The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1806-11-11 00:00:00

FRANCE.
PARIS, Sept. 9.
The refusal of the Emperor of Russia to ratify d'Oubril's treaty, has not yet been followed by the rupture of the English Negotiation, but light hopes of peace, however, remain. The troops which had returned from Germany have been ordered to face to the right-about, and the troops which had entered France are to proceed to Germany again.
ENGLAND.
LONDON, Sept. 15.
On Saturday last the 13th inst. in the afternoon, that great and illustrious statesman, CHARLES JAMES FOX, yielded his last breath in the arms of his nephew Lord Holland.
The following persons are talked of as his successors:—The Marquis WELLESLEY, Lord HOLLAND, Mr. T. GRENVILLE and Lord LAUDERDALE.
Mr. Fox was in his 58th year. He was elected to Parliament before he was of age, acted with the Whig Ministers, and his first speech was against WILKES. He was often in and out of the Ministry.
Last night a messenger left town for Paris. He will carry the news of the death of Mr. Fox.
The embarkation of troops for foreign service is renewed with increased activity.
An order has been received at the Dock Yard, Portsmouth, to communicate how soon the first bottomed boats, which are usually employed in disembarking troops, can be got ready for service.
The boats of the Haugby , gun brig, have recently cut out of port 8 Spanish loaded vessels. She has in her last cruise, destroyed 12 or 14 other vessels.
An attempt to cut out Jerome's ship Peteran , we have every reason to believe, has ere this, been made by two of our frigates.
Price of Stocks—Consols 63 1-4, Omnium 7 3-4. Omnium on the 13th was at 8 1-2.
The reason given by ALEXANDER for his refusal to ratify the treaty with France, is that D'OURBIL had acted entirely contrary to his instructions ; but His Imperial Majesty declares he is willing to renew the negotiations.
(St. Petersburg—Official.)
SEPT. 18.
We have Paris papers to the 11th, and Dutch to the 15th. All the military movements indicate approaching war.
CAPTURE OF BUENOS AYRES.
The official news of the capture of Buenos Ayres is received. It capitulated on the 27th of June. There fell into the hands of the English 1,291,888 dollars, in silver and bullion. Gen. BERESFORD, has issued a Proclamation as Lt. Governor. And promises to allow a free trade to all nations in amity with England.
The trade of Buenos Ayres is to be put on the same footing, by promise, as that of Trinidad. It was estimated that the merchandise in the king's stores, principally Jesuits bark and quick silver; and what is in the Phillipine Company's stores; with the little that is retained of floating property; would amount, if it could be disposed of, to between 2 and 3 millions of dollars. Of the bullion delivered in some was claimed as private property, and was to be restored—and so of some of the money.
90 pieces of ordnance, 550 whole barrels powder, 2203 muskets with bayonets, 71 without bayonets, 616 carbines, 4079 pistols, 31 muskettoons, and 1247 swords—were taken at Buenos Ayres . The English had 1 man killed, 12 wounded, and 1 was missing.
In the capitulation, the 1st article provides that the Spanish troops shall be prisoners of war, allow native and domiciliated officers and soldiers to remain—the 2d art. promises respect to all private property, civil, military or religious—3d, promises protection to the people, and that they shall not be compelled to bear arms against His Catholic Majesty—4th, continues the civil officers in commission, and promises respect to existing customs—5th, provides for the safety of the public archives—6th continues the taxes and appropriations as heretofore—7th assures respect to the Catholic Religion—8th continues the Ecclesiastical Court—9th, directs the delivery of coasting vessels to their owners—10th, agrees that all the public property shall be delivered to the English.
In Gen. BERESFORD's letter to the Secretary of State, announcing the capture of Buenos Ayres , he mentions that the whole force under his command was 1621, with 2 five and a half inch howitzers, and 2 light 3 pounders. The Spanish regular force consisted of 2000, and opposed the advance of the British a short time at the village of Reduction , and at the river Cueto , at which latter place they had destroyed the bridge. Their loss was always ill-digested, and did little or no execution.
Gen. BERESFORD, in one of his letters, says, that after the passage of the river Chuelo , the city of Buenos Ayres remained at his mercy, and that the only conditions on which he entered were such as he pleased to offer. The coasting vessels released were valued at a million and a half of dollars. The British had made an expedition 50 miles into the interior, had found the dispositions of the people favorable to the British, and had recovered considerable treasure which persons were endeavoring to carry to Corova .
Extract of a letter from Commodore POPHAM, who commanded the expedition against Buenos Ayres , to the Secretary of the Admiralty. OFF BUENOS AYRES, 6th JULY.
SIR. In a letter which I had the honor to address you from St. Helena, on the 30th of April, I fully explained, for the information of my lords commissioners of the admiralty, the motives that induced me to press so strongly the urgency and expediency of undertaking an expedition against the enemy's settlements in Rio de la Plata.
I have therefore only to give you a short detail of the proceedings of the squadron; previously congratulating their lordships on his majesty's forces being in full possession of Buenos Ayres and its dependencies, the capital of one of the richest and most extensive provinces of South America.
To the commerce of Great Britain it exhibits peculiar advantages, as well as to the active industry of her manufacturing towns. And when I venture in addition to assure their lordships of the extreme healthiness of the climate, I trust I only hold out a consolation that the friends of every person employed on this expedition are justly entitled to, and which I am satisfied will be equally gratifying to the feelings of every British subject.
As I considered it an object of material consequence to obtain the earliest local information of the river, I placed the squadron under the direction of capt. Rowley, and preceded it in the Narcissus for that purpose.
On the 8th inst. we anchored near the island of Flores; and, after passing Monte Video the
following day, we detained a Portuguese schooner, by whom the intelligence we had formerly received, was generally confirmed. On the 11th, we fell in with the Encounter and Ocean transport near the south coast of the river; and on the 13th we joined the squadron.
It was immediately determined to attack the capital; and no time was lost in removing the marine battalion to the Narcissus , the Encounter , and the transports, for the purpose of proceeding to Buenos Ayres , while the Diadem blockaded the port of Monte Video , & the Rafael and Diomedes , by way of demonstration, cruized near Maldonado , and other affable points.
Our progress up the river was very much retarded by the shoals of the water, adverse winds and currents, continual fogs, and the great inaccuracy of the charts; but by the unremitting and laborious exertions of the officers and men I had the honor to command, these difficulties were surmounted, and the squadron anchored, on the afternoon of the 25th, off Point Queimoy a Pouichin, about 12 miles from Buenos Ayres .
As it was impossible for the Narcissus to approach the shore, on account of the shoals of the water, the Encounter was run in so close as to take the ground, the more effectually to cover the debarkation of the army in case of necessity; the whole however was landed in the course of the evening without the least opposition; consisting of the detachment of his majesty's troops from the Cape, and that from St. Helena, with the marine battalion under the orders of capt. King, of his majesty's ship Diadem , which was composed of the marines of the squadron augmented by the incorporation of some seamen, and three companies of Royal Blues from the same source of enterprise, which had been regularly trained for that duty, and dressed in an appropriate uniform.
The enemy was posted at the village of Reduction , which was on an eminence about two miles from the beach, with the appearance of a fine plain between the two armies, which however proved on the following morning to be only a marsh in the high state of verdure. This in some measure checked our advancement, nor did the enemy open his field train till the troops were nearly in the middle of the swamp, from whence he thought it was impossible for them to be extricated.
The able and excellent disposition of Gen. Beresford, and the intrepidity of his army, very soon however satisfied the enemy, that his only safety was in a precipitate retreat, for we had the satisfaction of seeing from the ships near 4000 Spanish cavalry flying in every direction, leaving their artillery behind them, while our troops were ascending the hill with that coolness and courage, which has on every occasion marked the character of a British soldier, and has been exemplified in proportion to the difficulties and dangers by which he was opposed.
On the 27th, in the morning, we saw some firing near the banks of the river Chuelo , but it blew so hard that it was totally impracticable to have any communication with the shore during that day. On the 28th, our troops took possession of Buenos Ayres .
I have sent Lieut. Groves to take possession of Buyenaba de Baragon , a port to the eastward of Buenos Ayres , where I understand there are two gun vessels and two merchant ships.
It appears that the French have not yet obtained possession of Caturo . The Montenegrins hold it.
OF NAPLES.
The London Gazette of Sept. 6, contains a letter from Gen. STUART, dated at Messina , Sicily, Aug. 3.
