Virginia Argus (Richmond, Va.), 1808-03-25 00:00:00

VIRGINIA ARGUS.
[XVTH YEAR.]
A FREE PRESS MAINTAINS THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE PEOPLE.
[No. 1444.]
RICHMOND.—PRINTED (ON TUESDAYS AND FRIDAYS) BY SAMUEL PLEASANTS, JUNIOR, PRINTER TO THE COMMONWEALTH.
[Four Dollars Per Annum—Paid in Advance.]
FRIDAY, MARCH 25, 1803.
[12 1-2 Cents Single.]
FROM THE ENQUIRER.
No. I.
To Messrs. Joseph Clay, Abraham Trigg, John Russell, Josiah Masters, George Clinton, Jr., Gordon S. Mumford, John Thompson, Peter Swart, Edwin Gray, W. Hoge, Samuel Smith, Daniel Montgomery, John Harris, Samuel Mactay, David R. Williams, James M. Garnett and John Randolph, members of Congress.
GENTLEMEN, One of the people of the United States, to whom you have lately addressed yourselves through the medium of the press, returns you his acknowledgments through the same channel, and as one of your constituents he expects to be heard by you in his turn. An appeal to the nation by their representatives in congress, and that under so solemn a form as a protest, strikes the attention and commands respect. The parliamentary protest in England, has generally been the act of a patriotic minority, resisting in behalf of the people, the corrupt policy and bold encroachments of the minister. We have been accustomed to see and to feel in those protests the genuine flame of the patriot, the unity and simplicity of truth, the energy of argument, crowned with the light, the order and dignity of eloquence. From a natural association of ideas, on which you, no doubt, calculated, we received your protest with similar feelings. It is true, indeed, that in this country we have perceived nothing either of ministerial oppression or corruption, during the course of our present administration. The country has appeared to us to flourish in halcyon peace. Instead of oppression, we have felt our burthens lightened; instead of corruption, we have seen only that political purity and chastity which become a republic. But in spite of seeing and feeling, when we find a congressional protest published to the world and supported by dissentients so respectable, in number, we, at first, apprehended that our senses have been deceived; that unknown to us there has been oppression or corruption, or both, which this band of honest and independent patriots is now about to expose and proclaim to the nation. We take up your protest with hearts beating full of expectation and anticipated gratitude. But what is our disappointment, what our regret, what our disgust, when instead of a protest breathing the elevated spirit of conscious truth and virtue, telling us of wrongs which we have suffered and proving them too, we find ourselves insulted by an electioneering squib; weak and inconsistent in its charges; shuffling and prevaricating in its argument; poor, entangled and crippled in its composition. Is it by these means that you seek to recommend yourselves to our respect? Is it thus that you respect the understanding and integrity of your countrymen?
The jealous resentment of a republic, is the sacred guardian of her honor and safety. The wise and the virtuous approach, and excite it with caution; for they know that it is a dangerous passion, and they would confine it to its appropriate function, the punishment of guilt, and the preservation of the republic. It is only the weak and the wicked, who seek to rouse this lion passion on every occasion; the weak, because they know not what they do; and the wicked, because they know it too well; because they are, perhaps, in a situation which anarchy cannot make worse, and may make better; or because there is some man of pre-eminent merit who stands in the way of their designs, and who is too firmly fixed to be removed by any other means than a popular storm; or because they feel themselves so perfectly eclipsed in the plain road of virtues and honest policy, that they find it necessary to fly off into an eccentric track, in order to catch the public eye; and because they had rather be regarded as baleful meteors, shaking pestilence and plague upon the earth, than as salutary planets of inferior magnitude and splendor, dispensing light and maintaining the harmony of the system; or because they have been balked in the obtention of some favorite appointment, and writhing under the united pangs of disappointed ambition and rancorous revenge, or pating for the guilty glory of leading a bold and turbulent faction, they would involve a republic in confusion and ruin, rather than not to be gratified and distinguished. These are truths which the people of the United States understand; and understanding which, they will scan with a critical and suspicious eye, every attempt which is made to inflame the national resentment. Before they suffer themselves to be inflamed, they will examine well the causes which are assigned for it. Before they suffer their confidence to be withdrawn from a tried, a faithful and a favorite servant, they will analyze with calmness and patience the charges which are made against him. They will do more; they will look with an eye of jealous scrutiny, into the characters and motives of his accusers. They will see whether there be no one among them to whom the removal of that favorite would be personally convenient or grateful; no one, whose resentment or whose envy it would soothe; no clan of subaltern characters, to whose private and personal attachment to a restless and ambitious chieftain, it would administer delight. They will trace the denunciation to its source; and see whether it be fair and patriotic, with a sincere and single eye to the public good; or whether it be the intrigue of a cabal, to put out of the way, a man, who is too honest and virtuous for their purposes. As to you, gen-
lemen, it is to be presumed, that you can defy this scrutiny. Occupying the station which you do, it would be horrible to think otherwise of you. To turn against us the "vantage ground" which we have given you, to use it for the purpose of embroiling us with one another, of ruining our peace, and overwhelming the republic with civil discord, in order that you might rise, like the spirits of the storm, to the sovereign direction, would be an abuse of confidence, a pitch of ingratitude and perfidy, of which we trust that our infant republic has, as yet, no examples.
But, acquitting you of this monstrous guilt, how are we to overlook the indiscretion, the folly, the petulance, the inconsistency of your conduct? As one of the people, I take leave to ask you why you have thought it necessary thus to sound the tocsin of alarm in our ears? Is it that there has been some great and flagitious crime committed? some act "in direct hostility to the principles of the constitution;" some "gross assumption of power not delegated by the people;" some "attempt to produce an undue bias in the ensuing election of President and Vice President?" Is it that fired with virtuous indignation at this conduct, you deem it your duty to denounce it at our tribunal? Thus you would have us to believe; but how can we believe it, when we know that you yourselves have done and are now doing the very things which you denounce? You arraign the late caucus at Washington: but have not you yourselves, or at least the most distinguished among you, been members of caucuses on the very same occasion? Were you not members of a caucus for this very purpose in the presidential election of 1800? You cannot deny it; you dare not deny it. When it was found that there was an equal division in the electoral votes between Mr. Jefferson and A. Burr, were you not frequently, nay almost perpetually in caucus for the purpose of devising means to ensure the ultimate election of him whom you believed the choice of the people? Were you not, again, in caucus for the presidential election which took place in 1803? These are facts of public notoriety. You do not deny them. Nay, you admit that caucuses have heretofore been customary. Your consciences admonish you of the inconsistencies into which you were plunging, and you attempt to excuse yourselves. "These meetings," you say, "if not justified, were palliated by the necessity of the union." No shuffling in the ranks, gentlemen. A caucus is right or wrong in principle; if wrong, nothing can make it right. If the caucus of 1800 was in direct hostility with the principles of the constitution; if it was a "gross assumption of power not delegated by the people;" the caucuses of which you were members, were equally "in direct hostility with the constitution;" were equally "gross assumptions of power not delegated by the people;" for the constitution has undergone no change in this respect. It gave no more caucusing power in 1800—4 than it gives in 1808. Out of your own mouths, then, you are condemned: "wherein ye judge others, ye can condemn yourselves; for ye that judge, do the same things."
But this is all. You declare with the solemnity of a protest, which you make in your official and sworn characters as members of congress, that, in your opinion a caucus is "in direct hostility with the constitution." Yet, you yourselves have been guilty of this hostility. Are you aware, gentlemen, of the abyss into which you have thrown yourselves? Were you not in 1800—4 bound by your official oaths to support the constitution; and have you not acted liberately and repeatedly done an act, which, in your judgment, violates that constitution? Whether a caucus, in reality, violates the constitution or not, is in this part of the enquiry, immaterial; you believe that it does so; you have nevertheless done the deed; at the bar of conscience, therefore, you are equally as guilty of a breach of your oath, as if your opinion were correct: For "to him that esteemeth anything to be unclean, to him it is unclean." With what face then dare you come to our bar to arraign others? It is the honorable office of states' evidence, of informers, that you court. With what face dare you, who are demonstrably and confessedly guilty, to arraign others who are innocent, at least, in intention, for aught that appears to the contrary? For it does not appear that they deem a caucus a breach of the constitution: the liberal and fair conclusion from the fact of their having been in caucus, is, that they deem it correct. We had drawn the same conclusion in your favor; but you have taken the pains to disclaim that conclusion, by declaring that you knew who were infringing the constitution, and deliberately sinning against the light of knowledge. Do you suppose the people of the United States so blind that these palpable and damning facts will escape their observation? You seem to suppose it; but you shall find yourselves mistaken. Away, then, with your shuffling palliations: in the opinion of a plain and honest people, there is not upon earth a circumstance which can palliate a voluntary, a conscious, an acknowledged breach of an oath.
But most unfortunately for you, the palliating circumstances on which you rely, to screen yourselves, are incorrect in point of fact. In the election of 1805, the federalists did not "present a formidable phalanx;" for the election of 1801 had proved, if not their annihilation, at least, their total impotence. In the election of 1803, then, there was no conflict between federal and republican influence. (1) Nor at that election was it necessary to hold a caucus
to prevent their placing, by intrigue, a federal vice-president in the presidential chair;" because the amendment of the constitution which guards against that danger had then taken place. These are your palliating circumstances; circumstances, which are not true in point of fact; and which, if they were true, would form no palliation of your offence. Such are the grounds on which you choose to place yourselves before us. Such the pretexts under which you poorly attempt to shelter yourselves from our resentment, while you strive to direct the storm against the innocent.
Again: You accuse the members of congress who formed the late caucus at Washington of attempting to produce "an undue bias on the presidential election—by the sanction of congressional names." Now, pray, what was the object of your protest; of your indecent and unfounded invective against Mr. Madison? Was that intended to produce no "bias on the presidential election;" and to produce it too, "by the sanction of congressional names?" Blush at the inconsistencies in which you have involved yourselves; inconsistencies, which prove the pure and noble policy by which you are actuated, and which, rely upon it, will not be shortly forgotten by your country.
But what is all this camor and uproar about caucuses, and which, all at once, have become so fraught with danger to the country! The people of the United States see nothing in a caucus, but a conference among the members of congress to ascertain the favorite of a majority of the people. The presidential election is a prevailing topic of conversation in every quarter of the union, for a considerable time before it takes place. The pretensions of the several candidates are every where publicly and freely discussed. The members of congress, then, will have learnt the sentiments of their respective constituents, before they leave home. The object of a caucus, is understood to be nothing more nor less, than to bring those sentiments together and by comparing them to ascertain who has the preponderance of popular favor. What odds does it make how this conference is called; whether by an anonymous card, or one signed with the name of Mr. Bradley. (2) The essential object is the conference; and so that one be fairly obtained, the people care very little about the forms and ceremonies which led to it. As to the assertion that the notice was private, we require evidence. We have seen a very different statement of this fact: a card published in the name of Mr. Bradley; and a counter-card in the name of Mr. Somerselse. And as to you, gentlemen, we presume that it would have made very little difference whether the notice was public or private; since your new-born religion on this subject, you would have been too scrupulous or too stately to have attended, although the notice had come to you in the form of a subpoena ad testificandum , and that, on the solemn call of your country.
As little weight is there in the objection, that one of the gentlemen who attended the caucus was a delegate from one of the territories: "a man who in elections has no suffrage and in legislation no vote." For the business of the conference was neither to elect a president nor to make a law. It was simply to collate and compare the sentiments of the people in the different parts of the union, as to the person who should be the next president; and we presume that the delegate from the territory was as capable of reporting the sentiments of his constituents upon this election, as if he had "a suffrage in elections" or a vote in legislation.
Where, then, are all those terrors which are supposed to exist in caucuses? According to our apprehension of them, their conclusions will flow from the people; will be the mere echo of the people's voice. But should it be otherwise; should they misrepresent the opinion of the people, they have spoken as a caucus, not as congress; their conclusions have no obligation, no coercion in them; they are not laws which the people are bound to obey: on the contrary, against the conclusions of a corrupt caucus which should misrepresent their opinion, the people would not fail to vindicate their rights. You seem to think that a congressional caucus has the power of forcing on the people whomsoever they please as president; that by bribes in one shape and another, a caucus composed of members of congress might be induced to place any candidate in nomination, and that such nomination would find the people like a magic spell; that from it they would have no possibility of appeal or escape. Do you really believe all this, gentlemen? If you do, we are sorry for you. You have lived to very little purpose and know but little of the independence of the American character. Waving, at present, your remark on the corruptibility of congress, and of which it is hoped you do not speak experimentally; let me ask you this question: do you suppose that, if none of you (and let it be the most prominent character among you) could have prevailed on the last caucus to put him in nomination, the people would have had no choice but to have made him a president? It is impossible to read the question, without smiling at the supposition of an answer in the affirmative. The nomination would have been laughed to scorn. And why would it? Because there are men of another stamp who are willing to serve us: men whom we have tried for upwards of thirty years; men, who sat at the helm through the storms of our revolutionary war; men, whom we have ever found faithful and vigilant; men, as profound in policy as they are upright
in their views; men, who have never had an object but their country's good; men, compared to whom, you are but boys of yesterday. These are the men whom our fathers have gone down to their graves, blessing; and whom we certainly shall not desert, because of your petulance and importunity.
You will hear from me, again: for the present, I take my leave. Learn to think a little more respectfully of the people of the U. S. Believe it, they are not to be so easily duped, as you imagine. They know that spleen & ill-nature are not patriotism; nor hot-headed intemperance, political firmness.
ONE OF THE PEOPLE.
(1) In the caucus of 1805, the contest related, as these protestants say, to the vice-president; but it was not a contest between Federalists and republicans—but such a one as the present is; between two Republicans—Mr. Clinton of New-York and Mr. Breckenridge of Kentucky. On that occasion, it is believed that a distinguished member of this protestant association took an active part in opposition to Mr. R.
(2) This circumstance would never have excited so much feeling and criticism, if the humorous character of Mr. Bradley had been well understood. This is so strongly marked that a writer in the Enquirer of Jan. 26th, says, "that if he was gasping on the bed of death, he would not miss an opportunity of gratifying his propensity to fun."—These protesting gentlemen ought to have known this trait.
NUMBER II.
GENTLEMEN, Your protest deserves farther notice. It is for your good, that you should know what the people think of it and of its authors; what we think of the clearness of your heads and the purity of your principles. It will be salutary to you, also, to know a little more of the people, on whom it is your pleasure to be making experiments.
How illy your precepts and your practice agree on the subject of caucussing, and to what undignified shifts and misstatements of fact, you have been driven in order to discriminate your own cases from that which you denounce, has been already shown. We have seen, also, of what elastic materials you have deemed your oaths as members of Congress to be formed. But this subject deserves to be considered farther. As a part of our public servants, it is important for us to understand whether your moral and political principles be, even yet, firmly and permanently fixed, or whether they are still upon the same sliding and slippery foundation as heretofore.
As the grounds of your protest against the late caucus, you tell us that a caucus, composed of members of Congress, is "in direct hostility with the principles of the constitution;" that it is "a gross assumption of power not delegated by the people;" if this be true, it is, to our plain judgments, as clear as light, that such a caucus is a criminal assemblage, and that every member of Congress who enters it, commits perjury in doing so. This conclusion cannot possibly be avoided by any man, unless he is prepared to maintain the paradox, that to assume a power not delegated by the constitution, and to act in direct hostility to that constitution, is to support it. But let us hear you: "We do not say that a consultation among the members of Congress respecting the "persons to be recommended as candidates for the two highest offices in the union, may not in some extraordinary crisis be proper." You do not? Although such a consultation would be "in direct hostility with the constitution," would be "a gross assumption of power not delegated by the people;" although it would, in fact, involve the commission of perjury, you do not say but there are cases in which such a consultation would be proper : not merely executable , but proper ! This is you stern republicanism which is to bend to no circumstances! But let us see what is your notion of the extraordinary crisis, which is to sanctify an infraction of the constitution and render even perjury proper: "The federalists presented a strong phalanx, and either to "succeed at all or to prevent them from "placing the candidate for the Vice-President in the Presidential chair, it was "necessary to exert the combined efforts "of the whole republican party." Very well; then, whenever we wish a triumph over an obnoxious party, it is perfectly proper to infringe the constitution, nay, to commit perjury in order to carry our point! This is the puritan creed, on which you have acted; the beautiful system of political morality by which you profess to be governed and which you publicly preach to the people of the U. States! Is this intellectual blindness, or moral depravity? It is both; for depravity only could have given birth to such principles, and blindness only would have blazoned them to the world. Are you the men to vapour about Vazoo speculations and dishonorable compacts with fraud and corruption? In what do you differ from the Georgia legislature which passed that abominable law? They violated their oaths, for money; and you, it seems, have done it, for power.
But why are you not in caucuses, gentlemen? for the very crisis has arrived which, according to your principles, would render it proper. There is a party which is just as obnoxious to you as ever the federal party was, and which we believe you wish, most fervently wish to annihilate. It is the republican party, as the head of which is the present administration. It will be in vain for you to deny this. It is not in your protest only that we look for the evidence of it: it is in your conduct on the floor of
Congress.—From an occasional difference with the measures of the administration, we should not have drawn this conclusion, because such a result might have been expected from the different structures and habits of different minds. But when we find you organized into a corps against the administration, and pursuing your opposition with as much system, inflexibility , and I will add, rancour as ever you manifested towards the federal administrations, we can have no doubt that you wish their annihilation as devoutly as ever you wished that of the federalists.—Yes, it is not Mr. Madison only, it is the administration which offends you. It is their united effluence which produces all this agitation and screaming among the birds of night:—They long for the day-fall, which better suits the dimness of their sight; for the season of darkness, when the peculiar conformation of their organs may give them an advantage, and their fierce and predatory spirit may have full scope for indulgence and satiety.
