Virginia Argus (Richmond, Va.), 1808-07-19 00:00:00

VIRGINIA ARGUS.
[FIFTH YEAR.]
A FREE PRESS MAINTAINS THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE PEOPLE.
[No. 1569]
RICHMOND—PRINTED (ON TUESDAYS AND FRIDAYS) BY SAMUEL PLEASANTS, JUNIOR, PRINTER TO THE COMMONWEALTH.
[Four Dollars Per Annum—Paid in Advance.]
TUESDAY, JULY 19, 1808.
[12 1-2 Cents Single.]
Richmond Price Current.
(CORRECTED WEEKLY.)
  Tobacco, 8 4 00 CASH   Flour, new, red 75, white 83 do.   Flour, superfine, new, 5 00 do.   Corn, 2 75 do.   Hemp, clean, (per ton) 180 00 do.   Iron, 110 00 do.   Wheat, 11 00 do.   Whiskey, 42 do. 
The subjoined number of "One of the People," presents in a limited space, a faithful biography of Mr. Madison, and with all the vivacity of eloquence, and the power of truth, flings the minority into merited contempt. They have endeavored, with microscopic sight, to find some dark spots upon his character—but the blaze of virtue is too dazzling for their vision, and they only look to be confounded. If there are any, whose suspicions are worth removing, we invite them to the study and remembrance of the following strong and animated sketch. The various charges which ingenuity has invented, and which malice has trumpeted to the world, are completely proved to be ex preterea nihil . When the minority first gave the whoop of disaffection, and slandered about back stair influence, federalism rose from its exhausted state—hope elevated, and joy brightened its crest. Those very men who had been the objects of their deepest execration, moved like deities to their admired eyes. They have joined in the bitterest denunciation against Mr. Madison, and strange to tell, because they pretend to believe him a federalist! Inconsistency, thy name is federalism! "Thus (in the words of Burke) are blown away this insect race! Thus perish the miserable inventions of the wretched runners, for a wretched cause, which they have fly-blown into every weak and rotten part of the country, in vain hopes, that when their maggots had taken wing, their importunate buzzing might sound something like the public voice."
Argus.
To Messrs. Joseph Clay, Abraham Trigg, John Russell, Josiah Masters, Geo. Clin-ton, Jr. Gordon S. Mumford, John Thompson, Peter Swart, Edwin Gray, W. Hope, Samuel Smith, Daniel Montgomery, Jr., John Harris, Samuel Maclay, David R. Williams, James M. Garnett and John Randolph, members of Congress.
GENTLEMEN,
We believe that you would willingly dispense with any farther attentions to your PROTEST. You would not care how soon it sunk into the bottomless ocean of oblivion. And if we could regard it as the work of indiscreet and unreflecting haste, for which, in a calmer moment, you would yourselves feel a generous sorrow and contrition, we would permit it to sink forever. But, since it is the offspring of deliberation and design, a sample of your characters, in your wisest and most virtuous moments, it shall not sink. We will keep it buoyant, until you shall perceive and feel how thoroughly we have dissected and anatomized you, how perfectly we understand you: until you shall stand abashed and confounded at the broad and open detection of your own weakness and wickedness; and over the grave of your ruined reputations, ruined by your own misdeeds, pour from self-love, those groans of remorse and repentance, which in you, we fear, can never rise from a more generous source.
You object to Mr. Madison, the want of energy. The objection shows the company which you have been keeping. It proves that confederacy with your former political adversaries, which has been so often, and, we now find so justly charged upon you. It is the mere echo of the old federal reproach against Mr. Jefferson, caught by you to be reverberated against his expected successor. The want of energy? How has Mr. Madison shown it? Was it in standing a-breast with the van of our revolutionary patriots, and braving the horrors of a seven years war, for liberty—while you were shuddering at the sound of the storm and clinging closer with terror, to your mothers' breasts? Was it on the declaration of our independence, in being among the first and most effective agents, in casting aside the feeble threads which so poorly connected the states together, and in lieu of them substituting that energetic bond of union, the federal constitution? Was it in the manner in which he advocated the adoption of this substitute—in the courage and firmness with which he met on this topic, fought, hand to hand, and finally vanquished that boasted prodigy of nature, Patrick Henry? Where was this timid and apprehensive spirit which you are pleased to ascribe to Mr. Madison, when he sat under the sound of Henry's voice for days and weeks together—when
he saw that Henry, whose soul had so undauntedly led the revolution, shrinking back from this bold experiment, from the energy of this new and untried constitution—when he heard the magic of his eloquence exerted to its highest pitch, in painting, with a prophet's fire, the oppressions which would flow from it; in harrowing up the soul with anticipated horrors and enlisting even the thunders of Heaven in his cause? How did it happen that the feeble and effeminate spirit of James Madison, instead of flying in confusion and dismay, before this awful and tremendous combination, sat serene and unmoved upon its throne; that with a penetration so vigorous and so clear, he dissipated these phantoms of fancy; rallied back the courage of the house to the charge, and, in a state, in which Patrick Henry was almost adored as infallible, succeeded in throwing that Henry into a minority? Is this the proof of his want of energy? Or will you find it in the manner, in which he watched the first movements of the federal constitution—in the boldness with which he resisted, even in a Washington, what he deemed infractions of its spirit—in the independence, ability and vigor with which, in spite of declining health, he maintained this conflict during eight years? He was then in a minority. Turn to the debates of congress and read his arguments: You will see how the business of a virtuous and able minority is conducted. Do you discover in them any evidence of want of energy? Yes—if energy consist, as you seem to think it does, in saying rude things, in bravado and bluster, in pouring a muddy torrent of coarse invective, as destitute of argument, as unwarranted by provocation, you will find great evidence of want of energy in his speeches. But if true energy be evinced, as we think it is, by the calm and dignified, yet steady, zealous and persevering pursuit of an object, his whole conduct during that period is honorably marked with energy. And that energy rested on the most solid and durable basis—conscious rectitude; supported by the most profound and extensive information, by an habitual power of investigation which unravelled with intuitive certainty, the most intricate subjects, and an eloquence, chaste, luminous and cogent, which won respect, while it forced conviction. We have compared some of your highest and most vaunted displays, with the speeches of Mr. Madison, during his services in congress. Great God! what a contrast! It is the noisy and short-lived babbling of a brook after a rain, compared with the majestic course of the Potomac. Yet you have the vanity and hardihood to ask for the proofs of his talents! You, who have as yet shown no talents that can be of service to your country; no talent beyond those of the merciless Italian, who dexterously strikes a tomahawk into the defenceless heart! But what an idea is yours of energy! You feel a constitutional irritability—you indulge it and you call that undulating energy. Sudden fits of spleen—transient starts of passion—wild paroxysms of fury—the more slow and secret workings of envy and resentment—cruel taunts and sarcasms—the dreams of disordered fancy—the crude abortions of shortsighted theory—the delirium and ravings of a hectic fever:—this is your notion of ENERGY! Heaven preserve our country from such energy as this! If this be the kind of energy which you deny to Mr. Madison, the people of this country will concur in your denial. But if you deny him that salutary energy which qualifies him to pursue his country's happiness and to defend her rights, we follow up the course of his public life and demand the proof of your charge; for we beg you not to think so highly of yourselves, nor so meanly of us, as to suppose that your general assertion will pass with us for proofs: we have not yet seen the evidence of candour and virtue which entitles you to this high ground. To your proofs, then, and to the retrospect of his life. Do you remember that dark and disastrous period during the administration of General Washington, when the British marine was taking some of those stately strides which threatened to crush our infant commerce in the bud? Do you remember the resolutions brought forward by Mr. Madison at that period, to restrict the British commerce itself, and avenge the wrongs done to his country? Do you remember those celebrated resolutions, and the raptures of applause with which they were received by the people for their well-timed and well-directed energy? It may be convenient to you to remember these things. But do not believe that we shall forget them; nor that we shall fail to compare the spirited and highly applauded policy which he recommended, then, with the policy which our present wise & virtuous republican minority, are recommending toward the same nation now, on account of the same kind of aggressions. Yes, gentlemen, we mark the energy of your policy towards Great Britain—the policy by which you, in conjunction with your newly ally and associate the honourable Timothy Pickering, (the force of whose logic you just begin to feel) recommend it to this independent and gallant nation to cower down before the lawless and arrogant pretensions of that bloated and blustering bully of the ocean. This dastardly trucking to Great Britain, is what you call energy; the attitude which Mr. Madison took towards her in '95, was imbecility. Blush at the imbecility of your own intellects, which could plunge you into this ridiculous and shameful dilemma.
