The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1807-08-14 00:00:00

The Enquirer.
PUBLISHED BY THOMAS RITCHIE, OPPOSITE THE POST-OFFICE.....AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM.....(PAYABLE IN ADVANCE.)
VOLUME 4.]
RICHMOND, FRIDAY MORNING, AUGUST 14, 1807.
[NUMBER 28.]
FOR LONDON,
THE NEW COPPER FASTENED SHIP, POWHATATAN.
WILLIAM COTTLE, MASTER, Burthen about 500 Hds. Tobacco. SHE is daily expected at City Point. Having part of her cargo already engaged, she will take the balance on moderate freight. For terms, ap- ply to Mr. Edmund W. Rootes, Richmond, or NASH & MUNROE, Peterburg. August 4.
FOR LIVERPOOL,
THE FINE AMERICAN SHIP
CHARLES, W. W. PARROTT, Master, Burthen 450 Hds. Tobacco. Will sail in all next week. For pas- sage apply to the master on board, Pickett, Pollard & Johnston, or Overton Anderson. Who have imported in said Ship, One hundred Crates of well assorted Liverpool WARE, which they offer for sale on moderate terms. Richmond, August 7. ep2w.
WANTED,
A SHIP of about 250 hogheads burthen, to load with Tobacco for Falmouth, and a market in Great-Britain or Ireland. The Car- go being all ready, immediate dispatch will be given. Enquire of Messrs. CAMPBELL & WHEELER, Nor- folk-or PICKETT, POLLARD & JOHNSTON. Richmond, Aug. 7th, 1807. 2w
THE partnership under the firm of James C. Anthony & Co. having expired agreeable to the terms of the time, it is therefore dissolved—the bu- siness will be closed by James C. Anthony, who has been the acting partner. JAMES C. ANTHONY. DAVID BULLOCK. Richmond, 7th Aug. 1807.
THE Subscriber intends doing business on the same terms as was carried on by James C. An- thony & Co. JAMES C. ANTHONY. 7th Aug. 1807. 3w
FOR SALE,
THE following PROPERTY, belonging to Ro- bert Alexander, Esq. of Woodford county, in the State of Kentucky:—A LOT OF GROUND, in the City of Richmond, with a valuable House there- on, one room of which is occupied by the Jews as a Synagogue—under the house there are a set of Vaults, originally intended for a Wine Cellar; also the Trade of LAND whereon William Alexander, Esq. formerly resided, about three miles from the Ci- ty of Richmond. Two years credit, from the first day of January next will be allowed the purchaser, of whom bond with good security bearing interest from the said first day of January, and a mortgage on the premises will be required, and to whom a convey- ance in fee simple with a warranty will be granted. Portion of the tract of Land may be had on the day of sale, and of the Vaults, but the Jews are entitled to the possession of the rest of the house until the first day of May next.—Unless the property is sold by pri- vate bargain, it will be sold publicly at the front door of the Eagle Tavern between the hours of 12 and 3 o'clock, P. M. on Saturday the 24th day of October next. The title papers may be seen and every infor- mation granted by applying to me. WM. HAY, Attorney in fact for ROBERT ALEXANDER. Richmond, Aug. 7th, 1807. ep1f
WANTED,
FOR THE ENSUING YEAR. AN OVERSEER—None need apply but one who can come well recommended for honesty, sobriety, industry & a thorough knowledge of farm- ing. To a person of this description, liberal wages will be given. EDWIN JAMES HARVIE. August 7. tf
DRUMS, Fifes, Swords, Belts, Nots, Epauletts, Stocks and Cockades, to be had at Enoch Sal- vans Jewelry Store. August 7. tf
MARSHAL'S SALES.
WILL be sold, to the highest bidder, for ready money, under a decree of the court of the Uni- ted States for the fifth circuit, in the Virginia dis- trict, between Phonox Bond, attorney in fact for the creditors of Ezekiel Edwards, plaintiff, and David Rols and others, defendants, in order to raise the sum of fifteen thousand five hundred and sixty-five dol- lars and sixty-five cents, due and payable the first day of last month, and the expenses and charges attending the sale; a number of very valuable SLAVES.— The sale will take place at the Oxford Iron Works, in the county of Campbell, on the 23rd day of Septem- ber next. BEN. MOSBY, D. M. FOR JOSEPH SCOTT, M. V. D. August 7th, 1807. 235
MANCHESTER TURNPIKE COMPANY.
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, THAT an adjournment of the general meeting of the Stock Holders has been made to the first Mon- day in next month, when it is expected the members, generally, will attend, either in person or by At- torney duly qualified to act for them. JAS. BRANDER, CLK. August 3. im
TO RENT,
For a term of years, or for one year, A VALUABLE FARM, in the upper end of Hanover county, and at present in the occu- pancy of John Hay, Esq. containing 250 acres.— There are perhaps two Tracts of Land, that combine more advantages than this; it is well adapted to the cultivation of corn, wheat and Tobacco, has a full proportion of the best qualified meadow Land upon it, and lies within 30 miles of the city of Richmond. The uncommon healthiness of the situation, the nature of the soil, the happy proportion of wood, arable and grass lands, together with its vicinity to the best market in the country, all serve to render it worthy the attention of any industrious farmer, who may wish to settle himself in this way for life, as it may be obtained for any term of years. The buildings are sufficient for a comfortable accommodation of a small fam- ily and for all plantation purposes. The premises will be shown by the present occupant, and the terms made known, upon application to the subscriber resid- ing in the county of Orange. DABNEY MINOR. August 8. ep6w.
FOR SALE,
BY EDWARD HALLAM, THREE Hundred Barrels good merchantable CORN. Also, a few Thousand Wt. Salt Pe- tred BACON. July 1. tf
Europe.
FROM LATE FRENCH PAPERS.
Copy of a letter of the adjutant commandant Me- riage, to the Prince of Benevento.
WADDIN, May 11. MY LORD—It was the 22d of April that the Russians withdrew from before Gurdzow. Mus- tapha Balthaw was acquainted with this retreat only at break of day; he found in their camp the annexed letter, addressed to this Balthaw by M. Rodolfinkin.
General Michelson has fallen back with his forces beyond the Siret, leaving only towards Bucharest a rear guard of light troops, posted behind Argis and Dombowitz.
All communication is forbidden to the inha- bitants that these retrograde steps may not be known. It is difficult to form an idea of the chagrin of the partizans of the Russians in Wal- lachia. Several of the principal Boyards and of the Greek clergy are justly accused of having favoured the Russians. The others said to them, in refusing to take arms—"As long as the Em- peror Napoleon will remain in Poland, and that you will be so feeble, you cannot inspire us with any confidence."
The Wallachians who have taken the part of the Russians, fly away on all sides. Many have made bitter reproaches to Michelson. "Why," they have said to him, "did you come to disturb us? We have taken up arms upon the faith of your Emperor, and you aban- don us; you promised us every day new suc- cours, and none have arrived. You however knew that you were not able to maintain your ground with the few troops which you had here. Why then did you excite us on to deliver us up to an enemy, who do not pardon; to expose us to the vengeance of our irritated sovereign? Unfor- tunate that we are, we have forgotten the advice of our fathers. They had told us that you had acted thus many a time; that we can never expect to be in your hands but instruments which are sacrificed for the least convenience. Happy those who have remained faithful and ob- edient."
The Turkish forces increase upon the Danube. Mustapha Balthaw has caused to march from 5 to 6000 men, to reduce Philippiopol, where a rebellion has arisen against his authority.
The Grand Visir is marching with the main body of his army; he advances towards Baba- dag.—His van guard is commanded by Ali Ba- shaw, (Cercazy) who has arrived at Ismail. The left of the army of the grand Visir is at Kir- chowa and Sibilatia. This position of the Ot- toman army turns General Michelson, who has not only done well in evacuating Wallachia, but who will soon be obliged to evacuate Bess- arabia.
The check which the Russians have sustained before Ismail, leaves sufficient to conjecture whether they are able to resist him. The tak- ing of Ismail is the principal point of their plan. The numerous checks they have sustained with- in three months, before that place, are of great consequence to the Porte who will derive great advantages from them. The army of Mich- elson is of a number inferior to 23 000 men. He has not found in Wallachia all the enthusiasm and assistance which he expected. The success- es of the French army have kept the greatest number under the obedience of the Porte.
The rebellious Wallachians are not the only ones to be pitied, the only ones abandoned by Russia. The Servians who remained quiet un- der the cover of an armistice, have run to arms by their indignation; they repaired to the height parallel with the Danube. They had posted in the principal island of that river, between the mouths of the Timock and Orgazheka, about four hundred men, to make themselves masters of that passage, and were determined to wait for the Russians, who failed to go to the rendez- vous. These wretches have been the victims of their confidence. Being killed; a great many drowned themselves, & hardly thirty could save themselves by swimming. Servia finds herself at- tacked at the same time by all the B'shaw, and this unfeasonable insurrection is a miscarried op- eration by the Russians, who have sacrificed them. This blind confidence in the lies of Russia, is for her the source of great misfor- tune.
The Balthaw of Widdien began his march the 9th May towards Nagodin, to pursue his ad- vantages over the Servians. He has ordered a small palisaded fort to be erected to secure the island which is occupied by a small detach- ment.
The Porte has ordered to repair the place of Ostowa, a very important position.
P. S. At the moment of closing my letter, I received one from Mons. Lamarre, who writes to me from Rudishuck that Pshvan Aga has just gained a new advantage on the lower Da- nube.
Accept, my Lord, &c. (Signed) The Adjutant Commandant, MERIAGE.
MUNICH, May 29. Our gazettes have published this day the fol- lowing letter from Marshal Mafena to His Ma- jesty the king of Bavaria, dated at head quar- ters in Pratznitz, the 19th May:— SIRE,
Your Majesty will permit me to yield to the vehement desire which I feel, to express the lively pleasure which I experienced, when the Emperor, my august sovereign, chose me to be witness of the first exploits of H. R. H. the He- reditary Prince. H. R. H. the Hereditary Prince had, in the military career of your Majesty, great examples to follow and great memories to perpetuate. His first military exploits have been worthy of the illustrious family that has given him birth.—The 14th of this month, the enemy, with a superior force, attacked the troops of Y. M. which I had charged to pro- tect the works of a tele de pont near Patsuk. H. R. H. at the head of his brave troops not only supported the attack of the enemy, but even repulsed them with loss. The generals of Y. M. thought themselves obliged to moderate the ardor of this Prince, and the army unites now to the attachment which virtue and ben- ficence inspire, all the esteem which is due to valor.
Whilst I think myself happy in contributing as much as it is in my power to the glory of the arms of Y. M. the ties of fraternity which unite the two nations, become still closer upon the field of battle, and I flatter myself to merit the glorious friendship of Y. M. by manifest- ing the sincere attachment that I have contract- ed for H. R. H. the Hereditary Prince, &c.
In continuation of this letter is found a cir- cumstantial official account, which the Royal Prince has addressed to his august father, under date of Pultusk the 17th May, upon the military events which took place between the 14th and 16th.—The loss of the enemy is estimated at 500 men killed or wounded.]
LUBEC, May 20.
The Russians suffered much at the engagement of the 15th, opposite to Dantziok, from the terrible fire of the French light cavalry. They pretend that the Prussians have not done their duty, and the latter say the same things of the Russians.
FROM LATE FRENCH PAPERS.
Copy of the letter of H. H. Caimakan Balthaw, filling the place of the Grand Vizier in Con- stantinople, to the different B'shaw:
We are prefuzed by the different true and authentic advices that we have successively re- ceived, that H. M. the emperor of the French has having put himself personally at the head of his army has valiantly fought the Russians, defeated them several times, and has gained over them victo- ries as complete as brilliant; their baggage, all their ammunition, and a prodigious number of prisoners of war, are the glorious fruits of all these victories.
Notwithstanding these splendid successes, and after the last battle gained over the Russians, we hear that some weak or ill-intentioned men were spreading the report that the French army had miscarried in its enterprises, and that for- tune had not been so favourable to it as might be wished.
The French army destined against the Rus- sians besides being very numerous and exceed- ingly strong, is still provided with whatever is necessary for them, all those who have a found mind, already know that the numerous tri- umphs of that army have procured them consi- derable treasures and an immense quantity of ammunition: which renders them daily more formidable, while the enemy enfeebling itself proportionably, will ere long, find itself entirely exhausted.
After all these considerations, the sublime Porte has taken good care not to give any cre- dit to the like absurdities; it has judged that these were spread only by vile spies, the miser- able tools of the malice and peridy of Russia. That enemy of Ottoman glory and religion, flirts with rage at the war which is so unjustly declared against it, and reviewing with an en- vious eye the natural and sincere alliance and harmony which prevails between the sublime Porte and the French government, endeavours to blow far and wide the poison with which it is infected.
We are already informed, by the official re- port of the French ambassador near the Sublime Porte, by letters received from different places, and by the ministers we have at Warsaw, that the enemy in the last battle that has taken place between them and the French army, have been completely beaten and dispersed, to the shame and confusion of their chief.
We also are informed, that another French army besieges the great & rich city of Dantziok,* and is very near rendering itself master of it, notwithstanding all the efforts of the enemy.
The sublime Porte has not any thing so much at heart, as to make as public as possible the splendid exploits and lofty feats of France, his illustrious and invincible ally, as also the weak- ness and confusion of his detestable enemy, which has trampled under foot the most sacred treaties of peace.
We are conscious that all reasonable men will be aware to give any faith to these kind of rumors malignantly propagated by vile and miserable spies. Notwithstanding this, the Sublime Porte, by a wise foresight, commands that in future these wretches shall be watched, and that their passages into his states be forbidden, with a view to prevent henceforward the like inconve- niences.
You, our faithful prince, will take care, by the attachment and zeal that we know in you, to make as public as possible the victories gained by the French army. you will cause to close every passage and forbid every person sent by the enemy, with an intention to propagate false and dangerous reports. Constantinople, April 19, 1807.
