Virginia Argus (Richmond, Va.), 1804-03-03 00:00:00

The VIRGINIA ARGUS.
[VOL. XI.]
A FREE PRESS MAINTAINS THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE PEOPLE.
[No. 1120]
RICHMOND:—PRINTED (ON WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS) BY SAMUEL PLEASANTS, JUNIOR, PRINTER OF THE LAWS OF THE UNITED STATES.
[FOUR DOLLARS PER ANNUM—PAID IN ADVANCE.]
SATURDAY, MARCH 3, 1804.
[12 1-2 CENTS SINGLE]
Advertisements, not exceeding a square in length, are inserted in this paper for seven and a half cents the first time; three dollars for three weeks (6 times); and for every additional insertion thirty-three cents. Long ones in the same proportion—unless a special contract be made by the year.
Notice.
ALL those who are indebted to the estate of John Thomson, sen. formerly of Petersburg, to that of Ann Thomson, of the same place, or John Thomson, sen. formerly attorney at Law, are requested to come forward and make immediate payment, as further indulgence cannot be shewn. Those to whom their several estates are indebted, are requested to come forward immediately with their accounts properly authenticated, and receive payment.
All persons having any claims against the subscriber, are desired to bring them forward between this and the 1st day of April. Those indebted to him will perceive the necessity from this public notice, of immediate payment.
Intending to leave this state by the middle of April, he now offers for SALE.
That valuable Tenement,
Whereon he resides, in the town of Manchester, consisting of a dwelling house and all necessary out houses, an excellent well, good garden, and three acres of land attached to it; the situation is healthy and agreeable.
He also offers for Sale, a NEGRO MAN, by trade a shoe-maker—a NEGRO WOMAN, who understands cooking, and her child, a girl of three years old.
For the property offered, he will receive good bonds, or western lands in payment. Persons disposed to trade, will apply to the subscriber, living in Manchester.
WILLIAM THOMPSON, Esq. Of John Thomson and Ann Thomson, dec. and administrator on the estate of John Thomson, dec. Manchester, 3d Jan 1804.
To be Sold, for ready Money,
at Hanover Town, on Thursday, the 15th day of March next, from twelve to fifteen VERY LIKELY.
NEGROES,
Belonging to the estate of John White, dec. late of King William county, to discharge the balance of a judgment obtained by Archibald Gowan's executors, against said deceased, as security for the late Carter Braxton, esq. dec. Among those negroes are several boys and girls, and two or three others.
THE ADMINISTRATOR.
King William, Feb 14, 1804 [3w]
Louisa County, February
Court, 1804.
Henry Carter and Fanny his wife late Fanny Clarkson, Joseph Duff and Lucy his wife late Lucy Clarkson, Thomas Jones and Catherine his wife late Catherine Clarkson, John Clarkson and James Clarkson, Charles Cluck, Francis Hodges and Elizabeth his wife late Elizabeth Cluck, Stephen Foster and Nancy Foster by Thomas Gardner their guardian and next friend, Sally Johnson, Benjamin Johnson, Polly Johnson, Charles Medlock, Susanna McLock by Joseph Sanford her guardian and next friend, William Forster and Anne his wife late Anne Mell, William Hadley, Charles Hadley, Agatha Hadley, Henry Hadley, George Hadley, Mary Mellock, Agatha Mellock, and George Mellock, heirs of George Mellock, deceased, plaintiffs.
AGENTS John Dickinson, Frederick Harris and William Turner.
The defendant Dickinson, not having entered his appearance and given security according to the act of assembly and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that said Dickinson is not an inhabitant of this state: It is ordered and decreed by the court, that the said Dickinson do appear here on the second day of May next to answer the complaintants' bill; and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in some of the Richmond newspapers for eight weeks successively, and published at the front door of this courthouse on some court day.
A copy, Teste, JOHN POINDEXTER, c. c.
By virtue of a deed of trust executed to me by William Clement of the county of Amelia, for the purpose of securing a certain debt due from said Wm. Clement to Samuel Ford and Pinkishman D. Booker, acting admrs of Isham Clement, dec. will be exposed to sale, for ready money, at Chinquapin church, on Saturday the 10th day of March next.
A Tract of Land,
Lying in the said county of Amelia, adjoining the lands of Pinkishman D. Booker, Allen Burton, Samuel Allen, &c. containing by estimation 200 acres, or as much thereof as will be sufficient to satisfy the debt mentioned in the said deed.
JOHN WILY, Trustee. Amelia, Feb 6, 1804. w3t
Lost, a Tobacco Note,
Inspected at Byrd's Warehouse, the 5th January last—No. 1172, 184 12 1/2 Net. I will give a reward of Two Dollars to any person who will deliver the said note to me, or the inspectors at the said warehouse, notifying at the same time, it will not be legal for any person to purchase the said note, as I shall take the legal mode of law directed. (w3t) JOHN JORDAN. Goochland, 21st February, 1804.
To cover, the ensuing season, at my stable in Chesterfield county, near Goode's and Bevil's Bridges, the high-bred, well-known English, Racer
DRUID,
A CHESTNUT, elegantly formed, near sixteen hands high, twelve years old—His performances have been equal to any horse in England, as will appear by reference to the Racing Calendars—He will be let to mares at SIX GUINEAS the season, which may be discharged by the unconditional payment of Twenty Dollars during the season: Three Guineas the leap, to be paid down; and Ten Guineas insurance, and One Dollar to the Groom in each case—the insurance money demandable, if the property of the mare be changed after the first of August next, at which time the season will expire.—Good and extensive pasture, and the board of boys sent with mares. GUARANTEES! but I will not be responsible for escapes or accidents. Mares will be fed on moderate terms, if required, for which the money must be sent. THOMAS BRANCH. February 22d, 1804.
DRUID was bred by Earl Grosvenor, and got by Potooooooo, (son of Eclipse) his dam (the famous Maud of Oaks) by King Herod; his granddam, Rarity, by Matchem; his great granddam, called Snap Dragon, by Snap; his great granddam, by Regulus; his great, great, great granddam, by Bartlett's Children; his great, great, great, great granddam, by Honeywood's Arabian, out of the dam of the two True Blues. DRUID started (for the first time) at New-Market, in the Craven Meeting, 1793, for a Sweepstakes of 500 guineas each, (4 subscribers) and ran a dead heat with the Duke of Bedford's Top Gallant, brother to Sky Scraper, who the same day beat Lord Egremont's Gohanna for another Sweepstakes. In the same Meeting, Druid won a Sweepstakes of 1000 guineas each, (3 subscribers) beating the Duke of Bedford's Hydra.
In 1794, New-Market Craven Meeting, Druid won a Sweepstakes of 500 guineas each, (3 subscribers) D I beating the Duke of Bedford's Top Gallant; and in the same Meeting won the second class of the Outland Stakes of 50 guineas each, (21 subscribers) beating Kit Carr, Esquire, man, Buzzard, Coriander, Gohanna, Heroine, Patriot, and several others.
In 1795, he only started once, being used chiefly as a trial horse. In 1796, New Market first Spring Meeting, he won a Sweepstakes of 500 guineas each, (4 subscribers) beating Mr. Churchill's Poet, and giving him 19lbs. the two mid 18lbs. The day following he won a plate of 500, beating Lord Sackville's Silver, Mr. Wilson's Eliza, and Mr. Lord's Melpomene, the round course, 4 miles. Eliza afterwards won the King's Plate, and a great subscription at York.
In 1797, Druid won the second class of the Outland Stakes, bearing Viret, Spread Eagle, and many others. He also won the main of the Oatland Stakes, beating the famous horse Benington.
In 1798, Druid won a 50. Plate at New-Market; beating Sir C. Bunbury's Grey Hound and Mr. Gardner's mare, the round course—and won the Duke of Marlborough's Plate at Oxford, beating Mr. Lade's Truss, 3 mile heats. w8t
ADMIRAL NELSON,
Eight years old last spring, a beautiful well formed brown bay horse, imported last fall by William Lighthorse, Esq. and now his property, fifteen hands three inches and a half high, full of strength, health and vigor, and inferior to no horse either for speed or bottom; of fine bone and muscle and unequalled activity; Will stand at my stables this season in Powhatan county, 20 miles above Richmond, on Jones river, and will be let to mares at Three Guineas the leap paid down, and Six the season, with 4s 6d to the groom; but the season may be discharged by the payment of 20 dollars, on or before the 1st November. The season will end 1st August. Good and extensive pastures gratis, and servants found while attending their mares. No responsibility for involuntary escapes or accidents. This horse has not run many races but his performances will sufficiently justify the opinion of Lord Grosvenor and his son, who certify that they considered him the best three year old in England, which may be seen under their hands and seals.
In October 1798, at New-Market, he won a sweepstakes of 1400 guineas, 12 subscribers at 200 guineas each, half forfeit, colts carrying 8 stone 3lbs fillies 8 stone, beating Sir Harry, Mr. Cookson's b. c. by Sir Peter, Mr. Perrin's b. c. Young Javelin, Sir Francis Standish's ch. c. Split Pigeon—5 to 4 against Admiral Nelson, 7 to 4 against Sir Harry, 6 to 1 against Split Pigeon, and 10 to 1 against Young Javelin.
In 1799 he won a sweepstakes of 1600 guineas, 14 subscribers at 200 guineas each, beating Lord Egremont's b. c. by Percy, out of Bob Tail, Mr. Perrin's b. c. Javelin, and Mr. Golding's Boaster—3 to 1 on Admiral Nelson. In 1800, he got so much injured in his practice that he did not come on the turf again until 1803, when he won a purse of £50, 4 mile heats, beating several fine horses—See Sporting Magazine for this year.
PEDIGREE.
ADMIRAL NELSON was bred by Lord Grosvenor, got by John Bull, and foaled in 1795; his dam Olivia, by Justice; her dam Cypher by Squire out of Fribble's dam, by Regulus—See Supplement to the Stud Book, page 51.
JOHN HARRIS. N. B. Notes for the six guineas must be sent with the mares. w3m
Life of Washington.
SUBSCRIPTIONS for this valuable work are received by Samuel Pleasants, Jr.
The beautiful and thorough bred Horse,
DUNGANNON,
Imported by John Taylor, Esq. of Mount Airy, WILL stand the ensuing season, at my house, in New Kent county, and will cover mares at the moderate price of Four Dollars the leap, and Twelve Dollars the season; which may be discharged by the payment of Eight Dollars, if paid by the 10th of August, at which time the season will expire.
Good and extensive pasture gratis, but I will not be answerable for escapes or other accidents. Mares may be fed at the usual price of grain, and servants boarded, gratis.
WILLIAM MEAUX. (wam)
PEDIGREE.
I do hereby certify, that the Bay Colt I sold John Taylor, Esq. of Mount Airy, was bred by me, and is now three years old: was got by Dungannon; dam by Conductor; granddam (First) by Squirrel; great granddam (Helen) by Blank; great great granddam by Crab, out of an own sister to Old Partner.
D O'KELLY, (Seal) Dated Cannons, Middlesex, Sept 1st, 1797.
