The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1804-10-17 00:00:00

THE ENQUIRER.
RICHMOND, (Virginia) PUBLISHED BY RITCHIE & WORSLEY, OPPOSITE THE POST-OFFICE...AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM...payable in advance.
NUMBER 47.]
WEDNESDAY MORNING, OCTOBER 17, 1804.
[VOLUME 1.]
CONDITIONS.
 I. The ENQUIRER will appear twice a week...During the Session of Congress and the Virginia Legislature, either a third paper or a supplementary half-sheet, during the week.  II. Terms of payment FIVE DOLLARS per annum, in advance.  III. ADVERTISEMENTS, from those who do not subscribe to the paper, should they not exceed a square in length, shall be inserted for seventy-five cents the first time, fifty cents for each time during three weeks, and for every additional insertion thirty-three cents; long ones in the same proportion.  IV. SUBSCRIBERS shall have their advertisements inserted for fifty cents the first time, and thirty-three cents for every additional insertion. 
"HIGHLY IMPORTANT."
THE republican printers throughout this state are requested to state in their papers, that the election for Electors of a President and Vice-President of the United States, will be held on the first Monday of November next, at the Court-house of each county and corporation in this commonwealth; and that the persons chosen as Electors, are to meet at the Capitol in the city of Richmond, on the first Wednesday in December next, to vote for a President and Vice-President.
September 15.—[ep1m.]
TO LIKELY NEGROES.
ANY person wishing to purchase about 70 Likely Negroes, may hear where he can be accommodated by applying at the Office of the Enquirer.
October 3. if
BROKER'S OFFICE.
THE Subscriber has opened a Broker's Office in one of the apartments above Mr. Burr's Store. All business confided to him, will be transacted with strict fidelity.
October 3. if
NOTICE.
ALL persons having claims against the estate of Capt. Thomas Nelson, late of King William County, are desired to bring them in, properly attested, to the Subscriber, who has qualified as executor of his father's will; and he takes this occasion to assure the creditors, that as soon as their accounts are liquidated and the balances ascertained, he will make ample provision to meet every just demand, as speedily as possible.
THOMAS CARY NELSON. King Wm. Co. Va. 1m
FOR SALE,
At Louisa Courthouse, on the first Wednesday in December next,
182 VALUABLE SLAVES,
CONSISTING of Men, Women, Boys and Girls, belonging to the estate of Christopher Smith, Esq. Among them is a valuable TANNER, regularly bred to the business. The Subscriber has refused to sell any of them privately, and they will certainly be offered at public sale at the time above mentioned. A credit till the 10th of February, 1806, will be given, on the purchasers giving bonds with approved security, to carry interest from the date; but if the principal is punctually paid, the interest will be remitted.
CHARLES SMITH, Acting Executor of Christopher Smith, dec. October 3. (ep1d)
DATES'S ALMANAC—FOR 1805—Published by Messrs. Davis & Courtney, may be had at the Office of the Enquirer.
September 13. ep1f
A WET NURSE.
WANTED to hire or purchase, a Wet Nurse without a child of her own. Enquire of the Printers.
August 8.—tf
JUST RECEIVED BY THE SUBSCRIBERS, FOR PRIVATE SALE,
THREE Bales of INDIA COTTON, either by the bale or single piece?—Which if not disposed of before, will on Thursday the 1st day of November next, be sold privately without reserve for cash.
PROSSER & MONCURE, V. M rs . October 10.—[td.]
THE SUBSCRIBER
HAS JUST RECEIVED FROM NORFOLK, A CONSIGNMENT of 50 Barrels, 8 Tierces, & 2 Hds. BROWN SUGAR, which he will sell reasonable for cash, or negotiable notes, at 60 days. He has also, COFFEE by the Barrel, and Spanish SEGARS by the Box, all of which articles are good in quality.
DANIEL TRIPLETT. October 10.—[td.]
BANK OF VIRGINIA.
AT a meeting of the President and Directors of the Bank of Virginia, on Thursday October 4th, 1804.
"RESOLVED, That the Bank commence Discounts on Tuesday next."
"RESOLVED, That the President, Cashier and other officers of the Bank, proceed to business on Monday next, in the Senate Room of the Capitol."
"RESOLVED, That it is expedient, that any House or firm, consisting of more than one person, shall make a declaration of the names and surnames of the persons who compose such firm, and that each of the persons who reside in Richmond or Manchester, composing such firm, shall subscribe the Firm Book, and insert therein the names of his partner or partners."
J. BROCKENBROUGH, Cashier. N. B. Persons applying for discounts must lodge their Notes at the Bank on the Monday and Thursday of every week. J. B.
NEGROES—FOR SALE.
A LIKELY NEGRO WOMAN, about 35 years old, with three children; two Girls 13 and 8 years old, and a Boy 5 or 6. They are now living with Mrs. Brewer in Bedford county, and will be sold here for cash. Apply to the Editor of The Enquirer, or the Subscriber.
LAURENCE MUSE. Tappahannock, Sept. 29. [td.]
Printing,
IN ALL ITS VARIETY, EXECUTED AT THE OFFICE of the ENQUIRER.
FALL GOODS.
WILLIAM TEMPLE has received by the ship Edward and Charles, from London, AN EXTENSIVE ASSORTMENT OF GOODS, suitable to the approaching season. He expects an ADDITIONAL SUPPLY, to complete his assortment, by the ship Sally from London, and Latona from Liverpool; which he will dispose of on his usual low terms.
Sept. 8. ep1f
WASHINGTON TAVERN.
THE subscriber has taken a lease of this tenement for a number of years, and has put it in a state of repair which renders it not inferior to any in this City. Besides the Tavern he has detached buildings, well calculated to accommodate those who are anxious of greater privacy than a tavern usually affords. These tenements adjoin the public square, and are within two hundred yards of the Capitol. They have decided advantages over any other houses in this City, with respect to pure air and excellent water. He has good STABLES and a constant supply of the best FORAGE. He tends his services to his friends and the public, and assures them, that no unlawful gaming, nor any other practice which might, in any degree, have a tendency to destroy the peace of his house, will ever be permitted.
EDWARD HALLAM. Richmond, September 26.
N. B. About thirty members of the next Assembly may be well accommodated, if room eighteen have already engaged. E. H.
NOTICE.
THE office of Supervisor of the Revenue for the District of Virginia being discontinued, and the unfinished business of the said Office transferred to me; the Collectors of the Direct Tax and Internal Revenue, whose accounts have not been finally adjusted and paid, are hereby informed, that they are now requested to call at my office, in the city of Richmond, without delay, and pay the balances due to the United States—And those whose lands have been sold in the District of Virginia by authority of an act of Congress of the United States for non-payment of the Direct Tax, may redeem such lands, by paying to me within the time limited, the principal costs and fees as the law directs.
As most of the abovenamed lands were sold in Dec. 1802, the privilege of redemption will continue until December next.
The money received by me for the redemption of the said lands, will be returned to the purchaser, with interest at the rate of 25 per cent per annum on the purchase money, to the day on which it may be paid to me.
JOSEPH SCOTT. Marshal V. D. July 7. ep—tf.
EDUCATION.
THE Trustees of Winchester Academy acquaint the public, that the Latin, Greek and French languages, together with Writing, Arithmetic, Geography, the use of the Globes, Euclid, and the practical branches of the Mathematics, are taught in the Academy, by the principal Master and his assistants.
The school is provided with Globes and Maps, for the use of the lower classes; with Telescopes and an Electrical Machine; with an Air-pump, Eudiometer, and other parts of a Chemical and Philosophical apparatus, for making the usual experiments on Air, and exhibiting the properties of the different elastic fluids.
In their examinations of the school, the Trustees have been highly pleased with the plan of teaching and the proficiency of the Pupils; and are extremely happy in adding, what they believe must greatly increase the utility of the institution, that Judge White will, in future, deliver in the Academy, a Course of Lectures on the Laws and Constitutions of this state, and the United States.
These Lectures will commence annually on the first Monday in December, and continue until the last of the succeeding March, and it is confidently believed, that every exertion in his power, will be made by that gentleman, to render his Lectures beneficial to his Pupils, and worthy of public patronage.
JOHN SMITH, President of the Trustees. September 22. (ep—tw.)
WANTED ON HIRE;
A WOMAN without a Child, who is a good Cook, Washer, and Ironer. Liberal wages are offered for one who can come well recommended.
ALSO—A GIRL, from 12 to 16, who has been accustomed to wait in a house. Apply at the Enquirer Office. Sept. 8.
LAND—FOR SALE.
I AM authorised to sell a Valuable Tract of Farming Land, lying within two miles of King and Queen Court House, and the same distant from the river; containing Six Hundred and Seventy-five acres. A bargain may be had if an early application is made to
JOHN TEMPLE. October 6. e84
We have received a small additional supply of MADEIRA WINE,
OF a superior quality, which we offer for sale by the hoghead and quarter-cask.
GIBSON & JEFFERSON. July 18. ep1f
THIRTY DOLLARS REWARD.
ABSENTED himself on Thursday the 12th July last a Negro Boy named GEORGE; Virginia born, about 26 years of age, five feet high, very out-mouthed; is fond of Gambling, his front teeth a little decayed—he had on when he went away, a brown Fustian Jacket: two Waistcoats, one a brown Calico; brown Linnen Pantaloons, with Suspenders; and is very fond of wearing a Neckcloth with a large Pad in it—Had no Hat on when he went away, but probably may purchase one. It is very probable he is gone off to the Northward. Whoever takes up said Boy, and delivers him to the Master of the Work-House, in this city, shall receive the above reward, and all reasonable expenses.
W. P. YOUNG, No. 41 Broad-Street. Charleston, S. C. Oct. 1, 1804. 3L
FOR SALE.
Will be offered for sale, by way of Public Auction, to the highest bidder, on Wednesday the first day of next month:
THE HALF ACRE LOT OF LAND and TENEMENT lying at Rocketts, late the property of Robert Omberston, deceased. The buildings on this Lot are convenient and valuable, and the lot will, it is believed, admit of a partition into three tenements; so partitioned, the whole or two parts at least will be sold, and a complete title made in fee simple. Approved notes of persons residing in Richmond, payable at Sixty days, will be received in payment by the subscriber. Wm. BROWN. October 13. td.
THREE DWELLING HOUSES
TO BE RENTED.
ONE situate at the foot of Adams' hill, and but a small distance from the Masons Hall, lately occupied by Mr. Thomas Underwood; on this lot there is a very good and well enclosed garden, a well of excellent water and other conveniences.
One other situate in the alley between the street leading to Shockey's warehouse, and that leading to Mayo's Bridge, lately occupied by Mr. John Robbins.
The other situate in the back street near Harris's Tobacco-manufactory, and the Rock landing—having a large garden well enclosed, and at present occupied by Mr. Henry Tompkins.
Possession of the two first described may be had immediately, and of the other on the first of January next.
Apply to JOSEPH GALLEGO. WHO HAS FOR SALE, A light Coach, newly new, with plated mounted harness, complete for two horses. 13th October. (ep1f.)
FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.
MEMOIR, IN JUSTIFICATION OF GENERAL MOREAU.
[CONTINUED.]
FOURTH CHARGE.—Interviews with Pichegru, and other Royalists;—Overtures made or received.
Seven months had elapsed since Moreau had heard the name of Lajolais, when one morning, about the close of last winter, he received a visit from that gentleman. In that visit he learnt from him, with infinite surprise, that Pichegru was then in Paris. Lajolais pressed him to consent to see Pichegru, who wished to confer the manner of procuring his public return to France. Moreau refused: observing, that his return to France, without the authority of government, subjected him, if recognized, to arrest, and that he did not think it prudent, as that arrest might take place even during their interview, to expose himself to every false interpretation that might be given to such a circumstance, particularly as he had sufficiently suffered from such misrepresentation, in consequence of the letter of the 17th Fructidor, then and since so little understood. Lajolais however pressed the subject, and proposed several places of meeting, insisting on the strong desire Pichegru had to speak with him. Moreau, on his side, as obstinately persisted to refuse this indulgence.
He thought that he should hear no more on this subject, when, about eight o'clock on an evening early in Pluviose last, Lajolais and two other persons were announced. He repaired to the hall and there found Pichegru, Lajolais, and Couchery. This Couchery was the friend of Lajolais, who, about six months before, had waited on Moreau at the Tuileries. He had any letter to send to Pichegru, who received from Moreau the answer that he had no communication to make to that gentleman, and farther, that he certainly could not hold any relation with him while he remained in a country at war with France.
Moreau was extremely embarrassed at this meeting; after what had passed in the year 5, he never could have pardoned himself had Pichegru now been arrested in his house. He shewed him into a library adjoining the hall, where they remained some minutes. In this interview Pichegru spoke only of his desire to be erased from the list of emigrants, of his wish to be allowed to return to France, of the means of procuring a passport to leave it at present, of their former comrades, &c. &c. Moreau advised him, if he wished to procure his amnesty to quit England, and remove for some time into Germany. He then begged him to retire, assuring him that if he could be of any service to him he would see him with pleasure, but that not being the case, he wished him not to repeat his visit. They were together twelve or fifteen minutes. When they rejoined Lajolais, Moreau reproached him for having brought Pichegru to his house; and, as to himself, desired that he might never return to it.
