The national intelligencer and Washington advertiser. (Washington City [D.C.]), 1806-10-03 00:00:00

NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER, AND WASHINGTON ADVERTISER.
Vol. VI. WASHINGTON CITY, PRINTED BY SAMUEL HARRISON SMITH, PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE. No. DCCCCXXXII.
FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM.
FRIDAY, OCTOBER 3, 1806.
PAID IN ADVANCE
WASHINGTON CITY.
FRIDAY, OCTOBER 3.
WE are enabled, by a late London print, to lay before our readers, in our subsequent columns, a condensed as well as comprehensive view of the receipts and expenditures of the British government; of that government whose policy we are called upon to imitate, whose splendid career we are called upon to pursue. Splendid , indeed, it is, when adorned with the gold it accumulates from the labour of its subjects! From this source (for ultimately there is no other) is derived the annual sum of 83,375,728 pounds sterling, or, to make the amount more intelligible to an American reader, the sum of three hundred and sixty-nine millions of dollars.
It will not be uninteresting or uninformative to our readers, to take a few of the many views of which this statement is susceptible. We shall limit our present observations to three views: 1. Contemplating its direct effects upon the people of G. Britain. 2. Its effects on her, in her relations with European powers; and 3. Its effects on her, compared with the effects of our system on us.
The most striking result, under the first view, is the operation of this immense sum on her subjects individually. To make it up, reckoning the population at 11 millions, requires an annual tax of 35 dollars and 40 cents; to be paid by every man, woman and child in the kingdom, or a tax of 283 dollars by every family consisting of eight persons.
But this pressure, severe as it would be, is in fact greatly increased by the number of unproductive hands in England.
By returns made in the year 1801, it appeared that the whole population of England and Wales was 9,343,178.—That of this number there were,
  Engaged in agriculture, 1,713,289   trade and manufactures, 1,843,353   Amounting to 3,556,642   Engaged in the army and navy, 469,188   Convicts on board hulks, 1,410   And—Other persons, 4,873,103 
From this official return it will be perceived, that those employed in agriculture, in trade and in manufactures, were only between a half and a third of the whole population; and that the class of other persons exceeded one half of the whole population. This class must be composed of the nobility, the clergy, physicians, lawyers, school masters, monied men without a profession, household servants, and public officers, from the king down to the tide waiter, all of whom are totally unproductive; and probably of infants and adults unable to work. The taxes consequently fall on the labor of the class engaged in agriculture, trade and manufactures, each individual of which, making a due allowance for Scotland, must be charged with the quota of 94 dollars.
Further—Of the 3,556,642 persons engaged in agriculture, trade & manufactures, about one half may be computed to be females. It will be remarked, that in consequence of withdrawing from the body of the community 469,188 men for the army & navy, much more than half the residue consists of females. This would reduce the number of the males to 1,778,321, of which it will be a high calculation to consider one million as adults. This then is the body on whom the chief pressure operates. It follows that there is a burthen equivalent to 389 dollars on every adult laboring man!
Some other facts merit notice. The sum required to be raised in 1806 exceeds the whole amount of imports 32 millions sterling.
It exceeds the value of the whole exports of British manufactures 42 millions sterling.
It exceeds the whole annual amount of taxes 23 millions sterling, or one hundred and two millions of dollars.
The increase of the debt for the three last years is about 56 millions sterling, which averages an annual increase of near 29 millions, or about 150 millions of dollars.
It further appears that the imports into G. Britain for the last year given, fall short 1,654,000 pounds sterling of those of 1802.
And that the value of British manufactures exported in the year ending Jan. 5, 1806, fell short of the value of those exported in the year ending Jan. 5, 1803, the large sum of 7,462,000 pounds sterling, or about 33 millions of dollars.
Let it be recollected that it is from these two sources that Britain draws the greater part of her wealth and revenue.
Finally, it appears that there has been an immense diminution since the year
1803 in the entry of British vessels into G. Britain, in their tonnage, and the number of men employed in them, as well as in those which cleared outwards. A similar diminution is discoverable in the number and tonnage of British ships built and registered in her ports. The average of these diminutions will be found to exceed one-fifth part of the whole.
11. Viewing this statement in its effects on G. Britain in her relation to European powers, the first circumstance that attracts our attention is the disparity between her debt and that of any other nation of Europe. The debt of France, her great opponent, is so trifling as scarcely to merit notice; and the collective debts of all the other nations in Europe are much inferior to that of G. Britain alone. The sum annually required to provide for this debt exceeds twenty-eight millions sterling, or one hundred and twenty-four millions of dollars, which sum may be considered as a burthen entailed upon the nation, diminishing its effective power to that extent.
While the burthens, imposed on the subjects of G. B. amounting to eleven millions, are eighty-three millions sterling; those imposed on the subjects of France, amounting to thirty millions, are less than thirty millions sterling. These burthens, considered in their effects, on the individual of each nation, are about as eight to one, viz. an individual in France is required to pay only an eighth part of that which an individual in G. Britain is called upon to pay.
The apologists of the British system contend, that all this is more than counterbalanced by the great commerce of that nation. But how can this be, when her annual expenditure exceeds her exports thirty-one millions, and her imports fifty-two millions, and exceeds both imports and exports added together?
But we are most interested in the THIRD VIEW . Between our system and that of G. Britain the points of dissimilarity are almost infinite. The effects may, therefore, be expected to vary correspondently.
Instead of each man, woman, and child, as in England, being required to contribute thirty-five dollars annually, in the United States they are only required to pay about two dollars.
The whole amount of our taxes, so far from nearly trebling, as in England, the whole amount of imports, is but about a seventh part of it; being relatively to them but about a twenty fifth part of that of G. Britain.
Instead of exceeding in a two fold degree, as in England, the amount of British manufactures exported, they do not amount to more than a third of our domestic productions, being relatively to them but a ninth part of those of G. Britain.
Instead of our debt increasing annually, as that of Britain does, one hundred and thirty millions of dollars, it annually decreases about five millions.
Instead of the sum required to be raised in the U. States exceeding the amount of taxes, as in Britain, one hundred and two millions of dollars, it actually falls short of it.
Instead of our imports being in a state of diminution, they have since the year 1802 increased above ten millions.
And our exports of domestic productions, so far from having, as in England, declined in the sum of thirty-three millions of dollars, they have in fact advanced between four and five millions.
And, finally, it appears that we, so far from having pursued the retrograde steps of Britain, have rapidly progressed in the number of our merchant vessels, in their tonnage, and in the seamen required to navigate them.
The statement follows:—
FROM A LATE LONDON PAPER.
FINANCIAL STATE OF THE NATION.
From official documents laid before the House of Commons.
(1.) That the total amount of the public funded debt of Great Britain was, on the 1st February 1803, 557,008,978.—of which 67,255,945. had been purchased by the commissioners for the reduction of the national debt, and 19,180,587. had been transferred to them on account of land tax redeemed; leaving a funded debt unredeemed of 480,572,476. and that the amount of annuities charged on Great Britain, (after deducting what have fallen in) was on the 1st Feb. in short ann. and for lives 539,979. and in long annuities 1,015,410.
(2.) That the total amount of public funded debt created in Great Britain for account of Ireland was, on the 1st Feb. 1803, 22,318,000. of which there had been purchased by the commissioners for the reduction of the national debt, 1,123,415. leaving a funded debt unredeemed of 21,224,585. together
with long annuities to the amount of 9,791.
(3.) That the total amount of public funded debt created in Great Britain for account of the Emperor of Germany was on the 1st February 1803, 7,502,631. of which 375,137. had been purchased by the commissioners for the reduction of the national debt; leaving a funded debt unredeemed of 7,127,496. together with annuities to the amount of 230,000. which will expire in 1819.
(4.) That the amount of the outstanding demands unprovided for on the 5th January 1803, exclusive of unfunded debt and of the anticipation of certain duties annually voted, was 592,630.—That the deficiency of ways and means for the year 1802 was 171,431.—making the amount of demands unprovided for on the 5th January 1803, 764,061.
(5.) That the unfunded debt, in exchequer bills unprovided for, or charged upon funds which proved insufficient, was, on the 5th January 1803, 9,827,100. including 3,000,000. in the Bank, which bear no interest, in consideration of the renewal of the charter.
That the unfunded debt in navy bills was, on the 5th January 1803, 3,105,640.
(6.) That the total amount of the public funded debt of Great Britain was, on the 1st February 1805, 640,752,101. of which 101,145,806. had been purchased by the commissioners for the reduction of the national debt, and 22,325,740. had been transferred to them on account of land tax redeemed leaving a funded debt unredeemed, of 517,280,561. And that the amount of annuities charged on Great Britain (after deducting what have fallen in) was on the 1st February in short annuities and for lives 485,167. and in long annuities 1,047,494.—And that a further debt amounting to 29,880,000. capital stock has been created by the sums borrowed in the present session of Parliament out of which 975,256. five per cent. annuities, created in 1797, have been paid off.
(7.) That the total amount of the public funded debt created in Great Britain for account of Ireland, was, on the 1st February 1806, 58,398,000. of which there had been purchased by the commissioners for the reduction of the national debt 2,913,948. leaving a funded debt of 55,484,052. together with long annuities to the amount of 91,201. And that a further debt amounting to 3,320,000. capital stock, has been created by sums borrowed in the present session in Great Britain on account of Ireland.
