Virginia Argus (Richmond, Va.), 1805-05-15 00:00:00

VIRGINIA ARGUS
[VOL. XII.]
A FREE PRESS MAINTAINS THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE PEOPLE.
[1155.]
RICHMOND:—PRINTED (ON WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS) BY SAMUEL PLEASANTS, JUNIOR, PRINTER TO THE COMMONWEALTH.
[Four Dollars Per Annum...paid in advance.]
WEDNESDAY, MAY 15, 1805.
[12 1-2 Cents Single.]
NOTICE.
IS hereby given to the creditors of HOOPER & TOLLE, against whom a commission of bankruptcy has been issued according to law, that the commissioners and assignees of their estate will meet at their office in the city of Richmond on Saturday the first of June next at eleven o'clock, A. M. in order to make a dividend of their estate and effects; when those creditors who have not proved their debts must come prepared, or they will be excluded the benefit of said dividend.
Marcus Elcan, William Temple, } Assignees. Richmond, 13th April, 1805.
Gloucester Low Grounds FOR SALE.
WILL BE SOLD, on the premises, for ready money, on the 24th day of May next, under a decree of the court of Gloucester county, two hundred and seventy seven acres of LAND, lying in the parish of Abingdon, and county of Gloucester. This land joins the lands of Colonel Thomas Lewis and John Sewell, Esq. of excellent quality for the production of corn and barley, lies extremely convenient to the Severn river, where fish and oysters are both abundant and excellent.
Thomas Lewis, John Sewell, John Lewis, } Commissioners. Joseph Cluverius, March 29, 1805.
Geo. Watt
HAS removed from the store he formerly occupied to a brick house on the cross street leading from the main street to Shockoe warehouse, where he has on hand and offers to dispose of on moderate terms, by wholesale,
The following Articles, viz: Loaf and Muscovado Sugars, N. England, W. Island, and Antigua Rum, Cognac, Barcelona and Apple Brandy, Sherry and Malaga Wine, Coffee of a superior quality, Molasses, Ginger and Fig Blue, Young Hyson and Imperial Tea, 400 Sacks Liverpool Salt, Patent Shot, assorted sizes—And The remainder of his Stock of Dry Goods, consisting principally of articles suited to the present and approaching season, which he will either sell on a credit of 3, 6 and 9 months, for notes negotiable at the Bank of Virginia, or approved endorsements, or barter for Tobacco, Flour or Hemp. Cash given for Tobacco. Richmond, 22d March, 1805.
RU
away from the subscriber about the 13th January last, a negro man named ADAM, about 23 years of age, of a dark complexion, about 5 feet high, has a small scar on his forehead; had on when he went away an ozanburgs shirt, short coat and pantaloons of blue plains, and common felt hat; he had sundry other clothing which it is supposed he carried with him, as they have not been seen since he escaped. He was purchased of Mr. Gabriel Tuttle near Culpeper courthouse, by Mr. John Mullins, about 18 months past, of whom the subscriber purchased immediately afterwards; the said fellow has a wife at Dr. Claggett's, who resides at Culpeper courthouse; it is probable he may be harboured by his wife at this place. Whoever will deliver the said fellow to the subscriber living in Albemarle county near Charlottesville, shall receive a reward of Thirty Dollars, or if secured in any jail so that I get him again Twenty Dollars. JOHN CLARKSON. 23d Feb. 1805.
PRECIPITATE,
IMPORTED by Mr. Lightfoot of Sandy Point, last winter, full 15 hands and a half high; will stand at my stable in Chesterfield county, Appomattox river, 15 miles above Petersburg, to be let to mares at ten guineas a mare, two of which will be remitted if paid within the season, which will commence the 10th of March, & expire the 1st of August next. Board of servants gratis; mares may be fed with grain at two shillings per day. I have large and extensive pasturage, divided in five different inclosures, that mares with foals may be kept distinct from barren mares. One dollar to the groom. No liability for accidents of any description. PRECIPITATE was bred by Lord Egremont, foaled in 1787, got by Mercury (a son of Eclipse) dam by Herod, his granddam Maiden by Matchem, out of Mr. Pratt's old Squirt mare; her dam by Mogul—Camilla by Bay Bolton—Old Lady dam of Sterling by Puffine's chesnut Arabian—Rockwood Bustler.
PERFORMANCE. In the first spring meeting, 1790, at New-Market, when 3 years old, he won the first class of the princes stakes of 100 guineas each, beating Thunderbolt, Chanticleer, and Sir Pepper, four having paid the forfeit. In the same week he won the Bolton stakes of 50 guineas each, beating Chambeon, Dragon and Pallafon; 7 paid forfeit. Second spring meeting he won the 3d class of the princes stakes of 100 guineas, beating Thunderbolt; 7 paid forfeit. And in the same week he received 100 guineas forfeit from Lord Grosvenor's Radamantus.
In 1792 he won £ 50 at Guildford, beating Doge, Thunderbolt, Saragossa and Stout; the next day £ 50 at the same place, beating Cardock and Griffin. He also won the king's 100 guineas, at Lewis, beating Skyscraper at 3 heats, the 1st being a dead heat. After which he was so highly esteemed that he became a stallion in his Lordship's stud at 12 guineas a mare. This horse is the sire of the following running horses in England: Johnquill, Petworth, Matrana, Rosalba. Chesnut colt out of Bobtail. Chesnut colt out of Rosemary, Hamburg, Lazarus, Ragulier, Apollo, Gulliver, Tag, Louisa, Tipstaff, Mr. Heathcote's filly out of Reeves, Alchymist, Clodhopper, Grey filly his R. H. Lampadusa, Mars, Mary, Matrance, Bay filly Mr. Brown's, Grey filly Mr. Radcliffe's, Tax, Tipstaff and Bobtail. Feb. 20, 1805. THOMAS GOODE.
FROM SOUTH AMERICA. THE BEAUTIFUL SPANISH HORSE, APPALUSIA.
WILL stand the ensuing season, at my plantation Chickahominy, near the new bridges, and will be let to mares at the moderate price of ten dollars the season, payable the first of Oct. next, but notes (to be sent with the mares) may be discharged by paying eight dollars on or by the 1st of August, when the season will end. Insurance fifteen dollars (notes sent as above, payable 1st March, 1806.) And four dollars each the leap. In either case 25 cents to the groom, to be paid down. Mares will be led with clover and lucerne gratis, and corn if required, at the felling price. I have 20 spare falls in a strong new stable, with substantial locks, where they may be kept of nights, but will not be answerable for escapes. APPALUSIA is lately from South America, about ten years old, 15 hands high, of a beautiful snow white colour, and most elegantly formed. It is unnecessary to point out the great superiority of this excellent breed of horses for the saddle, harness, &c. as it is generally known that they are well gaited, gentle, and the most hardy and thrifty horses in the world, and many live to be upwards of 50 years old. APPALUSIA stood in Augusta the season before last, where he proved to be a certain foal getter, and many of his colts would have sold for 200 dollars cash at a day old. A few mares were put to him the last season, (having bought him late) all of which proved with foal. BENJAMIN DUVAL. February 15th, 1805.
TO RENT, AND possession given the 8th day of March next, a commodious dwelling HOUSE, now occupied by Mrs. Galt.—For terms apply to David Lambert. (tf) February 22d, 1805.
MILLINERY.
MRS. BUCKNER having commenced business in Manchester in the line of MILLINERY & MANTUA MAKING, respectfully solicits the patronage of her friends and the public. She has on hand at present a small assortment of the articles necessary in that line of business, and shortly expects to receive from New-York an additional supply. All commands from the country will be faithfully and punctually attended to. (tf)
THE HOUSE & LOT,
ON Shockoe Hill, lately occupied by Mr. John Pendleton, now newly painted and repaired, and in every respect fit for the immediate reception of a family, having all necessary out-houses, &c. Apply to Benjamin Wolfe, adjoining the premises, or to Joseph Gallego. (tf) April 22, 1805.
TO BE RENTED,
For one or more years, and possession given the 15th of April next—a convenient Store & Dwelling-house, With three rooms below, and two above, with a fire place in two of the lower rooms, with a good dry cellar under them; a kitchen, smoke-house, garden, and two acres of land adjoining enclosed, part of which is well set with red clover. This tenement has been occupied for some years past by Messrs. Alban Gilpin & Co.; it is situated in a healthy and agreeable neighbourhood, is a fine stand for a country store, about 25 miles from Richmond, and not more than half a mile from the river, and in the midst of a fine wheat country.—For terms apply to the subscriber. SAM. PLEASANTS. Powhatan co. 4th Mar. 1805. (tf)
Two Brick Tenements,
Adjoining the house of Mr. Benjamin Mosby. JOHN PENDLETON. City of Richmond, Nov. 10th, 1804. (tf)
Dissolution of Partnership.
THE late firm of PRICE & HARRIS having been dissolved on the 21st inst. by the death of the said Price—NOTICE is hereby given to all persons indebted to the said firm, to come forward immediately and discharge their respective balances—And all those having claims against the said firm are desired to bring them forward for adjustment on or before the 1st day of July next, being anxious to bring the business to a speedy close. THOMAS HARRIS, Jun. Servicing partner of the late firm of Price & Harris. Powhatan county, Apr. 30, 1805.
FOR SALE.
If not sold by the 15th of June next, it will be leased from five to ten years, and possession given on the first day of July next. WOODBURY MILLS. Lately built of brick and stone, 50 by 42 feet, three stories high, with a durable stone dam, two pair Burr and one pair Cologne stones, with elevators, screens, bolting cloths, &c. on the most approved construction and now in complete order for business; situated on a constant stream, in the midst of a delightful wheat country, in the county of Powhatan, only one and a half miles from James river, and 23 miles above Richmond. To the mill will be attached a lot of about 100 acres land, on which stands a commodious two story dwelling house and other necessary offices, handsomely enclosed, under a post and rail fence, with garden paled in, all new, being lately finished; a cooper's and blacksmith's shop, miller's house, houses for the accommodation of the workmen, and excellent water very convenient for all purposes—Terms may be known on application to the subscriber. THOMAS HARRIS, Jun. Powhatan county, April 30, 1805. (tf)
FOR SALE.
THE subscriber wishes to sell for cash, or on credit till the first day of January next, the Two Brick Tenements, Adjoining the house of Mr. Benjamin Mosby. JOHN PENDLETON. City of Richmond, Nov. 10th, 1804. (tf)
FOR SALE.
THE subscriber wishes to sell for cash, or on credit till the first day of January next, the Two Brick Tenements, Adjoining the house of Mr. Benjamin Mosby. JOHN PENDLETON. City of Richmond, Nov. 10th, 1804. (tf)
FOR SALE.
THE subscriber wishes to sell for cash, or on credit till the first day of January next, the Two Brick Tenements, Adjoining the house of Mr. Benjamin Mosby. JOHN PENDLETON. City of Richmond, Nov. 10th, 1804. (tf)
NOTICE.