Again, was Mr. Madison's want of energy shown in the year 1799? In that year, "the political hemisphere" was so far
from having "brightened a little," that it darkened had thickened until it could be felt. The Alien and Sedition laws waved their baleful sceptres over the continent; and the bosoms of patriots were everywhere filled with consternation, and, almost, with despair. It was believed that public liberty had no hope, no refuge but in the state governments. It had been announced from the presidential chair, that there was a party in Virginia which was to be "ground into dust and ashes." The resolutions of Co. Taylor in 1798, treated with neglect or contempt by the other great states, had proved that the legislature of Virginia was the last stand of our political freedom and happiness: And to crown the climax of danger and disconsolation, the distinguished Patrick Henry came again from retirement, with the view, as it was understood, to assault and dislodge them from this their last station. Such was the inauspicious, the all-important, the decisive crisis, when James Madison, with a frame still languishing under sickness, but with a spirit firm, erect and intrepid, came forth in the cause of liberty and his country. Who can forget that moment! Who can forget how the little band of Virginian Patriots crowded around this republican champion to catch the accents of a voice rendered feeble by disease? Even yet we have this virtuous and fraternal groupe before us. Who can forget how the night of despair first began to give way—how hope, at first, faintly dawned upon each cheek, as uncertain of her footing; until under the inspiring strains of his voice, she assumed a deep and determined glow and sparkled with exultation in every eye:—Who can forget the resplendent triumph of truth and reason exhibited in his report? Who that loves his country can cease to love the man, whose genius and firmness gained that triumph?—Not the 'American people, be assured, gentlemen.—Yet we find that one of you, under the signature of Falkland, in a late Enquirer, can recall that epoch with far different emotions. Ex-prate his spleen by fancying what would have been the result of a reconcoire between Mr. Henry and Mr. Madison, if it had not been prevented by the death of the former—how the genius of Madison would have sunk and fled before the impetuous and over-whelming eloquence of Mr. Henry. The writer obviously derives a species of malignant pleasure from brooding over this imaginary triumph, although it gained, it would have been at the expense of his country. This is his virtue: this too is his candor! Had he forgotten the convention of Virginia, where Henry, in all his glory, was foiled by the transcendent powers of James Madison? Or did he think the defence of the Alien and Sedition laws a better cause, than the contending for previous amendments to the constitution? Wretched, most wretched is the fate of that writer or that man who deserts the plain high-way of candour: of candor, for the dark and crooked mazes of intrigue and cunning—of trick and misrepresentation: He may, as the wise son of Sirach has said, "work his way, for a time, like a mole under ground, but, by and by, he blunders into light and stands exposed with all his dirt upon his head."
We have taken a rapid review of the life of Mr. Madison, for the purpose of finding the occasion on which he betrayed this want of energy. We cannot find it. On the contrary, in every crisis, during his long and eventful political career, of four and thirty years, whenever the energy of the statesman was demanded, we have seen it illustriously displayed by him: not the spasms of a madman—but the steady and unremitting energy of a firm and ardent patriot, a man of the purest and most disinterested heart, and of endowments of the very first and highest order. We have not followed Mr. Madison into his office under the present administration; because since that time, his course has been uniformly with the administration; and whatever you may think of that course, the seal of approbation has been already fixed upon it by your country.
No more then of your harping on this general charge of want of energy: descend to a specification; and shew us when & where it was. We beg your pardon: you have specified the solitary ground of this heavy charge—Mr. Madison, it seems, left his post in Congress, in the moment of danger, and took refuge in retirement. This is just as candid as the rest of your reproaches. The case was this. Mr. Madison had devoted two and twenty years of the prime and flower of his life to the service of his country: he had not spent those years in saying "yea" and "nay," nor, what is worse, in venting barbarous sarcasms, in writing protests disgraceful to his virtue and understanding, and in playing the part of Thersites in the camp of Agamemnon: No; those years had been spent in beneficial services, in the discharge of the most arduous duties, in the most intense and unrelaxing exertion of his pre-eminent faculties in the cause of liberty and republican government. In
the mean time, his private affairs had been neglected—his constitution had received a serious shock—his health was in a visible and alarming decline. In these circumstances, at the close of general Washington's administration, he sought an interval to put his estate in order, to recruit his health if that were possible; or, if otherwise, to provide for the awful change which he had too much reason to apprehend. It was in 1797 and '98 that he was thus engaged. But we have seen, that in 1799 when the dangers of his country had increased almost to desperation, although his health was so far from being confirmed, that it had become worse, he again made his appearance on the political theatre, with the same signal gallantry, which had ever distinguished him. He has been in public life ever since.—And those two years of repose and of private duty, so reasonable, so necessary to him, are what you would have us to consider as a cowardly flight from danger! We are not Barbarians. You defeat your own purpose, gentlemen; you wish to destroy Mr. Madison; but you force us to recall his services and to reflect how immaculate must be that life, against which malice itself can bring no better charges.
So much for your accusation of the want of energy, and for the single instance by which you attempt to support it. But after all, this is, perhaps, a mere dispute about a word: it is probable, that we do not attach the same idea to the term energy. What our idea of the energy of a republican patriot is, we have already shown in the example of Mr. Madison. As to any thing farther, we admit, most cheerfully admit, that Mr. Madison has not that kind of energy which distinguished a Catiline, a Clodius or a Caesar, a Danton, a Robespierre or a Napoleon. We hope that he has no ambition to figure at the spring of a guillotine, at the head of a faction, nor of an army, red with civil blood, and infamously immortal by the overthrow of its country's liberty. This may be the species of energy which suits your projects. But where will you find it? Not in Mr. Madison, most assuredly; and as assuredly, not in either of those noble-minded and honorable gentlemen, who are understood to be cursed with the support of your names.
We have done with this charge of the want of energy. Those who choose to take the floating rumor, and through credulity or credulity to found their faith upon it, without examination, may have been gulled by the din which you have raised. They are however but a few.—The people, who choose to take nothing on credit but, to examine for themselves, are not thus to be duped. We have examined this charge and we have found it air.
But let us see how well this quadrates with your next charge. This is, that Mr. Madison in conjunction with Mr. Jay and Mr. Hamilton, wrote the work called the Federalist, in which the most objectionable doctrines of the latter are maintained. Now the objection to the doctrines of the latter gentlemen were, that they were too energetic. In one breath, then, Mr. Madison wants energy—in the next he has too much of it. This is the unity and consistency of truth. But why, again, are you so vague and so general in this charge about the Federalist. Our jurists tell us "dolos latet in generalibus"—deception lurks in general expressions? and the truth of the maxim was never more strikingly exemplified than in your treatment of Mr. Madison. You mount some eminence, and with a trumpet to your mouth, you bawl out "Yazoo," "want of energy," "the Federalist—Jay and Hamilton." It does not suit you to descend to particulars, because you know the charges require but to be seriously examined, and they are at once falsified and exposed. You know the odium attached to the words which you utter, and regarding your countrymen as a pack from the kennel, you seem to think that you have nothing to do, but to point out the game and set us on. But we are not quite such beasts as you are pleased, most respectfully to consider us. Instead of being ready to worry a patriot whose virtues offend you, we will protect and cherish him against your injustice and most undeserved persecution. The Federalist! We know that it is a defence of the constitution, which we are all sworn to support: and where is the crime of Mr. Madison's having participated in that defence? Is it criminal in Mr. Madison to have defended the constitution by written argument, and yet not criminal in you and in us to have sworn to support it? This is another evolution of the strength and clearness of your discernment! Since you will not descend to particularize the passages in the Federalist which Mr. Madison wrote and which give you offence, permit us to extract one which is calculated to give you consolation in the prospect before you, since it promises the continuance of your honorable existence as a body:—"Liberty is to faction, what air is to fire; an aliment,
without which it instantly expires. But it could not be a less folly to abolish liberty, which is essential to political life, because it nourishes faction, than it would be to wish the annihilation of air which is essential to animal life, because it imparts to fire its destructive agency." This is a general answer to a general charge. When you give that charge a definite form, it shall receive a definite answer.
But you wish for your president "a man not suspected of undue partiality or enmity to either of the present belligerent powers." Suspected? And by whom is Mr. Madison thus suspected? Not by the people; for they have seen no act of his in relation to those powers, except in concert with the administration, which they entirely approve. By whom then is he thus suspected? By your honorable selves. And why do you suspect him? Because you suspect the administration of which he is an officer. Yes; this insinuation is merely a continuance of that war which you have been for some time carrying on against Mr. Jefferson. It seems to be one of the articles of the treaty of amity which you have lately formed with the honorable Timothy Pickering, and his associates, to hark in and j in the old federal cry of French influence in our councils.
The time was when you repelled this atrocious and unfounded calumny, as it became men. But that day is over; & with it, your standing & influence in this country. "Alas! how fallen!" We pity you; but our confidence in you is gone forever. Where your tergiversation will end, we cannot calculate. The shades of discrimination between yourselves and the federalists cannot now be distinguished.
Your republican blue has melted into the federal red. And since the honorable Timothy seems to have come forward with the view of convincing us that New England is not quite such a blank in point of talents as she seems to have been supposed, that there is a man there capable of the highest offices, and who already fancies that he has a distant scent of Presidential honors, we should not be surprised if your next plunge were to support him for that office. He seems already to have convinced you that our seamen and our commerce ought to be sacrificed to British insolence; the transition is easy to the next absurdity, that he is fit for our President. What glorious times we shall have then! Our illustrious President will not be at all suspected of undue partiality to either of those European powers. He may indeed acknowledge the British supremacy upon the ocean, strike to her flag in every sea, surrender our citizens to her impressment, our commerce to her rapacity, and sooner than income her by an embargo, carry his cod-fish to the coast of China—but what of all this? It is for the good of the British navy; "that navy is our shield"—and tho' that shield may bruise or break the arm which it affects to cover—still it is a shield and a cover—and what is more—it is the British navy and the adversary of France! Such is the new policy which you seem to have learned! Such your idea of impartiality between the Belligerents!—We will suffer the aggressions of neither with impunity; and although we have not a navy to cope with them, we have the means of making them feel our displeasure; and they shall feel it equally and severely. We will sacrifice to the arrogance neither of the one nor the other. This is our creed and the creed of the administration.
