The Virginia gazette (Williamsburg [Va.]), 1774-09-01 00:00:00

VIRGINIA GAZETTE.
With the freest ADVICES,
FOREIGN and DOMESTICK.
IN CIVITATE LIBERA LINGUAM MENTEMQUE
LIBERAS ESSE DEBERE. — Suet. in Tib. S. 28.
Printed by ALEX. PURDIE, and JOHN DIXON, at the POST OFFICE.
H A G U E, May 27.
THIS Country has been much benefited from the Disparity in the English Gold Coin, by the Assistance of the Jews and Bankers. They have long practiced the Art of picking out the weighty Guineas, for Exportation or melting. This Commerce was the more profitable, as at the same Time that the good Gold was drawn from England and Ireland adulterated Silver was carried in. If this Practice had been much longer continued, it would have produced two extraordinary Effects; the first, that of drawing off all their good Gold in Specie, the other, in filling them with bad Silver.
DUDERSTADT, May 18. A Report prevails that the Army of Prince Dolgorucki hath formed the Siege of Oczakow, and that the Trenches are already opened. Field Marshal Count de Romanzow hath begun to put his Army in Motion, but this does not deprive us of the Hopes of an approaching Peace.
They write from Saxony, that Troops are raising in that Electorate with the greatest Activity, but no Mention is made of the Views of that Court.
LEMBERG, May 25. We have Advice, that the Russians have opened the Campaign with the Siege of Oczakow and Silistria; but others assure us that only a Corps of Troops has passed the Danube, which seems most probable, if the Report is true that the Chiefs of the two Armies have concluded an Armistice.
WARSAW, June 1. The Court hath received, on the Part of the Magistrates of Dantzick, a Note, in which it is signified that the Empress of Russia hath caused a Declaration to be made to the City of Dantzick, that it must acknowledge the Sovereignty of the King of Prussia over its Territory, if the said City would avoid exposing itself to the disagreeable Consequences which its Refusal may bring upon it; and as it has been determined that the City shall not obtain any Terms more favourable hereafter, it had no other Part to take but submit without Delay.
We have just received Advice that the Town of Thorn is surrounded on all Sides by Prussian Troops, who let no Body go in or out without a Passport.
June 4. We have Accounts from the Neighbourhood of Kasan, that Pugatscheff is entirely defeated, and himself made Prisoner. Major Count Melen, who was in Colonel Drewit's Corps, commanded the Troops employed on this Occasion.
LEGHORN, June 1. Letters from Palermo mention that there has been a fresh Disturbance between the People and the Soldiers, in which 300 Men were either killed or wounded.
From the Palace of LA MUETTE, June 9. The Count du Muy was this Day sworn into the Office of Secretary of State, for the War Department.
One of the Bakers at Passy having taken Advantage of the great Resort of People thither on the Fête Dieu, to raise the Price of his Bread, the King fined him 500 Livres, besides severely reprimanding him.
CONSTANTINOPLE, April 18. The Divan refuses to listen to any Proposals of Peace, unless the Conditions are advantageous to the Porte, in Consequence of which the most vigorous Preparations are making for the ensuing Campaign. Five more Ships of War are fitting out, which are to go into the Archipelago with the Squadron already fitted out for that Purpose, and the Crews of most of the Ships are Europeans. The Government is meditating an Attempt upon Crimea, being persuaded that the Russians are not able to fend into the Black Sea a Squadron sufficient to make Head against our naval Forces, when separated into two Divisions; one of which is to sail to Trebizonde, and land a great Number of Troops in that Peninsula, and the other is to protect Oczakow from the Attacks of the Enemy.
MARLI, June 19. Yesterday Morning, at eight o'Clock, the King, the Count de Provence, and the Count and Countess d'Artois, were inoculated for the Smallpox, after being properly prepared for it. The various Matter was taken from a Child of two Years old, which was of the best Sort. The State of Health of the Child, and of its Father and Mother, had been inquired into very minutely by the Physicians, and the most exact Informations on that Head have been attested before the Magistrates.
PARIS, May 30. His Majesty has given the Queen the Place called the Petit Trianon for her Amusement, and three Sets of fine Horses. It is assured, that his Majesty has likewise given the Palace of La Muette to the Count de Provence, that of Bellevue to the Count d'Artois, and that of Choisy to the Countess Adelaide, Victoire, and Sophie. His Majesty has given the Count and Countess de Maurepas an Apartment at Versailles, which communicates with his own. It is the same that Madame de Barré formerly occupied, three Rooms only excepted, which M. Thierry inhabits, who is first Valet de Chambre to the King.
The Count de Maurepas, who will probably be appointed Prime Minister, was born the 7th of July, 1701. At 15 Years of Age the Post of Secretary of State for the Marine Department, which was formerly held by the late Count de Pontchartrain, his Father, was granted him by the Regent of France, who, in 1718, permitted him to exercise it. He was a long Time charged with the Department of Paris, and during his Exile always held the Esteem of the Nation, which he acquired during his Ministry.
The Chancellor held the Seals last Wednesday in the Name of Louis XVI. for the first Time. It was thought the King would have kept them himself.
As the first Master of the Horse pretends to have a Right to all the Horses at the Death of the King, as the Grand Master of the Household claims all the Plate, &c. the King has reduced these much abused Rights, which were become Affairs of too great Importance to be any longer suffered.
The King applies himself so closely, that it is feared he will hurt his Health. Both the King and Queen receive all the Petitions, Letters, &c. which are presented them when they are walking, or elsewhere.
The King purposes soon to go from La Muette to Versailles, to take off the Seals from the late King's Apartments, where it is imagined he will find considerable Sums of Money.
Our Fields announce, on every Side, so plentiful a Harvest, that the Price of Bread is considerably fallen. On the other Hand, the Funds rise, publick Confidence revives, and we are persuaded that France will become more flourishing than ever.
On Sunday the 15th, the King, the Count de Provence, and the Count d'Artois, each handing their Consorts, went on Foot to Church to hear Mass. The People, in the Excess of their Joy, crowded upon the Guards, who repulsed them; upon which the King said, "Let the good People alone; they have no Mind to hurt us." The Queen, on the other Hand, said, "You take Pleasure in looking at us, and so do we." You cannot think what an Impression this makes, and how the King will be idolized.
Every Thing announces a happy Reign to us. The King has told the Count de Provence, that he will have him assist at the Council, that, in Case of Accident, he may be able to govern.
M. de Sartine has had a very long Audience of the King, "Restore (said his Majesty to him) good Morals in the City; I shall take Care of those of the Court."
ROME, May 21. They write from Viterbo, that there are such Quantities of Locusts all over the Country that most of the Fruits of the Earth have been destroyed by them; and that publick Prayers are ordered, to implore the Cessation of that great Calamity.
L O N D O N, June 8.
A PROPOSAL has been made to the Ministry to lay a Tax of a Halfpenny on every Piece of Paper on which a Receipt shall be given for any Sum above 5 and under 10 l. and a Tax of 1 d. on every Piece of Paper on which a Receipt shall be given for 10 l. and upwards! Mr. Grey Cowper, in the Course of the Debate yesterday, gave the House agreeable Information, that since the Peace, as appears by the Register of Greenwich Hospital, the Sailors employed in the Merchants Service are increased from 37 to 49,000 Men.
There are Recruiting Parties of the Marines in most of the Market Towns in the North, which induce the Country People to believe that we are upon the Eve of a War. Indeed, from several recent Circumstances, we in Town may have just Reason to cherish such Thoughts, especially if we look upon the Proceedings of France in a Light that common Prudence teaches us to do. What makes Lord North so confident of Peace, at least for six Months to come, is, that he thinks the young King of France is so religious a Man that he would sooner resign his Crown than commence a War with any Nation while his own is in Mourning for his Grandfather.
Extract of a Letter from the Hague, June 2.
"Since the Knowledge of the Death of the late, and the Accession of the present King of France, every Thing has been in Motion here. Conferences are almost constantly passing between the foreign Ministers and the Deputies of the States; the English Minister, particularly, is very frequently closeted with the Prince Stadholder. Couriers are hourly passing and repassing, and every Thing wears the Appearance of the most important Business. Almost as soon as the above Event was made publick, Draughts were made from several Regiments, which were ordered to march immediately, to reinforce the Garrisons in the Barrier Towns. A new Minister from the Republick of Poland has just arrived here."
By a Letter from Berlin, we learn that the King of Prussia has assigned a Premium of 200 Crowns to any Person who, between this and next Christmas, shall excel in the spinning of Spanish Wool, in his Royal Woollen Manufactory. This Sum is to be divided between the seven Persons that shall come nearest the Perfection; the first to have 50 Crowns, the second and third 35 each, and the other four 20 Crowns each.
The Lords of the Admiralty have issued Commissions for buying up in Ireland 900 Casks of Beef and 500 Barrels of Pork, for the Use of his Majesty's Navy.
A Correspondent says, it was remarked at St. James's, on Saturday last, that only one Person appeared in Mourning, viz. his Majesty, which rendered the Compliment paid to the Memory of the French King the more striking. Never were fewer foreign Stuffs, or more Diamonds. Many of the Court Beauties were extremely brilliant, and her Majesty seemed to be one entire Jewel. She outshone all the other Ladies in Diamonds, as much as Lady Townshend excelled them in Beauty. The great Officers of State were more liberal than usual in their Dinners, and the Illuminations at Night plainly showed that as his Majesty advances in Years he increases in the Love and Affection of his Subjects.
The grand Fête Champetre to be given by Lord Stanley to the Nobility and Gentry is now certainly fixed for to-morrow. It is to be held at the Oaks on Epsom Downs, a Villa belonging to General Burgoyne, and is expected to be one of the most elegant Entertainments ever seen in this Part of the World. No Expense has been spared to render this Festival truly magnificent; and as to the Taste and Elegance of the Decorations, it is sufficient to say they were designed by those celebrated Artists the Messrs. Adams.
In Consequence of the Multiplicity of Business now transacting in the Secretaries of States Offices, an additional Number of Clerks is ordered to be taken on, and the extra Messengers to be in Attendance.
A Correspondent remarks, that the Bishop of Gloucester has been so fortunate as to discover (and in his Treatise on Grace too) that Honours are the true Foundation of Virtue. He says, "Honourable and Right Honourable Personages have the Seeds of Virtue naturally in them." Upon this Principle, so worthy of a Dignitary of the Church, Men are good and virtuous in exact Proportion to their Rank; consequently all the poor Curates in the Kingdom are great Scoundrels, in the same Degree that his Lordship is humble, generous, humane, and pious; and the King of Prussia, instead of being the Cartouch, or the Bolland of Europe, is a better Man than any in his own Dominions, and upon a Footing even with the best of Princes.
June 9. Mr. John Malcomb, an Officer of the Customs at Boston, who was tarred and feathered, and led to the Gallows, with a Rope about his Neck, and threatened to be hanged, and whose House and Furniture were destroyed, is arrived in Town. He came on Board the Active Man of War. After he got on Board, it is said, he was offered 300 l. Sterling by the People of Boston, in Satisfaction of his Damages.
An American remarks, that Philip II. King of Spain, endeavoured for twenty Years to reduce the brave Hollenders, and notwithstanding he sent the Duke of Alva, well known for his Cruelties, that after having murdered above 100,000 People, and executed 2000 more by the Hands of the common Hangman, yet these brave and spirited seven united Provinces became a free and independent Republick, and are so to this Day. —Query, says he, if the Americans may not hold out as long, and at last become a free and independent Empire, while Great Britain, in less than that Time, as it now goes on, may become abject Slaves?
Extract of a Letter from Chatham, June 7.
