The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1806-07-08 00:00:00

The Enquirer.
PUBLISHED BY THOMAS RITCHIE, OPPOSITE THE POST-OFFICE.....AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM. (PAYABLE IN ADVANCE.)
NUMBER 18.]
RICHMOND, TUESDAY MORNING, JULY 8, 1806.
[VOLUME 5.]
Richmond Prices Current.
   Dolls. Cts.     Tobacco, 5 25   Wheat, New, 1 25   Flour—superfine, 7   fine, 6 50   Corn Meal—per bushel, 75   Bacon—per lb. 12   Raw Iron—per ton, 120   Whiskey—per gallon, 58  
TREASURY DEPARTMENT OF THE UNITED STATES,
JUNE 21, 1806.
WHEREAS the Commissioners of the Sinking Fund, at a meeting held on the 28th day of April, 1806, did resolve, that the sum remaining to complete the expenditure of the annual appropriation of EIGHT MILLIONS OF DOLLARS, should among other purposes be applied to the reimbursement of the NAVY SIX PER CENT. STOCK, created in pursuance of an act of Congress, passed on the 30th day of June, 1798, and to the reimbursement of the FIVE AND HALF PER CENT. STOCK, created in pursuance of an act of Congress, passed on the 3d day of March 1795.
This is therefore to give notice, that the principal of the said NAVY SIX PER CENT. STOCK, with the interest due thereon, will, on surrender of the certificates, be paid on the 18th day of October next ensuing the date hereof, to the respective stockholders or their lawful representatives or attorneys duly constituted and authorized, either at the Treasury or at the Loan Office, as the case may be, where credits have been given for the amount of stock, respectively held by them: and that the principal of the FIVE AND HALF PER CENT. STOCK, with the interest due thereon, will in like manner, and at the same place, be paid on the 18th day of January, 1807, to the respective stockholders, or their lawful representatives or attorneys duly constituted and authorized.
It is further made known, for the information of the parties concerned, that no transfers of the NAVY SIX PER CENT. STOCK, either from or to the books of the Treasury, or from or to the books of a Commissioner of Loans, will be allowed after the 18th day of September ensuing, nor of the FIVE AND HALF PER CENT. STOCK, after the 18th day of December ensuing. And the interest on all certificates of said stock, which shall not have been rendered, in pursuance of this notification, will cease and determine, on the day preceding the day hereby fixed for the reimbursement thereof.
ALBERT GALLATIN,
Secretary of the Treasury.
July 1.
REMOVAL.
DOCTOR WILSON has removed from the Bell Tavern to the Brick House opposite the River of Messrs. J. & R. Gamble and Mr. Neil McCall, where, in addition to his former stock, he has just received a considerable supply of
MEDICINES, PAINTS, &c.
The whole of which he offers for sale at reduced prices.
Orders from Physicians, Merchants and others, will be promptly attended to and carefully executed. It is his intention to devote much personal attention to his shop, and to sell such Medicines as he uses in his practice only. Families can have proper directions to accompany such articles as they buy of him.
   Peruvian Bark Raspish's Bitters   Salap, Calomel Stoughton's Bitters   Rhubarb, Senna Tartaric Acid   Managua Pungent Smelling Bottles   Manna, Salts Phosphorus   Camphor Rose Water   Spanish Flies Tooth Powder   Diritilis Tooth Pick   Pink Root Tooth Brushes   Opiam Greenough's Tincture   Arrow Root Imperial Wash for cleaning leather  
   Also, Essential Salt of Lemons   Anderton's Pills Lavender Water   Butman's Drops Red Powder   British Oil Fine Polishing Copal Varnish   Balm of Hops Whitewash   Chimney's Worm Lozenges Black do.   Hamilton's do. do. Starch do.   Church's Cough Drops White Lead   Corn Plaster Linseed Oil   Dalby's Carminative Spirits of Turpentine   Duffy's Elixir Mace, Cloves   Ebenezer's Peppermint Turmeric, Ginger   Ebenezer's Spruce Long Pepper   Ebenezer's Mustard Indigo, Catechu   Gosland's Lotion Laqueous, Varnish   Gosland's Lotion Madder, Gold Leaf   Gosland's Cordial Starch Leaf   Hartley's Oil Windsor Soap   Hartley's Water Wash Balls   Hartley's Powders Camel Hair Pencils   Hartley's Drops Royal Water Colours   Hartley's Plaster Flint Powder   Hartley's Lozenges Powder Puff   Hartley's Salts Rich Ointment   Hartley's Tonic Wine   Hartley's Ointment   Orange Flower Water  
ALSO—A small supply of Medical Books for sale. February 4. Stf
VALUABLE LOTS AT ROCKETS,
FOR SALE.
THE Subscriber intending shortly for Europe is desirous to sell the whole of his Property in this City and neighborhood, for the greatest part of which a long credit will be given. The property at Rockets joins the upper wharf of Messrs. Picket, Pollard and Johnson, extending in a front line upon the river, more than 400 feet, until bounded by the Mariner's line; thence running northerly upwards of 700 feet till it meets the Main-Street just above the warehouses, where it narrows to a front of near 70 feet. It has also a front on water-street of 230 feet. On these lots are two DWELLING HOUSES, and on the Main-Street a Store, with a Smoke-House and Stable.
From the growing commerce of the City, this property must shortly increase very much in value inasmuch as it contains the whole space on which wharves can be made, above the premises of Messrs. Picket, Pollard and Johnson.
A plot of the above property may be seen, and further information respecting it, and his other property in the neighborhood will be given by the subscriber, who will show the different premises to any person wishing to purchase.
A considerable portion may be had in any part of the above property for cash.
June 24. JOHN BANKS. (rf)
BRANDY & CLARET.
A fresh supply of best 4th proof COGNAC BRANDY, and a few cases MEDOC CLARET, of the Vintage of 1800-04 received, and for sale by— SAMUEL MYERS. June 20. (caw t.)
PROPOSALS
For carrying Mails of the United States, on the following Post-Roads, will be received at the General Post-Office until the first day of August next, inclusive.
6. FROM Washington City by Alexandria, Colchester and Quantico, to Fredericksburg, six times a week.
APRIL 15 TO DECEMBER 1.
Leave Washington City every day at 4 A. M. arrive at Alexandria by 5 A. M.; leave Alexandria at 6 A. M. arrive at Dumfries by 11 A. M. and arrive at Fredericksburg by 5 P. M. in 13 hours.
Leave Fredericksburg every day, at 4 A. M. arrive at Dumfries by 9 A. M.; leave Dumfries at 10 A. M. arrive at Alexandria by 2 P. M.; leave Alexandria at 3 P. M. and arrive at Washington by 5 P. M.
DECEMBER 1 TO APRIL 15.
Leave Washington City every day at 4 A. M. arrive at Alexandria by 6 A. M.; leave Alexandria at 7 A. M. arrive at Dumfries by 1 P. M.; leave Dumfries at 2 P. M. and arrive at Fredericksburg by 7 P. M.
Leave Fredericksburg every day at 4 A. M. arrive at Dumfries by 9 A. M.; leave Dumfries at 10 A. M. arrive at Alexandria by 12 M.; leave Alexandria at 1 P. M. and arrive at Washington City by 6 P. M.
7. Fredericksburg by Bowling Green, White Chimneys, Hanover C. H. Richmond and Osborne's to Petersburg, six times a week.
APRIL 15 TO DECEMBER 1.
Leave Fredericksburg every day at 4 A. M. and arrive at Richmond by 3 P. M.; leave Richmond at 4 P. M. and arrive at Petersburg by 9 P. M.
Leave Petersburg every day, Sunday excepted, at 2 A. M. arrive at Richmond same day by 6 A. M. and leave Richmond at 6 A. M. and arrive at Petersburg by 10 A. M.
DECEMBER 1 TO APRIL 15.
Leave Fredericksburg every day, Sunday excepted, at 5 A. M. and arrive at Richmond by 6 P. M.; leave Richmond every day, Sunday excepted, at 4 A. M. & arrive at Petersburg by 10 A. M.
RETURNING.
Leave Petersburg every day, Sunday excepted, at 2 A. M. and arrive at Richmond by 8 A. M.; leave Richmond every day, Sunday excepted, at 4 A. M. and arrive at Fredericksburg by 8 P. M.
8. From Richmond to Fraziers, New-Kent C. H. Williamsburg, Yorktown and Hampton, to Norfolk, three times a week.
Leave Richmond every Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 4 A. M. & arrive at Hampton by 9 P. M. & at Norfolk on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday by 10 A. M.
RETURNING.
Leave Norfolk every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday at 3 P. M. & arrive at Richmond the next days by 8 P. M.
9. From Petersburg by Cabin-Point, Smithfield, Surry C. H. and Sleepy Hole, to Portsmouth, three times a week.
Leave Petersburg every Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 4 A. M. & arrive at Sleepy Hole by 2 P. M.; leave Sleepy Hole at 3 P. M. and arrive at Portsmouth by 7 A. M.
Leave Portsmouth every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday at 5 A. M. & arrive at Sleepy Hole by 9 A. M.; leave Sleepy Hole at 10 A. M. and arrive at Petersburg by 8 P. M.
DECEMBER 1 TO APRIL 15.
Leave Petersburg every Sunday, Tuesday & Thursday at 11 A. M. & arrive at Sleepy Hole by 9 P. M.
Leave Sleepy Hole every Monday, Wednesday & Friday at 4 A. M. & arrive at Portsmouth by 8 A. M.
RETURNING.
Leave Portsmouth every Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 3 P. M. & arrive at Sleepy Hole by 7 P. M.
Leave Sleepy Hole every Tuesday, Thursday & Saturday at 4 A. M. & arrive at Petersburg by noon.
From Lynchburg by Bethell, Pedlar mills & Winton, to Lexington, once a week.
Leave Lynchburg every Saturday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Lexington by 6 P. M.
Leave Lexington every Sunday at 6 A. M. & arrive at Lynchburg by 6 P. M.
From Waterford by Snicker's gap, R. Braden's store, J. Janny's store, Upper Mill and Israel Janny's mill, to Waterford, once a week.
Leave Waterford every Wednesday at 6 A. M. & arrive at Upper Mill by 6 P. M.
Leave Upper Mill every Thursday at 6 A. M. & arrive at Waterford by 6 P. M.
From Wythe C. H. by Tazewell C. H. Russell C. H. and Lee C. H. to Robinson's mills, once in two weeks.
Leave Wythe C. H. every other Thursday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Robinson's mills on Sunday by 6 P. M.
Leave Robinson's mills every other Monday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Wythe C. H. on Thursday by 6 P. M.
NOTES.
 1. The Post-Master General may expedite the mails and alter the times of arrival and departure at any time during the continuance of the contracts, he previously stipulating an adequate compensation for any extra expense that may be occasioned thereby.  2. Fifteen minutes shall be allowed for opening & closing the mail at all offices where no particular time is specified.  3. For every thirty minutes delay (unavoidable accidents excepted) in arriving after the times prescribed in any contract, the contractor shall forfeit one dollar; and if the delay continue until the departure of any depending mail, whereby the mails defined for such depending mail lose a trip, an additional forfeiture of five dollars shall be incurred.  4. Newspapers as well as letters are to be sent in the mail; and if any person, making proposals, desires to carry newspapers, other than those conveyed in the mail, for his emolument, he must state in his proposals, for what sum he will carry it with that emolument, and for what sum without that emolument.  5. Should any person, making proposals, desire an alteration of the times of arrival and departure as above specified, he must state in his proposals, the alterations desired, and the difference they will make in the terms of his contract.  6. Persons making proposals, are desired to state their prices by the year. Those who contract will receive their pay quarterly, in the months of February, May, August and November, one month after the expiration of each quarter.  7. No other than a free white person shall be employed to convey the mail.  8. Where the proposer intends to convey the mail in the body of a stage carriage, he is desired to state it in his proposals.  9. The Post-master General reserves to himself the right of declaring any contract at an end whenever three failures happen, which amount to the loss of a trip each.  10. The contracts for the routes numbered 1 to 14, are to be in operation on the first day of October next, and to continue in force for two years, from that time; for the routes No. 15 to 57, are to commence at the same time, and continue in force one year; and for the routes No. 58 to 77, are to commence at the same time, and continue in force until the 31st of March, 1809. 
GIDEON GRANGER,
POST-MASTER GENERAL.
Washington City, April 26, 1806.
FOR SALE,
THAT extensive and valuable property formerly owned by Presley Thornton, Esq. and late the property of Sharp Delany, Esq. deceased, situated in Northumberland county, state of Virginia, three miles from the Court-house, laying on the Potomac, near opposite Point Lookout. This property consists of about 2,500 acres of LAND, 1,700 acres of which is fertile low grounds, well adapted to the growth of Indian corn, tobacco, and every kind of small grain, and highly important for grazing. These lands, naturally rich and fertile, are capable of the highest improvement, having inexhaustible sources of sea weeds call upon the shores easily obtained, and large quantities of oyster shells on the shores, and Indian Banks in different parts of the land, some valuable earth easily reclaimed, may be adapted either to grass or culture.