We have done with your charges against Mr. Madison. Would to Heaven it were in your power to remove as easily those which you have drawn upon your own heads!—But before we take our leave of you, it will be proper to notice the sentiment with which you close your protest. You have given a new attitude and a new face to the republican idea of rotation in office. The advantage of this principle, as you understand it, is that the successor may impartially review the acts of the past administration, adopt those which tend to promote the public good and abandon those of a contrary tendency. And whence are we to get this successor, whom you suppose so ignorant of the acts of his predecessors, that immediately upon his election he is gravely to sit down to review them and to examine their tendency for the first time, to cull from among them the beneficial acts, in order that he may adopt them, and to reject those which he thinks ought not to be adopted. Are you men who write thus; or are you children? We had thought that the acts of the administration were examined as they went along; their wisdom and tendency decided upon by the opinion of the nation; and that no man would be called to the presidential chair, so ignorant of past events, as to have to learn them by rummaging over the journals of his predecessors. But this is another specimen of your shuffling. There is obviously an effort to keep back a part of your wishes. Speak out, gentlemen; after the lengths which you have gone, it is the height of folly to be squeamish. Or if you will not speak out, we will do it for you. This is your

(CIRCULAR.)
Pittsburgh (Pa.) May 30th, 1808. Sir,—In consequence of an extensive correspondence with the late officers of the revolutionary army, and to have their opinions, influence and good offices may well be relied on, we are greatly encouraged to persevere in our endeavors to obtain something like an adequate remuneration for our just claims on the government of our country.
It is not for us, a small band, in a remote situation at the head of the Ohio, to say what shall be the mode or substance of our application to the next Congress on this interesting subject, but we conceive that our claims being the same, our requests should be substantially alike; besides other good effects, this mode will give the least possible embarrassment to the councils of our country in deciding on our pretensions.
We hope that in suggesting the following, to our old companions in arms, we shall not be deemed presumptuous; let remonstrances, exhibiting in firm and modest language, the services of the revolutionary army, the dangers and privations which attended them during the war, the happy termination of it, and the consequent happiness and independence of our country; let them exhibit the promise of half pay which was made to the persevering officer at a particular period, and let the remonstrances forcibly, but decently, state how little was received, by changing the half pay into a five years commutation, paid in a paper not worth more than one eighth part of its nominal value; let them state the poverty of the army on their return to private life, and the necessity they were under of selling their certificates for what the broker or speculator would give, and let them conclude by requesting, that our half pay, may be granted to us, or an equivalent, deducting therefrom the five years commutation, or such a sum on that account as congress in their justice may think proper, and let these remonstrances be signed throughout the union by every old officer, who is now alive, and sent forward by the first day of the next session. Besides this, let each state society of Cincinnati, depute one of its members, whose services may have been conspicuous and whose standing in life is respectable, to wait on congress at the next session, to support and aid our claims—his expenses on this mission to be paid from the funds of each society.
Signed in behalf of the officers of the revolutionary army in Pittsburgh and its vicinity.
STEPHEN BAYARD, Lt. Colo. 8th Penn. Reg't.
GEN. SCOTT. The foregoing Circular from a board of officers at Pittsburgh, shews the propriety of a meeting of all the old revolutionary officers that are in the state of Kentucky.
Supposing myself the senior officer of that description in the state; I have thought it my duty to request their attendance in Frankfort, the 15th of August next.
CHS SCOTT.
Late Maj. Genl. of the continental army. June 25th 1808.
A Court of Inquiry
FOR the 1st battalion, will be held at the Bell Tavern in the city of Richmond on the 25th inst.—and for the 2d battalion at the Washington Tavern, on the 26th inst.—and a Regimental Court of Inquiry will be held at the Bell Tavern, on the 6th day of August: These courts will commence at 9 o'clock, A. M. and adjourn at 4 o'clock, P. M. on each day, unless the business before them be sooner determined. GEO: WM. SMITH, Lieut. Col. 19th R. Reg't.
A NEW WORK.
Just received and for sale at this office, (PRICE THREE DOLLARS,) The Register of Arts, OR A COMPENDIOUS VIEW OF SOME OF THE MOST USEFUL MODERN Discoveries & Inventions. BY THOMAS G. FESSENDEN.
Twenty Dollars Reward.
RUNAWAY from the subscriber some time in January last, a negro man named BILLY. He is a middle aged man, and about the common size. The third finger of one hand is cut off and has five or six large marks across his breast. It is supposed he will make to the neighborhood of Williamsburg. He was purchased of Mr. John P. Shields of Richmond, by the subscriber, who resides in Giles county, who will pay the above reward and all reasonable expenses, to any person who will deliver the negro to me, or secure him in any jail, so that I get him again. All masters of vessels & others are forewarned from harboring or carrying him out of the state at their peril. JOHN TONEY. June 29, 1808.
THE 3d No. OF COL. TOUSARD'S AMERICAN Artillerists' Companion, is ready for delivery to subscribers at this office. A few copies for sale. FIFA & CASA Executions, For Sale at this Office.
preserve to our country the blessings of peace and independence, objects so dear to us as to render personal inconvenience, and individual privation, matters unworthy of consideration; Therefore, Resolved, That Thomas Jefferson, President of the United States, in recommending, and the Congress of the U. States in passing, the acts imposing and enforcing the embargo, have deserved well of their country. Resolved, That it be, and is hereby recommended to the good people of this state, to give them their aid and to carry into execution this important national measure. Resolved, That this state will, to the utmost of its power, and at all hazards support the general government in all measures calculated to maintain the rights and support the independence of the United States. Resolved, That these resolutions be forthwith transmitted by the president of the senate, and speaker of the house of representatives of this state, to the President of the United States. Ordered, That these resolutions be sent to the senate for their concurrence. By order of the house. R. GANTT, C. H. R.
In the Senate, June 29, 1808. Resolved, That this house do unanimously concur with the house of representatives. Ordered, that the same be returned to the house of representatives. B. H. SAXON, C. S.
NORFOLK, July 13. Extract of a letter from a gentleman at Havana, to the president of the Marine Insurance Company of this place, dated 11th June, 1808. The French privateers capture and bring into the ports of this island, under the French decrees, all vessels bound from any British port. The General Butler and cargo (from Liverpool to New Orleans) have been condemned at Vera Cruz on that ground, and the brig Ocean, capt. Waldin of Kennebec, with 290 puncheons of Rum, bound from Jamaica to Boston, has been sent into Trinidad in this island by a French privateer on the same ground.
July 14. Capt. Guttrie arrived here yesterday from Antigua, informs, that on Wednesday last a brig under French colors, mounting 16 or 18 guns and full of men, had gone up the bay—supposes she was direct from France.
GEORGE TOWN, (Dis. of Col.) July 13. We are told that Mr. Pinckney has forwarded to our government a number of propositions as the basis of a commercial treaty between this country and England, submitted to him by the British government. They propose placing the United States on the footing of the most favored nation in all commercial points, so soon as we choose to renew her trade. Mr. Erskine, it is rumored, is authorized to proceed in the arrangement of this subject. We cannot however state any thing respecting it with certainty. (Wash. Fed.)
Mr. Erskine, the English minister, arrived in the city on last evening from Philadelphia. We believe he received dispatches from his government by the Packet, which arrived at New-York on the 6th. It is rumored that he is authorized to enter into a friendly discussion of the differences existing between the two governments.—ib.
NATCHEZ, May 16.
INDIAN HOSTILITY. Extract of a letter from Mr. Thomas Owens, to Col. H. Davis, dated Plaquemine, May 16. I have since I left you, experienced very great bodily suffering, besides the loss of all the property I took with me. We were attacked on our route, at the mouth of Cartouche, by five Indians, (Aubums,) who fired upon us without the least provocation.—Mr. M'Cleland and my negro man were killed on the spot. After receiving several fires, Mr. Gerald and myself threw ourselves into the water, and swam to the opposite shore from the Indians—who kept up a constant fire upon us, and wounded Gerald in the left shoulder, while in the water. They pursued us in their canoes, and about a mile by land, when we escaped by again taking to the water. We travelled about forty miles thro' a most miserable country, without any thing to subsist on, wading through bayous, and swamps infested with alligators—and tearing ourselves with the bushes and underwood. We arrived at Opelousas in about two days and a half, where I left Gerald, and proceeded on to Judge King's where I immediately raised a party of 24 men, and set out in pursuit of the murderers. In the mean time, we have taken into custody a chief and two followers of the same nation. I refer you to Mr. Cormier for further information.
KNOXVILLE, June 29.