But before we take a final leave of the subject of caucussing, permit us to require the confession of faith, which has done so much honor to your heads and your hearts, by giving you our sentiments on the same subject. We have before said, that we see no danger in a caucus; we will now say that we see much advantage in it. The constitution no where prohibits such a conference, either expressly or by implication; on the contrary, we think the principles of the constitution are promoted by such a conference, if it be managed with that honor and good faith which was, heretofore, to have been expected from every member of Congress. It is the object of the constitution, that the President and Vice-President of the U. S. should be chosen in the manner first pointed out in the second article of that instrument; that is, by electors chosen by the people in the several states, expressly for that purpose. It is only in the event of a failure to have an election decided in this first and favorite manner, that Congress is permitted to interfere at all. But unless there be some previous understanding among the people, there is great and that nine times out of ten the election, will be cast on Congress. For, without this concert and mutual understanding, each state will probably present its own favorite citizens for those appointments, and thus no one will have a majority of the whole number of electoral votes. What dissensions and heart-burnings such a mode of proceeding would be likely to kindle among the states, and what intriguing and corruption among members of Congress, (if that body be, as you represent them, tangible by corruption,) "we need no ghost to tell us." It is to prevent these effects, by comparing the sentiments of the people of the union, and ascertaining the majority, that a conference among the members of Congress, is advantageous. That conference is a medium of communication between the states. It shews to one state the opinions of another, and to the United States the result of the whole. Those who, on the comparison, find themselves in the minority, if they be the genuine friends of republicanism, of harmony & of the union, will sacrifice their private predilection to those great public object; and thus, by reciprocal concession, feuds between the states will be prevented, congressional intrigue will be avoided, and these elections will continue to fall, where the constitution intended them to fall, on the people, by their electors. Such will always be the result while the people continue fraternal, united, virtuous and patriotic. Or say that a country is cursed with a congressional minority, who, instead of thus sacrificing to the public good, would sacrifice every earthly and every heavenly consideration to the views of their own inordinate ambition, then, there is the more occasion for concert and good understanding among the virtuous and pacific majority. So that whether in times of internal peace or trouble, the conference is constitutional, harmless and advantageous.
When was it ever more so than on the present occasion? When (to say the least of them) a parcel of hot-brained young men, aspiring to resemble Shakespeare's character of the earl of Warwick, to be the "builders-up and pullers-down of Presidents," confederate themselves together to traduce and ruin one of the most virtuous and able public servants that ever blessed a re-nation? And did you suppose that it would be in the power of such men as you are, to shake the gratitude and attachment of the people to such a man as Mr. Madison! What could you have thought of us: what could you have thought of yourselves! Of Mr. Madison, we had supposed it might have been truly said, as Doctor Johnson is reported to have said of Sir Joshua Reynolds; that he is one of those men with whom, if a person were to quarrel, he would be the most at a loss how to abuse. But in this sentiment Doctor Johnson went upon the supposition, that the abuse should proceed upon facts, or at least have some small degree of resemblance to them.—The powers of invention and of distortion, which you have displayed, were altogether beyond his calculation. Let us hear you:—"We ask for energy, and we are told of his moderation. We ask for talents, and the reply is his unassuming merit; we ask what were his services in the cause of public liberty, & we are directed to the "pages of the Federalist," written in connection with Alexander Hamilton and John Jay, in which the most extravagant "of their doctrines remained unan-pugated. We ask for consistency as a republican standing forth to stem the torrent of oppression, which threatened to overwhelm the liberties of the country;

we ask for that high and honorable sense of duty which would at all times turn "with loathing and abhorrence from any compromise with fraud and speculation; we ask in vain." This is just such pretty little sing-song composition, as school boys, with their senses half awake, dream over for their first theses: and who are you that hold this language concerning Mr Madison? As to the most prominent among you, we ask for your energy, and we are told of your arrogance; we ask for your talents, and the reply is your sarcasms and your petulance; we ask what are your services in the cause of public liberty, and we are directed to your co-operation with the British Cabinet and the British author of War in Disguise to justify the pirate plunder of our commerce; we ask for your consistency as republicans, and we are told of what you were and what you are; of your former attachment to the pure principles of the administration, and your present delicious and frantic invectives against them; we ask for that high and honorable sense of duty, which trampling, with disdain, on all selfish considerations of private pique and personal aggrandizement, looks only to the public good; we ask for the mind which pursues that great object with calmness and discretion; which instead of fuming and fretting itself upon a partial view of a measure, takes the time to look comprehensively, patiently and calmly to all its consequences, in all its bearings; to allow to every consideration its due weight; and then, instead of rushing to its decision, in a state of feverish passion, takes its ground with that dignity which results from a conscious mastery of the subject—from mingled temperance and firmness. We ask for these things, we ask in vain. As to the rest of you, we ask who you are? and we are told—you are members of Congress. We ask how you have distinguished yourselves? and we are pointed to your PROTEST! And you are the men who expect, that by giving your names to the world you can destroy Mr Madison! It was, indeed, high time for you to have received this salutary admonition. No, gentlemen, believe it, you are not the kind of characters who are fitted to sway the destinies of this nation. We would as soon commit them to "Macedonia's madman or the Swede." Nor are the people of the United States an Athenian mob, on whom you can play off your intrigues with success. You will not speedily gain with us the name of patriots by means of your rashness and vociferation; nor will you prevail upon us, by fictitious charges, to banish from our bosom another Aristides. You forget that we have the example of Athens before us. If, after such an example, we could repeat her follies and her crimes—banish our patriots, and stroke and fatter the fiery demagogue until we raised him into a despot—we should deserve the remorse, the vain and unavailing remorse, the ruin and the infamy which finally overtook her. Yet you are sufficiently inflated and swollen with ideas of your own importance, to expect that your names will induce us to repeat those follies and those crimes. You begin, by desiring us to proscribe a patriot. You seem to care very little about the charges, which you bring forward for this purpose. You seem to think, indeed, that his transcendent talents and virtues have already filed our bosoms with the same envy and jealousy which you yourselves feel; that we are pre-disposed for your design, and that being ready for the sacrifice, you have but to give us some watch word, "Yazoo" or "want of energy," or any thing else that comes uppermost, and his doom is sealed.—Yes; his doom is sealed; but it is to be engraven upon our hearts—to be distinguished by our favor—and to be rooted in our confidence so deeply, that the storms of malice and of envy, although an hundred times more powerful than the storms that shake the mountain oak from his base, should not move him for an instance. His doom is sealed: it is to figure on the page of history, as an ornament and a blessing to his country: as a proof, honorable and illustrious to our republic, that the patriot is safe in the bosom of the people, and may bid defiance to the petty cabals of the factious and invidious. We have seen, not with envy or jealousy, but with grateful affection, those transcendent talents and virtues which give you so much pain, exerted, purely, faithfully, strenuously exerted for more than thirty years in the cause of his country; in gaining and confirming her liberties—in promoting her honor. Instead of hooting like birds of ill omen at his lustre, "go ye and do likewise." But he has "forfeited his claim to public confidence by recommending a shameful bargain with the unprincipled speculators of the Yazoo companies;" "a dishonorable compact with fraud and corruption," from which it seems he ought to have turned with "loathing and abhorrence." And from this language you hope we shall infer, that your own moral sense is exquisitely delicate and acute. With what fastidious state, with what high-minded loathing and abhorrence you turn from intentional breaches of the constitution and of oaths, when it will serve your purposes, we have already seen in your confession of faith on caucuses. But what do you mean by raising this uproar against Mr. Madison about the abominable Yazoo business? We know that he is as perfectly clear of that transaction as you are; and you know it too. We understand you, gentlemen. We see you through all your mazes. You know that this Yazoo business was universally odious; you know how highly and universally our indignation was excited. You believe that indignation so blind that you can lead it as you list, and so furious that you can cause it to sweep into indiscriminate ruin all, against whom it is your pleasure to direct it. You are mistaken, gentlemen. We are not so blind as you suppose us. Nor will you find it so easy a matter as you expect to make us, by misrepresentations, the tools of your designs and the instruments of our own disgrace. Unfortunately for you, we know the cause of that whole affair to well to be imposed upon by you. We will she you that we do. When that country which had been the scene and the subject of Yazoo speculation, was ceded by the state of Georgia to the U.S. it passed, with all the encumbrances
and claims which previously existed upon it. These were derived from various sources: 1st. From the British government while the country belonged to the British; 2d. From the Spanish Crown, after its conquest of West Florida. 3d. From occupancy and settlement only; and 4th From the state of Georgia. Petitions, memorials and remonstrances swarmed before Congress, and among others, those of the Yazoo speculators. It became important to the U.S. to ascertain how many of those claims were well founded and deserved to be confirmed; how many were factitious and deserved to be rejected. By an act of Congress passed in 1800, the commissioners of the U.S. who had been previously appointed to settle limits with the state of Georgia, were authorised 1st "to enquire into the claims which are or shall be made by settlers, or any other persons whatsoever to any part of the lands aforesaid." 2d. "To receive from such settlers and claimants any propositions of compromise." 3d. "To lay a full statement of the claims and propositions, together with their opinion thereon, before Congress." Mr Madison, the Secretary of State, Mr Gallatin, the Secretary of the Treasury, and Mr Lincoln, the then Attorney General of the U.S. were the commissioners appointed to perform those laborious duties. They discharged them with ability; and all three concurred in the report upon this subject. In explaining the Yazoo claims, so far are they from suppressing one single feature of that hideous transaction, that they open up all the sources of corruption in which the Georgia law originated, point out the names of the corrupted members, and arrange and exhibit the proofs of that corruption. In short, they exhibit the whole of the evidence which was the theme of so much eloquent declamation in Congress. Never was there a case of infamous corruption, more luminously, more ably, and more cogently developed and displayed, than that of the Yazoo in their report. They were directed however by the law, under which they were acting, to receive any proposals of compromise which might be made by the Yazoo claimants, and to report such proposals to Congress, together with their opinion. They accordingly received and report the Yazoo proposals, and give their opinion that they were inadmissible. At the same time they think that there were features in this transaction, which deserved their consideration, and that of Congress. For instance, a great number of virtuous and innocent men at a distance from the scene of action, and who knew nothing of the corruption in which the law of Georgia originated, had been induced to become purchasers of Yazoo lands. The law itself on the face of it was not only fair, but popular. It was an act supplementary to an act entitled "an act appropriating a part of the unlocated territory of this state to the payment of the late state troops." The assembly of the state of Georgia, a body having full power on the subject, pledged the faith of the state for the validity of the grant. On the faith of this pledge, distant men, as virtuous as any in the U.S. and knowing nothing of this case except the fair face of the law, were induced to take titles under it. Was it competent to the state of Georgia, one only of the contracting parties to revoke the law, and that to the prejudice of these innocent purchasers? These were difficulties which the commissioners had to consider and to report their opinion upon. The U.S. States has now taken the place of Georgia; it had acquired by cession a vast territory; and besides doing strict justice to itself, it was bound to do what was equitable to others. It was bound to consult its own dignity in the mode of adjusting these disputes, and its own interest in removing all the sources of litigation and quieting the titles of its own future grantees in this territory. Considering these circumstances, the real hardships of the innocent purchasers and the rich acquisition which the U.S. had gained in the territory, the three commissioners concurred in thinking it the most liberal and sound policy to put an end to all disputes, by giving to those claimants a reasonable compensation for their disappointments and losses. This is the whole case. The opinion may be incorrect; many very just and intelligent men think it incorrect; but no man of ordinary liberty ever thought it dishonest. We see nothing in it, which a man of the purest integrity need blush to avow: and we will add that the arguments which support the opinion of these three virtuous and eminent men have never yet been answered and perhaps never will be considered in any other way than by resorting to the sovereign power of Congress on the subject, and appealing to the angry passions on the corrupt origin of the claims: a corruption, at which we are sure no men felt more indignant than the three gentlemen who made the report in question. Yet for this opinion, which, if wrong, could do no harm, because the whole foundation on which it rested were submitted to Congress, so as to enable them to judge for themselves—for this opinion, you, members of Congress, and professing a high regard for virtue and character, you have the justice & liberality to single out Mr Madison, and brand him with every odious epithet which your habits of obloquy and invective can supply! We see this transaction, and this gentleman in his true light; and be assured that we see you, in your true light. Mr Madison is beyond your reach. Abandon the vain and ignominious enterprise in which you have embarked. Repent and return to the fold of republicanism. The people may even yet forgive your aberrations, gross & flagrant as they are. But do not expect that the people will sacrifice their dignity, their justice, their gratitude and their interest, at the shrine of your capricious resentments and unbounded ambition. ONE OF THE PEOPLE.
Congress. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. FRIDAY, March 18. The bill for raising an additional military force was reported with amendments, and committed to a committee of the whole. Mr Livermore after a lengthy prefatory address (which will be given in our next) moved the following resolution, which the house refused to consider by yeas and nays, 34 to 24. Resolved, That the public good requires that the several laws laying an embargo on all ships and vessels of the United States should be repealed, and that a committee be appointed to bring in a bill for that purpose; and that the said committee be instructed to enquire into the expediency of permitting the merchant vessels of the United States to arm for their defence against certain cruisers, and of associating for the purpose of convoy; and to enquire into the expediency of suspending commercial intercourse with France, and the nations under the control of the Emperor of the French, and to report by bill or otherwise. A committee was appointed on motion of Mr Nelson to enquire into the propriety of erecting an INVALID CORPS. A message was received from the President of the United States, in relation to the Military Academy, which was referred to a select committee. The contested election of Philip Barton Key, having gone through the committee of the whole, was at length decided on, and Mr Key confirmed in his seat 57 to 52. SATURDAY, March 19. The whole of this day was spent on the bill for raising an additional military force. It went through the committee of the whole, and was reported to the House. Considerable progress was made in the details of the bill; but they were not perfected, when the house adjourned, it being then near four o'clock. WASHINGTON CITY, March 21. We understand that the negotiations between our government and Mr Rose were, on Friday last, brought to a close by the receipt of his final note. They are said to have been suspended on the preliminary requisition made by him that the President's proclamation should be rescinded. Mr Rose, in the first instance, apprised our government of his authority to offer reparation for the attack on the Chesapeake, without specifying what that reparation would be; but required that previously to its being made the proclamation should be revoked. Much interlocutory matter passed; when he was informed that if he would state the reparation and assurances he was empowered to make, and they should be considered by our government as satisfactory, they would be taken as a pledge of amity, and that the act of reparation and revocation of the proclamation should bear co-temporaneous date. This is his ultimatum, he declined doing. It is understood that early in the week a very comprehensive communication will be made to congress, embracing the whole of the negotiations relative to the Chesapeake, the whole of the correspondence on our general relations with England, and so much, respecting the other European powers with whom we have had differences, as will give a full view of the state of our relations with them.—Nat. Int. At a Court held for Buckingham County, the 11th day of January 1808. Sarah Holl-way, widow of Robert Holloway, deceased; Geo: Seaton Holloway and Elizabeth Holloway children and devisees of the said Robert Holloway, deceased, by the said Sarah their mother and next friend. Plaintiffs. AGAINST Smith Tandy and Nathan Ayres, Defendants. ON the motion of the plaintiffs by their counsel, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that the defendant Smith Tandy is not an inhabitant of this state: It is ordered and decreed that unless the said Tandy shall appear here on or before the first day of May term next and answer the bill of the plaintiffs; the court will then proceed to take the same for confessed as to him and decree the matter thereof accordingly, and that a copy of this order be forthwith published in some public newspaper of the city of Richmond for two months successively, and another copy posted up at the front door of the courthouse of this county. A copy—Teste R. Eldridge, jr. D. C. At a Court held for Buckingham County, the 11th day of January, 1808. James Murphy & Company, piffs. In AGAINST Chan- William Jones (son of John) and cery- Thomas E. Jones, defts. ON the motion of the plaintiffs by their counsel, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that the defendant William Jones, is not an inhabitant of this state. It is ordered and decreed that unless the said William Jones shall appear here, on or before May court next, and answer the bill of the plaintiffs, the court will then proceed to take the same for confessed as to him, and decree the matter thereof accordingly, and that a copy of this order be forthwith published in some public newspaper of the city of Richmond, for two months successively, and another copy be posted up at the front door of the courthouse of this county. A Copy, R. ELDRIDGE, jr. D. C.