Certainly nothing could be less offensive than this interview. One proof that it could not be otherwise is its brevity. In a quarter of an hour it was impossible to unfold the plan of a conspiracy. Therefore those who speak of overtures made by Pichegru, assign them to a second meeting.
Moreau did not wish again to see neither Pichegru nor Lajolais. He had at this first meeting expressly told them so. And in effect Lajolais did not return. But some days afterwards a Monsieur Roland, who, in the years 4, 5, 8, and 9, had served under Moreau in the army of the Rhine, as inspector of the military transports, and was in the habit of occasionally paying his respects to him, waited on him in the morning. He asked a rendezvous for Pichegru, who lodged at his house. Moreau refused it! Roland observed that he had something important to impart. Moreau persisted in his refusal, but to soften this denial to an old friend in distress, told Roland that he would, if necessary, send his secretary to receive the communication of Pichegru.
He patiently waited until evening for a reply, when he was told a person waited upon him, and on repairing to his cabinet to his great astonishment found M. Pichegru. Moreau was much chagrined; but as no indifference had escaped the general at his last visit, it would have been ridiculous and indecent to have shown resentment, or to have ordered him out of the house.
Conversation at first turned on the embarrassments of Pichegru, on his desire of leave to return into France, and of obtaining a passport. But after some vague remarks, it fell upon politics; a thing not to be wondered at, when the important parts that each of them had acted are remembered. Pichegru spoke of the intended descent on England, of the dangers which might arise from the absence of the first consul, and of the changes which this event might occasion. It was then that he hinted something of the progress of opinion, directed of its republican prejudices, concerning the Bourbons, their misfortunes, and their pretensions. Without developing any determinate plan, but merely as if by a supposition that any misfortune should ensue the invasion, and that, in consequence, parties should again arise to distract France, he seemed endeavouring to sound Moreau upon his disposition towards that family.—At that moment, and for the first time, not the disclosure of a conspiracy,
but some slight insinuations, of as they are called overtures, concerning what might interest France in the event of a failure of the intended invasion, were made to Moreau. He dully, formally, and with minute exactness, repulsed every idea that their return was possible, or that such an order of things as these remarks seemed to have in view could ever exist, being totally incompatible with the national temper. Nothing in the whole process is better attested from this conversation; which terminated here, with renewed and urgent entreaties, on the part of Moreau, that Pichegru might not return. He promised, and departed.
Their parting was cold, and Pichegru seemed much discontented. No one was present at this conversation; but the dissatisfaction exhibited by Pichegru on his retiring from it, is mathematically proven. Roland, whose good will for that general cannot be doubted, tells us that on his return he said, Moreau is not of my way of thinking. Lajolais and Couchery deplore that he seemed much chagrined. The intentions which were attributed to Moreau, and the reports circulated of his sentiments, will easily account for the mortification occasioned by the disappointment of Pichegru.
However this may be, after these insinuations and the unfavourable reception given them by Moreau, he saw no more of Pichegru. It will be recollected that he also shut his door on Lajolais. All the ties between him and Pichegru were in a manner broken. Roland alone had not yet been forbidden to see him. He came again to his house the next day. He brought back the conversation to some of the ideas that fell from Pichegru the day before. A political discussion between men who had known each other almost eight years, was nothing uncommon. Roland took up the text of Pichegru. He spoke of the possible evils that might attend the invasion; of the commotions that might result from it; of the pretensions of the Bourbons, who might profit by those commotions; and plunged into a labyrinth of possibilities, from which he could not extricate himself, and each of which, he avows, were treated by Moreau as mere marks of folly.
Passing from these primary ideas to others, he questioned Moreau if he had never resolved, in case of new troubles, to possess himself of any authority. The notion of such a thing appeared to Moreau so ridiculous, that he replied to it with a smile of contempt.—"That if any new commotions should take place, there was a fanatical to control them. He hoped he was not mad; and observed, that before a mere individual, like himself, retired from the world, isolated from all affairs civil or military, could be animated by any ambitious project, the whole machine of state must be deranged, the consul, his family, and all those who then possessed authority, must be no more.—That the time for him to have coveted power, had he ever been ambitious, was when he was at the head of victorious armies."—Roland receiving this severe check soon after withdrew.
The General affirms this to be the true minute history of all his relations and conversations with Pichegru and Roland. No one affixed at their interviews, nor was a witness of what passed. No writing by the hand of Moreau exists on the subject. Pichegru is no more; but no word uttered by him contradicts what is here stated. It appears therefore, not only contravening the presumption of law in favour of innocence, but also a contradiction of the first principles of common reason, to imagine other facts or other difficulties than what are here stated.
Why then has the act of accusation called these conversations criminal, and what has been produced in contradiction of general Moreau?
According to the act of accusation, there had been another interview on the Boulevard-de-la-Madeleine, between him and Pichegru, at nine o'clock in the evening. Lajolais deposes to this interview in one of his examinations; and Couchery says he knew of it, but at the trial confessed that his knowledge was from Lajolais. Bouvet-de-Lozier, in a most extraordinary declaration, signed by him some moments after having been saved from suicide, says that he repaired to the Boulevard-de-la-Madeleine, on the day mentioned, with Pichegru, Lajolais, and others; that Lajolais came to Pichegru in a voiture to conduct him to Moreau; and that there had been a conference between them in the Elysian-Fields, from which they had every reason to believe that Moreau was opposed to the royalists.
According to the act of accusation, Armand Polignac knew, by hearsay, that there had been a conference between Moreau, Pichegru, and Georges, at Chaillot.
According to the act of accusation, Picot declared that one day Pichegru expected some person in the Elysian-Fields, who did not meet him. The Attorney-General, in admitting that Moreau did not meet him, indicates that he expected Moreau; and that he would not have expected him, had he not received his promise to be there.
According to the act of accusation, on the word of Lajolais, it is stated that Moreau appointed the first meeting with Pichegru at his house.
According to the act of accusation, on the word of Roland, Moreau also appointed the second meeting with Pichegru, at his own house, and even lent Felières to conduct him. And according to the act of accusation, Moreau, on the word of Roland, at their last conference, after having in form rejected every proposition to unite in the views of the royalists, proposed that they should adopt an entirely different plan; that they should remove out of the way both the First Consul and the Governor of Paris, that then he, Moreau, would avail himself of a party in the Senate sufficiently strong, to obtain the supreme authority; and that he should then be left to act in the cause according to the dictates of his own mind.
He must reply to all these charges in the order in which they stand; the necessity of justifying himself is distressing; but the task is not difficult.
moment, matters of the most perfect indifference one way or the other.
There could certainly be no crime in promising to meet Pichegru at Chaillot or in the Elysian-Fields, when no performance followed. There could be no crime in seeing Pichegru once on the Boulevard-de-la-Madeleine, when he had twice seen him at his own house. There could be no crime in yielding to see him at the request of Lajolais or Roland. Nor could there be a crime in sending his secretary to conduct Pichegru, or to enquire his business.
Further, if Moreau, instead of wishing the truth only to appear, had consulted his own interests, far from divulging the testimony of these spurious allegations, he would have adroitly collected them: for had they all remained in the process, such as they were given by their authors, without contradiction, who does not perceive that they would have been eminently justificatory.
Then we should have been obliged to believe Lajolais, who says that when, on Tuesday, he solicited a meeting on the Boulevard-de-la-Madeleine, Moreau postponed it until Friday, on account of a hunting party which he expected to take place in the interim. Is this probable? Moreau sends a messenger to Pichegru, in England, inviting him to Paris to co-operate in forming a conspiracy. Pichegru, obedient to the call, arrives; burning with desire to meet his accomplice; and it is but reasonable to suppose an equal anxiety on the part of Moreau to unbosom himself to Pichegru. Lajolais, who had been the envoy to England, urges that meeting to effect which he had been at so much trouble; and Moreau puts it off from Tuesday until Friday! He postpones it four days because there might be a hunt! A hunt which however did not take place! Truly a most worthy cause for deferring an affair of such importance! And the gen. has shown himself a most comical kind of a conspirator, who leaves his conspirators in a suspense of four days, and for what? for a hunt? Not so: because, forsooth, he expected to be one of a hunting party!!! Fye! fye! Can any one be so weak as to suppose that such a circumstance could have power to interrupt a plan of conspiracy?
Then we should be obliged to believe the hearsays collected by Bouvet, who tells us he heard that, in this conference, Moreau gave reason to apprehend the formal refusal to intermeddle in the affairs of the royalists, which, according to him, was afterwards given; and by Victor Couchery who says, that on the appearance of an unknown person, which by report must have been Georges, Moreau retired, and that the interview with Pichegru was succeeded and cold. If the appearance of Georges put Moreau to flight, Moreau, then, could not have been a conspirator with Georges! If the interview with Pichegru was cold and brief, Moreau did not at that time distinguish himself by an alacrity and ardour in the cause of the proscribed! And if from this concise conversation the royalists could foresee that Moreau would not unite with them, as the reports in London had taught them to hope, then it is evident that Moreau was not one of their party, and that he had not authorized those reports!
And we must also believe that if Moreau did promise to go to Chaillot and to the Elysian-Fields, he was not there, for this is accorded by the act of accusation. But at the same time we must admit, that so far from recalling Pichegru from England, so far from entering into a conspiracy with him, so far from having any interest in common with him, he evidently demonstrated, by all these appointments made and disregarded, by these pretexts of hunting parties, by this coldness at their conferences, the strongest repugnance to any relation with Pichegru; and, if unwilling to confer with him, consequently that he had no share in any of his projects, whatever those might be.
If, therefore, the general denies all these assertions, it is not because the interests of his defence requires him to do so, for that interest, we have seen, would be better promoted by suffering them to be believed, but it is from his love of truth; it is because it does not depend on him that things are not as represented; it is because he cannot, by his silence, be thought to admit that he had promised to go to the Boulevard-de-la-Madeleine, to Chaillot, nor to the Elysian-Fields, when he had made no such promise; it is because he cannot assent to the assertion that the visits of Pichegru were by appointment, when they were not merely unexpected but forbidden.
He denies having been, as alleged, at the Boulevard-de-la-Madeleine, and no one has deposed to having seen him there. Georges did not see him. Bouvet did not see him, Villeneuve did not see him. Couchery and Bouvet spoke of this interview on report, and concluded that it came from Lajolais. In his written examination Lajolais seemed to say that Moreau had been there. On the trial he complained that they had incorrectly stated his replies; he prevaricated, excused, and explained. It was evident that he did what he could to withdraw his first declaration. He said he thought he had there seen Moreau, but that he could not be positive; that he could not be quite certain that he had appointed such a meeting; nor could he decidedly assert that Pichegru and Moreau were there at the same time. We shall soon see why Lajolais first reported this rendezvous, and afterwards testified to it on his examination.
He denies having been at Chaillot. The porters of the house where Pichegru lodged in this faubourg, have declared that they never saw him there. Of this fact there is not the least proof.
He denies having been at the Elysian-Fields; he denies having promised to be there; and no one, neither witness nor accuser, had attested such promise. It was reserved for the act of accusation to say that somebody was expected there; and as somebody was expected, it could be none other than Moreau; and that as he was expected he must have been promised. Can any one look for a refutation of such reasoning! In civil matters it would be despised; to attempt to introduce it where the life is involved is in the extreme unjust and cruel.
Yet these meetings have existed in report, and Lajolais, who appears to be their author, has said that at the Madeleine took place. How shall we explain these allegations of Lajolais, concerning these different allegations at La Madeleine, Chaillot, and the Elysian-Fields; for we must attribute them to him? They explain themselves very simply.
We have already been forced to adopt a conjecture, which, however painful, we must recur to mind. Lajolais appears to have given hopes to the royalists respecting Moreau; and his apparent usefulness in the progress of their design

may have procured him a few guineas. This might succeed very well while they remained in England.
But they came to France. Lajolais either followed or met them there. There he doubtless was forcibly urged to effect a conference between Moreau and the royalists, and to procure a confirmation of his pretended engagements. His embarrassment may be well imagined, when required to bring to issue a million he had never received, to confirm promises that had never been made. But it would not have suited his purposes to have made a bland confession that he had deceived the royalists merely to procure money, but without any design of being their colleague. He set to work anew. He contrived to approach Moreau, and endeavoured to draw him into some imprudent measures. Not being able to effect his purpose this way, he appears to have invented a promised rendezvous; but to calm the impatience of Pichegru he told him, as the proceedings of the latter were postponed on account of a hunting party. He then promised a meeting on the Boulevard de la Madeleine, where he says Moreau was; none other however saw him; and to one he tells that the appearance of Georges made Moreau withdraw, to others that he spoke but one word which clearly evinced his apathy. His next promised meeting was in the Elysian-Fields, thither they repaired but met no one. He then took the only part left him, and conducted Pichegru to the house of Moreau, declaring it to have been by appointment of the latter.
