The national intelligencer and Washington advertiser. (Washington City [D.C.]), 1806-02-19 00:00:00

NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER,
AND WASHINGTON ADVERTISER.
VOL. VI.
WASHINGTON CITY, PRINTED BY SAMUEL HARRISON SMITH, PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE.
No. DCCCXXXVII.
FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM.
WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 19, 1806.
PAID IN ADVANCE.
CONGRESS.
[In Senate of the United States.]
On the bill for the protection, and indemnification of American seamen.
MR. WRIGHT—Mr. President—As introductory to the consideration of the merits of this bill, I feel it my duty to call the attention of the Senate, to the present degraded state of impressed American seamen, thousands of whom have been pressed on board British ships of war, and compelled by whips and scourges, to work like galleys slaves, whither they have been forced by the hand of violence, from on board our own ships, sailing on the high seas, under the flag of the U. S. carrying the spare productions of the toil of the American planter and merchant, to a foreign market, or returning with their proceeds.
In doing this, I wish not, to enlist your sympathies, but only to present to you a correct state of the facts on which this bill is predicated; facts that stand recorded in the official reports of the Secretary of State—the black catalogue of impressments.
I will next present to your view the measures adopted by the legislative and executive departments of the government of the U. S. for their redress.
“In the year 1796 Congress by law, [3 vol. 322] directed agents to be appointed, to reside in Great Britain, and in such foreign ports, as the President might direct, whose duty it should be, to enquire into the situation of such American citizens, or others, sailing conformably to the law of nations, under the protection of the American flag, who had been, or should be impressed, by any foreign power, and to endeavor by all legal means to obtain their release; and to render an account of all impressments and detentions, to the executive of the U. States.”
“They also directed the collector of the several ports, on proof being made of the citizenship of any seaman, to give him a certificate thereof, under a hope, that it would have been respected in foreign ports, and have protected him from impressment. This certificate acquired the name of a protection.”
“They also directed, “That every captain of a vessel, in case of any of the crew being impressed, shall enter his protest at the first port he shall arrive, with the name and residence of the person, and transmit immediately by post a duplicate of such protest, to the nearest agent, minister, or consul resident in such country, and also on his arrival in America, to the secretary of state.”
“And that every captain on his arrival at any port of the U. S. before he shall be admitted to an entry of his vessel, shall be required by the collector to declare on oath, whether any of the crew have been impressed, which he shall take under the penalty of 100 dollars, and the collector is bound to return a list of all impressments, so communicated to him, to the secretary of state.”
In 1799, the secretary of state is directed by law [4 vol. 503.] “To lay before Congress annually, a statement of all impressments reported to him, that they might be officially, and precisely informed of the state of our impressed seamen.”
Under these legislative provisions and the intervention of our agents appointed for that purpose, hundreds of our seamen no doubt have been discharged by the board of admiralty, while at the same time, & under the same authority, the impressments kept pace with the discharges, so that instead of redressing the wrong, it was only inflicted in routine, thereby adding insult to injury. This all important subject, from its commencement, has also been particularly attended to by the executives of the U. S. Our ministers at London, during three successive administrations, have been specially charged with it, and we have witnessed their diplomatic exertions to bring this lawless & cruel practice to an end, but all to no effect. And now we are informed by the President of the U. S. in his message of the 17th Jan. last, that “On the impressment of our seamen, our remonstrances have never been intermitted, a hope existed at one moment, of an arrangement that might have been submitted to, but it soon passed away, and the practice, though relaxed at times in the distant seas, has been constantly pursued in those in our neighborhood.”
This, Mr. President, is the prospect presented to our view, whereby thousands of our unfortunate seamen, that hardy and invaluable class of citizens, are consigned to the most intolerable bondage, (by the imperious mandate of a British naval officer, whose word is the supreme law from which there is no appeal,) and which gloomy prospect we are now informed, by the highest authority, there is not a spark of hope left to enlighten.
Sir, I have invited you to investigate this subject with the eye of temper, but at the same time, I trust, that the nation's justice will not be compromised, by exceeding the bounds of moderation; for it has its limits; and we are informed by the law of nations [Vat. 433 §
252.] “That the true and just welfare of the nation is the grand rule: Moderation is always laudable in itself, but the conductors of nations ought to make use of it, only so far, as it is consistent with the happiness and safety of their people.” Under this view of the subject, can we submit to this state of things? That is the question. I have presumed not; and under that presumption, I have brought the subject before this Senate in the shape it is presented in this bill. Sir, I wish it to be recollected that the infant state of our navy suppresses every hope of redress on the element of our wrongs, and that this is a measure of necessity, not of choice. Wherefore I trust it will not be thought too nervous, when it is considered, that we have just cause of war. I will therefore, now, sir, proceed to the consideration of the merits of this bill.
The first clause states, that in violation of the treaty of amity, commerce, and navigation, made at London on the 19th Nov. 1794, his Britannic majesty had caused the impressment of our seamen sailing under the flag of the U. States.—The treaty [2 vol. L. U. S. 464] secures the inviolability of the citizens, and subjects of the respective powers, and we are informed by the law of nations [Vat. 655, § 59.] “That a nation acts against the nature and essence of every treaty of peace, nay against peace itself, by deliberately, and wantonly offending him, with whom peace has been made, and treating him or his subjects, incompatible with peace, and which he cannot suffer without being wanting to himself.” But it may be said that this has not been authorised by the British government. Let us examine that fact. It is declared by the law of nations, [Vat. 252 § 73, 74, 76.] “That however as it is impossible, for the best regulated state, or for the most vigilant and absolute sovereign, to model at his pleasure, all the actions of his subjects, and to confine them on every occasion, to the most exact obedience, it would be unjust to impute to the nation or to the sovereign, all the faults of the citizens, we ought not then to say in general that we have received an injury from a nation, because we have received it from one of its members.”
“But if a nation or its leader approves and ratifies the fact committed by a citizen, it makes the act its own: the offence ought then to be attributed to the nation as the author of the true injury, of which the citizen is perhaps only the instrument.”
“If the sovereign disavows the act he ought to inflict on the offender exemplary punishment.”
So far I have called in aid the law of nations: I will now refer to the form of the authority in the case of impressment, which is in these words, [Fost. C. L. 156.] “In pursuance of his majesty's order in council, dated the 19th day Jan. 7 1742, We do hereby empower you to impress or cause to be impressed “so many seamen, &c.—and I will refer you to the facts in your own possession, that his Britannic majesty approves the act, both by continuing the impressments, and by his lately promoting the captain of the Cambrian frigate (whom he recalled to appease our complaints on that head) to the command of a ship of the line; so that in form, in law, and in fact his Britannic majesty has caused the impressment of our seamen, or he must have punished, and not promoted so notorious an offender. On this point I presume then there can be no doubt.”
Mr. President—I have thought it neither unprofitable nor irrelevant to the present subject, to examine the right of impressing British subjects.
British jurists have more than questioned this right, and the British parliament have, I presume, decided the question.
Sir Edw. Coke [2 inst. 47] says—The king cannot send any subject against his will out of the realm, not even into Ireland, for then under pretence of service, he might send him into banishment. [H. H. P. C. Notes, 679] In Hales H. P. C. it is declared “repugnant to the liberty of an Englishman and irreconcilable to the established rules of law, that a man, without any offence by him committed, or any law to authorize it, should be hurried away like a criminal from his friends and family, and carried by force into a dangerous service.”
That the common law did not admit of such a practice, must have been the opinion of the British parliament, who in the time of Charles I. passed a statute [16 C. 1, c. 5] “to authorize the impressment of soldiers & seamen for sea service or service beyond sea,” which soon after expired, being of short duration. They might also have been of the same opinion in the time of [2 & 3 Ann. c. 19, 3 & 4 Ann. c. 11, 4 Ann. c. 10, 5 Ann. c. 15, 6 Ann. c. 10] queen Ann, when a number of statutes of a very short duration passed in parliament, in the same terms as the statute of Charles above stated. I presume they would never have passed laws to have authorised a proceeding that was justifiable by the common law. Judge Foster, who is quoted by Britons as an
authority on this point, shall be examined. [Fos. C. L. 157] He states in the case of Broadfoot, who was indicted for the murder of Calahan, “That by pressing mariners on one hand, a very useful body of men seem to be put under hardships inconsistent with the temper & genius of a free government, on the other the necessity of the case seemeth to entitle the public to the service of this body of men, whenever the safety of the whole calleth for it. “I think the crown has a right to command the service of these people whenever the public safety calleth for it, the same right that it hath to require the personal service of every man able to bear arms in case of a sudden invasion or formidable insurrection. “The right in both cases is founded on one and the same principle, the necessity of the case, in order to the preservation of the whole.” But he adds, [Fost. C. L. 154] “If it be asked where are the adjudged cases, on which he groundeth his opinion? He freely confesseth that he hath not met with one in which the legality of pressing for the sea service hath directly come in question. He states that according to his best apprehension, (having thought much upon the subject) the right of impressing mariners for the public service is a prerogative, inherent in the crown, grounded upon the common law, and recognized by many acts of parliament.” With great deference to his honor, I would ask if any thing can be evidence of the common law, but judicial decisions on the point which he admits are not to be found?—I will also examine the statutes on which he relies as recognizing this right. I would here observe that he holds the soldier and seaman alike bound by the same law, and it would [Fost. C. L. 166] seem by Adm. Seymour's commission, that his power extended to impress ships, captains, masters, pilots and seamen, as well as all other persons fit for the purpose. This was for the sea and foreign service, and did not extend to land soldiers, as till the 24th year of Charles II. all the lands were held by military tenures, whereby the tenants were obliged to furnish soldiers and every thing necessary for them in war; but by 24 C. II. [24 C. II. c. 12] these tenures were abolished, and I question much whether the stat. Charles I. extended to the feudal tenants, who were bound to serve only in England. By a statute of Henry VII. [7 H. 7, c. 1] it is enacted, that if any soldier being no captain immediately retained with the king which shall be in wages, and retained, or take any first to serve the king upon the sea or upon the land beyond sea, depart out of the king's service without licence from the captain, it shall be adjudged felony.