Our affairs with the Indians between this place and Natchez are becoming truly alarming. Every day we hear by passing travellers, of the repetition of aggressions of a very serious nature.—Nay so much has been the alarm excited, that considerable danger is apprehended in passing the wilderness. Week before last, a gentleman on his way from Natchez to this place, passing through the wilderness, was robbed by six of the Choctaw tribe of Indians.—He was forcibly taken off his horse, and had taken from him his clothes, and the money of which he was possessed.
The apology assigned by the Indians for this outrage, was, "that the whites would shortly shoot too much, and cut their throats." This happened just this side of Beam's.
The day following, two other persons at the same place and by the same party were also robbed. It fortunately happened that they were youths on their way to College, the Indians declared had they been men, they intended to kill one of them!
WASHINGTON CITY, July 14. "General" Pickering is all the rage in the ministerial prints in England. In examining my file of London papers by the O-sage, I cannot open one devoted to the ministry, but what the name of "General" Pickering stares me full in the face. Nothing but "General" Pickering! Mercy on us! what will the warriors of Europe say to "General" Pickering?—so circum-spect in battle—so bold and dashing with his pen!—who shrinks from his country's enemies in time of war, and bullies his own government in time of peace.—Monitor.
The following extract of a letter is worthy of all possible attention and full credit, inasmuch as it contains the sentiments of an American merchant long resident and engaged in extensive business in London. The writer is a Federalist; and like many of that class of politicians on this side of the water at the present day, speaks language gratingly American. The opponents of the embargo have alleged that it is a foolish, visionary measure. But they will surely admit the opinions of practical men to have weight. Let them, then, attend to the following sentiments delivered by a man from his own knowledge and experience; and confess that their opposition to the measure has been groundless. [b.
Extract of a letter from an eminent merchant in London, dated May 10th, 1803, to his correspondent in George Town. "There is nothing doing here in Maryland and tobacco, because it is not fit for the manufacturers of this country, and all the ports on the continent are shut by the French against all exports from England. Several argues that were designed for Holland have been forced in here by the late orders in council and must be sacrificed. If this had not been the case, I should have got off about 200 bds. that I have long had on hand, very well; but as things now are, I know not how to sell it at any price, unless you embargo should continue a year or upwards, and in that time the scarcity of Virginia might force the manufacturers to make use of a few Marylands. York and James Rivers are worth 7-1-2d. a 8d.—little demand."
"I have not lately heard from Holland; but as no tobacco can go there, I presume prices by this time are up to 15 a 16st. and will be much higher if your embargo continues."
"I am surprised to see by your papers the clamors against the embargo. Suppose for a moment it was taken off, that would not improve your situation in the smallest degree, unless the British orders in council and the French decrees were also removed. By the orders in council all your produce must come here, or be liable to capture and condemnation; and by the French decrees all coming here is liable to capture and condemnation. But suppose all was to come safe here, it would not pay the freight and other charges of importation, so that the whole cost would be a loss to the shipper.—this is clear and certain—not speculation—and would apply almost to every kind of your produce. Cotton would be the best article; but even that would net little or nothing. Would it not then be better for your produce to perish in America and serve as manure for your lands, than to export it to perish in Europe, after adding to your loss by paying freight, insurance, and other charges? England, Scotland, and Ireland, do not consume more than one 6th part of your produce; and if the whole was obliged to come here, this one 6th would sell for almost nothing, and the other 5 6ths would be a total sacrifice. This is a true state of the case. The measure of your embargo is wise, just and prudent, and ought not to be raised until all your political differences are settled in Europe."
We have been long since convinced that the opposition of Federalists to the embargo, was more for the sake of opposition, more from hatred to the administration, than the dictates of their judgment. It is a leading trait in the character of that party to slander and oppose every measure, in proportion to its justice and policy, its importance and popularity.
It would be unjust to deny that party common sense, but it is perfectly just to pronounce that their opposition to the embargo is either evidence of its want or something worse, mentis depravity . The old proverb says that there are none so deaf as those that will not hear, & we may add that there are none so stupid as those that will not understand. While this operates as a dose to the Federalists, will it not also work the war party who throw out a more emphatic censure upon the embargo by exclaiming that every child can perceive that it is incapable of a execution. What will the Baltimore Whigs say to this? notwithstanding his exclamations of surprise and abuse we repeat our text upon this subject, "tht when treachery is snuffled in the place of faith, piracy in the place of commerce, and murder in the place of friendship, it is time we should not only say—the embargo should be permanent, but esto perpetua . ARGUS.
CHARLESTON, July 7.
LEGISLATURE OF S. CAROLINA.
In the House of Representatives, June 29, 1808. The following resolutions, moved by Dr. Witherspoon, of Christ Church, and seconded by Mr. Jenkins, of St. Helena, were unanimously adopted by the house: We, the representatives of the people of the state of South Carolina, in General Assembly met, deeply impressed with the state of our political affairs, and feeling as free men ought to feel, whose rights have been violated by different belligerent nations, conceive it to be our duty at this crisis, to come forward and vindicate republican institutions from the charge of ingratitude, and unequivocally to express our sense of the late measures of our general government. We see in them a sincere desire to
the people in my situation to prepare goods for the spring and fall; but they have not this year done it, not having received any orders or any encouragement for it. Do you happen to know whether the manufacturers of whom you speak, have not withstanding the diminution of their laborers, a stock in hand accumulating? Very considerably.
Do you happen to know, from your knowledge of the west riding of Yorkshire, how many hands are supposed to be employed in the manufacturers there? I cannot speak correctly to that question. Then I am to understand you, that since the beginning of the month of November last, and at any rate before the end of January, before the knowledge of the American embargo, the manufacturing in the district of Yorkshire was entirely or almost entirely at an end? No, not exactly so; there is a certain description who will manufacture whether there is a prospect of sale or not; as long as they can get credit from the dealers in the staple, they will keep their hands employed two days out of the six.
And those persons, with that diminished number of hands have an accumulating stock? Certainly because there is no sale. Do you remember a similar embarrassment? Never in my life time. Nor heard of such? No; I have heard people twice in my age remark, that they never experienced a similar stagnation. Do you think that if the intercourse between this country and America remained uninterrupted, it would give a sufficient encouragement to the manufacturers of that country, even if our intercourse with the continent of Europe was totally stopped? I have no doubt of it, because America is a different from any part of the continent; it takes from the coarsest article produced from the sheep's back, to the finest, which no other country does. It takes every species and variety of the woolen manufacture? It does.
You conceive that those manufacturers, which employed fifty hands, have now reduced them, though the west riding, to six or eight? Yes, I believe I could go still further, that I know some houses, which used to employ forty or fifty hands, which are now employing any at all. What proportion do you conceive the export of woollens to America to bear to the whole manufactured in the west riding of Yorkshire? I have understood, but I cannot speak from my own knowledge, nearly one-half.
Then supposing it to be even one half, to what cause do you attribute the diminution in the number of men from fifty, to six or eight; what other causes have contributed to that stagnation? The Russian war, the loss of Portugal, and the being shut entirely out of the continent.
James Palmer. In what line of business are you engaged? A manufacturer of hosiery.
To whom do you chiefly sell the hosiery you manufacture? Three-fourths for exportation to America.
Three-fourths of the extensive manufacture in which you are engaged, is for the American market? Yes.
Have you any objection to state how many persons you usually employ in your manufactory? Three hundred.
How many do you employ now? One-fourth of that.
When did you cease to employ your usual number of hands? In November last.
Was this in consequence of any diminution in the demand for the article? Yes. Which commenced in November? Yes. At what time do you receive your orders for the American markets? Usually in December and January.
For the spring shipment? Yes. Therefore last year you ought to have received such orders in the month of January and February? Yes.
How many orders have you received? Not one.
Have you discharged your workmen gradually or all at once? Gradually.
Have you lessened the work of the others? I have given the usual employment, but to a smaller number.
Have you a larger quantity of your article on hand, than usual? I have a stock on hand, which I should not have had but for the interruption of trade with America. Mr. Robt. Kinder.
Do not you suppose that if the American commerce is considerably reduced, it would turn a considerable proportion of capital as well as labor to manufactures? I think there can be no doubt of it; the emigrations from the eastern states would almost certainly be stopped by the want of exports, and they will apply immediately to manufactures, which are already established in that part of the country.
Do you not think that if manufactures were once established in America, they would call on their government for protection, so as to prevent almost entirely foreign goods being exported afterwards? I don't think it would be almost impossible to eradicate them again. Do not you know that the population of America can employ itself more successfully in agriculture than in manufactures? Not under the circumstances before said. Thomas Mullett.
Did you ever in the course of your extensive correspondence with the continent, hear of any American or other neutral vessel being condemned in the enemy's ports under the Berlin decree? I did not.