"Monday Morning last, about 11 o'Clock, arrived here the Augusta, Yacht, with Lord Sandwich on Board. As soon as she came in Sight his Lordship was saluted by the Guardships, after which he came on Shore at the Dockyard, where he was received by the Commissioners and other Officers of the Navy and Marines, with the principal Officers of the Yard, &c. when a Company of Marines was drawn up before the Commissioner's House, with Drums beating, Fifes playing, and a Band of Music. His Lordship walked immediately round the Yard, and took a View of the Ships building and repairing here, as likewise of the Storehouses, Wharfs, &c."
"Yesterday Morning the Artificers and Workmen, with the Officers of Ships and Seamen in ordinary, were mustered before his Lordship, every Man, as he was called, passing regular through the Commissioner's Office; after which his Lordship took another View of the Dockyard, and in the Evening Commissioner Proby gave a Concert to Lord Sandwich, at his House, at which several Officers of the Navy, Army, &c. with their Ladies, were present."
"This Morning his Lordship went on Board the Ships in ordinary, and about 1 o'Clock sailed from this Port in the Augusta Yacht to Sheerness, to take a View of that Dockyard, the Shipping, &c. At his leaving this Port, he was again saluted by the Guardships."
June 11. It cannot be expected that Spain will omit any Argument to engage the young King of France in a War with Great Britain; her Treasures are open to him if he complies. Both Nations are galled with a Sense of their Disgrace and Losses during the last War, and our Ministry have blundered so egregiously that a more favourable Opportunity could not be offered them than the present Dispute with our American Brethren and Fellow Subjects, except those at the Helm would go one Step farther towards the Ruin of this Country, and even at once sell King and Country to our natural Enemies.
We are assured from Paris, that the most positive Orders have been sent by that Court to hasten, with all possible Vigour, the Construction of the several Ships of War and Frigates now upon the Stocks; that they may be ready to put to Sea on the shortest Notice, in Case of Emergency.
By a Letter from Santa Cruz, we have Advice that a Register Ship from Campeachy, called the Star of the Sea, and esteemed worth 200,000 Livres, is lost in her Passage, and both Crew and Cargo perished.
They write from Lisbon, that the Lanicroon, a Dutch Man of War of 50 Guns, is lost about fifteen Leagues from that Place, and all the Crew, consisting of upwards of 460 Souls, perished.
The Entertainment given on Thursday by Lord Stanley, at his Seat in Surrey, under the Title of Fête Champetre, was one of the most novel, elegant, and splendid Festivals, ever produced in this Country. The Occasion is said to be the Marriage of that young Nobleman with Lady Betty Hamilton, a Lady as distinguishable for her Beauty and graceful Manner as his Lordship is for his Taste and Munificence. Considering the Entertainment of the Day and Evening, it was beyond Description grand and agreeable; its Name was truly characteristical, as every fanciful rustic Sport and Game was introduced. There were Groups of Shepherds and Shepherdesses variously attired, who skipped about, kicking at the Tambarines which were pendent from the Trees, and an infinite Number of Peasants, habited as Peasants, who attended Swings and other Amusements, and occasionally formed Partie Carrées to dance Quadrilles. The Day closed with Dancing; the Night opened with a Display of a Suite of grand Rooms erected on the Occasion; an elegant circular Vestibule formed the Entrance to a noble State Room 120 Feet long, which communicated to a spacious Supper Room. These Apartments were decorated in a Style peculiarly ornamental and rich; they were illuminated with an infinite Number of Lamps of different Colours; the Seats were all covered, and the Drapery of the Room as well as the Curtains was trimmed with Gold Fringe. In the Centre of the Room an ancient Druid appeared, with his Bough of Mistletoe, and in a characteristical Dress. A Scene was also introduced exhibiting a large Group of Fauns and Driads, about thirty in Number, in picturesque Habits of Tiger Skins, ornamented with Oak Leaves, over a fine Rose-coloured Silk; these entertained the Company with a serious Dance, under the Direction of Seignor Levy, the Opera House Ballet Master. There was a Partocime Story told by the Dance, in which Cupid and Hymen were introduced as principal Characters; the little blind God was robbed of his Wings by Hymen, by Way of expressing his Wish that such a Fate should ever attend his Victims. The Profusion displayed on the Tables and Sideboards was equal to the other Elegance of the Entertainment. There were present near 300 Persons of Distinction; amongst whom were the Duke and Duchess of Marlborough, Duchesses of Northumberland and Grafton, Duke of Dover, Lord North, the foreign Ministers, Lord and Lady Melbourne, Lord Charles Spencer, Lord Robert Bertie, Lady Almeria Carpenter, Lady Frances Conway, Lady Harriet Stanhope, &c.
The Act for making more effectual Provision for the Government of the Province of Quebec, in North America, extends the Province southward to the Banks of the Ohio, westward to the Banks of the Mississippi, and northward to the Boundary of the Hudson's Bay Company.
Extract of a Letter from Petersburg, June 1.
"Fresh Advices have been just received of the entire Dispersion of the Rebels, and that Tranquillity is entirely restored to the Provinces. After their late Defeat, the Rebels formed themselves into several little Parties; but, by the Vigilance and Activity of the Imperial Troops, have been entirely dispersed or taken Prisoners. Pugatscheff himself has assuredly found Means to escape into Armenia, but it will be made a particular Article in any Treaty of Peace with the Turks that he shall be delivered up."
A Correspondent says he has been informed, by a Gentleman lately arrived from Philadelphia, that when Mr. John Malcomb, an Officer of the Customs at Boston, was leading, tarred and feathered, to the Gallows, with a Rope about his Neck, he was asked by one of the Mob whether he was not thirsty, which was natural to a Man expecting to be hanged. The unfortunate Officer of the Customs, as well as he could speak, answered yes; and immediately a large Bowl of strong Tea was put into his Hands, with Orders to drink the King's Health. Whether it was owing to Loyalty or Thirst is not material; poor Malcomb Half emptied the Bowl. He was then told he must mend his Draught, and drink the Queen's Health. Though he had done his utmost for the King, he found he must do something for the Queen; and having taken off Half the Remainder of the Bowl, he presented it back to the Persons from whom he had received it. Hold! hold! cries his Friend, you are not to forget the rest of the Royal Family; come, drink to the Prince of Wales. Replenish, replenish, cries the loyal American; and instantly poor Malcomb saw two Quarts more of what he was heartily sick of. Make Haste, cries another loyal American; you have nine more Healths to drink before you arrive at the Gallows. For God's Sake, Gentlemen, be merciful, I am ready to burst; if I drink a Drop more, I shall die. Suppose you do, cries one of the Mob, you die in a good Cause, and it is as well to be drowned as hanged, and immediately the drenching Horn was put to his Mouth, to the Health of the Bishop of Osnaburg; and, having gone through the other eight, he turned pale, shook his Head, and instantly filled the Bowl which he had just emptied. What, says the American, are you sick of the Royal Family? No, replies Malcomb, my Stomach naufates the Tea; it rises at it like Poison. And yet, you Rascal, returns the American, your whole Fraternity at the Customhouse would drench us with this Poison, and we are to have our Throats cut if it will not stay upon our Stomachs. The merciful Americans desisted, and the Procession was continued towards the Gallows.
Though the Company at the Fête Champetre, given by Lord Stanley, was in general dressed with much Propriety, the Ladies and Gentlemen who were singularly happy in the Fancy of their Habits were the Duke and Duchess of Grafton, the Duke and Duchess of Marlborough, Lord and Lady Sefton, Lady Betty Hamilton (the avowed Queen of the Entertainment) Lady Harriet Stanhope, Lady Warren, the two Miss Jefferys, Mrs. Fitzroy, and Mrs. Damer. The Beauty of the Ladies acquired, if possible, new Force from the pastoral Simplicity of their Appearance; and had Theocritus himself been a Spectator of the Scene, he would have confessed that the most delightful Picture his Imagination ever painted in the Fields of Sicily was by no Means to be compared with the real Fertility at the Oaks on Thursday Evening.
Extract of a Letter from Vienna, June 1.
"The Russian Captain Dergetschad, of Lieutenant General Krasminoky's Regiment, is just arrived here Express, with Advice that Field Marshal Romanzow has entirely driven the Turks out of all their Posts at and near Widdin, and has been so successful as to take a large Sum in Specie, some important Papers belonging to the Seraskier of Silistria, and thirty Baggage Waggons, with fourteen Brass Field Pieces, and Ammunition, which were on the Road to Silistria, under the Convoy of 2000 Men, which the Marshal's Detachment attacked, and routed in a short Time. Notwithstanding these Operations of the War, we are assured that Negotiations are assiduously carrying on for a Peace between Russia and the Porte."
The following Inscription is on a Tomb Stone within a League of Paris.
Two Grandmothers with their two Granddaughters, Two Husbands with their two Wives, Two Fathers with their two Daughters, Two Mothers with their two Sons, Two Maidens with their two Mothers, Two Sisters with their two Brothers, Yet but six Corpse in all lie buried here, And all born in Wedlock, and from Incest clear;

June 14. Yesterday Morning a very full Board was held at the Plantation Office, Whitehall, at which the Earl of Dartmouth presided. Several of the Colony Agents attended, by Order.
Sunday Lord Stanley, Heir to the Earl of Derby, was married at his House in Grosvenor Square, by a special License, to Lady Elizabeth Hamilton, Daughter to her Grace the Duchess of Argyle.
Letters from Paris inform us that the King has signified his Intentions to pass the next Winter at Paris, the Spring at Versailles, the Summer at Compiègne, and Autumn at Fontainebleau; and his Majesty had fixed, as this Day, his Departure for Compiègne. The Letters farther add, that the Seals are not to be taken off from his late Majesty's Effects till the perfect Recovery of the Maidames; soon after which these Princesses will go to Chantilly, to fully establish their Health.
The King of Denmark having considered of the Project formed for uniting the two Seas by a Canal, which crosses the Dutchy of Holstein, has named a Commission for putting the Project in Execution. The Commission is composed of Prince Charles of Hesse, President, Major General Wagener, Counsellor Schilden, and the Assessor of the Chancery, Jansen, which latter is appointed Secretary and Cashier.
This Morning his Ma-jesty signed a Commission for giving the Royal Assent to the Exchequer Loan Bills, the Distillers Bill, the West India Loan Bill, the Bill relative to the Cotton Manufacture, the Raisin Duty Bill, the Salecloth Bill, the Bill for regulating the driving of Cattle, the Bill relative to the Weighing Engines on Turnpike Roads, the Calder Navigation Bill, the Liverpool Church Bill, and the Bill for rebuilding Lewisham Church, together with several other publick and private Bills, amounting to near forty.
It is said the House of Commons will finish the Whole of their Business by Thursday or Friday next, and both Houses of Parliament will certainly be prorogued to-morrow se'nnight.
A capital Change amongst our Ambassadors at foreign Courts is now under Consideration, and will soon take Place.
Two new Bishops Sees it is said will be erected, it having been some Time the Object of Consideration.
Extract of a Letter from Madrid, May 6.
"Orders have been just sent from Court to the different Seaports to open the Registries for Seamen immediately, and to place them with all Despatch on Board of those Ships which are now fitted out for Sea. The Reason of these particular Orders is asserted to be on Account of some Advises just received from some of the Spanish Governors in the West Indies, which render Expedition highly necessary; certain it is that the largest naval Armament which is now fitting out is at the Port of Ferrol, and consists of nine Ships of the Line, besides Fregates, Sloops, &c. and is undoubtedly known to be intended for the West Indies."
Thursday last was committed to Aberdeen Prison, by Warrant of the Sheriff Substitute, Alexander Davison, from the Parish of Old Meldrum, accused of repeatedly beating his Father and Mother, and threatening to take their Lives. By an Act of Parliament, passed in the Reign of Charles II. Parliament 1st, and Session the 1st, it is stated and ordained, "that what Son or Daughter, above the Age of 16 Years, shall beat or curse Father or Mother, not being distracted, shall suffer Death without Mercy."
Extract of a Letter from Petersburg, May 21.