THE co-partnership of ROBERT GAMBLE & SONS, will be dissolved by mutual consent, on Saturday, the 11th instant. All persons indebted to the said firm, are earnestly entreated to make immediate payment to either of the subscribers. A compliance with this request will prevent the painful necessity of resorting to coercive measures. The books will be placed in the possession of Messrs. John and Robert Gamble, Jun. who are authorised to settle all accounts due by, or to the concern. RO. GAMBLE. JOHN C. GAMBLE. ROBERT GAMBLE, JR. Richmond, May 6th, 1805.
RO. GAMBLE.
JOHN C. GAMBLE. ROBERT GAMBLE, JR. Richmond, May 6th, 1805.
NOTICE.
The subscribers take this method of informing their friends and the public, that they intend carrying on the mercantile business under the firm of John & Robert Gamble, Jun. They are now receiving by the ship Rolla, a choice selection of LONDON GOODS, and daily expected from Liverpool, a general assortment of HARDWARE, &c. suitable for the season—which will be sold by the piece, package, or dozen, on the most moderate terms, for cash, merchandise country produce, or the usual credit to substantial and prudent customers. They have on hand, Madeira and Sherry Wine, Cognac Brandy, West India Rum, Whiskey, Sugar, Pepper, Allum, Copperas and Brimstone, (in pipes, bds. and casks,) Cotton and Wool Cards, Patent Shot, Steel, Bar Iron, Hollow Iron Ware, German Scythes, Cutting Knives and Whet Stones, Ozenburgs, Ticklenburgs and Brown Hessian, Snuff, Cut Herrings, &c. They also possess large and convenient brick warehouses covered with State, for receiving and storing Flour, Tobacco, &c. Those gentlemen who favor them with consignments, will find their charges reasonable, and may rely on their best exertions to afford satisfaction. The highest rates given for Bees Wax, good Bear, Deer and Otter Skins, and other shipping Furs. JOHN G. GAMBLE. ROBERT GAMBLE, Jun.
THE SUBSCRIBER (Robert Gamble, sen.)
avails himself of this opportunity to thank his numerous friends for the very large share of patronage he has received in the mercantile line—and hereby tenders to the public his future services as a Commission Merchant. He flatters himself, his long experience (with other circumstances unnecessary here to mention) entitles him to the confidence of those who may have business of that nature to transact in this city—assuring such of his best exertions to merit approbation. Those who yet remain indebted to the late firms of Gamble & Gratton, of Staunton, of Gamble & Temple, Robert Gamble & Co. and Robert Gamble & Co. of the City of Richmond, are once more earnestly requested to make immediate payment of their respective balances. Such as continue regardless of this last notice cannot expect longer indulgence. RO. GAMBLE. Richmond, May 6, 1805. ep3w wtf
NOTICE.
ALL persons indebted to the late firms of Buchanan, Dunlop & Co. Of Petersburg: Robert Pollok & Co. Of Richmond; and Dunlop, Pollok & Co. Of Manchester, Are hereby notified that James Dunlop, late a partner in the above concerns, has become purchaser of the outstanding debts; they will therefore be pleased to make payment to Mr. John Tompkins, residing in Richmond, or the subscriber, residing in Petersburg; who alone are authorised to make collections and grant discharges. Suits will be indiscriminately commenced against all who do not make payment before the first of February next. JOHN DUNLOP, Attorney for James Dunlop. Petersburg, Nov. 15, 1804. (tf)
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD.
RUN away from the subscriber about the end of Nov or early in Dec. a black servant named SAM, I believe about 19 or 20 years of age, very strong and likely for a man of his age. He was seen in the neighborhood of this place some time after he absented himself, but from his connections I have reason to suppose that he may be lurking about, or concealed by those connections in the counties of Powhatan or Cumberland. I will give the above reward if he is brought to me in this place, or ten dollars if secured in a jail so that I may get him. Arch'd. Freeland. Manchester, March 16, 1805. (tf)
BROKER'S OFFICE.
THE SUBSCRIBER HAS Opened a Broker's Office, Opposite the Union Tavern, and over the Counting-house of Thomas and Amos Ladd. All business confided to him will be transacted with strict fidelity. THOM. NORVELL. Richmond, October 3, 1804. (tf)
NOTICE.
WILL BE SOLD, on Saturday the 18th of the present month, for ready money, upon the premises. One Half-Acre Lot of Land, With its appurtenances, lying and being in Scuffletown, within one mile and a half of Richmond, being the same on which Chas. McCalister resides—The sale will be made by virtue of a deed of trust to me from the said McCalister, to secure certain sums of money due to Mr. James Bootrighth. WM. MANN, Trustee. Richmond, 6th May, 1805. (tf)
One Half-Acre Lot of Land,
With its appurtenances, lying and being in Scuffletown, within one mile and a half of Richmond, being the same on which Chas. McCalister resides—The sale will be made by virtue of a deed of trust to me from the said McCalister, to secure certain sums of money due to Mr. James Bootrighth. WM. MANN, Trustee. Richmond, 6th May, 1805. (tf)
CURRAN'S SPEECHES
FOR SUBSCRIBERS. Are just received at this Office.
FROM THE LITERARY MAGAZINE.
ON THE AMERICAN CONSTITUTION.
It is somewhat surprising that the merit of the government of the United States of America have not been more accurately discussed by European writers. It was this republic which exhibited the first instance, in the present century, of what could be effected by a people who were resolved to be free; and who by their successes, encouraged others to attempt to shake off the yoke by which they felt themselves oppressed; but they enjoyed advantages of which the nations of Europe were destitute. They had long been accustomed to live under a popular government, and had been educated amid the enjoyment of freedom, both civil and political; to them, therefore liberty was not a stranger, known only by distant report, with whose features they were not sufficiently acquainted to distinguish from the impostor licentiousness, that so often assumes her name, and counterfeits her pretensions. Their manners were not corrupt by the contagious example of those licentious courts, which consider religion only as a political machine to keep the people in subjection, and force on them an uniform profession of faith, while government itself may violate every obligation of morality. The jealousy and ambition of princes, instead of operating against us, was, by a concurrence of circumstances, directed against the power with which we are at variance; and at length openly favored our efforts. Under these advantages, we not only succeeded in vindicating our independence, but obtained leisure to exert our abilities in planning a form of government, which, if not perfect, seems at least well calculated to promote the happiness of a people, whose love of liberty is attempted with that of order and decency, and accompanied with the virtues of integrity, moderation and sobriety. Fortunately separated by the ocean from the present horrid scenes of war, we are undisturbed in the enjoyment of the advantages so dearly purchased. Our fields are not exposed to the irruptions of an irritated and licentious multitude; nor are we liable to see our country impoverished and its inhabitants sacrificed, by being forced into a concurrence with wild schemes of selfish ambition and the lust of power. The constitution of the American states deserves the greater attention, as it is the first that, since the improvements in the circumstances of society, which so honorably distinguished modern times, was founded on the free deliberation of men, who understood the nature of liberty, and were zealous in her cause; who while they despised the political and ecclesiastical prejudices, which are fostered in the countries of Europe knew the necessity of obedience to laws, and of a regard of religion and virtue, both in principle and practice and who were not fettered by that intimate political connection with foreign princes, which is always dangerous to the independence of republics. An attentive view of the harmony of the American revolution, will point out the cause why that of France has not been attended with more salutary consequences. The chief faults in the old confederation had their source in that jealousy of power, which generally prevails among a people who have shaken off what they conceive to be an oppressive yoke, and successfully asserted their liberties. Having long been accustomed to see authority and oppression united, they find it difficult to distinguish two ideas which they have acquired a habit of associating. They confess the necessity of laws to restrain licentiousness, as well as to regulate the proceedings of government: but they are apt to look with aversion on those who are appointed to execute them, as men who would wish to elevate themselves above the level of their fellow citizens, and to acquire a power independent of them—they forget that in a republic, the magistrate, of whom they are thus suspicious, holds his power only for a short period; that when this has expired, he must retire to the station of a private citizen; and, if he has laid any burthen on the community, must afterwards bear his portion of it. It must however be acknowledged, that some degree of this jealousy is not more natural to republicans, than it is necessary to prevent their government from degenerating into aristocracy; but when it is carried so far as to deprive the executive power of that vigor which is requisite to enforce the laws, and to maintain the constitution, it is pregnant with ruin to those liberties which it professes to guard. The grand voice of the American union was that which has generally attended federate governments, the want of sufficient sanction to its laws, or of power to compel the several members of it to comply with the conditions under which they were united. This was the fault of the feudal monarchies, which were only private bo-
dies, in which the king or liege lord, was a little more than the chief in a confederacy of petty sovereigns, each of whom had a supreme authority within his own territory; hence they were frequently engaged in wars, not only with each other, but also with their king, who had no other means of reducing them to the obedience than the precarious expedients of violence, in which it was impossible always to command success; hence the kingdoms of Europe were at that time continually involved in intestine war. The same vice pervaded the Amphictyonic and Achaian leagues of ancient Greece, and is found in the Germanic body; which would long have been dissolved, but for the vast influence which the house of Austria derives from its hereditary territories. The Helvetic league, though often mentioned as an instance of the permanence of federal states is equally faulty. The cantons had no common treasury, no common army, even in time of war, no common court of justice, nor any one property of federal government: they were kept together by the particular circumstances of their situation; by the consciousness which each has of its weakness as an individual state; the dread of powerful neighbors, to one of whom they were once enslaved; and by other considerations of similar nature. Whatever efficiency this league may have had in common cases, it has always been found impotent in differences of great importance. Disputes concerning religion have three times occasioned the most violent and bloody quarrels, &c have, in fact dissolved their union; for the Romish cantons have since held their separate assemblies, and very little business is transacted in the general diet. The history of the United Provinces affords strong proof that a sovereignty over sovereigns, a legislation to states, which does not extend to the individuals of each state, is not only a political absurdity, but is inconsistent with the order of the objects of civil government, by its tendency to substitute violence for law, and the compulsion of the sword for the coercion of the magistrate. The extreme facility with which both of these states have been lately overrun and subdued by their Gallic neighbors sufficiently proves, that their safety from foreign invasion and intestine war was built on foundations equally precarious.
It was another fault, that the constitution in each state was not guaranteed by the rest; by which I do not mean that congress should interfere with the domestic concerns of the states, nor that it should prevent them from effecting, in a peaceable and lawful manner, such alterations in their respective constitutions as the majority of citizens in each may deem necessary, but only that it should guard against such changes as may be produced by violence. The contribution of men and money to the union, by quotas assigned for each state; the want of a general and uniform power for regulating commerce, and of a national court of justice; the equality of the smaller with the larger states, with regard to the votes in congress; the power of each to issue popular currency; too frequent change in the members of congress; and the whole power of Legislation for the union being vested in a single assembly, were the principal imperfections in the old constitution of the States. The bad consequences of these are shown by what has since happened, both with regard to internal differences between the several states, and the want of the confidence of foreign powers in a confederation, for the continuance of which there was so little security. And yet when we consider the circumstances of the confederation, instead of wondering that it has these faults, we are only astonished that it has so few. The articles were drawn up, not in the cool hours of peace and security, when their authors had leisure to examine all the possible consequences of each, and could protract the conclusion until every difficulty could be removed; but they were planned amid the horrors of war, where immediate exertions were necessary against a common enemy; and when it was infinitely more prudent to produce with all expedition a plan of union, however imperfect, which might effect an immediate combination of the several states, than to consume their time in vain deliberations in search of a perfection, of which their actual situation rendered them incapable. It was probably never intended for a lasting, and certainly not for an unalterable constitution; but the American legislatures acted judiciously in not producing a second before the inconveniences of the first had been fully experienced. These inconveniences were felt, and induced the Americans, in the year 1787, to form a new constitution in which most of the imperfections of the former were avoided; and which, though not entirely perfect (for what can be so that is of human invention) is certainly the best republican government hitherto known.

