The enquirer (Richmond, Va.), 1804-12-15 00:00:00

THE ENQUIRER.
RICHMOND, (Virginia) PUBLISHED BY RITCHIE & WORSLEY, OPPOSITE THE POST-OFFICE... AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM... payable in advance.
NUMBER 66.]
SATURDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 15, 1804.
[VOLUME 1.]
CONDITIONS.
 I. The ENQUIRER will appear twice a week... During the session of Congress and the Virginia Legislature, either a third paper or a supplementary half-sheet, during the week.  II. Terms of payment FIVE DOLLARS per annum, in advance.  III. ADVERTISEMENTS, from those who do not subscribe to the paper, should they not exceed a square in length, shall be inserted for seventy-five cents the first time, fifty cents for each time during three weeks, and for every additional insertion thirty-three cents; long ones in the same proportion.  IV. SUBSCRIBERS shall have their advertisements inserted for fifty cents the first time, and thirty-three cents for every additional insertion. 
Auction Sales.
THOMAS TAYLOR & Co.
WILL in future sell at the store occupied by M. W. Hancock & Co. on Wednesdays in each week; and at their office, on Tuesdays and Fridays as usual. Dec. 1, 1804. epif
Sales at Auction.
WILL BE SOLD by the subscribers, at the late dwelling house of D. M. Randolph, Esq. on Friday the 14th inst. a variety of valuable Household and Kitchen FURNITURE; among which are, some fashionable and substantial Plate, lately imported; mahogany tables, side board and basin stands of superior quality; a well assorted collection of the most useful kitchen furniture; sets and parts of sets of table and tea China, &c. &c. &c. Also—A very large superb Carpet, and a very superior Time Piece. Terms of sale—Cash for all sums of 50 dollars and under; over that sum, a credit of 60 and 120 days will be given. The sale will commence at 12 o'clock. In the mean time, ladies and gentlemen are respectfully invited to view the articles; in expectation of which, attendance by the proprietor will be given every morning until 11 o'clock. THOMAS TAYLOR, & Co. Auctioneers. Dec. 5, 1804. (epif)
Sales at Auction.
Will be sold for cash, on Saturday the 15th inst. LOT No. 715, handsomely situated on Shockoe Hill, and adjoining the lot of Mr. John Scott Moore.—The sale will commence at 12 o'clock on the premises. AT PRIVATE SALE. Lot No. 206, in the town of Manchester; for terms apply to THOMAS TAYLOR & Co. V. M's. Dec. 11. (epids)
Sales at Auction.
Will be sold to the highest bidder, on Tuesday the 18th inst. SEVENTEEN PIECES IRISH LINEN, for the benefit of the underwriters. THOMAS TAYLOR, & Co. Auctioneers. December 11, 1804. (ids)
Sales at Auction.
WILL be sold at public auction, for ready money, on Wednesday the 19th day of December next, the HOUSE & LOT near the mouth of Shockoe Creek, at present occupied, by B. J. Harris, and commonly called the Shop. Factory—the title papers may be seen at any time by applying to THOMAS TAYLOR & Co. V. M. Nov. 24. ep ids.
Sales at Auction.
WILL be sold, on Saturday 22nd. inst. at the Eagle Tavern, that handsome HOUSE and LOT on Shockoe, at present occupied by Mr. Benjamin Mosby.—The terms of sale will be 1/3 payable 1st January next—1/3 1st March, and 1/3 1st July—ALSO, TWO new Brick HOUSES on the street near the Canal, and adjoining the property of Mr. M'Kin. Terms of Sale—30 days—Notes negotiable at the Bank of Virginia. Will also be sold at the same time and place: 16372 acres of MILITARY LAND. T. TAYLOR & Co. V. M's. Dec. 11. (epids)
FOR SALE.
BY virtue of a deed of trust, executed to the subscriber by David Gillaspay, Esq. of Albemarle county, to secure the payment of a debt due Brown, Watson and Co. and John Watson, will be exposed to public sale, to the highest bidder for ready money, on Tuesday the first day of January eighteen hundred and five, at M'Credie, Higginbotham and Co's store, ten miles above Charlottesville, the tract of land wherein the said Gillaspay at present resides, containing one hundred and sixty-five acres, be the same more or less. WILLIAM WOOD, Trustee. Albemarle, Dec. 8.—(3w)
FOR SALE.
BY virtue of a Deed of Trust, executed to the subscriber by Walter Watson of Albemarle county, to secure the payment of a debt due Brown, Watson & Co. will be exposed to public sale to the highest bidder for ready money, on Tuesday the first day of January eighteen hundred and five, at M'Credie, Higginbotham & Co's store, ten miles above Charlottesville—The TRACT OF LAND wherein the said Watson at present resides, containing two hundred and sixty-four acres, be the same more or less. GEO. GARRETT, Trustee. Alber. 1, Dec. 8. 3w
NOTICE.
A GENERAL meeting of the Stock-holders will be held at the Bank-House, on the first Monday in January next, for the purpose of electing directors for Richmond, Norfolk, Petersburg, and Fredericksburg; and for other purposes relative to the affairs of the corporation. In order that a list of the share-holders may be exhibited, those persons who have not sent in the receipts granted by the commissioners for receiving subscriptions, are required to transmit them by the day above mentioned, together with the cash their receipts for the second installment, when new stock will be issued, in lieu thereof, by the president. JOHN BROCKENBROUGH, Cashr. Nov. 3. ep12
THIS DAY IS PUBLISHED, AND FOR SALE AT RITCHIE & WORSLEY'S BOOK-STORE:
The Rainbow,
SERIES FIRST; Originally Published in the RICHMOND ENQUIRER.
AN association was formed during the last summer, by a few gentlemen, of whom some are now, and others have been, inhabitants of this city, for the purpose of composing a series of Miscellaneous Essays for the Richmond Enquirer. These Essays were regularly published every Sunday, during the months of August, September, and October. The first number appeared on the 11th of August, and the last on the 20th of October. These numbers, taken together in the order in which they were published, will constitute the first series of the Rainbow; and it is this first series which is now presented by the proprietors of the Enquirer to the amateurs of Literature, and to its patrons in Virginia. The second series will probably be communicated to the public in the present form, as soon as it shall be completed by the members of the association. Richmond, Dec. 11th, 1804.
PHILADELPHIA BOTTLED PORTER.
ORDERS forwarded to the subscribers (if accompanied with cash) will be promptly complied with for the above article, put up by experienced bottlers, under their particular direction, at the rate of one dollar eighty-seven and an half cents per dozen, bottles included. ISAAC MORRIS, & Co. Brewers, Pear-Street, Philadelphia. 12th mo. 13. (4t)
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD.
RAN away from the subscriber, on the tenth of last June, a negro man named JOE—about twenty four or five years of age, is about six feet high, of a bright complexion, is cross eyed, and has several of his fore teeth rotted off even with the gums; he was formerly the property of capt. Ben. Johnson of Henrico, then the property of capt. Josiah Leek of Goochland, who sold him to Daniel Williams of Charlotte county. I expect he is lurking about Richmond, or in the neighbourhood of capt. B. Johnson. Any person who will apprehend the said negro, and deliver him to me, or secure him in any jail so that I get him, shall receive the above reward. RICHARD GAINES. Charlotte county, Dec. 8, 1804. (ctS:1)
TEN DOLLARS REWARD.
RUN away from the subscriber, on Tuesday the 27th September, a very likely negro man by the name of TOM, sometimes he calls himself Tom Smith, and at other times Smith—he is about 5 feet 7 or 8 inches high, he generally wears a brown broadcloth coat, a swansdown waistcoat, brown corduroy pantaloons, and flit ruffled at the bottom, though he may change his dress, as he has a variety of clothes. He is a black, sleek, likely, well made fellow, with a very good set of white teeth, and as well as a Tremont, has a small scar on one side of his face, looks like it was the stroke of a whip; he is a proud, artful, cunning fellow, and has a very smooth dissembling tongue. Any person that will bring him home to me, living in Eliez county, shall receive Ten Dollars reward, if taken out of the county, and if taken in the county, Six. All masters of vessels and others are hereby forewarned from harbouring or carrying the said negro away. W. GATEWOOD. Effex, Nov. 20, 1804. (ctB:2)
FIFTY DOLLARS REWARD.
WILL be paid to any person who will deliver to the subscriber in this city, a runaway Negro Boy, named CLAIBORNE, about 17 years of age. He has a long and full countenance, small legs, is round shouldered, his colour is between black and Mulatto. He has been always employed as a house servant, and does not understand any other kind of business. He had a great variety of wearing apparel, all of excellent quality, much better than is usually given to servants. There is great reason to believe that he has been decoyed or inveigled away by the master of a northern trading vessel, and it is probable he will endeavour to go to Norfolk or Hampton for the purpose of getting on board; and as he is well acquainted on the stage road, and has very good address, he will probably pass for a free man. THOMAS GILLIAT. December 13th. cp
THOMAS COURTNEY—TAYLOR:
VERY respectfully begs permission to acquaint the public, that he still continues to occupy the house on the Main-Street opposite the Bank, and immediately above Mr. Davis's Printing-Office. He tenders his most grateful acknowledgments to those gentlemen who have been so obliging as to favor him with their custom; and assures them and the public generally, that no exertion shall be wanting to ensure a continuance of patronage. Two or three good workmen would meet with employment by applying as above; and a couple of active lads are wanting as apprentices. Dec. 1. epif
Insurance against Fire.
Phoenix Fire Office, London, May 1, 1804.
THE numerous and destructive Fires which have happened within the period of two years last, in different parts of Europe and America, (more particularly in the towns of Liverpool in England, Gottenburg in Sweden, and Norfolk in Virginia) render it proper to remind all persons who possess property in the United States of America of the utility of insurance.
The Phoenix Office of London, is an institution sufficiently paid, in consequence of the extensive conflagrations in the cities and towns of America to such fullers ashaved had the prudence to protect their property, by insurance.—The Phoenix Company deeply regret that, owing to the expense of foreign and continued losses, upon the buildings and stores in the timber towns, no alteration nor remission on such risks can be made at present—but the Directors hope from the increase of brick and stone buildings, and other improvements of security, that the period is not far distant, when they will be able generally, to mitigate the rates of insurance in North America; and they confidently presume that the promptitude and honor with which they have uniformly fulfilled their extensive engagements, have unequivocally established the solidity, credit, and good faith of the Company. The Phoenix Company grant insurances upon buildings, goods and ships, whilst in dock, or in harbor, from loss or damage by fire, upon the most moderate and equitable terms; and persons desirous of securing their property by policies from this company, are requested to transmit their orders to their correspondents in Great Britain. Nov. 3. ep12
CHOICE LANDS—FOR SALE.
