The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1809-09-12 00:00:00

The Enquirer.
Vol. 6.]
RICHMOND, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 12, 1809.
[No. 36.]
Published by Thomas Ritchie, nearly opposite the Globe Tavern, Richmond, Virginia.
CONDITIONS: —Five dollars a year, to be paid annually in advance. Those who wish to be considered as annual subscribers, must hereafter designate it at the time of subscribing, otherwise their papers will be discontinued at the expiration of the first year. No paper can be stopped until all arrearages have been paid off—Good acceptances, in Richmond only, will be received in payment. The same rule as to Advertisements.
FOR SALE AT THIS OFFICE:
The 5th Volume of the ENQUIRER, complete, bound in boards.
VIRGINIA DEBATES, in the Convention, bound in calf, sheep and boards.
BURR'S TRIAL, for Treason and for a Misdemeanor, in boards—By D. Robertson.
LETTERS on the Subject of THE CATHOLICS—By Peter Plymley —from the 11th London Edition.
BLANKS, for Lawyers, Clerks, Sheriffs, Constables, Merchants, &c. &c. which will also be printed according to any form exhibited, at the shortest notice.
MANCHESTER ACADEMY. —In consequence of the intended removal of Mr. John Wood, to the city of Richmond, on the 25th September next, the trustees of the above Academy, are desirous of engaging a Teacher of the Languages and Mathematics, to supply the station he now holds. On application to the Treasurer of the Academy, residing in Manchester, the terms will be made known to any gentleman of liberal education and moral conduct.
August 25. tf
PATENT SHOT. —Five tons of Patent Shot, assorted from B.B.—No. 1 to No. 9; just received, from Beck's Manufactory in Philadelphia, for sale by the Subscriber; who will hereafter be furnished, from said Manufactory, with a regular supply of the above article, sufficient to meet any demand at this Market.
M. M. MYERS. Tgw
NOTICE. —On Monday the 23rd day of October next, will be sold at WHITBY , in the County of Chesterfield, upon a credit of 12 months; the personal estate of the late Col. Robert Goode, consisting of the present crop of Corn, Wheat, Oats, Fodder and Hay; the stock of Horses, Cows, Sheep and Hogs; the plantation Utensils and Household and Kitchen furniture. Bonds and approved security will be required of the purchasers to carry interest from the date if not punctually paid.
It is particularly requested that all those who may have claims against the Estate, will make them known immediately, to either of the subscribers, in order that provision may be made for payment.
RICHARD B. GOODE, } Admrs of the FRANCIS GOODE, } Will dined. That valuable and well known Estate called WHITBY , on James River, about three miles from the town of Manchester, will also be sold by private contract; it contains 1262 Acres of Land, about 220 acres of which are of the first rate low-grounds, and more than one half of the residue thereof is heavily timbered. To this Estate there are attached one of the best Fisheries on James River, and every convenient and necessary House for the accommodation of a Family. An indisputable title will be made and possession given on the first day of December next, with the liberty of sowing small Grain at any time, agreeable to the purchaser. The terms may be known on application to RICHARD B. GOODE, } Manchester OR } FRANCIS GOODE, } Petersburg. July 14. wistO
At the request of the legatees, and by virtue of a deed of trust, executed to us by the late Col. Robert Goode, dec'd, for the purpose of satisfying a debt therein mentioned, due to Mr. James Lyle, the above mentioned Tract of Land and improvements, will be sold, to the highest bidder, on the premises, on the 23rd day of October next, if not previously disposed of by private contract, in which event taking place, timely notice will be given. Terms of sale, one-third part of the purchase money will be required on the day of sale, one-third in twelve months, and the remaining third in two years, the instalments to carry interest from the day of sale, and the purchaser giving such satisfactory security as may be required.
JOHN MURCHIE, } Trustees. TARLTON SAUNDERS, } August 29.
JOHN & JOSEPH BOYCE, JR. STATIONERS & BOOK-BINDERS, opposite to the Globe Tavern, have just received, and are now opening for sale, a fresh supply of Writing Paper, &c. in addition to their former stock, consisting of Drawing Paper, Ladies & Gentlemen's Pocket Books, Quills, Ink powder, India Rubbers, Durable Ink, Penknives, plain and cut Glass and Pewter Ink Stands, of different sizes, Office Seal, Office Wafers, Wafers of all colours, Sealing-Wax, Sand-Boxes, Pounce, Ivory and Lignumvitae Pounce Boxes, Ivory Folders, blank and playing Cards, lead and slate Pencils, camel hair brushes, red Tape, Pasteboards, &c.
Day Books, Journals and Ledgers, with or without patent backs and patent lines, Record & Sheriff's Books, and Books of every description, ruled to any pattern.
John & Joseph Boyce, avail themselves of this opportunity to return their grateful acknowledgments for the liberal encouragement they have been favored with, since their entrance into business, and beg leave to assure their friends and the public, that they will always have a regular supply of every article, in the Stationary business, for sale, of the best quality, and on the most reasonable terms.
States, Cyphering-Books, Copy-Books, &c. N. B. Orders from the country, strictly attended to.
August 29. w3
BOARDING-HOUSE, to be opened in Williamsburg. The Subscriber, being about to remove to Williamsburg, informs the public that she intends to keep in that city, a
BOARDING HOUSE, and House of PRIVATE ENTERTAINMENT, which will be opened on the 20th day of September next. Her house is large and commodious, and situated nearly in the centre of the town—She will have an entirely new set of Servants, & Linens, by the strictest attention and exertions to please, to give satisfaction to those who may favor her with their company. Her intention is to accommodate Boys, Girls, Students of William & Mary College, grown Gentlemen, or Ladies, with board and lodging, or board only, by the day, month, or quarter of a year, on reasonable terms.
ANNA ETCH. Richmond, August 1. t20S
VIRGINIA. —At a Superior Court of Chancery, held at the Capitol, in Richmond, June the 1st, 1809.
Henry L. Biscoe Plff. against Peter Sallee, Defr.
The defendant not having entered his appearance and given security according to the act of Assembly, and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court, that he is not an inhabitant of this country: On motion of the plaintiff, by counsel, It is ordered , That the said defendant do appear here, on the first day of the next term, and answer the bill of the plaintiff, and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in some news-paper, published in the city of Richmond, for two months successively, and posted at the front door of the capital in the said city.
A Copy. Teste, PETER TINSLEY, C. C. August 15. w3w
VALUABLE LANDS FOR SALE. —The Subscriber wants to dispose of that valuable tract of LAND called FORT LEWIS , lying in the Counties of Botetourt and Montgomery, and containing about 2,600 acres. They also wish to sell 3,180 acres of Land lying in the County of Fluvanna, on the south side of the Rivanna river, extending from Col. Cary's line, down the river, to within about a mile of Columbia.
This last mentioned Land, being in five distinct tracts, will be sold separately or together, as may best suit any person desirous of purchasing. One-fourth of the amount being paid in hand, any reasonable credit will be given for the balance.
GIBSON & JEFFERSON. Richmond, July 28. tf
A NELEGANT ESTABLISHMENT FOR SALE. —The House and Tenement where the subscriber lately resided.
This tenement justly ranks amongst the first in this place, combining elegance, convenience, contiguity to the Capitol, and in the centre of a most agreeable neighborhood.
For terms apply to Mr. Wm. Long who is fully authorised to contract for the same.
J. PENN. tf
By virtue of a deed of trust, from Richard Young to the subscribers, bearing date the 27th day of April, 1808, and recorded in the General Court, for securing a certain debt, therein mentioned: Will be sold, to the highest bidder, on the 29th September next, before the Eagle Tavern, in the city of Richmond, (or so much thereof, as will be sufficient to satisfy said debt, with interest and costs,) the following valuable PROPERTY , viz. Lot No. 1, with the wharft attached thereto: No. 5, a water lot; No. 9, a lot with the yellow house, back of wharft No. 1; No. 13, back of water lot No. 5; No. 16, part of lot No. 178, in the plan of the city of Richmond, & No. 21, bought of the Executors of Francis Lewis, and on Bloody-Run Street. The same being the said Richard Young's part of property, situated at Rocketts, which he held jointly with Pickett, Pollard and Johnston, & assigned to him by deed of partition, executed by the parties, on the 17th March last.
The said sale will be made agreeably to the directions in such cases, of the act of Assembly, passed the 31st day of January, 1809, entitled, "An act concerning executions and for other purposes."
EDWARD JOHNSTON, JOHN FOX, Trustees. tds
RUNAWAY from the Subscriber in Amherst County, on the 24th Instant, my noted Waterman Robin, he is between 35 and 40 years of age, of black complexion, has very hollow cheeks, owing to the loss of his upper, and jaw teeth, he has been accustomed to run the river from Lynchburg to Richmond for many years, and has numerous acquaintances and it is highly probable that he will be harbored by some of them, I will give a reward of 10 dollars and pay all expenses to any person that will bring the said Fellow to me, otherwise will pay 5 dollars for putting him in the Jail of the County where he may be taken up.
THOMAS MOORE. 4w
COLUMBIAN MILLS. —The subscribers having purchased the Columbian Mills, beg leave to inform the public they are giving cash for Wheat and Corn. P. HAXALL & Co. September 5. tf
GEORGE WATT has just received, and offers FOR SALE, Sicy, Madeira, and Sherry WINE , by the Hhd and Qr. case, Green Coffee, Orleans Sugar by the Hhd.; German Platillas Simplex by the piece or case, half pint Glass Tumblers in cases of 1000 each, and New York Soap & Candles.
ON HAND, Madeira Wine, Orleans and Muscovado Sugars, Green Coffee, Molasses, Prime Pork, Liverpool and Stone Ware, Soucings, Hyson Skin, and Gunpowder Tea, Spanish Segars, Raisins, Almonds, Nutmegs, Window Glass, Men's & Women's Shoes, which he will dispose of by wholesale on reasonable terms.
July 22. tf
THE subscriber will sell the HOUSE & LOT at present occupied by himself; and also, an unfinished House, with an half acre of Land, attached to it, near his residence.
If not previously disposed of by private contract, this property will be sold, at public auction, upon the premises, on the fourteenth day of September, ensuing. The improvements on the Lot, occupied by the subscriber, are plain, neat, comfortable and in good repair.
If required, some time will be given for a part of the purchase money.
The situation of this property is eligible, both as it regards health and a good neighborhood.
SAML. GREENHOW. t4Sep
DISSOLUTION OF PARTNERSHIP. —The Partnership of Hugh Chambers of Richmond, and Wm. H. McCutchen and Enoch Price of Philadelphia, was, on the 14th Inst. dissolved by mutual consent—All persons indebted to the House at Richmond, will make payment to Hugh Chambers, who is fully authorized to settle the affairs of the concern.
HUGH CHAMBERS, WM. H. MCCUTCHEON, ENOCH PRICE. Richmond, August 29.
THE business in future will be conducted by Hugh Chambers, who has removed to the Store formerly occupied by Dodge and Cobb, being the upper or most westerly tenement of the range of Col. Mayo's buildings—And in addition to his present extensive assortment of Dry Goods, expects shortly to receive a large additional supply from Philadelphia; which will be sold at very reduced prices for cash or acceptances in town at a short date.
HUGH CHAMBERS. In
August 29.
IN CHANCERY. —In Powhatan county court, July 21, 1809.
Brown, Rives & Co. Plffs. against Samuel H. Owen and Joseph Mayo, executor of David Owen, dec'd. Defs.
THE defendant Samuel H. Owen, not having entered his appearance, and given security according to the act of assembly, and the rules of this court; and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court, that he is not an inhabitant of this country: On motion of the plaintiffs, by their counsel; It is ordered , That the defendant, Samuel H. Owen, do appear here on the first day of October court next, answer the plaintiff's bill, & that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted, in one of the Richmond news-papers, for two months successively, and posted at the door of the court-house of this county.
A Copy. Teste, JAS. POINDEXTER, C. C. August 1. 2m
NOTICE. —All persons concerned are required to take notice, that we have sold the debts due to the late concerns of Robert Pollock and Co. of Richmond, & Dunlop, Pollock and Co. of Manchester, to Messrs. Tompkins and Murray of Richmond, and that payments hereafter are to be made to them alone, or to those whom they may empower to collect.