"The last Couriers that arrived from the Rebels brought Advice that the Town of Yaik, situated upon the River of that Name, which was the first and principal Seat of the Rebels, is now quite freed of them. Several of their Chiefs were found there, and among others the Wife of the Impostor Pugatcheff. This Man abandoned his Wife and Children in his own Country of Don, and married another Woman at Yaik. We have, not the least Doubt of soon taking his Person, as Parties are every Where in Pursuit of him, and he is hated by every Body."
By a Letter from Boston, in New England, we are informed that 37,324 Skeines of fine Worsted Yarn, which will make near 8000 Yards of Women's Apparel, had been spun within seven Months, by Children of that Town; and it was hoped that it would be soon all wove, dyed, and dressed, in the Province Factory House in Boston.
Lady Betty Hamilton appeared most charming at the Tete Champetre . The first Part of the Evening she was dressed in the Habit of Vandyke's Wife, in Compliment to his Lordship, who was dressed as Vandyke. At Supper she was still more beautiful, having changed her Dress for that of Iphigenia preparing for Sacrifice. After Supper, Mr. Pigot, as an ancient Druid, announced the intended Marriage in an elegant Copy of Verses.
It is asserted that a Noble Lord in a southern Department of State will soon resign, on Account of some Disputes lately received in the Cabinet.
Extract of a Letter from Greenwich, June 11.
"Yesterday, about Noon, a very daring and uncommon Robbery was committed in the Park by four Footpads, who entered the Park singly, at the north, south, east, and west Gates, and, traversing the Park in right Angles, robbed all the Ladies and Company that were taking their Morning Exercises. The Footpad that entered the north Gate by the Greyhound robbed the Company in Brazen Face Walk, till he was joined by his Companion, who had made a Collection upon all the Company walking that Way, and then each went out at the opposite Gate to which they entered. During this Time the two who entered at the east and west Gates robbed the Company walking on those Lawns in right Angles, and went out at the opposite Gates in which they entered. They were so civil, and did their Business so dexterously, that one Company never knew the others were robbed, but imagined the Stranger who joined them was an Acquaintance saluting them, and inquiring after their Healths; and before the Ladies and their Companions could recover their Fright, and make any Alarm, the Footpads made their Escape out of Town different Ways. It is supposed their Booty was not very great, as they demanded no Watches."
June 15. Letters from Madrid mention, that something of Importance is in Agitation between the French and Spanish Courts, and that Couriers are almost continually going and returning to and from there to Paris.
Last Week sixty Shipwrights were shipped at Chatham, and sent round in a Cutter to Portsmouth, to work in his Majesty's Dockyard at that Place, to complete the Ships which are fitting to relieve the Squadrons in the West Indies and the Mediterranean.
A Correspondent desires us to assure the Publick (for he heard it from a Noble Lord who was present) that Lord Chatham never dropped an Expression tending to throw any Blame on the Rockingham Administration; that he blamed the People of Boston for destroying the Tea, which he said was a popular Act that could not be defended, but he was exceedingly severe upon Administration, and condemned them highly for their Injustice in taking the worst Mode of getting Reparation. In short, his Lordship expressed no other Sentiments relative to America but what would have pleased the hottest Head in Boston. Lord Temple seconded Lord Chatham in the Debate, and agreed with him in almost every Idea; was particularly pointed against Administration, showed them to be consistent in Folly, or the basest Designs.
It is said that the Captains Uniform of the Navy will be altered, under the Direction of Sir Richard Bickerton, with the Approbation of Lord Sandwich; and when one of the Captains was informed that Part of the Alteration was the Addition of a Row of Gold Lace round the Pockets, he strongly opposed the Alteration, and, after having carried on his Opposition for some Time with great Warmth, and being asked what was his real Objection, my real Objection is, cries the honest Tar, to your Tantalizing a Set of brave Fellows, and spending so much Time in putting a Quantity of Gold round their Pockets, without dropping a single Guinea into them.
A Gentleman standing on Monday in the Mall was expressing his Surprise, with a little Circle round him, at the Manner of making the Improvements in St. James's Park. What are the Men about, says he; they seem to be taking up a Spade of Earth in one Place to carry it to a Distance, from whence they bring back another Shovel full in Return, as if Providence had been all wrong, and had not placed a single Clod as it should be; and I do not see any Design in all this! I'll tell you, Sir, cries an old Gentleman near him, you know we are all fond of changing Sides, and if you will but have Patience you will find the Bird Cage Walk brought over to the Mall, which, in its Turn, is to cross the Canal to the Westminster Side; and I am informed the ingenious Artist who is planning all these Improvements intends to place Buckingham House upon the Parade, and to let Westminster Abbey at the End of the Canal to hide Buckingham Gate.
We are informed that the intended Bridge at the Savoy will be begun next Spring, when the Breadth of the Rivet is ascertained agreeable to the Section now taking by Messrs. Yeomans and Whitworth; the main Arch not less than 100 Feet, the Carriage Way six Feet wider than Westminster, the Masonry between high and low Water Mark large Blocks of Marble, as Portland Stone is found not sufficiently durable, the Foundation of the Piers intended to be 15 or 20 Feet deep. The Want of this Precaution in the building Westminster Bridge will prove most likely fatal to this Structure, whenever the Bed of the River is sunk to its proper Level to improve the Navigation.
Orders are sent down to all the out Ports for the preventing any Persons suspected of being Shipwrights, Carpenters, Sailmakers, or Caulkers, from shipping themselves for foreign Parts, except such as enter into his Majesty's Service.
Yesterday two large Boxes filled with Skins and Gloves, from France, were seized by a Customhouse Officer in Bishopsgate Street, and carried to the Customhouse.
Monday Night the Haymakers, to the Number of 1200 and upwards, assembled in the Fields near Ilkington, and began to behave very riotously; but, by the speedy Intervention of the Civil Power, they were soon dispersed, and the Ringleaders committed to Bridewell.
The only Method by which the World can be amended.
Every wise Man ought to redress Evils to the utmost of his Power, which can be effected by one Method only, that is, by Reformation of Manners; for as all political Evils derive their Origin from Moral, these can never be removed until those are first amended. He therefore who strictly adheres to Virtue and Sobriety in his Conduct, and enforces them by his Example, does more real Service to a State than he who displaces a Minister, or dethrones a Tyrant; this gives but a temporary Relief, but that exterminates the Cause of the Disease. No immoral Man can possibly be a true Patriot; and all those who profess outrageous Zeal for the Liberty and Prosperity of their Country, and at the same Time infringe her Laws, affront her Religion, or debauch her People, are but despicable Quacks, by Fraud or Ignorance increasing the Disorders they pretend to remedy.
June 16. A Letter from Berlin, dated June 9th, says: "His Prussian Majesty has given Orders that the City of Marienbourg, in New Prussia, shall be fortified in the strongest Manner, and garrisoned constantly with 8000 Men. In the same Manner are all the Cities and Towns in the new Acquisitions to be garrisoned and fortified, and the Regiments are now augmenting for that Purpose."
The Act for the Relief of insolvent Debtors, and also for the Relief of Bankrupts in certain Cases, which was yesterday agreed to by the House of Lords, and waits only for the Royal Assent, was moved for and framed by Mr. Richard Whitworth, Member for Stafford, and not by Sir Charles Whitworth. This Motion was seconded by the Honourable Mr. Howard, and it was entirely owing to Mr. Whitworth that the Bill was this Year obtained; which we hear will be more extensive in its Effects, and advantageous to Trade, than any of the former Acts hitherto passed for that Purpose. And we are also glad to hear that the Laws relative to Imprisonment for Debt are likely to undergo a very great Alteration, by the same Gentleman, so as in some Degree to prevent the Imprisonment for Debt, in future, as being inconsistent with a free Constitution, and incompatible with a trading Country, in which not too extensive a Line of Credit ought to be drawn.
Yesterday, in the House of Commons, the Bill for ascertaining the Weights to be used in the weighing of Gold and silver Coin of this Kingdom was read a third Time, passed, and ordered to the Lords.
Went through the Bill for applying the Money granted for recoining the Gild Coin; a Clause was added, for authorizing the cutting and defacing of deficient Gold, which was agreed to, and the Bill ordered to be engrossed.
By the last Advises from Boston, we are informed that the factious People in that Town were beginning to accuse one another. Those who have Money upbraid the pennyless Rogues who have seduced them to join in the late glaring Outrages and Piracies. The monied Men say that they have been induced to give a Kind of Sanction to the outrageous Excesses of the Rebels, more from a Fear of personal Insult, and from a Dread of their Property being destroyed, than from a Consciousness of the Rectitude of the Measures of the Faction. That now they begin to see their Error, and the Folly of their Inactivity; for the low Wretches amongst them, and their Ringleaders, have committed all the late Depredations, because they had nothing to pay by Way of Retribution, whilst the whole of the Compensation for the flagrant Offences of the Mob is drawn from the Pockets of substantial orderly Inhabitants, who in general detest the villainous Proceedings of the Rebels. A serious Reflection on the past Outrages at Boston, and on the Consequences that are naturally expected to follow, has occasioned even those of the Faction, who are possessed of Money, now to endeavour to restrain their own Miscreants, whom they have routed up to Rebellion; but this they find a difficult Task. The ignorant Multitude, whom they have deluded, insist upon these first Insurgations appearing at their Head; and when they find a Backwardness in these great Men to lead them on, they not only doubt the Merits of their Cause, but, by their Complaints, signify an Aptitude to take Vengeance on their Seducers. Such was the State of Boston by the last Ship from that Port, since which later Intelligence has been received from that Town by the Way of New York; the Substance of which is, that as soon as the first Accounts of the Bill for blocking up their Harbour arrived all the low Adherents of the Faction assembled, and were just going to perpetrate some outrageous Acts of Violence against his Majesty's Officers, and those moderate judicious Men amongst themselves who wished a due Submission to Government, when the principal Inhabitants of the Town interposed, and informed the Rioters that their Insurrections and Plunderings would have a bad Effect with Respect to themselves, and would only increase the Measure of their Punishment; that England seemed now to be roused; that the most prudent Step they could take would be quietly to submit; and that if the Port should be shut up, they were well assured it would be opened the Moment Compensation was granted, and Submission professed. These Remonstrances fortunately had a happy Effect, and the Mob dispersed, promising to keep Peace and good Order. The Faction at Boston are now in the same Condition that all People feel themselves in after having committed some signal Outrage against the Laws. At first, they support one another by talking over their spirited Exertions, and praising each other's Bravery; but these vain Notions soon evaporate, and the Dread of Punishment takes Possession of their Minds, upon which they become as low spirited and dastardly as they were before, outrageous and overbearing.
In the Boston Papers, of May 2d, is inserted a Plan for the Establishment of the new American Post Office, in Opposition to that established by Government. It is however supposed, that as soon as General Gage arrives he will stop the Career of the new Post Riders, and their Employers; for by the 9th of Queen Anne, Chapter 10th, Session 1st, it is decreed, "that no Person or Persons, Body Politick or Corporate whatsoever, in Great Britain, Ireland, the West Indies, or America, other than the Postmaster General appointed by his Majesty, shall presume to take up, order, despatch, convey, carry, re-carry, or deliver, any Letter or Letters, or set up or employ any Foot Post, Horse Post, or Packet Boat, on Pain of forfeiting 50. British Money for every several Offence; and also the Sum of 100l. of like British Money, for every Week during the Continuance of the Offence. Ship Masters are also made liable to a Penalty of 50. British Money, if they do not deliver their Letters at the General Post Office."
June 21. Yesterday several of the foreign Ministers waited on his Serene Highness the Prince of Mecklenburg Strelitz, at Kew, to compliment him on his Arrival in England.
Extract of a Letter from Paris, June 10.