* Since taken.
Copy of the letter of the French Consul, Lamarre to the Prince of Benevento.
SIR, May 6. MY LORD—The Russians have withdrawn from Gurdzow the 24th of April, towards Bu- charat. They this day evacuate Bucharest and Valachia to repair to Moldavia. Their weakness and the successes of the Turks made this retreat indispensably necessary.
On the side of Ismail, a defector having come to announce to Pshvan Aga that the Russians were very much engaged in preparing to depart, and the latter having been reinforced with the vanguard of the army of the grand Visir, who has united his troops, made them take an oath upon the Koran to conquer or die, caused them to march in two columns of 5000 men each, and attacked the Russians just at the break of day; he killed 1100 men, took 900 prisoners, and a part of their baggage and artillery. Two Russian generals have been made prisoners.
At the moment that this news arrived at Sir- stow, the Turks pursued their advantages, and the Russians retired towards Bender.
We expect every moment the main body of the grand Visir; he was only within three days march of the Danube a few days ago.
The agents of Russia are in the greatest con- fernation; they pack up and run away; their lamentations and grief cause compassion.
The affairs of the Turks, go on very well, they will probably be at Bucharest within a few days.
LONDON, June 1.
SPAIN, PORTUGAL, &c.—The mails from Gibraltar to the 25th ult. have arrived. The contents of the Spanish papers are important upon two points: the incipient dissatisfaction of the two courts of Spain and Lisbon—and the conduct of the Spanish Admiralty towards the
American ships. Upon the first point, the Ma- drid Gazette contains a long official article, in which it inveighs against the unnatural conduct of Portugal, in encouraging the settlement of Heresies on the coasts of Plata:—
"That unhappy extreme of the world, where the Catholic Faith has hitherto flourished pure and unfulfilled. The English have now got footing in South America. Henceforward the happi- ness of the Natives is gone. They must become pirates under their new masters. What does Portugal intend by such policy? Will Brazil remain a Portuguese colony when Chili and Pa- raguay shall be torn from Spain? Will the fee- ble and tottering Regency of Portugal command respect from a nation which tramples on its neighbours in proportion to their weakness? No—Brazil will soon follow the fate of La Pla- ta: and like other unfortunate nations, Portugal will become wife, when she has breached the effects of her folly. The naval predomi- nance of England must be subdued, or there will be no safety for nations. England, impo- tent by land, is all powerful by sea. Is Por- tugal blind that she cannot see those topmasts which look down upon the Bay of Lisbon, from which England at once defies and insults the world?"
The letters and papers brought by the Prince of Wales packet, Todd, in 12 days from Lis- bon, have been delivered at the post-office. It appears by their concurrent testimony, that the preparation on every part of the Spanish fron- tier have excited a very lively alarm in the Court of Lisbon; and that even mercantile credit had begun to suffer, from the general apprehension of an immediate invasion. The Court of Ma- drid is stated to have already made extravagant demands on that of Lisbon, affecting to have conceived great disgust at the assistance given by the latter to the English squadrons in the Plata.
The Lisbon papers begin to speak very indig- nantly of the conduct of the government of Spain. One of them demands, with great rea- son, what Spain could expect from the ruin of Portugal? Is it for the interest of France, that Spain, strengthened by the union of Por- tugal, should rise to an equality, or at least nearer to an equality with the French Empire? Or is it not rather the interest of France that the contests of Spain and Portugal should so ex- haust the strength of both as to render both of them an easy spoil to their stronger and wiser neighbour? The Prince of Peace will do well to consider this. The present season is very critical; an error may be committed in a mo- ment which an age would not repair.
The occupation of Alexandria, we under- stand, was hastened by a fortunate mistake. It was not intended to take possession of it, until a rupture between this country and the Porte had actually taken place. M. Italinski, the Russian Ambassador, after leaving Constantinople, proceeded to Malta, where he saw Admiral Duckworth, and having declared to him that war was inevitable, the latter communicated the intelligence to General Fox, who immedi- ately acted upon it. The consequence was, as is seen in the articles of capitulation, Alexan- dria was taken possession of as a conquest at a time, when, if Admiral Duckworth's negotia- tion had succeeded, we should have been at peace with the Porte. It is fortunate, that this misunderstanding has hastened an event, which subsequent occurrences rendered indispensably necessary. Lon. Paper.
PHILADELPHIA, August 7.
INTERNAL CONCERNS OF ENGLAND.
The following extract of a letter, from a re- spectable and intelligent correspondent in Britain, contains a variety of information very interest- ing to Americans. A number of statistical facts are stated, that may not be known to the gene- rality of our readers; and the means employ- ed for supposing the manufacturing and agri- cultural interests of England, are worthy our own attention and example. This letter, as well as every other species of information that may be relied on, exhibits the dependence of England upon her manufactures, and shews not merely the utility but the necessity of keep- ing our custom.
The fact, we have so often over and over re- peated, that a non-importation would create infinite mischief in England, is now corrobo- rated from an authority on the spot. If the mere passage of the act could have stricken such a panic into the manufacturing interest, and lowered the prices of wool, flax, and hemp, besides wages, what must have been the effects of its operation for three or six months? And still more important for reflection, what must be the effects of a war? The hirings of Britain constantly ridiculed the non-importation act, but one fact has more weight than volumes of their sophistry; they wrote for those, who knew little more than themselves.
We have long been of opinion, that if the non-importation act had not been suspended at a- ny time, it would have been much better; the British ministry have been waiting for events, expecting to take advantage of a favorable oc- currence on the continent to make us feel their revenge; they wished to put off the evil day when our act should go into force, and there- fore they agreed to a treaty; but the moment they found we had voluntarily suspended the non-importation act, and that affairs went on as usual in England; they added a clause to the treaty, they rendered it null in fact. We have so constantly heretofore been alternately tortur- ed and capriced by this government, that it was time for a crisis like the present to have arrived, to release us from shame and enslavement. Aurora.
EXTRACT.
"Our labouring poor are not much better than in the days of old, when they got only half of the wages they get now. Most work is now done by the piece and not by the day; of course a man does a great deal more than he did for- merly, and all hands are constantly employed. Did the labouring poor do as little work as they did in the days of old, they would starve now. It indeed surprises me that wages of all sorts are not higher, when it is considered how many hundred thousands are now employed in ex- peditions as militia, volunteers, soldiers, sailors, and making of war-like instruments, ball, pow- der, &c. &c. and yet more goods are made than ever were made before in Britain. This pro- ceeds entirely from our immense quantity of labour saving machines, in almost every branch of manufactures. It is said the labor saving machinery of Britain and Ireland, does the work or labour of above ten millions of people. The
expenses of erecting these machines are great. Our numerous banks, the funding the bank of England and making its paper by act of parlia- ment, a tender equal to gold and silver—have greatly enriched the nation; the banks now keep a few bank of England notes by them, and when gold is demanded they present them; hence no person going abroad can get specie, and is obliged to buy some manufactured goods and sell them to the best advantage he can where he is going to.
"At the same time our manufactures are pro- tected by very high duties upon foreign goods of the same sort. Agricultural societies have got up in every county, and larger ones, such as the Highland Society, which extends over all Scotland, and the board of agriculture, (sup- ported by government) who are over all Britain, & give about 3 or 4000 pounds yearly in premiums —There are also in Scotland, the trustees for fisheries and manufactures, who often give premiums for agricultural articles; for instance this year (1807) they have given premiums for sowing fax-seed and producing flax, to the amount of 1500 pounds sterling, for we wish to have the raw produce of every manufacture; although it is an absurd attempt in my opinion, for were we to grow all the flax we make use of from Holland and Russia, we would need to import more provisions. The society at Lon- don also for encouraging arts and manufactures, gave lately their gold medal (honorary) value 50 guineas, to several noblemen and gentlemen, for planting great numbers of trees on their es- tates. They also give premiums to introduce the manufacture of raw silk—it has been found that the extension of our immense profit made by them to the nation, produce a rapid improve- ment of our lands. Two pounds of fine Ameri- can cotton, that will cost the British about two thirds of a dollar, are manufactured and re- turned to you in a fine flowered and sewed mus- lin, worth thirty dollars, and half of the labour done by machinery."
"I am happy to see your worthy president has by the powers lodged in him, again suspen- ded the non-importation act until December; before which time matters will, I hope, be fi- nally settled. You can scarcely think what a panic it struck into our manufactures the end of last year, when they thought your non-importa- tion law was to be put into execution; and be- fore the secretary of state, on the last day of December, sent notice to the lord mayor of Lon- don that the treaty was signed. It had so much alarmed the manufacturers, that it had lowered the price of sheep, wool, flax, and hemp—as well as the wages of the laboring poor employ- ed in the manufactures you had prohibited— but on the above notice being sent, things and wages immediately got up again."
"I hope your prohibiting act, will never take place."
NEW-YORK, August 8.
By the ship Pallas, Everett, which arrived last evening in 42 days from Liverpool, the Editor of the Mercantile Advertiser has received a Lon- don paper of the 29th of June, and a Liverpool paper of the 15th, (16 days later than our for- mer London advices.)
Captain E. left Liverpool on the 27th June, but did not bring any papers later than the 20th, nor any verbal news from the French and Rus- sian armies.
The following are the only articles of moment our papers contain:
LONDON, June 20.
The first division of the Expedition failed yes- terday morning from the Downs for Straitsund. It consisted of the 6th, 7th, and 8th Regiments of Infantry of the German Legion. The division on that has failed is under the command of Gen. DRECKSELE. A second embarkation will take place in a day or two.
We have extracted from the foreign papers some interesting intelligence relating to the movements of the Servian and Turkish armies. The affairs of the former are not quite so depe- rate as they are represented in the Monitor. The situation of Michelson, and the Russians, we are in hopes, will prove not to be worse than that of their allies. The retreat from the Danube was absolutely necessary on his part. The principal Turkish army instead of proceed- ing to attack him, marched towards Ismail, which was far in the rear of one of his wings. Had they reached that point, the safety of the whole of Michelson's corps would have been endangered.
Admiral Sir Thomas Duckworth attended yesterday at the Admiralty, and had a long con- ference with the Lords.
The Marquis of Huntly does not go with the Grand expedition: that gallant Nobleman is now appointed on the staff of the army in the Mediterranean, in the room of Major General Wauchope,

TRIAL OF AARON BURR,
(CONTINUED BY ADJOURNMENT, AND HELD AT THE CAPITOL, IN THE HALL OF THE HOUSE OF DELEGATES,) FOR HIGH TREASON AGAINST THE UNITED STATES.
TUESDAY, August 11.
The proceedings of this day were principally confined to the cases of the jurors, who were yesterday suspended for a subsequent examination.
The first case which was mentioned, was Mr. G. W. Smith's.—Mr. Burr observed, that as some real or fictitious difficulty had occurred in the selection of jurors, he should be extremely sorry that such as are impartial, should object to themselves. Should Mr. Smith, however, raise such objections, he himself should certainly submit to the decision of the court, as he wished to stand in their eyes as perfectly passive.
Mr. Smith did not know whether he deserved such an encomium on his impartiality; but he was certain that the arrangements of his legal business would not permit him to attend this trial with any convenience. He should therefore claim the privilege of exemption, to which, in his opinion, he was entitled as a practising lawyer in that court.
Ob. Justice. This privilege would certainly exempt Mr. S. unless his attendance had been claimed by the prisoner. As col. B. has waived this right, Mr. Smith is certainly excused from attending.
The next case, which occurred, was of Mr. James Henderson, of Wood county, who had been absent on Monday. Mr. Botts challenged him for cause; and enquired whether he was a freeholder? Mr. H. I am not. He was consequently set aside.
Mr. Hamilton Morrison, one of the suspended jurors, being called up, observed to the court, that he should with pain serve on the jury; for the defendant had so many imaginary thoughts against him, as to make that service disagreeable. He had not meddled with the prisoner's transactions; but should have done to if it had been profitable to him.—Mr. Burr. Have not these rumours excited a prejudice against me in your mind? A. I have no prejudice against you.—Mr. Botts. Are you a freeholder? A. I have two pots for land. Q. Are you worth 200 dollars? A. Yes; I have a horse here that is worth the half of it. Q. Have you another at home to make up the other half? A. Yes; four of them. I am not astonished at their willing to set me aside. Perhaps my christian name is a sufficient terror. Mr. Burr. I think that remark is a sufficient cause for objecting to him. I therefore challenge you. This was the first peremptory challenge which the prisoner had made out of the 35 to which he is entitled; and Mr. Morrison was of course set aside.
Mr. Thomas Crouch (another of the suspended Jurors from Wood county) was next set aside by the court.
John H. Upshaw was then called up; when the Ch. Justice wished to know whether Mr. U's impressions had related to treason, or to what circumstances? A. To the transactions in the western country. Q. Did your opinions amount to the charge of treason? A. My opinions have changed, as the lights of evidence seemed successively to rise upon me. It was my first impression, that col. B. had nothing more in view than the settlement of the Wahita lands. I next supposed, that it was his intention to conquer Mexico; and last of all, that his plans were of a more complicated nature; and that the taking of New-Orleans was to be a step towards the invasion of Mexico.—Mr. Wickham. Did you think, Sir, as the result of all these considerations, that col. B. was a dangerous man? A. I did.—Mr. McRae. Have you formed or delivered an opinion, that he was guilty of the act charged in the indictment? A. No: I have neither formed nor delivered such an opinion.—Mr. Baker. Have you in your part of the country supported the ground that col. B. was guilty? and have you thought, on the presumptive evidence that was before me; and I have not only supported such opinions; but have gone on to vindicate the energy of the measures that were taken by the government.—Mr. Burr. Enough, I think, has appeared to prove that Mr. U. has taken up deep-rooted prejudices against me.—Mr. McRae. Have you any personal prejudices against the prisoner? A. None: I have no prejudices against him, but from his supposed designs against his country. Mr. Burr. Had you not taken up some prejudices against me anterior to these rumoured transactions in the western country? A. I had formed impressions rather unfavourable to you, from your conduct during the pending presidential election of 1801: but I had no positive evidence on that subject.—Here Mr. Upshaw was suspended; to make way for a general argument on the doctrine of challenges.
