The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1804-12-18 00:00:00

THE ENQUIRER.
RICHMOND, (Virginia) PUBLISHED BY RITCHIE & WORSLEY, OPPOSITE THE POST-OFFICE...AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM...payable in advance.
NUMBER 67.]
TUESDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 13, 1804.
[VOLUME 1.]
CONDITIONS.
 I. The ENQUIRER will appear twice a week...During the Session of Congress and the Virginia Legislature, either a third paper or a supplementary half-sheet, during the week.  II. Terms of payment FIVE DOLLARS per annum, in advance.  III. ADVERTISEMENTS, from those who do not subscribe to the paper, should they not exceed a square in length, shall be inserted for seventy-five cents the first time, fifty cents for each time during three weeks, and for every additional insertion thirty-three cents; long ones in the same proportion.  IV. SUBSCRIBERS shall pay their advertisements inserted for fifty cents the first time, and thirty-three cents for every additional insertion. 
Auction Sales.
THOMAS TAYLOR & Co. Will in future sell at the store occupied by M. W. Hancock & Co. on Wednesdays in each week; and at their office, on Tuesdays and Fridays as usual. Dec. 1, 1804. epi
Sales at Auction.
Will be sold to the highest bidder, on Tuesday the 18 inst. SEVENTEEN PIECES IRISH LINEN, for the benefit of the underwriters. THOMAS TAYLOR, & Co. Auctioneers. December 11, 1804. (eds)
Sales at Auction.
Will be sold at public auction, for ready money, on Wednesday the 19th day of December next, the HOUSE & LOT near the mouth of Shockoe Creek, at present occupied, by B. J. Harris, and commonly called the Shot Factory—the title papers may be seen at any time by applying to THOMAS TAYLOR & Co. V. M. Nov. 24. ep tds.
Sales at Auction.
Will be sold, on Saturday 22nd. inst. at the Eagle Tavern, that handsome HOUSE and LOT on Shockoe, at present occupied by Mr. Benjamin Mosley.—The terms of sale will be 1/3 payable 1st January next—1/3 1st March, and 1/3 1st July.— ALSO, TWO new Brick Houses on the street near the Court, and adjoining the property of Mr. McKim. Terms of Sale—90 days—Notes negotiable at the Bank of Virginia. Will be sold at the same time and place: 1687 1/2 acres of MILITARY LAND. T. TAYLOR & Co. V. M's Dec. 11. (ep tds)
WAX-WORK.
The proprietor respectfully informs the public, that he has added an additional Figure to his Museum, as a proof that the Figures in his collection are superior to any ever exhibited. This Museum will lose this in a few days. Admittance half a dollar—25 cents for those who have visited the Museum. Dec. 15.
NOW OR NEVER.
THOSE who would wish to gratify their curiosity by viewing this Brilliant vibrating Philosophical Acoustic Apparatus , must improve the present opportunity, as it will be removed from this town in a few days. In order to accommodate the Public, the proprietor has reduced the price to 50 Cents of admittance to the INVISIBLE. Dec. 15.
CASH
Will be given for 12 or 15 BOYS, from 7 to 15 years old. Enquire of the Printers. Dec. 15. [ep t.]
WHITE CHIMNEYS.
The subscriber wishes to rent the Tavern and Store House at this place, either altogether or separately; the eligibility of the stand for a Tavern, and Store is well known by many; the salubrity of the air and the quality of the water, are unexceptionable. Possession may be given on the 1st of January next. For terms apply to FRANCIS GALVIN. White Chimneys, Dec. 15, 1804. (ep t.)
FARMINGDALE NURSERY.
THE SUBSCRIBER has FOR SALE, for the present season, at his Nursery, adjoining the Borough of Norfolk, 10,000 WORKED FRUIT TREES; Consisting of Apples, Peaches, Pears, Cherries, Apricots, Plums, Nectarines, &c. &c. selected from all parts of this state, from the Nurseries to the Northward, and from England. He flatters himself that those who want to purchase will be satisfied with the goodness of the fruit trees being near one hundred sorts. He has also for sale a quantity of Lombardy and Balsam Poplars, Pride of China, &c. with a large assortment of Tulip Roots, imported three years ago from London, and are beautifully variegated of all colours. BAYLOR HILL. December 15. (ep t Wm. T.)
TEN DOLLARS REWARD.
RUN away from the subscriber, on Tuesday the 27th September, a very likely negro man by the name of TOM, sometimes he calls himself Tom Smith, and at other times Smith—he is about 5 feet 7 or 8 inches high, he generally wears a brown broadcloth coat, a lavender waistcoat, brown corduroy pantalons, and shirt ruffled at the bottom, though he may change his dress, as he has a variety of clothes. He is a black, sleek, likely, well made fellow, with a very good set of white teeth, and as well as I remember, has a small scar on one side of his face, looks like it was the stroke of a whip; he is a proud, arful, cunning fellow, and has a very smooth dissimulating tongue. Any person that will bring him home to me, living in Essex county, shall receive Ten Dollars reward, if taken out of the county, and if taken in the county, Six. All masters of vessels and others are hereby forbidden from harbouring or carrying the said negro away. W. GATEWOOD. Essex, Nov. 30, 1804. (e Fm)
NOTICE.
BANK OF VIRGINIA.
Richmond, Dec. 12, 1804. A GENERAL meeting of the Stock-holders will be held, at the Bank-House, on the first Monday in January next, for the purpose of electing directors for Richmond, Norfolk, Petersburg and Fredericksburg; and for other purposes relative to the affairs of the corporation.
In order that all the share-holders may be exhibited, those persons who have not sent in the receipts granted by the commissioners for receiving subscriptions, are requested to transmit them by the day above mentioned, together with the cashier's receipts for the second instalment, when new scrip will be issued, in lieu thereof, by the president. (ep t.) JOHN BROCKENBROUGH, Cashr.
NOTICE.
WE the undersigned, partners in the late concerns of BUCHANAN, DUNLOP, & Co. at Petersburg, of ROBERT POLLOK, & Co. at Richmond, and of DUNLOP, POLLOK, & Co. at Manchester, have sold to Mr. James Dunlop, our late partner in said concerns, the debts now due to, and outstanding at these different establishments—Those indebted will therefore please to take notice, that hereafter payments are to be made only to the said Mr. James Dunlop, his attorney or attorneys, and to whom those having claims against these concerns will apply for payment. DAVID BUCHANAN. BY ROBERT POLLOK, his Attorney. ROBERT POLLOK. Virginia, Petersburg, Dec. 6, 1804. (ep t.)
PHILADELPHIA BOTTLED PORTER. ORDERS forwarded to the subscribers (if accompanied with cash) will be promptly complied with for the above article, put up by experienced bottlers, under their particular direction, at the rate of one dollar eighty-seven and an half cents per dozen, bottles included. ISAAC MORRIS, & Co. Brewers, Pearl-Street, Philadelphia. 12th mo. 13. (40)
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD.
RAN away from the subscriber, on the tenth of last June, a negro man named JOE—about twenty four or five years of age, is about six feet high, of a bright complexion, dark eyes, and has several of his fore teeth rotted off even with the gums; he was formerly the property of capt. Ben. Johnson of Henrico, then the property of capt. John Leek of Goochland, who sold him to Daniel Williams of Charlotte county. I especially am looking about Richmond, or in the neighbourhood of capt. B. Johnson. Any person who will apprehend the said negro, and deliver him to me, or secure him in any jail for that I get him, shall receive the above reward. RICHARD GAINES. Charlotte county, Dec. 3, 1804. (et t.)
FOR SALE.
By virtue of a Deed of Trust, executed to the subscriber by David Gillaspay, Senr. of Albemarle county, to secure the payment of a debt due Brown, Watson and Co. and John Watson, will be exposed to public sale, to the highest bidder for ready money, on Tuesday the first day of January eighteen hundred and five, at McCredie, Higginbotham and Co's store, ten miles above Charlottesville, the tract of land whereon the said Gillaspay at present resides, containing one hundred and seventy-five acres, be the same more or less. WILLIAM WOOD, Trustee. Albemarle, Dec. 8. (3w.)
FOR SALE.
By virtue of a Deed of Trust, executed to the subscriber by Walter Watson of Albemarle county, to secure the payment of a debt due Brown, Watson & Co. will be exposed to public sale to the highest bidder for ready money, on Tuesday the first day of January eighteen hundred and five, at McCredie, Higginbotham and Co's store, ten miles above Charlottesville—The TRACT OF LAND whereon the said Watson at present resides, containing two hundred and sixty-four acres, be the same more or less. GEO: GARRETT, Trustee. Albemarle, Dec. 8. 3w.
CHOICE LANDS—FOR SALE.
A DIVISION of the famous Saura Town Lands having taken place between the heirs of James his sister Mrs. Elizabeth Morton, the subscribers, Robert Taylor of Norfolk, and Charles Duncan at Roslin, near Petersburg, are fully empowered by their said Col. Farley and Mrs. Morton, to dispose of their proportion, containing 12,832 acres, which are surveyed and laid off in eight lots, containing from 500 to 2800 acres, agreeable to plots in the possession of the said Duncan. The four largest lots are of excellent quality, each containing a considerable proportion of the richest low grounds, which produce tobacco of the very first quality, as has been experienced by one of the subscribers, who shipped it for a number of years. Those lands lie on Dan and Smith's rivers, in Rockingham county, on the borders of North Carolina, about 170 miles from Petersburg and Richmond. As there are seldom such lands for sale, they must be an object to those who want to purchase such as will produce fine tobacco, hemp and small grain. One third of the price must be paid in ready money, one third in twelve months, and the other third in two years, the purchaser giving bond with unexceptionable security bearing interest from the date if not punctually paid. Those who wish to purchase will be shown the lands by Doctor John C. Cox, living at Lockville, near Rockingham Court-House, and the terms made known by ROBERT TAYLOR, or CHARLES DUNCAN. Petersburg, Nov. 24. epi
FIFTY DOLLARS REWARD.
Will be paid to any person who will deliver to the subscriber in this city, a runaway Negro Boy, named CLAIBORNE , about 17 years of age. He has a long and inclining countenance, small legs, is round shouldered, his colour is between black and Mulatto. He has been always employed as a house servant, and does not understand any other kind of business. He had a great variety of wearing apparel, all of excellent quality, much better than is usually given to servants. There is good reason to believe that he has been decoyed or inveigled away by the master of a northern trading vessel, and it is probable he will endeavour to go to Norfolk or Hampton for the purpose of getting on board; and as he is well acquainted on the stage road, and has very good address, he will probably pass for a free man. THOMAS GILLIAT. December 13th. ep
PRINTING. IN ALL ITS VARIETY, EXECUTED AT THE OFFICE of the ENQUIRER.
THOMAS COURTNEY—TAYLOR.
VERY respectfully begs permission to acquaint the public, that he still continues to occupy the house on the Main-street opposite the Bank, and immediately above Mr. Davis's Printing-Office. He renders his most grateful acknowledgments to those gentlemen who have been so obliging as to favor him with their custom; and assures them and the public generally, that no exertion shall be wanting to ensure a continuance of patronage. Two or three good workmen would meet with employment by applying as above; and a couple of active lads are wanting as apprentices. Dec. 1. epi
Insurance against Fire.
Phenix Fire Office, London, May 1, 1804.
THE numerous and destructive Fires which have happened within the period of the two last years, in different parts of Europe and America, (more particularly in the towns of Liverpool in England, Gothenburg in Sweden, and Norfolk in Virginia,) render it proper to remind all persons who possess property in the United States of America of the utility of insurance. The Phoenix Office of London, is an institution sufficiently known by the very large and important losses it has paid, in consequence of the extensive conflagrations in the cities and towns of America to such sufferers as have had the prudence to protect their property, by insurance.—The Phoenix Company deeply regret that, owing to the expense of officers and continued losses, upon the buildings and stores in the timber towns, no alteration on our remission on such risks can be made at present—but the Directors hope from the increase of brick and stone buildings, and other improvements of security, that the period is not far distant, when they will be able generally, to mitigate the rates of insurance in North America; and they confidently presume that the promptitude and honor with which they have uniformly fulfilled their extensive engagements, have unequivocally established the solidity, credit, and good faith of the Company. The Phoenix Company grant insurances upon buildings, goods and ships, whilst in dock or in harbor, from loss or damage by fire, upon the most moderate and equitable terms; and persons desirous of securing their property by policies from this company, are requested to transmit their orders to their correspondents in Great Britain. Nov. 3. epi 16.
NOTICE.