Virginia Argus. RICHMOND: FRIDAY, MARCH 25, 1808. THE charges exhibited by Messrs. Falkland and Canon, together with the seventeen protestations against Mr MADISON, so far as they are not too vague and unintelligible to be reduced to any thing definite, may be arranged under the following general heads: 1. That of having originally been tainted with aristocratic principles; 2. Of being, at present, a lukewarm or unfaithful republican; 3. Of wanting firmness; 4. Of having proposed a compromise with the Yazoo claimants; 5. Of ill-treating Mr Monroe while engaged in his embassies abroad; and 6. Of neglecting his duty when a certain ambassador from this country was accused of odious criminality.—To each of these charges we will endeavor to give a concise and satisfactory answer. As to the first, we presume it will not be denied that long before the Constitution of the United States was framed, Mr Madison was universally considered a true patriot and sincere friend of liberty. At that time, the distinction, which has since arisen, between federalists and republicans was unknown; but he was always known to be an excellent whig, and ardently opposed to all tories and enemies of this country. It is true that his services during the American revolution were not in the field, but in the cabinet. Yet, surely, this is no cause of reproach; because (as we have heretofore said) no one man could do every thing, and wise legislators were as necessary to the United States as brave soldiers and skillful generals. In the old Congress, among that bright constellation of statesmen, whose wisdom guided America in the most perilous and difficult times, the name of James Madison shone conspicuous. He exerted himself there with as much fidelity to the public good, as Washington himself did, in the more glorious but not more useful sphere in which he moved. It is also true that he never was a violent or passionate politician. Naturally modest and diffident; as true merit generally is; free from all pride and arrogance; perceiving, (as wise men always do,) his own deficiencies; and more anxious to improve himself than to triumph over the failings of others, he has always endeavored rather to excel and convince, than to treat with acrimony those who opposed him: His pure intelligence has always been engaged in honest researches after TRUTH; and this has naturally given his conduct that sedate appearance of coolness so peculiarly abhorrent to the habits and feelings of such men as Falkland, Canon, and their coadjutors the seventeen protesters. Haughty, overbearing, intemperate and intolerant, the Chief, at any rate, of this small band, perceives in the mild and modest Madison a striking contrast and continual reproach to himself.— Hinc ille lachrymae. From this, among other causes, we conclude, arises the antipathy which he displays towards him; in which his humble associates blindly follow their domineering and supercilious leader. After the independence of the U.S. had been established, and peace restored, we find the genius of Madison active in preserving that liberty, which he had assisted in obtaining. The feeble government of the confederation being found to be inadequate for that purpose, he was the first who proposed the plan of a more intimate union among the states, and led the way to the establishment of the present constitution. When we consider that union is the rock of our political salvation; that the instrument, which may with justice be chiefly attributed to Mr Madison, is, tho' imperfect, the best constitution that ever was devised by human wisdom, we may ask (with confidence that the answer will be favorable to his cause) in what respect did the part which he took in that transaction prove that his principles were monarchical or aristocratic? We grant there are parts of the Constitution to which we object. The most prominent of these are the extensive patronage vested in the President, the impropriety of making the Senate of the United States a court for the trial of impeachments, and the want of responsibility in the Senators and Judges. But all sciences are progressive; and all the necessary improvements can seldom be discovered, or made, by the first inventors. The wonder is not, that the federal constitution (framed as it was by the representatives of so many states, and with so many jarring opinions and interests to reconcile and unite) should have been defective; but that it should have approached so nearly to perfection. Its most admirable feature is its providing an easy and peaceful method for its own amendment; and it must be observed that Mr. Madison, its founder and supporter, was so far from being opposed to amendments (as his enemies pretend,) that, shortly after its adoption, he himself proposed and engraven upon it twelve most excellent and salutary amendments. But it is said that he associated with HAMILTON in writing the letters of Publius , after knowing, (from his propositions in the convention,) his monarchical principles; and that the numbers most hostile to liberty were written by himself! The latter allegation is a heavy charge, indeed, if true. But we wish that Falkland, who asserts this, had condescended to let us know which of the numbers of Publius are acknowledged to be of Mr. Madison's composition; to enable us to judge ourselves, whether, in fact, they contain "the most objectionable expositions of that instrument." Until this is done, we cannot but say that the accusation is too dark and indefinite to be understood or answered. As to his permitting Hamilton to be his associate, tho' he detested his monarchical project: it should be recollected, that, when the letters of Publius were written, the fate of the Constitution was very uncertain, and the utmost exertions were necessary to insure its success. Was it not proper then in the prudent and sagacious Madison, who knew the attainment of so much good to his country depended upon it, to avail himself of the assistance of a man whose great abilities he knew would be signal useful in promoting any cause which he would advocate, and whose monarchical opinions could do no harm on that subject, since the instrument to be defended was far, very far, from being a monarchy? It is our belief that the labors of the three authors of Publius were joint; and that all the letters were approved by them all. Whether, in this respect they were right or wrong, must be
left to the judgment of those who peruse the letters themselves. It is sufficient for us to say that Publius had a prodigious effect in securing the adoption of the Constitution, and by its friends is universally esteemed as containing generally a correct exposition of the meaning of its several clauses, as well as an admirable vindication of the whole collectively. With respect to Mr. Jay (who also partook in the merit or demerit of those letters,) Mr. Madison was certainly not to blame for associating with him. At that time, his republican principles had never been questioned;—he had not then been contaminated by the Court of St. James's; nor had he sacrificed the rights of his country by a disgraceful treaty.—His talents have never been doubted. Surely, therefore, Mr. Madison was right in enlisting him also on the side of the constitution. So much then for the charge that Madison was originally tainted with aristocracy. The rest of the grounds of accusation may be as easily removed. In the second place, it is pretended that he is, at present, a lukewarm or unfaithful republican! Is this charge substantiated by his long career of public service? by the republican amendments to the constitution which he introduced? By his endeavors to do justice to the soldiers and officers of the revolution, who were cheated of their pay by a set of hungry harpies? by his memorable resolutions of 1794, which, if adopted, would then have set bounds to the maritime tyranny of Great Britain? by his zealous opposition to Jay's treaty, which opposition, because it happened to be unsuccessful, Falkland has the conscience to stigmatize as conducted with "incapacity or treachery"? by his timely and admirable "report" in defence of John Taylor's resolutions? and by the whole tenor of the excellent administration of Mr. JEFFERSON, in which he has had as important a share, as any man, except the President himself? Is it not really astonishing that, after all this, a parcel of hot-brained, self-conceited and self-called republicans of yesterday, should venture to question the long, well-tried, and well-proved republicanism of James Madison. But it seems, he has not turned out of office some federalists whom he found in employment in the department of state! Mr. Jacob Wagner the chief clerk, and a Mr. Brent, have been permitted to remain! This, indeed, is a most terrible affair! But, if it be a heinous offence, which we know not how to justify, we may, at least, palliate it by supposing that it may have proceeded from an upright regard for the public good, which he thought would be best promoted by retaining in employment two men whose skill and experience were, in his judgment, necessary in their respective stations, in which they would be so much under his own control, and so laboriously engaged, as not to have the opportunity of exerting any official influence in support of their federal opinions. He is accused too of shewing civility and hospitality to federal members of Congress and others of that party! This charge is of that ridiculously futile description which needs only be mentioned to be despised. The third subject of reproach is want of firmness. To this the whole public life of Madison is a sufficient answer. His not having been in Congress, or in the Virginia Assembly, in the critical session of 1789, is said by Falkland, to have been a proof of timidity; and he calls it "shrinking from the storm." We know not the circumstances which produced his short recess from public business at that time, but we think his conduct in the still more critical and perilous session of 1799, a sufficient answer to the charge. His reluctant assent to the General Ticket law, (if, in truth, it was reluctant, for we know not whether to believe it, on the authority of Falkland only) is also relied upon. But, admitting it to be the fact, that he was with difficulty persuaded to agree to that law; it proves nothing but his independence of spirit which could not be induced to go along with his political friends until convinced of the propriety of the measures proposed by them. The General Ticket law was one concerning which the best patriots and republicans differed; and those who thought it improper in principle, tho' mistaken in thinking so, were certainly right in conscientiously refusing to do what they conceived evil, that a good purpose might be accomplished by it. This circumstance then, is rather a proof of Madison's firm adherence to rectitude than of his want of firmness. But does not his conduct as Secretary of State, in the present situation of our public affairs, of itself afford abundant proofs of his firmness? Is not his inflexible opposition to British encroachments in spite of the imminent danger of war, and of the discontented clamours of the factious minority in Congress, and his equally resolute determination not to yield to the gigantic power of France, enough to demonstrate that he possesses the virtue of firmness? Does even his willingness to encounter the task of the Presidency, in times like these, appear like "shrinking from the storm?" No. JAMES MADISON will never shrink; but, cool and collected, tho' firm and undaunted, will, with wisdom and prudence for his pilots, safely stem the stormy sea of civil discord and of foreign war. The rage of his rancorous enemies will have no effect on the happier temper of his mind, which, notwithstanding all their abuse, will yet preserve his country from their rashness and phrensy. To the end of his life he will continue her ornament and useful servant. He is not ambitious, as Canon pretends. If he had been ambitious, how easily might he have gratified his desire of promotion, in the days of John Adams, by renouncing his principles? But, to such men as him, public offices are valuable only as the means of doing good; and disappointment in an election is never followed by mortification, or ill-will towards his country. On him, therefore, we hope the highest office in the gift of the people of the United States, will be bestowed; and trust, from the information received from every quarter, that we shall not be disappointed. The three remaining charges against him shall be considered in the next Argus.
BETHLEHEM GABOR, OR THE Man-Hating Palatine; An historical Drama. By JOHN D. BURKE, of Petersburg. ** A few copies of the above work are just received at this office, where also may be had, HORNE TOOKER. DIVERSIONS OF PURLEY.
A Copy, R. ELDRIDGE, jr. D. C.
A Copy, R. ELDRIDGE, jr. D. C.
The three remaining charges against him shall be considered in the next Argus.

OUR unfortunate divisions on the question of the Presidential election, we have the best reason to believe from information of an authentic kind, will soon be healed by the decision of the Pennsylvanians in favor of Mr. Madison. Mr. Clinton's friends, to the North, it is said, are evidently affected by the intelligence; the Congressional protest has probably wrought a most powerful effect to the injury of Mr. Clinton. Mr. Monroe is entirely out of the question. He appears not seriously to be thought of out of Virginia.
For the VIRGINIA ARGUS.
To the MINORITY IN CONGRESS.
NUMBER II.
The magisterial manner, in which you have proclaimed weakness in Mr. Madison's head, and hollowness in his heart; plainly speaks a defiance of like imputations on yourselves. For those, who cast the first stone, ought surely to be without sin. So little is the information, which I possess of any of you, gentlemen, in your public or private walks, that my support of him shall not be polluted by random attacks on you; which if in any instance successful, would disparage the feelings, under which I write. An attempt to reanimate with venom disgraces any cause - an adversary may be humbled, and the friend may yet not be saved. Nay, I go farther; even anonymous charges, when reduced to shape and circumstances, ought to be repelled by the advocates of a candidate for the presidency.
For thirty years, Mr. Madison has stood open to public criticism, in various legislative and executive departments, of his native state, and of the union in general. In debate and composition, he has been an active member, and every day brought an accession of fame, until by a noted discovery in the year 1806 the luminary, which had so long cherished our country with its rays, was pronounced to be only a passing meteor. Amidst the testimonies which the public archives contain of his abilities; amidst the recollections, which the citizens of the United States must preserve, of his enlightened services, without the necessity of a noisy caucus to refresh their memory; you, gentlemen, ought not to shrink from the appeal, which is now made to you. Deign to specify in what instances his understanding has slumbered or faltered: What chasm has, fortunately for you, occurred in his intellect. If you succeed, you shall be esteemed as the genuine possessors of every particle of intellectual worth, of which you can despoil him. But you dare not affront the good sense of the people, by attempting such a task. You dare not hazard yourselves in laboring to show, (as some of you are said to have pretended,) that his notion of the work called the Federalist, expresses doctrines, unsafe to liberty. You dare not review, except in general terms of obloquy, any political measure, of which he has been the author. Can you have already transported yourselves to such a degree of rage against him, as longer to bide and poison your own political character, by snapping at his talents? The gauntlet is thrown to you: You are challenged. Indeed, I am afraid, that you are already more than half condemned by the sovereign judge, the people. It behoves you therefore to be quick in your movements, and decisive in your charges. I am aware, that all this bold language may be treated, as gasconade. It ought to be treated with ignominy, if it cannot be supported. It is for you to determine, whether the people shall judge between us.
Thus, gentlemen, you perceive, that a perfect ascent is yielded to your opinion, that transcendent wisdom ought to be possessed by him, who mounts the presidential chair: Undoubtedly you will take care, when at the appointed time, the present mysterious silence as to the name of the candidates whom you prefer, shall be broken; that he shall appear in this respect inferior to but few, if to any of his fellow-citizens.
Nor can there be the least reluctance in subscribing to your next attribute in the character of a president, that he shall have energy. But men, less scrupulous in their words, than yourselves, and professing a communion with the republican cause, would be bound to define this all-grasping term; and, while they explained it with sufficient scope for the public welfare, would not suffer it to advance to the confines of public danger. That part of the world, which decides more easily by recurring to examples, than to theory, have probably asked, whether you refer to some of the energies of preceding administrations, such as the raising of an army, &c. Those, who reflect more earnestly, will perhaps enumerate the greater excesses, in which energy is necessary, and measure Mr. Madison by their standard.
These cases may occur in times of peace, as well as of war. Some few of the former shall be stated.
A President may be assailed by an importunate faction, which may arrogate a right to rule him, from their having contributed to his elevation.
Intriguers may count upon the supposed inflexibility of old age, and subtle lures, by addressing some master-passion or frailty. Indeed, men, suspected of imbecility from years, will often purchase an exemption from the accusation, by implicitly submitting themselves to the ministry of others.
In a preceding administration shall have been denounced by some tumultuous and interested individuals, for a course of conduct, which, if honest and accurate, may seem otherwise, until the whole ground is distinctly understood; the succeeding one may more than vibrate between an obstinate obedience to its own conscience, and the fear of an apparent dereliction of ancient principles, for which it stands pledged.
It may happen, that a president, who is trulyaverse to military coercion, may be so much urged and irritated by artful representations of some illegal act, which at the most is only a momentary violation of the liberty, which we enjoy, and by a hint, that his former military renown, will be taxed with having degenerated into cowardice: as to stretch forth the strong arm of government to suppress, what a proclamation would easily silence.
Upon no reasonable calculation, can it be decided, that a future President, may like Washington, be tempted to drown his own name in some high sounding title of excellence, and to assent to spread over the offices of his country, a level dignity of superb names, as a secret introduction of perversions to suit them to his immortal glory. Washington resisted. The primary mover of the project was, however, his immediate successor.
The vehicles of intelligence are instruments, formidable in the extreme to a President, dependent on the public will, which often receives its complexion from the subtlety of a printer. He receives a scourge, to which no mind is superior, and may employ it, which no president can avoid, unless in all possible relations of office he knows, how to act with complete ability, and has energy to execute what he knows.
This is but a sketch of what may arise; a minute catalogue is impossible. It is, after indulging the imagination, and prophecy itself in anticipating the difficulties, which the conduct of civil affairs may present, you, gentlemen, can venture to assert and to endeavor to prove, that Mr. Madison wants energy to meet them all with success; it is a duty which you owe to yourselves, and to us, to hasten your efforts without delay. But it is conjectured, that you yourselves do not sincerely distrust his fitness for civil administration. You very properly allude to the prospect of a rupture with one of the great powers of Europe: - And it shall be admitted, that in weighing the pretensions of Mr. Madison, a state of war, and of war too with England or France, is to be presumed. This subject, which is too extensive for the present number, will be resumed and discussed.
HOWARD.
To the FREEHOLDERS of RICHMOND.
Fellow-Citizens,
AT the period when I was prevailed on to announce myself as a candidate, to represent your city in the ensuing legislature, I did not suppose that any other republican would have been brought forward, much less did I anticipate any thing like the bold and spirited exertions which have taken place, on the part of some of the federal electors in support of a federal representative. I had believed that the political principles of our city were too well known even to be questioned, and like the pillars of heaven, too firmly fixed ever to be successfully assailed. Some recent occurrences however, have led me to fear that in this opinion I have been mistaken, and that without vigilance and unanimity on the part of the republicans, a change must inevitably take place. Holding the principles therefore that I do; principles upon which I have uniformly acted, and feeling assured, that I am not one of those individuals of desperate views, who would sacrifice every thing to the accomplishment of their purpose, and who in the pursuit of power or appointment, care not at what sacrifice it is obtained, have deemed it proper in consequence of the nomination of William Wirt, Esq. to withdraw myself as a candidate for Richmond. Impressed with the conviction that my declining will insure the election of a republican representative, I feel that the duty which I owe myself, my country and you, require it of me. This public declaration of my sentiments and this surrender of my pretensions in favor of another, is made without regard to personal consideration and under a belief that it will meet your approbation; should it however prove insufficient to preserve your esteem, I must submit to lose it, remarking at the same time, that conscious of having discharged my duty, I shall preserve my own. To those whose patronage and support I should have met with, I tender my thanks.
ANDREW STEVENSON.
March 23, 1808.
Extract of a letter from a member of congress to the Editor, dated, Washington, March 19th.
"Mr Rose yesterday presented his ultimatum to our government, which was no less than, that previous to any step towards further adjustment, the proclamation of the President, issued in consequence of the outbreak on the Chesapeake, should be annulled. It was said that when that was done, the proper redress should be offered - but that redress was not specifically mentioned, although it is believed, our government even condescended to enquire what it would be. The reply was prompt. Mr. Rose then declared his mission at an end. Congress, it is said, will have the papers all before them as soon as they can be copied, perhaps by Tuesday or Wednesday; they are voluminous of course after so tedious a negotiation."
"This rather abrupt termination by the British minister of his mission, has excited alarm, which is probably not improperly increased by the appearance of a British fleet in our waters or on our coast."
"Mr. Livermore yesterday made a motion to introduce a resolution to repeal the embargo laws; the House refused to consider it; only 24 voting for it; such are the general impressions of the necessity of a continuance of that measure at present."
"If the communication is not two voluminous, I will endeavor to send you a summary of such parts of it as are not required to be kept secret."
