The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1808-05-14 00:00:00

G Minot
The Enquirer.
VOL. 5.]
RICHMOND, SATURDAY, MAY 14, 1808.
[No. 3.]
PUBLISHED BY THOMAS RITCHIE, OPPOSITE THE POST-OFFICE, AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE.
NEW ADVERTISEMENTS.
WAR DEPARTMENT, APRIL 13, 1808. NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, That separate proposals will be received at the Office of the Secretary for the Department of War, until 12 o'clock, at noon of Monday the 20th of June next, for the supply of all rations that may be required for the use of the United States, from the 1st day of October, 1808, inclusive, to the 1st day of June, 1810, within the states, territories and districts following, viz.
First, At Niagara, Detroit, Michilimackinac, Fort Wayne, Chicago, and in their immediate vicinities, and at any place or places, where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited, within the territory of Michigan.
2nd, At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited, within the states of Kentucky and Tennessee.
3rd, At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the state of Ohio and the Indiana and Louisiana territories, except Fort Wayne and Chicago and their immediate vicinities.
4th, At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the Mississippi and Orleans territories.
Separate proposals will also be received as aforesaid, for the supply of all rations which may be required for the use of the United States, from the 1st day of January 1809 inclusive, to the 1st day of June 1810, within the several states following, viz.
5th, At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the district of Maine, and state of New-Hampshire.
6th, At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited, within the state of Vermont.
7th, At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the state of Massachusetts, the town of Springfield excepted.
8th, At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the states of Connecticut and Rhode-Island.
9th, At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the state of New-York, Niagara and its dependencies excepted.
10th, At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the state of New-Jersey.
11th, At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the state of Pennsylvania.
12th, At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the states of Maryland and Delaware.
13th, At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the state of Virginia.
14th, At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the state of North-Carolina.
15th, At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the state of South-Carolina.
16th, At Ocmulgee Old Fields, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the limits of the state of Georgia.
17th, Proposals will also be received as aforesaid, for the supply of all rations which may be required by the United States, for the troops which are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the town of Springfield in the state of Massachusetts; and for the armors and other persons employed in the United States' Armory at that place, from the 1st day of January 1809 inclusive, to the 1st day of June 1810.
A ration to consist of one pound and one quarter of beef, or three quarters of a pound of pork, eight ounces of bread or flour, one gill of rum, whiskey or brandy, & at the rate of two quarts of salt, four quarts of vinegar, four pounds of soap, & one pound and a half of candles, to every hundred rations. The prices of the several component parts of the ration shall be specified; but the United States reserve the right of making such alterations in the price of the component parts of the ration aforesaid, as shall make the price of each part thereof bear a just proportion to the proposed price of the whole ration. The rations are to be furnished in such quantities that there shall at all times, during the term of the proposed contract, be sufficient for the consumption of the troops at Michilimackinac, Detroit and Chicago, for six months in advance; and at each of the other ports on the western waters, for at least three months in advance, of good and wholesome provisions, if the same shall be required. It is also to be permitted to all and every of the commandants of fortified places or ports, to call for, at seasons when the same can be transported, or at any time in case of urgency, such supplies of like provisions in advance, as in the discretion of the commandant shall be deemed proper.
It is understood that the contractor is to be at the expense and risk of issuing the supplies to the troops, and that all losses sustained by the depredations of an enemy, or by means of the troops of the United States shall be paid by the United States at the price of the articles captured or destroyed as aforesaid, on the deposition of two or more persons of creditable characters, and the certificate of a commissioned officer, stating the circumstances of the loss, and the amount of the articles for which compensation shall be claimed.
The privilege is understood to be reserved to the United States of requiring that none of the supplies, which may be furnished under any of the proposed contracts, shall be issued, until the supplies which have been or may be furnished under contracts now in force, have been consumed; and that a supply in advance may be always required in any of the fixed posts on the sea board, or Indian frontier, not exceeding three months.
H. DEARBORN, Secretary of War. May 14. [ep3w]
THE Creditors of Humphrey Babiney are hereby notified, that a second dividend will be made at the house of Ralston & Pleasants, on Monday the 6th of June next. GAB. RALSTON, } Trustees. HENRY HOVEY, } Richmond, May 13. [ept6th June]
WILL BE SOLD, on the second day of June 1808, one acre of ground which formerly belonged to Nisbet Wyse who has now deceased. Being near Colonel Adams's saw mill, which is now owned by me. I have a part in as a legatee. I wish to sell it and let his widow have her part, and for me to get my part, to go as far as it will in paying debts that I am security for the said Nisbet Wyse, Deceased. Terms, cash. J. TROWER, Administrator. May 10. [law2wp]
SALES AT AUCTION.
ON Saturday the 14th inst. will be sold, without reserve, at the house lately occupied by Mr. James Fisher, over the store of Messrs. Kirby, Drake and Taylor's, the following Household FURNITURE, &c. viz. Elegant Mahogany Chairs, Do. Tea and Card Tables, Do. Prints, Do. Looking Glasses, An elegant Mantle Piece Glass, A complete set of Table China, An elegant Tea Urn, An elegant silver Tea-pot, Sugar-dish, and Cream-pot, Beds, Bedsteads and Furniture, An elegant Mahogany Desk and Book-case, Carpets and Hearth Rugs, An elegant set of Cut-Glass, One Milk Cow, and a variety of other articles; Also, a likely Negro Fellow & a Woman. Terms of sale—Cash for all sums under $50, over $50 a credit of 4 months will be given, for notes negotiable and payable at the Bank of Virginia, with approved endorser. The sale will commence at 10 o'clock. PROSSER & MONCURE, Auct'rs. May 12. (2t)
DOMESTIC.
PUBLIC DOCUMENTS.
PART III.
(CONTINUED.)
From Messrs. Monroe and Pinkney Ministers extraordinary and Plenipotentiaries at London, to Mr. Madison, Secretary of State.
[COPY.] LONDON, March 14, 1807.
MY LORD, In conformity with the intimation which your lordship was so good as to make to us at a late interview, relative to certain claims and prize causes, which had been brought into discussion in the course of the late negotiation between his majesty's commissioners, and those of the United States, we have the honor to transmit to your lordship the copy of a note to Lord Holland and Lord Auckland, in which those claims and prize causes are fully explained. It is proper to add, that at the time of the signature of the treaty it was distinctly understood between the commissioners on both sides, that this subject was not to be affected by it, but was to remain completely open for future adjustment. We leave it upon the statement contained in that note and the documents to which it refers, in perfect confidence that it will be viewed by your lordship with the interest which belongs to it, and that every thing which is suitable to the high and honorable character of his majesty's government, and the just claims of the United States, will be done with relation to it, as promptly as circumstances will permit.
We have the honor to be, With the highest consideration, My Lord, Your lordship's Most obt. humble servants, JAMES MONROE, WM. PINKNEY. (Signed) The right honourable LORD VISCOUNT HOWICK, &c. &c. &c.
[COPY.] LONDON, August 20, 1806.
The undersigned commissioners extraordinary and plenipotentiary of the United States of America, think it necessary to give to Lord Holland and Lord Auckland, the commissioners extraordinary and plenipotentiary of his majesty, a brief explanation in writing of the claims, which they have already had the honor to mention to their lordships in a recent conference of sundry American citizens, for suitable compensation for losses and damages sustained in the course of the present war, by reason of irregular or illegal captures or condemnations of their vessels and other property, and at the same time to call the attention of their lordships to the situation of certain prize causes, arising out of some of these captures, now depending in the tribunals of this country.
The undersigned are happy in having it in their power to state that, according to the information they have been able to obtain, such of these claims as relate to captures, which, from causes peculiar to themselves, have excited in America a more than ordinary degree of sensibility, are not so considerable in number as at first was supposed.
The complaints of this description, to which the undersigned would particularly invite the attention of their lordships, have been produced by seizures as prize, made in direct violation of rules of maritime practice, previously declared by his majesty's government to the government of the United States, and in no degree revoked or affected by any arrangement between them, or even by any notification, that they were about to be abandoned.
Of these seizures the most important, and in every view the most interesting, were made in the year 1805, and in the early part of the year 1806, of the ships and merchandise of American citizens, upon the pretension, that the voyages in which they were engaged were direct or continuous between the colonies of his majesty's enemies and some port in Europe.
Although it is certain that the government of the United States has never admitted, that illegality can be imputed to such a trade, even when confessedly continuous or direct, and had concluded that the question had been otherwise formally settled in its favor, the undersigned believe it to be unnecessary to bring that point into view with any reference to the cases now under consideration. It is sufficient to state that, at the date of these seizures the merchants of the United States did explicitly understand, and were justified in a confident belief, founded not only upon antecedent practice, but upon a formal communication, in the year 1801, to the American minister in London from his majesty's principal secretary of state for the department of foreign affairs, that the circumstances, by which these voyages were accompanied, had been, and were distinctly admitted by the British government and by British courts of prize, to break their continuity, and render them unquestionably lawful.
The following detail will show more precisely the nature and effect of the communication to which the undersigned allude.
The public and private armed ships of this country having seized American vessels, bound from the United States to the Spanish West-Indies, on the pretext that their cargoes consisted of articles of the growth of Spain, then at war with Great Britain, and the vice admiralty court of Nassau having condemned the cargo of one of these vessels upon that pretext, Mr. King, in a
note to Lord Hawkesbury of the 13th of March, 1801, remonstrated against these acts as palpable abuses. The subject of this remonstrance was immediately referred to the king's advocate, whose report of the 16th of March, 1801, after declaring that the sentence of the vice admiralty court was erroneous, concludes with the following exposition of the law as understood in Great Britain, relative to the commerce of neutrals with belligerents and their colonies. "It is now distinctly understood, and has been repeatedly so decided by the high court of appeal, that the produce of the colonies of the enemy may be imported by a neutral into his own country, and may be re-exported from thence, even to the mother country of such colony; and in like manner the produce and manufactures of the mother country may, in this circuitous mode, legally find their way to the colonies. The direct trade, however, between the mother country and its colonies, has not, I apprehend, been recognised as legal, either by his majesty's government, or by his tribunals."
"What is a direct trade, or what amounts to an intermediate importation into the neutral country, may sometimes be a question of some difficulty. A general definition of either, applicable to all cases, cannot well be laid down. The question must depend upon the particular circumstances of each case. Perhaps the mere touching in the neutral country, to take fresh clearances, may properly be considered as a fraudulent evasion, and is in effect the direct trade; but the high court of admiralty has expressly decided (and I see no reason to expect that the court of appeal will vary the rule) that landing the goods and paying the duties in the neutral country, breaks the continuity of the voyage, and is such an importation as legalizes the trade, although the goods be re-shipped in the same vessel, and on account of the same neutral proprietors, and be forwarded for sale to the mother country or the colony."
An extract from this report, containing the foregoing passage, was transmitted by the duke of Portland, in a letter of the 30th March, 1801, to the lords commissioners of the admiralty. His grace's letter concludes thus: "In order, therefore, to put a stop to the inconveniences arising from these erroneous sentences of the vice admiralty courts, I have the honor to signify to your lordships the king's pleasure, that a communication of the doctrine laid down in the said report should be immediately made by your lordships to the several judges presiding in them, setting forth what is held to be the law upon the subject by the superior tribunals, for their future guidance and direction."
On the 11th of April, 1801, Lord Hawkesbury communicated to Mr. King, for the information of the government of the United States, a copy of the above letter of the duke of Portland, which is stated by his lordship to have been written by his majesty's command, in consequence of Mr. King's representation of the preceding month, together with a copy of the extract from the report of the king's advocate, referred to in his grace's letter, and already above quoted. Upon the receipt of this communication Mr. King transmitted it to his government in a letter (of which a copy is annexed) containing the following observations: "I take the liberty of suggesting the expediency of publishing these copies in our news-papers, as the most expeditious means of communicating the same to the cruising ships and privateers in the American seas. Having intimated this suggestion to Lord Hawkesbury, before he prepared and sent me his answer there can be no exceptions here against such a publication." The publication was directed, and took place accordingly.
The undersigned are persuaded that Lord Holland and Lord Auckland will at once perceive that the report of the king's advocate, thus unequivocally adopted by his majesty's government, and communicated, as an act to be respected and confided in, through the American minister, to the government of the United States, and finally to their citizens and to Europe, through the medium of a publication expected and authorized, cannot, in any fair construction, be viewed as anything short of a formal declaration, on the part of Great Britain, "that the landing of the cargo and the payment of the duties in the neutral country," would be considered as legalizing the circuitous trade, even between a belligerent and its own colonies.
The practice during the late, and the two first years of the present war, was in perfect conformity with this document, and by that conformity increased its authority, and furnished an additional justification, if any had been required, for a dependence upon the doctrine which it announced.
In the summer of 1805, however, when a large amount of American property was afloat, undeniably entitled to the protection of the above rule, and committed to the high seas, under an implicit reliance upon a strict adherence to it, the rule was suddenly abandoned, and British cruisers fell upon this trade, thus sanctioned by the express admission, as well as by the acquiescence of their government; and these captures are understood to have received the highest judicial sanction.
The undersigned have no desire to dwell upon this subject. They are convinced that the liberal and equitable sentiments which distinguish his majesty's government, render unnecessary the farther explanations of which it is susceptible. Referring to two notes, from the undersigned Mr. Monroe, to Lord Mulgrave of the 23d of September, 1805, and to Mr. Fox, of the 25th of February 1806, the undersigned have only to declare their sincere conviction that his majesty's government will not fail to see in the facts, which they have had the honor to state, an irresistible call upon it to repair the injurious effects of these seizures. As to the few cases of this class, now depending before the lords commissioners of appeal, or in other prize courts of his majesty, the undersigned feel assured that measures will be taken to cause them to be favorably disposed of, and that suitable reparation will moreover be secured to the parties injured, for the loss and damage they have sustained. The undersigned have the honor to transmit herewith a list of all the cases of this class, in which are distinguished such as are still judicially depending.
