The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1804-07-28 00:00:00

THE ENQUIRER.
RICHMOND, (Virginia) PUBLISHED BY RITCHIE & WORSLEY, OPPOSITE THE POST OFFICE... AT FOUR DOLLARS PER ANNUM... payable in advance.
NUMBER 24.]
SATURDAY MORNING, JULY 23, 1804.
[VOLUME 1.]
CONDITIONS.
 I. The ENQUIRER will appear twice a week... During the session of Congress and the Virginia Legislature, either a third paper or a supplementary half-sheet, during the week.  II. Terms of payment will be FIVE DOLLARS per annum, who subscribe previous to the beginning, after which, the price will be FIVE DOLLARS, in advance.  III. ADVERTISEMENTS, from those who do not subscribe to the paper, should not exceed a square in length, shall be inserted for seventy-five cents the first time, fifty cents for each time during three weeks, and for every additional insertion thirty-three cents; long ones in the same proportion.  IV. SUBSCRIBERS shall have their advertisements inserted for fifty cents the first time and thirty-three cents for every additional insertion. 
SCHEME OF A LOTTERY.
To raise the sum of 5,000 Dollars, for the benefit of the Female Charity School of Fredericksburg.
  1 Prize of 5,000 is 5,000   2 1,000 is 2,000   4 500 is 2,000   1 250 is 250   5 100 is 500   10 50 is 500   2750 8 is 22,000   1st Ticket having a blank drawn to it, number after 9,000   1 4,000 is 100   1 5,000 is 200   1 6,000 is 300   1 7,000 is 400   1 Last drawn Ticket, whether blank or prize is 1,000   Expenses of drawing, Sum to be raised,   2,4850   150   5,000   2,776 Prizes 40,000 D.   5,224 Blanks 
6,000 Tickets, at 5 Dollars each, is 40,000. In the above Scheme, it appears there are not two blanks to a prize, and no prize subject to a deduction. The Lottery will commence drawing on the first Monday in October next, and continue until the drawing is finished. All Tickets drawing prizes will be paid within thirty days after the drawing is concluded, and all prizes not applied for within six months after will be considered as donations to be applied to the purposes of the Lottery.
The Managers deem it unnecessary to say any thing by way of inducement to persons to become adventurers in this Lottery, as the charitable purpose for which it is intended, will it is hoped insure a speedy sale of the Tickets.
Tickets to be had of the Managers and of Mr. Buck, the Treasurer of the Female Charity School.  FRANCIS BROOKE, JOHN MINOR, ROBERT PATTON, JOHN CHEW, JAMES STEPHENSON, DAVID C. KER, WALTER GREGORY, WILLIAM S. STONE, ROBERT S. CHEW, HUGH MERCER.
TICKETS in the aforesaid Lottery may be had in Richmond, on application to the Rev. John D. Blair, the Rev. John Buchanan and Mr. Andrew Stevenson.
SAMUEL MYERS, HAS FOR SALE, An assortment of BOLTING CLOTHS, just received from Amsterdam. June 27.
FOR SALE, On liberal terms, by the Subscribers, THE HOUSE and LOT near the River Bank, at present in the occupancy of Mr. John Taylor, and distinguished in the plan of the city by the number 8, the property of the estate of Patrick Wright, dec. which, if not disposed of privately before the first day of September next, will on that day, at 4 o'clock in the afternoon, be sold on the premises, for one half cash, and the other half on a credit of 90 days, for an approved endorsed note. An inalienable title will be made before the money is received. PROSSER & MONCURE. July 12.
PUBLIC NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, THAT the President and Common Council of the City of Richmond, will at their next monthly meeting, to be held on the third Monday in August next, proceed to appoint one fit and proper person to act as CAPTAIN of the NIGHT WATCH within the said City, for the term of one year; at which time all candidates for the said appointment are requested to attend. ANDREW STEVENSON, CLK. C. H. July 18.
WILL BE SOLD, To the highest bidder, in Charles City county, on September Court Day, THAT well known TRACT OF LAND, called the INDIAN FIELDS; containing between eight and nine hundred acres, pleasantly situated on the main road leading through the county. The situation is so generally known and admired, that a minute description would be superfluous. Presuming that any person who wishes to purchase, will previously view the land, I shall only observe, that the houses are all in good order, having lately gone through a thorough repair; and the small proportion of land in cultivation proves it to be very valuable and productive; the soil being admirably adapted to the culture of Corn and small grain. Any person wishing to view the land will call on Mr. Royler who lives on the place. The terms of sale will be made known on the day of sale. WILLIAM EDWARDS. Surry County, July 7.
SPRING GOODS. WILLIAM TEMPLE, HAS just received, by the ship Rebecca from London, and Yorkshire from Liverpool, AN ASSORTMENT OF GOODS Suitable to the season, which he will dispose of on the usual terms. Richmond, May 9th.
LOW FOR CASH, OR ON SHORT CREDIT, Direct from Penington's Manufactory, Philadelphia.
LOAF SUGAR, OF an excellent quality, either by the hogshead, barrel, or single loaf. The supply will be regular and large. MICAJAH DAVIS. 4th of 7th mo. 1804.
TUNSTALL'S PATENT THRESHING MACHINE. The advantages to be gained by farmers, by applying some effectual parts to Threshing Machines, which have greater velocity, adequate strength, and greater cheapness than hitherto, and applicable to any machinery, are universally allowed to be very great. WILLIAM TUNSTALL has obtained a Patent for such improvements; and wishes to benefit the public, on the most reasonable terms. Difficulties and individuals may be now accommodated with Machines, under patent rights, by applying in person or by letter (post paid) to the patentee, William Tunshall, at the Swan Tavern, Richmond. N. B. A Mill Wright and Iron Worker for the respective parts, are wanted—apply as above. These Machines will hull Clover and thresh Rice, Buck Wheat &c. preferred from grit—Counterfeits will be dealt with as the law directs. July 18.
CAROLINE SPRINGS. THE subscriber intends to open a TAVERN at the Caroline Springs, on the first day of June next; and hopes, from the pleasant and healthy situation, exclusive of the medicinal qualities of the waters, that it will be a place of general resort. The Springs are situated about 56 miles from Richmond, 18 from Port-Royal, 12 from the Bowling-Green, and 14 from Fredericksburg. The roads leading to them are remarkably good; they are surrounded by an agreeable and respectable neighbourhood. There are out-houses for the accommodation of those who wish to live separate from the Tavern. The subscriber flatters herself, that these documents will not only operate on invalids, who, in the sickly season, attend the Springs for the sake of having their health restored, but will also be felt by those whose only object is the enjoyment of company, as it may be justly said the society will be equal to any in the country. No exertion will be wanting to make every thing perfectly agreeable. ANN GATEWOOD. Fredericksburg, May 19.
NOTICE. THE office of Supervisor of the Revenue for the District of Virginia being discontinued, and the unfinished business of the said Office transferred to me; the Collectors of the Direct Tax and Internal Revenue, whose accounts have not been finally adjusted and paid, are hereby informed, that they are now requested to call at my office, in the City of Richmond, without delay, and pay the balances due to the United States. And those whose lands have been sold in the District of Virginia by authority of an act of Congress for the United States for non-payment of the Direct Tax, may redeem such lands, by paying to me within the time limited, the principal costs and fees as the law directs. As most of the abovenamed lands were sold in Dec. 1802, the privilege of redemption will continue until December next. The money received by me for the redemption of the said lands, will be returned to the purchaser, with interest at the rate of 25 per cent per annum on the purchase money, to the day on which it may be paid to me. JOSEPH SCOTT. Marshall V. D. July 7.
WAS FOUND, By a Negro woman, a small bundle of BANK NOTES. The owner may have them by giving a satisfactory description, and paying the expense of this advertisement. Enquire of the Printers. July 11.
CITY OF RICHMOND, IN COMMON HALL, July 3d, 1804. IT appearing to the Common Hall of the City of Richmond, that the regulations of the Trustees of the Free School in the said city, have been established on liberal and just principles, whereby many poor children of both sexes have received at the said School, such advantages in the acquirements of their education, as to encourage a strong belief that great utility will result from a continuance of the institution, should it receive a proper patronage; Resolved therefore, That the Chamberlain of this City, and Messrs. John Robinson, Samuel Paine and Samuel Pleasants, be requested and empowered to receive subscriptions, and the funds that may be subscribed for the benefit of the said School; and that it be recommended to the humane and liberal inhabitants of this city, to raise by subscription other funds for the purpose of continuing the said institution. Andrew Stevenson, C.C.H.
Mediterranean Passports. NOTICE is hereby given, that it has been deemed expedient to change the form of the Mediterranean passport issued to vessels of the United States; that from the 18th day of July next, those of the new form will be issued at the custom houses to every vessel, for which application may be made on a compliance with the terms prescribed by law and surrendering the former passport of which she may be possessed, if any, in which latter case no fee will be required for the exchange; and that by an arrangement agreed upon by the Barbary powers with whom we are at peace, either the old or the new form of passport will be sufficient to procure the vessels of the United States, from capture until the 1st of July 1805, after which the old form of passport will be unavailable and the new one alone in use. Department of State, 23rd of May, 1804. The printers of the laws of the United States are requested to insert the above in their Gazettes twice a week for the space of six months, and the Collectors of the customs to keep copies of it posted up in their offices. June 2.
NEAL NELSON, BOOT & SHOE MANUFACTURER, MAIN-STREET, RICHMOND, MAKES BOOTS and SHOES to any Pattern or Fashion, equal in point of MATERIALS and WORKMANSHIP to any in general use. Imported BOOTS and SHOES, of the best quality and newest fashion, for sale. June 30.
On Thursday the second day of August next, WILL BE SOLD, on the premises, to the highest bidder, for one half cash, and five months credit for the balance.
THE HOUSE and LOT on the Main street in the town of Manchester, formerly the property of William Hay. There is no situation in the town of Manchester better calculated for a retail merchant. The storehouse is in good order for the reception of goods, and has the advantage of a large and commodious Lumberhouse. Bond and approved security will be required of the purchaser, or a Deed of Trust upon the lot to secure the payment. ROBERT OMBERSON. July 21.
CASH SALE OF LAND IN ALBEMARLE. On September 15th, WILL BE SOLD, in Charlottesville, to the highest bidder, for Cash, THE TRACT OF LAND lying on the east side of Rivanna, over against Charlottesville, containing about 600 acres, with a new commodious DWELLING-HOUSE. Two years of a lease under good restrictions have to run after this. The land is all of the South-West Mountain quality; and though much injured in parts, is in general still very good, and all reclaimable. The sale proceeds from a deed of trust to indemnify against loss as security and bail, which was executed in December, 1802, by William Bache, of Pennsylvania, to THOMAS M. RANDOLPH. July 25.
VIRGINIA: AT A SUPERIOR COURT OF CHANCERY, HELD IN RICHMOND, MARCH THE 26th, 1804. Between JOHN SOMERVILL, Plaintiff, And LUCAS SULLIVAN and WILLIAM AM BASKERVILLE, Defendants. THE defendant, Lucas Sullivan, not having entered his appearance and given security according to the act of Assembly, and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court, that he is not an inhabitant of this country: on the motion of the plaintiff, by his counsel, it is ordered, that the said defendant do appear here on the first day of next September term, and answer the bill of the plaintiff, and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in some newspaper in the city of Richmond, for two months successively, and posted at the front door of the Capitol, in the said city. A Copy—Tele. July 25.