LONDON, Sep. 15.
DEATH OF MR. FOX.
At a quarter before six o'clock on Saturday afternoon, this great and illustrious statesman yielded his last breath in the arms of his nephew, Lord Holland. His dissolution was so gradual and accompanied with so little struggle, as scarcely to permit the most anxious eye to ascertain the instant. His friends had at least the sad and melancholy consolation of perceiving that he suffered no pain; and they had been prepared for the event, by the unerring symptoms of exhaustion that had increased for the two days preceding; on Friday at noon, the physicians announced to him the approaching close, and he received it as he had done in the first instance, with that firm tranquillity of spirit which was characteristic of his nature and which he maintained to the last.
It is singular to remark the fatality that has spread among the leading men of this country within the last twelve months; viz.
Marquis Cornwallis, Mr. Pitt, Jan. 23. Oct. 5. Lord Thurlow Sept. 12. Lord Nelson, Oct. 21. Mr. Fox, Sept. 13.
The Russian minister, on announcing to the French cabinet, the refusal of his master, to ratify the treaty of M. D'Oubril, declares, "that the minister had acted entirely contrary to the orders and instructions which he had received; but that in order to leave no possible means of restoring peace, and general tranquillity, until the Imperial ministry has received orders to make known to the cabinet of the Tuileries, the basis on which his imperial majesty will be ready to renew the negotiations; so that it will depend on the French government, to accept or decline the equally just and moderate proposals which are made to it."
LAUENBURG, September 3.
His majesty the king of Sweden, has taken possession of this country, in the name of the king of England: the Prussian arms and eagles taken away; and every thing re-established on the former footing.
REVERIES.
The Austrian army crossed the Inn and occupied Bavaria on the 12th September 1805—on the 23d they occupied Ulm and Memmingen; on the 20th of the same month, the camp at Boulogne was inspected by Bonaparte, who arrived on the 23d at Paris, and left on the 25th. The French army of Boulogne in six divisions crossed the Rhine on the 1st October—and on the 14th they had possession of Ulm, and defeated, captured, routed or destroyed an army of 120,000 men—that is in scarcely four weeks! In four weeks more they had possession of the Inn, Salzburg, and the circle of Upper Austria, and on the 5th December, the fate of the Austrian dynasty and of the Russian consequence in Europe was from the most formidable position in universal opinion, reduced to the consequence of a third or fourth power in the scale of Europe.
What is the inference? The present year the French have earlier warning.
They have more than a month as to notice. They have as to the position of their armies, better than a fortnight's time and toil saved, by the position of their six legions—Mortier and Augereau's legions were on the 4th Sept. one on the frontiers of Saxony and Westphalia, the
other with its advanced posts on the Prussian territory. Two legions under Ney and Davoust were advanced into Austria beyond the Inn. Lefebvre in command of 70,000 men auxiliaries of the Rhenish confederation, occupied Suabia. The two Italian legions were on the Tagliamento, and their light corps in possession of Goritz and Gradisca. The states of Bohemia will have been called upon according to their ancient constitutions to declare for neutrality or war—and if neutral to supply forage, for the ally of the House of Austria; and to stop intercourse with other unfriendly powers.
Three, or perhaps five legions, will advance in different directions for Poland, two by Moravia will cross Silesia, and the others will cross the Danube by lower Austria, and enter Galicia (part of ancient Poland) and if Prussia moves a pawn, he will be checkmated, perhaps, by Lucien Bonaparte declared king of Poland, feudalism abolished—religion tolerated—Kofciusko, in the decline of his years, may see his country and himself avenged, lettered in condition altogether; and Poland become once more the barrier against northern barbarism.
Such evidently the apparent current of events; Sweden may again be stripped of her monarchy and her territory and her power concentrated in Denmark.
The Belt and the Sound are generally closed by frost in the early part of December; the legions of king Louis of Holland, which have advanced to the Elbe, will have passed the Elbe into Pomerania, and the legions may pass the ice from Rugen to Zealand, and into Sweden.
Such may be the outline; the details may be easily anticipated; for France will beside her 70,000 Rhenish auxiliaries, and the armies of the Italian kingdom, have eleven great armies of 60 or 70,000 men on the ebes board.
Aurora.
The death of Mr. Fox promises to be as fatal to Europe as the life of Mr. Pitt.
Aurora.
The guid-nunes no longer wonder that Bonaparte did not remove his victorious legions from Germany.
Ib.
It seems the French legions have taken a position on the frontiers of Saxony, and the Prussians are apprehensive of a coup de main against Magdeburg.
The French legions in western Germany are under the command of Marshals Mortier, Bernadotte, Augereau, Ney, Soult and Davoust—names well known in modern annals.
The Prussian generals who are spoken of for the commands of armies are—prince Louis Ferdinand, who commands an army of observation at Magdeburg; prince Hohenlohe, in Saxony; gen. Ruchel, in Hanover; Duke of Brunswick in Silesia; the prince of Orange Fulda, an army on the Oder; gen. Blucher, in Prussian Pomerania.
Ib.
A letter from Hamburg, August 19, states, "Our correspondents from Paris, of the 11th mention the appointment of the learned Puita-do, as president of the Jewish assembly, and of his two secretaries, to the legion of honor, by a decree in the hand writing of his majesty the emperor and king himself. The former has been dignified with the great cross of the order.
Balt. Fed. Gaz.
Domestic.
ALBANY, Oct. 24.
On Wednesday last, came on, at the Circuit Court now sitting in this city and before a struck jury, the trial of the cause of MATURIN LIVINGSTON versus JAMES CHEETHAM, for a libel. Council for plaintiff—Messrs. Henry, Woodworth and Cady. For defendant—Messrs. Van Vechten, Williams and Foote. The jury retired about 4 o'clock, and about six returned with a verdict of FIVE HUNDRED DOLLARS for the plaintiff.
The trial of the second suit of Maturin Livingston versus James Cheetham, for a libel, came on yesterday morning before the Circuit Court—Verdict for the plaintiff, FIVE HUNDRED DOLLARS. Register.
NORFOLK, November 1.
DUEL.—On Tuesday morning a duel took place near Gosport, between Messrs. Otley and Connell, first and second lieutenants of his B. M. ship Chichester, now repairing at said place; when the former was shot through the head at the first fire, and expired on the spot. Mr. Connell and the seconds have decamped.
Herald.
November 4.
The British line of battle ship, Bellona , capt. Douglas; and the Avon sloop of war, from on board of which Mr. ESKINE was landed at Annapolis on Thursday last, anchored in Hampton Roads yesterday.
PHILADELPHIA, Nov. 5.
Western Country.—As it is proper that the public should be apprised of every rumour that is set afloat, we have copied from major Jackson's paper, the articles which he has published for two evenings past—the departure of the marines for Louisiana, is not a new measure, it was contemplated and carried partly into effect during the last fall, the movements of the Spaniards on the Sabine clearly shews the propriety of sending the disposable force in that direction; but the libel on the people of Kentucky merits the marked reprobation of every American. That Mr. Burr has some finer object in view is not improbable; but that he could prevail upon the people of Kentucky to revolt is too ridiculous to believe; very probably he may be at the head of the party which Granger said would go into the Yazoo country and occupy it by the force of arms, and that there may be an understanding through Yrujo with the Spanish movements as a diversion for the Yazoo, is not impossible. Grandpre, one of the governors of the Spanish provinces, very recently declared that the proceedings of the governor of the province of Texas (on the Sabine) were wholly unauthorized by the court of Spain, and were taken only to cover some private speculation of the Spanish governor.
Aurora.
It is well known that a very frequent and close intercourse was maintained between Mr. Burr when last in this city, and the Spanish Marquis Yrujo, and it is also very certain that it was through Jonathan Dayton or Burr, that Yrujo obtained the intelligence of the secret proceedings of congress.
Ib.
From the Register of Monday.
A gentleman just arrived from Washington, whose veracity and correctness may be relied on, reports, that a letter had been received at that place, by Mr. Henderson, employed in the navy yard, from his brother, resident in Kentucky, stating that, in consequence of a commotion of the people, who had declared that country independent, he was about to re-
move his family to Cuipepper in Virginia. The serious nature of this report forbids us to repeat the names of the persons implicated as leaders, until the authenticity of the report is fully ascertained.
It is by no means improbable that the following rumors connected with this important intelligence, the substance of which we are told had occupied the executive of the U. States, convened in council, during four days of the last week.