A DIVISION of the famous Saura Town Lands having taken place between the heirs of James Fark Parley, Esq. dec'd. and Col. John S. Farley and his sister Mrs. Elizabeth Morton, the subscribers, Robert Taylor of Norfolk, and Charles Duncan at Rossin, near Petersburg, are fully empowered by the said Col. Farley and Mrs. Morton, to dispose of their proportion, containing 12,832 acres, which are surveyed and laid off in eight lots, containing from 500 to 2800 acres, agreeable to plots in the possession of the said Duncan. The four largest lots are of excellent quality, each containing a considerable proportion of the richest soil, which produce tobacco of the very first quality, as has been experienced by one of the subscribers, who stopped it for a number of years. These lands lie on Dan and Smith's rivers, in Rockingham county, on the borders of North Carolina, about 170 miles from Petersburg and Richmond. As there are seldom such lands for sale, they must be an object to those who want to purchase such as will produce fine tobacco, hemp and small grain. One third of the price must be paid in ready money, one third in twelve months, and the other third in two years, the purchaser giving bond with unexceptionable security bearing interest from the date if not punctually paid. Those who wish to purchase will be shown the lands by Doctor John C. Cox, living at Leekville, near Rockingham Court-House, and the terms made known by ROBERT TAYLOR, or CHARLES DUNCAN. Peterburg, Nov. 24. epif
THREE DWELLING HOUSES TO BE RENTED.
ONE situate at the foot of Adams' hill, and but a small distance from the Maitons Hall, lately occupied by Mr. Thomas Underwood; on this lot there is a very good and well enclosed garden, a well of excellent water and other conveniences. One other situate in the alley between the street leading to Shockoe warehouse, and that leading to Mayo's Bridge, lately occupied by Mr. John Robins. The other situate in the back street near Harris's Tobacco-manufactory, and the Rock landing—Having a large garden well enclosed, and at present occupied by Mr. Henry Tompkins. Possession of the two first described may be had immediately, and of the other on the first of January next. Apply to JOSEPH GALLEGO. A light Coach, nearly new, with plated mounted harness, complete for two horses. 18th October. (epif)
Foreign Intelligence.
Continuation of foreign articles, by the Ship Isabella, arrived at Charleston.
LONDON, Sept. 27.
On further inquiries respecting the gallant Lieut. Wright, we have understood, that he has been liberated, not as a prisoner of war, but as a State Criminal or too had a character to be kept in Paris, lest his principles should contaminate the virtuous Keepers of his prison. The fact is, that the infamous and unprecedented treatment of this brave officer was disgusting to the whole nation of France, and that it was whispered to the Arab-fondit might be advisable to release him; which he has thought fit to do in the ungracious manner above-mentioned. September 28.
If the French are on the alert on the western shores of the Adriatic, the Russians are no less so on the eastern side. Their military possession is no longer confined to Corfu, and it appears that they have thrown the superfluous of their force into Zante, Cephalonia, and other principal possessions in the republic of the Seven Islands. On the 11th of this month, 28 barrels of bullion were conveyed from Copenhagen to Elsinore, in 29 waggons, and delivered to the British consul there, who sent them on board an English armed ship, for the United East India Company, &c. This silver, in bars, to the value of 200,000. sterling, had been sent from Hamburg by the house of Thornton & Power.
LONDON, Sept. 27.
There is a great exportation of Corn from Hamburg to Spain. Our Journals state, that orders have been received from Paris by the General in Chief in Upper Italy, to place French garrisons in the Papal harbours, of Ancona and Civita Vecchia, to secure them against any possible attack. Naples, Aug. 28. The 15,000 French troops which are distributed in Puglia, along the coast of the Adriatic, will, it is said, be reinforced by a whole division from Upper Italy. An English ship of war, of 74 guns, lies at Castel-A-Mare, ready to take on board the English Envoy, Mr. Elliot, and the English Merchants here, should political circumstances require it. The Ex-Minister, M. Acton, resides on his estates in Sicily. Stuttgart, Sept. 8.
STUTTGARD, Sept. 8.
The friendly communications so long carried on between the Cabinet of Petersburg and several Princes of the Empire, have been suddenly discontinued. This circumstance is imputed to the late refusal of the Diet of Ratisbon to follow the instructions of the Russian Minister, relative to the French seizure of the Duke of Enghein.
PARIS, Sept. 15.
We have heard from travellers coming from different communes round Nantes, that the alarm bells have never ceased to sound for the several days past, as a warning to the inhabitants to save their harvest, vines, cattle, &c. from a threatening destruction, by the sudden and unexpected overflow of the river Loire, which, for the last week, has regularly every day risen several feet above the usual banks. The damage done is very considerable, particularly to the vineyards. Several bridges have been carried away by the rapidity and strength of its current; and, we apprehend, that many lives have been lost, as the bodies of men, women, and children, have been seen floating upon its waters, together with the carcasses of cattle, household furniture, &c. Since the summer which preceded the cold winter of 1709, this river has not, at the present season of the year, so violently overflowed to banks.
LATELY, nearly arrived at the inhabitants of the village of St. Nicolas, 15 leagues from Munich, were alarmed by a noise resembling the discharge of a battery.
The sky was darkened, and a whirling in the air was very perceptible. In a moment a mass fell upon an adjacent barn. On examination, the roof was broken in where the blow was received, and a strong matter was discovered of a sulphureous smell above the ordinary temperature. Its weight was about three pounds four ounces. The great prize of 200,000 mares in the Hamburg Lottery, was won last week by the Swedish Consul resident in that city. According to letters from Porto Ferrajo, it looks as if an attack either from the English or Russian forces was expected on that place. The new fortifications are nearly finished, and the greatest activity prevails every where in fortifying different vulnerable points of the Isle d'Elba. The place has received a reinforcement of 4000 men, and provisions sufficient to sustain an attack on a blockade of 15 months. The artillery on the ramparts have been augmented with 30 pieces of heavy metal, and 12 new batteries have been erected, containing together fifty six pounders. As government has reason to suspect the loyalty of the inhabitants, on account of their known attachment to the English, several of the principal among them have been transported to France, where they will remain confined until a general peace, and serve as hostages for the fidelity of their countrymen. Besides these defensive measures, numerous detachments of French gunners are distributed in different points of the coast, to defend them against any attempts or landing of English privateers, which swarm along the shores of Italy.
Continuation of Foreign Intelligence, by the ship Thomas Wilson, from London arrived at Norfolk.
LONDON, October 13.
That the differences with Russia will be adjusted without an appeal to arms, we cannot believe; because we cannot believe that Russia will recede from the demands she has urged with such decision, and because we know that with the greater part, if not with all those demands, Bonaparte has positively refused compliance. But we can easily see the reasons that have induced the Paris papers to encourage the idea of an adjustment of the differences.—The Government wish to avoid every thing that may diminish the rejoicings, or dim the lustre of the Imperial coronation; but to our great surprise, the Paris letters state, that the preparations for the coronation will not be completed by the 9th of November.—Is it meant to defer the ceremony?—The Pope has been taken suddenly ill. Bonaparte means, perhaps, to postpone his coronation till his recovery. Is the Pope's illness a political one, and does he wish to avoid the degradation of being ordered to Paris to crown an Usurper, and an Assassin!—If Bonaparte suspects that to be the case, he will find him a physician who will soon ease him of all his cares, and make way for another Pope of a less scrupulous disposition—perhaps the Cardinal Maury.—The Sacred College may rely upon it, that Bonaparte will have a Pope to crown him. The Dutch papers to the 15th, which arrived last night, do not mention any thing of the intended confiscation of British produce. But letters of the 13th positively state, that it was intended to confiscate all British Colonial produce, as well as manufactures; and that a portion of French troops had been established, for the purpose of preventing the introduction of either one or the other, or of British property of any kind into the Republic. Courier.
CONSTANTINOPLE, August 31.
The violation of treaties which our Government permits, in allowing Russian ships of war to pass the Bosphorus, with the troops which that nation successfully sends to the ancient Venetian Islands, and the disturbances which have already taken place in the Morea, do not claim the whole of our attention. Profiting by the ascendancy she has already acquired, Russia marches from us almost all our commerce, and our ships now navigate in the Archipelago under Russian colors. We perceive all this, but can apply no remedy.—The situation of Wallachia and Moldavia is not less the object of our inquiries. These provinces, which may be considered as the same country, have lately acquired much importance in the politics of Oriental Europe. Since the partition of Poland, these countries have become the principal frontier of Turkey with respect to Russia, as they formerly were with respect to Austria. The conquest of the Crimea and Turkish possessions on the Black Sea, joined to the distracted state of Egypt, render the agricultural productions of Wallachia and Moldavia indispensable for the provisioning of Constantinople. It is obvious, however, from the situation of these provinces external and internal, that their future is planned, and may be accomplished by the slightest crisis. Since the year 1772, Russia has either openly claimed the possession of these two provinces, or insisted upon their independence. By treaties concluded between the Porte and Russia, the Turkish Government engages not to disturb the exercise of the Greek religion in these provinces; to allow rank to the Ecclesiastics of that Church; to allow the Prince of Wallachia and the Prince of Moldavia to have each a Minister residing at Constantinople, and considered as enjoying the respects due to that character by the rights of nations, &c. Austria is not precisely in this aggressive attitude. In 1774, however, she obtained, through the interested complaisance of Russia, and the submission of the Turks, a portion of Moldavia (Bukovina.) This cession rendered her mistress of the territory embraced by Syretie, the natural barrier of the two empires. Thus the tide of spoliation flows rapidly on the Ottoman empire, and that power, which is, as it were, already submerged by the always increasing civilization of the adjacent States, may disappear in a moment from the political world. The internal situation of these provinces shews the anxiety of Russia to insinuate herself into their administration; but the devotion of their princes to the views of that power has not solely for its object the paving the way for her ambition. The two Moscovites take care to have the means of informing the Ottoman ministry of all the political events of Europe. There is no point on which they have not agents. They receive the principal gazettes, from which they make extracts, which are translated into the Turkish language, and dispatched to Constantinople. This correspondence employs four or five couriers a month. It would be difficult to form an idea of the care which the Hospodars take to be informed of every thing, and to communicate their information on promptly to the Turkish ministry. This forms their principal recommendation to the Porte. It will be recollected that on the death of Catherine II. the Porte received intelligence of that event five days before the Russian ambassador; and that it was the Prince of Moldavia who sent the account.—It is easy to perceive that the princes, by means of their correspondence, and their secret communications with persons at Constantinople, acquired an influence over the opinion and the determinations of the Divan; and that Russia, by making the power with which the Turkish government disposes of these princes re-act upon itself, increases and consolidates her ascendancy, and eternizes the state of dependency in which she holds the Ottoman Porte. The Russian Consul gen. at Jassy is another instrument by means of which his government extends over those provinces its bonds of sovereignty. The Consul erects him into a power of the state. The number of persons he protects are more than 4000, among whom the Russian subjects form but a very small number. By one of the articles of the last treaty, the inhabitants had the power, during fifteen months, of removing and placing themselves under the Russian government. Advantage was taken of this circumstance to seduce all the Rajahs of any importance, and even some of the Boyards. After the expiration of so long a period, the acquisition of new subjects was not renounced. It is sufficient that the Rajahs pass into one of the towns of Russian Poland, and assume there a Russian title, to enable them, on their return, to place themselves under the protection of the consul general, without any opposition or observation on the part of the prince. All the principal merchants are under the Russian protection, which they always solicit, on account of the obsequious deference paid to the agent of that power, and the favour which those enjoy who trade under his sanction. The inferior merchants, who are not directly protected by the Russian minister, attach themselves to the principal merchants, in consequence of which, they receive Russian passports, and complete protection. According to advices from Alexandria, of the 29th of June, the Mamelukes, under the command of Osman Bey Bardisi, have been already three times victorious over the Arnauts, but not in so decisive a manner as to open them a way to Cairo. The Wechabies remain in undisturbed possession of Mecca and Medina. The Porte has signified to the French ambassador its wish, that before it acknowledges the French imperial dignity, some acknowledgment may be made by the Russian and English Courts.
