The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1807-05-12 00:00:00

The Enquirer
PUBLISHED BY THOMAS RITCHIE, OPPOSITE THE POST-OFFICE...AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM... (PAYABLE IN ADVANCE.)
NUMBER 1.]
RICHMOND, TUESDAY MORNING, MAY 12, 1807.
[VOLUME 4.]
VIRGINIA BANK STOCK
 Richmond Prices Current.  TOBACCO, 1 : : : : D. C. 5 to 7 00  WHEAT, NEW, : : : : 1 8 1 00  FLOUR—SUPERFINE, NEW, : : : 6 00 6 00  FINES, : : : : 5 50 5 50  CORN, PER BARREL, : : : : 4 50 4 50  BACON PER LB. : : : : 16 16  BAR IRON—PER TON, : : : 110 to 120 110 to 120  HEMP—PER TON, : : : : 200 to 210 200 to 210  WHISKEY—PER GALLON, : : : 54 54 
PUBLIC SALES.
By virtue of a Deed executed by David Ross, on the 28th day of November 1804, to the Subscribers in trust to secure the payment of a debt therein mentioned, and by virtue of another Deed executed also by the said David Ross, on the 14th day of August last, also a trust to the Subscribers, to secure the payment of sundry debts therein mentioned.  Will be sold for ready money, at the front door of the Eagle Tavern in the city of Richmond, between the hours of 12 and 3 o'clock, on Thursday the 23rd day of next month, (May.)
A CERTAIN TRACT OF LAND in the county of Chesterfield, commonly called Chester Hill, together with the Lands appertaining thereto, as a part of a certain adjoining Tract of Land called Auburn Chase, containing in all by estimation six hundred and forty-five acres, be the same more or less; also the residue of a Tract of Land and appurtenances in the county of Goochland, containing originally by estimation seventeen hundred acres, but now about a thousand acres, a part of it having already been sold under the Deed of Trust, bearing date the 28th of November 1804, referred to above, and bounded by the Byrd Creek, Elk Hill, Jones River, &c. being the residue of the Land purchased by the said David Ross from Wm. Anderson, executor of John Smith.  Also—The following real estates in the Town of Columbia, to wit: all that piece and parcel of ground known under the title and name of the Rixanna Tobacco Warehouse, with all the buildings thereon, covering nearly an acre of ground; the House and Lot adjoining which for many years has been in the occupancy of John Dunn; the Lot and Houses known as the old Tavern in the said Town, and now the residence of Wm. Packer; the Lot and half Lot with the Store and Lumber House, lately occupied by Mr. John Forbes merchant; the Lot, Houses and Tan Yard, with one acre of ground belonging thereto, now occupied by the widow Strother, with all the rights, privileges and appurtenances to each and every one of the said Lots belonging; Also a certain Tract or parcel of Land on the great Byrd Creek, purchased from Tandy Holleman and Henry Tuggles, containing about four hundred acres, be the same more or less.  WILSON ALLAN, } Trustees. E. W. ROOTES, } April 21.
NOTICE.
FOREWARN all persons from purchasing the manifests for two Hhds. of Tobacco, shipped from Randolph's Warehouse, North Milton, in March last. The above Tobacco was sold under an execution, by the Sheriff of Albemarle county.  I. D. No. 5, 163, 237, 112, 125, 126.  THOMAS JOHNSON. May 8.
NOTICE.
In Pursuance of a Deed of Trust, bearing date the 14th day of August, 1806—between Andrew Lewis, of the county of Montgomery, of the first part, James Beale, of the City of Richmond, Merchant, of the second part, and myself of the third part, (said last having expired from the 15th day of February, 1807.) I shall expose, or cause to be exposed, to sale, for ready money, at PUBLIC AUCTION, at the Eagle Tavern in the city of Richmond—  ONE TRACT OF LAND, in the county of Kennebec, called Lewis's Salt Rock, now under lease to Abraham Treadwell, and the patented land, including the same, under the name of the Salt Rock Bottom; and also two TRACTS OF LAND, in the county of Botetourt on Back-creek, which embraces itself into Roanoke river, containing about five hundred acres, and presented by the said Andrew Lewis, one from John Brown, and the other from Abraham Pickens, on one of which, is a valuable Grist Mill; and also one half of the Coppermine Tract of Land, in the county of Montgomery, on the west fork of the Little river, known by the name of Shelton's Coppermine; and also, one Tract of Land, in the county of Albemarle, containing about one hundred and thirty five acres, formerly the property of David Wade; for the purpose of raising a sum of money, sufficient to discharge and pay to the said James Beale, the sum of four thousand and fifty-nine dollars, and ninety-three cents, with interest from the said 15th day of February, 1807, and all costs and expenses attending the said sale. Deeds will be made to the purchasers in conformity with the said Deed of trust. The sale will take place on the 25th day of May, 1807.  FRANCIS FOLLET. April 28.
Richmond, 14 May, 1807.
THE Co-Partnership of John St. John & Co. is this day dissolved by mutual consent. The business will in future be carried on by John St. John, who is duly authorised to settle the transactions of the late concern.  JOHN ST. JOHN, PETER TOLL.
TO BE RENTED.
FOR A TERM OF YEARS, MY HOUSES and LOTS, situated in a most agreeable part of the city; also the BREWERY belonging to me, with the LOT upon which it stands, together with the COOPER'S SHOP, and the adjoining LOT, and the HOUSE and LOT, upon which is the Spring that supplies the Brewery, if either or both are required. The situation of my property, consisting of seven half acre Lots, with the improvements, four of which are in one square, is well known to the citizens of this place, but it may not be improper, to inform those at a distance, that it combines advantages, which few or none in the city possess. The works of the Brewery are in good order, and the Malt, Kiln and Mill are equal to any in the United States. There being no other Brewery in this part of the State, it is an object worthy the attention of any person inclined to prosecute the making and brewing business to advantage. Some valuable Coopers, a Drayman and Maltster, and several excellent House servants may be hired along with the other property. Possession of the Dwelling Houses and Lots may be obtained on a short notice, and of the Brewery, Houses and Lots attached to it, on or before the first day of September next.  Wm. HAY. April 24.
FOR SALE.
20 Hhds Northern Rum, 20 Tierces prime Green Coffee, 20 Hhds Loaf & Lump Sugar, 15 Hhds Brown ditto, 20 Boxes of Cotton & Wool Cards, 20 Boxes Chocolate, 10 Kegs of Raisins, 15 Crates New-York Stone Ware, 5 Bales India Cottons & Checks, 3 Piques Holland Gin, 2 Pipes Cognac Brandy, 1000 Pair Men's fine & coarse Shoes, 500 pr Ladies Morocco Slippers, 800 pr do. Leather do. 300 pr Ladies Kid do. 50 Casks of Stone Lime, 20 Boxes Brown Soap, 5 Ton Sweeney's Iron, Cut Nails, Pepper, Paper, &c. &c. Terms liberal.  HENRY HOVEY, April 23.
EXACT PROFILE LIKENESSES
TAKEN at the office lately occupied by George Tucker, Esq. a little above the Swan Tavern, in the main-street, on the Capitol Hill.—Also, all kinds of Looking Glass, and Picture Frames, Germandre's, Window Cornices, &c. made neatly, ornamented and gilt, in burnished Gold, by  J. B. ANDERSON. May 5.
TO LET OR LEASE.
A Mr. James Lynch; it is allowed to be as good a stand for that business as any in this city, being in the centre of the town, and near the Market-House. There are three forges in good order, a dwelling-house and kitchen in good repair. The Subscribers would rent the shop alone. None need apply but those that can be recommended; the rent shall be reasonable and every encouragement given by,  WILLIAM DAVIDSON. April 24.
FOR SALE.
By BREAM & FOLLET, At the Sign of the ANVIL:  15 Barrels Liver Oil, 50 Casks F. Gun-Powder, 2 Tons Patent Shot, 40 Boxes Tin-Plates, 2000 wt. German Steel, Heart & Club, 100 Casks Cut-Nails and Brads, Window-Glass, 10 by 8, & 20 by 14, 20 doz Spades and Shovels. A general assortment of Ironmongery.  April 24.
JUST RECEIVED,
At the Jewellery Store, A GENERAL assortment of Swords, Belts, Epaulettes, Plumes and Cockades; also Drums and Fifes.  ENOCH SULLIVAN. May 1.
THE SUBSCRIBERS,
Having taken a House a few doors below the Bell-Tavern, offers For Sale, under the firm of WHITE & SHELTON, A GENERAL assortment of GROCERIES, which they will dispose of on very moderate terms, for Cash, Country produce, or approved paper.  ISAAC WHITE, JOHN S. SHELTON. December 23.
TO RENT.
THE TENEMENT lately occupied by Mrs. Whitaker, in an agreeable retired situation and very convenient for a family.  Wm. M'KIM. Richmond, March 6.
RICHMOND TURNPIKE COMPANY.
IN pursuance of a resolution of the Board of Directors for the said Company, will be held at Auction, at the Eagle Tavern, on Saturday the 30th of next month, all SHARES of delinquent Stockholders in the said company.  N. SHEPPARD Treasurer. April 17.
WASHINGTON TAVERN!
