The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1807-08-18 00:00:00

The Enquirer.
PUBLISHED BY THOMAS RITCHIE, OPPOSITE THE POST-OFFICE.....AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM.....(PAYABLE IN ADVANCE.)
VOLUME 4.]
RICHMOND, TUESDAY MORNING, AUGUST 18, 1807.
[NUMBER 29.]
VIRGINIA BANK STOCK.....101.
Richmond Prices Current.
Table listing prices for various goods: TOBACCO, WHEAT, NEW, FLOUR-SUPERFINE, NEW, FINE, CORN, PER BARREL, BACON PER LB., BAR IRON PER TON, HEMP PER TON, WHISKEY PER GALLON.
FOR BOSTON,
OR ANY PORT NORTH OF HUDSON: THE Brig New-Jersey, Capt. Benj. Worm...
FOR LONDON,
THE NEW COPPER FASTENED SHIP, POWHATAN: WILLIAM COTTLE, MASTER, Burthen about 500 Hds. Tobacco...
FOR LIVERPOOL,
THE FINE AMERICAN SHIP, CHARLES: W. W. PARROTT, Master, Burthen 450 Hds. Tobacco...
WANTED,
A SHIP of about 250 hogheads burthen, to load with Tobacco, for Falmouth, and a market in Great-Britain or Ireland.
FOR SALE.
TWO hundred and fifty acres of LAND, situate in Henrico county, on the Williamsburg road, about three miles from Richmond...
JUST RECEIVED AND FOR SALE, BY
FITZWHYLSONN & POTTER, Price 25 Cents, A Treatise on the Nature and Subjects of CHRISTIAN BAPTISM.
Domestic.
BOSTON, August 1. On Wednesday last, his excellency Governor Sullivan, and aids, accompanied by Gen. Lincoln...
PHILADELPHIA, Aug. 7.
Capt. Mayne, of the brig St. Croix Packet, arrived at the Lazaretto, informs, that before he failed, the British Packet had arrived there...
INTERNAL CONCERNS.
In the event of a peace in Europe, or of a war with England, in either of which cases, the export of grain and provisions would be greatly diminished...
The immense quantity of grain, consumed in Britain, in making malt liquors, may be conceived from the quantity of beer, strong ale and brown stout...
Should there be a peace in Europe, the article of provisions will be rejected in a great measure; & independent of this consideration, we must soon have an over stock of provisions from the continent...
In this point we have reference in particular to the laboring poor of Britain. In no country in Europe do the laboring poor work so hard...
CHARLESTON, July 31. We are happy to learn that captain Kaltiefen the commanding officer of Fort Johnston, has received advice that a large supply of cannon and military stores have been ordered on to this city...
FROM THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER. All the prints on the continent, to their honor be it spoken, excepting two or three of Boston, have taken American ground in relation to the late outrageous conduct of Britain.
But this representation is made in an altogether unaccountable, unless we consider it as flowing from that habitual attempt to apologize for the injustice of Britain which characterizes these prints.
British seamen, subjects of Britain, desert from British vessels. They seek an asylum in this country. Suppose on reaching our shores, in order the more effectually to screen themselves from the punishment, which would inevitably await them should they be taken by the British...
British seamen, subjects of Britain, desert from British vessels. They seek an asylum in this country. Suppose on reaching our shores, in order the more effectually to screen themselves from the punishment, which would inevitably await them should they be taken by the British...
Finally, is the cafe at all altered by such men entering the public service on board of a national vessel? It is not perceived that this in the least varies the cafe.
But it is not pretended that this is the cafe in the present instance or that it has been the cafe in any instance whatever. The cafe supposed is that of British subjects deserting from the British landing in the U. States and afterwards entering into service of the United States.
But it may be said that the law of nations which is paramount to all municipal laws, requires the surrender of deserters. This we totally deny; and say that neither the law or usage of independent nations recognises such a principle.
It is indeed, we understand, customary for the commanders of men of war on the high seas and on foreign stations, as an act of courtesy, to surrender deserters from each other.
Let us then hear no more of this most absurd of all absurd pretensions. However the Englishman, whose habitual perversion of mind has accustomed him to measure right by force, may rave in the delirium of his passions; let us look upon that American as a promising candidate for bedlam, who broaches such opinions; and particularly, let our eyes be fixed upon him in times like these.
To the President of the United States.
SIR, Indignant at the late outrage and murder committed by a British man of war, on the crew of the United States' ship, Chesapeake, we the undersigned mariners of the port of Baltimore, respectfully beg leave to tender our professional services to be employed in such manner as you may conceive most useful, pledging ourselves as we hereby solemnly do, to contribute all in our power towards avenging the cowardly murder of our seafaring brethren.
July 23. Signed by sixty-eight ship masters and mariners.
To which the President returned the following answer:
To William Couper and others, mariners of the port of Baltimore. The offer of your professional services to your country merits and meets the highest praise; should the outrages lately committed by the agents of a foreign power in the Chesapeake and its neighborhood, extend themselves to your port, your services will be valuable towards its security; and if a general appeal is to be made to the public arm, for the support of our rights, the spirit from which your offer flows, which animates our nation, will, I trust, be their sufficient safeguard.
I tender, for your country, the thanks you so justly deserve. TH: JEFFERSON. Washington, July 31. 1807.
NORFOLK, August 8. COMMUNICATION.
On Monday morning about 9 o'clock the Williamsburg Troop of Cavalry, commanded by Captain Richard Coke, returned from a tour of twenty-two days service at Hampton.
The readiness with which this detachment executed the Executive orders, has not, perhaps, been exceeded by any company engaged on the present interesting occasion. In six hours after the receipt of orders by Captain Coke, the Troop left the city, and while on duty at Hampton, not a member who belonged to the Company was absent. The willingness with which these Patriotic Soldiers discharged every part of a laborious service, in performance of which, one half of their number were frequently employed on guard, and other duties, without relief, for twenty four hours, cannot be too highly applauded by their country.
The terms in which their commanding officer has expressed his approbation of their conduct, while on duty, will be heard with pleasure by every individual, whose bosom glows with the noble feelings which agitate the heart of an American citizen at this time. The company of Volunteer Riflemen, commanded by Capt. Robert Anderson, met them at a short distance from the city; and after the usual salutes, they were escorted to the public parade ground, where several addresses, presented to them on their return, were read by the commanding officer, and they retired to their respective homes.
Williamsburg, August 5, 1807.
August 11. A French Lady arrived here on Sunday evening, in a pilot-boat, informs, that she was passenger in a fine Baltimore schooner, Capt. Volancy, from St. Jago de Cuba, loaded with sugar and hides, and bound to Baltimore; that on Saturday morning she got on board the pilot-boat; that at noon the schooner was fired at and brought to by a British frigate in sight of
land, and that the people on board the boat said the schooner was made a prize of. There were eight other passengers on board the schooner."
August 12. The British ships now in the Bay and off our coast, are the Triumph, Leopard, Cleopatra, and Columbine, the first remains generally at anchor in the bay, the two next are generally at sea, and the latter is in Hampton Roads.
The departure of the President and heads of departments from the seat of government, together with that of the British minister, would induce an expectation, that nothing more is calculated to be done until advices are received from Europe.
PITTSBURG, July 23.
By a gentleman lately from Detroit, we are informed, that the British merchants at Michilimackinac refuse to purchase any articles of country produce from the Americans, and that they are preparing to remove from our territory with their effects.
The British order of Council which we published yesterday, fully develops the intentions of the English government with respect to retaliation on the French for their decree of Nov. 21. 1806. The inhabitants of Hamburg and Bremen are to be permitted to trade with Great Britain or with neutral nations, and even to French ports, provided in the latter case the trade be carried on between British and French ports exclusively; but no commerce is to be allowed between French and neutral ports to the said inhabitants.
FREDERICKSBURG, August 14. The excessive rains of Tuesday night and Wednesday last, produced a greater fresh in the Rappahannock than has been known for more than 20 years; and we fear the destruction occasioned thereby, in the upper country, is great indeed.
The water continued to rise at ten o'clock last night. Two northern mails and one southern are now due. Virginia Herald.
At a meeting of a number of the citizens of the county of Fauquier, convened at the court-house on the 20th day of July, in the year 1807, for the purpose of taking into consideration the measures it behoves us to adopt at this momentous crisis in our affairs: On motion of Capt. Hancock Lee, Gen. John Blackwell, was unanimously appointed Chairman; and Hugh R. Campbell Secretary to the meeting: when a committee was appointed, consisting of the following gentlemen, to wit: John Love, John Scott, Hancock Lee, Wm. Beale, Robt. Randolph, Thos. Clifton, Gutavus B. Horner, Philip Harrison, James Wright, Thornton Buckner, Wm. Edmunds, Joseph Blackwell, Jr. and Augustine Jennings, to draw up and report such resolutions as the said committee might think proper on the occasion, who after retiring for a short time, returned the following report and resolutions, which were unanimously adopted.
The injuries which the neutral rights of the people of America have long been subjected to, from the government of Great Britain; The frequent invasions of our tranquility within our own jurisdiction and on our own shores; The murder of an American citizen, while navigating his vessel on our own coast, yet unatoned for, and the promotion by his government, of the officer, who dared thus, the commission of a wanton and cowardly assassination on an innocent, defenceless fellow citizen;
The known refusal on the part of Great Britain to guarantee by treaty, her future observance of our national rights, the security and maintenance of which, involve no less than the independence and sovereignty of the American people; The late daring and dastardly attack, made by one of the ships of war of Great Britain on the United States' ship the Chesapeake, in conformity, as we believe, to that spirit of their government which would prostrate at the foot of their maritime power, the rights and liberties of the free born American, and the consequent murder and dismemberment of many of our fellow citizens;
Their infolent violation of our domestic rights, by seizing, searching and detaining vessels sailing within our territorial limits, and from port to port within our own waters; And lastly, the intelligence lately received among us, that the British squadron within the Capes of Virginia, continue to wear the aspect of hostility towards us; That they have disregarded and contemned the authority of our government, by refusing to depart from our territories, when required by the proclamation of the President of the United States.
That they continue to vex and harass us by their attempts to take, by force or clandestinely, supplies for their fleet, in defiance of the inhibitions of the aforesaid proclamation, and of the aroused indignation of our fellow citizens so unanimously expressed throughout the union: Supplies from our inland land, for that fleet which has so recently murdered in cold blood our countrymen! from that spot too, which has been the scene of those crimes, and where our fellow citizens still bleed with the wounds the treachery of Britons has inflicted!
