The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1804-09-19 00:00:00

THE ENQUIRER.
RICHMOND, (Virginia) PUBLISHED BY RITCHIE & WORSLEY, OPPOSITE THE POST-OFFICE...AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM...payable in advance.
NUMBER 39.]
WEDNESDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 19, 1804.
[VOLUME 1.
CONDITIONS.
 I. The ENQUIRER will appear twice a week...During the session of Congress and the Virginia Legislature, either a third paper or a supplementary half-sheet, during the week.  II. Terms of payment FIVE DOLLARS per annum, in advance.  III. ADVERTISEMENTS, from those who do not subscribe to the paper, should not exceed a square in length, shall be inserted for seventy-five cents the first time, fifty cents for each time during three weeks, and for every additional insertion thirty-three cents; long ones in the same proportion.  IV. SUBSCRIBERS shall have their advertisements inserted for fifty cents the first time, and thirty-three cents for every additional insertion. 
THE BROAD-ROCK FALL RACES
Will commence on Monday the 24th day of September next, and continue four days.  FIRST DAY, will be run for, the greatest SWEEP-STAKES ever run for in America, for the number of horses—five horses entered at 600 dols. each, half forfeit—which will amount to 3,000 dollars if all start, running three mile heats, agreeable to the rules of the Jockey Club. It is supposed that the horses which are entered for these stakes are equal to any on the turf of America.
SECOND DAY, will be run for the JOCKEY CLUB PURSE of 400 dols.—four mile heats.  THIRD DAY, the PROPRIETOR'S PURSE of 200 dols.—three mile heats, carrying weight for age, agreeable to the following rules:    3 years old,  90lbs.    4 years old,  106    5 years old,  118    6 years old,  128    7 years old, or aged,  133    3 lbs. allowed Mares and Geldings.
FOURTH DAY, a HANDY CAP PURSE of 150 dols. free for any horse, mare or gelding, running two mile heats, entrance 15 dols.—agreeable to the following rules: for all losing horses, which run in any of the three preceding days races, who choose to start for this day's purse, the weights will be fixed by the judges, agreeable to their performance each day—all winning horses the three preceding days, to carry weight for age, agreeable to this rule of the Club—also, horses that have not started for any of the three preceding days races, to carry weight for age agreeable to the rules of the Jockey Club. Any gentleman is at liberty to start a nag for this purse, whether he is a member of the Jockey Club or not. Certificates or other satisfactory proof of horses ages, which start each day, will be required by the judges.  Stables and litter will be furnished for race horses at the ground, gratis.
N.B. The members of the Jockey Club are requested to meet at the race ground on the 23rd of September, at 4 o'clock in the afternoon, for the purpose of making arrangements for the different days running.  RICHARD B. GOODE, sec'ry . Broad Rock, August 23, 1804.
THE SUBSCRIBER, who is appointed Treasurer for the Broad-Rock Jockey Club, requests those subscribers who have not paid up their subscriptions for the last spring's purse, to be pointed in paying them up on the first day of the fall races, at which time he hopes all the members will be pointed in paying up their fall subscriptions.  THOMAS CHEATHAM, Treasurer. Aug. 23, 1804.
JUST PUBLISHED,
And For Sale at Wm. Prichard's Book-Store: VOLNEY'S VIEW OF THE CLIMATE AND SOIL OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA—With Maps and Plates. Sept. 8. epf
WANTED ON HIRE;
A WOMAN without a Child, who is a good Cook, Washer, and Ironer. Liberal wages are offered for one who can come well recommended. Also—A GIRL, from 12 to 16, who has been accustomed to wait in a house. Apply at the Enquirer Office. Sept. 8.
NOTICE.
THE Office of Supervisor of the Revenue for the District of Virginia being discontinued, and the unfinisned business of the said Office transferred to us; the Collectors of the Direct Tax and Internal Revenue, whose accounts have not been finally adjusted and paid, are hereby informed, that they are now requested to call at my office, in the city of Richmond, without delay, and pay the balances due to the United States—and those whole balances have been held in the district of Virginia by authority of an act of Congress of the United States for non-payment of the Direct Tax, may redeem such lands, by paying to me within the time limited, the principal costs and fees as the law directs.
As most of the abovenamed lands were sold in Dec. 1802, the privilege of redemption will continue until December next.  The money received by me for the redemption of the said lands, will be returned to the purchaser, with interest at the rate of 25 per cent per annum on the purchase money, to the day on which it may be paid to me.  JOSEPH SCOTT. Marshal V.D. July 7. ep-tf
CHERRY WINE, of an excellent quality, in 5 pipes and half pipes—for sale by SAMUEL MYERS. Sept. 8. S4
FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.
By the ship Oneida Chief , capt. Kemp, arrived at New-York, from London, with accounts to the 18th July.
PARIS, June 22. General Solignac is arrived from Italy. He brings the Oath of Allegiance from the army of Italy.  The Legion of Honor has been definitely organized. It is to consist of 10,000 persons.—They will wear a red ribbon, with a silver star; and the officers a golden star.—The chiefs will, it is said, wear a blue ribbon, with a more splendid badge.
ADVICES FROM LOWER EGYPT,
July 10. Letters from Alexandria, in Egypt, dated 4th April, rectify some of the details respecting the late events at Cairo.—On the 12th March,
the Albanians effectively put themselves in march, about 4 o'clock in the afternoon, in order to attack the Bays in their own houses.—As it was already late, there was that evening only a few shots fired; but at break of day the Albanians, by the help of the terraces, and even by piercing the walls, succeeded in entering the houses of Osman and Ibrahim. These two Bays then mounted their horses & escaped through a shower of balls, without either of them having been wounded, as was at first mentioned. Forthwith an order was given for a general resistance; and Hussein Bey, who commanded it, was obliged to fly.—The same thing happened at the Citadel, where Chai Bey commanded.—On retiring he wished to take Mehmet Pacha and Said Aly along with him, but this the garrison opposed, & soon gave up the place to the Albanians. The loss of the Mamelukes was estimated at 350 men; that of the Albanians appear also to have been considerable. The Bays Ibrahim and Osman assembled the wrecks of their army three or four leagues from Cairo; some skirmishes took place, and on the 30th of March, it is affirmed, that they quitted their camp and retired to Upper Egypt. Mehmet Pacha commanded at Cairo only on the 13th of March, he set off on the 14th for Rosetta, leaving the authority in the hands of three Albanian Chiefs, who remained, on the 26th of March, to Kourchid Pacha.—At Damietta and Rosetta, the revolution took place without any effusion of blood. The English endeavoured in vain to place their head Drogman with Kourchid Pacha at Cairo.
ADVICES FROM TURKEY.
July 11. A letter from Constantinople, dated the 12th May, first published in France, and re-published in the Leyden Gazette of the 26th of June, says:—  "The reports of conspiracies against the person and government of Bonaparte, but especially the correspondence of Mr. Drake, the English Envoy at Munich, have caused the most lively sensations here, particularly among the French. All the individuals of that nation resident at Constantinople have met to express, in an address to the First Consul, their views for the preservation of his life, and the happiness of France, with which his life is so much connected."
"It is remarked that the English Ambassador has not such frequent conference with the Ottoman Minister. Those of the French Ambassador are, on the contrary, continued without interruption.—There are at this moment a great number of English Commissioners in the Levant, charged with purchasing provisions, iron, and other objects, for the garrison and inhabitants of Malta, and for Admiral Nelson's squadron and the other vessels in the Mediterranean. These Commissioners freight at a very high price, all the empty vessels in the port of Constantinople. One of them is gone with 18 vessels to get grain at Odessa: another is busy in expediting others for Tantarok, where they are to take in iron; a third is loading with vegetables, salt meat, and other provisions."  Constantinople, May 26.—The rebels from Romania again approach our capital, and interrupt the passage between Adrianople and Constantinople. A large body of troops is collecting to march against them.
OF CONTINENTAL AFFAIRS.
Bonaparte acknowledged by the Continental Powers. It is necessary that we should now revert to the situation of France—Within the few last months the most eventful drama has been acted in this country, and the scenes and wonders of the Revolution have been surpassed both in effect and novelty by this latter exhibition, in which the tragic, the ludicrous, and the grave, have equally taken their turn on the stage.
The sudden rise of the demagogue to tyranny for a day, and be displaced on the next by the boldness of a rival or the caprice of a people, are the common changes of a Republic; they scarcely excite the sensibility of the softest heart, or the curiosity of the dullest mind; but the present elevation of Bonaparte, the firmness with which he grasps his sceptre, the seeming security with which he holds it, and the disposition to acknowledge him, so general and unaccountable among the continental princes—all these are events which mock prediction, defy calculation, and leave to mankind nothing but silent amazement, and hearts, at once repining and oppressed by the strange vicissitudes of affairs.
It is peculiar to this man to turn every thing to his advantage. He has become popular by an act which would have rendered others only contemptible, and has been elevated to the purple by a conspiracy against his life. He has been, in a word, through all the events of his life, one of those characters which would persuade a weak mind of the existence of destiny, and further confirm a pious one in the belief of a particular providence: contrary causes become, in him and his fortune, subservient to the same, and, in despite of the course of nature, he is only accelerated in his progress of glory by obstacles which, according to that course, should retard or overthrow him.  For some end or another it is the will of Heaven that he should reach his present dignity; when that end is accomplished, we may expect its particular justice against himself. It is only in the ordinary course of history, that the instrument of wrath, and scourge of a nation or a world, has in turn experienced the same vengeance: after having answered its purpose, and kindled the conflagration of ruin, the torch has been thrown to the dust, either to be trodden under foot, or to perish by a fate as mean as its former period was glorious.
But we cannot see without regret that the price of all the old powers of Europe should submit to a voluntary homage of this new Emperor. Each seems eager to outstrip the other in the offer of the tribute of acknowledgement. We cannot but remember the era of history when the addition of a new title, or the assumption of a new rank, would have produced a general war, and congresses would have met after congresses, before such submission would have been yielded. Nor was this firmness any thing else but found wisdom. In political logic, from their influence on the judgements of men, words are things.
In the present slavish subjection of the continent, there only remains one hope—that such acknowledgement is rather prudent than voluntary; that it is the effect rather of fear than finery.  We do not wish to be understood, as justifying any war on the ground of compelling new
regulations in the internal state of France; but we cannot but think that this emulation of flattery and eagerness of acknowledgement has an aspect now favourable to the cause of England. Any personal aggrandizement of Bonaparte, so long as he continued to wield the resources of the kingdom, was of little consequence, but as his private ambition is connected with the public hope of extending the empire of France, and mortifying the pride and abridging the power of Great-Britain, it would have been well for us if the continent had been a little more backward.
Bell's Weekly Messenger.
GREATNESS OF MIND.
LONDON, July 5.—14. Private letters from Paris positively affirm that Georges was offered his pardon both at the Bicetre and in the Conciergerie, but upon such terms, that neither his loyalty, nor honor, nor religion, could permit him to accept. Carried to the place of execution, in passing the Chatelet some persons exclaimed Vive Georges! and others applauded him; but the police agents arrested them immediately. Georges bowed to several ladies on the quay, who, from the windows of different houses saluted him with their handkerchiefs. Upon the scaffold, he desired to address the people, but was not permitted. General Murat, who was present, demanded what he had to say; his answer was, that he desired it to be known to his countrymen, that he died as he had lived, faithful to his God and his King; and as a true Christian, forgave even his murderer; Bonaparte, whose conversion he prayed for, and that he might in his last moments meet death with equal hope, consolation, and tranquility. It had been ordered that Georges should be executed the last; but a rumour had reached his fellow sufferers, that he would be pardoned upon the scaffold. He demanded of Murat, as a favour, to be beheaded first, to set them an example how loyal men should die.
This was consented to.—Before the executioner tied George's hands, he embraced his confessor, and then, looking up to Heaven, he called out loudly, Vive le Roi! vivent les Bourbons! All the other sufferers died with equal firmness, devotion, and loyalty.—Ducorps and Le Mercier went to the town hall just by, only to dictate their wills, and were executed twenty minutes later on that account.—Their last words were Vive le Roi Louis XVIII!  On the day of execution no less than 28,000 men were under arms, for fear that the people should release the prisoners. Not only the way from the Conciergerie to the Palace de Greve was lined with two ranks of soldiers, but all the bridges and streets in the neighbourhood were occupied by troops of all descriptions, with even flying artillery. Two thousand Italian grenadiers of the ci-devant Consular Guard, kept a square on the Palace de Greve, and 100 gens d'armes deelite escorted the prisoners, and surrounded the scaffold.
A law in the former reign of terror ordered all persons convicted of plotting against the lives of the representatives of the people, or against the existence of the republic, to be executed dressed in a red chemise, or rather frock. Bonaparte desired this law to be now revived; but refused, upon the observations in Les Nouvelles a la Main of the 1st Messidor, that within a month after this law had been proclaimed, and sixty pretended conspirators and supposed assassins of Robespierre had been guillotined in red shirts, this republican tyrant perished himself (they were murdered in June, 1794, and he in July the same year.)
A letter from Zurich, dated June 19, says:—  "Our Government has at length put an end to the frequent emigration from this Canton to foreign parts; and Col. Elcher, the principal mover who calls himself an agent of Russia, is condemned by the Petty Council to lose his right as a Citizen, and he is prohibited from residing in the Canton, under very severe penalties."
General Lake's share of the booty at Delhi, &c. in the late war in India, amounted to 60,000l. the whole of which has already been remitted to this country.
GALLO-HIBERNICISM.—The Prefect of La Meurthe, in addressing the childish Emperor of the Gauls, wishes that his descendants may inherit his magnanimity and genius.