(8.) That the total amount of public funded debt created in Great Britain for account of the emperor of Germany, was on the 1st February 1806, 7,502,631. of which 642,240. had been purchased by the commissioners for the reduction of the national debt, leaving a funded debt of 6,860,391. together with annuities to the amount of 320,000. which will expire in 1819.
(9.) That the amount of outstanding demands unprovided for on the 5th Jan. 1806, exclusive of unfunded debt, and of the anticipation of certain duties annually voted, was 1,923,890. That the deficiency of ways and means for the year 1805, was 1,707,589. making the amount of demands unprovided for on the 5th January 1806, 3,631,479. —the whole of which has been paid off or provided for in the present session.
(10.) That on the 5th of January 1806, there were 341,000. in exchequer bills charged upon the aids of 1805, to the discharge of which the aids of 1805 were insufficient; 12,000,000. charged on the aids of 1806; and 3,000,000. payable in 1805, which are with the bank, and bore no interest in consideration of the renewal of the charter; making a total of exchequer bills unprovided for, of 15,341,000. of which sum 341,000. has been paid off in the present session.
That the unfunded debt in navy bills was on the 5th January 1806, 5,911,584.
(11.) That the variations in the state of the public debt between the 5th Jan. 1803, and the 5th January 1807, being four years of war, may be estimated as follows:
The public funded debt of G. Britain unredeemed, which on the 1st Feb. 1803, was 480,572,476. will amount to 533,584,805. after deducting 12,600,000. for the operation of the sinking fund and the redemption of land tax during the current year; being an increase of capital stock of 53,011,829.
The public funded debt created in Great Britain for account of Ireland unredeemed, which on the 1st Feb. 1803, was 21,224,585. will amount to 27,990,252. after deducting 812,
800. for the operation of the sinking fund during the current year; being an increase of capital stock of 6,765,667.
The long annuities of G. Britain, which on the 1st Feb. 1803, were 1,015,410. will amount to 1,047,394. being an increase of annual charge of 32,084.
The long annuities created in G. Britain for account of Ireland, which on the 1st Feb. 1803, were 9,791. will amount to 91,201. being an increase of annual charge of 81,410.
The unfunded debt in exchequer bills, which was on the 1st Feb. 1803, 9,827,100. will amount to 15,000,000. being an increase of 5,172,900.
The unfunded debt in navy bills, which on the 1st Feb. 1803, was 3,105,640. will amount to 8,511,584. being an increase of 4,405,940.
The funded debt created in G. Britain for account of the emperor of Germany unredeemed, which on the 1st Feb. 1803, was 7,127,496. will be reduced to 6,770,384. after deducting 90,000. for the operation of the sinking fund during the current year; being a diminution of capital stock of 357,112.
The short annuities of Great Britain, which on the 1st Feb. 1803 were 539,979. will be reduced to 477,391. being a diminution of annual charge of 62,588.
The sum applicable to the redemption of debt, which on the 1st Feb. 1803, was for the debt of G. B. 5,334,986. for debt created in Great Britain for account of Ireland 258,434. for debt created in Great Britain for account of the emperor of Germany 47,947. making a total of 6,151,367. will amount to 8,927,040. for the debt of G. Britain; 537,154. for the debt granted in G. Britain for account of Ireland; 58,860. for the debt created in G. Britain for account of the emperor of Germany; making a total of 8,803,860. being an increase of 2,727,493.
12. That the annual charge on account of the public funded debt of Great Britain, after deducting the charges of management on loans redeemed by the commissioners for the reduction of the national debt, and the interest and charges of management on stock transferred for the redemption of the land tax, was on the 1st Feb. 1803, 26,380,981. and that a further charge has been incurred on account of the sum borrowed in the present session, amounting to 1,138,000.
13. That the sum annually applicable to the reduction of the national debt of Great Britain, in pursuance of the several acts relating thereto, was, for the year 1803, 6,311,626. being about 1.77th part of the unredeemed debt existing in 1803; and may for the year 1805, be estimated at 8,278,049. being about 1.66th part of the unredeemed debt existing in 1805.
14. That the total net produce of the permanent taxes in the year ending the 5th January 1803, amounted to 28,245,631. including 715,323. paid for bounties on corn and rice imported in the year 1802; and on the 5th January 1806, the total net produce of the permanent taxes amounted to 31,795,110.
15. That the net produce of the war taxes was in the year ending the 5th April, 1804; Customs and Excise, L. 3,377,442 Property tax, 363,877 3,741,319 5th April 1805, Customs and Excise, L. 7,868,078 Property tax 3,919,108 11,787,186 5th April 1806, Customs and Excise, L. 8,496,530 Property tax, 4,431,958 12,978,508
16. That the official value of all imports into G. Britain, in the year ending 5th January 1803, was 31,142,318; and on an average of 6 years, ending the 5th Jan. 1803, was 28,419,626.
That the official value of all imports into Great Britain, in the year ending 5th January 1803, supposing the imports from the East Indies (of which no account has yet been made up) to be the same as in the preceding year, was 29,488,072. and on an average of six years, ending 5th January 1805, was 30,248,417.
17. That the official value of British manufactures, exported from Great
Britain in the year ending 5th January 1803, was 28,993,129. and on an average of six years, ending 5th January 1803, was 22,942,800.
That the official value of British manufactures exported from G. Britain in the year ending 5th January 1806, was 25,003,308. and on an average of 6 years, ending 5th January 1805, was 24,698,058.
And that the real value of British manufactures, exported in the year ending 5th January 1803, may be estimated at 48,500,631. and in the year ending the 5th January 1806, at 41,038,242.
18. That the official value of Foreign Merchandise exported from G. Britain in the year ending 5th Jan. 1803, after deducting the excess arising from the valuation of coffee, was 14,448,827. and on an average of 6 years ending the 5th January 1803, was 11,651,331.
That the official value of foreign merchandise exported from Great Britain in the year ending 5th January 1806, after deducting the excess arising from the valuation of coffee, was 9,250,508. and on an average of 6 years, ending 5th January 1806, was 11,685,711.
19. That in the year ending the 5th January 1803, the number of British vessels entered inwards in Great Britain, was 13,622; their tonnage 1,793,333; and the number of men employed in them 108,669; that the number of British vessels cleared outwards was 13,012; their tonnage 1,020,966; and the number of men employed in them 102,427.
That in the year ending 5th January, 1803, the number of foreign vessels entered inwards in G. Britain was 3,733; their tonnage 190,211; and the number of men employed in them 27,737; and that the number of foreign vessels cleared outwards was 3,352; their tonnage 461,823; and the number of men employed in them 25,749.
That in the year ending 5th January 1806, the number of British ships entered inwards in G. Britain, was 11,409; their tonnage 1,494,075; and the number of men employed to navigate them 37,148; that the number of British ships cleared outwards, was 11,503; their tonnage 1,494,968; and the number of men employed to navigate them 34,588.
That in the year ending the 5th of January 1806, the number of foreign ships entered inwards in G. Britain, was 4,515; their tonnage 691,703; and the number of men in them 34,119; That the number of foreign ships cleared outwards was 3,930; their tonnage 605,641; and the number of men employed in them; 30,910.
20. That the number of British ships built and registered in the several ports of the British empire, in the year ending 5th Jan. 1803 was 1,281
tonnage 137,508 5th Jan. 1804 1,402 135,349 5th Jan. 1805 991 95,979 5th Jan. 1806 966 89,975
21. That the total sum to be raised in G. Britain, within the year 1806, may be estimated as follows, viz.
Interest on public funded debt; charges of management, sinking fund, on 5th Feb. 1806; L. 26,380,988
Interest, charges of management, &c. to be paid between the 5th Feb. 1805 & 5th Jan. 1807, on stock created by loans of the present session, to the amount of 29,880,000. after deducting interest at 5 per cent. 1797, paid off, 943,890
Interest for loans to the emperor of Germany, 497,528
Civil government of Scotland, pensions on revenue, militia and deserters' warrants, bounties for promoting fisheries, &c. estimated to be the same as the year ending 5th January 1806, 864,320
Charges of collecting and management of the revenue, estimated to be the same as the year ending the 5th Jan. 1806, 2,357,184
Proportion to be defrayed by G. Britain, of the civil list and other charges on the consolidated fund of G. Britain, estimated to be the same as in the year ending the 5th January, 1806, 15-17ths of 1,827,184. 1,612,221
Supplies voted in 1806, for G. Britain exclusively, 5,030,806
Supplies voted in 1806 for G. Britain and Ireland, 43,737,210
Deduct proportion to be defrayed by Ireland, 2,174,556
38,562,274 43,623,988

Amount for the service of Ireland, 2,000,000 Amount to be raised parochially for the maintenance of the poor, estimated to be the same as was required in the year ending Easter, 1808, 5,246,506 Making in the whole the sum of 83,375,728
Court of Vice-Admiralty, Nassau, August 5, 1806. Before the Worshipful HENRY MORRISON Dyer, Esq. sole judge and commissary. STORK—CORNEL, Master.
