The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1804-11-14 00:00:00

THE ENQUIRER.
RICHMOND, (Virginia) PUBLISHED BY RITCHIE & WORSLEY, OPPOSITE THE POST-OFFICE...AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM...payable in advance.
NUMBER 55.]
WEDNESDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 14, 1804.
[VOLUME I.]
CONDITIONS.
 I. The ENQUIRER will appear twice a week...During the session of Congress and the Virginia Legislature, either a third paper or a supplementary half-sheet, during the week.  II. Terms of payment FIVE DOLLARS per annum, in advance.  III. ADVERTISEMENTS, from those who do not subscribe to the paper, should they not exceed a square in length, shall be inserted for seventy-five cents the first time, fifty cents for each time during three weeks, and for every additional insertion thirty-three cents; long ones in the same proportion.  IV. SUBSCRIBERS shall have their advertisements inserted for fifty cents the first time, and thirty-three cents for every additional insertion. 
Irish Linen and Madeira Wine.
JOHN HENRY has imported in the ship LATONA, captain Thurston, from Liverpool, a few small boxes of well assorted 4-ths IRISH LINEN, purchased in Dublin in July; which, with fine old London particular MADEIRA WINE, in pipes and half pipes, he offers for sale on moderate terms. Nov. 7. eptf.
Fashionable and Fall Goods.
BARTLETT STILL.
HAS for Sale, at his Store, FASHIONABLE & FALL GOODS, consisting of—Superfine Calicoes, 6-4 Cambric Dimities, 6-4 Cambric Mullins, India Book Mullins, India Book Handks. India Mullins, Mullins and Handks. plain and figured, laced Cambric Mullins, 9-8 Colonaed Mullins, Chambray Mullins of all colours, neater patterns, Salmon, Blue, Yellow, Green, Buff, Pink, and black imbued Cambric Mullins, Damask and laced Cambric Shawls, laced Caps, black and white laced Veils, Spanish Cloaks, 3-4 and 4-4 laced Handks. 6-4 laced Shawls, picnic Gloves, extra long kid and wash Leather Gloves, team, silk, and worsted Hosiery, colored camel hair Shawls, 4-4 Irish Linens and Sheerings, India and French Luteceirings, black and white India Satins, Italian and Leghorn Silks, London and French superfine Cloths, superior quality Mouselin, Swanston and Tolinet Vests-Coatings, 40 pieces Second Cloths at 5 per cent advance, Patent Cords and Calfskins, Bayles Coatings, Berkins, Fernseights, Blankets, Plaids, Flannels, Bombazens, Bombazens, Camblets and Durenets, milld Gloves and Stockings, 9 component sets Table Cloth, 8 tea sets India and French ditto, new patterns, Imperial and Hyson Teas, best triple Long Gun Powder, double and single barrelled Guns, Pistols, Dressing Cuffs, Portable Writing Desks, Playing Cards, Writing Paper and Quills, Morocco Shaving Cakes, Bagaton Tables, Revere's Colours, Copying Machines, Surveyors Compasses and Instruments complete, Bailey's Blacking, Windsor Soap and Hair Powder, Marking Types and Durable Ink, Ladies Mahogany Dressing Cases complete, Gold and Silver Watches and Clocks, Pearl and Topaz Brooches and Ear Rings—Hardman's Snuff, No. 9—Prime Chewing Tobacco and Scotch Snuff—Best Spanish Segars. A liberal discount for Cash will be allowed for the above articles, with a number of others too tedious to mention. Nov. 7. tf
Fall and Fashionable Goods.
ROBERT JOHNSTON is now opening a general and well selected Assortment of FALL and FASHIONABLE GOODS, which he will sell on moderate terms for Cash, Produce, or at a short credit, by Wholesale or Retail; AMONG WHICH ARE: Superfine & coarse cloths | Russia and Irish fleecings Calfskins & coatings | German Onaburgs and Mancheles and patent | Ticklenburgs cords | Chinizes, Calicoes and Swansdowns & flannels | Cambricks Rose, point & duffel blankets | India Lutestrings and Satins Ladies Morocco caps | Ironmongery & Cutlery Ladies shoes & slippers | Gun Powder and Patent Steel backboards and col- | Shot lars | Looking Glasses & Ther- ometers Oil cloths & oil skins | Whips, Spurs, &c. &c. &c. Irish Linens and brown | Holland Nov. 7. Wtf
By the late arrivals from London and Liverpool.
W. MACKENZIE & CO.
HAVE RECEIVED THEIR
Fall Goods.
Nov. 7. eptw
We have received a small additional supply of
MADEIRA WINE.
Of a superior quality, which we offer for sale by the hoghead and quarter-cask. Glasgow & JEFFERSON. eptf
July 18.
FALL GOODS.
WILLIAM TEMPLE has received by the ship Edward and Charles, from London, an extensive assortment of GOODS, suitable to the approaching season. He expects an ADDITIONAL SUPPLY, to complete his assortment, by the ship Sally from London, and Latona from Liverpool; which he will dispose of on his usual low terms. Sept. 8. eptf
FALL GOODS.
COLIN MACRAE has received by the last arrivals from Europe, a very extensive assortment of GOODS, which will be sold on moderate terms for cash or produce, or on time to punctual men. Manchester, Nov. 8. tf
THE SUBSCRIBER
HAS JUST RECEIVED FROM NORFOLK.
A CONSIGNMENT of 50 Barrels, 8 Tierces, & 2 hds. BROWN SUGAR, which he will sell reasonable for cash, or negotiable notes, at 60 days. He has also, COFFEE by the Barrel, and Spanish SEGARS by the Box, all of which articles are good in quality. HE HAS ALSO FOR SALE, 200 Spanish hides of good quality, also on consignment. DANIEL TRIPLETT. October 10—49.
Sales at Auction.
WILL be sold by Messrs. Prosser & Moncure, at Public Auction, on THURSDAY the 15th instant, for the benefit of the Underwriters: A Trunk No. 6, marked S D G, containing GOODS, damaged on board the ship Sufan & Polly, Capt. Thomas Eldred. Nov. 10.
Insurance against Fire.
Phenix Fire Office, London, May 1, 1804. THE numerous and destructive Fires which have happened within the period of the two last years, in different parts of Europe and America, (more particularly in the towns of Liverpool in England, Gottenburg in Sweden, and Norfolk in Virginia,) render it proper to remind all persons who possess property in the United States of America of the utility of insurance. The Phoenix Office of London, is an institution sufficiently known by the very large and important losses it has paid, in consequence of the extensive conflagrations in the cities and towns of America to such sufferers as have had the prudence to protect their property, by insurance. The Phoenix Company deeply regret that, owing to the expensive operations and continued losses, upon the buildings and stores in the timber towns, no alteration nor remission on such risks can be made at present; but the Directors hope from the increase of brick and stone buildings, and other improvements of security, that the period is not far distant, when the rates will be generally, to mitigate the rates of insurance in North America; and they confidently presume that the promptitude and honor with which they have uniformly fulfilled their extensive engagements, have unequivocally established the solidity, credit, and good faith of the Company. The Phoenix Company grant insurances upon buildings, goods and ships, whilst in dock or in harbor, from loss or damage by fire, upon the most moderate and equitable terms; and persons desirous of securing their property by policies from this company, are requested to transmit their orders to their correspondents in Great Britain. Nov. 8. eptf.
WILLIAM & MARY COLLEGE.
THE Lectures on LAW and POLICE at the College of William and Mary, will commence on the 20th of November. Oct. 20, 1804. [1m]
A WET NURSE.
WANTED to hire or purchase, a Wet Nurse without a child of her own. Enquire of the Printers. August 8.—tf
WANTED ON HIRE;
A WOMAN without a Child, who is a good Cook, Washer, and Ironer. Liberal wages are offered for one who can come well recommended. Also—A GIRL, from 12 to 16, who has been accustomed to wait in a house. Apply at the Enquirer Office. Sept. 8.
BROKER'S OFFICE.
THE Subscriber has opened a Broker's Office, opposite the Union Tavern, and over the Counting-house of Thomas and Ames Ladd. All business confided to him, will be transacted with strict fidelity. THOMAS NORVELL. October 3. tf
WILL BE SOLD.
At public sale, at Zachariah Brooke's Tavern, in Manchester, on Tuesday the 11th of December next, 150 acres of LAND,
ALL in woods, and of prime quality, lying in Chesterfield county, on the north side of the Buckingham road, and adjoining the lands of Mr. James Scott, about seven miles from Manchester. The terms of sale will be one half cash, and residue months credit for the other remaining bond with approved security. Any person wishing to purchase will be shown the land by applying to Mr. James Patterson or Joseph C. Brown of Manchester. WM. GAY. Buckingham, Nov. 7.
NEAL NELSON, BOOT & SHOE MANUFACTURER,
MAKES Boots & Shoes to any pattern or fashion, equal in point of MATERIALS and WORKMANSHIP to any in general use. Imported Boots and Shoes, of the best quality and newest fashion, for sale. Gentlemen at a distance, who are disposed to forward me their measure, by paying attention to the annexed cut, can be fitted with Boots or Shoes as well as if they were on the spot.....A—the length of the Boot.....C—round the Calf.....B—the pitch of ditto.....D—round the heel and instep.....E—round the instep.....G—across the ball of the foot. Fix the heel against a perpendicular, and stick a knife at the end of the great toe—set down in figures the number of inches and quarters, in the different measures. June 30. eptm.
THREE DWELLING HOUSES TO BE RENTED. ONE situate at the foot of Adams' hill, and but a small distance from the Masons Hall, lately occupied by Mr. Thomas Underwood; on this lot there is a very good and well enclosed garden, a well of excellent water and other conveniences. One other situate in the alley between the street leading to Shockoe warehouse, and that leading to Mayo's Bridge, lately occupied by Mr. John Robbins. The other situate in the back street near Harris's Tobacco manufactory, and the Rock landing—having a large garden well included, and at present occupied by Mr. Henry Tompkins. Possession of the two first described may be had immediately, and of the other on the first of January next. Apply to JOSEPH GALLEGO. WHO HAS FOR SALE, A light Coach, nearly new, with plated mounted harness, complete for two horses. 13th October. (eptf)
THREE DWELLING HOUSES TO BE RENTED.
ONE situate at the foot of Adams' hill, and but a small distance from the Masons Hall, lately occupied by Mr. Thomas Underwood; on this lot there is a very good and well enclosed garden, a well of excellent water and other conveniences. One other situate in the alley between the street leading to Shockoe warehouse, and that leading to Mayo's Bridge, lately occupied by Mr. John Robbins. The other situate in the back street near Harris's Tobacco manufactory, and the Rock landing—having a large garden well included, and at present occupied by Mr. Henry Tompkins. Possession of the two first described may be had immediately, and of the other on the first of January next. Apply to JOSEPH GALLEGO.
WHO HAS FOR SALE,
A light Coach, nearly new, with plated mounted harness, complete for two horses. 13th October. (eptf)
JAMES SEABROOK, TAYLOR,
RESPECTFULLY informs his friends and the public in general, that he has removed from near the Market to Harris's corner, opposite the Custom House; where all commands in his line, will be punctually attended to; and as he has established a regular correspondence in Philadelphia, gentlemen may rely on having their clothes made in the newest fashion and neatest manner. N. B. Ladies Riding Dresses and Great Coats made in the newest fashion. October 17.—49. tf
WILL BE SOLD.
On the 24th day of November, to the highest bidder, for cash, at Richard Gregory's Tavern, in Chesterfield county:
FIVE LIKELY NEGROES, or so many of them as will satisfy the debt hereafter mentioned, the property of James Ferguson, of said county; which property is conveyed to us in trust, baring date on the ninth day of March, in the year one thousand eight hundred and two, by the said James Ferguson, to secure the payment of fourteen thousand six hundred and eighty-six dollars of Tobacco, of the Upper Inspection on James River—Likewise, the sum of three pounds thirteen shillings and six pence, current money of Virginia, with interest and cost from the within mentioned date, due by the said James Ferguson to Miles Selden. RICHARD GREGORY, JOHN R. BRADLEY, } Trustees. GEORGE GARY, } Nov. 8. 6tf
FOR SALE.
At Louisa Courthouse, on the first Wednesday in December next,
182 VALUABLE SLAVES,
CONSISTING of Men, Women, Boys and Girls, belonging to the estate of Christopher Smith, deceased. Among them is a valuable TANNER, regularly bred the business. The Subscriber has refused to sell any of them privately, and they will certainly be offered at public sale at the time above mentioned. A credit till the 10th of February, 1806, will be given, on the purchasers giving bonds with approved security, to carry interest from the date; but if the principal is punctually paid, the interest will be remitted. CHARLES SMITH, Acting Executor of Christopher Smith, dec. October 3. (4td)
VALUABLE LANDS—FOR SALE.