A Paris Paper states, that the new fortifications round Alexandria, in Piedmont, are continued without interruption, and will be finished in the course of the summer. This City it is supposed, will then be one of the strongest in Europe, and may hold out, if well supplied with provisions, ten years, against an army of one million of soldiers. General Chastelau inspects the works, after having first laid the plan for them. They will cost, when completed, nine hundred thousand livres. This General it is said, has proposed new additions to Mantua, which if carried into execution, will render that city impregnable.
July 14. By a gentleman who arrived on Friday from Rotterdam, which place he left on the 1st inst. and had lately left France, we are informed, that the discontent at Bonaparte's assuming the Imperial dignity is universal among all ranks, civil and military.—They say, that after twelve years fighting, they have merely exchanged their lawful Sovereign for a Corsican Tyrant.—The forcing of Conscripti, carrying them in carts, and marching them, tied hand to hand, from place to place, is another source of disgust. They find it also almost impossible to pay their heavy taxes without trade, which is nearly annihilated.—In short, there is a general discontent throughout France. The people are equally disgusted with the immense multitude of spies which frequent every public place, and make conversation unsafe.
In 1785, when France gave up to Sweden the Island of St. Bartholomew, it contained only 408 inhabitants; in 1800, their numbers amounted to upwards of 6000, of whom 5000 resided in the town of Gustavia, which has 871 houses.—Trade and navigation has increased in proportion.
If we are to credit Dutch intelligence, the actual performance of the invasion which has been so long in rehearsal, is postponed till the first week in September, when a considerable portion of our national strength will unavoidably be employed in the harvest: if this should be the case, the enemy probably will find, that our Rural Volunteers cannot only house their own corn, but thresh their Gallie invaders into the bargain!
According to the last letters from Rome, a
demand has been made of His Holiness, in consequence of which the Pope will grant full powers to Cardinal Fesch to crown in his name the Emperor of the French.—The Arms of the Empire are to be a Golden Eagle, in an azure field, surmounted by a crown of stars!
Publiciste.
LINOIS' SQUADRON.
Accounts from St. Helena have been brought by the Rambler South Sea whaler. She sailed from St. Helena on the 5th of May, previous to which two American ships and a Dane had arrived there from China, which on coming down the Straights of Sunda, spoke Admiral Linois, with three French men of war of 80 guns, and four Dutch men of war of 64 guns, besides several frigates and sloops.
Pulo Timon, where Capt. Brown, of the Danish ship Princess Louisa Augusta, fell in with Linois' squadron, is situated near the Straights of Singapore, which lead into the Straights of Malacca, and by spreading his squadron, has also the command of the Straights of Sunda; so that no vessel can pass either of those Straights without falling into his hands.
This commanding situation is no doubt taken to prevent our China fleet escaping, if they attempt either of those passages; and as his squadron is increased by the Dutch ships, it is impossible for them to pass without being captured, yet there is every reason to imagine, that they must have received intelligence of the enemy's arrival in those seas, and will, of course, not be suffered to leave Canton without a sufficient convoy to protect them to St. Helena.
Pulo Timon is touched at for ships to water & get provisions.
The following Dutch ships of war were at the Cape of Good Hope, last from Batavia, some of which are supposed to have joined Admiral Linois:—
  Pluto 64 Cap. Admiral Decker   Cortenaer 64 Cap. Zeigers   Bato 74 Melville   Endracht 44 Burgsherr   Juno 40 Melis   Phoenix 40 Meuns   My Ruygerberg 32 Lombard   Vriede 20 Dilbetz   Williams 18   Adventure (brig) 18 
July 13. It is stated, in letters from Paris, that the Russian Chasse des Agres having been denied a passport, has dispatched a Courier to Peterburgh, whose return, it is expected, will bring intelligence of a declaration of war against France.
July 15. The enemy have, within these few days made several movements at Boulogne; and Government, we are assured, are in full expectation of a speedy attempt being made upon our shores. By the King George hired cutter, Lieut. Ployman (which arrived at Deal on Saturday, from the blockading squadron) advice has been received, that on Friday evening the enemy made a movement with part of their flotilla, 92 sail of which, consisting of large brigs and luggers, came into the outer road of Boulogne. The Immortalite frigate and 3 gun brigs were left watching the enemy's motions. The King George, with all possible expedition, made a communication of this circumstance to Rear Admiral Louis, who immediately proceeded to resume his station, and no doubt was entertained of his being able to give a good account of them, should they have the temerity to venture beyond the protection of their batteries. The probability, however, is, that the enemy had no serious intention of putting to sea, and that they came into the outer harbour for the purpose of performing some evolutions on the occasion of the anniversary of the destruction of the Battle, which might be attended with inconvenience in the inner harbour.—The Veteran man of war failed for the French coast on Saturday, in consequence of the above information, and was speedily followed by the Trufly .
A mail from Lisbon arrived on Saturday.—Some private letters received by this conveyance, express apprehensions of a speedy rupture between Great Britain and Spain and Portugal; but the foundation of these appears by no means solid; while other accounts speak with confidence of the continuance of peace.—The Gibraltar man of war, arrived at Portsmouth on the 20th inst. at which time the state of things at that place, and every other circumstance, induced a general confidence that the Spanish Government entertained no hostile disposition towards this country.
The long expected declaration of the Elector of Baden, on the subject of the French expedition across the Rhine last March, arrived at Rastatt on the 26th ult. and was to be communicated to the Diet on the 2d inst. The utmost curiosity was of course, excited, to learn the contents of this Declaration, but it was generally understood, that it was of such a nature as to render any further deliberation upon its object wholly useless: especially as there was reason to believe that the Emperor of Russia had concurred in it.
It is with sincere regret we find, that the apprehensions which have lately been expressed in the Dublin papers relative to the state of Ireland, are not without some foundation. Our intelligent correspondent writes as follows:—
DUBLIN, July 10. The situation of this country grows every hour more critical. From various accounts received this day from several adjacent counties a spirit of insurrection appears to be pretty general among the lower orders. It is confidently reported that they are sworn to rise the moment they receive an account of the enemy being at sea.—Several pieces of gold, bearing the image of Bonaparte, have been lately distributed in Westford, by persons coming from the Continent. Yesterday the Conservators of this city ordered the names of the inhabitants of this city ordered to be placed on the several houses, and a reward of 500l. has been offered for the apprehension of William Putnam McCabe, a person described as having lately landed in this country from France.
Although Lord Hardwicke is much regarded on account of his private virtues, the Marsden Administration is very unpopular, and when the circumstance of this city having been suffered to be taken by surprise on the memorable 23rd of July, is considered, much regret is felt at that Gentleman being continued in his situation, at a moment so critical as the present. The arrival of Mr. Fother here would greatly animate the Loyalists of Ireland, and I assure you that under the existing circumstances, they require every encouragement that can be afforded them.  "McCabe, who is now proclaimed, was I understand, Aide-de-Camp to the late Lord Edward Fitzgerald."
July 18. We have received some further advices from the coast, by which we find a firing in the direction of Boulogne was renewed on Monday morning at an early hour, and continued almost incessantly during the whole of the day. By the help of telescopes, upwards of two hundred of the enemy's vessels were observed to come out of the harbour, but not beyond the protection of their batteries, while fourteen sail of our ships of war were seen about 4 miles from the shore, rather to the westward of Boulogne, not having sufficient wind to act, it being calm all day. A convoy of the enemy's craft, consisting of twelve sail of brigs and luggers, went along shore from Calais to Boulogne, supposed to be laden with stores, and the firing of the most part, proceeded from the batteries protecting them
from a few of our cruisers.—About 2 o'clock they reached their destination, the opposing vessels not being able to go sufficiently close in shore to intercept them. The enemy's flotilla is now regularly formed in divisions, and were in motion the whole of Monday, practising a variety of manoeuvres. Our troops along the coast are constantly on the alert, and every necessary precaution is taken to guard against surprise.—Happily the country is now duly aroused to a sense of the danger with which it is menaced; and it is only for Britons to be apprised of the true nature of their situation, to defeat any attack that may be directed against their security, their independence, and their happiness. To danger they will ever oppose an unflinching intrepidity, and as freemen, having a proud inheritance to transmit to their posterity, they will prefer glorious death to the degrading bondage of Corsican Despotism.
The protest of Louis XVIII, as inferred in the Monitor , is said to be a fabrication.
National Finance.—The propositions submitted by H. Johnstone to the House of Commons on Saturday last, have been printed. According to these it appears, that the total sum to be raised in Great-Britain, in the year 1804, is 77,849,179l. and the receipts to answer it 76,073,630l. leaving a deficiency of 1,775,549l.
CONSTANTINOPLE, May 20. The Russian Travellers and observers increase in the different provinces of our Empire. The young Russians who reside in our Capital do not seem to be of the opinion that they consider our country as already devolved to their nation. They make a great noise about the success which their arms have experienced in Armenia and Georgia. It appears that they have real reason to be so, and even that Erivan the capital of the country who names it bears, has fallen into their possession. Thus at the moment when this power is at war on the eastern confines of the Ottoman empire, on the western we see it change the constitution of Corfu, procure itself to be declared the protector of that Republic, to the detriment of the Porte and the Allies, and sent thither fresh troops, which are unnecessary for the mere purpose of maintaining the tranquility of a country so thinly peopled, too few in number to give uneasiness to the European Potentates; but, nevertheless, sufficiently numerous to support the increasing partitions, whom the community of religion causes Russia to have in the Morea and throughout European Turkey. It is known, that a detachment has taken possession of Preveza, which has much alarmed the Pasha of Janina, who has found himself obliged to march 500 men to keep the Russian detachment in respect.
FROM THE LEYDEN GAZETTE JULY 13.
RATISBON, June 30. The Sittings of the Diet began by degrees to deserve attention. On the 24th of this month, the convention lately concluded, between the Duke of Oldenbourg, in his quality of Prince of Lubec, and the city of that name, became the subject matter of a declaration, from his Danish majesty in support of his ancient rights; and this declaration has been followed by a counter declaration on the part of the Duke. In the following Sittings of the Committee assembled on the 27th, Brunswick Lüneburg interfered more seriously respecting a negotiation of the Count Bentheim Steinfurt with the French Government, to obtain of the latter the cession of the county of Bentheim, one of the dependencies of Hanover. The Baron De Reuden, the King of England's Representative at the Diet, has on this head transmitted a protest, which declares null and void, every act tending to alienate any part whatever of his German possessions, without his Majesty's consent.
The declaration transmitted by the minister of Hanover, has been followed by another appeal to the German Body, on the part of Brunswick Lüneburg: There was presented and read to day, to the delegates of the states of the empire a letter from the electoral minister, de Reden, relative to an object much more important, and which involves the empire in infinite difficulty. Monsieur de Reden refers to the demand made by him, in the name of his Prince on the 22nd of August last; that the German States should employ themselves in an effectual manner to terminate the unfortunate situation of Hanover, invaded by the French as a dependency of the Crown of England. Monsieur de Reden, urges, in addition to former arguments, "that his Britannic Majesty has always separated his concern as a state of the empire from those of his crown; this distinction (he adds) was always recognized both by the Germanic body and by France, during the last war; and also in the treaties of Campo Formio and Lunéville." These representations conclude with beseeching the confederal ministers, to procure from their courts, without delay, the necessary instructions to come to a speedy decision on so important an object; but there is much reason to doubt the exertion of this promptitude, at a moment when the diet, notwithstanding the contrary invitation of one of the principal powers of the continent, is about to pass over in silence the French expedition to the right bank of the Rhine in March last.
The Baden declaration, which is definitely to settle all disputation on the subject, arrived in the evening of the 26th, at the Prussian minister's the count De Goertz, who is likewise invested with the vote of the Elector of Baden at the diet. The arrival of this declaration occasioned the following day, a conference between the imperial commissary the baron De Hugel, the directorial minister of the diet, the baron De Albaum, and Monsieur Coertz. This paper has not been yet communicated to the diet, but it will the day after to-morrow, the 2d of July. The prospect of such a communication, makes us expect with great impatience the next sitting of the comitial assembly. In fact, this paper, which has already attracted so much public curiosity, ought now to fix it so much the more, if it be true, as is positively stated, that the Emperor Alexander has acquiesced in it, and has thereby retracted his former resolutions.
Correspondence between FRERE and the PRINCE OF PEACE.
For the better illustration of this Correspondence, we shall reprint the article in the Monitor :
FROM THE MONITEUR, No. 184.
MADRID, March 10. "FRERE, the English Minister at this place, seems to be much affected by the news which has arrived from Paris. A few days before he forgot himself so far, as to assert, in a conversation which he had with the Prince of Peace , that assassination and murder are lawful in the present state of things, to save England from the extraordinary situation in which it is placed. The Prince of Peace , bluntly replied: But, Sir, should France adopt the same principle, nations would carry on war by the medium of assassins, instead of fighting with fleets and armies. I cannot help declaring, that this morality would excite horror in the mind of His Catholic Majesty . For my part I can only tell you, that the example of all ages proves, that crimes in the end always fall on the heads of those who order, or are the instruments of them."
"Note from the Editor of the Monitor ."—The observation of the Prince of Peace has been verified; and at the moment when England was employing the Count d'Antra as an assassin, one of the individuals of his family perished, as an atonement for the crime, under the sword of Justice. Infamous ci-devant Bishop of Arras, such is the result of your counsels."

OFFICIAL.
Copy of the Correspondence between the Prince of Peace and Mr. Frere, relative to the conversation ascribed to them in the Monitor, No. 184.
[TRANSLATION.]
MADRID, April 7, 1804.
