The Virginia gazette (Williamsburg [Va.]), 1774-11-24 00:00:00

VIRGINIA GAZETTE.
With the freest ADVICES,
FOREIGN and DOMESTICK.
IN CIVITATE LIBERA LINGUAM MENTEMQUE
LIBERAS ESSE DEBERE. Suet. in Tib. S. 28.
Printed by ALEX. PURDIE, and JOHN DIXON, at the POST OFFICE.
On P R I D E.
THE most general Complaint in the Universe is against Pride, which surprises me very much that it is not entirely banished out of Society; nor can I otherwise account for it than that it is a Part of most Peoples Natures, and lies concealed from the Possessor, though commonly visible enough to every One else. The Reverend Mr. Collier, in an Essay on this Subject, defines Pride to be the having too high an Opinion of our own Excellence." Now that most, if not all People, entertain very flattering Opinions of themselves, is, I believe, beyond all Doubt; but that they can do so with Propriety is what I much question. I am rather inclined to the contrary, and that if every Person would examine himself impartially he would find no just Grounds to be otherwise than modest and humble, and very dubious of his own Perfections. It must be a mortifying Reflection to those who place so much Confidence in worldly Enjoyments that this Life will not last for ever, and that it will not be very evident.
I have often made a Remark (which strict Observation has convinced me is just) that Pride and Ignorance are generally inseparable, and that the superior Part of Mankind are much freer from them than People in inferior Situations. I am not unacquainted with any one Station in Life, and therefore write more from Experience than Suggestion; and as I apprehend the same Remark has been made by many besides myself, I shall confine my Strictures on this Subject chiefly to the middle and lower Classes, as conceiving them the most culpable.
It is a Fact well known, that Borough and Corporate Towns are principally inhabited by a Set of Men whose Delight and Study is to oppose one another; and of Women who endeavour to excel in Dress and what they call Politeness, and who take a Pride in traducing their absent Neighbours. Political Animosities are plenty enough in most Places, but particularly so in these; where, joined with Ignorance and Pride, they almost pervert the Order of Nature, and extirpate every Symptom of Honour and Virtue. The Right Worshipful the Mayors, Aldermen, and Common Council, as being the most important, are seldom without a quantum sufficit of Pride, which they let fly upon all Occasions, giving themselves Airs of great Consequence, and becoming very imperious over those whom they fancy their Inferiors. Nor is the Alteration observable in them alone, but also in their Spouses. Mrs. Mayors (the Wife of the Worshipful Titus Skallow, Blacksmith, Mayor, and Squire) becomes a fine Lady. Her Head is metamorphosed into a Pyramid of Wool, Flower, and Graft, and all the rest of her delicate Frame made showy as a Peacock. The Aldermen Ladies follow her Example, and give themselves vain and conceited Airs, which make them Laughing-stocks and Objects of Ridicule to every One who bestows the least Attention upon them. It often happens that these female transcendent Beings form one Party, and their envious Neighbours another; and as all their Enmity is occasioned by their Pride, so when they chance to come together they seldom fail to entertain each other very plentifully with Scorn and Contempt.
Another Set of insignificant proud Gentry are the inferior Set of Parsons and Apothecaries. The first, whose Vanity makes him believe himself a very profound Scholar, and extremely clever, conceives that Pride is the most proper Gild to make them portable, and therefore adds to a pedantic Air a stark awkward Address, insolent haughty Gait, and most supercilious arrogant Behaviour. The other imagines himself superior to his Neighbours because he can utter a Parcel of Phrases and Jargon which few are able to comprehend, and which many illiterate Persons suppose to be very learned, and accordingly pronounce the unintelligible Apothecary a "bloody fine Scholar."
The Moment a Numskull of a Shopkeeper, whose Brains would not weigh two Drams, becomes possessed of a little Money, he bids adieu to Humility, and apprehends he is a consummate wife Fellow, and a complete Gentleman. He forgets what he has been, and only thinks on what he is and what he may be; that he is now a Gentleman, Cobler, and Common Councilman, and that by and by he may be a Mayor, a Squire, and a Justice. He sets up his one-Horse Chaise, smokes a Pipe and drinks a Pint every Night extraordinary, and sincerely believes he is quite the Man of Fashion, Pleasure, and Understanding. Deluded Fool! thy Attempt to appear fashionable only exposes thy Ignorance! Thou makest thyself a precious Blockhead by trying to become a Man of Pleasure, and thy Understanding presents itself in its natural shallow State to every Observer. Modesty is shocked at thy Appearance! Humility reflects on thee with Pity and Contempt; and thou canst only regain their Favour by reverting thy Behaviour, and laying aside thy Affection!
I could be much more particular on this Subject, but shall only farther say, generally, that Pride is exceedingly incompatible with the Christian Religion, which instructs us in Humility; and directly contrary to Learning, as the more a Man knows the more he discovers his Ignorance, and finds Occasion for Modesty. It is the Ruin of Society, because no Harmony can subsist where there is a continual Opposition, which is always the Case amongst the Proud. It is highly detrimental to Friendship, as that requires generous Sentiments and great Sincerity, neither of which have any Connection with Pride. And lastly, it inclines us to set a higher Value on this Life than we ought; and, which most intimately concerns us, it makes us think lightly of a FUTURE STATE!
POLITICAL HISTORY of EUROPE.
THE Turks and Russians, after having sacrificed near 60,000 of their Subjects in each Campaign, have at last signed a Peace, without any very material Advantage to the victorious Party. Let us not imagine that the Motives of Royal Humanity have, in any Degree, contributed to this Measure. Ambitious Sovereigns pay no greater Regard to the Lives of their Subjects than they do to the Horses which drag their military Baggage from Post to Post. If we dive below the Surface, and penetrate the Views of these divine Governors of the World, we shall be led to conjecture many Things; among which the following are not, perhaps, very far distant from the Truth.
The Prussian Eagle has long cast a jealous Eye on the Power of the Russians, the recent Smart of whose Rod he has not yet forgotten. He has, for some Time past, beheld, with a secret Pleasure, that Empire exhausting its military Strength in a Contest in which he artfully evaded engaging as a Party. He seems to have considered it as much more to his Advantage to make himself Master of the most fruitful Parts of Poland than to engage in an uncertain War, from which no Profits could be reaped. It is probable that the Russian Empress began, at last, to see into the Views of that enterprising Monarch, and was therefore desirous of concluding a Treaty; as soon possible, with the Turks.
Let us take a Step farther, and suppose that the Grand Turk, who at his Accession to the Imperial Dignity made such a Parade of his military Preparations, after such repeated Checks given to his Ambition, was no Ways averse to accept of those moderate Terms offered him by a successful but wearied Conqueror. The Ottoman Forces will probably never make any great Figure in the Field against the Russians, unless the Manners of those two Empires should materially change. At present, the Turks are luxurious and enervated, and easily discouraged by Misfortunes. The Russians are born and bred in a Climate which by its Severity makes the Fatigues of a Campaign, under a milder Meridian, in some Measure an agreeable Change. Inured to Hardships, accustomed to a scanty Fare, and utter Strangers to modern Refinements, they know nothing but what they are taught by their Commanders; which consists only in Obedience to military Discipline, and at every Opportunity to purchase Glory at the
Hazard of their Lives. Hence it is that no Dangers deter them, no Misfortunes dismay them, and that their only Pursuit is Death or Victory.
The Empress of Russia, however, amidst all her Successes against the Turks, seems to have had more than one private View in the late Accommodation of Matters. A dangerous Rebellion in her own Territories, and perhaps some Jealousies of a Conspiracy forming against her in the very Centre of her Capital, may have induced her to hasten the Period in which she could safely recall her Troops from so distant a Quarter.
The King of Prussia's Claim to the City of Danzick seems founded on no other Principle than that of Royal Assurance; which, when supported by powerful Armies, must always appear reasonable to the weaker Party. It is said that he intends to purchase the pretended Claim upon the City of Hamburg of Count Schomberg; and it is certain he has claimed a Debt, amounting to an immense Sum, of the States of Holland, which Debt their High Mightinesses assert was discharged above seventy Years ago. It is impossible to say where these alarming Claims of this northern Ravager will stop.
The Emperor of Germany is at Peace with all the World, unless his assisting his Mother, the Empress Queen, to rob the King of Poland of his Dominions, may be termed a Declaration of War against that unhappy Prince; and yet this young Sprig of the House of Austria maintains several vast Armies, who are continually marching on the Borders of his Dominions, as if ready for Action. His Imperial Majesty himself is either constantly at the Head of one of his Armies, or travelling from one to the other of them; he endures all the Fatigues of a common Soldier, and never makes any Meal but at Night, when he partakes of any Fare, though never so coarse, and such as the Place he stops at will afford. In short, he seems determined, like Charles of Sweden, to acquire an Iron Constitution, by continual Fatigue and Abstinence. If the Good of Mankind in general, and the Peace and Welfare of his own Subjects, were the Reasons of all this uncommon Application, of all this Ardour of military Establishment, the Emperor would be justly admired as another Titus; but, alas! he that maintains immense Forces must pay them by the Sweat, Labour, and Industry, of his impoverished Subjects. Millions of People must be Half Starved to feed and clothe an Army of 300,000 Men. O pernicious Thirst of Glory, that entails Misery upon a whole Nation!
