Virginia Argus (Richmond, Va.), 1800-11-18 00:00:00

The VIRGINIA ARGUS.
No. 68 of Vol. VIII.]
A FREE PRESS MAINTAINS THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE PEOPLE.
Price No. 75.
RICHMOND:—PRINTED (ON TUESDAYS AND FRIDAYS) BY SAMUEL PLEASANTS, JUNIOR.
FOUR DOLLARS PER ANNUM—PAID IN ADVANCE]
TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 18th, 1800.
[12 1/2 CENTS SINGLE.]
Sales at Auction.
WILL BE SOLD,
At the subscribers' Vendue-Office, on WEDNESDAY the 19th instant, 75 Pieces IRISH LINEN, assorted. 47 Pieces Bro. ditto.
Without reserve, being to close a Consignment.
—A1.80—
A large assortment of
WOOLLENS,
etc. etc. etc. VANDEWALL & MOSBY.
Richmond, 13th Nov. 1800 2
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Patent Medicines:
Church's Cough Drops,
A medicine unequalled by any in the world for the Cure of Coughs, Colds, Asthmas and Consumptions.
Chemical Essence and Extract of Mustard,
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Anodyne Essence,
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Volatile Tincture,
For the Tooth Ache.
The Botanical Tea.
Infallible German Corn Plaster,
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Scotch Ointment
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Dr. Church's Antibilious Pills,
For the Cure of Malignant and Bilious Fe- vers, Dyspepsy, Jaundice, Costiveness, Acidity, Cholera Morbus, Gravel, Indi- gestion, Loss of Appetite, and all disor- ders of the Head, Stomach, and Bowels.
Eye Salve,
For all disorders of the Eyes.
Antiscorbutic Tincture,
For the Teeth, Breath, and Scurvy in the Gums.
Essence of Scurvy-Grass,
For preventing and curing the Sea and Land Scurvy.
Vermifuge Lozenges,
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Antispasmodic Elixir,
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Cordial Restorative Balsam,
For Nervous Disorders, Debility, Inward Weakness, &c.
Vegetable Lotion,
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Blank Writs, Executions Subpenas &c.
For sale at this Printing-Office.
CONTINUATION OF Latest Foreign Intelligence.
[By the America from London.]
LONDON, October 6.
ENGLAND AND RUSSIA.
The embargo for some time laid on the British ships at Riga by the Court of Pe- tersburgh, with the conduct of Russia on se- veral other occasions, manifests the propri- ety of our continued observations for some years past, of the impolicy of suffering that infant Hercules, whose friendship, frigid as its own Siberia, is fickle as the wind, and whose policy is universal domination, and to extend to every other country the despo- tism by which itself has been and continues to be degraded. As, however, our object has always been to warn or to admonish, and not to censure, so it is now, not to stimulate to public reproach, but by calling the atten- tion of those who control the heads of par- ticular departments to a few out of many facts, to enforce the necessity of altering the system under which we have been governed.
During the late eventful war, so fatal to the interest, and so creditable to the arms of Britain, the merit of numerous gentlemen occasioned them to be promoted by the Ad- mirals or Captains under whom they served, from the post of midshipmen to that of lieu- tenants, in which latter they continued dur- ing the years they remained abroad, adding to their professional knowledge, and to the strength and glory of their country; non- withstanding which, not being confirmed lieutenants, and the criminal parsimony of the board, which presided over them, refus- ing to make provision for the nursery of our marine, the source of all our triumphs, our midshipmen, the acting lieutenants, now re- turned into the body of the other class, were when they ceased to be wanted, set, with the rest, adrift, without a chance of employ- ment from their country in the only avoca- tion to which they are now competent, and too old to seek another.
Thus, with the poignant sense of national ingratiate and injustice ranking in their bosoms, forced to emigrate for food, many of them entered into the service of the nor- thern nations, particularly Russia, whose arms were opened to receive them; the Rus- sian Minister at the Court of London, with the approval of the British Cabinet, sending away ship-loads of them at a time.
To this circumstance may be attributed the rapid improvement in the Navy of Rus- sia. The emperor, however, was desirous to obtain practice for that navy, without paying for it, and the consistency of the ministers of Britain, who had starved the men that kept them in their places, or rather that kept places for them to occupy, grati- fied his utmost wish, by hiring from him, and repairing 12 crazy ships of the line, be- sides frigates, at a rate that afforded the means to support more than double that number. Nor were our rulers content with continuing for years to pay for this fleet, which they never wanted, which to this hour has not rendered us six-pence worth of real service, and which by its conduct in leav- ing our two flags unsupported at the entrance of the Texel, during the mutiny, gave evi- dent proof that they never would. Instead of progressively increasing our own Marine, we not only instructed the crews of these vessels, but received several Russians as Vo- lunteers on board our ships, in order to more thoroughly possess that nation of our inva- luable talents.
The consequence has been, as we uniform- ly predicted, that when increased strength of the open enemies of Britain gave to this nation, whose pretended friendship had been so dearly paid for, the means to be of use, it not only deserted us, but, as a prelude to what we ought to look to, converted to our annoyance the very force which we, in an ill hour, rendered efficient and powerful.
PRELIMINARY CONVENTION Between the Courts of Copenhagen and London.