Those and many more which we might add to the catalogue of enormity, when taken into deliberate review, all seem too truly to forebode, that the relations of professed amity between the government of Great Britain and the United States, on our part indeed sincere, and for the preservation of which, the most unswerving efforts have been used by our government, must ere long, be dissolved; and that after a peace preferred for nearly five and twenty years at the expense, on our part, of a privation or suspension of many of our rights acknowledged or uncontroverted by the Law of Nations, the crisis seems near at hand, when again for our defence as an independent nation of the earth, we must with arms assert our sovereignty.
Nor have we thus deliberately made the estimate of our present portentous situation, without a regard to the superior advantages of a state of peace, of that prosperity which never fails to await the country which finds the pursuit of a pacific policy practicable: We shall indeed rejoice, (in the purest pleasure of our heart rejoice!) if it shall still be in the power of the public servants, in whose exertions we have the utmost confidence, to procure the just reparation for our injuries, and to preferve to us an honorable peace; yet when to sustain our honor as a nation, to defend our sacred rights as citizens of a free government, to protect our country against insult and outrage, a sacrifice even of the acknowledged blessings of peace is required, the duty we owe to our fathers, who with their swords have achieved our liberty, and the obligation, which posterity of right will claim of us to transmit to them the invaluable inheritance, pure and undiminished, forbid us to hesitate.
And although we have heretofore been content with the usual expression of that indignation, which we have felt in common with our fellow citizens of the union, at the late conduct of the commander of the British squadron within our capes, and our high admiration of the spirited and patriotic conduct of our fellow citizens of Norfolk and others, in the vicinity of those scenes which have been so irritating to freemen and degrading to our sovereignty, yet it seems now to have become proper that the military part of the community in particular, and the citizens in general, should with that ardor and determination which become a people who acknowledge none but the government of their choice, prepare for its defence when it shall be required.
Resolved, therefore, That we will stand ready to obey the call of our country, whenever it shall be found expedient, to advance in defence of its sacred rights. That we will stand prepared, to yield to our brethren who are exposed to the attacks of our enemies, the most prompt and immediate assistance, and when they shall find it necessary to uplift the arm of war, we will also be ready to strike.
Resolved, That it be recommended to our young men, to form themselves into volunteer companies, and to endeavor, at this momentous crisis, to perfect themselves in the military discipline, so essential to the honorable service they may be engaged in, and to necessary to the support of the rights and liberties our forefathers have bled and died for.
Resolved, That a copy of these proceedings be transmitted to the President of the United States, to the Governor of this state, and that a copy be published in the Enquirer, printed in the city of Richmond, and also, that the captains of the militia in the county be requested to read them at the head of their several companies.
JOHN BLACKWELL, jun. Chairman. A COPY. HUGH R. CAMPBELL, Secretary.
Europe.
NORFOLK, August 12.
At the moment that our paper was putting to press, the Highland Mary, Captain Frazer, arrived from London, which left the 14th of June, by her we have received papers to the 13th of that month. These papers do not contain any intelligence of importance. They speak of a battle fought in Poland on the 16th of May, in which victory is claimed by both sides—but the whole we incline to think is mere fiction, because accounts from the French Head-Quarters are (via France) as late as the 24th of May, and they make no mention of such a battle.
Great anxiety appears to prevail respecting the treaty with this country, which it is understood was to be returned by Mr. Purvis, the filing of the Wasp from Washington being noticed in a paper of the 10th of June. By this vessel dispatches for the Secretary of State have been received, and will go on to Washington by the mail to-morrow morning. Parliament was specially summoned to meet on the 22nd of June. Nothing is said of negotiations for peace. Ledger.
From a London Paper of the 13th of June.
The public attention is naturally occupied with the disaster which has been sustained by our troops in Egypt. We shall present our readers with the details, such as they have reached us. Major general Wauchop was sent from Alexandria with fifteen hundred men on the 27th of March, against Rosetta. Having met with no resistance, he entered the town and immediately fired upon the windows and roofs of the houses by the Turks, who in this way not only prevented him from making himself master of the place, but rendered it necessary for the British forces to retire with the loss of above four hundred men killed and wounded. General Frazer, who commands the expedition, on receiving intelligence of this event, dispatched brigadier general Stewart from Alexandria, with two thousand five hundred men to reinforce the first detachment, which, after its repulse, had encamped itself on the plain before Rosetta. On the 19th of April a second engagement took place between this division of our army and the Turks, who in the mean time had been strengthened by the arrival of a numerous force, principally composed of Albanians from Cairo, and who advanced without the loss of a man into the English battle. The enemy, we have no doubt, had a vast superiority in point of numbers, and to this circumstance alone, can be ascribed the subsequent retreat of the British troops to Alexandria, which it is at once painful and consolatory to state they did not effect.

'till they left about a thousand men upon the field. Major-General Wauchop's detachment was composed of the 31st Regiment, and the Chasseurs Britanniques. The following list of the killed and wounded, in the attack of the 31st of March, we believe to be correct. Officers killed—Maj. Gen. Wauchop; capt. John Robertson, 31st Regiment; capt. Saracourt, Chasseurs Britanniques; Lieutenant Daniel, do. Officers wounded—Brig. Gen. the hon. Meade; Captains Hawhaw and Dowdal, 31st reg.; Lieutenants E. Knox, Fearon, Thornton, Seddon, Ryan, do. Ensign Kirby do.—Capt. Duhaussy, Dechantz, Combremont, Caloune, De La Fette, Chasseurs Britanniques; Lieutenants Lemaître, J. De Spitz, Delaut, Klinger, do. Adjutant Bonfingault, do. Rank and File killed, 170; wounded, 250—Total, 420. Of the more serious and bloody affair which took place on the 19th of April, government it is said have not received the particulars, though a mail arrived yesterday from Malta, which might have been expected to bring them. Our loss on that day however, is estimated at the least a thousand men. The 78th, the 95th, and De Rolle's regiment, in conjunction with the remains of Gen. Wauchop's detachment fought the battle in the vicinity of Rosetta, and the last mentioned of the three has suffered severely. Col. M'Leod of the 78th is reported missing. Majors Moore and Fogelgang of the 95th and De Rolle's regiment were wounded.
SAVANNAH, August 4. Captain Shaw, of the ship Abeona , who arrived here on Friday last, from Copenhagen, informs, that a few days before he failed, intelligence of the surrender of Dantzic to the French, had reached that place. The terms of the capitulation were not precisely known. It was stated that the garrison were to be permitted to return to their homes, on condition of not serving again during the present war; that the place was utterly destitute of provisions and ammunition, and all expectation of obtaining supplies completely frustrated by the vigilance of the besiegers. The loss of the French during the siege, was estimated at 30,000 men: that of the Prussians and Russians was likewise considerable, but somewhat less than the French. The fall of Dantzic, and the belief that prevailed, in consequence of the late armistice, of Sweden's being about to take part with France, had greatly affected the trade of Copenhagen: Little or nothing was doing there. The Grand armies still retained their positions. The great decisive battle was looked for daily. Capt. Shaw left Copenhagen about the 5th June.
The celebrated Abbe Maury, now a Cardinal, has been permitted to return to France, and was lately re-admitted a Fellow of the Second Class of the National Institute, which exactly corresponds with what was formerly called the Académie Française , of which he had been a distinguished Member. This re-admission created so great an interest throughout Paris, that the crowd at the sitting was excessive, and numbers, though provided with tickets, could not gain admittance. Abbe Sicard, the worthy successor of the good Abbe L'Epée, at the Institution for the Deaf and Dumb, presided at the Meeting.
BALTIMORE, August 12. By the arrival of the ship Pallas , captain Everett, in 42 days from Liverpool, we have received our regular files of London papers & Lloyd's Lists to the evening of the 23d of June inclusive—nineteen days later than before received. The most interesting articles have been selected for the Commercial Advertiser of this evening. It is stated, that a misunderstanding having occurred between the Emperor Napoleon and his brother, the King of Holland, the latter has abdicated his throne, and gone to Italy. The new Parliament of Great Britain was opened on Monday, the 23d June; and the Right Hon. Charles Abbot unanimously chosen Speaker of the House of Commons. It was expected, that a motion would be offered on the succeeding Friday, calculated to try the strength of parties. We find nothing in the papers relating to affairs with this country. Price of Stocks on the 23d—per cent. cons. for money—do. for opening 64 1/8—5 per cent. red. 62 7/8—63—Omnium 3-4 1 per cent.
LONDON, June 14. Destruction of the Dutch Shipping at Batavia. From the private journal of capt. Vicary, from Batavia, it appears that the Batavian frigate Maria Reygerburgh, of 44 guns, was taken by Sir Edward Pellew's squadron. The extent of the destruction of the shipping may be judged of from the following extract. The following vessels were burnt near the batteries, viz. Frigate Phoenix, 32 guns; brig Adventurer 20 do; Zeaplog (Seaflower) 14 do. States Vessels. Frigate Amsekeyn, force unknown; ship Patriot, 18 guns; brig Ceres, force unknown; Company's ships. Brig Snelyney (Swift) force unknown. Ship Deugdzaamhayd (Probity) force unknown; East Indian, do.; Zuider Pole, (South Pole) Prussian do.; private ships. And four or five at least, whose names are unknown. On the east side of the bay were burnt the Andromeda and Debora, the two finest ships in Java, both which belong to the Governor of Samara, and another large ship, the name unknown. During the engagement some of the American vessels were obliged to slip their cables and run out to keep clear of the shot, which flew thick about them. During night the sky was awfully illuminated by the blaze of 18 large ships; and the blowing up of several of them when the fire reached their magazines added to the grandeur of the scene. No one could behold the destruction of so many fine ships, without lamenting the evils inseparable from war, and particularly regretting that so large a portion of the misfortune should fall to the lot of private persons, most of whom were probably opposed to the principles and actions which first occasioned hostilities.