JUVENILE EDUCATION. J. OGILVIE takes this opportunity to intimate, that the Midsummer-Holidays in his School will expire about the middle of next month. He will continue to teach Grammar, Arithmetic, Geography, Elocution, Geometry, History, Political Economy, Natural and Moral Philosophy, with due attention, as his pupils become prepared, to the principles of Criticism and Composition. The young gentlemen who recently composed his Senior Class having finished the studies in which they were engaged, have withdrawn from his school. He will therefore be prepared to receive from twelve to fifteen additional pupils. Youths from fourteen to fifteen years of age, who may have attained a tolerable acquaintance with the elements of literature, would be most acceptable to him, because most likely to be substantially and permanently benefited by the course of instruction he has adopted. Young men of more advanced years, whose opportunities for mental improvement, at an early period of their lives may have been peculiarly scanty or unfavorable, and such as may be desirous to qualify themselves for becoming instructors of youth, would probably reap considerable benefits from spending one or two years in this Seminary. Whilst he can well perfect facility, declare his willingness to afford young men who are really desirous to acquire information, and are at the same time, disposed to observe the inviolable rules of Academic regularity and decorum, every assistance and encouragement in the prosecution of their studies which he is qualified to bestow; he wishes to have it distinctly understood, that such as may have unfortunately acquired inveterate habits of lothfulness and dissipation, could scarcely select a school where such habits will encounter more decided, vigilant and probably painful counteraction. J. O.'s charge for tuition will be fifty dollars per annum, for instruction in the different departments of science, and forty dollars for instruction in the different branches of elementary literature, he proposes to teach: the fee for tuition to be paid quarterly and in advance. N. B. J. Ogilvie wishes to receive four of his Junior pupils as boarders on terms, which will be made known to parents on application to him, by letter or otherwise.
Foreign Intelligence. STATE OF THE INDIA WAR. LONDON, April 28.
The following is an extract of a letter from an officer of the 74th regiment, dated Barasilly, Nov. 50. We have just arrived at this place after a fatiguing march of 24 miles, the principal part we have disputed inch by inch. I have frequently been engaged with the native powers, but never experienced so determined an opposition as was yesterday met from Busing Sing, with a body of picked men. The action raged from noon till half past four, and was maintained with uncommon slaughter. The enemy's foot their ground, with their guns at intervals, till we marched up to the very muzzles of them, under a shower of musketry. The son of Rajah Bhoosha had two horses killed under him, and effected his escape on a third, after having been severely wounded by an European dragoon, with whom he was engaged hand to hand. Five of the Berar officers are said to have been killed in attempting to rescue him from the perilous situation into which his temerity had led him—Being Sing was unhurt, and fought for a considerable time on foot before his attendants could reinstate him; he is supposed to have been mortally wounded. The determined gallantry of the remains of the 74th and 78th regiments will never be forgotten; they followed up their advantage in the most rapid manner, and with an adherence to discipline unequalled in the annals of British warfare in India. The predatory states, composing the Mahratta power, have never been united under any regular form of confederation, or, by any form of constitutional laws, that can be compared to any constitution in Europe. A vague and indefinite sentiment of common interest, however, has established a certain degree of union among them, from the period of their first successes, throughout every stage of the decline of the Mogul empire. The same indefinite but acknowledged confederacy has subsisted between the Mahrattas since the entire destruction of the Mogul empire, and together with other causes, has enabled several of these adventurers to erect states of considerable military resources and political power. The power of the Peshwa has for many years been acknowledged by the Mahrattas, including the Rajah of Berar—and the Peshwa is universally acknowledged in India, as the constitutional representative of the Mahratta empire. Scindia has been the chief man, who has opposed the
constituted authority of the Peshwa; and, with his confederates, brought on the war, which has proved so disastrous to him and his allies.
From the 8th of August, the day on which hostilities commenced, to the 1st of November, the British army has conquered all the possessions of Scindia in Guzerat, the city of Boorhaanpoor in Candesh, the province of Cuttack in Orissa, the Mahratta dominions between the Jumna and the Ganges; the city of Delhi, and the right bank of the Jumna; the city of Agra, & the adjoining territory; has reduced by storm the fortified town of Ahmednuggur, the forts of Aly Gher, Baroach, and Cuttack; and by capitulation, after having opened the batteries, the forts of Ahmednuggur, of Powahgur and Champoneer; the fort of Ooseeghur, denominated the key of the Deccan; and the fort of Agra, denominated the key of Hindostan; and has defeated the enemy in three general engagements: At Delhi on the 11th September, at Allye, on the 23rd September, and at Lalwarsee on the 1st November; having taken, according to official returns, on the field of battle, in those engagements, and under the walls of Ahmednuggur, Baroach, the forts of Delhi, Ferozebad, Champoneer, Powahgur, Jalnahpoor, Cuttack, Boorhaanpoor and Ouseeghur: but the amount of the returns actually received, of ordnance taken in the several forts, exclusive of that taken in the field of battle, is four hundred and forty-five pieces of ordnance, exclusive of tumbrils, stores &c. making the total number of ordnance, of which returns have been received, captured from the 8th of August to the 1st of November, seven hundred and thirteen. The progress and result of those successful operations, have restored his highness the Peshwa to his sovereign authority at Poona [and the British as viceroys over him] and cemented our alliance with that prince; have secured the succession of the legitimate heir of the sovereign prince of the Deccan to the government of his deceased father, the late Nizam; has protected the British interest at Hyderabad from injury; have confirmed the stability of the treaties, by which the French were expelled from the Deccan in 1798; and have delivered the aged, venerable and unfortunate emperor of Hindostan, from misery and ignominy, from indignity and bondage, and from the hands of the French [in whose hands he never was, nor within 2000 miles of their settlements]. A confident expectation may be entertained, that under the pressure of accumulated defeat, with the aggregate loss of resources, power, military strength, & dominion in every quarter of India, the confederate Mahratta chiefs Dowlut Rao Scindia and the Rajah of Berar, Moodoh Bontlah must speedily be compelled to accede to such terms of pacification, as shall be calculated to deprive them of the means of disturbing our possessions, and of impairing the efficacy and stability of our alliance.
Under such a general pacification, it is reasonable to expect that where considerable augmentations of lustre and glory of the British arms in India, will be combined the accomplishment of a comprehensive system of alliance and political connection in Hindostan and Deccan, calculated to promote the general tranquillity of India, to secure on the most permanent foundations the interest and dominion of the British nation, against the attempt of any Indian or European power, and to destroy the last remnant of French influence in India. APRIL 29.
The overland dispatch which arrived during last week, prepared the public mind for such events. It states, that Scindia, since his defeat at Allye, has given way to the utmost temerity and tyranny; he has degraded two of his generals, and sentenced them to perpetual imprisonment, and one of his chief Sirdars (Sirdar, is a general or commander) who ventured to expostulate, was immediately decapitated, and the carcase suspended by the heels from a tree. This rigor, which was designed to uphold his declining authority had produced a different effect; an extensive mutiny ensued, and he was obliged to distribute large sums of money and make great promises to appease it: upwards of two thousand cavalry however, left his camp in a body, and have since returned to their respective districts.
A body of Sepoys has been dispatched against Ewanpilly, a fortress belonging to Scindia, on the fourth frontier of Berar. The Gouards, [perhaps the Jaats] in retaliation of the injuries inflicted on them by the Mahrattas, have entered the province of Beeraugur in great force, destroyed numerous villages and depopulated a great tract of country.
Nagpoor, belonging to the Berar Rajah, is probably in our hands; it is the capital of the eastern Mahrattas. It is very extensive and populous but meanly built, and defenceless, excepting some works which the Boohlah has ordered to be constructed in reference to the present war.
The victory obtained by general Lake on the 1st November over the forces of Scindia, was celebrated by the Peshwa at Poona, with great ceremony and festivity; this event was highly fortunate for his highness, as a strong detachment from Scindia's army had marched to invade Lhansi, from the town and district of which the Peshwa derives a revenue of four lacs; but on hearing of the defeat of their grand army, they immediately dispersed, and have since returned to their respective homes.
Hoelkar's army now comprises one hundred thousand cavalry, eight brigades of infantry, each brigade consisting of 20,000 men, three brigades of undisciplined Rajahpoors 10,000 each, and 9,000 artillery—making in the whole 299,000 men, with 750 pieces of cannon.
Hoelkar, during his war with the Peshwa, charged at the head of his cavalry, and received two wounds in the shoulder. He was lately much distressed by want of provender, although he possesses immense treasure. On pulling different villages, he has frequently given three or four lacs of rupees to the Brahmins to be spent in feistivity.
The Peshwa has 94,000 cavalry, and 95,000 infantry, and 495 pieces of cannon.
The following extract of a letter, from an intelligent officer in the army under general Wellesley, furnishes some interesting details of the battle of Argoum:
"We came in sight of the enemy about ten A. M. he was strongly posted on a rising ground between two rivers, whose banks were so steep that the artillery could only be drawn up in a few places, and the water was so deep that our people were unable to pass, & detained on its bank for a considerable time; under an incessant and destructive fire. It was nearly half past one before a ford was found, and about two the first line was formed under the enemy's fire, and when, for the first time, we were enabled to return it. As soon as the second line was formed, order was given to move forward; but for want of hands to drag our artillery forward, they were necessarily left behind; and our people advanced with a degree of heroism, not to be described in the face of 100 pieces of cannon, admirably served to charge with the bayonet. After a severe contest the enemy were driven from their guns, when our cavalry dashed in amongst them and cut great numbers in pieces. A strong body of the Mahrattas however, broke in upon our rear, regained their guns, and renewed a tremendous fire on us; but we returned and again dispersed them. Almost every mounted officer in our little army lost his horse. Our entire force, including cavalry, artillery and infantry, did not amount to 5000 men; the enemy's infantry alone exceeded 15,000; their artillery must have been very numerous, from the admirable manner
in which their 100 pieces of cannon were served, and the country was covered by their cavalry.
"The Mahratta ordnance is now drawn up in our park; 70 pieces of it are brass, and of the best workmanship; the rest were iron, and our artillery have been for two days past employed in blowing them up."
NEW-YORK, July 21. The arrival of the Weymouth, at Boston, from Bordeaux, and of the Adora, in 35 days from Liverpool, at Newburyport, enables us to lay before the readers of the Morning Chronicle, interesting Foreign News, to the 5th June. It will be perceived that Bonaparte was proclaimed Emperor on the 20th May.
FROM FRANCE. Arrived at Boston, July 16, ship Weymouth, Rich in 44 days from Bordeaux, where after being ready for sea, he was detained 30 days by an embargo. Brigs passed to the 24th May. On a curious period, we find them filled with addresses to Bonaparte, that he would yield to the wishes of the French people in assuming the title of Emperor. One address is signed by the officers and soldiers of 20 regiments, in the camp of St. Omer; one of the 12 regiments, at Brest; and one either of 10 regiments at Utrecht. An address from Aix la Chapelle, prays that he would assume the throne of Charlemagne; another address styles him—Le Dien Donne (the Gift of God). Besides these, there are several addresses from the legislative bodies, courts, tribunals, &c.
The French emigrants are quitting the dominions of Prussia. Berlin, April 29.—His Prussian majesty will not accept the proposition of the French government, to indemnify him for the loss in his finances, provided that he will consent that Lunden be occupied by the French.
PARIS, May 17. Yesterday an extraordinary meeting of the Senate was held. All the ministers were present, except the minister of foreign relations, who was indisposed. Three orators of the council of state were present. It is presumed that this session had for its object, the presentation of the important Senatus Consultum that is looked for, with assistance by all France. We are assured it contains more than 133 articles.
Yesterday a Grand Council of State was held. The Conservative Senate is to meet this day, to hear the report of its committee upon the Senatus Consultum.
The trial of Moreau and others is said to be definitively fixed for the 25th of May. General Lafitte, commander of the 5th regiment of veterans, and a member of the legion of honor, addressed the following Speech to the veterans under him, assembled the 24th, at Moubery Place; Comrades! The departments—the army in general—being well apprized of the incredible services which the First Consul has rendered to France, as well by recovering and extending its frontiers, as by re-establishing the public worship, by the encouragement given to industry, by giving to the world peace, which the perfidy of England alone has interrupted, are desirous in order to ensure our happiness, to recompense his extraordinary virtues by a title more exalted; and to prevent civil wars, the consequence of elections, by the establishment in the succession of "Dieu donne," (the gift of God), our deliverer.