JAMES & JOHN DUNLOP. Petersburg, Sept. 5.
THOSE indebted to the late concerns of Dunlop, Pollock and Co. of Manchester, and Robert Pollock and Co. of Richmond, are now requested to come forward and settle their respective balances, as longer indulgence cannot be granted: Lawyers and agents having the collection or settlement of debts due either of the above concerns, will be pleased to forward us statements of the business in their hands.
TOMPKINS & MURRAY. Richmond, Sept. 5. ep2m
MR. ANDERSON'S ACADEMY, FOR FEMALE EDUCATION, Lynchburg, Virginia.—Mr. A. informs the friends of his institution, that it is now established in one of the most healthy, commodious, and beautiful situations of the upper country: desirably removed from the intrusion of dissipation, and sufficiently accessible to agreeable and improving society—The residence of Mrs. Camp, (sister of Mr. A. and for eight years the maternal guardian of the young ladies, attending his instruction,) is on a fine hill immediately above the town, and in a charming neighborhood; a situation admirably well adapted to the pursuit of literary and general improvement.
TERMS OF BOARDING AND TUITION: For pupils under 9 years of age £3 30 per annum. From 9 to 12 years 40 do. Over 12 years 50 do. The second annual course will commence on the 11th September, and young ladies from the lower counties, who, on account of the healthiness of the situation, may desire earlier admission, will be immediately received.
September 5. 3w
A CARD. —The following plan of instruction will commence to-morrow, Sept. 6, at L. H. Girardin's Academy.
 1. Penmanship, Mercantile Arithmetic, Book Keeping, English Grammar, and English Literature generally, Latin and Greek Classics, Will be taught by— D. DOYLE.  2. French and Italian, Rhetoric, Logic, Moral Philosophy, Polity, Natural and Civil History, By L. H. GIRARDIN.  3. The various branches of the Mathematics, in their fullest extent, Natural Philosophy, Geography, Drawing, Landscape painting, &c. By JOHN WOOD. (Lately instructor of youth at Manchester.)  The advantages of the above comprehensive plan, speak for themselves. The terms are not enhanced: on the contrary, they are, in many instances, reduced, chiefly with a view to a wider diffusion of useful knowledge. Besides the respective duties stated above, the instructors will occasionally interchange branches, in order to ascertain the proficiency of the pupils in each department, and to cherish a laudable spirit of emulation. For further particulars, apply to the undersigned.
L. H. GIRARDIN. Sept. 5. 3t
FOR SALE, two thousand acres of YORK RIVER LAND, situated on the Pomonkey, in the upper end of King William, distant from Richmond twenty-five miles, from Hanover-town ten, and from Hanover Courthouse five—This Estate is one of the best on York River, combining as many advantages, as most in the lower country; the land is not so sandy as the Pomonkey low-lands generally are, which makes it produce good crops of Wheat & Corn—Adjoining it is a manufacturing Mill, not more than two miles from the Barn door, where the Richmond price is given, deducting the carriage to market. For health, elegance of situation, and good water, few places more happily combine these advantages—One sixth of the purchase money being paid down, a credit of five years will be given to the purchaser, and a Deed of trust required on the land, to insure the punctual payment of the remaining instalments.
THOMAS CARTY NELSON. Bleak-Hill, King-William, August 29. 8t
WILL be rented for the ensuing year, at Farmville, on Friday 22d September, TWO VALUABLE PLANTATIONS, adjacent to that village. Bizarre, capable of working eight or ten hands to advantage: and Buffalo, ten or twelve. Possession of the last will be immediately given if required: and immediate liberty to sow wheat at Bizarre, but the house and garden will be retained in possession of the owner until Christmas. At the same time will be sold a most valuable stock of Cattle, Sheep, &c. and some good household furniture. Conditions, twelve months credit: bond and approved security.
September 5. 3t
NOTICE. —The Copartnership of Nicolison and Heth having dissolved by mutual consent, on the 1st January last; they now request all those who have claims against the said concern, for transactions either at Manchester or Richmond, to call at the office of Nicolison, Heth and Co. for payment, and all those indebted to the said concern are most earnestly requested to discharge their respective balances: on or before the 15th October next. As after that period without discrimination their bonds and accounts will be put into the hands of an Attorney for collection.
ANDREW NICOLSON, HARRY HETH. September 5. 4w
FOR SALE. —A few hundred bushels Liverpool fine SALT, now afloat at Rocketts, which will be sold low if applied for immediately, before it is put into store.
EDWARD JOHNSON. Sept. 8. 2m
THE FAIRFIELD RACES.
WILL COMMENCE, on the first Monday in October, and continue four days.
FIRST DAY. —The Annual Post Sweep Stake five subscribers, $100 each, free for three years olds, only two mile heats.
2nd. The Jockey Club Purse of $400, four mile heats.
3rd. The Proprietor's Purse of $200, three mile heats, free for all ages.
4th. A Sweepstake is opened, for three years old colts and fillies, entrance $50—subscription to close on the evening of the first day's race.
The proprietor is unwilling to publish the names of the delinquent members of the old club, and therefore will withhold it until after the present meeting.
E. SMOCK. Proprietor and Treasurer F. J. Club.
A meeting of the Club is requested at the Eagle-Tavern, on the evening of the first day.
E. S. epr September 5.
LAND FOR SALE. —The subscriber offers for sale that valuable estate on which he formerly resided, lying on James River, near the Town of Warminster, in the County of Nelson, lately Amherst. This tract contains nearly two thousand acres. The low grounds are of the most valuable kind, and the highlands immediately adjacent thereto are very fertile and uncommonly level. It might be divided into two plantations to advantage, or continued in one, as might suit the owner. The houses are new and amply sufficient for the comfortable accommodation of a family. A more minute description is deemed unnecessary, as it is presumed the purchaser will view and judge for himself. The subscriber will only observe that the place is very healthy, lies in a fine neighborhood, and commands, perhaps, as many advantages as any other situation that is offered for sale in the state. One fourth of the purchase money will be required on the first of January, when possession will be given; and the balance will be divided into nine equal annual instalments, without any charge of interest if the principal be punctually paid—A large crop of small grain will be sown in good order, and the purchaser may be accommodated with corn &c. sufficient for a year's supply. Letters directed to Buckingham Courthouse, or to Warminster, would be soon received and attended to. In my absence, my brother Mr. Joseph C. Cabell will show the land to any person desirous to purchase.
WM. H. CABELL. September 1. tf
I WILL lease for three years, my PLANTATION, in Richmond county, containing seven hundred and fifty acres, lying on Rappahannock river, five miles below Hobbsville. The improvements are a commodious dwelling-house, out houses, &c. An apple orchard, containing six hundred bearing trees, and eighteen hundred peach trees.
Also, for sale, two hundred fourteen and three fourths acres of LAND, in Essex county, lying on Rappahannock river, six miles below Hobbsville, on which there is a comfortable dwelling & out houses. If the last mentioned tract of land is not sold before the first day of October, I will lease it for a term of years. For terms apply to the subscriber—For an advance in cash, as rent, a great bargain may be had.
PETER RUST. September 8. 3w
THOSE Commissioners of the Revenue, who have failed to return to this office, the list of Land Tax, and Taxable Property, for the year 1809, are requested to forward them as soon as possible, together with a list of licences granted to Merchants, to the first instant. A speedy compliance, will prevent the disagreeable necessity of proceeding against them for the fine imposed by law, for this failure.
SAMUEL SHEPARD, Auditor. Auditor's Office, Sept. 5. 2m
FALLING GARDEN LOTS FOR SALE. —The Subscriber intends offering for sale on the premises, at public Auction, to begin at 10 o'clock in the forenoon, on the 14th day of this present month, sundry valuable LOTS, situated in the Falling Garden, in the city of Richmond. The conditions will be one third Cash, or negotiable indorsed Notes, payable in the Bank of Virginia, with the discount of said notes added; one other third in one year, and the other third in two years from the day of sale.
The lots will be sold by the foot, measuring across the front, that each purchaser may have a lot of a size to suit himself; and to secure the two last payments, negotiable notes, with a deed of trust, will be required. At the same time and place, one or more Lots will be sold for cash.
JAMES LOWNES. 9th mo. 8. 2m
EUROPE.
BALTIMORE, September 5. VERY LATE AND IMPORTANT FROM EUROPE.
Last evening arrived at this port the brig Inca, Mezick, in 35 days from the island of Sylt, Denmark, which place he left on the 30th July. We have been favored with a file of Copenhagen papers down to the 15th July from which we shall give translations to-morrow.
Capt Mezick informs that he had read a French Bulletin giving an account of a very severe engagement between the Emperor Napoleon and the Archduke Charles. The French crossed the Danube on three bridges which were previously completed, and commenced the engagement on the 2d of July. The battle continued four days successively.
The Archduke Charles was badly wounded, and fled with 40,000 men into Bohemia, leaving 60,000 Austrians on the field of battle. The French stated their own loss to be comparatively trifling. On the 8th July, an armistice was concluded for four weeks, & Bonaparte was in possession of all the strong holds in Austria. It was not known where the Emperor of Austria was. The Russians
occupied a great part of Galicia, but had not formed a junction with the French.
A few English ships of war, with 300 troops on board, took possession of Coxhaven the same day the battle commenced between the French and Austrians, and as there were no French troops in the neighborhood, were still in possession, from whence they carried on a great smuggling trade with the continent.
The Danish government appear very friendly towards American vessels arriving in safety into Danish ports, but their privateers take every American vessel they come across, whether bound to Danish ports or not. Their privateersmen, in conjunction with corrupt judges, are complete pirates, over whom the government exercises very little control. These privateers, generally, mount from one to four guns, and with a small force are easily resisted.
Out of 100 American vessels, so called, arriving in Russia, 98 had been condemned.
The Inca sailed from this port immediately after the raising of the embargo, and arrived at Tonnigen the beginning of May, from whence she proceeded to Sylt. In consequence of raising the bays, only two Americans arrived safe at Tonnigen without getting ashore, and several were lost.
The evening before last, the British frigate L'Africaine, with Mr. Jackson on board, lying a little below the mouth of the Severn, hailed the Inca, to know if she was a privateer, and being answered in the negative, made no further enquiry.
American. BALTIMORE, Sept. 6.
FROM A GERMAN PAPER.
FROM THE DANUBE July 2.
They write from Vienna under date of June 29, that the French are making preparations to cross the river, so that a decisive battle is momentarily expected to take place.
FROM SAXONY, July 3. The Austrians are driven from Saxony, in which their whole disposable force never exceeded 6,000 men.
FROM OUR DANISH PAPERS.
Translated for the American. On the 28th June the embalmed body of the duke of Montebello, in a wagon, with six horses passed through Augsburg for Paris.
LEIPZE, July 2. Yesterday passed through this place in great speed, a Persian courier, from Russia to the head quarters of the French Emperor.
COPENHAGEN, July 15. On the 7th of July, 10 English vessels of war landed 400 men at Coxhaven and Ritz-zubel of which places they immediately took possession. It is said that the English have also landed some troops at Bremerheve. On the 11th of July, 18 English armed vessels were seen to lay off the mouth of the Elbe, apparently with troops on board. They have raised the fort of Ritzubel. The Duke of Brunswick, Ods, is still in Saxony.
FROM ELSINEUR.
Notwithstanding our anxious hopes, that American vessels with colonial produce, bona fide the property of American citizens, would be suffered to trade with us unmolested, which hopes were so strongly manifested that several American vessels have already entered our ports; it appears however that we have been deceived. American trade at this moment is entirely at an end. No body doubts that colonial produce of the first necessity, belonging to neutrals, would have been freely received in our harbors, & would have brought a good price, as the state of the market proves; it could be wished that American vessels, laden with colonial produce, the property of American citizens, and coming direct from America, would be permitted to visit our ports.