RICHMOND PRICE CURRENT.
Table with 2 columns: Item, Price. Items include Tobacco, Wheat, Flour, Corn, Hemp, Iron, Bacon, Whiskey, Butter.
Delegates chosen to serve in the next General Assembly of Virginia.
Washington, Henry St. John Dixon, John Gold. Greenbrier, William Morrow, James Anderson.
VIRGINIA DELEGATION TO CONGRESS.
John Randolph, jr. Thomas M. Randolph, Christopher Clarke, J. W. Eppes, Dr. Walter Jones, Thomas Newton, jr., Philip R. Thompson, Dr. J. Claiborne, Abraham Trigg, John Clopton, David Holmes, John Dawson, James M. Garnett, Col. Morrow, John Smith, Mathew Clay, Peterson Goodwyn, Edwin Gray, Burwell Bassett, Joseph Lewis, Alexander Wilson, John G. Jackson.
FROM LEXINGTON, (Rockbridge,) May 7.
We are happy to announce to our readers, that Alexander Wilson, Esq., a firm and decided Republican, is elected to represent this district in the next Congress of the U. States, by a very considerable majority, over his opponent pretendedly of the same politics.
The public were amused a day or two ago, with rumours that France was about to make a demand upon our government for 30 millions of dollars as an indemnification for the produce, exported from St. Domingo, by our merchantmen, after the massacre of the white inhabitants of that island whose property this produce was said to have been. After waiting in vain for some authority for these rumours, we are at length enabled to conjecture whence they originated. The French government, with a degree of humanity and policy, that does credit alike to the hearts and heads of its promoters, have recently passed a decree, allowing each man, woman, and child, who had been driven from St. Domingo, a yearly pension proportioned to their several wants—a federal print, of this city, assures its readers that the passage of this decree corroborates the rumours we have mentioned, but it must be very evident that the decree had no allusion to or connection whatever with our affairs—this editor does indeed maintain, that the money must come from some quarter to pay the exiles, but this is a miserable ground for founding our belief of a tale so improbable and even ridiculous. Some substantial evidence must be given before his rumoured demand can gain any credence—all that has been said as yet has created a contrary opinion. (Aurora.)
From the interior of France we learn, that attentions continued to the Holy Father, who still was at Paris. On the 15th of February he visited the Repository of Arts and Trades. On the occasion, the most useful inventions were displayed before him. The machinery of Richer attracted his notice. This machinery is to impress the paper money. It prints the text and the numbers. He then viewed the silk and cotton manufactories. A new engraving machine was produced, invented by Conte, and employed in the work upon Egypt. Thousands crowded for his benediction, and the Holy Father administered the holy communion with his own hands in the Parish church of St. Margaret to one hundred persons, chiefly labourers. This privilege was not indulged to the females, from the countless multitudes of them, who were obliged to be content with a general benediction, and a pious indulgence. On the 2d of Feb. eight Bishops took the oath to his Majesty, while his Majesty was at the celebration of Mass. L'Abbe Fournier is named as his Majesty's Chaplain. We ought to observe all those interesting circumstances, as they have a greater influence on the fate of France than sieges and battles. The news from Lyons is favourable to the full prosperity of that antient city. It was in full industry, and not able by all its labourers to answer the constant demands. The sums coined at the mint, and reported in January, amounted in gold and silver, to a sum exceeding 186 millions of francs, and the coins of 5 francs were in value above 106 millions, giving in the whole a sum above 242 millions. At the disposal of Government, for the expenses of the current year, 684 millions were announced, and 400 millions for the next year. Appearances were very favorable to the internal quiet of France, in the present posture of their public affairs.
In Holland, the alliance with France was so real, as that no opposition was expressed to the will of his Imperial Majesty. The exports of all fish from the Batavian fisheries, were free of all duties. (Salem Register.)
Eighty of the young gentlemen of Eton school attended. His majesty condescended to go to the college to invite them; they supped in the grand hall upon the ground floor. The young gentlemen, (most of them were young noblemen,) their parents furnished them with new clothes on the occasion. They were waited on at supper by the royal servants, dressed in full court livery.
All the royal family were present, except the prince of Wales and duke of Clarence.
There were between five and six hundred silver branches hung in various parts of the castle. At supper upwards of 250 dozen of silver plate were used, and a similar number of silver knives and forks.
The new service of plate, & other plate sent from London, was of such an enormous weight, that three waggons were obliged to be employed to convey it to Windsor.
Never was there a greater reciprocity of every amiable quality which could render such a distinguished society happy. From their majesties, thro' every gradation of the noble visitors, there was the laudable spirit of pleasing.
Ostrich feathers, to the number of eight or nine, were universally worn; and diamonds in profusion. Taste was stretched to the utmost limit, to invent new dresses. Embroidery for her majesty's birth day had gone through the changes of Mosaic, Etruscan, a la Grecque, Egyptian, &c. but a new field was opened in draperies. Happy the artist who, by concealing one part of the form, displayed another to a greater advantage. Those that flowed from the shoulder were uncommonly elegant and graceful. They were principally of white satin, ornamented with gold, silver, and diamonds. The velvet dresses, richly embroidered and clasped, down the front, reminded us of the dresses worn in days of yore, nor could we help thinking that the beauties of the reign of George the III. might dispute the asphre with those so celebrated in the reign of Charles the II.
BOSTON, May 2.
We have seen a letter from Bordeaux, of the date of 4th March, which furnishes the following intelligence of our affairs with Spain: It states, "that capt. Dutton of the United States navy, passed through that place, from Madeira, with dispatches from Mr. Monroe to our Minister in Paris; that it was understood, he had not succeeded in the objects of his mission to the Court of Spain."
PHILADELPHIA, May 6.
The captain of an eastern vessel states, that on his passage from Bordeaux, he had fallen in with 500 islands of ice!
NORFOLK, May 9.
Yesterday came on the election of a President for the Branch of the Virginia Bank in this Borough, in the room of Thomas Newton, sen. Esq. appointed Collector of this port, when Dr. SELDEN was elected.
The gentlemen of this Borough, in compliment to Col. NICHOLAS, gave him a very splendid dinner at the Exchange Coffee House on Friday last.
FAMILY BIBLE.
SUCH of the subscribers to Carey's Family Bible in Virginia, as intend to take the books, are requested to apply for them at S. PLEASANTS' Book-Store, Richmond, before the 18th of June next, at which time all those remaining will be returned.
SALES AT AUCTION.
On Wednesday the 22d instant, will be Sold, THE HOUSE AND LOT, ON Shockoe Hill, formerly belonging to the late Mr. Samuel Dobie. The terms of sale will be one half cash, the remainder in two annual payments, to secure which, a deed of trust upon the property must be given by the purchaser. THOMAS TAYLOR & CO. v. x. Richmond, 6th May, 1805. ids
25,000 Dollars, 10,000 Dollars, 5,000 Dollars, HIGHEST PRIZES.
Lottery Adventurers
In Richmond and its vicinity, are respectfully informed, that the New-York Lottery
IS NOW DRAWING;
AND those gentlemen who wish to purchase Tickets, by remitting the Cash in New-York, Philadelphia, or Branch Bank Notes of any state, in letters (post paid) directed to the permanent Lottery Officers of G. & R. WAITE, No. 64 and No. 38, Maiden-Lane, may have Tickets forwarded them, warranted undrawn, properly testified to be so; or if the 25,000 Dollar or 10,000 Dollar prizes are drawn at the time the remittance is received, the money, if requested, will be faithfully returned. Present price of Tickets and Shares. Whole Tickets Dols. 8 | Quarters, Dols. 2 12 1/2 Halves, - 4 12 | Eighths, - 1 25 But as the drawing progresses, and the high prizes remain in the wheel, the price will advance. ** A list of all prizes drawn will be sent to the Editor of this paper weekly. New-York, April 9, 1805. f
TEN DOLLARS REWARD.
BROKE away last evening, a large stout made blood bay HORSE, upwards of five feet high, 7 years old last spring, was shot all round about two months ago, but some of the shoes may now be off; he has a large head and small eyes, trots and gallops; if he has any other marks by which he might be distinguished, they are not recollected. He had on a saddle a good deal worn, with a hogskin seat and plated stirrups. The above reward will be paid on delivery of the horse and saddle to the subscribers. Pickett, Pollard & Johnston. Richmond, March 5, 1805.
the direction, and under the superintendence of his majesty, from the preparation of the fitting up of the rooms, to the arrangement for the company to enter the castle.
During the time Mr. Wyatt was fitting up the rooms his majesty had the entertainment in his mind, and gave directions accordingly, and for months past, Mr. Gilbert, the silver-smith of London, has been preparing a new service of plate, valued we understand, at between 20 and 30,000l. the whole service of plate displayed on Monday night, was supposed to be the most magnificent in Europe.—Messrs. Hancock and Shepherd, of London, with a number of assistants, have been employed for a considerable time past, in hanging the silver chandeliers from Hanover, and other ornaments. Messrs. Parker and Perry, of London, have for these 12 months been preparing chandeliers and lustres to the amount of several thousand pounds; in fact, every eminent manufacturer and artist in London was called in, and no expense was spared for this kingly banquet.
About a month or three weeks since 490 persons were invited, besides the royal family, the ministers and officers of state.
The fame of the magnificence of this feasting spread throughout the country, the earl of Wilton came to London, from his seat in Lincolnshire, on purpose to be present, and others have arrived within these few days from equally distant parts. All has been bustle in London for some time with the fancy dress makers, milliners, tailors, &c. &c. more so than if it was a birth day that was approaching.—Numbers of the noble families, hired horses in Windsor and Eton, and went from London and other parts in very grand style, in carriages and six, with four, five and six stout riders, which was a style certainly very proper for the occasion.
About 7 o'clock the company began to assemble, and about eight the concert commenced.
The ball was opened precisely at a quarter past 9, by his royal highness the duke of Cambridge, and the princess of Wales, to the tune of 'The Weymouth Fete.' Twenty couple stood up the first dance.
The floor was painted with the most fanciful and appropriate devices, by an eminent artist, instead of being chalked. The room was illuminated with three very large silver chandeliers, eight candles in each; the silver of each weighing about 120lbs. they have been repaired and new beautified in the most tasteful manner.—Four elegant silver sconces were hung round the room.
