROPOSALS will be received, by the Executive, until the 14th day of next month, for furnishing the following TIMBER, viz: 140 pieces of White Oak Plank, 8 feet long, 14 inches wide, 3 inches thick.
 420 do. do. 20 inches long, 12 by 3.  140 do. do. 3 feet long, 4 by 2.  140 do. do. 8 feet long, 9 by 3.  70 do. do. 4 do. do. 9 by 5.  140 Axle Trees, 7 feet long, 7 by 6 of Hickory.  3360 White Oak Spokes, 2 feet 6 inches long, 4 by 2.  1680 Willow Oak Felces, 2 feet 4 inches long, 4 by 3.  280 Black-Gum Naves, 14 inches long, 12 by 12.  140 Pieces of Hickory, 6 feet long, 4 by 3.  210 Pieces of Ash, 7 feet long, 2 by 2.  Seasoned timber will be preferred. DANIEL L. HYLTON, Clerk of the Council. October 31.
bestowed: but he was informed that as long as the destiny of France remained unsettled, that our government could not involve its neutrality by entering into discussions or negotiations, which might be construed into a departure from the neutral character.
In short our government then did not, and our government now will not interfere in the exclusive concerns of a foreign nation, nor involve itself in the fortunes or misfortunes of another government.
The reception which Don Onis has received, is such as the laws of hospitality authorise; this is a fine spacious beautiful peaceful country, where he may choose his place of residence, and manage his own affairs in his own way, unincumbered by too much regulation; and he appears to be so well satisfied with his situation, that he is not disposed to change it for Spain; where, before this time, the authority which sent him here has ceased to exist.
As to any assurance that no minister would be received from King Joseph, it requires very little discernment to discover, that there is no foundation for the assertion; our government was not bound, nor would our government listen to any inquisition on the subject, even from any accredited minister; the whole that the government had to say or do with Don Onis, was to say what they would or would not do in relation to himself, and it would have been excessive impertinence, for any person in his situation to make even an enquiry; an impertinence of which we acquit Don Onis, who has the reputation of an honorable and sensible gentleman.
This part of the story, therefore, that relates to King Joseph, is a British trick; published in a paper, the editor of which receives a stipend of 2,000 dollars a year, indirectly from the British treasury, (for the N. York Evening Post is not the property of Coleman, he is the editor, for the annual stipend of 2,000 dollars)—this trick is therefore intended for Europe, and its purpose is, that it may be published in Europe, to form a part of the machinery for frustrating the good will which prevails between the nations of Europe and the United States; and involving us indirectly in a suspicion of connivance with G. Britain, our most deadly and ferocious enemy.
This conduct of a print, paid by the British treasury, is correspondent with the views with which a minister from the junta was sent to the United States, which we have always considered as a measure instigated by the British influence in Spain. The British emissaries failing to involve our government directly, & failing to overwhelm us with mountains, are now laboring to bear us down with straw; but straw shows how the winds blow: and we have had too much experience in the missions of Liston and Yrujo, and Merry & Rose, to be led away by men of straw!
The same paper tells the public, that clearances are authorised from Gijon, St. Andero, and St. Sebastian; and that these ports are in the possession of King Joseph.
What is the inference?
In the first place, the non-intercourse law does not comprehend that part of Spain, and if we could believe the British prints, that part of Spain was repeatedly taken by the troops of Ferdinand VII and finally abandoned by Ney and Soult; surely then the British emissaries cannot complain that American ships go thither to ports which at the passage of the law they said were in the possession of their allies.
But we are now told that what they said before were all lies, and that it is very wrong to go thither because those ports are not in the possession of our best friends.
There is no end to the inconsistency and impudence of the emissaries of England.
But what will the advocates of American commerce say to it—are they prepared to say that our ships should not go to Gijon, or St. Andero, or St. Sebastian?
We shall see presently—perhaps we shall hear shortly that Gijon, and St. Andero and St. Sebastian are blockaded by a proclamation; but things are drawing to a crisis, when the hirelings of England will lose their stipends, and suffer all the pangs of remorse united with public execration....Aurora.
PHILADELPHIA, Oct. 26.
We have some reason to believe that the negotiations between general Armstrong & M. Hautecour, at Paris, have gone so far as the signature of a convention, subject to the consideration of the emperor of France, and the executive of the U. States. The convention it is said had been dispatched in the last week of August to Austria according to agreement, and was expected early in September. We can only say what we have heard of its tenor, without vouching for its authenticity, tho' we believe the fact to be strictly as stated; that is to say—the ports of France to be open to the ships of the United States, laden, with the produce of the countries subject to the laws and authority of the United States; but no American vessel to import into France the productions of the colony of any other nation; nor the manufactures or products of any other country than the United States; vessels contravening such arrangements to be subject to the same penalties that French ships are subject on contravening the laws of France, to be decided in the courts established by the commercial code book IV. title II. Thro' the same medium we are told that subjects of claims are to become matters of negotiation, under a regulation defined, the term of which was not then fixed; but of which we shall probably learn particulars by the Wasp.