It will require some Time to judge properly of his Most Christian Majesty. He is just come to a Throne which has long been surrounded by the Party Cabals and Intrigues of interested Men, who strain every political Nerve to obtain the Confidence of their Prince, and then lead him as they please. All the publick Papers pass great Encomiums on his Majesty, and represent him as a Prince born only for the Happiness of his Subjects. The Beginning of a Reign is often very different from the succeeding Periods. In the former, nothing is talked of but the Peace, Prosperity, and Happiness of the Subject; in the latter, Obedience to the Will of the Prince, and passive Submission to the Mandates of his Ministers.
The King of Sweden, with a View to encourage the Manufacture of his own Country, has laid heavy Duties on the Importation of Woollen Cloths, Watches, and many other Articles; the Profits from which Duties are to be appropriated in giving Premiums to the Manufacturers of the same Articles in Sweden. The King of Denmark has followed his Example, and has forbidden the Importation of foreign Woollen Cloths into any Part of his Dominions, the Manufactures in that Kingdom being now sufficient to supply them.
Let Englishmen here stop for a Moment, and reflect on the present alarming Situation of that capital Branch of their Commerce, their Woollen Manufactures. Not only foreign Powers have resolved to discourage the wearing of English Cloths, but even the Scotch themselves, who are so closely united with England as to make their Interests reciprocal, have formed an Association to wear none of those Cloths which shall be manufactured on the south Side of the Tweed; to say Nothing of what is now in America.—Signs following Signs lead on the mighty Year!
The Fate of the Corsicans seems now to be finally determined. The Rebels, as they are called, are totally defeated, a few of them only having been able to escape to the Mountains, to linger out the Remainder of a wretched Life, which can be prolonged only by the spontaneous Production of an uncultivated Soil. The French, like true Politicians, seem to be convinced that the only Means of gaining an easy Settlement on a conquered Island, to which they are sensible they can have no just Title, is to get rid of the old and unruly Natives, by breaking them alive on the Wheel, putting them to the Sword, or despatching them by any other Means which Royal Humanity may suggest. Corsica, so long renowned for wasting over every Part of her Island, to the utmost Extremity of her Shores, the salubrious Air of Freedom, must from henceforth be considered only as the Den of Gallick Slavery!
On the IMPORTANCE and UTILITY of the BRITISH COLONIES. From Dr. Campbell's Political Survey of Britain.
IN our Days, the Value, Utility, and Importance of the Colonies, in Respect to this Island, have been, by the Evidence of Facts, put beyond all Dispute. The British Inhabitants in them draw some of the Necessaries, and many of the Conveniences of Life, from thence. The supplying them with these is a new and very great Source of Industry, which, by affording Employment to Multitudes, cannot but have an Effect in augmenting the Numbers as well as contributing to the Ease and Happiness of our People at Home. The having a certain, constant, regular, and increasing Market for our Commodities and Manufactures, hath had a very visible Effect on almost every Branch of our domestic Trade. Besides, as the Correspondence between us and our Countrymen in these remote Parts is carried on by Sea, this extends our Navigation, and hath added amazingly to the Number of our Shipping, which is another Article very advantageous and profitable to the Inhabitants of Britain. At the same Time, by raising and subsisting Numbers of hardy and experienced Seamen, it evidently contributes to the Support of our naval Power.
It must give no small Pleasure to a curious and judicious Inquirer to reflect upon and investigate these Points, in Order to satisfy his own Mind as to the Manner in which they are brought about. It is from hence that our Planters in general, their Servants and Slaves, are supplied with Apparel of all Kinds, with most Sorts of Furniture, with a vast Variety of Tools and Instruments for their several Occupations, which of Course gives Business and Bread to our Artificers and Manufacturers. The directing and collecting of these employ Merchants, Factors, and their Servants. All the Trades which are connected with building, rigging, and supplying Materials of every Kind for Ships, a fitting out Seamen, are indebted to the same Causes for their Subsistence. The Freight also, both out and at home, is a Matter of great Consequence; amounting often to as much, and sometimes more, than the Value of the Goods. The Provisions, and other Necessaries, consumed by the Seamen in these long Voyages, with many more Articles which would be tedious to enumerate, concur to promote and to reward almost every Species of Industry exercised amongst us. All this arises chiefly from the Difference of Soil and Climate, and from the Remoteness of our Plantations. And that these are not fallacious Suggestions, or plausible Conjectures, the Rise of our Customs, the Improvement of our Lands, the Number of our Ships, and the gradual Increase of our Fleets, are Testimonies that leave us not a Shadow of Doubt; but, on the contrary, demonstrate clearly that this Representation is, in all Respects, founded on Truth.
These, though signal and shining Advantages, as plainly conducting to the increasing our Riches and Strength, are far, very far, from being all the Benefits that have resulted, and continue to result, from our Settlements. By the Returns they make us for Goods of every Kind that we send them, we are enabled, after furnishing our Home Consumption, to manufacture and export immense Quantities of their Produce to other Countries; which is a farther Addition to our Commerce, and swells not a little the Profit that arises from it. We likewise receive from them many Things which we formerly purchased from other Nations at their own Price, and which were frequently brought to us in their own Bottoms; neither, in some Cases, were these the greatest Inconveniences. Their inexhaustible Fisheries are also pregnant with innumerable Benefits. The Number of our Subjects in these Parts has been, and may be, increased without Danger, by permitting foreign Protestants to settle in them; from whose Skill and Labour new Improvements may, with great Probability, be expected to arise. What considerably advances the Value of these, and many more Advantages that might be enumerated, is, that they are not only solid and permanent, but belong exclusively to Great Britain; and of which, while we retain our Freedom and naval Power, we never can be deprived.
Amongst many other Articles that are the Produce of our Colonies, and sent from thence into other Parts of the World, are Tobacco, Sugar, Rice, Cotton, &c. to a very great Value, which, being the Return of our own Goods and Manufactures, are clear Gain to this Nation; and to this, as most of them are exported in our own Bottoms, we are to add the Freight likewise, which is very considerable. Most of these Goods, before we had Plantations of our own, we bought from Foreigners at very high Prices; as, for Instance, Brasil Sugar at 71. and 81. by the Hundred, Tobacco from 4s. to 8s. a Pound. Indigo, of which we now receive much, and are like to receive much more, from our own Colonies, we still purchase from the French and Spaniards to a large Amount. What may serve to set this Point in a stronger Light is the Case of Pitch and Tar, which we formerly bought from the Swedes at what Price they pleased to set upon it; and, even at this high Rate, they insisted on sending it in their own Ships. At the Beginning of Queen Anne's War, we found ourselves in so precarious a State with Respect to these Commodities, so necessary for our Navy, that Dr. Robinson, afterwards Bishop of London, then our Minister at the Court of Sweden, recommended the procuring them from our Colonies upon any Terms. This produced a Bounty for the obtaining them, and that soon brought them, not only at a third Part of what we had paid for them to Sweden, but also in such Quantities as enables us to export them to the Straits, Spain, Portugal, Holland, Bremen, and Hamburg. Upon the same Principle, we have since, by the same Means, obtained great Quantities of Iron; and, in Time, are likely to draw all our naval Stores from our own Settlements.
From this Sketch of the Emoluments flowing from our Plantations, it is incontestably evident that they have contributed greatly to increase our Industry, and of Course our Riches; to extend the Commerce, to augment the naval Power, and consequently to maintain the Grandeur, and Support the Prosperity, of the Mother Country.
A noble Instance of GENEROSITY.