The attention of the company appeared the most arrested to the novel and very grand appearance of four silver tables, between each window. Two of them came from Hanover, and have been repaired and beautified for this occasion. Under their centre are the Hanoverian arms, borne by a white horse, and the feet of the tables represent lions paws. The other two tables, one of them was presented by the corporation of the city of London to king William, and the other by the same body to queen Anne. The magnificence of the effect of that table was considerably heightened by four most elegant pier glasses over each table, with silver frames, from Hanover, which have likewise been cleaned and beautified. The effect of this brilliant display of silver, by candle light, is better conceived than can possibly be described by the pen. This room might justly be called the silver room. Four large and very elegant solid silver dogs [and irons] were used in the fire place for burning wood, instead of coals; but there was not much occasion for fire; the heat produced by the candles, and the number of persons present, rendered the room sufficiently warm.
Their majesties and the royal family supped in the guard room. As upon all public occasions, a table was set apart for the royal family only, it being contrary to the etiquette for any subject to sit at the same table with the sovereign: The table at which they supped was elevated upon a temporary platform raised about six or eight inches from the floor for the purpose of enabling the royal family to behold their company with the greater ease, and to gratify the curiosity of their guests in beholding them. Two tables were laid on each side of the room which held about sixty each. The plate on the royal table was entirely gold—the whole service new for the occasion. Nothing but silver was used at all the other tables; the whole together with all the company being in new dresses, had the most splendid effect possible. It will be needless to add that a profusion of the most choice delicacies were provided; Messrs. Fitzwater, Barker and Whetton, (their majesties' confectioners) having received unlimited orders with their instructions; but great praise is due to his majesty for the excellent pattern set by him to his subjects, in not having any force fruits upon his tables; and we hope this will operate as a lesson upon our fashionable ladies the ensuing season. The fruits upon the tables consisted of pine-apples, pears, apples, various sorts, and dried fruits.—The beautiful damask table cloths which covered the tables, with the royal arms woven in them, with very tasteful and elegant borders, the fineness of which attracted the attention of most of the female part of the company, and the honor done them will be very great, when we inform our readers they were spun by the royal hands of the lovely princesses—an example of industry well worth following by the British fair!
matial most graciously, but was more struck with the young, bold, and brawny figure that presented it, than with the plausive tale of an inamorato long since enjoyed. The Queen after appointing a more convenient hour to take the matter into consideration, and to converse with him personally, dismissed Manuel with a present, which at once indicated her private feelings and personal attachment.
From this period fortune seems to have borne him on her wings to the temple of honor, as his advancement was as rapid as the smiles of that fickle goddess. Louis's exile was terminated, and he received a Colonel's commission in the guards. But a new office was created for Manuel, adjutant general of the Life Guards, with the rank of major general in the army.—He had not held these situations long, till he succeeded, through the consummate address of the Queen, in ingratiating himself with the king, and was shortly after made a lieutenant general in the army, and called upon to be one of his majesty's ministers, in the capacity of first secretary of state. It was at this period, that he acquired such a complete ascendancy over the King's mind, by doing every thing as he thought proper, without enquiring for his majesty's approbation.
This was so flattering to all the king's natural indolence, which hates political affairs, that he resolved never after to have another minister; and that he should govern and direct the helm of the state as might be agreeable to his particular views. His majesty felt grateful to the man who had thus relieved him from the burden of government, and he continued pouring honors and wealth upon his head. It was now that Manuel was to be ennobled, and it must be confessed, that he evinced address, in claiming nobility from his ancestors, rather than for his personal merit. Don Manuel Godoy de Alvarez was created a grandee of Spain of the first class under the title of the duke of Alcaudia: the king bestowing on him the royal domain of Alcaudia, and also the revenues of four of the most wealthy military orders, which must have been rather above than below 100,000l. sterling a year. The new duke of Alcaudia found his power unlimited; his most distant relatives all placed in the most lucrative offices; the most trifling favors of the court not to be obtained without his permission; and the ancient grandees of Spain paying their court to him, and attending his levees with equal assiduity as those of the king's.
The queen's liberality to him, at least in her personal favors was unremitting, and their amours now became so common, so public and so much in defiance of all decency or decorum, that I should be sorry to abuse the language in a description of their wanton excesses. The period of a war with France arrived, in which the duke of Alcaudia evinced more power than political sagacity. The grand council of Castile was summoned, which was then a spirited, liberal and independent body. This council, with the brave count de Aranda at its head, decided in favor of defensive measures, contrary to those of the duke. Their timidity or prudence greatly incensed the duke of Alcaudia, who, determined on offensive measures and on plunder, dissolved the council with great indignation, and banished the worthy count de Aranda to Saragossa, where he survived just long enough to witness the disgrace and downfall of the country.
(To be continued.)
REGULAR GOVERNMENT.
In the Aurora of Saturday we published large extracts of a letter from London, written by a man well known to many citizens of Philadelphia, in which a very striking picture was given of the actual state of that country and the people. As nothing can tend so much to satisfy those who have not had personal experience of the state of Europe, of the blessings of government representative and responsible to the people, as an exhibition of the situation, conduct and effect of those forms of government the most admired by those who deprecate and abhor democracy, we give the following specimen of the mode in which a people's hard earning, the wages of human toil and ingenuity extracted from them by taxation, is employed. Our readers by comparing the letter in our paper of Saturday, with this splendid account will be able to form their own opinions on governments.
WINDSOR CASTLE.
The entertainment given by their majesties on Monday evening, was certainly the most magnificent of any that has taken place since they came to the throne. It has been in contemplation since they first went to reside in the castle; when his majesty determined to have, what is generally termed, a house warming, and to give it in the grandeur of a king, and not for the introduction of the infant princess Charlotte of Wales, or the celebration of one of the prince's (the duke of Cambridge) birth day, as has been erroneously, and without any foundation stated. His majesty having this entertainment in contemplation for some time past, was the cause of so many of the royal family's birth days passing unnoticed; his majesty having then determined that their celebration should be all combined in this entertainment. Much has, likewise, groundlessly been said about the preparations being under the direction of the princess Elizabeth. Her royal highness, no doubt, is mistress of several of the fine arts, and is extremely tasteful in all her arrangements; but any person who weighed the importance of this entertainment for a moment, would not have given the management to her royal highness, when we assert, that the expenditure cannot have cost less than 30,000l. It may truly be said it was his majesty's fete, for, every thing has been done by
Posterity will do justice to the wisdom and honesty of the governors of the United States of America, who did not make the acknowledged imperfection of all human institutions a pretence for persisting in errors, and for perpetuating abuses but were ready to prevent the wishes of their countrymen, by such a voluntary reformation of their constitution, as, without departing from its spirit, might best secure its permanence, and promote the great ends of government; which was ordained by Providence, not to gratify the ambition of princes, the pride of nobles, and the vanity of ministers, but to promote the wealth, the peace, and the happiness of the whole.
From the London Monthly Magazine.
MEMOIRS OF THE PRINCE OF PEACE, GENERALISSIMO OF THE SPANISH ARMIES.
By a gentleman lately from Spain.
Don Manuel Godoy was born at Badajoz about the year 1765 or 1767, of parents, whose necessities were often relieved by the usual donation of soup, &c. at the Convents, and who were occasionally employed in secreting smuggled goods during the night. Many of the respectable inhabitants of this city are still living witnesses of the miserable situation of the Godoy family. Their connection with smugglers, however, increasing as the family acquired strength, it was doubtless that idea that first induced the two elder brothers, Louis and Manuel, to become soldiers in the king's life guards, where smuggling is carried on in the most open manner. Louis set out for Madrid and entered a private soldier in the life guards, where he had not done duty long before his portly figure caught the attention of the then Princess of Asturias, who enjoyed the honors of Queen, Charles III. being a widower. She began in her usual manner of sending him rich presents, such as a snuff box of tortoise-shell with her portrait set in gold, which was generally worth an ounce of Spanish gold, or 3l. 12s. sterling. Sometimes articles of much greater value, and sometimes a purse full of ounces of gold. At length she ventured to procure him a pair of colors, and Louis appeared a complete officer. During this time Manuel arrived; and his brother's success enabled him to keep him as a cadet rather than to enter as a private soldier, hoping that he should soon be able to procure him preferment. In the mean time the jealous eye of Charles III. regretting his error of forcing his son to marry, became every day more alert to the gross imprudencies of his daughter in-law, & beheld her attachment to this new made officer with the most poignant indignation, and sent him immediately into exile, prohibiting his ever coming within twenty five leagues of Madrid, giving him however command of a company in the militia of Extre-madura, and also of an old fortress in that province. He was also promoted the cross of the military order of Alcantara, but Charles's passion was too violent to wait that ceremony, and he was dismissed with the nominal title of the order. This was the period when the family began to think seriously of nobility; and it was then that they found the noble appendage of de Alvarez. Whether the Godoy were originally of Alvarez, and had acquired a title to that seignory, which the vulgar pronunciation of the Extre-madurians had originally contrasted, and in fine omitted is a question I have not found any Spanish antiquary disposed to resolve. It now rests on the inee dixit of the Prince, and there exists no negative evidence. The exile of Louis was effected; and the Queen (the Princess of Asturias) with all the facility that one forgets a lady of easy virtue, forgot her lover in the pursuit of other gallants. It has been said, but erroneously, that her majesty kept sending him presents in his exile, by the hands of Manuel, who was introduced to her by the Dutchess of Alva, under pretext of playing on the guitar; the latter circumstance is too ridiculous to require refutation: but the contrary is the fact, nor does it appear that the Queen ever saw Manuel till after the death of Charles III. Indeed she was too much occupied in meeting with gallants whom she could enjoy, without spending in fruitless efforts the time necessary to her other amusements. During the long banishment of Louis, Manuel procured an appointment in the guards, and also had married an amiable young woman, by whom he has had four or five children. At length the death of Charles III. gave existence to the era of our hero's glory. On this event Louis, hoping to be recalled from exile, determined on addressing a loving memorial to her majesty, recalling to her memory the numerous tender pledges of his attachment, and his eagerness to again approach her person. The difficulty of presenting this memorial to the hands of the Queen herself, was the only obstacle; and for this Manuel was deemed the most proper person. This he performed concierto . Her majesty received the me-
* Barba has existed many years by smuggling only, there being no legal commerce pursued that can be avoided. † The precipitation and vigour of banishment from the court of Madrid, present an example of merciless cruelty and tyranny: the destitutes are gone in an hour, to one knows where, no one dares to ask, and to one knows, their former friends or connections, lest they should be involved in a similar fate. Nor does any one dare either to write or receive a letter. Thus a character, as popular in Madrid as some speakers of the House of Commons in London, will be precipitated in a day into an oblivion as great as if dead forty years. These are the blessings of absolute monarchy! ‡ We have no word in English so emphatic as the above to express with effect.

SUMMARY OF A WINTER EVENING'S CONVERSATION.
