The Virginia gazette (Williamsburg [Va.]), 1771-07-11 00:00:00

VIRGINIA GAZETTE.
With the frehest ADVICES,
FOREIGN and DOMESTICK.
IN CIVITATE LIBERA LINGUAM MENTEMQUE
LIBERAS ESSE DEBERE. Suet. in Tib. S. 28.
Printed by ALEX. PURDIE, and JOHN DIXON, at the POST OFFICE.
LONDON, May 2.
Extract of a Letter from General Count Romanzoff, dated March 20, 1771, relative to the taking of Giurgovo by the Russians.
I HAVE the Honour to inform you that, continuing our Conquests along the Danube, we have taken the Fortress of Giurgovo. The General Oritz, Commander in Chief of our Forces in Wallachia, having received my Orders to approach Giurgovo on the Side towards Bucharest the 12th Instant, he found there the Enemy, consisting of ten Thousand Men, who attacked him as he was getting Possession of the first Intrenchment. He could not immediately take the second, because it was defended by the Cannon and a very deep Ditch. In the Night of the 15th, having divided his Troops in four Columns, he took the second Intrenchment by Assault, in Spite of the Fire of the Enemy from the Fortress. The Engagement lasted above three Hours, and the Enemy left four Thousand dead on the Spot. On our Part, there were only a Hundred and seventy three killed and a Hundred and ninety four wounded.
"The Turks retired into the Fortress, and continued firing, without Success, till the 18th. Our Batteries beginning to play, had such an Effect that the Towers and Walls were soon beat down, and their Magazine of Powder blown up. The Enemy, finding the Loss of the Place certain, desired to capitulate, which was granted. General Oritz permitted them to retire beyond the Danube. There were found in the Fortress eighteen Colours, sixty two Pieces or Brats Cannon, two Mortars, and a great Quantity of Provisions and Ammunition."
Extract of a Letter from the Hague, April 27.
"Private Letters, of good Authority, from Vienna, advise that the 20th of May is the Day on which an Answer is expected from the Court of Petersburg to the Plan of Peace with which Prince de Lobkowitz was charged to the Empress of Russia, which will determine the Proceedings of the Court of Vienna."
"A Report prevails that there has been an Insurrection of the Populace at Constantinople, which was likely to prove fatal to the Government; but no Particulars are mentioned. A quadruple Alliance is much talked of between Russia, Great Britain, Prussia, and the Republic of the United Provinces, which has revived the Report of twenty four Thousand Prussian Troops being to supply the Place of the Austrian Regiments that are to march out of the Netherlands."
They write from Petersburg that her Imperial Majesty has lately recalled all of her Subjects whatsoever from Banishment in Siberia, who had resided in that inhospitable Desert for the Term of seven Years.
This Morning a Courier, with Despatches of the last Importance, set out from his Excellency the Russian Ambassador's, in South Audley Street, for the Court of Petersburg.
There has not, at any Time for these forty Years past, subsisted so great a Coolness between the French Court and the States General, as at present.
The Doge of Venice lay at the Point of Death, when the last Letters came from thence, the 10th Ultimo.
They write from Hamburg that several capital Houses in that City had sustained considerable Damage by the overflowing of the Spring Tides from the adjacent Islands.
Letters from Elbneuer, dated April 10th, mention that there was then so much Ice there that it was impossible for the Ships to sail from thence, but they were in Hopes that in a few Days the Sound would be navigable. There were a Hundred Sail of Ships near in Shore, and in Sight of the Castle.
His Danish Majesty has published a Rescript, addressed to the Courts of Justice, requiring an equal Administration of Justice, and that just Demands be not withheld by the Great from inferior Persons, on any Pretence of Privilege. In Order to encourage the liberal Arts, his Majesty has established publick Schools for the Education of Youth, and has exempted printed Books from all Duties whatever.
We are informed that Lord Harcourt is not recalled from the Court of France, but has Leave to return home on his own private Affairs.
By Advices received from Tobago we learn that Island will produce as much Sugar and Rum, in three or four Years, as any Island in the West Indies. The Inhabitants expect they will make three Thousand Hogheads of Sugar this Year.
Sunday Evening an Express arrived over Land from Bombay, by which we learn that Heyder Ally has sued for Peace with the Morattoes; that he has also desired the Assistance of the English on this Occasion; and that, upon the Whole, it was generally imagined this Affair would, in a very short Time, be amicably adjusted. This little Check upon the Asiatick Chiefs has thrown great Weight into the Scale of the English, as it tends to con-
vince Heyder Ally and the Asiaticks of the absolute Necessity they are under of always keeping well with the English; and some Persons go so far as to hint that this little Discord between the Morattoes and Heyder Ally was, underhand, fomented even by the English themselves, more especially as the Express remarks that all was tranquil and quiet when he left Bombay. By the same Channel we are informed that Colonel Coote is on his Passage home, and that his Arrival may be expected in the Course of this Month.
Yesterday Lord Chatham made a Motion that an humble Address be presented to his Majesty, that he will be graciously pleased to dissolve the present Parliament; and after a long Debate, which lasted till eight o'Clock, the House divided, for the Motion twenty three, against it seventy two. The Speakers on this Occasion were Lord Chatham, Lord Chancellor, Dukes of Manchester and Richmond, Lord Sandwich, and Lord Mansfield.
Monday Evening the House of Commons put off the Stock-jobbing Bill sine die ; and at the same Time adjourned till Monday next, having finished the whole Business of the Session.
Thursday next being appointed for the breaking up of the Parliament, all the Members are to attend each Day of their Meeting until the above Time.
A great Personage will not, we are assured, go to the House of Peers any more this Session.
On Tuesday, in the House of Commons, Mr. Richard Whitworth made a Motion, which was seconded by Sir Robert Clayton, to thank the Select Committee of twenty one for their Inquiries into the late Orders of the House being disobeyed. The Ministry seeing the ludicrous Intention of the Motion, Lord North moved for the House to adjourn; and, after a short Debate, they adjourned accordingly till Monday next.
Alexander Murray, Esquire, who was self-banished some Years since for a Contempt of the House of Commons, has been lately recalled from his Exile by the King's Privy Seal.
It is said that the Honourable Charles James Fox will soon be promoted to a very important Office in Administration.
It is reported, with great Confidence, that a very extraordinary Preferment was lately offered to Serjeant Glynn, which he nobly refused, though it was tendered to him at the Instance of a great Personage.
We hear that Parson Horne is so highly in Esteem with the Premier that he has twice been admitted to his Levees.
The Office of Sheriff for the ensuing Year will, it is believed, produce one of the warmest Contests known for a long Time in this Country; as the interest of the different Candidates is almost equally powerful, and the Wishes of the People almost equally divided between them.
Notwithstanding it has been asserted that an Accommodation has taken Place between Mr. Wilkes and Mr. Oliver, we are assured no such Thing has ever been even in Contemplation; consequently the approaching Election of Sheriffs will produce great Embarrassments among the honest but inferior part of the Community, who whilst they are warmly attached to the one are wholly at a Loss to know how to give up the other.
At the Meeting of the Society of the Bill of Rights on Tuesday last Sir Joseph Mawbey took the Chair, when the Thanks of the Society was resolved to be given to such Members of the House of Commons as supported the Motion for shortening the Duration of Parliaments. The Society at the same Time particularly requested John Wilkes, Esquire, not to decline, on any Account, standing as a Candidate for the Office of Sheriff of this City for the Year ensuing.
Next Week the Bank of England will begin to deliver Lottery Tickets for the current Year, in Exchange for their Certificates.
The City and Liberty of Westminster are expected soon to address the Lord Mayor and Mr. Alderman Oliver.
There will be a Court of Common Council held on Tuesday next, at which the Opinions of two eminent Professors of the Law will be read touching the Confinement of the Right Honourable the Lord Mayor and Mr. Alderman Oliver.
It is said that a great Change will speedily take Place in the several Governments and Consulships in America, the West Indies, and the Mediterranean.
On Friday Evening last a Masquerade was given for the Amusement of the Children of Nobility in Soho Square, at the House of Lord Pigot. Nurtured in the Bosom of Frivolity and Luxury, it is not to be wondered if they wished to imitate their Pappas and Mammas, the bigger Children at Mrs. Coney's.
They write from Portsmouth that the Complement of Seamen intended for the Guardships there, which used to be about one Hundred and eighty Men, is to be augmented to four Hundred.
It is said that an Augmentation of eighty nine Men is to be made to the Royal Regiment of Horse Guards, and twenty nine private Men and one Serjeant to each of the light Troops belonging to the Dragoon Guards and Dragoons.
By the great Accession of Seamen lately discharged, and now discharging, from the Navy, the few remaining India Ships, which have been ready a considerable Time, will soon be excellently well manned, and will proceed on their respective Voyages as soon as the Wind permits, the advanced Season for those Climates having rendered a more than ordinary Despatch necessary.
Many of the British Officers who served in the Russian Navy in the Mediterranean last Year, with so much Bravery and Honour, finding there is no Likelihood of War with France or Spain, are preparing to set out again and resume their respective Commands in her Imperial Majesty's Service.
Within these few Days a great Number of Transports, some say to the Amount of two Thousand two Hundred Tons, has been taken into his Majesty's Service.
Besides the Ships of War now paying off at Portsmouth, Plymouth, &c. six other Ships of the Line are ordered to those Parts for the same Purpose.
