The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1804-05-12 00:00:00

THE ENQUIRER.
Richmond, (Virginia) Published by RITCHIE & WORSLEY, opposite the Post-Office....At FOUR DOLLARS per annum, payable in advance.
NUMBER 2.]
SATURDAY MORNING, MAY 12, 1804.
[VOLUME 1.]
TERMS OF THE ENQUIRER.
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S P E E C H, ON THE ANNIVERSARY OF MR. JEFFERSON'S ELECTION, DELIVERED ON THE FIFTH OF MARCH.
[CONCLUDED.]
THE most superficial attention to the internal structure and external situation of society, in the United States, must convince every impartial mind of the impracticability of reviving in this country any system of oligarchy or permanent oppression. Instead of being pent within a narrow territory, and environed by populous, opulent and martial states, our people are thinly scattered over an immense and fruitful soil. The ignorant, defenceless and resourceless savages, that wander over the extensive regions, beyond our frontier, hold their possessions and their very existence on the tenure of our will; they may be displaced, exterminated or civilized as our ambition, our exigencies, or our philanthropy shall dictate; those abominable monopolies that prevent the acquisition, violate the security, and pervert the employment of property, talent and leisure are here abolished. The cheapness, fertility and abundance of land; the intelligence, spirit and independence of our people, combine to render their revival impracticable. A proposal to rebuild the tower of Babel would not be more chimerical, than an attempt to revive in America a system of political, territorial, or commercial monopoly. The progressive subdivision of property by succession, alienation and marriage; the facility of acquiring landed property, and the complete security & freedom annexed to the possession and employment of every sort of property, necessarily create, support and diffuse a great degree of personal independence. The extensive exercise and inassailable security of the elective franchise, the safeguard of every social right, and the only existing foundation of rational and practical liberty, give a value and lustre to personal independence, produce a deference for the general will, and an habitual respect on the part of every individual for the rights of every other.
In almost every other country, a vast majority of the inhabitants are robbed directly or indirectly of personal liberty: directly as in Poland, Hungary and Russia, where like brutes or inanimate matter they are attached to the soil, or indirectly, as in commercial and manufacturing countries, where they draw their subsistence from the production and sale of useless and pernicious luxuries, whose price is continually varying, according to the arbitrary will, capricious fancy and fluctuating fashions of voluptuaries, monopolists and despots, and where the scanty, unwholesome and precarious subsistence, by which they support their lives, can only be obtained by adopting pursuits that menace their bodies with premature decrepitude, their decrepitude with hopeless destitution, and their destitution with the melancholy prospect of seeing their misery renewed and aggravated in the lives of their children. In almost every other country, even in such as are least scourged by oppression, land, the grand material of industry and source of subsistence, is engrossed by a small number of individuals, who exact from the cultivator a rent that dooms him to insuperable indigence, and abject ignorance. Even in those countries where an incensed multitude make a revolution, subvert oppressive governments, and abolish iniquitous laws, liberty, property, and even life itself, become for some time more precarious than ever, from the ambition, revenge and avarice of infuriated factions. "Criminals usurp the place of Judges and become the oracles of those laws on which they have trampled. Men ruined by extravagance and debauchery, insult by an overbearing pomp those whom they have deprived of their patrimony. The passions suddenly unshackled from all the restraints which law, justice and reason impose, reign triumphant. Avarice seeks to grow rich without trouble, vengeance to gratify its resentment without fear, licentiousness to throw off every restraint, and discontent to subvert the whole order of things. From the phrensy of carnage, they pass to the phrensy of debauchery. The sacred bed of innocence and the nuptial couch are polluted by blood, murder & brutal violation. The fury of the multitude amuses itself with destroying every thing it cannot enjoy, and thus in a few moments perish the monuments of many centuries. If lassitude or accident should suspend these calamities, the habit of wickedness, murder and contempt of laws, which necessarily subsists after so many storms, is a leaven ever ready to ferment. Ambitious generals without command, licentious soldiers without pay, a people fond of novelty, from the hope of bettering their condition: this situation of things, these means of confusion, arm the hundred hands of faction with the firebrands of discord, & pave the way for the re-establishment of despotism." The American people enjoy an inestimable immunity from the abuses of hoary and inveterate oppression, & the horrors of revolutionary retaliation. In addition to those car-
dinal blessings, we behold "in the full tide of successful experiment," a government organized and administered according to the general will of the people. We behold the administration of government confided by the suffrages of a sovereign people, to men whose talents, services and virtues entitle them to their exalted stations; to men who unite to the most extensive experience in public affairs, that profoundness of research, accuracy of information and impartiality of decision, which are the offspring of talents cultivated by liberal education, and leisure devoted to study and reflection, and that purity of sentiment and refinement of manners, which constitute the surest indication, the fairest ornament, and the firmest safeguard of pure and incorruptible virtue. In other countries and former ages, it has been the fate of genius to bloom "unseen" in the shade of obscurity, and "waste its sweetness on the desert air." It was reserved for the American people to abolish the absurd usurpations of birth, wealth, chance, imposture and force, and enable superior talents to occupy that space in public estimation, and that rank in political institutions where genius can indulge a genuine enthusiasm, and display an expanded and commanding energy. The circumstances under which the persons who now administer our government were called to occupy their exalted stations afford an additional security, that they will not abuse the sacred trust which has been reposed in them. They act under the eye of a people recently emancipated from oppression, and roused from the supineness into which they had been betrayed, by a still more recent attempt to organize an oligarchy on the ruins of republicanism. Under the eye of a people enlightened by the discussions and warned by the evils which that attempt produced, they are bound by every obligation which self-love, patriotism or justice can impose, to preserve unimpaired the liberties and to promote by every effort in their power, the happiness of the nation, which has so emphatically manifested its assent in their virtue, & veneration for their talents. But the acts of the present administration constitute its best panegyric. The unparalleled success of its measures, which even its enemies are compelled to acknowledge, cannot fail to seal the quivering lip and palsied tongue of calumny in eternal silence. Are we not free? Are we not at peace? Is not concord restored to our counsels, and tranquillity to our families? Are not the discontents and tumults, that embroiled not only our cities but even every rural district and every humble hamlet, assuaged? Is not the standing army disbanded? Are not "its swords converted into plough-shares, its spears into pruning-hooks?" Is not the sedition act indignantly repealed, and the Press declared to be free as the air we breathe and "incorruptible as the faculties of the mind?" Are not the violated rights of the alien restored, and the arms of our country affectionately extended to receive the victims of oppression and the
