The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1805-08-09 00:00:00

The Enquirer.
PUBLISHED BY THOMAS RITCHIE, OPPOSITE THE POST-OFFICE—AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM—(PAYABLE IN ADVANCE.)
NUMBER 27.]
RICHMOND, FRIDAY MORNING, AUGUST 7, 180, 1805.
[VOLUME 2.]
1500 DOLLARS REWARD.
HIGHWAY ROBBERY.
YESTERDAY about 11 o'clock in the forenoon Mr. John Peter, an Officer of the Bank of COLUMBIA, was stopped on Horseback on the Road between this Town and Alexandria, and within about 2 miles of the latter place, by some unknown villain, shot through the Body with a Pistol, and robbed of a Sum of Money in his possession belonging to the Institution, which he was taking to Alexandria, for the purpose of exchanging with the Bank there.
The whole sum taken amounted to Eighteen Thousand One Hundred and Fourteen Dollars and Sixty Five Cents, made up in several packages, among which were
1 Post note of the Bank of Virginia for 800 dolls. 1 ditto of the Bank of Alexandria for 500 1 ditto of the same for 500 1 ditto of the same for 450 1 ditto of the Bank of Potomac 149 65 cts.
A check of the Union Bank, on the Bank of Alexandria, drawn by R. Higginbotham, Cashr. in favor of Greenham and Devereux, by them endorsed and by Benjamin Stoodard and C. Smith, Teller.
There were also a parcel of post notes of the Bank of Alexandria for 100 dolls. and for 50 dolls. each. The remainder was in current notes, principally of the banks of Alexandria and Potomac, and some few of the bank of Virginia of different sizes and denominations.
As the ATTACK was SUDDEN, and the wound received of a nature to deprive Mr. Peter instantly of his senses, (albeit it is now hoped he will recover) the description obtained may not be very accurate—As far as we are informed—the man who perpetrated the act, is of middle stature, good countenance, and had a genteel appearance. He had on a dark Blue or Black coat, a black waistcoat, and a black hat, he was on FOOT and ALONE at the time, but may have had accomplices concealed, and will probably change his clothes.
Five Hundred Dollars will be given to any person or persons, who will detect and bring to conviction the ROBBER: and One Thousand dollars additional for the recovery of the whole of the money, or in proportion for any smaller sum recovered—should there be accomplices, and one of them make a discovery, so that it leads to the conviction of the Robber—or to the recovery of the money he shall rec. the above reward—and interest will be made to obtain it is PARDON.
WILLIAM WHANN, Cashier of the Bank of Columbia. George-Town, July 31, 1805.—(3t.)
By Virtue of a deed of Trust, executed to the undersigned by John Williamson, Jr. of the County of Henrico, to secure the payment of sundry debts therein acknowledged to be due to satisfy sundry executrices, for which Capt. John Williamson stands bound, as his security, together with the expense necessary to carry the trust into execution; WILL BE SOLD, to the highest bidder, for ready money, on the premises, on Thursday the 17th of August next, one Hundred Acres of LAND, being a part of the tract where in the said Williamson now lives, and adjoining the land of Samuel Browning, about one mile above William Young's mill, and between five and six miles from Richmond.
ELISHA PRICE. August 6. 3t.
FOR SALE,
THE PLANTATION wherein Major Thomas Call's now resides, and formerly the residence of Mr. David Anderson. This land is in the upper part of Hanover county, and near the South line. The tract contains about four hundred ACRES, is remarkably healthy and well adapted to the culture of Corn, Wheat, and Tobacco. It is 33 miles from Richmond, and 30 from Hanover town.
If this plantation is not sold by private contract before the 10th of September next, it will on that day be sold at public auction on the premises. One half of the money will be expected in hand, the balance to be paid on the 10th day of August 1806.
For terms apply to Meriwether Jones, Esq. or to the Subscribers living in this place.
WILLIAM CALLIS. Esq. August 6.
A PLEASANT RETREAT FROM TOWN
THE Subscribers, living within two miles of Richmond, at a very healthy and pleasant situation, immediately on the stage road leading to Williamsburg, takes this method of informing his friends and the public, that he has opened a HOUSE OF ENTERTAINMENT, for the accommodation of travellers and others, who may favour him with their company.
The ladies and gentlemen of Richmond are respectfully informed, that those who may occasionally be desirous of spending some time in the country, may always be well accommodated.
He promises that every exertion shall be made on his part, to give general satisfaction; and hopes, from attention, to gain the patronage of the public.
SAMUEL HILL. August 6.—(ep 3t.)
BURR MILL STONES, of all sizes; and
PLASTER OF PARIS, of an excellent quality, FOR SALE, AS USUAL, BY
WILLIAM DAVIDSON, near the Market. Dec. 4. [epf.]
MILITARY CERTIFICATES.
FOR SALE, Certificates of this State, bearing interest of 6 per cent. and receivable at the Treasury, for all arrears of taxes, prior to the year 1798. WILLIAM PRICE, Cashr. Genl. M. A. S. May 10. tf.
NOTICE.
ON the 23rd day of May last the co-partnership of WM. M. ALLEN & JAMES CODY, under the firm of ALLEN & CODY, of Ca Ira, was dissolved by mutual consent.—All persons indebted to Allen & Cody are desired to come forward and close their accounts by bond or otherwise—and all persons having demands against them, are requested to make them known, that they may be adjusted for payment. Either of the partners at Ca Ira are authorized to settle accounts or to make and receive payments.
WILLIAM M. ALLEN, JAMES CODY. Cumberland, July 9. (cp3t.)
GEORGE WILY,
BROKER & COMMIS ION MERCHANT,
Near the Basin.
BOYS and all kinds of Produce—Also, Lands & Lots, in or out of Bank Stock, &c. He has for Sale, LOTS No. 141, 9, 2, 3, and 44, which make up a large figure in Du Val's Addition.—There is a good Spring attached to them. These lots are well situated on the attention of any gentleman wishing to build a summer retreat for his family. July 31.—tf.
BROKER'S OFFICE.
THE Subscribers has opened a Broker's Office, opposite the Union Tavern, and over the Court-house of Thomas and Amos Ladd. All business confided to him, will be transacted with great fidelity.
THOMAS NORVELL.
HE HAS FOR SALE,
VIRGINIA BANK STOCK, on a credit to four purchasers. July 30. tf.
LAND FOR SALE.
WILL be offered for sale on the premises, on the 15th day of August next, that well known place called Prides-Ville, (formerly Stings town) containing about four hundred and forty acres with uncommonly good improvements, viz: an excellent dwelling house, a large and commodious tavern, besides an elegant two story house, intended for a nation's hall, (there being a lodge now held here) and every necessary out house, stables, lumber houses, &c. Also, a spacious Cow-House, all now in tolerable good repair. The quality of the Land is very good, particularly for wheat, and the stand as a tavern is profitable. Possession will be immediately given, so that the purchaser can avail himself of the advantage of sowing wheat. The terms are, one half of the purchase money payable at Christmas next, the other half of the purchase money payable Christmas twelve months, the purchaser giving bond with security to carry interest from the date if not punctually paid.
ALSO, for cash, ten or twelve NEGROES, consisting of men, women, boys and girls, all uncommonly likely and Virginia born.
ALSO, HOUSEHOLD AND KITCHEN FURNITURE of all kinds, viz: a set of eight good beds, and furniture, a complete set of dining tables, an elegant mahogany desk and book case, chest of drawers, chairs, &c. besides a great number of articles too tedious to enumerate, a credit for the latter, for all sums above five dollars, will be given until Christmas next, the purchasers giving bond with good security to carry interest from the date if not punctually paid.
JAMES TOWNES, Jr. Amelia, Prides-ville, August 2. ep 4t.
Pleadings of Council,
ON THE IMPEACHMENT OF JUDGE CHASE.
SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 23.
MR. MARTIN, in continuation.
If, Sir, Judges are to be censured for possessing legal talents, for being correctly acquainted with the law in criminal cases, and for not suffering themselves to be insulted, and the public time wasted, by being obliged to hear arguments of counsel upon questions which have been repeatedly decided, and on which they have no doubt: I pray you let not our courts of justice be disgraced, nor gentlemen of legal talents and abilities be degraded by placing them on the bench under such humiliating circumstances? But let us go to the corn fields, to the tobacco plantations, and there take our judges from the plough, and the hoe. We shall there find men enough possessed of what seems to be thought the first requisite of a judge, a total ignorance of the law! That degradation which no gentleman of merit and abilities could endure, they will not feel.
In reply to my observation made by my very respectable colleague who opened our defence, and which I have endeavoured to enforce "that, if the opinion given by the court was correct, Fries could receive no injury thereby, though Messrs. Lewis and Dallas had not been suffered to argue against that opinion, because the opinion ought, notwithstanding, to have been the same, one of the honorable managers hath said, that had Judge Chase sentenced Fries to death without the verdict of a jury: had he decided the fact as well as the law! and he says he might have done the one with as much propriety as the other, it might have been urged in the same manner in defence of the judge, "that it was of no consequence to Fries, for the fact being clearly against him, had he been tried by a jury, the jury must have found him guilty, and then the judge must have done what he did, sentence him to death."
This argument is totally fallacious. By the constitution and laws of the United States, the criminal has a right to demand that the facts shall be decided by a jury. This the court cannot refuse if the criminal requires it. Was a judge to refuse the criminal the trial of the fact by a jury, he would violate a well known legal and constitutional right of the criminal. But as the criminal has a right that the jury should determine questions of fact, so do the principles of jurisprudence equally declare it to be the right of the court to decide questions of law; and the constitution in no part, contravenes this right; if no where says that the judges must be ignorant of the law, and take their impressions from the counsel of the criminal, or that it is the right of counsel to be heard where the court has no doubt of the law, or to argue to the jury that the law is contrary to the direction of the court, or that the jury should have a right to decide the law contrary to such direction. Hence, therefore, there is this great distinction between the two cases; in the first the court only exercise their own rights, infringing no right of the criminal; while in the last, the court would act in direct violation of his well known legal and constitutional rights. But though the criminal has the constitutional right to have all facts decided by a jury, he may waive this right, in which case the court may pass sentence without the intervention of a jury, as where the criminal demurs to the indictment, and rests upon his demurrer, or where he pleads guilty, in which cases, the court, without the intervention of a jury, proceeds to pass sentence according to law, and the nature of the offence.
In the opening of our defence, it has also been urged, that if there was any impropriety in the conduct of the court, respecting the trial of Fries, on the first day, it was amply compensated by the conduct of the court on the second day, in having called in the written opinions, and the copies which had been taken, & given the counsel liberty to proceed in such manner as they should think proper.
In answer to this the honorable managers have replied, that it was then too late. The mischief, that had been done the first day, was irretrievable; the law, that day committed, was inescapable; Nay, one of the managers has told us, that the excuse is as absurd, as would be the excuse of a person, who, having thrown a firebrand into combustibles, and set the whole neighborhood in a blaze, should attempt to excuse himself by saying "he had again got into
his possession, and extinguished the brand, with which he had kindled the fire, although the conflagration was still extending, and consuming every thing before it;"—a most happy simile.
But let us examine wherein the mischief was so irretrievable—the fin so inescapable? neither more nor less, than in this, that as the written opinions only contained the impressions on the minds of the judges, the destruction of that written opinion would not prevent the same impressions remaining on their minds; and those impressions would be as difficult to remove, after the opinions were called in, as before. It is all very true; but how came the judges to have on their minds those impressions? Not from having committed them to paper, but from their correct knowledge of the law. And how were those impressions to be removed? Certainly by no means, unless that correct knowledge of the law could also be removed. To accomplish which, I know of no means that could be used, unless the judges could have been furnished with a quantity of our India rubber , or with a few barrels of the waters of Lethes , with the one to rub out and efface from their minds all their legal knowledge, or by copious drafts of the other, to wash it away. But, Sir, I have not made, nor shall I make any use of the proceedings of the second day as an excuse for any impropriety of the court on the first; I only consider them as incontestible proofs, that the court had no other object in view, on either of those days, than conscientiously to discharge their duty, by giving Fries a fair and impartial trial, that if he was guilty he might be punished—if innocent, acquitted. I deny that the court was guilty on the first day, of any impropriety; I take higher ground, and have contended, and do contend, that the conduct of the court on the first day, was correct and proper, and during the whole trial I find nothing improper in their conduct, except their almost humiliating soliciting the counsel of Fries to do their duty, instead of committing them to go for the impropriety of their conduct, which the court ought to have done; but even in this the court has afforded the strongest proof of their solicitude that Fries should have every legal & constitutional benefit of counsel at his trial.
Reflect, also, that at the time when Mr. Lewis was thus contemptuously dashed from his pure band the contaminating opinion , he had not read a single word, nor received the least intimation of its contents, nor did he know its contents until long after; & yet he instantly formed the determination not to appear for Fries, and to advise their client not to accept the assignment of any other counsel, should the court offer it. Whence this conduct? How did he know the opinion was not favourable to his client? His conscience told him it was not. His own great legal knowledge confirming to him the truth. He well knew the law; he was acquainted with the correct decisions which had been before given. He well knew the great legal knowledge of the judge, who on this occasion presided: he was certain my honorable client could not but concur with his brethren. He acknowledged they had no hope to change the opinion of the court, and that they had not the vanity to suppose that the jury would, under their influence, decide the law contrary to what the court should direct; therefore that they had no hopes of the acquittal of their client by the jury on the trial, whatever services they were permitted to render him; and therefore, as the only chance, which they had to save his forfeit life, they assumed that line of conduct, which has been disclosed in the evidence. When Mr. Lewis, in giving his testimony, mentioned, "Judge Peters asked us on the next day whether if the court had got into a scrape the first day, the counsel would not let the court get out of it." "No," said Mr. Lewis, we were determined not to let them get out of it, as the only means to save our client's life," and in the conclusion of his testimony, he repeated that they were situated in their conduct, from considering it the only chance they had to save the life of their client, and not from any other motive. And Mr. Dallas also observed in his testimony, that when the court, on the second day pressed them to continue their services as counsel of Fries they refused, determined not to depart from the policy they had adopted, and to withdraw, as the most probable means of benefiting their client.
