The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1805-09-03 00:00:00

Garrett Minor
The Enquirer.
PUBLISHED BY THOMAS RITCHIE, OPPOSITE THE POST OFFICE... AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM... (PAYABLE IN ADVANCE.)
NUMBER 34.]
RICHMOND, TUESDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 3, 1805.
[VOLUME 2]
Richmond Prices Current.
   D. C. D. C.     TOBACCO 5 50   FLOUR 7 50   WHEAT NEW 1 25   INDIAN CORN 4 50   WHISKEY 62 67   BACON 12   HEMP 180 200   BAR IRON 110  
DISTRICT OF VIRGINIA, to wit: BE it remembered, That on the twenty-fifth day of August, in the thirtieth year of the Independence of the United States of America, Daniel Call, of the said District, hath deposited in this office, the title of a Book, the right whereof he claims as Author, in the words following, to wit:
"Reports of Cases, argued and adjudged in the Court of Appeals of Virginia, by David Call—volume Third." In conformity to the act of the Congress of the United States, entitled, "An act for the encouragement of learning by securing the copies of maps, charts and books to the authors and proprietors of such copies during the times therein mentioned;" and also to an act entitled, "An act supplementary to an act entitled an act for the encouragement of learning by securing the copies of maps, charts and books to the authors and proprietors of such copies during the times therein mentioned, and extending the benefits thereof to the arts of designing, engraving and etching historical and other prints."
WILLIAM MARSHALL, Clerk of the District of Virginia. (ep/w)
JOHN TOMPKINS, HAS just received a fresh supply of OLD COGNAC BRANDY, a part of the same shipment of his former parcel. Also, a few hds. of ANTIGUA RUM, of good quality. He has on hand, a parcel of BEST FRENCH CAMBRICS. The whole of which, he offers for sale very low for cash, or on a liberal credit. August 16. (LAN)
I AM authorised to sell a great bargain in the HOUSES and LOT formerly occupied by Mr. John Roper, as a Tavern, at Rockets, which is now in complete repair; and if not privately disposed of, will on Wednesday the 11th of September next, proceed to sell the same at public auction, without reserve, for ready money. JOHN PROSSER. August 22. (tds)
FOR SALE, A TRACT OF LAND,
FOUR miles from town, adjoining a bye-road leading to Four-Mile Creek; bounded on the S. by Cornelius's Creek, on the W. by lands formerly belonging to George Nicholson, on the N. by the lands of Robert Craddock, and on the E. by the lands of Nathan Whetstone and John Hague, both deceased. This land is superior to any in its vicinity. The timber is inferior to none, and the prairie is luxuriant in the produce of grass. It is my belief, that no tract, so near town, promises so fair to remunerate a purchaser, who would dispose of it with the necessary improvements. I would reserve one half acre of this tract, consecrated to the remains of former occupants. Those disposed to purchase, will please call on the subscriber, at the office of the Enquirer, or address him by letter. THOMAS BURLING. Richmond, August 30.
VALUABLE LANDS—FOR SALE.
INTENDING to remove to the county of Amelia, I offer for sale the following TRACTS OF LAND, lying in the county of Dinwiddie, to wit: MAYFIELD, HARDWICK, MAYFIELD, and the LONG ORDINARY, the whole containing, by a late survey made by the surveyor of the county, upwards of 1400 acres, and will be divided into small tracts to suit the views of purchasers. Mayfield is an elevated and handsome situation, about three miles distant from the town of Petersburg, well watered, and remarkably healthy. The buildings are not only convenient, but very good: The dwelling house is of brick, containing eight commodious rooms, an airy passage, and every apartment well fitted up, a fine yard, and an excellent garden very well enclosed and enlarged; the kitchen is also of brick, with two rooms below and two above; a dairy and smoke-house, lately built; a large square quarter, underpinned with brick, and a brick chimney in the middle; a large granary and stable, and in fact every other building which the convenience and accommodation of a family could possibly require. There is also a meadow of about seven acres, well enclosed, and highly improved; from which a great deal of hay has been obtained. Mayfield adjoins this tract, and the two would make a farm of rather upwards of 400 acres. The ice-house, well water, and springs, are excellent by none in this part of Virginia. The land is well adapted to the culture of corn and oats, but too light for wheat. Hardwick lies on Appomattox river, three miles from the town of Petersburg. There are between seven and eight hundred acres, the half of which is wood land. The houses are very indifferent, but there is a very handsome situation to build on, commanding a beautiful prospect, and contiguous to one and perhaps two good springs. This land is well adapted to the culture of corn, wheat and oats, and is well enclosed. The Long Ordinary is a tavern, within three miles of Petersburg, situate between the Mayfield and Hardwick tracts, rents for 100 dollars per annum, and is on one of the most public roads which leads to town. With it I will sell one or two hundred acres of land, with timber sufficient for the support of the place. Also, from eight or twelve hundred acres, about 25 miles from Petersburg, and two from Mr. Jordan's Reservoir. Part of this tract is well adapted to the culture of tobacco, and the rest excellent corn & wheat land. The whole well timbered, and lies undulatingly well. A more particular description is conceived to be unnecessary. Those disposed to purchase, are requested to view the property. Ready money will be required for one third of the purchase, and such credit will be given for the balance, as can be agreed on. TH. T. BURLING. Mayfield, August 27. (ep/c)
LAND—FOR SALE.
IN the county of Lunenburg, lying within one mile of the Court-house, on Gooch's creek; this tract contains seven hundred and fifty acres, one hundred and fifty of which is cleared; comfortably improved for the accommodation of a family. This land is well suited to the cultivation of Tobacco, Corn and Wheat. A great bargain may be had in this land. The terms may be made known, by application to Major Gooch of Green, of Nottoway, who is duly authorised to dispose of it, or the subscriber living on the premises. JOSEPH SMITH. Lunenburg, August 2. (ep/c)
FOR LONDON. THE fast sailing Ship SEY, now at Norfolk, and ready to receive a cargo immediately at the moderate freight of £ 4 per hhd. and 5 per cent. primage. Apply to Maitland & Christian, Petersburg, William Hartshorne, jun. Norfolk, or to THOMAS & AMOS LADD. Richmond, 8th Mo. 13th. (ep/c)
GEORGE WILY, BROKER & COMMISSION MERCHANT, Near the Basin,
BUYS and sells all kinds of Produce—Alfalfa, Land Lots, and houses, Bank Stock, &c. He has for Sale, LOTS No. 141, 2, 3, and 4, which make one entire square in Du-Val's addition. There is a good Spring attached to them. These lots are well worth the attention of any gentleman wishing to build a summer retreat for his family, July 23.—tf.
On Thursday the 5th September, at 11 o'clock, will be sold at the house of the late Wm. Wiffen, by order of the administrators.
THE property belonging to the estate, consisting of One Negro Man Servant, one Negro Man Cook, one Horse and Chaise, one Cow, and all the Household and Kitchen Furniture. Terms of sale, 6 months credit for all sums above 50 dollars, for approved indorsed negotiable notes in the Bank of Virginia; and all sums under 50 dollars, cash. PROSSER & MONCURE, V. M. August 27. (ep/c)
THE SUBSCRIBERS
BEG leave to inform their friends and the public generally, that they have removed their SHOP a few doors below the Eagle Tavern, where they intend carrying on the
SHOE & BOOT MAKING BUSINESS
more extensively than heretofore. They intend keeping constantly on hand, a good Stock of Leather, Boots and Shoes of every description, by wholesale or retail. Orders from the Country will be gratefully received and strictly attended to. By the Public's Obedt Servt., SAMUEL BARRET & Co. August 27. (ep/c)
FOR RENT;
THE HOUSE and OUT-HOUSES in the Town of Manchester, late in the occupancy of Richard Baugh, deceased. The house is adapted to the accommodation of a small family, with a kitchen, stable and smoke house—attached to the buildings are a good garden, and a spacious yard well enclosed; and an advantage of grazing on the luxuriant commons of the Town, which surround the premises. The situation is pleasant, and has been ever considered as healthy. The property will be Let on Lease for one or more years, and possession given the 25th December next. For terms of rent or lease, application may be made to George M'Credie, of Manchester, or the subscriber. JOHN CRINGAN. August 16. (8)
THE subscriber, begs leave to acquaint his friends in Richmond, that he has commenced business since last April, in New-York, and will be happy to receive consignments of produce, and transact commission business, upon which occasional advances will be made. DAVID WYLLIE. The subscriber will remain in Richmond, until the 10th next month. Any person wishing to communicate upon business, will please to apply to Mr. William Long, Bridge-street. August 13. (ep/c)
Richmond County Court, June 1805. IN CHANCERY. Vincent Redman, Compl't. Against Ann Y. McNeill, William R. Kel- } Defts. rick, and Barnes Beckwith,
IT appearing to the Court, that the defendant, Ann Y. McNeill, is not an inhabitant of this state, and not having entered her appearance and given security according to law, and the rules of this court—on the motion of the complainant by his counsel, it is ordered, that the said Ann Y. McNeill, do appear here on the first Monday in August next, and answer the complaints bill, and that a copy of this order be published in the Enquirer printed in the city of Richmond, for two months successively, and a copy also posted at the front door of this court-house; and it is further ordered and decreed, that the defendants Kellick and Beckwith do not pay, convey away, or secrete the debts and effects due and belonging to the said Ann Y. McNeill, until the further order of the court in the premises. A Copy, teste, B. MCCARTY, c. r. c. (ef/2m.)
Pleadings of Counsel,
ON THE
IMPEACHMENT OF JUDGE CHASE.
SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 23.
MR. MARTIN, in continuation.