In the county of King William, on Thursday the 29th of November, to the highest bidder, at Frasier's Ferry:
TWO TRACTS OF LAND,
belonging to the estate of William Brooke, deceased, and lying immediately on Mattaponi river; one of them containing upwards of 700 acres of high land, and about 100 acres of valuable woodland marsh, abounding with a variety of wild fowl in their season. This tract lies about 2 1/2 miles from Frasier's ferry, from King William Court House and within five of King and Queen Court House. The buildings on this land are a new barn 15' square, with other buildings fit for the accommodation of an overseer and negroes. The other tract contains about 275 acres of high land, and has on it a very handsome two story brick house 60 by 20 feet, with three rooms and an airy passage below, and four rooms and a passage above, with fine out houses, situated on a high eminence affording a delightful view of the river and adjacent country; these houses are somewhat out of repair, but for a small sum may be rendered very comfortable. This last mentioned situation is considered one of the most healthy and pleasant in the lower country. These tracts adjoin each other in a very convenient manner and would make a preferable farm under the direction of an attentive farmer. A further description of these lands is deemed unnecessary, as those who are inclined to purchase will undoubtedly view them. The conditions of sale will be one fifth of the purchase money to be paid on the day of sale and the other four fifths in three equal annual payments, to carry interest from the date if not punctually paid. A bond and such other security as the executor may deem necessary will be required. These lands may be divided to suit purchasers and possession had on the first of January 1805. RICHARD BROOKE. Nov. 3. 4m
WILL BE SOLD.
By virtue of a decree of the Court of the United States for the fifth circuit, in the Virginia district, bearing date the 6th day of June, 1804, in behalf of Phineas Bond, attorney for the creditors of Ezekiel Edwards, against David Ross and others,
WILL BE SOLD.
To the highest bidder, for ready money, at Goodland Courthouse, on the 20th day of November next,
A TRACT OF LAND,
In said county, on Beverdam creek, containing fifteen hundred acres, more or less, including the land whereon the Court House is situated, bounded by the lands of Samuel Woodson and others, and commonly called Ross's Goodland Court House Tract; or so much thereof as may be sufficient to raise the sum of ten thousand Dollars, and the expenses attending the sale. BEN: MOSBY, D. M. for Joseph Scott, M. V. dt. (tdf) October 17.
WASHINGTON TAVERN.
THE subscriber has taken a lease of this tenement for a number of years, and has put it in a state of repair which renders it not inferior to any in this City. Besides the Tavern he has detached buildings, well calculated to accommodate those who are anxious of greater privacy than a tavern usually affords. These tenements adjoin the public square, and are within two hundred yards of the Capitol. They have deciduous water, and every other benefit in this City, with respect to pure air and excellent water. He has good stables and a constant supply of the best FORAGE. He renders his services to his friends and the public, and assures them, that no ungenerous charges, or any other practice which might, in any degree, have a tendency to degrade the price of his house, will ever be permitted. EDWARD HALLAM. Richmond, September 26. N. B. About THIRTY MEMBERS of the next Assembly may be well accommodated, of whom eighteen have already engaged. E. H.
Mediterranean Passports.
NOTICE is hereby given, that it has been deemed expedient to change the form of the Mediterranean passport issued to vessels of the United States; that from the 8th day of July next, those of the new form will be issued at the custom houses to every vessel, for which application may be made on a compliance with the terms prescribed by law and surrendering the former passport of which the may be possessed, if any, in which latter case no fees will be required for the exchange: and that by an arrangement agreed upon by the Barbary powers with whom we are at peace, either the old or the new form of passport will be sufficient to protect the vessels of the United States, from capture until the 1st of July 1805, after which the old form of passport will be unavailable and the new one alone in use. Department of State, } 22d of May, 1804. The printers of the laws of the United States are requested to insert the above in their Gazettes twice a week for the space of five months, and the Collectors of Customs to keep copies of it posted up in their offices. June, 2. DATEN'S ALMANAC—FOR 1805—Published by Messrs. Davis & Country, may be had at the Office of the Enquirer. September 19. eptf
WHEREAS doubts are entertained, whether
the corporation of the city of Richmond, have authority to appoint a mathematical surveyor, to prescribe and regulate his duties and fees; and it is also doubted, whether a street has been established, communicating from the Soap-factory on the north-west side of Shockoe-Creek to the north-west corner of the old town of Richmond; and thence along the south boundary of said old town to the south-east corner thereof, and thence to Ricketts upon the margin of the river, or otherwise in one continued and direct course; and doubts also exist, whether there be any street established on the north-west boundary of the said old town by the Market-house; and it is deemed expedient that such doubts should be removed, and such streets (if none exist) established:
PUBLIC NOTICE is hereby given, That a petition from the President and Common Council of the said City, will be presented to the next General Assembly of this commonwealth, praying them to explain existing laws, or enact such others, as they most effectually obviate the said doubts, establish (if necessary) the said streets, and authorize the appointment of a surveyor. ANDREW STEVENSON, C. C. C. October 17. (ep6W.)
NOTICE.
THE office of Supervisor of the Revenue for the District of Virginia being discontinued, and the unfinished business of the said Office transferred to me; the Collectors of the Direct Tax and Internal Revenue, whose accounts have not been finally adjusted and paid, are hereby informed, that they are now requested to call at my Office, in the city of Richmond, without delay, and pay the balances due to the United States. And those whose lands have been held in the District of Virginia by authority of an act of Congress of the United States for non-payment of the Direct Tax, may redeem such lands, by paying to me within the time limited, the principal costs and fees as the law directs. As most of the abovenamed lands were sold in Dec. 1802, the privilege of redemption will continue until December next. The money received by me for the redemption of the said lands, will be returned to the purchaser, with interest at the rate of 25 per cent per annum on the purchase money, to the day on which it may be paid to me. JOSEPH SCOTT. Marshall V. D. July 7. ep—tf.
TO RENT.
THE HOUSE wherein I now live, on the street leading up Shockoe Hill by the Governors; it contains a large cellar, a well finished floor, a counting room, a drawing and a bed room in the second floor; three bed rooms in the garret, as also a lumber room and a room on the first floor, which may be used as a kitchen; stable room for two horses and part of the smoke house. The situation is healthy and pleasant, having a fine view over the town, river and the adjacent country. It being in the centre of the city, it is convenient for business. Immediate possession will be given. It will continue in the new house added to the above. Nov. 7. W2w W. F. AST.
NEGROES—FOR SALE.
A LIKELY NEGRO WOMAN, about 36 years old, with three children; two Girls 18 and 8 years old, and a Boy 5 or 6. They are now living with Mrs. Brewer, in Bedford county, and will be sold low for cash. Apply to the Editor of The Enquirer, or the subscriber. LAURENCE MUSE. Tappahannock, Sept. 29. (tf)
A PETITION
will be presented to the next General Assembly, to establish a FERRY from the lands of PETER RUST, in Richmond County, to his said Rust's lands in Essex County. September 15.—[3mp.
LOW FOR CASH, OR ON SHORT CREDIT,
Direct from Pennington's Manufactory, Philadelphia:
LOAF SUGAR.
OF an excellent quality, either by the hoghead, barrel, or single loaf. The supply will be regular and large. ALSO—BAR IRON, by the ton or single bar: IRON CASTINGS of various kinds, by the ton or single piece, among which are a few tons of 50 and 60 lbs. weights. MICAJAH DAVIS. 4th of 7th mo. 1804. [cW6m]
NOTICE.
THE partnership, heretofore subsisting between the subscribers, under the firm of Ross & Ford, is this day dissolved by mutual consent. Those who have unsettled accounts with the said firm are respectfully informed that they must apply for settlement to Messrs. Wm. Jones of Philadelphia, or Neil McCoull of this city. DAVID R. ROSS. BENJAMIN B. FORD. October 17.—(5t. ev.)
AN ELEGANT COUNTRY SEAT
FOR SALE—IN ALBEMARLE.
THE Subscriber offers for sale, that valuable and highly improved Farm, on which he at present resides. There are 245 acres of land, which adjoin the town of Charlottesville, in its whole extent. The improvements are various and considerable, and calculated for a large and genteel family, the dwelling house being 72 by 22 feet. This seat has uniformly been considered one of the most desirable in the Upper country. A grist-mill, advantageously situated, has lately been erected on the premises, the dam of which is built of stone. Contiguous to the mill and adjoining this tract of land, a large distillery has also been established: the house 36 by 53 feet, is built of stone; and the water, which is remarkably cool, is brought in pipes under ground, but a small distance to the vats. The distillery, together with the land annexed, which is of the best quality, may be had with the first mentioned tract. Propositions by letter or otherwise, will be duly attended to: and on receiving part of the price in Negroes, Cattle, Horses, Stock, Public Securities, or good Bonds, an indisputable title will be made to the purchaser, and great accommodation given for the balance, by having it satisfactorily secured. WM. W. HENING. Charlottesville, Oct. 3. [cW6m]
MISS ROBBINS,
AFTER making her sincere acknowledgements to her friends and the public, for that portion of patronage which she has experienced, wishes to inform her patrons, that she has removed her School to a house nearly opposite to Mr. Copland's on Shockoe Hill where she can accommodate 15 or 20 young Ladies as Boarders. Nov. 8. [cW6m]
DOCTOR WILSON
received yesterday a supply of Peruvian Bark, Castor Oil and Salps, all of the best quality. He also has Calomel, Rheubarb, Senna, Manna, Rochelle and Glauber Salts, Tartar Emetic, Ipecacuanha, Opium, Elaphic and Silver Cathartics, Elastic and common Bougies, &c. &c. &c.
He desires to keep a supply of the best Medicines that can be procured, and flatters himself that his acquaintance with Medicine, will entitle him to a share of public patronage. Persons of needy circumstances by paying the retail prices of his Medicines, will be preferred for gratis. October 31. cWtf
NOTICE.
By virtue of a Deed of Trust executed to us by John Woodson of Hanover county, for the benefit of Charles Taylor, Esq. of the Rev. William Dugdale, dec. WILL BE EXPOSED TO SALE To the highest bidder for ready money, on the premises, on the 27th day of November next, the
TRACT OF LAND,
whereon the said Woodson now resides in the upper end of Hanover County, or so much thereof as shall be necessary to satisfy the balance due the said Esq., as also the costs attending the trust, by DAVID BULLOCK, and FREDERICK HARRIS, } Trustees. October 31, 1804. (cW. id.)
IN HANOVER COUNTY COURT,
October 29th, 1804.
Charles Lively
against Richard Richardson & Dads. By Richardson.
THIS DAY
came the complainant by his counsel, and the defendant Dudley Richardson, full failing to appear and answer the bill of the complaint, in the motion of the complainant is decreed; and ordered, that unless the defendant Dudley Richardson, having been served with a copy of this order shall file his answer on or before the next term, and then the complainant's bill be taken for confessed, and the matter thereof decreed accordingly as to him. And the defendant Richardson, not having entered his appearance, and given security according to the rules of this court, and the rules of the court, that he is not an inhabitant of this county, on the motion of the complainant, is further decreed, and ordered that the defendant Richard Richardson, do appear here on the first day of the next term, and answer the bill of the complainant, and that a copy of this order be forthwith published in one of the Virginia Gazettes for two months successively, and that any copy be posted at the front door of the courthouse of this county. A copy, to wit, THOMAS POLLARD, D. C. H. C. October 17. (tf. cW2m)
VIRGINIA:
At a Superior Court of Chancery, held in Richmond, the tenth day of September, 1804—
Between
ARCHIBALD HUTCHESON, Plaintiff,
And
TIMOTHY CHANDLER, and THOMAS DEAR, } Defendants.
THE defendants not having entered their appearance and given security according to the act of Assembly, and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court, that they are not inhabitants of this country; on the motion of the plaintiff, by his counsel, it is Ordered—That the said defendants do appear here on the first day of the next term, and answer the bill of the plaintiff; and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in some newspaper published in the city of Richmond, for two months successively, and posted at the front door of the capitol in the said city. A copy, Teste, P. TINSLEY, C. C. Nov. 7. W2m
VIRGINIA:
At a Superior Court of Chancery, held in Richmond, September 28th, 1804—
Between
Charles Yancey, Plaintiff,
And

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.
RUSSIAN COMMERCE.
Whilst France and England are combating for their reciprocal manufactures, and commercial industry, and exhausting their strength, and diminishing their population, for distant and unhealthy colonies, Russia, without any pretension to internal commerce, or external colonies, grows rich in proportion as its population augments; and twenty years uninterrupted peace will make that extensive empire the most flourishing and powerful in the universe. Vergennes said, "that the fetters of the world were forging in the north." What would have been the Minister's opinion, had he lived to see the official report of the Russian Minister of Commerce, Count de Romanzow! This report, so interesting, though so alarming, to the freedom of the world, contains twenty one articles, in which is published the general state of the Russian trade with foreign nations, or rather the trade of foreign nations with Russia. The 11th and 19th articles are very curious, and ought to be distinguished, as they give an exact account of the benefits Russia obtained of the commerce of transit between Europe and Asia. These articles are again divided into five parts containing the particulars, concerning—1. the commerce on the Baltic—2. on the White Sea—3. on the Caspian Sea—and 4. on the Internal Commerce. —During the year 1802, the importations from the Baltic alone amounted to 32,934,410 roubles; and the exportation amounted to 46,917,134 roubles. The clear profit was, therefore, 13,982,716 roubles, to which is to be added the sum of four millions of roubles in gold or silver, imported either in money or in bullion; in such a manner that the commerce of the Baltic procures to Russia, annually, a clear gain of near eighteen millions of roubles for raw productions alone. During the same year, the importations to Archangel and to other ports in the white sea, amount only to 549,732 roubles; whilst the exportations amount to 4,796,017 roubles, or a benefit enormous, considering the importations of the great sum of 4,246,935 roubles. The profits of Russia on the black sea, and on the Caspian sea, are equally great in proportion to its trade on those seas. Do not these facts clearly prove the immense resources of the Russian empire, and that they are as real as the danger of all other countries have to apprehend from them, should the sovereign of that empire know his true interest, and continue only for the fourth of a century in peace with all the world? During that time, the trade of Russia must necessarily improve and increase; yes, that period is sufficiently long to collect all the treasures of the universe in Russia, and to reduce England to a state of penury and beggary, which, it is to be wished, for the welfare of mankind, it had ever left. The resources of Russia are real, those of England artificial; let the English government cease to pay its creditors; let the artificial credit of the English bank lose a too long possessed confidence; Great Britain is ruined without resource, while all the failures and stoppages in the world, the blowing up of the banks of London and Amsterdam, or those of Vienna and Madrid, will not make more impression upon the political, military and financial situation of Russia, than the flames of Vesuvius or the hurricanes on the coast of India. Next to Russia, France certainly possesses within herself the most real internal resources; but luxury, the consequence of the height of civilization, to which the exclusively is arrived, makes her external and artificial wants greater than those of Russia yet only half civilized. Were not this the case the English shop-keepers, in the midst of their magazines, crowded with the most elegant productions of India, would be starving. The time, however, when this will be the case, cannot be distant. Our government has already founded the alarm, shown all nations their interest, and most ports in Europe are already shut against those tyrants of the seas, who support their extravagance and unnatural pretensions only by the want of spirit, honor and patriotism, in other nations— Le Memorial Anti-Britannique, by Barrere.