Your commanders are anxious to vote an address to him, to request of him this new benefit. I invite you, in the name of the gratitude we owe him, of the admiration he inspires us with, and of the future happiness of the state, to add your signatures to ours, in order to confirm to him, that his former brother soldiers have a just sense of his merits, and that they nominate him emperor.
It is the desire of victory. Addresses to the French government for the establishment of monarchy have been sent from the cities of Strasbourg, Colmar, Nancy, Mayence, Besançon, Montpelier, Versailles, Orleans, Caen, Havre, Dunkirk, and Aix la Chapelle, Meviers, Gond, Dijon, Trevers, D'Evreux, Toulon, the departments of Jemapes, Morbihan and l'Isle.
The people of Lyons have asked for the honor of having Bonaparte crowned in that city. The legislative body was to meet at Paris July 14, when it was expected that the coronation would take place.
A man who publicly called himself the Dauphin of France has been arrested at Marseilles, and sent to the house where persons deranged in mind are kept.
The ship Aurora, Follaster, arrived at Newburyport, in 35 days from Liverpool brings London papers to June 5.
On the 20th ult. Bonaparte was proclaimed Emperor in Paris. Such is the end of what was called the Republican Constitution of France, which is now represented to have been only an experiment. This experiment, which cost many hundred thousand lives, civilized world, has not been found to answer, and France ends exactly where she began—with an absolute Monarchical Government. It is rather singular that two of Bonaparte's brothers, Lucien and Jerome, do not share in the general elevation of their family; they remain simple citizens, and are excluded from the succession of the Empire."
LONDON, May 20. Numerous American and other neutral vessels have been engaged at Leghorn as transports; it was reported there, that they were to convoy French troops to Sardinia.
All the officers of the American frigate Philadelphia, have been liberated by the Dey of Tripoli, on the interference of the French Consul.
MAY 27. Most of the Northern Coasts have received assurances from Russia, of effectual protection in the event of being attacked by France. The Emperor has issued orders to all his residents in Germany and in Italy, directing them to afford assistance and protection to all French emigrants who may be desirous to settle in the Russian territories. Mr. Drake and family have reached Berlin.
Yesterday we received the following extract of a letter from Paris.
"Domestic visits are now constant in Paris, where every time Bonaparte appears on the parade, the military, who crowd every avenue, enter the houses and search every closet in them to be acquainted that neither arms nor suspected persons are contained therein; the answer is, de par le Consul, taisez vous! The Senate lately assembled at St. Cloud to deliberate upon the powers to be conceded to the New Emperor, and upon various matters connected with his elevation, but it did not form any conclusion on that subject.
The Imperial Diadem and other regalia of the Corsican Adventurer, exceeds in splendor every thing hitherto worn by any Monarch; they have been in complete readiness for more than three months. Moreat and some others are, it is said, to be pardoned, Napoleon wishing, by this act of clemency, to signify the commencement of his Imperial Government. The examination in the Temple of the remains of Louis, and the prisoners, in passing to the Hall, are each attended by two gens d'armes, through two double ranks of dragons and gen d'armes.

Part of the army of Gen. Regnier has embarked on board the fleet at Toulon.
Orders have been issued to the camps along the coast, that no officer or soldier shall, under any circumstance, be more than one day's march from his corps, and to hold themselves in readiness for service at an hour's notice.
A report has been brought by the Lisbon Mail, that Mr. Frere was daily expected to take his passage for England in consequence of an approaching war with this country. The Prince of Peace in answer to some complaints of Mr. Frere, respecting the words ascribed by the Minister to that Prince, is said to have replied, that if he wished satisfaction it would be given by 60,000 Spaniards, that should be sent to join the army destined for the invasion of England.
A letter from Petersburg of the 25th April, says, Count Woronzow, our minister at the court of London, is recalled, to fill a place in our ministry. The next courier from England is expected to bring an answer, which will be immediately followed by a declaration of war against France. Louis XVIII. will be acknowledged King of France by all the members of the Coalition, and all conquests but in his name will be renounced.
The Russian army on the frontiers of Podolia has been considerably reinforced; and on the 7th May, orders were issued to the troops to hold themselves in readiness to march.
By the last accounts from Hamburg, it was the general opinion there that a Continental war would speedily take place, and that Russia will shortly declare herself. The Russian troops, it is said, are ready to act, and the fleet at Sebastopolis is in a complete state of equipment. A letter from Lemberg also states, that great numbers of Russian troops are assembling on the frontiers of Poland. Other letters say, that two more Russian frigates have passed the Dardanelles for the Seven Islands.
It is said that the news of Mr. Pitt's appointment has created general satisfaction in Ireland amongst the Catholics, who in consequence expect a speedy redress of their grievances and an emancipation from the bondage of the penal statutes.
The French princesses and princesse are beadeded by the title of their imperial highnesses; and the sisters of the emperor are to enjoy the same dignity. The great officers of the empire are to receive the title of their serene highnesses, and they as well as the princes, are to be addressed "Monseigneur."
Captain Cantil from India, via Egypt and Lisbon, left Lord Nelson, with his fleet off Toulon, on the 23rd April, all well.
Paris, May 20.—The organic Senatus Consultum was proclaimed by the EMPEROR BONAPARTE and will be published in Paris to-morrow (Sunday) at noon. His imperial majesty has nominated to the dignity of grand elector, his imperial highness Prince Joseph Bonaparte; to that of Constable, his imperial highness Prince Louis Bonaparte; to that of arch-chancellor of the empire, the count Cambacérès; and to that of arch-treasurer, the count Lebrun.
FRENCH PREPARATIONS. The following intelligence was communicated by capt. W. Cooke, a passenger in the Tamerlane, arrived at Boston from Amsterdam.
Capt. C. left Boulogne, the 20th April.—At that time there lying in the harbor, inside the pier heads, 500 gun brigs and schooners; 600 pinnaces rowing 32 oars, and carrying 50 men; 300 boats and bateaux plats, and several prams. The latter have three keels, two decks; and carrying 20-24 pounds and 50 horses. The line of encampment extended from Boulogne three leagues to the southward. It was said to contain 150,000 men, and new recruits were daily arriving. A few days previous to my leaving Boulogne, the admiral of the fleet, and two Generals were recalled to Paris, and others sent to take their stations. This created considerable alarm, which was heightened by an attempt to fire the fleet in Boulogne Bay, on the night of the 15th April. In consequence of which the city gates were closed, the play house doors and all public places guarded, and every person in them examined. Those who did not give a good account of themselves were committed to prison. No stranger was allowed to remain more than 24 hours in the city, let his business be ever so urgent, if not in the public service. The harbours making at Ambleteuse, Etaples, and Vermereaux, employed each two thousand men, every tide, night and day; but were not in a situation to take more than 200 small boats in. There generally lay in good weather before Boulogne and Ambleteuse, 25 or 30 sail of English men of war at anchor. None of the French ships lay in Boulogne Road. Every easterly wind, small fleets ventured along shore from the eastward toward Boulogne, but to close to the shore as to be covered by the batteries and Rying artillery. Notwithstanding which the enemy frequently succeeded in driving them ashore or into some port.
In Calais harbour there lay about 70 flat boats, and forty seven were building and two prams.
The inhabitants had quartered on them 1000 chas- seurs, 500 hussars, and 500 Italian soldiers, under the command of general Vandam. No stranger was al- lowed to visit the quays or ramparts fronting the sea. All look outs on private houses were sealed up that no signal might be given to the enemy that lay before the harbour at anchor.
BALTIMORE, July 23.
LATEST FROM FRANCE.
The editors of the American were last even- ing favored by a respectable mercantile friend with French papers, received by the Henrietta, arrived yesterday in 48 days from Bordeaux, containing Paris dates to May 27, and Bordeaux to June 1. The late hour at which they were received, prevented us from having more than the following prominent article translated:
IMPERIAL DECREE.
Bearing regulations on the mode of presentation to the acceptance of the people of the pro- position announced in article 1-2 of the or- ganic senatus consulté, of the 28th Floreal, 12th year.
NAPOLEON by the grace of God, and by the constitutions of the republic, emperor of the French, upon the report of the ministers and council of state, of the 28th Floreal, year 12—Ordains the regulation, the tenor of which follows:
Art. 1. There shall be open to the records of all the adminis- trations of the state, and to all the municipalities to the offices of all the tribunals, to all the justices of the peace, and to all the notaries— registers, upon which all the French are called upon to subscribe their votes on the following proposition:
"Do the people desire that the imperial dig- nity shall be hereditary in the direct, natural, le- gitimate and adoptive descendants of Napoleon Bonaparte, and in the direct, natural and legiti- mate descendants of Joseph and Louis Bonapar- te, as regulated by the organic senatus consulte on the 28th Floreal, year 12?"
Art. 2. The registers shall be open 12 days.
Art. 3. Immediately after the expiration of the time given for voting, each depositary of registers shall be closed, and said register shall be certified, and then directed and forwarded in the course of the two following days to the may- or of each municipality; and within the space of 24 hours, the latter shall forward the same to the under-prefect of his district, with a note certified by him, and which shall be conforma- ble to model, in present regulation, under No. 1.
Art. 4. Twenty one days after the publica- tion of the present regulation, the under-prefect shall transmit to the prefect all the registers of his district, with a note by him certified, and which shall be conformable to model No. 2.
Art. 5. Twenty five days after the publication of the present regulation, each prefect shall for-
ward to the minister of the interior, all the re- gisters of his department, with a general note by him certified, and which shall be conformable to model No. 3.
Art. 6. The prefects are authorized to put in extraordinary requisition, the gens d'armes, for the quick transmission of the registers of the se- veral municipalities and the orders relative to the execution of the present regulation.
Art. 7. The ministers are charged with the execution of the present regulation, which shall be printed in the bulletin of the laws.
(Signed) NAPOLEON.
By the emperor.
The secretary of state, H. B. MARAT.
(Signed)
Letters from Vienna of the 21st of April mention that the note which the Minister of the Elector of Baden has presented to the Imperial Court, respecting the arrest of the French Emigrants on the Elector's ter- ritory, particularly the seizure of the Duke of Enghien, has given occasion to a conference of state, the re- sult of which is not very favourable to the French in- terest. The Austrian army now consists of 411,998 effective men.
Captain Barnard, from Leghorn, informs us, that the day before his departure (the 17th of May) all British subjects resident in that city, were arrested and thrown into prison by order of Bonaparte.
[N. Y. Merc. Adv.]
WEST-INDIES.
The Island of Martinique, when captain Richards left it, was closely blockaded by 12 or 14 British ships of war, and an attack was hourly expected. To join in an expedition of this nature, a considerable reinforce- ment of troops had embarked from Antigua.
[N. Y. Merc. Adv.]
By Capt. Randlet, of the Julia-Ann, from St. Domingo, we learn that Port-a-Plate had been taken by the French and retaken by the bri- gands, who were hourly expected to make an attack on the city.
[Ib.]
Capt. Clark, of the fch'ty Sukey & Polly, ar- rived at the Lizardo, brings information of the defeat of the Haytian army, near St. Do- mingo, by the French and Spaniards, with the loss of 2000 men.
[Phil. True Amer.]
Domestic Intelligence.
FROM THE N. Y. MORNING CHRONICLE.
STATEMENT.
The gentleman (Mr. W. P. Van Ness) who accompanied Col. Burr to the field in the late unfortunate contest, comes forward reluct- antly with a statement on the subject, at a moment when any publication of the kind may expose his principal to judicial embarrassment, perhaps to very serious hazard.
In the following narrative he disclaims the most distant idea of injuring the memory of the deceased, for whom, while living, he entertained sentiments of high respect, and for whose melan- choly exit he, as also his principal, feels partic- ular regret. The task devolved on him by the duties of his situation shall be discharged with fidelity, but with every delicacy the circumstan- ces of the case can claim.