The president of the U. S. was seriously indisposed on Tuesday, and by the latest accounts was still confined. From the Register of Tuesday.  Important as the foreign intelligence in this day's Register may be considered, it is less interesting than the advices received from the western country, which, as we stated yesterday, have for some days past occupied the deliberations of the executive; and which, by the subjoined extracts of letters from Washington, appear to have resulted in an order for the disposable regular force of the union to proceed immediately to New Orleans.  Extract of a letter from a gentleman at Washington, dated 30th October, 1806.  "The brother of a lieutenant of marines in the barracks here, has written from Marietta, or suberever else Col. Burr is, that his actions are suspicious, and in consequence thereof he had moved his family back and intended to remain and protect his property"—the letter farther states, that this information had been laid before the president, and that energetic measures were talked of, but, as congress would soon meet, nothing would probably be done until their meeting, though it was confidently said the marines were ordered to proceed immediately for New Orleans under captain Carmick.  Another letter says,  "All the marines at Washington are ordered immediately to New Orleans."  FROM THE SCIOTO GAZETTE.  The aspect of the affairs in the Western Country and Col. Burr's late visit.  When we took leave of col. Burr in our last number, we left him, as we supposed, proceeding on from Frankfort to see general Wilkinson. On leaving Frankfort, he visited col. Charles Lynch, of Shelby county, who is connected with baron P. N. Tot Bafrop, a man who, not long since, removed from Kentucky to the Louisiana country.  Bafrop contracted with the Spanish government, previous to the cession of Louisiana to America, for settling about two hundred families at, or near Natchitoches, for which he was to receive land to the amount of thirty miles square. Bafrop never complied with his contract. He therefore made Lynch interested in a considerable amount, who will probably, swindle the American government out of the greater part of the land held by Bafrop under the contract, which was never complied with on his part. With col. Lynch col. Burr spent several days, and then proceeded to Louisville, and report says he drew from mercantile houses in different towns in Kentucky, about two hundred thousand dollars. We have good authority for saying, that he drew from a house in Louisville, of the firm of Messrs. Prather and Smiley, very considerable sums.  How col. Burr should become possessed of such large sums of money, cannot be accounted for: It is generally understood that he is a bankrupt, and supported chiefly by Alston, his son-in-law, who a few weeks ago, together with his wife, descended the Ohio, and are probably on their way to Kentucky, as their attendants and cavalry, passed through Chillicothe.  We cannot ascertain, certainly, whether col. Burr went on to St. Louis or Fort Adams in person, but it has been reported that he dispatched a messenger, who probably was the bearer of secret communications between them.  Nor have we been able to learn the result of the return of col. Burr's messenger to Wilkinson, or whether col. Burr actually pursued his journey either to Fort Adams or St. Louis; but the latest accounts we have of him, are from Nashville, where he was not long since.  It has been reported by some, that colonel Burr will return to Chillicothe in a few days, on his way to Pittsburgh, to meet Comfort Tyler and his retinue. If this secret and mysterious plan is not hostile towards the general government, why is the veil of mystery thrown over the whole of these transactions? Why are those secret agreements entered into at Frankfort and St. Louis, not made known? Why those secret dispatches of messengers from one part of the country to another? Why those precautions steps to impose on the credulity of others? Why are those secret letters to the different associates, and in fact, why do we see their agents and tools at work all over the western country, founding the minds of the people?  Fellow citizens, a few more weeks and the doors of this nefarious plot will be thrown open. You will then believe what has been advanced on this subject to be true: You will then discover in their lurking holes, the traitors of your country: You will then behold them writhing under the scourge and lash of the indignation of an enraged people; and fellow citizens, you may then rejoice at your safe delivery from a plot so deeply laid to entrap and fever you from your Atlantic brethren.  WASHINGTON, November 5.  The honourable DAVID M. ERSKINE, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of his Britannic Majesty to the United States, was on Monday received by the Secretary of State, and by him presented to the President of the United States.  On the same day, ANTHONY MERRY, Esq. late Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary from the same court, took leave of the President.  Nat. Int.  By authentic information from the Havana, dated Sept. 25, we are advised of the appointment of a new Intendant, from which a favorable change in the conduct of that government to the United States may be expected. At that time Miranda was said to have made good his landing and to have made some progress in the country towards Santa Fe, where he had been joined by 2,000 of the inhabitants of the country.  The French Admiral Willameuz had got safe into port, with the Foudroyant , although pursued under the guns of the Moro by the British frigate Anson .  At the moment of closing the letter containing this information it was reported, that a Spanish schooner had arrived at Batavia, and brought accounts that Miranda had had an engagement, had lost about 1000 men, and had retreated about 25 miles; but the report was said to want confirmation.  Ib.  Extract of a letter from Tangier, August 22, 1806.  "On the 20th inst. the schooner Mediator of Baltimore, James Hollis, master, of 62  carriage guns and seventeen men, bound from that port for Maha, with a cargo of West India produce, was anchored in this bay by two Gibraltar privateers. Off Sarah they had an action in which Captain Hollis and two seamen were wounded. On board the privateer five men were wounded. They proceeded yesterday for Gibraltar."  Ibid.  Information from the Westward.  The latest authentic accounts are from Gov. Claiborne and Gen. Wilkinson, and come down to the 24th of Sept. At this period an answer was expected from the governor of the Spanish province of Texas, which would be likely to determine the complexion of the measures to be pursued on the part of the United States. Such doubts were entertained on this head, that the preponderating opinion was that a recourse to force would be rendered inevitable. In this event, we rejoice to say, that there is but little ground for apprehension. The Spanish forces amount to about fifteen hundred, while our regular force, reinforced by militia, will be from eleven to thirteen hundred. The Americans were till at Natchitoches, and the Spaniards at Bayou Pierre.  Ib.  GENERAL ORDERS.  The late conduct of the Spanish government, added to the hostile appearance and menacing attitude of their armed forces already encamped within the limits of our government, make it necessary that the militia under my command, should be in complete order and at a moment's warning ready to march.  This armed force under the sanction of their government, have imprisoned and transported five of the good citizens of the United States, to the dominion of Spain. They have cut down and carried off the flag of the U. States, which was erected in the Cado Nation of Indians and within the limits of the U. S.—They have compelled by force, men in the employ of the government, when exploring the Red River, to desist, and come back, and they have taken an unjustifiable and insulting position east of the river Sabine and within the territory of New Orleans!! As this thus daring as well as degrading to our national character and constitutional rights, demand prompt satisfaction and cannot fail to excite that resentment so becoming, so natural on the occasion.  In the first instance, gentlemen, let it be recollected that our good materials—our best of men, must be properly disciplined, and in this way the preparation cannot be too great to meet the wishes of the general and the exigencies of our country.—Inspired with the laudable ambition of avenging our country's wrongs, and impelled by the most cogent necessity of defending our national dignity and liberties, it is calculated that but one voice will be heard among us, and that that will be for preparation and discipline.  You are therefore, without delay, ordered to place your brigade on the most respectable footing, and be in readiness to furnish the quota required of you at the shortest notice. All volunteer companies well equipped will be accepted of—If the full quota can be raised by voluntary enlistment, it will answer government a better purpose than by pressing them from their families by draft; but if it be discovered that this cannot be done, you will direct that the effective men be classed and that the law in this respect be particularly attended to, and when the government and constituted authorities of our country require it, they must be in readiness to march.  Two regiments, it is expected, from my division (in the event of a call) will be required and no doubt, if more are in readiness to march, a tender of their services will be accepted.  You will, gentlemen, take the most speedy method of obtaining correct information, of the number that can be raised by voluntary enlistment within your respective brigades, through your colonels or in such other manner as may to you be most regular & proper. After this information shall have been acquired, forward the same to the general by mail.  ANDREW JACKSON,  Maj. Gen. 2d division.  By  WILLIAM P. ANDERSON,  Aid de Camp.  To the generals commanding, } within the 2d division. Nashville, Oct. 4th, 1806. 

