The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1809-08-01 00:00:00

The Enquirer.
VOL. 6.]
RICHMOND, TUESDAY, AUGUST 1, 1809.
[No. 24.]
PUBLISHED BY THOMAS RITCHIE, OPPOSITE THE GLOBE TAVERN, AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM, PAYABLE IN ADVANCE.
RICHMOND PRICES CURRENT.
   D. C.     TOBACCO, from 4 7   FLOUR—SUPERFINE, .. 5 50   DO. FINE, .. 4 50   CORN, PER BARREL, .. 2 50   WHEAT, .. 1 8   BACON, PER LB. .. 0 10   WHISKEY, PER GALLON, .. 0 44   BAR IRON, PER TON, .. 120 00   HEMP, PER TON, .. 180 00   PER LB. .. 25   WOOL, PER LB. .. 45  
This Day Published,
FROM THE OFFICE OF THE ENQUIRER, PRICE 56 CENTS: LETTERS ON THE SUBJECT OF THE CATHOLICS, TO MY BROTHER ABRAHAM, WHO LIVES IN THE COUNTRY. BY PETER PLYMLEY. FROM THE ELEVENTH LONDON EDITION.
Sold, also, at the Book-Stores of Messrs. Pleasants—Adams—and Jones.
A NEGLEANT ESTABLISHMENT FOR SALE.—The House and Tenement where the subscriber lately resided.
This tenement justly ranks amongst the first in this place, combining elegance, convenience, contiguity to the Capitol, and in the centre of a most agreeable neighbourhood.
For terms apply to Mr. Wm. Long who is fully authorised to contract for the same.
J. PENN. June 23  AN EXAMINATION of the YOUTH instructed at the subscriber's Academy, will take place on Tuesday and Wednesday next, (1st and 2d August)  The Young Gentlemen will be examined in the morning of each day, and the Young Ladies on Wednesday afternoon.  On Thursday, at half past nine, A. M. original Orations on interesting subjects will be delivered at the Capitol by four of the senior Students.  Parents, Guardians and in general, the friends of Juvenile instruction, are earnestly requested to attend.  N. B. The examination will be held at the Academy, and commence on each day at nine in the forenoon.  L. H. GIRARDIN.
LANDS FOR SALE.—The subscribers, at Jones in fact, for Col. John Simon Farley, and his sister, Mrs. Elizabeth Morson, residents in Great-Britain, offer for sale their remaining proportion of that valuable
TRACT OF LAND, In the county of Roanoke and state of North Carolina, called the Suckawton Estate. This land lying contiguous to one of the branches of Roanoke River, and in the midst of a wealthy country, is represented to be of great fertility, and to unite so many advantages as to be worth the attention of the purchasers: it contains from 10 to 12,000 acres, and will be sold in one whole, or in distinct parcels, at the option of those who may wish to buy; for which purpose it has been laid off in separate lots. A plot of the land is left in the possession of Wm. Edward Broadax, Esq. of Brunswic county, Virginia, who has purchased a part of it, and to whom, for more correct information as to its quality, situation and other advantages, purchasers are referred, as well as to Mr. Ira Ellis, who lives on the spot. Mr. Broadax will also make known the terms of sale, and any contract entered into with him for the purchase of the above land, or any part thereof, will be obligatory on ourselves, and our principals.
G. K. TAYLOR, JOHN DUNLOP, Petersburg, Va. July 28.
PASSAGE FOR LONDON. THE BRITISH PACKET SHIP PATRIOT, GROENING, Mathias Probst, Master; Will sail for London, on or about the 15th of next month, and can accommodate eight or ten passengers; she is a remarkably strong and well built ship, of about 300 tons, almost new, and has a roomy and elegant Cabin. Her cargo being engaged, apply for Passage only, to the Master on board, or to
NIELMEYER & VON KAPFF, Norfolk, July 28.
WANTED TO PURCHASE, two good house SERVANTS—one male, the other female;—for one or both, if well recommended, a liberal price will be paid in cash.—Apply to Messrs. Tompkins & Murray of Richmond, or to
JOHN DUNLOP, Petersburg, July 28.
FOR SALE, in the town of Cartersville, upon James River, Lots No. 6 and 24, being the same formerly owned by Messrs. Deanes—on the first is a good dwelling HOUSE, store and other improvements, and on the last, a good timber house. A credit of one, two, and three years will be given: Bonds with approved security, to bear interest from the date if not punctually paid, will be required—For further particulars, apply to Messrs. John & E. Cunningham, at Cartersville, who will show the premises, or to
JAMES & JOHN DUNLOP, Petersburg, July 28.
IN DEBT—In Goochland county court 20th March, 1809. James Camp, Plt against William Shepard Deft.
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD.—Ranged about twenty years, of middle size, stout & well set, very full face, her complexion tolerably dark, has a scar high on one side of her forehead, occasioned by a burn; and has a very good countenance. She went off on the first of May, and had on a calico gown with a running vine flower; she is well known in & about Richmond, was formerly the property of Mr. Thomas H. Prosser, near the Brook, and lived for some time with Mr. Fasbender, Watch-Maker, in this place. Whoever will bring her to the Subscriber, shall receive the above reward.
M. MARKS. P. S.—His place of residence, may be known, by applying to Mr. J. Lyon, Merchant, a few doors above the Market Bridge. M. M. July 28.
JOHN LE TELLIER—DENTIST.—(Nest door to Edmund Randolph's, near the Capitol,) has returned to Richmond, and will continue to practice, in the different branches of his profession, i. e. in setting artificial teeth, in the most approved manner: in restoring natural ones, to their proper elegance, without injuring their enamel. He plugs the cavities of such as are decayed: Likewise extracts those that are too far gone to be saved, in which operation, he makes use of Bruft's Patent Extracting Instruments, which takes the teeth out without any possibility of fracturing the jaw or bruising the gums, & with much less pain than the instruments that are in general use.
He has DENTRIFICE, of a superior quality.
July 28.
IN DEBT.—At a quarterly sessions court held for Goochland county at the courthouse on Monday, the 20th day of March, 1809. L. N. & James Bramham, Plt against James Pace Deft.  This day came the plaintiffs by their attorney, and the defendant not being arrested on the pluries capias issued in this cause and not appearing to answer the plaintiff's action although solemnly called: Therefore on the motion of the plaintiff by his attorney it is ordered, that the said defendant do appear here on the third Monday in August next, and answer the plaintiff's action aforesaid, or that judgment will then be rendered against him in default of his appearance according to his specialty with interest and costs, and it is further ordered that this order be published at three successive court days at the door of the court house of this county, and also three times in the Virginia Gazette.  A Copy. Teste Wm. MILLER, C. C. C.
EUROPE.
EXTRACTS FROM LATE PAPERS. From the London Gazette Extraordinary, of Thursday, May 25.
DOWNING STREET, May 24. A despatch, of which the following is a copy, was received this evening from Lieut. General the right hon. Sir Arthur Wellesley, by Viscount Castlereagh, one of his majesty's principal Secretaries of State.  OPORTO, May 12. My Lord—I had the honor to apprize your Lordship, on the 7th inst. that I intended that the army should march on the 9th from Coimbra, to dispossess the enemy of Oporto. The advanced guard and the cavalry had marched on the 7th, and the whole halted on the 8th, to afford time for marshal Beresford, with his corps, to arrive upon the Upper Douro.  The infantry of the army was forced into three divisions for this expedition, of which two, the advanced guard, consisting of the Hanoverian Legion and Brigadier Gen. R. Stewart's brigade, with a brigade of 6 pounders, and a brigade of three pounders under Lieut. Gen. Paget, and the cavalry, under Lieut. Gen. Payne, and the brigade of guards, Brigadier General Campbell's and Brigadier General ... brigades of infantry, with a brigade of six pounders, under Lieut. Gen. Sherbrooke, moved by the high road from Coimbra to Oporto, and one composed of Major General Hill's and Brigadier Gen. Cameron's brigade of infantry, and a brigade of six pounders, under the command of Major Gen. Hill, by the road from Coimbra to Aveiro.
On the 10th, in the morning, before day-light, the cavalry and advanced guard crossed the Vouga, with the intention to surprise and cut off four regiments of French cavalry and a battalion of infantry and artillery, cantoned in Abargarria Nova and the neighboring villages, about eight miles from that river, in the last of which we failed; but the superiority of the British cavalry was evident throughout the day: we took many prisoners and their cannon from them, and the advanced guard took up the position of Oliveira.
On the same day Major Gen. Hill, who had embarked at Aveiro on the evening of the 9th, arrived at Ovar, in the rear of the enemy's right; and the head of Lieut. Gen. Sherbrooke's division passed the Vouga on the same evening.
On the 11th, the advanced guard and cavalry continued to move on the high road towards Oporto, with Major Gen. Hill's division, in a parallel road which leads to Oporto from Ovar.
On the arrival of the advanced guard at Vendas Novas, between Santo Redondo and Grisson, they fell in with the out posts of the enemy's advanced guard, consisting of about 4,000 infantry, and some squadrons of cavalry, strongly posted on the heights above Grisson, their front being covered by words and broken ground. The enemy's left flank was turned by a movement well executed by Maj. Gen. Murray, with Brigadier Gen. Langworth's brigade of the Hanoverian Legion, whilst the 16th Portuguese regiment of Brigadier Gen. R. Stewart's brigade attacked their right, and the riflemen of the 95th, and the flank companies of the 29th, 43d and 52d, of the same brigade, under Major Way, attacked the infantry in the woods and villages in the center.
(Signed) ARTHUR WELLESLLEY.
FIFTH BULLETIN FROM THE FRENCH ARMY.
From the Imperial Camp of Enns, 4th May 1809.  “On the first of May general Oudinot, after having made 1400 prisoners, penetrated beyond Ried, where he took 400 more, so that he this day took 1500 men without firing a single gun.  “The town of Braunau was a strong place of sufficient importance, since it commanded a river, which forms the frontier of Austria. In a spirit of inconsistency worthy this weak cabinet, it destroyed a fortress situated on a frontier where it might be of great utility, in order to build one at Comorn, in the midst of Germany.  “The emperor arrived at Ried at one in the morning, and Lambach at one in the afternoon of the same day.  “At Ried were found an establishment of eight sets of military ovens, and magazines containing 20,000 quintals of flour.  “The bridge of Lambach, on the Traun, had been cut by the enemy; it was re-established during the day.  “On the same day the Duke of Istria commanding the cavalry, and the Duke of Montebello, with the corps of Oudinot, entered Wels. In this town were found a bakery, 12 or 15,000 quintals of flour, and magazines of wine and brandy.  “The Duke of Dantzic, who arrived the 30th of April at Salzburg, instantly ordered one brigade to march towards Kussen, and another towards Reisdatt, in the direction of the Italian roads. His advanced guard, pursuing general Jellachich, forced him from the strong post at Colling.  “On the 1st of May, the head quarters of the Duke of Rivoli were at Scherding. Adjutant General Trinquier, commanding the advanced guard of the division of St. Cyr met at Reisdatt on the road to Neumark with the advanced guard of the enemy. The Württemberg light horse, the Baden dragoons, and three companies of Voltigeurs of the 4th regiment of the French line, as soon as they perceived the enemy, attacked him, and pursued him to Neumark. They killed 30 men, and took 300 prisoners.  “The Duke of Rivoli continued his march on the 2d, and arrived at Linz on the 3d. The Archduke Lewis and general Hiller, with the remains of their corps, reinforced by a reserve of grenadiers, and by all that the country could afford them, were before the Traun with 35,000 men; but menaced with being turned by the Duke of Montebello, they proceeded to Ebersberg, in order to pass the river.  “On the 2d the Duke of Istria and General Oudinot marched towards Ebersberg, & effected a junction with the Duke of Rivoli. They met the Austrian rear guard before Ebersberg. The intrepid battalions of the tirailleurs of the Po, and the Corsican tirailleurs, pursued the enemy, who was passing the bridge, drove into the river the cannon, waggons and from 8 to 900 men, and took in the town from 3 to 4000 men, whom the enemy had left there for its defence. General Claparede, whose advanced guard was these battalions, pursued them. He halted at Ebersberg, and found 30,000 Austrians occupying a superb position. The duke of Istria with his cavalry passed the bridge in order to support the division, and the Duke of Rivoli ordered his advanced guard to be strengthened by the main body of the army.  “The remains of the corps of Prince Lewis and general Hiller were lost without resource. In this extreme danger, the enemy set fire to the town, which was built of wood. The fire spread in an instant in every direction. The bridge was soon enveloped, and the flames seized the joists, which it was necessary to cut. Neither cavalry nor infantry were able to act; and the division of Claparede alone, with only four pieces of cannon, fought during three hours against 30,000 men. This battle of Ebersberg is one of the finest military occurrences, the memory of which can be preserved by history.  “The enemy seeing the division of Claparede cut off without any communication, advanced three times against it, and was always received and stopped by the bayonet. At length, after a labor of three hours, the flames were turned aside, and a passage opened. The general of division of Legrand, with the 26th light infantry and the 18th of the line, marched towards the castle, which the enemy had occupied with 800 men. The sappers broke into the doors, and the flames having reached the castle, all who were within perished there. Gen. Legrand afterwards marched to the assistance of Claparede's division. General Durosel, who advanced to the right shore, with 1000 horse, joined himself to him, and the enemy was obliged to retreat with great haste. On the first report of these events, the emperor had himself marched up the right shore, with the divisions of Nansouty and Molitor.  “The enemy, who retreated with the greatest rapidity, arrived at night at Enns, burnt the bridge, and continued his flight on the road to Vienna. His loss consists of 12,000 men, of which 7,500 are prisoners. We also possess four pieces of cannon and two standards.  “Cohorn, general of brigade, an officer of singular intrepidity, had his horse killed under him. Colonels Cardenan and Lendy were killed.  “A company of the Corsican battalion, pursuing the enemy in the woods, made alone 700 prisoners.  “During the affair of Ebersberg, the duke of Montebello arrived at Steyer, where he rebuilt the bridge which the enemy had cut.  “The emperor sleeps to day at Enns in the Castle of Prince Auerstberg; to morrow he will be in rebuilding the bridge.  “The deputies of the states of Upper Austria were presented to his majesty at his bivouac at Ebersberg.