Extract of a dispatch from Major General Frazer to the Rt. Hon. H. E. Fox, dated on board his Majesty's ship Canopus, Aboukir Bay, April 24, 1807. I have the mortification to acquaint you that the second attempt that I thought necessary to make against Rosetta has failed, owing to a great reinforcement of the enemy being sent down the Nile from Cairo, which overpowered our troops, and obliged them to fall back with the loss (I am grieved to say) of nearly 1000 men, killed, wounded and missing. Among the latter, Lieut. Colonel M'Leod, Major Vogelang, and Major Mohr. Brigadier General Stuart,
who commanded the troops on this service, is only now upon his march towards Alexandria to the remainder of his force, and has not yet sent me the details; but as the Admiral thinks it necessary to dispatch the Wizard brig immediately to this bay to Medina, I think it necessary to give you all the information I am at present in possession of, and shall send you the particulars of this unfortunate affair by his Majesty's ship Thunderer, which will leave Alexandria very soon; and as I have no time to acquaint his majesty's ministers of this event by this opportunity, I must request you to have the goodness to do it as soon as possible.
June 19. Order of Council.—At a court held at the Queen's Palace on Wednesday last, the following Order in Council was issued:—Present, the King's most excellent Majesty in Council. June 17.—It is this day ordered by his Majesty in Council, that all ships and goods belonging to the inhabitants of Hamburg and Bremen, which, since the 1st of January last, have been, and are now detained in the ports of this kingdom, shall be restored upon being pronounced by the High Court of Admiralty to belong to the inhabitants aforesaid, and not otherwise liable to confiscation; and that the said ships and goods shall be permitted to proceed to any neutral port.—And it is further ordered, that ships and goods so belonging shall not in future be liable to detention, provided such ships and goods shall be engaged in a trade to or from any port of this kingdom, or between neutral and neutral port. But all ships and goods belonging to the inhabitants aforesaid, which shall be found trading with any hostile port, and not going from nor coming to any port of this kingdom, shall be detained and brought in for legal adjudication, and shall be adjudged as lawful prize to his Majesty. And the Right Hon. the Lords Commissioners of his Majesty's Treasury, the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty, and the Judge of the High Court of Admiralty, are to give the necessary directions herein, as to them may respectively appertain. (Signed) W. FAWKENER.
June 22. The Vienna Court Gazette draws a very different picture of the state of affairs in Turkey from the French and Dutch papers.—The blockade of the Dardanelles and of the Canal of Constantinople has reduced the capital to great distress. The Captain Pacha seems unwilling to quit the security of the sea of Marmora, and the Turkish squadron which entered into the Black Sea, has been driven out of it by the Russians. General Michelson's position remains nearly the same. He has not evacuated Moldavia and Wallachia, and has lately received considerable reinforcements. It is reported that a change has taken place in the Russian Ministry: that Baron Budberg has resigned and M. Novosiltzeff received the port folio of foreign affairs, and that Count Romanzow has been succeeded by Count Strogonoff in the Commercial Department. The latter not long since left this country, and his appointment will, it is supposed, be extremely favorable to this country.
Holland is at present strangely situated—she is apprehensive of an invasion, and she is without a chief-magistrate—Louis Bonaparte, according to private letters from Holland, has abdicated the throne in consequence of a misunderstanding with his brother.—His conduct, tho' grateful to the people because it favoured their commerce, displeased Napoleon—the with of the latter is to distress the English trade by all possible means. Does he ruin his Ally or his dependent by carrying his wishes into execution? Private letters state that as soon as Louis Bonaparte was placed on the Throne he saw the ruin which his brother's system was bringing upon the country—the people approached him with representations of their common distress, and implored him to abrogate that prohibitory commercial system, which by cutting off foreign communication, intercepted all foreign demand, and thus ruined a country which could only support itself by means of its richer neighbors. Louis Bonaparte appears to have been moved by the scene of distress before him before him: the system was partially abrogated, and the communication opened between England and Holland thro' the direct medium of neutrals. It is stated, that these indulgencies provoked the indignation of the Emperor Napoleon.
The first experienced by the King of Holland, was the desertion of his wife, the daughter of the French Empress; who, after some unsuccessful intrigues, withdrew from her husband to her mother. Louis Bonaparte, wearied with these intrigues and having in vain solicited permission to retire, has at length abdicated the Throne, and withdrawn himself to Italy.—The Dutch provinces are in consequence in the greatest confusion: they have implored the return of Louis—"that Monarch whom they have known long enough to love, and whose retreat will renew that state of confusion and distress, from which his moderation and princely humanity had but begun to relieve them." Such are the statements which private letters have brought—Louis Bonaparte is the best of his family; no very great compliment this, our readers may think.—His character is mild and humane—it has all those softer qualities which his brother wants, without any of those strong traits which his brother has—he is affable in his manners, unostentatious in living—wishing to make the people love rather than fear him. It was with great reluctance he ascended the Throne, and he has been often heard to say, that he wished his brother would have suffered him to remain his subject.—This disagreement between the brothers will encrease the dissention which has always prevailed in the Bonaparte family—Lucien and Louis have ever been the greatest favourites.—Napoleon, from the impatience and violence of his temper, was never beloved—Joseph preferred the situation of a mediator in the family. Another source of disagreement is the marked preference which Napoleon has always shown to his wife's family the Beauharnais.—The rumoured separation of Louis Bonaparte and his wife, who is one of Madame Bonaparte's daughters, will inflame the hatred between the two branches.
Letters have been received from the fleet under Vice Admiral Lord Collingwood, off Cadiz, dated about twelve days since, all of which agree that the combined squadron, about twelve or thirteen sail of the line, are ready for sea, and it is supposed if our fleet were by accident driven off their station, they would endeavour to make a grand push out to get through the Gut of Gibraltar, and endeavour to form a junction with the Carthagena or Toulon squadron, or perhaps with both.—But Lord Collingwood is ever on the alert, and his cruising frigates form a line of communication from off Cadiz Bay to his fleet in the offing, for the purpose of communicating information directly by telegraphic signals. JUNE 23. The new Swedish Minister, M. Adlerbergs, the successor of Baron Rehausen, came over in the packet with a Prussian officer, with dispatches from general Blucher to our government.
The new parliament met yesterday, but nothing more was done than the electing a Speaker. Mr. Abbot was unanimously chosen, every member bearing testimony to the ability, the independence, and the attention with which he has discharged the duties of that great office during the two last parliaments. There were about 200 members present in the House of Commons. The number of Peers that took their oaths and seats in the House of Peers was very great.
ELSINEUR, June 12. Private letters—A report is in circulation that a battle has been fought between the Russian and French armies, in which the latter were defeated—we are without any correct information on this subject, but our best hopes are for its confirmation. ST. PETERSBURGH, May 9. The Gazette of this city contains a list of 128 officers who were killed at the battle of Eylau. It also gives the names of 15 officers who died of their wounds. General Tuschow has been appointed to the command of the corps which was under the orders of the General Essen who is indisposed.
The Enquirer. RICHMOND, 18th August.
TRIAL OF AARON BURR, (CONTINUED BY ADJOURNMENT, AND HELD AT THE CAPITOL IN THE HALL OF THE HOUSE OF DELEGATES,) FOR HIGH TREASON AGAINST THE UNITED STATES.
THURSDAY, August 13. SKETCH of the arguments on the qualifications of an impartial jury (CONCLUDED.) Mr. Wirt said, it were to be wished that in this case a jury could be got of such pure materials as Mr. Martin desired; whose minds were as pure as the unsoiled snow on Dian's lap. But does experience justify such a hope? The case does not exist and the law does not require it. Mr. Martin's authorities are elementary; they are absurd; and not precisely applicable to points of practice. They are general phrases; they deal only in generals: but were these books even to be trusted; and did not their generality exclude them from familiar use; you will find that when they specify, they express a particular reference to the person of the accused. To show that these elementary principles are not completely pursued in the English courts, he would refer to Tooke's case, p. 9. Any emirity, any familiarity, is in Reeves a sufficient cause for rejection: but in Tooke's trial, Mr. Thompson's intimacy with Mr. T. for 34 years was said by the judge to be no ground of exception. But let us select another case in our own country. It is important that the rules of law should not be continually shifting on the waves of uncertainty, in order that a man may know how to steer his course. Well, now what says the case of Callender in a particular point? When Mr. John Basset had objected to himself, because he had already made up his mind on the point of libel, he was overruled. But turn to the English laws of libel and what is the principal point there? Is it who is the author? Is it on that point that the brightest beams of eloquence are shed? No. But it is on the question whether it is a libel or not. Then in the language of Mr. Batters, was not Callender cut off from more than half his defence?—Let us draw an analogy between the two cases. These jurymen might have said, that the assemblage of men on Blannerhasset's Island was H. Treason: but they knew not whether col. B. was there. Here this case and that of Callender would be strikingly parallel. In both cases, the great facts would be fixed in the mind of the juror—and the only thing that would remain, would be to trace them up to the individual accused. But the present case falls far short of that. These jurymen say, that from newspaper publications they have taken up some impression, as to Burr's treasonable intentions; but not one of them says, that the meeting on Blannerhasset's Island was an act of treason. In another point Callender's case was a stronger one than this.—It was ridiculous for J. T. Callender to have attempted to counteract the conviction, that lay against his crime. Mr. Basset's opinion was formed upon the book itself; and there was no other evidence to produce. But in this case, a jurymen have seen nothing but the evidence in the newspapers; and they say there is conflicting evidence as to the fact of treason. If then you would strip Col. B. of half of his defence, because a jurymen has made up half of his mind; how much more was J. T. Callender stripped of his?—The kind of jury that Mr. Martin contends for, is impossible to be obtained from the very nature of things. Necessity has often given the law in other cases; and perhaps it must in this. This is not the only case, where a purely impartial jurymen must have dropt from Heaven or from some other planet. Look at the English Rebellions of 1715 and of '45; when the question of the Pretender and the House of Hanover was so warmly agitated. The magazines were filled with it: the utmost zeal and enthusiasm animated every man in the nation; men not only wrote but fought for it; and that in so small a kingdom, that the very clang and the din of the battle of Culloden rang to the other confines of the country. Is this a case in which an impartial jury could have been expected? and yet the rebels were tried; tried by British jurors; tried by jurors, who had been perhaps arrayed in battle against them. Perhaps those who fought for the monarch in the fields of Culloden, were the very men who decided on the trials for treason.—Mr. Martin's rule is a good rule, when it flourishes in the mind of a good man, it is a good rule for Utopia and Arabia happy: & look to the trials of '94 in Ireland; when men who had fought at the battle of Wexford; when men at the very focus of public illumination were to sit on the trial of Alexander Hamilton Rowan. Could such men have gone into the jury box as if they had never seen the books on which these charges had been predicted; as if they had been men dropt from another planet?