Cushing, which leave no sort of doubt, that the Spaniards mean to dispute ground with us at the point of the sword; and that they are augmenting their forces. The governors Cordero and Herrera will be opposed to the poor American Brigadier Paret mieu . The general has called on the two territories for militia. Claiborne will furnish 480 and Mead 250 men only; no matter, we have a few hundred confidential, and the greater the disparity of force, the more fame. We shall be ready in 10 or 12 days and then the governors must retrograde, or take our fleet. Claiborne and Cushing have remonstrated strongly and repeatedly to Herrera, who with much decision repels their demands & reiterates his determination to maintain the territory of his master, east of the Sabine. The rights of humanity & the genius of his country will induce gen. W— to make one more attempt at conciliation, but he will be prepared to strike the moment it is rejected. The accounts we have of the Spanish camp and equipments are marvellous; they are represented as disorderly, undisciplined and overcharged with the precious metals. What think you of a subaltern bringing with him thirty thousand dollars for pocket money in doubloons? Who knows but we may make a coup d'or and secure a birth in the bed of honor—fifteen days will decide."
NEW-YORK, November 5. Captain Dunbar, of the brig Neptune, from Lisbon, informs us that Lord St. Vincent, with five sail of the line, and a frigate, was cruising off that port; and that an additional four sail of the line blocked up the mouth of the harbour. The United States frigate Constitution was there, getting in new spars, &c.
The Enquirer. RICHMOND, 11th NOVEMBER. FOR THE ENQUIRER.
"It is wise to converse with past hours, And ask them, what report they bear?" The old doctrine of exclusion by rotation, is again introduced upon the topic of discussion, in reference to the next Presidential election. It has hitherto been considered a serious and alarming defideratum of our federal compact, that the time of Presidential eligibility has been left undefined; and the temper of the day, I fear, is but an ominous precursor of the evils that await the defects, and the odious doctrine of official perpetuity.
When I speak of this doctrine as hateful and calamitous, I am confident of being in unison with a considerable majority of the country; but if I speak in the same strain of Presidential continuance, I am aware that they who fashion their politics to "suit the varying hour," will erroneously assign me to a small minority. To all thinking and impartial minds the distinction must appear too flimsy and factitious, to leave even the shadowed veil of a doubt. In the one instance, the opinion is impolitic and untenable, because it avowedly sanctions the perpetuity of power; in the other, it becomes popular and wise, although the identical evil exists, but works under the ambiguous form of a continuance. The sound of a king's reign, would excite horror and amazement, while the same mind would accede to the same system of measures under a different title. How is this palpable inconsistency to be reconciled? You would take from hemlock its name, but suffer its noxious qualities to circulate under another. You will not permit the constitution to declare the President's term to be durante vita , but in the same breath decide that you will elect him term after term fine die . It is a laudable motive, fellow citizens, to which I ascribe this paradox of mind; your President is worthy of immortal honors, and your gratitude, I am sure, is anxious to bestow them, but let it not associate with infatuated credulity, and thus launch at hazard the patrimony of our fathers, and the unalienable inheritance of posterity. If we recur to the history of man, which prudence and reflection enjoin us to adopt as our compass upon the portentous main of politics, we shall find that human nature is treacherous and ambitious: That man is entirely the creature of circumstances, and that those which recommend him to elevation, are waived away and forgotten by a new and successive wave, after his object is attained. If we examine the subject by the history of tyrants, we shall find, that even the ascension of Nero* was attended by unwearied acclamations of joy, and that his reign was expected to be a calm unvaried course of justice and humanity. And it is true, that the initial years of his reign, were unclouded and benignant; but the possession of power soon infused its baleful influence in his bosom, and his name even now, is the object of school-boy execration. This was not alone the case with Nero, but with Domitian and Caligula and many others, the history of whose lives fully confirm the recitude of my text; that human nature is treacherous and ambitious, and will seldom surrender power to which it has been accustomed. I may be told by the advocates of a different belief, that there are as many historical instances to the contrary, of men, who have spontaneously laid down their power; to which the names of Diocletian, Maximian, Charles V. and even Sylla may be adduced in evidence.
I may then be asked, if it is unnatural or unexampled that Mr. J. should do this, and more particularly when required by the voice of the union. This, it must be confessed, is a subject of experiment in which our inestimable rights are involved, and about which, we should be timorously cautious. In making this experiment, we should surely attend to the lessons of history and reflection. But first of all, where is the necessity of a trial?
The idea itself is a jupon upon the intellectual character of America, that we should have no other patriot capable of supplying the vacancy. And if there be truth in the idea, it exerts us to bestow by open declaration the office for life. It is true that the confidence and affection of the people is strong and unalterably fixed upon Mr. J., and if they will to signify their attachment in any other mode than thanksgiving and grateful encomium, let them confer the office for life. But to this proposition I entertain no doubt, they would be violently opposed, and upon no other principle, than the treachery and ambition of nature, and from fear that he might be subject to the same frailty and perversity: That he might devise and practise schemes subversive of our happy polity, and instead of a republican course of rotation, a monarchical course of lineal descent might be established.
* Goldsmith's History of Rome. † The author presumes that no one will contest this position after the names are recited, three of whom were under the influence of pique or madness; and Maximian was so anxious to regain his reigned dignity and power, that he got involved in treacherous intrigue, for which he was doomed to die and death he should prefer, which was that of banging!
In order to form a correct opinion upon this subject, let the mind of the reader reflect, if a scheme of subversion could not be effected, in a shorter space of time than during life. Mr. J. will have been in office eight years at the next election: his administration has been such as to excite the warmest admiration, and the deepest attachment, inasmuch, that he finds the people of his country, anxious to suppress the vital principle of their republic, in order to re-elect him at its head. When the public mind is thus weaned and corrupted from its inflexible love to first principles; and credulity is substituted in lieu of vigilance, the moment is inviting and auspicious to the work of ambition. In answer to this, it may be said that Mr. J. is too pure and immaculate to be influenced by a passion of this kind, notwithstanding all men, and he amongst them confess, that it is the inborn and distinguishing trait of human nature.
A political writer of considerable merit and sagacity has affirmed "that all the free states of antiquity, in their free times, made a point of giving no longer than annual authority to their magistrates." And it is the opinion of Aristotle "that the chief cause of the subversion of free states was their deviation from the principles on which they were originally constructed." He tells us "that the Thurians had a salutary law, by which the same person could not be twice a Praetor, without an intermission of five years. They suffered this law to be evaded and forgotten. Their fate from that fatal time declined to its ruin." This is the warning voice of a preceptor, that has studied nature through all her generations from the earliest to the latest hour. Ought we not therefore to adhere to reason and experience, and to adopt the same principle in regard to our president, as every intelligent statesman should do in the formation of government; that they who conduct them, are viewed in the eye of liberty as knaves. It is surely better to do this, than rely upon the political virtue of man, which we know at best to be precarious. Let us not forget then one of the most important laws of our political table, that the officers of a republican government should,
"like bubbles, on a sea of matter borne, Rise, break, and to that sea return."
The absence of suspicion may be a virtue, an elixir, in the moral world, but it is a curse, and a bane, in the political, to which there is no antidote. Those who are bigotted in their confidence and faith may contend, that they cannot be hoodwinked out of their liberties, for that the least encroachment would be repelled with indignation and effect. But I with that the credulous believers of that faith may not find it "a milician fable and a fairy tale." Mr. J. is one of the last men from whom I should apprehend a danger of this kind, but I shall be one of the last to abandon my politica principia in order to indulge a particular predilection. When an individual has been removed eight years from the people, it is time that he should return amongst them, to be fumble of their sensations and to feel their feelings. It is the republican Agnus Dei under the shade of which, the injuries of power, and the fever of ambition is chastened and refreshed, and purity restored to its native state. It is the great object of official rotation and should never be abandoned. For when power remains too long in the same hands, it becomes inveterate, and Livy justly remarks "the greater it is, the greater reluctance there is to surrender it." It is upon no other principle that frequency of elections is deemed so vitally important to a republican state. It is upon this principle that the patriots of England have boldly and eloquently contended for annual parliaments, and to the want of which, they ascribe the corruption of their court and ministry.
It is a source of happy reflection that a similar temper of injudicious credulity, did not exist at the close of the preceding administration, else perhaps practice might have explained the dire consequence of official continuance or perpetuity. But in answer to every thing that can be urged upon this subject, we are arbitrarily told, that the critical state of home and foreign affairs is such, as to require the re-election of Mr. Jefferson. This is a cabalistical argument that cannot be explained, for the political state of our country is not more perilous now than at any preceding date, since the birth of our constitution. The agitation of partysm which lowered over the public mind, has subsided into calmness, confidence, and approbation, and the Federalists hang their heads in confused folly and remorse at their hostile violence of rancor.
