The national intelligencer and Washington advertiser. (Washington City [D.C.]), 1803-06-29 00:00:00

NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER, AND WASHINGTON ADVERTISER.
VOL. III.
WASHINGTON CITY, PRINTED BY SAMUEL HARRISON SMITH, PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE.
No. CCCCXIX.
FIVE DOLLS. PER ANN.
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 29, 1803.
PAID IN ADVANCE.
New-Hampshire Legislature.
ANSWER OF THE SENATE TO THE GOVERNOR'S SPEECH.
May it please your Excellency,
As the representatives of a free people, the Senate of New Hampshire are highly gratified in the view of that prosperity and happiness which the citizens of this state so generally enjoy; and should any grievance be discovered, which will admit of legislative remedy, our endeavours shall be directed to apply that relief in the most prompt and effectual manner.
The new proportion for taxes, which the constitution requires to be made the present year, shall receive from us all that attention which the subject demands.
The importance of a well regulated militia, for the support of a free government, must be evident to every person of information. The adoption of those measures which may place the militia of this state in a respectable condition, we consider an object of the greatest magnitude.
Should the differences, now existing among some of the European nations with whom we have connections, terminate in war, we hope that every measure, consistent with the honour of the nation, will be adopted, to preserve a strict and impartial neutrality. But should the aggressions of the ambitious and unprincipled compel us to take an attitude of defence, we trust that Americans will not be found wanting in courage and prowess to avenge the wrongs of their country.
To lessen the energies of our national government, in either of its branches, would, under existing circumstances, endanger the rational liberty we now enjoy; and eventually tend to subvert that system of government under which the United States have attained so great a degree of respectability and consequence in the political world.
The duties which the constitution enjoins upon the citizens and members of government, we feel in the strongest manner obligatory upon us; convinced that the practice of those official, moral, and social duties, together with a general dissemination of knowledge among the great body of the people, are indispensable requisites to the support of a free government.
Your excellency's official conduct hitherto, affords us the strongest evidence of your readiness to unite with the legislature in every measure which the public good may require.
ANSWER OF THE HOUSE.
May it please your Excellency,
Obedient to the constitution and the choice of our fellow-citizens, we are assembled to discharge the important duties of legislation. To meet your excellency again, invested with the office of First Magistrate of the State, inspires us with confidence to persevere in the duties of our department, under the assurance, that your talents and experience, so long recognized, will be united with our exertions for the public good.
The general happiness and prosperity, enjoyed throughout the state, is a proof that no grievances of magnitude exist; it is also a proof, that the public mind is actuated by that moderation and virtue, which alone can ensure our existence as a free people. To improve and persevere in such habits, is a primary duty. Whatever tends to deprave opinion, or deceive the public, should meet an early resistance.
Our jurisprudence has been greatly matured by the labours of former legislators. To improve, if possible, the principles by them adopted, will be more safe than to hazard the experiment of new systems. It is wisdom to profit by the admonitions of experience; and false habits should be rendered permanent. Restless ambition may suggest alteration, under the pretence of improvement; but we believe, that the best friend of a free people, is he, who administers their peace by fostering laws and customs which have been proved salutary by practice.
The constitution of the United States, and of this state, contains precepts worthy the attention and sacred regard of a free people. As the pledges of our union and safety, we feel the necessity of advocating and defending their principles. That we may long continue in the practice of this sentiment, it will be necessary to cultivate the useful arts and sciences; to improve the public mind with literature, by rendering information equally attainable by all classes of people.
Agriculture is the laudable pursuit of most of our fellow-citizens. To give it every encouragement, by assisting commerce and the useful arts, will ever be the pleasure of virtuous legislators.
In the communication from the Executive of the United States, and in your excellency's address, we recognize, with pride, those sentiments respecting the militia which accord with our own. If we wish to avoid the necessity of a standing army; if we wish to repel national insult and injury; if we wish to preserve the dignity which belongs to a republic, we must become an armed nation, and array the strength given us by the God of Nature. At the present crisis, while the peace of Europe is uncertain, to assume a posture capable of maintaining a dignified neutrality, in the event of foreign war, we conceive to be our best interest. Alarmed by recent occurrences, we feel the propriety of being able to prevent a repetition of national insult or injury.
The rapid increase of the population of the United States, admits of no diminution of our national energies; and we have reason to believe, that the immense number of foreigners, who have taken sanctuary under the mildness of our laws, have made no addition to our national harmony. If pursued by persecution in their native countries, our humanity offers an asylum; but we hope our indulgence will never warrant them in disturbing society.
We believe it to be substantially true, that virtue is a necessary spring of popular government; hence the necessity of cultivating good morals and correct information.
We assure your excellency of our prompt attention to your communications; and we shall be happy in uniting our efforts to promote the harmony and happiness of our constituents.
OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF IRON BRIDGES.
As bridges, and the method of constructing them, are becoming objects of great importance throughout the United States, and as there are at this time proposals for a bridge over the Delaware, and also a bridge beginning to be erected over the Schuylkill at Philadelphia, I present the public with some account of the construction of iron bridges.