The stat. of Henry VI. [18 H. 6, c. 19] against desertion was construed to extend to soldiers found by tenure or covenant to serve on land—and a question was made whether soldiers who had taken first to serve against the rebels in Ireland, were liable to the penalties of that law, which was cleared up in parliament in these words, “That the said stat. Hen. VI. in all pains, forfeitures and penalties did, doth, and hereafter shall extend as well to every mariner and gunner having taken, or who hereafter shall take first or wages, to serve her queen's majesty, as it did, or doth, to soldiers, any opinion to the contrary notwithstanding.” These are the statutes from whence the right is pretended to be inferred; which, I presume, go to shew that the mariner and soldier must be enlisted before they are liable to the penalties of desertion, and that it is by contract and not by force, the soldier becomes bound to serve, and that the right is founded in the prostitution of the sound of the word [Boy. D. Cow. Inst. J. L. D.] first for the sense, which word means “money paid to a soldier or sailor to enlist”—nor is it at all to be wondered at, that a right founded in necessity, the tyranny & plea, should rest on a pretext so flimsy, or that the barriers of etymology should not be able to withstand, as necessity has no law, the physical force of a press gang. And although this right of the seaman to be exempt from service but on their enlistment, has been under the claim of prerogative substantially violated, yet the form of the commission to impress retains the evidence of this violation. It is in these words: [Fost. C. L. 15 c.] “We do hereby empower and direct you to impress or cause to be impressed so many seamen, &c. giving unto each man one shilling for press money,” &c. Thus I have shown, that British subjects are not legally bound unless they receive first, or bounty to enlist. And to avoid imposition it is provided by statute [5 & 6 W. & M. c. 15] “that no person shall be enlisted for the land service, who did not in presence of a magistrate, high constable, &c. declare his free consent to be enlisted as a soldier.”
Can we then submit to the exercise of this royal prerogative right, to be inferred on those sailing under the flag of the U. S. without the limits of the British empire. A practice, judge Blackstone informs us, Britons have submitted to with great reluctance; and will it not be said “that we are wanting to our-
selves” if we should not guard our seamen against this outrage by all the means in our power? But it may be said the British government have a right to the service of her own subjects—I have shown, not by impressment, and I will now show that they have the right of becoming American citizens, and being protected in that right. [Lock. Black. 1 vol. p. 145] “By the law of nature, man is subject to no restraints and may pass into any region.—[Vat. 172 sec. 225.] By the law of nations every subject has a right to expatriate himself & seek his fortune where he can best promote his interest. [1 Blac. Com. 263. F. N. B. 85.] And by the common law every Englishman may go out of the Realm without the king's leave for any cause he pleaseth. And so far has Britain recognised this right, in others by Parliament—that by the navigation act, one fourth of every ship's crew may be foreigners.—[6 Ann. c. 37.] By the statute of Ann three fourths may be foreigners, and by the statute of Geo. 2d [13 Geo. 2, c. 3.] it is provided “that any foreigner serving on board of any merchant ship or ship of war for two years in time of war, shall ipso facto become a British subject, entitled to all the privileges of a native born subject.” Thus we see Britain invites foreigners into her service, and secures them in all the privileges of her native subjects, among which, protection, is the most important. Can it be then that Britain will exercise a right that is not legitimate? Or claim for herself what she will deny to others? If not, then she admits the right of expatriation, which is established by the law of nature, of nations, and the common law, and testified by the authority of the British Parliament. Can we then feel ourselves at a loss for authority to protect those who sail under the flag of the U. S. when we see Britain not only inviting foreigners into her service, but securing them protection by the solemnity of a statute? Can we then, I say, want authority or zeal to protect our citizens in their rights secured to them by the solemnity of a Constitution under the solemnity of an oath.
Mr. President, permit me here to observe, that all legitimate government is derived from the people, and is founded in compact only, and intended for the good of the whole, “that protection and allegiance are reciprocal obligations, each so important, that in all governments, in all ages they have been secured by the solemnity of an oath.”
I ask then, is not the conduct of Britain a violation of the rights of our seamen? Are they not secured in these rights by the Constitution, & are we not bound by the most solemn obligation to protect them to the utmost of our power? By the law of nations [Vat. 251. sec. 1.] “Whosoever uses a citizen ill indirectly offends the state, which ought to protect their citizens, and his sovereign should revenge the injuries, punish the aggressor, and if possible oblige him to make entire satisfaction, since otherwise the citizen would not obtain the great end of the civil association, which is safety.”
I cannot then permit myself for a moment to suppose that a right so important, secured by ties so solemn, and so palpably violated, will not be protected, to the utmost of the power of the Congress of the U. S. by all the legislative means they possess, consistent with the sound principles of legislation, and good government.
By the constitution, Congress are to define and punish piracy: in defining piracy, I wish them not to exercise a wild but legal discretion, which is itself defined, “to discern by law what is just.” I will therefore call their attention to the subject, as it has been considered by the law of nations—the common & statute law of Great Britain. By the law of nations, [Mod. d. j. m. 57.] “the attacking a ship at sea and taking away some of the men to make them slaves is piracy.”
By the common law, [4. Blac. Com. 72—S. Inst. 109.] piracy consists in committing those acts of robbery and depredation upon the high seas which if committed upon land would be felony—
[4. B. C. c. 71] Every community have a right to inflict that punishment upon a pirate by the rule of self defence, which an individual would in a state of nature have been otherwise entitled to, for any invasion of his person or property. By the statute of Elizabeth, [43. Eliz.] it is enacted that whoever shall hereafter without lawful authority take any of her majesty's subjects against their will and detain them with force, or to make a prey or spoil of his person or goods upon deadly feud, or otherwise, should be adjudged and taken to be a felon, and should suffer the pains of death without benefit of clergy.
This statute was predicated upon a state of things in that country, not more intolerable than the present state of American seamen; nor can it be considered as an incorrect exercise of the discretion of Congress in defining piracy, to declare the impressment of our seamen, and consigning them to so abject a slavery as they are subject to on board British ships of war, piracy—when by the law of nations, by the common law, and by the statute of Elizabeth
we discover ourselves perfectly justified in so doing. And I trust we can never find ourselves less disposed to protect our citizens, than Britain has been to protect her subjects, nor of declaring that act piracy committed on the high sea, that Britain considers a felony of death committed on land. Nor can we feel any difficulty in imposing the pains of death on the offender, for a piracy on personal liberty, when we impose it in all cases of piracy on property, and when we consider that it is the punishment imposed, by all nations, in every case of piracy. This brings me to the second section of the bill, which justifies the repelling force by force, and gives a premium for destroying the pirate, whom all writers denounce as out-laws and enemies of the human race, and hold it lawful to destroy. Sir Edward Coke [3 Inst. 113] says “a pirate, to use his own words, is an Hostis humani Generis ,” which is an enemy to the human race. [Merr. C. 4, s. 4. Co. Lit. 128.] “That an out-lawed felon is said to have Caput Tulpinum , that he might be knocked on the head like a wolf by any one that should meet him, and judge [4 Bl. 70.] Blackstone, tells us in more modern times, that a pirate has renounced all the benefits of society and government, and has reduced himself afresh to the savage state of nature; by declaring war against all mankind, all mankind must declare war against him: so that every community hath a right by the rule of self defence, to inflict that punishment upon him, which every individual would in a state of nature have been otherwise entitled to do, for any invasion of his person or property. By the law of nations [Vat. 137, § 159.] “The right of punishing, which in a state of nature belonged to each individual, is founded in the right of safety. Every man has therefore a right to preserve himself from injury, and by force to provide for his own security, against those who unjustly attack him. Nor are we left to the elementary writers alone to support this doctrine. “The very point has been judicially determined in the [Fost. C. L. 154.] case of Alex. Broadfoot, who was indicted for the murder of Cornelius Calahan, and acquitted by Judge Foster's direction to the jury. The case was this—captain Hanway had a press warrant, with this direction inserted in the body of it. “You are not to intrust any person with the execution of this warrant but a commission officer, and to insert his name and office in the deputation on the other side hereof.” He endorsed, “I do hereby depute A. B. a lieu. of the Mortar sloop to impress, &c. On 25th April, 1742, Capt. Hanway being at anchor, in Kingroad, at Bristol, ordered the ship's boat down the channel, to press as they should see an opportunity; the lieu. staid on board with the captain. In the evening the boat came up with the Bremen Factor, in that part of the channel, in the county of the city of Bristol, some of the crew went on board in order to press men, who being informed that one or two of the Bremen's men were concealed in the hold, Calahan with three others went thither in search of them, whereupon Broadfoot, one of the Bremen's men (who had provided a blunderbuss for defence against the press gang) calld out, and asked them what they came for; he was answered by some of the press gang, “we come for you and your comrades.” Whereupon he cried out keep back, I have a blunderbuss loaded with swan shot.” Upon this the other stopped, but did not retire. He then cried out, where is your lieutenant? and being answered “he is not far off,” immediately fired among them; by this shot Calahan was killed, and one or two of the press gang wounded—And in this case, as you perceive, Broadfoot was acquitted by the direction of the Judge. Then if an Englishman may kill an Englishman in the attempt to impress him, because the authority was incorrectly executed, can we feel a doubt that an American may kill an Englishman when by no possibility there can be any colour of authority; and that too without the jurisdiction and limits of the British empire, when sailing under the protection of the American flag—I can feel no doubt.
And as to giving a bounty for killing this hostis humani generis , wearing the caput lupinum , I trust there can be no objection, when we consider the practice of other states and nations, particularly Britain herself, who by the statute of George II. [8 Geo. 2, c. 24] gives a bounty to encourage the destruction of pirates. The statute is in these words: “That to encourage the defence against pirates, the commanders or seamen wounded, and the widows of such seamen as are slain in any piratical engagement, shall be entitled to a bounty to be divided among them, not exceeding the value of one-fifth part of the cargo on board.” Can we then with the example of Britain before our eyes giving bounty for the protection of property, feel any reluctance in giving a bounty for the protection of liberty? Can it be possible that Britain shall protect the property of her subjects, with more vigilance and circumspection than America will

protect the liberty and lives of her citizens? I will not for a moment permit the hateful idea to torment me. It cannot be so. As these provisions are mere declarations of the law, that our seamen may know their rights, and resist the unlawful force with safety; and as the exercise of this repulsive force may induce severities and death itself, it becomes necessary to secure the exercise of it by the provisions of this act. Therefore the next clause is introduced authorizing the President to retaliate in case of any cruelties exercised on our seamen. This is dictated by the soundest policy, legitimated by the law of nations, and recognized by our own laws. By the law of nations, [Vat. 426, § 341] "when a sovereign is not satisfied with the manner in which his subjects are treated by the law and custom of another nation, he is at liberty to declare he will treat the subjects of that nation in the same manner his subjects are treated; this is called the Law of Retortion; there is nothing in this but what is conformable to sound politics. [Vat. 439, § 351] At Athens the law permitted the relations of him who had been assassinated to seize three of the natives of that country, and detain them till the murderer was punished or delivered up—and our own law recognizes this principle. By the act of 3 March, 1799, it is provided, that if any seamen, who shall have been impressed on board any vessel of the powers at war with France, who shall be taken by France, and hath suffered death, or any corporal punishment by the authority of France or any officer under their authority, the President shall cause the most rigorous retaliation to be executed on any citizen of the French republic that may be taken under the laws of the U. S. But perhaps it may be insisted these were Frenchmen , and not entitled to the same measure of justice as Englishmen . By the law of nations [Vat. 434, § 354] these measures are milder than war, which involves the innocent with the guilty. "The prince therefore who attempts this method, instead of coming to an open rupture, is doubtless worthy of peace, on account of his moderation and prudence; but they who run to arms without necessity, are scourges to the human race, barbarians, enemies to society, and rebels to the law of nations, or rather to the common Father of mankind."