On the afternoon of the 17th June last, I re- ceived a note from Col. Burr, requesting me to call on him the following morning. Upon my arrival he observed that it had of late been fre- quently stated to him that Gen. Hamilton had at different times and upon various occasions used language and expressed opinions highly in- jurious to his reputation; that he had for some time felt the necessity of calling on Gen. Ham- ilton for some explanation of his conduct, but that the statements which had been made to him did not appear sufficiently authentic to justify the measure—that a newspaper had, however, been recently put into his hand, in which he per- ceived a letter signed Ch. D. Cooper, contain- ing something which he thought demanded im- mediate investigation. Urged by these circum- stances, and justified by the evident opinion of his friends, he had determined to write to Gen. Hamilton a note upon the subject, which he re- quested me to deliver. I assented to his request, and on my return to the city which was at 11 o'clock the same morning, I delivered to Gen. Hamilton the note which I received from Col. Burr for that purpose, and of which the follow- ing is a copy.
[Here follows No. I. of the former statement.] General Hamilton read the note of Mr. Burr, and the printed letter of Mr. Cooper, to which it refers, and remarked that they required some consideration, and that in the course of the day he would send an answer to my office. At half past ten o'clock, Gen. Hamilton called at my house, and said that a variety of engagements would demand his attention during the whole of that day and the next, but that on Wednes- day, the 20th inst. he would furnish me with such answer to Col. Burr's letter, as he should deem most suitable and compatible with his feel- ings.
In the evening of Wednesday the 20th, while I was from home, the following letter addressed to Col. Burr, was left at my house, under cover to me.
[Here follows No. II.]
On the morning of Tuesday the 21st, I de- livered to Col. Burr the above letter, and in the evening was furnished, with the following letter to Gen. Hamilton, which I delivered to him at 12 o'clock on Friday, the 22d inst.
[Here No. III.]
Gen. Hamilton perused it, and said it was such a letter as he had hoped not to have received; that it contained several offensive expressions, and seemed to close the door to all further reply—that he had hoped the answer he had returned to Col. Burr's first letter would have given a dif- ferent direction to the controversy—that he thought Mr. Burr would have perceived that there was a difficulty in his making a more spe- cific reply, and would have desired him to state what had fallen from him, that might have given rise to the interference of Mr. Cooper. He would have done this frankly; and he believed it would not have been found to exceed the li- mits justifiable among political opponents.—If Mr. Burr should be disposed to give a different complexion to the discussion, he was willing to consider the last letter not delivered; but if that communication was not withdrawn he could make no reply, and Mr. Burr must pursue such course as he should deem most proper.
At the request of Gen. Hamilton, I replied that I would detail those ideas to Col. Burr; but added that if his first letter he had introduced the idea (if it was a correct one) that he could recollect the use of no term that would justify the assertion made by Mr. Cooper, it would in my opinion have opened a door for accommo- dation. Gen. Hamilton then repeated the same objections to this measure which were stated in substance in his first letter to Col. Burr.
When I was about leaving him, he observed that if I preferred it, he would commit his re- fusal to writing, I replied that if he had resolved not to answer Col. Burr's letter, that I could report that to him verbally, without giving him the trouble of writing it. He again repeated his determination not to answer—and that Col. Burr must pursue such course as he should deem most proper.
In the afternoon of this day, I reported to Col. Burr at his house out of town, the answer and determination of Gen. Hamilton and prom- ised to call on him again in the evening, to learn his further wishes. I was detained in town however this evening, by some private business, and did not call on Col. Burr until the follow- ing morning, Saturday the 23d inst. I then re- ceived from him a letter for Gen. Hamilton, which is numbered 4, but as will presently be explained, never was delivered, the substance of it will be found in No. 12.
When I returned with this letter to the city, which was about 2 o'clock in the afternoon of the same day, I sent a note to Gen. Hamilton's and also to his house, desiring to know when it would be convenient for him to receive a com- munication. The servant as he informed me, received for answer at both places that Gen. Ham- ilton had gone to his country seat. I then wrote the note, of which No. 5, is a copy, and sent it out to him in the country.
[Here follows No. IV. of the former statement.]
To this I received for answer, No 6, which follows:
No. VI.
Granby, June 23, 1804.
Sir,
I was in town to-day till half past one. I thank you for the delicacy which dictated your note to me. If it is indispensable the communi- cation should be made before Monday morning, I must receive it here. But I should think this cannot be important. On Monday by nine o'-clock I shall be in town at my house in Cedar- street, No. 52, where I should be glad to see you. An additional reason for preferring this, is that I am unwilling to occasion to you trouble.
With esteem, I am sir,
Your obedient servant,
A. HAMILTON.
To —, Esq.
At nine o'clock, on Monday, the 25th inst. I called on Gen. Hamilton, at his house in Ce- dar-street, to present the letter No. 4, already alluded to, and with instructions for a verbal communication, of which the following notes No. 7, handed me by Mr. Burr, were to be the basis. The substance of which though in terms as much softened as my instructions would per- mit, was accordingly communicated to Gen. Hamilton.
No. VII.
A. B. far from conceiving that rivalry au- thorizes a latitude not otherwise justifiable, al- ways feels greater delicacy in such cases, and would think it means to speak of a rival but in terms of respect; to do justice to his merits; to be silent of his foibles. Such has invariably been his conduct towards Jay, Adams and Ham- ilton; the only three who can be supposed to have had in that relation to him.
That he has too much reason to believe that in regard to Mr. Hamilton, there has been no reciprocity; for several years his name has been lent to the support of false flanders. He has ne- ver had the generosity, the magnanimity, or the candor to contradict or disavow. A. B. forbears to particularize, as it could only tend to pro- duce new irritations; but having made great sacrifices for the sake of harmony, having ex- ercised forbearance till it approached a humili- ation, he has seen no effect produced by such conduct but a repetition of injury. He is ob- liged to conclude, that there is on the part of Mr. Hamilton, a settled and implacable malevo- lence; that he will never cease in his conduct toward Mr. B. to violate those courtesies of life, and that hence he has no alternative but to an- nounce these things to the world, which, con- sistent with Mr. B.'s ideas of propriety, can be done in no other way than that which he has adopted. He is incapable of revenge, still less is he capable of imitating the conduct of Mr. Ham- ilton, by committing secret depredations on his fame and character; but these things must have an end.
Before I delivered the written communication with which I was charged, gen. Hamilton said that he had prepared a written reply to colonel Burr's letter of the 21st, which he had left with Mr. *** and wished me to receive; I answered that the communication I had to make him was predicated upon the idea that he would make no reply to col. Burr's letter of the 21st inst, and that I had no understood him in our con- versation of the 22d—general Hamilton said that he believed before I left him, he had proffered a written reply. I observed that when he an- swered verbally, he had offered to put that re- fusal in writing, but that if he had now prepa- red a written reply, I would receive it with plea- sure. I accordingly called on Mr. *** on the same day, Monday, June 25, between one and two o'clock, P. M., and stated to him the result of my recent interview with gen. Hamilton, and the reference he had made to him. I then received from Mr. *** the letter No. 8, which follows.
[Here No. V. of the former statement.]
The letter was unsealed, but I did not read it in his presence; after some conversation relative to what general Hamilton would say on the subject of the present controversy, during which Mr. *** read from a paper his ideas on the sub- ject, he left me for the purpose of seeing and consulting Mr. Hamilton, taking the paper with him. In about an hour he called at my house, informed him that I had shown to col. Burr the letter he had given me from gen. Hamilton, that in his opinion it amounted to nothing more than the verbal reply, I had already reported, that it left the business precisely what it then was; that Mr. Burr had very explicitly stated the injustice he had received and the reparation he demanded, and that he did not think it pro- per to be asked now for further explanation. Towards the conclusion of the conversation, I informed him that col. Burr required a general disavowal of any intention on the part of general Hamilton, in his various conversations to convey expressions derogatory to the honor of Mr. Burr. Mr. *** replied that he believed gen. Hamilton would have no objections to make such decla- ration, and left me for the purpose of consulting him, requesting me to call in the course of the afternoon for an answer. I called on him ac- cordingly about 5 o'clock; he then observed that gen. Hamilton declined making such a dis- avowal as I had stated in our last conversation; that he, Mr. *** did not then perceive the whole force and extent of it; and presented me with the following paper, No. 9, which I transmit- ted in the evening to Mr. Burr.
[Here No. VII. of the former statement.]
The following day (Tuesday 26 June) as ear- ly as was convenient, I had an interview with col. Burr, who informed me that he considered gen. Hamilton's proposition a mere evasion, that evinced a desire to leave the injurious impression which had arisen from the conversations of ge- neral Hamilton in full force. That when he had undertaken to investigate an injury his honor had sustained, it would be unworthy of him not to make that investigation complete. He gave me further instructions which are substantially contained in the following letter to Mr. *** No. 10.
[Here No. VIII. of former statement.]
In the evening of the same day, I received from him the following answer.
[Here No. IX. of former statement.]
I transmitted this to Col. Burr, and after a conference with him, in which I received his fur- ther instructions, and that no misunderstanding might arise from verbal communication, I com- mitted to writing the remarks contained in No. 10, which follows.
[Here No. X. of former statement.]
I handed this to Mr. *** at 12 o'clock on Wednesday the 18th inst. After he had per- used it according to my instructions, I deliver- ed the message, which it is unnecessary to repeat. The request it contained was acceded to; after which Mr. *** remarked, that the court was then sitting, in which gen. Hamilton had much business to transact, and that he had also some private arrangements to make, which would re- quire some delay unavoidable. I acceded to his wish, and Mr. *** said he would call on me again in the course of the day or the following morning, to confer further relative to time and place.
Thursday, June 28th, 10 o'clock, P. M. Mr. *** called on me with a paper, which he said contained some remarks on the letter I had yester- day answered him. I replied, that if the pa- per he offered contained a definite and specific proposition for an accommodation, I would with pleasure receive it and submit it to the con- sideration of my principal, if not, that I must decline taking it, as Mr. Burr conceived the correspondence completely terminated by the acceptance of the invitation contained in the message I had yesterday delivered. Mr. *** re- plied, that the paper did not contain any propo- sition of the kind I alluded to, but remarks on my last letter; I of course declined receiving it. Mr. *** then took leave, and said that he would call again in a day or two, to arrange time and place.
Tuesday, July 3, I again saw Mr. *** and after a few subsequent interviews, the time when the parties were to meet was ultimately fixed for the morning of the 11th July inst.
The occurrences of that interview will ap- pear from the following statement, No. 13, which has been drawn up and mutually agreed to by the seconds of the parties.
No. XIII.
Col. Burr arrived first on the ground, as had been previously agreed; when general Hamilton arrived, the parties exchanged salutations, and the seconds proceeded to make their arrange- ments. They measured the distance, ten full paces, and cast lots for the choice of position, as also to determine by whom the word should be given, both of which fell to the second of Gen. Hamilton. They then proceeded to load the pistols in each others presence, after which the parties took their stations. The gentleman who was to give the word, then explained to the parties the rules which were to govern them in firing, which were as follows: "The parties being placed at their stations—the second who gives the word shall ask them whether they are ready; being answered in the affirmative, he shall say "present," after this the parties shall present and fire when they please—if one fires before the other the opposite second shall fire one, two, three, fire—and he shall then fire or lose his fire." He then asked if they were pre- pared, being answered in the affirmative, he gave the word, present, as had been agreed on, and both parties took aim, and fired in succession, the intervals time is not expressed, as the se- conds do not precisely agree on that point.
The fire of colonel Burr took effect, and general Hamilton almost instantly fell, col. Burr then advanced towards general Hamilton, with a manner and gesture that appeared to gen. Ham- ilton's friend to be expressive of regret, but without speaking, turned about and withdrew, being urged from the field by his friend, as soon as he been subsequently stated, with a view to prevent his being recognized by the surgeon or the bargemen, who were then approaching.
Further communication took place between the principals, and the charge that carried col. Burr immediately returned to the city. We con- ceive it proper to add that the conduct of the parties in this interview was perfectly proper as suited the occasion.
The following article from the Gentleman who attended Gen. Hamilton, in the late much regretted occurrence, is considered an interest- ing supplement to the documents already fur- nished.
STATEMENT.