SIXTH BULLETIN FROM THE FRENCH ARMY.
“St. PÖLTEN, May 9.  “The Prince of Ponte Corvo, who commands the 9th corps, composed in a great measure of the Saxon army, and which has marched near the Bohemian frontiers, spreading disquietude every where, has caused the Saxon general Gutschmidt to march to Egra. This general has been well received by the inhabitants, whom he has ordered to dismiss the Landwehr (militia.) On the 6th, the head quarters of the Prince of Ponte Corvo were at Ketz, between Bohemia and Ratibon.  “One Schill a sort of Robber, who was covered with crimes during the last campaign of Prussia, and who obtained the rank of col. has deserted from Berlin with his whole regiment; and repaired to Wirttemberg, on the Saxon frontier. He has envioned that town. Gen. Lestock has issued a proclamation against him as a deserter. This ridiculous movement was concerted with the party which wished to seed fire and blood through Germany.  “His Majesty has ordered the formation of a corps of observation of the Elbe, which will be commanded by the Duke of Walmyn, and composed of 60,000 men. The advanced guard is ordered to proceed to Hanau.  “The Duke of Montebello crossed the Inn at Steyer on the 4th, and arrived on the 5th at Amstetten, where he met the enemy's advanced guard. Col. Serr, Gen. of Brigade, caused the 20th regiment of horse chasseurs to charge a regiment of Uhlans, of whom 500 were taken. The young Lauriston, 18 years of age; and who but 6 months ago was a page, after a single combat, vanquished the Commander of the Uhlans, and took him prisoner. His Majesty has granted him the decoration of the Legion of Honor.  “On the 6th, the Duke of Montebello arrived at Melk, the Duke of Rivoli at Amstetten, and the Duke of Auerstadt at Linz.  “The remains of the corps of the Archduke Lewis and General Hiller quitted Saint Pölteu the 7th. Two thirds passed the Danube at Crems; they were pursued to Mauern, where the bridge was found broken: the other third took the direction of Vienna.  “On the 8th, the head quarters of the emperor were at St. Pölteu.  “The head quarters of the Duke of Montebello is to day at Sigartskirchen.  “The Duke of Dantzic is marching from Salzburg to Innsbruck, in order to attack in the rear the detachments which the enemy has still in the Tyrol, & which troubled the frontiers of Bavaria.  “In the cellars of the Abbey of Melk were found several thousand bottles of wine, which are very useful for the army. It is not till beyond Melk that the wine country begins.  “It follows from the accounts delivered in, that the army has found, since the passage of the Inn, in the different magazines of the enemy 40,000 quintals, 400,000 rations of biscuit, and some hundred thousand rations of bread. Austria had formed these magazines in order to march forward. They have been of great use to us.
SEVENTH BULLETIN FROM THE FRENCH ARMY.
VIENNA, May 13.  “On the 10th at nine of the morning, the Emperor appeared before the gates of Vienna, with the corps of Marshal Duke of Montebello. It was at the same hour, on the same day; and exactly one month after the Austrian army had passed the Inn, and the Emperor Francis II. had rendered himself guilty of a perjury, the signal of his ruin.  “On the 5th of May, the Archduke Maximilian, brother of the empress, a young prince, 26 years of age, presumptuous and without experience, of an ardent character, assumed the government of Vienna, and issued the annexed proclamations (No. 1, & No. 2.)  “It was generally reported in the country, that all the intrenchments which surrounded the capital were fortified, that redoubts had been raised, that entrenched camps had been formed, and that the city was determined to defend itself. The Emperor had a difficulty to believe, that a capital, so generously treated by the French army in 1805, and the good sense and wisdom of whose inhabitants are acknowledged, would be so fanatical as to resolve upon so mad an enterprise. He experienced, therefore, a sweet satisfaction when on approaching the immense suburbs of Vienna, he saw a numerous population of women, children and old men, run forward to meet the French army, and receive our soldiers as friends.  “Gen. Couroux traversed the suburbs, and Gen. Tharreau repaired to the esplanade which separates them from the city. At the instant he reached it, he was received by a discharge of musketry and cannon, and was slightly wounded.  “Of 500,000 inhabitants who compose the population of Vienna, the city, properly so called, which is surrounded by a bastion and counterscarp, scarcely contains 80,000 inhabitants and 1300 houses. The 8 quarters of the town, which have retained the name of suburbs, and are separated from the city by intrenchments, inclose more than 5000 houses, and are inhabited by more than 220,000 who draw their subsistence from the city, where are markets and shops.  “The Archduke Maximilian had caused registers to be opened for collecting the names of the inhabitants who were willing to defend themselves. Thirty individuals only inscribed their names, all the others refused with indignation. Defeated in his hopes, by the good sense of the people of Vienna, he collected 10 battalions of the militia (Landwehr) and ten battalions of the line, composing a force of from 15,000 to 16,000 men, & threw himself within the place.  “The Duke of Montebello sent him an Aid de Camp with a summons; but some butchers, and a few hardened fellows, satellites of the Archduke Maximilian, rushed upon the Parliamentaire, and one of them wounded him. The Archduke ordered the wretch who had committed this infamous action to be led in triumph through the city, mounted on the horse of the French officer, and surrounded by the militia.  “After this unheard of violation of the rights of nations, the horrid spectacle was seen of one part of the city drawing upon the other part, and citizens directing their arms against their fellow citizens.  “Gen. Andreossy, appointed Governor of the city, organised in each suburb a municipality, a central committee of provision, and a national guard, consisting of merchants, manufacturers, and the good citizens of every class, armed to repress proprietors, and evil

disposed persons ( pour contenir les propriétaires et les mauvais sujets .)
The Gov. Gen. caused a deputation of the 8 suburbs to repair to Schoenbrunn. The Emperor charged them to proceed to the city in order to carry the annexed letter (No. 3.) written by Maj. Gen. Prince of Neuchatel to the Archduke Maximilian. He recommended the deputies to represent to the Archduke, that if he continued to fire upon the suburbs, and if a single one of the inhabitants lost his life through his arms, this act of frenzy, this crime against the people, would forever break the bonds which attach subjects to their sovereigns.
The deputation entered the city on the 11th at ten of the forenoon, and their arrival was marked only by the redoubled fire from the ramparts. Fifteen inhabitants of the suburbs perished, and only two Frenchmen were killed.
The patience of the Emperor was wearied out. He proceeded with the Duke of Rivoli to the arm of the Danube which separates the Prater [the fashionable promenade of Vienna] and ordered two companies of Voltigeurs to occupy a small pavillon on the left bank, in order to cover the raising of a bridge. The battalion of grenadiers which defended the passage, was driven back by the Voltigeurs, and by the grapeshot of 15 pieces of artillery. At 8 of the evening the pavillon was occupied, and the materials of the bridge collected. Captain Portales, Aide-de-Camp of the Prince of Neuchatel, and Susaldi, Aide-de-Camp of General Boudet, were among the first to swim across the river in order to seek the boats on the opposite shore.
At 9 of the evening a battery of 20 obus- ses, raised by Generals Bertrand & Navalet, at 100 fathoms from the place, began the bombardment; 1800 obusses were shot in less than four hours, and soon the whole appeared to be in flames. One must have seen Vienna, its houses of eight or nine stories, its narrow streets and numerous population within so narrow a compass, in order to form an idea of the tumult, disorder and disasters which such an operation could not but occasion.
The Archduke Maximilian had, at one in the morning, caused two battalions to march in close column, in order to attempt retaking the pavillon, which covered the raising of the bridge. The two companies of voltigeurs received them with a discharge of musketry, which, with the 15 pieces of artillery from the right side, destroyed a part of the column, and forced them to fly in great disorder.
The Archduke lost all presence of mind in the midst of the bombardment, and espe- cially at the moment when he heard he had crossed an arm of the Danube, and were on the march to cut off his retreat. As feeble and weak as he had been rash and arrogant, he was the first to fly and recross the bridge. The respectable general O'Reilly learned only by the flight of the Archduke, that he was invested with the command.
Day break on the 12th announced to the advanced guard, that the firing would cease, and that a deputation was about to be sent to the emperor.
This deputation was presented to his majesty in the Park of Schoenbrunn.
His Majesty assured the Deputies of his protection. He expressed the pain which the inhuman conduct of their Sovereign had given him, who had not feared to deliver up his capital to all the calamities of war—who, himself striking a blow at his rights, instead of being the King and Father of his subjects, had evinced himself their enemy and tyrant. His Majesty assured them that Vienna should be treated with the same indul- gence and favor which had been displayed in 1805. The Deputation answered this as- surance by expressions of the most lively gratitude.
At nine of the morning the Duke of Ri- voli, with the divisions St. Cyr and Boehler, took possession of the Leopoldstadt.
During this time, Lieutenant General O'Reilly sent Lieutenant General de Vaux and Col. Belouette to treat for the capitula- tion of the place. The annexed capitula- tion was signed in the evening, and on the 13th, at six of the morning, the grenadiers of Oudinot's corps took possession.
CAPITULATION.
For the surrender of Vienna to the army of his Majesty, the Emperor of the French and King of Italy, Protector of the Rhenish Confederation.
It is agreed between the General of Divi- sion, Andreossy, Grand Officer of the Legi- on of Honor, and commandant of the Iron Crown, appointed by his Majesty the Em- peror and King; and the Baron De Vaux, Lieut. General and Colonel Belouette, in the name of Count O'Reilly, appointed by the town and garrison of Vienna.
Art. I. The garrison shall march out with the honors of war, carrying away their field pieces, arms, military chests, equipage, horses and property. The same right shall be allowed to the other corps or divisions in the town which may belong to the army. The troops shall be conveyed by the shortest way to the Austrian army, and be supplied on their route with provisions, forage, waggons, &c. free of expense.—Refused. The garri- son shall march out with the honors of war, and after having defiled, lay down their arms on the glacis, and surrender prisoners of war. The officers shall retain their property, and the soldiers their haversacks.
II. Reckoning from the signing of the ca- pitulation, the troops shall be allowed three days to evacuate the place.—Refused. The gate of Carinthia shall, to morrow the 13th, at eight in the morning, be opened to the troops of his majesty the Emperor and King. The garrison shall march out at nine o'clock.
III. All the sick and wounded, and the ne- cessary number of officers of health are re- commended to the generosity of his Majes- ty the Emperor of the French.—Granted.
IV. Every person of distinction, and par- ticularly every officer included in this capi- tulation, who, on account of important rea- sons, cannot leave the town, at the same time as the garrison, shall obtain a delay, and be at liberty at the expiration of that delay, to re-join his corps. Granted.