Mr. Martin rose to proceed with this argument: He stated, that it was one of the fundamental principles of law, that every man had a right to be tried by an impartial jury; that this rule was as well applicable in civil as in criminal cases; but that in criminal cases, it had been particularly secured by the constitution. Mr. McRae apologised for interrupting Mr. Martin; but begged leave to enquire, whether it would not be a living of time, first to know the objections of all the jurors, and then to hold one general argument to settle the principles that would be applicable to all; instead of thus holding an argument on each particular case as it might successively occur.—Mr. Martin. And does the gentleman, Sir, pretend to dive into our hearts that he thus understands whether we are to hold twelve separate arguments? He talks, Sir, of economy of time. And is this the way to economize it? I had a specimen of this mode when I was here on a former occasion. Yes, Sir, I well know how these gentlemen would save our time. They would, if they could, deprive Col. B's counsel of an opportunity of defending him; that they might as soon as possible hang up their victim to gratify the feelings of the government.—Mr. McRae. That is a most unprincipled and unfounded allegation; I lay it, Sir, to his face.—Mr. Burr. We have entered into this argument, because we thought it more precise to fix the principles on this subject at once; and then to apply these to the particular cases.—Mr. Hay. It is our wish, Sir, to pursue this enquiry as soon as possible, and to save time: but, Sir, it is impossible for us to hear such gross insults as have been cast upon us; insults, which are offensive to humanity itself.—The Chief Justice had hoped that no such allusions would have been made: The government ought to be treated with respect.—Mr. Burr had hoped, when he was up before, that he had made sufficient apologies, were any necessary, for any expressions which had been used; and that no allusions would be made to the subject: In his own person he had
LONDON, June 2.
On Thursday, an appeal from a decision of the High Court of Admiralty came on to be heard before a numerous meeting of the lords of the council, at their office in Whitehall, of the utmost importance to those concerned in the neutral trade, the law of nations, and commerce in general. The question principally depended upon the present mode of proceeding in blockading ports. The settling of this question has been looked forward to those concerned in the business for several years past. It arose out of the order of the council for the blockade of the Dutch ports.
The appellant in the cause was John Wolff, the master of the Patrioten, on behalf of himself, for the ship and cargo on behalf of Danish subjects the owners thereof. The respondents were Lieut. Henry Hawes, commander of his majesty's hired armed lugger Phoenix, the captor, and James Hefeltine, esq. his majesty's Proctor-general.
It appeared, on behalf of the appellant's case, that the Patrioten was a Danish ship, the property of Lars Borretsen, of Drammen, in Norway, which, in the month of July, 1793, was laden at that port with a cargo of fir, barks and deals, the produce of Norway, the property of Mrs. Elizabeth Holter, of Drammen, consigned to be delivered at a market in Holland, and the ship was accordingly proceeded thither, when she was captured on the 10th of August, following, by his majesty's hired armed lugger Phoenix, Lieut. Henry Hawes, commander, upon the high seas, about 6 or 7 leagues to the northwest of the Texel, on Friday the 10th of August, about ten at night, because she was bound to Holland, and upon suspicion of her cargo being Dutch property, and she was brought into the port of Yarmouth; that she failed under Danish neutral colors, and that no other colours on board; that there was not any resistance made at the time the vessel was taken. The captain found that the appellant's (the master of the vessel) papers endorsed by the lieutenant of the Proferpine, occupied in the blockade, and that she was not to enter any port of Holland.
The following is the order of council for the blockade, under which authority the respondent acted:
"The undersigned secretary of state of his Britannic majesty, has received orders to inform count Wedel Jarlsberg, his Danish majesty's envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary, that the king has thought proper, without delay, for the defence of his states and the security of his subjects, to make use of all the means which the superiority of his navy puts in his power, and for that purpose to cause the inlet of the port at the Texel to be strictly blockaded, which shall be maintained and executed in the most exact manner, according to all the customs of war, and in such a manner as has always been done on like occasions.
In conformity hereto, count Wedel Jarlsberg, is requested that he will be pleased to inform the Danish consuls and merchants who reside in England that the aforementioned port at the Texel island shall be looked upon and regarded as blockaded, and that, from this day's date, no neutral ships shall be at liberty to put in there, on any account, or under any pretext whatever, and that all the measures which the law of nations, and the treaties subsisting between his majesty and the different powers authorise, shall in future be taken and executed, with respect to such ships as are defined to the aforesaid port, or after the publication of these presents, may endeavour to run in there."
(Signed) GRENVILLE. Downing-street, 11th June, 1798."
The appellant, on his voyage, did not alter his course upon the appearance of his majesty's lugger the Phoenix, and his course was at all times, when the weather would permit, directed for Vlie; and she was distant from thence about six or seven leagues, & her course was not altered, at any time, to any other port or place, except when she put into Torgersen, by stress of weather. She was boarded on the ninth of August, by an officer belonging to his majesty's ship the Proferpine, who warned the captain and told him he must not go into any port in Holland, on account of their being blockaded.
The officer examined the ship's papers, and found that she was bound generally to some port in Holland, and that the whole of the cargo belonged to Magdalena Elizabeth St. Holter, except 12 dozen of ufers, which belonged to Johan Wolff, of Drammen, in Norway, the master of the vessel. After the officer had examined the bill of lading, he put the following endorsement upon it:—
"Warned off the Fly Island, and all other ports and inlets in the Zuyder Sea, by his Britannic majesty's ship Proferpine."
After which, on the 11th instant, in the evening, she was stopped, and detained in going into the Fly Passage by the Phoenix lugger.
Several witnesses proved that the Patrioten was built at Drammen in the year 1783, and that the cargo was to be sold in Holland, at a market, to the highest bidder, and if an immediate sale could not be procured, it was to be left in the custody of Jacob Thyman Laakeman, an agent. The whole was proved to be Danish property.
At the hearing before the judge of the admiralty, the claim and proofs were read, and advocates and proctors on both sides, thereon, by interlocutory decree, rejected the claim for the ship, and the master's private adventure, and pronounced the same to have belonged at the time of capture and seizure thereof, to enemies of the crown of Great Britain, and as such, or otherwise, subject and liable to confiscation, and condemned the same as good and lawful prize, taken by his majesty's hired lugger Phoenix, Lieut. Henry Hawes, commander; and in respect to the cargo, directed a certificate to be exhibited by the captors, as to the time when the blockade of Amsterdam was publicly notified by his majesty's ministers, and reserved the adjudication of the cargo till such certificate should have been exhibited.
On the 22nd of February, 1799, the case came before the court again, for a further hearing, when a certificate, that the blockade of the Texel was notified to count Jarlsberg, his Danish majesty's minister at the court of Great Britain on the 11th of June, 1798, signed by George Hammond, esq. the under secretary of state.—The advocates and proctors on both sides were heard upon the production of the certificate; after which rejected the claim for the cargo, and, by interlocutory decree, pronounced the said cargo to have belonged, at the time of the capture and seizure thereof, to enemies of the crown of Great Britain, and as such, or otherwise, subject and liable to confiscation; and condemned the same as good and lawful prize, taken by his majesty's hired armed cutter the Phoenix, Henry Hawes, commander.
From this decree the appellants appealed. Sir John Nicholls, the king's advocate, was heard by their lordships for near two hours, in support of the decree. He argued in favor of the notification of the blockade, and that the bill of lading merely stated that the Patrioten was bound generally to Holland, without mentioning any particular port; and that the cargo being eventually consigned to Jacob Thyman Laakeman, without stating his residence was proof of the commander being informed of the blockade; he therefore prayed their lordships to confirm the decree of the court of Chancery.
Dr. Lawrence was heard for upwards of two hours for the Appellants. The learned doctor commenced with stating the very great importance of the question which their lordships were called upon that day to decide, which had been looked forward to by foreign ministers, and the mercantile world, for four years, for a full board of the privy council to decide, as to this day it remained undecided what a blockade meant; it was therefore, an entire new question.—He stated, that blockades had originated from the military system of warfare, in besieging towns; but in a military siege, an enemy knew the force they had to contend with; but, in modern blockades of ports the commander of a lugger boards and attacks a poor neutral, tells him the port to which he is bound is blockaded, and he must not enter it. The poor foreigner probably hears it, for the first time, and after all does not understand the language sufficiently to be aware of the consequence. The blockade of the
Texel was certainly too general a term for any man to understand. It never could have been the intention of government to have blockaded every little port in the Zuyder Sea. Foreign courts had not sufficient notice of a blockade before they could bind their subjects. It had to go as far as Copenhagen, Constantinople, &c. To constitute a blockade, it is necessary that the place be invested with a sufficient number of vessels that are stationed to prevent any communication with the port blockaded, and he contended that one vessel was not sufficient to constitute a blockade. He argued that there was no right in this or any other country to order a blockade, but for the purpose of annoying an enemy in warfare, and not cases of commerce, and to interfere in the trade of neutrals except for their own safety. He argued at considerable length the great hardships of neutrals, and if there was not a free passage for them there was strong cause for compensation. To induce the penalties of a breach of blockade, there should be proof both of an actual blockade then existing, and of the actual or presumptive knowledge of the blockade by the party charged with violating it; and the learned doctor contended that there was no proof in this case. Officers and others, employed to carry a blockade into effect, cannot, at their own pleasure, and for their own profit, vary and extend the operation which has been notified by the government from which they derive all their authority. The notification of a blockade having the effect of a penal law, ought to be strictly construed in favor of those upon whose property a disobedience or neglect of it, even by their agents, is so heavily to fall; and the public notice given by his majesty's government to the Danish minister, did not either in words, or even in any fair interpretation to be collected from the motives there assigned for the existence of the blockade, contain any prohibition of entrance by the Vlie Passage. His majesty's government, after the blockade of the Texel was declared, continued to give licences to neutral ships, to go from this country through the Vlie Passage, and fifty-two licences were granted. A public notice does not carry with it conclusive proof, however it may afford some presumption of an actual blockade; and from the evidence in this cause it appears, that no actual blockade of the Vlie Passage then existed.
The case occupied the attention of their lordships from ten o'clock to near four, when the appellants having finished, their lordships consulted for a few minutes, and deferred their decision upon the question to a future day.
N. B. The decision of this important question was considered so great, that the late ministers, and all the members of the privy council were summoned to attend, the following were present—Earl Camden, the President of the council, the lord chancellor, the master of the rolls, the duke Montrose, viscount Castlereagh, and two others. The American ambassadors attended, and paid very great attention to the whole of the proceeding.
June 3.
Yesterday morning the court met again, to proceed further in this important cause. There were present—the lord chancellor, the duke of Montrose, earls Camden, Bathurst, and Clancarty, lords Hawkesbury and Mulgrave, and the master of the rolls.
Sir John Nicholls, the king's advocate, was heard at considerable length for the respondent, in reply to Dr. Lawrence, for the appellants.
The learned gentleman contended, that every thing that had been done by the respondents was agreeable to the law of nations. He agreed with his learned friend in some points, viz. that it was necessary to ascertain that there was a blockade—and also who constituted a blockade—but he denied that it was necessary to have such a number of ships to blockade a port, as in the case of a besieged town. He observed, that it had been decided in that court, in the case of the Columbia, that a ship quitting her port, and bound for a blockaded port, made her liable to confiscation. He contended that it was not necessary that any number of ships should be fixed upon to constitute a blockade, but that the number shall in all cases depend upon the times and circumstances. In the blockade, in this case, there was a large fleet, but it was not necessary that they should all be all together; they were distributed in various parts. In the case of admiral Jervis and general Grey's proclamation for blockading the West India Islands, that was not held good because it was not accompanied by an act. The government did not allow of such a blockade, without using proper means to enforce it. The Judge of the admiralty had very leniently settled it, that a cargo was not liable to confiscation—when the master of the vessel was a mere carrier. But that was not the present case—the cargo was consigned to the master, and he contended that the notification had been issued time enough for him to have known it before he had failed from his own port. He therefore prayed their lordships' affirmation.
The court was then cleared, and their lordships deliberated for upwards of an hour. On the re-admission of strangers, the lord chancellor took a general view of all the circumstances of the case, and laid great stress upon the master having unlimited power to sell the cargo. His lordship read a translation from the French of the copy of the notice of the blockade, sent by lord Grenville, then secretary of state for foreign affairs to the Danish and all the foreign ministers. He then took notice of the vessel being boarded off the Fly Island by the Proferpine, and of the notice of the blockade being indorsed on her papers, &c. This his lordship considered the best possible evidence. His lordship said, the Board had taken into consideration the questions and points stated by the counsel on both sides, and were of opinion, that a blockade did exist at the time in question; that the notification was duly given and properly acted upon—that the notification was properly given to the vessel in question, and that she was properly warned of it—that the detention of the ship was fully justified; and that the cargo not being entrusted to the master, merely as a carrier, was properly confiscated.
The Register of the admiralty then generally pronounced their lordships' affirmation. This cause excited much interest in Doctors' Commons, that the Court was crowded with junior proctors, most of whom took notes.
A great number of causes of a similar nature, which have been increasing several years past, are in some degree settled by this decision.
JUST RECEIVED AND FOR SALE, BY FITZWHILSONN & POTTER, Price 25 Cents, A Treatise on the Nature and Subjects of CHRISTIAN BAPTISM.
