The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1808-12-10 00:00:00

PUBLISHED BY THOMAS RITCHIE, OPPOSITE THE GLOBE TAVERN, AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE.
VALUABLE PROPERTY, FOR SALE.—The owners have become desirous of selling that well known, and valuable Property, the WARM SPRINGS, lying in Bath County, with all the Land and Tenement, belonging thereto, or they will sell the Springs with 5 or 6 hundred acres of Land. It would be useless to say anything about the situation of those Springs, and their great Medical qualities, with the superior advantages attached to them, over any of the other Mineral Waters in this country. As it is presumed that no one will attempt to purchase, who is not well acquainted with them, or who will view the property before they purchase. Any communication on this subject, addressed to the Subscriber, will be speedily attended to.
CHARLES A. LEWIS. Warm Springs, december 10. oaw3m
HOBDAI & SEATON, adjoining the City Hotel, on the Cross-Street from the Brick-Row to the Governor's house, respectfully inform their friends and the public, that they have commenced business in FANCY & WINDSOR CHAIR-MAKING, TURNING, SIGN-PAINTING, GILDING, &c. and solicit patronage. Intending always to employ the best materials & the best skill in the line of their profession, they hope to give universal satisfaction. december 10. oaw3v
THOMAS WATSON, BOOT & SHOE-MAKER, with sincere thanks to his friends for their former patronage, respectfully informs them and the public, that he continues to carry on business in the various branches of the above Manufactory, 3 Doors east of the Bank; where he has on hand, a complete assortment of fashionable BOOTS & SHOES, for sale, on reasonable terms. Orders attended to on the shortest notice. december 8. oaw3v
THE VIRGINIA LITERARY WARE-HOUSE, BOOK & STATIONARY STORE.—WM. PRICHARD & LEWIS ADAMS, having entered into a joint Copartnership in the Book and Stationary business, under the firm of Prichard and Adams, offer for sale, at their Store, opposite the one lately occupied by Wm. Prichard, on moderate terms, for cash, or approved credit, a general assortment of BOOKS in every department of Literature, Law, Mathematics, Medical, History, Philosophy, Mathematics, Belles Lettres, Periodical & Political publications, a good assortment of Novels, many of which are new, most kinds of Stationery, both for the merchant, gentleman and artist, will be sold at the lowest prices. They have and will constantly keep a supply of those Classics and School-Books, which are used in the seminaries of Virginia, and at the College of William and Mary, which, they assure their customers and the teachers in general, shall be of the best and latest editions, and at the most moderate prices. Their Law department in particular, which is more extensive than any other in the state, they rather themselves will meet the attention of the gentlemen of the bar. To those who purchase largely, liberal discounts will be given. Their extensive correspondence abroad will enable them to keep up their assortment, and procure almost any book (not out of print) on the continent, at the shortest notice. As no exertion will be wanting on their part to serve the Public, from them they solicit and expect a portion of their generous patronage.
WILLIAM PRICHARD, LEWIS ADAMS. A Catalogue of their Books will be published as soon as the same can be fully arranged. Prichard & Adams will pay the highest cash price for clean Cotton and Linen RAGS. december 8. 2t
A HORSE. Was brought to my stable, on the 27th ult. a Bay Horse about 9 or 10 years old, 4 feet 9 or 10 inches high, with a Saddle and Bridle. The said Horse, was delivered by a Negro, who said he had found him on the Common of this town. The owner may get him by applying at the Columbian Inn, and paying charges. Posted and appraised to eighteen pounds. D. BROOKS. Dec. 8. [if]
RICHMOND TURNPIKE COMPANY.—At a meeting of the Directors of the said Company, on Saturday evening the 3rd of December, 1808, the following resolution was agreed to: Whereas, from causes unforeseen as unexpected, the Board of Directors, at their last meeting, on the 29th ultimo, postponed the sale of Shares belonging to delinquent subscribers, generally denominated Stock-Holders, which were advertised to be sold on that day; Resolved, That the Shares of delinquent holders which may be reported as such by the Treasurer of this Company, on the 7th day of January next, be, on that day sold, at public auction, at the front door of the Swan Tavern in this city. NATHANIEL SHEPPARD, CLK. december 6. 1ds
NAFT COTTONS & KERSEYS.—The Subscriber has received a consignment of Naft Cottons and Kerseys, which he offers at a reduced price, for cash, or indorsed negotiable notes. ROBERT JOHNSTON. december 6. (if)
LOST, from a wagon that left Richmond the 21st ult. for Louisa—A BOX containing 4 cash drawers of an octagon form for a China Press. A Reward of five dollars will be given any person delivering them to Frederick Harris of Louisa or to Webster, Poor & Presser, of Richmond. Dec. 6. [4 times]
NOVEMBER 30th, 1808.—The members of the Dismal Swamp Company, are requested to meet at Suffolk, on the 25th of December. That place is preferred for a meeting, because it is a very small distance from the Land, and the members will have a better opportunity of information as to the whole business of the company, than at any other place. Those who may not attend, will be pleased to give power to others to act for them. WM. NELSON, JOHN BRACKEN, CORBIN GRIFFIN, Managers. december 6. 2e-4w
RAN AWAY from the Subscriber, a negro Lad, by the name of MANDEVILLE; he is about 17 years old, of dark complexion, slender make, and walks lame in consequence of having broken his thigh last spring. He has been seen lately in Manchester, and I have reason to believe he has been secreted by his grandmother old Crissy, who is well known in that place. Ten dollars and all expenses will be paid to any person who will deliver him to me, or commit him to jail, so that I get him again. W. BOLLING. Dec. 8. oaw4w
JUST PUBLISHED, by Samuel Pleasants, jr. Richmond, the second Volume of the REVISED CODE, containing 500 pages super-royal octavo, bound to match the first vol.—Price to Subscribers $5, to non-subscribers $6.
Being a collection of all such acts of the General Assembly of Virginia, of a public and permanent nature as have passed since the session of 1801.
To which are added appendices, containing, A compilation of the several laws for the establishment of the James River, Potomac, Appomattox and Dismal Swamp Canal Companies.
Laws concerning the Northern Neck, Titles of acts, authorising the establishment of Turnpike Roads, and the erection of Toll Bridges.
A compilation of the several acts concerning the Mutual Assurance Society, against Fire on Buildings.
Acts and Resolutions of a general nature, which were omitted in the revisions of 1794 and 1803.
Laws concerning waste and unappropriated lands on the eastern and western waters, Laws establishing ferries, Laws concerning the public guard, Tides of private and local acts—And
A table of fines, forfeitures, penalties and amercements; designating such as are to the use of the Commonwealth; such as go towards lessening the county levy; such as belong to individuals; and such as are appropriated to a particular object. With a complete index to the whole.
Published pursuant to an act of the General Assembly of Virginia, passed the seventh day of January, one thousand eight hundred and seven.
THE GRAND LODGE OF VIRGINIA, will meet, in the Masons' Hall, in this city, at 6 o'clock in the evening of the second Monday in December next. november 25. [ep4u]
CONGRESS.
SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES.
TUESDAY, NOV. 22. EMBARGO DEBATE—CONTINUED.
Mr. White.—Mr. President.—I have listened with great pleasure to the gentleman from Kentucky (Mr. Pope) who has just sat down; but although entertained with his eloquence, I have not been convinced by his arguments. I shall not follow him through the New-England memorials, or discuss with him the policy of a non-intercourse law, as that is not the question before the Senate; neither shall I join issue with him as to the apparent expediency of laying an embargo at the last session of Congress; but I will endeavour to show that the operation of this measure, upon the country, has been such as now calls most imperiously upon this body to pass the resolution before us. The importance of this subject is admitted on all sides and the anxiety known to exist throughout every section, and almost in every individual of the community, in relation to the decision now about to be had upon it, is the fullest evidence of the deep and unusual degree of interest universally felt throughout the country, and attaches to the vote we are to give the highest responsibility. Such a responsibility, I am not willing to meet, without assigning some of the reasons that influence my opinion. And this I shall do the more cheerfully, as I know they will be in conformity with the sentiments of a vast portion of those I have the honor to represent. The embargo when laid was admitted to be a mere experiment, but one which we were admonished not to resist, as it was to do great things for the United States. It was in a few months to reduce the West-Indies to a state of starvation, and to bring the two great belligerent powers of Europe at our feet. In the prophetic language of the President, it was to "Keep in safety our merchandise, our vessels and our seamen, these essential resources;" and we were told on all sides, by the numerous advocates of the measure, that it would speedily bring the French and British governments to a sense of justice. But has it, or is it likely to accomplish any of these desirable objects? I grant you, it has kept our merchandise in safety, if by that was intended to lock up in our barns and store-houses all the produce of our country to rot upon our hands. And as to our dismantled ark-roofed vessels, they are indeed decaying in safety at our wharves; presenting daily to the merchant a melancholy monument of his present or approaching ruin; and forming a suitable monument to the memory of our departed commerce. But where are your seamen? Gone, sir—driven into foreign exile in search of subsistence.—The very measure that was to preserve them to their country has banished them from it, and many of them forever. Even the vigilance and terrors of our gun-boat navy have not been sufficient to confine and starve them in our ports. But, sir, the most mortifying disappointment we have to sustain, is the total indifference with which this boasted measure of our administration has been treated by both the belligerents. Instead of coercing them to do us justice, we now know officially that it is neither felt, nor thought of in France and the British so far from offering us terms on the subject, will not even ask us to take it off. Here I will beg leave to read a short passage from Mr. Canning's letter to Mr. Pinkney, of the 23rd of September last, showing most distinctly the sense and determination of the British government on this subject. "His majesty (says Mr. Canning) sees nothing in the embargo laid on by the President of the United States of America, which varies this original and simple state of the question. If considered as a measure of impartial hostility against both belligerents, the embargo appears to his majesty to have been manifestly unjust, as, according to every principle of justice, that redress ought to have been first sought from the party originating the wrong: and his majesty cannot consent to buy off that hostility, which America ought to have extended to him, at the expense of a concession made, not to America, but to France. "If, as it has been more generally represented by the government of the United States, the embargo is only to be considered as an innocent, municipal regulation, which affects none but the United States themselves and with which no foreign state has any concern; viewed in this light, his majesty does not conceive that he has the right, or the pre-
tension, to make any complaint of it; and he has made none. But in this light, there appears not only no reciprocity, but no assignable relation between the repeal by the United States of a measure of voluntary self-restriction, and the surrender by his majesty of his right of retaliation against his enemies."