"His Most Christian Majesty yesterday, in the Privy Council, declared his fixed Resolution of being inoculated, together with his dear Relations the Count de Provence, and the Count and Countess d'Artois. The Members of the Council, none of whom dared venture their Opinion upon the Subject, readily consented to his Majesty's Resolution, that the Tranquility and Ease of Mind might be restored which the late King's Death, and that of many Persons who assisted him during his Sickness, had in a Manner removed. This Firmness in his Majesty has gained him the Hearts of all, on this Commencement of a Reign, in Measures which promise the Welfare of the People. Marli is the Place chosen for the Operation; and if the wish'd-for Success attends the Attempt, it is hoped that Inoculation will become general throughout Europe."
"The Medicines of France are entirely recovered from the Smallpox, and propose to assist in the Funeral Ceremonies of their Father on the 21st Instant."
General Gage arrived at Boston the 12th of May; the Town received him very peaceably, and all was quiet when the last Accounts came away. The Leaders of the Faction are quite Crest-fallen, private Letters from London having informed them that a List of their Names had been laid before the House of Peers; and that it was probable they would be sent to England, or at least that they would be disqualified from holding any publick Office in the Colony.
Sir Robert Barker, Commander in Chief of the East Company's Troops, a few Months since having made the Nabob Suja Dowlah a Present of a beautiful Brace of Pistols, richly mounted, which in England cost 120 Guineas, a short Time after the Nabob shewed the General another Pair, made in India, so exactly like the first, that, even when compared, it was difficult to distinguish the Asiatick from the British Manufacture. The Mahrattas also now forge Fire Arms of every Kind, and many of the Indian Chiefs found their own Cannon; an art Hyder Ally was taught by the French, and which, in the End, may be fatal to them-selves and their European Neighbours.
The last Accounts from Bombay, by the Dutch East India Ships, declare that Hyder Ally has emerged from the peaceful Obscurity in which he has continued for some Time past, and has laid waste a Number of little States on the Malabar Coast. A Chief, called Abdallah, is also desolating the Provinces to the north of the Carnatick; a Circumstance, says the Letter, that gives no small Uneasiness to the English, whose
Commerce must be considerably injured by such intestine Convulsions.
Last Week a Number of Silk Weavers were engaged in Spitalfields, for two Years certain, at very good Wages, for the Service of the new Silk Manufactures in Scotland, which are bringing to great Perfection.
Of all the pernicious Measures that have ever been pursued, by any Administration upon Earth, none have ever had a more immediate Tendency to destroy Trade, to ruin Manufactures, and to starve the Poor, than those that have lately been adopted for the Humiliation of the Colonies; a Humiliation alike impolitic, ignominious, unnatural, and unjust, replete with a Thousand Evils and Absurdities, and portentous of the Loss of every Thing that is valuable in this Kingdom. Commerce, the Boast of Britons, has sustained an irretrievable Injury. Our American Trade is now entirely at a Stand; all the Makers for the London Warehouses have nothing to do, and when the Orders in the foreign Houses are executed we are like to be in a blessed Situation. But (says an imperious, short-sighted Minister) are such Considerations to be a Restraint upon me? Did not a Parcel of Raggamuffins in Boston destroy a Quantity of Tea, because it was taxed? And shall they go unpunished? No, my Lord, no One objects to the Punishment of the Guilty, provided their Punishment is proportioned to the Crime committed; but the World, your own Conscience, must condemn the Oppression of the Innocent, Dragooning and enslaving a whole Province for the Enormities of a few in Cruelty in the Extreme, and universally pronounced to be infamous and diabolical. For God's Sake, then, let those whose Business it is to promote the publick Welfare have some Reason, as well as Resentment, and not thrust out both our own Eyes, merely for the Sake of depriving (not our Enemy) but our Friend, of one of his. Our Trade to America is an Object of the highest national Importance, and cannot be too carefully preserved; and unless it is speedily restored, the Imprecations of the Poor, in most of the manufacturing Places of this Kingdom, as well as this City, will bring down a Judgment upon the Heads of those who deprive them of it.
June 22. The Idea which has been entertained that the legal Demolition of Literary Property was a Victory for the Publick, and that the Interests of Literature will be thereby promoted, is a Mistake, of which the Publick will ere long be convinced. Several very considerable Works are now laid aside, and the best Authors appear to be totally discouraged. The Price which Booksellers can now pay them for their Labours is trifling, and the Consideration that in a very few Years their Works may be printed by any Body, in any Manner, is so disagreeable a Reflection as to prevent almost every Attempt at Composition.
Extract of a Letter from Dantzick, May 31.
"Our Magistracy determined yesterday, on the repeated Threats of the two allied Powers, to acknowledge the territorial Rights of Prussia over this Port, provided Prussia would declare the Conditions on which the Use of the Port is to be secured to the Town. The Russian Minister, Count Gresslein, said that he had Orders not to accept of that Resolution. The Prussian Privy Counsellor, M. Reichard, insisted upon the Answer being plain, Yes or No. This Afternoon the States held their Assemblies again, to choose which Answer they should give, but broke up without concluding on either."
"The third Assembly gave the Council to understand, that without Treachery they could not give up the territorial Right of the Town. The Citizens seem determined to see the worst."
Extract of a Letter from Portsmouth, June 20.
"This Morning Lord Sandwich, having completed his Survey here, went on Board the Augusta Yacht, which failed immediately for Plymouth."
"Five of the Guardships from this Port, and four from Plymouth, are ordered on a two Months Cruise in the Bay, under the Command of Sir James Douglas, Vice Admiral of the White. The Ships from hence are to sail on Wednesday next, to join those at Plymouth."
This Day his Majesty went to the House of Peers, in the usual State, and gave the Royal Assent to the following Bills, viz. the Sinking Fund Bill, the Lottery Bill, the Bill for making more effectual Provision for the Government of the Province of Quebec, the Bill for laying several additional Duties on Liquors imported into the Province of Quebec, the Bill for regulating and ascertaining the Weights to be made Use of in the weighing Gold and Silver Coin, the Bill for applying a Sum of Money for recoining the deficient Gold Coin, the Expiring Laws Bill, the Insolvent Debtors Bill, and two private Bills; after which his Majesty made a most gracious Speech from the Throne, and put an End to the Session of Parliament.
At one o'Clock the Right Honourable the Lord Mayor, Aldermen Crosby and Lewes, the Sheriffs, Recorder, and a Number of the Common Council, went to St. James's in a Train of 34 Coaches, and waited on his Majesty, previous to his going to the House of Peers, with their Address and Petition in Relation to the Bill for making more effectual Provision for the Government of Quebec, in which they request his Majesty to refuse his Assent to the said Bill being passed, and pray, "that our Constitution, civil and religious, may not be violated; that the Interest of the Merchants may be attended to; and that Popery may not be established in any Part of the British Dominions, as it is a Religion our Kings solemnly swear to reprobate." To which his Majesty sent for Answer, "that as the Business on which they came was already before his Parliament, he should say nothing farther to their Petition."
They write from Venice, that a Shock of an Earthquake had lately happened at the Island of Corfu, in the Mediterranean, a small Territory belonging to the Republick, by which one third of the Town was overthrown.
They write from Cadiz, that Advice is received there of the Loss of two Spanish Fregates, in the River Plate, in South America, and all their Crews perished.
There are now at the different Dockyards of this Kingdom above thirty new Ships of War which have never been at Sea, among which are one of 110, six of 90, and eleven of 74 Guns.
June 24. In the Course of last Session his Majesty went three Times to the House of Peers, and the Number of Bills to which his Majesty gave the Royal Assent, and those by Commission, amount to 157, publick and private.
Extract of a Letter from Genoa, May 24.
"According to Advises from Rome, the Chevalier Stuart (commonly called the Pretender) is preparing to set out on a Voyage to New England; and several assert that he will go on Board some Spanish Vessels, which are got ready merely for that Purpose."
Extract of a Letter from the Hague, June 17.
"According to Letters from Warsaw, the great and important Affairs relative to the Regulation of the Limits of Poland with the three allied Powers is going to be settled in earnest, the Commissaries appointed by the Republick having received their final Instructions. We learn, from good Hands, that Count de Branicki, Minister from the Court of Warsaw at Peterburg, having complained heavily to the Empress of Russia of the Proceedings of the King of Prussia, in extending his Acquisitions in Poland beyond the stipulated Limits, her Imperial Majesty has written a Letter to the King of Prussia, to desire him to desist from such Proceedings, in Order to put an End to the Complaints upon this Subject. His Prussian Majesty returned for Answer, that the Complaints of the Court of Warsaw were ill grounded; that he had done nothing more than was consistent with Justice, and his own incontestible Right; and that he wished for nothing more than to avoid all Complaints, by settling the Limits upon a just and solid Footing."
"The following Accident happened the other Day at Leuwarden, in Friesland. The Baron de Schwartzenburg got up in the Night, being obliged to go down Stairs; and the next Morning he was found dead upon the Floor, with his Night Gown and Shirt entirely burnt. It is supposed, from several Circumstances, that he was seized with a Fit of Apoplexy, that his Candle set Fire to his Clothes, and that he was unable to call for Help."
Extract of a Letter from Chatham, June 22.
"This Morning arrived here from Harwich his Majesty's Ship Centurion, a new Ship of 50 Guns. She was launched at Harwich the 27th of last Month, and is now to be laid up in this Ordinary."
"This Morning likewise arrived here from Hull his Majesty's Ship the Diamond, of 32 Guns. She was launched at Hull the 27th of last Month, and is to be laid up in this Ordinary."
"We have now no less than eighteen Fregates at this Port, all of which are in such good Condition as to be fit for Sea on the shortest Notice."
We hear from Richmond, in Yorkshire, that on Sunday se'nnight, during divine Service, some of the Beams of the old Gallery in the Church there gave Way, in which were near 400 Persons. It is almost impossible to describe the Scene of Confusion which it occasioned: Some were trampled under Foot by the Crowd, in endeavouring to get down the Stairs; others were thrown over the Banisters, and very much bruised; a Number of the North Riding Militia broke the Windows and leaped out, many of whom were terribly cut with the Glass; many People had their Clothes torn off their Backs, the Mayor lost his Gown and Wand, the Clergyman his Hat and Wig, with Part of his Cassock, the Clerk was very much bruised by the Curate falling upon him, with many other Accidents.

June 25. Yesterday, being Midsummer Day, came on at Guildhall the Election of Sheriffs for London and the County of Middlesex for the ensuing Year, when one of the most numerous and respectable Assemblies of the Livery appeared that ever met in that Hall. After several Gentlemen addressing the Livery as Candidates for the Shrievalty, the Common Crier put up in Nomination all the Aldermen below the Chair that had not served the Office of Sheriff, together with about sixteen Commoners that had been drunk to by several Lord Mayors, together with John Williams, Esq; George Grieve, Esq; and John Hart, Esq; when the principal Shows of Hands were for John Williams and John Hart, Esq; The Sheriffs then declared the Election; but a Poll was demanded in Favour of John Williams and George Grieve, Esq; and likewise one in Favour of Alderman Plomer and John Hart, Esq; which was granted, and accordingly began at five o'Clock, and closed at six; when the Numbers were, for Alderman Plomer 56, John Hart, Esq; 55, George Grieve, Esq; 45, and John Williams, Esq; 45. It is computed that there were not less than 3000 Liverymen in the Hall.
Mr. Robert Arthington, common Brewer in Leeds, was confined to his Room near three Months this Spring by the Rheumatism, which he had in so violent a Manner that his Servants were obliged to carry him to and from Bed in a Sheet for most of the above Time, enduring the most excruciating Pain Night and Day. By taking five Grains of Dr. James's genuine Fever Powder, in 48 Hours he was able to walk across the Room, and by continuing the Use of it he is now perfectly recovered. He desires this may be made publick, for the Benefit of others affected with that painful Disorder.
Extract of a Letter from Paris, June 20. "In the Course of last Week our Archbishop was informed that some Protestants assemble daily in a private House, where, after singing spiritual Psalms, they read a Chapter of Scripture. The Archbishop acquainted his Majesty with it, who ordered that the House be instantly pulled down, and the Performers prosecuted with the utmost Severity."