V. The inhabitants of all ranks shall be protected in their property, privileges, rights and liberties, as well as in the free exercise of their profession previous to the capitula- tion. Granted.
VI. The free exercise of religion shall be permitted. Granted.
VII. The wives and children of all per- sons belonging to the garrison, shall be at li- berty to remain in the place, and to retain their property, and that left behind by their husbands. When such women shall be sent for by their husbands, they shall have full li- berty either to leave the town or to proceed to any other place where they may choose to reside. Granted.
VIII. The military pensions shall continue to be paid to those to whom they are due, and all such persons shall be at liberty either to leave the town or to proceed to any other place where they may choose to reside.—Granted.
IX. The privileges of the persons employ- ed in the military administration, with re- spect to their property, departure or resi- dence, shall be the same as that of the gar- rison. Granted.
X. The individuals of the armed Burgher Corps shall participate in the privileges granted by Art. V. of this Capitulation.—Granted.
XI. The Military Academy, the Military Institution for the education of children of both sexes, the general and particular regu- lations made for the advantage of these in- stitutions, shall be maintained on their pre- sent footing, and placed under the protec- tion of the Emperor Napoleon. Granted.
XII. The chests, magazines and property of the magistrates of Vienna, those of the states of Lower Austria, and also those of the Hospitals, shall be preserved inviolate.—This is not a military subject.
XIII. Commissioners shall be appointed on each side for the exchange and execu- tion of the above articles of Capitulation.—These Commissioners shall determine the rights of the garrison, according to the fore- going articles. Granted.
XIV. Immediately on signing the above capitulation, an officer shall be allowed to proceed with a copy to the Emperor of Aus- tria, and another officer to the Archduke Charles, Generalissimo. Granted. With permission to Lieut. General O'Reilly to proceed himself to his sovereign.
XV. If any difficulty should arise, res- pecting the meaning of the above stipula- tions, the same shall be explained to the ad- vantage of the garrison and inhabitants of Vienna. Granted.
XVI. After the signing of this Capitula- tion, and the exchange of hostages, the Half-Moon of the Gate of Carinthia shall be delivered up to the troops of his Majes- ty the Emperor of the French; and the French troops shall not enter that place, un- til the Austrian troops have evacuated it. Refused.—Referred to Art. II.
(Signed) ANDREOSSY, DE VAUX and BELOUETTE.
EIGHTH BULLETIN.
Dutch papers have arrived, containing the eighth French Bulletin. This is dated Vien- na, May 16, and consists of mere abuse of the Austrian Government, without one word of news.
Davoust is on the north of the Danube, at Budweis. The French had advanced into Hungary as far as Regelshun; the Austrians are near Presburg.
TENTH BULLETIN.
EBERSDORFF, May 23.
After describing the form of the Danube at Ebersdorff, the Bulletin states, that on the night of the 20th, the Emperor crossed the Danube, accompanied by Berthier, Mas- sena, and Lasnes—they took a position on the 21st, on the left bank, the right wing was at the village of Elsing, and the left at Gros- sasperen. Both these villages were taken. At four in the afternoon, on the 21st, the enemy showed themselves, and attempted to drive our advanced guard into the river—Vain attempt!
The Duke of Rivoli was first attacked at Grossasperen, by Bellegarde—He manou- vered with Molitor's & Legrand's divisions, and rendered all their attacks abortive. The Duke of Montebello defended Elsing. The Duke of Istria covered the flanks with cavalry. The action was severe. The enemy having two hundred cannon & 90,000 men, being the remains of their ar- mies.
Gen. D'Espagne divided his corps into squares, but he was killed with a musket ball at the head of his troops, and general Foul- lers was also killed. Gen. Nansouty arrived in the evening on the field of battle, and dis- tinguished himself highly. At eight in the evening the battle ended, and we remained masters of the field. During the night Oud- inot's corps, Hillaire's division, and two brigades of cavalry, crossed from the right bank to the left. On the 21st, at four P. M. the Duke of Rivoli was engaged with the enemy, who made several successive attacks on the village; but Rivoli at last defeated them. The enemy occupying a large space between the right and the left wings, we took the resolution of penetrating their centre. The Duke of Montebello headed the charge. Oudinot was on the left, St. Hil- laire in the centre, and Boudet on the right. The centre of the enemy could not withstand us; in a moment all was overthrown.
The Duke of Istria made several fine charges. It seemed all over with the Austrian army, when at 7 in the morning an Aid-de- camp of the Emperor came to inform him that the rising of the Danube, had drifted a great number of trees and booms, which in consequence of the events at Vienna, had been cut down and laid on the bank, and that they had broken down the bridges which communicated from the right bank with the little island and with the island In- der Lobau.
All the reserve corps which were advanc- ing were upon the right bank, as also part of our heavy cavalry, and all Auerstadt's corps. In consequence of this shocking acci- dent the emperor resolved to stop the troops from advancing. He ordered the Duke of Montebello to stop on the field of battle, and take his position with the left wing against a curtain, which the Duke of Rivoli covered and his right wing at Elsing. The cannon, infantry and cartridges which belonged to our parks, could not be brought over. The enemy was in the greatest disorder just at the moment when he learnt our bridges had been broken down. The slackening of our fire, and the concentrating of our army, left him no doubt respecting the unforeseen ac- cident that had happened. All his cannon and artillery equipage were again brought in line, and from nine A. M. till seven P. M. he made the greatest efforts, supported by 200 cannon, to overthrow the French Army—but all his efforts turned only to his dis- comfiture. Three times he attacked the villages, and three times he killed them with his dead. The enemy resumed the position which they had left before the attack began, and we remained masters of the field of bat- tle. Their loss has been great. Prisoners who have been taken say, that they lost 23 Generals and 60 superior officers. Marshal Webber and 1300 prisoners are in our hands. Our loss has also been very considerable—1100 killed and 3000 wounded. The Duke of Montebello (Lasnes) was wounded by a cannon ball in the thigh on the 22d in the evening. General Hillaire is also wounded.
General Durosnel was killed. The waters of the Danube did not permit the bridge to be rebuilt during the night, and the Emperor ordered the army to pass the little arm from the left bank, and to take a position on the island of In- der Lobau. We are labouring to replace the bridges, and nothing will be undertaken till they are replaced.
[In addition to these particulars, a great part of the Bulletin consists of a sentimental description of the interview between Lasnes and Bonaparte, at a time when the Marshal's wound was thought to be mortal, in which, of course, the Duke of Montebello manifes- ted all possible heroism, & evinced the great- est readiness to die for his Emperor; and that the Emperor was melted into tears.]
The Bulletin has, however, other passages from which some inferences may be drawn as to the extent of the loss sustained by the French. Bonaparte, it is said, boasts that the retreat was well conducted, though 200 pieces of cannon were playing upon them, which they could not answer, during which, forty thousand rounds of shot were fired a- mongst them. Bonaparte promises to repair his loss, and declares his intention not to re- new the attack till his force is concentrated and better prepared.—He allows the Aus- trian army to have been well furnished and equipped on the occasion.
ELEVENTH BULLETIN.
This Bulletin is dated Ebersdorff, 24th May, and relates entirely to the operations in the Tyrol. The Duke of Dantzic is stat- ed to have entered Innsbruck on the 10th.
TWELFTH BULLETIN.
The twelfth bulletin is important only for enabling us to state, that on the 26th, Bon- aparte himself was at Ebersdorff, about two miles below Vienna, on the southern bank of the Danube; but his army, we suppose, remained in the Isle of In-der-Lobau, for no- thing is said to the contrary. He is mea- suring the height of the Danube with an im- mense chain, which the Austrians took from the Turks after the siege of Vienna. He speaks of the arrival of troops, and of every- thing, except of operations against the Aus- trians.
The Danube, he says, will continue to rise till the 15th of June.
THIRTEENTH BULLETIN OF THE FRENCH ARMY.
EBERSDORFF, May 28, 1809.
On the night of the 26th our bridges were carried away by the force of the waters, and mills which had been set afloat. We had not time to drive the piles and to fix the great iron chain. Our bridge is repaired, another will be to morrow. On the 27th we heard of the arrival of the army of Italy at Bruck. General Lantion has formed a junction with this army, not having heard from them for twelve days. The Viceroy, this campaign, has manifested a sang froid and a foresight which evince the great com- mander. Jellachich, who by his insolent pro-clamation to the Tyrolese so inflamed their passions, has had his whole corps destroyed. The archduke John, who wrote with such excessive presumption to the duke of Ragusa, evacuated Graz yesterday, scarcely carry- ing with him 20 or 25,000 men of the fine army that entered Italy—his arrogance has terminated in shame and infamy. The peo- ple of Italy accompanied our soldiers with tears and benedictions, and gave them every assistance. Their contempt and hatred of the archduke John were only equalled by their joy at our triumphal approach. Cer- tain papers showed that they bore a great love to the emperor, and would not accept offices under the Austrian government.
The regiments of Italy, who distinguished themselves in Poland, covered themselves with glory. This charming country is ra- pidly progressing to the most happy destinies. All the accounts from the Austrian army state their loss on the 21st and 22d, to have been enormous; the flower of the army perished. The wits of Vienna say that "Gen. Danube saved the Austrian army." Tyrol and Vol- temberg are subjugated. Carniola, Styria, Ca- rinthia, Salzbourg, Upper and Lower Aus- tria, are tranquillized and disarmed.
When Trieste was taken possession of, all English colonial produce was confiscated. Saving the Russian squadron was a circum- stance peculiarly gratifying to the emperor. The junction of the army of Dalmatia ap- proaches.
The brigand Schill, who truly gives him- self the title of general in the service of En- gland, who prostitutes the name of the King of Prussia as the satellites of England do that of Ferdinand, has been driven to an island in the Elbe. The King of Westphalia, be- sides 15,000 native troops, has one Dutch and one French division; add to this two divisions of a corps of observation under Ribaud and Despeaux, and Beaumont's 5000 cavalry, now disposable by the pacification of Swabia.
The destruction of forty mills which sup- plied the city of Vienna with bread, is evi- dence of the hatred of the princes of the house of Lorraine to that city!!
FOURTEENTH BULLETIN.
EBERSDORFF, June 1, 1809.
The bridges on the Danube are entirely rebuilt. They have added to them a flying bridge, and they are preparing all the ma- terials necessary for throwing over another bridge of rafts. Seven machines are driving piles; but the Danube being in several places 24 and 26 feet deep, much time is always taken up in fixing the anchors as the ma- chines are removed. The works however, are advancing, and will shortly be finished. The brigadier general of engineers, Li- zowski, is working on the left bank, on the head of a bridge which will be 1600 toises in extent, and will be covered with a good ditch, filled with running water.
The 44th crew of the flotilla of Boulogne, commanded by capt. Bastie, has arrived. A great number of boats cruise about the is- lands cover the bridge, and render a variety of services.
The battalion of navy workmen is employ- ed in making small armed vessels, which will serve to command the river perfectly.
After the defeat of the corps of Gen. Jella- chich, M. Mathieu, an officer attached to the army of Italy, was sent with a dragon- express on the road to Salzbourg; having met in succession with a column of 650 troops of the line, and a column of 2000 Landwehr who were wounded and straggling, sum- moned them to surrender, and they laid down their arms.
Lauriston, general of division, arrived at Oldenburg, the first county of Hungary, with a strong advanced guard. It appears that there is some commotion in Hungary, that the minds of the people are very much divided, and that the majority is not in favor of Austria.
Lascle, general of division, has his head
quarters opposite Presburg, and has advan- ced his posts to Altenburg, and near to Raab.
Three divisions of the army of Italy have arrived at Neustadt. The viceroy has been for two days at the head quarters of the em- peror.
Gen. Macdonald, commanders of a corps of the army of Italy, has entered Graz—They found in this capital of Styria, im- mense magazines of provisions and clothing, and equipments of every sort.
The Duke of Dantzic is at Lintz. The Prince of Ponte Corvo (Berthier) is march- ing for Vienna, with the Wirttembergers at St. Pölten, Mautern and Krems.
Tranquility prevails in the Tyrol. Cut off by the movements of the Duke of Dantz- ic and of the army of Italy, all the Austri- ans, who had imprudently engaged at this point, have been destroyed, partly by the Duke of Dantzic; and the rest, such as the corps of Jellachich, by the army of Italy.—Those who were in Styria had no other re- source but to attempt in parties to traverse Germany on their way to the Upper Palatinate. They formed a small column of Infan- try and cavalry who escaped from Lindau, and was met by Col. Reiset, of Gen. Beau- mont's corps of observation. The column was cut off at Neumarkt, and the whole bo- dy, officers and soldiers, laid down their arms.
