Virginia Argus (Richmond, Va.), 1806-05-06 00:00:00

VIRGINIA ARGUS.
[XIVth YEAR.]
A FREE PRESS MAINTAINS THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE PEOPLE.
[No. 1257.]
RICHMOND:—PRINTED (ON TUESDAYS AND FRIDAYS) BY SAMUEL PLEASANTS, JUNIOR, PRINTER TO THE COMMONWEALTH.
[Four Dollars Per Annum....paid in advance.]
TUESDAY, MAY 6, 1806.
[12 1-2 Cents Single.]
WE have just received for Sale, 20 Bags best Green COFFEE, 20 Hhds MOLASSES, 2,500 lbs CHEESE, 20 Boxes Cotton & Wool CARDS, 6 Hhds Antigua RUM, 6 do. Windward Island do. 6 do. New England do. 40 Tierces Stone LIME, 30 Barrels HERRINGS, 4 Casks fresh CLOVER SEED, 150 Sacks SALT, Which we will sell low for Cash, approved pa- per, or Country Produce.
Feb. 20, 1806 The Subscribers to the Turnpike Road, under the act entitled an act for establishing a Turnpike road from Richmond to the Deep Run Coal Pits, and from thence to the Three Notch- ed road, are requested to meet at the Washing- ton Tavern, in the city of Richmond, on the 22nd, day of May next, at 12 o'clock, to choose five Directors, and to take such other measures as may be deemed necessary to commence the improvement of the said road.
Robert Pollard, George Pickett, Joseph Gallego, Samuel Myers, Philip N. Nicholas, David Ross, James Currie, William Duval, wim
April 24, 1806.
MOUNT PROSPECT.
FOR sale, that elegant situation, called MOUNT PROSPECT, situated on the north side of Bacon Branch, containing six half acre lots, with all the improvements, distinguished in the plan for the city in Duval's plot; reference may be had to the survey which is as follows. No 191, 192, 196, 197, 198, 199, the whole adjoining each other, composing a city square and surrounded by 3 streets, each 33 feet wide—these lots are elegantly situated and highly improved, and in point of health and prosperity none can excel it. On these lots are a complete two-story brick house, 32 by 20, with a complete kitchen underneath, with many con- veniences not common in kitchens—on the first floor is a room of 18 feet square and a 12 feet passage, and above are four rooms including the garrets, which are comfortable—A stable of 16 by 20, completed, with stalls for four horses and a loft to contain four ton of hay, with a carriage house, granary, a well of most excellent water, well bricked, and with other necessary buildings —a complete garden in extreme high cultivation, planned in a superior manner, and from its pro- duction £100 a year might be made from the garden with a small exertion, it being so handy to the market—there is about half an acre in excellent clover, a number of the best fruit trees that could be obtained, such as grafted Cherry, Apple, Pear, Peach, Quince, Damson, and a va- riety of Plum Trees. The inclosure of these lots are with the best heart paling, cedar posts and oak rails, done in the best manner. This situation is worth the attention of many people; it must be admitted from the rapid increase of this city and the many improvements now ex- ecuting adjoining these lots, must make it ex- tremely valuable, and is daily increasing. It is unnecessary to give a further description of this place, as it is presumed no person will purchase without viewing the premises. It must be ad- mitted that it has as many advantages as any si- tuation to its size, and is well worth the atten- tion of every person who has a wish for such a pleasant retreat. Should I not dispose of this property privately, before Wednesday the 28th of next month, I will on that day sell to the highest bidder, where the terms of payment will be made easy and made known on that day.
Solomon Marks. Richmond, April 11th, 1806. N. B. I will show any gentleman the pre- mises, who think it worth their while to call on me.
Charlotte Court, 7th April, 1806. Thomas and Charles Morton, plaintiffs. Against William Walker, John Richardson, B. H. and Creed Taylor, defts.
The defendant Walker not having entered his appearance according to the act of assembly and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that he is not an in- habitant of this state: On the motion of the plaintiffs by their counsel, It is ordered , that he appear here on the first day of July court next, and answer the plaintiff's bill; that a copy of this order be inserted in one of the Virginia Ga- zettes for two months successively, and posted at the front door of the courthouse of the said county.
A Copy—Taste. Thomas Read, Clk.
Domestic Encyclopedia and Pink- erton's Geography.
SEVERAL of the subscribers to the DOMESTIC ENCYCLOPEDIA, and PINKERTON'S GEOGRAPHY, who were permitted to re- ceive the works in separate volumes as they came out, have neglected to call for the last vol- umes, in consequence of which a number of bro- ken sets remain on hand: such subscribers are earnestly solicited to send for the vols. wanted to complete their copies, or return those in their possession, for which the printer hereof will pay them the cash. if it March 6.
LATELY PUBLISHED, AND FOR SALE AT THIS OFFICE, DISCOURSES CONCERNING GOVERNMENT. By ALGERNON SIDNEY.
With a short account of the Author's Life, and copious INDEX. * Subscribers who entered with the Rev. M. L. Weems, will be supplied on application as above.
Valuable Family Medicines.
Just received direct from the Patentees, and for SALE WHOLESALE and RETAIL, by SA- MUEL PLEASANTS, Jr. Richmond, a large sup- ply of the following very valuable Medicines, viz:
Dr. Cooley's Vegetable Elixir, or Cough Drops.
Superior to any other medicine ever before in- vented, for all complaints of the Lungs, and has been known frequently to effect a cure after all other medicines have failed. It is to be hoped that all those who are laboring under Consump- tion and other diseases of the Lungs, will resort to this valuable medicine for relief.—Price 95 cents a bottle.
Dr. Rawson's Anti-Bilious and Stomachic Bitters.
Which have proved so extremely serviceable for a few years past, in restoring weak and decayed constitutions of almost every description, and for removing all those complicated complaints so common in the spring season—For a common bi- ter to use in families, none can excel them for pleasantness. To show that these excellent bi- ters are held in high estimation by Physicians of eminence, we need only insert the following ex- tract of a letter from Dr. John Willcox a respec- table Physician, and post-master at the city of Vergennes.
Vergennes, October 23d, 1804.
Sir, I have been one of those who never put much faith in patent medicine until of late, but must acknowledge from actual experience, that I have received more benefit from Dr. Rawson's Bitters, than from all the medicine I ever before took: I have been very unwell with a flow re- mitant fever.
I am, &c. JOHN WILLCOX, M. D.
Dr. Lee's (Windsor) Bileous Pills, Which have proved so eminently useful for these 12 years past in all Bileous Complaints, Indiges- tion, Jaundice, Dropsies, Debility, Head Aches, Cowivens, Female Complaints, &c. Their vir- tues are too well known to need comment in an advertisement.—Price 50 cents a box.
Dr. Thompson's Aromatic Tooth Paste, Which whitens and preserves the teeth gives an agreeable smell to the breath, and cures the scur- vy in the teeth and gums; it may be applied at all times without in the least injuring the teeth. The very great and extensive sale this medicine has met with, bespeaks its intrinsic worth.—Price 50 cents a box.
Dr. Rawson's Anti-Bilious Pills, or Family Physic,
A medicine which no family ought to be with- out, as these Pills are useful in every complaint where purgatives are necessary: they are certain to oper- ate in a short time without occasioning the least pain or griping.—Price only 25 cents a box.
Dr. Rawson's Celebrated Worm Powders, The most proper medicine that can be given to children to destroy Worms, & to remove crudities of every kind from the first passages.—Price 50 cents a packet.
Dr. Rawson's (Genuine) Itch Ointment, The most certain and safe application for that disagreeable complaint called the Itch, of any new or old. It also cures all kinds of eruptions on the face or skin, is very agreeable in smell, leaves the skin smooth & beautiful, it may be ap- plied at all times with the greatest safety.—Price only 45 cents a box.
Very particular directions accompany each of those valuable medicines.
THE subscriber is particularly requested by Messrs. Abbotts & Sheward, (successors to Isaac W. Morris of Philadelphia, in the Brewing Business) to make known to the citizens of Richmond, and the public gene- rally, that they mean to keep him supplied from time to time, with sufficient quantities of
PORTER AND BEER
From their Brewery, to answer the consumption of Richmond and the country trading therewith. The subscriber can say with confidence that judging from the sample heretofore received, that both the Porter and Beer is of superior quality, & will be sold as low as it can be had in Philadel- phia. Orders from the country will be properly attended to.
DANIEL TRIPLETT. April 17th, 1806
ALL persons having claims against the estate of DIDIER COLIN, dec. are requested to make them known, that provision may be made for a final settlement.—And those indebted to the said estate must make immedia- te payment, to
Catharine Colin, Adm x . of Didier Colin, dec. Richmond, April 11th, 1806.
JOSEPH H. MAYO, HAS just received, per the Schooner Sally & Mary, from Baltimore, a quantity of First Proof WHISKEY, Of good body and flavour, which he offers for sale at his Lumber-House in Port Mayo, on mod- erate terms. Port Mayo, April 13, 1806.
JUST PUBLISHED, AND FOR SALE AT THIS OFFICE, A PAMPHLET, Containing Sketches of the HISTORY of FRANCE and ENGLAND—And an account of NAPO- LEON BONAPARTE, Emperor of France, from his birth to the battle of Austerlitz—price 3s. April 23, 1806.
TO THE PUBLIC.
I INTEND, on the 22d day of May next, to commence and prosecute with as- sidity and attention the Practice of Law in all the Superior Courts held in the City of Rich- mond, together with the Husting Court, and the County Court of Henrico.—I shall also con- tinue to practice in the District Court of Bruns- wick as heretofore.—The place of my residence in Town will be on Shockoe Hill near the Pub- lic Square, in a brick-house adjoining the Wash- ington Tavern.
WILLIAM MUNFORD. Mecklenburg County, } April 23d, 1806.
CONGRESS.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
MONDAY, April 7.
SPANISH AFFAIRS.
Debate on the motion of Mr. J. Randolph to publish the President's Message.
MR. DANA said he was happy they were enabled to take a direct vote on the publication of the message. On the vote just taken he had felt himself bound to consult the opinions of gentlemen who had thought when the injunction of se- crecy was taken off, it did not apply to the publication of the message. The question now presents itself directly for consideration, whether it would be most expedient to publish it. It appears to me, said Mr. Dana, that there will be no breach of confidence in publishing it. It is private life one man makes a commu- nication to another, and the person who receives it says he will not pledge himself to keep it secret; there is no obligation on him not to divulge it, and should he divulge it there will be no question about the violation of confidence. Under what form then, was the communication of the President made to this House? Is there any thing in the constitution relative to the President's communicating any thing to either House in confidence, and abso- lutely prohibiting either House from dis- closing it? If there is no such thing in the constitution the disclosure must be left to our discretion, of the propriety of which we must be the judges. In the first place, the constitution of the United States provides for such communications to Congress as the President may see fit to make—it also declares that each House shall be governed by such rules as they shall make. Now when this message was received, the rules of the last House were adopted, and are such as are now in force. What is the rule applicable to the present point?
"When any confidential communicati- ons are received from the President of the U. States, the House shall be cleared of all persons except the members and the Clerk, and so continue during the reading of such communications, and (un- less otherwise directed by the House) during all debates and proceedings to be had thereon. And when the Speaker, or any other member, shall inform the House, that he has communications to make, which he conceives ought to be kept secret, the House shall, in like man- ner, be cleared till the communication be made; the House shall then determine whether the matter communicated re- quires secrecy or not, and take order ac- cordingly."