I do certify the above to be the pedigree I received from Mr. O'Kelley, of my imported colt Dungannon, sold this day to William Harris and Paul Thilman, for Five Hundred Guineas. I have sold him out of training, intending to have run him here for to-morrow's purfe. JOHN TAYLOR. Tunbridge, May 14, 1799.
FOR SALE,
The Tract of Land,
WHEREON the subscriber now lives, containing 710 acres, within one mile of Lunenburg courthouse, and on the waters of Couch's creek; 600 acres of said land is in woods, the balance is cleared and in fine order for cropping. The buildings and other improvements are excellent, and the land generally good. The terms will be made easy; one half of the purchase money will be required on giving possession, and the balance in twelve months. JOSEPH SMITH. Lunenburg, 22d Feb 1804. w3t
Run away from the Sub-
scriber about the first of January, a negro man, named HARRY; he is a small fellow and very dark complexion, with large full eyes, particularly when alarmed or intoxicated, which he will often be if he can get liquor. He had when he went off a blue coat, negro cotton breeches and a white hat with a very large crown—he told some of the negroes in the neighborhood that he should go to the city of Washington to see his brother, who is the property of Mr. Richard Frazier of that place, but that he should first go by the way of Richmond and endeavor to procure a free pass, and from thence to Washington. Any person who will take up the said negro and secure him in jail so that I get him again, shall receive TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD. THOS. R. EVANS. King William county, Frazier's } Perry, February 16, 1804. [4w]
Juniper-Hill for Sale.
A VALUABLE TRACT OF LAND, lying in Lunenburg county, upon Meherrin river, containing about 1200 acres, of which nearly 200 are in cultivation, & a body of unclaimed land of 6 or 700 acres, almost entirely prime soil for tobacco, superior to the most, and it is presumed, inferior to none, in this part of the country: The improvements are valuable, a good dwelling house two storied, with every accustomed out house, barns, orchards, &c. The tract would with convenience limit a division into two or three distinct ones, with buildings of inferior value to each; it is well watered, and peculiarly adapted to the cultivation of grass. Distance from Richmond 80, from Petersburg 65 miles. Credit for one half, or more if required, of the purchase, will be given. For more particular information, application may be made to the subscriber residing on the premises, or during the ensuing session of assembly, to Capt. Tyre G. Bacon, a member from Nottoway county, who has particular knowledge of the land. WILLIAM COWAN. November, 1803. w3m
Advertisement.
TAKEN up and committed to the jail of Washington county, a runaway negro man, about 5 feet 8 or 9 inches high, supposed to be between 30 and 40 years of age, says his name is JERRY, thin visage—had on when brought to jail a drab colored coat, blue overalls, and with him a number of clothes, among which is a broad rib'd dimity jacket. He says that he belongs to John Walker a Cherokee Indian, and was sold to the said Walker by a Mr. Teel of Tennessee. He was committed to the jail of this county the 11th day of December last. The owner is requested to come and prove his property, pay charges and take him away. JAMES LONGLEY, Jailor. Washington county Virginia, } Jan. 9th, 1804. w3m
The third volume of
BACON'S ABRIDGMENT, 5th Dublin edition. This book I have reason to believe was lent by Mr. James Rind to some gentleman of the law, I will therefore thank the gentleman of that profession in this city, to examine their libraries for said book, and return it, if found, to their humble servant, JOHN SEABROOK. Richmond, 24th Feb 1804. 2w
I intend shortly to resign
my trust of the estate of Paul Thilman, late of Hanover county, dec. BENJ: POLLARD. 24th Feb. 1804. 2
VIRGINIA:
At a Court continued and held for Halifax county, the 24th day of August, 1803.
Isaac Medley and Nancy his wife, late Nancy Cook, Robert Carter and Unity his wife, late Unity Cook, John Cook, Edmund Cook, Jarratt W. Cook, Elizabeth F. Cook, Richard Claiborne in right of his late wife Sally Cook, Patsy Cook and Rebecca Cook by Elizabeth Cook their guardian, and Richard Cook by Isaac Medley his guardian, heirs and legal distributees of John Cook, dec. plaintiffs.
AGAINST
Henry Cook, administrator of John Cook, dec. defendant.
THE subpoena in this cause having been duly executed, and the defendant failing to answer the plaintiff's bill within the time by law prescribed after the filing of the same: Therefore, on the motion of the plaintiffs by their counsel, the said bill is taken for confessed; and it is decreed and ordered, that the plaintiffs recover against the said defendant the sum of one hundred pounds current money, the value of the land in the bill mentioned, unless the said defendant shall shew cause to the contrary at or before the next quarterly session court to be held for the said county in November next, he being first duly served with a copy of this decree. A Copy, Teste, BERRYMAN GREEN, D. C. H. C.
VIRGINIA:
At a Court continued and held for Halifax county, the first day of December, 1803.
Isaac Medley and Nancy his wife, late Nancy Cook, Robert Carter and Unity his wife, late Unity Cook, John Cook, Edmund Cook, Jarratt W. Cook, Elizabeth F. Cook, Richard Claiborne in right of his late wife Sally Cook, Patsy Cook and Rebecca Cook by Elizabeth Cook their guardian, and Richard Cook by Isaac Medley his guardian, heirs and legal distributees of John Cook, dec. plaintiffs.
AGAINST
Henry Cook, administrator of John Cook, dec. defendant.
IT appearing to the satisfaction of the court, that the defendant is not an inhabitant of this state: On the motion of the plaintiffs by their counsel, It is Ordered, that the decree entered in this cause on the twenty-fourth day of August last, be made final, unless the defendant do appear and shew cause to the contrary at or before May court next; and that a copy of the said decree and this order be forthwith inserted in some one of the newspapers published in the city of Richmond, for eight weeks successively. A Copy, Teste, BERRYMAN GREEN, D. C. H. C.
At a Court held for Buckingham county, the 9th day of January, 1804.
Robert Smith, vs. James McDowell and Samuel Rogers, } Chas. Defts } copy
THE defendants not having entered their appearance and given security according to the act of assembly and the rules of this court and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that they are not inhabitants of this state; on the motion of the plaintiff by his counsel, It is ordered that the said defendants do appear here on the second Monday in April next, and answer the bill of the plaintiff; and that a copy of this order be forthwith published in one of the public newspapers printed in the city of Richmond, for two months successively, and also posted at the front door of the courthouse of this county. A Copy, Teste, BOLLING BRANCH, B. C.
JOHN WINSTON AND STANHOPE ROYSTER,
Take this method of informing their friends and the public in general, that they have just commenced the
Hatting Business,
in the city of Richmond, on the main street, opposite the Bell Tavern, where they intend carrying on the same in all its various branches—they assure the public their commands shall be attended to with punctuality and dispatch, and hope from their assiduity to merit a share of their patronage. November 5th, 1803. [ec06m]
Bartlett Still,
IS OPENING A GENERAL ASSORTMENT OF
FANCY GOODS,
In the house lately occupied by Mr. William Mewburn, next door to Messrs Ellis & Allan, viz Chinizes and Calicoes; Lace Cloaks and Veils; Fine Laces and Edgings; Lustrings and Satins; Silk Muslins; Italian Grapes; Feathers and Flowers; fashionable Ribbands; Silk and Cotton Trimming; Satin Umbrellas; Gloves and Glove Ties; Molekin Vest Patterns; Plated Ware and Jewellery; Fine Guns and Pistols; Gold and Silver Watches and Clocks; warranted Gold and Silver Trimming, new patterns; Gunpowder Tea and Spanish Segars, of a superior quality. N. B. B. offers his services to his friends and the public to transact
Vendue & Commission
BUSINESS.
Those who may please to favor him with their business may depend on good treatment, as great exertions will be made to give satisfaction. PRODUCE and GOODS STORED and delivered on the shortest notice. w6m Richmond, 14th Dec. 1803.
Committed to Amherst
jail, the 5th of October last, a negro man who calls himself SIMON and says he belongs to John Hooper of Caroline county, state of Maryland. Said negro is of a low stature, thick set, hoarse voice and dark complexion. GEO. W. VARNUM, Jailor. Nov. 30, 1803. w6m
MASSACHUSETTS LEGISLATURE.
Debate on the Amendment to the Constitution.
IN SENATE.—WEDNESDAY, Feb. 1.
THE resolution for the ratification of the Amendment being read from the chair, and no gentleman rising to speak on the subject.
Mr. Pickman requested the mover of the resolution to state to the Senate his reasons in favor of it.
To which Mr. Bidwell replied. Mr. President, Having had the honor of moving the resolution, which is now before the Senate, I feel myself called upon by the honorable gentleman from Essex to assign the reasons, which induced me to make the motion.—They consist of objections to the present constitutional mode of electing the President and Vice-President of the United States, and a consideration of the superior advantages of that, which is contained in the amendment proposed by the constitutional majorities of both houses of Congress.
Before we attend, however, to the comparative merits of the two modes of election, it will be proper to pay a moment's attention to the subject of amending the Constitution generally. For the propriety of making any amendment whatever has been denied on general grounds.
It is easy, Sir, for the opposers of a particular amendment to call it an attack upon the Constitution, to declaim against innovation, and excite an alarm and apprehension of danger from any alteration in that national instrument, which, it is contended, ought to be held sacred and inviolate. Such grounds of opposition have been resorted to against the amendment now proposed. Let us examine their solidity.
It is readily admitted that a Constitution is the commission from the people to their constituted agents. It is the authority, under which the legislative, executive and judicial departments of government act, and by which, of course, their respective acts must be limited and tested. So long as any constitutional provision remains, it is to be inviolably observed, as the supreme law of the land. But altho' supreme and paramount, while it continues in force, it is not, for that reason, like the laws of the Medes and Persians, unalterable. On the contrary, it is, in its very nature, liable to be altered and repealed.—This is an essential principle of Republican government; and has been successfully adopted in practice by the several states, and by the United States. The present federal Constitution is itself an amendment of the first Constitution of the Union. The improvement was indeed so radical and general, that it may perhaps be properly called a renovation of the articles of Confederation. The fifth article of this amended system recognises the important principle of further amendment, and makes a wise provision for carrying it into effect. No part of the Constitution discovers more knowledge of civil society or more acquaintance with human nature. The convention were sensible that it was impossible for any human intellect to foresee the precise operation of any part of so complex a system. Practice united, of course, to point out defects and errors, and amendments became necessary, to correct such errors, and supply such defects. The circumstances, the wants and wishes of the nation might also change, and require corresponding changes in the Constitution. For a government, in order to render the people governed by it happy, ought to be adapted to their deliberate choice. The process of amendment provided for this purpose furnishes a happy medium between the extremes of innovation and instability, on the one hand, and obstinate perseverance in discovered errors and inconveniences, on the other. This was considered so valuable and necessary a part of the Constitution, at the time of its adoption, that it would not have been adopted without it. It was the turning point in the Convention of this Commonwealth. The question was whether amendments should be made a condition of the adoption, or be left to the good sense of the nation, to be introduced, in the constitutional manner, as experience and sober reflection might direct, from time to time, whenever two thirds of both Houses of Congress, and three fourths of the state legislatures should think necessary or proper. In this peaceful manner, eleven amendments have already been added; two or three soon after the government went into operation; and the eleventh, respecting the snability of the states, at a subsequent period, on the motion of this Commonwealth, when an event had occurred to show its propriety. So that the Constitution, as it now stands, is a system of progressive amendments. And I ask every gentleman, who hears me, whether they have not been real improvements? Have they not rendered the Constitution more perfect? More acceptable to the great body of our citizens,

and better adapted to the end of all good government? Were they attended with any popular agitations or inconveniences? Have they tended to alienate, or conciliate the public mind? Have they created, or removed discontent? Have they weakened or strengthened the affection and attachment of our citizens? Certainly, Sir, the voice of experience, our best instructor on the subject, has pronounced the constitutional process of amending the Constitution to be safe and salutary. There can, then, be no such objection of a general nature to the amendment under consideration.