persecuted votaries of freedom from every quarter of the world? Is not personal liberty protected, and industry liberated from every unnecessary burthen? Is not every department of the federal government, except the judicial, that last citadel of exploded privilege and expiring aristocracy, enriched by the purest virtue and adorned by the brightest talents which our country can furnish? Does the sun in his diurnal course behold a nation so free, prosperous, respectable and happy? To crown all—is not Louisiana ours? Is not the navigation of the boundless waters of the Mississippi secured to us through all succeeding time?—Have not our western brethren obtained it, without shedding a drop of blood, experiencing even a momentary struggle or burthen, without even the ordinary prostration & difficulties that accompany diplomatic negotiations, have they not obtained what alone was wanting to secure their prosperity, ready access to every foreign market, and an easy empire over whatever can contribute to their civilization and improvement, in exchange for the rich products of their industry?—Is not another section of the New World, of unlimited extent and inexhaustible fertility, redeemed from the wandering savage and the destroying despot, and added to the empire of a sovereign and enlightened people?  "Hark, a glad voice its lonely deserts cheers, "Prepare the way!" fair Liberty appears; Glad acclamations rend the western sky; The stage & savage land approaching nigh."  And is there an American who can contemplate this auspicious situation of our affairs, this pure and virtuous administration of our government, the envy, wonder and delight of every foreign nation, without feeling his heart swell with gratitude, veneration and affection towards the dispensers of these unexampled blessings? Is there an "American in heart and sentiment" who does not wish that Jefferson may continue at the helm of that government which he so gloriously guides, until, "full of years and full of honour" amidst the tears of an afflicted people, the shades of death shall hide him from our view, until he shall go to the land where Columbus, and Franklin and Priestley have gone?
BY AUTHORITY.
[LAWS OF THE UNITED STATES.]
AN ACT
Making an appropriation for carrying into effect the 7th article of the treaty of amity, commerce and navigation, between the United States and his Britannic majesty.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, That a sum not exceeding fifty thousand dollars, to be paid out of any monies in the treasury not otherwise appropriated, be, and the same hereby is, appropriated for the purpose of carrying into effect the seventh article of the treaty, concluded at London, on the nineteenth day of November, seventeen hundred and ninety-four, between the United States of America and his Britannic majesty.
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That the accounting officers of the treasury be, & they are hereby, authorized, to allow an interest not exceeding the rate of six per centum per annum, on one third part of the amount of any award made in pursuance of the aforesaid article, and presented at the treasury, previous to the passing of this act, to be calculated from the time when such award shall have been presented.
NATHL. MACON, Speaker of the House of Representatives.
JOHN BROWN, President of the Senate pro tempore.
November 16, 1803. APPROVED, TH: JEFFERSON.
AN ACT
To repeal the act, entitled, "An act to allow a drawback of duties on goods exported to New-Orleans, and therein to amend the act, entitled, "An act to regulate the collection of duties on imports and tonnage."
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the act passed on the fifth day of April, one thousand eight hundred, intitled, "An act to allow a drawback of duties on goods exported to New-Orleans, and therein to amend the act, intitled, "An act to regulate the collection of duties on imports and tonnage," be, and the same hereby is repealed.
NATHL. MACON, Speaker of the House of Representatives.
JOHN BROWN, President of the Senate pro tempore.
November 25th, 1803. APPROVED, TH: JEFFERSON.
AN ACT
To repeal an act entitled, "An act to establish an uniform system of Bankruptcy throughout the United States."
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the act of Congress passed on the fourth day of April 1800, entitled, "An act to establish an uniform system of Bankruptcy throughout the United States," shall be and the same is hereby repealed: Provided nevertheless, that the repeal of the said act shall in no wise affect the execution of any commission of bankruptcy which may have been issued prior to the passing of this act, but every such commission may and shall be proceeded on and fully executed as though this act had not passed.
NATHL. MACON, Speaker of the House of Representatives.
A. BURR, Vice President of the United States, and President of the Senate.
December 19, 1803. APPROVED, TH: JEFFERSON.
AN ACT,
For the relief of John Coles.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the proper accounting officers liquidate and adjust the claim of John Coles, owner of the ship Grand Turk, heretofore employed in the service of the United States, for the detention of the said ship at Gibraltar, by direction of the American Consul at that port, from the tenth day of May to the fourth day of July, one thousand eight hundred and one, inclusive; and that he be allowed demurrage at the rate stipulated in the charter party, together with the interest thereon.
NATHL. MACON, Speaker of the House of Representatives.
A. BURR, Vice President of the United States, and President of the Senate.
January 14, 1804. APPROVED, TH: JEFFERSON.
AN ACT
For the relief of Paul Coulon.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That there be paid to Paul Coulon, as agent for the captors of the ship Betty Cathcart, and brig Aaron, prizes to the French privateer La Bellone, out of any monies in the treasury not otherwise appropriated, the sum of six thousand two hundred and forty-one dollars, and forty four cents, being the amount retained by the Treasury Department from the files of the ship Betty Cathcart, for duties on the cargo of the brig Aaron.
NATHL. MACON, Speaker of the House of Representatives.
JOHN BROWN, President of the Senate pro tempore.
January 26, 1804. APPROVED, TH: JEFFERSON.
Spring Goods.
WILLIAM TEMPLE.
HAS just received by the ship Rebecca, from London, and Yorkshire from Liverpool,
AN ASSORTMENT OF
GOODS,
Suitable to the season, which he will dispose of on the usual terms.
Richmond, May 9th. (1.)
Printing,
IN ALL ITS VARIETY, EXECUTED
AT THE
OFFICE OF THE ENQUIRER,
WITH NEATNESS, ELEGANCE, AND THE
GREATEST DISPATCH.