To be sold to the highest bidder, on the fourth Wednesday in December next, at Hanover Court-House. THE Seat whereon the subscriber now resides, containing between three and four hundred acres, of valuable farming land. This situation combines as many natural advantages, as most in the county. It is believed to be equally healthy with any in its vicinity; the neighbourhood pleasant and agreeable, and navigation almost at the door. It is peculiarly adapted to a professional gentleman; being within twenty miles of the city of Richmond, six of the courthouse, two of Hanover Town, six of New-Castle; and four of an excellent water-courting mill. On this farm is a very good house, with a convenient out of repair; but in tolerable good condition for the reception of a large and genteel family; a new kitchen almost finished, a large barn in very good repair, and a most excellent apple orchard, with a variety of other fine fruit. The terms of sale will be, one third of the purchase money paid on the day of sale; one third, on that day twelve months; and the other third in six months, from the period at which the second payment becomes due. The bonds to bear interest from the date, if not punctually paid; and a deed of trust on the land, to secure the payments of the two last instalments. Any person who may wish to view the farm, will apply to the subscriber, or in his absence to Messrs. Lany Jones, John Anderson, or Edward Handley, who reside near the premises. BATHURST JONES. Hanover County, Nov. 14. (td.)
NEAL NELSON,
BOOT & SHOE MANUFACTURER, MAIN-STREET, RICHMOND.
MAKES Boots & Shoes to any pattern or fashion, equal in point of MATERIALS and WORKMANSHIP to any in general use. Imported Boots and Shoes, of the first quality and newest fashion, for sale. Gentlemen at a distance, who are disposed to forward me their measure, by paying attention to the annexed cut, can be fitted with Boots or Shoes as well as if they were on the spot. A—the length of the Boot—B—round the Calf—C—the length of the Boot—D—round the heel and instep—E—round the instep—G—across the ball of the foot. Fix the heel against a perpendicular, and tick a knife at the end of the great toe—set down in figures the number of inches and quarters, in the different measures. June 30. epi m.
PETER BELLETT,
NURSERY and SEEDSMAN, at Williamsburg, intending to remove to the State of New-York, offers FOR SALE, his NURSERY; containing 20 acres of rich manured Land, with about 10,000 TREES, of which 25,000, consisting as follows, are fit to be transplanted this season. 44 Sors of Apples at 6d. per Tree. 44 Do. of Pears 1/6. do. 30 Do. of Peach 9d. to 1/6. do. 10 Do. of Nectarine 1/6. to 1/8. do. 10 Do. of Apricot 1/6. to 2/6. do. 3 Do. of Quince 1/6. to 2/6. do. 19 Do. of Cherries 1/6. to 4/6. do. 13 Do. of Plums 1/6. to 2/6. do. 4 Do. of Almond 3/6. do. 5 Do. of Mulberries 1/6. to 4/6. do. 2 Do. of Figs 1/6. do. 7 Do. of Raspberry Bushes 1/6. do. Lombardy and Balsam Poplars Currants, Gooseberries and Strawberries of sorts, Grape Vines of sorts, Artichokes and Asparagus Roots, together with a variety of flowering Shrubs, Flower Roots and Seeds and Rose Bushes, and a small quantity of Garden Seeds of this year's growth. ALSO—may be had with the nursery 8 Negroes, 5 of which are well acquainted with Gardening and Nursery work. Also—3 Horses, 5 Steers, 4 Cows, and the nursery and farming utensils, which if not sold by the 1st day of May next, will be set up at Public sale on that day, until such time he will continue to sell Trees &c. &c. &c. on lower terms than usual. Orders left with Mr. George Greenhow at Richmond, Messrs. John and Sam. Peniston at Petersburg, will be duly attended to with dispatch. Williamsburg, Nov. 24. epi m.
NOTICE.
All persons having claims against the estate of Matthew Branch, deceased, of Chesterfield county, are requested to come forward and establish them, that I may make provision for paying the same, before I make a close of my executorship of said estate. ARCHIBALD WALLFALL, Exor. Chesterfield, Dec. 6. epi m.
Congress.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
FRIDAY, DECEMBER 7.
Dr. Leib moved that the committee of Commerce and Manufactures be instructed to enquire into the expediency of so far amending the import and tonnage act as to allow the collector of the port of Philadelphia an additional deputy, and that they be authorised to report by bill or otherwise.
A petition from Wm. A. Barron of the corps of engineers, praying a further allowance for his expenses in the military academy. Referred to the Committee of Claims.
Mr. Thomas said, he rose with a view to propose an enquiry relative to the duty on salt—On this article a duty of six cents per bushel was first laid, in the year 1790 it was raised to twelve cents, and in the year 1797 eight cents more were added, making the duty twenty cents per bushel of 56 lbs. at which rate it now stands—But, as every measured bushel of good strong salt which is imported into this country, will weigh 80 or 90 lbs. this is in reality a duty of about 30 cents per bushel.
Three years ago, when the repeal of the Stamp Act, excise and other internal tax laws, were before Congress, an attempt was made to reduce the duty on salt, and retain a part of that system.
At that time, although he was conscious the duty on this article of real necessary consumption was too high, and fell extremely heavy on the agricultural part of the community, particularly those living back from the sea-board, who were obliged to use large quantities of it, for their black cattle and other beasts of pasture, notwithstanding the increased price at which it came to them, in consequence of the transportation, and the profits charged on the amount of duty as well as original cost by the several merchants or traders through whose hands it passed, yet he did believe it better to allow this duty to remain as it was, a while longer, rather than not be enabled to abolish that expensive, inconvenient, and anti-republican system of internal taxation.
And should it now be found, on due enquiry, that a reduction of the duty on this article, at this time, would be incompatible with the great object of paying off the national debt and meeting the other exigencies of government, for his part he would not urge it—But he was persuaded this was not the case—He believed our finances are amply sufficient to authorise the measure.
On examining the report of the secretary of the treasury he found, that besides meeting all the calls of government, including the sum appropriated annually towards the reduction of the public debt, there is a surplus of 4,882,225 dollars in the treasury; and although there are several payments to be made out of this sum, there will still be a large balance remaining.
It also appears, from a comparative view of the bonded duties of the present with former years, that there will be an increase of revenue coming into the treasury the ensuing year, and he believed there was no reasonable probability of any new causes for expenditure.
This being the case, he flattered himself it would not be deemed unseasonable or improper to propose a reduction of the duty, on this article of necessary consumption at this time.
With this object, however, said Mr. Thomas, I wish to couple another, which I consider of equal importance, as it respects the reputation of our beef, pork, fish, and butter, put up for exportation, as well as the health of our sea-port towns, and seamen employed on foreign voyages.
He said by the treasury accounts it appears that the aggregate amount of salt imported into the United States during the year, ending the 30th September last, was 3,858,195 bushels of 56 lbs. each, of this about one fourth part or 868,355 were imported in foreign vessels—All this salt was brought from foreign places, and no part of the salt prepared from the briny waters near the Onondaga in New-York, the various springs in the Western states, and the sea water at Cape Cod, Portsmouth, &c. are taken into this calculation.
Of this salt some parts came from the Swedish, Danish, and Dutch West-Indies—other parts were imported from the British West-Indies, the other British colonies, from the French West-Indies, from Spain, from Teneriffe, and the other Canaries, and the Spanish West-Indies—Parcels of the same salt were likewise brought from Portugal, Madeira, Cape de Verd Islands, and Italy, and about 20,000 bushels of a similar kind has heretofore annually been brought from Louisiana, which is now a part of the United States.
But notwithstanding all this trade in salt, to so many parts of the earth, the commerce in that article between the United States and Great Britain is very extensive and important.—During the year he before mentioned, the proportion of imported salt which was furnished by England alone, and of the manufacture of that country, amounted to 1,471,557 bushels of 56 lbs.—So that it is evident at least one third of the salt consumed in our country is exported from that part of Great Britain called England, and chiefly from those countries of which Liverpool is the mart.
This salt, as he understood, was prepared by the process of boiling the brine of the rock salt from Cheshire, and the water of the sea—And on account of the great plenty and cheapness of coal in Lancashire, there being also as he believed, no export duty laid on it, this salt was produced in abundance and sold on very low terms—It is employed as ballast for British ships coming into our ports, and when arrived is sure to sell and pay freight and frequently afford a profit—Our own ships also very commonly take it in for ballast and often as part of the cargo.
This traffic would be perfectly fair and convenient if English salt was of a strength and quantity fit to preserve animal flesh for provisions—But he was clearly of opinion, from his own knowledge, this was not the fact, and he had lately observed a discussion, on this subject in the British Parliament which confirmed that opinion.
The British government long ago made a distinction between English salt and foreign salt on their importation into Ireland—To encourage the introduction of salt from the Bay of Biscay and the Portuguese dominions, they permitted it to be imported into that kingdom at the rate of 34 lbs. the bushel, while Liver-
pool salt was charged with the same duty of two shillings on the bushel of 56 lbs.—the reason of this distinction was undoubtedly wife and cogent, experience had proved that British salt, as brought to the market, was destitute of that purity and strength which was necessary to preserve animal flesh from taint and corruption, and fit for human food in hot climates and on long voyages.
The trade of Ireland in beef, pork and butter, was of great importance, not only to that country itself, but to the whole navy and army of Britain, to keep up the character and wholesomeness of their provisions was a matter of immense national importance, and this could only be done by attention to have it preserved with salt of purity and strength—Experience had proved that the salt formed by crystallization in the open sunshine on the western shores and islands of southern Europe, was vastly better, than that produced by artificial concretion, in a boiling heat over a fire in the north—And the government had with prudent discernment, favored the introduction of Bay salt into Ireland, by permitting 84 lbs. to be imported for the same duty that was paid on the introduction of 56 lbs. of Liverpool salt.
The people of Liverpool have lately expressed uneasiness at this partiality, and an attempt has been made in parliament, to equalize the duty, as to give to both Bay and English salt a fair competition in the Irish market. This, however, was repelled by the Irish members, with many discernment and spirit; on the ground, that Bay salt was of a stronger quality, less easy to dissolve, and indispensable to the salters of meats—That English or Liverpool salt would not answer, for this extensive and important branch of business—That the discrimination in favour of Bay salt was politic and proper, and especially connected with the provision trade and the health of the fleets and armies.
It is my wish with Mr. T. that such a distinction should be made on the introduction of English salt into the United States, as has been made by the British laws themselves, on its importation into Ireland. There certainly exists the same causes for it. Like Ireland, our country abounds in provisions—beef, pork, fish and butter are great and stable articles of export; but their quality is very far inferior to the provisions of Ireland—The putrefaction of beef, pork and fish, to a very serious extent, has often occurred; the lots of property thereby was great, and the reputation of our provisions materially affected—But that was not the greatest evil—there is no doubt but that the exhalation from tainted and corrupted meats and fish in our towns as well as on board our vessels, poison the atmosphere and excite malignant fevers and other diseases.
His object was to retrieve and establish the reputation of our salted provisions in foreign markets—to prevent the loss of property by those who put up provisions for exportation, and also to prevent the evils resulting to our citizens and seamen from tainted and spoiling meats and fish. With this view of the subject he should propose in the first place, an enquiry into the expediency of reducing the duty on salt generally, and in the second, the propriety of making a distinction, so as to encourage the importation of strong and pure salt, in preference to the weak and impure salt manufactured in England.
He therefore moved the following resolution:
Resolved, That the Committee of Ways and Means be instructed to enquire into the expediency of reducing the duty on salt, and also into the propriety of making a distinction in the duty, so as to encourage the importation of salt from the dominions of Denmark, Sweden, the United Netherlands, Spain, France, Portugal and the British West-Indies in preference to that of any other place or places; and that they report by bill or otherwise.