Here the embargo as a measure of coercion or retaliation on our part, is officially treated by the British minister even with ridicule: he tauntingly admits, indeed, what is unfortunately too true, that it is a regulation which affects none but the United States themselves; and tells us that his majesty neither does nor means to complain of it. And although the gentleman from Kentucky informs us, he has not met with, yet I have seen, a recent report made by a French minister to the emperor, in which the embargo is approved of and applauded, as what it really is, a measure favorable to the U. S. and an act of great self-denial on our part. Under all these circumstances, and every gentleman here knows the facts I state to be correct, why in the name of Heaven continue it? What beneficial end can it produce? The country is at this moment bleeding from every pore under it, without the remotest prospect or probability of ultimately deriving the least possible advantage or security from the measure. And it is not among the least discouraging of the circumstances belonging to the present state of things, that we are able to make no calculation as to the probable time when we may see the end of the evil; for upon the same principle, that the embargo is continued now, it may be continued for twenty or forty years, or at least during the war between the two great contending powers of Europe; which, I presume, no gentleman here expects will be at an end in the life of the present emperor of France, and as long as an Englishman exists with the means and courage to defend the independence of his country.
I am willing to believe, and do believe, what the honorable gentleman from Kentucky had just now in substance declared, that the gentlemen who supported the embargo laws at the last session upon this floor, supposed they would be speedily productive of great & beneficial results upon our foreign relations; that they would bring the two great belligerents, and especially England, to just and reasonable terms; and that there would be no occasion for continuing them longer than 'till they should be known on the other side of the Atlantic. But in all this they now see and know their mistake; they now know, from the most authentic sources, that these laws have produced no alteration in the conduct of either France or England in relation to us; that in fact, they are applauded by the one, and treated with contempt and derision by the other, whilst we are ourselves the suffering and bleeding victims of the rack upon which we vainly expected to torture them.
It is the fate of humanity to err; the wisest and the best of men are liable to it. And all we seek of these honorable gentlemen, now, is to come out openly, and acknowledge mistake into which they fell; and unite with us in redressing the injuries and healing the wounds they have so unnecessarily inflicted upon their devoted country. I make this appeal to them with the more confidence, because I know every gentleman here has too much character and patriotism to be influenced by the pride of opinion to wish to persist in political error. I will submit to you, Mr. President, whether we have not before insufficient evidence to show that the administration themselves are now convinced of the impolicy of this measure, and would willingly get rid of it, if they could do so, consistently with the character of infallibility they wish to preserve in the public opinion. I deduce this conclusion from the offer they say they have recently made to the British government to take off the embargo, as to them, and continue against France, provided they would rescind their orders in council. An offer which, if made unincumbered with other terms, is a complete acknowledgment of a conviction of error on the part of the administration; because, after they had subjected the country to all the deprivations and ruinous effects of the embargo for more than six months, it was coming to the precise ground we were requested to take in relation to France, by the British government a year before the embargo was laid, in the famous note of Lords Holland and Auckland, to Messrs. Monroe and Pinkney, accompanying the British treaty formed by those gentlemen. All they then asked of us, was, that we should "not acquiesce in the palpable violations of our rights, directed by the 'Berlin decree,' if attempted to be enforced;" but surely they have not contemplated more, than if France did attempt to enforce that decree, we would interdict all intercourse with her, and continue our commerce with Great Britain; which would be the effect of the stipulation recently proposed.
This proposition from the British government, however, in December, 1808, was spurned with disdain; and now when the country is half ruined with the experiment of a perpetual embargo, such as I believe was never before practised upon any people, we refused to grant them. Sir, the truth is, the administration must now be convinced, that the embargo is injuring none but ourselves, and us it must eventually ruin if persisted in. I regret too, this proposition was made because it has furnished to Mr. Canning an opportunity of offering a most sarcastic insult to the government of this country. He tells Mr. Pinkney, in reply to it, "His Majesty would not hesitate to contribute in any manner in his power to restore to the commerce of the U. S. its wonted activity, and if it were possible without any sacrifice, facilitate its removal as a measure of inconvenient restriction upon the American people." "I have no faith, Mr. President, in the sincerity of this profession; but I feel most sensibly the severity of the sarcasm, as applied to a measure of our own administration, that we were confidently told was to bring England to our own terms."
I will now, sir, with the indulgence of the senate, endeavor to examine, as concisely and correctly as I am capable of, the operation of the embargo upon the commerce and general prosperity of the U. S. States. According to the last report of the secretary of
the treasury, it will be found, that the goods, wares and merchandise, of foreign growth and manufacture, exported from the U. S. States in the year prior to the first day of October, 1807, amounted to $39,643,536—All the revenue, all the national and commercial wealth that would have arisen from this very extensive trade, is completely destroyed by the embargo; it is a total loss to the country that can never be recovered. In the same report it appears, that the goods, wares and merchandise, of domestic growth and manufacture, the actual produce of our own country, exported from the U. S. States in the same year, amounted in dollars to $48,699,592. The whole commercial profits and national wealth that would have arisen from the exportation and proceeds of this immensely valuable produce, is for the present lost to the country, and a large portion of the merchandise, the produce itself, must be forever lost if the embargo be long continued. All, or nearly all the produce of the fisheries, amounting in dollars to $2,804,000, as likewise the agricultural produce of the country, a few articles, such as tobacco, cotton, rice, &c. excepted, which I have not included in this estimate, amounting in dollars to $18,621,000, making in the whole twenty-one million four hundred and twenty-five thousand dollars, that must be forever lost to the fisherman, the farmer and the merchant; because they are articles of a perishable kind, such as fish, wheat, flour, indian meal, flaxseed, beef, pork, &c. that will not admit of being kept on hand for a market. So that if the embargo be now continued, the country in fact may be said already to have sustained a clear loss, in her native produce only, of more than twenty-one million of dollars by the measure; besides the duties that would have arisen from near a million and a half of tonnage now idle in our docks; & the immense expense of large detachments of militia, regular troops and a fleet of gun-boats to enforce the laws. And so obnoxious are those laws, that although to enforce their execution we have blockaded our own ports, and hung our own citizens, they are still openly resisted, by force, and seriously endanger the domestic tranquility of the country. But, sir, it is to be observed, that the actual loss sustained during the embargo, is not the only evil arising from it; another more permanent is to be apprehended. It will have the effect of throwing the commerce of the world into other, and different channels; of inducing foreign nations to seek in other countries what they have heretofore been in the habit of purchasing of us, and what we now deny them. For instance, we now, or did, export more than fourteen million of dollars worth annually, and principally supplied the British manufacturers with this article; but it is well known that the soil and climate of the Brazils is equally congenial to the growth of this crop with our own, and with due attention to the cultivation of it, is capable of supplying abundantly all the manufacturers of England—Surely then I shall be correct in stating, that the embargo is a premium sufficient to stimulate them to this exertion, and to enable them ultimately to supplant us in the sale of this very valuable staple of some of our southern states. And the intimate connexion known, at present to exist between the British government and the regency of that country, will greatly aid in producing this result.
Now sir, let me enquire, during the existence of the present state of things, whence are we to derive our revenue? A consideration, certainly of no small importance to a government depending entirely for her revenue upon commerce. Our commerce is now completely at an end, and of course our revenue; by the way, another loss to the nation of at least fifteen million of dollars annually by the embargo. This I know cannot be felt during the present year, because our treasury is now overflowing with the proceeds of the last. But from what sources are you to obtain money next year, for the support of government, and the payment of the national debt? Are gentlemen ready to resort to a direct tax? No, sir, they love place and power too well. That was once done for the purpose of raising money, I believe to defend commerce, and the people of this country on that occasion, taught their servants a lesson that I presume will not be shortly forgotten. The President I know in his late message, has given a favorable account of the present state of the treasury; and most kindly indeed expresses much concern as to the best use to be made of the surplus revenue of the next year. Sir, among all the cares and troubles of his successor, I venture to predict that this will not be one of them. He will not be plagued with surplus revenue next year. Mr. Jefferson's overweening anxiety for the public good must have blinded him to the obvious fact, that before he can be well warm at his seat at Monticello, the revenue now bonded for will be collected, and as in consequence of the present abandonment of commerce, there will certainly be no other bonds to become due, it follows necessarily, in the course of your annual expenditures, that by the next meeting of congress your treasury must be empty, so that instead of being troubled with surplus revenue, it will require all the fiscal talents of the next incumbent of the palace, be he whom he may, to provide the sum essential for the support of government.
The gentlemen who advocate this, I don't know what to call it, tarrapin policy—I beg pardon, sir—when driven from every other us that if we dare to put our heads in any part of this wide world, we shall get them broke, or, in other words, if we take off the embargo, we shall have war. Laying out of view any comparison between the probable expense of war, & the actual loss annually sustained by the embargo, the former bearing no comparison with the latter, let us examine for a moment what foundation there is for this assertion; and whether we might not at this time, even admitting the British orders in council to have their full operation, carry on safely a most extensive and valuable commerce with at least three fourths of the commercial world. I have before me those orders of council; the only restricting clause is in the following words: "His majesty is therefore pleased, by and with the advice of his privy council, to order, and it is hereby
ordered, that all the ports and places, of France, and her allies, or of any other country at war with his majesty, and all other ports and places in Europe, from which, although not at war with his majesty, the British flag is excluded, and all ports or places in the colonies belonging to his majesty's enemies, shall from henceforth be subject to the same restrictions in point of trade and navigation, with the exceptions hereafter mentioned, as if the same were actually blockaded by his majesty's naval forces in the most strict and rigorous manner." As much as I condemn and feel disposed to resist these arbitrary regulations, they certainly do not interfere with, or in any respect embarrass our trade to Indostan, China, Java, Sweden, Gibraltar, England, Scotland, Ireland, Spain, Portugal, Sicily, the whole extent of the Mediterranean and Atlantic coast of Africa, Arabia, the Western Isles and Madeira, Nova-Scotia, Canada, the Spanish, Swedish, & British West Indies, the Floridas, the Brazils, and all the rest of South America except Cayenne, as likewise the N. W. coast of America. These countries too, as will appear by the last report of the Secretary of the Treasury, receive annually nearly four fifths of the whole native exports of the United States; & are certainly none of them, notwithstanding what has been said by the gentleman from Maryland (general Smith) with in the purview of the British orders or Council. That gentleman, when on this part of the subject, I will do him the justice to acknowledge, told us he had risen in great haste, and was unprepared; and indeed, sir, it would require great haste, and great want of preparation, to justify some of the statements made by the gentleman to the Senate—Among other things equally extravagant, he told us, in the face of the British Orders of Council I have just read, that we were now interdicted by those orders from any trade with Spain or Portugal; and after referring to Mr. Canning's reply to the committee of Merchants, viz. "That neutrals were not now excluded from the ports of Portugal and Spain by those orders"; triumphantly asked us to tell him, as lawyers, whether, if a vessel engaged in that trade was carried into a British court of Admiralty she would be tried by Mr. Canning's conversation with the merchants, or according to the law of the land? I answer the gentleman, not as a lawyer, but as a man of common sense, that she would be tried according to the law of the land. And I wonder it had not occurred to that gentleman, as a man of common sense, that according to the law of the land, she must be acquitted. Sir, the express language of these orders is, "that all the ports and places of France and her allies, or of any other country at war with his majesty, and all other ports or places in Europe, from which, although not at war with his majesty, the British flag is excluded, &c."—And will the gentleman undertake to say here, that Spain and Portugal are now the allies of France, or that the British flag is now excluded from their ports? No sir. The gentleman knows they are, at this moment, waging a most exterminating war with France, in defence of their very existence; and that they derive their principal support & subsistence under the British flag. There is no man who can read & understand plain English, and shall examine these orders, but will tell you in a moment that the ports of Spain and Portugal, so far from being within their spirit, are not even within the letter of them. But independent of this, there was a special proclamation of the king, dated on the 4th July last, notifying to the world, that the blockade no longer existed as to the ports of Spain. The advice the gentleman has been pleased to detail to us, as received in private letters from Europe, I shall take no notice of; they are entitled to none, unless he will first submit those letters to the senate, and then we shall give that weight to which the characters of his correspondents, and their means of acquiring correct information, may entitle it. Gentlemen, by turning to the last report of the secretary, to which I have before referred, & I wish them to examine for themselves, will find, that of the 43,699,592 dollars worth of produce and other merchandise, the actual growth and manufacture of our own country, exported from the United States in 1807, we sent
Table with 2 columns: Country/Region, Value. Rows include: To England, and her dependencies in Europe, Asia, Africa, America, $27,917,077; To Spain and her dependencies in Europe and America, 3,998,575; To Portugal and her dependencies in Europe and America, 1,399,616; To Sweden, and British West-Indies, 472,666; To China, the East and West-Indies generally (not included above) Africa, and the north-west coast of America, 1,919,908.