Foreign Intelligence.
EGYPT.
CONSTANTINOPLE, Feb. 15.
While the capital of Egypt was agitated by continual commotions the city and port of Alexandria enjoyed the greatest tranquility. This happy state of things ceased to exist about the 8th of July last, the period of the arrival of Ali Pacha, en- voy of the Ottoman Porte, with the title of Viceroy of all Egypt. The excesses to which Ali Pacha & his satellites proceeded excited the complaints of the agents of the for- eign powers. Explanations took place, & the result was an accommodation, in which redress of all grievances was stipulated. In consequence of this event, the French Sub- Commissioner, and other Frenchmen resi- dent there, as well as the other agents who had retired on board the Ottoman fleet, returned to land, where they were received in a very distinguished manner, after being saluted on quitting the fleet with 17 guns.
We are informed also, by letters from Cairo that the Mamelukes exercise great oppression in collecting the taxes due to the Adllance. The inhabitants are afraid of being plundered and massacred in their houses; and as the waters of the Nile have not risen to the usual height, that capital is threatened with a famine. Disturbance prevails among the Mamelukes themselves who are continually imposing contributions: the French have been exempted, Osman Bey possesses all the authority: the English have given him valuable pre- sents, and they have also promised him as- sistance from India.
GERMANY.
FRANKFORT, Feb. 26.
Letters from Vienna announce that Pas- tawan Oglou is at present engaged in re- cruiting his army and that 300 men of the garrison of Belgrade have deserted to him.
ILLUMINATISM.
Secret societies are in Germany a hydra incessantly regenerating. No sooner is one head of the monster severed, by the sup- pression of one association, than we are at- tonished to find that it ceased to exist but a moment. The ties which unite these dif- ferent bodies which are of an immense ex- tent are no sooner broken than renewed. These different sects, the offspring of Illumi- natism, are very much multiplied, & are, perhaps, on that account, less dangerous. Their numbers must necessarily prevent a union of opinion & intention; & their power, which is owing to their secrecy, disappears the moment when their mysteries become ge- nerally known. Mutual jealousy must like- wise materially impede their plans; and it appears that the best expedient to destroy the trunk, planted by the famous Weis- haupt is to encourage the multiplication of its branches. Sometimes, it happens how- ever in these countries, that these societies become sufficiently consolidated to alarm the government. Such was the case not long since in Sweden; where the King was obliged to adopt rigorous measures against Belsheim and his numerous proselytes. The same thing happened at Stuttgart, where the Elector of Wirtemberg has sup- pressed the school of industry , a secret associ- ation, which endeavoured to obtain the management of the Interior Police .
FRANCE.
CONSPIRACY.
Extract of a letter dated Paris Feb. 23.
Before this can reach you, you will have heard of the plot to assassinate the First Consul, and of the different persons that have been arrested, among which Morgan and Pichegru are the most distinguished. The discovery of the plot, as related to me some time since, is curious; therefore, I will relate it to you, though I am not fond of meddling with politics, or any of the af- fairs of government.
The police of this country, you know, is very exact, especially in time of war. A number of suspicious characters were, from time to time, lately arrested. After interro- gating them, and nothing criminal appear- ing against some fifteen or sixteen persons, the Grand Judge gave the list to the First Consul and proposed to liberate them. The First Consul desired the Judge to call the next morning for his answer. On looking over the names, and reflecting on the re- port, strong suspicion arose in the mind of Bonaparte, and, when the Grand Judge called in the morning for the answer, he ex- pressed doubts of their innocence. He again looked over the list, and marked the names of six persons whom he desired to be put on their trial. Out of these six, three were condemned by the tribunal, to be shot. On the morning of the day of execution, one of these three desired to be heard, and he would make useful discoveries. This was regarded only as a feint to prolong his life for a day, and accordingly refused. He urged that a letter might be delivered from him to the Governor of Paris, which was consented to; and in consequence of this letter the execution of this man was direct- ed to be delayed until further orders.—The other two were shot.
The Governor showed this letter to the First Consul, who directed, that the man should be heard, and, if his discovery should be worth attending to, his execution delayed for a further time; otherwise, that it should take place the next day. The con- fessions of this convict led to the discovery of the whole plot, and probably have saved the life of the Consul. It would be too te- dious to detail the many plans which ap- pear to have been laid. Georges, it is certain, had lodged at the Palace, and in the chamber of wood-carrier, had been twice
in the apartment of Bonaparte. He informed, that a frigate would appear off such a place, and if such signals were made they would be answered by such as would inform whether they had other twenty conspirators aboard, and other to inform whether they on would land them or not. The signals were made and answered, that they would land as soon as the weather would permit, and probably they are taken before this. Georges has not yet been taken, but he cannot escape. There are, it is said, about fifty others in and about Paris; so, you see, the plot has been very extensive. Should the trial of Moreau and Pichegru be published, I will send you a copy by the first vessel for New-York or Philadelphia. I saw but lit- tle chance for peace before this; at present I see none; but such attempts naturally tend to destroy them. Perhaps, however, there may be one chance for peace: reports are that the King of England is again at- tacked with insanity, and it is also said that he is dead: if so, the Prince of Wales, on coming to the throne, may make overtures for peace, and throw off the present minis- ters, otherwise, calculate for a war as long as England can support it.
[Phil. Gaz.]
LEGISLATIVE BODY.
Sitting of the 9th Vent se, (February 29th.)
This day the legislative body were occu- pied with a discussion of those laws which related to the concealment of Georges, and the sixty brigands, his accomplices. The tribune Simone was the orator, and the fol- lowing is the substance of his remarks.
For many days, the citizens have trem- bled: they have heard of plots against the life of the chief of the Republic, who is the glory of his country, and the security of his fellow citizens: While criminality was reposing in its dark asylum, maturing the plan of assassination!
That providence which guided him so re- markably, through the sand of the desert; which restored him to France, by leading him through the mazes of the enemy's fleet, which shielded him from the explosion of the 2d Nivose, will continue to defend him in new dangers.