IN the War carried on by Louis XII. of France against the Venetians, the Town of Brescia, being taken by Storm, and abandoned to the Soldiers, suffered, for seven Days, all the Distresses of Cruelty and Avarice. No House escaped, but that where the Chevalier Bayard was lodged. At his Entrance, the Mistress, a Woman of Figure, fell at his Feet, and deeply sobbing, cried, "Oh! my Lord, save my Life; save the Honour of my Daughters." Take Courage, Madam (said the Chevalier) your Life and their Honour shall be secure while I have Life! The two young Ladies, brought from their Hiding-place, were presented to him; and the Family, thus reunited, bestowed their whole Attention on their Deliverer. A dangerous Wound he had received gave them Opportunity to express their Zeal. They employed a notable Surgeon, they attended him by Turn Day and Night, and when he could bear to be amused they entertained him with Concerts of Musick. Upon the Day fixed for his Departure, the Mother said to him, "To your Goodness, my Lord, we owe our Life, and to you all that we have belongs by Right of War; but we hope, from your signal Benevolence, that this slight Tribute will be content you," placing upon the Table an Iron Coffer full of Money. "What is the Sum?" said the Chevalier. "My Lord (answered she, trembling) no more than 2500 Ducats, all that we have; but, if more be necessary, we will try our Friends." "Madam (said he) I never shall forget your Kindness, more precious, in my Eyes, than 100,000 Ducats. Take back your Money, and depend always on me." "My good Lord, you kill me to refuse this small Sum; take it, only as a Mark of your Friendship to my Family." "Well (said he) since it will oblige you, I take the Money; but give me the Satisfaction of bidding adieu to your amiable Daughters." They came to him, with Looks of Regard and Affection. "Ladies (said he) the Impression you have made on my Heart will never wear out. What Return to make I know not, for Men of my Profession are seldom opulent; but here are 2500 Ducats, of which the Generosity of your Mother has given me the Disposal. Accept them as a Marriage Present, and may your Happiness in Marriage equal your Merit." Flower of Chivalry (cried the Mother) may the God who suffered Death for us reward you here and hereafter."
The Pleasure I received from the above noble Example of Generosity and Disinterestedness impelled me to enclose it for the Use of your valuable Paper. Its Authenticity is indubitable, and I flatter myself the Generosity of your Readers will be as much pleased with it as your humble Servant, BENEVOLUS.
From Lord KAMES'S SKETCHES of the NATURAL HISTORY of MAN.
BETWEEN the Mother Country and her Colonies the following Rule ought to be sacred, that with Respect to Commodities wanted each of them should prefer the other before all other Nations. Britain should take from her Colonies whatever they can furnish for her Use, and they should take from Britain whatever she can furnish for their Use. In a Word, every Thing regarding Commerce ought to be reciprocal and equal between them. To bar a Colony from Access to the Fountain Head for Commodities that cannot be furnished by the Mother Country, but at second-hand, is Oppression; it is so far degrading the Colonists from being free Subjects to be Slaves. What Right, for Example, has Britain to prohibit her Colonies from purchasing Tea or Porcelain at Canton, if they can procure it cheaper there than in London? No Connection between two Nations can be so intimate as to make such Restraint an Act of Justice. Our Legislature has however acted like a Stepmother to her American Colonies, by prohibiting them to have any Commerce but with Britain only. They must first land in Britain all their Commodities, even what are not intended to be sold there; and they must take from Britain not only its own Product, but every foreign Commodity that is wanted. This Regulation is not only unjust, but impolitic; as by it the Interest of the Colonies is sacrificed to that of a few London Merchants. Our Legislature have, at last, so far opened their Eyes as to give a partial Relief. Some Articles are permitted to be carried directly to the Place of Destination, without being first entered in Britain; Wheat for Example, Rice, &c.

NEW YORK, November 10.
ON Monday last, a Discovery being made that eighteen Sheep were in a Sloop in the Harbour, bound for the West Indies, a Number of Citizens waited on the Captain, and informed him that the Exportation of Sheep was contrary to a Resolution of the Continental Congress, and thereupon obtained his Promise that they should be reloaded, and not carried out of the Harbour. The Sheep were satisfied, and patiently waited till the Evening; when a Report prevailing that the Vessel was to sail that Night, about 200 Inhabitants assembled on the Wharf, who appointed and sent four Persons to wait on the Committee of Correspondence, and request their Advice concerning the Measures proper to be taken. By their Advice, the Merchant to whom the Vessel came consigned was sent for, and desired to cause the Sheep to be landed and delivered to one of the Committee appointed on this Occasion by the People; which Person gave his Promise to return the Sheep, as soon as the Vessel had sailed. Accordingly the Sheep were landed, delivered, and soon after the Vessel was failed returned to the Proprietor; on which, the People being well satisfied, peaceably dispersed.
Accounts, from many different Quarters, assure us that the Spaniards have sent a large Fleet of capital Ships, Frigates, &c. with 12,000 Land Forces, which are to rendezvous at the Havannah before they open their Commission. The most probable Conjecture is, that they are intended against some of the British Dominions in America, and that it is expected France will either join them or make a Diverfion in some other Part. Extract of a Letter, dated the 9th of October 1774, from a Gentleman in Montreal, to his Friend in New York.
"I must beg Leave to trouble you to get the enclosed printed in Mr. Holt's Paper, as soon as possible, and send me an Account of the Charge, which shall be paid, together with the Postage of this Letter. The Paper contains the Resolves of all the English Inhabitants of Montreal, at a full Meeting, where they shewed their Abhorrence of the Quebec Act which establishes the French Laws in this Province, and puts the Lives and Properties of every Person in it in the Power of the Governor; who, when the Act takes Place, will have a much greater Power than a Spanish Viceroy. The Canadians in general are greatly alarmed at being put under their former Laws, of which they had long severely felt the bad Effects; though the French Noblesse and Gentry, indeed, are very well pleased with the new Act, which restores the old, as they expect to lord it over the industrious Farmer and Trader, and live upon their Spoils, as they did before the Conquest. These latter, though greatly dissatisfied and alarmed at this Act, dare not complain, for Fear of the Displeasure of their Priests, who rule and govern this whole Country as they please. However, all the English in the Province (except a few Tools and Dependents of the Governor) are unanimous, and determine to struggle hard to obtain a Repeal of this abominable Act; which, if continued, would greatly hurt the Trade of New York, and the other Colonies joining on us. It has been said, that some Canadian Regiments would be raised and sent against you, but depend on it none will go willingly, except their Officers; and for the others, it will require a Regiment of Soldiers, to a Regiment of Canadians, to oblige them to go. Besides, they cannot, without ruining the Country, spare 2000 Men out of it."
"You may acquaint the Printer with all the foregoing Particulars, that he may be able to undeceive the Publick, and contradict what has been said respecting this Matter in Mr. Gaine's Paper, &c."
A General Meeting of the English Inhabitants of the Town of Montreal, to consult on the most proper and best Method to represent to his Majesty, and the Parliament, a true State of this Province, by acquainting them of the Share we have of the Trade, the landed Property we possess, the miserable State we found this Province in, and the flourishing State we have brought it to; the Recompence we are to receive by a late Act of Parliament is, to be deprived of those valuable Parts of our Constitution, the Trial by Jury, and the Habeas Corpus Act, and subjected to Laws made by a legislative Council, composed of People entirely dependent on the Governor, and agreeable to the despotick Laws of France; and that if such an Act takes Place, as we shall have no Security for our Property nor Religion (the Roman Catholick Religion being, by said Act, the established Religion of the Country) we must be reduced to the unhappy Necessity of living as Slaves, or abandoning the Country, and a great Part of our Property, and the Province must return to its former miserable Situation. There was the greatest Unanimity amongst the English, when the following Gentlemen, viz. Thomas Walker Esq; Isaac Todd, Esq; Mr. James Price, Mr. John Blake, Mr. Alexander Patterson, Mr. John Porteous, were chosen a Committee to repair to Quebec, to act in Conjunction with the English there on this alarming Occasion. They likewise entered into a very generous Subscription for the Expense that might attend their obtaining Relief."
Last Friday Hugh Finlay, Esq; joint Postmaster General for North America, arrived here from Quebec, by Way of Boston. He found the Roads from Quebec much better than he expected, and the Distance between the two Governments about 160 Miles.
At a late Meeting of the Distillers of this City, in Support of the Proceedings of the Continental Congress, they unanimously resolved to distil no Molasses or Syrups that may hereafter be imported from any of the British West India Islands, or from Dominica, nor to sell any Rum, or other Spirits, for the Purpose of carrying on the Slave Trade, or that they shall have Reason to apprehend is intended to be so applied.
A considerable Sum is subscribed in this City for the Relief of Boston, and we hear that in most Parts of the Province they intend to follow the laudable Example.
The Boston Papers, of the 3d Instant, contain a very spirited and sensible Message of the Provincial Congress to General Gage, wherein his Answer to their former Address, is highly exposed to Contempt and Odium.
PHILADELPHIA, November 14.
WE are informed, that a few Days ago Jesse Hand, Esq; of Cape May, came to this City, with a genteel Sum of Money, generously subscribed by the People of that Place, to be laid out for the Use of the suffering Poor of Boston.
POLITICAL OBSERVATIONS, addressed to the People of America. THE AMERICAN CONGRESS derives all its Power, Wisdom, and Justice, not from Scrowls of Parchment signed by Kings, but from the PEOPLE. A more august, and a more equitable legislative Body, never existed in any Quarter of the Globe. It is founded upon the Principles of the most perfect Liberty. A Freeman, in honouring and obeying the Congress, honours and obeys himself. The Man who refuses to do both is a Slave; he knows nothing of the Dignity of his Nature; he cannot govern himself. Expose him for Sale at publick Vendue; send him to plant Sugar with his Fellow Slaves in Jamaica. Let not the Air of America be contaminated with his Breath.