ODEN & MOORE have taken the WASHINGTON TAVERN, adjoining the Capitol Square, lately occupied by Edward Hallam. At considerable expense, they have provided themselves with excellent accommodations for their friends, and invite their and the public patronage. They are determined to keep as good a table and as genteel an inn as any in Richmond.—Furnished ROOMS, adjoining the Tavern, and every necessary attendance, for families travelling.—Both the Co-Partners having been well-versed in this business, flatter themselves with the expectation of rendering general satisfaction.  Richmond, February 17.
Drumming.
IN ALL ITS VARIETY, EXECUTED AT THE OFFICE OF THE ENQUIRER.
Europe.
FROM THE PARIS ARGUS.
SOME OBSERVATIONS ON POLAND.
The progress of historical geography forms one of the essential traits of civilization. While the Swedes and Norwegians have made known the topography even of Lapland, the inhabitants of the fertile plains watered by the Vistula and Borysthenes, have furnished feeble materials for the description of their country. The rapid sketches of Cromer and Guazzi, are agreeably written; the sketch equally curious, given by Scarvolli, is very exact; but these descriptions are now so superannuated, that we can only make use of them, with great precaution. Samiecki and Opacinski appear to have had more enthusiasm than knowledge, more erudition than judgment. Celiarius, a German author, has given in Latin, a well made extract of these authors, and of many others not known out of Poland. Another German, Ertel, has drawn up an excellent physical and medical topography of Warsaw. Buching has also collected other information with that patience and judgment for which he is so well known; but it is combined with that dryness of detail, which renders it impossible to read his works. Besides, he has altogether neglected the physical description.
Caroli, Teber and Haquet, at length made us acquainted with some parts of the Polish mineralogy. The first of these alone is a native of the country. It is in like manner a German, Schober, who has given us the best description extant, of the mines of Bochnia and Wieliczka, of which he was manager. Guettard, of the academy of sciences, has frequently been led aside by his bad method of observation, but we are, however, indebted to him for the only good general view of Poland. The Prince Alexander Sapieha has promised us another, which will no doubt be better. The Poles have named to me two new geographers of their country; one of Wirtz, the other of Szarkowski; they would do well to translate them into French or Latin. The last works which have appeared on Poland, are those of Stroenfee, the Prussian minister of finances; Lefontaine, a physician, and French refugee; Jolliner and other German travellers.
It is by comparing these relations and several others too long to be enumerated in this place, that I flatter myself with drawing up a new statement of Poland. I will, in the mean while, separate from it some traits which may, at the present moment, interest the political world.
Buching calculated that Poland had, before its dismemberment, a population of eight or nine millions of souls; and after the partition in 1772, at only five or six millions (edit. of 1791, vol. 11. part 2, page 134) this he has asserted after the Polish authors who, by souls, meant only peasants or serfs.
The three courts of Vienna, Petersburg and Berlin, at the time of the first share partition of Poland, adopted certain geographical bases, in order to establish in their acquisitions a proportion on which they were agreed. These bases were published in the official and semi-official Russian and Prussian gazettes; they were admitted into works published by the ministers and statesmen of those nations, and followed in the tax registers for the Ex-Polish provinces. In conformity to these bases, Russia had for her share 23,247 square leagues, and 23,247 square leagues, and 5,764,998 inhabitants; Austria 22,296 square leagues, and 3,600,000 inhabitants; Prussia 6,707 square leagues, and 2,296,289 inhabitants. Thus Poland had before the year 1772, from 11 to 13 millions of inhabitants.
But it was soon perceived that the three partitioning courts had given proofs of no great exactness, they even endeavoured perhaps to deceive each other mutually.   Austria published, about three years since, an official census, which carried the whole number of the inhabitants of Galicia to 4,621,845. Two hundred thousand must be deducted for the Bukowine, a district taken from the Turks; the rest comes from Poland. At Vienna, it is pretended that this augmentation of the population is due to the wisdom of government.    Prussia has officially acknowledged a population of 1,387,800 individuals in that part of her dominions called Southern Prussia, instead of 1,136,389 as stated in the partition treaty. The other ex-Polish provinces have in like manner afforded more inhabitants; but the census are not yet exactly known; they must carry the population of Poland to 3 millions of inhabitants.   A mass of the Russian frontier, published with the express approbation of the Russian government, contains a detailed note, from which it appears that this power gained, by the first partition, 1,226,966 subjects; by the second 3,745,663; by the pretended voluntary submission of Courland, 397,910, and by the third partition, 1,497,402; which gives a population of 6,767,935 souls for Russian Poland.    On summing up all the official data and all the accredited estimates, I find that Poland contained before the year 1772, a population of 14,489,798 individuals.    The climate of Poland presents striking singularities. The winters there are sometimes more rigorous than those of Sweden. In 1654, a sudden frost blighted all the corn, on Whit-Sunday. In the year 974, according to Dlugossi, all the rivers were frozen over, from the spring equinox. The inhabitants went on horseback, along the frozen Baltic from Danzick to Lubec. At other times, the winter months present the phenomena of a second vegetation. In 1568, at Danzick, all the rose trees were seen in bloom towards the end of October; the same thing occurred in 1588, in the month of Dec. In 1699, the mildness of the winter made several swallows of bees fly forth.—Kwialowicz, the historian of Lithuania, gives a detailed description of the winters of 1414 and of 1492; under the 25th degree of latitude, the fields were seen covered with daisies in the month of Jan.; the cabbage came to ahead; the corn shot up and formed ears; the birds warbled their harmonious notes and built their nests. The month of March brought back the most severe weather. In a single night the whole riches of this forward summer were annihilated; and in the course of the year, exhausted nature was unable to produce them anew.    The Polish meteorology presents other curious phenomena. The king Udastratus Jagellon appears to have been once enveloped in an electric cloud, as was Mr. Saussure in our days.   IN CINCINNATI.   In King William County Court, March 24th, 1807. Edward Watson, Compt. against Thomas Reeves, (an absent debtor) & John Temple, Defs.  THIS day, came the Complainant by his Counsel, and the deft. Thomas Reeves, not having entered his appearance, and given security, according to the act of Assembly, and the rules of this court; and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court, that he is not an inhabitant of this country; on the motion of the Complainant, it is ordered, that the said Deft. Thomas Reeves, do appear here, on the fourth day of the May term next, and answer the bill of the Complainant, and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in some newspaper, printed in the city of Richmond, for two months successively, and another copy posted at the front door of the court house, of this county. And it is further ordered, that the Deft. John Temple do not pay, convey away, or secrete any debts by him owing to the other Deft. Thomas Reeves, until the further order or decree of this court.  A Copy. Tell. ROBERT POLLARD, c. c. March 27. eptm.   Sales at Auction.   THE PARTNERSHIP OF GILLIAT & KIRBY, BY MUTUAL CONSENT, CONTINUED UNTIL THE 20TH OF NEXT MONTH, (MAY,) AND WILL DISSOLVE ON THAT DAY; ON WHICH DAY, WILL COMMENCE, A SALE AT AUCTION:    OF all their STOCK OF GOODS, on hand, and will continue from day to day until all is sold. The terms of sale will be as follows: Cash for all sums under one hundred dollars; Six months credit for all sums above one hundred dollars, and under five hundred dollars; & six and twelve months credit for all sums above five hundred dollars; Negotiable Notes, with approved endorser, will be required of the purchasers. And on the 25th May, will be sold at auction, all that TENEMENT, on the Main Street of this City, where the Store of GILLIAT & KIRBY is now kept; for this Tenement, a credit of six and twelve months will be allowed the purchaser, securing Negotiable Notes with approved endorser; and also a Deed of Trust on the property, to secure the purchase money; no one will be taken as an endorser of a note, unless they reside in Richmond or Manchester. And it is the wish of GILLIAT & KIRBY to have the affairs of that firm brought to a close as early as possible; all persons indebted to the firm by open account, are requested to come forward and settle their accounts, pay the balances due from them, or execute bonds for their balances; and it is hoped that all debtors to the firm will make speedy payment. The Stock of GOODS on hand, will continue to be sold at private sale, at reduced prices, wholesale and retail, until the 20th May—For  JOHN GILLIAT & deft. THOMAS GILLIAT, JAMES KIRBY, deft. May 1.   Sales at Auction.   Will be sold, on the premises, by the subscribers, on Wednesday the 20th of May next, at 11 o'clock, convenient two story BRICK HOUSE, on Shockey Hill, near the lots of Mr. Robert Corson, together with a half acre LOT, very well enclosed, and on which Lot, there is a well of fine water. Terms of sale, 6, 12 and 18 months, for approved endorsed negotiable notes, and a deed of trust on the property, to secure the punctual payment of the same.  