Our readers will take this information as we have received it, and altho' we give it full credit after reasoning upon it, we should not advise any speculations to be made upon it, as this article has no connexion whatever with official communication thro' any channel....Aurora.
HARTFORD, Oct. 23.
On Thursday last, the Hon. General Assembly, appointed his Excellency JOHN TREADWELL, Governor of this state, in the room of his Excellency Governor Trumbull, deceased.
Thomas Day, Esq. is appointed Secretary, in the room of Samuel Wyllys, Esquire, who is unable to attend to the duties of the office.
COUNTERFEITERS DETECTED.
A gang of desperate villains have lately been detected in Upper Canada, in counterfeiting and passing bills of the Columbia bank in this state; five of whom, viz. Charles Norton, alias, Philander Noble, William Smith Crane, Levi Kimble Roberts, Samuel Spring and Joseph Harris, were convicted on the 25th ultimo, and sentenced to six months imprisonment; to stand in the pillory one hour; pay a fine of twenty pounds Halifax currency, and give security in two

Miscellaneous.
[FROM THE LONDON COURIER.]
MEMOIRS OF M. BOULTON, ESQUIRE, F. R. S.
To say merely that the subject of the present memoir was an ingenious man, would convey to the public mind but a very slight idea of his rare, and we may say unrivalled talents. If we wish to see him in his proper colours, we must look upon him as a man who has rendered the most important services to his country; whose happy improvements have made his name justly famous throughout the civilized world; and who will be transmitted to posterity as one of the most worthy supporters of the commercial interests of this country.
Matthew Boulton, son of Matthew Boulton, by Christian, daughter of Mr. Peers, of Chester, was born at Birmingham on the 3rd of Sept. (O.S.) 1728, and was principally educated at a private Grammar School, kept by the Rev'd Mr. Austen, who officiated at St. John's Chapel, Deritend. He learned drawing under Warde, & mathematics under Cooper, &c. He was above the middle stature, and well built; was exceedingly encouraging to modest merit, and fascinating in his manner and conversation.
So early as the year 1745, Mr. Boulton invented and brought to great perfection the inlaid steel buckles, buttons, watch chains, &c. Great quantities of these were exported to France, from whence they were re-purchased with avidity by the English, as the offspring of French ingenuity.
Mr. Boulton's manufactory at Birmingham, being inadequate to his extensive improvements, and further experiments, he, in 1762, purchased a lease of the Soho, at Handsworth, in the county of Stafford, distant about two miles; at that time, a barren heath, on the bleak summit of which, stood a naked hut, the habitation of a warremner. These extensive tracts of common were converted by Mr. B. into the present superb manufactory, which was finished in 1765, at the expence of 3000l. and in the year 1794, he purchased the fee simple of Soho, and much of the other adjoining lands.
Impelled by an ardent attachment to the arts, and by the patriotic ambition of bringing his favorite Soho to perfection, the ingenious proprietor soon established a seminary of artists, for drawing and modelling; and men of genius were sought for, and liberally patronized, which shortly led to the successful establishment of an extensive manufactory of ornaments, in what the French call or moulu ; and these ornaments not only found their way into the apartments of his majesty, but also into those of the nobility and curious of this kingdom, France, and the greatest part of Europe.
Finding that the mill which he had erected, fell infinitely short, even with the aid of horses, of the force which was necessary for the completion of his vast designs, Mr. B. in 1767, had recourse to that master-piece of human ingenuity, the Steam Engine. This wonderful machine was yet in its infancy, and did not at first answer the expectations that had been formed of it. In 1769, Mr. J. Watt of Glasgow, obtained a patent for an improvement in the Steam Engine. This induced Mr. B. to form connections with Mr. Watt, and invited him to settle at Soho, to which the latter consented. In 1775, Parliament granted a prolongation of the patent for 25 years, & Messrs. Boulton and Watt entering into a partnership, established a very extensive manufactory of these Engines at Soho, whence most of the great mines and manufactories in England, continue to be supplied, and they are now applied to almost every mechanical purpose, where great power is requisite.