A letter from Washington City, speaking of the Confidential Communications which the President made to congress on the receipt of dispatches from Messrs. PINCKNEY and ARMSTRONG, observes, "the doors of the House of Representatives were immediately closed, the papers being marked 'confidential' - Not so in the Senate; the Vice-President being old and dim of sight, did not perceive the word confidential marked on the papers; but proceeded to read the communication to the whole audience. The papers were from Mr Pinckney at London, announcing that he had made remonstrances to Mr Canning on the late British decrees, and had received answers of an equivocal and unsatisfactory nature."
"Mr Pinckney speaks of the British administration in very reproachful terms; states that he had discovered that the mission of Mr Rose was a piece of diplomatic deception, & only intended to deceive & procrastinate, and was merely waiting for a favorable opportunity to injure us deeply; and determined on giving no satisfaction for outrages committed, nor to relax her decrees. This was intended for the secret ear of the Senate; but you may readily conceive the sensation produced by this premature disclosure. To attempt to prevent its spreading was vain. The French minister, and two or three of Mr Rose's suite, were present - War with Great Britain is now generally spoken of."
Extracts from the speech of the Earl of GALLOWAY, delivered in the British House of Lords, on the 22nd of January last
"My Lords, I wish it was possible to animadvert with satisfaction upon the conduct of the United States of America: local knowledge, obtained by me at the early period of a French revolution, enables me to form a very decided opinion with respect to that country, and I am sorry to say, my Lords I cannot form a flattering
one. I am, however, happy to learn, by the tenor of the speech, that it is not the intention of his Majesty's government to concede one point more to that illiberal and prejudiced people. My Lords, we must make a stand somewhere; and where can we do it better than in defence of our seamen and our trade; which they unequivocally demand? If America prefers French alliance to British connection, it is not in your lordships' power to control her choice; nor can you prevent that war, which I do not wish to see take place; but which, if it does take place, my Lords, I am confident, if pursued by us with judgment and reference to the American character and situation, no man need fear. With respect to the affair of the Chesapeake frigate, my Lords, as a naval officer, I may be permitted to be a little prejudiced and to hold an opinion in some small degree differing, perhaps from his Majesty's government. - It is not, however, my intention to dispute the accuracy of their proclamation, lately issued, nor the principle of respect which is due to national ships of war, as applicable to the governments and nations of Europe; but as merited by America, if the detail of that transaction was before your lordships I am inclined to think you yourselves would question. However, my Lords, while the American navy is confined to a few frigates, the compensation that has been made may not be of material import; how far it may affect us hereafter, time only can shew."
MR. PLEASANTS, Please to inform the public through your paper, that we decline acting as committee men for the county of Buckingham, to promote the election of Mr. Monroe. And oblige yours,
Edward Jones. James Walker.
TO THE EDITOR.
SIR, I observe that I have been placed on the committee both for supporting the election of Col. Monroe and Mr. Madison. I request that you will make known that I decline serving on the committee for Madison, and will act on that for the support of Monroe.
Your obedient servant. John C. Pryor. Gloucester, March 19, 1808.
DIED, on Thursday morning the 24th instant, after a severe indisposition of several months continuance, which she bore with that Christian fortitude and composure, for which she was so remarkable through a long and useful life, Mrs. JUDITH MITCHELL, the amiable wife of Capt. ROBERT MITCHELL, of this city. She had entered the 63d year of her age, and was one among the oldest inhabitants of Richmond. She was a kind and affectionate wife & mother, a humane mistress, a good neighbour, and an active and benevolent friend to the poor and distressed. Long will the virtues and charities of this good lady be held in grateful remembrance in her neighbourhood.
By the arrival at New-York, of the ships Factor and Frances, both from Greenock, the former in a passage of 34 days, and the latter in 30, files of London papers to the 10th of Feb. and Greenock papers to the 13th have been received.
In addition to the articles given at length, we offer the following outlines of news:-
The news of the Embargo reached Falmouth, by the British Packet, on the 22d of January; but had produced no apparent sensation, on the public mind, at least none that could be gathered from the papers; for, contrary to the usual practice of the English Editors, it is generally mentioned without either censure or approbation.
A change is said to be about to take place in the government of Switzerland, of which Berthier is to be king. Talleyrand, it is said, is to be king of Portugal. The loss sustained by Denmark from the British expedition is estimated at 67,000,000 rix dollars. The king of Sweden has declared that he will adhere to the system heretofore pursued by him, in consequence of which a Russian army had marched for Swedish Finland. An arrestment had occurred at Constantinople on account of the scarcity of provisions. Two serious disturbances had occurred at Lisbon from a like cause.
A new French imperial decree was issued on the 11th of January at Paris, declaring that "when a vessel shall enter into a French port, or into that of a country occupied by our armies, any man of the crew, or passenger, who shall declare to the principal of the custom house that the said ship comes from Britain or her colonies, or countries occupied by British troops, or that it has been visited by any British vessel, shall receive a third of the produce of the net sale of the ship & cargo, if it be known that his declaration is exact."
The Rochfort squadron got out the 16th of January, and was not heard of by the English until the 24th.
Sir George Prevost, with 5,000 troops, sailed on 11th of Feb. for Halifax.
The news of the American embargo was received in London the 23d of January, by the Arabella packet from N. York. As it was a measure anticipated it caused but little sensation. The London papers say, the embargo is not of a hostile character - "It applies," say they, "solely to American vessels, and can have no possible influence on the negotiation between the two governments. Indeed considering the circumstances under which the act was passed, the measure would appear to be particularly directed against France." And they considered it the only measure to which America could have had recourse under existing circumstances, without incurring the risk of being involved in hostilities. Lang.
PROTEST.
Die Veneris, January 21, 1808 - A motion was made to admit the 4th paragraph in the motion for an address to the throne, (viz. the paragraph respecting the seizure
of the Danish fleet,) and the question being put, "That the said paragraph do stand part of the motion."
The same was carried in the affirmative.
"DISSENTIENT."
"Because no proof of hostile intention on the part of Denmark has been adduced, nor any case of necessity made out to justify the attack upon Copenhagen, without which the measure is, in our conception, discreditable to the character and injurious to the interests of this country."
W. Frederick, Vassal Holland, Rawdon, (Moira) Norfolk, Lauderdale, Sidmouth, Grey.
Lord Erskine has entered another very long one, which we must postpone till our next.
FRENCH DECREES.
PARIS, Jan. 14.
At the Palace of the Thuilleries, January 11, 1808.
Napoleon, &c. upon the report of our minister of finances, seeing our decrees of the 23d of November and 17th December, with the concurrence of our council of state, we have decreed, and do decree as follows:
Art. I. When a vessel shall enter into a French port, or into that of a country occupied by our armies, any man of the crew, or a passenger, who shall declare to the principal of the custom house that the said ship comes from Britain or her colonies, or countries, occupied by British troops, or that it has been visited by any British vessel, shall receive a third part of the produce of the net sale of the ship and cargo, if it be known that his declaration is exact.
Art. II. The principal of the custom-house, who shall receive the declaration mentioned in the preceding article, shall, in conjunction with the commissary of the police, and the two principal of the custom-house officers of the port, shall cause each of the crew and passengers to undergo separately the interrogatory prescribed by the second article of our decree of the 22d November, 1807.
Art. III. Any functionary or agent of government, who shall be convicted of having favored the contravention of our decrees of the 22d November and 17th Dec. 1807, shall be prosecuted in the criminal court of the Department of the Seine, which shall be formed into a special tribunal for this purpose, and punished, if convicted as if guilty of high treason.
Art. IV. Our ministers are charged, each in his respective department with the execution of the present decree. (Signed) NAPOLEON.
Inspected at Richmond
for the last three months Ending on the 7th Inst.
 15196 barrels Superfine flour.  3696 do. fine do. do.  1260 do. Cross middlings do.  38 do. Condemned do. 
John J. Johnson, flour Inspector.
BY virtue of a deed of trust executed to me by George Carter, to secure a debt therein mentioned, due John Carter the first day this (Inst.) Will be Sold, to the highest bidder, for cash, at the dwelling house of the said George Carter, on Saturday the 22d day of July next, Four Negroes, to wit: - Dick, Jim, Lucy & Anne, two Bay Horses, nine head of Cattle, twenty head of Hogs, his Household and Kitchen Furniture, or so much thereof as will satisfy said debt and costs.
1 st WILLIAM CARTER, Trustee. Buckingham County, March 14th 1808.
BY virtue of a deed of trust executed to us by Drury Childers, in order to secure the payment of a certain sum of money due to William and Daniel Thompson, & all cost incurred by carrying the same in to effect, we shall on Saturday the third day of April next, at Mr Peter Francisco's Tavern, proceed to sell for cash, four negroes, viz: Isham, Phillis, Rachel, and Salley, or so much thereof as will be sufficient to answer the purposes of said deed.
TARLTON WILLIAMS, STEPHEN HOOPER, Trustees. Buckingham, 19th March 1808. tds
A LIST of 4 hogheads of Tobacco remaining in Coan Warehouse over two years.
1800 - December 23. Richard Morris No. 158, gross 1211, tare 115, nett 1096. Barns and Haynie Inspectors.
1803 - 22d March. Richard Beale 93, 1112, 105, 1007 - Haynie and Crowther Inspectors.
12th February. Daniel Dawson 102, 1095, 118, 977.
14th do. William Forrester 117, 1278, 100, 1178 - Fallin and Berryman Inspectors.
Now remaining in Coan Warehouse, 5th March, 1808.
ANDERSON & ROGERS, 3t Inspectors.
Charlotte County, to wit.
TAKEN up by Capt. John D. Richardson, the 28th December, 1807, a Sorrel Horse, about fourteen years old, neither dock'd nor branded; he is blind in the right eye, and about 4 feet 3 inches high, appraised to thirty dollars.
Copy, w3t THOMAS READ, c. c.
MILITARY LANDS
IN THE STATES OF OHIO AND KENTUCKY. THE subscriber has for SALE, sundry valuable tracts of LAND, on the waters of the Miami and Scioto rivers, state of Ohio. Also, on the waters of Cumberland and Green rivers, state of Kentucky, which will be sold low for cash or good bonds - For further particulars enquire of William Price, register, who has the title papers, or to
William Du-Val. Buckingham, January 20, 1808. wif
Just received and for sale at this office THE MODE AND SUBJECTS OF BAPTISM EXAMINED, IN SEVEN SERMONS. TO WHICH IS ADDED, A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE BAPTISTS, BY DANIEL MERRILL, A.M. Pastor of the Church of Christ in Sedgwick. Also just received & for sale as above RULES AND ARTICLES, FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE ARMIES OF THE UNITED STATES, March 23d. 1808.
Richmond Academy
FOR FEMALE EDUCATION.
THE superintendent of this institution begs leave to inform the public that the Academy is now open for the reception of Pupils in a large and convenient house on the highest part of Shockoe-hill, the situation of which is remarkably pleasant and healthy.
The young ladies who board with her are furnished with genteel and comfortable accommodations, (including washing) at the rate of forty-five pounds per annum payable quarterly in advance; but the rules which required, that pupils sent to the academy by persons not residing in this city should board and lodge with her, has been rescinded, for the purpose of giving a choice to those having friends or relations in town, with whom it may be desirable for them to reside.
She has now procured a female assistant of respectable character, and in her opinion, well qualified to teach English grammatically, whose constant attention, together with her own, to the duties of her school, and to the care and superintendence of her pupils, she flatters herself will be conducive to their happiness and improvement.
In order to promote those important objects, the trustees have resolved that two of their own body shall be designated as a committee for each month; and that one or both of them, shall visit the academy, at least once a fortnight, and examine into the conduct of herself and her assistant, and of the other teachers, and make a monthly report of the state of the institution; a resolution which she hopes will produce the most beneficent consequences.
The annual prices of instruction, (which are payable quarterly in advance) are the following: - for reading and writing English, Arithmetic, and needle work, 20 dollars; Geography and History, 15 dollars; the general principles of Natural and Moral Philosophy and Natural History, 15 dollars; the French language, 20 dollars; Music, 40 dollars; Dancing, 20 dollars; and Drawing, 20 dollars; - Every young lady may attend all or any of the teachers, at the pleasure of her parent or guardian, except that no pupil is to be taught Music, Dancing, or Drawing, without being also instructed in some one or more of the branches other of Education taught in the Academy.
ANNA BYRD. Richmond, Feb. 18th, 1808. wbt
SIR HARRY,
THE handsomest and one of the best sons of Sir Peter Teazle, (unquestionably the best stallion now in England & interior to none ever bred in that country,) will stand the ensuing season at my stable, in King and Queen county, about 40 miles from Richmond, 7 from Dunkirk and 12 from Tappahannock, at 50 dollars the season, notes for which, and half a dollar for the groom, must be sent with the mares or before they are taken away. The 50 dollars may be discharged by the payment of 40 dollars cash, (and in the event of the embargo continuing, or war, by 30 dollars) on or before the expiration of the season, which will commence on the 1st March and end 1st August. Extensive high and low land pasturage, as good as any in Virginia, gratis. Mares may be fed with corn at the market price, and every attention will be paid to them, but no liability for escapes or accidents of any kind. Mares and foals will be kept by themselves.
Sir Harry was imported in the fall of 1804 from London, is now 12 years old, in high health and vigor, 15 hands 3 inches high, full of bone and muscle, fine points, elegant form and beautiful brown color. He has covered three seasons in this country, has proved himself a sure foal getter, and his stock are equal to any in the world. He was one of the best racers in England, both for speed and bottom, with very heavy weights, and probably cost more money than any horse ever imported into this country (standing the owner within a trifle of £1200 sterling when landed) and in the estimation of good judges, is equal, if not superior, to any that is now, or ever was in the state. As the universal practice here, is to run heats, it is needless to point out to those who have fine mares, the advantages that may result from sending them to this horse.
His dam Matron, (foaled in 1795) was got by Alfred, grandson (dam of Pilot) by Marsk, great grandson by Regulus, great great grandson (dam of Wildair and Vamper) by Sneyd, great great great grandson by Palmer, Greyhound, Makeless, Counsellor, Brimmer, Place's White Turk. Alfred was got by Matchem (foaled in 1770) out of a Snap mare (the dam of Conductor, Director, Georgiana and others) bred by the Duke of Kingston, foaled in 1762; her dam by the Cul-len Arabian; Griswold's Lady Thigh, by Panton; Greyhound, Sophonisba's Thigh, by the Curwan Bay Barb; Lord D'Arcy's chequer Arabian; Whetstone, Old Monague mare. Matchem was got by Cade; Cade (own brother to Lath) was got by the Godolphin Arabian; Marsk was got by Squirt; Squirt was got by Bartlett's Chidlers; Regulus was got by the Godolphin Arabian.
Sir Peter Teazle was got by Highflyer, out of Papilion, by Snap; Snap was got by Snap; Snap was got by the Devonshire Chidlers, out of a Basto mare; Highflyer was got by Herod, out of Rachel by Blank; Herod was got by Tartar, out of Cyprian, by Blaze; Tartar was got by Pantar, out of Meliora, by Old Fox.
John Hoskins. wbt
January 15, 1808. N.B. It is not probable that Sir Harry will ever again stand to the northwest of his owners in the neighborhood of Petersburg.

MUTUAL ASSURANCE SOCIETY.
MR. PLEASANTS, SOME time past I offered to my fellow citizens a few remarks relative to the M. A. Society against fire, &c. And then, promised, to present to them, from time to time, such statements of facts, and comments upon the institution, as might occur to me to be material. The pressure of business in my office, has prevented an immediate compliance with that promise. It is most likely, that, my failure to comply, has produced no disappointment. As the compositions of my pen have no claim to excellence in style; and that prudence and philanthropy, which, at first, obtained for this institution, a patronage so extensive, appears either to have slept for some years past; or, to have taken a different direction. To what object the philanthropy of Virginia has lately been directed, I know not; but, its prudence appears to have been wholly engaged, by a strong conviction of the necessity of acquiring property, to the almost total exclusion of that part of character of prudence, which suggests the propriety of preserving from accident the property which had been acquired. At a very early period of my life, I learned from the information of others, that folly might gather riches; but wisdom only would adopt the proper means of preserving them. A few years experience with a little observation, served to convince me, that, I had been rightly informed. But does wisdom suggest to him, who shall be about to expend a great part of the hard earnings of many years, in erecting a comfortable dwelling house; that, it will be better to build with sapling timbers, because they may be cheaper, than those which will be more durable? Surely there would be nothing in such conduct, which belongs to the character of wisdom.
Wisdom in practice, is what we generally term prudence. The prudent man every day pays, in some form or other, a premium to insure his object; if he purchases, a horse, he will consent to pay, for one of five years old, three times as much, as he would give for one aged ten, in order to insure a greater length of service from the horse. If he wants a coat, he will give a third or a fourth more for cloth that will wear two years, than for that which would not serve him more than one year. And in all the trivial transactions of life, we find the prudent man, paying an enormous premium of insurance. In building his house, he readily consents to pay ten or twenty per centum advance, to ensure its longer duration; but when at considerable expense he has finished it; will he, if indeed possessed of common prudence, leave it exposed to every risk? If an infuriated mob should threaten to destroy it, will he hesitate to pay a premium to insure its value, lest they should carry their threats into execution? I cannot doubt he certainly would. What then will be his conduct, after finishing his house; when he reflects, that, the enemy which threatens to destroy it, is among the number of his domestic servants, that, the very fire which serves to cook his food, and produce comfortable warmth to his body in winter, threatens every day, nay every moment, to destroy his mansion, with its contents. That, this fire, is found in every hearth of his house; that it is handled altogether by heedless servants, who have no interest in preserving the property; that a single spark may in the course of a few minutes, cause his house to be enveloped in flames, and leave nothing more than a pile of worthless ashes; the poor remains of a dwelling, which had been acquired by the savings of years, of hard labor, and close economy.