The following Opinions of the Barons of Exchequer on Mr. Alderman Oliver's Case were delivered in Court on Tuesday last.
Baron Parker. The Question before the Court is whether Mr. Oliver is, or is not, illegally imprisoned, and the Solution of it depends upon the Competency and Extent of the Jurisdiction of the Commons. Now that they are competent, and indeed the sole Judges of their own Privileges, is allowed on all Hands. Coke, thirteen and fifty three, expressly holds this Doctrine, and he has in general been followed by all other Lawyers. How then can this Court pretend to take Cognizance of the Matter? No Case in Point has been quoted. If there were any to be found, I am convinced the Industry and Skill of my learned Brothers at the Bar would have brought them to Light. But there are many Cases on the other Side of the Question. Not to mention others, those of Shaftesbury, or the Aylesbury Men, and of Murray, are sufficient. In two of these the Judges were unanimous, and in the third none differed but Holt. As to the Lords, in the Affair of the Aylesbury Men, they were not unanimous. I have a Manuscript which shows that Cooper, the Lord Keeper, disagreed with Holt. The Law therefore is settled, and we cannot judge of these Matters but incidentally. Wilkes's Case is here brought forward. But was Wilkes, or Colonel Pitt, committed by the House of Commons? By no Means. The Cases there are not parallel. What is the Result? We cannot alter the Laws; and Mr. Oliver must, in my Opinion, be remanded.
Baron Smythe. The Matter has been so fully and clearly stated by my Lord Chief Baron that Nothing remains for me to say, but that I entirely agree with him in Opinion.
Baron Adams. The House has certainly a Right to commit for Breaches of Privilege, by ancient and immemorial Usage. Had they not this Power they could not subsist as a Body, more than other Courts. A Messenger is certainly a proper Officer of the Court; and the Imprisonment of that Officer a Contempt. The Commons are certainly the only Judges of their own Privileges; they can never come before us but incidentally. There is no Precedent for it, but many against it. From Shaftesbury's and Murray's Cases, it appears that they may commit generally; and they are very properly intrusted with this Power, for if the People cannot trust them whom can they trust? Thus then the Commons have a competent Jurisdiction. Their Adjudications is a Judgment, and their Commitment an Execution; and our Authority does not extend to these Cases. The Prisoner therefore must be remanded.
Baron Perrot. The Question before the Court is whether the Prisoner is under legal or illegal Confinement. If he is legally deprived of his Liberty, he must be remanded; but if he is not, he must be discharged. Now though it is certain that this Court does frequently take Notice of Privilege, yet, in this Case, it would be absurd; because it would render the inferior the superior Court, and breed infinite Confusion and Disorder. The Commons being confessedly the sole Judges of their own Privileges, except when they come incidentally before other Courts, we cannot examine the Principle of the Commitment; and if we cannot examine the Principle, so neither can we examine the Circumstances and Consequences arising from it. There is certainly good Sense in the Objection made against the Execution of the Warrant by the Messenger, were the Forms of the House examinable by us; but that is their own Province, and cannot here be drawn into Question. As to the Distinction made between a Breach of Privilege and a Contempt, it is idle, because they are synonymous Terms. Upon the Whole, I am, from the clearest Conviction, for remanding the Prisoner.

Extract of a Letter from Abingdon, April 30. Yesterday, at Half an Hour after five in the Afternoon, a smart Shock of an Earthquake was felt through the whole Length of this Town. It was but momentary, yet sufficiently distinguished by many Persons so as to find themselves lifted up in their Chairs, and the Pavement moved at the same Time. Some, who were drinking Tea, observed the Cups and Saucers to vibrate strongly upon the Table; in other Houses, the Tables quivered against the Wall, as if shaken with the Motion of some Carriage, and with such Sort of Noise. How far this Motion of the Earth has been felt in the neighbouring Country we have not yet heard, nor of any Mischief that has been done by it. The Wind was easterly, and remarkably still at the Time, though the preceding Part of the Afternoon had been rather high, and some Rain had fallen.
BOSTON, June 17.
WE are assured that the House of Representatives, on Friday last, ordered a solemn Protest to be entered on their Journal against all such Doctrines, Principles, and Practices, as tended to establish ministerial Instructions for Laws within this Province; and particularly against the present Manner of exercising the Prerogative, in convening and holding the General Assembly at Harvard College, in Cambridge, merely by Virtue of Instructions, as an intolerable Grievance, which ought speedily to be redressed.
NEW YORK, June 17.
FOR the Safety of Vessels coming into and going to Sea from the Port of New York, the Matter and Wardens of the said Port did last Week place a large Can Buoy on the south west Spit of the east Bank, in eighteen Feet Water at low Water, bearing from the Lighthouse on Sandy Hook north west and by west Half west, and from the Bluff of Staten Island, making the Narrows south Half east. Vessels going down must keep in five Fathom Water until they open the Buoy with the Point of Sandy Hook, which will clear them of the Spit. They find that the first of the Flood sets about south west and by west for two Hours, and is apt to draw Vessels upon the west Bank.
Captain Boyd, in twenty eight Days from the Bay of Honduras, the 28th of May, in Latitude twenty one, Longitude seventy seven, spoke with a Ship and two Snows from Cadiz, for the Havannah, with a Number of Sailors on Board, to man several eighty Gun Ships that were building there; and two Days after he also spoke with a Brig from some Port in Spain, for the Havannah likewise, with Seamen also for the like Purpose, the Captain of which Vessel acquainted Captain Boyd that five others sailed in Company with him, all bound for the Havannah.
Saturday last were committed to our Jail, Peter Kelleghan, and Benjamin Smith, on Suspicion of being concerned in robbing the Store of Messrs. Willing and Taylor, of Philadelphia. They came to Town from the southward the Day they were apprehended, and a large Sum of Money was found in their Possession when taken up, of the Receipt of which they gave an unsatisfactory Account.
PHILADELPHIA, June 20.
Extract of a Letter from London, April 23.
THE Exhibition opens to-morrow, when our Friend Mr. West will figure highly. His Quebec Scene cannot fail of being universally admired. Besides this, he exhibits a noble Picture of Hannibal, swearing Enmity to the Romans, in which he has given full Scope to his rich Imagination. I have no Doubt, if his Life should be spared twenty Years, but he will make such Improvements as will place his Name among the first Class of Painters. His Application is unwearied.
Extract of another Letter from London, of the same Date. "I find, by the good Precaution taken, you are very apprehensive of a War; but it will not be so speedy as that, though generally believed to be at no great Distance."
Extract of a Letter from London, April 24.
"The Parliament is still sitting. At present they are not engaged in any Thing that occupies the publick Attention. The Lord Mayor and Mr. Oliver are yet in the Tower, and will probably remain there until the Parliament rises. The Lord Mayor was brought up to Westminster Hall the Day before yesterday upon a Habeas Corpus, in Order to obtain his Discharge. Serjeant Glynn managed the Argument in Behalf of his Lordship, and in vain exerted his Eloquence and Abilities in his Favour. He was remanded, by the unanimous Opinion of the whole Court. The Chief Justice De Grey, and Mr. Justice Blackstone, distinguished themselves by the Accuracy and Strength of their Reasoning. For my own Part, although I have no Doubt that the Lord Mayor and Mr. Oliver are illegally confined by the House of Commons, yet I do not think it is in the Power of any Court in Westminster to afford them Relief. This is indeed a hard Case, but should notwithstanding be submitted to, as a partial Inconvenience, in Order to avoid the general Mischiefs and Confusion which would arise from an opposite Conduct."
Captain Osborn, from London, on the 15th of May, in Latitude 32 : 15, Longitude 22 : 10, spoke the Ship Flora, Captain Carter, who left Bristol some Time in March, bound to South Carolina, but meeting with heavy Gales had stove his Water and damaged his Bread, and was obliged to put into some Port of France to get a fresh Supply, and was then seventeen Days out. Captain Carter told Captain Osborn that the French were paying off their Men and laying up the Ships lately fitted out; he also told him that he had a few Days before spoke a Vessel from Spain, the Captain of which told him that the Spaniards also were laying up their Men of War, &c.
Monday last arrived here the Ship Newry Packet, Captain Charles Robinson, in six Weeks from Newry. He brought out three Hundred and forty Passengers, who all arrived in good Health, Part of which he landed at New-castle.
WILLIAMSBURG, July 11.
THIS Day the GENERAL ASSEMBLY met at the Capitol, agreeable to the PRESIDENT's Proclamation, when his Honour opened the Session with the following SPEECH.
Gentlemen of the COUNCIL, Mr. SPEAKER, and Gentlemen of the HOUSE OF BURGESSES,
THE very great and heavy Losses which many respectable Gentlemen Merchants, and other Inhabitants of this Colony, have sustained by the late overflowing of the Rivers (as expressed in their Memorial, a Copy of which shall be delivered to you) have inclined me, with the Advice of his Majesty's Council, to call you together at this unexpected Time, that you may have the earliest Opportunity of considering what ought to be done for the speedy Relief of the Sufferers by so general and extensive a Calamity.
The unfavourable Influences which this unhappy Event must have on the Credit of some, in which many of the People might be deeply involved, if the Consideration of it should be long deferred, I hope will be a sufficient Apology for my convening you at this Season of the Year, when I know your own private Affairs require your more immediate Care and Attention.