Mr. J. Randolph said that the resolution which the gentleman from New York had submitted, and in relation to which he had favored the House with such copious details, embraced two objects—the reduction of the duty on salt generally—and the encouragement of the importation of a particular description of that article. The last subject belonging to a class which was confined to the committee of Commerce and Manufactures, he should confine himself to the first branch of the resolution; nor should he have troubled the house at all were not the motion of the gentleman from New-York calculated to excite an expectation, which he wished to repress, because he feared it could not be gratified. It was not to oppose enquiry, but to apprize the mover and the public that the result was likely to prove unpropitious to his wishes, that he had risen—The country on which the salt duty fell with peculiar force was that middle region, near enough to the sea board to be supplied altogether by importation, but too remote to have its consumption diminished by vicinage to the sea. Those whose flocks had access to salt water felt the duty, but partially—those, whose situation obliged them to use salt of home manufacture only, not at all. As an inhabitant of that district of country by which the duty was principally paid, and as a friend to agriculture, he had at an early period of the session, in conjunction with his friend the Speaker, turned his attention to the practicability of reducing the duty on salt—and you well know, Sir, (said Mr. R.) that the result of our enquiry satisfied us that this desirable object was not at present attainable. He mentioned this to show that other members felt an interest in this subject, as well as the gentleman from New-York, although they had not brought it before the House. The treasury statements on which the gentleman relied for the support of his position, that we can dispense with a portion of our existing revenue, establish the opposite opinion, beyond controversy. The estimated revenue of the ensuing year after defraying the estimated expense, yielded only a surplus of 210,000 dollars, and the specie balance in the treasury, which the gentleman had brought to his aid, was large indeed, but charged with near four millions of dollars on account of Great Britain, Maryland, and American claims upon France, whose payment we had assumed by convention with that power. The delay of these claims which were expected to have been paid, and for which we had made provision accordingly during the present year, had levelled the specie balance in the treasury—but certainly had not liberated that resource. On this subject what was the inference drawn by the head of that department? precisely the reverse of that of the mover of the resolution. As the greater part of these demands will be paid in the course of the year 1805 the balance will not probably, at the end of that year exceed the sum from which it was expected to retain in the treasury. The treasury would realize that by our tax accounts our revenue was bombarding Tripoli—who could answer for its future? who could undertake to say that, but for the American commerce, intelligence might not be received from that quarter (as was the case last year which would render it necessary to impose new taxes, instead of reducing them) The remarks which he had offered were not in

opposition to the motion of enquiry. He thought it his duty, and was always ready to go into every probable research which it tended to diminish the public burdens or to promote the agriculture, trade or manufactures of the country. He had their interests much at heart. He was as much interested in lowering the import on salt as any member in that House could be, but he felt it to be his duty explicitly to state that the object at which the resolution aimed was illusory. If however the prosperous condition of our affairs should experience no reverse—if a Mediterranean warfare should have a speedy and honorable termination—if we should continue to maintain a pacific position between the belligerent nations of Europe, and no unforeseen calamity should befall us, he had well-founded expectations that we might dispense with the additional duty of 8 cents on salt, at the next session of Congress.
Mr. Yacklen impressed with the importance of the subject, hoped it would be referred to the committee, and he would assure the gentleman from Virginia that the district of country over the mountain was greatly affected by the duty, for they did not procure salt in sufficient abundance in the interior to answer their consumption; salt usually sold there from 3-1/2 dollars to 4; and when it is considered what the merchants and traders advance was a per cent upon the first cost, it would be readily allowed that the citizens in the western country did not pay less than one dollar per bushel. If however the public exigencies are absolutely such that the duty cannot be dispensed with, he would be one of the first to vote against the reduction. But the House will not refuse its assent to reduce the duty, because it is possible that dangers may occur, or that it is possible we may go to war with other of the Barbary powers, or even with all the world; for that too is possible. So delirious was he of getting rid of this duty, that he would rather postpone the payment of the public debt a little longer, than oppress the people with such an unequal law—Unequal and oppressive, as it was to his constituents, yet he was satisfied they would willingly bear it, if it should prove an investigation that its repeal would endanger our finances or create a failure in the payment of the public debt in a reasonable time.
Mr. Thomas had no objection to adopt the idea of Mr. J. Randolph of referring the second part to the Committee of Commerce and Manufactures.
Mr. Cromwell said the effect of reducing the duties on salt would be the loss of 220,000 dollars annual revenue, which was more than its present excess, and as to the four millions in the treasury, that would speedily be required to pay the bills drawn upon the secretary on account of the purchase of Louisiana, and the whole of it was appropriated. He called for a division of the question, whereupon the first part respecting the repeal of the duties was referred to the committee of ways and means.
After this question the second part could neither be debated nor amended—and a question to refer it was lost.
A bill respecting the Post-road to lead from the Atlantic to the western waters was read and referred to a committee of the whole on Monday.
Petitions from Nancy Flinn whose husband accompanied Major Trueman, killed by the Indians, and John Major an old revolutionary soldier, both praying relief, were referred to the committee of claims.
The House resolved itself into a committee of the whole on the report in favor of the Georgia claimants at land lying South of Tennessee, having time to re-register the evidence of their titles in the office of the secretary of state.
Mr. Varnum in the Chair. On motion of Mr. Clark , three months were allowed for the purpose—The committee of the whole rose and reported, and the House agreed to the report.
The committee of the whole was discharged from the further consideration of the report of the Committee of Commerce and Manufactures on the petition of S. C. Ogden, and the House took the same into consideration, and resolved that the petitioner have leave to withdraw his petition.
A message was received from the Senate informing, that they would be ready to receive the articles of impeachment against Samuel Chase one of the associate judges of the Supreme court, at 1 o'clock this day.
Mr. J. Randolph from the managers appointed on the part of the House, to conduct the impeachment against Samuel Chase, an associate justice of the United States, reported, that the managers, did, this day carry to the Senate the articles of impeachment agreed to by this House, on the thirtieth ultimo—and that the said managers were informed by the Senate that their House would take proper measures relative to the said impeachment, of which this House should be duly notified.
Monday, December 10. Mr. Nicholson had leave of absence for eight days.
The Secretary of War reported against granting Lieutenant Walback his claim for expenses and the loss of his horse during the time he attended General Wilkinson as a commissioner to certain Indian nations, upon the principle that there was no provision made by law for such cases.
Referred to the committee of Claims.
A message from the Senate by Mr. Otis their secretary, informing that they had passed a bill for the disposal of certain copies of the laws of the United States to which they desired the concurrence of the House.
Mr. G. W. Campbell moved to refer to the committee on post-offices and post-roads, a resolution authorizing a road to be laid out from Tennessee to New-Orleans.
Mr. J. Randolph from the committee of Ways and Means brought in a bill authorizing the completion of the valuation of houses, lands and slaves in South Carolina; which had been inaccurately done under the law of 1798. The bill was read twice and referred to a committee of the whole on Thursday next.
Mr. J. Clay presented a memorial from the chamber of commerce at Philadelphia, remonstrating against the bill intended to restrain merchant vessels from arming. Referred to the committee of the whole on the bill regulating the clearance of armed merchant vessels.
Mr. Lowndes presented a petition in behalf of the claimants of Georgia lands in the upper Mississippi country, praying Congress to take up the subject and decide thereon during the present session.
Referred to the committee of claims.
Mr. Ennis presented a petition from Hannah Hobby, relict of the late marshal of the district of Maine, praying that she may be exonerated as the administratrix of her late husband, from the payment of 6000 dollars due by him to the United States.
Referred to the committee of Claims.
Mr. Nelson presented a petition from Eliza Bell and others, praying to be allowed 3000 acres of land due to his grandfather, captain Alexander Bell, for services rendered during the French and Indian war of 1758-9, or a proper consideration in lieu thereof.
Referred to the committee of Claims.
Mr. Finlay from the committee of Elections reported in favor of John Hoge, lately elected a member of the House for the state of Pennsylvania, that he is entitled to his seat. The report was, on motion of Dr. Leib , made the order of the day in committee of the whole for Friday next.
Mr. Eppes from the committee appointed on that subject, asked and obtained leave to report a bill to amend the charter of the town of Alexandria.
Referred to a committee of the whole on Wednesday next.
A message from the Senate informing that the Senate had entered into a resolution relative to the death of Samuel Chase, which was delivered to the Speaker, but not read.—We learn that
the purport of this resolution was that the Senate had fixed the second day of January, for the appearance of Judge Chase before the Senate, having directed him to be summoned fifteen days previous thereto.
Mr. Rodney called for the order of the day on the bill for establishing a court for the adjudication of prizes in certain cases.
Mr. J. C. Smith in the chair. After some time spent in discussing the bill, filling up the blanks and amending some of the sections, the committee rose and reported the bill with amendments. They were immediately taken up in the House, and gone through, & the House adjourned.
Tuesday, December 11.
Mr. Speaker laid before the House a letter inclosing sundry resolutions entered into by the inhabitants of the county of Alexandria, against a reception of that part of the district of Columbia to the state of Virginia, which, on motion of Mr. Lewis , was referred to the committee of the whole on the subject of a reception of the district, except the city of Washington, to the states of Maryland and Virginia.
The message received yesterday from the Senate was read, containing a resolution directing the secretary of the Senate to summon Samuel Chase, one of the associate judges of the Supreme court of the United States, to answer the articles of impeachment, and that the return thereof be made the second of January, & that the service should be at least fifteen days before the return day.
Mr. Early observed that the law authorizing the claimants of Georgia lands South of Tennessee to register the evidence of their titles under Great Britain or Spain in the office of the Secretary of State had expired last month, and thereupon he moved that a committee be appointed to revive the same, allowing further time for that purpose. A committee of five was appointed accordingly.
Mr. Lewis presented a petition from Francis Adams a collector of internal duties in the district of Virginia; praying to be reimbursed 56 dollars expended in defending a suit brought against him in his official character: referred to the committee of claims.
Mr. Seaver presented a petition from Ebenezer Brown, a sergeant in our Revolutionary army, praying a commutation of half pay or a pension in consideration of the wounds he received and his consequent disability; referred to the committee of claims.
Mr. Rodney presented the petition of Joseph Hodgson, applying for a compensation for the loss he sustained by the burning of his house, whilst occupied as the war office in this city. Referred to the Committee of Claims.
The order of the day on the unfinished business of yesterday being the report of the committee of the whole, on the bill establishing a court for the adjudication of prize causes in certain cases, was taken into consideration and the last clause of the bill, on motion of Mr. Rodney , was recommitted to the select committee of seven, who reported the bill.
Mr. Nelson presented a bill for the relief of Samuel Carlson, of Alexandria. Referred to a committee of the whole for Wednesday next.
Mr. R. Stanford wished to call up the resolutions on the reception of a part of the district of Columbia to the states of Maryland and Virginia. If any gentleman wished for the delay of a day or two, he had no objection to their indulgence, though for his part he saw no necessity for suspending a decision.
Mr. Lewis wished that all the inhabitants of the district might be heard on this subject before Congress decided, he hoped therefore the subject would not be pressed upon the house at this time.
Mr. Stanford was perfectly content to let the matter rest a little longer.
Mr. Lewis then called for the order of the day on the bill authorizing the erection of a dam or causeway across the western arm of the Potomac from Mason's Island to the Virginia shore.
General Varnum in the chair. After a long debate the committee rose and reported the bill with amendments, but before the House decided on the same, an adjournment was moved and carried. Adjourned.
Foreign Intelligence.
FROM GIBRALTAR.
BOSTON, December 5.
Captain DAVIS , of the brig Rebecca , arrived at this port yesterday, in 56 days from Gibraltar .—By this arrival we can learn nothing further from our Mediterranean Squadron off Tripoli , than the intelligence before received of the attack made by Commodore PREBLE . Capt. D. was informed at Gibraltar Bay , by Mr. Robert Anderson , a respectable merchant at that place, that war between Spain and England was declared, and that several Spanish ships were taken and brought in there a few days previous to the 7th of Oct. In consequence of the sickness which prevailed there and in most of the ports in the Mediterranean, all business was nearly suspended. In Gibraltar , upwards of 70, in Malaga , from one to 300, and in Valencia , upwards of 80 died every day:—At Cadiz and Alicant the fever raged considerably. (Bost. Democrat.)
Domestic Intelligence.
PROVINCE OF MAINE.
Maine Republicanism, Confirmed—by a Majority of 2199!
In the ARGUS of May 31st, we made a statement of the votes given for governor in the District of Maine, proving a republican majority of 64 votes for Judge Sullivan : this our Federal opponent declared incorrect, and promised to prove by an official statement that there was a federal majority of about 300—but has never done it. The following is a statement of votes given at the three last important Elections, (those for Electors are official) and prove the complete triumph of Reason and Principle over Error and Faction:
Table with 4 columns: ELECTORS, APRIL, 1801, APRIL, 1803. Rows include Counties (Cambridge, York, Kennebec, Lincoln, Hancock, Washington) and their respective vote counts.
6679 4383 6430 6576 1871 6732 Federal Majority, in 1803, 4551 Republican Majority, in April last, 64 Republican Majority, the 5th Nov. inst. 2199 Federal Loss, in 12 months, 2797 Republican Gain, in 12 months, 4808.
The District of Maine has furnished about one-third of the National Votes, and two-thirds of the Republican Majority. Eastern Argus.
NEW-HAMPSHIRE.
On the 21st ult., the legislature of New-Hampshire assembled at Concord—in both branches there are republican majorities. On the 23d Mr. Gilman , the federal governor, delivered his speech, which was moderate and becoming in all parts but that respecting the Massachusetts amendment, the adoption of which he strongly recommended; the senate answered his speech, expressing their disagreement in opinion with him on no other point. There is no doubt but the Massachusetts amendment will be negatived even by New Hampshire. The friends of freedom could not desire a more prosperous appearance than New Hampshire presents. On counting the electoral votes the republican ticket had 9033 of 17452.
Aurora.