Immediately after the embargo in America was taken off, we were told through an English channel that 150 vessels were ready with their cargoes to sail from different ports of the U. States bound to the Baltic. We soon after saw several vessels pass, bearing the U. States' colours, part of them under English convoy, and part otherwise, the latter were brought by our privateers into different ports of Denmark and Norway. Six vessels bearing the American flag, have been carried in: we have seen no more of them for these four weeks past. This quick termination of the arrivals of American vessels is easily comprehended. We entertain no doubt that these pretended American vessels are nearly connected with the rulers of the Sea,

Opposed to this statement is the letter of which we have been politely furnished with the following extract by a respectable merchant of this city. Had an armistice taken place on the 8th July in consequence of previous battles, commencing on the 2d, it is impossible that they should be regarded at Hamburg on the 21st as mere rumors and reports .
We have also learnt, that reports were circulated previous to the Inca's departure, which reversed the whole affair, and gave a signal victory to Austria.
To the account of the defeat of the Archduke is equally and strongly opposed the silence of a regular file of Copenhagen papers to the 15th July, received by the editor of the American; though sufficient time had elapsed for so great an event being known at that capital. North American .
[TRANSLATED.] Extract of a letter from Mr. L. H. Von Hollen, dated
HAMBURGH, JULY 21, 1809. "It is reported here, that an English expedition is destined for this part of the continent. If this should be the case, and the Elbe should be open, American vessels might then proceed direct to Hamburg, otherwise they must go to Tonning. There are French Custom House Officers on the Weser, Jalade & at East Friesland. What steps the Dutch government will take respecting American vessels is not yet determined. To-day all these prospects seem to be vanished. It is reported that the Austrians, after having been defeated, were compelled to sign an armistice very disadvantageous to them, and it is said, that French troops are marching towards the coast, in order to prevent the British from carrying on a trade."
"In consequence of these reports, the price of American and West-India produce have risen considerably. A trade to Tonning might, notwithstanding, be carried on: and I advise you to do so, provided the British do not prevent you from it."
[COMMUNICATED.] A few additional circumstances may be added to the imperfect accounts already published, concerning the late great battle on the Danube.
Mr. Henry Freundt, a passenger in the brig Inca, says, that about the 24th of July, the French ambassador at Hamburg communicated the event to the senate of that city, which was immediately published in French and German, in alternate pages—which he read in the Island of Sylt; that he also saw the details in the Danish papers, which were lengthy; that on the French side, no Generals of note were killed, but on the Austrian, several fell, whose names he cannot recollect; that previous to the battle, three bridges, of an extraordinary kind, were constructed, and rapidly finished by sailors from Boulogne; & the Archduke's retreat at the head of 40,000 men, was permitted in consequence of delivering various strong holds on the Danube; but he has no recollection of seeing, in the accounts that were published, that Prince Charles was wounded. The Eutaw was to sail two days after the Inca; and he has no doubt of all the details, which are very lengthy, being received by her. These battles were fought near the ground on which those of the 21st and 22d of May were fought—the Archduke having fortified his camp in the strongest manner. East. Whig, Sept. 7.
BALTIMORE, Sept. 7. We are informed, that the destructive battle of the 2d to the 6th July was fought nearly on the same ground as the sanguinary conflict of the 21st and 22d May. That the archduke Charles had constructed numerous batteries to cover all the approaches to the position of his army; that on each successive day of the battle more and more of the batteries fell into the hands of the French, until, at last, the archduke, having his army reduced to 40,000 men, proposed an armistice, and retire, which was granted, upon his giving up the various important posts on the Danube. Our informant adds that the Senate of Hamburg were furnished with the details of the bloody contest on the 24th of July, who caused them to be published in alternate columns in French and German. That the bridges thrown over the Danube were constructed in a few days by the seamen from Boulogne; that several Austrian officers of note fell and none of celebrity among the French, and that although the details of this engagement were published at Berlin by the French Ambassador, yet the Austrian minister was silent on the subject, which was not the case with him, after the battle of the 21st and 22d May. The gentleman who gave this information is not a little displeased at those federal editors who have attempted to render his veracity questionable. American .
NEWS EXPECTED. —The Eutaw, left by the Inca, from Tonning, is in the river. As the Eutaw sailed several days after the Inca, we shall this afternoon learn some further particulars, relative to the second battle on the Danube. [She arrived at five o'clock: Confirms the news of the Austrians' defeat.] Rich. Gaz.
BOSTON, September 1. Since our last, we have been favored with Valencia papers to June 50; from which the following articles are translated:
VALENCIA, June 30. The Junta of observation and defence of Molina in Arragon, has communicated to our Superior Provincial Junta, under date of the 27th current, among other information, the following:
"Our battalion, with two cannon and a few cavalry, set off for the great road of Madrid, to obstruct excursions of the enemy's soldiers from Gandalaxara, made for the purpose of plundering the people of the vicinity. This movement of our troops has already produced the most happy effects. The people of the territory of Siguenza, and Providence of Guadalaxara, who had been degraded by the tyrannical domination of the French, have risen and refused obedience to the orders of the French governor; his written orders has been publicly burnt in the market at Siguenza, by the city crier. A portion of our armed countrymen have proceeded to Rio Frio, and have already taken 52 carriages, loaded with wool, proceeding to France. Our battalion is encouraging the insurrection which increases among the neighboring peasantry, and will soon be such, as no power of the troops of the tyrant of France can subdue."
Since the battle of Belchite, [near Sarragossa, at which Blake was defeated, June 18,] a few deserters from the French have joined us, and some have also entered Geronona. The brave Soultenees continue to intercept the enemy's convoys and destroy their discipline, or rather their habits, are
artillery and mortars are constantly employed to defend the place.
Gen. Venegas has established his headquarters at Manzanares. The army of Estremadura is numerous, well disciplined and has excellent cavalry. The army of La Mancha is not so numerous. The army of reserve consists of the Portuguese and English. It is reported, that Venegas intends to attempt to penetrate to Aranjuez.
TARRAGONA, June 22. By various accounts, from the detachments of armed peasantry and soldiers from Figueras and Ampurdan, we learn, that on the 5th, 6th and 7th inst. between St. Lorenzo de la Muga and Darnius, a corps of the enemy was attacked, and one hundred men killed—and our loss was one killed and three wounded. In other attacks, the enemy lost 110. A convoy of waggons, from Figueras to Gerona, with ammunition for the French enemy, was attacked, and six of the waggons taken. On the 10, 20 French waggons were taken, and 20 prisoners made—4 French soldiers were killed.
MANRESA, June 20. The French continue the siege of Gerona, and the inhabitants defend it bravely. A successful sortie was made on the 8th, in which 200 were killed and as many wounded.
From Bell's (London) Messenger
CAUSES OF THE MISFORTUNE OF THE AUSTRIANS.
The disasters of the Austrians have happened so unexpectedly, and so completely, that an opinion is generally prevalent, that they could not have happened fairly; that the enemy has availed himself of his usual weapon, and triumphed more by corruption than by arms. There are certain reasons so efficient and always so ready, that they are uniformly brought forward in cases of difficulty. If a king dies in the exact nick of time for the fortunes of his successor, he is always said to have been poisoned. If an army be defeated contrary to expectation, the assigned cause is treachery, procured by corruption. There certainly cannot be a doubt that both treachery and poison have been occasionally employed, for these and similar purposes; for fortunately for human nature, these must still be considered as unnatural and extraordinary expedients, and therefore should never be imputed without the strongest positive or presumptive evidence. No one will pretend that there can be any thing of positive evidence in the corruption and consequent treachery now alleged. And as to presumptive evidence; where the ordinary causes are sufficient, it is surely unnecessary to have recourse to such as are extraordinary. It is in reasoning as in poetry, he is an inferior dramatist, who can only resolve his catastrophe by the bowl and the dagger. He is a narrow logician, who in all cases has no arguments but treachery and corruption.
The defeat of the Austrians has been occasioned by those causes, which in the conflict of armies always determine the event. War is strictly a game of skill, in which those are certain of victory who possess the greater portion of that quality which commands it. The Austrians have been defeated by the French from the very simple reason, that the French were their superiors in military skill—that the French military system was superior to that of the Austrians, and that the French officers and French soldiers have discharged their duties in a more masterly manner than the Austrians.
It is still within the memory of many, when even the naval battles of England, though constantly in our favor, were almost always fruitless. The enemy escaped as almost uninjured—and a barren victory, a mere laurel, was the only result of our general engagements. At that period however, our seamen and our officers were as brave as they are at present. Whence then originated the difference between the results of our victories in the period of which we are speaking at present? Simply in one point—we had a bad system. Lord Rodney was the first, who being in circumstances which required peculiar efforts, entirely departed from the ancient system, and substituted one of his own. According to the ancient system, ship engaged ship, and each tried to get to the lee of the other. According to Lord Rodney's system, the English fleet formed into one strong line, and then bore down upon the enemy so as to break and divide his line; in which case they directed the main efforts of the whole fleet to destroy one of the divisions of the enemy so separated, and contented themselves with keeping the others in check, till having destroyed the one, they had leisure to attend to the remainder. Since the days of Rodney, this has been the common system of the English admirals, & it has always been attended with the same success. Instead of a mere barren glory, a victory now is nothing, unless the fruit of it have been the capture and destruction of nearly a whole fleet.
It is the same with the French military as with the English naval system. The system of Bonaparte is founded upon precisely the same principles. In description nothing can be more simple. Its characteristic point is obvious to every one. It consists in compressing and compacting all his strength in one point or part, and having thus formed a kind of wedge, driving it through some certain part of the enemy. For example, if he drew up his army in three bodies or divisions, he will throw all his strength into the centre, leaving only such a strength in his wings, as may enable them to keep the enemy at bay. With his centre thus constituted, he will fall upon the weakest part of his enemy's line, and by dint of mass and numbers, he is sure to penetrate and break it. The very circumstance of having their line broken throws them into confusion, and gives moreover an advantage in point of position which is almost certain of being decisive. The broken part being routed, the French centre, under this hypothesis, is in the rear of the remaining part of their enemy's line, whilst in the mean time the French wings are attacking them in front. Such a position as this almost necessarily decides the fate of the day.
The Austrians, moreover, are peculiarly unfitted to have any chance of opposing an attack of this nature. The weak part of their line is necessarily broken and dissipated by the superior mass of the French. But according to the habits of an Austrian soldier, resulting no doubt from a defective discipline, when an Austrian division is once routed, once dissipated, they never can rally—they never can re-assemble in the same day upon the same field. They will fight bravely as a body, and they will continue to fight bravely, even when broken into individuals; they will be cut to pieces, but they will not form again. The French on the other hand, will separate and re-assemble a score of times in a minute, and therefore, even by this part of their discipline, or rather their habits, are
necessarily an overmatch for the Austrians. This, therefore, is another point of the superiority of the French system, that the French by their versatility are seldom so routed, but what they can re-assemble, whilst the Austrians, once broken, are like glass, no art can put them together without a new creative process. This peculiar system of the Austrian army renders it equally incompetent to pursue any advantage. In a word, any thing which dissolves the mass, which breaks that compactness, which constitutes the strength of the Austrian army, annihilates its power. On the defensive, and whilst they remain in a mass, and on a point, the Austrian army is the best in the Universe. But its strength is when it begins to move. When its ranks open, whether in advance or pursuit, the advantage is necessarily on the side of those who are most flexible. The French fight on the principle of the Macedonian phalanx, & retreat on the principle of the Parthians. By the union of these two principles, compactness in a retreat, the French have an invincible superiority over the Austrians, and as long as their relative systems shall remain the same, so long will the events of every campaign, if not of every battle, be uniform.
The French bulletins give an account of the battles, which so exactly corresponds with these principles, that we conceive it unnecessary to say any thing as to their immediate application. The French, confident in their superiority, make no disguise; they doubtless exaggerate in the most extreme degree, but with due allowances for such exaggeration, their accounts may be depended upon. They are incomparably superior to the meagre narratives which are ordinarily given in the German papers. Let any one, for example, compare the French bulletins and the Prague Gazettes, and then decide on the superiority.