The statement containing the facts that led to the interview between Gen. Hamilton and Col. Burr, published in the Evening Post on Monday last, judiciously avoided mentioning any partic- ulars of what passed at the place of meeting. This was dictated by suitable considerations at the time, and with the intention, that whatever it might be deemed proper to lay before the pub- lic should be made the subject of a future com- munication. The following is therefore now submitted.
In the interviews that have since taken place between the gentlemen that were present, they have not been able to agree in two important facts that passed there—for which reasons no- thing was said on those subjects in the paper lately published as to other particulars in which they were agreed.
Mr. P. expressed a confident opinion that Gen. Hamilton did not fire first—and that he did not fire at all at Col. Burr. Mr. V. N. seemed equally confident in opinion that Gen. H. did fire first—and of course that it must have been at his antagonist.
Gen. Hamilton's friend thinks it to be a fa- ceted duty which he owes to the memory of that exalted man, to his country and his friends, to publish to the world such facts and circumstan- ces as have produced a decisive conviction in his own mind, that he cannot have been mistaken in the belief he has formed on those points.
1st. Besides the testimonies of Bishop Moore, and the paper containing an express declaration, under Gen. Hamilton's own hand, inclosed to his friend in a packet not to be delivered but in the event of his death, and which have already been published—General Hamilton informed Mr. P. at least ten days previous to the affair, that he had doubts whether he would not re- ceive and not return Mr. Burr's first fire. Mr. P. remonstrated against this determination, and urged many considerations against it, as danger- ous to himself and not necessary in the particu- lar case, when every ground of accommodation, not humiliating had been proposed and rejected. He said he would not decide lightly, but take time to deliberate fully. It was incidentally mentioned again at their occasional subsequent conversations, and on the evening preceding the time of the appointed interview, he informed Mr. P. he had made up his mind not to fire at Col. Burr the first time, but to receive his fire, and fire in the air. Mr. P. again urged him upon this subject, and repeated his former arguments. His final answer was in terms that made an impres- sion on Mr. P.'s mind which can never be effaced.
2d. His last words before he was wounded af- ter a proof that this purpose had not changed. When he received his pistol, after having taken his position, he was asked if he would have, the hair spring set?—His answer was, "not this time."
3d. After he was wounded and laid in the boat, the first words he uttered after receiv- ing the power of speech, were (addressing him- self to a gentleman present who perfectly well remembers it) "Pardon me I did not mean to fire at Col. Burr the first time."
4th. This determination had been communi- cated by Mr. P. to that gentleman that morning before they left the city.
5th. The pistol that had been used by Gen. Hamilton, laying loose on the other apparatus in the case which was open; after having been some time in the boat, one of the boatmen took hold of it to put it into the case. Gen. Ham- ilton observing this, said—"Take care of that pis- tol—it is cocked—it may go off and do mischief." This is also remembered by the gentleman al- luded to.
This shows that he was not sensible of having fired at all. If he had fired previous to receiv- ing the wound, he would have remembered it, and therefore have known that the pistol could not go off; but if afterwards it must have been the effect of an involuntary exertion of the mus- cles produced by a mortal wound, in which he could not have been conscious of having fired.
6th. Assuming to be true a conviction that if Gen. Hamilton had fired first, it could not have escaped his attention, (all his anxiety being alive for the effect of the first fire, and having no reason to believe the friend of Col. Burr was not sincere in the contrary opinion,) he determined to go to the spot where the affair took place, to see if he could not discover some traces of the course of the ball from General Hamilton's pis- tol. He took a friend with him the day after General Hamilton died, and after some exam- ination they fortunately found what they were in search of.
They ascertained that the ball passed through the limb of a cedar tree at an elevation of about twelve feet and a half, perpendicular from the ground, between thirteen and fourteenth feet from the mark on which General Ham- ilton stood, and about four feet wide of the di- rect line between him and Col. Burr, on the right side; he having fallen on the left. The part of the limb through which the ball passed was cut off and brought to this city, and is now in Mr. Church's possession.
No inferences are pointed out as resulting from these facts, nor will any comments be made. They are left to the candid judgment and feelings of the public.
To the above we are requested to subjoin the following communication from the friend of Col. Burr.
COMMUNICATION.
The friend of Col. Burr laments the differ- ence of opinion that exists between him and the gentleman who attended general Hamilton in the late melancholy affair. He, however, de- clines entering into any discussion on the subject at present, considering this a very improper moment for that purpose. Nothing calculated to increase the agitation that prevails can add to the fame of the deceased, for whom he has ever entertained and expressed a high degree of re- spect.—Had the event proved fatal to his friend, instead of the gentleman who has fallen, the writer would have been earnest in protecting ge- neral Hamilton from any injurious result—in the actual posture of affairs, he is equally desir- ous to wave every discussion, through a respect to his memory, and also to the feelings of his friends.
A Correction.—It is agreed by the gentlemen who attended General Hamilton and Colonel Burr, in the late unfortunate affair, that the document No. 13, in the statement which appeared in the Morning Chronicle of Tuesday, should be corrected in the following manner:
In the interview between General Hamilton and Colonel Burr, both parties agreeable to the word of command presented; this term should therefore be employed as more correct than the expression "took aim," inserted in document No. 13, of the statement published in the Morning Chronicle of Tuesday.
[Even. Post.]
Gen. Hamilton was in the 48th year of his age, and has left Mrs. Hamilton with eight chil- dren, four boys and four girls—the youngest an infant.
FROM THE MEDITERRANEAN.
Capt. Daggett, arrived yesterday from Mar- seilles, informs, that while he lay in that port, capt. Jackson arrived there from Messina, and acquainted him that he had seen a letter from Mr. Gibbs of Palermo, which mentioned that the Tunisians had formally declared War against the United States on the 16th of March; and that they had sent out a considerable force a- gainst American vessels. The same letter adds, that the Neapol

far, as having been forced on us by circumstances (even though commenced by ourselves) and as offering the only means of retarding, if not of relieving us altogether from slavery and disgrace. The motives we alleged for going to war were wrong—the great evils were unfortunately placed on the weakest point, and this is one of the most serious blunders of the actual administration. The war itself I approve of, it was just, it was political, and I am convinced the menaced invasion and every other consequence of hostilities afforded less real cause of alarm, than the Peace of Amiens did, that belle paix , whose dangers and insecurity were easily foreseen—under Providence I trust the object of the war will yet be attained, by what particular means it may overtake us, but if our time is come, if we are to fall, may we fall like Britons!
On Thursday last, public thanksgiving were offered to Heaven in the Loretto Church for the escape of the First Consul (how much more proper would it have been to have said Mass for the Duke he has murdered, or the General he has ordered to be strangled.) The Nuncio, archbishops and all their minor train assisted and sanctioned by their presence this mockery of religion—at night the Church was illuminated and over each door was a transparency with this motto: "Doen protege la France," and underneath the following letters N. B. C. (on the right) L. P. R. on the left are these signs of neutrality or evidences of fear! Your country is thank God free from disgrace and crimes which cover Europe—mine is at present equally a stranger to the scenes I have described, and may it ever remain so."
We have been favoured, by a distinguished merchant of this city, with a perusal of several recent letters from Paris. From one dated the 9th of May, we extract the following remarks upon the subject of American claims, a subject which, either for the want of talents in those entrusted with the management of it, or from some waste cause, is as daily to become more intricate and embarrassed.
[Gaz. U. States.] "As yet nothing is done. The difference between the Commissioners and our Minister still continues. They think they are not accountable to him nor any person, and of course refuse to explain; and until the case they have rejected are finally decided upon all is at a stand and will remain so. We therefore, yesterday petitioned the Minister to obtain all the information on the rejected cases, and that he would take the proper and necessary measures with the French government to have them finally settled, that certificates should be issued on all the liquidated claims; and that he would, for such certificates, issue bills for an account for each part as could not (in case the 20 millions should not be sufficient to pay all, and a per rata should be adopted) injure any one."
"The delay has augmented the debt half a million of livres; and it is very probable this government will make a question who shall pay it. However right the commissioners may be, they and Mr. Skipwith refusing to consult or communicate with our minister faces his approaching them is certainly unjustifiable. A friendly communication would have kept all right and in good humour; I think I may add, would have procured payments long since. A great many persons whose claims are rejected complain bitterly of the commissioners refusing to communicate with them for the purpose of explaining the business, or to give them any reasons why their claims are rejected. The appointment where they examine the papers and deliberate, is declared to be private, and no person is admitted; and that even in the antechamber, they never see more than one of the gentlemen; and that one declines to explain. This conduct occasions general discontent. The commissioners in England admit every one, and explain freely. It appears to me that the only qualification for the commissioners to decide are: 1. A. B. citizen of the United States? Was the debt contracted before September 1800? Is it of a nature to be excluded by any preceding article? All the papers are at their command. The reporter gives them attested copies and translations, so that there can be no difficulty in determining; and notwithstanding this, the conjectural note is not yet gone through; and until it is settled no other account will be examined. Besides the embargo business which I hear will soon be finished, several accounts lie over for want of proof: now to delay others on that account appears to me absurd. Twelve months may pass, and that proof may not arrive; and 12 months only are allowed for settling all the claims. Another matter you will think very strange: many claims are admitted by our commissioners which are afterwards rejected by the French board; the documents being taken from the French bureau before they had been examined there. From what I am able to judge of this business, it will not be finally settled twelve months hence; and God knows whether any bills will be issued before, unless indeed the president has given full instructions to Mr. Livingston; for I am satisfied that the minister will not act unless he is fully instructed. He leaves Paris the 19th and goes by the way of Dieppe to London; so that you may calculate on two months in which nothing can be done."
"The manner in which this business is conducted gives no favourable idea of our character either to the government or individuals; and will force many to accept of thirty per cent on their claims, to obtain money for present support."
"I with some of my friends would try to get a few small cargoes of coffee, cocoa, sugar, cotton and dry-woods. I am sure it would do well—and the best remittance would be in bills on the United States. The 14th of July is the day appointed for installing the emperor."
NORFOLK, July 24.
CAPTURE OF THE BRITISH SLOOP OF WAR, LILLY.
Sunday morning last arrived here part of the crew of the British sloop of war LILLY, captured on the 15th inst. by the French privateer La Danne Ambers, capt. Charles Lemarque, who, the day before, captured the ship Mary, belonging to Liverpool, from Africa to Savannah, with a valuable cargo of slaves, ivory, &c. and a ship from Honduras to London, laden with mahogany. After taking out the most valuable part of the Mary's cargo, they gave the crew a "d—d gift" of her, and put the Lilly's and the other ship's men on board. They detained Mr. Atkinson, (captain of the Mary) on board the privateer, and purpose carrying him to Guadaloupe as an evidence for her condemnation.
The following account of the capture of the English Sloop of War LILLY has been given us by Mr. Norcock, the purser.