This ship sailed from Bristol, R. I. for Havana, with a cargo of dried beef, the produce of Buenos Ayres, on which voyage she was captured by his Majesty's schooner Redbridge, Lt. Burt, commander, and the private ship of war Fanny, John Mackie, commander, and brought to New Providence.
Mr. Wylly, his Majesty's advocate general, prosecuted in behalf of the captors, upon the ground that the said ship was engaged in an illegal voyage, carrying the produce of one enemy's colony to another.
Mr. Armstrong, solicitor general, interposed the claim of the master, in behalf of Hersey Bradford, also of Bristol merchant, as sole owner of ship and cargo, contending that the whole of the present transaction, originated in the neutral port, in June last, when Mr. Bradford became the purchaser of ship and cargo.
The cause having been very ably argued by the advocates on both sides, his honor the Judge pronounced the following
JUDGEMENT: This is the case of a ship and cargo captured on a voyage from Bristol, in Rhode Island, to Havana, and claimed in behalf of Mr. Hersey Bradford, a merchant of Bristol. The most material feature of the case is, that the cargo was the produce of the Spanish colony of Buenos Ayres, and originally brought from thence to Bristol; and therefore before I presume upon a case so circumstanced, it is necessary that I should advert to an important preliminary question, whether a neutral vessel carrying a cargo of such produce direct from Buenos Ayres to Havana, would be engaged in a lawful voyage. Because, if so, then no penalty can attach to the present transaction, which, at worst, is only alleged to be a voyage from and to the same ports, in an indirect shape. But it is my clear opinion, founded as well upon the reason of the thing, as upon the best decisions of the Superior Court, that such a direct voyage would be illegal. It would be an intervention of the neutral to take up a trade which was not open to him in time of peace. It would be a carrying of the produce of one enemy's colony, for the supply and convenience of another—and as such a trade is not sanctioned by the relaxations of the King's Instruction, I must hold that it remains under the general law of prohibition.
I have thought it material to dispose of this preliminary point—because if the law, which I have said would be applicable to the direct trade, is right—then it clearly follows, that the circumstance of stopping intermediately in some neutral port, cannot vary the transaction, or withdraw it from the legal effects of the direct voyage. It will of course be understood, that I mean a mere colorable stoppage; because if the goods shall have been bona fide imported at the neutral port, and been thereby (if I may presume to apply the expression to inanimate objects) domiciled in the neutral country, their subsequent re-exportation cannot be, in any degree, objectionable.
To apply these observations to the present case—Suppose Mr. D. Wolf to import at Bristol a cargo of Buenos Ayres produce, to enter and land it, and pay the duties upon it, and thereby to mix it up with the common mercantile stock of his country—and suppose Mr. Bradford afterwards purchases from him the whole or a part of that produce, and sends it to Havana, 'tis a completely innocent transaction on either side. But if, on the other hand, it should appear that Mr. D. Wolf brings such a cargo to his port of residence in America, and afterwards sends it on to Havana, without having taken any of those steps towards a legal importation, and with sufficiently strong presumptions that he had an original intention to do so, 'tis quite clear that such a proceeding must at this tribunal be held unwarrantable. But still further, if it should turn out that Mr. D. Wolf and Mr. Bradford are in intimate connection together, and that in the course of such a transaction, (to which let it be still supposed that the same presumption of original interest and the same facts of feigned importation apply,) the one presents himself as the importer, and the other as the exporter of the goods, I should surely be measuring out a very ineffectual mode of justice, if I hesitated to consider such a proceeding as a mere subterfuge, and inadequate to protect them from the same penalties, which would undoubtedly have attached, if the one or the other had appeared singly in the transaction, from beginning to end.
By these facts I will proceed to try the present case. That the cargo is the produce of Buenos Ayres, and that it was brought from thence to Bristol, and that Mr. D. Wolf was the importer, are facts clearly ascertained from the certificate of the custom house at Bristol, and the whole of the oral testimony in the case. The fact of trans-shipment is
equally clear. Brown, the mariner, says, in answer to the 22d interrogatory, that he has been informed (for he was not then hired) that the cargo was trans-shipped from a vessel called the Ann, which brought it from La Plata to Bristol, and that it was so trans-shipped in the month of June. 'Tis true that Munroe the mate (who also was not hired at that time) declares the cargo was taken from the shore. Upon which declaration I should say no more than that I am sorry it was made. Because the master (who entered, as appears by the role d'équipage so far back as the 16th of May) and is much better informed on the subject, tells us distinctly, that the cargo was taken on board from a ship called the Ann (that imported it at Bristol) in the month of June last. It is not only apparent from his testimony that the cargo was never landed in the American port: but 'tis also established by it, in conjunction with the certificate, that a very short period of time elapsed between the arrival of the one vessel, and the loading of the other. The Ann arrived in May, and on the 9th or 10th of June the Stork is loaded—her log book then commences—her crew are begun to be hired; and she is in fact ready for sea.
In this stage of the discussion, the question properly comes, whether any duties were paid on the cargo? A question which I cannot hesitate for a moment to resolve in the negative. It has been argued by the king's advocate that (under the 32d sec. of the American act of March 2, 1799) such a case is by law excused altogether either from paying or securing duties. But as it was contended on the other side that this section only applies to the case of a re-exportation in the same identical vessel, and the clause is so worded, & as I have not the later laws on that subject (though later ones have been passed) to refer to, I am disposed to take this argument most favorably for the claimants, and to allow that this might have been an importation in the usual mode, upon a mere security of duties, though it must be noticed that I have no evidence of that. But it would be going much too far to infer, from the mere fact of importation, that the dues on importation were actually paid . What does the custom house certificate say? Simply that "the merchandise specified in the annexed invoice was imported into the district of Bristol." A more sterile document upon this head it never fell to my lot to observe. In other cases we have seen certificates that goods were imported and the duties paid, which were decisive ingredients of bona fides . Upon one occasion we have seen a certificate that goods were imported according to law, which the liberality of our prize tribunals held to include all the incidents of a legal importation; and in other instances it has been certified, that the goods were imported and the duties secured, and for a long time we labored under the mistaken idea, that this security was equivalent to an actual payment. But here the certificate simply announces an importation—et fratercula nihil .—When I combine this scantiness of information with the recent decisions upon this question of the double voyage, (decisions of so much notoriety, and which have provoked so much discussion as cannot fail to induce persons who are liable to any possible suspicion of coming within their line, to protect themselves by the publication of every favorable circumstance) I cannot but conclude that this paper certified all it could do for the advantage of the party concerned; and when it is perfectly silent as to the payment of duties, I am bound to infer that the duties were not paid, even if I go the length of holding that they were secured.
The next question to be resolved is, whether there was any original intention on the part of the importer, that these goods should be carried on in their present course, and one strong circumstance to raise the presumption of such an intention is the non payment (refusing myself the liberty to say non security ) of the duties. Another circumstance of immense strength in such a point, is the peculiar nature of the cargo . It is perfectly notorious that this article of jerked beef, prepared at Buenos Ayres, from the innumerable droves of wild cattle which traverse the adjoining plains, is solely confined in its use to the soldiery and the lower classes of people throughout the Spanish colonies, but is never consumed in the U. S. any more than it is by ourselves. Is it possible then to conceive that such a cargo could be imported without any idea of home consumption, or rather without a plain intention to send it forward to those places where alone it is used?—I am not regardless of the argument which was used, of the circuitry of this voyage as an inference against its being an entire transaction, begun and carried on by one projector, and under one general scheme. True it is, that to carry the produce of a Spanish colony in lat. 34 S. to an American port in lat. 41 N. and then to re-export it to another Spanish colony in lat. 23, where by 18 degs. in a southerly direction are to be retraced, is rather a circuitous navigation. But when the unity of the transaction is well established by other evidence, it appears to me that the only deduction from this circuitry is the necessity of the enemy, which must be supplied under any circumstances of inconvenience, from double freight and enlarged expenses. The only other circumstance that I rely on to shew such original intention, is the shortness of the time during which this cargo was detained in the neutral port. A long period of delay may fairly enough sustain a presumption that the markets were tried, and ordinary mercantile routines gone through; but a short stop,
perhaps no more than sufficient to take the cargo out of one vessel, and put it into the other, must lead to very opposite conclusions.
In addition then to the facts that this cargo was brought from an enemy's colony, was not landed in the neutral port, nor was the subject of any importation duties, it now appears by the plainest inferences, that there must have existed an original intention to transport it to another enemy's colony. Had that intention been carried into effect, by Mr. D. Wolf, the court could not have admitted of a moment's doubt. The only remaining question then must be, how far the transfer of the property to Mr. Bradford induces any favorable distinction?
But, in the first place, the reality or that transfer does admit of considerable doubt. The vessel, with her cargo ready laden, is sold in a lump—I do not affirm that such a bargain may not occur, but at least the usual prudence of mercantile enquiry entitles me to say, it is not a very likely transaction. The master, too, knows nothing of the consideration. I beg to be understood as by no means laying down a rule, that a master should in all cases be acquainted with the consideration which is paid for a vessel or cargo by his employers; but I merely say with respect to this master's want of knowledge, that it is the more singular as he was an old master in the service of Mr. D. Wolf, and appears to be turned over upon this transfer to Mr. Bradford in the same lumping way with the ship and cargo.