Do you recollect, a few weeks previous to the issuing our orders in council, whether the general purport of them was pretty generally the subject of conversation? The newspapers were full of their remarks for three weeks before the time they gave what they considered be on line. (To be Continued.) NEW-YORK, July 12. When the stories of the Usage, which had been seized at Falmouth, were ordered to be restored after Mr. Pinkney had interposed, it was discovered that the following articles had been purloined—viz. 3 gr. casks of Madeira, 3 do. coffee, 1 bbl. rum,
Wsh You wish some man to be appointed the next president, who, you believe, look upon the present administration with the same hostility which you do? In other words, you are displeased with the character of the present administration, and you wish a different character to be introduced. This is the whole of the secret with which you have been laboring and floundering throughout this most unforunate, self-murdering process. But you perceive that the people of the U. S. are of a different opinion. They approve the character of the present administration; they wish that character continued; they know that it will be continued by the election of Mr. Madison. These are the truths which stare you in the face, and fill you with the pangs and agonies of despair.—The prospect of being again in a little and wretched minority during the next administration, is more than your proud and lofty spirits can support.—Learn then to avoid it. Learn to have no interests but those of the people. Forget the wicked dreams of ambition, which have disturbed your brains. Return to virtue and to the people: and the people will forgive you. ONE OF THE PEOPLE.
Extracts from evidence of the British Orders, delivered before the English Parliament. (Continued.)
Mr. Martin. Where do you get this information? From the brokers I employ, who take regular accounts of the tar and turpentine imported each year from America, and the quantity which comes from other parts; I have reason to believe, that the greater part, if not the whole, came from America; I was myself the importer of a part, which would be here described as coming from some other place, because I imported it to Ireland, and it was then brought to Liverpool, because it could not be sold to advantage at the port at which it was.
Do you apprehend that the parts of this importation of stores, which do not come from America, come from the north of Europe? Certainly, part of the tar imported into Liverpool, comes from the north of Europe. Any considerable proportion from the British colonies in North America? No; the bulk of the tar, and nearly the whole of the turpentine, come from the southern states of the United States.
Do you not think that the non-importation act was in itself a symptom of hostility? I think it was solely a symptom of precaution.
How was that measure to operate as a measure of precaution? From all the information I have had with respect to America, either from my partner, (for I have a partner now there), or from Americans in this country, it has been uniformly my conviction, that it has been far from the intention of the Americans, either the American government, or the inhabitants, the subjects of America, to take hostile measures with respect to this country, and therefore I consider the measure of the non-importation act as intended simply as that kind of restraint, with respect to the commercial intercourse between the two countries, which might operate favorably in the event of difference with respect to the two countries, and not as a measure intended or calculated to lead to a rupture.
You have stated, that when you went to Birmingham the impression made upon your mind was, that the deficiency of orders which had then recently taken place was in consequence of the orders in council; how was that impression made upon your mind? Because nothing but the orders, in council, as a palpable fact, was at all before the minds of the merchants in Birmingham, the embargo was not known and could not be known; the taking place of the non-importation act in December, was problematical, it might or it might not, from the fact of its not having taken place the year before; there was a strong probability that it would not; the orders of the council being alone before their mind, as a palpable fact, were considerations with them against shipping goods; and the consideration proceeded from this, that the orders in council were in their apprehension, such measures as would lead to the most serious interruption of our commerce between America and this country. John Oxley.
How have the orders which were sent in December and January this year for the present spring shipment been? Nothing at all, no orders whatever.
When did the news of the embargo reach your part of the country? In January.
Late in January? Yes. Then your manufactory has been very much affected by some events happening early in November? Certainly.
Have you dismissed the hands in your employment since that time? A great number of them I have; but I would wish to be understood that I am not a manufacturer, I only speak as a merchant.
Do you understand that the manufacturers you employ have dismissed their labourers? A great number of my neighbors have.
Though not a manufacturer yourself, you are employed in those cloths? In the finishing and dressing part.
Have you dismissed the workmen employed in that? A great many of them.
In what proportion have you and your neighbors, or those manufacturers whom you employ, dismissed their hands? For the American market, at the most moderate computation, houses which have employed fifty or sixty men, do not employ more than six or eight. That you conceive to be general in the west riding of Yorkshire? I do. Notwithstanding the diminution of the number of hands, does the stock of manufactures in your hands and your neighbors diminish or accumulate? In the manufactures it accumulates. Notwithstanding the dismissal of those hands? In consequence of receiving no orders, it has generally been the custom of

Virginia Argus.
RICHMOND: TUESDAY, JULY 19, 1808.
There are many persons who affect to be friends of the present administration, and at the same time make every exertion to render it unpopular.
That there is a little war-party in the United States who expect to excite distraction by their clamors for war, and who wish to revive the odious federal charge of timidity in Mr. Jefferson.
The conquest of Canada would extend our territory, but would it benefit our commerce? The possession of British North America would enable us more effectually to annoy the West Indies, and when this is done, your grand scheme of offensive war has accomplished its utmost.
These are others who would be as ambitious to fight the battles of their country as Mr. Whig; but they are anxious to avoid the direful calamities of war by pursuing another mode equally effective.
Every account from the West Indies informs us of the immense price of provisions, and we presume that every child will ascribe it to their scarcity.
Notwithstanding these powerful effects of the embargo, which is becoming more operative every day, we are told that a child can perceive that it is incapable of execution, because a few vessels have escaped.
MR. PLEASANTS, As domestic manufactures are beginning to come into fashion, I hope that of Poetry (among others) will, at least, meet the encouragement of being honored with a reading, when it appears in a newspaper, and the Printer demands no additional payment for it;
That time, however, is passed, the strong predilection for every thing British having happily been done away, and succeeded by some degree of national pride, and some little fondness for the productions of our own country.
PATRIOTIC ODES FOR THE YEAR 1808.
ODE I. AN ADDRESS TO THE MUSE. Goddess divine! by whom, in ancient times, All laws were given and lessons taught, Inspir'd by whom, in Greek and Gothic climes, Their sages sung, their heroes fought!
Col. Burr has gone to see the fabled Lion. What will he do without his valet de chambre Luther Martin, his musician Blennerhassett, and his good GAME KEEPER Harper, if he should settle in England?
Extract of a letter from a respectable gentleman of Jamaica, who was here some months since, to his mercantile friend in this city.
DEAR SIR, Times here are truly distressing. Every article of provisions very scarce. Flour at 10l. the barrel, owing to this internal embargo.
last to collect debts," at the first onset. They were ordered to depart, but as the British merchants are ever generous, they made application to the Governor for all vessels, coming here to collect debts, may be allowed to take the money off for the same, or any other article, according to law, which was instantly granted by our governor.
It is truly distressing to the feelings of every republican to find that there are some refractory spirits in our country, unmindful of its honor, regardless of its laws, and shuffling with its neutrality.
We have been lately accused of intemperance and unnecessary harshness in regard to the federalists; but when it is recollected of what particular description we speak, we are conscious that the sensibility of the honest federalist cannot be offended.
So long as they will do this, suspicions will be entertained, according to the maxim that a man is known by the company he keeps. To illustrate these remarks—what opinion should we form of the political character of a man who would be intimate with a traitor, who would gloss over his treason, who, because from some word or circumstance, he has not been found guilty, contends that he has been honorably acquitted.
From WASHINGTON CITY, July 13. The Secretary of the Navy has left this city for Baltimore, and the Secretary of War for Portland.
It is not often that we find occasion to notice any thing contained in the Washington Federalist; not, from any dearth of misrepresentation in that print, but from the articles of this character usually carrying on the face of them their own refutation.
We likewise offer the following statement relative to the treatment of the Osage on the same authority; a statement which has become the more necessary from the numerous wilful falsehoods with which the federal prints teem.
On her arrival at Falmouth the British excise officer seized her and took out her naval stores, in virtue of an alleged infringement of the revenue laws, which prohibits private ships from entering with more than a prescribed quantity of them.
Thus it appears that the treatment in both countries was not substantially different; and that such difference as does exist shews the conduct of the English subaltern officers to have been more aggravated than that of the French.
We have received a file of various London papers to the 15th of May. We have examined them carefully; but find little interesting besides that already given to the public.
The proposition in parliament to confide the distilleries to the use of sugar begins to be warmly agitated. It seems to be too absurd and unjust an expedient to be eventually adopted.
Aaron Burr has arrived at Halifax (N.S.). The Aurora, in announcing this intelligence, furnishes an interesting article, which shall be given in our next.
Mr. John (late lieutenant general) Whitelocke, intends, it is said, shortly to embark for America.
FROM THE AURORA. CHOICE SPIRITS—AGAIN!!
We have been favored with the "Royal Gazette of Nova Scotia," to June 21st—and the "Halifax weekly Chronicle," to the 17th.
Among other information of particular moment, is that concerning Colonel Burr, he was at Halifax on the 21st ult. and assumed the name of Edward, which, if we do not mistake, was the name of his mother; judge Edwards of Connecticut, however, is his relative.
Colonel Burr, (who has now his alias) appeared to be constantly engaged with general Prevost, and it was confidently spoken of, that he meant very soon after the arrival of a fleet expected from England, to sail from Halifax with a considerable military regular force, the ostensible object of which is Pensylvania—but which it is not unreasonable to suspect, is New Orleans.
Whether our government possesses any information as to the actual position of Burr, or his design, we are not informed; but it has been understood that General Wilkinson, instead of taking command of a military encampment, in which the new discipline was to be introduced, in the augmented military establishment; is destined to proceed to the southward, once more to baffle and confound treason and traitors.
