The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1808-06-10 00:00:00

PUBLISHED BY THOMAS RITCHIE, OPPOSITE THE POST-OFFICE, AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE.
FOR RENT—The BRICK TENEMENT on the main street, two doors above the Eagle Tavern, and at present occupied by Messrs. Gibson and Jefferson—Possession may be had on the 15th July. SAML. MCCRAW. [if]
STRAYED OR STOLEN.—On Friday morning last the subscriber missed his horse, has every reason to believe he is stolen. The description as follows: A dark bay, has a white blaze on his forehead, about seven years old, about fourteen and a half hands high, with cropped ears, has lately had a very bad wound on his left hind leg, which is not yet quite healed; on the other hind leg has either a wart or has snagged himself—has been chafed with a saddle on his back about the centre where a saddle would set. The subscriber offers a reward of five dollars for him if strayed, if stolen, an additional reward of ten dollars will be given for apprehending the thief. D. DORRINGTON. June 7. [if]
TO THE FRIENDS OF DOMESTIC MANUFACTURE.
THE subscriber being desirous of encouraging Manufacturing, takes the liberty of informing the public in general, that he will undertake to alter the common Looms that are now in use to work with the flying shuttle. One of them can now be seen at my house, at the Bowling Green, near Richmond—I will also instruct people to work Dimity, M's & O's, Twilling, &c. upon reasonable terms. Having been raised to that business and was four years in an extensive cotton manufactory, I am well acquainted with the different machines for that purpose. SAML. HENRY. June 3. [34]
WILL BE SOLD to the highest bidder for cash, on Saturday the 18th of June inst. at Daniel Michaux's Tavern, in Powhatan county, one hundred and sixty-two acres of LAND, lying on Swift Creek, in the county aforesaid, adjoining the lands of William Graves, Arthur Sublett and others; which land was conveyed to us by Charles Moseley, in trust, to secure the payment of a debt due to Messrs. Lyle & McCredie, as expressed in his deed of conveyance to us bearing date the 13th February last past. HENRY W. WATKINS, Trustee. WILLIAM G. POVALL. [ep2w1] Powhatan, June 3.
FIVE DOLLARS REWARD.—Strayed or stolen on Friday night, the 22d of this month, a SORREL HORSE, with a blaze face, one of his hind legs white nearly to the hock, used to work in a dray, five feet high, thirteen or fourteen years old. Whoever will deliver him to me in Chesterfield county, near Manchester, shall receive the above reward. JOHN HOWLETT. [ep2w1] May 31.
THE Subscriber has opened tavern in Manchester in the House lately occupied by Peter Leath, dec'd. now known by the sign of the Bell, and called the Bell-Tavern. He pledges himself to his friends and the public at large, that no attention shall be wanting to give general satisfaction. He is constantly supplied with the best liquors, and his stable well stored with provender, good beds and handy waiters to attend those who may please to call—and in order to give complete satisfaction to his country customers, keeps a constant supply of the best fodder for stable use. His prices are (in the present difficult times) as follows, viz. Cents. For Dinner with plenty of good Toddy 50 For Lodging per night 17 For Breakfast or Supper 37 For keeping Horse 24 hours 67 His spirits are sold but little higher than in stores. Great allowance will be made to those who may put up with him for a week or longer at a time both for man and horse. He would be glad to take 12 or 15 Boarders to Breakfast and Dine, at $135 per annum, and pledges himself they shall have no cause of complaint. NATH'L. CHILDERS. (64) May 17.
BROKERAGE AND COMMISSION BUSINESS.—The subscriber respectfully offers his services to his friends and the public, in the above line of business and solicits their patronage. G. GREENHOW. Dec. 15. [oawh]
WAR DEPARTMENT, May 12th, 1808.—PROPOSALS in writing will be received by this department until the first day of August next, for manufacturing MUSKETS with BAYONETS, of the kind and dimensions manufactured at the United States' Armouries at Springfield, Massachusetts, and at Harper's Ferry, Virginia; every part to correspond in dimensions, materials, workmanship and proof with the samples, which will be given from one or the other of those armouries, or from Mr. Whitney's armoury at New Haven in Connecticut. It will be unnecessary for any one to offer terms unless the price shall be reasonable, and not exceeding ten dollars and seventy-five cents. Any person inclined to contract for the delivery of from five hundred to two thousand stands a year, for five years, will, on the execution of the contract, and entering into bond, with approved sureties for the faithful performance thereof, receive in advance, if required, a sum equal to the amount of the contract price of the number he shall agree to deliver the first year; and such other subsequent advances, as his punctuality in the faithful performance of his contract shall entitle him to. No proposals will be attended to, unless from persons of such character as can be fully relied on for a faithful and punctual performance of their contracts and who can give ample and satisfactory security for the correct fulfilment thereof. No muskets will be received under any contract, that shall not, on a full and correct inspection by persons appointed for the purpose, be found in all their parts, and in workmanship, fully to correspond with the patterns. H. DEARBORN, Sec'y of War. May 24, 1808. [2aw3w]
FOR SALE, 121,000 acres of LAND in Kentucky county, in the forks of Great Sandy River: 24,000 do. in Tazewell county, on the waters of Clinch river: 20,000 do. in the county of Wythe, on Reed and Peak creeks: 1,000 do. in Randolph county, on the waters of Cheat river: Also, 30,000 acres of Virginia Land Warrants. The above will be sold very low, and great accommodation given in the payments. To RETN, a BRICK HOUSE, on Shockoe-Hill, in a good neighbourhood, and possessing every accommodation for a family. THOS: NORVELL. Dec. 19. [if]
FIVE HUNDRED DOLLARS REWARD.—Treasury Department, May 28th, 1808. It has recently been made known to this department, that on the first day of June, 1807, the first moiety of the under-mentioned notes of the bank of the United States, were enclosed by William Kesler, Esq. Collector of the Customs at Washington, North-Carolina, in a letter addressed to Thomas Tudor Tucker, Esq. Treasurer of the United States, and put into the Post-Office at that place; and on the 8th day of June, 1807, the second moiety of the said Bank notes were enclosed, addressed and put into the Post-Office as aforesaid; neither of which letters, with the notes enclosed, have been received. On the back of each moiety of every note was written the name of William Kesler, and on one part of the back of all or most of the notes, was written the name of Lewis Leroy; from which circumstance the notes may with certainty be traced and detected. Payment of the notes has been stopped at the Bank of the United States and its several offices of Discount and Deposit; and a reward of five hundred dollars will be paid to any person who shall give such information to this department, as shall produce the conviction of the offender by whom the letters containing the said notes were purloined or stolen. ALBERT GALLATIN, Secretary of the Treasury.
DESCRIPTION OF NOTES. Table with 4 columns: No., Date, To whom payable, Dollars. Lists various bank notes from 1804-1807, payable to Adam Gilchrist or bearer, for amounts like 100, 50, 25, 10, 5, 1.
NOTICE TO RACERS.
THE POPLAR SPRING COURSE is nearly complete, and will be quite so by the 15th June, at which time the Races will begin, viz. 1st DAY—The Town Purse of $ 400, four mile heats, weight for age, for Nags of every description that never won a race of that amount or upwards—entrance $ 50. 2d DAY—The Ladies' Town & Country Purse of $ 200, mile heats, weight for age, for Nags of every description that never won a race of $ 200 and upwards, entrance $ 20. 3d DAY—The Proprietor's Purse of $ 200, 2 mile heats, weight for age, free for Nags of every description, that never won a purse of that amount or upwards—entrance $ 20—All which will be regularly hung up at the judges' stand. Stables for race horses and litter for the same will be furnished gratis, and every other accommodation usual at the most celebrated Race Courses, will be rendered, and the booths on the field rented by R. BATE, Proprietor. Petersburg, May 27. [12th June]
HOT SPRINGS—The subscriber continues to keep a House of ENTERTAINMENT at the Hot Springs, in Bath County. He has got ten new baths in complete repair; they are large and commodious. The temperature of the baths is as follows, viz. 105, 100 and 95, one of which is an excellent shower bath. The different degrees of the waters at this place, are from 60 to 105. The number of certificates in my possession, signed by gentlemen of the first respectability, will show the great virtue and utility of the waters, in eradicating Diseases which have baffled the skill of the most eminent physicians. Any person wishing to know the virtues possessed by the waters of the H. S. in removing diseases, may make application to either of the gentlemen hereafter named, who can give satisfactory information from experimental knowledge. Charles S. Carrol, Esq. Mr. Charles Graves, Maj. O'Brien Smith, Capt. Thomas Hall, Edenton, N. C. Mr. Cabarrus—Richmond, Mr. John Maxwell Trotter—Fredericksburg, Mr. John Dawson—Halifax, Maj. John Winns—Powhatan, General Littleberry Mosby, Maj. Samuel Saunders—Dinwiddie, Col. Francis Muir—Manchester, Mr. John Branch—Petersburg, Mr. John G. Penniston, Mr. Durrell—Franklin, Mr. Henry Callaway—Moorfield, Messrs. Cunningham and Harness—Philadelphia, Mr. M'Calister—Ohio, Messrs. Wills and Lindsay—Lexington, Ken. Mr. William W. Worsley. His house, cabins, stables, &c. are in complete repair for the reception of boarders and travellers. His liquors are as good as could be procured. BENJ. THOMPSON. June 3. [1st Sept.]
IN CHANCERY.—Charlotte Court, 8th March, 1808. Claiborne Barksdale and son, assignees of Major Parsons, Plaintiff—Against James Green & Parish Green, Defendants. The defendant James, not having entered his appearance according to the act of Assembly and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that he is not an inhabitant of this state, on the motion of the plaintiffs by their attorney, It is ordered, that he appear here on the first day of August, court next and enter his appearance, and give security for performing the decree of the court, and that a copy of this order be inserted in one of the newspapers printed in Richmond for two months successively, and posted at the front door of the court-house of the said county. A Copy. Teste, THOMAS READ, CLK. [law8w] April 26.
VIRGINIA, to wit:—At a Chancery District Court held in the City of Williamsburg, the 7th day of April, 1808. Josiah Ryland and Catherine his wife, Thomas Armistead and Jane his wife, and William T. Colston and Elizabeth his wife, Plaintiffs—Against John Nicholson and Bartholemew McCarty, Defendants. The defendant John Nicholson, not having entered his appearance and given security according to the act of Assembly and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that he is not an inhabitant of this county, on the motion of the plaintiffs by their counsel, It is ordered, that the said defendant do appear here on the first day of the next term and answer the bill of the plaintiffs, and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in one of the Richmond newspapers for two months successively, and posted at the front door of the former Capitol in this City. A Copy. ANTY. ROBINSON, C. C. May 17. [law8w]
IN CHANCERY.—Charlotte Court, 8th March, 1808. Grief and Claiborne Barksdale, Jr. Plaintiffs—Against Charles Harris, Henry A. Watkins, executor of William Pentecost and Richard Pentecost, Defendants. The defendant Harris, not having entered his appearance according to the act of Assembly and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that he is not an inhabitant of this state, on the motion of the plaintiffs by their attorney, It is ordered, that he appear here on the first day of August court next, and enter his appearance and give security for performing the decree of the court, and that a copy of this order be inserted in one of the newspapers printed in Richmond for two months successively, and posted at the front door of the court-house of the said county. A Copy. Teste, THOMAS READ, CLK. [law8w] April 26.