There is another circumstance to discredit the reality of this transfer. The master says it took place on the 1st of June, and the register bears date on the 11th of June: yet on this last mentioned day, Mr. D. Wolf the former owner, advances the wages of the crew, and takes a receipt in his own name. Does this look like a complete resignation of his property on the part of Mr. D. Wolf? The answer is obvious—indeed, this point of the case is felt so strongly by the master endeavors to excuse it, by saying, that Mr. Bradford not being at Bristol at the time the ship sailed, his brother-in-law, Mr. D. Wolf, paid the men their advance of a month's wages. But how is he borne out in this explanation? By comparing that receipt with the role d'équipage , in which the date of each person's entry is given, it appears that though the receipt at the head of it is dated the 11th of June, yet in fact there was a continued payment to each successive seaman as he entered, up to the day of sailing, which was the fifteenth of June. James Breisding, a seaman, entered on the 15th day, and he signs the receipt for an advance of wages, and under him the master himself signs for a like advance, and of course it is to be taken that he received his advance after the other. It is not enough to shew that Mr. Bradford was absent on that day—it must be proved that he was out of the way during the whole period, from the 11th to the 15th; yet on that 11th day of June we know he was not absent, because on that day, he swore to his sole interest in the cargo before a notary in Bristol, and took the oath of exclusive property in the ship before the officers of the customs, upon which they issued the ship's register.
But in the second place, admitting the reality of the transfer, and allowing that something of a consideration did pass from Bradford to D. Wolf, so as to satisfy Bradford in taking new papers, and describing the property as exclusively his own, how after all is a better title to retribution established? We have only to look to the connection between these two persons. The masters tell us they are brother-in-laws. It is no improbable presumption that they are partners. Jackson, one of the seamen, expressly speaks of them in that character. Another witness, Browne, tells us he has known the vessel several years, and as being under Mr. Bradford's direction. In another place he speaks of her more expressly as the property of Mr. Bradford exclusively. This no doubt was a mistake, but it goes a great way to shew what was the common understanding, as to their concern over each other's property; or, I should rather say the impossibility to divide their interests. Here that business of advancing their wages comes again in aid of this conclusion—as an excuse for the act, it's attributed to fraternal affection; but I cannot forget that the payment is made and the receipts taken by a clerk (its hand writing being the same as that of a letter from D. Wolf & Co. to a merchant at Havana, which is among the papers in the cause,) from whence I draw this probable conclusion, that it was done in the way of business, and that there was but one mercantile purse between the two gentlemen.
As to this transaction, therefore, I must consider Mr. D. Wolf and Mr. Bradford as one and the same person, and when I see this sort of banding over between them, I can only conclude that it was a preconcerted scheme to avoid penalties which they were well aware of, and that for this purpose it was managed (by way of raising the semblance of a separation of interests) that the goods should be imported by the one person and exported by the other. But with the close connection which is proved in this case to subsist between them, if the act of one is not to be taken as the act of the other, at least it is clear that there was a concert between them to effect an illegal end, and that this voyage from
Bristol to Havana, on account of Mr. Bradford, was only a consummation of the other voyage from Buenos Ayres to Bristol on account of Mr. D. Wolf, that first voyage and its final object being known to them both.
It is my duty to pronounce, that this attempt to break the continuity of the voyage cannot avail, and that the same penalty of confiscation must be attached to this case as would have applied to a direct voyage between the hostile ports. I by no means accede to the distinctions which were attempted to be set up with respect to the ship. Had this been a case of charter, exception might reasonably (and not without success) have been urged in favor of an innocent ship owner. But no such reasoning can apply when the ship and cargo belong to the same persons. I therefore pronounce that both ship and cargo are subject to condemnation—but I restore private adventures.
FROM THE AMERICAN CITIZEN.
DR. FRANKLIN—The works of this celebrated patriot and sage were collected and published in London in April last, in three handsome octavo volumes, and may be had at Brisban and Brannan's, booksellers, Pearl street, and of Mr. Osborne, near the Park.
The entire of the work is not, however, ascertained to be Franklin's. The editor has collected all the known writings of the sage within his sphere, and to these he has added such as from internal evidence are concluded to be his. The latter are distinguished as apocryphal, and the reasons given for ascribing them to Franklin. The work is issued to the world in lieu of the genuine one which by Franklin was designed to have been published after his death. In the preface, which succeeds these remarks, the London editor explains himself on this point at some length.
Dr. Franklin had by will bequeathed his literary property to his grand-son, William Temple Franklin, who by his directions was to publish the entire of his works. To William Temple Franklin, therefore, was confided in a great measure, the political and literary fame of one who by his genius had enlightened the world and given renown to his country. To carry more completely into effect, it is charity to suppose, the pious will of his grand-father, William Temple Franklin repaired to London with the manuscripts of the sage, and such of his printed works as he had collected in America. Having in London prepared the work for the press, the British government, alarmed at that exposition of their crimes which they anticipated from the publication, found means to suppress it. William Temple Franklin, without shame, without remorse, mean and mercenary, sold the sacred deposit committed to his care by Dr. Franklin to the British government! Franklin's works are therefore lost; lost to America, lost to the world!
Over the press the government of England has a pernicious control. Works like Franklin's, which admit of no palliation; whose force cannot be diverted by power, or weakened by sophistry, they purchase for suppression. Over daily and ordinary occurrences they have a prejudicial influence. It is well known that the British government has journals in its pay to "misrepresent the king to the people, and the people to the king." Three fifths of the daily papers in London are owned by the government and maintained by its treasury. Under such a state of things, what can be expected but slavery of the worst kind?
Extract from the preface to the London Edition of Franklin.
"The character of Dr. Franklin, as a philosopher, a politician, and a moralist, is too well known to require illustration, and his writings, from their interesting nature, and the fascinating simplicity of their style, are too highly esteemed, for any apology to be necessary for so large a collection of them, unless it should be deemed necessary by the individual to whom Dr. Franklin in his will consigned his manuscripts: & to him our apology will consist in a reference to his own extraordinary conduct.
"In bequeathing his papers, it was no doubt the intention of the testator, that the world should have the chance of being benefited by their publication. It was so understood by the person in question, his grandson, who accordingly shortly after the death of his great relative, hastened to London, the best mart for literary property, employed an amanuensis for many months in copying, ransacked our public libraries that nothing might escape, and at length had so far prepared the works of Dr. Franklin for the press, that proposals were made by him to several of our principal booksellers for the sale of them. They were to form 3 quarto volumes, and were to contain all the published and unpublished works of Franklin, with Memoirs of his life, brought down by himself to the year 1757, and continued to his death by the legatee. They were to be published in three different languages, and the countries corresponding to those languages, France, Germany, and England, on the same day. The terms asked for the copy right of the English edition were high, amounting to several thousand pounds, which occasioned a little demur; but eventually they would no doubt have obtained. Nothing more however was heard of the proposals or the work, in this its fair market. The proprietor, it seems, had found
a bidder of a different description in some emissary of government, whose object was to withhold the manuscripts from the world, not to benefit it, by their publication; and they thus passed into other hands, or the person to whom they were bequeathed received a remuneration for suppressing them. This at least has been asserted, by a variety of persons, both in this country and America, of whom some were at the time intimate with the grandson, and not wholly unacquainted with the machinations of the ministry; and the silence, which has been observed for so many years respecting the publication, gives additional credibility to the report.
"What the manuscript contained, that should have excited the jealousy of government, we are unable as we have never seen them, positively to affirm; but from the conspicuous part acted by the author in the American revolution and the wars connected with it, it is by no means difficult to guess; and of this we are sure, from his character, that no disposition of his writings could have been more contrary to his intentions or wishes."
Boston, Sept. 28.
Captain Shattuck, who arrived here on Wednesday, sailed from Cadiz on the 15th Aug. On the 10th, an express came to Cadiz, with information of the conclusion of a general peace. It was said, the preliminaries were signed at Paris on the 31st of July. There were 15 sail of the line lying at Cadiz (French and Spanish) ready for sea. A grand feu de joie was fired from the ships and forts soon after the receipt of the news of peace. The people were almost distracted with joy at the intelligence.
It was reported, that the French troops in Naples had made an attempt against Sicily, and been defeated with great loss.
There were no rumours respecting the posture of the American negotiation with Spain. The frigate Constitution had been at Cadiz, but not being admitted to practice, had sailed, for Lisbon, as was supposed.
It is generally understood that one of the threats held out by Bonaparte during the present negotiation, has been, that if Great Britain would not consent to a peace, he would invade Portugal, and either annex it to his dominions, or bestow it on one of his relations.
London paper.
New-York, Sept. 26.
By captain Clifton, who left Cadiz on the 1st of August, we learn, that 2 Spanish ships of the line were ready for sea, destination not known; that nine British ships of the line, and two frigates, were blockading Cadiz; and that a treaty of peace having been concluded between Spain and Great Britain was without foundation.
New-York, Sept. 30.
Capt. Gold, who arrived yesterday morning in 19 days from Porto Rico, informs that news had been received there from the Main, that Miranda landed in the Gulf of Coro on the 23th of Aug. with 600 men, that he had been joined by 10,000 well disciplined troops, and it was expected he would soon overrun the country. This information was received at Porto Rico on the 8th of Sept. by a Danish schooner, and was very generally believed.