A circumstance has been stated, which may possibly have operated not a little to produce the disaster, which has befallen the army of the Emperor Francis. Napoleon carried with him into Germany a very large sum of money, (about two millions sterling, mostly in Napoleons,) with the intention of applying it to the purposes of corruption in the Austrian army. Past experience gives us no reason to doubt the fact; and we are sorry to add, that the same experience furnishes us with abundant reason to dread the efficacy of such an engine. The misfortune is, that a similar weapon cannot be wielded with equal efficacy against the aggressor; for Generals who hope to receive crowns and kingdoms, as the reward of their attachment to their chief, may take bribes, but will not betray their masters.
THE BATTLE OF THE DANUBE.
We have given the whole volume of details published in the London Gazette, commemorating that little Peterkin has it—
A glorious victory. The battle of Esling; being the fourth official account of the same battle, and which in the genuine spirit of authorship, furnished in every edition, "corrections, additions, and alterations."
The London Gazette account has the great merit of illustrating by detail, instead of the stiff laconic style of the French bulletins, which leave too much room for the exercise of judgment, by offering only bold outlines and naked results; whereas the movement of a single column of the army, of the "first captain of the age," occupies more space than a dozen bulletins, containing all that is said about such affairs as the battles of Austerlitz or Jena .
Moreover, we are taught by the London Gazette, to transfer the glory of forming this plan of battle to the baron Wimpfen , a disciple of the French school! This is treating the first captain of the age and the last hope of the house of Lorraine, rather scurvily; it is making a very duke of York of him, by putting him in leading strings, and in French leading strings too.
Who is baron Wimpfen ? If the curious reader will refresh his memory by recurring to the first stages of the French revolution, he will find baron Wimpfen ; it will be found that he commanded the small, but strong and important fortress of Thionville in 1792, at the head of a select band of French militia and artillery; that he was summoned by the Austrian general to surrender, and that his reply is recorded for its singularity and brevity, in the annals of that eventful epoch—a wooden horse was exhibited on the ramparts, and a truss of hay before it, the written answer was—"when that horse eats his hay Thionville surrenders." Wimpfen with his Frenchmen, retained his little fortress, and during the whole campaign kept in check a force of 23,000 men, and by several successful sallies, harassed the Austrians, & at the close of the campaign, general Wimpfen obtained all the honors and distinctions which were in fashion among the French at that period.
But the history of baron Wimpfen does not close upon us here, there is another anecdote, in which he became not less distinguished but in a different way.
By some means the Sans culottes felt an inclination to remove Wimpfen to Normandy, Kellermann (now duke of Valmy) commanded the military district which comprehended Thionville; but he was not inclined to go to Normandy; the following is an extract of his letter to the war committee, over which Car-not presided:
"I have need of repose; I am no longer capable of acting, but for some great object—for example, to prove to the Grand Seignor and all the Turks, that it is in his interest to form an alliance with us and Prussia."
"I do not pretend to be an Alexander, but let him give me the command of his sans culottes against Russia and the emperor of Germany, and if I do not accomplish my end, may the devil run away with me!" "As many good church going people may be inclined to believe, that the chief of the staff of the first captain of the age was a leader of sans culottes , and so very ready to make a wager of battle with Belphégor; we refer them for the whole letter to a British publication, called the Political state of Europe, vol. II. p. 725. 726."
Wimpfen afterwards served under the brave, unfortunate & sacrificed Custine, who attributed his fate to an officer sold to the enemy, but who is not named, and somehow Wimpfen was taken prisoner; he was afterwards exchanged, and received an appointment in Normandy; whence he was ordered to Paris in June 1793; but significantly intimated that he could not conveniently go without carrying 60,000 men with him. At this period he was at the head of what was called the army of Calvados, a germ of insurrection fostered by the coalesced powers.
Every one has heard of the insurrection organized in La Vendee, and the expedition to Quiberon, contrived by the celebrated Mr. Windham , in which so many gallant emigrants were killed off ; and the name of Puisaye , who is now on the Canada side of our frontiers, was very conspicuous. So was that of Wimpfen , both at that time on the jacobin convention side.
Wimpfen was ordered to attack the town of Vernon, with a body of national guards, and while on his duty, he introduced Puisaye to the well known Louvet , then commissioner of the convention with that army. The flight of the national guards from Caen, after being deserted by their commanding officer, exposed Wimpfen to suspicion; and these were soon realised; for he called a conference with the deputies then proscribed and after playing off some tricks of terror, told them—"To be plain, we must negotiate with England, & I myself have the means provided, but I must have your authority, your engagement." The convention sent an army against him, to whom he addressed the following letter:
"Gen. Wimpfen , to the General of the Parisian army, greeting. If you want civil war advance—if not, do not set your foot in the department of Calvados. I wanted to avert many misfortunes, but soon shall an explanation take place."
The deputies, known by the name of Girondists , saw too plainly that Wimpfen was sold to England; they dissembled, in order to escape, and denounced Wimpfen and Puisaye to the people; Wimpfen and Puisaye made their escape to England. Baron Wimpfen , is the countryman of marshals Kellermann , Lefebvre , Kleber , and others, that is, of the old French Province of Alsace; he was a Colonel of dragoons, under the French monarchy, and was suspected of being attached to the exiles. It was declared at the bar of the convention, in February, 1793, by a Jew, who had been seized in carrying secret correspondence, that he had been engaged by Wimpfen to tell the Austrian General, that it was too late in the season to deliver up Thionville with any advantage to the combined powers. This General's name is Feliz , and is not to be confounded with his father, who is dead, Baron Francis Wimpfen , General of division, author of a very useful military tract, called the "Experienced Officer."
Till we see a sans culotte General, another Arnold , the pensioner of England, chief of the staff and prime mover of the armies, commanded by the first military Captain of the age. We have been thus particular concerning Wimpfen , merely on account of the extraordinary changes and vicissitudes of events, which places the destinies of Europe in the hands of two Frenchmen, children of the French Revolution. Aurora .
NEW-YORK, Sept. 4. On Saturday arrived at this port the ship Vermont , Captain Nicoll , from Rotterdam. The ship Huntress , Foster , for Boston, sailed in company, laden with about 300 pipes of gin. The Vermont left Rotterdam on the 6th of July, and brings no news. She came through the British channel, but was not boarded by any vessel of war, though she fell in with several.
On Saturday last was launched at the yard of James Bennett , Corlear's Hook point, the largest Copper Boiler ever made in America, intended for Steam Boat Carr of Neptune , belonging to Robert Fulton , Esq. The boiler was made by James Bennett , Copper-Smith , of N. York. Merc. Adv.
NEW-YORK, Sept. 5. We learn verbally from a gentleman, passenger in a vessel arrived off Sandy Hook , from a port in Ireland, whence she sailed about the 23d of July, that the Grand Expedition sailed from England on the 17th of July; that there was a general embargo in England; the Russian and French armies had formed a junction; and negotiations for a peace were said to be in a train of forwardness between France and Austria. Mer. Adv.
DOMESTIC.
AMERICAN PRISONERS IN FRANCE.
It appears from a paper published at New York, and of which we published a copy some weeks ago, that there were detained according to the paper published, "as prisoners of war in France," a number of American seamen. The publication is made upon the authority of Mr. Barnard , American consul at Havre. That the fact is so, is beyond doubt; that the persons named are or were there is unquestionable; and upon the presumption that they were imprisoned without legal or just cause, without any offence committed by them, but taken through mere enmity or wickedness, the offence would cry to Heaven.
We cannot but remark, however, that although the catalogue of American Seamen, impressed on board British ships of war, would make a small volume, and it occupies some hundred folio sheets in the department of state, we never see a word published about it in a certain description of prints;—the Gazette United States is silent as the grave; the New York Evening Post is as dumb as it is totally ignorant of the fact; even the piety of parson Zachary , has no compunctions visitings on this part of the subject; and that galaxy of iniquity, the quartetto of Boston Newspapers  Palladium and Gazette , Centinel and Repertory appear as innocent (if silence be innocence) of all knowledge on the subject.
The number of Americans impressed into the British navy have this disadvantage, that their number is so great, and the casualties of death in bondage or in battle so frequent, that there can be no uniform ascertainment of the exact number. Of those detained in France (however they came there) we have not only the names and other particulars, but we find them not on board ships of war fighting French battles, but the very places at which they are detained are mentioned. Thus we find that there are the following places:
 At Arras, 19 white men  2 blacks  Valenciennes, 12 white men  Sarre Libre, 2  Verdun, 1  Givet, 1  St. Quentin, 1  Arras, 17  Total—55 
Mr. Barnard describes these persons as being detained as French prisoners. The 1st at Arras are described as being taken on board the memorable fleet, which was captured into Charente, who reported themselves as
as coming from Bergen in Norway, but which it was found had come from London and sailed with forged papers.
The person prisoner at St. Quentin, it appears is a ropemaker and his imprisonment is employment at a ropewalk established there by an American.
As to the rest, all we are told is, that the American consul has very humanely bestowed on them some pecuniary aid. Here there are then 56 of them, detained in France—We shall the first convenient day, furnish as perfect a list as possible, from the documents laid before congress on this subject; and as the British ambassador, Mr. Jackson is expected hourly, those who are desirous of rescuing American citizens from their chains can present the article to his view, and recommend to him by way of satisfying America, that if his government has the least disposition to do us justice, to have the citizens of America released, and the more particularly as those held by England, are not charged with carrying forged papers, nor violating the laws of England.
The American prisoners confined in France, of whom we now and then hear some deplorable story, are of two descriptions.
1st. A part of the crews of ten or twelve American vessels, who to escape the embargo remained in Europe, and lent themselves to some English merchants to carry on a trade in brandies from Charente.
This connection being suspected, the crews were arrested and examined, and several of them confessed that they were in British employment, and had come directly from an English port under English licenses; their first declaration (that they came from Bergen) being thus established by their own confession to have been false, they are now suffering the penalty annexed by the law to their offence—viz fine and imprisonment. These are the men who compare themselves to Algerine captives and talk of the ransom imposed upon them by the French government. As well might a fellow be caught picking pockets, and sentenced by our courts to fine & imprisonment, complain of the law of nations, and talk of the ransom demanded from him by the government of the United States.
The 2d description of American prisoners confined in France, are seamen found on board of British vessels, when captured by the French; several of those are commanders of British ships, who, by hook or by crook have got American protections in their pockets—and who, to add their convenience in using them, have taken different names at different times and places. Nearly one hundred persons coming under this general class were released by the Emperor the last summer, on gen. Armstrong's mediation, several of whom have been already retaken on board of British ships.
This, and many similar facts, have lessened the confidence of the French government, in the protections given to seamen by our custom houses. Indeed it is well known that protections and every other species of American papers, are forged in London, and may be bought according to the kind, for from half a guinea or less, to five or ten guineas. After all, there are not above thirty of the last description; and of real Americans, either taken or held as Americans, there is not one in the French Empire. They do not impress our seamen nor do they employ them on board their ships of war. They are not compelled to fight battles in which they have no interest nor concern.
The question of impressment must now be speedily brought to an issue. It is very probable that out of 1200 sail of American ships now in the European seas, not 600 will ever return, and that if the other moiety escape, it will be with the loss of half their crews. Aurora .
NORFOLK, Sept. 1. People of America—Attend to the following extract of a letter from a gentleman in Boston to his friend in this place, stating an outrage, that saving the affair of the Chesapeake, is the most violent and atrocious of any the American flag has been subjected to.
"The ship Eliza , Captain Farley , arrived at this port on Saturday last; every piece of intelligence brought by him, as it respects foreign affairs, has been very generally published, except that in which this nation is more particularly interested; I mean the fact of the American flag's being taken down on the fourth of July last from the mast heads of every ship in the harbor of Liverpool, by the inhabitants of that place; some of them burnt, others torn in pieces, & then trampled under foot, besides the outrage committed on their hulls and their rigging."
"I have every reason to believe, it was never intended that these facts should meet the public eye."
"If necessary, they can be attested by the most respectable men."
"We sincerely hope that our rulers will not temporise longer, but come to some decision that may place the interest and the honor of the nation above, at least, the contempt of the world."