The Congress, like other legislative Bodies, have annexed Penalties to their Laws. They do not consist of the Gallows, the Rack, and the Stake; these Punishments belong to vindictive States, and are proper only for corrupted People. They have held out no Punishment but INFAMY, a Species of Infamy which sounds more dreadful to a Freeman than the Gallows, the Rack, or the Stake. It is this: He shall be declared, in the publick Papers, to be an ENEMY to his COUNTRY.
The Wisdom and Revenge of Man have been exhausted to find out a suitable Punishment for Treason, or for those Crimes which affect the Liberty and Happiness of the People. The least Deviation from the Resolves of the Congress will be Treason, such Treason as few Villains have ever had an Opportunity of committing. It will be Treason against the present Inhabitants of the Colonies, against the Millions of unborn Generations who are to exist hereafter in America, against the only Liberty and Happiness which remains to Mankind, against the last Hopes of the Wretched in every Corner of the World; in a Word, it will be Treason against God. It will be to take from him (with Reverence be it spoken) the Power of making his Creatures happy. I do not attempt to hint at a Punishment for such extensive and complicated Guilt. Infamy is a Punishment of the Soul; it can only affect a Freeman. The Body of the Wretch who is capable of violating the Resolves of the Congress is the only Part of him which can be punished. But here all Ingenuity fails us. The Tortures of Damien and Ravaillac would be rendered abortive for this Purpose, by the longest possible Duration of human Life.
There is a strange Veneration for Antiquity, and Disinclination for Innovations in all civil as well as religious Bodies. We are now laying the Foundations of an American Constitution. Let us therefore hold up every Thing we do to the Eye of Posterity. They will probably measure their Liberties and Happiness by the most careless of our Footsteps. Let no unhallowed Hand touch the precious Seed of Liberty. Let us form the glorious Tree in such a Manner, and impregnate it with such Principles of Life, that it shall last for ever. Greece, Rome, and Britain, would still have been free, had not the Principles of Corruption been concealed in the Elements of their Constitutions. Let us not avail ourselves of the just Spirit of the Times, but lay up Posterity to be Freemen. Our Congress were actuated with this prophetic Benevolence when they dissolved themselves, and recommended a new Choice of Delegates in the Spring.
WILLIAMSBURG, November 24.
SINCE our last we have no Advices from the Army, nor has the Governor yet arrived, although we were led to believe he would be in Town the Beginning of this Week.
Marriages. THACKER BURWELL, Esq; of Kingsmill, to Miss MOLLY ARMISTEAD, of New Kent.
JOHN WALLER, Esq; Clerk of Spottsylvania, to Miss JUDITH PAGE, of Hanover.
Mr. JOHN KING, Merchant, of Hampton, to Miss NANCY STARKE, a very agreeable young Lady.
YORK TOWN, November 7, 1774.
THE Inhabitants of York having been informed that the Virginia, commanded by Howard Esten, had on Board two Half Casks of Tea, shipped by John Norton, Esq; and Sons, Merchants in London, by Order of Messrs. Prentis and Company, Merchants in Williamsburg, assembled at 10 o'Clock this Morning, and went on Board the said Ship, where they waited some Time for the Determination of the Meeting of several Members of the House of Burgesses in Williamsburg, who had taken this Matter under Consideration. A Messenger was then sent on Shore, to inquire for a Letter from the Meeting; but returning without one, they immediately hoisted the Tea out of the Hold and threw it into the River, and then returned to the Shore without doing Damage to the Ship or any other Part of her Cargo. On the Wednesday following the County Committee met, to consider of this Matter; and, after mature Deliberation, came to the following Resolutions:
Resolved, that we do highly approve of the Conduct of the Inhabitants of York, in destroying the Tea on Board the Virginia.
Resolved, that Messrs. Prentis and Company have incurred the Displeasure of their Countrymen, by not countermarching their Orders for the Tea, having had frequent Opportunities to have done so; and that they ought to make proper Concessions for such Misconduct, or be made to feel the Resentment of the Publick.
Resolved, that John Norton, Esq; of London, must have known the Determination of this Colony with Respect to Tea, as the Ship Virginia did not fail from hence till after the late Assembly was dissolved, and the Members of that Assembly, in Behalf of the Colony, immediately upon their Disolution, entered into a solemn Association against that Article.
Resolved therefore, to convince our Enemies that we never will submit to any Measure that may in the least endanger our Liberties, which we are determined to defend at the Risk of our Lives, that the Ship Virginia ought to clear out from hence in Ballast, in eighteen Days from this Time.
Resolved, that Howard Esten, Commander of the Ship Virginia, acted imprudently in not remonstrating in stronger Terms against the Tea being put on Board the Ship, as he well knew it would be disagreeable to the Inhabitants of this Colony.
We submit to our Countrymen whether every Ship, circumstanced as the Virginia is, ought not to share the same Fate.
Signed by Order of the Committee. WILLIAM RUSSELL, Clerk.
GLOUCESTER COUNTY, November 7, 1774.
FROM certain Information that the Virginia, Captain Howard Esten, was arrived in York River with a Quantity of Tea on Board, twenty three Members of the Committee of Gloucester County, with a Number of the other Inhabitants, assembled at Gloucester Town, to determine how the said Tea should be disposed of.
Hearing that the Members of the House of Burgesses in Williamsburg, at 8 o'Clock this Morning, had taken the Matter under their Consideration, we determined to wait the Result of their Deliberations. We accordingly waited till after twelve; but the Determinations from Williamsburg having not then come down, we repaired to the Ship, in Order to meet the Committee of York, which we supposed to be in the great Number of those we discerned on Board. On our Arrival, we found the Tea had met with its deserved Fate, for it had been committed to the Waves. We then returned, and after mature Deliberation came to the following Resolutions:
Resolved, that John Norton, Merchant in London, by sending over Tea in his Ship, has lent his little Aid to the Ministry for enslaving America, and been guilty of a daring Insult upon the People of this Colony, to whom he owes his ALL.
Resolved, that the Ship Virginia, in which the detestable Tea came, ought and shall return in twenty Days from the Date hereof.
Resolved, that no Tobacco shall be shipped from this County on Board the said Ship, either to the Owners or any other Person whatsoever; and we do most earnestly recommend it to our Countrymen to enter into the same Resolution, in their respective Counties.
Resolved, that the said Norton has forfeited all Title to the Confidence of this County, and that we will not in future consign Tobacco, or any other Commodity, to his House, until satisfactory Concessions are made; and we recommend the same Resolution to the rest of the Colony.
Resolved, that John Prentis, who wrote for and to whom the Tea was consigned, has justly incurred the Censure of this Country, and that he ought to be made a publick Example of.
Resolved, that Howard Esten, Commander of the Virginia, has acted imprudently, by which he has drawn on himself the Displeasure of the People of this County.
Signed by Order of the Committee. JASPER CLAYTON, Clerk.
WILLIAMSBURG, November 24, 1774.
IT gives me much Concern to find that I have incurred the Displeasure of the York and Gloucester Committees, and thereby of the Publick in general, for my Omission in not countermarching the Order which I sent to Mr. Norton for two Half Casks of Tea; and do with Truth declare, that I had not the least Intention to give Offence, nor did I mean an Opposition to any Measure for the publick Good. My Countrymen, therefore, it is earnestly hoped, will readily forgive me for an Act which may be interpreted to much to my Discredit; and I again make this publick Declaration, that I had not the least Design to act contrary to those Principles which ought to govern every Individual who has a just Regard for the Rights and Liberties of America.
JOHN PRENTIS.
To Mr. D. C.
WILLIAMSBURG, November 8, 1774.
SIR, RETURN you Thanks for the Notice you have taken of me in your Piece, which relates to the Manner of making White Salt in Normandy; and as it is my Design to interest myself fully in making of Salt for this Colony, I am much obliged to you for the Information you have tendered me, though I am afraid it is not calculated to assist me in making any Improvements on the Method I intend to prosecute.
I am apt to imagine, indeed, that it would be impracticable to adopt the Norman Method in Virginia, as I do not think that the Sand on our Shores is adapted for that particular Purpose to which that in Normandy is applied to. But admitting this not to be the Case, I am convinced that the Expense attending the Process prescribed by the Norman Method would render it necessary to affix a higher Price to the Salt than what I can sell it for, by pursuing the Method I have chosen.
It is a Pity that the Original is not more explicit, in informing us how they procure a sufficient Quantity of Water to filter through the Straw and supply their Boilers. One of mine will hold at least 2000 Gallons, which two Men can fill from a Pond, by Means of a Pump, in Half an Hour. Notwithstanding this easy Method of having my Boilers supplied, I cannot afford to go to any farther Expense, from the low Price of Salt.