FROM RUSSIA.
BOSTON, Nov. 30.
Capt. Oakes, who arrived yesterday from St. Petersburg, Russia, informs, that a fleet of six ships of the line was fitting out, which was intended to be destined for the Mediterranean; that the squadron which had lately been in the North Sea had passed the Sound on its return; that there were reports that a war was expected between Russia and France, and they occasioned little conversation. At Elsinore, Capt. Oakes heard, that a difference subsisted between Sweden and France; but nothing was said as to the consequences which were expected to follow from it.
Domestic Intelligence.
PENNSYLVANIA.
LANCASTER, DECEMBER 7.
GOVERNOR'S ADDRESS.
Yesterday at noon, his Excellency the Governor of Pennsylvania delivered in the Chamber of the House of Representatives the following Address to both branches of the Legislature.
Gentlemen of the Senate and
Gentlemen of the House of Representatives,
The constitution of the state by directing an annual session of the legislature, recognizes the policy of frequent enquiries into the operation of the existing system of our laws, and into the means suggested by experience for promoting the welfare of the community.
It is our lot however, under the auspices of a beneficent providence to find that whether we view what has been done, or consider what remains to do, there is little to lament in the past, or to apprehend from the future.
As a member of the Union, Pennsylvania eminently participates in the estimation which the American character has attained abroad, and in the prosperity which the national government has produced at home.
As a distinct commonwealth her institutes offer ample encouragement to virtue and industry; afford perfect security to person and property; exact from her magistrates the essential qualifications of probity and wisdom; and confer upon her citizens the inestimable blessings of liberty and order.
This fine practical development of the principles of our revolution, every republican must contemplate with gratitude and delight; every patriot will be loquacious to preserve and perpetuate.
The successful labours of your predecessors having thus, gentlemen, matured the subjects, and diminished the cares of legislation, it is our less arduous, though important task to guard with vigilance, prudence and fortitude the palladium of our political and social happiness.
The necessities of an expanding population, the varying influence of external commerce, the gradual accumulation of internal wealth, and in short the inevitable vicissitude of human affairs, will forever claim from the guardians of the public weal a pure and zealous attention.
The good works of our ancestors should not be suffered to moulder into decay. The imperfections of our legal code should be amended with a respectful though ready hand. The charms of novelty should not be permitted to far to fascinate us to give to mere innovation the semblance of reform.
And in transferring the business of ages, in framing laws for posterity as well as for ourselves, we disregard the precepts of wisdom, interest and honor unless we dismiss the defolatory passions and prejudices of the day.
Under just impressions of public duty I am confident, gentlemen, you are now assembled, and in obedience to a constitutional injunction I proceed to communicate more particularly such information of the state of the commonwealth as appears to merit a place in your deliberations.
The addition to which Philadelphia has been recently exposed naturally excited a sympathetic interest at the opening of every legislative session for several years; and therefore I derive peculiar pleasure from the present opportunity to announce that the health of our commercial capital has been uninterrupted by any specific calamity during the late summer and autumn.
The occupation and firmness of the board of health have unobtrusively contributed in

great degree to prevent and repel the approaches of disease; and the plans of the board which are still in operation will, it is hoped, justify at a period not very distant, (at least as soon as the wars of the nation, with whom we trade shall terminate) a relaxation in the rigor of the existing law of quarantine. In the mean time a prompt and uniform acquiescence in so far as is necessary a restraint upon commerce affords an additional proof of the public spirit of our merchants.
The commission which issued under authority of an act of the general assembly to settle the claims of property and commutation within the seventeen townships of Luzerne county will soon be brought to a fair, a satisfactory, and a salutary conclusion. The reasons which lead to that conciliatory course of proceeding do not however, exist in the case of the lawless attempts throughout the neighbouring county under a spurious title, to seize the soil, and brave the authority of the state. It has indeed been intimated that a returning sense of honesty and duty promises to supersede the obligation of enforcing in that quarter obedience to the law by the power of the government; but if this hope is not speedily realized, a final again but the subject on your attention, least a long forbearance should be deemed a dereliction of the right, or an acknowledgement of the imbecility of the commonwealth.
During your recess I have transferred the sum of three hundred thousand dollars of the six per cent stock of the United States the property of this state, to the Philadelphia Bank, in conformity to the act of the fifth of March last. Fifteen field pieces of brass have been purchased for the militia; and generally the duties devolved upon the Executive magistrate by acts of the legislature have been punctiliously performed.
A communication from the Governor of Massachusetts transmitting a legislative proposition for an amendment to the constitution of the United States; and a communication from the Governor of the State of Kentucky relative to the improvement of the navigation of the river Ohio, have been received by me, and will be presented for your consideration.
There are many other subjects upon the journals of the two houses that will undoubtedly engage your attention, but it is incumbent on me to entreat the most favorable interposition of your authority for those cardinal institutions (I mean the courts and the militia) from which principally result the happiness and the independence of the people. It is impossible to add to the sense, or to my former declarations of the sense that I feel of the necessity to invigorate the administration of justice by a radical change in the organization of the county courts; by an immediate augmentation of the number of the judges of the supreme court; and by a consequent abolition of the high court of errors and appeals. While these improvements are wanting it is unjust to ascribe to any other cause the embarrassment or the clamor of suitors, the delay or the oppression of the laws.
Of the conduct of the militia it would be ungrateful to speak in any terms but those of respect and praise. Exertions more spirited and efficient could not be displayed by individuals aware of the importance of their services, and anxious to merit the confidence of their country. I am persuaded, indeed, that with an adequate pecuniary aid from the public treasury to furnish the necessary equipments and implements of war, Pennsylvania will be ready on every emergency to support the standard of the union with her full quota of armed and disciplined freemen. I will only add on this subject that it rests with you to comply with the requisitions of the act of congress passed the second day of March, 1802.
The act for the inspection of butter exported from the river Delaware is now in successful operation. Permit me to suggest the propriety of subjecting Lard to the like inspection, and of extending the law to the river Ohio.
Gentlemen of the House of Representatives.
The proper officers have been directed to exhibit to the legislature an estimate of the expenses that will be incurred in the course of the current year, to maintain the government, and to meet the public engagements; particularly in relation to the compromise with the Pennsylvania patentees of land in the seventeen townships of Luzerne county; and I am happy to inform you that from a comparative view of those expenses, with the product of our present revenues, it will appear that no auxiliary fund will be necessary.
Gentlemen of the Senate, and
Gentlemen of the House of Representatives.
In manifesting the gratitude we feel for the prosperous condition of our public affairs, nothing can be more acceptable to divine providence; nothing more beneficial to our country; nothing more honorable to ourselves, than the cultivation of "peace on earth and good will towards men." In the compleat possession of civil and religious liberty as a community, and entitled to equal rights of opinion and of action as individuals, we can only endanger or impair the enjoyment of such advantages by indulging petty jealousies, dissensions and feuds. At this period of republican triumph and splendor, a rational mind can hardly indeed conceive a motive for discontent or animosity: though it trembles at the probable consequences of diffused and dilution (by whatever cause produced) among the genuine friends of American independence.
Elevated however, gentlemen, as you are by popular confidence to a station of high trust and responsibility, our fellow-citizens justify hope from our wisdom, not only a faithful performance of the ordinary task of legislation, but a parental influence to inculcate by precept and example, the principles of mutual deference and respect; so that social and political concord may be permanently established upon the basis of a common interest. In this and in every other work that you shall undertake for the public good, be assured of my respectful and zealous co-operation.
Lancaster, Dec. 1802.
Congress.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
Debate in committee of the whole, on the impeachment of JUDGE CHASE.
Tuesday, Dec. 4.
Mr. Varnum in the Chair.
The House proceeded to consider the report of the committee of the whole made yesterday, on the articles of impeachment against Samuel Chase. Mr. Rodney had not been convinced of the necessity or propriety of the amendments adopted yesterday in committee of the whole. For his part he was inclined to believe the articles for every material purpose correct as they first stood. It will be remembered that in cases of impeachment by a legislative body we are not tied down to those forms and that technical precision, which in courts of law are so essential. The maxim is that they may express themselves in the common language of the country, in common parlance, or loquendo ut vulgus as it is stated in the books. Therefore the words on the trial of a person include every relative to the trial, it is so laid down by Lord Hale, and he is followed in the opinion by all the able writers who have treated on this subject to the present day. All arrangements previous to the testimony, and argument, are as much a part of the trial as the arguments of counsel. So that were even technical phraseology required on this occasion, the language of the articles comes on it in this particular. He hoped the House would refuse its concurrence to the amendments reported from the committee of the whole.
On the question for concurring with the committee, it passed in the negative, so that article the first remains unaltered, and the like fate attended the amendment proposed to article 4th.
Mr. Nicholson meant to require that the yeas and nays be taken upon each article separately.
Mr. R. Griswold would cheerfully join in the call as he wished to record his vote against every part of this very extraordinary proceeding.
The first article before the House.
Mr. Lucas wished to ask if it would be at this time in order to propose an amendment to the first article. He was informed by the Speaker that such a motion was in order. He thereupon proceeded to move to strike out what related to the conduct of Judge Chase, in saying "to the disgrace of the character of the American bench." He moved this amendment from an impression that the improper conduct of one judge could not be a reflection upon the proper conduct of another judge. If he was one he should not consider himself disgraced because his colleague had acted improperly—if then one cannot be disgraced by another, much less can the whole be disgraced by the improper conduct of one. The word bench extends to the whole courts of the United States. He did not like either to use a figurative word for a legal one, such as the word bench for court; he did not rely much upon this, but he thought it serious a matter as that of impeachment ought to be cautiously expressed. Should judge Chase be convicted on this impeachment, he will be disgraced, but that disgrace will entirely rest upon his own head. He trusted that if his motion succeeded, there would still remain enough in the charge to make him highly reprehensible, if found guilty; for it is stated that his conduct was in manifest violation of law and justice, and in open contempt of the rights of juries.