Thus we see how Lajolais has been drawn, perhaps in spite of himself, and without any real design of injuring Gen. Moreau, into these false-hoods, merely to avoid dangerously committing himself with those to whom, in London, he had sold his services for a subsistence. Here also we see the explanation of his conduct at the trial, where, in the presence of that illustrious man who had been brought into jeopardy by his inventions, conscience after her terrible influence over him. He was evidently divided between personal interest and pride, which forbade him to acknowledge himself an impostor; and personal honour and probity, which commanded him not to bear false witness against Moreau; and compelled him to re-examine his former declarations, to affirm that they had not been correctly stated, or to avow that, not being a Frenchman, he was not aware of the full latitude of his own expressions; to explain away those which might imply guilt; to confess that he might have been mistaken, that Moreau had not promised a rendezvous, at the Boulevard de la Madeleine, that he was not there, and that, in one word, he had never been employed by Moreau as an emissary to London, nor as a means of communication with the royalists. This tardy sacrifice to truth, if not sufficient to repair all the injury done to Moreau by Lajolais, yet entitles the latter to some degree of indulgence.
(To be continued.)
NORFOLK, OCTOBER 11.
From London papers, which a commercial friend handed us, received by the brig Eliza, captain Malyard, arrived here yesterday, in 47 days from Jersey.
The following interesting letter is from the Jersey Gazette of the 20th August. The character and originality of many of the sentiments accord exactly with the situation and behaviour of MOREAU, that no discerning reader will doubt its authenticity.
Letter from Gen. MOREAU to his Brother, a Tribune at Paris:
"An express has brought me a permit to pass some days here with my wife and child. Of the officers who conducted me, there remains only Ranel, who has been extremely attentive, and who will accompany me to the port from which I am to embark. What ideas, what recollections have assailed me in traversing this fine country, for the purpose of leaving it—never to return!
"It seems as if they had made me pass through it in one of its longest dimensions to increase my regret. Calm your sorrows, my friend, for I shall still find in family affections resources sufficient to support the evils which surround me. I have made great sacrifices to preserve them, and to these I shall exclusively deliver myself. I know that my contemporaries already accuse me of weakness and want of resolution—of receding from death, and of almost soliciting the clemency of Bonaparte. Posterity will judge more justly—it will claim all that was painful, and even terrible in the kind of death prepared for a man who had acquired so much military glory, and who was accustomed to brave only the dangers of the field. I acknowledge that the idea of mounting on a scaffold, after exhausting all the sighs of a long and torturing agony, filled me with terror. I did not find myself exalted by any of those opinions, by any of those sentiments, that make some men brave whatever is ignominious in death. I had for a long time renounced all endeavours to give liberty to my country; I believed it had more occasion for repulse than for liberty itself; and although I was far from approving the means by which this repulse was obtained, I did not think it necessary to devote myself to procure more honorable ones. I had paid my debt to my country; it remained for my fellow citizens to discharge theirs to me. My talk was finished—their duties began. If they have, without resistance, suffered a despotic government to be established; if they have sometimes lent it aid that makes it probable that they accepted this government without much repugnance; if they are all either careless, wearied or cowardly; I ask, was it for me, so little accustomed to civil discord, to devote myself to influence political convulsions, to devote myself to the attempt of giving them another form?
"In this state of things, possessing only that kind of ambition which does not refuse itself to propitious circumstances, but that refuses nothing to create them—not favored with that sense of duty towards my country, that opinion which excites every faculty and risks every chance, I found nothing in my breast or my imagination that could soften the sacrifice I was about to make, or disguise from me the horrors of the scaffold. Should it be said the care of my glory prescribed to me a death useful to my country and honorable to myself—I answer, that I have been ambitious of military fame alone; that I was content with the portion of it I had obtained, and had little regard for that renown which is acquired by other talents and success. It is not just to say, that for the preservation of our fame we should be forced to interfere with the interior regulations of an illustrious state, aggrandized by our victories. It is inconsiderate and thoughtless to desire, that a man who has acquired great military glory, should possess also every other species of ambition. Misery to the country that shall be governed by him.
"You could not have known that before I quitted Paris, I saw M. Bonaparte. At the moment of departure, they announced to me his intention, that I was to be carried before him—the reception he gave me was a little derogatory to Imperial Majesty. He was in the cabinet with his brother Louis. He advanced towards me, and with a slight inclination, 'General Moreau,' said he, 'I have desired to see you, to know, if before you quit France, you have anything to form or any request to make of me. You may believe that every thing that has passed, my heart is ready for the situation you was placed in by your imprudence, and in which I, not to interfere with the course of the laws, an imperious necessity obliged me to leave you;—but we will speak no more of these unhappy affairs. I have taken care that they shall not be re-
newed; for, in short, they aimed at my life—a life that I have consecrated to the good of France, and which is yet, for sometime to come, necessary for its repose. In all this affair I have forgiven much; but I declare that the season of indulgence is past. General Moreau, you love liberty and independence, and I do not think I have made a choice disagreeable to you in sending you to the United States. You will there find a new people, and not such a degenerate nation as inhabit our ancient Europe. I have often been ambitious of performing the more useful but less brilliant part, in which Washington has shewn so much love for his country—so much of political and military genius. But it was not in France such a part could be played; the factions had too much of reflection and power not to be drawn away by them: it was necessary to rein them with a hand of iron. I know very well this accord but little with Liberty—that one must often violate principles, and even the established laws; but in all this one ought to view more the attendance of circumstances than our ambition. Alas! General Moreau, I have not chosen my part—no, I have not chosen it. It is an inevitable fatality that has thrown me in it—it is that which holds me, and forces me at one and the same time to exhaust every thing that is brilliant and painful. One is obliged in so difficult a situation to do many things against one's will. You see in me the spoilt child of Fortune; but she makes me pay dearly for her favors! General Moreau, I do not despise you!' This incoherent discourse almost as much surprised as embarrassed me. I was about to answer, when a courier from Russia was announced. Bonaparte seemed to be much agitated, 'General Moreau,' said he, abruptly quitting me, 'say to my brother Louis, whatever you have to say to me—he will give me a relation of it.' I asked only the favor of relling some days at Baresges; and it is this favor that procures me the pleasure of writing to you."
[Translated for the Herald from the same paper.]
The following letter (says a Paris paper) is attributed to one of our Generals, whom prudence forbids us to name:
"Gen. — to Gen. Bonaparte."
"GENERAL, "It is of little consequence to me, that you cause yourself to be called Consul or Emperor; that you should be seated on a Chair or on a Throne; a more pompous title or a greater array of madnesse, will neither make me tolerate your pretensions, or acknowledge your rights. You exercise a power without responsibility, without check, or control; and, by this alone, you are nothing in my eyes but the enemy of my country, and a daring usurper. In determining to write to you, to tell you plainly what I think of you, of your enterprises, and of your cruel and desolating success, you will readily believe that I have before my eyes the danger that one hazards in telling you the truth, and that I am accordingly prepared to brave it. Thus, whether you cause me to be shot, at midnight, without other witnesses than the instruments of the execution; that you strangle me in one of your bafiles, or transport me beyond the seas, I am resigned to my lot, and brave the utmost of your fury.
"In thus addressing you, I ought, perhaps, to have waited until your anxiety had torn me from obscurity, on the supposition of crimes; or until some happy circumstance should present me with the means of freeing my country; but it is declared that you suspect me; that the interest I took in the prosecution instituted by you against Gen. Moreau, seems to you a proof that I was a party in his designs, or wished for their success; I cannot in such a state of things be silent, and if I am to prove that there are virtues that tyranny is enraged at and cruelly punishes, I shall at least demonstrate, that they inspire also a courage that nothing can disconcert; I shall at least leave an example that will not be without its imitators. Yes, Mr. General, I have interested myself strongly in the fate of General Moreau; it is a crime which France and all Europe have witnessed; I am ignorant if he entertained any designs against you; but I have certain proof, that for a long time past, you have conspired against him; and when I saw that this noble victim was about to swell the number of those who have been already sacrificed to your implacable vengeance, to your base jealousy, the only wishes that I had were to see him triumph in splendor over your persecutions, or to see him fall with honor. Neither of these wishes have been gratified. You have spared his life, but you have sullied his glory; that glory which, founded on more real and useful exploits, was more solid than your own. Thus, Mr. General, by employing alternately assassination and treachery, you have succeeded in snatching from the French nation, two men who were an honor to it, and from our armies two Generals in possession of their best wishes, and their best affections, because they fought only their country's welfare. Yes, you glitter with all the lustre that great victories occasion—no important renown now shocks your pride—the tomb has swallowed the man whom all Europe ranked above you, and all the Generals of the revolution. Banishment is the lot of him, who, following these footsteps, has obtained a reputation in the opinion of the public, far above yours. It is by these two outrages, these two crimes against the nation, that you have at last quieted your jealousy and justified your ambition. I look around me for all those brave characters who first conducted the French armies to victory; who saved their country from the disasters of a foreign invasion; I find them either proscribed or emigrated; the more ancient their services, the sooner they are blotted from remembrance. There is no longer any recompence, any power, any influence, but for those, who, like yourself, have only triumphed over the obscurity that surrounded them, by serving the rage of revolutionary tyrants; those who massacred Frenchmen before they turned their arms against a foreign foe. You have named yourself Emperor, Mr. General; but this proud title does not so far disguise the origin of your celebrity, as to make us forget the bloody era that began, and the frightful success that established it; all France knows, all the military of France remember, that but for the bloody day of the 13th Vendemaire, which made you a great man, a hero, a sovereign, you would have gone to La Vendee in quality of Lieutenant General of Brigade.
"The reputation you had acquired until then rendered you worthy of tracing the steps of the Cousins, the Roshlings, and not of serving under the orders of the Pichegrus and Moreaus. Hence, without doubt, Mr. General, is the origin of your hatred to those great soldiers, and against all those who were honored by being their companions in arms. Posterity begins already with one, and its terrible voice accuses you of having assassinated him, whom you never could equal. It will, without doubt, shortly begin with the other, since he is in the hands of your blood-letters. But, beware, Mr. General, fortune amuses herself with raising men to unheard-of grandeur, but to precipitate them from a lofty situation, but to destroy her own work by a great catastrophe, or unexpected event."
NOTE by the Translator.—The above is supposed to be the fabrication of a certain Ex-Archbishop, who resides at Guernsey.
LONDON, August 13.—18. The political intelligence since our last is of but little importance. The most interesting sub-
ject, next to the invasion, is the rumoured combination of the continental powers against France. The king of Sweden, who obviously is as angry with Bonaparte as the emperor Alexander, has given his vote as duke of Pomerania, in the college of princes of the empire, respecting the affair of the duke d'Enghien. But the power of Sweden against France is nothing, and unless the great powers more immediately in the neighbourhood of the French territory, take part in the quarrel, the measures of the northern courts must be confined to expressions only. In the mean time other violations of the freedom of Germany are mentioned. Bremen, one of the Hanseatic towns, which had been ordered to afford Bonaparte a loan on the security of the revenues of the electorate of Hanover, and had refused, has been subjected to a blockade of extraordinary rigour; and it is even said, that military execution has at last been employed to enforce the sum demanded. If this be true, and if the members and guardians of the Germanic empire submit to this, it may surely be concluded that nothing will route them.
The blockade of the French harbours has been extended from the mouth of the Seine to the mouth of the Rhine. This measure will materially embarrass the enemy in the provisioning of their armies on the coasts, as they will now be obliged to have recourse to land carriage for every thing they want. It must not a little wound the pride too of the threateners .
A courier has been sent to Field Marshal Bernadotte, desiring him immediately to order the Hanoverian Legion, in French pay, to march for Brussels, where, probably, it will be inspected by the Emperor, during his present or future journeys to the coast. It is supposed that this legion is already on its march, as detachments of Gens d'Armes have been sent into Westphalia, to escort it for fear of desertion. In return, six thousand young recruits have passed through Belgium, for the army in Hanover; they are chiefly destined for the infantry, and are conscripts of the years 10 and 11. They march under an escort of two hundred Gens d'Armes, who have orders to fire upon them if they should show any inclination to mutiny or desertion.
According to letters from France with the last Hamburgh mails, the decorations of the members of the Legion of Honour have caused much dissatisfaction among the troops, and many duels at Paris, and in the Departments; those who have obtained them being insolent and proud, and those without them humbled and provoked; many think that Bonaparte will be obliged to follow the advice of Berthier, who, to put a stop to these dangerous scenes, wished him to decree, that the stars of the Legion of Honor should in future adorn all the colors and standards of every regiment in the army, to show that all its officers as well as men deserve to belong to the Legion of Honor, though some individuals have had more opportunity to distinguish themselves than others.