This brings me to the last section of the bill, which secures the impressed seaman compensation for his false imprisonment, not far beyond the wages in the merchant service, and authorizes the attachment of so much of the debts to British subjects, as may be necessary for that purpose—there being no other means of redress. All mankind will declare it just, and Britain herself has judicially established the principle in the case decided by C. J. Pratt afterwards Lord Camden, [Say. Dam. 219.] The case was in an action for false imprisonment. The Earl of Halifax, one of his majesty's principal secretaries of state, granted a warrant without previous information, against a journeyman printer of the North Briton, who was kept six hours and treated civilly, 300 pounds damages were given. On a motion for a new trial because of excessive damages—Pratt, chief justice, declared, that as it was a general warrant and an attack on public liberty and against Magna Charta, and as they attempted to justify its legality, there ought to be exemplary damages, and in all cases wherever an injury is done under the color of authority, as where an officer under an authority to impress exceeds that authority—Motion over-ruled.
It will not then be said by an American Congress, that for the false imprisonment of an American seaman sixty dollars per month can be too high, for his bondage on board a British ship of war, exposed to every hardship, when a British subject for six hours confinement with civil treatment, had eight hundred dollars damages by a British jury; nor can the method of recovering the same be opposed upon sound principles. [Vat. 431. sec. 350.] By the law of nations "justice is said to be denied, when the subject is not permitted to establish his right in the ordinary tribunals of justice, or when great and unreasonable delay is effected; equivalent to a refusal. And it can never be said, that after ten years spent in fruitless negotiation, and after we have been informed by the President, "that every spark of hope is extinguished, and the cup of humiliation drained to its dregs," that the delay is not unreasonable and equivalent to a refusal. And we are authorized by the law of nations, [Vat. 151. sec. 1.] to retaliate, to enforce if possible , the making the citizen entire satisfaction . It may be objected, however, that this remedy is in violation of the treaty of London of 19 Nov. 1794, which secures the inviolability of British debts; but it will be recollected that this violation on our part, is induced by the violation of the same treaty by Great Britain by an attack on the liberty of the citizen, and it can never be said that we are not justified by claiming the damages we have received by a violation on personal liberty , as a correct set off against any damages they may receive by a breach of the same contract, by an attack on personal property . It can never be in the eye of justice, and in a land of liberty, that property is more to be respected than liberty , nor can we feel ourselves authorized when the law of retaliation, and self preservation which are written on the heart of man by the finger of omnipotence, holds us justified. Nor, when we consider that we ourselves have totally annulled and declared void the treaty with France, because of her violation of her treaty by the spoliations on our commerce; refusing to do us justice can we hesitate to make this partial repeal of the treaty with Britain so far only
as is necessary to do our oppressed seamen justice, by the sacrifice of British property , at the shrine of American liberty , when we reflect that it is the only means whereby we can renunciate our inslaved seamen for their cruel bondage—that the safety of the people is the supreme law, and that we are the centinels, to protect their rights, & avenge their wrongs.
[SENATE, UNITED STATES.]
FEBRUARY 13.
Agreeably to notice given yesterday, Mr. Adams asked and obtained leave to bring in the following bill, which was read & passed to the second reading.
A BILL to prevent the abuse of the privileges and immunities enjoyed by foreign ministers within the U. S.
BE it enacted, by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That from and after the passage of this act, if any foreign ambassador, minister, or other person entitled to enjoy within the U. S. the privileges and immunities of a foreign minister, shall commit any violation of the municipal laws, which, if committed by a person amenable to the ordinary judicial authority of the place, where such ambassador, minister, or other person, may be at the time of committing such offence, would be indictable by a grand jury, and punishable by death, by corporal punishment, or by imprisonment or confinement, to labor, the President of the U. S. upon application made to him by the executive authority of the state or territory where such offence may be committed, or upon the complaint to him of any person injured or aggrieved by such offence so committed, and upon proof of the facts, satisfactory to the said President, being furnished to him in support of such application or complaint, shall be, and hereby is, authorized to demand of the sovereign of the said offending ambassador, minister, or other person, justice upon the offender, and reparation to any person, or persons thus injured or aggrieved; and in case of the refusal or neglect of the said sovereign, to comply with such demand for justice and reparation, the President of the U. S. is hereby further authorized to order such ambassador, minister, or other person so offending, to depart from the U. S. and the territories thereof; or to send him home to his sovereign according to the aggravation of the offence, and at his the said President's discretion.
SEC. 2. And be it further enacted, That from and after the passage of this act, if any foreign ambassador, minister, or other person entitled to enjoy within the U. S. the privileges and immunities of a foreign minister, shall within the U. S. or the territories thereof, commit any act of hostility, or enter into any conspiracy against the government of the U. S. or shall personally insult or treat with disrespect the President of the U. S. for the time being, the said President shall be, and is hereby authorized at his discretion, to order the said ambassador, minister, or other person so offending, to withdraw from the seat of government and the territory of Columbia, or to depart from the U. S. and the territories thereof; and in case of refusal or neglect by such ambassador, minister, or other person as aforesaid, to obey such order within a reasonable time, of which the said President shall judge, the said President shall be, and is hereby further authorized to order the said ambassador, minister, or other person as aforesaid, home to his sovereign; and in either case to demand of the said sovereign, the punishment of such offending ambassador, minister, or other person as aforesaid, according to the nature and aggravation of the offence, and conformable to the law of nations.
SEC. 3. And be it further enacted, That in every case, when the President of the U. S. shall, under the authority of this act, order any foreign ambassador, minister, or other person entitled to enjoy within the U. S. the privileges and immunities of a foreign minister, to withdraw from the seat of government and the territory of Columbia; or to depart from the U. S. and the territories thereof; or shall send any such offending ambassador, minister, or other person as aforesaid, home to his sovereign; the said President shall, in the order given to such ambassador, minister, or other person as aforesaid to depart, or to withdraw, signify the offence upon which such order shall be founded; and shall assign to the sovereign of the said ambassador, minister, or other person as aforesaid, the reasons for which such order shall have been given, or for which the said ambassador, minister, or other person as aforesaid, shall be sent home; particularly specifying that such proceedings are not on account of any national differences, but on account of the personal misconduct of such ambassador, minister, or other person as aforesaid.
On the 28th ult. GOVERNOR LEWIS delivered an address on opening the session of the legislature of New-York, from which we make the following extracts.
"Since last I had the honor of addressing you within these walls, occurrences have arisen involving the dearest interest of our country. Our exterior relations have assumed an aspect threatening to that tranquility, the basis of national prosperity, we have so long enjoyed. Principles unknown to the maritime laws of nations, have been adopted and enforced in the prize courts of some of the belligerent powers of Europe, repressive of our commercial enterprise, and destructive of a most important branch of our foreign trade. Violations of territorial rights, and breaches of national faith solemnly pledg-
ed, have swelled the catalogue of our wrongs. The issue of these dark forebodings is as yet hidden from us. Should the result be open hostility, it behoves us to place ourselves in that state of preparation which shall preserve our rights and protect our honor. In the event of war, the possession of our seaports would be a leading object of military achievement. The one which forms the depot of the surplus product of the agriculture and commerce of this state, is, of all others, the most unprotected. On this interesting subject, representations have been made by the corporation and merchants of the city of New-York to the general government. I have also written to the President of the U. S. But, from the amount of the appropriation proposed to be made for the fortification of harbors, by a recent report of a committee of the House of Representatives, nothing very efficient is to be looked for, from that quarter. It remains then, gentlemen, a question for your consideration, whether in this state of things you will not make an effort towards the protection of the key of your state, and the seat of your wealth. The expence will certainly be great. It may, however, by judicious management be rendered so gradual as to be little oppressive. Guided by the report before mentioned, we are led to the conclusion, that the federal administration contemplate a defence of our harbors by gun-boats principally. These may form an important item in a general plan; but in my conception, can only be effectual when acting in concert with land batteries. Should it be thought advisable to commit this subject, I will lay before the committee such information and plans as I am possessed of. Meanwhile I cannot omit calling to your recollection, gentlemen, the act of the 22d March, 1800, by which the state stands pledged for the expenditure of a sum in fortification equal to that assumed by the U. S. in the debt of this state. The amount of that assumption was one million two hundred thousand dollars; of which the state subscribed one million one hundred and eighty thousand seven hundred and sixteen dollars sixty nine cents; equal in specie, upon the principles of adjustment established by the act of Congress of the 15th of February, 1799, to the sum of seven hundred and sixty-eight thousand three hundred and twenty dollars fourteen cents. In part satisfaction of this debt the state has received a credit on the books of the treasury of the U. S. for one hundred and thirty six thousand five hundred and thirty three dollars and eighty-two cents, expended previous to the passing of said last mentioned act, and is entitled to a further credit, for expenditures subsequent thereto, of one hundred and seven thousand seven hundred and nineteen dollars seventy cents (which I have directed the comptroller to adjust with the secretary of the treasury of the U. S.) leaving a balance still to be expended by the state, of five hundred and twenty four thousand and sixty-six dollars seventy cents, to entitle her to a discharge from all demands on the part of the U. S.
