The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1805-10-01 00:00:00

Richmond Prices Current.
Table with 4 columns: Item, D., C., D. C. Rows include TOBACCO, FLOUR, INDIAN CORN, WHEAT NEW, WHISKEY, BACON, HEMP, BAR IRON.
Sales at Auction.
Will be sold on Tuesday the 15th of October next, positively without reserve and on a credit of 120 days, for negotiable notes, on all sums exceeding 100 dollars. A large assortment of GOODS, consisting of Calico and Chintz, Suprine cloths and Cambrics, Fine and coarse do. Dutch Blankets, Men and Women's cotton Stockings, Men's white and brown thread Stockings, 4-4, 8-8 and 6-4 plain cambric mullins, 6-4 figured and laced do. Irish Linens and Sheerings, Brown Hollands, thread and tape, Marabou Dinetty, Tufan, Durants, Moreens, Bombazets, Wildovers, Men's fine and coarse hats, Men's fine and coarse shoes, A very large and general assortment of Ironmongery and Hardware, Three cases of single and double barrel fowling pieces, 100 and 20 Nails, &c. &c. &c. THOMAS TAYLOR & Co. v. m's. Sept. 27.
WEST-POINT is still For Sale.
THE subscriber is authorised to sell the said well known Tract of Land, either altogether, or in Lots of three hundred acres or upwards, to such purchasers, on the following terms, to wit: one fourth of the purchase money to be paid down, the other three fourths in equal annual instalments, to carry interest from the time of sale, and to be secured by bond and mortgage on the land. It is deemed unnecessary to describe particularly a tract of land so remarkable for its fertility and the natural advantages of its situation. Any communication directed to the subscriber at Shirley, in the county of Charles City, by post, to Granville Mills, will be duly attended to. PATRICK HENDREN, Agent for Wm. Fitzhugh of Alexandria, & Charles Carter of Shirley. Sept. 24.
THE subscribers respectfully inform their friends and the public, that they have commenced business in the house lately occupied by Mr. John Ayers, saddler, next door to Dr. Ternan's, and nearly opposite to Mr. Wm. Galt's Store—under the firm of
FITZWHYLSONN & POTTER, BOOK-BINDERS AND STATIONERS. They have on hand, an assortment of Stationery of excellent quality, to which additions are daily expected. Orders from the town or country immediately attended to, and every article rendered by them warranted, as to the quality of the materials, and the fidelity of the workmanship. Wm. H. FITZWHYLSONN, WALTER POTTER. Richmond, Sept. 24, 1805. ep8w
ELLIS & ALLAN
HAVE just received—88 bags COFFEE, 2 pipes OLD BRAZIL WINE of very superior quality, and 1 pipe COGNAC BRANDY, which they will sell low for cash or on a short credit. Sept. 17. ep3w
MILITARY CERTIFICATES.
FOR SALE, Certificates of this State, bearing interest of 6 per cent. and receivable at the Treasury, for all arrears of taxes, prior to the year 1798. WILLIAM PRICE, Cashr. Genl. M. A. S. May 10. tf.
RUNAWAY NEGRO.
FIFTY DOLLARS REWARD, if taken within fifty miles of Richmond, and one hundred Dollars if taken beyond it, will be given to apprehend a negro man named LEWIS, about thirty years of age, who left night runaway from the subscribers. He is very stout made, and about 5 feet 10, or 5 feet 11 inches high; has a masculine countenance—had on when he went away, a Ruffia Drill Drab Coat and Pantaloons; but has a variety of other clothing—He was formerly the property of Mr. Edward Hallam of Hanover Town, where perhaps he may be gone—all masters of vessels are forewarned from harbouring or carrying him away, under the penalty of the law. GILLIAT & KIRBY. September 6. tf.
NOTICE.
THE subscribers, being dissatisfied of closing their administration on the estate of William Wistham, deceased, call upon all those who have claims against him, to make them known unto the second Monday in November next, when they intend to render an account of their administration to the court of hustings, for the city of Richmond: after which no claim not previously given in, will be attended to, but this notice will be plead in bar thereof. All persons indebted to the deceased, are desired to make immediate payment, as no indulgences can be given. EDWARD CARRINGTON, J. A. CHEVALIER. September 13. (F.F.)
RACING.
THE New-Market Fall Meeting will commence, agreeably to a resolution of the Jockey Club, on the 4th Tuesday in October, being the 22d of the month, and continue 5 days, viz. 1st. A Post Sweepstakes for four years old colts and fillies, three mile heats, carrying 100 lbs. on each, the latter allowed 2 lbs. entrance 200 dollars, play or pay—This race is established by four having subscribed. 2d. The Jockey Club Purse of 450 dollars, four mile heats, agreeable to the rules of the course. 3d. The Proprietor's Purse of 225 dollars, three mile heats, agreeable to the same rules. 4th. A Post Sweepstakes for three years old colts and fillies, two mile heats, carrying 80 lbs. on each, the latter allowed 2 lbs. entrance 200 dollars, play or pay—These stakes are also established, four having entered. 5th. A Handicap Purse of 200 dollars, entrance 50 dollars, 2 mile heats, agreeable to general rules of handycapping. The above Sweepstakes to close the 25th of September. N. B. Every dollar of each day's race the proprietor pledges himself to be hung up at the starting post; to remunerate himself for which, and his having the course in the best order it ever was in, toll will be collected at the gates each day, viz. 4 wheel carriages, 6s 8 ditto 3s Man and horse, 3s Foot company, 1s6 Excellent stabling and litter furnished race horses raris; and the very best accommodation for gentlemen, their servants and horses. RICHARD BATE, Treasurer and Proprietor. New-Market, Sept. 13. ep6w
TO BE SOLD.
On liberal credit, and in lots to suit purchasers, FROM two hundred and fifty to three hundred acres of LAND, in the county of Henrico, about four miles from Richmond—a distance which renders it but little liable to pillage, yet sufficiently near to one of the best and most improving markets in the United States. The advantages of small farms near large towns, are so obvious and generally admitted, as not to require particular enumeration. Persons residing in the city with large families, and who are obliged to keep horses, would be able in one year to save more than the original purchase. For further particulars enquire of Mr. Thomas Norvell. May 14. [sadsf.]
FOR SALE.
A TRACT OF LAND in Surry county, containing about 1600 acres, within 3 miles of James river, and a mile and a half of a navigable part of Gray's creek. There is land cleared in different parts of the tract, to work six or eight hands in three distinct fields; and the improvements are sufficient for the accommodation of a genteel family, with every necessary house for farming—This tract will either be divided into three parts, and may have a sufficient proportion of very rich low ground, to such; but would be more valuable to a single purchaser, as it abounds with timber, both of white and red oak, (fit for staves) pine, poplar and ash; and there is a very advantageous site for a grist and saw mill, nearly in the centre of the tract—it is unnecessary to say more, than that it is a beautiful, airy situation, and abounds in good springs; has an ample orchard now in possession, of 800 grafted fruit of the most choice kind. The quality of the lands, will be best judged of by those who are desirous of purchasing, and will take the trouble of viewing the premises—part of the purchase money being paid down, the balance may be paid in two, three or four annual payments—giving approved security. For terms apply to RICHARD COOKE. Isle of Wight, near Smithfield, } F 7w. September 13.
FOR SALE.
With to lease for a term of years my HOUSE on the hill between Col: Gamble's and Belvidere. As it was designed for my own residence no expense has been spared to afford every convenience for the elegant accommodation of a small family. A square of four half acre lots under an excellent enclosure, is annexed to the house, and the benefit of luxurious and extensive pasturage for a few horses and cows will be granted by Col: Harvie. It is intended to erect a bridge over the canal near Mr. Rutherford's mills, by which the distance to the lower part of the town will be rendered more convenient than from the greater part of the houses on Shockoe-hill. To a genteel family, who will take proper care of the buildings and enclosures, I will let it upon very moderate terms. JOHN BROCKENDROUGH. September 10. (vif.)
MARSHAL'S SALE.
By virtue of a decree of the Court of the United States for the Fifth Circuit in the Virginia District, pronounced in May last between John Somerville plaintiff, and David Rofs defendant: WILL BE SOLD, on Tuesday the 15th day of October next, to the highest bidder for ready money; so much of the Tract of Land in Chesterfield county, commonly called the Falls Plantation, as will be sufficient to raise the sum of two thousand one hundred and twenty one dollars and 37 cents, and the costs of suit and of sale. The point at which the purchaser is to begin his survey and the direction in which he is to run his lines, will be designated on the day of sale, which sale will be had on the premises. JOSEPH SCOTT, Marshal V. D. Sept. 20, 1805. ep4w
TO RENT.
A Very large and excellent CELLAR, under the Mason's Hall—for terms, apply to Jacob I. Cohen, or Solomon Jacobs. September 20. ep4w
FOR SALE.
A Likely Young Negro Fellow, who is a very good BRICK MAKER, (a snorter.) Apply at the office of the Enquirer. Sept. 17. tf.
EUROPEAN INTELLIGENCE.
FROM OUR ENGLISH PAPERS, PER SHIP LONDON PACKET, M'DOUGALL.
ITALY.
VENICE, July 10.—Copy of a letter from Mr. Roustagny, commissary of Commercial Relations: M. Proni, Inspector General of roads and bridges, and Cofanzzo, Chief of the battalion of Italian Engineers, have arrived at Venice. They have been summoned before the Police this morning. They have undergone a long examination relative to the objects of their journey; they have declared, that they had no motive but curiosity, they have been sent to the Crown of France (hotel.) A Police officer came there with his assistants, and examined all their papers; he found out four which attracted his attention. "Two of these papers are authorities given to M. Cofanzzo by his chiefs, to accompany M. Proni in the tour which he is commissioned to make on the Po. "A third is a decree of his majesty the Emperor and King, regulating the conveyance of troops from Turin to Ferrara. "The fourth is a note from M. Bonaparte, without any signature, requiring statistical accounts relative to the Po. "After this visit, it was signified to these gentlemen that they were under arrest, and a guard was placed on them—I did not know of their arrest till going to visit them this evening. "Whilst I was with them, and they were telling me of their affair, there came an Aide-de-Camp of the General commandant of the place, who demanded in his name the four papers, which I have just described.
FRANCE.
PARIS, July 18.—Captain Jacobe, Naval Commander at Granville, communicates that the Teazer and Plumper, two British gun-boats, have been captured by seven gun-boats, under the orders of Capt. Collet, and carried into Granville. The British had seventeen wounded, among which was the capt. of the Plumper, who lost an arm, and was also severely wounded in the thigh. Our loss in wounded was five. Capt. Collet received some injury from a splinter. July 19.—Letters from Carthagena and Cadiz, of the 6th and 7th instant, state, that the Spanish squadron, which had been increased to seven sail of the line and three frigates, put to sea at the beginning of the month, probably with the intention of joining the five sail of the line at Cadiz. The great English expedition which remained so long in the Bay of Gibraltar, proceeded up the Mediterranean at the same time, but returned on hearing that the Spanish squadron, was approaching. The Spanish squadron, on the other hand, hearing that there was a British force of eleven sail of the line between Gibraltar and Cadiz returned to Carthagena. It is supposed that on the first favourable opportunity it will put to sea for the fourth time, reinforced by two more sail of the line, which they were busy in fitting at Carthagena on the 7th instant. July 20.—We read in this day's Moniteur, the following:—"The squadron from Rochefort and L'Orient, prove the inefficacy of the blocking system. They have put to sea with a fair wind; they had excellent troops on board. The Rochefort squadron was out of sight 12 hours after leaving the port." By an Imperial decree, the Napoleon code of laws was to be published in the territory of the cisdavant republic of Liguria, and to commence its operation on the 1st Vendemaire. The Journal du Commerce, in a letter, dated Vienna, July 5, says—"A re-organization of the army took place on the 1st inst. and a new mode of exercise and manœuvring introduced. Each regiment for the future, is to be composed of five battalions, one of which is to be grenadiers; each battalion to consist of four companies, and each company to be composed of two sergeants, 12 corporals, and 160 privates, which will make the strength of each regiment amount to 3480 men. There are to be five Majors, 13 Captains, and five Capt. Lieutenants, to each regiment. "Accounts from Vienna, dated July 5, state, that Lieutenant General Mack is to be employed in the newly-acquired Venetian territory, & that his situation of Quarter Master General,
DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE.