Sir, Your excellency has undoubtedly read the conversation ascribed to us by the French Official Gazette, concerning the late events in Paris. As I flatter myself that my colleagues, and the enlightened persons of the Court, will not be apt to credit stories so ridiculous and so diametrically opposed to the principles which they know me to possess, I might perhaps have dispensed with noticing a calumny which must reflect upon its authors, and should merely have invited Y. E. to estimate the accuracy of other accounts proceeding from the same source as this, of which you are at once the judge and witness. And yet, as it appears that the writer of that article presumes to ground his statement on the testimony of Y. E. it appears to me that I should, in some manner be wanting to my own justification, and to the representation with which I am entrusted, were I to neglect appealing to that very testimony myself. Besides, the official character of that accusation seems to demand an equally formal and authentic contradiction.
These considerations induce me to apply to Y. E. and to request that you will declare whether any such conversation did really pass between us, in which I asserted the principle imputed to me by the Official Gazette, and above all, as maintained by him before the Paris news arrived; in short, whether, Y. E. acknowledges the answer ascribed to you, and which concludes by a very intelligent threat of assassination.
(Signed) J. H. FRERE.
To H. E. the Prince of Peace.
Sir, MADRID, April 8, 1804.
I have actually seen, that in the Madrid article, inserted in No. 184 of the Gazette, an account is given of a conversation between us, and I was waiting, Sir, for your application, to remove, by my answer, the unfavorable opinions you might have formed. But, as in this kind of business the degree of probability entirely depends upon opinion, and our conferences have taken place without either witnesses or hearers, and as it is impossible, therefore, that they should have been transmitted to the Gazetteer with truth or accuracy, I deem the justification you require from me perfectly useless, since it will be indifferent to the Editor of the Gazetteer, whether he publish a contrary statement tomorrow, the value set upon those accounts being relative to the truth they contain. Such has been my opinion when I have seen my character blackened in still darker colours; and he who should endeavour to restrain the actions of men, whom fortune has placed out of his power, would obtain no other end than that of giving himself constant uneasiness.
(Signed) THE PRINCE OF PEACE.
Mr. Frere, Minister of England.
Sir, MADRID, April 10, 1804.
I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your Excellency's Note, and you will see, by the date of this, that I have well reflected, before I determined to renew so unpleasant a subject; but in truth, the longer I weigh the expressions of your Excellency's note, the less I find that they answer the purpose for which it was dictated, namely, to remove the unfavorable opinions I might have formed.
Y. E. does me the honor to observe, that you expected me to take such a step; it was, not, therefore, quite superfluous in itself. And, indeed, since I was to make application to Y. E. I do not see how it was possible for me to prefer a demand more moderate, or how I could now desist from it, without obtaining some way or other, a satisfactory answer. I am fully aware how delicate and difficult the present circumstances are; but if Y. E. did not think it proper directly to repudiate the Official Gazetteer's assertions, it would at least, have been possible, by stripping his statements of all authority, to reduce it to that vague and conjectural character which you yourself have ascribed to it; for this purpose nothing more was required, than that Y. E. should assure me you never had divulged any particulars of our conversation; since it is evident, that the Monitor did not mean to cite false and clandestine witnesses, but the very person of your Excellency. Y. E. might likewise have given a very plain and very natural testimony in my favour, namely, that the only time I spoke with you upon the subject, I expressed an opinion precisely the reverse of that which the Gazetteer pretended to cite.
(Signed) J. H. FRERE.
To H. E. the Prince of Peace, &c.
ARANJUEZ, April 13, 1804.
The Editor of the French Gazette supposing, in his No. 184, that a conversation had taken place between you, Sir, and me, has been waiting in the consideration due to my character, by believing me capable of entering upon subjects unworthy of the greatness of soul which adorns me. I do not complain of his offence, and you cannot calm the perturbation of your mind at being implicated in it. How shall I be able to persuade you? I have nothing to add to the reflections contained in my preceding Note; may this answer to yours of the 10th prove more satisfactory, and let vague opinions circulate in arbitrary prints.
(Signed) THE PRINCE OF PEACE.
John Hookham Frere, Esq. Minister of H. B. M.
Sir, MADRID, April 17, 1804.
It had appeared to me, that my personal Honor, as well as my Sovereign's, in fine, that the value I ought to set upon the good opinion of the Spanish Nation equally impelled me to take the step I have towards your Excellency; and though that greatness of Soul Y. E. has to just a title to claim, had lessened the importance of these considerations in your eyes, I should still have flattered myself, that you would show some indulgence for the weakness of those who, on being conscious of those distinguished qualities which people above calumny, think, that there are instances in which a man, without being wanting to his own dignity, is called upon to show some respect for public opinion. But if our notions upon the subject be greatly different, the situation we are in is no less so. On my part, I am charged with having maintained an atrocious principle, while they put in the mouth of Y. E. sentiments worthy of your character, and such as all who are not strangers to your loyalty, must know that you yourself could have had ascribed to you, had I been capable of holding the language attributed to me.
I cannot, therefore, conceal, that in the denial of Y. E. to disavow that conversation, I look in vain to that greatness of soul which you invite me to imitate, when silence, on your part, costs you nothing but the sacrifice of my reputation, in as much, at least, as it depends upon your suffrage.
Seeing myself deprived of this advantage, there still remains for me the satisfaction to think that I can desist from further importuning Y. E. upon the subject, and that I am able to await, without that perturbation of mind you ascribe to me, the decision of the Public, the opinion of my Colleagues, and that of the enlightened Persons in this Court. They have hitherto been pretty decidedly in my favor, and I flatter myself they will prove sufficient to protect me, not only against the aspersions of the Gazetteer, but likewise against the conjectures which may be built upon the silence of Y. E.
(Signed) J. H. FRERE.
To H. E. the Prince of Peace.
Sir, MADRID, April 19, 1804.
I cannot avoid returning an answer to your Note of the 17th instant as, although its contents do not vary from the former one, concerning the opinions entertained in France upon your character and mine, I see you touch on other points of greater importance, such as the dignity of your Sovereign, and the public opinion. This question is too serious, and ought not, therefore, to be blended with private interests. I will never believe that the KING OF ENGLAND gives his ministers directions derogatory from his majesty and dignity; I respect his high rank as I should, and will not content, Sir, to your making a Court business of what is merely personal; you know, Sir, that when ever you have called to converse with me, I have answered that political affairs were not within my province, and that the King my Master had his Secretary of State, through whom he transmitted the demands of Foreign Courts were to be transmitted to him. To the other Ambassadors and Ministers I made the same observation; so that I have received their visits as mere acts of civility and courtesy from them. Under such circumstances, therefore, causes ought not to be confounded with subsequent events, nor ought what depends upon the private conduct of subjects, to be imputed to Edicts of the Government. My sincerity has more than once been prompted me to caution you, Sir, that some individuals about you could do you neither honour nor credit, since their reputation being blasted in other Courts, no great opinion can be entertained of their morals in this. And do you know Sir, whether or not these people may be the Authors of the story published by the Paris Gazetteer? I have likewise mentioned several other things to you; and it was, perhaps, owing to my advice, that you avoided their consequences: as, for instance Gen. BOURNONVILLE's affair, when you wanted to make yourself master of his papers. Let your Excellency call to mind my former conduct, and entertain a proper regard for the sincerity you have experienced from your affectionate servant.
(Signed) THE PRINCE OF PEACE.
If you chuse, Sir, I will give an account of what has taken place to the King my Master, that it may be forwarded to the Ministers of his Britannic Majesty, through the channel of his Ambassador in London; and your Excellency may, from the moderation and terms of my note, form an idea of the high respect I bear his Britannic Majesty, since, if it were not for this just consideration, I should not have answered your last Note.
John Hookham Frere, Esq. Minister of H. B. M.
MADRID, April 20, 1804.
I yesterday received the Note of Y. E. which I have read with all the attention it merits. There is a very plain consideration which directly occurs to one's mind, namely, that Y. E. might have spared yourself the unpleasant task of continuing the painful correspondence. Y. E. does me the honor to tell me, that being no minister, your correspondence cannot be drawn to any political consequence; and yet you propose to transmit it to the Minister of his Catholic Majesty in London, for the purpose of showing your respect to his Britannic Majesty. Y. E. adds, that without such motive you would not have thought yourself bound to answer my Note. Upon this I must observe, that expressions of personal respect from a private individual to a Sovereign, do not appear to me to be customary; and that, viewing the Note of Y. E. in this light I would undertake to lay it officially before His Majesty. And yet, as it contains certain allusions to my conduct, I thought it my duty to transmit it to the Secretary of State of His Britannic Majesty, with proper explanations. If I return no direct answer to Y. E. concerning those allusions, it is because I think them foreign to the subject upon which we began to correspond, and absolutely without an object, since Y. E. has declared that you will not be looked upon as a minister. Moreover, nobody being present when the conversation in question took place, the discussion would prove endless; and be of no other use than that of presenting to the public the indecent spectacle of two persons, each of whom has some claim to their respect mutually contradicting one another, in the face of the whole world.
(Signed) J. H. FRERE.
To H. E. the Prince of Peace.
MADRID, April 23, 1804.
I persuade myself that Y. E. will not be surprised at the course I take, and which is in my opinion, the only rational one. Since I decided in my note of the 17th from the demand of a disavowal, our correspondence could no longer have any object. From the moment that Y. E. declared that you would not be considered as a Minister, I became sensible, that further discussions would only produce a personal altercation. This was the motive why I avoided discussing various points contained in the last Note of Y. E. and it is also the motive which influences me at present. When Y. E. has taken into consideration the situation you place me in, by stripping me as well as yourself of our Ministerial characters, I am convinced you will not ascribe to a want of regard that which is, in reality, the result of the most serious reflection.
H. FRERE.
To H. E. the Prince of Peace.
LONDON, July 18.
ELIY BEY.
The fate of this personage, whose late appearance among us excited so many animadversions at the period, being, at present, an object of some interest, from the reverse of fortune which he appears to have experienced since his return to Egypt; and the object of his visit to this country, being blended with mystery, the following particulars, as given to us by a correspondent, may not be unacceptable to our readers.
On the arrival of the orders for the recall of the British army from Egypt, the Mameluke Beys, alarmed at the withdrawal of that influence, under which they had hoped their re-establishment in their privileges might have been negotiated, and which left them now exposed entirely to the policy of the Porte, requested General Stuart to allow one of their Chiefs to accompany the army to England, to represent to our government their attachment to the British Nation, and to intreat the intervention of his majesty with their Sovereign, to obtain for them those equitable concessions which had been so solemnly promised them, as the reward of their services against the common enemy. The British commander availed himself of the request, to give a temporary peace to the country, which was then suffering in every quarter (except that immediately within the limits of the British command) under all the miseries of civil warfare; he established a truce between the contending parties, and he enjoined the immediate retreat of the Mamelukes to Upper Egypt, where they promised peacefully to wait the result of the mission which they meditated. Eliy Bey, one of the most powerful of their chieftains, was chosen and accredited for this deputation.
On the arrival of the army at Malta, General Stuart having set out for Italy, to travel from thence to England by land, and a quarantine of six weeks having conspired, with other obstacles, to delay the Bey longer at that Island than he expected, his own anxiety, which was artfully irritated by emissaries of the French party, (and it was believed, of the French minister himself, there at the moment) betrayed him into some signs of impatience as well as mistrust, which created, certainly a dissatisfaction among the British authorities there, particularly in a step, which he improperly adopted, of hiring a neutral vessel, without the usual official communications, for the purpose of carrying him home to Egypt again, but the condescending attention of Lord Nelson, and the conciliatory explanations of Sir Alexander Ball, soon removed the misconceptions, in which his conduct had originated.
His hospitable and respectful reception in this country, notwithstanding the delicacies attending on his appearance here, are well known. What effect his representations had on the minds of ministers, or to what specific extent his requisitions were made, we cannot presume to judge; to himself, the issue of his embassy seems to have been fatal; how far a conviction has been established, of his attempts to negotiate with the French, has not as yet appeared, but if the preservation of his own interests were at stake, (and they appear now to have been deeply so) and his applications to us proved ineffectual, we can readily admit the probability of his endeavour
to draw succour and support from other sources, and such an endeavour, surely could neither be termed crime nor ingratitude.
Mean time the treacherous conduct that has been exhibited towards this chief, by his own party, certainly does not tend to throw a favorable light upon the Mameluke principle, or to inspire any particular partialities towards that body, beyond the dictates of justice, and the recollection of our obligation to their services. They undoubtedly have weakened, too, the extent of their claims upon our friendship, by joining immediately after the departure of the army, the revolt troops of the Porte, and thus violating their promise to the British commander, to wait, peacefully, the result of the mission, which he condescended to sanction, to his government, and it must tend to convince us, that should circumstances render expedient our interference hereafter in Egypt, the re-establishment and confirmation of the authority of the Porte, could be the only political, as well as justifiable object. We have no interest in Egypt, but as its deliverers; we have no views, no attractions there, but to exclude from thence the French, and to enable the Porte to defend herself from a second invasion; we should first enable her, in whatever channel we afford our assistance, to appease the intestine tumults that weaken her government.
Under the shade, however, of these tumults, and of all the unhappy divisions which exist in that devoted country, our information states the unremitting assiduity of the French to recover their footing, and open the way for their own speedy reinstatement; it was there that Bonaparte was disgraced, was humbled by the splendor of British triumphs, and there he will endeavour to try the glare of some new enterprise, to obliterate the remembrance of his mortification.—Lon. pap.
In the course of the debate on Tuesday, last in a committee of the whole house, consisting of about fifteen members, on the India Budget, some curious and interesting facts came out, which we believe are very little known to Parliament, and still less to the public. As Mr. Francis says, "Ministers effort. Parliament confides, and the public neither know nor care."
1. It was stated by Lord Castlereagh that although the hostilities against the Mahrattas did not commence till August, 1803, the orders for our army to take the field were given in the beginning of November, 1802; consequently the plan of the war must have been formed, and the resolution taken to invade the Mahrattas, before that period.
