Virginia Argus (Richmond, Va.), 1801-01-13 00:00:00

The VIRGINIA ARGUS.
No. 76 of Vol. VIII.]
A FREE PRESS MAINTAINS THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE PEOPLE.
[Price No. 803.]
RICHMOND:—PRINTED (ON TUESDAYS AND FRIDAYS) BY SAMUEL PLEASANTS, JUNIOR.
FOUR DOLLARS PER ANNUM—PAID IN ADVANCE]
TUESDAY, JANUARY 13th, 1801.
[12 1/2 CENTS SINGLE.]
Slaves for sale.
BY VIRTUE of a Deed of Trust made to us by B. Col. Wm. Cannon of this county, to secure to Countess & Guerrant of said country, and town of New-Canton, the payment of a certain sum of money mentioned therein, we shall proceed to sell, to the highest bidder, for cash, on Saturday, the seventeenth day of January next at the house of John Anderson, in the said town of New-Canton.
Eight Likely Virginia Born
SLAVES,
To wit, Charles, Frank, John, Major, Lewis, Kit, Lucy and Charity; or so many of them as will be sufficient to satisfy the balance due on said debt, and costs.
Wm. Anderson, } Trustees Dan'l Bagby, }
Buckingham county, } December 30, 1800. (ids)
Land for sale.
BY VIRTUE of a Deed of Trust made to us by Reuben Austin, of Cumberland county, for purposes mentioned therein, we shall proceed, on Thursday, the twenty second day of January next, to sell, for cash, to the highest bidder, on the premises,
A certain tract or parcel of LAND,
Lying on Willis's River, in said county, whereon the said Reuben Austin now resides, and contains two hundred and thirty acres. This land is well adapted to the culture of wheat, corn, &c. and is about eight miles distant from the towns of New-Canton and Carterville.
Wm. Anderson, } Trustees Dan'l Guerrant, } Richard Anderson, }
Buckingham, Dec. 17, 1800. ids
A VERY VALUABLE COOK WOMAN FOR SALE.
She may be purchased either by private contract before the 15th inst. or then she may be bought at auction. For particulars and terms, enquire of the PRINTER. Richmond, January 5th, 1801.
Wanted on Loan, for two years, 1500 Dollars.
The payment of which may be secured by deed of trust or mortgage on valuable landed property in the city. Any person disposed to lend will apply for information to the PRINTER. January 1, 1801.
Asher Marx, Has just come to hand, an assortment of
INDIA GOODS,
Consisting Of
Bordin Baftas, Tandans Mamoodys, Alhabad Sannas, Abbad Coffas, &c. &c.
Alfo,
Platillas Bed Tickings, Dowlas, Violinas, Checks & stripes, Playing Cards, And a general assortment of
EUROPEAN & WEST-INDIA GOODS,
Which will be sold at reduced prices for Cash Country Produce, or the usual Credit for approved paper.
Manchester, Oct. 20, 1800. [77]
TO MILLERS.
An Excellent Assortment of DUTCH BOLTING CLOTHS, ARE JUST RECEIVED, and for Sale at the Store of the Subscriber. Joseph Darmidat.
January 1, 1800. (if)
For Sale at this Printing Office, A NEW AND MUCH IMPROVED (AMERICAN) EDITION OF FENNING'S
Universal Spelling Book
JUST RECEIVED, From Doct. Church's Dispensary New-York, and for sale at this Printing-Office, a fresh supply of the following
Patent Medicines:
Church's Cough Drops, A medicine unequalled by any in the world, for the Cure of Coughs, Colds, Asthma and Consumption.
Chemical Essence and Extract of Mustard, For the cure of the Rheumatism, Gout, Rheumatic Gout, Palsy, White Swellings, Chilblains, &c. &c.
Anodyne Essence, For the Head Ache.
Volatile Tincture, For the Tooth Ache.
The Botanical Tea.
Infallible German Corn Plaster, For the Cure of Corns.
Scotch Ointment Cures the most inveterate Itch in four hours without Mercury.
Dr. Church's Antiphlogistic Pills, For the Cure of Malignant and Bilious Fevers, Dyspepsy, Jaundice, Costiveness, Acidity, Cholera Morbus, Gravel, Indigestion, Loss of Appetite, and all disorders of the Head, Stomach, and Bowels.
Eye Salve, For all disorders of the Eyes.
Antiscorbutic Tincture, For the Teeth, Breath, and Scurvy in the Gums.
Essence of Scurvy-Grass, For preventing and curing the Sea and Land Scurvy.
Vermifuge Lozenges, For destroying Worms in children and grown persons.
Antispasmodic Elixir, For the cure of all kinds of Fits.
Cordial Restorative Balsam, For Nervous Disorders, Debility, Inward Weakness, &c.
Vegetable Lotion, For the face and skin, freckles, sun-burn, prickly heat, Ring Worms, Tetter, &c. &c. Dec. 10, 1800.
ALSO, DR. CHURCH'S TREATISE ON THE Venereal Disorder;
Containing plain and easy Directions for the speedy and effectual cure of that Disease in both Sexes; whereby any person may cure themselves at a small expense. Price half a dollar.
THE SUBSCRIBER,
ANXIOUS to discharge every just claim against his proportion of the estate of Robert Hollings, Esq. of Buckingham county, deceased, will SET UP a notice of one hundred acres of his James river
Low Grounds,
in Amherst county, near Lynchburg, and part to the line of Mr. William Galt, with the adjoining High Lands, and a most valuable Mill Seat, not far from the mouth of Big Shoals creek.
Also, two Tracts in Buckingham county (one of 300, and the other of 200 acres) of prime
Tobacco Land,
On the north branches of Willis's river. The Amherst land will be shown by my officer on the premises, and the Buckingham land by the subscriber, for which one part of the purchase money will be required in hand, and the balance in two annual payments.
P. BOLLING, Buckingham county, } 10th July, 1800. (t. f.)
WANT to hire for the ensuing year, a few COOPERS.
Joseph Gallego.
November 7, 1800.
CONGRESS.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
Wednesday, December 31.
The house went into a committee of the whole, on a bill for continuing in force "an act laying duties on licenses for selling wine, and foreign distilled spirituous liquors by retail, on property sold by auction, and on carriages."
Mr. Morris in the chair. Mr. Varnum moved to limit the duration of the bill to two years from the 1st of March 1801.
The motion was supported by Messrs. Varnum, Randolph and Nicholas, and opposed by Mr. Galt.
On the question being taken, there appeared 39 ayes, and 39 noes. The chairman declaring himself in the negative, it was lost.
Mr. Bird disliked that part of the bill which gave to the justices of the federal courts the right of taking cognizance of suits for duties payable under it. He declared himself adverse to this involvement of judicial power, on the ground of expense; but said that he should not on this occasion oppose the bill for that reason. But he deemed the judicial power delegated by the bill to be unconstitutional. The bill must be amended, before it could pass his vote. He therefore moved to amend the 1st section, so as to confine all judicial power exercised under the bill to the federal courts.
The constitution expressly declares that "the judicial power shall extend to all cases, in law and equity, arising under this constitution, the laws of the United States, &c." If the judicial power extended to all cases, surely it must extend to the present case. The constitution further declared "that the judicial power of the United States shall be vested in one supreme court, and in such inferior courts as the congress may from time to time ordain and establish." It was self-evident, that the federal courts could not be embraced by the expression "inferior courts." And as to the expression "the state tribunals could come within its meaning," it was evident to him that they could not, as they were not appointed by congress; as no cause of error lies from the state to the federal courts, or writ of mandamus. It followed that they were not included in the true meaning of the term "inferior courts"; they were neither ordained or appointed by congress.
Further, the constitution prescribed, that the judges should receive fixed salaries payable by the United States, and hold their offices during good behaviour. This direction of the constitution precluded all other but federal courts.
Besides these constitutional injunctions which on his mind were irresistible, on a view of the expediency of the delegated powers, it would appear that extensive and great inconvenience attended the exercise of it. Under the jurisdiction of the federal courts, such a variety of laws and mode of procedure existed as produced the greatest embarrassments. Besides, it was not unfair to suppose in the succession of events the occasional existence in particular states, of a spirit of hostility to some measure of the federal government.
On the whole, Mr. Bird said, that he considered congress as equally incompetent to translate into the state courts, the right of judging on cases that occurred under the constitution and laws of the federal government, as they were to translate executive or legislative power, derived from that constitution, into the hands of the executive and legislative organs of the state government.
Mr. Dennis was so impressed with the importance of a full and fair discussion of the point submitted to the house by the gentleman from New-York, that he recommended a suspension of any consideration of it, until the judiciary bill came before them. Then the question might be met directly. He therefore moved that the committee rise, report progress, and sit again, which was accordingly done, and leave to sit again granted.
On motion of Mr. H. Lee the house went into a committee of the whole on the bill in relation to
The Territory of Columbia.
Mr. Morris in the chair. Mr. Randolph moved to strike out the 8th section, which is in these words:
"Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled—That the laws of the state of Virginia as they existed on the first Monday of December in the year 1800, shall be and continue in force
in that part of the District of Columbia which was ceded by the said state to the United States, and by them accepted for the permanent seat of government; and that the laws of the state of Maryland, as they existed on the said first Monday in December, shall be and continue in force in that part of the said district which was ceded by that state to the United States, and by them accepted as aforesaid."