"I beg leave to acquaint you of my arrival here this day with the remaining officers and crew of H. M. sloop of war Lilly. On the 14th inst. on or about the hour of 2 P. M. being then in lat. 33 21 N. and long 79 13 W. we observed two sail to windward, to which we immediately gave chase. At half past 5 perceived the one to be an armed vessel laying too with French colours flying, boarding a ship, which we supposed to be English, and continued in that position till dark, when we lost sight of them. Tacked occasionally, working to windward during the night; at half past 8 A. M. observed two sail to the westward, which we supposed to be the same as yesterday; made all sail in chase, and cleared ship for action. At 9 distinguished them to be the two ships we saw yesterday, the one having the other in tow, standing to the Southward and Eastward on the starboard. Half past 9 the one hoisted English colours, which we returned; passed to windward; tacked on our weather beam, and cast the vessel she had taken in tow of; three quarters past she edged away,
taking us for a merchant vessel, we hewing no guns and having a temporary poop rigged to deceive her. At 23 min. past 10 she ranged up on our weather quarter, shifted her colours to French, and commenced a heavy fire upon us, which we immediately returned; she then dropped a stern and kept up a heavy discharge of musketry, musketoons and carbons from her tops and decks, and that of grape and language from her bow-chasers which cut our brace, bowlines, and running rigging in such a manner as to render the ship totally unmanageable and completely defeated all our exertions to alter our position so as to get a great gun to bear; and the only reliance we were able to make (having no stern chasers) was that of the small arms. It is with the greatest concern I have to mention the death of Captain William Compton, who fell early in the action. She still kept (taking every advantage of our ungovernable state) under our stern, raking us fore and aft, with her bow-chasers and 100 men at musketry, making sundry fruitless attempts to board till noon, when she parted to windward, on which we gave her the whole of our larboard broadside, and laying us athwart hawse, raked us sundry times, which I am sorry to say deprived us of the assistance of the whole of the officers on deck; Lieutenant Fowler being the last who fell, giving directions to keep our colours; the ship then laying a perfect log on the water; standing, running rigging, and sails completely cut to pieces, masts and yards feverously wounded. In this state the enemy made another desperate attempt to board, which they effected on the bowprit with upwards of 100 men, and the feeble resistance we were then able to make, having then 18 men out of our small number (being only 75 at the commencement of the action) killed and wounded. It is with the utmost concern I have to add, we were compelled to strike our colours, and at half past noon were taken possession of by the French ship privateer La Danne Ambers, of Guadaloupe, mounting fourteen 12 pounder carronades and two long 9's, and having on board 140 men. The Lilly mounted 16 short 12 pounder merchant guns."
The gentlemen who gave the above account say, that the crew of the privateer were mostly English, Scotch, Irish and Americans, and that the captain was a Scotchman—Thinks from the flattered condition of the Lilly, that she cannot be got into port. The privateer was formerly the British packet Marlborough, lately captured by the French in the West Indies. [Nor. Her.]
ENQUIRER. RICHMOND: SATURDAY, JULY 23, 1804.
The following Essays on a very curious and interesting subject, the tendency of banks, have little claim to the merit of originality. Most of their statements, and much of the arrangement, have been taken from Adam Smith on the Wealth of Nations, and Sir James Stuart's Political Economy. In the writing of these Essays the Editor had only one object in view, the delineation of a concise, plain and summary sketch of the arguments of these celebrated economists. In the prosecution even of this simple object, he feels perfectly satisfied that he has not attained the most complete success. Much obscurity will no doubt be found in the investigation of a subject, which is in itself somewhat complicated, & of which he has perhaps a very inadequate conception. He would however, invite those who feel a curiosity to know more of this subject than they will find in the following Essays, to approach the fane fountains, and drink of the same streams, from which he himself has imbibed his own curiosity and knowledge. The reader will probably find in the 2d book of the Wealth of Nations, the most satisfactory account which has yet appeared of the general principles of a Bank.
ON BANKS. NO. I.
Political Economists have attempted to show, that there are three indispensable prerequisites of wealth in every civilized society: its land, its labor, and its active stock or capital. The land produces most of the provisions and most of the materials, which it either requires for its own use, or which it exports to other countries. Its labor contributes to the growth of those provisions and materials, manufactures them into a more serviceable form, or exchanges these provisions, materials, and finished work, with other countries, or with distant parts of the same country. The stock or capital of a country consists of this immense mass of provisions, raw materials, or manufactured work, or any part of it which has a certain value in the market; or for which some other person would be willing to give some other commodity in exchange. According to this definition, the man who has a certain quantity of corn or any sort of provisions, or wool or any sort of materials, of cloth or any species of manufacture, or a certain sum of money, may be denominated the possessor of a certain quantity of stock, or capital. No part of this fund can however be entitled to the denomination of active capital, unless it can be appropriated to the employment of some productive labourers in agriculture, manufactures, or commerce. The stock which an idle capitalist reserves for his own consumption, cannot be called active. Even that particular portion of his stock, which may be destined to the employment of productive labourers, cannot be regarded in any other light than that of dead capital, unless it should be of that particular kind, which those labourers may be willing to take in exchange for their labor, or the produce of their labor, at a suitable rate of valuation. Hence, money, which no man is willing to refuse, or corn, which almost every one is willing to accept at its proper value, or some particular commodity for which there may be an effectual or nearly effectual demand at that particular time, may be said to constitute the active capital of an individual.
It is this active capital, which cultivates the lands of a country, and puts its various labor into motion. The capitalist who possesses a stock exceeding his own immediate consumption, is anxious to make a profit from it, by giving it some suitable destination. Having purchased provisions and tools, he either devotes his own labor, or the labor of others, to the cultivation of the earth; or collecting the proper materials, he undertakes some manufacturing establishment; or elevated by the hopes of making larger mercantile profits, he employs his capital in exchanging the produce of different trades, or of different countries. If therefore the lands of any country be susceptible of a greater degree of improvement, or if a greater number of productive labourers can be employed in its manufactures or commerce, any increase of its active capital will add to the national wealth. A greater capital in the hands of the merchants will command a greater quantity of provisions, raw materials or finished work. Should more stock be employed in the cultivation of the land, the amount of exchanges will be increased; and the number of manufacturers & merchants will begin to multiply. A certain in-
crease in the active capital of a country appears therefore to occasion a certain increase in the quantity of provisions, raw materials or finished work; in other words, it appears to increase the wealth of the country.
But if the productive industry of every country were entirely dependent upon the quantity of its active capital; if the labourer would not work unless he expected that his work would be paid for immediately after it was completed, or the stockholder would not employ his capital in the production or purchase of goods unless he expected that his capital would be immediately replaced to him by the person to whom he sold the goods, a considerable part of this industry and this stock would be unemployed and unproductive. A shoemaker, for instance, who was determined not to work until he was certain that his customer would pay for his shoes as soon as they were made, might lie idle a considerable part of his time. All the manufacturers would thus produce a much smaller quantity of work, from the want of a ready and active capital in the hands of their customers. And every agriculturist in the country would produce fewer provisions and raw materials, or he would sell them at a lower price, because there would not be a capital in the hands of the merchants sufficient to purchase them, as soon as they came to market. Those on the other hand, who should wish to become purchasers, might experience great personal inconvenience, or they might lose the rarest chances of accumulating property from the want of an active and ready capital. Meanwhile they might have it in their power to give every necessary assurance, that little or no risk would be incurred by allowing a credit: that at a stipulated time, an adequate remuneration would be made, or that at all events the most ample indemnification would be insured. A farmer for example, might frequently find it to be his interest to sell his corn to a merchant, who might have no ready capital to pay him for it. The merchant may probably expect to receive a capital from some other source, before the period can arrive when this debt becomes due, or he may intend to derive a capital from the sale of the corn itself, before the time of payment arrives: at all events, he or some of his friends may have it in their power to pledge, at the time of the contract a sufficient amount of dead capital, to insure to the seller a complete indemnification. If the productive industry of every country, therefore, were entirely dependent upon its active capital, it is obvious, that a smaller portion of labour and stock would be brought into action, than what might be otherwise employed, and a smaller addition would be made every year to the wealth of the nation. Hence it is easy to perceive the immense importance of a solid credit, which being predicated upon the faith of a capital that actually exists, but which at that particular time cannot be called into action, may serve to multiply the productive industry of the country, to increase the quantity of provisions, raw materials and finished work; in other words to increase the wealth of the country.
An active capital and a substantial credit may thus be considered as the two great pillars of national wealth. Whatever tends to increase either of them in a society where there is a demand for them, and where they may be usefully employed, tends consequently to increase its real wealth. An active capital is to be increased only in the ordinary way, by industry and parsimony; by labouring hard, and by saving some of the produce of this labour. But there are several ways of extending credit, differing in the manner of their operation, and in the degree of extension which they give to this credit.
Let us suppose then that a merchant wishes to engage in some profitable speculation, but that he has no ready money to employ for this purpose. He possesses however, sufficient resources to pay at a future day any debt, which he may contract, at the present time. He has capital, but that capital is inactive. It lies in the form of lands, or houses, or goods, or debts which will be due to him at the end of 60 days, or Bills of Exchange payable in 60 days. If he can make no use of these funds in carrying on this speculation, he loses perhaps an admirable opportunity of accumulating money and extending his resources. He first attempts to discount the Bills of Exchange; but in this attempt he is frustrated by the high rate of discount. If then he has no Bills of Exchange, or if he be unable to discount them at a proper rate, his only resources will be, either to borrow ready capital (which may be briefly expressed by the word money) or to obtain a credit by giving his note, or a written obligation to pay it at the expiration of a certain time, when he hopes either to collect some of his debts, to sell some of his property at a suitable rate of valuation, or to make a profitable sale of the very commodity which he is now anxious to purchase. But it is impossible perhaps to borrow the money at all, or without paying a most exorbitant interest for it. His only resource therefore is, to give his own note payable at the end of a certain time. But perhaps the seller will not consent to take his note at all, or he will not take it, without augmenting the original price of his goods by a sum he may suppose to be equal to the risk he encounters, and to the inconvenience of laying out of his money, until the note becomes due. These notes are never taken at par, nor can they be discounted at the usual rate of interest. In Richmond at the present time, it is impossible to negotiate the notes of the most punctilious merchants, at a lower discount than 3 or 4 and a half per cent per month; which is four or five times greater than the legal rate of interest. As no merchant therefore can purchase these goods upon credit, without paying an additional price for them, equal to the risk and inconvenience which the seller experiences, he will be frequently prevented from making this purchase. In the same manner if the position be extended to all the classes of society who may buy & sell to those who have labour or the produce of that labour to dispose of, and to those who wish to employ their labour or to purchase its produce, it will be easy to discover, that fewer exchanges would be made, that less productive industry would be employed, and that a smaller addition would be made to the national wealth, than what a greater extension of individual credit would contribute to effect. Is there no method then by which this credit may be extended; by which the merchant may obtain, without much loss, an active capital on his own notes, or the notes of other people; by which he may in fact convert that part of his capital which would otherwise be dead and unproductive, into active and productive stock? This question at length conducts us to an accurate view of the nature and advantages of a Bank.
A Bank may be pronounced to be a system of extended credit. Its principal operation is, to insure the credit of individuals, by substituting its own credit in place of theirs. This is an operation precisely similar in its nature to that by which one merchant receives the note of any other, and lends his own note in return. When a merchant or any individual has a note of any other person (and by this name we may also call an accepted Bill of Exchange) which he wishes to have discounted, or when he wishes to raise money or a ready capital upon his own note, he finds a ready reference in an application to the bank. He leaves his own note
for the note of another person at the bank, and obtains in exchange one of its own notes, commonly called a bank note. This bank note will circulate with ease from one person to another, without loss, because, by presenting it to the bank, money may at any time be obtained for it in all transactions; therefore, a bank note will answer all the purposes of specie. By this operation the bank and the individual are each of them benefitted. The bank receives the note of the individual with proper securities, and at the expiration of the time when it becomes due, commonly 60 days, recovers in its own notes or in specie, the actual sum lent, with the legal interest on it for that period. The individual on the other hand, having deposited his own note or the note of another person in the bank, is benefitted by receiving in exchange one of its notes, whose actual amount is not to great, from the reservation of the legal interest, which will be due on it for that period. The bank acquires all its profits by the accumulation of these legal interests, and in what way it effects this object, will be hereafter explained. The individual not only enjoys the advantage of a ready discount on his own notes or the notes of other people, but saves the difference between the ordinary rate of discount which has been already estimated at 2 or 50 per cent a year, and the legal rate of interest at 6 per cent referred at the bank.
It is by an operation of this kind, that the Bank principally extends the substantial credit of individuals; that it enables them to make an immediate use of any part of their inactive capital, whether that capital consists of real property or of the notes of others due at some future period. It is by an operation of this kind, therefore that enterprising individuals are enabled to multiply their purchases; to employ more productive industry and to increase the wealth of a nation.