FROM THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER
Proceedings of a Court of Enquiry, on the conduct of Captain WILLIAM BAINBRIDGE, in the loss of the late United States' frigate Philadelphia. U.S. ship CONSTITUTION, Syracuse, 29th June, 1805. SIR, I AM authorised by the honourable the Secretary of the Navy, to direct that on board the U. States frigate President, under your command, you commence a court of enquiry on captain William Bainbridge, late commander of the U. States frigate Philadelphia, for the loss of said frigate, and that you report to me in proper form the whole extent of the enquiry on said court, with its decided opinion thereon, in order that I may transmit the same to the Navy Department of the United States. The court of enquiry will consist of three members, yourself and captains Hugh G. Campbell and Stephen Decatur, jun. I have the honour to be, SIR, Your ob't. humble servant, JNO. RODGERS. Capt. JAMES BARRON, commanding the U. S. frigate President. IN conformity to the foregoing order, the court convened on board the U. States frigate President at anchor in the harbour of Syracuse, at ten o'clock, A.M. June 29, 1805, present the President and members of the court, and William Eaton, Esq. acting Judge Advocate, and being opened according to law, Capt. Bainbridge was notified that they were ready to proceed to business: he attended and the court entered upon the enquiry by examination of witnesses. Lieut. David Porter, of the late frigate Philadelphia, Lieut. Jacob Jones, Lieut. Theodore Hunt, Lieut. Benjamin Smith; Mr. William Knight, sailing master, Lieut. William Osborne, of the marine corps, Mr. Keith Spence, purser, Daniel J. Patterson, Benjamin F. Read and James Gibbons, masters' mates, midshipmen James Biddle, Jas. Henshaw and Anderson; Rich. Stephenson, gunner, Gen. Hodge, botswain, and William Godby, carpenter, all of the said frigate, were sworn and improved as witnesses. Lieut. David Porter testified, that on the 31st Oct. 1803, about 8 o'clock in the morning, the ship Philadelphia, then under the command of capt. William Bainbridge, and cruising off the port of Tripoli, the wind from the eastward, and the frigate standing in and along shore, discovered a sail on her weather bow, running to the westward, to which she gave chase. The sail was soon distinguished to be an enemy's corsair standing into the port of Tripoli. The Philadelphia continued the chase until she came into about eight fathom water, keeping up a constant fire on the enemy with her bow guns until it was found impossible to come up with her without danger of approaching too near the shore; consequently she hauled to gain an offing. She had consequently 3 leads going, 1 dipsey and two bind leads; a lieutenant tending the dipsey, and a midshipman or master's mate at each of the land leads. The ship had about eight shots way upon her. This witness was ordered into the mizen top to look into the harbour of Tripoli, and observe if any cruisers were in port. At this instant the water shoaled, and the helm was put down. He had gotten about half way up the mizen rigging when he felt the ship strike. He immediately returned on deck. All falls were instantly set to endeavour to force her over the bank. Finding this did not succeed, Captain Bainbridge asked the witness's opinion what could best be done? Who requested him to consult his officers generally. The lead had been hove under her bows in about twelve feet. The ship lifted at times a part and the helm was then clear. The enemy's gun boats were already seen coming out of port, nine in number, as nearly as the witness recollects. A boat was sent out to sound around the ship, and deep water was found astern. The officers being consulted, were of opinion that endeavours should be used to back the ship off by a press of sail; and, if that should not succeed, to run the guns abaft: both were done, and at the same time the anchors cut from the bows, but to no effect. It was then the opinion that the guns should be hove overboard, referring only enough to resist the gun boats: this was done. In the mean time the enemy passed under the fire of the frigate's stern guns, and took a position on the starboard and weather quarter where no guns could be brought to bear on them by reason of their advantageous position, and the deep heel to port and fixed posture of the ship. Captain Bainbridge now called another council of the officers, who were of opinion that the water should be started in the hold and pumped out, and all the heavy articles hove overboard; if that should not suc-
AUSTRIA.
VIENNA, July 10.—On the evening of the 7th inst. some alarming disturbances took place in the suburb of this city, on account of the dearness of bread. The populace attacked the house of a baker, sold the bread they found in it at the price they thought proper, and would probably have murdered the baker, had he not made his escape with his family. They then proceeded to pull down the house, when a division of the garrison, both infantry and cavalry, was called out against them, whom the mob attacked with stones, and obliged them to fire upon them, by which several persons were killed and wounded. At length tranquillity was for that time restored. On the next day the populace attacked the house of another baker, but were again dispersed by the soldiers. These riots still continued during the night of the 8th and 9th, in different parts of the suburbs; but on the 10th, by the activity of the military, and the exertions of the Magistrates, they were completely quelled.—The soldiers still continue at their posts.

ceed, that, as a last resort to save the ship, the foremast should be cut away: all these were done to no effect. Orders were then given to the carpenter to go down forward and bore holes through the ship's bottom; and to the gunner to drown the magazine by turning the cock and securing the key: the witness heard the gunner report that he had executed this order. Orders were then given to destroy every thing on board which could be rendered useful to the enemy. It had now already been determined that the flag must be struck, as no hopes remained of saving the ship, and no possible means of defending her. The colours were accordingly struck, and the enemy took possession. It was now about sun down, and the ship had grounded about half past eleven in the morning, as nearly as the witness can recollect, during which time she was exposed to the continual fire of the gun boats, but suffered only in her stays and rigging. The ship was lost about three miles and a half from the town of Tripoli, and one and a half from the nearest point of land, which bore south.
Questions by the court. Had you any boats sufficient to carry out an anchor? Ans. It is my opinion we had not; but had this been otherwise, the enemy commanded the ground where it would have been necessary to drop anchors. What water did the ship draw when she went on shore? As nearly as I can recollect she drew about eighteen feet forward and nineteen and a half aft.
Question by the Judge Advocate. During the transactions and disasters of that day, did you notice any thing of remissness or neglect in her commander which could tend to the loss of the Philadelphia.
Ans. I did not: On the contrary, I noticed in Captain Bainbridge great coolness and decision.
Lieutenant Jacob Jones was called into court and examined. He confirmed in every thing the testimony of Lieut. Porter, without variation. Lieut. Theodore Hunt was examined before the court; and varied only in his testimony from the two preceding witnesses in the draft of the Philadelphia's water when she went aground, which he stated to have been eighteen feet six inches forward, and about twenty feet six inches aft, which he had ascertained from observation the day before the misfortune. And also, in answer to the first question by the court to Lieut. Porter, he adds that in the river Delaware he made an experiment in carrying out an anchor in the Philadelphia's launch, when he was obliged to be buoyed by casks.
Lieut. Benjamin Smith, corroborates the testimony of the preceding witnesses without adding any material circumstance.
Mr. William Knight, sailing master, was examined. He confirms the testimony of the witnesses before recorded; and adds that he was positive the ship was pierced forward by the carpenter as ordered, for he heard the water running into the auger holes. When asked why the ship did not fill, he said he expected she would have filled, as he was sure there were sufficient holes bored for the purpose; but he conjectured they must have been stopped in some manner.
Mr. William Osborne, Lieutenant of marines, on examination, confirms the testimony of the preceding witnesses.
Mr. Keith Spence, purser, varies in nothing material from the witnesses gone before him.
Benjamin F. Read, master's mate, states facts as recorded in Lieut. Porter's testimony, and adds, that in order by every means to render the ship useless after it was determined to strike her colours, cannon shot were thrown into the pumps.
James Gibbons, master's mate, says nothing more than what goes in corroboration of the preceding testimony.
Daniel Patterson, master's mate, confirms the foregoing testimony; but adds nothing.
James Biddle, midshipman, states facts as recorded from the testimony of the preceding witnesses.
James Henshaw, midshipman, states facts generally as the preceding witnesses have done: and adds that he was the bearer of Capt. Bainbridge's order to drown the magazine, after he was determined to leave the ship, and knows it was executed.
Richard Stephenson, gunner, testifies that he knew nothing of the transactions on the Philadelphia's deck the day she was lost, being confined to the magazine until he received an order to turn the cock and drown the magazine; which he did and went on deck with the keys in his hand. The ship was then on her beam ends, the water running in at the ports, and such of her guns as were not thrown overboard, rendered totally useless.
George Hodge, boatswain, states facts, so far as they come within his knowledge, in exact conformity to the testimony of Lieutenant Porter; but adds nothing.
William Godby, carpenter, was examined concerning the scuttling of the ship. He testifies, that, when it was determined to abandon the Philadelphia, he received Captain Bainbridge's orders to scuttle her, which he executed by calling to his assistance his two mates, and piercing her bottom with chisels and augers in sufficient places, as he thought to fill her, and then reported to the proper officer: but the Turks, he believes, got on board in season to stop the holes and prevent her filling.
Mr. William Knight was called in and asked by the court if ever he had a chart in his possession which laid down a shoal where the Philadelphia grounded?
Mr. Knight answered—No!
Mr. Patterson, a midshipman, was called into court, and being sworn, testified that he destroyed the numerical signal book of the Philadelphia by Captain Bainbridge's orders before leaving her.
Mr. Anderson was examined concerning the dispositions made of the Philadelphia's signal book, who declared that he saw Captain Bainbridge tear them both up and hand them to some officer to be burned or thrown overboard.
At the opening of the court Captain Bainbridge laid before them the following statement.
GENTLEMEN, Having to account to government for the loss of the United States' frigate Philadelphia, then under my command, it is a consolatory circumstance to see that it is before an inquisitorial, which, by its nautical knowledge, will be fully adequate to form a correct opinion of the affair, and to give that decision on my conduct which both the public and myself must be assured will be just.
In my narrative of this unhappy event, I shall mention my finding the United States' schooner to cruise off Cape Bon, and the causes that led to that circumstance, which increased the misfortune that afterwards befell us, and then detail the incidents that took place on the day of our grounding, from the time of giving chase in the morning till surrendering to the enemy. We left Malta the 26th of October, to repair to our station off Tripoli, and to blockade that
port according to the orders of Commodore Preble. We arrived there on the 7th, and continued to cruise off the town, with the Vixen in company, without meeting any occurrence of consequence till the 19th, when we spoke an Imperial brig, as she came out of the harbor of Tripoli, which informed us that two of the cruisers of that regency were out upon a cruise. In consequence of this information, and thinking it most probable that they were to the westward, I ordered Lieutenant Commandant Smith of the Vixen, to Cape Bon, and cruise there as the most likely place of falling in with them should they be returning from that quarter, and at the same time a safer situation for the schooner than off Tripoli at that season of the year, where the gales blow with great violence on shore, attended with a heavy sea. On the 20th the Vixen accordingly left us. The 23rd of the month we had a very heavy gale from the northward and westward, which drove us several leagues to the eastward of our station. On the 24th of October, being about six leagues to the eastward of Tripoli, at 9 A. M. we saw a sail in there and standing to the westward; we gave chase, and at 11 o'clock came near enough for our shot to reach her, and the soundings not allowing of our running in shore, we continued to chase along the land, hawling on and off shore as we found the soundings from 7 to 9 and 10 fathoms, in expectation of either disabling or driving her on shore, in which case we should have captured or destroyed her. At half past 11, when within a league and a half from Tripoli, seeing no probability of preventing the chase from getting into port, we ceased firing and hawled off shore, then having eight fathoms water. We had not gone more than two cables' length before we suddenly shoaled, and the next moment the ship struck forward, and having eight and a half nots way, shot up as far on the rock as to bring it to the after part of the fore chains, where she stopped. Her stern being at this time clear of the ground, the anchors were cut immediately from the bows (except one) the guns run aft, and all the fails laid abaft, in hopes of pressing her off, as it blew a strong breeze; but the wind being on our starboard beam, and the sea setting with it directly upon the rocks, soon have our stern upon them in 17 feet water, where we lay with our starboard port fills at the water's edge. The Officer who had been sent to sound upon our first grounding, returned with information that there was sufficient water aft and off the larboard quarter, upon which I consulted my officers respecting the most probable means of getting the ship into it—It was the unanimous opinion that the only method in our power was to lighten the ship as much as possible, by starting the water, heaving over board the guns, referring as many only as would be necessary to defend us against the enemy's gun boats which were taking their station on our stern and quarter, and to endeavor to press her off the shoals with the fails abaft. We could not in addition to this avail ourselves of an anchor, as we had no boat capable of carrying one; and if we had had such sufficient for the purpose, it would have been impracticable to have laid it out, as the enemy occupied almost the ground it should have been placed in.
The gun boats having taken a station on our starboard quarter, commenced a firing, directed principally at our masts and rigging, which we returned with 2 guns from our main deck and 3 of our quarter deck carronades, which, from the very great heat the ship had, took no effect. The guns we got our abaft were rendered entirely useless from the same cause, although we cut away the stern as much as could be done to any purpose; for by endeavouring to give them a direction to bear upon the enemy, they could not be run out far enough to avoid getting fire to the ship, which they once did, but it was soon extinguished without difficulty or confusion. After finding it impossible to press the ship off the rocks by lightening her, and seeing every prospect of getting her afloat at an end, I ordered the foremast to be cut away, in order to right her in some degree, if possible, and to render our guns more manageable; but this produced no effect, and seeing the ship immovably grounded on rocks, having but 12 feet water forward and 17 abaft, I conceived any further attempts as evidently useless.