Mr. H. Lee said, that he was far from considering this bill as an act of legislation. The constitution had prohibited the states of Virginia and Maryland from legislating for the territory; and it now became a question, whether the existing laws of those states were in force; which question might come before the judiciary. To obviate all doubt, this bill in the shape of a declaratory one was reported.
Mr. Nicholas. This bill is not to my opinion merely an act of supererogation, but an act of immense mischief. I do not agree with my colleague in the construction he gives the constitution. He is of opinion, that the powers given to congress on this subject must be exercised by them. I think differently. These powers are like many others conferred, which may or may not be exercised. It had never been contended, that we are obliged to carry into execution all the powers which which we are invested. It is true, that we have nearly exhausted the letter of our charter, in the extent to which we have gone. But this fact furnished no reason for going still further.
A construction contrary to that contended for had been given by Congress in the exercise of their power. The act of acceptance passed by Congress confirming the cessions made by Virginia and Maryland expressly declares "that the operation of the laws of the state within such district shall not be affected by this acceptance, until the term fixed for the removal of the government thereto, and until Congress shall otherwise by law provide."
Great force was attached to that part of the constitution that gave Congress exclusive legislation over the territory. But the same clause of the Constitution gave the same power over forts, magazines, arsenals, &c. Yet this power had never yet been assumed by Congress. The possession of the right had heretofore been considered as sufficient; the exercise of it was reserved until peculiar circumstances should occur, which rendered it necessary.
I believe the committee are not prepared to sanction this bill. To sanction it would be to place the inhabitants of the territory in a situation for which they would not be thankful. It would impose upon them all the laws of Virginia and Maryland, as they existed on the 1st Monday of December, without those improvements which experience may suggest.
If this bill passed, it would leave a considerable portion of the inhabitants of the territory without any judicial authorities to which they could appeal. There were parts of Fairfax, Montgomery, and Prince-George Counties, which would have no courts to which they could apply.
Another consequence that would result from the construction attempted to be given to the constitution, was the deprivation of the inhabitants of all participation either in federal or state legislation. As by the construction, they would cease to be the subjects of state taxation, it could not be expected that the states would permit them, without being taxed, to be represented.
Could any man desire to place the citizens of the district in such a state? To deprive them of the common right of participating in the passage of laws which all the citizens enjoyed?
If the construction be found, that we are bound to legislate, then all the judicial proceedings which had taken place since the 1st Monday in December, whatever affected either property or persons, were mere nullities. I do not, however, believe the construction to be found. I believe it opposed both to the spirit of the constitution, and to the construction hitherto given by Congress. But were the construction just, to adopt the proposed bill would be to act in a way inadequate to the importance of the subject, which involving in it a system of government for a large portion of citizens, ought not to be acted upon with precipitation, but ought to be concocted by the collected wisdom of Congress derived from mature and deliberate reflection.
Mr. H. Lee. My colleague is wrong in supposing this bill a part of a permanent system. It is only intended to cure an evil which some persons have supposed to exist, from the doubtful jurisdiction of the states of Virginia and Maryland.
Mr. Otis. Though I respect the talents of the committee who brought in the bill, yet I cannot discover that it contains a single new view or provision. Though I am myself at a loss to account for the necessity of the bill, the committee were certainly
right, if they entertained doubts, to attract the attention of the house to them.
By the act of Congress accepting the cession the United States have legislated in the very way the gentlemen from Virginia now proposes. As it appeared at that time impossible to form a code of laws, those of Maryland and Virginia were continued till Congress should legislate.
It were true that Congress were bound to legislate themselves, an equal obligation existed at that time with that which existed at present. To sit not having done so was a strong argument against the construction now contended for.
To pass such a law as that now offered, instead of removing, would be the very means of creating doubt. The same may arise when Congress must go into the subject in detail, and make those provisions that were necessary for a great city. But at present such a step was not called for; the territory had gone on very well for ten years without the intervention of Congress, and I have no doubt it will continue for some time to come to do well without it.
Mr. Bird. This question, in my opinion, is susceptible of a very clear and precise solution. Did the act of cession by the states, and of acceptance by Congress, take away the jurisdiction of those states, and vest it in Congress? The acts of Maryland and Virginia, make a complete cession of soil and jurisdiction to Congress. This cession has been accepted by Congress. What is the consequence of one sovereign transferring all jurisdiction to another sovereign? Does not the power that cedes give up all right whatever to that which accepts? The words of the cession are that Congress shall exercise exclusive legislation. If Congress exercises exclusive legislation, does it not follow that no other body can exercise any jurisdiction whatever.
The gentlemen from Virginia (Mr. Nicholas) does not deny the power altogether, but limits it as a power, that may or may not be exercised by Congress; and in illustration of his opinion, instances the power to naturalize and to pass bankrupt laws. But the cession is not analogous. These are powers that Congress may or may not exercise. The cession does not apply to them the term exclusive; nor are they shut out by the actual words of that instrument, or by necessary inference.
Over some objects Congress have partial authority; but in this case their authority is absolute and exclusive of all other; from which irresistibly follows the absolute cession of all power in the ceding body.
It was undoubtedly the intention of the framers of the constitution that after this territory became the actual seat of government, no authority, but that of Congress, should be in force.
The act of cession by the states, after stating the terms of cession, contains a proviso, that the power of legislation thereby vested in Congress shall not impair the force of the laws of Maryland and Virginia till congress shall otherwise by law provide. A proviso is to prevent something from being done, that without it would be done. Congress declared the same thing, when they accepted the cession with the same proviso. This proviso tends to supersede the cession. Having this effect it must fail as conflicting with the act to which it is a proviso. It must be considered as absolutely void. A proviso is intended to prevent the operation of a particular thing, not to give an exception to it. It may prevent the enactment of a particular law, but it cannot re-enact that law.
A difference of opinion seemed to exist as to the period when the powers of the states were superseded. It was the opinion of some gentlemen that they ceased on the completion of the act of cession. The committee consider them as ceasing on the 1st Monday in December of the present year. It became the house solemnly to settle this point, before they entered into the consideration of a complicated system of government.
If the legislative powers of the states had ceased, it follows as a necessary consequence, that the judicial powers had also ceased. For these reasons I think it will be best to declare that things shall remain in statu quo. If the ordinary jurisdiction established be not competent, it may easily be made so.
Mr. Randolph was not prepared to enter into a discussion of the important point before the committee. He would only state the dilemma in which the inhabitants of Columbia would be placed by the construction given to the constitution by his colleague, who was of opinion, that all legislative and judicial powers derived from Virginia and Maryland, ceased on the 1st Monday of December. If this construction were true, it was not equally true that the bill now proposed would be of the same validity, and of no more validity than the act of acceptance passed by congress.
From his unpreparedness, what he offered was submitted more in the form of hint.

then of correct arguments. But it seemed to him that if the constitution contended for should prevail, it would dismember the corporation of George town and Alexandria, and all other corporations within the district. Would it not place the territory in the situation of a conquered country? According to this construction, the territory was in a state of anarchy, and murder, if committed, would be no crime.
Further, if the constitutional provision is obligatory upon us to assume exclusive jurisdiction, are we not bound to establish uniform laws throughout the entire district, and of course are we not prohibited from establishing one system in one place, and a different system in another?
One other objection merited the gentleman's notice. The laws of Virginia precluded every officer under its government from holding any federal office.
From the impression made on his mind by these considerations Mr. Randolph said, he would be wanting to himself and to his country if he agreed to the bill. He hoped, therefore, that the committee would rise and not precipitate a decision.
Mr. Harper was in favor of the motion that the committee should rise, for the purpose of recommending the bill to a select committee. He would state his reasons. The object of the first section was to assume the jurisdiction. That was his object. He wished the establishment of a judiciary, competent to the carrying into effect the laws now existing. He wished this object to be accomplished in a fair, open, direct way. At some future period, congress might find it necessary to enter on a system of legislation in detail, and to have established numerous police regulations. At this time the present exigency would be provided for by confirming the laws of Virginia and Maryland, and by giving effect to them by the institution of a competent judicial authority.
Mr. Nicholas said, that he should vote for the committee rising from a different motive from that which actuated the gentleman from South Carolina. He hoped the business would be suffered for the present to sleep.
The construction given to the constitution by the gentleman from New-York, did not render it merely expedient in congress to assume jurisdiction, but rendered it an absolute duty. In reply to his remarks the gentleman had alleged, that the authority given by the constitution in relation to this territory, differed from the other powers vested in congress inasmuch as the former investment of power had connected with it the word exclusive ; whereas the latter had not. The meaning which Mr. Nicholas attached to this word, was altogether different from the one now contended for. The constitution does not say, congress shall possess exclusive power of legislation : but that they shall have power of exercising exclusive legislation .
The actions and acceptance contained a construction directly opposed to that now made. They declare that the laws of Maryland and Virginia shall continue till congress shall alter them. Their cessation is made to depend on an uncertain event, viz. whether congress shall legislate or not. Not a title in the constitution or in our practice under the constitution, infringed our liberty to act or not to act.
What would be the effect of this law on the inhabitants of the Territory? It would impose on them the laws of Maryland and Virginia, as they existed on a particular day, without any capability of improvements from the improved code of those states.