Doubts have been formed as to the hor- rid pursuits of these assassins which England has vomited upon our shores; by some evil wishes towards the state, & by others from a virtuous unwillingness to believe that their fellow men, could be so infernal; but the accomplices of Georges speak, and conviction destroys those doubts. A man was arrested yesterday, in the heart of Pa- ris, (Pichegru) who, according to the as- sertions of some persons, was now living in London. It is wonderful that such a man should have become an accomplice in the perfidious councils of that city, much more, that he should become a perpetrator in that perfidy.
Then the orator dwelt upon the wicked- ness of those who concealed the conspira- tors, to menace the peace of society and aid them in the furtherance of new crimes.
He then declared that although the tem- porary exigencies of the government, requi- red measures of resistance against foreigners, that the right of asylum was not contem- plated to be denied to proscripted innocence or the unfortunate foreigner—nor were do- mestic visits ordained—The houses of the resident citizens should be respected, nor should the rights of misfortune, of senti- ment, or of pity be extinguished—The in- quiry would only extend to those who ha- bored a rebel; the sanguinary Georges and his 60 associated murderers.
The poignard of the assassin is thrown in the midst of the assembly of us Frenchmen, accustomed to cover even a naked enemy from destruction; and cowardly villains armed against our deliverer, our hero, have found an asylum among us!
Simon continued to defend the proposed law, and finished his speech, by congrat- ulating the nation, that to so small a portion of the people, had given aid to the con- spiracy—human nature, in the extreme of its corruption produces but few such mon- sters—Frenchmen knew and felt, that the majesty of the laws, confers that the su- preme magistrate, sublimary image of divi- nity, and regard those, who lift the princi- dal hand against him, as impious and horri- ble.
The law was put to the vote, and it pas- sed unanimously.
ENGLAND.
INVASION.
SUBMARINE BOATS.
"The French who despair of being able to shew their canvas on the surface of the ocean, are reported to be sedulously employ- ed in the construction of vessels for sailing under it. We are assured that six subma- rine boats have been built at Paris, and ar- rived at Hanover, each competent to hold 20 persons, and supplied with machinery, which on being attached to the bottom of a ship, will either sink or blow her up.
The Principle of these vessels is not new; the great lord Napier, the marquis Worces- ter, and others, more than a century ago, made various experiments. One of them, constructed for James I. by Debell, was tried on the Thames. A Mr. Day, about 50 years since, made a successful experiment, but repeating it at Plymouth, was unfortu- nately drowned.
During the American war, some of these submarine boats were built by Dr. Bush- nell, of Connecticut, who affirms that one of his operators actually brought his boat un- der a British 50 gun ship, lying near N. York; but the screw (for attaching to the ship's bottom the magazine containing 150 lbs. of powder, to be fired with clock work, which would go 12 hours if necessary) happened to strike upon iron, and the man in moving the apparatus, lost the ship. Mr. Bushnell further states, that in 1777, he made an at- tempt on the Cerberus frigate lying at an- chor near New-London; the frigate escap- ed, but his machine, which was conducted
by a line, without any person on board, exploded, and totally demolished a Schooner, which was concealed from his view by the frigate, and received the shock intended for the latter.—In the same year he destroyed a boat by this invisible agen- cy.
M. St. Aubin, a member of the tribunal, some months since published at Paris, an account of a diving-boat, invented by an American named Fulton; in this at Havre, the inventor remained an hour under water, made half a league of way in that time, the boat moving horizontally at various depths, and the compass traversing as on the sur- face. In another experiment at Breft, Mr. F. blew up a lighter by a machine attach- ed to his boat—this boat when above wa- ter, is rigged with two sails, and has the ap- pearance of a common boat.
The boats lately built at Paris are report- ed to be formed on the same model, capable of resisting any pressure of water, and of con- taining provisions, &c. and also air for the crew for six or eight hours."
In the debate in the British House of Com- mons on the 15th of March last, on the subject of the naval defence of the country , after the lengthy speeches of Messrs. Pitt, Tierney & Admiral Berkeley—Sir Edward Pellew observed, "As I very seldom trouble the house, I hope I may be per- mitted to make a few observations on a subject of which, from the professional ex- perience I have had, I may be presumed to have some knowledge. From the debate of this night, there is one piece of informa- tion I have acquired, that the French have got upwards of a thousand vessels at Bou- logne. I am glad to find that they are shut up there; we have one advantage in it— we know where they are—I with we had any means of knowing when they intend to come out. I know this much, however, that they cannot all get out in one day, or in one night either; and when they do come out I trust that our cockleshells a- lone, as Hon. Admiral has called a very ma- neuvrable and very active part of our force, will be able to give a good account of them. Sir, I do not really see, in the arrangement of our naval defence, any thing to excite the apprehensions of even the most timid among us; on the contrary, I see every thing that may be expected from activity and perseverance, to inspire us with confi- dence. I see a triple naval bulwark, com- posed of one fleet acting on the enemy's coast, another, consisting of heavier ships, stationed in the Downs, ready to act at a moment's notice, and a third close to the beach, capable of destroying any part of the enemy's flotilla that should es- cape the vigilance of the other two branches of our defence. I beg pardon for trou- bling the House, ( An universal cry of Hear! Hear! ) but accident brought me here, & I intend that my stay should be as short as possible—( A great laugh. )
In respect to what has been said of build- ing ships by contract, I must confess that I do not much admire that mode of keeping up our navy. I have seen some of them, I particularly allude to the Ajas and Achilles , that stock for Frenchmen. As to gun boats, they are the most contemptible force that can be employed: gun-brigs, indeed, are of some use; but between a gun-brig and a gun-boat there is almost as much dif- ference as between a ship of the line and a frigate. I have lately seen half a dozen of them lying wrecked upon the rocks. As to the possibility of the enemy being able, in a narrow sea to pass through blockading and protecting squadrons, with all that se- crecy and dexterity, and by those hidden means that some worth people expect, I really, from any thing that I have seen in the course of my professional experience, am not much disposed to concur in it. I know, Sir, and can assert with confidence, that our navy was never better supplied, and that our men were never better fed or better clothed. Have we not all the ene- my's ports blockaded, from Toulon to Flushing? Are we not able to cope, any where, with any force the enemy dare to send out against us? And do we not even out number them at every one of those ports we have blockaded? It would smack a little of egotism, I fear, were I to speak of myself ( Hear! Hear! ) : but as a person lately having the command of six ships, I may be allowed to state to the House how I have been supported in that command.—Sir, during the time I was sta- tioned off Ferrol, I had ships passing from the fleet to me every three weeks or a month—and so much was the French commander shut up in that port, deceived by these appearances, that he was persuaded, and I believe is to this very hour, that I had twelve ships under my command; and that I had two squadrons to relieve each other, one of six inside, and another of six outside.