Mr. SPEAKER, and Gentlemen of the House of Burgesses, I have desired the principal Sufferers to be prepared, against this Meeting, with a particular State of their several Losses, to be immediately laid before you, that the Business may take up as little of your Time as possible; and as the Relief which may be expected must originate with you, I cannot but in the warmest Manner recommend their Case to your serious Consideration, not in the least doubting but that those Sentiments of Justice, Honour, and Humanity, which have been your Guide in all similar Instances, will, upon this Occasion also, form the Rule of your Conduct.
Gentlemen of the Council, Mr. SPEAKER, and Gentlemen of the House of Burgesses, Humbly to submit to the Hand of Providence, in every Dispensation, is the indispensable Duty of us all; but I consider it as equally incumbent on us to endeavour to heal the Wounds which this Stroke hath given, as far as our Situation and the Circumstances of the Country will permit. For my own Part, I feel so sensibly for the Sharers in this melancholy Catastrophe that I shall be happy if, by my Assent to your Resolutions, I can be, in any Degree, instrumental in alleviating their Distresses.
I should be wanting in the Duty I owe to his Majesty, and the affectionate Regard I bear to this Country, if I did not embrace this first Opportunity which hath offered, since the Administration devolved upon me, of publicly condoling with you on the Death of our most worthy Governor, the Right Honourable Lord BOTETOURT; a Loss the more to be lamented by us, as we were the frequent Witnesses of his Excellency's constant and uniform Exertion of every publick and private Virtue, and had abundant Reason to be convinced that he made the real Happiness of this Colony an Object of his most ardent Wishes. But though we may be desirous of paying a just Tribute of Praise and Gratitude to such excellent Merit, let us be comforted, from this Persuasion, that the same favourable Attention and Regard to the true Interest and Welfare of his Majesty's faithful Subjects of Virginia, which led to the Appointment of this noble Lord to preside over us, will ever incline our most gracious Sovereign to fill the same Department with a Successor equally entitled to our dutiful and affectionate Esteem.
On Friday the 5th Instant departed this life at Mount Hermon, in King George County, in the fortieth Year of his Age, Mr. JOHN NELSON, who was much esteemed, and his Death deeply regretted by his numerous Acquaintances. He was interred at Falmouth, where he chiefly resided as a Merchant above twenty Years. Being an old presiding Master of the ancient and honourable Society of Free Masons, the United Brethren of Fredericksburg and Falmouth Lodges attended his Funeral, and in proper Form paid him the lasting Honours due to a worthy Member.
[Marriages.] JOHN PAGE, Junior, Esquire, to Miss BETSEY BURWELL, only Daughter of Lewis Burwell, Esquire, of King's Mill.
A R R I V A L S.
In James River, the Prince George, Fawn, from London, and the Argyle, Wilson, from Glasgow.
To the PRINTER.
I DOUBT not but the Loss sustained by the Publick, in the late Fresh, may cause the Question to be agitated in the House of Burgesses whether the Warehouses at Shocko and Byrd's shall be removed, and I agree that many in the Colony are interested in the Determination, as to the Place where they shall be established; but it is an unlucky Circumstance that the Interest of the Planter, who wrote in Kind's of the 27th Ultimo, and that of a very few of his Friends, should be so directly opposite to the real Interest of the Community, at least to that of nineteen in every twenty of those who bring Tobacco to those Warehouses. I shall not pretend to throw much Light on the Subject, as I cannot suppose that any Thing the Planter or I have said, or can say, in a publick Paper, can have any Influence on the Opinions of our Representatives, even supposing we both adhere strictly to Truth; but I hope to be excused if it should appear, to the Impartial and Disinterested, that most of his Performance is inconsistent with Truth and fair Representation.
The Warehouses may not only be fixed at Shocko, on Land higher than we have hitherto known the Water to flow, but they may be set upon a convenient Level, twenty Feet perpendicular above the Flowing of the Water, at the Height of the late Fresh; and if the Planter apprehends any Danger from one of that Height, it is Time for him to consider the Situation of his own Dwelling, unless he is already provided with a Seat as high as RICHMOND HILL.
The Land proposed for the Warehouses, on the upper Side of the Creek, is situated but eighty eight Yards farther from the Wharf than Shocko Warehouse, and is about the same Distance from it as Byrd's, has an easy Descent to the River, much preferable to what Art can effect at Rockett's, and the Ascent from it to the Top of Shocko Hill is likewise gradual and easy. That this is not the Case with Rockett's will be readily acknowledged by all who are acquainted with the Place, unless it be those few whose Minds are involved in the Clouds of Self-Interest. But, for the Information of such as are Strangers, permit me to mention what the Planter either forgot, or thought proper to conceal. From Byrd's Warehouses to the highest Part of the Hill proposed for the Warehouses at Rockett's is just a Mile, the Way very hilly and difficult, and from thence to the Wharf a Quarter more. Here the Planter might observe that when One is on the Way, a Mile is a Trifle; but when it is considered that most of the Tobacco that comes to those Warehouses is brought down to Westham by Water, and from thence six Miles to Shocko by Waggons, for which the Owners pay four Shillings and Sixpence or five Shillings a Hoghead, the additional Mile, in Proportion to the Distance, would add one Sixth to the Expense. But the Waggons say they cannot afford to do it for less than one Third more, as they declare they can bring three Hogheads at a Load to Shocko with greater Ease than two to Rockett's, the Road between the two being so steep and broken; add to this the Inconvenience of the Creek, which is often impassable several Days together, except by Boats and Canoes. Here the Tobacco must stop, pay Ferriage, or go six or seven Miles round. All this additional Expense the Owners must unavoidably pay; and as it can be made appear that out of five Thousand Hogheads, which are received at these Warehouses, upwards of four Thousand eight Hundred are made on the upper Side of the said Creek, it is hoped little Regard will be paid to a few deeply interested Petitioners who live below it; two or three of whom, being the principal Promoters of the disinterested Scheme, as they would have it believed, hold all the Lands at and adjoining Rockett's. Let but those Men once get Warehouses established there, and the patriotic Mask will soon be thrown aside. Then may we hope to see Trade diffused like the Rays of the Sun (though it cannot be expected to proceed from the Influence of the Warehouses, as they will then be three Hundred and ninety Yards without the Town, instead of being placed near the Centre, as will be the Case if they remain at Shocko) and not cramped and confined as it is by the Merchants at Shocko, who are said to have engrossed all the Lands adjoining. This, however, is so far from being the Case, that upwards of two Hundred Lots may be purchased on reasonable Terms, and very short Notice; and whoever has said the contrary was either mistaken, or guilty of Misrepresentation. Should the Warehouses ever be removed to Rockett's, the Makers of Tobacco will soon find their Interest to carry it to Page's, Rocky Ridge, &c. rather than submit to so much Trouble and Expense; and that this is the Design of some of the distant Petitioners, who have no Connexion with the Trade to this Place, may be seen with Half an Eye. It is vain for one Man, or a Number, to say they will set up Waggons, and carry Tobacco from Westham to Rockett's for the Price now paid to Shocko, even supposing they can give sufficient Security for their Performance Half a Century to come, since there are others who will engage to carry it to Shocko for one Shilling a Hoghead less than they shall to Rockett's, let that be what it will, and give Security equally indisputable. But those Men, who now offer so fair, cannot be supposed so blind to their own Interest as to suffer the Waggons to impose on the Publick, so many Years past, without endeavouring to share the Spoil. But, says the Planter, the Water Carriage will be proportionably less. Does he not know that the worst of Water Carriage is but a Trifle, compared to that by Land?
Or why were the Warehouses moved from Hood's, on the River, to Noble's, up a difficult Creek? And many Instances of the same Kind might be produced. And does he not know that the Freight of every Kind of Commodity to and from Rockett's always has been, and is now, exactly the same, from any Where down the River, as that to Shocko.
As to the Security for keeping the Channel open, I dare say none has ever been offered; nor does it appear necessary to be required. If it was ever mentioned in Conversation, it proceeded, I suppose, from a full Conviction that as long as a large Quantity of Water runs between the Wharf and the Island it will always find its Way to the River, and consequently open the Channel, in a short Time, as has been the Case since the late extraordinary Fresh; and that Quantity of Water may be easily increased, which will of Course improve the Navigation. But let us suppose that the Proprietor of the Lands where the Warehouses are proposed to be set should remove the Warehouses at his own Expense, and receive the Storage, could the Country, in that Case, run any Risk, from the supposed Uncertainty of a proper Navigation?
Unless the Planter will give up the Person who informed him that Tobacco has been carted to Rockett's, to be shipped, he must not take it amiss if he is accounted the Maker and Vender of a downright Falsehood; for here the Negative can be positively proved. Upon the Whole, the Situation proposed at Shocko has many natural Advantages, and is capable of much Improvement; that at Rockett's has but one from Nature, and is almost incapable of any from Art.
I have now, I think, given a thorough Weeding to the Planter's Performance; although I assure his Friend, and Fellow Landholder, that some of his delicious Cherries and Strawberries, with a sweet Nofegay from his Garden, would have afforded me a more agreeable Entertainment. I am (but it matters not) since I can subscribe myself DISINTERESTED.
To the Reverend SAMUEL HENLEY, Professor of Moral Philosophy in William & Mary College.