Will not the prudent man reflect upon this risk. If he does reflect, how can he avoid hastening to obtain an insurance. I am at a loss to conceive, what mode of reasoning can induce him to sit down contented, in the midst of danger, when the effect of the burning of his house (which is sometimes total ruin, and at all times a serious inconvenience) may be averted by the payment of a trifling premium for insurance. If prudent indeed, he will not do so. I have been induced to present these remarks to my fellow citizens, through the medium of your paper, by the alarm of this morning.
Perhaps the alarm bells never excited more general consternation, among the citizens of this place, than they did to day. Whilst the wind blew with violence little short of a hurricane, the quick stroke of the fire bell reached the ear. An extensive and dreadful conflagration was anticipated. The feelings of humanity were aroused. Every citizen abandoning his own house to its fate, sought with rapidity the expected scene of desolation. But, the benign hand of providence arrested the threatened evil. The fire was extinguished without material injury. Had it not been arrested, in its earliest stage, in all probability, many, who this morning had comfortable homes, under the roofs of which, a numerous offspring were sheltered, would at this moment, have been houseless, and perhaps penniless. Does not this awful warning admonish such persons immediately to seek the protection of the Mutual Assurance Society.
I do not address the citizens of Richmond alone. I call upon all house owners within the operation of the Mutual Assurance Society, to consider seriously their dangerous situation, while uninsured. Let them, severally, for a moment, imagine the dread scene of the 19th of October last, which destroyed so large a portion of the flourishing town of Fredericksburg, removed to their immediate neighborhood. Let them behold, in imagination, the flames, with resistless impetuosity, flying from house to house; consuming alike the poor man's hut, and the palace of the opulent. Let the uninsured house owners in Petersburg call to mind, the alarm and consternation occasioned among them, by the fire of the month of February last. Let the citizens of Richmond recollect, the fire that happened in this place, on this day fortnight, which was by great exertion extinguished, after the destruction of three hours only.
I would also remind the house owners in the country, that, although exempted from the danger arising from fire in contiguous buildings, yet their risk is great. They are by no means safe, as the experience of
the last year, ought to teach them. The sum of losses by fire in the country, in the course of twelve months past, has probably been over $20,000, of which, about one third only has been insured. The great body of the farmers of our country, though independent, have little to spare. If it is inconvenient to them, to spare the amount of a premium of insurance, how will they be able to restore a lost house. How much, and how long must they deny themselves, their accustomed comforts, in order to accumulate a fund for rebuilding their houses.
If you shall think these hasty remarks, worthy of a place in your paper, you will please to publish them in your next Argus. As soon as I have leisure, I shall hope to be indulged with an opportunity of presenting through your paper some further observations relative to this most valuable institution, to the consideration of the house-owners in Virginia and the county of Alexandria. At present, I will only add, that, if ever there was a period, in which every means should be used to preserve the property that the citizens have already acquired, that period has now arrived. Whilst two powerful conflicting nations, jealous of our prosperity, are piratically seizing our ships on the ocean--Whilst a necessary embargo depresses the price of produce--And enhances the cost of those foreign goods, which we are accustomed to use--And whilst a cloud, hanging on our Eastern Horizon, threatens war, with all its baleful effects--Surely it is a time to make safe, that which each individual has in possession. During such times, when produce, when labor, when every thing except luxury are at their minimum price--how would the uninsured sufferer by fire rebuild his house? I verily believe that it would, in the greater number of instances, be utterly impossible.
SAMUEL GREENHOW, P. agent of the M. A. Society. Sunday evening, 21st. March, 1808.
PHILADELPHIA, March 14.
Mr. Rose's despatches for England were received at New York, on Thursday, from Washington, and are said to contain the ultimatum of the government of the U. States. Mr. Rose's departure or his stay will depend upon the nature of the despatches which he may receive within eight or ten days from England; which of course will much depend upon the state of affairs in England, upon receipt of the news of the embargo.
Late advices from Europe say no account of the embargo had been received in England on the first of February, but this we very much doubt; though should it so turn out, the delay of Mr. Rose may be protracted a little longer.
A gentleman in the confidence of Mr. Rose has gone to Canada--the face of that country at the present season, will furnish as many objects of curiosity, as Siberia; the forests "perwigged with snow"--the birch-tree, black spruce, and juniper sparkling with all the icy beauties, and rivalling the grotto of Antiparos--there can be no doubt that these are the objects of the journey at this season. Aurora.
The British diplomatic corps appear to be much disappointed in certain particulars which their agents here had impressed upon the British ministers. They are surprised to find that there is not a body of "disaffected to the government" sufficient to carry a purpose against it--They are surprised to find that the people are not as capricious as all republics have been represented to be--they are surprised that the seat of government is kept in a wilderness instead of a large city where the members of congress could be as well fed and get as drunk as members of parliament: They are very much surprised how such a large country as this, can do without lords: They are astonished to see the judges in courts of law and the lawyers at the bar, administer justice and plead without wigs--ib.
CALL YOU THIS AMITY.
The people of the United States perhaps have not yet forgotten the case of captain Jessop, who was so cruelly treated by the captain of a British ship of war. The following case fell under our perusal, where the statement of the respectable and injured man has been drawn up, to be transmitted to the secretary of state.
Mr. Thomas Norris, a respectable citizen of Philadelphia, and who has sailed from this port for thirty years and upwards, for the greater portion of the time as master or chief mate, has been treated in such a manner without any sort of provocation, as must excite the indignation of every man who has a single spark of American feeling in him.
We have requested permission to take a copy of his affidavit and an other paper; the whole of which are we understand, supported by the evidence of the crew, now in this port, and by the affidavits of several others--the affidavit supercedes any other narrative.
Philadelphia County, ss. Personally appeared before me, the subscriber, one of the justices of the peace in & for said county, Thomas Norris, a citizen of the U. S. aged 49 years, who has commanded several vessels belonging to the port of Philadelphia.
On his solemn oath he saith, that on the 30th of January last (1808) he was on board of the brig Molly, commanded by captain Samuel Holt in the port of Currao, & was then the first officer of the said brig, when about half past 8 o'clock A.M. he was taken from on board said brig by a number of men armed, and carried on board of the Lark British sloop of war, commanded by capt. Robert Nicholas, who is commander in chief of all the British ships of war in that station; that on his arrival in custody of the armed men aforesaid on board the ship of his Britannic Majesty, he was accosted by the officer commanding on deck, who asked this deponent what countryman he was? To which this deponent answered in a respectful manner, that he was an American; that the said commanding officer then said to or concerning this deponent, that he would pay him for his country's sake, and thereupon ordered one of the crew of the said British sloop of war Lark, who stood by with a heavy piece of rope in his hand, to do his duty. That this deponent upon hearing such unexpected and extraordinary sayings and proceedings, ad-
sed himself to the officer, and requested to be informed what charge or allegation was there against him, what offence or wrong had he done; to which his requests, he received no answer, but a repetition of the order to the seaman to do his duty--and who did thereupon give this deponent several strokes with a two and a half inch rope, which severely injured this deponent: who thereupon again addressed the said commanding officer requesting that he would have some regard to his age and grey hairs; that he had a numerous family to maintain; but the seaman acting under the orders of the British officer, continued to beat this deponent about the body, arms and head 'till he was scarcely able to stand or move his limbs, having received from 50 to 60 blows.
(Signed) THOMAS NORRIS. Subscribed and sworn before me this 11th day of March, 1808. EBENEZER FERGUSON, One of the justices of the peace for the county of Philadelphia.
The following is a copy of a memorial addressed by capt. Norris, to the British commander--to which no answer was returned:--To his honor Robert Nicholas, Esquire, Lieut. governor and commander in chief over Currao and its dependencies, and senior officer of his Britannic majesty's ships and vessels on this station.
The petition of Thomas Norris, mate of the American brig Molly, of Philadelphia, now laying in this harbor--HUMBLY SHWETH--
That your petitioner, at half past 8 o'clock, A. M. of the 30th of this month of January, going into the brig's head on his private occasions, seeing a punt underneath he requested them to move which they accordingly did; but to his great astonishment, about a half an hour after, a boat with a guard came alongside, and ordered your petitioner on board his Britannic majesty's sloop of war Lark, where, as soon as he arrived, they asked him what countryman he was, and your petitioner having answered, that he was an American, an officer, whose name your petitioner does not know, replied he would pay him for country's sake, and ordered a man who held a rope in his hand to do his duty.
That your petitioner, fearful that something unpleasant was going on, begged of the officer to give him a hearing, but was refused, and the man again ordered to do his duty.
That your petitioner then requested him to have some regard for his old age, and grey hairs, but nothing would avail, and they began beating your petitioner with a rope of two and a half inches, and from 50 to 60 blows, and in such a manner as the visible marks will shew, and then sent your petitioner back on board the brig.
That your petitioner is an old man, and a father of a family, and this punishment an affront which he the more severely feels, being totally ignorant of having given any, the least cause for such a rigorous step, and not even being allowed a moment's hearing; a thing commonly granted to the most inferior sailor, previous to inflicting chastisement.
And your petitioner, &c. prays you to investigate the business, and grant redress, &c. (Signed) THOMAS NORRIS, On board the brig Molly of Philadelphia. Currao, 31st January, 1808.
BALTIMORE, March 16.
A dextrous manoeuvre was played by an American ship from China, lately in Ireland. The captain ran into Kinsale, either in distress, or pretending to be so. He there was allowed to sell 350 chests of fine teas, which he did by public sale, at about four shillings per pound, when he who had paid the duties was selling at from eight to ten shillings, and before the return of orders from England to detain him for the duties, he was off.---Whig.
JAIL BREAKING. A most daring enterprise was executed by some of the convicts in the Jail of Baltimore on Monday evening last, between the hours of 6 and 7 o'clock.
According to custom Mr. Green, the under jailor, went to visit the rooms wherein the convicts were kept. Having opened the first door, and proceeded to unlock the second, leading to their apartments, which however was so injured by picking that the key had no effect on the lock--the fellows rushed forth, armed with sharp knives, dirks, and other weapons; stabbed Mr. Green in several places, and sprung directly forward to the room in the North end of the prison, to seize the keys of the outer doors. The people, taken by surprise, offered but little resistance. But, when they procured the keys, they also snatched up the rifles, belonging to the overseers, knocked down Mr. Madairy, and I believe Mr. Bentley; proceeding immediately to the back door of the prison and opening it, they beat and stabbed two of the debtors, who, happened to be then below stairs, attempted to arrest their progress. One of them, a Mr. Fowler, is dangerously hurt; being bruised in the head, and daggered in the body: the other, a Mr. Workner, is also deeply stabbed in the same parts. Whether their bowsels be much injured, I cannot yet say. Of their recovery, we cannot speak with any confidence, at present. The whole affair was transacted in less than two minutes.
Morris and Judge appeared to be the ringleaders. The scheme was in all probability laid by Judge; as he had feigned sickness for several days, while he no doubt prepared the means of the secret expedition.
The fate of these two debtors, imprisoned for no crime, ought to suggest the propriety of keeping that class of unfortunate citizens in a different building. Murderers and forgers, &c. sentenced to long and irksome servitude, will be always planning
*It appears, since, that the outer gate of the entry was not locked at the time; and by some means or other, the convicts had procured a pewter key for the inner one--which, after unlocking, they snapped off, leaving part of it in the lock. The prospect of Mr. G's recovery to-day (Tuesday) is by no means flattering.
escapes: and, we see, they scruple not to take the lives of all who stand in their way. Had these atrocious ruffians not found the key of the Eastern door so soon as they did, I have no doubt that the jail would have presented a scene of murder rarely equalled; as the debtors, on the alarm, were thronging down stairs very fast, with such weapons as they could snatch up.
Ten or eleven of the criminals effected their liberation. It is a shocking proof of their depravity, that they ever thought of stabbing Mr. Green, a man remarkable for his mild treatment of all the prisoners. Knocking him down, might have satisfied them; as he could not any farther prevent their project:--yet, he received some thrusts of their dirks, all aimed at his vital parts.
TROY, March 3. REMARKABLE FECUNDITY.--on the 1st inst, Mrs. Irish, wife of David Irish of Westfield, Washington county, was delivered of five natural living CHILDREN.
Mr. Antoine Favier, hatter, of Fell's Point, (Baltimore,) and Justine Burgoyne, a sailor, are the fortunate holders of the ticket No. 6974, which drew a prize of Thirty Thousand Dollars in St. Mary's College Lottery.
DOUGHERTY--one of the ruffians who broke Jail, and murdered Workner, on Monday evening, was apprehended on Tuesday about 20 miles from Baltimore, on the Philadelphia road. He was posting on foot to Philadelphia with his rifle upon his shoulder--in open day! It is true enough, that the most profligate knaves are the most egregious fools. Dougherty was the man who daggered Workner; and took his hat away. He had it on his head when retaken.
Congress.
[Taken for the Balt. Federal Gazette.] March 12. Proceedings this day.
Mr. Morrow from the select committee, reported "a bill authorising the loan of public ARMS to the state of Ohio," which was referred to a committee of the whole on Tuesday.
The house took up the unfinished business of yesterday. (the "bill concerning COURTS MARTIAL AND COURTS OF INQUIRY.") Mr. J. Montgomery spoke at length in favor of the bill, contending generally, that the rules and articles for the government of the army were too oppressive, and ought to be mitigated.
Messrs. Sloan, Pitkin & Randolph, spoke against the bill; and Messrs. Holland and Nicholas in favor of it--all at considerable length.
In the course of his remarks to day in the House of Representatives, Mr. Randolph paid a high encomium on the speech of Mr. Pitkin, on the bill concerning Courts Martial and Courts of Inquiry. He regretted that the advocates of the bill had not attended to the arguments of that gentleman, (which, he said, had torn the bill to tatters) instead of writing letters, reading newspapers, receiving money and signing receipts. He declared that there were some sentences in the bill which conveyed no more idea to his mind than so many words thrown out of a type-box. He then read part of the 3d section, beginning "And provided also," &c. which he said conveyed no specific meaning, and might as well have been written in Chaldeic.
Mr. Rhea moved that the bill be recommitted--Lost.
The question was then taken by ayes and nays, and the bill passed, as follows: Yeas--Messrs. Alexander, W. Alston, Bacon, Bard, Baker, Bassett, Blackledge, Boyle, Burwell, Butler, G. W. Campbell, Chittenden, Cotts, Dawson, Deane, Desha, Eppes, Findley, Fisk, Franklin, Goodwyn, Greene, Helms, Heister, Holland, Holmes, Howard, Isley, Johnson, Jones, Kirkpatrick, Knight, Lambert, Love, Marion, Macree, ry, J. Montgomery, N. H. Moore, Jer. Morrow, John Morrow, Nelson, Newbold, Newton, Nicholas, Porter, Rhea, M. Richards, Seaver, Smelt, Smilie, J. K. Smith, J. Smith, Southard, Storer, Taylor, Troup, Venable, Whitehill, Wilbour, Wilson, Withersall--61.
Nays--Messrs. L. Alston, Blount, Champion, Claiborne, J. Clay, M. Clay, Clinton, Clopton, Cobb, Culpepper, Dana, Davenport, Durell, Elliott, Ely, Gardner, Gray, Harris, Hoge, Jenkins, Kelly, Lewis, Livermore, Lloyd, Lyon, Macon, Masters, Milner, D. Montgomery, T. Moore, Mosely, Mumford, Pitkin, Quincey, Randolph, Rea, Riker, Rowan, Sloan, S. Smith, Stanford, Stedman, Taggart, Talmadge, Thompson, Trigg, Upshur, Vanhorn, Van Reusselaer, D. Williams, M. Williams--51. And then the house adjourned.
NOTICE. THE co-partnership of Samuel Parsons & Son is dissolved by mutual consent and Samuel Parsons is authorized to settle the business of the concern. SAMUEL PARSONS. SAMUEL P. PARSONS. 3 Mo. 7, 1808.
THE subscribers having connected themselves in business, under the firm of PARSONS & OWEN, have taken the houses and lumber-yard formerly occupied by Samuel Parsons and Son, where they intend carrying on the commission business in all its varieties, and hope by strict attention they will give satisfaction to those who may be pleased to favor them with their business. SAMUEL P. PARSONS. SAMUEL OWEN. 3 Mo. 11, 1808.
M. B. We have now on hand a large stock of Flooring Plank, a few barrels of Tar, Wheat Fans, Wove Wire for do. Wire Screens of various sizes, &c. (2w)
FOR SALE AT S. PLEASANTS' BOOK STORE, Henning's New Virginia Justice. Containing the Duties of a Justice of Peace, &c. together with a variety of useful precedents, adapted to the laws now in force Also, forms of conveyancing, such as deeds of bargain and sale lease and release, mortgage, trust, &c.
Richmond Tile Manufactory.
THE subscriber having procured the exclusive right to manufacture in this and several other states Harwood's much improved Patent Tile for covering houses, and at considerable expense erected the necessary buildings, &c. for carrying on that useful business extensively, now offers to supply, at a short notice, any quantity that may be required, at the moderate price of Thirty Five Dollars per thousand, delivered at his factory.
He can with confidence, founded on actual experiment, in the covering of about 20 houses in this city, assert, that houses can be covered with this tile as cheap in the first instance, as with slates of the first quality, and when the security against fire, the difference of insurance, the durability and particular construction on these tiles to resist the most penetrating rains and snows are considered, he cannot doubt of meeting with considerable encouragement. It requires only the examination of a well covered roof to convince the most prejudiced mind of their superiority to any other tile heretofore made, or to the best slate, and will cost less than the latter, after paying the expense of water carriage to almost any part of this continent.