There are many of them who confess with frankness, that the President, against whom they have exhausted their quiver of wit and malevolence, is no more to be compared to the one, for whom they sung psalms of applause, than an oriental diamond to a petrifed pebble. Whence then arises this peculiar and hazardous juncture of affairs? For surely there is required as much political skill to manage the turbid wave of faction at home; to harmonize the intractable of conflicting parties; as to watch our existing relations abroad, and to expel from the cabinet a different minister; a De Yrujo.—I know there are men who mist-like the least variance of opinion, for a real difference of principle, and thus frighten their minds to anticipate, the dread consequences of a schism.
The eccentricities of one republican are considered as the awful apertures of a dividing party. But the misdeed it yields to this belief, must have been sickened with false, deceitful hopes, and is therefore inclined to speak of fearful dangers in hyperbole. But as to our foreign relations, there is no person I presume, so apprehensive of the gigantic power of Bonaparte, as to suppose that Mr. J. alone, can avert its direction. And I fondly trust that the United States are not so barren, as to be unable to afford a man capable of performing the presidential functions with patriotism, dignity and firmness. And I also trust that the people, will never depart from a first principle, so evidently important, as exclusion by rotation; for until we do that, we need not apprehend the Iliad
† Burgh. ‡ Poin. V. 8. || The author does not mean to confine the sense of this passage, according to its literal meaning; but to embrace every mode of subversion, &c.
A FRIEND TO PRINCIPLE.
PORTALIS'S LETTER. Admit the authenticity of Portalis's letter, which was published in our last paper, and what argument does it furnish of Bonaparte's designs upon Louisiana?
It is the well-known creed of the Catholic faith, that the Pope is the supreme head of their church, and that in all cases of doubt and schism, the subordinate churches in the most remote parts of the world are to look up to him for advice and instruction.
Why then suppose that it was any other principle than this which led the president of the New Orleans church, to seek for the friendly interposition of the mother church? It is true, they did not address themselves directly to the Roman Pontiff, but to Portalis the French minister of religious affairs . But why did they deviate from the established custom? Not because they wished to obtain the political friendship of the French Emperor; but his all-powerful mediation with the Papal See.
If Napoleon thought proper to throw the pope entirely out of the question, and directly to interpose in the government of the church, it is certainly a proof that the power of the pope is reduced to a mere mockery. It is also a proof that Napoleon is not unwilling to become the head of the catholic community. But where is the evidence, that he wishes to stretch his political sceptre over the minds of the people of Louisiana? Does he not even in the midst of his religious encroachments, manifest a due deference for the established government of that country?
The Bishop of Baltimore is to "offer some candidates among whom a new Bishop may be chosen, provided the government of the United States does not object to the election." If therefore the government of the U. States does object to it, the election is declared to be "of no effect." Monsieur Portalis indeed, betrays a great ignorance of our political institutions; for neither the President nor Congress can interfere in any regulations of religion; but it is an ignorance, which is at the same time willing to acknowledge the political supremacy of our government.
We did not charge the British cabinet with a spirit of encroachment, when the present venerable Bishop of Virginia was consecrated by the Bishops of the English church. At that time there was no other mode of consecration, adopted for our young country; & therefore that mode was inevitable. The same argument would justify the consecration of a Catholic Bishop of Orleans by the established church of Europe; but the argument becomes still stronger from the fact, that the very creed of the Catholic Church throws this very power into the hands of the Pope.
If the Catholic Churches of Louisiana would reject this flavish principle of supremacy; and unite with all the other Catholics, who refuse within the very bosom of our country in the adoption of some system of religious government, it certainly would contribute to our political as well as to our religious independence. Such was the important regulation adopted by the Protestant Episcopal Church of the U.S.*
* "Four Bishops (says Morse) viz. of Connecticut, N. York, Pennsylvania and Virginia have been elected by the conventions of their respective states, and have been duly consecrated. The former by the Bishops of the Scottish church, the three latter by the Bishops of the English Church. And these four, in Sept. 1792, united in the consecration of a fifth, elected by the convention of the state of Maryland."
NON-IMPORTATION LAW.
It is wonderful, with what perfect ignorance or inattention the conductors of our public prints will sometimes pass off the most egregious blunders for oracular truths. One of these originates a mistake; while the others republish it without the slightest contradiction. Both of them are to blame for their inattention; for both of them deceive their readers.
The following article, for instance, which first took wing in a Georgia paper, was eagerly republished by the Political Register of Philadelphia, and has thence found its way into many of the northern prints of the continent. But the slightest attention to the article itself would have exposed its fallacy:
The following, says a Georgia paper, is extracted from the 15th article of the treaty between the United States and Great-Britain, which does not expire till the 19th of Nov. 1806:— "Nor shall any prohibition be imposed on the exportation, or importation of any articles to or from the territories of the two parties respectively, which shall not be extended to all other nations."
As a treaty is the supreme law of the land —and as the British has not been annulled—we should humbly presume the non-importation law cannot go into operation until the 19th of November at least; and if goods were seized, might not the treaty be brought as evidence by the defendants?
Phil. Reg. The Federal Editor deemed this a most glorious opportunity for displaying his own ingenuity at the expence of the administration. But the ridicule is here completely misplaced; for the assertion itself is founded upon a most perfect ignorance of the British treaty. Such a criticism upon the non-importation law would have been correct, had the 15th article remained in force, until twelve years after the date of the ratification of the treaty; that is till the 19th of November 1806. But the fact is, that the different articles of this treaty were to hold good for different times:
The 12th ten were to be permanent . The 12th was to continue only two years after the late war in Europe, unless new arrangements could be made on the subject of that article.
All the other articles (except these) were to be limited to 12 years, on condition that the above-mentioned arrangements could be perfected; but if that could not be done, then they were to expire with the 12th article itself.
Every conductor of a paper ought to know, that these two years have long since expired, and no new arrangements have been adopted. Of course not a single article remains, except the first ten. The 15th & all the other articles are most fortunately swept away; the very best provision, indeed, which Mr. Jay's treaty contained. What then becomes of this ridiculous objection to the legality of the non importation law ?
Be his "intents quick'd or charitable?" Our last file of western papers furnishes no new information about Mr. Burr's proceedings in the west. An author in the "Western World" under the signature of "An Observer" (supposed to be Humphrey Marshall, Esq.) assumes the report as true, that Mr. Burr is building "a number of gun-boats and a schooner."
er of a singular construction, on the Ohio river, and enquires for what object this military expedition, is designed. "Whether it is intended (says this writer) for the Spanish mines of Sonora, for the city of New Orleans, or the Spanish territory, or the Gulf of Mexico, or elsewhere is all uncertainty, and conjecture; yet that a blow is to be struck somewhere, I have no doubt."
Query. Is there any connection between this building of gun-boats (if such a plan really exists) and the settling of 200 families near Natchitoches up the Red river , (if this plan too really exists)? See the extract from "the Sciota Gazette" in the preceding columns.
A most destructive fire broke out in the town of St. Thomas, on the first of October. The two extremes were fortunately saved, but the centre which was newly and handsomely built was nearly reduced to ashes, with the merchandise, furniture, and precious effects to a very considerable amount.
The Legislature of Maryland commenced its session at Annapolis, on the 4th inst. The House of Delegates unanimously elected Tobias E. Stanbury, Esq. their speaker.
The Legislature of New-Jersey commenced its session at Trenton on the 28th of October. In the House of Assembly, the relative number of parties, is 22 Republicans to 18 Federalists. They have elected James Cox, Esq. their Speaker.
In the council , composed of thirteen members, the federalists have a majority of one. Joseph Bloomfield, Esq. has been re-elected governor and Aaron D. Woodruff, Esq. re-elected Attorney General, without opposition. It is a singular inconsistency, that the two political parties should be thus almost balanced in the Legislative body, while the republican ticket in the late Congressional election, presented more than twice as many votes as the federal ticket. It is a fact, that James Sloan the lowest candidate on the republican ticket had as many as 10,959 votes, while Aaron Ogden the highest on the federal ticket had no more than 5,789.
WILLIAMSBURG RACES.