The President can make no communi- cations to us except under this rule. It was under this rule that this message was communicated. What is the inference? The rule was peremptory, so far as it re- quired the communication of the Presi- dent to be read with closed doors; but after having been so received, it is stri- ctly within the power of the House to de- cide whether it shall continue private, or be published. The President must have communicated the message under this impression. No obligation of confidence can be infringed by publishing it. Bel- ieving, therefore, that the publication will be no violation of confidence, and be- lieving that it will be for the public good, I shall vote for it.
MR. SLOAN. I shall as decidedly as the gentleman from Connecticut vote a- gainst the publication of the message; and on a principle which it behoves me never to abandon so long as I hold a seat on this floor. If I understand any thing of the matter, it was communicated to the House by the President in confidence that it would not be published; and if I have any idea of propriety, it ought to be still kept secret, as the reasons which first made it so still continue. If we are not constitutionally bound to keep the com- munications made by the President se- cret, I do conceive we are under an ob- ligation of respect to the other branches of the government, not to betray the confi- dence reposed in us; and should this communication be published the other branches of the government ought first to sanction it. Such a course would, in my opinion, have a direct tendency, to de- stroy our confidence in the President, and our diplomatic characters abroad.
MR. J. RANDOLPH. Before the question is taken I have a few observati- ons to offer in addition to those which I submitted the other day on the subject of the secret proceedings, to show that the message of the President ought to be pub- lished, not only in justification of the re- port of the select committee which has been published, but in justice to the go- vernment itself. An attempt has been made in the public prints, and on this
floor, to give a color to the proceedings of the House, when in conclave, totally in- consistent with, and in opposition to truth. It has been intimated that the minority were in favor of war; or by intimating that the majority were in favor of pacific measures, the inference has been drawn that the minority were in favor of war. The fact is this—and as the message of the President has been read as a part of the journal ordered to be published, as the Speaker and clerk have attested, I will undertake to state what it contains unless prevented by the chair.
The Speaker interrupted Mr. R. by ob- serving that such a statement would not be in order.
Mr. Randolph. I will confine myself then to stating that the division of sen- timent in the House, was whether we should have a territorial accommodation of our differences with Spain, whether we should have an accommodation which did not merely suit Spain and us, or a monied accommodation which neither suited us or Spain, but France. A re- currence to the journals will show this to have been the principal difference that subsisted within the walls of this House. There was no party of men in this House, or elsewhere, in favor of war—for I beg leave to call gentlemen on the committee to witness that the opinion of the major- ity of the select committee was that we should neither give money or make war; but that we should defend the limits of the old United States and the territories acquired from Spain. What were the facts? Our army was dispersed in can- tonments, God knows where. The coun- try to be protected was far removed from any considerable surrounding population. —a country which, from the circumstan- ces in which it is placed, must be kept and held by military force. When the militia of the United States from the most contiguous states to New Orleans were deputed to take possession of the country, events proved that it could not be defended by militia, unless indeed by the militia of the Chickasaws, the Creeks and Choctaws. It is not only cut off from the populous parts of the U. States, but it is protruded into the gulf of Mexico, and also surrounded by extensive marsh- es which do not admit of its being defend- ed in the same manner as the other parts of the U. States. So much with regard to a standing army. The committee ap- plied to the head of the proper depart- ment to know what force would be requi- red to defend the frontier. Our report has been published. Why have not the letter addressed to the secretary of war and his report been likewise published? If the executive of the U. States will take upon itself the responsibility of defending the country with a single grenadier, be it so. But it was said there was not suffi- cient force to defend the country; and are we not now attempting by a landed bounty to generate this force? These cir- cumstances prove our views in commit- tee, and I do not hesitate to say that all the force we have should have been placed in the vicinity of New Orleans—that was the weak point which ought to have been guarded.
There is another view of the subject. Against Spain, with whom we had tried the fair experiment of negotiation, and which had totally failed, we took no man- ly attitude; while we reserved all our energy for G. Britain, and determined to coerce her by prohibiting the importation of her military. Yes, against Spain, when our negotiations had totally failed, and under circumstances of disgrace to the United States, we took no manly ground, but begged her to take money; while with Great Britain, with whom ne- gotiation had not failed, while a negotia- tion was depending we declared ourselves in favor of taking a decisive and hostile attitude. Here is the real difference of opinion. In the one case we had a pend- ing negotiation. In the other it had been tried and failed. But that is not all. Be- cause we bought Louisiana from France, it was contended that we should be follow- ing the old precedent by buying the Floridas of Spain. But in answer it was observed that in the first case we made an offer to purchase as a prelude to negotia- tion; and it was declared that the mis- conduct of the Spanish agents was un- thorised. But here the case was com- pletely reversed. There was no doubt of the misconduct of the Spanish agents being authorised, and negotiation had been tried and had failed. There was another difference. In one case we made a fair and honorable purchase from France who owned the property; but in this case, we observed that we were about to make a dishonorable purchase of a highwayman of property taken from its rightful owner, or to obtain his services to bully it from its rightful owner; and it was known, the declaration had been repeatedly made, that a high officer of the government of the United States, the head of the department of state, avowed
that the money was for France. Where has the Hornet sailed? To Corunna or to Cadiz? No, to Nantz, the high road to Paris. It was not because there was a party in the House indisposed to the ho- nest acquisition of the Floridas, but be- cause there was a party indisposed to ac- quire them at the expense of the national treasure and honor, that opposition origi- nated to the measures you have taken. No, sir, we were not for war, we were for peace—for acting on true policy, on the principle of taking firmer ground than has been taken—that ground which we thought was called for; and not for en- deavoring to curry favor with one of the European powers by throwing our weight in her scale, and thus producing a cause of quarrel with another nation during a pending negotiation. This is the fact. We told gentlemen, that, after France had said, if you give Spain one blow I will give you ten or two, I do not rec- ollect which,—after she had told you that your claims against Spain must be aban- doned,—after she had in the most insult- ing and degrading manner interfered in our differences with Spain,—that, under these circumstances to put money into the hands of France was not only a viola- tion of your neutrality with Great Britain but that the ground subsequently taken towards Great Britain was a most das- tardly accommodation to the wishes of France, in order, by putting on a hostile attitude to Britain to curry favor with the Emperor of France; and which was not demanded by the situation of our affairs with G. Britain.
What is our true policy? To take part with neither of those nations—to let nei- ther of them finger one dollar of our mo- ney—to resist the unjust pretensions of all. This policy we have abandoned, and what is the consequence? The national honor has received a stain which all the waters of the Potomac cannot wash out. It is on the page of history, and cannot now be taken off. The nation is stig- matised—it has received a blot, which all your Indian rubber cannot efface.
But it has been represented that I took part with the Spanish against the Amer- ican government in relation to the dis- puted territory between the Perdido and the Mississippi. I took part so far as this. I did not wish to see the American honor sacrificed in a contest with Spain. I took part so far, as to be called a Span- ish partisan by some gentlemen, while others charged me with being willing to kindle a war with Spain. I stated that we had never received copies of the in- structions of the minister delegated to ne- gotiate with the Spanish government; and that if we should call for the docu- ments we should find that the business from the first to the last had been man- aged in the most embecile manner—I do not speak of the negotiator—God forbid —but of those who drew the instructions of the man who negotiated. We bought Louisiana from France under the terms of the treaty of St. Ildefonso. Accord- ing to the Executive understanding that country extended to the Perdido and the Rio Bravo. We immediately legislated on our first claim and passed a law erect- ing the bay and shores of the Mobile in- to a revenue district. What was the fact? That we were legislating without information. We had never been told that Laussat had been directed to receive the country only to the Iberville and the Lakes. We consequently legislated in error for want of correct Executive infor- mation. This was the beginning. We then sent commissioners to Madrid. These commissioners had various causes of complaint against Spain. One was for the injury we had sustained from the suspension of the right of deposit at New Orleans, which has not to this day been satisfied; another was for spoliations committed on our commerce in the W. Indies; another for spoliations commit- ted by France; and another relative to boundaries. We claimed to the Rio Bravo; but our commissioners declared themselves ready to agree, in case Spain ceded the disputed country to the East, that the Colorado should be the boundary line; and to make even this offer our a- gents were obliged to exceed their in- structions. This information is not drawn from documents before the House—it is not confidential—if gentlemen doubt its correctness, let them call for official doc- uments. We wanted the territory on the East of the Mississippi and offered to pay for it with territory West of the Mississippi. But Spain replies, that ter- ritory belongs to me, and as I am able and willing to defend both, I will not give up one to pay for the other. And so far from making the Colorado river a bound- ary being a great concession, the pre- sent actual boundary is, I know not how many hundred miles, this side of it. Could such a negotiation, thus conduct- ed, fail to fail? The great wonder with me is that the ministers of the U. States made out to continue their exertions so

As far as her aid in pressing such a proposition. At last some of the X, Y, and Z men go to our ministers, and say, put on a hostile attitude towards Spain, and when things are coming to a rupture, refer Spain to our mediation, give us a round sum, and we will dictate the terms on which an accommodation shall take place. When the fact came out, a general astonishment prevailed, and many worthy friends from Maryland, who no longer holds a seat in this House, told you that he hoped in God the negotiation would fail. I have said so much, that at least that portion of the public in our hearing may be undeceived, in respect to the proceedings of the House, when in conclave, and may give due information to their constituents when they go home. For situated as we are in this remote corner of the union, in a wilderness and desert, with but a single press, it is impossible that any thing like a correct transcript of our proceedings can go to the public. I make this statement, that it may be known that we felt no indisposition to respect the national honor either as to Britain or Spain; but that we were for no half way measures with either nation. We were willing to try negotiation with Britain, and when that had failed, we were willing to go to the requisite length.
I hope for the honor of the Executive government of the United States, the message of the President will be published. With regard to any effect it may have on the negotiations at Paris, it is the idlest thing in the world to talk of any effect being produced there by any thing but money. They will look at your cash. If it is enough you will have your business done; if not, it will not be done. On this point I will add a single word. I am prepared to hear it said, that if this negotiation fails, it will be in consequence of the secret journal being published. But it requires no wizard to foretell that it will fail. It must. The battle of Austria has settled that question. It cannot succeed. It is impossible. And were it possible, the success of the negotiation would depend on nothing done in this House, save the sum of money given to France to compel Spain to do so and so. What will be the consequence of your measures? If there shall be a peace in Europe, you may expect a strong Spanish squadron, aided perhaps by a French force, in the bay of Pensacola; and you may be glad to get off with a loss of two millions, you may be glad to get off with a loss of twenty millions—France sold Louisiana to the United States for so many millions, 3,750,000 dollars of which were to be paid to our citizens. We have been gulled out of that. But the last thing that has entered into the mind of France is to settle any thing definite with fixed metes and boundaries. Her object is to deal with you for money. She means to sell by the degree, and every time you apply to her for a settlement of boundaries, she will call upon you for more money. We were indisposed to give into these terms.
(To be continued.)
FROM THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER.