The true question for us to decide is, not whether the amendment now proposed is the best that could be devised? It is a question of comparison, not with any other contemplated modification of the amendment, but between this and the existing provision. However a vote against it in another place, in the House of Representatives of the U. States, might be considered not as a final negative, but rather as an evidence of predilection for the resolution, which had been passed by that House, and not concurred in by the Senate. However it might be there, it is different here. It is not our duty, as it is that of the two Houses of Congress, to propose any amendment; but simply to ratify, or reject it, when proposed. And whether it is, in the judgment of any gentleman, the very best, that is possible, or not, it ought to be ratified, if it is found upon a candid comparison, to be preferable to that for which it is offered as a substitute. It is properly a question of preference.
The proposed amendment contains four variations from the existing clause of the Constitution. The first and principal one is the discrimination of electoral votes. The second is consequential and subordinate to the first; that, in an eventual choice by the House of Representatives, the selection shall be made, not as at present "from the five highest on the list," but "from the persons having the highest numbers, not exceeding three." The third respects the election of the Vice-President, requiring a majority of votes to constitute an election, and for want of such majority, authorising the Senate to make a selection "from the two highest numbers." The fourth is a provision that in case of a vacancy in the Presidency, by a non-election, the Vice-President shall act as President. These are the only material alterations. The Constitutional article, proposed to be amended, has been said to have been introduced near the close of the national convention, as a substitute for others which had been moved and objected to, after most of the contested principles of the Constitution had been settled, and when the members were not only fatigued and impatient, but unwilling to hazard anything unnecessarily by entering upon new grounds of debate. It was in some respects novel; but it was adopted. So far as relates to the indiscrimination of electoral votes, the convention who formed the constitution, and those who ratified it in the several states, were alike destitute of any instruction derived from history, or from our own national or state experience. It was an untried theory, having never been attempted in practice. Its practical operation and effects were, for that reason, more likely to be miscalculated. It is, therefore, emphatically within the spirit, as well as the letter of the clause providing for occasional revision and amendment. During the two first presidential terms, it attracted no special notice, from the peculiar state of the country, at that period; a state, which will not probably recur in a century. There was then one character in whom all parties had confidence. Washington had no competitor for the Presidency. The only competition was for the Vice Presidency. While both parties thus united in one common candidate for the first office, but divided between rival candidates for the second, there was a virtual designation, as real and as effectual, as if it had been written on the ballots. An equality of votes, with all its inconveniences and dangers, was absolutely excluded. But as soon as there was a competition for the Presidency, the attention of the public was turned to this constitutional point. The impropriety of a want of discrimination became a subject of conversation in private circles, and of publications in newspapers. At length it excited legislative attention. As early as the year 1798, the Legislature of New Hampshire passed a resolve in favor of amending this part of the Constitution. Their resolve, sanctioned by the approbatory signature of Governor GILMAN, was communicated to the General Court of this Commonwealth; who expressed their concurrence, by a resolve, which I take the liberty to read. "Resolve on the letter from His Excellency Governor Gilman, requesting the Senators and Representatives of this state to cause an amendment in the Constitution of the United States, respecting the choice of President and Vice President." "Resolved, that the Senators and Representatives of this state, in the Congress of the United States, be, and they hereby are, requested to use their best endeavors, that Congress propose to the legislatures of the several states, the following amendment to the Constitution of the United States; viz." "That the Electors of President and Vice President, in giving in their votes, shall respectively distinguish the person whom they desire to be President, from the one they desire to be Vice President, by an- noting the words, "President" or "Vice President," as the case may require, to the proper name of the person voted for, with such modifications as may appear necessary for completing the election of Vice President, and in all other respects as far as may be, in conformity to the principles of the second article of the said Constitution: "Further resolved, that his Excellency the Governor be, and he is hereby requested to communicate the foregoing resolve to the Supreme Executive of the state of New Hampshire, and also to transmit the same to the Senators and Representatives of this Commonwealth in Congress." This resolve, in substance, was reported unanimously by a committee of both houses, composed of gentlemen of different politics. After a formal discussion, in consequence of which several amendments were inserted, it was adopted by a great majority, and received the approbation of Governor Sumner, Feb. 28th, 1799. The next year the legislature of Vermont passed similar resolutions on the subject; upon the communication of which, the General Court of this Commonwealth, on the fourth of March 1800, again passed a concurrent resolve; which the Senate will permit me to read. "Resolve on the letter from the Governor of the state of Vermont, requesting the Lieutenant Governor to transmit the same, as mentioned in said resolve." "Whereas the legislature of the State of Vermont, on the fifth of November last, passed two resolves, in the words following, viz." "STATE OF VERMONT" "In General Assembly, Windsor, November 5, 1799." "Resolved, that the Senators and Representatives of this State, in the Congress of the United States, be, and they hereby are requested to use their best endeavors, that Congress propose to the legislatures of the several States, the following amendment to the Constitution of the United States, to wit:—That the Electors of President and Vice President, in giving in their votes, shall respectively distinguish the person whom they desire to be President, from the one they desire to be Vice President, by annexing the words, President or Vice President, as the case may require, to the proper name voted for; and the person having the greatest number of votes for Vice President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors chosen, shall be Vice President; and if there be no choice, and two or more persons shall have the highest number of votes, and those equal, the Senate shall immediately choose, by ballot, one of them for Vice President; and, if no person have a majority, then, from the five highest on the list, the Senate shall in like manner, choose the Vice President. But, in choosing the Vice President, the votes shall be taken by States, the Senators from each State having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two thirds of the States; and a majority of all the States shall be necessary to a choice. And in case the Senators and Representatives, in Congress, shall find that the aforesaid amendment is not conformable to the sentiments of a constitutional majority of both branches of the national legislature, they are hereby requested, so to modify the same, as to meet the sentiments of such majority: Provided, however, that any amendment which may be agreed on, shall oblige the Electors to designate the person they desire to be the President, from the one whom they desire may be Vice President." "Resolved, that his Excellency the Governor be requested forthwith to transmit the same to the Senators and Representatives of this State in Congress; and also transmit the same to the Supreme Executives of the several States." Which resolves have been communicated by the Supreme Executive of the State of Vermont to the Supreme Executive of this Commonwealth. "Resolved, that the legislature of this Commonwealth have a high sense of the wisdom and patriotism of the legislature of the State of Vermont, and accord with them in the opinion, that it is expedient that the Constitution of the United States be amended in the manner contemplated in the aforesaid resolves of the legislature of the State of Vermont." "Resolved, further, that the Senators and Representatives of this State, in the Congress of the United States, be, and they hereby are requested to adopt the necessary measures to effect the amendment aforesaid." "Resolved, further, that his Honor the Lieutenant Governor, be, and he hereby is requested to communicate the foregoing resolves to the Supreme Executive of the State of Vermont, and also to transmit copies thereof to the Senators and Representatives of this Commonwealth in the Congress of the U. States." It is worthy of observation that the members of Congress were requested to agree to any modifications, which might be found necessary to obtain a constitutional majority of both Houses of Congress, provided the great object of the amendment, the principle of discrimination should be secured. Such modifications are incorporated into that, which is at length proposed by Congress and is now under consideration. Although they have resulted from the same spirit of compromise, which attended the original formation of the Constitution, I trust they will be all found upon examination to be real improvements. These legislative calls from the East and the North, were echoed from the South. The State of South Carolina concurred in the proposition. A member of Congress, from that State as well as members from the States already mentioned, moved the subject at different times. But no great event had then occurred to impress a sense of its immediate urgency; and various causes combined to retard its progress, and delay a final determination. When this State thus repeatedly adopted the principle of this amendment it was not a party measure. Both political parties united in it. Even a majority of the present members of the Senate have, either in this or the other House already voted once, and many of them twice in favor of it. This circumstance is not mentioned for the sake of foreclosing a reconsideration of the subject; nor with a view to deprive any gentleman of the honor of consistency, if he should think proper to give a vote on the present contrary to his former votes. Although, as the question was heretofore considered to have no particular bearing upon any pending or expected election, and no relation whatever to the state of parties, I hope it will not be thought indelicate in me to suggest that gentlemen, who then supported the measure, but now find their opinion changing with the change of the times, ought to distrust the operations of their own minds, to guard against the secret influence of political bias, and cautiously review the grounds of their judgment, before they take a step so apparently inconsistent. The reputation of this Commonwealth, for consistency and uniformity, is indeed concerned in the decision, which is now to be made. But Sir, my principal object in referring to the history of this proposition, is to prove, particularly by an appeal to the members of this board, that it did not originate in party considerations, but in a regard to the general welfare; that it was not adapted to a single case only, but calculated for permanent use; in short, that it resulted from a general conviction of an error in the constitution, and a sincere desire to correct and amend it. The present constitutional mode of election is liable to a number of objections. It is objectionable, because it is built upon a false hypothesis; an hypothesis proved by experience to be false. It supposes two candidates not only both qualified for the Presidency and Vice Presidency, but equally qualified, and each of them equally adapted to either of those offices; and that there is no preference of one to the other, in the public estimation, or the choice of the Electors. I contend that there is always an inequality of qualifications, and an elective preference between the candidates. This appears to me to be verified by the experience both of the United States and this Commonwealth. Perhaps some gentlemen will not subscribe to the opinion in its full extent; but no one will deny that it has been, and may again be the case, in some instances. And, if it is true, in any instance the Constitution is impeached; for it does not authorise a designation of such an actual preference; and, therefore, does not provide for a true expression of the public will. It is a radical principle of our Republican government, that the majority, and not the minority shall govern. In electing the will of the majority is the will of the nation. To defeat that will, is a perversion of the elective or representative system. To subject the majority to the minority, the many to the few, is the essence of aristocracy or oligarchy. Our Constitution intended the Electors to be the organs of the people to express their elective will. The choice of a majority of the Electors ought to be considered the choice of the nation. But that choice is now liable to be perverted and defeated, for want of a discrimination of the votes. Suppose a majority of the Electors are in favor of A, in preference to any other man, for the Presidency, and of B for the Vice Presidency. If one other elector should happen to agree with them, in favor of B for Vice President but not of A for President; and they all vote accordingly; B will be the President, against the choice of the majority, and even contrary to the will of all the electors, whose perverted votes produce such a result. This is a departure from our general system. It is a perversion of the fundamental principle of republican government. And it may be effected either by design or by accident. It is no answer to say, that it cannot be officially known whom of the two the electors intended for the Presidency. That is the very subject of complaint. It is the evil, for which this amendment provides a