PROSSER & MONCURE, Venture-Masters. April 23.   An Ordinance concerning the Taxes for the City of Richmond, for the year One Thousand Eight Hundred and Six.   (PASSED 30TH APRIL, 1807.) WHEREAS, it is represented, to the President and Common Council, of the city of Richmond, in Common-Hall assembled, that there will be a considerable deficiency in the funds provided by an Ordinance of the Common Council of the said city—passed on the 17th day of March, 1806, for supporting the expenses of the Corporation, for the present year, for remedy whereof,    BE IT ORDAINED, by the President and Common Council of the city of Richmond, in Common Hall assembled, and it hereby Ordained by the authority of the same, that there shall be paid and collected, the full amount of the taxes directed to be assessed and collected by the Ordinance, entitled "An Ordinance laying taxes for the year 1806, and for enforcing the payment thereof," according to the return made by the Auditor for the year 1806—any thing in the Ordinance, entitled "An Ordinance, for the more speedy collection and payment of part of the taxes imposed for the year 1806," to the contrary notwithstanding.    AND BE IT FURTHER ORDAINED, by the authority aforesaid, that in addition to the said taxes, so as aforesaid directed to be paid and collected, there shall be paid and collected thirty-three and one third per centum, on the whole of the said taxes, which additional taxes shall be collected and accounted for in the same manner, and under the same regulations as are laid down and prescribed by the first recited Ordinance.  A Copy. Tell. N. SHEPPARD, c. c. n. May 5, 1807. eptm.   NOTICE.   ALL persons having claims against the estate of John Pendleton, esq. late of the City of Richmond, deceased, are requested to exhibit them to either of the subscribers as speedily as possible.  GEO. PICKETT, ROBERT POLLARD, CHS. JOHNSTON, N. SHEPPARD, Administrators. November 13. 16.   LOTS FOR SALE.   On Tuesday the 9th day of June next, at ten o'clock in the forenoon, on the premises, will be sold at public auction, SIXTEEN half acre LOTS, situate on the north side of Bacon-Quarter Branch, in or adjoining the city of Richmond, denoted and known by the survey made by Richard Young for Wm. Duvall, by the Nos. 311, 312, 321, 322, 319, 320, 313, 314, 293, 294, 296, 297, 298, 299, 300, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330, 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 336, 337, 338, 339, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 345, 346, 347, 348, 349, 350, 351, 352, 353, 354, 355, 356, 357, 358, 359, 360, 361, 362, 363, 364, 365, 366, 367, 368, 369, 370, 371, 372, 373, 374, 375, 376, 377, 378, 379, 380, 381, 382, 383, 384, 385, 386, 387, 388, 389, 390, 391, 392, 393, 394, 395, 396, 397, 398, 399, 400, 401, 402, 403, 404, 405, 406, 407, 408, 409, 410, 411, 412, 413, 414, 415, 416, 417, 418, 419, 420, 421, 422, 423, 424, 425, 426, 427, 428, 429, 430, 431, 432, 433, 434, 435, 436, 437, 438, 439, 440, 441, 442, 443, 444, 445, 446, 447, 448, 449, 450, 451, 452, 453, 454, 455, 456, 457, 458, 459, 460, 461, 462, 463, 464, 465, 466, 467, 468, 469, 470, 471, 472, 473, 474, 475, 476, 477, 478, 479, 480, 481, 482, 483, 484, 485, 486, 487, 488, 489, 490, 491, 492, 493, 494, 495, 496, 497, 498, 499, 500, 501, 502, 503, 504, 505, 506, 507, 508, 509, 510, 511, 512, 513, 514, 515, 516, 517, 518, 519, 520, 521, 522, 523, 524, 525, 526, 527, 528, 529, 530, 531, 532, 533, 534, 535, 536, 537, 538, 539, 540, 541, 542, 543, 544, 545, 546, 547, 548, 549, 550, 551, 552, 553, 554, 555, 556, 557, 558, 559, 560, 561, 562, 563, 564, 565, 566, 567, 568, 569, 570, 571, 572, 573, 574, 575, 576, 577, 578, 579, 580, 581, 582, 583, 584, 585, 586, 587, 588, 589, 590, 591, 592, 593, 594, 595, 596, 597, 598, 599, 600, 601, 602, 603, 604, 605, 606, 607, 608, 609, 610, 611, 612, 613, 614, 615, 616, 617, 618, 619, 620, 621, 622, 623, 624, 625, 626, 627, 628, 629, 630, 631, 632, 633, 634, 635, 636, 637, 638, 639, 640, 641, 642, 643, 644, 645, 646, 647, 648, 649, 650, 651, 652, 653, 654, 655, 656, 657, 658, 659, 660, 661, 66262, 663, 664, 665, 666, 667, 668, 669, 670, 671, 672, 673, 674, 675, 676, 677, 678, 679, 680, 681, 682, 683, 684, 685, 686, 687, 688, 689, 690, 691, 692, 693, 694, 695, 696, 697, 698, 699, 700, 701, 702, 703, 704, 705, 706, 707, 708, 709, 710, 711, 712, 713, 714, 715, 716, 717, 718, 719, 720, 721, 722, 723, 724, 725, 726, 727, 728, 729, 730, 731, 732, 733, 734, 735, 736, 737, 738, 739, 740, 741, 742, 743, 744, 745, 746, 747, 748, 749, 750, 751, 752, 753, 754, 755, 756, 757, 758, 759, 760, 761, 762, 763, 764, 765, 766, 767, 768, 769, 770, 771, 772, 773, 774, 775, 776, 777, 778, 779, 780, 781, 782, 783, 784, 785, 786, 787, 788, 789, 790, 791, 792, 793, 794, 795, 796, 797, 798, 799, 800, 801, 802, 803, 804, 805, 806, 807, 808, 809, 810, 811, 812, 813, 814, 815, 816,

So extensive a country as Poland, naturally presents great differences in its soil and productions. From the immense sandy plains of Lithuania to the summits of the Carpathian mountains, what a gradation! What shades! The centre even of the country, or Poland, presents in the spring, a vast marsh, or rather a lake, the waters of which discharge themselves on one side into the Baltic by the Niemen, and on the other into the Black Sea by the Borysthenes. Nature has herself pointed out this region as fit to furnish a communication between the Baltic and Black Seas. Several canals have been projected and even executed; but no late intelligence of a very recent date has been received concerning the state of these works. The unfortunate partition has besides deprived these communications of a great part of their utility; the respective custom houses intercepting in a great measure the interior trade of the country.
Russia has caused a canal to be dug in her Polish provinces, uniting the Dwina to the Beresina, which runs into the Borysthenes. Notwithstanding these artificial communications, it will be at all times necessary for Poland to be mistress not only of the harbours of Dantzick and Revel, but also of Odessa and Cherson. Podolia and Wolhynia will always export their corn most advantageously by the Black Sea. It was by that means, that King Leucon furnished such an abundance of provisions to the Athenians. It was by Akernau, or Bilogorod, that King Udalridus Jagellon sent corn to Constantinople and Cyprus. The Venetians requested King Sigismund to permit them to reopen this commercial route, according to Smirnicki (see his Annals of Poland). The details which Mr. Malckenfki, a Pole, and Mr. d'Arthoine, a Frenchman, have given on the modern renewal of this trade, are to be found in every geography.
MALTE BRUN.
BOSTON, April 27.
CHANGE OF BRITISH MINISTERS.
The Liverpool Chronicle , of the 25th March, contains the following Remarks on the difference which has lately arisen between his Britannic Majesty, and the Members of his Cabinet:
"A more distressing case with respect to the Administration of the Executive Power of the country has not in the present age occurred, than the present difference between his Majesty and his confidential servants. The critical state of Europe in general, the situation of the United Kingdom in particular, stretched and strained as it is by a most cumbrous load of taxation, and the acknowledged abilities of the men, who still superintend our national affairs, render their dismissal from office a subject of painful reflection. We more than once felt it our duty, more peculiarly as it related to the Income Tax, to censure the line of conduct pursued by Ministers, but we have also had occasion to praise their firmness and philanthropy. Where they most erred was evidently in a compliance with the personal feelings of the Royal Family, we mean the unconstitutional doctrine of the identity of the miserable Electorate of Hanover with the Imperial Crown of Great-Britain, and the increased establishment of the younger branches of the King's Family, at a moment when these branches who had more at stake than any other of our fellow subjects, should have suffered every possible privation rather than to have added, by any portion, however trifling, to the extreme sacrifices made by the country. Yet, with these imperfections, the Ministers towered above their opponents to very much in capacity and in public estimation, that we thought it not probable that any administration, composed either of those who differed in sentiments from them, or of others who were indifferent spectators of the political events of the day, could be formed to their exclusion. The King, however, has otherwise determined, and we shall soon have an administration to which, we fear, neither their countrymen nor foreign states, will look with respect or confidence."
The Duke of Portland is now said to be Prime Minister, although the business is transacted by others. His Grace's political life is in the recollection of all who have witnessed or read the public transactions of the last twenty-five years. Upon what his claims to pre-eminence are founded, it would be difficult to determine. He stands alone, and to say the best of him, he is little better than an index pointing to what is past, or reviving what is almost forgotten. Who are to be his associates, we do not at present know; a rumour is afloat, and as is very common at such times, lists of names have been given to the public by the different prints; and some go as far as to say, that the Prince of Wales has determined to give the new Ministry his support. Indeed Johnny Bull has a large throat and can swallow a great deal; but it must be considered as rather unkind in his managers, to attempt to try his ability in this particular division.
The country may probably be looking up to the wisdom of the Hawkesbury, the Castlereagh, and the Canning, the talents and tried integrity of the Melvilles, and the legal judgment of the Eldons, to direct her councils, and promote her happiness. The prerogative of the crown in the choice of Ministers is not to be questioned, but it will ever be the right of the people to judge of the virtue, the wisdom, and talents of those to whom the direction of public affairs is entrusted.