There is on the premises a substantial built brick dwelling house, two stories high, upwards of 80 feet front, well finished; two well built brick houses, forming a square with the dwelling house, and used as offices, upwards of 30 feet by 20, in good repair; a brick stable with stalls for 24 horses, and a large coach house in the middle; a brick dairy; a brick house used as a still-house, and also an extensive frame barn. There is a good proportion of wood land included in the 1,700 acres, heavily covered with white oak, hickory and chestnut, and a considerable quantity of fine thriving locust, red cedar and wild cherry.
The high lands consist of 800 or more acres, of a good quality, level, and afford a good opportunity of improvement.
This property will be sold together or divided into convenient farms to suit purchasers. Possession will be immediately given. A further description of this property is thought unnecessary, as persons inclined to purchase will no doubt view the land.
Application to be made to John Murphey, Westmoreland county, or to James Moore on the premises, who are duly authorized to make conditional contracts for the same.
June 10. law2m
TO BE RENTED,
THE tenement on the street leading from the Main Street up Shocco-hill by the Governor's Store and dwelling house, there is a large elegant and well fixed store and counting room; three rooms a room 18 by 23 feet, another 14 by 16 feet, three sleeping rooms and a lumber room. It being on a street very much frequented, right to the Capitol and Main Street, it fits very well for a store or other business. The situation is healthy and pleasant. Also, to let, four rooms in the tenement, wherein live, that is, a dining room, drawing room, two bed rooms, part of the kitchen, suitable for two horses, and a place to put coals and wood.
W. F. AST. (law3w.)
Foreign Intelligence.
From papers received at the office of the Public Ledger by the brig Wheeler, Captain Belfon, from Liverpool.—Continued.
LONDON, May 9.
Alluding to the first report from the commissioners of military enquiry, Lord HENRY PETTY, in the House of Commons yesterday, announced that arrangements had been made, which he hoped would enable him, before the end of the present session of Parliament, to have the public accounts of the country fully brought up; and as the prominent evil to which his first attention would be directed, namely, the great defalcation in the department of the public officer in the military establishment, (the barracks department, to which the first report of the military commissioners inserted in the Courier of the 25th ult. relates,) would be completely met by that arrangement, he had only to assure the House, that so soon as the arrangement should be completed, not a moment should be lost in proceeding to the necessary measures for recovering the very large balance which was due to the public in the quarter to which he alluded.
We give his majesty's ministers credit for the promptitude with which they seem determined to apply a remedy to the evil.—We hope they will apply it not only with promptitude but with vigour and impartiality. At the same time we trust they will make some arrangements by which those entrusted with public money may be able to obtain a quiescent for their accounts, as soon as they have proved those accounts to be right, and delivered in the proper documents and vouchers. It is known that at present a long period must elapse before the most honest and upright public accountant can obtain his quiescent—a circumstance of considerable inconvenience to him in his private affairs, and one which may, and probably has, also operated to the injury of the public, in this way. The knowledge that a man who has paid in immediately all his balances and given up his vouchers, has not been able for years to obtain his quiescent, may induce another public accountant to keep back his balances, not perhaps with the dishonest intention of defrauding the public, but with the view and hope of quickening the examination of his accounts and the obtaining his quiescent. Here the public sustain a loss by being kept so long out of the money belonging to them.
Another measure, however, adopted by Ministers, is of a very different manner from the one to which we have alluded. It is proposed that the fines levied for the non-execution of the provisions of the additional defence act shall be refunded. Against that proposition Mr. Banks's arguments are strong and irresistible. It will tend in our opinion as a bounty upon want of exertion and activity. Any future opposition may, as the last did, oppose systematically every measure of government, exclaim as they did for the last twenty years, that we were on the eve of ruin and destruction, and assert, against this or that act, that it is absolutely impossible to be carried into execution, and must be repealed. The parishes may believe them, and by neglecting to carry it into execution, may incur large penalties and fines, in the belief that the act will be repealed, and that if repealed, they shall, as is now proposed with respect to the defence act, be released from the penalties to which they have rendered themselves liable.
His Swedish majesty, worthy of his great ancestor Gustavus, has followed up his acts of vigour and decision against Prussia by a spirited declaration, in which he defies the power, whilst he depicts the meanness and duplicity of the court of Berlin. He traces the conduct of that court from the period of formation of the
“coalition against the usurpations of Napoleon Bonaparte,” to the late attack upon the Swedish troops in Lauenburg, which has “put the last seal to the real system of the Prussian cabinet.”
This manly declaration, will in all probability be considered as a declaration of war by Prussia, and though she cannot reply to it by arms; general Kalkreuth will be ordered to enter Swedish Pomerania without loss of time. It will afford pleasure however to our readers to know, that the spirited monarch of Sweden will be supported not only by this country, but by another monarch equally generous and gallant with himself, and equally animated by a detestation of tyranny and treachery as personified by Bonaparte and the Prussian government.—The Swedish declaration speaks of the three allied courts of Peterburgh, Stockholm, and London.
Petition of the citizens of Anspach to the king of Prussia.
The following paper has been already given to the public, but in such an abridged state, that it cannot have excited that ardent interest which the perusal of it at large must excite in every sensible mind. It will be seen, from the poignant expressions of the inhabitants of Anspach, on the fear of being consigned to a new master given to them, not by their own sovereign, but by the compulsory power of the French emperor, what the sentiments of the Continental States are, on their being thus transferred, as many of them have been, to new dominion and foreign sceptre. This curious document we now give at large, to increase the detestation of French politics, and quicken the commiseration that must be felt for those who are subjected to them.—
“May it please your Majesty,
“The citizens and inhabitants of Anspach draw near the exalted throne of your majesty, with bleeding hearts, in the name of the country to be happy under your majesty's administration. We hear on every side the report, that the venerable and holy bond, which, during a century, has connected the honest inhabitants of Anspach and Bayreuth, with the sovereign of Brandenburg, is to be violently broken; that this ancient royal inheritance, this cradle of the Prussian monarchy, is to be torn from the States of its sovereign, and made a subject to a foreign sceptre. The idea of a magistracy consecrated by God and the consent of the people, to the subjects, are the surest foundation of every constitution. Happily for mankind, these sentiments cannot be changed like a garment, more especially when they have been inherited during successive ages, from father to son, and felt for the same race of sovereigns. Happily for mankind, the upright servant, who is not content with eye service, and who is proud of submitting to an honourable government, cannot feel a more painful and degrading thought, than that of being compelled to exchange a master to whose service he was born, and whom he loves and venerates.
“These considerations, held in their expression, will not fail powerfully to impress your majesty's feeling how; may they, an may your noble sense of truth and justice, decide the fate of this our most humble petition, and the felicity of your Franconian territory! Half a million of men, who have inhabited these States, and who have lived joyfully and happily under your majesty's government, implore your majesty, as children submitting their parent, not to abandon them; but to continue as before, with like benignity and justice, to watch over the constitution entrusted to you, and graciously to turn aside the evil of an exchange.
“Proud from the consciousness of belonging to the throne of your majesty, though removed at a distance from it, and connected with your majesty, as well by the service of ages as by unbroken fidelity, we are ready (if necessary) to secure our delivery from this evil, by every sacrifice, even of our property and lives. We are further animated by the consoling conviction, that we belong to a wise and just king, who not only holds it to be greater and more honorable to secure to his states the blessings of peace than to acquire splendor by the vain acquisition of conquest; but over whose exalted mind the enticements of mere convenience and rapacious policy, and the advantages of an increased population, will avail nothing against the interest of his ancient and faithful subjects; and that our sovereign, true wife and good, is, for our preservation, and the felicity of the world, endowed by Providence with the power of giving effect to his will, and of maintaining the dignity of his crown, not suffering it to be preferred to him over what people his sceptre is to govern.”
“With the deepest devotion, &c.”
Anspach, Jan. 21, 1806.
SWEDISH DECLARATION.
“From the moment his Swedish majesty had determined upon taking a part in the coalition against the usurpation of Napoleon Bonaparte, his majesty had fixed his attention upon the preservation of the electoral possessions of the king of England upon the Continent, which had been evacuated by the French troops. Ready to enter them with a Swedish and Russian army, united under his orders, his Majesty hastened, upon the first intelligence of the movement of a Prussian corps towards that country, to enquire into the intentions of his Prussian majesty, and in full confidence to demand of him, whether the march of his troops had the same object as that of the combined army; namely, that of restoring the electorate of Hanover to its legitimate possessor, and in that case to concert with his Prussian majesty the joint measures to be taken. The king of Prussia, from that period, evaded entering into any explanation relative to this important object, and that in a manner far from friendly. The irresolution since manifested by that sovereign, in joining the case of the allies, could not but tend to augment his majesty's suspicion; and his majesty did not hesitate to anticipate events, in causing it to be publicly made known, at a period when the intentions of the court of Prussia, with respect to the states of his Britannic majesty, could only be matter of conjecture, that the country of Lauenburg should still remain under the protection of the Swedish troops, until a convention for that purpose was concluded with the king of England. It was the sole right of this monarch only, as proprietor of that country, to decide upon the future fate of his
hereditary states: every arrangement, therefore, relative thereto, between France and Prussia, was inadmissible.
“It was, notwithstanding, upon this arrangement that the king of Prussia, in his proclamation of January 27, which was published soon after, endeavoured to assert his right to the complete occupation of the electorate of Hanover. The reiterated protestations made by the court of Berlin on this occasion, of being induced to take this step merely to save that country from calamities, ought to have been received as a guarantee for its future independence. This language, however, did not last long; instead of regarding the electorate as a depot till the return of a general peace, as his Prussian majesty had solemnly announced in the Proclamation before cited, a new Proclamation, issued from Berlin, dated April 1, announced, on the contrary, the definitive union of these provinces to the Prussian monarchy; a measure which the court of Berlin pretended was founded upon the right of conquest, and a formal treaty with France.

French by the Austrians; and the French will not receive them from any other hands. The mouths of the Catoaro are separated from Dalmatia by the state of Ragusa, to the extent of about thirty miles, so that the possession of Catoaro is quite unconnected with that of Dalmatia. The French are masters of the whole of Dalmatia and Istria, where they have upwards of thirty thousand men; the Russians at this moment have no more than three battalions at Catoaro, making in the whole, about 1,500 men, and not one soldier beyond that number. When General Brady surrendered the forts to the Russians by an act of base treason, he found the regiment of Thurn in the place six hundred strong, and this general delivered the forts up to the three hundred Russians, who were landed from two frigates. The indignation of some of the officers of that regiment was then at the highest pitch, and Mr. Ghislieri was so far as to write to these officers, for the purpose of allaying their resentment, and reconciling them to the surrender of the forts. These officers, reckoning upon the esteem of the French soldiers, afterwards published the Marquis's letter, adding the assertion, that the posts above-mentioned were held by the Marquis and General Brady.
On the same day that the Marquis wrote the aforesaid letter to the Austrian officers, he wrote another to General Molitor. Mr. Ghislieri, and those who had given him orders, sold their master and their country in the same manner as when the second coalition was formed. One would think it was time to adopt that kind of conduct that would insure peace, and not continue to seek for motives of eternal discord, in contemptible subterfuges. We by no means doubt, but when these letters come to the knowledge of the War department at Vienna, proper punishment will be inflicted upon those who have been capable of such perfidious conduct.
The following observations appear in a Note upon the following article:—
“An account of the circumstances that attended the surrender of the mouths of the Catoaro to the Russians, adds, to several particulars already, that neither the Marquis Ghislieri, nor the Austrian commandant, protested against the entrance of a Russian squadron into the port, though at the same time, they were waiting in expectation of the French; and though, in consequence of this conduct, they also exposed the French, who were on their way hither, to the danger of falling into the hands of their enemies, when they might have supposed they were entering a friendly port. The said Gentlemen also had taken no measures for repelling the attacks of the Montenegrins. It is likewise repeated, that the Austrian officers had protested against the conduct of their commandant; that some of them were put under an arrest on this account, but were liberated, in consequence of the remonstrances of their brother officers; that the Marquis Ghislieri, seeing the officers were determined to resist any attack on the part of the Russians, said that he had orders from his superiors for surrendering the forts of Catoaro to the Russians; and, that the Russians were even invited by the Austrian commandant to take possession of Catoaro, for which they had no orders from their own Court, and which could only be approached by the Russian squadron, under command of Henry Bayle, an Englishman; and, lastly, that the Russian Commandant at Corfu being applied to for his assistance in this affair, refused it, being unwilling to act without orders from his Court.
“In the letter written by the Marquis to the Austrian officers, he says, the place is not considered as being summoned by a hostile power, and much less by the Montenegrins, but by the repeated claims of a Russian commandant; that he had chosen for himself the part of causing his majesty's troops to withdraw from Catoaro; and this, in consequence of its being a desire of a court in friendship and alliance with the house of Austria, relative to which he had express orders, from high authority, which enjoined him to take no other steps than those of protests and declarations; that he had entered into no terms of capitulation with the Russian Commandant, having bound himself to nothing more than the necessary protests and declarations, for the purpose of justifying the Court of Austria against any complaint on the part of the French, that the affair could not possibly be attended with any disagreeable consequence to himself, nor by any means tend to impeach the bravery of the officers, &c.