2. That this war was conducted on a very extensive and expensive scale, which must disturb all estimates.
3. That in the last year the general deterioration on the whole of the Company's Debts and Assets abroad amounted to six hundred thousand pounds sterling; and that the diminution in the sales of tea at home exceeded two millions of pounds weight.
4. That in a province lately acquired in the Guzzerat, we had begun with sending the Prince of that country, called the Guicowar, a sum of money, which Lord Castlereagh stated at 186,000l. but which it appears by the Bombay Account (page 69,) in fact amounted to Bombay rupees 3,115,944—320,000l.
5. That besides a constant exportation of bullion to China to the amount of six hundred thousand pounds annually, and upwards, the company are now in the habit of exporting as much more to India every year.
6. That since the renewal of the Charter in 1793, the company have set up a growing claim against Government, which has been suffered to accumulate without examination in Parliament or liquidation of any kind. That this claim, on the 1st of March 1803 amounted to 3,573,339l.—that in the course of last year the company acknowledged to have received, on account of this demand, 1,501,666l. and, notwithstanding that payment, the debt or claim, on the 1st of March 1804, had swelled to 4,018,126l. for which they take full credit in the computation of their stock. To all which they add, in a memorandum, that the company's claims on government for the expenses of the army sent from India to Egypt, will probably amount to upwards of two millions more.
7. That among the particulars of this demand, 2,180,591l. is charged for the capture and possession of Ceylon, and 1,024,000l. for the capture of French and Dutch settlements on the Peninsula of India, and about 700,000l. more for intended expeditions, which did not take place. All which has been kept out of the view of Parliament, and left unprovided for.
By the Dublin Mail of the 12th inst. we learn, that the Irish government are making the most active preparations for the preservation of tranquillity. A corps of 12,000 men is immediately to be formed on the Curragh of Kildare, and in every direction the troops are kept constantly on the alert. On the night of the 11th twenty men were arrested in the Liberty. They were brought to the Castle on the following day, and after a short examination committed to the county gaol. It is said, that they are United Irishmen, and were found sitting as a committee, of that traitorous association; but other accounts state them to be merely a committee of journeymen, engaged in combination against their employers. We sincerely hope, that the latter statement may prove correct. The Dublin papers mention, that several refractory lawyers had been apprehended, who were suspected to have engaged in much more serious business than that of conspiring to raise their wages.
Denmark is making military preparations. A war is in some degree expected between that kingdom and Sweden.
The allowance of subsistence money to officers on the impress service, in the city of London, has been raised from 3s. and 6d. to 5s. sterling per day.
WEST-INDIES.
Gentlemen from the Island of Jamaica mention, that the assembly of that Island continued inflexible in their opposition to the heavy demands of money, made of them by Governor Nugent, for the defence of the Island. The patriotism and attachment of the Governor to the Island was not questioned; but the assembly declared the inability of their constituents to meet the sums required. In the dispute with the Governor, the Assembly maintain a dignified and spirited tone. In the enumeration of the difficulties the Island labors under they say, "That the expence of carrying on plantations has been greatly enhanced by the restrictions on our intercourse with the United States of North America, not only without benefit to the mother country, but to her manifest injury when viewed in all their consequences: That the articles supplied are of prime and indispensable necessity is admitted; that they cannot be furnished by the United Kingdom of Great-Britain and Ireland, or any dependency of the empire, is evinced by twenty years experience; that they cannot be transported in British bottoms, at least during the war is equally evident; yet the planters of this Island are restrained from paying for what they cannot forego, by bartering a small part of the commodities they possess, and are drained
of the specie wanted for common circulation and of large quantities of bullion which would center in Great Britain; whilst the cultivation of their staples is cramped, and the quantity of what would be sent to the mother country, in more favourable circumstances, most probably diminished" [Boston Contine.]
Extract of a letter from capt. Patterson, commander of a British packet, to a gentleman in Savannah, dated Port Royal, July 9.
"I arrived here on the 23d June, in his majesty's packet Eliza, from Falmouth. This is a new packet, put into the service by the first interest in England, and much larger than any former packet, or we must have been taken, as we had a very smart action of two hours and fifteen minutes with a French privateer of 16 guns and 150 men. This is the same privateer which took capt. Bull and Dennis before me, in the windward island."
The French still hold what is called the Spanish part of St. Domingo; with the city of that name, and the port of St. Jago. Gen. Ferrand commands in chief. He has defeated Dufaisne (the black General) who left one Thousand Men. Capt. Dufaisne, an aide-de-camp of General Ferrand, has lately arrived in the United States, to demand (accords of M. Pison. [N. Y. Mer. Adv.]
DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE.
The Rev. Mr. Holmes of Cambridge has it in contemplation to publish a work, to be entitled American Annals. It will commence with the discovery of America, by Christopher Columbus, in 1492, and extend to the present time, and is designed to give a concise history of the most important events, that have taken place within that period, on the continent of North and South America and in the West-India Islands; and of such events, in foreign parts, as had special relation to this country, or ultimately affected its interests. Beginning with the causes, means, and circumstances, of the first discovery of America, it will proceed to notice its subsequent settlements by various nations of Europe; the principal characters, granted by European princes to individuals, or to companies; the principal emigrations from the Eastern Continent to the Western; the causes of these emigrations; the numbers of the emigrants; the places, to which they removed: the towns, which they built; the colonies, which they planted; the churches, which they founded; and the principal persons, concerned in the several enterprises for the settlement of America, whether navigators, adventurers, statesmen, divines, or warriors, with biographical sketches; the most material facts in the progress of the American settlements; the population of the natives, and of the colonists, at different periods; the formation of new colonies or states; the foundation of colleges and other seminaries of learning; the establishment of societies for promoting useful knowledge; the progress of arts and sciences; the progress of commerce; new inventions, or useful improvements; military & naval strength; civil wars or insurrections; wars with the Indians; memorable battles; the principal events of the late revolutionary war; changes in the civil and ecclesiastical state; deaths and ages of eminent men; and providential occurrences. It is the design of the author, to relate events in the order of time, on the plan of chronology, and yet to dilate on articles of peculiar importance after the manner of history. The authorities will be given with precision; and the work will probably consist of two octavo volumes. [Boston Gaz.]
NEW-HAMPSHIRE ELECTION. OF U. S. REPRESENTATIVES.
IN the last Palladium we gave the votes of 114 towns, which were, Federal, 7959, Democratic 7559.
We have since heard from Acworth, Alexandria, Andover, Bridgewater, Barnstead, Bradford, Croydon, Compton, Canaan, Centre Harbor, Dorchester, Enfield, Francestown, Fishersfield, Grafton, Hancock, Hanover, Hopkinton, Hebron, Haverhill, Kingston, Lebanon, Marlow, Meredith, Moultonboro, N. Chester, N. London, Orford, Orange, Offipee, Plainfield, Romney, Thornton, Tanworth, Wentworth, Warren, and Warner; where the votes were, Federal 2139, Democratic 1908.
Total, Federal 10098 Democratic 9467 Majority - - - - - 631
Returns of votes for Members of Congress. Republican—844. Federal—8394.
The last returns for Governor in the Towns yielding the above numbers, gave the Republican candidate 773 votes more than at the present time, and 946 more for the Federal candidate—By which it appears the Republicans have gained 173 votes in the short space of 5 months.
From the above statements we perceive the gradual progress of New-Hampshire in her return to first principles; and this year's splendid display of Republican energies—It but little avails the Federal party that their favorite Chief Magistrate is again seated in the Governmental Chair, for the last time.—That wise and good providence, which presides over the affairs of men, is pleased to favor the cause of Liberty in this State, as in her sister States, and to turn into foolishness, the counsels of those who have vainly and absurdly imagined it to be for their interest to destroy it. The great majority of the Republicans, (and Citizens who have been deceived and corrupted are daily imbibing their generous principles) will most effectually crush their remaining opposition, in the course of the year; New-Hampshire will shine forth her native lustre, and the several States, which are still imposed upon by the Federal tricks, will soon return to that duty, which they owe to themselves and to their country.
The Connecticut Democratic convention was held at New-Haven on the 29th of August. William Judd, was appointed Chairman, and H. W. Edwards and L. Whitman, Clerks. It was promptly resolved that Connecticut has no constitution—that measures ought to be taken for obtaining one—that a committee be appointed to draft an address to the people. The committee was appointed—reported a long address—accepted (of course) and 10000 ordered to be printed. A good day's work! [N. E. Palladium.]
NEW-YORK, Sept. 10. INTERESTING LETTER.
The following highly interesting letter from General Pinckney, it must be recollected, comes from a gentleman of the most liberal mind, a soldier of the nicest honor, and of tried and unquestionable bravery. This consideration will, we are sure, give to his sentiments on the subject of duelling, the greatest possible weight throughout the community. Should the death of Hamilton be the cause of bringing into merited disgrace the disorganizing sentiment that "a gentleman's honor is under the protection of his own arms," and that instead of appealing to the laws, he is to look for vengeance to private force—And if it shall be the means of scouting from our country the absurd, unjust and murderous practice of taking life itself for even imaginary offences to imaginary honor—"then indeed shall not a Hamilton have died in vain."
[N. Y. Ev. Post.]
At a meeting of the Standing Committee of the Society of the Cincinnati of the State of New-York, on Wednesday, 5th of Sept. 1804—The President presented a letter received by him from Major General CHARLES COTESWORTH PINCKNEY, Vice President-General of the Society of the Cincinnati, which was read and attentively considered.—Whereupon, resolved unanimously, That this Committee highly approve the sentiments expressed in the said letter, and that the Secretary forthwith cause the same to be published.
The President also presented a letter from Mrs. HAMILTON, which was also read.—Resolved unanimously, that the Secretary cause the same to be published. Wm. POPHAM, Sec'y.
Charleston, S. C. August 16, 1804.
Sir, With deep affliction, I received the account of our in-parable loss by the death of our late President General. This deplorable event has been sensibly felt and lamented in this part of the union, even by those who were not personally acquainted with him, and who did not coincide with him in politics. By me, who have witnessed his calm intrepidity and heroic valor, on trying occasions, and was acquainted with his transcendent abilities and amiable qualities, and honoured with his particular friendship, his loss is most poignantly felt, and his memory will be ever most affectionately revered.
Is there no way of abolishing, throughout the Union, this absurd and barbarous custom, to the observance of which he fell a victim? Duelling is no criterion of bravery, for I have seen cowards fight duels, and I am convinced real courage may often be better shown in the refusal than in the acceptance of a challenge. If the Society of Cincinnati were to declare their abhorrence of this practice, and the determination of all their members to discourage it as far as they had influence, and on no account either to send or accept a challenge, it might tend to annul this odious custom, and would be a tribute of respect to the sentiments and memory of our late illustrious Chief. If the State Society of New-York should coincide with me in opinion, I should be glad to have their sentiments how best to carry it into execution; whether by submitting it to a meeting of the General Society at New-York, Philadelphia, or Baltimore, or by referring the matter at once to the different State Societies for their consideration.
I have this day received your favour of the 25th of July, and am much obliged to the State Society, and to yourself for it. With sentiments of great respect, I have the honor to be Your, most obedient servant, CHARLES COTESWORTH PINCKNEY, V. P. G. S. C.
Col. W. S. Smith, President of the New-York State Society of the Cincinnati.
Mr. Gordon S. Mumford, of this city, is nominated for Congress in the room of Daniel D. Thompkins, esq. appointed a Judge of the Supreme Court: The election takes place on Tuesday next.
J. B. Provost has resigned his office as Recorder of the city, in consequence of his determination for Louisiana.
MORE IMPRESSIONS.—The ship Independence, Captain James Orn, from Portland, in coming into this port, on Thursday, was boarded about four miles from the Hook by an officer from the Cambrian, who impressed two seamen, John Williams and James Cornish, both Americans. Cornish had shipped on board the ship Merchant, destined for this port, but being accidentally left behind, after having sent his chest on board, in which was all his clothes, money and protection; afterwards engaged with capt. Orn by consent of the owners of the Merchant, who gave an order for discharge. The Merchant on coming off the Hook changed her destination and proceeded on to Philadelphia. Cornish of course is desirous of both money and clothes, which cannot be obtained without considerable difficulty, & as a native of Kennebec, cannot for a length of time procure the necessary certificates. Williams is said to be a native of this city, and formerly resided in Cherry-street—his protection was accidentally left behind. Capt. Orn having seen before sailing the protections of both these men, remonstrated strongly against the conduct of the officer, and claimed right of security from being within the jurisdiction of the United States, but this was refused on the ground that British subjects were liable to be taken any where, and these men having no evidence of their citizenship, could not claim a protection under it. The officer further added, that the impressment of British subjects even within the jurisdiction, was countenanced by the American Government. In every other respect, he behaved with the utmost civility and politeness.—[N. Y. Morn. Chron.]
A letter from Capt. Stewart, of the brig Syren, dated April 25, to his friend in Philadelphia, announces the capture by him of the brig Transfer, a Grecian vessel, from the Archipelago, laden with valuable merchandise, and nineteen Turkish soldiers bound to Tripoli. The commodore had valued, equipped, and taken her into the service of the United States.—The Syren was to proceed the following day to join the blockade of Tripoli.
FEVER AT CHARLESTON.
It is with great regret, that this melancholy intelligence is corroborated to our readers. The following article, from the Baltimore American, of yesterday, will, it is hoped, incite our police to the strictest vigilance:
"Arrived, (at Baltimore on Thursday) and detained at quarantine, fchr. Roby, Bell, Charleston—Sailed Aug. 25.—The Capt. reports that a very malignant fever raged in every part of the town, that many of the ship's crews were carried off by it—that most of the inhabitants who were able to remove were gone and going to different places of safety." [Phil. Gaz.]