[The preceding communication was handed us for publication, which we most readily give, in the hope that it will lead to an investigation of the subject to which it alludes. We rely on our friends in Boston enquire into this affair, as one interesting to the feelings of every American, and that through their papers, they will communicate the information they may acquire; we should have suspected such an outrage less in Liverpool than any part of England, for in that port the Americans have acquired influence and are more respected than in any port in G. Britain. Pub. Led.
PAUL, LATE EMPEROR OF RUSSIA.
It is a notorious fact that the emperor of Russia, Paul the first, father of the present emperor Alexander, was murdered in the beginning of April, 1801, by some of the first nobility in Russia, among whom Prince Sobora acted the most conspicuous part. Having bribed the guards, they rushed one morning into the Emperor's room, where he was sitting at his table in the act of writing, and after having inflicted several wounds with their daggers, took off the scarf from his waist and strangled him with it. But who supplied the money by which such eminent persons as the conspirators could be induced to perpetrate such an atrocious act? A gentleman, who at that time was in London, has furnished us with the following account of it:
"The alliance between France and the Czar and the embargo laid on all English ships in Russia, in the month of November, 1800, had carried the uneasiness in England to such a height, that even Mr. Pitt was obliged to yield to the general impression, and to retire from office in the month of March, 1801. But previous to his resigna-

you, he and Mr. DUNBAR, now Lord M... caused by their agents at Lloyd's Coffee-house, to open a POLICE OF INSURANCE ON THE LIFE OF THE EMPEROR PAUL, to forfeit 50 guineas, which were paid down, if the Emperor died before the 1st of May, and to receive one hundred guineas if he was alive at that time. Every man in England anticipated the purpose of that scheme, and as they were all interested in the death of the Emperor Paul, the subscription amounted, in a few weeks, to one million of guineas. The gentleman above mentioned, out of mere curiosity to see how far the English ministry could carry their infamy, took himself a quarter share in 50 guineas, paid down by one of his friends, for which he received a check of one hundred guineas, payable if the Emperor Paul was alive until the 10th of May. But early in April he was assassinated. It was generally believed in England, that this infamous act cost the English ministry two millions of guineas, one million was raised in the way stated above—how they got the other million, is easily explained by recollecting that the EXTRAORDINARY EXPENCES of the war, closing in the year 1801, amounted to sixteen millions of pounds sterling, which were granted by the Parliament in 1802, on the motion of Mr. ADDINGTON, the then prime minister, who was merely the tool of Mr. Pitt....N. Y. Pub. Adv.
From the New Bedford Mercury. Since our last, Mr. Charles Gilbert, mate of the brig Lucy, (taken by a French privateer, and afterwards retaken by the English brig Scorpion,) arrived in this town, and informs us, that he, together with the other four men taken from the Lucy, were carried to Bassetterre, which place they reached on the 19th July. The captain of the privateer conducted them to the Commandant of the Island, for the purpose, as Mr. Gilbert supposed, of obtaining for them a pass to leave the Island; but instead of obtaining one, their names were all immediately registered and themselves ordered to prison. On the 23d by the kindly interference of an American gentleman, they were allowed the privilege of a trial. By this trial they were fairly acquitted, and one would suppose would have been released, and suffered to return home. But they were strictly commanded not to leave the place. Mr. Gilbert after several unsuccessful attempts, at last succeeded in getting on board a vessel bound to St. Bartholomew; from which place he took passage in the schooner Enterprize, for New York.
While Mr. Gilbert remained at St. Bartholomew, two of the seamen taken from the Lucy, viz. Dean Lake, and Barnabas Coombs, arrived there, but were unable to obtain a passage for the United States. Ira Hoskins, & Abel Demus still remained at Bassetterre. While in prison, their allowance was the scanty pittance of five ounces of the very worst kind of meat, and not unfrequently little else but the bones of a hog's head. The residue of their allowance was only seven ounces bread. There were in prison about 250 persons, among whom were about fifteen native Americans. Among this number were women and children, who were treated, Mr. Gilbert informs us, in the most shameful and brutal manner possible.
Extract of a letter to a merchant in this place, dated Kingston, (Jam.) Aug. 2.
"The American brig Constellation, capt. Thomas, from Beaufort, North Carolina, loaded with lumber and provisions, after entering this harbor has been seized and detained by his Majesty's ship Pohenhemus, for having pickled fish on board. This seizure has been made under the orders in Council of 12th April last, to which I refer you, and by which you will perceive that "staves & lumber, horses, mules, asses, neat cattle, sheep, hogs, and every other species of live stock and live provisions (beef, pork and butter excepted) are allowed to be imported and exported into and from the British West India Islands and Colonies in South America, for 12 months from the foregoing date, which are of the growth or produce of the country to which the vessel importing the same shall belong" &c. "but nothing herein contained shall be construed to permit after the first November, 1809, the foregoing articles to be imported into the said Islands, Colonies, &c. in vessels in which there does not exist at the time of importing the same a tonnage duty of at least 5s. sterling per ton. Nor after the first of July, 1810, on which there does not exist at the time of importing the same a duty of at least 1s. sterling per quintal on dried or salted cod or ling fish, cured or salted, & a proportionate duty per barrel on cured or pickled shads, alewives, mackerel or salmon, besides the tonnage duty on the vessel as aforesaid." Now there does exist here a duty laid on in April last by the assembly of this Island, of more than 5 shillings sterling per ton on the vessel importing the same, and it is presumed she will be cleared on that score, although objected to by the captor as being only an Island Duty, and not originating at home; the case has been submitted (as all cases of capture or detention are) to the attorney general, and he has ordered her for trial; but I am informed that the agents for the captors, as well as the collector, are of opinion to withdraw; this will be ascertained to-day or to-morrow, and when I learn the issue will inform you. This law, I fear, will operate on Americans, bound to Islands or Colonies, where no such duties exist; and expose them to ruin in the most innocent pursuits. This being a novel case, and of vast importance to the American trade in particular, I am anxious that my countrymen should be apprized of the same as soon as possible for their better government."
BALTIMORE, Sept. 7. Mr. Jackson with his family, are still at Annapolis. It is said he will leave it for Washington to-morrow or the next day. Thirteen men have already deserted from the frigate....E. Post.
TAPPANHANNOCK, Sept. 9, 1809. Arrived at this port the ship Acteon, capt. Grant, five days from New York—on the 7th, he spoke a Pilot in the Bay, who had just left an armed Brig of, and bound to Baltimore (the brig was then in sight) from Germany, 31 days passage: The capt. of the brig told the Pilot that the French and Austrians had made peace.
The above was transmitted to us by a friend from Tappahannock. It is possible, that the brig mentioned is the Eutau from the Sylt, whose arrival at Baltimore is announced in this paper. The Eutau brings a confirmation of the Austrian defeat. Particulars will probably reach us by this morning's mail.
We understand by a gentleman, who was in Charlottesville some days past, that Messrs. Madison, Gallatin and Mitchell were then at Monticello. Mr. G. has since returned to Washington.
NORFOLK, Sept. 8. The British frigate Africaine, anchored in Hampton Roads this morning, returned from Annapolis.
This morning arrived in Hampton Roads the Swedish sloop Robert, Stocking, 26 days from Jamaica, having on board Mons. Fabure, late commissary of marine at St. Domingo, & thirteen other French officers....Ledger.
Capt. Biddle of the United States' Dragons, and lately acting as aid to Gen. Wilkinson, has resigned!....Phil. Gaz.
A letter to the Editor of the Baltimore Evening Post.
"The l'Africaine arrived off our harbor about 3 o'clock—Mr. Jackson, &c. on board. A long boat has been sent on shore with Mr. Jackson's steward and servant, to engage a vessel to carry his luggage to the city. A midshipman was left on the wharf to guard the sailors—as he walked to and fro, a couple of them seized a favorable opportunity, jumped ashore and made their escape, no one attempting to stop them. I saw on board the long boat, files of the FEDERAL REPUBLICAN and NORTH AMERICAN! Annapolis, Sept. 4, 1809."
The ship Resource, Capt. Nicholas, sailed from the Eastern Branch yesterday, with naval stores for Algiers.
WASHINGTON, Sept. 6. The SECRETARY OF STATE and the SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY have returned to the city.
Mr. ERSKINE, the British minister, arrived here on Monday morning.
GEORGETOWN, (Col.) Sept. 9. Mr. Jackson—This gentleman arrived in town last evening, and took up his lodgings at Mr. Crawford's Union Hotel.
THE ENQUIRER.
RICHMOND, SEPTEMBER 12, 1809.
A DIALOGUE.
"To shoot the Follies living, as they rise." Avast there my lad! Who's there? Jack, why? what d'ye want? No harm, comrade!—only I wish to know, where you are bound to with that cursed sun-burnt face of yours?
Bound? why where do you think?—Avast with your suspicions, Jack! An honest Tar need never be ashamed of his course!—I am bound, d'ye see to Boston!
To Boston?—Come, come, Comrade—none of your guzzins, and I'll have none of my suspicions!—To Boston with all that heap of tobacco, and stripped leafed tobacco too! You are really carrying your pigs to a fine market! Come, come, none of your tricks upon travellers!
Well, well, to be honest with you, since you are too shrewd a knave, to be made a dupe of, I'll whisper in your ear—just remember mum, not a word, or else I'll give you the rope's end.
Well! Well, then! We shall clear out for Boston—but mum, we are off for the British dominions!
But where's the collector's clearance? Clearance?—Why, dan'm, you know, I suppose, that it is more than the Collector's place is worth?—that the President's Proclamation has restored our Non-Intercourse with Old England?
But where's your coasting-bond? Faugh!—The penalty is not more than a few hundred dollars! But I happen to have the very Non-Intercourse law in my pocket, which was passed on the 25th of last June.—Are there no new penalties imposed by that, for this evasion of the laws of your country?—Let's see: The 3d section declares, sir, that "if any ship or vessel shall, contrary to the provisions of this section, depart from any port of the U. States, without clearance, or without having given bond in the manner above mentioned, such ship or vessel, together with her cargo, shall be wholly forfeited."
Cargo! Why, how is the collector to lay hold of it, when it is, may hap, in the King's ware-houses in London?—And as to "ship or vessel," arrah, my lad, d'ye think we are such fools, as to bring my bulk back to the U. States, until the foul wind is a little blown over?
Why, what will ye do with her? Why, for want of something better, we'll sell her to the English merchants. You've seen, that 98, out of 100 American vessels, so called, have just been condemned in Russia—now, are you such an arrant blockhead, as not to know, that some of these were American hulks, sold to the English, and many of them English bottoms with counterfeit American papers and flag?
But suppose you cannot sell to advantage? Why, then, dan'm, we will carry for the English; We'll carry their merchandise, where their flag dares not show its face?—Sure, Jack, in spite of that prim, puritanical phiz of yours, you have done such things yourself!
Never, Sir.—I should scorn to prostitute the flag of my dear country to such a smuggling adventure as that. But I must confess, that I have heard of a few such cases. Lightnings blast the piratical and smuggling tribe, that would thus soil the flag of the U. States!
Well, well, Jack, we shan't quarrel about that! I love my country—and dam'me I venerate her flag!
And yet would prostitute the object of your veneration! Why, d'ye see, comrade, this British Gold is so much like—slush—so smooth, so oily, so curs'd insinuating, that for the life of me my conscience can't stand upon her legs!—But what do these fellows, these derriere merchants of Great Britain deserve who minister the dose?
The execration of the world! Ah, Jack! Mark 'ye, how curs'd consistent—as the land-lubbers call it—these Tyburn dogs are!—They tell the Merchants of the U. S. that they shall not carry on a trade with the colonies of France, lest they should protect French property under our flag—and yet these are the very chaps, to use or counterfeit our flag, to smuggle British property into their enemies' ports. What's more—they have now declared almost all the ports of the continent and the colonies of France, under what they nickname a state of blockade—that is, they say, they'll take us, if we go there—and
yet mark the cunning dogs; they take out his Majesty's license to screen them against his enemies, and clapping on board a counterfeit or perhaps a real American flag, they carry on that trade, as smugglers, for themselves, which they interdict to us, fair and neutral traders—you've heard of Mr. Wilson of London.