REMARKS
On the measures of the last session of Congress. THE events of the last session of Congress, connected with the circumstances accompanying them, are too important not to merit the general attention of the people. The events themselves, considering either the causes in which they originated, the means by which they were effected, or the consequences in which they may involve, in no inconsiderable degree, the dignity of the government, and the general welfare of the community. Measures, thus interesting in themselves, have derived additional importance from the collision of opinion which has attended some of them. Under these circumstances it becomes the duty of the press to lay before the public the best materials within its reach for the formation of a correct and honest decision. This duty becomes imperious from the copious stream in which misrepresentation has been poured forth, and from the high estimation not merely of acts, but likewise of motives.
Professing ourselves to be the friends of truth, and of truth only, willing to support her cause by all honorable means, and determined to support no other cause, no apology need be offered for occupying a part of our columns with those plain statements of facts, and the natural inferences deducible from them, which we believe will be of use to enlighten subjects wrapped in uncommon obscurity, and to insure that sober conviction of mind which reposes in confident security on the results to which it is led by a full investigation.
Some apology may, perhaps, be due for the silence which, under existing circumstances, we have for some time maintained. We have not been insensible to the duties of a print at the centre of the union. But such has been the extreme pressure of other duties, and particularly that of reporting the proceedings of Congress (which of itself affords full occupation for one person) that we have felt a total inability, from a want of time, to submit any original matter to our readers worthy of their attention.
In the remarks we shall offer, we promise our readers to maintain the same temperance which has invariably characterised our columns. We shall abstain from all personal remarks, we shall state facts as we believe them to exist; and if, from the obscurity attendant on some of the transactions, we are involved in any incorrectness, we shall, on its exposure, be the first to acknowledge it.
It is unnecessary, we trust, for us to say that on political subjects we think, as we ever have thought, and that we have not forfeited our respect and veneration for those republican principles which we admired at an early period of life. It may, however, be necessary to promise, in order that the object of our remarks may be fully understood, that our confidence in the virtue and talents, the motives and measures of those who administer our national concerns, is unshaken; to declare that recent events, so far from impairing, have strengthened that confidence, by furnishing us with new and additional evidence that the great end of the administration is the public good, and the means used for accomplishing this result such as prudence, wisdom and true republican policy recommend.
The most permanent measures respecting our foreign relations. On these, therefore, we shall bestow the first attention. These measures principally respect Spain and Great Britain.
These relative to Spain are involved in some obscurity. We know the measures taken: but we do not know distinctly the reasons on which they were founded, or the arguments urged against them, as the discussions relative to them were conducted with closed doors, and as several important documents are still reserved from the public eye. The want of information thus important should inspire us with diffidence in our opinions. It should, however, at the same time not be lost sight of that the negotiation for the purchase of the Floridas, the measure ultimately adopted, did not receive the sanction of the house of representatives until several weeks had elapsed after the submission of the proposition, and until it had been fully discussed: until ample time had been allowed for its elucidation in every aspect in which it could be presented. Having received a strenuous opposition, it is but fair to infer that the judgments of the representatives were maturely formed on an abundant stock of materials. When this circumstance is considered, in connection with the fact that the measure was sanctioned by a majority of 22 members of the house of representatives, and by a large majority of the senate, we have strong presumptive proofs that, in as much as it was approved by those who were necessarily the best informed, who are to this moment better informed on this subject than their constituents, and who feel the full weight of responsibility, it is, all things considered, the best measure which could have been adopted.
Viewed as an abstract question the possession of the Floridas must be allowed on all hands to be of infinite importance to the United States. The view taken of this subject by a committee of the house of representatives, so long ago as January, 1803, has been justly pronounced conclusive. The time when, and the circumstances under which this report was made, entitle it to peculiar notice.
Our readers will recollect that at the period referred to our right of deposit at New Orleans was invaded, attended by various symptoms of hostility on the part of Spain. At the session immediately ensuing the occurrence of this event, the president submitted a message to the house of representatives on the subject. From the deliberations of that body emanated this report, which we subjoin at full length.
The committee, to whom was referred a resolution proposing an appropriation of two millions of dollars, in addition to the sum usually appropriated for the purposes of intercourse between the United States and foreign nations, submit the following
REPORT: The object of this resolution is to enable the executive to commence, with more effect, a negotiation with the French and Spanish governments relative to the purchase from them of the island of New Orleans, and the provinces of East and West Florida. This object is deemed highly important and has received the attentive consideration of the committee. The free and unmolested navigation of the river Mississippi, is a point to which the attention of the general government has been directed, ever since the peace of 1783, by which our independence as a nation was finally acknowledged. The immense tract of country owned by the United States, which lies immediately on the Mississippi, or communicates with it by means of large navigable rivers rising within our boundaries, renders its free navigation an object, not only of inestimable advantage, but of the very first necessity. The Mississippi forms the western boundary of the United States from its source to the 31st degree of North latitude, and empties itself into the Gulf of Mexico about the 29th degree of North latitude. It furnishes the only outlet through which the produce of the Indiana territory, of the states of Ohio, Kentucky and Tennessee, and of the western parts of Pennsylvania and Virginia, and a portion of the Mississippi territory, can be transported to a foreign market or to the ports of the Atlantic states. From the 31st degree of north latitude which is the southern boundary of the United States, to the mouth of the river, the territory on each side has heretofore been in possession of the Spanish government; the province of Louisiana lying to the west, and those of East Florida, with the island of New Orleans, to the east. Although the United States have insisted on an uncontrollable right to pass up and down the river, from its source to the sea, yet this right, if admitted in its most ample latitude, will not secure to them the full advantages of navigation. The strength and rapidity of the current of the Mississippi are known to render its ascent so extremely difficult, that few vessels of burthen have attempted to go as far as our boundary. This circumstance obliges the citizens of the western country to carry their produce down the river in boats, from which it is put on board of ships capable of sustaining a sea voyage. It follows, therefore, that to enjoy the full benefits of navigation, some place should be fixed which sea vessels can approach without great inconvenience, where the American produce may be deposited until it is again shipped to be carried abroad. This great point was secured to us in the year 1795 by the Spanish government, who agreed in the treaty of San Lorenzo el Real, that Americans should have the right of deposit at New Orleans. This right has been used from that time till a late period; but the conduct of the Intendant at that place, shews how liable the advantageous navigation of the river is to interruption, and strongly points out the impolicy of relying on a foreign nation for benefits which our citizens have a right to expect should be secured to them by their own government. It is hoped that the port of New Orleans may again be opened, before any very material injuries arise; but
should this be the case, or if as the treaty provides, a new place of deposit should be assigned, the late occurrence shews the uncertainty of its continuance. Experience proves that the caprice or the interested views of a single officer, may perpetually subject us to the alternative of submitting to injury, or of resorting to war.
The late violation of our treaty with Spain necessarily leads to the enquiry how far the western country may be affected in other points, not connected with New Orleans. The Mississippi territory extends from the confines of Georgia to the river Mississippi, and from the 31st to the 35th degree of north latitude. It is estimated to contain more than fifty millions of acres, and from its numerous advantages must one day or other possess an immense population. The variety, richness and abundance of its productions, hold out to settlers the strongest inducements to resort thither, and the United States may safely calculate on drawing a considerable revenue from the sale of lands in this, as well as in other quarters of the western country. The value of these, however, may be diminished or increased, and the sale impeded or advanced by the impression made on the public mind, by shutting the port of New Orleans, and by eventual measures which may be adopted to guard against similar injuries.
West Florida is bounded on the north by the Mississippi territory, from which it is separated by no natural boundary; on the east by the river Apalachicola which divides it from East Florida; on the west by the river Mississippi, and on the south by the Gulf of Mexico. The Mississippi territory is intersected by many large and valuable rivers which rise within its own boundaries, and meander through it in a general direction from north to south, but empty themselves into the Gulf of Mexico through the province of West Florida. In fact with the exception of that part of the territory which lies immediately on the Mississippi, the whole must depend on the Mobile and the Apalachicola, with their numerous branches, and on some other rivers of inferior note, for the means of sending its produce to market, and of returning to itself such foreign supplies, as the necessities or convenience of its inhabitants may require. In these rivers too, the eastern parts of the state of Tennessee are deeply interested, as some of the great branches of the Mobile approach very near to some of those branches of the Tennessee river, which lie above the great muscle shoals. Even if it should prove difficult to connect them, yet the land carriage will be shorter, and the route to the sea more direct, than the river Tennessee furnishes. These rivers possess likewise an advantage which is denied to the Mississippi. As their sources are not in the mountains, and their course is thro' a level country, their currents are gentle and the tide flows considerably above our boundary. This circumstance together with the depth of water which many of them afford, render them accessible to sea-vessels; and ships of two hundred tons burthen may ascend for several hundred miles in the heart of the Mississippi territory. These rivers, however, which run almost exclusively within our own limits, & which it would seem as if nature had intended for our own benefit, we must be indebted to others for the beneficial use of, so long as the province of West Florida shall continue in the possession of a foreign nation. If the province of West Florida were of itself an independent empire, it would be the interest of its government to promote the freedom of trade, by laying open the mouths of the rivers to all nations, this having been the policy of those powers who possess the mouths of the Rhine, the Danube, the Po and the Tagus, with some others. But the system of colonization, which has always heretofore prevailed, proves, that the mother country is ever anxious to engross to itself the trade of its colonies, and affords us every reason to apprehend that Spain will not readily admit us to pass through her territory to carry on a trade either with each other or with foreign nations. This right we may insist on, and perhaps it may be conceded to us; but it is possible that it may be denied. At all events it may prove the source of endless disagreement and perpetual hostility.
In this respect East Florida may not perhaps be so important, but its acquisition is nevertheless deemed desirable. From its junction with the state of Georgia at the river St. Mary's it stretches nearly four hundred miles into the sea, forming a large peninsula, and has some very fine harbours. The southern point, cape Florida, is not more than one hundred miles distant from the Havannah, and the possession of it may be beneficial to us in relation to our trade with the West Indies. It would likewise make our whole territory compact, would add considerably to our sea coast, and by giving us the Gulf of Mexico for our southern boundary, would render us less liable to attack, in what is now deemed the most vulnerable part of the union.
From the foregoing view of facts, it must be seen that the possession of New Orleans and the Floridas will not only be required for the convenience of the United States, but will be demanded by their most imperious necessities. The Mississippi and its branches, with those other rivers above referred to, drain an extent of country not less perhaps than one
half of our whole territory, containing at this time one eighth of our population & progressing with a rapidity beyond the experiences of any former time, or of any other nation. The Floridas and New Orleans command the only outlets to the sea, and our best interest require that we should get possession of them. This requisition however arises not from a disposition to increase our territory; for neither the Floridas nor New Orleans, offer any other inducements than their mere geographical relation to the United States. But if we look forward to the free use of the Mississippi, the Mobile, the Apalachicola and the other rivers of the west, by ourselves and our posterity, New Orleans and the Floridas must become a part of the United States either by purchase or by conquest.
(To be continued.)
NEW-YORK, April 26
Last evening, the sloop Richard, from Brownsville, was fired at by the Leader, and whilst laying to, a ball struck John Pierce, (brother to the captain) in the neck, as he was standing at the helm, and killed instantly. Two shots were fired at the sloop, the first went about 10 yards off.
The ship Aurora, Fairchild, from the Havannah, belonging to Samuel Russel, was captured off the Hook yesterday, by one of the blockading squadron, after having a pilot on board, and ordered for Halifax.