Messrs. Wilberforce, Fox and others followed—when the question on Mr. Pitt's motion for an official statement of the naval force, and the distribution of the services was lost—139 to 201.
The situation of the British seamen in the American service, says a London paper, is peculiarly hard, and demands the interfe- rence of government. Most of the Ameri- can frigates on this station, have nearly half their compliment of English seamen, who entered that service during the peace: on the accounts of the war reaching this, four of them got away from the American com- modore's ship in the bay, and entered on board our men of war; and, at the same time, brought a memorial signed by up- wards of fifty of the other British seamen on board, requesting they might also be al- lowed to serve their country on board our ships of war lying here, they having en- tered the American service during the peace. The American commodore, how- ever, positively refused to give a man of them up, it was not thought advisable to have recourse to force for that purpose, so that a great number of our best seamen are
now serving a foreign power against their inclination, at a moment their own country so much wants their services.
Domestic Intelligence.
NEW-YORK, May 2.
The sloop Julia , Somes, failed from Gloucester for Jacquemel on the 14th Dec. last. On the 3d of January near Cape Ja- quemel, was bro't too by a French Privateer, from which several muskets were fired. The Frenchman sent a boat on board the Julia , and took possession of her, and the sent capt. S. and the whole of the crew (4 men) on board the privateer. The capt. of the cruiser took all the sloop's papers from her commander, told him his vessel was a good prize, and should be sent to the city of St. Domingo. The privateermen immediately proceeded to plunder the Julia , of cheese, butter, candles, soap, &c. Capt. S. was returned on board his vessel, where he found six men and a boy having charge of her; who soon afterwards made sail with the vessel on their way to St. Do- mingo; and in a few hours separated from the privateer. On the 9th January at 4 P. M. the sloop was anchored under a battery upon the coast of the Spanish part of Hispaniola.—While in this situation the prize-master ordered the boat out, and all the dry goods, with a quantity of soap, cheese, butter, &c. and the clothes of the American seamen. (capt. S. had been pre- viously robbed of his clothes which had been taken on board the privateer,) to be put into her and carried on shore, which was done. At 6 the boat returned and brought a keg of rum, and then sail was made again for St. Domingo. On the 10th of Jan. at 4 P. M. the ship was again an- chored, and the privateermen then drank immoderately of rum, and were soon after- wards drunk, and fell a sleep.
Capt. Somes judged that there was a chance of retaking the vessel. He accordingly proceeded to tie the Frenchmen; which he did without awakening them, ex- cept the last, a negro, who started and seized capt. S. but was silenced with the pump handle. They were all put into the boat, and sent adrift, the boy being previ- ously untied. Capt. S. then made sail on his vessel. The boy liberated the pri- vateer seamen, and they made an ineffectu- al attempt to regain the vessel. January 11, spoke fchr. Resolution , Judson, of N. London, for Turk's Island, and obtained 2 men and some necessaries of her. On 13th of Jan. saw the same privateer which had captured the sloop, but fortunately got safe into Jacquemel. On her return passage the Julia failed from Jacquemel in co. with 2 Salem vessels and continued in co. until they arrived off Cape Antonio, where they fell in with three French cru- izers, a sloop, a fchr. and ship. Capt. S. presumed the ship was not French, bore away to her for protection from the others—but was convinced of his mistake on coming near. The sloop was hailed in French, and ordered under the lee of the ship, and to hoist out the boat; captain S. immediately hoisted his square sail, run across the ship's stern and cleaped, altho' a few shots were fired at him. The Salem vessels were probably taken. They were the Swallow , Waters , and Joseph , Lurvey.
TRIPOLITAN AFFAIRS.
Extract of a letter from Commodore Preble to the Secretary of the Navy, dated Malta Harbour, January 7th, 1804.
"The coast of Tripoli is extremely dan- gerous at this season of the year, but I could not avoid paying it a visit, and on the morning of the 2d ult. I captured a vessel in light of Tripoli which left that port in the night bound to Bengazy—She was under Turkish colors and navigated by Turks and Greeks, but had on board two Tripoline officers of distinction, a son of one of the officers, a number of Tripoline soldiers, and forty-two black men and wo- men slaves belonging to the Basha and his subjects, and a small sum of about one thousand dollars in money, Tripoline pro- perty.
"My object in coming over here, was to attend to the translation of the papers, to look out for some good boats for light cruizers and to forward some necessary sup- plies to our unfortunate countrymen.
"If I find on the translation of the pa- pers, that the vessel is Turkish property I shall release her together with all the people which the captain claims, viz. an officer of the Captain Pacha, three Turks and seven Greeks; the remainder amount- ing to about 60 Tripolitans and slaves be- longing to the Basha and his subjects, I shall keep as prisoners. I have written to the Basha proposing an exchange, and hope this capture will enable me to release some of our countrymen, or at any rate, it will afford us considerable advantage in a negotiation for a ransom or peace.
"I have this day had indirect propo- sals from the Basha for a peace—He is willing to restore the frigate Philadelphia for a Schooner, and he will give up our of- ficers and men for 500 dollars each. I believe on these terms he would make peace, but he demands an annual stipend for keeping it, such as the Swedes or Danes pay him amounting to dollars per annum payable in
This we ought never to accede to, as it would stimulate the avarice of the other Barbary powers, and probably induce them to declare war against us."
Extract of a letter from Commodore Preble to the Secretary of the Navy, dated Malta, Jan. 20, 1804.