SIR, YOU have thought proper, in your Letter, to introduce the Subject of Dispute between us with Something said of yourself, and Something said of me. I must follow you in this Track. Was I so full of Vanity as to mistake Sneer for Compliment, I should have Nothing to offer on this Head besides Acknowledgments; but, not being possessed of that Degree of Vanity, I will not return you counterfeit Thanks, and I can have no other to return. I desire you to be afraid of Nothing, but what we both ought to be afraid of, that of being wrong in Respect to a Question of Importance. Without either Compliment or Sneer, I have so good an Opinion of your Abilities that I shall always rejoice to see them employed in a good Cause, and on a Subject which you have studied; and I am very sensible that if I shall have any Advantage over you in this Dispute it will be entirely owing either to the Goodness of my Cause or to my having considered it with some Attention; to which we humdrum Fellows, of slow Conceptions, are apt to fly for Shelter, as having Nothing else to depend upon, while you brilliant Geniuses rely too much on the Lustre of Capacity alone, unassisted by the Labour and Fatigue of Investigation.
I desire no better Proof of an Opponent's Inability to maintain his Assertions than to see a Man of your Parts reduced to cavil and play with Words, of which there are several Instances in your Letter. But to take you in Order: You say if the twelve Clergymen who composed the Convention did not do Business by Way of Representation, then they "could enter into no Transaction which concerned more than themselves." Why so? Your Pleading this is not surely all that is necessary to prove it. I will put the Supposition more favourably than perhaps you desire. Suppose twelve Clergymen, not met in Convention; suppose the Church of England to be only tolerated here; suppose these twelve Clergymen, not met in Convention, should take the Circumstances and Necessities of the Church under their Consideration, as Associates for the Rights of their Church and Religion, and should thereupon petition the King for a Bishop, who should create no Expense to the Community, to assist themselves and their Brethren in the Discharge of their Duty, and to govern themselves and their Brother Clergymen of the same Church, what Offence would they be guilty of? I know of none. If you know of any, point it out. Observe, in considering this Case you must take for granted that a Bishop to assist, and a Bishop at the Head of a Court of Clergymen to call delinquent Clergymen to Account, is agreeable not only to the twelve Associates but to their Brethren; for their Brethren, as well as they, have already declared their Minds in this Point, by subscribing to be conformable to this Form of ecclesiastical Government. An American Episcopate is of more Consequence than an Address to the Governor; therefore there was the more Reason not to suffer it to drop, or delay the Address for it, in the present Circumstances of the Clergy. What you suppose in your third Paragraph my farther Recollection will discover, my farther Recollection has not discovered; and how the Inference with which you close the Paragraph follows from the Premises, I do not discern.
In your fourth Paragraph, you call upon me for an ingenious Explanation of the Terms American Episcopate. I will ingeniously tell you what is meant by the Use of these Terms, according to my Notion of the Matter, if that will satisfy you. We mean then, by these Terms, not to be particular to the King concerning such Points as these, whether the Episcopate shall extend to Part of the Clergy of Virginia only, or to all the Clergy of Virginia, or to the Clergy of Virginia with the Clergy of some other Provinces added to them. Such Points as these we leave to the Discretion of his Majesty, who, best knowing what Applications he has received, is best able to adjust such Points as these. You say, if the Clergy of the northern Colonies have requested a Bishop for more than themselves, the Clergy of this Province must have been egregiously injured. On the other Hand, in my Opinion, if the Clergy of the northern Colonies had, without our Assistance, procured a Bishop for us, they had done us a very acceptable Piece of Service, for which they would have been entitled to our most hearty Thanks; and I know not how any Clergyman of this Dominion can think otherwise, consistently with his Subscription to be conformable to the Constitution of the Church of England. You charge me with Inconsistency, in first saying that episcopal Government in the Church was interwoven with the Constitution of the State, and afterwards calling episcopal Government here a Non-Entity. Let us see what I did say. I said that episcopal Government in the Church was interwoven with the Constitution of the State; that notwithstanding this, by the Conduct of several successive Bishops of London, episcopal Government of the Church, as to actual Operation, had ceased here for many Years; and that therefore your calling the present Government of the Bishop of London here mild, just, and equitable, was giving those Epithets to a Non-Entity. With Submission, whatever you may think to effect by your Management of my Words, there is in all this no Inconsistency of Ideas, no sentiments, nay not so much as verbal Inconsistency. For the Repugnancy between what we desire concerning an American Episcopate, and the natural Rights of Mankind, you refer me to my own Heart: A short Method of proceeding! Well, to please you, I have consulted my own Heart again. I find no such Repugnancy there; and if I should find any such Repugnancy there, I apprehend I should, at the same Time, find a Repugnancy between the natural Rights of Mankind and religious Liberty: For, if I mistake not, what we desire concerning an American Episcopate is founded on the Principles of religious Liberty. For the Repugnancy between what we desire concerning an American Episcopate, and the fundamental Laws of the Colonies, you refer me to the Charters of the Colonies. You should have told me too where these Charters are to be seen. I concerned you so much to give us some Extracts from these Charters, on this Occasion, that your omitting to give us such Extracts is, I think, a Proof that you have seen as little of these Charters as I have.
In your fifth Paragraph, you labour hard to make out some Relation between the American Episcopate which we desire and the Dispute between the Mother Country and her Colonies. You ask me if I have "forgotten the Violences in New England occasioned by the Stamp Act." Answer, no. But this shows a Relation not between these Violences and our American Episcopate, but between these Violences and the Stamp Act. You go on, "If Men have been driven to such Extremities, when contending pro Facie, what may we not expect when pro Aris is added?" That is, in plain English, when Men are driven to Extremities by an Attack on their civil Liberty, what may we not expect when an Attack on their religious Liberty is added? I answer, our American Episcopate is no Attack on either civil or religious Liberty, but has its Foundation in both. You add, "Perhaps you may be ignorant that one Cause the civil War now raging in North Carolina is an Aversion to ecclesiastical Establishment." And would you have us to throw aside all ecclesiastical Establishment, for Fear the Example of the Regulators in North Carolina should be followed throughout America? If ecclesiastical Establishment was any Cause of the Rebellion there, it was perhaps because the Establishment was new, or because it occasioned new Taxes; but our American Episcopate can occasion no Taxes, nor is it any new Establishment in the Church of England. Thus those little Clouds which you saw gathering in the Horizon of our American Episcopate are already vanished, and the Sky is become quite clear again.
In your sixth Paragraph, you mention my saying it could never succeed on the Commissary's proposing an Application to the Legislature for that Concurrence. I was not so silly as to suppose any Thing I said in Convention a Secret! though it seems you did, and therefore take the Mitt

of publishing it. I will not disguise my having said the above Words, though I do not remember it. I will not endeavour to palliate or explain them by what else I said. Let them stand as they do, and make the most of them. It was natural for me to use such Words, because I had conceived a Notion, whether right or wrong, that the Legislature might like very well to see the Clergy introduce such a Bishop as we desire, yet might not like very well to give their open and active Concurrence to our Scheme, for fear of raising either Hopes or Fears of a Bishop to come who would occasion new Taxes for his Support, or who would be possessed of more Powers than are necessary to correct the Irregularities of the Clergy. Neither in this Notion, nor in what I said, I can truly affirm, did I mean any the least Disrespect to the Legislature. Throw them ever so often into your Alarm, and there try upon them the alternate Heat and Chills of your Resentment, you will never be able to distil from them any Appearance of Disrespect to the Legislature. And thus I make myself easy on this Article.
In the seventh Paragraph, you say that to have proved the Bishop of London's Government to the Clergy here, at present, not to be mild, just, and equitable, I should have proved his Administration to be inquisitorial, injudicious, or harsh. Indeed now I cannot but be obliged to you for this Information, for had you not given me this Information I should never have thought that he who undertakes to prove any Thing not to be white undertakes to prove it to be black. I should have thought that he did enough to acquit himself of his Undertaking if he proved the Thing in Question to be neither white nor black, by showing it to be of no Colour. I am equally surprised that you should write against our Plan, without knowing what it is, and that you should not know what it is. It has been so often mentioned in publick that there is no Occasion to repeat the Mention of it here. Your Art of screwing out of what I said, concerning the Fall of episcopal Government in the Church formerly, a Discovery that we intend to introduce a far different Sort of Bishop from that which we profess to desire, not to mention your Railery thereupon, is an Art by which you may prove any Thing out of any Thing. It is one of the most high strained Refinements of Sulpicion. But beware, Sir, of the Refinements of Sulpicion; for, though they may show a subtle Head, they are no Mark of a good Heart. To what you say of a suffragan Bishop I shall oppose a Passage from a Letter of a worthy and learned Friend of mine, who has written to me on the Subject. "Mr. Henley, in his Authorities from Godolphin, Gibson, Wood, and Burn, should have gone farther, and said, that these subsidiary, suffragan, or titular Bishops, were consecrated by the Archbishop of the Province, to execute such Power and Authority as were limited in the Commissions by the Bishops whose Suffragans they were. The Bishop that shall nominate the Suffragan, or the Suffragan himself that shall be nominated, shall provide two Bishops, or Suffragans, to consecrate him with the Archbishop. The Suffragans then have a Power to consecrate (26. 11. 8.) By the same Act, the Person so consecrated shall have such Power, Authority, and Reputation, concerning the Execution of such Commission, as by any of the Archbishops or Bishops, within their Diocese, shall be given to the said Suffragans, as to Suffragans of this Realm heretofore hath been used and accustomed. Upon which Doctor Gibson makes this Observation: There is no Doubt but the Persons received to be suffragan Bishops in England, before the making of this Act, were confined to the Exercise of such Powers only as they had Commission from Time to Time (Gibson, 335.) And their Office usually was to confirm, ordain, dedicate Churches, and the like; that is, to execute those Things which pertain to the episcopal Office. Among which I reckon Suspension and Degradation, for I thing that he who can ordain and consecrate can also suspend and degrade; he who can give a Power being qualified to take it away, on Occasion of Mal-practices, by which it ought to be forfeited."