The brig Ceres, from the West Indies, was captured yesterday off the Hook by the above blockading squadron, and ordered for Halifax. The three masted schr. Nimrod, Manning, from Currazoa for New York, was captured yesterday morning, off Sandy Hook, by the British ship of war Leader, and ordered for Halifax.
The frigate Cambrian, now off the mouth of our harbour, is from Halifax, and the Driver sloop of war from a cruise. The Leader we understand, will sail for Halifax on Sunday next.
NEW ORLEANS, March 19.
It appears from some recent letters from Mobile, that since the arrival there of the Intendant (Morales) they are doing their utmost to prejudice the minds of the people against the Americans. It is reported that they are not even content with this, but that Governor Folck has had conferences with different indian chiefs. The object of these conferences are not particularly stated; but it is supposed that they are endeavoring to persuade the Indians to commit outrages on our frontiers. It is further reported, that sixty horse loads of gun powder have been carried out of the town of Mobile by the Indians. Such is the line of conduct this jealous and infatuated people pursue. What they cannot accomplish by fair and upright means, they make up by the most base subterfuge.
Letters from Mobile to the 9th contain some further information relative to the hostile disposition of the Spaniards. It is said they have received a considerable reinforcement (probably from Pensacola) of men, mortars, bombs and guns.
The present state of things in that quarter cannot long continue. If no other means will answer, Governor Folck and the king his master, must be made to observe towards the United States a just and respectful conduct.
It is stated in letters that a very influential commercial house at Mobile, has volunteered its aid and will grant every indulgence that may be asked by the Indians, in furnishing them with supplies.
The U States brig Franklin, John Earles, esq. commander, leaves this port on Sunday next for Washington City.
March 26
SPIRIT OF THE TIMES.
We are indebted to the possessor of an esteemed friend, for a copy of the following spirited and patriotic resolutions. We understand that they have been entered into in the Tombigby and Alabama settlements, in consequence of the Spanish order for shutting up the river Mobile. They were agreed to by all who saw them, and were expected to be generally adopted.
Washington County, Mississippi Territory.
March 14, 1806.
Whereas the officers of his catholic majesty at Mobile, have by an unprecedented and arbitrary regulation interdicted all direct commercial intercourse between this country and New Orleans, have, in palpable violation of the treaty between the king of Spain and the United States, detained vessels bound from New Orleans to the port of Fort Stodart, and absolutely prohibited their proceeding to the place of their destination, and have in so doing prevented our receiving those supplies which are necessary for our comfortable subsistence. We whose names are hereunto subscribed, have mutually covenanted, & do solemnly bind ourselves one to the other, and to all the people of the United States—
That we will not sell or in any manner furnish to any of the subjects of his catholic majesty, any corn, beef, pork, or any other provisions, whilst the said arbitrary regulations and restrictions are continued in force.
That we will not buy any merchandise or other articles of any subject of the king of Spain, which we have reasons to believe have been purchased at or brought from the town of Mobile.
That we shall regard any man who holds any commercial intercourse with the subjects of the king of Spain, as indifferent to the welfare of the good people of Washington county, and as an enemy to this country. And we moreover, here by call upon our fellow citizens seriously to reflect, whether after the late manifestation of hostility on the part of the agents and the subjects of the king of Spain, any one owing allegiance to the American government, will not be guilty of a high crime in offering them aid and comfort, and justly expose himself to all the pains and penalties of high treason against the U. States.
By virtue of a deed of trust from Jeremiah Rawlins, jr. to us, for the benefit of James Oliver's executors, will be SOLD, for ready money, at Hanover courthouse, on the 15th of April next,
The following Slaves, viz.
Beck, Caroline, Doctor, alias Glasgow, Father and her five children, Polly, Judith, Lucy, Harry and Billy, or so many of them as will raise the sum of 220L. with the interest due thereon, and the costs and charges attending the execution of the said trust.
J. Temple.
Th. Pollard.
March 6, 1806.
In consequence of the negroes not being brought forward on the above mentioned day, the sale is POSTPONED until the 28th of May (being Hanover court day,) when it will certainly take place, whether they are brought forward or not.
Ma, 2, 1806.
VIRGINIA ARGUS.
RICHMOND:
TUESDAY, MAY 6, 1806.
RICHMOND PRICE CURRENT.
Table with 2 columns: Item, Price. Items include Tobacco, Wheat, Flour, Corn, Hemp, Iron, Whiskey. Prices are in dollars and cents per unit.
Delegates elected to serve in the next General Assembly of Virginia.
Warwick—J. Burnham, Dixon Brown. Pittsylvania—Daniel Coleman, Raleigh White.
Extract of a letter from New York, dated the 26th ult.
The British frigates Leader and Cambrian arrived off this port on Wednesday or Thursday, were joined by the Driver sloop of war; they have sent several vessels to Halifax, bound both from and to this port. Yesterday a sloop from Brandywine, (Del.) was fired at by the Leader, and a man was killed; the particulars are these: the captain of the sloop thinking as she was only a coaster they would not trouble him, he went near, and the Leader fired a shot to bring her to; when the captain found it was their intention to bring him in, he told his brother to put the helm about, in order to bring her along side, which he was doing when they fired another shot—this struck him on the throat, and instantly killed him. To day there was a boat going down to the frigates with provisions, which when the mayor heard, he ordered two pilot boats to be armed, manned and sent after her: this was done, and they overtook her before she reached the frigates, and brought her back: the provisions were carried up to the alms house, with the English colors before, and the American colors over them: they afterwards burnt the English colors. There is to be a general meeting of the inhabitants this evening to take proper steps about immediately fortifying the harbor.
Extract of a letter from New York, dated Saturday, April 26.
The body of the man murdered on board the sloop from Delaware, has been exposed all this day at Burling's slip to thousands of spectators, it is to be lodged to morrow in the Tontine coffee-house or the City Hall, for public view, and on Monday to be buried, attended by the corporation, &c. The minds of the inhabitants are wrought up to a pitch of actual madness. Two schooners armed and full of volunteers have already sailed, and two others are ready for sea, to take the vessels captured by the British blockading squadron. The purser of the Leader came to town yesterday and purchased three boat loads of all kinds of provisions: two of the boats were stopped at the wharf, the third having sailed early this morning, was overtaken near the Hook by a pilot boat despatched for the purpose, and broke back: the provisions are now in light carts, passing through the streets with drums, fife, &c. and are intended to be left at the poor house. An express was sent off this morning to Washington. The inhabitants appear one and all to be of opinion, that the conduct of the British is tyrannical, cruel and unjust, and that some decisive steps ought and must be taken immediately, to stop, if possible, their present iniquitous proceedings.
Extract of a letter from New York, dated Sunday, April 27.
I hasten to forward to you the enclosed articles. I have only time to add, that 2 or 3 vessels, with 60 men each, have been despatched through the Sound to retake the American vessels which have been sent to Halifax.
POSTSCRIPT.
Just as this paper was put to press, Ten Carloads of Provisions, which had been procured in this city for the British squadron now blockading our harbour, and which had been arrested on the way to the ships, and brought back to town, were conveyed to the alms-house, amidst the loud huzzas of the multitude.
(N. Y. Com. Adv.)
New York, April 26.
At a meeting of FEDERAL REPUBLICANS at the Tontine Coffee House, called this day to take into consideration the detenceless state of our harbor, Cornelius Ray, esq. in the chair.
On motion Resolved, That Rufus King, Ebenezer Stevens, Oliver Wolcott, William W. Woolsey, and William Henderson, be a committee to prepare and report to this meeting, resolutions expressive of the objects of this meeting, as to the subjects on which they were convened: which committee reported the following:
Resolved, That the citizens of the United States are of right, and according to the Constitution and Laws of the Land, entitled to the enjoyment of life, liberty, and property: and that it is the primary and most important duty of the Government to defend, preserve, and protect the same.
Resolved, That it is upon the strength and resources of the United States, that we can alone under Providence, rely for national safety and the maintenance of national rights.
Resolved, That the repeated outrages committed by foreign ships of war at the mouths of our harbors, merit the resentment and indignation of every friend to his country.
Resolved, That an administration which consents to pay money to avoid foreign insolence, or to prevent the violation of national rights, while it sells and dismantles its naval force, instead of increasing and preserving it for the defence of our ports and commerce, prostrates the national honor, endangers the public safety, and invites both injustice and insult.
Resolved, That the suffering of foreign armed ships to station themselves off our harbor, and there to stop, search and capture our vessels, to impress, wound and murder our citizens, is a gross and criminal neglect of the highest duties of government, & that an administration which patiently permits the same, is not entitled to the confidence of a brave and free people.

Resolved. That the body of merchants, who foresaw the impending danger, and petitioned congress and the state legislature to afford protection to this city, and its lawful commerce, have merited the approbation of their fellow citizens.
Resolved. That the memorials of the merchants and citizens to Congress, have been neglected, and that we have not perceived, on the part of the members of the Senate and Assembly from this city, such exertions and zeal as were expected of them to engage the interposition and influence of the state Legislature with Congress for the protection of our defenceless city.
Resolved. That so long as the British ships of war, which have assumed a station at the entrance of this port, are suffered to remain there, it is earnestly recommended, that no supplies, provisions, or succours of any kind, should be afforded them from our markets, nor any intercourse held with them in any shape whatever, and that our pilot-boats should abstain from visiting them.
Resolved. That the MURDER of JOHN PEARCE, one of our fellow-citizens, by a shot from a British ship of war, at the entrance of our harbor, and within half a mile of the shore, while he was engaged in peaceably navigating a coasting vessel laden with provisions for our market, was an act that excites our detestation and abhorrence, and calls upon our government for the adoption of prompt and vigorous measures to prevent a repetition of such wanton and inhuman conduct, and so fla grant a violation of our national sovereignty.
Resolved. That this meeting approve the conduct of those persons who intercepted the supplies which were sent from this city to those vessels who now blockaded our harbor, and who have murdered our fellow citizen John Pearce.
Resolved. That we will attend the funeral of the deceased, and that it be recommended to the ships in the harbor to display the customary signs of mourning.
Resolved. That John B. Coles, Ebenezer Stevens, Samuel Mansfield, Robert Bogardus, and Samuel Gedney, be a committee to confer with the friends of the deceased, and make the necessary arrangements in behalf of this meeting relative to his funeral.
Resolved. That the proceedings of this meeting be published.
CORNELIUS RAY, Chairman. SAMUEL BOYD, Secretary.
We observe, by the New-York prints that the tender sensibilities of the federalists have at last been excited—by the murder committed by their good friends the British. A federal meeting was held, in consequence, where sundry resolutions were passed, condemning the atrocious act.
Can any one explain this ebullition of federal feeling?
Can any one tell, why Oliver Wolcott and other federalists who for years palliated the insults and robbery committed by the British, should now be foremost in resolving that such robbery and outrage ought no longer to be suffered?
Can any one tell, why federalists, who under John Adams patiently suffered and winked at the murder, whipping and imprisonment of American seamen, should now call for prompt and vigorous measures to prevent the like in future?
To assist the reader to give an answer—we will just mention, that an election is now pending in New-York, at which federalism is about to try its strength for the first time since 1800. That the federal party is determined to try its strength in the union, on the very first opportunity. That a shew of patriotism is now made to gull the unsuspecting.
Let no man suppose that the N. York federal resolutions breathe the pure spirit of patriotism—they are an electioneering trick—if there had been no election, the murder of Pierce would never have been thus censured, it would have been passed over as the more ignominious murder of Jonathan Robbins was under John Adams.