"During the last recess I have had an opportunity of reviewing and inspecting a considerable section of the militia, whose military improvement and soldierly deportment far exceeded my most sanguine expectations. Such has been the progress of many regiments that they are capable of performing several important evolutions, with a celerity and precision that would not disgrace regular troops.—The greatest defect met with, particularly among the inhabitants of the new settlements, is the want of arms. Many of our hardest and most robust citizens are destitute of the means of procuring them—and where this is not the case the country does not furnish a number sufficient for all those whose pecuniary circumstances would enable them to purchase—nor are the arms they have, such as they should be—numbers of them are in bad order, from the want of skilful workmen to keep them in repair—various also in sort and size—a circumstance which, in time of actual service, would be productive of great embarrassment. A difference of caliber alone, from a consequent variety required in the size of cartridges, caused inconveniences during our revolutionary war, too serious ever again to be hazarded, without incurring the imputation of criminal neglect. The only remedy for the evil which promises to be effectual is, to arm the militia at the expence of the state. Many are the advantages which would result from the measure. All would become contributors towards the general defence. The arms might be one stamp—nearly of the same quality—and in case of invasion, we should not be destitute of an indispensable mean of self preservation. Should you, gentlemen, resolve on this measure, the preferable methods of procuring and preserving them are to be considered. To import them from abroad in the present convulsed state of Europe is probably impracticable. And were it otherwise, there are, in my opinion, irresistible inducements to give a preference to home manufacture. We shall ensure an exemption from impositions which have been heretofore practised upon us. Possessing the crude materials within ourselves, we shall under no circumstances render an essential mean of defence precarious, from hostile interruptions of our commerce—we shall give encouragement to our own artisans, and promote the consumption of staple commodities, of which, our rapidly progressing industry promises ere long to produce quantities which shall seek a foreign market in vain. In preference of contracts, which are ever the fruitful source of controversy, I should recommend the establishment of a manufactory, under the direction of proper officers of the government, upon such a scale as the resources of the state shall justify. With
attention and economy this mode promises to be least expensive, and most effectual. Virginia I am informed has such an establishment, where five thousand stand of small arms are annually produced, at an average expence of not more than ten dollars per-piece. When a sufficient number are provided they may be distributed among the different regiments, to be deposited in an armory, to be erected in some central position within the limits of each, under the charge of an armorer, provided and supported at the expence of the country. On field days they might be delivered for use, on the responsibility of the proper officers, to be returned as soon as the parade shall terminate.
"Application was made to the legislature at their last session, by a gentleman of the city of New-York, for aid in the support of a botanic garden, which he had recently established. At the request of some of the members, I, in the course of the last summer paid it two visits, and am so satisfied with the plan and arrangements, that I cannot but believe, if not permitted to languish, it will be productive of great general utility. The objects of the proprietor are, a collection of indigenous, and the introduction of exotic plants, shrubs, &c. and by an intercourse with similar establishments, which are arising in the eastern and southern states, to insure the useful and ornamental products of southern to northern, and of northern to southern climes. In the articles of grasses, I was pleased to see a collection of one hundred and fifty different kinds. A portion of ground is allotted to agricultural experiments, which cannot but be beneficial to an agricultural people. When it is considered that this branch of natural history embraces all the individuals of the vegetable, which afford subsistence to the animal world, compose a large portion of the medicines used in the practice of physics, and many of the ingredients essential to the useful arts, its utility and importance is not to be questioned. But in a country young as ours, the experimental sciences cannot be expected to arrive at any degree of excellence, without the patronage and bounty of government; for individual fortune is not adequate to the task."
New-York, Feb. 15.
The Hornet arrived at this port last evening in 7 days from Charleston, for orders.
We have received by the brig Hornet a regular file of Charleston papers to the 6th inst. which furnish us with some marine articles, and with intelligence from London of the 19th Dec. one day later than our former advices from that quarter, brought by the Independence from Greenock. No additional information direct from the armies had reached London on the 19th. On the first day of the great battle, the Russians are said to have missed their way, by which circumstance the French prefited, and threw their centre into disorder. The contest continued with various success until night, and was renewed the day following, when the French were defeated, and the Russians retired to their former position near Austerlitz. In this account the loss on both sides is estimated at 20,000.
The Batavian government has given notice that the Elbe and the Weser are in the possession of his Britannic majesty's forces.
The archduke Charles, at the head of 90,000 men, had effected his retreat, and formed a junction with the archduke John. Both were represented as advancing for Germany by forced marches.
From Hamburgh we are given to understand that the proposed mediation of Prussia had been rejected by Bonaparte; that the former had taken the field, and that his armies were in motion towards Franconia. It is further stated that the duke of Brunswick's head-quarters have been transferred to Göttingen; that the king, with the garrison of Berlin, has gone towards Saxony; and that the Prussian troops were evacuating Hanover.
From the London Globe.
We have just received an account that a general engagement has taken place between the grand army under Bonaparte, consisting of 143,000 men, and the united Austrians and Russians, under the Emperors of Austria and Russia, in which the French were completely defeated, with the loss of 27,000 men, and Bonaparte lost an arm. The battle is said to have been long and obstinate. The French were in consequence of their defeat, obliged to evacuate Vienna. Government, we are informed, have received advices to the above effect. Our private letters from Hamburgh, state the loss of the French at 30,000. We have this moment heard, that a Paris paper has been received, which gives an account of the engagement, and admits the loss to be 20,000, but contends that it was a drawn battle. If a Paris paper contains such a statement, we may safely conclude, that the French have sustained a most signal defeat. The funds instantly rose one-half per cent. upon this report. Before two o'clock, it obtained very general circulation, and has produced a great sensation.
LONDON, Dec. 16.
The intelligence from the archduke Charles is much more favorable than we could hope for, though we had reason to expect every thing from him that could be effected by perseverance, coolness and prudence. He has effected his retreat at the head of 90,000 men, has formed a junction with the archduke John, and both are advancing by forced marches for Germany.
December 17.
The Hamburgh mail due on Wed-
nesday last, arrived last night, and this morning the three other mails that were due also, reached the post office.
By these mails the important intelligence has been received, that the Emperor of the French has rejected the mediation of his Prussian majesty; and the latter has taken the field, and his armies are in motion towards Franconia. Such is the substance of the intelligence from Hamburgh.
It is further stated, that the duke of Brunswick's head quarters have been transferred to Göttingen; that the king with the garrison of Berlin, has gone towards Saxony; and that the Prussian troops are evacuating Hanover. All these movements have probably one object; the concentration of a strong force to embarras Bonaparte, and force him to settle before he can approach his reinforcements by a retreat. It would be ridiculous, however, to pretend to develope the probable movements of the allies. A little time will unfold them, and demonstrate how far their circumstances have been improved by the accession of Prussia—an event that seems calculated to produce the most important consequences.
December 19.
Letters have been received from Paris, which state that on the 28th ult. Bonaparte sent gen. Savary with a letter to the Emperor Alexander. In this communication the former addressed his imperial majesty with the title of "Sire, my Brother;" he complimented the Russian emperor on his arrival at Moravia, assured him of his entire esteem, in the most obliging language, and expressed a wish to merit the friendship of that sovereign.
The Emperor Alexander directed his answer to "the chief of the French nation." His letter was couched in polite terms. His imperial majesty declared that he was desirous of a lasting peace; and to the attainment of that object he was as ready to contribute his assistance as Napoleon. He concluded by beseeching the Almighty to have the latter in his holy keeping.
FROM THE ENGLISH CHRONICLE. Two o'clock.—At this moment we have received a copy of the following bulletin, circulated in the public offices:—
"A general skirmishing took place on the 9th Nov. between Brunn and Olmutz, and continued to the 2d Dec. when a general action took place near Vienna. The Russians attacked the enemy for 12 hours, and without firing a musket, killed 27,000 with the bayonet, and took the whole of their artillery. Bonaparte was severely wounded, and requested an armistice, which was refused him. The remains of his army were at Vienna, and the emperor of Russia advancing in his rear with 140,000 men.
"There has also been an action between the Archduke Charles and Massena, in which the latter were defeated with the loss of 7000 killed and 10,000 wounded.
BERLIN, Dec. 7.
It was not on the 27th, but the 25th of November, that Count Hargwitz arrived at the head quarters of the emperor Napoleon. No advices, however, had been received from that minister so late as yesterday, in the afternoon. If the emperor of the French does not accept the propositions of which he is the bearer, the war will be most terrible, and Prussia will exert all her strength to maintain her ancient glory. The genius of the great Frederick appears to animate the whole army, and the enthusiasm of all classes throughout the Prussian monarchy is extreme.
The young volunteers present themselves in crowds, to offer their services to their country—and the Austrian prisoners of war, who desert by hundreds, come to enlist among our troops. Several new regiments are raising, and the army will by these means be soon augmented to 300,000 men.
The garrison of Berlin began its march on Friday, and that of Potsdam on Wednesday. The brothers of the king set out on the same day; the eldest commands the foot guards, and the second the body guards. The equipages of the king have likewise set out, but the day of his majesty's departure is not yet determined. His serene highness the duke of Brunswick has arrived here, and waits for further orders respecting the destination of his army. This army, and that of Prince Hohenlohe, will bear the name of the "Army of the King;" it will be subdivided into two divisions, which will be called "the corps of the duke of Brunswick," and "the corps of prince Hohenlohe."
Dec. 9.—In the course of yesterday and the preceding day, several couriers arrived here with dispatches relative to the great battle fought in Moravia on the 2d and 4th inst. between the Russian and French armies. But as the accounts received rest only on verbal reports, we have nothing certain on the subject, except that a very murderous battle has taken place, and that the emperor Alexander fought with indomitable courage at the head of his guards. This great monarch did not spare himself, but led on his brave soldiers to the hottest of the fire.
The first day the battle was extremely bloody. The Russians had missed their way, by which circumstance the French profited, and fell on the Russian centre, which they threw into disorder, and the battle continued with various success till night.
On the following morning the battle was renewed; the Russian left wing pressed on with indomitable bravery; the French were entirely defeated, and the Russians returned to their former position near Austerlitz. The loss in killed on both sides is estimated at 20,000 men.
Prince Pangration distinguished himself in a very eminent manner.

This is all that is known from the couriers that have arrived here to-day.
MORAVIA, Dec. 4.
In the battle on the 2d, the Russians, by the attack of the French, had lost part of their artillery, but towards evening general Kutusow retook the artillery, and rescued the greater part of the prisoners.
On the 3d the battle was renewed, and the fortune of arms declared in favour of the combined army, which resumed its position near Austernitz, and prepared for a new attack on the 5th.
Victory or death was the word in the battle, which was one of the most bloody in modern history. The contest was decided by the bayonet and the sabre.
The Russian guards under the grand duke Constantine, fought with the greatest bravery; the Austrian cavalry likewise contributed greatly to the decision of the battle on the 3d.
HAMBURG, Dec. 11.
We learn by a letter from Troppau, of the date of the 4th, that a prodigious quantity of blood was shed, and that fortune varied in the two armies. A letter from Berlin, dated the 9th, received here by Estasette, informs us, that the battle lasted 3 days and a half. Fortune seemed, in the beginning of it, to be in favor of the French, the Russians having lost part of their artillery; but on the 4th she declared completely for the Russians, who fought only with the bayonet and sabre, and the French were forced to retreat upon Vienna. The enormous loss of men on both sides is incredible. A person of the highest importance was, we are assured, in the greatest danger, and was only saved, we are assured, by the sacrifice of a part of his body guards. Such is the intelligence we have received; we expect with impatience the official accounts.