Their Danish and Britannic Majesties, animated with an equal desire of preventing, by a preliminary and amicable agreement, the consequences that might arise from the misunderstanding which has taken place be- tween them, in consequence of the rencontre between the Danish frigate the Freya, and some English ships of war, as well as of re- establishing to their full extent the relations of friendship and confidence, by which they have, for a long time, been united, have for this purpose named and constituted for their plenipotentiaries, on the part of his Danish Majesty, the Count de Bernstorff, his Cham- berlain, and Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs; and on the part of his Britannic Majesty, Lord Whitworth, Knight of the Most Noble Order of the Bath; who, after communicating to each other their full and respective powers, have agreed to the fol- lowing articles:—
Article I. The question of right respecting the visiting neut- ral vessels without convoy, shall be postponed to a future discussion—II. The Danish fri- gate the Freya, and the vessels found under her convoy, shall be immediately released, and the said Freya shall be supplied in the ports of his Britannic Majesty with every thing of which she may be in want for her repairs, according to the customary usage of allied and friendly powers—III. In order to prevent the renewal of differences of the same nature, by similar rencontres, his Danish Majesty will suspend his convoys until a de- finitive convention shall have been effected by further explanations on the same subject— IV. Were it however to happen that re- contre of the same kind should take place before the instructions to prevent them shall have had their effect, they shall not be pro- ductive of any serious consequences; and the arrangement of whatever may result from them shall be considered as comprehended in the substance of the present Convention— V. This convention shall be ratified in three weeks from the present date, or earlier if possible. In faith of which, we, the under- signed Plenipotentiaries of their Danish and Britannic Majesties, have signed in their names, and by virtue of our full powers, the present convention, and have affixed to it the seal of our arms.
"Done at Copenhagen, August 29 h. 1800.
"C. Bernstorff. "Whitworth."
Population of Great Britain.
On this interesting subject much ignorance has hitherto prevailed. The useful and pa- triotic researches of the Agricultural Society have however made much progress in ascer- taining the fact, and have already estab- lished the gratifying position, that the po- pulation of the country exceeds at least two millions any estimate heretofore.
The following table is in some instances formed from actual enumeration, and in o- thers from estimates of births, of houses, &c. and includes cities, towns, &c.
   Counties Inhabitants Area cultivated Proportion to inhabitants     Berks 115,000 4,643,903 3 5th Acres 40.5   Derby 185,000 710,640 5 3 10th do. 40.5   Durham 85,000 610,000 8th do. 40.5   Stafford 250,000 780,000 3 4 10th do. 40.5   Hertford 90,000 384,400 8 7 10th do. 40.5   Leicestershire 42,000 1129,000 2 0 10th do. 40.5   Kent 200,000 893,000 4 1/2 do. 40.5   Norfolk 220,000 1,094,400 5 do. 40.5   Essex 220,000 1,440,000 4 do. 40.5   Cambridge 33,000 443,300 5 3 10th do. 40.5   Rutland 20,000 105,000 5 9 10th do. 40.5   Huntingdon 50,000 240,000 5 do. 40.5   Northampton 167,000 783,400 3 1/2 do. 40.5   Hams 200,000 1,412,000 6 do. 40.5   West York 400,000 1,568,000 4 do. 40.5   Devon 400,000 1,000,000 4 do. 40.5   Somerset 250,000 1,000,000 3 do. 40.5   Dorset 89,000 775,000 8 7 10th do. 40.5   5,674,600 45,991,100 4 3 1/2 do.   Middlesex 618,000 279,000 one Acre to 3 6 10th inhabitants.  
The cultivated land in England exceeds thirty nine millions of acres, which at the foregoing rate of 4 3 1/2 acres to each per- son, makes the total number of inhabitants 8,960,141, to which adding 643,833, the excess of Middlesex, beyond the above pro- portion, gives a population of 9,603,974, exclusive of sailors, soldiers, and the inhab- itants of the British Islands.
On an average of twenty-nine years, there is within the bills of mortality, an annual de- crease of interments to the number of 3130; the averaged number of births is 18,704; of burials 19,826, but it is computed that there are more than a thousand births a year where the children are either not christened or not registered.
PLAGUE AT CADIZ.
We lament to learn, by authentic letters from Cadiz, of the 5th ult. the latest that is in town, that the epidemic disorder which prevails there, carried off three thousand six hundred persons between the 18th of Au- gust and 5th of September, on which day two hundred and seven persons died. The disorder generally carries off those whom it attacks on the third or fourth day. The first symptoms are a pain in the limbs and bones, and violent vomiting. About 30. 000 inhabitants have fled the city, and about 40,000 remain in it. No person is now suf- fered to leave Cadiz, and a cordon of troops is drawn along the Peninsula, to prevent any intercourse with the country. The French papers, without giving a name to this hor- rible malady, deny that it is either the yel- low fever or the plague.
The following extracts of official letters to Government, from his Majesty's Consul, Mr. Matra, and from Governor O'Hara, at Gibraltar, furnish very important informa- tion on this subject:—There is but too much reason to apprehend that the pestilential dis- temper, which has shown itself at Cadiz, is not the Yellow Fever, but the Plague, im- ported from the Coast of Barbary.
From Mr. Consul Matra to Lord Grenville.
Gibraltar, July 29, 1800.
The last accounts which I have been able to obtain in Tangier to be between 20 and 30, and in Tetuan from 100 to 140: upwards of 3000 Moors had then died in Tangier, which is a greater number than I estimated the population at. The villages seem full as badly off as the town, but it appears that the disease did not extend further south than Azilla. I had a few lines from my vice-consul in Mogador of the 2d of June, which, as it accompanied several bills of exchange drawn on me on account of the wrecked seamen, was passed through Spain; at the time of his writing, the plague had ceased in the town for 43 days, but he fears not a word of Morocco or the interior country.
From Governor O'Hara to the Duke of Portland.
Gibraltar, August 10.