Mr. Nicholas had heard of no inconveniences which had arisen from the non assumption of power by Congress. The people in the territory of Columbia had been a happy people for more than a hundred years under their state governments; and he had no doubt would remain so without the interposition of Congress, who, at present, were unqualified to act.
After some remarks by Messrs. Harper and H. Lee, the question was taken on the committee rising, and carried without a division.
The committee rose, the chairman requested leave to sit again, which was not granted.
Mr. Harper then moved to recommit the bill to the same committee that introduced it.
Mr. Harper. The objection made by the gentleman from Virginia to an assumption of power by Congress goes to say that the constitutional provision, the acts of cession of Maryland and Virginia, and the act of acceptance by Congress, shall be all dead letters; and that the territory shall continue, as heretofore, under its old jurisdiction. This was to all intents and purposes the amount of the gentleman's remarks. He asked, what necessity for the exercise of power by Congress? Had not the citizens lived happily for a hundred years under the state governments? This Mr. H. did not dispute. It was probably true that they had lived as happily as other portions of citizens under the state governments. But the provision of the Constitution on this subject had not been made with this view. It was made to bellow dignity and independence on the government of the union. It was to protect it from such outrages, as had occurred when it was differently situated, when it was without competent legislative, executive, and judicial power to insure to itself respect. While the government was under the guardianship of state laws, those laws might be inadequate to its protection, or there might exist a spirit hostile to the general government, or at any rate indisposed to give it proper protection. This was one reason, among others, for the provisions of the constitution, confirmed and carried into effect by the acts of Maryland and Virginia, and by the act of Congress.
The object of the gentleman was to defeat all these acts, and all these arrangements, in subversion of that provision which the constitution had made, and of that necessity which it had foreseen.
The gentleman from Virginia requires more time. He thinks we are not prepared to legislate. But if his (Mr. H's) ideas were adopted, there would be no occasion for this. The territory has laws; and Mr. H. believed these laws would answer very well for fifty years, without giving Congress much trouble to modify them.
The establishment of a judiciary would be very easy, and would require little time. As to a police, it may be necessary hereafter. At present it was not necessary. With regard to a corporation, he was against it at present, and did not think it would be necessary.
Mr. Nicholas did not consider the power imparted by the constitution as imperative. He therefore could not say, he charged with a desire to deviate from the design of its framers. The power was like a coat of armour, intended to protect the government in periods of danger, and not to be worn at all times for parade and show. Remarks had been made to show that the dignity and independence of the government required the assumption. All such arguments when set against the happiness of the people were inconclusive. Mr. N. had always been taught to consider the true dignity of the government as indivisibly connected with the happiness of the people; and was unable to discern all that he had heretofore acquired to this effect.
Mr. Crain agreed with the member from South Carolina as far as his remarks went; but he did not think that they extended far enough. He was himself friendly to the institution of a local government for local purposes, leaving all federal powers to Congress. If the bill should be recommitted, he would be prepared to offer a plan conformable to these ideas. He felt no alarm at the doubts suggested of the validity of the laws of Maryland and Virginia. He believed that they were still in force; and did not think there was any absolute necessity for Congress to act at present. Still he thought that delay would only multiply the inconveniences already experienced in the formation of a plan of government. A plan might be so framed as to protect the general government, as well as in some degree, the inhabitants of this territory from any tyranny some gentlemen supposed might be exercised by Congress. He concluded by expressing a hope that a completely organized system might be formed and adopted.
Mr. Dennis coincided with his colleague in desiring an assumption of jurisdiction by Congress. But before he committed himself by an opinion, he wished to see an entire plan submitted. As to the bill before the committee it was little more than an abstract proposition.
Mr. D. believed that the assumption by Congress would be agreeable to the inhabitants, if a good system were adopted.
Mr. C. Goodrich advocated the recommittal of the bill, that a more complete system might be devised, and submitted to the house in a more direct way.
The question of recommittal was carried, and two members were added to the original committee.
The committee of Revival and Unfinished business reported it as their opinion that it would be proper to continue the Sedition Law, which expires with the close of this session, for two years longer.
Ordered to lie on the table.
Thursday, January 1.
On motion of Mr. Kittera, the house unanimously resolved that each member should wear a crape on his left arm for one month, in testimony of their respect for the memory of THOMAS HARTLEY, a member.
The engrossed bill "concerning George Washington," was read a third time, and on the question "shall the bill pass?" Mr. Dawson moved to recommit it— Lost , 36 Ayes—44 Noes.
Mr. Randolph moved to refer the bill to a select committee— Lost , Ayes 32.
Mr. Spaight and Mr. Davis then assigned their reasons for voting against the bill.
The question was then taken on the passage of the bill and carried, Yea 45—Noes 37.
On motion of Mr. Harper the title was altered, so as to read "An act to erect a Mausoleum for George Washington."
Friday, January 2.
Mr. Harper presented two papers; one of which was a defence by Governor Sargent of himself against charges preferred against him by a member of the House of Representatives; being a letter to the Secretary of State, put by him into the hands of Mr. Harper; and the other, the presentment of a grand jury in the N. W. Territory on charges made against Governor Sargent, &c.
The papers were read and referred to the committee of inquiry into the official conduct of W. Sargent; as was a message of the President, enclosing a copy of laws passed in that Territory between June 30, and December 31, 1799.
Mr. Harper moved the following resolutions, which were read, and referred to the select Territory of Columbia.
Resolved, That it is expedient for Congress to assume, forthwith, the jurisdiction of Columbia.
Resolved, That the laws of Virginia and Maryland now in force in the parts of the said district contained within the limits of those states respectively, ought to be continued in force therein, until Congress shall otherwise provide by law.
Resolved, That for the administration of justice within the said district, there ought to be established two Inferior, and one Superior court; the Inferior courts to sit at Alexandria and the City of Washington for such parts of the said district as lie on the different sides of the river Potomac respectively; to have a limited civil and criminal jurisdiction with competent powers; and to be composed of three judges each;
and the Supreme Court to be held at the City of Washington, to have full powers as a court of Equity, original jurisdiction in all cases civil and criminal not within the jurisdiction of the Inferior courts, and appellate jurisdiction from the said courts in all civil cases above the value of fifty dollars; and to be composed of a Chief Justice, who shall also be Superintendent of police for the said district with competent powers and two associates.
Resolved, That the salaries of the said judges ought to be established by law, and to be paid by the United States.
Resolved, That the provision ought to be made for the appointment of a marshal for the said district, and of clerks and other officers for the said courts, for the preservation of records, and for the due confinement and security of persons committed or imprisoned.
Resolved, That for the better ordering of affairs in the said district, it ought to be divided into three townships, so that one township shall include Alexandria, one Georgetown, and one the city of Washington; and that a corporation ought to be established within each of the said townships, to be composed of a suitable number of persons annually elected by the freeholders within the same; and to be vested with power to make provision within their respective townships, by bye-laws respecting streets, high-ways, markets, and other matters of a similar nature to be particularly described; the said bye-laws to be subject to the revision of the Superior court of the District, and to be annulled thereby, upon complaint by any person or persons aggrieved, notice to the proper officers of corporation, and cause shown.
On motion of Mr. Griswold the house went into a committee of the whole on the Judiciary Bill; the house dividing—Ayes 44—Noes 33.
Mr. Rutledge in the chair.
The bill was read through, when the committee reported progress, and asked and obtained leave to sit again.
The report of the committee of revival and unfinished business to continue for 3 years the Sedition law, was taken up.
A motion was made to refer it to a committee of the whole, and carried by Yeas and Nays, Yea 47, Nays 33.
Made the order of the day for Tuesday.
Monday, January 5.
A bill making appropriations for the year 1801 was read twice and referred to a committee of the whole house on Monday next.
Messrs. Davis, Nott, and Claiborne were excused from serving on the committee appointed to investigate the official conduct of Winthrop Sargent.
Mr. Davis moved that the committee of Ways and Means be directed to enquire into the expediency of appointing agents in Kentucky and the N. W. Territory to pay pensions becoming due.
The House resolved itself into a committee of the whole, Mr. Rutledge in the chair, on the
JUDICIARY BILL.
The chairman proceeded in reading the paragraphs until he came to the 5th section, which,
Mr. Eggleston moved to so amend, as to preserve the plan at present existing, which establishes one Court for Virginia, instead of dividing the state into two districts, and having two courts, one to sit at Richmond and the other at Fredericksburg, as proposed by the bill.
On this motion a lengthy debate ensued.
Messrs. Eggleston, Nicholas, Randolph, Jackson and Macon supported, and Messrs. Griswold, Harper, Bayard, H. Lee, and Otis, opposed it.
Those who supported the motion contended that the proposed alteration was unwarranted by any change which had taken place in Virginia; that heretofore much business had been done in the federal court from an accumulation of unsatisfied demands incurred previously to the formation of the federal constitution; that these demands, for the most part, were now settled; that the existing demands are few, and which one court was fully equal to attending to; that the fact was that justice had been administered under the present system with the greatest dispatch; and that at the last term the docket was so completely cleared, in a sitting of ten days, that the court, not satisfied with deciding on suits which had gone through the usual form, had actually decided on several returnable to the ensuing term; that the additional court was not desired by the citizens of Virginia, whose convenience, so far from being furthered, would be injured by it; for that the plan of having one court held at Richmond, and another at Fredericksburg, which were not more than seventy miles apart, would place a large portion of the citizens at a greater distance from the seats of the courts, than they were at present from Richmond; and which place, besides, the capital of the state, and the place to which the citizens very generally repaired for the transaction of their ordinary affairs;—that it behoved those gentlemen who recommended this extension of the judiciary system, to show the peculiar necessity, and advantages of it.