I have hitherto mentioned but two operations by which the banks may serve to convert the dead capital of an individual into productive stock, and by which it consequently issues its own promissory notes. These two operations are discounting Bills of Exchange, and discounting the notes of individuals, who live in the same town where the bank is established. But there is another operation, by which according to Adam Smith the banking companies of Scotland have principally contributed to promote the commerce of that country. This was by "granting, what they called cash accounts"; that is, by giving credit to the extent of a certain sum to any individual who could procure two persons of undoubted credit and good landed estate to become surety for him, that whatever money should be advanced to him, within the sum for which the credit had been given should be repaid upon demand, together with the legal interest. The early terms upon which the Scotch banking companies accept of repayment are peculiar to them. Whoever has a credit of this kind with one of the companies, and borrows a thousand pounds upon it for example, may repay this sum piece-meal by 20 and 50 pounds at a time, the company discounting a proportionable part of the interest of the great sum, from the day on which each of those small sums is paid in, till the whole be in this manner repaid. Mr. Smith then attempts to explain the advantageous effect of this operation, which saves the necessity of keeping any part of his capital unemployed and inactive in his coffers, for answering occasional demands, and thus enables him to employ a greater capital in his business. "That part of his capital which a dealer" (or any individual) "is obliged to keep by him unemployed and in ready money, for answering occasional demands, is so much dead stock, which so long as it remains in this situation, produces nothing either to him or to his country. The judicious operations of banking enable him to convert this dead stock into active and productive stock; into materials to work upon, into tools to work with, and into provisions and subsistence to work for: into stock which produces something both to himself and to his country."
From these considerations, we may now collect a general view of a Bank, and of the principal services which it renders to individuals. It appears to be an investment or actual funds, on the faith of which certain notes are issued. A specie or real property can at any time be obtained for these notes at the Bank, they have nearly the same circulation as specie, and their value is generally at par. These notes are chiefly issued in discounting Bills of Exchange or in discounting notes, or in advances upon cash accounts. When the Banks issue their notes in the discounting of Bills of Exchange, they have the effect of extending the credit of the individual, who accepts the Bill of Exchange, by advancing to the holder, a nearly equal amount in their own notes, which being equivalent to specie may be considered in the light of an active capital. When the banks issue their notes in discounting bills drawn by individuals in the town where they are established, they may also be considered as extending the credit of the individuals, whether that credit be bottomed on an inactive fund already in their hands, or on a fund which will soon come into their hands from the repayment of the debts due to them. When the Banks issue their notes by advances on cash accounts, they have the effect of enlarging the quantity of active and productive capital in the employment of the individual. The principal services, therefore, which a bank seems to render to individuals consist in extending their substantial credit, and in augmenting their productive capital.
DR. JOHN BROCKENBROUGH was on Wednesday, appointed Cashier of the Bank of Virginia, 10 votes out of the twelve, which were given, being in his favour.
THIS Evening will be presented at the Theatre, the new comedy of the Soldier's Daughter, written by Cherry. A late English publication speaks of this play in the following terms: "In addition to its merit as an actor, he (Cherry) has lately secured himself a distinguished rank among our dramatic authors, by the production of the Soldier's Daughter, a Comedy, now in the zenith of its attraction. We understand he is to receive from the Bookseller, no less than £300 for the copy right. It is certainly one of the very few modern Comedies, that will stand the test of time."
Should the Comedians of the Richmond Theatre so far as much justice to the Soldier's Daughter, as they rendered on Thursday night, to the merits of "The Stranger," there can be no doubt, that she also will become a favourite of the public.
We understand that General Armstrong, who is appointed Minister to France, will embark his passage on board the ship Thomas, bound for Nantz, to sail early in August. N. York paper.
The New York State Society of the Cincinnati, have determined to erect a Monument to the memory of Alexander Hamilton.
A number of the citizens of Philadelphia, among whom are the members of the Bar, and the Maryland Society of Cincinnati, have resolved to wear crapes for 30 days.
DEATH. Died suddenly at his feet, in the county of Bedford, on Friday the 29th ult. The Honorable JOHN TAYLOR, member of Congress.
TO THE PEOPLE OF VIRGINIA.
From a letter lately addressed by Peter Johnson, of Prince Edward, to the Chairman of the General Committee in Richmond, it appears, that the circumstances which occurred in the electoral ticket for this state a new arrangement, by which the name of Thomas Reid, of Charlotte, was substituted for that of Mr. Johnston, have not been correctly understood. The General Committee would have communicated to the public at an earlier day, the following letter, had they not been impressed with a belief, that Mr. Johnston's character so uniformly sustained from the time of the war until the present period, had placed him beyond the reach of any malevolent insinuations. It will be now seen, that this arrangement, so far from justifying any imputation on Mr. Johnston, affords the strongest evidence of his candor and liberality.
By order of the General Committee, PHILIP N. NICHOLAS, Chairman. J. H. TOUSHEL, Secretary.
SIR, Yours of February 18 was duly received, and in reply, beg leave to assure you, that the members of this Committee cheerfully accept of the appointment made by the Republican meeting at the city of Richmond. You may rest assured that every exertion which an ardent and unflinching attachment to the cause of liberty can effect, will be made to give success to the Republican Ticket.
When we call to mind, the perilous crisis through which America has lately passed, and consider the present happy and auspicious state of public affairs which, under Providence, may justly be attributed to the wisdom and patriotic services of the present administration, it is with difficulty we restrain the expression of those grateful feelings, to the Supreme Ruler of nations, which a spectacle so sublime and interesting to humanity, is calculated to excite. Long may our happy country afford to the world a proof, that republican governments are adequate to afford happiness, security, peace, prosperity, and every advantage connected with the true glory, solid grandeur, and real welfare of nations; and that the blessings may be perpetuated to latest posterity, in our most ardent wishes.
The Committee take the liberty to express the satisfaction they feel, in forwarding the enclosed letter from Major Peter Johnston, and to unite with the Corresponding Committee of Charlotte, in the expression of our wishes, that Col. Thomas Read may again be enrolled on the Republican Ticket, for this district. We consider this tribute of respect justly due to the early, uniform, firm, and now aged patriot of the revolution, and the many and constant advocate of the republican cause. We beg leave further to observe, that the prompt and polite manner in which Major Johnston has declined the appointment, has excited towards him, on our part, the most lively sentiments of respect; and that this new proof of his devotion to the cause of republicanism, while it greatly enhances him in our estimation, affords for him, a fresh claim to the confidence of his country.
We will add, that we think it is due to the public and the gentlemen concerned, that this correspondence should be made public.
I am, most respectfully, Your Fellow-Citizen, ARCHIBALD M c ROBERT, To PHILIP N. NICHOLAS, Chairman of the General Committee at Richmond.
DEAR SIR, I HAVE been informed that pleasure to inform you that the feelings of Col. Read have been strongly excited, because my name has been substituted on the Republican Electoral Ticket, for his, which stood on the list at the last election of President and Vice President of the United States. It seems too, that many respectable persons in this district, participate in the sensations expressed by Col. Read on that subject, in a letter which he has addressed to the Corresponding Committee of Charlotte. Entertaining, as I do, the warmest esteem for a gentleman so respectable in his private character, and so distinguished for the ardent zeal and manly firmness with which he has uniformly maintained the cause of republicanism, I am unwilling to be instrumental, in the remotest manner, to any act which may inflict even a slight wound on his sensibility. It is certain that he will vote, as I should, at the approaching presidential election; and, altho' the honor of an electoral appointment is one which highly values, yet since it is probable that much pain will be produced to the feelings of a virtuous man, and a fellow citizen might be engendered among our political friends in this quarter, should my name remain upon the ticket, you have my full consent to propose to the General Committee of Correspondence at Richmond, that Col. Read shall be nominated for this district, instead of myself.
It would be superfluous for me to express a wish, that in making this change, the motives and circumstances which have led to it may be publicly understood: as, otherwise, my own political integrity might be subjected to suspicion.
I am, With sincere esteem and respect, Dear Sir, your most obedient servant, P. JOHNSTON. Prince Edward, March 21st, 1804. To the Rev. ARCHIBALD M c ROBERT, Chairman of the Committee of Correspondence in the County of Prince Edward.
The subscriber wishing to remove to the Western country, offers for sale
THE VALUABLE TRACT OF LAND
ON which he at present resides, lying in Caroline county, about midway between Richmond and Fredericksburg, contiguous to Mr. John Hopkins tract, (well known by the name of Ball'sfield) and bounded by Pamunkey River on the one side, and a public road on the other. This tract contains about 400 acres, one fourth of which is well timbered, lies very level, and a part of it well cultivated for meadow ground, having a number of small rivulets running through it. The soil is well known to be adapted to the culture of every kind of produce suited to this climate. There are a number of valuable improvements on the above tract of land, viz: a commodious dwelling house and every convenient out house, a good Garden, a valuable young apple and peach orchard, &c.
WILL ALSO BE SOLD, ON THE PREMISES, A LIKELY NEGRO MAN & WOMAN, some stock of every kind, the crop of corn, wheat and tobacco, household and kitchen furniture, plantation utensils, &c. &c.
Whoever may wish to purchase such a tract of land as this, will apply to the subscriber for terms. The purchaser may have the privilege of losing the earth this fall, and have quiet possession on the first day of January next, on which day all other property therein mentioned, will be offered for Cash, or fair, where will, the next fair day.
WILLIAM E. WYATT, Caroline County July 28. (3w)
THE SUBSCRIBER INTENDS to Practice Law in the County Courts of Middlesex and Halifax; and in the District Courts of Brunswick and Prince Edward. J. NELSON, Jun. Middlesex, July 12. 1804

Miscellaneous.
COMMUNICATION.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE ENQUIRER.
THE elegant extracts you have given from Darwin's life, induce me to believe that you will readily give one from his Botanic Garden, which I have taken the liberty to adapt by the change of one word only, to the memory of Mrs. CORNILLON, who was buried yesterday in this city.
There her sad consort, reeling through the gloom Of mourning day-officers, gazes on her tomb; Hanging in mute anguish o'er the featur'd heart, Or graves with trembling style the votive verse.
COMMUNICATION.
The following lines from the pen of Thomas Moore, the celebrated translator and rival of Anacreon, are written with exquisite taste, fancy and feeling. Never did Anacreon, or Petrarch, or Prior, or Waller, in their happiest moments of inspiration, warble a sweeter strain.
Give virtue fandish , innocence a fear, And wound the virtuous matron's modest ear. Do not, accomplished young man, deem a stranger, (who admires your exalted genius and exquisite sensibility,) impertinently obtrusive or monkish-austere, when he presumes to remind you, that a muse like thine should never warble a strain that is not in unison with the purest sentiments of virtue.
A LOVER OF POETRY.
* An allusion is here made to some verses which appeared in the Port Folio, under the inscription of the WEDDING KING.
From Poems published under the assumed name of LITTLE, by MOORE, the elegant translator of Anacreon.
Sweet lady look not thus again, Those little pouting smiles recall A maid remember'd now with pain, Who was my love, my life, my all. Oh! while this heart delicious took Sweet poison from her thrilling eye, Thus would SHE pout, and lip, and look, And I would hear, and gaze, and sigh.
TO THE EDITOR OF THE BRITISH PRESS. SIR,
I have the honour to inform you, by a letter I received this morning from a correspondent in Germany, that Dr. Olbers has discovered a planet, which, from its immense size he has called Herculea. It is three times the size of Jupiter, and goes round the Sun in the space of 211 years, because it is supposed to be 3,047,000,000 of miles from the Sun; it looks to the naked eye like a star of the fifth magnitude, and now in the sign Gemini.
CURIOSITY.—A CASKET at the dwelling of Major William Kerr, on the Frederick-town road, about three miles from this city, was a few days since hatched, inviting its neck, head and back in natural form; but from the shoulders to the tail it had two bodies conjoined, four wings and four legs, all of perfect symmetry.
"TERRIBLE TRACTORATION."
[A new work, the production of an American genius, in England, has lately been published in this country, entitled "Terrible Tractoration." It is written in the manner of Hudibras, accompanied by a mass of ingenious and satirical notes. We cannot better introduce it to the attention of the public, than by copying the preface of the American Publisher.]
[Pilla. Gaz.]
PREFACE.