Making, in the whole, $35,707,842. Almost four-fifths of the whole native exports of the United States for that year, which we might export nearly as safely now as then, but for the embargo; for it cannot, it certainly will not, be now contended, that any part of this commerce is embraced by the British orders of council, and the French decrees in relation to it, from a total inability to execute them, are a mere nullity. It is not therefore, as has been said, the decrees and orders of foreign powers, that have reduced our country to its present distressed and embarrassed condition. It is our own folly, the embargo, that now palsies the labor, the energies and enterprise of our citizens, and locks up more than thirty-five millions of dollars, the native produce of our country, to perish and sink upon our hands. I want to hear, sir, for I have not heard yet, how this enormous, this unnecessary and ruinous sacrifice of national and individual wealth, can be justified to the public. There is no man who holds more indignantly than I do, those French decrees and British orders; but, before my God, I do most religiously believe, that the embargo is a thousand times more injurious to our country than they both could be rendered. Instead of availing ourselves of the immensely extensive and valuable commerce now open to us, with at least three-fourths of the commercial world, it has now been

A great deal, if we can be permitted by the President and his cabinet, to speak along shore from one of our ports to another, with as much flour and pork as we can eat on the passage. Sir, this is the next commercial country of the world to England: we are in fact, in this respect, their only competitors, and whilst, as at present, they have an opportunity of monopolizing all the commerce of the world, do you believe they will ever ask us to take off the embargo? No, sir. This would be an act of madness in them, equal almost to our continuing it. They do not wish to meet upon the ocean again their industrious and enterprising rivals. They are no doubt pleased to see us shackling and crippling ourselves.
Much has been said by the gentleman from Maryland (General Smith), on the subject of tribute , and in a manner I do not well understand, unless it be, to return upon the gentleman his own language, ad captandum. I wish it, however, to be distinctly understood, that no part of the commerce I have undertaken to show the United States might now carry on, would be subject to any tribute . I wish it to be further understood, sir, that I would not only see this country clad in home-spun, but covered in sack-cloth and ashes, rather than that she should consent to pay tribute . I would see every commercial city upon our shores, and every rag of canvas we hold, in flames. I would see our soil smoking with the best blood of its inhabitants, and the bones of our citizens mingled with the ashes of their dwellings, rather than see this people submit to pay tribute to any nation on earth. I trust there is not in either house a member, who would not sooner risk his life and spill his blood, than give a vote that should reduce his country to a condition so slavish and degrading. And I hope, Mr. President, that no insinuation has, or will be made here, calculated even to intimate an idea, that the gentlemen of this body who may vote for the repeal of the embargo laws, would subject this nation to tribute . Such an insinuation would not only be unfounded, illiberal and derogatory of this floor, but in other respects highly unjustifiable.
It has been asked by the gentleman from Kentucky, why do not those who oppose the embargo propose some substitute? Certainly it cannot be expected of us to offer ourselves as the pioneers of this administration; but in reply to the question, I will refer gentlemen to a confidential letter submitted to the Senate a few days past: Gentlemen need not be alarmed, I am not going to tell what that letter contains. If any substitute be necessary, in that is pointed out the one I would adopt: that is marked a safe, a high and an honorable course, that if pursued, without I believe, endangering our peace, would add alike to our national character and our national wealth.
It has been well observed by the gentleman from Virginia before me, (Mr. Giles,) that it is time we were nationalized. The sentiment was worthy of that gentleman, and one to which I entirely subscribed. But is the system, of which this measure is apprehended by many to be but the commencement, calculated to nationalize? No, sir, much better calculated, I fear, to estrange the extremities of the Union from each other, and to familiarize our ideas to an event, that I deem it almost treason to think of; and that every honorable and patriotic American must view as the most calamitous course that could be forced upon this country. I beseech, gentlemen, therefore, to beware how they press this system too far. There is a section, a very respectable and powerful section of this country, that with commerce is rich and happy: deprived of that commerce, a large portion of its population must starve. That population expect, and as a portion of the community, have a right to expect, that their only means of subsistence will be fostered and defended, and not sacrificed to manufacturing whims, or local prejudices. I do not mean to intimate, that the embargo grew out of either of these causes; but the continuance of it at present, under existing circumstances, after the galling experience we have had, and when it can obviously produce nothing but distress and embarrassment to ourselves, may engender and nurture jealousies, that perhaps time will not allay. I believe the people of this country would submit to any privations for the public good, but they must first be convinced that the public good requires the sacrifice. It must, it will astonish every unprejudiced and reflecting man in the community, if this ruinous measure be persisted in, after the experience we have received, and when we have before us the most conclusive and irresistible evidence to show, that it is utterly inadequate to the accomplishment of any of the objects for which it was said to be intended. And conduct that cannot be accounted for on any reasonable ground is apt, however unjustly, to be attributed to unworthy motives. I trust, therefore, that gentlemen on their own accounts will not reject this resolution; that they will, at least, first deliberate and look to consequences: that they will feel well the public pulse, before by this rash prescription, they stagnate the national blood.
FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE, Received at the Ledger Office, by the Cutter Alert, from Plymouth.
LONDON, Oct. 5. On the subject of the reported revolution at St. Petersburg, there is as yet no further information. A ministerial paper of this day, ("the Morning Herald,") quoting a letter from Holland, dated the 2d instant, states "that the Russian nobles had protested against the intended departure of the Emperor from his capital, in order to meet Bonaparte. This we are inclined to believe, and to no further extent has our belief been carried."
The nobles of Russia, it is not unworthy of remark, possess a full share of pride, and with it a large portion of interested feeling. They are nearly all merchants. They export the produce of their own estate, their hemp, tallow, sheetings, &c. and import in return colonial produce, French wines and brandies, and, though, last not least, large sums in solid cash from Great Britain. Nothing can be more probable than that such a body of men feeling their country degraded, with disasters of every kind staring them in the face, and being all times materially affected in their private interests, should insist upon a change, either of their ruler, or in his measures. Such changes are not brought about in other countries without long and laborious efforts: in Russia the practice is easy and familiar. The advantages arising to Europe from such a change, in the present posture of affairs, would be invaluable; but on these, we must forbear to comment until our information can rest on some sure foundation. In the mean time, we shall only observe, that the Paris papers, and the Swedish letters, are certainly at variance. The former would persuade us that Russia is in the strictest alliance with France, and ready to assist her to the full extent of her resources; the latter intimate that a reprobation has commenced which is likely to terminate in a peace with England.
These differences might be easily reconciled, if we could but suppose, that when Count Romanzow left St. Petersburg, the Emperor was inclined to aid the plans of Bonaparte, but that after his departure, a sudden change had taken place, which defeated the views of the French party in that capital.
The conjecture is not unfeasible—may it soon be realized!
Yesterday, in the court of common council, Mr. Waitman made the motion of which he had previously given notice, "that an humble address and petition be presented to his majesty, expressing their astonishment and grief at the extraordinary and disgraceful convention lately entered into by the commanders of his majesty's forces in Portugal, and the commander of the French army at Lisbon, praying his majesty to institute such an inquiry into this dishonorable and unprecedented transaction as may lead to the discovery and punishment of those by whose misconduct and incapacity the cause of the country and its allies have been so shamefully sacrificed." This motion, we are happy to say, was unanimously agreed to. In this taking the lead and expressing the sentiments which are felt in every British heart, the city of London has done itself great honor, and we trust that the example, so worthily given, will be as extensively followed. The Morning Post denies that the ministers were averse to an enquiry. But where is the proof of this gratuitous assertion? From the night when they ordered the park and tower guns to be fired on the arrival of the disgraceful convention, up to the present moment, they have not by any one act, officially announced, retracted the approbation, so signally expressed, of a transaction which filled every other mind with disgust and abhorrence!
The inhabitants of the United States appear to differ totally from the government, with respect to the efficacy of the embargo. They begin to discover that a measure, which they were taught to believe would, in the course of a few months, compel England to retract her orders in council, and France to rescind her prohibitory decrees, has not had the smallest effect upon either: that they respectively adhere to the principles they at first adopted, and there is little chance the 'self-denying ordinance' of the American government will be attended with the effect expected. The people are sick of the embargo. It has ruined the shipping and commercial interests, and the agriculturist has the produce of his labors rotting upon his hands. The notable expedient of converting the American sailors into husbandmen it found not to answer. The farmer will not be as the expense of growing an article for which he is not sure of a market; and the people are consequently thrown out of employment.
HORNE TOOKE. —This gentleman died yesterday. His literary acquirements were considerable, but it was, as a political character, that he principally attracted public notice. He was anxiously attended, to the moment of his dissolution, by his friend, pupil, and patron, Sir Francis Burdett. Mr. Tooke, we believe, has left two daughters.
From the Oporto Gazette, Sept. 14.
Letter written by the Camp Marshal General, Bernardino Freire de Andrade, dated at head quarters at Mesfria, the 6th September.