Amongst the various applications of the Steam Engine, that of coining seems to be of considerable importance, as by its powers, all the operations are concentrated on the same spot. It works a number of coining machines with greater rapidity and exactness, by a few boys from 12 to 14 years of age, than could be done by a great number of strong men, without endangering their fingers, as the machine itself lays the blanks upon the die perfectly concentric with it, and when struck, displaces one piece and replaces another. The coining mill which was erected in 1788, and has since been greatly improved, is adapted to work eight machines, and each is capable of striking from 60 to 100 pieces of money per minute, the size of a guinea, which is equal to between 30,000 and 40,000 per hour, and at the same blow, which strikes the face and reverse, the edge of the piece is also struck, either plain or with an inscription.
"The whole of this expensive and magnificent apparatus (says Dr. Darwin) moves with such superior excellence and cheapness of workmanship, as well as with works of such powerful machinery, as must totally prevent clandestine imitations, & in consequence save many millions from the hand of the executioner; a circumstance worthy the attention of a great Minister. If a gift of one crown was given in Rome for preserving the life of one citizen, Mr. Boulton should be covered with a garland of oak."
About the year 1773, the ingenious art of copying pictures in oil colours, by a mechanical process, was invented at Soho; and under the patronage of the above Proprietor, was brought to such a degree of perfection, as to be taken for originals by the most experienced connoisseurs. This art was brought to perfection under the management of the late ingenious Mr. F. Eginton, who was no less celebrated for his painting on glass.
In 1788, Mr. Boulton struck a piece of gold, the size of a guinea, as a pattern, the letters of which were indented instead of a relief; and the head and other devices, although in relief, were protected from wear by a flat border, and from the perfect rotundity of shape, &c. with the aid of a steel gauge, it may, with great ease and certainty, by ascertaining its specific gravity, be distinguished from any base metal.
Previous to Mr. Boulton's engagement to supply government with copper pence, in order to bring his apparatus to perfection, he exercised it in coining silver money for Sierra Leone, and the African Company; and copper for the East India Company and Bermuda.
Various beautiful medals, of superior workmanship to any of the modern money of this country, of our celebrated naval and other officers have, from time to time, been struck here by Mr. Boulton, for the purpose of employing and encouraging ingenious artists to revive that branch of sculpture.
Since the demise of the late Empress Catherine, Mr. Boulton presented her successor, the late Emperor Paul I. with some of the curious articles of his manufactory, and in return received a polite letter of thanks & approbation, together with a splendid collection of medals, minerals from Siberia, and specimens of all the modern money of Russia. Among the medals, which, for elegance of design and beauty of execution, have never yet been equalled in this or any other country, is a massy one of gold, impressed with a striking likeness, it is said of that monarch.
Our readers will be surprised, when they are told that this unrivalled piece was struck from a die engraved by the present Empress Dowager, who has from her youth taken great delight in the art of engraving on steel.
With a view of still further improving and facilitating the manufactory of steam engines,
* It is justly observed by Mr. Shaw, in his History of Staffordshire, that such a coining mill, erected in the National Mint, would, in case of emergency, be able to coin all the bullion in the bank, at a short notice, without the necessity of putting dollars, or other foreign coin into circulation.
Messrs. Boulton and Watt have lately, in connection with their sons, established a foundry at Smethwick, a short distance from Soho. Here that powerful agent is employed, as it were, to multiply itself, and its various parts are fabricated and adapted together with the same regularity, neatness, and expedition, which distinguish all the operations of their manufactory. Those engines are afterwards distributed to all parts of the kingdom by the Birmingham canal, which communicates with a wet dock belonging to the foundry.
In a national view, Mr. Boulton's undertakings are highly valuable and important. By effecting around him artists of various descriptions, rival talents have been called forth; and, by successive competitions, have been multiplied to an extent highly beneficial to the public. A barren heath has been covered with plenty, and population; and these works, which in their infancy were little known and attended to, now cover several acres, give employment to many more than 600 persons, and are indubitably the first of the kind in Europe.
No expence has been spared to render these works uniform and handsome in architecture, as well as neat and commodious. The same liberal spirit and taste has the great and worthy proprietor gradually exercised towards a flourishing garden and pleasure grounds, which, at the same time that they form an agreeable separation from his own residence, render Soho a much admired scene of picturesque beauty.
The house, which was before much too small for the hospitable purposes of its generous owner, has lately been considerably enlarged.
To comment upon the private character of a gentleman in Boulton's situation would be a useless task; we shall therefore only observe, that as his great and expanded mind formed and brought to perfection, the wonderful works we have briefly endeavoured to describe, so he felt no greater felicity, than that of diffusing happiness to all around him.