The Williamsburg Races commenced on Tuesday the 28th of October. First Day.—A Sweepstakes purse for three years old colts, entrance 50 dollars, 2 mile heats. Doctor Tazewell's b. f. Atalanta, entered by Mr. Allen, 1 1 Mr. Crump's s. h. Citrus 2 dist bolt. Mr. Gibbon's b. v. Miss Teagle dist. Second Day.—The Jockey Club Purse of 400 dols. 4 mile heats. Doctor Dixon's b. h. Doctor 1 1 Mr. Mosby's s. g. Rat 2 2 Mr. Anderson's c. g. Gallant dist. Third Day.—The Proprietors Purse of 200 dols. 2 mile heats. Mr. Wormley's s. f. Selima 1 1 Doctor Tazewell's b. f. Atalanta, entered by Mr. Allen, 2 dist. Doctor Dixon's s. h. Thunder Clap 3 dist. Fourth Day.—A Sweepstakes for mules best 3 in 5 mile heats. Mr. William's Miss Becca 1 1 Mr. Crump's Last Chance 2 2 RO. ANDERSON, Sec'y.
Sales at Auction.
Will be sold without reserve, by the subscribers, on Wednesday the 19th inst.
ABOUT twelve thousand dollars worth of DRY GOODS, consisting of Superfine and fine Cloths, Coarse Cloths and Flannels, Cambric, single and double milled, Corduroys, Thicksets, and Velveteens, Blankets, rose and striped, Cambric 4-4, 9-8 and 6-4, Cotton Shirtings and Dimity, Calicoes and Chintz, Shawls, Cotton and Silk, White and Black Thread Lace, Linen and Cotton H'kfs. Sewing Silk of all colours, An assortment of Nuns and Coloured Thread, Men's and Women's cotton Hosiery, Men's Worsted do. Silk, Leather and Cotton Gloves, Bedticks and Durants, Silk and cotton Umbrellas, Silk, cotton and leather Suspenders, Platillas and Dowlas, India Cottons, Spanish Indigo, and a large assortment of Cutlery and Hardware. Terms of sale—All sums under 50 dols. cash—above 50 dols. and not exceeding 200 dols. 90 days—Above 200 dols. 3 & 6 months—Notes Negotiable at the Bank, with approved endorers will be expected.
Darmstadt, Fofier and Satchell, Auctioners. November 11. eptf.
THE BRICK TENEMENT
lately occupied by Doctor James McClure, and the WOODEN HOUSE and LOT, formerly occupied by Mr. Moses Bates. This property will be sold on the premises, on the eighth day of December next, at Public Auction, to the highest bidder. The terms of Sale—one third of the purchase money payable in two years—another third payable in three years, and the remainder in four years. Bonds with two personal securities to be approved by the subscriber, to be executed by the purchasers, which bonds must carry interest from their dates respectively; the interest to be paid half yearly.
SAMUEL GREENHOW, Attorney for Wm. Langborn, executor of Wm. Dandridge, dec'd. November 11. eptf.
IN CHANCERY.
Louisa County, October Court, 1806. Joseph Beckley against, Robert Bell, Benjamin Henson, James Bates and Warner Broadus, Def'ts. The defendant Robert Bell, not having entered his appearance and given security, according to the act of Assembly and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court, that he is not an inhabitant of this state: therefore on the motion of the plaintiff by his attorney; It is ordered and decreed by the court that the said defendant Bell, do appear here on the second Monday in January next, and answer the plaintiffs bill, and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in some one of the public newspapers printed in the city of Richmond for eight weeks successively, and posted at the front door of the court-house of this county on some court day.
A Copy. Teste, JOHN POINDEXTER, C. L. C. Nov. 11. eo8m
NOTICE. A Petition will be presented to the next General Assembly for leave to erect a Toll Bridge across Mattaponny River at Dunkirk, from the land of John Temple in King and Queen, to the lands of Robert and John Bird in King William.
THE SUBSCRIBERS,
HAVE taken the new BRICK TENEMENT fronting the cross street leading from Col. May's Bridge, and opposite to Messrs. John and Robert Gamble's where they offer for sale under the firm of ISAAC WINSTON, & Co.
THE FOLLOWING ARTICLES: Old Madeira Wine, Olives, Do. Sherry do. Capers, Do. Cognac Brandy, Anchovies, Do. Amigua Rum, Nutmegs, Fresh. Do. Holland Gin, Mace, Hibbert's Brown Stout, Cloves, Do. Porter, Cinnamon, Claret of superior quality, Barley Sugar, Do. Spanish Segars, Barley Sugar Killes, Loaf Sugar, Sugar Almonds, Gunpowder, Brandy Preserves, Imperial, Box Raisins, Young Hyson, Soft Shell'd Almonds, and Superior Currants, Souclong, Pearl Barley, Do. Green Coffee, Playing Cards, First quality Chocolate, Bottle Corks, Do. do. Brown Sugar, Putty in bladders, 2d do. do. Bar Iron assorted, Molasses, Nail Rods, Salt in sacks, German Steel, Rice, Bittered do. Patent Shot, Plain qt. Decanters, English F. F. Gunpowder, Do. Wine Glasses, Brown Soap, Qt. Tumblers, Mould Candles, Pt. do. Northern Cheese, Half pt. do. Ground Ginger, Green pepper Bottles, Black Pepper, Elegant Globe Lamps, Allspice, Window Glass 10 by 12, Salt Petre, Do. do. 8 by 10, Alum, China Coffee cups & saucers, Brimstone, Coppers, Do. Tea do. Glue of superior quality, Do. Teapots, Do. Sugar dishes, Do. Creampots, Do. Slop Bowls, Do. Gailon Bowls, Do. half gl. do. With a general assortment of Stone & Queens Ware.
N. B. Having supplied ourselves with more than two-thirds of the above articles with cash in Philadelphia, we are enabled to dispose of them on the most moderate terms, for cash or country produce. ISAAC WINSTON, JOHN BAUGH. Nov. 11. oaw3m.
LIKENESSES IN MINIATURE.
DEANE will remain a few days at the Bell Tavern, in this City, where specimens of his Painting may be seen. Compensation will be required only for approved likenesses. Nov. 11. eptf.
FOR SALE,
20 Hhds. Molasses, 10 Tun Sweets Iron, 10 Hhds. Loaf Sugar, 8 Chests Young Hyson Tea, 20 Boxes Soap, For terms apply to HENRY HOVEY. Nov. 11. eptf.
FOR SALE,
THE HOUSE and LOT on Shockoe-Hill, at present occupied by Capt. Benjamin Sheppard, possessing every accommodation for a family, and one amongst the most airy & elegant situations in the city. Also—An unimproved LOT adjoining the above. A purchaser will be allowed great accommodation in the payment. THOS. NORVELL. Nov. 11. tf.
NOTICE.
WILL BE SOLD to the highest bidder, on Saturday the 22nd inst., at the Store door of the subscriber. THE residue of the Estate of John Watkins, dec'd. consisting chiefly of Household and Kitchen FURNITURE, a Negro Woman and one Horse. Terms of sale, half cash and the other at six months credit. Bond with approved security will be required. All persons having claims against the Estate, are requested to bring them forward on or before the day of sale properly authenticated, and those indebted will please make immediate payment, as the subscriber intends closing his Administration as soon as he possibly can after the sale is made. J. F. ROBERTSON, Adm'r. Manchester, Nov. 11. tdf.
TAKE this opportunity of informing my friends and the public, that I shall open my house as a private BOARDING HOUSE, and shall be well prepared to receive about Twenty Members of the next Assembly; my house is among one of the most convenient stands; it is situated between the Bank and Barracks, and adjoining the Capitol square. I have, also, an excellent Stable for Eighteen Horses. No pains will be spared to give satisfaction. JOHN P. SHIELDS. November 11. eo5w.
WILLIAMSBURG ACADEMY,
For female education. MUSICK. For the instruction of the young Ladies in this elegant accomplishment, the Institution is fortunate in having obtained Mr. Vogel, one of the best teachers in the United States. IN the literary SCHOOL, an entirely new system of instruction has been adopted, and each pupil will, in the first place, be taught to read and write her own language correctly. Extraordinary exertions will be made to accomplish in the most effectual manner, this essential object, and Murray's excellent course, which commences at the alphabet, and embraces in its progress every necessary exercise, will be strictly pursued. Nothing more need be said of this course, than that it includes the foundation and perfection of an English education. Elegant new Globes, Maps, and Charts, and a complete library, have been provided to facilitate the improvement of the pupils. Terms, £ 15 per quarter for board and tuition, N. B. £ 9 per quarter do. for pupils under 10 years of age. Nov. 11. St.