DIALOGUE BETWEEN A FRIEND TO CHRISTIANITY AND A SCEPTIC.
S. WELL, says Scepticus, taking out his snuff box, and looking with contempt on a person, who had been speaking in favor of religion—well, I am surprised, that any man of your information, can be an advocate, for what is at war, with nature and reason—in short, pregnant with contradictions and absurdities.
F. C. Then why my dear sir, attack with so much assiduity and ardor, what is in itself so feeble?
S. There would indeed be no necessity, were it not for the extraneous support, it has received. Priests have for centuries, deemed it their interest to envelope it in sophistry, and people have been either bewildered by their ingenuity, or too indolent or prejudiced, to enquire fairly into its rationality.
F. C. Here I think you are mistaken. Many of the most learned laymen that ever existed, have implicitly believed the authenticity of the christian system, and written in defence of it, with as much erudition and ability, as any men have ever written against it.
S. But they also were blinded by prejudice and error, which having been so long nourished by superstition and fraud, had taken too deep root to be then quickly removed, by the utmost power of human intellect—Galileo (if my memory deceives me not) was persecuted for asserting, what is now universally believed, that the earth moves. Only observe how christianity has lost ground since reason has risen above the horizon, and illuminated the world. The persons you allude to, if they formed correct opinions, were in all probability, induced to conceal them, by a complaisance to, or dread of the ruling powers.
F. C. It seems very ungenerous to ascribe prejudice and error, to the friends of christianity, and none to its opponents, although the former were as much addicted to research, and as well informed as the latter. There seems more prejudice than justice in the assertion. The gigantic minds of Newton and others, which made such grand discoveries, and tore up by the roots, the errors in several branches of antient philosophy, would (it may be said with an appearance of truth) with equal promptitude and facility, have detected and exposed the falsehoods and absurdities of this religion, had any existed. As to complaisance and dread of power—Locke and others, who published such bold and innovating doctrines in government, at a time when they were so hostile and obnoxious to the lofty notions entertained of monarchical power, would hardly have been restrained by servility or fear, from a sincere declaration of their sentiments on religious topics. As to the decay of religion from the influence of reason, it is a question, whether if such decay has taken place, it be not owing to a depravity of that noble quality, or an undue exercise of it—whether those who think with you on this subject, have not generally acted "like partial judges, by hearing only one part of the controversy." The intrinsic and comparative value of every innovation in religion or morality, ought properly to be estimated, not by its theoretic beauties, but by its utility;—by its influence on the manners and happiness of society at large, and a subject therefore deserving of enquiry is, whether, since this boasted illumination of reason, men are more just, more benevolent, have a greater command of their passions, are more capable of bearing adversity and prosperity with fortitude and equanimity, and are happier than before, when they were more generally governed by the tenets of christianity; and it particularly deserves enquiry, whether the philosophers who have so ably attacked that religion, were more virtuous, that is, more moral, or more useful in their lives and actions to the world than the christian writers. Other questions not unworthy of the dispassionate discussion of the politician, are, how far are the excesses of a late revolution attributable to the sudden operation of deistical and atheistical principles, upon ignorant as well as cultivated minds? Are there not strong reasons in support of an opinion, that, had their religion remained unimpaired, they as well as humanity would not have to deplore those excesses—and that the prospect of obtaining their object, (a free constitution) would have been more flattering? Is the state of society in many countries, particularly European, susceptible of the sudden innovations in religion, and in morality, contemplated by several reformers, without well founded apprehensions, that they would be productive of very great injuries? Ought not the reformer, however just his theory may be, to reflect seriously, like a skilful physician, whether the remedy he applies for a disease, will not leave the patient in a worse state than before its operation? I am prepared to give my opinion on one or two of these questions. I am decided when I say that men are as immoral (if not more so) at this time, as before, and that your favorites (if not farther) were as far from perfection as the writers who supported christianity. If I am right, the conduct of the former was in either case censurable, or impolitic. If men who reject the faith of which we are speaking are more immoral than those who admit it, your writers should have recommended submission to its precepts. If men are not more moral, they ought not to have assailed it.
S. But if it is a divine, and excellent system, why have so many millions of the human race, never even heard of it, or if they have, paid no obedience to it? How can you reconcile such a partial distribution of good with the justice of the Supreme Being? Impossible.
F. C. I do not wish to enter into a lengthy argument, on the authenticity of the bible—but I think, your objection has been satisfactorily answered in this manner—many of the benefits conferred by the Almighty, are apparently partially distributed, for instance, the fertility, and other local advantages, which some countries possess, so vastly superior to those of others. This is perhaps as irreconcilable by us, with divine justice, as what you mention, yet as no man would in the one case impeach that justice, so neither ought he in the other.
S. This faith has been the cause of many long, and bloody persecutions. The man of common sensibility views with horror, on the historic page, the torrents of blood, which were shed, and the tortures that were inflicted, by the professors of a religion, said to be that of charity and peace—tortures fully as dreadful, as any in the Hell, their disordered imaginations had painted, and which in justice would have excused the victim in the next world, from all punishment, for any crimes he had committed in this—it has debased and enervated the mind, it has been an engine of state, and it has contributed to keep men in slavery.
F. C. The conclusion against the use, drawn from the abuse, is not fair. The causes of the execrable persecutions of which you speak, were the passions, and enthusiasm of men, and not the christian religion itself, for no part of it, inculcates violence, cruelty, or persecution, but the reverse of them. It cannot be said to have debased, or enervated the mind;—those who died martyrs to their belief, behaved with an heroism & intrepidity, not surpassed—Ambition and cunning have connected it with the state, & strengthened their chains, it is not chargeable with the evil, for it sanctions no such policy, it contains no principles that have a tendency to slavery. The abuse of Religion then, is a feeble argument against it. As every thing among us, is liable to perversion, we cannot reasonably think that it could, or will escape the general calamity. As it was not intended to effect an abolition of the law of nature, it leaves free the human will, whatever doubts you may entertain as to some of my positions, I presume you will agree with me, that in this and in several other countries, it is by no means inimical to liberty, and that persecution is far from characterising its professors. I expect too, that you will acknowledge the purity of Gospel morality.
S. I acknowledge that though Socrates, and some other respectable heathen philosophers, before Christ, propagated doctrines, similar to his, none of them are entitled to more merit, on account of their morality.
F. C. It is useless my friend, after this acknowledgment, to converse longer on the subject. Probably neither of us will become a convert to the other. I think that christianity has not a tendency to injure, and I believe that its adversaries have not yet shown and would find it extremely difficult to show, that a subversion of it, and the substitution of another system, would probably be productive of any good to mankind. It therefore does not become a philanthropist (even though his opinion be correct) to attempt the destruction of it, unless he can furnish one superior. He should be satisfied with the fruits of his own penetration—emancipation from the shackles of superstition and imposture, & an understanding refined from the gross and futile ideas of vulgarity—and suffer christians to remain in unresisted enjoyment of their faith—a faith, that I know renders many of them virtuous members of society—makes more palatable the bitter ingredients that have been thrown into the cup of life—is to many, especially to the afflicted, a source of consolation, by softening their miseries here, and containing a promise of future felicity—which whether it be the offspring of an absurd fancy acting on weak or deluded judgments, or the dream of visionaries and enthusiasts, is to them more grateful than all the profound investigations, all the beautiful theories, and all the brilliant discourses of philosophy, are to others.
PETRONIUS.
* The illustrious Montesquieu, whose writings are so friendly to liberty, when near his last moments, observed to those who stood around him, "I always paid great respect to religion: The morality of the gospel, is a most excellent thing, and the most valuable present, that could possibly have been received by man from his Creator." Eloge de Monsieur de Montesquieu par Monsieur de Maupertuis.
† I believe Mr. Paine expresses himself, nearly in the above words. I have not the Age of Reason by me, and if my memory should deceive, I hope those who may take the trouble to peruse this trifle will not impute the misstatement to an intention of distorting the meaning of that gentleman.
Men who are dissatisfied with the present order of things, and still desire to be thought republicans, would do well to point out what they would have different from what exists. They are continually grumbling, and no one knows why! What is it, gentlemen, you would have? Come, let us reason together. Make out your list of grievances!
State clearly and explicitly what alterations you would have.
Tell us wherein the condition of the country could be improved.
In what respects the people could be made happier. How their public affairs could be better conducted.
What part of the present system is Anti-Republican.
What part is hostile to the interests of the community.
Wherein can you propose an alteration for the better? State it; let the world know what it is.
You claim to be republicans: Have we not differed, then, long enough, if it is for nothing? And if it be for something, surely you must be able to point out what it is. You are invited to do this. Take the avowed principles of the present government, take its system of measures, and tell us explicitly wherein they differ from your principles and from the measures you would pursue. Resort not to the hackneyed theme of turning men out of office. This decides nothing. Few, comparatively speaking have been turned out. Perhaps they deserved it. And what is it to you, or to us, or to the nation at large, who occupy the offices? We must say, let who will receive. Quit, then, this topic, and come to the merits of the cause.
Are you uneasy because you are not taxed enough?
Are you uneasy because your Public Debt is rapidly lessening?
Are you uneasy because the press is free, & speech is free, and you may speak, write, print; and believe what you please?
Are you uneasy with economical measures, that the government does not go into extravagant projects, and borrow money to carry them on; and that it is enabled, instead of these, to quiet the Indians and buy up their lands, and the lands of our dangerous Neighbors, the French and Spaniards?
Are you discontented with peace, and do you want war?
To all these questions you will answer, like true Republicans, No. The enquiry then returns, What are you uneasy for, and what do you want?
Gentlemen! (I here speak to common People, who will never, I hope, in this country, be thought beneath this Title) is there not a mystery in this business? How is it, that you have slid into a habit of political uneasiness and fault-finding; and still, on examination, nothing is found worthy of complaint, nothing wrong, nothing Anti-Republican; but, in fact, every thing exactly agreeable even to your own wishes and your own principles! Surely this is a strange phenomenon; there is a great mystery lurking about somewhere. Shall I tell you where it is? Let me say, then, you have been taught this tune of complaint by men who harbour principles far different from yours, principles truly opposed to republicanism, and therefore opposed to the present administration. In short, principles of monarchy. These men hate equal rights, hate the liberty of the people, hate every thing Republican! They are really at enmity with the principles which guide the present government; really at enmity with those measures which on examination, you cannot find so bad: really at enmity with the diminishing of taxes, with paying off the Public Debt, &c. &c. Their uneasiness is true and sincere; it flows from their hearts. You have been cajoled and led into their enemies and resentments; but not into their principles; you have learned, from them, to find fault with government, when, in truth, you have no fault to find.
These Monarchy men are not numerous; yet they are as plenty as they ever were in any country not older than ours. They have contrived to keep their real principles aloof, wrapped up in darkness and involved in mist, that you should not discover them too soon. They knew you well, and were certain that your indignation would be excited, if they were to come out plainly, while you were yet Freemen. From their secret places have issued all the complaints, slanders, calumnies, and execrations which have spread over the country, against the Government. The great printers first received them from the junto; the little printers caught them from those, and echoed and re-echoed them till you were stunned with the noise, and obliged to yield assent.