The Legislature of New-Hampshire have completed the sorting and counting the votes for Electors of President and Vice-President of the United States, when the result was as follows:
Table with 2 columns: Whole number of votes, 17,452. Necessary to make a choice, 8,726. List of names and vote counts: John Goddard, 9084; Robert Alcock, 9075; Levi Bartlett, 9088; George Aldrich, 8995; Tim. Walker, 9048; Wm. Tarlton, 9072; Jonathan Steele, 9033.
The foregoing formed the Democratic ticket, which has prevailed over the Federal Republican ticket by a majority averaging about 720.
The Legislature of New-Hampshire has appointed the Hon. NICHOLAS GILMAN , a Senator to Congress in the room of the Hon. Simeon Olcott , whose term of service expires the 4th of March next. The votes were, for the Hon. NICHOLAS GILMAN , 85; — TIMOTHY TARRAN , 70.
NEW-YORK.
NEW-YORK, December, 11.
The electors of this state met at Hudson on Wednesday, and gave an unanimous ballot for Mr. Jefferson as President, and Mr. Clinton as Vice-President.
The fever raged violently at Gibraltar at the last dates.—The people have quitted the shore, and dwelt on ship-board.
NEW-JERSEY.
ELECTORS.—On Wednesday last the Electors of President and Vice-President of the United States, elected by the People of this state, namely, Moor , Furnan , Thomas Newbold , Jacob Hufsy , Abijah Smith , Solomon Freleigh , Alexander Carmichael , Phineas Manning , and William Rosell , Esqrs., met in the Council Chamber, in the State-House, in this city, and after making choice of Moor  Furnan , Esqrs. as their President, and William Rosell , their Secretary, proceeded to give their votes for President and Vice-President; when, we understand, Thomas Jefferson had their unanimous suffrage for the former, and George Clinton for the latter office.
The Rev. Abijah Davis was selected to be the bearer of these votes to the seat of the General Government. True Amer.
Alexander Wilson , formerly of this state, has been elected Representative to Congress from the district of Virginia lately represented by Col. Andrew Moore , appointed Senator. B.
PENNSYLVANIA LEGISLATURE.
Tuesday, December 4.
Simon Snyder was unanimously re-chosen Speaker of the House of Representatives.
General Montgomery , one of the electors of a President and Vice-President of the U. States, being unable, from indisposition, to attend at the seat of government, the members of the Senate and House of Representatives met in convention, and made choice of his son, Robert Montgomery , to supply his place.
On Wednesday morning the twenty electors assembled; and after having first appointed Charles Thomson , President, and Timothy Matlack , Secretary, they proceeded to vote for a President and Vice-President of the United States. The ballots being counted, it appeared, that Thomas Jefferson had twenty votes for the office of President, and George Clinton the like number for the office of Vice-President.
MARYLAND.
BALTIMORE, Dec. 13.
Extract of a letter from our correspondent dated Annapolis, December 9, 1804.
"We have now been three days occupied in discussing the charter of the Union Bank. The first day was spent in the argument of the question relative to the capital. The sum of 3 millions was supported by Mr. Stephen and opposed by Mr. Montgomery and finally carried by a majority of 11.
"The next proposition debated was to allot the 50 dollars, unpaid, to the several counties for de novo. This was warmly supported but lost by a large majority.
"The principle of ineligibility of directors, after 3 years service was this day discussed and carried. It was opposed on the ground that it would give more confidence to the stock of the Bank of Baltimore than that of the Union Bank, and thereby establish an undue preference. Besides this a variety of other reasons were urged against the adoption of the principle.
"The subject of turnpikes will occupy the attention of the legislature next week. I believe one can be obtained without any difficulty but it is very questionable whether more can be had this session."
From the following article, which we copy from the Norfolk Herald of the 6th inst. it would appear that the Dutch, as well as the Spanish, are coming in for snacks, and that the present Premier means to be, what was expected of him, the converse of his predecessor, and to wage a vigorous maritime war against the dependent facilities of the world be emperor of the universe:
"Ship Jones, from Philadelphia to Amsterdam, put into the off Wight the 10th October; her register endorsed by the captain of an English frigate, and ordered NOT TO GO TO AMSTERDAM. (Bol. Fed. Gaz.)
S. CAROLINA.
CHARLESTON, Dec. 6.
A letter from Columbia says, that the following gentlemen were nominated as Electors for President and Vice-President of the U. States; that in all probability they would be elected, and would vote for Thomas Jefferson as President, and George Clinton as Vice-President:—
John Blake, Arthur Simkins, Joseph Blyth, William Hill, John Gaillard, Thomas Taylor, Joseph Calhoun, James Miles, Samuel Warren, and John Taylor.
The above choice was made with a view to give each Congressional district an Elector, but there being too more electors to be chosen than there are districts, the two gentlemen with this mark* were taken from Charleston district.
City Gaz.
S. CAROLINA LEGISLATURE.
The house proceeded to the consideration of the following report of the committee on vacant offices, to whom was referred the letter of the honorable Pierce Butler , a Senator in the Congress of the United States from this state, accompanied by instructions to report thereon specifically, reported, that they have attentively perused the said letter, and are of opinion that it contains no expressions which can induce a belief that he was desirous of quitting the service of his constituents, but rather from considerations of duty and respect, to afford an opportunity (should they be inclined to embrace it) of preferring to the office he filled, an incumbent, whose opinions, upon topics relating to their state rights and sovereignty, might be more in unison with their own than those which had dictated his conduct as representative from this state in the Senate of the Congress of the United States; the committee therefore recommended that the above mentioned letter be not accepted as a resignation of the office of the said P. Butler .
Mr. Ervin then moved the following as an amendment: that after the words, "Report that they have attentively perused the said letter and" should be stricken out, the remainder of said report, and in lieu thereof, the following words substituted, "are of opinion that Pierce Butler has, by his letter directed to the speaker of this house, resigned his seat in the Senate of the United States," which was agreed to.
The legislature of this state yesterday proceeded to the election of two Senators in the Congress of the United States from this state; one in the room of the honorable Pierce Butler , resigned, and one in the room of the honorable Thomas Sumter , whose present term of service will expire in March next; when the honorable John Gaillard was elected in the place of the honorable Pierce Butler , and the honorable Thomas Sumter was re-elected.
GEORGIA.
LOUISVILLE, Nov. 27.
The bill for incorporating a state bank was lost this morning by one vote. I should advise the immediate establishment of a private bank; as the state rejects advantages of such extensive nature, she should be left to feel their importance. M.
LOUISIANA.
A letter from New-Orleans of the 11th November states.
"Governor Folck is now in this city, but will leave it in a few days. This officer marched with 300 men from Pensacola to Baton Rouge in order to restore the tranquility of that settlement, which had been disturbed by Kemper and his party. But on the governor's arrival every thing was quiet; Mr. Kemper with his party consisting of not more than 28 persons, having abandoned their objects, and retired from the district. Governor Folck has with him here, eight or ten officers, a band of music, and 16 or 20 bargemen. Gov. Folck is on his return to Pensacola , and it is said he requested governor Claiborne 's permission to pass by the way of New-Orleans. On Sunday last (being St. Carlo's day) the marquis of Calo Calvo , (who remains here as commissioner of limits) gave a dinner, at which the Spanish officers and many of the officers of the United States attended; and on Tuesday governor Claiborne gave a dinner, at which the officers of the United States and those of Spain now in our city attended.
A New-Orleans paper says,
"On the 5th ult. the court was opened by the hon. J. B. Prevost , with an elegant, but brief charge to the Grand-jury.—We regret our inability to procure a copy for the perusal of our readers. Among other rules of court, it is determined that all actions shall be brought by petition and that all its pleadings shall be in French and English."
WEST-INDIES.
The following extract of a letter, the subject of which we are unable to explain or account for, was handed to us this morning by a respectable gentleman, to whom it was addressed by his correspondent, an American, then resident, in the Island of Dominique :
" Dominique , 3d Nov. 1804.
"This port was closed yesterday against all American cargoes of every description: this I am informed is to be the case in all the British islands. The cause of this procedure is not known here; some suppose it owing to the application of the Irish merchants. (P. and Com. Reg.)
LIBERTY OR IMPERIAL DECREE. DEATH.
Jacques , Emperor of Hayti , directs the following Ordinance to be carried into effect throughout his dominion.
All vessels to whatever nation belonging that shall introduce spirituous liquors into this Island, shall be liable to pay a duty of two dollars per gallon on the liquor thus imported.
The General, Minister of the Finances, is specially charged with the execution of this decree, and the Generals and other military authorities are directed to aid and assist in carrying the same into effect.
Done at the Imperial Palace of Desfalinnes , the 29d of September, in the first year of independence and of our reign.
By the Emperor DESSALINES . BOISROND TONNERRE .
Miscellaneous.
NEW INSTITUTIONS IN LONDON.
Extract of a letter from Dr. Lettson , London, to Dr. Fothergill , Philadelphia.
"The Medical Society propose to have a Jennerian annual oration, in honor of their colleague, Dr. Jenner , in imitation of the Harveian oration by the college, with a gold medal to the orator.
"One new society has been established here, and meets with much encouragement—the Horticultural Society , and considering that vegetables constitute a very large portion of our diet, it promises great public utility.
"Lectures are given here every evening in rooms illuminated by inflammable gas.—In the process of extracting the gas from coal (which of course is excluded from the air) the gas is conveyed into tubes round the chambers, by which the coal is cooked and makes answers for fuel again. The acid is separated, and makes Vinegar and Salomiac . The tar is separated by a cooler as the thinner bodies escape, and forms an article of trade. It is now proposed to light places of amusement in this manner, as well as beacons and light houses; and probably it will be applied as a telegraph by night, the light of which is not extinguished by rain, and scarcely by wind. This was originally the invention of Le Rou , and is likely to be improved by Mr. Winzer , an old patient of mine. By making the flame in the kitchen, every room may be warmed and illuminated, and every article dressed, without dust or smoke."
From the Boston Centinel.
KINE POCK THE EXTERMINATOR OF THE PLAGUE.
Dr. Waterhouse has just received a letter from Dr. De Carro , of Vienna, containing among other interesting particulars, that which leads us to hope that the blessings of vaccination may be extended to a security against the Plague. Dr. De Carro does not affirm that he has himself seen proofs of it: That he believes it, will appear from the following extract from his letter, which that learned foreigner has written in the English language:
"As the Plague reigns sometimes in some Provinces of Hungary, I have been taken with the Proto-medical of Hungary for ascertaining the fact respecting the operation of vaccination and plague. I have published the curious documents, which have been communicated to me from the Levant, in their original shape; and hitherto there is no fact contradicting Dr. Auran 's report respecting vaccination rendering the body less susceptible to the plague. If this new discovery is confirmed by further researches, there is no monument durable enough to perpetuate the memory of the Physician of Berkley . I could not resist adding to Jenner 's name, in my last work on the oriental vaccination, this passage from Horace —
"One mild major meliore terris, Fata donavere bonique Divi,
"Nec dabunt, quamy redeant in aurum Tempora priscum."
"One of the most striking circumstances attending vaccination is the invariable success of its results, whatever be the climate and constitution of the subjects who undergo it. This is confirmed by a pamphlet I have just received from Bombay , and by your own treatise written in America."
"You have done more precisely for America, what I have done for the continent of the old world, introduced it, and pursued the object with unremitting ardour: and given the example in your own family. I have often thought of the likenesses of your situation and mine in that and other respects.—It appears however, by your narrative, that the difficulties you had to encounter, depended more from the distance in which you were from the source of the preventive, and from a scattered population, than from obstacles resulting from malice and obstinate adherence to old methods. I was not so lucky."
"Whatever was the indolence of those who might have earlier employed their influence in the adoption of the new inoculation, it is however certain that no human discovery ever made such progress as vaccination, so that we may confidently hope, that it will be soon the only custom which all nations will have in common, whatever be the difference of their climate, manners or religion."

OFFICE OF PUBLIC PRINTER.
On Friday a Bill was reported by Mr. P. Johnson from a select committee, for abolishing the office of Public Printer. The heads of this Bill are
 1st. That this office should be henceforth abolished.  2nd. That it should be the duty of the Clerk of the House of Delegates to contract with some printer for the printing of the Journals, Bills and other jobs executed, during each session, for the use of the house.  3rd. That it should be the duty of the Executive Council to contract with some printer for the execution of all the other printing for the use of the state; with this proviso, that no contract should be made for a longer period than 3 months. 
Mr. P. Johnson observed that this was the proper time to arrest the Bill before the house. That he was opposed to all its provisions, and particularly to its last section. The Executive are to contract for the printing of the work for the use of the state. And is it proper then in us to degrade our Executive Council to a board of contractors? Every three months they are to advertise for some person, who will execute this mechanical work in the best style and on the lowest terms. They are to receive the different estimates which may be offered to them, and they are then to count up each petty item of expense, and compare all these various propositions together; for what? To obtain a printer who will do our work on the best terms. I ask, whether our present printer is incapable. I demand the reason why we should throw the responsibility upon the Executive, for a choice must be made by some department or other; and why we should be afraid to take it upon ourselves? Is it to save the pitiful sum of 2,700 dollars? There is another argument which has some weight. If we adopt the system specified by this Bill, the expense of the public printing will be uncertain. For it will be left entirely to competition. Is it not better to let the people know at once, as they do under the present plan, what is paid for this work, than leave it in uncertainty?