“The letter of the Marquis Ghislieri to gen. Molitor, in which he magnifies the forces of the Russians and Montenegrins, asserts, that they were approaching the Austrian garrisons on all sides, threatening the whole province with death and destruction if any resistance should be made; he then adds, that, finding all his protestations fruitless in convincing them of the impropriety of their conduct, he was compelled to yield to imperious circumstances, though with his master's brave troops he hoped to have been able to preserve the province of Catoaro in its prosperous condition for the Emperor of the French.
“A note was presented, on the 25th of March by General Lauriston, Commissioner in Dalmatia, to the Marquis Ghislieri, who was charged with the cession of Venetian Dalmatia. In this note General Lauriston asserts that the regiment of Thurn would willingly have defended the place, and had shown much reluctance in quitting it. The general also puts the question to the Marquis whether he had surrendered Catoaro from his own motives, or whether he had acted according to superior orders, as it was of much importance to the General to inform his Government of the fact. He further asked, why Catoaro was surrendered to the Russians; and remarks upon the absurdity of pretending to preserve Catoaro in a flourishing state, as the Montenegrins had scarcely been two days in the place, before they began to murder and plunder the inhabitants, who had armed themselves and come to blows with these strangers.”
No. 1. Abstract of the Proceedings for remitting the mouths of the Catoaro to the Russians and Montenegrins.
“On the 19th of February, 1806, Generals Molitor, Dumas, and the Marquis De Ghislieri, Commissary-General of His Majesty the Emperor of Germany and of Austria, for the transfer of Dalmatia and the Mouths of the Catoaro, arrived at Zara.
“The Marquis De Ghislieri, having there learnt the summons of the Commandant of the Russian squadron to the Commandant of the Austrian troops, manifested that he regarded that summons as an outrage to his Sovereign, and proposed to go immediately to Catoaro; which was agreed to by the Generals. He actually went there on the 25th or 26th of February.
“During that time, General Molitor, put his troops in march for the Mouths of the Catoaro, and took the most expeditious means to effect that object.—That General arrived, on the 27th of March, on the confines of the republic of Ragusa, two days' journey from Cattaro Nuovo, the first fort on the territory; where he learnt that the forts of the Mouths of the Catoaro were ceded to the Russians and Montenegrins on the 4th of March.
“It is notorious that the Austrian Commandant made no protest against the entrance of the Russian squadron into a port belonging to them, and where they expected the French whom they exposed, without any information, to the danger of falling into the hands of the enemy, when they thought of entering into a friendly port.
“It is farther notorious that the Austrian Commandant and M. de Ghislieri took no measure for repelling the aggression of the Montenegrins, unless they regarded them also as their Allies.
“Text"> “The Austrian officers composing the garrison of the forts of the Catoaro, protested against the conduct of the Austrian Commandant, for giving up the fort to the Russians, some officers were even put under arrest, and demanded by their comrades, for having spoken strongly against such a determination, and that before the arrival of the Marquis de Ghislieri.
“When that Commissary arrived, and saw the officers persist in refusing the forts and defend themselves against every aggression, he gave orders, in virtue, as he said of superior orders, to give up to the Russians all the forts and territory of the Mouths of the Catoaro.
“General Brady, Governor of Dalmatia and Albania, sent, at the moment of his learning the treaty of peace, an order, to be satisfied with protesting, and to deliver the forts to the detachment of Russian troops, landed from their frigates, in case of being summoned. He reiterated his orders that the Russian agents might not be ignorant of it; the Austrian Commandant at Catoaro informed them of the order which he had received. These not being able to determine the Russian Commandant at Corfu to act without orders from his Court, succeeded in bringing into the Mouths of the Catoaro, the Russian squadron, commanded by Mr. Henry Bayle, an Englishman.
“Finally, the forts of the Catoaro were occupied by a small number of Russians, taken from the vessels of the squadron, and by about 1,000 Montenegrins. The Austrian Garrison consisted of two battalions of the regiment of Thurn, forming a total of 1,500 men.
“The inhabitants are groaning under the vexation which they experience. Blows have already passed between them and the Montenegrins. The houses at Catoaro have been sacked and pillaged.
“Such is the flourishing state in which the Marquis De Ghislieri would leave the Mouths of the Catoaro to his Majesty the Emperor of the French, and King of Italy, according to the Treaty of Presburg.
“At Zara, the 26th March, 1806.”
No. II. Copy of a letter from the Marquis De Ghislieri to Mr. de Zainino an officer of the Regiment of Thurn, and communicated by that officer to his comrades, by the desire of the Marquis De Ghislieri.
Castelnovo, 6th March, 1806.
“SIR,—As in the difficult circumstances in which I have found myself placed, nothing could lay nearer my heart than not to decide anything which could displease to brave and estimable a Garrison as that of Catoaro and as besides, according to what Lieutenant D'Essemborg has informed me, I have reason to fear that I have not entirely accomplished my object. I avail myself of the personal knowledge which I had the happiness to have of you, Sir, to make to you amicably two observations only, and to beg of you, to communicate them also to your comrades.
1st. It is not to the summons of a Power at War with our august Master, and still less at the demand of the Montenegrins, with whom I have not even entered into treaty, but only to the reiterated summons of a Russian Commandant that I have taken the resolution of withdrawing the troops of His Majesty from this Province; and consequently it is only by the express wish of a Court in friendship and alliance with our own, and against which superior orders are very precise, nor to use any other means than those of declarations and protests, and never any measures of armed defence.
2dly. I have not entered into any capitulation with the Russian Commandant, which I should never have concluded without the consent of the Army, but I have simply confined myself to making the necessary protests and declaration, to leave no room of complaint against our Court by the French, and to insure the respect due in all circumstances to the flag and troops of his Majesty.
“According to these very clear observations, you will yourself see, Sir, that the part which I have taken is a measure altogether political, and the only one which circumstances permit, and not a measure in any respect military; which ought to tranquillize yourself and your brave comrades, respecting every consequence which you might apprehend from it, to the disadvantage of your reputation, already too well insured among the army and the public, to be implicated by a measure wholly foreign to military affairs.
“By my readiness to enter with you and for you, with all the officers, into such details, you will judge of the value which I affect to your esteem and good will, and two lines in answer, which may be directed to me, to the care of the Imperial Consul at Ragusa, will give me much pleasure. I am with perfect respect, your's &c.
(Signed) GHISLIERI.
No. III. Copy of a letter written by the Marquis De Ghislieri, to General Molitor, Governor of Dalmatia and Albania.
Zacotaz, 9th March, 1806.
“General—The same motives of prudence which induced me to precede the troops destined to occupy the mouths of the Catoaro, under your Excellency's command, have put me under the necessity of ordering the troops of my august masters to be withdrawn not so much to avert new dangers from a brave garrison, who desired nothing better than to fight, as to preserve from Pillage and from total ruin, a province, which is already the property of His Majesty the Emperor of France and King of Italy.
“The fury with which the Montenegrins, raised in a mass by their Chief Pontiff, menaced the province, and the enthusiasm entertained, in common with them, among the inhabitants of the mouths of the Catoaro, by the Sectaries of the Greek Religion, who form three-fourths of the population, had for some time alarmed the government, when a Russian squadron, which came to anchor at Porte Rose, the 27th ult. in the evening, contributed farther to paralyze the little means that might be employed to frustrate the projects of the Montenegrins. The days of the 28th of February and the first and second of March, were employed in inundating the province by some thousands of Montenegrins, reinforced by the inhabitants of Zuppa, Commoni, and Patrovichio; and when this horde was already in motion to attack the forts guarded by Austrian troops, the Commandant of the Russian squadron summoned, the 3d March, the Governor of Catoaro to give up all the forts, or to declare himself the enemy of his Majesty the Emperor of all the Russias and the next day reiterated to me the same summon, and the Peremptory terms of half an hour, always according to the principle that the mouths of the Catoaro were already French territory, from that day that the delay of two months, and for their occupation by the French troops were
expired. A moment so pressing, persuaded as I was that the valour of the garrison would not have been sufficient against a number of Montenegrins, infinitely superior, nor against the fire of the squadron might have made upon the forts, and likewise persuaded that a devastation of the province would have been the consequence of refusal, I thought it my duty to submit to the force of circumstances, and not to have recourse to violent means, after having in vain exhausted those of persuasion and protests and by such a conduct I saved to my august Master brave troops, and preserved for your's, General, the mouths of the Catoaro in a flourishing state.
“I flatter myself that, in this respect, the part which I have taken will merit the approbation of his Majesty my august Master, and will not excite the smallest complaint on the part of the French government; and which will be to me the most pleasant recompense for the trouble of every kind which I have suffered, and even the dangers which I have run these last days.—I have the honour, &c.
(Signed) “GHISLIERI.”
No. IV. Note to the Marquis De Ghislieri.
“The undersigned Commissary General of his Majesty the Emperor of the French and King of Italy, has had the honor to receive from the Marquis de Ghislieri, Commissary-General of his Majesty the Emperor of Germany and Austria, the answer to his note of the 21st of March; in which he announces to the undersigned that he has dispatched that note to his Court; and that he further refers to the answer given to General Molitor respecting the same grievances.
“The undersigned hastened to ask of General Molitor the answer spoken of by the Marquis De Ghislieri; it is dated the 9th March, 1806, from Zacotaz.
“In that answer, the Marquis De Ghislieri makes known that the garrison of Catoaro wished only to fight; the undersigned is so much the more persuaded of it, that he positively knows that protests have been made by the officers of the Regiment of Thurn, against giving up the forts to the Russians, that some officers were put under arrest for that protest, and that generally all the officers and soldiers of that regiment testify their indignation at having given up the forts of the mouths of the Catoaro to a small number of Russians, who would not have made the smallest resistance against the regiment of Thurn, composed of 1,500 men.
“But notwithstanding all these protests, the forts of the mouths of the Catoaro were given up to the Russians by order of the Marquis de Ghislieri.
“The undersigned has the honor to beg of the Marquis de Ghislieri to inform him, whether he has acted in this circumstance by his own authority, or in virtue of superior orders; for it is essential that he should make known to his Court the reasons for which the Austrian Commandant and the Marquis Ghislieri have peaceably allowed entrance, and a residence in the parts of the mouths of the Catoaro, to the armed squadron of a power at war with that to which they were to have given up the forts, and to whose Generals they gave no information.
“It is also important that the undersigned should inform his court of the motives on which the mouths of the Catoaro have been ceded to the Russians, instead of being given up to the troops of his Majesty the Emperor of the French and King of Italy, conformably to the treaty of Presburg.
“The reason given by the Marquis de Ghislieri, in his letter to General Molitor, of the 9th of March, cannot be admitted. He there says, that it is to prefer to his Majesty the Emperor of the French and King of Italy, the mouths of the Catoaro in a flourishing state, that he has given them up to the Russians and Montenegrins.
“But only two days after their surrender, the Montenegrins sacked and pillaged the houses; and those very inhabitants which the Marquis de Ghislieri represents as in accord with the Montenegrins, armed themselves and marched against them, and even killed several.
“The same inhabitants stretch their arms to the French and bitterly complain that they have been given up to their most cruel enemies.
“The undersigned expects with impatience an answer from the Marquis de Ghislieri, and persists in the demands which he made in his Note of the 21st March. He conceives the Marquis de Ghislieri must be invested with the necessary powers to comply with them, since he had that of commanding the garrison of Catoaro, notwithstanding its protest, to give up to the Russians the forts of the mouths of the Catoaro.
“He has the honour to give him the assurance of his great respect.
(Signed) AL. LAURISTON.
“Zara, 25th March, 1806.”
Domestic Intelligence.
Extract of a letter from a Gentleman at Detroit, to his correspondent in New-York, dated June 1st, 1806.
“Since my arrival at this place there have been several reports made to Mr. S. Griswold, our Siding Governor, by Indian traders, from different parts of the country, of the frequent secret councils held by the Indians, under pretence of passing laws to oblige their own people to become sober and industrious, by applying their time to improving lands and living after the manner of the white people; but knowing their practice of dissimulation and treachery, we were suspicious that their meetings were to concert measures to make an incursion into this country, plunder the inhabitants, and retire. This occasioned a sense of danger to spread amongst the people. But altho' this timely notice has been given, I fear we have been deficient in providing against the dangers to which from the remote situation of this place, we are particularly exposed. The vast extent of the frontier, the scattered situation of the settlements, the nature of savage warfare, together with the exact knowledge the Indians possess of every part of this country, make me fear that the inhabitants who are not under immediate protection of the fort, will find their resistance ineffectual.
“I have deferred writing you on this subject before, for fear of giving an unnecessary alarm not being sufficiently assured of the truth of the reports.—We are now no longer in doubt, that the Indians are preparing to commence war against the United States, and we daily expect an attack at this place. We are well informed, that they have an unusual quantity of provision and ammunition in their possession.
“These accounts are corroborated by an express from Fort Wayne [on the Miami] sent by the commanding officer, and the arrival of the brig Adams from Michilimackinac, where the inhabitants were all under arms, and one half on guard every night.—Between 5 and 600 Indians were assembled on the island, when the Adams failed, with great pretensions of friendship—but the commanding officer of that post, has no doubt of their hostile intentions whenever they find themselves sufficiently strong; and well knowing their treachery, he will not trust to their outward appearances, but keeps in readiness to defend the fort against any attack which they may meditate upon it.