FRANCONIA, Dec. 6.
The first column of Prussian troops, under the command of the prince de Hohenlohe, has arrived in the environs of November.
The Saxon army has orders to begin its march; its head quarters will be provisionally at Kessenfels.
HAAG, Dec. 7.
Prince Louis, as chief in command of the army of the North, is arrived at Antwerp, where 13,000 troops are connected; 5000 more have marched thro' Cologne.
GOTTINGEN, Dec. 6.
Large detachments of Prussian troops have for several days been passing thro' this city, and march towards the Hessian frontiers. Yesterday the military chest arrived under a strong escort.
HANOVER, Dec. 11.
Eight thousand more Swedish troops are arrived at Mecklenburg; on their way to Lauenburg. The Russians have formally commenced the siege of Hameln.
CZASLAW, Nov. 28.
The head-quarters of the archduke Ferdinand have been here since the 24th. The French have advanced to within three leagues of this place, and we were expecting a battle; but we now learn that the corps of the archduke Ferdinand which is estimated at 30,000 men, will join the Russian armies of the Generals Kutusow and Buxhowden.
LEIPSIC, Dec. 11.
It is said that the troops of a certain Power will soon begin to act.
In some accounts the loss on both sides in killed and wounded in the great battle on the 2d and 3d inst. is estimated at 30,000 men.
VENICE, Nov. 6.
The French have already taken possession of Terra Firma opposite the city of Venice, with Mestre, Fusina, &c. Marshal Massena follows the archduke closely, and the first columns of the army of gen. St. Cyr, from the Neapolitan territory, have already passed the Po near Ferrara, to join marshal Massena. The archduke has therefore a formidable force against him, to oppose which he has concentrated all his strength, and taken the garrison from this city, which has sailed to Acquiina, or Trieste. We have, therefore, at present, no troops here. There is, however, a strong garrison at Chioggia (3 leagues south of Venice) and San Secondo. Both islands have been strongly fortified by the Austrians.
WASHINGTON CITY.
WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 19.
The following letters are given in the Philadelphia Gazette of the 14th inst. Those of the Marquis Yrujo are of too unique a cast to be omitted. They display traits of diplomacy, which, we believe, are without parallel. It would be altogether a work of supererogation to say a word in reprobation either of the substance or the style of these productions. If the public prints, of all parties and of every complexion, are considered as criteria of public opinion, the deportment of the Marquis has lost him not only the confidence of the government, but the respect and esteem of every American, who feels a proper respect for himself or his government.
NO. I.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE, January 15, 1805.
SIR,
In consequence of the just objections which your conduct had furnished against your countenance here, as the organ of communication on the part of his Catholic majesty, it was signified at Madrid in the month of April last, through the mission of the U. S. there, that the substitution of another was desired by the President.
In reply it was intimated by Mr. Cevallos, that as you had yourself expressed a wish and obtained permission to return to Spain, the purpose might be accomplished without the necessity of a recall, and that such a change in the mode would be agreeable to your government; in a spirit of conciliation the arrangement proposed by Mr. Cevallos was admitted; and it was not doubted, that it would without delay have been carried into effect. It is seen therefore not without surprise, that at this late day, you should have repaired to the seat of government, as if nothing had occurred, rendering such a step improper. Under these circumstances, the President has charged me to signify to you, that your remaining at this place is dissatisfactory to him, and that although he cannot permit himself to insist on your departure from the U. S. during an inclement season, he expects it will not be unnecessarily postponed, after this obstacle has ceased.
I am charged by the President, at the same time, to let it be fully understood that the considerations which have led to this explanation, being altogether personal, they are perfectly consistent with the ready admission of a successor, and with all the attention, which can be due to whatever communications his Catholic majesty may please to make, with a view to cultivate harmony and friendship between the two nations.
I have the honor to be, sir, with due consideration and respect, your most obedient servant,
(Signed)
JAMES MADISON, The Marquis de Casa Yrujo.
NO. II.
[TRANSLATION.] Washington, Jan. 15, 1805.
SIR,
I have just received your letter of yesterday in which you are pleased to tell me, that from the President of the U. S. having solicited my recall in Madrid, in the month of April last, he has heard with surprise my arrival in this city, the residence of government, and that he thinks this step of mine improper, adding at the same time, that my stay here would be dissatisfactory to him. As the object of my journey is not with the view to hatch plots, to excite conspiracies, or to promote any attempt whatever against the government of the U. S. and as hitherto I have not either directly or indirectly committed acts of a similar tendency, which alone would justify the tenor and object of your letter; to which I reply, my arrival here is an innocent and legal act, which leaves me in the full enjoyment of all my rights and privileges, both as a public character, or as a private individual. Making use therefore, of these rights and privileges, I intend remaining in this city, four miles square, in which the government resides, long as it may suit the interest of the king my master, or my own personal convenience; I must at the same time add that I shall not lose sight of these two circumstances, as respect the period & season in which our mutual desires for my departure from the U. S. are to be accomplished.
In regard to the objections which this government, in its wisdom, is pleased to call just, respecting the demand of my removal, I shall take the liberty of observing that although this government no doubt may have had their reasons to solicit it, they hitherto have forgotten to communicate them to mine; for Mr. Monroe's official letter to Mr. Cevallos on this subject merely contains vague, undetermined, general assertions destitute of any proof whatever. It is true, that he alludes to an attempt of mine to bribe a citizen of the U. S. but it is equally so that as this assertion of government is grounded on a reference to a testimony already proved incorrect, I may without wounding the feelings of, or be wanting in that respect which I owe this administration, permit myself to call it false and calumnious.
Independent of that, in the letter I had the honor of writing to you, sir, early in Sept. 1804, in which this business was completely and satisfactorily explained, if in fact the Editor of the Commercial Register could ever be considered as an organ of truth, what would the American people think of their chief magistrate, of the heads of the departments and of the acts of this administration?
It is not my intention to endeavor to change by this explanation, the disposition of this government towards my person; my object is solely to fulfil the duty my situation imposes on me of again repelling an imputation, which is as improbable in itself as it is calumnious against both my public & private character.
I shall therefore, sir, communicate your letter of yesterday, to my government: I shall also inform it of my answer thereto; and whenever, by order of the king my master, I am to return to Spain, I shall quit the U. S. with sentiments of affection towards a virtuous people, in whose bosom I have lived ten years, with the intimate testimony of having never committed any grounded offence against their government; and above all, with the consoling satisfaction of having employed all my zeal and feeble talents in defence of the rights of the best of kings.
I have the honor to be, sir, &c. EL MARQUIS DE CASA YRUJO. James Madison, Esq.
NO. III.
[TRANSLATION.] Washington, 19th Jan. 1806.
SIR,
Having gone through the personal explanations, which for just motives I was compelled to enter into in my first answer to your letter of the 15th inst. I must now inform you, sir, what otherwise would then have constituted my
sole reply; namely, that the Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of His Catholic Majesty near the U. S. receives no orders except from his Sovereign. I must also declare to you, sir, that I consider both the style and tenor of your letter as indecorous, & its object an infraction of the privileges attached to my public character. This violation of the diplomatic rights & privileges, as inexcusable in itself as it is ill grounded, requires on my part the most solemn protest against your said letter, its stile, and the intent with which it was addressed to me. I do therefore protest in the most solemn manner I possibly can against this improper step of yours, sir, a step, which under the existing circumstances, is as contrary to the diplomatic laws and usages, as it is to the spirit of the constitution and government of this country; and in order that your conduct, sir, in this case, may not in any manner affect the privileges of the body to which I have the honor to belong, I shall immediately transmit to the other members thereof accredited near the U. S. a copy of your said letter, of my first answer and of this my protest, that on their part they may make the proper use thereof, & also that it may always appear that if there has existed on the part of this administration an arbitrary determination to violate the rights of embassy, respected by every civilized nation, there did also exist in me the just resolution of repelling any similar attempt.
I have the honor to be, &c. THE MARQUIS DE CASA YRUJO. James Madison, Esq.
The SENATE were yesterday principally occupied with the bill to prohibit commercial intercourse with the island of St. Domingo, which, after undergoing various amendments, was ordered to a third reading this day.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
MONDAY, FEB. 17.
Mr. John C. Smith from the committee of Claims, made a report on the petition of Oliver Pollock. The report states that the petitioner appears to be entitled to a part of his claim, which is cognizable by the treasury. They, therefore, recommend that he have leave to withdraw his petition.
Agreed to. The House went into a committee of the whole—Mr. VARNUM in the chair; on the report of the committee of Commerce and Manufactures on the petition of Nicklin and Griffiths. The report states the following circumstances. The petitioners bought from Joseph Anthony, and co. a vessel possessed of an American register. Some time after the purchase, it was discovered that J. eph Anthony, and Co. were indebted to—Coulon, a foreigner, for a part of this ship; in consequence of which the collector refused considering her an American ship. The petitioners pray that this vessel may receive an American register; in which the committee of Commerce and Manufactures concur.
Messrs. Crowninshield, J. Clay, Nicholson, and Ely, supported; and Messrs. Conrad and Macon opposed the report; which was agreed to—Ayes 56—Noes 31.
The committee rose and reported their agreement to the report of the committee of Commerce and Manufactures. The House immediately took up the report, concurred therein, and ordered a bill to be brought in.
The bill declaring Jersey, in the state of New-Jersey, a port of delivery, and for erecting a lighthouse on Wood Island, or Fletcher's Neck, in the state of Massachusetts, having passed through a committee of the whole, was ordered to a third reading to-morrow.
The House went into a committee of the whole—Mr. VARNUM in the chair—on the bill authorising George Rapp, and his associates, to locate a township of land in the Indiana territory.
On motion of Mr. Conrad, the first payment was required to be made in four, instead of six years.
On motion of Mr. Leib an amendment was made requiring the location to be made before the 1st day of January next.
Mr. Clark, though opposed to the principle of the bill, thought, if it passed, the settlers should not be embarrassed by any obligation to cultivate the vine. He therefore moved to strike out that part of the bill which relates to this object.
Motion lost—Ayes 42—Noes 51.
Mr. Crowninshield moved so to amend the bill as to charge interest on the six last payments, from the expiration of the four years when the first payment is required to be made.
Motion lost.
After a variety of other motions to modify the provisions of the bill, most of which were negatived, the committee rose, and reported their agreement to the bill.