Vienna is quiet; bread and wine are a- bundant, but meat, which this capital gets from the interior of Hungary, begins to grow scarce. Contrary to all reasons of policy & humanity, the enemy do every thing to starve their countrymen, and this city, which con- tains their wives and children. This con- duct is very different from that of our Hen- ry IV., who himself supplied an enemy city he was besieging.
The Duke of Montebello (Lasnes) died yesterday, at 5 o'clock in the morning.— Some time before the Emperor conversed an hour with him. His majesty sent by Gen. Rapp, his aid-de-camp, for Dr. Franc, one of the most celebrated physicians of Paris. His wounds were in good condition; but a destructive fever had made the most injuri- ous progress in a few hours. All the aid of the art was unavailing. His majesty or- dered the body of the Duke of Montebello to be embalmed and carried to France, to receive the honors due to his high rank and eminent services. Thus has departed one of the most distinguished soldiers that France has had. In the numerous battles he had been in, he had received 15 wounds. The Emperor has shown great sensibility on this loss, which will be felt by all Frenchmen.
FIFTEENTH BULLETIN.
EBERSDORFF, June 2.
The army of Dalmatia has gained the greatest success. It has defeated every thing that opposed it at Mont Kitza, Gradatz, Licka and Otaczatz. The commander in chief, Staskievich, was taken. The Duke of Ragusa arrived on the 26th [May] at Fiume, and formed a junction with the grand army, of which the army of Dalmatia was the right extreme. We will make known the relation of the duke of Ragusa on these events.
On the 28th, an English squadron of 4 ships of the line, 2 frigates, and a brig ap- peared before Trieste, with the intention of taking the Russian squadron. The general Count Cafferelli, had just arrived then. As the city had had no cannon, the Russians landed 24 thirty-sixes, and 16 twenty fours, and fixed them in battery, and immediately clapped springs on their cables. Every thing was prepared to receive the enemy, who having missed his aim retired. 1000 Aus- trians who had passed from Krems to the right bank of the Danube were defeated by the Wirttemberg corps, who made 60 pri- soners.
SIXTEENTH BULLETIN.
EBERSDORFF, June 4, 1809.
The enemy had thrown a division of nine thousand men on the right bank of the Da- nube, opposite Presburg, which was en- trenching in the village of Eugerau. The Duke of Auerstadt ordered the riflemen [tirailleurs] of Hesse Darmstadt, supported by the 12th of the line (infantry) to attack it yesterday. The village was soon carried.—A major, 8 officers of the reg. of Beaulieu (among them the grand son of that field mar- shall) and four hundred men were taken.—The rest of the regiment were killed, wound- ed or driven into the water. The remainder of the division, secured themselves in an is- land and until they could repass the river. The riflemen of Hesse Darmstadt fought well.
The Viceroy's head quarters are this day at Eidenburg.
The most valuable effects of the court have been removed from Buda to Peterawadin, whither the empress is retired.
The Duke of Ragusa is arrived at Lay- bach.
General Macdonald is master of Graz.— He is surrounding the citadel, which makes a show of resistance.
At the battle of Elsing the brigadier Fou- lers, being wounded, was thrown from his horse; and major general Durosnel, one of the emperor's aids, while carrying orders to a division of cuirassiers who were charging, was also thrown. We have the satisfaction of learning that these two generals and one hundred and fifty men that we supposed lost, are only wounded, and were found in the field, when the emperor gave orders to con- centrate between Elsing and Gross Aspern on hearing that the bridges of the Danube had given way.
The Danube is lowering; though from the continuation of the heats, a rise is feared.
From the army of the grand duchy of Warsaw.
After the capture of the bridge of Gora, the enemy having abandoned the right bank of the Vistula, the army under the command of prince Poniowski was divided into two columns; the first ascending the Vistula to Pulawy, the other marching to Kock; on the 14th Poniowski entered Lublin, and the next day marched towards Sandomir. Part of the army entered Pizeworski and cut off the communication between Lemberg and Cracow.
Gen. Roznieski with four hundred cava- lry took 710 prisoners, comprising a major, and 9 other officers; also sundry arms, shoes and clothing.
Poniowski succeeded in an attack on Sandomir which was strongly fortified. The enemy lost 1000 men killed, 1200 prisoners, twenty cannon and considerable stores—Poniowski's cavalry extending to Leopold is pushing on to Cracow. They have set free 3000 men who had been insisted by force.
On the 14th, Thorn was attacked. The tete-de-pont was not in a state of defence.—The garrison burnt that part of the bridge which communicated with it, and took posi- tion on the island. This movement was
made after an affair very destructive to the enemy, who not being able to pass the river, gave up the enterprise when he saw the good appearance of the City.
On the 15th the enemy under Plock at- tempted the passage of the Vistula, but were repulsed and obliged to burn their boats.
From the 16th to the 23d Gen. Dombrow- ski attacked the enemy between Bromberg and Czestochow and repulsed him with ef- fect before Bromberg, afforded full protec- tion to Czestochow and Thorn, and secured the communication of this latter place with Inovraclaw.
BALTIMORE, July 25.
By the politeness of a mercantile friend we have obtained Hamburg and Altona pa- pers to the 30th of May, by the arrival at this port yesterday of the Amphion, captain Bishop, which is the latest from the North of Europe. We have given a few extracts this day.—American.
Extract of a letter from a gentleman in Rotterdam to a mercantile house in this city.
"The war between Russia and Turkey has begun with the defeat of the latter and the taking of Ismail."
Extract of a letter from Hamburg, dated 20th May.
"Russia has declared war against Aus- tria. Major Schill, a Prussian, at the head of an army of 40 or 50,000 men, is endeav- oring to revolutionize king Jerome's King- dom. He has issued his proclamation offer- ing a reward of two marks for the King and protection to all that join him. The king of Prussia and Jerome have both offered a con- siderable reward for him, dead or alive. The Hamburgers are very much afraid, that he intends paying them a visit. He has laid them under contribution at Lubeck, Meck- lenburg, and is now at Rostock. Eight thou- sand troops are ordered to Hamburg to de- fend it against the little usurper."
From our Dutch Papers.
COPENHAGEN, May 23.
Information from Sweden to the 19th, has been received, mentioning a great many American arrivals at Gotterburg, which oc- casioned American produce to fall at once, more than 100 per cent; tobacco, for instance, fell from 28 shillings to 8. Several American vessels have been stopped by the English in the Categat, and sent for England, notwith- standing their clearances being for Swedish ports.
ST. PETERSBURG, May 3.
The American government having sent Mr. Short as minister to our court, on our part Count Fedor Petrovitz de Publen goes our Ambassador to the U. States.
At this period both embassies are thought to be remarkable and important, as the com- mercial relations between Russia and Ame- rica will be much improved, and as closer union of interests effected themselves.
General Duhesme writes from Barcelona on the 27th of April, that every thing is tranquil around him: that the arrival of Rear Admiral Cosmao, conveying, with five sail of the line, 25 vessels, bearing 50,000 quintals of corn, flour, roots and ammuni- tion, has spread joy among the city and gar- rison; that General Reding is dead of his wounds, and that with him has perished one of the bitterest enemies of the French. The promptitude of the expedition, with which Rear Admiral Cosmao was charged, does honor to Admiral Gauthaume who com- manded it.
EXTRACTS OF LETTERS.
HALIFAX, July 13.
"The Windsor-Castle Packet, has just arrived in 28 days from Falmouth. Our London papers by her are to the tenth of June."
"General Kollwrath, with an Austrian di- vision, is stated to have passed the Danube, near Lintz, and to have taken 1,000 prison- ers."
"The Duke of Sudermania has been hon- ored with the Crown of Sweden—his title Charles XIII."
"The Island of Anholt, in the Baltic, has surrendered to the British."
"We are sending a powerful naval force to the Baltic."
"The Bellona and Defiance, prevented the French ships from the Saints, getting in- to Brest—but night favored their escape to Cherbourg."
NEW YORK, July 26.
TWO DAYS LATER FROM LONDON.
By the British Packet Windsor Castle, with London papers to the 12th of June in- clusive.
LONDON, June 12.
Dutch Gazettes to the 8th, and Paris pa- pers to the 4th inst. have reached us. The former communicate the death of the gallant Schill. He fell at the head of his brave followers, contending for glory and indepen- dence, in the heart of the city of Strasburg, of which it appears he had been in complete possession. Strasburg was attacked by the French General Gratien, whose report

Corfu. Landing the former place, which the Spanish fleet entered on the 23d, finding considerable magazines of arms and ammunition therein. The Marquis de la Romana was at Santiago. Vigo is occupied by his brother, with a force of 7000 men.
SALEM, JULY 22. LATEST FROM FRANCE.
Arrived at Beverly, last evening, schr. Augustus, Stuckey, in 33 days from Bayonne, to Lloyd's Thorndike. This vessel was permitted to sail in ballast, by giving bonds agreeable to the late order of the French government. Every thing remained in the state of suspense as to American affairs, when the Augustus sailed, as the last accounts stated received from that country.
Mr. Thorndike, a nephew of col. Thorndike, who came passenger in the Augustus, informs us that the report respecting the last battles in Austria, was such as to produce a belief in the minds of all well informed persons who dare to converse on the subject that the loss of the French was at least 30,000 men.
Spoke two days after sailing an English cutter, who treated capt. Stuckey politely. The capt. of the cutter observed, he had lately received orders from the British Government to capture no American vessel. In lat. 44, 15, long. 30, 14, spoke ship Brilliant, of New Bedford, from New York, for Liverpool—long. 33, saw a ship to the eastward, dismissed, in long. 35—long. 49, 25, lat. 44, 50, ship Charles, of New Bedford, from New York, for Rotterdam—passed at the same time, a brig bound to the eastward—on the banks spoke schr. Madison, six weeks out, had taken 450 quintals of fish.
By the politeness of Mr. Gould, of Beverly, we have been favored with the loan of a file of French papers to June 11.
Not having an opportunity to examine the papers till a late hour, we are obliged to content ourselves with an outline of the important contents we find in the latest of them. From the 15th bulletin, dated 2d June, at Ebersdorf, we learn: The French had had great success in Dalmatia, and had taken the commander in chief of the army opposed to them. The Duke of Ragusa reached Fiume on the 28th May, and made a junction with the army of Italy, of which this was the division on the right. The Duke reports, that an English squadron had reached Trieste, with a view to seize the Russian Fleet—but such dispositions were made as secured the Russian fleet, and the English left the port. A thousand Austrians, at Krems, on the right bank of the Danube, were made prisoners by the troops of Wurtemberg.
By the 14th bulletin, at Ebersdorf, 1st June, the Bridges on the Danube, had been rebuilt, & important preparations had been made on the Danube. After the defeat of Jellachich, the French on the Solza had made many prisoners. Gen. Lasalla had his head-quarters near Presburg—Gen. McDonald had entered Graz, and had taken immense stores of the enemy. The Duke of Dantzic was at Lintz. The Prince of Ponte Corvo at Vienna. Vandamme at St. Pölten. Order was restored in the Tyrol—Vienna was quiet. The Duke of Montebello (Marshal Lannes) had died of his wounds.
From the Bayonne Journal of June 11, we learn that the French had every success in Dalmatia. By letters from Gaspick, the French had taken more than a thousand prisoners, and having dispersed the enemy, the French were advancing. In Turkish Croatia, the Turks had risen in arms, and had invaded the Austrian part of that country. They had taken Celina and Dresnick, & had already possession of a considerable part of that country.
By letters from Trieste, the French flag was displayed in that place on the 18th May. The Russians had saluted it by repeated discharges of cannon.
From Petersburg, May 13, we learn, that the Russian troops had received orders to penetrate into the Austrian provinces.
From Prussia we learn that the news of the War between Russia and Austria had reached Warsaw—That the Austrians had left Warsaw, which they had entered, and that the Duke Ferdinand had been forbidden by Prussia, to violate the peace of Silesia. On the 13th May, the Russians were within 2 days march of Warsaw, & the Duke Ferdinand was upon the retreat.
The Saxon army had reached Lintz, on the seventeenth May, and was marching for Vienna.
Couriers for the French Emperor, passed Leipzig on the 21st May, from Russia and from Sweden.
The Austrian Gen. Muhl had been wounded at the siege of Thorn—the Russians were moving in that direction.