I have the honor to transmit to your excellency, a copy of a letter from gen. Murray, which I have this moment received, and which certainly corresponds with the opinion I have always entertained on the conduct of our allies. Our flag is hoisted on the tower of St. Julien, and it is garrisoned by the regiment of artillery of Corte.—The admiral commanding the Russian squadron has sent his compliments on the occasion. And thus, sir, we hope, under Providence, that nothing will obstruct the prosecution of our endeavors, and the sincere intentions with which so many men of honor and probity have engaged in the service of our prince and country.
I am, &c.
Copy of a letter from general Murray just referred to.
After my arrival in the camp, I have just received a letter from the adjutant general, written under an idea that I should have the honor to see you; but as this will not take place as soon as I could wish, I must address you in writing. The adjutant general assures me, in the name of the general, that it was merely through a mistake, that the English flag was hoisted on fort St. Julien; that nothing could be more distant from his intentions; and that the moment he was apprized of it, he caused it to be taken down, & the Portuguese placed in its stead. It would certainly have been better if this had not occurred, but I trust that your excellency, and the Portuguese nation, will be satisfied it proceeded only from a mistake. I am further to inform your excellency, that there is now in Port Julien, a body of Portuguese artillery which had been in the French service. It appears to me, from the tenor of the letter, that the general thinks it advisable to remove it from thence, but he at the same time, directs me to request your excellency's opinion and wishes on this subject. I cannot conclude, without expressing to your excellency my sense of your obliging attentions since my corps has been with yours, and to assure you that I am, &c.
MURRAY.
In Camp, Sept. 5, 1808.
Gen. FREIRE DE ANDRADE.
Oporto, Sept. 14.
COPY OF A LETTER.
Senior Jose Felisberto de Cerqueira. —We have at length reached the fortunate moment, in which I can send you pleasing intelligence. The English, after having defeated the common enemy in the field of battle, have also prevailed over him in a treaty; and this city will be saved from the destruction which was to be apprehended if the French had fortified themselves in it, and continued their accustomed excesses. I have not been able to see the convention, in which it is said there are conditions favorable to the French, allowing them to take away their baggage, their own artillery, and some horses; but let them take away what they may, at least we already enjoy liberty. Our temples are freed from the profanation of those villains, our lives and our families are, thank God, in safety; and as we are to be given up to the English, our dangers are at an end. I hope the posts will be re-established, that I may receive your communications, and send you accounts of what has passed, or may hereafter occur. You may send an answer by the bearer, who is to return with expedition.
Believe me, &c.
MANUEL DE COSTA RAMOS.
Lisbon, Sept. 6, 1808.
"HEAD-QUARTERS, OYERAS, Sept. 10." The British army is encamped on the right and left of Lisbon, and on the left side of the Tagus. They are also in possession of the line of forts from the rock of Lisbon to fort Belem inclusive. The French are embarking, and it is thought that our head-quarters in a few days will be removed from hence to Lisbon. Six companies of the 20th regiment of infantry are to cross the Tagus to-morrow morning to Elvas, which is (I think) about 150 miles; and it is thought we are to station about 15,000 men at the passes on the frontiers. We have a great many general officers here, about forty-seven. Don Miguel Setaro acts as British consul at Lisbon.
"SEPTEMBER 11." —Since I wrote to you yesterday, our head quarters have been ordered to Belens. The news here this day is, that the Spanish
army stopped the Russian ambassador at Badajos, on the frontiers of Spain; that they have sent either his dispatches or a Spanish officer, and that they have been delivered to the commander in chief. Others say that the Spanish officer took them on for the purpose of accelerating the measures which it is said they are intended to promote, and to expedite the receipt of them. The French, it is said, have begun to fortify the frontiers in the neighbourhood of the Pyrenees, and to act on the defensive.
NEW-YORK, Dec. 5.
LATEST FOREIGN NEWS.
After a considerable lapse of time, during which we were almost without any intelligence from Europe, we have once more the satisfaction of gratifying the appetite of the quidnunc. The British packet Manchester, captain Davis, arrived at this port on Saturday evening from Falmouth and Halifax with the October mail, she left Falmouth on the 12th of October. Mr. Ely a passenger, has politely favored the Editor of the MERCANTILE ADVERTISER with London papers to the 9th, twelve days later than our advisers by the ship Betsey.
We have copied from them as liberally as our limits would allow. Indeed, excepting the taking of Burgos and Bilbao by the Spaniards; their uniform success; and the departure of Bonaparte from Paris, to arrange at Erfurth the destinies of Europe with the autocrat of the north; there is very little in these papers either to inform or amuse.
The expedition under Sir David Baird, consisting of 200 transports and 14,000 men, said to be destined for Corunna, sailed from Falmouth on the 9th of October.
We learn from Halifax, N. S. that the expedition of 4000 men, which has been fitting out there for a secret service, was to sail about the 7th or 8th inst. for Bermuda under Sir George Prevost, where their number was to be augmented to 5000, and from whence it was conjectured they would proceed to attack the island of Martinique.
The legislative assembly of the province of Nova Scotia opened its session at Halifax on the 24th of November. The governor, Sir George Prevost, in his address to the members of both houses, congratulates them on the present favorable aspect of political affairs in the success which has attended the British arms, in co-operation with those of Spain, Portugal, and Sweden, against the common enemy; and thus notices the American embargo:—
"When I turn my thoughts to the affairs of this province, I find much to congratulate you upon. We can now fully and fairly estimate the effects of the embargo, so long and so rigorously imposed on the commerce of the United States, by the government of that country. The manner in which their general restriction of trade has been carried into execution, leaves no doubt as to the real object intended to be accomplished by it. The project has totally failed, and the British nation has derived sufficient experience from the measure, to be convinced that her Colonies & her Commerce can be as little affected by the Embargo of America, as by the Blockading Decrees of France. New sources have been resorted to with success, to supply the deficiencies produced by so sudden an interruption of commerce, and the vast increase of imports and exports of this Province proves, that the Embargo is a measure well adapted to promote the true interest of his majesty's North American Colonies."
After some local information his excellency announces to the legislature that he shall shortly proceed on a particular foreign service and that, during his temporary absence, the civil administration of the province will devolve on the Hon. Alexander Croke.
LONDON, Sept. 28.
The Gazette of last night contains a dispatch from Lord Collingwood, inclosing a letter from Lord Cochrane, relative to the capture from the French of the Port of Mongal, an important post commanding a pass in the road from Barcelona to Gerona, which the enemy were then besieging. The military stores found in the Castle were delivered to the Spanish Militia, after which the Castle was destroyed and rocks blown down into the roads, which in many places was rendered impassable to artillery, without a very heavy loss of men to the enemy, should they determine to repair them. About the same time, Captain Otway of the Montague, landed at Rosas Bay a party of marines in aid of the Spanish peasantry, and repulsed a French force which was on its march to attack that fortress.
The Guards of the little king of Holland have lately committed several excesses at Ziess, which the King was unable to put a stop to, though in his rage he tore the uniform from off his back, and declared he would never put it on again unless they returned to submission.
September 30.
A Gotterburgh Mail arrived at a late hour last night. Its contents are very interesting. The Swedish Papers confirm the report of a Proposition having been made by Admiral Saumarez, for the surrender of the Russian fleet in the Baltic ports. It is said that the Commanders of the Combined Squadron were willing to permit one half of the Russian ships to return to Cronstadt, on condition that the other half should be given up. The Russian Admiral objected to these terms, but offered to dismantle his ships. This proposal was, however, in its turn rejected, and when the last accounts left the blockading fleet, a free ship was prepared to be sent against the Russians. The King of Sweden has written a letter to the Emperor of Russia, on the cruelties committed by his troops in Finland, which points out, in a noble and distinguished manner, the impolicy of his conduct. It is probable that this just reproof would reach his Imperial Majesty when he was setting out to meet his worthy ally Bonaparte, for it appears that he was expected about the middle of the present month at Koningsburg, on his way to Erfurth, where the interview is to take place!
Sir Hew Dalrymple, we understand, has been recalled.—Sir Harry Burrard is to be left in the command of the troops in Portugal—and Sir John Moore is to command the troops going to Spain.
Some new reason occurs, almost every day, for expecting important and favorable intelligence from Italy. A report of a serious insurrection having broken out in that country, prevailed at Rotterdam on Saturday last.
Admiral Lord Gambier sailed on Tuesday in the Caledonia, of 120 guns, to take the command of the Channel fleet.
October 1.
Reports have long been afloat, that the Embargo in the French ports on American
ships had been taken off; they are, however, stateley contradicted by the following letter, received by a respectable house in the City:
" Paris, September 19. "—Our endeavors to get such American ships, as had actually loaded for America, released from the existing embargo, have again completely failed, the answer we have got is nearly the same as the former one, viz. "That the Bayonne Decree must remain in full force. That his Imperial and Royal Majesty cannot allow any ships to depart from his dominions, till the reasons have ceased to exist which caused the Government of the United States to order an embargo on all its shipping; that any navigation now carried on by American vessels, is in direct opposition to the wishes of the said Government, and can only be meant as trade, beneficial to the enemy of all neutral rights." You will please to inform us, whether we shall unload your ship, &c. as no probability remains of accomplishing your wishes of getting her home."
October 3.
Bonaparte has left Paris, preceded by the crafty Talleyrand and Mr. Champagny, and accompanied by his several other ministers, and some distinguished general officers. His destination in the first instance, is avowedly for the States of the Rhenish Confederation; and under all the circumstances of the case, there can be little doubt that his object is the arrangement of the operations of the approaching campaign in Germany.
Marshal Lasnes is said to have arrived at Koningsberg, for the purpose of conducting the Emperor Alexander to Erfurth, in Saxony, where he was to have an interview with Napoleon. The object of this interview must unquestionably be the arrangement of some plan for the subjugation of Europe.
Bonaparte has issued two Decrees, the one relating to the Greek church in Dalmatia, the other to the increased rigorous prohibition of colonial produce in France. No article of this description is allowed to be brought into France from Spain or Holland, and vessels so freighted which shall enter the rivers Elbe, Wezer and Jade, are ordered to be seized and confiscated. The members of the Confederation of the Rhine are stated to have been subsidized by Bonaparte to provide 100,000 men for France at a specified price. They are, for the present, to be employed in the interior of France, where, in all probability, the Tyrant is fearful of trusting the French troops among the discontented multitudes of his subjects.
Prohibition against the introduction of Colonial Produce.
Extract from the minutes of the office of the Secretary of State.
PALACE OF ST. CLOUD, Sept. 6. Napoleon, Emperor of the French, King of Italy, and Protector of the Confederation of the Rhine.