Mr. Boulton was not only a Fellow of the Royal Societies of London and Edinburgh, but likewise of that which bears the Imperial Title of the Free and Economical at St. Petersburg, and many other foreign institutions of the highest celebrity in Europe.
For a long time previous to his decease, he had been confined to his room by illness, and his dissolution daily expected. His memory will ever remain dear to the British nation, whose glory was advanced in proportion to his own fame. While we commemorate those great men who have sought their country's honor in the fields of war, we ought not to omit paying a just tribute of applause to those who have promoted arts, industry, and commerce, and diffused plenty and comfort through the realm, by cultivating science, and applying it to the useful arts of peace.
COMMUNICATED BY THE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY OF SOUTH CAROLINA.
Extracts from the Minutes of the South-Carolina Agricultural Society, Oct. 13, 1809.
Two letters from Mr. Robert Hare, jun. of Philadelphia, were presented to the Society, by one of the members, and read, in the following words:
"April 29, 1809. "I have discovered, with regret, that rice cannot be converted into a substance analogous to malt. This appears to result from a radical defect in the mode of germination. To explain this, I must cite those chemical phenomena, on which the conversion of barley into malt depends."
The farina of barley, as of all other vegetable matters, is composed of hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon; but contains not enough of the two first to permit an approach to sugar. In malting, barley absorbs and decomposes much water, and thus obtains such a supply of hydrogen and oxygen, as is requisite to assimilate it more nearly to sugar, in sweetness and solubility. Malt does not, indeed, contain a particle of sugar, but has the same relation to it that one vegetable acid has to another.
Rice, on the contrary, absorbs but very little water, and decomposes less; and after the process of germination is carried as far as in barley, does not yield any sweet or soluble matter.
It is probable that no larger portion of water is decomposed by rice than is necessary to simple germination in all grains, and is attended by a liberation of one of the constituent elements of water: the presence of which in an uncombined state, is demonstrated by a hydrogenous effluvia. The principal decomposition of water by barley, takes place in a subsequent stage of germination, and is not attended by any liberation of hydrogen; for the grain becomes fragrant rather than offensive.
With this portion of water, subsequently decomposed, barley becomes turgid in forty-eight hours after it is steeped in this fluid. Rice does not soften or swell in three days, nor in any following period, except in a small degree.
After being swollen and softened, by immersion in the steep, during the above-mentioned time, barley will, in three days, display its roots. Rice did not exhibit the same marks of vegetation in less than eight.
In barley, the germ and radicle start in opposite directions, the latter externally, the former internally along the back of the grain to the opposite extremity. In rice, the germ and radicle both start externally.
In barley, the progress of the germ is attended by a decomposition of the water previously absorbed; and the approach of the germ to the opposite extremity evinces the completion of the process. In rice, no similar change takes place. The latter, when dried, ground, and infused in hot-water, affords an unsavory fluid, very slightly partaking of the substance of the grain; the former yields a rich, sweet infusion, saturated with soluble matter.
This experiment, as regards rice, I have made on a small scale, but it was conclusive. The process, however, having been subjected to the whole of malting, I fear is no longer fit for any thing, unless it should furnish a material for the distiller. This shall be tried, if agreeable to the wishes of the gentlemen concerned. Its insolubility is no objection in this respect, for potatoes and other insoluble matters have produced spirit, when subjected to fermentation.
I regret that an experiment so liberal on the part of the gentlemen of South-Carolina should have failed to so completely in the very outset. If the season had been less advanced, I would have made preliminary trials to discover the best process with a material so novel, but I had no suspicion of failure on the ground from whence it originated. I had always understood that wheat and rye would malt; and therefore, concluded that the decomposition of water which I knew to take place in barley, was common to all other grains and particularly to rice, the farina of which resembles that of barley, both in appearance and taste."
"PHILADELPHIA, Aug. 7, 1809. "It gave me pleasure to learn by your letter of the 20th June, that my experiment on Rice, though unsuccessful, had been satisfactory to those who so liberally supplied the material. Their wishes in regard to the distillation still be carefully complied with. I do not, however, think that 'rack' can be produced from the grain in its present state, after having been subjected to moisture, germination, and heat. In hot countries, rice, to be made in 'rack' must be fermented; I believe it is so, as this process cannot be carried on, even in our climate, after the warm weather commences. The idea of making fer-
mentation by adding molasses, is a good one; spirit has in Europe been obtained from potatoes by the addition of some saccharine matter. It serves, no doubt, to prevent putrefaction or accessency before the vinous fermentation, which cannot always be done, even with substances most disposed to the latter process."