IN laying the present volume before Americans, the publisher deems it necessary to offer but one motive, its SUPERLATIVE MERIT. As a work of science, literature, wit, humour and fancy, he has the authority of the first critics, that it stands unrivalled among the productions of the present age.
PHER CAUSTIC," to be an American, a Citizen of Vermont.
A few circumstances connected with his history, which have come to the publisher's knowledge, he should deem it an act of justice to genius to withhold from the public.
The gentleman, to whom the world is indebted for this performance, is THOMAS GREEN FESSENDEN, the son of a respectable clergyman of Walpole, New-Hampshire.
In the year 1801, Mr. Fessenden was induced to embark for London, chiefly with a view of introducing an hydraulic machine, which, by several of his best friends, who became sharers in the enterprise, was regarded as a very important invention.
The protection of the great, as is not unusual on such occasions, not being continued long enough to give the mill a fair experiment, and our author being the only man in the concern possessed of talent as well as character to take the management of the establishment, the burthen of the whole necessarily devolved on him; and we understand there is reason to apprehend that his great exertions have hitherto been but ill requited.
Another circumstance which we are competent also to state, still further enhances his talents, and will increase the astonishment of the reader. Previous to his entering on the composition of this Poem, which was in February, 1803, he had been during his residence in England, through his laborious and unwarmed application to the interests of the mill, almost a stranger to books, and unknown to men of letters.
This circumstance, it may well be conceived, was little congenial to a mind of such integrity as we are assured distinguishes his own, and to the feelings of so fixed a foe to vice of every species as is apparent in every page of this poem.
The volume of "Original Poems" are by this period probably out of the press, and we shall venture to express our conviction that we shall find them, on the arrival of a copy in this country of sufficient merit to induce us to lay them also soon before the American public.
The Metallic Tractors, which, from the Title Pages, one might be led to suppose, constituted the entire subject of the present work, will be found, in reality, not to be the prime object of the poet.
But without expatiating on the merits of the Poem, which, in the Publisher would be indecorous and unnecessary, he may perhaps be permitted just to state, that it has been ascribed by various critics in England, to the pens of Mr. Gifford, Dr. Wolcot, (alias Peter Pindar,) Mr. Huddersford, &c. but to the great honour of American genius, and that Bard in particular, who never before was beyond the atmosphere of the Green Mountains, it was generally remarked, that the writings of neither of those gentlemen had evinced so much science as this author displays.
* NATHANIEL CHIPMAN, Esquire, who, besides great accomplishments as a lawyer, is eminently distinguished for superior attainments in the high walks of both science and literature.
The Editor does not believe that this Poem is yet to be found in the Book-Stores of Richmond.
Is not Christopher Caustic the same Author who is spoken of in the Boston Palladium of July 17th in the following terms?
We are happy in being able to inform our readers that the author of "Caustic's Petition," &c. a work highly celebrated in Europe, has returned to his native country. We have some encouragement to hope, that the effusions of his pen will frequently decorate the columns of the Palladium.
A cure for the bite of a mad dog, by Dr. De Moneta, physician in ordinary to his Polish majesty. The doctor advises to cover the wound with fresh earth, or with mud, to imbibe the saliva of the animal, and then to wash it with water.
It gives us considerable pleasure to state, that Alexander McClure, Esq. who arrived a few days ago from the East-Indies, in the ship Horizon, has not been inactive during his absence, to the interests of this country; for during his stay at the Isle of France, Mozambique, and at the Cape of Good Hope, he, with great pains, collected a variety of seeds of useful plants, which have not heretofore been introduced into this country.
This circumstance, it may well be conceived, was little congenial to a mind of such integrity as we are assured distinguishes his own, and to the feelings of so fixed a foe to vice of every species as is apparent in every page of this poem.
The following sketches, respecting the country and nation of the Choctaws are taken from letters written by Silas Dinsmore, Esq. Agent for Government, and now residing with that nation. To a private friend. [Bost. Repertory.]
Having already given you an account of what this country does produce, I will now give you an account of what it is capable of producing. And first of the necessary articles. Maize or Indian Corn, rye, wheat, barley, beans, peas, potatoes, both Irish and French, every species of hortulan plant known in New-England, & some that will not grow in that climate.
CHARACTER OF A CHOCTAW. "For the character of these people, collect all the vices possible for ignorant people to commit, with a certain portion of the most amiable virtues, heighten the contrast, by uniting complacency and tenderness with the most obdurate vindictive temperament; shake all together and take out a dose sufficient to hang a white man, and you have a Choctaw."
The chiefs from the Osage nation of Indians, with their king we are informed, will arrive in town to-day, from the Federal city. The following description of these strangers will give our readers some idea of their persons and dispositions, but what may excite their curiosity much more, is a military anecdote which was related to us by an intelligent gentleman, this morning.
Extract of a letter from Washington, to the Editors of the American.
The Osage Indians who lately arrived in this city, were, on Tuesday elected by the president and several officers of the general government to the navy yard for the purpose of viewing the U. S. frigates United States, Chesapeake, Adams, and General Greene, now lying in the Eastern Branch.
In order to show their gratitude to the citizens of this place, for their polite attention, a circular piece of ground was inclosed yesterday afternoon, in which, at the setting of the sun, they presented the inhabitants with a new species of entertainment—the WAR DANCE.
LITERARY INTELLIGENCE.
Thomas Campbell, author of the Pleasures of Hope, is writing at London an Allegorical Poem, illustrative of a series of designs, by one of the Princesses—The subject is Cupid turned Volunteer.
Southey is engaged on a History of Portugal. Walter Scott, editor of the Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border, and writer of several spirited Poems, is about to publish a Poetical Romance, called "The Lady of the Minstrel."
Brigade Major Lambton, in the British East-India Company's service, has completed the measurement, in the East-Indies, of an acre of the meridian of the earth, so essential, by a comparison with similar measurements now carrying on in England and Spain, and lately executed in Lapland, for determining the exact dimensions of the globe.
The East India company have liberally determined to have the triangles extended through seven or eight degrees of latitude for the still more accurate determination of the lengths of degrees in those latitudes; and this is intended to form the basis of a survey of the country, similar to the grand survey of England, carrying on under Major Mudge.
An extraordinary case in the annals of population deferves to be made public—in the eparchy of Tambus, in Russia, were born in the year 1803, 26,746 boys, 21,998 girls, together 48,744 children, married 10,825 couples, died, 10,026 males 9,233 females, in all 19,259; that is, the births exceeds the deaths by 29,485, far more than half.
VALUABLE HOUSES & LOTS.
THE SUBSCRIBER OFFERS FOR SALE OR RENT,
THAT handsome BRICK TENEMENT in which he at present resides, beautifully situated on Shockoe Hill, a short distance from the Capitol, in a very healthy and agreeable part of the city.
ALSO, FOR RENT OR LEASE, A final, neat, two-story BRICK TENEMENT, (in the neighbourhood of Mr. Thomas Rutherford) containing five good rooms, passages, closets, &c. &c. with the requisite out buildings, and a good well of water.
AND FOR SALE,
Several handsome unimproved HALF-ACRE LOTS, eligibly situated on the Hill. A great bargain may be had in any part or the whole of the above property offered for sale, and liberal credit given for the greater part of the money.
SPOTSWOOD LIPSCOMBE.
IRISH LINENS & SHEETINGS.
THE subscribers have just received a few Boxes of 7-8 and 4-4 IRISH LINENS, and 5-4 SHEETINGS from B Liss, which they will sell on moderate terms.
ELLIS & ALLAN.
We have received a small additional supply of MADERA WINE.
OF a superior quality, which we offer for sale by the hoghead and quarter-cask. GIBSON & JEFFERSON.
ADVERTISEMENT.
On the 6th day of September next, at the late dwelling house of Capt. John Hedges, dec. on Chipewanomie, near Dinwiddie, WILL BE SOLD, on a credit of twelve months, at public sale, to the highest bidder.
TWO TRACTS OF LAND, situate in Prince William county, containing about twelve hundred acres, of good quality, well timbered and improved, and a large proportion of it low grounds suitable for meadow. Also, about 25 LIKELY SLAVES, and all the other personal property of the estate of the said Hedges.
AT A QUARTERLY COURT CONTINUED AND HELD FOR PRINCE EDWARD COUNTY, MAY THE 22nd, 1804.
WILLIAM WHITE, & Co. Plaintiffs. AGAINST THOMAS GIBSON & ROBERT B. GIBSON, Defendants. IN CHANCERY.
THE defendant Thomas Gibson not having entered his appearance and given security according to an act of the General Assembly, and the rules of this court; and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that he is not an inhabitant of this state: on the motion of the plaintiffs, by their counsel, it is ordered, that the said defendant Thomas Gibson do appear here on the first day of August court next, and answer the plaintiffs' bill; and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in some one of the public newspapers printed in the city of Richmond for two months successively; and also posted at the front door of the courthouse of this county.
A Copy. Teste, BENJAMIN WATKINS, D. C.
FOR SALE,
A TRACT OF LAND, IN Powhatan county, on Appomattox River, where it is navigable, known by the name of McCaul's Quarter, containing 420 acres: this land lies about four miles from the Court House, and is well adapted to the culture of Tobacco, small grain and corn. Samuel Woodson, who lives near the land, will show it to any person who may wish to purchase.
MUTUAL ASSURANCE OFFICE,
THE very extraordinary Fires that have taken place since the institution of the Mutual Insurance against fire on goods and furniture in the state of Virginia, renders it necessary to call a quota from each member who was insured previous to the 23rd of February last.
A compliance with this requisition will reinstate the funds agreeable to the intention of the law and the rules and regulations of this company, and thereby enable them to pay for losses in future—and where it is considered that many of the members have been insured more than six years for premiums which do not average more than 3 per cent; the advantages of this humane Institution no doubt be properly appreciated.
BENJAMIN DUVAL, President M. I. C.
* As each member has been furnished with a Copy of the Constitution Rules and regulation of the Company by referring to which, they will see the Incorporation act. The printers in this state are requested to insert the above once a week for four weeks in their respective papers. July 18. law4w
VIRGINIA:
AT A SUPERIOR COURT OF CHANCERY, HOLDEN IN RICHMOND, MAY 19. 1804.
BETWEEN JOSEPH C. BROWN, RICHARD B. GOODE & WILLIAM BROWN, Plaintiffs. AND ROBERT OMBERSON, Defendant.
THIS cause, by consent of parties, came on this nineteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and four, to be heard on the bill and answer, and was argued by counsel; on consideration whereof, the court adjudgeth and decreeth, that, unless the defendant on or before the twenty-fourth day of July next, pay to the plaintiff, William Brown, one thousand four hundred dollars, with interest thereon, after the rate of six per centum per annum, to be computed from the twenty-fourth day of January, one thousand eight hundred and three, till payment, and the costs expended by the plaintiffs in prosecuting this suit, that Joseph C. Brown and Richard B. Goode, after giving three weeks notice in one or more of the Richmond newspapers, do expose to public sale by auction, for ready money, the Half Acre Lot of Land, with the Appurtenances, lying in that part of the City of Richmond called Rocketts, designated in the trust by the defendant, to the forenamed Joseph C. Brown and Richard B. Goode, for the purpose as is alleged in the bill and admitted by the answer, of securing the said principal money and interest, the deed for which hath been destroyed as is also alleged; and admitted; and out of the money arising from the sale, pay to the plaintiff, William Brown, the said principal money, interest and costs; and the surplus, if any, after deducting the expenses attending the sale, pay to the defendant, and report their proceedings in execution hereof to the court. A Copy. Teste, PETER TINSLEY, C. C.
LOT & APPURTENANCES
BY the consent and request of Robert Omber- son, we shall proceed to SELL, the LOT & APPURTENANCES mentioned and described in the above decreed order, upon the terms therein mentioned, on Wednesday, the 1st day of August next, upon the premises, between the hours of 10 and 2 of the clock. JOSEPH C. BROWN, RICHARD B. GOODE. July 21.
BILLS OF LADING, SHERIFF'S BLANKS, BLANK BONDS, &c. &c. FOR SALE AT THIS OFFICE.