From the Halifax papers, we find, that all officers on British half pay in America, are required to furnish the British deputy-paymaster general at Nova Scotia, "precisely with their christian names and surnames, and present place of abode—the date of their reduction to half pay—their rank at the time—and present place of residence," &c. &c.
As there are several of this description in the United States, we are more particular in giving this communication, as they cannot mistake the duty they owe themselves in such a crisis as is approaching; so that those who prefer the government of Great Britain, may not be taken in an awkward position, and those who prefer America and liberty, may take such public measures as may assure the citizens in their neighbourhood of their fidelity to the United States.
In the Nova Scotia papers we find the address of the house of assembly to the dismissed governor Wentworth, in which they state that "political circumstances have induced his majesty to place the government in the hands of a distinguished military officer."
The papers also contain very significant addresses to general Prevost, the successor of Wentworth, from the assembly and council; in the address of the council we find the following paragraph.
"Among the many instances of his Majesty's paternal solicitude which we have experienced, we shall remember with gratitude the readiness with which in the present critical situation of affairs his majesty dispatched so distinguished an officer as your excellency to govern this province, placing at the same time under your command a chosen body of troops, accompanied with warlike stores of every kind, to enable your excellency to defend the country in these perilous times. It is also with real pleasure we express our grateful acknowledgments to his majesty for the extraordinary mark of his attention in ordering so large a supply of arms, accoutrements, clothing, and camp equipage, to be sent out to the militia of this province!"
"They will display in their own defence, or on ANY OTHER OCCASION, which human policy may require, courage, &c. &c. The address of the assembly is equally significant—they say—"the selection of an officer of your excellency's distinguished character, and great military talents, to preside over us, at this critical period; and the sending a respectable force under your command, for our protection; and in the supply of arms, clothing, and camp equipage, so graciously granted," &c. &c.
They add—"If personal exertions shall be required, it will be found, that the people of Nova Scotia find the spirit of their ancestors has not degenerated."
In the same papers we find copious extracts from major Jackson's paper of Philadelphia, which are treated with mark of distinction!
We also find two proclamations—one of which, is for fasting and praying on the 10th day of June. And another inviting the people of the United States, in their neighborhood, to violate their oaths and obligations to the laws—and to bring into his royal majesty's power of Nova Scotia—"staves, plank & square timber, boards and scantling, bread, biskuit, flour, pease, beans, wheat, barley, oats, Indian corn, grain, seeds, and meal of all kinds; cattle and live stock of all kinds; also, tobacco, pitch, tar, turpentine, salted beef and pork, bacon, hogs, lard, butter, onions, fruit, &c. from the United States of America, and from the Azores, or western islands."
The fasting was, however, to take place within the period of this invitation, for it was to continue four months from the fourth of May.
It is to be presumed that the friends of Burr will now comprehend whence he derived the resources for his expedition; who were his abettors abroad, and the views and purposes of his friends and abettors in the United States.
The quantum of bait taken from Burr & Co. by chief justice Marshall, and his flight from that bait, indeed the whole machinery of the trial, and the manner in which that trial was managed by the chief justice, and by the counsel for Burr; are objects which ought not to be lost sight of.
Suspicion has prevailed that the ramifications of that conspiracy, did embrace greater numbers, and spread over a larger surface than appeared on the face of the proceedings at Richmond; the zeal with which Burr was defended by those who had previously execrated and abhorred him for shooting a former rival and adherent of England, are facts that speak with tongues of intelligence, and call for feelings of unutterable execration.
The crisis is at hand when the people must, as in 1775 and 1776, look to themselves; traitors caused more bloodshed in the early stages of the revolution, than the 50,000 myriads sent to butcher us; the people see their government daily calumniated and abused; the laws openly violated; nay, the friends of the laws and government held forth as objects to be marked.
Are these myriads now at Nova Scotia, the persons for whose guidance these marks are to be put upon the friends of the American rights.
Look to it; citizens of America; the crisis approaches. An intelligent gentleman of Plattsburg, has communicated the following method to preserve wheat from the ravages of the Hessian Fly, or what is often termed the insect.
"I take the salt and pickle, says our informant, which can be spared from my meat tubs and adding water sufficient to soak my seed wheat, put in salt as long as the water will dissolve it. In this I soak the seed eight hours, then turn off the water and add as much ground plaster as will adhere to the grain. For clay-dry land, substitute lime for plaster. The grain should be harrowed in before it is dry. When my seed is thus prepared, continues our correspondent, I have never failed of a crop, although the adjoining field which was sown in the common way has been so far destroyed as to induce me to plough it up for buckwheat. Buttermilk and water have been tried in the room of brine, but they do not produce any good effect. I do not sow my seed thus prepared until after the equinoctial storm, from the 21st to the 28th Sept. and have found it to answer well."
By Last Evening's Mail
NEW-YORK July 12. Our readers will recollect, that in Saturday's Gazette, we stated that the Spaniards had risen, attacked, and beat the French army that had entered Spain; that the British squadron off Cadiz was hourly expected to join the Spanish fleet there, to protect and convoy the king of Spain and royal family to South America.
This news was communicated to us by capt Van Beuren, of the brig Thomas Jefferson, from Madeira; which place he left the 28th May, and he received it from a respectable mercantile house in that place. At first we were inclined to believe that this was a mere report, and not entitled to much credit. But from the following intelligence, which we yesterday received from capt. Sheffield of the schr. Mary Ann, we are induced to believe there is some foundation for the news per capt. Van Beuren.
Capt. Sheffield, on his arrival at Gibraltar the 14th of May, found 23 sail of British transports full of troops, getting under weigh and was informed by an officer of the health-office boat, which boarded him, that they were bound to Cadiz, to take possession of that place, which, he said, the Spaniards had given up to the British. Cpt. S. came through the Gut with the above fleet, and left them steering for Cadiz.
BLANK REPLEVIN BONDS For sale at this office.

Mount Comfort, FOR SALE. SITUATED on Rappahannock in the county of Essex, within fifteen miles of Tappahannock and about the same distance from Urbanna and King and Queen Courthouse and very convenient to the post office at Montague's Tavern—there are upwards of one hundred and fifty acres of land attached to this seat, a considerable part of which is wood land and heavily timbered—The improvements are a dwelling house, forty feet by eighteen, a Kitchen, Smoke House, Stable, Ice House, &c. on the Hill—And on the river bank, a store house, with a commodious Store and Counting Room and an excellent Granary—all of which—except the Stable—have been recently built. Mount Comfort commands as good, if not the best view of the river of any seat on the Rappahannock, and the best fish and oysters may be had at the door with very little trouble—It is well calculated for a merchant, being in a populous and wealthy neighborhood, where it is believed five or six thousand pounds worth of goods might be retailed annually—it would also be a convenient stand for a professional character—I would either sell on credit if the payments can be agreed on, or exchange for other lands without improvement. For farther particulars apply to Reuben M. Garnett, or to
Carter Wood, Mount Comfort, June 1, 1808  MATTRESSES OF ALL SIZES AND KINDS, MADE and repaired, agreeably to order, in the large wooden house opposite the Old City Tavern, no squares below the market bridge, Richmond.
J. S. Pleasants. May 31, 1808  Joseph Marx & Co. Have on hand an assortment GERMAN OZNAUBURGS, TICKLENBURGS, DOWGLASS, and TOWELLING, by the bale, box or piece. COGNAC BRANDY and MOLASSES. SACK SALT, coarse and fine. Which they will sell for cash, tobacco, or approved paper. Richmond, April 28, 1808. tf
I AM desirous to exchange the following property, or any part thereof, as may be agreed on, for a small tract of good Land, in a healthy situation, with a dwelling house and other improvements, a good spring of water, and an agreeable neighborhood, at a distance of 30 to 100 miles up the country—To say for Houses in this city—Lands in Henrico county, joining the accommodation, and near this city—2,000 acres on Richland creek, in Lincoln county Kentucky—1,000 acres on the waters of the Ohio, in Mason county—and two tracts of Military Lands on the river Tennessee, each 866 2/3 acres. Robert Mitchell. Richmond, Feb. 6, 1808. tf
Penitentiary Store. SHOES at the Manufacture of the Penitentiary have been lately REDUCED, considerably below their former prices. D. J. BURR, Agent. 10th May, 1808.  20 Dollars Reward. RUN AWAY from the subscriber on the night of the 10th inst. a negro man named JOHN STON, about 5 feet 7 inches high, slender made, one or perhaps more of his fore teeth decayed, bushy hair, he is a very active fellow, and of considerable address; he took with him an old fur hat, brown broad cloth coat, olive constitution cord round about, with paxilons of the same, patched at the knees, a new mixed Virginia cloth round about and panaloons, two new brown linen shirts, and some muslin shirts, a new madras handkerchief, and many other articles of clothing not recollected. It is supposed that he will make towards Richmond, as he was brought from that place last winter by Benjamin Harden, who says he was purchased from a Mr Bell, grocer of Richmond. The above reward will be given to any person or persons for apprehending the negro and securing him in any jail, so that I get him again, or if brought home, all reasonable expenses paid. He is about 25 years of age. Calvin Morgan. Wythe courthouse, Virginia. } wtf June 1 1808.