Let no man suppose that the murder of Pierce has excited actual and true abhorrence of the British in the breasts of the federalists—in all their resolutions, they do not once censure the British administration or the British policy, the whole are directed against the government of this country as if it had perpetrated the outrageous act.
Let no man imagine that these resolutions are any thing more than the mere ignis fatuus of federalism—they are the family of the Ocean massacre, the stab and taylor plots , with which the American people were amused or insulted eight years ago.
Let no man suppose that federalism, which has ever been in league with Britain, is now convinced of its errors—instead of casting the blood of Pierce to the account of his murderers, see federal artifice employed to lay it to the charge of the administration of America—but this artifice will defeat itself, no republicans will ever believe that the federalists have become true patriots, or that the republicans who ever called for the chastisement of the British, have now become their advocates.
Yet such are the means, the despicable means, that federalists employ to carry their election—they hold out the idea that, it is altogether owing to the conduct of the administration that our citizens are murdered and our property taken, altho' under federalism both were practised by the British—and let the federalists of N.
Y. Oliver Wolcott, Rufus King and others remember this fact: The federalists in congress did not vote for any of the strong measures proposed to be taken against the British. (Aurora)
The public will learn, with surprise and indignation, that the identical British frigates, and sloop of war, the Leander , Cambrian and Driver , which committed so many outrages and insults, in the spring of 1804, and the spring of 1805, off and even within the harbor of New York, are now cruising off that place, for their former purposes. They did not suffer a single vessel to pass Sandy Hook, on Thursday last, without stopping and detaining it; the brig Comet , for Nantiz, was not liberated on Friday night.
Such gross and reiterated outrage and insult ought not to be borne with any longer, although they are the work of our "best friends," and since a change of ministry has not produced a change either in the policy or the menaces of the English, it is time there were a force in the neighborhood competent to preserve our citizens from plunder and the nation from disgrace.—ib.
We have learned that among the documents sent to congress by Ogden and others, there was a copy of a presentment made by the grand jury of the district court U. States against the judge of that court, Mr. Talmadge : we saw in the federal papers, hints to the effect that such presentment had been made against the judge for unconstitutional and tyrannical conduct towards Messrs. Ogden & Smith, but until now doubted their correctness. As we never were the friends of court tyranny or law tyranny, we hope, if such was practised, that it may be punished—'equal and exact justice to all men, of whatever sect or persuasion, religious or political,' was one of the most honorable sentiments ever uttered.—ib.
The result of the Massachusetts election is at length ascertained to be in favor of federalism. The total number of votes given, in 401 towns, was 70,938; of which Sullivan, the republican candidate, had 34,735; Strong, the federal candidate, 36,203—majority for Strong 1,468.
Extract of a letter from New Orleans, dated 1st April, 1806.
"I have written this in great haste, and have just time to say, we yesterday heard from Natchitoches—The Spaniards have again crossed the Sabine, and have fired our troops, to drive them back.—From Major Porter's orders, he must attempt it, although with a very inferior force."
Capt. Kennedy, who arrived here yesterday from Teneriffe, informs, that there was a British squadron cruising between St. Vincents and Madeira—another squadron between Madeira and Teneriffe—and a third squadron of six sail of the line, six frigates and two brigs, cruising off Palma; and that a French brig of 18 guns had just arrived there in 8 days from Cadiz. On her passage she had an engagement with a British Corvette; and in attempting to board her, the Frenchman lost a lieutenant and 5 men, who, failing in their attempt, were kept on board the corvette.—N. Y. Gaz.
By the ship Monticello , capt. Allen, from Madras and Bengal, we have received Calcutta papers to the 18th December, and the Madras Gazette of the 11th January. In these papers however, we find no news which can interest the American reader. The following paragraph is the only article we think worth publication.
(N. Y. Daily Adv.) The value of captures which have been announced within these ten days last past, amounts to no less a sum than 11 lacks of rupees, of British property, which have fallen into the hands of the enemy almost at our door. The Melville , captured 4 days after leaving her Bengal pilot, is valued at 350,000 The Waldegrave , within 2 days sail of the Roads, 150,000 The Commerce , the same, 250,000 The Phoenix , 250,000
Sicca Rupees 1,100,000 And, we fear, many others, not yet known; for whilst the Bellona , the Napoleon , the Henrietta and Caroline , and perhaps other privateers, are cruising, there is no knowing to what extent they may have carried their depredations; the consequence to the trade, and the general prosperity of this great Mercantile Community, are consequently, justly apprehended to be of a serious nature.
We regret to add, that there were several Englishmen amongst the crew of the Caroline , and many Americans. The gunner and two seamen of the Waldegrave , immediately entered, and gave information of the ships expected from China, which the Caroline intended cruising for.—Calcutta pap.
Letter from M. Clay, esq. to his constituents. FELLOW CITIZEN,
IT is a well known fact, that a schism has taken place among the republicans, and it is a circumstance seriously alarming; it tends to invigorate the declining spirit of federalism, and is a prognostic of their future elevation. Under the decisive and agreeable sound of moderation, a third party, called tertium quid , has arisen: and when they use the term, they mean it as a go-between to both parties,
as a token of admission to both; not because their object is political happiness, but to receive the favor and caresses of both parties. The sound of moderation is happily adapted to win the feelings, and increase the number of its advocates. I trust your vigilance is not to be eluded by such stale pretensions and false principles. In advocating political orthodoxy, let the faithful tongue pronounce the honest feelings of the soul; not in terms of ambiguity, but in unvarnished, full-toned words. Firmness and decision, are certainly considered the best pillars to political faith; and unless we prove this, how is possible for us to commit the safety of our rights and liberties to men, who shrink from a manly support of our cause, and screen themselves under the protean garb of moderation.
I have no doubt, but that the public mind has been considerably agitated, and their curiosity very much excited, to know what has been the result of the frequent private sittings of congress. Early in the present session several confidential messages were received from the President of the United States, with some confidential documents, and some other papers which have been published, relative to our affairs with Spain. These several papers were acted on by the house, in a committee of the whole; the result was, three several resolutions; one for raising a number of troops, which was finally rejected; one for appropriating two millions of dollars, towards purchasing the two Floridas, which passed into a law; and one expressive of an acquiescence in this house, to settle our disputed limits with Spain, by an exchange of territory. Those resolutions were discussed for several days, with great vehemence. The first resolution was rejected, by a considerable majority: the reasons for a rejection, were, because, no apparent cause existed to justify the nation in war. The other two resolutions gave a discretionary power to the executive, either to give money, or an exchange of land, for the two Floridas. As to the proper time for removing the injunction of secrecy, there appeared a difference of opinion; the reasons are obvious: it was not necessary to conceal the proceedings of congress from the people of the United States, but from foreign nations, with whom we had a pending negotiation; and the question was, whether a full disclosure at this time might not prove injurious to our foreign relations; and it is well if it does not: however, two days after the vessel sailed with the dispatches to our ministers in Europe, the injunction of secrecy was removed, in part; that is to say, our proceedings were made public.
A number of private and local acts have been passed in the course of the present session; such as do not immediately concern the people of the district I have the honor to represent. The following list contains such as are deemed of a general public nature, viz.
An act making provision for defraying any extraordinary expenses attending the intercourse between the United States and foreign nations. This act furnishes the executive with two millions of dollars, towards purchasing the two Floridas.
An act to suspend commercial intercourse between the United States and certain parts of the island of St. Domingo, meaning such parts of the island, as are in the possession of the revolted blacks.
An act to provide for persons who were disabled by known wounds received in the revolutionary war. This act places on the pension list, such persons as are not already provided for by the United States, nor any individual state; it also admits of an increase of pension in certain cases.
An act regulating the currency of foreign coins in the United States. This act makes foreign gold and silver coins a tender by weight.
An act authorising a detachment from the militia. This act gives the executive power to call out one hundred thousand militia, if occasion shall require.
An act to prohibit the importation of British goods, wares and merchandise. This act is bottomed upon Mr. Nicholson's resolution, and prohibits, after the 15th Nov. next, certain goods, wares and merchandise, being of the growth, or manufacture of G. Britain, or its dependencies, viz. All articles of which leather, silk, hemp and flax, is the material of chief value; all articles of which tin or brass is the material of chief value, tin in sheets excepted; woollen cloths, whose invoice prices shall exceed five shillings sterling per square yard; woollen hosiery of all kinds; window glass, and all other manufactures of glass; silver and plated ware; paper of every description; nails and spikes; playing cards; beer, ale and porter; pictures and prints. This is done with a view to coerce Great Britain, and it is hoped will reduce her to a spirit of accommodation; it will most sensibly affect her dearest interest, and is the lesser evil of the two, (meaning war as the other) and only alternative.
A bill has passed the house of delegates, and is now before the senate, repealing the duties on salt, and is to take effect from the first day of October next.
The estimated price of exports for one year prior to the 1st day of October, 1805, was ninety-five millions five hundred and sixty-six thousand and twenty dollars; forty-two millions three hundred and eighty-seven thousand and two dollars of which were of American production; the balance were of foreign production. Were exported in the same year, seventy-one thousand two hundred and fifty-two hogsheads of tobacco, estimated at the value of about six millions of dollars. Cotton
exported in the same year was estimated at about seven millions of dollars. The exports of wheat and flour for the same year were much less than several former years, owing to the abundant crops made in Europe the last two years.
The receipts at the treasury for the last year, exceeded any former year; it therefore results that no change is necessary in our fiscal arrangements to increase the revenue.
About eighteen or twenty millions of dollars of the national debt has been paid since the commencement of the present administration, which has reduced it down to about seventy-two millions. From the great increase of revenue, arising from the impost and tonnage, and the rapid sales of the public lands, we have every reason to hope a speedy extinguishment of the whole public debt, which is to me a most desirable object.
Several Indian treaties have been made since the last session of congress, by which large tracts of country have been acquired by the government of the United States.
The Tunisian ambassador at this place, has made an application to the executive for naval stores, to be sent to the bey, his master, in order to secure a peace with that power for three years, accompanied with a threat of war if refused: it has been refused, and the ambassador is about to depart without receding from his threat or demand.
I have heard many complaints against the present executive, none of which, in my opinion, deserve serious notice, (one excepted.) I hold it incompatible to a republican form of government, to heap offices on any one man, or set of men. I speak with confidence when I say it is repugnant to the spirit of a republican government to unite a plurality of offices in the person of a single individual: no person ought to hold more than one office of profit at the same time; it tends to the introduction of an arbitrary government; it has ever been considered as the first and leading feature of monarchy.
Fellow citizen, government is instituted by social compact, for the common good, benefit and protection of all, and not for the interest of a single man, family, or class of men; therefore, the people have an incontestible right to alter, reform or totally change the same, when their safety, protection and happiness require it: the foundation of all free governments is, that the people have a right to participate in the legislature; this is the best security of liberty, and for this purpose elections ought to be free and frequent. Every white freeman having property in a common interest with, and an attachment to, the community, ought to have a right of suffrage. It is not fair that a part of the community should be compelled to pay taxes, to support a government, and bear arms to defend it, when they have no part, nor lot, in the making of the laws; for this cause, therefore, I ever have been, and now am, decidedly in favor of calling a convention, and do most earnestly recommend it to the people, to reconstitute to the next general assembly, to that effect.