remedy. It is a manifest absurdity, that votes given for a candidate, with a view to one office, should, without the consent of the voters, through the agency of other electors, be mere casually, be liable to be thus converted into votes for another office not intended. Under such a liability, electors cannot act understandingly or safely; and the election itself, or rather the appointment to office (for it cannot with propriety be called an election) becomes a mixed process of chance and choice, instead of a fair expression of the sense of the people. A President, thus elevated to office, cannot carry with him to the Presidency the respect and confidence of the nation. He will be destitute of that support, which arises from a sense of the necessity and duty of acquiescing in the will of the majority, however, it may differ from our individual wishes. His administration will not therefore, be likely to be honorable to himself or advantageous to the nation. The present constitutional provision is objectionable in another respect. It unnecessarily exposes the election to cabals and intrigues. Admitting the candidates and the electors to be the same under the two different modes of election; it would be more practicable to obtain from an elector, by improper means, one of his two votes, than his only vote. For yielding it, he might have more persuasive reasons, to satisfy his own mind; and more plausible pretexts to justify his conduct to the world. He might be persuaded, or, if not, he might pretend, that the vote he should bestow, would not operate to give the Presidency, but the Vice Presidency only. Besides, the election may now be effected, either by procuring a vote or votes from the opposite ticket, or by diverting a vote or votes from an associate, supported on the same ticket. There is, in this respect a two-fold opportunity, and consequently a double temptation. One of these doors, and that the most dangerous opening to corruption, will be effectually shut by the amendment. It will also lessen the chance of two successive processes of election, one by the electors, and another by the House of Representatives; and thereby lessen the opportunities for succession of cabals and intrigues. This operation of the amendment furnishes an additional reason in its favor. It is more conformable to the original intention of the Constitution, that the election should be made by the electors, than by the representatives. As a majority is required, to constitute a choice, there may be a failure; and, in such an event, there must be an authority lodged somewhere to complete the election. In this Commonwealth, upon a non-election of Governor or Lieutenant Governor, by the suffrages of the people, the House of Representatives selected two from the highest candidates, and from those two the Senate make a further selection of one. Upon a non-election of a Senator, a convention of both houses fill the vacancy from the two highest on the returns. So in the government of the United States, upon the failure of a majority of electoral votes, the election must, of course, be completed by some of the constituted authorities; the Constitution has committed that trust to the House of Representatives. But it is only to supply a defect; to complete an unfinished work; to guard against a contingency, and prevent an impending evil. It is a substitution, arising from necessity, and not a principle or desirable mode of election. It ought not, therefore, to be extended beyond the reason & necessity on which it is founded. An election by electors, chosen for that sole and express purpose, within a short period before the election, voting but once, and all at the same time, in seventeen different places, is more safe and proper, than by Representatives, who are a standing body, chosen principally for other purposes. A man, as a client, may consistently employ an attorney to represent him in a court of law, on account of his professional merit, whom he would not choose to represent him as a legislator. So also a district may elect a Representative in Congress, for his general qualifications as a legislator, and with a view to the common business of legislation, to whom they would not delegate their choice of a President. In this point of view, certainly, electors more directly and fairly represent the people, in expressing their choice, than such a standing body as the House of Representatives. By lessening the contingencies, which may transfer the election from the electors to the Representatives, the amendment is calculated to produce a salutary effect. It has been said that this will destroy 'a federal feature of the Constitution.' I hope, Sir, we shall not suffer ourselves to be fascinated by sounds; but attend to the substance and reality of things. If the term 'federal' is meant to express any characteristic principle of confederated governments generally, it has no application to the subject before us. The various confederacies of ancient and modern times have been constructed upon different principles; and have not agreed in any uniform rule of election. If the word is used, in reference to the government of the United States, under the articles of confederation; and if the clause proposed to be amended, were derived from those articles, the derivation would be no argument in its favor; for many of the principles of that confederation were found to be erroneous, and are now exploded; and, if any are preserved, their preservation is, or ought to be founded on their intrinsic merit. But the mode of voting, for President and Vice President is not derived from the articles of Confederation. There was not then any such election, or any such offices. It has also been contended that the amendment will lead to a consolidated Government. By consolidation must be intended a dissolution of State Sovereignities and an absorption of their powers by the General Government. To pretend, because the amendment will render it more probable that the election will be made by electors appointed by each State, in such manner as the legislatures thereof shall direct; and consequently less probable, that it will devolve upon the Representatives of the people of the respective States in Congress, that it will therefore impair the Sovereignities of the States, is all idle and chimerical. When opposers are driven to such far-fetched objections, they implicitly acknowledge that the measure they oppose, is in itself unobjectionable. I am sensible it has been urged, that such a diminution of the chances of an event- ual choice by the House of Representatives will operate in favor of the large States and violate a stipulated right of the small States. But in what part of the Constitution is such a stipulation to be found? There is none, either express or implied. On the contrary, it is provided, in the fifth article, that all parts of the Constitution, shall be amendable, with three or four exceptions; one of which is, that no State, without its consent, shall be deprived of its equality of votes in the Senate. The provision respecting the election of President and Vice President is not excepted. It is liable, therefore, to amendment; and whenever two thirds of both Houses of Congress and the legislatures of three fourths of the States shall think proper to amend it, the fair constitutional agreement is to acquiesce in such amendment. This is a part of the original compromise. It is the compact of all the States, the small as well as the large. The amendment will, therefore, violate no stipulated right of any State; but be pursuant to the spirit and express provision of the Constitution. It is not the object of the amendment to make any change in the relative rights and powers of the several states. It produces such an effect, it is collateral and incidental. And I may add, if it lessens a contingent right of the small states to an equal vote in a choice by the House of Representatives, it thereby so far corrects a disproportion now existing in their favor. They have an equality of votes in the Senate. They have more than their proportion of electors; for two added in each state, to their proportionate number of Representatives. According to the ratio of numbers, the people of Massachusetts are entitled to seventeen times as many Electors as Delaware; but, instead of seventeen to their one, we have only nineteen to their three. In the event of a choice by the House of Representatives, we have only one to their one. Now, let me ask, is it equitable that Rhode Island, for instance, which is not larger than the county of Worcester or Hampshire; or that Delaware, which is but about half as large as one of these counties, should have an equal vote with the whole of this Commonwealth? Why should any number of citizens who happen to reside in a small state, have seventeen times as much influence as the same number of citizens residing in this Commonwealth, in the choice of our common President? The operation of the amendment to lessen the chances of a failure of an election by the people, and a consequent choice by the Representatives acting by states, is in reality a recommendation rather than an objection. But it is said, that in the popular mode of election, the large states may, by combining together control the small states in the election. It may be answered, that a majority of the nation, whether they happen to reside in large or small states, ought to decide the election. But the idea of such an overwhelming association of the great states is visionary. Which are those states? Massachusetts, New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and some add North Carolina. They are extended from the North to the South of the Union, with intervening and surrounding small states. They are separated, not only by the remoteness of their geographical positions, but also by their local competitions of interest. Suppose such a political combination were about to be formed, with whom would this Commonwealth combine?—With Virginia, or with the small states in our vicinity? Undoubtedly the latter. The history of our government confirms this observation. In Congress there have been struggles between the two great political parties, which pervade all the states; and sometimes competitions between the Northern and the Southern, the commercial and the agricultural interests; but not a single measure or question is recollected, in which the large states were divided against the small. So in the election of President, the division has never been according to the dimensions of the states. This amendment originated with the small states, most of whom are still in favor of it; and for the inhabitants of a large state to profess to be anxious lest it should violate the rights of small states, who wish for its adoption, is officious and affective, and discovers either an afflatus of mania, or a disposition to oppose the measure by an appeal to jealousies, prejudices and passions, rather than truth and argument. It is a consideration in favor of the amendment, that it will render the Constitution of the United States, in this particular, analogous to our own state Constitution. We distinguish our votes for Governor and for Lieutenant Governor. To this distinction we have long been habituated, without any difficulty or objection. An application of it to the Constitution of the Union, will promote uniformity and harmony between the two governments. The indiscriminating rule is comparatively a new theory. It has existed less than fifteen years, and has in practice, already produced inconveniences, and excited apprehensions of still greater evils. The amendment proposes to substitute a provision intelligible and familiar to our citizens, and sanctioned by the ancient usage and practice of this state. The history of the origin and progress of this measure down to the present day, shews that the public sentiment is in favor of it. At various times it has been called for from all quarters of the United States. With the present provision a large proportion of the nation are dissatisfied and discontented. The amendment will remove that discontent, and restore general satisfaction. It will conform the constitution to 28

the wishes of the people, who are to be governed by it. It ought therefore to be ratified.
Such, Sir, in my view, are the objections against the existing mode of electing the President and Vice-President; and such are the superior advantages of that which is contained in the proposed amendment, so far as relates to the principle of discrimination.
Another alteration respects the number of candidates or nominees, from whom the House of Representatives are to choose, when the choice eventually devolves upon them. Instead of selecting one "from the five highest on the list," they are to make the election "from the persons having the highest numbers not exceeding three;" that is, from all who are found in the three highest grades. Had the number five been retained, or two been substituted in its place, although I prefer the middle number which is adopted, my preference is not so strong, that I would, for that reason, reject the amendment. But for preferring it, as it is proposed, there are three reasons. 1st. It most nearly preserves the spirit of the Constitution. As each elector now gives two votes, and as the country is, and probably will continue to be, divided into two great rival parties, there will naturally be four principal candidates voted for. When each elector's number of votes shall be reduced from two to one, there will generally be only two principal candidates. A corresponding reduction of the number of eligible candidates, from five to three, will preserve the same proportion as nearly as possible. The limits of selection now include one more than the probable number of principal candidates; and after the proposed amendment, they will give the same latitude. Thus the spirit of the Constitution will be preserved. 2dly. This modification will confine the selection more closely to the will of the people, as expressed by their electors. 3dly. It will be more definite and certain. The choice is now to be made "from the five highest on the list." The fifth and sixth may happen to be equal. In such an event, it would be doubtful whether they must both be included or both excluded. The proposed alteration, by limiting the choice to "the persons having the highest numbers not exceeding three," precludes all possibility of such doubt and embarrassment.
To the alteration in the election of Vice-President, requiring a majority, instead of a mere plurality, of electoral votes; and for want of such majority, leaving the Senate to make their choice "from the two highest numbers," I have never heard an objection.