My Lord—In consequence of an informa- tion that some smugglers from this place, who were to land tobacco in Spain, being pursued by the Spanish armed boats, had dismembered in Barbary, where the plagu- ill raged, and on return, denying their com- munication with that country, were admitted to pratique, and had put into the garrison: I had them seized and put into a Lazaretto, under rigorous quarantine, also the inhabi- tants with whom they had communication, to the number of 79—likewise by the ad- vice of the faculty, I burned the boat in which they came over, and the tenement they lodged in. Happily no infection appears upon those atrocious villains, who, after landing in Barbary, put some Spanish song- sters on shore at Sanl Puri, near Cadiz, which might have disseminated the plague both in the garrison and in Spain. The ex- traordinary expenditure incurred on this oc- casion, by feeding the people in quarantine, with health guards to watch them, will be inferred in my contingent account; and this number referred to as the authority for pay- ing that article when it comes under the au- dior's inspection. We are subject to many evils by smuggling foreign tobacco from the bay, which is encouraged by many of the trading inhabitants. I have the honor to be, &c.
(Signed) CHAS. O'HARA.
RIOTS IN LONDON!
LONDON, Sept. 16.
We view with pain the present state of the public mind in and near the Metropolis.
It now appears that the hopes we express- ed yesterday of a speedy and effectual termi- nation to the disturbance manifested by large bodies of the people in the neighbourhood of Mark lane, and in a less alarming degree around some of the public markets, were not to be realized so soon as to its being as well disposed minds must be willed. The busi- ness on the Corn Exchange, which was at first only slightly interrupted, was, towards the close of the afternoon, wholly suspended; so entirely did the populace occupy the ave- nues leading to Mark lane. Some info- riots of riot were committed by the more vi- olent of the crowd, whose indignation ap- peared for some time to be chiefly excited against a Quaker, who was supposed to be a great dealer in corn, and concealing whom some irritating reports had reached the peo- ple—This gentleman was treated with much severely, and discovering that attempts were about to be made, which if they succeeded must endanger his personal safety, he hasten- ed to a private house, near the market for protection. The bulk of the multitude followed. The house was in a few minutes nearly surrounded; and dispositions for at- tack were made by the populace. This happened about three o'clock.
The Lord Mayor displayed great activity throughout. He visited Mark lane twice in the course of the day, first more in the style of a private gentleman than as exercis- ing the functions of Magistracy, thus choos- ing rather to resort, in the first instance, to measures purely conciliatory, than to exert the force and authority of the civil power. Having assembled at an early hour in the morning, the crowd was, of course, very great at the time when his lordship first en- tered Mark lane.
As was observed by us yesterday, the Chief Magistrate expostulated with the peo- ple on the destructive consequences to the country in general, from riot and disorder. He assured them, that the causes of com- plaint and uneasiness would be fully investi- gated; that the evil would be corrected as much as possible; and that whilst private pro- perty would be protected against all violence, no severity would be employed against them, if they would retire peaceably to their homes —Unfortunately this admonitory address was not received with the cordiality it was so well adapted to create in other circum- stances.
In the course of his speech in his Lordship's was indeed interrupted by the hisses of some disaffected persons, while others were ob- served to make use of loud and offensive matter. Several gentlemen were vi- lently tossed about by those of the populace, who occupied the pass to the corn market, and it is even said that one or two most re- spectable individuals were dragged into the kennel. Mr. Plover, son to the alderman of that name, is said to have been among the gentlemen who were compelled to take shelter in the adjacent houses. He could only effect his escape by passing through the back part of the premises of Mr. Bolland, a corn factor.
The agitation of the crowd becoming more and more marked for a tendency to general turbulence, a message was again dis- patched to the Lord Mayor, acquainting him that every thing bore the appearance of ac- tual riot. His Lordship accordingly pro- ceeded a second time to the scene of commo- tion, accompanied by Sir William Leighton, Alderman Elbert, Mr. Sheriff Flower, and the city officers. The approach to Mark lane was so blocked up that his Lordship and the other gentlemen found it necessary to enter by Mincing Lane, through the house of a wine merchant. He presented himself to the people at the windows, and having obtained attention, by waving his handkerchief, he addressed them nearly as follows:—
"Friends & Fellow Citizens,
"It is with much sincere sorrow I see you assembled at this time and on this occa- sion. You are instigated, I believe, by del- perate and wicked men, who wish to over- turn all order in society. Should you re- turn quietly to your homes, I promise, that no exertion on my part shall be wanting to redress the grievances of which you com- plain; and it is with much pleasure I now inform you, that, had you not prevented the meeting this day at the Corn Exchange, your wives would have been gratified by a considerable diminution in the prices of grain. A redress of grievances is not to be obtained by tumult and confusion. I am an enemy to oppression, and shall endeavor by every means in my power, to alleviate your suffer- ings. I therefore beg and most earnestly entreat you to retire. I and the gentlemen with whom I have the honor to act in my magisterial capacity, are attached to discharge our duty with the strictest fidelity; and, should you not listen to my request, I shall for ever lament the extremity of danger to your selves, and of inconceivable pain to me."
This address seemed not to pacify the mis- guided crowd. Only a few appeared at all to approve it, whilst the majority renewed the tumult by their groans and huffs. A general cry of "Bread! Bread!"—"A Quarter Loaf for Eighteen-pence!" and "Down with the Monopolists!" now pre- vailed throughout the crowd. His Lordship immediately proceeded to read the Riot Act. And, bones, and all sorts of matter within the reach of the populace, were now dealt about with such violence to the magistrates, the marshal, and the constables were greatly annoyed. Some of the constables were dar- ingly attacked; but four of the most active assistants being apprehended and conveyed to the Poultry, order was, in some degree restored. A rescue was attempted without success.
About six o'clock the Lord Mayor re- turned to the mansion house, leaving the marshal and constables to preserve the peace. The following hand-bill was immediate- ly issued, and circulated through the city:—
COMBE, Mayor.