We confess we have still to learn why a difference of opinion, in matters of faith, should prevent the state from deriving advantage from the talents and exertions of persons of various religious persuasions; or deprive such individuals of the rights and privileges to which they are entitled, as members of civil society, independent of every other consideration. Why, weak, should Catholics and Dissenters be held in bondage by vile and degrading restrictions? In the practice of the moral virtues, it will hardly be denied, that they are at least as exemplary as their neighbours, and equally as devout in the exercises of their religion. They pay their taxes with as much cheerfulness as any other class of men in the nation; and to the support of the established church they contribute in an equal proportion with their own lots, have to pay for instruction they never receive, and support a lot of men appointed by the choice of others. But when these men claim their just rights as men, the cry of "the church is in danger," has been raised, as if the church could not rest securely but by having her foundations laid on the ruins of the civil rights of half the population of the united kingdom. The Dissenters and Catholics have had intentions imputed to them which they never desired; history and old mossy records have been searched to find something that might tend to vilify their character, and if nothing can be urged against those of the present day, the sins of their ancestors have been bound in bundles and loaded upon the backs of the children unto the third and fourth generation; but this conduct is as ungenerous as it is unjust. The observations of the late Lord Chatham deserve to be preferred to the end of time. When Dr. Drummond, arch-
bishop of York, in the debate of 1722, represented the Dissenters as men of close ambition, his Lordship replied "that whoever brought forward such charge, without proof, deserved. The Dissenters are represented as men of close ambition, they are so, my Lord, their ambition is to keep close to the college of fishermen, and to the doctrines of inspired Apostles, not to the decrees of interested and aspiring Bishops. Laws in support of ecclesiastical power are pleaded for, which it would shock humanity to execute. It is said that religious sects have done much mischief when they were not kept under restraints; but history affords no proof that sects have ever been mischievous when they were not oppressed and persecuted by the ruling church."
Viewing things in the same light with his lordship we rejoiced at the approach of circumstances that were well calculated to produce one of the greatest blessings with which this land has ever been favored, when it should be declared by the highest authority in the kingdom, that of Parliament, that every shackles of ignorance, or caprice, which our forefathers invented, to bind the conscience of men, was a disgrace to the christian religion, and inconsistent with the free principles of the British Constitution. But our hopes are in this frustrated, differences having arisen between his Majesty and the Cabinet on this subject. If the representations are correct, which have appeared in most of the London papers, we hesitate not to say, that, according to our ideas of the Constitution of this country, the King possesses no power to stop the progress of a bill in Parliament; he constitutes only the third branch of the legislature, and possesses constitutionally alone the power of assenting to, or dissenting from a law, after it has passed the two Houses of Parliament. We reverence the Constitution too highly to see it invaded with indifference, either by a Sovereign or his Minister; but upon this subject we shall not enlarge. We consider the representatives of the people, when in Parliament assembled, having once agreed to the first reading of a bill, they make themselves a party with the minister that proposed it, and are bound, in conformity with a proper sense of their own dignity, to reject all interference with their privileges, but what is allowed by the Constitution. It is true the King can dissolve the Parliament when he pleases, but he possesses no power to awe or control their proceedings.
We strongly suspect that his Majesty has been imposed upon by some persons, who, to gratify private and ambitious views, have made a very bad use of the King's ear and conscience, for we find that the first act of his Majesty's reign, was the Quebec act, by which the Catholic religion was legally established in that part of his Majesty's dominions. In 1778 and 1791 his Majesty was pleased to accept from the Catholics the tender of their fidelity and afforded them some relief. During the time that Corsica was a dependency on the crown of G. B. a civil constitution was established in it, similar to our own—but the Catholic religion was declared to be the sole religion of the country, and the Pope was even allowed a share in appointing to its Bishoprics, as they became vacant. If this was done out of respect to the greater number of the inhabitants being Catholics, surely the Catholics of our sister island, who are at least three fourths of its population, are entitled to every privilege enjoyed by their fellow citizens of the established church. If the established church be really in danger, it is not from the side of Catholics and Dissenters that danger is to be apprehended, but from the manners, the spirit, and conduct of those who call themselves the true sons of the church.
One thing we wish anxiously to impress on the minds of our readers, viz. to view this important question in all its bearings. The Dissenters are as much interested in it as the Catholic Dissenters . It has been the custom of former times to divide and conquer , to raise jealousies among the different bodies of religious professors, but men are now too enlightened to be the dupes of such artifices. It is as men they ask their rights, it is as men they are entitled to them.
At a time when all countries have either begun, or are beginning, to break the chains of intolerance, when Protestants are restored to their just rights in Catholic kingdoms, and Catholics in Protestant—even in a neighbouring country, where, under the despot Napoleon, men of all religion, whether Jews or Christians of every denomination, share alike in every privilege of a civil kind, although in that country the will of the Grande Monarque is law; and grave and consulting Senates bow to his nod. Shall England, who glories in being the genial parent and patroness of liberty, deny her Catholics and Dissenting citizens the benefits of a free Constitution, and remain the last persecuting nation in the christian world? Every generous Briton cries, No, No, No!
NORFOLK, May 6. From London papers received by the ship Dumfries , in 35 days from Liverpool, with London dates to the twenty-fifth of March, & Liverpool to the 26th:
LONDON, March 24. Four Hufum Mails arrived this morning, which bring Hamburg and Altona Papers to the 12th inst. No action of importance has taken place since the battle of Eylau. It appears some proposals for an Armistice for three weeks have been made, probably by the French, to which the Russians would not consent. These Papers confirm the accounts of a reinforcement of 40,000 men having joined the Russians, subsequent to the battle of the 16th. The headquarters of the French are, by this time, at Thorn; they are, however, represented as stretching from Elbing to Marienwerder, with their right on the Narew. It appears evident from these papers, that the Russians will not remain quiet behind the Pregel. They will again beat up the quarters of the Grand Army, in contempt and defiance of the threat contained in Bonaparte's late Proclamation.
It is expected that the Duke of Portland will be ready with his list to-morrow. The announcement of it may gratify curiosity, but it will not diminish the regret that is daily increasing, in consequence of the dismissal of the present ministers, to whom the nation looked up with increasing confidence, and in which it was fully justified by every act of their Administration, in which the conciliation of affections of the subjects, the propriety of the Empire, the dignity of the British character at home and abroad, were consulted, and the principles of justice and humanity recognized in the remotest regions of the Globe.
A very interesting conversation took place, last night, in the House of Commons, which was uncommonly full, in expectation that something would be said, on a subject in which the country is so deeply interested.
Mr. Dickenson put some questions to Lord Howick. Having alluded to the introduction of the bill in favor of Catholic Officers, he observed, that five days had now elapsed since the Noble Lord had signified his intention of not immediately moving for the second reading of that bill; adding, that he was not prepared to say when he should make such a motion. I
had been stated, that such delay was owing to certain circumstances, not convenient at the time to explain.—Mr. Dickenson wished to know if these circumstances continued to operate as an impediment to that explanation? Other reports warranted him on calling on the Noble Lord to answer to him and to that House, whether Ministers had been guilty of forcing upon the King a measure from which it was notorious, that his Majesty's scrupulous and conscientious mind had uniformly revolted? If Ministers had been guilty of such infraction, he was free to say, that in this respect they were not to be justified. He had another question to put to the Noble Lord. There were very prevalent rumours respecting a change in Administration, he wished to know how far these rumours were founded in truth?
On the most important of these questions Lord Howick observed, "the Hon. Gentleman had asked for explanation to a rumour, which, if true, must fix great culpability on his Majesty's Ministers. He wished to know whether the rumour was well founded, that Ministers wanted to force his majesty to the adoption of a measure which was directly contrary to the feelings of his conscience? To this he wished to make no other answer than by saying, that the day of explanation would come, and then he would give every satisfaction to the house."
With respect to the last question, Lord Howick answered, that although he had not yet received his majesty's commands to deliver up the Seals of the Office which he held, his majesty had sent for other persons, for the purpose of consulting with them upon the choice of other Ministers, and arranging the formation of a New Administration.
Thus Lord Howick has renewed the promise which he made a few days ago, that he would gratify the House with an explanation of the grounds on which ministers are to be dismissed. His prudence will dictate the proper day for that explanation:—he has, however, assured the House that it is not distant.
Omnium, in consequence of the increasing dismay on account of the Change in Administration, was this morning at par .
March 25. His Majesty, who was not expected in-town till this day, arrived yesterday afternoon, about 5 o'clock, as we mentioned in last night's Sun. Soon after his arrival at Buckingham house, the Duke of Portland and Lord Hawkesbury attended him, with a list of new Ministerial Arrangements, which are expected to receive the royal approbation this day. The following is given as the new arrangement, and is probably the most correct that has hitherto appeared.
First Lord of the Treasury, Duke of Portland. Lord Chancellor, Lord Elden. Secretary of State for the Foreign Department, Marquis Wellesley. Secretary of State for the Home Department, Lord Hawkesbury. Secretary of State for the War and Colonial Department, Lord Castlereagh. Chancellor of the Exchequer, Mr. Percival. First Lord of the Admiralty, Mr. Canning. President of the Council, Earl of Camden. Master General of the Ordnance, Earl Chatham. Lord Privy Seal, Earl of Westmoreland. President of the Board of Directors, Hon. R. S. Dundas. Attorney General, Sir Vickery Gibbs. Solicitor General, Mr. Plomer. Lords Chief Justices, Mulgrave, and the Duke of Montrose, it is expected, will also have seats in the Cabinet.