As to the previous dissication of the rice, which has been suggested to you, I cannot conceive that it would effect on that grain as a material for beer. It would operate first to expel the water, and then those volatile zeolitic principles, of which there is a deficiency that the process of germination supplies, in the case of barley and farinaceous seeds of the same nature."
Let a small quantity of rice be dried, in a shovel over the fire, and then infused. If it afterwards produce no sweet or soluble matter, it cannot be considered as a material for beer. It will make a liquor more like coffee.
I thank you for the Egyptian oats. They have been sent by me to Dr. Mease, secretary of our Agricultural Society, who is an enthusiast in farming."
On motion, it was resolved, unanimously, that Mr. Robert Hare, jun. of Philadelphia, be admitted an honorary member of this Society, for his attention and care in endeavouring to apply one of the principal staples of this country to a purpose not before attempted in America, and for his very lucid and scientific account of his progress.
JOHN CHAMPNEYS, President.
* This is the gentleman who has the care of the Press-Beer and Ale Manufactory in Philadelphia, which are known by the names of Hare's Porter, &c. &c.
TO PURIFY BAD WATER.
A gentleman of our acquaintance has mentioned to us the following method of purifying bad water, which we consider highly important.
The method is simply to put about a tablespoonful of what the Indians call gold flour , into about a pint of water, and let it stand for 15 or 20 minutes, and however bad the water previously was, it then becomes a pure and pleasant drink. The gold flour is thus prepared: Take Indian corn, when ripe enough for roasting ears, or rather harder, boil it in the ear, and afterwards hang it up to dry. When wanted, shell off the necessary quantity of corn, and pound it fine, it is then fit for use, and may be kept a long time or carried any distance. When a tablespoonful of this flour is put into about a pint cup of water, a fermentation immediately takes place, by which all the noxious or pernicious qualities of the water are completely expelled; the fermentation subsides in 15 or 20 minutes, and however impure the water was before, it has by this process become a most pleasant, wholesome and nutritious drink. And from the information we have received, on this subject, we earnestly recommend to all persons travelling from the upper, into the lower country, in the fall season, as well as to those going long voyages by sea, and to persons placed in any other situation where they may be unable to procure good water, to provide themselves with this kind of powder, by which the pernicious effects of unwholesome water, may be effectually and completely guarded against. We are not inclined to enter into any chemical dissertations on this subject, the pernicious effect of bad water is sufficiently known, and an easy method of purifying it must be important, and of all the experiments recommended or made use of for this purpose, we believe the one here suggested, is the most easy, the most completely within the reach of every individual, and the most effectual of any we have before heard of. The gentleman from whom we received this intelligence, informed us that he was a year or two ago travelling in a part of the western country where the water was so excessively bad, that he could not drink it, and that after suffering a whole day for want of water, he happened at night to fall in with an Indian trader, who, on hearing him complain of his suffering for water, told him he would quickly relieve him, and he directly filled a pint cup from a pool of stagnant water near by—into this, he put about a spoonful of the above kind of flour; the water was immediately in a state of fermentation, and after it had stood about 15 or 20 minutes, he handed it to our informant, who found to his surprise, that the drink was not only palatable, but extremely grateful to his taste. He then procured a small supply of the flour to last him the remainder of his journey, and since that period, has always taken care to travel through any part of the country, where the water was supposed to be impure, and from his own experience, he declares the water thus corrected, to be as wholesome, agreeable and nutritious as Augusta Herald.
[FROM THE DEMOCRATIC PRESS.]
IRELAND'S MUSIC AND SONG.
There is at this time publishing in Ireland, a collection of the ancient Irish Airs, with modern Songs, written for the occasion. The work is executing in a style and manner worthy the subjects contemplated. Thomas Moore is writing the Songs. We have seen two numbers of the work, from which we have extracted some of the songs. We cannot, however, be persuaded to their publication, without some introductory remarks, principally intended to remove prejudices, or well-founded disapprobation of the writer of the songs.
Thomas Moore, celebrated as the translator of the Poems of Anacreon, is well known in this country. The knowledge that he was a pensioner of the British Government, was even here forgotten in the fascination of his manners, and the vivacity of his conversation, and he was every where, and in all companies, courted and caressed. It is painful to add that in return for all this kindness and hospitality, Moore, on his return to England, published a book calumniating the citizens of the United States. At a short time after the publication of his Travels, he was engaged to write the words for the Ancient Irish Music, then preparing for the press. On his qualifications for this undertaking, it would be useless to expatiate. Moore's genius and fancy, taste and talents, feeling and judgment, place him in the very first rank of modern poets. The licentiousness of some of his poems has been justly and severely condemned. He has been professedly the public opinion, and chastened his Muse. He has done more; he has burst the fetters of corruption, in which she was bound, and she now soars on the wings of Genius, through the boundless regions of Virtue, Independence and Freedom.