I shall conclude what relates to this article by observing, that the conduct of Fries's counsel to the court, on that trial, was such as nothing can excuse. It can only be palliated by the reflection that for his crimes he was liable to suffer death. Feelings of humanity and compassion, independent of interest, might excite in their bosoms an earnest anxiety to save his life: this may serve to mitigate censure; but even those feelings, however amiable, ought not to be gratified at the expense of national justice, nor by an endeavour to stamp upon judges of upright and integrity the dishonorable charge of partiality and oppression. I fear, Sir, I have been tedious on this article; but it will be considered that, whatever may be my own sentiments of the futility of any part of these charges, I cannot determine how far this honorable court may correspond with me in sentiment. Nor can I do otherwise than treat, as of consequence, any charge brought forward by the honorable house of representatives, or not consider it as being of importance.
I will now Mr. President, proceed to those articles which arise out of the trial in Virginia; and I find it stated in the beginning of the several article, that my honorable client went there prompted by the same shameful spirit of persecution and injustice; the truth of which I am ready to acknowledge, after having satisfactorily proved that at Philadelphia he had not been shown in any matter whatever a spirit of persecution and injustice, but had acted with uprightness and integrity; and that his greatest fault on that occasion was, that he did not commit the counsel of Fries to the public jail for their insolent, their arrogant, their contemptuous behavior to the court; and I flatter myself that I shall be able to show that my hon. client acted with the same uprightness and integrity in the case of Callender as I have shown he acted in the case of Fries.
The second article goes on to charge Judge Chase with overruling—objection of John Basset, who wished to be excused from serving on the Jury in the trial of Callender, and causing him to be sworn, and to serve on the said jury, by whose verdict Callender was convicted. This article requires a discussion of the law relating to challenges of jurors, and whether Mr. Basset was legally sworn on that jury. And here again as well as in the cases of Fries, I meet
with the most perfect novelties, for except in those trials I never heard of jurors, when called to be sworn, examined on oath whether they had formed;—or formed or delivered an opinion on the subject about to be tried. And here also let me observe that there is no just grounds for the charge that Judge Chase from partiality administered the oath differently in Callender's case from the manner in which he administered it to the jurors in the case of Fries, for Mr. Rawle, referring to his notes taken at the time, hath told us that in the case of Fries, one or two of the first jurors were only asked whether they had formed an opinion; after which the question was put, whether he had formed or delivered an opinion, which question was put to the greater part of the jurors; so that the interrogatory ultimately fixed upon in the case of Fries is the same which was put to all the jurors, who were interrogated in the case of Callender.
I have, Mr. President, been in the practice of the law for thirty years.—Before the revolution I attended, two or three years, the two courts on the Eastern Shore of Virginia—Suffolk county in Delaware—and Somerset and Worcester in Maryland; since the revolution I have constantly attended the general courts on the Western and Eastern Shores of Maryland, and the civil and criminal courts of Baltimore county—and for about six years several other counties in Maryland. In the whole course of my practice, I have never known a single case either civil or criminal, in which the jurors have been, when called to the book, demanded to answer upon oath either of the aforesaid questions, which the defendant's counsel requested to be put to them.
If either party choose to challenge a juror for cause, on account of declarations made by the juror, the only ground for it is that he has used expressions showing his determination to decide for one party or the other without regard to truth and justice. In which case the party makes his objection to the particular juror, specifying the expressions uttered by the juror indicative of such improper determination, and produces witnesses to establish his objection; for the juror must be examined on oath to substantiate the charge—and, unless by mutual consent, the objection made must be decided, not by the court, but by triers . And the only matter to be decided is whether the juror has made any declaration of a design to give a verdict one way or the other, whether right or wrong; for if the juror made the declarations from his knowledge of the facts in the case, this would be no cause of challenge, nor any objection to his being sworn on the jury. And as the juror himself against whom such objection is made cannot be examined on oath, it follows of course he cannot be challenged for having formed an opinion, but only for having delivered it, as a third person cannot know of an opinion being formed but by its having been delivered. And as I have observed already, even the delivery of an opinion is no cause of challenge, if it appears to have been founded upon the juror's knowledge of facts, and not from partiality—in consequence of this principle of law, it can be no objection against a juror being sworn, even though he should have the most perfect knowledge of every fact relative to the issue, to try which he is about to be sworn;—on the contrary, the principal reason assigned why trials ought to be by jurors from the vicinage is the presumption that they will be best acquainted with the facts which will be put in issue for their decision.
Suppose a person, summoned as a juror to try an indictment for assault and battery, or any other offence, had seen the offence committed and perfectly knew the offender, it would be no cause of challenge against the juror, nor could he for that reason be rejected at the trial—on the contrary the law considers him the better qualified to serve in that case as a juror in consequence of that knowledge. If in the instance I have put, such juror man had declared that the criminal had committed an assault and battery, and that he was determined to find him guilty, this declaration being founded on the knowledge of the juror as to the truth of the case would be no ground for challenge—to support a challenge, the juror must show an intention to act partially through favor or malice. It is therefore no objection to a person serving as a juror because he is also a witness.
And so far is it from being the case that a juror man's knowledge of the law, or his having declared his opinion of the law arising in the case to be tried, should be a cause of challenge, that, if two or more persons are indicted in the same indictment for the same offence, and one is tried and convicted, a juror man, who served on that trial may be sworn on the subsequent trial of the other person joined in the indictment, and cannot be challenged, although as to the law arising in the case he had not only declared his opinion, but even declared it on oath in the former trial. So also, is the case of a Judge, whether he is to decide the law only, as in jury trials, or the law and fact both, as here in the case of impeachment; his knowledge of the facts in the cause is no objection to his acting as a Judge, and he may be called on to give testimony, and yet give his decision in his judicial capacity. In support of these principles in addition to the authorities adduced by my very respectable colleague (Mr. Key) I will trouble this honorable court with Brookes abridgement Title, Challenge p. 90, where he says, it is a cause of challenge to the favor if the juror has declared that should he be empanelled he would give a verdict for the plaintiff.
(To be continued.)
PRIVATE BOARDING & LODGING.
THE Subscribers (near Mr. Southgate's Store on Shockoe Hill, a fine healthy situation,) will furnish genteel Board and Lodging for a few gentlemen until the first of December next, by the day, week or month, on reasonable terms:—And will then be prepared to receive the Members of Assembly, having a convenient house with seven fine rooms and five places in each, which he intends to appropriate to the accommodation of the members, and reside himself, in separate apartments near to it. This house is situated in a northeast direction from the Capitol, about 150 yards distance; the space between which is remarkably dry ground in any weather.
I flatter myself that the convenience of the house, its contiguity to the Capitol, and my unmeriting endeavors to give satisfaction, will induce as many members of the next Legislature to put up with me as the house will commonly accommodate. Those members who wish to engage previous to the session, will please signify the same by letter.
I wish to rent 12 or 15 furnished beds, and to hire during the Session, 3 or 4 good Servants and Cooks and to engage both immediately.
JOHN MOODY.
FROM THE N. Y. COMMERCIAL ADVERTISER.
The following account of the Russian Mallechus sets enterprise, along the west coast of North America, was drawn up by Jacob Crowninshield, Esq., of Salem, for Dr. Mitchell. It is highly interesting, and has a near connection with the persevering attempt, making by Capt. Lewis and Clark, to penetrate by land to the Pacific ocean.
I hear it will not be in my power, dear Sir, to give you very correct information, as to the points of your enquiry. You ask, whether I am in possession of any facts, relative to the settlement or migration of the Kamchatkades, or subjects of Russia, by land or sea; along the north western coast of America. I am in possession of no facts, except from the information of others, but I believe it is certain that the Russians, for 8 or 10 years past, have been on the coast, and that they are extending their settlements, if they may be called such, to the northward. They come from Kamchatka, and their progress is to the south where I have no doubt they will prove troublesome, either to the Spaniards, or to ourselves, if we should ever take possession of that part of the coast (and we can produce better titles to the country than any European nation whatever.) Altho' I am not now able to point out the places where they have made establishments, yet I have been informed, and I think correctly, that several Russian traders from Kamchatka have fixed themselves at Queen Charlotte's Islands, and in that neighborhood, where they carry on an advantageous commerce with the Indians. They remain over winter, and collect large quantities of sea otter, and other skins, which are delivered to Russian vessels, that regularly visit the coast from St. Petersburg and other places on the eastern parts of Kamchatka. These vessels make frequent voyages, and supply their traders with such articles as will sell to advantage among the natives. I am not positive that I heard of the Russians making permanent settlements, but I am sure that the Americans have frequently met their traders on different parts of the coast to the north of Nootka Sound. It is said they mix freely with the natives, learn their language, and endeavor to conciliate them by every means in their power; and I was once informed by a gentleman who had been on the coast, that they possessed a very considerable influence over the northern tribes; and it was his opinion, as it is mine, that the Russian government contemplates making encroachments to the southward, until they shall be stopped by the Spaniards. The American traders were assuredly on the coast before the Russians, except indeed, that a Russian vessel or two might have visited that part of the coast immediately opposite the eastern extremity of Asia, a few years before.
It is almost 20 years since the ship Columbia, capt. Kendrick, and the ship Mary Washington, capt. Gray, were dispatched from Boston to the N. W. coast of America; they made important discoveries, and took possession of a considerable tract of country, and capt. Kendrick actually received deeds of a large part from some of the principal chiefs. The river Columbia, (as I am not mistaken, receives its name from the ship Columbia) was so named by the captain, on his return with a cargo of sea otter skins, which were advantageously disposed of in that market. The Mary Washington afterwards came to China, and made several voyages back to the coast, but I believe never returned to the U. States. Capt. Kendrick having spent the Columbia home, under charge of capt. Gray, remained in the ship, and finally lost his life on the coast, in fighting another vessel.
I was acquainted with captain Metcalf, of New York, who commanded the brig Eleonora—he was early on the coast, and told me he had taken possession in behalf of the United States. Captain Metcalf was either cut off by the natives or lost on the coast, on his second trip after he had visited the Isle of France. Captain Roberts and others from Boston soon followed capt. Kendrick. Since these voyages were made (and they were the first undertaken from this country) the Americans have carried on a constant trade to the coast, where they collect otter skins and carry them to China, and for ten or fifteen years there may have been from five to ten vessels, principally from Massachusetts, engaged in this trade. I have only referred to their voyages, particularly to capt. Kendrick's, with a view of showing you that the Americans have as good, if not better claims to the country than the Russians can possibly have. I wish a collection could be made of all their voyages; the information to be derived from them would certainly be interesting, and perhaps important, in establishing our title to the country embraced within the limits of their discoveries. Captain Metcalf was a very correct navigator, and has made valuable charts and drawings of the coast and harbours which I had entered, but I presume they were lost with him. The first navigators are chiefly dead, and it is doubtful whether their journals were preserved. Captain Kendrick's is said to have fallen into the hands of a Mr. Howell, who, it is understood, died in Mailliars where it is probable they were lost. Capt. Ingraham, who failed under Kendrick in the Columbia, afterwards made a voyage to the north west coast, and thence to China, and on the passage discovered a small cluster of islands; and I have heard that his journal was presented to general Washington, and it is very probable it may be found among his papers. It is possible that captain Magee's may be preserved by his friends or relations who reside in Boston, and if you can at any future time be obtained, you may depend I will not fail to present it to you. I do not recollect a single vessel ever having performed a voyage from Salem to the western coast of America. Our merchants having generally been engaged in other enterprises, particularly to the East Indies by the way of the Cape of Good Hope, few or none from our port, within my knowledge, have ever dispatched any vessel round Cape Horn, upon voyages for sea otter skins, which are only procured in high northern latitudes, on the west side of this continent.
The eastern extremity of Asia is so near the western part of North America, that the Russians have easy and frequent communication with it. I have not the least doubt but that they have views of making possession of the whole coast, from the northern extremity of the continent (as far as the sea is navigable) to the Spanish settlements to the southward; & I am of opinion the late Russian voyage of discovery is connected with the general system of extending their settlement, in that quarter of our continent. The Russians, for the first time I think, are now passing Cape Horn, and their ships are destined to Kamchatka and the N. W. coast of America. We must wait the event, but if I am not very much deceived, you will find their attention principally directed to discoveries and settlements on our western shores.
The extreme point of their southern discoveries I cannot ascertain. They collect the skins of the sea otter and other animals which they carry to Kamchatka, and by that route they reach Europe and China by land, but I have heard of no Russian vessel making a voyage from the coast direct to China; nor do I think that any Russians have as yet undertaken any commercial voyage from the eastern shores of Asia to China, except indeed they may have passed into some of the ports on the northern and east coast of that country, which are not frequented by our navigators. The European and American traders are only allowed to visit Canton. If the Russian government intends to make permanent settlements on the American coast and extend them farther south, there can be little doubt that they may interfere with our claim to the western part of North America, provided we secure a title to that territory as far as the great we can retain.