“These circumstances afford cause of the greatest alarm, and we have been in council for three days, for the purpose of taking every possible defensive precaution, and have at last resolved to build block-houses in different parts of the territory for the protection of the inhabitants.
Gov. Hull has not arrived—his presence is much wished for at this time, in order to call out the militia on actual duty.”
MIRANDA.
FROM THE UNITED STATES GAZETTE.
Translation of a Bulletin circulated in Caracas.
AN American newspaper of the month of March last, gives an account of the intended expedition projected and directed by the self-styled gen. Miranda, and it affirms that although of late, few miracles* have taken place, yet the success of this madman in the attainment of his ends would certainly be considered as one. The public wait with anxious impatience the result of this very mysterious expedition, and in order to gratify its curiosity we shall develop THE MIRACLE.
On the 27th of April the self-styled general Miranda, without any other protection than an indirect one from a government calling itself a friend to Spain, despised and rejected by the negroes and mulattoes of Jacmel, presented himself on the coast of the province of Caracas, off the settlement of Ocumare, 14 leagues W. of La Guaira, and he ordered 5 of his miserable wretched companions to land with the intention of seducing or attempting to alter the invincible fidelity of its inhabitants. Government who had traced all his steps from the U. S. to Jacmel, and from thence to Ocumare, ordered two of the small vessels of the royal navy of Spain in this province to attack him; this was executed on the 28th with becoming ardour, and that coward who was brewing in his heart destruction by fire, murder, robbery, and every other calamity, turned all his thoughts how to insure his personal safety by flight, leaving in the hands of his enemies two of the vessels of his expedition with sixty three accomplices of his projects, their arms, ammunition, uniforms and papers. On the 30th his five spies were apprehended without having obtained by their mission any other object save that of having most completely undeceived themselves, being thoroughly convinced that from the highest to the lowest class of people in this country they all adore their sovereignly and respect the laws.
His papers having been examined, indecent proclamations were found, capable only of deceiving those madmen who have followed him, and highly injurious to the loyalty of these inhabitants. They asserted that he came moved by their repeated calls, and this step, the offspring of the lowest ignorance, has produced the following effects. Every settlement in the province, and every class therein has been elevated to the highest pitch of enthusiasm. A general and violent hatred towards that impostor has seized the hearts of all: not a moment passes without fresh proofs thereof. The traitor has been proscribed; immense subscriptions have been raised to exterminate him; the whole coast is lined with bayonets and covered with soldiers, who joyfully abandoning their dwellings, give repeated proofs of their love to their sovereign, of attachment to their general, of the horror with which they view the machinations of the traitor, and of the power of a government directed by justice and supported by the love of virtuous citizens. His accomplices will be tried with the utmost severity of the laws, and the people happy in not having even a single Spaniard among this gang of wretches and vagabonds, only desire the extermination of their perfidious countryman, who born in their land, traversed Spain, Turkey, Russia, France, England and the U. S. leaving every where traces of his perversity behind him. Let him fly from a land he would wish to stain by his impostures and perfidy, nor ever dare approach it, for its inhabitants most ardently desire to purify it, by the sacrifice of his detected person, and this they certainly would have done had the traitor manifested more resolution.
* Alluding to a Communication in the Richmond Enquirer of February 28th. But the expression there is, “miracles do not come every day, and unless a miracle does come, Miranda must succeed.”
The authenticity of the following cannot we believe be questioned; as it is said to come from the little intriguing ex-minister of Spain. Aurora.
FROM THE UNITED STATES GAZETTE.
Extract of a letter from Caracas.
“Anticipate your impatience, and send you a list of prisoners taken on board Miranda's Schooners. It has been furnished to me by a Spaniard, unacquainted with our language, and some names are copied in such an incorrect manner as to oblige me to guess their true meaning. The bubble of that adventurer's expedition is burst, and this province is in such a state of defence, both by nature and by the reunion and organization of its resources, that not less than ten thousand regular troops would make any serious impression on it. The inhabitants in general have shown much loyalty & attachment to their government; forty thousand dollars have been subscribed in this country, and offered as a price for Miranda's head; but he has escaped by flight, and some of our countrymen are actually under close confinement, from which they will only be released by death. The most intelligent among the prisoners declare the expedition received the encouragement of our administration; the news we received from the United States appears to confirm this supposition.—If this be so, our rulers have degraded themselves indeed, and will be answerable before God and their country for the blood of these imprudent & deluded men, the greatest number of whom will most assuredly be executed as pirates.
LIST OF PERSONS
Taken in the two Schooners which accompanied the Leader.
  William Lippincott, jun.  Alexander Buchanan,    Danl. Randall Dunning,  Matthew Buchanan,    dead.  Stephen Bulfis,    Paul A. Forge,  George Ferguson,    Gustavus Adolphus Bergand,  William Cartwright,    Daniel D. Kenfuer,  Samuel Tozes,    Baily Negus,  Abraham Head,    Henry Ingerfol,  James Haeghly,    Robert Saunders,  John Sullurvan,    John Elliot,  Thomas Donahue,    Daniel Mackey,  Jeremiah Pabell,    John Hayes,  John Ferris,    Henry Hervey,  Charles Schuman,    Moses Smith,  Miles Toall,    John Parcells,  John H. Skirton,    Daniel Nilton,  Thomas Billoot or Billock,    Eden Bullingham,  Frederick Reachen,    Joseph Benner,  James Grant,    Benjamin Davis,  Francis Traghaufan,    John Edfel or Efsdel,  William Long,    John Scott,  Samuel Prin or Price,    Phineas Raymond,  David Flekle,    John Burck,  John Moore,    Ely King,  Thomas Gill,    Peter Awkinditty,  Robert Huensong or Harison,    William Burnside,  Benjamin Nicholson,    Robert Rains,  * John Smith,    Ponfrey Grant,  William Pride,    Joseph Eele,  James Garden.    Daniel Newbury,   
* Is this the son of the Ex-Surveyor of New-York.?
NORFOLK, July 2. Private letters from England say, that the million of Lord Selkirk to the United States is not quite certain. It is by some stated that his lordship wishes to decline the embassy. At all events his departure is delayed, until the fate of the bill before parliament respecting the Colonial Intercourse with this country, and the negotiations depending with Mr. Monroe, are determined. We expect that the Prohibitory Bill reached London a few days after the date of our advice by the Wheeler of the 11th of May.
The Herald says, that this Bill was published in Gore's Liverpool paper of the 8th of May.
Extract of a letter to a gentleman of Philadelphia, dated Natchitoches, May 6, 1806.
“Every thing is now quiet in this quarter; the Spaniards are behaving like friends. Their commanders inform that they have received orders to treat the Americans with attention and respect; they take every possible means to cultivate peace and harmony.
NEW-ORLEANS, May 28.
Letters have been received from Kaskaskia & Fort St. Louis, which mention the arrival of Lieut. Z. M. Pike from the northern boundary of the United States. It appears that Lieut. Pike was dispatched with a command of more than 50 men in the month of April or May 1805, from Fort St. Louis to explore the main branch of the Mississippi river and other purposes; his orders and instructions were to ascertain particularly the lat. and long. of the various places on the river, and one great object was to discover an illicit trade supposed to be carried on between the British traders of the north-west company with the Indians within the United States.
The letters state that Lieut. Pike found British traders several hundred miles within our lines, trading with the Indians; that he collected duties for goods to the amount of upwards of 28,000 dollars—that the Indians were stimulated by those traders to commit depredations on him and his party? that he had several skirmishes with them, in which he lost five or six men, and always made them retreat. This information comes so well authenticated, that it may be relied upon.
Miscellaneous.
From the Albany Register.
MR. BARBER, I SEND you the observations I made on the total eclipse of the sun, which occurred on the 16th. Without doubt pains have been taken, by gentlemen possessing the means, in every place where this rare phenomenon could be seen, to make similar observations with every possible degree of accuracy. These, when brought together, may be of essential service in correcting the geography of our country, and the readiest way to do this is through the medium of the press. I therefore give my observations for publication, and hope that others will do the like. I have stated them in detail in order that a judgement may be formed of their propriety and accuracy in the collections that will be made for the purpose of deducting a general result.
The latitude of this place has been ascertained by a series of observations on the zenith distances of the principal stars in Lyra and Cygnus taken from Makelyne's Tables and corrected by the equations of their annual variations, aberration and nutation. The instrument used was a sector of thirty inches radius, made expressly for me by the late celebrated David Rittenhouse, and furnished with an excellent achromatic telescope.
The equal altitudes were taken with Godfrey's brass Sextant, of the belt of Ramsden's make, also furnished with a telescope. The clock used was selected from the best of Mr. Don's of this city.
The atmosphere was uncommonly serene during the eclipse, and afforded the finest opportunity for observations, while it permitted the most perfect display of a spectacle inexpressibly beautiful and grand. I was so fortunate as to observe the eclipse very near the moment of its commencement, and took the end of it as nearly as I could judge, when the same almost insensible impression was left on the sun's Disk. I used the telescope of my sector; its magnifying power in sunspots was about 900. The beginning of total obscuration was noted at the instant the last direct ray of the Sun disappeared, and may be relied on as correct—but its continuance being nearly three minutes longer than was given by the Almanacs, and I having, from a fear of displacing the telescope, and of not having time to re-adjust it, omitted to remove the dark glass, the sun had left the field of the telescope before his reappearance—I was therefore obliged to note it with the naked eye—I believe, however, that very little if any error is to be apprehended from this cause. But I regret the circumstance chiefly on another account—I lost by the opportunity of viewing the phenomenon with the assistance of glasses in its most interesting state. Several persons have since told me that during the total obscuration, a luminous spot was observed some distance from the southwesterly edge of the moon. This singular appearance, if there is no mistake in it, has no doubt on this occasion received such notice from others as to ascertain its reality. A similar appearance has been mentioned in the case of a total eclipse before this, either by a volcano or a perforation through the moon so as to admit a passage for the rays of the Sun.
It may be of use to know precisely the distance to which the moon's shadow extended. It is therefore hoped that persons who were to the north and south of this, where the least part of the Sun's northerly or southerly edge was visible, or who can ascertain the line between those places in which the Sun was partially and totally eclipsed, will not withhold their information. Care should however be taken not to mistake the light which proceeded from the illuminated edge of the moon for the direct rays of the Sun.
S. DE WITT.
19th June, 1806.
OBSERVATIONS,
Made at Fort Orange, in the city of Albany, for ascertaining the Longitude by the Solar Eclipse, 16th June, 1806.

  LATITUDE, 42 deg. 38 min. 39 sec.   Estimated Longitude from Greenwich, 73 deg. 47 min.   Equal Altitudes of the Sun for regulating the Clock.   June 14th—A. M. 8 46 00   P. M. 3 10 30   Correction of the clock, 01,5 Mean 11 56 31,5   A. M. 8 57 14   P. M. 2 59 09 11 56 24,4   Correction of the clock, 01,4   A. M. 9 16 16   P. M. 2 40 15 11 56 32,3   Correction of the clock, 01,3   A. M. 9 38 55   P. M. 2 17 55 11 56 33,1   Correction of the clock, 01,1   Mean total 11 56 30,8   Clock flow, 3 29,7   1 44,8   June 17th—A. M. 9 02 33   P. M. 2 53 26 Mean 11 56 00,4   Correction of the clock, 01,4   A. M. 9 07 55   P. M. 2 47 53 11 55 49,3   Correction of the clock, 01,3   A. M. 9 19 57   P. M. 2 40 02 11 56 00,3   Correction of the clock, 01,3   Mean total, 11 55 56,3   Clock flow, 4 03,7   2 01,8   Loss in 3 days, 0 17,0   Loss in 2 days, 0 11,3   Clock flow 14th day, 1 44,8   Clock flow 16th day, 1 56,1   June 16th—A. M. 8 46 03   P. M. 3 09 59 Mean 11 56 03,5   Error of the clock, 01,5 3 56,5   Clock flow, 1 58,2   By 14th and 17th day's observation, 1 56,1   Mean error of the clock for the 16th, 1 57,4   The equations for the change of the Sun's declination being almost insensible, were not applied.   Observations of the Eclipse, Corrected by the error of the clock, deduced as above.   Commencement, A. M. 9 50 12   Total begins, 11 08 06   Total ends, 11 12 57   The end 12 33 08   Duration of total eclipse, 4 51   Half duration, 2 25,5   Passage of the centre, 11 10 31,5   Duration of Penumbra's passage, 2 42 56 
The Enquirer. RICHMOND, 8th JULY.
THE 4TH OF JULY
was not celebrated in this city with all the honours to which it is entitled. The different military corps appeared in uniform; there was a scattering dinner here and there; but there was not that universal and solemn exhibition; that symphonic concert of soul, which should announce the Birth-day of a great nation. There was no solemn discharge of Artillery; through the different flags of the day; there was no great assemblage of citizens in the Capitol or at a festival; there was no public dinner, no animated expression of the American feeling by toasts, due to the occasion.  But this apparent remissness is not to be attributed to any indifference about the principles of the Revolution, which was this day announced; but to the want of some five individuals to conduct the necessary arrangements—more especially to the want of proper concert among the several volunteer corps, each of whom have their particular mode of celebration.  At 12 o'clock, a very respectable number of gentlemen and ladies assembled at the Capitol, in the Hall of the House of Delegates, when the following ORATION was delivered by Mr. PETER V. DANIEL.