In the campaign in Italy, the Archduke John had lost 18000 men, sixty cannon, and six standards.
cordial understanding with Great Britain, of which you have received from them such positive assurances; in meeting that disposition, it would be useless and unprofitable to recur to a recapitulation of the causes from which the differences between the two Governments have arisen, or of the arguments already so often repeated in support of that system of retaliation, to which his majesty has unwillingly had recourse.
That system his majesty must unquestionably continue to maintain, unless the object of it can be otherwise accomplished.
But after the profession on the part of so many of the leading Ministers of the government of the United States, of a sincere desire to contribute to that object in a manner which should render the continuance of the system, adopted by the British government, unnecessary, it is thought right that a fair opportunity should be afforded to the American government to explain its meaning and give proof of its sincerity.
The extension of the interdiction of the American harbours to the ships of war of France, as well as of Great Britain, is, as stated in my former dispatch, an acceptable symptom of a system of impartiality towards both belligerents; the first that has been publicly manifested by the American government.
The like extension of the non-importation act to other belligerents, is equally proper in this view. These measures remove those preliminary objections, which must otherwise have precluded any useful or amicable discussion.
In this state of things, it is possible for Great Britain to entertain propositions, which, while such manifest partiality was shown to her enemies, were not consistent either with her dignity or her interest.
From the report of your conversations with Mr. Madison, Mr. Gallatin and Mr. Smith, it appears:—
1st. That the American government is prepared, in the event of his majesty's consenting to withdraw the orders in council of January and November, 1807, to withdraw, contemporaneously on its part, the interdiction of its harbors to ships of war and all non-intercourse and non-importation acts, so far as respects Great Britain, leaving them in force with respect to France and the powers which adopt or act under her decrees.
2dly. (What is of the utmost importance, as precluding a new source of misunderstanding, which might arise after the adjustment of the other questions.) That America is willing to renounce, during the present war, the pretensions of carrying on, in time of war, all trade with the enemy's colonies, from which she was excluded during peace.
3dly. Great Britain, for the purpose of securing the operation of the embargo, and of the bona fide intention of America to prevent her citizens from trading with France & the powers adopting & acting under her decrees, is to be considered as agreeing to liberty to capture all such American vessels as may be found attempting to trade with the ports of any of these powers; without which security for the observance of the embargo, the raising it nominally with respect to Great Britain alone, would, in fact, raise it with respect to all the world.
On these conditions his majesty would consent to withdraw the orders in council of January and November, 1807, so far as respects America.
As the first and second of these conditions are the suggestions of the persons in authority in America to you, and as Mr. Pinkney has recently (on the first time) expressed to me his opinion, that there will be no disposition on the part of his government to the enforcement, by the naval power of Great Britain, of the regulations of America with respect to France, and the countries to which these regulations continue to apply; but that his government was itself aware, that without such enforcement, those regulations must be altogether nugatory; I flatter myself that there will be no difficulty in obtaining a distinct and official recognition of these conditions from the American government.
For this purpose you are at liberty to communicate this dispatch in extenso to the American Secretary of State.
Upon receiving through you, on the part of the American government, a distinct and official recognition of the three mentioned conditions, his majesty will lose no time in sending to America a formal and regular Treaty.
As, however, it is possible that the delay which must intervene before the actual conclusion of a treaty may appear to the American government to deprive this arrangement of part or all of its benefits; I am to authorize you, if the American government should be desirous of acting upon the agreement, before it is reduced to a regular form, (either by the immediate repeal of the embargo, or the other acts in question, or by engaging to repeal them on a particular day,) to assure the American government of his majesty's readiness to meet such a disposition in the manner best calculated to give it immediate effect.
Upon the receipt here of an official note, containing an engagement for the adoption by the American government of the three conditions above specified, his majesty will be prepared, on the faith of such engagement, either immediately (if the repeal shall have been immediate in America) or on any day specified by the American Government of that repeal, reciprocally to repeal the Orders in Council, without waiting for the conclusion of the treaty; and you are authorised, in the circumstances herein described, to make such reciprocal engagement on his Majesty's behalf.
I am, &c. (Signed) G. CANNING. [The other papers published are those printed by the American Government. Mr. Erskine's explanatory dispatch has not yet been moved for.]
BRITISH HOUSE OF COMMONS. May 30, 1809.
A motion was made to request his Majesty to lay before the house copies of the INSTRUCTIONS given to Mr. Erskine, in America on the subject of the Orders in Council; and also of the notes which passed between Mr. E. and the American government, and between Mr. E. and his Majesty's Ministers.
Mr. Canning observed, that with respect to the instructions he should have no objection, as there never had, perhaps been an instance in the history of the diplomacy of this country, where a minister had so far deviated from the spirit and letter of his instructions. 'Mr. Erskine had been instructed to make concessions to the government of the United States, arising out of such concessions as they should propose on their part to him; and in such manner as should ren-
der the concession mutual. Instead of this, however, our Minister had made every concession on his part, without obtaining one stipulated concession on the part of America. The instructions had been explicit; and as their production would throw the necessary light on the subject, he would not oppose their production. With respect to the Notes they were already in substance before the public.
In reply to inquiries, if Mr. Erskine had transmitted to government any justification on the subject; and what was the present state of our intercourse with America.
Mr. Canning said, that Mr. Erskine had made a communication on the subject, but which the papers already moved for would show it would not be necessary to produce, and respecting the intercourse, he could not with propriety give any very positive or decided answer. He would, however, observe, that the British merchant would be relieved from much of the inconvenience that would attach to the American trader, the former being aware of the existing circumstances; whereas the latter might be acting on principles that could not be admitted by this country. Care, however, had been taken also that the unpleasant circumstances that had unfortunately occurred should be productive of as little inconvenience as possible to the subjects of America, who may have acted on this occasion on grounds supposed to be acceded to by this country.
Mr. Stevens thought it unnecessary to call for Mr. Erskine's defence until he should be put on his trial. The motion was carried without a division.
NEW-YORK, July 24. One of the gentlemen, who arrived in the brig Nancy, from Bristol, informs that on the day of his departure (the first of June) he received a letter from London, stating, that a flag of truce had arrived at Calais, with a messenger on board who had been dispatched by Mr. Armstrong, with a communication to Mr. Pinkney, American Minister at London.
THE ENQUIRER. RICHMOND, AUGUST 1, 1809.
MR. ERSKINE'S INSTRUCTIONS.
In reviewing the letter which Mr. Canning has laid before the House of Commons, as a copy of his instructions to Mr. Erskine, the first question which naturally seizes upon the mind, is, "Were these the Instructions under which Mr. Erskine acted?" Much as an answer in the negative would redound to the infamy of the British ministers—thus proving an almost unparalleled complication of vices and wrongs, beginning with force and hypocrisy, and terminating in perfidy and forgery—yet are the characters and measures of the present ministers sufficient guarantees against such a presumption?—We appeal to the circumstances of the case itself.—And we ask, whether there are not in these very circumstances the strongest reasons for suspecting, that some of the papers and instructions under which Mr. Erskine has acted, have been suppressed by the ministry.
Let these circumstances be duly weighed: These Instructions bear date on the 23d of January—Mr. Oakley left England about the 20th or 21st of February—Why was he nearly four weeks detained after the composition of this paper—in that long interval, was there no new turn of events which might have dictated rather a new view of their relations with the U. States?
It was late in the night of the very day on which this paper seems to have been penned, that the dispatch of Lieutenant General Hope arrived—announcing the battle of Corunna, the death and defeat of Moore, the gloomy state of the British arms and efforts in Spain. For the "London Gazette Extraordinary" of January 24th, thus introduces the dispatch:—The Hon. Capt. Hope arrived late last night with a dispatch, &c. &c. "Was not this intelligence calculated to have at least some effect on the mind of Mr. Canning?"
The course of negotiation, which took place at Washington on the 17th and 18th of April, seems to have been of so close and systematic a nature, as to have been chatted out by the ministry to Mr. Erskine. The first point which he seems instructed to bring forward is the infamous affair of the Chesapeake. "It having been, says he, represented to his majesty, that the Congress of the U. States, &c." in this way opening the negotiation, as Mr. Canning's letter of January 23, directs him—"I have accordingly received his majesty's commands, in the event of such law-making place, to offer on the part of his Majesty, an honorable reparation for the aggression, committed by a British naval officer, in the attack on the U. States' frigate Chesapeake." He then goes on to submit, "conformably to instructions" these "terms of satisfaction and reparation"—But where, in the note of the 23d January, is this point once touched upon?—Not a word is said about the order, in which the disputed points were to be adjusted—not one about the Chesapeake.—Where then, we demand, is the copy of the instructions, which he received on this jointly with the other subjects?—It is suppressed.
To suppose besides, that Mr. Erskine would have made such propositions, in the very teeth of such instructions—is really to stagger credulity itself. Where could have been the understanding or the faith of the son of Lord Erskine? An idiot might have seen the difference between these instructions and his propositions. Well indeed might Mr. Canning have said that "no minister ever went wider of his powers." Would Mr. Erskine have gone so wide of his instructions—when he was dependant for his post upon a party who were in direct opposition to his own—whose eyes were forever upon him, eager to detect some faux pas in his conduct as an apology for driving him from his office? Could he have so explicitly assured our government, that he was "authorised" to take these steps; that he was only acting in obedience to "his Majesty's Commands?" Not only once when the first blush of the adjustment was on him—but some weeks afterwards, when he had had all the lights of mature deliberation & of subsequent dispatches.
The failure to lay Mr. Erskine's letter of "justification," with the other papers before Parliament, is besides another circumstance calculated to raise suspicion.—Mr. Canning might call it a justification to please himself—but perhaps we might be disposed to give it a different name.
But even admitting that Mr. Erskine has thus flagrantly flown from his powers—that these were the only instructions under which he has acted—let us think what we please of him—what are we to think of the British ministry?
What are we to think of the propositions, which he was instructed to make?—If these be the ultimatums of the ministry, does the slightest hope of any accommodation with them exist? What more preposterous and insulting propositions were ever offered to the independent government of the U. S.—That American citizen must be wrapt in worse than polar darkness and cold, whose heart does not feel the strongest resentment at such overtures, and whose mind does not despair of making any accommodation with such a ministry!
What were the concessions which were to be demanded of the U. S.? 1st, we were to pledge ourselves to resist the decrees of France. 2d, during the present war, we were to abandon all "pretensions" to carry on the colonial trade, prohibited in times of peace. 3d, as a means of enforcing our own interdictions, we were to permit the British cruisers to capture our own vessels bound to France and those countries which might act under her decrees. A moment's peace, sweet Patience, whilst we review these concessions! We were to pledge ourselves to G. Britain, to assert our own rights against the encroachments of a foreign power—and to redress our own wrongs!—How insulting to the honor of these United States!—How derogatory to the sovereignty of an independent power!—The U. States must engage to defend their own rights, not from any regard which we may feel for them, but because a foreign nation is pleased to make such an insolent demand! and to this nation, we are required to give security for our good behaviour!
The next concession amounts to the absolute extinction of the colonial trade not open to us in time of peace—a trade, which is an necessary substitute for the trade which is shut against us in times of war—which exports those productions to the colonies of her enemy, in our own vessels, which in times of peace are transported in French vessels—a trade, which is protected by the laws of nations—which constitutes one of the symbols of our sovereignty—a trade, of which G. Britain herself does not hesitate to reap the profits by granting licences to her own vessels. And this trade, we are to give up to her.
And what makes this concession, of our rights more humiliating to the United States is, that this branch of trade has no connection whatever with the orders of January and November—that it is to be thrown as a mere make weight into the scale along with the restoration of our trade with Great Britain—and that it breaks through the spirit of that contract which we were to have made with her, which was to have consisted of a mere commutation of a repeal of our interdictions for the repeal of her Orders.
But it is the third demand which caps the proud Pyramid of her presumption!—After we should have pledged ourselves to continue our interdictions against France, we were not even to be complimented with the poor privilege of enforcing our own regulations. The independent government of the United States was to be informed, that it was too weak to execute its own laws—and that it was to solicit the aid of the British navy to enforce them for us.
Where is the noble-hearted American who does not spurn at such an insinuation?—A second time must Mr. Canning, who has been once already caught in the fact itself, have attempted to calumniate the name of Mr. Pinkney! Such a suggestion could never have fallen from the lips of the minister, who has hitherto baffled every artifice of the British secretary to entangle him in dishonorable negotiations.