Private letters are said to have been received in town which mention, that some of Bonaparte's emissaries have been circulating a plan for the partition of the dominions of his Swedish Majesty. According to this plan, Russia is to receive, as her share of the spoil, the Swedish part of the Grand Duchy of Finland, with five of the surrounding Districts; and Denmark is to obtain the remaining Districts; and his Majesty of Sweden is forsooth to be indemnified for the loss of his dominions by a new kingdom, composed of some provinces of the Batavian Republic, together with the dominions belonging to Prussia along the German ocean as far as Bremen. The King of Prussia, for a large cession of his territories, is to give up Hanover and Swedish Pomerania. A rearrangement of the territories of his Swedish Majesty, which, according to the letter, which we allude, has produced a strong sensation in the North of Europe.
General Moreau is to be permitted to reside at Cadiz or Barcelona, until Madame Moreau has been brought to bed.
It is still supposed that some of the enemy's ships have effected their escape from Brest. A letter from Turbay, dated August 13, says: "On the 24th ultimo, as captain Hornely, of the ship Active , late of Liverpool, was returning in a vessel from Lisbon, belonging to Lubeck, he saw in lat. 41, long. 9-12, a fleet, consisting of nine sail of the line, and five frigates, which he firmly believes to have been French. They showed no colors, although one of the frigates came very near to him. They were steering a southern course, at the rate of nine knots an hour, with the wind at N. W. Captain H. declared himself ready to verify this report upon oath."
The reports of Paris are big with new conspiracies and proclamations. The first object of Fouché, on his recall to the administration of the Police, is said to be the destruction of what Bonaparte calls the faction of the Generals. If it is necessary to any views or designs of the Corsican; if he has any wish to gratify, or any apprehensions to remove, and the charge of a conspiracy will effect his purpose, we have no doubt but it would be made, and carried into execution. It appears, however, to be generally believed, that the late Royal Chief, Count de Bourmont, who in January, 1800, made his peace with the Consular Government, and was afterwards confined in the citadel of Besançon, was some time last month removed to the Temple, on the accusation of being at the head of a conspiracy, in which the generals La Horie, Macdonald, Sohm, Lecourbe, Salm, Bonneau, and other distinguished officers of the same rank, who fought under Pichegru and Moreau, are said to be implicated. It is also reported that the generals Reynier and Desolles, though in actual employ, are among those whom Bonaparte regards with an eye of suspicion. Various contradictory accounts are given respecting these generals; and among others it is said, that Fouché has proposed a voluntary exile to these generals, which they have all rejected except La Horie, whose personal friendship for Moreau made it desirable for him to share his exile.
Sale of part of his Majesty's flock of Spanish Sheep.
On Wednesday last came on at Richmond, the sale by auction of a part of his Majesty's Spanish flock, under the direction of Sir Joseph Banks. Notwithstanding the heavy and almost incessant rain on Wednesday morning, near fifty gentlemen and breeders of sheep assembled, soon after eleven o'clock, at the pens of sheep intended for sale. At two o'clock an Auctioneer opened the business, by a short speech on his Majesty's gracious views in promoting the breed of excellent sheep before them. It should also be observed, that his Majesty had been graciously pleased to permit the rams and ewes to be disposed of in this manner, after the examples of the auctions at Woburn and Holkham, on the presumption of its being the most probable method of placing the best individuals of their improved breeds in the hands of persons most likely to improve them.
The first twenty-four lots consisted each of a single fleecing ram. The first lot was knocked down to capt. Mac Arthur, at 150l. and the last lot, to Mr. Freeman, of Fawley, near Henley, at 42 guineas. The intermediate lots fetch-
ed from six to twenty-seven guineas. The next 21 lots consisted of 21 rams and ewes, which fetched considerable prices. The sale ended about a quarter past 4 o'clock, when Sir Joseph Banks stated, that the prices at which the sheep had been sold exceeded his Majesty's and his own expectations and wishes on the subject. He added, that from the eagerness exhibited that day in bidding, he had no doubt but his Majesty's intention of placing the sheep in their Gentleman's hands, who would appreciate their value, & attend to the increasing the breed, would be fully answered. The purchasers were also informed that the sheep might remain 3 days or longer in his Majesty's pasture, if it suited their convenience; but such was the eagerness of the buyers to bear off their lots, that several carts appeared immediately in the field for that purpose; and one gentleman took away the sheep which he had purchased in his chaise....This show and sale of sheep is intended to be annual, and next year a large number of ewes will be offered for sale, his Majesty's flock having now arrived at the number intended to be kept.
EAST-INDIA HOUSE.
Wednesday a Court of Directors was held at the India House, when the dispatches received by Col. Houghton, from the Governor General were laid before the Court. At the same time the eminent services of the Officers, &c. of the China Fleet, who so gallantly and successfully opposed the squadron of Liniois, were taken into consideration, and the following rewards, amounting altogether to fifty thousand pounds, were unanimously voted:
  Capt. Dance, 2,000 guineas, & a piece of plate of the value of 200 guineas.   Timins, 1,000 do. 100 do.   Moffatt, 500 do. 100 do.   Henry Wilson, 500 do. 50 do.   Parquharson, 500 do. 50 do.   Torin, 500 do. 50 do.   Clarke, 500 do. 50 do.   Menton, 500 do. 50 do.   Wordsford, 500 do. 50 do.   Kirkpatrick, 500 do. 50 do.   Hamilton, 500 do. 50 do.   Farrer, 500 do. 50 do.   Pendergrass, 500 do. 50 do.   Brown, 500 do. 50 do.   Larkins, 500 do. 50 do.   Lochner, 500 do. 50 do.   Chief officers 150 Surgeons' mates 50   Second do. 125 Boatswains 50   Third do. 80 Gunners - 50   Fourth - 80 Carpenters - 50   Fifth - 50 Midshipmen - 30   Sixth - 50 Other petty officers 15   Purser - 80 Seamen, ord. seamen 6   Surgeons - 80 and servants 6 
Lieutenant Fowler, passenger on board the Camden, Capt. Dance, for the services he rendered, 300 guineas for a piece of plate.
From the Hamburgh mail, arrived this day. GENOA, July 16.
By information from sea we learn, that the English have taken possession of the largest of the Hieres Islands, southward of Toulon, having there landed 1800 men, 18 pieces of cannon, and 600 sick from the fleet, which in the neighbourhood of Toulon consists of 27 sail.
STRASBOURG, July 30.
We learn from Paris that M. D'Onbril, the Russian Charge d'Affaires, has fixed the 8th of August for his departure, having already received his passports from M. Durand, Minister ad interim for the foreign department. We are however assured from good authority, that no kind of apprehension of the disturbance of the tranquility of the Continent need be entertained.
Bonaparte has ordered his agent at Ratisbon, Mons. Bacher, to deliver officially to the Envoys of the different powers in that city, a pamphlet entitled "Observations sur le Defence de Moreau," which contains the most odious reflections upon the character of that truly modest and celebrated man.
THE FOLLOWING ARE THE PORT CHARGES AT BORDEAUX ON FOREIGN VESSELS.
  A SHIP OF 200 TONS PAYS,   Tonnage and Light House at 4 francs 60 centimes per ton, F.920   Pilots 24 francs; entry at several officers 30 francs, 54   Harbour master 6 francs; guaging 6 francs, Custom House Officers, 12   Brokers per ton, 6   200   Francs 1192 
Mooring the vessel in the upper harbor from 15 to 30 francs, according to the weather & tides.
Pilotage from sea to Bordeaux 3fr. per foot the summer months; 3 1-2fr. the 6 winter months.
Pilotage out; any vessel below ten feet pays for 10 feet, at 4 francs per foot: to 12 feet and twelve to any draft, 5 francs per foot.
The charges and rates are forwarded by F. L. Wiederhold, partner of L. Menard Sonde, ship broker, under the firm of L. Menard and Wiederhold, ship brokers at Bordeaux, who tender their services in the line to ship owners in the United States.
DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE.
WASHINGTON CITY, Oct. 12.
It is with sincere pleasure we are enabled to state that there is the best reason to believe the account of the death of Governor CLAIBORNE unfounded. Letters as late as the 18th September have been received from him by the President of the U. S. on which day the last mail left New-Orleans. These letters state that Mr. Claiborne had been very ill, but was then so far recovered as to admit of his transacting business.—Nat. Int.
The following are the most important APPOINTMENTS made by the PRESIDENT since the last session of Congress.
 Philip Green, Collector and Inspector of the Revenue for the port of Marietta.  John Brent, Collector and Inspector, of Nanjemoy.  Edward P. Gaine, Collector and Inspector of the district of Mobile.  William G. Garland, Naval officer of New-Orleans.  Robert Carter Nicholas, Surveyor and Inspector of New-Orleans.  John Prentiss, Surveyor and Inspector of Mar-blehead.  Wilson G. Nicholas, Collector of Norfolk and Portsmouth.  William Fisher, Inspector of Revenue for South Query.  Thomas C. Ferber, Surveyor and Inspector for Indian Town.  Thomas Fitzpatrick, Register of the land office for sale of lands west of Pearl River.  Edward Hall, Commissioner of loans for the state of Maryland.  Isaac Newville, Commissioner of loans for South Carolina.  John Gibson, Secretary of the Indiana Territory.  Tomson J. Skinner, Commissioner of loans for Massachusetts. 
Samuel H. Hamilton, } Justices of peace for Sam. N. Smallwood, } Washington Co. Col. Rob. Alexander, jun.
Daniel Humphreys, Attorney for the district of New Hampshire.
Thomas Rutter, Marshal of Maryland.
William Fow, Commissioner of loans for state of New-York.
George Luffman, Register of the land office at Detroit.
Return J. Meigs, Daniel Smith, Commissioners for holding a treaty with the Cherokees.
John Buddell, Register of the land office at Vincennes.
Michael Jones, Register of the land office at Kaskaskia.
Ephraim Kirby, Judge of the Mississippi Territory.
David Brearley, Collector of Hampton.
Edmund Key, Surveyor of Llewellynburg.
Frederick Bates, Receiver of public monies for land sold at Detroit.
Elijah Backus, Receiver, &c. at Kaskaskia.
Harry Toulman, Receiver, &c. at Fort St. Clair.
Walter Jones, jun. Attorney for the district of Columbia.
Joseph Chambers, Register of the land office for sale of lands east of Pearl River.—[Nat. Int.]
[It has been a maxim with some politicians that a republican government is not well adapted to a great extent of country. The objection has been sufficiently refuted; but there are certainly some evils incident to very large republics. It is necessary that in this society as well as in every other, there should be grades of officers; and that some should not only be endowed with great powers, but that they should be elected by a large body of the people. Hence in such extensive republics, men will frequently receive the votes of the people who are not only ignorant of some of their interests, but who are unknown to some of their constituents. The character of such candidate should consequently become the subject of enquiry, & this is one of the great uses of a republican press.
G. Clinton of N. York is held up by the democratic party as their next candidate for the Vice Presidency. The following is presented to the people of Virginia as the most perfect sketch of this patriot, which the Editor has yet perused.]
FROM THE AMERICAN CITIZEN.
A SKETCH.
Few men have obtained greater and more just popularity than Gen. Clinton, the late governor of the state of New-York. The early and decided part which he took in the American Revolution, and the many services which he rendered, both in the council and in the field, have made his name well known throughout the union, and peculiarly endeared it to the citizens of the state in which he resides.
Immediately after the New-York convention had established a constitution, Mr. Clinton was elected Governor. "The freeholders choice," says an historian, "for their governor, Gen. George Clinton, a gentleman excellently qualified to be at the head of the state, at so interesting and perplexed a period." His defence of the forts Clinton and Montgomery was judicious and brave. The matter is thus related by the same historian. "At night, after the General Putnam wrote to Governor Clinton, and informed him of the arrival of the British, and what he thought was their destination. The Governor upon the receipt of the letter, penetrated the design; prorogued the assembly the next day; and hastened to Fort Montgomery, where he arrived at night. Governor Clinton ordered out a detachment of 100 men toward Doodle-Town, and another of 60 with a brass field piece, to a very good spot on a different road. They are both attacked soon by the enemy's whole force, (4000 men) and obliged to give way, but behave with spirit and retreat with order till they reach the fort. The Governor immediately then posts his men in the most advantageous manner; but it is not many minutes before his post, as well as Fort Clinton is invaded on all sides. He is summoned, when the sun is about an hour high, to surrender in five minutes; but refuses. In about ten minutes after the British make a general and desperate attack on both posts, which is received with spirit. Officers and men, as well militia as continental, behave well. A most incessant fire is kept up until dusk, when the assailants are overpowered by numbers, who force the lines and redoubts at both posts. Not a few of the Americans fight their way out, others mix with the enemy, and so make their escape, knowing all the avenues in the mountains, and being favored by the night. The Governor, and his brother General James Clinton, who is wounded, but not dangerously, get clear off."
"The whole garrison consisted of but 600 men, not one half of whom had bayonets, wherewith to oppose those of the enemy, who repeated assaults with that weapon at length prevailed." [See Gordon's History.]