The next class of these cases (of which lists and estimates will hereafter be furnished) comprehends captures, during the existing war, contrary to the tenor of a letter of the 5th January, 1804, from Sir Evan Nepean to Mr. Hammond, on the subject of the blockade of Martinique and Guadeloupe, of which a copy was inclosed in a letter of the 12th of April, 1804, from Mr. Merry to Mr. Madison, of both of which letters copies are herewith transmitted.
The citizens of the United States complain that they have suffered severely by captures, in violation of the rules laid down with so much fairness and precision in this communication, and that, where condemnations have not followed, compensation equivalent to the actual loss has not been, and cannot be procured in the ordinary course, by any exertions on their part. The pretext for some of these captures has been the breach of an alleged blockade of Martinique or Guadeloupe; for others, the breach of an imaginary blockade of Curroco; and for others the
breach of an equally imaginary blockade of other ports and places. In all of these cases, either the actual investment of the particular port was wanting, or the vessels, seized for an imaginary criminal destination to it, had not been warned as required. The just extent of these claims the undersigned are not able to state; but they presume that it cannot be considerable.
The only remaining claims, which are reducible to any precise class, are those which relate to captures within the territorial jurisdiction of the United States. Of these, as well as some others of a miscellaneous nature, which the undersigned have not at present the means of presenting distinctly to Lord Holland and Lord Auckland, lists shall hereafter be prepared, and laid before their lordships, accompanied by suitable explanations.
The undersigned request Lord Holland and Lord Auckland to accept the assurance of their perfect consideration. (Signed) JAMES MONROE, WM. PINKNEY.
An extra-official communication with regard to the Canada trade.
A memorial has been presented to Lord Holland and Lord Auckland, on the part of the Canada merchants, setting forth a variety of injuries which they complain of having sustained from the government and servants of the United States, and praying that their complaints may be attended to, and redress obtained for them in the discussions which are at present pending between the American and British commissioners.
The injuries brought forward on their memorials may be reduced to the three following heads.
1st. Their exclusion from Louisiana. 2d. Their being made to pay higher duties for the goods they import into the United States from Canada, than the duties payable by the citizens of the United States on the importation of the same goods in American vessels into the Atlantic ports of the United States.
3d. Certain minor grievances which they contend to be in like manner contrary to the letter and spirit of the treaty of 1794.
By the 3d article of the treaty of 1794, it is agreed that it shall at all times be free to his majesty's subjects, and to the citizens of the United States, freely to pass and repass, by land or inland navigation, into the respective territories and countries of the two parties on the continent of America, and to navigate all the lakes and waters thereof, and freely to carry on trade with each other.
But notwithstanding this express stipulation, which secures to his majesty's subjects, without limitation or reservation the right of commercial intercourse by land or inland navigation with all the territories of the United States, on the continent of America, the governor of Louisiana has thought proper to exclude them from the commerce of that extensive province, unless they abjure their allegiance to his majesty, and take an oath of allegiance to the United States, and the same governor has also taken it upon him to prohibit the introduction of any goods or merchandise, which are not the property of citizens of the United States.
This arbitrary proceeding, besides being a direct violation of the treaty of 1794, is highly detrimental to the private interests of the Canada merchants, for it excludes them from a country where they have been carrying on trade successfully for many years, without interruption from the Spaniards, having latterly pushed their commercial posts even to the banks of the Missouri, and augmented the sale of their goods in Louisiana, to the amount of about £40,000 or £50,000 annually.
By the second paragraph of the 3d article of the treaty of 1794, it is agreed, that all goods and merchandise, whose importation into the United States shall not be wholly prohibited, may freely, for the purpose of commerce, be carried into the same, in the manner aforesaid by his majesty's subjects, and such goods or merchandise shall be subject to no higher duties than those payable by citizens of the United States, on the importation of the same in American vessels into the Atlantic ports of the said states.
But notwithstanding this stipulation, that the duties on goods imported into the United States from Canada, shall be no higher than the duties paid for the same goods when imported in American vessels into the Atlantic ports of the United States, the custom house officers of the inland ports practise a mode of estimating the duties imported from Canada, which has the effect of raising the duty on the prime cost of these goods to £22 per cent. instead of £15 10 per cent. which is the amount of the duty payable on the same goods, when imported in American vessels into the Atlantic ports of the United States.
As these goods are destined ultimately for the Indian market, this difference gives a decided advantage in that commerce to the citizens of the United States, over the subjects of his majesty, contrary to the spirit and obvious meaning of the treaty of 1794, the basis of which, in all its stipulations with regard to the Indian trade, were impartiality, equality and reciprocity of advantages.
The manner in which this evasion of the treaty is effected, will appear from the account given of it by the Canada merchants, in their memorial above referred to.
They state, "that by the revenue laws of the United States, all goods imported into their territory, not charged with a particular duty, pay a duty of 15 per cent. ad-valorem, excepting goods from the Cape of Good Hope, and from the countries beyond it; that in calculating this duty, 10 per cent. is first added to the prime cost of the goods, and the duty afterwards calculated on the amount in the following manner:
  Prime cost, £ 100   10 per cent. added, 10   £ 110   15 per cent. duty on £ 110 16 10   But that in estimating the duty on goods imported from Canada, the custom house officers add 10 per cent. not to the prime cost, but to their value at Montreal, where it is the custom for merchants to add 33 1/3 per cent. to the prime cost in Europe, as an equivalent for the expense and risk of transporting them so far, and that proceeding on this principle, the duties on goods imported into the United States from Canada are calculated in the following manner:   Prime cost in Europe, £ 100   Additional charge at Montreal, 33 6 8   £ 133 6 8   Additional 10 per cent. 13 6 8   £ 146 13 4 
Date of 15 per cent. on £ 146 13 4 amounts to £ 22: so that the same goods which pay a duty of only 16s. 8d. when imported by an American dealer, pay a duty of £22 when brought to the same market by a British dealer, contrary to the obvious spirit and meaning, and to the express stipulation of the treaty of 1794.
Under the third head of minor grievances are to be classed the following: 1st. Though British subjects are entitled, in the terms of the treaty of 1794, "freely to pass and repass by land or in-
land navigation into the territories of the United States," yet they are obliged to pay six dollars for a licence to trade with the Indians within the boundaries of the United States by the servants of the states, and when they arrive at the American ports in the interior, they are often compelled to dismiss their canoe men, and to hire others at a great expense and inconvenience.
2d. Though it is agreed in the treaty "that no duties shall be payable on any goods which shall merely be carried over any of the portages, or carrying places, on either side, for the purpose of being immediately re-embarked and carried to some other place or places," yet various attempts have been made to collect such duties at the American portages, which have at length compelled the British traders to abandon the grand portage, and to establish a new portage at Kinnestini within the British line.
Though the arrangement of the Indian trade by the treaty of 1794, was "intended to render in a great degree the local advantages of each party common to both, and thereby to promote a disposition favorable to friendship and good neighborhood," yet the revenue officers of the United States, without considering the difficulty of observing in the lakes and rivers of Canada those regulations with regard to the approach to shore and ports which are applicable to the ports of the ocean, have, in many instances, and in particular in the case of the two bateaux stopped at Michilimackinac, manifested a disposition to harass and impede the trade of British merchants on pretences the most frivolous and unfounded, and in a manner equally vexatious and injurious to them.
(DUPLICATE.) LONDON, April 22, 1807.
SIR, We had the honor to receive your letter of February 3d, on the 6th instant, and are now to give you a detail of the measures we have pursued in obedience to the instructions it communicated.
To enable you to form a just idea of those measures, it will be proper to state concisely what had occurred at the time of receiving your letter, after the departure of Mr. Purdie with the treaty, and our dispatch of the 3d of January.
Soon after that date we resumed our conferences with the British commissioners, as we intimated it was our intention to do, and had nearly digested with the project of a supplemental convention upon the principal topics alluded to in the last paragraph of that dispatch, when an entire change took place in the British ministry; Lord Grenville and his associates being compelled to retire in favor of the friends of Mr. Pitt. This change of course, suspended the further progress of the business, and in that state it still remains.
Before this change in the administration, we had presented to the British commissioners, according to an agreement which accompanied the signature of the treaty, an annotated note on the subject of indemnity, and another to Lord Hawkesbury on the same subject, previously seen and approved by the British commissioners. With these papers (of which copies are now transmitted) the British commissioners are not only expressed their perfect satisfaction, but assured us, then, as they have frequently done since, that the just confidence with which that agreement had inspired us, in regard to its object, would not be disappointed.
We had many conferences with the British commissioners, previous to the late change, upon the subject of impressments, in which they invariably declared to us, that the practice of their government would be strictly conformable to the spirit of the article, which they had settled with us, and which was afterwards rejected by the cabinet. They stated that the prejudice of the navy, and of the country generally, was so strong in favor of their pretension, that the ministry could not encounter it, in a direct form; and that, in truth, the support of parliament could not have been relied on in such a case. It was their idea, that by discontinuing the practice in the mode proposed by them, which might be done without giving any shock to the public feeling, this prejudice might be gradually overcome, and an arrangement by treaty on this very delicate and difficult subject, rendered ultimately practicable. The U. States would in the interim enjoy the security they sought, without any abandonment of their rights, and be induced to yield in return, as their confidence increased, the equivalents which we had offered in our project.
The footing upon which the note of the 3d. comm. (which is and must be considered as the treaty) left this point, was supposed to be the less liable to exception on our part, because, while it affords a pledge unquestionably intended to secure the substance of our object, and constantly admitted here to be equal to that effect, it keeps it, nevertheless, for our advantage, completely open for future negotiation and more formal adjustment. The note declares that the discussion of any plan will be entertained that the discussion of any plan will be entertained that can be devised "to secure the interests of both states, without injury to rights" which they are respectively attached," and consequently provides for a renewal of negotiation with a sincere view to such an arrangement as shall be practically consistent with the declared pretensions of the U. States, and yet leave untouched the British principle; or, in other words, an arrangement, in which G. Britain shall agree to conform her conduct to our views, without renouncing the claim which she has hitherto maintained and acted upon. It was supposed, therefore, to be the clear import of that note that the conduct of Great Britain would not, while the discussion of such a plan as it might be proper to insert in a treaty, stood postponed at the request of its commissioners, encroach in practice upon rights, which we had so strongly asserted and vindicated as rights not to be abandoned, which it was well understood our government and country would not suffer to be invaded in future as they had been during the past, and which the British commissioners themselves, acting under the immediate orders of the cabinet, had in their note distinctly recognized as to be preserved hereafter from injury and violation. This conclusion was thought to be more just and natural when it was remembered that it was supported, not only by the verbal admissions and declarations of the British commissioners, which would of course, as they knew, be reported to our government.

by the language of such parts of the note as looked particularly to the future practice of Great Britain on the subject of impressments. It was believed to be fortified too by the obvious consideration, that the U. States would be authorized, notwithstanding any adjustment by treaty upon other points, in a case of the impressment on the high seas of a single mariner from an American vessel, to view it as an act of aggression, and to resent it accordingly. This right existed, undoubtedly, independently of that note: but it seemed notwithstanding to derive from it a new and high sanction favorable to its just effect: and certainly the sensibility and determination which have been manifested on this point by the U. States, especially of late, and by the American commissioners during the recent negotiation, must have inspired this government with the conviction, that a perseverance in such outrages upon their sovereignty and the rights of their citizens, would be wholly incompatible with the peaceful relations of the two countries, which it was the professed object of the British commissioners and their government to preserve. It is proper, however, for us to state that it was our intention to have requested of this government written explanations on this topic of impressment, as well as on that of indemnity, for the purpose of transmitting them to you. The approaching departure of Mr. Monroe for the U. States, would, it was thought, furnish a suitable occasion for such an application.
Towards the end of the last month, the change took place in the ministry, and on the 27th the diplomatic corps had their first interview with Mr. Canning, who succeeded Lord Howick in the foreign department. Although the meeting was general, a separate audience was given, as is usual, to the representatives of each power. At Mr. Canning's request we gave him a concise, but just view of the state of business between our governments. He appeared not to have heard before of what had taken place relative to the project of a supplemental convention. He said that he had come too recently into office to be able to say any thing decisive on any of the topics of which we had spoken him a sketch, but that he would soon make himself acquainted with them, and give us another interview. His professions, which were of a general nature, were conciliatory.