I cannot be reconciled to your Treatment of so able, so humane, so moderate, so generous, so liberal, so good and great a Man, in every Respect, as the late Archbishop of Canterbury, Doctor Secker, was. Surely, Sir, it could be no Disgrace to Doctor Secker to contrive a publick spirited Scheme, which was not carried into Execution before his Decease, when that Execution depended not on the Contriver, but on others. Surely to have written de Partu difficili , or an obstetrical Pamphlet , at a Time when he intended to practice the Art of Midwifery, could no more render him a fit Object of Ridicule than to have been a Physician could render one of the Evangelists a fit Object of Ridicule. Where was your Disposition to give Honour, where Honour is due, when you fell upon Secker in such a Manner? Was it not taking a Nap? Having taken this Notice of the Injustice of your Reflections upon Secker, I will be bold enough to examine what you have said of him as a Piece of Wit. True Wit, you know, lies in the Remembrance of Ideas. Secker contrived a Scheme, without any Pain or Hurt to his Health; he communicated his Scheme without any Difficulty or Injury to his Health; he lived some Time after the Communication of his Scheme, and died of a Disorder that had no Relation to his Scheme. Secker then, with Respect to his Scheme, may be justly compared to a Woman who is easily and safely delivered of a promising Child at the proper Season, who lives several Years after the Birth of her Child, and at last dies from another Cause, leaving her Child to survive her, and make his Way in the World without her Assistance. Your ludicrous Comparison, therefore, of Secker to a Woman, who, after a long and sore Labour, at last fatally miscarries of a still-born Foetus, not being founded in any Remembrance of Ideas, must either be false Wit, or an unhappy Attempt at true Wit, of which you have miscarried. What but a Skill in the Misuse or Perversion of my Words could make you pretend to think that I said any Thing of CONTEMPORARY Bishops of London? Arguing from Premises laid down by you, I made Mention of a supposed Conspiracy, in which successive Bishops of London must have been engaged. If a Conspiracy lasts any Time, it is not necessary that all the Members of it should be living together at any one Instant of it. Old Members may die off, and new Ones be received into it, during its Continuance, between its first Rise and final Catastrophe. Admitting all I said of a suffragan Bishop to have been a Mistake, admitting that a suffragan Bishop cannot have Power to correct the Irregularities of the Clergy, cannot have Power to hold ecclesiastical Courts, cannot have such Power as the Bishop's Commissary has formerly had, either by the Laws in Being, or by a new Law (which, by the Bye, seems very strange) admitting, I say, all this, yet I mentioned enough of another Kind to show the Invalidity of your Plea in bringing your Oath of canonical Obedience against an American Episcopate. But this Oath, it seems, must not be mentioned by an Opponent, though it may by you; for, say you, "it was offered by the Protesters in Defence of their Conduct, but is too keen a Weapon to be used in Attack. If, however, you will force it into my Hand, keen as it is, I must urge it home." Twice you have menaced me; once before about dissecting my Argument, and now about arguing your keen Weapon home . I will not say that it concerns you as much to parry as to thrust; but this I will say, that, in my Opinion, you had better kill a Man at once than thus endeavour to frighten him to Death. I am sure I have Reason to wish that you would not talk, I mean write , in so threatening a Manner; for reflecting on this one Night a little before I went to sleep, and this bringing into my Mind a Farce which I had formerly seen acted on the Stage, both together, I suppose, made me dream that I was spread out flat on my Back before you, that you were flourishing over me a large dissecting Instrument, and expressing aloud the Satisfaction you should enjoy in nipping me up, while I trembled under the most agonizing Fears, lest you should every Moment uncover my Systole and Diastole, until at last I was awakened in a cold Sweat by the Agitation that such Apprehensions had put me into. I wish, indeed, that you would not use those Words, which, though only addressed by you to the Eye, yet, from some strange Intercourse between my optical and auditory Nerves, have the Property of leaving most dreadful Sounds in my Ears. Notwithstanding this With, you are heartily welcome to unload my Mistakes as much as you please; for I had much rather that all my Mistakes should be exposed to the publick View than that one Reader should be in Danger of being misled, by my Errors in Reasoning. With Regard to the distressful Sounds that I complain of, I know you argue that your words, being in a Letter, and therefore addressed only to the Eye, cannot produce any terrifying Sounds. A Letter, you say, is as silent as a Tombstone. Yes; Sir, so it is; as silent as a Tombstone with an Inscription upon it. Yet a Piece of blank Paper is more silent than a Letter, because it is as silent as a Tombstone without an Inscription. But why should you put me to the Trouble of explaining a Matter which can be no Mystery to you? Why should a Man, of your real Understanding in Philology, or the Nature and Quantities of Language, as well as in other Sciences, when it will serve a present Turn, such as introducing Struldbrugs , or a Scrap of Latin, affect to pass for so mere a Simpleton as not to know that Paper, when written upon, or printed, speaks; that Tombstones speak when inscribed; and that there are fanciful people in the World, who, while they read with their Lips close shut, hear with their Eyes the Sounds of those Words which they read? Might pretty Controversy this!
I find, by one Passage of your Letter, that I am too long to please you when I write; and, by another Passage in your Letter, that I am too short to please you, when I speak. I had no Intention to disoblige you, either by my Prolidity in the one Case, or by my Brevity in the other. But if it should be my Misfortune to get out of your Favour without intending Offence, I must endeavour to bear that as I bear all other Misfortunes which I could neither foresee nor avoid.
I am, Sir,
Your very humble Servant,
JOHN CAMM.
Advertisements.
THE Subscribers think it necessary to give
Notice that the Tract of Land in King William , called Tuckermans , which they see is to be offered for Sale on the 18th of this Instant ( July ) is under a prior Mortgage to them; and that unless the Balance due on the said Mortgage (which is about one Hundred and fifty Pounds) is first paid, no Title will be made by them, and any made by other Persons will be disputed.
PHILIP W. CLAIBORNE. CARTER BRAXTON.
NORFOLK, July 7, 1771.
IN Consequence of a legal Survey and Con-
demnation, as unfit for Sea, on Tuesday the 30th Instant will be sold at Portsmouth , for ready Money, for the Benefit of the Owners or Insurers, the Hull, Materials, &c. of the Ship HANOVER PLANTER , Musjee Livingston late Master. 2 GILCHRIST & TAYLOR.
IMPORTED in the Boyd, Captain John
Harravell , from Glasgow , without a Bill of Lading, a CASK marked I & P, No. 1. The Owner may have it on applying to the Subscriber at Port Royal . JAMES DUNLOP.
IMPORTED in the Prince George, from
London , just arrived in James River , two Casks marked RH, No. 1 and 2, for which there is no Bill of Lading, neither is it known who shipped them or to whom they are consigned. The Owner may have them on proving his Property, paying Freight, and the Charge of this Advertisement. 2 JOHN FAWN.
JOHN BRUCE, M. A.
HAS opened a PUBLICK SCHOOL over against the Church, at the Head of Cumberland Street , Norfolk ; and proposes to teach the GREEK, LATIN, and ENGLISH Languages, NAVIGATION, BOOK-KEEPING, ARITHMETICK, and MATHEMATICKS; where those who choose to favour him with the Instruction of their Children may depend on all due Attention being paid to their Education. 2||
WANTED,
SOME CARPENTERS to erect a Furnace about a Quarter of a Mile from Recovery Furnace , in Spotsylvania County . Also a Number of WOODCUTTERS. The Price given is one Shilling and Tenpence a Cord, to find themselves Provisions and Tools; but, if their Owners live too far off, they may be supplied at the Furnace. I should have no Objection to hiring by the Month, or Year, if agreeable. ANTHONY THORNTON, Junior.
YORK County, July 3, 1771.
WHEREAS several Persons who became
Purchasers at the Sale of the late John Howard's Estate have failed in complying with the Advertisements, in not giving Bond and Security, as required, this is to let such know that unless they come and give Bond and Security by the last Day of this Instant ( July ) their Purchases will be deemed as prompt Payments, and Suits commenced without farther Notice from the Executors. 2||
A BALE marked I & P, No. 7, was brought
from Shoals , by Mistake, and landed at the Subscriber's, in King and Queen County . The Owner is desired to take it away and pay the Charges. JOHN MEREDITH.
Wanted on Charter for Liverpool,
A VESSEL from two Hundred and fifty to three Hundred Hogheads Burthen, to load at Norfolk , with a Cargo that can be put alongside at a few Days Notice.
I have for Sale choice Barbados RUM and SPIRIT, Grenada and Jamaica RUM, MUSCOVADO SUGAR, COFFEE, GINGER, PIMENTA, and large SALT. 2 JOHN GREENWOOD.