LIKEWISE a new edition of the AMERICAN PRECEPTOR, and a general assortment of other School Books, which will be sold cheap, and the Trials of the Hon. James Workman and Col. Lewis Kerr at New Orleans for High Misdemeanor. They have also Music and Musical Instruments, Paper Hangings, Patent Razors and Pen-Knives, Ladies and Gentlemen's Pocket-Books, and a fresh supply of Fool's-Cap and Post Paper. July 31. epbw.
NOTICE. INTENDING to leave this state in the course of the present month, I have authorised Mr. John Gilchrist to receive any debt due me, and also to discharge any demand that may be against me, during my absence. Wm. KERR. Manchester, August 11. 419
When Commodore Douglas heard that Capt. Decatur was preparing Gun-Boats and a Floating Battery to attack him the first calm that should come, he tacked about and set off. The defence of our waters, together with the aid of the militia, includes the defence of our towns, for if our waters are defended our towns are defended in consequence.
I now come to speak of a matter that has not yet been spoken of, and which, from the necessity of the case requires to be taken into consideration, which is, To determine what part of the Public Defence belong to Congress and what part to the States individually.
Defence may be comprehended under two general heads.
First—Moveable Defence, including Ships and Gun-Boats.
Secondly—Stationary Defence, including Fortifications and Batteries.
The first—Ships and Gun-Boats, belong consistently to the United States assembled in Congress, because they can be moved to the protection of any of the States as circumstances may require.
The second—Fortifications and Batteries, belong to the States individually, because they cannot be moved, and are particularly for the benefit of the place where they are erected.
When this division is made, Defence will go easily on; but at present it is somewhat in a state of confusion. We have projectors who project without either calculation or judgment, and then expect that Congress will do the work.
The annual revenue of the United States is about twelve million dollars arising from imports. A great part of this is appropriated to pay the interest of the National Debt, incurred by the war and the additional debts contracted during the unwise administrations of Washington and Adams; another part is applied to pay off the capital of that debt, and when these things are done and the current expenses of the general government defrayed, there is not a sufficiency left to construct even the necessary quantity of defence our waters require, otherwise than doing it by degrees. It is therefore better that the land works be left to the States individually, for if Congress were to do it, they must lay on new taxes for the purpose.
AN OLD FRIEND OF '76.
From the (N.Y.) Evening Post.
MR. COLEMAN. As shameful attempts are making to dishonor the United States, by misrepresenting the nature of our controversy with Great Britain, respecting Seamen, the following summary observations may be acceptable to some of your readers.
The British Navigation Act, passed in the reign of Charles 2d, requires that the master and three fourths of the marines of British ships, shall be British subjects.
But this fundamental regulation, is by a Statute of the 13 of Geo. 2d limited to periods of peace. During any wars in which Great Britain is engaged, it is sufficient if the crews of her ships are composed of one fourth natives or even naturalized mariners. Provision is even made for allowing a less proportion than one fourth in certain cases.
But though during war no more than one fourth of the crews of British ships are required to be native British or even naturalized subjects, yet at all times, the principles of the navigation law, are enforced in respect to "foreign vessels trading to Great Britain." These principles require, that the "master and three fourths of the marines shall be subjects of the countries to which the foreign vessels belong."
By a permanent Statute, "all foreigners who served in the merchant ships or privateers of Great Britain, are exempted from being impressed into the King's service, and for their security are entitled to protections from the Admiralty.—Vide 13. Geo. 2.
Foreign Seamen, who serve faithfully for two years, during a time of war, on board any public or even private British ships, are by law, deemed "natural born subjects of Great Britain."—Vide 13. Geo. 2d.
It will then be seen, that naturalizing seamen and granting protections for the purpose of detaching them from their natural allegiance, are not as they have been called, "American Inventions."
The impressment of seamen is contrary to the genius of the English Law, and no such right has ever been vested by Statute, though its existence at common law, may be inferred from several Statutes, limiting the exercise of impressment. Seamen above 55 or under 18 years of age, apprentices, ferrymen and fishermen, and all persons of whatever age, for two years after first going to sea, are exempted and entitled to protections. No law (unless one has been recently enacted) has ever existed for compelling deserters to return to service, except on board the King's ships. British sailors who have even signed articles to serve in British merchant ships, cannot be compelled to a specific performance of their contracts, and are only liable to confinement for a short time as a punishment for desertion. A deserter from a foreign ship, cannot be arrested in England, & returned to his duty. Any seaman, may leave his service in a private vessel, at any time and enter on board a King's ship, without forfeiting his wages or being deemed a deserter.
There is nothing in the British Statutes or public regulations, which countenances the impressment of seamen, from British vessels on the high seas, and no such right in respect to foreign vessels is recognized by the Law of Nations.
From this representation, it is evident that the British have no right to complain of our laws which on the subject in question, are more liberal than their own, nor ought any modification of them to be expected, but solely on the ground of reciprocal benefit.
The former administration offered the British Government a stipulation for the mutual surrender of all deserters, on condition that they would abstain from the impressments from our vessels on the high seas: If the present administration have made a similar offer, they have done enough; more ought not to be conceded in any event. A government which will not protect the personal liberty of its subjects is unworthy of support.
There is something inexpressibly disgusting in the attempt now making to deceive the people by representing this as a controversy for the protection of British mutineers and deserters; nothing more liberal was perhaps to be expected from certain mercenary minions of British influence among us: but Americans ought to be ashamed of such base and unfounded suggestions. On this question they can find no room to hesitate whether they shall support the cause of their country: To recommend a submission to British injustice because our administration has submitted to French and Spanish injustice, will be to establish a principle which must in a few years deprive us of every vestige of our rights and place us humble slaves at the feet of some usurper: No! while we would prefer peace with honor, let us spurn it if connected with unequal or degrading conditions: Let us say with the proud spirited Romans—"We will not dispute about the qualifications of a Master; we will have no Master." CAMILLUS.
Jersey, where an inquest was held. On examination, it appeared that he had shot himself through the head with a ball from a large horse pistol, which tore off part of his ear. His name was J. A. Bettell, a foreigner about the age of 20 years. Two letters were found in his pocket, one addressed to the person who might find his body, the other to a gentleman at Brooklyn. In those letters he signifies his intention of destroying himself; that he was tired of his life—and could not bear the idea of his beloved (whom he styles his Matilda) being in the arms of another. In one of the letters is his will bequeathing two thirds of his property to Matilda, and the remainder to the family of the gentlemen above named. The letters are dated the 27th ult. and it is supposed he perpetrated the horrid deed on that day. On Monday afternoon he was seen near the monument with a book in his hand, and on being observed, drew his hat over his eyes. The book was found on the ground by his side, and was 'The Sorrows of Werter.' It lay open at the place where Werter writes to Charlotte.
"They are loaded—the clock strikes twelve—I go Charlotte, Charlotte! Farewell! Farewell!"
That and several other passages in the book, corresponding with his unhappy situation, were marked by him with a pen.
August 3.
Extract of a letter from Messrs. John Roff & Co. merchants at Malta, to merchants in Newburyport, dated May 23.
"We regret to inform that the ship Massachusetts, Buntin, has been detained and brought in here by an English privateer, while proceeding on a voyage from Leghorn to Manfredonia, in ballast. The U. S. agent, (W. Higgins, esq.) has come forward to protect the property, and has lodged a claim in the Vice Admiralty court for the vessel, &c. and given bail.
"In consequence of the decree of Bonaparte declaring Great-Britain and her colonies, in a state of blockade, the English government by way of reprisal, have published an order of council, prohibiting the trade between any two ports where the British flag is not permitted to enter; and it is, we believe, upon this legislative order, that the Massachusetts has been detained.
"P. S. June 5.—We are sorry to inform, that the Massachusetts has, by sentence pronounced this day, been condemned."
Merc. Adv.
A letter, dated June 6, from the same, advises the owners to appeal, and they are allowed twelve months for that purpose. Ib.
Extract of a letter from captain John Buntin, of the ship Massachusetts, condemned at Malta, dated June 5.
"This place is full of prize vessels, and coming in daily. There are 18 sail of Americans sent in here, some with valuable cargoes, and it is considered that there is not much short of 600,000 dollars worth of American property detained and condemned in this port." Ib.
August 4.
MIRANDA.—By a gentleman lately arrived from Trinidad we are informed, that Miranda was still at that place, and that he was waiting for intelligence and assistance from England, for the purpose of making a further attempt on the Spanish Main.—Many are of opinion that he has a British commission, and acts under the orders of that government. No expedition appears to be fitting out from Trinidad for the Main at present. People's Friend.
Letters from Liverpool mention, that but few goods will be shipped for America this season, owing to the unsettled state of affairs between this country and Great Britain. Ib.
August 6.
Captain Abeel, informs, that the British frigate Mediator, with one million of dollars had just arrived at Jamaica, from La Vera Cruz—and, that the frigate Diana, captain Mailing, from England, had also arrived and proceeded for La Vera Cruz, having on board the son of Sir Francis Barring, of London.
Defence of the City.—We understand that government have at length begun to shew they are somewhat in earnest. Their attention it seems is first directed to Governor's Island, in a line with Ellis Island, where labourers are now employed, making and sinking Blocks from the Point to the edge of the Channel.
It would seem that the commissioners appointed to superintend fortifying the port of New York, have not thought proper to adopt any of the numerous plans that have been presented for their consideration; but are going on upon the old original plan of their own, and have actually commenced building and sinking Blocks from Perkin's Point on Governor's Island, to the edge of the channel. On this Point we understand is to be erected a strong Fort, which will amount to 50 heavy guns and upwards. E. Post.
FROM THE (N. Y.) PUBLIC ADVERTISER.
OF MATTERS, WORTHY OF PUBLIC CONSIDERATION.
AS several matters of great importance will come before Congress at its next meeting, it may be of use to call the public attention to such of them as appears to be foremost.
The phrase, "within our own waters," is often used; it is therefore necessary it should be defined. Congress ought, and undoubtedly will, determine what the extent of our waters is.
Admiral Berkeley's orders, dated Halifax, June 18, in consequence of which the outrage on the Chesapeake was committed, under the assumed authority of searching our national ships, as if our national ships were to be under the orders of a British Admiral, says, "The captains and commanders of His Majesty's ships and vessels under my command are therefore, hereby required, in case of meeting the American frigate Chesapeake at sea and without the limits of the United States, to throw to the Captain of her this order," &c. Now the fact is, that Douglas's squadron did not meet the Chesapeake at sea. The squadron came within our own waters to wait for her and followed her out to sea.
This is an additional cause that Congress should determine what the extent of our own waters is. The armed ships of foreign nations have no right to come within our waters, without first obtaining our consent and declaring their object; but the bullies of the Ocean, such as Berkeley and Douglas, come within the Chesapeake and lay there, as if the Chesapeake belonged to the British government.
The last accounts from Halifax, say, that Admiral Berkeley was repairing the Ville de Milan frigate, and was going as soon as possible to the Chesapeake to take the command of the British squadron.
Now, after what has passed, it would be an act of hostility in Berkeley to come within the Chesapeake, and I hope by the time he comes we shall have Gun-Boats enough to make him repent it the first calm that comes. Every calm is a day of triumph to Gun-Boats, and calms will certainly come.