Such was the state of affairs when we had the honor to receive your letter of February the 3d. We were anxious to carry into effect the instructions contained in that letter, in the best manner in our power, and with the least possible delay. It became especially our duty to make known to the new ministry, as soon as we might be able, the understanding which had subsisted between the British commissioners and through them the late cabinet, and us, as to the condition on which we had consented to continue the negotiation, after our project relative to impressments had been rejected; that in fact we had no authority to treat after that event—and that our government was not bound, or supposed or intended to be bound, to ratify what we had done, if it disapproved of it. We were equally desirous of turning to the best account the appeal which a refusal to ratify by our government, would make to the interests of this country, in an effort to arrange by treaty this great point with the new ministry. The first measure seemed to be free from difficulty. The statement proposed was an act of justice to our government, and of duty to it and our country, which might be discharged without the slightest hazard to the public interest. Indeed, as it was presumable that this government would soon receive intelligence from Mr. Erskine, which, without an explanation, could hardly fail to produce an unfavorable effect, it appeared to be indispensably necessary to make it, to prevent a public injury. The second object, however, was evidently involved in more difficulty. From what we had seen, in the debates in Parliament, of the disposition of several of the members of the new ministry, before they came into power, on subjects which were connected with our treaty, independent of other causes, we had reason to believe, that great caution ought to be observed in any communication which we might make to it on that point. Although Lord Holland and Lord Auckland had retired from their offices of lord privy seal and president of the board of trade, they still retained their situations as commissioners extraordinary and plenipotentiary, and as we presumed, would continue to do so until the business, in which we had been engaged with them, should be concluded. In every view it seemed to be just and expedient to confer with them on the subject of our late dispatch. We accordingly obtained an early interview, in which we communicated, in confidence, the substance of that dispatch, as well in conformity with the orders of the president, as in the hope that they might be able to assist us in the accomplishment of its object. But we found them under circumstances of such peculiar delicacy with the new ministry, that it was not in their power to give us the slightest aid. They informed us that, on the exchange of ministers, Lord Howick had communicated to Mr. Canning the state in which our business stood, and more particularly the progress which had been made in the proposed plan of convention, in the expectation that he would have requested them to proceed in it: that, however, no such request had been made, in consequence of which they should feel it their duty, in case he continued silent, to withdraw from the commission. They expressed their regret that they had not been able to arrange with us by treaty the subject of impressment, as they wished to have done: but assured us that the order which they had engaged should be issued in their note of November 8th, had been actually issued about that time, and in terms calculated, as they had understood, to accomplish the object desired. They saw no objection to our being furnished with a copy of that order, and presumed that it might still be obtained. In adverting to the understanding which had subsisted between us on the failure of the article which had been submitted to the cabinet for providing against impressments at sea, we were happy to find that they retained a perfect recollection of it in the sense in which we have stated it above. They admitted that we had a right to expect, from the new ministry, an explanation of its views relative to the project of a convention, and to indemnity & impressments, from the particular state in which those great subjects were left, and the terms which we had on the government with what had been done in them. Of the prospect of making with the present ministry a satisfactory arrangement a minister, by treaty, they said nothing; but stated that they had often said and thought that they had done all on that point in which they had declared it as their opinion that, if their friends had remained in office, well disposed as they knew them to be towards the United States, the mode in which we were now about to pursue this object would not tend to produce, in that or any other respect, a favorable effect. They could therefore give us no advice as to the part which it became us to take in the present juncture. They intimated, however, that by obtaining an interview and conferring with Mr. Canning we might probably ascertain the sentiments of his government on the whole subject, and be enabled thereby to pursue the course which would be best adapted to the spirit of our instructions & the interests of our country.
Immediately after our interview with the British commissioners we asked one of Mr. Canning, which was obtained on the instant. It was our intention to have confined ourselves in the first instance to the topics above mentioned, and to the information which we thought it our duty to give him of the understanding which had subsisted between the British commissioners and ourselves, of the condition on which we had proceeded to the other points of the negotiation after the project of an article relative to impressments had been rejected. As soon however, as we glanced at the objects of the interview, he observed that he had just received intelligence which, if true, would make it unnecessary for us to enter at present on any of the topics alluded to; that it had been represented to him that an officer, just arrived from America, had that morning informed the admiralty that the treaty which had been lately concluded here, had been rejected by our government; that he had not seen the officer, and therefore could not state the grounds on which the information rested. He observed that such an event would place the relations of the two countries in an embarrassing situation, and wished to know whether we had received any intelligence of a like import. We perceived at once, that the important feature in your dispatch of February 3d, respecting the disclosure of which to the new ministry we had entertained some doubt, was not only either already known to it, or soon would be, but that inferences of a dangerous tendency were likely to be drawn from the refusal of our government to ratify the treaty, in case it should occur, which such an event could not justify. We saw therefore, the necessity of communicating to Mr. Canning immediately the substance of that dispatch, as well for the purpose of preventing those errors, as to obey the instructions contained in it, over which, in the respect alluded to, we should have exercised any discretion with great reluctance. We assured Mr. Canning, that there could have been no foundation for the report of the rejection of the treaty, as we were satisfied that Mr. Purvis, who had carried it to our government, could not have arrived in the United States in time to enable the president to submit it to the consideration of the Senate, before the 3d of March, when Congress must have adjourned; and that he must be sensible, that until the receipt of our dispatch, no step, at least of so decisive a character, would be taken in the business. We stated, however, that we had great reason to believe that the treaty would not be ratified in its present form, for a cause which was well known to his majesty's late government. We then communicated to him fully all the circumstances on which that remark was founded, particularly the nature of our instructions relative to impressments; the knowledge which the British commissioners had of them; the entire suspension of the negotiation at a certain period, on the failure with the cabinet of a project of an article for the regulation of that point; the considerations which induced us afterwards to proceed in the negotiation, founded on the note of the British commissioners of the 8th of November, the nature of which we fully explained; and finally the condition on which we did proceed in the business, that is, that our government would not be bound to ratify the treaty, if it should not be satisfied with the substitute for such an article offered in that note. He asked us, in case the treaty should not be ratified, in what state our government wished to place the relations of the two countries? We replied that it was its wish that the subject of impressment should be resumed and arranged: we explained to him the nature of the article, on the failure of which the negotiation had been suspended, and showed that Great Britain would gain by it much more than an equivalent for the forbearance of the practice of which we complained, independent of the other good effects likely to result from it: On this point he gave no opinion, but asked what the relation should be, in case no such agreement as we desired should take place respecting impressments? We replied that, in such a case, it would be the desire of our government that no treaty should be concluded, but that the relation should be placed informally on the most friendly footing; adhering, in the explanations which we gave him on this head, to the ideas contained in your letter of February 3d, but without mentioning the actual receipt of such a letter. He said he was glad to find, that our government looked in all events, to a amicable arrangement. We told him that we had not heard from you since the treaty had arrived in America; but that full instructions would doubtless be forwarded to us, as soon after that event as possible. He then observed that, under present circumstances, he thought it would be better to let the whole business rest, as it would be impossible for either party to move in it with advantage. He promised, in case the officer above mentioned, brought any thing material, to inform us of it, and to appoint a time for another interview, which however he has not yet done. We enclose a copy of his note of the next day.
It is impossible for us to give you a satisfactory opinion as to the prospect of arranging this important business with the present ministry. All the facts on which such an opinion should be formed, not previously known to you, are stated above. As, however, we are not perfectly aware of the consequences of any act on our part, which might tend to lessen the obligation of this government to ratify the treaty, in case it should be ratified by the president and senate, we have thought it best, (especially as Mr. Canning, after promising us an appointment, has shown no disposition towards another interview) to leave things in their present state until we hear from you. We flatter ourselves that we shall soon have that satisfaction as we see by the gazette, that Mr. Purvis, must have arrived at Washington about the 14th of March. In the mean time we have placed our affairs on a footing the most favorable for any course which our government may take, and we beg you to be assured that we shall, with the utmost zeal and promptitude, adopt that which shall be thought the most expedient.
to that, if their friends had remained in office, well disposed as they knew them to be towards the United States, the mode in which we were now about to pursue this object would not tend to produce, in that or any other respect, a favorable effect. They could therefore give us no advice as to the part which it became us to take in the present juncture. They intimated, however, that by obtaining an interview and conferring with Mr. Canning we might probably ascertain the sentiments of his government on the whole subject, and be enabled thereby to pursue the course which would be best adapted to the spirit of our instructions & the interests of our country.
Immediately after our interview with the British commissioners we asked one of Mr. Canning, which was obtained on the instant. It was our intention to have confined ourselves in the first instance to the topics above mentioned, and to the information which we thought it our duty to give him of the understanding which had subsisted between the British commissioners and ourselves, of the condition on which we had proceeded to the other points of the negotiation after the project of an article relative to impressments had been rejected. As soon however, as we glanced at the objects of the interview, he observed that he had just received intelligence which, if true, would make it unnecessary for us to enter at present on any of the topics alluded to; that it had been represented to him that an officer, just arrived from America, had that morning informed the admiralty that the treaty which had been lately concluded here, had been rejected by our government; that he had not seen the officer, and therefore could not state the grounds on which the information rested. He observed that such an event would place the relations of the two countries in an embarrassing situation, and wished to know whether we had received any intelligence of a like import. We perceived at once, that the important feature in your dispatch of February 3d, respecting the disclosure of which to the new ministry we had entertained some doubt, was not only either already known to it, or soon would be, but that inferences of a dangerous tendency were likely to be drawn from the refusal of our government to ratify the treaty, in case it should occur, which such an event could not justify. We saw therefore, the necessity of communicating to Mr. Canning immediately the substance of that dispatch, as well for the purpose of preventing those errors, as to obey the instructions contained in it, over which, in the respect alluded to, we should have exercised any discretion with great reluctance. We assured Mr. Canning, that there could have been no foundation for the report of the rejection of the treaty, as we were satisfied that Mr. Purvis, who had carried it to our government, could not have arrived in the United States in time to enable the president to submit it to the consideration of the Senate, before the 3d of March, when Congress must have adjourned; and that he must be sensible, that until the receipt of our dispatch, no step, at least of so decisive a character, would be taken in the business. We stated, however, that we had great reason to believe that the treaty would not be ratified in its present form, for a cause which was well known to his majesty's late government. We then communicated to him fully all the circumstances on which that remark was founded, particularly the nature of our instructions relative to impressments; the knowledge which the British commissioners had of them; the entire suspension of the negotiation at a certain period, on the failure with the cabinet of a project of an article for the regulation of that point; the considerations which induced us afterwards to proceed in the negotiation, founded on the note of the British commissioners of the 8th of November, the nature of which we fully explained; and finally the condition on which we did proceed in the business, that is, that our government would not be bound to ratify the treaty, if it should not be satisfied with the substitute for such an article offered in that note. He asked us, in case the treaty should not be ratified, in what state our government wished to place the relations of the two countries? We replied that it was its wish that the subject of impressment should be resumed and arranged: we explained to him the nature of the article, on the failure of which the negotiation had been suspended, and showed that Great Britain would gain by it much more than an equivalent for the forbearance of the practice of which we complained, independent of the other good effects likely to result from it: On this point he gave no opinion, but asked what the relation should be, in case no such agreement as we desired should take place respecting impressments? We replied that, in such a case, it would be the desire of our government that no treaty should be concluded, but that the relation should be placed informally on the most friendly footing; adhering, in the explanations which we gave him on this head, to the ideas contained in your letter of February 3d, but without mentioning the actual receipt of such a letter. He said he was glad to find, that our government looked in all events, to a amicable arrangement. We told him that we had not heard from you since the treaty had arrived in America; but that full instructions would doubtless be forwarded to us, as soon after that event as possible. He then observed that, under present circumstances, he thought it would be better to let the whole business rest, as it would be impossible for either party to move in it with advantage. He promised, in case the officer above mentioned, brought any thing material, to inform us of it, and to appoint a time for another interview, which however he has not yet done. We enclose a copy of his note of the next day.
It is impossible for us to give you a satisfactory opinion as to the prospect of arranging this important business with the present ministry. All the facts on which such an opinion should be formed, not previously known to you, are stated above. As, however, we are not perfectly aware of the consequences of any act on our part, which might tend to lessen the obligation of this government to ratify the treaty, in case it should be ratified by the president and senate, we have thought it best, (especially as Mr. Canning, after promising us an appointment, has shown no disposition towards another interview) to leave things in their present state until we hear from you. We flatter ourselves that we shall soon have that satisfaction as we see by the gazette, that Mr. Purvis, must have arrived at Washington about the 14th of March. In the mean time we have placed our affairs on a footing the most favorable for any course which our government may take, and we beg you to be assured that we shall, with the utmost zeal and promptitude, adopt that which shall be thought the most expedient.
We have the honor to be, With the highest respect and consideration, Sir, Your most obedient humble servants, JAMES MONROE, WILLIAM PINKNEY.
P. S. We are preparing a letter to you, explanatory of the project of a supplemental convention mentioned above, which will be forwarded in a few days. A copy of the project of the B. commissioners, will be inclosed. It is not our intention to proceed, even if this government should be so disposed, to do anything conclusive upon the subjects embraced by it, until the views of the president shall be known to us relative to such of the topics, as were not contemplated by the instructions originally given to the mission.
LONDON, April 25, 1807.
SIR, We had the honor to inform you in our letter of the 22d inst. that the British commissioners having proposed to us to endeavor to adjust the terms of a supplemental convention relative to boundary, to a trade by sea between the United States and the British northern colonies, and to the subjects reserved for future explanation by the 2d article of our treaty, we had resumed our conferences with them, and had made considerable progress in digesting the plan of such a convention, when the business was interrupted by an entire change of the king's ministers. It is the purpose of this dispatch concisely to explain that negotiation and its objects.
After many interviews, and much discussion, the British commissioners at length presented to us the project of which a copy is now transmitted, differing in many essential particulars from that which had been originally offered on our part.