In the songs he has written to Irish Airs, he has touched upon the ancient freedom and valor of the Sons of Erin, and upon their oppression and suffering in the later periods of their history. We lately published one of those pieces, and we propose to publish more, in which the memory of republican America will so warmly sympathize with the feelings of the Poet, and in the cause he advocates, that they will forget her heretofore ingratitude, and rejoice in the acquisition of so sweet and powerful a pleader.
The name of Robert Emmet, will recall to the memory of our readers superior Talents and sublime Virtues, Courage the most intrepid, and Eloquence the most animated and inspiring. Who has read his speech before sentence of death was passed upon him, and has not cursed his murderers, while the tears of pity trickled down their burning cheeks? Emmet and Moore were fellow-students at Trinity College Dublin at an early age; Emmet remained, and with his own ardent attachment to the Freedom and Independence of the country that gave him birth, will be recognized that Emmet represented that man should write his epitaph, all other men and other times should arise, that would permit
justice to be done to the purity of his motives, and the holy cause for which he was martyred. Moore has seized upon this request, and with a heart affectionately alive to the Virtues, Talents and principles of his friend, has introduced to the title of the celebrated Irish Air of "The Brown Maid," the following sweetly poetical verses, as a testimonial of the ardor with which he cherishes the memory of Emmet:
Oh! breathe not his name, let it sleep in the shade Where cold and unhonored his relics are laid: Sad, silent, and dark be the tears that are shed, As the night-dew that falls on the grass o'er his head!
But the night-dew that falls, though in silence it weeps, Shall brighten, with verdure, the grave where he sleeps.
And the tea' that we shed, though in secret it rolls, Shall long keep his memory green in our souls.
Madam Catalani has just received a letter from Mr. Belerofonte, manager of the Theatre of Venice, dated 22d of February last, who offers to her 5000 sequins (about 25,000l.) to sing there during the next Carnival, which is to last about six weeks.
The commendation of Madam Catalani is admirable. She says that from pure respect and gratitude to the English nation, she is willing to accept of 1000 sequins, and two benefits, to sing an Italian song at Convent-Garden Theatre, Loud. J. P.
EDUCATION.—The subscribers propose opening a Boarding-School, on Wednesday, the 10th day of January next, at the late dwelling of their father, the Rev'd. Matthew Maury, in the county of Albemarle, where they will instruct Young Gentlemen, upon the following terms: Their price for board will be eighty dollars, for tuition, $31.3, and for washing & mending $12, payable half yearly, each boarder finding his own bedding. The qualifications of one of the subscribers have been proven for five years experience in this line of business. The other has been educated in the same School, and wants nothing but a few months experience to render his qualifications fully equal. The advantages of the situation are manifestly great, it being in the heart of a healthy and polished neighborhood, and far removed from every incentive to vice and dissipation. The subscribers, deeply impressed with the great importance of the duties which they have assigned themselves, pledge all their powers for their performance. They have a tolerably extensive and well selected historical Library, which shall, during the winter months, be used under their superintendence, for the benefit of their pupils. Should any of those gentlemen, who have patronized the labors of F. Maury, at the Green Springs, in Louisa, choose to place their sons or wards with the subscribers, their bedding, books, &c. shall be removed to this place gratis. Communications directed to the subscribers, Lindsay's Store, Albemarle county, will be immediately attended to.
THOMAS W. MAURY, FRANCIS F. MAURY. September 12. w3f
ABSCONDED FROM THE SUBSCRIBER, on the night of the 7th July last, a Negro man named Stephen, 30 years old, five feet, eight or nine inches high, of a tawny complexion, with a very remarkable scar, on the right side of his forehead, occasioned by a burn he carried with him sundry clothes among them was a black du-rantz coat, constitution cord pantaloon and two cotton shirts. The above negro was purchased of Mr. Joseph Deshield of Northumberland County, to which place I suspect he will endeavor to get, as his parents live in that county. I will give twenty dollars to any person that will apprehend or secure him in jail, so I get him again, or forty dollars for his delivery to me living in Brunswick County. August 22. PETERSON RAWLINGS. w3f
ON Wednesday, December 27, 1809.—At the late dwelling-house of Nathaniel Lancaster, dec'd. about ten miles above the courthouse, in Prince Edward county, on Appomattox river: Will be sold, to the highest bidder, the following PROPERTY, belonging to the estate of the deceased, a valuable stock of Horses, Cattle, Hogs and Sheep, the plantation Utensils, household and kitchen Furniture, too tedious to mention.