The House immediately took the report into consideration. After various motions to amend the bill, most of which were disagreed to, a motion, similar to that made in the committee by Mr. Crowninshield, was made—When, without deciding upon it, the House about four o'clock adjourned.
TUESDAY, FEB. 18, 1806. The House took up the unfinished business of yesterday. When the yeas and nays were taken on the amendment proposed to the bill authorising George Rapp, and his associates, to locate a township in the Indiana territory—requiring the payment of interest on all the instalments except the first, which was carried—Yeas 60—Nays 44. When the bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading to-day.
A message was received from the President of the U. S. furnishing the information called for by a resolution of the 24th ult. relative to the expenditures on the various fortifications in the U. S. and those on the navy yards; which was referred to a committee of the whole on the state of the union.
The House went into a committee of the whole—Mr. DAWSON in the chair; on the bill to incorporate a Presbyterian church in Gerge Town.
After making several amendments, the committee rose and reported their agreement to the bill.
The House immediately took up the report.
Mr. Clark moved to strike out the first section. He said his object was to try the sense of the House on the principle of the bill. He was inimical to all incorporations, and particularly to those for religious purposes.
On this motion a debate ensued, which altogether turned on the policy of incorporating associations of individuals for any purposes, and especially for those of a religious nature.
As the arguments adduced on either side were the same with those usually urged on this point, we think it unnecessary to detail them.
Messrs. Clark, Sloan, and Rhea, supported; and Messrs. Findley, Southard, Smilie, Elmer, and Nicholson opposed the motion, which was lost—Ayes 29.
That part of the bill, which authorises the raising 3,000 dollars by lottery, was struck out.
Various other amendments were made, when the bill was ordered to a third reading to-morrow—Ayes 58.
A bill to empower George Rapp, and his associates, to purchase a tract of land was read the third time. On the question, shall the bill pass, the Yeas and Nays were called, and were Yeas 46—Nays 46.
The Speaker declaring himself to be with the Nays, the bill is lost.
COMMUNICATION.
Mr. Smilie says the accumulation of district business is a principal reason for his receding motion. Is it not very extraordinary that Congress should of late, owing to an almost uniform inattention to it, have suffered the business of the district of Columbia somewhat to accumulate; and that then the very circumstance of this accumulation should even be permitted gravely and with a very sanctified face, to be given them as a reason in favor of a measure pregnant with injury to the dearest interests of an establishment, with which many important advantages both of a general and local nature are connected? The motives of our house generally are doubtless pure; but the public will judge of those of individuals. A subordinate local government, such as was once digested and reported, would effectually relieve Congress from the whole burthen of your local business.—Why this project is apparently abandoned and is not even so much as called up, is difficult to determine. At any rate you are completely organized; your partial territorial systems are in operation; and if Congress would, in some shape or other, digest & dispose of the district business now before them I venture to predict they would have little trouble with it in future, even though they should not decide on a local legislature.
We are requested to contradict that part of a paragraph in this morning's Telegraph, which states that Mr. Adams saw official bulletins at Lisbon, containing advices of the destruction and dismemberment of the Russian army; no such relation ever having fallen from him.
Balt. Fed. Gaz.
Raleigh, N. C. Feb. 5.
We learn that Evan Alexander, esq. of Salisbury, has been elected a member of the House of Representatives of the U. S. for that district, to supply the vacancy occasioned by Dr. Alexander's appointment to the office of governor of this state. Mr. Robt. Locke of Rowan, was also a candidate. Mr. Alexander had a majority of votes in Rowan and Mecklenburg, and Mr. Locke in Cabarrus.
We are concerned to hear, that the commissioners of this state and South Carolina, appointed to fix the long disputed boundary-line betwixt the two states, have had their meeting at Charleston, in this state, according to adjournment; and though we had hoped, from the report made by our commissioners to the late General Assembly, that there was a fair prospect of an amicable adjustment of the business, the commissioners have separated without doing any thing.
Capt. Arnold, of the brig Susannah, from Gotteburgh, informs us, that on the 10th of January, in lat. 39, 40, long. 29, 30, he spoke the ship Iris, then out 29 days from Salem for Messina, who had been boarded on his passage and detained for a short time by a French fleet, consisting of eleven sail of the line, and seven frigates, out 21 days from Brest, steering in a south-westerly direction.
N. Y. Paper.
The board of admiralty have at length preferred a charge against rear admiral Sir Robert Calder, on the ground of "not having done his utmost to bring the enemy to a renewal of the action, on the second day off Cadiz." Mr. Erskine is retained in the defence of Sir Robert Calder.
Subscribers in arrears are requested immediately to transmit their dues. They will otherwise impose upon the Editor the disagreeable necessity of discontinuing their papers at this interesting period.
NEW STEAM ENGINE.
It is not without reason that a great many people think that the English nation is indebted to the Steam Engine for its present prosperity & wealth; it is by the force of that machine that she can spin, for a great portion of the earth, and that a great number of furnaces, forges, flitting and all sorts of mills have been put into motion, where it would have been a herculean impracticable, and has rendered the iron so abundant in that kingdom, that the erection of iron bridges over navigable waters, is a work practicable by single individuals. The introduction of the Steam Engine into the United States would certainly produce the same effect; but the great quantity of iron, which is required for her construction, and the complicated mechanism necessary to produce a motion of rotation from her natural motion of back and forward, will for some time prevent her adoption.
The publisher respectfully informs the public that he has invented a new way of procuring a motion of rotation on a wheel by the steam, very simple, and with a small quantity of iron, and at a small expense compared to the old way, for which invention he is intended to make application for a patent; but being obliged to leave the country for some time, he is willing to dispose of a part of his right thereto, and will attend to any who will favor him with a call by letter or otherwise; provided the letters be free from postage. His residence in this city is at Mr. Villard's, engineer to the U. S. Navy, for about a fortnight, at Philadelphia about the same time, and at New York until the last of next month. He will also communicate his idea on a way of procuring a blast for furnaces with two or three feet of water fall without a wheel, also a new method of drying corn or grain, without danger of scorching it, and a cheap way of making ale. He has also a good Horse to sell, with saddle and bridle.
JOHN JAMES DUFOUR. Washington city, Feb. 19—31
NOTICE.
A Benevolent gentleman has left with me a sum of money, and requested that I should expend it, in the purchase of Medicines for such of the poor as are sick in and about Georgetown. Those who cannot conveniently pay for medical assistance, will be furnished with medicines, and be regularly attended to during their illness gratuitously, by applying at my office, nearly opposite Mr. Gouding's grocery here in Bridge street. THOMAS B. WELL. Georgetown, Feb. 19—
Estate of James Greenleaf.
THE subscriber being legally & fully authorized by his affogees, to adjust and settle finally, all the concerns of his former estate, surrendered under the laws of Pennsylvania, of Maryland, and of the United States, hereby calls on all persons indebted to said estate, to make payment to him, and on all who have claims, to render him their accounts duly attested, together with notice of what property is still held in pledge for securing payment.
JAMES GREENLEAF. Philadelphia, Feb. 19—w4t
ESTATE
Of Morris, Nicholson and Greenleaf. THE subscriber, being legally & fully authorized, by the Trustees of a fund created from the joint and separate estates of Robert Morris, John Nicholson, and James Greenleaf, and generally denominated the "Aggregate Fund," hereby calls on all persons indebted to the same to make payment to him, and on all who have claims, either by mortgage or otherwise, to any of the objects of said fund, to make the same known to him with a view to an adjustment, and all persons disposed to purchase any of the property of said fund either for cash or on credit, are desired to make application to
JAMES GREENLEAF. Philadelphia, Feb. 19—w4t
NORTH AMERICAN LAND COMPANY.
THE subscriber having undertaken the entire guidance of the concerns of the North American Land Company, and being fully and legally authorized to that effect, by the President and Managers of the said company; hereby calls on all persons, possessing any property, title deeds, contracts, maps, &c. belonging to the company, to render up the same to him—and on all agents, surveyors, &c. heretofore employed in the service of the company, to communicate with him on the subject of their respective doings. He also calls on all persons indebted to the company for lands sold, to make payment, and on all who have claims, to render him their accounts duly attested.
ALL persons possessing information in relation to the concerns of the company, are respectfully requested to communicate the same by letter or otherwise, and if persons disposed to purchase any of the property of the company, for cash, or on credit, are desired to make application to
JAMES GREENLEAF, Secretary of the N. Am. Land Com. Philadelphia, Feb. 19—w8t
TYBER SPRING GARDEN.
GARDEN SEEDS.
MRS. HERDMAN, INFORMS her friends and customers that she has got a small collection of Fresh Garden Seeds, and also some very fine seeds of Peach trees and Lombardy Poplars, which she will dispose of on very low terms. Feb. 10—4w

Twenty Dollars Reward. WILL be given for apprehending and securing in jail a young Mulatto man slave named ANDREW. He was hired by me last year to Mr. Joseph Thomas who keeps the road to Alexandria, and absconded from that place about the latter end of August last. He is about 23 years of age, 5 feet 8 or 9 inches high, lanky and well made, has short curly hair, and is frequently subject to have several large pimples on his face. He is reckoned to be a sensible fellow of an easy agreeable address for a man in his low sphere of life. As he has not been heard of by me since his escape, I suspect he has had the audacity to ship himself as a freeman on board some vessel either at Alexandria or Baltimore. Whoever takes him up and secures him in jail shall receive from me the above reward, as soon as due information thereof is given to me or to Dr. N. F. Caufer at Port Tobacco. G. B. CAUSIN, Maryland Charles County, January 29—tf
A RAFFLE. To be Ruffled for—30 Chances, at Five Dollars each chance, payable before the raffle. AN ELEGANT HISTORICAL PAINTING, 32 by 44, in a superb gilt frame, executed at Rome by one of the most eminent artists in Italy. The above painting is to be seen at J. Marsh's Stationary Store, George Town, where subscriptions are received. The subscribers will be informed of the time and place of ruffling, as soon as the chances are disposed of. February 7—tf
WANTED, A WOMAN that understands plain cooking and house work; likewise a GIRL of about 14 years of age to take care of children—none need apply but those who can bring unexceptionable recommendations. Enquire at the and house from the west end of the Six Buildings and at this office. Nov. 27—tf
Iron Works and Mills FOR SALE.