We understand that letters have been received in town from respectable gentlemen at that place, which corroborate the above.
New-York, Sept. 29.
The ship Oil , captain Crocker, arrived at this port last evening in 59 days from London. She left Deale on the 9th of August, and brings London papers to the 7th. From the "Sun," of that date, with which the Editor of the Mercantile Advertiser has been favored, the following articles are copied. They are silent as to the progress of the negotiation for peace; but captain Crocker and some of his passengers informs us that such an event was talked of in London as likely to take place in a very short time.
LONDON, August 7.
We received this morning New-York papers to the 14th July. We are sorry to find that every effort is still used to inflame the public mind in America against this country. We have extracted an article respecting the behavior of an officer of the Cambrian to the crew of an American ship, [the Kentucky of Baltimore] not because we give the slightest credit to the statement, but as a specimen of the intemperate and indecent language which disgraces the American papers.
Two Gottemberg mails arrived this morning. The following is the only article of intelligence they contain:
GOTTENBURG, July 28.
Yesterday arrived a Russian courier in nine days from St. Petersburg, with dispatches for the Russian minister in London, and for the English government, he will take his passage in the packet that sails to day. The Russian army, it appears, are all in cantonments, ready to be called forth at an hour's warning. A large body of troops is upon the Polish frontier.
Yesterday the signal was made for the expedition at Spithead to get under way; but the wind coming round to the westward, it was soon after annulled. The vessels that sailed from the Downs have also been obliged to put back in consequence of the wind changing.

Mr. Fox, according to the report of this day, had submitted to the operation of tapping. It is said that four gallons of water were drawn off, and that he felt considerable relief. Earl Moira attends at Mr. Fox's office, and transacts business for him.
It is reported, that at the grand fete now preparing at Paris, or when a general peace is proclaimed, Bonaparte intends to announce his nomination of several hundreds of his subjects to be dukes, marquises, counts, and barons. Among these will be some of the ancient French nobility. Among the members of his family he has also resolved to revive the titles of duke of Orleans, princes of Conde and Conti, &c.
Philadelphia, Sept. 29.
Extract of a letter, dated Natchitoches, 11th Aug. 1806.
"An opportunity serving to Fort Adams, I take advantage of it to make known to you the present state of things here. In my last I informed you of 600 Spanish horsemen which had arrived at Bayou Pierre, they have been since reinforced by between 3 and 400 more, and have extended their line within 30 miles of this post. A few days since major Porter went out to hold a conference with the Spanish commander, whom he met 36 miles from hence; the result of the conference we can only judge of by the effect, for no offensive measures have followed; though duty is performed with the same strictness, and no relaxation whatever in our measures of precaution. Indeed our troops are, though comparatively few, in excellent spirits, and anxious to be led against the Spaniards; if they were allowed to engage, I feel no apprehension about the result, for though they are very numerous, they possess neither the same discipline nor the increments that we do; love of country is not a passion of theirs, and they come with very evident signs of reluctance, and if an excuse offered would be very glad to go back again. Two Americans who were taken at Bayou Pierre when the Spaniards arrived there, attempted to escape, one of them of the name of Watkins has succeeded, the other failed in the attempt."
"There are reports of the Spaniards having overtaken and obliged captain Freeman's party to return back; but this I do not credit."
Extract of a letter from Capt. William Prentiss, master of the brig Triton, belonging to Portland to a gentleman in that town, dated Antigua, 23d 1806.
"Sir, "I think it my duty to acquaint you of a new principle they have adopted in this port for condemning American property. The case of the brig Triton, was determined yesterday. Vessel and cargo condemned, for going to Barbary, there disposing of lumber to the amount of 3,000 dollars, in bills & cash; from thence to Martinico, and there disposed of the rest of her cargo for produce. Also purchased produce with the cash and bills. The council contended for condemnation, on the grounds of its being a circuitous voyage, and upon that construction of the case, the court gave judgment for the captors."
Foulson's Am. D. Ad.
NEW-ORLEANS, Aug. 29.
Extract of a letter from a gentleman at Fort Adams, to his friend in this city, dated Aug. 25.
"As to our war-like affairs on the Red River, nothing has transpired since my last. Gov. Claiborne, and his adjutant general are gone to Natchitoches, captains Lockwood and Hains, left this to-day for that post, and colonel Kingsbury with the troops will follow to-morrow, our militia are mustered and under drill."
COMMUNICATION.
We have the pleasure to acquaint the inhabitants of this City that those of Alexandria have commenced with spirit the Road to the intended Bridge at Alexander's Island; and will in the course of this month undoubtedly avail themselves of the Ferry Boats, so liberally provided for by Inhabitants of the city. The distance from the Capitol by this route to Alexandria is about one-third less than the one at present used.
THE Subscribers for the MARYLAND AVENUE, FERRY-BOATS, are requested to meet at Mr. STELLE'S HOTEL on Friday evening the 3d inst. at 5 o'clock.
Washington city, Oct. 2.
NEGROES.
FOR SALE, two young like y Black women. To hire by the Year, Two good Laborers and a Boy—Enquire of the Printer.
October 1—wif
THE subscriber not having disposed of all the property he advertised for sale on the 22d inst. owing to the weather being unfavorable to the purpose,
WILL AGAIN FOR SALE at his present residence in Charles county on Monday the 27th inst. a few Horses and Horned cattle, some excellent Household and Kitchen Furniture, inuary goods in his late house, a good cart, a farm with necessary tubs, plantation utensils, carpenters tools, and a large quantity of well cured fodder, hay and straw. The sale will commence on the above day, should it prove fair, if not on the first fair day thereafter and continue from day to day till all is sold—For all sums of 30 DOLLARS and under cash will be required, and for all over 30 DOLLARS, six months credit will be given on the purchaser giving bond or note with approved security on interest from the date.
GEORGE LEE.
October 3—tdf
Patent Threshing Machine.
I HAVE invented a machine for threshing all kinds of Grain contained in straw, stem or chaff, particularly wheat, this machine has been found on fair trial to answer completely the purpose for which it was intended. Farmers now have it in their power to get out their grain with expedition, free of dirt white caps or loth. This machine is constructed on entirely new principles; its operation is by flails encircled by a cylinder moved upon friction wheels, and can be regulated at pleasure, to thresh the grain more or less, as the dampness, dryness, or particular kinds of grain may require it. It will be found upon examining the principles on which this machine is constructed, that it will be the best of the poller if any grain passes unthreshed; it separates the grain from the straw and chaff, as it threshes also the chaff from the straw; the construction is by no means complicated—not liable to get out of order, and not expensive to erect. It has been found by fair experiment the power of four small mules or two good horses are sufficient to thresh and clean one hundred bushels per day with great ease. Those on extensive farms who with more grain threshed per day may obtain any quantity they wish, by making the machine larger, and applying more power. If farmers only knew the excessive loss they sustain in getting out their grain in the mode heretofore used, nothing more would be necessary to bring my machine into general use. Those who have small farms on their farms will find they may get the machine going by water at a small expense, by a small tub wheel. To those who are acquainted with the gentlemen whose certificates I annex, nothing need be said; those who are not, will find, on enquiry, for intelligence and respectability they have superiors. My price for the privilege of using my machine, is fifty dollars. I will dispose of my privilege for counties or states to those who will purchase on liberal terms. Letters addressed to me post paid, at Dumfries, Virginia, will be duly attended to.
JAMES DENEALE.
Dumfries, 23d Sept. 1806
NO. I.
I do hereby certify, that I have a threshing machine erected on the plan invented by Mr. James Deneale, of Dumfries, which exceeds my expectation. A great number of my neighbors who have seen it work, think it does not leave one grain in ten thousand unthreshed; it separates the straw and chaff from the wheat as it threshes. It possesses many advantages over machines on the Scotch principle, as they will thresh none but what goes in with the ear first; so that all tangled wheat is not much more than half threshed. Mr. Deneale's machine threshes tangled wheat or sheaves put in but first per day clean.
In very dry weather Scotch machines fetch off a great number of heads, a great many of which the utmost care cannot prevent being carried off by the straw; the very ears without straw are perfectly clean threshed by Mr. Deneale's Scotch machines, take nearly double power to work them. I speak the above from experience; as I had a machine on the Scotch principle, which from the above faults I had not used for several years, and have now pulled it down.
Mr. Deneale's machine will thresh from 70 to 100 bushels per day, four small mules or two good horses will work it with great ease, and I am convinced from the slow pace they go that two oxen would work it.
Although my machine (which was the first erected in this part of the state) has been built but a few months, it is so well approved of that a great many are either built or now building on the same construction.
It will be shown in operation to any gentlemen calling on the subscriber, at Beverley's Ford, Fauquier county, Virg.
STEPHEN MILBURN.
September 5, 1806.
NO. II.
I have several years known Mr. Milburn, who has given the within certificate—he is a sensible, judicious, practical farmer, and a man of good character. He is a native of the county of Northumberland, in the kingdom of Great Britain, and has been a successful farmer in this country. I think that great confidence is to be placed in what he says.