Whereas on Saturday last there was stuck up on the west side of the monument, two INFLAMMATORY WRITINGS, one of which was written in large Roman char- acters, and might have been legible at a considerable distance, and the other was written in a plain running hand, with the words
"Corn-Market on Monday," in large Roman characters at the bottom of it. Whoever will give such information at the Lord Mayor's Justice-Room as may lead to the discovery of the malicious person or persons who wrote the said papers, or caused them to be stuck up, shall receive a reward of One Hundred Pounds upon conviction of any one of them.
By order of his Lordship,
W. L. Newman, clk.
We here add the inflammatory paper all- uded to by his lordship—
Bread will be
Six Pence the Quarter, If the people will assemble at the Corn Market on Monday.
Fellow countrymen,
How long will ye quietly and cowardly suffer yourselves to be thus imposed upon & half starved by a set of mercenary flun- key government hirelings? Can you not better them to proceed in their extensive monopoly.

Had been the supreme authority of the state, the attorney general obeyed and Mr. Hamilton had not even the trouble of attending before the Court as a witness, or to interfere in any other manner than by issuing the Supreme command. Mr. Cooper may with equal propriety, have issued a similar mandate to the District Attorney at New York but we fear, not with the same success.  No doubt the great interest which the culprit has with certain persons, will under the prosecution of Mr. Hamilton, rather be an uphill work, it is undertaken by whom it may. Some of the printer's devils might perhaps be offered as a pro-pitiatory sacrifice they are the ignobile vulgus , & even they might cry out that justice is dealt out equally to all. But that is not the object, Hamilton must be prosecuted, convicted and punished, or else the world will be convinced that the federal law was merely intended to protect the president of a party and that it has no force to protect the president of the United States . It is known that several of the prosecutions under the federal law, have been ordered by the executive authority, the president may therefore order Alexander Hamilton to be prosecuted. The district attorney is bound to prosecute him in office . If they do not do their duty respect-fully, the world will draw their own inferences.  At the same time the republicans must not wait for the tardy interference of authority. Any in-dependent man may commence a prosecution and carry it on with effect—the temple of justice is, or ought to be open to every one. Those who do, or it is to enforce the laws will not dare to refuse the exercise of their ministry. We hope that Mr. Cooper has taken the necessary measures to bring about the necessary work, if the absence of Mr. Hamilton from New York, or the short stay which he made there have prevented him from doing it, it may be done by others. The party are by this time sufficiently in the secret of their federal law; but they must smaller the cap which they have administered to others. They must smaller it to the very drags . It will cure them, we hope, for ever, of the itch of making such deleterious compositions, and so ill suited to the American palate. Let the law be what it will, it must be equal, or we are not free.  Thanks are due to the respectable and much respected Thomas Cooper, for the noble and spirited remarks which he has displayed on this occasion.
In our paper of the 21st October, we gave a general statement, "That Pickering recalled Mr. Pinedal, our Consul, at Madeira upon his own authority."  Upon a farther investigation it appears that the facts are much worse than we then stated. Mr. Pinedal had in several instances officially registered the importation of our teamen by British vessels at Madeira , and by his undated discharge of his duty , to his country, highly offended the British naval officers on that station. It is pretty accurately ascertained, that intemperate measures were made to the ex-fereders , by a certain noted diplomatic character, that the removal of Mr. Pinedal would be a desirable event to his Court , and more especially to Lord St. Vincent, who, it seems was highly offended that a Yankee should dare to offend the execution of his orders .  Our ex secretary on his own authority, and with the most culpable confidence gave Mr. Lison a guarantee that Mr. Pinedal should be recalled! This fraternal transaction, giving to the knowledge of Mr. P., and perceiving that he was likely to be sacrificed at the shrine of British influence, he lost no time in returning home, and confronting his calumniators. Mr. Pickering having gone too far in his unauthor-ized promise to Mr. Lison, did not wish to recede!—a representation of the transaction was there-fore made to the President, who it is said, was sur-prised at Mr. Pickering's conduct—and who con-irmed Mr. Pinedal in his appointment, to the great mortification of the quondam secretary , and his friend Mr. Lison—These facts do great honor to Mr. Adams, and are always ready to do jus-tice where it is due.
No doubt the appointment of a Statesman as Consul at Madeira, would have been a very agreeable thing to Mr. Lison, and in which per-haps an ex secretary would have been very happy to oblige him!!  November 8.  Mr. Uriah Tracy of extermin-ating memory arrived here last week from the lake.—We have re-ceived a particular detail of the peregrination and embarkation of this great man, to and from Presq-ile, and Niagara. It appears that after an express had been sent from Pittsburgh to Erie to announce the coming of this Mr. Tracy, another was sent from thence to Fort Erie, to order the United States brig Adams , built it is said by the celebrated Matthew Earnest, ex contractor, and which cost the government seventy thousand dol-lars, immediately to sail for Presq-ile and remain there until the ar-rival of Mr. Tracy. The Adams did arrive and lay there four weeks for the gentleman, at about 550 dol-lars expense per month, indepen-dent of Mr. Tracy's wages of seven dollars per day together with the additional expense of keeping the public horses which carried him to the lake. On the 20th he failed for fort Erie, landed on the British side and proceeded down to fort Niagara, spent two or three weeks there charmingly, then failed in the brig up the lake pleasuring, and finally landed again on the 20th October. And this is the manner in which the western ports are ex-aminated! Mr. Tracy brought with him from Niagara, an old Indian canoe, which it is said employs a public horse to bring it to this place.
It is a fact worthy of observation, that every officer and part of the sailors on board of the brig Adams are British subjects, and two of the officers at this moment draw half pay in the British service—And yet Mr. Addison has the impudence to
tell us that there is not a British faction in this country. Mr. Tra-cy after his fatiguing journey, at present appears very well, and liv-ing quite happily on his seven dol-lars per day.