VALUABLE LANDS.—The subscriber will sell, on a credit, or exchange for property in Richmond, or its neighborhood, the following LANDS, to wit: 832 acres in the state of Kentucky by survey, bearing date the 10th day of October 1797, lying and being in the district set a part for the officers and soldiers of the Virginia state line, on Little Barren river. Also, 1060 acres in Kentucky, by survey bearing date the 10th October 1797, likewise lying in the district set apart for the officers and soldiers of the Virginia state line, on the North side of Little River, a branch of Cumberland River and about two and an half miles from the mouth of Little river. Also, 450 acres of Land in the county of Mason, state of Virginia on Old Town Creek, about 8 miles from Mason courthouse. Indisputable titles will be made to the above mentioned Lands; and plots of each tract may be seen on application to the subscriber residing in Richmond. THOMAS BOHANNAN. Jan. 23. [law8w]
VALUABLE MANUFACTURING MILL & DISTILLERY.—The subscriber will sell or lease for a term of years, with or without a distillery, containing five stills of near 1000 gallons, the valuable MILL on Appomattox river, in Cumberland, lately owned by William Skipwith. The house is 66 feet long, 26 wide, and three stories high, containing 3 pair best burr and 1 pair omstones, with Evans's patent machinery and a Saw Mill in complete order. Boats pass under the Mill through one of the best locks on the river—the neighborhood affords an abundant supply of wheat and on the spot one two commodious houses calculated for a store and residence. If sold, the purchaser may be accommodated with 4 or 500 acres of Land, one half in wood. Terms may be known on application to Mr. Jeffers at the Mill or to me near Gento Bridge. EDMUND HARRISON. Anemia, April 19. [law8w]
ADVERTISEMENT.—I forewarn all persons whatever from trading or taking an assignment for a bond now in the hands of Mr. George Williamson of Powhatan, Exor. of Jacob Williamson, dec'd. The bond was given by Mrs. Hannah Williamson to William T. Walker of Prince Edward, for the amount of 30 pounds, and the bond dated the third day of January, 1805. GEORGE EGGLESTON, Executor of Hannah Williamson, dec'd. April 22. [law8w]
NOTICE.—The Co-partnership of Thomas Rutherford and Co. will be dissolved on the 30th June next: All those therefore, who may have claims against the said firm, or either of the partners, are invited in the mean time to apply for payment, and they earnestly request those indebted to them to settle their respective accounts as speedily as possible. THOMAS RUTHERFORD, FREDERICK ARGYLE, Richmond, May 6. [First July]
THE subscriber being appointed one of the Master Commissioners for the United States' Federal Court, fifth circuit, district of Virginia, and also for the Superior Court of Chancery for the Richmond District, gives this public Notice, that his office is kept at No. 3, at the Eagle Tavern, where he will attend from the first to the tenth of each month, and also during the sessions of said courts: In the interim, any communications directed to him, post paid, to Charles City court house, will be promptly and strictly attended to. When his reports are ready for delivery, he will leave a notification thereof in the respective offices of said courts. PATK. HENDREN. Richmond, June 3. [law8w]
THE MILLING BUSINESS which has heretofore been carried on under the firm of LADD & WEBSTER, was dissolved on the first instant. THOMAS & AMOS LADD, ISAAC WEBSTER. March 18. [if]
TO RENT.—A convenient BRICK HOUSE near the Hay-Market—For terms apply to JAMES H. LYNCH. May 27. [ep3w]
MOLASSES in hogsheads and tierces, FOR SALE BY SAMUEL MYERS. June 3. [law8w]
JOSEPH MARK & Co. have on hand an assortment of German Osnaburgs, Ticklenburgs, Dowlas and Taveling, by the bale, box, or piece. Cognac Brandy, Molasses, Sack Salt, coarse and fine, which they will sell for cash, tobacco or approved paper. May 17. [if]
NICHOLAS LONG, TAYLOR, now occupies the old stand of James P. Hopkins, where he carries on the above business, and solicits a share of public patronage. He will apply himself strictly to his profession, and execute all orders in the best manner and on the most reasonable terms. May 17. [law8w]
DOMESTIC.
CHARLESTON, May 30.
Experte Adam Gilchrist, & others, vs. The Collector of the Port of Charleston. In the Federal circuit court, May 28, 1808, before Judges Johnson & Bee.
A motion was made by Mr. Ward for rule on the Collector to show cause why a mandamus should not be issued against him, to compel the granting clearances for the ship Resource, Moreton; ship Two Pollices, Wilder; ship Navigator, Bowden; ship Rising States, Anderson; and ship Louisa Cecilia, Fowler, founded on the following affidavit: "Adam Gilchrist, and J. S. Barker of Charleston, Merchants, being severally sworn according to law, deponeth, That the American Registered ship Resource, arrived from a foreign voyage in the port of Charleston about six months since, owned one half by the deponent, J. S. Barker, residing in Charleston, and the other half by American citizens residing in Baltimore; That the deponent representing the owners aforesaid, apprehensive that the bottom of the ship might, by her being detained here during the embargo, be totally destroyed by worms, did for that reason determine on sending her to Baltimore, and regularly advertised for freight to said port of Baltimore; That having obtained the promise and actually engaged the freight of about six hundred bales of cotton, it became requisite to ship either ballast or heavy freight, so as to enable the said ship to be navigated with safety; That ballast not being obtainable, these deponents, about three weeks since, agreed to carry to Baltimore about two hundred barrels of rice, freight free, and that the same was shipped by permit from the custom house, and under the inspection of a revenue officer about two weeks since, that on application for a clearance of the said ship and her cargo to Simeon Theus, Collector of the port of Charleston, duly commissioned and authorised to exercise and perform the duties of said public office of Collector of port aforesaid, he hath refused to grant clearance for said vessel and cargo—alleging that although he has no suspicion, that the clearance demanded is to cover an ostensible voyage to Baltimore, or to infringe or evade the existing laws, relative to the embargo, and although he admits that the said ship was laden previously to his receipt of the act of congress, respecting the embargo under date of the 25th of April, yet that he is bound to refuse such clearance, under the directions of the executive of the U. States, which he conceives he is bound to obey; That these deponents have just right under the law to obtain from said Simeon Theus, Collector aforesaid, the clearance so withheld and refused to be granted. ADAM GILCHRIST. J. SANFORD BARKER. Sworn to & me this 24th of May 1808. JOHN WARD Q. U. Upon the return of the rule the defendant showed the following cause: UNITED STATES, So. Carolina District. Federal Circuit Court. Exparte Simeon Theus, Esq. Collector of the Port of Charleston. Rule to show cause why a mandamus should not issue requiring him to grant clearances of certain vessels. Simeon Theus, Collector of the Port aforesaid on whom a copy of the above rule has been served for cause, SHOWETH: "That, in and by, a certain act of congress of the said U. States, passed the 25th day of April, 1808, it is, in the 11th section thereof, amongst other things, enacted: that the Collectors of the customs be, and they are hereby respectively authorized, to detain any vessel ostensibly bound with a cargo to some other port of the United States whenever in their opinion, the intention is to violate or evade any provisions of the acts laying an embargo, until the decision of the President of the United States, be had thereupon." Also, that in and by, a certain circular letter from the treasury department of the United States, dated the 6th of May, 1808, and addressed to the said Simeon Theus, as collector aforesaid, he is instructed as follows: [Here follows the circular instructions of Mr. Gallatin, inserted in the Enquirer of the 12th May.] That the said Simeon Theus, Collector aforesaid, doth not detain the vessels aforesaid, under the act aforesaid, because in his opinion there is no intention in the parties aforesaid to violate or evade any of the provisions of the acts laying an embargo, but that he detains them under the instructions which he has received in the letter aforesaid as a public officer he thinks he is bound to obey: That being unwilling, on the one hand, to injure individuals; and, on the other, equally so, to commit a breach of his duty, he submits the question to the court, upon the cause above shown. SIMEON THEUS, Collector. The case was then submitted without argument. JUDGE JOHNSON delivered the following opinion of the Court. "The affidavit, upon which this motion is founded states, that the ship Resource, is ballasted with 140 barrels of rice under a load of cotton, and is destined for the Port of Baltimore. The Collector, in his return to the rule, acknowledges, that he believes the port of Baltimore to be her real destination, and that, if he had no other rule of conduct, but the 11th section of the act, supplemental to the embargo act, he would not detain her; but urges in excuse, for refusing her a clearance, a letter from the secretary of the treasury. It is not denied that if the petitioners be legally entitled to a clearance, this court may interpose its authority by the writ of mandamus, to compel the collector to grant it. The only questions, therefore, will be, whether the section of the act alluded to, authorizes the detention of the vessel, and if it does not, whether the instructions of the President, through the secretary of the treasury, unsupported by an act of the congress, will justify the collector in that detention. On the latter question
there can be no doubt. This officers of our government, from the highest to the lowest, are equally subjected to legal restraint, and it is confidently believed that all of them feel themselves equally incapable, as well from law as inclination, to attempt an un sanctioned encroachment upon individual liberty. In the letter alluded to, Mr. Gallatin speaks only in the language of recommendation, not of command; at the utmost, the Collector could only plead the influence of advice, and not the authority of the treasury department in his justification. "In the act of congress there is no ambiguity. The object is to prevent evasions of the embargo act, by vessels which sail ostensibly for some port in the United States, when their real destination is to some other port or place. The granting of clearances is left absolutely at the discretion of the collector; the right of detaining in cases which excite suspicion is given him, with a reference to the will of the executive. Congress might have vested this discretion in the President, the secretary of the treasury, or any other officer, in whom they thought proper to vest it; but, having vested the right of granting or refusing in the collector, with an appeal to the President, only in case of refusal—the right of granting clearances remains in him unimpaired and unrestricted. "It does not appear to us that the instructions from the treasury department, are intended to reach this case. The recommendation not to grant clearances on shipments of provisions appears by the context to be restricted by two provisos, evidently pointed at by the reasons assigned for that recommendation. First, if intended for a place where they are not wanted for consumption, or we suppose, where supplies of the same article can be had from the state or neighbourhood in which such place is situated. Secondly, for a port which usually exports that article. Now with regard to the article of rice, it is impossible to say how much the City of Baltimore will want for its consumption, as they have no internal supplies and as the three southern states alone are exporters of that article. Shipments of rice, from Baltimore to Charleston might create suspicion, but not such shipments from Charleston to Baltimore. We are of opinion that the act of congress does not authorise the detention of this vessel. That without the sanction of law, the Collector is not justified by the instructions of the executive, in increasing restraints upon commerce, even if this case had been contemplated by the letter alluded to, but that from a temperate consideration of that letter, this case does not appear to come within the spirit and meaning of the instructions which it contains." A mandamus was ordered accordingly, commanding the collector to grant a clearance to the Resource.
The above case was decided on Saturday last, when several vessels, having rice on board, bound for the northern states, cleared at the custom house. The schooner Connecticut, captain WASSON, with passengers, a regular packet between this city and New York sailed Yesterday morning for that port. She was detained in Rebellion Roads by the Hornet sloop of war, and forbidden to proceed to sea with rice on board. She returned to town and landed her passengers.
ADDRESS TO THE PRESIDENT.
The following address was presented to the President of the United States, by the delegates of the general ward meeting of the city of Philadelphia, in March last—Owing to public engagements at the close of the session of congress, an answer was delayed until the end of May; and it is now published by the chairman of the meeting, for the general information of their constituents. Aurora.
TO THOMAS JEFFERSON, PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES.
At an epoch so fruitful of events, so calculated to awaken vigilance, and embarrass deliberation, when a foreign nation always insidious and unfriendly, and recently hostile, multiplies her injuries and asserts a power unwarranted by the usages of nations, and un sanctioned by any rule of right; the delegates of the democratic republicans of the city of Philadelphia, in general ward committee assembled, in behalf of themselves and their constituents, mingle with their fellow citizens of the union, the assurances of their entire approbation of the public measures, adopted, pursued, and recommended by you. They have evinced foresight and precaution, the evidence of wisdom, and the anticipation of safety; they have given a dignified and imposing attitude to our nation, and amidst the perils surrounding her, are securing her interests, while the uplifted arm of war is suspended by the boldness and composure, with which it is served. Nor can we behold without indignant feelings, the arraigning of the most salutary counsels, and the condemnation of the most patriotic measures by the disaffected; while we see British outrage palliated, and aggression justified by the devoted partisans of Great-Britain, in the very bosom of the country: although we applaud the toleration which permits such evils, yet we cannot repress the emotions of disgust and abhorrence which they excite. The peace and prosperity of our loved country should war, unavoidable war, be her lot; yet ardour will be animated in her defence, by considerations of the necessity, honor, and justice of our cause. In such an event we will front the foreign enemy, our vigilance, shall be active and untired. That treason which embraces, with parental and un distinguishing care, all its citizens, committing no oppressions, and arousing by no acts individual animosity, should be planned, detected the most mortifying reflections; but that none could doubt, should be shielded from a just punishment by judicial subtleties, excites in our bosoms the most affecting sensations. Impunity seemed to be insured the deepest crime, where the judge is the enemy of the administration, or the

riend of the criminal. But we confidently trust, that the people, with united voice, will call for the remedy of an evil which menaces our happy institutions with vital mischief.