To Aaron Burr, Esq. SIR, TAKE NOTICE that I shall apply on the fifth day of the August term of Henrico county court, which commences on the first Monday in August next, to award commissioners to take depositions in Kentucky to be read in evidence in three suits depending in said court, in which I am plaintiff and you are defendant. Your obedient servant, Robert Miller. July 5, 1808. 4w
To Aaron Burr, Esq. SIR, TAKE NOTICE that I shall apply on the 5th day of the August term of Henrico county court, which commences on the first Monday in August next, to award commissioners to take depositions in Kentucky to be read in evidence in a suit depending in said court, in which I am plaintiff and you are defendant. Your obedient servant, Henry Schroeder. July 5, 1808. 4w
Gallego, Richard & Co. HAVING NO LONGER ANY CONCERN IN THE Columbian Mills, COMMONLY CALLED ROSS'S MILLS, Inform their friends and the public in general, that any WHEAT sent to them by water, from the upper country, will be received at THEIR MILLS ON THE CANAL; and any wheat sent them by LAND, will be received at a convenient lumber-house contiguous to their counting room. Richmond, July 11, 1808. 2m
Wirt's Speeches. THE Editor of the Argus has lately published the SPEECHES of WILLIAM WIRT, Esq. on the trial of Col. AARON BURR, and others.—With a portrait by St. Memin.
Myer Marks, Respectfully informs the Parents & Guardians of Children, that he has OPENED A DAY SCHOOL, In the cross-street leading to Court's Ferry, a few doors below Joshua West's coach shop, where he will teach READING, WRITING and ARITHMETIC. He assures those who think proper to favor him with their children, that the strictest attention will be paid both to their morals and education. His School room is in a pleasant and healthy situation. The terms are such, that he believes will meet with the approbation of all. English Grammar will be taught. Richmond, July 8, 1808.
RICHMOND Turnpike Company. AT a meeting of the directors of the Richmond Turnpike Company, on Thursday evening the 7th of July, 1808. Resolved, That all shares of delinquent stock holders in this company, be sold at the Swan Tavern in this city, on Monday the 15th day of next month, at 5 o'clock, P. M., without reserve, and that the same be published in all the newspapers of this city. Resolved, That a call of 5 dollars on each share of the stockholders in the company be made, to be paid to the treasurer on or before the 15th of next month. Teste, N. Sheppard, Clk. Richmond, July 10, 1808. 15A
For Sale, A VALUABLE TRACT OF LAND, lying in the county of Powhatan, containing by a late survey, Five Hundred and Forty One Acres—two hundred and seventy six acres of which is prime woodland—about 20 acres of first rate Meadow Land, which may be rendered very valuable with a small expense. This is the tract whereon Col. Wm. Mayo, late of Powhatan county, dec'd lived, lying about 3 miles above Powhatan courthouse, within four of James and four of Appomattox rivers, in a healthy neighborhood and convenient to several merchant mills. This land is well watered, with excellent springs, and is suitably adapted to the balance of corn, wheat and tobacco. The improvements are a Dwelling House 48 by 22 feet, with a passage and three rooms on the first floor, and a passage with two rooms on the upper, with a twenty two foot square wing with two rooms, some necessary out buildings—all of which want some repairs. I shall proceed to offer this land for sale at Scottville, the seventh day of August next, being Powhatan court day, on the following terms—The sum of seven hundred and fifty pounds cash in hand, on the day of sale, and for the balance, a credit of two years will be given the purchaser; bond with approved security will be required, carrying interest from the day of sale, if not punctually paid; also a deed of trust on the said land to secure the payment of the balance. It is deemed needless to say anything more, as it is presumed, that those who may wish to purchase, will first view the premises, which will be shown by Capt. Benjn Mosby, or Mr. Thos. T. Swann, living near thereon—or to the Subscriber living near Powhatan Courthouse. WM. MAYO, Junr. Powhatan County, June 20, 1808. 3w
TO RENT And possession given the first day of October next, The Tenement, OCCUPIED by Alexander Plainville, next door below Samuel Pleasants' Book-Store. For particulars, apply to WILLIAM COOK. Richmond, 1st July, 1808. (tf)
DISSOLUTION. THE Copartnership of the subscribers, is, by mutual consent, this day dissolved. All persons indebted to said concern, will make payment, or give bond to Ezekiel Levy, who alone is fully authorized to settle the said concern and grant discharges; those who have claims will apply to him for payment. Ezekiel Levy. John Edwards. Richmond county, Virginia. } 3w June 6 1808. By the Governor of the Commonwealth of Virginia,
A PROCLAMATION. WHEREAS it is represented to the executive, that Henry Thacker, David Thacker and Elisha Thacker, late of the county of Louisa, and who were committed to the jail of the district court held at Charlottesville, charged with highway robbery, have escaped from the said jail on the night of the 19th inst.; and whereas it is also represented to the executive that Reuben Marshall, late of the county of Albemarle, who was committed to the jail of said county, charged with maiming and putting out the eyes of Francis Taliaferro, has also, on the night aforesaid, escaped from the jail of the said county of Albemarle: I have therefore thought fit, with the advice of the council of state to issue this proclamation, hereby offering a reward of one hundred dollars each for the apprehending and conveying to the jail of the district court aforesaid, the said Henry Thacker, David Thacker and Elisha Thacker, and I do also hereby offer a reward of one hundred and fifty dollars to any person or persons who shall apprehend and convey to the aforesaid jail of the county of Albemarle, the said Reuben Marshall. And to the end that the laws may be duly executed, and justice administered by the punishment of such crimes as the crimes aforesaid are charged with, I do moreover enjoin all officers, civil and military, and exhort the good people of this commonwealth to use their best endeavors to apprehend and convey to the jails aforesaid, the aforesaid said Henry Thacker, David Thacker and Elisha Thacker, and Reuben Marshall. Given under my hand with the seal of the (L. S.) commonwealth annexed, at Richmond, this 25th day of June, 1808. Signed, Wm. H. Cabell.
Henry Thacker is slender, about 25 years of age 5 feet 8 inches high, very narrow faced, as are also the other two, all three being brothers David Thacker is very slender, about 5 feet 10 or 11 inches high, Elisha Thacker is also very slender, and perhaps about the height of David. Reuben Marshall is an active fellow, about 36 years of age, 5 feet 7 or 8 inches high, black eyes and light hair, and tolerably proportioned He speaks quick, is impudent and subject to drink hard
JUST RECEIVED, A few hundred barrels cut & whole Herring Antigua Rum by the hogshead & Best Green Coffee by the bag. FOR SALE BY C. H. SAUNDERS. 2d June, 1808. w3m
Just Published, By C & A Conrad, & Co Philadelphia, and for sale by Samuel Pleasants, Jr. Richmond; The Columbiad; A Poem in 10 Books—By Joel Barlow. THIS title announces a work of the highest interest; that the result of our country or of any other can furnish. With regard to the merits of the execution, it would ill become us, the publishers, to speak in that strain of commendation which alone would give utterance to our sentiments. Of this, the public, to whom it is now offered, will judge for themselves. We will only state one circumstance, which ought to be understood by the purchaser before we solicit his patronage. The ancient Juvenal Poem of Mr Barlow called the Vision of Columbus, is so far worked in this, as henceforward to disappear from the list of his works. All that he has thought worthy of the subject in that Poem has been incorporated in this—which may amount to one fourth or one third of the former work. He has now in his mature years and judgment, taken a much wider range over the immense regions of fact and fancy, than the fortunes of this hemisphere have opened to his view, and the work is now probably destined to stand, the epic song of his country.
No pains or expense have been spared to give it a dress and ornament suitable to its intrinsic merit. It is in one volume royal quarto illustrated by twelve engravings on the following subjects; I. Hesper's appearance to Columbus in prison. II. Capac and Oella instructing the savages in agriculture and the domestic arts—III. Zamor killed by Capac—IV. Inquisition—V. Cesar passing the Rubicon—VI. Cortez presiding over the Prison Ship—VII. Murder of Lucinda—VIII. Cortez resigning his sword to Washington—IX. Rape of the Golden Fleece—X. Initiation to the Mysteries of Isis—XI. Final resignation of prejudices. These eleven subjects were painted by the celebrated Smirke, expressly for this poem. The pictures are now exhibited in the Philadelphia Academy of Fine Arts, where the public can examine their admirable execution, and form some idea of the expense and labor bestowed on the decorations of this work. They were engraved by the first artists in England; and the engravings were in such high estimation among the amateurs, that several proof copies were sold in London at six guineas a set. To these is added a portrait of the author, painted by Robert Fulton, and finely engraved by Arthur Smith. The paper, we believe, is better than any before made in this country; and the printing by Fry & Kammeyer, may be regarded as a specimen of typography hitherto unsurpassed, and seldom equalled in the world.