On the Report of our Minister of Finance, our Council of State have been heard, we have decreed, and do decree as follows:—
Art. I. The introduction of all Colonial Produce coming from Holland and Spain into France is prohibited until further orders. II. All vessels freighted with such articles, which shall enter the Elbe, the Weser or the Jade, shall be seized and confiscated. III. The present Decree is not to contravene that of the 9th of June, by which we reserved to ourselves the right to allow the importation of cotton wool, under certain circumstances. IV. Our Minister of Finance is charged with the execution of the present decree.
(Signed) NAPOLEON.
Private advices state, that the Russian Admiral in Baltic Port has offered to surrender his fleet to Admiral Saumarez upon the same conditions as those granted to the fleet in the Tagus; and that the latter has written home for instructions how to act.
The two Mr. Freres, who are appointed Minister Plenipotentiary and Secretary to the Supreme government of Spain, set out this day to fulfil their mission. They will be accompanied by the gallant Marquis De la Romana. They take with them one million of dollars for the use of the Patriots.
The Genoa Gazette, of the 30th ultimo, states, that Napoleon has demanded that the Austrian ports in the Adriatic may be shut against American vessels.
The German papers again name Bernadotte as Bonaparte's intended king of Portugal, and Berthier as Murat's successor in the Grand Duchy of Berg.
Erfurth, the place fixed in the Gottenburgh Mail for the approaching interview between Bonaparte and the Emperor of Russia, is a fortified town in Lower Saxony. There Alexander will be as much in the power of the Corsican as in the heart and center of France.
October 5.
We stop the press to insert the following, received by a mail just arrived:
KONINGSBERG, Sept. 16.
On Saturday or Monday next the Emperor Alexander with his brother Constantine and their mutual friend Caulincourt, are expected here, on their way to Erfurth, where they are to have a meeting with Napoleon.—Constantine, it is said, goes thither with very ill will, but the Emperor insisted on it.
The diplomatic concerns of the French at Petersburg, will, in the mean time, be managed by the Chevalier de Bray, the Bavarian minister at that city.
The Emperor of Austria has also received through Duroc, who was sent to Vienna for that purpose, an invitation to be of the party; but it is thought that he will decline it.
Gen. Sir A.thur Wellesley and Gen. Ferguson have both arrived in England from the British army in Portugal.
It appears by the letters received from London, that credit is reviving in that city. The Government paper which had lately been at a discount of 40, is now only at 20—Exchange on London 68 3-3.
The Patriots of Spain having succeeded in concentrating a considerable force, without giving to the enemy any opportunity of attacking them in detail, have begun their operations against the enemy's quarters. In several skirmishes the Spaniards have had the advantage; but the principal affair that has taken place was on the 26th, at Bilbao, of which the patriots have again obtained possession, after a very severe action, in which the enemy was defeated with great loss. The conquerors were received with great joy by the inhabitants, who immediately proclaimed Ferdinand VII. There seems great reason to hope, from the situation of the two armies, that the French will be either compelled to abandon their position, or to fight under great disadvantage.
A curious circumstance is mentioned in an article from Cadiz. Gen. Dupont with his Staff, who had embarked for France, are stated to have been captured by the English and carried into Gibraltar. Admiral Ros-
sily, who commanded the French fleet which surrendered at Cadiz, is also stated to have been captured in the same manner, and carried into Malta.
The Austro Consul at Carthagena was employed by order of his court, in collecting the Spanish manifestoes, accounts of battles, etc. for the purpose of being sent to Vienna, to be compared with the French statements.
Large bodies of troops continued to pass through Madrid for the main army.
There are a variety of statements in the Dutch papers respecting Bonaparte's journey to Germany. According to one report, he is to return to Bayonne by the 18th of this month, to take the command of the army acting against Spain. In the mean time, a conscription of all the principal performers on the Paris stage has been made for the amusement of the Emperor of Russia, during his stay in Germany.
The troops of the Rhenish Confederation are all pressing towards the French Head quarters at Bayonne, at which place according to the arrangements that have been made, they are expected to arrive by the 24th of this month.
It appears that Murat did arrive at Naples on the 6th ult. and immediately proceeded to exercise the sovereignty which Napoleon's decree has conferred upon him. We believe, however, he does not sit very tranquilly on his throne. He has to dread a descent of British troops in Calabria, which may perhaps encourage his subjects to treat him much in the same manner as the Spaniards have Joseph.
Yesterday accounts were received from the Brazils. They state, that the President frigate, having Lord Strangford on board, arrived at Rio Janeiro on the 20th July. The President sailed from Portsmouth on the 26th of April with a convoy which parted from on the coast of the Brazils. Every thing was proceeding in that part tranquilly and prosperously under the auspices of the new government.
Letters of a recent date from Riga state, that the Senate of that city had petitioned the Emperor Alexander not to quit his dominions for the purpose of meeting Bonaparte. The answer returned to this representation is said to have been, "that the Senate would better consult its duty, by attending to those concerns which were within the limits of its functions, than by interfering in affairs of State." The person who transmitted this information added, that the reply excited no surprise; for it was impossible his Imperial Majesty could make any other, while he had Caulincourt at his elbow. Considering the despotic nature of the Russian Government, we feel inclined to doubt that the Senate of Riga has ventured to make such a remonstrance.
It appears from these letters, that sanguine expectations had been entertained for some time at Riga of peace between Russia and this country. It is extraordinary that they make no mention of the perilous state of the squadron in Baltic Port, or of the disgraceful manner in which it sought shelter there.
Insurances have been effected at Lloyd's to the amount of upwards of half a million, on vessels now on their voyage from Russia, freighted with the produce of that country.
October 8.
The arrivals from Spain are almost daily. Spanish papers were received last night to the second instant.—The French evacuated Burgos on the 22d of last month, and fell back to the Ebro. They now occupy a line along that river which extends from Miranda de Ebro to Cienfuegos, a small town on the left bank of one of those numerous small rivers that run into the Ebro.—This line is about sixty miles in length. Behind Cienfuegos, after crossing the Ebro, the road runs direct to Pampeluna. Their force amounts to about 40,000 men. On the Ebro it should seem as if they had received orders to maintain themselves, if possible, until reinforcements reach them. We do not hear, however, of any having yet passed the Pyrenees. The enemy expect to be attacked by the Spaniards, and have therefore taken a position which is best calculated to receive that attack. In their rear is the Ebro—their left flank extends to the river near the little town of Cienfuegos—their right is at Miranda, on the Ebro, where there is a castle on a mountain of considerable extent. From the preparations and positions of the Spaniards we should rather think it was their intention to attempt cutting off the retreat of the enemy to the Pyrenees, and to force them to surrender by depriving them of the power of getting supplies. On their right flank no Spanish force is stationed to watch them, because there is no danger of their making a movement to the West of their position, and thus abandoning the Ebro. But on every other side there is a strong Spanish force. In their front the Castilian army is advancing by Aranda and Osma—Blake is on the left of that army at Quintanilla, and it should seem as if he was to support its operations. Meanwhile the detachment that took Bilbao, is drawing round by St. Sebastians to the rear of the French.
That detachment is to be joined by the Spanish troops under the Marquis de Romana, who has arrived off the Spanish coast, and are to be landed at Bilbao. Palafox's army, the army of Arragon and Valencia, now under the command of Cuesta, is on the other side of the Ebro, and its head quarters are at Sos, a little to the South-East of Sanguesa. This position shews us clearly that the army of Arragon is to attempt to interpose itself between Pampeluna and the Pyrenean frontiers. The army under General Limas is at Agreda. If our readers will take the trouble to look at the map, they will find that the enemy are pressed on every side, except on their right flank.
Lord William Bentinck is arrived at Madrid, on a special mission to the Supreme Junta.
A letter from an Officer at Falmouth says, "we shall sail probably as soon as the wind is fair. Corunna is reported to be the place of Rendezvous."
"We are in number 12,413 men, and 850 horse, exclusive of Officers, staff, and Non-commissioned Officers."
"The artillery are provided with the new invented guns, to be carried by mules when the march of the army lies through the mountains. The Royal Waggon Train are also to be completed with mules on their arrival."
"The transports are provisioned for two months, from which some conjecture we are going into the Mediterranean, but from what has transpired through the staff, it is to enable these ships after our debarkation, to proceed to Portugal to receive the troops there and convey them to any other point where they may be wanted."
Our Portsmouth correspondent informs us, that when the Russian fleet from Lisbon, accompanied by our squadron, entered Portsmouth harbor, the latter did not hoist their colours, as if the feelings of the Russians ought not to be wounded by seeing our colours hoisted on our ships and their own colours not

hoisted on board theirs! Our correspondent however adds, that since they have been in the harbor, the Russian Admiral's flag has been flying on board his ship. This sight galled the seamen and the people of Portsmouth grievously.
Dutch papers have been received to the first. They contain no intelligence of importance. Bonaparte arrived at Mentz on the 14th, and was to set out for Frankfort the next day.
The Grand Decade, which has done so much mischief to our trade in the West-Indies, has been taken by the Conflict and sent into Plymouth.
It is said that the six battalions which were sent to Halifax under Sir George Prevost, in the then probable event of a rupture with America, have been ordered to be embarked immediately.
Sir Charles Brisbane is appointed governor of St. Vincent.
Mr. Murphy, of the house of Gordon and Murphy, having made application to the Spanish government to raise three native battalions, permission was accordingly given, and that gentleman was appointed colonel of the regiment.
Mr. Francis Mazarredo, of the house of Messrs. Gomez de la Torre, Perez, Mazarredo and Co. made application to the Spanish government to raise three native battalions. Permission was accordingly given, and that gentleman was appointed colonel of the regiment.
The latter is the nephew of Bonaparte's advocate in Biscay. Another nephew has been some time with the Spanish army.
PRICE OF STOCK THIS DAY AT TWELVE O'CLOCK. 3 per Cent. Cons. for Money 65 12-28—Do. for Act. 65 5-8, 3 per Cent. Red—Omnium 34 dis.
CORUNNA, Oct. 1. Burgos was evacuated by the French on the 22d ult. after spiking their artillery and destroying their powder. The next operations will be directed against St. Sebastian. From the situation of the two armies, a great battle must take place very soon, unless the French retire altogether. Reinforcements are pouring in upon Blake's army every day. To-morrow we expect 30,000 troops, part of which are English, and some from Portugal, to arrive here on their way to join him. The Spanish troops under the Marquis De la Romana arrived off this harbor last night, and have been ordered for Santander and Bilbao.
MADRID, Sept. 17. The houses and remaining effects of those who went away with Josep Napoleon, and the other persons devoted to the French, have been seized on by order of government. To-day arrived here the division of General Reding, which it said, is on its march for Somosierra, to join the army of Old Castile. The General will go to Grenada to organize the 20,000 men who have been enrolled there, and are now clothed and equipped. These, we are assured, will embark at Malaga for Catalonia, where it appears they have not more than 5,000 regular troops, the migueletes not being such; and, that principally, besides, is deficient in cavalry. The divisions of the Seignor Coupigni have marched for Arragon.