After having tried every expedient that could be thought of to contribute to our relief, and exerting ourselves to the utmost from the time of our grounding until half past four, P. M. in endeavouring to get the ship afloat, and at the same time in resisting the enemy, but finding all hopes of the first vain, and not being able to bring our guns to bear to effect the latter, I called a council of officers to consult them on the subject of a further resistance, or the necessity of surrendering to the enemy. Upon a deliberate consideration of our situation, it was the unanimous opinion that it was impossible to get the ship off, and that all further resistance would be but unnecessarily exposing men, in a situation where neither perseverance nor fortitude would be of any benefit to our country or ourselves; and it was unanimously agreed that the only thing left for us to do was to surrender to the enemy which was accordingly done, after drowning the magazine, and destroying as many articles as possible that might be of use to the enemy.
Having stated to you, Gentlemen, a narrative of facts, which you will find verified by the evidence to be heard, I shall conclude after making one observation.
The usage of nations appears, that where there is no probability of successful defence, and all means of escape have been tried, the flag may be struck without injuring the commander's honor. These tacit but admitted regulations are founded on principles of humanity, and a nice and delicate attention to national and individual honor. If, under such circumstances, a commander's honor be preserved, how free from censure must it appear when placed in a situation without being able in the least to injure the enemy, and no means whatever of extricating himself.
WM. BAINBRIDGE. 29th June, 1805.
The Court having deliberated on the evidence deduced from the testimony of the witnesses, heard in this case are decidedly of opinion that Captain WILLIAM BAINBRIDGE acted with fortitude and conduct in the loss of the ship, the U. S. frigate Philadelphia on the 31st Oct. 1803, and that no degree of censure should attach itself to him from that event.
JAMES BARRON, President, WILLIAM EATON, Acting Judge Advocate.
FROM THE BALTIMORE AMERICAN.
Extract of a letter from the editor's correspondent at Nassau, dated
NASSAU, August 27, 1805. "By the schooner Three Friends, Gardner, for Philadelphia, I embrace the first opportunity of sending you the particulars of the trial of one of your vessels, supposing it highly interesting to you. It is the case of the Sloop Beresford and Mary Kinner , which came on in the admiralty court, the 20th inst. I was present, and was highly pleased with judge Dyer's conduct. He is certainly a man of the strictest honor and integrity; and he may justly be pronounced an honor to himself and his country."
COURT OF VICE ADMIRALTY.
Before his honor Henry Moreton Dyer, esq. sole judge and commissary. August 20, 1805.
Beresford and Mary Kinner , Claudius Boffe, master. This vessel, failing under American colors, on a voyage from Baltimore to New-Orleans, with a cargo of pitch and tar, was captured near the coast of Cuba, by the Mayflower , privateer, George Johnson, commander, and brought into this port. Vessel and cargo were claimed as the property of H. Davis of Baltimore, merchant. The king's advocate, and Mr. Mathews, argued for condemnation, and Mr. Kerr for restitution. Judgment. —This vessel failed from Baltimore with a clearance for New-Orleans, but was captured on the supposition that she was really going to an enemy's port—in which case the noxious nature of the cargo would subject it to the penalty of condemnation. The proofs of property are perfectly full, and the fact of the destination is really the single point of the case. Looking in the first place to the documentary evidence, I find that by the whole of it, whether in the shape of bills of lading, invoices, letters or the manifest, there is made out in the fullest manner, a destination to New-Orleans. I will not here minutely pursue the arguments which were used to prove the contrary, but will content myself with simply saying, that all the ingenuity of the learned advocates, though much exerted, has not succeeded, according to my apprehension, in throwing any discredit upon these papers. This fact of destination so appearing upon the papers, is in the fullest manner verified by the master, and all the other persons examined—and is likewise sworn to in the claim.
Upon the evidence, therefore, furnished by the papers and depositions, there is nothing to affect the case. But a fraudulent destination is attributed from extraneous matter. One material circumstance it must be observed, which usually exists in these cases, where a fraudulent destination is implied; namely, that the vessel is taken in the act of deviation, does not exist in this case—In other cases it frequently happens, that the port of actual destination, requires some change of course for that of avowed destination; and the vessel being found in that altered course, betrays the fraudulent intent—not so in this case or others which may resemble this—for I understand it to be universally admitted, that the course from the American ports on the Atlantic to New-Orleans, in the Gulf of Mexico, necessarily takes a vessel down upon the coast of Cuba, from whence a deviation may be made into any of the ports of that island, without the possibility of hindrance, or of detection in the act of doing so. This opportunity, no doubt, opens a wide door for fraud, and to corrupt human nature, the facility of evasion, will often furnish an incentive to evil. Such frauds may prejudice the rights of a belligerent nation, and may affect the interests of belligerent cruisers—and the knowledge that such opportunities exist, must vigilantly require the vigilance of the court. But beyond judicial enquiry the court cannot go. It would be too much to impute a latent intention of fraud to a person, merely because a fraud is within his reach. While the same course continues common to both voyages, it is impossible for the court to infer that a vessel bound to the remoter port, means to stop at the nearer one in transitu , unless other circumstances exist to show that intention.
This case, I have said, does not furnish such circumstances in itself. But certain papers have been invoked from the case of La Liberte ; a capture made by that vessel privateer, and lately adjudged in this court.
That vessel had carried pitch and tar from the port of New-Orleans, and by a comparison of the papers in that case and the present, it appears that these articles at Baltimore are respectively 75 and 50 per cent. higher in price than at New-Orleans. It is argued from thence that this immense variance of price, and the absolute certainty of loss at the port of avowed delivery, make it wholly incredible that the vessel was really going to that port. It is an inference which is not wholly founded, if must yet be confessed to have considerable weight. I have given it every possible attention, and, in so doing, I have endeavored to turn my mind to every case which could either directly or by analogy, throw light upon the present. But, as the result of all my reflections, I must declare, that I find no authority which warrants me to say, that the destination of a vessel is affected by the single circumstance of her cargo going to a bad market, especially when that destination is so distinctly sworn to, as in the present case. Were there oaths out of the case, it would be but fair to make some allowance for the variations which may take place in the interval between the origin of such a transaction and its consummation. But passing by the positive documents of the case, and following only these arguments of probability, I must observe that the inference of a false destination is strongly negatived here by another circumstance of this case, incidental indeed, but, in this view, even stronger on that account: I allude to the vessel being charged with commissions for the governor and other public officers at New-Orleans—a circumstance which shews that in the estimation of persons of some eminence at the port of clearance, this vessel was really bound to the place of her avowed destination.
Again it has been argued that the nature of the cargo makes it improbable that it was going to New-Orleans—that such cargoes are commonly exported from there, as in the case of La Liberte , but they are never imported there. These points are not in proof before the court; but in reply to the argument, I may observe, that the best authorities on such subjects have conceded much to the varied and multiplied combinations of modern commerce.
It has also been very weightily pressed upon me, that extensive frauds of this nature are in daily practice—that if the court fails to lay its mark upon this case, such frauds will be continued and encouraged—that now is the time to say whether such practices are to stop or to go on.
I am far from maintaining that the court is to shut its eyes, and be insensible to the passing transactions of the world; on the contrary, they must sometimes have a proper influence in guiding its determinations. But I must notice that the vigilance of our cruisers has not hitherto instructed the court, in one single instance, that such frauds are in daily practice; and I am now, sitting here, for the first time informed of its notoriety by the learned advocate.
How the decision of the court on this occasion can have any influence in protecting other instances, such frauds as are said to exist, I cannot conceive; every case must, according to the mild doctrines of our admiralty law, stand upon and be judged by its own merits, and if that doctrine is more particularly applicable to any one class of cases than another, it is to the present. If it is thought that from the decision of this day, an inference can be drawn that the practice of false destinations, & fraudulent deviations is to be encouraged, against that conclusion, I must emphatically enter my protest. There is no more important duty which this court owes to the state, or to its lawfully constituted cruisers, than to declare that the practice of carrying noxious articles to the enemy, under an avowed destination to a neutral port, is, in the highest degree penal; and when cases of that sort are brought to adjudication, the court will not, I repeat, be found backward to apply to them that rule which its solemn duty demands. But, ever maintaining that principle in its fullest extent, I am bound to add, that the evidence now before me, does not constitute a case to which that principle can be applied—that the papers and depositions concur in pointing to a real neutral destination, and consequently that it is a case for restitution. At the same time, I think it was a case with enough of doubt about it, to make it proper that it should be submitted to the decision of the court—that decision has been had with the utmost possible expedition, and I therefore direct that the expenses of it should be borne by the claimants.
FROM THE BALTIMORE AMERICAN.
Mr. P. C. P. C. PLEASE to re-publish the official publication made by the department of state, some time past, that the people of the United States may have an opportunity of conceiving the late decisions of the British courts, with the information given by the British minister to the government of the United States.
A SUBSCRIBER. From Mr. King to Lord Hawkesbury. GREAT CUMBERLAND PLACE, March 13, 1801.
MY LORD, THE decree of the vice admiralty court of Nassau, a copy of which is annexed, condemning the cargo of an American vessel, going from the United States to a port in the Spanish colonies, upon the ground that the articles of innocent merchandise, composing the same, though bona fide neutral property, were of the growth of Spain, having been manufactured, and the principles extended by the prize courts of the British Islands, and particularly by the court of Jamaica, has been deemed sufficient authority to the commanders of the ships of war and privateers cruising in those seas, to fall upon and capture all American vessels bound to an enemy's colony, and having on board any article of the growth or manufacture of a nation at war with Great-Britain. These captures which are vindicated by what is termed the belligerent's right to distress his enemy, by interrupting the supplies which his habits or convenience may require, have produced the strongest and most serious complaints among the American Merchants, who have seen, with indignation, a reason assigned for the capture and confiscation of their property, which is totally disregarded in the open trade carried on between the British and Spanish colonies by British and Spanish subjects, in the very article, the supply of which, by neutral merchants, is usually interrupted.
The law of nations acknowledged in the treaty of amity, commerce and navigation, between the United States and Great-Britain, allows the goods of an enemy, to be lawful prize, and pronounces those of a friend to be free. While the United States take no measures to abridge the rights of G. Britain, as a belligerent, they are bound to resist with firmness, every attempt to extend them, at the expence of the equally incontestible rights of nations, which find their interest and duty in living in peace with the rest of the world. So long as the ancient law of nations is observed, which protects the innocent merchandise of neutrals, while it abandons to the belligerent the goods of his enemy a plain rule exists, and may be appealed to, to decline the rights of peace and war—the belligerent has no better authority to curtail the rights of the neutral than the neutral has to do the like in regard to the rights of the belligerent; and it is only by an adherence to the ancient code, and the rejection of modern glosses, that fixed and precise rules can be found defining the rights and regulating the duties of independent states.
This subject is of such importance, and the essential interests of the United States, whose policy is that of peace, are so deeply affected by the doctrines which, during the present war, have been set up, in order to enlarge the rights of belligerents, at the expence of those of neutrals, that I shall without loss of time, submit to your Lordship's consideration such further reflections respecting the same, as its great importance appears to demand.
In the mean time, as the decisions referred to cannot, from the unavoidable delay which attends the prosecution of appeals, be speedily reversed, and as the effect of those decrees, will continue to be the unjust and ruinous interception of the American commerce in the West-India Seas, it is my duty to require that precise instructions shall, without delay, be dispatched to the proper officers in the West-Indies and Nova-Scotia to correct the abuses which have arisen out of those illegal decrees, and put an end to the depredations which are wasting the lawful commerce of a peaceful and friendly nation. With great consideration and respect, I have the honor to be your lordship's most obedient and most humble servant, (Signed) RUFUS KING. LORD HAWKESBURY. Downing-street, April 11, 1801.
SIR, I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 13th of last month, and to inform you that in consequence of the representation contained in it, a letter has been written by his Majesty's command, by his grace the Duke of Portland, to the lords commissioners of the Admiralty; a copy of which letter I herewith enclose to you for the information of the government of the U. States. I have the honor to be, With great truth, Sir, Your most obedient servant, (Signed) RUFUS KING, &c. HAWKESBURY. Whitehall, March, 1801.