Mr. Clinton, on another occasion, performed an essential service; and indeed, was instrumental in saving the country. This was in the year 1780, of which honorable mention is made by the historian already quoted. "Had it not been," says he, "for a most vigorous step that the American Governor Clinton ventured to take, the army must have disbanded for want of bread, as the magazines were exhausted, and transportation by land was impracticable, had there been any thing to act upon. The Governor seized several hundred barrels in the hands of private merchants, which they had purchased up to exchange for other articles."
On the evacuation of New-York, Governor Clinton shewed himself to be as mild in peace, as he had been stern in war. He is the hero who ceases to fight the moment necessity no longer exists. Some of the citizens had determined upon violent measures against the property and persons of all who had remained in the city during the war. The sufferings of the whigs, and the part which others had acted, kindled in the former resentment, which, though not justifiable, was extremely natural. The soul of Gov. Clinton was superior to the thoughts of revenge, and discerned the true policy. "His honorable, independent, and successful

ENQUIRER
RICHMOND: WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 17, 1804.
VIEWS ON THE RUBICON.
NO. 2.
on the 20th of September last, he had first mis-
of a great number of newspapers, that they had
been taken from off a shelf, on which papers
prepared for subscribers were generally put.
The witness narrated the circumstances at-
tending the detection of the thief, his seizure
and confinement; and then informed the court,
that on Thursday morning last he had accom-
panied Wm. J. Duane and C. Kean to a magistrate
who committed the prisoner at the bar to goal.
BOSTON, October 3.
OF TRIPOLI.
A letter has been received in town, dated
Messina (in the Island of Sicily) July 12, 1804,
RECAPITULATION of votes given for
members of congress, &c. in the 1st election
district in Pennsylvania, on Tuesday last:
Table with 3 columns: City, Lehigh, Berks. Rows include Northern Liberties, Southwark, Moyamensing, Passyunk.
The district sends three members, but Rich-
ards and Clay were run on both tickets.
Germantown, Bustleton, Blockley, and King-
sessing district in Philadelphia county, and all
the districts in Delaware county remain yet to
be returned.
DELAWARE ELECTION.
The guild or third party, of Delaware, voted to a
man for the federal ticket; and we know it to be a
fact that some of the guild of Philadelphia have ex-
ulted at the triumph of federalism in Delaware. Yet
these men pretend to be democrats, to have principle
and to support the present administration!
FRANKFORT, September 29.
ON Monday last, a special Term of the Federal
Court, for the trial of IRVING and AL-
CORN, charged with passing counterfeit Bank
Notes, commenced in this Town.
Irving had given bail to a considerable amount,
(we believe 10,000 dollars) but did not appear,
and consequently forfeited his recognizance.
The Court proceeded to the trial of WILLIAM
ALCORN, who was found guilty, and sentenced
to five years imprisonment and hard labour in
the Penitentiary-House.
The prisoner's defence was conducted with
much ability by his Counsel, Messrs. Talbot
and Woodson—and the prosecution found an
able and industrious advocate in Mr. Davelis.
In the course of the trial, a very ingenious and
interesting argument took place, on a point of
law, which may prove very important in its con-
sequences, and surely will not be unattended to,
by the Legislature of the Union, with whom a-
lone the power rests to remove the inconveni-
encies which may arise from the decision.
The jury gave in their verdict late on Thurs-
day evening; soon after which the Court pro-
nounced sentence; having previously refused a
new trial on the application of his Counsel.
Mr. Clinton possesses an intelligent, well informed
and ardent mind, with a bodily constitution almost
incapable of fatigue. He studied the law, and practiced
it previously to the revolution. The several places
where he has filled in Legislatures, Conventions, and
in the chair of the State, have given him an extensive
acquaintance with civil affairs.
HISTORICS.
Extract of a letter from an officer on board the John A-
dams, dated Gibraltar, July 20, 1804.
“War is expected almost immediately between
Spain and the United States. The Moors are fitting
out their whole force, for what purpose is not known.”
On the 4th inst. arrived at Baltimore, the brig John
and Joseph, captain Manning, 51 days from Bordeaux.
Sept. 17, in lat. 42, long. 50, captain M. spoke ship
George Barclay, Aldin, 38 days from New York, who
informed him, it was reported at Liverpool that the
Brest Fleet had put to sea, its destination unknown.
DESSALINES, whom we mentioned some time since
as having been appointed Governor of Hayti for life,
with the power of nominating his successor, is con-
solidating it not perpetuating his power. He has at
length assumed the Imperial purple. He was pro-
claimed EMPEROR on the 15th of September, with
probably more general acclamations than took place
in Paris at the time when his great prototype was
elevated to the same high dignity.
The consequences of this event may be, the termi-
nation of hostilities between the two governments of
their majesties Napoleon and Dessalines. I since all
reasonable ground for continuing the war may be con-
sidered as removed, the latter having merely followed
closely the example which had been set him by the for-
mer, and no doubt conceives that he holds his power
by a tenure at least equally honourable and equally
just.
We know not when it is intended to celebrate the
coronation of the Emperor. If we may judge from
the preparations which are making, it will be in a
style of too much splendour; & as so long a journey would
be too fatiguing for the Pope, it is not unreasonable to
suppose his majesty will create a cardinal out of some
of his own relations, that the august ceremony may
correspond in all respects with that of his “dearly be-
loved Cousin.”
Captain Belle left Lisbon on the 26th of August;
and previous to his departure was informed by the
American Consul there, that Mr. Pinckney had left
off his equipment, &c. from Madrid, and was on the eve
of quitting Spain.
A British Packet, in 6 days from Falmouth, arrived
at Lisbon on the 26th, and brought intelligence
that the descent on England was momentarily expected
to take place, the English armies having marched for
that purpose to the eastern coast from the westward.
Captain Jones, of the fchr. John and William, from
Point-Petre, informs us that the hurricane of the 4th
of September destroyed every vessel at the port of
Dominique; it was felt also in a manner unpreceden-
ted at Guadaloupe, but without having done any mate-
rial injury.
FROM THE AURORA, October 3.
MAYOR'S COURT.
Commonwealth vs. Luke Price.
On Saturday evening the trial of the person,
who had robbed the Aurora office, came on before
this court. The prisoner having pleaded
not guilty, witnesses were called on the part of
the prosecution.
Wm. J. Duane, having been sworn, informed
the court, that the information he could give
them was merely incidental; that he had no
other knowledge of the detection of the prison-
er than by information from the person who had
seized him, and who had aroused him from sleep
to state the circumstances of seizure, and know
what course had best be pursued.
On intimating that two other witnesses could
give full testimony, the court dispensed with the
examination of the first witness, and called the
second.
Charles Kean having been sworn stated to the
court, that of late it had been discovered by the
persons employed in the Aurora office, that a
great many newspapers were frequently deficient,
of the actual number requisite for subscri-
bers, particularly those in the country, that at
first it had been imagined the deficiency was
owing to the neglect of persons employed to
print, but that the repetition excited suspicion;
and it was at length determined by the persons
in the employment of Wm. Duane to watch.
That it had been found that the newspapers
were missing, after they had been folded and pre-
pared for subscribers, and consequently that
the thief must have been committed in the count-
ing house. That under this impression, differ-
ent persons had watched several nights in and
about the counting house; but that no discovery
was made until Wednesday night, of the 3rd Oc-
tober. That about 8 o'clock that night, the
witness and Jonathan Stone, had concealed them-
selves in the counting house, and there remain-
ed; that about one o'clock, the witness heard
a key put into the lock, from the outside and the
door opened, that he looked towards the door
and saw a man enter, but could not recogni-
ze who he was; that he suffered this man to enter
and take up a number of newspapers which had
been prepared for subscribers; that when the
intruder was about to pass out of the door, he
seized him by the collar, and immediately knew
him to be the prisoner at the bar, as he had been
formerly in the employment of William Duane
as a carrier. That on the seizure of the prison-
er he had dropped the papers he had intended
to steal, which were collected and kept. That
the witnesses, with Jonathan Stone, who had assist-
ed in watching, then secured the key, locked
the door, & were proceeding to the printing office
where there was a light, the men being at work
at press where they found a fort of towel spread
on the ground, & in which the prisoner was sup-
posed, intended to carry off these papers. That
having secured the prisoner, the witness proceed-
ed to William J. Duane's room, awoke him, and
after informing him of the transaction, asked
what was best to be done: that it was deemed
best to commit the prisoner to the watch house,
and he was accordingly committed.
Jonathan Stone, having been affirmed, related
to the court what had come to his knowledge:
his testimony agreed with that of the last wit-
ness; but being entrusted with the care of that
part of Wm. Duane's establishment, relating to
the distribution of papers amongst subscribers,
he added a few particulars not stated in the for-
mer part of the testimony. He said, that it was
We will suppose, however, that the Court of
Madrid, notwithstanding these obstacles, should
be disposed to venture into a war with the United
States. It is possible that the national spirit
should awaken from its long continued torpor,
or that some energy of resentment at the injustice
with which they may suppose themselves to have
been treated by the American government, should
so far overcome the sense of their own
weakness, as to stimulate them to make every
exertion, and to meet every danger. It is pos-
sible that they may be determined to act the part
of the most independent and resolute nation;
and that like France or England, they may
have determined on coming to no terms of ac-
commodation with us, which they themselves
might not deem conducive to their own inter-
ests, or which the most warlike nation might
not consider as perfectly equal. The next en-
quiry therefore which occurs is, are the means
of pacification between the United States and
Spain completely exhausted? Is there no
ground of concession on which they may meet?
If the American government cannot obtain all
that it demands, may it not obtain almost all?
Cannot it obtain so much as that without mate-
rially injuring the American interests, or disgra-
cing our pretensions to national spirit and resolu-
tion, it may be sufficient to accommodate our
mutual differences, and preserve us from the
calamities of a war? It is my humble opinion,
that there were other means of reconciliation
between the two countries, which our govern-
ment might have proposed to Spain, or which it
might have accepted from Spain. It is a hope,
therefore, which I cannot yet relinquish, that
these means of accommodation may have been
adopted by our government; and that conse-
quently the chances of a war between the two
nations, are not as great as what we might have
inferred from a view of the original forces of
distrust.
We have already seen that there are two sources
of difference between Spain and the United
States: 1st. The Eastern Boundary of Loui-
siana, and 2dly. The Ratification of the Con-
vention of 1802. On the first point, Spain
contends, that Louisiana does not reach beyond the
Mississippi: while we contend that it stretches
as far as the Rio Perdido, or the lost River.—On
the second point Spain demands—1st. That she
may be allowed a longer period previous to the
fitting of the commissioners, for the purpose of
applying her subjects of its ratification; and
2dly. That the 6th article, which leaves unde-
termined, and thus indirectly sanctions the
claims of the American merchants for captures
made by French cruizers, and secured by con-
demnation in Spanish ports and by Spanish tri-
bunals, should be expunged. “Refrain your
claims to any part of Florida, extend the period
which will elapse before the fitting of the com-
missioners, and expunge the 6th article of the
Convention,” are consequently the terms on
which Spain is disposed to treat with us. “Ac-
knowledge our right to the territory which ex-
tends as far as the Perdido river, and ratify im-
mediately the convention of 1802;” these are
the requisitions which are made by the Ameri-
can government. Is there no middle ground on
which the contending parties may meet? be-
comes, therefore, a most important question.
Is there no part of these requisitions which the
justice due to Spain, as well as an enlightened
policy, should induce the United States to re-
linquish? That there may be some modifica-
tion in these demands, will probably appear
from the following hasty reflections:
1st: The demand of Spain that the 6th article
of the convention of 1802 should be expunged,
is no doubt incompatible with strict justice. If
the American merchants have a right to demand a
remuneration for captures made by the French
cruizers, and secured by the Spanish govern-
ment, the Court of Madrid has no right to de-
mand that those claims should be relinquished.
That the American merchants have this right, is
easily deduced from the acknowledged customs
of nations. A state is not only liable for all the
illegal captures which are made by legally com-
missioned vessels belonging to her own subjects,
but also for all captures which are made by the
subjects of another government, and secured by
any act of her own. Every state is responsible
for its own acts. As she is liable for the cap-
tures made by her legally commissioned cru-
izers, because she herself gave them this power, so
also is she liable for any captures adjudicated in
her own ports, and by her own tribunals, be-
cause it was by her power, that such acts are
done or suffered to be done. This general law
of nations may indeed be dispensed with by an
express treaty; but it is not probable that such
a treaty would ever be formed, because it would
be contrary to the interest of both the parties in
a state of peace, which would more than over-
balance the advantages in a period of war; and
if we refer to the treaty of San Lorenzo between
Spain and the United States, we shall meet with
no such dispensing clause. Spain therefore would
have been amenable to the American merchants for
the amount of these captures, whether they had
been made by the legally commissioned cruizers
of France, or by licentious pirates. When then
the demands that these claims should be surren-
dered, and that the 6th article of the convention
should be expunged, the demands more than is
compatible with justice, or with the interests of
the United States, which it is to be hoped will
most generally be a neutral nation. This requi-
sition of the American government, therefore
cannot be honorably or justly surrendered: and
should Spain refuse altogether to make any
compensation whatever for these claims, she cer-
tainly furnishes the United States with a plau-
sible right; if she does not impose on them a fa-
ceted duty, of engaging in a war.