Your most obedient Servant, J. TAIT.
It is requested of the Gentlemen into whose Hands sundry Accounts of ours were put to collect, that they would immediately return them, with an exact List of such as have made Payment. PURDIE & DIXON.
** The Letter addressed to Mr. MICHAEL HACKETT, being of too personal a Nature, cannot have Admittance into this Gazette; and as the Difference between the Author and that Gentleman took its Rise in another Paper, we would recommend the same Vehicle to him to finish the Dispute.
Advertisements.
In the Press, and speedily will be published, THE VIRGINIA ALMANACK For the Year of our LORD GOD 1775.
THE DISTILLERY at Alexandria in Virginia, with other Improvements, to be LET for a Term of Years.
Inquire of Mr. William Holt at Williamsburg, William Davies, Esq; at Norfolk, Mr. George Gilpin, or Messrs. Harper & Harbison, at Alexandria, Mr. John Cornibwait, at Baltimore, or of Daniel Roberteau, Esq; at Philadelphia. The Distillery and Improvements consist of a Distillery built of Stone, 71 Feet by 39; a Stone Store 50 by 50, with Granaries, in two Stories above the Ground Floor, and a Sail or Rigging Loft above, the whole Length of the Building; a Molasses Store, framed, that will contain 140 Hogheads; and a framed Cooper's Shop 16 by 23, with a suitable Chimney. The Distillery is furnished with two new Still about the same Size, that will hold to work 2500 Gallons; and the Working Cisterns, twenty in Number, will contain the same Quantity each. It is also furnished with a third Still, that contains to work 600 Gallons, for Low Wines. Each of these Stills have suitable Worms and Worm Tubs. There is also a suitable Low Wine Cistern, and five very ample Return Cisterns outside of the House, and under Cover. The Whole, and every Part of the Improvements, are entirely new, executed by Workmen from Philadelphia, and the Distillery under the immediate Eye and Direction of a Gentleman of eminent Capacity in Distillation. The Works are supplied with good cool Water from an ample Spring, by two Pumps with Brass Chambers 6 Inches Diameter; and the Cisterns are charged with two other Pumps, with Chambers of Block Tin of 5 Inches Diameter, through Suction Pipes of yellow Poplar. All these Pumps are worked by a Horse, in an adjoining Mill House of large Diameter, well constructed. There is also a Woodyard, boarded seven Feet, that will contain much more than necessary for the Distillery, into which the Wood may be thrown from the Water. The Whole of these Improvements are situated in Alexandria, below the Bank; the Distillery on fast Ground, and the Cisterns fixed above the highest Tide Waters; the Stores and Yard on a Wharf which, with the publick Wharf adjoining, of 66 Feet, makes an Extent of more than 200 Feet in Width, 156 Feet of which run 300 Feet into Potowmack.
As it does not suit the Owner of these Improvements to remove his Residence from Philadelphia, he will let them at a moderate Rent, with a Contract for 300 Cords of Ash Wood yearly, for five Years, cut into four Feet Lengths, and delivered on the Maryland Shore, directly opposite to the Distillery, and so near the Water as to render any Carriage unnecessary, by the Heirs of Thomas Addison, Esq; deceased, at the Rate of a Dollar per Cord.
Any person inclining to lease the Premises, may be furnished, on a speedy Application, with about 160 Hogheads of good well chosen Molasses, with Indulgence for Payment. Inquire as above. (tf)
NEWCASTLE, November 17, 1774.
THE Partnership between David Cochran and Robert Ferguson being this Day dissolved, the LOTS and HOUSES in this Town, belonging to the said Partnership, are to be disposed of either by private or publick Sale, as may best suit the Purchasers. There will be sold, on the 26th of December, four Negroes, three of which are Watermen, one 36 Hhd. Flat, four Horses, several Hogheads of Rum and Molasses, several Barrels of Coffee, and sundry other Things too tedious to mention. Six Months Credit will be allowed, on Bond with approved Security to the Subscriber. All Persons indebted to the said Partnership are immediately requested to pay, or give Bonds for their respective Balances to DAVID COCHRAN.
To be sold, for ready Money, on Wednesday the 4th of January next, at the Dwelling-House of Robert Briggs, in Brunswick County, two likely NEGROES. They are sold by Virtue of a Deed of Trust from the said Robert Briggs to NICHOLAS EDMUNDS. (2||)
WILLIAMSBURG, November 22, 1774.
I INTEND for England immediately after Christmas next. All Persons who have any Demands against the Subscriber are desired to apply for Payment by that Time. WILLIAM DAWSON. (1||)
SEVERAL likely NEGROES, a Variety of Household and Kitchen Furniture, among which is a small Quantity of fashionable Plate, the Stocks of Cattle, Horses, Sheep, and Hogs, the Crops of Corn, Fodder, &c. belonging to the Estate of Mrs. Augustine Smith, late of Middlesex, deceased, will be sold, to the highest Bidders, the first Monday in January next, at Shooter's Hill, in Middlesex. The Purchasers will have Credit allowed them for all Sums above 5 L. until the 1st of May next, giving Bond with approved Security to JOHN SMITH, Executor. ** I should be obliged to all Persons who have Demands against the Estate to send in their Accounts. JOHN SMITH.
CHESTERFIELD, November 10, 1774.
WHEREAS the Subscriber executed two Bonds of 20 L. each, payable to one David Durham, due on the 25th of December next, and the 25th of December 1775, being Part of the Consideration Money for the Purchase of a Tract of Land in the Counties of Prince Edward and Charlotte; and as the said Durham has not, agreeable to his Contract, conveyed me a Title thereto, I hereby caution and forewarn all Persons from taking an Assignment of said Bonds, as I will not pay them until I have a sufficient and warrantable Title. WILLIAM HANCOCK. (2||)
WHEREAS I gave my Bond, dated in October 1772, and payable the 25th of December 1774, to John Bokuden, Thomas Adams, and his Wife, of Cumberland County, for 62 L. in Consideration of a Tract of Land in Henrico County; and whereas I have paid Part of the Bond, and am threatened to be sued for the Land, in Consequence of an Agreement they made with Captain Julius Allen of Henrico, notwithstanding I believe that Allen hath no Right to the Land, yet I may be put to the Trouble and Expense of a Lawfuit: I therefore give this Notice to the Publick to caution them from taking an Assignment of the said Bond, as I do not intend to pay it until I am farther satisfied I shall not suffer. (||) JOSEPH GATHRIGHT.
WHEREAS I gave my Note of Hand to Joyce Price of Orange for 24 L. Current Money, payable the last Day of June 1774, and since that Time I have fully paid the aforesaid Sum, but have neglected to get the said Note of Hand, I therefore forewarn all Persons from taking an Assignment of the said Note. ARJATON PRICE. (||)
RUN away from Buckland, in Charles City, on the 20th Instant, two Men. One a likely Mulatto about fifty Years old, and about five Feet six Inches high, very artful, and smooth spoken. He is called TOM GARDNER. The other is named JOE; he is of a yellow Complexion, near the same Height as the other, and about eighteen or twenty Years old. They were both clothed in Cotton. Whoever delivers them to me at Westover, or to William Glen at Bucklands shall receive forty Shillings for each. WESTOVER, November 24, 1774. WILLIAM BYRD.
To be SOLD, on Monday the 2d of January next, before the RALEIGH TAVERN, to the highest Bidders,
TEN valuable Virginia born SLAVES, one of them an exceeding good Cook; also a HOUSE and LOT on the back Street, with sundry Outbuildings, and a good Well; being the Estate of Thomas Pennan, deceased, and sold by Virtue of a Power of Attorney from his Heirs in Great Britain, by ROBERT NICOLSON. N. B. Credit will be allowed till the 10th Day of October next, the Purchasers giving Bond and approved Security. (6)
STRAYED from the Subscriber, on Saturday the 19th Instant (November) a BAY MARE with a Blaze Face, about thirteen Hands high, had a Horse Lock and Chain on her fore Foot, and branded on the near Shoulder and Buttock NB in a Piece. I will give two Dollars to any Person who will bring the said Mare to me, in Park Town. (1||) WILLIAM WRIGHT.

WILLIAMSBURG, November 23, 1774. ALL Persons indebted to the Estate of John Pringle , deceased, late Bar Keeper to Mrs. Campbell of this City, are desired to make Payment as soon as possible; and those who have any Demands against the said Estate are requested to bring in their Accounts, properly attested. (2) JOHN LOCKLEY, Administrator.
IF Mr. John Cheek , who lodged and boarded with me about four Months ago, does not come, or send for a Portmanteau, containing some Wearing Apparel, which he left at my House for a Debt, by or before the 13th of December, they will be sold, at publick Sale, to the highest Bidder, to satisfy my said Demand. (2) JOHN LOCKLEY.