carefully avoided such language, though the prosecution had certainly furnished him with good reasons for it; and when it had been used by his counsel, it had met his decided displeasure. He again repeated his hope that no allusion would be made to the past; he would answer for it that his own counsel should furnish no occasion for censure. Mr. Martin declared that it was not his wish to hurt any one's feelings; but that when he was so often interrupted and accused of a disposition to waste time, he could not repress them. As to the point before the court, what does the constitution most emphatically require? That the jury should be impartial; that they should have no impressions on their mind to the prejudice of the prisoner; but that they should come here to take all their impressions from the facts exhibited on evidence and upon oath. To this effect he would take the liberty of quoting Reeves's History of the English Law, vol. 1, p. 329 and vol. 2, p. 446, and Carey's English Liberties, p. 245, 248, 249, to prove the rigid degree of impartiality required by the laws of England. These authorities would show that a jurymen ought to be completely indifferent to either party; that he ought to have neither enmity nor friendship; and that even a particular familiarity and at the same time, was sufficient to disqualify him. But if a man was to be divorced of all affection and all relationship in a civil case, how much more should he be in that situation, in a case of life and death? It was one of the most sacred maxims of the law too, that every man was presumed to be innocent, until there was sufficient evidence produced to remove this presumption. Mr. M. did not understand this halving and quartering of prejudices. It was not sufficient that this man should have one fourth of the prejudice of that; or that he should be 3/5ths or 4/7ths less prejudiced than another; but the law requires that he should be wholly and perfectly impartial. The constitution forbids courts of justice ever forcing upon a criminal any juror that is not perfectly unbiased. Gentlemen may say, indeed, that we must either take such men, or have no trial at all. But it was not so: he should contend that under the constitution a man should not be tried and hung because a court cannot get impartial jurymen to try him. The spirit of that instrument declares, that no man should be tried, until he could be tried by an impartial jury. Mr. M. quoted 2 McNally, page 667 to show, that a trial may be put off on an affidavit, if the public mind is so prejudiced by publications, as to exclude the chance of a fair trial. To the same effect also he cited the case of the King vs. the Dean of St. Asaph; and the case of Brookes and others, where the trial had been put off to another term, because an imperfect statement of part of the evidence had been given to the public; that public, from which the jury was to be selected. What is the situation of jurymen in the present case? They are to determine upon the subject matter growing out of transactions in the western country. These gentlemen may say that they are satisfied of Col. B's treasonable purposes: It would be enough if they had conceived that these purposes were dangerous; because it is the court, which is to give a name to these crimes. Can then a man, whose mind is impressed with an opinion of certain practices dangerous to the union, be locked upon as an impartial jurymen? His mind is already half made up; and that half is perhaps the most material part. The acts themselves might be innocent if uncoupled with the intentions: 20 boats assembled at Blenheim's Island, and their crews armed with rifles, are as harmless an apparatus, as if the men were going to shoot game: but it is the intention which stamps them with a different character. Men whose minds are made up as to the intentions, need only have proof of certain acts; and the business is done. The constitution and common sense both require that a jury should be as free from impressions as to designs as to overt acts. The principle is the same as in a case of Burglary:—It is to be lamented that the public mind is in the state, which gentlemen have described; but it is certainly not so to the extent which they have represented. The 48 men who are on this panel, are not an accurate specimen of the whole state. And who is it that commenced with these inflammatory publications? Was it Col. B's counsel? No; it was the public papers, under the patronage of the administration. And it was the gentleman on the other side who has contributed to keep up this spirit. It was his zeal; it was he, who was supposed best acquainted with the evidence against him, that pronounced upon his guilt and prepossessed the public mind against him. No man can be looked upon as impartial who has been prejudiced by such publications. Mr. Bots observed, that every crime consisted of a great many component parts; and the question was, when upon Analysis a jurymen lays he has not committed himself upon 2 or 3 of these points, he can be regarded as an impartial Jurymen. The intention is certainly a most important feature in the crime: Fix upon 12 Jurymen, whose minds are made up as to the designs and Col. B. is already half condemned. These men would be prepared to find a verdict of guilty if the acts only could be proved, when 12 other impartial Jurymen might be willing to acquiesce in the evidence of the acts, when they could not be satisfied from the testimony, that there was the least guilty intention. With what face could Col. B's counsel stand before a Jury thus predetermined, urging upon them an innocent intent? Mr. Burr rose to narrow the argument, not to extend it, not to add any thing more, but to throw out of the discussion what had been accidentally introduced. That the public mind was prejudiced against him was an obvious fact; but how this prejudice had been produced, he knew not. He had not wished this point to be at all introduced.—Certain analogies had been introduced between treason and other crimes. It was his hope, that the Court would, for the present dismiss such analogies, as they might be hereafter confined into opinions. It was evident enough that no Jurymen could be impartial whose mind was made up as to the intention. In the case of slaying, for instance, the act might be differently construed. It may be a murder: it may be, a clergyable felony. Could a Jurymen be considered as impartial, that thinks the accused person guilty of a murder: intent? Mr. McRae stated that it had never been his wish in this controversy before the court, to wander from the way, in order to defend a government, that needs no defence; or to give an unuseful wound to the bosom of the prisoner. He had most studiously avoided to excite the resentment or disturb the feelings of the opposite counsel. Frequent as had been the occasions when he was prompted to imitate their example; he had carefully avoided profiting by the opportunity; unless on one occasion when he had been forced to retaliate the attack. He should not, however, always pursue this course, if some of the opposite counsel should still persist in disregarding the admonitions of the court. He should attempt to retort with the force which such attacks deserved in every case, and more especially in cases of this description. He declared before that court, be-
fore that people, and before the God of his being, that he had never felt the inhumanity of demanding the blood of the prisoner; of any human being. That man was a stranger to him, who should attribute to him such a disposition. He wished the prisoner to have an impartial jury; and if there was a single one among those set over, who was not impartial, who was not capable of passing between the U. States and A. Burr, he requested the court to reject him. As to the principles stated by Mr. Martin, he did not intend to controvert them. He only differed with him in their application to the present case. Which of these jurymen has informed the court, that he has an ill-will against A. B.? a personal prejudice? and that on the question of treason, he has a bias against him? It is true, they have formed some opinions about his intentions; but they have received no evidence on which they can form any opinions as to the question of actual treason. And as to these intentions, they may have related to other acts, than those charged in the indictment; to acts done without the district; which are not now before this court. The distinction which they have drawn between intentions and acts is perfectly clear and rational. These jurymen prove that they have adverted to this distinction, because they quote the opinion of one of the judges now on the bench, who has formally adopted it. And if this impartiality does not reside in the bosom of the judge, what reason is there to ascribe it to the minds of the jurors? Mr. Hay admitted that the prisoner was entitled to an impartial jury; but the question was who was an impartial jurymen? He must be one, said Mr. Hay, that partakes of the common sentiments of the majority of the people among whom he resides. Will the court undertake to say, that the majority of this district is incapable of judging properly? If so, he would unite with Mr. Martin in saying, that it was a libel on the state; and the majority would very truly return the compliment, by saying, you alone who brand us with this censure prove by this very act the prejudices with which you yourself are actuated. The opposite counsel have spoken of news-paper publications. He would venture to say that there is not a man of however remove a situation, or of supine a disposition, who has not received some impressions on this subject. These impressions were taken up without any sentiment of ill-will to the accused; or without even knowing him. Is it reasonable then to pronounce, that with these impressions the majority is incapable of deciding fairly? There may perchance be some ignorant man who has received no impressions on this subject, some solitary hermit that is shut up in the hollow of a tree; some human being cut off from all human concerns; into whose solitary bosom the history of these transactions has never yet penetrated; but such is not the picture of the world at large. Our society is divided into two great parties; he knew that these two were not to a man united on this occasion; but he knew too that there was not a man among them, who had not taken his side, one way or the other. Some authorities had been cited from Reeves and McNally; they did not bear upon this case; but he should cite two others which did. The first was the case of Calender, where it was supposed sufficient to ask the jurymen, whether he had formed and delivered an opinion on the point at issue. The other was from 2 Hawkins, ch. 48, p. 418 on the subject of challenges, where it is said to be no good cause of challenge, that a man is a jurymen on an indictment similar to that on which he has already found a verdict.—Mr. Hay commented upon these authorities at considerable length. (A sketch of the remarks of Messrs. Wirt, Wickham and Randolph, in our next.) The Chief Justice observed, that the sole object of the constitution when it required an impartial jury, was to have a fair trial; that is, that no man should sit as a jurymen, who was not ready to judge by the testimony. Why were the most distant connections excluded? Not because they were connections, but because the law presumed that they would not hear the testimony impartially, as those who were not in that relation. Very probably the man himself might think that he was capable of giving a fair result—but the law will not admit of an exception.—Now; it would have been strange if the law had excluded a connection on the supposition that this might have influenced his judgment, and yet would have been regardless of a man's having actually formed and expressed an opinion on the subject? It has been said (and perhaps truly said) that in such a case as the present, an absolute state of indifference cannot be obtained. There certainly are cases, where the law must bend to positive necessity; but then this necessity must first be proved, before it can be proper to bend the law to its dictates. (The Chief Justice illustrated these positions by the Rebellions of England and of Ireland.) The alternative, would in such a case be, either to have no trial at all, or to have it decided by partial jurymen. But the principle of law does not certainly bend, until it be established that all mankind are impressed with prejudices. This brings us then back to the law; and that disqualifies every man from serving, who has made up and declared an opinion as to the whole case itself. The court has not said, that every slight impression brings him under this disqualification. There are different degrees of impressions. If these are so strong as to combat all truth and evidence; if they dispose a man, to one side with great complacency, and to resist the other with great force; reason declares that such a man is an incompetent jurymen. If a man declares, on a trial for murder, that he knows not whether the man was killed, but he was sure that the prisoner had malice prepense and was determined to kill him, he is clearly an incompetent jurymen. The same principle is applicable to the cases of Burglary, and uttering false money. As to the particular case, relative to the intentions of the prisoner, the court is of opinion, if a man thinks that the prisoner has been machinating treasonable designs up to the time charged in the indictment, that in this case the impression is too strong to be consistent with that fairness due to the prisoner. In this case, the court is of opinion that the jurymen ought to be set aside. The Chief Justice made many additional remarks; and then proceeded to apply his opinion to the cases of the jurymen, who were suspended yesterday. 1. John H. Upshaw, Ch. Justice. Did you conceive that the prisoner was pursuing his treasonable designs up to the time charged in the indictment? A. Yes. C. J. Mr. Upshaw is not then qualified to serve, because his opinion of the treasonable design has extended through the whole of these transactions. 2. Miles Selden; 3. Lewis Troutman; 4. William Yancey; 5. Thomas Proffitt; 6. Nathaniel Selden; 7. John W. Ellis; and Armistead T. Major, were successively set aside. Mr. Hay then moved the court to award a new venire; and for such a number, as would probably supply the number of deficient jurymen. He conceded that this number ought to exceed even the first panel. Perhaps 150 would not be too few.—Mr. Burr was sorry that any such inferences should be drawn from that panel. He conceived that very different ones ought to be made; and that when it was once demonstrated, that the officer of this court was honestly to seek for proper jurymen, the number could easily be completed.—Mr. Wirt hoped, that when informations were thus thrown out against the marshal of the court; a man of as respectable a character as any in the state; he might be called in to justify himself.—Mr. Wickham objected to this panel, that it contained too many members of assembly and candidates for public office. The marshal should have gone among those, who were not so much in the habit of expressing their political opinions.—Mr.
Wirt appealed to the panel itself as the best proof of the intelligence and integrity of those who had been selected. It had been announced from the bench itself, that some very complicated doctrines of treason were to be settled during the trial: it was natural therefore that the marshal should look out for the most enlightened men; and that he should light upon some of those very persons, whom the people had before selected for their public concerns. The Ch. Justice stated, that the difficulty of getting jurors was now in some measure removed, as the opinion of the court was now known and the marshal would not summon a man, whose opinions he had previously understood, although he might not then interrogate him on the subject; and he would have a good reason for not placing him on his panel, if he should inform him that his opinions were strongly in conflict with the test laid down by the court. After a deliberatory conversation, the court awarded a venire for 48; and then adjourned. THURSDAY, August 13. Mr. Burr observed, that just before coming into court he had received a copy of the panel awarded yesterday. It was deficient in not having the places of residence affixed to the name of the jurors. He should perhaps require till the day after to-morrow to examine it. After some conversation, the court determined to adjourn till Saturday 11 o'clock. Some conversation then ensued respecting the Subpoena Duces Tecum, when Mr. Hay stated that he had found Gen. Eaton's letter, among certain papers transmitted by Mr. Rodney, and had filed it with the clerk. As to Gen. Wilkinson's letter of the 21st October, he had not found it among those papers; but would seek for it again. ERRATA—The report published in our last paper was struck at a heat, and was not even submitted to the Editor's inspection before it was put to press. He therefore corrects the two following Errata, and supplies the omission of Mr. P's remarks. In Col. Carrington's remarks, the word "not" is improperly introduced between the words "did" and "seriously." The passage will then read "if Gen. Wilkinson did seriously believe what he said had been represented to him as the views of Col. B. Col. C. would then consider as an extreme case" &c. At the commencement of John Horace Upshaw's remarks, the word "not" ought to have been introduced; and then they would have read, "he did not conceive himself to stand there as an unprejudiced jurymen." When R. E. Parker was about to be sworn, he observed to the court, that some Gentlemen had just been rejected who appeared to him to be so similarly circumstanced with himself in regard to their feelings and opinions, that he had feared the court and Mr. Burr had not clearly understood his late declarations. It therefore was a duty he owed to Col. Burr and himself to state more particularly, before he was sworn, his sentiments and impressions, lest he might have been misunderstood. He had said, and he would repeat it, that strong impressions unfavorable to Col. Burr, had been and were still entertained by him. He had frequently in conversation declared, perhaps, warmly declared those impressions. It was true they had been made by news-paper evidence, since he had never heard a witness examined on the question, but that evidence had impressed him with the belief that Col. Burr had been engaged in enterprises contrary to the laws and to the interests of the U. S. He had, for example, read depositions, which he believed to be true until the contrary was proven, although on that point he was open to correction.—Concerning the doctrine of Treason, moreover, he had formed no settled opinion.—It was unnecessary to go further in detail, but was ready to answer any question Col. Burr or his counsel thought proper to ask.—Col. Burr observed that from the gentleman's candid declaration he saw no reason to change his opinion of him. He was willing to rely upon his integrity and honor and therefore accepted him. The very interesting decision of the lords in the council in the case of the Patrician Jettie at once the British doctrine of blockade and levies another proof of the disposition of the British government to trample on the rights of neutrals. A VOLUNTEER ASSOCIATION. Every one fees and acknowledges the strong probability of a rupture with Great-Britain. The requisition by the President of our quota of one hundred thousand men to be held in readiness, and his call of Congress by Proclamation, are sufficient proofs that he, who fees and understands the whole ground, entertains the same impression.—The Secretary of War, in his letter to the governor of this state, which has been published, says that volunteers will be received under this call; the governor of the state has, in his general orders, expressed his hope that the whole quota of the state, will be filled by volunteers; the administration of the United States have since earnestly pressed the state Executive to encourage the Volunteer service. Hence it is evident that volunteers are not only preferred to drafted militia, but anxiously desired both by the federal and state Executives. The reasons are obvious:—to go into the service will not be equally convenient to all. Their respective occupations and pursuits in civil life; the state of their health; the state of their families; the state of their affairs, and a thousand other circumstances, will necessarily make a wide difference amongst the individuals of society, in relation to this subject. To some it might be ruin and death to go into the service; to others it might produce very little inconvenience; to others none at all; and to others again it might be a source of pleasure. This difference of convenience will naturally produce different degrees of willingness to join the service. A draft will pay no respect to these considerations: it will light with the impartiality of death, on the willing and the unwilling; it may take the honest labourer from the business by which he gains the daily bread of a numerous family; it may take the man of weak constitution and precarious health; it may tear the husband from the chamber of a sick wife; the son from the bed of an aged and infirm parent, who may lean upon his piety alone:—Whereas voluntary associations by taking only those whose circumstances and cast of character render military service a pleasure, actually lightens the hardships of war, in a national point of view; while at the same time, it collects together the most willing and ardent spirits, only, and consequently forms the most effective army.—But militia companies being formed by districts, it is rarely to be expected that a whole company, with its proper officers, shall enjoy those circumstances of convenience; which will induce it to move in a body, into a service of any length. Hence the act of Congress of the 24th of February last, contemplates volunteer associations distinct from the militia of the state: such are the associations which the Executive of this state has been requested to encourage. These voluntary associations do not by any means interfere with the militia arrangements; the rank of no militia officer can be affected by it; since even the volunteer recruits, themselves, are directed by the act of Congress before mentioned, to remain in their several militia companies and do duty, as heretofore, until called out into actual service; and as to the officers who may be commissioned in the volunteer associations, being destined only for a specific purpose, they can have no collision,