Not exactly. What of him?—Why—he was the Chairman of the late famous meeting of the 160 Merchants of London, who on the 26th May remonstrated against the proposed concessions of their ministry to shippers from the U. States, "who embarked their property?" I think was the lingo of the newspapers, "in the confidence of the late arrangement with Mr. Erskine."
This man, as the same papers tell us, is of the firm of Wilson & Agassie, of Bordeaux. Now, Jack, this very man, during the last year, chartered a vessel to the island of Martinique, armed with every sort of paper and clearance, against British and French cruisers—clearance papers from Bordeaux to Martinique, to show that it was French property—clearances from Martinique to New York and Bordeaux—and his Majesty's license, put up in some snug corner for the inspection of his cruisers. Well, Jack, when this vessel got off Martinique, the island was then under blockade—his majesty's officers at first refused to let her go in—but the sight of the passport did away every scruple!—So that, d'ye see, you needn't ask me, what I am going to do with my vessel, since I can't bring her back to the U. States.
Well, but read the law farther.—Besides the forfeiture of vessel and cargo, "the owner or owners, agent, freighters or factors, master or commander of such ship or vessel, shall moreover severally forfeit and pay a sum equal to the value of the ship or vessel, and of the cargo put on board the same."
Mum—suppose the owner keeps behind the curtain, and puts forward agent, freighter, or factors, who are not worth a sous—what then? The government may go, and whistle for its dues. Your humble servant is just of that kidney.
Beware, Sir, of such evasions—there are, perhaps, ways and means of getting hold of such employers, that you are not aware of! The monkey may get his paws scorched, as well as the Cat.—Collectors and custom-house officers—be upon your guard!—Have an eye upon every vessel that comes in or goes out.—Let Contraband and smuggling be your watchwords! You watch Smugglers—the World will watch you!—As for you, comrade abandon the course which you have taken. Keep holy the laws of your country—respect her flag—Steer clear of every British whelp that would make you a smuggler—remember that there is no political sin so atrocious as that of selling the rights of your country to her oppressor for a mess of Portage—and that if you can keep clear of the laws, there is an eye above you, that you cannot escape.—So, farewell.
His Majesty's Ministers.
Read the following picture of the present ministers of England, of "all the talents" of that empire, drawn by an able opposition print—the Morning Chronicle of London! In what a perilous situation does Old England now stand—attacked by a powerful enemy from without, and sapped by a feeble Ministry from within!—Her safety evidently points to a change of her rulers!—As to the U. States, our decided opinion is, that unless King George should change his ministers, or unless they should change the terms which they have avowed, there will be no accommodation with England!
"We are afraid that the Austrian power, if it is not wholly extinguished, will soon be reduced to a condition in which it will have ceased to inspire respect. The crisis is awful beyond example. The danger is every day approaching nearer and nearer to our door, and grievous it is to think that the greater perils our situation presents, the less prepared we are for encountering them. In this a moment in which we ought to confide our security and existence to a set of Ministers in whom there is neither wisdom, nor vigour, nor virtue—to men morally incapable and politically impure—to men whose practical defects would dim the lustre of any talents, and who have no talents enough to cover one defect? No wonder that the people should have lost all confidence in the Government when they see it committed to such hands! No wonder that the respect of the people for all public men should have decreased, after beholding a few clerks of office usurp the places of statesmen, with qualifications hardly equal to the management of the affairs of a parish vestry! And yet there are persons among us, and pretending, too, to be patriots, who profess to think Mr. PERCEVAL, and Lord MULGRAVE, and Lord CASTLEREAGH, as fit to govern the country as any other men who could be found. If so, the nation must have grown poor, indeed, both in virtue and in talent, and England must, indeed, prove a very contemptible rival to France, conducted by the genius of BONAPARTE."
FOR THE ENQUIRER.
THE DRAMA.
To wake the Soul, by tender strokes of Art, To raise the Genius, and to mend the Heart, To make mankind in conscious Virtue bold, Live o'er each Scene, and be what they behold; For this the TRAGIC MUSE first trod the stage. Pope's Prologue to Addison's Cato.
Such is the picture which Pope gives us of the office of the Tragic Muse; that of the Comic Muse in some of her departments may be expressed in the other words of the same poet.
"To shoot the Follies living as they rise." The Truth is however, that Plays like Novels, have two principal offices exclusive of the public stock of harmless pleasure, which they furnish—to show what man is, and exhibit models of what he ought to be. Their points of indifference are obvious. Novels are confined to narration, and Plays to Dialogue. Novels embrace a greater variety of action, time and place.
In the exhibition of these offices, the Drama has made rapid advances, since those primitive days, when Thespis used to wander about in his cart and stain his face with the lees of wine. But there is still great scope of improvement, both in the species and manner of scenes to be exhibited. There is besides great scope, in what may be called the machinery of the plot. Every thing should be omitted, which detracts from the probability of the representation, and destroys its resemblance to real life; such as Asides; many Soliloquies; & songs, where they are struck up on a sudden, without being called for by any person on the stage.
Dr. Johnson.
There is nothing, which so much determines the taste of the Manager, or the success of his labours, as the choice of his dramas. What an immense scope is left to his selections, both in the varieties of scenes which are exhibited, and in the different lights in which these are hit off by different authors! Some display the effects of Love—others the torture of Jealousy—some the maddening energy of Ambition—and others, the ridiculous or fatal effects of fashionable vices. These are infinitely diversified by their exhibition. The age of Charles 2d has a manner of its own, peculiarly distinct from that of 1800. Beaumont and Fletcher mistake lewdness for love, and scurrility for wit. The genius of Sheridan and Holcroft is chaste, attic, descriptive of the feelings of the heart, or the ruling follies of the day.
The Manager should select the finest productions of Sheridan, Cumberland, Holcroft, Colman, Moreton—every drama that is recommended by the lustre of its sentiments, the elegance of its dialogue, the keenness of its wit, the beauty of its plot and the ridicule of fashionable follies.
Every thing should be exploded, which partakes of the indecent, the gross, the scurrilous or the buffoon. Where the Manager persists in persisting these upon the stage, they should be hissed and hooted off by the audience. Thus, what shall we think of the Entertainment exhibited on Friday night of "Fortune's Frollic," where the audience was entertained with such low-lived expressions, as "feasting bellies, and filling guts?"
Let them repeat the affecting, though not always the appropriate lines of Johnson's Prologues delivered at the opening of Drury Lane in 1747. Ah! let not Censure term our fate our choice, The Stage but echoes back the public voice; The Drama's laws, the Drama's patrons give, For we that live to please, must please to live.
The company, who now grace the boards of the Richmond Theatre, are worthy of public encouragement. The Manager deserves our thanks for his exertions and his care. The Scenery is uncommonly elegant. The Music is extremely fine. The Players, generally speaking, good!
In the whole range of the Dramatis Personae Mrs. Placide is our favorite—her voice sweet, pathetic and so expressive, that you can scarcely mark the emphasis of her words—her eye brilliant and penetrating—her countenance, robed in all the varieties of the passions—her gestures, so happily attempted to the part, which she represents—her full understanding of her character—her never ceasing attention to the scene in which she is engaged—her never forgetting, that she is on the stage, and yet her always playing her part so naturally, as to make us forget it—stamp her with the reputation of being one of the best actresses, which has ever adorned the Theatre of Virginia. She is in many respects similar to our old favorite, Mrs. J. West. As the celebrated Mrs. Merry was, she is deficient in the portability and grace of person—but who can control the operations of nature?
Has she then no fault?—She has a few—which may be easily illustrated by the fable of Momus. This laughing God was an eternal Satyr upon the inhabitants of the skies. Jupiter determined to see, whether he would not disarm him of his ridicule, commanded his daughter Venus to array herself in all her charms, and appear before the dread tribunal of the laughing God. The Goddess obeyed with blushing diffidence and trembling solicitude. Momus was confounded by the excellence which stood before him—he surveyed her over and over with critical admiration—at length, turning to the trembling beauty, he dismissed her with this panegyric: "Go, Child, and tell your father, that you will do very well; only your slipper creeps a little too much."—We may pass the same encomium on Mrs. Placide; only her tongue does not creak enough. Her voice it sometimes so low, that its sweetest accents do not reach the listening ear. Her manner too, is sometimes extravagant and unnatural.
Mrs. Green has touched this horizon but once this season; but she was soft, interesting, & picturesque—more artless, and far more unaffected than we have ever seen here.
Mr. Caulfield has strong tragic powers; a noble and commanding person; a fine voice—his greatest danger lies in "tearing the passion all to rags," in travestying the serious into the deeply tragic. He overcharges the picture with too much colouring; he overacts his part beyond the modesty of nature; as the Representation of Reuben Glenroy too strongly demonstrated. Let these exuberances be corrected.
Mr. Clarke deserves every credit for the zeal, with which he labours to serve the public. No man's part is better committed to memory—No man better feels his character. His representation of Rosalvi in the Hunter of the Alps was to the life; but his voice, though strong, is often harsh, intunable and grumbling. He can certainly modulate it better than he does; as well as soften down the angular movements of his arms. His improvement, since he last visited the Richmond boards, is at least an earnest of the amelioration which future perseverance and energy may infuse into his acting.
Mr. Fox is good in many parts. His representation of Robert in the Curfew, was to the life modest, chaste, and impressive. A little more simplicity would greatly improve him. It is obvious that nature has given him fine teeth and good eyes—and no less obvious by the use he makes of them, that he knows it too.
In all the characters, which breathe fun, and mirth and revelry, Mr. Sully stands one of the greatest heroes of the Buskin. His part of the gate-keeper in "The Fortress," was performed to admiration. His greatest sin, is not so much in the want of powers, as of a constant desire to exert them.
Mr. Ringwood is fraught with a large share of the comica vis—His Irishisms, his humour, his representations of low life, are faithful copyists of nature. As the Lieutenant, in the Fortress, he was truly great—But in the serious character of Parson Glenroy, he appeared to be out of his element. 'Tis not the inky cloak, nor customary suits of solemn black, that can denote him truly.
Mr. Bray, as far as we are acquainted, is one of our favorites. He represented the Simple quaker, to the life, and in the character of Hawbuck in the Comedy of "Town and Country," he was true Yorkshire. The comic character is his forte; in which as a Gentleman justly observato us, no man ever better understood the Art of divesting himself of all appearance of Intelligence. We hope soon to have the satisfaction of hearing him sing the favorite song of the "Potatoe Merchant," which a learned judge
of the United States declares, he would at any time walk five miles to hear him sing. For the present, we shall dismiss "our friends, the players" with a few simple rules, which, if they please, they may put along side those of Hamlet's advice to them:
1. When on the stage, never to forget that they are there; never to coquette with the audience—to address themselves only to the scene in which they are engaged. 2. Not to think their representative character is over, when they have done speaking—but to fill up their intervals of the dialogue with the proper action—and to remember, that when off the stage, we do not cease to feel, though we cease to speak. 3. Never to speak to each other, except to forward the business of the drama—and above all, never to point to the audience; lest the audience should take it to be a pointed insult to themselves.
DIED—Suddenly on Sunday the 24th inst. at New York, GEORGE W. NICHOLAS of Virginia, Midshipman, on board the U. S. Frigate Essex. This youth had scarce attained his sixteenth year, when blighted by the iron hand of death.
Richmond Theatre.
The public are respectfully informed, that during the season, no Play will be repeated, nor will there be any Postponement, on account of weather.
On Wednesday Evening, 13th September, will be presented (for the first time here,) Drama, in three acts, called
THE WANDERER,
OR, THE RIGHTS OF HOSPITALITY.
After the Play, the intere ng BALLET of THE WOOD-CUTTER:
To be performed by Miss PLACIDE, Miss SULLY and Master H. PLACIDE. To which will be added, the favorite Farce of THE REVIEW,
OR, THE WAGS OF WINDSOR.