Sept. 27. General Cuesta is named Commander in chief of the army of Arragon and Castile, in the request of general Palafox. Major-General Lord Wm. Bentinck arrived here the day before yesterday.
REYNOZA, Sept. 5. We have received intelligence, that the fourth division of our army, under the command of the Marquis of Portago, had entered Bilbao, after a strongly contested action of three hours against 2000 French, of whom a number were killed, and the rest escaped to Vittoria. On our side we had some wounded. We have taken the greater part of the baggage of Mazarredo, who was with that division of the French, and made his escape with them. To-morrow we expect the particulars.
We have been assured that our vanguard made itself master of Pancova, distant three leagues from Trespaderna, where were the head-quarters. It is said, the enemy made an obstinate resistance. We wait the confirmation of this report.
PHILADELPHIA, Dec. 6. Extract of a letter from London, dated 4th Oct. "It is reported here that there has been an insurrection at St. Petersburg, that the empress was at the head of it; and that the cause of it was, Alexander's going to Erfurth to meet Bonaparte—and that Alexander was arrested. Great-Britain, Sweden and Russia were negotiating for a Peace."
Extract of a letter from a Spanish gentleman, of officially employed in London, to his friend in this city, dated Oct. 2d, 1808. "We are anxious to know the fate of the general attack of the Patriots against the remains of the French army in Spain. General Blake has already arrived in Reynosa, to attack the flanks of the French in that post. General Castanos was to attack the front of Burgos—General Palafox with another army was to attack the other flank. The three armies amounted to above 90,000 of the best regular troops; to this is to be added 10,000 of the Marquis Romana's troops, and 10,000 English troops, which are now landing in Asturias; the 20,000 English troops which were in Lisbon, and 15,000 Spaniards, from Estremadura, had marched to join the army at Burgos—in addition to these, there were upwards of 35,000 well armed peasants. The Emperor Napoleon is making every exertion to effect his purpose in Spain, where he will be powerfully, and we hope, successfully opposed, though not without great bloodshed. Register."
NEW-YORK, December 3. The following gentlemen have been appointed by his excellency the governor, commissioners to superintend the fortifications to be immediately erected at the Narrows, agreeably to the act of the Legislature, appropriating one hundred thousand dollars towards that important object:
The Hon. De Witt Clinton, General Jacob Morton, James Fairlie, Esq. Mr. Arthur Smith.
We understand that the Commissioners have already entered upon their duties. It is with pleasure we communicate this fact, for it is all important to this great commercial city, that it should be secured from danger—and we have no hesitation in saying, that the Narrows can be so strongly fortified, as to bid defiance to the most powerful enemy.
There is another important consideration connected with this great work—it is this—Foreign merchants will always prefer a safe depot for their property, as well in time of peace as during a state of war—And New-York, as heretofore, will stand first as a commercial city. Lang.
WASHINGTON, Dec. 7. In the Senate nothing material has been done these two days past. The House of Representatives are yet en-
gaged on the report of the committee on our Foreign Relations. On Monday Messrs. Randolph and Love spoke; and yesterday Messrs. Gholson and G. W. Campbell. No question has yet been taken.
Extracts of a letter from a gentleman in Cape-Francois, dated Nov. 11, 1808, to his friend in Philadelphia.
"I now annex, for your information, a copy of a letter received by me— "H. CHRISTOPHE, president, &c. &c. "TO MR. *****. Cape."
"DEAR SIR—I have only just time to announce to you the total destruction of the revolted party's flotilla, off St. Marks, by my squadron; the fruits of this brilliant action is the capture of two of the enemy's largest and heaviest schooners, and four armed barges, and two sunk; one of the vessels captured proves to be commodore Boi Blanc's flag ship; he abandoned his vessel and saved himself by swimming on shore; she is loaded with all kinds of military equipments, and provisions, intended for the revolted army. I have ordered gen. Doe to make a general attack on the enemy, their retreat being cut off from Port-au-Prince, and are hemmed in on all sides. I expect to give you a satisfactory account of their total annihilation. Rest assured they shall never again reach Port-au-Prince. I salute you with friendship. "H. CHRISTOPHE."
"Nov. 10." "Such are the prospects on our side, indeed I think it all over with Petion—he may struggle a few months longer, but the force opposed to him is too formidable."
THE ENQUIRER. RICHMOND, DECEMBER 10, 1808.
LEGISLATURE OF VIRGINIA. The House of Delegates have not yet discussed any question of great and general importance. We have given extracts from the first sheet of their Journals. We shall give extracts from the rest as they come from the press.
The House have referred to a committee, so much of the Governor's Message as relates to the law passed during the last session respecting the organization of the Judiciary—with the communication from the Judges of the General Court on that subject.
On Thursday, the nomination of candidates for the Governor's Chair took place, the constitutional period of our present worthy Chief Magistrate having expired—Messrs. Baker, Murdaugh, and Walker nominated JOHN TYLER, Esq. now Judge of the General Court. Mr. Wirt nominated HUGH NELSON, Esq. now Speaker of the House of Delegates.
Yesterday had been fixed upon, by a Resolution of the House, for the day of the Election—Messrs. Baker, Murdaugh, Stith and Semple, spoke in favor of Judge Tyler; and Messrs. Wirt, Cabell and Barbour in favor of Mr. Nelson—After these effusions had been delivered, the House proceeded by joint ballot with the Senate, to make the appointment. The committee selected to count the Ballots, performed that duty and reported that
John Tyler had 113 votes Hugh Nelson 82 Mr. Sheffey, (the Speaker pro tem.) pronounced, that "consequently the Hon. John Tyler is appointed Chief Magistrate of this Commonwealth for one year."
And we are happy to pronounce, that John Tyler, Esq. was a distinguished Whig in the Revolution, that he has most faithfully served his country in her Executive Council, in her Legislative bodies, and on the Bench of Justice; that he has been a firm Republican in principle as well as in practice; a sincere and steadfast friend of the administration of Mr. Jefferson—and a decided friend to the Election of Mr. Madison, and will of course be a zealous friend to his administration. The fortunes of the Republic must be secure, when its destinies are committed to the guidance of such officers.
Mr. Samuel Pleasants, jr. was re-elected Public Printer, without opposition.
On Tuesday, Mr. Strother had laid the following resolution before the House of Delegates:
Resolved, That a committee be appointed to enquire and examine into the situation of the Armory established for the Manufacture of public Arms, and that so much of the Governor's communication, as relates thereto, be referred to the same. This resolution was subsequently directed to lie on the table, on the motion of Mr. Sheffey, who wished to give it a more comprehensive scope—Yesterday Mr. Sheffey proposed a substitute, which with a few verbal modifications proposed by Messrs. Murdaugh and Baker, is in the following terms:
Resolved, That so much of the Governor's Communication, as relates to the Manufacture of Arms, be referred to a select committee, and that they be instructed to enquire into the manner in which the institution has been conducted since its commencement; the amount of money appropriated and expended; the number of Arms completed, and the various descriptions thereof, the un wrought materials on hand; the component parts of the arms; the quality of the arms made; and to make such further enquiries, into the state and operations of the said Manufacture as they may deem interesting to the public, and make report thereof, by bill or otherwise.
Referred to Messrs. Sheffey, Strother, Allen, (Shenandoah) Edgington, Rutherford, Watson, Archer, Ritchie, Brockenbrough, (Hanover) Storr, Smith (K. & Q.) Baker and Riddick.
The following letter of resignation was received from Wm. Aylett, member of the Executive Council: RICHMOND, Dec. 9, 1808. SIR, In consequence of arrangements, which have been heretofore made, with a view to provide for my family, I have determined to remove to the Western Country, in the course of the ensuing spring. My private affairs, at present, require so large a portion of my time, that it would be extremely inconvenient for me to devote as much of it to the duties of my office, as my country might reasonably expect: And although I feel, that the duty which every citizen owes to his country is secondary only to that which he owes to his creator; yet it would be the height of presumption in me, for a moment, to suppose, that there are not very many of my fellow-citizens, as well (if not much better qualified than myself) to discharge the duties of the office which I now hold, whose convenience it would much better suit. Under these circumstances I have concluded to resign the seat, which I have had the honor to hold in the Executive Council, and I request that this may be received as my resignation. With sincere wishes for the prosperity and welfare of my native state, I pray you to accept for yourself & the members of the House of Delegates a tender of my highest respect. WM. AYLETT. The Hon. the Speaker of the House of Delegates.
Mr. Wooding (of Pittsylvania) moved the following resolution, which was adopted: Resolved, That this House will, on Tuesday next, proceed by joint ballot, with the Senate, to the removal of two members from the privy Council or Council of State, agreeably to the constitution of this Commonwealth.
Mr. Carris (Louisa) moved the following resolution, which was adopted: Resolved, That the Executive of this Commonwealth, be requested to lay before this House a statement of the Public Arms, which have been distributed amongst the several regiments of Militia, and their situation and fitness for service, according to the latest Inspection Returns.
The election of Register of the Land-Office comes on this day.
On Thursday the Senate took up the case of Col. ALEXANDER SMYTH of Wythe; on which the following proceedings took place, according to the Journals of the Senate.
Mr. Currie reported from the Committee of privileges & Elections that the Committee had, according to order, had under their consideration the subject of the election of Alexander Smyth to them among other subjects referred, and had come to two resolutions thereupon.
The said resolutions, being delivered in and twice read, were, on the questions being severally put thereupon, agreed to by the House as follows:
Resolved, That it is the opinion of this Committee, that the certificate of the Election of the said Alexander Smyth, not being made by the Sheriff or deputy sheriff of all the counties composing his senatorial district, is not in the form or to the effect prescribed by law.
Resolved also as the opinion of this Committee that the said Alexander Smyth having been appointed by the President of the United States to a military command, which appointment he hath accepted, his seat in this House is thereby vacated.
On motion, Ordered that writs issue to the sheriffs of the counties of Montgomery, Botetourt, Giles, Grayson, Tazewell, Wythe, Washington, Lee, Russell, Monroe, Greenbrier, Mason and Kanawha, requiring them to hold elections in their respective counties for the choice of a Senator to represent the district composed of those counties in the stead of Alexander Smyth whose seat is vacated.
EXTRACTS FROM THE JOURNALS OF THE HOUSE OF DELEGATES. TUESDAY, Dec. 6.