for rank with the regular militia of the State; and their commissions expire as soon as the purpose for which they go forth is answered. Officers now in the militia, whose circumstances or inclination it may suit to raise a company of volunteers, may take a commission for the latter purpose without forfeiting their regular commission, until called out into actual service; for the reason that until this call takes place, the act of Congress declares that the militia arrangements shall be in no wise affected; and even then, no otherwise affected than by having detached from its body the volunteers who have previously associated: if at the call, militia officers move off in this association, then, and not till then, their regular commissions will be vacated and their places supplied. Several citizens of the State following up the wishes of the Federal and State Executives on this subject, for the purpose of extending and accelerating these volunteer associations, have projected a plan to raise a sufficient number of companies to form four regiments. This plan has been submitted and approved by the proper authorities both of the union and the commonwealth:—Its operation has begun by several commissions being issued to captains for the purpose of enabling them to form their companies. The subjoined form of a letter will explain more particularly the objects of this plan. As the number of men proposed to be thus raised will be far short of the quota required from the state, a large and honourable field will be open to other associations, and those who may be disposed to enter it, will certainly receive from the State Executive, that countenance which the Federal Executive so warmly exhorts them to afford. It will be observed that the object of this association goes beyond that of the Secretary at War as explained in his circular letter to the governor of this state: for he therein refers to two acts of Congress as furnishing the terms of the volunteer service which he contemplates: the one term being six months: the other twelve: whereas this association is for the war, if war shall be declared. There is no interference therefore, between this association, and those volunteers under the secretary's call, whose acceptance has been deputed to the major-generals of the state. Suppose that instead of eleven thousand, thirty or forty thousand should tender themselves; when all our claims are before the Executive, it is to be presumed those will be accepted, whose offers go farthest toward the great object, for which the call has been made. In the present case, commissions to captains to enable them to raise their companies, have gone out from the Executive, merely because these were the first applications within the object of the act of Congress, and in harmony at the same time with the militia arrangements under the federal and state laws:—These commissions therefore ought to act as an encouragement to others to plan and submit similar or different associations promotive of the benefit of our common country. Sir, Richmond, August 10th, 1807. TO YOU, the enormities of Great Britain towards the U. States of America, require no recital. They have at length been carried to a point from which there is no receding, without cowardice and dishonor, on the one side or the other. War is believed to be inevitable. It is not necessary that the growing prosperity of the U. States, should be long interrupted by it. A few vigorous strokes in the commencement, supported by correspondent energy in the councils of the nation, will probably decide the war. To lower her arrogance and bring her to treat us with justice, Great Britain requires only to be convinced, that we are in metal, as we are in blood, the children of those heroes who made her boasted Lyon By, in dismay, in every part of the continent, and ultimately couch down in submission and captivity at their feet. It is important that we should give her this conviction in the outset, and give it to her so deeply, that her memory will not require to be refreshed again, during the present century. Under this impression, we have resolved on an effort to raise a corps of volunteers for the war; and to render it as effective as possible, to have the corps not only officered, but as far as practicable, the ranks filled with characters selected for intelligence and solid principles of morality. We cannot boast of military experience; after four and twenty years of peace, it is to be apprehended that few, very few, remain, who can boast of it, and who, at the same time, have enough of youth and health to enter on the toils of another war. And if they did, we ought not to desire it. The warriors of our revolution, have done their part. They have done it gloriously. They have given us a great and heroic example of the manner in which a country's rights and the rights of man should be defended against the unfeeling influence of proud and usurping tyranny: and it ought to be matter of triumph to us, that there are any of them who do survive, to witness that we are worthy of the rich inheritance which their valor has bequeathed us.—LET US DESERVE IT! And although at present inexperienced in military tactics, we believe that the mere mechanism of an army, will be soon and easily acquired by that zeal which the cause is calculated to kindle and to support. The means of discipline are already obtained. The project has the sanction of the proper authorities, both state and federal. We shall be received as volunteers, under the act of Congress of the 24th February, 1807, for twelve months; and in the event of a war declared against Great Britain, shall be placed, in grade among the first, on the regular establishment, for the war. It is proposed that the corps shall be a Brigadier's command: consisting of four regiments, with a just proportion of cavalry and artillery attached to each; that each regiment shall consist of two battalions; each battalion of five companies: each company of fifty-four privates, and that the whole shall be officered as to the number, titles and rank of officers, on the plan of the present regular forces of the United States, or such other plan as Congress may hereafter prescribe. It is proposed that the four regiments shall be commanded by the underwritten, ranked in the order in which their names stand: that the battalions shall be commanded by majors, designated by the colonels and approved by the executive of the state, and that the command of the brigade shall be conferred, as soon as it can be regularly done, on the colonel of the first regiment. This arrangement having been already suggested to and approved by the executive of the state, as well as that of the union: each captain, lieutenant and ensign, who accepts a commission under the association, will be understood as pledging himself, on honor, to do whatever shall be necessary on his part, to carry the whole arrangement completely into effect. It will also be understood, to be an engagement, upon honor, of all the officers in the brigade, that they shall adhere to, abide by, and obey whatever rules shall be adopted by a majority of the field officers, for the harmony and good order of the brigade. What effect a body constituted of such materials, and organized upon such principles is calculated to have upon an enemy; what spring the appearance of such a brigade, armed and uniformed in the field, is calculated to give to the spirit and emulation of the nation; and how the fraternal intercourse of such a band will be calculated to soften the toils and sweeten the perils of war, a few moments' reflection will convince you. Having thus developed to you the structure of the brigade and the object for which it is destined, you are invited to accept of a command in the regi-
Your commission is enclosed. If you accept, you will notify your acceptance by an endorsement on the back of this proposal, which is to be returned to us—and will immediately proceed to recruiting. If you decline accepting, you will be pleased immediately to announce it to us and to return your commission. We are, Sir, with great respect, Your fellow-citizens, The subscribers being a committee appointed for the purpose of arranging and superintending the entertainment proposed on Saturday next, in complement to the Volunteer Companies, who marched from this to Norfolk, beg leave to notify the citizens and strangers, who may incline to unite on the occasion, that a subscription paper is kept by each of the Committee, and from whom all subscribers will obtain Tickets of admission for the day. James Penn, Daniel Triplett, Sam. G. Adams, E. W. Rorer, Hes. Miley, Jas. Jackson, Hugh Davis, Orris Paine, Alex. Quarrier, Sam. Glass, Chas. Tompkins, Hyman Marks. DINNER will be at Buchanan's Spring, Saturday next, and on table precisely at 5 o'clock. By the Committee of Arrangement. FOR BOSTON, OR ANY PORT NORTH OF HUDSON: THE Brig Nancy, Capt. Benj. Wormsted. Will sail within 10 days. For freight or passage, apply to the Capt. on board, at Young's Wharf. August 14. PROPOSALS, For carrying MAILS of the UNITED STATES, on the following routes, will be received at the General Post-Office, until the 15th of October next. 1st. From Peterburg by Harrisville, Goldsborough, Drummondburg, Warrenton, Lewistown, Raleigh and Averboro, to Fayetteville, three times a week. Leave Peterburg every Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 8 a. m. arrive at Warrenton, same days by 8 P. M. Leave Warrenton every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday at 8 a. m. arrive at Raleigh same days by 6 P. M. Leave Raleigh, Wednesday, Friday and Monday at 8 a. m. arrive at Fayetteville same days by 5 P. M. Returning—Leave Fayetteville every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday at 4 a. m. arrive at Raleigh same days by 6 P. M. Leave Raleigh every Wednesday, Friday and Monday at 8 a. m. arrive at Warrenton same days by 6 P. M. Leave Warrenton, every Thursday, Saturday and Tuesday 1 a. m. arrive at Peterburg same days by 8 P. M. 2nd. From Fayetteville by Lumberton, Barefields Mills, Ports ferry, Gafques and Georgetown to Charleston three times a week. Leave Fayetteville every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday, at 4 a. m. arrive at Ports ferry on Wednesday, Friday and Monday by 6 P. M. Leave Georgetown, every Thursday, Saturday and Tuesday at 2 P. M. arrive at Charleston same days by 4 P. M. Returning—Leave Charleston every Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 5 1/2 a. m. arrive at Georgetown same days by 6 P. M. Leave Georgetown every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday at 2 a. m. arrive at Ports ferry on Wednesday, Friday and Monday by 6 P. M. NOTES. 1. The post master general may expedite the mails and alter the times of arrival and departure at any time during the continuance of the contracts, he stipulating an adequate compensation for any extra expense that may be occasioned thereby. 2. Fifteen minutes shall be allowed for opening and closing the mails at all offices where no particular time is specified. 3. For every thirty minutes delay (unavoidable accidents excepted) in arriving after the time prescribed in any contract, the contractor shall forfeit one dollar; and if the delay continues until the departure of any depending mail, whereby the mails destined for each depending mail, lose a trip, an additional forfeiture of five dollars shall be incurred. 4. Newspapers, as well as letters, to be sent in the mail; and if any person making proposals, desires to carry newspapers, other than those conveyed in the mail, for his own emolument, he must state in his proposal for what sum he will carry them with the emolument, and for what sum without that emolument. 5. Should any person making proposals desire an alteration of the times of arrival and departure above specified, he must state in his proposals the alteration desired, and the difference they will make in the terms of the contract. 6. Persons making proposals are desired to state their price by the year. Those who contract will receive their pay quarterly, in the months of August, November, February and May, in one month after the expiration of each quarter. 7. No other than a free white person shall be employed to convey the mail. 8. Where the proposer intends to convey the mail in the body of a stage carriage, he is desired to state it in his proposals. 9. The post master general reserves to himself the right of declaring any contract at an end, whenever one failure happens which amounts to the loss of a trip. 10. The contracts for the above routes are to be in operation on the first day of January next, and to continue in force until the 31st day of March, 1810. GIDEON GRANGER, Post Master General. General Post-Office, Washington, July 31. } (Aug. 14) epfw. RACING. Will be run for over the Mansfield course, on Thursday the tenth day of September next. THE Jockey Club Purse, two mile heats; worth 180 dols. And on Friday the 11th, an elegant Saddle, Bridle, &c, will be run for, one mile heats, with a catch on each. HENRY RANDOLPH. Amelia, August 14. 119. FOR SALE, TWO hundred and fifty acres of LAND, situate in Henrico county, on the Williamsburg road, about three miles from Richmond, and adjoining the plantation of Alex. George, Esq. Also, three parcels of Ground, lying below Gillie's creek, at Rock's in the city of Richmond. Also, one Share, in the James River Canal Company. Which estate was devised to William Nicholson, by the last will and testament of George Nicholson of said county, deceased. The said estate is highly valuable, and will be sold cheap for cash, or negotiable notes, with approved indorsers. Apply to OLIVER B. HAYES, at the Washington Tavern, Richmond. August 14. epft. BOMBARDMENT OF TRIPOLI. THE public are respectfully informed, that on Tuesday next, (August 18,) a representation of the bombardment of Tripoli, by the American squadron, will be exhibited with a display of fire-works and pyric fire, (unknown here.) Particulars and the place of exhibition will be expressed in the bills of the day. August 14. 119.

Miscellany.
From the Charlton Courier.
OBSERVATIONS,
ON THE USE OF THE BARK, OR THE ROOT OF THE LIRIODENDRUM TULIPIFERA,
On Poplar Tree, communicated in a letter, dated November 25, 1792, to his Excellency Dr. Joshua Clayton, Governor of the State of Delaware, by Dr. J. T. Young, of Philadelphia.
The Liriodendron Tulipifera, Tulip or Poplar Tree, grows throughout the United States of North America; there are two kinds commonly called the white and the yellow; the wood of the white is hard, tough and weighty; that of the yellow soft and brittle; the former is found in high, the latter in low situations. The best time to procure the bark for medical purposes is in the month of February, as the sap at this time being more confined to the root of the tree, than to any other part, increases its virtues in a great degree. It possesses the qualities of an aromatic, a bitter and an astringent; the bitter quality is greater, the astringent less, than in the Peruvian Bark. It likewise possesses an aromatic acrimony; hence I infer, it is highly antiseptic, and powerfully tonic. The aroma appears to reside in a terebinthinate substance, which by stimulating the intestines causes it to operate as a gentle cathartick. In a number of cases I found the bark would not bear the bark in substance until a few drops of laudanum were added to each dose. I have prescribed the Poplar Bark in a variety of cases of the intermittent fevers, and can declare, from experience, it is equally efficacious with the Peruvian, if properly administered in the intermission, and provided an Emetic has been given to clear the first passages of bile or any accidental crudities. In the remitting fever, I have used it with the same success as in the intermittent; in one case attended with a quick weak pulse, foul parched tongue, and sick stomach, I administered this remedy for two or three days; but having used all I had in the house, was obliged to have recourse to the Peruvian Bark, which was given with little effect, but continued until I obtained a fresh supply of the Poplar, which completed the cure of my patient. In inflammatory diseases, where the phlogistic diathesis is not present, and where a deficiency of action in the arterial system has taken place, this Bark is of service, by giving tone to the stomach and vigor to the whole body; I have prescribed it in the Pneumonia Notha, with the most happy effects, having previously made use of venesection. In the Sclerotica Angiostica, I have also used it, after subduing the inflammatory action of the system. I have experienced its utility in a case of passive Hemoptysis in a mask-maker. In the Phthisis Pulmonalis attended with hectick fever, night sweats & Diarrhea, when combined with Laudanum, it has frequently abated these alarming and troublesome symptoms. I effectually cured a Mr. Kifer, 50 years of age, who was afflicted with a Catarrh and Dyspeptic symptoms for 5 years, which baffled the attempts of many physicians and the most celebrated remedies, by persevering in the use of the Poplar Bark for two weeks. I can assert from experience, there is not in all the Materia Medica, a more certain, speedy and effectual remedy in the Hysteria, than the Poplar Bark, combined with a small quantity of Laudanum. I have used no remedy in the Cholera Infantum but the Poplar, after cleansing the Primae Viæ, for these two years.