The first article in our plan, which, like the first article in their project, defined the connecting line between the mouth of the St. Croix, as heretofore settled by commissioners, and the bay of Fundy, was copied from the convention of Mr. King and Lord Hawkesbury, and adopting the ship channel between Deer island and Campo Bello island, first included and then excepted the latter. The British commissioners alleged that the article in that shape accomplished its object by a useless inconsistency; that it gave a line of property and jurisdiction beyond its own views, merely to furnish occasion for an exception of almost equal importance with the whole residue of the subject; and that the navigation of the east passage being secured to the United States by a precise provision, the whole effect of the first article of the convention of 1803, would be produced at once by running the line along the middle of the west passage. They, therefore, proposed an article framed on that principle, to which no objection of any weight has occurred to us. We do not perceive that in substance this article is different from the other, while it is more simple and intelligible in its plan. Even if the commencement of one of the parallel east lines, within which, by the treaty of peace, the United States are entitled to all islands within twenty leagues of any part of our shores (not within the limits of Nova-Scotia) should be admitted to depend upon the channel through which our line from the St. Croix is conducted to the bay of Fundy, it would probably be indifferent to the United States whether the east or the west channel were adopted. Grand Menan seems to be considerably southward of an east line drawn even from West Quoddy Head, and we know of no other island, taking into consideration the exception in the treaty of peace, to the title of which the commencement of that line can now be important.
To the 5th article, regulating our boundary in the north-west, which has encountered much zealous opposition here, even in the form suggested by the British commissioners, from the prejudices, supposed interests, and mistaken view of many persons, an explanation of some of which will be found in an idle paper written by Lord Selkirk, (of which a copy is inclosed) we finally objected, that the division line between our respective territories in that quarter, ought to be drawn from the most north-western point of the lake of the Woods, due north or south, until it shall intersect the parallel of 49 degrees, and from the point of such intersection, due west along, and with that parallel. This was agreed to by the British commissioners. We objected also to the terms defining the extension of the west line, viz. "as far as the territories of the United States extended in that quarter." It appeared to us that by these words a great portion of the subject was in danger of being set at large; that the provision would, perhaps, do no more than establish between the parties the commencement of the line; and might, of course, leave it open to Great-Britain to found a claim hereafter to any part of the tract of country to the westward of that commencement, upon the notions of occupancy or conquest, which you will find stated by Lord Selkirk, in the paper above mentioned, or upon some future purchase from Spain, as intimated by others. We therefore proposed to omit the words in question altogether, which the concluding proviso appeared to render wholly unnecessary, even upon the ideas of the British commissioners. This was not agreed to; but it was said there would be no objection to give to this part of the description a character of reciprocity, so as to make it read "as far as their said respective territories extend in that quarter." A copy is enclosed of our plan of a fifth article, as also of the same article with the description above quoted merely made reciprocal. It is proper to observe in this place that the project of the British commissioners contemplates, what of course had not entered into our plan, a permanent concession, on our part, of access through our territories in the north western quarter, to the river Mississippi, for the purpose of enabling British subjects to enjoy the navigation of that river, as secured to them by the treaty of peace, and the treaty of 1794, and the like access to the rivers falling into the Mississippi from the westward. The desired concession however amounts simply to a right of passage, and is claimed, not only as an equivalent for such a permanent adjustment of boundary as is here thought, or affected to be thought, highly advantageous to us, and injurious to Great-Britain, but (as regards access to the Mississippi) upon this idea, among others, that the treaty of peace, which secures to Great-Britain the free navigation of that river, appears to have looked to it, in common with the treaty of 1763, as overreaching our northern limit, and consequently as being accessible to the British in the territory of the Hudson's Bay. It is probable that this demand, so far as respects the waters falling
into the Mississippi from the westward, would not be persisted in, if no other difficulty should present itself. The 7th article of the project is wholly that of the British commissioners, and proposes to extend, as you were apprised by our letter of the 3d of January, would be attempted by them, for the term of the treaty, the privileges of trade and inland navigation, secured by the 3d article of the treaty of 1794, to the territories of the contracting parties to the north and south of the dividing line established by the 5th article, in other words, to Louisiana and the territories of the Hudson's Bay Company, with the exception only of the actual settlements of that company and their immediate neighborhood. This, if agreed to, must undoubtedly be considered as a concession to Great-Britain; although the proposed arrangement throws open to us for the first time the territories of the Hudson's Bay; although they still insist that their admission into the trade of Louisiana is a necessary consequence of our acquisition of it, coupled with the third article of the treaty of 1794; and although they sometimes intimate that the independent tribes of savages who inhabit that vast region, have a right, have a right to carry on within it their usual traffic with whom they please, and of course to authorise a continuance of the customary British trade to which this article relates; and, if not absolutely to authorise it, at least to give to Great-Britain a claim upon the United States for a recognition of it (especially in connection with the treaty of 1794) upon fair terms and equivalents. We resisted this proposal by every consideration on which it has been stated by you, or has occurred to ourselves. We dwelt particularly upon the high motives of duty and the urgent views of policy, connected with the public tranquility, as suggested by recent facts, or by the state and peculiar population, as far as they were known, of the country to the westward of the Mississippi, as well as by the nature and character of the traffic itself, which were likely to influence our government against any plan, which should admit British, or any other foreign traders, into it. We were not able, however, to produce any disposition to dispense with this demand, and had abundant reason to apprehend that a rejection of it by the United States, would be considered here as an unfriendly act, without an adequate motive, and might prevent the completion of any satisfactory arrangement of the other points embraced by the proposed convention. Still if the consideration of this subject should be resumed, we shall not fail to renew our efforts, whatever may be the prospect of success, to reconcile this government to the failure of this favorite object, unless the instructions we may receive from you should appear to point to a different course.
There is another feature in this article which it is proper to notice. It relates to a subject with which you are already familiar, the mode of calculating the ad valorem duties on goods imported into the U. States, under the third article of the treaty of 1794. The calculation is understood to be made upon the value in Canada, not upon the value at the place of original exportation. This is complained of, not as a hardship merely, but as a plain infringement of the treaty. The object is not perhaps of such value as to make a perseverance in this doubtful practice desirable, and it is certain that the explanation, if made at this time (and if not made now, it will probably be pressed hereafter with increased zeal, as being demanded by good faith,) will be received in this country as the effect of a just and liberal policy towards G. Britain. The remaining provisions of the article in favor of G. Britain are of no importance, and will perhaps be best explained by the enclosed copy of an "extra official communication with regard to the Canada trade," made to us by Lord Holland and Lord Auckland some time ago.
The 8th article of the project relates to a trade by sea, between some port or ports of the British Northern provinces and the U. States, in the vessels of either party. The article is not such as we entirely approve, but connected with an act of parliament, which it was proposed to pass immediately, and of which the draft was shown to us by the British commissioners, it would perhaps go near to accomplish the object of our government. Our project contained an article upon this subject proposing an open trade in native productions, with the same system of duties as is contained in our treaty. We were told that, although well disposed towards our object, it was impossible for the government to venture at present upon a measure striking so plainly and essentially at their colonial system, that with the aid of the good understanding between the two countries, which would grow out of the adjustment of all points of difference, their plan would be found in its practical effect to be nearly, if not altogether as convenient and beneficial to us as our own; and that, by taking a form as little calculated as possible, to alarm the advocates of rigorous monopoly, it was the more likely to become the successful means of introducing more enlightened opinions, and a more liberal practice into the whole colony system of this country.
The 9th article merely prescribes the duration of the commercial articles of the convention.
We ought to add that we had inserted in our project upon the subject of boundary an article relative to Grand Menan, but found it impracticable to retain it: the British commissioners had been induced to believe that Great Britain had been in possession of that island for a great number of years, and that, although this possession might not amount to a title, it was a reasonable ground upon which to presume every thing which constituted tie, so as to make it improper for them to bring it into question.
We argued in vain, that the title to Grand Menan, must depend upon two plain questions of fact, whether, being in twenty leagues of our shores, it was included within the parallel east lines described in the treaty of peace as comprehending the islands which should belong to the United States; and whether, if that should be so, it was at the making of that treaty, or at any time before, within the limits of Nova Scotia; that it was impossible to pretend that the last of these questions could be answered in favor of G. Britain, and that there was strong reason to believe that the answer to the first, would be found to be in favor of the United States: that their possession, such as it was, (alike its precise nature did not appear and ought not to be taken for granted) commenced after the treaty of peace, and could neither give them a title, nor in any fair reasoning, applicable to the claims of sovereign states, justify a presumption of those facts upon which their title must rest; facts which were so easily capable of ascertainment, and which it was the immediate object of our article to ascertain in the same manner as other
disputed facts, relative to boundary, had already been, and again were by this convention proposed to be ascertained. It was reiterated that our title to Moose Island, Frederick Island and Dudley Island in the Bay of Passamaquoddy was under the treaty of peace, of a very questionable kind, and that, even if it should be admitted that their title to Grand Menan was also doubtful, it was but a fair and equitable compromise that, as we were suffered to hold, principally upon the score of possession, three islands to which Great-Britain might make out a claim of considerable strength, she should on her part be suffered to retain, upon the same score of long possession, the only island, not given up to the United States, to which they seemed to think they had any shadow of pretension. We replied by denying that it was at all doubtful that these islands belonged to the United States: but as it was evident that there was no disposition to yield upon the main point, we finally thought it most advisable to forbear to press the subject for the present, and to leave the case of Grand Menan for future adjustment, as an independent case, freed from the disadvantage of this idea of compromise.
We have only to repeat, what is stated in our last, that we do not mean in any event to act conclusively upon the project in question, until the views of the president, relative to such parts of it as were not embraced by our original instructions, shall have been communicated to us. The intimations thrown out towards the end of our dispatch of the 3d of January, may, perhaps, produce such a communication.
We have the honor to be, With the greatest respect and consideration, Sir, Your most obedient humble servants, JAMES MONROE, WILLIAM PINKNEY.
(To be Continued.)
STATE OF VERMONT.
IN GENERAL ASSEMBLY, NOVEMBER 9, 1807. Whereas it becomes the interests of the good People of this and the United States, as far as possible to encourage domestic manufactures, and more especially when the peace of this country is threatened by the nation with whom we have the greatest commercial intercourse; and whereas the most ready method of introducing such manufactures will be to take proper measures to make them fashionable, Therefore,
Resolved, The Governor and Council concerning herein, that it be recommended to the Governor, Members of the Council and House of Representatives, to appear at the next session of the Legislature, clothed in the manufacture of this or some other of the United States.
RALEIGH, (N. C.) May 5.
At the late Superior Court of Buncombe county, a man of the name of West was convicted of murder in shooting Mr. James Craig, a respectable planter of that county, in the evening, as he was returning home from his mill. He was convicted on circumstantial evidence, after a long trial. The jury was for a long time divided; but at length agreed in their verdict, and the man was sentenced for execution on the 6th instant. Since the trial, however, another man is suspected to be the murderer. The deceased was evidently shot with a rifle, as appeared from the ball which was extracted from his body. West is stated to be a poor man, who was never possessed of a rifle. The man now suspected has a rifle which carries a ball of the exact size of that which shot the deceased. No enmity is said to have subsisted betwixt West and Craig; on the contrary, West lived in the family, and was engaged to be married to one of Mr. Craig's daughters. There was a quarrel & a long impending law-suit betwixt the man suspected and the deceased. This affair has produced considerable sensation in Buncombe; and one of the G. Jury, who found the bill against West, felt so much concern lest the innocent should suffer for the guilty, that he procured a petition from a few of his neighbors, & at his own expence, set out for this city, in order to lay the case before the Governor, and, if possible, obtain a respite for West, until the subject can be more completely investigated. He reached here on Thursday last, and his Excellency, after mature consideration, to allow time for this, granted a respite until the 3d of June (which it is supposed, would not arrive in Buncombe until the day appointed for his execution) with an assurance, that except the innocence of West shall, in the mean time, appear so evident as to induce the citizens of the county very generally to petition in his favor, no farther respite would be given.
[Register.]
Gen. Wilkinson has, we are informed, requested that the court of enquiry into his conduct should be again convened for the purpose of receiving further testimony, and his vindication. The General feels justified in this request, as four months have elapsed since the court was appointed, during which time he has courted crimination, and which allowed sufficient time to procure evidence from the most remote parts of the Union.
Wash. Exp.
EUROPE.
From Bell's Weekly Messenger.
STATE PAPER.
AUSTRIAN DECLARATION.
During the war, which was concluded by the peace of Tilsit, his imperial, royal, and apostolic majesty continually endeavored to impress the belligerent powers with the motives which ought to induce them to concur in endeavoring to procure a general peace. The Court of Vienna from that time declared its sentiments to the cabinet of St. James, and the imperial envoy at London, Prince Stahremberg, received formal and pressing instructions; but as the British ministry, in answer to these formal and written communications, declared that its answer must depend on its allies, the salutary propositions of Austria could not be considered as disregarded, and soon after the treaty of Tilsit was concluded, by which the interests of the continent were regulated without the participation of G. Britain. His imperial, royal, and apostolic majesty continued convinced of the utility and of the necessity of a general pacification, and this conviction afforded him new motives for renewing his pressing representations to the court of London. In July, soon after the signing of the peace, Prince Stahremberg again received orders to induce the British ministry to enter into a negotiation with France, in order that the continental peace might be connected with and confirmed by a maritime peace. But these propositions were not more successful than the former, it is said, and the answer of the British ministry was evasive.