Mr. Eliza was pleased with the ingenuity of the gentleman, but he hoped the motion would not prevail, and observed that if they were to have a discussion on every rhetorical flourish, on every trope or figure introduced in the report, they would not get through the business in an age. But the objection against the word bench did not apply, for he considered it one of the most chaste in the whole composition.
On the question the amendment was not carried.
The question on agreeing to the first articles was taken by Ayes and Noes, which are as follows:
YEAS.—Messrs. Alston, jun. Anderson, Archer, Bard, Bedinger, Bishop, Blackledge, Boyd, Boyle, Brown, Bryan, Butler, G. W. Campbell, Caley, Claiborne, Clark, J. Clay, M. Clay, Conrad, Crowninshield, Cutts, Dawson, Earle, Early, Elmer, Eppes, Findley, Gillespie, Goodwyn, Gray, Gregg, Haisbrouck, Heister, Holland, Holmes, Jackson, Jones, Kennedy, Knight, Larned, Leib, Lucas, M'Cord, Meriwether, N. R. Moore, T. Moore, Morrow, Mott, Nelson, New, Newton, jun. Nicholson, Olin, Palmer, Patterson, J. Randolph, T. M. Randolph, J. Rea (of Penn.) R. Rhea (of Ten.) Riker, Root, Sammons, Sandford, Seaver, Sloan, Smilie, Southard, Stanford, Stanton, Thomas, Thompson, Trigg, Van Horne, Varnum, Whitehill, Williams, Wilson, Winn, Winton, and Wynns. 82.
NAYS.—Messrs. Baldwin, Betton, J. Campbell, Chamberlin, Chittenden, Claggett, Cutler, Dana, Davenport, Dwight, Elliott, Goddard, Griffin, G. Griswold, R. Griswold, Hastings, Hough, Hunt, Lewis, jun. Livingston, Lowndes, Mitchell, Plater, Purviance, J. C. Smith, J. Smith, Stedman, Stephenson, Taggart, Tallmage, Tenney, Thatcher, Tibbitts, and Wadsworth. 84.
The question on agreeing to the second article was taken by Ayes and Noes, and are as follows:
YEAS.—Messrs. Alston, jun. Anderson, Archer, Bard, Bedinger, Bishop, Blackledge, Boyd, Boyle, Brown, Bryan, Butler, G. W. Campbell, Caley, Claiborne, Clark, J. Clay, M. Clay, Conrad, Crowninshield, Cutts, Dawson, Dickson, Earle, Early, Elmer, Eppes, Findley, Gillespie, Goodwyn, Gray, Gregg, Haisbrouck, Heister, Holland, Holmes, Jackson, Jones, Kennedy, Knight, Larned, Leib, Lucas, M'Cord, Meriwether, N. R. Moore, T. Moore, Morrow, Nelson, New, Newton, jun. Nicholson, Olin, Palmer, Patterson, J. Randolph, T. M. Randolph, J. Rea (of Penn.) R. Rhea (of Ten.) Riker, Root, Sammons, Sandford, Seaver, Sloan, Smilie, Southard, Stanford, Stanton, Stewart, Thomas, Thompson, Trigg, Van Horne, Varnum, Whitehill, Williams, Wilson, Winn, Winton, and Wynns. 83.
NAYS.—Messrs. Baldwin, Betton, J. Campbell, Chamberlin, Chittenden, Claggett, Cutler, Dana, Davenport, Dwight, Elliott, Goddard, Griffin, G. Griswold, R. Griswold, Hastings, Hough, Hunt, Lewis, jun. Livingston, Lowndes, Mitchell, Plater, Purviance, J. C. Smith, J. Smith, Stedman, Stephenson, Taggart, Tallmage, Tenney, Thatcher, Tibbitts, and Wadsworth. 85.
The question on agreeing to the third article was taken by Ayes and Noes, and are as follows:
YEAS.—Messrs. Alston, jun. Anderson, Archer, Bard, Bedinger, Bishop, Blackledge, Boyd, Boyle, Brown, Bryan, Butler, G. W. Campbell, Caley, Claiborne, Clark, J. Clay, M. Clay, Conrad, Crowninshield, Cutts, Dawson, Dickson, Earle, Early, Elmer, Eppes, Findley, Gillespie, Goodwyn, Gray, Gregg, Haisbrouck, Heister, Holland, Holmes, Jackson, Jones, Kennedy, Knight, Larned, Leib, Lucas, M'Cord, Meriwether, N. R. Moore, T. Moore, Morrow, Mott, Nelson, New, Newton, jun. Nicholson, Olin, Palmer, J. Randolph, T. M. Randolph, J. Rea (of Penn.) R. Rhea (of Ten.) Riker, Rodney, Root, Sammons, Sandford, Seaver, Sloan, Smilie, Southard, Stanford, Stanton, Stewart, Thomas, Thompson, Trigg, Van Horne, Varnum, Whitehill, Williams, Wilson, Winn, Winton, and Wynns. 83.
NAYS.—Messrs. Baldwin, Betton, J. Campbell, Chamberlin, Chittenden, Claggett, Cutler, Dana, Davenport, Dwight, Elliott, Goddard, Griffin, G. Griswold, R. Griswold, Hastings, Hough, Hunt, Lewis, jun. Livingston, Lowndes, Mitchell, Plater, Purviance, J. C. Smith, J. Smith, Stedman, Stephenson, Taggart, Tallmage, Tenney, Thatcher, Tibbitts, and Wadsworth. 84.
The fourth article being under consideration.
Mr. Elmer was not satisfied with that part of the article which charges the judge with criminal conduct in his choice of words in conflicting with the prisoner's counsel; the expressions on both sides might have been unusual and rude, for from the statement of the trial it appears that there was some considerable altercation, and he could not see from the evidence how far the conduct of the counsel for the prisoner was correct; perhaps they might have furnished some cause for reprehension or have excited such a sentiment in the mind of the judge. The other parts of the article he considered of the highest moment, and should give them his hearty approbation.
Mr. J. Randolph observed to the gentleman that he might attain this object by moving to strike out the words he disliked.
Mr. Elmer believed he could reach his object in that way, and thereupon moved to strike out the third and 4th sections of the article.
Mr. Jackson hoped the gentleman would not persist in his motion, and requested him to cast his eye over the 5th article of the amendment to the constitution, where he would find that the accused person has a right secured to him on his trial to be assisted by counsel in his defence. If the counsel are deterred from rendering that assistance by the rude and insolent conduct of a judge, such judges may say peremptorily that counsel shall not be heard. It is the same thing in the end, and whenever way it is brought about it is a heinous crime on the part of the judge, who may in this way become paramount to both the law and the constitution if such things are permitted with impunity. In the present case he deemed the third and fourth sections to be of importance, and trusted that if the mover persisted, he would be defeated.
Mr. Elmer acknowledged that industriously every man had a right to be heard by counsel in his defence, but a conditional declaration on that point did not go to authorise counsel to insult the court; he did not go what was the aggravation or who gave it, but he observed in the testimony that much altercation had taken place between them.
Mr. Jackson called for the reading of Mr. Hay's testimony already quoted in committee of the whole—it was read again.
Mr. J. Randolph hoped the House would not agree to strike out the paragraphs in question. To those gentlemen of the House who have the pleasure of knowing Mr. Hay, it will be deemed sufficient that he had made the statement just read, in order to be fully impressed with its truth. To those gentlemen who are not acquainted with him, an additional reason may be given for its truth. The fact is, that the conduct of the judge on the occasion stated in the articles, was such as to excite universal indignation throughout Virginia, and it is believed throughout the United States. To allay this irritation and de-
pend the judge's conduct, it has been supposed that the trial of Callender was published, but the motives for publication what they may, it is a matter of great notoriety, that the gentleman who reported it, was a violent political partisan for the party then in power; and it was generally understood that the printed report of the cause tended to lessen the public feelings which had been excited against the judge by the relation of those who had been present at the trial! and on the point of treating the counsel rudely and contemptuously, it ought to be noticed that the reporter acknowledges he was not present on the fifth day of the trial. That it was not an unfavourable detail of judge Chase's conduct might be inferred from this circumstance, that the committee sent for this testimony, on the suggestion of a gentleman from Connecticut. But even this report of the trial establishes beyond a doubt all the allegations in the part moved to be stricken out; and when you recollect the time it was published, and the appearances at that time it cannot be supposed it was meant to criminate him. No; it was meant to relieve him from popular odium. Mr. Wirt, one of the counsel, on addressing the court, was interrupted by judge Chase in these words, "take your seat, sir, if you please." Is this the usual language from the bench to the bar? Let the clerk read that account of the trial, and you will find it a tissue of damning evidence of every fact set forth in the article.
The question on the amendment was taken and lost.
The question was taken on the 4th article by yeas and nays, and are as follows:
YEAS.—Messrs. Alston, jun. Anderson, Archer, Bard, Bedinger, Bishop, Blackledge, Boyd, Boyle, Brown, Bryan, Butler, G. W. Campbell, Caley, Claiborne, Clark, J. Clay, M. Clay, Conrad, Crowninshield, Cutts, Dawson, Dickson, Earle, Early, Elmer, Eppes, Findley, Gillespie, Goodwyn, Gray, Gregg, Haisbrouck, Heister, Holland, Holmes, Jackson, Jones, Kennedy, Knight, Larned, Leib, Lucas, M'Cord, Meriwether, N. R. Moore, T. Moore, Morrow, Mott, Nelson, New, Newton, jun. Nicholson, Olin, Palmer, Patterson, J. Randolph, T. M. Randolph, J. Rea (of Penn.) R. Rhea (of Ten.) Riker, Rodney, Root, Sammons, Sandford, Seaver, Sloan, Smilie, Southard, Stanford, Stanton, Stewart, Thomas, Thompson, Trigg, Van Horne, Varnum, Whitehill, Williams, Wilson, Winn, Winton, and Wynns. 84.
NAYS.—Messrs. Baldwin, Betton, J. Campbell, Chamberlin, Chittenden, Claggett, Cutler, Dana, Davenport, Dwight, Elliott, Goddard, Griffin, G. Griswold, R. Griswold, Hastings, Hough, Hunt, Lewis, jun. Livingston, Lowndes, Mitchell, Plater, Purviance, J. C. Smith, J. Smith, Stedman, Stephenson, Taggart, Tallmage, Tenney, Thatcher, Tibbitts, and Wadsworth. 84.
The fifth article under consideration.