Those who opposed the motion observed, that it became the government of the United States to organize the judiciary in such a way as to insure an obedience to its laws; and to insure the faithful collection of revenue; that this last object could only be attained by the institution of federal courts, not so remote from each other, as to prevent the convenient attendance of prosecutors, parties, witnesses, and jurors at the seats of the courts; that the recovery of duties de-
manded from this source could only be made before the federal courts, and if the places at which infractions of the revenue laws took place were very remote, however ardent the patriotism of the citizens, they could not be expected to encounter the great expense and loss of time that would be required in attending a court three or four hundred miles distant; that the most solid objection to an extension of the courts was their expense; that in fact the extension would probably be an economical arrangement, as the facility of recovering dues to the public would be increased, and with it the productiveness of the revenue; and a considerable sum would be saved in the expenses, delayed by the public, of a grand jury, which from its very nature must be drawn from all the parts of each state, by the contracted size of the district from which they were taken; and that the same remark would apply, in a smaller degree, to common jurors, witnesses, prosecutors &c. that so far from the statement made by gentlemen being correct, it was understood that several suits in which the public was interested, had been protracted for several terms; that the little business, alleged to have been brought before the federal court of Virginia, was the most conclusive evidence of the inconveniences attending the present plan, whereby, owing to the remote situation of the greater part of the citizens, they were induced to prefer an appeal to the state, in preference to the federal courts.
It was further declared to be very doubtful on constitutional ground, whether Congress could delegate judicial powers to the state courts; and if they could, it was a delicate question how far state judges were amenable to the United States, for a faithful discharge of their duty, inasmuch as if they violated the laws of the United States, they were not constitutional subjects of impeachment by congress; that, at any rate, the effect might be the inexecution of the laws; from which an imbecility in the government would arise, the more fatal as it affected the vital principle of the administration of justice; that it was no doubt but that Virginia would be well satisfied with one court in preference to two, or with no court whatever in preference to one; that it would be wise in congress to conform as nearly as they could, in consistency with economy, to the ideas adopted by the several states, as well as the established principles of common law, which brought justice home to the door of every man: that it would be therefore advisable if the expense were not too great, to divide Virginia, not merely into two, but into four or eight districts, with a court in each; that it was a lame argument, that because we could not do all that was required, we should do nothing; that as to the idea thrown out, that the convenience of the citizens of Virginia did not require an additional court it was entitled to no weight; as the additional court would not be instituted merely for the convenience of Virginia, but for rendering justice to foreigners and the citizens of the other states; and to insure the dignity and independence of the government.
It was further observed that if the division of Virginia, contemplated by the bill, was inconvenient, it might be altered; though it was believed that the objection arose from a want of geographical knowledge in the gentlemen who made it.
In reply to these remarks, it was said by a member, who represented the western district of Virginia, that there had been but one suit carried before the federal court from his part of the state for ten years, and that at present there was not a single one depending.
Other gentlemen observed that it behoved those who avowed that this additional court was not intended to answer the convenience of the citizens of Virginia to say whose convenience it was intended to answer; that, notwithstanding the contrary declarations of some gentlemen, who on this occasion, had betrayed the same ignorance of the physical state of the country, that on previous occasions they had manifested of its moral and political state, the new arrangement would increase, instead of diminish, the existing inconveniences, inasmuch as the citizens of the counties of Essex, Caroline, Louisa, and Orange would be removed to a greater distance from Fredericksburg, the contemplated seat of their court, than they now were from Richmond.
It was further contended that the state courts were fully competent to discharge all the duties assigned them; and that in Virginia the federal laws had been either invariably obeyed or enforced; that no spirit of hostility to the federal government had appeared, and that it would be time enough to guard against it when it should appear; that from the remarks of some gentlemen, it really appeared, as if they wanted an additional judge, and knew not where to locate him.
The question was then taken on Mr. Eggleston's motion to strike out, and lost—Ayes 39—Noes, 44.
A motion was then made that the committee rise— Lost —Ayes 36—Noes 39.
Mr. H. Lee moved to amend the section, so as to produce a division of Virginia laterally instead of longitudinally, & to make Staunton instead of Fredericksburg, the Seat of Justice.
Carried, Ayes 45.
Just Published,
(Price, three quarters of a dollar)
THE
Prospect before Us,
VOL. II. PART I.
Sold by M. Jones, and S. Pleasants, jun
Richmond.
Extract of a letter from the De Leon, dated October 7.
"The day before yesterday appeared before Cadiz an enemy's fleet from the Mediterranean, and consisting of—
22 Sail of the line.
27 Frigates.
4 Corvettes.
1 Brigantine.
2 Transports.
2 Gun boats.
1 En flûte.
52 Ships of war,
7 Store ships, } with troops,
10 Brigantines, }
Total 143
"General Don Thomas De Maria, the new Governor of the place, where he arrived in the most dreadful time of the epidemic distemper, thought it proper to send to the English admiral a note, to state to him the situation of the inhabitants, and how odious the English name would become to all nations, if they committed an act of hostility against the city. General Abercrombie and Admiral Keith replied to the Governor, without considering him as Governor of Cadiz, but solely as Captain General of the army and province of Andalusia, and Captain General of the department of the Marine, proposing to him to deliver to them the ships fitted and fitting out, whose officers and crews should be set at liberty; on this condition the fleet would retire. The Governor of Cadiz replied to the said Generals, and let them know the error into which his letter had made them fall.
"Yesterday the whole Expedition anchored before the place; but to-day the wind having changed to the South East, the ships set their fore sails, making tracks till the afternoon; toward the evening they were six leagues off.
"The masters of the barques and fishermen flopped yesterday by the squadron, and who arrived this evening from the Isle declare it to be the intention of the enemy to land this morning between Candon and Regla; they have been prevented by the foul wind. We know not exactly the number of their troops—they are stated at 20,000, which the number of transports being eighty-four, of ships of the line and frigates renders probable.
"In truth, this event could not have happened in circumstances more critical; for, on account of the epidemic disorder, our forces are scarcely able to defend the harbour. Yet we must believe that the enemy think them imposing, since they dare not attack us. On the land side every measure proper to defeat their plans has been taken. It is not natural to expect they will abandon them if the foul wind ceases. It appears as if it would not last."
From Porcupine's Gazette.
November 13.
Monday last dispatches were received from the Admiralty from Admiral Lord Keith. We are concerned to state, that their contents are of a most distressing nature.
On the 16th of last month a most dreadful hurricane spread ruin and havoc through our fleet in the Bay of Gibraltar, consisting of men of war and transports with troops on board, the same we believe, that had been some time before against the afflicted city of Cadiz. Their number we do not exactly know, but probably upwards of one hundred. Not a single ship we are informed, could hold her moorings, they were all driven out to sea, with the loss of their cables and anchors—many of them entirely dismasted, and all of them much damaged.
They made for the bay of Tetuan, on the African shore, and we hope succeeded in some measure in obtaining shelter there from the fury of the tempest, which threatened nothing less than the entire destruction of the whole fleet. The mischief done was so great and universal through the fleet, that all the spare anchors, cables, cordage, and other stores of the men of war and other vessels, were found altogether inadequate to the necessary repairs wanted.
The greater part are therefore entirely useless and unfit for any kind of service, nor can they receive any relief in this respect till such stores reach them from England. Should another tempest in the mean time overtake the fleet, without cables or anchors, without any means of resisting its fury, we tremble for the consequences—If the dreadful storm with which our own coastals were visited on Sunday last, should have carried its ravages into the Mediterranean, what lamentable accounts may we expect to receive from that quarter. We have not learnt the extent of the damage sustained by the ships of the fleet, or whether any of the vessels were entirely lost—but no doubt government will soon satisfy the public anxiety on this point, by publishing the details they have received.
Admiral Lord Nelson, appeared at the Levee yesterday, in his full naval uniform, decorated with the diamond Aigrette presented to him by the court of Naples,—with the medallions of the different orders, &c. with which he has been invested, and the elegant sword presented to him by the city of London.
Ceraechi, the Italian, and his accomplices, to the number of nineteen, have been delivered up to the criminal tribunal of Le Scine, to take their trial for conspiring against the usurper.

November 14. In the Court of King's Bench, Dublin, on Thursday last, a motion was made by his Majesty's Solicitor General for the High Sheriff of the county of Donegal to return forthwith the bills and indictment preferred and found by the Grand Jury against James Napper Tandy, in order that he may be tried this term, for accepting the commission of a General of Brigade in the service of the French Republic, and acting under said commission—Motion granted.
PAPERS
Relative to the commencement of NEGOTIATIONS OF PEACE between FRANCE & GREAT BRITAIN.
(Continued from our last)
No. 17.
London, September 4, 1800.
MY LORD, Since I had the honor of communicating to you herewith the conversation that had passed between me and M. Otto on the subject of the proposal for a naval armistice, and the readiness he had expressed of furnishing me with a copy of the project, I have received from him the inclosed note and the project therein referred to.
I have the honor to be, &c. EVAN NEPEAN. Lord Grenville.
No. 18.
Translation.