2. Spain demands an extension of the time,
which must elapse, before the board of com-
missioners should meet for the adjudication of
the American claims. Such an arrangement
would be extremely advantageous to the sub-
jects of Spain, both because these claims are to
be altogether made against them, and because,
from the number and distance of some of them,
a period of some length will be necessary to collect
the proper documents. The convention
was made at Madrid in 1802 and sent over to
America for ratification. Had the senate in
their session of 1802—3 confirmed this convention,
it would have been easy for the Spanish min-
ister here to have given the official information
of this event to the vast and distant possessions of
Spain on this continent, in sufficient time before
the meeting of the commissioners to collect the
necessary documents to meet these claims. Had
that senate ratified this convention the Span-
ish minister here might have been almost cer-
tain that it was so lately made in Madrid, it
would be there ratified in its turn. He would
have immediately given the necessary informa-
tion to Spanish subjects. But when the ratifica-
tion was postponed for two years, till the last
period of the last session of congress, the Spanish
minister could not have ventured to give this in-
formation, because he could not be certain that
his court would, after such an interval, have ra-
tified it in its turn. The Spanish court there-
fore, claims an extension of the term, which is
to elapse before the meeting of the commission-
ers. This claim may probably be made with-
out flow of justice, and might be conceded
without very great injury. Rather than endan-
ger the peace of the two countries, it might per-
haps be politic to allow them a certain term.
This might be estimated to be equal to that pe-
riod, which the Spanish court would have had
had no procrastination taken place; that is, had
the senate ratified the convention in 1802-3.
3. There can be little doubt however, that
the fate of this convention has been completely
dependant upon the other question in this nego-
tiation. Had no difference arisen about the bound-
aries of Louisiana, it is very probable that
Spain would ratify the convention even now,
when it was originally made, or which they
would have shown had it been ratified at first by
the senate of the United States. At that time
there was no difference about Louisiana, and if
there was none at the present time, there would
be as little difficulty in ratifying the convention.
It is then in the adjustment of the E. boundary
of Louisiana, that we are to seek for the true
motive of their refusal to ratify this convention;
and that we are to discover in fact the active
spring of the negotiation and difference between
the two countries.
Are we then perfectly satisfied that justice is
here on our side? Is it absolutely certain that the
Rio Perdido, according to the most liberal
construction of the treaty, is the eastern bound-
ary of Louisiana? Have the Spaniards no rea-
son to adopt the contrary opinion? Have we
none to doubt the truth of our own?
In defining the extent of Louisiana, the treaty
employs not more specific terms than “the same
extent that it now has in the hands of Spain, and
that it had when France possessed it.” Is
it certain that these two descriptions are precise-
ly similar? Was Louisiana the same in the hands
of Spain as it was in the hands of France? To
determine the extent of Louisiana as it was in
the hands of Spain, we must refer to the inter-
nal jurisdiction of that country. Is it not a fact
that although the strip of land from the Missis-
sippi to the Perdido river, was under the super-
intendence of the Governor of N. Orleans; yet
that he had two titles on this account: “Govern-
or of Louisiana and West Florida?” Is it not a
fact, that we ourselves in 2d art. of the treaty of
San Lorenzo speak of the “Spanish colonies of E.
& W. Florida?” If the court of Madrid believes with
some reason that these two descriptions in the
treaty are inconsistent with each other, that
Louisiana in her own hands and in the hands of
France, were not the same; has she no right to
be heard in the vindication of her claims?
FIRE!
The cry of FIRE carries with it something
peculiarly alarming and distressing to the in-
habitants of Peterburg; the houses being principal-
ly built of wooden materials, are of course
more exposed to its effects, and more readily
communicate the flames from one to the other.
This awful sound was heard on Tuesday, about
one o'clock, P. M. and under circumstances
which greatly heightened the apprehensions of
the inhabitants—the wind had risen early in the
morning, and at the moment the alarm was given,
blew with extreme violence. It is more
than probable, that if the flames had been suf-
fered for a moment to rage, at least half the town
would have been destroyed—As the wind then
blew, the utmost exertions of our citizens, with
the assistance of the engines, would have been
of no avail; the progress of the devouring ele-
ment would have been scarcely checked by their
united opposition.—Happily, however, the fire
had but partially broken out, and was immedi-
ately extinguished. The necessity of uncommon
care and circumspection, will no doubt readily
occur to every person. By these alone, can
we expect to preserve ourselves from the rav-
ages of a devouring element, and the view of
scenes distressing to our feelings, and ruinous to
the town.
Petersburg Intelligencer.
10,000 dollars worth of Dry
& Fancy Goods.
Sales at Auction.
WITHOUT reserve.... To-morrow morn-
ing, at 10 o'clock, will be commenced,
by the subscribers, at their vendue office, the
sale of 10,000 dollars worth in a general assort-
ment of DRY and FANCY GOODS.
Terms of sale....for all sums under 30 dol-
lars, cash—above 30, and not exceeding 100 dol-
lars, 4 months—above 100, and not exceeding
500 dollars, 6 months—and for all sums above
500 dollars, 9 months—for approved endorsed
notes, negotiable at the Bank of Virginia.
PROSSER & MONCURE, V. M's.
Wednesday, Oct. 17.
NOTICE.
THE partnership, heretofore subsisting between
the subscribers, under the firm of Ross & Ford, is this day dissolved by mutual consent. Those who have unsettled accounts with the said firm are respectfully informed that they must apply for settlement to Messrs. Wm. Jones of Philadelphia, or Neil McCull of this city.
DAVID R. ROSS,
BENJAMIN B. FORD.
October 17.—/s/.
WILL BE SOLD.
To the highest bidder, for ready money, at Goodland Court-
House, on the 29th day of November next,
A TRACT OF LAND.
In said county, on Beverdam creek, containing fifteen hundred acres, more or less, including the land whereon on the Court House is situated, bounded by the lands of Samuel Woodson and others, and commonly called Ross's Goodland Court House Tract; or so much thereof as may be sufficient to raise the sum of ten thousand Dollars, and the expenses attending the sale.
BEN: MOSBY, D. M. for
Joseph Scott, M. V. M.
October 17. (ed.)
JAMES SEABROOK,
TAYLOR.
RESPECTFULLY informs his friends and the
public in general, that he has removed from
near the Market to Harris's corner, opposite the Cus-
tom House; where all commands in his line, will be
punctually attended to; and as he has established a
regular correspondence in Philadelphia, gentlemen
may rely on having their clothes made in the newest
fashion and newest manner.
N. B. Ladies Riding Dresses and Great Coats
made in the newest fashion.
October 17.—/ca. if/.
WILL BE SOLD.
On Thursday, the 15th of November next, if fair,
otherwise the next fair day:
A VALUABLE TRACT OF LAND, in
Gloucester county, on York river, near Cap-
pabafra ferry, commonly known by the name of
Wilkins's; containing by estimation Two Hun-
dred Acres: its situation, as to the convenience
for life of every sort, is inferior to none; with a
good Dwelling House, Kitchen, &c.
ALSO, all the Personal Estate belonging to
the estate of the late William Infley, dec'd.
A credit of nine months for all sums above five
dollars, on the purchasers giving bond and such
security as the administrator may approve of.
All persons having claims against the estate
of the said Wm. Infley, dec'd, are desired to
bring them in previous to the above sale, in order
for settlement, and that provision may be made
for the same by the administrator as soon as pos-
sible.
ISAAC ANDREWS, Adm'r.
October 13.
IN HANOVER COUNTY COURT,
October 23rd, 1803.
Charles Lively
against
Richard Richardson & Dud-
ley Richardson.
THIS day came the complainant by his
counsel, and the defendant Dudley Richardson,
till failing to appear and answer the bill of the com-
plainant, on the motion of the complainant is decre-
ed and ordered, that unless the defendant Dudley
Richardson, (having been served with a copy of this
order) shall file his answer on or before the next term,
that then the complainant's bill be taken for confessed,
and the matter thereof decreed accordingly as to him.
And the defendant Richardson not having
entered his appearance, and given security
according to the act of assembly, and the rules of this
court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court,
that he is not an inhabitant of this county, on the
motion of the complainant, it is further decreed, and
ordered that the defendant Richardson, do
appear here on the first day of the next term, and
answer the bill of the complainant, and that a copy of
this order be forthwith published in one of the Vir-
ginia Gazettes for two months successively, and that
any copy be posted at the front door of the court-
house of this county.
A copy, true.
THOMAS POLLARD, D. C. H. C.
October 17.—/f/.
WHEREAS doubts are entertained, whether
the corporation of the city of Richmond,
have authority to appoint a mathematical sur-
veyor, to prescribe and regulate his duties and
fees; and it is also doubted, whether a street has
been established, communicating from the Shop-
factory on the north-west side of Shockoe-Creek to
the north-west corner of the old town of Rich-
mond; and thence along the south boundary of
said old town to the south-east corner thereof, and
thence to Rocketts upon the margin of the ri-
ver, or otherwise in one continued and direct
course; and doubts also exist, whether there be
any street established on the north-west bound-
ary of the said old town by the Market-house; and it
be deemed expedient that such doubts should be
removed, and such streets (if none exist) establish-
ed:
PUBLIC NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, That a
petition from the President and Common Council
of the said City, will be presented to the next Ge-
neral Assembly of this commonwealth, praying
them to explain existing laws, or enact such
others, as may most effectually obviate the said
doubts, establish (if necessary) the said streets, and
authorize the appointment of a surveyor.
ANDREW STEVENSON, C. C. C.
October 17. (epgw.)
FOR LOW CASH, OR ON SHORT CREDIT.
Direct from Penington's Manufactory, Phila-
delphia:
LOAF SUGAR,
OF an excellent quality, either by the hogs-
head, barrel, or single loaf. The supply
will be regular and large.
ALSO—BAR IRON, by the ton or single
bar; IRON CASTINGS of various kinds, by
the ton or single piece, among which are v-
tens of 50 and 60 lbs. weights.
MICAJAH DAVIS.
4th of 7th mo. 1804. [eWem]

It is to be regretted, that a work, which was undertaken on so liberal and enlightened a plan, as "The New-York Medical Repository," should have hitherto met with so little success. Its circulation in the different States has been extremely limited; if I may be permitted to judge from my own experience. The only book-shops, for instance, in this city, which receive these numbers as they periodically appear, have no more than one subscriber, to supply. The remaining numbers to the amount of twenty or thirty, are sometimes fortunate enough to meet with an occasional purchaser, but most frequently they repose upon the book-sellers' self, uncalled for and unemployed.
Independently of the want of an adequate curiosity among general readers or medical practitioners, several reasons for this indifference may be found in the book itself. The original contributions to the work are by no means frequent or profound. The last number for the months of May, June and July, contains no more than seven memoirs on Medical subjects. The Review of American publications, which constitutes one of the divisions of the plan, is not in general very interesting, either from the tenor of the subjects to which they relate, or from the manner in which their contents are reviewed and criticised.
To cover the necessary number of pages, and sometimes to supply the reader with more interesting themes, many miscellaneous topics are introduced, in the most defactory manner. Hence the character of the work has been too much changed. Instead of being a repository of medical and other auxiliary information, the reader will sometimes find in it a magazine of topics, which have scarcely the most remote relation to the theory and practice of medicine. In the selection of this matter too, the taste and feeling of one of its Editors are permitted to have too great an influence. For the attainments and talents of Dr. Mitchell, for his ardent and successful zeal in the cause of the present administration, which I concede to be the cause of American liberty, I entertain a very sincere respect; and it fills me with regret, that such a character as Dr. Mitchell's should be marked by any of those little foibles, which must inevitably diminish the respect of his friends, and increase the prejudices of his enemies. In looking over the present number the wish of Dr. Mitchell to be more generally known to his readers, is almost too evident to escape the most cursory attention. Pread and Preadian, records of his own manufactures, are too often substituted for America and the United States. A very complimentary extract of a letter to Dr. Mitchell from Baron Humboldt, before he left this country, is brought in for the simple purpose of announcing the probability of his returning to this country. In noticing two or three of the medical theses which have been published in the U. S. Dr. Mitchell does not miss the opportunity of bringing back his Jepton and his Jepton theory upon his readers, by hinting that his author had become attached to his new principles. And to throw in a last feature to this portrait, he has introduced a report, certainly a very luminous and comprehensive one, made by the Committee of Commerce and Manufactures, on the generalization of the steam engine, and particularly applied in this work, to the pen of Dr. Mitchell. It will be no easy matter to reduce this political document under any of the heads of his title page. The Dr. will not surely consider it as a part of his Medical Repository; nor a Review of American publications, on Medicine, Surgery, or the auxiliary branches of Science.