THE Subscribers will sell by private bargain those valuable iron works, mills and mill seats, situate at or near the mouth of Anti Estum creek in Washington county, Md. within less than half a mile of Potomac river, together with all the lands in Md. thereunto belonging, supposed to be between 2000 and 3000 acres, a sufficient quantity of which, for the use of the works, is rich greis land. Also, all the negroes, (several of whom are skillful foremen) flock, and other property, personal or mixed, appertaining to the said estate. Also, all the property in Virginia belonging to the same, consisting of a small tract of land on the river nearly opposite to the iron works at Denton's aqueduct, which is known to contain iron ore in abundance—a part of the Keep Tryde Ore bank lately recovered, which is distant from the furnace at the Anti Estum works about four miles. Several lots in Shepherd's town, improved and unimproved; with the rights of the company, (which though now only conditional will be made complete) to the ferry across Potomac below Anti Estum, and the farm to which the same is annexed, containing between 150 and 200 acres of very good land—together with all rights and privileges to other ores, landing places, and conveniences held and claimed by the late firm of Richard Henderson, and Co. making in the whole one of the most valuable estates in America for carrying on iron works of every kind, and for the manufacturing of flour on an extensive scale by a mill, lately built and now in complete order for that purpose, from which the Potomac canal give water carriage to the town below, the land carriage to George Town being not more than 60 miles, and for an advantageous sale of iron, the very populous country and towns near the works afford a ready market. Petition may be had on the 1st of January next, or at any reasonable time thereafter. For further description of the property, and of quantity and quality of lands with title papers, any person disposed to purchase is referred to Mr. John Ritchie at the works, and for terms of sale to James M. Lirgan, near George Town, and Wm. Stuart of the house of Stuart and Beall in that place. Dumfries, Vir. 24 Nov. 1805. ALEX. HENDERSON, } Executors J. M. LIRGAN, } of Richard JOHN HENDERSON, } Henderson. Wm. STUART. Jan. 29—sp10t
TO BE SOLD, TWO TRACTS OF LAND, ONE containing 103 acres, the other 26 acres, adjoining each other, and are from 3 to 4 miles from Alexandria in the county of Fairfax and state of Virginia. The aforesaid land is bounded on the old Leechburg road, just above captain Slemons and joins the lands of Benjamin Pulany and Carlisle Whiting, and will be sold pursuant to a deed of trust given to the subscribers from a certain John Withers to secure the payment of a debt due to Jonathan and Mahlon Schoefield. The above lands will be offered at private sale until the 18th day of February, and if not sold by that day they will be sold at the Coffee House in Alexandria on the 21st day of February at public auction for cash. The sale to commence at 3 o'clock, P. M. ANDREW SCHOEFIELD, } Trustees. THOMAS COOK, February 5—8t
20 DOLLARS Reward.
RANAWAY from the subscriber on the 22d inst. a negro man named NED about 30 years old 5 feet 8 or 9 inches high, his clothes uncertain, except a blue cloth jacket and trowsers. It is believed he is off a young Grey mare, and as he was raised in St. Mary's county, and has lived in the city of Washington he will endeavor to go to one of those places. He was purchased of Mr. Enoch Millard in George town about 9 years ago. I will give the above reward to any person who will have him secured in any jail to that I get him again. One of his hands has been lately hurt and is yet perhaps a little swelled. DAVID LYNN. Cumberland, Alleghany county, Md. February 12—3w
MINIATURE PAINTING. J. D. MALLAT has the honor of inviting the Ladies and Gentlemen that are desirous of having their likenesses taken in miniature, in the most striking resemblance, and in the latest modern style, executed to the satisfaction of those that will favor him with their patronage, to call at Mrs. THOMPSON'S, six buildings. Feb. 7. 2w2w.
COMMITTED to my custody on the 30th day of January last as a runaway a negro man who calls himself DAVY and says that he is the property of Wm. Cook of Charles county. Davy is a black fellow, 5 feet 4 or 5 inches high, his clothing are a white broad cloth coat much worn, yarn trowsers, old shirt, black hat, shoes and stockings; his master is requested to take him out of jail or he will be sold for his jail fees agreeably to law. SUTTON WEEBS, Sheriff Calvert County. February 14—w3t
STRAYED OR STOLEN, FROM Carlton Petticoats store near Go. then on Saturday night, the 1st Feb. inst. A black HORSE about 10 hands high, 10 years old, a small star in his forehead, some white on each hind foot. It has a hair rubbed off his tail, he has an uncommon large flush, paces, trots, and canters, he had on an old single strapped saddle, without crupper or cloth, and an old stiff bit with bridle. I will give Six dollars to secure the said horse so as I get him again and all reasonable charges if brought home. WM. ADAMS. Montgomery county Feb. 14—3t
The Subscriber offers to lease for a number of years 200 tracts of first rate land situate in the 4th, 5th, 6th, 10th, & 11th ranges on each side of Mad river and between the great and little Miami rivers—Jacob Broadwell, esq. resident in the vicinity of Cincinnati is authorised by the subscriber to lease the whole or any part of the above lands. Industrious families, who first commence their improvements on the premises shall have cattle and other stock on shares if required. The above lands lie in a healthy part of the country, surrounded with mills and a populous settlement. The soil is rich and productive, is well watered, shaded with some of the most valuable sort of timber, and pleasantly situated. Town lots will be given to well recommended mechanics who commence their settlement in one year from this date. Mr. Broadwell is authorised to dispose of ten plantations between the two Miami's well improved, with a large distillery and a set of new mills, equal to any in the western country. They stand on the Little Miami river 8 miles from the Ohio. The grist mill is calculated for five pair of stones, among them is a pair of burrs. Mr. Broadwell will show the premises and make known the terms of sale and an indispensable side will be given on payment of the purchase money, by JOHN SMITH, of Ohio. Washington city, Feb. 14—2w
20 DOLLARS REWARD.
RANAWAY from the subscriber about the latter part of December last a negro man named LEWIS about 4 or five and thirty years of age. He is very black, about 5 feet four inches high and rather slender made, when interrogated he has a considerable impediment in his speech and discovers much confusion. He had on when he went off a short coat of bear skin cloth very much worn, and a pair of long breeches, of white planes—he was seen the first of January in the county of Fauquier enquiring the way to the city of Washington where if he gets he will probably attempt to pass as a free man, though being very ignorant it is likely his tale will not be a plausible one. The above reward will be given for securing him in any jail so that I get him again and all reasonable charges paid if brought to me. JOHN WILLIS. Orange county Feb. 7—1m
FEBRUARY 12, 1806. R. S. Bickley, versus Thomas Peter, Thomas Monroe, Robert Brent, Benjamin Stoddert, Elias Boudinot Caldwell, William Thornton, John Stickney, Adam Lindsey, Edward Prithay, James Dougherty, Francis Lowndes, Samuel Blodget, Thomas M'Ewen, William Davidson and William Smith. Isaac Pollock,
Twenty Dollars Reward. AARON, a mulatto man about 43 years old, left the city of Washington early in October, and was seen on the road leading from Alexandria to Leesburg in company with a black woman, who I am informed is the property of some person in the vicinity of this place—He is about 5 feet 10 inches high, has short hair, very bald, in one of his eyes brows (I think it is the left) near his nose, there is an indented scar occasioned by a stroke he received, which fractured the bone in that place, and whenever he has it in his power never fails to drink to excess. It is probable that he has gone to Jefferson or Berkeley county Virginia, where he formerly resided, and from thence will endeavor to go to Kentucky. The above reward will be paid to any person who will have him committed to jail, and give information thereof to the subscriber in George Town, district of Columbia. EDWARD GANTT. Nov. 11—tf
THE subscriber being appointed trustee to dispose of the estate of Charles Tompkins, for the benefit of his creditors—hereby notifies to those concerned, that on Monday 10th March next will be sold at the dwelling house of said Tompkins, 11 o'clock A. M. by public vendue for cash, all his household and kitchen, furniture; Likewise the time of a mulatto woman, who has to serve until the year 1813. JOHN MITCHELL. George Town, 12th Feb.—3t
CITY OF WASHINGTON, Sept. 9, 1805. Several persons under the impression that the public lots in this city are to be disposed of in future by public sales only, having made enquiries when the next sale will probably take place, we are requested to state that those lots may at any time be purchased at private sale of the Superintendent of the City. Sept. 9—tf
THE IMPROVED STRAW CUTTER, May be seen in operation at the subscriber's house between the Six Buildings and the Potomac river; he forms the reel of this machine so as to cause the knife to cut off the straw at an angle of 22 1/2 degrees which makes it cut much easier than at right angles, or square across—also a model of the improved Press. Either of the machines can be had of Oliver Evans in Philadelphia or the subscriber, city of Washington. EVAN EVANS. February 12—ed1w
STELLE'S HOTEL & CITY TAVERN. THE Subscriber takes this method of thanking his friends and the public for their favors whilst on the Capitol Square and begs leave to acquaint them that he has taken the Spacious Hotel lately erected by Mr. Carroll, near the Capitol. The hotel being above one hundred feet in front, and containing fifty rooms enables the subscriber to offer every accommodation to members of Congress and travellers which can be expected in a public house. PONTIUS D. STELLE. Washington City, March 25—tf
N. B.—P. D. S. will rent the house lately occupied by him on the adjoining square. TO BE SOLD OR RENTED, A WHARF,
ON the Eastern Branch, with a two story brick Warehouse and frame Countinghouse thereon, formerly occupied by R. & G. Barry as a lumber yard, an eligible situation for any person wishing to follow that business. Possession may be had on the first March next.— Also a new Three story brick Dwelling House in New Jersey Avenue, completely finished and in excellent repair. Possession may be had on the 1st May next. The terms will be made known and the premises shown to any person applying to the subscriber at the Twenty Buildings. GARRET BARRY. January 29—w1m
ELIAS B. CALDWELL, ATTORNEY AT LAW, HAS removed his Office, to the house lately occupied by Mr. Law, on Capitol Hill. Washington. July 26—tf
A BARGAIN. THE subscriber offers for sale the farm he now occupies, containing near 300 acres with or without the stock thereon. It is distant from the city of Georgetown and Washington, about five miles, and well known as a healthy situation. There is much fine fruit thereon, and abounds with springs, affording as good water as in the United States, a considerable proportion of the land has been in clover, and from thirty to forty acres fit for the scythe the ensuing summer. It is now in a very improving state, being altogether clear of broom sedge, and from 40 to 50 acres ploughed and prepared for a spring crop, and from 30 to 40 acres well fat with wheat and rye—some part of the land is calculated for tobacco; and plaster of paris answers well with it all. The dwelling house and other improvements may with small repairs, be rendered very comfortable—From its vicinity to two growing cities, many advantages result in supplying the markets. A purchaser may calculate on a good bargain, particularly if an early application be made. Some part of the purchase money will be required in cash or approved negotiable paper the remainder rendered easy—or negroes received in payment. The subscriber or William Searly residing on the farm will show it when required, and the terms made known by application to Mr. John Thompson, George Town, or Dr. WM. THORNTON, Washington. Isaac Pollock,
Twenty Dollars Reward. THE subscriber will dispose of at private sale, his estate called Chichester, lying on the eastern branch, immediately opposite the city of Washington. This tract of land containing 697 acres is laid off in lots from 83 to 144 acres for the convenience of purchasers. Plate of the estate and the terms of sale are in the hands of colonel Hanlon at the navy yard, and Charles Wayman of George Town. The lots will be shown by Mr. Wedden, living on the premises, near the Eastern Branch bridge. ANTHONY ADDISON. Barnaby, 12th June 1805—tf
Some Lands calculated for the culture of cotton, Indian corn and small grain, situated on a navigable river in the healthiest part of the state of Georgia, will also be sold on reasonable terms or exchanged for negroes. Jm. 29—e1tf
On a liberal credit. THE subscriber will dispose of at private sale, his estate called Chichester, lying on the eastern branch, immediately opposite the city of Washington. This tract of land containing 697 acres is laid off in lots from 83 to 144 acres for the convenience of purchasers. Plate of the estate and the terms of sale are in the hands of colonel Hanlon at the navy yard, and Charles Wayman of George Town. The lots will be shown by Mr. Wedden, living on the premises, near the Eastern Branch bridge. ANTHONY ADDISON. Barnaby, 12th June 1805—tf
CHARLES H. VARDEN, MERCHANT TAYLOR, NEW JERSEY AVENUE, NEAR THE CAPITOL.