Project. 1. There shall be a suspension of all hostilities between the fleets and armies of the French republic and those of Great Britain. 2. The ships of war and merchant vessels of each nation shall enjoy a free navigation, without being subject to any search, and shall observe the usage established previous to the war. 3. All vessels of either nation, captured after the war, shall be restored. 4. The places of Malta, Alexandria, and Belleisle shall be maintained to the places of Ulm, of Philadelphia, and of Ingolstadt; that is to say, all neutral or French vessels shall have permission freely to enter them in order to furnish them with provisions. 5. The squadrons which blockade Brest, Cadiz, Toulon and Flushing shall return into their own harbors, or at least shall keep out of sight of the coast. 6. Three English officers shall be dispatched, one directly to the admiral commanding in the Mediterranean, another to the commander of the squadron before Malta, the third to the commander of the blockade of Alexandria, to notify to them the present armistice, and to convey to them orders to conform themselves thereunto. The said officers shall pass through France, in order the more expeditiously to arrive at their destination. 7. His Catholic majesty and the Batavian republic are included in the present armistice.
No. 19.
Note.
The only motive which could lead this court to suspend the negotiation of a proposal so unusual in itself, and so calculated to be of no service to the interest of Great Britain, as that of an armistice to facilitate the conclusion of a general peace, and the termination of the armistice on the continent, by the act of the French government, would put an end to all impediments to such a measure on the part of this country. The necessity of receiving the king's commands on the project communicated by M. Otto, must prevent the undermentioned from transmitting any reply to that paper before Sunday next. It is therefore, for M. Otto to determine whether he will not think it proper immediately to write to his government to remark, that if France has proposed an armistice with Great Britain, for the purpose of its leading to a general negotiation, for peace, that object can only be attained by at least such a prolongation of the continental armistice, as will allow the time required for receiving the answer to the proposal made here. Signed. GRENVILLE. Downing-street, Sept. 5, 1800.
No. 20.
Thursday evening, Sept. 4, 1800.
Citizen Otto presents his compliments to Mr. Nepean, according to his desire, inclosing a sketch of the treaty proposed by his government. No. 20 contains a letter from Mr. Otto, Sept. 5, stating that the necessary passports shall be granted to Mr. Grenville and Mr. Garlake.
No. 22.
Translation.
The under-signed received yesterday, at four o'clock in the afternoon the note which his excellency Lord Grenville did him the honor to address him. It appeared to him to be of such high importance, that at the same hour he transmitted it by an extraordinary message to his government. He hopes that it may arrive in time to produce the effect which his excellency has had in view; and if it serve to prolong for a few days the continental armistice, he will congratulate himself very much on having had it in his power to contribute thereto. He begs his excellency to accept the homage of his respectful consideration. Signed. OTTO. Horsford-street, Sept. 6, 1800.
(No. 23.)
Note.
Lord Grenville presents his compliments to M. Otto, and sends him herewith the Official answer to his last communication, on the subject of an armistice, together with the counter project therein referred to. He requests M. Otto to accept the assurances of his high consideration. Downing-street, Sept. 7, 1800.
(No. 24.)
Note.
The under-signed has had the honor to lay before the king the official answer of the French government which he received from M. Otto on the 4th instant, and also the project of an armistice, communicated on the same day. The spirit of that answer is unhappy but little consonant with those appearances of a conciliatory disposition, which had before been manifested. If it be really practicable in the present moment to restore permanent tranquility to Europe,
this object must be effected by very different means than those of such a controversy as that paper is calculated to produce.
Some reply is, however, indispensably necessary to the assertions there advanced, which, if now passed over, might hereafter be considered as admitted.
The article which an Austrian officer, charged with no such commission, was persuaded to sign at Paris, do indeed appear to his majesty little calculated to terminate the calamities of Europe.
But whatever be the tendency of the conditions which the French government has there specified, there can be no pretence for representing them as preliminaries concluded by Austria, or annulled by the intervention of his majesty.
The engagements by which the courts of London and Vienna have agreed not to treat, except in concert with each other, were concluded before there was any question of their pretended preliminary of peace. And the first intimations which his majesty received of their signatures, were accompanied by the express declaration of his ally, that they were wholly unauthorized, and must be considered as absolutely null.
The French government could indeed expect no other determination to be taken by his imperial majesty. The want of all powers or instructions for such a treaty, on the part of the Austrian officer, was at the time distinctly notified by him to those who treated with him and is declared even on the very face of the paper which he signed.
With respect therefore to the supposed demand of his majesty to be admitted to those negotiations, nothing more is necessary to be said. The note delivered to M. De Thugut, by Lord Minto, sufficiently explains the part which his majesty is really disposed to take in any negotiation which may be regularly set on foot for a general peace.
The king has always been persuaded that the result of such a negotiation can alone effectually re-establish the tranquility of Europe.
Experience has confirmed this opinion, and it is only from the conviction of its truth that his majesty has now been induced to waive his objection to the first proposal of a naval armistice, and to enter into the discussion of the conditions on which it may be established.
His majesty judging from the experience of many former negotiations, considers such an armistice as in no degree likely either to expedite or facilitate an arrangement of the direct interests of Great Britain and France.
He views it in no other light than as a temporary advantage which it is proposed to him to yield to his enemy, in order to prevent the renewal of continental hostilities, and thereby to contribute to the conclusion of a general peace.
And on this ground notwithstanding the many disadvantages which he is sensible must result to the country, from such a measure, he is resolved to give to his allies and to Europe this new pledge of the sentiments by which he is actuated, provided that his enemies are disposed to regulate the conditions of such an armistice, as far as the nature of the case will allow, in conformity to the obvious and established principle of such arrangements.
The principle is, that the respective position of the two parties shall remain during the continuance of the armistice, such as it was at its commencement; and that neither of them should by its operation acquire fresh advantages or new means of annoying the enemy; such as he could not otherwise obtain. The difficulty of doing this with the same precision in the case of naval operations, as by land, has already been avowed to in a former note; and it constitutes a leading objection to the measure itself.
But the French project instead of attempting to remove or lessen these difficulties, apart at once, and in every article from the principle itself, although expressly recognized and lucidly maintained in the continental armistice, which is here reverted to as the foundation and mod-1 of this transaction.
It is proposed, in effect that the blockade of the naval ports and arsenals of the king's enemies should be raised, that they should be enabled to remove their fleets to any other station, and to divide or collect their forces as they may judge most advantageous to their future plans; the important both of provisions and of naval and military stores is to be wholly unrestrained. Even Malta and the ports of Egypt, though expressly stated to be now blockaded, are to be freely visited, and for an unlimited period, in direct contradiction to the stipulations of the German armistice respecting Ulm and Ingolstadt; to which places it is nevertheless promised to assimilate them; and this government is expected to bind itself towards the allies of France even before any reciprocal engagement can be received from them; while, at the same time, all mention of the king's allies is, on the other hand totally omitted.
To a proposal so manifestly repugnant to justice and equality; and so injurious not only to his majesty's interests, but also to those of his allies, it cannot be expected that any motive should induce the king to accede.
The counter-project which the under-signed has the honor to transmit to M. Otto contains regulations in this respect more nearly corresponding with that principle of equality on which alone his majesty can consent to treat.
Even those articles are, in many important points, and particularly in what relates to the actual stations of his majesty's squadrons, very far short of what his majesty might justly demand from a reference to the general principle above stated, from analogy to the conditions of the continental armistice, or from the relative situation of naval force; and a confidence is reposed in the good faith of his enemies, which, altho' it can never be claimed in translations between belligerent powers, his majesty is nevertheless willing to hope he shall not find to have been misplaced on the present occasion.
If M. Otto is empowered to accede to these stipulations, a proper person will immediately be authorized to sign them on his majesty's part; if not, he is requested to transmit them, without delay, to his government.
Signed. GRENVILLE. Downing-street, Sept. 7, 1800. (To be continued)
Advertisement.
I LOST out of my pocket a few days ago, a BOND assigned to me, which was given by my father to Major William Duval, dated sometime in May, 1798 for £388 6 6 payable May 1799—As it can be of no service to any one but myself, I will thank any person who may have found it to deliver it to me or in my absence to Mr. Samuel Greenhow—If required, reasonable compensation shall be made.
Benjamin Lewis. Richmond, January 6, 1801.
Quills,
May be had at this Printing-Office.
NEW-YORK, December 31.
To the Editor of the Mercantile Advertiser.
SIR,
As the consequences of selling too low may be as bad as purchasing too high, I must beg the favor of you to insert the following statement in answer to one signed "Caution," on the subject of flour shipments to England. I will not assert that it was his intention to make an erroneous statement to answer some private end, I only say that it is one, and as such ought to be contradicted.
I will like him suppose the first cost of a barrel of flour to be dols. 12 00 The shipping charges are no more than 8
Freight, the highest 3
Insurance, 5 per cent. 0 51
Suppose it to bring only 75c. Reck. Commission 2 1-2 per ct. 45 69
&c. say 2 00
75c. is 16 21
According to his statement, it must bring 83 3d
Sterling to pay costs and charges. AN OLD SHIPPER. Dec. 30.
PHILADELPHIA, January 2.