European Intelligence.
From London papers by the British Packet, arrived at New-York.
London, June 8. —In the house of commons last night, Mr. Grey repeated his question respecting the hope of continental alliance, held out in his Majesty's speech. The chancellor of the Exchequer in answer, said that it was not in his power to add any thing to what he had stated on a former occasion. Mr. Grey then gave notice, that unless circumstances occurred in the mean time to render it unnecessary, he should, on Wednesday next, bring forward a motion on that subject. In the house of lords, a similar question was asked by Earl Camsfort, and a similar answer given by Lord Mulgrave. The noble Earl then gave notice for Thursday next, of a motion to the same effect as that given by Mr. Grey, in the House of Commons.
We yesterday mentioned that the captain of a Quernay privateer had arrived in town with dispatches taken on board a Spanish Packet. On the 14th ult. the Esola, capt. Longhurst, fell in with the Etruria Spanish Packet, from St. Sebastian to Vera Cruz. The privateer hoisted French colours, and sent a boat on board, the crew of which speaking French, imposed on the Spaniards, and induced them to send the mate on board with one of the packages containing part of their dispatches. The captain of the Packet was likewise sent for, and then another boat sent from the privateer on board the Spaniard, and the whole dispatches which lay stowed on the deck to be funk were thus secured. Such at least is the report. The Etruria sailed from St. Sebastian on the 29th of April, and the dispatches are directed to the Governor of the Havannah. There is a strong suspicion, however, that the dispatches were fabricated on purpose. It is said, that they indicate the West-Indies as the destination of the combined Squadrons. Government preferred the captain of the privateer with 100 guineas, who certainly made a great sacrifice in quitting his cruise, to perform what he considered a superior duty to the public.
A letter is received from Lord Nelson, dated at sea, three days after he had sailed from Lagos Bay. His Lordship was making the best of his way after the combined fleets, and concludes his letter thus:— "It is true we are greatly inferior in ships to the enemy, but I should count it the happiest moment of my life to have an opportunity of trying my strength with him."
June 7. —A letter from Milan, dated the 11th May, says:— "Many persons think that Bonaparte is much dissatisfied with the Emperor of Germany and with the King of Naples, and that the many French troops collected in this country, are not merely for a show. According to the best information, 25,000 Frenchmen are encamped near Marengo, under Lannes; 32,000 occupy Lombardy and Mantua, under Jourdan; Menou commands 12,000 in Piedmont; and St. Cyr 16,000 in the kingdom of Naples. Round the coast of Genoa and Tuscany, and in the Papal territory are quartered 20,000; and the regular Italian troops, about 15,000. On the other hand, Austria has a cordon of troops in the Tyrol, and in the ci-devant Venetian states, supposed to amount to 60,000 men, daily augmented by arrivals of new corps from the hereditary states. The Russian and English forces in the Mediterranean are calculated at upwards of 20,000. The vicinity of so many and numerous armies cause alarms and speculations not favorable to the desires of the wiliers for peace, though the general opinion is, that this year will pass over before any blows are struck on the continent."
Yesterday the King reviewed all the New Corps, except the 3d, which had been already reviewed by his Majesty, along with the three regiments of the P. & F. East-India Company's Volunteers. Hon. Artillery Company took the right of the right brigade, & the 2d Royal London the left: the 10th Royal London, had the first post of honor in the 2d brigade; & the 6th Royal London (or Bishopsgate corps) with the Vagers, the second General the Earl of Harrington commanded the whole, under him the Brig. Generals Layard and Fowle.
Letters have been received from Paris, which state, that Bonaparte has suggested to some of the ministers of the neutral powers a plan of a general pacification. We believe that Bonaparte would willingly make considerable sacrifices for the present to induce England, Russia and Sweden, to acknowledge his usurped title; but it would be absurd, after what we had seen of his conduct, and what we know of his plans, to suppose that he really entertains pacific sentiments. It is however probable that he may hold the language which is attributed to him, with a view of preventing, or at least of delaying the treaties that are negotiating between England, Russia and Sweden. It is very well known that the mass of the people of France are averse to the war; and in order to delude them, it is perfectly consistent with his character and policy to profess a disposition for peace at the very moment that he is determined on the most rancorous hostility.
There is no part of Europe of which little is now understood as of the interior of the French Empire. The intolerable tyranny which prevents any disputation of opinion and observation, not only there, but in many States of the Continent where the influence of Bonaparte extends, has rendered the internal state of his dominions almost as little known as that of Africa. It is scarcely possible even to conjecture what is the situation of the Agriculture of France, of her finance, her Manufactures, and inland Commerce; for of all possible information, that which is alone allowed to transpire, is precisely what one would most hesitate to believe—the reports of the Government. All that we see of France is naval and military; in warlike menace and preparation, she is alone to be observed and contemplated; and in proportion to her prodigious and violent exertions there, it is natural to presume those correspondent weaknesses, exhaustion or neglect, in those parts of her administration which principally regard the improvement and management of their resources. The vast efforts she has made, so suddenly to throw out such numerous and well-appointed fleets, will strike us more forcibly in another point of view, and convince our Statesmen and Legislators of the utter impracticability of admitting any project or hope of a permanent peace, during the existing system and composition of European Cabinets and policy.
While, with her present hostile and unprincipled disposition, France possesses the means of suddenly recruiting her navy, and re-appearing immediately after a peace as a great maritime power, it is impossible that any pacification should continue for more than two or three years; at the expiration of which Bonaparte would be ready again to renew his vexatious plans of alarm, insult, suspicion and desiance, with that war of the Monitor, and of the Cabinet, which made the last peace no more than an anxious and unfavorable truce. The safety of England, and of Europe, lies exclusively in the putting it out of the power of France to unite naval means to her continental predominance; and it is to be hoped that our Representatives in foreign courts omit no means, nor opportunity to convince them of the common interest and danger.
One of the corders of Bonaparte's Legion of honor, recently transmitted to the court of Berlin, was intended for Field Marshal Moellendorff, but was temporarily rejected by that veteran warrior. The following letter has been circulated on the continent, as an accurate copy of the terms in which the Field Marshal repelled that infamous attempt to associate himself with the slaves, rebels & regicides, by whom the Usurper is surrounded.
"Sir,—The rank I occupy, and the royal orders with which I have been decorated by your Majesty's second uncle and father of glorious memory, evince, that my services as an officer, and fidelity as a subject, were approved by those Sovereigns. Since your Majesty's reign I have done nothing to forfeit such an honorable opinion. What could therefore have induced the usurper at the head of the French government to insist on me with his offer of having my name registered among the guilty ones of French rebels and regicides who supported that foreigner's usurpation? A member of his pretended Legion of Honor? My conscience, Sir, is clear; I know loyalty, and duty."
AMSTERDAM, May 21. Our Gazette mentions a report from Paris, that Rear-Admiral Magon, with two ships of the line and three frigates had put to sea from the Isle of Rhe, and that their destination was to the East-Indies.
LONDON, May 27. Much exultation is manifested, in an article extracted from "The Monitor" at the success of the French agents employed by the French to deceive Lord Nelson with respect to the def-
tinuation of the Toulon squadron.—Dispatches, apparently official, were fabricated for the purpose of inducing him to believe that the expedition was intended against Egypt, to intercept which, his Lordship took his station off Sicily, and left the French in consequence an unmolested passage to Cadiz.
JUNE 8. The Hamburg Mail due on Sunday last arrived yesterday. The intelligence it brings is confused and contradictory. On the one hand it is stated that M. Novosiltzow has received his passports for Milan, & that a Congress is to be held at Brussels, for the purpose of promoting a general pacification. On the contrary, letters from Gottenburgh say that Russia has broken off all negotiation with France, and that the troops of the former power will soon take an advanced position in Pomerania. The following is a copy of one of these letters:
Gottenburgh, May 27. "I have heard to day from good authority, that the Court of Petersburg has at length entirely broken with France, and that war is determined upon in conjunction with England and Sweden. It is generally believed that the two couriers who go by the packet, which is now ready to sail, carry with them the treaty between England and Russia, in which this country is included. A Russian fleet is expected to pass this place very soon, and a Russian army to be employed in Pomerania."
On a subject so liable to diversity of opinion we shall not enter at present. One fact, which we have from authority, is, that the Prussian Minister has actually left Stockholm.
In the House of Commons yesterday, Mr. Grey renewed his application to Mr. Pitt, desiring to know, whether it was intended to make any communication to the House, on the subject of the foreign alliances, alluded to in the speech from the Throne at the opening of the session, or with respect to the application of the five millions voted for that purpose. The chancellor of the Exchequer said, that not being informed of what was passing in another quarter, he could not furnish any satisfactory information on the subject. Mr. Grey replied, by giving notice of a motion, for Wednesday next, for an enquiry into the present critical situation of public affairs.
June 10. Dispatches were on Saturday received at the Admiralty from Admiral Cochrane, which are dated the 18th ult. off St. Lucia, at which time it was understood that the Rochefort Squadron after throwing a reinforcement of about 600 men into the city of St. Domingo, had literally taken "French leave" of the Antilles. The Cork fleet, respecting which some apprehensions were entertained, we are happy to find, has arrived in safety at Jamaica. Admiral Collingwood, we understand is now cruising off Cadiz, and Sir R. Bickerton off Cape Finisterre. Admiral Lord Nelson has certainly been on a fruitless pursuit of the enemy to the West-Indies. The expedition under the command of Sir J. Craig, had not left Gibraltar when these advices came to hand; they were shortly to depart for Malta, to strengthen that important depot, & to act as circumstances may require. The report that they were to take Minorca in their way, is not credited in the best informed circles. The destination of the Combined Squadrons of the enemy is a matter still afloat in the ocean of conjecture!
West-Indies. NEW-YORK, July 31. We learn by the Schooner Regulator, Master, that the port of La Guaira was shut against neutrals on the 5th of July; since which time no vessel had been allowed to anchor there excepting the ship Stranger, captain Waterman, of N. York, who arrived on the 8th, and received permission to enter in three or four days afterwards.
Merc. Adv. Mr. Terhay, arrived at Boston from the West-Indies, informs, that he left Guadalupe the 2d ult. at which time none of the English prizes reported to have been taken by the combined fleet and held, had arrived there or at Martinico; nor had any correct accounts of their having been burnt reached that island. Some of the officers and crews of the vessels taken had arrived at Guadalupe; and they reported, that the vessels captured, fifteen in number, had been sent off under convoy of two frigates. The non arrival of these prizes at Guadalupe, was generally attributed to their having been fallen in with by Lord Nelson & recaptured.
Mr. T. was informed by one of the French officers, that when they left France, they supposed their destination was the East Indies; and they had on board passengers for that quarter of the globe.
The troops which embarked at Guadalupe, were all reloaded before the combined fleets quitted the West-Indies.
The force of the combined fleet has been accurately stated:—It was composed of 21 sail of the line, 6 of them Spanish. They were mostly very fast sailing vessels. The Charleston account of the arrival of a third fleet from France, at Martinico, is wholly unfounded.
Capt. Williams from Guadalupe mentions the general report in the West-Indies that the French fleet, when in the West-Indies latitudes, had only three days sail of Lord Nelson. His opinion, however, is, that the French can out sail the English.
One of the American prizes captured by a Guadalupean privateer, was lately sent in with the United States Union revealed. The Americans highly resented the indignity; and the colours were speedily struck and hoisted in a proper manner.
Boston Gazette. NORFOLK, August 8.
By Mr. Stevenson, who came in the Jafon, belonging to Frederickshurg, arrived here on Wednesday night, in 61 days from Madeira; we are informed, that on the 27th of June, in lat. 34, 40, long. 52, 69, they fell in with Admiral Nelson's fleet of 12 sail of the line, under press of sail, in pursuit of the combined French and Spanish fleets—that the Jafon was detained a few minutes to get some wine for the Admiral, during which time the British officers stated with pleasure, that they had picked up a French bucket, which gave them some hopes of their being in the track of the enemy.
Herald. Domestic Intelligence. FROM THE CHARLESTON TIMES.
Messrs. Cox & SHERFORD, THE principal facts stated in the following extract from my journal, in the brig Orange, have, accompanied by proper vouchers, been forwarded for the inspection of our government; but conceiving it my duty to make them as public as possible, I must request you to give it a place in your paper:
"Saturday, April 13, 1805, arrived in the harbour of Port-Royal, Jamaica; was immediately boarded by a boat from one of his Britannic Majesty's armed vessels, the officer and crew of which made an examination of the sails of the brig, but not finding any one so unfortunate as to be a native of Great-Britain, they laid their hands upon the cook, (a Spaniard) and immediately departed, taking him with them.