Mr. P. Johnson.—It is unusual, I believe Sir, to debate a Bill like the present upon its first reading. It is always proper to let it lie over a short time for the investigation of the members, who are seldom prepared with sufficient facts to come to an immediate decision. None but a very strong mind can properly estimate such an innovation, as this may be said to be, at first sight. If the gentleman from Amelia can, there are certainly very few others who are as well prepared. This gentleman has omitted the very strongest feature in the Bill; public economy. I mean the economy of money and the time of this house. How much controversy, Sir, for the last 4 or 5 years has taken place in this house on the salary to be given to this officer, and of the candidate to whom it should be given: so much, that I will venture to say, we have dissipated the amount of that salary.
But the gentleman says, the executive will be degraded: will they indeed? And is the gentleman then more disposed to degrade this house than the Executive? Or is it in fact any degradation at all?—Exclusive of this consideration there is another point of view, in which this subject may be considered. The economy which we should observe, as it regards the salary. The salary is now about 2,700 dollars: but a highly respectable printer has told me that if the work were made the subject of competition, it might be done for half of that sum. Let us not then, throw the Bill out immediately: Let us take time to enquire into its merits: At all events let it progress.
Mr. Barbour.—How comes it to pass, Sir, that this is the first time since the establishment of the colony of Virginia, that the propriety of this office has ever been questioned? Our state has invariably employed a Public Printer. This fact is universally attested by the archives of our country. Is our public printing less extensive now, than formerly? Show me, Sir, if it can be done, why we should in the present case innovate upon antiquity. I will venture to assert, that a public printer is an officer of the state: that the appointment of this officer is a part of the patronage of this house. Sir, I will never consent to take away any part of our patronage. The gentleman who preceded me has asserted that the public money and the time of this house have been dissipated in controversial arguments upon the amount of salary and the character of the candidates. But Sir, the system which has been proposed, will introduce more controversy into this house. The estimates of expenditures will be laid before us; and then we shall have to make it a matter of contention, whether the proper departments have not contracted for too much or for too little. The Clerk of this house is to be invested with the power of contracting ad libitum : and so also will the Executive. I can never consent to trust either of those organs with such an unlimited power.—We have been told that the work may be executed for one half of the stipulated salary. Why then did they not bring in a Bill with such a proviso? For then some respectable printer might have come forward to comply with its terms. Sir, I have thought proper to meet this Bill at the outset. If any measure has my disapprobation, I will say so ab initio .
Mr. Hening believed, that the Bill had been brought in for the purpose of economy, and in this point of view he could not but approve of it.—The gentleman from Orange says, that it is an innovation. He did not think so. A law was not brought in sooner than the year 1798, recognizing this office.—Another objection had been made, that it would be a degradation to the executive. He should be sorry, indeed to make the executive mere agents: but under the present structure of our government, it could not well be avoided. In other governments, the executive department had several subordinate officers to contract; but in our state, no such organization was to be found.—It has been also objected, that the expense was unlimited; that it depended entirely upon the Clerk of the House and the Council. But this might be obviated. Let an estimate be obtained of the expense, and then let the Bill say, that no greater sum shall be appropriated than shall be necessary to cover this expense. Mr. H. concluded with expressing his desire that the Bill should pass to a second reading.
Mr. Smyth (of Wythe) would vote for the further progress of the Bill. Perhaps it might not be perfect in this form, but it may be hereafter amended. He thought that the appointment of a public printer was more properly an executive than a legislative appointment. Our constitution has kept these two departments evidently distinct; and the legislature ought never to interfere in the appointment to office except where political talents and political sentiments should be necessary qualifications. Why then should we insist upon the appointment to an office, the duties of which were merely mechanical?
Whatever other gentlemen might think of the value of patronage, he was willing for his own part to declare, that he wished none of it. Nor did he believe, that this house had in any need of it.—It is not a fact, as has been asserted, that the system recommended in the present Bill, is an innovation. The appointment of this office by law , is in fact a late thing. If we look back to a former period, we shall discover that sometimes the clerk of each house appointed its own printer: and sometimes the choice was made by a joint vote.—In examining the relative claims of the executive and legislature to this appointment, the former had some advantages over us which must be acknowledged by all. They are here; they are acquainted with the mechanics and with the value of their work. Whereas this House meets here only once a year, and cannot be expected to acquire the necessary information.—Thus far Mr. Smyth said, he was willing to go. He would furnish the executive with money and competency. If it should be objected that the period of 3 months was too short, it may be extended by the Bill.
Mr. P. Johnson observed, that he had one or two other remarks to offer on this subject. A fascinating argument has been used Mr. Speaker: Patronage. The passions of this house have been appealed to. They have been asked how they could devolve a power upon another department, which they have held themselves for so long a time. But, Sir, this is not a fact. Our right of appointment has been acquired by usurpation. Under the former government, the choice was made by the executive—and under the present government it was not made by this house before '98.—But, Sir, let me ask where is the advantage. South-Carolina is, I believe, the only state in the union, which has a public printer. In all the others the work is done by contract; and the price is regulated by competition. Surely then the experiment is worth making in our own state.
Mr. Barbour.—Sir, a much more interesting question has been introduced, than the appointment of an officer. We have been accused, Sir, of usurpation. Tell me, when we were guilty of this abominable act. Shall it then be said, Sir, that the Executive are the residuary legatees of all power, not expressly given to this house? If such be the case, then is the Executive invested with exorbitant power, and this house is nothing. What! Sir, because the power of making this appointment was formerly given to the Executive under the royal government, shall we conceive ourselves bound to pursue its maxims? Shall we erect the English Executive into a kind of Prototype for our own? If so then let gentlemen tell me how far they mean to go.—Shall we say that the election of the Auditor by this house is an usurpation?—If the power of appointment cannot be falsely conferred to us, the immediate representatives of the people, where can we safely place it?—Usurpation, Sir? Usurpation for 6 years? I say, Sir, in comparison with this interesting question the office sinks in the dust. I have too high an opinion of this house to believe that their proceedings will be influenced by any fear of this imputation.—The gentleman from Wythe, says, we do not want patronage. I declare it as my opinion, Sir, that it is the support of government. It may be a calumny, Sir, upon the human race for any man to declare that most men are governed by self interest: But my experience assures me of the melancholy fact, that my belief that at least one third of mankind are led by the loaves and fishes. In this state, and under the former federal administration, almost every thing has obeyed their influence. I believe, Sir, that from the moment in which we resign our patronage, from that moment too may we date the downfall of our liberties.
On the question of reference, the ayes were 69, the nays 92, of course the Bill was rejected.
If a Stenographer were present to take down the proceedings and Debates of the Virginia Legislature, it would probably be productive of great benefit to the people and to the members themselves.
Many a law is now passed, the reasons of which are never completely unfolded to the view of the people, on whom it is to operate. It is not every law, which has an explanatory preamble to it; nor is it every preamble that takes a complete view of all the cases on which it is intended to operate. Were some Stenographer present, this inconvenience might generally be remedied. It is the practice of every member, when he introduces a motion to amend some old act or to frame a new one, to mention at the same time some of the principal reasons of this motion, or otherwise to explain the principal advantages, which may be anticipated from this new arrangement. These reasons would no longer assume a fugitive form. They would be recorded by the pen of the short hand writer, and afterwards disseminated among the people through the channel of our public papers. In this manner, every law would go abroad accompanied by its reasons, and the people might thus become more extensively acquainted with what may be called the philosophy of our laws.
The presence of the Stenographer would perhaps have a more striking effect upon the members themselves. There are several members who rise in that house without much elaborate preparation. If they can for a few moments interest the attention of the assembly by a short and unstudied statement of their reasons, they seem to have ascended to the summit of their ambition. They do not appear at all anxious to throw their argument into that clear and didactic form, and convey it in that terse, elegant and impressive style, of which their subject may be susceptible, and to which their own powers are completely competent. But were a Stenographer introduced, the scene would be materially changed. A new test of talent would be introduced, and stronger incitements would exist for active and luminous discussions. The Stenographer and the press would enlarge the sphere of criticism and likewise of distinction. It would not be in the Capitol only, that these speeches would be heard, examined and converted into a subject of approbation or censure, nor would they be judged of in other parts of the state by the imperfect sketches which some listless auditor might carry away with him. They would then be brought home to almost every man's fire-side; and almost every constituent in the state might have an opportunity of understanding the sentiments of his representative, expressed too in nearly his own language. An instrument of this kind which would make a kind of visible auditor of almost every man in the state would certainly stimulate the exertions of every representative who wishes to catch the "popularis aura." It would stimulate him in that precise proportion in which the publicity and permanence of the Stenographic method would exceed the limited and fugitive circulation of the present plan.
The Editor of this paper is unfortunately unacquainted with the Stenographic art. The conviction which he now possesses of its utility will no doubt lead him to devote many of their intervals of his professional pursuit to its successful attainment; and he hopes that when the next session of the Legislature shall arrive, he shall be better prepared to record the proceedings and Debates of that respectable body. At present he can employ only a very flow pen and a very short memory in drawing out the most imperfect sketches of these Legislative proceedings. He can only catch a few thoughts and a few expressions as they flow from
the lips of the speaker. Although he will attempt to do these all the justice, which his imperfect instruments would enable him to observe, he knows too well, that his own sketches will fall very far short of the grace and accuracy of the original. It will not always be in his power to furnish his readers even with these imperfect specimens. He can promise them only an occasional exhibition.
Legislature of Virginia. EXTRACTS FROM THE JOURNALS OF THE HOUSE OF DELEGATES.
Tuesday, December 12th, 1804.
The house again, according to the order of the day, resolved itself into a committee of the whole house, on the memorial of George Jackson, and the petitions of sundry persons on the subject of the claim of the Indiana Company; and after some time spent therein, Mr. Speaker resumed the chair, and Mr. Aylett reported, that the committee of the whole house had, according to order, had the said memorial and petitions under consideration, had gone through the same, and had agreed upon a report and come to a resolution thereupon, which he handed in at the clerk's table, where the same were read as follows:
The committee of the whole house, to whom was referred the memorial of George Jackson, and the petition of sundry inhabitants of the counties of Monongalia, Ohio, Harrison, Randolph and Wood, have, according to order, had the same under their consideration and beg leave to report.
That it appears to your committee, that on the 2d day of July, 1744, in consideration of the sum of £400, paid by Thomas Lee and William Beverly, commissioners deputed by the governor of Virginia, to treat with the Indians of the six nations, twenty-six chiefs of the said six nations, did, by deed under their hands and seals, renounce and disclaim all the right of the said six nations, and recognize and acknowledge the right and title of the King of Great-Britain, to all the lands within the colony of Virginia, which deed, on the 25th day of October, 1744, was proved by three of the witnesses thereto, & recorded in the general court of Virginia.
That it appears to your committee, that upwards of 24 years after the said deed was recorded to wit, on the third day of November, 1768, six chiefs of the six nations, by deed subscribed by them, reciting as a consideration, that Indians of the Shawanese, Delaware and Huron tribes, had before that time plundered certain merchants of a large quantity of goods, and acknowledging the payment of five shillings, did convey to the king of Great-Britain, to the use of William Trent and others, the said merchants, a large tract of country between the rivers Ohio and Monongalia, which deed was afterwards, to wit, on the day of 1769, proved by the oath of one of the witnesses thereto, and recorded in Pennsylvania.
It further appears to your committee, that so long ago as 1753, some inhabitants under the authority of Virginia, occupied part of the said territory and were expelled therefrom by the French and Indians, from whom the same was reconquered in 1758, after which and during the regal government, in surveys settled, surveyed and obtained grants for lands within the said territory.
It appears to your committee, that in June, 1779, the General Assembly of Virginia, on consideration of the claim of the Indiana Company, passed an act declaring, that this commonwealth hath the exclusive right of pre-emption from the Indians, of all lands within the limits of its own chartered territory, and that such exclusive right of pre-emption, will and ought to be maintained by this commonwealth, to the utmost of its power, and that the purchases made by or on behalf of the crown of Great-Britain, did and ought to endure forever to the use of this commonwealth, and that all sales by Indians, of lands within the said limits, for the separate use of any person or persons whatsoever, are utterly void and of no effect.