Tickets to be had at the Theatre, & from Mr. Davis, at his printing-office—Doors to be opened at 6 o'clock—Curtain to rise at 7 o'clock, precisely. Sept. 12
EDUCATION—The subscribers have opened a Boarding-School, on Wednesday, the 10th day of January next, at the late dwelling of their father, the Revd. Matthew Maury, in the county of Albemarle, where they will instruct Young Gentlemen, in the Latin, Greek, French and English Languages, upon the following terms: Their price for board will be eighty dollars, for tuition, $32.50, and for washing & mending $12, payable half yearly, each boarder funding his own bedding. The qualifications of one of the subscribers have been proven by five years experience in this line of business. The other has been educated in the same School, and wants nothing but a few months experience to render his qualifications fully equal. The advantages of the situation are manifestly great, it being in the heart of a healthy and polished neighbourhood, and far removed from every incentive to vice and dissipation. The subscribers, deeply impressed with the great importance of the duties which they have assigned themselves, pledge all their powers for their performance. They have a tolerably extensive and well selected historical Library, which shall, (during the winter nights,) be used under their superintendence, for the benefit of their pupils. Should any of those gentlemen, who have patronized the labors of F. Maury, at the Green Springs, in Louisa, choose to place their sons or wards with the subscribers, their bedding, books, &c. shall be removed to this place gratis. Communications directed to the subscribers, Lindsay's Store, Albemarle county, will be immediately attended to. THOMAS W. MAURY, FRANCIS F. MAURY. Sept. 12
THIRTY DOLLARS REWARD—Reward from the Subscriber, on the 29th day of March 1807, a negro man named JAMES—he is about fifty years of age, 5 feet 6 or 7 inches high, spare made, has lost several of his fore teeth, has a down look, and stammers much when spoken to, in an authoritative tone, seeming to make laborious attempts with his mouth and tongue, to answer you, and with difficulty succeeded, at last, in an evasive manner: He formerly belonged to the estate of Mr. Parents of Gloucester, where it is probable he may now be lurking—in or Richmond & its neighbourhood, where the subscriber has been informed he has been seen. He is a coarse Shoe-Maker, and may perhaps follow that trade. The above reward will be paid, for apprehending and delivering him to the subscriber, living near Aylett's ware-house, in King William county, with travelling expenses, or for securing him, in jail, so that I get him again. THOMAS BOSHER. September 12
MEETING of the Subscribers to the Exchange Coffee Room, is requested at the Bell-Tavern, on Wednesday evening next, at five o'clock; to make such arrangements as they may deem necessary. Sept. 12
BY virtue of a Deed of Trust, executed to Thomas Randolph and myself, by Joshua Smith, of the county of Amelia, to secure the payment of a sum therein mentioned, to Dabney Miller, as his security to Richard Ligon. Will be sold, to the highest bidder, for cash, at the said Smith's mill, on the 14th day of October next, about five or six acres of Land, said Mill, Distillery and Cotton Machine: Also, eleven negroes, named in the said deed, consisting of men, women and children. The said deed is of Record in Amelia county court. BENJAMIN CHAPMAN. September 12
WILL BE SOLD, at public Auction, upon the premises, at half past three o'clock, p. m. on Thursday, the 14th day of the present month, the HOUSE & LOT, at present occupied by the subscriber—and immediately after, the Lot, with an unfinished house on it, situated near the aforesaid.
Terms of sale—One-third payable in 60 days, and the remaining two-thirds in twelve months. Notes negotiable and payable in the Bank of Virginia, with approved endorsers, will be required of the purchasers. SAMUEL GREENHOW. September 12
LANDS FOR SALE—By virtue of a decree of the Circuit Court of the United States for the 5th circuit and Virginia district, now exposed to sale, on the premises, on Saturday the 16th instant, so much of the Falls Plantation, joining Manchester, in the county of Chesterfield, as will be sufficient to raise, in cash, the sum of £ 504, with legal interest from the first of January last, and the costs of suit and decree was obtained by the executors to John Somerville. JOSEPH SCOTT Marshall of the Virginia. September 12
FRESH TEAS—FOR SALE Gunpowder and Young Hyson superior quality, for sale by the subscriber. A quantity of Liverpool Salt, just imported, which will be sold at a low price. September 12

MISCELLANEOUS.
AMERICAN LITERATURE.
VALEDICTORY.
The following is the peroration of the lecture, (completing a series on Rhetoric, delivered at Cambridge, last month, by the last professor of Rhetoric at Harvard University, the Hon. John Q. Adams. The close of a course of collegiate studies with the Senior Class, the Professor's resignation of his academic trust, and his contemplated departure on an important foreign embassy at the call of his country, combined to attract a numerous, brilliant, and discriminating audience, and to give effect to a discourse so happily calculated for the occasion.
The copyright of this Series of Lectures is secured to Mr. HALLIARD, Printer to the University, who we understand will shortly exhibit them to the public—by his politeness we are favored with the following extract—Boston Patriot.
“And here, gentlemen, our disquisitions upon the second great division of the rhetorical science—that which teaches the disposition of various parts of an oration, are brought to a close. At this stage of our inquiries, a portion of our fellow-labourers have arrived at the term of their collegiate life—While I am treating of the conclusion of a discourse, they are brought to the conclusion of their academic career. At the same time, an event which removes me to a remote region, has suddenly arrested me in the course of these studies, and brings them also to a premature conclusion.”
Two years have elapsed since you, gentlemen, who are now about to issue from the halls of science into the tumults of the world, first became my hearers—and this lecture completes the course, upon which you have attended. We have been fellow-students upon subjects in many respects, new to myself as well as to you. We are now to part, and you, as well as myself, are to be separated from those of your successors, who, at a later period, have become sharers in these studies. The situation in which we respectively stand towards one another, is interesting to us all, and in taking leave of you, I trust you will indulge me with a few additional moments, for the utterance of the sentiments inspired by the occasion.
The period to which those of you have arrived, who are bidding adieu to the residence within these venerable walls, is perhaps the most critical and important of any moment of your lives. It is the hinge upon which your future destinies are balanced. It is from this moment, that most of you, ceasing to be merely members of a family, become active partners of the state—efficient citizens of the commonwealth. Henceforth, you are to unite the study of living man with that of ages expired. And so rapid is the succession of years, that you will soon find the balance of your feelings and of your duties, pointing with an irresistible magnet to futurity, and the growing burthen of your hopes and wishes, concentrated in the welfare of your successors upon this earthly stage—of yourselves upon that which is to succeed. If at this moment, in which so many circumstances concur to give solemnity to our feelings, I may be permitted to use, with you the freedom, as I feel for you the solicitude of a parent, and to express in the form of advice those ardent wishes for your future happiness, which beat with every pulsation of my heart, I would entreat you to cherish, and to cultivate in every stage of your lives, that taste for literature and science, which is first sought here, as in their favorite abodes. I would urge it upon you as the most effectual means of extending your respectability and usefulness in the world. I would press it with still more earnestness upon you, as the inexhaustible source of enjoyment and of consolation.
In a life of action, however prosperous may be its career, there will be seasons of adversity and days of trial. The trials of prosperity themselves, though arrayed in garments of joy, are not less perilous or severe than those of distress. The heart of man is alas! liable to corruption from both the faces of fortune, and the vices of insolent success are as fatal to the moral dignity of the human character, as the reckless plunges of despair. It is only by absorbing all the interests and all the faculties of the heart, that passion spreads over it like a consuming fire. Form but the habit of taking delight in other objects than those which merely affect your personal condition in the world, and you will be guarded from that disposition of mind which is the wretchedness of prosperity, & from that perturbation of soul which is the agony of misfortune. The mastery of our passions can perhaps only be accomplished by religion; but in acquiring it, her most effectual as well as most elegant instruments, are letters and science. At no hour of your life will the love of letters ever oppress you as a burthen, or fail you as a resource. In the vain and foolish exultation of the heart, which the brighter prospects of life will sometimes excite, the pensive portress of science shall call you back to the sober pleasures of her holy cell. In the mortifications of disappointment, her soothing voice shall whisper serenity and peace. In social converse, with the mighty dead of ancient days, you will never smart under the galling sensation of dependence upon the mighty living of the present age, and in your struggles with the world, should a crisis ever occur, when even friendship may deem it prudent to desert you—when even your country may seem ready to abandon herself and you; when even Priest and Levite shall come and look on you, and pass by on the other side; seek refuge in unfailing friends, and be assured you will find it, in the friendship of Law and Scipio—in the patriotism of Cicero, Demosthenes, and Burke, as well as in the precepts and examples of him, whose whole law is love and who taught us to remember injuries only to forgive them.
The satisfaction of this intercourse with you, I had flattered myself with the hopes of enjoying, for a series of years to come; & it was my wish and intention to have added to these Lectures which you have heard, another, though a shorter course, more particularly devoted to Oratory, which was essential to the completion of my original plan. I was deeply sensible also, that after filling up the outline sketched in my first lecture, a severe and deliberate revision of the whole would be necessary to remove some of its imperfections, and render it more worthy of that unrelenting attention, for which I must gratefully acknowledge my obligations to my hearers. From these dreams of hope, I have been awakened by a destination of uncertain continuance to a distant country. It is not without reluctance that I have yielded to this call, and resigned the privilege of aiding, by such instructions, as I would give, the studies of my young friends and fellow-citizens. In estimating, comparatively, the permanent dignity and importance of the employment which I must abandon, with those of the occupation I am to assume, I cannot hesitate to prefer that in which I appear before you as the one belongs only to the relations of life, while the other embraces the common relation of the whole community, the citizen must retain their preceptor those of the individual, and point to the service of the country, as that, from unsolicited call will admit of no refusal to private or public considerations.
Gentlemen, it is my apology to those of you who yet some portion of your time to pass in the halls of the museum, were entitled to my those pursuits connected with the this profession. In comparing the course of instruction which is now to enfold you, to that to which I have been, is irrepressible, the transient, and, in
a short time, I trust, more than repaired. Still greater is the gratification with which I bear in mind, that I leave you under the library guidance and aid of other instructors, all of whom feel the same ardent zeal for your improvements, & many of whom have the advantage of a longer experience in the art of instruction, and a more intimate association with your studies than it has been or could be my fortune to enjoy. Most of all, is my confidence in your future honor and usefulness in the world, supported by the conviction that it has an immovable foundation in your own characters—That you all feel the moral obligations, which a liberal education imposes upon those to whom it is given—That science is only valuable, as it expands the heart, while it enlarges the understanding—that the acquirements which you can here obtain, are talents put into your hands—a deposit, of which the fruits belong not exclusively to yourselves, but in common to your fellow citizens and your fellow men.
Finally, gentlemen, though my inclination still lingers at the word, I must, however, reluctantly bid you, one and all, adieu. I have heard of two lovers, who, upon being separated from each other, for a length of time, and by a distance, like that to which I am bound, among the contrivances which the ingenuity of affection devised, to bring them, in fancy, nearer to each other, mutually agreed, at a given hour of every day, to turn their eyes towards one of the great luminaries of heaven—and each of them in looking to the sky, felt a sensation of pleasure at the thought that the eyes of the other, at the same moment, were directed towards the same object. Let me cherish the hope, that between you and me there will be some occasional, nay frequent remembrances, & impromptu by analogical objects in the world of mind. Whenever the hour of studious retirement shall point our views to those luminaries of the moral heavens, which shed benignant radiance for our benefit and delight—When the moralists, the poets and the orators of every age, shall be the immediate objects of our regard, let us in the visions of memory, behold one another engaged in the same “celestial colloquy sublime.” Let us think of one another as fellow students in the same pursuit. Let us remember the pleasant hours in which we have trod together this path of wisdom and of honor—And if, at that moment, the sentiment of privation should darken the retrospect, may it be your consolation, as it will be mine, that the only painful impression which resulted from our intercourse arises from its cessation, as the only regret with which the remembrance of you can ever be associated, is that which I now experience in bidding you farewell !”
[FROM THE AMERICAN EAGLE.]
The ingenious naturalist, who, by a series of nice observations, has been able to discover the following facts respecting the Locust, will greatly interest the curiosity of those who wish to become acquainted with the history of this insect.
COMMUNICATION.
AMERICAN LOCUSTS.
The following is intended for an answer to the queries concerning the Locusts, which appeared in a Poughkeepsie paper.