"Sunday, April the 14th, Kingston.—Early in the morning, a boat from the same ship which had taken the Spanish cook, appeared along side; two officers, with several men, came on board; made another enquiry into the protection of the crew, and demanded the Spaniard's pay and clothes. In reply, I informed them, that an application would be made to the admiral, for his release, who I was confident would not retain him, at the same time represented
the inhumanity of forcing him into a service, where he must fight opposed to his countrymen, possibly with and against his brothers; and if taken, would be certain of a gibbet. To all this I received no other answer, than a torrent of abuse, which being spent, they, much to my satisfaction, left me—they however soon returned, declaring that the Spaniard had entered, and again demanded his wages; to this I stated, that I had not brought sufficient money with me, & it being Sunday, could not be supplied by the merchant who managed my business. On this, they ordered their men to unbend and carry away one of the brig's fails; this I interdicted in the most serious manner, declaring that if they attempted to cause a violation of my rights, that it should cost them more than they had any idea of. Another torrent of abuse then ensued, which like the former, being violent, was soon spent; they then departed, taking with them a Russian sailor, duly protected by certificates from his government.
"Monday, April 15.—On application to Admiral Dacres, procured an immediate order for the release of the Russian, which I carried on board the Diligence, where he was confined; was received by capt. Gordon, the commanding officer, with that civility which might be expected from a gentleman, who feels power, but at the same time does not forget right; from this time the visits of these preux boats were very frequent and vexatious, examining and re-examining the protections of the crew, until Wednesday morning, May 16; when, I being on shore, an officer, with several men, from the Thetis 74, came on board, and as usual, made search, when finding, lying sick in his birth, an American seaman, named William Mathews, whose certificate of protection they had several times before examined and compared, ordered him to turn out immediately; swore he was only drunk, or "flaming Abraham"; but the poor fellow, too ill to attend to their threats, made no reply; they then attempted to haul him out, but finding he could not be roused, they quit him, and taking with them an American seaman, and an apprentice boy, departed. At this moment I came on board; was informed by Mr. Moore (the mate) of the procedure; I immediately went below, found the unhappy man lying on his breath, his head and one hand hanging over the head board of his birth, and apparently in the agonies of death. I immediately called for assistance to lay him in a more easy posture, which was just accomplished, when he expired."
On the foregoing I shall make no comment—and only express my regret, in not being able to hand you the names of the authors of these repeated outrages; for confident I am, that the large proportion of the officers of the British navy, would feel for them that indignation and contempt which I find it impossible to express.
CHARLES PELHAM.
NEW-YORK, July 29.
TO THE PUBLIC. In consequence of alarming reports of malignant cases of fever having occurred in this City, the Board of health think it proper to state that an unusual degree of health at present prevails, and that no case of malignant fever, so far as they know, now exists in New-York. A few cases of unfavourable appearance were observed a few days ago; but the sick were removed to the Marine Hospital, and every precaution was taken to guard against any further evil. The constant vigilance exercised at the quarantine establishment, the incessant attention to the removal of nuisances in the City, and the present favorable state of the weather, all encourage a reasonable hope that the season will pass away without any malignant epidemic. The Board pledge themselves to their fellow citizens to give early and unreserved notice of danger, if any should occur. By the unanimous order of the Board of Health.
DEWITT CLINTON, President. JAMES HARDIE, Secretary. Office of the Board of Health, } New-York, July 27, 1805. }
Stephen Arnold. —It will be remembered, that at the last court of Oyer and Terminer in the county of Onondaga, the murderer of the little girl, (whose peculiar sufferings excite such a lively interest, even at this remote distance from the scene of action) received his trial and condemnation. The court appointed Friday, the 19th inst. between the hours of eleven and two, as the time for his execution. Not less than ten thousand people assembled on that occasion. Between the hours of eleven and twelve the prisoner was taken from his place of confinement, with a rope round his neck, seated on his coffin, and conveyed on a cart to the place of execution. It was with difficulty that a company of artillery could sufficiently disperse the throng, to enable the criminal to pass; and it was with equal difficulty that a company of infantry, formed in the rear and on each side of the criminal, could secure him and the procession from the pressure of the multitude. After the procession had reached the place of execution, and the criminal had ascended the scaffold, prayers were offered, and a solemn affecting sermon delivered, by the Rev. Mr. Lewis. The clergy, and others who were near the prisoner, then took him by the hand, and recommended him to the mercy and favour of God.
The conduct of Arnold, ever since his arrest, is said to have been decent, and expressive of the deepest conviction of his crime. On this occasion particularly, his conduct was such as to excite a very lively sympathy in the surrounding multitude. He seemed to say:
"Walk thoughtful on the silent, solemn shore, Of that vast ocean he must sail so soon."
After the prisoner had made a short address to the people, and had informed the executioner that he might perform his duty, the Sheriff rose and read a reprieve which he had received from the Governor after the solemnities of the day had commenced. The criminal was so overcome with the emotions which this unexpected intelligence produced, that he fainted, and fell senseless from his feet. When he had a little recovered, he was re-conducted to the prison, with the same ceremony with which he had been conveyed to the scaffold.
Merc. Adv.
We are informed, by a gentleman who arrived in the British packet from Halifax, that the frigate Cleopatra, on her return thither from Newfoundland, where she had been dispatched to convoy troops, fell in with not less than 500 islands of ice, some of which were three miles in length, and had grounded in 100 fathoms water. It was feared she would be lost. The Ville de Milan was at Halifax, repairing.
Merc. Adv.
We learn that a malignant fever is now prevailing at Providence, (R. I.) A gentleman left that place on Saturday morning, states that fifteen cases had been reported, and that the Physicians had recommended a general removal of the inhabitants.
Merc. Adv.
A gentleman of this town (says the Boston Repository) has favored us with an extract of a letter from New-Bedford, dated the 29th inst. by which it appears, that the Washington, capt.
Howland, had arrived at that port in 48 days from Cadiz. This was the ship in which it has been reported that Gen. Moreau would take passage for America; but, adds the letter, Gen. Moreau does not leave Spain this season.
Extract of a letter from Cadiz, dated June 22.
"By the enclosed papers you will perceive the insulting title in which the Spaniards mention in their public prints an occurrence which took place a few days since of the attack and capture of one of the United States Gun Boats No. 3, by three Spanish privateers; the result of this business we are yet ignorant of; tho' it is said the boat has been given up—the capture appears to have been intended more as an insult than anything else."
Outlets. The same letter announces the condemnation of the brig Hudson and cargo, by the Tribunal of Marine of the island of St. Leon. The reason given is "that the brig was English built; and the want of Spanish certificates to the property." This vessel is American built and owned, was bound to Naples with a valuable cargo, belonging entirely to native citizens.
Extract of a letter from an officer of the United States, at Syracuse, dated 11th May, to Commander Preble.
"The Commander is still at Malta—his health something better. The Enterprise is expected every day from Venice, entirely rebuilt. Capt. Baron, of the Essex, left this port yesterday for Malta, leaving a brig, called the Franklin, which I believe he purchased in Trieste, intended for a bomb. A Mr. Farquhar, arrived here a few days ago, from Alexandria: he says that Mr. Eaton had marched some days before (which was about the 4th of March) with 1000 Christians, and the old Basha, with about 4000 Turks; their hopes were very sanguine to get safe, and take possession of Derna and Bengazi. We have had no official account from Mr. Eaton as yet, but it is rumoured, at Malta, that he is in Derna.—The Argus is expected to bring us news soon."
The hon. JOHN QUINCY ADAMS, Esq. has been unanimously elected, by the corporation and overseers of Harvard College, Baylor Professor of Rhetoric and Oratory, for that University, being the first Professor on that foundation.
It is whispered that notes, in a style unusually animated, have passed between the Secretary of State and Mr. Trujillo.
Phil. True Amer. ALEXANDRIA, August 2.
We believe it is generally known, that the state of Connecticut was possessed of lands in western America, under the charter granted to that (then) province by Charles 2d. That during the revolutionary war, many of her citizens were severe sufferers by the cruel and destructive policy of the British, who, not satisfied with the common calamities incident to that unnatural and ferocious state of society, burnt New-London and many other towns. With an honorable policy, a policy which ought more generally to have been followed, she had the injury done to her citizens estimated, which amounted to 500,000 dollars, and applied that number of acres of land to their relief, that is to say one acre of land future principally to the East of the Sandy Hook Bay was given to each citizen, for every dollar it was estimated he had destroyed by the mercenary arms of Britain. Further we believe it is also well known, that after the peace the sold a tract of country east of this grant, and extending from it to the U. States lands in the now county of Columbia, in the state of Ohio, to a company well known as the Connecticut land company, for we believe 1,200,000 dollars. Nor is forgotten that this money produced a schism in that state party willing to divide the whole of the interest arising from this capital, among the reverend the clergy of the state, the other perhaps believing that the servants of the people in every capacity should alone be paid by those who employ them; perhaps stimulated by a state pride, which we can but praise, and viewing the comparative size, and relative importance of Connecticut now no other means of raising the consequence thereof, and making her influence felt in the union, than by bringing forward all the energies of her citizens, hence they contended that the interest should be applied for the establishment of Schools, so that every child in the state should be entitled to five years schooling as a matter of right. This question agitated Connecticut for about we believe 7 years, when owing more especially to the exertions of one man, it was carried in favour of the schools. But although the money was paid, the Indian title was not taken off either of the land sold the company, or given to the sufferers by British depredations. In 1794, by Wayne's treaty the Indian title was ceded to the U. S. to all that part of the county of Trumbull, which is now the East of the Cayahoga, consisting now of 195 Townships of five miles square, each—This produced a contending claim between the U. S. and the holders under the state of Connecticut, which was not settled until 1800, when the state of Connecticut ceded to the U. S. all her lands west of the Pennsylvania line, and the U. S. confirmed to the purchasers & sufferers the land originally belonging to the state of Connecticut. The county of Trumbull then commenced settlement, happy in a mild & benignant climate, happy in waters filled with innumerable fish, particularly Muskalonge, the white fish and the Dickeral (which however does not resemble the European Pike) Happy in as rich a soil as man would wish to cultivate it is not to be wondered at that a rapid population should cover this beautiful country—It is perhaps a phenomenon unknown before in statistical history, that the county of Trumbull, which at the end of the last century did not contain a single white inhabitant, should at the commencement of this year, have upwards of 11,000 white inhabitants, that in the course of the last year there were 203 families emigrated into it, exclusive of those who went to live in two towns from which no returns were received. In Trumbull there are now 22 free schools, 7 circulating libraries—24 free mills and 17 gift mills and 15,000 dollars, subscribed for the establishment of a college—but although the country was cleared of the Indian title to the west of the Cayahoga was not, many valuable citizens, were rendered thereby incapable of improving their property, and the sufferers, under British profligacy continued in fact unrequited—in order to bring this property into play, a treaty was to have been held this year at Cleveland on the Cayahoga, it was however removed to the Miami of the Lake and happily concluded after having been opposed by the British agents, by every means of chicanery, artifice and corruption in their power. The lands thus acquired to the U. S. are infinitely valuable—when the Indians formerly came to trade with our citizens, the English agents would fix on the Indian lands and smuggle so many goods as to injure the revenues of this country not less than 30,000 dollars annually. It was also desirable to get possession now, as the Indians are every day appreciating more and more their lands, and in some parts are informed they charge a citizen of the U. S. a dollar for crossing a ferry—The country ceded is from the mouth of the Cayahoga, until you get westward 120 miles from the western line of Pennsylvania and from the cession granted to the U. S. in 1794 by the Indians north of 42 degrees 2 minutes including the bay of Sandusky, and most of the islands on Lake Erie, the cession in favor of the U. S. is about 2,000,000 acres for which they agree to pay 895 dollars per annum for ever, the cession to the proprietors of the Connecticut grants is from 1,400,000 to 1,500,000 acres, for which they give 4,000 dolls. in cash, dependent with the President of the U. S. for the benefit of the Indians 2018 67 dollars and annually pay them for 6 succeeding years 2000 dollars per annum. Thus having this treaty been concluded, which refers to the old inferior warrior, at least a portion of his property & when we consider the interrested and who have for years been looking forward to settle in this country, there can be no hesitation in believing that it will be as speedily settled as any country ever was, there by adding to the consequence of the state of O-
command me, therefore, to repulse with indignation such an outrage—such an attempt to disgrace the grey hairs of one of, Sir, your Majesty's most faithful subjects. (Signed) "MOELLENDORF, Field Marshal.
"Berlin, April 28, 1805." That French fleets have been so far lucky as they have escaped the thunder of British cannon; but, in all probability, their commanders have only exchanged a land of oppression, for a sea of troubles.
Thomas Addis Emmet, of some notoriety, has advertised himself, in the American prints, as a practitioner at law. We hope he will find by his own experience, that the fair pursuits of honest industry, by the exercise of his talents, are infinitely more desirable than the theory and dangerous paths of irregular and criminal political ambition.
The late Sir William Pulteney.—Notwithstanding every search has been made in Pulteney House, no will has yet been found. The search commenced on Saturday last. Sir William was supposed to be the richest commoner in the kingdom. It is said his funded property amounted to near two millions sterling; he was the greatest American stockholder ever known. In the event of no will being found, the widow will enjoy one third of his personal property. It is well known that Sir William had the greatest borough interest of any gentleman in the country, and of course his friendship was courted by all parties. Lady Pulteney's marriage settlement was 10,000 per annum. Sir William Pulteney was dangerously indisposed near a month preceding his death. His disorder was the gravel. He was so sensible of his approaching dissolution, that he preached almost the hour of his decease. Dr. Bane was the principal attending physician. His daughter, Lady Bath, sat up with him for a week preceding his death. He died in the 85th year of his age. In the latter part of his life he was remarkable for his abstemious method of living, his food being composed of the most simple nourishment, principally bread and milk. In the apartments wherein he principally resided, very little fire was used, not from a motive of economy, but because, as he himself declared, he found his health better by it.