Accept the assurance of the high respect of your fellow citizen.
MAT. CLAY. Congress Hall, April 19th, 1806.
Richmond Academy Lottery.
FORTIETH DAY. Prizes of 100 dollars—Nos. 5117 6219. Prizes of 25 dollars—Nos. 7046 5230 3815 4589.
 Blank—Nos. 4897 6132 5607 5342 4778  4085 7006 5835 7498 5830 5779  4625 6723 6034 6143 4191 4992  4902 6182 4633 5157 5289 5050  4396 4739 4813 5090 6963 4346  3374 4984 5939 7386 5450 7328  5417 5622 6874 7291 5912 4044  4814 5512 3804 6315 4806 4207  5681 7019 4330 7311 4798 5505  4647 4653 4503 6942 3749 5292  5084 4869 5066 5671 6643 7664  5547 7332 3846 6965 4493 5529  4776 6896 4604 6183 3764 5320  5714 7632 4749 5127 5823 6002  5879 4171 6959 5964 4390 7329  6311 3871 5271 7243 4487 
There remain only 500 tickets in the wheel,—the first drawn ticket, next Wednesday, is entitled to 1000, dollars. The drawing will commence at the hour of 9 o'clock A. M. The wheel is very rich, and tickets are worth, by the state of the wheel, over 28 dollars, but as there are but very few tickets on hand for sale, and the managers being desirous to make a finish of the business, they will now sell at 23 dollars.
N. B. prizes now in the wheel.  1 prize of 10,000 dolls.  1 do. of 1,000  4 do. of 500 2,000  6 do. of 100 600  7 do. of 50 350  13 do. of 25 325 
Ten Dollars Reward.
DESERTED, on the 23d April last, JOHN JENKINS, a soldier of the guard. His clothing is unknown which he has taken with him. He is about twenty years of age, about five feet high, tolerable stout made, has dark hair and eyes, fair complexion, and when spoken to has a very down look, and speaks very mild, very fond of spirits. It is supposed he is gone up the river as far as Lynchburg, and from thence he probably may have gone to his father's, who lives in Pittsylvania. Any person taking up the said deserter and delivering him to me in this place, or either of the officers of the public guard, shall receive the above reward.
Alexr. Quartier, Captain of the Public Guard. Richmond, 2d May, 1805.
W. WARDLAW
IS receiving a large supply of MEDICINES, SURGEON'S INSTRUMENTS, FAMILY MEDICINE, CHESTS, &c. by the Press from London. Richmond, May 6, 1805.
Just received and for sale, at S. Pleasants' Book Store, The Literary Magazine, For March, 1806.
POST SCRIPT.
NEW-YORK, April 28. Indictment for murder.—The grand jury at the suggestion of a republican member, found a bill on Saturday last against Henry Whinnery, captain of the Leander , for the murder of John Pierce.
Revolt in Spanish America.—Capt. Webb, of the brig Eliza from Maracaibo, informs, that just before he sailed, orders had been received from the Governor of Caracas, to have the militia immediately organized, and the city put in the best state of defence, as a very alarming revolt had taken place in the interior.—Phil. Gaz.
By the Factor, capt. Caldwell, the editors of the New-York Gazette have received London papers to the 9th, and Greenock papers to the 13th ult. They contain but little news, as will be seen by the subsequent extracts.—Parliament had been engaged in a serious discussion on the propriety of appointing Lord Ellenborough, the chief justice to a seat in the cabinet.
Stocks, March 8.—3 per cent. consols 50 to 60, consols for April 18, 60 1-8 to 59 60.
LONDON, March 1.
Last night Paris papers to the 20th ult. were received. The following are the most prominent articles:
Paris, Feb. 8.—The head quarters of prince Joseph are at Ferentino. On the 6th February his advanced guard passed the Garigliano at Cipranio. The army is on the march for Naples; the right commanded by General Regnier, the centre by Marshal Massena, and the left by Gen. Lecchi, commandant of the Italian troops. March 3.
It was very currently reported yesterday, that an overture had been received from the French government, tending to a negotiation between the two countries. There is no truth in the report, which has probably arisen from the circumstance of a communication having been received by the transport board, by way of Morlaix, on Saturday, which, however, is supposed to have related solely to the business of an exchange of prisoners. [It is nevertheless very probable.]
A cabinet council was held yesterday at Mr. Fox's office. It was not followed by the sending off any messenger, which would probably have been the case, had any overtures of the kind reported been received by government.
The Diligence sloop of war has arrived at Deal, with a convoy of 26 sail of transports, having on board general Paget's brigade, and the 6th division of the German legion from the continent.
The admiralty board has ordered the squadron along the French coast from St. Malo to Ostend, to be considerably strengthened.
Saturday government received advice of some movement on the enemy's coast, indicative of an early attack on Guernsey and Jersey, and all the light frigates and sloops at Portsmouth have been ordered to sail immediately for their defence, under the orders of capt. Griffiths, of the Constance , of 24 guns. Orders have likewise been sent to Portsmouth, to equip the Thistle of 28 guns, with all possible dispatch, to receive the flag of the Prince de Bouillon.
According to private letters from Holland all intercourse between that country and Berlin, has been prohibited by the Batavian government.
CHARLESTON, April 26.
General Miranda.—Capt. Edes, arrived yesterday morning from Barbadoes, informs us, that an express boat from Trinidad, brought accounts 2 days before he sailed, that Gen. Miranda had effected a landing at Barcelona, on the Spanish Main.—It was further stated, that he had been joined by two British frigates. This intelligence had excited considerable interest at Barbadoes. Reports fixed Miranda's force from three to five hundred men.
The British outward bound Jamaica fleet, consisting of eighty-four sail, under convoy, had touched at Barbadoes, and sailed again, several days before Capt. Edes left that port. The British admiralty had called in all the armed vessels on that station—his reasons were not known.
NOTICE.
The commissioners in a commission of bankruptcy, against Ephraim M'Quillin, intend to meet on Monday the 24 day of June, at the Bell Tavern, in the city of Richmond, at 11 o'clock in the forenoon, for the purpose of making a dividend of the estate and effects of said Ephraim M'Quillin, (which dividend will be final) When and where the creditors, who have not already proved their debts, are desired to come prepared to prove the same, or they will be excluded the benefit of the said dividend.
John Cunningham, } Assignees. John St. John, } Richmond, May 2, 1806
Eighty Dollars Reward.
STOLEN, on the night of the 4th inst. from the subscribers, living in the county of Loudoun, near Frying Pan, TWO MARES—the one a sea-bay, of a light roan color, 14 hands 6 1/2 in high, nine years old, with a sore name and tail, paces, trots and canters well; the other a sorrel bay, with a star in her forehead, white feet and a white spot on her rump, about 14 hands high, four years old, paces, trots and canters. We will give the above reward for both, to any person, or Forty Dollars for either of them.
John & Wm. Marshall. April 19th, 1806
Negroes for Sale.
FOR SALE, at Turlton Hines' Tavern, in the lower end of Goochland county, on the 9th day of May, for cash,
Twenty Likely Negroes,
Consisting of young men, boys, women and children amongst them two good weavers, an excellent house servant, and a good washer neither of these slaves exceed 25 years of age.
Gideon Hatcher. April 21st, 1806.

WANTED as House-Keeper, in a large family, an elderly Lady, who can come well recommended. Liberal wages will be given. Enquire at the printer. Nov. 6, 1805.
Advertisement.
IN consequence of a resolution of the General Assembly, passed at their late session, I am instructed by the Executive to make enquiry respecting the situation of all Ordnance and Military Stores, belonging to the state (not including those in the service of the United States or of this State) and make report thereof to the Governor.
In obedience to this instruction, and as the most probable means of effecting the object contemplated by the Executive, I have thought proper thus publicly to request of such of the citizens of the commonwealth as may have any knowledge of the situation, number, quality and size or weight of any cannon or other ordnance, and muskets; cannon balls, shells or other military stores, supposed to belong to the state, and not in immediate use, to communicate a particular report thereof to me as soon as convenient.
SAMUEL COLEMAN, Clerk to the Executive.
Richmond, Feb. 7, 1806. (tf)
JUST received from London, and for sale by WM CROZER, in Manchester, a complete and general assortment of Fresh Garden Seeds, All of the last year's growth.
N. B. The above collection of seeds may be had at Mr. Oakley Philpotts' next door above Russell & Wallace's, main street, Richmond. William Crozier.
Richmond, 7th March, 1806. tf
STRAYED or stolen from the commons, some time last week, a likely grey HORSE, in good order, about 7 or 8 years old, nothing remarkable recollected about him. I will give a generous reward to any person that will bring him to me in Richmond. April 9th 1806. J. PENN.
TO BE RENTED, THE TENEMENT where I now reside, and possession given in June. April 9th, 1806. J. PENN.
Robin Red Breast,
A fine bay, fifteen and a half hands high, imported from England in spring 1804—Will stand the ensuing season at my stable, in the Manakin Town, on James river, 17 miles above Richmond, to cover mares at twenty-five dollars the season, for which notes will be expected, dischargeable by the payment of twenty dollars, on or before the first of October, 1806, with one dollar for each mare to the groom. Good and extensive high and low ground pasture gratis, under strong fences—the greatest attention shall be paid to mares left in my care, but will not be liable for accidents or escapes. PEDIGREE.
ROBIN REDBREAST was got by Sir Peter Teazle, his dam Wren, by Woodpecker, his grandam Papillon (Sir Peter's dam) by Snap, his great grandam Miss Cleveland, by Regulus, his great great grandam Midge, by a son of Bay Bolton, Bartlett's Children, Honeywood's Arabian, dam of the two True Blues. [Taken from the general Stud Book.]
PERFORMANCE.
In 1800, (the only year he ran) at Bridgnorth, June 19, 4 mile heats, at four years old, he won the maiden plate, beating Mr Day's Naginet, by Precipitate, and Mr Car's Prosper.
The next day, at the same place, 4 mile heats, he came in first and first, but lost the race for the want of a few ounces in weight the last heat.
At New-Castle, July 3d, he won the member's purse of £50, 4 mile heats, beating Mr Harrison's Trumpator, and distancing Sir T. Mostyn's Heder.
At Nantwich, July 10, he won the town purse of £50, beating Mr Smith's Sultan, and distancing Sir T. Mostyn's Heder.
At Warwick, Sept. 2, he won his majesty's plate of 100 guineas, 4 mile heats, beating Lord Donegal's Pugleman, & distancing Mr Tharm's Marquis.
He won the purse at Lichfield, Sept. 11, 4 mile heats, beating Lord Donegal's b. h. by Pot8's, and distancing Brooke's Baron Nite, Lord Oxford's Victoria and Mr Cox's Cocoon Tree. He was never beaten 4 mile heats except at Bridgnorth, as above stated, where, although it was given against him, it was evident that he was much the best horse.
THOMAS HARRIS.
March 1st, 1806. 1m
THE holders of Prizes in the first Class of the William & Mary Lottery, are informed, that every exertion is making to obtain payment for the tickets sold on credit; which those thus indebted, are again apprized, will become due on the 15th present; and are earnestly entreated, to make immediate remittances to the subscriber.
So soon as funds sufficient to discharge such claims or the major part of them, are on hand, notice will be duly given. In the mean while, those inclined to receive bonds, or notes in payment, may on application have their claims immediately satisfied.