MY LORDS, I transmit to your Lordships herewith, a copy of the decree of the Vice Admiralty Court of Nassau, condemning the cargo of an American vessel, going from the United States, to a port in the Spanish colonies; and the said decree having been referred to the consideration of the King's Advocate General, your Lordships will perceive from his report an extract from which I close, that it is his opinion that the sentence of the Vice Admiralty is erroneous and founded in a misapprehension or misapplication of the principles laid down in the decision of the High Court of Admiralty referred to, without attending to the limitations therein contained.
In order therefore to put a stop to the inconveniences arising from these erroneous sentences of the Vice Admiralty Courts, I have the honor to signify to your Lordship the King's pleasure, that a communication of the doctrine laid down in the said report should be immediately made by your Lordships to the several judges presiding in them, stating forth what is held to be the law upon the subject by the superior tribunals for their future guidance and direction. I am, &c. PORTLAND.
To the Lord's commissioners of the Admiralty.
Extract of the Advocate General's Report, dated March 16, 1801.
I have the honor to report, that the sentence of the Vice Admiralty Court appears to me erroneous, and to be founded in a misapprehension or misapplication of the principles laid down in the decision of the Court of Admiralty referred to, without attending to the limitations therein contained.
The general principle respecting the colonial trade has, in the course of the present war, been to a certain degree relaxed in consideration of the present state of commerce. It is now distinctly understood, that it has been repeatedly so decided by the High Court of appeals, that the produce of the colonies of the enemy may be imported by a neutral into his own country, and may be re-exported from thence, even to the mother country of such colony; and in like manner the produce and manufactures of the mother country may, in this circuitous mode, legally find their way to the colonies. The direct trade, however, between the mother country and its colonies has not hitherto been recognized as legal, either by his Majesty's government or by his tribunal.
What is a direct trade, or what amounts to an intermediate importation into the neutral country, may sometimes be a question of some difficulty—A general definition of either applicable to all cases, cannot be well laid down. The question must depend upon the particular circumstances of each case; perhaps the more touching in the neutral country, to take clearances, may properly be considered as a fraudulent evasion, and is in effect the direct trade; but the High Court of Admiralty has expressly decided (and I see no reason to expect that the court of appeals will vary the rule) that landing the goods and paying the duties in the neutral country, breaks the continuity of the voyage, and is such an importation as legalizes the trade, although the goods be re-shipped in the same vessel, and on account of the same neutral proprietors and forwarded for sale to the mother country.
A true copy from the files of the department of state. (Signed) JACOB WAGNER, Chief Clerk
In the case of the American Brigantine Leopard, Robes, Master, laden in part with Malaga Wines. The cargo so far as consisted of Wines, regularly imported into the United States, was condemned by Judge Knapp, 20th October, 1800, "the same being productions of the Spanish Territory in Europe, and bound to the French ports of that Empire."
BOSTON, Sept. 19. It was stated in yesterday's Centinel, that advices were received in town by a capt. Dorr, who had lately arrived from England, "That forty sail of American vessels had been recently condemned in England." This article having excited considerable attention, we were induced to call on capt. D. and have been informed by him, that the above statement was extremely incorrect:—He merely flats to us, that previous to his leaving England, which was on the 24th of August, it was reported to him, that since April last, there had been upwards of forty sail of American vessels sent into the different ports of England—that several of them had been condemned; but that the principal part had either been released, and again failed, or were detained on various pretensions. At this particular moment, it behoves the printers of newspapers to be extremely circumpect in what they admit on a subject of such importance as the above wherein the feelings and interests of the largest and most respectable class of our fellow-citizens are so deeply concerned.
From a Salem Paper. Copy of a letter from Mr. Williams to Mr. Bartlet, Esq. dated, London, July 12, 1805.
SIR, I am sorry to inform you of the unfortunate detention of the brig Respect , captain March, by a privateer, she is now in Plymouth. Captain M. has applied to me for advice and assistance, which I shall of course render him. To-morrow a claim will be given for vessel and cargo. It appears that the cargo came in this vessel from Martinique; although it was landed, &c. yet the court will, I fear, agreeably to a late decision of the court of appeals in the case of the Effex , Orne , condemn the vessel and cargo—nothing will save them, unless it be a memorial which is to be made to this government on a similar occasion, by order of the American minister. There are two or three similar cases now pending—I have frequently cautioned my friends from sending cargoes imported from the enemies colonies, to the countries of the enemy in Europe, in the same bottom. The memorial may delay the trial of the Respect , and the others in the same situation. I shall give captain March my best aid. N. B. The attempts to negotiate a peace continue to depress the markets and prevent sales. Samuel Williams.
A letter from Mr. Williams to Mr. Bartlet, received subsequent to that of July 12 dated London 23rd July, 1805.
Two vessels and cargoes in the predilection of yours were condemned to day. Yours of course will share the same fate. The trial comes on this week. The case of the Effex , Orne , was the authority which governed the judges in these cases."
SPANISH CONSUL GENERAL'S OFFICE. Philadelphia, Sept. 19, 1805.
His Catholic Majesty's Consul General has received information that the importation of Dry Goods, (Muffles excepted) Flour and other provisions is permitted at Porto Rico. Duties payable on Dry Goods are 10 per cent. and 6 per cent. on provisions, with liberty to export the produce of the island on paying 5 per cent. only.
The grounds upon which the Spaniards have captured American ships, are, we presume, their having English property on board. It appears that the Spaniards release the vessels after taking out the property. The American ships Eagle , Shaler , and Berlion , Richmond , from Liverpool to the Mediterranean, which were taken and carried into Algiers, have been released, after their cargoes had been landed. The former is arrived at Leghorn, and the latter at Malta. London paper.
SALEM, September 13. Bloody Scenes at Algiers.
Capt. SHILLABER, from Leghorn, informs us, that on the 7th inst. a brig arrived there from Algiers, and brought accounts of an interview at that place, and that the Dey had beheaded 400 Jews. One Jewish family made their escape in the brig. Capt. S. being left on the point of sailing, had not an opportunity to collect any further particulars of the above; but after he had gone on board to take his departure, and while he lay becalmed, capt. ISRAEL WILLIAMS, of the ship Friendship , of this port, then at Leghorn, was so obliging as to get on board a letter from him, communicating a number of other circumstances respecting this bloody business of which the following is an extract.
LEGHORN, July 8. "Yesterday arrived here an Imperial brig, in company from Algiers. She informs, that that country was in dreadful confusion—that the Bottomn Arabs, to be headed by a Frenchman, had revolted, and marched towards Algiers—that the Dey, on their approach, detached 7000 troops to attack them, but that these, after a desperate battle, were defeated, and cut off, to a man—that the Arabs then rushed on to their city, which they successfully attacked, and had taken a principal fort—that another attempt had been made to assassinate the Dey, he being received several shots, and said to be mortally wounded; that he had cut off 400 of the richest Jews' heads, and that the bloody work was still going on when this vessel left the place. There were at this time three vessels at Algiers, a Ragusan, an Imperialist, and a Swede, who all cut their cables, and ran away from the port, permitting as many Jews to come as could get on board; the brig that has now arrived, brought 100, and it is expected the Swede has at least 200 more. Such is the news at Leghorn."
"The Algerines have a squadron now at sea consisting of seven sail; they passed in sight of this port 18 days since, and were off Civita Vecchia 4 years since.—They consist of a float frigate of 44 guns, built at Algiers a few days since; another frigate of 44 guns, taken from the Portuguese six months since; the Crescent , of 22, a present from the United States; 2 puffers, lately purchased from the Greeks, one of which mounts 26 guns, the other 18; the fine brig Basshaw , of 22 guns, a present also from the United States; and a zaebeck." "We have heard of several of the American gun-boats passing Gibraltar, but not of their arrival at Malta."
Capt. Shillaber mentions a circumstance with respect to the quarantine at Leghorn, which may be important to be known. On account of the sufferings of some of our cities from the yellow fever, vessels arriving there from any port of the United States whether healthy or diseased, are indiscriminately obliged to perform a quarantine of forty days. I perceive as they say, they have satisfactory official means of discriminating; whereas had they an established correspondence with the boards of health in our several sea ports,

to be as perfectly informed on the subject, vessels from healthy ports might be subjected to a quarantine of only a few days—which would be a great relief to our commerce with that place. There was no news at Gibraltar of the battle with the combined fleets when captain Shillaber failed from thence. The Spanish gun boats, captain S. informs, sail every American they can, that passes the Straits; one of them he says paid nearly for an attack upon one of the U. States ketches, which gave her a full discharge, that occasioned her to withdraw. Capt. Shillaber, from Leghorn, informs, that the Spanish gun-boats sail all American vessels which pass through the Straits. One of them, he says, paid nearly for an attack upon one of the United States ketches, which gave her the contents of a broadside for her officiousness.
PHILADELPHIA, September 21. FIRE. —This morning about day-light a fire was discovered in the spacious building owned and occupied by Mr. Edward Pennington, as a sugar refinery, in Brewer's alley above Vine-street. The flames had gained such an ascendancy, previous to the alarm, as to defy every effort to subdue them. This extensive building, and adjoining apartments, together with all the utensils and a large stock of materials were entirely consumed. The loss is said in one hour sustained by a single individual is said to amount to between 15 and 20,000 dollars. It is not satisfactorily understood how the fire originated. We are concerned to add, that a possibility of preserving this valuable property, was frustrated by the want of a company of Schuylkill Water-men. To whom does the blame of this gross neglect attach?
By the brig Hibernia, from Havana, arrived at Baltimore, we learn, that the American Consul's office at that place was again opened. Phil. Gaz. GEORGETOWN, Sept. 21. Yesterday the United States frigate President capt. James Barron, from the Mediterranean, arrived at the Navy Yard, city of Washington.
NORFOLK, September 14. The following interesting communication from the British Admiral, commanding the blockading squadron off Cadiz, to American captains, was handed us by capt. Hutton, of St. Lucar. " Dreadnought, off Cadiz, July 25, 1801. "GENTLEMEN, "I very much lament the inconvenience or loss which the subjects of neutral states may suffer by the suppression of the Spanish trade in the ports of Cadiz and St. Lucar, by his majesty's order; for its prohibition having been publicly notified, and sufficient time given for its general promulgation throughout Europe, before it was acted upon by this squadron before Cadiz, I cannot notwithstanding the most sincere disposition I have at all times felt to give every security and facility to the lawful trade of neutrals, allow the ships which have received cargoes on board since my arrival upon this coast, to proceed on their voyage with them. If there were any impediments to the regular notification of the measure, by the respective ministers, I am sorry for it; but the appearance of the squadron off this coast, and their having in lieu of it turned off to other ports all neutral ships which approached with the purpose of entering it, was a sufficient indication of the service they were employed on, and so clearly marked Cadiz and St. Lucar to be blockaded ports, as they are defined in the existing treaties and particularly in the convention of Petersburg, 1801, that no doubt could remain, or other notification be necessary. "Those ships, (many of which were Americans) that had received their cargoes, or a principal part of it before my arrival here, I have allowed to proceed on their voyage, for it is the trade of Spain alone that I would intercept; if neutrals are involved in it, and their interests in some degree suffer, it is an accident that I regret, but cannot prevent. Those that were in port not loaded, may now depart in ballast; but the American brig which entered on the 10th inst. in breach of the blockade, will be seized whenever she comes out, though she may be in ballast. The complaint of the master of the Portuguese schooner, I find is too well founded, and you may depend I shall take proper notice of it with respect to the officer, and measures that I hope will prevent the recurrence of such conduct in future, towards those, who, in their lawful pursuits, are entitled to kind offices rather than harshness, severity, and unjustifiable threats. I have the honor to be, gentlemen, Your most obedient humble servant, CUTBERT COLLINGWOOD."