May I not, on this solemn occasion, presume upon the common feelings of Americans? May I not, in the holy zeal which to-day should animate every heart, meet that indulgence which youth and inexperience are taught to hope for? For this, fellow-citizens, is the anniversary of a nation's birth—this, the returning triumph of reason and humanity over prostrate violence and fallen corruption: the day on which the United States, in defence of freedom, as the only tribute worthy their achievement, claim the tears of freemen . Should our grateful emotions find a witness whose feelings flow not in the same warm current with our own, his unnatural hesitance shall be corrected by presenting to his view the various governments of the earth. We will show him the miserable hard-earned pittance, by inflexible force or corrupt ingenuity, wrung from the hand of laborious penury—the sanguinary and rapacious spoiler, rioting in the prostration of liberty and sacred property; and surely, surely he will be kindled into man. These he will contrast with the countless blessings gladdening gladdening our country; will learn to glow with a brother's warmth, and raise with us the voice of exultation, at contemplating the dignity and happiness of the species. When the annals of the world are unrolled to our inspection; when acts of criminal abandonment swell the horrid detail, how pleasing to the philanthropic temper of examples which prove, that humanity has not been uniformly bad & degenerate; that man has sometimes demonstrated his divine original!  The event we hail with joyous acclamation, the glorious revolution which gave independence to America, considered as to its causes, its progress, or its effects, challenges entire admiration.  To the hardy Britons, peopling this remote region, the thinning product of the mine, the genial temperature of an even sun, nor the delights of luxurious superfluity, offered no allurements. In all the insatiable rudeness of nature they fought the trackless wild; they severed the closest ties of social existence, and eager met the merciless savage—extremes of climate to them almost as unfriendly: want, disease, death! But when viewed in comparison with arbitrary and oppressive religious and civil restrictions, calamities such as these dwindled to insignificance, with freedom and all her bright concomitants in prospect!  "the desert find it, And paradise was open'd in the wild."  Beyond the sickening atmosphere of tyranny, the British American colonies rose early to prosperity and power: but as fast a generous advocate of American rights, "they were planted by oppression, they flourished from neglect." (1) For not by offices of paternal tenderness did they learn the mother's attention towards them, but by jealous manifestations that the power of chastisement was hers. The genius of despotism, banqueting on human degradation and misery, pined at beholding a rising people in full fruition of many and valuable blessings: her in-
struments, the base minions of a profligate court are affluently applied; calculated and systematic machination immediately commenced. American governments, and the accumulating products of American industry, whetted the avarice of indolent courtiers, and exhibited a lenitive for the fettering consciences of politicians, who, for opulence and infamy, might consent to barter the dearest rights of their fellows. Unfathomed with entire commercial absorption; unsatisfied with a generous and filial promptitude to aid the mother in every necessity, a remote and foreign power resolves to derive hence more directly and more copiously, the means of pampering imperious lordlings—and for this, colonial security furnishes the propitious pretext! Exactitude unqualified, was the tone of Britain to our devoted country; and in implicit obedience to laws from whose enactment all power of dissent was denied, was prepared for her a bon-lage most onerous and humiliating. Picture to yourselves, fellow-citizens, the harpies of lawless domination, plotting the introduction of Russian mercenaries (2) to the sacred recesses of domestic privacy; let us glance for a moment on the death-warrant of civil security, (3) which was to drag the innocent and defenceless sufferers from his home, his family and his laws, to an irritated and prostitute tribunal. With the flushing features of humane indignation you will turn from the view and ask, impatient ask, the blood of such distinguished, such illustrious offenders.
We cannot sufficiently admire that temperate firmness of our fathers, which, when injury in rapid and ceaseless succession followed injury; and their representations in behalf of violated rights were insultingly stiled the impertinent clamors of discontented rebels; confined them to remonstrance so long. With the patient humility of affectionate children, they supplicatingly clung to a relentless and unnatural parent, but still kept in sight the legitimate boundary between concession and resistance. Here it was, O Liberty, thy divine influence was manifested! 'Twas thou that dictated to insulted, to injured Americans, "What free-men may concede, grant freely; but in obedience to demands with the bayonet at your breasts, give blood, give life alone!" Driven to the extremest limit of endurance, to thee they shouted & amazed the world. What a scene was here displayed, my countrymen! On the records of ages it stands unparalleled; grant Heaven, it may rest a solitary monument of averse principles, of virtue and enormity in the human character. The cause of America was reason's and was nature's cause: her revolution the desperate convulsion of an outraged people, pressing with dreadful resolution to the rank which heaven had assigned them. A war by lawless usurpation induced, could not be otherwise than savage in its prosecution. The predatory and desolating form it assumed, numbers of my countrymen too well recollect. Infatiate and dethroned power, inflamed and disappointed avarice, waved high the hand of "promiscuous ruin," and transmuted a national conflict, to a war on property and on person. But not by a contempt for ages which primeval civilization seemed to sanctify; not by the deadly infection of loathsome prison-ships; not by the hideous spectre-forms of hunger, cold, disease, of whatever can afflict mortality, was to be bowed a high intrepid spirit, when peace, security and ennobling liberty, were held up as the wages of suffering. The very calamities of Americans; the blood which told the broken soldiers' march, had convincingly augured the downfall of oppression, and the fearful defecation of indignant heroism, but for the blindness of injustice and the condemnation of tyranny, to fabricate the altar for its own immolation. Miserable epitomes of man—well might ye tremble; well might you think confounded at the valiant displays of indigent, destitute Americans! Debased, paralyzed by the spirit of your institutions, with daily examples of degeneracy before you; yet never knew, ye could not know the god-like energies of human nature, "when freedom fires the soul," and rouses its sublimest faculties to action! Incomprehensible to you that heaven-sent agency, mitigating the patriot warrior's hardships, and soothing into smiles, the agonizing contortions of aching life! But our pride it shall be to retribute such glorious magnanimity! We will love with pious veneration, that superior wisdom; that active and faithful ability which under weighty and multiplied difficulties, but which difficulties seemed to create, have borne us thro' a repentinous, a boundless "sea of troubles!" For the eighteenth century was reserved a development of the true heroic character. In other times had daring mortals "swum to empire through a purple flood;" but anterior to our revolution, how seldom could man lamenting the necessity only declare; "I have anxiously fought to destroy my fellow; pleased have I beheld effuse, the wasting current of a brother's life." Ifus, Phaethon or Aitum may astonish with the habitude of individuals, or excite a shudder at their crimes; Bunker's-hill, Monmouth and White-plains, with magic force shall awaken every manly feeling: they shall go far in forming men of other ages—shall teach them to know, to remember themselves men! Inefficient the happiest pencil to the portraiture of what our country has experienced; ours be the joy to reflect, that Alcides-like vanquishing the monster which threatened her infant existence, she has sprung to full and vigorous maturity.
The hateful invader expelled, was there no reason to apprehend, from restless ambition or dishonest interferences, obstructions to the establishment of internal tranquility? No Pisistratus, no Timophanes, no Julius was here to blotch the fair complexion of American politics, or vex the well-ought repose of an exhausted people. Their struggles had been a common & general assertion of their most invaluable claims, equalled only by the vigilant integrity manifested for their preservation. Accordingly did our illustrious fathers exhibit to admiring millions a spectacle august as it was rare; independent sovereigns in representative convention, and though warm from the tumult of battle, with philosophic temperance, investigating the rights of man, and rearing to protect them a barrier which shall tower in colossal majesty, when oblivion has wrapped in impervious night the gorgeous pageantry of thrones, and when to the "great play things" of monarchs shall be denied even recollection existence. Confederate Greece had repelled the attempts of Xerxes and Mardonius; but here was an union growing from occasional necessity, and expiring therewith. The Achaian league appears among the first confederation of independent states with a view to permanence. The jarrings of this body, however, resulting from improper latitude, from separate and exclusive privileges in its members; (4) forbid its assimilation with the union of our states. The diverse nature of the Helvetic constitutions afforded no model. From impressive experience, Americans had been taught, that a government by the few is encroachment systematized; "that the spirit of monarchy is conquest." (5) Hence the original of the federal constitution; hence too that early intermutual warrant of democratical systems.  Upon a retrospect of the past, on viewing our present situation, or when pointed by hope to the limits of human probability, should not our
bosoms own the thrill of rapture, at oppression's having reared her gorgon crest in our land? For behold, fellow citizens, the mighty consequences. First, among these we must number a fertile and extensive territory rescued from that abominable policy, which estimates the possessions and even lives of millions as they subserved only to capricious fancies of profligate individuals: The establishment of these great political axioms, every deviation from which is a departure from reason and from right, and must terminate in absurdity and a thousand ills; that sovereignty is the legitimate possession of communities only, never was, never can be rightfully inheritable—that forms of government must claim immutability from the will of the governed; not from speculative equipment of parts; nor from preposterous, insulting family pretensions—that allegiance is not an indissoluble obligation—that promotion to the administration of laws, never elevates beyond their co-reion, nor vests the power of despotism. We have escaped the contentions of aspiring potentes, escaped the contagion of European politics, have opened an asylum for the oppressed of other climes; and under the cherishing influence of an unexampled constitution, have risen with lightness rapidly in population, in arts, in opulence and in power. Britain no longer makes instruments of Americans in prosecuting her vile iniquitous projects. Feeble and tottering to dissolution we have abandoned her, stained and deformed in age, with the blood of Hibernians, of Columbians, of myriads whose crime was to inhabit a soil in which the ruby sparkled, or to be unblest with inferior force. We have abandoned her tissue of artificial customs, inexplicable except as they form a net-work to ensure the homely comforts of honest industry, for a simple & rational jurisprudence, which emanating from the people can have popular good alone for its object. (6) Privileges & distinctions established on the wrong and abuse of the many, are no longer deemed indispensable components in every well organized constitution. Ribbons and stars make not the incentives of American patriotism. Honor, justice and public spirit, are insulted with the traffic; or laugh at the lure of such unmeaning gewgaws. That principle which annually fills this room, the consecrated principle of electoral suffrage, is the indefatigable nerve of virtuous exertion; the imparting cause of dignity and importance to the lowliest son of our country. Election here is not mocked by "an auction of boroughs," nor legislative councils converted to "public courts for registering royal edicts." Ours the admirable system disarming wealth of all that rendered it dangerous, and reducing by frequent and regular reversion to a level with honest worth, men who had otherwise been exalted to noxious elevation. Disabilities are no longer inseparable from creeds, nor religious advancement procured by the dismission of brethren; (7) but to the abolition of tests, and acts of conformity have succeeded liberal and expanded sentiments of divine beneficence, to harmonize, not to exacerbate the intercourse of humanity. Immense as the ocean which divides them, the difference of character on the eastern and western sections of the globe! There, nation accounts its prosperity the calamities of nation, and politicians reckon their address by successful duplicity, or by seasonable infractions of conventions the most solemn. Here, numerous and separate commonwealths unite in powerful and harmonious fraternity, and by conjoint exertions of individual ability operate general good. Throwing off the trammels in which a blind policy had confined her, has commerce adopted as peculiarly her own the sons of United America. Secure in the product of his efforts, the adventurous mariner launches his bark with spirit on the deep; and the peaceful agriculturalist, gratefully acknowledged his country's first benefactor, bids plenty wave in golden triumph over our fields. Numerous population with identity of language, and freedom of investigation, are ranked by theorists (8) among the chief incentives to scientific research. In ancient and modern Europe or Asia, in no one country have all these requisites existed; and the human mind has been employed in fabricating unintelligible theologies, or in weaving an useless metaphysics. Thus are we frequently astonished at finding in the history of those countries, an union of grossest ignorance in elementary government, with a polemic subtlety to which few at present attain. What may we not promise ourselves from the amplitude of our country, the rapid multiplication of her citizens, and the genius of her constitution? As soon shall we be seen fighting for that of Luther or Calvin; our progress shall not be arrested by contentions with pretended literacy for superiority in deciphering what the vates of worthless mortals may have etched. Medals and Mausolea may divert the attention of flatters from their fallen wretched situation, but here shall man be the subject of enquiry, and his every relation comprehended, whether in the natural or social state.