Pittsburg Tree of Lib.  Head-Quarters, Leogane, 30 Fucidor, 8 year.  Toussaint L'Overture, major general of the army of St. Domingo, to Alexander Murray, esquire, commander of the sta-tion at St. Domingo.  I have received, worthy commander, your favor of the 28th of August ult. and am impressed with a grateful sense of the marks of kindness and civility you have been pleased to show me. It gives me pleasure to be informed of your laudable intentions of preserving a good understanding be-tween the respective officers of this Island and the United States; it being the means of rendering both countries happy.  I cherished the hope that in the number of prisoners taken by the Trumbull, certain persons might have been sent to me, from whom I might receive some useful informa-tion.—Those I allude to, I mentioned to Dr. Stevens at the last interview we had at Port Republican, requesting that this favour might be solicited of the United States. They are the least culpable; the rest must abide by the consequences.  I wish you health and prosperity; and have the honour to be your humble servant,  TOUSSAINT L'OVERTURE.
INTERESTING.  French Commissioners to this Country.  It is reported, and we have reason to be-lieve there is good foundation for it, that Mr. Otto, and Mr. De La Fersse, who were formerly in this country in the dip-lo-matic line, are appointed by the French gov-ernment to come out to this country, as Commissioners to settle the differences existing between the two countries.  November 10.  On Friday afternoon, after the Governor had de-livered his Speech, Mr. Boileau of the House of Representatives, read in his place, a bill for ap-pointing by a joint vote, Electors of President and Vice President of the United States. It was made the order for this day.
LANCASTER, November 8.  Governor's Address.  Pennsylvania Legislature.  Yesterday afternoon the Governor met the two Houses in the Chamber of the House of Representatives, and delivered the following Address.  Gentlemen of the Senate and Gentlemen of the House of Representatives,  The legislature having omitted to pre-scribe the manner, in which the electors of a President and Vice-President of the U-nited States, shall be appointed, I have thought it incumbent on me, to furnish the present opportunity, for discharging a trust, so interesting to the honor of the state, and so essential to the prosperity of the Union. To preserve, indeed, the political balance of our Confederation, to promote the regular operations of government, to diffuse the blessings of concord, and to ensure the con-sidence of the people, are considerations in-timately connected with the object, for which you have been convened; and having thus prompted an extraordinary interposition of the Executive power, they will, also, I am persuaded, command, on your part, a serious and salutary attention.
It is to be regretted, Gentlemen, that the difference of opinion, which occurred on this subject, between the two branches of the last general assembly, has deprived our constituents of an immediate participation in the choice of Electors, either by an election of the citizens at large, or by an election of the citizens in districts. Since, however, the crisis affords no other alternative, than a Le-gislative appointment, or a dereliction of the right of election, we cannot, I think, reflect upon the dangerous and disgraceful conse-quences of the latter course, without re-solving to pursue the former. On the fidelity and vigilance of its several members, the Union depends for its energy and duration; and, it is obvious, that a neglect, or omission, of the important duties, assigned to the in-dividual states, must, eventually, prove as destructive to our Federal Compact, as an opposition the most active, or a secession the most daring: For, a free and enlightened People will not long continue to maintain or to respect an institution, in which (from whatever cause) they have ceased to be re-presented.
Nor can we resist the influence of those occurrences which admonish us, at this mo-mentous period of human affairs, to rally round the Constitution of our country, as the palladium of civil Liberty, and the last hope of Republican Virtue. To refuse Penn-sylvania, therefore from the stigma of exhibiting to her sister states, a fatal example of dis-cord and disorganization, as a motive, that cannot fail to supercede in every patriotic mind, the pride of opinion, as to the theory of our Government, or the bias of predilec-tion, as to the various means of supplying its departments. For my own part, I acknow-ledge, that I have ever contemplated a ge-neral choice by the People, as the truest, fairest, safest, exposition of the Constitution; but a deference for the judgment and prac-tice of others, taught me to respect a depart-ure from that rule elsewhere before the ne-cessity had arisen, which imposes a departure from it here. In eight States of the Uni-
on, Electors are appointed by a Vote of the two branches of their respective Legislatures, and appointments so made have been uni-formally recognized by Congress. It is a great consolation, therefore, that on the present occasion, we have these authorita-tive precedents to pursue; since permit me to repeat, it is only left to your discretion to decide, whether Pennsylvania shall abandon her elective rights, or exercise them in a manner, which has already been adopted by one half of the Confederation.
Though I have thus explicitly communi-cated my sentiments, and exonerated myself from all official responsibility, I still deeply partake of the general solicitude, for the is-sue of your deliberations. The situation of our Country is critical; but not alarming. In her external relations, the prospect of reconciliation and peace appears, by recent intelligence, to be realized; and nothing seems wanting to her domestic happiness, but a recollection of the common interest, by which all her Citizens must be equally animated, in their efforts to promote it. It has, perhaps then, fallen to the lot of Penn-sylvania, not merely to determine an im-portant election, but to extinguish, by a mag-nanimous example, those feuds and jealousies, which have disturbed the order of Society and which have threatened to eclipse the glory of the Revolution. Under this impres-sion, we see, without surprise, the attention of the Union fixed upon the proceedings of the present day; while, from every quarter of the state, the wishes and prayers of our Fellow-citizens, emphatically appeal to the patriotism and fidelity of those, in whom they have delegated their power. Such just and honorable expectations will not be dis-appointed! No!—Superior to the suggesti-ons of party, disdaining a contest about forms, and yielding to the precedents that have been established, your decision cannot fail to merit the approbation of our consti-tuents, the applause of our sister States, and the gratitude of posterity.