But those men are no longer to be concealed. They are emerging from darkness into open view. Their misty mantle is rent. They shrink before the naked inspection of Freemen. They strive earnestly for still further concealment; but, in vain. The Torrents of filthy Blackguardism and Calumny which are vomited forth in their desperation, will be of no avail. The period is come, when we demand that they should explicitly and with decency state what they would have, what their principles are; wherein they differ from Republicanism and the present Administration. With this just demand they will never comply: It would be instant death to their hopes. They will adhere to their own alternative, Scurrility. But if they would comply with our demand in this one respect, you would be no longer at a loss whence have originated all the complaints, all the uneasiness, all the alarms, which have filled the country, and with which any of you may have been afflicted. They have proceeded from Monarchy men—Political Observers.
PEACH TREES.—A gentleman in Pennsylvania took the following method to preserve peach trees from being injured by worms, caterpillars, &c. He cleared away the gum that issues out of the tree affected by the worm, strewed a little of brimstone round the root, and covered it with fine mould that it might not blow away, yet so that the sun might operate through and cause the brimstone to fumigate, which destroyed the worms. One pound of brimstone is sufficient for near two hundred trees. The sulphur is also destructive to caterpillars. To destroy them, the end of a pole or stick is split and a few lighted brimstone matches inserted, and the pole held under the nests. A pole thus lighted will serve for 3 or 4 nests.
TO FARMERS.
A most excellent method of making butter as now practised in England, which effectually prevents its changing, and becoming rank.
The day before churning, scald the cream in a clean iron kettle, over a clear fire, taking care that it does not boil over. As soon as it begins to boil, or is fully scalded, strain it, when the particles of milk which tended to sour and clange the butter, are separated and left behind. Put the vessel into which it was strained into a tub of water, in a cellar, till next morning, when it will be ready for churning and become butter in less than a quarter of the time required in the common method. It will also become hard with a peculiar additional sweetness and will not change. The labor in this way is less than the other as the butter comes sooner and saves so much labor in working out the butter milk. By this method good butter may be made in the hottest weather.
LATELY PUBLISHED, AND FOR SALE AT THIS OFFICE, THE AMERICAN NEPOS: A COLLECTION OF THE LIVES Of the most remarkable and the most eminent Men, who have contributed to THE DISCOVERY, THE SETTLEMENT, AND THE INDEPENDENCE OF AMERICA. CALCULATED FOR THE USE OF SCHOOLS. May 13. Gw
SALES AT AUCTION.
SIX MONTHS CREDIT. A GREEABLE to the last will and testament of Mr. JACOB BOCKIUS, will be SOLD, on Friday the 31st inst. (May), at the house formerly occupied by said Bockius in this city, 5 very likely & valuable Negroes, 4 of which are men, and well acquainted with the Tanning business, the other a woman accustomed to house business—2 Cows and 1 Heifer—one Double Chair and Harness—one Horse, Saddle & Bridle—one Iron Chest—Likewise, some excellent HOUSEHOLD and KITCHEN FURNITURE. BENJAMIN TATE, Exrs. of JOHN PROSSER, S.J. Bockius. May 10, 1805. tds
THE subscriber regrets that he should again be under the necessity of requesting those having claims against the above estate, to bring them forward for payment—and those indebted to the estate will please make immediate payment, or suits will be instituted. JOHN PROSSER.
NOTICE.
WILL be SOLD, to the highest bidder, for cash, at Halifax courthouse, on Monday the 27th day of May next, (being court day) by virtue of a deed executed to the subscriber by William M'Craw, Jr. late collector of revenue in the counties of Halifax and Pittsylvania, for the United States.
TWO NEGRO SLAVES, Namely, Amey and Jim, for the purpose of raising a sum of money, to be applied to the discharge of certain arrearages due by said M'Craw as collector aforesaid, and the indemnity of George Carrington and John B. Scott, his securities in the premises, agreeably to the provisions of the said deed, and in conformity to the request of said Carrington and Scott. BERRYMAN GREEN. 30th April, 1805. wSr.
SIMS'S FERRY FOR SALE, WILL be sold, to the highest bidder, on Monday the tenth day of June next, on the premises.
That Valuable Tract of Land, At Sims's ferry, called Owen's, on Staunton river, in Halifax county, together with the said Ferry, containing two hundred and twenty acres, about sixty-three thereof is rich low grounds, the high land is strong and fertile, and the ferry produces a handsome profit to the proprietor.
The land will be shewn to any person inclined to purchase such a valuable place, by Mr. Daniel Parker, who will live at the ferry. The terms of sale will be made known on that day, or on application previous to either of the subscribers. DNEY SIMS MATTHEW SIMS. CHISLEY DANIEL. W. S. ALLEN. wSr.
7th May, 1805. wSr.
ROBERT GREENHOW,
MERCHANT in Williamsburg—has just received by the ship Dumfries, from London, and daily expects from Liverpool, his usual assortment of
Tasty Spring Goods & Hardware, Which he offers on moderate terms to his customers. May 11, 1805. 3m
WILL be Sold, at public auction, on the 29th instant, for ready money, at Mr. Joseph Edmondson's Tavern, in Hanover county, SIX VALUABLE SLAVES, belonging to the estate of Micajah Butler, dec. consisting of two men, one woman, and three handsome mulatto boys. BY THE COMMITTEES. May 7th, 1805. tds
Valuable Property for Sale.
BY virtue of a deed of trust executed by Richard Dabney of King William county, to the subscriber, to secure and satisfy a debt due from the said Richard to Cornelius Dabney, administrator with the will annexed, of Owen Dabney, dec. will be offered to SALE, on the fourth Monday in June next, at the courthouse of said county, to the highest bidder, for ready payment, in current money.
SUNDRY SLAVES,
Consisting of men, women and children, one Brood Mare, about 8 years old, by Lamplighter, two small horse Cots, about 2 years old, by Americannus, the noted Stud Horse called Hanover, one Wagon and Geer, and 3 Horses, one excellent Chair Horse about 9 years old, and one Bay Mare Colt, by Americannus.
GEO: WM. SMITH. Richmond, May 7th, 1805. 2w
CORYDON AND MIRA.
A BALLAD, ATTEMPTED AFTER THE MANNER OF THE MOST FAMOUS PASTORAL WRITERS.
ON the bank of a smooth flowing stream, There sat a young, beautiful swain, Disappointed in love was his theme, And he sent forth this sorrowful strain. "Oh Mira, delight of our eyes, "What maiden with thee can compare, "Alas! love-sick Corydon dies, "By thy cruelty, hard-hearted fair. "What though, I am lowly and poor, "Others rich, and in rank rather high, "Thou wilt not find one that has more, "Of love, and affection than I. "Oh Mira, can thousands in gold, "Can even the mines of Peru, "Can greatness (indifferent or cold) "Ever equal the heart that is true. "How happy! before I had seen, "Thy blush, like the roses of morn, "Thy air—that of beauty's sweet queen, "Or the dimples thy cheeks that adorn. "Thy ringlets, that flow with such grace, "Thy bosom a lily so white, "Heard thy voice which more music conveys, "Than Philomel's songster of night. "Before that unfortunate day, "The hours moved swiftly along, "With the shepherds so cheerful and gay, "I danc'd to the pipe and the song. "Now Flora and Zephyr in vain, "(Attending the spring of the year,) "Deck with flowrets, and verdure the plain, "They all dismal as winter appear. "In vain where the rivulet flows, "At the foot of the sycamore tree, "As usual I strive to repose, "Alas! there's no comfort for me. "If in woods or in myrtle alcoves, "I wander, or thoughtful recline, "The birds while they warble their loves, "Cause with envy my breast to repine. "Thro' the grove, ev'ry breeze seems to sigh, "(How strongly it dwells on my mind,) "Ah! Corydon why do't thou die, "Thy Mira is false and unkind. "Then die hared youth—life's career, "Arrest in a watery grave, "O'er thy fate, she may shed a sad tear, "Though the lover she scorned to save."
He sung, and the flocks on the plain, Felt compassion on hearing his moan, From the bank where sat wretched swain! He arose and walk'd leisurely home! He to hang himself afterwards chose, But in vain sent to neighbors around For a halter to end all his woes— So he lives still—quite merry and sound. Yet fortune look'd on him with frowns, With Cupid he oft. was at strife, Till an Old Woman worth money pounds, So pleas'd him, he made her his wife! BATHOS. Richmond, December 20, 1804.
Manchester Turnpike Company.
SHAREHOLDERS in the Manchester Turnpike Company, are hereby required to pay to James Brander, treasurer, the sum of three and one half dollars on each share, on or before the 1st of July next. By order of the Directors, James Brander, Clk. 13th May, 1805. For Baltimore, Alexandria or Norfolk, THE SCHOONER NANCY, Capt. MELVIN.—To sail as soon as possible—For freight, or passage apply to the Captain on board, at the County Wharf, Rocketts. May 15. 1*
A FRESH SUPPLY OF Lee's Genuine Patent Medicines, Is just received at this office.
THE administration of the estate of Capt. JOHN HICKS, dec having been directed to the Sheriff of Hanover county—all persons concerned are requested to exhibit their claims to the next court to be held for the said county, in order that they may receive their respective proportion of the assets in hand. By order of the court, WILLIAM O. WINSTON, Late Sheriff of Hanover county. 7th May, 1805. 2w
The subscribers respectfully inform their friends and the public, that they have received their
Spring Assortment of Goods, Of the best quality and latest fashions, & will dispose of them on the cheapest terms for cash, viz. Printed Calicoes and Laced Cambric Shirtings Silk & Muslin ditto of various kinds Dimities assorted India, English, French and Italian Silks Irish Linens Italy, English, French and Italian Silks Cotton Camiseroes and Nankens Florentines and Sarsine, best kind Cotton & Silk Hose Picot Veils and Pic Nic Mitts Coloured Cambricks and Laced ditto. India Muslins of the first quality Black Crapes, and a General assortment of Ribbons Plain & coloured Mar-seilles Superfine Cloths and Camiseroes Gold & Silver Bullion Thickens, Corduroys and Velvets A general assortment of Bed Ticks and Garmen Legborn Bonnets Osnaburgs Gentlemen's Legborn Hats. Together with a number of other articles too tedious to enumerate. JOHN MILLER & CO. Richmond, 8th May, 1805. tf
FOR SALE.
WILL be SOLD, at the dwelling house of the late Wm. Hopkins, dec on Saturday the 18th day of May next, all and every part of the said decedent's ESTATE, consisting of valuable HOUSEHOLD and KITCHEN FURNITURE, among which are four or five Feather Beds and furniture belonging thereto; a Stock of Cattle, Hogs and Sheep; one yoke of Oxen, and an Ox Cart and Tumbler Cart; a fine brood Mare, and Plantation Utensils—Also a number of other valuable articles too tedious to mention. A credit of twelve months will be given on all sums above ten dollars, on giving bond with approved security to bear interest from the date if not paid when due—and all under ten dollars cash will be expected. The above mentioned property will certainly be sold on the day aforesaid, and the creditors of the said Wm. Hopkins, dec are at full liberty to purchase in discharge of their claims. THE ADMINISTRATOR. 25th April, 1805. 2
A NEAT ASSORTMENT OF Moroccco Pocket Books Is just received and for sale at this office.