His majesty, however, thought it right to return to a subject of the most material influence on the general system of Europe, as well as on the prosperity of the Austrian provinces in particular. Prince Stahrenberg was therefore, for the third time, directed in September 1807, to make some further overtures, connected with the former measures of the court of Vienna. But before his majesty's ambassador had reported the result of his communication, the court of London declared its sentiments with regard to a maritime peace in so positive a manner, refusing, at the same time, the mediation of Russia, making an attack on Copenhagen, and seizing the Danish fleet, without assigning any satisfactory cause for these violent measures; nay, endeavouring to justify those proceedings, their infringement of the unquestionable rights of neutral powers, by official declarations, which evidently clashed with the principles adopted by the other great powers, that it was impossible not to perceive in the course pursued by the British ministers to remove the possibility of place to a greater distance, and not to listen to whatever had any tendency to restore tranquility to Europe. The impression which this conduct destructive of all the hopes which his majesty had fondly conceived made on him, was as deep as it was painful. Without waiting for the farther reports of prince Stahrenberg, orders still more urgent, and more positive, were sent him, than he had before received. The instructions, bearing date the 30th of October, contained, first a recapitulation of all former transactions, and directed him to represent to the cabinet of St. James's in the strongest colours, the unavoidable consequences of its conduct, and to insist in the most earnest manner, on an open declaration of its real sentiments with regard to peace, and to avail himself of all possible means to lead it back to sentiments of moderation fitted for the present situation, and meet the wishes of Europe. The dispatches closed with the precise order, to apply once more on this subject, in an official manner, to his Britannic Majesty's Minister for foreign affairs, and to make to him the formal proposal to enter into negotiations for a maritime peace, on such principles as answered the interest of all the powers concerned, and as provisional proof of his pacific disposition, to desist from the measures pursued against Denmark, and retract the declaration which accompanied them. Should the court of St. James's resist these proposals, or purposely protract giving any answer, Prince Stahrenberg was directed to demand his passports, and leave London, with every person belonging to the embassy.
It was the emperor's will that the above instructions should be restricted to such points of general interest as were most likely to move the British cabinet to receive his proposals with attention and kindness; and if his imperial majesty ordered no complaints to be inserted of the numerous violations of his right, as a neutral power—violations, with regard to which his majesty had not been able to obtain the least redress or compensation—the reasons, no doubt, will be obvious, which induced his majesty to pass by in silence whatever concerned his personal interest.
His imperial majesty's ambassador in London could not execute the positive orders which he received from Vienna to their full extent; but being of opinion that he might yet indulge a hope of being able to prevail on the English ministry to show more pacific sentiments towards France, he resolved to express, at first, part only of his orders in a note, which he addressed to Mr. Canning, on the 20th of November. The secretary of state answered that note, by a mere repetition of the declaration made to Austria by England, since the month of April 1807.
As all father representation was now evidently ineffectual, a final notification was sent on the 22d December to prince Stahrenberg, which repeated the orders of the 30th October, and directed him, before his departure, to give in a note explaining the motives of the conduct of the court of Vienna towards that of London, till prince Stahrenberg had applied for and received his passports, and no longer could have communication with the secretary of state, and deliver in the note which had been transmitted to him. This representation which is confined to the official communications that have passed between the two governments, is sufficient to show that the cabinet of St. James's cannot mistake the causes or the motives which have induced his Apostolic majesty to break off the connections.
The emperor, nevertheless, wishes to see the moment arrive, when the court of London, sensible of its true interest, shall, with calmness and justice, judge of and compare the situation of England with that of other powers, & thereby enable his majesty to renew with it his former friendly connections. Vienna, Feb. 18, 1808.
HOUSE OF COMMONS. MARCH 11. ORDERS IN COUNCIL BILL.
Sir W. Scott maintained the propriety of the orders of council as a general measure. The rights of nations were conventional, or resulting from the law of nature. In either case, they were reciprocal. It was contended that there was a right to attack injustice with injustice. Certainly, the principle of retaliation was a fair principle; but certainly, when the right of attacking the enemy with his own weapons was assumed, the principle of retaliation became a matter of particular discussion and observation. When the right of attacking the enemy with the same weapons he used against us was assumed, he was ready to allow, that the primary provocation to retaliate, made our injustice just. He contended, that our right of self-defence was unlimited. Retaliation and self-defence were the same. The right of self-defence was unlimited. The right and the duty of guarding ourselves was always paramount to all considerations of form. But though he claimed the right of exemption from general principles, where there was a general violation of every principle against us, he allowed that the exemption he claimed ought not to be lightly exercised. Between us and the enemy he allowed every principle of retaliation and hostility was very fair. But when it came to be a question how far neutrals were to be brought in, then it became a question how far neutrals rendered themselves liable by acquiescing in the enemies decree. He allowed and maintained that this country ought not to follow any tri-vial deviation of form. But when questions of grave and serious necessity arise upon the assumed power of France to exclude us from all countries in the world, the acquiescence of neutrals was a most material point. With respect to the enemy we were always at liberty to exercise our right of self-
defence, but when any hostile step was to be taken against neutrals, it became essential to see that there was conduct to provoke it. The acquiescence of neutrals was to be a principle of warranty to our measures of defence, so far as neutrals were to be affected. He contended that sufficient time was allowed to neutrals to resist the first steps to encroachment upon them. Exemptions to the general restriction, he contended, were bribes to induce a decision against the general principle. A general declaration of blockade against the British isles could leave no prospect to those whose interest it was to prevent the violation of the blockade. He came now to the application of his general principles. The general principle of the blockade of the British isles was known, and so was the general prohibition of the foreign trade of Britain. The interruption of that trade would of course afford room for a general penalty—He contended that the explanation of General Decrees was an acquiescence. The policy of these questions was a matter of mere abstract consideration, and he hoped no exception would be made against them. He hoped they would be looked upon as steps greatly short of what might have been taken. Mr. Madison, in his paper, published an apprehension of greater advantage than was claimed or intended to be claimed. Dr. Lawrence did not disagree from the speech of his right honorable friend. It was true that the principle of retaliation was a fair one; but he contended it could be maintained without material sacrifices. He argued at great length against the measure, and particularly against his right honorable friend's speech.
Mr. Stephens in a most able and animated speech, which seemed to make a strong impression on the House, asserted the necessity which called for the orders in council; a necessity, in his opinion, so imperious, that it would have justified measures even of a more extensive nature. Mr. Ponsonby argued, that the orders were absurd and incapable of being carried into execution.
Table with 2 columns: General Junot's division, General Dupont's division, General Mancey's division, Total. Values include 29,379 Inf., 3,653 Cav., 23,927 Inf., 3,121 Cav., 17,983 Inf., 3,330 Cav., 71,289 Inf., 10,104 Cav.
The division of marshal Mancey will amount to 30,000 men, including the reserve under the command of General Mouton, at St. Juan Pie de Puerto. St. Ubes, which was garrisoned by 8000 Spanish troops, has been occupied by a French Corps and the Spaniards ordered into the interior of Estremadura. The revenue of France at present amounts to between 30 and 40 millions sterling, and the subjects pay in the aggregate, about 33 per cent. The taxes are chiefly levied on windows, individuals, door-ways, sign-boards, furniture, and working patents, without which no one is permitted to manufacture in any way; the Custom-house duties, which used to contribute greatly to the national supplies, are now greatly deficient of their accustomed produce. The annual consumption of food in Paris is stated at 238,640,000 francs, or about 10,776,000l. and one-sixth part of the population of that capital are classed as paupers.
ENQUIRER OFFICE, MAY 14, 1808. THE SPIRIT OF '74.
No document can be more appropriate to the present times, than that which is now submitted to our readers. That document sprang out of times of great public convulsion, when the atrocious injustice of England was let loose upon us; & when injuries were wafted on every breeze. The present too is a crisis of suffering and for resistance. The iniquity of Europe is once more to be exhausted upon us. Every sea is scoured for booty, and Great Britain every where addresses in the emphatic language of her supremacy: "Stop, naval traveler, whatever be your nation; for you move only by my permission." My ambition stands for law upon the most distant seas; and as long as I remain in war, you are doomed to a state of deprivation and of suffering.
In 1774, the fathers of our republic determined to resist rather than submit to injustice. In spite of the remaining ties which bound them to the parent country, in spite of all the daily comforts which they drew from her manufactures, they nobly determined to resign all these enjoyments on the altar of their country. They resolved to abandon the use of British manufactures and to encourage those of their own country. In 1808, our government has made the same solemn appeal to the patriotism of our countrymen. To rescue our property from the hands of licensed pirates, to save our national honor from the reproach of the universe, and to preserve us from war, it has asked of us to bear for a time the evils of the embargo. Is there a man, the least gifted with patriotic feeling, that will not cheerfully acquiesce in the inconveniences of a measure, so powerfully recommended by every consideration of honor, of interest, and of prudence? Is there a man who would not now blush for the name of an American, if the embargo were removed before the substance of the late British orders was repealed? If there be such a man, let him as he reads the following paper, candidly confess, that his bosom has not inlierited the spirit of his fathers!
* From an American pamphlet. A very full meeting of DELEGATES from the different Counties in the Colony and Dominion of Virginia, began in Williamsburg the first day of August, in the year of our Lord, 1774, and continued by several adjournments, to Saturday the 6th of the same Month, the following ASSOCIATION was unanimously resolved upon and agreed to. [After some prefatory remarks which might have been expected from that Era, but do not suit our's, the Subscribers proceed:] If, by the measures adopted, some unhappy consequences and inconveniences should be derived to our fellow subjects, whom we wish not to injure in the smallest degree, we hope, and flatter ourselves, that they will impute them to their real cause; the hard necessity to which we are driven.
That the good people of this colony may, on so trying an occasion, continue steadfastly directed to their most essential interests, in hope that they will be influenced and stimulated by our example to the greatest industry, the strictest economy, and frugality, and the exertion of every public virtue, persuaded that the merchants, manufacturers, and other inhabitants of Great-Britain, and above all, that the British parliament will be convinced how much the true interest of that kingdom must depend on the restoration and continuance of that mutual friendship and cordiality, which so happily subsisted between us, we have unanimously, and with one voice, entered into the following resolutions and association, which we do oblige ourselves, by those sacred ties of honor and love to our country, strictly to observe, and farther declare, before God & the World that we will religiously adhere to and keep the same inviolate in every particular, until redress of all such American grievances, as may be defined and settled at the general congress of delegates from the different colonies, shall be fully obtained, or until this association shall be abrogated or altered by a general meeting of the deputies of this colony, to be convened, as is herein after directed. And we do, with the greatest earnestness, recommend this our association, to all gentlemen, merchants, traders and other inhabitants of this colony, hoping that they will cheerfully and cordially accede thereto.
1st. We do hereby resolve and declare that we will not, either directly or indirectly, after the 1st day of November next, import from Great-Britain, any goods, wares or merchandizes, whatever (medicines excepted) nor will we, after that day, import any British manufactures, either from the West-Indies, or any other place, nor any article whatever, which we shall know, or have reason to believe, was brought into such countries from Great-Britain; nor will we purchase any such articles, so imported, of any person or persons whatsoever, except such as are now in the country, or such as may arrive on or before the said 1st day of November, in consequence of orders already given, and which cannot now be countermanded in time.
2dly. We will neither, ourselves import, nor purchase any slave or slaves, imported by any person after the 1st day of November next, either from Africa, the West-Indies, or any other place.
3dly. Considering the article of Tea as the detestable instrument, which laid the foundation of the present sufferings of our distressed friends in the town of Boston, we view it with horror, and therefore resolve that we will not, from this day, either import Tea of any kind whatever, nor will we use or suffer even such of it as is now on hand to be used in any of our families.
4thly. If the inhabitants of the town of Boston, or any other colony, should, by violence or dire necessity, be compelled to pay the East-India company for destroying any Tea, which they have lately by their agents unjustly attempted to force into the colonies, we will not, directly or indirectly, import or purchase any British East-India commodity whatever, till the company or some other person, on their behalf, shall refund and fully restore to the owners all such sum or sums of money as may be so extorted.
5thly. We do resolve, that unless American grievances are redressed before the 10th day of August, 1775, we will not, after that day, directly or indirectly, export tobacco or any other article whatever, to Great-Britain; nor will we sell any such article as we think can be exported to Great-Britain with a prospect of gain, to any person or persons whatever, with a design of putting it into his or their power to export the same to Great-Britain, either on our own, his or their account. And that this resolution may be the more effectually carried into execution, we do hereby recommend it to the inhabitants of this colony to refrain from the cultivation of tobacco as much as conveniently may be, and in lieu thereof, that they will, as we resolve to do, apply their attention and industry to the cultivation of all such articles as may form a proper basis for manufactures of all sorts, which we will endeavor to encourage throughout this colony to the utmost of our abilities.
6thly. We will endeavor to improve our breed of sheep, and encrase their number to the utmost extent, and to this end, we will be as sparing as we conveniently can in killing of sheep, especially those of the most profitable kind; and if we should at any time be overstocked, or can conveniently spare any, we will dispose of them to our neighbors, especially the poorer sort of people, upon moderate terms.
7thly. Resolved, That the merchants and other vendors of goods and merchandizes within this colony, ought not to take advantage of the scarcity of goods that may be occasioned by this association, but that they ought to sell the same at the rates they have been accustomed to for twelve months last past, and if they shall sell any such goods on higher terms, or shall in any manner, or by any device whatever, violate or depart from this resolution, we will not, and are of opinion that no inhabitant of this colony ought, at any time thereafter, to deal with any such persons, their factors, or agents, for any commodity whatever, and it is recommended to the deputies of the several counties, that committees be chosen in each county by such persons as accede to this association to take effectual care that these resolves be properly observed, and for corresponding occasional with the general committee of correspondence in the city of Williamsburg. Provided, that if exchange should rise, such advance may be made in the prices of goods as shall be approved by the committee of each county.