Nor can we omit to deplore the desertion of the common cause of republican principles, by a class of our fellow citizens, who formerly co-operated with us, in the discomfiture and overthrow of federalism, and all the train of evils which hastened the destruction of our peace and liberties. When they at first united themselves with our political adversaries, in various sections of the state, we were still willing to ascribe their aberration, rather to the effect of temporary delusion; or misguided resentment, circumscribed by local limits, than to a deliberate abandonment of those broad and fundamental principles which they assisted, by their suffrages, to achieve and establish. We cannot, however, longer disguise, while we deeply regret, that recent occurrences in our state legislature, and more especially an opposition to acts embracing cardinal points in national policy, and above all, the hostility to the embargo, a measure, proved by every day's experience, to have been conceived in the happiest foresight, and fraught with benefit and safety, but too plainly indicate their final enlistment on the side of federalism, to revive and to re-establish a power, which they so honorably a few short years ago, aided to oppose and prostrate. Hostility to measures of such a nature, in which the foreign nation will not discern the baleful influence of faction, but attribute to the disaffection of this important state, we sincerely deprecate, and from our knowledge of public feeling and sentiment, protest against. We are persuaded the people will not witness the abuse of their power with tameness, but will spurn a coalition formed by their representatives, to the sacrifice of national honor, policy, and patriotism; that they will again rally round that standard of principle, which was triumphantly unfurled at your election to the presidency, and which has since conducted the nation, through unobstructed freedom, to an elevated and envied prosperity. We see nothing in the present state of our country, to dismay, or even to damp the feelings of the high minded American. We behold in a temporary suspension of our commerce, an ephemeral and doubtful evil, producing a great, a growing and a lasting good. We see arising out of this cause, the prolific sources of our internal wealth explored, and with industry and ability directed through channels, which while they benefit the enterprise, enrich our country with solid wealth, and make her more independent and happy.
We likewise deem this, Sir, a proper occasion, and one to which we are peculiarly invited by our feelings, to felicitate you on the success of your administration of our happy government, rendered still more happy by the zeal, the wisdom, and spirit of liberty with which it has been administered. In yielding our homage to the motives, which have induced your voluntary retirement from public life, while surrounded by the warmest affections of the people, we derive consolation from the consideration, that your example may operate on all future presidents to pursue a course which has added lustre to your character, already dear to liberty and to your country. And now permit us to assure you that our prayers for your repose and happiness, will follow you to the shades of private life, which we hope will be impenetrable to the breath of slander and the shafts of calumny, and will be fanned by no breeze, but the incense of grateful hearts, for long, faithful, and disinterested services.
THOMAS LEIPER, Chairman. Attest. GEORGE BARTRAM, Secretary.
THE ANSWER. To the delegates of the democratic republicans of the city of Philadelphia, in general ward committee assembled. The epoch, fellow citizens, into which our lot has fallen, has indeed been fruitful of events, which require vigilance, and embarrassed deliberation. That, during such a period of difficulty, and amidst the perils surrounding us, the public measures which have been pursued should meet your approbation, is a source of great satisfaction.
It was not expected, in this age, that nations, so honorably distinguished by their advances in science and civilization, would suddenly cast away the esteem they had merited from the world, and revolting from the empire of morality, assume a character in history, which all the tears of their posterity will never wash from its pages. But during this delirium of the warring powers, the ocean having become a field of lawless violence, a suspension of our navigation, for a time, was equally necessary to avoid contest or enter it with advantage. This measure will indeed produce some temporary inconvenience; but promises lasting good, by promoting among ourselves the establishment of manufactures hitherto sought abroad, at the risk of collisions no longer regulated by the laws of reason or morality.
It is to be lamented that any of our citizens, not thinking with the mass of the nation as to the principles of our government, or of its administration, and seeing all its proceedings with a prejudiced eye, should so misconceive and misrepresent our situation as to encourage aggression from foreign nations. Our expectation is that their distempered views will be understood by others, as they are by ourselves. But should war be the consequence of those delusions, and the errors of our dissatisfied citizens find atonement only in the blood of their sonnder brethren, we must meet it as an evil necessarily flowing from that liberty of speaking and writing which guards our other liberties, and that we have entire confidence in the assurances that your ardor will be animated, in the conflict brought on, by considerations of the necessity, honor and justice of our cause.
I sincerely thank you, fellow citizens, for the concern you so kindly express for my future happiness. It is a high and abundant reward for endeavors to be useful; and I supplicate the care of providence over the well-being of yourselves and our beloved country.
TH: JEFFERSON. May 25, 1808. We are informed that the Marquis Yrujo has received letters from Spain, stating that all the American vessels carried into the ports of Spain, under the Milan decree, had been released, and that those detained in French ports were also expected to be immediately released.
Late letters from Spain contain the pleasing intelligence, that all the American vessels carried into Spanish ports, in consequence of the Milan decree, had been released; and a strong pre-
sumption arises out of this circumstance that vessels similarly situated in French and Dutch ports, will also be liberated. The whole number of vessels carried into France and Holland, under this decree, as far as can be enumerated, amount to about 35 sail, valued at nearly two millions of dollars. Ref.
Our accounts from below induce the belief, that the French privateer Superior, has put to sea, and as she has a large amount of money on board, it is most probable, she will not hazard a cruise, but proceed immediately for St. Domingo. Ib.
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY, ON THE SUBJECT OF PUBLIC ROADS & CANALS, Made in pursuance OF A RESOLUTION OF SENATE OF MARCH 2.
[CONTINUED.] GREAT CANALS, ALONG THE ATLANTIC SEA COAST.
The map of the United States will show that they possess a tide-water inland navigation, secure from storms and enemies, and which, from Massachusetts to the southern extremity of Georgia, is principally, if not solely, interrupted by four necks of land. These are the isthmus of Barnstable; that part of New-Jersey, which extends from the Rariton to the Delaware; the peninsula between the Delaware and the Chesapeake; and that low and marshy tract which divides the Chesapeake from Albemarle sound. It is ascertained that a navigation for sea vessels, drawing eight feet of water, may be effected across the three last; and a canal is also believed to be practicable, not perhaps across the isthmus of Barnstable, but from the harbor of Boston to that of Rhode Island. The Massachusetts canal would be about 26, the New-Jersey about 28, and each of the two southern about 22 miles in length, making altogether less than 100 miles.
Should this great work, the expense of which, as will hereafter be shown, is estimated at about three millions of dollars, be accomplished, a sea vessel entering the first canal in the harbor of Boston, would, through the bay of Rhode Island, Long Island sound, and the harbor of New-York, reach Brunswick from the Rariton; thence pass through the second canal to Trenton on the Delaware, down that river to Christiana, or New-Castle, and through the third canal of Elk river, and the Chesapeake; whence sailing down that bay and up Elizabeth river, it would, through the fourth canal, enter the Albemarle sound, and by Pamptico, Core, and Bogue sounds, reach Beaufort in South-Carolina. From the last mentioned place, the inland navigation, thro' Stump and Toomer's sounds, is continued with a diminished draft of water, and by cutting two low and narrow necks, not exceeding three miles together, to Cape Fear river; and thence by an open but short and direct run along the coast, to the main, the inland navigation is continued to St. Mary's, along the coast of South-Carolina and Georgia. It is unnecessary to add any comments on the utility of the work, in peace or war, for the transportation of merchandise, or the conveyance of persons.
The several papers under the letter (A) herewith transmitted, contain the information which has been received on those several intended communications. The substance will now be stated.
I. MASSACHUSETTS CANAL. 1. Sandwich isthmus, between Barnstable bay on the north, and Buzzards bay on the south, had first attracted the public attention. Surveys and levels were taken, for the purpose of ascertaining the practicability of opening a cross cut, to be supplied by the sea-tide, from the mouth of Back river, in Buzzards bay, to the mouth of Sennet river, in Barnstable bay. The distance was found to exceed seven miles; the elevation of the highest intermediate ground is forty feet above low water mark in Barnstable bay; the depth of water at the mouth of Back river, does not at low water, exceed seven feet and a half; and the channel to that spot through Buzzards bay is obstructed by shoals. The tide which rises but three feet and a half in that bay, rises three hours and a half later, and more than eighteen feet in that of Barnstable. The shore on which that formidable tide would operate, is an open beach, without any harbor or shelter whatever. Independent of other obstacles, it was apprehended that the same natural causes, which had formed the isthmus, might fill the canal or make a bar at its entrance; and the project seems to have been abandoned.
2. The ground was also examined between Barnstable harbor on the north, and Hyannis harbor on the south, at some distance east of Sandwich. The breadth of the Peninsula does not exceed here four miles and a half, and there would be an harbor at each end of the canal. The same difference exists in the tides which rise four feet in Hyannis and sixteen feet in Barnstable harbor. The entrance of this is obstructed by shoals; but the great obstacle to a cross cut, is the elevation of the intermediate ground, estimated at eighty feet above low water. Navigable ponds on that high ground might perhaps form part of a lock canal, and supply the remainder with water. But a canal frozen in winter, would not have effected the great object in view which was to enable vessels from sea, to proceed in winter from Martha's Vineyard to Boston, without sailing around Cape Cod. Although the difficulty of the navigation from Boston to Barnstable, diminishes the utility of this communication, as one of the great links in this line of inland navigation, it may be resorted to, should that which will be next mentioned, prove impracticable for sea vessels.
3. The attention of the legislature of Massachusetts, under whose authority the grounds at Sandwich and Barnstable, had been examined, has lately been turned to a direct communication between Weymouth landing, within the harbor of Boston and Taunton river, which empties into the bay of Rhode Island. A favorable report has been made, during the last session, of which a copy has lately been obtained. The distance from tide water to tide water, is 26 miles by one route, and 23 1/2 miles by another. The highest intermediate ground, is 183 feet above tide water, but must be reduced ten feet by digging to that depth, the length of a mile. Two ponds known by the names of Weymouth and Cranberry, the largest and least elevated of which cover five hundred acres and is 14 feet higher than the summit of the proposed canal, will supply the upper locks with water by feeders four miles long. Whether the quantity of water contained in those ponds and estimated equal to a daily supply of 450,000 cubic feet, will be sufficient for a sloop navigation; and whether any other ponds or streams may be brought in aid, does not seem to be fully ascertained. After descending 23 feet towards Weymouth, and 70 towards Taunton, an ample supply from the lower locks, will be derived from other large ponds, the principal of which are known by the names of Braintree and Nippinick.
The expense may, on a supposition that the route is partly through a rocky soil, be estimated as follows: Digging 26 miles, at $ 30,000 a mile, $ 780,000 Lockage 260 feet, at $ 1,250 a foot, 325,000 Feeders, purchase of land, &c. 145,000 1,250,000
II. NEW-JERSEY CANAL. A company was incorporated some years ago, by the legislature of New-Jersey, for opening a canal between the Rariton and the Delaware.
Acting under the erroneous opinion that the navigation of small rivers might be improved and used as a canal, the company intended to have united, by a cross cut of one mile, the Assapink or Trenton Creek, with Stony Brook, a branch of Millstone river, and to have descended Trenton Creek to the Delaware, and Stony Brook, and Millstone river, to the Rariton. The capital, which was inadequate, was not paid; but their survey of the intended route, has shown the impracticability of a canal for sea vessels, on a proper plan.
The distance from Brunswick to Trenton is 26 miles, and the only obstacle in the way is the "Sand Hills," some distance west of Brunswick. These may, it is said, be avoided by a deviation which would not increase the distance more than two miles, and they may at all events be perforated, as has been done by the turnpike company, who have opened a road on a straight line between the two towns, without having in any place an angle or ascent, of more than three degrees.
The highest intermediate ground between Assapink and Stony Brook, is only fifty feet above tide water; and it is suggested that the summit level may be taken seven feet lower, cutting seven miles through a peat meadow, between the confluence of Assapink, and Shippunkank creeks, and Rowley's mill, near the confluence of Stony Brook and Millstone river.
An adequate supply of water will be drawn by short feeders, from Philip's springs, Trenton creek, Stony brook, and Millstone river, all of which are more elevated than the route of the canal, the "Sand Hills" excepted.
The depth of water at the two extremities of the canal, taken at low water, are - feet at Brunswick, and ten feet at Lambert, one mile below Trenton.
The expense may be estimated as follows: Digging 26 miles, at $20,000 per mile 560,000 Lockage, 100 feet, (probably less) at $250 per foot, 125,000 Feeders, purchase of land, and water rights, 115,000 8,800,000
From the Salem Gazette of 31st May.
Captain Hassam, of the Joanna, which arrived here on Saturday, informs us, that the late revolution in the government of Spain was spoken of there with approbation. The Prince of Peace, he further says, was not beheaded, as we have heard; but it was reported that Bonaparte had demanded that he should be sent to France, in order to have his trial there. Notwithstanding his devotion for many years to the views of France, and the control he has had over the Spanish councils in producing a uniform concurrence in those views, still there is now a popular impression that he was in the English interest. It seems that he had thought it prudent to retreat from the gathering storms, and it is said had remitted treasures to England preparatory to his flight; and perhaps that recently, for his personal safety in his meditated plan, he may have found it expedient to endeavor to regain the favor of the English court. In Bilbao there were no French troops and a few days previous to captain Hassam's departure all the Spanish troops which had been stationed there (only 2 or 3000) had been sent away, it was said to about ten or twelve miles distance. The place presented a melancholy scene of distress, by means of the annihilation of commerce. The people prayed for an end to the war, hoping it would alleviate their sufferings.
BOSTON, May 31.
Yesterday in the House of Representatives, the report of the committee appointed to examine and count the votes for Governor, was received from the Senate, where it had been accepted.