Ordered, That a committee for Courts of Justice be appointed; and a committee was appointed of Messrs. Semple, J. Allen, Sheffey, Wirt, Kinney, W. Brockenbrough, C.K. Mallory, Strother, Barbour, Watson Preston, Murdaugh, Thompson, Cunningham, Noland, Wooding, Ritchie, Jones (of Nottoway) Cheatham, Harrison, Lowther, Robinson, (of Princess Anne) Baker, Stannard, (of Spottsylvania) Banks, Payne and Walker. And they are to meet and adjourn from day to day, and to take into their consideration all matters relating to courts of justice, and such other matters as shall from time to time be referred to them; and report their proceedings, with their opinion thereupon to the house; and, also, to examine what laws have expired since the last session, or are near expiring, and report the same with their opinion which of them are fit to be revived and continued; and the said committee are to have power to send for persons, papers and records for their information.
Ordered, That a committee of Propositions and Grievances be appointed, and a committee was appointed of Messrs. Sheffey, Edgington, Prunty, Wyatt (of Charlotte) Hatcher, Stannard (of Chesterfield) Roberts, Wills, Wyatt (of Gloucester) Lundy, Sifton, Hooe, Aylett, Hill (of Madison) Estill, R. Christian, Penn, Purnall, Moseley, Gibson, Marteneu, Hull, Davis, Slaughter, Willis, Harris, Gray, Forbes, J. H. Christian, Anderson, Roszell, Joyner, Parker, Garland, Perkinson, Cabell, Given, Warwick, Leftwich, Otey, Porterfield, Faris, McClenahan, Rowland, Congleton, Harrison, Patterson, Pittman, Watts, (of Campbell) Moreman, Hoomes, Coleman, Christian (of Charles-City) Egmon, Price, Pegram, Tucker, Watts, (of Elizabeth-City) Edmonds, Buckner, Graham, Brent, Castleman, Callaway, Baytop, Underwood, Carter, Dickenson, Morrow, M'Laughlin, Jeffries, Johnson (of Giles,) Shannon, Donaldson, Higgins, Bowe, Selden, Martin, Wren, Purdie, Lightfoot, Barret, Reynolds, Morris, Roane, Smith (of King George) Hill (of King William) Shearman, Verby, Irby, Smith (of Lunenburg) M' Culloch, Billings, Smith (of Mathews) Segar, Jessee, Craig, Dashiell, Holt, Upshur, Sneed, Harney, Brakewell, Fitzgerald, Innis, McKinney, and Peyton—And they are to meet and adjourn from day to day, and to take into their consideration all propositions and grievances which may come legally, certified to this assembly, and report their proceedings with their opinion thereupon to the house; and the said committee are to have power to send for persons, papers and records for their information.
Ordered, That a Committee of Privileges and Elections be appointed; and a committee was appointed of Messrs. Wooding, Corbin, Crutchfield, Archer, Daniel, Holmes, Coleman, Strother, Stannard, (of Chesterfield) Baker, Cheatham, Mallory, (of E. City) Wirt, Grigsby, Storr, Smith, (of King and Queen) Murdaugh, Hatcher, Barbour, Prunty, Simon, M'Farlane, Crockett, Preston, Edmonds, Tyler, Lightfoot, Pittman, Kinney, Roberts, Baytop, Anderson, Billings, Jones, (of Nottoway) Holt and Hooe. And they are to meet and adjourn from day to day, and to examine in the first place, all returns for electing delegates to serve in this present General Assembly, and to compare the same with the form prescribed by law, and take into their consideration such matters as shall or may come into question, concerning elections and privileges; and re-
port their proceedings with their opinion thereupon, from time to time to the House; and the said committee are to have power to send for persons, papers and records for their information.
Ordered, That a committee of Finance be appointed; and a committee was appointed of Messrs. Barbour, Wyatt (of Charlotte) Crutchfield, Wirt, Sheffey, Semple, Madison, Cheatham, Watts, (of Campbell) Baker, Prunty, Cunningham, M'Farlane, Congleton, Otey and Watson.
Ordered, That a committee be appointed to examine the Clerk's Office, and a committee was appointed of Messrs. Cheatham, Hatcher, Lightfoot, Estill, Simon, Leftwich, Lowther and Grigsby.
Ordered, That a committee be appointed to examine the executive expenditure for the last year; and a committee was appointed of Messrs. Madison, Harris, Crutchfield, Hull, Given, Garland, Lightfoot, Billings, and Tyler.
Ordered, That John Robinson be appointed clerk to the committee for Courts of Justice; Charles Barret, clerk to the committee of Privileges and Elections, and Claims; and Edmund Pendleton, jun. clerk to the committee of Propositions and Grievances.
On Thursday last, the ELECTORS OF VIRGINIA, dined together at the Swan-Tavern in this City.—The Madison Corresponding Committee, and the Governor of Virginia were their guests.—These gentlemen coming from different parts of the State, and bringing with them the sentiments of the people, many of them distinguished Whigs of the Revolution, assembled in harmony and unity to interchange the emotions of friendship, at this interesting crisis of our public affairs. Every thing was conducted in the most orderly and dignified manner. It was all the Feast of Reason and the flow of soul.
SPENCER ROANE, Esq. one of the Judges of the Court of Appeals, and Chairman of the Electoral College, presided.
ROBERT TAYLOR, Esq. of Orange, Speaker of the Senate, acted as Vice-President.—After an elegant and plentiful Dinner, the Cloth was removed, and the following Toasts and Volunteers were drunk:
1. The United States. Cemented by the blood of Patriots; foreign intrigue cannot dissolve their connexion. 2. The state of Virginia; among the first to unfurl the banner of independence, and the last to abandon it. 3. The Congress of the United States.—Their vigilance will keep alive the holy flame of '76. 4. The memory of gen. George Washington. 5. The heroes who bled in defence of American Liberty. 6. Thomas Jefferson. The retirement of a patriot sage from power renders his glory immortal. 7. James Madison. His election will be a sure pledge that the people of America will disdain to submit to foreign aggressions. 8. George Clinton. He continues to receive the rewards of merit and patriotism. 9. The majority in Congress, their political course supports the honor, and promotes the interest of their country. 10. The virtuous citizen who in the day of peril "is for his country," & not "against his country." 11. The state of Pennsylvania; whose noble exertions in the cause of freedom have blasted the hopes of foreign intrigue, and domestic faction. 12. The State of South-Carolina; here the spirit of party is sacrificed at the shrine of patriotism. 13. Massachusetts; may her sons forever emulate the virtues of the Hancock's & Adams's of '76. 14. The Union of the States; the majority must govern, it is treason to secede. 15. Peace with honor—War if necessary. 16. Commerce unshackled by Tribute. 17. The militia of the United States; their valor and enthusiasm will render them formidable to their enemies.
VOLUNTEERS. By Governor Cabell.—The Embargo, Non-Intercourse, or War—Any thing rather than submission to French Edicts or British Orders in Council. By Judge Holmes.—The Prospect before us.—We dare the fury of the gathering Storm. May every American be identified in the ruin or triumph of his country! By Mr. Hugh Nelson, Speaker of the House of Delegates.—Success to Domestic Manufactures! May America avail herself of those Goods, with which Nature has endowed her, to render her destiny independent of the conflicts of Europe. By Judge Stuart.—We are prepared to support the measures of Government, without the publication of the Confidential Message. By Doct. Foushee.—Every succeeding fourth Anniversary of the first Wednesday of December—May it be as productive of substantial benefit to America, as the last! By Judge Roane.—(A toast being requested from him)—The man who "stands committed"—to vindicate the Rights of his Country. By Mr. Peyton Randolph.—The Embargo—Its eulogium is pronounced by its enemies—They never have been able to find a Substitute. By Judge Roane.—(Gov. Cabell having retired.)—Our worthy and patriotic Governor, Wm. H. Cabell—He deserves well of his Country. By Mr. Abraham B. Venable.—Resident Foreigners—Hospitality to those who are for us—deportation for those who are against us. By Gen. John Preston.—The Heroes and Patriots of '76—May their Sons emulate their virtues, and hand them down to future generations, unsoiled. By Mr. Philip Norborne Nicholas, Attorney General.—The British Ministry—May they learn by experience, that we will neither be the Dopes of their Artifices, nor the passive subjects of their Insolence. By Judge Stuart.—The American Institutions—They will be found as practicable in War, as they have been in Peace. By Mr. Thomas Ritchie.—The High Seas—"The High-Way of Nations"—though we have retired from them for the present to preserve peace, we shall soon return with accumulated thunders to blast the continued Violators of our Rights. Mr. John Randolph has charged the REPORT of the Committee of Foreign Relations, with an "anachronism"—an inconsistency which he cannot reconcile. In what does this anachronism consist?—The report asserts that the British Orders in Council "were not known in America at the date of the (Milan) decree"—on the
17th December, 1806. It also asserts, that "on the 22d of December, it was well understood in this country, that the British Orders in Council of November preceding had issued, although these were not officially communicated to our government."
Now passing by the distinction between a thing's being "known" and being "well understood;" between an official communication of any event, & the report or anticipation of such an event, however satisfactory; between information on which a foreign government may found a claim to redress, and that information, which may be insufficient to justify our own resorting to measures of precaution—passing by this distinction,—where is the anachronism in the Report? Is it any inconsistency to assert, that a thing may be known on the 22d of Dec. which was not known on the 17th? Is the 17th after the 22d?
If there be any Anachronism at all, it is Mr. Randolph himself, who has committed it.—According to our common dictionaries, Anachronism is "an Error in computing time."—And may it not be an Error to assert, that an event cannot be known on the 22d, which is not known on the 17th?
It is said, that Orders have been given to march all the force of the United States, South and West of the Delaware, to New-Orleans.—It is expected, that requisitions of 1000 militia from the Orleans and Mississippi Territories will be made; and that Congress will be called on for 2000 or 2500 seamen, to man the Gun-Boats and smaller ships—forty of which, it is expected, will be destined for Lake Pontchartrain and the Mississippi.—It is presumed, that these preliminaries will be adjusted before the period of the Adjournment of Congress.—May not the accounts of Europe, and the tone of the Eastern States decide the ultimate course, before Congress adjourns?
A gentleman has given the character of the hon. John Randolph's Speech, by a single dash of the pencil:—"Words, Words, Words! CETERA DESUNT."
From a Letter from WASHINGTON Decem-ber 7.
"If I am not much deceived, the spirit of the nation is up. Every member, with whom I have conversed, is for strong and efficient measures.—The only question with the true-hearted members, those who love their country, its liberties and independence, is, how we shall avenge the insults and outrages offered us by the Belligerents of Europe. Non-Intercourse will be the first step taken, and preparation for war will be made. The most intelligent members, with whom I have conversed, are of opinion, that we shall be at war with England, if not France before the middle of March."