The provision that the Vice-President shall act as President, in case of a vacancy in the Presidency, by reason of non-election, is in my deliberate opinion, a solid improvement. For other cases of vacancy the Constitution has already made such a provision but none for this. The amendment will supply that defect; and guard against a contingency, not very probable indeed, but certainly possible, and of a most dangerous nature. It is observable that this clause allows the House of Representatives until the fourth of March, that is the whole period of their political life, to choose a President. If no choice is then made as the Constitution now is, the government is left unorganized and in a state of inevitable confusion. The substitution of the Vice-President, in such a case, to exercise the powers of the Presidency, is no reflection upon the House of Representatives, any more than the substitution of those Representatives, to choose a President, on the failure of an electoral choice, is a reflection upon the electors. It does not, in either case, imply any omission of duty or breach of trust, on account of a non election; nor does it furnish an excuse for such neglect or abuse; but, in both instances, guards against an event, which may happen from inevitable necessity. This part of the amendment is also recommended by another consideration of some weight. It will assimilate the Constitution of the United States to that of this Commonwealth, according to which, upon a non election, as well as any other vacancy, in the office of Governor, the Lieutenant Governor is to exercise the powers of government.
These, Sir, are some of the reasons, which induced me to move the resolution now under consideration. In explaining them I have occupied more of your time, than I intended, when I rose in answer to the call of the gentleman from Essex. But, perhaps the best apology I can now make, will be to detain you no longer.
CONGRESS.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
TUESDAY, February 21.
A bill to authorise the courts of the United States to appoint commissioners to take depositions of witnesses out of court, &c. was read the third time and passed—Ayes 70.
A bill to divide the Indiana territory into two separate governments was read the third time.
Mr. Holland moved to postpone its further consideration until the first Monday in November next.
This motion was supported by Messrs. Holland, Sanford and S. L. Mitchell, and opposed by Messrs. Morrow and Sloan; and was disagreed to—Yeas 56—Nays 63.
The question was then taken on the passage of the bill, and passed in the negative—Ayes 58—Nays 59.
The bill is therefore lost. The house went into committee of the whole, on the bill making appropriations for the support of government for the year 1804. Mr. Leib moved to strike out the appropriation of 11,885 dollars for fifteen per cent compensation to clerks additional to that allowed by the act to regulate and fix the compensation of clerks.
Mr. J. Randolph opposed the motion, which was agreed to—Ayes 42—Nays 36.
The committee, having filled the respective blanks, reported the bill.
The house negatived the amendment of Dr. Leno, respecting compensation to clerks—Ayes 43—Nays 46, and reinstated the appropriation struck out in committee.
The bill was then ordered to be engrossed for a third reading to-morrow.
BALTIMORE, Feb. 20. Yesterday morning, the French frigate LA PERSUANTE, of 44 guns, dropped down below the fort, in order to proceed to sea—she was elegantly dressed with the flags of almost every commercial nation. On passing down, she fired a salute of twelve guns, which was immediately answered by an equal number from Fort McHenry. She has undergone a thorough repair in this port; the expense of which, is estimated at seventy thousand dollars.
Valuable Property FOR SALE.
PURSUANT to a deed of trust, executed to the subscribers by the late Mr. James Rind, and Sarah his wife, to secure a debt due to Ishidah Allen from said Rind, will be exposed to SALE, on the third Monday in this month, one certain HALF ACRE LOT , in the city of Richmond, distinguished in the plan thereof by the letter (F)—also a HOUSE and TENEMENT , formerly in the occupation of Thomas State, being part of a lot of land distinguished in the plan of the said city by the letter (G), which said lot and tenement he near the market house of the said city, in consequence to the residence of Mrs. Lenger. The sale will be for cash, and on the premises, to begin at 12 o'clock.
ADAM CRAIG, Trustee. March 1, 1804.
TO RENT, FOR ONE OR MORE YEARS, The Dwelling House, &c. Late the residence of Mr. James Rind, dec.—Apply to the Printer.
NOTICE.
A MEETING of the commissioners appointed under an act of the General Assembly, for superintending the subscriptions to be made in the city of Richmond, to a BANK, to be established in the state of Virginia, is requested at the Eagle Tavern, on Tuesday the 6th March next, at 10 o'clock in the forenoon. Richmond, Feb. 29, 1804.
The marks, numbers, &c. of a hogshead of Tobacco lodged and stored with Thomas Bolton, in the city of Richmond. Nos. 143 168 147. Marked on each head with Macking S. K. The above hogshead of Tobacco has been lying in the subscriber's warehouse, upwards of two years—The owner is requested to apply for it. THOMAS BOLTON. Richmond, Feb. 29, 1804.
James River Company.
THE members of the Richmond James River Company, are requested to attend a meeting of the company, to be held at the counting house of Pickett, Pollard & Johnston, in the city of Richmond, on Saturday the 10th instant, at ten o'clock in the forenoon. By order of the Commissioners. ROBERT POLLARD. March 2, 1804.
A Valuable Lot For Sale
WILL BE SOLD, on the premises, on Saturday the 17th of March next, at 4 o'clock P. M. one LOT , known by the No. 631, adjoining the lots of William Moseley, Esq.—Terms of sale one half cash, and the residue to be paid in 60 days, with satisfactory security to insure punctuality. Any person disposed to treat for the lot at private sale, will apply to Mr. S. Rawson Linthicum, who is authorised to sell the same, & for which an indisputable title will be made. Richmond, March 1, 1804.
THE subscriber, according to a former advertisement, now gives notice, that on Saturday the 14th day of April next, at 12 o'clock, on the premises, he will offer to public SALE, A Number of Lots,
Interested by commodious streets, crossing at right angles, running due North and South, by East and West, agreeably to a plan deposited at Mr. Samuel Pleasants' Office. This land lies upon the margin of James river, and adjacent to that part of Richmond called Rocketts.
The advantages of this property will present themselves to any person who will view it. The channel runs very near the bank, & that so high as to be entirely safe from freshets. Valuable warehouses are already erected near this spot, and there can be no doubt that the rapid increase of population and commerce of Richmond will render it desirable, both as a place of residence, and of business.
It is known that the canal which has been accomplished at considerable expense, and must shortly be communicated with tide water, & the improvements for land carriage, afford the means of conveying to this place the productions of an extensive & fertile country heretofore carried to the northern markets for want of these facilities; and if properly managed, must make it the important point of junction betwixt the Eastern and Western people, as well a depot as a market for produce, coal and foreign merchandise. The legislature have lately incorporated a company for deepening the channel of the river, so as to bring ships of 300 tons burthen, to Rocketts. And has also established a bank on extensive principles, which must greatly increase commercial enterprise. These important considerations contribute to render the property now offered for sale an object of attention to the Landlord, Merchant and Mechanic. The terms of sale will be one fourth in ready money, the residue on bond and security payable the 1st January next, to carry interest if not paid punctually, and no title made until the bond shall be discharged. Wm. MAYO. Powhatan, Feb. 24th, 1804.
The Virginia Argus.
RICHMOND:
SATURDAY, MARCH 3, 1804.
MR. OGILVIE will deliver an ORATION on the Capitol on Monday next, at twelve o'clock, in commemoration of the FOURTH of MARCH.
Agreeably to a resolve entered into at a meeting of a number of the citizens of Richmond and Manchester, convened at the Bell Tavern, on Wednesday the 29th of February, for the purpose of devising means for the relief of our poor brethren in Norfolk, who have suffered by the late fire; a subscription is opened at this office, for the signature of such humane persons, residing without the limits of the city, as feel disposed to contribute, either money, or any article of produce, for this benevolent purpose. For the convenience of persons living on the south side of the river, a similar paper is left with Mr. TREADWAY of Manchester.
It gives us great pleasure to observe, that in the course of a few hours only, upwards of 3,000 dollars were subscribed by the inhabitants of this city and Manchester, and immediately transmitted to our distressed fellow-citizens of Norfolk.
Extract of a letter from a Member of Congress, to the Editor, dated February 27th, 1804.
"On Saturday evening last, the Republican Members of Congress held a meeting to determine on the characters to be supported as President and Vice President. One hundred and eight Members attended. The vote for President was taken viva voce, and was unanimous in favor of Mr. Jefferson. The vote for Vice President was as follows, by ballot:—
 For Clinton, 67  Breckenridge, 20  Lincoln, 9  Langdon, 7  Granger, 4  MacKay, 1  Burr, 0  108 
Mr. Clinton has declined being a candidate for the Government of New York, and has consented to be run as Vice-President."
CHARLESTON, (S. C.) Jan. 31, 1804.
SIR, In compliance with a resolution of the Trustees of the South Carolina College, I take the liberty of communicating to you, that they have in contemplation to proceed to an election of a President & Professors, on the 22d day of April next. The object of this communication is to solicit your assistance, in circulating the information among those of your acquaintance who may probably propose themselves, as candidates, for those offices. The salary, which the Trustees offer to the President, is two thousand five hundred dollars; to the Professor of Natural Philosophy, and the Sciences connected with it, fifteen hundred dollars; and the other Professors, one thousand dollars. In addition to which, the President is to be provided with a house for his residence; and each of the other Professors to be boarded and accommodated in the College, at the expense of the institution. As Columbia, the place where this institution is established, is but imperfectly known in the distant parts of the Union; and some prejudices prevail, too generally, against a residence in our state, I beg leave to assure you, that whether we consider health, beauty, convenience or society, it is in all these respects an eligible situation.
I am, Sir, respectfully, Your humble servant, Wm. JOHNSON, Jr. President of the board of Trustees.
FROM THE AURORA.
Extract of a letter, to the editor.
Trenton, (N. J.) Feb. 22, 1804.
"The bill, sent by council, to the assembly on Saturday last, ratifying the proposed amendment to the constitution of the United States, has, this day passed the house of assembly, by a majority of nine votes."
The ratification of the amendment, on the part of N. Jersey, is a circumstance of considerable moment; we know that hopes were entertained of the negative of this state, and that no inconsiderable efforts were employed by federal influential characters for the accomplishment of this favorite object—like exertions were made in Vermont, but their failure in both instances affords encouragement to rely on the issue of the vote in those states which have not yet decided. At present the votes stand thus:—
  IN FAVOR. OPPOSED.    North Carolina, Delaware,  Maryland, Massachusetts—2  Virginia,  Ohio,  Kentucky,  Pennsylvania,  Vermont,  New-York,  New-Jersey—9    The states, which are yet to determine are:—   New-Hampshire, South-Carolina,  Connecticut, Georgia.  Rhode-Island, Tennessee—6 
Of these six states four must ratify the amendment before it can become a part of the constitution.
The Pile of Volta, consisting of 300 plates, has been erected by Dr. Trent of this city, for the purpose of administering the new and surprising influence, called Galvanism, in palsies, rheumatisms, deafness, blindness, &c. &c. &c.
Extract of a letter from a gentleman in Albany to the editor of the American Citizen.
Albany, February 17, 1804. "Several of the Burrites are here. Last night the leading federal gentlemen in this place had a meeting at the city tavern.—General Hamilton addressed the meeting with his usual eloquence, and pointed out the expediency of the federal party voting for chancellor Lansing, in case they had no candidate of their own. The principal part of this speech went to shew, that no reliance ought or could be placed on Mr. Burr. He spoke in very proper terms of his character, and expressly declared that no good could be expected from the administration of such a man."
BURR MEETING.—The Little Band held a meeting last night at the MECHANIC HALL. There were assembled not more than thirty persons. Of these, four were captains of Albany sloops. There was also, it is said and believed, included in that number a person from Harlaem. Our friends in that quarter will be able to ascertain his name. This assemblage of persons residing so far from the city shews that the faction have been recruiting, but with all their trouble and pains, could not muster more than thirty citizens! This number of corrupt or deluded men, it may be said, small as it is, is sufficient for one state.