To be LEASED for a Term of Years, and entered upon by the 25th of November next,
A TRACT of LAND pleasantly situated, opposite to the Borough of Norfolk , commonly called Windmill Point , on which are two Brick WINDMILLS completely fitted for grinding, with a large BAKEHOUSE containing four Ovens and three Bolting Mills all under one Roof, a large Granary sufficient to contain four or five Thousand Bushels of Wheat, with some Negroes, among whom are Millers, Bakers, and a Wench; also a commodious Dwellinghouse with four Rooms on a Floor, and all necessary Outhouses belonging thereto. Any Gentleman inclined to take a Lease of the above Place may know the Terms by applying to Matthew Phipp , Esquire, of the Borough of Norfolk , or to the Subscriber on the Premises. 2|| ROBERT TUCKER.
AS I intend to remove up the Country next
Fall, I would sell my Plantation in King & Queen County , which consists of six Hundred and fifty five Acres of LAND, pleasantly situated on Mattaponny River , about six Miles above West Point , and has on it a very good neat convenient Brick House with two large Rooms, two Closets, and a Passage on a Floor, with good Cellars under it, two very pleasant Porticoes, one above and the other below Stairs, neatly finished, with Banisters and India Work, a very convenient Storehouse sixty Feet long, with two Floors and a Cellar, and all other Outhouses necessary, Garden, &c. in good Order. The Land is good for Corn, and with Manure will produce fine Tobacco. There is also belonging to the above mentioned Tract one Hundred Acres of Marsh, lying opposite, on the other Side the River, which is very convenient for getting Hay, &c. Any Person inclined to purchase may be shown the same, and know the Terms, by applying to JOHN MEREDITH.
Who has also for Sale another Plantation in King & Queen County , just below West Point , known by the Name of Gough's Point , containing two Hundred Acres, adjoining the Land of Mr. Samuel Meredith , on which is a good Deal of Marsh that with little Expense might be made a valuable Meadow. The Land is well timbered, but no Improvements on it.
I have also three LOTS in West Point for Sale, whereon is a neat little Dwellinghouse with two Rooms on a Floor, and an old Kitchen. The above mentioned Land will be sold together, or in separate Tracts, as may best suit the Purchasers. 2||
To be SOLD at Publick Auction, on Thursday the 22nd of August, being Orange Court Day, at the Courthouse,
ALL the remaining Part of Ostonia Tract , about five or six Thousand Acres. As this Land was formerly advertised, and fully described, it needs no farther Description. The Terms will be agreed upon by the Trustees, who will attend the Sale.
VIRGINIA, sc.
At a GENERAL COURT held at the Capitol, May 4, 1771.
John M c Dowall, Plaintiff, against Ebenezer M c Callogh, and George Young, of Edinburgh, North Britain, Bankrupts, Alexander Baine, James Gibson, and Hugh M c Mekin, Defendants, and In Chancery. John M c Dowall, and Alexander Gray, Plaintiffs, against Ebenezer M c Callogh, and George Young, of Edinburgh, North Britain, Bankrupts, Alexander Baine, and Hugh M c Mekin, Defendants,
THE Defendants Ebenezer and George being beyond Sea, and not having entered their Appearance according to the Rule of this Court, on the Motion of the Plaintiffs, by their Counsel, it is ordered that the other Defendants, who have Effects of the said Ebenezer and George in their Hands, as is suggested, do not pay, convey away, or secrete such Effects, until the farther Order or Decree of this Court concerning the same; but that they deliver up such Effects, or so much thereof as will be of Value sufficient to satisfy the Demands of the Plaintiffs, unto the said Plaintiffs, upon their giving Security to the Clerk of this Court for the Return of such Effects, in such Manner, and to such Persons, as the Court shall hereafter adjudge. And it is farther ordered that the said Defendants ( Ebenezer and George ) do appear here on the first Day of the next Court, to answer the Bills of the Plaintiffs; and that a Copy of this Order be, within fifteen Days, inserted in the VIRGINIA GAZETTE, for two Months successively, and published on some Lord's Day, immediately after divine Service, in the Church of the Parish of Elizabeth River , in the County of Norfolk ; and be also posted up at the Front Door of the Capitol, in the City of Williamsburg . BEN: WALLER.
RUN away from the Subscriber, in Lunen- burg , on the 18th of April last, an outwitted Negro Man named ADAM , a Shoemaker by Trade, about five Feet eight Inches high, a thin black Fellow, with small Legs, has a naked Spot on the Top of his Head, and is a very sensible Fellow. Whoever secures the said Fellow so that I get him again, shall have TWENTY SHILLINGS Reward, besides what the Law allows. 2|| JOHN PETTUS.
NORFOLK, July 6, 1771.
RUN away, on Tuesday last, an indent-
ed Servant Man who goes by the Name of THOMAS FAY . He is about eighteen Years of Age, wears his own Hair tied behind, walks bad, and had on, when he went away, a f t otted Flannel Jacket, light black gray Breeches trimmed with black, and took with him an old Snuff coloured Cloth Coat. Whoever takes up the said Servant, and delivers him to me, shall be handsomely rewarded for their Trouble. 2|| FREER ARMISTON.
RUN away from the Subscriber, on the 20th
of June , a Mulatto Man named JACK HARRIS , about twenty Years of Age, about five Feet nine Inches high, has a flat Nose, a Scar on one of his Thighs, and a grim down Look. He had on a Pair of blue Breeches, a blue Waistcoat without Sleeves, a Plains Waistcoat, Osnaburg Shirt, a Felt Hat bound round the Brim, blue Stockings, and a Pair of Pumps, &c. Whoever will deliver him to me near Shirley , in Charles City County , shall have FORTY SHILLINGS Reward, and reasonable Expenses paid. WILLIAM HARDYMAN.
TAKEN up, in Prince William , an Iron gray MARE about thirteen Hands high, with a bushy Tail, dark Mane hanging on the off Side, spotted in the Face, undockt, but her Brand is unknown. THOMAS MASTERS.
NORFOLK, July 1, 1771.
AT our RUM DISTILLERY here
may be had a constant Supply of that Article, and MOLOSSES , which we will sell on the lowest Terms. Those who favour us with their Orders may depend upon being well used; and they will please to address them to Mr. William Calderhead , who conducts the Business of the Distillery, or to JAMIESON, CAMPBELL, CALVERT, & Company.
WILLIAMSBURG, July 4, 1771.
ANTHONY SINGLETON, Jeweller and
Goldsmith, begs Leave to acquaint the Publick that he has just opened Shop opposite to the RALEIGH Tavern , where such as please to favour him with their Custom may depend upon being furnished with all Sorts of Work in those Branches on reasonable Terms, executed in the neatest, most fashionable, and Workman-like Manner. 2|| MOURNING RINGS made on the shortest Notice.
WILLIAMSBURG, July 4, 1771.
ANY Person well acquainted with Plantation
Business, that comes properly recommended, may have very good Encouragement by applying to 2|| WILLIAM FINNIE.
FREDERICKSBURG, June 25, 1771.
THOMAS HOLMES, Saddler and
Harness Maker, hereby informs the Publick that he has opened Shop opposite to the Long Ordinary , where he intends carrying on his Business in all its Branches; and as he has just imported a large Assortment of Materials in his Way, those Gentlemen who please to favour him with their Custom may depend upon having their Work done in the neatest and best Manner, and on very reasonable Terms. 2||
KING and QUEEN, July 1, 1771.
BEING determined to remove, as soon as I
can make it convenient, into the Frontier, this is to acquaint the Publick that I have a Tract of Land on Mattaponny River , known by the Name of FLEET's FERRY , containing a Thousand Acres of high Land and Marsh, which I would sell. There are good Buildings, great Plenty of different Sorts of Fruits, and it is a pleasant Situation. The Ferry is worth about fifty Pounds a Year, it is one of the best Fisheries on the River, and there is a good Gristmill near the House. I have also another Tract for Sale, about four Miles distant, and near King and Queen Courthouse , containing three Hundred and sixty six Acres, whereupon are all necessary Buildings for a Quarter, with great Plenty of fine Fruits. They will be sold together, or separate, as Purchasers may incline; and Credit will be allowed for Part of the Money. For Terms apply to me, living at the Ferry. WILLIAM FLEET.
To be SOLD to the highest Bidder, on Friday the 20th of September, if fair, otherwise next fair Days, on the Premises,
A VALUABLE Tract of LAND containing upwards of eight Hundred Acres of high and low Grounds, lying on Backskin Creek , in the County of Dinwiddie , within twenty Miles of Petersburg , being the Land whereon the Subscriber now lives, with very good Improvements thereon, and to be entered on at Christmas next. It is very convenient to Church, Mill, and Courthouse. One Third of the Purchase Money to be paid down, or Merchants Notes payable in the October General Court; the Residue to be paid at two annual Payments. The Situation is remarkably pleasant, and very healthy; it is well calculated for farming, being extremely good for Stocks of all Kinds, and with a small Quantity of Manure produces good Tobacco. The Purchasers are to give Bond and Security. JOHN JONES
For SALE,
THE Plantation whereon William Stubbs formerly lived, in Gloucester County , containing between three and four Hundred Acres, upon which is a good Dwellinghouse, and some Outhouses. Any One inclined to purchase may know the Terms by applying to Mr. Lewis Boker , in Gloucester . — I will likewise sell the Land where I now live, in Ancell , with the Crop of Corn, Fodder, and Stock, on eighteen Months Credit. 2|| NELSON JONES.