JOHN SOUTHGATE,
AT the house lately occupied by Messrs. Thomas and Amos Ladd, and directly opposite the Union Tavern, offers for sale, a pretty general assortment of
FALL GOODS,
Well worth the attention of country dealers.—Cash, country produce, or approved paper will be received in payment. ALSO FOR SALE, AS ABOVE, London Particular, Madeira Wine in pipes; and a few boxes Martinique Cordials. October 29. (tf.)
ALL persons having claims against the estate of John Hoomes, dec'd. of the Bowling-Green, are requested to make them known, that provision may be made for a final settlement.—And those indebted must make immediate payment to JOHN HOOMES, and JOHN G. WOOLFOLK, Executors of John Hoomes, dec'd. Jan. 29. tf.

Miscellaneous.
TOURISTS IN AMERICA.
"I've seen---and sure I ought to know."
We have seen with what facility an English tourist can visit the U. States, taste of the "full horn" of our hospitality, and on his return to his native country, employ every effort to vilify every thing about us.
To the Editor of the London Monthly Magazine.
SIR, I have looked over Mr. Parkinson's late "Tour in America," and have found in it some harsh expressions and false conclusions drawn from the premises he has laid down.
The work seems intended to prove, that nature has been extremely unkind to the United States; that the ungrateful soil will never reward the toil of the laborer; and that America seems designed only for convicts.
Another proof is, that the six millions of people who inhabit the United States of America import on an average from five to six millions sterling per annum of British merchandise, for which they pay, otherwise they would not be trusted; and they export to the amount of about thirteen millions sterling a year.
But if new farms recently cleared of their timber do not produce all which we find on the old and long cultivated estates of England, it is no proof that the country is bad or the people miserable.
Let us look back on England two hundred years: Not a hedge, not a turnpike road, waggon or carriage to travel in; none of the fine breed of sheep and cattle now so much and justly admired; nor irrigation, nor the productive system of succession of crops;
But one great object of Mr. Parkinson's book is, to prevent English farmers rendering themselves and families unhappy by going to America. With him I am clearly of opinion that they should not go till they have well weighed every circumstance, and consulted the feelings of those they purpose to carry with them;
During the last peace the Abbe Gregoire came over from France to England, where he made a tour throughout the country, and, from his amiable character and excellent qualities, was received in the best societies in a very hospitable manner.
Hence, if we look into ourselves, and examine the habits we have acquired, we shall find, that, by going to reside in a foreign country, the circumstances change, and the unhappiness or ill success which we experience arises more from ourselves than the defects of the country which we adopt.
I am, Sir, &c. ROBERT FULTON.
The few following facts may serve as slight specimens of this curious tour of the ingenious Mr. Parkinson. There is scarce a Virginian, in his situation in life he what it may, but must perceive them to be most palpably false.
Enter Mr. Parkinson with the cap and bells upon his head.
"The produce is so small and the expense so great, that I never saw any land worth having in America."
"None but those who have been in America would suppose but that there are people to be had for either love or money to do the dirty work; but I have been obliged to clean my own boots and shoes when I had four servants in the house; and myself, wife and family have risen in the morning to milk the cows when our servants were in bed."
"I viewed the oats which were not thrashed and counted the grains on each head, but found no stem with more than four grains, and these of a very light and bad quality, such as I had never seen before. The longest straw was about 12 inches. The wheat was all thrashed, there could not ascertain the produce of that: I saw some of the straw however and thought it had been cut and prepared for the cattle in the winter; But I believe I was mistaken, it being short by nature."
"From my observations on all things, I do not know how a body of people can be nationally rich where the land is poor; for, if the produce costs more in raising and sending to market than it is worth, I cannot see from whence the riches of such a nation are to come."
"I heard a Scotchman who was selling potatoes in Philadelphia Market, say, that they did not sell for no much as they cost getting out of the ground. No money, therefore will be got by that crop."
"When the Hessian Fly did not destroy the wheat, and every thing was what they call prospering, from five to ten bushels per acre was the produce of the parts I am speaking of" [Maryland] (which he says) "is the best farming country in America."
NEW WORK.
The world has done justice to the first volume of Home Tooke's "Diverions of Purley" which formed a new era in the science of Grammar. A second volume was promised in continuation of the subject; but contrary to the wishes of the whole literary world, it was delayed for a considerable time.
The following passage which closes the 2nd volume, is a complete summary of the professed views of its author:
"Now in regard to all these which I have mentioned, and many other abbreviations which I have not yet mentioned; our modern English authors (not being aware of what the language had gained) have been much divided in their opinions: whether we should prefer or censure those who, by adopting a great number of foreign words and incorporating them into the old Anglo-Saxon language, have by degrees produced the modern English.
"I am highly gratified at meeting to day with your Excellency and for respectable a number of American officers, and shall forever remember the words you have spoken."
"I have heard, before, the words of the President; though not from his own mouth: his words are always the same; but what I have this day heard will cause me to sleep more in peace."
"I think I have now but one enemy, (the Osages,) but I believe that will be an eternal one, for it is my belief that it has pleased God to give me that enemy, as it may be between you and Spain."
"The other day when I saw the Spaniards on one side of me, and your people on the other, I was embarrassed; I did not know on which foot to tread: but I am now satisfied; your words have removed my suspense: some other nation felt the same, but they shall hear of our words: they shall go from nation to nation."
"I shall now return home with my people, and pursue our hunting with much more satisfaction, from what I have heard from you; although the color of my skin is red, my heart is white; and whenever any of your people come into our town, they shall be treated by us with all the friendship and kindness in our power to bestow; for although I am poor, I am always well treated whenever I come amongst them."
"I have nothing further to add, only to assure you, that your speech to me is as well recorded in my heart, as what I have said to you is by your pen."
poison. An immediate chemical and critical examination of this medicine by the faculty he thinks indispensable to the lives of their patients and the safety of the community.
NEW-ORLEANS.
On Friday the 5th of September, the Grand Chief of the Caddo nation, accompanied by twelve or fifteen of his warriors, arrived at Natchitoches, and on the following day Governor Claiborne, in the presence of the officers of the army, and many respectable citizens, made to the Chief an address, of which the following is a copy:
Grand Chief of the Caddo Nation.
Friend and Brother, That great and good man, the President of the United States esteem you and your people. Like the rising sun that gives light and comfort to the world, expand the cares of the American chief, and his desire is to promote the happiness of all mankind.
Brother! Let your people continue to hold the Americans by the hand, and with sincerity and in friendship; and the chain of peace will be bright and strong; our children will smoke together and the path will never be colored with blood.
Brother! The President of the United States is the friend of peace, but he fears not war! The time was many years past when a mighty king, who lives beyond the big water, made war upon the Americans, and sent his warriors to conquer our country.
Brother! The President of the United States is just to all nations; but if a nation is unjust to his people, his own warriors can fight his battles.
Brother! We have some dispute about the limits of Louisiana; the Americans suppose that the limits extend far towards the setting sun, but our neighbors, the Spaniards, tell us, that a little dry bayou, which you passed yesterday is the line.
Brother! You know we got the country from the French, and that the Americans now claim all the land which the French formerly possessed.
Brother! The talk (at this time) is not straight between the United States and Spain; but I hope no mischief will ensue, for a council fire is now burning and the beloved men of the two nations are endeavoring to settle the dispute.
Brother! These are my words; I speak in the face of day. And tell what you have heard to the traveller and to the hunter, so that the good talk may pass from mouth to mouth, and from nation to nation, to the very place where the sun sets!
To which address (after the usual solemnity of smoking the pipe) the Chief returned the following answer:
"I am highly gratified at meeting to day with your Excellency and for respectable a number of American officers, and shall forever remember the words you have spoken."
"I have heard, before, the words of the President; though not from his own mouth: his words are always the same; but what I have this day heard will cause me to sleep more in peace."
"I think I have now but one enemy, (the Osages,) but I believe that will be an eternal one, for it is my belief that it has pleased God to give me that enemy, as it may be between you and Spain."
"The other day when I saw the Spaniards on one side of me, and your people on the other, I was embarrassed; I did not know on which foot to tread: but I am now satisfied; your words have removed my suspense: some other nation felt the same, but they shall hear of our words: they shall go from nation to nation."
"I shall now return home with my people, and pursue our hunting with much more satisfaction, from what I have heard from you; although the color of my skin is red, my heart is white; and whenever any of your people come into our town, they shall be treated by us with all the friendship and kindness in our power to bestow; for although I am poor, I am always well treated whenever I come amongst them."
"I have nothing further to add, only to assure you, that your speech to me is as well recorded in my heart, as what I have said to you is by your pen."