In the next place, when the jury were about to be sworn, they challenged the array in order to set aside the whole panel. Such challenge can never be made correctly, but for the jury being returned by an officer not authorised, or for unfair and partial dealings in the officer who summons the jury. The reason assigned was, that one of the jurors who was returned had expressed sentiments inimical to Callender. This, if true, might be a good cause to challenge the individual juror for cause, but no boy, who had read in an office six months, would have supposed this a sufficient cause to have challenged the array, unless it had been further alleged that the marshal knew the juror had expressed such sentiments before he had summoned him, and had summoned him for that reason, which was not suggested. It is possible to believe that legal characters of great estimation, that one of them was then the attorney general of the state of Virginia, another almost immediately after appointed attorney general of the United States for the district of Virginia, and the third appointed one of the chancellors of that state, should have been so utterly ignorant of the law relative to the challenge of the array, as to have made the motion they did! If not it must be presumed their conduct was influenced by a wish to embarrass the court; to hold up the prosecution as oppressive; to excite public indignation against the court; and
the government who endeavoured to enforce it, by attempting to impress a belief on the public mind, that even their marshal had in the very beginning, violated his duty to gratify the wishes of an oppressive government, and that for that purpose he had unfairly packed a jury! Was it this immediately, was it not designedly one, for the purpose of exciting public indignation? What was the conduct of the same counsel when the court desired them to recuse to writing the questions they meant to propound to Col. Taylor? They have declared they hesitated whether they would do it; and before they did comply with the court's direction, they made a direct effort to hold up the proceedings that the court was acting with oppression and partiality to the prejudice of Callender, by imposing on his counsel difficulties and propositions which the court had not imposed upon the counsel for the prosecution! Whereas in fact the counsel for the prosecution had fairly stated the testimony he meant to offer, before he produced his witnesses, having no desire that the jury should be surprised with improper evidence—whereas the Counsel for Callender asked to have witnesses examined to the jury, without the least previous disclosure to the jury, or court, of the evidence meant by them to be given; most evidently that they might have testimony illegal thus imposed upon them; and because they were by the court's interposition of the court defeated in this object, they could not content even to let this act of the court pass, without a direct attempt to impress upon the by-standers, that it was another instance of the unfair and oppressive conduct of the court, which ought to excite their indignation! And here let this honorable court remember that Callender, in his Prospect Before Us, had in the most solemn manner appealed to the state of Virginia, that it ever the time should come, when the government of the U. States should attempt to prosecute him and make him a victim under the sedition law, that state was bound under every principle of interest, of justice, and of the claims he had upon them, to come forward, and at all risks and by all means to protect him. Is there not, great reason to believe, that the object of counsel was to second this appeal, to make by Callender, and to induce the people of Virginia to come forward to save their client from the pretended opposition of government—to rescue him from their fangs!
One of the gentlemen who was counsel for Callender, has told us, that whenever a prosecution should be attempted under the sedition law, he had formed the determination to come forward to prove its unconstitutionality. That in consequence of this determination in C's case, & only for that purpose, he did appear in order to argue its unconstitutionality. He has told us further, that he had no hopes of convincing the court, and fearfully the faintest expectation of inducing the jury to believe, that the sedition law was unconstitutional; but yet that he wished to argue the question, with the view of making a proper impression upon the public mind? and yet he has disclosed upon oath, that when the court has charged him with wishing to address himself to and to be heard by the jury and by the by-standers! When at the same time he knew he could not be heard by the court, without also being heard by the jury and the by-standers, unless they had all been, a thing unknown, sent out of the Court house; or what is equally unknown, had their ears stuffed with cotton, or filled with wax; and yet the same gentleman on oath, notwithstanding that declaration, that it was his chief, almost his sole object upon that subject, to be heard by the by-standers; and on them to make proper impressions! What barefaced what unqualified hypocrisy doth he admit he practiced on that occasion! What egregious trifling with the court! But, I would ask this honorable court, what were the impressions which Mr. Hay was so solicitous to make on the people? Was it merely to convince them that the sedition law was unconstitutional, and ought not to be enforced? Had not the legislature of his state some time before announced this law was unconstitutional, and destructive to liberty! Had they not circulated the denunciation throughout every part of their own state and sent it to every Legislature in the union? Do not let me here be understood to censure that honorable body, or to question the propriety of their conduct, or the rectitude of their motives; far be it from me to doubt that they honestly believed the law to be unconstitutional, and fraught with all the evils which they suggested would flow from its execution: and therefore they thought it a sacred duty to do as they did. I am not in the habit of questioning the motives which influence public or private bodies: it is my duty to leave that question to their own consciences and to their God: I only mean to state as a fact, a transaction of notoriety: but can it possibly be supposed after this, the people of Virginia wanted a speech from Mr. Hay to induce them to consider the sedition law as unconstitutional, or could he expect that those who doubted after being so well acquainted with the sentiments and conduct of their legislature, would be made converts by anything they should hear from him! No, fir, no person can think it. What was then his motive? Was it not to impress on the people, that not only an unconstitutional, oppressive law, was about to be enforced, but also that the court in order to enforce it, was acting in the most unfair and oppressive manner, as well as the marshal, and thereby to inflame the resentment and indignation of the populace against the court? I will not say that he really wished so far to have excited their violence against his honorable client, as to have endangered his life; but it is impossible that I should doubt but that it would have given him pleasure, that their violence should have been so far at least excited, as to have intimidated the court from executing this obnoxious law.
When my honorable client went from Baltimore to Richmond, to hold the circuit court he knew how violently that state was opposed to the enforcement of this law; but he equally knew that it was his duty to carry it into execution, without regard to the sentiments of any portion of the community, or however disagreeable it might be to them. Under these circumstances he went to Richmond, and found the counsel from the first step in this case, at tempting, as he could not but consider it, to inflame the audience and excite their indignation against him. My honorable client, who well knows mankind, and has been accustomed to popular assemblies appears to have been anxious, as his best security, to keep the by-standers
in good humour, and to amuse them at the expense of the very persons, who were endeavoring to excite the inexcusability of the audience against him. Hence the mirth, the humor, the facetiousness, by which his conduct was marked during the trial; and which, most fortunately, was attended with the happy consequence he hoped from it, for it is admitted that he kept the by-standers in great good humour, and excited peals of laughter at the expense of the counsel, as the witness very justly concludes, for he says, "the counsel did not appear to join in the laugh." And this, fir, most satisfactorily accounts for the more than usual exertion of his facetious talents on the trial of Callender; and I doubt not was the real cause of that exertion. Among the different charges made against Judge Chase of rudeness, and unusual language by him used towards the counsel for Callender, we find it stated, that when the Judge had repeatedly declared, the counsel could not be permitted to argue to the jury the constitutionality of the law, and one of the counsel, who appears to have felt particularly sore on the occasion, still urging that question to the jury, the Judge interrupted him, and declared that the counsel for Callender had from the first mistaken the law, and that they had persisted in pressing their mistakes on the court. Never was there a more proper or correct expression used by a Judge. Never, I believe, did the conduct of lawyers more fully justify such a charge! And, if the abilities of the counsel are so great as they are represented to be, it is almost impossible not to believe, their errors were intentional, and with the express view to embarrass the court. In the first place, they insisted that the jury, not the court, was on the indictment of Callender, to affect the finis , which should be imposed upon him, if found guilty. This was one of their errors, and a most egregious error it was. And yet my honorable client has been charged with rudeness for calling it as one witness states, "a wild notion." Or as Mr. Robertson has it in his Port Hand , "a mistaken notion." Either of these expressions was in my opinion extremely mild. Fir, should not have hesitated in calling it a wild notion .
The idea that the array was to be qualified because there was returned an individual juror, who was supposed to be liable to be challenged, was another mistake; a mistake that even a school boy in law could scarcely be expected to have made. The affidavit so incorrectly drawn, and their insisting on a continuance of their cause in consequence of that incorrect affidavit, was another mistake.
An additional mistake, was their idea that the court had no right to know what testimony they meant should be given by the witness produced, and that it was improper to require that the questions meant to be propounded to col. Taylor, should be reduced to writing. And the attempt to obtain from the jury a decision that the sedition law was unconstitutional, in which they so pertinaciously persisted, was also an error. I ask then whether, when the counsel had been guilty of all these mistakes, it did not perfectly justify my honorable client in the expressions he used, that they had been from the first mistaken, and that they had continued throughout pressing their mistakes upon the court? Nay, did it not justify the observations used by him, which has been urged as most exceptionable, "that they must know better; and that their conduct was intended to influence the by-standers?" That the counsel's great object was to give an impression to the people has been acknowledged on oath; and the court must have had a very moderate idea indeed of the legal abilities of Callender's counsel, if they could have supposed such a succession of errors to have arisen from ignorance.
But the Judge is also charged with great rudeness in the manner in which he replied in one part of the argument to Mr. Wirt, just at a time when that gentleman had finished a syllogism; by replying that it was a non sequitur .—I will state the transaction. Mr. Wirt having, as he supposed, established the position, that the jury had a right to decide the law as well as the fact, he proceeded to state that the constitution was the supreme law of the land, and therefore that since the jury had a right to decide the law, and the constitution was also the law, the jury must certainly have a right to decide the constitutionality of a law made under it; and this conclusion was, as he declared, perfectly syllogistic. As Mr. Wirt had assumed the character of a logician in his argument, nothing could be more natural than for the Judge in his answer, to assume the same character : he therefore replied, like a logician, "a non sequitur , fir?" The correct answer to a syllogism, which is rather lame in its conclusion. But it seems this answer was accompanied by a certain bow. As bows, fir, according to the manner they are made, may like words, according to the manner they are uttered, convey very different meanings; and as it is as difficult to determine the merit or demerit of a bow without having seen it, as it is of the expression of words without having heard them; to discover, therefore, whether there was anything rude or improper in this bow, I could have wished that the witness, who complained so much of its effect, had given us a fac simile of it. Had we been favored not only with the answer, but also with a complete fac simile of the bow, we might have been better enabled to have judged of the propriety of my honorable client's conduct in this instance. But it seems this bow together with the " non sequitur " entirely disconcerted poor Mr. Wirt, and down he sat "and never word spake more!"—If so, it was a saying of time. But we have no proof that Mr. Wirt meant to have proceeded any further in the argument, even had he not been encountered with this formidable bow and non sequitur . And the presumption is, that having considered the whole force of his argument into a syllogistic form, and finding his syllogism did not produce the conviction intended, he took his seat without wishing to spend more of his breath in what, after the failure of his logical talents, he no doubt considered a fruitless attempt. Mr. Nicholas followed Mr. Wirt, he is a gentleman mild and polite in his manners, he was treated by the court with politeness. He did not persist in adding the jury contrary to the decision of the court, he therefore met with no interruptions.
(To be continued.)
A GENERAL ASSORTMENT OF BLANKS. FOR SALE AT THIS OFFICE.
European Intelligence.
ORIGINAL REMARKS ON THE PRESENT POLITICS OF EUROPE.
From Bell's Weekly Messenger.
ANNEXATION OF GENOA TO FRANCE; WITH A REVIEW OF THE CONTINENTAL POWERS.
Our readers will find, under our Foreign head, some particulars of the progress which Bonaparte is making in Italy, not by arms, but by the cheaper methods of artifice and intrigue. It was plain from the first, that the sweeping title of king of Italy was not assumed for nothing; and the name continues every day to be less empty; Sardinia is extinct; Genoa is incorporated; and Tuscany and Naples, pushed upon their frontiers, can only hope to exist during the pleasure of the emperor. The pope, in his ecclesiastical domains, is a prisoner out upon bail, and must surrender himself and his territories upon the mandate of his master; whilst by the possession of Switzerland, and the great avenues of Italy, Austria is effectually cut off from all access to Venice.