Political Astronomy of England.
[From a French paper.]
England is a planet as we all know, annually separated from the Earth.— Totus diuisus orbe Britannus. —She is, however, not less anxious to exert her influence on that point. This planet seems to contain in its centre of gravitation, fatelities of the following description:
Gaming. —He describes a diurnal revolution round himself, and an annual revolution round Mr. Pitt. He is the smallest of all the English stars. It requires an excellent telescope to discover him. He is continually lost in the rays of Lord Grenville, or Mr. Pitt.
Doubles. —He describes his diurnal revolution round France, and his annual round the world. It is in Scotland and in India that you may take the best observation of him. He has laboured under a momentary eclipse; but it is still expected that he will re-appear.
Hawkebury. —A star of much brilliancy, but which shines only with a borrowed light. Astronomers have hitherto been puzzled to determine its course; it seems to be liable to continual aberrations.
Windham. —He belonged to the Bureau Constellation, which has disappeared. This is a most eccentric meteor, and partakes of the nature of the comet. Astronomers are strongly of opinion, that if he be not closely confined to his orbit, he must end in the destruction of the world.
Pitt. —A star of the first magnitude. He turns continually round George III. from which he is repelled by a centrifugal motion. It is principally at the Stock Exchange, or St. Stephen's Chapel, that a due observation may be taken of him.
Fox. —He is the polar star of England. In every storm and tempest, seamen turn intuitively towards him to enquire into their latitude.
Addington. —He is turning continually round every other star. Let him but approach in the least towards Canning, Fox, or even the smallest planet, he is carried away by their motion. Pitt exerts over him the influence of the moon, which possesses the power of raising or lowering the tides. This star is rapidly approaching to an eclipse.
Private letters from India state, that Marquis Wellesley has effected an entire pacification in the newly conquered Mahatta Dominions.—Very furious disputes still exist among the excluded and reinstated Zemindars in the ceded provinces of Bengal and the Carnatic.
London paper. Dr. PALEY. —This very respectable Pillar of the church and Ornament of Literature, closed his earthly career on Saturday last, at Sunderland, in the 63d year of his age. He was Archdeacon of Carlisle, Sub-dean of Lincoln, and Rector of Bishop Wearmouth. His works on religion and morals are much admired for learning, precision, and elegance. Ib.
Capt. Hall, arrived at Boston on Thursday from Lisbon, on the 1st. of July, in lat. 41, long. 40, saw six ships, which appeared to be ships of the line, in close company with each other steering to the eastward.
The following articles are from late Greenock papers received at Boston:—
MILAN, May 4.
The Deputation sent by our government to Turin, to compliment the Emperor Napoleon, met with the most gracious reception from his Majesty. The following are some passages from his answer which that Monarch returned to the address of the President of this deputation:
"I receive with pleasure, the expression of the sentiments of the people of Milan. These sentiments have been known to me

bio, and the republican interest of the western states on which so much of the happiness of our common country depends. Two years at least however must elapse before the country can be surveyed, laid into townships, and settlements commenced.
(Alexandria Exp.)
The following information respecting the perpetrator of the late robbery near Alexandria, is received in a letter from a magistrate of that city, dated yesterday.
"I should have replied to your last sooner, but I have been occupied in endeavouring to ascertain the perpetrator of the daring robbery committed near this town on Tuesday last, of which, no doubt, you are informed. We have a man confined on suspicion among other very strong circumstances, I will mention one, which I witnessed to-day: A small negro boy, of about 11 years of age, belonging to Mr. C. Alexander, in the neighbourhood of whose house Mr. Peter was shot, states that he was a witness to the scene, and very minutely described the person who was in confinement, as well in his person as his clothing, &c. together with the spot and the circumstances which took place at the time—all of which accords with Mr. Peter's account. And what adds further weight to his account, he gave this same information a few minutes after the act, to his master's (Mr. Alexander's) family. After hearing his statement, I put him into an apartment by himself, then collected 6 or 8 persons whom he had not previously seen—among them was the suspected character: when all was in order, I brought in the boy, and requested him to look round the room, and see if either of those men was the one who shot Mr. Peter: after looking around he went up to Burford (the name of the person in confinement) and said, that is the man who shot the gentleman."
NORFOLK, August 6.
Just as this paper was going to press, arrived capt. Haynes, in the Schooner Paragon, 15 days from St. Bartholomew, from whom we learn the following important particulars:—That the day before he failed information was received at St. Bartholomew from Barbados, which advised that a Brigate had arrived at that Island after a short passage from England with dispatches which stated that the GREAT FLEET had put to sea, and that an engagement had taken place between it and the British Channel Fleet, in which 6 Ships of the Line of the French were taken, 3 sunk, and the remainder returned to Brest in a very shattered condition.
With no little concern and regret, are we under the painful necessity of announcing the premature death of Mr. WILLIAM WISEHAM, merchant of Richmond, who took place on Friday last, in Gloucester, on his return home from this place, where he spent, as usual, a few convivial days among his numerous friends and acquaintances, who now have to sympathize in his exit.
FROM THE AURORA.
An article appeared in the Gazette of the United States of Saturday, that bears a very extraordinary aspect at least—whether it had its origin in the dithyrambic malignity of an adversary or in a disposition to attract public attention and divert it from some other object—or whether it is founded on any actual knowledge of one or more facts which may give some color of plausibility to the suspicion which are held forth under the guise of enquiries—we shall quote the article and subjoin such animadversions to the particular queries as the subjects present to our view of them combined with pre-existing facts.
"How long will it be before we shall hear of Col. Burr being at the head of a revolutionary party on the western waters?"
"Is it a fact that Col. Burr has formed a plan to engage the adventurous and enterprising young men from the Atlantic states to come into Louisiana?"
"This obvious intention of these two questions is to inculcate a belief that Col. Burr has formed some plan of revolution in the western country; and that he has by agents for the purpose held out temptations to enterprising young men. Whatever may be the disposition of Col. Burr to pursue such a course if it were in his power, we apprehend, that the object, is much too mighty for his efforts, and that the materials by which it is intended, that he proposes to effect his revolution , are neither of the kind nor fit for such enterprise, nor would the people and circumstances of the country admit of the accomplishment of any such project. We believe that these two questions are merely imaginary or calculated, by holding forth some great object, to divert the attention to a letter."
"Is it one of the inducements that an immediate convention will be called from the states bordering on the Ohio, and Mississippi, to form a separate government?"
"This question is absurd because wholly unfounded; it is wicked because it insinuates in a veiled spirit, that the people on the Ohio and Mississippi are not attached to the confederation —is conceived in a perfidious and traitorous spirit corresponding in a very remarkable manner with the spirit of plots published during the agitation of the Louisiana question pretending to be written by a French conspirator of state—we should not be surprised to find in the author of that forgery the author of the present fraud."
"Is it another, that all the public lands are to be seized and partitioned among those states, except what is reserved for the warlike friends and followers of Burr in the revolution?"
"Is it part of the plan for the new states to grant these lands as bounties to entice inhabitants from the Atlantic states?"
"These questions are connected in an equally detestable spirit, because they assume under colour of enquiries, facts, which would necessarily if true produce a civil war, and in that view how the Gazette of the United States can justify its position , we cannot conceive. The lands of the public are inalienable but by the authority of a law of congress; the idea of partitioning these lands, the public property, carries with it therefore an idea of insurrection , which it is more reasonable to believe the writer is a frons of promoting than acted by any other motive."
"How soon will the forts and magazines, & all the military posts at New Orleans and on the Mississippi be in the hands of Col. Burr's revolution party?"
"This question is in the same spirit as the preceding—and goes to impeach the honor, integrity, fidelity, and loyalty of the officers and other citizens who occupy the military posts at New Orleans and the Mississippi."
"How soon will Col. Burr engage in the reduction of Mexico, by granting liberty to its inhabitants, and seizing on its treasures, aided by British ships and forces?"
"This question is only calculated to expose the extravagance of the writer, and how little of an American spirit animates him—a man who felt the love of his country—a man who entertained a spark of generous magnanimity and patriotism, a man in the least actuated by the love of virtue and liberty, would never have uttered sentiments like these, which, however much contempt and abhorrence for the author they may excite in the U. States, are of such a nature as to be made a handle of in countries where the liberty of the press does not prevail, and where the ravings of a concealed traitor, or perhaps of some emissary of a foreign government, may by diplomatic skill be employed to embroil our country and to defeat treaties or negotiations now pending. We know what effects diplomatic skill has already contrived to produce by the use of the opinions of certain lawyers, among whom is our hopeful attorney general —the Spanish convention was defeated and the claims of our merchants suspended by such machinations; we should be thankful to any correspondent who would favor us with a copy of the opinion given by certain lawyers, which was made the instrument to defeat the claims of our merchants—we saw it once but had it not in our power to obtain a copy—any gentleman who has a copy will render a public service by its communication."
"What difficulty can there be in completing a revolution in one summer, among the western states, with the four temptations. 1st. Of all the Congress land.—2d. Throwing off the public debt.—3d. Seizing on their own commercial revenues.—4th. Spanish plunder; in conjunction with the British?"
"This question embraces at one view what is introduced by the preceding. And obviously was intended by the writer to promote what it affects only to enquire about."
"But why is such a course pursued, it may be asked? There are various reasons why a wicked man or a wicked faction would pursue this mode of exciting alarm."
"Mr. Burr is selected, because he is exactly such a character as would be open to the suspicion of all parties—his ambition is known to be boundless—and in political estimation he cannot be lower than he already is; by the federal party he is detested for shooting his rival Hamilton—and by the republicans he never will be trusted, for having become Hamilton's dupe . His fortune is destroyed as well as his political character, and disappointment is presumed to render him lit for any enterprise, however desperate."
"It is also presumed, no doubt, that there are other characters equally fallen in fortune and political consequence, who no doubt it is presumed would join him in any such enterprise and for the same reasons."
"Besides, the supposed project appears to be little more than a revival of the idea, which was contemplated in the project of Blount, Romayne and Linton —and of which it is more than suspected, Mr. Burr was not wholly ignorant ."
"The ideas of the querist may have also been strengthened, by reference to some menaces of certain persons concerned in the Vasco speculation—which were a topic of conversation among members of Congress—one of those persons told the editor of this paper that if the Vasco speculators did not obtain their claims from Congress, they would march a force into that country—moon being asked of whom the force would consist? The Vasco speculator coolly replied, of the persons holding claims."
"We shall wait to observe the operation of these remarks—if the querist is not a man of desperate and wicked designs himself, he will come forward, and give some information that may enable the public to determine upon his motives. If he does not come forward and support the insinuations he has made by some reasons for making such a publication, the public will form an opinion of him, in which the editor of the Gazette cannot escape a portion of approbrium; party spirit may palliate many follies—but it can never sanction any thing that involves the nation at large."
Miscellaneous.
COMMUNICATION.
LAW CASE.
MALLORY versus MALLORY.
This was an action of covenant, commenced and prosecuted in the county court of Hanover, wherein a decision took place on Friday the 26th ultimo, in the said court. As the case is the first that I have heard of in this country, I have thought that a short account of the circumstances for which the action was instituted, as also of the trial, would not be unacceptable to the community; under such impressions and no others is this statement offered.
The plaintiff in this suit it seems was bound while a lad by the Overseers of the poor of the said county (being a poor orphan) in pursuance of the law, to the defendant, who was a shoemaker by trade. In the covenant entered into by the overseers of the poor on behalf of the plaintiff and the defendant, the defendant stipulated to give the apprentice, so bound, and now the plaintiff in this action, a common education, and to teach him, the plaintiff, in the art and mystery of a shoemaker; and to pay him, at the expiration of his apprenticeship, twelve dollars.
The action, of which I am now about to give a short detail, was brought for a breach of the said covenant so made by the overseers of the poor, on behalf of the plaintiff and the defendant, in this to wit:
That the defendant failed to give the plaintiff the common education as stipulated in the said agreement. That instead of keeping the plaintiff at work as a shoemaker, he frequently had him in his field at work, from which he could gain no instructions in the trade, which he had undertaken and bound himself to teach the plaintiff, and lastly that eighteen months before the expiration of the plaintiff's apprenticeship, the defendant makes a transfer or sale of the plaintiff's services for a valuable consideration to a Mr. Taylor; a gentleman who neither followed the trade that the plaintiff was bound to the defendant to learn, nor knew any thing of it; the consequence of which was that the plaintiff remained eighteen months rendering services to the defendant without receiving any instructions from him by way of remuneration for services so rendered; all of which charges and breaches of the covenant, were substantiated by evidence.
The grounds of defence as set forth by the defendant were, 1st: That the education which he had stipulated to give the plaintiff was offered him, in the bosom of the defendant's own family, to wit: through the medium of the defendant's wife, who it seems was fully competent to the task; which the plaintiff refused to take from that source; saying "that he wished to go to school." 2d: That with regard to keeping the plaintiff at other vocations occasionally, instead of keeping him at work as a shoemaker (the trade he had undertaken to reach him) he thought he was justifiable in so doing; Thirdly and lastly that the sale which he made of the plaintiff's services, were with his consent; and that at the time of doing it the plaintiff was thought a better shoemaker than himself, and consequently could derive no information from the defendant—the grounds of defence as stated above were also proven.