The copper bottomed brig Maria, Sterling, belonging to Samuel Rhoads and Co. of this city, was captured and ordered for St. Jago; the captain carried into Barracoa—the mate and two men soon after rose on the prize-master, and retook the vessel—she was however retaken shortly afterwards and carried into St. Jago. It was afterwards reported that the mate and the two men were murdered when retaken. Phil. Reg.
Extract of a letter from a gentleman in Bordeaux, to his friend in Philadelphia.
"The brave and innocent General MOREAU, is going to America: no doubt he will go to Philadelphia to settle, though it is said he intends going to Lancaster, preferring the German settlements from their steadiness of character.—This worthy man is regretted by every one for his simplicity of manners, and being without ambition. If the Empire falls, and emigration when once possible, will be very great from all parts of France."
The prints of Connecticut are occupied with discussing the interesting question, whether it is desirable to establish a permanent constitution in the room of the

royal charter at present in force. The republicans are strenuous advocates, and the federalists are strenuous opponents of the measure. There certainly cannot be a more propitious season than the present for a cool and deep examination of the important principles which form the elements of Constitutions; as it is probable that every great change introduced at this time would be in favor of Liberty. It is with much satisfaction, therefore, we perceive this subject awakening the attention it so well merits.
[Nat. Intelligencer.]
FARMERS BANK OF MARYLAND.
On Monday last the books for receiving subscriptions to the Farmers Bank of Maryland were opened in this city—and on Tuesday, (the second day,) were closed, 2774 shares having been subscribed, being 74 more than were allotted for this city and county. We are confident, from the information we have received, that had the books been kept open the third day, the number of shares subscribed for would have exceeded 3,000.—[Maryl. Gaz.]
FARMERS BANK. —The books for receiving subscriptions to this bank were opened on Monday last by the commissioners for this county, and continued open the two following days, during which time of the 1500 shares allotted for this county only a hundred were subscribed for.—[Fred. paper.]
BANK OF POTOMAC. —Yesterday the Commissioners appointed to receive subscriptions for shares in that institution, met at the Court House pursuant to notice; had there been sufficient time to take down the applicants' signatures it is probable the whole amount of shares would have been taken up on that day, but this not being the case, the books will be again opened this morning, when those disappointed yesterday will have an opportunity of subscribing.
[A. D. ADV. Sept. 8.]
LAUNCH.
The elegant United States Schooner Louisiana , recently captured, and pierced for sixteen guns, was on Saturday last launched from Parsons' ship yard, in this city. She is intended to be stationed on the Mississippi, under the command of Capt. Joseph Newcome. The materials of which she is built, and the workmanship reflects great credit on the builder.
[Balt. Fed. Gaz.]
The Governor of Pennsylvania has offered a reward of 800 dollars for arresting the principal offender, and 400 for arresting each of the accomplices concerned in the shooting of Edward Gobin. This individual was shot in the Wyoming settlement on the 27th of last July, it is supposed by one of the Connecticut intruders. It will be recollected by our readers, that this description of people have for a number of years past, notwithstanding the conciliatory measures of Pennsylvania, been in the constant perpetration of outrages on the rights of persons and property; and endeavoured by terror to possess themselves of property to which they have no rightful claim. We understand that it is contemplated by the executive of Pennsylvania to pursue vigorous measures for the suppression of these lawless associations.—[Nat. Int.]
The following is a complete List of the Members of Congress elected from N. Carolina—
Nathaniel Macon, William Blackledge, James Holland, Richard Stanford, Thomas Wynns, James Gillespie, Marmaduke Williams, Winston, Willis Alston—re-elected. Thomas Blount, Duncan McFarland—new members.
The above gentlemen are all republican. Of the present members one is federal. The change will, therefore, make a difference of two votes in the next house of representatives.
[Nat. Int.]
SAVANNAH, AUGUST 29.
We are credibly informed, that the ravages of caterpillars amongst the cotton, is a subject of serious alarm to the planters. The early appearance of these insects, their rapid progress & increase from St. Mary's along the sea board, extending to inland plantations, and up the fresh water rivers, renders the calculation of a cotton crop, truly uncertain and precarious. The appearance of caterpillars, heretofore, has been principally on the exposed parts of the sea islands, but from the present scourge, we find no situation exempt from these destructive reptiles.—[Columbian Museum.]
The Vice-President of the United States arrived, we understand, a few days since at St. Simons in a vessel from Philadelphia, in perfect health, and entirely relieved from the hydrocephalus which afflicted him in the neighborhood of that city. If his distance from the scene of guilt has removed the distraction of his brain, shall we presume also that it has quieted the unwelcome suggestions of his conscience?—[Ib.]
In our paper of the 29th of August, we have already introduced the injudicious movements of Mr. Kemper to the attention of the public. The following article will furnish some more recent intelligence of his affair.
NATCHEZ, August 14.
By a gentleman arrived here yesterday, from the neighbourhood of Bayou-Sarah, we have been favored with the following information: "That Mr. Nathan Kemper, with a party of about 30 men, with colors flying and horns sounding, marched from the neighborhood of the line of demarcation between this territory and West Florida, on the 7th instant, against the fort of Baton Rouge, on their way, they made prisoners of John O'Connor, eq. (an alcalde) and captains Pintado and Terry."
They arrived on the following morning about day light, near the fort. The Spanish commandant, (apprised of their intentions) had posted a picket of 18 or 20 men, who hailed the party as they approached; they immediately answered by a volley from their rifles, which dispersed the Spaniards, two of whom were observed to fall.
Kemper returned on the following day, with his party, to the Bayou-Sarah; he has established his head quarters near the house of a Mr. William Cobb. The following is an exact copy of a paper which is posted up at the quarters of Kemper, and at several other places through the country:
For a people to be free it is sufficient that they will it: we the undersigned, citizens of West Florida, send these presents greeting.
Whereas the despotism under which we have long groaned, has grown into an insupportable burthen, and as it is long since admitted, men are born with equal rights, we the undersigned inhabitants of that part of the dominion called West Florida, have resolved to throw off the galling yoke of tyranny, and become freemen by declaring ourselves a free and independent people; and by supporting with our lives and property that declaration, and we do by these presents, invite our fellow sufferers throughout the province aforesaid, to repair to the standard to aid in the effecting our common emancipation; we pledge ourselves solemnly to each other, and to our fellow men interested in the events, to avoid as far as practicable the effusion of blood (save that of our common enemy) and in all cases shall private property be held sacred. So soon as our emancipation is effected we will offer ourselves to some government accustomed to freedom.
Those who set up in opposition to our operations for the purposes aforesaid, will be viewed as our common enemy, the enemy of mankind and of liberty, and will be treated accordingly. Given under our hands on the fourth day of the line of demarcation, in the province aforesaid, this first day of Flotidian Freedom. August 7th, 1804.
An informant further adds, that Messrs O'Connor, Pintado and Terry were liberated, on the return of the party, who exacted their parole of honor, to take no active part against them during the continuance of the contest.
MISCELLANEOUS.
THEATRICAL PHENOMENON. —We have occasionally noticed the remarkable circumstance of a boy only 11 or 12 years of age, having made his appearance on the stage at Belfast, and at Dublin in Ireland, acquitting himself in a style of excellence that excited the utmost astonishment and applause from genteel and crowded houses. It appears that he has lately visited Edinburgh, where similar success attended his efforts. In the Caledonian Mercury of July 7, we find the following mention of his performance.
"If the Young Roscius's Douglas was a wonderful exertion, (and that it was, all tongues proclaim) his Tamerlane , last night, was superlatively grand!—He seemed to have more confidence, and to know his ground still better than on his first appearance. His dress as King was beautiful, and shewed his figure to much advantage. His love was given in tones
"So softly, that, like flakes of feather'd snow, They melted as they fell."
His breaks and fiery transitions were judicious; his disdain against Sifredi was noble; his amazement, tenderness, and sorrow, when Sifredi informed him that he was Earl Osmund's wife, were exquisite; as was his dignified deportment in the scenes with Osmund. His voice seemed to possess more compass than I at first imagined. His climaxes, I had almost said, were petrifying. But in one word, both his conception & exhibition of the character, so far exceeds any degree of excellence which could be supposed as a possible occurrence, I can only say, that no description can sufficiently depict his merit."
This Young Roscius was announced for Ossian in the Tragedy of Zara in a few evenings.
PATIENCE: A TALE.
[From the Sun.]
I. TWAS at some country place, a parson preaching, The virtue of long suffering was teaching; And so pathetically did exhort His listening congregation, and, in short, Discours'd so much of Job, and how he bore With such exceeding patience his woes, Faith 'twas enough to make a niah suppose Job with'd for more.
II.
Meaning, perhaps, that since 'tis plain, How needlessly we grieve at pain; How would it be if a man Purfu'd a diff'rent plan, And were to laugh, and treat the matter lightly; And not, when tortur'd with the gout, To make wry faces, roar and thout, But look agreeable and sprightly.
III.
'And pray, d'ye think, my dearest life,' Exclaim'd the Parson's wife, 'As after church they sat In courteous chat, 'That 'tis in human nature to endure The sad extremity of woe That Job, you say, did undergo? 'Tis more than I could do, I'm sure.'
IV.
"My dear," quoth he, "this diffidence Shows, let me tell you, great good sense, A talent in your sex we seldom see; And doubtless the remark is true As far as it extends to you, Though not, I think, to me."
V.
"No woman, since the world began, Could bear misfortune like a man— And in good truth, 'twixt you and me, And that without much vanity, I do conceive that I myself have shown, That patience, and that strength of mind, Were not entirely confin'd To Job alone."
VI.
Thus said the modest Priest, and would have said much more, But for the sudden op'ning of the door, When out of breath, in flumps, His clownish servant Numps, With mouth wide open, on the Parson gazing— Just like the wight Who drew old Priam's curtain in the night, To tell him Troy was blazing.
VII.
"Well, Numps, the matter? speak! why look so pale? Has any thing gone wrong?" Quoth Numps, "The ale!" "What!" cries the Priest, "the ale gone four?" (And then his phiz began to lower;) "Turn'd sour! No, master, no," replied the fellow; "But just now as I went, d'ye see, To tilt the cask—away roll'd he, And all the liquor spilt about the cellar."
VIII.
The fact was, Numps a cask of ale had flav'd: Now pr'ythee tell me how the Priest behav'd— Did he pull off his wig—Or tear his hair? Or like that silly fellow Job, Throw ashes on his head, or rend his robe? Say, how did he this dire misfortune bear? As thus in voice of pious resignation, He to his man address'd this mild oration:
IX.
"May God confound thee, thou damn'd stupid bear!" (The best of Priests, you know, will sometimes swear:) "What! you must meddle, must you, With the barrel, and be curs'd e're you I wish thy paws were in the froth rot 'em— Get thee down stairs this instant, wretch, Or, by the living God, I'll kick thy breech From top to bottom."
X.
"Nay, now, my dearest," cried the Dame, "Is this your patience?—fie for shame! I beg you'll recollect your text; Job was not half so vext When he'd his sons and daughters to bewail!" "Damn all his sons and daughters if you choose; Answer me this, I say—Did Job e'er lose A barrel of such ale?"
Extract of a letter from a gentleman in Nassau, (N. P.) dated the 18th of August.
"A Spanish Doctor here, cures the yellow fever by an infusion of the rind of the common four Orange in boiling hot water, of which the patient drinks most plentifully, lukewarm, on the first appearance of the symptoms, and continues to do so till the cure is effected. He also, on the first appearance of the disorder, anoints
the body all over with sweet oil, well rubbed in. Whether this treatment be secundum artem , I know not, but it is certain that many of the patients of this man have recovered, while those of the regular physicians uniformly die, without, I believe, one exception to the contrary. It may not be improper to observe, that this infusion, when first administered, excites vomiting."
[Charleston City Gazette.]
COMMUNICATION.
Mischievous Reflections suggested by the present State of Politics in Europe.
GOVERNMENTS do not appear to be always apprised of the tendency of the wars in which they engage, and the modes of hostility they pursue, to promote the favourite views of the governing power of the adverse country. Among the causes that have contributed to accelerate the present crisis in France; to confirm the power of Bonaparte, and render popular his usurpation, none have operated more powerfully than the war with England. Independently of the effect it has had, in common with all other wars, of strengthening the hands of the executive, by an increase of expense and military force, and which are mentioned by Robertson and other writers, among the fortunate causes that led to the aggrandizement of kingly power in Europe, at the expence of the feudal Barons—the exciting war with England has been attended with circumstances peculiarly calculated to produce the event, which every friend to liberty must deplore. The mutual animosity existing between the people of the two countries, is known to every one. It is an animosity encouraged by the governments for political purposes, aggravated by injury and insult, and perpetuated by ignorance. It is only necessary to trace a connection between the government of one country and any party existing in the other, and it has the double effect of attaching all the hatred and jealousy of the people against the enemies to the cause which they support, and of binding them by indissoluble bonds of affection and interest to the power attempted to be overturned.
The conspiracy formed by England for overthrowing the consular power, without considering the wickeder effects of the attempt and the ignoble and repulsive nature of assassinating warfare, and the cruelty of sending to almost certain destruction a band of faithful and unfortunate, but deluded royals, had a direct tendency to favour the accomplishment of the wishes of Bonaparte. The language used in all the addresses upon the occasion, and from every quarter of France, prove this fact. That conspiracy has not only extinguished every ray of hope for the unfortunate house of Bourbon, but it has induced the French, in baracading themselves against the machinations of England, to close the doors against liberty itself.