So much for these propositions, taken by themselves.—Let any man combine them together.—There is a contradiction in the very face of them.—The concessions, which we were to have made, would have defeated those very concessions which we were to have obtained.—The British orders were to be revoked—those branches of commerce, which they interdicted, were to be renewed—yet in the same breath, we pledge our solemn consent, that the cruisers of G. B. should capture those very vessels of the U. States, which carried on a trade with France or any of those countries which she might pronounce to be subservient to the decrees of France.
So much for these instructions!—We shall take a view, in our next paper, of the situation in which we now stand. It is such as to require all our skill, all our energies and all our virtue, to guide us through the storm which assails us. Should we fail in this momentous effort, what prophet will pretend to estimate our losses, or set limits to the encroachments of the powers of Europe.
AN HONEST CONFESSION.
What more distinctly shows the real principles, by which the British government is actuated, than the proceedings of the 160 merchants of London?
These men frankly avow, that the Americans are not to be permitted to pour their produce into Holland, and supply the market directly from the U. S.—and for this honest reason, that we could do it under advantages which could not be enjoyed by the British merchant, who has all the difficulties of a contraband intercourse to struggle with.—In plain parlance, because we would carry on a fair and reputable trade—and they were merely smugglers.
Is it then come to this? Are the citizens of the U. S. to be debarred from the fair profits of a neutral and customary trade—because they must come into competition with a nation of smugglers?—By what other argument, than that of force, is such insolence to be defended?
Such, however, is the real clue to the impudent pretensions of G. Britain.—It is no longer the poor pretence of retaliating the acts of her enemy.—It is no longer the absurd attempt to retaliate upon an enemy the pressure of the war, and the evils of his own injustice.—But it is to push her own commercial prosperity over the ruins of a rival, that she issues her Orders of Council, and Decrees of Admiralty. It is the commercial spirit of these U. S. at which G. B. sickens—it is an increasing wealth, that tempts her rapacious cupidity.
Read the letter of Mr. Erskine communicating the Orders of Nov. 1809—read the 3rd report of the Committee on the distillation of Molasses—scan the words and resolutions of the 160 merchants of London—trace the bearings of almost every order and proclamation, that she has issued—and the same conviction irresistibly flashes upon the mind.
And will the American merchant patiently suffer these aggressions upon his most sacred rights? When he perceives himself thus rudely thrust out of the most lucrative branches of his commerce, by the jealousy of a self-crested rival—will he want the spirit to assert the rights of his country? Has he no pride—no patriotic enthusiasm—none even of that clamorous sense of prudence, which is so peculiarly provident of its own interests? Will he be weak enough to detract from the efforts of his own government to procure him protection? Will he be base enough to ban with the merchants and ministry of G. B.—defend her insults—insist upon our acquiescence in her edicts—and vindicate the ty-
rant, who would sink him into the degraded rank of a colonist and a factor?
He must be a miserable fool indeed who can not profit by his own experience.—It is time for every honest merchant to unite with the firm testimony of our country—in the vindication of those rights upon the ocean, which "Nature and Nature's God" have allotted to us.
Mr. Jackson.—The British have aggrieved us, by sending their most obnoxious minister amongst us—we beg leave to hope, not with the dagger, conspirator and cannon in his train.—He is, we believe, the same man, who fled from Munich, on the affair of the Duc d'Enghien.
Mark the following sketches from the Aurora.
Who is this Mr. Jackson?—is this the same who figured some years since in the correspondence with the band of spies in Germany; is this the Mr. Jackson who, in his correspondence with a British spy at Paris, urged the stirring up of a civil war in that country, and the assassination of the emperor?—Is this the Mr. Jackson whose original letters were shown to all the diplomatic corps then at Paris? Is this the Mr. Jackson who, preceded lord Cathcart at Copenhagen?
We have a faint recollection, that after the attempt to assassinate Bonaparte failed, and the author of the conspiracy was discovered, that a declaration was published against a man of the name of Jackson, and importing that the reception of such a man as a minister by any court in Europe, would be considered as a declaration of war against France. Is this the same Jackson? we do not know that it is; but if it be the same, then we perceive that such a resort, after the failure of Pickering's revolution in the eastern states, is such a measure, as might be expected from the conspirators of Copenhagen.
If such is the man—contemptible indeed must Mr. Secretary Canning think the government and people of the United States; when he ventured to send such a man on such an embassy, at such a time.
It is the intention of the British government to add the last stroke of insult to her former aggressions, by sending to our country a character against whom the ambassador of the United States made a formal representation and protest several years ago.
We do not allude to what Mr. Pinkney may have done; we allude to the protest of an American Minister, not very hostile to the government or politics of England—we mean Mr. Rufus King.
Mr. Rufus King, when American minister at St. James, formerly protested against Mr. Jackson being sent as plenipotentiary. Yet in the London Gazette, there has appeared the following official notification:
FOREIGN OFFICE, May 29, 1809. The king has been pleased to appoint FRANCIS JAMES JACKSON, Esq., to be his majesty's envoy extraordinary, and minister plenipotentiary to the United States of America.
This is the same Jackson against whom Mr. King protested, and who was upon that protest withdrawn, now that after his mission at Copenhagen, is now thought the fittest person to complete the climax of contumely upon us.
SKETCH. The 10th bulletin (unmailed) treats of the important action of Esslingen.—No engagement has since been fought. The bridge over the Danube has been rebuilt. Reinforcements from all parts are pouring into the French camp—from Dalmatia—Italy—Tyrol—Bavaria and Saxony. Both sides are collecting all the materials of destruction and death—and a more tremendous battle was to be fought on the banks of the Danube, than has perhaps been recorded even in the annals of modern wars.
At other points, the Eagle is carrying everything before it.—The Russians have driven Ferdinand from Poland.—Beauharnais has driven John from Italy.—Schill is cut off.—And Lauriston is in Hungary.
"Cry havoc, and let slip the Dogs of War." The Lion is let loose from his den.—The British have carried 4 American vessels into Jamaica, 1 condemned—and 3 from Bordeaux, into England.—The former said to be under the Orders of 26th April.
Mr. Erskine has passed thro' Baltimore on his way to Washington.
BOARDING-HOUSE, to be opened in Williamsburg. The subscriber, being about to remove to Williamsburg, informs the public that he intends to keep in that city, a
BOARDING HOUSE, AND HOUSE OF PRIVATE ENTERTAINMENT,
which will be opened on the 20th day of September next. Her house is large and commodious, and situated nearly in the centre of the town.—She will have an entirely new set of Servants, & hopes, by the strictest attention and exertions to please, to give satisfaction to those who may favor her with their company. Her intention is to accommodate Boys, Girls, Students of William & Mary College, grown Gentlemen, or Ladies, with board and lodging, or board only, by the day, month, or quarter of a year, on reasonable terms. ANNA BYRD. Richmond, August 1. 6205
SIXTY DOLLARS REWARD.—Runaway from the subscriber, the 5th inst. a black man, named ISHAM, about 5 feet, 11 inches high, a large strong fellow, who has been accustomed lately to working on board of vessels, and going by water; it is well ascertained that he left this in a vessel, and it is probable is co-located with a mulatto Woman, named LAURA, who ran away the 20th of last month. She is about 22 years of age, rather inclined to be fat, & somewhat under the common height. She has very bushy hair, and a freckled face, and had sores on both her arms, one of which was occasioned by a burn just above the elbow. There is also a scar, one side of her neck. It is probable they may be now about Norfolk or Williamsburg. Any person who will secure both of the above negroes, so that I get them again, shall receive the above reward, for either of them, and all reasonable expenses paid, provided they are delivered to me here. Wm. BYRD. August 1. 35
IN CHANCERY.—In Powhatan county court, July 21, 1809. Brown, Rives & Co. Plffs, against Samuel H. Owen and Joseph Mayo, executor of David Owen, decd. Defs.
The defendant Samuel H. Owen, not having entered his appearance, and given security according to the act of assembly, and the rules of this court; and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court, that he is not an inhabitant of this country; On motion of the plaintiffs, by their counsel; It is ordered, That the defendant, Samuel H. Owen, do appear here on the first day of October next, to answer the plaintiff's bill, & that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted, in one of the Richmond news-papers, for two months successively, and posted at the door of the court-house of this county. A Copy. Teste, JAS. POINDEXTER, c. 2m
PAPERS PRESENTED TO THE HOUSE OF COMMONS BY MR. SECRETARY CANNING, RELATING TO AMERICA.
No. 1. Copy of a dispatch from Mr. Secretary Canning to the Hon. D. M. Erskine; dated Foreign Office, 23d January, 1809.
IF there really exists in those individuals who are to have a leading share in the new administration of the United States, a disposition to come to a complete and

AMERICAN PRINCIPLES.
WE SHALL lay, in successive numbers, before our readers, a small pamphlet, which we have just received from Boston, from the pen of John Q. Adams, Esq. — With that perspicuity and acumen of expression, which distinguished his exposure of the British doctrines of the perfidious Pickering in his celebrated letter — he here lays open the dangerous principles of the Essex Junto, of which Pickering and Ames were the leaders — At this great moment, when, more than at any other, this Essex Junto is the most deleterious excrescence on the body politic, and when the works of Mr. Ames are made the principal organ for disseminating their corruptions — Mr. Adams deserves the best thanks of his country for this ingenious Exposition of their views.
A REVIEW OF WORKS OF FISHER AMES; COMPILED BY A NUMBER OF HIS FRIENDS. First published in the Boston Patriot.
"For I think it every man's indispensable duty to do all the service he can to his country; and I see not what difference he puts between himself and his cattle, who lives without that thought." — LOCKE.
PREFACE.
The following papers were originally published in the Boston Patriot, under the title of "Review of Works of Fisher Ames, compiled by a number of his friends." This Review was meant to be rather political than literary. Of the style and composition of his writing, little is said — it was deemed unnecessary to divert the attention of the reader from a discussion of the most important principles, to the mere structure of discourse and verbal criticism — and, in regard to the style, it was unnecessary to enlarge: Mr. Ames's biographer, having characterized it with the amplifying and extenuating hand of friendship, but with the discernment and elegance of genuine taste. But the moral and political doctrines, which were attempted to be ushered into circulation, under the sanction of his amiable character and respected talents, were too potent to be passed over without animadversion.
The death of Mr. Ames, happened at a very momentous period of our national history. At a time when rights unquestionable at the tribunal of Justice, and essential to the independence of our country, were attacked by all the power, and all the artifice of the greatest naval empire upon the globe. When the defence of these rights the government of the Union had resorted to the only possible remedy short of war; and when a formidable party in the heart of the country, had taken their side in this great controversy, with the foreign aggressor, and against their own government — So obviously was the justice of this cause on our side, that although every measure adopted by this party, was a measure of encouragement to the adversary and of annoyance to our own defenders, yet no living man had yet dared to pledge his stake in society to the direct and unqualified vindication of the British pretensions. Indirectly they were indeed justified; & while Britain was heaping insolence upon injury in her treatment of this country, she was supported by these Americans as the exalted champion of liberty, the defender of oppressed nations, the last hope of the human race. But even the addresses and reports of the last Massachusetts Legislature, (anxious as they were to foment the spirit of subserviency to Britain, urgent as they were to unfurl the republican banners against the imperial standard, intrepid as they were to threaten and organize internal war, in aid of the external enemy, against our own government, struggling in defence of our own cause; even they) shrunk from the formal justification of the British Orders of Council.
But what no living man could be persuaded to do, the friends of Mr. Ames made him perform after his death. During his life-time, he had never chosen to pledge his name to those doctrines — and though he had given them too much countenance in nameless newspaper paragraphs and essays, he had manifested a steady aversion to them, and to avow them in the face of day. But scarcely was he cold in his grave, when his name was doomed by his friends to stand before the public, responsible for the assertion, that on the most momentous questions at issue between Britain & us, she was right, and we were wrong. Nor was this the only fatal error, promulgated in the posthumous part of this volume. The unreasoning veneration of every thing connected with Britain — the excessive abhorrence of every thing connected with France — and the mixture of scorn and contempt for his own country, which, in his last days, were at the basis of all his political opinions, were principles from which the most mischievous deductions naturally flowed. The aversion to Republics and Republican institutions — the bitter invective against our popular elections — the humiliating dogma that our liberties depended upon nothing but the British navy; the terror, that his children would be taken for Bonaparte's conscription to St. Domingo, were calculated, as far as they could operate, to spread a contagion of false opinions upon objects of the highest moment to the people of this country — And the danger of these false opinions was aggravated in proportion to the reverence for the author, and the respect for the personal character of the author, so general throughout the community. The natural and indissoluble connection between these opinions, and the public measures of those who dare not avow them, was material to be shown; and the numerous prejudices against our fellow-citizens, in other parts of the Union, the contracted basis of exclusive love, upon which political attachment was asserted to rest, the crude and undigested notions of despotism, with the long argument to prove that it cannot exist in this country, nor in any Republic, were so many portions of poison for the public mind, which the writer of these papers sincerely thinks, loudly called for an antidote, before they should have time to circulate with all their venom, in the veins and arteries of the body politic.