Perhaps it would be as unjust, as it may be thought presumptuous in me, to attempt to do that justice which is due to some of the honorable Advocates who appeared in this trial; never before in any case did I ever see such a display of juvenile talents on this occasion.
The counsel for the plaintiff were Messrs. Nathaniel Pope, Junr. and Lewis Harvie, the latter of which gentlemen opened the case on the part of the plaintiff in a manner that did honor to himself and justice to his client; it was with peculiar pleasure I witnessed his energy on this occasion, which did flow with unabated rapidity, and contemplated the day as not far distant, when the talents of this young Curran will entitle him to the first place in his country's bar.
Mr. Frederick Harris on the part of the defendant replied to the able and pathetic address of Mr.
Harvie, who was followed by Mr. Dayton Randolph, who was also for the defendant; who in a speech of ordinary length, showed an ingenuity in the management of the cause of his client, and displayed a power of eloquence that I never until this day witnessed the equal of in a court of justice.
The replication on the part of the plaintiff was made by Nathaniel Pope, Junr. esquire; who, with his usual eloquence and discernment, performed that task with a degree of dignity that highly became him.
The jury retired, but could not agree in their verdict; a juror was at length withdrawn, and the case by consent of the parties referred to two of the members of the court who presided on the trial; who awarded twenty pounds damages to the plaintiff and costs of suit.
Ch Enquirer.
RICHMOND, 9th AUGUST, 1805.
TOUR TO THE WEST, NO II.
That part of America, which lies to the west of the United States, presents us with two different branches of commerce: that, which we may carry on with the coasts of the Pacific Ocean, and that which we may find in the interior territory that lies between us and the coast. These will furnish different articles of traffic; and they will probably point out different routes to the enterprising trader.
In all probability, the present tour of discovery is designed by a sagacious administration to extend the one, to establish the other, and to place both upon a systematic and certain foundation.
TRADE TO THE PACIFIC.—Many years have elapsed since the New-England States formed a communication with the western coast of America, and entitled themselves to that distinguished compliment for their intrepidity and skill which Mr. Burke paid them in the year 1775. "No sea (exclaimed that orator) but what is vexed by their fisheries. No climate that is not witness to their toils. Neither the perseverance of Holland, nor the activity of France, nor the dexterous and firm facility of English enterprise, ever carried this most perilous mode of hard industry to the extent to which it has been pushed by this recent people; a people who are fill, as it were, but in the gristle, and not yet hardened into the bone of manhood." What is here said of their fisheries may be also extended to their commerce with the natives. If any merit is to be acquired by plunging amidst the ice of the north, and encountering the monstrous tenants of the ocean, not less is due to them for establishing a new perilous intercourse with the savage inhabitants of the land, and exchanging with them the mutual produce of their industry.
This trade has hitherto been confined to one important branch. We must not look among such savage nations for the rich productions of the arts: for the diversified produce of the soil, nor for those articles which a foreign carrying trade will frequently supply a nation with, which has neither arts nor land of its own. All that we can seek among them is the spontaneous produce of nature, acquired without much knowledge and manufactured without much labour. From such nations we may expect to receive the hides of the animals which they have killed for food, or the furs of such as they have taken in the chase for the purposes of clothing. When the Spaniards first visited Peru, they found a vast field of commerce in the first; and it is the last which has prompted the natives of N. England to prosecute an intercourse with the coasts of the Pacific.
The furs obtained among them are those of the sea-otter, racoon, pine-martin, land beaver, carless mammoth &c. These are obtained in exchange for articles of no great value to our merchants, such as pieces of iron, nails, beads, penknives and other trifling trinkets. Their return cargoes are not conveyed to the United States, but to China, where they are sold and vested in Tea and other articles of the east. What has been the immense profit of this trade will appear from the following statement of vessels that had visited China from the N. W. coast down to Feb. 1782, with the number of their furs and the estimate of their value:
   Vessels. Names Capt's Tons No. of furs Sold for Value of furs obtained     Brig - Hanna, 60 1785 580 20,600   Ditto - ibid. ibid. 400 8,000   Snow Capt Cook Lowie, 300 1786 600 24,000   Snow Exper. Gulfo, 100 1786 357 14,242   - Nootka. Mears 1786 937 30,000   - Lup. Eagle, Berkleys, 1700 Skins imported by the Spaniards, unvalued   Skin Peyrouse, 54,837   Skin De Langle,   Morse's Am. Geo. vol. 1. p. 100  
It requires little sagacity to foresee that such an immense profit must inevitably draw a greater number of nations, and more vessels from each, into this trade; that their increasing competition will gradually augment the avidity of the natives; that European commodities will grow into less, and their peltry into greater value; and that, in fine, this lucrative branch of trade, may from this cause alone be expected to become less so at every season. Still other causes should be recollected, which may counterbalance this effect. As yet a comparatively small dip of the coast only has been visited, by the enterprising trader, and scarcely a single river has been explored even at its mouth. Whoever would form an idea of the treasures of this commerce must place before him the vast extent of coast which stretches from the Straits of Behring to the mouth of the Columbia, with all the sounds and islands which lie within that compass; he must place before him the innumerable streams in all their windings and ramifications which empty into that sea; he must view the vast extent of country not washed by these rivers, but so contiguous to their banks, as to invite the natives to approach them, when they once presented the vessels of the trader and the means of traffic. He must recollect too, how much even of the present trade is lost by the want of established settlements, and constant, known methods of buying and selling. How much is left behind by the trader who touches at a place for the acquisition of furs, and waits no longer than whilst its immediate or contiguous inhabitants shall have collected together what accident and care may have preserved from destruction. Let the time once arrive, when the Americans shall establish a fort and a colony at the mouth of the Columbia river; when instead of occasionally touching at the coast, they shall open a market ready at all seasons of the year for the reception of Indian peltries; when they shall even send their canoes and smaller vessels up the river to collect the produce of Indian toil; then will the industry of the natives be stimulated by their interest; the chase will be more eagerly pursued; deeper forests will be ransacked in search of game; and though individual profit may be lessened by the increased competition, the profits of the whole trade will be incalculably augmented.
But will it be the enlightened policy of our country at this stage of its history to make colonial establishments, so remotely situated from its capital? Grant even that the mouth of the Columbia river or the whole northern coast of the Pacific is indubitably ours, either by right of first settlement or because we have gained it as a part of Louisiana, should we find it to be our real interest to establish a colony so far from home? It is probable, that the Europeans have already carried this scheme of distant colonization too far; and that by imitating their policy, we should be exposed to their misfortunes. We have land enough already for the cultivation of the richest productions; why should we divide our population & capital by the erection of new forts or the establishment of Colonies? We have already enough of the elements of war with the nations of Europe; why then should we still further extend them by making a settlement and monopolizing a trade, which they are all anxious to acquire; which they will be at all times disposed to interrupt. Recollected that in 1780 a war between Spain and Great Britain about the right of trading to Nootka Sound was on the very eve of being declared; then let us decide whether the profits of the fur trade could ever compensate for the calamities of such a contest. There is one view of this subject however which seems to put to flight all such specious reasonings. It might have been erroneous policy for the English or the Spaniards to have aspired to such distant establishments on the Pacific; but with us the case is different. We must act from the policy of necessity: They acted from the policy of commerce. If we do not establish a force at the mouth of the Columbia, will it not soon be the object of some European nation to obtain a foothold for themselves? Then, who can say, how far their ambition may extend; what extensive purchases of soil they may make from the natives of the interior country; how widely they may conciliate their attachment and obtain their support; how pertinaciously they may resist our extending improvements in Louisiana; what annoyance and interruption they may offer to our own trade with the natives of the interior and to the settlement of our acquired territory?
But have we the right to make such an establishment? Or on what principle do we claim the sovereignty of the Columbia river? It must either be because we were the first discoverers of that country, or because it is embraced within the North Western and the Northern limits of Louisiana. If we claim it on the first ground, we shall come into competition with the Russians, the Spaniards and the English; each of whom, particularly the former, pretend that they were the first to visit and take possession of the coast. But these pretensions will offer no bar to the claims of the American navigators, if we may repose any confidence in the representations of Mr. Crowninshield. How far the discoveries of our navigators extended up the river; or whether Vancouver was the first European, who ascended it towards its mouth, and McKenzie was the first who visited it towards its source; or whether even if these facts be admitted, they are sufficient to make out a claim of sovereignty to the river itself or whether this claim is not anticipated and absorbed by our right to the sovereignty of the Coast, which receives that river, we shall leave it to more experienced and learned politicians to decide. To them also we shall leave the interesting question whether the western boundary of Louisiana extends to the Pacific ocean.
But whatever may be the sound suggestions of policy on this important subject, the tour of Messrs. Clark and Lewis to the west will not fail to give them their effect. Should we determine to establish there a colony and a line of forts, they will explore the proper situations; they will ascertain the force necessary to protect them; they will see how much peltry or produce it may be possible to collect, and the expenses of collecting. Should we confine ourselves as we do now to a defactory trade with the natives, they will determine the practicability and profit of extending our adventures up the river & they will determine the most effectual modes of carrying on a traffic. They may at all events conciliate the esteem & confidence of the natives, and bring them acquainted with a nation who at some future time may demand their alliance or neutrality.
A new route for carrying on this branch of trade is here suggested for our consideration. We have hitherto taken it for granted that there was but one way for carrying it on; and that was, by the sea. Is it too romantic however to suppose, when an interior communication across the continent is established and kept up by a line of forts and the friendship of the natives, that we may receive even the peltry of the sea-coast through the rivers and portages of the continent? What the Russians have done in Europe, why may we not accomplish here? It would be ridiculous to assert in a dogmatic spirit that such a mode of transportation would be found less expensive and certain than our present route; but it is commendable to enquire whether the present state of our discoveries will warrant us in positively deciding against it. If McKenzie could expatiate in the language of a prophetic enthusiasm upon the advantages of "connecting together the Atlantic and the Pacific Oceans through the north of the continent and forming regular establishments through the interior," if he could even recommend two routes to the Hudson's Bay or the N. west companies; either the navigation of the Peace, the Elk and the Churchill rivers into Hudson's Bay; or the navigation of the Saskatchewan, Winnipeg Lake, and Nelson's river into the same Bay; why may we not point out the Mississippi and the Mississippi as the means of a commercial communication with the waters of the west?
See page 1.
JAMES ELLIOTT.
At last this doughty hero of the quill has appeared in colours more properly his own. In the act of composing his elaborate letters to his constituents, there was a something eternally pressing down the habitual bent of his disposition. Whilst addressing so large a body of men, as his letters might possibly reach, it was sometimes necessary for the author to lose sight of himself! Whilst expatiating upon great principles, it would have betrayed too much the habitual egotism of his temper, had he eternally intruded his own image upon the reader. But here we have been almost at full length and in his proper colours. Every thing is full of himself. In the warmth of confidential intercourse, his reflections flow freely from his bosom; and all his reflections are tinged with the ruling passions of his life.
The theory of James Elliott's political conduct is uncommonly simple. Ignorance of the world rendered him suspicious of others. His disappointed ambition made him the jealous rival of John Randolph of Virginia. From the moment of forming his pedantic speech in reply to the equally pedantic Purvis, to the present time, he has proved himself the slave of the first. From that moment when
the eloquence of the young Virginian disappointed his ridiculous expectations of leading the republican party in congress, he became the unfortunate victim of the last. Almost every speech which he delivered, betrayed these feelings. They abound every where in his private correspondence.
"What popularity (he asks) could he have in view in opposing a measure almost universally unpopular!" What popularity (we ask) could he gain by supporting it? Or what might fame could the talents of such a man gain by the supporting of any measure whatever? There are some men indeed adorned by no brilliant talents, who by a long and persevering course of services, may ultimately command the respect of their country. Every day may add a little to the heap of cranes until the column almost touches the skies. But Mr. Elliott was not one of those patient devotees of fame. He must burst at once into the full blaze of popularity; or he must sink into intromission and his principles must sink with him. It was from this wounded love of popularity; it was not because he was indifferent to the laurel, but because he could not finish it by hon. means, that Mr. Elliott became the tool of a disappointed ambition. May we not add too, that Mr. Elliott found in the meretricious prates of the federal party, some partial gratification of his wounded desire for popularity?
"Virginia & Mr. Randolph are attempting to rule the H. of R. and the nation by violence." When Pierce Butler came forth upon the secret plots of the large states; and the cry then was that Virginia was attempting to rule by cacus & intrigue . How flagrantly do these repentant gentlemen differ! Instead of acting by a cacus , Mr. E. represents us as ruling by violence . Who shall decide when statesmen like these disagree? But what evidence has Mr. E. of the defensive one? At least none does he produce. He declares indeed that it is "almost the unanimous voice of the northern republicans." Curious indeed that this is the very first time that this voice has been heard, and that James Elliott should be the oracle to declare it! Let the reader compare the dates of this and the following letters, and he will at once discover the transfusion of these fears and the suspicious disposition of their author. At that very moment alarmed by the "fatal moves" of a Virginian it was no wonder that his imagination should conjure up unthought of schemes of violence, and that in the energy of his apprehension he should attribute designs to his opponent which he had never formed, and a character to his fate, which it never deserved!