It appears to be an excellent vermifuge; I have never known it fail in a single case of worms, which has come under my observation; I prescribed it to a child of this city, when convulsions had taken place. After taking a few doses, several hundreds of dead Ascarides were discharged with the stools. In Virginia it is given to horses who are affected with the bots.
With respect to the Pharmaceutical treatment of the Poplar Bark, I shall say nothing; the dose of the powder to an adult, is from a scruple to two drachms; it may likewise be used in extract, in a spirituous tincture; in infusion, or in decodion, but its virtues are always greatest, when given in substance.
Thus Sir, I have given you a general account of the virtues of the Liriodendron Tulipifera; I would have added the particulars of every case, but do not wish to trespass on your time, devoted to more important purposes.
One more observation I shall add; should a general use of this Bark take place, instead of the Peruvian, it would have a tendency to render the citizens of America less tributary to foreign nations, as thousands of dollars are sent out of this country annually, for the latter article; hence it becomes the policy of our financiers to take such measures as would have a tendency to increase the consumption and extend the use of the indigenous productions of America, not only in medicine but the arts.
Reply of Governor Clayton to the above.
DEAR SIR, Your communication on the effects of the Poplar bark, gave me singular pleasure. I was pleased to see the introduction of a substance in medicine into practice, the growth of our own country; by which the citizens of these States will probably in future, save an immense sum of money. During the late war, the Peruvian bark was very scarce and dear. I was at that time engaged in considerable practice, and was under the necessity of seeking a substitute for the Cort. Peru. After making several experiments with different barks of the trees of our own country, my attention was drawn to the Poplar, by seeing a publication of the late Dr. Chalmers, of South Carolina, upon that subject—I conceived that the Poplar had more aromatic and bitter than the Peruvian, and less astringency.—To correct and amend those qualities, I added to it nearly an equal quantity of the bark of the root of Dogwood, and half the quantity of the inner bark of the white oak tree.
This composition, with respect to bitter, aromatic, and astringency, was nearly similar to the true bark, and this remedy I preferred for several years, in every case in which I conceived the Peruvian bark necessary or proper, with at least equal, if not superior success. I used it in every species of intermittent, gangrene, mortifications, and in short, in every case of debility. It remains to determine whether the additions of those barks to the Poplar increases its virtues or not—This can be done only by accurate experiments in practice.
I shall be glad, at all times, to receive any communication you will be pleased to make; and am, with any best wishes for your success and welfare. J. CLAYTON.
There is at the present time, a child of eight years old in the city of Montreal in Canada, who is undergoing the most wonderful natural operation which that part of the world has ever yet seen—For some time past, he has constantly had a complaint in his head which has been swollen to an unusual size. A few weeks ago, he was seized with the most excruciating pains in that part, and it was shortly after perceived that one of his under jaw bones was detaching itself entire from the head. In a fortnight, extraordinary as it appears, one of his under jaw bones did really come out entire, and the other under jaw is at this moment forcing out in the same way. The bone already out, is replaced by a new one; and it is apparent, that another one is forming under that which is now coming out. The boy eats very heartily, and except when he is in pain, plays about with his comrades as if nothing ailed him. The above may be depended upon as an undoubted fact; the parents of the boy are very respectable in society, and have shown the bone to many who have called on them. And its truth can be vouched by the most of the faculty in town, some of whom assisted Dr. Blake in extracting the bone already out, when it was nearly detached. Montreal Pops.
PRIESTLEY. We have received by a late arrival from France, an interesting pamphlet, entitled, "A Historical Eulogium on Joseph Priestley," read at the public sitting of the National Institute, in the Class of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, by G. Cuvier, perpetual secretary of that body. Translated by the Rev. D. B. Warden, M. A. Secretary to the Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States at Paris. We will give a few extracts from this Eulogium without delay. N. Y. Public Adv.
FOR SALE. WILL POSITIVELY BE SOLD, For ready money, on Thursday the 27th of August, on the plantation where Gideon Hatcher, late high Sheriff of Goochland county, lived and died, all the personal
ESTATE, —Of the deceased, consisting of— ABOUT two very likely SLAVES, Stock of every kind, household and kitchen Furniture, together with the Plantation Utensils. All persons having claims against said estate, are desired to bring them forward properly authenticated—particularly those originating in consequence of the delinquant of said Hatcher's late Deputies, who are first to be paid by—
THOMAS MILLER & JOHN BROWN Adm'rs. Goochland, Aug. 7. oaw5w4
CHEAP GOODS!! Under the impression of the most lively gratitude for the liberal support which his new establishment has met with, since its commencement in Richmond.
JOHN KING, RETURNS his sincere acknowledgements to the public, and hopes to merit a continuance of their patronage. He respectfully informs them that he has just received an additional supply of— SEASONABLE GOODS, which with the former stock, he will continue to sell at the cheapest rates for cash. August 7. oaw4w.
A STRAY HORSE. Came to Col. John Taylor's plantation, in Caroline, on the 5th day of May last, A BAY HORSE, about 4 feet 5 inches high, 3 or 4 years old, a star in his forehead, and a snip inclining to the right nostril, a switch tail and long mane, pofed and appraised at 40 dollars. The owner is notified to prove property, and apply to the subscriber, on the above plantation. JOHN HILL. law8w4. July 28.
TREASURY DEPARTMENT. WASHINGTON, April 28, 1807. Public notice is hereby given, THAT in pursuance of a Resolution of the Commissioners of the Sinking Fund, at a meeting held on the 23rd day of March 1807, James Davidson Esq. Cashier of the office of Discount and Deposit at Washington, has been appointed agent under the superintendence of the Secretary of the Treasury, to make purchases at private sale of the eight per cent stock, on public account. Such persons, therefore, who are proprietors of eight per cent stock, standing on the books of the Commissioner of Loans for Virginia, and who may be desirous of selling the same, within the price limited by law, are requested to make application to the commissioner of Loans at Richmond, who will inform them of the course to be pursued.
It is further made known for the information of the parties concerned, that agreeably to a resolution of the Commissioners of the Sinking Fund, the principal of the eight per cent stock will be reimbursed to the respective proprietors thereof, on the 1st day of January 1809. ALBERT GALLATIN, Secretary of the Treasury oaw4t40. May 12.
LOAN OFFICE, STATE OF VIRGINIA, JUNE, 8, 1807.
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, THAT, in conformity with the provisions of the act supplementary to the act, entitled "An act making provision for the redemption of the whole of the public debt of the United States," books will be opened at the office of the commissioner of Loans for the state of Virginia, on the 1st day of July next, to continue open until the seventeenth day of March, 1808, inclusively, the fourteen last days of each quarter excepted, for the purpose of receiving subscriptions for such parts of the old six per cent stock as may be subject to redemption, and the amount of the said commissioner of Loans.
Those proprietors of the old six per cent. and deferred stock, who may subscribe, will receive in lieu thereof a new six per cent. stock, equal to the unredeemed amount of the stock surrendered, redeemable at the pleasure of the United States, under a proviso however, that no reimbursement shall be made except for the whole amount of any such new certificate of stock, nor till after six months previous notice; and the proprietors of the three per cent stock who may subscribe, will receive in lieu thereof, a six per cent. stock, equal to sixty-five per cent. of the amount of three per cent. surrendered, redeemable in the same manner as the new six per cent. above mentioned, but not reimbursable however, without the assent of the holders, until after the whole of the new six per cent. (given in exchange for old six or deferred as abovementioned) as well as the whole of the eight per cent. stock of the United States, shall have been reimbursed. It is also provided that in every reimbursement which may take place, a preference will be given to those creditors who may not notify their will to be reimbursed; and that if the applications to that effect shall at any time either exceed or fall short of the sum then applicable to that purpose, the priority of payment shall, so far as may be necessary, be determined by lot.
The present stock-holders who reside in any part of Europe, and may assent to that modification, may, at their option, receive the interest accruing on the new stock, either in the United States as heretofore, or in London, or Amsterdam, at par; in which last case, the interest will be paid there by the bankers of the United States, six months subsequent to the day, on which the same would be payable in the United States, and subject to no variation; nor to any other deduction than a commission to the bankers, of one half per cent. on the interest thus paid. JOHN PAGE, Commissioner of Loans.
NOTE. Proprietors of 1000 dollars nominal six per cent. stock, subscribed before the 1st October, 1807, will be entitled to receive, 649 62 of new six. If subscribed between the 1st October, and 31st December, 1807, 644 37 — between the 1st January, and 17th March, 1808, 619 03 — Proprietors of 1000 dollars nominal deferred, subscribed before the 1st October, 1807, will be entitled to receive, 853 78 — If subscribed between the 1st October, and 31st December, 1807, 853 62 — between the 1st January, and 17th March, 1808, 831 42 — Being the unredeemed amount of the old stock on the 1st July, and October, 1807, and 1st January, 1808, respectively. Proprietors of 1000 dollars three per cent. stock will be entitled to receive 650 dollars of new six. J. P. Com'r L's. oaw9m. June 10.
In pursuance of a Decree in Chancery, made by the Court of the U.S. for the 5th circuit, in the district of Virginia, at the Nov. term, in the year 1805, we shall expose to Public Auction, at this time and place hereinafter mentioned: TWO TRACTS, in the county of Goochland, one on Beaver Dam creek, containing 9 hundred acres; and the other called Little Island, containing ten acres, at Goochland C. house, on the court day thereof, on the 17th day of August, 1807. The dower of the widow of Wm. Ronald, will be first deducted, and the conditions, on which the said land are directed under the said decree, will appear therein and will be communicated on the day of sale. The terms of payment will be as follows—one fourth of the purchase money to be paid in cash, and the remaining three fourths in three equal installments of six, twelve and eighteen months credit. In all other respects the aforesaid decree will be pursued. WM. BERKELEY, JOSIAH ELLIS, } Commissioners. Wm. MANN. oaw4t40 June 20.
ROYSTON & BOHANNON. Respectfully inform their friends and the public generally, that they have just received a general assortment of
GROCERIES, which they will sell low for cash, country produce, or good acceptances in town:—
—AMONGST WHICH ARE— BROWN Sugar in barrels and hds. Madeira } Loaf, do. do. Sherry } Coffee in barrels and } Lisbon } bags. Assortment of Jugs 3 & 4 Imperial } gals. each. Young Hyson } Bekt Cognac Brandy, Hyson Skin } Holland Gin, Pepper, } Country ditto, Pimento, } Apple Brandy, Nutmegs, } Pint and 1/2 pint Tumblers, Antigua } do. do. Decanters, W. India } London Mudford by box, N. England } Playing Cards assorted, Molasses in hds. & bks. } Cotton do. of sup. quality, Whiskey in ditto, } A few pieces India Cottons, Sack Salt, } &c. &c. &c. Crates ware assorted, } with a number of other articles, which they Leeper's Snuff, } mean to keep constantly on hand. Hibbert's brown Stout } and Porter, } law8t. June 24.
FOR SALE, By the subscriber, three doors below the market bridge, 25 HDS. or CIDER VINEGAR, Of superior quality, which will be disposed of, on moderate terms, by wholesale and retail. SAMUEL WHITE. law8t. May 19.
TOBACCO LAND FOR SALE. In Amherst County, on Horsley's Creek—500 acres of RICH TOBACCO LAND, formerly the property of Mr. Daniel Warwick, and known by the name of Wincanton. This Land has the advantage of lying on the main road leading from Amherst Court-House to Waugh's Ferry, on James River, is a valuable stand for a country Store, with a framed house for that purpose, and sufficiently large, having two rooms below and two above flairs, with a good brick chimney and well underpinned with brick. Also, a Lumber House, sixteen feet square, with a cellar of its full size, walled up with stone. There is also a Taylor and Saddler's Shop, and other out Houses. Likewise a tolerable good Dwelling-House, with three Rooms below and two above flairs, a Kitchen, Dairy, and other out Houses within a mile of the Store, suitable for a private family. This Tract of Land is only seven miles from Bethel, where there is an inspection of Tobacco, and within eighteen miles of Lynchburg. As it is presumed no person will be inclined to purchase without viewing the premises; they will be shown by Messrs. Taliaferro and Loring, who live within a few miles of Wincanton, and are fully empowered to make sale, and the terms of payment may be known from them, as also on application to THOMAS GILLIAT. tdf. Richmond, June 20.
The above Tract of Land and improvements will be offered for sale at Amherst Court House, on Monday the 17th day of August next, (being court day,) on a credit of one, two and three years, if punctually paid, if not, to carry interest from day of sale. A deed of trust will be required on the premises or satisfactory security for punctual payment. N. B. There are 100 acres of James River Low-Grounds. NOTICE. THE debtors to the late firm of GILLIAT and KIRBY, are hereby informed that Thomas Gilliat alone is empowered to receive payment of all the debts due to that concern. All persons having demands against them, are requested to apply to Thomas Gilliat, and those indebted to the firm, are earnestly requested to come forward without delay and discharge their respective debts. For JOHN GILLIAT, AND SELF, THOMAS GILLIAT, JAMES KIRBY. ep3m4. May 29.
NOTICE. ALL persons having claims against the estate of JOHN M'CREDE, dec'd. or of GEORGE M'CREDE, dec'd. are desired to call on the subscriber for settlement, who is duly authorized as administrator of the former and executor of the latter: and all persons indebted to either of the said estates, are requested to make immediate payment. J. PENN. ep4w. July 17.