The ship Neptune, Dandelo, has arrived at the Point, a cartel from Bordeaux, which place she left the 2d, and the river the 20th of November. She brings Paris Gazettes to the 16th of November, from which we shall extract for our next. Captain Dandelo, who came up to town this morning, informs that the utmost tranquility prevails in the interior of France, and that the Congress at Luneville were proceeding in the discussion of the objects of their mission. The people of France evince an ardent desire for peace with the United States. There are a number of passengers on board, one of whom is General IRA ALLEN, of Vermont.
January 3.
Extracts from Bordeaux, Nov. 3d, by the ship Neptune.
"There is no prospect of a peace with Austria."
"Nov. 20."
"The Ports will be soon opened, in consequence of the Convention with your country. A profound tranquility reigns here respecting politics, and a general anxiety is expressed for peace, which is much expected. I think your Government cannot possibly reject the Treaty."
BALTIMORE, January 3.
The Schooner Ann Pennock, belonging to this port, was captured on her passage to Port Republic, by the British ship of war Lilly, and sent to Bermuda, where she and cargo are libelled, for having Hessian men on board.
LEXINGTON (Ky.) December 6.
Wednesday last the elections of president and vice-president, assembled at Frankfort, and gave an unanimous vote for Jefferson and Burr.
ALEXANDRIA, January 6.
Extract of a letter from the captain of a vessel, now in Jamaica, to a respectable house in Baltimore, date November 4.
Since the English have taken possession of Curacoa, they have committed sad depredations on the Americans. Letters which I hope you have received, inform you of the particulars of your vessel. Ten leagues to windward of Curacoa, I was captured by a tender belonging to the British frigate Decade, on the tenth of last month, and without examining my papers, was immediately taken into Curacoa, where they took out the greater part of the cargo, and examined it; after which they put it below, in a very abusive manner, and ordered the Schooner to Jamaica for trial. On her passage they tore and wrecked her badly. They will not now so much as suffer me to take any care of her, and think myself happy if they will suffer me to remain on board. On the 20th the Schooner arrived at Jamaica, and they immediately commenced discharging her cargo. As soon as I got on shore I protested, and have done every thing necessary in my power, which I hope will prove satisfactory.
Yours &c.
P.S. The Schooner Hannah, of Baltimore, was also captured by the English, and before they put her into port, they put men on board and fired a privateering—After doing considerable damage, she was sent to Jamaica for trial where she was cleared.
JUST RECEIVED,
And for sale at this Printing Office,
An Oration :
On the extent and power
Of public delusion.
Delivered in Newhaven, on the evening preceding the Public commencement, September 1800.
BY ABRAHAM DISHOP.
December 25.
THE VIRGINIA ARGUS.
RICHMOND:
Tuesday, January 13, 1801.
PRICES CURRENT.
Country Produce.
Table with 3 columns: Item, Price per unit. Items include Tobacco, Dits, Flour, Dits, Wheat, Indian Corn.
VIRGINIA LEGISLATURE.
House of Delegates.
Friday, January 2, 1801.
Mr Venable reported from the committee for Courts of Justice, that the committee had, according to order, had under their consideration a letter from the Governor with its enclosure, relative to the preservation of the ancient records of this commonwealth, to the said committee referred, and had come to the following resolution thereupon.
Resolved, That it is the opinion of this committee, that the preservation of the ancient records of this country, is an object which highly merits the attention of the legislature, since on them the rights of property, the interests of society, and the means of historical information, essentially depend.
Resolved therefore, That an edition of all the laws ever passed by the legislature of this country, prior to the year 1782, which can now be found, be printed at the public expense—that the Governor and George Wythe, Esq. be requested to superintend the collection and printing thereof; and that they be authorized to employ a proper person or persons to aid in the completion of the work.
And the said resolutions being twice read, were, on the question put thereupon, agreed to by the House.
Ordered, That a bill be brought in pursuant to the said resolutions, and that the committee for Courts of Justice do prepare and bring in the same.
The following ACTS have passed both Houses of the General Assembly.
1. An act intitled an act to amend an act intitled an act for appointing electors to choose a President and Vice-President of the United States.
2. To amend the act for incorporating the trustees of the Leesburg Academy in the county of Loudoun.
3. To amend an act intitled an act to reduce into one, the several acts concerning mills, mill-dams, and other obstructions of water courses.
4. To authorise the commissioners of the revenue to re-assess lands in certain cases.
5. For establishing the town of Fairfield in the county of Rockbridge.
6. To prevent obstructions to the navigation of the Little Kanawha.
7. To establish an inspection of flour at Mead Anderson's mill, in the county of Halifax.
8. To increase the salary of the inspectors of tobacco at Dixon's warehouse.
9. For increasing the power of the trustees of the town of Franklin, in the county of Pendleton.
10. To establish an inspection of tobacco on the lands of John Brooks in the county of Campbell.
11. To amend the act to authorise the opening a turn-pike road over the south mountain.
12. To direct the expense of notices on forfeited forth-coming bonds, taken by virtue of executions issued from the county and corporation courts, to be taxed in the bill of costs.
13. To incorporate the trustees of Jefferson College in the county of Amelia.
14. Concerning the town of Watson in the county of Hampshire.
15. To establish an inspection of flour on the lands of Thomas M. Randolph, in the county of Albemarle.
16. For adding part of the county of Kanawha to the county of Wood.
17. To authorise Robert Watkins to build a toll-bridge over Appomattox river.
18. Concerning the town of Lexington in the county of Rockbridge.
19. To incorporate a company for establishing a turn-pike road from the mouth of Savage river on Potomac, to the nearest western navigation.
20. To establish an academy on the Glebe lands of Martin's Brandon parish in the county of Prince George.
21. For erecting warehouses on the James river and Appomattox canals.
A Resolution requesting the Governor to correspond with the President of the United States, on the subject of purchasing lands without the limits of this State, whither persons obnoxious to the laws, or dangerous to the peace of society may be removed.
Extract of a letter from Lisbon, dated November 9th, to one of the first Mercantile houses in Philadelphia. "The plague continues at Cadiz, Seville, St. Lucar, and Malaga, and is getting fast into the interior of Spain."
The second Wednesday, which is the 11th day of February, is the day appointed by law for counting and declaring the votes for President and Vice-President.
STOCK
OF THE UNITED STATES.
I will give the highest current price for NAVY LOAN, SIX PER CENT. & DEFERRED STOCK of the UNITED STATES.
A. DUNSCOMB. Richmond, Jan. 12, 1801.
To be hired
A good COOK.
Enquire of the Printer. January 12, 1801.
Just Received, And for Sale at this Printing Office, TWO LETTERS
OF JOEL BARLOW, THE FIRST To his Fellow-Citizens of the United States.
THE SECOND To GEORGE WASHINGTON.
ALSO A LETTER TO GENERAL HAMILTON,
Occasioned by his LETTER to PRESIDENT ADAMS, BY A FEDERALIST.
Attributed to NOAH WEBSTER. January 12, 1801.
John Spencer, Opposite Bowler's Tavern, HAS FOR SALE,
1 puncheon of fine flavored 3d proof Jamaica Spirits
2 crates well assorted EarthenWare
2 kegs of Raisins,
7 boxes of Coppers, and
A case of mens' fine Hats,
Which he will sell low for approved notes at 60 days. Also, a variety of ARTICLES in the DRY GOOD LINE, which he will sell at reduced prices. Richmond, January 8th, 1801.
Imported
And for Sale by the subscriber, at the County Wharf, A general assortment of Cologne
Mill-Stones,
From Amsterdam, with Hand Mill-Stones, and German Steel, by Jesse Hollingsworth. Baltimore, Dec. 27, 1800. 1518
I WILL SELL
The Tenement
On which I reside; there is an acre of ground attached to it, and it is a most desirable residence for a private family—amongst other conveniences there is in the yard a well of as good water as any in the city of Richmond. I will also sell a very valuable unimproved half acre LOT, opposite the late Dr. Leiper's—its central situation, fronting two streets, and having the advantage of a twenty foot alley, leading into the market street, renders it an object to those who have funds to build.
James Rind. December 31, 1800.

Stevensburg Academy.
At a meeting of the trustees of the Stevensburg Academy on December 18th, 1800, James Ogilvie was unanimously elected Professor of that Seminary. By order of the Trustees, W. C. Williams, Sec'y.
The subscriber will remove to Stevensburg on the 15th of January, 1801, when he will be ready to receive pupils and prepared to prosecute the course of instruction delineated in the advertisement respecting the Stevensburg Academy . Suitable accommodations for any number of pupils may be procured at Stevensburg, or in its immediate vicinity—the charge for board and washing will be $30 per annum, every boarder finding his own bed and bedding.
J. Ogilvie.
P. S. Many circumstances concurred to induce the subscriber to become a candidate for the Professorship at Stevensburg: The conjunction of two instructors in Tappahannock, where one was fully competent to teach as many pupils as were likely to be desirable, obviously tended to circumfer the sphere of their professional usefulness and abridge their individual emoluments; nor to add that the contiguous of two schools composed of boys of different ages, was productive of many petty inconveniences. His removal to Stevensburg, whilst it presents to the subscriber a situation more advantageous to the success of his exertions, will enable the amiable and accomplished friend Thomas Ritchie, to display his distinguished talents in an ampler theatre, and exert them with more unuttered energy.
J. Ogilvie.
Richmond, December 26, 1800.
School at Tappahannock.