Mr. Kennedy declared himself opposed to this article, and asserted that the testimony did not support it. He had read and investigated the act of the assembly of Virginia, and found that the section relied upon was susceptible of another construction. He quoted the words of the act, and added, here we find that the court may order the clerk to issue a summons, or other proper process. These words are supposed in the article under consideration. It is a known maxim in courts of conscience, that the suppression of a truth, or the suggestion of a falsehood are equally weak and wicked. And it ought to be equally improper for us to suppose a truth, or allege a falsehood, in so form a transaction as that of impeachment. If after the word summons in the article we were to insert the words or other proper process it might go a great way towards altering the opinion of the members. What other process can issue besides a summons? If you will not trust a summons you will take the body; this is a capias. If there be no other than these two writs, it was in the discretion of the judge to order a capias. If a person commits a great crime, though not capital, a capias may be the proper process; for a summons will only be a notice to the party to run off. He therefore could not agree to the first part of the article, & the latter part was left unsupported, if the other failed. If the court had a right to award a capias it necessarily followed that the party must be arrested if found, and if arrested, he must be committed to close custody, or give bail for his appearance; there is no other mode of avoiding imprisonment upon arrest. Has there appeared any proof that Callender made an application to be bailed? If he did not, he could not be refused by the judge. Noticing of this kind has been heard in proof, and until then we ought to withhold our assent to the latter part of the article.
Mr. Nicholson. The laws of Virginia relative to this point, if he recollected rightly, were that in capital cases a capias is ordered to issue for the apprehension of the offender; but in cases of crimes less than capital a summons, or other proper process shall issue. What is the practice of this state? He had never understood that it was the practice there to issue a capias for the apprehension of small offences, but a summons to answer at the next court after the presentment.
Mr. J. Randolph. My friend (Mr. N.) is not mistaken in the law, and the practice so far as he knew it was what every reasonable man would suppose it to be, that is consonant with the law itself. There are two distinct species of crimes, one capital the other not capital. The first species is divided into treasons and felonies. The second contains all other lesser crimes. For the first it is mentioned in the law itself, that a capias is the proper process; but in the second it is to be by summons, or other proper process to the next court. By confining the writ of capias to capital cases it also infers that a capias is not a proper process in cases under capital. If the court awarded a capias then in Callender's case, they did what the law did not authorise them to do, and which the practice in our state courts did not warrant. Instead of this defence of the judge, he suspected the defence would be exonerating the judge at the expense of the clerk, who issued the writ; that being the act of the clerk, they would not hold the judge responsible therefor. It will be recollected that the capias issued after the indictment was found, and that the prisoner was tried in the same term. Mr. Hay in his testimony sets this matter in a very clear point of view. The capias was issued by the clerk on the awarding of the court, at the instance of the prosecuting officer. If, concluded Mr. R. there is one article I put more reliance on than another, this is the very article.
Mr. Beckley (the Clerk) read extracts from the laws of Virginia on these two points.
Mr. Kennedy agreed that the conduct of the judge in ruling the party to trial in the same term he was presented as a high handed arbitrary proceeding; but that the charge contained in the 5th article which he much approved of, and should certainly vote for. But he had not been influenced by any thing said to change his opinion; he should therefore vote against the 5th article.
Mr. Alston observed that the laws of Virginia spoke only of presentment, & that upon presentment by any grand jury of an offence not capital the court shall order the Clerk to issue a summons for the party to appear and answer such presentment at the next court. Callender was indicted and there being a difference between presentment and indictment it appears that the court had a discretion as to the time of trial; this however seemed to him to be the case.
Mr. J. Randolph replied by reading the warrant, annexed to the articles of impeachment, in which are the words "to answer a certain presentment found against him (Callender) by the grand jury."
The question on agreeing to the 5th article under consideration was carried, the yeas were 72, and nays 45, and are as follows:
YEAS.—Messrs. Anderson, Archer, Bard, Bedinger, Bishop, Boyd, Boyle, Brown, Bryan, Butler, Caley, Claiborne, Clark, J. Clay, M. Clay, Conrad, Crowninshield, Cutts, Dawson, Dickson, Earle, Eppes, Findley, Gillespie, Goodwyn, Gray, Gregg, Haisbrouck, Heister, Holmes, Jones, Knight, Larned, Leib, Lucas, M'Cord, Meriwether, R. Moore, T. Moore, Morrow, Nelson, New, Newton, jun. Nicholson, Olin, Palmer, Patterson, J. Randolph, T. M. Randolph, J. Rea (of Penn.) R. Rhea (of Ten.) Riker, Sammons, Sandford, Seaver, Sloan, Smilie, Southard, Stanford, Stewart, Thomas, Thompson, Trigg, Van Horne, Varnum, Whitehill, Wilson, Winn, Winton, and Wynns. 72.
NAYS.—Messrs. Alston, Betton, Blackledge, Campbell, Chamberlin, Chittenden, Claggett, Cutler, Dana, Davenport, Dwight, Elliott, Elmer, Goddard, Griffin, G. Griswold, R. Griswold, Hastings, Holland, Hough, Hunt, Jackson, Kennedy, Lewis, jun. Livingston, Lowndes, McCrery, Mitchell, Mott, Plater, Purviance, Rodney, Root, J. C. Smith, J. Smith, Stanton, Stedman, Stephenson, Taggart, Tallmage, Tenney, Thatcher, Tibbitts, Wadsworth, and Wynns. 45.
The sixth article under consideration.
Mr. Rodney. As I intend to vote against this article of impeachment, I mean to assign my reasons in as few words as will enable me to be clearly understood. It has been admitted on all sides that such interesting proceeding as that in which we are engaged should be conducted with calmness and temper, void of every sensation arising from hostile passions; but particularly when we consider all the circumstances connected with the object of this impeachment, a man of talents placed in an eminent elevation of office, qualified to ascertain the bearing of your evidence and testimony, too much caution cannot be used, and gentlemen are justified in their minute examination into the relation between the charges and testimony upon which they are credited.
I consider this article objectionable because there is concealed within it a principle pregnant with mischief to this country; if it be adopted, it will go to establish a principle most dangerous and oppressive. It goes so far as to say that the courts of the United States have criminal jurisdiction at common law. If gentlemen will attend to the article they will observe that it cites the act of congress establishing the judicial courts of the United States so far as relates to the regulations of the several states, and they are enabled to be the rules of decision of those courts in trials at common law—and then it goes on to charge judge Chase with violating this very act. It is the act of congress which gives life to the act of Virginia in the United States courts, and it says that the statute shall be enforced as on trials at common law. The first enquiry will be what was the meaning of the legislature in using the expressions "in trials at common law;" and to ascertain whether Callender was tried by the common law or under the sedition act. Law writers are not more clear, precise, or correct, on any subject, than they are in their definition of the common law; it is the unwritten law, as contradistinguished from statute law. A gentleman suggests to me that the common law mentioned in our statute is merely to mark the difference between our Admiralty and Maritime jurisdiction. We usually refer to English authorities for an explanation of the technical words we borrow from them, and there we find that the common or unwritten law is so called to distinguish it from statute law—and this is the broad line laid down by Virginia herself in a late declaration of her legislature drawn up by one of the greatest statesmen that ever that or any other country produced. They declare that the United States government has no common law jurisdiction. All their powers must be exercised in virtue of some statute made under the conditions of the constitution. In casting our eyes over the constitution we shall not find a syllable of the words common law; the first time it appears, it is in the 7th amendment relating to debts exceeding 20 dollars.
The judiciary bill refers to the civil jurisdiction of these courts in cases between foreigners and citizens, but there is no where to be found a word that gives to the United States criminal jurisdiction at common law. Mr. Chase held this opinion himself, as you hear from the affidavit of Mr. Read, who observing the attack upon judge Chase in the Wilmington Mirror, reminded him that the sedition act did not protect the judges from libels; they had no cognizance thereof and it could not be punished but through the state courts. Even in England they paid respect to this distinction. The first trial of Rinewick Williams, commonly called the minister, for his abominable wickedness in cutting women as they passed him in the street; he was indicted under a particular statute judgment, was successfully arrested, though he was afterwards indicted at common law for assault and battery and convicted.
To make the allegation conform to the principles, it should be said that Callender was tried by the common law; where was the authority at common law? Callender's was not a civil case, between a citizen of another state & himself. No, it was a criminal case, under a particular statute, & he was tried by that statute law, not by the common law. He was confirmed in this opinion by the report of the case, where it appears that such eminent men as Mr. Hay and Mr. Nicholas, preferred to rely upon an affidavit for a postponement, rather than bring forward the statute of Virginia alleged to be decisive; they would thereby leave their client in the discretion of the court, when they had the strong language of the law, that they should not try the cause at that time; their talents and vigilance forbids us for a moment to entertain the idea, that the matter had escaped their notice or recollection.
These are the principal reasons which induce me to vote against the sixth article now under our consideration.
Mr. J. Randolph said if he agreed in the construction which his friend from Delaware contended for, he would not be the last man to join him against the article. He would not support any act that would tend to sustain the pretension that congress have criminal jurisdiction in common law cases. If this construction could in any way be put on this article, he here entered his protest against it, as well as against the doctrine itself. One of the first acts of the general government was to establish judicial courts on the part of the United States, and let it be recollected that beside the great national power vested in the courts by the constitution, there were others vested in them of a peculiar nature. Their authority extended to cases between a state and citizens of another state, between citizens of different states, and foreign states, citizens or subjects. It was enacted that the laws of the several states, except where the constitu-
tion, treaties, or statutes of the United States shall otherwise require, shall be regarded as the rules of decision in trials at common law. It has always been held as a fundamental rule of construction that all the words ought to have efficacy, and when this law of the United States, gave life and vital spirit to the law of Virginia, it provided that in all cases at common law, the rule of the state should govern, but in cases under a statute where rules of decision are otherwise provided, the law of the state shall not govern. Congress saw in the outset the necessity of carrying into effect that great constitutional power of establishing courts and regulating their mode of procedure. Instead however, of establishing any mode of their own, they adopted the modes already existing in the several states, and there is no other mode except in cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction; if the laws of the state where the offence has been committed, does not apply, what possible rule of procedure or decision could govern the court? In what manner is a criminal trial to be conducted? The 5th section under any other construction becomes absurd and nugatory. He did believe that by the 3rd and 4th sections of the act establishing the judicial courts, the laws of the several states have been adopted by Congress in criminal as well as in civil cases.