I shall reserve, gentlemen, the communi-cations on the general state of the common-wealth for a future message: but I cannot conclude at this time, without affuring you of my most cordial co-operation in every measure for the public good. Let us, then, cultivate, by every means in our power, a liberal and harmonious intercourse between the departments of the Government;—con-victed, as we must be, that our private hap-piness, not less than our public duty, will be best promoted, under the influence of mutu-al confidence, deference and esteem.  THOMAS M'LEAN.
Nov. 7, 1800.  WILMINGTON, (Del.) Nov. 8.  On Wednesday last the Legislature of this state adjourned, after having appointed the following persons Electors of President and Vice President of the United States, viz.  Kensy Johns, esq. Samuel White, esq. Nathaniel Mitchell, esq.
BALTIMORE, November 10.  By a gentleman direct from the city of Washing-ton, arrived last evening, we have received the fol-lowing information—that on Saturday evening last, about 7 o'clock, P. M. a fire broke out in the building occupied by the war office, supposed to have commenced in the chamber of the secretary himself, and into which fire was scarcely ever ad-mitted. A great portion of the books and papers were destroyed; those of the accountants were saved—the aforementioned Building, belonging to Mr. Joseph Hodgson, with one adjoining, belonging to Mr. Jonathan Jackson, were consumed, not-withstanding the exertions of the citizens.  In addition to the above, we have just learnt, by a letter from Washington, that Mr. D'xier's a-partment in which the fire originated, had been locked up for the last two weeks, the secretary having gone on a journey to the northward for his family. Mr. Wolcott, with one of the clerks who first dis-covered the smoke issuing from the secretary's chamber, burst open the door, but they were in-stantly repelled almost suffocated, and retreated with difficulty from the flames, which instantly spread over every quarter of the building.  Mr. D'xier himself arrived at the unhappy mo-ment of conflagration, very much injured by a fall from his carriage, which overset in that city.
November 11.  ELECTION OF ELECTORS.  Yesterday morning the Vols were opened in the different Wards of the City, for Electors of President and Vice President of the United States—At the close, it appeared that the votes stood as follows:     For G. Duvall.  J. T. Chase.    1st Ward,  285  148    2d —,  180  68    3d —,  53  54    4th —,  80  37    5th —,  132  27    6th —,  160  21    7th —,  267  29    8th —,  340  55    Total, 1936,  Majority for Mr. D. 1058.   
It was impossible to obtain for publication this morning, the sundry statements of the County Polls; the only one which has come to hand is that held at Mr. Murray's Tavern, where it appeared that the votes for the two Candidates were,  For N. R. Moore, 242 T. Chew Hunt, 14
FREDERICK-TOWN, (M.) Nov. 12.  The following is a correct state-ment of the returns from the different Districts of this county, at an Election held on Monday last the 10th inst. for an Elector for President and Vice-President of the United States.
   District. No. T. V.     Do No. II 370 196   Do No. III 434 163   Do No. IV 239 254   Do No. V 114 366   Do No. VI 229 212   Do No. VII 250 514   1724 2084   Majority 360  
ALEXANDRIA, November 8.  The Jockey Club Purse which were run for over the course near this town, on Tues-day, Wednesday and Thursday last, were won by horses belonging to John Taylor, Esquire. After the race on Thursday, the three successful couriers were marched in triumph through town preceded by the drum and fife.
NORFOLK, Nov. 11.  Extract of a letter from New-Providen: to a gentleman in this Borough, dated Octo-ber 28th.  Before this can reach you, you will have heard that the British cruisers have or-ders to capture all neutrals with cargoes, or any part of their cargoes, the production of a country the enemy of Great Britain, un-less bound home where they belong, or to Great Britain or Ireland. This I am a-fraid, will cause great uneasiness in the United States. There are several vessels sent in lately, merely because part of their car-goes were sugar and coffee, bound to Spain.
PETERSBURG, November 14.  The Raleigh papers give statements of the poll for the election of Electors for the state of North-Carolina.—As far as the elections are ascertained, it appears that four republi-can candidates are already elected, to wit—Col. Taylor, for the district of Raleigh; Gideon Alston, for the district of Halifax; Major Tatham, for the district of Hillsbo-rough; — Johnson, for the district of Edgcomb. The federal candidate, William Martin, is elected for the district of Fayette-ville. From the other districts no returns had been received.
THE VIRGINIA ARGUS.  RICHMOND:  Tuesday, November 18, 1800.  Returns from the different Counties of the Poll for Electors of President and Vice-President.     Adams. Jefferson     Middlesex, 2879 13,087   Gloucester, 32 118   Mathews 54 203   Richmond County 29 171   Essex 28 123   Culpeper 46 209   Cumberland 100 372   Charles City 11 289   Prince William 51 111   King & Queen 42 168   Madison 47 237   King William 25 238   Bonetourt 26 128   New-Kent 96 144   Fluvanna 85 105   Stafford 9 246   City of Williamsburg 91 151   Augusta 24 25   James City 462 237   Orange 32 75   London 7 337   Franklin 204 132   Greenville 27 514   Southampton 6 200   Surry 90 203   Fauquier 6 325   King-George 132 308   47 91   4699 18633   4699   13934  
It is to be presumed that any man who declares against the possi-ble progress of liberty, is not very favorable to political improvement. Mr Adams has said that the people of Europe could no more be go-vernred by representative govern-ment than their cattle. He has ex-tolled the British constitution as the greatest of all human inventions, & yet he is considered by a part of the federalists of this country, as deserv-ing of popular suffrage, and that an administration like his can alone perpetuate the blessings of a strong and energetic government.  In a country where the constitu-tion fixes the strength and tone of the government, what do men mean when they speak of a strong govern-ment? Do they mean that the go-
vernment should be stronger than the constitution and of course break it down and destroy it, or do they mean that the government should be stronger than the attach-ment of the people to the principles of freedom, and of course that power should subvert liberty? If this be their meaning, it is time to de-nounce, as enemies to the constitu-tion, those whose favourite task is a strong government—those who have pledged themselves to lose their heads, or in a very short time, to be the leaders of triumphant ar-mies.