DANIEL C. BRENT.
September 13, 1806.
NO. III.
I have had erected on my plantation a Threshing Machine upon the model invented by Mr. Deneale, of Dumfries; this machine separates the wheat from the straw more completely than it can be done by treading in the usual way with horses, and it will, I am persuaded, clean from 90 to 100 bushels per day. I find that four mules will turn the machinery with ease.
WILLIAM CUAMER CARTER.
Culpepper, 5th Sept. 1806.
NO. IV.
Induced by motives of public good, I wish to make known, that in company with some of my neighbors, we viewed on the estate of Wm. Champe Carter, esq. Mr. Deneale's new invented Patent Threshing Machine, performed by Mr. Weil, a most masterly, beautiful piece of mechanism. Notwithstanding the straw was damp and the negro flails that worked it, awkward, yet on a fair trial it beat out and cleaned upwards of four
bushels and a half in half an hour; we carefully examined the straw, which was so entirely cleaned of wheat that therein we did not find more than four or five grains. Therefore, on the whole, I do not hesitate to pronounce it, in my judgement, the most complete and most useful thing of the kind which human wisdom has yet invented.
JOHN STRODE.
Culpepper, 29th August, 1806.
NO. V.
Since the date of the above, the manager of the estate of Wm. Champe Carter, esq. Mr. Kenben Beazeley, a man of good character and respectability, who has had the condigning of the aforesaid machine, has made the following affidavit.
JOHN STRODE.
CULPEPPER COUNTY, TO WIT:
This day personally appeared before me, Mr. Kenben Beazeley, and made oath that the wheat machine, commonly called Deneale's Patent Threshing machine, under his care and direction, on the estate of Wm. Champe Carter, esq. as the hands begin to understand it more, gets out wheat faster than at the beginning; and has on fair trial lately cleaned from the straw in the space of half an hour, more than six bushels of wheat, and believes it would continue to do that much as long as the four mules that work it could remain at that service, until taken out to give them food and water. Certified under my hand this 12th day of September, 1806.
JOHN STRODE.
IRON WORKS, FOR SALE.
THE Subscriber is duly empowered to contract for the sale of a handsome site for Iron Works, and eight thousand acres of Land adjoining, lying on the river Rappahannock, about nine miles above Fredericksburg. The site for the works embraces a small stream with 60 feet fall of water, within 500 yards of its confluence with the river, and immediately above commences the most advantageous feet for water works, of different kinds, commanding the whole source of the river Rappahannock, by a natural canal of about 800 yards in length, into which the whole force of the river may be turned with little expense. There has been a furnace and other works formerly erected here, and the ore found equal and abundant to any in the country and it has been several times tried by good judges. The title is indisputable, and a great bargain may by had. The subscriber will at any time attend those inclined to view the premises, and can show the lands, and site for the works, by an accurate survey he now has, on application to him at Dumfries, Virginia.
JAMES DENEALE.
September 29—6t&wam
HENRY INGLE,
HAS received by the Leonidas, from Liverpool, a large supply of HARDWARE, amongst which are building materials, furniture, and tools for mechanics. Painted and Japan'd Cruet stands, } For Ivory handled Knives and Forks, } House-keepers. Wire Fenders, &c. &c. The residue of his assortment is expected by the Six St. 1806, and by the William and John. September 29—tm
LOST,
Supposed to be stolen on the 16th inst. a BLACK MARE, 4 years old nearly 10 hands high; she has a long blaze down her top lip—her under lip and all four feet are white, with many white hairs, on each side, under the Tail which is rather short docked and thin of hair. She has a small black spot on each fore foot near the hoof—has been used mostly in the collar and moves rather heavily. Whoever will take up the mare and Mare shall receive 20 dollars, or 10 dollars for delivering the mare to me. Charles Mitcheffe. Washington city, near the Eastern Branch bridge. Sept 26—tf
NOTICE.
ON the 15th day of October next, at the UNION Tavern in George Town—will be sold, the whole of the personal estate of CHARLES M'LAUGHLIN deceased, consisting of Beds, Bedding, Chairs, Tables, Looking-glasses, Negroes, Horses, Stages, Cows, Hogs, &c. &c. agreeably to an order of the Orphan's Court of Washington county. The terms of sale are, all sums not exceeding 20 dollars cash, for all sums above 20 dollars a credit of six months, the purchaser giving note with approved endorser, interest to be included from the day of sale. P. M'LAUGHLIN, Adm. September 26—2w
FOR SALE.
WILL be sold to the highest bidder, on the 23d day of October next at 12 o'clock, on the premises, that very valuable property, adjoining the Bank of Columbia, in George-Town, which is now occupied as a tavern by Mr. Wm. Graham. This property is in the center of George-Town, the house is large and commodious, with every convenience necessary for a tavern. Adjoining thereto, is a kitchen, stables, and necessary out-houses. There is attached to said property an excellent dwelling house for a family that will be sold with it. No situation in George-Town, can surpass this for a tavern, nor can there be more suitable buildings for that purpose than those on said property. The terms of sale are, one third of the purchase money to be paid within 60 days with interest, and the other two thirds to be paid in one, two, and three equal annual installments, with interest thereon from the day of sale. The whole to be secured by good negotiable notes with approved endorser. Possession will be given immediately. OSBORN SPRIGG. Prince George's county, October 1—tdf
GEORGE-TOWN, WASHINGTON AND BALTIMORE MAIL STAGES.
THE PUBLIC ARE RESPECTFULLY INFORMED THAT
MYER'S NEW LINE
WILL START FROM
MR. SEMMES'S Tavern, George-Town, and call for passengers at RHODES', MYER'S and FROST'S Hotels, city of Washington.
RARE THREE DOLLARS AND A HALF.
October 1—2t
ADVERTISEMENT.
HIS is to give notice that the subscriber has obtained Licences for the purpose of keeping a
FERRY OVER THE EASTERN BRANCH,
Lower end of South Capitol Street, generally known by the name of Barry's Ferry, and having provided himself with strong boats and hands, intends to commence this day, and engages that every possible attention shall be paid to those who please to favor him with their custom.
He has for Sale on his Wharf,
at the place where the Ferry Boat will land, Indian Corn and Meal, Wheat Flour, Bacon, Herring in barrels, Rum, Brandy, Holland Gin, Cherry Bounce, Whiskey, Molasses, Sugar, &c. Coffee, Salt, Chocolate, Soap, Candles, Queens-ware, coarse Linens, Knives, and sundry other small articles.
JEREMIAH BOOTH. Washington, October 1—taw3w
The Washington Building Company,
WILL hold their regular quarterly meeting at MYER'S Tavern, on the first Tuesday in October next, at 7 o'clock in the evening. The members are requested to be punctual in their attendance.
By order of the Building Committee, THOS. HERTY, Sec'y. October 1—3t
PROPOSALS FOR PUBLISHING
Geographical Description
OF ALL THE
STATES & TERRITORIES
IN THE UNION,
In separate volumes; with a particular and correct description of the several counties and towns, in each state.
Illustrated with Maps,
By Joseph Scott,
Author of the United States' Gazetteer,
the Modern Geographical Dictionary in 4 vol. oct. a Geographical Dictionary of the United States of North America, &c. &c.
THE geographical description of each of the larger states, with the counties, towns, &c. will form a neat little volume of about 150 pages. Two of the smaller states may form a volume, or one of them may be comprised in the same volume with a larger adjoining state, as Maryland and Delaware.
Each volume will be complete in itself; so that subscribers may take one, two, &c. or the whole number. The paper, type, and size of the page, will exactly correspond with the description of Pennsylvania, now published; so that subscribers for the whole may have two or more bound together to suit their own taste.
They will be published neatly done up in boards.
The description of each state will be embellished with a handsome map.
It is supposed that the whole will amount to about FOURTEEN LITTLE VOLUMES.
A general description of the United States will be given in the last, which will render the whole the fullest, and most correct geographical description of the United States, that has hitherto been published.
The plan, which the author has adopted, is the most comprehensive that could be suggested, as it will comprise under proper and distinct heads, every thing worthy of notice.
No money will be required till on the delivery of the work.
The Price of each Volume will be Fifty Cents.
The next volume will contain, A Geographical description of MARYLAND and DELAWARE, illustrated with a Map of each state.
The work is nearly ready for the press, and will soon be published.
The Editors of newspapers, in Maryland, are requested to insert the above proposals twice. They will be paid on the publication of the work.
August 10—
FOR SALE,
That valuable tract of Land belonging to the estate of the late Richard Henderson, lying in Prince George's county on the Eastern Branch of Potomac and nearly adjoining the town of Bladensburg containing about 500 acres—this land is well watered, lays level and is productive, from 15 to 20 acres is now in good timothy meadow, and a much larger quantity of rich marsh may be brought into this state, the wood land is thriving and abundant for the support of the farm. Its vicinity to the city of Washington & George-Town and laying on tide water, makes it desirable estate. One fourth of the purchase money will be required in hand, the payment of the balance will be made easy. Mr. Joseph Wilson who lives on the land will show it to any person who may wish to view the same. JAMES LINGAN, } Executors of JOHN HENDERSON, } R. Henderson. August 20—tawtf
Proposals FOR PUBLISHING BY SUBSCRIPTION, PYRROLOIMOGIA, Or, Inquiries into the Pestilence called the YELLOW FEVER.