"I have received further proposals (indirectly) from the Basha—he appears to be willing to give me as many of our of- ficers and men as I have Tripolitans in exchange—for the remainder I suspect he is willing to take 100 dollars for each & make
peace without any consideration or annu- al tribute, and give us a frigate for a schoo- ner. These terms perhaps may be thought favorable by the United States. I shall send a vessel to Col. Lear to consult him, and in the mean time take the necessary steps for lessening the Basha's expecta- tions."
Late accounts from New-Orleans, state, that but little progress was making in fil- ling up the shares for the Louisiana Bank, only 1500, (to half the amount required,) having been subscribed for. It was appre- hended that the establishment would not succeed:—Indeed this circumstance will not be regretted, inasmuch as the Bank of the United States will doubtless erect a Branch of their institution at New-Orleans.
[Philadelphia paper.]
Extract of a letter from a gentleman at Madeira, to his friend in this city, dated 4th Feb. 1804.
"For near twenty days previous to the 9th of Oct. this island had been visited dai- ly with frequent, and at times very heavy showers of rain. On the morning (at break of day) of the 9th, the whole atmosphere and horizon, had such an appearance as to threaten much wet weather; this was veri- fied, for, from ten A. M. till nine P. M. we had little or no intermission from a contin- ued fall of rain; at about six P. M. it had in- creased so much as to appear one entire sheet of water falling from the heavens—This, added to the darkness of the ap- proaching night, accompanied with much lightning, created a considerable degree of anxiety for the fate of this city, among us all. About eight o'clock our danger ap- peared in its strongest view, for a flood of water, now rushed down from the moun- tains on all sides in immense torrents, car- rying with it every article that opposed its passage with the sea. Four of our bridges, that is the three nearest the sea on the east- ern side, and the other on the western river, near to St. John's Chapel were entirely swept away; the whole range of Pedro Mendoncas stores, the bridge and the house that contained poor Patlock Morris, and the whole of that ill-fated family consist- ing of eight persons were hurried away to the sea, and there is not left a single vestige to trace the spot where the house stood. The whole of the houses on that side the Rad directly adjoining the river are entire- ly uninhabitable; more than one half of each being washed away from their founda- tions; the whole of the north side the Rua dos Toncello was entirely swept away, in- cluding Joze Jgnacis and family, consisting of eighteen persons who perished in the de- luge; at Mr. James Gordon's house (the peace) the water rose upwards of fourteen feet, near the second floor. The waters in another direction swept away the Rua dos Fangeiros, and passing along one side of the Roxinha came down with such im- petuosity as to carry off nearly the whole of the Calhao Church, leaving only the Tower, belfrey, and the altar wall. In con- sequence of all these events which were found to be general, from Porto da Cruz in the north, all round by the south, as far as near Calheta in the west upwards of 200 lives have been lost. Many entire Vine- yards, to the value of many thousands of pounds, and probably not less than 2000 pipes of wine, belonging to merchants of this city, and others in the different parish- es, have hurried into the sea. Several mercantile houses have had severe losses in wine. I am happy to add that our situa- tion, being in the centre of the town, we escaped without being in the least incom- moded or suffering any loss of property, though had the rain continued one hour lon- ger, the greater part of the city must have been swept into the sea; as it is, the da- mage suffered cannot be repaired with- out an enormous expense and great length of time; and it is much doubted whether Punchal will ever appear what it was pre- vious to the gift. All the eastern part from the bridge, (now a woodcrome) at the Rua dos ferreiros is now nearly deserted, except a few, who are bold enough to risk their persons in case of a second disaster happening. However, our winter is passing away with a tolerable share of dry fine weather.
Upon the night of the 8th ult. a hard gale of wind set in from the south coast, and two fine English ships were driven on shore on our beach, the one behind the Pontinha, the other under the Governor's Castle; the remainder of the vessels with great difficul- ty put to sea. Three lives only were lost among those wrecked.
[Ib.]
RICHMOND, May 8th, 1804.
INSTANCES having appeared of attempts to obtain subscriptions to the Bank of Virginia, under authority of names having not legal capacity to give pow- ers; and there being much reason to appre- hend, from circumstances, that, during the term of holding the subscription open, abuses of various kinds will grow to an extent ex- ceedingly injurious to the rights of fair sub- scribers; and tending to an unjust monopoly, contrary to the obvious intention of the Le- gislature:—The Commissioners of Rich- mond do hereby make it known, that upon any power being produced, they conceive it their duty to require satisfactory information, by oath or otherwise, of the real existence of the person appearing as principal; and of the legal capacity of such person to give that authority: Also, that all authorities are filed under the responsibility of the person acting as Attorney, as to the genuineness thereof on future investigation.
The commissioners are confident, that in thus acting, they are fully authorized, as a reasonable guard against imposition; and that it tends to the injury of no fair subscri- ber, while it removes an existing facility of obtaining numerous powers for the real be- nefit of others, than persons whose names appear. All powers, then, hereafter received, will be investigated, where grounds of suspicion shall occur.
By order of the Commissioners, E. CARRINGTON, Chairman.

The Enquirer.
RICHMOND: SATURDAY, MAY 12, 1804.
When an intimation was expressed in the last Enquirer, that an abstract of the proceedings on the Glebe lands should be published in the next paper...
PLANS TO PREVENT COUNTERFEITING BANK NOTES.—The great art of becoming richer, without a proportional increase of exertion...
STEREOTYPE PLATES. Since the last remarks presented to the public on this subject, I have received through the medium of a friend at Philadelphia...
I am not ashamed however to declare, that my mind is not perfectly convinced of the tendency of this plan to prevent counterfeiting Bank Notes.
Can any effectual method be adopted for preventing the circulation of these fictitious notes, is the important enquiry...
This discovery, which the English artists have not been fortunate enough to make, has been lately assumed by two engravers in this country.
STEREOTYPE PLATES. The common way of engraving the device is written upon a smooth and polished plate of copper...
first carved on a hard piece of polished steel, and transferred to a smooth plate of some softer metal, as Silver or Copper.
Mr. Perkins proposes to form such plates, and then "to add a little engraving which shall interlock with the die impressions on the plate."
The following certificate from the Boston Repository, will, no doubt, contribute to add new strength to his assertions.