—From the plains of Culloden and Wexford, from London and Dublin let us come back to our own thresholds. He who could peruse the public prints of North America, for the last 12 months with adamantine indifference; he who could read the depredations of Eaton and Wilkinson without some interest; cannot be a man. No man could do it that has a soul, that can grace the bosom of a man. I appeal to the bench, whether there is that base frigidity of character in the inhabitant of North America—Look at this very panel; have they taken no impressions?—Mr. Wirt embraced a variety of other points, which our limits do not permit us to detail; and in a strain of eloquence, which it is impossible for us to transcribe. Mr. Wickham observed, that the remarks of the gentleman last up, reminded him of a Roman Epigram on a lady, who was so completely covered by the decorations which enveloped her, that she was the least part of herself. It was precisely so with the gentleman's argument. It was so perfectly enveloped in figures and graces, that the argument constituted the least part of itself; and it was only by lifting a flounce here and a furbelow there, that you could catch a glimpse of it. The gentleman has hurried us to England and to the battle of Culloden, with as much ease as if he had waved the wand of a magician. He has compared the judicial decisions in that country at the period of the rebellion with the case now agitated before this court; without having attended to the natural points of distinction between them. Every man in England could reason upon the cause of the Pretender. The basis of this decision was a chain of historical facts, recorded in books, which reason could appreciate and prejudices could not distort. Such a case before the court, had this too been founded on the annals of history or on matters of fact. Had it been established that gun-barrels had defended the Ohio; that Col. B. had had several engagements with Gen. Wilkinson; and had then been brought before this court for trial; the jury would have decided upon these facts, and not upon their own propensities. But where are the established facts in this case? The President has declared that of his guilt there can be no doubt. Yet the President is but a man and liable to deception. Gen. Wilkinson too is a witness; but his credibility may be hereafter impeached; and the supreme court has already decided that his testimony is not relative to the charge of treason. This whole tale then resolves itself into Gen. Eaton's deposition; of which though we may not be disposed to say it is untrue, we may at least assert that it is marvellous. Is this accusation then founded on historical facts? Is there a single document to support it? No; not one. How then can the gentleman pretend to intimate a parallel between this case, and the case of the Rebellions of England? If it be no disqualification for one jurymen to have entertained an opinion of Col. B.'s treasonable intentions, it can be no disqualification for 12 of them. What then would be the situation of his counsel? The jury are impassioned: their minds made up as to the treasonable designs of Col. B. With what attitude could his counsel stand before such men to vindicate his innocence? Would they pretend to operate upon marble? They might as well at once abandon the cause of their client.—These impressions too, respecting Col. B.'s intentions would directly contribute to influence their judgments as to the overt acts said to have been committed. These impressions do directly bear upon the overt act; because the intention is the first step towards the act itself, and render it more probable that act will be committed. What is most probable is soonest believed to be most likely to happen; and the man whose judgement is therefore made up as to the intentions of Col. B. cannot be said to be impartial on any one point in the cause.—Let the case be supposed of 6 jurymen whose mind is decided as to the intentions; and 6 others as to the overt act. How could the counsel pretend to address them on either of those points? If they wished to argue on one of them, they must abandon it; because 6 of the Jury are adamant: if they turned to the other, they would meet with equal prejudice and equal resistance. It was like the case of the Abbess and the Nun recorded in Tristram Shandy; where it would be a fin for either of them to pronounce a certain word entire; but by splitting it into two pieces, they completely removed all the fin of the transfection. One of them could then articulate the Bon ; and the other the ner . As to Callender's case, had Mr. Basset concluded that Callender was the author of the libel? Had he decided upon his intentions? Or upon the guilt of publishing it? No.—Did the council who appeared for him pretend to deny that it was a libel; or did they not rather voluntarily step forward for the sake of disputing the constitutionality of the law and the authority of the court, under which he was arraigned? Did Mr. Randolph himself, in the House of Representatives deny that it was a libel? And let it be recollected, that this very decision of Judge Chase was overruled in the Senate of the U.S. by a majority of 18 to 16; and yet Mr. Hay has now quoted it as law. Mr. W. then expatiated upon Mr. Hay's definition of an impartial jurymen. The sense of the majority of any country was to be considered as the criterion of impartiality and truth. What a vast saving of trouble would result from this new principle. Instead of a student's poring over the black letter in his own closet, in search of principles and tests; he need only go about to this Barbary and that Horse-Race to take the common sense of mankind. A lawyer would perhaps consult his McNally; or his Reeves: But Mr. Hay would go about collecting the sense of the nation. Is there then to be an appele nominal , as there has been in France, when the French people were asked, "are you for Napoleon being king of the French?" But this argument proves too much. Were a man to declare Col. B. guilty not only of a treasonable intent, but of a treasonable act, could he be considered as an impartial jurymen, because he happened to coincide with the public opinion? It is in fact impossible to know what that opinion is. Opinions are continually fluctuating: What is law under the administration of John Adams, is not so under the administration of Mr. Jefferson. Mr. Wirt has found fault with elementary writings, and asserts that they are not always the tests of truth. It is true that they are not always so; but they are most generally so considered. Some elementary books such as Lord Coke's are of inestimable value. As to the variation which Mr. Wirt has pointed out between one of the elementary principles of Reeves and the court's decision in the case of Horne Tooke, a reference to the report of that trial would clearly show that this case had not been accurately represented to this court. Thompson, the jurymen, was not in court; he had exercised the discretion of absenting himself, and it was said by way of excuse, that he had been long and intimately acquainted with the defendant. It was to this point that the judge spoke, when he said that it was no excuse. No excuse for what? Not from serving on the jury; but for not attending the court. Mr. Wirt then interrupted Mr. W. and submitted to every candid mind, which had most candidly stated the passage. Mr. Wirt then read it and commented at some length. A long and defutury conversation occurred on this point; after which Mr. Wickham observed that he had but one more remark to offer; that he had come to try the defendant on the law and on the fact; and not on public rumour: but that this trial would be nothing but a mockery, if it were to be submitted to the decision of a prejudiced jury. Why did the framers of our constitution attempt to secure the privilege of an impartial jury? Was it not known to them, that the period would at length arrive, when some individual would be marked out as the victim of popular and political jealousy? And was it not from such a case, that the constitution had originally forbid the Legislature to change the law of treason; and that a subsequent amendment was introduced, still further to fortify and to secure the privileges of the accused? Mr. E. Randolph (at the request of the court) read Judge Chase's answer to the article of the indictment, which arraigns his decision in the case of Mr. Basset: Mr. R. then observed that he had not intended to have interfered in this discussion; because he expected that the objections which would be offered would have been made to particular individuals only; but he had since seen, that a most serious blow was meditated at the whole system of jury trial. Whether heaven or accident had given us this illustrious boon; it was certainly our most solemn duty to preserve it pure and perfect. Vain would be all this parade, if a judge would calmly sit upon the bench, and connive at its violation. If the courts do not defend this right, could it be truly said that any man was safe in his own habitation?—Mr. R. said, that some analogies had been stated between the present and other cases. Other gentlemen had introduced Burglary and Murder ; and to this catalogue he should add the crime of uttering false money, knowing it to be false. If a juror should assert that he knew not whether the accused passed the money; but that he was certain he must have known it to be false; there could be no doubt of his being a biased and incompetent jurymen. Mr. R. expatiated at some length upon the case of Tooke, and upon the authorities quoted from Hawkins; and attempted to show that Hawkins had contradicted and confuted himself; that instead of advocating the pure and more liberal doctrines of his
own day on the subject of juries, he had appealed to the reign of the Tudors, when not a spark of liberty existed. He concluded by solemnly conjuring the court to preserve the privileges of the jury trial free from violation; he would appeal to the volume of human nature; he could almost appeal to Mr. Hay's great tribunal itself; whether any man could decide a case fairly and impartially on one half of which his mind was already made up.
SATURDAY, August 15. It is proper to observe that on Thursday three of the jury, who had been summoned on the second Venire, were discharged by the court, viz. gen. Pegram, because he was then engaged in military business; Mr. Lewis, because he owned no freehold in the state of Virginia; and Mr. William Moncure of this city, on account of his indisposition. It was understood before the rising of the court that the marshal was to summon three substitutes, and that the prisoner would accept them. Of course the Venire which was this day brought into court, was complete, and consisted of 48. Benjamin Tate was excused from serving, on account of his indisposition. Henry Randolph wished to be discharged because he was engaged in collecting the public revenue. The court would not however admit the validity of the excuse. The Venire was then called over, in the following order:
Jacob Michaux, Powhatan, William Randolph, Surry, John Edmunds, Sussex, George Minge, Charles City, William L. Morton, Charlotte, Christopher Anthony, Accomack, John Darricot, Hanover, Washington Truett, Louisa, Martin Smith, Prince Edward, Benjamin Tate, City of Richmond, Christopher Tompkins, do. Benjamin Branch, Dinwiddie, Thomas Branch, Chesterfield, James Sheppard, City of Richmond, Gabriel Ralston, do. Micajah D. Davis, Bedford, Reuben Blakey, Henrico, Miles Selden, Sussex, Walter Blunt, Sussex, Richard N. Thweatt, Petersburg, John Fitzgerald, Nottoway, Robert McKim, City of Richmond, Benjamin Graves, Chesterfield, Wm. McKim, City of Richmond, Robert Hyde, do. Thomas Miller, Powhatan, Thomas Branch, Chesterfield, Robert Goode, do. Henry Randolph, do. Miles Bott, do. Henry Bridgewater, do. Edward Hallam, City of Richmond, Anderson Barrett, do. Henry Coleman, Halifax, Edmund Baily, City of Richmond, Holder Hudgens, Matthews, William H. Hudgens, do. John Price, Henrico, Iham Godwin, do. Wm. S. Smith, do. George Blakey, do. Gray Carroll, Isle of Wight, Isaac Medley, Halifax, Richard Cird, Henrico, Edward Mansford, Powhatan, Samuel Allen, Buckingham, John M. Sheppard, Hanover, John Curd, Go. eoland. There were 7 absent.
Mr. Burr then observed, that the panel was now reduced to 40; and as it would be exceedingly disagreeable for him to exercise the privilege of making peremptory challenges to which he was entitled, he would lay a proposition before the opposite counsel, which would prevent this necessity. He would select eight out of the whole Venire , and they might be immediately sworn and impanelled on the jury. The C. J. suggested the propriety of placing those eight at the head of the panel. Mr. Hay had no objection to this arrangement. It would be easy for him to examine the qualifications of the eight who were selected, when they were once known. William S. Smith then requested to be excused, on account of his indisposition. Mr. Burr observed that Mr. S. was one of those whom he had selected; but he would be sorry to impose such a burden upon any invalid. Mr. S. was discharged.