The American Locust is very unlike any of the various kinds, which have appeared in the eastern hemisphere. Instead of that dreadful scourge, the curse of Egypt, and the dread of all Europe, it visits us as nothing worse than a very uncooth musician, and destroyer of a few small twigs on our fruit trees.
Our locust is a thick, clumsy insect, about an inch and a half in length, and in the bulbous part, about three-eighths of an inch in thickness. Its color is a dusky brown—It has four transparent wingy veins; four legs joined like a lobster's; a bill about one-fourth of an inch in length, which always lies close to the breast—the neck very short; the head about the length of the bill, and shaped like the head of an ox. The eyes project a little more than a hemisphere. They are without eye-lids, enclosed in a horny transparent substance. The basis of the eye, except the sights, being of a light red color, the whole eye has a reddish appearance. The bulbous part of the body consists of seven rings; just where it joins upon the forepart, under each pair of wings, the male has a kind of white bladder, like a piper's wind-bag, or bellows, which serves as a musical instrument, for raising a note, much like the croaking of a small frog. He sounds this about four seconds, then discontinues it the same length of time; and so on alternately, in fair weather, from day light till about three o'clock in the afternoon. But they are so numerous, that you hear but one continued sound. The incessant grating of these harsh discordant notes, is very disagreeable. The males are perfectly harmless in all other respects. The females being destitute of these musical organs make no noise. They have a kind of dagger projecting from the belly, about half an inch from the posterior extremity, formed of two spines, so close together, that they appear to be but one. With this they make incisions into small branches of trees, where they deposit vast number of eggs—either the eggs or daggers, possess a quality very destructive to vegetation. In three or four days after the eggs are deposited, the limb dries from the incision to the end; and the leaves change to the colour of falling leaves of an mn. This is all the mischief done by these insects. They never eat anything at all. This I know to be a fact, by a series of observations.
When Locusts first appear, they are much sought by swine; and they grow fat upon them. After a few weeks, they become almost destitute of animal fluid. But the males continue to sing till they become so dry, that the bulbous part of the body may be pulverized like snuff. They will sing several minutes after their heads are pulled off; separate all parts, head, wings, legs and all the body from the part supporting the musical organ, and the singing will be continued in the usual way, about a minute.
The process of the locusts from the egg is this—The limb in which the egg is deposited breaks off at the lowest incision, falls to the ground, and scatters the eggs from which a worm is hatched by the heat of the following summer. The worm crawls into the earth to a depth, proportioned to the looseness of the soil. In the loamy soil of Columbia and Green counties, about six feet. At its greatest depth, it changes to the chrysalis state, and thence to the state in which it emerges from the earth. This process is familiar to every one, who has frequently seen wells and cellars dug.
As soon as it emerges from the earth, it crawls very slowly up whatever bush, tree, stump, or other thing, it meets with first. There, after fastening its feet firmly, it cracks open on its back just below the shoulders; doubles up into one-third its length, and gradually draws out its legs and wings, and in about an hour, it is entirely disengaged from its old encasement. (This old shell is left standing; and it remains so several months after the whole generation of locusts are left extinct.) After the locust has stood in the sun, till thoroughly dried, it flies clumsily about like the common large black night bug.
I have not ascertained, how large a proportion of the United States is visited by these dekapetal insects. They are most numerous in dry warm soils. They have not visited the country to the west of Catskill mountains, as far back as I have travelled, which is about fifty miles; although upon the east face of the mountain they are numerous.
Nothing is more certainly ascertained, than that their visits are regularly every seventeen years—There are several old men in the neighborhood of undoubted veracity, who remember four of their returns.
As to the season and duration of their visits; I recollect, that in the year 1792 they began to appear in the eastern part of Columbia county,
at the time of the first hoeing of Indian Corn, & that a few scattering ones remained till the commencement of harvest. This year a few scattering ones appeared about the first of June; but on the morning of the 10th, they came up in swarms. I counted eighty upon one chestnut saddle, which came up and left their shells that morning. The last which I heard or saw alive was the 18th of July. Their carcasses were, at that time, as thick in some woods, as leaves in autumn.
From their very first to their last appearance in and about Catskill, was about seven weeks. But they were not numerous longer than four weeks. I think, four weeks is about the full term of a locust's existence, in the winged state.
IMPORTANT TO MARNERS.
To the Editor of the Mercantile Advertiser.
SIR, The following experiment I have tried, and have no doubt it would be the means of preserving the lives of such of our sea-faring people, as should be so unfortunate as to abandon their vessel and entrust their lives to the boat.
A fourteen foot boat, with an empty puncheon lashed to the rising of the boat on the inside, will float with four men in it when full of water, and in that case may be bailed out. And I believe that one puncheon to a ton, or four puncheons to a twenty foot long boat, will float with 16 men in the like manner.
In the above case a boat may live in the sea, without danger of turning bottom up.
WM. THOMPSON, Brooklyn.
ANECDOTE.
The Persian poet, Sadi, has related the following candid and sensible observation of an old man:—When some of his friends advised him to marry, he replied, “I do not like old women”—“Why then,” observed the advisers, “many a young one.” “No,” replied the sage, “young ones do not like old men.”
VIRGINIA.—At a Superior Court of Chancery held at the Capitol, in Richmond, June 20th, 1809.
Philip N. Nicholas, Attorney General, on behalf of the Commonwealth of Virginia, Plff. against Lucy Price, relict of Wm. Price, Register, decd, and Wm. D. James Alexander, John Harvie, and Anne Price, infant heirs of William Price, decd by Wm. Duvall, their guardian, and the said Wm. Duvall, administrator of Wm. Price decd. Defts.
Philip Duvall, Plaintiff , against the same, Defendants .
The Mutual Assurance Society, against Fire on buildings in the state of Virginia, Plff. against the same, Defts.
WM. Marshall and Thomas Taylor, guardians of Eleanor and Lavinia Dandridge, orphans of Wm. Dandridge, decd. Plffs. against the same Defts.
THESE causes, by consent of parties, were this day heard together, on the bills, answer, exhibits, and report of Commissioner Greenhow, made in the second suit, which is substituted, by consent, in the other causes, and were argued by counsel; On consideration whereof, the court, by consent of parties, doth adjudge, order and decree, that John Prosser and Wm. Moncure, or either of them, who are appointed commissioners for that purpose, after having advertised the time and place of sale for thirty days, in two of the news-papers printed in the city of Richmond, do expose to sale, at Public Auction, upon the premises, the following
LANDS.
Of the estate of the intestate Wm. Price, late Register, namely: two-thirds of two Lots, in the City of Richmond, known and distinguished in the plan of the said City, by the numbers five hundred and twenty-seven, and five hundred and sixty, lying on the main street, which were purchased of Alexander Quarrier, and adjoining his present residence: Nine vacant Lots in the said City, near the tenement of Joseph Jackson, and distinguished by the numbers
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258, 259, 260, 261, 262, 263, 264, 265, 266, 267, 268, 269, 270, 271, 272, 273, 274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 284, 285, 286, 287, 288, 289, 290, 291, 292, 293, 294, 295, 296, 297, 298, 299, 300, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330, 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 336, 337, 338, 339, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 345, 346, 347, 348, 349, 350, 351, 352, 353, 354, 355, 356, 357, 358, 359, 360, 361, 362, 363, 364, 365, 366, 367, 368, 369, 370, 371, 372, 373, 374, 375, 376, 377, 378, 379, 380, 381, 382, 383, 384, 385, 386, 387, 388, 389, 390, 391, 392, 393, 394, 395, 396, 397, 398, 399, 400, 401, 402, 403, 404, 405, 406, 407, 408, 409, 410, 411, 412, 413, 414, 415, 416, 417, 418, 419, 420, 421, 422, 423, 424, 425, 426, 427, 428, 429, 430, 431, 432, 433, 434, 435, 436, 437, 438, 439, 440, 441, 442, 443, 444, 445, 446, 447, 448, 449, 450, 451, 452, 453, 454, 455, 456, 457, 458, 459, 460, 461, 462, 463, 464, 465, 466, 467, 468, 469, 470, 471, 472, 473, 474, 475, 476, 477, 478, 479, 480, 481, 482, 483, 484, 485, 486, 487, 488, 489, 490, 491, 492, 493, 494, 495, 496, 497, 498, 499, 500, 501, 502, 503, 504, 505, 506, 507, 508, 509, 510, 511, 512, 513, 514, 515, 516, 517, 518, 519, 520, 521, 522, 523, 524, 525, 526, 527, 528, 529, 530, 531, 532, 533, 534, 535, 536, 537, 538, 539, 540, 541, 542, 543, 544, 545, 546, 547, 548, 549, 550, 551, 552, 553, 554, 555, 556, 557, 558, 559, 560, 561, 562, 563, 564, 565, 566, 567, 568, 569, 570, 571, 572, 573, 574, 575, 576, 577, 578, 579, 580, 581, 582, 583, 584, 585, 586, 587, 588, 589, 590, 591, 592, 593, 594, 595, 596, 597, 598, 599, 600, 601, 602, 603, 604, 605, 606, 607, 608, 609, 610, 611, 612, 613, 614, 615, 616, 617, 618, 619, 620, 621, 622, 623, 624, 625, 626, 627, 628, 629, 630, 631, 632, 633, 634, 635, 636, 637, 638, 639, 640, 641, 642, 643, 644, 645, 646, 647, 648, 649, 650, 651, 652, 653, 654, 655, 656, 657, 658, 659, 660, 661, 662, 663, 664, 665, 666, 667, 668, 669, 670, 671, 672, 673, 674, 675, 676, 677, 678, 679, 680, 681, 682, 683, 684, 685, 686, 687, 688, 689, 690, 691, 692, 693, 694, 695, 696, 697, 698, 699, 700, 701, 702, 703, 704, 705, 706, 707, 708, 709, 710, 711, 712, 713, 714, 715, 716, 717, 718, 719, 720, 721, 722, 723, 724, 725, 726, 727, 728, 729, 730, 731, 732, 733, 734, 735, 736, 737, 738, 739, 740, 741, 742, 743, 744, 745, 746, 747, 748, 749, 750, 751, 75, 756, 757, 758, 759, 760, 761, 762, 763, 764, 765, 766, 767, 768, 769, 770, 771, 772, 773, 774, 775, 776, 777, 778, 779, 780, 781, 782, 783, 784, 785, 786, 787, 788, 789, 790, 791, 792, 793, 794, 795, 796, 797, 798, 799, 800, 801, 802, 803, 804, 805, 806, 807, 808, 809, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814, 815, 816, 817, 818, 819, 820, 821, 822, 823, 824, 825, 826, 827, 828, 829, 830, 831, 832, 833, 834, 835, 836, 837, 838, 839, 840, 841, 842, 843, 844, 845, 846, 847, 848, 849, 850, 851, 852, 853, 854, 855, 856, 857, 858, 859, 860, 861, 862, 863, 864, 865, 866, 867, 868, 869, 870, 871, 872, 873, 874, 875, 876, 877, 878, 879, 880, 881, 882, 883, 884, 885, 886, 887, 888, 889, 890, 891, 892, 893, 894, 895, 896, 897, 898, 899, 900, 901, 902, 903, 904, 905, 906, 907, 908, 909, 910, 911, 912, 913, 914, 915, 916, 917, 918, 919, 920, 921, 922, 923, 924, 925, 926, 927, 928, 929, 930, 931, 932, 933, 934, 935, 936, 937, 938, 939, 940, 941, 942, 943, 944, 945, 946, 947, 948, 949, 950, 951, 952, 953, 954, 955, 956, 957, 958, 959, 960, 961, 962, 963, 964, 965, 966, 967, 968, 969, 970, 971, 972, 973, 974, 975, 976, 977, 978, 979, 980, 981, 982, 983, 984, 985, 986, 987, 988, 989, 990, 991, 992, 993, 994, 995, 996, 997, 998, 999, 1000.
lands, being on the main street, which were purchased of Alexander Quarrier, and adjoining his present residence: Nine vacant Lots in the said City, near the tenement of Joseph Jackson, and distinguished by the numbers
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 1