CONTAINING the history of its symptoms and prevalence in different parts of the world; a comparative statement of all controversies respecting its origin, modes of propagation and treatment; with an attempt towards a new theory of the electrical phenomena and galvanic influence arising from terraqueous & petrid exhalations, which explains the causes of pestilential diseases, their remedies and preventatives.
By FELIX PASCALIS, M. D. Of New York,
Formerly Physician and Member of the Board of Health in the State of Pennsylvania, Honorary Member of the Medical Societies of Philadelphia, and of Connecticut; and Associate to other American and European Literary institutions.
The author has been a medical practitioner in Philadelphia during seven epidemical occurrences of the Yellow Pestilence. To enlarge the sphere of his experimental observations on that interesting subject, he has lately travelled in the south of Spain, and also visited South Carolina, where that disease has by many been supposed to be endemic. With so many motives to trust to his opinions, the author wishes, notwithstanding, to be honored with the support of the learned in this U. States, who have had so many more opportunities than those of Europe to exercise their judgment on a subject highly important to the welfare of this country—a country with which many European nations frequently interdict the intercourse of their subjects as if it were absolutely the abode of pestilence. Whatever claims the author may imagine he derives from his experience, he will, however, thankfully receive any documents contrary to the theory he proposes. He, therefore, respectfully solicits communications tending either to establish or to invalidate the truth of an Electrical and Galvanic influence, &c. as a cause of pestilential diseases. Such interesting papers on these subjects as he shall be favored with previously to the first of November next (post paid) will be gratefully acknowledged, and duly noticed, unless otherwise requested.
CONDITIONS.
This work shall be printed in a handsome style, on fine wove paper and new type, as soon as a sufficient number of subscribers shall be obtained to defray the necessary expenses. It will be comprised in two volumes octavo, each volume containing more than 500 pages; to be delivered to subscribers in boards at Five Dollars the set, or handsomely bound and lettered at Six Dollars. Subscriptions received at the Courier office No. 1. Broad Street. Charleston, Aug. 15—*
PROPOSALS for opening, bridging and improving the road laid out under the direction of the Secretary of War, between Nashville in Tennessee and Grindstone Ford on the Tennessee river in the Mississippi territory, will be received at the General Post Office until the 15th day of December next.
For the convenience of contractors the road will be divided into three parts, and separate proposals received for each.
1. From Nashville to the Tennessee river, 113 miles.
2. From Tennessee river to Loonachitto creek, a branch of the Big Black river, 113 miles.
3. From Loonachitto creek to Grindstone Ford, 135 miles.
NOTES.
Note 1. The road is to be cleared of all trees logs and brush, twelve feet in width and made passable for a waggon. All streams not over forty feet wide are to be bridged, and the banks of other streams are to be sheled or sloped down so that they may be passable for a waggon.
Note 2. The bridges are to be twelve feet broad supported by proper abutments, the bridge part to be composed of four pieces of timber not less than 10 inches in diameter at the smallest end, and covered with halved logs whose original diameter was not less than 8 inches, the piers or supports of the bridges not to be more than twenty feet apart.
Note 3. Some parts of the road will require casewaying, these will be pointed out by the Post Master General's agent. The casewaying is to be done with logs, 10 feet in length and not less than 6 inches over 9 inches in diameter, earth is to be thrown upon them to render them passable, and where the places to be casewayed are subject to be overflowed that caseway is to have a rider on each side keyed down by forked stakes or stones and gravel.
Note 4. It is supposed that there is already a cleared waggon path on some part of the distance, no clearing is to be done where that is the case. The work is to be completed by the first day of October 1807. Reasonable advances will be made at the commencement of the work, and the balance paid as soon as the work is completed. Mr. R. J. Meigs, and Mr. Thomas Wright are to decide whether it be executed conformable to contract.
Note 5. The proposals should state the price by the mile for clearing, the price by the yard, length for casewaying, the price by the foot in length for the bridgework, and the price by the cubic yard for sloping or sheving the banks at watercourses.
GIDEON GRANGER, Postmaster-general, Sept. 15—tawtf
LOST
A bright Bay HORSE, about 14 hands high, short bushy tail, some white spots on his back apparently occasioned by the saddle, trots, paces, and gallops; a remarkable number, he was in good keep when lost about three weeks since. The subscriber will pay to the person that shall restore this horse to the possession of Mr. George Suherland, messanger of the Navy Department the sum of 10 Dollars. CH. W. GOLDSBOROUGH, September 26—

ELIAS B. CALDWELL, ATTORNEY AT LAW,
HAS removed his Office, to the house lately occupied by Mr. LAW, on Capitol Hill, Washington, July 26—tf
EDUCATION.
THE Subscriber, late a Professor in St. John's College, Annapolis, respectfully informs the inhabitants of Upper Marlboro' and the friends of learning generally, that he INTENDS TO OPEN A SCHOOL in this town, on Monday the 23d inst. for the education of Young Gentlemen, who will be instructed in the different
Greek and Latin Authors, Roman and Grecian History, English Grammar, Reading, Writing, Arithmetic, &c. He hopes from his long experience as a public teacher, to meet with the support of a generous public.
The Subscriber will board in his family young gentlemen—Terms for five days in the week 100 DOLLARS. For continued boarder: 120 DOLLARS per annum, Bed and bedding being supplied by their parent—Terms of tuition for Greek and Latin, Ten Guineas—for English, &c. Ten Pounds per annum, one Dollar for House rent and half a cord of fire-wood.
HUGH M. GURE. Upper Marlboro' Sept. 24—4w
Prince George's county, fl.
On the 17th day of September 1806. W. CHARD ROSS brought before the subscriber, two Bay HORSES, one a dark Bay 13 hands high, about 9 or 10 years old, the other a light Bay nearly the same size, and age about 15 hands high, neither of which horses have any perceivable brand or other distinguishing marks.
Given under my hand the day and year aforesaid. G. B. R. P. VANHORN The owner is requested to prove property, pay charges and take them away. RICHARD ROSS. September 24—3t
BANK OF COLUMBIA.
The Board of Directors having this day declared a dividend for the half year, ending the 20th inst. at the rate of Eight per cent. per annum. The same will be paid to the Stockholders or their representatives any time after Saturday the 20th inst. Wm. WBANN Cash.r Sept. 19th.
FIVE DOLLARS REWARD.
STRAYED from the Commons near the Navy Yard, on Saturday evening last, A Roan Horse, about 12 hands high, has a blaze on his face, fore legs white to his knees, hind legs white to his knees and a streak of white from that to his hocks, he is shod before and has a switch tail. Any person taking up said horse and delivering him to Mr. McWILLIAMS near the Navy Yard, or secure him that he may be got shall receive the above reward. September 24—3t
WANTED IMMEDIATELY.
As an apprentice to the Druggist business—an active lad of about fifteen years of age—one who has some knowledge of the business, or who has been accustomed to attend in a store would be preferred. Enquire of the Printer. Sept. 13—tf
JUST RECEIVED, FROM PHILADELPHIA, And now opening at D. RAPINE'S BOOKSTORE, CAPITOL HILL, DR. REES' NEW CYCLOPEDIA, VOL. I. PART II.
Gentlemen who have patronized the work will please send for their copies. Kalb's treatise of the Pleas of the Crown, 2 vols. Reports, vols. 3 and 6. Plowden's history of Ireland, 5 vols. The secret history of the Court and Cabinet of St. Cloud, Conversations on Chemistry, The Mariner's Chronicle, being a collection of the most interesting narratives of shipwrecks, fires, famines, &c. vols. 1, and 2. And a great variety of other late and valuable publications, all which will be sold at reasonable prices. September 13—5t
50 Dollars Reward.
RANAWAY from the subscriber, on the 20th inst. a mulatto JOE. Joe is a foot well made dark mulatto yellow, 5 feet 9 or 10 inches high, about 30 years of age—has several large scars on his hands and body. Hips a little. Had on and took with him, a tow linen shirt & trowers, one pair of nankin trowsers, also one old burton coat and old hat but much worn. Joe can write a tolerable good hand, & has run away before when he was taken out & put in the Frederick town jail & sold out by George Creager in 1803. Any person taking up said Joe, and securing him in any jail so that I get him again, shall receive if taken within the county 20 dollars, and if out of the state the above reward. If brought home all reasonable charges will be paid by the subscriber living in Frederick county, Md. near New Market.
SINGLTON BURFE. N. B. I forewarn all persons from harboring or carrying off said fellow at their peril. P. S. Joe ran off in company with a fellow named Adam, and they were both lately advertised together; since which Adam has been taken and secured in the jail of York, (Pa.) Joe went in the same direction, and will probably make for Philadelphia, and endeavor to get on board some vessel and go to sea. Sept. 12—aprl
LEONARD TOWN JOCKEY CLUB RACES.
On the 2nd and Tuesday in October next, a PURSE of Forty Guineas will be run for over a handsome course—beats four miles, free for any horse, mare, or gelding, agreeable to the rules of the Club, & on the following day a Purse of 20 Guineas will be run for over same course, beats two miles, free as aforesaid, only excepting the winning horse of the preceding day.