Freed from these imperfections, and assisted by more frequent and profound disquisitions on medical subjects, no doubt can be entertained that this New-York Repository would be general in its circulation, and active in its influence. Most medical practitioners, would desire to possess it, when they expected to find in it some able memoirs on their favorite art, without any alloy of heterogeneous matter; and the same curiosity would no doubt extend to some of the general readers. From the last number of this Repository the following review is extracted. It is introduced not so much for the purpose of explaining the spirit of the work, as of suggesting some ideas on a subject which has already engaged the attention of Congress, & must be long interest almost every Virginian of an active mind and ready capital. It is on the establishing of manufactures in America. The ideas which are developed in the following review are not always original, not extremely ingenious, and not altogether correct. They may serve however to excite the curiosity of their readers. Such at least was the judgment of the editor; and such was the impression, which they have partially left upon his mind.
REVIEW. An Essay on the Manufacturing Interest of the United States; with Remarks on some Passages contained in the Report of the Committee of Commerce and Manufactures. By a Member of the Society of Arts and Manufacturers of Philadelphia. To which is annexed, the Memorial of said Society to Congress. 8vo. p. 49. Philadelphia. Graves. 1804.
SIR JOSEPH CHILD, an English writer on political economy, who published, in the year 1694, a celebrated Discourse on Trade, treats, in the second chapter of this work, on the relief and employment of the poor. He writes, 1. "That the poor in England have always been in a most sad and wretched condition, some furnished for want of bread, others starved with cold and nakedness, and many whole families, in all the out-ports of cities and great towns, commonly remain in a naughtiness, nastiness, and useless condition, uncomfortable to themselves and unprofitable to the kingdom." 2. "That the children of our poor, bred up in beggary and laziness, do, by that means, become not only of unhealthy bodies, and more than ordinary subject to many distempers & diseases, whereof very many die in their tender age, and if any of them do arrive to years and strength, they are, by their idle habits, contracted in their youth, rendered for ever after inclined to labour, and fery only to flock the kingdom with thieves and beggars." 3. "That if all our important poor were provided for, and those of both sexes and all ages that can do work of any kind, employed, it would redound to some hundreds of thousands of pounds per annum to the public advantage."
The condition of this class of the people there continues to be very shocking and deplorable after the lapse of more than an hundred years. Besides the attention which parliament has given to their relief in the system of laws and regulations for the poor, we find municipalities and other societies labouring in the same cause almost all over the United Kingdoms. The misery, the sickness, the loathsomeness and morality prevalent among the lower orders of subjects in Great-Britain, have been detailed in many a benevolent memoir and distressful treatise. The first volume of our first Lexide, p. 110 and p. 449, contains extracts from authentic documents of the shocking condition of the indigent in Manchester, Leeds, Edinburgh, and Newcastle. From the publications of Mr. Howard, Mr. Bernard, Mr. Mead, Mr. Colquhoun, and a multitude of other gentlemen, we learn that Chester, Liverpool, and the metropolis London itself, have suffered excessively, and are still suffering, from the ravages of a febrile distemper, formerly called plague, but now termed typhus, contagion or infectious fever. As far as we can learn,
and we have read much of what has been written by the philanthropists on the subject, the yellow fever of the American cities is a disease of temporary duration and inconsiderable mortality, when compared to the never-ceasing pestilence of the thickly-settled and manufacturing towns of Europe.
It seems to be a general fact among the civilized people of the temperate and colder regions of the globe, that want is the cause of uncleanness in their persons, clothes, beds and habitations, and uncleanness is the fore-runner of the fore and diversified maladies which are delineated in such woeful colours by those who have entered into the abodes of misery to behold them.
There is just reason to believe that these pestilential ailments are more frequent and fatal among the necessitous and crowded poor of trading and manufacturing cities, than in the more scattered settlements of the country and the airy labours of the field. This long ago appeared to be evident to the Italian physician Ramazzini, that he wrote a detailed and elaborate book expressly on the diseases to which trademen and artisans were peculiarly liable from the nature of their occupations.
This state of things, confessedly and undeniably prevalent in many parts of modern Europe, is to be traced to the tenure of landed property, in large fiefs or manors, by a small number of proprietors—to the laws regulating descents, whereby the estate is willed in the eldest son, or next male relative, to the exclusion of the younger and collateral branches of the family—and to the plenitude of population at which many countries have arrived, rendering labour cheap among the multitude of competitors, and consequently, making subsistence difficult to procure.
We have been induced to make these reflections, with an intention of repelling a fallacious doctrine contained in the publication before us, that Congress have been inattentive to the manufacturing interests of the United States, and that, therefore, nothing effectual therein can ever be done by individual exertion. The writer insists upon it, that the clothing and cutlery manufactures ought to be encouraged, by laying high prohibitory and protecting duties; that, because Congress has not given such encouragement, the finer products of the loom, the anvil, and the loom, can scarcely, if at all, be introduced into the country; and that the only method of rendering the interior tracts valuable, is by establishing manufactures of the fine articles of cotton, silk, and the metals. In his zeal for these branches of industry, he seems to forget almost all other considerations. His enthusiasm leads him to write in positive and qualified terms—and because his long, partial, and tedious memorial has not been so much heeded in Congress as he thinks such an extraordinary composition deserved, he indulges a vein of spleen & ill-humour against both houses of the national legislature. In the plenitude and certainty of his knowledge upon a subject of no small intricacy, he charges the committee of commerce and manufactures with profound ignorance of their duty and business, and treats their report on this and other similar petitions as distinguished for its loquaciousness, evasiveness, and want of information. This sort of vanity, intemperateness, and disrespect, is not calculated to make converts or to conciliate esteem. It is, however, natural enough for a person to be discontented who is frustrated in his schemes of business and profit. But the Congress possessed too much wisdom and patriotism to give an exclusive privilege of the dry goods and hardware manufactures to any selfish applicant and his associates, whereby there would be great diminution of the public revenue, the ruin of our foreign commerce, the interruption of our navigation, and serious detriment to the great body of the good people of the nation. If he is determined to be immediately a capital manufacturer in these branches, we advise him to set up his favourite business in Bengal, Great Britain, or some other country where a policy prevails more accordant to his wishes. It is not likely that he can carry his point in America, either by that kind of temper or that degree of logic which distinguish his piece.
In the land which this writer so much admires for its manufacturing exertions and skill, there is a state of society very different from that in the United States. There the people multiply faster than the means of regular subsistence, by spontaneous industry, can be procured for them in the parishes of their residence. Restricted within the limits of a small island, there is no space to accommodate this growing population. There are no new lands for them to occupy, and very trifling subdivisions of the old fields. Thus hands increased more rapidly than employment could be found for them. Some of these betook themselves to pilfering, stealing, and robbing; and, after going through the process of jails and courts, were suspended from the gallows. Others of them were either torpid or licentious, were packed together as paupers in the parish workhouses. From the wretches immured in the prisons and bride-wells, a portion was lifted for soldiers, to keep up the land establishment; and another part taken out for naval service on board the public ships of war. By the same pinching extremities are vast numbers driven into the service of the rich as domestics of various kinds. But experience at last proved that although so many of the present race were disposed of as servants, marines, soldiers, paupers, and felons, there was a surpluage of a great multitude for whom no adequate provision had been made. Here was a condition of society exactly adapted to the introduction of manufactures...crowds of indigent persons, cheapness of labour, and nothing else to betake themselves to. Under these circumstances the government wisely interferred, and, by legislating in favour of domestic arts and trades, has formed, out of the indigent members of society, the class of labouring manufacturers, who, together with the capitalists, their employers, have carried some of those branches of industry to greater excellence than is known any where else on the globe.
In the United States the tenure of lands, the laws of inheritance, and the state of society, are widely different. Every working man who desires it, may have ground of his own to settle upon. Every common labourer receives high wages for his toil. If the business he attempts does not suit him, he has no statute of apprenticeship to hinder him from taking up another. And if one place does not correspond with his expectations, he may freely move and try some more fortunate spot. Men can live better and happier by reason of the free scope given to their exertions here, than in the thronged population, and under the oppressive laws of most foreign governments. The time will possibly one day arrive, though it seems to us far distant, when the competition for employment and subsistence will be as great in our region as in countries that have been longer peopled. Then, and not sooner, probably, the wishes of this writer will be realized, of having the women & girls of the U. States taken from their family employments to work in cotton manufactures; and the boys, instead of going to school to learn what it becomes free citizens to know, engaged in the like routine of weekly labour to make scissars and pins. This, we must own, would be very lucrative and desirable to the mere monied capitalists, but, at the same time, most painful and humiliating to the animated, auto-
matons whom they would compel to perform their drudgery, and earn for them grand estates. The lover of his country and its people's happiness feels indignant at the rapacity which this member of the society of arts and manufactures manifests, and at the outrages he would commit against the sons and daughters of this land of plenty if he could. The day is not yet come when the lowness of wages, and the difficulty of gaining a subsistence, oblige them to submit to such service. He must wait awhile longer, and, in the mean time, throw the blame upon Congress.
But it is time to relate the history of the publication before us. A memorial of uncommon length, and more resembling a dissertation for the press than an address to a legislative body, was presented to the house of representatives during the winter of 1804. It contained an argument in favour of protecting and establishing manufactures in the United States. This address (for they were too proud or petulant to call it a petition, p. 11) was referred to the standing committee of commerce and manufactures. That committee, well aware of the importance of the subject, and of the earnestness of the applicants, directed their chairman to move the house for an order to print it for the more convenient use of the members. To this the house agreed, and the memorial was printed and distributed in the customary way. The committee, in addition to this mark of respect, framed a report on the subject jointly with various other petitions of a similar nature. This report, which was the result of much care and enquiry, was read in the house, printed, and referred for further consideration to the committee of ways and means. Having undergone revision in that committee, so much of it as was judged expedient to adopt, was incorporated into a bill, which was finally passed into a law.
That memorial and report occupy seventeen pages of the work under consideration. If the compiler intended to exhibit an entire view of the case, he ought to have printed the statute also, that the proceedings of Congress itself, as well as of the committees of the house, might be understood. This is a great defect in the publication, especially as, in his preface, he declares, in menacing terms, that it shall be re-printed in Great-Britain for the information of the manufacturers of that country....The other thirty-two pages of the Essay are, in a good degree, occupied by the writer's commentary and invective.
It becomes him also to inform the people on the other side of the Atlantic, that already many manufactures, of such kinds as our people are willing to engage in, are carried on thriftily in the United States, and we are even now a busy manufacturing people. Furnaces and forges for iron....the casting and boring of cannon....casting of stoves, grates, and hollow ware....the making of mallets and bayonets....the manufacture of nails, of wool-cards, of fleecy-wool and balances of anchors....the various branches of the brass-founder and copper-smith's business....the rolling of copper....the making of gold and silver plate....the founding of printing types....the erection of steam-engines....and the coining of money, are very well performed. They may also learn, that shoes, boots, trunks, harness, faddles, breeches, gloves, belts, cartridge-boxes, and buckets, are made from leather of our own tanning. Breweries, distilleries, ship-building, carving, carriage-making, sugar-refiners, paper-making and staining, the printing and binding of books, mill-machinery, dyeing, and the preparation of ink, are most of them carried on regularly, and several with very large capitals. Hats, muffs, tippets, umbrellas, ropes, cables, cordage, gunpowder, flax, soap, glue, tobacco & snuff, pot-ash, farming tools, combs, cabinet-ware and coopers-work, glass, earthen-ware, and brushes, are also manufactured to considerable extent. And by the domestic industry of the Middle and Northern States, many coatings, stockings, blankets, sheetings, and other woolen, linen, and cotton goods of the coarser kinds, are manufactured in families.
He may tell them further, that, to promote manufactures, congress permits all kinds of undressed fur, all manufactures of the United States, unmanufactured woods and wool, plaister of Paris, lapis calaminaris, tin in pigs and plates, tools of the trade or profession, and personal baggage of persons who come to settle, unwrought burr-stones, unwrought clay, dyeing drugs, metallic antimony, copper in plates, pigs and bars, raw hides and skins, sulphur, old pewter, brass and iron wire, rags of all kinds, and bullion, to be entered free from imposts. And its protecting duties on the greater part, if not all foreign imported manufactures, are as high as found policy will warrant. In this Congress has manifested great judgment, and regard for the general interest of the country; only it may be doubted whether the duties on foreign refined sugar, hats, and leather, are not actually more favourable to the domestic manufacturer than, under existing circumstances, they ought to be.