Also: Corn valuable NEGROES; also, the crop of Corn, Wheat, Oats and Fodder. A credit of twelve months will be given the purchasers, on their giving bond, with approved security. All those who have legal claims against the estate of the deceased, will be pleased to exhibit them duly authenticated, on or before the day of sale, to enable the administrators to make provision for their payment. All those who are indebted to the estate, will see the necessity of immediate payment as it must be evident no indulgence can be given. JOHN ANCASTER, ROBERT LANCASTER, Admrs. August 18. w3f
HALIFAX COUNTY, October 10, 1809. THE subscriber wishing to remove to the Western Country, offers for sale in this county, 625 acres of Land, whereon he at present resides. This land is equal in quality, to most of the high land in the neighborhood, and superior to a considerable portion of it; it is well adapted to the culture of grain of all kinds, tobacco, cotton, and highly improved with houses, enclosures, &c. and favored with excellent springs of water; altogether affording one of the most pleasant and healthy situations in the country.
The dwelling-house is sixty four feet in length, composed of a centre part 24 by 22 feet, two stories high, and wings of twenty by eighteen feet, covered with heart pine feathered plank and shingles; the underpinning, and chimneys of brick, neatly laid, with convenient fire places, windows &c. in the several apartments. Stair cases, &c. in suitable style. The kitchen is 28 by 16 feet—a meat house 12 by 10 feet, and a dairy 10 by 8 feet, are all framed houses, neatly built, and covered with feathered plank and pine shingles, underpinned with brick; plank and brick floors, as they severally require; with a large brick chimney in the kitchen suitable for cooking, and a cast iron and upper room, with other finishing. These houses are all new and cost upwards of $2,000; there are also, a number of other houses of considerable value and convenience. About 100 acres of the land is cleared, enclosed, & divided into different fields of from 10 to 20 acres, with excellent fences, and in good order for cropping. The residue, except a small part, is wood land, and generally of a fair quality; that hereafter cleared, and likely timbered; the whole lies well, is within two miles of Halifax courthouse, and upon the large trading road to Richmond, and Petersburg, which renders it a most eligible stand for any person wishing to turn his attention to public business. The price required is only six dollars per acre in cash—but if time is wished, it can be given to an extent not exceeding three or four years, upon payment of legal interest. The sale will be made privately, and possession given when required, on application to BERRYMAN GREEN. Oct. 10. w3w
THE Subscriber being licensed to practice the Law, will attend the Superior and Inferior Courts for Henrico, and the Hastings Court of Chancery and Pensions, trusting business to his management may rely on his best efforts for their success. His Office is in the upper story of the Market House in Richmond. M. SULLIVAN. October 24. w3f
COMMITTED to the Jail of the county of Middlesex, the 6th of June last, a negro man, who calls himself DENNIS FOX, a negro man, was born free and raised in the town of Norfolk: He is about thirty years of age, five feet seven or eight inches high, well proportioned, of a very dark complexion, and mark in his face, on when taken up, a light coloured mark Virginia Cloth Coat, a striped Virginia CLO Waistcoat, and blue nankeen pantaloon, but as with him, a number of articles, as the said Negro is supposed to be a runaway, the owner is requested to come forward, prove his property, pay charges and take him away, otherwise, he will be dealt with, as the law directs. AUGUST 11. THO. HEAT, Sheriff of Middlesex county. w3f
PUBLIC SALE, of NEGROES & STOCK. On Monday, the 11th day of December next, will be exposed to sale, at the O. Ks. in the county of Hanover—120 NEGROES, belonging to the estate of the late Judge Lyons, dec'd. amongst whom are carpenters, sawyers & laborers, young and healthy.