It is time to call up the citizens of 1776, to suppress such factious, ambitious and turbulent spirits, with all their adherents and favour-ites.  The elections in South-Carolina are yet doubtful. The City of Charleston furnishes no criterion for judging of the general issue of the State elections. We find, by the returns for members of Con-gress in the Cheraw, Beaufort and Pinckney districts, already received that the present Members are warm-ly opposed; while Gen. W. Butler, the Republican Candidate, has suc-ceeded in Ninety Six, by a majori-ty of 893 votes.
Voyage of Discovery.  All the papers have spoken of the voyage of Dis-covery to be undertaken by the two French ships Naturaliste and Geographe, under the command of captain Baudin. One of the objects of the expe-dition is, to establish in a positive manner the in-vigation of New Holland. The French govern-ment have adopted all the means in their power to render the voyage useful to natural history, and to the knowledge of the manners of savage life. At the same time, Vailant, so celebrated for his trav-els in the interior parts of Africa, will set off to explore new regions. He is to seek for the fa-mous city which is said to be situated in the centre of the Torrid Zone, and he is to prepare or estab-lish commercial relations with those countries, with which, hitherto, no trade has been carried on but the slave trade. The expenses of his journey are to be defrayed by a company of merchants at Marfeilles, called the Society of interior Africa . This society wished to show its respect for the per-sons employed in the expedition, by giving a fave-rited dinner to captain Baudin. Fifty persons were invited, Baudin was placed between Vailant who did the honours of the day, and Bougainville. All the toasts were followed by airs, played by the con-tinual band, which was at the battle of Morengo. Vailant gave a toast to the ships Naturalis-te and Geographe —may they sail without danger to the farthest part of the world. Captain Baud-in gave—Bonaparte the First Consul of the re-pub-lic, and patron of the expedition. The expedi-tion will set sail almost immediately.
TAKEN UP some time in October last, a negro man, who says his name is NAT; about five feet six or seven in his high, a thick well set fellow, of a very dark complexion, broad face, adjudged to be about fifty years of age; says he was former-ly the property of one Francis Wilkinson, of Henrico county, and after the death of the said Francis Wilkinson, was allotted to his son Thomas Wilkinson, who carried the said Nat into the county of Amelia and sold him to one John Mac, who sold him to a Mr. William Jones, of the said county of Amelia, to whom he now belongs. The said Nat has in his possession an instrument of writing purporting that he was manum-itted by a certain James Bedford of Hen-rico county, the 24th of February, 1785; but it does not appear by the said writing that it has been proved and recorded in Hen-rico or any other court. The owner is de-sired to come forward and prove his proper-ty, pay the prison charges and take him a-way.
THOMAS HANCOCKE, J. Jher. Isle of Wight county, 11th Nov. 1800  TAKEN UP by the subscriber, TWO STEERS, about four years old—the one red, with some white on the extreme of his tail—the other brindled, with a white ring round his tail and a white spot in his forehead. They have each of them M. on both horns; on one cut, the other branded with a hot iron—the right ear a smooth crop with two slits, the left a large half moon or underkeel. Appraised at 16 pounds.  GEORGE EVANS. Sept. 30th, 1800
Notice  IS hereby given, that a Petition will be presented to the next General As-sembly of Virginia, to revive the Ware-houses for the Inspection of Tobacco, on Toluskey, in Richmond county.  FOR SALE, At Samuel Pleasants' Printing-Office, [By the Dozen or Single Copy,] THE COLUMBIAN Spelling & Reading BOOK: OR AN EASY AND ALLURING GUIDE TO SPEL-LING AND READING.

COL. WILLIAM BENTLEY having... a letter to a Lodge of Free Masons at Scottville...
An inoffensive suit was made by Mr. Bentley... to the District Court, to set the award aside...
I am, with respect, yours, &c. (Signed) LITTLEBERRY MOSBY.
At a District Court, held at the Capitol, in the City of Richmond, the 5th day of September, 1800.
Littleberry Mosby, plt. In the Case against William Bentley, deft.
THIS day came the parties by their attorneys... and the arbitrators to whose determination the matter in difference between the parties was submitted...
Pursuant to an order of the Honorable District Court... the defendant William Bentley, is guilty of the charge alleged against him...
In confirmation whereof, it is considered by the court... that the plaintiff recover against the defendant, the four hundred dollars in the said award mentioned...
A Copy, Test, J. Robinson, c. c. Coffs 177 3/4 Dts.
By virtue of a deed of trust, made to me by John Annesley... to secure the payment of a debt due to Edmund Toney...
WILL BE SOLD, At Public Auction, for ready money, on Wednesday the 19th of November next, at Powhatan courthouse.
One LOT, In the town of Scottville, on which is a dwelling house with three rooms below & two above stairs...
Wm. Mackenzie & Co. HAVE RECEIVED THEIR Fall Assortment, Which they will dispose of on their usual terms.
Indian Meal, Hominy & Bran, Are kept for Sale at the Lumber-house formerly owned by Thomas...
Just Received, And for sale by the Printer hereof, THE Columbian Reading Book, OR Historical Preceptor: A collection of authentic histories, anecdotes, characters &c. calculated to incite in youthful minds a love of virtue...
FACTS Submitted to public consideration, as additional evidences of the efficacy of Dr. Hamilton's Medicines, In the cure of most disorders to which the human body is liable.
RHEUMATISM. John Hoover, rope maker, South Second Street, between Mary and Christian streets, Philadelphia, voluntarily makes oath as follows...