Particular attention will be paid to orders from other towns, and in all cases where they are shipped, he will deliver them whole and sound, along side of the vessels, at the expense of cartage only to the pur-chasing, will put on those tile with great facility, but where they cannot be procured, he can engage a few here who have had some experience, and will go a moderate distance, if the job is of sufficient magnitude and their travelling expenses paid.
BENJAMIN DU VAL. Richmond, March 12, 1808. N. B. I wish to sell Patent Rights in several other states. WIF B. D.
REMOVAL. GEORGE WATT, has removed to the main street, next door above the Bell Tavern, where he offers for sale the following articles:
20 hds Brown Sugar, 30 hds Molasses, 8 Tierces and 8 barrels best Green Coffee, 20 hds Antigua Rum, 5 pipes Holland Gin, 4 pipes Cogniac Brandy, 2 hds. and 20 bds Northern Whiskey, 13/4 casks old Sherry Wine, 3 chests Young Hyson Tea, 6 chests Hyson Skin, do, 5 chests Souchong, do, 70 casks Live-pool ground Salt. Richmond, 16th March, 1808 1w 6w
United States Court, Fifth Circuit & Virginia District, Nov. term, 1807.
Charles and Jesse Ewell, Piffs. vs. Tristram Dalton & Tobias Lear, merchants and traders under the firm of Lear and Company. Defendants. THE defendants Tristram Dalton and Tobias Lear, not having entered their appearance and given security according to a rule of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that they are not inhabitants of this district, on the motion of the pls. by their Council, it is ordered that the said defendants do appear here on the first day of the next term and answer the pls. bill, and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in some one of the newspapers published in the city of Richmond, for two months successively, and posted at the front door of the capitol in the said city. A copy--Teste, WILLIAM MARSHALL, Ck.
NOTICE. IN pursuance of an ordinance of the Common Hall for the city of Richmond, for regulating the police of the said city, I shall attend at the office Mr. Nathaniel Sheppard, on Saturday next, for the purpose of receiving the lists from the citizens of the names, ages and sexes of their slaves, in which lists they are required to distinguish those hired from those which are not; and also to say of whom they are hired JOHN BROOKE, City Com'r. March 21, 1808.
THE LAWS
PASSED at the last Session of the General Assembly, of Virginia, are just published at this office. March 19, 1808.
Will be Sold
FOR ready money, on the premises on the fourth day of June next, in obedience to a decree of the Superior Court of Chancery, for the Richmond District, made on the ninth day of February last past, in the suits in said Court, viz: Brown, Rives, and Company, Merchants and partners, against William Alcock, Andrew Hart, Robert Alcock, James Barbour, and Martin Dawson, and William Galt, against William Alcock, Andrew Hart, Robert Alcock, James Barbour, Brown, Rives & Company, Martin Dawson & David Anderson, ONE TRACT OR PARCEL OF LAND, in said suits mentioned, lying and being in the county of Albemarle, in the North Garden, on the head waters of Hardware river, containing SEVEN HUNDRED AND EIGHLY FOUR ACRES, be the same more or less, and adjoining the lands of James Garland, Hukeby R. Morris, William Woods, &c. subject to the life estate of the defendant Robert Alcock and Mary his wife, in the lower moiety thereof. MARTIN DAWSON. March 21, 1808. 5w
BLANK BONDS
For Sale at this Office.

VIRGINIA ARGUS. EXTRA.
[XVTH YEAR.]
A FREE PRESS MAINTAINS THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE PEOPLE.
[No. 1444.]
RICHMOND:—PRINTED (ON TUESDAYS AND FRIDAYS) BY SAMUEL PLEASANTS, JUNIOR, PRINTER TO THE COMMONWEALTH.
[Four Dollars Per Annum—Paid in Advance.]
FRIDAY, MARCH 25, 1808.
[12 1-2 Cents Single.]
LAND
In the state of Ohio—FOR SALE: THE subscriber wishes to SELL a valuable TRACT OF LAND, in the state of Ohio, containing 1,000 acres. This tract is of excellent quality, as the subscriber has understood from most respectable information. It lies on Deer creek, a branch of the Sciota, about 16 miles from Chillicothe, in a well settled neighborhood, and is very convenient to the trade of the Ohio. He will dispose of it for cash, or on a short credit, for notes negotiable at the Bank of Virginia; or will exchange it for property in the city of Richmond. An unquestionable title, with general warranty, will be made to the purchaser. WM. MUNFORD. Richmond, Sept. 24, 1807.
FOR SALE. MY Dwelling House, and Four Half-Acre Lots of Ground, in the Town of Manchester, as formerly advertised: On receiving a part in cash, I am disposed to give a considerable credit, for the balance of purchase, or I will take young Negroes at a fair valuation, and Land in the State of Ohio, Tennessee or Kentucky, on such terms as may be agreed on—If the said property is not sold between now and Christmas, it will be leased to an approved tenant for a term of years. ARGUE CAMPBELL. Manchester, Nov. 30, 1807.
Valuable Lands.
THE subscriber will sell, on a credit, or exchange for Property in Richmond or its neighborhood, the following LANDS, to wit: 822 acres in the state of Kentucky, by survey bearing date the 10th day of October 1797, lying and being in the district set apart for the officers and soldiers of the Virginia state line, on Little Barren river. Also, 1,000 acres, in Kentucky, by survey bearing date the 19th October 1797, likewise lying in the district set apart for the officers and soldiers of the Virginia state line, on the north side of Little river, a branch of Cumberland river, and about two and an half miles from the mouth of Little river. Also, 450 acres of Land in the county of Mason, state of Virginia, on Old Town creek, about 3 miles from Mason courthouse. Indispensible titles will be made to the above mentioned lands; and plots of each tract may be seen on application to the subscriber residing in Richmond. THOMAS BOHANNAN. January 23d. 1808.
100 Dollars Reward.
RUN AWAY about the first instant from the service of Mr. William Rawleigh, (to whom he was hired) a BLACK MAN, named JACKSON, a House Carpenter by profession, of thin consumptive appearance, about 40 years of age, five feet eight or nine inches high; from circumstances attending his employment, I believed, he intends making his way to one of the Eastern States, and has been provided with false papers of freedom.—If taken within the state, and delivered to me here, or secured, that I get him, I will give Fifty Dollars, or if taken out of the state, One Hundred Dollars. Robert Gamble, Jr. Richmond, Dec. 24th, 1807.
20 Dollars Reward.
RUN AWAY about the 8th May from Richmond JACOB, a very black fellow, about six feet high, twenty-eight years old, handsome address and very artful, has several scars on his neck, and one or two, I believe, on his left cheek, resembling small pox pits, a waterman by trade, and left his boat in the basin of the canal in the above city when he went off, at which time he broke open the store of a gentleman in Richmond and stole to a large amount, for which said gentleman has offered a reward of 50 dollars for apprehending said fellow (as I am informed)—he has a numerous acquaintance in the said city, the counties of Hanover and Caroline, in one of which he was raised, and where I expect he may be harbored. The above reward will be paid and all reasonable charges, for securing said fellow in any jail to get him, or delivered me in Bent Creek, Buckingham, Virginia. Samuel Horsley. November 20, 1807.
10 Dollars Reward.
RUN AWAY from the Subscriber on Friday last, a Negro Man named JOHN, a carpenter by trade. He is six feet and upwards high, very likely, of insinuating manners, extremely polite when spoken to. For three years past he lived with Mr. Anderson Barrett. He has a free mulatto woman for his wife, in Richmond, living near the work house, where I expect he will stay. He took with him several articles of husbandry; amongst them, a pair of iron wedges, marked with the letter P. I will give a reward of ten dollars, if delivered to me in the lower end of Hanover, or eight if confined in jail, and I apprised of it. He is called by the negroes John Russell. ARMISTEAD RUSSELL. Hanover, January 24, 1808.
NOTICE.
I WILL DISPOSE OF MY TRACT OF LAND, LYING in Powhatan county, containing 500 acres, of which there is 30 or more prime low ground, which never is overflowed by the river Appomattox. There is also a fine mill seat, the dam nearly completed, and timbers ready to go to complete the mill, upon a never failing stream. The terms will be one half cash, the balance in 12 months. I will sell or treat with any one between this and the 1st July next, otherwise it will be sold upon the premises, to the highest bidder, together with other property. The terms of the personal property will be made known on the day of sale. John H. Saunders. January 5, 1908.
I AM desirous to exchange the following property, or any part thereof, as may be agreed on, for a small tract of good Land, in a healthy situation, with a dwelling house and other improvements, a good spring of water, and an agreeable neighborhood, at a distance of 30 to 100 miles up the country.—To say for Houses in this city—Lands in Henrico county, joining the academy lands, and near this city—2,000 acres on Richland creek, in Lincoln county, Kentucky—1,000 acres on the waters of the Ohio, in Mason county—and two tracts of Military Lands on the river Tennessee, each 866 2/3 acres. Robert Mitchell. Richmond, Feb. 6, 1808.
PURSUANT to a deed of trust executed to me by Charles M. Gilliam, of Cumberland county, to secure a debt therein mentioned, due to John Gilliam & Co., will be exposed for SALE, on Monday the 28th inst. at Cumberland courthouse.
3 Young Negroes, viz: John, Sally and Lewis, named in said deed, to the highest bidder, for ready money. PAUL S. CARRINGTON, Trustee. Cumberland, March 1, 1808.
REMOVAL. WE have removed our Countinghouse to the house immediately below, and contiguous to the one we have hitherto occupied, where we have for sale, Muscovado Sugar by the hogshead or barrel, Sherry Wine, in quarter casks, and few cases Old Claret of superior quality. ROBERT & ALLAN FOLLOK, & Co. March 3, 1808.
TO RENT. The House and Lot Back of Messrs. Taylor & Brown's venustore, known by the name of the Old Treasury. NEIL MCCOULL. March 11, 1808.
Negroes & other Property FOR SALE.
WE shall, by virtue of a deed of trust executed to us, by Johanna Hopkins on the 19th day of April 1805, in order to secure the payment of a certain sum therein mentioned unto Pollock, Treadway & Co., and all costs incurred by carrying the same into effect—proceed to sell at the highest bidder, for cash, at Michaux's tavern in Powhatan county, on Saturday the 2d day of April next, the following property, viz. FOUR NEGROES—Joe, Edmund, Fanny and Grace—two Horses, and nine Feather Beds and their Furniture or so much thereof as will be sufficient to satisfy the same. ROBERT GRAHAM, Trustee. WILLIAM F. GRAY, Secy. March 10, 1808.
Partnership Dissolved.
THE partnership carried on under the firm of A. F. Foster, & Co. is this day dissolved by mutual consent. All those indebted to the concern are requested to make immediate payment to A. Foster, who will also settle all just claims against said firm. Archibald Foster. John Johnston, by A. Mearns, Atty. N.B. The business in future will be carried on by A. Foster. Richmond, March 9, 1808.
For Sale or Rent,
THE HOUSE, OFFICE & STABLE, with an excellent garden, all in good order, and at present occupied by Mr. Samuel P. Parsons joining major Price, on the Hay-Market square. For particulars apply to JASPER ROBBINS, or Mr. JOHN M'ENRY'S. Feb. 24, 1808.
A BARGAIN MAY BE HAD IN A House and Lot,
IN a central situation in this city. For further information apply at the office of Messrs. Darmstadt, Foster & Satchell. March 3, 1808.
TO RENT
The House and Lot, At present occupied by Mr. Hezekiah Mosby, pleasantly situated on Shockoe Hill and very convenient for the accommodation of a family.—Possession may be had on the 3d March next, when Mr. Mosby's time will expire. Thomas Elliott. Richmond 29th Jan 1808.
For Rent,
THE House on the Main Street, next to Messrs. Ellis and Allan, and now occupied by Mrs. Pheope. Possession will be given on the first of January next—apply to JOSEPH GALLEGO. Richmond, Dec. 27, 1807.
By virtue of a deed of trust executed by Zachariah Hall on the 27th day of April 1807, to us, in order to secure the payment of a certain sum of money unto Jacob Fackler and Shapard and Locke, and all costs incurred by carrying the same into effect—we shall at the Eagle Tavern in the city of Richmond, on Saturday the second day of April next, between the hours of ten and two of that day, proceed to sell for cash to the highest bidder, that valuable and well known tract of land, lying in Chesterfield county, on the main Buckingham road, and distant from the town of Manchester 17 miles, containing by estimation one hundred and thirty acres, more or less—the improvements are new, and consist of a convenient dwelling house, store house, kitchen, &c., and in an excellent neighborhood for business of any kind. Thomas Taylor, Trustee. Benj. Sheppard, Secy. March 4, 1808.
The Tenement,
ON which the subscriber lives, situated on Church Hill, within about one half mile of the Richmond market—containing two acres of ground, well enclosed and highly improved—The buildings consist of a large and well constructed dwelling house, laundry, kitchen, dairy, smoke house, two stores, brick office, coach house, barn and stable. All these buildings are well finished, and in complete order for the accommodation of a large and genteel family: who may have easy access to all the advantages of the city, and live as retired as they could wish. John Ellis. February 4, 1808.
Ree's Cyclopaedia.
VOL. 7, PART 1st. or No. 15, Of this work, is just received at this office. Subscription will open. March 11, 1808.
At Botetourt January court, 1808. Samuel Irvine, Plff. vs. Alexr. & James Fulton & others, Dfns. ON motion of the complainant, it is ordered that the accounts between the parties be submitted to Patrick Lockhart, general master commissioner, who is to make his report to next March court, giving notice of the time he examines their accounts to the parties. A copy—Teste, S. Bowyer, D. C.
Monday 2d day of May next is appointed to carry the above order into effect, when the parties are desired to attend at my office in Fincas, with their documents, &c., to enable them to execute the same. Patrick Lockhart, M. Cmr. February 22, 1808. ($3 00) 3w
Penitentiary Store.
THE subscriber, Agent for the Penitentiary, offers for sale the following articles, the manufacture of that institution, at very low prices for cash only at retail, and at 90 credit at wholesale, for approved endorsed negotiable notes. CUT NAILS.
   Wholesale prices Retail prices.     3d 13 cents. 14 cents per lb.   4 12 1-2 13 1-2   6 11 1-2 12 1-2   8 10 1-2 11 1-2   10 10 11   12 10 11   20 10 11   Slating nails 11 1-2 12 1-2    CUT BRADS.     8d 10 cents. 11 cents per lb.   10 9 1-2 10 1-2   12 Do. Do.   20 Do. Do.    SPRIGS.     3d 39 cts. per lb. 50 per m.   4 22 1-2 67   6 17 84    WROUGHT NAILS and BRADS.     6d 13 14 per lb.   8 12 1-2 13 1-3   10 12 13   12 11 1-2 12 1-2   20 11 12   30 11 12    Spikes of all sizes same price as 30d. nails. Broad and narrow Axes, Hatchets, Hoes, Plough Shares and Counters, Hinges, Wedges, Hammers, Fenders, Traces and Strappers, Tin Ware, &c. &c.
Boots and Shoes.
Fair tops, back straps, $9 Ditto 8 Suwarrows, 7 Half Boots, 5 Plantation and light fine shoes, 12 1/2 a 13 1/2 Do. second & third qualities, 7 1/2 a 10 1/2 Negro shoes (strong) 7 1/2 a 9 1/2 Girls do. 4 1/2 a 6 Boys do. 3 1/2 a 6 Childrens' shoes, 3 1/2 a 4 1/2 Fire Buckets $4 a $5 per pair. Bridles, Sursingles, Whip thongs, Spur leathers, Horse strings, Back Bands, &c. Any of the above articles made to orders left at the Penitentiary Store, second door above the Eagle Tavern. D. J. BURR. March 11, 1808. (2aw1m 1wtf)
Wirt's Speeches.
THE Editor of the Argus has this day published the SPEECHES of WILLIAM WIRT, Esq. on the TRIAL of AARON BURR, and Others. Valuable Medicines.
PUBLIC confidence has never been more liberally and firmly reposed, and perhaps in no instance more justly, than it appears in the efficacy of HAMILTON'S WORM LOZENGERS, prepared and sold, wholesale and retail, by HAMILTON LEE, no. 56, Maiden-lane, New York And in Richmond, (only) at S. Pleasants' Printing-office. The proprietor has lately presented to the public eye the testimony of the Hon. A. C. Hanson, Chancellor of Maryland, the Rev. Mr. Moulder, and of other distinguished and respectable characters. The following cases, of more recent occurrence, are now respectfully submitted. SINGULAR OCCURRENCES.
THE wife of Mr. Wm. Stillwell, merchant, Water street, New-York, had been in a poor state of health for several years past, and was often confined to her chamber by indisposition: her symptoms were various, though generally attended with great debility; sometimes they were supposed to indicate dropsy, at others a disease of the liver. Having suffered a very severe attack, without obtaining any relief from her physician, and almost despairing of recovery, she was induced to make trial of Hamilton's Worm Destroying Lozenges; having heard of their performing cures in several complaints that could not be accounted for. Two doses were taken, which brought away a large worm, nearly half a yard in length, and a great quantity of matter evidently pieces of worms, &c. On taking the third or fourth dose, an entire animal shaped like a crab, was expelled: its parts were examined with the aid of a microscope, when the claws, feet, &c. appeared perfectly formed; different in but few respects from the common crab. Mrs. Stillwell began from that time to recover her health;—three months have since elapsed, and she has been free from her former complaints, and has acquired a degree of health and strength which for years before she had been a stranger to.