But the gentleman from Delaware asks us how we can believe this to be the just construction, when the able counsel assigned to the defence in this case failed to produce this law to the court which would have procured them the direct attainment of their end, without applying to the direction of the court? To this he answered he would not tell why they omitted to bring forward this objection. This was not his concern. It might perhaps have escaped their memory. But will it be an objection that because they failed, we also should fail who think this law has been violated. That the law of Virginia was the rule of conduct adopted in this case is proved by every preliminary as well as subsequent step. If then they did not make this exposition of the law of the United States, why was the trial in all other parts conducted consonant with the laws of Virginia. He stated the case in another point of view; although there is no common law jurisdiction of the United States in criminal cases, yet there is in each state a peculiar common law generally drawn from England, but varied so as to suit their purposes. Suppose Virginia had never modified the common law of England, as it relates to the law of defects, and suppose a claim brought in the United States court by a citizen of North Carolina for a tract of land in Virginia (it will be admitted that Congress can make no law in relation to defects). How is the court to be governed by the law of defects in North Carolina, or by that of Virginia or by the common law of England. Certainly they must conform their decision to the rule of Virginia where the land lies. I like this common law doctrine then in any other sense than is being in contradistinction to our admiralty and maritime code, and it has no basis, for common law jurisdiction, Congress have none in criminal cases; as all such cases must be constituted crimes by a statute of Congress, previous to their perpetration, and a statute or written law is the opposite of common, which is an unwritten law made up of usages time immemorial. If it was established that this article tended in any shape to establish the exploded doctrine that the United States had common law jurisdiction in criminal cases, he would readily vote against the article.
Mr. Nicholson entertained no doubt but the term of common law expressed in the statute establishing the courts of the United States was used as a term of definition, and that it ought not to be construed to give the courts any additional jurisdiction, nor to abridge them of any they possessed. He observed in other parts of the law that the words common law are used to distinguish that mode of procedure from what was used in our courts of admiralty. In England they had three distinct courts, governed by three distinct modes of proceeding under three laws. The common law courts, or the courts at Westminster, and the chancery court, are governed by the common law. The admiralty courts are governed by the civil law, and the ecclesiastical courts by the ecclesiastical law. But all and every one of these are governed by the statute law. But in their mode of proceeding, each has its own peculiar rules, yet they all are bound to conform to a statute, as if a statute had originally given them jurisdiction. In our own courts, he believed, it would be difficult to conduct trials without some provision as to the mode. Bills of exchange and promissory notes were not made current till the time of queen Anne. The suit on these actions is still at common law, though the remedy is given by statute. So when an indictment is made upon a statute, it must be tried by the rules of the common law, as was the case mentioned in the article. And with the gentleman from Virginia, he asked in what manner a criminal can be prosecuted but by the rules of the common law, unless you have him to be tried by such arbitrary ones as the court may make at the time, in order to suit their own purpose. If it be true that we have no rules of proceeding established for our courts of justice, it is high time to set about making them. But the fact is, that rules are established, and the reason why they were established, in the manner they are, is that in this way Congress expected, and justly too, that they would give more satisfaction to their constituents to leave them to the rules of proceeding they had long been accustomed to, than they would by introducing a novel set of their own contriving. And he sat down fully convinced that the circuit court was bound to proceed through the whole case by the rules established by the laws of Virginia.
The sixth article was agreed to. The yeas were seventy-three and nays forty-two, as follows:
YEAS.—Messrs. Anderson, Archer, Bard, Bedinger, Blackledge, Boyd, Boyle, Brown, Bryan, Butler, Caley, Claiborne, J. Clay, M. Clay, Conrad, Crowninshield, Cutts, Dawson, Dickson, Earle, Early, Eppes, Findley, Gillespie, Goodwyn, Gray, Gregg, Haisbrouck, Heister, Holland, Holmes, Jones, Kennedy, Knight, Larned, Leib, Lucas, Lyon, M'Cord, Meriwether, N. R. Moore, T. Moore, Morrow, Nelson, New, Newton, Nicholas, Olin, Palmer, J. Randolph, T. M. Randolph, J. Rea (of Penn.) R. Rhea (of Ten.) Riker, Sammons, Sandford, Seaver, Sloan, Smilie, Southard, Stanford, Stanton, Stewart, Thomas, Thompson, Trigg, Van Horne, Varnum, Whitehill, Wilson, Winn, Winton, and Wynns. 73.
NAYS.—Messrs. Alston, Baldwin, Betton, J. Campbell, Chamberlin, Chittenden, Claggett, Clark, Cutler, Dana, Davenport, Dwight, Elliott, Elmer, Goddard, Griffin, G. Griswold, R. Griswold, Hastings, Hough, Hunt, Lewis, jun. Livingston, Lowndes, McCrery, Mitchell, Mott, Plater, Purviance, Rodney, Root, J. C. Smith, J. Smith, Stedman, Stephenson, Taggart, Tallmage, Tenney, Thatcher, Tibbitts, Wadsworth, and Wynns. 42.
The seventh article was agreed to. The yeas and nays were as follows:
YEAS.—Messrs. Alston, jun. Anderson, Archer, Bard, Bedinger, Boyd, Boyle, Brown, Bryan, Butler, Caley, Claiborne, Clark, J. Clay, Conrad, Crowninshield, Dawson, Dickson, Earle, Early, Eppes, Findley, Gillespie, Goodwyn, Gray, Gregg, Haisbrouck, Heister, Holland, Holmes, Jackson, Kennedy, Knight, Larned, Leib, Lucas, M'Cord, McCrery, Meriwether, N. R. Moore, T. Moore, Morrow, Nelson, New, Newton

ENQUIRER
RICHMOND: SATURDAY, DECEMBER 15, 1804.
IMPEACHMENT OF JUDGE CHASE.
It is one of the principal advantages of a republican government, where all authority flows either mediately or immediately from the people...
field, or which the indication of the people against the authors of this scheme of villainy...
CONTINUATION OF DOCUMENTS
Governor's Letter.
No. 7.—Is a Letter from three of the Commissioners, who were appointed to wait on the Legislature of the state of Tennessee...
No. 8.—Is a report of the Commissioners appointed to ascertain the most proper course for a Road from the upper navigation of James river...
No. 9.—Is an extract of a letter from the very ingenious Superintendent of the Manufactory of Arms...
Extract of a letter from the Superintendent of the Manufactory of Arms to the Governor, dated September 22d, 1804.
It may be proper to observe, that no augmentation of the number of artificers at the armory, has been made in the present year...
No. 10.—Contains two representations from the Hay-market District Court...
No. 11.—Is a letter from the Captain of the Public Guard, with an extract from the Journal of the Council of State.
Sir, I am honored by your Excellency's letter of the 1st of February; and but for the little probability there was of the Legislature taking up such a subject so late in the session...
Executive, certainly not contemplated as a part of my duty as Captain of the Guard, nor as Keeper of the Keys of the Capitol.
I have the honor to be, with great respect, Your Excellency's most obedt servt, ALEX. QUARRIER.
In Council, March 2d, 1804. The Governor laid before the Board a letter from Captain Alexander Quarrier, stating that no compensation is allowed him for his services...
No. 12.—Contains the proceedings of the Executive Council on the compensation supposed to be due to Messrs. Brooks, Underwood & Co.
In Council, April 20, 1804. It is advised that a warrant issue on the contingent fund in favor of Thomas Underwood for three hundred dollars...
Also that warrants issue on the contingent fund in favor of Messrs. Allens for one hundred and fifty dollars each...
In Council, June 16, 1804. Whereas Samuel Brooks, Engraver, in the month of February last gave information to the Executive of proposals...
It is advised that the governor be requested to give the thanks of the executive to Mr. Brooks for the services which he has rendered to the commonwealth...
Extracts from the Journal. No. 13.—Is a lengthy document, as it contains a particular statement of the number of arms which have been apportioned and distributed among the 14 regiments of the state.
Table with 7 columns: Regiment, 1st. app., 2d. app., 3d. app., Total app., Total issued, Not issued. Rows include 7,216, 3,773, 6,497, 17,486, 15,851, 1,635.
Besides these stands of arms, some swords, belts, pistols and holsters have been issued to the companies of artillery or cavalry.
THE RAINBOW, No. VI. is unavoidably postponed, on account of the indisposition of the author.
Last Night's Mail.
CONGRESS.
SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES.
December 7, 1804. Mr. Pickering laid on the table the following motion, which was read, and ordered to lie for consideration.
RESOLVED, by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, Two thirds of both Houses concurring, that the following article be proposed to the legislatures of the several states...
ARTICLE. From and after the third of March, one thousand eight hundred and nine, representatives and direct taxes, shall be apportioned among the several states...
The Senate have fixed the second of January for the appearance of Samuel Chase to answer to the articles of impeachment preferred against him...
FOUND. YESTERDAY was found a small sum of MONEY. The owner can have it on application to ROBERT M'KIM.
PUBLIC EXAMINATION.
THE private examination which Mr. Ogilvie intended to hold on Wednesday last, was unavoidably postponed.
Richmond Theatre.
THIS EVENING, December 15, will be presented, the Play of the STRANGER. To which will be added, the Farce of NO SONG NO SUPPER.
On Monday evening will be presented, the Tragedy of ABELLINO, with the Farce of Raising the Wind.
Doors to open at half after 5 o'clock, and performance to begin at 6, precisely. Admittance—One Dollar. Nights of performance will be on Monday, Wednesday, Friday and Saturday's. December 13.
NOTICE.
WE the undersigned, partners in the late concerns of BUCHANAN, DUNLOP, & Co. at Petersburg, of ROBERT POLLOK, & Co. at Richmond, and of DUNLOP, POLLOK, & Co. at Manchester...
DAVID BUCHANAN. By ROBERT POLLOK, his Attorney. ROBERT POLLOK. Virginia, Petersburg, Dec. 6, 1804.
NOW OR NEVER.
THOSE who would wish to gratify their curiosity by viewing this Great vibrating Philosophic Apparatus , must improve the present opportunity...
COMMUNICATION.
The following is the Abbé Sicard's account of the wonderful Phenomenon now exhibiting in Richmond at the house of Mr. Warner...
"In a chamber, and within a railed circumference is seen a chest, six inches square, in the centre of a temple, which is suspended from the railing in which it is enclosed by four small cords...
"What can be the cause of a phenomenon so astonishing? What is the person who replies to the questions put to her?—What are the means of communication with this opaque (I would almost say magical) tube of tin...
TO NON-RESIDENTS OF KENTUCKY.
THE SUBSCRIBER living in the neighbourhood of Frankfort, Kentucky, having undertaken to pay the taxes of a number of gentlemen residing in Virginia and elsewhere...
NATHANIEL HART.
N. B. The postage on all letters directed to me on the above business must be paid. December 15, 1804.
FARMINGDALE NURSERY.
THE SUBSCRIBER has FOR SALE, for the present season, at his Nursery, adjoining the Borough of Norfolk, 10,000 WORKED FRUIT TREES.