Whilst exulting in the singular felicity of his country, not to that country would the generous and philanthropic American restrict such superior blessings. Casting his eyes around the globe he will look forward to an universal jubilee; and fondly hope that his fathers have founded a glorious call to dissolve the coward souls of despots, and rout their groaning broken slaves, to vengeance, liberty and happiness. May we not, fellow citizens, still contemplate a period, when the dwarfish insignificance of jure divino claims, now secure and concealed in the nantle of ignorance and superstition, shall everywhere uncovered, find impunity in contempt; when man shall nobly dare to ask, whence this immeasurable distance between my fellow and myself; or where the evidences of that fiat intrenching him with divine sanction? O may we not anticipate a day on which, where now at the feet of remorseless Strapaz lies trembling spiritless innocence, the people's senate in benign majesty shall convene, and eloquence no longer perverted to gloze or embellish iniquity, shall speak the ban of tyrants, and the vindication of right. Infatuate interest will smile in possession of power, and nominate such predilection the "baleful vision" of a disordered mind; but the ordinations of God and nature are violated: dreadful retribution must arrive at last; humanity shall find an avenger; "for man has yet a foul, and dare be free." A mighty and an injured people, in frantic commotion lately burst the galling fetters which for ages had entwined them, and seemed destined to advance the great work of emancipation. Every son of freedom made a common cause with them; in the magnitude of the prize for which they seemed to contend fought to excise criminality itself; and first on the catalogue of his wishes, placed the success of their struggles. But flattery more vigorous than doating monarchy, was had in reserve for Frenchmen. Europe and Africa they have crimsoned with their blood, that arbitrary rule might be extended; that millions might bend to a master unallied to them even by community of birthplace. The Alpine Swifts carols his wild notes no longer, nor pines when remote to view his "cloud-capped" glaciers. The cheering dress in which independence decked
his native hills, a ruthless tyrant has torn away, and all their barren rudeness stands exposed. In viewing the original, maturity and declension of states, great diversity is perceived marking these several stages of their existence. Has their establishment more especially been the consequence of oppression, and confirmed by long and violent exertion? incorruptible honesty, intrepid and dauntless valour, at first form among them the principal features of distinction. These an extension and prevalence of commerce soften and wear down, and naturally operate a catastrophe, which although particular causes may retard or entirely avert, is generally certain and fatal. Adverting to this progression, an elegant poet thus glowingly pours it out.  Each nobler aim repress by long controul, Now flinks at last, or feebly mans the soul; While low delights succeeding fall behind, In forid meanness occupy the mind.  Goldsmith's Traveller.  Striking exemplifications are exhibited by Greece after her contests with the Persian Empire, and Greece at the battle of Cheronea: by Rome after the expulsion of her tyrants and before her dominion had crossed the Alps, and Rome in the days of Jugurtha, of Crassus, & of Cæsar: or to cite a later example, by Holland after the administration of an Alva had driven her to desperate resistance, or when combating the illicit purposes of Lewis and of Charles; and Holland at the present period. Does reason warrant the conclusion, that our country as for their magnitude that has done, shall likewise above all others claim distinction for the duration of that blessing she enjoys? Or will not our patriotism be inculped in the attainment of wealth; the spirit of seventy six be sunk to torpidity? The heroes whose valour achieved our emancipation, the fages who constructed the ark of our liberties, invariable time continually flattches from us—the last hour almost has despoiled us: even now seem vibrating on our ears the complaining tones which told the fatal direption. Should we not with the internment of these worthies, dread the consignment of freedom and happiness to earth; should we not fear the ephemeral existence of disinterested patriotism? Monarchies have ever triumphed in the unhappy termination of most free governments. The mobility of Athenian tribes, the tumults of the Forum, they have dwelt on with barbarous satisfaction. Forgetting a Nero, a Commodus, a Bassianus, forgetting many whom the history of later ages has damned; forgetting many whom history "shall damn to everlasting fame," they have falsely represented as essential to republicanism, the incident disorders of ill-digested systems. Our country, fellow citizens, has hitherto proclaimed the shame and mortification of these pseudo-politicians. In the general wreck of human dignity and human rights, she forms the buoyant fragment to which linking liberty now clings. Shall we stop to imagine a monster attempting the subversion of this precious relic? "Departed spirits of the mighty dead," O may ye infuse into endless generations that devine enthusiasm which has summoned you to a deathless fame! Long may ye brood over purchases your blood has sealed! And we swear, by that same blood we swear, to live in full possession of our birth-right, or in the privation to prove our ancestry; to prove ourselves "Americans in heart and in sentiment!"
(1) Vid. Col. Barre's speech on the stamp act in the House of Commons. (2) The bill for the raising of the same by Lord Grenville, as a means of enforcing the stamp law, was rejected. (3) An act of Parliament removing the American accused to Britain for trial. (4) Plutarch's lives of Aratus and Philopœmen. (5) Eminent de loix. (6) Vid. Blac. Com. Vol. 1, Chap. 2, P. 157. (7) Vid. Monteq. De L'home and Blackstone on the British Constitution. (8) Vid. British Statutes against popish recusants. (9) Vid. Kaims' sketches of the history of man.
At a numerous meeting of gentlemen, who assembled at the Washington Tavern on the 4th instant, for the purpose of celebrating the Anniversary of American Independence.  ALEXANDER MCRAE, President. WILLIAM MUNROE, Vice-President, the following toasts were drank.
 1. The day. May it's annual return be forever hailed by freemen.  2. The people of the United States.  3. May the sacred principles which gave birth to this day be forever as dear to the people, as they are pure in the selves.  4. The patriot statesmen, who proclaimed the Independence of America.  5. The patriot soldiers, by whose valour it was established.  6. The first congress of the United States.  7. Thomas Jefferson the President of the United States, and author of the Declaration of American Independence.—9 cheers.  8. The memory of General Washington.—9 cheers.  9. The memory of those heroes who died in fighting the battles of their country.—9 cheers.  10. The constitution of the federal government; may it strengthen and perpetuate the union and liberty of the people.—6 cheers.  11. The people of Virginia; they have not lost and may they never lose the spirit of 1776.  12. The constitution of Virginia; excellent, because it prevents no object to excite ambition or party-spirit.  13. Agriculture and commerce: prosperity to the former, freedom to the latter.  14. Our fellow-citizen, James Monroe.—9 cheers.  15. The Yazoo speculation; may the virtue and justice of the next congress pronounce its sentence of death.  16. The state of Massachusetts; always united to her by respect and affection, we are now bound together by political sentiment.—6 cheers.  17. The memory of George Wythe. 
VOLUNTEERS.
By the President. The orator of the day. By the Vice-President. Success to the negotiation for the purchase of the Floridas; may peaceful bargains always be preferred to decisions by the sword. By Meriwether Jones, (whose fickleness, to the great regret of the company, prevented his joining in their felicity, but who sent them the following toast.) May the spirit, which formerly animated the American breast in celebrating the 4th of July, never degenerate into mere form or contemptible parade.—3 cheers.
COMMUNICATION.
JULY 4th, 1806.
THIS ever-memorable day was celebrated at the Cool Spring on the Falls Plantation, near Manchester, in a manner highly gratifying to every real American. A splendid field dinner was given by the Manchester Cavalry commanded by Capt. Heth, to which were invited the Richmond Troop of Horse, commanded by Capt. Sheppard; the Governor, the Chief Justice, the Colonels of the counties of Chesterfield and Henrico, and a few of those old revolutionary characters, whose services in those days "which tried men's souls" can never be forgotten. The day was uncommonly fine. It was calculated to add to that animation of spirits which the event itself, and the harmony among this band of brothers, was fitted to inspire.  After going through the customary evolutions and firings, the company repaired to the Mason's Hall, in Manchester, to hear a handsome Oration delivered by Mr. Peter F. T. Smith, in commemoration of the
honors of the day. At 4 o'clock they set on to a table covered with all the dainties of the season. It is pleasing to say, that the utmost harmony and good understanding prevailed. After the cloth was removed the following TOASTS were drank.  At 6 o'clock the company separated. The trumpet called the troopers to horse—the Manchester troop conducted their friends to the Bridge, where, after exchanging many civilities, they took an affectionate leave of each other, and each trooper retired to recline "under his own vine and fig tree."   1. The day we celebrate; may we never cease to venerate those heroes and statesmen, who, regar-dless of danger, secured to us the blessings of national liberty and national happiness—3 cheers.  2. The constitution of the United States; if imperfect, may those imperfections be calmly discussed & wisely amended—3 cheers.  3. Thomas Jefferson President of the United States; may his conduct prove a shield against the invidious tongue—9 cheers.  4. The Vice-President; his valour gained him laurels in the field, his patriotism honor in the cabinet—3 cheers.  5. Heads of departments; may they prove faithful to their trust.  6. The memory of the immortal Washington, the Lycourus of the Western World, the founder of a great republic, a fabric, like his name, that will endure forever: "Fill, Lucius, fill, until the wine o'erpreads the cup."—17 cheers.  7. The memory of Gen. Thomas Nelson; who better deserves the name of patriot and statesman? 7 cheers.  8. The memory of Patrick Henry; the real republican yielding his own tenets to the nation's will. 7 cheers.  9. The memory of those revolutionary heroes, who have fallen in defence of their country's rights; we will live uncontrouled by foreign power or share their fate—13 cheers.  10. The fair sex. O lovely women! your happiness our object, your smiles our best reward—21 cheers.  11. Munroe & Pinckney; may their patriotic efforts; obtain for us an honorable adjustment of our differences with Great Britain—7 cheers.  12. The flag of the United States, may the power which would invade its neutrality, tremble before its omnipotence—6 cheers.  13. The Governor of Virginia, amiable in private, useful in public life—6 cheers.  14. The militia of the United States, the natural and safe defence of a free people—6 cheers.  15. Agriculture and commerce; it is the policy of each to nurture and protect the other—3 cheers.  16. The arts and sciences; may they be effectually cultivated, and eternally flourish—3 cheers.  17. The United States; may the grand cement in this political fabric be composed of harmony, happiness, and unabashed power—17 cheers. 
VOLUNTEERS.
By the Chief Justice—The volunteer corps of Virginia—May they perpetuate that flame on which depends the nation's safety—7 cheers. By Colo. Mayo—The Manchester and Richmond cavalry; may their brows be encompassed with the laurels to which they are entitled. By Capt. Sheppard—The memory of Gen. Butler—3 cheers. By Colo. Good—National dignity; may it be respected abroad, and preserved in our councils—3 cheers. The Chief Justice having retired. By Capt. Heth—John Marshall; the soldier, the statesman, the profound and incorruptible judge—7 cheers. By Lieut. Scott—The orator of the day; his eloquence is only equalled by his modesty—5 cheers. By David Rofs, Esq. May the American breast yield an hospitable shade; the laws, a safe and generous protection to the virtuous and honest lovers of true liberty, of every nation and clime who seek to repose under such a mild asylum. The Troop of Horse were not ignorant of the usual custom of toasting their fair country women last. But they deem it of a more emblematic compliment to place them in the centre. It is there they should stand, encompassed by honor, and guarded by the arms of a surrounding soldiery.
By the last Western Mail, we received a set of New-Orleans papers to the 4th of June, which contain very little news of any importance. A paper of that day states, that "gentlemen, who have lately descended the Mississippi, bring information that a number of United States troops are now on their way to Natchez." On the 18th May, Mr. Mahon laid a resolution before the Legislature of Orleans, for the purpose of removing the seat of the legislature from New-Orleans to Point Coupee. The ostensible reasons are the "contradictory dispositions manifested among the residents at N. Orleans, which are ill calculated for the promotion of the business of solemn legislation; the distance of that town from the centre of the territory; the want there of suitable accommodations; and the great expense of living. But this resolution seems rather the effect of a momentary jealousy, and of a desire to evade certain accommodations from the city council of N. Orleans than from any immediate desire to remove the seat of the legislature. There can be little doubt, however, that this resolution and the spirit in which it originated, is hereafter to become the egg of many animated disputes.
Though these papers are of so recent a date, they say nothing about a report, which is stated in the Philadelphia Gazette in the shape of letters from New-Orleans of the 1st of June: That both houses of the legislature being irritated by Governor Claiborne's refusing to pass two or three of their bills, adopted a resolution to the following purport: "Whereas the members of these houses in accepting seats therein, were assured by the purest motives for the public good, and whereas the governor of this territory has successively negatived their wisest laws & proceedings, it is therefore resolved, that this house, taking into consideration the heavy and unnecessary expense it occasions to the territory, do unanimously adjourn until the first week in February." We repeat that our papers are completely silent as to the moving or passing of this resolution. Let us be on our guard! There is a set of intriguing men, even on the alert to sow suspicion between the people of Louisiana and the United States. They may have unfortunately succeeded in weaving a few uninformed people of Orleans from us; but let them delit here; vain will be the effort to wean us from them.—Quere, when is the intriguing Ex-minister of Spain to take his departure from the United States?
The length of the proceedings on the 4th of July forbids the publication of other original matter.

Of the cause of the Yellow Fever, and the means of preventing it in places not yet infected with it, addressed to the Board of Health.
A great deal has been written respecting the yellow fever. First with respect to its cause, whether domestic or imported. Secondly, on the mode of treating it.
What I am going to suggest in this essay is to ascertain some point to begin at in order to arrive at the cause; and for this purpose some preliminary observations are necessary.
The yellow fever always begins in the lowest part of a populous mercantile town near the water, and continues there without affecting the higher parts. The sphere or circuit it acts in is small, and it rages most where large quantities of new ground has been made by banking out the river for the purpose of making wharves. The appearance and prevalence of the yellow fever in those places, being those where vessels arrive from the West-Indies, has caused the belief that the yellow fever was imported from thence. But here are two cases acting in the same place. The one, the condition of the ground at the wharves, which being new made on the muddy and filthy bottom of the river is different to the natural condition of the ground in the higher parts of the city, and consequently subject to produce a different kind of effluvia or vapour; the other case, is the arrival of vessels from the West-Indies.
In the state of Jersey neither of these cases has taken place, no shipping arrives there and consequently there has been no bankment for the purpose of wharves, and the yellow fever has never broke out in Jersey. This however does not decide the point as to the immediate cause of the fever, but it shows that this species of fever is not natural to the country in its natural state; and I believe the same was the case in the West-Indies before bankments began for the purpose of making wharves, which always alter the natural condition of the ground—no old history of the West-Indies, that I know of, mentions such a disorder as the yellow fever.