"John Randolph yesterday made a Speech. "Oh! that mine enemy would" make a Speech.—As far as he can, he has injured & disgraced his country. The able Report of the Committee was before the House. He rose, and lo! he makes a Speech on our Foreign Relations, and the far greater part of his time was taken up in abusing Mr. Madison, on the ground of his alleged hostility to the State Sovereignties; although the refutation is given to every word he uttered, by Mr. M's Report, when in the Virginia Legislature, on that subject, and by the Debates which followed immediately after the General Convention, in the Convention of Virginia."
"Mr. R has done every thing in his power to distract the Councils of the nation, and to destroy the necessary confidence in our rulers. He speaks contemptuously of our reason as a nation, and falsely, of our want of Spirit and character to redress our wrongs. He disgusts every American heart, and delights every spy and partisan of Great Britain. When it is known that he is to speak, the Galleries are crowded with Englishmen and Pseudo-Americans."
From "The Ladies Museum" To a Lady who complained that her eye was Blood Shot! Oh! be not afraid, Thy eye is all red, While your cheeks, my dear Kate, are so ruddy; For so many die, By the stroke of that eye, No wonder the weapon is Bloody.
COW POCK. Doctor Trent is now inoculating for this disease in its genuine form. RICHMOND, Dec. 10.
RICHMOND THEATRE.—Mr. Alacorn and his company, have the honor to inform the citizens of Richmond, and its vicinity, that their next performance will be on this Evening, the 10th of December, when will be exhibited, TIGHT & SLACK ROPE-DANCING, TUMBLING, ITALIAN SHADES, &c. &c. with a variety of other Performances, as mentioned in the bills. The Performance will commence at 7 o'clock.—Admittance half a dollar.—Good Fires will be kept. December 10.
MUTUAL ASSURANCE SOCIETY.—The General Annual Meeting of the Mutual Assurance Society, against Fire on buildings of the state of Virginia, will be held at the Capitol, in the city of Richmond, on Monday, the first day of January next. SAMUEL GREENHOW, Principal Agent. Richmond, General Office of } Assurance, Dec. 1, 1808. oawt2DJ
All the Printers in Virginia, and in the town of Alexandria, are requested to publish the above once per week, until the second day of January next. S. G.
THE Subscriber having furnished himself with an elegant assortment of mountings and other materials; begs leave to inform the public that he has commenced the CABINET MAKING BUSINESS, upon an extensive scale, in the house near Spockee bridge, next door to Samuel Pleasants, Jr.'s printing office, where he will keep a constant supply of furniture for sale upon reasonable terms—and where furniture in his line will be made upon the shortest notice, and in the most approved fashions, or upon any model which may be directed. The subscriber will also keep on hand, a constant supply of Fancy and Windsor CHAIRS of all descriptions, for sale upon reasonable terms. C. M. PERRY. Richmond, Nov. 28, 1808. (F)
N. B. Coach and Sign Painting, done at his shop on the shortest notice and in the very best manner.
JUST received from Philadelphia, a consignment of LEATHER, consisting of—Waxed Calf Skins, Coach, Hair-Pop, and Cow-drawn Boot-Legs, Striking, Reamings and Shavings, For sale, at low price $ D. F. BURR. Nov. 18. New-Bawl-1808-9

ST. LOUIS, (U. L.)
LAW INTELLIGENCE.
The United States vs. George Druillard.
On Friday the 23d ultimo, the trial of George Druillard for the alleged murder of Antoine Bissinette, came on before the court of Oyer and Terminer...
The party arrived at the mouth of the Osage river, about 120 miles up the Missouri on the 14th of May 1807, and when again putting off it was discovered that the deceased was missing—Mr. Lisa, the commander of the party directed them to call him, but he made no answer: Lisa then said to Druillard, 'go and bring him, DEAD OR ALIVE.'
The counsel for the prisoner contended that the crime would only amount to manslaughter, in case it had not been proved that the deceased committed a felony. The desertion from a voyage so peculiarly important to the prisoner and hazardous in its nature, and a refusal on the part of the deceased to be taken, was a sufficient provocation to do away the least possible presumption of malice, propense, on the part of the prisoner.
The Attorney general contended that the desertion of the deceased, and carrying off the articles of equipment was only a breach of trust in him—the killing was perpetrated through express malice, and that it was murder in the fullest and most strict sense of the term.
At such a time as this, when every man seems disposed to put his whiskers upon the war establishment, who could dream that Mr. Randolph was trifling with a serious face? yet it was even so. Mr. Randolph wishes to pass for the particular friend of the people, and to make them believe so, he calls for the publication of the secret documents.
MR. Wm. E. WEBB, Administrator of Benjamin Edwards, decd. North-Carolina—Str.—Please to take notice, that on the second Monday in January next, I shall take the deposition of Mr. Spencer Ball, jr. of Northumberland county, in Virginia...
WANTED as a TUTOR in a private family a person qualified to teach the Latin and English languages grammatically, and Arithmetic—Apply to the Printer.
LANDING from the Schooner RICHMOND, at Lester's new Wharf:
23 Crates Earthen Ware,
25 Hds. Muscovado Sugar,
11 Do. Green Coffee,
9 Bales Woolens.
WANTING to rent, a small FARM, in the neighborhood of Richmond, containing from 150 to 200 acres, with a house suitable for a small family. For such a one, will be given a liberal rent. Enquire at this office.
WANTED to rent, a small FARM, in the neighborhood of Richmond, containing from 150 to 200 acres, with a house suitable for a small family. For such a one, will be given a liberal rent. Enquire at this office.
PROPOSES for carrying MAILS of the United States on the following Post Roads, will be received at the General Post-Office in Washington, until the sixteenth day of January next, inclusive.
IN VIRGINIA.
27. From Martinsburg, by Williamsport to Hagerstown once a week.
28. From Winchester by Stephens or New-Town, Strasburg, Woodstock, Newmarket, and Harrisonburg to Staunton once a week.
29. From Washington City, by Prospect Hill, Lanesville, Leesburg, Waterford, Hillsboro, Charles Town, Shepherdstown, Martinsburg, and Middleway, to Winchester once a week.
30. From Washington City every Tuesday at 7 a.m. and arrive at Martinsburg on Wednesday at 5 p.m.
31. From Washington City, by Fairfax c.h. Centreville, Middlebrook, Goshen, Millwood, Paris, Winchester, Romney, Westoverport, Green Glades, and Gandy's, to Clarksburg twice a week.
32. From Washington every Monday and Friday at 3 p.m. and arrive at Fairfax c.h. by 6 p.m.
33. From Washington every Tuesday at 7 a.m. and arrive at Winchester on Thursday at 10 a.m.
34. From Washington every Tuesday and Friday at 4 a.m. and arrive at Cincinnati on Friday and Monday at 10 a.m.
35. From Washington every Monday and Friday at 3 p.m. and arrive at Fairfax c.h. by 6 p.m.
36. From Washington every Tuesday at 7 a.m. and arrive at Winchester on Thursday at 10 a.m.
37. From Washington every Tuesday and Friday at 4 a.m. and arrive at Cincinnati on Friday and Monday at 10 a.m.
38. From Washington every Monday and Friday at 3 p.m. and arrive at Fairfax c.h. by 6 p.m.
NOTICE.—Cash given for Northern & Southern Bank NOTES at a moderate discount by SIMPSON MORRIS.
RICHMOND, Sept. 14.
DIED.—From the service of the United States, on the 8th instant, a Private in the 5th regiment of Infantry, named JOHN FERGUSON—30 years of age, 5 feet 5 1-2 inches high, swarthy complexion, dark hair, blue eyes, has a sickly appearance—He was born in Delaware county, state of Pennsylvania by profession a shoemaker.
NOTICE.—All persons having claims against the Estate of Wm. Friend, decd. late of Manchester, are hereby required to bring them forward, as early as possible, that arrangements may be made for payment; and all persons indebted to said estate, are earnestly solicited to make payment, as speedily as possible.
FOR SALE, 387 Hds. upper Inspected TOBACCO, 1000 lbs. Soot LEATHER, 40 Tiers common WHISKEY, 8 Casks real old rectified Do., 10 Tons country bar IRON, by WM. W. DICKENSON.
GLOBE TAVERN.
THE Subscriber has excellent accommodation for thirty Members of Assembly, and at a moderate price: he hopes from his strict attention to give satisfaction.
NOTICE.—In the year 1793, a request was made by letter from a gentleman in Virginia, (through Mr. Joseph Johnson, Consul in London) to Mr. Thomas Digges, then in England, to make enquiry for the heirs or the family of a Mr. Abraham Milnes, who, when a youth, left Brierly near Huddersfield in Yorkshire, for America, and was a clerk to a merchant in Virginia, afterwards kept a store of his own, had a partner in trade, and died unmarried, about the year 1753, leaving landed and other property. Unfortunately, by the loss at sea, of the Ship Jane and Rachel, capt. Dade from London to Alexandria, in the year 1793, the letters of request and other papers and memorandums were lost, and even the writer's name, which is supposed to be Farly or Farley, as well as his place of residence has been forgotten, but is supposed to be near Petersburg in Virginia.
The subscribers, or either of them, will be much obliged to any one, informed of either of the parties above alluded to, or can give any trace as to their residence, or informed of any landed or other property of said deceased Abraham Milnes, by letter directed to the subscribers as below; and they will thankfully pay any costs for ascertaining the names, places of residence, or effects of said deceased, &c. &c.
NOTICE.—That in virtue of a deed of trust, bearing date anterior to the act, entitled "An act concerning the sale of Property under executions and incumbrances," I shall, on Saturday, the 7th day of January next, upon the premises, expose to sale, by public auction, for ready money, the BRICK TENEMENTS, and the Ground thereto belonging, as now occupied by Messrs. Webster, Poore & Presser, and John B. Walton, opposite the City Hotel, in this city; or so much thereof, as may be necessary to satisfy Daul. Call, Esq. acting Executor of Robt. Means, decd. the several sums of money now due, and unpaid under the said deed.
MR. LE TELLIER, DENTIST—In the house adjoining Mr. Edmund Randolph's branches of his profession, i. e. cleansing and restoring the teeth to their natural elegance, by removing that corrosive substance called tartar, which adheres to them in the form of a black or yellow crust, which is the cause of many teeth decaying, an offensive breath, and the corroder of the gums and sockets. He sets artificial ones so as to stand firm, being useful as well as ornamental, plugs the decayed cavities of such as can be preserved, and extracts such as are too far gone to be saved, in which operation he makes use of BAILEY'S PATENT EXTRACTING INSTRUMENTS, which takes the teeth out without any possibility of fracturing the jaw or bruising the gums, and with much less pain than the instruments that are in general use; for which operation his price is one dollar, when done at his own house.
A FEW boxes of 18 by 12 Window GLASS, of the first quality for sale—Enquire at this Office.
A FEW boxes of 18 by 12 Window GLASS, of the first quality for sale—Enquire at this Office.