The committee stated, that they found the whole number of votes for Governor to be 81,137 Necessary to a choice 40,574 That his excellency JAMES SULLIVAN, esq. has 41,193 Majority 619 For Lt. Gov. Whole number 79,730 Necessary to a choice 39,866 That His Hon. LEVI LINCOLN has 40,344 Majority 478
The House concurred in accepting this report. In estimating the votes for Governor and Lt. Governor, those from Plantations were rejected. This arose from a conscientious adherence to constitutional ground, although it did not affect the result.
NEW YORK, June 4.
Since the arrival of the United States sloop of war Wasp at Passamaquoddy, a great number of boats have been seized smuggling flour. The vessels there which have not discharged their cargoes will take them away again; flour, &c. which is landed is not allowed to be taken away unless bonds are given, and the amount thereof in specie deposited at the custom house. All the stores are strictly guarded, and no sale for flour at any price. The agent of government, who was sent there to execute the laws, has been taken into custody by the commanding officer of the Wasp, as being concerned in smuggling.
The following is the species of information on which CHEETHAM and LANG, of New-York, give their readers. Cheetham says the votes will be
   Clinton. Madison. Fed. Doubtful.     New Hampshire 7 0 0 0   Massachusetts 0 0 0 19   Rhode Island 0 0 4 0   Connecticut 0 0 9 0   Vermont 0 0 0 6   New-York 19 0 0 0   Pennsylvania 20 0 0 0   Delaware 0 0 3 0   Maryland 5 3 3 0   Virginia 0 0 0 23   N. Carolina 8 3 3 0   S. Carolina 10 0 0 0   Georgia 6 0 0 0   Kentucky 4 4 0 0   Ohio 0 8 0 0   Tennessee 3 2 0 0   90 15 22 48  
To this Cheetham subjoins the following observations - "To those who are intimately acquainted with the politics of the different states, there cannot be either a mitchcraft or deception in this estimate, as such are as competent to judge for themselves as I am for them!! and to those who are not so acquainted, little can be added, but the assurance that it has been made with care, and is the result of an honest and honest entertainment." To show the honesty of this very honest man - we shall quote what he says about Pennsylvania.
Pennsylvania elects by general ticket; she has 20 votes. In March last the state convention, chosen by the respective counties to nominate a gubernatorial candidate, and electors of President, &c. met at Lancaster, and nominated Mr. Snyder; and electors, who are understood and
believed to be in favor of Clinton and Monroe at the head of the electors thus recommended to the people's choice, is the venerable GERRIT SMITH, secretary to Congress during the revolution, and who is decidedly in favor of the election of Clinton. A disorganizing attempt was lately made by Duane, editor of the Aurora, to over-awe the opinion of the electors so recommended. For this purpose he convened a meeting in the city of Philadelphia, consisting of guides, federalists, and some of the friends of Mr. Snyder. This meeting, following the example of the quid convention, which after the Republican, was held at Lancaster, agreed to recommend Mr. Madison. The friends of Mr. Snyder, who are the republican party of the state, dissented with a few exceptions from the recommendation to support Madison. But Duane, whose enmity to judges and juries is known, who has long been laboring to introduce into that state the jurisprudence of France, and who by his turbulence and disorganizing schemes had well nigh destroyed the republican party in this important portion of the union, can make little or no diversion in favor of Mr. Madison. Pennsylvania may be safely set down for Clinton and Monroe.
Upon Cheetham's honest statement, Lang offers the following -
Cheetham, in the American Citizen of yesterday morning, has amused himself by giving a statement of votes for president - and claims 90 for the "venerable George Clinton."
Perhaps the following may be as near the truth: Probable votes for general Pinckney, the Federal candidate -
   Massachusetts, 19   Rhode Island, 4   Connecticut, 9   Vermont, 6   Pennsylvania, 20   Delaware, 3   Maryland, 3   North-Carolina, 14   South-Carolina, 10   88  
Being a majority for Federalists.
What would you think, Mr. Cheetham, if New-York and New-Jersey, were also to return federal electors? There is no improbability in it.
Now will any man in Pennsylvania refuse to say that Lang and Cheetham, are each as honest as the other? - Aurora.
New proof of Cheetham's "correctness"
Perhaps there is not one man in Virginia who does not think it absolutely certain that Mr. Madison will have the vote of this state.
Virginia elects by general ticket; she has 23 votes. This state has three parties; the Monroe and Madison parties, which are powerful, and the federal party, which circumstances may raise to consideration. It is said that the Monroe party will succeed, and I think that this is probable. In this case, Clinton will in Virginia be voted for as President, and Monroe as Vice-President. But since it is uncertain which party will succeed, and that the chances are nearly equal, Virginia may be set down as a doubtful state.
An Italian Ode, composed lately by Mr. Da Ponte, on the present situation of this country, was so well received in London, that 40,000 copies were sold in less than a fortnight. It is a part of the fifteenth century, received a good deal of attention from the republic of Venice, for Latin verses which perhaps were not more elegant than those of Mr. Da Ponte. Had this charming Poet met with the good fortune of Sanazzaro, he would not now have been under the necessity of procuring a bare subsistence in the city of New-York by teaching young children their A. B. C. - Merc. Adv.
CHARLESTON, May 27.
HAIL STORM.
On the 16th inst. there was a very heavy hail storm at St. Mary's - some of the hail stones measured 9 inches in circumference. At some distance from the town, it was attended with a violent tornado, which very much injured several plantations, on the Florida side.
May 30.
The detention of the schooner Connecticut, mentioned in the preceding page, it has since appeared, arose altogether from the Lieutenant, who commanded the Hornet at the time, not being acquainted with the decision of the court of Saturday. The Connecticut sailed again this morning; and, it is understood, that no molestation will in future be offered to any coasting vessel, regularly cleared at the Custom-House.
May, 31.
It is with pleasure we inform our fellow citizens, that the Upper Battery of Fort Johnson is now ready for mounting the Ordnance, and the Lower Battery in a state of forwardness. We venture to say, the plans of the said Batteries are well laid and the workmanship done in a substantial and neat manner, and will, without doubt, when finished, do credit to Major M'Comb, who planned the work, and Mr. John M'Frazier, the master carpenter, who carried the same into effect.
Governor Hull has written to Judge Woodward, of the Michigan territory, announcing his re-appointment for the ensuing 3 years, and his desire for the judge to swear him into office. The judge in reply congratulates him on his re-appointment, but informs him that he is not vested with that authority, and that no officer now existing by law, can perform that duty; of course the Governor must perform his duty without an oath until the next session of congress, who must make provision for a dilemma into which their neglect had thrown that officer. Balt. Amer.
Two passengers who came in the French imperial schooner Superior, from St. Domingo, have sworn before Judge Wolbert of Philadelphia, that the capture of the schooner Lovely Lucy, of Baltimore, was the result of deception practised by capt. Knowles on captain Brouard, which was discovered after the capt. of the Lovely Lucy had been examined and treated politely. The Lovely Lucy was stated to be bound to Savannah in Georgia, but varied her course, and having 700 barrels of flour on board, she was afterwards taken and directed to Samana for further examination. Ib.
ALEXANDRIA, June 2.
We understand that Robert Brent is named successor to Major Swan, who resigns on the first of August the place of paymaster of the army
IMPORTANT.
Extract of a letter from Gov. Sevier of Tennessee to his friend in this place, dated, Marble Springs, May 14, 1808. By last mail I received an express from General Jackson, stating that 440 Creeks and 12 whites have taken a position on the south bank of the Tennessee near the mouth of Duck river, and had killed near about 20 persons and took some horses, &c.
If this be true we shall have warm work this summer, I have given him orders to dislodge them, and otherwise to take defensive measures only until further orders.
In addition to the above, we are informed that two companies of militia from West Tennessee, have been ordered out, and are now on duty on the frontiers, in order to protect the citizens from the depredations of the Indians, who are becoming very troublesome.
FURTHER CONFIRMED.
BRIGADE ORDERS. Mauray County, April 27, 1808.
GENTLEMEN.
"I HAVE lately received information from Gen. Andrew Jackson that the Indians have murdered three families, consisting of twenty-one persons, a small distance below the mouth of Duck river and too days previous to that (which should have been done on the 5th inst.) they attacked a boat of major Colbert's in Tennessee river, on board of which were five white men - They killed two and wounded three, one of which have since died of his wounds. The general's informant reports, that there are encamped on the south bank of the Tennessee, a hostile band of Creek Indians, amounting to four hundred and forty, and with them 12 white men. If this be the case, it is high time to prepare for war. I am ordered by the general, without delay, to place and keep my brigade in complete readiness, so that I may, if called on furnish my quota with the shortest notice, and wait his further orders, or the orders of government - you will therefore immediately make such arrangements in your respective regiments as will ensure to you and me the confidence of our country. You will direct the volunteers within your regiments to be in readiness and on the alert, as they will be considered as minute men, if emergency should require, or a call from the President."
We are informed, that captain CARMACK, of the Marines, is appointed a Lieutenant-Colonel in the additional military army; and Mr. GEORGE VASHON of Princess Anne County, a Captain. - Norfolk Herald.
EUROPE.
FURTHER EXTRACTS FROM LONDON PAPERS.
LONDON, April 15.
The following account has been received of the treacherous means by which the French hoped to obtain possession of the Citadel of Pampeluna, (Spain)
"On the 16th of February, early in the morning, a party of about thirty French soldiers, with two officers, went, as is usual to the Citadel with empty bags, in order to receive rations. Under pretence of sheltering themselves from a shower of snow, they took refuge in the guard-room at the gate; here watching an opportunity, they seized the arms of the guard, which consisted of 12 Spanish soldiers and an officer, and knocked down the sentinel, who attempted to make resistance. At a signal given by one of the French, two hundred soldiers, with arms came to their assistance, entered the Citadel with an officer, overpowered the advanced guard, composed of four soldiers and an Officer, threatening the latter because he made some opposition, and took possession of all the batteries. They also gave a hint to about 200 soldiers who were quartered in the fortress, that if they did not submit they might abide by the consequences. Successfully then entered about 1000 French soldiers, who had held themselves in readiness for this purpose from two in the morning, but observing till then the greatest silence, and artfully concealing themselves. They afterwards made themselves masters of the bridges of the town, and of the powder magazine, about half a league distant, retaining in the citadel only 110 Spanish soldiers, to a duty alternately with them.
The same day the following letter was addressed to the Deputies by Duvagnac, Commander of Division -
Pampeluna, Feb. 16th, 1808.
"Gentlemen, Understanding that we are to remain some time in Pampeluna, I feel myself obliged to ensure its safety in a military manner; (with this view) accordingly, I have ordered a battalion to repair to the citadel in order to garrison it and to do duty along with the Spanish troops. I beseech you to consider this only as a trifling chance, incapable of disturbing the harmony (interrupting the good understanding) which ought to subsist between the two faithful allies.
Have the goodness to represent it in this light to your fellow citizens and be assured of the perfect consideration with which I am your servant
DAVAAGNAC, Commander of Division."
GIBRALTAR, March 19.
The Carthagena squadron arrived from Palma Bay into Port Mahon. Letters from Spain state Bonaparte to have arrived at Madrid. It appears that previous to his trusting himself in Spain, he thought it proper to secure the east and west passes, and accordingly ordered the Citadels of Barcelona and Pampeluna to be occupied by his troops.
The following papers have reached the garrison in the course of this week.
PROCLAMATION
ISSUED AT BARCELONA.
"As the measures adopted under the present circumstances do in no respect obstruct nor alter the system of Government, nor the arrangements of Magistrates, Superior Officers and Courts of Justice, neither do they disturb public or private order, it is proper and necessary to preserve perfect quiet and tranquility. To promote this important object we will unite with one accord, Superior Officers, Magistrates, troops, Spanish as well as French, the Allies of his Majesty; with this view, the subject having been discussed in the royal councils, we order all and every one of the housekeepers and persons residing in this city, to co-operate by his conduct and carry into effect the intentions of Government with the greatest zeal, and we exhort in a particular manner the heads of houses and the fathers of families to preserve that which principally contributes to the welfare of the community, tranquility; and in order that this may come to the knowledge of all, and that no one may plead ignorance, we command, that this edict be published and affixed to all the public places of this city with the usual formalities.
(Signed)

stating that this measure is taken for pacific purposes. This Proclamation has occasioned a fall in the Vales, from 63 to 60. The number of French troops which have entered Spain exceeds 150,000 men. A French force is daily expected at Malaga. Considerable gloom prevails throughout Spain.
Some private letters have been received from Copenhagen to the 27th ult. and from Hamburg to the 25th instant. It is said that there are twenty-seven privateers, British and Swedish, flying in the several passages or straits which surround the Danish dominions.