Of the alacrity with which aspiring governments avail themselves of foreign discontent, as a pretext for domestic usurpation, we have had an example in our own country and in our own times. We too had and still have among us, a party who think or affect to think that our government wants energy. This party, when in power, in order to obtain this grand desideratum which they say we are so much in want of, found it convenient, among other schemes, to quarrel with France. The party (for a number of persons concurring in any particular object must be called a party) who opposed the measures of the day, were not as the royals of France are with the government of England, really connected with the government of France; it was only an imaginary connection, ungrounded in truth, and imputed to them for particular purposes. Notwithstanding this, in the partial state of hostility which ensued, every act of aggression, and every capture made by the cruisers of France, operated as a defeat to the republicans, and was a cause of victory and triumph to their adversaries.
In stating my opinion of the effect of the royalist conspiracy, I would not be understood as considering it the only or even principal cause of the establishment of hereditary monarchy in France. I believe there are many circumstances in the internal situation of that country which promoted the event, perhaps many that rendered it necessary. The practicability of republican government in Europe, during her present state of manners, is too questionable a thing for me to decide on. Of the following truths, however, I feel the most entire conviction:—That no individual can enslave a nation which is capable of freedom, and that no individual can preserve a nation from slavery who are incapable of freedom. Impressed with this belief, I never view with that detestation which is bestowed on them, that class of persons on whom is generally conferred the title of usurpers. Such characters always arise in times of civil discord and trouble, which they have generally terminated. And I believe an attentive perusal of the histories of those events which have produced all assumptions of absolute power, from Julius Cæsar to Bonaparte, will show that the people, fatigued by the successive vicissitudes of party, had by general consent invested them with the effective power of the state, before it was legitimated by any formal act, or sanctioned by any title. But it may be asked, why did not Bonaparte, after quelling the factions in France, organise the republic and reign his power, after it had answered the purposes intended? "After the peace of Amiens (says Carnot,) Bonaparte might have chosen between the republican system and the monarchical." But with due deference to Mr. Carnot, this assertion attributes a degree of power which I cannot think was ever possessed by any individual. It is in the power of an individual to say, that he will not, himself, become a despot; it is in his power to choose between himself and another despot; it is in his power, when aided by the general will, to quell an existing faction—but it is only for omnipotence to remove the causes which produce factions, and enable them to tyrannize over states. Bonaparte or Julius Cæsar would have found that the task of governing an empire, when compared with the labour of purifying a corrupt state, was attended with but trivial difficulty.
FOR THE ENQUIRER.
In the Virginia Argus of the 18th ult. a writer under the signature of "Somebody," says that he has made a discovery how to find the accurate distance of any perceived object, however great such distance. "The plan," he says, "being more simple, cheap, and easy, than any hitherto published," he freely gratifies the public with it; and to explain it, he proposes to find the distance from the edge of the river at Court's ferry to the ferry-house, by the assistance of four strips of wood and a two foot rule; with which he proceeds as follows:—He sticks two of these at the water's edge, any distance apart, his example says 6 yards (tho' I suppose by mistake 60 yards,) he then measures off, say 50 yards, from each stick, on a line with each stick and the ferry-house, where he places the other two sticks, and supposes the last two sticks to be half a yard more apart than the other two sticks at the water. He then multiplies 50 yards by 6 yards and divides the product by half a yard, the quota 600 yards, he says is the distance to the ferry-house. He then says:
"Those who wish to be very accurate will find it necessary to draw a straight line on the ground, pointing straight towards the object (the ferry-house) and draw a line square across that line, and make the two first sticks stand at equal distances from the first line, one on one side and the other on the other side, and in a straight line with the second line, this will place these two sticks at equal distances from the object (the ferry-house) which is absolutely necessary to be very accurate."
This writer will always find it necessary to form an isosceles triangle, if he wishes to find the real distance; for whenever he attempts to solve a question of this kind, in the manner he proposes, without forming that triangle, his plan will be absolutely erroneous, and consequently, his deductions false.
I shall now point out his error, give the true data to proceed upon, and prove that the distance can be ascertained without the trouble of drawing a perpendicular and forming the isosceles triangle, and that, with as much truth, as when proceeding upon those data. It would have been more conclusive to have projected the figure attended with the demonstration; but supposing you are not much troubled with mathematical enquiries, and therefore may not have the necessary types, I shall proceed otherwise, but in order to shorten it as much as possible, let A represent the object whose distance is required (the ferry-house) and let B. C. D. E. & F. represent the 1st, 2d, 3d, 4th & 5th sticks.
Place the sticks B & C at the edge of the water any distance apart you please (say 6 yards) then lay off from B any other distance you please (say 50 yards) on a line with AB, and there place the stick D—thus far the writer is correct; now lay off the distance BD, parallel to the same line BD, and place there the stick E; then measure from E to D, and if the line ED equals the line BC, the stick E is rightly placed, if not it must be corrected by trials; for the line ED must be equal and parallel to the line BC, as likewise the line CE must be equal and parallel to the line BD, now the four sticks C E D B always form a regular figure, which will be either a square, a right or an oblique angled parallelogram, but never a trapezium, as this writer's example makes it. Lastly, continue the line DE till it intersects the visual line CA made by the stick C and the object (the ferry-house) there place the stick F, and measure the line FE.
Now the triangles formed by the sticks CFE, and the stick BC and A the object are similar & equal, from whence arises this analogy: FE: EC:: CB: BA: or FE: FC:: CB: CA.
Now if the true distance from where this writer placed the sticks B & C to that part of the ferry-house be exactly 600 yards, he then accidentally formed the isosceles triangle without knowing it. He avers that his plan has not hitherto been published. What credit ought to be given to his assertion, I leave to be gathered from every author who has treated demonstratively on geometry. He will find his invention or discovery in Ewing's Synopsis, and there can be no doubt, but the fame is in most authors on the subject.
This writer might convince himself of his error, by selecting an isosceles triangle along its perpendicular, and comparing the right angled triangle with the projection of his example, and if he knows any thing about the properties of a triangle, he may soon perceive, from their dissimilarity, that both cannot be right.
If the line of the two first sticks BC make an acute or an obtuse angle with AB it is the same, for in all cases equal angles subtend equal sides, hence the necessity of proceeding on a right angled datum is optional.
The distance might be found with two sticks, with as much truth; but those who understand the analogy arising from similar triangles have no occasion to be told so, and to those who do not, I would recommend the study of some of the most easy and leading propositions of Euclid, where this writer may find his invention fully demonstrated, and in any late author on surveying or mensuration, he may find it properly applied as above; which is what this writer wished to have done, but for want of mathematical knowledge has failed.
J. P.
Henrico County, September 16.
ENQUIRER.
RICHMOND:
WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 19, 1804.
ON PARTY DISSENSIONS.
WHEN a foreign enemy once menaces a country, the tumults of party begin to be disregarded. The common ruin which threatens to engulf their happiness, leaves no time to the different sects to dispute about creeds, or political fashions to contend for systems of government. To most men there is nothing so valuable as the free enjoyment of life, liberty and property; and when these are once endangered by a foreign foe, even the triumphs of ambition, or the turbid pleasures of revenge will lose all their attraction. The external pressure, which they sustain, becomes the occasion of a most intimate combination. It is not until this foreign force has ceased to operate upon them, that, like the particles of air, factions and sects become once more repellent and opposed.
The same phenomena which exist in larger societies of men, are to be observed also in their smaller circles. The same relation which subsists between a foreign enemy and the different parties of another country, prevails also between one powerful party and the smaller & feeble branches, and even individual members of another. So long as those parties appear nearly equal in numbers and strength; so long as one of them has any reason to fear that the least relaxation of its own efforts would be accompanied by the smallest triumphs of the other; the principle of cohesion between its own members becomes active and uninterrupted. Those among them who are attached to their cause by moral principle, are willing to sacrifice all minor considerations, all minor differences of opinion, and even some of their personal comforts, for the general good. Those again who, unaffected by moral principle, have joined them from personal considerations, from the desire of obtaining fortune or distinction, will find it to be their interest rather to unite than to separate. Instead of exposing themselves to suspicion, by forming a new and distinct combination, it will be their policy to press forward to the foremost van of their party, and by affecting an uncommon share of the general enthusiasm, to draw upon themselves the distinguishing attention and admiration of their followers.
The sound of triumph is generally to all parties the signal of disolution. When the enemy is once driven from the field, the confederates have then time to pursue their different inclinations, and display their peculiar propensities. The vain and the interested, and all those who have assumed the fair pretensions of patriotism to promote their own ambitious purposes, will now come forward to claim their reward. It is not a petty portion of the political harvest which will satisfy their desires. Theirs must be the Optima Spolia. They must be elevated to some of the highest posts of emolument and honour, or else their exalted services will be neglected; their towering hopes will sink into the deepest dissatisfaction. Perchance even their usual prudence may then desert them; and with the time infamous facility, with which they would abandon the standards of their country, they will be found traitorously relinquishing their own cause, and without any plea of justice or of virtuous preference, incorporating themselves with the opposite party. It was thus that the unscrupulous Callender was found to prostitute his admirable talents. It was thus that Aaron Burr, of New-York, not contented with the second office under the United States, was seduced by his syren-like ambition, to an interminable destruction.
The defection of such men may fill us with wonder, but not with a serious regret. We may lament, it is true, that men of such admirable endowments should be subject to such melancholy deviations; but we are on the contrary, pleased at unmasking their pretensions, and knowing them for what they are. We are not sorry that the turbid stream of party should thus become defecated and free from corruption.
But there is another source of diffention, which may fill us with more pungent regret. Of those men who have adhered to their cause from moral motives, many will be induced to differ from their party on subordinate questions. Sometimes they may even feel their own personal injury, when the good of their country is not injured by their conduct. But from that moment the eye of suspicion is fixed upon them. Their political reputation becomes dependant upon a varying and vulgar rumour. In vain may they sometimes allude to a long life of services, as the apology or justification of their conduct. They may describe the dangers which they have encountered; the plans of public utility which they have contributed to promote; vsin. All are cancelled by one conscientious act, or by one hasty error. The ostracism is pronounced upon them. A dishonourable exile from their party is held forth as their merited punishment. This is one of the very worst features of a popular government; and yet it is an emanation from one of its best principles. It is because man is too prone to corruption, when he has once acquired power, that the people are prone to suspicion. It is for this reason that every man is apt to become the object of a most critical scrutiny, when he possesses extraordinary power or reputation, even though they should be founded upon the most illustrious virtues. It was because Arifides was denominated just, that the jealous Athenian was anxious to banish him from his native country.
Should these suspicions succeed in weaving such a man from his party, or planting in it the seeds of diffention, it may defer the most profound regret. But there is a course which that man, if he be enlightened and energetic, will not fail to pursue. In spite of the varying opinions of his contemporaries, let him never contaminate the purity of his own principles. Let him not, because he is the subject of temporary suspicion, give them a colouring of truth, by joining his exertions to those of the opposite party. "Self-balanced, self-centred," let him await, until the effervescence of the moment is over; for to him the period of tranquillity will be the period of vindication.
Some of the Federal Editors have lately complained, that they do not regularly receive their distant papers. The Editor of the Norfolk Public Ledger has even ventured to explain this omission, by a very ingenious supposition. He seems to imagine, that the Postmasters have intentionally withheld the papers, which are addressed to the Federal printers. I presume he means to insinuate, that the papers which are intended for the Republican printing offices are regularly forwarded. This is a mistake, which I am bound to correct. By the Friday's mail, we received not more than four or five papers. Two only were brought to us by the Saturday's mail. I observe that a similar complaint is made in the last Petersburg Intelligencer. The fact seems to be that some common cause independently of party discrimination, occasions the detention of the papers. Whether this arises from the negligence of the printers in putting up their papers properly, or of the postmasters in regularly sending them on, my own observations have not sufficiently determined.
TO CORRESPONDENTS.
The mathematical communication appears in this day's paper. J. P. would oblige the Editor by giving to his accurate Essay a more condensed form, and adapting them to more familiar subjects.
The communication from Winchester appeared at first under a very "questionable shape." A complaint against a public officer that he had converted a common writ into a Letter-de-Cacher and that complaint coming too soon from an "unfounded stranger," these were circumstances, which seemed to invoke the assistance of the Press. Further reflection however convinced the Editor that a public paper was incompetent to give any redress. The charge is not factually made out, & if it were, a court of law would be the proper place for seeking redress. At all events, this communication is too personal, both in its tenor and in its form.
J. C. must excuse us for not making public his portrait of a conqueror. The Editor cannot indulge a hope, that the description would meet the eyes of many of the fashionable fair; thro' the medium of this paper; & could he even indulge that hope, he should still wish to believe that the future which it contained would be altogether misplaced.
The letter of Richard Henry Lee, to Patrick Henry, shall receive an early insertion.
DIED —on Wednesday the 12th inst. Mr. THOMAS H. ELLIS, formerly of Amherst, after a short but severe illness, which he bore with becoming fortitude. In this amiable young man his family have sustained a great loss, and society has cause to regret his untimely end.—Well may we say
"The whiny blast of Death Kills not the bud of Virtue; no, they spread Beneath the Heav'nly beams of brighter fumes, Through endless ages into higher powers."
At a board of Directors, of the Bank of Virginia, on Thursday the 13th September, 1804: RESOLVED, that the operations of the Bank, commence on Monday the 8th of October.
RESOLVED, that any person producing and depositing at the Bank their or Commissioners receipts, for any number of shares regularly endorsed or assigned, shall be entitled to receive one in his, her, or their own name or names, in a form similar to that of the Commissioners at Richmond, during therein the whole number of shares to which he, she or they may be entitled, and the sum paid thereon.
JOHN BROCKENBROUGH, Cashier. September, 19—[eptsd.]
DATES'S ALMANAC —FOR 1805—Published by Messrs. Davis & Conway, may be had at the Office of the Enquirer. September 19. eptf
"HIGHLY IMPORTANT."