When Christopher Anthony was called, he observed to the court, that he had uttered some expressions since he came to town, which he had been told would certainly disqualify him from serving.—Mr. Burr. Perhaps they were uttered through levity. Do you think they would be sufficient to warp your judgment? A. No. Mr. Burr. Then, S. you are not disqualified. Mr. McRae. State the tenor of those expressions. A. When I first arrived here, I met with an intimate friend, to whom I observed that I had come to town with a hope of being placed on this jury; and that I would use my exertions to hang C. J. Burr. Mr. McRae. Did you say so, knowing that such expressions would disqualify you? A. I did not; for I never expected to be put on this panel. Q. Were you serious? A. Far from it. I spoke in the utmost spirit of levity. Q. Have you been in the habit of reading the newspapers? A. I have. Q. Have you read gen. Eaton's deposition? Messrs. Burr, Martin and Wickham arose and objected to the question. Mr. Martin. You have no right to disqualify any jurymen for us. Mr. McRae. We too have rights.—Ch. Justice. Certainly the counsel for the U. S. may challenge for cause.—Mr. McRae. We are entitled to the same rights, which the opposite counsel have exercised as to the former Venire . When the jurymen were successively called before the court, did the opposite counsel in every case challenge for cause? Did not the prisoner make some general observations, that were intended for the ears of the jury; in which he spoke of his right of challenge, and requested every jurymen, who was conscious of prejudice, to object to himself? Did they not, in several cases without exercising the right of challenge, previously enquire of the jurymen, whether they had no declarations to make? Did not the counsel for the prosecution suggest some doubts about the propriety of this course? and did not the prisoner reply, that no jurymen ought to lock up in his own bosom the prejudices which he had conceived, and that he ought to declare them himself? Did not Mr. Botts frequently interrogate the jurymen, whether they had nothing to state? Mr. J. Barker's case will be particularly connected; as that gentleman positively replied, that he had no observations to make until he had been challenged; and not until this step had been taken, did any declarations fall from Mr. Barker. We wish to pursue the same course now, that was adopted on that occasion. We wish to challenge no jurymen for cause, until they have previously made declarations of their state of mind. The same justice is due to the U. S. as was awarded to the prisoner; and they have the same right to know whether a jurymen is as perfectly impartial in relation to the prosecution, as to the prisoner. As to the jurymen, themselves, they would certainly be willing to give all the information in their power. Mr. Hay was willing to take the persons selected; for he entertained no doubt of the integrity of the gentlemen who were summoned. He was willing to take them, provided they should be asked by the bench, whether they were conscious of any cause, which should disqualify them from serving. If they themselves were satisfied, he should be also satisfied. No man on this panel who had definitely made up his mind, would conscientiously think to lay his hands on the book and solemnly avow himself an impartial and qualified jurymen.—The Chief Justice understood then, that these selected eight were to pass without challenge, unless they challenged themselves. If the court were required to say, as seemed to be the wish of the prosecution, that any impressions were
to be considered as the criterion of impartiality and truth. What a vast saving of trouble would result from this new principle. Instead of a student's poring over the black letter in his own closet, in search of principles and tests; he need only go about to this Barbary and that Horse-Race to take the common sense of mankind. A lawyer would perhaps consult his McNally; or his Reeves: But Mr. Hay would go about collecting the sense of the nation. Is there then to be an appele nominal , as there has been in France, when the French people were asked, "are you for Napoleon being king of the French?" But this argument proves too much. Were a man to declare Col. B. guilty not only of a treasonable intent, but of a treasonable act, could he be considered as an impartial jurymen, because he happened to coincide with the public opinion? It is in fact impossible to know what that opinion is. Opinions are continually fluctuating: What is law under the administration of John Adams, is not so under the administration of Mr. Jefferson. Mr. Wirt has found fault with elementary writings, and asserts that they are not always the tests of truth. It is true that they are not always so; but they are most generally so considered. Some elementary books such as Lord Coke's are of inestimable value. As to the variation which Mr. Wirt has pointed out between one of the elementary principles of Reeves and the court's decision in the case of Horne Tooke, a reference to the report of that trial would clearly show that this case had not been accurately represented to this court. Thompson, the jurymen, was not in court; he had exercised the discretion of absenting himself, and it was said by way of excuse, that he had been long and intimately acquainted with the defendant. It was to this point that the judge spoke, when he said that it was no excuse. No excuse for what? Not from serving on the jury; but for not attending the court. Mr. Wirt then interrupted Mr. W. and submitted to every candid mind, which had most candidly stated the passage. Mr. Wirt then read it and commented at some length. A long and defutury conversation occurred on this point; after which Mr. Wickham observed that he had but one more remark to offer; that he had come here to try the defendant on the law and on the fact; and not on public rumour: but that this trial would be nothing but a mockery, if it were to be submitted to the decision of a prejudiced jury. Why did the framers of our constitution attempt to secure the privilege of an impartial jury? Was it not known to them, that the period would at length arrive, when some individual would be marked out as the victim of popular and political jealousy? And was it not from such a case, that the constitution had originally forbid the Legislature to change the law of treason; and that a subsequent amendment was introduced, still further to fortify and to secure the privileges of the accused? Mr. E. Randolph (at the request of the court) read Judge Chase's answer to the article of the indictment, which arraigns his decision in the case of Mr. Basset: Mr. R. then observed that he had not intended to have interfered in this discussion; because he expected that the objections which would be offered would have been made to particular individuals only; but he had since seen, that a most serious blow was meditated at the whole system of jury trial. Whether heaven or accident had given us this illustrious boon; it was certainly our most solemn duty to preserve it pure and perfect. Vain would be all this parade, if a judge would calmly sit upon the bench, and connive at its violation. If the courts do not defend this right, could it be truly said that any man was safe in his own habitation?—Mr. R. said, that some analogies had been stated between the present and other cases. Other gentlemen had introduced Burglary and Murder ; and to this catalogue he should add the crime of uttering false money, knowing it to be false. If a juror should assert that he knew not whether the accused passed the money; but that he was certain he must have known it to be false; there could be no doubt of his being a biased and incompetent jurymen. Mr. R. expatiated at some length upon the case of Tooke, and upon the authorities quoted from Hawkins; and attempted to show that Hawkins had contradicted and confuted himself; that instead of advocating the pure and more liberal doctrines of his

sufficient cause for challenge, he would ask where would this inquisition stop or where could they obtain a jury? "Gentlemen (turning to the jury) if any of you have made up and declared your opinion on the case, you will say so, before you come to the book." Mr. Burr. The law presumes every man to be innocent, until he has been proved to be guilty. It is therefore the duty of every citizen who serves in this jury, to hold himself completely unbiassed; it is no disqualification then for a man to come forward and declare that he believes me to be innocent. When Christopher Anthony was called to the book, he stated that he was in court the other day when the first venire was investigated; that it would be extremely unpleasant to serve on the jury, after having formed the very same opinions which he understood had disqualified others. Mr. A.'s objections were overruled.
John M. Sheppard. I too feel myself disqualified from passing impartially between the U. States and A. Burr. From the documents that I have seen, I have believed and do still believe, that his intentions were hostile to the U. States. It would be inflicting a wound on my own bosom, to be compelled to serve under my present impressions. Mr. S. observed, that considerations of a private nature had also borne upon his mind: for he had a child at home extremely sick.—Mr. Burr. Notwithstanding Mr. Sheppard's impressions, I could rely upon his integrity and impartiality. As to his private considerations, I do not wish wantonly to wound his feelings. I must request him therefore to set down for a moment, until we shall ascertain whether we can make a jury without him.—Mr. Hay. Has the court understood the extent of Mr. Sheppard's declarations?—Chief Justice. If the prisoner's counsel wave the right of challenge, there is an end of it.
James Sheppard was then called; who made no declarations. Reuben Blakey. I have made up no opinions either way, positively on this subject. John Fitzgerald. It is incumbent on me to state to the court, that I have formed and delivered an opinion unfavorable to Col. B. My opinion has been founded upon the depositions of Generals Eaton and Wilkinson, and other newspaper publications; and it is, that Col. B.'s intentions are hostile and treasonable against the U. S. On which account I am very unwilling to serve, lest I should possess that bias upon my mind which is unbecoming a jurymen. Mr. F. was requested to set down for a few moments.
Miles Botts. From the affidavits of Gen. Wilkinson and Eaton, my opinion has been completely made up for several months past.—Mr. Martin. I suppose you have only taken up a prejudice, on the supposition that the facts stated were true.—Mr. Botts. I have gone as far as to declare, that col. B. ought to be hung.—Mr. Burr. Do you think that such declarations would now influence your judgment? A. Human nature is frail. Nor I can positively say, Q. Have you lately declared them? A. Within a few months. I do not feel myself a competent jurymen. Mr. Burr. It will be seen, either that I am under the necessity of taking men pre-possessed against me, or of having another venire. I am unwilling to submit to the further delay of other Tales, and I must therefore encounter the consequences. I will take Mr. Botts, under a belief that he will do me justice.
Four jurymen then having been selected, the three following were sworn: Messrs. James Sheppard, Blakey and Botts. Mr. C. Anthony was affirmed. When Henry Coleman was called, he stated that he had conceived and expressed an opinion that the designs of Col. B. were always developed in mystery and always inimical to the U. S. and when informed by the public prints, that he was descending the river with an armed force, he had felt as every friend of his country ought to feel. Mr. Burr. If, sir, you have completely prejudged my case.—Mr. C. I have not. I have not seen the evidence. Mr. B. That is enough, fir. You are elected.
Mr. Hay then suggested to the court, the propriety of not swearing all the jury this day; as it would subject them to the inconvenience of an unnecessary confinement in their own room to-morrow (Sunday). Would it not be better for Mr. Marshall (the clerk) to swear three only out of the remaining four? The court might then impanel the whole on Monday and proceed immediately to business. Mr. Burr had no objections to this measure; but hoped that the court would enjoin them not to hold any conversation on the subject of the trial.
John Cury upon being called, stated that he had no prejudices for or against the prisoner; but that he was bound in candor to inform the court, that he was afflicted by a disorder (a palpitation of the heart which might interrupt and delay the progress of the cause). Excuſed. Isaac Godwyn had formed and declared an uniform opinion of Col. Burr's guilt. If he were impanelled, he should be so, under a strong impression that Col. B. was guilty of treason. Suspended.