They write from Paris, that the Chevalier St. George and his Consort had made their Appearance at Court since the late King's Death; but that not meeting with such a Reception as he wished for, he had set out again for Italy.
It is pretty remarkable, that out of 558 Members, of which the British House of Commons is composed, that throughout the Discussion of so very important a Matter as the Quebec Bill the highest Division was only 89 and 48, and the lowest 56 and 20; so that in the fullest House not entirely a Fourth attended, and in the thinnest not much more than an Eighth.
Yesterday publick Notice was given at St. James's, that the Court Days on Sundays are to be discontinued, till farther Notice; but the Levee and Court Days on Wednesdays, Thursdays, and Fridays, are to be continued as usual.
Yesterday, in the Afternoon, her Royal Highness the Duchess of Gloucester was safely delivered of a Daughter at Gloucester House.
WILLIAMSBURG, September 1.
A FEW Days ago failed from Northampton County, for Boston, the Lucretia, Captain Brown, with 150 Bushels of Indian Corn, contributed by the Inhabitants for the Relief of their suffering Brethren in that Town.
The Sparling, Priestman, and Jane Ashburn, from Liverpool, are arrived in James River.
In Line 7th of the Parody on a late Proclamation, in our last Gazette, for This great Viceroy , read I his great Viceroy . EDGECUMBE County, North Carolina, August 1, 1774. On Thursday the 28th ult. died, after a short Illness, Mr. SKIPWITH RICHMOND, of this County, in his 23d Year. He was a Gentleman who possessed many good Qualities, being a sincere Friend, an agreeable Companion, of a most humane and benevolent Temper, and, in short, was universally esteemed by all who had the Pleasure of his Acquaintance, by whom his Death is sincerely regretted.
FALLS of POTOMACK, in VIRGINIA, August 22, 1774.
THE Subscriber being just arrived from Great Britain , with a Number of Engineers and Artificers, in Order to remove the Obstructions to the Navigation of Potomack River, and above the lower Falls, and thinking himself fully qualified for such an Undertaking, agreeable to his Proposals before his Embarkation for Europe, he is desirous to have a Meeting of his principal Subscribers and others, interested in this necessary Work; and considering it most convenient to all concerned to have the same at George Town in Maryland , he proposes that it shall be there on Monday the 26th of September , at which Time and Place he will certainly attend, and be ready to lay before them an accurate Plan and Estimate of the Expense. Also an Act of the Virginia Assembly, and likewise a Subscription from some of the principal Proprietors, &c. of the Province of Vandalia , now residing in England, for the further Encouragement of the proposed Undertaking. JOHN BALLENDINE.
TAKEN out of my Garden House the 23d Instant (August) a PINCHBECK WATCH. Whoever will bring the said Watch to me, in Williamsburg , shall have 10s. Reward. WILLIAM HORNSBY.
WILLIAMSBURG, August 31, 1774. LOST , a few Days ago, a SILVER WATCH , Maker's Name Moore, London, No. 5253. A Reward of 20s. will be given upon delivering it to the Printer.
FOUND in James River two ANCHORS , one of 125 Wt. unmarked, the other of 44 Wt. marked O X 123. The Owners may have them, proving their Property and paying Charges. GEORGE SCHERER. (2ll)
THREE likely Negro Fellows, and two valuable Virginia born Wenchies , with their Children, will be sold to the highest Bidder, at Moreland's Ordinary , in Cabin Point , on Saturday the 17th of this Instant (September) for ready Money, by Virtue of a Deed of Trust from William Hunter, of Sussex , to the Subscribers. SAMUEL & GEORGE KERR. (2)
WILLIAM DAVIS, TAILOR, YORK TOWN,
BEGS Leave to inform the Publick that he carries on his Business at that Place, and will be much obliged to those who may please to favour him with their Custom, as he will ever make it his Study to pay strict Attention to their Commands. He will furnish the following Articles complete for ready Money, viz. A Suit of the best Superfine Cloth, middle Size, 7l. 10s. Do. of Casimir, 8l. Do. of Duroy lined through, 4l. 5s. Do. of Sagathy lined, 4l. 15s. A best Barb Coating Surtout Coat, 2l. 13s. A Bath Coating Coat and Waistcoat, 3l. 10s. A Suit of the best Beans faced, 4l. 10s. He will wait upon any Gentleman within twenty or thirty Miles, and furnish them with any other Wearing Apparel at the same reasonable Rates. And that the Quality of them may not be doubted, if they are not made according to Agreement, or Orders sent, no Gentleman is desired to receive them, or make any Satisfaction whatever. (1l)
For CHARTER, THE Ship Londondale , James Grayson Master, a very good Vessel, well fitted and found. For Terms apply to Richard Squire Taylor, in King William County .
For LIVERPOOL, THE Ship Funo , John Windover Master, now lying at Layton's , on Rappahannock , a fine strong new Vessel, will take in Tobacco, on Liberty of Consignment, at 8l. Sterling per Tun. Those Gentlemen who are pleased to favour the said Ship are desired to send or deliver their Notes or Orders to the Master on Board, or the Subscriber, who will attend the different County Courts. CHARLES ALEXANDER. (2)
For CHARTER to any Part of Europe, THE Ship Sparling , William Priestman Master, Burthen about 500 Hogheads, 13,000 Bushels, or 2500 Barrels. For Terms apply to the Subscribers, in Norfolk . (8)
JOHN LAWRENCE, & Co. Who have just imported in said Vessel, from Liverpool, Irish Linens, Osnaburghs, Kendal Cottons, Felt Hats, Sail Canvas, Mould and Dipped Candles, Hard Soap, Nails, Leaf Sugar, Fine Salt, Coals, Queen's China Plates in small Crates, Seine Twine, Bottled Beer, Chiefe, &c. &c. They have also for Sale West India Rum, Old Spirits, Mucovado Sugar, Coffee, Ginger, Pimenta, Molasses, Madeira Wine, &c.
For SALE,
A TRACT of LAND in Charles City County , on Chickabominy River , containing 340 Acres, whereon is a Brick Dwelling-House, with two Rooms on a Floor, and a spacious Passage above and below, a Kitchen, Brick Dairy, and a Number of excellent Fruit Trees. The Plantation is remarkable in its Situation for Fishing and Fowling, and descended to the late Littlebury Cocke on the Death of his Mother Mrs. Mary Tyrie ; which Land the Subscribers are desirous may be sold, for, and towards, the Payment of Littlebury Cocke's Debts. Those who are desirous of purchasing the Land are desired to apply to Colonel William Edloe and Mr. William Green Munford , who are properly authorised to treat for the same, by REBECCA H. COCKE. JAMES B. JOHNSON. REBECCA JOHNSON.
W O O L L E N S.
THE Subscriber expects in daily, by the Kingston Packet , Captain Joseph Turner , from Hull , a large Assortment of coarse Woollens, viz. Six Quarter Cloths with necessary Trimmings, and other small Packages (of about 40l. Sterling Value each) consisting of coarse Dufils, Friezes, Fearnought, Halthicks, Bearskins, Kendal Cottons, Negro Blanketing, Bed Blankets, White Plaiding, Rugs of different Kinds, and other Goods which he will sell reasonable for Cash, or short Credit. NORFOLK, August 30. (11) JOHN STONEY.
To be SOLD or RENTED (Preference will be given to the first)
A PLANTATION on Allen's Creek in Mecklenburg , within a Mile of Roanoke , consisting of about 120 Acres of Land, the Property of Messrs. Alexander Donald and Co. and whereon the Subscriber now lives. The Land of itself is valuable, exclusive of the Improvements, which are a good Dwelling-House, with other necessary Outbuildings, and a large and convenient Storehouse, 32 by 44 Feet. There are about 20 Acres of the low Ground well set in Timothy and Clover, and notwithstanding this dry Summer, 15 Acres of it have yielded above 30,000 Weight of Hay, which, with about 300 Bushels of Oats in the straw, some Indian Corn, 40 Head of Cattle, 50 Head of Sheep, and some Hogs, will be sold on reasonable Terms. The Purchaser may have Possession of the Premises as soon as he pleases, and long Credit (if required) will be allowed for the Land, on his giving Bond and Security. It is expected the Store will be continued, and of Course the Purchaser will have the Benefit of the Board of the Storekeepers, and besides the Situation of the Place (being on Taylor's Ferry Road ) makes it well calculated for a Tavern. EBENEZER MACHARG.
To be SOLD, for ready Cash, at Amelia Courthouse, on Thursday the 22d of this Instant (September) being Court Day,
A TRACT of LAND, containing by Estimation 100 Acres, whereon William Grigg now lives, and adjoining the Lands of Thomas Parry, George Hightower, and George Long . It is sold by Virtue of a Deed of Trust from said Grigg , to John Tabb, Esq; and Richard Roser and Co. THOMAS SHORE.
Just imported in the Mary & Jane, Captain Chapman, and to be SOLD by the Subscribers in Williamsburg,
A FRESH Assortment of DRUGS and MEDICINES. Also Anchovies, Capers, Allspice, Pepper, Ginger, Best Saffron and Barbary Oil, Durham Mustard, Sago, Salop, Salsaparilla, Cloves, Cinnamon, Nutmegs, Hungary, Honey, Lavender, and Orange Flower waters, Anodyne Necklaces, Court Plaster, White and Brown Sugar Candy, Barley Sugar, Candied Almonds, Carraway Comfits, Orange Chips, Prunes, Essential Salt of Lemons, which makes good Punch, and takes all Kind of Stains and Spots out of Linen, &c. Anderson's Lockyer's, and Keyser's Pills, Eau de Luce, Hill's Balm of Honey, Do. Tinctures of Valerian, Golden Rod, Elixir Bardon, and Essence of Water Dock, Turlington's Balm, Godfrey's and Freeman's Cordials, James's Fever Powders, Bateman's and Jeyat's Drops, British Oil, Stoughton's Bitters, Blackie's Lixivium for the Stone and Gravel, Squire's and Daffey's Elixirs, Dickinson's Drops for Convulsion Fits, Coppertas, Lozowood, Borax, Birdlime, Red and White Lead, Verdigris, Prussian Blue, French and Pearl Barley, Breast Pipes, Nipple Glasses, Urinals, Smelling Bottles, Tooth Brushes, Antimony, Brimstone, Spelter, Zinc, Rotten Stone, Pewter Syringes, Lancets, Crucibles, Black Lead Pots, Pill Boxes, Vials, Gallipots, Glister Pipes, &c. JAMES CARTER. WILLIAM CARTER.
To be SOLD, on the Premises, to the highest Bidder, on Thursday the 29th of September, if fair, otherwise next fair Day,
A VALUABLE TRACT of LAND in the lower End of Brunswick County , at Taylor's Bridge , containing, by Estimation, about 8 or 900 Acres, but it shall be surveyed before the Day of sale, and the exact Quantity ascertained. There are 4 or 500 Acres of this Tract, fine rich low Grounds, on Meberin River , exceedingly well adapted for Indian Corn, Wheat, and Tobacco , as also for raising of Pork , there having been considerable Quantities sold from this Plantation for several Years past. It has Plenty of Timber upon it, with Land enough cleared to work ten or twelve Hands, and is convenient to Church and Mill. One Half of the Purchase Money to be paid next April , and a reasonable Credit will be allowed for the Remainder, on giving Bond with approved Security to SAMUEL S. MC-CROSKEY. N. B. At the same Time and Place will be sold the greatest Part of the Stock, Utensils, &c. belonging to the said Plantation.