FULL sixteen hands high, imported by me last summer, after having seen him the year before, and satisfied myself as to his reputation, is now in fine health, full of vigor and muscular strength, and will be let to mares, the ensuing season, at my stables, in Charles City county, Sandy Point, at Six Guineas the season, which may be discharged by the payment of Five Guineas, on or before the tenth day of August next; Three Guineas the leap, and Ten to insure a foal; A Dollar to the groom. Pastures as extensive as any in the state, and inferior to none for fine natural grass, especially the white clover, which abounds to a wonderful degree in the months of April, May and June, as also after harvest, that succession of crab and other grass, which so plentifully takes place here, will be afforded, with entertainment for any injudicious or accidents which may not be the result of wanton neglect or abuse, as I here give my word to the public, that no pains nor assiduity shall be wanting on my part to render satisfaction, without respect to persons, to every gentleman who thinks it to send mares for the season. This very extraordinary stallion, cost me, when landed in this state, greatly upwards of one thousand pounds, and without meaning to detract from the merits of any other, I can safely venture to say, that the most perfect horse in Virginia, either as to activity, strength, or beauty. Nothing can excel him in the neck, ear and eye; So bold, gay, and full of fire is he, that he fascinates in spite of prejudice, every beholder, that instant he is brought into view.
I would endeavor to give a full description of him, for the satisfaction of those gentlemen who cannot conveniently visit me, but in the attempt I might do him injustice, and therefore, I invite the most scrupulous examination of him, even by those who think themselves competent judges in this respect, and I do not fear the result. In short, it will not be deemed extravagant to say, he is, of his kind, the best effort of nature. "OSCAR" is a dark brown, was got by Saltram, the best horse in his day, (who was the sire of Whiskey, and many good racers)—his dam by High Flyer—grandam by Herod—great grandam (Miss Middleton) by Regulus—great great grandam (Camilla) by a son of Bay Bolton, Bartlett's Children, Honeywood's Arabian, dam of the two True Blues.
In 1798, at New-Market, at three years old he won a handicap sweepstakes of 15 guineas, each, two year old course, beating Lord Clermont's b c by Dremator, Mr. Howarth's b c Mouse, Mr. Adams's b c Cypress, Mr. Watson's b c Duplicity; two to one on Oscar. At Lambourn, he was second best, four mile heats against Heart of Oak and others, running three heats. In 1799, he won the Oatlands Stakes of fifty guineas each, b c in (10 subscribers) beating Lord Grosvenor's ch f Lady Bull, Mr. Heathcote's b c Warner, Sir F. Standish's b c Stamford, Mr. Duras's Play or Pay, Mr. Cookson's b c Ambrose, Lord Clermont's b c Airmont, Lord G. Cavendish's b c by Jupiter. The judges could only place the first five.
24 May, the same year, he won at Bracket Hall, 50l. for all ages, heats about one mile and a quarter, beating Sir Charles Bunbury's Combarani, 4 years old, Mr. Bowis's Saddler, 5 years old. In October, he won the Oatlands stakes, of 30 guineas each, (18 subscribers) beating Mr. Tharpe's b c Chippenham, Mr. Williamson's b c by Buzzard, out of Rachel, Lord Clermont's Airmont, Lord Grosvenor's ch f Lady Bull, Sir C. Bunbury's Wrangler, Sir F. Poole's b c by Dragon, Mr. Howarth's Special, Mr. Ladbrooke's Humbug. The judge could only place the first three. In 1800, at New-Market, April 14th, he won the Craven stakes, of 10 guineas each, across the Flat, at 4 years old, carrying 3 stone 9 lbs., free for all ages, beating the Duke of Grafton's b c First Fruits, Lord Clermont's b c by Meteor, Mr. Cookson's b c by Diamond, Mr. Coventry's b c by Voltaire, Mr. O'Kelley's Grey Pilot, Mr. Durand's Ramschoondra, (late Princess) Mr. Dashwood's Play or Pay, and Sir F. Standish's b c by Sir Peter, out of Storage. The judge could only place the first five. Even betting, Oscar against the field.
In the same month and place, he won a subscription plate of 50l. beating Mr. R. Heathcote's ch f Georgiana, Mr. Haller's b c by C. Verator, Mr. Golding's b c by Balloon, Mr. Travis's Ballarina, Mr. Perrin's Pizarro, and Lord Grosvenor's ch c by Buzzard. The judge could only place the first three, 7 to 4 on Oscar. He was second best for the King's plate of 100 guineas, for four years old, carrying 11 stone, running against Sir F. Poole's Worth, by Pot-8-o's, and Sir F. Standish's b c by Stanford, 5 years old. In October, New-Market, he received forfeit of Mr. Heathcote's Warner, for 500 guineas, across the Flat, half forfeit. For these remarkable instances of speed and bottom, in so young a horse, I refer the reader to the Racing Calendars for 1798, '99, and 1800.
William Lightfoot. Sandy Point, February, 1805. N. B. The Season will commence immediately.
W. WARDLAW, IS now opening at his shop on the Main street in Richmond, opposite Mr. Taylor's Vendue Office, a large importation of MEDICINES, Received directly from London, also a general assortment of SURGEON'S INSTRUMENTS, SHOP FURNITURE, MECHANICAL AIR MACHINES, PATENT MEDICINES, &c. &c. It is his intention to keep, at all times, a supply of Genuine Medicines, sufficient to answer the current demand; which will be sold low for cash or on the usual credit to those who will give him sufficient assurances of punctuality. November 30th, 1804. wtf.
TO PRINTERS. Printing Materials for Sale. Long Pama, Pica, English, Double Pica, Two-Lines English, French Canon, Four-Lines Pica, Five-Lines Pica, Seven-Lines Pica, Nine-Lines Pica, Thirteen-Lines Pica, Sixteen-Lines Pica, Nineteen-Lines Pica, Quotation, Foolscap and Demy Shapes, and Cases, PROSSER & MONCURE. Richmond, March 26, 1805. wtf. JUST RECEIVED. At S. Pleasants' Book-Store, Richmond, a very elegant assortment of the best PEN KNIVES, Which will be sold by the single or dozen, 186
SO famous for getting capital racers, is just arrived from London, and will cover mares at my stable, in Greensville county, on Nottoway river, about 6 miles below where the great stage road crosses the river at the lower Cut Bank bridge, at Ten Guineas each, and a Dollar to the groom, to be discharged any time before the 1st day of October next by the payment of forty dollars; but no discount will be made if paid after that day. Buzzard is a chestnut horse of good size, and of excellent blood; for his beauty, shape and appearance I leave others to decide; as a racer, the Calendars declare him most capital, having won (and generally at New-Market) 34 races. He is undoubtedly among the best stallions that has ever appeared in England, for the proof of which I beg leave to refer gentlemen to the Racing Calendars of that country, and which are to be seen at his stand.
In 1799, the first of Buzzard's stock appeared on the turf; in that year he had five winners, in 1800 he had seven, in 1801 he had fourteen, (several of those won 7 and 8 times each in that year) in 1802 he had sixteen winners, and in 1803 he had twenty-one. This is the last Calendar that has come to hand. It is to be observed, that Buzzard's stock have very generally run at New-Market, [where all the best horses go] and many of them have proved uncommonly good racers; among them are Hornby Lass, Pet, Poppingjay, Quiz, Surprize, Malta, Merryman, Sophia, Miss Bailey, and a great many others: It is also to be observed, that no Stallion in England had as many winners in 1803, by seven, as Buzzard had—The famous horse Sir Peter Teazle had only fourteen, Trumpeter thirteen only, John Bull fourteen, Benningbrough fourteen, Volunteer nine, and Whiskey 9—Those horses are acknowledged by all gentlemen conversant with the turf, to be the best Stallions now in England—Buzzard has been well proved a good stallion; for which reason, I beg leave to recommend him strongly to the gentlemen of the turf, and such others as have well bred mares, not doubting but a good proportion of his stock will turn out racers.
In the five years above mentioned Buzzard's colts won 161 races The great value of this horse will, I trust, be an apology for the price he is to cover at, however I wish gentlemen to come and view him, and see themselves the performance of his colts in the calendars, and I hope they will admit he does not stand too high. Good pasturage gratis; servants who attend the mares boarded at 10s 6d a week; corn furnished at the market price, and the greatest attention paid to the mares, but no responsibility for accidents or escapes. Notes for ten guineas will be expected with the mares by
NATHANIEL RIVES. March, 1805. N. B. The season will commence the 15th inst. and end the 1st of August. N. B.
PEDIGREE. Thereby certify, that the chesnut horse Buzzard, late the property of Christopher Wilson, Esq. was bred by me, and that he was got by Woodpecker; his dam by Dux, out of Curiosity, by Snap—Regulus, &c. Curiosity was the dam of Pantaloon, Justice, Faith, &c.
"EGREMONT." Teste, JAMES WEATHERBY. * * Buzzard has arrived at his stand, in high health and spirits. N. Rives. March 30, 1805.
The noted and much admired English Horse, KNOWSLEY,
IMPORTED in 1801, by William Lightfoot, of Charles City county; where he stood two years, the last year he stood at Capt. Wm. Lewis's, in Dinwiddie county, made espital seasons, and proved himself a sure foal getter. He is a fine bay, fifteen hands three inches high, nine years old last May, in great perfection, and as to muscular strength and beauty, not inferior to any horse in the state. He is the only horse in this country that has won four king's plates in one year; this he did in 1800; See Racing Calendar for that year. Notwithstanding this & other unexceptionable evidences of Knowsley's superior worth, yet a personal view of him will be his best recommendation.
KNOWSLEY will stand the ensuing season, at William Wood's in Albemarle county, ten miles above Charlottesville, to cover mares at Six Guineas the season, for which notes will be expected, dischargeable by the payment of Twenty Dollars, on or before the 15th of September next; Three Guineas the leap, and Ten Guineas to insure a mare to be in foal, with One Dollar for each mare to the groom; which, with the leap money, must be paid when the mare is covered. Extensive pasturage gratis, and servants sent with the mares boarded at 9s. a week. Mares may be fed as directed, at the market price of grain, and all possible care taken to prevent accidents or escapes, but no responsibility for any that may happen. The season will commence the 10th of March, and expire the 10th of August next.
WILLIAM WOODS. JAMES KINSOLVING. February, 1805. P. S. Any gentleman putting six mares shall have one covered gratis.