Consisting of Apples, Peaches, Pears, Cherries, Apricots, Plums, Nectarines, &c. &c. selected from all parts of this state, from the Nursery in the neighbourhood, and from England.
dolph, T. M. Randolph, J. Rhea (of Pennsylvania) J. Rhea (of Tennessee) Riker, Rodney, Root, Sammons, Sandford, Seaver, Sloan, Smilie, Southard, Stanford, Stanton, Stewart, Thomas, Thompson, Trigg, Van Horne, Varnum, Whitehill, Wilton, Wm. Winton, Wynns. 73.
NAYS.—Messrs. Baldwin, Betton, Blackledge, G. W. Campbell, J. Campbell, Chamberlin, Chittenden, Clagett, Cutler, Dana, Davenport, Dwight, Elliott, Elmer, Griffin, G. Griswold, R. Griswold, Hastings, Hough, Hunt, Lewis, jun. Livingston, Lowndes, Mitchell, Mott, Plater, Purviance, J. C. Smith, J. Smith, Stedman, Stephenson, Taggart, Tallmadge, Tenny, Thatcher, Tibbets, Wadsworth, Williams. 33.
The eighth article was divided.—The yeas and nays on the first paragraph were as follows: YEAS.—Messrs. Anderson, Archer, Bedinger, Boyd, Boyle, Brown, Bryan, Butler, Caley, Claiborne, Clark, J. Clay, M. Clay, Conrad, Crowningfield, Dawson, Dickson, Early, Elmer, Eppes, Findley, Gillespie, Goodwin, Gray, Gregg, Harbrouck, Heister, Holland, Holmes, Jackson, Kenedy, Knight, Larned, Leib, Lucas, Lyon, M'Court, M'Cree, Meriwether, N. R. Moore, T. Moore, Morrow, Nelson, New, Newton, junior, Nicholson, Olin, Palmer, Patterson, J. Randolph, T. M. Randolph, J. Rhea (of Penn.) J. Rhea (of Ten.) Riker, Rodney, Root, Sammons, Sandford, Seaver, Sloan, Smilie, Southard, Stanford, Stanton, Stewart, Thomas, Thompson, Trigg, Van Horne, Varnum, Whitehill, Wilton, Wm. Winton and Wynns.—74.
NAYS.—Messrs. Alston jun., Baldwin, Betton, Blackledge, J. Campbell, Chamberlin, Chittenden, Clagett, Cutler, Dana, Davenport, Dwight, Earle, Elliot, Goddard, Griffin, G. Griswold, R. Griswold, Hastings, Hunt, Lewis, jun. Livingston, Mitchell, Mott, Plater, Purviance, J. C. Smith, J. Smith, Stedman, Stephenson, Taggart, Tallmadge, Tenny, Thatcher, Tibbets, Wadsworth, and Williams.—38.
The second paragraph of the eighth articles was agreed to. Yeas and Nays as follows: YEAS.—Messrs. Alston, jun., Anderson, Archer, Bedinger, Blackledge, Boyd, Boyle, Brown, Bryan, Butler, Caley, Claiborne, Clark, J. Clay, M. Clay, Conrad, Crowningfield, Dawson, Dickson, Earle, Early, Elmer, Eppes, Findley, Gillespie, Goodwin, Gray, Gregg, Harbrouck, Heister, Holland, Holmes, Jackson, Kenedy, Knight, Larned, Leib, Lucas, Lyon, M'Court, M'Cree, Meriwether, N. R. Moore, T. Moore, Morrow, Nelson, New, Newton, junior, Nicholson, Olin, Palmer, Patterson, J. Randolph, T. M. Randolph, J. Rhea (of Penn.) J. Rhea (of Ten.) Riker, Rodney, Root, Sammons, Sandford, Seaver, Sloan, Smilie, Southard, Stanford, Stanton, Stewart, Thomas, Thompson, Van Horne, Varnum, Whitehill, Williams, Wilton, Wm. Winton, and Wynns.—78.
NAYS.—Messrs. Baldwin, Betton, Chamberlin, Chittenden, Clagett, Cutler, Dana, Davenport, Dwight, Elliot, Goddard, Griffin, G. Griswold, R. Griswold, Hastings, Hunt, Lewis, jun. Livingston, Mitchell, Mott, Plater, Purviance, J. C. Smith, J. Smith, Stedman, Stephenson, Taggart, Tallmadge, Tenny, Thatcher, Tibbets, Wadsworth, and Williams.—32.
Thursday last, No 3, of the Presidential fleet of gun-boats was launched off the stocks from the ship-yard of Mr. Doughty, Southwark. Phil. pap. Dec. 9.
We discharge a mournful duty in laying before our readers the following statement of deaths in Malaga, in this year, up to the 17th September last, communicated in a letter received from Cadiz: 12,542 of both sexes, 1,200 soldiers, 300 sailors, 17 physicians, 42 clergy of the cathedral, 72 private clergy, 82 religious persons, 76 monks.
N. CAROLINA. Raleigh, Dec. 10.
On Wednesday the Legislature made choice of Gen. Montfort Stokes as Senator of the United States, in the place of Mr. Franklin whose time expires with the 4th March next.
The following gentlemen are chosen the Governor's Council:—Bryan Whitfield, Reuben Wood, John Ingles, Theophilus Hunter, Lemuel Sawyer, Robert Burton and John Branch.
The Electors of President and Vice President of the United States for this state, met on Wednesday last in the State House and gave 14 votes for Thomas Jefferson, Esq. as President and 14 votes for George Clinton Esq. as Vice President.—Major Thomas Taylor of Granville, was appointed by the Electors to be the bearer of the votes to the Federal City. Minerva.
S. CAROLINA. Columbia, Nov. 28.
On Monday last a House was formed, seventy-five members present; Col. William Cotte-worth Pinckney, was chosen speaker; Richard Gantt, was re-elected clerk. The Senate made a House the same day, and elected John Gaillard Esq. president, and Benjamin Saxon, Esq. clerk. A number of committees were appointed yesterday, and a very lengthy message was received from the Governor. There will be an election for two Senators in Congress, as general Sumter's time expires in March, and Major Butler has resigned. Paul Hamilton, Esq. is the only person spoken of as Governor. It is generally thought that a stop will be put to the importation of Africans, this session.
A letter from Columbia states, that Pierce Butler, Esq. has resigned his seat in the Senate of the United States. City Gazette.
WAX-WORK.
THE proprietor respectfully informs the public, that he has added an additional Figure to his Museum, as a proof that the Figures in his collection are superior to any ever exhibited. This Museum will leave this in a few days. Admittance half a dollar—25 cents for those who have visited the Museum. Dec. 15.
WHITE CHIMNEYS.
THE subscriber wishes to rent the Tavern and Store House at this place, either altogether or separately; the eligibility of the stand for a Tavern and Store is well known by many; the salubrity of the air and the quality of the water, are unexceptionable. Possession may be given on the 1st of January next. For terms apply to FRANCIS GALYAN. White Chimneys, Dec. 15, 1804.
NOTICE.
THE subscribers and members of the Mutual Insurance Company against Fire on Goods and Furniture, in the state of Virginia, are hereby requested to attend their annual general meeting, to be held agreeable to their constitution, on the second Wednesday in January, which being the 9th day of next month, by ten o'clock A. M. at the General Office of Insurance, in the city of Richmond. W. F. AST, Principal Agent M. A. S. Richmond, Dec. 10, 1804.
CASH
WILL be given for 12 or 15 BOYS, from 7 to 15 years old. Enquire of the Printers. Dec. 12.
YAZOO CLAIMS.
We are indebted to the indefatigable, able & republican editor of the Aurora for the opportunity which we this day possess, of presenting our readers with some of the documents on this deeply interesting question. Lengthy as they are, they can neither exceed the space which they ought to occupy, nor can they occupy too much of the time and thought of the honest and energetic politician. Those who have read the speech of Mr. Thomas M. Randolph, in this paper of the 15th of September, must possess an understanding already enlightened on the general merits of the question; and his heart must already have been affected by the fervour of its eloquence. It is perhaps deeply to be lamented that the two first speeches of Mr. John Randolph on this question, should have been lost forever to his country; but this consolation remains, that the same mind still continues to aid and animate the deliberations of Congress, and that it may yet supply this chasm in the register of its debates.
Many of these documents will probably appear tedious and uninteresting to the reader; but it is to be hoped, that their collective importance will entitle them to a careful perusal. Taken together, they constitute a tale of individual speculation and legislative corruption, which the historian of future times will blush to see recorded in the annals of our infant society. It is a tale, which every man who lives in this country should read, understand and promulgate. There are many smaller plots perhaps at this time in rehearsal, which the light floating from this stupendous scheme may serve to un-

THE YAZOO EMPIRE.
As the subject of this stupendous speculation, has been already brought forward, and is likely to engross much of the time of Congress...
The history of this speculation is voluminous and complex—the sum of the story is, that a conspiracy of speculators was formed in Georgia...
The following are the proceedings as they were first presented to Congress, by a message from the president in 1802...
MESSAGE
From the President of the United States, Accompanying certain articles of agreement and cession, which have been entered into...
Gentlemen of the Senate, and of the House of Representatives, In pursuance of the act, intitled 'An act supplemental to the act, intitled...
Articles of agreement and cession have accordingly been entered into and signed by the said commissioners...
TH: JEFFERSON. April 20th, 1802.
SIR, We have the honor to enclose a copy of an agreement entered into between the commissioners of the United States...
The nature and importance of the transaction have induced the insertion of a clause which renders it necessary...
We have the honor to be, Very respectfully, Sir, Your obedient servants.
JAMES MADISON, ALBERT GALLATIN, LEVI LINCOLN. City of Washington, April 26th, 1804.
The President of the United States. Articles of agreement and cession entered into the twenty fourth day of April, one thousand eight hundred and two...
Articles of agreement and cession entered into the twenty fourth day of April, one thousand eight hundred and two...
ARTICLE I.
The state of Georgia cedes to the U. S. all the right, title and claim which the said state has to the jurisdiction and soil of the lands situated within the boundaries of the U. S. south of the state of Tennessee...
First. That out of the first net proceeds of the sales of the lands thus ceded, which net proceeds shall be estimated by deducting from the gross amount of sales the expenses incurred in surveying...
the vacant lands thus ceded, to which the Indian title has been, or may hereafter be extinguished...
Secondly—That all persons who, on the twenty-seventh day of October one thousand seven hundred and ninety-five, were actual settlers within the territory thus ceded...
Thirdly—That all the lands ceded by this agreement to the United States, shall, after satisfying the above mentioned payment of one million two hundred and fifty thousand dollars...
Fourthly—That the United States shall at their own expense, extinguish for the use of Georgia, as early as the same can be peaceably obtained...
Fifthly—That the territory thus ceded shall form a state, and be admitted as such into the Union, as soon as it shall contain sixty thousand free inhabitants...
ARTICLE II.