The public are respectfully informed, that the removal of James Ogilvie to Stevensburg, has devolved the executive direction of the School at Tappahannock upon the subscriber. The want of a more competent instructor has determined him to extend the sphere of his instructions to more general science and more advanced classes. He will be prepared to teach Reading, Writing, Geography, Arithmetic, Mathematics, Grammar, the Bible, Letters, some branches of natural Philosophy, and Political Economy. His terms will be 30 Dollars per annum, to be paid Quarterly, and the first Quarter in advance. The school will meet on the 10th of Jany.
The position of an instructor has been too long neglected by the public; the radical protection of society, the protection which can alone awaken and maintain the energies of reason, which alone can transfer into the minds of the rising generation the principles of science, and the sentiments of justice, and organic public opinion upon the foundations of inimitable truth, has encountered in America the same prejudices which scholastic institutions, and oligarchical distinctions have attached to it in Europe.
It is not to be expected that these prejudices will vanish until men shall more clearly see their error; but until the advantages of this profession shall be more clearly exhibited—until a more liberal system of instruction shall be introduced into our schools. This conviction has induced the subscriber to devote all the energies of his mind to his present profession. He conscientiously believes he can aid in the development of a more liberal system. Nothing could so much gratify his vanity or his philanthropy, as the advancement of his purpose. Nothing can so much animate his exertion, as the prospect of success.
To such as may doubt his qualifications for the arduous office, which he has undertaken to discharge, a sufficient apology has been already offered. Had any one been equally willing and more competent to discharge this office, to him would he have willingly relinquished its responsibility. Thus bound by duty, he should conceive himself unworthy of his office if he had not already anticipated all its difficulties. But thus bound, he should conceive himself still more unworthy of it if he had not prepared to meet them with industry and zeal.
Thomas Ritchie.
December 15, 1800.
WANTED in the Parishes of Drisdale and St. Stephen , a Minister of the Episcopal Church . There is a good Glebe belonging to said Parishes, containing 525 acres, in good order for cropping, and thirty bushels of wheat per acre. A pretty good subscription can be obtained.
James Upham.
Wm. Lyne.
Edw'd Hill.
December 24, 1800. (T3W)
TAKEN up by the subscriber in Charlotte county, a SORREL HORSE , four feet seven inches high, with a small bell on—he has a hanging mane and twitch tail, and is seven years old—Poked and appraised to fifty dollars.
Elijah Clarke.
LATELY PUBLISHED, And for Sale at S. Pleasants' Printing-Office, Richmond, Price 75 Cents, A COLLECTION OF
Plays and Poems, BY THE LATE
COL. ROBERT MUNFORD, Of Mecklenburg County, in the State of Virginia.
Jan. 1, 1801
Just Received, And for sale by the Printer hereof,
THE Columbian Reading Book, OR
Historical Preceptor: A collection of authentic histories, anecdotes, characters, &c. calculated to inure in youthful minds a love of virtue, an intrinsic beauty of morality, a respect for its lighting duties.
Domestic Medicines.
FOR THE CURE OF COUGHS, COLICS, ASTHMAS, AND CONSUMPTIONS.
DR. CHURCH'S COUGH DROPS
Is a Medicine unequalled by any other in the world—Since first discovered by Dr. Church, it has restored to Health many Thousands of the most Emaciated, Catarrhal, Asthmatic and Consumptive who were ever known to exist in Europe, America and the West Indies, and often when every other Medicine had been used without effect, and the most eminent of the Faculty confessed in vain. It is a Sovereign, Specific, and Effectual Remedy in
 Head-Aches,  Catarrhs,  Shortness of breath,  Ticklings in the throat,  Hoarseness,  Loss of voice,  Sore Throats,  Whooping Cough,  Congested Phlegm,  Spasms of Blood,  Spasms of the Stomach, &c. 
ASTHMAS & CONSUMPTIONS,
and all Disorders of the Breasts and Lungs. Further proof of its efficacy, with a list of upwards of One Thousand Affected Cures of Cure, may be seen at the place of Sale.
The only Medicine in the World, that Cures the most Inveterate ITCH in four hours.
The Genuine Patent Scotch Ointment,
For Pleasantry, Safety, Expedition, Ease and Certainty, is infinitely superior to any other Medicine for the cure of the Itch. It is certain in its operation, that it has never failed in any instance whatever, of effectually curing that disagreeable disorder in four hours, by one application only, though applied to many thousands in England, Scotland and Ireland. It does not contain the least particle of Mercury, for the Ashes will, but may be applied with the greatest safety on the most delicate Lady during her pregnancy; or the tenderest Infants.
The Proprietor is so certain of its infallibility, that he engages to return the money to any person on whom it does not perform a cure in four hours.
FOR Nervous Disorders, Female Complaints, Gout in the Stomach, Melancholy, Sperminal Weaknesses, Loss of Appetite, Bilious Disorders, Insane Weaknesses, Indigestion, Obsolete Griefs, Juvenile Indiscretions, and Premature Old Age, and every other symptom of extreme debility,
which are the consequences of a dissipated life—Eases of Pleasure or Grief—Heat or Change of Climate—Immoderate Use of Tea, Spirituous Liquors, or any Intemperance—Bad Lungs in—Diseases incident to Young Girls and Women at a certain period of life.
The Cordial Restorative Balsam
Is recommended as a Medicine of specific and unparalleled virtues for the immediate relief and speedy and permanent cure of the above disorders, having stood a trial of many successful years, during which period nearly thousands of both sexes have been restored from the brink of the grave.
This Balsam is particularly adapted to weak Female Constitutions, as well as to plethyma the habits in general; it acts powerfully as a nervine, not only to the weak stomach, but to the whole nervous system; corrects a vitiated appetite and digestion in the first passages, and assists wonderfully in recovering the tone of the urinary and genital organs.
Hence its efficacy in the most obstinate menstrual glects in men, & corresponding weak nerves in women; and hence it will contribute more safely, surely and honourably to wards conjugal happiness, than any of those irritating, debilitated compositions which are so shamefully administered to the unwary.
It is earnestly recommended to those ladies, who from repeated and difficult labours, are afflicted with wearisome and tedious labours; in which case it is highly useful, strengthening at the far time the stomach, the back, the weakened organs, and the whole constitution.
Those, who in advanced life, feel the consequences of youthful excess, or unfortunate youth, who have brought on themselves a numerous train of evils, will by the use of this, find themselves restored to health and strength, and all the melancholy symptoms removed, which are the general effects of such causes.
For whether the system has received a shock, and is debilitated from improvidence or inattention in the earliest part of life, or in sinking under the advance of years, a few doses of this Medicine will afford immediate assurance of returning health and strength, by giving tone to the molecular system, and organs of digestion, and by renovating the whole constitution.
To the young it will afford lasting health, strength and spirits, in place of languor and debility; and to the aged and infirm, it will assuredly furnish great relief and comfort, by gently and safely invigorating the system; it will non-give immortality; but if it be in the power of Medicine to gild the autumn of declining years and calmly and serenely prolong the estate of life beyond its narrow span, this Restorative is capable of effecting that grand desideratum.
Constitutions relaxed, weak or decayed in men or women, are under the immediate influence of this Restorative.
Old coughs, soon relieved, and speedily cured. Poverty of blood and emaciated habits, will here long meet the happiest changes.
The chill water will become rich and balmy, and the skin be covered with firm and healthy.
It will be more acceptable to the reader, to see accounts of some of the remarkable cures, and cases which have been performed by this most invaluable medicine, in the disorders for which it was invented; he has therefore selected a few of such cases as have come within his own immediate knowledge, which are published and may be had (gratis) at any of the places where the medicine is sold.
FOR THE CURE OF FITS.
THE PATENT ANTI-EPILEPTIC ELIXIR Convulsions, Epileptic, or Falling Sickness, Are effectually Cured by this Excellent Medicine. Its virtues are absolutely Specific and Unparalled. It has failed in no instance within the knowledge of the proprietor (when taken agreeable to the directions, and perseverance) the most dreadful Fits ever known. One case of Cure is subjoined out of a considerable number, as proof of its efficacy attested before the Lord Mayor of London.
AFFIDAVIT.
"I, James Pocock, of No 40 North Street, in the Parish of St. Luke's, Middlesex, do hereby certify, That I was grievously afflicted with Fits for upwards of fourteen years, and that in no violent degree, as to require twelve men to hold me in them, to prevent me dashing myself to pieces. They would generally last me five, six, and often seven hours; in consequence of which my constitution became quite emaciated. I made applications to many eminent gentlemen of the faculty, who afforded me no relief whatever: till I applied to Dr. James Church, of the City Road, who prescribed his Antiphlogistic Elixir for me, which I took, and which alone cured me of the most dreadful Fits, and restored me to perfect health. This exponent further maketh oath, and saith, that it is now two years since he was cured of his fits, and he has had no return of them whatever."
JAMES POCOCK. Sworn before me at the Mansion-House, this twenty-ninth day of August, 1796. Wm. CURTIS, Mayor.
DR. CHURCH'S CELEBRATED VERMIFUGE LOZENGES
For Destroying Worms in Children and Crown Persons. They are an excellent alternative, containing nothing, but what is perfectly innocent; may be administered to children of all ages, and to grown persons with the greatest safety; are highly efficacious for Gros Humours, Eruptions, Sore Heads, Bilious Complaints, &c. and are excellent after the Small-Pox, Measles and Fevers: also as a Phylic in the spring and fall of the year.—Price 50 cents each box.