RUN away from the Subscriber, in Caroline County, the 21st of May last, a likely Negro Fellow named SOLOMON,
about 20 Years of Age, and will be free at 31, but he pretends to be free now. I do not remember what Clothes he had on. One of his Eyelids is slit with a Blow, but I cannot tell which. He has a Wife at Mr. John Bickerton's in Hanover County , and has been seen at Richmond . His Father, a Negro Fellow called Kite , lives at Colonel Archibald Cary's in Chesterfield . Any Person that will bring me the said Fellow, or secure him so as I may get him, shall have 3l. Reward. BENJAMIN HUBBARD.
THE Members of the Fredericksburg JOCKEY CLUB will please to send in their Subscription Money, by the 10th of September. Those who have not Guineas will send me other Money, that I may have it changed, if possible. GEORGE WEEDON, Secretary.
HANOVER Town, August 23, 1774. WE have still on Hand a few of Mr. Milne's new invented Wire Machines for Boulting Flower, which are allowed, by those Gentlemen that have tried them, to be superior to any Boulting Cloths whatever, as they make better, and considerably more Flower, from the same Quantity of Wheat. Likewise a few of his Machines for cleaning Wheat, which will clean it better than either Dutch Rans or Rolling Screens, or both together. A particular Description of either or none of these, as they may be seen at Work at Mr. Archibald McCall's , on Rappahannock , and it is presumed no Gentleman will choose to purchase until they have seen some Experiment made with them. We have also for Sale a quantity of good West India Rum, Madeira and Tenerif Wine . JOHN & RICHARD BURNLEY. (1)
JUST PUBLISHED (PRICE 2s. 6d.)
CONSIDERATIONS ON THE PRESENT STATE OF VIRGINIA EXAMINED.
THE PURSE in Richmond Town will be run for the first Day of the Fair at that Place, which is on the second Thursday in November next, by any Horse, Mare, or Gelding, carrying Weight for Age according to the Rules of Racing. All Horses, &c. are to be entered with James Cunn , the Day before. (5)
AUGUST 20, 1774. MR. Joseph Herndon and Mr. James Lewis of Spotsylvania are empowered to transact all Kinds of Business for me relating to the Estate of Roger Dixon , deceased; and all Payments made to them, or to Mr. Oliver Newles , Attorney at Law, heretofore empowered, will be good, and allowed by me. The Remainder of the said Estate will be offered for Sale at the Fair in September , at Fredericksburg , consisting of Household and Kitchen Furniture, several vacant Lots, and a Tract of Land three Miles from the Town, called Chalky Level . Six Months Credit will be allowed, on proper Security. I shall likewise offer for Sale my Warehouses at Dixon's and Falmouth Inspections, also my Plantation above the Town of Falmouth ; for these twelve Months Credit will be allowed, on giving Bond with approved Security to (4) JOHN DIXON. N. B. The lower Plantation will be rented.
FREDERICKSBURG, August 9, 1774.
A PERSON of the Name of William Foster having procured a Recommendation to me, I lent him, the 19th of last Month, my SINGLE CHAIR and a MARE to visit Captain John Lee , on Rappahannock , to whom he said he was recommended, to return in four Days at the most; but not hearing of him since, except that he had mistaken his Way, and got to Richmond , on James River , and Colonel William Fleming's , in Cumberland County , I am obliged to take this Method of recommending him to all honest Men, as a profound Knave. Such a flagrant Act of Injustice, accompanied with such Ingratitude to me, will no Doubt engage every Gentleman to endeavour to strip him of the Price of his Villainy; but I will gladly pay FORTY SHILLINGS to have my Mare and Chair detained till I can send for them, or FIVE POUNDS to be delivered here. As the Knave is young, I had rather he should turn from his Wickedness and live! He is about twenty, of slim and genteel Make, and fair Complexion, rather pale and sould Skin, Black Hair, very long, and clubbed like a Muscovian . He is exceedingly vain, boasts much of his Learning, particularly of Geography, and professes teaching the Classics, Music, Dancing, and Fencing; he grins much when he laughs, which he often does at his own Wit. His Dress was shabby; I believe one only Coat, formerly a pale Blue, or Sea Green, the Cuffs of which have been lately let down, and the original Colour makes a remarkable Ring round his Arm. He passed on my Friend as from New England , and said he intended to visit Virginia , in his Way to Charlottesville, South Carolina , in Order to see the Country, expecting here some Supplies he had ordered from New England . I cannot recollect whether the Mare has any Brand or Flesh Marks; she is about fourteen Hands and a Hair high, Half blooded, well made, rather round, a Chestnut Bay, with a full long Bob Tail, and Hog Mane, very small Feet, and stood before, trots very nimibly, and remarkably quick. The Carriage of the Chair is new, the Springs and Axle Iron, the Body is painted Green, with the Initials of my Name on the Back, in a double Cipher, in blue Letters, in a gilt Ground; it has been new lined, and has now a Carpet Bottom, but I suspect he will quit the Chair for a Saddle. He borrowed a SILVER WATCH quite new, made by Thomas Walker of Fredericksburg ; who will, I presume, give something to recover it. (11) JAMES MERCER.
To be RENTED, A CONVENIENT STOREHOUSE in Newcastle, on the main Street. For Terms apply to WILLIAM JOHNSON.
To be RENTED to the highest Bidder, on Thursday the 8th of September, if fair, otherwise next fair Day, for a Year, or Term of Years, not exceeding seven, and to be entered on at Christmas,
TWO Thirds of a Plantation in York County , on Queen's Creek , containing between 4 and 500 Acres of Land, within three Miles and a Half of Williamsburg , and two from the Oyster Rocks in York River , which Situation, if the Person renting enters into that Way of Business, makes it very valuable. There is on the said Plantation a very good Dwelling House, and all necessary Outbuildings, in good Repair, and the Plantation under a good Fence. It will be rented with, or without, a sufficient Number of Negroes to work it. Likewise two Thirds of about 500 Acres of Land, within two Miles of Williamsburg , upon the main Road to York Town , whereon are two Plantations, to be rented as above. At the same Time and Place will be sold the Stocks of Cattle, Hogs, and Sheep. Twelve Months Credit will be allowed the Purchasers for all Sums above 25s. on giving Bond with approved Security to the Executors of Mr. Frederick Bryan , deceased.
To be SOLD,
A TRACT of LAND in Surry County , containing 450 Acres, known by the Name of Cabin Point , on which are a new Set of Brick Warehouses, which bring in about 70l. a Year, and a new Brick Merchant Mill completely fitted with two Water Wheels on a never-failing Stream, within 100 Feet of the Wharf. The Land is very good for Grain, and has about 40 Acres that may be made fine Meadow. This is one of the most improvable Estates in the Country. Half the Purchase Money to be paid in twelve Months, the other Half may lie for seven Years, on good Security being given, and punctual Payment of Interest. If the Land is not sold by Civil time , it will be rented out. (11) BENJAMIN HARRISON.
CHARLOTTE, August 1, 1774. I INTEND to leave the Colony in a short Time. ROBERT CUNINGHAM.
RUN away from the Subscriber, in Brunswick County, on Peplar Creek, WILLIAM FOGG , an intended Servant about 23 Years old, six Feet high, well made, has a clear Skin under his Clothes, but his Face and Hands are much tanned with the Sun. He carried away with him a blue Coat, red Waistcoat, one or two white Shirts, two Pair of Thread Stockings, a Pair of plated Buckles, two white Stocks, and two Osnaburgh Shirts and Trousers. He says he served his Time in London under a Blacksmith, which Trade he understands very well. There went away with him one MOSES WILLIS , who has been a Wagoner, about five Feet or nine Inches high, of a swarthy Complexion, wears his short black Hair, had on an old Virginia Cloth Waistcoat, a Check Shirt, Osnaburgh Breeches, an old Beaver Hat, and has one of his Feet very much hurt by a Wagon running over it. The said Moses Willis is a Freeman, and much used to travelling about the back Parts of this Country; I therefore suspect, by his Means, that the said William Fogg will make his Escape. They have been seen to cross Black's Ferry on Roanoke , and it is probable they will make for South Carolina . Whoever takes up the said William Fogg , and delivers him safe to me, at my House, shall have 3l. Reward; and if confined in any of the publick Jails, so that I receive him, 30s. Reward. (4) EDWARD TRAVIS.
STRAYED, or STOLEN, out of my Pasture, in the Night of the 11th of May last, a BRIGHT BAY HORSE with black Legs, some White in his Forehead and under his Foretop, his Brand (if any) forgot, has a Scar on the near Shoulder, and is something over the middle Size. Whoever will bring the said Horse, or give Intelligence so that he may be got again, to Captain James Cocke in Brandon , or to the Subscriber in Petersburg , shall receive 20s. Reward. (11) WILLIAM BRADLEY.

POETS CORNER.
ODE for his MAJESTY'S BIRTHDAY, June 4, 1774.
BEHOLD! what martial Bands are those, Whose Look speaks Terror to their Foes?
YORK Town, August 17, 1774.
ALL Persons indebted to the Subscriber, whose Accounts have been upwards of twelve Months standing, are desired to come and discharge them...
WILLIAMSBURG, August 18, 1774.
THE Subscriber having opened a Shop at the Back of the Raleigh Tavern, intends carrying on the SHOEMAKING Business in all its Branches...
I INTEND to leave the Colony immediately. THOMAS SHEARER.
FOR SALE.
THE noted and well accustomed TAVERN in James City County, about fifteen Miles from Williamsburg, on the main Road leading to New Kent Courthouse and Ruffin's Ferry...
To be SOLD, to the highest Bidder, at Amelia Court-house, on the 10th of January next,
TWENTY very likely SLAVES, to satisfy a Debt due to James and Robert Donald, & Co. Credit will be allowed till the 10th of October 1775.
NEW YORK, July 27, 1774.
FIFTY POUNDS REWARD,
WHEREAS, on the 19th of June last past, a certain JOSEPH THORP was entrusted with a considerable Sum in Half Johannes, of nine Pennyweight, to be delivered by him at Quebec...
A GENERAL MEETING of the Subscribers, for opening a Navigation through the Falls of James River, is desired at the House of Mr. James Gunn in the Town of Richmond, on Monday the 5th of September next.
AUGUST 7, 1774. ARCHIBALD CARY. RO. C. NICHOLAS. WILLIAM CABELL. JOHN BANISTER. RICHARD ADAMS. JOSEPH CABELL. JOHN WOODSON. JOHN TABB. WILLIAM FLEMING. JOHN MAYO. CARTER BRAXTON.
RUN away on the Night of the 9th Instant
(August) from the Subscriber, near Hanover Town, two indentured Servants, viz. WILLIAM MATTOX, a tall thin Man, about five Feet ten Inches high, wears his own short Hair which curls behind...
RUN away, on Sunday the 14th of this Instant
(August) from the Plantation of James Pride, Esq; two indentured ENGLISH SERVANTS, viz. EDWARD GRYMES, by Trade a Bricklayer, about 24 Years old, five Feet six or seven Inches high...
PETERSBURG, June 16, 1774.
STRAYED, or STOLEN, from the Subscriber, about the first Instant, a BRIGHT BAY HORSE above fourteen Hands high, from six to eight Years old, remarkably well set, paces, trots, and gallops, is short docked, his Mane and Tail remarkably black...
COMMITTED to Chesterfield Jail, a Negro
Man who says his Name is JOHN EMANUEL, he has passed for a Number of Years as a Freeman, and says he was brought into this Colony by a Spanish Vessel which was cast away on our Bay...
COMMITTED to the Jail of Henrico
County, a Negro Man who calls himself DONUS, and says he belongs to Mr. Churchill Anderson of King and Queen County. The Owner is desired to take him away, and pay Charges to the Jailer, living in Richmond.
TAKEN up, in Amelia, a BAY ROAN MARE four Feet two Inches high, and branded on the near Buttock D.
Posted, and appraised to 5l. THOMAS PAYNE.
To be RENTED annually, or for a Term of Years,
SWAN'S POINT FERRY and BOATS, with two good Dwelling-Houses, all necessary Outhouses, an exceeding fine Pasture, and Land sufficient to work four Hands, under a good Fence. For Terms apply to the Subscriber.