To defend the insulted reputation of our country, to vindicate, from false aspersions, the character of the nation, and its Republican institutions, to refute the groundless charges against our children, and our brethren of the Western & Southern States, to assert the real foundation upon which our independence must stand, to maintain its rights against the Russian principles of the British Cabinet, and to guard the sense and spirit of the people against the mistakes of fancy insinuating upon the province of judgment, in the estimates of political morality — such were the motives which dictated these papers.
To hold up to public view the errors of an ingenious and amiable man, so recently deceased, was a task, painful to the feelings of the writer, and which nothing but the importance of the errors, and the danger of the impressions they were producing upon the public mind, could justify. The most exceptionable principles, & the most important mistakes, in point of fact, are quoted, word for word, from the volume itself. In no one instance, however, has a quotation been made
* An American Judge had ever talked of the improvement of British subjects from American merchant vessels, as being agreeable to a right claimed and exercised for ages, and had undertaken to justify the British King's Proclamation of Oct. 16, 1807, under the pretence that it was merely an assertion of the nation's right to the service of its subjects in time of war. The Orders in Council to which he referred, as merely retaliatory upon France, and although some straining had been manifested at the name of tribute, yet it was found that the same thing might be re-enacted with perfect ease under the name of a transit duty.
which, in its connection with the other parts of the discourse, would bear a different aspect, from that which it bears in the selection. For these renderings of intellect, it is abundantly manifest upon the face of the volume, that Mr. Ames never meant to be responsible to the public. They were intended for his select & exclusive friends. They furnished food for that modest and generous opinion which they delight to entertain — that all the virtues, and all the talents, as well as all the wealth of the American continent, is a monopoly of their own; and that the rest of the people are a mere herd of Sodom, to be saved from the fire of Heaven only, by their transcendent merits. So long as these nuggets only crawled within the pale of the church, their mischievous influence was confined to the annoyance of occasional visitors at the altar of the idol; but when thus ushered abroad, they might have taken wing and spread a plague of locusts over the land.
It was then, an examination of the political system, of these self-styled saviors of Sodom, which was proposed by the writer of the following papers. Their doctrines had never been so fully and explicitly avowed, by any man who had a character to pledge. Like the priests of Egypt, they had a revelation for the multitude, and a secret for the initiated. In its plenitude of perfection, their creed was no where to be found in a tangible shape. To make way for this mass of illumination, the real wisdom and virtue of Mr. Ames's best days, his public labors as a statesman, at the organization of the federal government, his speeches and solid foundation of his honorable fame, were excluded from the compilation. Had the same principles been scrutinized as appearing in newspaper paragraphs and anonymous pamphlets, the moment they were brought to the test, they would have been universally disavowed. For the holders of these tenets, like the Dutch traders of Japan, whenever traffic is to be obtained by denial of their Lord, will trample upon his cross to disprove their religion. They have given at length, their confession of political faith to the world; & it was only under the sanction of Mr. Ames's name, that it could be properly canvassed.
It may perhaps be thought that the conduct of these friends is here judged with too much severity — That in publishing these opinions of Mr. Ames, they are not responsible for them as their own; and that even the errors of the volume ought to have been overlooked, in consideration of the general excellence of the author, & the valuable matter with which they are blended. The writer of the Review is not insensible to the moral obligation incumbent upon a man, of generous feelings to "hide the fault he sees," and to veil, if possible, the failings of a fellow citizen, distinguished by talents, virtues and public services. It is that obligation which he thinks the publishers of the volume have violated. As a free-born American citizen, he feels a duty to maintain the rights and liberties of his country, not less impetuous than that of respecting the repose of death; especially when he perceives that a stroke is aimed at every thing which this nation ought to hold dear, under the shelter of a presumption, that the sanctuary of the grave would shield the offence from the pursuit of justice; and that a name entitled to public veneration would prove a passport for corruption, to which no man living dared to pledge his own — For it must be observed that the compilers have been as penurious of their own names, as they have been prodigal of that of their departed friend — The title-page tells us that they are a number, but not who they are. The biography, a performance which in point of composition would do honor to any name, yet bears not that of its author; & the very private letters, divulged in the face of their own injunctions of secrecy, are directed to nothing but asterisks.
The writer is well aware that party spirit, will neither give him credit for his real motives in the publication of these papers, nor forbear from the imputation of others. But it is not to party spirit, that he meant to address himself, nor to partizans that he holds himself amenable. Believing in the general sense and virtue of his countrymen, he asks of his reader that effort of the mind which Malbranche demands of every inquirer after truth — To separate from the subject every prepossession, not belonging to it, and to examine without any partial bias, the sentiments advanced in the volume and contested in these papers. If the principles, to which the friends of Mr. Ames have seen fit to pledge his reputation, are founded in eternal truth, to dispute them is nothing less than to war against Omnipotence. If they are founded in error, no apology will be necessary, for an attempt to arrest the progress of their influence at the threshold.
Should the reader be one of those, whose admiration for the genius and character of Mr. Ames is a feeling in which he delights to indulge himself, and which he is unwilling to submit to the crucible of stubborn reason, he is requested to lay aside the pamphlet, and continue in the enjoyment of his sensations. Should he think it a more profitable course, to test his principles before he carries them into action, let him examine the volume, and weigh the objections against a part of its contents, here advanced; after which he may still enjoy his admiration of the man. This I have no inclination to disturb — Let him, if it can afford him any gratification, suspect the motives of the Reviewer. But let him recognise principles demonstrated to be false, and of deadly import to the independence and liberties of this country.
VIRGINIA.—At a Superior Court of Chancery held at the Capitol in the city of Richmond, the tenth day of June 1809. John Watkins ex'or of the testament and last will of John Wyatt deceased, and John D. Watkins administrator &c. of Agnes Watkins late Agnes Wyatt deceased, Plffs against Edward Bland Administrator with the will annexed of Edward Bland dec'd, Benjamin Cocke, George Cocke, Robert Cocke, Saml. Cocke, John Morrison and Anne his wife in right of the said Anne, Thomas Boothe administrator &c. of Mary Boothe deceased late Mary Cocke & Boothe an infant child of the said Thomas and Mary by the said Thomas especially assigned his guardian, Agnes Cocke, Edward Wyatt and John Phillips sheriff of the county of Prince George, successors of Billy H. Avery late sheriff of the said county to whom administration of the estate of Pleasant Cocke deceased, had been committed by the court of that county.
THE defendants John Morrison and Anne his wife and Agnes Cocke not having entered their appearance and given security according to the act of assembly, and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court, that they are not inhabitants of this country, on motion of the plaintiffs by council, It is ordered, That the said defendants do appear here on the first day of the next term, and answer the bill of the plaintiffs; and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in some newspaper published in the city of Richmond, for two months successively, and posted at the front door of the Capitol in the said city. A Copy, Trate. PETER TINSLEY, C. C. July 11. law2m/.
WANTED—A BLACKSMITH.—One that is a complete master of the trade, will meet encouragement by application to SEWALL OSGOOD, B.S. July 21. 1awtf
JAMES RIVER COMPANY.—A dividend of four and a half per cent. was this day declared, on the stock in the James River Company, which will be paid to the respective Shareholders, or their order, on application to ROBERT POLLARD, Treasurer. July 25. 3w
LANDS FOR SALE.—The Subscriber offers for sale his tract of Land in Amherst County, lying on the west side of the main road leading the new Courthouse now building, containing three hundred & sixty acres. Upon this Land is an eligible situation for a store, also for a Tavern, there is likewise a very desirable situation for a Professional Gentleman. Being in a wealthy, populous and agreeable neighborhood, the Land is fertile, well watered, lies very well and extremely healthy. Upon it is a plantation well inclosed, and in a high state of cultivation; laid off into separate fields and each field in its turn for some years past has been sowed in small grain rolled in Plaster of Paris, and in the spring following sowed in red Clover. The Indian corn has also been rolled in Plaster of Paris when planted for some years past; the plantation is sufficient to work six hands to advantage. Also another tract of Land, lying in the aforesaid County of Amherst, on the waters of Penny River, adjoining the Lands of James Franklin, Joel Franklin's estate, Micajah Camden and Bartlett Cuth, containing near nine hundred acres. This Tract lies extremely well, upon it is a considerable quantity of plant-bed and meadow ground, it is very fertile, well watered, and well adapted to the culture of Corn, Wheat and Tobacco; upon it is a plantation sufficient to work eight hands. A considerable part of it is fresh Land, and the whole is in a high state of cultivation, each field in its turn has been sowed in small grain. A part of the grain has been rolled in the Plaster of Paris, and the whole has been sowed in red Clover, which grows luxuriantly on this plantation, which together with the white Clover that grows naturally upon it produces very fine pasture. There is also upon it a very good apple orchard, and there have lately been built thereon some useful and valuable houses. A farther description is deemed unnecessary, it is presumed that no person will purchase without first viewing the Lands, the Overseers living on the plantations will show the lands to any person wishing to purchase—These lands will be sold on time and the payments made accommodating to purchasers. Also one other Tract of Land lying in Goochland County, on both sides of Tuckahoe Creek, on the north side of the three Chop Road, adjoining the lands of Benj. Hughes, Benj. Watkins and Elisha Leak's estates, containing three hundred & fifty acres, a considerable part of this land is cleared, and none of it has been in cultivation for some years past; it is land of good soil and is well adapted to the culture of corn and wheat, and is very convenient to Market, being within twenty three miles of the City of Richmond, this tract of land will also be sold on time, and the payments made accommodating to the Purchaser. For farther particulars apply to the subscriber living in the City of Richmond. WILLIAM GALT. July 11. w6w
PURSUANT to the last will and testament of the Rev. Matthew Maury, late of Albemarle county: We shall, on Friday, the first day of September next, (if fair, if not, the next fair day) expose to public sale, on the premises, that valuable and highly improved FARM, on which the dec'd lately resided, containing between 1300 & 1400 acres. About 400 acres of this land are cleared and in excellent condition for cultivation, of which about 40 acres are very fine meadow. There is, on the plantation, a great variety of fruit trees, among which is a well selected apple orchard of about two hundred trees in high perfection. This land is intersected by a very excellent lime-stone, parallel with, and two miles distant from the south west mountains. There are, on this plantation, a large convenient dwelling house, a large barn, stable, and all other necessary buildings, in very good condition for the accommodation of a large family. The quality of this Land is very good, well adapted to the growth of tobacco and corn, and particularly so to the growth of small grain and grass. It has, from experiment, been proven capable of deriving very great advantages from the use of Plaster of Paris. We will allow a credit of one, two and three years, on the purchase money; for which we shall require a lien on the land, and approved personal security. The land may be seen by application to either of us who reside on it. MATTHEW MAURY, } Acting THOS W. MAURY, } Exec'rs. Albemarle County, Va. 25th July, 1809. w5w
GEORGE WATT has just received, and offers for sale, Sicily, Madeira, and Sherry WINE by the Hhd. Str. oak, Green Coffee, Orleans Sugar by the Hhd.; German Platillas Simples by the piece or case, half pint Glass Tumblers in cases of 1000 each, and New York Soap & Candies. ON HAND, Madeira Wine, Orleans and Mucacado Sugars, Green Coffee, Molasses, Pr me Pork, Liverpool and Stone Ware, Souchong, Hyson, Skin, and Gunpowder Tea, Spanish Segars, Raisins, Almonds, Nutmegs, Windsor Glass, Men's & Women's Shoes, which he will dispose of by wholesale on reasonable terms. July 22. if.
THE different business concerns heretofore existing in this state, under the firms of Buchanan and Pollok at Petersburg, Robert and Allen Pollok at Richmond, and Pollok and Tredway & Co. at Manchester, are this day dissolved by mutual consent. The partner resident at each place, is charged with the collection of the debts due to the concern hitherto under his arrangement, and we earnestly request those indebted to come forward and make satisfactory arrangements for the discharge of their debts. Those having claims against either of the concerns, will please apply accordingly. DAVID BUCHANAN, by Robert Pollok, his Atty in fact. ROBERT POLLAK, ALLEN POLLAK, THOS. TREDWAY. Virginia, July 18.