JACOB PERKINS. This may certify that we the subscribers of the city of Philadelphia and New-York, have carefully examined the principles of Mr. Perkins's Stereotype plate...
James Akin, John Reich, Gilbert Fox, C. Tichout, D. Edwin, B. Tanner, D. Fairman, W. Hooker, E. Savage, S. Seymour, Philadelphia Engravers.
He advises the Engraver to procure plates which have iron on the one side, and good steel on the other. The steel-side receives the device which is engraved on it in the common way.
BACK-STUFF PLATES. He advises the Engraver to procure plates which have iron on the one side, and good steel on the other.
This question has a claim to examination far beyond the common purposes of a trifling curiosity.
This question has a claim to examination far beyond the common purposes of a trifling curiosity. It is the bounden duty of the Legislature to prevent the perpetration of crimes...
BANK OF VIRGINIA. Table with 3 columns: DAYS, SHARES, PERSONS. It lists share subscriptions over 4 days.
It is impossible to form any conjecture that may be probably correct, as to the number of shares which a person may nominally hold at the end of ten days.
As it stands at present, all SHARE-HOLDERS above 10, will be reduced to that number, by legal scale.
At Fredericksburg, 1109 shares were taken in 5 hours, on the first day: and on Tuesday the allotted number of 1500 were filled up in 15 minutes after the books were opened.
At Norfolk, the 3000 shares were taken in three hours and ten minutes.
At Petersburg, the 2250 shares were taken in an hour and a half.
MASSACHUSETTS ELECTION.
VOTES FOR GOVERNOR. In 403 towns, the votes were, for Strong, 27,410—for Sullivan, 28,053.
NEW-YORK ELECTIONS.
STATE OF THE POLLS, APRIL 1804, FOR GOVERNOR, LIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR, &c.
From the accounts we have received, and which, though not official, may be relied upon, the REPUBLICAN TICKET for Governor and Lieutenant-Governor has succeeded in the following counties, viz:
Table with 2 columns: COUNTIES, MAJORITIES. Lists counties like Rensselaer, Washington, Saratoga, etc. and their respective majorities.
The Federal Ticket has succeeded in the following counties, viz: New-York, Richmond, Dutchess, Columbia, Albany. It also notes that seven towns not returned from the county of Washington...
Yesterday's Mail.
The New-York Commercial Advertiser, Saturday Evening, contains the following article:
IMPORTAN'T! The brig Two Brothers, just arrived at quarantine, in 24 days from St. Jago de Cuba spoke, on the 1st instant, the ship John, captain Howard, 35 days from London, for Charleston...
THE KING OF ENGLAND WAS DEAD. [Of the degree of credit due to the foregoing report, it is impossible, under present circumstances, to judge with any certainty.]
OF BONAPARTE. Concerning the religious opinions of Bonaparte, it is said, no man can form any sound judgment from his discourse: he might at one moment be imagined an infidel...
To contemplate greatness, to study till we understand it, and when circumstances agree, to make it our model, can only be blamed when greatness is sullied by vice...
OF MOREAU. There are many of the enemies of Bonaparte, who have wished to engage Moreau in raising a faction, of which he should be the head...
Among the heads, etched as studies for young artists, is that of Moreau, in several sizes; and under one of them is inscribed "The Head of a man." In the plot to assassinate Bonaparte on the parade...
R. B. Sheridan, is appointed by the prince of Wales to the office of receiver general of the Duchy of Cornwall, in the room of the late Lord Elliot.
Capt. Hollowell, arrived at Boston from Alacant, states that Capt. Bainbridge had been released through the interference of the French Consul at Aler.
COMMUNICATION. In consequence of a renewed attack of the paralytic complaint of last week, we understand the COLLECTOR of this port has resigned his office.
CHARLESTON, April 30.
Accounts from Savannah state, that at the Supreme Court held there during the last week, for the county of Chatham, Judge Bowen delivered a charge to the grand jury which was considered as a most able and impartial one.
Meeting of the citizens had taken place, at which several resolutions were agreed to, one was, that they approved highly of the conduct of the grand jury...
A letter received yesterday from Savannah states, that the Grand Jury had been released from confinement under the habeas corpus act.
IN THE ADMIRALTY COURT.
The District Court was engaged nearly the whole of the last week by a cause of considerable magnitude and importance to the commercial world.
if the Court should consider the Anna an American, then the cause must be dismissed because it was admitted the claimants were engaged at the time of the capture, in an illegal traffic...
His Honor Judge Bee stated in a clear and concise decree, the law in this case; having reported the evidence, he observed that our treaty with France plainly denoted the kind of documents to be exhibited on the high seas to the cruisers of a French Republic...
[Chas. Courier of April 24]
The late novel occurrence at Savannah (a short account of which will be found under the Charleston head) exceeds any thing we ever recollected to have heard of.
Judge Bowen has since been committed to prison, on a charge of endeavouring to excite insurrection, and at the date of our last advices, remained in confinement.
EARTHQUAKE AT GIBRALTAR. A shock of an earthquake was experienced in the garrison on the afternoon of Friday 12th January, powerful enough both to shake the town and in the south, to shake the furniture in the houses...
THE NEW-YORK WEEKLY MAGAZINE
Handsomely bound—Containing a great variety of Valuable Selections in Prose and Verse, adapted to the moral improvement and rational amusement of a domestic life.
A CARD.
The rational amusement, and the utility designed from well conducted Magazines, will hardly be controverted. According to the few countries in which they are not numerous and well conducted.

Sketch of Dr. JENNER'S Life from "Public Characters of 1802-3," published at London.
Whilst Europe has been carrying on her late war with an astonishing ingenuity in the selection of its means, the more attractive arts of peace have not been stationary or tardy in their progress. Though science appears to have contributed new methods to men for the destruction of each other; tho' each of these methods not only appears, but may be really considered to be (what the discovery of Gun-powder has not been) a new force for extending the range of its desolations already too wide; yet the means of preserving life from the blind agency of inanimate nature have multiplied probably in a still greater proportion.