The republican printers throughout this state are requested to have in their papers, that the election on Election Day for President and Vice-President of the United States, will be held on the first Monday of November next, at the Court-house of each county and corporation in this commonwealth; and that the persons chosen as Electors, are to meet at the Capitol in the city of Richmond, on the first Wednesday in December next, to vote for a President and Vice-President.
September 17.—[eprn.]

It is one of the high prerogatives of the press, to offer its tribute of respect to the man of acknowledged genius. When such genius has arisen and flourished in his native country, the American Editor will perform this duty with redoubled satisfaction.
The extract, which this day adorns the columns of our Paper, constitutes a part of an ingenious treatise on the Bile by James Maclaurin M. D. of Virginia. Fraught with almost all the graces of composition and recommended by an admirable solidity of thought, this work has long since attracted the attention and admiration of the world. It is true that recent researches in the great principles of chemistry and medicine, by discovering new facts and correcting ancient errors, may have served indeed to invalidate many of its conclusions. Yet it is very much to be doubted whether the classical charms of its style, and the admirable ingenuity of its views, particularly in its introductory part, will not sometimes recommend it to the taste of the general scholar; and whether the aptness and simplicity of its experiments on the composition, chemical relations, and animal uses of the bile, will not in spite of the progress of philosophy, always entitle it to a very high consideration in the studies of an enlightened physician.
The curious stranger, who perceives in this extract the strong traces of an active and penetrating mind; who from admiring the work itself, begins to conceive a high veneration for the genius of its author, may perhaps extend its enquiries into his subsequent delin- neary. He might ask perhaps, whether this ingenious man has already descended to the silence and inactivity of the tomb; or whether he still lives to exert his energies, to unfold the secrets of nature and to awaken the slumbering genius of his countrymen. He might demand perhaps to be told, what great experiments he had performed, what comprehensive systems he had composed, what inveterate disease had yielded to his power, what branch of medicine or of general science he had contributed to illustrate. If he were an Englishman, he might perhaps compare him with the Brown and Darwin of his own country; he might say, that in their youthful days, they had exhibited no prouder specimen of genius, than
and might quote Quod Iplendida Bile;" and he might then ask for some systematic production, which might deserve an equal fame with the "Elementa Medicinae" or the "Zoonomia" of these celebrated authors. At least he might wish to enquire whether this Virginian, upon his return to his native country, had not still continued to follow the scientific march of the European philosophers; whether he had not pursued with a steady and unrelaxing step the discoveries of Lavoisier, Chaptal and Fourcroy in Chemistry, of Blumeubach and Spallanzani in the theory of digestion; and whether he had not found in these recent researches at least some apparent refutation of his opinions, that Phlogiston was the colouring principle of the Bile, and that digestion was simply a fermentative process. He would perhaps then demand whether a new edition of this treatise on the Bile had not already appeared, fraught with new experiments, corrected in its ancient mistakes, and leading to more accurate and comprehensive conclusions.
Such at least might be some of the enquiries, which an inquisitive stranger would probably make, who examines this ingenious treatise. Such perhaps would be some of the remarks, which a native Virginian might be anxious to suggest, who is unable to withhold his admiration from the following reflections on the utility of scientific Theories, which are extracted from its introductory Essay.
But while he feels a warm affection for the child of his own fancy, he pursues, with severest scrutiny, the schemes of every rival theorist. He expunges what was absolutely false; and limits what an enthusiasm, similar to his own, had extended beyond its proper bounds. A succedane- ous dogmatist shows him the same impartiality; and loquels, with as little tenderness, the luxuriant growth of an over-heated imagination. One is ready to believe that this arduous, so well adapted to invention and new combinations, corrected by that sang-froid which a man possesses in examining the works of another, though a perpetual source of private delusion, must tend, at least, to the general good, and quicken the progress of science.
And accordingly we observe, that as the rise and struggle of parties denote firmness & health in our excellent political constitution, so the perpetual growth and contention of systems is a mark of vigour in the state of medical knowledge. When Europe was sunk in ignorance, and every sort of improvement languished, Galen tyrannized for ages in the schools of physic. The first dawning of the rays of science.
— Ubi pulsam Hyemem sol aureus egit Sub terras, cæcumque obscurâ luce reclusit. seemed to restore some activity to the torpid minds of men, and disclosed the buds of another system. But, since that period, they have been germinating continually; and their decay seems to be proportionally accelerated. Boerhaave acquired the greatest authority in modern times; but his own pupils have thrown it off, and introduced innovations of the utmost importance.
This prolific birth, as well as transitory existence of systems, are evidently connected with the progress of experiment and observation. They remind us of the ancient fable of Saturn and his offspring, while they appear to devour the theories to which they gave origin. Yet it is unjust to charge the surest faculties of our nature with these unnatural, and short-lived productions. The information of the senses is right and true; though the opinions which we form in consequence are often erroneous. It is these opinions, the precipitate combinations of that busy organ the fancy, which experience disipates in its course, while it unveils the more beautiful order of nature. And if, in its progress through the series of connected being, it should ever reach the ultimate point, our system will be that of the world, and represent exactly the dispositions of things, which flowed originally from almighty will. In any other point of this progress, our arrangements must evidently be deficient; and, from a strong propensity of the mind to carry things to perfection, and to give them the appearance of a whole, we shall be continually supplying something from the imagination. This, I confess, should prevent our being wedded to a system; yet we may certainly treat it as a mistress; embrace it with ardour at present, and discard it whenever we are disgusted with its defects, or attracted by the superior qualities of another. For, the best system is only the expression of our degree of knowledge, at the time of its production; and their continual change, while it discovers their weak-
ness, is a mark of their growth and tendency toward perfection. But as these systems are the offspring of observation, so do they guide, and assist its steps. They present a mixed prospect, where some parts are fully illuminated by experience; while others are only faintly distinguished; or buried, perhaps, in a total obscurity. This is the chaos of science; and it is the business of the human mind, while it traces with wonder the operations of the divine, to diffuse over it the beauty of order. And though a difference of disposition, or more frequently of situation, will lead one to observation, and another to arrangement; their labours, far from being opposite, are mutually necessary. The quarrel between empirics and dogmatics is unnatural. As well might the fenses quarrel with the intellect, and each pretend to exercise their function separately. Every one sees, that they are useful only as combined; and that their excellency consists in their aiding, and correcting each other. To exclaim against every kind of system, has been reckoned a proof of earnest zeal for observation. Yet what is it, really, but to declare, that we must rest stupid, and indifferent spectators of the train of facts continually passing before us? For, in viewing them with any care, we soon perceive that some in the succession are intimately related. The attention excited pursues these through a variety of cases, proportioned to the extent of our sphere of observation. And a more than natural coolness must guard the temper, which escapes the effect of an emotion that hurries the mind into theory. A mere observer is a very uncommon creature; and we are rarely presented, with facts, unmixed with speculative notions. More frequent is that precipitation, which from observing the connection of certain facts, in a few instances, pronounces it to be constant and necessary. A perfect indifference about the matter may secure us from this error; but surely a fever of the mind, which tends, though irregularly, to use and improvement, is preferable to a fatal torpor, suspending its most important operations. The error will be corrected by the progress of experience; and frequently, in an inquisitive age, the having formed a false opinion will lead to the discovery of the truth; because it directs the attention, that source of all discoveries, to a particular point.
The number of absurd theories should not, therefore, inspire us with an antipathy to the term; nor must a panic terror of them banish physicians from the sacred temple of philosophy. To be hurt with the imperfect, and puerile commencements of reasoning in phyic, and to relinquish the hopes of a rational theory, is to be offended at the childish prattle of infancy, and to expect nothing better from a maturer age. That being; who formed the mind of man peculiarly capable of improvement, and though he fixed the limits of existence, and of the acquisition of knowledge in the individual, appointed no such boundaries in the species; has implanted in our breasts, together with curiosity, a fondness of system; and it is justified by the relations of things. Experience, while it discovers these relations, gives occasion to the exercise and display of that passion. If, therefore, we are determined to reject all system in medicine, let us oppose every obstacle to the natural progress of knowledge. We may begin with rejecting those sciences, anatomy, chymistry, and every branch of physics, which delude us continually with the hopes of penetrating into the secrets of the economy. Impenetrable dullness should henceforth be as necessary an appendage to the profession, as inflexible gravity. Genius must quit, in despair, a walk so little accommodated to his exertions; and the art, considered as a mere species of traffic, must fall into the hands of the stupid, and forbid part of mankind.
Let the sons of dullness, and indolence; or if there should be found a physician of extensive practice, with a naturally barren, and little-improved understanding, let him deny the use of theory. We believe, most sincerely, that he is ignorant of its proper use; and when he finds that all the profits of medicine can be reaped without such a troublesome instrument, he may really think it unnecessary. Gesit enim Nummum in loculos demittere, posthac Securus.
Yet there are some, it is said, to whom the progress of our art is less indifferent, that have adopted the same notion. Diseases, they apprehend, like the other productions of Nature, are known and distinguished by their sensible properties; and their cure is only taught by experience. What occasion then for theory, which has so often deceived us? The knowledge of diseases, and of their remedies, can only be acquired by an assiduous attention to practice; and an hospital is the only useful school of phyic.
Nor shall we deny, that a certain assemblage of symptoms gives to diseases their sensible form. It is the arrangement of these forms, according to their relations & differences, which makes the business of nosologists. They adopted the method, that had appeared so successful in the distribution of animals and vegetables. But these are multiplied continually in the same form; and Nature has drawn a line between their several species, which effectually prevents their confusion.
What are the species of diseases? A fever, a diarrhoea, a jaundice, an epilepsy, are apprehended to be all of a distinct nature; yet they sometimes concur in the formation of one disease. From the different constitution of the machine in individuals, the configuration of its parts, and the influence of those external powers to which it is continually exposed, its disorders appear under a great variety of forms. To determine what symptoms, in any combination, are essential, and mark the specific nature of the disease, must frequently be a difficult task. It will certainly require that symptoms be traced to their origin; that the historian should turn philosopher; and we may probably differ as much in our nosological arrangement, as in our reasoning on the phenomena of diseases.
In the mineral kingdom, the method of the botanist was found insufficient; and soon yielded to one erected on a chemical investigation. For here, the limits of combination are so wide, and the consequent production so various, that our attention was confounded, when we directed it only to their external and obvious qualities. An enquiry into their composition, has furnished us with an useful distribution of them, according to essential differences.
The symptoms of diseases may be considered as a language in which nature addresses us; as signs whose meaning we are to investigate. We must not be contented with merely observing them, any more than with simply remarking the phenomena of the inanimate world; but should endeavour to trace them to those laws of the economy on which they depend. The improvement of anatomy and chymistry, the dissection of morbid bodies, and experiments on living animals, have certainly carried us some way in this enquiry; and by settling the theory of diseases have contributed to mend, or confirm our practice.
If this practice had attained perfection; if every disease was defined, and the best method of treating it exactly determined; there would, indeed, be no occasion for theory. Yet, though we could suppose that men, conducted by their
pure feelings, had reached this pitch of excellence, in the most difficult of human arts; we must still have commenced that curiosity, which, not contented with simple imitation, should attempt to draw the veil; and by discovering the reasons of this successful proceeding, establish it on the best and surest ground. But if we modestly acknowledge a practice, which is so various, to be still imperfect; and if diseases will occur either entirely new, or so altered that the mere light of experience cannot guide us in their treatment; we shall not readily give up those principles, which must conduct us where examples fail. Yet it cannot be denied, that successful modes of practice have grown up, we know not from what origin; or have been introduced by the most ignorant empirics. But have not very useful machines been invented by people, who were ignorant of the principles by which they were governed? And does it follow, that a knowledge of the laws of mechanics is of no use to the artist?
But theory carries the mind through the whole circle of sciences, in its search after analogous phenomena to explain those of life; and in its enquiry into the powers which influence the animal operations. And some have imagined that this diffusion of the attention is unfavourable to the progress of medicine. Their idea seems to have been taken from a view of those arts, which are brought to perfection by means of their subdivision into the minutest branches. Nor do they find any absurd analogy in supposing, that as our shoes are much better, since each manufactory in their structure has employed the whole skill and address of a reasonable creature, so the management of diseases might be rendered much more dexterous, by limiting the attention of the physician. And, in consequence of this doctrine, they have proposed to make every disease the care of a particular person; just as wilfully as ancient superstition believed that every tree of the grove required its tutelary deity.
The mere arts may be improved by repeated subdivisions; but those which partake of the nature of sciences require a different method of cultivation. It is the remark of a celebrated historian, that the art of war, for some centuries the only object of attention to all the gentry of Europe, acquired little improvement in the hands of men, who despised every other sort of knowledge. A personal dexterity in the management of their arms was common enough; but an extensive system of operations required an acquaintance with principles, which mere habit could never teach.
The reader, I hope, will not find any thing whimsical in this comparison of arts, which have equally the appellation of murderous; nor be led to fancy that a dogmatic and an empiric differ like a Marshal Turenne and a savage warrior; chiefly because the former pursues more scientifically his destructive schemes. A less exceptional illustration may be found in the progress of an art very closely connected with medicine.
While the knowledge of chymists was confined to the operations within the laboratory; their art though destined to throw a light on so many parts of nature, was full of mystery and confusion. The variety of phenomena, multiplied by every day's experience, inspired an admiration that arose to enthusiasm, and gave probability to their absurdest fancies. They did not attempt to explain these phenomena, by shewing their relation to what happened in other parts of nature; for they were acquainted with no other part. But the mind will always be striving to generalize its notions; and system is as natural to mankind as invention. Certain facts made a more forcible impression on them; to these they referred every phenomenon which had any appearance of analogy; and they erected them into governing principles of the world. They beheld every where the operation of acids, alkalis, nitre, and sulphur; and corrupted the theory of medicine. The eye of a philosopher pierced this cloud, which the manœuvres of a thousand artists seemed only to render more thick and obscure. It was indeed a philosopher; one that looked through nature, and discovered the springs of that variety of movements which form the changing scene of our world. It was Sir Isaac Newton!