It appears to your committee, that in October, 1779, the Assembly of Virginia passed acts for adjusting claims to unpatented lands, and for opening the land office, and by the first of the said acts persons who previous to 1778 were settled on waste and unappropriated lands, to which no other person then had any legal right or claim, were allowed to obtain 400 acres in right of their settlement, and a preemption of 100 acres of the like waste and unclaimed land; and by the latter act any person was allowed to purchase warrants for waste and unappropriated lands, the location of which he was himself specially to direct.
It appears to your committee, that under the two last recited acts, a very considerable quantity of land, within the bounds claimed by the Indiana company under the deed made by the said chiefs of the six nations on the third day of November, 1768, has been surveyed and granted to the settlers, and others, at their request, in the same manner as other lands supposed to be waste, have been granted.
It appears to your committee, that in 1791, George Morgan, as a proprietor, and sole agent of the Indiana company, petitioned the legislature of this commonwealth for redress for the injury alleged to have been suffered by the said company by the declaratory act aforesaid, passed in 1779, which petition, with only four dissenting votes, was rejected.
Resolved, As the opinion of this committee, that the memorial of George Jackson, and the petitions of sundry inhabitants of the counties of Monongalia, Ohio, Harrison and Randolph, praying aid to defend a suit instituted in the Federal Circuit Court of the district of Virginia against them by the Indiana company, be rejected.
The said resolution being read a second time, a motion was made to amend the same, by striking out at the end thereof the words "be rejected" and inserting the words "be reasonable"; and adding after the last mentioned words, the following, "and that the sum of six hundred dollars be paid out of the arrears of taxes due from the counties petitioning on the said subject, towards paying counsel to assist in defence of the said suit";
And the question being put upon the proposed amendment, it passed in the negative.—Yeas 10—Nays 141.
The question being then put upon the resolution as reported from the committee of the whole house; It was agreed to by the house.—Yeas 128—Nays 9.
Wednesday, Dec. 12.
Mr. E. Harrison presented from the committee of propositions and grievances, the following bills;
A bill for adding part of the county of Ohio to the county of Harrison; and
A bill, to prevent the hauling of seines at certain places, within certain periods annually; and the same were received and read the first time, and ordered to be read a second time.
Mr. Dixon presented, according to order, a bill, appropriating a sum of money for the purpose of opening the navigation of the Holston
river; which was received and read the first time, and ordered to be read a 2d. time.
Ordered, That leave be given to bring in a bill, to amend and explain an act, further declaring what shall be deemed unlawful meetings of slaves; and that Messrs. Westwood, Aylett, E. Harrison, King, Tazewell, Southall, Mosely and Diggs do prepare and bring in the same.
A petition of Dr. Joseph Mettauer, of Prince Edward county, was presented and read; praying the passage of a law to divorce him from his wife Jemima, for reasons in the said petition stated; Referred to the committee for courts of justice.
A petition of Edmund W. Rootes (as agent for the patentee) was presented and read, praying for the introduction of Dearborn's patent balances into such warehouses in this commonwealth as may be hereafter established, or such as may be in want of new sets of scales and weights, provided the inspectors of such warehouses, shall approve of such change; Referred to the committee of propositions and grievances.
Thursday Dec. 13.
A bill, appropriating a sum of money for the purpose of opening the navigation of the Holston river, was read a second time, and ordered to be engrossed and read a third time.
Mr. Barbour presented, according to order, a bill, to prevent slaves being brought into this state; which was received and read the first time, and ordered to be read a second time.
On motion:
Ordered, That the said bill be now read a second time; and the said bill was accordingly read a 2d. time; and on motion, ordered to be referred to the committee of the whole house on to-morrow.
Leave was given to bring in bills—to amend an act, entitled an act, to amend and reduce into one the several acts of the General Assembly for regulating the Militia of this commonwealth; to amend the act, intitled, an act directing the registering the names, ages and sexes of slaves in certain cases; to amend and explain the act passed January 20th 1804, intitled, an act concerning proceedings in chancery, and for other purposes; to amend an act to reduce into one the several acts for the better securing the payment of rents and preventing the fraudulent practices of tenants; and to regulate the practice of suing out and prosecuting writs of replevin.
Ordered, That so much of the Governor's communication as relates to the letter from Colonel Monroe, to the Governor, be referred to Messrs. Hening, Peake, Dabiel, Johnston, Stovrs, Tazewell, Campbell, Cabell, and Barbour; that they do take the subject matter thereof into consideration, and report their opinion thereupon to the house by bill or otherwise.
Resolved, That the speaker be authorised to assign places within the bar of the house, to any printer of the City who may wish to take the debates of the house.
A petition from the corporate body of the City of Richmond, was presented and read, stating certain defects in the law incorporating & the other laws relating to the said City, particularly the want of authority in the court or common council of the said city, to appoint a mathematical surveyor, with power to prescribe his duties and fix his fees, and praying the passage of a law to remedy that and other defects in the said acts of assembly;
Ordered, That the said petition be referred to the committee for courts of justice;
A petition of the superintendents of the public tobacco warehouse, on the James river canal, was presented and read, praying for an augmentation of their salaries; referred to the committee of claims;
A petition from a number of the religious society of friends, commonly called quakers, was presented and read, praying that they may be exempted from militia duty; and the question being put upon the reference of the said petition—it passed in the negative.
Those who voted in the negative, observed that this petition had been regularly presented during several sessions, & that the prayer of the petition had been as constantly refused; that it was proper on this account to extinguish at once every hope of the petitioners, by an in statu quo rejection; that the propriety of this proceeding was still further confirmed by a consideration of the subject matter of the petition itself. It was a petition to exempt a particular sect of Christians from militia duty; and this exemption could not be reconciled either with the constitution and laws of our own country, or with the abstract principles of any government. The petition had stated, indeed, that any attempt to subject the Quakers to the performance of military duty was contrary to the constitution, because that instrument had secured to all men the liberty of conscience; and the religious creed of the Quakers had forbidden all concern with military services. But this definition of the liberty of conscience was evidently too extensive. That term was confined to the speculative truths of religion and the administration of the church; and not to any civil and distinct concerns. It evidently implied not the right of being exempted from every restraint which the civil magistrate might impose upon the religious proselyte, but from every restraint which might affect the freedom of disseminating his speculative opinions, and maintaining his religious worship. This construction too was evidently confirmed by the spirit of the constitution, which allows to every sect an equal liberty of conscience; but where would be the equality of religious privileges, if upon one sect of Christians was thrown the whole burden of learning the preparatory discipline of war, and of defending their country against the invasions of a foreign enemy; whilst another sect might remain at home without any interruption, and in the agreeable prosecution of their daily business? If they ascended to the abstract principles of government itself, the pretensions of the Quakers would be found incompatible with the duty of citizens and the security of their country. Protection on the part of the government and obedience on the part of the people, were reciprocal and almost correlative terms. If the government protected them in their lives, persons and property, it was surely their duty to protect that government from destruction, when the country was invaded; and of course it was their duty to undergo the preparatory labours of training and discipline. However strongly it was to be desired that all wars should forever disappear from the face of the earth; however desirable that the Elysian era might appear, when every man might sit under his own vine and his own fig-tree, and there should be no one to make him afraid, it was still a melancholy fact that this blissful era had not yet arrived; it was a fact that in this country, the casualties of war were ever likely to happen. Is it not then our duty in a period of peace to prepare for the dangers of war? And what then must be thought of those citizens who stand aloof from the scene of discipline; and who now bring forward an unfounded construction of the constitution to excuse them in the omission of that duty, to which they had pledged as citizens and as men?
Those who voted in the affirmative observed, that the duty of military service was not universal. It did not belong to any person over the age of 45, nor to any person whose services were dangerous, as to people of colour. If then there were some exceptions, why should they not also be made in favour of those who were entitled to the liberty of conscience, and whose conscience would be wounded by an obedience to this law? Would it not violate the conscience of an Earl-Indian to be compelled to go upon the water; and yet shall it be said, that the conscience of a Quaker would not be as much wounded by the performance of militia duty? Other states have granted these exemptions, and shall Virginia, who has always prided herself upon the liberality of her institutions, exhibit in the present case a more intolerant spirit? If the society of friends be indulged with this exemption, cannot they easily furnish an equivalent? In time of war, they are believed to be carriers and pioneers; and in time of peace, they might surely have some other services to perform; such as the mending of roads. But if they are not permitted to enjoy this liberty of conscience, where, it may be asked, is the benefit which society will receive from a compulsory execution of the law? There are only two possible advantages which can result from it; the performance of military duty or the collection of a revenue. But surely the state will not so far degrade its character; it will not stoop so low as to replenish its coffers from the militia fines of men, whose petty contributions are levied at a considerable expense by detaining upon their property, and in the very case too of their religious scruples. If the state is unwilling to defer to so degraded an office, neither has it the power to attain the other object, which this law may be supposed to contemplate: the performance of military duty. Experience has sufficiently proved, that the Quakers cannot be prevailed upon to comply with this requisition. Where then is the advantage of extending the provisions of a law to a class of men, when the only proper and honourable object of that law is evidently placed beyond their power? Is it not then illiberal, is it not persecution, to impose upon them this unnecessary burden? So long as we enjoy the blessings of peace, the military service of the Quakers is unnecessary: and when a war arrives they can easily supply their places by the employment of substitutes. The friends of the petition concluded with stating, that an annual fine of 45 l . would fall very oppressively upon many of the Quakers; and particularly upon the petitioners from Grayson county, who were in general poor, and incompetent to defend with ease, the ordinary expenses of the government.
(It was observed, in the course of this discussion, by a member from Shenandoah that there are not less than four sets of Christians in some parts of the state, who are opposed, on religious principles, to the performance of militia service, or the payment of the militia fines; Dunkards, Mennonits, Quakers and Independent Baptists.)
Some original communications are necessarily postponed.
Last Night's Mail.
Yesterday the nineteen Republican Electors of Massachusetts, assembled for the important purpose of giving in their votes; and we have the pleasure to inform the public, that they were unanimous in their ballots for THOMAS JEFFERSON, as President, and GEORGE CLINTON as Vice-President.
Boston Chronicle December 7.
The votes of CONNECTICUT, for president and vice president, were given to Charles C. Pinckney, as president, and Rufus King, as vice-president.
CONGRESS. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 12.
Mr. J. Clay presented a memorial from Thomas Kirtland, praying to be allowed a drawback of the duties on goods imported from Batavia to Philadelphia in the ship Washington, in 1801, and since exported to Europe in other vessels, the drawback being refused under a misconstruction of the law by the officers of the customs, and decided by Congress at the last session under a misapprehension of the facts. Referred to the Committee of Commerce and Manufactures.
Mr. Thomas presented a petition from Sarah Blagden, widow of lieut. colonel Blagden of the cavalry, praying compensation for sundry services performed by the deceased during our revolutionary war. Referred to the Committee of claims.
Mr. Lyon presented a petition and memorial from sundry inhabitants of the counties of Randolph and St. Clair, in the Indiana territory, stating their claim as actual settlers to the pre-emption right to certain lands, and trusting that Congress will enable them to obtain their lands on moderate terms. Referred to a select committee of five.
Mr. Dana from the Committee of Claims reported favourably on the petitions of James M'Pheron, for lands granted him by certain Indian Chiefs whilst prisoner among them, that the Indian deed was so defective and so utterly void of proof and so peculiarly objectionable, as to induce the committee to report a resolution that the petition be rejected.
This resolution was concurred in by the House. On the petition of Mary Ralston, the report was against the justice or legality of the claim against the United States, her husband was an inspector of the port of Philadelphia receiving a per diem compensation during the time of his service. His expenses was one of those misfortunes upon which claims upon humanity might be founded, but not upon the United States.—Resolved that she have leave to withdraw her petition.
On the request of Dr. Leib this report was suffered to lie on the table, to give time for further enquiry into the merits of the claim.
Also on the petition of Moses White and Charlotte Hazen, that from an attentive consideration of the case the prayer of the petition is reasonable and ought to be granted. Referred to a committee of the whole for to-morrow.
Gen. Varnum from the committee appointed on that subject presented according to order, a bill for establishing rules and articles for the government of the armies of the United States, which was twice read, and referred to the committee of the whole for Friday next.
Mr. Newton presented the petition of Gideon Parrat, an old soldier in our revolutionary war, stating his being engaged in several battles and receiving several wounds in the service, by which and his advanced age, he is rendered incapable of obtaining a decent support; and praying to be placed on the pension list. Referred to the Committee of Claims.
On motion of Mr. Lewis, the unfinished business of yesterday, on the bill relating to the dam or causeway to be erected across the Potomac, from Mason's Island to the Virginia shore, was considered by the House, and after some attempts to modify the bill, all of which proved unsuccessful, the bill was ordered to be engrossed and read a third time to-morrow.
THIS DAY IS PUBLISHED, AND FOR SALE AT RITCHIE & WOODSLEY'S BOOK-STORE: The RAINBOW, SERIES FIRST; Originally Published in the RICHMOND ENQUIRER.