To be SOLD for ready Money, on the Premises, on the 16th Day of December, if fair, otherwise next fair Day,
A VERY valuable Tract of Land in Fairfax , being one Half of a Patent for 500 Acres, which adjoins the Dwelling Plantation of Col. John West, in the said County, and contains better than 250 Acres, a great Proportion of which is low Grounds; the chief Part thereof is cleared, and now under a Crop of Wheat well enclosed. None of the high Land is cleared. The Convenience of this Land, from its Situation, is very considerable, the low Grounds being formed by Potomack River, and a small Creek issuing out of the same, and its Distance from the Town of Alexandria being only about two Miles by Water, and four by Land. A Deed to the Purchasers for the said Land will be made by the Executors of Newton Keene, deceased, who has ordered the same by his Will to be sold, and by William Keene, the Heir at Law of the said Newton. The Purchaser must pay for the Wheat sown on the said Land and the Expense of putting the same in the Ground, and may have Possession the 1st of January next. The twenty NEGROES belonging to the Estate of the said Newton Keene, lately advertised to be sold the 20th of January next, will not be then sold. RICHARD LEE, } Executors. DAVID BOYD, }
To be RENTED for a Year, or Term of Years, THE ORDINARY commonly called Rhodes's, where Captain John Lightfoot now lives, about twelve Miles (on the main Road) from Williamsburg to Covington's Ferry, Helm's Forge, and Doncastle's Ordinary. The Situation of this Place exceeds most, provided it was well kept. To such a Person I would let it go at a low Rent, and make all necessary Repairs for the Reception of the best of Company. There are 75 Acres of Land belonging to it, mostly cleared, which produces good Indian Corn, and other Grain. I have a Plantation within Half a Mile of it, which I would suffer Fire Wood to be taken from, to supply the Ordinary. It may be entered upon at Christmas next, and for Terms apply to me in Williamsburg. JOHN LEWIS.
To be SOLD at the late Plantation of John Kerby, deceased, of Charles Parish, on Monday the 19th of December, if fair, otherwise next fair Day,
THE Remainder of his Household and Kitchen Furniture, Stock of Cattle, among which are three Yoke of good Oxen, Horses, Plantation Utensils, Carts, a large Quantity of Indian Corn, Wheat, &c. with many other Articles. On the following Day will be sold, twelve or fourteen likely Virginia born SLAVES, nine of which are Fellows, and a likely Cooper and Weaver among them. Twelve Months Credit will be allowed, giving Bond with good Security; and if the Bonds are not paid in twenty Days after they become due, to carry Interest from their Date. All Persons who have any Demands against the Estate are desired to make them known, whether by Bonds or open Accounts; and if the Decedent is Security for any Person or Persons, the Possessor of the Bonds are desired to make the same known to (||) THOMAS KERBY, Executor.
Five Pounds Reward. RUN away last Night from the Subscriber, in Botetourt, an English Servant Man named WILLIAM THOMSON , by Trade a Bookbinder, about 35 Years of Age, five Feet five or six Inches high, dark Hair, gray Eyes, of a tawny Complexion, and pretty much marked with the Smallpox; had on, when he went away, a new Wool Hat, Virginia Cloth Coat of a Copperas Colour, a Waistcoat filled with red and blue Yarn, Linen Breeches, blue Worsted Stockings, Shoes, and two Pair of Shoe Buckles, one Silver, the other Brass, and he took with him an old smooth Bore Gun. Whoever secures the said Servant in any Jail, so that his Owner may get him again, shall have the above Reward, besides what the Law allows. JAMES ALCORN. ** If he is taken, write to Mr. Patrick Lockhart, Merchant in Botetourt.
PRINCE EDWARD, October 27, 1774. RUN away from the Subscriber, a Convict Servant Man named GEORGE BROWNING , by Trade a Shoemaker, and has his Tools with him. He was born in Bristol, and speaks good English, is about five Feet four Inches high, pitted with the Smallpox, has light Hair and Eyebrows, and is lame in one Knee, which makes him walk with a Stuck; had on, when he went away, an old blue Coat, striped Waistcoat, and spotted Stockings. I suppose he will forge a Pass, as he can write a blotched Hand. Whoever secures the said Servant, and conveys him to me or Charles Price in Henrico, shall have 40s. Reward besides what the Law allows, and 5l. if taken out of the Colony. (||) CHRISTOPHER CURTIS.
MARYLAND, CHARLES COUNTY, November 7, 1774. RUN away from the Subscriber, two indentured Servants, imported by Capt. Joseph Street last September, one named ROBERT MILLS , a Gardener, who is an Irishman, about 22 Years old, a likely fresh coloured Man; had on, and took with him, a Snuff-coloured Cloth Coat and Breeches, a red Jacket, two white Shirts, one Check one, Shoes and Stockings, a Hat, and a Silk Handkerchief. The other a Yorkshireman, named JAMES BELL, a Miner, about 40 Years old; took with him, a dark blue Coat, a brown Jacket, Snuff-coloured Breeches, a Hat, Pair of Shoes, Stockings, and several small Bells. Whoever takes up the said Servants, or either of them, and brings them Home, shall have 3l. for each, besides what the Law allows. (||) SAMUEL HANSON.
STRAYED, or STOLEN, from the Subscriber in York Town, eight Weeks ago, a young BAY MARE about 1 3/4 Hands high, and branded pretty high upon one of her Buttocks with a Cross. Whoever brings me the said Mare shall have 20s. Reward. HUGH NELSON.
STRAYED, or STOLEN, from the Subscriber, at William & Mary College, on the 5th Instant (November) a BAY HORSE and MARE, each of them near fourteen Hands high, with hanging Manes and Tails. The Horse is somewhat chafed with Harnes across the Breast, a Star in his Forehead, shod before, and his Hoofs much impaired by a Founder, which occasioned him to limp a little in his Gait; and his Brand, if any, is not recollected. The Mare is remarkably Pot-bellied, which is increased at present by being with Foal, is sluggish in her Gait, and bends much on her Pasterns. I am not certain whether she has a Brand; if any, I believe it is R.I. Whoever brings them to me at the College, or gives me such Information that I may procure them again, shall have 10s. for his Trouble. JAMES INNES.
DUMFRIES, November 8, 1774. AT a Meeting of the JOCKEY CLUB this Day, resolved, that, in conformity to the 8th Article of the Rules of the GENERAL CONGRESS, the Dumfries Races, that were advertised to be run the 29th of this Month, be postponed. The Gentlemen Farmers that are fattening Beeves, Muttons, and Veals, for our Premiums, must, for the present, put up with Honour and Glory in Place of the Guineas that were intended for them. RICHARD GRAHAM, Secretary.
FREDERIKSBURG, November 15, 1774. THE Creditors of Anthony M c Kittrick and Co. are again requested to make their Claims known to the Trustees, as those who do not before the 1st Day of January next will be excluded from their Share of a Dividend to be then made. FIELDING LEWIS. CHARLES YATES. HENRY MITCHELL. (||)
Wanted immediately, A BISCUIT BAKER , to whom good Encouragement will be given. For Terms, inquire of the Printer.
ON the 12th of June 1771, two Hhds. of Tobacco, marked HT No. 1068, 1142, 122, 1020, and HT No. 1069, 1232, 120, 1112, were passed at Warwick Warehouse. The Owner's Name is unknown, and the Tobacco will be sold according to Law, if the Owner does not apply. (2||) THE INSPECTORS.
SWAN'S POINT, November 8, 1774. I ONCE more earnestly entreat the several Persons due me for Ferrages, &c. to be speedy in discharging their respective Balances, more especially as it is known that a Tenant's Remove may occasion a Detention of his Furniture for Arrears. Mine is very considerable, and I should be glad to make proper Satisfaction; but it cannot be done without the Assistance of those I address, or an Indulgence I have no Right to expect. God willing, I shall be seated at Colonel Bland's Ordinary in Prince George, by next New Year's Day, where I shall be glad to receive the Favours of travelling Gentlemen, who may depend I will exert myself so as to deserve them. (2||) THOMAS FENNER.
COLCHESTER, November 1, 1774. THE Subscriber some Time ago advertised in the Neighbourhood of this Place, that the Business formerly transacted by him here, on Account of Messrs. David Dalzell, George Oswald, and Co. and Oswald, Dennistoun, and Co. of Glasgow, was declined by him on the 10th of January last, and committed to the Management of Mr. John Gibson; and as he intends to leave the Colony soon, he requests all who have had Dealings with him on Account of either of the said Companies, and have not already settled their Accounts, to come immediately and settle them with Mr. Gibson, who has transacted the Business since the 10th of January last, and continues to carry it on. And those who have Claims against the said Company, for Transactions with him, are desired to apply to Mr. Gibson, that they may be adjusted. HECTOR ROSS.
PETERSBURG, November 15, 1774. I INTEND to leave the Colony soon. All Persons indebted for Dealings with me are requested to make Payment to Mr. Thomas Shore, who is empowered to receive. (||) WILLIAM HARRISON.