8thly. In order the better to distinguish such worthy merchants and traders, who are wellwishers to this colony, from those who may attempt, through motives of self-interest to obstruct our views, we do hereby resolve that we will not after the first day of November next, deal with any merchant or trader who will not sign this association, nor until he hath obtained a certificate of his having done so from the county committee, or any three members thereof. And if any merchant, trader or other person, shall import any goods or merchandize after the said first day of November, contrary to this association, we give it as our opinion, that such goods and merchandize should be either forthwith re-shipped or delivered up to the county committee, to be stored at the risk of the importer, unless such importer shall give a proper assurance to the said committee that such goods or merchandizes shall not be sold within this colony during the continuance of this association; and if such importer shall refuse to comply with one or the other of these terms, upon application and due caution given to him or her, by the said committee, or
any three members thereof, such committee is required to publish the truth of the case in the Gazette, and in the county where he or she resides, and we will thereafter consider such person or persons as inimical to this country, and break off every connection & all dealings with them.
9thly. Resolved, That if any person or persons shall export tobacco, or any other commodity, to Great-Britain, after the 10th day of August, 1775, contrary to this association, we shall hold ourselves obliged to consider such person or persons as inimical to the community, and as an approver of American grievances; and give it as our opinion that the public should be advertised of his conduct, as in the 8th Article is desired.
10thly. Being fully persuaded that the united wisdom of the general congress may improve these our endeavors to preserve the rights and liberties in British America, we decline enlarging at present, but do hereby resolve, that we will conform to, and strictly observe, all such alterations or additions, assented to by the delegates for this colony, as they may judge it necessary to adopt, after the same shall be published and made known to us.
11thly. Resolved, That we think ourselves called upon, by every principle of humanity and brotherly affection, to extend the utmost and speediest relief to our distressed fellow subjects in the town of Boston, and therefore most earnestly recommend it to all the inhabitants of this colony to make such liberal contributions as they can afford; to be collected and remitted to Boston, in such manner as may best answer so desirable a purpose.
12thly. and lastly. Resolved, That the moderator of this meeting, and in case of his death, Robert Carter Nicholas, Esq., be empowered, on any future occasion, that may in his opinion require it, to convene the several Delegates of this Colony, at such time and place as he may judge proper; and, in case of the death or absence of any delegate, it is recommended that another be chosen in his place.
PEYTON RANDOLPH, MODERATOR.
Ro. C. Nicholas, Richard Hardy, *Richard Bland, *Joseph Jones, *Richard Henry Lee, *William Fitzhugh, *Geo. Washington, George Brooke, *Benjamin Harrison, George Lyne, *Edmund Pendleton, *Carter Braxton, *Patrick Henry, jun., William Aylett, Southey Simpson, James Selden, Isaac Smith, Charles Carter, *J. Walker, *Francis Peyton, *Thomas Jefferson, Thomas Walker, John Tabb, Thomas Pettus, John Winn, Edmund Berkeley, William Cabell, James Montague, Joseph Cabell, Robert Burton, Frederick Maclin, Bennett Goode, *Henry Tazewell, Lemuel Riddick, *Henry Bell, Benjamin Baker, R. Rutherford, Burwell Bassett, William Acfill, B. Dandridge, P. Carrington, Thomas Newton, jr., James Speed, James Holt, Archibald Cary, Adiel Milby, B. Watkins, John Bowdoin, Henry Pendleton, Peter P. Thornton, Henry Field, jun., Rodham Kenner, *William Fleming, *Thomas Barbour, John Mayo, William Bibb, Robert Bolling, John Morton, *John Banister, Peter Poythress, Francis Slaughter, William Robinson, Henry King, Christopher Wright, Worlich Westwood, Henry Lee, James Edmondson, T. Blackburn, W. Roan, Robt. Wormley Carter, *Meriwether Smith, *Francis L. Lee, Charles Broadwater, Edwin Gray, Thomas Marshall, Henry Taylor, James Scott, jr., George Stubblefield, Isaac Zane, *Mann Page, jr., George Rootes, John Alexander, Lewis Burwell, C. Carter, Tios. M. Randolph, Allen Cocke, John Woodson, Nicholas Faulcon, jr., Nathaniel Terry, David Mason, Micajah Watkins, Michael Blow, *James Mercer, William Harwood, J. Syme, William Langhorne, Richard Adams, Richard Lee, Samuel Du-Val, Dudley Digges, William Norvell, *Thomas Nelson, jr., John S. Wills, *Champion Travis, John Day, Joseph Hutchings, N. B. Those marked thus, * have been members of Congress—and those marked thus † are living, June, 1807.
We understand that the President of the U. S. in his letter of May 6, addressed to the Governors of Orleans, Georgia, S. Carolina, Massachusetts and New-Hampshire, (referred to in Mr. Gallatin's letter of instructions) observes, That the evasions of the preceding embargo laws went so far towards defeating their objects, and chiefly vessels clearing out coastwise, that congress, by their act of April 25, authorised the absolute detention of all vessels bound coastwise with cargoes, exciting suspicions of an intention to evade those laws; that there being few towns on our sea coast which cannot be supplied with flour from their interior country, shipments of flour become generally suspicious and proper subjects of detention; that is one of the few places on our sea-board, which need supplies of flour by sea, for its own consumption; and that, in order it may not suffer by the cautions we are obliged to use, the President requests of his Excellency, whenever he deems it necessary, that his present or any future stock should be enlarged, to take the trouble of giving his certificate in favor of any merchant in whom he has confidence, directed to the Collector of any port, usually exporting flour from which he may choose to bring it, for any quantity which the Governor may deem necessary for consumption, beyond his interior supplies, inclosing to the Secretary of the Treasury at the same time, a duplicate of the certificate, as a check of the falsification of the Governor's certificate; and that in this way a supply of the real wants of our citizens may be supplied, and at the same time those wants may be prevented from being used as a cover for the violations of the laws by unprincipled adventurers.
It appears, that Gen. Moreau passed thro' Savannah and Charleston, on his way to the North. The NORTHERN MAIL has not arrived for the two last days.—The Stage has probably been detained by the high freshes.
MARRIED—On Saturday the 7th instant, by the Rev. John Courtney, Mr. NICHOLAS LONG to the amiable Miss ELIZABETH WILLIAMSON, daughter of G. Williamson, Esq. of this City.
WANTED TO HIRE, a good Cook, Washer and Ironer, in a small family—Enquire at the Office of the ENQUIRER. May 14. (law 6f)
FOR THE ENQUIRER. PINDARIC ODES. ODE III. TO MISTER CHAMPAGNY'S LETTER.
At length, terrific letter, art thou come! Dear Timmy Pickering's little drum! O! precious nobb for the Feds to ride! Well! let me read thee, stranger from afar, Sad harbinger, 'tis said, of death and war— Full of raw heads and bloody bones beside! But yet, O wicked letter, how I read thee! Upon my soul, I've scarcely strength to read thee! 'Tis done—I've read thee o'er! And find but little more Than what I should have known. Lord, what a Fool! With anger almost, I could burn my wing! Great cry, indeed, but very little wool— So said the Devil, when he shaved the pig, And now dear Feds and Quids before ye, Pray let me lay this pretty little story. A man went every day to shoot at patridges, Expending many a pound in shot and cartridges, Yet ne'er a bird killed he, or e'en caught near 'em! Sblood, quoth a friend one morning, neighbor, tell, What makes you shoot so oft? Ye nothing kill! Ay! says the man, but then I don't I scare 'em! Whiz! whiz! they fly, as far as e'er I sight 'em! Yes—body O me! but I'mazing fright 'em! 'Tis so, dear gentlemen, with you, In serious things like those I never joke; That oft ye fight us with a noise, is true, But then, it seldom ends in aught but smoke! Letter for you! go back to grum Monsieur, Tell him we did not hurt, or even scou ye! Then softly whisper in his royal ear, 'Remember how, O king, ye get your coffee! For if you rob those people of their ships, Another drop thro' them, don't greet your lips; Moreover Sire! the whole united tribes, Shrink back with strong disgust from Gallic bribes.' And say, 'We free and independent are, And know ourselves best, when we are at war.' SEDLEY.
DIED—At his seat in the town of Tappahannock, on the 20th April, JOSEPH DOXTER, a short, linsas. He has left a disconsolate widow, and a large circle of acquaintances to lament his loss. He was a sincere friend, a kind master, and an affectionate husband—benevolent and charitable in the highest degree—Nor will his memory be forgotten by any of those who had the pleasure of his acquaintance. Although he suffered extremely in his last illness, he manifested the same Christian patience & resignation, which had been a prominent feature of his character, thro' all the difficulties of human life. No man ever filled in a more exemplary way the various duties of life; unassuming and plain in his manners. Although not more than fifteen years old at the beginning of the Revolution, he boldly espoused the cause of America, and to right in her cause, and continued through life a true Republican. All panegyric would fall short of doing his memory justice suffice it to say, few men ever lived more beloved, or died, more sincerely regretted. He is gone where the wicked cease from troubling, and the weary are at rest. "With songs let us follow his flight— And mount with his Spirit above; "Escaped to the mansions of light— And lodged in the Eden of love."
COMMUNICATION.
"Beside the couch, Death took his patient stand, "And menaced off, and oft withheld the blow." Yesterday departed this life, after a long and painful illness, ADAM CRAIG, Esq. of this City, in the 49th year of his age. He was a man of distinguished reputation and integrity, and equally respected in every walk of life—Altho' far from being a man of luminous talents, he possessed a clear and solid understanding, actively devoted to his country and the cause of humanity; the happiness and improvement of his fellow-men. For 25 years he was a public officer. To record with precision the virtues of his mind, the philanthropy of his heart, or his usefulness in society, would be, to insult the judgment of all who knew him. If we search our municipal records, we shall see him sustaining and discharging the most important and arduous public duties, with honor to himself and benefit to his country—If we look into the temples dedicated to the most high, we shall there view the strong and numerous marks of his charity and benevolence—But if we explore the bosoms of the indigent and distressed, the widow and the orphan, we shall see those lively emotions which emphatically say—Our friend and our supporter is gone. The pen of the ready writer may do honor to his services and to his memory—But the sorrow of every description of his friends and fellow-men will be better testimony to his character and worth, than the sublimest effusions of the most polished writers. He has left a widow and six amiable children to deplore his loss—and when the keen sensibility of the passions shall subside, they will have this consolation, that their relation not only lived respected, but died universally regretted. May 12th, 1808.
MISCELLANY. INTERESTING EXPERIMENTS.
A letter from a gentleman in London to his friend in this town, announces an important discovery respecting Potash, which has generally been considered a simple substance, by the most laborious chemists; at least they never were able to analyze it. Many experiments have been made on this salt by chemists of Sweden, France and England of the first respectability, without effect. It has continued, however, a subject of experiment from its relation to other substances that have been analyzed. Mr. Davy, of London, celebrated for his experiments on the Gases, undertook to try the effects of the Galvanic fluid on some pure Potash, moistened with water, on a plate of platinum. The result was, a disengagement of Oxygen, leaving a Globule, which possessed many properties of a metal, though specifically lighter than water—At the temperature of 40 deg. of Fahrenheit's Thermometer, it was exceedingly ductile—at 60 deg. it began to liquify, and such was its avidity for Oxygen, that it took fire and reproduced Potash; its affinity for Oxygen is so strong, that Mr. Davy is obliged to keep the Globule in Naphtha to prevent the absorption. Another important discovery has been made in Anatomy, and relates to the Spleen, whose use has been hitherto obscure. Mr. Home, Surgeon in London, has demonstrated, that one of its uses is to convey superfluous fluids from the stomach to the Viscera Urinaria, in a more rapid and direct way, than by the kidneys. Papers on both these subjects have been read before the Royal Society. Further information shall be sent you as soon as possible. Should these discoveries be verified, and no useful effects result chemists will be gratified, by understanding the nature of a substance, that has always baffled their efforts. Medical men will be satisfied with a subject respecting the Animal Economy, that has been treated in the sudden evacuation, from a disorder of Liquids, taken into the stomach.

DOCUMENTS
Laid before the House of Representatives of the United States, by Mr. Clark of N. Orleans, on the 25th of April last, and ordered to be printed.
No I.
Translation of a letter from Thomas Power to Don Thomas Portel, commandant of New-Madrid, dated June 27th, 1796, at New-Madrid.