To be RENTED for one Year, or a Term of Years, and may be entered on in three Months,
THE LOT and HOUSES, near Cabin Point Warehouse , which are now occupied by the Subscriber. There are six Acres and a Half of Land, a good Dwellinghouse with all necessary Outhouses, Storehouse with a Counting Room, a Lumber House forty by twenty, and an exceeding good Garden. The Whole will be put in the best Repair and Order, and any Alterations or Additions that may be judged needful will be made to the Storehouse. Any Person inclined to rent the same may know the Terms by applying to JOHN AUSTIN FINNIE. N. B. If the above Lot and Houses should not be rented, I would dispose of them. The Terms of Payment, in that Case, would be made very easy to the Purchaser.
CABIN POINT, June 26, 1771.
RUN away from the Subscriber's Plantation
in Butt County North Carolina , some Time in July last, a Negro Fellow named WILL . He is about thirty eight Years of Age, thick set, and well made, much feared with Whipping, and one of his great Toes off, I believe, at the second Joint. He formerly belonged to Colonel John Tabbs , deceased, of Elizabeth City , and is supposed to be lurking in that Neighbourhood, or that of Mrs. Lydia Jones of the said County, who owns a Brother to the said Negro. FORTY SHILLINGS Reward, besides what the Law allows, will be given for apprehending and securing him in any of his Majesty's Jails, or FIVE POUNDS if he be taken out of the Colony.
Also run away from my Plantation in Prince George , about the Beginning of this Month, a Negro Lad named BACCHUS . He is thick set, and well made, about seventeen or eighteen Years of Age, and speaks broken English. I understand he has been taken up at Severall's Ferry , but made his Escape, and will probably be again, if taken up without the utmost Precaution. I am apprehensive he is endeavouring to make out of the Country, having made an Attempt of that Kind once before. Whoever apprehends him, and will commit him to Jail, shall have FORTY SHILLINGS Reward, and if taken up out of the Colony FIVE POUNDS. JOHN AUSTIN FINNIE.

POETS CORNER.
THE OCEAN.
SEARCH Nature's Works, through all her maze Plan, All Nature's Works are Counterparts of Man; 'Tis Man, 'tis Man, the moralizing Muse Sees in the Rock and in the Wave pursues.
HIS Majesty's Postmaster General having (for the better facilitating of Correspondence between Great Britain and America) been pleased to add a fifth Packet Boat to the Station between Falmouth and New York, Notice is hereby given that the Mail, for the future, will be closed, at the Post Office in New York, at twelve of the Clock at Night, on the first Tuesday in every Month, and despatched by a Packet, the next Day, for Falmouth.
RUN away from the Subscriber in Culpeper, near Thornton's Pass, on the 30th of May last, a Convict Servant named PETER BACHELOR, an Englishman, about three and twenty Years of Age, five Feet eight or nine Inches high, a sturdy Fellow, of a clear and ruddy Complexion, has black Hair, and blue Eyes. He had on a new Felt Hat, an Osnaburg Shirt, old Leather Breeches patched in the Seat with Virginia Cloth, and a Pair of turned Pumps made of Dogskin, with the Hair outward.
AS the Partnership of the Subscribers will expire next August, it is earnestly requested that all those who are indebted to them, either in this Colony or in North Carolina, may come and settle their Balances immediately, by Payment or Specialty. Those who have any Demands against them are desired to make them known, and they shall be adjusted.
WHEREAS I bought a Negro Man, named CHARLES, of Spencer Thomas, who promised to get me a Right to him from Colonel Gaskins of Northumberland, in whom he said it lay, by the last Oyer Court, when the Money was due; and whereas the said Thomas has since applied for the Money, without producing a proper Right to the said Slave, this is to inform whoever it may concern that whenever I get a good Title made to me the Money shall be paid.
IT would greatly oblige me if the different Gentlemen who are my Creditors would meet, or appoint some One for them who should, at Westmoreland Court in August next, that Something may be done for their general Satisfaction. I am willing to do whatever my present Circumstances will admit of for that Purpose, and it is a Hardship that One so inclined should still be distressed by them.
FREDERICKSBURG, June 24, 1771. I INTEND for ENGLAND next Month, and shall leave all my Business with Mr. WILLIAM TEMPELMAN. CHARLES YATES.
DINWIDDIE County, June 20, 1771. THIS is to forewarn all Persons from taking an Assignment of my Bond to William Ibbey for fifty Pounds, due on the 17th of this Instant, as I will not pay it before his Wife gives up her Dower in a Piece of Land which I purchased from the said Ibbey. JESSE LEE.
WHEREAS James Blount, Esquire, one of the Representatives for Chowan County, in North Carolina, hath lately reported that Mr. HENRY DONE, Baptist Minister near Edenton, in the County and Province aforesaid, some Time ago, in his Travels to the southward of Carolina, appointed a Meeting, and borrowed the Sum of ten Pounds Proclamation Money, and not only disappointed the Meeting, but came off in a clandestine Manner with the said Money, and some other Reports of the like Nature, which Reports the said Henry Done challengeth the said James Blount to prove, or else to remain upon Record not only the Reporter of the said Falseity, but the Author of it.
To be SOLD to the highest Bidders, on Saturday the 13th of July next, at the House of DANIEL BAXTER in Williamsburg,
ABOUT two Hundred Yards of white and brown Linen, sixty Yards of very good six-Quarter Cloth, Mens and Womens Shoes, three Barrels of Starch, two Barrels of New York Beer, twelve Firkins of Butter, eight Boxes of Candles, about a Hundred Weight of Chocolate, two very good Italian Chairs, an excellent Chair Horse, &c. &c. &c. Credit until the 25th of October next will be allowed for all Sums above twenty five Shillings, upon Bond and Security.
WHEREAS Mr. William Hamlin, lately deceased, by his certain Indenture, bearing Date the fourth Day of April last, did convey unto Colonel Theodorick Bland, and myself, one undivided Moiety of eighteen Hundred Acres of Land, with a Forge and Water Gristmill thereon, being the capital Prize drawn in Colonel Bernard Moore's Lottery, in Trust, for the Payment of certain particular Debts therein mentioned, and also for the Payment and Discharge of all his other honest, just, and fair Debts, provided his Creditors, within three Months from the 11th of the said Month of April, would, by Writing under their Hands, accede to and desire to come within the said Trust; and whereas also Mr. Hamlin thought proper to appoint me Executor of his last Will and Testament, which several Trusts I would willingly execute with strict Justice to his Creditors, and to his Estate, I do therefore give this publick Information of the Trust aforesaid, that all those to whom he is indebted may have an Opportunity of claiming the Advantage intended them, requesting as well such Creditors as desire to be comprehended within the said Trust, as those who do not, that they will immediately signify their Resolutions respecting the same to me, and at the same Time acquaint me with the Sum and Nature of their several Demands, that I may endeavour to make proper Provision for the Payment of all his Debts, in due Order. And as it appears from his Books that his outstanding Debts are considerable, I do most earnestly entreat his Debtors to be speedy in an honest Settlement and Discharge of their respective Balances. This Justice to his Estate I think I have a Right to expect from his honest and grateful Debtors, in return for the Lenity and Indulgence they experienced in his Lifetime. By this Method I must also inform Mr. Hamlin's Clients, that, being possessed of all his Papers, I do propose (with their Approbation) to finish his Causes in the several Courts of Charles City, Chesterfield, Prince George, Dinwiddie, and Sussex, except such as I was employed in against him, which I shall deliver up to the Care of some other Attorneys. And as it will be impossible for them, or myself, to conduct intricate Causes properly without Instructions, I request that the Parties will lose no Time in furnishing me with full Information about their Suits, that I may endeavour to do them Justice. Those who disapprove of my conducting their Business, or have, during Mr. Hamlin's tedious Indisposition, or since his Death, employed other Attorneys, will please to direct how I shall dispose of their Papers.
I find that through Mr. Hamlin's Kindness, and for Want of a fixed Abode, many of his Books, and other Things, are lent out, and otherwise dispersed amongst his Acquaintances, which will render the Collection of them very difficult, if not impracticable, without their Information and Assistance, I therefore hope that all those who are in Possession of any of his Books, or other Things, will speedily contrive me Notice thereof, and the most convenient Opportunities of procuring them. JOHN RUFFIN, Junior.
N. B. For the Advantage of the Creditors, I will extend the Time limited for their Accession to the Trust until the tenth Day of October next.
WILLIAMSBURG, June 27, 1771. ON Thursday the 18th of next Month will be sold to the highest Bidder, upon Credit till the 30th of October 1772, the HOUSE and LOT whereon Mr. THOMAS CRAIG now lives. Bond and good Security, bearing Interest from the 20th of August next, will be required, at which Time the Premises will be delivered up. And on Monday the 12th of August will be sold, upon six Months Credit for all Sums above twenty Shillings, all his HOUSEHOLD and KITCHEN FURNITURE, and five LOTS of GROUND in Bell-Craig Street. Bond and Security will be required. HENRY DIXON, Trustee for the Creditors.