CHIEF CITIES IN EUROPE.
M. Langham's, member of the Royal Academy of Berlin, has published the following comparative view of the population of the principal cities of Europe.
Table with 4 columns: Cities, Houses, Inhabitants, Perches of land. Rows include Berlin, London, Paris, Peterburgh, Amsterdam, Vienna, Stockholm, Rome.
If this calculation be correct, it follows that of all the above cities, Peterburgh, occupies the greatest space, but has proportionally the smallest number of houses and inhabitants. Each individual, at Berlin, occupies nearly four square perches; at Paris, two; at London, one half; at Peterburgh, nine; at Vienna, three; at Amsterdam two; at Stockholm, five; and at Rome, three.
A London paper of Sept. 8th says, "One hundred Shipwrights from Brest have arrived at Antwerp, where there is 1500 now employed. Their number is to be increased to 5000. The keels of seven ships of the line have been laid down there, which will increase the number of ships of the line on the stocks to 120. Great quantities of timber and other materials are arriving at Antwerp, from Brussels and Holland. They also expect 800 slaves, who will be employed in the works carrying on in that port."
GENERAL MOREAU.
A gentleman who, with his three sisters, was in prison in Paris, in consequence of their intimacy with general Moreau and his family, and who, on their being released, immediately fled to England, has favored us with the following curious and interesting particulars relative to the late pretended conspiracy.
When Moreau and Pichegru were first separately confined in the Temple, it was the intention of the usurper to destroy them privately in prison; but first it was thought advisable to sound the temper of the people and the army, and it was considered the safer plan to begin with Pichegru. In pursuance of this, a report was circulated that he had poisoned himself the night before. As this report produced little more than a subject of regret to some, and conversation and suspicion to all, the measure was decidedly adopted, and four Mameluks were dispatched on the same night, who strangled the general with a stick, in the manner already described.
The murder of Moreau, however, required a greater degree of caution, and the agents of government began by spreading a rumour that the general was attacked by a violent and dangerous purging, which was likely to prove fatal to him. This occasioned a very strong sensation among the military, and people of all descriptions; but that was not sufficient to put an end to the project, and the next day it was reported that he died of the complaint in the morning. It was then, indeed, that government had good reason for alarm.
A violent agitation was seen to pervade in all the streets and public places; the consternation became general; the soldiers began to assemble and deliberate in arms, and letters were written to communicate the intelligence to the different armies; when the whole was appeased by proclamation being made that the report of general Moreau's death was false, and that he was still alive and in good health.
While the general and the others were on their trial, the court was open to all persons who were inclined to resort there: but no person was allowed to take notes, but those professionally engaged in the defence or prosecution; and all who were present expressed their astonishment at the manner in which the account of the proceedings was garbled, mutilated and distorted in the Moniteur , so as to be directly the reverse of the real state of the facts.
Moreau's advocate afterwards annexed a faithful report of the trial, &c. to a life of Moreau, from his leaving college to his imprisonment in the temple, written by himself. The price fixed upon it was 12 livres; but on the morning appointed for the publication, the eagerness of the people to see it advanced the price as high as six Louis each impression. All however, were disappointed; for as soon as the work was ready, the police rushed in, and carried away the whole of the publication and manuscripts, so effectually, that it is not supposed more than two or three could have possibly escaped them.
During the proceedings of the general's trial, Madame Moreau secretly formed the resolution of appealing to the mercy of the usurper, and with that design remained to the Thuilleries, where she waited for three or four hours in the antichamber, without being able to gain any access to the tyrant. At last, having caught the eye of the empress, the latter asked what was the purpose of her visit? Madame Moreau replied, "That she meant to implore the mercy of his majesty, in favour of her husband whom she tenderly loved, and for whose life she trembled, though she knew him to be innocent; and that she hoped his majesty could not but be touched by the entreaties of a fond wife who had already borne the general one infant, and was pregnant with another." The empress regretted her inability to second her application, as she was convinced that any step that could be taken would tend more to irritate than to appease his majesty.
General Moreau was shocked when he heard of this application, and declared, "that there was nothing in all these circumstances which grieved him so much as that his wife could have so mean an opinion of him, as to suppose that he would condescend to owe his life to so vile a tyrant." It is, therefore, totally false that the general wrote that crying letter to Bonaparte which appeared in the French papers; so far from it, as soon as it was shown him, he wrote a direct contradiction to the libel, but could not find a printer in France who would dare to print it for him.
General Moreau never wrote any letter to Bonaparte on the subject, but one, which was after his sentence, and which was to the following effect, according to the best recollection of our informant, who read it in the manuscript before it was sent off:— "You are very well convinced that I am esteemed and beloved by the French people and the armies, because my conduct through life has uniformly deserved it of them. With that conviction on your mind, tyrant as you are, you know you dare not openly destroy me, because you dread the vengeance that would be taken for my blood. You also know, that, while I live in France, whether in prison or out of it, I shall ever be to you an object of terror and suspicion, and perhaps, sometimes the occasion of discontent and disturbances. Therefore, if it relieves you equally from all apprehensions on my account, and answers your purpose of getting rid of me, as well as my imprisonment would do, I am desirous of retiring to America, to reside there in future, on my wife's property. The orders you may give will be sufficient to inform me of your answer."
This was the only application made by Moreau himself, and though it was complied with by the Corsican, who was glad to get him away at any rate, yet it is feared that this seeming clemency will be no more than a short respite for the brave and illustrious victim of his tyrant's suspicions—for, ever since he quitted the temple, he is constantly subject to violent vomitings, straining, and various other complaints in the stomach, which are supposed to be occasioned by some slow poison, administered to him towards the close of his confinement, which, should it turn out to be incurable, must render the few days he has to number extremely miserable.
While the celebrated and gallant Georges was on his trial, the public accuser asked him—"What have you done with the portraits you had of the late king and queen?"—"The other looking at him for a moment with a strong expression of the utmost contempt, abhorrence, and indignation, exclaimed, 'villain! (scelerat) what have you done with the originals?'—This public accuser was a fellow of the name of Thuriot, who had been very active and instrumental in promoting the murder of the king, and was one of the judges or jury on the trial of the queen, and the unfortunate princess Elizabeth. By the Parisians, whose opinions have of late taken a very different turn from what they had in the year 1793, he is better known by the name of Tue-Roi (King-killer). Georges then poured a volley of curses and execrations on them all, praying that they might themselves meet with the same miserable end they inflicted upon others, and be forwarded to their destination in Hell sooner than they expected. After this he listened to the remainder of the proceedings with the same indifference and sang froid with which he met his fate, in a manner which created a respect for him even in the minds of those who were adverse to his principles and to his conduct.
DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE.
Congress.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
November 5th, 1804.
Being the day appointed by law for the meeting of Congress, a quorum was formed; the members present were 84. Three of whom are new members; viz.
Christopher Clark of the state of Virginia, in the room of John Trigg deceased.
Samuel Riker of the state of New-York, in the room of John Smith appointed a Senator of the United States, and Simon Larned of the state of Massachusetts in the room of Thompson J. Skinner, resigned.
These were severally sworn to support the constitution of the United States, and thereupon took their seats.
On motion of Mr. J. Randolph it was ordered that the Clerk (Mr. John Beckley) notify the Senate that a quorum of the House was formed and ready to proceed to business.
Mr. Beckley mentioned to the Speaker that the members of the Senate had adjourned half an hour ago, but had not formed a quorum.
Letters from the Governors of Virginia and Massachusetts were received by the Speaker & laid on the table without being read, as was also another in the German Language.
Pursuant to the standing rules and orders of the House; the following committees were appointed; viz.
A Committee of Elections, consisting of Messrs. Findley, Varnum, Livingston, Kennedy, Eppes, Clagett and Elmer.
A Committee of Ways and Means, consisting of Messrs. J. Randolph, Joseph Clay, G. Griswold, Boyle, Davenport, N. R. Moore, and Meriwether.
One of Commerce and Manufactures, consisting of Messrs. S. L. Mitchell, Crowningfield, M'Cready, Leib, Newton, Early and Chittenden.
Another of Claims, consisting of Messrs. J. C. Smith, Holmes, Chamberlain, Stanford, Patter, Bedinger, and Stanford.
And also one of revivals and unfinished business, consisting of Messrs. Tenney, Dickson and Earle.
The Clerk was then directed to supply the members with the usual number of such newspapers as they might severally direct—After which it was
Resolved, That the daily hour to which the House shall stand adjourned during the present session be eleven o'clock in the forenoon. Adjourned.
Tuesday, November 6, 1804.
Mr. J. Randolph moved for the appointment of a committee on the part of the house to join a committee of the Senate to wait on the President and inform him that quorums of both houses are formed and ready to receive his communications.
Mr. Dana enquired if a quorum of the Senate was formed; that circumstance he thought ought to be ascertained before the house adopted the gentleman's resolution.
Mr. Randolph did not know whether or no the Senate had formed a quorum, but he saw no objection on that account to proceeding with their own business. He, however, had understood that the Senate would form a quorum this day.
The resolution was carried, and Messrs. J. Randolph and R. Griswold appointed the committee.
Roger Nelson, a member from Maryland elected in the room of Daniel Heister, deceased, appeared and took his seat, after being sworn according to law to support the constitution of the United States.
On motion of Doctor Leib, the petition of Margaret Ralston, praying for the wages of her husband, presented at the last session, was referred to the committee of Claims.
Docl. Mitchell presented the petition of Samuel Bebee, praying to be allowed to loan a fragment of 8 per cent. scrip, the residue being lost, so that he might receive interest on the same. Referred to the committee of Ways and Means.
On motion of Mr. Newton a committee of seven on post offices and post roads was appointed.
Mr. John Cotton Smith, requested the house to excuse him from serving on the committee of Claims; he had been on that committee for four years past, and he knew that the members of that committee particularly, ought to remain at the seat of government during the whole session, he unfortunately would be obliged to ask for leave of absence in January at farthest.
He was hereupon excused, and Mr. Dana was appointed in his place.
Mr. J. Randolph requested information from the chair as to the situation in which the articles of impeachment against Samuel Chase, one of the associate justices of the supreme court of the United States, were left at the last session. The house would recollect that they were then merely reported and ordered to be printed. If that business was to be prosecuted, he conceived it of importance that the party should have all the time to prepare for his defence that their political existence would allow him. Was it the opinion of the Speaker that this subject was before the committee of revival and unfinished business, or should it be referred to a special committee to prepare articles de novo ?
The Speaker judged that it was before the Committee of Revival and Unfinished business as a matter of course.
Doctor Mitchell presented a petition from Daniel Cotton, praying compensation for the injury he sustained in having his ship the Ann Maria, whilst in the service of the United States, pressed by the Bey of Tunis to carry goods, Recinto Marceilles.
Referred to the Committee of Claims.
Gen. Varnum moved for the appointment of chaplains to Congress for the present session, one by each House to interchange weekly.
Mr. Smilie thought that a chaplain when once appointed by the House should remain as an officer of the House during its constitutional existence in like manner as their Speaker, Clerk and other officers.
Gen. Varnum turned the gentleman to the journal, in which it would be found that chaplains were expressly appointed for a session.
Mr. Speaker declared the practice had always been to appoint them every session.
Mr. Griswold observed, that were the chaplain an officer of that house only, the gentleman's (Mr. S.) idea would be correct; but he would recollect that the Senate had a concurrent vote on this subject.
The resolution was hereupon adopted.
On motion of Mr. J. Randolph, a select committee, to consist of 5 members, was ordered to report on the articles of impeachment against S. Chase, one of the associate justices of the supreme court of the U. States.
The petition of Moses White and Charlotte Hazen, the legal representatives of Gen. Hazen, praying to be indemnified for the losses sustained by Gen. Hazen, during the revolutionary war, under a resolution of the old congress of 1776, was referred to the committee of claims. Adjourned.
November 7, 1804.