From LEXINGTON, August 30. By a gentleman just arrived from Orleans, information has just been received that a body of the Chickasaw Indians, headed by captain Colbert, had made an attack upon the Ogoula , but were cut to pieces by the latter. This warfare, in some measure confirms the various accounts hitherto published relative to the hostile intentions of the Indians east of the Mississippi, towards the Ogoula nation. Colbert escaped and has returned home, but capt. Underwood, a distinguished chief of the Chickasaw, who was well known in the United States as the traveller companion of the late captain Lewis, the agent of Indian affairs, fell in the conflict. CHILLICOTHE. ( Ohio ) Aug. 24. By a letter from Louisville, at the falls of Ohio, we learn, with much pleasure, that the projected canals are in considerable forwardness. That one will be cut on both sides of the river, wide enough for boats to pass and repass. There are great calculations made of the profits that will be derived from the mills each company calculate on erecting, as the country affords no other sufficient water in a dry season, nor mills of any kind. The advantage of this laudable undertaking will be experienced in a great degree by the citizens of the union generally, and by those of the western country in particular, as being the only outlet to the sea of a large tract of country capable of producing more for exportation, than all the Atlantic states from N. York to Georgia. States which it is reasonable to suppose, in less than half a century will look to the western country for their daily bread. That we shall be able to supply them we are confident, and feel much satisfaction in contemplating the rising greatness of the western states. On the other hand we view the connexion with our Atlantic brethren, as the indissoluble tie of brotherly love, which will increase with our increasing greatness, on the other hand, we extend our prospects to the numerous population, which will not only line the banks of the Ohio and its tributary streams, but the distant plains of the Missouri and the waters of the west. Calculating our numbers will increase in the same ratio for thirty years, which must be allowed to be reasonable, now that the Indians are no longer dreaded, we will not be many less than the whole population of the states east of the Allegheny. We understand that the following are the boundaries of the purchase made by the Co-
nation appointed by the United States to treat with the Chickasaw and Choctaw nations of Indians: Beginning where the boundary line between the State of Tennessee and the Indians strikes the Ohio river; thence, down the Ohio to the Tennessee river; thence up the middle of the Tennessee river to the mouth of Duck river; thence up Duck river to where the Columbian road crosses it, thence, with the road, Southwardly, to the top of the dividing ridge between Buffalo and Swan river; thence including all the waters of Elk river, to the Chickasaw old fields, near the Muscle shoals; thence a direct line Northwardly to the United States boundary. ( Tennessee Gazette. )
NATCHEZ, August 16. Extract of a letter from a gentleman at Natchitoches, to the Editors, dated June 4. "On the 11th ultimo, his illustrious highness the Bishop of Montrey arrived at this place; he travelled in a coach drawn by six mules, and had the top of a chariot suspended upon poles like a litter, and carried by two mules along, in which he occasionally rode; he had an escort of sixty cavalry, a party of pioneers that went before, and was followed by a large number of persons, mostly inhabitants of Natchitoches and St. Antonio. He had sixty mules particularly allotted for his carriages which were changed frequently, and nearly as many packed with his baggage; he travelled eighteen or twenty leagues a day; he wore the mire and purple robe, appears about 45, is rather short and fat, of easy manners, facetious and agreeable in conversation, speaks nothing but Spanish and Latin, but reads French, and he furnished us all by the liberality of his sentiments or expressions. He is an European, was late confessor to the king and queen of Spain, and is said to be a near relation of the Prince of Peace; he has been about 5 years in America, has jurisdiction over five provinces, with an income of fifty thousand dollars a year. He stayed with us four days we paid him all the attention our situation would admit; he appeared pleased; returned every civility politely, and left his benediction with us. There has been a variety of conjectures relative to the objects of his visit to this place; some have supposed it more of political than an ecclesiastical nature, and it was generally thought he would make as good a general as a bishop; he carried with him a Theodolite for taking the latitude of places and mathematical instruments, as well as the instruments of his order; he was requested to take the latitude of Natchitoches, which he said he would do with pleasure, but he had lost some screws out of his instrument that rendered it useless; he said he found Natchitoches in 41 degrees and 15 m. or thereabouts, which is somewhat south of this place."
NEW-ORLEANS, August 17. Extract of a letter to the Editor, dated Ouachita, June 30th, 1805. "The inhabitants are highly pleased with the present arrangement in the administration of justice—and the legislative council receive high encomiums for their disinterested and faithful public services. In travelling from New-Orleans to this place, which I suppose near 500 miles, I found both governor Claiborne and the government of the United States, contrary to my expectations, exceedingly popular, and particularly with the French—There are a few refugees from justice, that are opposed to the government, because they are afraid the law will reach them and inflict the punishment due to their crimes."
The Enquirer. RICHMOND, 1st OCTOBER. BRITISH ENCROACHMENTS UPON OUR COMMERCE. "An order, we understand, was sent to all the ports some days ago, instructing our cruisers to detain all American vessels, which have on board property not the produce of the United States. This order has been already acted upon, and several ships have been stopped. London paper of 7th of August. Such is the paragraph, which has already excited so great an alarm among the American merchants, and such vehement indignation among all classes of citizens. It is to be regretted, that the order itself has not reached us, from which this paragraph is said to have been substantially taken. For we cannot help suspecting that it embraces a much wider circle of operation than the order itself, and we suspect it for the following reasons: Because the paragraph which follows it in the same paper, explains the intention of the order to be, the restraining of our indirect trade between the colonies and the mother country, through the medium of the United States: Because the letters from the London merchants to their correspondents in this country, confine the provisions of the order to this precise object: Because the case of the Effex and other vessels which have lately been condemned by the English courts of admiralty, is founded entirely upon this assumed principle of an unlawful commerce between the colonies and the mother country: And because, if their order was as extensive in its operation as this paragraph professes it to be, it would have the effect of subjecting our vessels to detention and adjudication, though they were laden even with British manufactures. In fact, according to the phraseology of this paragraph, not an American vessel could sail on the high seas, "having on board property not the produce of the U.S." whether it consisted of British manufactures or of colonial produce, which would not be liable to detention by British cruisers, and adjudication by their courts of admiralty. Instead of such an unlimited interference with our trade, we suspect that it was the only intention of this order to instruct their cruisers to detain all American vessels "bound to an enemy's colony, and having on board any article of the growth or manufacture of a nation at war with Great Britain." By referring, (in our preceding columns) to Mr. King's letter of March 1801, to Lord Hawkesbury, on a similar subject, the reader will find that such at least was the practice of the British cruisers at that period; & this forms another reason for our opinion, that the London paragraph has strained the provisions of the order beyond its actual import. But this order, even with this modification, contains such encroachments upon the American commerce, as cannot but excite the deepest alarm and indignation. A defolitary view of this subject, will be sufficient to point out the injustice of this regulation, and the disadvantageous situation to which we shall be reduced. It has generally been the custom, when any new principle is adopted by a belligerent nation, or when any old one is carried into operation, to give a previous notice to the ministers resident of neutral nations, that they may have it in their power to put their countrymen on their guard. When a Port is declared to be in a state of blockade, there is always a provision in favour of such vessels as may have left their country, before the declaration of the blockade could have arrived there. But no such provision has been made, in the present instance! An order has been given by the British government for detaining our vessels, laden with particular cargoes and bound for particular ports,
& without having given the least previous notification of their design, it is immediately acted on. Vessels which are laden in this particular way and bound to these particular ports, have not the least opportunity of escaping the operation of this Ex-post-facto law. Their commanders have not the least doubt but that they are carrying on not only a regular trade, but a trade which has been expressly sanctioned by the British government; When contrary to all reasonable expectation, they are detained by British cruisers and carried into port for adjudication. They were ignorant of the very existence of the law; they were consequently prevented from taking the necessary precautions, and yet they are exposed to its most rigorous penalties. Can this be called justice? The detention and condemnation of American property in this way alone, will involve a loss of property almost beyond calculation. Hundreds of cargoes are now afloat, which have been shipped and sent forward in the same vessels in which they were imported. The very manner therefore of carrying this order into effect betrays an astonishing disregard of our rights and of the practice of nations, and renders us liable to an almost incalculable loss. When we come to enquire into the Spirit of the order itself, new and insurmountable objections rise up against it. Those objections are of two kinds; those that apply to the mere detention of our vessels; and those which will apply to the principle, on which they will be liable to condemnation before the courts of admiralty. Each of these deserve a separate examination. 1. According to this order, there is not an American vessel, "having on board any article of the growth or manufacture of any nation at war with Great-Britain" which is not liable to be taken out of its course, and carried into a British port for adjudication, whatever be the distance between them. An American vessel, for instance, with a single barrel of Coffee on board and bound into Bourdeaux, may be dragged out of her course by a British privateer, and carried into Portsmouth for adjudication. Extreme cases of this kind would certainly be much less frequent if the Admiralty court shall decide, that when the captor is cast in his claim, he shall pay freight, demurrage and expenses to the American vessel. To the honour of the British courts such was their decision in the year 1793, when our vessels were detained with provisions bound to France; and such may probably be the decision in the British ports under this new regulation. But in the British W. India ports, if we may form any anticipation from a recent judgment in the vice admiralty court of Nassau, a different result may be reasonably expected. In this case (for which we refer our readers to the preceding columns) the judge, though he determined in favour of the claimants, was generous enough to throw the costs upon them; and yet this justice Dyer has been highly praised for his inflexible regard to justice. But should it even become a rule in all the admiralty courts of England without exception, that the claimant when defeated in his claim, should pay freight, demurrage, and expenses to the American vessels, though this would diminish the number of detentions, and the loss of the American merchants, still the interruption of their voyage would subject them to considerable inconvenience & expense. The allowing of demurrage, and freight might be some compensation to the American merchant or ship-owner, for the expenses to which he would be liable; but they would not be any substitute for the profit which he would have made by the continuance of the voyage. The costs allowed in a common court of justice, are a sufficient compensation to the injured party, if they are sufficient to reimburse him for all the legal expenses which he has incurred; because the loss of time and the consequent loss of profit are so inconsiderable, as to require no indemnification. But in the case of a commercial adventure, the consequences are vastly different. By carrying a vessel out of her defined route, and destroying the chance of her arriving in port within a certain time, the captor prevents the merchant from benefiting by the demand of the market, and enjoying the expected profit of his adventure. This is a loss, which no adjudging of demurrage, or freight or expenses, is ever sufficient to replace. The consequences of this detention are not however confined to the owner of the vessel or the cargo, but they are made to extend also to the crew. During every war, in which the English nation has been engaged, the most unauthorised measures have been employed for the impressment of seamen but at no period has this practice been more widely extended, than during the present war, which may in fact be principally regarded as a war on the seas. Surely we have no just reason to hope, that our own citizens which has been so largely dealt out to British subjects. We know that they have lately impressed our seamen on the high seas, at the mouth of our harbours, and in our own vessels; why should they be more secure within the British harbours? When the American vessels were detained and sent into port according to the instructions furnished to the British cruisers in 1793, our seamen were impressed & Mr. Pinckney remonstrated to Lord Grenville. Why should they expect to enjoy a better fate under the present regulation? In the words of Mr. Pinckney, therefore, "their being captured and brought into British courts, renders our seamen liable to those disadvantages, they would otherwise have avoided." 2. But the principle on which these vessels when once detained and carried into port, are to be condemned by the courts of admiralty is no less injurious to our interests than the act of detaining them. "One restriction on their natural rights" says Mr. Jefferson, p. 147 of the official correspondence, has been submitted to by nations at peace; that is to say, that of not furnishing to either party implements merely of war, for the annoyance of the other, nor any thing whatever to a place blockaded by its enemy." Is it not then a violation of our natural rights, that any prohibition should be placed upon the direct trade which we carry on between the mother country and her colony, between France for example and Martinique? The declaration of war between France and her enemy may no doubt have opened some of her colonial ports to our vessels, and given them a greater latitude of operation than they would have possessed in a time of war; of course an interruption of this trade cannot be considered as a restriction upon our natural rights : But there are other branches of trade, which neutral nations are permitted to carry on between France and her colonies in a time of peace, which no belligerent nation can attempt to interrupt without violating some of our natural rights. Let us admit, however, that "a direct conveyance either out or home, is positively inhibited," on the ground, that "this would be to obviate all the inconveniences of war, and render ineffectual the exertions of the opposite party;" case of the Immanuel , 2. Rob. Ad. Rep. 172. It will not follow, that "a circuitous transportation of the produce of a belligerent colony to the mother country" should be made a subject of prohibition. Some of the writers on the law of nations, have attempted to make this
compromise between the rights of neutrals to carry on their commerce and the right of a belligerent to cripple the exertions of their enemy; that "landing the goods and paying the duties in the neutral country, breaks the continuity of the voyage, and is such an importation as legalizes the trade, although the goods are re-shipped in the same vessel, and on account of the same neutral proprietor and forwarded for sale to the mother country." And this too has been the doctrine, generally pursued by the British courts, and even expressly laid down in the advocate general's report of March 16 1801, enclosed by Lord Hawkesbury in his letter to Mr. King. The spirit of the late order of the court of London however is in complete opposition to this doctrine; for according to the late judgment in the case of the Effex , no part of the colonial produce of France, even though it be the bona fide property of an American citizen, can be safe from confiscation, unless it has been re-shipped on board of a different vessel. This is deemed by them the only satisfactory proof that the colonial produce thus exported and destined to an enemy's port, is not bona fide the property of that enemy. Inconsistent as these decisions of the British admiralty have been with their previous decisions, it is not a matter of astonishment that they should be inconsistent with the rights of neutral nations! But this principle injurious as it would prove to our commerce, will be rendered still more fatal by the iniquities, which will be practised under colour of its provisions. It would be difficult to place any bounds to the numberless depredations, which British Cruisers, and British Courts, in the West Indies, will be encouraged to commit. A barrel of nails found on board of an American vessel has been known to contaminate a whole cargo, in the decision of a court, and expose it to confiscation, as if it was entirely composed of contraband articles. The same decision has frequently been known to involve the vessel as well as the cargo in the same illegal confiscation. What right have we to expect that British cruisers or courts will be inspired by a greater regard for our rights now, than these decisions have proved them to possess? What right have we to hope that a pipe of wine from Bourdeaux may not be used as a cover for confiscating a whole cargo, and even the vessel itself? Such at least is said to have been the fate of the Effex and her cargo. But it is not from the British agents alone, that these depredations are to be dreaded; for we may soon expect to hear of a similar order being issued by the French government. "It is an essential character of neutrality to furnish no aids (not stipulated by treaty) to one party, which we are not equally ready to furnish to the other. If we permit corn to be sent to Great-Britain and her friends, we are equally bound to permit it to France. To refrain it, would be a partiality which might lead to war with France; and between refraining it ourselves, and permitting her enemies to obtain it unrightfully, is no difference." Mr. Jefferson's letter to Mr. Pinckney Sept. 7th 1793. The same doctrine will equally apply to restrictions upon our trade in the colonial produce. We have thus attempted in a very brief and defolitary manner to lay open some of the evils, which must result from the late encroachments of the British cabinet & British courts upon the American trade. These evils we must leave to time itself to unroll "in all the amplitude of their detail." Let it not however be supposed that they will affect our carrying trade alone; because the trade which we carry on in colonial produce is in fact essential to the prosperity of our direct trade, and our agriculture: as that part of the produce, which is over and above our own consumption, would be nothing else than a burden upon our hands, if it were not sometimes exported to the mother country. It is probable that these evils may be arrested thro' the remonstrance of our minister in London. But should that remonstrance be without effect, it will then be the duty of the people to prefer the remedy!