Samuel Allen had for several months made up an opinion unfavorable to the prisoner.—Suspended. Benjamin Graves gave a long history of his domestic and family engagements to excuse himself from serving. He was asked whether he could not make some arrangements of this business between this time and Monday, calculated to remove all the inconvenience of his serving. Mr. G. could not positively say.
Mr. Burr then observed, that the two jurors who had been selected, might be sworn: the other two might be selected on Monday. And Messrs. Coleman and Bott were accordingly sworn.
Mr. Burr hoped that the Marshal would direct all the necessary preparations to be made for the accommodation of the jury, who would be confined to their own chamber after Monday. Col. Thomas Branch was then excused from serving for a reason similar to gen. Pegram's. The Chief Justice requested the jury and the remaining members of the venire to attend on Monday at 12 o'clock; and enjoined them to hold in the mean time no communication on this subject with the world.
Mr. Hay stated, that he was satisfied from the expressions which he had heard from Mr. Munford at the moment of his summons, that the prisoner would himself object to him.—Mr. Burr was satisfied with the attorney's word. And Mr. B. was accordingly discharged. Mr. Burr was sorry to be importunate; but he was under the necessity of mentioning once more the letter of the 21st October. He wished to know whether the attorney had yet found it amongst his papers, or whether he could point out other means for obtaining it. Mr. Hay had gone through two bundles of papers transmitted to him by Mr. Rodney; but he had not found it. There were other papers which he was yet to examine. He had however a copy of the original letter. Mr. Burr. Where is this copy from? From Washington or from Gen. Wilkinson? Mr. Hay. It is from Gen. Wilkinson. He has however written from the original. Mr. Burr. I shall not accept of his copy. But I will state this proposition to the attorney. If he does not find this letter by Monday, will he consent
that I obtain a subpoena duces tecum? Mr. Hay. I have no objection. C. Justice. I suppose an order may be made to issue a subpoena duces tecum addressed to the attorney general for the U. States, in case the letter is not found. Mr. Hay. I have no objection. A defultory conversation ensued between Messrs. Hay and Botts, on the arraignment of H. Blennerhassett. Mr. Hay was averse to interrupting the jury after it had been once impanelled for the trial of Mr. Burr: he was therefore anxious to have Blennerhassett immediately arraigned, and if possible, to have some day fixed for his trial. Mr. Botts did not think it possible for the court to fix on a particular time for his trial; or for the attorney to furnish any means for calculating it. Mr. Blennerhassett was not prepared for his trial: but he was then preparing a brief for the information of his counsel; which might enable them to give a definitive answer on this subject.—Mr. Hay was willing to grant them any accommodation they might require. At all events the court would only have occasion to meet one hour sooner on some day, for the arraignment of this affair. Mr. Botts promised that he would notify the attorney some day in the next week, for this purpose. The court then adjourned till Monday 12 o'clock.
MONDAY, August 17.
Charles Lee, Esq. appeared as counsel for the prisoner. Dr. Bennett of Mason county, a witness on behalf of the U. S. was called and recognized. Mr. Hay stated some little difficulty which had occurred between Mr. Botts and himself. He had furnished the prisoner with a list of the names of such witnesses, with their places of residence, which had been in his possession. He had likewise proposed and Mr. Botts had consented, that all such witnesses should be examined, whose names should be furnished to the prisoner before the commencement of the trial. He had furnished the names of three on Saturday, viz. Messrs. Neil, Goodwin and Jones; which Mr. Botts did not think ought to be accepted, because they were not furnished previous to the trial. For his own part, he did not think that the trial could be said to have commenced before the jury were sworn and impanelled.—Mr. Botts denied the existence of any such agreement between Mr. Hay and himself; and entered into a long statement to show that Mr. Hay was mistaken. For the truth of his assertions he appealed to the Record of the court. However he would agree as a matter of voluntary motion and grace to the introduction of these three witnesses. Mr. Hay solemnly expressed his belief in the accuracy of his statements; but as he was at liberty to introduce these three witnesses, he would let the subject rest, where it was at present.
The names of the selected Jurors and of the Venire were then called over. After which John M. Sheppard and Richard Cury were selected to complete the panel and sworn. The following is therefore a complete list of the Petit Jury:
Edward Carrington, Reuben Blakey, David Lambert, Benjamin Graves, Richard E. Parker, Miles Botts, Hugh Mercer, Henry Coleman, Christopher Anthony, John M. Sheppard, James Sheppard, Richard Cury.
Proclamation then having been made in due form, the Prisoner standing up; the clerk read the copy of the indictment, and afterwards addressed the jury in the usual form. VIRGINIA DISTRICT.
IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, IN AND FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT AND VIRGINIA DISTRICT.
The Grand Inquest of the United States of America, for the Virginia District, upon their oath do present that AARON BURR, late of the city of New-York and state of New-York, attorney at law, being an inhabitant of and residing within the United States, and under the protection of the laws of the United States, and owing allegiance and fidelity to the same United States, not having the fear of God before his eyes, nor weighing the duty of his said allegiance, but being moved and seduced by the instigation of the Devil, wickedly devising and intending the peace and tranquility of the said United States to disturb and to stir, move and excite insurrection, rebellion, and war against the said United States, on the tenth day of December, in the year of Christ, one thousand eight hundred and six, at a certain place called and known by the name of Blennerhassett's island, in the county of Wood and District of Virginia aforesaid, and within the jurisdiction of this court, with force & arms, unlawfully, falsely, maliciously and traitorously, did compass, imagine and intend to raise and levy war, insurrection and rebellion against the said United States; and in order to fulfil and bring to effect the said traitorous compassings, imaginations and intentions of him the said Aaron Burr, he the said Aaron Burr afterwards, to wit; on the said tenth day of December, in the year one thousand eight hundred and six, aforesaid, at the said island, called Blennerhassett's island as aforesaid, in the county of Wood aforesaid, in the District of Virginia aforesaid, and within the jurisdiction of this court, with a great multitude of persons whose names at present are unknown to the Grand Inquest aforesaid, to a great number, to wit; to the number of thirty persons and upwards, armed and arrayed in a warlike manner, that is to say, with guns, swords and dukes, and other warlike weapons as well offensive as defensive, being then and there unlawfully, maliciously and traitorously assembled and gathered together, did falsely and traitorously assemble and join themselves together against the said United States, and then and there that is to say, on the day and in the year aforesaid, at the island aforesaid, commonly called Blennerhassett's island, in the county aforesaid of Wood, within the Virginia District and the jurisdiction of this court, in pursuance of such their traitorous intentions & purposes aforesaid, he the said Aaron Burr with the said persons so as aforesaid, traitorously assembled and armed and arrayed in manner aforesaid, most wickedly, maliciously and traitorously did ordain, prepare and levy war against the said United States contrary to the duty of their said allegiance and fidelity, against the constitution, peace and dignity of the said United States, and against the form of the act of the Congress of the said United States in such case made and provided.
And the grand inquest of the United States of America, for the Virginia district, upon their oaths aforesaid, do further present, that the said Aaron Burr late of the city of New-York, and state of New-York, attorney at law, being an inhabitant of, and residing within the United States, and under the protection of the laws of the United States and owing allegiance and fidelity to the same United States, not having the fear of God before his eyes nor weighing the duty of his said allegiance, but being moved and seduced by the instigation of the Devil, wickedly devising and intending the
peace and tranquility of the said United States, to disturb and to stir, move and excite insurrection, rebellion and war against the said United States, on the eleventh day of December, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and six, at a certain place called and known by the name of Blennerhassett's island, in the county of Wood and district of Virginia aforesaid, and within the jurisdiction of this court, with force and arms unlawfully, falsely, maliciously and traitorously did compass, imagine and intend to raise and levy war, insurrection and rebellion against the said U. States; and in order to fulfil and bring to effect the said traitorous compassings, imaginations & intentions of him the said A. Burr, he the said A. Burr afterwards, to wit: on the said last mentioned day of December in the year one thousand eight hundred and six aforesaid, at a certain place commonly called and known by the name of Blennerhassett's island in the said county of Wood in the district of Virginia aforesaid, and within the jurisdiction of this court, with one other great multitude of persons whose names at present are unknown to the grand inquest aforesaid, to a great number, to wit: to the number of thirty persons and upwards, armed and arrayed in a warlike manner, that is to say, with guns, swords and dukes, and other warlike weapons, as well offensive as defensive; being then and there unlawfully, maliciously and traitorously assembled and gathered together, did falsely and traitorously assemble and join themselves together against the said United States; and then and there with force and arms did falsely and traitorously and in a warlike and hostile manner array and dispose themselves against the said United States, and then and there, that is to say, on the day and in the year last mentioned, at the island aforesaid, in the county of Wood aforesaid, in the Virginia district, and within the jurisdiction of this court, in pursuance of such their traitorous intentions and purposes aforesaid, he the said A. Burr with the said persons so as aforesaid, traitorously assembled & armed & arranged in manner aforesaid, most wickedly, maliciously & traitorously did ordain, prepare & levy war against the said U. States, and further to fulfil and carry into effect the said traitorous compassings, imaginations and intentions of him the said Aaron Burr, against the said United States, and to carry on the war thus levied as aforesaid against the said United States, the said Aaron Burr, with the multitude last mentioned, at the island aforesaid, in the said county of Wood within the Virginia District aforesaid, and within the jurisdiction of this court, did array themselves in a warlike manner, with guns and other weapons, offensive and defensive, and did proceed from the said island down the river Ohio in the county aforesaid, within the Virginia District and within the jurisdiction of this court, on the said eleventh day of December, in the year one thousand eight hundred and six aforesaid, with the wicked and traitorous intention to descend the said river and the river Mississippi, and by force and arms traitorously to take possession of a city commonly called New-Orleans, in the territory of Orleans, belonging to the United States; contrary to the duty of their said allegiance and fidelity, against the constitution, peace and dignity of the said United States, and against the form of the act of the Congress of the United States in such case made and provided.
HAY, Attorney of the United States for the Virginia district. Endorsed—"A TRUE BILL"—JOHN RANDOLPH, A Copy. Telle, WILLIAM MARSHALL, CLK.