To Rent...THE HOUSE & LOT, LATELY occupied by Mr Hezekiah Mosby pleasantly situated on Shockoe Hill and very convenient for the accommodation of a family—Possession may be had immediately Thomas Elliott. Richmond, 27th May, 1808. 15A
TAKEN UP By Thomas Weaver, in the lower end of Prince Edward county, on the waters of Sandy river, One Sorrel Mare, Much worked, a year in her forehead and shod before; hanging mane and long tail, about 10 or 11 years old, some white hairs on her back; appraised to fifty dollars by us. Given under our hands this 4th day of April, 1808. Abraham Foster. Josiah Faulks. John T. Ligon.
Four Slaves, to wit: Daniel a negro man, Philis a woman, Squire a boy, and Pallas a girl, but as we are only trustees for the benefit of others, we will only warrant the title as to ourselves and those claiming under us. William F. Carter. Robert Franklin. Warminster, July 6 1808. 3w
Five Negro Slaves, viz. Beck, Maria, Milley, Sam and Aggy, conveyed to the subscribers as trustees, by C. Wm. Cannon, to secure a sum of money due by him, to Daniel Hagby and Robert Hill's representatives and others, as is in said deed expressed. As the subscribers are only trustees, they will convey only such title as they have by virtue of such deed. William Guerrant. Thomas Pittman. New Canton, June 25 1808. tds
A Tract of Land, Lying in the county of Henrico, containing 863 4 more or less, it being the land purchased by Mrs. Mary White of Philip Turpin and adjoining the lands of Elisha Harwood and Joseph Price. Isham Goddin, } Trustees. W. M. Lewis, } July 8, 1808. 3w
A Valuable tract of Land, Formerly the property of William A. Atkinson, dec. well improved, containing by estimation 390 acres, lying on the stage road, two miles above the courthouse—it is in a healthy situation and a respectable neighborhood. A further description is deemed unnecessary, as it is presumed the purchaser will first view it. Bond and approved security will be required of the purchaser. The Commissioners. July 3, 1808. w5t
Buckingham County, June Court, 1808. George Anderson, (who sues for the benefit of George Carson) Plff. In chancery against Theodoric Scruggs and William Cery Palmer, Defendants. ON the motion of the plaintiff by counsel and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that the defendant Scruggs is not an inhabitant of this state, it is ordered here and decreed, that unless he shall appear here at September court next and answer the bill of the plaintiff, the court will then proceed to take the same for confessed as to him and decree the matter thereof accordingly, and that a copy of this order be forthwith published in some public newspaper of the city of Richmond for two months successively, and another copy be posted up at the front door of the courthouse of this county. A copy—Teste, R. Eldridge, Jr. D. C. FOR SALE AT THE ARGUS PRINTING OFFICE,
THE TRIAL OF THOMAS O. SELFRIDGE, ATTORNEY AT LAW FOR KILLING CHARLES AUSTIN On the Public Ex. hang. in Boston, August 4th, 1806 This work, is said to contain some of the best specimens of New England Eloquence.
Nicholas Hallam, A FEW DOORS ABOVE THE SWAN TAVERN HAS FOR SALE, on equally good terms as sold in Richmond, 360 wax and fair Calf Skins, } Philadelphia manufacture. } First quality Cossack boot legs do. do. Long, three quarter and half, draft, calf skin and Cordovan, do. } Calf and Cordovan roundings and binding skins } Bridle leather, &c. &c. Boots and Shoes. Nails of all kinds. Family Bacon, Butter, Cheese, Lemons and Apples. A GENERAL ASSORTMENT OF WELL CHOSEN GROCERIES Boots and Shoes made to measures at short notice, and rips mended gratis. April 12. 1awtf
In King William County Court, May 25, 1808. Mary King, adm'x. with the will annexed of Miles King, dec'd Complainants, against Robert Brooke, adm'r. of John Fox and Eliza Fox and Thomas Pemberton, guardian of Mary Fox, orphan, &c. of the said John Fox, deceased, Defendants. IN CHANCERY. THIS day came the complainant, by her counsel, and the defendant Robert Brooke not having entered his appearance and given security according to the act of assembly and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that he is not an inhabitant of this state, it is ordered that unless he appears here on the 4th Monday in August next and answer the bill of the complainant, and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in some newspaper published in the city of Richmond for three months successively and another copy posted at the front door of the courthouse of this county. A Copy—Teste, Robert Pollard, C. C.
Virginia, to wit: At a court of Appeals held at the capitol in Richmond, the third day of June, 1808. GENERAL RULE.—After the end of this present term, all causes depending in this court, shall be called in the order in which they stand upon the docket; and such as may be ready for hearing pursuant to the former rules of this court, shall, unless good cause be shown to the contrary, be heard in the same order in which they stand upon the docket, until the whole shall be gone through—and the causes which shall be passed over, shall, unless for some very special reason appearing to the court, be put at the end of the docket of each term. Ordered, That the above rule be published in at least three of the newspapers printed in Richmond, once a week, until the first day of October next. A Copy—Teste, J. Brown, C. C.
FOR SALE at the ARGUS OFFICE, A FEW DOORS BELOW THE BELL TAVERN [PRICE TWO DOLLARS.] A SYSTEM OF Military Tactics, CONTAINING THE PRINCIPLES OF Discipline & Movements, CHIEFLY ADAPTED TO INFANTRY; WITH THE Rules and Regulations DESIGNED FOR THE Forces of the United States. TO WHICH IS ADDED THE VARIOUS FORMS OF REPORTS. ILLUSTRATED BY 16 COPPER-PLATES, SHOWING UPWARDS OF ONE HUNDRED MOVEMENTS. By DANIEL FISHER.
Military Lands IN THE STATES OF OHIO AND KENTUCKY. THE subscriber has for SALE, sundry valuable tracts of LAND, on the waters of the Miami and Scioto rivers, state of Ohio. Also, on the waters of Cumberland and Green rivers, state of Kentucky, which will be sold low for cash or good bonds—For further particulars enquire of William Price, register, who has the file papers, or to William Du-Val. Buckingham, January 20, 1808. tf
Assize of Bread For the City of Richmond, from the ninth instant until further notice. Superfine flour being one dollars per barrel, viz. A single loaf made of superfine flour to weigh 30 oz for 4d 1-2. Ditto common flour 32 oz. for 4d. 1-2. Double the above weights respectively, 9d. DAVID BULLOCK, Mayor. July 4th, 1808. w4t
Dr. Rees' New Cyclopaedia, UNIVERSAL HISTORY OF ARTS AND SCIENCES. IN TWENTY VOLUMES QUARTO. CONDITIONS. THE work will be printed in a large quarto, with new types, cast for the purpose, on a superfine wove paper, each volume will contain from eight hundred to a thousand pages. A half volume, in boards, will be published regularly every two months, PRICE THREE DOLLARS, PAYABLE ON DELIVERY. Between six and seven hundred plates, engraved in a superior style of elegance, will be comprised in the course of the publication, by a far greater number than is to be found in any other scientific Dictionary. TO SUBSCRIBERS. The first fifteen half volumes are ready for delivery at the Book-Store of Samuel Pleasants, jun. Richmond. Subscriptions still open. June 25 1808
Penitentiary Store. THE subscriber, Agent for the Penitentiary, offers for sale the following articles, the manufacture of that institution, at very low prices for cash only at retail, and at 90 days credit at wholesale, for approved endorsed negotiable notes CUT NAILS.    Wholesale prices  Retail prices    3d  15 cents  14 cents per lb.    4  12 1-2  13 1-2    6  11 1-2  12 1-2    8  10 1-2  11 1-2    10  10  11    12  10  11    20  10  11    Slating nails  11 1-2  12 1-2   CU. BRADS.   8d  10 cents  11 cents per lb.    10  9 1-2  10 1-2    12  Do.  10.    20  Do.  Do.   SPRIGS   3d  39 cts. per lb.  50 per m.    4  22 1-3  67    6  17  84   WROUGHT NAILS AND BRADS.   6d  13  14 per lb.    8  12 1-2  13 1-3    10  12  13    12  11 1-2  12 1-2    20  11  12    30  11  12   Spikes of all sizes same price as 30d. nails. Broad and narrow Axes, Hatchets, Hoes, Plough Shares and Coulters, Hinges, Wedges, Hammers, Fenders, Traces and Stretchers, Tin Ware, &c. &c.
Boots and Shoes. Fair tops, back straps, $9 Ditto 8 Suwarrows, 7 Half Boots, 5 Plantation and light fine shoes, 10s 6 a 12s Do. second & third qualities, 7s 6 a 9s Negro shoes (strong) 6s a 7s Girls do. 4s a 4s Boys do. 3s 9 a 6s 6 Children's shoecees, 3s a 4s 6 Fire Buckets $4 a $5 per pair Bridles, Surcingles, Whip thongs, Spur leathers, Hame strings, Back Bands, Leading, Garden, Hambro and Fishing lines. Any of the above articles made to orders left at the Penitentiary Store, second door above the Eagle Tavern. D. J. BURR April 26, 1808. (2aw1m1awtf) The Shoes are reduced much below the former price.
A New Novel, JUST RECEIVED AT S. PLEASANTS' BOOK STORE. CORINNA, OR ITALY; A New Novel, by Mad. De Stael Holstein, in 2 vols.