A credit of 12 months will be allowed the purchasers, on their giving bond with the most unexceptionable security to the trustees. On Wednesday, the 13th day of the same month, at the late dwelling house of the deceased, will be sold, the household Furniture, with the crop of corn stock and farming utensils. On Friday, the 15th, will be sold, at the plantation, called the Farm, the crop of Corn, the Stock & Hogs, &c. And on Monday, the 19th, will be sold at the Mangrove plantation, in King William county, the crop of corn, stock, &c. The corn and pork will be sold for cash, the other articles on a reasonable credit. All persons indebted to the estate are requested to make payment before the first day of January, 1810, the money being appropriated to uses which will not admit of indulgence. BY THE TRUSTEES. Oct. 10. w3f
WAS Committed to the Jail of Northumberland County on the 17th day of May last, a negro Fellow who calls himself BILLY, he is about five feet, ten inches high, of a jet black complexion, he was sold from this County about fifteen years ago by Griffin Forester to a Mr. Jones of Bedford, and by him to a Mr. Scott of Hawkins County in the State of Tennessee. The owner is requested to apply, prove property, pay charges, or he will be sold to pay his prison fees according to law. JOSEPH ROGERS, Jailor. Northd. County, Oct. 24. w3f
WILL BE SOLD, On Thursday, the 7th December next, if fair, otherwise the next fair day, at the late dwelling house of Thomas Cobb, (J. K.) dec'd. in Buckingham county, eleven Negroes, born SLAVES, consisting of men, women & children, the stock of Horses, Cattle, Sheep, and Hogs, household and kitchen UTENSILS, and plantation Utensils, the crop of Corn and Fodder, &c. Twelve months credit, will be allowed the purchasers for all sums above twenty dollars, on their giving bond with approved security, to carry interest from the date if not punctually paid; Creditors are requested to attend the sale, with their claims authenticated.
They also offer for sale, the tract of Land, on which the late dec'd. resided, containing seven or eight hundred acres, lying on Rock Island creek, joining the land of Wilson C. Nicholas, near his saw and grist Mill, it affords a great portion of good creek low grounds, and a valuable Mill Seat, and has on it a plantation sufficiently large to work eight or ten hands to advantage; a proportion of part of which is fresh, and under a good fence, with a comfortable dwelling-house, nearly finished; a more minute description is deemed unnecessary, as it is presumed the purchaser will view and judge for himself: The subscribers will only observe, that the place is very healthy, affords good water, well timbered, and has a good range for stock. Possession will be given next fall, in time to seed. The terms will be three or four equal annual payments, secured by deed of trust upon the land. For further information, apply to Samuel Shelton, of Albemarle, John M. Cobb, of Richmond, or Lewis Nevil, who resides on the premises. SAMUEL SHELTON, JOHN M. COBB, Executors. October 17. w3f
FOR SALE, 459 acres of LAND, in the county of Powhatan, lying on the waters of Muddy creek, adjoining the land of Jno. Swann, dec'd. and John Swann, jun. about 5 miles below Cartersville: Also 200 acres, lying within 4 miles of Cartersville, on the waters of Muddy creek, and in the adjacent county of Powhatan, adjoining the lands of John Logwood and Mrs. Mary Stratton. The subscriber will exchange these lands for 100 young negroes, should it suit purchasers better than money, and any person desirous of purchasing, may, by paying a considerable part of the money, have a reasonable credit on the balance, by giving a deed of trust, to secure the payment thereof. THOS. LOGWOOD. Buckingham, Oct. 17. w3f
STOLEN From the Subscriber, near Prince Edward court-house, in the night of the 22d Sept. a 4 year old gelding, about 4 feet 8 inches high, well formed, in full flight, and handsomely spotted, his mane and tail in their natural state. It is believed his handsome spotted body, must attract the notice of those who may see him. I have therefore to request, among my friends, the aid of the owners of ferries, and if information of him can be obtained, from their boatmen, that they will be so good as to advise me by post. FRANCIS WATKINS. October 17. w3w
IN Gloucester—Amelia County, August Court, 1809. Gnee Truitt, plff. Against Thomas Perkins and Joseph Brown Defs. This day came the plaintiff by John Lane his Counsel, & it appearing to the court that the defendant, Joseph Brown is not an inhabitant of this Court, it is ordered on motion of the plaintiff's Counsel, That said Brown do appear here on the 2nd day of next November term, and answer the bill of the plaintiff, and give security according to the act of Assembly in such case made, and is not real, that a copy of this order be forth with published for two months successively in some newspaper published in the City of Richmond, and that another copy be posted at the front door of the Courthouse of this County. A Copy, True. JAMES TOWNES, C. K. September 5. w3f
VIRGINIA INN.—THE SUBSCRIBER having disposed of his interest in the EXCELSIOR TAVERN, respectfully informs his Friends and the Public, that he has leased for a number of years, the old CITY HOTEL, of Mr. Crouch, at considerable expence this well known house is rendered as comfortable as any in Richmond. If the accommodation, attention, the best Tables, Liquors, Lodgings, Stables and Water, can continue to public patronage, the Subscriber pledges himself that these shall not be wanting. A few gentle Boarders can be accommodated at 40 cents per year. RATES, &c.—Gentlemen putting up at this house will be charged one dollar per day—Horses at twenty, 50 cents per day—All other charges equally moderate. J. S. SMITH, Proprietor. Richmond, Sept. 29, 1809. w3f