Mr. Hay then rose to open the case, on the part of the prosecution. His speech was uncommonly luminous and instructive. He spoke upwards of two hours. As we have no time at present to report it in detail, we must be satisfied with a very short sketch of its principal points. Mr. H. expatiated at considerable length on the definition of the crime of treason. The question was, what constitutes the overt act or levying war against the U. States? He stated that there was an immense interval between the first movements of a treasonable conspiracy and actual hostilities: that individuals might meet together and make arrangements for bringing forces into the field; this conspiracy was not treason: that they might go on to levy forces without treason; and that it had even been adjudged by the Supreme Court of the U. States, that the travelling of these persons to a place of rendezvous was no treason: but that the crime of treason was constitutionally complete, when there was an assemblage of force at any place of rendezvous, which force was intended to be used for treasonable purposes before it was dispersed: He stated his reasons at great length for excluding from this definition, 1st the possession of arms; and 2dly, the actual employment of the force; and showed that his definition of treason was complete without these ingredients, as well on the principles of common sense, as on the decision of the supreme court of the U. States in the cases of Bollman and Swartwout, and also on British authorities.
He stated, that it was consequently incumbent upon him to show 1st, that there had been a treasonable design, and 2dly, a meeting to effect that design: that it would be proved to the jury that it was the design of the prisoner, not only to wage war upon the Spanish Territories, but to take possession of New Orleans, with a view of affecting that object, and with a further view of dismembering the union; that to facilitate his own designs, he had spoken disrespectfully of the government of his country, wherever he went: to the persons in the Atlantic States, he had denounced the want of energy in the administration, & asserted the facility with which the present government and liberties of the people might be overthrown: to the people in the west, he had denounced the existence of that holy union which bound them to their brethren in the east; that wherever he went he attempted to scatter disaffection; that he had not only spoken in this spirit to the people of the west, but that writings had been published by one of his associates to dislodge that gallant people and prepare them for his plans: that to accomplish these plans, in the summer and fall of 1806, men were actually enlisted; boats built; provisions to an enormous amount purchased and ammunition laid in, that about 40 men had assembled at Blennerhassett's island; that Burr was not there, because he had been warned not to go, although such had been his intention; that he had joined them when they had descended to the mouth of the Cumberland, that this joint force of about 100 men had then descended the river under the command of Burr and Blennerhassett to a point, perhaps Bayou Pierre, where he first understood that all his preparations had miscarried through the means of the commander in chief; his letter put into the hands of the President, and it was then that he had expressed his surprise and indignation to a certain person at having been thus betrayed. That chimerical as these projects may appear, there was only one thing wanting to their accomplishment, the co-operation of the commander in chief of the American army, and that it was to his exertions, that the country is indebted for the dissipation of this impending storm.
A short time after Mr. Hay had concluded, he was about to proceed to the examination of the witnesses: Gen. Eaton was sworn; when Mr. Burr rose and objected to this order of examining the witnesses. He said, that Mr. Hay had not stated the nature of Mr. Eaton's testimony; but had presumed that it related to certain conversations at Washington.—Mr. Hay. Our object is to prove by him what is contained in his deposition. Mr. Burr. Then we call upon them first to prove what the court has already established to be the course of proceeding, an overt act. Why waste 5 or 6 weeks to no purpose; at great expence and great trouble; and after all to know nothing which is relevant to the point at issue?
An argument then ensued upon this question which detained the court till 7 o'clock at night. Messrs. Botts, Wickham, Lee, and Martin advocated the necessity of proving the overt act first. Mr. Wirt opposed the motion.
He first laid a great stress upon the decision formerly given by the court, relative to this same point, on the motion for holding col. B. to higher bail; they stated that the order of evidence was a part of the law of the evidence; that the court was to judge of the competency of evidence, and that it had a right to stop any evidence, which they deemed immaterial; that it was of no avail to prove intentions, before an overt act had been established; that as in a writ of ejectment it would be ridiculous to begin with the boundaries before the title was proved, so it was improper to begin with the declarations of Col. B. or with any conversations, until the overt act was shown; that these declarations could only be admitted as confirmatory evidence; that it would be peculiarly hard on any individual for his whole life to be exposed in a court, every conversation which he had held, or every innocent declaration which he had ever made, before it was known whether any actual crime could be proved against him; that if the prosecutor was then proceeding to develope the evidence as to him, and require him to give evidence of the act itself; that if it was not so, he might be going on to charge a man accused of murder with a malignant intention, when the man said to be murdered was actually alive; or of Arson, when the house was standing. They cited a variety of opinions and cases: Judge Iredell's opinion in the case of Fries p. 164. Vaughan's case 5 St. Tr. p. 17-22. Messenger's, 2 St. Tr. p. 585. 8 St. Tr. p. 219.
Mr. Wirt contended, that from the first foundation of courts to this day, it was the practice for the prosecutor who was supposed to know the evidence best, to display it in his own way; and that it would be a disrespect to the attorney for the U. States, to wave this practice on the present occasion; that the chronological order which the attorney was about to pursue, was the lucid order of nature herself; that the proper course for enlightening the minds of the jury was to take the conspiracy from its first birth to its consummation; would a man begin a tale at the end of it? Would an historian commence the American Revolution at the siege of York? That the rule was to bring in nothing which did not touch the issue; but that the intention was an important feature in that issue. And how are the jury to be disposed of? The court knows, they have no right to keep from them any evidence touching the issue. If the prosecutor states that he is about to proceed to the intention, can the court say, that it proves not the overt act, and then send the jury out? Iredell's opinion in Fries's case, p. 174-5. And who is to be the judge of the evidence to prove the overt act? The court. Is the court to stop the prosecutor? Is then the court to usurp the right of deciding upon the evidence? As to the former decision of this court, there were two circumstances to explain it: 1st. The court wished to avoid poisoning the public mind by a needless display of evidence and call first upon the prosecutor to prove the overt act first. 2dly. The court was then both judge and jury. It might say when it was satisfied with the evidence, and when it might stop it: but the jury is now to sit upon the trial and the court is stript of half its character. The Chief Justice will most probably deliver the opinion of the court this day (Wednesday). Adjourned till to-morrow 10 o'clock.
Half after 10 o'clock.
The Court has just decided that the attorney for the prosecution is at liberty to pursue his own judgment; and the court will arrest any evidence which does not appear at its introduction to be relevant to the point at issue. The opinion in our next.
FOR THE ENQUIRER. RICHMOND, August 17, 1807.
TO THE PUBLIC.
The Orleans Gazette of the 6th ult. contains a memorial, signed by William Buford, and thirty-five others, who call themselves "citizens of Washington, Mississippi Territory," addressed to "Thomas Jefferson, president of the United States of America;" relating to my official conduct, whilst at Fort Stoddert. I was apprised, when at Washington, a few weeks ago, that such a paper had been forwarded to the President—and was informed, generally, of its contents; and although I believed it was the offspring of malignity, I was nevertheless aware that, unless it carried with it, evidence for its condemnation, (as memorials sometimes do,) the effect upon the public mind against me, would be the same as if it had been brought forth, in all the solemnity of truth and candor, which ought to characterize statements touching the conduct of a public officer.—Without presuming pointedly, to contradict the allegations of so many persons, claiming the honorable appellation of citizens of the United States, I will just beg the readers attention to the insidious manner in which the first charge in the memorial is stated, and leave it with him to determine what credit ought to be given to the memorialis. The charge stands thus:—"A certain Lieutenant Edmund P. Gaines, who has combined in one person, three different offices under the general government, (to wit:) post-master, lieutenant in the army of the U. S. and collector of the district of Mobile, for Fort Stoddert; has boldly, and openly, and in contempt for the civil laws of his country, arrested a citizen of the United States, upon the public road, and him, the said citizen of the United States, to under a military arrest, hath confined under a military guard of soldiers at Fort Stoddert."
This is a most serious charge; and were it true, as it here stands, I hesitate not to declare, that the punishment due to a traitor, would scarcely be too harsh for me. But I pray you, good reader, suspend your judgment until you learn what was really the fact: a fact which I had persuaded myself, none but the midnight assassin of character, would have withheld from the public, after making such a charge. I did arrest a citizen; I did keep that citizen in confinement for several days, at Fort Stoddert: and what is more, I did send that citizen, in charge of a worthy inhabitant of Washington district (Maj. Perkins) to this county, where I believed and hoped the citizen aforesaid would meet a fair and impartial trial, for the high offences which had been charged against him. Aaron Burr was the citizen. Why did not the memorialis take the trouble to mention this one venerable name? Perhaps it would not have suited their purpose: perhaps it would have unveiled the poor project which they had reared for my destruction, by reminding the reader of
some mysterious transactions in the West, which I forbear now to mention, but which will most likely appear in the course of an important trial, now pending in this city. This name might have drawn the readers attention to the proclamation of the President, dated Nov. 1806—and particularly to that of Governor Williams, of the Mississippi Territory, dated January, 1807. Here it would have been seen whether the charge of "contempt for the civil laws," was founded in fact or not.
In looking over the names of the memorialis, I find many that I know nothing of, and others who were never, to my knowledge, residents of Washington district—and I am persuaded, that several thoughtful young men, have been induced to sign the memorial, without understanding its contents.—This I presume they will not hesitate to acknowledge—I perceive but few names of those, who are usually deemed the steady respectable citizens of that district, who consent themselves with the dull pursuit of agriculture; for there are many of this description, and yet these 36 persons, arrogate to themselves, the title of "the citizens of Washington district."
I have long witnessed the iniquitous conduct of the Spaniards at Mobile, towards the inhabitants of that district, and I do now with confidence call on those inhabitants to testify, and I with equal confidence believe they will prove, that I have most cheerfully contributed my feeble aid in support of their rights, because whatever may be said of my profession, I am proud to acknowledge that I cannot but retain the feelings of a citizen of the United States, and I with pleasure, mingle them with those of a soldier, and because I did believe that our treaty and laws, had been in several instances contravened by the Spaniards. With respect to impositions and exactions by the Spaniards: The President of the United States, has been pleased to make the following statement:
"There has been constant hope of obtaining the navigation by negotiation and no endeavours have been spared. Congress has not thought it expedient as yet to plunge the nation into a war against Spain and France, to obtain an exemption from the duty levied on the use of that river."
After what I have written, I deem it almost superfluous to tell the reader that I have never been in the habit of writing for news-papers. I was raised in the pursuits of my Father's plantation, and plough: and since I have been a soldier, my attention has been principally directed to the particular duties assigned me. I have read the laws of the United States—I think them mild and salutary, and am deeply impressed with the belief that they ought to be guarded with vigilance proportioned to their mildness; but in guarding them, I am led to believe that common sense should be consulted, in preference to the deception and intrigues of the Bar. Those who feel interested can apply as they please these remarks. EDMUND PENDLETON GAINES, Captain 2nd Unit of United States Infantry. The printers who have published the Memorial of William Buford and others, will confer a favour by giving the above a place in their respective papers. E. P. G.