This day at noon, Lord Grenville and his colleagues, in obedience to a message from his Majesty yesterday evening, attended the Queen's house, and delivered to his Majesty their seals of office.
LIVERPOOL, March 26. Yesterday arrived here the American ship Ladona , Captain Aiden, in 32 days from New-York, having on board the following passengers, who are come to England as witnesses on the trial of Captain Whitty, of his Majesty's ship Leander , for the murder of PIERCE, viz. Captain Brewster, of an American revenue cutter, Jonathan L. Brewster, his son, Robert Mitchell and John White, pilots, and Capt. Pierce, brother of the deceased.
FROM HAMBURG AND ALTONA PAPERS.
Banks of the Elbe, March 9. —Accounts from Berlin and Copenhagen, have spoken of an armistice—this report is probably founded on the proposition which was made by one of the Belligerent powers: a proposition which has been rejected by the other. The armistice was to have been for three weeks, during which peace would have been negotiated.—The Russians received soon after the battle of Eylau a considerable reinforcement, estimated at 40,000 men; notwithstanding, from the day of that battle, nothing important has occurred, except that a regiment of cuirassiers suffered considerably from an attack on the part of the Cossacks; the operations of the French are greatly straitened by the want of provisions, and in consequence they are drawing towards the Vistula; it is pretended to be known at Berlin, that the head-quarters are already at Thorn; the French army is still stationed from Elbing to the frontiers of ai-devant Poland, and hold merely a communication with the corps which occupies the position of Warsaw and the Narew. If the Russian army maintains its situation on the Pregel, the country between that river and the Narew may soon become the theatre of new sanguinary conflicts. In the meanwhile the approach of the French army may decide the fate of Dantzick and Graudentz, against which the 4th corps is destined to act. According to accounts from St. Petersburg, 4 Russian Generals were killed or wounded at the Battle of Eylau; among the former is the chief of the Emperor's cuirassiers, M. Rogin; Major Gen. Barclay de Tolly was wounded in the arm. The battle which was fought on the 7th, at 3 in the afternoon, and was not over till the 8th, at 6 in the evening.
The corps which was formerly commanded by Gen. Buchowden, had joined that of Gen. Benningsen—several regiments had fired all their cartridges, and could only make use of the bayonet; a part of wounded Russians are at Königsberg.
The 28th of Jan, the Russians took near Graudentz a Prince Wirgenstein, and on the 27th ult. near Marienwerder, Gen. Fraulier, chief of a regiment of artillery.
(L'Académie de Nord, 10th March.)
TRANSLATIONS
From French papers, received at Boston. With respect to the battle of Eylau, the Warsaw Gazette of the 23d of February observes: "In the relations which the Prussians and Russians have given of the battle of Eylau, made no doubt with a view of re-animating the courage of the garrisons of Dantzick and Colberg, they themselves acknowledged that they have lost 20,000 men, and ten generals; but they boast of having taken the town of Eylau at the point of the bayonet. That assertion is false; the Emperor commanded there in person. The Russians attacked the town three times, and three times they were repulsed. The French troops have occupied constantly the town of Eylau."
On the 26th of February, a few French troops intercepted a Courier who was carrying
dispatches to Petersburg. Most of the intercepted letters speak of ruins in losses, and of the discouragement of the Russian army; but the following is particularly remarkable, dated at Braunberg, and directed to the Secretary of H. M. the Emperor of Russia.
"We continue our successes my friend: unforeseen circumstances have hindered us from pushing by the victory of Eylau, for the purpose of executing the grand plan we had formed of penetrating to Berlin, and thus cut off the French army; but we march again for the same object, and you will see by the date of my letter, that the French expect in vain to keep us behind the Pregel. How favourable our position would be to effect a junction with the English army, which is to come and join us by the Baltic. The season opposes it; but in the spring a formidable fleet will come and support our flanks, and gall those of the enemy. We have received a new assurance of it within a few days past. There is no need of my telling you that all these victories have been dearly bought. I have lost my brother Alexis: he died as a brave man, and I am comforted for it; but what afflicts me most, is to see our army so enfeebled, before the beginning of the campaign, that a great number of our battalions are reduced to 200 men."
"The French boast of having beaten Gen. Essen, at Ostrolenka; they even say that part of our army has not gained any honor; but we all know that it is only composed of recruits. All the fine regiments were at the noble battle of Eylau. I have taken good care not to communicate the contents of your last, by which you announce to me that there remain no more troops in Russia, and that henceforward we can only expect recruits that never fear a battle."
"But notwithstanding these precautions the spirits of the army begin to droop. Instead of the enthusiasm that our victories ought to excite, I see with sorrow the number of malcontents increase daily. The army dare account loudly enough the authors of the war of having sold the Russian blood for English gold: they pretend that our august sovereign is deceived; in short, they go so far as to demand peace. I have been assured that our generals, being frightened at this disposition, and at our losses, have deputed the Prince Bagration to take new orders. We have against us an able and enterprising general: we expect a vigorous and general attack, as soon as the season will permit it. But whatever be the event, you know your friend will do his duty, and die at his post if necessary. Endeavor to find an opportunity of laying at the feet of H. M. the assurance of my unlimited devotion. Farewell my friend—we hear the cannon—I shall write to you again in a few days."
(Signed) ASKOFF. There is scarcely a necessity for remarking, that the Grand Plan of which this letter speaks, has been totally deranged by the last victories of the Grand Army.— Boston Chron.
West-Indies.
MASSACRE AT ST. DOMINGO.
Captain Chase, who arrived at Boston on the 23d inst. in 21 days from Guadalupe, states that when he left there a report prevailed and was believed, that the blacks in St Domingo had murdered all the white and coloured people, including, among the former all the Americans.
NEW-YORK, May 5.
We learn by the gentlemen arrived last evening between St. Domingo and Port-au-Prince, that the first of April. It was expected the latter would gain the victory.
NEW-YORK, May 4.
Captain Thorp contradicts the report, which was in circulation here a few days ago, that Grenada had been burnt down. A fire had broke out there, but no other damage had been done than the destruction of the building in which it originated.
BOSTON, April 24.
Capt. Orcutt, arrived at Penobscot, from Dominique, which he left the 11th March, informs, that five sail of the line, with 3000 troops, had arrived there from G. B. and that Martinique and Guadalupe were considered in a state of blockade.
Recent accounts from Martinique say, that no American vessels had been taken, in consequence of the French blockading decree.
Domestic.
From the (N. Y.) Public Advertiser.
The following is the memorial [to which Mr. R. Saunders alludes in his letters which we published yesterday] of the unfortunate prisoners confined in the dungeons of Carthagena—The dupes of Anglo-Federal intrigue and British policy. However, we may lament the misfortunes of the sufferers, we must execrate the authors of this infamous expedition. To what a state of degradation and misery would they reduce their country, had they once more the power in their hands which they have lost!—Can any man doubt, that the armament was fitted out for the most dangerous and wicked purposes, designed to bring ruin and disgrace upon our government? We have the authority of Captain C. Barker's name for the authenticity of this memorial. Read it Americans—and shudder while you read.
MEMORIAL.
The memorial of twenty citizens of the U. S. of America, confined under sentences of slavery in the dominions of his Catholic Majesty the King of Spain, to the President, Senate and House of Representatives.
Sheweth that your memorialists are residents of the U. S. of America, and for the most part of the state and city of New-York, and are part of a number of men of the same description, who were brought from N. York in February last, in the ship Leander , Thomas Lewis, commander, under circumstances of treachery and imposition that your memorialists will proceed to explain. Of the ship Leander , Samuel G. Ogden, Esq. has been known for sometime as owner, and that vessel has always been employed by him in a forced trade, for which purpose he has been heavily armed, in consequence of which her warlike equipment when the last left N. York excited no suspicion on the part of the public in general, nor in the breasts of your memorialists, of any unfair or illicit transaction. Of the whole number of your memorialists, some were attached to the vessel, some were employed for military service, and others for the exercise of their ordinary occupations and trades. Those of the first description were shipped in the usual manner, on a
voyage to Jacmel and back to New-York, and the rest were engaged by Col. Wm. Smith, Mr. John Pink, Col. William Armstrong, and Mr. Daniel R. Durning, to proceed to New-Orleans, under the command of Mr. Armstrong and Mr. Durning, who had been appointed by government it was said, to carry thither a certain number of men as guards to the mails. Under the influence of these engagements, your memorialists embarked at Staten Island in the beginning of February last, and were carried immediately to sea.
Shortly after leaving the port it was discovered that General Miranda was on board, together with a number of persons not before known to your memorialists, who appeared in the character of officers, acting under his command. This discovery, as well as the development of the duplicity that had manifestly been employed in making known the destination of the vessel, bred immediate apprehensions and mistrust in a lesser degree at a period when retreat was no longer practicable. The ship proceeded on her voyage—in the neighborhood of Bermuda, was examined by his Britannic Majesty's frigate Cleopatra , Captain White, who suffered her to pass, notwithstanding the discovery that she was laden with arms and warlike stores, and arrived at Jacmel on the 19th of February, where she remained until the 27th of March following.