JOHN HOOVER. Sworn and subscribed the 25th day of March, 1800, before Ebenezer Ferguson, esquire, one of the justices of the peace for Philadelphia county.
DANGEROUS COLD. David Gilbert, teamster, No. 46, South Fourth Street, Philadelphia, voluntarily makes oath, as follows: namely, that about 8 months ago he caught a severe cold...
DAVID GILBERT. Sworn and subscribed before me the 24th day of March, 1800. JOHN JENNINGS, alderman.
To parents who have children afflicted with the HOOPING COUGH, This discovery is of the first magnitude, as it affords immediate relief, checks the progress, and in a short time entirely removes the most cruel disorder...
WORMS. A daughter of Mr. Ewing Wiley, No. 103, Cedar Street, Philadelphia, was dreadfully afflicted with worms, inasmuch that her life was with great reason despaired of...
HAMILTON'S GRAND RESTORATIVE, Which the inventor confidently recommends as an invaluable medicine for the speedy relief, and permanent cure of various complaints which result from diffipated pleasures...
This medicine is perfectly different in its qualities and operation from those hot and irritating drugs to frequently proposed for similar purposes...
The most obstinate, seminal gleet; and the most distressing cases of flow alone in females fall partially under the province of this restorative...
FOR THE CURE OF Venereal Complaints of every description. PATENT Indian Vegetable Specifics, Prepared by Dr. LAROUX. The experience of several thousands who have been cured by this Medicine...
THE SUBSCRIBER, ANXIOUS to discharge every just claim against his proportion of the estate of Robert Bolling, Esq. of Buckingham county, deceased...
Low Grounds, In Amherst county, near Lynchburg, are next to the lines of Mr. William Galt...
Tobacco Land, On the north branches of William's river. The Amherst land will be shown by any officer on the premises...
TO MILLERS. An Excellent Assortment of DUTCH BOLTING CLOTHS, ARE JUST RECEIVED, and for Sale at the Store of the Subscriber.
TO BE SOLD, A well Finished Three Story HOUSE, With a Kitchen, Stable, Smoke-house, Coach house and Garden... Jacob I. Cohen, On Shockoe Hill, Richmond, Jan. 27, 1800.
THE public is respectfully informed that the Toll Bridge from this City to Manchester is now in far better order than it has been for some years...
CASH GIVEN FOR Wheat & Tobacco, BY BARTLETT STILL.
HOUSE & LOTS, IN THIS CITY. —ALSO— Eight hundred acres of LAND, within seven miles of the City, extending from James River, at Wehman, to the Three Notched Road...
THIS DAY IS PUBLISHED, THE VIRGINIA ALMANACK, For the Year 1801. The Astronomical part by ISAAC BRIGGS.
Asher Marx, Has just come to hand, an assortment of INDIA GOODS, Consisting Of Bordin Pattas, Tandahs Mamoodys, Alhabad Sannas, Abbad Coffas, &c. &c.
Slaves for Sale. BY VIRTUE of a deed of trust made to me by William Cannon of the county of Buckingham...
VIRGINIA-BORN SLAVES, To wit; Charles, Frank, John, Major, Lewis, Kit, Lucy and Charity. Wm. Anderson, Daniel Bagby, } Trustees. Oct. 27, 1800.
THE BRITISH ARMED SHIP, Aurora, Now at City Point, for Glasgow, having three fourths of her cargo engaged...
THE SUBSCRIBER, Has just received a large assortment of GOODS, Consisting of Rose and Striped Blankets; Kendal Cottons; Hali-Thicks; Kerseys; Yorkshire Cloths...
WANTS EMPLOYMENT, A Young Man, Well acquainted with the MILLING BUSINESS. For further particulars apply to the Printer. Richmond, Nov. 10, 1800
Just published, and for Sale, A PAMPHLET, ENTITLED, EXAMINATION OF THE QUESTION, "How far the Common Law of England is the Law of the Federal Government of the United States?"
PRIVATE Board & Entertainment BY CHARLES CONWAY, In the house formerly occupied by Dr. McCaw, opposite Mr. Crouch's tavern.
THE Grand Lodge of Virginia Will meet at the Masons' Hall in the city of Richmond, on Monday the 10th day of December next. W. H. Fitzhughson, G. S. Richmond, Nov. 6, 1800
One hundred weight of New Feathers, Wanted, or a few good FEATHER BEDS. Enquire of the printer. Nov. 4, 1800.
WANT to hire for the ensuing year, a few COOPERS. Joseph Gallego. November 7, 1800. PRIVATE Board & Entertainment In the house lately occupied by Mr. GORLER...
Just Published, (Price, three quarters of a dollar) THE Prospect before Us, VOL. II. PART I. Sold by M. Jones, and S. Pleafants, jun. Richmond.
FOR SALE, A Negro Woman, 37 years of age; a good Washer, and clear starcher; she can do any thing that is to be done about a house, and is very honest. The price may be known by applying to JAMES GALT. Williamsburg, Nov. 7th, 1800.
TAKEN up by the subscriber living about four miles from Manchester, three stray Hogs, sows and a barrow—the fows are red spotted with black and the barrow white, supposed to be eighteen months old...
S. and S. Myers, Have received an Assortment of India and German GOODS, Which they offer for Sale upon moderate terms at their Store one door below the Eagle Tavern.
—ALSO— Bar Iron, Wine, Sugar, Brandy, Holland Gin in cases, &c. They will give Cash for Tobacco. Richmond, 20th October, 1800.
For sale at this Office, A MAP OF THE RIVER RHINE, From Nimeguen to Basse; Shewing the actual State of War, between the French and Austrians.
—ALSO— A MAP Shewing the State of War in GERMANY and ITALY, 1800. Nov. 1.