Another letter in the German language similar to those received last session was laid by Mr. Speaker on the clerk's table.
Doctor Leib observed the narrow limits to which the members were confined by the reduced size of the chamber they now occupied, and the difficulty the members were exposed to in passing and repassing in the lobby, by the admission of strangers. He was forced by these considerations to move the house to rescind their rules which permitted the members to introduce strangers. But as another required that motions for altering the standing rules of the house should only be made on giving one day's previous notice, he contented himself with laying his motion on the table.
On motion of Doctor Leib, a committee of accounts was appointed, whose duty it was to superintend and control the expenditure of the contingent fund of the House, and to audit and settle all accounts charged upon the same.
The Secretary of the Senate, Mr. Otis, delivered a message to the House informing that the Senate had formed a quorum, and were ready to proceed to business.
Also, that the Senate had appointed a committee to join the committee of the House to wait upon the President of the United States, and inform him that a quorum of the two Houses are assembled, and ready to receive any communications he may be pleased to make.
Mr. R. Griswold moved to refer to the committee of Claims the petition of Moses Tayon and R. Law, jun. presented last session, praying a proportion of salary, which they consider to have accrued to them under the law on this subject passed in 1799, and it was referred accordingly.
A message from the Senate, informing that they had concurred in the Resolution of the house that two chaplains of different denominations be appointed, and on their part they had appointed the Rev. Mr. M'Cornick.
Mr. Thomas of New York, moved to proceed by ballot to appoint a Chaplain on the part of the house. Rev. Wm. Bentley of Salem, Massachusetts, and Rev. Mr. Parkinson were nominated.
Upon examining the ballot, the votes were found to be for
Table with 2 columns: Name, Votes. Rows include Mr. Bentley (61), Mr. Lawrie (21), Mr. Parkinson (13), Mr. Gantt (2).
The first named Gentleman having a majority of the whole number of votes, was consequently appointed.
ed and Mr. Beckley was desired to acquaint the Senate therewith.
Mr. Newton presented the petition of John M'Clelland, an old disabled soldier of the Revolutionary War who had been severely wounded at the battle of Eutaw Springs in 1780, praying some additional assistance; referred to the Committee of claims.
On motion, the petitions of Edmund Briggs and others were severally referred to the Committee of claims.
Mr. J. Randolph reported from the joint Committee, appointed to wait upon the President, that the Committee had performed that service, and received for answer, that he would make a communication to Congress, in writing, at 12 o'clock to morrow.
SENATE.
Monday, November 5.
Thirteen members present—No quorum. The Vice-President was in the Chair.
Tuesday, November 6.
Seventeen members present—No quorum. Wednesday, November 7, 1804.
Eighteen members attended, who, constituting a Quorum, proceeded to business.
A committee consisting of Messrs. S. Smith and Baldwin, was appointed to join the Committee of the House of Representatives to wait on the President, to inform him that the two Houses had formed Quorums, and were ready to receive any communication he might be willing to make.
Rev. Mr. M'Cornick was chosen Chaplain.
Table with 2 columns: For Mr. M'Cornick (10), Dr. Gantt (7).
WASHINGTON CITY, November 8.
This day at 12 o'clock, the President of the U. States delivered the following Message to both Houses of Congress.
To the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States.
TO a people, fellow citizens, who sincerely desire the happiness and prosperity of other nations, to those who justly calculate that their own well being is advanced by that of the nations with which they have intercourse, it will be a satisfaction to observe that the war which was lighted up in Europe a little before our last meetings, has not yet extended its flames to other nations, nor been marked by the calamities which sometimes stain the footsteps of war. The irregularities too on the ocean, which generally harass the commerce of neutral nations, have, in distant parts, disturbed ours less than on former occasions. But, in the American seas, they have been greater from peculiar causes; & even within our harbours and jurisdiction, infringements on the authority of the laws have been committed which have called for serious attention. The friendly conduct of the governments from whose officers and subjects these acts have proceeded, in other respects, and in places more under their observation and control, gives us confidence that our representations on this subject will have been properly regarded.
While noticing the irregularities committed on the ocean by others, those on our own part should not be omitted, nor left unprovided for. Complaints have been received, that persons, residing within the United States, have taken on themselves to arm merchant vessels, and to force a commerce into certain ports and countries. That individuals should undertake to wage private war, independently of the authority of their society, is not permitted in a well ordered nation. Its tendency to produce aggression on the laws and rights of other nations, and to endanger the peace of our own, is so obvious, that I doubt not you will adopt measures for restraining it effectually in future.
Soon after the passage of the act of the last session, authorising the establishment of a district and port of entry on the waters of the Mobile, we learnt that its object was misunderstood on the part of Spain. Candid explanations were immediately given, and assurances, that, referring our claims in that quarter as a subject of discussion and arrangement with Spain, no act was meditated in the mean time inconsistent with the peace and friendship existing between the two nations: and that conformably to these intentions would be the execution of the law. That government had however thought proper to suspend the ratification of the convention of 1802. But the explanations which would reach them soon after, and still more the confirmation of them by the tenor of the instrument establishing the port and district, may reasonably be expected to replace them in the dispositions and views of the whole subject which originally dictated the convention.
I have the satisfaction to inform you that the objections which had been urged by that government against the validity of our title to the country of Louisiana have been withdrawn: its exact limits however remaining still to be settled between us. And to this is to be added that having prepared and delivered the stock created in execution of the convention of Paris of April 30th, 1803, in consideration of the cession of that country, we have received from the government of France an acknowledgement in due form of the fulfilment of that stipulation.
With the nations of Europe in general our friendship and intercourse are undisturbed: and especially, we continue to receive those friendly manifestations which are justly due to an honest neutrality, and to such good offices consistent with that, as we have opportunities of rendering.
The activity and success of the small force employed in the Mediterranean in the early part of the present year, the reinforcements sent into that sea, & the energy of the officers having command in the several vessels, will, I trust, by the sufferings of war, reduce the barbarians of Tripoli to the desire of peace on proper terms. Great injury however ensues to ourselves as well as to others interested, from the distance to which prizes must be brought for adjudication, and from the impracticability of bringing hither such as are not sea-worthy.
The Bey of Tunis having made requisitions unauthorised by our treaty, their rejection has produced from him some expressions of discontent. But to those who expect us to calculate whether a compliance with unjust demands will not cost us less than a war, we must leave as a question of calculation for them also, whether to retire from unjust demands will not cost them less than a war. We can do to each other very sensible injuries by war. But the mutual advantages of peace make that the best interest of both.
Peace and intercourse with the other powers on the same coast continue on the footing on which they are established by treaty.
In pursuance of the act providing for the temporary government of Louisiana, the necessary officers for the territory of Orleans were appointed in due time to commence the exercise of their functions on the 1st day of October. The distance however of some of them, and indispensible previous arrangements, may have retarded its commencement in some of its parts. The form of government thus provided having been considered but as temporary, and open to such future improvements as further information of the circumstances of our brethren there might suggest, it will of course be subject to your consideration.
In the district of Louisiana it has been thought best to adopt the division into subordinate districts which had been established under its former government. These being five in number, a commanding officer has been appointed to each, according to the provisions of the law, and so soon as they can be at their stations that district will also be in its due state of organization. In the mean time their places are supplied by the officers before commanding there, and the functions of the governor and judges of Indiana having commenced, the government, we presume, is proceeding in its new form. The lead mines in that district offer so rich a supply of that metal as to merit attention. The report now communicated will inform you of their state, and of the necessity of immediate enquiry into their occupation and titles.
With the Indian tribes established within our newly acquired limits, I have deemed it necessary to open conferences for the purpose of establishing a good understanding & neighbourly relations between us. So far as we have yet learned, we have reason to believe that their dispositions are generally favorable and friendly. And, with these dispositions on their part, we have in our own hands means which cannot fail us, for preserving their peace and friendship. By pursuing an uniform course of justice towards them, by aiding them in all their improvements which may better their condition, and especially by establishing a commerce on terms which shall be advantageous to them, and only not losing to us, and so regulated as that no incendiaries, of our own, or any other nation, may be permitted to disturb the natural effects of our just and friendly offices, we may render ourselves so necessary to their comfort and prosperity, that the protection of our citizens from their disorderly members will become their interest and voluntary care. Instead therefore of an augmentation of military force proportioned to our extension of frontier, I propose a moderate enlargement of the capital employed in that commerce as a more effectual, economical and humane instrument for preserving peace and good neighbourhood with them.
On this side the Mississippi an important relinquishment of native title has been received from the Delawares. That tribe, desiring to extinguish in their people the spirit of hunting, and to convert superfluous lands into the means of improving what they retain, has ceded to us all the country between the Wabash and Ohio, south of, and including the road from the Rapids towards Vincennes; for which they are to receive annuities in animals and implements for agriculture, and in other necessaries. This acquisition is important not only for its extent and fertility, but as, fronting three hundred miles on the Ohio, and near the country descending those rivers will no longer pass in review of the Indian frontier, but in a small portion; and, with the cession heretofore made by the Kaskaskias, nearly consolidates our possessions north of the Ohio, in a very respectable breadth from Lake Erie to the Mississippi. The Piankeshaws having some claim to the country ceded by the Delawares, it has been thought best to quiet that by fair purchase also. So soon as the treaties on this subject have received their constitutional sanction, they shall be laid before both houses.
The act of Congress of February 22, 1803, for building and employing a number of gun-boats, is now in a course of execution to the extent therein provided for. The obstacle to naval enterprise which vessels of this construction offer for our sea port towns, their utility towards supporting within our waters the authority of the laws, the promptness with which they will place in the moment they are wanting, the facility of their assembling from different parts of the coast to any point where they are required in greater force than ordinary, the economy of their maintenance, and preservation from decay when not in actual service, and the competence of our finances to this defensive provision which will have due weight with congress in deciding on the expediency of adding to their number from year to year, as experience shall test their utility, until all our important harbors, by these and auxiliary means, shall be secured against insult and opposition to the laws.
No circumstance has arisen since your last session which calls for any augmentation of our regular military force. Should any improvement occur in the militia system, that will be always seasonable.
Accounts of the receipts and expenditures of the last year, with estimates for the ensuing one will, as usual, be laid before you.
The state of our finances continues to fulfil our expectations. Eleven millions and an half of dollars re-cived in the course of the year ending on the 30th of September last, have enabled us, after meeting all the ordinary expenses of the year, to pay upwards of three millions six hundred thousand dollars of the public debt, exclusive of interest. This payment, with those of the two preceding years, has extinguished upwards of twelve millions of principal, and a greater sum of interest, within that period; and, by a proportionate diminution of interest, renders already sensible the effect of the growing sum yearly applicable to the discharge of principal.
It is also ascertained that the revenue accrued during the last year exceeds that of the preceding; and the probable receipts of the ensuing year, may safely be relied on as sufficient, with the sum already in the treasury to meet all the current demands of the year, to discharge engagements incurred under the British and French conventions, and to advance in the further redemption of the funded debt as rapidly as had been contemplated.
These, fellow-citizens, are the principal matters which I have thought it necessary at this time to communicate for your consideration and attention. Some others will be laid before you in the course of the session. But in the discharge of the great duties confided to you by our country, you will take a broader view of the field of culture, manufactures, commerce or navigation, within the pale of your constitutional powers, as aided in any of their relations? Where are they wanting? Whether those provided are actually what they should be? Whether any abuses take place in their administration or in that of the public revenues? Whether the organization of the public agents, or of the public force is perfect in all its parts? In fine, whether anything can be done to advance the general good?—are questions within the limits of your functions, which will necessarily occupy your attention. In these and all other matters, which you in your wisdom may propose for the good of our country, you may count with assurance on my hearty co-operation and faithful execution.
TH: JEFFERSON.
ELLIS & ALLAN,
WE have received, by the late arrivals from London & Liverpool, a very handsome assortment of GOODS, suitable to the season, which they will sell on moderate terms. November 14.

Sales at Auction.
At the Office of THOMAS TAYLOR & Co. on FRIDAY, the 16th instant; A BALE of SUPERFINE CLOTHS , damaged on board the ship Latona from Liverpool, and sold for the benefit of the Underwriters, and others concerned.—ALSO, 7 trunks Calicoes , 2 boxes Linen , 4 bales Cloths & Calicoes , And a variety of other goods. Terms will be made known at the time of sale. Nov. 14.
Sales at Auction.
Will be sold, to the highest bidder, on the premises, on Friday the 16th inst. A HALF acre LOT , known in the plan of the city by number 946—adjoining Shoemaker's Warehouse , and immediately in the direction through which the Locks will pass in communicating the water in the Basin with tide water. The situation is peculiarly favourable for mill seats, and there is on the premises a stable, used at present by the owner of the Petersburg stage, on rent. Terms of payment, sixty days credit, the purchaser giving an approved negotiable note. THOMAS TAYLOR & Co. Auctioneers. November 14.
Sales at Auction.
ON Monday the 19th inst. will be sold on the premises, to the highest bidder, Two handsome and well enclosed LOTS on Shoemaker's Hill immediately opposite to General Moffat's No. 633-652. Terms of Sale \frac{1}{2} Cash, \frac{1}{2} in sixty days & \frac{1}{2} in 4 Months. THOMAS TAYLOR & Co. V. M. November 14. (2t)
Sales at Auction.