The life of Jenner, independent of the great discovery whose origin and progress it records, cannot fail to present us with several lessons which are highly instructive. It teaches us that there is no mind, however deficient in scientific attainments, which may not give us a little scrap of physical knowledge, which books, or wiser men, or our own observations may not have suggested. It thus tends to introduce to the better acquaintance of each other, two classes in society, whom mutual prejudice has too widely separated: the farmers, the artists, and all those practical men who have devoted their minds to some simple series of operations; and the philosophers of the closet or the laboratory, who have exerted all their genius in the arranging of theories and the making of experiments.
It teaches us how fallacious that opinion is when carried to its fullest extent, which limits the improvement of the lower classes of the people to their mere necessary avocations. For had some of the common people of Gloucestershire, possessed a certain degree of curiosity and discrimination, the "vague opinion" would not so long have prevailed, that it was a preventive of the small-pox. Experiments might have been multiplied, and the art of Vaccination might have been long since discovered. By this fortunate discovery, who can say how many lives might not have been protracted, how much subsequent injury to the constitution might not have been avoided, and how many pangs might have been saved to the bosom of beauty?
by the difficulties which rose upon him, first, by the difference between the "pestilous eruptions to which the cow is liable;" and afterwards by the change which "the vaccine matter undergoes," he certainly would never have deserved or obtained the honor, of strangling the "Python."
It also teaches us another lesson which is somewhat mortifying to the pride of man: that the respect with which we are received by our fellow-men is strangely independent of our own exertions. It proves how necessary success is to the honor of any action, however admirable its tendency may appear, or however virtuous its intentions may have been.
Dr. Edward Jenner is the youngest son of the Rev. Stephen Jenner, M.A. of the University of Oxford, rector of Rockhampton, and vicar of Berkeley in Gloucestershire; where the subject of this memoir was born, in 1749.
Independent of church preferment, his father was possessed of considerable landed property in the same county. His mother was the daughter of the Rev. Henry Head, of an ancient and respectable family in Berkshire; who also once held the living of Berkeley, and was at the same time a prebendary of Bristol.
As a proof in what estimation Mr. Hunter held the abilities of Dr. Jenner, we may remark, that he offered him a partnership in his profession, which was extremely valuable. Mr. Hunter was desirous of giving lectures on natural history upon an extensive plan; and, justly appreciating the abilities of his pupil Jenner, and his arduous & perseverance in those enquiries, he well knew the ample support he should derive from the acquisition of his talents.
in London absolutely necessary. We allude to his most happy discovery of Vaccine Inoculation; to the history of which we now hasten, as the most important part of this narrative.
For the discovery of the divine art of vaccination, we are indebted to a fortunate concurrence of circumstances; talents, education, and situation: to the talents of Dr. Jenner, his education under the celebrated Hunter, and his situation in the vale of Gloucester. His inquiry into the nature of the cow-pox commenced about the year 1776. His attention to this singular disease was first excited by observing, that among those whom he inoculated for the small-pox, many were insusceptible of that disorder.
Several persons were successively inoculated from each other with vaccine matter, and afterwards exposed in a variety of ways to the infection of the small-pox, which they all resisted. This happy discovery was communicated to the world by Dr. Jenner, in a treatise published in June, 1798, entitled, "An Inquiry into the Causes and Effects of the Variolae Vaccinae, a disease discovered in some of the western counties of England, particularly Gloucestershire, and known by the name of the Cow-pox."
last six months, by the grand fleet alone. They remark, that it is no wonder the disease was attended with uncommon mortality, when the subjects whom it attacked were so ill prepared for its reception.
The authors of this memorable and important address then declare, that, although prevented by their situation from receiving the earliest intelligence of improvements in medical science, they have not been passive spectators of an event so singular, as a discovery of a substitute for the small-pox; an event which the philosopher will contemplate with wonder, and the friend of the human species view with exultation.
With respect to the national reward conferred on Dr. Jenner, however inadequate it is to his merits, it exceeds any other reward ever granted by parliament. It was justly observed by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, that no pecuniary remuneration could be adequate to a service like this; and, indeed, when we consider how small a surplus will remain, after deducting all the expenses incurred on this occasion by Dr. Jenner, we should rather be inclined to suppose it is meant for the redemption of the town of Berkeley, than that of the whole human race, from the ravages of the small-pox.
life, even during pregnancy; and at all seasons of the year.
The Committee of the House of Commons, to whom the petition of Dr. Jenner was referred, state, in their Report, that the utility of vaccine inoculation is confirmed by the testimony of a number of witnesses of the highest characters, and most extensive experience in the profession.
By virtue of a Deed of Trust executed to us by Mr. John Woodson, of Hanover County, to secure the payment of a debt due from him to Giles Terrell, Executor of Rev. William Douglass dec. will be exposed to SALE at Hanover Court House on the fourth Wednesday in June next, it being Hanover Court day, the TRACT OF LAND, WHEREON the said Woodson now resides, adjoining the lands of Nathaniel W. Dandridge and others, or so much thereof as will be sufficient to satisfy the balance of the said debt still due, and the costs attending this trust, by DAVID BULLOCK, FRED'k. HARRIS, Trustees. Richmond County, June 1803. John Campbell, compit. AGAINST William Morgan and Peter Northern defendants. THE defendant Morgan not having entered his appearance and given security according to the act of Assembly, and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that he is not an inhabitant of this state; on motion of the complainant, by his counsel, it is ordered that the said defendant do appear here on the first day of the next term, and answer the bills of the complainant, and that a copy of this order be published in some newspaper printed in the city of Richmond, for two months successively, and a copy also posted at the front door of the courthouse; and it is further ordered that the defendant Northern, do not pay, convey away or secrete the debts and effects in his hands, due and belonging to the said Morgan, until the further order of the court, in the premises. A copy Teste. D. McCARTY c. r. c. NOTICE. THOSE who have claims against the estate of WILLIAM C. BEALE late of the county of Westmoreland, are requested to exhibit them immediately to the subscriber, who is fearful there will not be sufficient assets to pay the debts due by the said William C. Beale, and is therefore anxious to apply the assets in such manner as the law directs. John Peake, Esqr. Westmoreland County, January 1, 1804.