American Military Library
OR, Repository of Modern Tactics; Adapted to the use of the Militia of the United States.—Illustrated with a sheet plate of nineteen manoeuvres. (The plate alone sells for 75 cents.) March 9.
Seminary,
Charlottesville, Albemarle. BY the middle of April will be taught by the subscriber the following branches of Literature, viz. The English language grammatically analysed, Arithmetic, Writing, Civil and Natural History, Oratory, Rhetoric, Logic, Metaphysics, Ethics, Geography including the use of the Globes and Atlas; the Elements of Euclid and Chronology, Trigonometry, comprehending Surveying & Navigation in their various forms. The French & Latin Language so as not only to read and understand it, but so as to speak it easily, which is profitable in making the grand tour. The Greek language and students in divinity may have instructions in the Hebrew, the essential branches of Natural Philosophy, Astronomy, &c.
The subscriber will board at a reasonable rate, and special attention shall be paid to the pupils health, learning and particularly to the immutable fundamentals of that life which is inseparably connected with present and future felicity. It is hoped that in this Seminary equal geniuses in equal times will compete with students of other Academies. Hugh White, A. M. & D. V. M. March 15, 1808.
The thorough bred imported horse,
GOUTY,
WILL stand the ensuing season at my plantation on Rucker's Run, 5 miles from Amherst courthouse and 12 from Wambsburgh, and will cover mares at 25 dollars the season, 12 dollars the lead and 40 dollars insurance. Win one dollar to the groom in either case. The lease money to be paid at the time of service, the season on first day of August, and the insurance on first day of March 1809. Crop tobacco inspected at any of the warehouses on James river from Lynchburg to Richmond will be received in payment at 5 dollars per 100lb. if tendered on or before the day it becomes due. Pasturage gratis but no liability for accidents or escapes—GOUTY is a beautiful bay, 11 years old, 5 feet 3 inches high, elegantly formed and of great strength. He was got by Sir Peter Teazle, and came out of the celebrated Yellow Mare, she was got by Tandem, her dam Perdita by Herod out of Fam Forrister by Sloe, and so through the best stock that England has produced as may be seen by reference to the general stud book—Sloe was the most distinguished racer of his day, & was never beat. GOUTY'S COLTS are running with great credit in England. In 1806 four only started, of which one was a winner and when losing they came in with great credit, beating the get of Buzzard, Precipitate, Oscar, Sir Peter Teazle and others of the first character in England—In 1807 Mr. Weatherby (author of the Racing Calendar) writes to me under date Sept 12th, at which time the racing for that year was not over, that several of GOUTY's colts were winners, and one of them had the misfortune to break his shoulder, or it was supposed he would have been the best of his year in England. The season will commence on first March and terminate first August. R. RIVES February 10, 1808.
She being free to extend the knowledge of a medicine from which so much benefit has been received, she has authorized Mrs. Lee, the present proprietor, to state these particulars for the good of others. New-York, June 5, 1807. Philadelphia, May 22, 1806. TO H. LEE.
Having in a most singular manner, experienced in my family the astonishing efficacy of Hamilton's Worm Destroying Lozenges, prepared by the late Mr. Lee, I feel it my duty to add the following curious case to the list of remarkable cures performed by that celebrated medicine. My daughter at the age of 17 months was taken ill with those symptoms which are supposed to denote worms: after having tried a number of things which are said to be good in such cases, without any benefit, we had the attendance of a respectable physician; but she still continued to decline in health, and at the end of six months became so weak that she could not walk, nor keep food on her stomach, it was so extremely disordered. At this interesting period, one of our neighbours recommended your Lozenges so earnestly, we were induced to send to Mr. Birch's for a box of them; on her taking the third dose, according to the printed directions, there came from her a living animal about three quarters of an inch long and of a most frightful appearance, being very white, with a great number of legs, and something which resembled wings, by which it appeared to spring; and which it did repeatedly, to our great surprise, about the same distance that a small toad can hop on the ground. Its form was altogether unknown to every person who saw it. It lived in water about 18 hours. We afterwards put it in spirits, and it is now in the possession of Dr. Blight of this city. The child grew better from that day; in a very short period began to walk again, and is now in perfect health. WM. BRADLEY, Callowhill street, between 8th and 9th sts.
Any person may be satisfied of the accuracy and authenticity of this singular occurrence, by making enquiry in the neighborhood: many of the neighbors saw the creature alive, and are well acquainted with the above particular. W. B.
Among the symptoms attending worms, are, disagreeable breath, especially in the morning; bad and corrupted gums—itching in the nose and about the seat—convulsions and epileptic fits and sometimes privation of speech—starting and grinding of the teeth in sleep—irregular appetite; sometimes loathing food and sometimes voracious; purging, with slimy and foetid stools; Vomiting; Large and hard belly; Pains and sickness at the stomach; Pains in the head and thighs, with lowness of spirits; Slow fever, with small and irregular pulse; A dry cough; Excessive thirst; Sometimes pale and unhealthy countenance, and sometimes the face bloated and flushed. Persons affected with any of the above symptoms, should have immediate recourse to
HAMILTON'S WORM DESTROYING LOZENGES, which have been constantly attended with success in all complaints similar to those above described. A dose of this medicine given occasionally during the warm season, will effectually prevent the "vomiting and purging of children," a dreadful disorder which annually destroys thousands of the infant part of our citizens. Children generally take this medicine with eagerness; having a pleasing appearance and an agreeable taste. FOR SALE AS ABOVE, Hamilton's Essence and Extract of Mustard.
A safe and effectual remedy for acute and chronic Rheumatism, Gout, Rheumatic Gout, Palsy, Lumbago, Numbness, White Swellings, Chilblains, Sprains, Bruises, Pain in the Face and Neck, &c. "AN OUNCE OF PREVENTION IS WORTH A POUND OF CURE." For the prevention and cure of Bilious and Malignant Fevers is recommended Hahn's Anti-Bilious Pills. The operation of these pills is perfectly mild, so as to be used with safety by persons in every situation, and of every age. Hamilton's Elixir, A sovereign remedy for Colds, Obsolete Coughs, Asthma, Sore Throats, and approaching Consumption. To Parents who may have children afflicted with The Hooping Cough.
This disorder is of the first magnitude, as it affords immediate relief, checks the progress, and in a short time entirely removes the most cruel disorder to which children are liable. The Elixir is perfectly agreeable, and the dose so small, that no difficulty arises in taking it.
DEBATES
IN THE VIRGINIA CONVENTION ** SUBSCRIBERS to the Debates in the Virginia Convention, who have not yet received their copies, may receive them on application at this office. (5w)

FOR SALE, OR EXCHANGE FOR CITY PROPERTY, NO. 1 20 000 acres of land in Harrison county, state of Virginia, in 4 tracts of 5,000 acres each, on the waters of Elk and Little Kanawha, surveyed in 1784. 2. 2,500 acres on Hughes's river, in the same county, surveyed in 1783, being the moiety of a tract of 5,000 acres. 3. 1,300 acres of land in the district of Baird's Town, on Buck Fork, near Baird's Town, Kentucky. 4. A handsome Frame House, with 5 rooms on a floor, coach house, stables, smoke house, with the Lots on which they stand, and a garden adjoining, in a board fence, at Bath, Berkeley Springs, Virginia, suited for a family or a tavern. Also, one Out Lot of six acres, enclosed with a stone wall.
January 14, 1808 Joseph Gall go. w3m The subscriber will SELL, or exchange for land in the state of Ohio.
THE FARM WHEREON he now resides, containing 77 1-2 acres. This farm is particularly valuable for its contiguity to the city of Richmond, being near enough to give its occupant the advantages of a city residence, combined with the pleasure of a country life. The situation is high and beautiful, commanding a fine view of part of the city & capital, about 25 acres of this land is cleared and but little worn, is of a good soil, affords excellent water, and is believed to be remarkably healthy. On it is a thrifty young apple orchard of choice fruit, beginning to bear, and the improvements are new, and being such as would accommodate a small family.
January 26, 1808. Joseph Anthony. wtf
SALE OF NEGROES. IN pursuance of a deed of trust executed to me by John Ogilby of the county of Person, North Carolina, for purposes therein expressed, I shall on the first day of April next, if fair, if not the next fair day, proceed to sell, at the Red House in Caswell county, (N. C.) to the highest bidder, for ready money, the following SLAVES to wit; James, Davey, Tom, Adam, Bob and Major, or as many of them as will be sufficient to answer the purposes of said deed.
March 4th, 1808. Wm. S. Archer. wtds
BY VIRTUE of a deed of trust executed to Edward P. Chamberlayne, dec. and myself by James B. Littlepage, to secure the payment of sundry debts therein mentioned, due by the said Littlepage, to Benjamin Mosby, assignee of William Dandridge. I shall on Wednesday the first day of June next, proceed to sell to the highest bidder, for ready money, at King William courthouse, a certain tract or parcel of LAND, lying and being in the parish of St. John's, and county of King William, and commonly known as and called by the name of Palmers, containing by estimation Four Hundred and Fifteen Acres of high Land, and One Hundred Acres of Marsh Land, be the same more or less, and bounded by the lands of Bernard Moore, William Gregory, George W. P. Custis and John Quarles, dec. and Matapony River. BERN'D LIPSCOMB. February 24, wtds-
BY VIRTUE of a deed of trust executed to us by Ambrose Dudley of King William county, to secure a debt due by the said Ambrose Dudley to Benjamin Mosby, assignee of William Dandridge—We shall proceed to sell, for ready cash, for the best price that can be obtained, on the premises, on the second day of June next, a certain Tract or Parcel of Land, lying and being in the county of King William, being the same on which the said Dudley now resides, and the same which the said Dudley purchased of William Dandridge, containing 602 acres, or so much thereof as will be sufficient to pay the sum of 400 pounds, current money, with legal interest thereon from the 1st day of April, 1807, till payment, together with all expenses attending the execution thereof. BERN'D LIPSCOMB. NATH'L FOX. 26th February, 1808. wtds
HERRINGS, &c. 100 barrels Herrings, 50 boxes Chocolate, 12 pipes French Brandy, 5 pipes Gin, 1000 lbs. Seine Twine, wrapping Twine, 30 kegs FF Gun Powder, Patent Shot, 40 barrels Livers or Currier's Oil, 119 reams Sheathing Paper, 50 dozen Spades and Shovels, 3 tons Sheet Iron, 4000 lbs. Sheet Copper and Copper Bottoms, 2 tons German Steel, 20 tons Grind Stones, 300 Weeding Hoes, 20,000 Horse Shoe Nails, Screws and Bails for raising mill stones, Paints, Oil, Putty, Window Glass, with a large and general assortment of
Hardware & Ironmongery, For sale by BREAM & FOLLET, At the Sign of the Anvil, Main Street, Richmond. March 2, 1808. wtf At a Court held for Cumberland County 25th January, 1808. JOHN ANDERSON, Plaintiff, AGAINST JOHN HOLLAND & JAMES HOLLAND, Defendants. ery.
THIS day came the plaintiff, by his attorney, and the defendant John, not having entered his appearance and given security according to law and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that he is not an inhabitant of this state; On the motion of the plaintiff by his attorney aforesaid, It is ordered, that the said defendant John, do appear here on the fourth Monday in April next and answer the plaintiff's bill, and that a copy of this order be published in one of the public news papers printed in the city of Richmond for three months successively and posted at the front door of the courthouse of this county. A copy—Attest, (126) MILLER WOODSON, CLK.
FOR RENT, And immediate possession given, A Store & Lumber-House, At that well known place the Piping Tree, in King William county. It is necessary to observe that few stands for a country store can excel it, it being situated in a wealthy neighborhood, on Pamunkey, a branch of York river—where vessels that will carry from 3 to 4000 bushels of grain can load at the door.
January 26, 1808. Mary King. wtf
Charlotte Court, 1st February, 1808. JOSEPH OLIVER, Plaintiff, In AGAINST WILLIAM BAKER, Deft. } Chancery. THE defendant not having entered his appearance according to the act of Assembly and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that he is not an inhabitant of this state, on the motion of the plaintiff by his attorney, it is ordered that he appear here on the first day of May next and enter his appearance and that a copy of this order be inserted in one of the newspapers printed in Richmond, for two months successively, and posted at the front door of the courthouse of the said county.
A Copy—Attest, THOMAS READ, CLK. Dr. Barton's Edition Of the Whole Works of ST. PIERRE. A PROPOSAL BY BIRCH AND SMALL, OF PHILADELPHIA, For Publishing by Subscription, The Studies of Nature, And other works of James Henry Bernardin De St. Pierre, TRANSLATED BY HENRY HUNTER, D. D. Author of Sacred Biography and Translator of the Works of Lavater. With the addition of A large body of Original Notes and Illustrations by BENJAMIN BARTON, M. D. Of Philadelphia.
Extract from the Monthly Review , vol 75, page 522 THIS is a first rate publication. Its plan is irregular, but most extensive; for it takes in the whole compass of Nature (that is, what we can see or conjecture of it) both in the Physical and Moral world. It is in point of originality, one of the most remarkable productions we have met with, for besides a multitude of new ideas the old ones acquire an aspect of novelty in passing through this author's pen, and we do not recollect any writer who has drawn so constantly from an internal fund of native genius and deep observation. He attacks, without respect of persons, what he looks upon as erroneous; but his attacks are always conducted with decency, candor and amenity. He never quits the main ground of genuine religion. Extract from the Monthly Review , vol 34 new series "Of the Studies of Nature we formerly gave our opinion, which the suffrage of the public for a period of fifteen years has abundantly confirmed. We praise the work for the boldness and originality of conception on which the plan was formed; for its comprehensiveness, being commensurate in a certain sense, with nature itself; for the native genius and deep research with which the author treats, embellishes and enriches his subject; and for the elegant and lively diction in which he discusses topics, which, under the pen of an ordinary writer would have been dull, elaborate and revolting, &c. &c."
CONDITION OF PUBLICATION. It shall be printed in three handsome Octavo Volumes, from the last London edition, embellished with five engravings, executed in the best manner & be delivered to subscribers handsomely bound—Price nine dollars. Subscriptions received at this Office.
For Sale, BY virtue of a deed of trust executed by Samuel Adams to the said subscriber, and for the purpose of completing the object of the said trust, the following property will be offered for sale, on the premises, on the 28th day of March, 1808, to the highest bidder; all that parcel of LAND, near Cumberland courthouse, commonly called and known by the name of Adams' Tenement; containing between 28 and 30 acres of land, with 3 or 4 houses, a good stable, garden and other conveniences for the accommodation of a family. SAMUEL HOBSON, Trustee. December 28, 1807. (wtds.)
Mr. PLEASANTS. You will insert the following certificate six weeks in the Argus , as I think it is a duty I owe to myself and friends, and oblige yours respectfully. S. FUQUA. State of North Carolina, Caswell county. WE do hereby certify, that on or about the 8th day of January last, James Orr, one of the justices of the peace of said county, committed to the jail of said county, a negro man who called his name PETER D. JONES, and who had passed as a free man, in said county, the last nine or ten months next preceding his commitment. The said negro was committed under an act of assembly of this state, which subjects any free man trading with a slave, to pay a penalty of ten pounds or remain in close jail three months, should the person so offending refuse or be unable to pay the fine. The said negro Peter D. Jones, remained in the jail of said county until the court of pleas and quarter sessions, held in said county in the month of January last; when on the third day of said court James Miller, esquire known to said court that the said negro was not a free man, and that his name was ISAAC, and a fugitive from justice, the said negro having been condemned to suffer death by the county court of Pittsylvania, Va. some time in the beginning of the year 1807. On which information the court of this county, then sitting, ordered the said negro to be kept in close custody until applied for by the executive of Virginia or some other proper authority.—We do further certify that on the fourth day of this present month, Samuel Fuqua made application to the sheriff of this county for the said negro Isaac, & on satisfactory evidence made by him the said Fuqua to the sheriff, the said sheriff did, on the said day, deliver unto the said Fuqua the said negro Isaac. Given under our hands this 5th day of February 1808. HENRY ATKINSON, Justice of Peace. SOLOMON GRAVES, Justice of Peace.
A NEW SYSTEM OF DOMESTIC COOKERY, Formed upon PRINCIPLES of Economy, and adapted to the use of Private Families. Just Published and for sale at this Office, MEMOIRS WILLIAM SAMPSON, Including particulars of his adventures in various parts of Europe; his confinement in the dungeon of the Inquisition in Lisbon, &c. &c. SEVERAL ORIGINAL LETTERS, Being his correspondence with the ministers of state in Great Britain and Portugal. A short sketch of the HISTORY OF IRELAND, Particularly as it respects the spirit of British Domination in that country; and a few observations on the state of manners, &c in America Also, Just received, A few additional copies of OIL without VINEGAR.
The Famous High Blooded English Horse HAMBLETON, BRED by the Duke of Grafton, a beautiful bright bay, near 16 hands high, of high form and elegance, rising 16 years old, in good health and great perfection, imported by Wm. Lightfoot, Esq. of Charles City county, will stand the ensuing season, at my plantation in Hanover county, 20 miles from Richmond and 2 from Hanover Town and New Castle, to cover mares at 6 guineas the season, for which a note will be required, dischargeable by the payment of 20 dollars at any time before the first of August next, when the season will expire, with one dollar to the groom for each mare, paid at the stable door. Ten dollars the single leap, and 40 dollars to insure a mare with foal. Good and extensive pasturage, well enclosed, with branches running through the flat land affording as good forward pastures as any in this part of the country, gratis. Servants that may be sent with mares will be boarded for two dollars per week, and mares fed, if required, on reasonable terms. The greatest attention will be paid by my overseer, Mr John Hog, but no liability for escapes or accidents. * Any gentleman putting 6 mares to Hambleton may send one gratis. February 15, 1808. GEORGE BLAKEY.