The plea of the Genoese for incorporating themselves with France, is somewhat plausible. "Blocked in our ports by the tyranny of the English, though neutral, we are punished as enemies, and can no longer subsist on that commerce, which is the only means of our support. When the strong oppresses the weak, their only refuge is in the protection of the stronger. Excluded from the sea, we are desirous of a continental connection, and in uniting ourselves with France, we shall be secure as members of her empire, and partake of its glories and its defences."
A national poll is then set on foot; and by a vote of the population, Genoa surrenders herself to France. Without any nice examination of these arguments, Bonaparte accepts the surrender; a senate is convened, speeches and compliments are bandied on both sides, a constitution is sorted out from his travelling portfolio, the guns fire, the emperor is proclaimed, and the most impregnable city, and the population of a million, is assigned and delivered up to France in half an hour.
What impression is this likely to make upon the continent? Russia has never dissembled that she has sufficiently expressed her resentment on the old score, and now that Bonaparte is chalked on, it is not likely to subside. The case of Austria, as we have observed, is not improved by this event. In addition to his measure of force and encroachment, Bonaparte is certainly adding to his security; in case of a rupture he is saved the trouble of conquering Genoa; it is only to be feared that he may proceed so far in this progress of peaceable acquisition, that there will not be room to make a stand in Italy or any where else.
In the event of a continental war, which is as certain as any thing of pecuniary can be, it naturally suggests to us here to take some review of the several powers.
The situation of the court of Vienna is strangely equivocal; its politics for this time past have been mysterious; with the appearance of aversion to the British cause, it is said, by nice observers, to be on the eve of coalition, and with the shew of friendship for France, it is believed that the sword is about to be drawn. The suspicious conduct of Austria has an excuse for her situation; the slightest movement of hostility brings an army upon her, the first on which she is unequal to resist. Unable, but her open and secret solicitation, to rouse the German states, the despair of their alliance till too late, and surrounded by powers, who, though involved in a common interest to resist the encroachments of France, are yet willing to trifle to depose her; to lengthen the span of her existence, or jealous of any confederacy in which Austria may profit, she hesitates even to negotiate for fear of detection, and is unripe for any independent or open action. That innumerable body of troops, which at the beginning of the late war had given her so decided a superiority, no longer exists in the same persons. Her troops have derived advantages from a long series of active service, those advantages were equally on the side of the enemy. Her army have so often been beaten, that it is no wonder a sort of weariness and despair have crept among them, after such an infinite train of unwarlike fatigues, when they have seen that so many brilliant exploits have only been productive of disaster. Many of her best generals have retired or have been disgraced; her dominions, though large, are not equal to any extensive fulfilment of her population, though numerous, is exhausted and dispersed. These circumstances have, probably, made her more dilatory and cautious than usual. But not withstanding, Austria is strength somewhat unaccountable and peculiar to herself. More deficient in pecuniary resources than any other great power in Europe, she is better able to subsist and do considerable things without them. By long habit, the whole state is formed to its necessities, and the subject is more ready to supply free quarters, and submit to military license than any other. The country is abundantly fruitful in all its parts, and whilst the war is carried on near home, arbitrary government, operating on so extent an object, can hardly fail of such resources as must serve an Austrian army; which is still as Tacitus describes the troops of the Germans to have been; "they have a pleasurable in lieu of pay."
Though slow in her operations, Austria may amends by her perseverance; if she does play the game with sufficient spirits, she throws no her cards; and though by an uncommon to many courts, but particularly to this, she is accustomed to interfere too soon and too minutely in the operations of the game, there is reason to believe that the dence of the archduke, under whose guid her armies at present are, has effectually cured her of this folly.
By the celerity of the movement of Prussia, advantages are gained over Austria before she can regulate her resources or muster her troops; it has always been the design of Austria that the issue of the war should rather arise from the general result and concurrence of all the operations, gradually producing a final though a long advantage, than from the effect of a bold, quick and masterly stroke.

is entirely governed by a pacific sovereign, aged, and therefore cautious ministers, who occupied in husbanding her resources, bringing into account her vast extent of territory. The failure of her ambition is not the loss of Europe; it is the loss of the east. With regard to European politics, she promises but one end—ruin; and therefore has not yet taken, nor will take any further part than what is necessary to this aim. It is thus that she has hitherto preferred counteraction to one, for a long time, Austria for self-defence, be compelled to renew the war. Russia, from the same motive, though not in the same degree, will come forward to assist her. This assistance, however, will be limited by her original policy, and to her own immediate interest; she will not suffer Austria to be further weakened; but neither on the other hand will she attempt an extensive recovery of the former conquests of Bonaparte.
With regard to England, such an ally as this will be almost infallible. Prussia now on the eve of the French territory, with a military already confident, Bonaparte as more their master than their own, and with the name of a French ally, is almost as effectually a vice royalty of France, as if it had been.
In regard to the Northern powers, Sweden, appears rising to that degree of consequence and strength as to be advancing into the Russian orbit, which Prussia is rapidly receding. In any event of a shock to the French power, whether by defeat or insurrection in one of the numerous provinces, the German power would find a rallying post in Sweden, & the point again become as in the days of Gustavus. Denmark is not so far to the south of its own interest as may at first sight appear. This state evidently rests in her present torpor till the commencement of action by some great power.
Nothing in France discovers any relaxation of the military spirit, or of the naval preparations. Spain is still active for war, and the fate of Portugal is made a subject of alarm to the British commerce. The French and Spaniards have multiplied their privateers, in which they are very adventurous. The English, also, in the Mediterranean, give great encouragement to commerce. The English are purchasing provisions in the Crimea, for their Mediterranean forces, and obtain beef and pork at less than two cents per lb.
[TRANSLATIONS.] Peterburgh, May 22. —The Embassy for China is upon its departure. It marches in three divisions, and is to unite at Orenburg. Thence it is to continue its route in a caravan, escorted by a thousand regular troops, as far as Kiakta, the last Russian town on the borders of China. Stockholm, May 29. —No surprise will be occasioned upon knowing that the King of Sweden has chosen the time of his presence in the camp at Scania, to publish his orders for the reform of many of his regiments. The great poverty of the public treasury obliges this measure, which excites great discontent among the officers. Mention is made of a new emulsion of iron wine, and what is worse, of paper money. The English subsidies will be of great benefit to the finances; but the King of Prussia and the Prince of Russia have unequivocally given their opinion on the subject, that for our young prince to accept the emulsion of Mr. Pitt, is equal to a promise to pay by the blood of twenty thousand Swedes. Vienna, June 5. —According to accounts received from Turkey, we are assured, that the Turks at Corinth and Patras, is neither the yellow fever nor the plague, but a kind of purulent fever, which rages with great violence, and upon which those who are attacked by it, die. The number of these victims is however, greatly diminished, and the fever has lost much of its malignity, though in the hot season we had presumed the contrary.
BALTIMORE, August 24. COMMUNICATED. The following is an extract of a letter from a gentleman belonging to this city, who went from Leghorn to Paris to be present at the late coronation of Bonaparte.
Milan, June 8, 1805. The night preceding the coronation, we had retired to bed sooner than usual, with the intention of rising early the next morning to secure ourselves seats in the Cathedral, to witness the ceremonies of the day. Soon after midnight, four officers of the French Guard, with an officer of the Police, entered our chamber, and, after demanding our Cards de Sete, which were shown, informed us they were under the necessity of accompanying us to the Police—Thus far we went cheerfully, without the least suspicion of what was after to befall us. Arrived at the Police, I was delivered over to one of the keepers, and conducted to a most loathsome prison, where for my companions nearly a dozen of vagabonds were already confined. Amongst these fellows, excepting his company being rather more select, two days following our arrest, we were re-conducted to our lodgings, our papers taken and tested, and we returned to confinement. The fourth, fifth, & sixth days we underwent separate examinations, and I had no papers whatever, that could, in the least, excite me. I was informed that I should be released the following day. For several days after I never heard no further of our proceedings, until I again called as I made acquainted with the intention of the French Commandant of Police, to send us to Paris, to be delivered to the Police there, through the interest of a friend this measure, as it referred to me, was relinquished, and to him I am chiefly indebted for my liberation here. Among very unquietly, had in his possession a letter which clearly showed on Bonaparte, and it was owing to the enemy, we were not liberated after the first examination of our papers. In consequence of having this letter, the police have ordered him to be sent to Paris, whence he is on this morning, under escort of an officer, I am perfectly ignorant of the cause of our arrest—I have conversed with others, that it was a suspicion of our being Englishmen, and as such denounced by some tips of our police.
CHARLESTON, August 23. Capt. Taylor, of the brig Eliza, arrived yesterday from Malaga, and Gibraltar, 30 days from the latter place, has politely furnished us with the following important remarks, made during his passage. July 29.—This day I sailed from Malaga, in company with the brig Diana, of Rhode-Island, capt. Simmons; and the Washington, of Marblehead, capt. Adams. The latter was from Leghorn, bound to Boston; he was captured by a Spanish gun-boat, brought to Malaga, and treated with great impoliteness. The keys of his trunk were detained from him, and his vessel kept three weeks; for what reason, the American could not tell. Capt. Adams had to pay twelve hundred and ten dollars before he was released. Capt. Simmons had been carried into Algiers, and his cargo of flour was condemned, for want of a certificate from a Spanish consul.
On the 9th of July, we were boarded by a boat from Lord Nelson's squadron, which was at anchor in Gibraltar road. It left Barbadoes on the 14th of June, and arrived there on the 19th of July, but could give no account of the French fleet. The same day, I spoke a Portuguese seventy-four gun ship, by which I was informed, that the Tripolitans had made peace with the Americans. On the same day, I spoke the brig Clio, of Philadelphia, capt. Gamble, from Trieste, bound to Philadelphia, out thirty days. On the 22nd of June, Sir Richard Bickerton passed the Rock of Gibraltar with five sail of the line, and took thirty sail of transports, with 6000 troops, and proceeded on to Egypt, there being a report that the French had got out with two seventy-fours, with 6000 troops, and had been joined by five Spanish frigates, and gone up the Mediterranean; but their destination was not known. The Spaniards take all American vessels, without distinction.
Capt. Taylor farther informs, that some days before he left Malaga, Mr. Kirkpatrick, the American consul there, mentioned to him that it had been his opinion for some time that hostilities would positively take place between Spain and the United States, but that latterly the aspect of affairs was of a more pacific appearance, as Mr. Pinckney, the American minister, who had proceeded as far as Lisbon on his way home, had returned, or was returning to Madrid. Captain Taylor did not learn whether his return was owing to an invitation from the Spanish ministry; however, it is reasonable to suppose, that if he has returned, the proposal must have come from them.
City Gaz. In the Bay of Gibraltar, captain Taylor saw Lord Nelson's fleet at anchor, and was boarded by an officer from one of his ships, who stated that the British fleet left Barbadoes on the 14th June, and had followed, as they supposed, in the wake of the combined fleets, until they arrived off the coast of France; when, having every reason to suppose that the French and Spaniards had got safely into Brest, Lord Nelson stood away for Gibraltar, where he arrived on the 19th July.