Will be sold at the auction room of the subscribers on Tuesday next, the 20th inst. for the benefit of the underwriters: Two boxes IRISH LINENS, LONG LAWNS, & CAMBRICKS—Marked G. K. 169 167. Imported in the Little William , Capt. Baldry from Liverpool. THOMAS TAYLOR & Co. V. M. November 14. (ep2.)
MONTAGUE COPE AUSTIN.
IN pursuance of a Decree of his Majesty's Court of Exchequer, dated the 3d day of July 1804, made on the hearing of a certain cause there depending, in which James Raven is plaintiff and Daniel Sutton and others are defendants; whereby it is referred to Abel Moysey , Esq. the deputy to his Majesty's Remembrancer of the said court, to enquire whether Montague Cope Austin , in the pleadings of the said cause named (whose father was an attorney at Peterborough in the county of Northampton, and who was born there, and went first to school with a Clergyman of the name of Lloyd , at Ilkington , in the county of Middlesex, and from thence was removed to the Charter House; and who, in the year 1776 or 1777, entered as a common soldier on board a merchant ship then lying in the river Thames and bound to the West-Indies; and who, previous to his going to sea, when of the age of 15 years or thereabouts, resided at Durham in the county of Durham, and who it is supposed resided, about the year 1783, in the neighbourhood of James River in America,) is living or dead, and if dead, whether or not he died under the age of 21 years, and if he survived the age of 21 years, then in such case, who is the said Montague Cope Austin's heir at law.
NOTICE is hereby given, That the said Montague Cope Austin (if living) is peremptorily desired personally or by his solicitor to appear on or before the 1st day of April next, before the said Abel Moysey , and identify himself, or to send such information whereby he may be traced and identified. And if the said Montague Cope Austin be dead, such person or persons as claim to be his heir at law, are desired to come in before the said Abel Moysey , and prove the same, or to give information how they respectively make out and substantiate their claim—and any person or persons who can give information of the said Montague Cope Austin being living, or of his having died, and whether or not he attained his age of 21 years, and if he attained such age, who is or are his heir at law, are requested to give Notice thereof to the said Abel Moysey , at his chambers in the Exchequer Office , in the Inner Temple , London, or to THOMAS & AMOS LADD. Richmond, 11th mo. 14th. 1a3t
LANDS FOR SALE.
In the Genesee Country, State of New York. THE Subscriber having charge of part of the Valuable LANDS in the Genesee country, lately under the agency of Charles Williamson , Esq. now offers them for sale on moderate terms either to actual settlers, or to those who declining to settle on the lands themselves, are desirous of investing their monies for the future benefit of their families. The titles of these lands are indisputable. For terms apply to Mr. John H. Cope , at the proprietor's land office at Geneva , in the county of Ontario , in the State of New York , or to Mr. Sam. S. Haight at Bath , in the county of Seneca ; or to Mr. Frederick Fanning , at Preston , in the State of Connecticut —or to ROBERT TROUP. New York, June 5, 1804.
THE SUBSCRIBER
BEGS leave to inform his friends and the public in general, that he has removed to the house formerly occupied by Mr. John Key , Esq., on the cross street opposite the Bell Tavern , where he carries on his business; and he returns his thanks to a generous public for their encouragement in his line of business, and solicits their further patronage, as he will have their work done in the neatest and most fashionable manner, and by the shortest notice. WILLIAM WORD, TAYLOR. November 14. (eW2.)
NOTICE.
To be sold to the highest bidder, on the fourth Wednesday in December next, at Hanover Court-House. THE Stat whereon the subscriber now resides, containing between three and four hundred acres, of valuable farming land. This situation combines as many natural advantages, as most in the country. It is believed to be equally healthy with any in its vicinity; the neighbourhood opulent and agreeable, and navigation almost at the door. It is peculiarly adapted to a professional gentleman; being within twenty miles of the city of Richmond , six of the court-houses, two of Hanover town, six of New-Castle , and four of an excellent manufacturing mill. On this farm is a very spacious dwelling house (somewhat out of repair) but in tolerable good condition for the reception of a large and general family; a new kitchen almost finished, a large barn in very good repair, and a most excellent apple orchard, with a variety of other fine fruit.—The term of sale will be, one third of the purchase money paid on the day of sale; one third, on that day twelve months; and the other third in six months, from the period at which the second payment becomes due. The bonds to bear interest from the date, if not punctually paid, and a deed of trust on the land, to secure the payment of the two last installments. Any person who may wish to view the farm, will apply to the subscriber, or in his absence to Mr. Wm. Lang Jones , John Anderson , or Edward Huntley , who reside near the premises. BATHURST JONES. Hanover County, Nov. 14. (tdv.)
ENQUIRER.
RICHMOND: WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 14, 1804.
PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE.
THE communication of the President to both houses of Congress, will always form an interesting epoch in the political annals of the year. Whilst it develops the present state of the nation in its most important aspects, it serves to announce those events which may eminently tend to regulate its future destiny. At other periods of the year, we are obliged to trust to a varying and uncertain rumour for most of the information, which we may possess on the most important measures. The state of our financial resources and of our debt, the complicated & delicate relations that we may maintain with foreign powers, the military & naval arrangements which these may require, are never unveiled to us in any extent and with any degree of distinctness, until the official paper displays them to the eyes of the nation. The state of our country and many of the measures which produced it may indeed be shrewdly surmised; but it is not until this communication is publicly made, that the secret mechanism of these movements is truly displayed, or that these movements themselves are accurately ascertained. When the executive speaks to congress, 'tis true that we may be inclined to differ from him about the actual condition of our country, and we may object to the policy of his system which produced it; but we can scarcely venture to deny that we listen at least to the voice of truth.
The message which has just been delivered by the president to congress, is well entitled to the consideration of the most curious reader. It is certainly fraught with none of the embellishments of eloquence: the style of it, though generally neat, is uniformly plain: nor is there in it that interlocking and profound development of political principles by which his inaugural speech was so successfully brought home to our business and bosoms. The present occasion would not evidently demand the one, and did not certainly demand the other: but the enlightened friend of his country will be pleased to discover, that there is important intelligence enough in it to supply the place of the most bewitching eloquence, or the most profound philosophy. In the most unadorned language, and in the most direct manner, it presents us with a picture of our national affairs, particularly interesting at the present crisis of national expectation and prophetic fears.
This communication from the president will be acceptable to many readers, both from the silence which it observes on certain subjects, and the information which it conveys on others. He has not ventured to expatiate on any general system of policy, on the present state of the civilized world, on the result of the French revolution, nor has he presumed like Governor Trumbull , to draw a warning from the history of that nation, which he might with to hold up to our own consideration, nor has he attempted to show what has so strangely escaped this governor of Connecticut, that there is little analogy indeed between America and France, and that we may still continue to mature our Republican institutions, although the revolution of France has now terminated in a new despotism. All these topics he has very properly pretermitted. And the only remark which is offered upon the present relations of the two belligerent countries of Europe, is intended to show the influence which they have produced upon our own interests. This communication has been truly modelled upon the official standard laid down for him by the constitution: He has avoided all general and extraneous subjects, and he has contented himself with the plain but important office of giving "to congress information of the state of the union, and recommending to their consideration such measures as he (has judged) necessary and expedient." He has very wisely left to the nation, all those topics which the nation may be presumed equally competent to understand without his assistance; whilst he has expatiated upon those topics which have peculiarly come within the sphere of his official functions.
The present document is too important to be passed over without a few observations. Those which are offered at the present time, are intended not so much to analyse the nature of its contents as to supply some explanations which are omitted, or to suggest some of those topics, which may be expected to receive the attention of the present congress.
In noticing the conduct of the belligerent nations with respect to ourselves, the president observes that "peculiar causes" have increased the interruption of our commerce in the American seas. An allusion is here probably intended to be made to the present rebellion in St. Domingo, which has increased the suspicions, vigilance & privateers of the French and Spaniards; and to the blockade of Martinique and other French ports in the W. Indies, which has increased the precautions of the British ships of war, their searches and seizures of the American vessels. By the interruption which our trade has experienced "in our own harbors and jurisdiction" an allusion is made to the improper conduct of the French cruisers off the port of Charleston , and of the two British frigates off N. York .—The fact is also now ascertained, that our government has made the expected representations on this subject; and the effect of these remonstrances is considered as a matter of abstract probability, rather than of absolute certainty. Our executive has not therefore received any official intelligence of capt. Bradley of the Cambrian , having been superseded by captain Beresford , who is said to have lately arrived in this country for that purpose.—To protect our seamen from impressment and our harbors from a blockade, some effectual measures ought certainly to be adopted; and this will no doubt form one of the subjects, which will invite the attentive investigation of congress.
The President mentions in the next place, the commercial irregularities of persons in our own country; and here he no doubt makes an allusion to the contraband trade, which our merchants have carried on with the rebel ports of St. Domingo. In considering the propriety of this trade, two different circumstances deserve to be distinguished by a politician; the mere carrying on of this trade, and the arming of vessels in its defence. No man will be hardly enough to vindicate the assumption of this last privilege, by a private merchant. It is one of the laws of nations, founded upon the most obvious propriety that a vessel equip with arms, but not duly commissioned by some established government, deserves to be considered as a pirate; and that it is only an established government, which can confer the privilege of arming. The private vessel, which assumes to itself this power, not only puts itself out of the protection of the country to which it belongs, should it be captured on the high seas, but also subjects itself to confiscation and involves all the parties concerned in any punishment, which the police or that country may determine to annex to such an unauthorized proceeding. Thus far then have those American merchants violated the sacred sovereignty of our country, who have taken up
arms to protect their trade with St. Domingo; and thus far then can there be no difference of opinion, among men, who have supported very different theories on the other question, which has been suggested: the question, whether the American merchants had a right to carry on this trade, provided they did not take up arms in its defence, and whether if they had been captured in the prosecution of this trade, they had not a right to appeal to their own government for the fullest indemnification? Those who support the affirmative side of this question, assert, that every trade to foreign countries is legal, if it be compatible with the stipulated relations of the two countries, until it has been forbidden by the government of the country, from which it is carried on: that no proclamation having been issued by the President of the U. States, to prohibit this trade with St. Domingo, it must still be considered by our merchants as completely authorized and sanctioned by the government, which had thus assumed to itself the protection of their commerce and the indemnification of their violated rights: that this indemnity must either be paid out of its own treasury, or it must be secured by negotiation and convention with France; & some of the advocates of this opinion even advanced the assertion, that this indemnity would be really due from France, because it had not formally announced to the U. States, the rebellious conduct of its colony, & had not thus furnished that government with an adequate reason for the issuing of its proclamation. Those who advocate the contrary opinion begin with observing, that no inhabitant of a country has any relations with another country, which his own government has not already preferred him; that he cannot be in a state of peace or of war with it, until his own government has already adopted the same state; that the American government not having recognized by treaty the rebellious sovereignty of St. Domingo must still consider that island as a colony of France; that the governor general of Gaudaloupe having proclaimed the rebellious condition of that island to all the world, had thus prohibited the American merchant from maintaining a commercial intercourse with it; that this trade had thus been rendered contraband in the same manner as a blockade port, and that the merchant who lost his vessel in attempting to enter one of its ports, had no greater claim to indemnity from his own government, than the merchant whose vessel attempts to enter a blockade port, notwithstanding a formal proclamation had not been issued by the President.
It is probable however that no case of this kind will be agitated on the present occasion, as it is probable, that all the vessels which were seized by any of the rebellious ports of St. Domingo, had taken up arms in their own defence. It is to prevent this unauthorized proceeding, that the President invites the attention of congress: and this will no doubt form another subject for their attentive investigation.
On that subject which has so long and so deeply interested the public mind, little light is shed by the present communication. The issue of our negotiations with Spain, and the terms which have been mutually proposed by the two nations, are not clearly illustrated. It would appear, however, that the difficulty of adjusting our differences, and the points of negotiation were more numerous, than most of our politicians had anticipated. Besides the negotiation for that tract of country, which lies between the Mississippi and the Perdido rivers, it would appear that Spain had "urged objections against the validity of our title to Louisiana;" but these says the President, "have been withdrawn." It appears to be the opinion of Mr. Jefferson, that the refusal of Spain to ratify the indemnifying convention of 1802, had arisen not so much from the claims which we have advanced to the land on the E. of the Mississippi, as to a suspicion on the part of Spain that these claims were at once to be enforced without a previous discussion. The President expresses a hope, that they would return to the same "dispositions & views as to the whole subject which originally dictated the Convention ;" but he expresses no opinion as to the result of his negotiation about the boundaries of Louisiana. It is however probable that the negotiation has not yet been interrupted, and that Mr. Pinckney has not yet left the Court of Madrid.—Congress will no doubt sympathize with the nation, in their anxiety about the result; but they must wait until the affair has passed through the executive department, before they can exercise their constitutional privileges. Before this topic can become the object of their deliberation, they must pause, until it comes before them through the proper organ of exterior relations.
The plans of the executive relative to the war with Tripoli have received no additional illustration. The President indulges some hopes of its favorable termination from the sufferings which it will bring upon them, but he does not touch upon the expedients which he means to employ. We are neither informed of the nature of the terms, which Commodore Preble has already proposed, nor of the precise plans which the American squadron has been directed to pursue. It is probable that congress will wait the catastrophe of the present system before it will again resume the deliberation of this subject. The suggestion of the President may in the mean time induce them to organize among the officers of the fleet, or to obtain in Naples or some of the contiguous states, new courts of admiralty for the adjudication of all such prizes, as cannot encounter a voyage across the sea.