Extract of a letter from Mr. Christopher Redick, late mate of the brig Fame, of Providence, to Messrs. Amasa and William Mason, owners of said brig, dated London, April 15, 1808.
"On the 26th of February ult. the brig Fame sailed from Lisbon. The same evening she was taken possession of by the British Frigate Commerce, who took out the crew, and put on board seven men and a prize master and ordered the brig for England. On the 8th of March she was in a small cove, in which capt. James Ham, our late commander, and a man belonging to the brig were washed overboard, and unfortunately drowned. On the 24th of March the Fame arrived at Falmouth; where she is detained. Her case is to be tried in the Admiralty Court here, which is adjourned to the 3d of May."
BOSTON, May 31.
NEWS FROM SPAIN.
LATEST FROM SPAIN. —We have been obligingly favored by our correspondent in Salem with the interesting intelligence that follows:— "This day (May 28) arrived the ship Joanna, Capt. Hussun (30 days from Bilbao). The Prince of Peace had not been beheaded, as has been reported. Every thing appeared to be quietly settling under the new King in Spain. The Joanna was originally bound to Bilbao, but had her register endorsed by the Englishmen. She however proceeded for her port, and was taken by a Spanish boat within sight of it. No condemnation of American vessels had taken place in Spain under the Blockading decrees. The court of Admiralty at Madrid cleared vessel and cargo. The brig Betsey, Hooper, of Boston, waiting trial."
By Mr. Gray's vessel, which has arrived at Salem, from Spain, His Catholic Majesty's consul in this town, received files of the Gazette of Madrid, to the 27th of April, inclusive.
The Emperor Napoleon left Paris on the 2d of April, for Bordeaux. On the road, he was met by the Ambassador from the new King of Spain—who presented his credentials to him as he sat in his coach. The Emperor informed that he would give him audience in the first city at which he might stop. The Ambassador was necessitated to change his carriage, to endeavor to keep up with him. Napoleon proceeded to Bordeaux, where he visited the different public buildings, the river, &c.
The late King of Spain had published a proclamation declaring that he voluntarily abdicated the throne in favor of his son Ferdinand, whom he called on all his subjects to obey—at the same time he recommended to his son to keep in office the old ununsuspected public servants.
King Ferdinand had proceeded to Victoria, (which is 135 miles N. of Madrid, and 32 S. E. of Bilbao,) to meet the Emperor Napoleon, and conduct him to Madrid, where it is expected the marriage of the King with the Emperor's niece, will be solemnized—and the coronation take place.
The Prince of Peace had not been punished, nor even tried—and nothing criminal had been found against persons at first suspected as connected with him.
WEST-INDIES.
BOSTON, May 31.
[PER THE DELIGHT]
St. Johns, (Antigua) May 3. His Majesty's ship Gove, of 16 guns, Capt. Spears, has lately fought a very gallant action off the Saints with two French national brigs. We are sorry it is not in our power to communicate the particulars of this brilliant encounter. Each of the enemy's vessels was of equal or superior force to the Gove, and in addition to their complements of men, contained, it is conjectured, about 250 soldiers apiece. The engagement was spirited and the British suffered considerably in the unequal conflict, but ultimately succeeded in driving their antagonists into the harbor of the Saints, where they are now blockaded by the Victors and another man of war.
SALES AT AUCTION.
ON Wednesday the 15th inst. will be sold, the following PROPERTY , belonging to the estate of Marcus Elcan , deceased, (viz.) an excellent three story BRICK HOUSE on the main street, [formerly opposite the Old City Tavern,] well calculated for a store, and completely fitted for the reception of a genteel family, being well finished and having all necessary out houses, with a sufficiency of ground for a garden. The house is 22 feet front—the lot on which it stands, is 60 feet in front, and extends from the street to the river bank.
Twelve months credit will be given the purchaser of this property—the payment of the purchase money to be secured both by personal security and a deed of trust. The sale will take place on the premises at 10 o'clock, A. M.
At the same time and place, will be sold, two years lease (from the 1st May last,) of that valuable TANTARD , with the Dwelling House attached thereto, lately in the occupancy of Mr. Elcan, and belonging to the estate of Jacob Bockius—the purchaser of this lease, will after the expiration thereof, have the privilege of finishing any materials which may at that time be in the vats, or otherwise unfinished, after being tanned.
Payment of the annual amount of the purchase money, will be required at the expiration of each year (30th April)
Will also be rented, at the same time and place, until the first of October next, the STABLE and DWELLING-HOUSE nearly opposite the Bell-Tavern, lately occupied by Mr. Elcan, possessing almost every convenience for a family, having a stable, kitchen, lumberhouse, &c. &c. The rent will be payable on the 1st of October next.
Also, will be sold for cash, if under 30 dollars, and if above 6 months credit, one Share in the Richmond Library, & one Share in the Richmond Theatre; and for cash, a Military certificate of 148 dollars.
The payments for all the above-mentioned property sold on a credit, must be secured by approved endorsed notes negotiable and payable at the Bank of Virginia.
By order of the Executors, JAMES BROWN, Jr. Aucr. (til)
June 10.
MURDOCKS, Donald & Co. against Lucy Dixon, widow of James Dixon, and Sarah, John, Nancy, and Patsy, children and heirs of said James Dixon.
By virtue of a decree of the court of the United States for the fifth circuit and Virginia district, will be sold on the first day of July next, at public auction, for ready money, a tract of LAND in the county of Louisa whereof John Richmond died seized and possessed, and which is now in the possession of the above named Lucy Dixon and the children and heirs of James Dixon, dec'd. or so much thereof as shall be sufficient to satisfy the demand of the plaintiffs in the said decree mentioned, and the expenses attending the sale.
By Joseph Scott, Marshall V. D. June 10. (Jawd)
THE ENQUIRER.
RICHMOND, JUNE 10, 1808.
No. 111.
SUBMISSION—OR—EMBARGO?
We have attempted to shew, that the British Orders would have at least reduced our Exports from 108 to 32 millions of dollars;—that is, they would have at least destroyed 3/4ths of our whole commerce.—We shall now attempt to shew, that even this very small residue would be productive of very little benefit to our country; that it would bring the farmer a very small price for his produce; and the merchant a small profit for his capital.
It is first necessary however, to notice one objection to the estimate which we have already adopted.—This objection occurs in the celebrated Speech of P. B. Key, made in opposition to the Embargo. By adopting another mode of estimation, Mr. Key has indirectly condemned our own. His estimate is thus stated:
"By the Treasurer's statement laid on our desks, it appears that the aggregate of domestic produce exported the last year, was $ 46,699,592"
"By domestic produce is meant the produce of the sea and our soil from our own labor, except about 2,000,000 of our manufactures. I will not interfere with foreign articles exported by us—I mean exclusively, our own inherent, indigenous, absolute produce, growing out of our own labor."
"Of that amount, there was exported in the last year to the continent of Europe, &c. and now interdicted by the British decrees of council, as follows:
[Here follows the detailed list of our exports of domestic produce to the interdicted countries amounting to - - - 9,762,204]
Leaving an amount of domestic produce free to } $ 36,937,388] be exported.
"This surplus of $ 36,937,388 of our own produce, is not interdicted by the British orders of council, nor within the physical power of France to obstruct, & is only prohibited from exportation by the operation of the embargo—for I shall not notice the French decree, it is brutum fulmen . The excessive folly of the emperor's decree, can only be equalled by his weakness and incapacity to execute it."
The propriety of Mr. Key's abandoning our foreign exports, has thus been exposed.
"A faithful statement must comprehend our whole trade, and not be limited to our exports of domestic produce. Mr. Key knows, every man at all conversant in the course taken by our trade knows, that the amount of our export of domestic produce depends in a great degree on the amount of our foreign trade. It is evident that in proportion to the amount and variety of the articles exported will be that of the articles imported; and it is equally obvious that the ability of foreign nations to take off our domestic produce must greatly depend upon the extent of our purchases from them. The whole are in fact connected, and you cannot curtail the one without abridging the other. Nor can I conceive, in the present state of things, how it is possible rationally to draw a line between the benefit derived to us from the exportation of domestic and foreign articles. If we have a redundancy of the latter, it is as much our interest to dispose of them as of our products, to those who want them. Their value is the same. The only difference is that money was the price of one and labour of the other." Nat. Int.
To these statements it might have been added, that however doubtful may have been the propriety of our pursuing this foreign trade, yet many of these exports are now as much the property of our own citizens as our native productions; and that even Mr. Key's estimate does not embrace about the $9,000,000 worth of domestic produce, which would not have been exported to the West-Indies.
Two very curious circumstances here present themselves, which are not unworthy of a moment's attention. These will serve to display the strange inconsistencies, into which the spirit of party is so apt to betray the federal enemies of the administration.
These men have hitherto pretended to be the exclusive friends of commerce. These men have reproached the administration with an uniform antipathy to the interests of trade.—How consistent with their practice of these gentlemen with their professions !—Here is Mr. Key, the mouth-piece and idol of his party, wholly abandoning forty-eight millions of our trade, without the slightest equivalent.
On this very question, the federalists of the North have attempted to array the North in opposition to the South; they have stigmatized the Embargo as a Southern, or at least a Virginia measure; and quoted it as a new proof of the inveterate hostility entertained by the Southern States towards foreign commerce. And what is the fact ?
Let the following lists of the domestic and foreign Exports , from two of the Northern and two of the Southern States, determine:
   Domestic Produce. Foreign Produce.     Massachusetts, 6,183,748 13,926,377   New-York, 9,957,416 16,400,847   16,141,164 30,326,924   Virginia, 4,393,521 367,713   S. Carolina, 7,129,365 3,783,199   11,522,886 4,150,912  
Thus it appears, that whilst the Domestic Exports of two of the Southern States are nearly thrice as great as their foreign exports—the foreign exports of Massachusetts and New-York are nearly twice as great as their domestic exports. The southern states however, are not less warmly attached to the Embargo than their brethren of the north. They feel too great a sympathy in sympathy in the general interests of the union; they have too much concern in all the foreign trade of this country; their own domestic Exports are too seriously affected by the British Orders in Council; and they are too indignant at such lawless encroachments, ever to submit to such injustice without a struggle.
What follows?—If Mr. Key's narrow plan of calculation be really incorrect, if it be just to estimate the loss of our trade at 75 millions, and the residue left us at only 32 millions;—it may then be proved, that even this residue is productive of very inferior benefit to the great interests of this country.
Mr. Baring has pronounced that "such a state of things must produce ruin to every
class and description of persons in America;—Perhaps this picture is exaggerated; but still it possesses so many of the lineaments of truth."
If the reduction of mercantile profit be ruin, our merchants could not have escaped it. If the reduction of the price of our produce to almost nothing be ruin, our farmers would have sympathized in the general calamity.
What is the state of things?—Extensive markets are suddenly closed upon us; our articles of export remain the same. Forty-seven millions of produce thrown out of a market; and 77 millions suddenly thrown into a channel which had previously absorbed only 30. The effects are obvious. All competition among the sellers to sell—and none among the purchasers. Our farmers bidding against each other in the sale of our native productions. Our merchants bidding against each other in the English market in the sale of their foreign as well as domestic produce. The English markets glutted with such exports as may be landed, and their ports filled with cargoes prohibited from being landed by the English laws.
What is the effect upon these native productions?
Tobacco. It has already appeared, that 80,000 hogsheads are exported from the U. States—12,000 hds. only are consumed in Great-Britain.
Flour. None is admitted into G. Britain for consumption, unless the article rises to a certain price, and the wants of that kingdom peremptorily demand it.
Fish. is not permitted to be sold in Great Britain.
Rice—Pork—Beef—consumed in small quantities.
The farmer would therefore have felt a sensible depression of the prices of his produce. The merchant would have suffered a reduction of his profits, which would have been still more increased by the inevitable captures of his cargoes by the privateers of the continent, and the rise of insurance.
The second supposition. We have hitherto proceeded upon the idea that all our vessels would be bound directly to G. Britain. It is time however to reverse that supposition.
It is most probable that immediately after the promulgation of the English and French decrees, some of our vessels would have returned to sail directly to the Continent. The prospect of exorbitant profit might have tempted some to brave the vigilance of the British cruisers, who swam over the ocean.
What would have been the effect of this state of things?
There is no room to doubt, that the number of French and British privateers would have immediately increased. The demand would have produced a supply. The prospect of spoil would have invited many a man to pursue the game. The ocean would have swarmed with British cruisers and privateers; & privateers would have sneaked out of every unblockaded port of Holland and France. It is indeed a well established fact, that no sooner was the Milan Decree issued, than numbers of vessels in Rotterdam and other Dutch ports were immediately fitted out as privateers.