Domestic Intelligence. PHILADELPHIA, August 24.
THE FUR TRADE. The Gazette of the United States has taken some notice of the observations thrown out in this paper a few days since concerning the trade with the Indians. The aim of the publication does not appear to be distinctly pointed out; though there is an endeavour to prove that we were mistaken, without showing in what, and to assert in opposition to us some things which we have neither denied or asserted; and to question other things which we have asserted, though they are notorious. Two propositions are indeed stated, the one is the substance of Mr. Jefferson's first message, stating the spirit of peace and friendship that prevailed among the Indian tribes, and the success of efforts to introduce the arts of civilization among them. The second relates to the monies applied by the former administrations, which the Gazette states did not experience a diminution of a single cent while under their management.
It is very unpleasant to be obliged to charge any person with purposed disingenuity ; we should by much prefer to have no cause, or even to be satisfied that any obscurity of our mode of expression, had produced a mistaken impression rather than be obliged to correct the matter as a purposed misrepresentation.
Whatever may be the impression of the Gazette writer, the propositions which he undertakes to prove, by no means invalidate the facts which were before stated by us—on the contrary, each may be true without affecting the other. Mr. Jefferson spoke of the disposition of the Indian tribes in their social or political state; they manifested an attachment to the United States; the implements of industry had been introduced with great success. Did we say anything that contradicted this? But we did say, what was nevertheless true, that the emigrants from Canada , whether under the direction of the government of that British colony, or under the influence of the mercantile companies that have the monopoly of the fur trade in the North American regions, we do not say did interfere with, and greatly debauch the Indians; such was the fact, that although the bodies of the various tribes were (with one or two exceptions) friendly to the United States, that all those emissaries by the introduction of spirituous liquors and other means, did create much disaffection and debauchery —it was the necessary effect of the explanatory article of 1796, to which we referred; the good wishes of the Indian tribes and their discontent, at the approach or admission of traders, was also proved by the treaty with the Indians, which gave rise to that explanatory article.
The evil had not subsided when Mr. Jefferson had come to the chair, & the augmentation of the factories was with an express purpose to correct the abuses. The augmentation of the factories was intended expressly to meet the demand on the threshold of necessity, to meet competition fore to face; and by these active and laborious steps it was, that the evil was completely cured, and that the trade of the U. S. from that resource has been doubled; these are facts that no sophistry; no jealousy for a former administration can controvert or evade.
But the inference drawn by the Gazette from our statement appears to be, that we allow the former administration no merit at all, this is certainly not authorized by the letter nor by the spirit of what we wrote—it is surely not logical to infer, that because we asserted that Mr. Jefferson had done better than his predecessors, that his predecessors had done nothing. On the contrary, we admit most cheerfully, very much under all circumstances, was done, both under General Washington's administration (and we shall not even name the author of the system lest it should appear to be intended to deprive others of any part of the credit) and under that of Mr. Adams. On the contrary we will grant, that the former administration had greater difficulties to encounter than the present; surely this is not deteriorating from truth or justice.
The second portion is of the same kind—it may be very true that the amount of capital engaged in the trade (150,000 dollars) had not been diminished a single cent; yet it may be true that there was a considerable reduction
from the public property; it is literally true that by the death of Price an Indian agent in the southern district public did sustain a great loss.
During the purveyorship of Tench Francis, owing to the misconduct an agent by the name of Edward Price, and partly in consequence of his death, a loss of about ten thousand dollars arose, in trade carried on by the U. S. with the Indian tribes.
Before the cession of Louisiana, the British traders carried on a trade with the Sioux and other Indian nations west of the Mississippi river. To facilitate this trade, they established on that river their principal depot, this depot has grown almost to a town. The explanatory article in 1796, the British were allowed to trade with the Indians with the then territory of the United States, and to carry their goods and to trade over their whole territories . The consequence of this has been, that coming out of Canada above Detroit, they impelled their goods into what is now the territory of Michigan; & farther around, or across the Lake of that name. They were thus enabled to undercut the traders of the United States, and to monopolize the trade with the northern Indians; and thus to obtain a dangerous influence over those tribes with whom it was peculiarly the interest and with of the union to maintain a good understanding; a port and trading house have been since established near the mouth or southern bend of Lake Michigan, which will effectually prevent this smuggling. The British, not having any right by treaty to pass the Mississippi for the purpose of trade, their intercourse with the tribes west of that river will of course be prohibited; and as the United States sell goods cheaper than private traders can afford to sell, the extension of the establishment of trading houses will in time the Indians to purchase of us and us only public property. The fur and furs trade will thus be brought to our own ports and such an advantage will be obtained over the tribes with our territories as effectually to secure a permanency of peace and good intelligence.
We know that the last session of Congress a sum of 70,000 dollars was transferred to the surplus fund from the Indian trade; which we supposed remained unexpended in consequence of the increased income of goods; we know, also, that there were 100,000 dollars, added to the original fund, in consequence of the extension & increase of the trade. This may be unintelligible to the editor of the Gazette, and that it may not be so we shall suppose: for as we have not the documents at hand, and it would be too much trouble in this hot weather to go farther than the inland for fur and furs ; we shall even state the matter hypothetically.
It is to be presumed the trade of the Indian factories was so proposed to be conducted, as to provide the Indian tribes with the necessaries of civilized life cheaper than they could have had in any other mode; cheaper, is a relative term, which does not exclude the idea of a reasonable profit; found price directed that this profit should be regulated by two circumstances; one, the accomplishment of the objects of the establishments; the other, that the public should not suffer any loss. For the reader will observe that the sum appropriated was not an additional 150,000 dollars laid out every year; but the one original sum, laid out and the returns made from the factories applied to keep that sum of 150,000 dollars undiminished. This was done. We must suppose, therefore, from the facts, that the great loss was sustained by the death of Mr. Price during the agency of Tench Francis, (we mention the latter only to mark the time) and that there was a surplus of 70,000 dollars last year, that the Indian factories were conducted with a provident view to the safety of the public, from the loss of its principal; this no doubt is true; but it is not, therefore, the less true, that the loss was sustained to the public by Mr. Price's death—we indeed stated, and the Gazette has literally copied our words, that the capital stock furnished by the United States was not diminished.
We have, therefore, stated the truth as is verified by facts; and the Gazette has either mistaken or misrepresented us.
Aurora. FROM THE AURORA.
Mr. Dunn. —The observations in your paper concerning the shameful intrigue to which five American lawyers became accessories, to the injury of the merchants, are such as might satisfy every reasonable man, of the utter disregard of national character and national honor, which the most respectable of the legal profession feel when it enters into contact with their employment. I am by no means an enemy to either of the gentlemen who have lent their names to this discreditable transaction; but as I am myself a sufferer by their act, I believe they can have no reason to complain of me, when I have so much reason to complain of them. To my very great sorrow I have been acquainted with the cause of the failure of the convention with Spain a long while, and could not but feel some mortification, having for several years acted in politics with the federal party, I could not but feel mortified to see the general government under his excellency Thomas Jefferson, censured for the failure of that convention, when I knew the real cause, or at least the cause alleged by his excellency the Spanish cabinet minister, was the opinion of so many celebrated American civilians.
A friend of mine well known in this city and other parts of the United States advised me of the convention, at the time, and gave me an account of it, as the matter was related in the family of the honorable Charles Pinckney, our ambassador at Madrid.
When the honorable Mr. Pinckney as my friend supposes, was directed by his government to press the matter of the restitution of property and was intended to show, that in various cases, our own government had made restitution for acts of depredations of a like kind made in our ports, he first experienced delays and evasions—he was told that the laws of America did not sanction any such practice—it was in vain that the honorable Mr. Pinckney referred to the cases which had occurred in the presidency of Gen. Washington; the Spanish minister insisted that the laws of America were against the claim which our government, by our ambassador, set up. This the hon. Mr. Pinckney denied; and then it was that the legal opinions were produced—in vain did the honorable Mr. Pinckney attempt to explain this opinion to be of no legal force, that such an opinion on an hypothetical question might be had for a sum of money on any subject—that the mode of putting the questions, as indicated the answers expected, and that the gentlemen of the long robe considered it a mere professional act, the same as if they were called upon to defend a cause upon a brief in which the evidence of party only is stated.
It seems the Spanish minister was very well instructed on the answers which he had to make to such objections, for he did really tell the honorable Mr. Pinckney that though he had no doubt that might be the course pursued by inferior or worthless men, which are to be found among every profession in every country, yet he was well informed of the imminent rank which those gentlemen held in America. He said the hon. Mr. Ed. Livingston had been an eminent member of the general congress, and was the attorney general of the United States—that the hon. Mr. Lugenbill had been attorney general, that the hon. Mr. Rawle had been attorney general also; that one of them, Mr. Duponceau, though he appeared not to hold any office was represented to him as one of the
first civilians in America, and the hon. Mr. McKean was then the attorney general of Pennsylvania, and being the son of the governor of that state must be supposed to know its laws and comprehend its policy too well to hazard an opinion lightly.
The honorable Mr. Pinckney referred to such arguments as were calculated to convey more correct ideas; but the impression was made, and the opinion of those gentlemen opposed to the call of justice and the claims of injured men. As the subject has come before the public, I think it would be wrong to conceal any of the facts relating to it, and on this account as well as to renew my previous, I make this communication, and shall add with great satisfaction, that I have good information, that no steps were left untried by the president and the secretary of state, nor by our ambassador at Madrid, but that this unfortunate opinion baffled all negotiation on the head of our claims.
A. SUFFERER. August 22, 1805.
Philadelphia, Aug. 26, 1805. His Britannic Majesty's Consul-General, for the Middle and Southern States of America, gives this public notice to the Merchants, engaged in trade, from the United States to his Majesty's Dominions, that, according to the terms of the act of the 27th of the King's c. 97, no British built vessel, captured by his Majesty's enemies, and afterwards bought by American citizens, the sailing under a Sea Letter, can be admitted to an entry, as an American vessel, into Great Britain.
COMMERCIAL NOTICE. The undersigned, his Danish Majesty's Consul for the Middle States, residing at Philadelphia, has in charge, from his Government, to give publicity to an Edict of his Majesty's bearing date the 15th of May, 1805, importing that every vessel, bound from a part of the United States to any port within his Majesty's European Dominions, must be provided with a particular list of Health, signed by the Danish Consul or Vice Consul at the place of departure to prevent such vessel from being detained on its arrival, in consequence of the quarantine laws for the Danish Dominions.