By order of the Club, B. J. MILLARD, Sec. Sept 2—aprl
THE SUBSCRIBER
HAS just supplied his shop in F street with a complete assortment of fresh Medicines & Drugs, among which are Spermaceti & Linseed oils—also Paints of every description. THOMAS PATTERSON. Washington city, June 23—tf
On a liberal credit.
THE subscriber will dispose of at private sale, his estate called Chichester, lying on the eastern branch, immediately opposite the city of Washington. This tract of land containing 697 acres is laid off in lots from 83 to 144 acres for the convenience of purchasers. Plats of the estate and the terms of sale are in the hands of colonel: Hanson at the navy yard, and Charles Wayman of George Town. The lots will be shown by Mr. Wedden, living on the premises, near the eastern branch bridge. ANTHONY ADDISON. Barnaby 12th June 1805—tf
TO RENT,
THE COMMODOIOUS BRICK STORE near the CAPITOL, now in the occupation of Messrs. P. HEALY & Co. Possession to be given on the 1st of May. Enquire of Frederick May. March 28—tf
Lots in Washington for Sale.
I will sell by public sale to the highest bidder at Rhode's tavern in the city of Washington on Wednesday the 1st of October next at 11 o'clock, A.M. LOTS numbers 13 and 14 in Square No. 321 in said city. These lots lie at a very little distance from the Branch Bank.
Six months credit will be given. The payment to be secured by notes negotiable at the bank of Columbia & suitably endorsed. JOHN MURDOCH. Georgetown, September 3—tdof
50 DOLLARS REWARD.
STOLEN out of the subscriber's pasture in Loudoun county in the night of the 26th June, a bright BAY MARE with a bald face, the left hind foot white, the right hip a little lower than the other, a mark like a seam down the hoof of the right hind foot, and it is different in shape from the other; about 15 hands and 1 1/2 high, three years old last spring, a natural trotter, had on when she was taken three shoes. Whoever will apprehend the thief and secure the mare so that the owner may get her again and the felon brought to conviction, shall have the above reward or for the mare only twenty five dollars and all reasonable charges. WILLIAM NICHOLS. Loudoun county, Vir. July 11—3m
CHARLES H. VARDEN, Merchant Taylor
New Jersey Avenue, near the Capitol. RESPC. FU. LY informs the gentlemen of the district of Columbia, that he has received by late arrivals at Philadelphia from London, a fresh supply of the best superfine cloths, cassimeres &c. with a choice assortment of plain pannels, cotton cassimeres, India pannels, blue and yellow, fashionable Trafalgar white and fancy Merleilles, with a variety of other articles suitable for the summer. N. B. Ladies habits, regimentals, and navy uniforms made in the first style of fashion. Richard Harwell's new invented patent elastic suspender, which are far superior to any heretofore in use, can be had on the same terms as at his manufactory. June 23—tf
STELLE'S HOTEL & CITY TAVERN.
THE Subscriber takes this method of thanking his friends and the public for their favors whilst on the Capitol Square and begs leave to acquaint them that he has taken the Spacious Hotel lately erected by Mr. Carroll, near the Capitol. The hotel being above one hundred feet in front, and containing fifty rooms enables the subscriber to offer every accommodation to members of Congress and travellers which can be expected in a public house. PONTIUS D. STELLE. Washington City, March 25—tf
A FARM TO RENT.
I have a farm in Montgomery county at the FALLS of SENECA, on Potomac, 18 miles from George Town, which I will rent to good tenant on reasonable terms, for one or a term of years. JOSEPH FORRESTER. City of Washington, September 5—3w
500 DOLLARS REWARD.
IT appears that Messrs. WALKER and KENNEDY put two letters into the Post Office at Philadelphia on the 30th and 31st of July last, addressed to Messrs. JAMES & JOHN DUNLOP at Petersburg, Virginia, each letter containing 2000 dollars in bank notes, which have probably been stolen from the mail. Whoever will discover and prosecute the thief or thieves to conviction shall be entitled to the above reward. GIDEON GRANGER, Post Master General, General Post Office, September, 22, 1806.
One of the notes transmitted in the letter of the 31st of July, has been found in circulation, it is probable that others are also circulated; any person who may have either of the notes mentioned in the following list is requested to advise the Post-master general of it mentioning any circumstances that may enable him to trace the subject.
List of Bank Notes remitted the 30th of July, 1806.
  VIRGINIA BANK NOTES.  DOLLARS.    A 614 July 21, 1806 550  B 51 October 1, 1804 100  A 933 February 14, 1805 100  B 450 November 12, 1804 100  A 102 March 17, 1806 50  A 1743 October 8, 1804 20  C 2526 June 10, 1805 20  A 1905 January 30, — 20  A 2258 March 9, — 20  A 1339 October 2, 1804 20  B 304 October 1, — 20  A 2690 November 14, 1805 20  B 1156 October 2, 1804 20  C 1002 January 19, 1805 20  A 1895 December 3, — 10  A 165 October 2, 1804 10  B 412 October 15, — 10  C 1333 March 16, 1805 10  D 1857 December 3, — 10  A 626 November 26, 1804 10  A 1831 December 3, 1805 10  D 191 October 2, 1804 10  A 909 March 5, 1805 5  A 768 January 14, — 5  D 911 March 5, — 5  D 800 January 14, — 5  B 1907 February 7, 1806 5  C 546 November 16, 1804 5  
Virginia Fredericksburg Branch Bank notes.
  D 612 April 6, 1805 50  A 1135 April 2, — 50  D 1121 — 20  C 1954 Dec. 4, — 20  C 1840 Aug. 3, — 20  D 1824 — 20  B 3007 March 12, 1806 10  — 2894 Jan. 15, — 10  d 117 Feb. 7, 1805 10  A 2284 Aug. 6, — 10  — 3064 March 12, — 10  C 2404 Nov. 14, — 10  D 2752 Dec. 16, — 10  — 2876 Jan. 15, 1806 10  C 1197 July 17, 1805 5  A 2244 April 18, 1806 5  
Virginia Petersburg Branch Bank Notes.
  A 773 July 7, 1805 50  — 309 March 2, — 20  C 1154 March 6, — 10  — 888 March 3, — 10  B 695 March 1, — 10  A 1703 May 14, — 10  B 364 April 19, — 5  — 561 — 5  
Virginia Norfolk Branch Bank Notes.
  A 1075 April 1, 1805 20  D 779 March 6, — 20  B 835 March 7, — 20  — 909 March 8, — 20  d 3330 April 4, 1806 10  B 1958 May 17, 1805 10  A 2103 April 4, 1806 5  
Alexandria Bank Notes.
  42 October 22, 1802 50  46 — 100  765 June 20, 1804 100  
Bank of Potomac.
  P 287 December 4, 1804 100  
Farmers Bank of Maryland.
  D 477 October 10, 1805 5  
LIST OF BANK NOTES, REMITTED 21st of July, 1806.
Virginia Bank Notes.
  A 1978 Feb. 7, 1806 5  D 900 March 5, 1805 5  A 1982 Dec. 12, 1805 10  B 2309 May 2, 1806 10  — 860 Jan. 4, 1805 10  — 634 Nov. 26, 1804 10  — 1023 Jan. 19, 1805 10  — 2286 March 24, 1806 10  C 1479 March 17, 1805 10  — 652 Nov. 26, 1804 10  — 1545 April 14, 1805 10  D 1825 Dec. 3, — 10  — 921 Jan. 10, — 20  A 1101 Oct. 2, 1804 10  — 618 Oct. 4, — 20  — 339 Oct. 1, — 20  — 2699 Nov. 14, 1805 20  B 944 Oct. 9, 1804 20  — 1714 Oct. 8, — 20  D 2397 March 12, 1805 20  B 1229 June 14, 1806 100  
Virginia Petersburg Branch Bank Notes.
  B 1006 July 6, 1805 5  d 685 March 1, — 10  — 903 March 4, — 10  C 2128 Jan. 14, 1806 20  B 1862 August 3, 1806 20  A 183 Feb. 7, — 100  C 772 May 7, — 100  B 857 July 6, — 100  A 163 Feb. 7, — 100  D 818 July 6, — 100  A 734 May 7, — 100  — 662 May 6, — 100  — 796 May 7, — 100  — 330 Feb. 9, — 100  D 303 Feb. 9, — 100  — 163 Feb. 7, — 100  — 339 Feb. 9, — 100  B 786 May 7, — 100  
Virginia Fredericksburg Branch Bank Notes.
  B 2237 August 6, 1805 10  — 2440 Nov. 14, — 10  C 163 Feb. 7, — 10  d 2895 Jan. 13, 1806 10  A 1766 July 17, 1805 20  B 92 Feb. 6, — 100  
Virginia Norfolk Branch Bank Notes.
  A 570 March 2, 1805 100  B 157 April 15, — 5  d 1227 March 7, — 10  Sept. 24—6t  
A FACT.
THOSE indebted to me must make immediate payment, as I am determined to close my book finally, and all accounts which are not settled in a very short time will be put in a way for collection. Finding it very unpleasant, and troublesome to make collections, shall for the future sell for CASH only, which will be much more to my satisfaction