The object of the meeting was to nominate AARON BURR as governor of this state at the ensuing election, in opposition to Chancellor Lansing, UNANIMOUSLY NOMINATED at Albany by the representatives of the people. After this open—this audacious nomination, the faction will, as they ought to, be viewed as EXEMPTS. Our representatives from ALL the counties of the state, collected together at Albany, have unanimously nominated Chancellor Lansing. Is not this nomination a full and free expression of the public sentiment? Undoubtedly. What then is the Burr meeting of last night. A faction, met in secret to plot, to engender mischief, to divide our citizens, to injure our cause. They have now drawn the line of demarcation. They cannot any longer deceive by hollow professions. It is repeated that after this they ought to be treated as enemies.
Small, however, as was their number, the faction had a deadly faction within its own little self. They disagreed; there were different opinions; various views were made manifest. I am not sure that they ultimately agreed to any one point. There was much confusion, although none but pure Burrites were previously made acquainted with the meeting.
N. B. There were eight tide waiters present, all of course, custom house officers! (Am. Cit.)
On the 9th ult. a meeting of the republican members of the legislature of New-York was held at Albany, when GEORGE CLINTON was unanimously nominated Governor and JEREMIAH VAN RENSSELAER, Lieut. Governor. Both these gentlemen having declined are election, at a subsequent meeting JOHN LANSING, Jun. was unanimously nominated Governor, and JOHN BROOME, Lieut. Gover. Both these gentlemen have agreed to serve.
THE committee appoint
ed to receive subscriptions and make arrangements for a FESTIVAL to be furnished in the city of Richmond, on Monday the 5th of March next, in celebration of the 4th of March, as an epoch in the political history of the United States which ought always to awaken the purest sensations of the American patriot, invite their republican brethren of Richmond, Manchester and the adjacent counties, to meet and unite with them on that day which restored to us the genuine principles of '76, and removed the alarms which had clouded the fairer prospects of American Liberty and Independence. Tickets of admission may be obtained from any member, or the chairman of the committee, on the day of the festival, or on any day previous thereto, upon application. By order of the committee. ROBERT MITCHELL, Chairman. Richmond, Feb. 17, 1804.
The committee are, Robert Mitchell, Benjamin Tate, George W. Smith, Samuel Pleasants, Jr., Humphrey Dalbey, William Price, William Morey, Meriwether Jones, William Du-Val, John H. Foushee, Benjamin Hatcher, Collin McRae, Henry L. Dazee, Maj. William Price, Gervase Storr, Joseph Selden and Philip N. Nicholas.
NOTICE.
ALL persons having claims against the estate of Cornelius Elliott, dec are desired to come forward immediately—and those indebted, are also requested to make immediate application, to (w3's) THE EXECUTORS. Chesterfield, March 2, 1804.
A BARR OF IRON
WAS found in the street on the night of the 17th instant. The owner may receive it on proving his property and paying the expense of this advertisement. March 2 1804.
TO RENT, A THREE STORY BRICK HOUSE,
Near the Market bridge, well situated for a dry or wet goods store, with good accommodation for a family.—For further particulars enquire of the Printer. Richmond, March 2, 1804.
FOR THE VIRGINIA ARGUS.
ON THE FOURTH OF MARCH.
GREAT glorious day, once pregnant with the fate Of millions—millions yet to rise, Shall shout thy victory to the skies, And on the light pinions of the gale, To distant climes the swelling sound shall sail, And palmed tyrants, tremble 'midst their state.
Fond son of Liberty, Virginia's pride, Long may you guide (as now) the car of state, With mind self balanced, wonderfully great, Long may you shine in virtue's bright attire, A watchful guardian of our sacred fire, Whose flame from breast, to breast, spreads far and wide.
When rude tyranny with haggard eye had laid A hellish plot, with black infernal art, You saw the danger, and your honest heart, In wild emotions beat the alarm, Of lawless tyranny's encroaching arm, And call'd each patriot, from his rural shade.
Grand rose the people, and with the voice of God, Thunder'd their anger in the tyrant's ears, He started wild, urg'd by a thousand fears, He meanly fled; and to secure his flight, He eager sought the ebon shades of night, With guilt, pale trembling, swift thro' the gloom he trod.
Now slavery's yoke, in glaring day was sp'd, A ponderous weight for liberty to bear, Such as usurpers for the world prepare. The Goddess Freedom saw old slavery near, And to Minerva, quickly told her fear, Minerva modestly with grace rep'd:—
Why so anxious, Goddess, for your heroes brave? Wilt thou among them hold so high a seat, Their noble plans shall never know defeat. Here take my son, take GALLATIN the great, He will, ere long, unload the mighty weight, That sinks thy treasury to a British grave.
Fair Freedom's Goddess with celestial grace; Preet her bright sister to her throbbing heart, Each fondly vowing never more to part; But hand in hand ever glorious reign, And guide the firm, virtuous, manly train, Columbia's noble, patriotic race.
A REPUBLICAN. The High Bred Imported Horse
SILVER,
NOW in high health and vigour—will stand at my stable in the county of Pittsylvania, about two miles from the courthouse, the ensuing season, commencing the 1st of March next; and will cover mares at TWENTY DOLLARS, payable the 1st of October next, which may be discharged by the payment of Five Pounds, if paid by the 1st day of August next, at which time the season will expire: TEN DOLLARS the single keep, to be paid when the mares are covered, and TEN POUNDS to ensure a colt, to be forfeited if the mare is parted with before it is ascertained whether she be in foal or not. Excellent high and low ground pasture gratis, and gentlemen may have their mares fed with grain if required at the current price. Servants boarded gratis, and particular attention will be paid to the mares, but I will not be responsible for accidents or escapes. PEDIGREE.
SILVER is a beautiful Dapple GREY, five feet two inches high, full of bone, proportionate shape, symmetry, and fine action, and is a fast and excellent foal getter:—He was got by Mersey, who was got by Col. O'Kelley's Belphe, out of a Tartar Mare; his dam was the famous Herod Mare, bred by Lord Milington; his granddam Young Hag by Skim; his great granddam Hag, by Crab; his great great granddam Eury, by Childers; his great great great granddam Ebony, by Billo; his great great great great granddam by the Beryly Turk; his great great great great granddam by Lord's Arabian. PERFORMANCES.
SILVER, in the second October meeting, 1793, carrying 32 stone the Duke of Bedford's Golden Rod, 32 stone one mile for 50 guineas.—In the second spring meeting 1794, 32 stone, he beat W. Payton's St. George, 32 stone, three miles for 200 guineas.—In the second spring meeting, 1794, 32 stone, he beat M. Howorth's Anthony, 32 stone, half mile for 100 guineas.—In the July meeting, 1794, he won 60 gs two miles, beating the Duke of Grafton's Grosvenor, Lord Oxford's Bruifer, Lord Grosvenor's Excelsior, Lord Clement's Paymaster and Lord Egremont's Sagar.—In the first October meeting 1794, 32 stone, he received 20 guineas from Lord Egremont's Sagar, 32 stone, 7lb one and a half miles, for 200 guineas.—In the second October meeting, 32 stone, 4lb he run a dead heat with Lord Egremont's Sagar, 32 stone, 1lb one and a half miles.—In the second October meeting, 1794, he won a handy cap plate, two miles, beating the Duke of Grafton's Garland, Lord Egremont's Cinnabar, Sir Charles Bunbury's Robin Gay, Mr. Payton's Helmer, Duke of Queenbury's 27 Filly, by Diomed, and Lord Richfield's Quailva-ca.—In the Craven meeting, 1795, 32 stone he beat Lord Darlington's St. George, 32 stone, 6lb 4 miles, for 300 gs.—In the first spring meeting, 1795, he won the main of the Oatlands stakes, 200 guineas, each two miles, beating Mr. Wilson's Beaumont, Mr. Home's Gabriel, and the Duke of Queenbury's Pecker.—In the Houghton meeting, 1795, 32 stone, 4lb received forfeit from Mr. Bowe's Volunteer colt, 7lb one mile, for 100 guineas.
I have the General Stud Book and Racing Calendar for '93, '94 and '95, and certificates from a number of respectable Gentlemen, to prove what is above asserted of Silver. WILLIAM FUNTALL. February 12th, 1804. (cont. J.)
N. B. Notes of hand will be expected with the mares put by the season, for Twenty Dollars, dischargeable as above. W. F.
Notice.
The Copartnership of SHIPHARD & BEN. D. L. is this day dissolved by mutual consent. All persons having claims against the concern are desired to bring them forward in order to receive payment; and all those who are indebted to them are requested to make immediate payment to either of the partners, by note or otherwise, as no further indulgence can be given. JAMES SHIPHARD, THOMAS BENDLE. 3w
Thomas Bendle, Saddler,
BEGS leave to inform his friends and the public in general, that he intends carrying on the business in all its various branches as he before, in the house opposite the Eagle Tavern, and formerly occupied by Capt. William Austin. He returns his sincere thanks to his friends and the public for the encouragement hitherto received, and hopes by a strict attention to business, to merit the continuance of their favour. Richmond, 20th February, 1804. 3w

Twenty-Five Dollars Reward. RUN away from the subscriber living in Goochland county, a very likely negro man named SAM, who calls himself SAMUEL COOK, about 25 or 30 years old, low but stout made, of a yellowish complexion, one of his upper fore teeth out, his dress chiefly of Virginia cloth, with a green Durants short coat; he is very sensible, and can read, and write so as to be understood some words. He will endeavor to pass for a free man, and I expect will procure a pass of his own or from some one else. I expect he will go up or down James river, but I rather think up, about Lynchburg, or some other town on James river. Whoever takes up the said negro and delivers him to me, or secures him in jail so that I get him again, shall receive the above reward, and all reasonable expenses for delivering him to me at home. Sept. 30, 1803. EDWARD COX.
LOUIS WERCO, MERCHANT TAILOR. NOT intending to carry on his business as extensively as heretofore, informs the public, that in future he shall expect materials to be paid for, before they are made into clothes. He has on hand a supply of the best Cloths, Cassimeres, Swansdowns, Marseilles &c. which he will sell low for Cash only. All persons having claims against him will be paid on application, and those in his debt are requested to pay their accounts to him immediately. Richmond, October 7th, 1803. [Gm]
Robert Gamble & Son, Are receiving by the ship FAME and other arrivals from Europe, a general assortment of  MERCHANDIZE, Suitable to the season—which they are disposed to sell on moderate terms for cash, country produce, or to punctilious customers, on the usual credit. Having a large and convenient WAREHOUSE, calculated to store flour, &c. those who may consign country produce to their care, are assured, that their endeavors will be used to give general satisfaction, and their charge for storage, &c. will be reasonable. Richmond, 17th Oct. 1803.