The TICKETS for the 3d CLASS are preparing, and will be shortly ready for delivery by RO. GREENHOW, Agent & Treasurer. April 10, 1806. Aw
Thirty Dollars Reward.
From the subscriber about the 20th of November last, a negro man named TOM, 17 or 18 years old, of a very black complexion, about 5 feet 8 inches high, and very stout made, I deem it unnecessary to describe any of his clothing which he took with him, as it is presumed he has changed them before this time. I am told he is going about Richmond and passes as a free man, and calls his name Billy. Any person delivering the said negro to me, or securing him in any jail so that I get him again, shall receive the above reward. All persons are forewarned from employing or harboring the said slave.
RICHARD CLARKE.
New-Market, Amherst, March 26, 1806. 6w
Foolscap & Letter Paper For sale at this office.
Valuable Property for Sale.
BY virtue of a deed of trust executed to the subscribers by Doctor James Warrall and Rebecca his wife, bearing date the 22d June, 1805, to secure the payment of a purchase made of Mr Wilshire M. Lewis, executor of Francis Lewis, will be SOLD , on the premises, on Friday the 9th of May next, ONE TRACT OF LAND, containing about four hundred and ninety-three acres more or less, together with one Negro Man, Austin, one Negro Woman, Rachel, two Boy Horses, three milch Cows, three Heifers, and one Waggon and Gear, or so much thereof as will be sufficient to raise the sum of £1515 19 6 current money of Virginia, due the said Wilshire M. Lewis, ex'r. of Francis Lewis, dec. together with the expenses attending the execution of said trust—in the following payments as expressed in said deed of trust viz— one moiety thereof for ready money, with the interest on the amount of said purchase £1515 19 6 from the 21st day of February, 1804 to the 21st of February, 1806, except 550 dollars, which has already been paid—and the residue payable in two years from the 21st February last (1806) with interest thereon from the aforesaid 21st February, 1806, payable the said interest annually.—A deed of trust on the property will be required.
At the same time and place will be SOLD , the remainder of the Stock and Plantation Utensils, on said farm, on a credit of six months, for all sums above ten dollars, with bond and approved security. Also, will be HIRED , the time of 3 Likely Negroes, until Christmas next.
John Prosser, William Moncure, } Trustees.
Richmond, April 14, 1806. idf
Marshal's Sale.
TO BE SOLD, for ready money, under a decree of the Court of the United States for the fifth Circuit in the Virginia District, between Princess Bond, attorney for the creditors of Ezekiel Edwards, plaintiff, and David Ross and others, defendants, in order to raise the sum of 11450 dollars 94 cents, due and payable the first day of January last, that valuable and well known estate, in the county of Botetourt, called FORT LEWIS. The sale will be made on the premises, on the 5th day of June next.
BEN. MOSBY, D. M. for JOS. SCOTT, M. V. D.
April 16, 1806. ids
Notice.
WE do hereby forewarn any person or persons from trading or taking an assignment of a Note, executed by us to John C. Jackson of Prince Edward county, for the sum of 48 pounds, dated the 10th January, 1806, and payable the 1st day of October, 1807; as we are entitled to a credit on said note, agreeable to contract pointedly agreed on between the parties.
Josiah & Thos. Perkins.
Amelia county, April 13 1806. 3w
Notice.
THE subscriber wishes to employ five or six good JOURNEYMEN SHOEMAKERS  MONCRIEFFE HILL. Cartersville, 15th April, 1806. 1m
Bottled Porter.
The subscriber has on hand, and intends keeping a constant supply of Philadelphia-Bottled Porter, Of the first quality.—Purchasers may have it put up to be fit for use at any time required. D. J. BURR. Second door above the Eagle Tavern. 18th April, 1806. 6t
FOR SALE, by the SUBSCRIBER,  BURR MILL-STONES, Of different sizes, from 3 feet 10 inches to 6 feet diameter—about one thousand BURR ROCKS, that have just come to hand and are of good quality.—Also, constantly keep a large & good assortment of BOLTING CLOTHS, of the best quality, that I have had purchased at the Manufactories with cash, that I offer for sale for cash or good paper, on as good terms as they are sold in the United States. ISAAC M'PHERSON. Baltimore, March 19, 1806. 96t
Apply to M. & B. MYERS, Richmond, for particulars.
St. Paul,
A beautiful sorrel horse, 15 hands 3 inches high, remarkable for his elegance, beauty, strength and fine bone; will stand the ensuing season, at my plantation on James river, generally known by the name of Maiden's Adventure, about 3 miles above Fine-Green mill, and 4 miles below Michaux's ferry, in Powhatan county, to cover mares at twenty-five dollars the season, which will commence the first of March, and expire the first of August—Extraordinary good and extensive pasturage gratis, but no liability for accidents or escapes. Gentlemen wishing their mares fed, may be furnished with corn at the market price, for which cash must be sent with the mares—as also, notes of hand for the due payment of the money for the season. N. B. Twenty dollars, paid on or before the third Wednesday in November (being Powhatan court day) will be received as full compensation of the above, with half a do. to the groom. This beautiful horse, St. Paul, was raised by the Prince of Wales, and got by his horse Saltram, who was got by Eclipse that covered at 200 guineas the season—his dam Virago by Snap—his grandam by Regulus, out of a sister to Black and all-Black, and was thought to be the best runner of his time—he won several large stakes, among which was the Derby, 1783, beating Dungannon, Volunteer, Phenomenon, Gonzales, and several others—he was the sire of Whiskey, who at 3 years old won 4650 guineas, also of Whip, Royalist, Peeping Tom, General, Coiner, Sylph, Septim, Caroline, Tiffany, Laetitia, St. David, Sprightly, Queen of Sheba, Spankaway, Rose, Sweeper, Olym, Coal Merchant, Pick-pocket, Oscar, Ambrosio, Pretty Patty, and several others of the first rate runners. St. Paul's dam Purity was got by Marchmont, who covered for several of the last years of his life at 50 guineas a mare—her dam the Old Squirt mare, of as great fame perhaps, as a good breeder, as any mare in the kingdom—she was the dam of Virgin, Dido, Conundrum, Ranthos, Enigma, Miss Timms, Pumpkin, Maiden (who was dam of Walnut) Le San, Rasselas, Purity, and several others. Purity was the dam of Rockingham, Archibald, Fitzwilliam, St. Paul and several others—Several certificates of St. Paul as a good and sure foal getter may be seen at his stand. THOMAS HARRIS, Jr. Powhatan c'ty, March 1st, 1806. if
Geo. Watt
HAS removed from the store he formerly occupied to a brick house on the cross street leading from the main street to Shockoe warehouse, where he has on hand and offers to dispose of on moderate terms, by wholesale, The following Articles, viz:
Loaf and Muscovado Sugars, N. England, W. Island, and Antigua Rum, Cogniac, Barcelona and Apple Brandy, Sherry and Malaga Wine, Coffee of a superior quality, Molasses, Ginger and Fig Blue, Young Hyson and Imperial Tea, 400 Sacks Liverpool Salt, Patent Shot, assorted sizes—And the remainder of his Stock of Dry Goods, consisting principally of articles suited to the present and approaching season, which he will either sell on a credit of 3, 6 and 9 months, for notes negotiable at the Bank of Virginia, with approved endorser, or barter for Tobacco, Flour or Hemp.
Cash given for Tobacco. Richmond, 22d M ch, 1805.
FOR SALE,
THAT well known and very valuable farm belonging to the estate of Samuel Couch, dec. lying on James River, near Goochland court house, containing about
900 Acres of LAND,
about half of which is well-timbered wood land; about 200 acres of River Low Grounds and from 50 to 100 acres of valuable Creek Bottom. The cleared land is well enclosed and improved, with convenient dwelling and out houses in good repair, with a commodious Store, a valuable Mill, and a choice collection of about 1,500 bearing fruit trees. The terms of sale may be known on application to Daniel Couch on the premises (who will show the land to any person inclined to purchase) or to Micajah Crew in Hanover. The above tract of land contains improvements and accommodations for two families, and, if more agreeable to the purchasers, they may be divided and sold separately.
MICAJAH CREW, ANN COUCH,
Ex'rs. & Ex'rs. of S. Couch.
A. Hewes & Co.
HAVE for Sale at their Store, next door to Messrs. Sharp & Lucke's, opposite the Market, Richmond, an assortment of Groceries and other Articles, Which they will dispose of at the lowest prices for cash or country produce. Among which are, Jamaica and Antigua Rum, old and very superior Cogniac Brandy, Loaf and Brown Sugar, Coffee, Chocolate; Imperial, Hyson, Hyson Skin, and Young Hyson Tea; Port and Sherry Wine, Honey, Molasses, Figs, Nutmegs, Mace, Cloves, Cinnamon, Allspice, Pepper, Fig Blue, Starch, Soap, Candles, Salt, Tubbs in sets, &c. &c. Richmond, Feb 10th, 1806.
BY THE GOVERNOR OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA,
A PROCLAMATION.
WHEREAS , it is represented to the Executive by the Keeper of the Penitentiary, that two of the prisoners therein confined to wit: JOHN TRAMBLE and ISAAC HARRIS, have made their escape from the Penitentiary; I have, therefore, thought fit, with the advice of the Council of State, to issue this Proclamation, hereby offering a reward of ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS for the apprehension of each, or either of the said prisoners and for their delivery at the Penitentiary; and I do, moreover, enjoin all officers, civil and military, and exhort the good people of the commonwealth to use their best endeavors to apprehend and convey to the Penitentiary the said John Tramble and Isaac Harris. Given under my hand, with the Seal of the (s. s.) commonwealth annexed, at Richmond, this 3d day of February, 1806. (Signed) WM. H. CABELL.
John Tramble was convicted of Horse Stealing before the District Court of Washington, in the spring of 1805, and sentenced to five years and five months confinement. He was born in Maryland; is 5 feet 7 1/2 inches high; 25 years old; fair complexion; light hair; grey eyes; has a niche in his left ear; scars in his forehead, and is a shoemaker by trade. Isaac Harris was convicted of larceny before the District Court of Monongalia in the spring of 1805, and sentenced to two years confinement. He was born in the county of Wood, in this state, is five feet nine inches high, 18 years old, swarthy complexion, dark hair and hazel eyes.
NOTICE.
I DO hereby forewarn any person or persons from trading or taking an assignment of a Bond executed by me to Charles Matthews of the county of Buckingham, for the sum of two hundred pounds, dated 5th February, 1805, and payable the 25th December, 1806, as the same was given in part purchase of a tract of land, which said Matthews was not possessed of. Walter Irvine. New-Canton, 20th Feb 1806. if
BY virtue of a deed of trust executed to us by John Christian, jr. to secure the payment of a debt therein mentioned due to the late firm of Dunlop, Pollock & Co. will be sold, to the highest bidder, for ready money, at Prince Edward courthouse, on Monday the 19th day of May next, (being court day) A TRACT OF LAND, containing 150 acres more or less, lying on the waters of Big Rough creek, in the said county of Prince Edward, being the land bought by said Christian, from Abner Coffee, per deed bearing date the 28th day of May, 1803. The land may be viewed previous to the day of sale, by applying to the said John Christian, jr. Samuel W. Venable, } Trustees. Peter Johnston, } Prince Edward, 17th March, 1806. ids
JAMES WALKER & Co.