The Placard is as follows: We, CHRISTIAN the Seventh, by the grace of God, King of Denmark, Norway, &c. make known hereby, that having by complete quarantine regulations, endeavored to secure our kingdom and dominions against importations of all kinds of infectious malignant diseases, it is also our intention that commerce and navigation shall enjoy every facility which can be given consistent with the important end of the regulations; and as the distance and extension of the sea coast of the United States of America, make particular measures of precaution necessary, in order to be assured of the healthiness of such ports from which vessels may arrive at our ports, if the rigor of the quarantine laws are not to be put in practice in every case; we have been induced therefore to order hereby as follows:
1. That the Consuls appointed by us, and their Vice Consuls, shall be obliged to furnish to every vessel belonging to our subjects, which from their respective districts are bound for Europe, exclusive of the bills of health issued by the respective authorities of the place, after a minute investigation, a particular attestation, by which the state of health at the place, at the time of the loading of the vessel, may, with reference, be seen, and for which purpose particular forms have been sent them. 2. Every one of our subjects, commanding vessels destined from a port in the U. States, to a port or place in our own or other European states, is bound to ask for such attestation of our Consul or Vice Consul at the place where his voyage begins, subject to a fine of 50 six dollars for every neglect, which will be for the benefit of the quarantine regulation. 3. As our Consuls and Vice Consuls within the ports of the United States of America, are empowered, upon request, to furnish similar passports to American and other foreign vessels, defined for our own, and for ports of other states on the Baltic, in consequence thereof no vessels, coming from the United States, from the time of this our ordinance having been made publicly known at the respective places, will have free access to any ports of our kingdoms and dominions, though it be provided with a Bill of Health, if it be not also furnished with an attestation, from our Consuls or Vice Consuls, showing that it is perfectly free from any suspicion. In the contrary case, it will be considered as coming under suspicion of not being entirely free from infectious disease, and will be subject to undergo the measures ordered in the quarantine laws issued for our Dominions. J. F. ECKARD.
NEW-YORK, August 26. A British frigate was off Sandy Hook yesterday morning, which captured a ship inward bound.
Mer. Adv. Captain Sowle, of the brig Lydia from St. Bartholomew, was boarded on Sunday, ten miles from the highlands, by a boat of war from Bermuda, on her first cruise, being full of the Rocks. The British frigate Cleopatra, from Halifax, was at the same time within a short distance. The Lydia entered the Hook with a brig that had been detained two hours by the Cleopatra.
Merc. Adv. Capt. Lawrence, of the ship Nancy, arrived at Norfolk on the 20th instant, from Montevideo, informs that on the 19th of May the Spanish frigate Ascension was lost on the English Bank, in the river La Plate, and 350 of her crew drowned.
Ib. By captain Batten from Bermuda, we learn, that the French and Spanish privateers with their three prizes, cut out of the River St. Mary, by the Camperdown frigate, as mentioned some time since, were safe arrived at Bermuda.
Phil. pap. Extract of a letter from Lieut. James Laurence, commanding officer of gun-boat No. 6, dated GIBRALTAR, June 18th, 1805.
"I have the honor to inform you of my arrival in this place on the evening of the 15th. I parted with the John Adams, in a fog the third day after leaving the Hook, and arrived in Gibraltar thirty hours before her. I am happy to inform you that No. 6, is an excellent fast boat, and sails very fast. I should have proceeded aloft immediately by moonlight on my guns, but captain Shaw judged it most advisably, as there were four of us, for us all to sail together."
Extract of a letter from Lieutenant John Hoxie, commanding officer of gun-boat No. 4, dated GIBRALTAR, June 22d, 1805.
"I have the pleasure to inform you of my safe arrival at this port, on the night of the 21st instant. On the 22d of May, in lat. 36, 30, and long. 61, we had a gale of wind from S. W. in which we were so unfortunate, as to part company with No's 10 and 5. I lay to that night, but seeing nothing of them in the morning, I thought it most prudent, to make the best of my way to Gibraltar. I passed in sight of the Western Islands, to the N. on the 7th of June. I received every assistance at this place from Admiral Keighley and Captain Orsway, and have this day mounted my guns, and expect to sail again in thirty hours from the time I anchored. The Frigate John Adams failed three days ago for Tripoli in company with No's 3, 5, 10, and No. 6: how these boats got in before me, is what I cannot account for."
MARYLAND. The FORSTER'S DARE will commence immediately about the middle of September—We are happy to find that it is confidently expected the remainder of the former will be purchased when the books are on hand—There are some circumstances with regard to this book of which we are truly glad to be informed—that the directors
are mostly, if not all, gentlemen who need no accounts—and who are resolved to distribute the capital so that the agricultural interest shall be benefited; If our state money must be placed all in banks, every town might be encouraged—having a branch in it—under the direction of the legislature—not liable to be converted into a mere opportunistic shewing personal or political dislike. We most heartily recommend this Farmers Bank to all those who desire the prosperity of the state—in opposition to a aggrandizement of individuals—and we wish that members of the assembly at their next session, would withdraw their stock, from all the other banks, and by placing it in this new bank, give it a great superiority over all the other institutions of this kind in the state. Bell. Evening Post.
ALLAN B. MAGRUDER, Esq. has been appointed by the Secretary of the Treasury, an Advocate of the United States, for the settlement of Land Claims in Lower Louisiana, with a salary of 1500 dollars. Kentucky Gazette.
NEW-ORLEANS, July 24. We understand that his excellency William C. C. Claiborne has been appointed by the President of the United States, governor of the hon. J. B. Prevost, B. elmer Thurbon, and George D. Field judges of the Superior court of the territory of Orleans, under the act of Congress extending to us the second grade of government. Or. Gaz.
We also learn, that James Pictet, Esq. has assumed his seat as mayor of the city. It is said that Doctor John Watkins, the recorder, will be his successor. Ib.
The curiosities sent by Captains Lewis and Clarke, to the president of the United States, were received by Governor Claiborne, some days ago—they were on board the Comet, Captain M'Neil, who failed yesterday for Baltimore. The animal and birds, were in good health.
Greenland. WIFE, CHILDREN, and FRIENDS.
This deservedly popular song is the production of Mr. Seeverck, late to the Duke of Marlborough. It has had the effect of old poetry on the minds of Englishmen; and the Government has found it a valuable auxiliary for raising the people to military enthusiasm, by placing before them, in three words, a summary of all the blessings for which they are now contending. [ Edin. Adv. ]
WHEN the black-letter lift to the gods was preferred, (The lift of what fate for each mortal intends) At the lone shrine of Jis a kind aniel returned, And stood in three blessings—Wife, Children, and Friends.
In vain angry Lucifer fears he was slain, For justice divine could not compute its on;: The scheme of man's fall, he maintain'd was defean'd, For earth becomes heav'n, with—Wife, Children, and Friends.
If the flock of our life is in froward hands vied, The fund ill secured off in bankruptcy ends: But the heart issues bills which are never mislaid, When drawn on the firm of—Wife, Children, and Friends.
Though valor full glows in his life's coloring embars, The death-wounded tar, who his colars defends, Drops a tear of regret, as he dyes, remembers How blest was his home with—Wife, Children, and Friends.
The soldier whose deeds live immortal in story, Whom duty to far distant latitudes sends, With transport would barter whole ages of glory For one happy day with—Wife, Children, and Friends.
Though spic'd-pleasing gales o'er his caravan hover, And round him Arabia's whole fragrance defen's, The merchant still thinks of the woodlines that cover The bower where he sat with—Wife, Children, and Friends.
The day-spring of youth, fill mclouded by sorrow, Alone on itself for enjoyment depends; But dim is the twilicht of age, if noorrow No warmth from the smiles of—Wife, Children, and Friends.
Let the breath of Renown ever freshen and nourish The laurel which o'er her dead favorite bends: O'er him waves the willow, which only can flourish When 'twixt with the tears of—Wife, Children, and Friends.
Let us drink!—for my song, growing graver and graver, To subsis 9s too solemn inflexibly tends; Let us drink!—pledge me high!—love and beauty Will favor The class which I fill to—Wife, Children, and Friends.
And if, in the hope this fair island to plunder, The tenant of France to invade us pretends, How his legion will flourish, when our arn'd freemen thunder The war song of—Barrons, Wife, Children, and Friends!"
A violent dispute is said to have arisen between the lawyers and the taylors, owing to the practice that has now generally crept in among the latter of carrying their works in bags exactly similar in make and colour to the bags the former carry down to Westminster Hall. The lawyers plead ancient customs in favor of an exclusive privilege; the taylors set up modern usage. The Legal Gentlemen say, that there is a profession of eminence; and of great utility to the community; the Sons of the Sheers insist upon it that their pursuits are much more calculated to improve the habits of men of all descriptions. The Lawyers further urge, that it is by their professional exertions men are covered from the attempts of fraud; the Taylors retort that they do much more, for they cover Men Back! LONDON PAP.
LIGHT AMUSEMENT. Power Race. —A match for 20 guineas was run upon St. Bee's Moor, on Thursday afternoon, one sixteen mile heat. The winning horse run the 9th mile, in three minutes and a half—and his competitor (a mare) though apparently the stronger animal, was knocked up at the end of the 13th. Lon. Pap.
GEORGETOWN, (S. C.) August 11. A RATTLE SNAKE was found dead in the woods between the main road and the plantation of Clandon Kilbride, Esg. about five miles from this town a few days since. It was seven feet long, the thickness of a man's thigh, had seven or three rattles, and its teeth were nearly an inch and an half long.
GENTLEMEN who hold Subscription Papers for the IVY HOUSBURG STAR , are requested to return them to the publisher, by the first of October, or by post, as preparations for publication are in considerable forwardness. JAMES GRAHAM. Lynchburg, 22d Aug. '05.

Examination of an extraordinary opinion lately published.
"In order to terminate all differences on account of the losses sustained by the citizens of the United States in consequence of their vessels and cargoes having been taken by the subjects of the Spanish crown..."
"The new claims were of two different classes: they were either for captures, made by Spanish cruisers and condemned by Spanish tribunals..."
"Spain never has pretended to raise a single claim about the validity of the first class of claims; namely those which were produced by captures made by her own cruisers..."
"The power A (Spain) is in perfect harmony and friendship with the power B (U. States); the power C (France) against the subjects of the power A..."
the case itself? For if it is not, the inferences which would be drawn from it by the learned council of the Marquis, would be at once invalidated...
"It is simply said that the 'power C' is in hostility against the subjects of the power A..."
"They have permitted the French to fit out privateers in their ports to cruise against our commerce..."
"Without power A being able to prevent it—Such is the very handsome eulogium, which the noble marquis has pronounced upon the spirit or strength of his government..."
"From the noble marquis let us descend to his learned council. His facts and their inferences are equally incorrect."
"Nations, not more than individuals are bound to perform impossibilities." It has been already stated, that the minister of Spain must have misrepresented in this respect the power of his government...