Having received verbal instructions from Mr. James Wilkinson, the American general, to take charge of the money, which by a letter he received from the Secretary of the government, D. Andres Armesito, under date the 7th or 8th March last, of which I was bearer, he has advised, is deposited in this post, and being informed by the official letter which you have received on this business from the governor general of this province, of which, you will be pleased to furnish me a copy, that said money is not to be delivered without an express order from the said Mr. Wilkinson. I find myself forced to relate circumstantially, some particulars to smooth and remove the difficulty which the want of a written order on the part of the aforesaid General Wilkinson presents. Although this relation may appear an abuse of the confidence with which the governor general of the province, and the governor of Natchez, and particularly Gen. Wilkinson have honored me, I am persuaded that the urgency of the case which offers, will serve me as an excuse and justification. You are not ignorant of the fact, that Don Manuel Gavoso de Lemos, being here in the month of September, of the year last past, he intrusted to me some dispatches of the greatest importance for General Wilkinson, which I carried to Cincinnati, and returned with the answers in the month of November. By order of the said Don Manuel Gavoso, I made immediately another journey in the Ohio, and I ascended it to the Red Banks, in search of Mr. Sebastian, who came with me to the Ohio, where we met with the governor of Natchez. At the end of December, I accompanied this gentleman to Natchez, and I went thence to New-Orleans. The principal object of my going down, was to take charge, by order of Gen. Wilkinson, of the money which you have now in deposit for him, which is shown by the letters which he wrote to the governor of this province and of Natchez; but at my arrival, the money had been sent off in one of his majesty's galleys for this place, which I learned from the baron de Carondelet, the intendant, and Don Andres de Armesito. I repeatedly [converses] on this business with the two last of these persons, urging forcibly the necessity of sending sugar, coffee and powder to New-Madrid to form a cargo to take to Kentucky with Wilkinson's money, hiding by this means, the true intention of the voyage, and giving it the appearance of a commercial speculation. All this, Wilkinson had before represented as indispensable, for many reasons, particularly in order to avoid a misfortune similar to that which had already occurred. At last, the Secretary told me, that the barge in which Mr. Aaron Gregg, the American officer, was to go up, was destined for this service, and that as for the crew, he would permit me to choose among the Creoles, residents in this post, those who might appear to me most worthy of confidence; so that I left New-Orleans, with the belief that at my return to this post, I should find every thing disposed conformable to what I have just related. On arriving at Greenville, I informed General Wilkinson of the steps I had no doubt, had been taken, from whence has resulted, that he like myself was impressed with the belief that all the measures for executing this service with success, had been taken. I cannot communicate all the motives why Wilkinson has not given me an order in writing; but one of them was, that he did not know the sum of money which you had to deliver to his order, the Governor not having written a word to him on the subject—the Secretary only saying that his money was deposited in New-Madrid, without expressing the sum. In the letters in cypher from General Wilkinson for the governors, which are here inclosed, he tells them, that he has sent me to bring the aforesaid money, informing me that the number 1 is for the governor general of the province, and the number 2 for Don Manuel Gayoso. I will add, that General Wilkinson, when I represented to him, that on presenting myself without his order in writing, some difficulty might arise, authorized me, if the case required it, to write an order that you should deliver his money, specifying the sum there might be, signing it in his name, and giving you a receipt therefore. I cannot omit, that the commission of Gen. Wilkinson was so sudden, so urgent, that it was extended even to limiting my return to my destination by the 1st of August, of which I advise you, that you may endeavor not to delay the service. I believe that the governor general is not ignorant of the embarrassments of Gen. Wilkinson, nor can he be ignorant, that for a long time past, he has been expecting this money, the delay of which has been the cause of much trouble to him, involving him in great difficulties; and I can assure you, confidently, that he will be very much disgusted with any delays in the expedition, which might be productive of serious injury. As for the mode of carrying the money, it is evident that to take it openly, would be too scandalous a thing, if it were not to say madness! The unhappy result of the expedition of the unfortunate Henry Owen, ought to serve us a beacon, in order not to lose ourselves on the same rock, and to make us take another course less dangerous. I would wish to put a bag of one thousand dollars in a barrel of coffee or sugar, so that although the difference of the respective gravity, between silver, sugar and coffee, be very great, the quantity being so small, it would not be easily known. It will likewise be prudent to carry some barrels without money, in order to sell them before arriving at Cincinnati, if it should so happen that any one would offer to buy these goods—because not to sell them when it might be done to advantage, would excite suspicion; and to communicate the disguise, it would be well to take a certain quantity of powder and rum. If these dispositions should appear defective, I beg you may make such changes, as may be to your mind.
THOMAS POWER.
Translation of a letter from Don Thomas Power to Mr. Thomas Portel, dated New-Madrid, June 27th, 1796.
Having well considered the contents of your letter of this day, I mention that I agree in every thing to the whole of the reflections you place before me, and although at first sight, it appears that I ought to avail myself of the decision of the governor general as he prescribes to me in his official letter of the 29th January, of the present year, and of which, I enclose you a copy which you requested of me, the circumstances which you expose are such, that they leave me nothing more to do than to tell you, to forward me a memorandum of the number of pounds of coffee, sugar, barrels in which to fill the powder and rum, you desire for your expedition, because so soon as I receive it, I will get it ready as you desire, informing you that for the merchandise, you must sign my acknowledgement of having received it, &c. and for the money a receipt, as the attorney of Gen. Wilkinson.
In order that the barge may be ready as you may want, I have written official letter to the Lt. Col. Don Vincent Folch that he may send it as soon as possible, because as nothing was said to me of what you have now mentioned respecting it, Mr. Francis Laughton asked it of me for an affair of service, and took it loaded with coin to the fort of San Fernando, and it has not been returned, although I have required it, thinking it might be wanted here, Don Vincent Folch having assured me, that if I had not orders to keep it, there were none to return it. The two letters in cypher remain in my hands, which I shall forward by the first safe opportunity with the distinction you point out, No. 1. to the governor-general, and No. 2. to governor of Natchez.
As for packing the money and arranging the barrels; as soon as they are ready, between you and myself all this may be done without any one else acquiring a knowledge of it. God preserve you many years. New-Madrid, 27th June 1796. THOMAS PORTEL, To Don Thomas Power.
General Wilkinson's secret instructions to Power, in the hand writing of P. Nolan, Gen. Wilkinson's agent.
To proceed to Gallipolis, to make application and proposition to the leading characters there, to induce them to move to New-Madrid, with all the French of the settlement; to urge this point in such measure as to attract the attention of the public officers there, whose report to the executive will immediately follow, and will account for his frequent mission to take place; to return as rapidly as possible to that with flour and proceed, without a moment's delay to New-Orleans, in the route to see Newman, and to enter on the subject of his desertion; to inform him of the facts which have transpired, and the opinions prevalent; to urge his return at the request of all his friends; to assure him of safety, and of such rewards as he may demand. Also, that being pardoned for the imputed offence, no further process can lie against him for the same, that the oath which he was sworn to take, being made while in —, is in itself a nullity, and cannot be offered in crimination of him; it will be necessary that he should take down his examination, founded upon the interrogations furnished him, and if they prove material to the examination of Wayne and his associates, then he must embark N—n under a fictitious name, at N. O. for Philadelphia, and having arrived there, must lodge him in some retired place, and call upon me under cover of the night—for further advice, you will hear of me at. If N—n cannot be prevailed upon to return under dispositions favorable to my views, then let his declaration on oath be circumstantially taken to all the points enumerated in the interrogations, in the presence of Dr. Howers, Col. Bruin, Daniel Clark, or any three or four of the most notorious respectable Americans of the Natchez district; let these gentlemen certify to two copies and to the original, and let them be transmitted to me through different channels; P. to take charge of the original. Mr. P. must take with him credentials from the government of Louisiana acquitting him of any political connexion or agency injurious or hostile to the interest of the United States. He must carry to Philadelphia testimonials of his family and character, addressed to as many of the native respectable merchants of that city as possible; these may be readily procured from New-Orleans and Havana. It is indispensable that P. should meet me in Philadelphia; for the rest, let him rely on my friendship and address: To collect from Bradford every information respecting the Pittsburgh—, which may be employed, should it be found necessary to disgrace certain persons: to bear no faster upon him, which carries my name upon it.
Employ the 640 dollars avec la cargaison to pay expenses and lay in a cargo of best flour—pour la ville—where it will help to reimburse. In making your settlement, take care to secure me the 640 dollars advanced, and bring them with you. I have urged peremptorily the necessity of your presence at the metropolis, bring me N—n if upon examination you find his presence of more consequence than his deposition when taken as directed—I believe he was caused to desert by Ohara, probe him to that point—you are to bring papers, but my name is not to be written or spoken. You must do the needful below to expose and detect past treachery or indiscretion, and to prevent either in future; I have referred particularly on this head. I shall expect you impatiently. Should I continue where I am, I shall wish you near me—if I cross the water, you are to accompany. Bring every credential of family and fortune to repulse the insinuations of — trust something to my address, and put faith in my honor and affections to the grave.
(Documents to be continued)
TUITITION OF YOUNG LADIES.—Mrs. BARBOUR, who has lately become a resident of Richmond, proposes on the 1st of May to open a School for the tuition of Young Ladies, in the house lately occupied by Mr. Warden; in a very healthy and agreeable part of this City. She will teach Reading, Writing, Arithmetic & the English Grammar—Her price for these will be eight dollars per quarter, payable in advance.
Likewise the Elements of Natural Philosophy, Natural History, History of Nations, Geography and Bella Lettres, at $3.12 and fifty cents per quarter, and in advance.
Young Ladies will also be boarded—the price for tuition, boarding and washing will be one hundred and sixty dollars a year, payable quarterly and in advance. Mrs. Barbour will zealously and arduously devote her whole attention to her School, and if she meets with sufficient encouragement, her plan will be enlarged, and proper persons will be employed to teach music, drawing, the French language, and other branches of polite and useful education. Those who may be dissatisfied with the progress of their children, will be at liberty to withdraw them at any time. Richmond, April 19. (Law3w)
THE TAPPANOCK RACES will commence on Wednesday the 25th of May, 1808.
1st DAY.—The Jockey Club Purse of four hundred dollars, four mile heats. 2d DAY.—The Jockey Club Purse of three hundred dollars, three mile heats. 3d DAY.—A Sweepstakes for three years old Colts and Fillies, two mile heats, fifty dollars entrance; the subscription will remain open until the 25th May. Weights as follows.—Aged horses 130lbs. 6 years old 120lbs. 5 do. 110lbs. 4 do. 100lbs. 3 do. 80lbs. under three years, a feather. Mares and Geldings allowed 3lbs. In consequence of the following resolution of the Club, there is no doubt the members will be punctual in paying their subscription, as the money on each day will be placed in the hands of the Judges. Resolved, That the Secretary shall have the Rules of the Club printed and furnish each member with a copy, and that a list of the members shall be handed to the Club on the first day of each race, to be read in the dining room, stating who has and who has not paid their subscription. ARTHUR S. BROCKENBROUGH, Secretary and Treasurer. N. B. The entrance money in the Sweepstakes is reduced in consequence of sundry applications to the Secretary. March 25. [ept25thM]
JUST PUBLISHED, and for sale at S. Grantland's Printing Office, opposite Dr. Duvall's Medicine Store, MILITARY TACTICS, or THE SOLDIER'S COMPANION.—Teaching how to form companies—with directions for the formation and exercise of a battalion and regiment, and the various forms of reports, &c. Likewise, evolutions for the Cavalry and Artillery, with explanations and improvements upon Baron Steuben—By SAMUEL J. WINSTON, Brigade Inspector for the second Brigade. Subscribers will receive their Books at the Printing Office of Seaton Grantland, where they are requested to call or send for them. May 3. (3w)
FOR SALE, 121,000 acres of LAND in Kenawha county, in the forks of Great Sandy river; 24,000 do. in Tazewell county, on the waters of Clinch river; 20,000 do. in the county of Wythe, on Reed and Peak creeks; 1,000 do. in Randolph county, on the waters of Cheat river; Also, 30,000 acres of Virginia Land Warrants. The above will be sold very low, and great accommodation given in the payments. To RENT, a Brick House, on Shockoe-Hill, in a good neighborhood, and possessing every accommodation for a family. THOS: NORVELL. Dec. 19. (1f.)
THE HEALING SPRINGS, situated in the lower end of Louisa County and but thirty miles from Richmond, will be in readiness on the 1st of June next for the accommodation of boarders. The medicinal virtues of those waters have been proved in a great variety of instances; they derive their name from the power they possess of healing most kinds of eruptions, and it is believed, that in bilious cases they have never failed to afford relief. There are several small houses detached from the main building, intended for single families, who may apply in time, and the terms for board will be six dollars a-week. Healing Springs, Louisa, May 3. (1f.)
SIMPSON MORRIS, opposite the Eagle Tavern, respectfully informs the public that he still continues selling off under cost and charges till the whole of the stock is sold and wishes the public not to lose this opportunity as goods are daily raising.—The stock consists of the following articles, viz: 7-8 and 4-4 Irish Linen, Kenting, Linen and Cotton Cambrics, a large assortment of India & British Muslin, corded and cambric Dimity, a large assortment of silk & cotton Hose, ladies silk Gloves, Damask Silk, Shawls, Black twilled Saracens, Florentine silk, printed Calico, Linen & Cotton Chequies, linen & cotton Cambric hks. white & Black French laces, white and colored Marseilles and Janes, India Cotton and Wildboar, Bennet's patent Cord, Cassimere, Broad Cloth, Flannels, Dressing Boxes, and a number of other articles too tedious to enumerate. April 5. ep2m.
FOR RENT.—A three story brick HOUSE, on the east side of the street leading by Messrs. Gordon, Trokes & Co.'s to Shockoe warehouse:—This tenement has a store and counting room on the first floor with a large cellar underneath, and six commodious rooms above, together with a brick kitchen and yard adjoining thereto: Also, a wooden frame House, being the second building above Messrs. Ellis and Allan's and nearly opposite to the City Hotel. This tenement is in an airy situation, and has been occupied for fifteen years past as a merchant taylor's shop. Possession may be had immediately of either of the above tenements—to further particulars enquire of the subscriber, or, in absence, of Samuel McCraw, Esq. ROBERT MEANS. May 6. [1f.]