What are the requisitions advanced by the Bey of Tunis and whether the discontent which he feels from a rejection of them be likely to terminate in a war are still left open for the elucidation of the executive.
No mention is made of the apprehension which have been lately made of the pacific temper of the Emperor of Morocco. At present the same "intercourse" with him prevails which is established by treaty.
The President next turns his intention upon the American territory; and the first object which he brings before congress, is the organization of the new government of Louisiana. To this subject he invites their attention; and this no doubt is a subject, eminently entitled to the most mature deliberation. The memorial which will be presented by the deputation from Orleans will probably occupy a very interesting part of their discussion.
With regard to the Indian tribes living in this territory Mr. Jefferson proposes a humane and enlightened policy. The visit of the Oglala Indians to the Atlantic states has probably facilitated the introduction of this policy, and the travels of Major Lewis into their own country may fill further extend the relations of commerce and friendship. On this question congress is invited to deliberate: and it is probable
* A new opinion has been lately supported in an elaborate essay in the U. S. Gaz. that St. Domingo had as much right to regulate its trade as the government of France had to regulate its own trade, and that the American merchant had as much right to trade with her as with the last. Whatever be the truth of the principle itself the conclusion which is drawn from it, is evidently erroneous. The maxim stated in the text is the only one which is compatible with the sovereignty of a government.
that they will be assisted by new information from the executive department.
In the treaty with the Delaware Indians , the same system of enlightened policy is brought into operation. For the land which they have ceded to the United States they are not to receive spirits, or pernicious luxuries, but "animals and implements for agriculture."
No mention is made of the execution of two laws of the last congress: one, to extinguish the Indian claims S. of the Ohio, and the other, to exchange land in Louisiana, for land to the E. of the Mississippi.
The new system of naval defence will probably constitute another subject of deliberation before congress. Are gun-boats a successful instrument of defence? this is a question which the interests & anxiety of the nation call upon them to examine with care and impartiality.
There can be no friend to his country, who will not be delighted with a view of the financial arrangements of our treasury. Resources increasing and debt decreasing ; this is indeed a pleasing spectacle, to the man, who has cast an enquiring eye upon the finances of the European nations, and who has seen the needlessly or pernicious prodigality of their governments so strongly reflected in the poverty, oppression & misery of the people.
Besides these important subjects for deliberation congress will have others before them scarcely less interesting in their nature. Among these is the impeachment of Judge Chafe ; the state of the Yazoo claimants; and the extinguishment of the state Balances.
The author of the following observations is personally unacquainted with the qualities and actions of Mr. Burr . Like most of his countrymen, he has had no other means of contemplating the character of the Vice-President, than through the imperfect medium of the facts and suspicions which have been already unveiled to the public eye. The following view must therefore be inaccurate, and it may be unjust. He should as much as any man lament such an injustice; and he would go as far as any man to repair it. Should the contrary side of the medal ever be displayed; should Mr. Burr or any of his friends ever determine to enter into a satisfactory vindication of his conduct: the author of the succeeding sketch will not be the last man in the United States to delineate a different and more favourable picture.
AARON BURR
might have been beloved and respected by his countrymen, if he had not been desirous of acquiring a premature renown. He was rapidly rising in the estimation of the people; among the most distinguished politicians of his own state he had long maintained an equal or ascendant influence; and the lustre of his name was rapidly extending over the union. But his rising reputation did not correspond with his progressive ambition. A continued life of services might have perhaps entitled him to the most elevated office, which it was in the power of a grateful people to bestow: yet while there remained any higher honour to acquire, his quickening desires were unable to wait the tardy progress of events. A few years might have encircled his brow with the richest wreath of honour: but it was his deplorable destiny to attempt to snatch his laurels from the hand of time.
The nomination of Mr. Burr to the second office under the constitution, was zealously adopted by the republican party throughout the union. They were anxious to select some citizen from New-York, and Mr. Burr was seen among her most distinguished citizens. This sentiment was general; but it was not universal. Even at that time, there were a few men equally distinguished for their love of virtue and their knowledge of men, who ventured to suspect the qualifications of Mr. Burr . They had traced him in the recesses of his private life; and they thought they had discovered some lines in his character, which had excited their disapprobation and dread. It was not the sober and unassuming simplicity of Artifices , which met their eyes: They contemplated rather the polished accomplishments and the pernicious disposition of Albion . In one quality indeed this illustrious Athenian was evidently superior to the American. He had many vices to conceal; but he had the virtue to display them. Of Mr. Burr it had been remarked, that he had studied a system of continued concealment. There were few confidential bosoms in whom he would repose his most important designs, or most vivid sensations; and few were the occasions on which he would trust his reflections upon paper.
Such qualities wherever they exist, are well calculated to excite the suspicions and the fears of all: and those who imagined they had found them in Mr. Burr , were startled at the idea of raising him even to the second office in the union. His aspiring ambition seems however, to have grasped even at the first. The history of the last presidential election, is still enveloped in an impenetrable mystery. There are scenes in that political drama, which have not yet been developed, and which it may be well for the honour of our country should ever remain behind the concealment of the curtain.
But the part which Mr. Burr is said to have acted on that occasion, is fraught with the deepest duplicity and disgrace. If Mr. Burr did really intrigue with the federalists, the distrust of his own party has formed his merited punishment; if Mr. Burr is innocent, there are no terms in our language, which can adequately convey an idea of his wrongs. Is Mr. Burr then really an apostate? My own decided impression has ever been, that he is.
With those men, who will contemplate the character of Mr. Burr in this precise attitude, I am willing to accord in the most profound disapprobation of his character. Let them shower down their most abundant anathemas upon the head of the political intriguer; and I will not murmur at the dispensation. And surely even his most inveterate enemies ought to be contented with this expert instrument of torture. Let the pencil of a Titian delineate, if it can, a more odious character under a virtuous republic, than that of a political apostate.—But I will not consent to offer up Mr. Burr as a victim to the offended manes of Mr. Hamilton . To indulge a party rancour or the federalist resentment, I will never consent to violate the most obvious maxims of common sense or common justice. I will not join in the war-whoop, that Mr. Burr is a murderer, and that his hands are stained with the blood of a fellow-citizen. Amidst the variety of these melancholy cases, which are passed over with impunity, only because they are so frequent in their recurrence, why (let me ask) is this particular case to be culled and held up as an odious exception? If Mr. Burr has violated the precepts of political morality, does that furnish any adequate proof that he has also neglected the maxims of a chivalrous honour?
By prosecuting such a system of rancorous persecution, the enemies of the Vice-President have forgotten that they become his most useful friends. When reformation is strained beyond the proper degree, or when a vicious character is confined for vices, which it does not really possess; what other emotion does it excite than the sympathy of every feeling mind? When this sensibility is once indulged, it destroys all nice discrimination of qualities. Like
the genius of the Muse, it "extends her mystic mantle to all the evils of his life," and the mind loses too much of its disapprobation for the vices of the victim, in sympathising with his unmerited misfortunes.
THE then is the plain catechism of the republican party: pity for the fate of Hamilton in introducing towards his antagonist; the most unyielding suspicion of the political apostate.
Should ever this imperfect sketch meet the eye of Mr. Burr , he knows little of the emotions of its author, if he should conceive him to indulge the resentments of a virulent and implacable foe. Penetrated as he is with a detestation of his political conduct, as that conduct appears to him at the present moment to be, he has not yet excluded from his bosom every sentiment of admiration and sympathy. He admires the courageous spirit that has hitherto displayed: He admires the almost inimicable ease and politeness of his manners, softened as they now are by the touches of adversity; and the endowments of his mind have not escaped his attention, nor have they failed to attract his reverence. He can truly say that the strongest sentiment which he is at this moment constrained to indulge, flows from the melancholy reflection that a man so highly gifted as Aaron Burr with such various and admirable accomplishments should have annihilated all his usefulness, and fulfilled his own honor by defending from such an elevated station, to mix in the pollution and abomination of political intrigue.
The Editor cannot but lament that the preceding portrait has not fallen into the hands of some more competent person to design; & that his own avocations have prevented him from giving it a more finished appearance.
The general result of the elections for representatives in Congress which have recently taken place is as follows:
   Rep. Fed.     Rhode-Island 2 0 no change.   N. Hampshire 0 5 no change.   Connecticut 0 7 no change.   Georgia 4 0 no change.   Kentucky 4 0 no change.   rep. gain. fed. gain.   Pennsylvania 17 1 1   Delaware 0 1 1   Maryland 7 2 1   N. Carolina 12 0 1   S. Carolina 6 0 2   54 16 2    [Nat. Int.
Vermont. —In two districts of this state there has been no choice made of representatives to the next congress—on the second trial, the republicans hope to carry their candidate in both. Mr. Olin a republican, has been elected in the third district by a majority of 431.—Mr. Chittenden , a federalist, has been chosen, in the fourth by a majority of 53 votes.
In the two districts in which no choice was made there were two or more republican candidates & one federal—the division, however, did not afford the federalists the success they expected. On the next trial the republicans will no doubt unite. Mr. Elliott and Mr. Fisk were the republican candidates having the highest number of votes in the districts, in which no choice was made; they will probably be elected.
The present year the republican general ticket has had an actual increase of 1000 votes.
Aurora.
Ohio. —The late election, for congress, state senate and house of representatives, has been warmly contested in the several counties of this state. If we are correctly informed, the elections in Ohio are held early in October as in Pennsylvania. There had been a remarkably strong federal opposition, but from every county, from which we have heard, the republicans have triumphed. A third party has arisen in Ohio, which has published an electoral ticket or President and Vice-President: nearly all the persons named upon it have been federalists, the remainder are of the quid description; yet this ticket is published as the "genuine republican ticket," and it is professed that the persons nominated will vote for Mr. Jefferson . At the last session of the Ohio assembly, however, its members nominated suitable persons as candidates for electors—meetings had been subsequently held throughout the state, and the nomination approved: we have, therefore, no apprehension of the result. It gives us infinite satisfaction to find that the republicans of Ohio so faithfully follow the example of their friends in Pennsylvania: they will always cherish the same principles.—[Aurora.]
THE GRAND LODGE OF VIRGINIA will meet in the Mason's Hall , in the city of Richmond , at 6 o'clock in the evening of Monday the 10th day of December next. W. H. FITZWHYLSOON, G. S. Nov. 14.
BANK OF VIRGINIA.
THE Stockholders are hereby notified, That the Second Instalment on their Shares will become due on Friday the 7th of December, when payment must be made at the Bank. J. BROCKENBROUGH, Cashier. Nov. 14. 3w
NEIL M'COULL has received his FALL SUPPLY OF DRY GOODS. Nov. 14. ept 1f
FOR SALE—at Roanoke.
THE LOT, and two story BRICK HOUSE, containing three tenements, which the subscriber purchased at the sale of George Nicholson , deceased. The lot is well situated for a warehouse, and the brick building for a bake-house, lumber-house, or Tobacco Factory. JOHN ELLIS. November 14. tf
THE subscriber is authorized to rent the house at Hay-Market now occupied by John Heath Esq. The house is large and convenient, and may be obtained on reasonable terms. Possession will be given on the first of December, when Mr. Heath's term expires. PHILIP N. NICHOLAS. November 14. [eP. tf.]
STRAYED or STOLEN.
FROM the Commons of this City on the 11th inst. two horses, one a likely bay about 8 years old with a remarkable hole on the left side of his neck occasioned perhaps by his being snagd there when a colt, there is also a small knot on one of his thighs (we believe his right) The other a black about 10 years old, is believed he had some white hairs in his forehead, though we are not certain, one of his shoulders has been hurt and is a little withered, which causes him sometimes to trot a little lame, they are both about 15 hands high, the bay was in fine order, and the black in tolerable good order, neither of them shod. Whoever will deliver the above horses to the subscribers or give information for that they may get them again, shall be liberally rewarded. THOMAS & AMOS LADD. Richmond, 11th Mo. 14, 1804.
BILLS OF LADING, SHIPKEEPER'S BLANKS, BLANK BONDS, &c. &c. FOR SALE AT THIS OFFICE. </

The following essay has already appeared in print, but in a publication which, I believe, few or none of your readers have had an opportunity of perusing. The remarks on the corruption of literature, and the innovations with respect to education, appear to me so judicious and appropriate, that I should with they were more widely diffused:—In my mind, no part of the civilized world do they apply with greater force than to some of these Southern States, particularly Virginia.
There are, I know, in this performance, many opinions maintained, that do not accord with the sentiments of the editor; but as I am well persuaded of his liberal cast of mind, I have no apprehension that, if in other respects worthy, a collision of sentiment will form any objection to its appearance in the Enquirer.