During this interval much discontent was occasioned among your memorialists, inasmuch as they now found themselves in a country, whither they had not undertaken nor expected to proceed; as they were compelled to exercise themselves in military duty, under the most arbitrary exercise of power on the part of Gen. Miranda, Col. Armstrong and Mr. Durning, prevented from writing to their friends in the U. States, and kept in ignorance as to the ultimate object of the coercion under which they suffered and the final destination of the vessel. The disgust and anxiety produced by this severity and compulsion occasioned some among your memorialists to attempt an escape to Port-au-Prince, or some other Port of St. Domingo, where they might receive assistance and protection from their countrymen: But the wariness and precaution of those into whose power they had been entrapped, had prepared such diligence in the patrols of the town, as rendered this effort abortive, and left them without resource against the misfortunes that awaited them. In Jacmel the Schooners Bee and Dacus of Philadelphia were employed to accompany the ship in her voyage. On board of these vessels your memorialists were obliged to embark, and left St. Domingo on the 27th March. After having touched at the island of Aruba for refreshment, the three vessels proceeded towards the coast of Terra Firma, between La Guaira and Porto Cabello, where they arrived on the 28th April and where the two Schooners in which your memorialists were embarked, (being deserted by the Leander having on board Gen. Miranda and others, who had been most active in effecting the measure already detailed) were captured by two Spanish cruisers and carried into Porto Cabello, where all those taken in those two vessels were proceeded against under a charge of piracy and portage of articles contraband of war, inasmuch as there were found on board the afore-mentioned vessels, muskets, sabres and many other offensive weapons which had been placed there without the aid, concurrence or voluntary act of your memorialists, in any manner whatever.
On the 12th of July, this process was closed by the Captain General of Caraccas, by a sentence condemning ten (who were considered to have been wilfully engaged) to death—nineteen to eight years slavery at Boca-Chica, a castle at the mouth of this harbour—fourteen to ten years slavery at Omoa in the province of Merida—and the remaining ten years imprisonment at the island of Porto Rico. The ten who received sentence of death were hanged and beheaded on the 21st of July, and your memorialists, together with their companions, sentenced to Boca-Chica, with others, who are prevented by sickness from joining in this memorial, and two who have died in consequence of severe confinement and want of food fit for their support, were soon after removed to this place, where they have been about three months. Your memorialists are in close confinement and in fetters, and will remain so until they are separated and removed to their respective stations at Omoa and Porto Rico.
Your memorialists predicate their right to claim the interference of government in their behalf, on the authenticity and veracity of the statement they have offered; and to establish these to your conviction, they beg that the undermentioned persons who are informed of the intrigue exercised by Col. Smith and others his associates, to the injury of your memorialists, may be examined on oath, viz. Mr. Daniel Kemper, of N. Y. whose son was executed; Col. Marinus Willet, of N. Y. Mr. Brinckerhoff, tavern-keeper, of N. Y. Mr. Wm. Rutledge, ship-jointer, of N. Y. Mr. Samuel Winship and Mr. Francis White, Butchers, of N. Y. And to authenticate the coercive measures under which your memorialists suffered at Jacmel, they beg you to be referred to Mr. James Baker, Mr. Wm. Irving, Captain Abbott, of the brig Charlesston Packet , Captain Walding, of Schooner Victory , all of Philadelphia, were there at the time; and if it be proved by the joint testimony of these persons, that the relation of your memorialists be worthy of credit, that they have been betrayed and entrapped by the cunning and engines of specious, needy and designing men, who still remain within the reach of the law, in situations to be made responsible in their persons for the confusion and misery they have created, surely the innocence of your memorialists will appear sufficiently manifest, and they will still be considered by the constituted authorities of their country, entitled to its protection and assistance. And your memorialists will ever pray, &c.
P. S.—In the sentence of your memorialists it was mentioned, that should the United States or any of their friends arrest and deliver up Miranda to the Spanish government, they should be all restored to liberty, and a reward of 30,000 dollars paid. Your memorialists have embraced several opportunities for the conveyance of this memorial to your honorable body, directed to gentlemen residing in Boston, New-York, Philadelphia and Baltimore.
PHILADELPHIA, April 20.
FROM THE AURORA.
BRITISH FISHERIES
AMERICAN FISHERIES.
The following article concerning British fisheries, we find in a British paper—the increase is attributed to their occupying so much more of the American market, than usual. "Owing to the encouragement given by government to the Newfoundland fisheries , it appears, that whereas, in the year 1805, 467 ships, 59,997 tons burthen, and 3214 men were employed in the export of its produce, there have been in the year 1806, 577 ships, 64,667 tons burthen, and 4396 men employed; making an increase to the shipping interests of Great-Britain."

tain, of 110 ships, 11,570 tons burthen, and 822 men, in this trade alone.
The British government has been under the necessity of opening the ports of the islands of Newfoundland to the vessels of the United States, in order to their supply with provisions...
The great quantity of fish imported into the U.S. from the British colonies to the eastward of the U.S. is a powerful evidence of the excessive liberality of our policy towards Great Britain...
Fish caught by American seamen is not permitted to be carried into Canada, Nova Scotia or Newfoundland, and if carried into any of those places would be liable to confiscation.
Britain admits no foreign fish to enter any other ports, under penalty of condemnation of ship and cargo; so jealous are they of their fisheries and seamen...
A Great Britain has laid excessive duties amounting to a total prohibition on American articles...
PHILADELPHIA, May 2. We understand that a warrant was issued by the chief justice, on the application of the governor's son Joseph B. McKean, on Thursday last, for the arrest of Dr. Leib...
May 5. COMMUNICATION. Thomas M'Kean, jun., was yesterday arrested upon a false warrant, issued by John Kelsler, Esq., upon the oath of Dr. Michael Leib...
BALTIMORE, May 2. REMARKABLE WHIRLWIND. On Wednesday last, about three o'clock, took place, the most tremendous hurricane or whirlwind ever experienced in this country.
The hurricane continued its course from thence northerly across the Falls of Gunpowder to Harford county...
May 5. A gentleman, resident in the upper part of Baltimore county has obligingly furnished us with the following account of the hail-storm on Wednesday last.
NORFOLK, May 4. The Wasp sloop of war, Captain Smith, is at anchor near Craney Island. It is said (and we give it only as report) that she is now only waiting for Mr. Purviance...
COMMUNICATION. Yesterday morning, about 8 o'clock, the east wing of the Marine Hospital of this port, was discovered to be on fire in the roof.
The collection of persons from Norfolk, Portsmouth, and the shipping, was now considerable. Their great exertions, without the aid of engines...
The invalids were removed to the late county court-house, where they can be accommodated until the necessary repairs are made.
We have been informed from respectable authority, that the progress of the fire would have been arrested much sooner, but for the conduct of the keeper of the toll-bridge...
TIT FOR TAT.—Capt. Thome, arrived at Salem, from Nantz, informs, that the brig Caroline, Adams, of Boston, from Lisbon, having been to England...
The brig Lovely-Lass, Spicer, of Philadelphia, from Nantz for Bordeaux, has returned to the Loire, with her register endorsed by a British cruiser...
The following paragraph appears in a Nantz Gazette, of the 2d of February, taken from a Paris paper:
We are assured, that the government of Spain and the United States, have actually come to a good understanding on all points which divided them...
The Enquirer
RICHMOND, 12th Mar.
BRITISH MINISTRY.—The Federal prints have taken advantage of the late change in the cabinet, to hurl their calumnies once more upon Mr. Jefferson...
Even admitting that Mr. J. could have been so much of a profligate as to have foreseen this early change of ministers...
But, say they, why did not Mr. J. "hit upon some method of retaining what was good in the British Treaty, instead of putting the whole negotiation afloat again...
In one opinion we agree with the Federalists; that from the lists published of the present ministry, they will be much less disposed to do us justice...
Portland—the hoary colleague of Pitt. Lord Eldon—the brother by principles as well as by blood or Sir W. Scott.
Castlereagh—the unnatural and unfeeling Irishman; the unrelenting persecutor, who hunted down the best blood of Ireland.
But unfortunately for us, we have other and more direct evidences seeming to explain the sinister views of these ministers in relation to ourselves.
In the debate before the House of Commons, of February 4th, respecting "Restrictions on the Trade of France by Neutral Vessels" Mr. Percival contended...
But unfortunately for us, we have other and more direct evidences seeming to explain the sinister views of these ministers in relation to ourselves.
But unfortunately for us, we have other and more direct evidences seeming to explain the sinister views of these ministers in relation to ourselves.
But unfortunately for us, we have other and more direct evidences seeming to explain the sinister views of these ministers in relation to ourselves.
But unfortunately for us, we have other and more direct evidences seeming to explain the sinister views of these ministers in relation to ourselves.
But unfortunately for us, we have other and more direct evidences seeming to explain the sinister views of these ministers in relation to ourselves.
But unfortunately for us, we have other and more direct evidences seeming to explain the sinister views of these ministers in relation to ourselves.
But unfortunately for us, we have other and more direct evidences seeming to explain the sinister views of these ministers in relation to ourselves.
not acted so weakly, upon the fear of offending neutrals; it was a motive of action which they could not allow." Again—"Or if the measures he alluded to were more efficacious, why were they not adopted?"
The Enquirer
RICHMOND, 12th Mar.
BRITISH MINISTRY.—The Federal prints have taken advantage of the late change in the cabinet, to hurl their calumnies once more upon Mr. Jefferson...