What would have been the condition of our merchants? How could they expect that cargoes destined to Europe, would be able to escape the B. cruisers, which traversed the ocean from one continent to another?—If they were bound to Holland—they would be assailed by the squadrons in the English channel—if to Portugal, by the blockading ships—if to the Spanish ports of the Mediterranean, that immediate theatre of the maritime war, they were sure to be attacked by the cruisers of Gibraltar, or the English squadrons, which command that sea. Three-fourths of all their cargoes were likely to fall into the hands of the English—and every merchant would have to purchase the safe transportation of one vessel by the loss of three. The profits made on her cargo, would surely be insufficient to pay for these losses. Her cargo would be forced into competition with the cargoes of other vessels, captured from his countrymen by the same privateers, and carried into the same markets. No branch of commerce would be able to flourish under such immense disadvantages—Soon the great law of self-preservation would impose nearly the same shackles on this branch of commerce, as the wisdom of our country has devised. The only great expedient, for avoiding these calamities, would have been a voluntary embargo.
France has no commercial vessels to convey our trade to the continent. The prudent and established part of the mercantile class would have retired from such enterprises; and if any branch of this commerce should still have remained open, it would have been feebly and unprofitably conducted by a few desperate and daring adventurers, without stability and without permanent resources.
According to the latest intelligence, the whole number of American vessels carried into France and Holland—under the Decree of Milan, as far as it can be enumerated, amounts to about thirty-five sail, valued at nearly 2,000,000 $."
Estimating the number of Spanish captures at one half of these, and the value of each vessel at the same ratio, it will yield about 50 vessels at 2,800,000 $—The time during which the captures were made, cannot be computed at more than three months. The result will be a loss of 1,000,000 $ per month, for Spanish, French and Dutch captures.
What an enormous deduction from the profits of the American merchant! Let us estimate these captures at one fourth of all the vessels and cargoes which are destined to G. Britain. And it is obvious that the merchant must gain as much upon his three cargoes as he loses by the capture of the fourth.
Few cargoes would be able to pay this price; & therefore a great proportion of the regular trade, which we maintain with G. Britain herself, would be abandoned. Most of the mercantile capitals and vessels of the U. States, would be reduced to the same situation, in which the embargo has really placed them.
The benefits of this precarious commerce would scarcely have enhanced the prices of our productions, or enriched the purses of our farmers. High prices are the effect of great competition among the buyers. But the adventurers in this desperate enterprise would necessarily be small in number, and deficient in capital.
This state of things, as it affects the result of our trade with Great Britain, would not be materially altered. The risk of capture would certainly be less; but the chance of profit would be proportionately inferior.
G. B. in might have been disposed to insult us by the protection and indulgence of a con-
Are not French privateers now hovering about our own coast? Has not the Robereons, just taken a vessel bound to New Orleans with a valuable cargo of $60,000?
voy. But the course of the trade would perhaps be mortifying enough. Our produce would be cheap enough to bear the freight to Halifax and the Bahamas—and there it might be delivered to a British ship, and exported to G. Britain under the protection of his majesty's arms.
In offering these representations of the probable state of things, under the influence of the French and British decrees, it is impossible not to perceive their strict conformity, with the incidents which have actually occurred. Our experience of this influence is short—because it was limited to those American vessels, which had not reached their port of destination before the laying of the Embargo—but short as it is, it is full of instruction. Many of those vessels, not having been permitted to enter their original port of destination, and unwilling to sacrifice their cargoes in British ports, after their registers had been endorsed by British cruisers, were compelled to return to their own country. These vessels would not have left this country, if their masters could only have anticipated such an adventure; because they would have infinitely preferred the security of their own ware-houses, to all the risks and damages of the high seas.—Such too would have been the situation of many other vessels. But these inducements would have been infinitely stronger afterwards, when every country on the continent would have been placed under a state of blockade; and the penalty of a voyage would not have been the mere endorsement of a register, but the entire confiscation of the vessel.
Such would have been probably the state of our trade with G. Britain and the continent of Europe.
Our trade to the West-India colonies would still have been open and still productive. And it is for this reason that the price of our flour would still be of considerable value. Yet even the price of this article would have been diminished, in proportion to the reduction of our commerce with the West-Indies.
There is one consideration, however, eminently entitled to our attention. Had we meanly submitted to the British orders of November, how long was it to be expected that this valuable market of the French and Spanish colonies would be left open to our enterprise? Would not Great Britain have the strongest reason to presume, from this mercenary tameness, that we would submit to any imposition, whatever upon our rights, so that it left open a single spiracle for our commerce to breathe in?
His British majesty has the same right to declare the West-Indies to be in a state of Blockade, as all the ports of Europe. He has the same authority to interdict our trade to Cuba or Martinique, as to Amsterdam or Bordeaux. He has just the same right to prevent our importation of coffee or sugar from the French Islands, as to interdict our exportation of cotton or tobacco to the ports of France.
The reasons assigned in the Preamble to his orders of last November, will completely reach this very case.—These reasons are as frivolous in their foundation, as they are wide and devouring in their operation. Let them only be directed against every branch and fragment of our trade to which they may be extended; and every American vessel will be immediately swept from the Ocean.
Conceive the delightful strains in which Mr. Canning's diplomatic genius may pour forth the following instructions to his Majesty's pirates:
"At the court at the Queen's Palace, the 1st of March, 1808.
"PRESENT,
"The King's Most Excellent Majesty in council."
"Whereas his majesty's orders of the 11th Nov. last, have not answered the desired purpose, either of compelling the enemy to recall their blockading decrees, or of inducing neutral nations to interpose, with effect to obtain their revocation; but on the contrary, the same have been recently enforced with increased vigor."
"And whereas his majesty, under these circumstances, finds himself compelled to take further measures for asserting and vindicating his just rights, and for supporting that maritime power which the exertions and valour of his people have, under the blessing of Providence, enabled him to establish and maintain; and the maintenance of which is not more essential to the safety and prosperity of his Majesty's dominions, than it is to the protection of such states as still retain their independence, and to the general intercourse and happiness of mankind."
"His majesty is therefore pleased, by the advice of his Privy Council, to order that all the ports and places of France and her Allies in the West-Indies, and all other ports or places in any other part of the world, from which, although not at war with his Majesty, the British flag is excluded; shall, from henceforth, be subject to the same restrictions in point of trade and navigation, as if the same were actually blockaded by his Majesty's naval forces, in the most strict and rigorous manner. And it is hereby further ordered and declared, that all trade in articles which are of the produce or manufacture of the said colonies, shall be deemed and considered to be unlawful; and that every vessel from or to the said colonies, together with the goods and merchandise on board, and all articles of the produce or manufacture of the said colonies, shall be captured and condemned as prize to the captors, &c. &c. &c."
The reader need not smile at this supposition! These orders are not the phantoms of a fearful imagination. Orders, similar to these, are actually to be found on the records of the maritime encroachments of Britain; and it is a maxim too well established with that oppressive nation, that where her ambition or cupidity is concerned, "what has been done once, may be done again."—The following extract from an "analysis of the several orders of the British government relative to the trade of neutral powers with enemy colonies," will completely answer to this description:
"The first-order bears date on the 6th November, 1793. It directed the British cruisers to bring in for lawful adjudication all vessels laden with goods, the produce of any colony of France, or carrying provisions or supplies for such colony. That order amounted, in express terms, to a declaration of war against the neutral powers, and it was issued in that spirit by the British government. The policy, however, which dictated the order, did not last long. Events soon produced a change of policy, and with it a revocation, or to use the technical phraseology of the admiralty, a relaxation of the order." Col. Monroe's letter of Feb. 28.
The President's Proclamation of last July forbids the entrance into our harbors of all armed vessels, bearing commissions under the government of Great Britain.
COMMUNICATION.
SCOTTSBURG, June 3, 1808.
At a meeting of about one hundred persons at Halifax Court-House, who had assembled under a previous notification, to take into consideration the expediency of adopting some plan for the introduction into this part of the country, of the best improved machinery for carding, & spinning, & to promote other branches of domestic manufactures, General Scott, and Carrington and Colonel Green proposed that a society should be formed, that they should raise a Capital of $5000, consisting of shares of $10 each, that the affairs of the society should be managed by seven directors; with other details copied from the Petersburg manufacturing society.
The scheme met a decided opposition from William B. Banks, and William Leigh, Esqrs., on the ground of its being inexpedient. That it would be wiser for the people of this Country to confine themselves to rasmig-provision, & to employ the people of the Northern States to manufacture.
The good sense of the people however prevailed, and the propositions were agreed to, and immediately about two-fifths of the shares were subscribed for. The friends of the measure are so sanguine in their expectations of having the society filled up in a few days, that they have appointed an early day for a meeting to choose directors, in order to go immediately into operation.
Those gentlemen are opposed to the election of Mr. Madison, and perhaps with very few exceptions, the only ones present at the meeting.
FOR THE ENQUIRER.
PINDARIC ODES.
ODE VII.
TO A SAILOR.
Sailor! I love thee from my heart I do, Nur own a nobler soul than thou; Tho' true it is, at times thou'lt swear a little, Give thee rum grog, and the dear Baccho quid, Nor take away thy Poll, (which Heaven forbid!) Thou wouldst not give, for wealth, or kings, thy whistle. Yet when thy Country calls, thou'lt cheerily fly, And bravely conquer at the post,—or die! —So when Jervis, on that dreadful night, When fiersc'd discord urged the impetuous fight! High on the top, his lovel' companions cheer'd, Impell'd the battle, and its dangers dared! Sudden a ball, aimed by some Demon foe, Whirls thro' the storm, & strikes the mast below; Now splinters fly, and tughtened cordage break, The canvas flutters, and the stay-ropes crack. —Fly! cries th' experienced tar, O Jervis fly! —No! no, with you, I fight, I live, I die!! To us our country is as giv'd this post, With you, my men, I hold it to the last!" Then crash the mast!—loud mid-night furies shriek! Death plies his course, and champions his sable beak! Flung in the wave—(a few short struggles o'er,) Th' intrepid heroes sink—to rise no more! O Nymphs aquatic! in your coral cell, Lisp the kind word—attune the plaintive shell, Embalmed each wound with pity's lenient tear, Breathe, the soft lay, of comfort on the ear; —To thee, to sooth, the pious task is given, And wing thy gaily souls in peace to heaven! Farewell brave hearts! some happier Bard shall tell, How loved ye lived, and how lamented fell! Oh! shall we tamely yield, in times of peace, To British tyranny such men as these!
SEDLEY.
TO THE CITIZENS OF RICHMOND!
THE CITIZENS OF RICHMOND are informed, that the Committee appointed by them, at the late General Meeting, at the Capitol, to report a plan for the encouragement of Domestic Manufactures, were not able to make their report last Wednesday, the day appointed for that purpose. It is therefore proposed that the meeting of the citizens, which was appointed to take place last Wednesday, may be postponed to a future day, of which notice will be given.
JAMES MONROE,
Chairman of the Committee.
COW POX. —The subscriber informs those persons wishing to be vaccinated, that he has lately received fresh matter from his friend Dr. Belfor, (Norfolk) that has succeeded in several vaccinations, and is in a proper state for inoculation. DANL. WM. SACKRIDER. June 10. (4t)
By virtue of a deed of trust to us executed by Sherwood Fowler, and recorded in the county court of Cumberland, for the purpose of securing the payment of a judgment therein mentioned, we will proceed to sell to the highest bidder, for ready money, on the premises, on the 8th day of July next, a certain Tract or Parcel of LAND, containing (as expressed by said deed) one hundred acres, being a part of the tract wherein the said Fowler resides, in the county of Cumberland, about eleven miles above the court-house, and on the main Buckingham road, or so much thereof as shall be sufficient to pay the judgment aforesaid, with interest and costs and the necessary expenses attending the execution of this trust.
JOHN WOODSON,
SATYMER WRIGHT, Sen. (Trustees)

POLITICAL.
FROM COBBETT'S WEEKLY REGISTER.
April 2, 1808.
AMERICAN STATES.
In a person whose opinions and statements have been contradicted with so much positiveness and acrimony, as mine, with regard to the effects of war upon the American States, it might reasonably be permitted to indulge a good deal in producing the proofs, as they present themselves, of the correctness of these opinions & statements. Nor will I pretend, that I am not actuated, in great part, by this motive in making the extracts, that I am about to insert from the late American newspapers. I love to see my opinions confirmed by events, and who does not, especially when they have been treated with contempt and ridicule? In answer to all the alarm, which the Morning Chronicle and the Barrings and the Roscoes have been endeavouring to excite in the minds of the people relative to a war with America, I have said, and I think proved, that without utter ruin to America, she cannot make war with England. She is not yet at war; she is at peace but has adopted one of the measures, the effects of which would have been produced by war: and now let us hear, from her own lips, what a state she has been placed in by this measure. The first extract I shall take comes from the New York Evening Post of the 5th of February.