A person seized with the yellow fever in the affected part of the town and brought into the healthy part, or into the country and among healthy persons, does not communicate it to the neighbourhood, nor to those immediately around him. Why then are we to suppose it can be brought from the West-Indies, a distance of more than one thousand miles, since we can see it cannot be carried from one town to another, nor from one part of a town to another at home; but a healthy person going from a healthy part into an affected part will be seized with it, which shows it has a limited existence, and is not communicable. Is it in the air?—This question on the case requires a minute examination. In the first place, the difference between air and wind is the same as between a stream of water and a standing water. A stream of water is water in motion, and air is wind in motion. In a gentle breeze the whole body of air as far as the breeze extends in breadth moves at the rate of 7 or 8 miles an hour. In a high wind at the rate of 70, 80 or 100 miles an hour. When we see the shadow of a cloud gliding on the surface of the ground we see the rate at which the air moves; and it must be a good trotting horse that can keep up with the shadow even in a gentle breeze—consequently a body of air that is in and over any place of the same extent as the affected part of a city may be, will, in the space of an hour, even at the moderate rate I speak of, be moved 7 or 8 miles to leeward and its place and over the city will be supplied by a new body of air coming from a healthy part the contrary way, and then on its continual succession. The disorder therefore is not in the air considered in its natural state and never stationary.—This leads to another consideration on the case.
An impure effluvia arising from some cause in the ground in the manner that fermenting liquors produces an effluvia near its surface that is fatal to life, will become mixed with the air contiguous to it, and as fast as that body of air moves off it will be impregnated every succeeding body of air however pure it may be when it arrives at the place.
The result from this state of the case is, that the impure air or vapour that generates the yellow fever issues from the earth, that is from the new made earth or ground raised on the muddy and filthy bottom of the river, and which impregnates every body of air that comes over the place in like manner as air becomes heated when it approaches or passes over fire, or becomes offensive in smell when it approaches or passes over a body of corrupt vegetable or animal matter.
The muddy bottom of rivers contains great quantities of impure and often inflammable air injurious to life, and which remains entangled in the mud till set loose from thence by some accident. This air is produced by dissolution and decomposition of any combustible matter falling into the water and sinking into the mud, of which the following circumstances will serve to give some explanation.
In the fall of the year that New-York was evacuated (1783), Gen. Washington had his head quarters at Mrs. Barriam's, Rocky Hill in Jersey, and I was there—Congress sat then at Prince Town. We had several times been told that the river or creek that runs near the bottom of Rocky Hill, and over which there is a mill, might be set on fire, for that was the term the country people used; and as Gen. Washington had a mind to try the experiment, Gen. Lincoln, who was also there, undertook to make preparations for it against the next evening, Nov. 3rd. This was to be done, as we were told by disturbing the mud at the bottom of the river and holding something in a blaze as paper or straw, a little above the surface of the earth.
Colonels Humphreys and Cob were at that time with Gen. Washington, and those two gentlemen and myself got into an argument as to the cause. Their opinion was, that on disturbing the bottom of the river some bituminous matter arose to the surface, which took fire when the light was put to it. I on the contrary supposed that a quantity of inflammable air was let loose which ascended through the water and took fire above the surface. Each party held to his opinion and the next evening the experiment was to be made.
A few had been stationed in the mill-dam, and Gen. Washington, Gen. Lincoln and myself, and I believe Col. Cob, (for Humphreys was sick) and 3 or 4 soldiers with poles were put on board the row in Batteaux. General Washington placed himself at one end of the row and I at the other. Each of us had a roll of cartridge paper which we lighted and held over the water about two or three inches above the surface, when the soldiers began disturbing the bottom of the river with the poles.
As Gen. Washington sat at one end of the row and I at the other, I could see better any thing that might happen from his light than I could from my own, as the light I was nearly perpendicular. When the mud at the bottom was disturbed by the poles, the air-bubbles rose fast and I saw the fire take from General Washington's light and descend from thence to the surface of the water, in a similar manner as when a lighted candle is held so as to touch the smoke of a candle just blown out, the smoke will take fire and the fire will descend and light up the candle. This was demonstrative evidence that what was called firing the river on fire was setting the inflammable air on fire that arose out of the mud.
I mentioned this experiment to Mr. Rittenhouse of Philadelphia the next time I went to that city, and on our opinion on the case was, that any combustible matter (vegetable or otherwise) that underwent a resolution and decomposition of its parts, either by fire or water in a confined place so as not to blaze, that the air or vapour that issued from it would be inflammable and would become flame whenever it came into contact with flame.
In order to determine if this was the case, we filled up the breach of a gun barrel, about five or six inches with saw-dust and the upper part, with dry sand to the top, and after sticking up the touch-hole, put the breach into a smith's furnace and kept it red hot so as to consume the saw-dust, the sand of consequence would prevent any blaze. We applied a lighted
candle to the mouth of the barrel, but as the first vapour that flew off would be humid it extinguished the candle; but after applying the candle, three or four times the vapour that issued out began to flash. We then tied a bladder over the mouth of the barrel which the vapour soon filled, and then tying a string round the neck of the bladder above the muzzle took the bladder off.
As we could not conveniently make experiments upon the vapours while it was in the bladder, the next operation was to get it into a vial. For this purpose we took a vial of about three or four ounces, filled it with water, put a cork slightly into it, and introducing it into the neck of the bladder, worked the cork out by getting hold of it through the bladder. The water then emptied itself into the bladder and the air in the bladder ascended into the vial. We then put the cork into the vial and took the vial out of the bladder. It was then in a convenient condition for experiment.
We put a lighted match into the vial, and the air or vapour in it took fire and blazed up in the manner of a chimney on fire. We extinguished it two or three times by stopping the mouth of the vial, and putting the lighted match to it again, it repeatedly took fire, till the vapour was spent and the vial became filled with atmospheric air.
These two experiments, that in which some combustible substance (branches and leaves of trees) had been decomposed by water in the mud, and this where the decomposition had been produced by fire without blazing, showed that a species of air injurious to life when taken into the lungs, may be generated from substances which in themselves are harmless.
It is by means similar to these that charcoal, which is made by fire, without blazing emits a vapour destructive to life. I now come to apply these cases, and the reasoning deduced therefrom, to account for the cause of the yellow fever.
First, the yellow fever is not a disorder produced by the climate naturally, or it would always have been here in the hot months. The climate is the same now as it was 50 or an 100 year ago. There was no yellow fever then, and it is only within the last twelve years that such a disorder has been known in America.
Secondly, the low grounds on the shores of the rivers at the city, where the yellow fever is annually generated and continues there about three months without spreading, were not subject to that disorder in their natural state or the Indians would have forsaken them; whereas they were the parts most frequented by the Indians in all seasons of the year on account of fishery. The result from these cases is, that the yellow fever is produced by some new circumstance not natural to the country in its natural state, and the question is, what is that new circumstance?
It may be said, that every thing done by the white people since their settlement of the country, such as building towns, clearing lands, levelling hills and filling up valleys, is a new circumstance; but the yellow fever does not accompany any of those new circumstances. No alteration made on the dry land produces the yellow fever. We must therefore look to some other new circumstance, and we come now to those that have taken place between wet and dry, between land and water.
The shores of the river at New-York, and also at Philadelphia, have on account of the vast increase of commerce, and for the sake of making wharves, undergone great and rapid alterations from their natural state within a few years, and it is only in such parts of the shores where those alterations have taken place that the yellow fever is produced. The parts where little or no alteration have been made, either on the East or North river, and which continue in their natural state, or nearly so, do not produce the yellow fever. The fact therefore points to the cause.
Besides several new streets gained from the river by bankment there are upwards of eighty new wharves made since the war, and the much greater part within the last ten or twelve years; the consequence of which has been that great quantities of fish or combustible matter deposited in the muddy bottom of the river contiguous to the shore, and which produced no ill effect while exposed to the air and washed twice every twenty-four hours by the tide water, have been covered over several feet deep with new earth and shut up, and the tide excluded. It is in these places, and in these only, where the yellow fever is produced.
Having then shown from the circumstances of the case, that the cause of the yellow fever is in the place where it is produced, or rather in the pernicious vapour issuing therefrom, I go to show a method of constructing wharves, where wharves are yet to be constructed, as on the shore of the East river at Collier's Hook, and also on the North river, that will not generate the yellow fever, and which may also point out a method for removing it from places already infected with it. Instead then of embarking out the river, and raising solid wharves of earth on the mud bottom of the shore, the better method would be to construct wharves on arches built of stone. The tide will then flow under the arch, by which means the shore and the muddy bottom will be washed and kept clean as if they were in their natural state without wharves.
When wharves are constructed on the shore lengthways, that is, without cutting the shore up into slips, arches can be easily turned, because arches joining each other lengthways serve as buttresses to each other; but when the shore is cut into slips there can be no buttresses. In this case wharves can be formed on stone piers, or on wooden piles plankted over on the top. In either of those cases the space underneath will be a commodious shelter or harbor for small boats, which can go in and come out always, except at low water, and be secure from storms and injuries. This method besides preventing the causes of the yellow fever, which I think it will, will render the wharves more productive than the present method, because of the space preferred within the wharf.
I offer no calculation of the expence of constructing wharves on arches or piles; but on a general view, I believe they will not be so expensive as the present method. A very great part of the expence of making solid wharves of earth is occasioned by the carriage of materials, which will be greatly reduced by the methods here proposed, and still more so were the arches to be constructed of cast iron blocks. I suppose that one ton of cast iron blocks will go as far in the construction of an arch as twenty tons of stone.
If by constructing wharves in such manner that the tide water can wash the shore and bottom of the river contiguous to the shore, as they were washed in their natural condition, the yellow fever can be prevented from generating in places where wharves are yet to be constructed, it may point out a method of removing it, at least by degrees, from places already infected with it, which will be by opening the wharves in two or three places in each wharf, and letting the tide water pass through. The parts opened, can be planked over without preventing the use of the wharf.
In taking up and treating this subject I have considered it as belonging to natural philosophy rather than to medical art, and therefore I say nothing about the treatment of the disorder after it takes place. I leave that part to those whose profession it is to study it.
THOMAS PAINE.
By Authority.
LAWS OF THE UNITED STATES.
AN ACT
To suspend the sale of certain lands in the state of Ohio to the Indian territory.
Beit enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the operation of the sixth condition of the fifth section of the act, entitled "An act to amend the act entitled An act providing for the sale of
the lands of the United States, north west of Ohio, and above the mouth of Kentucky river," be, and the same is hereby suspended until the first day of October next, in favor of such purchasers of land under the said act, who shall exhibit satisfactory proof to the register, and receiver of public monies in the respective districts where they reside, that they were actual settlers on the lands so purchased at the time of passing this act.
NATHAL MACON, Speaker of the House of Representatives. S. SMITH, President of the Senate, Pro tempore. April 15, 1806. APPROVED, TH: JEFFERSON.
AN ACT
Making appropriations for the support of the military establishment of the U. S. for the year one thousand eight hundred and six.
Beit enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, That for defraying the expence of the military establishment of the U. S. for the year one thousand eight hundred and six; for the Indian department and for the expence of fortifications, arsenals, magazines and armories, the following sums be, and the same hereby are respectively appropriated; that is to say:
 For the pay of the army of the U. S. three hundred and twenty thousand five hundred and fifty-six dollars.  For forage, four thousand six hundred and eight dollars.  For the subsistence of the army and corps of engineers, two hundred and twenty four thousand, nine hundred and ninety four dollars five cents.  For clothing, eighty five thousand dollars.  For bounties and premiums, fifteen thousand dollars.  For the medical and hospital departments, twelve thousand dollars.  For camp equipage, fuel, tools and transportation, eighty five thousand dollars.  For fortifications, arsenals, magazines and armories, two hundred and eighteen thousand, five hundred and forty two dollars, five cents.  For purchasing maps, plans, books, and instruments, one thousand five hundred dollars.  For the contingent expenses of the war department, eighteen thousand dollars.  For the pay and subsistence of the commandants in Louisiana, five thousand and sixty dollars, sixty seven cents.  For the Indian department, nine y six thousand six hundred dollars. 
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That the several appropriations herein before made, shall be paid and discharged, first, out of any balance remaining unexpended of former appropriations for the support of the military establishment; and secondly, out of any monies in the treasury, not otherwise appropriated.
NATHAL MACON, Speaker of the House of Representatives. S. SMITH, President of the Senate Pro tempore. April 15, 1806. APPROVED, TH: JEFFERSON.
Sales at Auction.
On Tuesday the 8th inst. at the office of the subscribers, will be sold positively without reserve, for approved endorsed notes at sixty days, negotiable in the Bank of Virginia: 19 barrels, 7 tierces and 9 hds. Prime Brown Sugar, 10 hogheads St. Kitts Rum, 4 boxes fresh Imperial, and 2 do. Young Hyson Tea, 500 pieces first chop Yellow Nankeens. TAYLOR & BROWN, V. M's. July 1.
JAMES RIVER COMPANY.