RUN away from the Subscriber, in Amelia
County, the 10th of July, a Mulatto Woman Slave named SALL, though commonly goes by the Name of Sally Grey; she is of a middle Size, well shaped, Virginia born, and about 25 Years old; had on, when she went away, a brown Linen Jacket and Petticoat...
DUMFRIES, July 28, 1774.
THE DUMFRIES JOCKEY CLUB
PURSE of 100 GUINEAS will be run for on Tuesday the 15th of November next, which is fixed on for the first Day of the Dumfries Races for this Year. No Person will be allowed to start a Horse, Mare, or Gelding, for this Purse, but an actual Member of the Club.
FOR SALE,
TWO THOUSAND Acres of LAND, lying on the River Shenando, in the County of Frederick, eight Miles above Abby's Gap. One Third of the Purchase Money to be paid on the Day of Sale, and an extensive Credit will be given for the Remainder.
ISLE of WIGHT, July 19, 1774.
To be SOLD, THE Sloop PROVIDENCE, Burthen about 45 Tuns, only nine Months old, very well built, neatly finished off, completely found, has large Accommodations, and sails remarkably fast.
Pursuant to a Decree of the Honourable General Court, and by Letter of Attorney from Colonel George Mercer of Virginia, now in London, will be sold at publick Auction,
ABOUT 3500 ACRES of LAND in the County of Loudoun, near West's Ordinary, about twelve Miles from Leesburg, forty from Alexandria, and thirty five from Dumfries, on Potomack.
For LIVERPOOL,
THE Ship GREENWOOD, Mackey Reed Master, loads at Norfolk, has two Thirds of her Cargo already engaged, can take in 200 Hhds. of Tobacco on Liberty of Consignment.
To be RENTED, from Year to Year, or for a Term of Years,
BELVOIR, the beautiful Seat of the Honourable George William Fairfax, Esq; lying upon Potomack River in Fairfax County, about fourteen Miles below Alexandria.
NORFOLK, April 21, 1774.
NOTICE is hereby given, that a Number of Vessels will be wanted this Summer to bring about 6000 Tuns of STONE from Mr. Brooke's Quarry on Rappahannock, and land the same on Cape Henry, for the Lighthouse.
NEABSCO FURNACE, April 1, 1774.
RUN away from the Neabsco Furnace, on the 16th of last Month, a light coloured Mulatto Man named BILLY or WILL, the Property of the Honourable John Tayloe, Esquire.
FOR SALE,
TRACT of LAND in Amelia County, containing 500 Acres, about four Miles below the Courthouse, it is remarkable fine Land for Grain, and will bring good Tobacco.
For SALE,
ABOUT twelve Thousand Acres of exceeding rich TOBACCO LAND, in Amelia County, whereon are several Plantations and Improvements sufficient to work forty or fifty Hands.
ALL Persons may be supplied with this PAPER at 12s. 6d. a Year, and have ADVERTISEMENTS (of a moderate Length) inserted in it for 3s. the first Week, and 2s. each Week after. All Sorts of PRINTING WORK done at this Office in the neatest Manner, with Care and Expedition,

The Substance of LORD LITTLETON's Reply to LORD CHATHAM's Speech on the QUEBEC BILL.
HIS Lordship began by observing, that whatever fell from that Noble Earl fell with such Weight as to make the deepest Impression on those who heard him; that from the solemn Opposition he had given to that Clause of the Bill, which excused the Canadians from the Oath of Supremacy, and imposed an Oath of Allegiance in the Room of it, he was induced to give his Reasons why he differed from Lord Chatham; that so far from thinking, with the Noble Lord last named, that no Man who was a Protestant in his Heart could give his Consent to the passing of that Clause, he affirmed that no true Protestant could refuse it his hearty Concurrence, because the doctrinal Principles of our holy Religion, drawn from that pure and excellent Source the Gospel of our Saviour, breathed forth a Spirit of Moderation, Candour, and universal Toleration to all Religions, that were not in compatible with the Precepts of Morality, and the general Welfare and Happiness of Mankind; that to oblige Catholicks to deny the Supremacy of the Pope was to compel them forcibly to abjure their Religion, and in Reality to commence a Persecution against them; that Opposition always grew and strengthened under the Scythe of Persecution, and that Fanaticism was never formidable till it was oppressed. He said that the Canadians had, ever since the Conquest of that Country, behaved like good and peaceable Subjects; that therefore they were justly entitled to a beneficial Code of civil Policy, and to a free Exercise of their Religion. That though he had the greatest Reverence for the Protestant Faith, yet he had no less Respect for the Safety and good Government of the State; that to force the Inhabitants of Canada to renounce those Errors, which they had imbibed with their Mother's Milk, was to alter, by Violence, the Constitution of their Mind, and by so doing to lay a Foundation for Resistance; which, if it did not proceed to Rebellion, would at least tend to alienate their Minds from that Allegiance which they had but just adopted, and which, under the mild Government we exercised over them, would, he hoped, be daily strengthened, and matured by Time. That it was Matter of Triumph to this great and free Country to treat the conquered Subjects of France with more Lenity, and to give them a better Form of Government than that which they had received from their Mother Country; that so far was he from believing that Administration had pre-determined in the Closet the Result of the Proceedings of Parliament, and that, as the noble Earl expressed himself, "what must be, must be," that, on the contrary, in every Stage of the Bill they had showed the greatest Candour and Desire of Information, and in the House of Commons had actually adopted many Ideas that had been thrown out by Opposition, especially in Regard to a very important Part of the Bill, the Definition of the Limits of Canada. He said he approved of the Bill chiefly from its Lenity and Moderation, and that he deemed it sound Policy for a conquering Nation to lay the Yoke less heavily over the Necks of those who were subjected to its Dominion. That as the Noble Earl had observed how much Canada was inclined towards France, he thought nothing was more likely to win them over to England than to improve and meliorate their commercial as well as political Situation; and, above all, to give them Liberty of Conscience in religious Matters.
His Lordship then observed the dark Times of Superstition were past; that the gloomy Reign of Persecution and Priestcraft were now at an End; that Science, every Where diffused, had every Where enlightened the human Mind. He took Notice, that the Noble Earl had said, if the Bill passed, you might take down the Bells from your Steeples, and the Steeples from your Churches; but that, if even that was to happen, the Evil would not be great, for that Christian Men might meet in the Faith of Christ and in Christian Charity without these Things, which to the Pure of Heart, and to the truly Devout, were of little Importance; that they were the Externals of Religion, the Internals of which were Charity and universal Benevolence; and that these Principles gave Birth to the Clause which the Noble Earl had so uncharitably censured.
After Lord Littleton had thus answered Lord Chatham's Objections to the religious Tendency of the Bill, he proceeded to show why he approved of the general Policy of it. He said he would not pretend to be sufficiently versed in the deep Science of Politicks to affirm whether or no a better System of Legislation might not have been invented, but that he insisted upon the Code contained in the Bill to be conformable to the Genius of the Country over which it is to be exercised; that it was consistent with the political Notions of the Inhabitants, and the Form of Government to which they had been accustomed; that Forms of Government must always be suited to the Dispositions of the Governed, and infinitely varied in different Climates; that the mild Constitution of this Country would be rejected with Contempt by the Sons of Despotism in Asia, and the Excess of Liberty happily spread over England would degenerate to an Excess of Licentiousness in Canada. As to the Idea of the Noble Earl, that this political Separation of Canada from the rest of America might be a Means of dividing their Interests, and that French Canada would in a future Day be used as a proper Instrument to quell British America, Lord Littleton said, he was not apprehensive of these Consequences; but that if British America was determined to resist the lawful Power and Pre-eminence of Great Britain, he saw no Reason why the loyal Inhabitants of Canada should not co-operate with the rest of the Empire in subduing them, and bringing them to a right Sense of their Duty; and he thought it happy, that, from their local Situation, they might be some Check to those fierce fanatick Spirits, that, inflamed with the same Zeal which animated the Roundheads in England, directed that Zeal to the same Purposes, to the Demolition of regal Authority, and to the Subversion of all Power which they did not themselves possess.
selves possess. That they were composed of the same Leaven, and whilst they pretended to be contending for Liberty, they were setting up an absolute independent Republick; and that the Struggle was not for Freedom, but for Power, which was proved from the whole Tenour of their Conduct, even to Demonstration.
L O N D O N, June 18.
THE Parliament will not be dissolved, as has been generally reported, but will meet again about the Middle of November, for the Despatch of Business.
The Emperour of Germany acts with more Policy towards the Poles than the King of Prussia. While the latter is daily extending his Power over the unresisting Poles, adding more and more Acres to his late Acquisition, and laying heavy Burthens on the Inhabitants, the Emperour has invited to Vienna all the Chiefs of the Country ceded to him, on whom he is heaping Favours, and is providing for them, or their Relations, either by Appointment in his Army, or the Civil Department, as they are fitted to succeed in the one or the other,
Orders are sent to Woolwich for two Companies of the Matrosses to hold themselves in Readiness to embark for North America.
They are now extremely busy at the Victualling Office in preparing a large Quantity of Provisions to be shipped off at the Tower, for the Use of the Men of War now fitting out at Portsmouth.
Letters from Rochford advise, that they had received an Account of the Loss of the Cleone Ship of War, which sailed from that Port for Port au Prince; she had on Board several Families, &c. and it is said near 400 Souls perished.
They write from Paris, that one Peter Lewis Naliere lately died at that Place, aged 104 Years. He had buried eleven Wives, and about five Years since carried a young Girl of 18 to the Curate of his Parish, and desired to be married; but the old Man's Relations opposing it, the Marriage did not take Place.
It is generally thought that the Bill for the Relief of insolvent Debtors, and Bankrupts in certain Cases, will set at Liberty 3400 Persons.
Some Despatches of Importance, it is said, arrived yesterday from North America.
The following is the Substance of the Bill for the Relief of Insolvent Debtors. This Bill, after the usual Preamble, sets forth, that a List of the Prisoners shall be delivered in to the Justices of the Quarter Sessions. The respective Jailers are to swear, as in former Cases, that the Prisoners were in actual Custody, on a Day to be hereafter specified; and Persons in actual Custody, on or before that Period, are to be discharged, together with those who may be in actual Custody at the Time of passing the Act. Notice of the Prisoner's Intention to take the Benefit of this Act to be inserted, as usual, in the Gazette. The Oath of the Prisoner, on Discharge, is verbatim the same as in the other Acts. The Prisoner's Estate and Effects are to be vested in the Hands of Assignees, for the Benefit of the Creditors. In Prisons where Deputies act for the Jailers, the Deputies are to take the same Oaths as the Jailers. Fugitives, taking the Benefit of this Act, are in all Things to subscribe to the Forms laid down in preceding Acts of Insolvency. Prisoners charged with Debts contracted subsequent to the Period from which this Act is to take Place are to be discharged from the Debts contracted previous to that Period, but to be remanded to Prison on Account of all Debts they may be charged with subsequent to the Time to be hereafter specified. Uncertified Bankrupts to be excluded from the Benefit of this Act, as well as Attorneys and Solicitors charged with the Embezzlement of their Clients' Money. The future Effects of Prisoners are rendered liable to the Payment of their Debts. A Discharge of one Partner concerned with others in Trade, by this Act, shall not release the other Partners. Prisoners in Custody for their Fees, Rents, or any other Demands due to the Jailer, are to be discharged, taking the Oaths prescribed. Crown Debtors are excepted by this Act, and Persons owing more than a certain Sum to one Person are excluded, as in former Acts of Insolvency; but to such Debtors a weekly Allowance is to be made, and in Case of Failure they are dischargeable. Prisoners once opposed in applying for their Discharge are not to harrafs their Creditors by reiterated Summonses, to attend at different Times different Quarter Sessions. The Objection since deemed valid by the Justices is to operate only until the Prisoner has got rid of such Objection, which is to be made appear by the Oaths of credible Witnesses. Debtors imprisoned on Processes from the Court of Conscience are entitled to the Benefit of this Act, but no Persons who took the Benefit of the last Insolvent Act are to receive any Benefit from this Act.