PEDIGREE. Hambleton was got by Dungannon, sire of Bedford and one of the best sons of O'Kelly's famous Eclipse, who was esteemed to be the best horse in England of his day, and covered at fifty guineas—his dam by Snap, sister to Jupiter, bred by Mr Cross, 1793—her dam, Young Marsk's dam, by Blank, Stirling, Miss Meynell, by Partner, Greyhound, Curwen, Bay Barb, Lord D'Arcy's Arabian, Whittier, Old Montagu mare. Thus it appears he descended from the best running stock in England.
PERFORMANCES This horse ranks very high as a racer, both for speed and bottom, as he proved successful in 20 races before he left the turf, 4 of which he walked over, none venturing to start against him. In '94 at Hambleton, Yorkshire, on Wednesday, May 14th, he won a sweepstakes of ten gs each, for 3 year olds, 6 subscribers, 2 miles, beating Mr Beethell's b f by Magnum Bonum , Pierce's b f by Young Marsk, Turner's Confederacy, and Graddock's ch c Leicester. At York he won 50f, for 3 year olds, beating Lowther's ch c Griffin, Crompton's ch c Ambush, Sheppard's Madcap, Clifton's ch c Cedar, and Garforth's ch c even beating on Ambush against the field. At Manchester, in June, he won 50f for 3 year olds, two mile heats, beating Foreigner and Loyalist. At Stockton, Sept. 20, he won a sweepstakes of 20 gs each, 5 subscribers, then Sir H. Williamson's property, formerly Mr Hutchinson's, beating Field's Highlander, out of Wren and Turner's Dolphin.—In 1795, Hambleton won 5 times, to wit: a hundred plate of 50f 2 mile heats, at 4 years old, beating Insect, Blacklegs and Warthin's b c 5 years old. At Edinburgh, July 20, he won his majesty's plate of 100 gs 4 years old, 4 mile heats, beating Greyhound's b f Archer, 6 years old, Mr Peacock's ch c Farmer, and Mr Wilson's Greeping Kate. At Dumfries in Oct. he won 50f beating Lord Darlington's b m Constant. In 1796, Hambleton won at Kelso, Oct. 5, a purse of 50 gs beating Mr Baillie's Black Cock. In 1797, he won 9 times, to wit:—At Middleham, in Yorkshire, a sweepstakes of ten gs each, 5 subscribers, 3 mile heats, beating Merry Lad and Arthur. At Edinburgh, on Wednesday the 26th, 50 gs for all ages, beating Eliza Fox and Betsey. On Friday the 28th, the ladies subscription purse of 50 gs beating Fletcher's Jane. At Montrose, in Scotland, August, he walked over the ground for a 50f plate, and also walked over the ground for a subscription of 50f. At Kelso, Oct. 16 for a plate of 50 gs he walked over the ground—and also his majesty's 100 gs given to the Caledonian Hunt, for any horse, &c carrying 12 st 4 mile heats, then 6 years old, he won against Mr Wensworth's Trimbush, Piermont's Trimmer, aged, and Kinkade's Hector, aged—and Saturday following a purse of 50f given by the Hunt, free for any horse, &c. beating Farewell and Rotifer. At Carlisle he won 100 gs for Sir Sitwell, beating his b f by Meteor. In 1798, he won at Edinburgh, August, 50f for all ages, beating Maxwell's Arab, and Mr Maclie's Hip popotamus. At Montrose he won a plate of 50 gs for all ages, beating Pitforth and Contracor. See the racing Calendars for the foregoing years. Wm LIGHTFOOT.
Colt's Performances—London. Hambleton's colts also rank very high as racers, both for speed and bottom, as they proved themselves good runners in England. In 1805, at Catterick bridge, on Thursday 18th, Wensworth's b c Silverheels of Hambleton, two years old, won a sweepstakes of ten gs 8 subscribers, two miles, beating Mr Riddell's b c by Overton, dam of Spaymaster; Mr Lonsdale's ch c by Piperdam dam by Piperdam; Lord Strathmore's g f by Overton, dam by Dolphin.—Several others also started but were not placed.—Durham, Wednesday 24th, a Maiden Plate of 50f, given by the country members, for all ages, 3 mile heats. Sir H. Williamson's b c by Hambleton, 2 years old, run 4 heats, and proved second best—and 4 others started and proved themselves good runners.
CERTIFICATES. London, 17th February, 1806. William Lightfoot, Esq. Dear Sir,—Hambleton ought to stand very high with you, as his colts in this country turn out excellent runners, &c. Ro. Crew. Charlotte, 10th May, 1806. I put five mares to Hambleton, and they all proved in foal, and the colts fine and large—I also have a mare which has bro't me four colts, one by Diomed, one by Dragon, one by Seagull, and another by Hambleton, and the Hambleton colt has the preference of either: I think her one of the finest fillies, both in size and figure that I ever saw.—Given under my hand. Henry Lester.
Lunenburg, 5th May, 1806. This will certify that I put a mare to Hambleton in 1804, when he stood at Mr. H. Lester's in Charlotte county, and am as well pleased, if not better, with the colts by him, than with any the same mare ever had—she previously bred by Coeur de Lion, Diomed, Quicksilver and Dion Thos Lester. Charlotte county. In the year 1804 I put a mare to Hambleton, then kept by Mr. H. Lester of this county, and am fully persuaded that it is the best colt the mare ever had, and is in my estimation the best colt I ever bred from any horse—I moreover never have heard of any complaining of their colts from that horse. I herewith certify that Mr. Wm. Lightfoot's horse Hambleton, stood at my stable the last season, and that he has proved an excellent foal getter; his colts would do credit to any horse on the continent. Mr. Wm. Morris of this county and I put five mares each, all of which proved in foal. Given under my hand this 7th day of May, 1806. John Thornton.
DOMESTIC COOKERY, Formed upon PRINCIPLES of Economy, and adapted to the use of Private Families. Just Published and for sale at this Office, MEMOIRS WILLIAM SAMPSON, Including particulars of his adventures in various parts of Europe; his confinement in the dungeon of the Inquisition in Lisbon, &c. &c. SEVERAL ORIGINAL LETTERS, Being his correspondence with the ministers of state in Great Britain and Portugal. A short sketch of the HISTORY OF IRELAND, Particularly as it respects the spirit of British Domination in that country; and a few observations on the state of manners, &c in America Also, Just received, A few additional copies of OIL without VINEGAR.
Albemarle county, Temple Hill, (Va) I do hereby certify that Mr Wm Lightfoot's English horse Hambleton, stood at my stable two seasons, viz in 1806 and 1807; and I consider him to be an excellent sire foal getter, as any horse that I have been acquainted with—I have seen a number of his colts: I consider them large, fine and handsome—Not one that I have seen was indifferent—I have previously put my fine mare Lady Slipper to Precipitate, Knowsley and Hambleton, and she brought a colt by each, the Hambleton I consider much preferable. Given under my hand 10th December, 1807 James Kinsolving.
Charlotte County, 6th May, 1806. We the undersigned subscribers had colts dropped last season by Hambleton, and they are esteemed by us and we believe by the neighbours generally, to be remarkable good colts; being for the most part large, fine and handsome. We also believe that the season he stood in this country, he got as many colts as any horse could get with the same number of mares. William Mitchell, James Lantin, Glenn Smithson, Overton Pettus, Thomas Pettus, Wm. L. Morton, W. B. Lester. THE IMPORTED HORSES, Diomed & Robin Redbreast, Stand the ensuing season at my stables, to be let to mares—Term made known in due time. Thomas Goode. February 16, 1808.
The Imported Horse PAUL, Formerly St. Paul, IS a beautiful sorrel, 15 hands 3 inches high, remarkable for his elegance, beauty, strength and fine bone, will stand the ensuing season at my plantation, in Powhatan county, on James river, 3 miles above the Manakin Town ferry, and about the same distance below Jude's ferry, to cover mares at 25 dollars the season, but may be discharged by the payment of 18 dollars, or the price of 18 bushels of wheat at Dover mill in Goochland county, if paid by the first day of December next, with half a dollar to the groom. As good and extensive pasturage as any in Virginia gratis, and mares fed with corn at the market price, if the money is sent with them; and servants boarded at six shillings per week, and the greatest attention paid to the mares, but no liability for escapes or other accidents.—The season will commence the first day of March and end the first day of August. This beautiful horse PAUL, was raised by the Prince of Wales, & got by his horse Saltram, who was got by O'Kelly's Eclipse, his dam Virago, by Snap; Paul's dam Purity, was got by Matchem; her dam the Old Squirt mare, of as great fame as any mare in the kingdom.—Paul's colts are equal to any horse's in Virginia, and he is a sure foal getter; several of his colts may be seen at his stand. THOMAS HARRIS, Jr. Powhatan, Feb. 29, 1808. Millwood.
Advertisement. THE sale not having taken place at the time appointed in a former advertisement; will be sold, on Friday the 6th day of May next, for ready money, on the premises, a
Valuable Tract of Land, lying in the county of Halifax on Staunton river, containing seven hundred and twenty five acres, more or less; it was once the property of Samuel Beall, was sold by him to Wm. Moseley, and mortgaged by Moseley to Robert Andrews and John Pierce, trustees of Beall, to secure the payment of the purchase money.—The indenture of mortgage, which was recorded in the general court, bears date the 22d day of June 1795. At the same time and place, such of the SLAVES as are described in the said mortgage, and may be produced by the said Moseley, will also be sold for cash.—The sale is made by virtue of a decree of the superior court of chancery for the Richmond district, pronounced in a suit therein depending, in which the said Pierce, surviving trustee is plaintiff, and the said Moseley is defendant, and for the purpose of raising the following sums, with interest, viz. 1081. 15s with interest at the rate of 5 per cent, from the 1st of January 1793—1051. 2s. 6d. with like interest from the 1st day of January 1794—1011. 10s. with like interest from the 1st day of January 1795—971. 17s. 6d. with like interest from the 1st day of January 1796—961. 5s. with like interest from the 1st day of January 1797—811. 14s. with like interest from the 14th day of July 1802—and 35 dollars 88 cents, the costs of the suit. The residue of the money decreed to be raised the plaintiff does not pretend to claim, as appears by an endorsement made by the clerk of the said court on the order dissolving an injunction obtained by John B. Scott, to stay the sale of the said land, which endorsement is copied from a writing filed in the suit first above mentioned by the plaintiff's agent and attorney.
THE COMMISSIONERS. Richmond, March 11, 1808. wtds COUNCIL CHAMBER, February 25, 1808. PROPOSALS will be received by the Executive on the 25th day of March next, for furnishing the Public Guard with cloathing for the present year. Also at the same time proposals will be received for furnishing the diet of the Convicts in the penitentiary, for one year from the 17th day of April next. DANIEL L. BYLTON, C. C. Just Received at this Office, Numbers 2 and 3, of The American Military Library, Or, Repository of Modern Tactics,
Thenoted & much admired ENGLISH HORSE Jack Andrews; IMPORTED by W. Lightfoot, Esq. of Charles City county, and now his property, full 15 and a 1-2 hands high, a blood bay, finely formed, in high health, vigor and spirit, the most active and best bottomed horse ever imported into this country, now rising 14 years old.
Will stand the ensuing season at Temple Hill, on Mechan's river, in Albemarle county, ten miles above Charlottesville, within 1 mile of German's mill and 2 miles of the brick tavern, and will be let to mares at five guineas the season, which may be discharged by the payment of 20 dollars if paid by the 10th day of August. Gentlemen's notes will be required with their mares for 5 guineas discharged as above; 3 guineas the leap, and 40 dollars to insure a mare to be with foal, and one dollar with each mare to the groom; the leap and groom money to paid when the mare is covered. Provided the mare is changed the owner shall be liable. The season will commence the first day of March and end the first day of August. Extensive low and high ground pasturage, well enclosed, in three separate fields, gratis. Servants will be boarded at $2 per week, and grain will be furnished at the market price and given in manner and quantity agreeably to direction, and all possible care taken to prevent accidents and escapes but will not be liable for any that may happen. JAMES KINSOLVING, For William Lightfoot.
This celebrated horse's performances in England, has not been inferior to any horse there, except his brother Dick Andrews, who is considered now the best horse in that country, giving 7 pounds—Jack Andrews won twice in 1797, then Mr. Lord's property—See Racing Calendars for that year. At Worcester, July 5th, a maiden plate of £50 for 3 years old, 6 stone, 4 mile heats, was won by Jack Andrews, at 3 heats, beating Mr. Darlington's ch f Miss Edwin, 4 years old; Mr. Atkinson's ch m Priscilla, aged; Sir W. W. Wynns's b r Sweet Buttermere, 5 years old; Mr. Hardin's b r Eglantine, 4 years old. Sturminster, October 7th—The town purse of £50 4 mile heats, was won by Jack Andrews, 3 years old, at 3 heats, beating Mr. Betteson's Little Pickle, 4 years old; Mr. Barlow's Roderick, 4 years old; Mr. Denham's Honest Tom, 6 years old; Sir W. W. Wynns's b h True blue, 5 years old. In 1798, at Nantwich, Thursday, July 8th—£50, for 2 and 4 years old, he won, beating Mr. Bayley's ch c Cannon, 4 years old; Stamford's b f of Scotland, 3 years old. Denby, August 15th—He won £50, free for anyone, beating Lilly of the Valley, Falcone and True Blue.—In 1799, he won twice, to wit: At Ludl w, on Friday, the 4th of July, 4 mile heats, free for all ages, beating Lord Oxford's ch c Dart at 3 heats. At Worcester, August 8th—He won the city and county subscription of £50 4 mile heats, at 3 heats, beating Mr. Arley's filly Duchess, 3 years old; Mr. Coventry's b h Integrity, late Partner; Mr. Snell's ch g Hock, 5 years old—after the first heat 4 to 1 on her; after the second heat 4 to 1 on Jack Andrews.
In 1800 he won 6 times, to wit: At Lewes, then the property of Major Cooke, August 12th, he beat Lord Sackville's b h Labour, 4 mile heats for 50 guineas.—At Oxford, the town purse of £50, in August, was won by Jack Andrews, at 4 heats, beating Sir F. Poole's ch m Duchess of Limbs, 5 years old; Lord Donaghlan's b h Wrangle distanced the 4th heat—September, at Warwick, he won the town purse of £50, 4 mile heats, beating Mr. Tharm's b h Marquis, Mr. Brooke's b h Sheshire, Mr. Edwards' b m Duchess.
At Abingdon, Tuesday, September 16th, the members' purse of £50, for all ages, 4 mile heats was won by Jack Andrews, at 3 heats, beating Sir F. Poole's b m Mistress, 5 years old, Mr. Whelley's ch h Expectation, Mr. Prigley's b h Cupid—six to four on Mistress. In 1801, Jack Andrews at New Market, April 20th, received forfeit from Mr. Hetherstone's Symmetry, 8 stone, 5 lb, 200 guineas, half forfeit. Behury, June 16th—The Behury stakes, a handicap of 100 guineas each, half forfeit, 4 mile heats, was won by Jack Andrews, aged, beating Lord Sackville's b h Expectation, 5 years old, Sir H. Vane's Cock fighter, 5 years old, Mr. Hethcoat's Hipponia, aged, his royal highness the Prince of Wales's b h Dick Andrews, Mr. Hethcoat's Popsy and Cox's Edwin. June 17th, a sweepstakes of 5 guineas each, 20 subscribers was won by Jack Andrews, beating col. Greville's Lady Catherine, Mr. Howorth's Snuff Box.
Bedford, September 10th—The Woburn Stake of 10 guineas each, 4 miles, 5 subscribers, was won by his royal highness the Prince of Wales's b h Jack Andrews, aged, beating Mr. Watson's b h Triumvir, Mr. Galding's b h Skyrocket. Enfield, September 23, £50, for all ages, 4 mile heats, was won by Jack Andrews, aged, at 3 heats, beating Mr. Prigley's g g Ploughboy, Velvet horse Little Thought, Of, Hephæstion and Conestor—See Racing Calendars for these years. It would swell an advertisement to too great length to mention all the races he has won. Sweepstakes of 20 guineas each, 2 miles, 5 subscribers, Mr. Roake's Jack Andrews, aged, 11 st. 7 lb, walked over.—See Racing Calendar for 1802, page 385. At Lambourne, in Sept. Wednesday 10th, he won the £50 gift of Lord Craven, 4 mile heats, at 4 heats, beating Mr. Coventry's ch h Sarcipant, Mr. Bacon's b m Snap.
WILLIAM LIGHTFOOT. PEDIGREE Jack Andrews was got by Joe Andrews, his dam by Highflyer, his granddam Cardinal Puff, his great granddam by Tatler, his great granddam by Snip, his great great granddam by Lord Godolphin's Arabian, his great great granddam by Stanyan's Arabian, which mare was own sister to Frampton's White Neck, full sister to the Minbury Galloway, great great great great granddam by Sauce Box, a son of Gegg, sire of Croft's Old Partner. JAMES LORD, (Seal) I do hereby certify that the above pedigree is a true copy from the original one sent me by Lord. Given under my hand and seal this 23d of December, 1804. WILLIAM LIGHTFOOT, (Seal) Joe Andrews was got by Eclipse, his dam Almandra by Osnaburg, her dam Cloudy by Blank—Grab, Wedding mare by Partner—General Stud Book, page 6th, printed in 1803, by James Weatherby.