We beg this writer to reflect a little on his own fallibility, and to consider the high trust and responsibility reposed in the representatives of the people. It is hard to conceive wherefore or through what motives, they should be opposed to the true interests of their constituents. We believe they have hitherto acted with vigilance and ability in the difficult case of infusing revenue in the easiest way on the one part, and of preventing scarcity, dearths, and monopoly on the other. And we have full confidence in the enlightened and liberal survey which will continue, from time to time, to be taken of this important and complicated subject, and of the intelligence, as well as of the inclination of Congress, to adapt legislative measures to the varying circumstances of society and the times, that the fiscal, agricultural, mercantile, and manufacturing interests shall all receive due superintendence and protection. And instead of blaming them for not doing more, we seize the present opportunity to express our warm approbation of the great deal which they have done.
MISCELLANEOUS.
AGRICULTURE.
From the London Monthly Magazine for January 1804.
TO THE EDITOR.
Sir, Being fond of such experiments in agriculture as promise a probability of advantage, I have tried many, and many often been well satisfied with the results. But as two or three experiments are not sufficient in any case, I will mention a few which may be considered as hints thrown out for the improvements of others. 1. Quick fences often become open in many places at bottom, notwithstanding the utmost attention, and more especially if neglected. The Barberry shrub on the contrary, will make an impenetrable fence and also close at bottom, because it always puts up numerous suckers from the roots, which fill every vacancy. It may as easily be raised from the berries as quick or haw-thorn and it grows faster. The suckers also will strike root easily, especially if planted early. I suppose those farms may be had in plenty at most nurseries. This is worth a thought from those who have new grounds to enclose. 2. The Indian striped or ribband-grafs, which is cultivated in gardens would answer admirably for hay.
In rich ground have plants four feet high; what a bur then of hay would a field cropped produce! Cattle are exceedingly fond of it; the seeds are easily saved, so that any person might soon have enough for a rood, and from that five again and again, for as many acres as he may choose. It is probable that the crop might be much too large to be made on the field where it grew; but if it would be worth while to carry part into another field.
3. The ever-lasting pea, grown also in gardens, would make an advantageous crop especially in stony land. When once sown it will bear a crop for many years, without any annual trouble, except scattering some manure, and getting in the crop. It should be cut for green food.
4. The Morocco-pea, also, would give a prodigious crop of green food: I suppose at least four times as much as vetches; and that for many years from one sowing, as it comes up again, like the ever-lasting-pea, every spring.
5. Scotch kale planted out in June, in good land will grow very large before winter, and I am persuaded would give an abundant supply for cattle, when no other juicy food is to be had. As it grows upwards it may be planted close, and a vast deal will stand upon an acre—I have seen a few faint attempts to make advantage of this, but they were not judiciously managed. It was either planted out too late, or in very poor ground, and therefore it was not a fair trial.
6. The late Mr. Howard (the celebrated Philanthropist) gave me a few potatoes of a peculiar sort, which had been sent to him from America. I soon increased the quantity. The produce of them was at least double that of any other I know; but they were not fit for the table. I turned some hogs into the land where they grew, and left them to root them up, and eat them, which they did completely, and grew as fat as I wished them to be for roasting-pork in a short time. By this means all attendance and trouble in fattening the hogs was saved and the land well manured for the next crop and the quantity of potatoes was such as paid me this way extremely well. I have since left this sort of potato; but Mr. Howard told me that he had given it to many of his friends in Bedfordshire. It is therefore very probable that it is still there. Dr. Resse mentions this sort under the article potato, in the first edition of his Cyclopedia, with many particulars respecting it.
7. It would, perhaps, be worth while to scatter a number of mixed garden seeds in a small piece of land, and when they are sufficiently grown, to turn a horse in, among them and watch him to see which he prefers. I did so once but have lost the memorandum of it. If my memory does not deceive me, the French honeysuckle was eaten with great avidity. If so that would be a valuable plant to introduce into field culture because it grows high and bears a great crop.
8. A similar experiment to the former, if the plants be left to stand till severe winter, might probably give the knowledge of some useful plant for that season of scarcity.
9. Whoever observes the greedy manner in which poultry of all sorts, and also small birds, will devour the seeds of the large sunflower, may perhaps think, like me, that this plant would give a vast quantity of food for them on a little ground. The experiment might be tried on a few poles. I have been told that they give a flavor to the flesh of poultry exactly like that of a pheasant.
J. B. PINK.
At special courts of oyer and terminer and general jail delivery, lately held in the city of New Brunswick in and for the county of Middlesex, N. J. John Pullen was indicted for the murder of John Pullen, the elder, his father; to which indictment he pleaded not guilty. Counsel was assigned him, and on Friday last night he traversed his indictment. A plea of insanity was set up, and a number of witnesses were examined, whose testimony generally went to prove him insane. The jury being out about four hours brought in a verdict of guilty. On the following morning, after a very pathetic and elegant address from his honour the chief justice, who presided, the awful sentence of death was pronounced to him between the hours of twelve and two o'clock. U. S. Gaz.
DIDOT THE PRINTER.
On Tuesday, the 10th of July, died at Paris, in the seventy-fourth year of his age, FRANCOIS AMBROISE DIDOT, born in the month of January, 1730, leaving two sons, Pierre and Firmin Didot.
This extraordinary man has brought the art of printing to a state of excellence unattained by any of his contemporaries, and among the number of improvements perfected by his exertions, is the construction of mills for making fine paper, which he assisted not only by his zeal and activity, but by pecuniary contribution. Didot invented a press by which the workman is enabled to stamp or print, equally and at once, the whole extent of a sheet. He was also the inventor of many other machines and instruments now commonly used in printing offices, and all which have powerfully contributed to the modern advancement of the typographical art.
The elegant editions published by order of Louis XVI. for the education of the Dauphin, were the production of Didot's press, as well as the theatrical Selections by Corneille. The works of Racine, Telemachus, Tasso's Jerusalem, two superb Bibles, and a multiplicity of other inestimable works, each of which, on its publication, has emanated fresh beauties, and made nearer approaches to perfection.
Didot sedulously endeavoured to unite in his family every talent auxiliary to the Printing Art:—One of his sons became a celebrated type-founder; and the voice of fame announces the superior rank which they both deservedly hold among the printers of the age. The fond father delighted to observe that he was excelled by his children; while they dutifully ascribe their success to the force of his instruction, and the benefit of his example.
The life of Didot was the life of honour; his abilities are known and respected; and the following anecdote will prove the goodness of his heart:—In one of his journeys to the paper-mills of Anonay, he met an artist who had introduced in France an improvement in the application of cylinders, &c. and believing that his ingenuity merited reward, exerted all his interest with government, but unfortunately when he was on the point of succeeding, the artist died, leaving two girls in the helpless state of infancy. Didot took the orphans in his arms, proclaimed himself their father, and kept his word.
At the age of 73, Didot read over five times, and carefully corrected before it was sent to the press, every sheet of the Stereotype edition of Montagne, printed by his sons. At four o'clock in the morning he was pursuing his fatiguing occupation. The correctness of the text will therefore render this work particularly valuable among the productions of the modern press. About 18 months since, he projected an alphabetical index of every subject treated upon in Montagne's Essays. He had collected all his materials, at which he laboured unceasingly; and perhaps too strict an application to his favourite study accelerated the death of this eminent artist and benevolent man. [Clef du Cabinet.]
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN,
THAT a Petition will be presented to the General Assembly, at their next Session, for the sale of the Glebe in St. Mary's Parish in Caroline; & the investiture of the interest of the Money, thereby raised, in the present Incumbent, so long as he may continue to act as such in the said Parish. CAROLINE, August 18, 1804. [ew3m.]
A GREAT BARGAIN.
THE subscribers are authorized to sell by private sale, on liberal terms, and if not disposed of by the first Monday in December ensuing, will on that day, at the Eagle Tavern, in the City of Richmond, publicly sell at public auction, without reserve, for cash, the moiety of a valuable TRACT OF LAND, containing 1080 acres, in Spotsylvania county, within twenty miles of Fredericksburg. The tract is commonly known by the name of Gurnea's, and contains the lands of John Kenney, John Mitchell, & others. The moiety is that part nearest the town of Fredericksburg. PROSSER & MONCURE, V. M. S. September 22. [2am:td.]
AN ELEGANT COUNTRY SEAT FOR SALE—IN ALBEMARLE.
THE Subscriber offers for sale, that valuable and highly improved Farm, on which he at present resides. There are 245 acres of land, which adjoin the town of Charlottesville, in its whole extent. The improvements are various and considerable, and calculated for a large and genteel family, the dwelling house being 72 by 22 feet. This seat has uniformly been considered one of the most desirable in the Upper country.
A grist-mill, advantageously situated, has lately been erected on the premises, the dam of which is built of stone. Contiguous to the mill and adjoining this tract of land, a large distillery has also been established; the house 36 by 33 feet, is built of stone; and the water, which is remarkably cool, is brought in pipes under ground, but a final distance to the house. The distillery, together with the land annexed, which is of the best quality, may be had with the first mentioned tract.
Propositions by letter or otherwise, will be duly attended to; and on receiving part of the price in Negros, Casks, Bank-stock, Public Securities, or good Bonds, an interest-bearing title will be made to the purchaser, and great accommodation given for the balance, by having it satisfactorily secured. Wm. W. HENING. Charlotteville, Oct. 3. [W6m.]
WANTS EMPLOYMENT,
A YOUNG MAN who writes an excellent hand, and has been accustomed to BOOK-KEEPING for the last nine years. He can come well recommended for his sobriety and attention to business. A letter directed to A. B. and left with the Printer hereof shall be duly attended to. August 29. [ew 3f.]
DOCTOR WILSON,
HAS taken (as a temporary residence) the house lately occupied by Doctor Adams, opposite the Bell Tavern, and intends to combine the APOTHECARIES BUSINESS with the PRACTICE OF PHYSIC. He is now opening a part, and expects to receive by the next arrivals from Philadelphia, the balance of a fresh and very general supply of MEDICINES, and other articles in the Apothecaries Line, which will be sold on the lowest terms. 37 Orders from the country, Recipes, &c. will be carefully attended to. June 27. [ew6m.]
TUNSTALL'S PATENT THRESHING MACHINE.
THE advantages to be gained by farmers, by applying some effectual parts to Threshing Machines, which have greater velocity, adequate strength, and greater cheapness than hitherto, and applicable to any machinery, are universally allowed to be very great. WILLIAM TUNSTALL has obtained a Patent for such improvements; and wishes to benefit the public on the most reasonable terms. Districts and individuals may be now accommodated with Machines and patent rights, by applying in person or by letter (post paid) to the patentee, William Tunstall, at the Swan Tavern, Richmond.
N. B. A Mill Wright and Iron Worker for the respective parts, are wanted—supply as above. These Machines will hull Clover and thresh Rice. Buck Wheat &c. preferred free from grit.—Counter-weights will be dealt with as the law directs. July 18. [ew—if]
NEAL NELSON, BOOT & SHOE MANUFACTURER,
MAIN-STREET, RICHMOND,
MAKES Boots & Shoes to any pattern or fashion, equal in point of MATERIALS and WORKMANSHIP to any in general use. Imported Boots and Shoes, of the first quality and newest fashion, for sale. Gentlemen at a distance, who are disposed to forward me their measure, by paying attention to the annexed cut, can be fitted with Boots or Shoes as well as if they were on the spot. A—the length of the Boot. B—the pitch of the ditto. C—round the Calf. D—round the heel and instep. E—across the ball of the foot. Fix the heel against a perpendicular, and stick a knife at the end of the great toe—set down in figures the number of inches and quarters, in the different measures. June 30. ep6m.
A PETITION will be presented to the next General Assembly, to establish a FERRY from the lands of PETER RUST, in Richmond County, to his said RUST's lands in Essex County. September 15. [3imp.]
Mediterranean Passports.
NOTICE is hereby given, that it has been deemed expedient to change the form of the Mediterranean passport issued to vessels of the United States; that from the 8th day of July next, those of the new form will be issued at the custom houses to every vessel, for which application may be made on a compliance with the terms prescribed by law and surrendering the former passport of which she may be possessed, if any, in which latter case no fees will be required for the exchange: and that by an arrangement agreed upon by the Barbary powers with whom we are at peace, either the old or the new form of passport will be sufficient to protect the vessels of the United States, from capture until the 1st of July 1805, after which the old form of passport will be unavailable and the new one alone in use. Department of State, 23d of May, 1804.
The printers of the laws of the United States are requested to insert the above in their Gazettes twice a week for the space of five months, and the Collectors of the customs to keep copies of it posted up in their offices. June, 2.
OLD MADEIRA, DRY LISBON, & PORT WINE.
ROBERT GORDON & Co.
HAVE received by the Juliana from Madeira, 50 pipes selected OLD WINE, which they assure their friends prove to be excellent. They have also a few pipes, hogsheads and quarter-casks DRY LISBON and PORT WINE, imported by themselves direct from Lisbon and Oporto. FALL GOODS. They have received by the Charles and Edward from London, part of their FALL GOODS, and daily expect from Liverpool and Glasgow an extensive assortment of nearly every article usually imported. September 22. ep3w/8/83t
BILLS OF LADING, SHERIFFS' BLANKS, BLANK BONDS, &c. &c. FOR SALE AT THIS OFFICE.