Even admitting that Mr. J. could have been so much of a profligate as to have foreseen this early change of ministers...
But, say they, why did not Mr. J. "hit upon some method of retaining what was good in the British Treaty, instead of putting the whole negotiation afloat again...
In one opinion we agree with the Federalists; that from the lists published of the present ministry, they will be much less disposed to do us justice...
Portland—the hoary colleague of Pitt. Lord Eldon—the brother by principles as well as by blood or Sir W. Scott.
Castlereagh—the unnatural and unfeeling Irishman; the unrelenting persecutor, who hunted down the best blood of Ireland.
But unfortunately for us, we have other and more direct evidences seeming to explain the sinister views of these ministers in relation to ourselves.
In the debate before the House of Commons, of February 4th, respecting "Restrictions on the Trade of France by Neutral Vessels" Mr. Percival contended...
But unfortunately for us, we have other and more direct evidences seeming to explain the sinister views of these ministers in relation to ourselves.
But unfortunately for us, we have other and more direct evidences seeming to explain the sinister views of these ministers in relation to ourselves.
But unfortunately for us, we have other and more direct evidences seeming to explain the sinister views of these ministers in relation to ourselves.
But unfortunately for us, we have other and more direct evidences seeming to explain the sinister views of these ministers in relation to ourselves.
But unfortunately for us, we have other and more direct evidences seeming to explain the sinister views of these ministers in relation to ourselves.
But unfortunately for us, we have other and more direct evidences seeming to explain the sinister views of these ministers in relation to ourselves.
But unfortunately for us, we have other and more direct evidences seeming to explain the sinister views of these ministers in relation to ourselves.
It is its duty to "snuff the approach of tyranny in every guise" and to excite the attention and vigilance of the people.
Such of our delinquent subscribers, as are two years in arrears, shall have a reasonable time to remit their dues.
As several subscribers have complained of not regularly receiving their papers, it is but proper to observe that the fault is not in our office...
Richmond, May 12, 1807.
A report is now in circulation in this city—bro't by the Western Stage—that last Thursday evening Col. Burr passed through Staunton.
The Aurora asks, what has become of the "several hundred thousand dollar bills due" issued by col. Burr?
The New-York papers state from official returns the average Republican majority for the Assembly ticket in the city of New-York to be 421:
And Jones's majority to the Senate, in opposition to De Witt Clinton, to be 187. His whole vote 1787.
None but actual freeholders are permitted to vote for Governor and Senator. Hence the difference in the number of votes for the assembly ticket; and for Governor and Senator.
From the city of New-York, Queen's county and Orange county, Mr. Tompkins has a majority of 240 over Gov. Lewis.
In the counties of Richmond, Dutchess, Columbia, Greene, Albany, Rensselaer and Ulster, Gov. Lewis has a majority of 2011.
The Public Advertiser thinks that Mr. Tompkins will have a majority of 1400 from Suffolk.
The American Citizen asserts, that there is almost a certainty of Mr. Tompkins's election.
GENERAL JOHN SMITH, is re-elected to Congress.
CONGRESSIONAL ELECTION. Wm. A. Burwell and Matthew Clay, Esq's are re-elected without opposition. Gen. Jno. Smith is also re-elected.
DELEGATES RETURNED TO SERVE IN THE ENSUING GENERAL ASSEMBLY.
Augusta—Jacob Kinney, *Andrew Anderson. Bedford—Jabez Leftwich, Isaac Otey. Franklin—John Callaway, *Barrett. Greenbrier—Lima Mims, *Wm. Morrow.
Last Evening's Mail.
SALEM, May 2.
THE TURKISH WAR.
By captain William Cook, who arrived here on Wednesday night from Palermo in Sicily, we have some additional particulars respecting the new war which has been commenced between the Turks and the Russians...
But should even this measure be ineffectual, let us then go all len-gh. Let us cut off all trade with G. B. And if she should then proclaim war against us, let us wrap ourselves in our shell...
TO SUBSCRIBERS.
The present number commences the 4th Vol. of the ENQUIRER. How far it has answered the expectations, and deserved the support of its subscribers; we calmly submit to them.
Every profession has its outcasts. The Law has its pettifoggers. Physic has its Quacks: And the Press its disgraced by its illiterate and scurrilous Editors.
One of the first principles of our faith, is not to riot in the unnecessary massacre of private character.
The profession of an Editor is itself honorable, because it is useful.
ATTENTION!!! THE Officers, non-commissioned Officers and Privates of the 19th Regiment, are hereby notified, notified, that the Court of Enquiry for the first Battalion...
By order of the Lieut. Col. Commandant G. W. DIXON, Adjutant 19th Regt
Sales at Auction.
On Tuesday the 2d June next, at 10 o'clock in the forenoon will be held at public auction, at the late dwelling-house of Mr. James Currie, deceased, all his HOUSEHOLD & KITCHEN FURNITURE...
Sales at Auction.
Will be sold, privately, on Wednesday the 20th instant, at 11 o'clock, on the premises: A NEAT BRICK HOUSE & half acre LOT, known in Wm. Duvals plan by No. 40...
NOTICE.
Will be sold, at public auction, on Wednesday the 17th of June next, at the town of Ca Ira, in Cumberland County: THE personal property of the late Dr. Wm. Johnson...
Those who are indebted to the estate of Wm. Johnson, are requested to adjust their accounts, with Mr. Jno. Lockland, a merchant in Ca Ira, and to make payment to him...
TREASURY DEPARTMENT. WASHINGTON, April 23, 1807. Public notice is hereby given, In pursuance of a Resolution of the Commissioners of the Sinking Fund...
ALBERT GALLATIN, Secretary of the Treasury.
JOHN M'NEELY, Respectfully informs his friends and the public, that he has just received, by the Ship United States, Capt. Hardy, from Liverpool...
SADDLERY. CONSISTING of almost every article in the harness. Likewise Harness Mountains, Plated and Brass of different patterns...
SPRING GOODS.
THE Subscribers have just received from London and Liverpool, their usual supply of SPRING GOODS, which they will sell upon the most moderate terms...
JNO. & ROBT. GAMBLE, junr.
VALUABLE LOTS FOR SALE.
On WEDNESDAY the 10th of June next, will be held, at Auction, on the premises, of not previously disposed of at Private Sale, that beautiful SQUARE OF GROUND.
BELOING to Col. Quarrier, and now occupied by him. For the convenience of purchasers, it is divided into thirteen Lots, some of which are enclosed with dwelling houses...
A plan of the above property may be seen at the office of the subscribers, to whom, or to Colonel Quarrier, all persons desirous of purchasing at private sale, will apply.
TAYLOR & BROWN, Advs.
FOR SALE.
A TRACT of LAND in Hanover county, late of the residence of Wm. Sims, containing about 500 acres, within 15 miles of the city of Richmond...
LANEY JONES, Attorney in fact for Wm. Sims.

Miscellaneous.
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF FRANCE.
Count Rumford, has lately laid before this learned Society, an account of some curious and interesting experiments with observations on the adhesion of the particles of water to each other.
When the eye was placed lower than the surface of the water, and the sphere was observed by looking upwards through the glass, it appeared suspended in a kind of bag, a little below the level of the surface.
The experiments succeed equally well when oil is poured on the water instead of ether, but they will not answer with alcohol. In order to examine the kind of film which is formed at the surface of the water, the following experiment was made:
Upon examining with a good magnifier through the stratum of ether, the small bodies which were supported at the surface of the water, the existence of this pellicle could no longer be doubted;
Having left this small apparatus at repose in a quiet chamber until the stratum of ether was entirely evaporated, I examined it again with a magnifier.
With a view to render sensible the resistance which the pellicle of the interior surface of the stratum of water opposes to a solid body which passes through that stratum falling freely downwards, the following experiment was made.
To prove this fact in another manner, the experiment was varied by placing a stratum of ether immediately upon the mercury.
The very smallest spheres of mercury let fall through the liquid seldom failed to mix immediately with the mass of mercury on arriving at its surface.
The objects which are before our eyes from the earliest periods of our lives seldom employ our meditation, and not often our attention.
out surprise, immense masses of dust raised by the wind, and carried to great distances and at the same time we know that every particle of this powder is really a stone, almost three times as heavy as water.
In order to convince ourselves that the particles of water do strongly adhere to each other, and that they require to do so in order to prevent the greatest confusion in the universe, we need only figure to ourselves the inevitable consequences that would result from the want of such an adhesion.
The adhesion of the particles of water to each other is the cause of the preservation of that liquid in masses.
It has been found by a calculation, founded on facts which appear to be decisive, that a solid sphere of pure gold, of the diameter of one 800,000th of an inch, would be suspended in water by the effect of its viscosity.
From the Pennsylvania Correspondent.
RAISING OF SHEEP.
Mr. Editor, I was, lately, much pleased with seeing a wool-carding machine in operation.
The sheep house may be situated at the end of the barn, or at the leeward of some shelter; the back side and ends should be built of stone four feet high, and the length 30 or 40 by 10 feet wide.
COMFORT FOR AMERICANS.
Delamarche, the celebrated editor of the 'Journal de Physique', in Paris, has just published a volume 'on the perpetuity and degeneracy of organized beings'.
The new PLANET discovered by Mr. Harding, of Lilienthal, near Bremen, has given the name of Juno.