Notice. In the case of EPHRAIM MAQUILLAN, A BANKRUPT. THE subscribers being duly appointed assignees of the estate and effects of E. Maquillan, bankrupt, all persons indebted to the said bankrupt, or have any of his effects, are not to pay or deliver the same to any person or persons than the subscribers, or to such as shall be duly authorized by them. JOHN CUNNINGHAM, } Assignees. JOHN ST. JOHN, } Richmond, 27th Dec. 1803. NOW IN THE PRESS OF T. NICOLSON, And will be ready for delivery in the course of April, May and June next.
MARRIED LADY'S COMPANION, OR  Poor Man's Friend. IN FOUR PARTS. I. An address to the married Lady who is the Mother of Daughters. II. An address to the newly married Lady. III. Some important hints to the Midwife. IV. An essay on the management and common diseases of Children. B. SAMUEL K. JENNINGS. The title and heads of this work are considerably expressive of its nature and design. Each part contains moral reflections adapted to the characters for which they are intended; but they compose in the whole, a medical book of such sort as necessarily interests every family. The plan is conducted with all possible simplicity and plainness, and will be found a very great convenience to the Ladies. It will be printed on a neat plain Type, and good Paper, and it is supposed will contain two hundred and forty pages of a duodecimo size. The price to subscribers, if neatly bound, will be 6s. if in boards, 4s. 6d. So soon as the work is finished, the subscribers may apply to Mr. Nicolson, and others with whom they may make their subscriptions, who, on receiving payment, will deliver to them their books. A number of copies will be deposited with Mr. Samuel Pleasants and other book sellers; from whom the public may be supplied. The author flatters himself, that his work will be found a very useful one. Having submitted his manuscript to the inspection of several respectable and judicious men, he is encouraged to venture this publication in favor of himself. He is well aware, that the composition may be calculated for usefulness, and yet far want of being pushed forward into public notice, it may lie dormant on the book-seller's shelf. As his chief design was to be beneficial to his fellow citizens, he is determined to spare no pains which may be necessary to circulate his books; and they will therefore probably be offered for sale at most of the courthouses of the upper counties of the state of Virginia. He thanks the patriotic gentlemen of the two houses of legislation, who gave him friendly encouragement, and calculates on their influence in their respective counties, so far as the merit of the performance may deserve their aid. SAMUEL K. JENNINGS. February 5, 1804. 3m
Notice. THAT I have committed the entire management and transaction of my business to my brother Robert B. Payne, of Columbia, and county of Fauquier; and authorised him, and him only, to settle and adjust on my behalf, the debts owing to or by the estate of Richard Cooke, late of Fauquier. Accordingly to him the said Robert B. Payne, those having claims upon the said estate, will bring them forward for adjustment; and those indebted to it make payment, which they are requested to do with as delay. POLLY S. COOKE, Exx of Rich'd Cooke, dec. February, 16th Feb. 1804. 4m
To Brick-Layers. PURSUANT to an Order of the County Court of Halifax, will be LET to the lowest bidder, on Rawlin's Tavern, Halifax Courthouse, on the 9th of March next, the BUILDING OF A CONSIDERABLE BRICK AND ROOF COVERED WITH SLATE. Every thing relative to the undertaking and performance of the above job, will be open to inspection on the day of letting. Bond and security will be required of the contractor for the faithful performance of the work within a limited time, by the COMMISSIONERS. Halifax county, 18th Jan. 1804. 11m
BANK BILL. THE act passed by the General Assembly of Virginia, for establishing a Bank in the City of Richmond, is just published and for Sale at this office.
To the Public.
DURING the ensuing year, J. OGILVIE will continue to pursue the professional instruction of youth in the City of Richmond. His course of instruction embraces Grammar, Arithmetic, Latin, Geography, History, Geometry, Natural and Moral Philosophy, Political Economy and Metaphysics: Exercises in Composition and Elocution, periodical Public Exhibitions and Examinations, will also constitute regular and essential parts of the plan he proposes to pursue. His charge will be Fifty Dollars per annum for instruction in the several departments of science, and Poetry in the different branches of elementary literature he professes to teach; the fee for tuition to be paid quarterly and punctiliously in advance. Every pupil will also be expected to pay three dollars annually entrance, to defray the expense of fuel and the rent of the school and lecture rooms. By considerate and candid men, J. Ogilvie presumes that no apology or explanation will be deemed necessary for the additional charge of thirteen dollars. The fees of tuition are at present palpably and proverbially below the standard of equitable compensation for the labour which the instructor undergoes, and the services he renders. A very brief statement will place this important subject in a clear and interesting light. The paramount importance of education is acknowledged by all. It is the radical profession, on which the virtue, accomplishments and happiness of individuals, who occupation soever they may embrace and in what situation soever they are placed, essentially depend. The blessings and the very being of republican liberty, the diffusion of useful knowledge, the extirpation of prevailing errors, are obviously and indissolubly connected with the efforts of enlightened and energetic instructors. The friend of mankind and the lover of his country, will desire nothing more ardently than that this profession which so many causes have combined to degrade, should be restored to its proper rank in public estimation and practical utility. But it were chimerical to indulge a hope of this sort whilst the pecuniary compensation which the instructor receives for his services however important, for his exertions however laborious, is so miserably scanty as to doom him to celibacy, insuperable indigence and sordid obscurity. Until instructors shall receive a pecuniary compensation proportioned to their talents, attainments and services, the education of youth must be abandoned to illiterate, pretenders and pedants. Men of enterprise, genius and learning will necessarily prefer other occupations, where such accomplishments are most likely to obtain their proper estimation and reward. Although he will probably incur the charge of egotism, J. Ogilvie cannot in justice to the subject and himself forbear to add, that since his arrival in Virginia, his abilities such as they are, have been exerted in the business of juvenile instruction with assiduity and enthusiasm. To this pursuit he has devoted the flower of his youth and the best energies of his mind. No exertions to which his faculties were adequate, have been spared, to qualify himself, to communicate useful knowledge, and instil virtuous principles into the minds of youth. On every branch of literature and science comprehended in his course, he has endeavored to collect information from every accessible source. If on any subject, he inculcates erroneous principles he can sincerely say, that it does not proceed from the want of sincere wishes and persevering efforts to discover and inculcate truth. Secondary consequence, uninterrupted labour and nocturnal study have impaired his health, enfeebled his frame, and extinguished his fears for ever, the native cheerfulness and ardor of his mind. Hitherto the pleasure of indulging a romantic predilection and the consoling consciousness of having zealously endeavored to be useful, have been the principal rewards of his exertions. Far from having had it in his power, to accumulate the means of physical independence, he has scarcely been able to obtain a comfortable subsistence. These observations are not made in the spirit of repining and complaint, but for the purpose of obviating a misconception of the motive which has induced him to encroach his charge for tuition. He is destined probably, during the prime of his life, to pursue the business of juvenile instruction, nor does he murmur at his destiny. At the same time he cannot think himself justly exposed to the charge of unreasonable selfishness when he indulges a wish, that the emoluments of the laborious and useful occupation he pursues should be sufficient to afford him the means of comfortable subsistence, and the prospect of a permanent exemption from the severest disasters in the black catalogue of human misfortunes, debt and destitution. P.S. J. Ogilvie wishes to receive five or six of his pupils as boarders: His charge for boarding will be forty-five dollars per annum, to be paid quarterly and punctiliously, and the first quarter in advance. Richmond, January 1, 1804.
FOR SALE, THE ESTATE, CALLED  VARINA, LYING on James river, in Henrico county, twelve miles from Richmond, and about the same distance from Petersburg. The quantity of land about 820 acres, of which 500 are of the best quality in the state for wheat, lying in a gentle and uniform slope entirely above floods, completely free from stumps and all obstructions to the plough, yet continuing in strong heart. The remainder is mostly, rather uncommonly high and firm tide marsh, about one fourth cleared; 10 or 15 acres completely surrounded by a good bank of clay, which has been extended, with the view of reclaiming the whole, as far as about two thirds of the requisite distance. The wood which can be carried almost from the stump on board large vessels upon two spars, for the distance of three fourths of a mile along the skirts of the forest, will pay all the expenses of reclaiming many times over. A part which was formerly reclaimed from the tide, proved dry enough for tobacco, and brought several immense crops of it without showing a possibility of exhaustion. The marsh abounds with tall and fine natural grass, the hay of which is thought by numbers preferable to timothy.—A few valuable Negroes raised on the place, viz. three men and a woman, also about a score of cows and oxen of the Ampthill and Boynton breed mixed, some other stock, about a score and a half of Spanish ewes very nearly pure Merino's blood, and 100 barrels of corn, will be left on the place. The tenant is bound to furnish seed and saw a full crop of wheat, about 100 acres, in due time. The estate will be shown to visitors, by Mr. Moses Bates and Mr. W. Radford, living upon it. Mr. George Jefferson of Richmond, or Mr. Thomas Estlin Randolph, will make known the terms to applicants, and will either of them conclude a bargain, which the proprietor will ratify. December 30, 1803
Fifth Requisition. BY order of the Board of Directors of the Manchester Turnpike Company, the Stockholders are hereby required to pay the further sum of seven and an half dollars, on each share, into the hands of the Treasurer, on or before the first day of April next. JAMES BRANDER, Clerk. Manchester, 6th Feb. 1804. GMB
Notice is hereby given, that I intend to petition the worshipsful court of Albemarle, for a discontinuance of part of the road that runs from the river at the broad crossing place, through my plantation. GARLAND CARR. 19th Feb. 1804. (1m)
THE HIGH FEED IMPORTED HORSE.
 ROBIN REDBREAST, WILL stand at my stable in Chesterfield county, to cover mares the next season—the performance of this horse on the turf for the time he ran in England, was equal to any horse imported into this country. In getting him out of the ship at City Point, he fell and was much hurt, but is now so well recovered that there can be no doubt of his being in high perfection by the spring. Terms will be made known before the season commences. Thomas Goode. December 21, 1803.
A PROPOSAL, BY WILLIAM YOUNG BIRCH & ABRAHAM SMALL, OF THE CITY OF PHILADELPHIA: FOR PUBLISHING BY SUBSCRIPTION, THAT CELEBRATED WORK,  GIBBON'S HISTORY OF THE  DECLINE AND FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE: Together with MEMOIRS of the LIFE and WRITINGS of the AUTHOR. No book could be offered, which stands in less need of encomium and recommendation. It has been read in almost every European language. The history of the long and interesting period from the reign of Augustus to the taking of Constantinople, and the death of Mahomet the II. is no where else to be found in the shape of regular and well-arranged history. The Publishers presume to hope, that they do a service to their country in giving an Edition of it from the American press. They will briefly speak of their intentions, and the superiority of this edition. 1. It will be the most complete Edition of Gibbon extant.—Because it will be enriched with the Memoirs of his Life and Writings, written by himself.—This will be an addition to the London copy of nearly 200 pages. 2. It will be about one-third cheaper than the London Copy. 3. It will be executed in the best stile.—The Publishers, with confidence, recommend to the public an inspection of the books, published by them within the last three years.—They are, Russell's Ancient and Modern Europe, 7 Volumes—The Domestic Encyclopedia, 5 Volumes, and Tucker's Blackstone, 5 Volumes.—They promise not to degenerate.