HANOVER JOCKEY CLUB.—The Races will commence at Hanover Court-House, on the 4th Thursday in this present month. 1st DAY.—Three mile heats, free for any horse, mare or gelding: 2d DAY.—Two mile heats, also free for any horse, mare or gelding. The regulations with respect to weights, &c. are adopted from those of the Fairhill Jockey Club. The Secretary of the Club. May 6. (6t)
REMOVAL.—We have removed our Counting House to the House immediately below and contiguous to the one we have hitherto occupied, where we have for sale, Muscovado Sugar by the hhd. or bbl. Sherry Wine in quarter casks, and a few cases old Claret, of superior quality. ROBERT & ALLAN POLLOCK & Co. March 8. (epf)
FOR SALE.—30 ton country and Swedes Iron assorted, 2 ton Nail Rods, a few hds. Northern Whiskey, and a few Bales prime, Cotton. Likewise, just receiving 27,000 weight of choice Bacon, among which are 750 hams—All of which we will dispose of on reasonable terms, for cash or a short credit. RUSSELL & WALLACE, Left corner of street leading to Byrd's Warehouse. April 22. [ep1m]
BY virtue of a deed of trust executed to the subscribers by Robert and George Turner, and Ann the wife of the said George, duly recorded in the Hustings Court of Richmond; made to secure the payment of fifteen hundred dollars, to Daniel Couch, according to the terms of said deed: Will be sold by the subscribers, to the highest bidder, for ready money, before the door of the Eagle Tavern, in the city of Richmond, on Saturday the 4th of June next, all that Lot, Piece or Parcel of Ground, situate in the said city, on the east side of the cross-street leading from the Bell Tavern to the river, and now under lease to Russell and Wallace (subject to a ground rent of £10 per annum forever,) together with the following NEGROES: George (the Cook) Peter (the Barber) and Aggy; or so much of the said property as will be sufficient to raise the sum of seven hundred and fifty dollars, together with all costs attending the said sale. ANDY. STEVENSON, } Trustees. C. ANTHONY. May 10. (1ds)
SPRING & SUMMER GOODS.—RICHARD BROOKS has just received a full assortment of GOODS, suitable for the present and ensuing season, all of which he will sell low for cash—Among which are— Superfine and second Cloth, Superfine and second Cassimeres, Twilled and Tabby Velvet, Hunter's constitution and silver Cords, Cotton Cassimeres and English Nankeens, India Nankeens, Bandannah, Kamail and Madras Hkfs. White and coloured Janes, Do. do. Marseilles, Calicoes and Clantz, Pink, blue and purple Ginghams and Muslins, Dimity and Cambric Dimity, Furniture, do. Linen and Cotton Checks, 4-4 and 7-8 Irish Linen and shirting Cotton, 9-8 and 6-4 Cambrics, Plain and Figured Lenoes, Elegant mull Mull Robes and short Dresses, Worked and Figured Sasnets and Crapes, Real Lace Veil, black and white, Narrow and broad black Laces, Fashionable Scarfs and Shawls, Gentlemen and Ladies' silk and cotton Hose, 7-4, 10-4 Damask Silk Shawls, and 1 case fashionable Bonnets and Head Dresses, just from Paris. April 22. [1f.]
ENGLISH GOODS.—APPLETON & Co. By the John Adams, St Johns, from Liverpool, 16, Calvert-Street, have received their regular supply of GOODS calculated for the present and approaching season. Cambric and Common Calicoes, Plain and striped Dimities, Printed Marseilles Vesting, White Jeans, Furniture Clantz, Do. Dimities, London Superfine Broad Cloths, Do. Cassimeres, Yorkshire fine Cloths and Cassimeres, Patent Nankeens, Cords, Grandurells, Cotton Cassimeres, 6-4 and 4-4 Cambric Muslins, Japan, Haricord and Check do. Plain and Figured Mull do. Leno, Victory, Riddle, &c. do. Colored do. do. 4-4 Plain Book do. Ginghams, Silk do. Satins, Persians and Sarsnets, Bonnet Silks, Silk Gloves, Silk Handkerchiefs, Fancy Shawls, Cotton Umbrellas, Do. Brace, Do. Laces and Footings, Do. Quiltings, English Kid Gloves, Cotton Hosiery, Handkerchiefs, Fringe and Bed Lace, Cotton and Linen Checks, Buttons, Birmingham Ware, &c. &c. In store, a few dozen gentlemen's best Beaver Hats, from Marseilles. These Goods will be sold low for cash, or undoubted paper at 60 days. Baltimore, April 19. (10t)
MR. LE TELLIER, DENTIST.—In the house adjoining Mr. Edmund Randolph's near the Capitol, is now practising in the various branches of his profession; i. e. cleansing, and restoring the teeth to their natural elegance, by removing that corrosive substance called tartar, which adheres to them in the form of a black or yellow crust, which is the cause of many teeth decaying, an offensive breath, and the corroder of the gums and sockets. He sets artificial ones so as to stand firm, being useful as well as ornamental, plugs the decayed cavities of such as can be preserved, and extracts such as are too far gone to be saved, in which operation he makes use of BRUFF'S PATENT EXTRACTING INSTRUMENTS, which takes the teeth out without any possibility of fracturing the jaw or bruising the gums, and with much less pain than the instruments that are in general use; for which operation his price is one dollar, when done at his own house. He deems it unnecessary to say any thing concerning the advantage derived from the manner of his performance or his abilities, leaving it for his former operations to speak. He has DENTIFRICE prepared by himself of a superior quality for the preservation of the gums and teeth, void of corrosive substance. Mr. LE TELLIER wishes the public to have notice that as he has now made Richmond his permanent residence, all his prices are considerably lower than when he was only a visitor of the place. A line or servant directed to the aforesaid place will be attended to. May 6. [1a w6m]
TO RENT, for one or more years, the yellow HOUSE adjoining the Washington Tavern, now in the occupancy of Judge Roane.—This Tenement is contiguous to the Capitol, and well calculated for a professional gentleman with a family—Possession will be given on the first day of June next, and terms known by application to E. HALLAM. May 3. [1a w3w]
BROKERAGE AND COMMISSION BUSINESS.—The subscriber begs leave to inform the Citizens of Richmond, and the public in general he has established himself in the above line. Any business intrusted to his care will be done on the most liberal terms. D. DORRINGTON Richmond, Feb. 26. [1a wtf]
NOTICE.—The Co-partnership of Thomas Rutherford and Co. will be dissolved on the 30th June next: All those therefore, who may have claims against the said firm, or either of the partners, are invited in the mean time to apply for payment, and they earnestly request those indebted to them to settle their respective accounts as speedily as possible. THOMAS RUTHERFORD, FREDERICK ARGYLE. Richmond, May 6. (1st July)
NOTICE.—persons All having claims against the estate of Cunningham Burton, dec'd are requested to produce them at the next June Hustings Court for the City of Richmond, properly authenticated, as the court will then proceed to make distributions amongst the creditors. JOHN F. PRICE, Curator. Richmond, April 22. [1a w2dM]
TO MR. JOHN HOPKINS.—Sir—Please to take Notice, That I shall, on the 8th day of June next, between the hours of 8 o'clock in the forenoon and 6 o'clock in the afternoon, at the Bell Tavern, in the city of Richmond, commence taking the depositions of sundry persons to be used as evidence in a suit now depending and undetermined, in the Superior Court of Chancery for the Richmond district, (and to adjourn from day to day, until the same are taken:) In which said suit, myself and others are plaintiffs and you are defendant. THOMAS BURLING. Richmond, May 6, 1808. [1f.]
THE MILLING BUSINESS which has heretofore been carried on under the firm of LADDS & WEBSTER, was dissolved on the first instant. THOMAS & AMOS LADD, ISAAC WEBSTER March 18. [1f.]
NOTICE.—By virtue of a deed of trust, executed by Robert Woodcock, the subscriber will offer for sale to the highest bidder, at Chesterfield Court-House, on Monday the eleventh day of July, 1808, the Tract of LAND whereon the said Robt. Woodcock resides, in Chesterfield county, containing two hundred and four acres of Land, more or less, and adjoining the Lands of Samuel Farmer, Ephraim Garlington, Henry Woodcock, Thomas Gregory, John Hancock, Enoch Adkins, Mark Farmer and Daniel Farmer; this sale is made to satisfy a debt of two hundred and ten pounds, with interest from the 10th day of March, 1806, due from the said Robert Woodcock to major Winfree. THOMAS GRAVES, Trustee. May 3. [Law3w]
TO BE SOLD to the highest bidder, on Monday the 16th inst. at the dwelling house of the late Phoebe Dama, Esq. dec'd. all his household and kitchen FURNITURE, several very valuable House Servants, an elegant Philadelphia-made Coach, with plated harness, nearly new, two handsome bay Horses well matched and well broke, a very good Driver and a valuable Ship-Carpenter—The terms will be made known on the day of sale. The Dwelling-House of the dec'd. is offered for rent, also, that occupied by Wright Southgate, Esq. a House in Bermuda street lately occupied by Mr. Allan Gorham, a House in wide water street, a store on commerce street wharf, and one half of the wharf known by the name of Gorham's wharf. JAMES YOUNG, Adm'r. Norfolk, May 10, 1808. [5d]
RICHMOND TURNPIKE COMPANY.—At a meeting of the directors of the Richmond Turnpike Company, on Saturday evening the 7th of May, 1808. Resolved, That the shares of all delinquent stock holders in the company be sold on Saturday the eleventh of next month, at the Bell Tavern, in the city of Richmond. A Copy. N. SHEPPARD, Clerk. The stock-holders in the above Company are hereby notified that their annual meeting will be held at the Bell Tavern, in Richmond, on the first Monday in next month, which is the day fixed by the charter for their meeting. N. SHEPPARD. [11th June.]
TRUST DEED.—By virtue of a deed of trust executed to William F. Carter and Shelton Crosthwait, by Alexander B. Rose, to secure the payment of a debt due to Murphy Brown & Co. as therein expressed, will be offered for sale, to the highest bidder, for ready money, at Amherst court-house, on Saturday the 4th day of June next, all that Tract of LAND lying in the county of Amherst, on Tye River and Hat Creek, whereon the said Alexander B. Rose now resides, supposed to contain two thousand five hundred and thirty acres, adjoining the Lands of Thomas Massie, David S. Garland, Thomas Fitzhugh, Henry Rose and Philip Ryan. The subscribers being trustees for the benefit of others, they will only warrant the title of the above mentioned land as to themselves and those claiming under them. WILLIAM F. CARTER, SHELTON CROSTHWAIT, } Trustees. May 10. (3w)
RICHMOND TILE MANUFACTORY.—The subscriber having procured the exclusive right to manufacture in this and several other states Harwood's much improved Vent Tile for covering houses, and at considerable expense erected the necessary buildings, &c. for carrying on that useful business extensively, now offers to supply, at short notice, any quantity that may be required, at the moderate price of thirty-five dollars per thousand, delivered at his Factory. He can with confidence, founded on actual experiment, in the covering of about 20 houses in this city, assert, that houses can be covered with this tile as cheap in the first instance, as with shingles of the first quality, and when the security against fire, the difference of insurance, the durability and particular construction of those tile to resist the most penetrating rains and snows are considered, he cannot doubt of meeting with considerable encouragement. It requires only the examination of a well covered roof to convince the most prejudiced mind of their superiority to any other tile heretofore used, or to the best of late, and will cost less than the latter, after paying the expense of water carriage to almost any part of this continent. Particular attention will be paid to orders from other towns, and in all cases where they are shipped, he will deliver them whole and sound, along side the vessels, at the expense of carriage only to the purchasers. Any person skilled in the art of tiling, will put on those tile with great facility, but where they cannot be procured, he can engage a few here who have had some experience, and will go a moderate distance, if the job is of sufficient magnitude and their travelling expenses paid. BENJAMIN DUVALL. Richmond, March 22. [ep2w2w1w] N. B. I wish to sell Patent R. hts in several other States. B. D.
BROKERAGE AND COMMISSION BUSINESS.—The subscriber respectfully offers his services to his friends and the public, in the above line of business and solicits their patronage. G. GREENHOW. Dec. 15. [oxwtf]
ADVERTISEMENT.—A forewarn all persons whatever from trading or taking an assignment for a bond now in the hands of Mr. George Williamson of Powhatan, Exor. of Jacob Williamson, dec'd. The bond was given by Mrs. Hannah Williamson to William T. Walker of Prince Edward, for the amount of 30 pounds, and the bond dated the third day of January, 1803. GEORGE EGGLESTON, Executor of Hannah Williamson, dec'd. April 22. [1a w8w]
RAN—AWAY from the subscriber on the 10th day of November last, a Mulatto woman named ALICE—said negro was purchased by me on the 14th day of the above month, being sold under execution—she belonged to the estate of Edward P. Chambliss, dec'd. Said negro is about five feet high, supposed to be nearly forty years of age, she is in some measure grey, though looks young and likely. She formerly belonged to William Bailey of New Kent county, where she has some children. I incline to think she is in the city of Norfolk, Petersburg, or Richmond, where she may attempt to pass for a free woman. When this woman ran off, she was well furnished with clothing of good quality. I will give ten dollars reward to any person who will have said negro confined in any public jail so that I get her again. WILLIAM NEWMAN. King William, May 6. [Law3w]
VALUABLE MANUFACTURING MILL & DISTILLERY.—The subscriber will sell or lease for a term of years, with or without a distillery, containing five stills of near 1000 gallons, the valuable MILL on Appomattox river, in Goochland, lately owned by William Skinner. The house is 66 feet long, 26 wide, and three stories high, containing 2 pair best horse and 1 pair corn stones, with Evans's patent machinery and a Saw Mill in complete order. Boats pass under the Mill through one of the best locks on the river—the neighborhood affords an abundant supply of wheat, and on the spot are two commodious houses calculated for a store and residence. If sold, the purchaser may be accommodated with 4 or 500 acres of Land, one half in wood. Terms may be known on application to Mr. Jeffers at the Mill or to me near Gooch Bridge. EDMUND HARRISON. Amelia, April 19. (Voxat)
BLANKS, FOR SALE AT THIS OFFICE.