Respectfully informs the gentlemen of the District of Columbia that in addition to his former stock he has received by late arrivals at Philadelphia from London a choice assortment of superfine cloths, single and double milled osimerees, Benonce patent cord, woolverteen and waistcoating, fancy and black silk molekins, all of superior quality and newest fashion, plain and stripe black velvets, constitution cord, knap coatings, finishing flannels, &c. &c. with a variety of other articles in his line, and he pledges himself, to those gentlemen who shall favor him with their orders to compleat them in the newest style of fashion. N. B. Ladies habits, regimentals, navy uniforms, made in the most fashionable manner. Washington, Dec. 18—tf
Twenty Dollars Reward,
WILL be given for apprehending negro FAME a very low and tolerable lusty woman about 38 years of age, but from appearance older, very black and much marked with the small pox which occasioned a small defect in one of her eyes, has lost one of her foreteeth, she is very artful and cunning, having procured a free pass, and passes by the name of Charity Shorter; she was formerly the property of John Chittenden of this county, and was run away for near eight years, was apprehended and sold to me in 1803 and was hired by me to a certain Thomas King of Prince George's county, from whom she absconded in Oct. 1804 and has been lurking, I do suppose near where she was hired or gone to Calvert county where I have understood her husband has gone. The above reward will be given to any person who will lodge her in jail so that I get her again, or deliver her to Mr. Samuel Speake city of Washington, or to the subscriber living in Charles county Maryland, near Fort Tobacco. P. S. I forewarn any person from harboring or employing said woman, at their peril. MARRY SIMMS. Nov. 27—tf
PLOUGHS.
THE subscribers take this method to inform the farmers that they have now on hand and purpose keeping ready for sale, a number of Large three horse ploughs, (such as are used and recommended by Mr. Thomas Moore) Mr. G. W. Riggs will attend to any orders given, and give information of the terms—some of them may be seen in Mr. M'Laughlin's yard, as the great advantage of deep ploughing has been so sufficiently proved by some years experience, it is presumed that every farmer who studies his own interest and the improvement of his farm will get some of those most useful and much admired ploughs. JOHN THOMAS, 3d, & Co. Feb. 17—w6t
BOOKSELLING AND PRINTING.
TO BE SOLD an establishment in the Bookselling & Stationary lines, containing a general assortment of approved publications, particularly school and classical books of the best authors, and of the most correct editions, with a variety of Stationary articles. Also, a complete PRINTING OFFICE, containing two presses, with fonts of types from full faced canon to brevier, in good order, with imposing stone, chases, furniture, and every article necessary to carry on either book work or newspaper—Likewise a parcel of book binding materials. To an active young man, this situation may be found a very eligible and profitable introduction to business. Those who are inclined to treat for both branches, or either, will meet with encouraging terms, by applying to Theo. Bland, esq. attorney at law, Baltimore. Baltimore, Feb. 17—6t
ATTENTION.
THE retailers of Spiritous Liquors on or near the CAPITOL HILL, are requested to attend to the 5th and 8th sections of the act of the corporation passed by the third Council of which the following is an extract— Sec. 5th. And that the keeper thereof will not during the time for which such licence shall be granted, suffer any person or persons to play any game at cards, dice, or other hazard for money therein, and that he or she will not suffer any apprentice or slave to purchase any wine or spiritous liquors in his or her house, and that the person keeping such shall not on Sunday sell or suffer to be drank in his or her house any wine or spiritous liquors. Sec. 8th. And be it enacted, That for every infraction of the provisions of this act, there shall be paid by the persons committing the same or his sureties, the sum of twenty dollars. We the subscribers having suffered great loss and inconvenience from the frequent infraction of the above recited act of the corporation do hereby give this public caution to all interested to beware of a repetition of the like offences, as we are determined to see the penalties exacted as the law directs on and near the Capitol Hill. Griffith Coombe, Daniel Rapine, Henry Angle, George Blagden, William Brent, Charles Varden, John Coyle. February, 17.
Fresh Garden Seeds, &c.
THEOPHILUS HOLT respectfully informs his friends and the public that he has received from London per ship Mars to Baltimore, and for sale, a very extensive assortment of fresh Garden Seeds, garden tools, grass seeds, bird seed. Split peas and a lot of mustard by the pound. He also has for sale a variety of bulbous flower roots, fruit trees, flowering shrubs, Lombardy poplars, &c. &c. The customary allowance made to Gardeners and those who purchase to sell again. Washington City, Dec. 13—2w1f P. S. An assortment of the garden seeds are for sale at Dr. OTT'S George Town.
FOR SALE,
A Valuable Tract of Land, In the state of Kentucky, under an indisputable title, and for which the proprietor will take, if applied for loan, half a dollar per acre, payable one half down, and the other half in 12 months on approved security—Enquire of the printer. Feb. 17—4w
FALL & WINTER GOODS
JOHN COX HAS this day received a Large addition to his former supply of FALL and WINTER GOODS, which makes his assortment very complete. Most of his goods were bought on such terms as to enable him to offer them by piece or retail lower than the regular importers can afford to sell at. George town, Oct. 18—NI&UGentf
PHILADELPHIA IRON FOUNDRY.
THE subscriber has taken the Philadelphia Iron Foundry, situate in Southwark between Front and Second and Queen and Christian streets, for the convenience of executing his own castings for his steam engines &c. But proposes to execute any orders that he may be favored with in that line; either for engines, mill-works, sugar-rollers, rolling Sinking Mills Forge Works, Cranks, Gudgeons, Cogwheels, Metes, Fans, &c in short all castings of iron, either in sand or loam—He wishes to draw the attention of millers to their own interest, by adopting all the running gears of a mill, cast iron cog wheels, of four and bevel gear, they will come cheaper in the first instance and last for ages. He means to have made by an experienced workman, a set of the most perfect moulds from which all the necessary moveables for casting reels and the machinery for merchant flour mills may be produced. He will undertake to assist in the arrangement of the suitable sizes of wheels to produce the proper motions, upon being informed of the number of revolutions per minute, and number of cogs in the wheel, by which the machinery is to be put in motion. He makes Steam Engines on his new and simple principles, for any purpose for which they may be wanted; their cost will be about half that of the old construction and consume less fuel. He keeps for sale an usual, Stone Coals, Furs Millstones, and holding cloths of the best quality. Application to be made either at the Furnace or his Counting house, near the corner of Ninth and Market streets. OLIVER EVANS. Jm. 1. 2w5w
LAND FOR SALE.
DESIROUS of removing to Kentucky the Subscriber will sell his estate at the Falls of Rappahannock, on which he resides containing 1051 acres—being within one mile of the two improving towns of Fredericksburg and Falmouth and several manufacturing mills, independent of which it is believed that few tracts of land in Virginia embrace within their boundaries as many real advantages. FRANCIS THORNTON, near Fredericksburg. January 24—2w3w
In the Circuit court of the District of Columbia for the county of Washington sitting in Chancery, In the matter of John Blagden, & John P. Van Ness, administrators of William Laight, & Charles Laight, deceased, against George Walker defendant.
THE bill states that the said Wm. Laight and Charles Laight are now deceased and that the said John P. Van Ness is their administrator. The object of the bill is to revive the proceedings in the original case and to obtain a foreclosure of any equity of redemption the said George Walker may have or may suppose himself to have in a certain indenture or mortgage therein mentioned. It appearing to the satisfaction of the court, that the said George Walker is not at this time a resident of the district of Columbia, on the motion of the complainants by their counsel, it is ordered that the said George Walker be warned to appear in the circuit court of the district of Columbia and answer the said bill on the fourth Monday in July next, otherwise the same to be taken for confessed, and that a copy of this order be published once in a week for three successive weeks before the 10th day of July next, in the National Intelligencer printed in the city of Washington. By order, WM. BRENT, Ck. Kearney, Solicitor for } complainants. } True copy, WM. BRENT, Ck. February 7—w3t
FOR SALE.
IN the county of Albemarle Virginia, 977 acres of land lying on both sides of Hardware river, generally adapted to small grain corn and tobacco with a great abundance of meadow land. About four hundred acres are cleared most of which are low grounds; and it is perhaps capable of the highest improvement of any land in this part of the world by having an inexhaustible source of rich mud or soil that has been accumulating for ages. The situation is fine, healthy, convenient to two tobacco warehouses, the court house and several merchant mills and in a very respectable neighborhood. Hardware river is capable of being made navigable into James river from several miles above this tract for which there is an act of assembly. There is on the land a large two story dwelling house, almost new and other convenient houses—at about half a mile from which, there is also an old dwelling house, kitchen and store house, that may be made with some repairs capable of accommodating a genteel family. There is also on the premises between 90 and 100,000 bricks well burnt which will be disposed of on reasonable terms. The payments required will be one third cash and the remainder at two equal annual instalments. Any person wishing to purchase or view the said land will apply to the subscriber living on the premises. CHARLES WINEFIELD. January 1—6w
BOARDING & LODGING.
THREE or FOUR gentlemen may be accommodated with Boarding and Lodging, on moderate terms, by applying at Mr. Sweeney's in F street nearly opposite the Office of Discount and Deposit. January 3—tawtf