LOW FOR CASH, OR ON SHORT CREDIT, Direct from Pennington's Manufactory, Philadelphia;
LOAF SUGAR, Of an excellent quality, either by the hoghead, barrel, or single loaf. The supply will be regular and large.
ALSO—BAR IRON, by the ton or single bar: IRON CASTINGS of various kinds, by the ton or single piece, among which are a few tons of 50 and 60 lbs. weights. MICAJAH DAVIS. 4th of 7th mo. 1804. [eW6m]
DOCTOR WILSON, HAS taken (as a temporary residence) the house lately occupied by Doctor Adams, opposite the Bell Tavern, and intends to combine the APOTHECARIES BUSINESS with the PRACTICE OF PHYSIC. He is now opening a part, and expects to receive by the next arrivals from Philadelphia, the balance of a fresh and very general supply of MEDICINES, and other articles in the Apothecaries Line, which will be sold on the lowest terms. Orders from the country, Recipes, &c. will be carefully attended to. June 27. [eW6m]
WANTS EMPLOYMENT, A YOUNG MAN who writes an excellent hand, and has been accustomed to BOOK-KEEPING for the last nine years. He can come well recommended for his sobriety and attention to business. A letter directed to A. B. and left with the Printer hereof shall be duly attended to. August 29. [eW4m]
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, THAT a Petition will be presented to the General Assembly, at their next Session, for the sale of the Glebe in St. Mary's Parish in Caroline; & the investiture of the interest of the Money, thereby raised, in the present Incumbent, so long as he may continue to act as such in the said Parish. CAROLINE, August 18, 1804. [eW3m]
LOW FOR READY MONEY.
FOR sale, an able NEGRO MAN, who has been accustomed to the use of the spade and scythe, and who will make a valuable labourer to a master residing in the country. Apply at the office of the Enquirer. August 5. eW4w
FALL GOODS.
WILLIAM TEMPLE has received by the ship Edward and Charles, from London, AN EXTENSIVE ASSORTMENT OF GOODS, suitable to the approaching season. He expects an ADDITIONAL SUPPLY, to complete his assortment, by the ship Sally from London, and Latona from Liverpool; which he will dispose of on his usual low terms. Sept. 8. eptf
BALTIMORE FRENCH COLLEGE.
THE numerous inconveniences arising from the successive entry of pupils, throughout the course of the year, have brought on a resolution of fixing on the month of September as the only period of admission for new boarders: that being the time of recommencement of the school, after the great vacation. Persons desirous of securing places for their young friends, should be early in their applications, as, from the present number, it is apprehended the College will soon be full. Baltimore, 18th August 1804. N. B. The Editors of new-papers throughout the United States, are requested to give the above advertisement as many insertions in the course of the month, as may be convenient. A prospectus of this institution may be seen at the office of the Enquirer. [eW 4t.]
VIRGINIA: AT A SUPERIOR COURT OF CHANCERY, HOLDEN IN RICHMOND, MARCH THE 26TH, 1804. Between JOHN SOMERVILL, Plaintiff. And LUCAS SULLIVAN and WILLIAM BASKERVILLE, Defendants.
THE defendant, Lucas Sullivan, not having entered his appearance and given security according to the act of Assembly, and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court, that he is not an inhabitant of this country: on the motion of the plaintiff, by his counsel, it is ordered, that the said defendant do appear here on the first day of next September term, and answer the bill of the plaintiff, and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in some newspaper in the city of Richmond, for two months successively, and posted at the front door of the Capitol, in the said city. A Copy—Felle, P. TINSLEY, c. c. July 25. eW2m
TUNSTALL'S PATENT THRESHING MACHINE.
THE advantages to be gained by farmers, by applying some more efficient parts to Threshing Machines, which have greater velocity, adequate strength, and greater cheapness than hitherto, and applicable to any machinery, are universally allowed to be very great. WILLIAM TUNSTALL has obtained a Patent for such improvements; and wishes to benefit the public on the most reasonable terms. Districts and individuals may be now accommodated with Machines and patent rights, by applying in person or by letter (post paid) to the patentee, William Tunstall, at the Swan Tavern, Richmond. N. B. A Mill Wright and Iron Worker for the respective parts, are wanted—apply as above. These Machines will hull Clover and thresh Rice. Buck Wheat &c. preferred free from grit—Counterfeits will be dealt with as the law directs. July 18. eW—4f
VIRGINIA, TO WIT: At a CHANCERY DISTRICT COURT HELD AT THE FOREXER CAPITOL, in the CITY OF WILLIAMSBURG, the 12th day of July, 1804. Gavin Lawison, Joseph Delaney and Sally his wife, and Zachariah Delaney, Plaintiffs. vs. Eliza Carter and Elizabeth her wife, late Elizabeth Lunsford, widow of Lewis Lunsford deceased, Harriet Lunsford, Miriam Lunsford, Maria Lunsford and Darius W. Lunsford, children and co-heirs of the said Lunsford, Defendants.
IT appearing to the satisfaction of the Court, that since the entering of the order in this cause, on the first day of July one thousand eight hundred and three, in the words following: "The defendants upon whom an attachment for their contempt in not answering the bill of the plaintiffs, has been returned executed, still failing to answer the same, the Court, on the motion of the plaintiffs, by their counsel, doth take their bill for confessed, and will proceed at a future day, to decree the matter thereof, unless the said defendants on or before the tenth day of the term next after they shall have been served with a copy of this order, there 'cause to be contrary," the defendants have removed themselves out of this Commonwealth, so that they cannot be served with a copy of the said order, on motion of the plaintiffs by their counsel, it is ordered, that the said defendants do appear here on the first day of the next term, and answer the bill of the plaintiffs, and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in some newspaper of the city of Richmond, for two months successively, and posted at the front door of the former Capitol in this City. A Copy, ANTHONY ROBINSON, C. C. W2m27
Mediterranean Passports.
NOTICE is hereby given, that it has been deemed expedient to change the form of the Mediterranean passport issued to vessels of the United States; that from the 8th day of July next, those of the new form will be issued at the custom houses to every vessel, for which application may be made on a compliance with the terms prescribed by law and surrendering the former passport of which she may be possessed, if any, in which latter case no fees will be required for the exchange: and that by an arrangement agreed upon by the Barbary powers with whom we are at peace, either the old or the new form of passport will be sufficient to protect the vessels of the United States, from capture until the 1st of July 1805, after which the old form of passport will be unavailable and the new one alone in use. Department of State, } 23d of May, 1804. } The printers of the laws of the United States are requested to insert the above in their Gazettes twice a week for the space of six months, and the Collectors of the customs to keep copies of it posted up in their offices. June, 2.
A PETITION will be presented to the next General Assembly, to establish a FERRY from the lands of PETER RUST, in Richmond County, to his said Rust's lands in Essex County. September 15. [3mp.]
FOR RENT, FOR A TERM OF YEARS,
THE Farm whereon James Harris, decd. lived about 18 years ago in the county of Caroline. It is beautifully situated on Pamunkey River, commands a handsome prospect, and is extremely beautiful. The dwelling house is very convenient with six rooms in the Cellar, and very dry. A person may stand in the dwelling house and see the mill, which is about a mile distant. The mill, which has a great deal of custom when going, wants a little repair; & the timber for which purpose is already on the spot. There are three springs on the place, the streams of which making into each other, form a rivulet which runs through the plantation. There are several flourishing orchards of charming fruit, such as Peaches, Apples, Pears, Damsons, Cherries of different kinds, &c.
As I presume no one will Rent without viewing the premises, I think it useless to give a further description. The terms will be made more particularly known to those that wish to rent, by applying to George Winflos, at Caroline Court next.
MARY HARRIS, jr. eptf.
PUBLIC NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, THAT the Common Hall of the City of Richmond, will at their next monthly meeting proceed to recommend to the Court of Burgess for the said City, one fit and proper person to be appointed a CONSTABLE of the said City, in the room of Leighton Wood, who hath resigned.
ANDREW STEVENSON, C. C. H. August 25. eptf8p
(BY AUTHORITY.)
SCHEME OF A LOTTERY....CLASS No. 1
TO BUILD AN ACADEMY IN THE CITY OF RICHMOND. 2750 Tickets at 10 dolls. each, dolls. 27,500 1 Prize of dolls. 5000 dolls. 5000 1 Do. 2000 2000 5 Do. 1000 5000 5 Do. 500 2500 10 Do. 300 3000 20 Do. 100 2000 1500 Do. 12 18000—27,500 1542 Prizes. 2208 Blanks.
2750 Tickets at 10 dolls. each 18 drawn Ticket having a blank to its number after 2000 tickets are drawn, dolls. 1,000 Do. after 2500 do. are drawn, 1,000 Do. after 3000 do. are drawn, 1,000 Do. after 3500 do. are drawn, 1,000 Last drawn Ticket, 5,000 This Lottery has been authorized by the Legislature of Virginia, for the laudable purpose of erecting a Seminary of Learning in or near the Metropolis of this State. With this view, it is contemplated to raise 30,000 dollars, and 2,500 dollars in addition, for defraying the expenses of drawing, &c. The Trustees to insure success, have divided the Lottery into four distinct classes, so as to raise the sum contemplated by an annual Lottery, for four years, to raise every year 5,000 dollars, that the work may progress; it is expected that the present Lottery may be drawn by the first day of January next.
It is hoped that the gentlemen who have purchased Tickets in the Richmond Academy will still hold them, as the division of the former Lottery into four classes was deemed necessary by the Trustees, to insure success to so useful an institution. The town of Belfon (to the honor of its citizens) has public Schools in which are about sixteen hundred pupils. The flourishing and increasing city of Richmond cannot boast of one public school. The Trustees of the Richmond Academy, have about thirteen acres of ground, nearly one half is accepted as a donation, and the remainder they have contracted for, on which they intend to erect the Academy. The site is elevated, healthy and beautiful. If any gentleman who has purchased Tickets is dissatisfied with dividing the Lottery into four classes, if he returns the tickets the money will be repaid, provided they are returned in ten weeks from this day—Drs. William Foshee, William Du Val, William Price (Registrar) and George Tucker, are appointed by the Trustees to sell and dispose of the Tickets, who are authorized to appoint agents for the above purpose. Tickets may be had of the said committee, at the Office of the Enquirer, at A. Davis's Office, of Messrs. Gallego, Richard & Co. Messrs. Burton & Brown, Messrs. Thomas Taylor & Co. of Wm. Prentis of Peterburg, of Dr. John Brackenbrough, jr. Samuel Pleasants, jr. and William Pritchard. September 8. eptf2w.
A WET NURSE. WANTED to hire or purchase, a Wet Nurse without a child of her own. Enquire of the Printers. August 8. eptf
FAIRFIELD RACES.
ON Monday the 1st of October next, will be run for over the FAIRFIELD COURSE, a Sweepstakes for Colts three years old, two mile heats. Seven Colts are entered at two hundred dollars each, and the subscription closed. Weights, agreeably to the rules of the Jockey Club. On Tuesday, the 2d day of October, the Jockey Club Purse of 400 Dollars, will be run for, four Mile Heats. The following day, the Purse of the proprietor of the Course, three Mile Heats. WEIGHTS AS FOLLOW. Aged Horses 193 lbs. 6 years old 128 5 years old 118 4 years old 106 3 years old 90. Mares and Geldings allowed three pounds. Richmond, August 18, 1804.
LIFE OF WASHINGTON.
THE FIRST VOLUME is ready for Subscribers at the Book Store of Wm. PRICHARD. Richmond, August 18, 1804. eptf.
NEAL NELSON, BOOT & SHOE MANUFACTURER,
MADE IN ANY PATTERN OR FASHION, equal in point of MATERIALS and WORKMANSHIP to any in general use. Imported Boots and Shoes, of the first quality and newest fashion, for sale. Gentlemen at a distance, who are disposed to forward me their measure, by paying attention to the annexed cut, can be fitted with Boots or Shoes as well as if they were on the spot. A—the length of the Boot. C—round the Calf. B—the pitch of ditto. D—round the heel and instep. E—round the instep. G—across the ball of the foot. Fix the heel against a perpendicular, and stick a knife at the end of the great toe—let down in figures the number of inches and quarters, in the different measures. June 30. eptf.
RUN AWAY from the subscriber in July last, a negro man, by the name of KITTY, who formerly lived in Manchester and was the property of Robert Smyth. He is of a black complexion, about forty years of age, a low squat negro, of pretty good bulk, and a little bald place on his head. It is presumed that he will make for Richmond or Manchester. A liberal reward will be paid to any person that will secure him in a Gaol, so that I get him again. All masters of vessels, are hereby forewarned, employing the said Negro, harbouring, or carrying him out of the State. WILLIAM CABLER. Pittsylvania, Sept. 12. [3t.]
We have received a small additional supply of MADEIRA WINE. OF a superior quality, which we offer for sale by the hoghead and quarter-cask. GIBSON & JEFFERSON. July 18. eptf
FOR RENT,
THE Tenement in which the Office of the Examiner was formerly kept, situated on Stocke Hill immediately below the Swan Tavern. The House and lot has lately undergone a thorough repair. The stand is supposed to be an excellent one for a Grocery and Dry Good Store; for which purposes the front Room is neatly fitted up. The above tenement may be rented with or without a Kitchen. Application to be made at the Office of the ENQUIRER. Sept. 5.
Printing,
IN ALL ITS VARIETY, EXECUTED AT THE OFFICE of the ENQUIRER.