PEDIGREE.—Given by Lord Derby in the following words, viz: "I do hereby certify, that the bay horse called Knowsley, late the property of the Prince of Wales, was bred by me. He was got by Sir Peter Teazle, out of Capella, and was six years old last May, and no more (Signed) DERBY, (SEAL.) Knowsley, June 15, 1801. Capella was bred by gen. Parker, foaled in 1773, & got by Herod out of Miss Cape, by Regulus, Blackeyes, by Crab, Warlock, Galloway. See general stud book, pa. 40 Sir Peter Teazle was got by Highlander in 1784; see same book, pa. 182; Highlander was got by Herod; see pa. 201; and so on he may be traced thro' a noble line of ancestors for ages past without a single flaw in his genealogy, either on the male or female side.
This extraordinary horse as with great credit at 2 years old; at 3 he proved successful, and so continued until the last of the year 1800. In 1801 he was purchased for me and sent to Virginia. In 1798 he won a sweepstakes of 20 guineas each, for 3 year olds, 8 subscribers, once round the ground, beating Mr. Pierce's b c by Walnut, Sir F. T. Vane's Puff, Forward, Sir H. Williamson's Stripling, Mr. Fletcher's gr c Camperdown, Mr. G. Crompton's b c Basso, and Lord A. Hamilton's b c by Spadille, out of Snow Drop; see Calendar for 1798. He also won the members' plate of 50 guineas for 3 and 4 year olds, beating lord Derby's 4 year old colt Diomed, 5 to 1 on Knowsley, who was then Mr. Field's property; see Calendar for 1798. He also won a sweepstakes for 3 year olds, beating Mr. Garforth's b c by Spadille, and lord A. Hamilton's b c by Spadille; see Calendar for 1799.
In May 1799, York. On Tuesday May 28, a sweepstakes of 20 guineas each 7 subscribers, then the property of Mr. Walker, was won by Knowsley, beating lord Fitzwilliam's b c Wonder, 5 years old, lord Hamilton's ch b by Walout, Sir Thomas Cascoigne's Maid of the Mill, and John Robinson's b c Abraham, Newland. On Thursday the 30th following, he also won the stand plate of 50 guineas, for 4 year olds, beating lord A. Hamilton's b c by Spadille, Mr. Garforth's mare Carolina, 6 years old, lord Bellhaven's ch b Master Robert 6 years old, Mr. Wentworth's Barneby, and Mr. J. Anson's gr h Little Scott, 5 years old; See Calendar for 1799. In June 1800 (Guilford) the Prince of Wales owned him and won the King's plate for 4 year olds, of 100 guineas; 10 stone 4 lbs. four mile heats, and beat lord Donegall's b h by Pot-8-o's; See Calendar for 1800, pa. 35.
Winchester, July 8. His majesty's plate of 100 guineas, was run for and won by Knowsley, beating lord Donegall's b h by Pot 8'o's, 5 years old, and Sir F. Evelyn's b h Alparaguy, 5 years old—six to four on Knowsley.
Lewes, August 12, 1800. The king's plate of 100 guineas, 4 mile heats, was won by Knowsley, beating lord Donegall's ch c Fogleman, 4 to 1 on Knowsley. Thursday following he won a subscription of 10 guineas each, beating Mr. Durand's Bellissima and Mr. Ladbrooke's Humbug; see Calendar for 1800-78 and 79.
Litchfield, on Thursday, September 9, he won the king's plate of 100 guineas, 3 mile heats, for 5 year olds, carrying 8 stone 7 pounds, beating Mr. Heming's b h Pioro; ten to one on Knowsley.
This horse cost me landing in this country upwards of £700 sterling, and even at this price it was with difficulty he could be obtained; for my agent informed me, he could have sold him for 170 guineas more than the original purchase, which evidently proves the high estimation he was in. WILLIAM LIGHTFOOT.
CERTIFICATES. We, whose names are hereunto subscribed, do certify that we have bred colts from Knowsley, (or seen of his get,) that they are of fine size and form, and from their present appearance bid fair to make capital horses, either for the turf or any other service. We also believe him to be as sure a foal getter as any horse in the state. Given under our hands, &c. January, 1805:
  John Coles, fr.  Geo. W. H. Minge.    Walter Coles.  Major Wilcox.    Miles Selden, fr.  Geo. Cocke.    Miles Selden, jr.  James Stewart.    John Edloe.  John Christian.    E. P. Chamberlayne.  Hamlin Wilcox.    John Roane, jr.  Wm. Southall.    C. Harrison.  John Colgin.    John Minge.   
I do hereby certify that in the spring, 1803, I saw and took particular notice of a number of colts, which were in pasture where the imported Stirling then stood—a considerable proportion of them by imported horses, among which were several of Knowsley's, and tho' them equal if not preferable to any that were there. Given under my hand, &c.
BRIGHTBERRY BROWN. Albemarle, Jan. 1, 1805. (wtf)
HART AND SOUTHGATE, MAIN STREET, RICHMOND, Offer for Sale, low for Cash or Negotiable Notes, HOLLANDS GIN by the pipe or less quantity. New England RUM, by the Hhd. or barrel. French BRANDY, Antigua RUM, WINES, &c. &c. CIDER by the barrel. BAR IRON and CASTINGS. Sole LEATHER. SPIRITS of TURPENTINE in 3 gallon jugs. CANDLES by the box. SUGAR by the barrel or retail. TEA, COFFEE, and a general assortment of GROCERIES, suitable for families and dealers, in town or country. Richmond, March 12, 1805. [wtf]
FOR SALE, One Moiety of a Brick Tenement, IN a central part of the city of Richmond, consisting of a two story house with a store and counting room on the lower floor, and five rooms above (conveniently planned for a family) with a passage leading to them (making all the rooms private) and a cellar under the whole house—a three story Lumber-house, Kitchen, Stable, &c. A considerable credit will be given for two thirds of the purchase money.—For further particulars enquire of the printer. wtf
A FEW COPIES OF THE LAWS Passed at the last session of the General Assembly of Virginia, are for sale at this Office. James Stevens, Jr. April 20th, 1805. Ready made PENS for sale here.
FOR SALE, THE subscribers are in immediate want of ten Tons or thereabouts, of clean Merchantable Hemp, For which they will give a liberal price in cash. PROSSER & MONCURE. Richmond, April 26, 1805. wtf
NOTICE. IS hereby given to all those who are indebted to the estate of ARCHIBALD LANG, dec. (Taylor of Manchester), to come forward and discharge their respective accounts, as no indulgence can be expected, nor will be given—And all those having just claims against the estate, are requested to bring them forward well authenticated for settlement, on or before the last day of October next, as this notice will be plead in bar against any claim whatsoever that may be bro't in after that time. John F. Robertson, Ex'r. of Arch'd. Lang, dec. Manchester, 30th April, 1805. wtf
NOTICE. I HEREBY forewarn the public from crediting my wife BETSEY TODD, upon my account, as I shall not be responsible for any debt to be contracted by her after the present date. William Todd. April 22d, 1805. (6i*)
FOUND, on Saturday the 2d inst. a Red Morocco POCKET BOOK, which the owner may get by applying to the subscriber and paying for this advertisement. James Bootwright. Richmond, March 4th, 1805. [BY AUTHORITY.]
RICHMOND ACADEMY LOTTERY. CLASS NO. II. 4000 Tickets at 10 dollars each. dollars. 40000 1 Prize of . . . . . dollars. 10000 1 of . . . . . 5000 5 of . . . . . dollars. 1000 5000 20 of . . . . . 500 10000 50 of . . . . . 100 5000 50 of . . . . . 50 2500 100 of . . . . . 25 2500 40000 227 First drawn ticket after 500 are drawn, dols. 500 after 1000 500 after 1500 500 after 2000 1000 after 2500 1000 after 3000 1000 after 3500 1000 after 3950 10000 The above Lottery will certainly commence drawing the first Monday in November, or sooner, if the tickets are sold.
FOR SALE, TWO LOTS, HANDSOMELY situated in the town of New Canton, on James river; on both are new and well built dwelling houses and offices; on one an excellent garden well enclosed, and the other containing one acre, with a good post and rail fence.—For further particulars enquire of Messrs. William Anderson and James Rea of said place, who are legally authorised to sell and convey the same. ROBERT HILL. New-York, 1st Feb. 1805. tf
FOR SALE, MY LAND, in the county of Surry, known by the name of SWAN'S POINT, containing about three thousand acres, situated upon James river nearly opposite to James Town and forty five miles below Petersburg. The tract is divided into two plantations each having the necessary improvements of barns, stables, &c. in thorough repair. On one is a two story brick building of six large rooms, but lately finished in handsome style, with every convenient out house for the accommodation of a genteel family. On the other, a wooden house of four rooms, well calculated for an overseer. There are upon the two plantations upwards of a thousand apple trees selected of the most approved kinds for brandy, cyder and keeping fruit; all of which have been planted out about three years, and from the attention which has been bestowed upon them are now rapidly progressing towards perfection. The peculiar advantages of this place, and wild fowl, will contribute not a little to render it an agreeable residence to those who can enjoy health in the lower country. It is deemed useless to say more, as it is presumed any person wishing to purchase would first see the property. The payments will be made easy by dividing them into such installments as may be convenient. John H. Cocke. Apl. 18th, 1805. gw
CASH will be given for Twelve or Fifteen BOYS, From 7 to 15 years old.—Enquire of the Printer. To be Sold, upon the premises, for ready money, on Monday the 24th of June next, agreeable to the last will and testament of Col. John Boswell dec. for the payment of British Debts, BOSWELL'S ORDINARY, INCLUDING near three hundred acres of the adjoining Land. This Land is called the best for wheat in the state of Virginia below the Blue Ridge, lies near the Green Springs in Louisa and is considered as a good and growing stand for various kinds of business. Those having claims of the above description are requested to make them known to the subscriber, and whether evidenced by judgment, bond or open account. JOHN MICHIE, Adm'r with the will annexed of Col. John Boswell dec. April 15th 1805. tfs
FOR SALE, TO the highest bidder, for ready money, on the 17th May next, at the dwelling house of Daniel Wilson, jr. in the county of Amelia, by virtue of a deed of trust, executed to us by the said Wilson, to secure the payment of a sum therein expressed, to John Chaffin, the property therein contained, consisting of about 35 Negro Slaves, Nine Horses, and Stock of every kind—or so much thereof as will be sufficient to pay the said debt, interest and costs—and if the same should not be sufficient, the TRACT OF LAND, whereon the said Wilson resides, containing about 1300 acres, with all necessary houses, will be sold, or so much thereof as may be sufficient to pay the deficiency. Possession given of the land the 1st of December next, with leave to sow the next crop of wheat. I. P. Cocke, W. T. Eggleston, } Trustees. Geo. Scott, April 27th, 1805. tfs
DRY GOODS suitable for the season. wtf
NOTICE. BY virtue of a deed of trust to me executed, by David Owen, in order to secure the payment of a debt due to Walter Ford, will be sold, to the highest bidder, for ready money, at Amherst courthouse, on Monday the third day of June next, 339 Acres of LAND, Lying on the waters of Hat creek and Ruckee's run, it being the land on which the said David Owen now resides. James Stevens, Jr. April 20th, 1805. 3v