For CHARTER, THE Brigantine Abby, Jonas Herbert Master, Burthen about 240 Hogheads, or 8000 Bushels. For Terms apply to (tf) GLEENWOOD, RITSON, & MARSH. NORFOLK, November 5, 1774.
To be SOLD on the Premises, to the highest Bidder, on Thursday the 15th of December next, by Virtue of a Deed of Trust from William Wilson, deceased, to Messrs. Henderson, M c Caull, and Co. of Glasgow, A PLANTATION and Tract of Land in Amherst County, on Buffalo River, containing 850 Acres, more or less. Also at the same Time and Place will be sold, another Tract of Land in the same County, on the said River, containing 192 Acres. Likewise four Negroes. The Land may be entered on at Christmas next; and twelve Months Credit will be allowed, on giving Bond with good Security. JAMES LYLE. ** At the same Time and Place will be sold, all the Stocks, Plantation Utensils, Crops of Corn, Wheat, and Fodder, on the said Plantation; for which twelve Months Credit will be allowed, on giving Bond with good Security to WILLIAM MITCHELL, Administrator.
PRINCE GEORGE, November 10, 1774. RUN away from the Subscriber, a Mulatto Boy named SAM, about 16 or 17 Years old, of a very light Complexion, and will endeavour to pass for a free Boy, has gray Eyes, brown Hair, a smooth artful Tongue, is a great Villain, but a very good Barber. In the Month of June last he was put in York Jail, on Suspicion of having stolen some Money in Williamsburg. He made his Escape from thence and got to Norfolk, where he was put in Jail and sent to me by Water. The next Day (September 20th) he made his Escape from my Overseer, and has not since been heard of. He was born in Fredericksburg Town, Maryland, has lived in Fredericksburg, Norfolk, and York Town, and is well acquainted with most Parts of Virginia. He was very meanly clad, having been so long in Jail, but it is probable will procure Clothes. I will give 40s. Reward to have him committed to any of his Majesty's Jails, if taken in the Colony of Virginia, and if out of the Colony 5l. All Captains of Ships, or Masters of Vessels, are hereby forewarned from carrying him out of the Country, or employing him. (tf) JOHN BLAND.
STRAYED, or STOLEN, from the Subscriber, about the 10th Instant (November) a DARK BAY MARE about fourteen Hands three Inches high, with a hanging Mane and Switch Tail, her Feet had been just trimmed, and she is branded HT. Whoever brings her to me, in Williamsburg, shall have 10s. Reward; or if stolen, on Conviction of the Thief, 5l. DANIEL PRENTIS.
THERE came to my Plantation in Henrico County, in April 1770, a BLACK BULL, marked with a Crop and two Slits in the right Ear, and an Upper and Under Keel in the left. He continued there till lately, turned very mischievous, throwing down my Fences and getting into my Corn Field, which obliged me to shoot him. Any Person who will prove his Property, and apply to me, shall be paid for him on Demand. The Beef I will have weighed, before Witnesses. LUSBY TURPIN.
TAKEN up, in Lunenburg, a White Horse about fifteen Years old, four Feet six or seven Inches high, and branded on the near Shoulder LW in a Piece. Posted, and appraised to 3l. 10s. (||) JOSEPH WILLIAMS.
TAKEN up, in _____, a Roan Horse about eleven Years old, four Feet five Inches high, his left Ear cropped, has a large Bell tied on, shod before, and branded on the near Buttock F, and on each Side of his Rump with a Horse Shoe. Posted, and appraised to 7l. 10s. (||) THOMAS RUDD.
TAKEN up, in Caroline, a Roan Bay Mare about four Years old, four Feet two Inches high, a Blaze in her Face, several white Hairs at the Root of her Tail, her Legs from the Knees down are black, and she is branded on the near Buttock B. Posted, and appraised to 5l. 10s. JOHN TAYLOR, Junior.
TAKEN up, in Pittsylvania, a Black Steer about five Years old, with a white pied Head, some White under his Belly, a white Ring round Part of his left Leg, marked with a Crop in the left Ear, and a large Underside in the right. Posted, and appraised to 45s. (||) JOSHUA ALSTON.
Just IMPORTED, a fresh Assortment of GARDEN, SEEDS. Also a small Assortment of EUROPEAN GOODS. Which are to be SOLD, for ready Money only, by ROBERT NICOLSON. WILLIAMSBURG, November 10, 1774.
THE Creditors of the late Honourable John Page, Esq; are desired to bring in their Accounts. MANN PAGE, MANN PAGE, Jun. } Executors. JOHN PAGE, Jun. }
FOR SALE, MY DWELLING-HOUSE, &c. in York Town. For Terms apply to me, in this City. JOHN H. NORTON. WILLIAMSBURG, Nov. 12, 1774.
OCTOBER 30, 1774. WE the Inheritors and Purchasers under the four original joint Patentes of Martin's Swamp, in the County of Chesterfield, have determined that whoever may hereafter, without our Leave in Writing, shoot in the said Swamp, Broken Marshes, and sunken Ground adjoining, shall be immediately prosecuted in the General Court, not only for the Protection of our Property, but to defend ourselves against any Claim of Partition in it. RICHARD RANDOLPH. RYLAND RANDOLPH. FRANCIS EPPES.
NOVEMBER 1, 1774. THE Books of the Store lately kept by Mr. Thomas Hope in Halifax County, are now with me at Petersburg. Those indebted are requested to come and close their Accounts, by Bond, or Payment. JOHN FISHER.
IMPORTED last Spring, in the Marlborough, Captain Dawson, a small Box marked W T, containing four Pieces of Irish Linen, ten Pounds of Thread, and a black Russel Petticoat. I shall be greatly obliged to any Gentleman that will forward the said Box to Port Royal, to the Care of Mr. Robert Gilchrist, who will pay any Charge for so doing. (4||) WALKER TALIAFERRO.
WILLIAMSBURG, November 9, 1774. BEING informed that several Gentlemen, who have been pleased to favour my SALT SCHEME by subscribing to the Encouragement of it, decline paying their Money till they can receive a proper Assurance that the Salt I may make shall not be engrossed by Merchants or others, who may intend to retail it to the Inhabitants of this Colony at an advanced Price; That I may give the fullest Testimony of my Intention to make the Scheme as extensively useful as possible, I do hereby oblige myself to conform to any Measures or Regulations that may be adopted by the Subscribers to secure a Preference and Pre-emption to them of what Salt may be made at the intended Works. Several Gentlemen of Credit have proposed a Partnership with me, in Order to prosecute a Plan with greater Success, and to a larger Extent; but not being able to advance any Proportion of a common Stock, my Admission into such a Partnership could not be expected upon such Terms as would enable me to maintain my Family and draw a moderate Profit to myself. If the Subscribers should approve of my entering into a Partnership and applying their Contributions as my Part of the Stock, I am persuaded it would be the likeliest Means of expediting and carrying on the Business with greater Advantage to the Community. However, in this, as in every other Measure, I shall cheerfully acquiesce in their Determinations. JAMES TAIT.
GOOCHLAND, October 3, 1774. WHEREAS Mr. Archibald M c Kendrick and myself did enter into a Copartnership in July last, to prevent any Dispute, or Confusion of Accounts, I give this publick Notice, that I was not nor will be chargeable with any Kind of Goods that I do not purchase myself, and shall be accountable for no others. ANDERSON PEERS.
I HAVE laid off several Lots, or Half Acres of Land, contiguous to the Town of Alexandria, which are to be leased in Fee on Ground Rent. Any Persons inclined to rent the same may make Application to Robert Hanson Harrison, Esq; Attorney at Law, resident in the said Town, who will let them know the Terms, and agree for me, he having a proper Power to act. (6) JOHN ALEXANDER.
THOSE Gentlemen who have empowered the Subscriber to collect Debts due to them in the Southern Provinces, and have not furnished him with their Accounts and Specialties, are desired to lodge them with some Merchant at Richmond, by the first of May next, at which Time he intends to be in Virginia in Order to receive and give proper Receipts for them. As the Subscriber intends to continue in the Business of collecting Carolina Debts for some Time, he would be glad to undertake such Collection for any Person at a Commission of one Half the Sum collected, bearing his own Expenses, and paying all Costs of Suits where the Debtors prove insolvent. Gentlemen choosing to employ him are desired to lodge their Accounts, properly authenticated, with any of the Merchants at Richmond, or Manchester, by the Time above mentioned. (4||) WILLIAM PENN.
BY Virtue of a Deed from Robert Reade, late of Brunswick County, to the Subscriber, David Russell, also with Consent of James Mason, who has a prior Claim, and will join in a Deed to the Purchaser, will be sold to the highest Bidder, at Brunswick Courthouse, on Monday the 28th of December; a valuable Tract of Land in said County, containing 534 Acres. Mrs. Reade has her Lifetime in 354 Acres, of the said Land, and the remaining 180 Acres may be entered on the first Day of January next. DAVID RUSSELL. JAMES MASON.