COMMUNICATION, TO THE EDITOR.
In your paper some time since, I saw a paragraph which seemed to me to have rather a frowning aspect on men born in other countries. You think that too much of our literary labours is in the hands of these men. It is a fortunate circumstance for America, that science and knowledge cannot be monopolized, and that the natives of this country may perfect themselves in learning as soon as they please. The people of America have done much in that way for the time, but they have yet much to do, and I doubt not they will make as rapid advances in literary, as they have done in political science. There are three sorts of people who come here from the British dominions, viz. English, Scotch, and Irish. Of the two first, at least 15 out of 20, are decided enemies of our country and government, and who either openly or covertly, would do every thing in their power to overturn your present political system. Altho' P. Porcupine is gone, yet I have no doubt there are other persons in his way, either in the actual pay of the British ministry, or who have such expectations, who are labouring all they can to disgrace, to embarrass, and to overturn your republican system of government.
Of the Irish, 15 out of 20, or perhaps a still greater proportion of them, are warm and determined friends of republican America; and although they sometimes show their zeal in rather a too boisterous a way, yet, methinks, their intentions should be an excuse for their intemperance. Another distinction ought to be made. Those emigrants who came to these states before the year 1790 or '93, were generally persons of the lowest grades, who came here merely for gain in whatever manner, or by whatever means they could obtain it. Since that period, a number of men of learning and science, and certainly men of principle, who had seen better days, have forsaken their native countries to participate of American liberty. Such men, I presume, should be treated with respect and kindness.—To my knowledge, many of them are uniform friends to your present government, and have made great sacrifices in order to share in its blessings. These men, by experience, can and do appreciate the just and inestimable value of liberty, because they have either seen or felt the pain and penalties of despotic power. But I did not take up the pen merely to write on this subject, or to quarrel with your opinion—it was to make some observations on the propriety, or rather the necessity of establishing a well-conducted Annual Register. I think it would require three (certainly two) persons to arrange and put in fit order the principal parts of a respectable Annual Register, so as to deserve public approbation, and proper to keep a place in a gentleman's library—one for the historical, one for the congressional, and another for the literary department—besides an editor, or overseer, of the printing-office, with more taste and leisure than fall generally to the lot of common printers. All those men ought to be persons of very general knowledge, and cool discriminating judgment. When I speak of such a work, I have my eye on that excellent compilation, the new Annual Register published in London.
I shall only add, that a work of this kind is imperiously called for, and if executed by men of judgment, and judicious friends to the liberty of America, it might be of very general good, and counteract any influence of the hirelings or adherents to kingly power and influence. Yesterday the Fairfield Races commenced, with the Produce Stakes. Seven Filies started. Three were distanced the first heat, and one in the last heat. Mr. Wyllie's Filly 1 1 Mr. Taylor's 2 3 M. Sen den's 3 2 Erratum in the 6th No. of the Vindication, in place of "Gloucester" insert "York."
FROM THE PORT FOLIO.
S. Highly the author of the battle of Largs, a gothic Poem, has written, from the heart the ensuing tender Stanzas. THE LOVER TO HIS HEART. Lie still, lie still, fond fluttering heart, Thine anguish'd pulses throbb in vain! For she, that bars the myrtle dart, Knows not thy fid, thy secret pain. Mine eyes with rude unconsenting gaze, Pursue her form though all the dance, But her's oft, with strange amazement, Rebuked my wild unwary glance. When e'er the changeless measures bring Her gentle hand to meet with mine, From the soft touch electric spring Delicious pangs, distress divine. Lie still, lie still, fond fluttering heart, Stern Fortune lets thee beat in vain; And she, that bars Love's powerful dart Shall never know thy secret pain.
From a London Paper.
By the perusal of the following pathetic lines, our readers will, no doubt, be highly gratified. We have not yet had the pleasure of hearing the music adapted to them by the Noble Lord whose name is afterwards mentioned; but we are told that this composition is in spirit and in charms congenial to the words of the ingenious Poet, whose verses now before us cannot be read by the most indifferent observer without much grateful sensibility for the happy influence of the nation's—
THE DESERTER'S MEDITATION.
Written by John Philip Curran Esq. set to music by a Duet by the Earl of Barrymore; and lately performed at Mrs. Harrison's and Bartleman's Concert. If sadly thinking, And spirit sinking, Could more than drinking, Our griefs compose; A cure for sorrow, From Care I'd borrow, And hope to-morrow Might end my woes. But since in waiting, There's naught waiting, For search unfulfilling, Will strike his blow; Then for the reason, And for the season Let us be merry before we go. A way-worn ranger, To joy a stranger, Through ev'ry danger, My course I've run: Now Death befriending, His last aid lending, My griefs are ending, My woes are done: No more a Rover, Or hapless lover Those cares are over— "My cup runs low." Then for that reason, And for the season, Let us be merry, Before we go.
High crime.—A woman has been lately fined in Baltimore for wearing her petticoat fashioned too high. To avoid the like penalty in future, it is said, she means to let them down.
"Astonishing invisible Lads" made visible.
The public are notified, that the deceptions of the "Magical Temple" practised by J. R. Wood, and Co. in this town, during the last commencement, are detected. The fencing, conversation, &c. of "The Invisible," were effected by a young girl concealed in an adjoining room, who looked thro' a tube running under the floor, through which it was continued into one of the posts of the frame, in which the "Temple" was suspended, thence into square pieces or bars of wood, which were hollow, and placed horizontally, on the top of the frame, opposite the trumpets, which issued from the "Temple;" into these hollow bars were made small perforations, opposite to the centre of the trumpets, through which the sounds were communicated to them. The manner in which she discovered the number of persons in the rooms, their dress, &c. was by looking through a hole made in the ceiling, concealed by a glass, yet so as not to obstruct her sight. ( Dist. Gaz. )
Sales at Auction.
ON Monday the 14th of October next will commence the sale of WILLIAM M. KENNEDY & Co's Stock, at their Store, three doors below the Eagle Tavern. Consisting of upwards of Thirty Thousand Dollars worth of seasonable and well selected DRY GOODS. Terms—All sums under 100 dollars, 90 days and on all sums above 100 dollars 3 and 6 months credit will be given. Notes not negotiable, but with approved security. October 1. (eptds)
DISSOLUTION OF PARTNERSHIP.
THE Co-partnership of WM. C. DRUMMOND & Co. is, by mutual consent, this day dissolved; all persons having demands against the said firm, and those indebted thereto, are desired to call on either of the subscribers for settlement. W. C. DRUMMOND, HENRY HOVEY. P. S. They offer for sale, their present Stock of GOODS on hand, and will give up to the purchaser the eligible stand now occupied by them immediately. October 1. (eptf)
THE Co-partnership of KNIGHT & DRUMMOND
is, by mutual consent, dissolved this day. All persons having demands against said firm, and those indebted thereto, are requested to call on Wm. C. Drummond & Co. for immediate settlement. WALTON KNIGHT, W. C. DRUMMOND. October 1. (ff)
BOARDING IN WILLIAMSBURG.
AS the time when the course usually commences at William & Mary College is fast approaching, the subscriber informs parents and young gentlemen that he will continue to receive boarders on terms as moderate as circumstances will allow. It will be his peculiar endeavor to combine satisfactory accommodations, with internal decorum and propriety. Beside other recommendations, his house possesses the advantage of being almost contiguous to the college. ED: CHEMINANT. Williamsburg, October 1. (st)

Miscellaneous.
FROM THE N. Y. DAILY ADVERTISER.
OFFICE OF THE BOARD OF HEALTH.
17th September, 1805.
SIR,
I am directed by the Board of Health to cause the following important communication from Dr. Samuel Bard to Dr. David Hosack, to be published. I shall therefore esteem it as a favour, if you will give it a place in your useful paper.
I am, Sir, with the greatest respect, Your most obedient servant, JAMES HARDIE. WM. COLEMAN, Esq.
MY DEAR SIR,
"Mr. Livingston our late minister, put into my hands a few days since, a treatise on the means of disinfecting the air, and of preventing and checking the progress of contagion, by L. B. Guyton Morveau, which, if you have not seen, I earnestly recommend to your perusal. In the mean time as it is a late publication, and but few copies have reached this country, I send you this concise account of it; and if you think as I do, that what it proposes deserves our most serious attention, and that the means he recommends ought, on proper occasions, to have a fair and candid trial; you may by sending them to the public papers give them all the publicity you can. Guyton Morveau's theory and practice are built upon the supposition that the poison of infection, particularly in the instances of jail, hospital, and ship-fever, yellow fever, and plague, arises from, and is composed of exhalations from putrifying animal and vegetable substances, and that these are to be seized on, chemically changed, neutralized, and rendered innocuous by acids. You will perceive that this is the same sentiment and leads to a practice similar to that described by Dr. Carmichael Smyth, and successfully made use of by him in purifying the air, and stopping the progress of a terrible disease in the Hospital of Winchester, and under his directions also on board the Hospital ship and the Russian fleet at Sheerness; for which service he received a reward of five thousand pounds sterling from the Parliament of Great Britain. Guyton Morveau, however, claims the honour of this discovery, and proves that he practiced it as early as the year 1773, when he published an account of his success in purifying by these means, the air of the principal church at Dijon, rendered insupportably offensive by emptying the sepulchral vaults, belonging to it; whereas Dr. Smyth's discovery was not published before the year 1800.
It appears from Guyton Morveau's facts and experiments that all acids in a state of gas possess the power of neutralizing, changing and correcting putrid and contagious exhalations.
Common vinegar, wanting the volatility necessary to render it efficacious in purifying the air, is only useful in its fluid state, in which form, however, it is of great advantage when employed in washing the clothing, bedding, and apartments of the sick. When obtained in the form of acetic acid, or radical vinegar, it possesses all the volatility necessary for rendering the air pure, and becomes very efficacious, and perfectly safe and agreeable in its application, but it is too expensive for general use. The vitriolic acid, as it is easily obtained in a volatile state from burning sulphur, appears to be as powerful a corrector as any other, but from the suffocating nature of its fumes, its use is confined to purifying empty ships, the empty apartments of hospitals, prisons, and private houses, and particularly to purifying clothes, bedding, and goods in close rooms. The nitric acid possesses all the volatility and activity necessary, and was made use of by Dr. Smyth unquestionably with great effect, but it requires great care and minute attention to a variety of circumstances, to render it perfectly innocuous to the sick and their attendants, and from a little mismanagement red and suffocating fumes are apt to arise, which render its application in a variety of the most important situations somewhat difficult. The muriatic acid is recommended by Guyton Morveau as possessing, particularly when sulphur oxygenated, a greater degree of volatility and activity than any other, as penetrating every recess and corner where infection may lurk, as being easy in its application, and safe and innocuous to the sick and attendants, and on the whole as affording the most sure, the most easy, and least expensive mode of disinfecting the air, correcting and destroying contagion, and checking the progress of jail, hospital, and ship fever, yellow fever and plague. He describes two processes for obtaining this object: the first for destroying infection in ships, in the empty wards of hospitals and infirmaries, in the store houses of infected goods, in rooms in which persons have died of infectious diseases, and in other places contaminated by putrifying substance. Place in the middle of the apartments to be purified, a chafing dish of live coals, upon it an iron dish or any other vessel that will bear the necessary heat, fill it nearly with sand, sink in the sand a bowl of glass, china, or stone ware, containing a quantity of common salt; let the windows and chimney be close shut, and as soon as the sand and salt shall have become heated, pour on the salt common vitriolic acid (oil of vitriol); leave the room immediately and keep it close shut for seven or eight hours. For the large ward of an hospital containing fifteen or twenty beds, and about 800 or 1000 square feet, and of proportional height, nine or ten feet of salt, and seven of oil of vitriol will be sufficient. A room from 12 to 15 feet square will not require more than about one ounce of common salt and about 3-4ths of an ounce of oil of vitriol. I purposely avoid Guyton Morveau's exactness in these proportions, as the only inconvenience of using too much of either of these ingredients is a trifling waste, and the only caution necessary is not to use too little. By this management Guyton Morveau asserts an infected room may be purified at a single fumigation, no injury, however, and certainly greater security will be gained by repetition.