CONDITIONS. I. It shall be printed from the last London edition, and be published in Eight Octavo Volumes, during the year 1804. II. It shall be delivered to those Subscribers who take it in Volumes, at Two Dollars per Volume in boards. Those who wait for the completion of the Work, may have it either at Sixteen Dollars in boards; or in a good and handsome binding, at Twenty Dollars; payable on delivery. It will be enriched with Two whole sheet Maps—One of the Eastern, the other of the Western part of the Roman Empire.—A Map of the parts of Europe and Asia adjacent to Constantinople, and an elegantly engraved Head of the Author. Subscriptions received by SAMUEL PLEASANTS, Jr. Richmond. ep
Notice. ALL persons indebted to the subscriber, by dealing or otherwise, at his store in Buckingham, under the direction of Mr. John Jenkins, are informed that their bonds, notes and accounts are placed for collection in the hands of Edward W. Trent, attorney at Law, who is authorised to receive the same and grant acquittances. WILLIAM BROWN. Manchester, 2d Jan. 1804. ff
FOR SALE. An Elegant Coach, And HARNESS, complete, for four horses, may be had a great bargain, on application to A. MYERS, near the bridge. Richmond, Feb. 11, 1804. ff
FOR SALE, About 450 acres of Land, LYING on the Three Chopt and the River roads, half a mile from the river at Westham, and six miles from the city of Richmond, three fourths in woods. This land contains the important advantages of a good soil, convenience to the seat of government, a handsome situation for building, and very healthy—a good mill seat with permission to erect a mill, an abundance of oak and pine timber, and good spring water. The subscriber would be glad also to treat for two or three HILLICK TENEMENTS not far from the capitol. These houses are not finished, but they will be completed in the course of the ensuing spring, and one of them is now in sufficient forwardness to shew the plan of the buildings. JOHN PENDLETON. City of Richmond, 20th Jan. 1804. tM
4439 Acres of valuable LAND, In the south of Kentucky, the greater part mill-tay, will be SOLD for good bonds, or exchanged for property in the state of Virginia.—Enquire of the printer. Dec. 26th, 1803.
By Authority.
Scheme of a Lottery. TO BUILD AN ACADEMY IN THE CITY OF RICHMOND. Dollars. 1 Prize—last drawn ticket, having a blank to its number, 20,000 1 do. 10,000 1 do. 5,000 5 do. of 1,000 make 5,000 6 do. of 500 — 3,000 10 do. of 200 — 2,000 20 do. of 100 — 2,000 100 do. of 50 — 5,000 250 do. of 30 — 7,500 420 do. of 25 — 10,500 1,500 do. of 20 — 30,000 3,000 do. of 15 — 45,000 1 first drawn ticket after 1,000 having a blank to its number, 250 1 do. after 2,000 do. 250 1 do. after 3,000 do. 250 1 do. after 4,000 do. 250 1 do. after 5,000 do. 500 1 do. after 6,000 do. 500 1 do. after 8,000 do. 500 1 do. after 10,000 do. 500 1 do. after 12,000 do. 500 1 do. after 15,000 do. 500 1 do. after 14,000 do. 1,000 5,325 prizes, 150,000 9,675 blanks—not two to a prize. 15,000 tickets at 10 dollars each, 150,000 N. B. Prizes subject to a deduction of 15 per cent. This lottery has been authorized by the Legislature of Virginia, for the laudable purpose of erecting a seminary of learning in or near the metropolis of this state. With this view, it is contemplated to raise 300,000 dollars, and 2,500 dollars in addition, for defraying the expenses attendant on drawing the lottery. Citizens of the first respectability have been selected as trustees, and they have pledged themselves to use their utmost exertions to carry it into effect. The scheme has the advantage of giving to each adventurer, a chance for some very large prizes, whilst the proportion of prizes to blanks, is so great as to invite the friends of the institution to partake in the lottery, with very little risk of their becoming losers. The treasurer of the state is to be appointed to receive the money for the tickets as they are sold, and to pay the amount of the prizes to the fortunate adventurers. It is believed that the above considerations will induce a rapid sale of tickets, and the drawing will commence as soon as a sufficient number shall be sold to authorize it—which it is believed will be on the second Monday in December next. Richmond, January 31, 1804.
BURR MILL-STONE MANUFACTORY. THE subscriber takes this mode of returning his thanks to his former patrons, and informing the public in general, that he has (by desire of his friends) re-commenced the MANUFACTURING of BURR MILL-STONES; and having furnished himself with a supply of the best materials, and having had sixteen years experience in the business, in Baltimore, Petersburg and Richmond, hopes to be able to give satisfaction to his employers. The stones he will warrant to be as good as any in the United States. Any orders left with Capt. WILLIAM PENNOCK, Norfolk; Capt. WILLIAM CHAMBERS, Staunton; Mr. WILLIAM HAY, Wythe county, or Mr. ROBERT MOORE, Petersburg, shall be duly attended to, and country produce received in payment, at the customary prices. TWO APPRENTICES will be taken to the above business, and short time required. WILLIAM DAVIDSON. Richmond, Jan. 10th, 1805. (tf)
WILL BE OFFERED FOR SALE, At Mecklenburg courthouse, on the second Monday of March next, if fair, if not, the next fair day.
THE subscriber being about to leave the state for some time, and still wishing to sell his tract of land, lying in the county of Mecklenburg, on Roanoke river—has given full power to Grief Green, Esq. of Nottoway, to dispose of it, and convey the title thereof to the purchaser. EDWARD MAYO. Powhatan, January 20, 1804.
Valuable Property. The subscriber offers for sale, that valuable improved  Lot of Ground, Situate on the main street in the city of Richmond, containing about sixty six feet in front and running one hundred feet back, on the cross street leading to the basin of the canal, & immediately opposite to the corner stores now in the occupancy of Messrs Pickett, Pollard and Johnston, and that of Mr. Charles Spencer. The numerous advantages attending this property needs no comment, its situation being in the centre of business renders it an object for public or private employment, and is perhaps the most eligible in this city for either. Any person desirous of purchasing will be treated with privately on application at any time between this and the first day of May next, and if not sold previous to that day, the same will be offered for sale at public auction, on the fifth day of that month, and the terms thereof made known. JOHN M'ENERY. Feb. 15th, 1804.
Notice is hereby given, that an application will be made to the Legislature at their next session, to establish an Inspection of Tobacco on the land of William Mayo, near Rocketts. Powhatan, Feb. 20, 1804. 4m
TO RENT—THE TENEMENT,
Lately occupied by Doctor McLean. Enquire of the printer. 4w February 12, 1804.
WAR DEPARTMENT, Feb 8th, 1804.
Notice is hereby given, That separate proposals will be received at the office of the Secretary for the Department of War, until the eighteenth day of May next ensuing, for the supply of all rations which may be required for the use of the United States, from the 1st day of October, 1804, until the 30th day of September, 1805, both days inclusive, at the following places, viz. First. At Niagara, Detroit, Michilimackanac, Chicago, Fort Wayne, the post on the Miami of the Lakes, and at any place or places, where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the state of Ohio, and at any place or places within the Indiana territory north of the 41st degree of north latitude. Second. At South West Point, Pellicee, Knoxville, Nashville, and within the Cherokee nation between Tennessee and Georgia, and on the Tennessee river, and on the road between said river and Nashville, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the states of Tennessee and Kentucky. Third. At the garrison near Vincennes, on the river Wabash. Fourth. At Fort Massac, near the mouth of the Ohio, Kaskaskias, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the Indiana territory, south of the 41st degree of North latitude, (Vincennes excepted). Fifth. At St. Louis, New Madrid, and any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited in Louisiana, north of the settlements on the river Arkansas. Sixth. At Chickasaw Bluffs, Arkansas, Natchez, Fort Adams, Fort Stoddart on the Mobile, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the Mississippi territory, and on the road between Natchez and the Tennessee river, (the post on said river excepted). Seventh. At New Orleans, and any place or places on the Mississippi river, below Fort Adams, and at Opelousas, Natchitoches, and at any other place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited in Louisiana, nor before mentioned, or provided for. Separate proposals will also be received as aforesaid for the supply of all rations, which may be required for the use of the United States, from the first day of January, 1805, until the 31st day of December of the same year, both days inclusive, within the several states herein after mentioned, viz. Eighth. At Fort Wilkinson, Cockspur Island, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited, within the state of Georgia, and on the Indian boundary between Georgia and the Creek nation. Ninth. At Charleston, Rocky Mountain, on the head waters of the Santee, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the states of South and North Carolina. Tenth. At Norfolk, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the state of Virginia. Eleventh. At Fort McHenry, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the state of Maryland and the district of Columbia. Twelfth. At Fort Millia, Pittsburg, Carlisle, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the states of Pennsylvania, New-Jersey, and Delaware. Thirteenth. At Fort Jay, West Point, Albany, Schenectady, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the state of New-York, (Niagara excepted). Fourteenth. At Fort Trumbull, Fort Wolcott, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the states of Connecticut, Rhode-Island and Vermont. Fifteenth. At Fort Independence, (Boston harbour) and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the state of Massachusetts (the district of Maine excepted). Sixteenth. At Portsmouth, Portland, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the state of New-Hampshire and the district of Maine. A ration to consist of one pound and one quarter of beef or three quarters of a pound of pork, eighteen ounces of bread or flour, one gill of rum, whisky or brandy, and at the rate of two quarts of salt, four quarts of vinegar, four pounds of soap, and one pound and one half of candles, to every hundred rations. The prices of the several component parts of the rations shall be specified; but the United States reserve the right of making such alteration in the price of the component parts of the ration aforesaid as shall make the price of each part thereof bear a just proportion to the proposed price for the whole ration. The rations are to be furnished in such quantities, that there shall be at all times, during the term of the proposed contract, be sufficient for the consumption of the troops at Michilimackanac, Detroit, Niagara and Chicago for six months in advance, and at each of the other posts on the western waters for at least three months in advance, of good and wholesome provisions, if the same be required. It is also to be permitted to all and every of the Commanders of fortified places or posts to call for at seasons when the same can be transported, or at any time in the case of urgency such supplies of like provisions in advance, as in the discretion of the Commandant shall be deemed proper. It is to be understood that the contractor is to be at the expense and risk of issuing the supplies to the troops, and that all losses sustained by the depreciation of an enemy, or by means of the troops of the United States, shall be paid by the United States at the price of the articles captured or destroyed as aforesaid, on the deposition of two or more persons of creditable characters, and the certificate of a commissioned officer stating the circumstances of the loss, and the amount of the articles for which compensation shall be claimed. The privilege is understood to be reserved to the United States of requiring that none of the supplies which may be furnished under any of the proposed contracts, shall be issued until the supplies which have been or may be furnished under contracts now in force, have been consumed, and that a supply in advance may be always required at any of the fixed posts on the Sea board or Indian frontiers, not exceeding three months. H. DEARBORN, Secretary of War. (t M 18)
Notice. Those who have any claims against the estate of Alice Lemay, late of Hanover county, will make them known—and those that may be indebted, will please to make payment. W. ANDERSON, Adm'r. with the will annexed. Caroline, Feb. 18, 1804. 3w