At a meeting of the President and Directors of the James River Company, on the second day of July, 1806, RESOLVED, that a dividend of three and a half Per Cent. be made to the share-holders on their respective shares, for the six months ending the 30th of June last. Extract from the Minutes, ROBERT POLLARD, Clk. (Sc) July 4.
ALL Persons are cautioned against taking assignments of two BONDS given by me to William Salmons, junr. of Goochland County, for £ 250 each one payable on the 1st day of March next, the other on the 1st of March 1808, as I shall not discharge them until the said Salmons makes me a satisfactory title to a certain tract of Land, purchased of him, for which the said BONDS were given. WILLIAM BOLLING. (St) Goochland, July 4.
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD. STRAYED from the Common near York-Town on the 21st of June, a large Bay HORSE, up, wards of fifteen hands high; he has a small white spot in his forehead, his colour is a deep or blood bay, he has a switch tail. When the horse strayed away, he had a pair of shoes on his fore feet, no shoes on his hind feet. Whoever will secure the horse, so that he can be got by being sent for, shall receive the abovementioned reward. ROBERT NELSON, junr. York-Town, July 4.
FOR SALE—on the lowest terms: 2500 sacks of LIVERPOOL SALT, and 90 crates of LIVERPOOL EARTHEN WARE of superior quality & well assorted, just arrived in the ship Merchant, Captain JOHNSON, from Liverpool, at Bermuda Hundred—
Which ship will take in Tobacco to the address of JAMES MAURY, Esq. of Liverpool. She has excellent accommodations for passengers. For terms apply to Messrs. PICKETT, POLLARD & JOHNSON of Richmond, the Captain on board, or the subscriber, OVERTON ANDERSON. May 23.
TEN DOLLARS REWARD.
RAN away from the subscriber, on Thursday night the 18th inst. a negro man named LEWIS, he is about five feet nine or ten inches high, stout and well made, has a scar on one of his hands (I believe his right) occasioned by a burn when small; he wore a home-spun short coat and pantaloons dyed of a light olive colour, took with him a black broad cloth coat and vest, but I expect he will change his name and clothing, and attempt passing as a free man, and will attempt to make his escape to Norfolk by water. Masters of vessels and all others are forewarned from harbouring, employing, or taking him away at their peril. The above reward will be paid on delivering him to Joseph Traylor, jr. in Mandford, or the subscriber. ARCHER TRAYLOR, sen. N. B. I have understood that he was seen in the city of Richmond during the Broad Rock Races, dressed in black. I think it is probable he is still lurking about there. He has a pert walk, good countenance, very active and fond of waiting on gentlemen. A. T. Chesterfield, May 27.
TO BE RENTED—The Tenement where I now reside, and possession given in time. J. PENN. April 11.
MARSHAL'S SALE.
To be sold, for ready money, under a decree of the court of the United States, for the fifth circuit in the Virginia district, between Phileas Bond, attorney for the creditors of Ezekiel Edwards, plaintiff, and David Ross and others, defendants, in order to raise the sum of 11,450 dols. 94 cts. due and payable on the 1st Jan. last, that valuable and well known estate in the county of Botetourt, called
FORT LEWIS,
situated by the said Ross to contain 2608 acres.
THE sale will take place on the premises on Monday the 14th day of July next. This estate having been before advertised and the sale postponed, it is deemed necessary to apprise the public, that though the sales formerly announced were postponed, on account of payments received from the defendant Ross, the sale last advertised would have taken place but for a mistake in the advertisement. The subscriber has no reason to suppose that the one now advertised will not take place, and if, contrary to his expectation, it should again be put off, the earliest public notice will be given, that those who are disposed to become purchasers, may not be put to any unnecessary trouble.
BENJAMIN MOSBY, D. M. for JOSEPH SCOTT, M. V. D. May 30
NOTICE.
MR. Alexander Dunlap, the surviving partner of the late concern of James and Alexander Dunlap, of this city, having conveyed to the subscribers in trust, all the remaining stock in hand, with the debts, books and accounts of the said firm, for the benefit of their creditors named in a deed, executed to us on the 19th day of May, 1806, it becomes necessary that all those who are indebted to the said firm, should without delay, adjust and pay up their respective balances. Those of the creditors, whose accounts are open, are likewise solicited to liquidate the same with the trustees. The books, accounts and papers are in the hands of William Long and Henry Hovey, who will attend to the applications of any party interested as above.
On the 8th day of July next, ensuing, at Messrs. Taylor and Brown's Vendue Office, the subscribers will offer for sale at public auction, to the highest bidder, upon a credit of 60 days, for approved negotiable notes at the Bank of Virginia, three LOTS, No. 330, No. 4 and 8, in tenement two hundred and ninety of Duvall's plan, subject to Mrs. Dunlap's right of dower—Also two valuable Mules, a Horse and a Cart.
At the same time and place, they will dispose of the remaining stock of GOODS, consisting of a variety of Catings, and sundry merchandise, part of their late stock in trade. For all sums of 50 dollars or upwards, a credit as above will be allowed, and for all sums under, ready money.
WM. LONG, H. HOVEY, SAML. MCRAW. } Trustees. Richmond, June 27. idr.
JUST RECEIVED, FROM BORDEAUX:
A Large assortment of Claret Wine, of different qualities; Champagne, Mousseux, White Saturn, Vin de Grave Burgundy, Lafitte, Muscat of Frontignan, old Medoc of different qualities, fresh Anchoies, fresh Olives, Capers, and superfine Sweet Oil.—For sale on reasonable terms by
ALEXANDER PLAINVILLE. June 27.
MANCHESTER TURNPIKE COMPANY.
SALE OF SHARES. NOTICE is hereby given, that all shares upon which the tenth requisition shall remain unpaid, will be offered for sale at Mr. Brooks's tavern, on Saturday the 19th of July next. The sale to commence at 12 o'clock in the forenoon.
GENERAL MEETING. As a sufficient number of members, to constitute a meeting, did not attend on Saturday the 13th current; I am therefore authorised to give notice that a meeting of the company will be held at Mr. Brooks's tavern, on Saturday the 19th of July next, when it is expected, members will be punctual in their attendance, which business of importance to the interest of the company particularly requires. JAMES BRANDER, Clk. Manchester, June 20, 1806.
CHINA AND GLASS.
THE subscriber has lately received from Philadelphia, a handsome assortment of China and Glass, viz. full sets of dining china, and china glazed Liverpool ware; complete and broken sets tea china, well assorted, among which are some uncommonly handsome, china bowls. English and German glass, cut and plain, consisting of fruit baskets and stands, sugar dishes, jelly glasses and salis, handsomely cut; decanters, wine, tumblers, goblets and cans, cut and plain, and a handsome assortment of chimney ornaments. He also keeps, as usual, a general assortment of Liverpool ware and groceries, of all kinds for retailing; and has at present, port wine and claret by the bbl. box, or doz. Double and single distilled whiskies, cut herrings, bread and tarr by the barrel, porter and ale as usual. DANIEL TRIPLETT. June 24. (Adv.)
LANDS IN CUMBERLAND FOR SALE.
BY virtue of a Deed of Trust, bearing date the 11th April, 1801, recorded in Cumberland Court-Office, to me executed by James Deane, Francis B. Deane, and Thomas M. Deane, to secure a certain sum of money, due by them to Joseph Gallego—I will offer for sale, to the highest bidder, on the 26th day of May next, at Cumberland Court, TWO TRACTS OF LAND, being part of the property, thereby conveyed, viz. One Tract containing one hundred and thirty-seven acres, more or less, situate in the county of Cumberland, six miles above the Court House, being a tract purchased by the said Deanes, from Parson Clopton, as will appear by reference to the deed of sale on record, in the said County Court. One Tract containing two hundred and five acres, more or less, situate in Cumberland, on the south side of the road, leading to the Court House, one mile distant below the same, bounded by lands of William Beverly Langhorne, and by lands of John Ford.
The first of the above Tracts, is said to contain prime tobacco land, and valuable timber; the other is nearly half cleared. N. B. By the consent of all parties interested, the sale will take place on the 26th day of May next, as above stated, and the terms of payment will be one and two years credit, the purchasers to give bonds bearing interest and approved security. M. B. POITIAUX. April 15. tdf.
N. B. The sale of the above property is postponed to the 28th day of July next. M. B. P.
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD.
RAN away from the subscriber, a Negro LAD about 22 years of age, about 5 feet ten inches high, with very thick lips, and very black; had on a checked Virginia cloth short coat and waistcoat, his pantaloons of plain purple, the same manufature. Any person who will deliver the said lad to me in Powhatan, shall receive the above reward. ISHAM RANDOLPH. His name is AMPEY; he is accustomed to horses and serving in the house. April 11.
NOTICE.
THE partnership of John Butler & Co. at Cartersville, is this day dissolved by mutual consent. The collection of all debts due to that concern, is committed entirely to William M'Kenzie the acting partner of William M'Kenzie & Co. and to him alone or to any one he may appoint is payment to be made. JOHN BUTLER. Wm. M'KENZIE & Co.
All persons indebted to the late concern of John Butler & Co. are requested to make payments to Mr. Robert Atkin, as he alone I have authorised to grant discharges for same. Wm. M'KENZIE. April 10.
FOR SALE,
TWO tracts of LAND, lying in the County of Fluvanna, one of them lying on Hardaway river, and within one & an half miles of James river, containing 385 acres, one on Caries creek, and within one mile of the north fork of James river, containing 364 acres. A further description is deemed unnecessary as it is presumed that no person will purchase without viewing the same, which will be shown by the subscriber living in Albemarle. WILLIAM MOON. June 20. (epSt.)
THOMAS RUTHERFORD & Co.
Are desirous to sell: A Few Boxes 4-4 and 7-8 18th Licencs, 30 Crates Queens Ware, and a quantity of Liverpool Salt loof and in cases, just received on consignment by the ship Herald from Dublin and Liverpool. May 27. e8Sm.
ALL persons having claims against the estate of John Hoomes, dec'd. of the Bowling Green, are requested to make them known, that And those indebted must make immediate payment to JOHN HOOMES, and JOHN G. WOOLFOLK, Executors of John Hoomes, dec'd. Jan. 28. tf
STAUNTON STAGE.
THE Subscriber respectfully informs the public, his STAGES will regularly, during the season of the Springs, leave the Bell-Tavern in this city, on Tuesday's at 5 o'clock in the evening; & on each Saturday at the hour of 10 o'clock in the morning, and will arrive at Capt. Edmonson's Tavern in the Town of Staunton; where passengers, going on to the Springs, may be furnished, at all times, with Hackney Coaches, and other private conveyances, from thence. Much pains and expence has been taken by the proprietor in the selection of good horses, carriages and careful drivers—and confidently assures the public, he is in possession of as good as any in this line. RICHARD TERRELL. May 23. tf
NOTICE.
ALL persons having claims against the estate of Robert Biscoe, dec'd. late of Powhatan county, are requested to bring forward the same properly authenticated, and receive payment—and those indebted to the estate, are desired to make immediate payment to HENRY L. BISCOE. Administrator. July 1. (4w)
THE subscriber has removed his Broker's Office to the middle tenement, in Doctor Terman's new building, the first door above Messrs. Pickett, Pollard and Johnston, and the second below the Post Office; where he will attend particularly to all business confided to him. THOMAS NORVELL. For sale, 10 SHARES in the JAMES RIVER COMPANY. June 6. (tf)
TO BE RENTED,
THE large THREE STORY HOUSE on the Main-Street east of the Market, formerly occupied by Cohen and Isaac, and lately by Capt. John S. Pleasants; it is a good stand for business and suitable for the accommodation of a large family. Also, the HOUSE (formerly known by the sign of the third in hand) at the corner of the street leading to church hill: to both of these tenements gardens are attached. The terms will be moderate, and made known on application to James Whitelaw, Sergeant of the City, or to JACOB I. COHEN. February 23. (law tf)
JOHN ALCOCK,
INFORMS the Citizens of Richmond, and the public, he has just received at his Cabinet Manufactory near the Fire Insurance Office; a large assortment of Windsor Chairs and Settees, made in the newest fashion and by the best workmen in the state; any gentleman wishing to buy, will please send their orders or call at his Cabinet Manufactory, where they may get good warranted work, and on low terms, either in the Cabinet line or Windsor Chairs. June 6. tf.
JUST PUBLISHED,
By David Longworth, New-York, and for sale at the Enquirer Book-Store, THE ADVENTURES OF TELEMACUS, son of ULYSSES; from the French of FENELON, by the celebrated John HAMBLESFOORTH, L. L. D. corrected and revised by G. Gregory, with a life of the author, and a complete index Historical and Geographical; embellished with engravings. Also—HUTCHINSON'S XENOPOH, HERMAN & DOROTHEA, &c. &c. &c. tf.
LAND FOR SALE.
On the second Tuesday in July next, will be offered for sale, at public Auction, at Bath Court House (Warm Springs):
A TRACT OF LAND, containing 340 acres, lying between the Warm and Hot Springs, but nearer to the latter; the land is of good quality, and may be so divided as to accommodate several families who might desire a residence contiguous to those valuable waters. One fourth of the purchase money will be expected on the delivery of the deed; the balance in two equal annual instalments, to carry interest from the date, if not punctually paid, and to be secured by a deed of trust upon the property. JOHN ADAMS, Attorney in fact, for the distributees of R. Adams. June 6. (oawtdwtf