Prepared (only) and sold by the inventor and proprietor, Dr. James Church, at his Dispensary, New-York, and by the general Venders of his Medicines in the United States.
FOR ALL DISEASES OF THE EYES
The Celebrated Eye-Salve,
PREPARED BY DR. J. CHURCH. For several years universally acknowledged as a certain and infallible cure for Inflammations, Dunces, Dryness, Brightness, Itchings, and Burns on the Eyes, proceeding from natural weakness, or from accidents, such as Blows, Dust, Limes, or any thing else being thrown into the Eyes. It is admirable in natural weakness of Sight, in Deflection of Rheum, and for Ailments in the Eyes, after the Small-Pox, Measles, and Fevers: It is highly efficacious in destroying all Watery, and Gros Humours, and in Strengthening the Sight. In short, there is no disease to which the Eye is subject, but this Salve is a Sovereign Remedy. Many hundreds have experienced its efficacy when in the greatest danger of losing their sight. A considerable number of cases may be seen at the place of sale.
VOLATILE TINCTURE, FOR THE TOOTH ACHE,
The most efficacious remedy ever discovered for that tormenting pain. It is an immediate and permanent relief in the most violent cases; contains nothing but what is perfectly innocent, and may with safety be applied to pregnant women or to children. Price 37 1/2 cents.
To the Nervous, Weak, Debilitated, Sedentary, and Consumptive, IS RECOMMENDED
The celebrated Botanical Tea, INSTEAD OF FOREIGN TEA.
This Tea is universally approved of in preference to Foreign Tea, as the most pleasant, wholesome, culminating, invigorating, and powerful restorative ever adopted, for persons of all ages, but particularly those of the above description; as it will infallibly strengthen, and eventually repair a bad constitution.
It is taken for breakfast instead of Foreign Tea, and as our first aliment in the morning is designed to recruit the waste of this body from the night's inferrible peripatetic, it is well known, and an important fact which ought to be borne on the mind of every one, that foreign teas are inadequate for such purposes, as all will allow; it invigorates and wears the influence of the folds. This substance is professionally approved as a fatiguing and nourishing diet, or as a morning and afternoon beverage.
The Botanical Tea
Is highly efficacious in all cases of inward weakness, trembling or shaking of the hands, loss of appetite, (particularly in the morning), depression of spirits, windy complaints, (especially) represses the head and stomach in gouty or rheumatic cases; and in cases of weak digestion, but particularly after making too free with the constitution, by an immoderate use of wine, spirituous liquors, or any intemperance; it is happily suited to hot climates, and is adopted and approved of by some of the first families in the United States and in the West Indies, for its nourishing and invigorating properties, and in bilious cases, where the appetite has failed, it is a sovereign remedy.
Prepared (only) by Dr. James Church, New-York.
FOR THE CURE OF CORNS.
Infallible German Corn Plaster. The Plaster (the invention of a German Physician, who administered it in Germany with the greatest success) is intended for the Cure of Corns: It will effectually eradicate them, Root and Branch, in a short time. Prepared and sold by Dr. Church, at his Dispensary, Washington Street, New-York.
Pimples, Blotches, Tettars, Ring-Worms, Freckles, Sun-Burns, Shingles and the Itch, by Heat, are effectually and speedily cured, by the application of
The Genuine Vegetable Lotion.
PREPARED ONLY BY THE INVENTOR, DR. JAMES CHURCH, At his Dispensary, Washington Street, New-York. The Proprietor, from having administered it several years, with the greatest success in England, is confident it is unrivaled by any Lotion or Cosmetic whatever. It effectually removes all kinds of Eruptions, Freckles and Sun-Burns, and leaves a Clear smooth Skin. He therefore recommends it to every person so afflicted, as an Efficacious and Infallible Cure.
The above Medicines are prepared, only, by Dr. JAMES CHURCH, at his Dispensary, New-York: & sold by appointment, by SAMUEL PLEASANTS Jun. printer Richmond Virginia.
At a Court continued and held for Buckingham county, the 14th day of November, 1800.
John Pernal, vs. Theod. Crutcher, John Sanders & Margaret his wife, William Sneed, John Sneed, Landon Sneed, Archibald Sneed, Sarah Sneed and Elizabeth Sneed, children & representatives of Mary Sneed, deceased formerly Mary Crutcher, Sarah Crutcher, Thomas Crutcher, Sarah Crutcher, Thomas Crutcher, and Leathers Crutcher, sons and representatives of William Crutcher, deceased; Coleman Crutcher, William Crutcher, Robert Crutcher, Charles Fouthie and Lucy his wife, John Fouthie and Sarah his wife, Benjamin Picklin and Susanna his wife, and Elizabeth Sneed, legal representatives and heirs of Hugh Crutcher, deceased, and Henry Crutcher, which said defendants are the lawful representatives and heirs of Leonard Crutcher, dec. defts.
The defendants, except Henry Crutcher, not having entered their appearance, and given security according to the act of assembly and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that they are not inhabitants of this state; On the motion of the plaintiff by his counsel, it is Ordered, that the said defendants do appear here on the first day of March term next, and answer the bill of the plaintiff; and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in one of the Richmond newspapers for two months successively, and posted at the front door of the courthouse of this county.
A Copy, Teste, BOILING BRANCH, D. C. B. C. Twenty Dollars Reward.
Ran away last evening, a girl, by the name of
MOLLY;
She is a likely mulatto, upwards of twenty years of age, of middle size, very fond of smoking, when spoken to has a fowling look—her clothing will change often I suppose, as she has some variety, and will procure free papers if she should leave Richmond and Manchester. She was raised in the state of the rev. Price Davies, dec. of Newkent county, and sold to Mr. John Piemont, who sold her to me. I will give the above reward for bringing her home, and reasonable charges if brought a distance, in addition.
W. Munfon. Manchester, Dec. 9, 1800. (tt)
FOR SALE,
At Samuel Pleasants' Printing-Office, [By the Dozen or Single Copy,]
THE COLUMBIAN Spelling & Reading BOOK:
OR AN EASY AND ALLURING GUIDE TO SPELLING AND READING.
To be Sold or Rented,
A tract of Land,
Containing 800 acres by an old survey, in the county of Charles City, late the property of Col. O. Byrd, deceased. This tract, which is known by the name of Alvearson , lies on James river, at the distance of only twenty-five miles from Petersburg, and thirty from Richmond. There is a good dwelling house on the land situated near the river, and commanding a beautiful prospect; a Mill capable of grinding for a few families, an Orchard of thriving apple trees, also a valuable Fishery.
The greatest part of this tract is wood land, and the cleared ground is well adapted to the cultivation of corn and wheat, a good crop of which is now growing. The terms of sale may be known on application to Mr. William Munford, of the county of Mecklenburg, or to the subscriber.
ANNA BYRD, Administratrix With the Will annexed of OTWAY BYRD, deceased. November 21st, 1800. tt
TO BE SOLD,
For Ready Money,
By virtue of a Deed of Trust from David Ross, Esq. all that well known and valuable Estate, in the county of Montgomery called
Fort-Lewis,
Containing about 2,300 acres. Also, a highly valuable
Plantation and Estate,
At Goochland Courthouse, Including the courthouse, tavern and buildings, said to contain about 1500 acres.
The many advantages of these two desirable tracts are so well known as to make a description of them unnecessary. They will positively be sold, at the Eagle Tavern, on Monday the 13th of January, 1801.
WILLIAM HAY, DUNCAN ROSE, JOHN WICKHAM } Comm'rs. Richmond, Dec. 8, 1800. ids
THIS DAY IS PUBLISHED, D. SAMUEL PLEASANTS, Jun. And to be had, wholesale and retail, at his Printing-Office, in Richmond.
THE VIRGINIA
ALMANACK,
For the Year 1801. The Astronomical part by
ISAAC BRIGGS. Adapted to the Latitude of Richmond, Virginia
September 18, 1800.
PRIVATE
Board & Entertainment
IN the house lately occupied by Mr. GORLIER, on the fourth side of the main street, three doors above the bridge. John S. Pleasants. Richmond, 23th October, 1800. tt
Miniature Painting
The Public are respectfully informed, that
STRIKING LIKENESSES
Finished in a style of elegance, and executed by L. SULLY, Miniature and Fancy Painter, at Mr. Hugh Watt's, near the Bridge. Richmond, November 5, 1800.
Wanted,
At the Nail Manufactory, A few White, Mulatto or Black
BOYS,
From the age of ten to fifteen years, as Apprentices to said business. Where may be had all kinds of
NAILS, BRADS, SHIP SPIKES, or SHEATHING, &c. &c.
On the shortest notice and in the best manner.
JAMES PAUL. Richmond, Dec. 6, 1800. Gw
For Sale, or to be Rented,
The noted Tavern,
ON the main street, in the town of Manchester, lately occupied, and has been for seven years past, by Mr. Zachariah Brooks, who from his attention, and the situation of the place, has made an easy fortune. To commence or carry on any thing of the conveniences of this tenement for public business, I forbear, as the place when viewed will speak for itself.
Any additional improvements that may be thought necessary or required by the person who rents, shall be done immediately, and possession given the first day of March, 1801.
Francis Smith. Chesterfield county, Nov. 12, 1800. tt