Orleans Gazette.
to pass the winter, and to make phyfical and geological observations.
From Fordyce's Comitatus Anglorum for 1806.
Table with 2 columns: Category, Value. Rows include: Inhabitants (10,572,289), Of which under 15 (3,659,796), From 15 to 60 (2,744,847), Volunteers of United Kingdom (700,000), Militia of Great Britain (70,266), Persons employed in England in agriculture (1,524,997), in trade and manufactures (1,789,552), in England there are acres (84,971,000), Scotland (19,565,540), Wales (5,370,000), There are in England scarcely 4 acres to each person, The inhabitants of Ireland are (5,496,944), There dies in Great Britain every year (392,703).
There exists not the scholar, who has not felt that noble apostrophe of Virgil to the happiness of a country life, in his Georgics II. 459.
O Fortunatos nimium, si sua bona norint, &c.
The following version of this celebrated passage is from Sotheby's translation of the Georgics, and is not unworthy of its original. A Virginian must indeed be ignorant of the blessings which he enjoys, to regard its beauties with indifference:
Ah! happy swain! ah! race beloved of heaven! If known thy bliss, how great the blessing given! For thee just earth from her prolific beds Far from wild war spontaneous nurture feeds.
ENOCH SULLIVAN, OFFERS FOR SALE, At his Jewellery Store, nearly opposite the Eagle, COMPLETE assortment of Gold, Gilt, Silver, Plated, Japan'd & Cutlery Ware, Urns, Tea-Pots, Sugar Dishes, Milk Pans and Spoons, Rims and Caskets and bottle Sliders.
With a variety of other articles connected with the above enumerated. Articles of Jewellery or Silver Ware, will be executed to patterns or description, with dispatch. Highest price will be given for old gold or silver.
ENOCH SULLIVAN.
THE SUBSCRIBER, John Williamson, Junior, being desirous of discharging as soon as possible, all of his just debts, unites with the other subscribers, in giving notice, that on Saturday the 22nd day of the present month, between the hours of 10 in the forenoon, and 2 in the afternoon, WILL be offered for ready money, at public sale, on some part of the premises, so much of the TRACT OF LAND, whereon the said John Williamson resides, in Henrico county, as lies between the road near his house and the Land of Dabney Williamson, supposed to contain about one hundred acres.
WILL be offered for ready money, at public sale, on some part of the premises, so much of the TRACT OF LAND, whereon the said John Williamson resides, in Henrico county, as lies between the road near his house and the Land of Dabney Williamson, supposed to contain about one hundred acres.
THE Subscriber has accommodations for Twenty Five Gentlemen of the Legislature. He has also stabling for as many Horses.
ALEXANDER QUARRIER.
M. LEOPOLD VON BUCH, a Member of the Academy of Sciences of Berlin, and an intimate friend to the celebrated Humboldt, has undertaken a voyage, at his own expense, to Iceland, where he intends
NOTICE. In virtue of a decree of the Hulings court of the city of Richmond, in a cause therein depending, between George F. Stras plaintiff, and Lucy H. Southall, and others defendants, I shall, on Friday the 5th day of December next, expose to sale, by public auction, upon the premises, for ready money, the half acre LOT in this city No. 683, upon the street leading from the Capitol square, to the Land of Thomas Rutherford, and which said Lot, is opposite that occupied by Mr. Murphy.
GERMAN GOODS, Just Received from Bremen--consisting of LINENS, OZNAURGS, Roun Sheeting of Tickenburgs, Dowlas, Twilled Sacking, Paxillas, and Heffans and Rolls. Bielefeld Linen.
THE Subscribers, under the firm of Darmstadt, Foster and Satchell, have opened an AUCTION & COMMISSION STORE, at the foot of the Bridge, where they will sell publicly, on every Wednesday and Saturday morning. JOSEPH DARMSTADT, JOHN FOSTER, JOHN SATCHELL.
AT PRIVATE SALE: 40 hogheads } Brown Sugar. 56 barrels } 2 pipes London particular Madeira Wine, 6 tiers Old Apple Brandy, 8 pipes Holland's Gin, 2 cafs German Sheetings, 2 do. do. Dowlas, 1 do. Piatillas, 1 bale Heffans, 2 do. India Cottons. And by the first arrivals from Liverpool, they will receive a large supply of coarse Woolens and Crockery Ware.
THE SUBSCRIBERS, UNDER THE FIRM OF LESUEUR & SAUNDERS, Inform their friends and the public, that they will continue the COMMISSION business, lately done by C. T. Saunders. They promise the strictest attention to the interests of those who may favor them with consignment. They are now receiving a general and extensive assortment of GROCERIES, which will be offered for sale, Wholesale and Retail, on the lowest terms and usual credit, in the store lately occupied by Messrs. Williams McKenzie & Co. opposite the Vending Office of Messrs. Poffler & Mearns--among which are the following articles:
BROWN SUGAR of Bar Iron, German, Crawley's & Bilbiter Steel, Ditto ditto second ditto, Antigua & Jamaica Rum, Best Green Coffee, Very Old Antigua Rum, Salt in Sacks, Holland Gin, Molasses and Treacle, Cogniac Brandy, of very Pickled Salmon, superior quality, Scotch Barley, Race Ginger, Pepper, Madeira, Port, Sherry & Pimento, Nutmegs, Malaga Wine, Mace, Cloves & Cinnamon, Fresh Muscatei Raisins & Currants, Fresh London Mustard, Soft Shelled Almonds, in small boxes, Copperas, Best Florant Indigo and Saltpetre, Fig Blue, of superior quality, in boxes of 20 lbs. each, English F F Gunpowder, Fresh Capers, Oil, &c. Patent Shot, well assorted, Fresh Gunpowder, Hibbert's Brown Stout, Tea in Canisters, and Porter, Ditto by the lb. Best Spanish Segars, Young Hyson do. of the Caldwell, Frafer & Co's 5th quality, Superfine Chocolate, New-York Candles and Soap, N. England & Bullock's Spermacetti Candles, Chees.
JOHN L. LESUEUR, C. H. SAUNDERS.
THE Subscriber, has taken the Store lately occupied by Granberry and Hancock, where he offers for sale at reduced prices, 8 Bales blue Cloths } A consignment from the 1 Bale assorted Flannels } Manufacturers. Also--A few bales of India piece Goods.
JAMES SMITH.
MARSHAL'S SALES.
TO BE SOLD, to the highest bidder, for ready money, under a decree of the Court of the United States for the Fifth Circuit in the Virginia District, between Phineas Bond, attorney for the creditors of Ezekiel Edwards, plaintiff, and David Ross and others, defendants, in order to raise the sum of twelve thousand five hundred and fifteen dollars thirty-three cents, due and payable on the first day of July next, and sundry charges and expenses of sale--That valuable and well known estate in the county of Botetourt, called FORT LEWIS, sitated by the said Ross to contain 2608 acres.
The sale will take place on the premises on the 14th day of November next. Also, under the same decree and on the same terms, will be sold at the Oxford Iron Works, in the county of Campbell, on the 18th of the same month, a number of VALUABLE SLAVES.
BENJAMIN MOSBY, D. M. for JOSEPH SCOTT, M. V. D.
At the request of Mr. Ross, the sale of the Land above-mentioned, called Fort Lewis, is postponed until the 29th day of next month, when it will take place at the Eagle Tavern in the city of Richmond; and the sale of the Negroes, is postponed until the 6th day of December next, on which day it will take place at the Eagle Tavern aforesaid.
BENJAMIN MOSBY, D. M. for JOE SCOTT, M. V. D.
PICKLING VINEGAR.
OF superior quality, made from two years old cider--For sale by WILLIAM HART, Opposite the State House.
ALSO SALT, loose and in sacks, 30 Barrels cut HERRINGS, Brown SUGAR in barrels and by retail, COFFEE, TEA and other Groceries, Philadelphia bottled PORTER, Do. Draft BEER.
September 19. epf.
UNION TAVERN.
THE Subscriber is prepared to furnish genteel accommodations for twenty members of Assembly. PETER MOSELEY.
October 28. tf.
NOTICE.
A PETITION will be presented by William Fitchett to the next General Assembly of Virginia, praying that a law may pass to establish a ferry across Piankatank river from my land in Matthews County, to the land of the late Thomas E. Churchill, dec'd. of Middlesex county.
WILLIAM FITCHETT.
September 13. cof.