FOR SALE. TWO TENEMENTS, nearly opposite the Bell-Tavern, containing 32 feet front and 90 deep, at present occupied by Samuel Bell and Wm. Sanderson. Also a LOT, on the crofs street leading from the Bell-Tavern, containing 28 feet front and 40 deep—One third cash will be required, and 6 and 12 months for the balance. I am authorized to sell a BRICK HOUSE on Shockoe-Hill, conveniently situated for a family, for which good bonds will be taken. THOS. NORVELL. tdf. June 27.
FOR SALE, 175 Ton Liverpool Stowed Salt, 80 Do. Do. Common Do. 60 Pieces Sacking, 50 Crates well assorted Earthen Ware, On board the Ship Vigilant, Capt. Bolsworth, at Bermuda Hundred. Apply to, WM. BROWN & Co. July 8.
WASHINGTON TAVERN! ODEN & MOORE have taken the WASHINGTON TAVERN, adjoining the Capitol Square, lately occupied by Edward Hallam. At considerable expense, they have provided themselves with excellent accommodations for their friends, and invite their's and the public patronage. They are determined to keep as good a table and as genteel an inn as any in Richmond—Furnished ROOMS, adjoining the Tavern, and every necessary attendance, for families travelling—Both the Co-partners having been well-versed in this business, flatter themselves with the expectation of rendering general satisfaction. Richmond, February 17.
THOSE persons having claims against the estate of the late Lewis Harvie, are requested to bring them forward for settlement. EDWIN JAMES HARVIE, Esq. ep4w. August 4.
FOR SALE, A LIKELY Male SERVANT, who can come well recommended. For further particulars enquire of the Printer. July 15. tf.
WILLIAM HART, OPPOSITE THE SCALE-HOUSE, —HAS JUST RECEIVED,— 5000 wt. Salt Petred Ba- } Tea, 3000 wt. Coppers, } Green Coffee, 30 Boxes Liverpool Pipes, } Brown Sugar in barrels, 30 and long, } Loaf Sugar, Nutmegs and 30 Barrels Stod. } other Spices, } Scotch Barley, } London Malt, &c. } Hubberts London Brown Stout. Also: Amigua, W. Mland and } Philadelphia Porter, bottled N. England Rum, } by himself, Gin, Whiskey, C. Bounce, } Flour, Salt, Molasses, &c. } Queens Ware, of sup. quality, Imperial & Young Hyson } variety of other articles. All of which he will sell at the lowest ready money prices, or exchange for country produce. July 14. tf.
TWENTY-FIVE DOLLARS REWARD. Run away from the subscriber, living near New Castle, in the lower end of this county, on the 27th of March last,
Negro Man BILLY, about 50 years of age, and about 5 feet 6 or 7 inches high—he is of rather a delicate form, a little inclined to a yellowish complexion, and considerably marked in the face with the small-pox—his hair rather inclines to be bushy, this is not very long—he is a fellow of good understanding, a well-informed mind, and very pleasant in his conversation—he speaks rather quick & pert, and has a disposition to be very voluble. He no doubt will attempt to change his appearance, by altering his name, changing his hair for a wig, &c. He is pretty well known in most parts of this state, as well as in the Carolinas and Georgia, as the waitingman and fiddler of Mr. Nicholas M. Johnson, of whom I purchased him. His wife lives in Richmond, where he has frequently been since his elopement, and he has also been a part of his time in Petersburg, and his wife has a daughter, a free woman, living in Norfolk, where it is probable he has been also—though having no general acquaintance, there is no knowing where he will creep himself. I will give the above reward to any person who will deliver the said runaway to me, in Hanover. P. STREET. June 10. tf.
S. JACOBS. Being about to decline the DRY GOOD business, (in which he has been engaged for some time,) requests all those indebted to him to make payment, as suits will be instituted against all delinquents at the August term: and if any have claims against him, they shall be paid on being presented. —Lately received a well selected assortment of— GOODS, Suited to the present and approaching season which will be sold at the lowest possible price, —AMONG WHICH ARE— Ladies Kid and Mo- } Fancy and Leno Mullins rocco Shoes, best } and Veils, 2 bales Mowannas, } Check'd Silks, Shawls & 2 Do. Coffas, } Habit Shirts, 1 Do. fine blue Cotton, } Hosiery, Gloves & Cal- 1 Do. Checkes, } licoes, 3 Do. blue Gilly Handkfs, } Cotton & Silk Umbrellas, } Superfine and common 1 Do. blue Gilly Handkfs, } Clothes, &c. &c. } Gun Powder by the Keg. July 7. tf.
FOR SALE, THAT well known Tavern, in the town of Charlottesville, Albemarle County, formerly the property of Isaac Miller, and now in the occupancy of Mr. Triplett T. Etes, consisting of an elegant two-story House, sixty-six by forty feet, in excellent repair; in which there are on the first floor, four Rooms, a large and commodious bar, and a passage through the centre of the building, eighteen feet wide—On the second floor, eight lodging Rooms, four of which are sufficiently large for the accommodation of travelling families. Also, a dining Room, immediately over the passage, of the same size of the passage: the Garret is divided into six different Rooms, four of which have Fire-places. There is also, an excellent well of water in the back yard, from whence water is conveyed by subterraneous pipes to the Bar, and different parts of the Lot. There are also, convenient and well furnished Stables, with Stalls for about fifty horses, together with about thirty sheltered Stalls, raised on locust posts; and two inferior Stables; so that about one hundred horses can be accommodated on public days. Also, about seven acres of Land, adjoining the town, and very convenient to the Stables; known by the name of Clover Lot, extremely rich and productive, and well enclosed. The whole of the buildings are insured. It would be useful to dilate on the eligibility of this stand for business of this sort, or the real value of this property, as every person inclined to purchase will enquire in to these facts; suffice it to say, that it is not exceeded by any, & equalled by few in all the upper country. The former proprietor, & his immediate successor, having in a few years made fortunes, and retired, & the present occupant rapidly following their steps. For the information of strangers, it may be observed, that at this house stop both the Richmond and Fredericksburg stages, and by the same route passes a number of genteel families and others to the Springs every season. Also, at this place is held twice a year the District Court, composed of several of the most opulent Counties in Virginia. Also, spring and fall racing; these advantages, together with the County Courts, and one of the most public roads in the state, open a vast advantage to this house; it is now under lease to the present tenant for three years from October next, the benefit of which will be transferred to the purchaser, on the receipt of the first payment. Terms of sale, one third on the first of January next, and the balance in two equal annual payments from that date. Bond with approved security, and a deed of trust on the property to secure the payments, will be required, which are to bear interest from the date if not punctually paid will be required. If the above property is not sold before, it will be offered at public sale, on the premises on the fifteenth day of September next, if fair, if not, the next fair day. Stock of the Bank of Virginia, at its current value, would be received in payment for the whole, or any part, or undoubted bonds due at the time of sale, for the two last payments, the ultimate payment being made entirely secure. For further particulars, enquire of Nathaniel and Benjamin Sheppard in Richmond, or the subscriber living at Scotch-Town, in Hanover. JOHN M. SHEPPARD. ep155. June 19.
DR. THOMAS B. W. GRAY, RESPECTFULLY informs the public that he intends to practice Phyic, Surgery and Midwifery at Tappahannock, and hopes that by an unremitted attention to all the duties in the different departments of his profession, he will give general satisfaction, and merit the confidence and patronage of all those who may place to consult him. He also proposes to keep constantly for sale, and upon moderate terms, the various medicines which are generally known and used. July 3. 2m.
THE SUBSCRIBERS HAVE JUST RECEIVED A SUPPLY OF COLOGNE MILL-STONES, OF DIFFERENT SIZES, WHICH will be disposed of for Cash or approved negotiable Notes at 60 days. TAYLOR & BROWN. June 10. tf.
TO BE SOLD, FOR READY MONEY, In pursuance of a Deed of Trust, from David Rofs, Esq. bearing date on the 5th day of July, 1806, and recorded in the general court, in order to raise the sum of 57,768 25 100 dollars, and interest due on Sunday bonds, to Granberry and Hancock and to Littleton Waller Fitzgerald, and a further sum of 10,000 dollars, and upwards, with interest due also on sundry bonds, to the said Granberry and Hancock, and the charges and expenses of sale: THOSE well known MILLS with the appurtenances in the city of Richmond, called the Columbia Mills. Two undivided third parts of the Deep Run Coal pits, in the county of Henrico, containing about 1750 acres more or less. Two undivided third parts of the Falling Creek Coal pits in the county of Chesterfield, containing about one hundred acres. Two undivided third parts of the Dever Coal Lands in the county of Goochland, containing about ninety acres, which three several tracts of Coal Land were held in partnership between the said David Rofs and James Currie, dec'd. Also all that tract or parcel of Land in the county of Goochland, known by the name of Goochland court-house, containing about fifteen hundred acres more or less. Also twelve hundred acres of Land in Goochland county, called Howards Neck, before pledged to Gallagher and Gilson, for a debt due to them and secured by deed of trust, bearing date on the 24th day of May, 1806, and recorded in the general court. The Columbia Mills & appurtenances, are subject to a ground rent to Samuel Overton; and the said Mills and the two tracts of Coal Land, first mentioned, are pledged for the security of sundry sums of money, due to Mrs. Frances Tabb and Wm. B. Giles, administrator of John Tabb, deceased—a large proportion of which, is stated by the said Rofs to have been paid. & other estates are pledged for the balance. For further information on this subject, persons inclined to purchase, are referred to the said Rofs, or it may be obtained on application to the subscribers. The greater part of the debt due to P. Gibson, and secured by deed of trust above mentioned, bearing date the 24th day of May, 1806, has been paid, there being now a balance due him of only 1254 dls. 75-100 with some arrears of interest; a particular statement of which will be exhibited on the day of sale. The sales will take place at the Eagle-Tavern, on Tuesday the 15th day of September next. E. W. ROOTES, } Trustees. WILSON ALLEN, } tdf. July 11.
By virtue of a Deed of Trust, executed to us by Mr. William Skipwith, for the purpose of securing the payment of a certain sum of money, therein mentioned—our said Deed, on the 24th of the ensuing month, between the hours of three and five o'clock, p. m. proceed to sell, at the Eagle-Tavern, in the City of Richmond, to the highest bidder, for ready money, THAT valuable TRACT OF LAND, lying in the county of Cumberland, called MILL-MOUNT, containing seven hundred acres; the same having been conveyed to the said William Skipwith, by Col. Henry Skipwith. We shall likewise, should the above mentioned Land not produce the necessary sum, proceed in like manner to sell one other TRACT OF LAND, in the county of Amelia, containing one hundred and thirty acres, together with a Grist-Mill thereon. The said Land and Mill having been first conveyed to the said Wm. Skipwith by the said Col. Henry Skipwith. JOSEPH SCOTT, } Trustees. W. WARDLAW, } tdf. July 24.
LIKENESSES TAKEN & ENGRAVED, THE Subscriber begs leave to inform the Ladies and Gentlemen of the City of Richmond, that he takes and engraves LIKENESSES in a style never introduced before, in this country; he respectfully solicits from the inhabitants of this place, the same favor and patronage he has met with in the largest cities of the U. States, where he has taken a great number of Likenesses, copies of which may be seen at his lodgings in Mrs. Harris's House nearly opposite the Custom-House. The subscriber in order not to disappoint those who might have a desire to set for their Likenesses, begs leave to suggest that his stay in this place will be short. ST. MENIN. tf. July 17.
Pursuant to several deeds of trust, executed to us at different periods by Flemming Cayce, to secure monies due John Gilliam & Co. Ben. Parker, John Lackland & Co. and Henry D. Ence—we shall proceed to sell, at Cumberland Court-House, on Monday 24th August next, being court day, for the most that can be obtained in ready money, THE TRACT OF LAND, on which Cayce resides, lying about 3 miles above Cumberland Court-House, divided by the main road. This Land contains about 200 acres, the buildings are sufficient for the reception of two families, and is inferior to no country situation for an enterprising mechanic—a Negro woman Nancy and her Children, Ann, Harriot and Sally, with their increase since the execution of the deeds. Also, a Negro Man Stephen, a valuable blacksmith; or as much of the above named property as may effect the purposes of the respective deeds. JESSE MICHAUX, } Sureties. BERNARD SIMS, } Trustees. Cumberland, July 31. tf.
VIRGINIA, TO WIT: At a General District Court, held in the City of Williamsburg, the 23rd day of April, 1807. Robert Edwards, and Priscilla his Wife, Plffs. against James Ewell and Ann Robertson, executrix of the last Will and Testament of Andrew Robertson, Defrs. THE defendant James Ewell, not having entered his appearance and given security according to the act of Assembly and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the court that he is not an inhabitant of this country, on the motion of the plffs. by their counsel, It is ordered, that the said defendant do appear here on the fourth day of October term next, and answer the bill of the plffs. and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in some newspaper of the City of Richmond, for two months successively, and posted at the front door of the former Capitol in this City. A Copy. Tefte, ANTY ROBINSON, c. c. July 17. ep2m.
On the first Saturday in September next, will be sold, on the premises, to the highest bidder, that valuable TRACT OF LAND, FORMERLY the property of Owen Lewis, dec'd. situated in the county of Albemarle, on Todee Creek, three miles below the town of Warren. This Land is well adapted to the culture of tobacco, wheat and corn; has on it an excellent dwelling-house, with other necessary out-houses, a silo, a valuable apple orchard, &c. One third of the purchase money to be paid on the first day of May, 1808, the balance in two annual payments. Bonds with approved security, and also a deed of trust on the land will be required from the purchaser. A title will be made to the purchaser on the day of sale, by the Legatees. August 4. ep6t.
A GENERAL ASSORTMENT OF BLANKS, FOR SALE AT THIS OFFICE.