To be SOLD at King William Courthouse, on Monday the 12th of August next, being Court Day, at publick Auction, or at any Time before by private Sale, unaer a Deed of Trust from Mr. William Hamlin, lately deceased,
ONE undivided Moiety, or Half Part, of eighteen Hundred Acres of LAND, with a FORGE and WATER GRISTMILL thereon, situate, lying, and being in the County of King and Queen; which said Land, Forge, and Mill, were drawn as a Prize in Colonel Bernard Moore's Lottery, by the said Hamlin, and Philip Parr Edmondson, Gentleman. The Terms to be made known at the Time of Sale. THOMAS BLAND. JOHN RUFFIN, Junior..
COMMITTED to the Jail of AUGUSTA, an outlandish Negro Fellow, about twenty five Years of Age, five Feet ten or eleven Inches high, is likely, well made, but cannot speak English well enough to tell his Master's Name. He had on an old blue Frock, very short, old blue Breeches, Osnaburg Shirt, and a white Woollen Cap. Also committed to the said Jail, on Suspicion of being a Runaway Servant, an Irishman who calls himself JAMES TOBIN, and answers the Description of a Person of his Name advertised some Time ago by the Jailer of Amherst, who had confessed himself to be a Runaway Servant belonging to Captain Somerville. The Apparel he now hath on is a blue Cloth Coat with yellow carved Buttons, an old striped Cotton Waistcoat, old Leather Breeches, coarse Shirt, and a Half-worn Calfskin Hat. The Owners are desired to pay Charges, and take them away. GEORGE MATTHEWS, Sheriff.
BUCKINGHAM, June 10, 1771. RUN away from the Subscriber's Plantation in Bedford, on the 7th of May last, a squat made black African Fellow, named WILL, marked in the Cheeks according to the Custom of his Country, speaks English, French, and I believe Spanish, and has been bred a Sailor. When he went off he had on, or carried with him, a Coat of Plains, a Sailor's blue Jacket, and a Felt Hat. It is thought he will make for Norfolk, as he came from that Place. Masters of Vessels are desired to beware of harbouring him. I will give FIVE POUNDS Reward if he is delivered to me in Buckingham, or FIFTY SHILLINGS if secured in any Prison, so as I may get him, or delivered to Mr. James Lyle, Merchant at Rocky Ridge. THOMAS ROBERTS.
RUN away from the Subscriber, in Lancaster, on the 24th of December last, a Negro Man named WILL, about five Feet eight or nine Inches high, between thirty and forty Years of Age, but looks older than what he really is. He has been at work in Norfolk for some Time past, and went by the Name of William Moore, as a Freeman. He is a very good Hostler and Gardener; and what may defect him sooner, he is very fond of Liquor, and when drunk very quarrelsome and saucy. Whoever will secure him in any Jail, and give me Intelligence so that I may get him again, shall have FIVE POUNDS, and if brought to me TEN POUNDS, paid on the Delivery of the Negro. JOHN WORMELEY.
STRAYED away from the Subscriber, last March, a red bay three Year old FILLY with a Star in her Forehead, one or both hind Feet white, about four Feet five or six Inches high, neither dockt nor branded. She carried with her a Year old dark bay COLT with a blaze Face, one or both hind Feet white. The Filly was raised at my Plantation on Mobjack River, Brunswick County, where I imagine they would have gone, as they were seen together making that Way, if they had not been stopped by some ill disposed Person. FORTY SHILLINGS Reward will be given for each to the Person that will bring them to me, in Prince George County. NATHANIEL HARRISON.
TAKEN up by the Subscriber, in the Fresh, a SHIP'S BOAT, about fifteen Feet Keel, painted red the Inside, and yellow without; had four Oars, and a Piece of two Inch Pine Plank in her. The Owner may have her by applying to me, in Surry County. WILLIAM BROWNE.
TAKEN up, in Southampton, a middle sized bay HORSE, very poor, with a roached Mane and Bob Tail, and appears to have been lately worked in a Wagon, being much cut with Harrows. Pofed, and appraised to fifty five Shillings. WILLIAM POPE.
For SALE, And may be entered on immediately, THE LOT and HOUSES, near Cabin Point Warehouses, at present occupied by Mr. Walter Peter. There are four Acres of Land well enclosed, a good Dwellinghouse, with all necessary Outhouses, also a Storehouse, Counting Room, and two Lumber Houses. Any Person inclining to purchase may know the Terms by applying to JAMES BUCHANAN. N. B. If the above Lot and Houses are not sold they will be rented for a Term of Years, not exceeding three.
DUMFRIES, June 6, 1771. WHEREAS the Subscriber carried on a Trade in Charles County, in the Province of Maryland, in Company with John Sempie, now of Prince William County, in the Colony of Virginia, from the Year 1757 to the Year 1763, when the Partnership was dissolved; and in the Year 1760 the said Sempie purchased of Messrs. John Carlyle and John Dalton, for the Behoof of that Concern, a Lot of Land in the Town of Alexandria, for which the Subscriber paid the Purchase Money, by Sempie's Bill of Exchange drawn on him on Account of the Company, on which Lot the Company made several valuable Improvements; and afterwards, in the Year 1764, the said Sempie took a Deed in his own Name for the said Lot and Improvements; and whereas, by the Articles of Copartnership, the said Sempie bound himself not to draw any Money or Effects from that Concern, until the whole Debts due by it were fully satisfied, and totally paid off: This, therefore, is to forewarn any Person or Persons whatsoever from taking any Assignment of the said Lot, without the Consent of the Subscriber, who solely manages and transacts the Business of the said Partnership (Mr. Sempie not having had any Management therein these six Years past) otherwise his or their Right will be of no Validity, as I shall dispute the Title John Sempie may presume to assign him or them, it being diametrically repugnant to the Spirit, Meaning, and express Words of the said Articles of Copartnership, recorded in Charles County aforesaid. JAMES LAWSON.
VIRGINIA, sc. At a GENERAL COURT held at the Capitol, May 7, 1771. Thomas Blackmore, Dorsey Pentecost, Thomas Speake, James Lindsey, Nathaniel Barrett, and Thomas Waddington, Plaintiffs, against James Fowler, of the Province of Pennsylvania, Edward Snickers, Thomas Colston, George Jump, Joseph Eldridge, William Bilbrough, Stephen Johnson, David Abley, and Thomas Shepherd, Defendants.
THE Defendant James Fowler being beyond Sea, and not having entered his Appearance according to the Rule of this Court, on the Motion of the Plaintiffs, by their Counsel, it is ordered that the other Defendants, who have Effects of the said Fowler in their Hands, as is suggested, do not pay, convey away, or secrete such Effects, until the farther Order or Decree of this Court concerning the same; but that they deliver up such Effects, or so much thereof as will be of Value sufficient to satisfy the Demand of the Plaintiffs, unto the said Plaintiffs, upon their giving Security to the Clerk of this Court for the Return of such Effects, in such Manner, and to such Persons as the Court shall hereafter adjudge. And it is farther ordered that the said Defendant (Fowler) do appear here on the first Day of the next Court, to answer the Plaintiffs Bill; and that a Copy of this Order be, within fifteen Days, inserted in the Virginia GAZETTE, for two Months successively, and published on some Lord's Day, immediately after divine Service, in the Church of the Parish of Frederick, in the County of Frederick; and be also posted up at the front Door of the Capitol, in the City of Williamsburg. BEN: WALLER.
For SALE, and may be entered upon in October next, FOUR Hundred and fifty Acres of Land within three Miles of Cabin Point, well watered and timbered. Upon it is a tolerable good Dwelling house, two very fine Barns, all other necessary Outhouses, with Apple and Peach Orchards. It is convenient to Church, and constant Mills. The Plantation is in Order for Cropping with three or four Hands, and would suit a Tradesman. Long Credit will be allowed for greatest Part of the Money; and the Land may be seen, at any Time, by applying to the Subscriber on the Premises. SAMPSON COLLIER.
To be SOLD, on long Credit, the three following Tracts of LAND, viz. ONE Tract containing four Hundred Acres, lying in Spotsylvania County, on the Head of Bluff Run, about eighteen Miles from Fredericksburg. One other Tract lying in Anker's County, on Owen's Creek, containing four Hundred Acres; it is well timbered, and a good Soil for Tobacco and Indian Corn. One Tract lying in Pittsylvania County, on Sycamore Creek, near Captain Benjamin Clement's, containing two Hundred Acres; this is likewise good Tobacco Land. Any Person inclining to purchase either of the above Tracts of Land may know the Terms by applying to Mr. Charles Irving, Merchant in Albemarle County, or to the Subscriber in Richmond Town. The above Lands are the Property of John Loving, Senior, of Amherst County, but made over by a Deed of Trust to the Subscriber. Two Years Credit, or longer if required, will be given, on Bond and approved Security. WILLIAM MITCHELL.
RUN away from the Subscriber, at the Falls of James River, the Middle of last Month, a Negro Man named DAVY, belonging to the Hon. William Byrd, Esquire, about thirty Years old, five Feet eight Inches high, and very stout made; he is of a yellow Complexion, has a down Look, and a Defect in some of his fore Teeth. He is supposed to be lurking about Hanover Town, Petersburg, or gone towards Carolina. Whoever will apprehend the said Fellow, and bring him to me, shall have FORTY SHILLINGS Reward; and if taken out of the Colony, FIVE POUNDS. DAVID PATTESON.