[Here follows the extract—the spirit of which is seen in Cobbett's Comment:] Yet, observe, reader, that I have been set down for an enemy of liberty, because I expressed my abhorrence of the American government. Will my accusers believe what the Americans themselves say of this their famous liberty? I know them to be the slaves of mean upstart pettifogging lawyers, with here and there a bleeding doctor; but, if you will not believe me, will you believe yourselves? Or do you choose to set them down as liars, because they confirm what I have said? The next extract is from a New England paper, the Connecticut Courant.
[The Spirit of the Extract shines through the Comment:] Did I not say, that this would be the case? Did I not give my reasons for saying so?—And did not the Morning Chronicle and its herd of American writers abuse me for saying so? Did they not threaten us that America would starve the West Indies, and did I not answer that she must starve herself first?—I said, besides, in case of war, pray shut up the Americans and proclaim, that any state which will openly throw off the authority of the President and his government, shall have free trade. Let any one read the following article, and then say, whether my advice was not good.
[Here follows the Federal Tale of the mob of the Fishermen of Marblehead, Massachusetts:] Marblehead is a sea port town in the State of Massachusetts's Bay. The wharfs are the receptacles for fire-wood, brought down the rivers and along the coasts. The fish was generally sent to the W. Indies, to Portugal, Spain, and up the Mediterranean. The fishermen are very numerous, and without a market for their fish, they must nearly starve, forming, as they do, no inconsiderable part of the whole of the community in that district; and, let it be observed, that if they do not export, they have no market at all. There is no large community to come and take the fish off their hands. All is stagnant at once. The effect is as sudden as that of a hurricane. In various parts of these newspapers, we have descriptions of failures in trade and credit. Four banks have stopped payment.
[Here comes an extract from the petition of 239 Seamen to the Mayor of Baltimore:] From petitioning, they will come to demanding; and then, like the fishermen of Marblehead, they will proceed to robbery and open seizure. In short, anarchy stares the government in the face—and that, too, at the same time, and from the same cause, that the sole source of revenue is totally dried up. And, this is the nation that was so bully England!—This is the nation who joined the French, and the vassals of the Czar of Muscovy, in toasting "the liberty of the seas!"—This is the nation, at the sound of whose hostile voice the English trident was to be hidden under those waves, which, for so many ages, "it had ruled!"—This is the nation, whose chief had the audacity to demand from us the surrender of our right to search for our own seamen, and to whom, it is but too evident, the late ministers would have made that surrender!—I think, we shall have a peace, and a lasting peace, with America; but, if we have it, it will be owing wholly to the resolution ministers have demonstrated not to yield to their demands: For I know their disposition well, and I most seriously declare my belief, that, if suffered to proceed from demand to demand, they would not cease till they came to demand the crown from the king's head. We have here an example (the like of which is not unfrequently met with amongst individuals) of a nation, brought to the brink of destruction, merely by its arrogance and insolence. It stood in need of no concession from us; it was carrying on a third part of the commerce of the whole world, notwithstanding the exercise of our maritime rights. It was increasing in wealth and population. It was happy, if it could have known its place.—But, it must needs be a great nation; it must needs have its disputes; it must needs talk big; it must needs show the world that it could be insolent; when it thought the old lion was expiring, it must needs come with its hoof. Mr. A. B. of the Morning Chronicle, (that is, I suppose, Mr. Alexander Baring) told us about the danger to be apprehended from the failure of supplies of corn from America. Mr. Young (and I thank him for it) has told us, that the corn we get from hence is not worth mentioning; and I beg the reader to observe, that, with all the ports of all the corn-countries in the world shut against us, and at the end of five years war, indeed, fifteen years, with only 30 months exception, wheat is sixteen pounds a load, and has not risen in price, in consequence of the stopping up of the channels of importation. But, as I told Mr. A. B. before, America cannot exist without the importation of rum, sugar and woollens. These things the people will have or they will destroy the government.
The whole of the revenue of the state arose from a tax upon goods imported. This is gone. All gone. It cannot return, but with a state of peace; and I leave the reader to guess, whether it is likely to collect internal taxes from merchants, and farmers and fishermen, whose affairs are in the state described in the above quoted paragraph.
The embargo, which has produced such alarming symptoms in America, seems to have had very little effect in this country, which that embargo was intended to punish. You hear no one crying out for want of credit or employment. The American embargo is scarcely ever mentioned, any where; and, I'll engage, that, out of fifteen millions of people, in England, Ireland, and Scotland, there are not more than half a million, who, at this moment, know that there is an embargo in America. Mr. Roscoe, indeed, and his rabble of merchants and car men at Liverpool, to the number of about three thousand, it seems, have met, & petitioned about peace, introducing at the end of a long string of unmeaning flummery about "attachment to his Majesty's person and family," an expression relating to America, that bespeaks the mind of mere childhood.
What I chiefly intended to notice, was Mr. Roscoe's (for he is said to have drawn up the petition) fine notion about "the ties of common origin," which so nearly connect us with America. Now, either this was intended as an argument to induce the king to adopt a more conciliatory conduct towards America, or it must be regarded as a mere expletive, as words thrown in for the mere purpose of making the sentence what Mr. Roscoe regarded suitably long. If the former, I would ask Mr. Roscoe whether he be informed of any one instance, of any one expression or act, whereby the Americans have testified towards England, their respect for those "ties of common origin," which he pretends now connect the two countries? Those who are connected by ties of common origin, generally discover a love for each other by mutual acts of kindness, which they do not, in the same way and degree, shew towards the rest of the world. None of these acts has America ever been able to bring herself to adopt with regard to England. One has, on the contrary, constantly shown a partiality to the enemies of England. The misfortunes of England have always been a subject of openly expressed joy from one end of her States to the other; and the good fortune of England has been with her a subject of sorrow, not less openly and generally expressed. Nay, such is the idea which the Americans have of those tender ties of common origin, of which the sage Mr. Roscoe speaks, that they, in order to obliterate even the memory of that origin, have devised for themselves a tutelary saint of the savage race, named, from God knows what cause, SAINT TAMMANY! And they keep the anniversary of this saint, in the same manner that the Irish and Scotch keep the anniversaries of St. Patrick, and St. Andrew, and that the English, when abroad, keep that of St. George. At this festival they repeat Odes in praise of themselves (all of their own making) they sing songs through their nose; they smoke large twists of tobacco, after the fashion of the savages; and they get as drunk as ever St. Tammany or any of his forefathers did. In a day or two after, you see all their two or three hundred newspapers filled with a detail of the proceedings of the folly-stricken wretches, and you are sure to find, that at each meeting there has been one or more curses unanimously bestowed upon England. And yet, Mr. Roscoe would fain persuade the King, that in his conduct towards America, he ought to bear in mind, "the ties of common origin which connect the two countries." Verily, this is a very silly politician, though he has written a most elegant and most excellent poem.
The truth is, that the revolution of America was injurious to its people in various ways; but, in no way so much as in that of depriving them of an ancestry. Man not only looks forward, not only desires to live in his children or in his fame, and both if possible; but he looks back, and desires to have lived in his forefathers; he desires to have a father, or a grandfather, or a great grandfather, or whose character or whose deeds, or whose existence at least, he can speak of; not having either, he desires a country of long standing, to which he can say he belongs or from which he can say he is descended. Of all the natural propensities of the human mind no one appears to be more general than a veneration for ancient things. This is a feeling, of which the Americans have been deprived. They are a nation without forefathers, without renown and without history. They have no monument of antiquity, to which to point; no memorial of past events; nothing round which to rally; no name, fame, or character to preserve. This, I think, has been the great cause of the total want of principle which every one says, has been creeping in upon them ever since the commencement of the revolution. They feel the deprivation of which we have been speaking, and, in their invention of a tutelary saint, and the order of Cincinnati, they have discovered their desire to supply the want of what they have lost. But these are miserable inventions. It is a vile mockery to see a fraudulent shop-keeper, who took up arms for the purpose of resisting the first demands of his creditors, assuming the name of an old Roman, who, after having saved his country in war returned again to the plough. These tricks do not even satisfy the Americans themselves. They hate England, because she has all her greatness the same as she had before the revolution. They hate in a less degree, the old nations of the world. They rejoice at revolution and destruction, wherever it takes place. If their wish were accomplished, there would be left in existence no establishment of more than twenty years standing; the pride of ancestry, the example of noble deeds, the records of genius, of wisdom and of virtue, would all be annihilated.
The cause of their malice towards England lies, then, very deep. It is not to be removed; and we have nothing but our power to protect us against the hostility, which will be continually therefrom arising. I have often said to them: "You are free, as you say.—You boast of your triumph over us. Your happy revolution has been accomplished. You have got from us all you asked for. You have, you say, reduced us to a little nation. Well then, why do you still hate us? why are such pains taken to rear up your lumps of children to curse us: why not bestow on us your pity, or at least, your contempt?" They are never able to answer me; and the principal cause of their wicked machinations against me, was that I perpetually reminded them of the greatness of England, and forwarned them of the consequences of provoking her hostility. They knew that I spoke the truth, and it was because they felt the truth, that they sought revenge. America has long been boasting of her population. It is probable that she now equals England in that respect. But where is the equality in point of force? When they used to remind me, that, in the course of twenty years, they should have a population equal to ours, I always begged them to bear in mind, that salt-peetre and charcoal and sulphur and iron and brass and flint and wood were very important materials when lying
scattered here and there, but when formed into a cartridge and a musket, they became formidable means of either protection or destruction;—that their nation would still continue to be the scattered materials, and that England would continue to be the loaded musket. They may now, perhaps, recollect some of my sayings, but, I am afraid, the recollection will only tend to harden their hearts, and, not having me within the reach of their cowardly revenge, induce them afresh to persecute my friends, for which persecution the public distress will, if their embargo continue, supply them with pretences in abundance.
COMMENTS.
The first thing which strikes us in these remarks, is the source from which Cobbett draws his proofs. Why has he kept the other side of the question wrapt in obscurity? Why has he forborne to quote any extracts from the Republican papers of this country, which assuredly speak the sentiments of the great majority of the people? It was because the spirit which they breathe would have utterly contradicted "the correctness of his opinions and his sentiments." It was politic in him to palm upon his readers the sentiments of the Federalists of "America," as the effusions of "her own lips." It was meet that the Federalist prints should be called in to misrepresent the sentiments of their own country, and to spirit up the injustice of Britain.
It is hence that his facts are as ludicrous, as his authorities are suspicious. The Marblehead mob was but the tale of a moment; while the support given to the Republican ticket distinctly speaks the sentiments of this fishing town. There have been expressions of payment and some complete "failures in trade and credit" but where is the English print, that does not boast this chronicle of complete bankrupts?—so far from there having been four banks , we have not even heard of one that has "stopped payment" since the existence of the Embargo. Though almost "the sole source of our revenue is" almost "totally dried up"—yet where is the ration, except our own, which at such a time could without loans? Which has accumulated $ 800,000,000 of dollars, in the Treasury; besides, a large sum which becomes due, in this year, on custom-house bonds? With all her resources, Great Britain is not that nation. And what is more, if the Embargo should be suspended some months hence, the U. States may even dispense with loans for the next year, merely by shortening the times of payment on custom-house bonds.
"This is the nation" that would not be lulled by England! This is the nation, that will never own the boasted supremacy of the British trident—which has so long aspired to "rule the waves." This is the nation "whose chief" had too much spirit to acknowledge the usurped right of Britain to violate the rights of the American Flag on the high seas—too frequently on the pretext of searching for her own seamen. This is the nation, that is perfectly contented with the security of her own rights, without ever desiring the "crown of a king, or the trident" of an usurper.
"Audacity! Arrogance! Insolence!" If this man applies such terms to us, what epithets can express the atrocity of British insolence and encroachment?—And yet are there men in this country, who would have us deserve these reproaches by the meanest submission—who would have us confess by our humiliating conduct, "that we have, indeed, no rights in this maritime empire of the ruler of the seas; that we did, indeed, foolishly wish to dispute his behests; that we did indeed talk big; but that we were now happy in knowing our place; that his Orders should be our laws; and that our obedience would be as devout as of the meanest of his subjects." This policy would be as senetless as it is humiliating . Submission never sat boundaries to encroachment. And if such are the epithets applied to a free and independent nation, what mercy could we expect from our masters, when submission had sunk us to the condition of a colony?
But "wheat has not risen in price" in England.—Yet how stands the market in the West-Indies?
But "America cannot exist without the importation of rum, sugar and woollens." What then, does Cobbett thus insinuate that Britain designs to extend her Orders in Council still further? That as she has already interdicted our direct trade to Europe, she also intends to cut us off from the West-Indies? Let us then beware how we provoke this new encroachment by our submission. As to English woollens, should our interest demand it, the domestic manufactures of our country will supply us with substitutes.