At the siege of Schweidnitz in Silesia in January, a shell thrown from the place, fell in the trenches near where a group of officers were standing.
A new bridge is ordered to be constructed across the Seine at Paris, opposite the Champ de Manoeuvres, it is ordered to be called the bridge of Jena.
THE CHILD OF SORROW'S TALE.
Deny, but do not taunt a maid Who never scorn with scorn repays;
And I have known the slanderer's tongue My fame with vile dishonor taint,
And I have known the youth I lov'd Retract the vows he swore to me,
And I have known the youth I lov'd Retract the vows he swore to me,
By Authority.
LAW OF THE UNITED STATES.
AN ACT
To extend the time for locating Virginia military warrants, for returning surveys thereon to the office of the Secretary of the department of war, and appropriating funds for the use of schools, in the Virginia military reservation, in lieu of those heretofore appropriated.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the officers and soldiers of the Virginia line on continental establishment, their heirs or assigns, entitled to bounty lands within the tract reserved by Virginia, between the little Miami and Scioto rivers, for satisfying the legal bounties to her officers and soldiers upon continental establishment,
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That the Secretary of the Treasury be, and he is hereby authorized to obtain copies of all the locations and surveys, which have been, or may be made within the above-mentioned tract, and to cause to be run or surveyed, as many straight lines across the same, as he may deem necessary, not exceeding three; and from those and such other documents as may be obtained, to cause to be made a general connected plat of all the lands surveyed and located within the same;
Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, That eighteen quarter townships and three sections, to be selected by the Secretary of the Treasury, by lot, in that tract of land in the state of Ohio, lately purchased from the Indians, and lying between the tract commonly called the United States' military tract, and the tract commonly called the Connecticut reserve, be and the same are hereby appropriated for the use of schools, in that tract of land in the state aforesaid, commonly called the 'Virginia military reservation,' and be vested in the legislature of that state, in trust for the use aforesaid, and for no other use, intent or purpose whatever;
NATHL. MACON, Speaker of the House of Representatives. GEO. CLINTON, Vice-President of the United States, and President of the Senate.
March 2, 1807. APPROVED, TH. JEFFERSON.
LOST OR MISLAID,
SOMETIME past, a BOND, executed by William Wilkinson, to the subscriber—the date and precise sum, I do not recollect; but I believe it was dated August, 1805—on demand.
PROPOSALS FOR CARRYING THE MAILS
OF THE UNITED STATES.
On the following Post Roads, will be received at the General Post Office in Washington, until the 1st day of July next, inclusive.
IN VIRGINIA. 202. From Randolph c.h. to Franklin, Va. once in two weeks. Leave Randolph c.h. every other Thursday at 6 A.M. and arrive at Franklin c.h. by 11 A.M.
NOTES.
1. The Post-master General may expedite the mails, and alter the times of arrival and departure at any time during the continuance of the contracts, he stipulating an adequate compensation for any extra expense that may be occasioned thereby.
GIDEON GRANGER, Post Master General.
General Post Office, Washington City, March 21, 1807. law 1st.
MILITARY LANDS
In the State of Ohio for Sale.
WHEREAS William Carter, late of the city of Richmond, commonly called Doctor William Carter, was, on the first day of August 1797, and at the time of his death, entitled by warrant or warrants for services as a Surgeon, in the service of the United States, to 4000 acres of such Lands, and made his testament and last will on the same day.
As acting Executor of the said Testament, hereby notify to the public, that a sale of the said Lands, will be made at the front door of the Eagle Tavern, in the city of Richmond, on Tuesday the 12th day of May next ensuing, at Public Auction, to the best bidder, for the most that can be gotten, in ready money, or notes, with approved endorser, negotiable, and payable at the Bank of Virginia, within 60 days of the day of sale, when satisfactory proof, relative to the title of Doctor Carter, will be exhibited by the subscriber, and when he will be ready to transfer the same, with a covenant of warranty against all his own acts tending to lessen or impair the fame.
CHARLES SPENCER, law 1st.
FOR SALE,
VALUABLE PROPERTY ON SHOCKOE HILL.
The subscriber will Sell, at PUBLIC AUCTION, in the City of Richmond, and on the premises—the following property, to-wit:—on the 1st day of June,
A CONVENIENT HOUSE and LOT, lately occupied by Moses Bates. A credit of one, two and three years will be given the purchaser. Each installment to bear interest from the day of sale. One personal security will be required, and a deed of trust on the of trust on the property, to secure the payments regularly as they become due.
DAVID DORRINGTON, law 1st.
ADVERTISEMENT.
I WISH to sell my PLANTATION in Powhatan county containing 940 acres, lying on Butterwood creek, one third of the said tract in woods, I suppose 150 acres of it is good creek low-grounds, the whole is well adapted to the culture of corn, wheat and tobacco, and the plantation in good order for cropping.
WILL BE EXPOSED FOR SALE,
Upon the premises, on the 18th day of May next, being Goodland County Court day: FORTY half acre LOTS of land, in a town to be called Madison, authorised by an act of the last General Assembly, upon the lands of the subscriber, adjoining Goodland Court-house.
W.M. BERKLEY, JOSIAH ELLIS, W.M. MANN, law 1st.
SCHOOL MASTERS WANTED.
IN consequence of the intended removal of the present TEACHER, from this place—a PERSON who can come well recommended, and upon examination, found qualified to instruct about twenty Pupils (boys) in the English, Latin and French languages, grammatically, with the principles of Geography, Writing and Arithmetic—will meet with very liberal encouragement: and the prospect of future permanent establishment. It is probable that the number of Pupils, might be increased, but, in that case, an assistant Teacher will be necessary.
ALSO, A SCHOOL MISTRESS,
Who can come well recommended, and upon examination, found qualified to take charge of about fifteen Girls—will meet with equal encouragement and the same prospects, of future permanent establishment. ANDW. NICOLSON, JOSEPH C. BROWN, ARCHD. FREELAND, law 1st.
NOTICE.
ALL those who have claims against the estate of WILLIAM WINOGE, dec'd, of King William county, are requested to bring them in properly authenticated, before the first of August next, at which time the administration of said estate will be closed.
TO RENT,
THAT valuable TENEMENT of the late Mr. Jacob Boekus, and now occupied by the Subscriber situated on the Main Street of this city, between the Capitol and Basin of the canal, its conveniences are superior to any other in this place. A large Curying Shop, Cellar and drying loft, a spacious Bark House, two Bark Mills and Houses, a Beam House and every other requisite for the tanning of from 2 to 3000 hides a year, exclusive of skins: Also on the same tenement a convenient DWELLING HOUSE, Kitchen, Smoke House, Stable and Garden, the rent may be accommodated with about one hundred cords of excellent red and black oak Bark, now in the Bark House at a fair price.
Proposals for the above will be received by the subscriber. Bond with approved security will be required, and possession given of the whole, except a few of the vats, on the first of September next. The reason assigned for offering the foregoing property for rent, is the ill state of health of the Subscriber to pay that attention the business requires. MARCUS ELIGAN, law 1st.
JOHN TOMPKINS,
HAS received an assortment of GOODS Consisting of FLANNELS, Coatings, Blankets, Role and Daffy De Drabs, Prizes, Kerseys, Feanough, Cloths, Carpets and Carpeting, Bombazets, Swansdown, Patent Cord, Powder and Shot, Dawlins, Sheeting, Keyserneyers, Calicoes and Muslins, &c. &c. which he will dispose of on very liberal terms, by the piece or package. Nov. 14. tf.
WILL BE SOLD,
At the Eagle Tavern, without reserve, to the highest bidder, on Monday, the 11th of May next, between the hours of 11 and 12 o'clock, the following valuable property, to-wit:
ONE two-story BRICK HOUSE, 42 by 20 ft. do. single do. Wood do. 32 — 18 — Pear do. do. do. do. All neatly finished and calculated for dwellings, situated on handsome well included Lots on Shockoe-Hill, in the City of Richmond; known in Duvall's plan, as No. 101 & No. 102, surveyed by Wm. G. Paine.
TERMS OF PAYMENT:
1400 dols. in cash, 1050 dols. on the 25th of June 1807, half of the residue the 14th August, and the balance the 14th August, 1808. Satisfactory titles will be made to the purchaser, on the receipt of the money. ARCHIBALD PLEASANTS, Jr. law 1st.
ADVANTAGEOUS ESTABLISHMENT.
THE Subscriber, because of circumstances, which have lately occurred in his family, wishes to admit a partner in the business of the Henrico Gun-Powder works, about a mile and an half from Rockers, or to sell his rights in the same: the said works are so nearly completed that they will soon be in operation, and the Manufacturer who is engaged to manage the making of the Powder, understands the whole art, so as to make it equal to any imported. None need apply for a share, who cannot advance soon $1000, and employ other resources in the course of the business; there is a fair prospect, that the said works will be a very advantageous establishment. For further particulars apply to—HUGH WARLEN. law 1st.
FOR SALE
FOR SALE up by the Subscriber, residing in Powhatan county, at the mouth of Deep Creek, a forested Mare, about four years old, five feet high, with a few white hairs at the root of her tail, bred before, no brand perceivable, and shows the mark of the colar on her shoulders as if she had been worked. She came to his plantation early in December last, was pruned to twenty one pounds. JAS. TUCKER, Powhatan, May 1.