The subscriber having purchased the stock of Goods on hand at this place, will continue business in his own name, and for his own account, at the former residence of Buchanan and Pollok. ROBERT POLLAK. Petersburg, July 18.
The subscribers have renewed their connection in business, and mean to prosecute it in this place under the firm of Pollok and Tredway. ROBERT POLLAK, THOMAS TREDWAY. Manchester, July 18. 6w
VALUABLE LANDS FOR SALE.—The Subscriber wishes to dispose of that valuable tract of LAND called FORT LEWIS, lying in the Counties of Botetourt and Montgomery, and containing about 2,600 acres. They also wish to sell 3,180 acres of Land lying in the County of Fluvanna, on the south side of the Rivanna river, extending from Col. Cary's line, down the river, to within about a mile of Columbia. This last mentioned Land, being in five distinct tracts, will be sold separately or together, as may best suit any person desirous of purchasing. One-fourth of the amount being paid in hand, any reasonable credit will be given for the balance. GIBSON & JEFFERSON. Richmond, July 28. if
THE subscriber residing in Williamsburg with practice law in the Chancery District Court held in that place; he continues to do business in the county courts of Charles City, New Kent, James City and York. Wm. BROWN, Jun. July 28. 1awtf
COLUMBIAN MILLS.—The subscriber informs his friends and the public, that he will purchase WHEAT delivered at the Columbian Mills, or he will receive wheat there to be manufactured on very moderate and advantageous terms to the holders of this article—viz. for every 340 pounds of good merchantable wheat, he will engage to deliver one barrel of good superfine flour; or he will receive wheat at six shillings, and six pence per bushel of 60 pounds, and deliver superfine flour at six dollars twelve cents, with a small proportion of fine flour at five dollars sixty two cents per barrel; all to be inspected and delivered in good order at the mill. The flour made at this mill has always been held in high repute, and it is the intention of the present proprietor to sustain its character. The Corn Mill is in complete order—every attention will be paid to the customers sending their Corn there to be ground on toll at the usual rate. Good Fresh Meal for sale in small or large quantities at very moderate prices for cash. Apply to Mr. Samuel Leech on the premises or to JOHN GRANBERY, Norfolk. Cash given for Corn delivered at the mill. July 18. if
WILL BE SOLD, on the 28th day of August next, at Cumberland court-house, (being Cumberland court day) agreeably to an Act of Assembly, passed on the thirty-first day of January last, entitled an act concerning executions and for other purposes; by virtue of a deed of trust, made to us by David Coupland, & legally recorded in the county court of Buckingham, for the purposes in the said deed of trust mentioned, one certain tract or parcel of LAND, it being a part of the tract on which the said David now resides, containing one hundred and fifty acres, binding on the lines of George Anderson and Charles Wheeler, jr. beginning at Wilson's, and running to the north of his house to his back line, as expressed in said deed of trust. Being only interested as trustees for the benefit of others, we will only convey the title we have by virtue of said deed of trust. SAMUEL ANDERSON, } Trustees JAMES WILSON, } July 22. 4w
VIRGINIA.—At a Superior court of Chancery held at the Capitol in Richmond, June 26th 1809.
George Fisher, Elizabeth Fisher, Jane Fisher, Bolling Fisher, and Elizabeth Fisher, executrix of Daniel Fisher dec'd Plffs against John Fisher and Edward Fisher executors of Daniel Fisher, William Stark, James Denison, Archibald Gracie, Mary Fisher, David Robertson and Richard Smith.
This cause was this day partly heard on the bill, sundry exhibits, and the report of Commissioner Wilder, pursuant to the order of the 25th day of February last, with exceptions thereto by the plaintiffs, but none on the part of the defendants. On consideration whereof the court confirming so much of the said report as states an account of the legacy due to Elizabeth Fisher, and of the Annuity to Jane Fisher two of the plaintiffs, doth adjudge, order & decree, that the defendant John Fisher pay to Elizabeth Fisher, daughter to Daniel Fisher, the elder, deceased, two thousand and thirty three pounds twelve shillings and six pence with interest at the rate of five per centum per annum, on one thousand two hundred and thirty two pounds ten shillings, from the first day of January one thousand eight hundred and nine until payment; and to the said Jane Fisher, another plaintiff, one hundred and ninety pounds with like interest on one hundred and fifty pounds from the same time, unless the said John Fisher, on or before the 10th day of the term next after he shall have been served with a copy of this decree, show, cause to the contrary, and as to the residue of the said report, the said report, the court doth recommit it to Commissioner Wilder, with these instructions, to state specially the amount of the real and personal estate of the testator, including that which hath reverted by the death of the defendant Mary, and how the same hath been disposed of, to state likewise the amount of each debt due to, and from the said estate; and with respect to Mr. Randolph's debt, to state its original amount, how it was secured, what part hath been paid, how much remains due, and whether the security hath been changed and by whom; to state the advances made to the children of the Testator, by him in his lifetime after they were of age; and those which have been made since his death, and after making the several statements aforesaid, to present the same in one general account, showing the balance due to and by each legatee, and report the same to the court with any special matters deemed pertinent by himself, or required by the parties to be specially stated. And to enable the Commissioner to perform this order, he is authorised to examine any of the parties in solemn form, for which purpose they are ordered to attend the commissioner when by him required.
COMMISSIONER'S OFFICE. PETERSBURG, July 5, 1809.
THE Parties to the foregoing order are desired to take Notice, that I have appointed Monday the 14th day of August next, to carry the same into effect: On which day they are required to attend at my office, and there to exhibit the proofs necessary to enable me to comply with the directions therein contained. JOSEPH G. WILDER, M.C. July 13. cslm/
NOTICE.—All persons indebted to the late mercantile concerns of Thos. & W. Friend; Joseph and W. Friend & Co or Jos & W. Friend are hereby notified that James Robertson, jr. attorney at law, Amelia, is alone authorised to receive money and grant discharges, and those who have claims against either of the above mentioned firms, are requested to make them known to the said Robertson, in order that provision may be made for payment. THOMAS BRANCH, Exec'or of WM. FRIEND, who was surviving partner of J. & Wm F & Co and Thomas and Wm. Friend. EDWARD FRIEND, adm'r of JOS. FRIEND, Dec'd. July 25. 1m
* THE Subscriber solicits payment as speedily as possible, from all those who are indebted to the firms above mentioned, as the situation of the business, will not admit of longer indulgence than has already been given. The books, accounts, &c. which were lately in the possession of C. F. Bates, Esq. are now in my possession. J. ROBERTSON, jr. July 25. 1m
THE Subscribers for the BOOK OF FORMS of Legal Process and Judicial Proceedings, proposed to be published by me, are informed that the work is in Press, and it is expected, from the progress which has been made in the printing thereof, that the Book will be ready for delivery by the ensuing fall terms of the Superior Courts of Law. I here take the liberty of suggesting to those who wish to own this Book, and have not subscribed therefor, the advantage of doing so as early as possible, and complying with the terms of subscription heretofore published, as a very small number of copies will be printed, which will be delivered (if there be occasion to do so,) according to the dates of subscriptions. J. ROBINSON. Richmond, July 28. if
FOR SALE OR RENT.—That valuable property adjoining the city of Richmond, called the COLUMBIAN MILLS. Mr. Samuel Leech, living on the premises, will show the property to any person inclined to rent or purchase. The terms may be made known by application to the Subscriber residing in Norfolk. JOHN GRANBERY. July 11. if
War Department July 8, 1809.
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN That separate proposals will be received at the Office of the Secretary for the Department of War, until 12 o'clock, at noon on Wednesday the 25th of October next, for the supply of all rations that may be required for the use of the United States, from the first day of June 1810 inclusive, to the first day of June 1811, within the states, territories and districts following, viz.
1st. At Niagara, Detroit, Michilimackinac, Fort Wayne, Chikago and in their immediate vicinities, & at any place or places, where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited, within the territory of Michigan. 2nd. At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the states of Kentucky and Tennessee. 3rd. At Belle Fontaine, Fort Osage and Belle Vue and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the state of Ohio, and the Illinois, Indiana and Louisiana territories, except Fort Wayne and Chikago and their immediate vicinities. 4th. At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the Mississippi and Orleans territories. 5th. At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the district of Maine, and state of New Hampshire. 6th. At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the state of Vermont. 7th. At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the state of Massachusetts, the town of Springfield excepted. 8th. At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the states of Connecticut and Rhode Island. 9th. At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the state of New York, Niagara & its dependencies excepted. 10th. At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the state of New Jersey. 11th. At any place or places, where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the state of Pennsylvania. 12th. At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the states of Maryland & Delaware. 13th. At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the state of Virginia. 14th. At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the state of North Carolina. 15th. At any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the state of South Carolina. 16th. At Ocmulgee Old Fields, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the limits of the state of Georgia. Proposals will also be received as aforesaid, for the supply of all rations which may be required by the United States, for the troops which are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the town of Springfield in the state of Massachusetts; and for the officers and other persons employed in the United States' Armory at that place, from the 1st. day of June 1810 inclusive, to the 1st day of June 1811. A ration to consist of one pound and one quarter of beef, or three quarters of a pound of pork, eighteen ounces of bread or flour, one gill of rum, whiskey or brandy, and at the rate of two quarts of salt, four quarts of vinegar, four pounds of soap, and one pound and a half of candles, to every hundred rations. The prices of the several component parts of the ration shall be specified; but the United States reserve the right of making such alterations in the price of the component parts of the ration aforesaid, as shall make the price of each part thereof bear a just proportion to the proposed price of the whole ration. The rations are to be furnished in such quantities, that there shall at all times, during the term of the proposed contract, be sufficient for the consumption of the troops at Michilimackinac, Detroit & Chikago, for six months in advance; and at each of the other posts on the western waters, for at least three months in advance, of good and wholesome provisions, if the same shall be required. It is also to be permitted to all & every of the commandants of fortified places or posts, to call for, at seasons when the same can be transported, or at any time in case of urgency such supplies of like provisions in advance, as in the discretion of the commandant shall be deemed proper. It is understood that the contractor is to be at the expense and risk of issuing the supplies to the troops, and that all losses sustained by the depredations of an enemy, or by means of the troops of the United States shall be paid by the United States at the price of the articles captured or destroyed as aforesaid, on the deposition of two or more persons of credible characters, and the certificate of a commissioned officer, stating the circumstances of the loss, & the amount of the articles for which compensation shall be claimed. The privilege is understood to be reserved to the United States, of requiring that none of the supplies, which may be furnished under any of the proposed contracts, shall be issued, until the supplies which have been or may be furnished under contracts now in force, have been consumed; and that a supply in advance may be always required at any of the fixed posts on the sea-board, or Indian frontier, not exceeding three months. W. EUSTIS, Secretary for the Department of War. cp4w
IN COUNCIL, July 26, 1809—Proposals will be received, by the Executive, until the 10th day of August next, for furnishing 1400 white oak Spokes, 700 willow oak Felloes, 120 black gum Naves, and 60 hickory Axletrees. All of seasoned Timber, and of such dimensions as shall be described by Alexander Quarter, to the persons disposed to make such proposals. DANL. L. HYLTON, Clk of the council. July 28. 4t
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD.—Ran away from the subscriber, two NEGROES, to wit Burrell Gates and Lony: Burrell Gates is about thirty years of age, five feet eight inches high, rather slender made, well proportioned except he has a very large foot: he was purchased of Mr. Wilkinson (Chesterfield,) and has a wife at Mr. John Spear's in the same county. Lony was purchased of Mr. Richard Armstrong, Hanover county, he is about 16 years of age, has a film over one of his eyes, this fellow I suppose is lurking about his city. The above reward will be paid for delivering them to Mr. Chan. H. Saunders, Richmond, and ten dollars for either of them, or if secured in any Goal in this commonwealth so that I get them again. JACOB FAULKNER. N. B. Lony is now in the Gaol of this city, and is for sale. Enquire of Chan. H. Saunders. May 25. wtf
PRINTING, IN ALL ITS VARIETY, EXECUTED AT THE OFFICE OF THE ENQUIRER.
A GENERAL ASSORTMENT OF BLANKS, FOR SALE AT THIS OFFICE.