The King of Denmark, in Order to encourage the Art of Printing within his Dominions, is about to take off the Duty on Paper imported, and greatly augment those on Books brought from foreign Countries.
A very important Treaty has been just concluded between our Court and the Dutch, for the mutual Preservation of their respective Settlements in Bengal.
It is asserted, by good Authority, that out of all the Sums raised in America in the Year 1772, when the Expenses were deducted, which the Natives would have discharged themselves, the neat Revenue paid into the Treasury, to go in Aid of the Sinking Fund, or to be employed in whatever publick Services Parliament shall think fit, was only 851. which was the whole Equivalent we received for all the Hatred and Mischief, and the infinite Losses this Kingdom suffered, during that Year, in her Disputes with North America.
The Americans received a Copy of the Boston Port Bill on the 15th of May, by Captain Cooper, who sailed from the Downs on the 10th of April. The first Step was, printing it at Boston and New York, upon Mourning Paper, with a black Border, and crying it about the Streets, under the Name of "a barbarous, cruel, bloody, and inhuman Murt-

der." In the first Transports of Rage, they denounced Vengeance with great Warmth; but the cooler and wiser People checked this Impetuosity of Temper, and would suffer no Resolution to be taken, either at Boston or New York, till they heard farther from England, because their Letters informed that other Bills (which have since passed) were in Contemplation, and Couriers were despatched to all the Provinces with this Intelligence.
The King of France, we are told, is bent on establishing Economy in his Kitchen, and it is asserted that sixty Cooks are to be turned off immediately. If this should be catching, and the Noblesse in France turn off a proportionable Number, we shall probably have as many French Cooks as French Friseurs in England.
Advices are said to have been received from America, that the Provinces of New York and Connecticut had joined with the Province of Massachusetts Bay in a Non-importation of Goods from Great Britain, on hearing of the Bill being brought in for quartering Soldiers in America.
The breeding of Silk Worms in the Island of Minorca is carrying on with great Spirit, and it is expected will soon be brought to Perfection, as the Inhabitants have entered considerably into that Branch.
Within these few Days past several Ships have arrived from abroad, and have brought 7000 Quarters of Wheat, but very little of it has been yet brought to Market.
The Postscript of a Letter from a Gentleman in Norfolk says: "We are likely to have, on all Accounts, the most plentiful Year that has been known since the Year 1734, as we have had two of the finest Seed Times that we remember."
June 22. Saturday next will be launched from Mess. Randall and Co's. Yard at Greenland Dock, Deptford, his Majesty's Ship the Vengeance, a third Rate, of 74 Guns. This is the last of the third Rates building by Contract; as there only remains to finish one 50 Gun Ship, building at Mess. Dudman and Co's, which, when launched, will complete all the Men of War building in private Yards.
A few Days ago a Journeyman Scowerer, in Salisbury Court, Fleet Street, found in the Waistcoat Pocket of a Gentleman from whom he had it to clean, a Bank Note of 300 l. with which he immediately waited on the Gentleman, who returned him many Thanks.
Yesterday a Child about a Year old, belonging to Mrs. Young in the Land of Promise, Hoxton, was left alone in the Cradle, and when the Mother returned she found the Child dead, with her Arm gnawed to the Bone by a Rat.
Extract of a Letter from Plymouth, June 21.
"Sunday Night last Orders came down here for the Dublin, Raisonable, Kent, and Albion Guardships, to get ready for Sea, and repair as soon as possible to the Sound. A Draught is made from the other Ships of 100 Men each, to equip the above. It is only for a Cruise in the Bay to exercise the Men, and keep the Vessels in Repair, by observing what Defects they may have when at Sea; it makes, however, a little Hurry at this Port."
SALISBURY, June 13. On the 2d Instant the Coroner sat on the Body of Alice Clapham, of Eastcourt, near Malmesbury, who had hanged herself on the Tuesday before, and the Jury brought in their Verdict Lunacy. It seems the old Woman had amassed together 15 Guineas by hawking wooden Spoons, Cabbage Nets, and such small Merchandise, about the Country; and upon weighing her Money, she found a Deficiency of about 10s. upon which she hanged herself.
GLOUCESTER, June 20. On Wednesday several Gentlemen attended Major Hartley at an Exhibition of his Brother's very useful Invention for preserving Houses from Fire, by Means of thin Iron Plates under the Boards of the Floors, and under the Joists of the Ceilings. The Experiment was made near the Round Tower, in the Park of the Earl Bathurst, before that venerable Peer, who has been an Encourager of useful Improvements, Mr. Master, Mr. Whorwood, Mr. Bush, and many other respectable Gentlemen; who expressed their Admiration at the Success of this Discovery; which promises to secure us from one of the most dreadful Calamities that can beset Mankind.
The fine Rains that have fallen lately have given such Assistance to the Crops of Grains and Corn, that it is universally allowed we never had a better Prospect of Plenty; however, those who have Corn in Hand keep up the Price.
NEWCASTLE, June 4. Last Week was killed in this Town a five Year old Ox, belonging to Mr. Hind, of Stelling, which weighed 123 Stone. By the best Judges of Cattle, he was allowed to be the handsomest Ox of his Size that ever was killed in this Part.
Last Week was killed at Staindrop, by Mr. Joseph Colesworth, Butcher, in that Place, a remarkable large Ewe (two Years old) which weighed two Stone and twelve Pounds per Quarter. She was bred by Mr. Dinsdale, of Newsham, and fed by the Reverend Mr. Gorst, of Staindrop. What is most remarkable, this Ewe was fattened by the above Gentleman barely upon Grass, without the extraordinary Aid of Corn, Turnips, or any other Assistance whatever; and it may be justly said, without Doubt, that he has eclipsed the most studious Efforts of the most renowned Grassers.
B O S T O N, August 1.
LAST Tuesday Morning came to Town from Marblehead twelve Cart Loads of good Salt Fish, also a Quantity of Oil, being the generous Donation of our sympathising Brethren of that Place. The above Provisions having been judged by the Revenue Officers not to be "Vitalis [the Word in the Port Bill] for the necessary Use and Sustenance of the Inhabitants of the Town of Boston," it was therefore not permitted to be brought into this Port, "Coast-wise." The Benefaction of Rice from South Carolina has, since its Arrival, remained there in the same Predicament; but we hear that it is now allowed to be an Article of Food, and not solely of Merchandise, and may be brought in by Water, also that Permission is given for launching the Vessels that are on the Stocks here, which Liberty, for some Time past, has been refused.
It is said that more Men of War, and Troops, are soon expected from England.
Since our last arrived here from the Southward General LEE, a Gentleman who has sustained several important military Trusts, and is a great Friend to American Liberty.
His Excellency the Commander in Chief has been pleased to promote the Right Honourable Earl Piercy, and Colonel Pigott, to the Rank of Brigadier Generals.
On Saturday arrived here three Transports from Halifax, having on Board a Company of Artillery, and the 59th Regiment, under the Command of Lieutenant Colonel Otho Hamilton.
Yesterday arrived in this Harbour the Transports from New York, having on Board his Majesty's Royal Regiment of Welch Fusileers, under the Command of Colonel Barnard. They are to land to-morrow, and encamp on Fort Hill.
Saturday last arrived here, in 8 Weeks from England, his Majesty's Ship Scarborough, with Despatches for his Excellency the Governor, among which are authentick Copies of the two last Acts of Parliament relative to this Government. It is said she has brought over about 10,000 l. Sterling, for the Use of his Majesty's Troops here.
The Members of the GRAND AMERICAN CONGRESS, from this Province, are to set out for the City of Philadelphia to-morrow. There is great Reason to hope that the united Wisdom of this Continent, in that august Assembly, will suggest a Plan for settling the present unhappy Disputes between two Parts of a great Empire, to the Honour and Satisfaction of both. Should it fail in this, it is probable that the natural Enemies of the English Nation, while Americans are exercising their martial Genius in Defence of their most important Rights, will improve the Opportunity of sinking Great Britain into the Pit of Slavery which itself has digged for the Colonies.
Advertisements.
COMMITTED to the Jail of King & Queen
County, the 23d of August, a likely Negro Man named LEWIS PATTERSON, who says he belongs to Mr. John Jones of South Carolina; he is of a yellowish Complexion, speaks broken English and French, says he can read and write, is about five Feet six or seven Inches high, full flat Face, and has a Scar on his Nose. He says he has been run away twelve Years, and passed for a Freeman. The Owner is desired to take him away, and pay Charges.
(1||) CHRISTOPHER HARWOOD, Jailer.
TAKEN up, in Charlotte, a BLACK HORSE about ten Years old, four Feet five Inches high, with a Switch Tail, a Star in his Forehead, some Saddle Spots near his Withers, had on a Bell, has but one Eye, and branded on the near Buttock H. Posted, and appraised to 5 l. THOMAS ROGERS.
TAKEN up, between Williamsburg and the College Landing, a very small BLACK MARE, appears to be old, and branded on the near Buttock T. Posted, and appraised to 40 s.
(||) RALPH CRUTCHFIELD.
TAKEN up, in Prince George, a well set WHITE HORSE, about twelve Years old, four Feet six Inches and a Half high, somewhat Flea-bitten, hanging Mane and Switch Tail, not branded, but has some Scars on his off Buttock which appear to be the Bite of a Horse, and paces middling well. Posted, and appraised to 3 l.
THOMAS WILD.
TAKEN up, in Bedford, a BAY HORSE about three Years old, thirteen Hands one Inch high, with a small Star and Snip, Part of his near hind Foot white, dockt, and branded on the off Shoulder p. Posted, and appraised to 5 l. ROBERT EWING, Junior.
AMELIA, July 1, 1774.
IN the beginning of April last, two Men
came to my Shop in this County, with a broke down Waggon, in Order to have it repaired, and in it a Team of five Horses. One of the Men, who called himself the Waggoner, said he had Business at Petersburg, and would return by the Time the Waggon could be ready. The other said he came from England about four Years ago, was then on his Way back, and called himself Thomas Ferney. Each of them took a Horse and went off, and I have never heard of them since. The other three Horses, Harness, Waggon, Waggon Osnabrug Cover, and ten Bags marked I, are at my Plantation. One of the Horses is a BLACK, has a Star in his Forehead, some Saddle Spots, about four Feet nine or ten Inches high, paces slow, dockt, and branded on the near Buttock I; another is a SORREL, has a white Mane and Tail, shod before, dockt, and branded on the near Shoulder A; the third is a DARK BAY, his hind Feet white, shod before, is very lame, occasioned, as is supposed, by his Shoulder being out of Joint; four Feet eight Inches high, but has no Brand perceivable. They are all poor, appear to be old, and the Hair much rubbed off by the Traces. The Waggoner wore an old Coat and Jacket of Dove coloured Duroy, Buckskin Breeches, Felt Hat, Dowlas Shirt, and a Pair of very bad Shoes; has short dark brown Hair, a small round full Face, about five Feet eight Inches high, and appears to be about 22 Years of Age. Ferney has light tied Hair, a thin Visage, fair Complexion, and a little marked with the Smallpox; wore an old Surtout Coat, fine Shirt, and Hat, wrote a Variety of Hands, and exceeding well, said he had been a Schoolmaster in Virginia and Carolina, and is about twenty Years of Age. It is supposed the Owner of the Horses, Waggon, &c. lives in Pennsylvania, from whence the Waggoner said he brought Wheat; but his Waggon giving Way, obliged him to sell some, and lodge the rest on the Road. The Owner may have the Things in my Possession on proving his Property, and paying Charges.
(||) ROBERT COUSINS.