THE YAZOO EMPIRE.
The commissioners appointed in pursuance of the act, entitled, "An act for an amicable settlement of limits with the state of Georgia, and authorizing the establishment of a government in the Mississippi territory," in obedience to the provisions of the act, supplementary to the last mentioned act—respectfully submit the following report made on the claims made by settlers and other persons to lands within the territory situate west of the river Chattahoochee, and south of the cession made to the U.S. by South Carolina.
REPORT.
The territory of the United States, south of the state of Tennessee, extends in breadth 275 miles from the 31st to the 38th degree of north latitude. From east to west, its greatest length from the river Chattahoochee, to the Mississippi, 380 along the northern boundary of West Florida; the length of its northern boundary, along the state of Tennessee is not precisely ascertained, but it is believed that the average length of the whole may, without material error, be estimated at 300 miles, and the contents of the territory at 52,000,000 of acres.
The only portions of that vast extent, to which the Indian title has been extinguished are a tract of about 1 million and a half of acres, extending along the Mississippi from the mouth of the river Yazoo, southwardly to the Spanish line; & another tract at least equal in extent, and extending between the rivers Pascagoula and Mobile or Tombigbee, more than fifty miles north of the line.
The settlements within these two tracts, which are separated from each other, by a wilderness of 120 miles in breadth, form the whole population of the Mississippi territory.
The claims to lands within these boundaries, are derived either from the British government of West Florida, from the Spanish government, from occupancy and settlement, or from the state of Georgia.
The British governors of West Florida, after the boundaries of that province had been extended as far north as the parallel of latitude which crosses the Mississippi, at the mouth of the river Yazoo, granted lands south of that parallel, until the year 1781, when the province was conquered by Spain.
A great portion of lands granted in that manner has since been re-granted by the Spanish government; several tracts have continued in the occupancy of the original grantees, or their representatives and several remain unoccupied, or are inhabited by persons who have no other claim but that of possession.
The grants of the Spanish government appear to have been confined to persons actually residing on the lands; but they were made indiscriminately on every unoccupied tract, whether the same had been previously granted by the British government or not; nor did they discontinue making concessions even after Spain had by the treaty of Oct. 1795, recognized the right of the U.S. to the whole territory north of the 31st degree of north latitude.
Until the evacuation, which was delayed for near two years, had taken place, grants were issued, sometimes bearing their real date, and sometimes, as is alleged, antedated.
On the 7th February, 1785, the state of Georgia passed an act for the purpose of laying out that tract of country extending along the Mississippi from the 31st degree of north latitude to the mouth of the river Yazoo, to which the Indian title had been extinguished, into a country by the name of Bourbon, and declared that whenever the land office should be opened, there should be a right of preference reserved to the possessors of lands within that district, provided they actually lived on and cultivated the said lands. That act was repealed on the first day of Feb. 1788.
By the articles of agreement and cession, between the United States and Georgia, it is provided, that the persons who on the 27th of Oct. 1786, (being the date of the treaty with Spain) were actual settlers within that territory, shall be confirmed in all the grants legally and fully executed, prior to that day, by the former British government of West Florida, or by the government of Spain, and in all the claims which may be derived from any actual survey, or settlement made under the act of Georgia, commonly called the Bourbon act.
The persons in whose favor that clause was inserted, were at the request of the commissioners, invited by the governor of the Mississippi territory, to exhibit their claims. This has been partially done in that part of the territory which lies contiguous to the Mississippi; claims, amounting to about 240,000 acres, and said to be derived from British and Spanish patents, have been transmitted. A few applications have also been filed for lands claimed under the Bourbon act; most of which however, are from tracts improved after the act had been repealed. Including even these, the governor is of opinion, that there cannot be in the whole more than 350,000 acres, on the Mississippi, covered by claims confirmed by the articles of agreement. From that part of the territory which lies on the Mobile, no returns have been received.
The claims derived from the British and Spanish governments, or from occupancy, and not recognized by the agreement with Georgia, are:
1st. British grants held by persons who were not resident of the territory, on the 27th October, 1786, and have not improved their lands. The West Florida patents were with but few exceptions accompanied with a clause of forfeiture, unless the lands should be improved within ten years; and the Spanish government seem to have considered all the unimproved lands as forfeited. It is, however, alleged on the part of the grantees, that although a condition of settlement was commonly annexed to the grants in the British provinces, under the royal governments, with a penalty of forfeiture in case of default; this has never been enforced, either by the British government, or after the revolution of the states; and that the Indians at first, and the Spanish conquest afterwards, rendered in this case, a fulfilment of the condition impossible.
Where the land has been re-granted by Spain, the duties must be left to a judicial decision; but where it remains unclaimed by any other person, the commissioners are of opinion, that it would be improper for the United States to grant it again, until the amount and nature of the grants shall have been fully ascertained.
2d. British and Spanish incomplete grants. As lands were granted under both governments upon the petition of a party, and as the first evidence of title was a warrant or order of survey, directed to the surveyor of the district, it has happened in many instances, that the Spanish conquest in 1781, and the treaty with Spain in 1785, found persons who had only a survey executed or perhaps an order of survey, and who could not, on account of the change of government, complete their titles.
This circumstance is stated both in the petition of the settlers on Mobile, which has been referred by the board of representatives to the commissioners, and in the letter of the gov. to
the Mississippi territory, hereunto annexed (A) as more particularly involving all lands under Spanish titles; it having been customary, until the American settlers of Natchez requested patents, to consider a Spanish order of survey, when executed and returned, as a sufficient title: whilst on the other hand few settlers are obliged to claim under incomplete British titles, as they generally applied, in lieu of them, for Spanish grants, and now claim under these.
3d. Settlements without any evidence of title. It is stated by the governor of the territory, that 180 heads of families had, prior to Oct. 1795, formed settlements without any other title, but what might be derived from the Bourbon act; and that 700 more have settled in the country, since that time, who either have no title whatever, or rest their claims on Spanish orders of survey, and grants issued after the date of the treaty. It is apprehended, that very few of the claimants of the first description, will be found to come strictly within the terms of the Bourbon act. Some there is laid by those of the last description, who emigrated to that country before the Spanish posts had been evacuated, on their ignorance at first of the treaty, and on the subsequent acquiescence of the American government, in the continued possession by the Spanish government.
To those three several classes of claims, may be added, that the persons principally from Connecticut, styling themselves a company of military adventurers, who under a mistaken expectation of obtaining a large grant from the British crown, sent agents, in 1773, to West Florida for the purpose of exploring the country. The governor of that province promised to grant lands to such as should become settlers, on as advantageous terms as he was authorized to do, and to reserve till next spring, for that purpose, nineteen townships which had been selected and surveyed by the agents. A number of emigrants from Connecticut, accordingly removed to the Mississippi, in 1774; the war prevented the progress of the settlements; and 140 of the settlers left the country in 1781, when the Spanish conquest took place, and traversing the Choctaw and Creek country, reached the inhabited parts of Georgia. The claim which is now set up in the name of the company, for the nineteen townships, has no foundation; such of the settlers as had obtained grants, or have continued on the lands, will be embraced by the provisions, made for other claimants of a similar description: it will remain for Congress to decide, whether any special provision should be made for those who abandoned the lands in the manner above stated.
It would require a more correct information than has been obtained by the commissioners, to enable them to offer a plan, perfectly satisfactory to themselves, on the subject of those various and clashing claims. The following outlines, are with diffidence submitted to the consideration of Congress.
1st. That persons, who are resident in the territory, on the 27th day of October, 1785, be confirmed in their claims, to those tracts of lands, then actually cultivated and inhabited, for which they had received orders of survey, dated before that day, either from the British or Spanish governments, in the same manner as if their titles had been completed; provided that no such incomplete title shall be ratified, unless the person, in whose favor such order had issued, was of full age at the time of its date.
2d. That every head of family, (including single persons of 21 years of age, and above, who did not reside with their parents) who were resident in the territory on the day of 1797, when the Spanish garrisons were evacuated; who claim no land in the territory, under British or Spanish grants, and who did, on that day, occupy and cultivate a tract of land not otherwise claimed, shall be confirmed in the possession of such tract, not exceeding 640 acres.
3d. That every head of family, who had resided in the territory on the day of 1803, when the articles of agreement with Georgia, were ratified by that state, and who did on that day occupy and cultivate a tract of land not otherwise claimed, shall have a right to pre-emption to such tract, not exceeding 640 acres.
4th. That commissioners be appointed, with a fixed salary, and without fees; who shall immediately proceed to the settlements on the Mississippi, and on the Mobile, with power to receive, examine and decide on all claims embraced by the articles of agreement with Georgia, and by the preceding provisions, and to issue certificates stating, as the case may be, that the party is entitled to the land or to a right of pre-emption to the same; but no patents shall issue until after the lands shall have been surveyed, and the interferences arising from clashing claims, ascertained; nor shall any other evidence of title, but the commissioners' certificate, issue in case where the land is claimed by either a British or a Spanish title, fully and completely executed.
5th. That all claims derived from the agreement with Georgia, from British or Spanish grants, or from occupancy, which shall not be filed with the commissioners within a twelve-month, shall forever after be barred.
6th. That the commissioners shall make a report to congress, of the British grants filed with them, on which no improvement has been made by or for the grantees, and which are not claimed under subsequent Spanish grants.
7th. That so much of the five millions of acres reserved for that purpose by the agreement with Georgia, as may be necessary to satisfy the claims not confirmed by that said agreement, & which are embraced by the preceding provisions, and all those which may be derived from British grants, be appropriated for that purpose.
The last class of claims, consists of those which are derived or pretended to be derived from Georgia. On the 21st December, 1789, the legislature of that state passed an act, entitled, "An act for disposing of certain vacant lands or territory within that state;"—by which it is enacted, that two tracts of land comprehending, together, the whole tract of country lying between the Mississippi and Tombigbee, & extending from the parallel which crosses the Mississippi at the mouth of Cole's Creek (about 31° 45') to the northern boundary of the state, together with a third tract lying on the Tennessee river, shall for two years from and after the passing of that act be respectively reserved as a pre-emption for three companies, called the South Carolina Yazoo, the Virginia Yazoo, and the Tennessee company; and that the governor shall issue grants for the said tracts, to the said companies, if they shall, within the term of two years, pay into the public treasury of the state, the following sums:—that is to say, the South Carolina Yazoo company, the amount of 66,964 dollars—the Virginia Yazoo company, the amount of 93,741 dollars, and the Tennessee company, the amount of 46,875 dollars.
An inconsiderable sum was paid in the paper medium of the state, by the two first mentioned companies, and they did within the two years, tender in payment to the treasurer of the state, the whole amount of the purchase money, in evidences of the public debt of the state. The payment was refused on the part of Georgia.
The money which had been deposited by the
Virginia Yazoo company was withdrawn, but the South Carolina company instituted, before the supreme court of the United States, a suit against the state, which was terminated by the amendment to the constitution, relative to the jurisdiction of states.
Both companies now claim at least an indemnification on account of the expenses and damages incurred by reason of what they consider a violation of contract on the part of Georgia. There is nothing on the face of the act, justifying the construction contended for by the claimants; and it is by collateral evidence only that they attempt to prove that it was the intention of the legislature, when the law was passed, that the payment should be made in evidences of the public debt of the state. In support of that construction, they bring their own petitions to the legislature, applying for the land, which petitions are referred to in the preamble of the act, and the protest of the minority, in the legislature, who voted against the law, principally, as they alleged, because the payments were to be made in depreciated certificates.
Upon a full view of the subject, the commissioners do not perceive that those companies have any equitable claim either for the land, or for compensation from the United States.
On the 7th day of January, 1795, the state of Georgia passed an act, hereunto annexed, authorizing the sale of four tracts of land therein described, and comprehending the greater part of the country lying west of the river Alabama, to four companies, called the Georgia, the Georgia Mississippi, the Upper Mississippi, and the Tennessee companies, for which they were to pay five hundred thousand dollars.
To the Georgia Mississippi company was assigned all that tract lying between the Mississippi and Tombigbee rivers, and bounded by the parallels of latitude, 31 18 and 33 40; for which they were to pay 155,000 dollars.
The tract designated for the Georgia company was bounded on the north by the 34th degree of latitude, on the east by the Alabama river, on the west or south by the Mobile or Tombigbee, from the Spanish line to the north east corner of the lands assigned to the Georgia Mississippi company, by the north boundary of the said lands, and by the Mississippi; for which they were to pay 250,000 dollars.
The Tennessee company were to pay 60,000 dollars, for a tract lying between the northern boundary of the state, and the parallel of latitude passing by the head spring of Bear creek, and on the east by a meridian crossing the last mentioned parallel, one hundred and twenty miles east from the source of Bear creek.