The view he gives us of the effects of the embargo in England, discredits his whole statement. It is contradicted by the nature of things itself, and the various meetings of the merchants and manufacturers held in England. Every American merchant knows it; every manufacturer in the Kingdom must know it: Every man in Ireland, from the sower of the flaxseed to the bleacher of linen, their great staple, certainly knows it.—Mr. Baring explains why so few meetings have been held to remonstrate against the Orders in Council.
His concluding remarks are perfectly unworthy of criticism. The man who can assign no better reasons for our opposition to England, than our want of the "monuments of antiquity," or some splendid "memorial of past events," is neither acquainted with us nor with human nature. The principle, which he assumes, is comparatively insignificant in its effects—and it is scarcely applicable to ourselves.
Can a nation be reproached with the want of splendid events, who has passed through a seven years' arduous war with as much virtue and resolution as ever adorned the ages of antiquity?—A nation, which has triumphed over the greatest power in Europe, and established the most brilliant government, that ever blessed the world. Such a nation could derive no splendor from the lustre of a British peerage, and no veneration from the idolizing pyramids of Egypt. The great object of such a nation should be, to preserve its character free from every spot; and by no mean submission to an usurper's will, to sully the honors of its early youth.—ENQUIRER.
Extract from the Paris Argus.
The preparations are continuing against Sweden, and they are of such a nature, that before three months are at an end, Gustavus will have lost his throne, if he does not return to a more enlightened system of policy. The English have as yet landed but a few miserable German battalions. They will take care how they expose their national troops in a country where they would arrive only to be prisoners of war. Some newspapers have exaggerated in a very absurd manner the strength and resources of Sweden; she can hardly muster forty thousand men, and even most of these are very ill armed. A great part of these troops consists of militia, whose fidelity cannot much be relied upon, as the people are decidedly against the war.
Czerni-George has given to his advanced posts the most precise orders to show the greatest regard to the advanced posts of the French troops which are in Dalmatia, towards the frontiers of Bosnia and Albania. The cotton and coffee of Arabia arrive in such great quantities at Constantinople, that the price of these two precious commodities cannot fail of shortly experiencing a considerable fall in the markets of the European States bordering upon Turkey. We have received some from Germany for some time past, by means of the caravans of
Turkey in Europe. These caravans have hitherto met with little or no difficulty in passing through the different armies which are assembled in the provinces of the Ottoman Empire.
Our port continues to be blockaded by the English; this, however, does not prevent the frequent arrival of vessels from the neighboring countries, laden with provisions.
The fort which commands the entrance of the port, is in the most respectable state of defence; so that it is not probable that the enemy should think of attacking it.
A newspaper said, ere-yesterday, that the king of Sweden was able to put a hundred thousand men upon foot. Had the Editor of that paper for a moment reflected, how could he have advanced such an assertion? The king of Sweden, whose zeal for England & whose hatred for France cannot be doubted, was not able in the last campaign to put more than six or eight thousand men upon foot. To suppose the king of Sweden capable of arming twenty thousand men for the defence of his States, is to suppose a great deal. There are some editors of newspapers, who in this manner create armies with a stroke of a pen, and who of their own private authority, enrol the whole population of a country. Sweden is a fallen power, who stands in need of the utmost wisdom to support herself, but whom the unexampled folly of the present Sovereign is hurrying to complete ruin. She has lost Pomerania, and will doubtless soon lose Finland. As to the English, all assistance which they are able to afford her will be to send her two or three regiments of deserters. This is all they can do for their allies.—Publiciste.
(BY AUTHORITY.)
LAWS OF THE UNITED STATES.
AN ACT
Concerning Public Contracts.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, That from and after the passage of this act, no member of Congress shall, directly or indirectly, himself, or by any other person whatsoever, in trust for him, or for his use or benefit, or on his account, undertake, execute, hold or enjoy, in the whole or in part, any contract or agreement hereafter to be made or entered into with any officer of the United States, in their behalf, or with any person authorized to make contracts on the part of the United States; and if any member of Congress shall, directly or indirectly, himself, or by any other person whatsoever, in trust for him, or for his use or benefit, of his own account, enter into, accept of, agree for, undertake or execute any such contract or agreement in the whole, or in part, every member so offending, shall, for every such offence, upon conviction thereof, before any court of the United States, or of the territories thereof, having cognizance of such offence, be adjudged guilty of a high misdemeanor, and shall be fined three thousand dollars; and every such contract or agreement as aforesaid, shall, moreover be absolutely void and of no effect. Provided nevertheless, That in all cases where any sum or sums of money shall have been advanced on the part of the United States, in consideration of any such contract or agreement, the same shall be forthwith repaid, and in case of refusal or delay to repay the same, when demanded, by the proper officer of the department under whose authority such contract or agreement shall have been made or entered into, every person so refusing or delaying, together with his surety or sureties, shall be forthwith prosecuted at law for the recovery of any such sum or sums of money advanced as aforesaid.
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That nothing herein contained shall extend, or be construed to extend to any contract or agreement, made or entered into, or accepted, by any incorporated company, where such contract or agreement shall be made for the general benefit of such incorporation or company; nor to the purchase or sale of bills of exchange or other property by any member of Congress, where the same shall be ready for delivery and for which payment shall be made at the time of making or entering into the contract or agreement.
Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, That in every such contract or agreement to be made or entered into, or accepted as aforesaid, there shall be inserted an express condition, that no member of Congress shall be admitted to any share or part of such contract or agreement, or to any benefit to arise thereupon.
Sec. 4. And be it further enacted, That if any officer of the U. States on behalf of the United States shall, directly or indirectly, make or enter into any contract, bargain, or agreement, in writing or otherwise, other than such as are herein excepted, with any member of Congress, such officers so offending, on conviction thereof before any court having jurisdiction thereof, shall be deemed and taken to be guilty of a high misdemeanor, and be fined in a sum of three thousand dollars.
Sec. 5. And be it further enacted, That from and after the passing of this act it shall be the duty of the Secretary of the Treasury, Secretary of War, Secretary of the Navy, and the Postmaster-General, annually to lay before Congress a statement of all the contracts which have been made in their respective departments during the year preceding such report, exhibiting in such statement the name of the contractor, the article or thing contracted for, the place where the article was to be delivered, or the thing performed, the sum to be paid for its performance or delivery, the date and duration of the contract.
J. B. VARNUM, Speaker of the House of Representatives.
S. SMITH, President of the Senate pro tempore.
April 21, 1808.
APPROVED,
TH: JEFFERSON.
AN ACT
For the relief of George Hunter.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, That the proper accounting officers be authorised to examine and settle the accounts of George Hunter, of Philadelphia, and in the said settlement to allow him a credit for such quantity of saupetre, the property of the United States, delivered to him for the purpose of being purified, as shall be made appear to have been destroyed by fire in his warehouse.
J. B. VARNUM, Speaker of the House of Representatives.
S. SMITH, President of the Senate pro tempore.
April 25, 1808.
APPROVED,
TH: JEFFERSON.
AN ACT
Making appropriations for the support of an additional military force for the year one thousand eight hundred and eight.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, That for defraying the necessary expense to the first day of January next, of the troops to be raised by virtue of an act, intitled, "An act to raise for a limited time an additional military force, passed on the twelfth day of April, one thousand eight hundred and eight, the following sums be, and the same hereby are respectively appropriated, that is to say:
For pay, two hundred and eighty five thousand, nine hundred and twenty dollars.
For forage, eighteen thousand, four hundred and seventy-nine dollars:
For subsistence, two hundred and thirteen thousand, six hundred and ninety-six dollars.
For clothing, one hundred and fifty thousand, five hundred and twenty eight dollars:
For bounties and premiums, eighty-five thousand, one hundred and twenty dollars:
For the medical and hospital departments, fifteen thousand dollars:
For camp equipage, tents, barracks, fuel and transportation one hundred and eleven thousand dollars:
For contingencies, ten thousand dollars:
For ordnance, sixty thousand dollars:
For the purchase of horses and other expences necessary to mount the cavalry, thirty-six thousand, seven hundred and twenty dollars:
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That the several sums herein specifically appropriated shall be paid out of any monies in the treasury not otherwise appropriated.
J. B. VARNUM, Speaker of the House of Representatives.
S. SMITH, President of the Senate pro tempore.
April 23, 1808.
APPROVED,
TH: JEFFERSON.
The Advertisement dated April 26, 1808, is withdrawn.
PROPOSALS for carrying Mails of the UNITED STATES, on the following Post-Roads, will be received at the General Post-Office in Washington City, until the first day of August next, inclusive.
10. From Washington City to Alexandria, seven times a week.
Leave Washington City every day at 3 p. m. and arrive at Alexandria by 5 p. m.
Leave Alexandria every day at 2 a. m. and arrive at Washington City by 5 a. m.
11. From Alexandria by Colchester, to Dumfries, seven times a week.
Leave Alexandria every day at 6 p. m. and arrive at Dumfries by 5 a. m. the next day.
Leave Dumfries every day at 6 p. m. and arrive at Alexandria the next day by 1 a. m. in 7 hours.
12. From Dumfries by Aquia and Stafford court house to Fredericksburg, seven times a week.
Leave Dumfries every day at 6 a. m. and arrive at Fredericksburg by 11 1/2 a. m. in 5 1/2 hours.
Leave Fredericksburg every day at noon, and arrive at Dumfries by 5 p. m.
13. From Fredericksburg by Bowling Green, White Church, and Hanover court-house to Richmond, seven times a week.
Leave Fredericksburg every day at noon, and arrive at Richmond the next day by 6 a. m. in 18 hours.
Leave Richmond every day at 6 p. m. and arrive at Fredericksburg the next day by 11 a. m. in 17 hours.
14. From Richmond by Osborne's to Petersburg, seven times a week.
Leave Richmond every day at 6 1/2 a. m. and arrive at Petersburg by 11 1/2 a. m. in 5 hours.
Leave Petersburg every day at 12 1/2 p. m. and arrive at Richmond by 5 1/2 p. m.
15. From Richmond by Fraziers, New-Kent court-house, Williamsburg, York-town & Hampton to Norfolk, three times a week.
May 1, to December 1.
Leave Richmond every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, at 7 a. m. and arrive at Norfolk on the next day by 10 a. m. in 27 hours.
Leave Norfolk every Monday, Wednesday and Friday, at 2 p. m. and arrive at Richmond the next day by 5 p. m. in 27 hours.
December 1, to May 1.
Leave Richmond every Monday, Wednesday and Friday, at 7 a. m. and arrive at Norfolk on the next day by 5 p. m. in 34 hours.
Leave Norfolk every Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 7 a. m. and arrive at Richmond the next day by 5 p. m. in 34 hours.
16. From Petersburg by Cabbinton, Smithfield, Surry court-house, Sleepy-hole ferry, to Norfolk, three times a week.
May 1, to December 1.
Leave Petersburg every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday, at 1 p. m. and arrive at Norfolk the next day by 10 a. m.
Leave Norfolk every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday at 2 p. m. and arrive at Petersburg the next day by 11 a. m. in 21 hours.
December 1, to May 1.
Leave Petersburg every Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday, at 1 p. m. and arrive at Norfolk the next day by 5 p. m.
Leave Norfolk every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday, at 7 a. m. and arrive at Petersburg the next day by 11 a. m.
NOTES.
1. The mail will be carried on the routes, number ten to fourteen inclusive, in the same time through the year; and the contractor must calculate upon conveying the mail in a sulkey, when their roads will not admit of its being conveyed by the usual stage; or if it shall be shown, that the roads are too bad for a sulkey, the mail of letters will be separated from the news-papers, which are to be conveyed by stage, as fast as the roads will admit, and the letters conveyed on horseback within the time limited, so that bad roads shall never be admitted as an excuse for non-performance.
2. The Post-master General may expedite the mails and alter the times of arrival and departure at any time during the continuance of the contract; he previously stipulating an adequate compensation for any extra expense that may be occasioned thereby.
3. Fifteen minutes shall be allowed for opening and closing the mail at all offices where no particular time is specified.
4. For every thirty minutes delay (unavoidable accidents excepted) in arriving after the times prescribed in any contract, the contractor shall forfeit one dollar; and if the delay continue until the departure of any depending mail, whereby the mails destined for such depending mail lose a trip, a forfeiture of double the amount allowed for carrying the mail one trip shall be incurred, unless it shall be made to appear that the delay was occasioned by unavoidable accident, in which case the amount of pay for the trip will, in all cases, be forfeited and retained.
5. Persons making proposals, are desired to state their prices by the year. Those who contract will receive their pay quarterly, in the months of February, May, August and November, one month after the expiration of each quarter.
6. No other than a free white person shall be employed to convey the mail.
7.