The United States accept the cession above mentioned, and on the conditions therein expressed; and they cede to the state of Georgia whatever claim, right, or title they may have to the jurisdiction or soil of any lands lying within the United States...
ARTICLE III.
The present act of cession and agreement shall be in full force as soon as the legislature of Georgia shall have given its assent to the boundaries of this cession...
In faith whereof the respective commissioners have signed these presents, and affixed hereunto their seals. Done at the city of Washington in the district of Columbia, this twenty-fourth day of April, one thousand eight hundred and two.
Miscellaneous.
FROM A FRENCH PAPER. PUBLIC UTILITY.
M. Cadet de Vaux has lately succeeded in a new method of washing linen, which is performed by steam...
experience has ascertained its first advantage, and successively discovered others which have made the operation of domestic economy an absolutely new art.
Washing by steam requires but two days for the entire completion, the ordinary method requires four days...
Among the many advantages of this process may be reckoned an exemption from importing into the French empire pearl ashes and kelp...
The operation is very simple. Steep the linen in water, even well water will answer the purpose, then drain it, and sprinkle it with cold ley made of the salt or kelp...
At the experiment made by M. de Cadet Vaux, in the presence of mothers of families, the linen put into the bucking tub weighed 250lb.
BROKER'S OFFICE.
THE Subscriber has opened a Broker's Office, opposite the Union Tavern, and over the Counting-house of Thomas and Amos Ladd.
THOMAS NORVELL. October 3. if
FALL GOODS.
WILLIAM TEMPLE has received by the ship Edward and Charles, from London, an extensive assortment of goods, suitable to the approaching season.
ENOCH SULLIVAN, JEWELLER & HAIR-WORKER.
(First door below the Eagle Tavern.) BEGS leave to inform the public that he has for Sale, a fashionable assortment of JEWELRY & SILVER WARE;
BURR MILL STONES, OF ALL SIZES; and PLAISTER OF PARIS, of an excellent quality.
FOR SALE, AT USUAL PRICES, BY WILLIAM DAVIDSON. near the Market. Dec. 4. [epf.]
W. COWAN, WATCH AND CLOCK MAKER.
Below the Eagle Tavern—repairs Watches and Clocks of every description, at the shortest notice. W. C. returns his grateful acknowledgements to his friends and customers...
EDUCATION.
J. WOOD has opened, at his room, formerly the school room of Mr. Harris, opposite to Mr. Copland's, an EVENING CLASS, from the hours of seven to nine...
FOR SALE—at Rocketts.
THE LOT, and two story BRICK HOUSE, containing three tenements, which the subscriber purchased at the sale of George Nicholson, deceased.
SADDLERY.
JOHN MCENERY, SADDLER, respectfully informs the public in general, and his friends in particular, that he has just received an elegant and well chosen assortment of Saddlery, Coach and Harness Mountings, Whips, Spurs, &c. &c.
BILLS or LADING, SHERIFFS' BLANKS, BLANK BONDS, &c. &c. FOR SALE AT THIS OFFICE.
[BY PERMISSION.] BURR & HAMILTON.
A NEW COLLECTION OF SIX FIGURES; SUPERIOR to any in America; among which are a striking likenesses and representation of the late unfortunate DUEL, fought between Col. Aaron Burr, Vice-President of the United States, and Gen. Alexander Hamilton...
MUSIC ON AN ELEGANT ORGAN.
ADMITTANCE—50 cents for the first admission—and no person is admitted the second, without paying half price—25 cents. December 6. epf.
NOTICE.
ALL persons indebted to the late firm of BUCHANAN, DUNLOP & CO. of Petersburg, ROBERT POLLAK & CO. of Richmond, and DUNLOP, POLLAK & CO. of Manchester, are hereby notified...
JOHN DUNLOP, Attorney for JAMES DUNLOP.
Petersburg, Nov. 15, 1804. epf.
J. TOMPKINS.
RESPECTFULLY informs those concerned, that he has removed the books and papers of the late concern of Robert Pollak & Co. and Dunlop, Pollak & Co. to a new Brick House near the Basin...
A SCHOOL.
THE subscriber intends opening a School at his plantation in Hanover county, about ten miles from Richmond, as early in the month of January as he shall have the assurance of six scholars...
JOHN SEABROOK.
P.S. J. Seabrook will be thankful to those persons disposed to encourage him by confiding pupils to his care...
A TRACT OF LAND.
By virtue of a Deed of Trust, executed to the subscriber, will be sold to the highest bidder, for ready money, on the 14th day of January next, at Buckingham Court-House...
GEORGE S. HARE, Trustee.
Buckingham, Dec. 8.—[ss Gt.]
J. P. HOPKINS.
RESPECTFULLY informs his friends and customers that he has engaged a sufficient number of good workmen, and will be thankful for a continuance of their favours. Dec. 1. TSSaw
MISS ROBBINS.
AFTER making her sincere acknowledgements to her friends and the public, for that portion of patronage which she has experienced, wishes to inform her patrons, that she has removed her SCHOOL to a house nearly opposite to Mr. Copland's on Shockoe Hill...
WILLIAM McCABE—WATCH-MAKER.
RETURNS his grateful thanks to the citizens of Richmond, Manchester and their vicinities, and respectfully informs them and the public, that he continues to repair all kinds of Watches and Clocks, on the shortest notice.
He has For Sale, A handsome assortment of WATCHES, CHAINS, SEALS and KEYS.
[Richmond, Dec. 1. eS3t.]
T. SULLY, Portrait and Miniature Painter.
SPECIMENS of his work may be seen at his rooms above Dunmore & Turner's Grocery, Main-Street, Richmond. December 4. (epf.)
Irish Linen and Padeira Wine.
JOHN HENRY has imported in the ship LATONA, captain Thurston, from Liverpool, a few small boxes of well assorted 4-ths IRISH LINEN, purchased in Dublin in July...
WASHINGTON TAVERN.
THE subscriber has taken a lease of this tenement for a number of years, and has put it in a state of repair which renders it not inferior to any in this City. Besides the Tavern he has detached buildings, well calculated to accommodate those who are anxious of greater privacy...
EDWARD HALLAM. Richmond, September 26.
LAND FOR SALE.
THE SUBSCRIBER offers for sale a tract of Land, containing six hundred and thirty acres, lying on Black Water, in Mathews county, adjoining Mr. John Peyton's, Philip Tabb's and Bowley Gayles's lands...
TO RENT—For the ensuing year.
THE WHITE HOUSE at Hanover Courthouse, together with the lots adjoining thereto, that are not attached to the Tavern. The house is a very commodious one with all the necessary offices.
Also, for rent, a field containing about an hundred acres adjoining the premises, well calculated for the cultivation of corn. The above property will be rented separately or together, as may best suit those wishing to rent. Terms will be made known by the subscriber living at the Courthouse. BARBARY O. THILMAN. Dec. 1.
NOTICE.
THE office of Supervisor of the Revenue for the District of Virginia being discontinued, and the unfinished business of the said Office transferred to me; the Collectors of the Direct Tax and Internal Revenue, whose accounts have not been finally adjusted and paid, are hereby informed, that they are now requested to call at my office, in the city of Richmond, without delay, and pay the balances due to the United States...
JOSEPH SCOTT, Marshal V.D.
July 7. epf.
NEAL NELSON, BOOT & SHOE MANUFACTURER.
MAKES Boots & Shoes to any pattern of fashion, equal in point of MATERIALS and WORKMANSHIP to any in general use. Imported Boots and Shoes, of the first quality and newest fashion, for sale.
with Boots or Shoes as well as if they were on the foot. A—the length of the Boot. B—the pitch of ditto. C—round the Calf. D—round the instep. E—across the ball. F—the length of the heel. Fix the heel against a perpendicular, and thick a knife at the end of the great toe—set down in figures the number of inches and quarters, in the different measures. June 30. epfm.
PETER BELLETT, NURSERY and SEEDSMAN, at Williamsburg.
offers for SALE, his NURSERY; containing 20 acres of rich manured Land, with about 100,000 TREES, of which 25,000, consisting as follows, are fit to be transplanted this season.
  44 Sorts of Apples at 6d. per Tree.   40 Do. of Pears 1/6. do.   50 Do. of Peach 9d. to 1/6. do.   10 Do. of Nectarine 1/6. to 1/8. do.   10 Do. of Apricot 1/6. to 1/8. do.   3 Do. of Quince 1/6. to 1/8. do.   19 Do. of Cherries 1/6. to 1/8. do.   18 Do. of Plums 1/6. to 1/8. do.   4 Do. of Almond 3/. do.   5 Do. of Mulberries 1/6. to 4/6. do.   2 Do. of Figs 1/6. do.   7 Do. of Raspberry Bushes   Lombardy and Balsam Poplars 
Currents, Gooseberries and Strawberries of sorts, Grape Vines of sorts, Artichokes and Asparagus Roots, together with a variety of flowering Shrubs, Flower Roots and Seeds and Rose Bushes, and a small quantity of Garden Seeds of this year's growth.
ALSO—may be had with the nursery 8 Negroes, 3 of which are well acquainted with Gardening and Nursery work. ALSO—3 Horses, 5 Steers, 4 Cows, and the nursery and farming utensils, which if not sold by the 1st day of May next, will be set up at Public sale on that day, until which time he will continue to sell Trees &c. &c. &c. on lower terms than usual.
Orders left with Mr. George Greenhow at Richmond, Messrs. John and Sam. Preston at Petersburg, will be duly attended to with dispatch. Williamsburg, Nov. 24. epfm.
NOTICE.
To be sold to the highest bidder, on the fourth Wednesday in December next, at Hanover Court-House.
THE Seat whereon the subscriber now resides, containing between three and four hundred acres, of valuable farming land. This situation combines as many natural advantages, as most in the county. It is believed to be equally healthy with any in its vicinity; the neighbourhood pleasant and agreeable, and navigation almost at the door.
It is peculiarly adapted to a professional gentleman; being within twenty miles of the city of Richmond, six of New-Castle; and four of an excellent manufacturing mill. On this farm is a very spacious dwelling house (somewhat out of repair) but in tolerable good condition for the reception of a large and genteel family; a new kitchen almost finished, a large barn in very good repair, and a most excellent apple orchard, with a variety of other fine fruit. The terms of sale will be, one third of the purchase money paid on the day of sale; one third, on that day twelve months; and the other third in five months, from the period at which the second payment becomes due. The bonds to bear interest from the date, if not punctually paid; and a deed of trust on the land, to secure the payment of the two last instalments.
Any person who may wish to view the farm, will apply to the subscriber, or in his absence to Messrs. Lacey Jones, John Anderson, or Edward Huntley, who reside near the premises. BATHURST JONES. Hanover County, Nov. 14.—(144.)
Printing, IN ALL ITS VARIETY, EXECUTED AT THE OFFICE of the ENQUIRER.