RESPECTFULLY inform their friends and the public in general that they have just received from Baltimore and Philadelphia a complete assortment of GOODS
Suitable to the approaching Spring season, which they are now opening in the House formerly occupied by Clifton Garland, esq. in the town of Warren, where they will sell very low for Cash, country Produce, or on a short Credit to punctilious customers.
They will also receive flour, &c. on storage, and will pay great attention in having the same forwarded to Richmond, as the owners may direct. 6w Warren, Feb. 20th, 1806.
Just Received and for Sale at this Office,  THE ELEMENTS OF CHESS; A TREATISE COMPRISING THE WHOLE OF PHILIDORE'S GAMES, And EXPLANATORY NOTES, new modelled; And arrange upon a new plan.
Notice.
THE Copartnership heretofore existing between the subscribers in the Tanning Business in Cartersville, carried on under the firm of WILLIAM HAMLY & Co. was dissolved on the first instant. All persons having claims against said concern, may receive immediate payment by applying to John & Edward Cunningham—and all persons indebted thereto will please call on them and discharge their respective debts, they alone being authorised to settle the business of said concern, and to dispose of the stock of leather remaining on hand, which will be sold on moderate terms for prompt payment only. WILLIAM HAMLY JOHN & ED. CUNNINGHAM. Cartersville, April 15, 1806. 8t
A CATALOGUE OF VALUABLE COLLECTION OF BOOKS,
FOR SALE, AT THE PRINTING OFFICE AND BOOK STORE OF S. PLEASANTS.
Among them are some of the newest & most interesting English publications, in elegant binding.
Hooper's Recreations, 4 vols. Bigland's Letters Schomburgk's Naval Chronology, 6 vols. Bisset's Geo 3, 2 vols. Sale's Koran, 2 vols Paris as it is and as it was, 2 vols. Wilkinson on Galvanism, 3 vols. Phillimore on Chess Jones's life of Horne Chatterton's works, 3 vols. Bates's Rural Philosophy Burke's works 8 vols. Dibdin's life, 4 vols. Pindar's works, 5 vols. Naval Chronicle, 11 v Brainer's Cur. nicle, 4. Southey's Tales Home, a new novel, in 5 vols. Public Characters, 6 v Rural Recreations, 2 v Trotter on Drunkenness Sugar on Women, 3 v Bruce's Geography Keith on the Globes Swiss Emigrants Sentimental Journey Natural History Dictionary of Polite Literature Pilkington's memoirs Gentle Shepherd Shenstone's Poems Thomson's Seasons Gray's Poems Falconer's Shipwreck Goldsmith's Poems Baker's Livy, 6 vols Betham's Biographical Dictionary Hutchinson's Biogra. phy, 2 vols. Elegant Pocket-Bib es Universa. History Paul and Virginia, 2 v Johnson's Works, 12 v Locke's Works, 10 v Beatson's memoirs, 6 v Boilingbroke on History Minstrelsy, 3 vols. Swediaur Petrarch's view of life Asiatic researches, 7 v. Habburas, 2 vols. Melmoth's Pliny, a v. Melmoth's Cicero, 3 v. Smith's Wealth of Nations, 3 vols. Churchill's works, 2 v. Cyrenedia Gillyes's Frederick Paris delineated Ferguson's art of Drawing. Rumford's essays, 3 v. Wilson's Egypt, 3 vols. Gillyes's Greece, 4 vols. Kaimie's Elements, a v Zimmerman on Solitude, 2 vols. Bell on Wounds Young's Night Tho'ls. History of England, 3 v Chaplet Sorrows of Werter Pleasures of Imagina. Cowper's Poems, 2 v. Thespian Dictionary Esop's Fables Death of Abel Hooke's Tasso, 2 vols. Mawes's Gardener Swift's Works, 24 v Turkish Spy, 8 vols. Cox's Travels 5 vols. Homer burlesqued, 2 v Farmer's Boy Ovid's Art of Love Also, just received and for sale as above, Ferguson's Astronomy Scott's Gazetteer, 4 v. Young's Lat. Dict'nry Lady's Museum, eleg't bind'g with plates 14 v Do. 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 & 14, to complete sets Ferguson's Lectures Guthrie's Grammar, edition of 1805 Clarke's Homer Greek Lexicons Lucian's Dialogues Greek Testaments Grammars Perrin's Exercises Elye's Anatomy T. Paine's works, 2 v. Adams's defence of the American Constitutions, 3 vols. Kotzebue's Plays Bombardier Chase's Trial Gordon's Civil War in Ireland Ralfford's Cookery Bordy's Husbandry Laws of Kentucky Anacharsi's Travels Antenor's Travels
VIRGINIA:
In the Superior Court of Chancery holden in Richmond.
Between John Garthright, And John Miller, plaintiff, defendant. ON the motion of the plaintiff, the court on the sixteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord, one thousand eight hundred, and five, refered the accounts in this suit to one of its commissioners, to be by him examined, stated, settled, and to the court reported, unto any special matter thought pertinent by himself or required by the parties to be specially stated. A Copy—Teste, P. TINSLAY, C. C. Commissioner's Office, Richmond, Ma ch 20th, 1806.
THE parties are hereby notified that I have appointed the fourteenth day of July next to carry into effect the annexed order of court, on which day they are desired to attend at my office in this city with their accounts and vouchers ready for examination and settlement. SAMUEL GREENHOW, M. C.
SPORTS OF THE TURF.
THE RACES will commence as usual at William Price's race field, in Charlotte county, on Thursday the 15th day of May next, and continue three days—First day, one mile heats, entrance thirty dollars—Second day, two mile heats, fifty dollars entrance, half forfeit—And the third day will be run for an elegant Saddle, Bridle, Whip, Martingale and Collar, for any horse two miles out, weights agreeable to New market; filies allowed 5lb—Any gentleman wishing to enter a horse, may do so by applying to the subscriber living on the place, or to William Price. The races will certainly commence on the above days, as several horses are already entered. In order to render no further disputes, the ground is to represent one mile. SHORT JONES. 6th April, 1806. w4t
Advertisement.
HAVING rented a Tenement near the Bank, formerly occupied by Mr. John P. Shields, I have thought proper to open an Entertaining, Boarding & Coffee House,
Where any number of gentlemen (not exceeding twenty) may be accommodated. A good stable, forage, and every attention paid to render satisfaction to a generous customer, by STEPHEN W. GRAY. Richmond, April 13, 1806. wtf
HENING'S
New Virginia Justice, Containing the Duties of a Justice of Peace, &c together with a variety of useful precedents, adapted to the laws now in force. Also, forms of conveyancing, such as deeds of bargain and sale, easement, lease, mortgage, trust, &c. ARE FOR SALE AT S. PLEASANTS' BOOK-STORE
The celebrated high blooded English Horse,
OSCAR,
Full sixtee hands high, imported by me in 1804 after having been the year before, and finished myself as to his reputation, is now in fine health, full of vigor and muscular strength, and will be let to mares, the ensuing season, at my Stables in Charles City county, Sandy Point, at Six Guineas the season, which may be discharged by the payment of Five Guineas, on or before the tenth day of August next; Three Guineas the leap, and Ten to insure a foal; a Dollar to the groom—Pasture as extensive as any in the state and inferior to none for fine natural grass, especially the white clover, which abounds to a wonderful degree in the months of April, May and June, as also after harvest, that succession of crab and other grass, which so plentifully takes place here, will be afforded, with entertainment for horses, free from charge. No liability for injury or accidents which may not be the result of wanton neglect or abuse as I here give my word to the public, that no pains nor affinity shall be wanting on my part, to render satisfaction without respect to person, to every gentleman who thinks fit to send mares for the season—This very extraordinary Stallion got when landed in this state, greatly upwards of one thousand pounds, and without meaning to detract from the merits of any other. I can fairly venture to say, is the most perfect horse in Virginia; for the most critical observer has not yet been able to discover a single defect or blemish in him, either as to activity, strength, or beauty. Nothing can excel him in the neck, ear and eye: So bold, gay, and full of fire is he, that he fascinates in spite of prejudice, every beholder, that instant he is brought into view.
I would endeavor to give a full description of him, for the satisfaction of those gentlemen who cannot conveniently visit me, but in the attempt I might do him injustice, and therefore, I invite the most scrupulous examination of him even by those who think themselves competent judges in this respect, and I do not fear the result. In short, it will not be deemed extravagant to say, he is, of his kind, the best effort of nature.
OSCAR is a dark brown, was got by Saltram, the best horse in his day, (who was the sire of Whiskey, and many good racers)—his dam by Highflyer, grandam by Herod, great grandam (Miss Middleton) by Regulus, great great grandam (Camilla) by a son of Bay Bolton. Bartlett's Children, Honeywood's Arabian, dam of the two True Blues.
In 1793, at New Market, at 3 years old he won a Handicap Sweepstakes of 15 guineas each, two years old course, beating Lord Clermont's b c by Dramator, Mr Howarth's b c Moule, Mr Adams's b f Cyprys, Mr Watson's f Duplicita; two to one on Oscar.
At Lambourn he was 2d best, 4 mile heats, against Heart of Oak and others, running 3 heats.
In 1799 he won the Oatlands Stakes of 50 guineas, half forfeit (20 subscribers) beating Lord Grosvenor's ch f Lady Bull, Mr Heathcote's b c Warner, Sir F Standish's b c Stamford, Mr Danvers's Play or Pay, Mr Cookson's b h Ambrolio, Lord Clermont's b h Aimator, Lord G. Cavendish's b h Jupiter. The judges could only place the first five.
In 1800, at New Market, April 14th, he won the Craven Stakes, of 10 guineas each, against the Flat, at 4 years old, carrying 8 st 9 lbs free for all ages, beating the duke of Grafton's b c First Fruit, Lord Clermont's b c by Meteor, Mr Cookson's b h D.mond, Mr Coventry's b c Voltaire, Mr O'Kelley's Grey Pilot, Mr Durand's Ramfchundora, (late Princess) Mr Dashwood's Play or Pay & Sir F Standish's b c by Sir Peter, out of Storge. The judge could only place the first five. Even betting Oscar against the field.
In the same month and place, he won a subscription, on plate of 50l, beating Mr R. Heathcote's ch f Georgiana, Mr Hallet's ch f, Mr O'Kelley's Antim, Lord Clermont's ch f Vesper, Mr Golding's b c by Balloon, Mr Travis's Ballarina, Mr Ferrin's Pizarro, and Lord Grosvenor's ch c by Buzzard. The judge could only place the first three, 7 to 4 on Oscar.
He was second best for the King's plate of 100 guineas for 4 years old, carrying 11 st, running against Sir F Pool's Worthy, by Pot8's, and Sir F Standish's b h Stamford, 5 years old.
In Oct. New Market, he received forfeit of his Heathcote's Warner, for 500 guineas, against the Flat half forfeit. For these remarkable instances of speed and bottom, in so young a horse, I refer the reader to the Racing Calendars for 1793, '99 and '00. WILLIAM LIGHTFOOT. Sandy Point, Feb. 1806. wtf
N. B. The season will commence immediately
LAND FOR SALE.
THE subscriber is authorised to dispose of between two and three thousand acres of LAND, situate in the county of Prince George, and known by the name of Old Town, on the following terms, to wit:—One fifth of the purchase money to be