S. A. S. October, 1804.
IT is obvious to remark the change which has, within a few years, taken place in the opinions of a large proportion of mankind, relative to the important subject of Education. The spirit of innovation has been displayed in the introduction of school books, in new and almost magical modes of instructing, training, and accelerating the mind in its march towards perfection. The fashionable mode of cultivating the mind, converts it into a hot-bed; the growth is rapid, but hollow and destitute of flavour. Such artificial helps may produce a few tender, sickly plants, with here and there a blossom, but without vigour, without elasticity, without fruit, at once found and ripe. It has been fashionable to neglect and ridicule all classical learning, & particularly those studies which demand the steady and severe exercise of the intellectual powers. While men have been engaged in reforming abuses and correcting errors in ancient modes of instruction, they have deserted many things, which experience had proved useful and salutary, and devised plans, which if they could be reduced to practice, would tend to enervate and corrupt rather than invigorate and expand the mind. There seems to be a tendency among modern literati, to abandon those walks of learning, where Milton and Newton trod, and to wander about in quest of literary curiosities and scientific trifles. The connoisseurs in arts and sciences have increased to such a degree, have so regulated the public taste and opinion, that many disciplines of the old school have been compelled to conceal in a napkin, their important and valuable acquisitions. For such reasons, a late distinguished member of the Royal Society of London, forsook that "temple, where philosophy once reigned, and where Newton presided as her officiating minister."
The object of many books, professedly written on education, is to shorten labour, and avoid disgusting the pupil, by mincing and abridging whatever he may be pleased to learn. He is never to feel the restraints of authority, but from his own reflections on the importance and utility of learning, is to be stimulated to long and laborious exertion. Learning must first be reduced to pap, and the pupils gently invited to take a small portion of it during the intervals of their amusements.
This appears to be much the character of an elaborate treatise on "Practical Education," by Maria Edgeworth, and of the "Enquirer," by W. Godwin. In the former of these treatises, the study of Greek and Roman writers is decried, the general principles of grammar are to be taught by conversation, the mechanical principles of philosophy, by an instrument called the papagogen, and other branches of learning, by judiciously selecting toys. In short, the pupil, by gentle stimulations, is to be cheated into knowledge, and at the age of twenty be surprised (as unquestionably he will be) to find himself a man of learning. If parents are desirous that their children should become wits, they have only to observe the following prescription:—"Those who are desirous to make their pupils witty, must sacrifice some portion of their judgment to the acquisition of the talent of wit; they must allow their children to talk frequently at random. Among a multitude of hazardous observations, a happy hit is now and then made; for these happy hits, children who are to be made wits, should be praised; and they must acquire sufficient courage to speak from a cursory view of things; therefore mistakes they make from a superficial examination must not be pointed out to them. Their attention must be tamed to the comic, rather than to the serious side of things, and in all companies, they must be exercised in smart dialogue and repartee." Happily this author has given us no lessons in morals; but her reasons for omitting to inculcate chastity are a little odd:—"Chastity is so habitual and inherent in B—s, that all artificial recommendation of it would be unnecessary."
Novels, from their extensive circulation, the avidity with which they are read, and the deep impression which they make, become objects of attentive consideration. It is not my object to trace the progress and the improvement of fictitious writings, from the days of the Troubadours to the time of Goldsmith; but to make a few defultory remarks upon the character and tendency of modern novels. The propensity of the human mind to quit the tame realities of life, and ramble through the gay regions of hope and fancy, to fashion new scenes of happiness, and devise new modes of enjoyment, has been remarked by Lord Bacon as a proof of its high origin and noble capacities. This propensity, of course, has been gratified among all nations, in a manner suited to the taste, manners, habits and improvements of the age. Among modern civilized nations, the dominion of fancy has been circumscribed within the limits of probability, and novels have been supposed to present a picture, which bore some resemblance to real life. Richardson and Fielding define the most delicate shades of human character; and Goldsmith amuses, instructs and instructs us with probable narrative, simple incidents and natural situations. But the great mass of modern novels, exclusive of their immorality, "lead to bewilder, and dazzle to blind." Every object is dressed by the light fingers of fancy, and invested with a visionary character; wealth, the refined pleasures of taste, friendship and love, are the natural result of this ideal economy, which agreeably deludes us with a vague hope of a like unknown good, which accident or good fortune will one day throw in our way. Fact and experience are neglected, and expectation stands on tiptoe. We nourish desires which never can be gratified, and feed upon expected pleasures, which must one day give a keener edge to disappointment. Young girls who love to inhabit the little fairy world, which novelists love to create, are apt to return to this "dim spot, which men call earth," with restlessness and disgust. The standard of pleasures and virtues is not formed for a world, where disappointments and forrows intrude, but for those scenes—
Where all the pleasures are That fancy can best on youthful thought, When the fresh blood grows lively, and returns Brisk as the April buds in primrose season: Where love is constant and unabating, where friendship is disinterested and eternal, where dis-
appointment never comes but for the purpose of giving lustre to fortitude, & sorrows and afflictions are never admitted, unless they serve to display the virtues of patience and resignation with greater attractions. Suns always shine unless veiled with the watery clouds of May; brooks run tinkling through lawns, or brawling through woods, as best suits the disposition of circumstances:—Panies, violets, wild roses and flaunting woodbine, spread a couch at noon, or scent the zephyr's wing at evening; birds fill the woods with harmony, unless these happy beings choose
To walk unseen On the dry smooth-shaven green— And mark the boat wheeling on his dusky way. If it is proper to be a little melancholy, they must listen while
Rocking winds are piping loud; Or wander into the woods— Where the rude ax, with heavy stroke, Was never heard, the nymphs to daunt, Or fright them from their hallowed haunt.
In fine, they are never to suffer any inconvenience, trouble or woe, unless they choose it, for the sake of variety, or for the purpose of affording a few shades, to perfect the charming picture.
Will such extravagant views, such "sentimental frippery and cream," fit young persons to share with contentment and satisfaction the mingled portion of good which is allotted to this state; and to suffer with dignity and composure, in scenes, where no eye penetrates, & their only reward is the consciousness of doing their duty? Weeping over the distresses of a heroine, tends rather to blunt the sympathies of their nature, for the unadorned woes of real beings.—In their intercourse with society, they will find few exquisitely beautiful and lovely objects in circumstances of exquisite distress; but they have no tears, no charities for these, whose sorrows are not dressed to the relish of the most fickle sensibility.
But leaving this land of visions, we come to a class of fictitious writers, who, under the pretence of innocently amusing the imagination, of discriminating characters, or of reading moral lessons to the heart, directly or indirectly attack the institutions and maxims of well regulated society. Writers who corrupt the heart, by exciting unhallowed desires, and who are to be considered and treated as enemies of the most dangerous and deadly character. Among a thousand that might be mentioned, the "Monk" of Lewis abounds with blasphemy against the scriptures, with licentious imagery and voluptuous descriptions. He has endeavoured to systematize the arts of seduction, and to dispassionately every moral feeling, in the revelry of passion. While he enjoys the reputation of brilliant talents, he ought to remember, that they have been prostituted to the worst of purposes, and that the tears of those, whom his book has helped to ruin, will one day "scald his memory."
A posthumous novel by Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin, called the "Wrongs of Women, or Maria," which, according to Mr. Godwin's account, is to give a new impulse to the manners of the world, is contrived, with a series of incidents, to exemplify the degradation and slavery of women in the married state. Mary laboured long and diligently to improve the condition of her sex, in her vindication of their rights, in her novels and fugitive publications, and to all these she added the force of her own example. It appears from Mary's memoirs, that in her speculations she was sometimes original, and even audacious; she could not recollect the time when she believed the doctrine of future punishment. "The tenets of her system were the growth of her own moral taste, and her religion, therefore, had always been a gratification to her, never a terror." She expected a future state, but would not allow her ideas of that future state to be modified by the notions of judgment and retribution. In Mary's conduct too, there were some little eccentricities: or to express it in Mr. Godwin's best manner, some almost invisible deviations from moral perpendicularity. She had a Platonic affection for Mr. Fufeli; some arrangements with a certain Mr. Imlay, and a philosophical affair with Mr. Godwin. Notwithstanding all this, Mary was not perfectly happy; for twice she attempted to steal out of being, once by hemp or steel, and once in an orgasm of disgust, threw herself into the Thames.
The miscellaneous poetry of the present day, with some exceptions, to the readers of Shakespeare and Milton, is puerile and conceited. The querulous, woe-begone strains of Southey, Coleridge, Wordsworth, Lloyd and Co. exclusive of their sceptical character, tend to excite the restless and uneasy feelings of the mind, and render it discontented with the allotments of providence. Sometimes the tales of the nursery, of dressed up in baby-language, are thrown upon the world in expectation of praise and patronage. Some of their effusions are distinguished for the most unbounded benevolence. Mr. Coleridge, who has attained great celebrity among modern poets, has written an ode to the young foal of an ass; and in his pathetic address to this meek child of nature, he exclaims, "spite of the fool's scorn, I hail thee brother!"
It is a melancholy thought, that men can be found, who so strenuously endeavour to lessen that small portion of good which is allotted to this life, that they should employ those means which are eminently calculated to refine, insinuate, and elevate the mind, to effect its degradation and corruption. Yet, it is too well known, that, for the attainment of these objects, they have laboured with a perseverance unwearied as the wing of time, and with an appetite keen as the grave. They have explored every avenue to the human mind, and availed themselves of its weaknesses, its passions, and its prejudices. They have adopted themselves to the capacities of every class of men, to extend their influence and increase the number of their proselytes. Their principles have been diffused through the whole mass of human science, from sober treatises on morals and philosophy, down to penny sheets and ballads for the information of children.
In thus briefly tracing some of the corruptions of literature, I have no wish to depreciate the real and valuable improvements of the present day, but it is necessary, for the still further advancement of useful knowledge, that every production which has a tendency to delude the mind with idle speculations, to corrupt good manners, to vitiate the public taste, or lower the tone of public morals, should be seasonably detected and exposed.—A late celebrated writer has given it as his opinion, that literature, well or ill conducted, is the great engine by which all civilized states must ultimately be supported or overthrown. In this country, where every man is a reader, where just principles of morality and correct information involve the very existence of the present state of society, the motives to vigilance and activity are urged home to the bosoms of men, with the strong pressure of necessity. From such considerations it is to be hoped, that those who are just entering the vestibule of the temple of learning, will be engaged in the support of its ancient and venerable foundation, and in the preservation of its proportions and orders. By an habitual acquaintance with the ancient classical writers, the most per-
fect models of fine writing, we may form ourselves to the perception and relish of all that is manly, just, and beautiful in composition, and retard the progress of the obscure and conceited manner so prevalent among modern writers. If we are satisfied with the philosophy of Newton as explained, illustrated, and improved by his noble disciples, if we direct our efforts to those objects which lie within the reach of the human faculties, we may keep ourselves unspotted from the pestilence of philosophism, and render some service to the country in which we live. And while our literary labours and researches are guided by that system of virtue which man's wisdom has not devised, let us ever remember, that there never was a time in which it was more necessary to prove all things, and to hold fast that which is good.
MISCELLANEOUS.
SCHENECTADY, OCTOBER 19.
UNION COLLEGE.
We are happy to have it in our power to inform the public, that all the material parts of the College Edifice and out-houses are so far completed, that the students have removed into the rooms assigned them; that commons are opened, and that every thing relating to the institution is assuming a new appearance. On Tuesday the 9th inst. the President entered on the duties of his office—and delivered to the Young Gentlemen, members of the College, an appropriate address. We have obtained extracts for this day's paper from the same, that the public may be the better enabled to judge of the present situation of the institution, & of the system of instruction and government now to be carried into operation.
"Entering on the duties which now devolve on me, I avail myself of the earliest opportunity of addressing to you, young gentlemen, who are so deeply interested in the welfare of this institution, a few observations."
It is impossible to stand in this place, without feeling mingled emotions of joy and sorrow. Most sincerely do I deplore the untimely removal of those excellent and venerable men who have preceded me; most sincerely do I deplore that series of unpropitious events which have impeded the exertions of your instructors, and prevented them from carrying into effect that most excellent system of education which the board of Trustees have wisely adopted.
Hitherto you have experienced great inconveniences from your dispersed situation, as well as from the frequent changes which have taken place among the officers of instruction. The period has however at length arrived, when the buildings are so far completed, that the whole of the business of College, may be brought within its walls; and the system of education and government, prescribed by the laws, be carried into full effect. From this time you are to consider the edifice in which you are now assembled as your home. The present is the commencement of a new era in this institution, and I pray God it may be a happy one. That this may be the case, no exertions on our part will be wanting; and we trust that none will be on yours. In an institution of this kind, especially when students reside under the same roof and eat at the same table, you all must be sensible of the necessity of subordination, of system.—You must be also sensible of the necessity of observing the most strict decorum, sobriety, and politeness, in every part of the College edifice—in the chapel—in the dining-hall—in every apartment and in all the detail of the business of the College.
The laws are in your hands, which prescribe your duty. In framing those laws, the trustees had your good in view as the object. The fame object, we trust, will be kept in view by us, whose duty it is to execute them. You must expect discipline to be maintained with punctilious exactness, with scrupulous uniformity. Not indeed the discipline of a tyrant, who delights in error, and is pleased with occasions for punishment, but of a parent whose watchfulness springs from affection, and whose chastisements are prompted and tempered by love.
To your advancement in science and your improvement in morals, will be directed our exertions and our prayers. We know that perfection is not in man; we shall not therefore expect perfection in you. The restraints, however, which the laws of College impose, and the duties they enjoin, are obvious—they are reasonable—they are indispensable—they must be invariably attended to.