HALIFAX COUNTY, October 20, 1774. THE Subscriber intends to move in about two Months, with his Family, to the upper Part of South Carolina. WILLIAM HILL.
WANTED, THREE Thousand Pounds Sterling, at five per Cent. for ten Years; to pay four Thousand five Hundred Pounds Sterling at the Expiration of that Term, or on the Death of the Borrower, who is upwards of forty. Collateral Security to be given for the Payment of the Interest, as it accrues; and the Principal secured either by Deed of Trust or Mortgage, or as valuable landed Property as any in this Colony, warranted free from any Encumbrance, together with fifty as valuable Slaves. The Direction of the Advertiser is to A. B., to be left at Purdie's Printing Office in Williamsburg.
For LIVERPOOL (to sail in a Month) THE Ship Betsey, James Dysart Master, can take in 100 Hhds. of Tobacco, on Liberty of Consignment, the rest of her Cargo being already engaged. Those who are inclined to ship may give their Orders to Mr. John Holloway of Petersburg, Mr. Edward Johnson of Manchester, or the Subscribers in Norfolk. (4) JOHN LAWRENCE, & Co. NOVEMBER 10, 1774.

POETS CORNER. Address to the SCEPTICKS.
From Dr. Beattie's MINSTREL. AND be it so. Let those deplore their doom Who's Hope still grovels in this dark Sojourn;
To be SOLD on the Premises, by Virtue of a Deed of Trust, on Thursday the 1st of December next, for ready Money, or short Credit, ONE Hundred and fifty Acres of Land, in the County of Brunswick, and Parish of St. Andrew, on Rocky Run, bounded by the Lines of John Dugger, Jones Williams, Absalom Bennett, and Tatum's Road.
To be SOLD, at Albemarle Courthouse, on Tuesday the 27th of December next, FIFTY choice young Virginia born SLAVES, for fifteen of which ready Money must be had, and for the others Credit will be allowed till the first of June 1776.
To be SOLD on the Premises, on Tuesday the 13th of December next, in Consequence of a Deed of Trust from Thomas Jarrett to the Subscribers, A VALUABLE Tract of LAND, containing 1338 Acres, on the South Side of Newseway River, in Southampton County, about three Miles from the Courthouse.
To be HIRED for the ensuing Year, at King William Courthouse, on Thursday the 29th of December, if fair, otherwise next fair Day, ABOUT FIFTY likely Virginia born SLAVES, consisting of Men, Women, Boys, and Girls, some of which are excellent House Servants.
To be SOLD to the highest Bidder, on the Plantation lately occupied by Mr. Thomas Lodge Dennis, deceased, adjoining Mr. John Winkfield, in Hanover County, on Wednesday the 14th of December next, if fair, otherwise next fair Day, ABOUT thirty Head of Cattle, in very good Order, two Yoke of Oxen, about forty Head of Hogs, chief Part of which will be fatted, four Horses, Plows, Hoes, and other Utensils for Husbandry.
TEN POUNDS REWARD. RUN away from the Subscriber's Plantation on Bull Run, last Night, a Convict Servant Man, who says his Name is JOHN HERN, but was convicted by the Name of Pooling Horns, and imported into Potomack last Month, in the Ship Taylor.
KING & QUEEN, November 8, 1774. RUN away from the Subscriber, in May last, JOHN, a Virginia born Negro Man about 32 Years of Age, six Feet high, well made, has had the Smallpox, wears Whiskers, and writes intelligibly.
TEN DOLLARS Reward. RUN away from the Subscriber, living near Susquehannah River, Hartford County, Maryland, on or about the Month of September 1771, a Convict Servant Man named DANIEL DUNN, about 38 Years old, about five Feet eight Inches high, a Nailor by Trade, and calls himself a Batten or Small Rail Maker.
I HEREBY forewarn the Publick from taking an Assignment of two Bonds granted the 7th ult. to Samuel Morgan, late of Amelia County (the first Bond payable the 25th of December 1775, for 731. Virginia Money; the second Bond Payable the 25th of December 1776, for 1001. Virginia Currency) as the said respective Sums are attached in my Hands by Mr. William Fitzgerald of Amelia County.
TWENTY GUINEAS REWARD. MADE off from Frederick Town, in Maryland, with a large Sum of Money collected for Quittents, a certain ELIAS BARTON about five Feet one or two Inches high, of a dark Complexion, black Hair tied behind, stoops a little in his Walk, and treads uncommonly hard.
For CHARTER, or private SALT, THE Ship Neptune, Archibald White Master, Burthen about 400 Hogheads, or 10,000 Bushels. For Terms, apply to the Subscribers in Norfolk.
THE Death of Mr. Hugh M'Mekin (late of Norfolk) renders it absolutely necessary that the Business carried on by him there, by Mr. Matthew Anderson in King & Queen, and by Mr. Christopher Pryor at Gloucester Courthouse, be discontinued.
To be SOLD, for ready Money, by the Executors of Newton Keene, deceased, pursuant to his last Will, by publick Auction, to the highest Bidder, on Monday the 19th of December next, if fair, otherwise next fair Day, at the Place called Newgate, in the County of Loudoun.
A TRACT of valuable LAND in the said County, adjoining to the said Place called Newgate, and partly bounded by the Mountain Road, containing about 1400 Acres; about 100 Acres whereof are under a Lease for one or two Lives, at a small yearly Rent.
For SALE, THAT valuable and well situated Lot in Williamsburg where the Coffeehouse is now kept, which may be entered upon the 1st of April next. Also a Tract of Land in Nansemond County, within three Miles of Suffolk, upon which is a good Stream for a Mill.
COMMITTED to the Publick Jail, on the 3rd Instant, a Negro Man named CHARLES, who told me he belonged to Doctor Corbin Griffin of York, which I have repeatedly notified to the Doctor; but no Application having been made from him for the said Fellow, it is probable he has told me a Falsehood.
For CHARTER, THE Ship Lonsdale, James Grayson Master, Burthen about 430 Hhds. British built, two Years old, a very good Vessel, well fitted and sound. For Terms apply to Richard Squire Taylor, in King William County.
FOR SALE, A TRACT of LAND in York County, about four Miles from Williamsburg, containing 250 Acres. It lies in about three Quarters of a Mile of York River, and about the same Distance from the Oyster Rocks, joins Colonel John Tabb's, and Colonel Landon Carter's Land, and has as much Timber as will pay for it in one Year, by felling Wood to the Inhabitants of Williamsburg.
For CHARTER, THE Ship Betsey, James Dysart Master, Burthen about 400 Hogheads, or 10,000 Bushels. For Terms apply to JOHN LAWRENCE, & Co. NORFOLK, October 13, 1774.
NEW YORK, July 27, 1774. FIFTY POUNDS REWARD, WHEREAS, on the 19th of June last past, a certain JOSEPH THORP was entrusted with a considerable Sum in Half Johannesse, of nine Pennyweight, to be delivered by him at Quebec, and as he has not yet made his Appearance there, with other suspicious Circumstances, it is apprehended he is gone off with the Money.
Wanted immediately, A JOURNEYMAN SHOEMAKER that understands the Business well in all its Branches. Such a One, that can come well recommended, for an honest, industrious, sober Man, will meet with Encouragement to his Satisfaction, a good Seat of Work, and his Money paid every Saturday Night if he chooses it.
To be SOLD or RENTED (Preference will be given to the first) A PLANTATION on Allen's Creek in Mecklenburg, within a Mile of Roanoke, consisting of about 120 Acres of Land, the Property of Messrs. Alexander Donald and Co. and whereon the Subscriber now lives.
To be SOLD, A TRACT of LAND in Surry County, containing 450 Acres, known by the Name of Cabin Point, on which are a new Set of Brick Warehouse, which bring in about 701. a Year, and a new Brick Merchant Mill completely fitted with two Water Wheels on a never-failing Stream.
FOR SALE, TWO THOUSAND Acres of LAND, lying on the River Shenando, in the County of Frederick, eight Miles above Abby's Gap. One Third of the Purchase Money to be paid on the Day of Sale, and an extensive Credit will be given for the Remainder.
To be RENTED, from Year to Year, or for a Term of Years, BELVOIR, the beautiful Seat of the Honourable George William Fairfax, Esq.; lying upon Potomack River in Fairfax County, about fourteen Miles below Alexandria.
FOR SALE, A TRACT of LAND in Amelia County, containing 500 Acres, about four Miles below the Courthouse, it is remarkable fine Land for Grain, and will bring good Tobacco.
For SALE, ABOUT twelve Thousand Acres of exceeding rich TOBACCO LAND, in Amherst County, whereon are several Plantations and Improvements sufficient to work forty or fifty Hands.