"In the present case, the power C is to be considered as the principal party, and the power A merely as accessory."
"If the rule be just, that every nation is to be considered as liable for every act which is done within its jurisdiction, and which it ought to know..."
"This important doubt meets us on the very threshold of the discussion; it is this abstract question stated agreeably to the real circumstances of the case."
compromise with the principal. But would the accessory consider this as a sufficient release to himself?
"But what is the fact in this case? The noble Marquis himself stated to his council, that the power B had renounced and abandoned its right..."
"The principle on which we repose our claims is much more simple and much more comprehensive than the decisions of courts or the dicta of lawyers."
"Had Spain merely suffered the French consuls to erect themselves into courts of admiralty..."
"In cases of capture, (says the Lex Mercatoria Americana) the regular and proper course to proceed in, is that of the state to which the captor belongs..."
"Neither of those quotations goes further than to assert, that no title can accrue to the vendee from this informal condemnation of a prize..."
"But the same doubt does not exist in the case of a nation, which not only suffers the prize to be condemned, but the captor to be fitted out within its ports..."
"If we maintained this doctrine in the year 1793, when it subjected us to the risk and expense of making compensation..."
"To this simple question then is the whole controversy at last reduced: Did Spain employ all the means in her power for effecting the restitution of our captured vessels?"
anchor, perhaps this enterprising foe may be doubling the Cape of Good Hope, on the wing for the British possessions on the east.
"That Egypt has long been a principal object of Bonaparte's ambition, no man can doubt who recollects his celebrated adventure, in 98..."
"The third report, that the American commander has concluded a treaty of peace with the Tripolitans, is not entitled to any credit."
MARRIED on 25th ult. Wilson J. Carey, of Williamsburg, to the lovely Miss Virginia Randolph, of Albemarle.
The 4th No. of the Vindication of Mr. Jefferson, will appear in the next paper.
ERRATUM.—Those Editors, who have republished "The Vindication of Mr. Jefferson," are requested to place the statement of C. Hudson, in No. 3, immediately after the 1st paragraph ending with the word "subject."
LAST EVENING MAIL.
PHILADELPHIA, August 28.
Gen. MORAU has been written on in the most respectful manner, by the principal characters in this city...
On Sunday sen'night arrived at Philadelphia the ship Margaret, captain Gardner, from Rotterdam...
Extract of a letter to a merchant in Philadelphia, dated Cadiz, 3rd July, 1805.
"The last cargo of flax seed here at 9 dollars, but the purchasers have floored it in expectation of a rise."
"The blockade of Cadiz was vigorously resumed early in June. St. Lucar is also blockaded."
"By the 12th article of the health regulations, issued by the marquis Salano, on the 28th of June, it is declared, that every vessel from the United States of America..."
"The old duty on flax imported here, was revived on the 1st of this month, and a new duty of 1 1/2 per cent. on importations in general was enacted for the first time..."
NEW-YORK, August 26.
British Amity.—Two insured bound ships were captured on Monday off the Hook, by the two British vessels of war who are now blockading this port.
We learn by Capt. Coffin of the Yano, of the Isle of France, that the La Pefecha French frigate, of 82 guns, Capt. Bannet, has been taken in the Bay of Bengal, by the British frigate St. Florence, rated in Steele's List of 96 guns, Captain Bathurst.
To the Editor of the Morning Chronicle. British Consul General's Office, New-York, 26th August, 1805.
You will oblige me by publishing, in your gazette, for the information of the merchants of the eastern states of America, the following extract of a letter...
I am, Sir, Your obedient servant, THOS. BARCLAY. EXTRACT.
"The British built ship Relfg, having been captured by his majesty's enemies, and afterwards brought by American citizens, at New-York, from whence she failed, under an American sea letter for Liverpool..."
"In order to prevent similar occurrences, I am directed by his majesty's Secretary of State, to desire that you will take the proper means for notifying to the merchants, within your district, concerned in the trade from the United States to his majesty's dominions..."
"Be it therefore enacted by the king's most excellent majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the lords, spiritual and temporal, and commons in this present parliament assembled..."
From Bell's Weekly Messenger. PRESENT SITUATION OF BOTANY-BAY.
"We have been favoured with the following description of Botany-Bay, from the manuscript of Mr. Trunbull, whose very interesting and various voyages are about to be published..."
"The town of Sydney, the capital of the colony, and the seat of government, is divided into two parts by a river, which empties itself into a cove, named after the town. Sydney-Cove has thus a double advantage..."
"The peculiar circumstances which belonged to the first settlement of this colony, rendered it necessary to have store-houses erected for the reception of provisions, houses for the convicts, and barracks for the military..."
"The force occupied by the town is about a mile from one extremity to the other. With the exception of the store-rooms and other public buildings, eight out of ten of the houses are only one story in height..."
"Sydney, however, is in every respect well situated to become, in progress of years a port of very great commerce. It already comprehends upwards of one third of the whole population of New South Wales."
"The latter follows as much as possible the customs and manners of life of their native country and are therefore liable to the same maladies with their countrymen of the same order..."
"The latter follows as much as possible the customs and manners of life of their native country and are therefore liable to the same maladies with their countrymen of the same order..."
VALUABLE LAND IN LOUISA COUNTY—FOR SALE.
PURSUANT to a deed of Trust, ever made by John Bingham, to secure the payment of 200 dollars, interest and charges, due to Year and Smith, will be sold at Public auction...

CATHOLIC SUPERSTITION.
What an animated picture is drawn by Gib- bon in the 37th Chap. of his history, of the re- puted power of the ancient monks! "A be- lieving age, says he, was easily persuaded, that the slightest caprice of an Egyptian or a Syrian monk, had been sufficient to interrupt the es- ternal laws of the universe. The favourites of heaven were accustomed to cure inveterate dis- eases with a touch, or a distant malediction; & to expel the most obstinate demons from the souls, or bodies, which they possessed. They famili- arly accosted or imperiously commanded, the Lions and serpents of the desert; infused vegetation into a leafless trunk; suspended Iron on the surface of the water; passed the Nile on the back of a crocodile, and refreshed themselves in a fiery furnace. These extraor- dinary tales, which display the fiction, without the genius of poetry, have seriously affected the reason, the faith and the morals of the Christians. Their credulity debased and vitiat- ed the faculties of the mind; they corrupted the evidence of history; and superstition gra- dually extinguished the hostile light of philoso- phy and science. Every mode of religious wor- ship which had been practised by the Saints, ev- ery mysterious doctrine which they believed, was fortified by the sanction of divine revelation, & all the many virtues were oppressed by the fe- rile and pusillanimous reign of the monks. If it be possible to measure the interval between the philosophic writings of Cicero and the fa- ceted legend of Theodoret, between the charac- ter of Cato and that of Simeon, we may appre- ciate the memorable revolution which was ac- complished in the Roman Empire within a peri- od of 500 years."
Such superstitious dogmas might well have suited the genius of the age, on which the hi- storian was descending; because the human mind had not yet acquired sufficient resolution to shake off the shackles of authority; the lights of England and of France had not yet illumi- nated the cells of superstition, nor defined the limits of probable evidence; nor had the press yet extended the discoveries of one mind or of one Country to all those who were connected together by the interests of commerce or the in- citements of curiosity. But what is our surprise and what ought to be our indignation, when we perceive that even these boasted improvements of intellect are no sufficient preservatives against the encroachments of superstition? If the 5th century was disturbed by the religious preten- sions of a Simon, the 19th century has been dishonoured by the names of a Paris and a La- bre. If the ignorant inhabitants of Syria and E- gypt have been duped a religious fanaticism, the civilized cities of Paris and Rome, visited by the wise and instructed by the works of genius, have not been more fortunate. Let these ex- amples if they are productive of no other benefit, teach us at least the necessity of a philosophical scepti- cism! When superstitious fictions are report- ed though they should be corroborated by the pretended testimony of numberless wit- nesses, let us recollect that the impostures of Paris & Offay were equally well authenticated and were equally deceptive! Let us in fact ac- knowledge no opinion to be just, which is not supported by reason; and no report to be pro- bable, which is not consistent with the eternal laws of nature!
Extract from the "Historical and philosophical Memoirs of Pius the Sixth, and of his pontifi- cate, down to the period of his retirement into Tuscany."
OF THE JESUITS, AND OF THE VENERABLE LABRE.
THE intrigues of the Jesuits were interwoven with the whole pontificate of Pius VI. and were re- produced in every variety of form. Stran- gers, as in the days of their prosperity, to all scruples, they availed themselves of every cir- cumstance that occurred. They employed by turns ascetic books and calumnious libels; the illusions of superstition, and the light of philoso- phy; making every thing subservient to their purpose, from the atheist to the capuchin friar, and from the sovereign to the beggar in the streets.
The year 1789 was witness to the develop- ment of one of their most abject, and, at the same time, most ridiculous plans.
In the course of the month of April, while Pi- us VI. was on a visit to the Pontine marshes, a report was suddenly spread in Rome of the death of a French beggar, who was become the object of public veneration. His body, which was ex- posed for three days, preserved, it was said, the flexibility of its members, without showing the least sign of putrefaction. He had lived nine years at Rome unnoticed by every one; but no sooner had he closed his eyes, than the most ed- ifying wonders were related of him. He had led the most pious and most exemplary life. Reduc- ed to the lowest degree of indigence, he added voluntary sufferings to his unavoidable privat- ions; covered with rags, he remained exposed to the inclemency of the weather, and, by way of penance, suffered the vermin to prey upon his flesh. Many persons recollected to have seen him stand motionless in the streets, and at the doors of the churches, expecting, without asking, the charity of passengers. It was said, that he was accustomed to distribute the surplus of the alms he received to other paupers, and that he had predicted the moment of his death. The greatest performances in Rome, the populace, and above all the priests, hastened in crowds to his tomb where a great number of miracles were performed. The sick were carried thither; they returned healed; and these wonders, as always happens, were attested by numerous and creditable witnesses. The most minute particu- lars of his life were collected; his portrait was engraved; and in less than twenty-four hours, more than four thousand impressions were sold. While waiting for canonization, the title of vener- able was adjudged to him. Men of observing minds were not long before they perceived that this was a competitor, set up by the Jesuitical party, in opposition to the venerable Palafax, whose speedy canonization the court of Spain was, at that moment, soliciting out of hatred to the Jesuits. It was the heads of that party who appeared to concern themselves the most about the beatified beggar. In the absence of the pope, the cardinal-vicar gravely countenanced the disseminating farce; and, at the end of three days exhibition, ordered the holy mendicant to be pompously interred in a vault constructed on purpose by the side of the principal altar of the church of Madonna del Monte . In his tomb was inclosed a brief notice of his life written in Latin, an Italian translation of which was pro- fusely given away. In spite of its style of mi- nute exaggeration, in which this fine star piece of necrology was composed, means could not be found to render it interesting. It was confined to the few following facts.