For fumigating sick chambers, where it is necessary to repeat the process, sometimes as often as twice in 24 hours, and to direct the acid fumes upon and around the beds of the sick, in proportion to the reproduction of the contagious effluvia, it is necessary to observe a different and more exact process.
For a room from 10 to 15 feet square, take half an ounce of common salt, and somewhat less of oil of vitriol, pour the oil of vitriol into a glass, china or stone vessel, heat them moderately, and placing them on a table or stool, throw into it by small portions at a time, the common salt, and stir the mixture from time to time with a glass rod, or a piece of common window glass as the fumes are offered to a list. The only cautions necessary in this process, are not to touch the oil of vitriol, nor to spill nor sprinkle it on the floor, bedding, clothes, or any animal, vegetable, or metallic substance, all of which it attacks with violence and will destroy; by which the gas is rendered
impure. For larger rooms, two or more sets of apparatus may be made use of, placed in different parts of the room, which occasionally may be carried round or near the beds of the sick, only avoiding to set at liberty too great a volume of gas at once, which may excite some cough, and although no way dangerous, may prove troublesome or painful to the sick. All the advantages to be derived from these fumigations with the muriatic acid gas are greatly increased by employing the gas in a state of super oxygenation, and this is easily obtained, by adding to the common salt previous to the addition of the oil of vitriol, a small quantity of the black oxyd of manganese (common manganese used by the Potters for giving the black glazing to their ware, and to be had at most drug-shops.) For this purpose take two parts of common salt, one for the manganese in powder, one and a half of water and two of oil of vitriol, grind the salt and manganese together in a mortar, place them in a glass, china, or stone vessel, add the water, and (if the process is to be conducted in an uninhabited room) pour on the acid all at once; if in a sick chamber, at two or three periods, suffering the fumes to subside a little between each addition. The quantities necessary for rooms of different sizes may be proportioned from what has been said already on that subject.
Guyton Morveau adduces a great number of facts and experiments in proof of the efficacy and perfect safety of these experiments. In the year 1773, as has been already mentioned, he successfully corrected by these means, the air of the principal church at Dijon rendered highly putrid and infectious by emptying of the sepulchral vaults of that church; and towards the end of the same year he by the same means stopped the progress of an alarming jail fever which broke out in the prisons of that city. In the second year of the republic, the directory of the military hospitals in the department of the Seine and the Loire, alarmed at the progress of a violent epidemic, which appeared among the prisoners, successfully made use of fumigations according to the process of Guyton Morveau. In the same year the council of health ordered experiments to be made in the hospitals de St. Cyr, de Frascade, and du Gros-Caillou. The results proved incontrovertibly that such fumigations may be executed without inconvenience and with the greatest advantage in uninhabited rooms.
In the year 1794, when the military hospitals and prisons had become infected with putrid and malignant fevers, the council of health ordered them to be purified according to the process of Guyton Morveau and it is asserted with great success. The same process was employed in several hospitals left by the Austrians in a very infected state. In the army of the Pyrenees during an afflicting epidemic in the third year, and in the army of Italy in a dreadful epidemic in the seventh year of the republic—in the fleet at Rochefort, and in the expedition; but we are not informed with what success. In the year 1800 a contagious fever prevailing at Seville, in Spain, immediately ceased upon the use of acid fumigations, after which but one person died, the nurses and attendants were no longer attacked with the disease, and the convalescents had no relapses. Towards the end of the winter of 1820, a malignant fever broke out among the Spanish prisoners in Winchester in England, which carried off one seventh in the short space of three months; this epidemic was subdued by Dr. Carmichael Smyth, in a very few weeks by cleanliness, bathing the sick, fumigating the hammocks, beds and clothing with burning sulphur, washing the floors, partitions, and bedsteads with diluted muriatic acid, and fumigating the rooms with the vapours of the nitric acid.
In 1798, a malignant fever manifested itself in the Hospital ship Union, stationed at Sheerness for the accommodation of the Russian and English fleets. On the 26th of November fumigations with the nitric acid made by adding small portions of salt petre to the vitriolic acid were commenced, after the very first fumigation the air of the ship was manifestly purer. The fumigations were repeated night and morning with increasing good effects, so that from the 26th of November to the 11th of December only one Russian died. The symptoms of the disorder were mitigated, no one of the assistants were attacked, and of eighteen patients admitted all recovered; the fumigations occasioned no inconvenience to the sick or their attendants, and its good effects were so manifest, that they very reluctantly consented to discontinue them. The same fumigations were practiced with the happiest effects on board some vessels of the fleet, and soon after Dr. Smyth received letters and testimonials from upwards of twenty surgeons of hospitals and vessels of war, officers of marines, and surgeons attached to regiments, all attesting the good effects of these fumigations in arresting the progress of contagion and rapidly diminishing the malignity of fevers.
Guyton Morveau adds the testimony of Mr. Cruckshanks and Dr. Rolla of the military hospital at Woolwich, who made use of the oxygenated muriatic acid gas for the purpose of destroying contagion, and with such effect, that they say that with the knowledge of this remedy, contagion can in future only arise and spread under absolute inattention and neglect. In addition to these positive proofs, Guyton Morveau instituted a set of experiments, to determine the comparative powers of different substances in decomposing, neutralizing, and correcting putrid air, from which I think he fairly draws the following conclusions:
That water warm or cold, has no other effect on putrid miasmata than to dissolve or dilute them.
That lime although it speedily dissolves animal substances and by that means prevents their putrefaction, yet does not check putrefaction when once begun, that it cannot deprive them of putrid effluvia and has no other effect than to absorb the carbonic acid.
That burning resins and armories can have no other effect than to disguise by their perfumes the odour of putrid air, and that large fires can only influence the current of air, or disperse what is stagnant, and that they may prove rather hurtful than advantageous.
But that acids in every form and of every kind have such an affinity with putrid gas, as absolutely to decompose it, and effectually deprive it of all its peculiar and injurious properties.
Such are the outlines of Guyton Morveau's theory and practice; the details of his works are highly interesting, and to me I confess, if not absolutely convincing, carry with them so much probability and stand upon such authority that I think we are inexcusable if we reject them without a fair and candid trial.
I could wish to see a full translation of the whole work, which could not fail to command the attention of scientific and professional men, and would necessarily lead to trials which I do not hesitate to say would establish a practice which promises to diminish, if not entirely subdue, the most terrible of human calamities—infectious and putrid diseases.
SAMUEL BARD. Hyde Park, August 20, 1805. DR. DAVID HOSACK.
COURT OF KING'S BENCH, July 20. Sitting before Lord Ellenborough and Special Justices of London Merchants, at Guildhall. ROBINSON vs. TURPIN.
This was an action of considerable moment to the mercantile interest. The Plaintiff was the consignee of certain goods on board a Swedish vessel discharging its cargo at Blackwall; and the Defendant was the lighterman employed by the Plaintiff to bring the cargo so consigned to him from on board the ship. It appeared that on the 30th November, 1803, the Defendant's lighter came alongside of the ship in question, and that the person who had the charge of it ordered 200 barrels of pitch, consigned to the Plaintiff, to be stowed on board his lighter. He was informed that his order could not be completed that day, but should, on the next morning, or at farthest in the course of the day. The lighterman came down, on the day of the 10th, for another lighter which he had there, at which time the people of the ship were in the act of loading his lighter with the goods in question. The landing was completed about 2 o'clock that day, about 5 o'clock the tide became ebb, when, as they had been instructed by the lighterman, the people belonging to the ship put the lighter out a-firm of the ship, to prevent the pressure of other vessels, from the turn of the tide. Between the hours of 12 that night, and 1 o'clock of the morning of the 11th, the lighter sunk, & of the 200 barrels of pitch only 75 were recovered. To recover compensation for this loss was the object of the present action.
The case resolved simply into this; on whom did the burden of caring for the lighter lie; On the ship owners, or on the lighterman?
Mr. Solicitor General and Mr. Parke, for the Plaintiff, adduced several witnesses to show that the general understanding had always been, that a person should be left on board the lighter, by its owner, to take care of her, and to stow the goods. This was particularly necessary, where, as in the present instance, the Lighterman was employed, not by the ship owner, as was often the case, but by the consignee of the goods.
Mr. Erskine, for the Defendant, on the other hand, adduced a number of witnesses, principally Ship Owners and Lightermen jointly, to prove that, from the moment the lighters came alongside the vessel from which they were to carry the goods, from thence to the period of their complete lading, and, if that should happen at night, to the period of the next morning's tide, the custody and burden of the lighter lay on the Ship Owners.
The Solicitor General was about to address the Jury in reply, when
Lord Ellenborough interrupted him by remarking that no usage, however general, could avail the Defendant in this case. The usage, if usage it was, of the ships from on board of which the lighters were to convey the goods, taking charge of the lighters, could only have resulted from the neglect of the Proprietors of the latter to leave proper persons to take charge of them. In doing so, they essentially departed from the contract which they must be presumed from the moment their lighter had commenced taking the goods on board to have undertaken. It became, from that moment, the duty of the proprietor of the lighter to look after the goods put on board of his lighter, & to have a person constantly in readiness to carry it off when the lading was completed. No man could be allowed to urge a practice, originating out of his own fault, as one of which he was to avail himself.
The Jury accordingly found for the Plaintiff to the full extent of his demand.
LONDON FASHIONS FOR AUGUST. Kensington Garden's Promenade Dresses.
1. A round dress of plain or worked muslin; a pelisse of worked pique leno, lined with primrose perian, and trimmed all round with white lace. A mob cap lined and trimmed with primrose. 2. A dress of white muslin, made quite plain, with long sleeves. A scarlet cloak of purple farrier, trimmed all round with black lace. A gipsy hat of open straw, trimmed with purple. 3. A short dress of muslin, Leghorn hat. 4. A morning dress of white muslin, made close to the throat. A cap of white lace, linen with blue; a deep lace border. Nankin shoes. 5. A short dress of white muslin, with long sleeves; a shawl of worked leno, with an embroidered border, fastened on the bosom with a brooch. A bonnet of worked muslin, linen with farrier. 6. A long dress of worked muslin, with plain short sleeves; a shawl of worked muslin or leno. Straw hat turned up in front. 7. A plain dress of white muslin, with short sleeves; a cloak of green farrier, trimmed all round with black lace. A large gipsy hat, tied down with a green handkerchief. York tan gloves. 8. A morning dress of white muslin, made close round the neck with a collar; long sleeves. A bonnet of white muslin, with lace let in round the front.
General Observations.—The prevailing colours are primrose, lilac, pink, and green. Caps of lace or leno, lined with coloured farriers, are much worn. Dresses are made very plain, and only ornamented with lace. For promenade, short dresses are much worn, with lace or work let in round the bottom.
NEAL NELSON, BOOT & SHOE MANUFACTURER, MAIN-STREET, RICHMOND.
MAKES Boots & Shoes to any pattern or fashion, equal in point of MATERIALS and WORKMANSHIP to any in general use. Imported Boots and SHOES, of the first quality and newest fashion, for sale. Gentlemen at a distance, who are disposed to forward me their measure, by paying attention to the annexed cut, can be fitted with Boots or Shoes as well as they were on the spot. A—the length of the Boot—C—round the Calf—B—the pitch of ditto—D—round the heel and instep—E—round the instep—G—across the ball of the foot. Fix the heel against a perpendicular, and stick a knife at the end of the great toe—set down in figures the number of inches and quarters, in the different measures. January 1. epf
GEORGE WILY, BROKER & COMMISSION MERCHANT, Near the Basin.