And the Upper Mississippi company were in consideration of 55,000 dollars, to receive a tract of 25 miles in breadth, adjoining the northern boundary of the state, and extending from the Mississippi to Tennessee and Bear creeks, its boundaries on the east.
Two millions of acres were reserved out of these several tracts, for the use of such citizens of Georgia, as chose to subscribe to the original terms of the purchase: the monies paid by those citizens to the state, being considered as part of the purchase money of the companies, in whose territory they subscribed: the quantities thus reserved out of each tract, being one million of acres in the Georgia company; 620,000 acres in the Georgia Mississippi company; 242,000 acres in the Tennessee company; and 153,000 acres in the Upper Mississippi company. The price paid by the citizens who did subscribe, was two cents and one third per acre, it being the price then supposed to be paid by the companies; which (500,000 dollars being the purchase money,) give about 21,500,000 acres for the estimated quantity of land in the four tracts. It was further declared by the act, that the lands lying westward of the eastward boundary of the several companies purchase, were estimated at one third of the land within the purchase; and were supposed to contain 7,250,000 acres, which would give 21,750,000 acres, for the quantity intended to be sold. The land contained within those purchases, amounts, however, to near 35 millions of acres; and the present claimants estimate the quantity at near 40 millions of acres.
(To be continued.)
BROKER'S OFFICE.
THE Subscriber has opened a Broker's Office, opposite the Union Tavern, and over the Counting-house of Thomas and Amos Ladd. All business confided to him, will be transacted with fair fidelity.
October 3. THOMAS NORVELL.
FALL GOODS.
WILLIAM TEMPLE has received by the ship Edward and Charles, from London, AN EXTENSIVE ASSORTMENT OF GOODS, suitable to the approaching season. He expects an ADDITIONAL SUPPLY, to complete his assortment, by the ship Sally from London, and Latona from Liverpool; which he will dispose of on his usual low terms.
Sept. 8. epf
ENOCH SULLIVAN,
JEWELLER & HAIR-WORKER,
(First door below the Eagle Tavern.)
BEGS leave to inform the public that he has for
Sale, A FASHIONABLE ASSORTMENT OF
JEWELRY & SILVER WARE;
Also, A HANDSOME SUPPLY OF
LADIES ELEGANT COMBS, POCKET BOOKS, &c.
Dec. 8. epf
BURR MILL STONES, OF ALL SIZES; and
PLAISTER OF PARIS, of an excellent quality,
FOR SALE, AS USUAL, BY
WILLIAM DAVIDSON.
near the Market.
Dec. 4. [epf]
W. COWAN,
WATCH AND CLOCK MAKER, one door below the Eagle Tavern—repairs Watches and Clocks of every description, at the shortest notice.
W. C. returns his grateful acknowledgements to his friends and customers, and hopes to merit a continuance of their favours.
N. B. He has on hand a few good Watches, with a variety of Chains, Seals, Keys, &c. Which he will dispose of low for cash.
December 4. [epf]
EDUCATION.
WOOD has opened, at his room, formerly the school room of Mr. Harris, opposite to Mr. Copland's, AN EVENING CLASS, from the hours of seven to nine, for the arts of Drawing and Painting, and the several branches of the Mathematics, including the higher parts of Arithmetic, Geography, Astronomy and Surveying.
Evenings of tuition Tuesday, Thursday and Friday. The Students who attend are at liberty to devote the whole of the two hours to either of the above arts and sciences, or to apply both to Drawing and Mathematics, the latter being taught by lecture.
Terms Two Dollars and one half per month, paid at entrance. Nov. 21. [epf]
BILLS OF LADING, SHERIFFS' BLANKS, BLANK BONDS, &c. &c. FOR SALE AT THIS OFFICE.
NOTICE.
ALL persons indebted to the late firm of BUCHANAN, DUNLOP & CO. of Petersburg, ROBERT POLLOK & CO. of Richmond, and DUNLOP, POLLOK & CO. of Manchester, are hereby notified, that James Dunlop, late a partner in the above concern, has become purchaser of the outstanding debts; they will therefore be pleased to make payment to Mr. John Tompkins residing in Richmond, or the subscriber residing in Petersburg, who alone are authorized to make collections and grant discharges.—Suits will be indiscriminately commenced against all who do not make payment before the first of February next.
JOHN DUNLOP, Attorney
For JAMES DUNLOP.
Petersburg, Nov. 15, 1804. epf
J. TOMPKINS
RESPECTFULLY informs those concerned, that he has removed the books and papers of the late concern of Robert Pollok & Co. and Dunlop, Pollok & Co. to a new Brick House near the Basin, and directly opposite to the Scale-House. Where he has for sale, a few pipes of OLD COGNAC BRANDY, of superior quality. December 11.
FOR SALE—at Rocketts.
THE LOT, and two story BRICK HOUSE, containing three tenements, which the subscriber purchased at the sale of George Nicholson, deceased. The lot is well situated for a warehouse, and the brick building for a bake-house, lumber-house, or Tobacco Factory. November 14. JOHN ELLIS. tf
DATES'S ALMANAC—FOR 1805—Published by Messrs. Davis & Courtney, may be had at the Office of the Enquirer. September 19. epf
SADDLERY.
JOHN MENERY, SADDLER, respectfully informs the public in general, and his friends in particular, that he has just received an elegant and well chosen assortment of Saddlery, Coach and Harness Mountings, Whips, Spurs, &c. &c. &c. laid in under his own inspection, whereby he is enabled to offer them on the most reduced terms. November 21.
T. SULLY,
Portrait and Miniature Painter.
SPECIMENS of his work may be seen at his rooms above Dunsmure & Turner's Grocery, Main-Street, Richmond. December 4. (epf)
Redd Linen and Padeira Wine.
JOHN HENRY has imported in the ship LATONA, captain Thurston, from Liverpool, a few small boxes of well assorted 4-thick IRISH LINEN, purchased in Dublin in July; which, with fine old London particular MADEIRA WINE, in pipes and half pipes, he offers for sale on moderate terms. Nov. 7. epf
WASHINGTON TAVERN.
THE subscriber has taken a lease of this tenement for a number of years, and has put it in a state of repair which renders it not inferior to any in this City. Besides the Tavern he has detached buildings, well calculated to accommodate those who are anxious of greater privacy than a tavern usually affords. These tenements adjoin the public square, and are within two hundred yards of the Capitol. They have decided advantages over any other houses in this City, with respect to pure air and excellent water. He has good STABLES and a constant supply of the best FORAGE. He tenders his services to his friends and the public, and assures them, that no unlawful gaming, nor any other practice which might, in any degree, have a tendency to disturb the peace of his house, will ever be permitted. EDWARD HALLAM. Richmond, September 26.
LAND FOR SALE.
THE SUBSCRIBER offers for sale a tract of Land, containing six hundred and thirty acres, lying on Black Water, in Mathews county, adjoining Mr. John Peyton's, Philip Tabb's and Hunley Gayles's lands, well known by the name of the Battery Tract. The fertility of soil is equal, if not superior, to any land in the county. The situation is remarkably pleasant and healthy; the land is well watered and heavily timbered. On it there are three tenements; the houses are tolerably comfortable, and the fences generally good; at one of those places there is a very good Peach and Apple Orchard, and the Battery itself is a most capital Randle for a store and tavern, being halfway between Gloucester and Mathews courthouses, and the inhabitants generally wealthy and punctilious in their dealings. The whole of the land being immediately on the river, where the best fish and oysters are caught, renders it a most desirable situation. Any person inclined to purchase will be shown the premises, and terms made known, on application to Capt. James Gibson, at the Battery, or GEORGE E. DUDLEY. Mathews County, December 6. ep2w
TO RENT—For the ensuing year,
THE WHITE HOUSE at Hanover Courthouse, together with the lots adjoining thereto, that are not attached to the Tavern. The house is a very commodious one with all the necessary offices.
Also, for rent, a field containing about an hundred acres adjoining the premises, well calculated for the cultivation of corn. The above property will be rented separately or together, as may best suit those wishing to rent. Terms will be made known by the subscriber living at the Courthouse. BARBARY O. THILMAN. Dec. 1.
NOTICE.
THE office of Supervisor of the Revenue for the District of Virginia being discontinued, and the unexpired business of the said Office transferred to me; the Collectors of the Direct Tax and Internal Revenue, whose accounts have not been finally adjusted and paid, are hereby informed, that they are now requested to call at my office, in the city of Richmond, without delay, and pay the balances due to the United States.—And those whose lands have been sold in the district of Virginia by authority of an act of Congress of the United States for non-payment of the Direct Tax, may redeem such lands, by paying to me within the time limited, the principal costs and fees as the law directs.
As most of the abovenamed lands were sold in Dec. 1802, the privilege of redemption will continue until December next.
The money received by me for the redemption of the said lands, will be returned to the purchaser, with interest at the rate of 25 per cent per annum on the purchase money, to the day on which it may be paid to me. JOSEPH SCOTT. Marshal V.D. July 7. ep—tf
MISS ROBBINS,
AFTER making her sincere acknowledgements to her friends and the public, for that portion of patronage which she has experienced, wishes to inform her patrons, that she has removed her School to a house nearly opposite to Mr. Copland's on Shockoe Hill where she can accommodate a dozen young Ladies as Boarders. Nov. 5. e52m
LANDS FOR SALE,
In the Genesee Country, state of New York.
THE Subscriber having charge of part of the valuable lands in the Genesee country, lately rendered the agency of Charles Williamson, esq., now offers them for sale on moderate terms either to actual settlers, or to those who declining to settle on the land themselves, are desirous of investing their monies for the future benefit of their families. The titles of these lands are indisputable.
For terms apply to Mr. John Hessel, at the proprietor's land office at Geneva, in the county of Ontario, in the state of New York, or to Mr. Saml. S. Haight at Bath, in the county of Steubens; or to Mr. Frederick Fanning, at Preston, in the state of Connecticut.—or to
ROBERT TROUP.
New York, June 5, 1804. eWgan
DOCTOR WILSON received yesterday a supply of Peruvian Bark, Castor Oil and Jalap, all of the best quality. He also has Calomel, Rheubarb, Senna, Manna, Rockelle and Glauber Salts, Tartar Emetic, Ipecacuanha Opium, Elastic and Silver Carburets, Elastic and common Bougies, &c. &c. &c.
He designs to keep a supply of the best Medicine that can be procured, and flatters himself that his acquaintance with Medicine, will entitle him to a share of public patronage.
Persons of needy circumstances by paying the retail prices of his Medicines, will be preferred for gratis. October 31. eWtf
BY SUBSCRIPTION.
Forty Subscribers at 10 dollars each.—Terms made known and subscriptions received by Ritchie & Worsley—for
TUNSTALL'S
PATENT THRESHING MACHINE.
THE advantages to be gained by farmers, by applying some effectual parts to Threshing Machines, which have greater velocity, adequate strength, and greater cheapness than hitherto, and applicable to any machinery, are universally allowed to be very great. WILLIAM TUNSTALL, has obtained a Patent for such improvements; and wishes to benefit the public on the most reasonable terms. Difficulties and individuals may be now accommodated with Machines and patent rights, by applying in person or by letter (post paid) to the patentee, William Tunstall, at the Swan Tavern, Richmond.
These Machines will hull Clover and thresh Rice Buck Wheat &c. preferred free from grit.—Counterfeits will be dealt with as the law directs. July 18. eW—tf
VIRGINIA:
At a Superior Court of Chancery, held at the Capitol in the city of Richmond, October 6th, 1804—Between
James Anderson, and Philip Thurman, merchants and partners, under the firm of James Anderson and Co. } Plaintiffs.
And Bernard Markham, and Francis Osborne, executors of George Markham, deceased. } Defendants.
THE defendant, Bernard Markham, upon whom an attachment for his contempt in not answering the bill of the plaintiff hath been returned executed, till failing to answer the same, the court this 6th day of October, in the year 1804, upon the motion of the plaintiffs by their counsel, doth take their bill for confessed, as to that defendant, and will proceed at a future day to decree the matter thereof, unless the said defendant, on or before the tenth day of the term next after he shall have been served with a copy of this order, show cause to the contrary.
A Copy, Teste, P. TINSLEY, C. C. November 8. W2m
VIRGINIA:
At a Superior Court of Chancery, held in Richmond, September 28th, 1804—Between
Charles Yancey, and William Lipscomb, David Bullock, executors of John Bullock, Nelson Crawford, William Crawford, John Crawford and Charles Crawford, } Plaintiffs.
And William Lipscomb and Robert Kimbrough, not having entered their appearance and given security according to the act of Assembly, and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court that they are not inhabitants of this country, on the motion of the plaintiff, by his counsel, it is Ordered—That the said defendants appear here on the first day of the next term, and answer the bill of the plaintiff, and that a copy of