Sales at Auction.
Will positively be sold on Saturday next, the 22nd Inst. on the Crafy Street, near Mr. Benj. Thomas's Store: FOUR Beds, Bed Steads and Furniture; 2 Walnut Tables; 2 Poplar do. 6 Green Mosley bottomed Chairs; 6 mahogany coloured do. 1 large Mirror; 1 small dressing do 1 pair brass Candle Sticks; 1 set Kitchen Furniture, and 1 set Pump Tools. PROSSER & MONCURE, Auctioners. August 18.
Sales at Auction.
On WEDNESDAY the 19th Inst. WILL BE SOLD, at the office of the subscribers, for cash, positively without reserve, a great variety of excellent HOUSEHOLD & KITCHEN FURNITURE, CONSISTING OF—
MAHOGANY Bedsteads, Feather Beds and Furniture, an elegant eight day Clock, a corner glass Cupboard, a mahogany hair bottom Sophia, two Bureau, one writing Desk, six small mahogany Tables, round and square, two dozen Windsor Chairs, one large mahogany chamber Chair, one set mahogany dining tables, a quantity of Plates and Glass Ware, &c. together with a great variety of kitchen Furniture, &c. &c. Darnall, Esler & Satchel, Auctioners. August 18.
MR. MARTIN respectfully informs the public, that the FIRE-WORKS,
advertised for yesterday evening, which were postponed in consequence of the inclemency of the weather, will positively take place this evening (Tuesday) August 18. (if the weather permits) at the Hay-Market Garden. Particulars as before—see bills. A number of ROCKETTS will be set off that evening, previous to the Fire-Works, which may be seen in any part of the town, from the Hay-Market Garden, as they go to an astonishing height. August 18.
CONCERT & BALL.
At the request and under the patronage of the gentlemen, officers and privates, of the Volunteer Companies of Richmond, on Wednesday evening, August the 19th, at the Hay-Market Gardens, will be performed by the band, belonging to the Richmond Light Infantry Blues, (lately returned from the Norfolk expedition.) A CONCERT of MILITARY MUSIC, interspersed with Catches, Glees and Songs, to as to make a pleasing variety.—After the Concert, A BALL, Under the direction of Mr. LA TASTE, who will introduce several new Cotillions, &c. the Music of which will be played by a full band. Capt. Wm. Richardson, Col. Quarrier, Dr. John Adams, Mr. Hyman Marks, Col. George Wm Smith, Capt. Benj. Sheppard, N. S. Saml. Clark & Mr. Orris Paine, have kindly offered their services to act as masters of the ceremonies on this occasion. The Concert will begin at 7 o'clock. Tickets of admission (one dollar each) may be had of the above named gentlemen, at the offices of the Virginia Gazette, Argus and Enquirer, at the Bars of the Bell and Union Taverns, at the Stores of Capt. Richardson, Capt. Hallam, and Lieut. Dunmore, and at the Toll-House on Mayo's Bridge. August 18. N. B. Some gentlemen not belonging to the Band, but eminent for their vocal abilities, will assist in the Glees.
FOR SALE,
On board the Sloop JULIA, JOHN DENNING, MASTER, Lying at Brackton and Craddock's Wharf: TEN Hhds. New Rum; 50 Cheeses; 6 Pigs and Hhds. of Gin; 44 Bbls. Apple Brandy; 7 Boxes Poland Starch; 90 Boxes Soap; 70 Oars; 5 Bbls. Walnuts. If applied for soon. August 18.
NOTICE is hereby given to Mr. John Acre, who intermarried with a daughter of Mr. Job Schools, now dec'd, who formerly lived in the county of King & Queen; a Legacy being left said Acre by the aforesaid Schools; the division will commence at the end of the year, after the crop is in place. Therefore the aforesaid Acre, is hereby requested by the executors, to make application for their portion of said estate. August 18.

Miscellaneous
FOR THE ENQUIRER.
A CHOICE KIND OF WHEAT.
For 8 or 9 years I have bestowed careful attention upon the culture of a particular kind of Wheat...
FITZWHYLSOON & POTTER. Have just received from London, a large supply of STATIONARY...
WRITING Paper, for blank Books, of all sizes, and of the very first quality. Various kinds of foolscap and letter Paper...
THE TAN-YARD in this place, formerly occupied by Wm. Hamby, which is now in good repair...
Also for sale or rent: A convenient BRICK LUMBER-HOUSE, situated on the bank of the basin...
TO RENT, For three or five years: THAT valuable TAN-YARD of the late Mr. Jacob Beckius...
NEAL NELSON, BOOT & SHOE MANUFACTURER, Having returned from the expedition to Portsmouth...
FOR SALE, By EDWARD HALLAM, THREE Hundred Barrels good merchantable CORN...
NOTICE. THE debtors to the late firm of GILLIAT and KIRBY, are hereby informed that Thomas Gilliat alone is empowered to receive payment...
FOR SALE. TWO TENEMENTS, nearly opposite the Bell-Tavern, containing 42 feet front and 90 deep...
FOR SALE, 175 Ton Liverpool Stored Salt, 80 Do. Do. Common Do. 60 Pieces Sacking...
WASHINGTON TAVERN! ODEN & MOORE have taken the WASHINGTON TAVERN, adjoining the Capitol Square...
WANTED, FOR THE ENSUING YEAR, AN OVERSEER.—None need apply but one who can give well recommended for honesty...
THOSE persons having claims against the estate of the late Lewis Harvie, are requested to bring them forward for settlement.
FOR SALE, A LIKELY MALE SERVANT, who can come well recommended. For further particulars enquire of the Printer.
WILLIAM HART, OPPOSITE THE SCALE-HOUSE, —HAS JUST RECEIVED,— 5000 wt. Salt Petre...
TWENTY-FIVE DOLLARS REWARD. Run away from the subscriber, living near New-Castle, in the lower end of this county, on the 27th of March last.
S. JACOBS, Being about to decline the DRY GOOD business, (in which he has been engaged for some time,) requests all those indebted to him to make payment...
FOR SALE, THAT well known Tavern, in the town of Charlottesville, Albemarle County, formerly the property of Isaac Miller...
FOR SALE, THAT well known Tavern, in the town of Charlottesville, Albemarle County, formerly the property of Isaac Miller...
FOR SALE, THAT well known Tavern, in the town of Charlottesville, Albemarle County, formerly the property of Isaac Miller...
FOR SALE, THAT well known Tavern, in the town of Charlottesville, Albemarle County, formerly the property of Isaac Miller...
FOR SALE, THAT well known Tavern, in the town of Charlottesville, Albemarle County, formerly the property of Isaac Miller...
FOR SALE, THAT well known Tavern, in the town of Charlottesville, Albemarle County, formerly the property of Isaac Miller...
FOR SALE, THAT well known Tavern, in the town of Charlottesville, Albemarle County, formerly the property of Isaac Miller...
FOR SALE, THAT well known Tavern, in the town of Charlottesville, Albemarle County, formerly the property of Isaac Miller...
THE SUBSCRIBERS HAVE JUST RECEIVED A SUPPLY OF COLOGNE MILL-STONES, OF DIFFERENT SIZES.
TO BE SOLD, FOR READY MONEY. In pursuance of a Deed of Trust from David Rofs, Esq. bearing date on the 5th day of July, 1806...
THE COLUMBIAN MILLS & appurtenances, are subject to a ground rent to Samuel Overton; and the said Mills and the two tracts of Coal Land...
THAT valuable TRACT OF LAND, lying in the county of Cumberland, called MILL-MOUNT, containing seven hundred acres...
THAT valuable TRACT OF LAND, lying in the county of Cumberland, called MILL-MOUNT, containing seven hundred acres...
THAT valuable TRACT OF LAND, lying in the county of Cumberland, called MILL-MOUNT, containing seven hundred acres...
THAT valuable TRACT OF LAND, lying in the county of Cumberland, called MILL-MOUNT, containing seven hundred acres...
THAT valuable TRACT OF LAND, lying in the county of Cumberland, called MILL-MOUNT, containing seven hundred acres...
THAT valuable TRACT OF LAND, lying in the county of Cumberland, called MILL-MOUNT, containing seven hundred acres...
THAT valuable TRACT OF LAND, lying in the county of Cumberland, called MILL-MOUNT, containing seven hundred acres...
THAT valuable TRACT OF LAND, lying in the county of Cumberland, called MILL-MOUNT, containing seven hundred acres...
THE partnership under the firm of James C. Anthony & Co. having expired according to the terms of the same, it is therefore dissolved...
THE Subscriber intends doing business on the same terms as was carried on by James C. Anthony & Co.
FOR SALE, THE following PROPERTY, belonging to Robert Alexander, Esq. of Woodford county, in the state of Kentucky:—A LOT OF GROUND...
DRUMS, Fife, Swords, Belts, Nots, Epaulettes, Stocks and Cocksades, to be had at Enoch Salivans Jewelry Store.
MARSHAL'S SALES. WILL be held, under a decree of the court of the United States for the fifth circuit, in the Virginia district...
MANCHESTER TURNPIKE COMPANY. NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, THAT an adjournment of the general meeting of Stock Holders has been made to the first Monday in next month...
PROPOSALS, For carrying MAIL of the UNITED STATES, on the following routes, will be received at the General Post-Office...
FROM Peterburgh by Harrisville, Goldsboro,ville, Drummondsburg, Warrenton, Lewisburg, Raleigh and Averysboro, to Fayetteville, three times a week.
Leave Peterburgh every Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 3 a.m., arrive at Warrenton, same days by 3 p.m.
Return—Leave Fayetteville every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday at 4 a.m., arrive at Raleigh same days by 6 p.m.
Return—Leave Charlottesville every Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 5 1/2 a.m., arrive at Georgetown same days by 6 p.m.
NOTES. 1. The post master general may expedite the mails and alter the times of arrival and departure at any time during the continuance of the contracts...
BEVERLY ROBINSON, JOHN FOX, Comrs. This sale not taking place, the Land will be positively sold on Thursday the third day of September.
LANDS FOR SALE. The subscriber wishing to remove to the western country, OFFERS for sale 550 acres of LAND, in the county of Cumberland...