BUTS and sells all kinds of Produce—Also, Lands, Lots, and houses, Bank Stock, &c. He has for Sale, LOTS No. 141, 2, 3, and 4, which make one entire square in Du-Val's addition—There is a good Spring attached to them. These lots are well worth the attention of any gentleman wishing to build a summer retreat for his family, July 23—tf.
PICKLING VINEGAR.
GROCERS, Tavern-Keepers and Private Families may be supplied with VINEGAR of a very superior quality, by the barrel, gallon or less quantity and at an uncommonly low price by HART & SOUTHGATE. Opposite the State House. ep3w&1andf. August 16.
EDUCATION OF YOUNG LADIES, AT WILLIAMSBURG.
N. B. The course of instruction will recommence, on the 1st October, and no pupils can be engaged after the 15th of that month.
FEMALE Education, which, till lately, was too little attended to, appears now to have become an object universally interesting. In Europe it is not uncommon to consign one half of a young Lady's fortune to useful and ornamental accomplishments; and in our own country also, parents seem rapidly adopting the opinion, that a large portion of the sum they intend for their daughters, may wisely be appropriated to their Education. The idea perhaps is just. What husband does not feel that the intelligence and accomplishments of his wife are of more importance to his happiness and enjoyment, than the addition of a few hundred pounds to his estate? What parent is not sensible that his satisfaction and peace of mind depend directly on that amiable deportment and general good conduct of his daughters, which result from a good education? Nor are these all, nor even the greatest benefits that flow from this fertile source. She, whom the wife and affectionate guardians of her youth have rendered rich in intellectual acquisitions and the elegant arts of personal accomplishment, can never become poor. She possesses a resource of which no vicissitude of fortune can deprive her. She enjoys a patrimony which can neither be exhausted by time, nor diminished by accident; but which, after having proved a refuge from misfortune for the mother, commonly descends in rich inheritance to her children.
Impressed with the truth and importance of these considerations, Mr. and Mrs. Anderson have devoted a large portion of their time and attention to the establishment of a school for the general improvement of young ladies. Having daughters of their own to educate, and viewing that object as the most serious in the arrangements they are making; and they judge from their own feelings, that they render an acceptable service to society, in forming a seminary where polite literature and the arts of personal improvement may be equally cultivated. They frankly own that they have sought less to produce an economical establishment than to render their institution consonant to the wishes of those who desire a good situation for their instruction and accomplishment of their daughters. They have accordingly engaged the assistance of the most eminent instructors in the several branches of female education, and made a liberal provision for every object which might conduce to the success of their undertaking. Their establishment will probably be most acceptable to those who have no disposition to make economy a principal consideration; but it is just to acknowledge, that on this subject they have hitherto experienced from parents the utmost liberality of sentiment.
A regard for the interest and improvement of his native city, and a just attachment to its amiable and excellent society, together with a conviction of its being, for education in general, the most favourable situation of this and the neighbouring southern and western states, induce Mr. Anderson to the following observations. The advantages which Williamsburg at this time possesses with regard to youthful improvement, and the rational enjoyments of social intercourse, unattended with the dissipation incident to large towns, give it a just claim to parental attention. Many individuals, particularly such who have a numerous family to educate, might find it interesting to make it their permanent or temporary residence. Several convenient dwellings may at present be obtained on moderate terms; and as far as relates to Mr. and Mrs. A.'s institution, all charges for tuition shall be made at half price for those young ladies whose parents are induced on their account to reside in town. To those who cannot thus become the immediate guardians of their children, Mr. and Mrs. A. offer (for a certain number of young ladies) a situation under their own roof, where it has been endeavoured to afford every advantage which can render improvement easy, agreeable and certain.
N. B. The young ladies who have obtained permission of absence for a summer visit to their friends, are requested to be punctual in their return by the 1st October. September 15. (ep1m.)
VALUABLE LAND IN LOUISA COUNTY—FOR SALE.
PURSUANT to a deed of Trust, executed by John Bingham, to secure the payment of 200 dollars, interest and charges, due to Yearians Smith, will be sold at Public auction, for ready money, on the 7th October next, at the Eagle Tavern, in the city of Richmond, between 12 and 1 o'clock: A certain TRACT OF LAND, lying in the county of Louisa, on both sides of Reedy Run, adjoining the lands of David Morris and Samuel Hanlon, containing 300 acres, by a late survey.
ROBERT BELL, JOHN DUNSMURE } Trustees. August 30. (tds)
BOLTING CLOTHS.
A COMPLETE assortment of best Dutch Bolting Cloths, just received—for sale by M. & B. MYERS. September 10. (ep1f.)
J. H. FASBENDER, LATELY FROM CHARLESTON, S. C.
RESPECTFULLY informs the citizens of Richmond, and its vicinity, that he has commenced the WATCH-MAKING business, in the house belonging to Mr. Jotham Allen, adjoining Dr. Poindexter's. He not only repairs Watches but makes every part of their composition, and fashions himself from the satisfaction which he gives in Charleston, of which place he was a resident upwards of three years, to obtain that share of public patronage which he will endeavour to merit.
J. H. FASBENDER, has on hand a choice assortment of JEWELLERY, (and daily expects a further supply) which he will sell low for cash. September 6. (ep4w.)
TO MILLERS, OWNERS, AND MANUFACTURERS OF FLOUR.
THE subscriber informs his friends and the public that he has purchased the flag of French Burr pieces from Mr. Thomas Donelson, and has again commenced the making of BURR MILL STONES near the basin of the canal, and opposite to the Hay Scales, where he has a large quantity of materials and expects future constant supplies.
The business will be carried on by the best workmen, and will be constantly attended to by himself. The experience he has had induces him to believe that he will be able to give general satisfaction. He also hopes that his old friends, and the public will again favour him with their commands. Being well acquainted with the manufacturing of flour, he will give the purchasers of stones the best information how to put the stones to work to advantage—and will also advise for those who desire it. Bolting cloths adapted to quality of the Stones. January 1. epf
JOHN MOODY. 13th Sept. (ep4w.)
NOTICE.
A Petition will be presented to the General Assembly of Virginia, at the next session, praying that an act may pass to incorporate a company for the purpose of cutting a Canal on the fourth side of the Falls of James River, or otherwise improving the navigation of the river for the passage of Batteaux; and also for the establishment of a Bank in the town of Manchester. August 13. (epm1.)
BURR MILL STONES, OF ALL SIZES; and PLAISTER OF PARIS, of excellent quality FOR SALE, AS USUAL, BY WILLIAM DAVIDSON, near the Market. [epf.] Dec. 4.
NOTICE.
THE Co-partnership of L. JOSEPH & Co. was dissolved by its limitation on the fourth day of this present month.—They are thankful to a liberal public for the share of patronage they have experienced.
All those who have claims on that firm, will please call on L. Joseph for payment—and all those indebted will please make payment to him. L. JOSEPH, J. B. KEER & NEEDY.
L. JOSEPH, who will continue the business in his own name, informs the public, that on Tuesday and Wednesday the 24th and 25th of the present month; and on Thursday the 26th, also on Tuesday and Wednesday the 8th and 9th, and on Tuesday & Wednesday the 15th and 16th of October, his store will be shut, as on a Saturday, according to the Mosaic institution.—Any other time he will have pleasure in waiting on a liberal public, and solicits a continuance of their favours. L. JOSEPH. Sept. 17. ep3w
NOTICE.
BY virtue of a deed of trust, executed to me by John Kelso, to secure the payment of a debt due by him to John and William Bell, I shall, on the last Saturday in October next, at the house of the said John Kelso, in the upper end of the county of Cumberland, proceed to sell so much of that valuable Farm, containing 550 acres of Land, on which he now lives, (subject to two prior deeds of trust) as will pay the sum due to the said John and William Bell, of about six hundred and fifty pounds, with some interest thereon, for the benefit of John Eppes. CREED TAYLOR, Trustee. Sept. 17. ep4ds
JOHN TOMPKINS,
HAS just received a fresh supply of OLD COGNAC, NICA BRANDY, a part of the same shipment of his former parcel.
Also, a few bds. of ANTIGUA RUM, of good quality. He has on hand, a parcel of BEST FRENCH CAMBRICKS. The whole of which, he offers for sale very low for cash or on a liberal credit. August 16. (14N)
Amberst August Court, 1805.
IN CHANCERY. John Profit, Randolph Profit, Jesse Profit, Rowland Profit, Elizabeth Profit and Nancy Profit, children of David Profit, dec'd, and Duncan Cameron and Molly his wife, late Molly Profit, a daughter of David Profit, dec'd, and David Profit and Austin Profit infant children of Austin Profit, dec'd, who was a son of the said David Profit, dec'd. by John Profit their guardian and next friend. Comp'rs. Against William Jolliff and Sally his wife, Joseph Wilcher and Susanna his wife, and David Profit, which said Sally, Susanna, and David are children of the said David Profit, dec'd. Def's
ON the motion of the complainants by their attorneys, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court, that the defendants Wm. Jolliff and Sally his wife, Joseph Wilcher and Susanna his wife, and David Profit are not inhabitants of this state and without the jurisdiction of this court: It is ordered that the defendants do appear here on the third Monday in November next, and answer the complainant's bill, and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in some public newspaper published within this commonwealth for eight weeks successively, and that another copy be posted at the front door of the court house of this county on some court day. Copy: Yeates, W. S. CRAWFORD, c. c. cur. Sept. 24. ep8w.
STRAYED OR STOLEN.
FROM the subscriber—A light chestnut sorrel MARE, 15 hands high, 4 years old last spring; she has a star in her forehead, and a strip in the nose and on the right hind buttock there is a white spot, a long switch tail with some grey hairs in it. The last account I heard of the mare, she was following a man and woman near Bevil's bridge; the man had on a white hat, a blue coat and a spotted waistcoat, riding a brown horse; the woman had on a blue calico dress and a small green umbrella with fringe round it, riding a bay horse; they both had saddle bags. Any person securing the said mare so that I get her again, shall have Twenty Dollars Reward, and all reasonable charges paid by NATHAN GILBERT, near Winchester. Smithfield, Jefferson county, Sept. 13, 1805.
THE subscriber is authorised to barter (or otherwise dispose of) a very valuable and productive property in the upper country, which is estimated, by the proprietor, to be worth between 30 and 40,000 dollars, but he will be perfectly willing that its cash value shall be adjudged by disinterested men.
Virginia Bank stock will be taken in exchange, and a very liberal price allowed. The above mentioned property is situated in a healthy country, about 120 miles above this place, and within 10 miles of James river. THOMAS NORVELL. August 23. (tf.)
THE BROAD-ROCK FALL RACES
Will commence on Monday, the 7th day of October next. The first day will be run, the greatest and most interesting match race ever run in America, between Mr. John Taylor's horse PEACE MAKER, 5 years old, carrying 118lbs, and Mr. Ball's colt PLORET, 4 years old, carrying 106lbs, running 4 mile heats, for 3,000 dollars. The 2nd day—the Jockey Club Purse of 400 dollars. 4 mile heats. The 3rd day—the Proprietor's Purse of 200 dollars. 3 mile heats, carrying weight for age, agreeable to the rules of the Jockey Club. The money run for each day will be placed in the hands of the judges. There is also to be run, after the great match race, the same day, another match for 200 dollars. a single mile. Wm. BALL, Proprietor of the Field. The usual toll will be collected at the gates each day's racing. Ah persons are requested not to bring their dogs to the field during the races, as they will be shot without respect to the owners. Broad-Rock, September 10, 1805.
THE TREASURER
Of the Broad-Rock Jockey Club takes this method to inform those delinquent members, agreeable to an order of the said Club, that he shall advertise the names of those who fail to pay up their delinquencies to him or to Mr. Wm. Ball, who is authorised to receive the same. He hopes they will be pointed in paying up their subscription on the first day of the Broad-Rock races. THOMAS CHEATHAM, Treasurer. September 10, 1805.
LAND—FOR SALE,
In the county of Lunenburg, lying within one mile of the Court-house, on Couch's creek; this tract contains seven hundred and fifty acres, one hundred and fifty of which is cleared; comfortably improved for the accommodation of a family. This land is well suited to the cultivation of Tobacco, Corn and Wheat. A great bargain may be had in this land. The terms may be made known, by application to Major Grier Green, of Nottoway, who is duly authorized to dispose of it, or the subscriber living on the premises. JOSEPH SMITH. Lunenburg, August 2. (ep1f.)
Printing.
IN ALL ITS VARIETY, EXECUTED AT THE OFFICE of the ENQUIRER.