Your own good sense, the love you bear your parents, the desire of rising to future eminence, and above all, the happiness which springs from the approbation of conscience and of God, will, we hope, induce you all to be decorous in your manners, circumspect in your morals, and diligent and ardent in your collegiate pursuits. But should there be any, who regardless of these noble motives and irrevocable reproof, pursue a contrary conduct, we shall lament the depravity of such individuals, and instantly remove them from this College, as unworthy to participate in its advantages, or to enjoy the honour of being your companions.
In the execution of laws, which have our own good exclusively in view, we flatter ourselves, you will acquiesce, with that submission not only which is your duty, but with that cheerful complacency also which springs from a virtuous mind; from minds emulous of praise—of usefulness—of virtue. It is of great importance that your minds should be deeply impressed with the idea, that to preserve order, discipline and diligence is your own interest as well as ours. You are not to suppose that the interest of the governors and governed are opposite—that it is your privilege to transgress the laws, and ours to detect and punish transgressors. This is not the case. It is your duty as well as interest to respect and obey the laws. Your relation to this institution, the claims which your country has on you, as well as the word of God, which enjoins submission for conscience sake, bind you to this.
If Union College flourish—if its laws are obeyed, if its youth furnish an example of sobriety, decorum and diligence, the honour is yours; if otherwise yours is the disgrace, and yours the injury. One principal object in the system now to be adopted, is to secure the young gentlemen, who are pursuing their education in this institution, from the interruptions and temptations which must result from a too free intercourse with the city.
The laws on this subject now to take effect, are strict, and we pledge ourselves to you, and to the public for the punctilious execution of those laws.
The present is the time for you to acquire knowledge, and not to indulge in indolence and pleasure. Exercise is indeed necessary, and we recommend to you the introduction of those manly and athletic sports within the College yard, which are calculated to give tone to the system and add force and vigor to the constitution.
To facilitate your progress in the learned languages and in the practical branches of the mathematics, you will, as soon as rooms are fitted up for that purpose, spend the time devoted to
those studies with your instructors, who will continue with you the whole of study hours, the witnesses of your diligence and the expositors of your difficulties.
In studying the learned languages, the use of translations will be altogether prohibited; and the student will hereafter, be required to hand a written translation of the whole or such parts of his lesson as he shall be directed. The defects of which will be pointed out to the class by the professor.
To secure the more certain execution of that system which cannot fail to recommend itself to the public—for furnish your parents and guardians with greater security for your manners, your education and your morals—I shall myself (as will all the other officers of instruction) reside with you, in the College edifice, eat with you at the same table, and consider you at once my pupils and my family.
I need not tell you, that a due improvement of the present opportunity is of vast importance. To you young gentlemen, every moment as it flies is precious—doubly precious. Youth is the season for preparation. The loss of youth, therefore, is more than the loss of time.
Your present conduct is entangling itself upon your future character. A few days will terminate your collegiate life—a few days will present you actors on the great theatre of the world. The part you are there to act, in human probability, depends much on your attainments here. To know what you will be, you have only to ask what you are. In proportion as you wish to excel in after life, in the same proportion be emulous to excel now. Learning and virtue are the way to greatness. Your country is looking to you for statesmen to advocate her rights in the senate—for judges to administer justice in her courts—The church is looking to you for defenders of her faith, and for ministers to wait in the temple of her God. Your parents feel an interest deep and abiding in your welfare, and are waiting with solicitude the issue of your education. Did you need higher motives to diligence, to circumspection, to virtue, they may be derived from the mandates of that God, who will judge you, and the realities of that eternity which awaits you."
LONDON PARAGRAPHS.
Public curiosity was again highly gratified on Monday last by a repetition of Mr. Hardie's interesting Lecture upon his Hypothesis of the Electric and Galvanic Fluids, at his Lecture room, No. 37, Somerset-street, Portman square, when the surprising effects of the Galvanic influence upon the muscular and nervous System were evinced by exciting the actions of crawling, kicking, leaping, &c. in the detached limbs of dissected animals. The functions of smelling, biting, chewing, swallowing, winking, and other voluntary motions, were induced in the head of a large animal, long after separation from the body. The effects of inanimate matter were demonstrated in the formation and decomposition of water; combustion of different substances; deflagration of gold and other metals; productions of gases and disengagement of the most brilliant light that human art has ever been able to produce.—The lecture concluded with observations upon the best method of applying the Galvanic Fluid, in cases of Gout, Rheumatism, Deafness, and other disorders, in which it has been found essentially serviceable.
Anthony Niedermayer, of Ratisbon in Germany, has invented a new method of multiplying copies of musical notes or of drawings. This method unites with great accuracy and neatness the advantage of a very small expense. With ink prepared for the purpose, he writes the notes on tables of marble, or draws any design upon them.—As soon as the next original is copied, he takes impressions of it, which are perfectly exact, and a beautiful black colour.—The tablets will furnish several thousands of copies without any alteration.—This method saves a great deal of trouble, and a great number of tools, &c.—The copies are taken off as fast as in printing from copper plates.
A rail way upon a new construction (the rail being made oval and the rim of the carriage concave to fit it) has been laid down at Penhryn, Carnarvonshire, two miles and a quarter in length, and divided into five stages.—It has 3 eighths of an inch fall in a yard, with three inches; was begun in Oct. 1800, and finished in July, 1801.—On this rail-way two horses will draw twenty-four wagons one stage six times a day, and carry twenty-four tons each journey, that is 144 tons per day; a quantity which used to employ 144 carts and 400 horses, so that 40 horses will by means of his improved rail-way, do the work of 400.
BIRMINGHAM THEATRICALS. (FROM A CORRESPONDENT.)
I was induced, on Monday night, to visit the Theatre, in consequence of hearing the fame of young Refus founded far and near. Mr. Hill, with an eye to the main chance, engaged him to perform the part of Hamlet for his benefit, for which service he gave him 20 guineas. The Theatre was crowded in every part, and hundreds were obliged to retire without seeing him. The receipts amounted to upwards of 240l.
The character of Hamlet is one which calls for the utmost exertions of the performer, and in which it is requisite no mean share of ability should be displayed. I must confess, "feeling what I have been" in London, and considering the youth of the candidate for fame, I went rather prejudiced; I was too well acquainted with common report, not to know, that it sometimes partook of the traveller's talent and would lie on the wrong side of truth. How agreeably surprised must I have been to find, that in this instance, the lad been no niggard of her praises. I must confess that I was astonished with the young Refus 's performance. He entered fully into the character. His conception of it was beyond what it could be possible to conceive in a boy not thirteen years old. He is the Child of Nature. He plays it from his own judgment, which, although to say, seems already matured. The new beauties he struck out charmed the audience, who testified their sense of his uncommon merits by loud and repeated applause. His figure is very elegant, his attitudes appropriately corrected, his voice full and rather powerful, possessing a sweetness which is rarely to be met with on the stage. In his performance of the character his nice discrimination was apparent throughout every scene. In that where he discovers the intentions of the Court sycophants ( Reynaldo and Guildenstern ) he was very great. In the interview with his mother, he touched her soul to the quick. And here it may be necessary, indeed it is an act of public justice, to notice Miss Morton, who played the Queen Mother in such an interesting manner, as failed not to give it an importance which it never before possessed in the play. The folloquys were given with a nice attention to correctness; the expression of countenance which he evinced in giving effect to the meaning of the immortal Bard, was such as to entitle him to be considered as a model of perfection. I should still columns with his praise were I to enter into an analysis of his performance, which, to sum up in the most correct terms, is sufficient to leave criticism far behind.
The young Refus , whose real name is WILLIAM HENRY WEST BETT, was born on the 13th of September, 1791, at Shrewsbury, of very respectable parents. His general deportment is that of a well educated boy, much used to genteel life. His mother
who is with him here, is an elegant and accomplished woman. His share of the receipts of the house last week was 96l.
PRESERVATION FROM DROWNING.
A new machine to effect this purpose was tried a few days ago, on the Thames. At noon, six persons, whose previous had the machines girded on, leaped out of boats opposite Parliament Stairs, and afforded a very curious sight, the body being in a perpendicular position, the head and the upper part of the shoulders only appearing above the water. In this state, their limbs being at perfect liberty, they went down with the tide through Westminster Bridge, until they passed Strand Lane, then came abreast of the Temple, where they again put off, with no other trouble than a trifling storage with their hands. The machine is composed of eight divisions of strong sheet copper, soldered and japanned, on the principle of the balls used to float on ciphers; these are connected by straps, and when the machine is put on, the lower girt fastens round the chest; from thence it is rolled up over the head, and no higher than the arms; from the upper part straps go over the shoulders and are secured to the girt round the chest.
HUMAN TEETH.
It has long been known that strong acids are greatly injurious to the teeth; and a recent analysis has established, that the enamel of them will readily dissolve in, from six to eight times its weight of nitric acid. The enamel is composed of 78 parts of phosphate of lime and six of carbonate of lime out of every hundred parts, the remainder is left in carbonization. The teeth of an adult weigh on average 100 grains, 64 grains phosphate of lime, six of carbonate of lime, and 30 of gelatine. The shedding teeth of children have two grains less of phosphate of lime, and their specific gravity is less. The rest or bone of the tooth has 62 parts lime in 100, and although not immediately affected by acids as the enamel, which is 84 parts of lime, yet its decomposition is no less certain.
A tooth thrown into eight times its weight of sulphuric acid, will in an hour throw up small bubbles, the acid becoming blackened, and in twelve hours the enamel wholly separated. Nitric and muriatic acids act in a similar manner on the teeth, accompanied with an evolution of a quantity of small air bubbles from the whole of the surface. About eight times their weight of these acids are sufficient for the dissolution of the solidifying principles of the teeth. The nails left undissolved bear nearly the original form of the tooth, is flexible, semitransparent, and easily divided by the nail. Distilled vinegar, when concentrated, acts both on the phosphate and carbonate of lime.
The phosphate of lime, which, as we have already stated, constitutes 78 parts in 100 of the enamel of teeth, is soluble in the nitric acid, and if mechanically suspended in water, it is speedily and completely dissolved by holding a copious stream of carbonic acid gas through it. Pure carbonate should be extremely cautious in the use of acids, especially when blended with sweeters, and should avoid such acids as by strong acidulous preparations, quickly vitrify the teeth, as is so doing it injures the enamel.
The committee of French Literati, employed in preparing the great work on Egypt, the result of all the researches made during Bonaparte's expedition to that country, have lately made a report on their progress to the minister of the home department. There are already a hundred copper plates engraved, of which 42 are ancient Egyptian monuments, 9 Egyptian hieroglyphics, 11 new Egyptian structures, and 28 relative to the natural history of that country. One hundred and sixty copper plates are at present engraving, among which are a number of statues inscriptions, and other lesser remains of antiquity.
A GREAT BARGAIN.
THE subscribers are authorized to sell by private sale, on liberal terms, and if not disposed of by the several Monday in December ensuing, will on that day, at the Bank Tavern, in the City of Richmond, publicly be sold at public auction, without reserve, for cash, the moiety of a valuable TRACT or LAND, containing 1080 acres, in Spotsylvania county, within twenty miles of Fredericksburg. The tract is commonly known by the name of Gurnett's and contains the lands of John Kenney, John Mitchell, Thomas Tolson, and others. The moiety is that part except the town of Fredericksburg.
ALSO—Two hundred acres LAND lying in Fluvanna county, adjoining the Lands of H. S. Stone, Richard Watt, and John Manly, which we will dispose of on the same terms on the same terms of the above.
PROSSER & MONCURE, v. m. September 22. [2am 14]
PROPOSALS,
BY RITCHIE & WORSLEY & AUGUSTINE DAVIS, For Publishing by Subscription,
THE DEBATES AND OTHER PROCEEDINGS OF THE VIRGINIA CONVENTION, ON THE ADOPTION OF THE FEDERAL CONSTITUTION.
ON the advantages of a work, whose character is so well established, as that of the Debates of the Virginia Convention, it would be useless to expatiate. A work which gives the most comprehensive account extant, of the proceedings and arguments on the adoption of the present Constitution of the United States, certainly needs not the passing tribute of the mere mechanical Editor. If the reputation of a book which is so frequently mentioned has not already anticipated these encomiums, such a character, often merited, and always partial, can scarcely be expected to bring it into notice. If the merits of the work have been already appreciated, the encomiums of the Editor will be surely unnecessary.
The Debates of the Virginia Convention are completely out of print. No more than 1500 copies of the first edition were ever published; and not more than one edition has ever appeared. Hence it is that the demand for this work has scarcely ever been supplied; and it is hence that the present publishers have been induced to print a second edition.
Several mistakes, which had crept into the former edition, will be corrected: the speeches will sometimes be disposed for a more satisfactory perusal, by distributing them into appropriate paragraphs; and the entire execution of the work will be in every respect more perfect.
CONDITIONS.
1. This work, which was divided into three volumes in the former edition, will now be compressed into one. 2. It will be printed with a new type, on very good paper, in the octavo form. 3. It will be bound in boards. An additional expense of 50 cents will be required for binding it in leather. 4. The price to subscribers will be three dollars, to be paid on the delivery of the copy. Non-subscribers will have to pay four dollars. 5. It is now in the press. The labor of two compositors and two pressmen is constantly employed upon it; and it may be expected to appear in February or March, 1805.
October 20.
Printing,
IN ALL ITS VARIETY, EXECUTED AT THE OFFICE of the ENQUIRER. BILLS OF LADING, SHERIFFS' BLANKS, BLANK BONDS, &c. &c. FOR SALE AT THIS OFFICE.