"Benedict Joffeph, son of J. B. Labre and of Anne Berbe Granier, was born on the 26th of March 1741, in the parish of St. Salpice d'Ar- tes, in the diocese of Boulogne. After having passed his youth in the most orderly manner, under the care of an uncle, who was curate of Trin, he determined to devote himself to a life of patience, and took the monastic habit in the
convent of Sept Fots of the Cistercian order. The austerity of this mode of life occasioned a disease, which he suffered patiently; but the physicians obliged him to lay aside the habit af- ter a novitiate of eight months. He afterwards went on several pilgrimages, particularly to our lady of Loreto, and to the holy bodies of the apostles Peter and Paul. He then came and settled at Rome, which he never quitted, unless to go once a year to Loreto. He lived at Rome upon alms, of which he reserved but very little for himself, constantly giving the surplus to the poor. He led at the same time a very exam- plary life, allowing himself only what was reasona- bly necessary for his food and raiment; holding all worldly things in sovereign contempt; and edifying mankind by the severe penance he im- posed upon himself; by the continual prayers which he offered up in the churches; and by the other eminent virtues which he displayed. Although, while living thus, he appeared dis- gusting from the rags with which he was cover- ed, he was, nevertheless, rendered dear and a- miable to other men by his manners, forgetting himself and seeking only to please God. On the 16th of April 1783, after a long prayer in the church of Madonna del Monte , he was seized with a fainting fit, and carried to the house of a pious man, who happened to be there. His disorder growing worse, he received extreme unction, and, at an hour after midnight, depart- ed this life. The following day his body was conveyed, with decent funeral ceremonies, at the expence of some good Christians, to the said church. The report of his death diffused itself throughout the city; and ere long, such an im- mense number of persons of all ranks hastened thither to see him, that it became necessary to call in the assistance of the military, to keep off the crowd. His body was thus exposed till the evening of Easter-day (the 20th of April) when it was attended by eye-witnesses, before a notary, that it was still flexible, palpable, and free from partiality . It was then put into a wooden coffin, which was sealed with the seal of the cardinal- vicar, inclosed in another coffin also of wood, and deposited in a vault, constructed on pur- pose, on the epistle side of the principal altar of the said church."
This monument of superstition and hypocri- sy is worthy of preservation. It is well that posterity should know with what consummate impudence the priests imposed on the credulity of the people at the end of this enlightened cen- tury, in a city abounding with illustrious per- sonages, with travellers from every part of Eu- rope, and with master-pieces of art. It is well that posterity should be able to appreciate those famous knaves, who, disguising their worldly ambition under the mask of fanaticism, had the effrontery to engage heaven in a contest with earth; called upon the devout to pay homage to a vile mendicant, whose only merit, accord- ing to their own confession, was the having led a useless and disgusting life; and thus exposed to ridicule that religion of which they called themselves the supporters; and paved the way for its final overthrow.
Instead of the hand of God, the hand of the Jesuits was plainly visible in the whole of this affair. In order that the enthusiasm inspired by the new saint might not cool, a collection was made to defray the expences of his beatification; and this pious care was entrusted by the cardinal-vicar to several persons of distinction at Rome, notorious for their attachment to the de- funct society. Care was taken to inform all the friends it had in France of the miracles perform- ed by the holy Labre, which wanted nothing but witnesses; and of his prophecies, which were only known to his confessor, and which threatened the Holy See with great calamities, were about to follow the suppression of the Jesuits. The bishop of Boulogne, one of their furious partisans, already announced to his flock, that they had another countryman in hea- ven, and recommended him to their devotion. He collected with scrupulous attention the most minute particulars of the life of the venerable Labre, both during his abode under the pater- nal roof, and after he quitted it. His relations, intoxicated with this unhoped for honour, and little inclined to wait for the happiness that would thence result to them in heaven, already thought their fortune made upon earth; and solicited pensions and benefices; while the sage cardinal de Bernis, who knew not whether to laugh or to weep at all these follies, saw a new article added to his diplomatic correspondence. He advised the enthusiastic admirers of the holy man to moderate their zeal; or at least to defer the expression of it, until it should be proved that their new idol was deserving of their wor- ship. But at Rome nothing could repress the transports of devotion. To doubt the miracles of the blessed Labre was impiety. His revered images were profusely circulated; the pencil, the burin, and the chisel, emulated each other in producing them; and even the scraps of his rag- ged apparel became an object of contention. The pope himself, at a loss how to act; dread- ing the reproach of favouring Jesuitical in- trigues, and dreading still more the danger of opposing them openly, dared not refuse to join his pious homage to that which was lavished upon the relics of the holy mendicant; ordered the bedstead in which his disgusting limbs had been laid to be carried to the Vatican; and re- solved to make it serve for the purpose of his own.
In the meantime, information continued to be collected with regard to Benedict Labre as well at Rome as out of Italy. The whole of it did not prove to his advantage. It was even to be feared lest one of his letters sent to that capi- tal of the Christian world by the bishop of Bou- logne should throw a damp upon the fervour of the devout. In that letter Labre advised his parents to read the works of a certain father Lejeune. Now father Lejeune had been a disci- ple of father Queffiel. This affection for the productions of a Jansenist was a bad recommen- dation to the Jesuits; but they had advanced too far to retire without shame. What was of all things the most important to them was to find food for superstition; and the blessed La- bre answered that purpose as well as any one else.
His credit was still more hurt by a rumour, that when solicited to receive extreme unction at the hour of death, he had made answer that it was not necessary . But what injured it more than all was the report made of him by the vi- car of his parish, who affirmed that, notwith- standing his entreaties, Labre would never con- sent to come to his church to receive the sacra- ment at Easter; and that his abstinence did not deserve to be so highly extolled, since it was well known that he often went to eat and drink at a neighbouring public-house, where nobody had been much edified by his frugality. It was also discovered, that his only confessor at Rome was the priest who declared himself the deposi- tary of his prophecies, and who was notorious for his attachment to the Jesuits. In a short time, the latter were the only partisans he had at Rome; but that was a great deal. Their most active agent was an Ex-Jesuit of the name of Zaccaria, whom Pius VI. honoured with a share of his confidence. It was he who was charged to compose the life of Benedict Labre in two volumes; and to furnish a list of his pre- tended miracles. The pope, who never relin- quished with ironies the foundations of the Jesuit- ical party, suffered himself to be persuaded to
give a bookseller the exclusive privilege of print- ing the history of the venerable life, and all the writings relative to his beatification. The congregation dei Riti was already engaged in that important task; and was anxious to abridge the customary formalities.
All these intrigues, and all these efforts, did not, however, produce the intended effect. The blessed Labre was in vogue in those countries only where the Jesuits had a party. In Spain and Portugal his sanctity and his miracles were objects of derision. In France, a few prelates alone endeavoured to bring him into fashion; but in Rome, in that centre of religious mum- mery, he found for some time abundance of pa- nygriffs, and even of imitators. It was by no means uncommon to meet devotees in the streets of that city begging like him; ragged, and mo- tionless like him; and like him expecting alms from the passengers, but soliciting none.
Great pains continued to be taken to collect, upon the spot and elsewhere, every particular relative to his life. The most singular one is that to which amateurs are indebted for this much revered portrait. A French painter, of the name Bley, who was at Rome in 1777, and who had it in contemplation to paint a picture of the calling of St. Peter, met at the corner of a street a young beggar, with a little red beard. He looked at him; and thought that his head might serve as a model for that of Christ. "Will you come to my lodgings, and be painted?" said he to him in Italian. The beggar refused in a surly manner, and in an accent by which the painter knew him to be a foreigner. "Are you a Frenchman?" "Yes, sir." "In that case, you have it in your power to render a service to one of your countrymen. I wish to introduce the head of our Saviour in a picture I am paint- ing, and am at a loss for a model. You would answer my purpose. Pray do me the favour to follow me." The painter's entreaties, joined to the word countryman , overcame the beggar's re- luctance. "With all my heart," said he, "but upon condition that you do not keep me long." "A single morning will suffice." Upon this they walked on; and upon their arrival at the artist's the beggar became as motionless as a statue. This was a part which he had been long accustomed to play. When the sitting was o- ver a reward was offered him; but he obdina- tely refused it, and retired. The painter heard no more of him.
As he was not dissatisfied with his sketch, he preferred it in a port-folio, which he left at Ly- ons, in a journey that he made thither in 1782. During passion-week in 1783, a report was spread at Rome that a young French beggar, who enjoyed a high reputation for sanctity, was dead; that his body was exposed to public view, and attracted a prodigious crowd; and that miracles were ascribed to him. The paint- er had not curiosity enough to go and see him. He had something else to do. After the inter- ment of the beggar, the concourse round his tomb, and the miraculous results, were the same. One day a model, who was often employed by the artist, spoke to him of the dead man whom he had attentively surveyed. From the description he gave of him, the painter re- collected his French acquaintance, sent to Lyons for his drawing, and ere long found his apart- ments crowded by the curious and the devout. All of them recognized the features of the ve- nerable Labre. To satisfy the impatience of the public, he put his sketch into the hands of an I- talian engraver, by whose means the portrait of the holy man was speedily dispersed all over the country.
This violent enthusiasm was not, however, of long duration. Before the year 1783 had elapsed, the venerable Labre was a little less spoken of; and the fame of his miracles were already upon the decline. All those ridiculous scenes which, in France, had been acted at the grave of Paris, the deacon, were rehearsed round his tomb. The same repaired thither to seek a cure; and notwithstanding their implicit faith, and the mummery of the priests, returned as lame as they went. No matter; his miracles were al- ready numerous and incontestible; and what inference could be drawn from a few abortive cures. It was the fault of the sick, and not that of the physician. The congregation dei Riti was not the less busy in the beatification of the pious beggar; but it was a work of time. It was necessary to collect information in all the places which the candidate had inhabited. It was necessary to have the most authentic testi- monies. It was necessary to observe a number of slow and minute formalities; such, in short, as made it impossible for fraud to procure, for one of the profane, the reward that was reserved for the elect alone. It was necessary above all to have money; for the church of Rome afford- ed nothing gratuitously. This was one of the most scandalous remains of those superstitious times, when the imposed a tribute upon every species of folly. On some future day, indeed, it will scarcely be believed that the dared to dis- figure those brilliant apothecoses, which the bor- rowed from the Pagans, to such a degree as to put up to auction the seats they had to dispose of in the celest. court, and to knock them down, not to men known by their splendid vir- tues, by some great service rendered to their country, or at least by some illustrious crime, productive of a change in the condition of man- kind; but most frequently to vile and indolent wretches, who ought at least to have been con- demned to that obscurity to which they had devoted themselves.