"The difficulty has been acknowledged, Mr. R. having denied any knowledge of the letter in question". Would not the reader infer that had not Mr. R. denied any knowledge of the letter, that this difficulty would not have been accommodated by Mr. E.? Now mark! what a plain tale can put this man down? Upon receiving this anonymous letter, Mr. E. wrote to Mr. R. enquiring whether he was the author of such a letter. Mr. Randolph indignant, that an insinuation should be made against him, which no man of a gallant spirit would have deserved or would have indulged, refused to answer Mr. E.'s letter. On the next day he charged to meet him in congress, and required him to step into the adjoining room. What then did Mr. Elliott? With a faltering attitude he retracted. He is as afraid to meet his antagonist another room and alone. Without waiting for an explanation, he declared he was satisfied Mr. R. was not the author of the letter. Mr. R. then denied his information; but requested that Mr. E. would permit him to see it, "Excuse me" said this conscientious statesman or intord to that effect. It places me in too ridiculous a point of view, form to exhibit it to others."
These insinuations upon Mr. Elliott (and to what length might they not be extended?) are not made through any extraordinary regard for the opinions of Mr. Elliott. He occupies that unfortunate station which neither entitles a man to the credit due to abilities, nor relieves him from the contempt incident to apocrypha. Without being respected by either party, he has made himself an object of attention to both. By neither has he looked upon the light of a candid commentator, but as a humble historian not as a counsellor, but as a witness; not as a man whose conclusions are entitled to respect, but as a man who comes forth merely to exhibit facts. It is in this point of view only we with to prove that he is unworthy of credit. The federalists pretend to consider him in the character of a state's evidence, as a man who is betraying the conspiracies of his republican associates; as a man, who shrunk with indignation from their schemes, and is now atoning for the errors of his life by a repentant confession. We hold him forth as a man who was at no time a genuine republican; as one who was "an impostor or an apologist, who has deserted good principles or who never had any;" as one, whose opinions have been founded by his feelings, and whose feelings have been produced by ranking jealousy and undignified suspicion. For the full confirmation of these opinions, we appeal to his present letters!
The sale of land, advertised by Mr. Elihu Price in the 1st column 1st page of this day's paper, will take place on the 20th instead of the 17th inst. August 9.
FOR NORFOLK & PHILADELPHIA.
The fast sailing and well accommodated ship, CHARMING MARY, Norfolk and Richmond packet, CHARLES POTTER, master, will positively sail on Saturday next. The amount of a hundred lbs. or any other article to that amount, can be taken for freight or passage. Apply to the Capt. on board, or to Wm. BRYAN, Ship Broker and Commission Merchant, at Rockets. August 9. (14.)
A GOOD SAWYER.
TO BE HIRED, from the present time until Christmas next. Enquire of the Printer. August 9. (epit)
NOTICE.
All persons having claims against the estate of Thomas Bowles, dec'd. are requested to bring them properly proved, in order that provision may be made for payment; and those indebted to the said estate are earnestly requested to make immediate payment to the subscriber, as I wish a settlement of the said estate to take place on Tuesday the first day of October next. Be it remembered that those who do not bring in their claims against the said estate on or before the above date, I shall not pay any claims after that time, and this notice will be plead in bar. JEMIMA BOWLES, Administrator of Thos. Bowls, dec'd. Hanover, August 9. (epit)
AS I find considerable leisure in my time, which I wish to devote to the most useful purposes, I shall be glad to take upon myself the TUITION of ten or twelve young gentlemen, from nine to twelve years old, in the principles of the Latin Grammar, Geography, & of the Globes, History, writing and Arithmetic. The terms will be moderate, and their greatest care and attention shall be paid to their morals. JOHN HEATH, August 9. (8.)

COPIES OF LETTERS FROM JAMES ELLIOTT, PUBLISHED IN THE AURORA.
(No. 1.)
Washington, January 23, 1804.
Sir—Your letter is received. As I am always willing to receive good advice, your observations on my style of speaking are not unacceptable; but in my political conduct I must be dictated by my conscience alone.
I have no idea that my constituents wish to be represented by a humble slave of the proud, passionate, and aristocratic Mr. Randolph, or a fellow labourer of those whose labours tend to disorganize the constitution, and place the small states at the feet of the large ones, and both large and small at the feet of Virginia. On this subject I believe there is great union of sentiment among the Vermont delegation, both senators and representatives, at any rate, I believe I know the sentiments and feelings of all but Judge Olin. I with this communicated to those, who accuse me of "training at a gnateat and swallowing a camel." If there be any base enough to accuse me of "a direction of principle, and a temporizing policy for the sake of popularity," I ought in justice to myself to offer them nothing but the homage of my high contempt. But I have the "vanity" to add the remark that every action of my life contradicts the unmanly insinuation. Besides, let me enquire what popularity I had in view, as it was supposed in opposing a measure almost universally popular. But I cannot think any respectable man has accused me of political dishonesty. Your correspondence will at all times be agreeable, and believe me
Sir, very respectfully, Your most obedient servant, JAMES ELLIOTT.
(No. 2.)
Washington, Feb. 13, 1804.
DEAR SIR—Yours of the 3d inst. is received. On the subject of the American "Chancellor of the Exchequer" the peculiar favourite of the president and heads of department, and ostensible leader of the republicans in Congress, you shall have ample satisfaction.
It is now almost the unanimous voice of the northern republicans that Virginia and Mr. Randolph are attempting to rule the house of representatives and the nation by violence. On the subject of the extinguishment of the state balances, every member from N. England, Judge Olin excepted, unite in opposition to the measure. On most questions the northern representatives, republicans and federalists, vote together: Judge Olin will as frequently, in opposition to the salary bill for instance. The consequence of this schism among republicans is that measures are frequently carried against the prime minister by small majorities, on all which occasions and many others, he abuses the speaker and the house in a most infamous manner. In many of his speeches he tells the house that their proceedings are disorderly. The other day he told the house they were under the influence of Mr. Griswold, and used much indecent language with respect to a coalition between Mr. Griswold and Mr. Lyon, whom he represented as the leader of the party opposed to himself. A personal rencounter of a most serious nature has taken place between Mr. R. & Mr. Alston, which will probably end in a duel; there must also be a duel between him and Mr. Hampton, whom he abused in debate. Mr. R. is famous in that way, and it is said performed deeds of fatal prowess before he came to Congress. Anonymous letters replete with invective and threats are delivered to some of the republican members. I have received one, in a style of an assassin, and it is evidently in the hand writing of Mr. R. very awkwardly disguised. I every day publicly declare it to be his production, and have demanded of him an explanation, which if he does not give, I shall make a statement of the business to the house, and perhaps move his expulsion. I am in fear of— I dare not say what—you will hear more soon. Virginia is undoubtedly purely republican. My God! What republicanism! Nearly one half of the people in a state of mental and four fifths of the remainder in civil slavery! One man in four or five an elector. My blood chills—I tremble for my country! I know—yes—know that deep laid plans exist against the constitution of the union.
I care not how extensively this information is diffused if it is kept out of the newspapers. We have sixty or seventy orders of the day, & scarcely a question is taken without several day's debate. If the session be not made permanent, it will not be that business is wanting.
Your sincere friend, JAMES ELLIOTT.
(No. 3.)
Washington, Feb. 15, 1804.
DEAR SIR—Messrs. Randolph and Alston have been arrested and bound to keep the peace within this district: the injury Mr. Alston received, was however of so atrocious a nature, that there must be a duel. Mr. Hampton, asserted to disturb the councils of the nation, will, it is said, suspend his challenge till the end of the session. The difficulty between Mr. Randolph and myself has been accompanied by the intervention of Messrs. Bryan and Nicholson, Mr. R. having denied any knowledge of the letter in question.
Yours, JAMES ELLIOTT.
(No. 4.)
Washington, Feb. 27, 1804.
Sir—I enclose you a set of revolutionary resolutions by Mr. R. the great inquisitor and censor, and not only of the judicial department, but of the state governments. In the opinion of many republicans, they tend to the destruction of state sovereignty.
The great principle involved in these resolutions, has already been decided against Mr. R. by 62 votes to 56. But he is too good a republican to submit to a majority. Only one member from New-England votes with him on this question.
Yours, J. ELLIOTT.
P. S. These resolutions involve also an open violation of the plighted faith of the nation—by the convention between the U. S. and Georgia, by which we became possessed of the Mississippi territory, the U. S. are pledged to appropriate 5 millions of acres to satisfy the very claims which Mr. R. lays we must resolve not to satisfy.
(No. 5.)
Washington, March 9, 1805.
Sir—The bill for ratifying the Georgia claims has passed in committee of the whole by a majority of eleven, & the future of this revolutionary election, was rejected in the same committee, by the same majority. The resolutions are still before the house, but I shall delay their postponement or total rejection. Mr. R. is
more furious than ever, and has poured the full vial of his wrath upon Col. Lyon and myself—he called us "the Bear of the Arctic and Lion of the torrid zone." He threatens to resign the dictatorship. Several alterations which to my knowledge have been proposed in the constitution, calculated to destroy the remaining weight of the small states, will now be kept back for a season.
From present appearances I shall not vote for the impeachment of Judge Chase—but we have not all the testimony. I am a friend to the independence of the judges, but a greater friend to the rights of the people.
Yours, JAS. ELLIOTT.
(No. 6.)
Washington, March 12, 1804.
Sir—The revolutionary resolutions have been postponed to the next session, except the first and second which were abstract propositions. Colonel Lyon created much admiration by a very able speech against the resolutions.
Yours, JAMES ELLIOTT.
(No. 7.)
Washington, March 14, 1805.
Sir—I imagine that the republicans in your quarter will not find much fault with my speech in favor of the impeachment of Judge Chase. I shall be obliged however to vote in the negative ultimately as the question will be taken upon several articles to all of which but one—I am opposed.
If I have sometimes "failed in arrangements," it may be imputed to this, that contrary to the practice of all other speakers I always trust for manner as well as matter, to my extemporaneous powers. I have never used a single note, or commit to paper a single word of my speeches before delivery.
Yours, JAMES ELLIOTT.
(No. 8.)
Washington, March 17, 1805.
DEAR SIR—Of Col. Lyon's "plans" I know nothing—I will tell you the truth but not the whole truth about certain "designs against the constitution." Perhaps it is wrong to call them designs; most of those, who entertain those views are honest; they believe we have reached the age of political perfectibility.
1. To carry the election of president to the people. How will this affect the small states? Take Vermont and Pennsylvania: Vermont gives six electoral votes; Pennsylvania 20. Carry the election to the people and the weight of Vermont relatively to Pennsylvania is but a fraction more than as 4 to 19. 2. Reduce the period for which senators are elected to 2 years. How will this affect the small states? It will render the more tools of the large states. Something of this kind is already discoverable. A republican of distinction has been heard to say that Virginia might as well fend 4 senators and Rhode Island none as for each to fend two. 3. Limit the office of a judge to five years. This needs no comment.
I shall always be devoted to the cause of liberty: but I am decidedly of opinion that the union of the vast territory and heterogeneous population of our country cannot be preferred under a system less energetic than the present constitution. The moment when we have added a world to our empire is a very improper one to seize for the purpose of rendering our government almost a perfect democracy. Yet such views are entertained by our southern and Pennsylvania brethren.
The nomination of gov. Clinton was made in secret conclave by four or five members a great while ago. It is a part of the well known Virginia plan always to give us a president from that state.
Col. Burr, has many respectable friends in both houses, but it was necessary to set him aside for the present. Virginia commanded it and it was done.
I am sir, very respectfully, Your friend and humble servant, JAS. ELLIOTT.
P. S. Both Judge Olin and myself have experienced much difficulty in voting for the impeachment of Judge Chase—We shall probably be obliged to vote against the articles, as they will charge him with ten times too much.
Yours, J. E.
(No. 9.)
Washington, March 19, 1804.
Sir—In my last I intimated that the Rhode Island senators were considered as devoted to the views of Virginia. I meant no imputation on the character of those gentlemen, they are upright: and their coincidence with Virginia perhaps merely accidental.
It is certain, however, that there are many modes of republican influence and intrigue, of which none but those, who have like us "a view of the whole ground" can form an adequate idea.
Yours, JAS. ELLIOTT.
(No. 10.)
Washington, Nov. 15, 1804.
Sir—Your notice of the election of electors was very acceptable. Mr. Noyes is indebted to my activity and influence in Gilford for his elevation to public life, and he knows it very well. Mr. Sheperd is similarly circumstanced. These gentlemen are among my bitterest persecutors. "Rather forgive them, forgive them, for they know not what they do." They are poor and want offices, I am poor also, but I will never sacrifice either principle or friends for the "loaves and fishes." I shall live and die an unadulterating friend to the rights of mankind. Ingratitude may affect my sensibility, but it cannot make me a villain.
Your friend and humble servant, JAMES ELLIOTT.
(No. 11.)
Washington, February 3, 1805.
DEAR SIR—Again it is the union of honest men triumphant. The acquittal of the supreme court in Pennsylvania is the forebinger of the downfall of Duane, and Jacobinism in that state. Had the Judges been condemned, articles of impeachment against gov. McKean himself were already cut and dried for immediate use.
After the most feigned and disgraceful congressional debate ever known of four days duration on the Georgia claims, the friends of corrupt principles have prevailed. by a small majority, in the fullest house we have had this session—aye 63—no 58. Mr. Randolph has delivered several philippics more violent than those of R. before in the bloody time of France. In return he has been called by republican speakers,
an ape, a monkey, a slanderer, a calumniator, a madman, an ambitious popular leader, a despotic demagogue, a popular tyrant, &c. &c. He has accused the postmaster general of crimes and misdemeanors, and that officer has demanded an enquiry into his conduct. I shall move to confine the enquiry to the charges exhibited to Mr. Randolph, for I have ascertained that if it should go to his whole official conduct, federalists will unite with the violent republicans, upon the question, and he will most assuredly be condemned. My speech which will soon be published, exhibits a clearer view of the Georgia business than has before appeared. Col. Lyon observed in his speech that he was "grateful to his God for having given him the face of a man and not that of an ape or a monkey." (Randolph had called him a jackass) and that "the head of the gentleman from Virginia was fuller of political projects than Don Quixote's was of wind mills, castles, Dulcineas and all the pomp of knight errantry." General Staunton of Rhode Island said his vote would not be influenced by the "wheedling of sycophants, or the frown of tyrants." The northern members are treated by the junto with the most superlative degree of contempt and insult, both in and out of doors.
I am sir, with respect and esteem, Your most obedient servant, JAMES ELLIOTT.
(No. 12.)
Washington, Feb. 23, 1805.
DEAR SIR—We have this moment killed Duane. We have taken his exclusive right as printer and stationer to the government, and decreed it to the lowest bidder, whatever may be his politics. Every New England member voted for the resolution.
A new daily moderate republican paper is soon to commence at Baltimore. There are already between 6 and 700 subscribers, the two first of whom are Thomas Jefferson and Robert Smith.
Ever yours, JAMES ELLIOTT.
FOR SALE,
THAT valuable TRACT OF LAND, in the county of King & Queen, late the property of Wm. Campbell, dec'd, called the Taylor's Bridge Tract; containing about four hundred acres, a large proportion of which is rich low ground, abundantly stocked with good timber, and well adapted to the cultivation of grain. It will be sold on the premises, on the fifth of September, if fair, if not, the next fair day, and may be divided to accommodate purchasers, on a credit of six, twelve, and eighteen months. Bonds with approved security, to bear interest from the date, if not punctually paid, together with alien on the land, will be required.
WM. & WILY CAMPBELL, Exrs. King & Queen, July 12. (eF3w.)
WILLIAMSBURG HUSTINGS COURT, May 27th, 1805.
ORDERED that notice be given for four weeks in the Enquirer, printed in Richmond; That this court will on the fourth Monday in July next, proceed to the settlement and distribution of the estate of John Ferguson, deceased, committed to the hands of Philip Moody late Sergeant of this City for administration.
A Copy, Test, WILLIAM RUSSELL, c. c. Williamsburg, June 26. (eF4w.)
By virtue of a decree of the county court of Essex, to be held at Loyd's, in the said county on the 29th day of August next, if fair, if not, the next fair day, the tract of LAND now in the possession of City, Molly and William Loyd, which was the property of the late Thomas Loyd, and lying in the Parish of St. Ann and said county, to satisfy Archibald McCall the monies decreed to him thereby.
W. FISHER, } Commissioners. JOHN JONES. } Essex, July 12. (eF5w.)
TO BE LET.
GENTEELE apartments, between the Basin and Main-street, suitable for a commission merchant or professional gentleman—respectable school or any other purpose, where a central situation and unobstructed light and air are requisite—Enquire of Hart and Southgate, grocers, opposite the scale house, July 23. 1w4w.
In Henrico County Court, July 18, 1805.
IN CHANCERY.
Fortunatus Sydnor, Compt'.
Against Jesse Smith, Robert Sydnor & William Garland Sydnor, Defts.
THIS day came the complainant by his counsel, and the defendants, Robert and William Garland Sydnor, not having entered their appearance, and given security according to the Act of Assembly, in such case made and provided and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court, that they are not inhabitants of this Commonwealth. On the motion of the complainant by his counsel aforesaid; it is ordered that the said defendants do appear here on the first Monday in October next, and answer the bill of the said complainant, and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in one of the newspapers published in the city of Richmond, for two months successively, and posted at the Court-house door, of this county.
Teste, ADAM CRAIG, c. c. (I.F.F.)
July 19. (eF 2m.)
ADVERTISEMENTS.
A RICHMOND BANK NOTE of 100 dol. was deposited with me by George C. Carter for safe keeping; this Note was taken from the possession of a slave in this place, who was unacquainted with its real value, and it is presumed he acquired it improperly. Any person who will describe the Note properly, or afford evidence of his ownership, shall receive it upon application; otherwise, the Note will be delivered to the owner of the slave from whom it was taken.
J. C. BROWN. Manchester, July 30. (F3L)
ABSCONDED,
The second time, in the month of February: JACK, formerly known by the name of Jack Ash. He is upwards of 50 years of age, a gardner by profession, rather under the middle size. He was purchased of Lewis Burwell's estate in January 1804. He is well known in and about the city of Richmond. Anshell, in the county of Chesterfield, where he has a number of free connections, and in the neighbourhood of Williamsburg. It is very certain that he is lurking about one of the above places, most likely Richmond, where he has a free woman for a wife. Mr. William Roffe is authorised to give a reward of THIRTY DOLLARS on delivery of the above Jack Ash to him. May 31. [Pdl]
FOR SALE—BY THE SUBSCRIBER:
OAF SUGAR, by the bbl. bbl. or single load, direct from Pennington's Manufactory, Philadelphia: SOAP and UPPER LEATHER, on moderate terms. 6th mo. 11th, '05. MICAH JAH DAVIS. (eTtl)
A TRACT OF LAND.
JOHN GUMPER, wishes to sell a tract of land consisting of 950 acres, lying within half a mile of Charlottesville. Any person wishing to purchase, may see the land, and know the terms by applying to him in that place. June 1. (1w 3w.)
ELLIS GALAN, HAVE JUST RECEIVED, PER THE SHIP MARY, FROM LIVERPOOL:
FOUR hundred Sacks of SALT, Liverpool filled.—Also, a few dozen BALLS SHOVELS and SPADES, which, with a number of articles in the hardware line, renders their assortment pretty general. August 2. (1w 4w.)
FRESH CASTOR OIL, of a superior quality formerly sold by Doctor John Cringan. Those wishing to purchase, may be furnished by applying to Charles Barret, at Mr. Robert Bell's, fadler. August 2. (1w 2c.)
JUST RECEIVED,
AND FOR SALE BY THE SUBSCRIBER, FOUR hundred pieces House Paper, Philadelphia Beer by the barrel, a small quantity of first quality New-England Chees; also 400 barrels Corn. EDWARD HALLAM.
ALSO—5000 wt. SALT PETER & BACON; and a constant supply of FRESH CORN MEAL. June 18. (ep) 12t
LAND—FOR SALE,
IN the county of Lunenburg, lying within one mile of the Court-house, on Conche's creek; this tract contains seven hundred and fifty acres, one hundred and fifty of which is cleared; comfortably improved for the accommodation of a family. This land is well suited to the cultivation of Tobacco, Corn and Wheat.
A great bargain may be had in this land. The terms may be made known, by application to Major Grief Green, of Norrway, who is duly authorised to dispose of it, or the subscriber living on the premises. JOSEPH SMITH. Lunenburg, August 2. (ep 1f.)
NEAL NELSON,
BOOT & SHOE MANUFACTURER, MAIN-STREET, RICHMOND,
MAKES Boots & Shoes to any pattern or fashion, equal in point of MATERIALS and WORKMANSHIP to any in general use.
Imported Boots and Shoes, of the first quality and newest fashion, for sale.
Gentlemen at a distance, who are disposed to forward me their measure, by paying attention to the annexed cut, can be fitted with Boots or Shoes as well as if they were on the spot. A—the length of the Boot. C—round the Calf. B—the pitch of ditto. D—round the heel and instep. E—round the instep. G—across the ball of the foot. F—the heel against a perpendicular, and stick a knife at the end of the great toe—set down in figures the number of inches and quarters, in the different measures. January 1. ep 1f
VALUABLE COAL LANDS,
To be let upon a lease for years.
THE Coal Lands at Dover in the county of Goochland, joining Doctor John Adams's coal pits and Mr. Graham's, belonging to the subscribers. The situation is uncommonly advantageous for coal works. The distance from Manchester town ferry, on James river, about 200 yards—the slope so advantageous as to render it extremely easy to construct wagon ways for transporting the coals to the river at little or no expense. There is a very fine landing on the river bank, belonging to the estates, for depositing the coals, from whence they can be conveyed into the boats by a wooden trunk, with great expedition and ease. The situation is such as to enable the coal-master to carry on the works for many years without interruption from subterraneous water so troublesome and expensive at coal pits. The body of coal is considered very abundant, and not in the smallest degree exhausted, as there has been only one small shaft made on the edge of the land, and works so far as to prove the excellent quality of the coals and the ease with which they may be raised. We will attach to the colliery a SMALL FARM, if required, within one mile, with useful improvements. For further information apply to the subscribers at the city of Richmond.
DAVID ROSS, JAMES CURRIE. (4w.)
July 19.
HOUSE AND LOT—FOR SALE.
THE subscribers offer for sale, the House and Lot, in the neighbourhood of Mr. McCall's, and Lieut. Underwood, on the Hill, which they lately purchased of Mr. John S. Moore, in which a bargain may be had. This lot has just been newly inclosed, and all the buildings on fishing of a dwelling house with two good rooms and a passage below, and 3 rooms and an entry above, a good cellar for cooking, and a leek room adjoining, a kitchen and smoke-house, have undergone a complete repair, and are fit for the accommodation of a gentle family.
The terms of sale—one third in six months, another third in 12 months, and the balance in 18 months. Bonds with approved security, with a deed of trust on the property, to secure a punctual payment of the instalments as they become due, will be required.
If it is not sold, any person inclined to rent, may be accommodated. N. B. & J. SHEPPARD.
Approved bonds or notes due or to become due from persons residing in Richmond or Henrico, will be taken in payment for the above property, should any person prefer that way of purchasing to the above. July 19. tf
IN pursuance of an act of the General Assembly of this commonwealth, entitled, an act authorizing the appointment of a mathematical surveyor of the city of Richmond, and for other purposes, passed the eighth day of January, 1805.
PUBLIC NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, that in virtue of a writ of ad quod damnum issued from the court of the county of Henrico, and to me directed, I shall on the 13th day of August next, with a jury, meet on the lands through which the common council of the city of Richmond, propose to extend the cross street of said city to James river, to connect that part of the town lying on the east side of Shockoe creek, with that on the west side thereof, by a continuation of the several streets already laid out across the said creek till their junction with each other; and to lay out and extend the way now used as a street from the northern boundary of the city of Richmond, to run by Tate's tan-yard to the market-house, and from thence continued along Robert Mitchell's Tenement to the river, and extend the street from the old flour factory near the margin of the river to Rockets landing as the same is now used—and then and there to view the lands and carry into effect the said writ of ad quod damnum.
N. SHEPPARD, Deputy for William Mayo. July 19. 15A.
THE SUBSCRIBER
Has lately received from Philadelphia: A HANDSOME assortment of TEA CHINA, in full and broken sets; Cut and Plain Glass Ware assorted, and a great variety of Liverpool plain, painted, printed and China glazed Ware, which may be purchased by the crate, also in small assortments made up to suit retailers. He has also this day received an consignment from Norfolk: Brown Sugar, of good quality, in hds. and bbls. Which he will sell reasonably for cash or negotiable notes, at 60 days.
He continues to keep a general assortment of GROceries of the best quality for retailers, and has on hand Antigua, W. India and N. E. Rum, by the bbl. Cognac and Apple Brandy, by the pipe and barrels, Spanish Segars by the box, and Cheshire Cheeses of good quality, by the pound. DANIEL TRIPLETT. July 19. —ep 2w.
BENJAMIN DUVAL, AT THE SIGN OF THE GOLDEN MORTAR, RICHMOND,
HAS just received a very large and extensive assortment of fresh MEDICINES, SURGEON'S INSTRUMENTS, DRUGS and DYE-STUFFS, PAINTS of all kinds, OIL, VARNISHES, PUTTY, &c.
Also a complete assortment of HATTERS' MATERIALS,
CONSISTING OF Hatters' Irons | Crude Tartar Logwood | Bafon Irons Coppers | Bow-Strings Virdegreafe | Linings Fustick | Galons Spanish Indigo | Taffet Bands Oil of Vitriol | Rubbing Dishes Ag. Fortis | Stampers Quickilver | Trenchers, &c.
Which added to his former stock, completes an assortment that was never equalled in his line of business, in this city.
He thanks his customers for past favors, and hopes to merit a continuation of their custom. His former attention to the quality of his Medicines, importing them in their crude state, that he might be able to judge of their quality, and powdering, and preparing them under his immediate inspection, have contributed to his present establishment; and opposition he presumes will not relax his exertions to give general satisfaction in future.
His experience for more than 12 years past, as Apothecary and Druggist in this city, added to a small stock of Medical Information acquired before, enables him, he thinks, to form a tolerably correct judgment as to the quality of Drugs and Medicines, although he cannot boast of honors conferred on him, greater than the confidence of numerous and respectable customers.
In regard to his wholesale prices, he promises to furnish each of his wholesale customers with a printed price current, as soon as possible, and feels himself confident in their approbation, knowing that no one in this state can afford to under-sell him. This he intends to do not to get others' customers from them, but to secure his own.
Any articles that may be ordered, and not approved of as to quality, may be returned if in good order, and in a reasonable time. June 7. (3w & 1f)
NOTICE.