The contributions, however, of credulity in- creased sufficiently in a few years for the con- gregation dei Riti to accelerate the first triumph of the venerable Labre. He was beatified in the course of the year 1792, when the country which had given him birth was already rescued from the clutches of superstition. Labre was then enrolled in the number of the blessed. There remained a still greater victory for him to obtain; that which was to procure him his in- sertion in the calendar of saints, in other words, his canonization. But the ascent to this highest degree of celestial honours was difficult and ted- ious. There was a multitude of obstacles to be overcome. It was necessary that a century should elapse from the death of him for whom that signal favour was solicited; and it must be confessed, that in these latter times canonizations were become very infrequent. None had been pronounced since the pontificate of Cle- ment XIII. As to that of the blessed Labre, it is more than probable, that it is adjourned to an indefinite period.
* In Roman Catholic churches, the two sides of the church are distinguished by the terms, the gospel side, and the epistle side. †
† Model is the name given at Rome to the males and females who hire themselves to such artists as wish to study the human form after its life. ‡
ELLIS & ALAN,
HAVE JUST RECEIVED, PER THE SHIP MA- RY, FROM LIVERPOOL:
FOUR hundred Sacks of SALT, Liverpool Bled.—Also, a few dozen BALLS SIDVELLS and SPADES which, with a number of articles in the hardware line, render their assortment pretty general. August 2. (nav 1w)
THE HIGHEST PRICE (IN CASH) WILL BE GI- VEN AT THIS OFFICE FOR CLEAN LINEN & OTTON RAGS.
TO BE SOLD, At Public Vendue, at Gadsby's Hotel, in Alexandria, on Monday the 26th day of September, at 12 o'clock, on noon:
ALL that TRACT OF LAND, late Presly Thornton, Esquire's, situated in Northum- berland county, Virginia, lying immediately on the Potomac River. The following description is given of this property by persons well acquainted with it:—It contains 2,500 acres, 1,700 acres of which are the most valuable low grounds on the river, between 3 and 400 acres heavily timbered, and the and the remainder very high land, extremely productive. The soil of this tract is equal to any in the state for the cul- tivation of corn, wheat, tobacco, timothy, and small grain of all kinds. On this tract are a large commo- dious Brick Mansion House and two Offices, a Large Brick Stable, Valuable Barn, Cow-House, and many other out-houses. The Orchards and Garden contain a variety of valuable fruit trees, and the waters abound with excellent fish and oysters. It is situated about a day's fall from Baltimore, Alexandria, and Norfolk. There are two good mill seats for grist and saw mills on the estate, and plenty of cedar and chestnut timber, for which an excellent market may be found at the City of Washington.
The terms of sale are—one-fourth cash, one-fourth in one year, one-fourth in 18 months, and the residue in two years from the day of sale. The payments to be secured by bonds, with mortgages on the premises, and to be interest from the day of sale.
For further information, application may be made in behalf of the subscriber, Thomas Robinson, to Richard Peters, Jun. attorney at law, in the city of Philadelphia, or to William Lewis, in the same city, (Philadelphia.)
THOMAS ROBINSON. W. LEWIS. July 23 ep 155.
TO BE SOLD, FOR CASH.
I am requested by David Patterson, Junr. to expose for sale, as trustee, the whole or so much of the property in the trust deed conveyed, bearing date the 27th February, 1804, consisting of the following slaves, viz. JACK, a lad, TOM, a boy, KATE and her three children, BILLY, SALLY and HENRY; SUCKY, and her two children named FANNY and JEFFERSON; as also MOLLY, a girl; in order to satisfy a debt due from said David Patterson, Junr. to Benjamin Hatcher, agreeably to the tenor of the said deed; which sale will certainly take place on the 28th day of Septem- ber next, at the dwelling house of the said David Pat- terson, in the town of Manchester.
GEORGE MCCREDIE, Trustee. Manchester, August 18. (epids)
TO BE SOLD, FOR CASH.
I am requested by David Patterson, Junr. to expose for sale, as trustee, the whole or so much of the property in the trust deed conveyed, bearing date the 16th day of April last, consisting of the following slaves, viz. JACK, a lad, TOM, a boy, KATE and her children, BILLY, SALLY and HENRY; SUCKY, and her two children named FANNY and JEFFERSON; as also MOLLY, a girl; in order to satisfy a debt due from said David Patterson, Junr. to Lyle and Mc- Credie, agreeably to the tenor of the said deed; which sale will certainly take place on the 28th day of Septem- ber next, at the dwelling house of the said David Pat- terson, in the town of Manchester.
JAMES F. LEITCH, Trustee. Manchester, August 16. (epids)
THE subscriber, anxious to discharge every just debt which he owes, will at the same time and place offer for sale for ready money, the residue of his property for the benefit of his creditors; consisting of HOUSEHOLD and KITCHEN FURNITURE, two good HORSES and sundry other articles.
DAVID PATTERSON. Manchester, August 16. (epids)
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD.
Run away from the subscriber, on Thursday the 15th inst. MY Apprentice Boy, by the name of CHARLES MASON BARLOW, who is remarkably stout made, fair complexion, light hair, and blue eyes, be- tween nineteen and twenty years of age, clothes not remembered; his relations principally reside in Han- over and Caroline, for which places I suppose he will make. He has also, I believe, some connections in Or- range county, possibly he may have directed his course that way. Whoever will deliver the said apprentice boy to me, or secure him in some jail, so that I get him again, shall receive the above reward. And I further forewarn all persons from harbouring or em- ploying the said apprentice boy, as I am determined to punish all such to the utmost rigour of the law.
DAVID HOLLOWAY. August 27. (r 2w)
BURR MILL STONES, OF ALL SIZES; and PLAISTER OF PARIS, of an excellent quality, FOR SALE, AS USUAL, BY WILLIAM DAVIDSON, near the Market.
Dec. 4. [epf.]
NOTICE.
THAT by Virtue of a Deed in Trust, executed to the subscribers, by Jeremiah Burton, and Major John Price, for the purpose of raising the several sums of money therein, and also the costs and charges attendant upon the execution of the same. We shall on Wednesday the 11th day of September next, at the Vendue Office of Messrs. Prosser and Moncure, in this city, expose to sale, by public auction to the highest bidder for ready money, a tract of land lying in the county of Henrico upon the three Chopped Road, about ten or twelve miles from this place, said to contain one hundred acres, be the same more or less: being the same tract which was con- veyed by Merrill Jones to the said Jeremiah Burton by deed bearing date the 14th day of August 1801, and duly admitted record in the office of Henrico court, and was devised by the testament and last will of Wil- iam Jones, dec'd, to the aforesaid Merrill Jones.
SAMUEL MCCRAN, } Trustee. GEO: W. SMITH, } (ids)
August 27. (ids)
NOTICE.
A Petition will be presented to the General As- sembly of Virginia, at the next session, praying that an act may pass to incorporate a company for the purpose of cutting a Canal on the south side of the Falls of James River, or otherwise improving the navigation of the river for the passage of Batteaux; and also for the establishment of a Bank in the town of Manchester. August 13. (epuL)
MILITARY CERTIFICATES.
FOR SALE, Certificates of this Rate, bearing in- terest of 6 per cent. and receivable at the Treas- ury, for all arrearages of taxes, prior to the year 1798. WILLIAM PRICE, Cashr. Genl. M. A. S. May 10. tf.
MOUNT SION FOR SALE.
THE subscriber offers for sale, his Plantation in North- umberland county, known by the name of MOUNT SION. The above tract contains about 500 acres, all of which is equal to any land in that part of the country for fertility of soil, and has every requisite to make it a desirable situation for a genteel family. There is on the land an excellent brick dwelling house, with every consent- ing out house; it is situated on the navigable waters of the Potomac, and commands an elegant view of the river; it is very convenient to fish, oysters, &c. and is within one day's sail of Alexandria, in Norfolk, and Baltimore. Terms of the sale will be made known by application to Mr. Henry Bull, who resides on the land, or to the subscriber. TRISTYL JONES. N. B. The above property will positively be sold on the fifth day of the Northumberland District Court, (which is the 2d. of next month) if not disposed of before. May 28. epf.
FOR SALE ON PRIVATE CONTRACT,
GREEN-WAY; the seat on which I now re- side, including Mons-Sacer, & the Court-House Tenement, containing in all 1200 acres of fertile le- vel farming land (reserving one acre of consecrated ground). The whole is bounded by two navigable creeks, emptying into James River before the door and forming a bay, therefrom 1400 yards only—25 miles to Petersburg by water, 30 to Richmond by land and 20 to Williamsburg. The Court-House Tenement has on it a large ensur'd Tavern, with six rooms; one of which is 32 feet by 20 in length and breadth, arch'd in the middle and used for entertain- ments; all the necessary out-houses, a good garden and a fine Well of water, dry cellars, floors &c. for the use of a commercial business, which are now oc- cupied to advantage in that line. This is an excellent place for stock, fish and fowl in their season; and enough of corn, wheat & oats may be made by com- mon industry for the consumption of the Tavern. This Tenement has 200 acres of land annexed to it, and rents for £100 a year.
GREEN-WAY contains 500 acres well improv'd, On it, is a genteel well finished dwelling house, con- taining six rooms; all wainscoted, chair board high, with fine dry cellars, the full length of the house which is 56 feet: also every other building which a reasonable person could wish or desire, to wit: a handsome Barn, Store House, Kitchen, Laundry, Dairy, Meat House, spinning House and an Ice House within the Curtilage, a Barn 40 by 24 feet, two gran- aries, two Carriage Houses, 20 stalls for horses, a quarter for house servants, a handsome Otagon Pi- geon House well stock'd, and several other houses for slaves, a well of water, (so excellent that I can drink it with delight after returning from a mountain ex- cursion) a large fertile garden abounding with a great va- riety of fruits, herbs and beautiful flowers, well en- closed. The buildings new and well cover'd with shingles.
MON-SACER contains five hundred acres more or less, on which is a neat small dwelling, a mill begun on a never-failing stream, one mile from James River and emptying itself therein. This farm is remarkably level and highly improvable, is in a fine settlement for wheat and timber, so that the manufacturing busi- ness may be carried on to great advantage, as also the sawing of timber now so much in demand. About half this estate inclusive is under line fire wood and timber—and scarcely a gully or north on any part of it. The age and fever has not visited a white per- son for 20 years that I recollect. In short there can- not well be conciv'd a more agreeable situation, in all respects than the estate taken together.
UTOPIA
I will also dispose of—This little estate lies in James City county; it is an island surrounded by navi- gable water near the mouth of Chickahominy river, containing 746 acres of high land and hard marsh suf- ficient for the support of 1000 head of cattle in the month of May. The high land is rich