The following memoir, on that subject, written last winter at the federal city, was intended to be presented to Congress. But as the session would necessarily be short, and as several of its members would be replaced by new elections on the ensuing session, it was judged better to let it lie over. In the mean time, on account of the bridges now in contemplation, or begun, I give the memoir, the opportunity of appearing before the public and the persons concerned in those works.
THOMAS PAINE.
Bordentown on the Delaware, New-Jersey, June 13, 1803.
TO THE CONGRESS OF THE U. STATES.
I have deposited in the office of the Secretary of State, and under the care of the patent office, two models of iron bridges; the one paste board, the other cast in metal. As they will show by inspection the manner of constructing iron bridges, I shall not take up the time of Congress with a description by words.
My intention in presenting this memoir to Congress is to put the country in possession of the means and of the right of making use of the construction freely. As I do not intend to take any patent right for it.
As America abounds in rivers that interrupt the land communications, and as by the violence of floods, and the breaking of the ice in the spring, the bridges, depending for support from the bottom of the river, are frequently carried away, I turned my attention, after the revolutionary war was over, to find a method of constructing an arch, that might, without rendering the height inconvenient or the ascent difficult, extend at once from shore to shore, over rivers of three, four, or five hundred feet and probably more.
The principle I took to begin with, & work upon, was that the small segment of a large circle was preferable to the great segment of a small circle. The appearance of such arches and the manner of forming and putting the parts together admit of many varieties, but the principle will be the same in all. The bridge architects I conversed with in England denied the principle, but it
was generally supported by mathematicians, and experiment has now established the fact.
In 1786 I made three models, partly at Philadelphia, but mostly at Bordentown in the state of Jersey. One model was in wood, one in cast iron, and one in wrought iron connected with blocks, of wood, representing cast iron blocks, but all on the same principle as that of the small segment of a large circle.
I took the last mentioned one with me to France in 1787, and presented it to the academy of sciences at Paris for their opinion of it. The academy appointed a committee of three of their own body Mons. Le Roy, the Abbe Bossut, and Mons. Borda. The first was an acquaintance of Dr. Franklin, and of Mr. Jefferson, then Minister at Paris. The two others were celebrated as mathematicians. I presented it as a model for a bridge of a single arch of 400 feet span over the river Schuylkill at Philadelphia. The committee brought in a report which the academy adopted—that an arch on the principle and construction of the model, might, in their opinion, be extended 400 feet, the extent proposed.
In September of the same year, I sent the model to Sir Joseph Banks, President of the Royal Society in England, and soon after went there myself.
In order to ascertain the truth of the principle on a larger scale than could be shown by a portable model of five or six feet in length, I went to the iron foundery of Messrs. Walters, at Rotherham, in the county of Yorkshire in England, and had a complete rib of 90 feet span, and 5 feet of height from the cord-line to the centre of the arch, manufactured and erected. It was a segment of a circle of 410 feet diameter; and until this was done, no experiment on a circle of such an extensive diameter had ever been made in architecture, or the practicability of it supposed.
The rib was erected between a wall of a furnace belonging to the iron-works, and the globe end of a brick building, which served as abutments. The weight of iron in the rib was three tons, and we loaded it with double its weight in pig iron. I wrote to Mr. Jefferson, who was then at Paris, an account of this experiment; and also Sir Joseph Banks in London, who in his answer to me says—“I look for many other bold improvements from your countrymen; the Americans, who think with vigour, and are not fettered with the trammels of science, before they are capable of exerting their mental faculties to advantage.”
On the success of this experiment, I entered into an agreement with the iron-founders at Rotherham to cast and manufacture a complete bridge, to be composed of five ribs of 110 feet span, and 5 feet of height from the cord-line, being a segment of a circle of 610 feet diameter, and to send it to London to be erected as a specimen for establishing a manufacture of iron bridges to be sent to any part of the world.
The bridge was erected at the village of Paddington near London, but being in a plain field where no advantage could be taken of abutments without the expense of building them, as in the former case, it served only as a specimen of the practicability of a manufacture of iron bridges. It was brought by sea, packed in the hold of a vessel from the place where it was made; and after standing a year, was taken down without injury to any of its parts, and might be erected any where else.
At this time my bridge operations became suspended. Mr. Edmund Burke published his attack on the French revolution and the system of representative government, and in defence of government by hereditary succession, a thing which is in its nature an absurdity because it is impossible to make wisdom hereditary; and therefore, so far as wisdom is necessary in a government, it must be looked for where it can be found. Sometimes in one family, sometimes in another. History informs us that the son of Solomon was a fool. He lost ten tribes out of twelve.* There are those in later times who lost thirteen.
The publication of this work of Mr. Burke, ably in its principles and outrageous in its manner, drew me, as I have said, from my bridge operations, and my time became employed in defending a system then established and operating in America, and which I wished to see peaceably adopted in Europe. I therefore ceased my work on the bridge to employ myself on the more necessary work, Rights of Man , in answer to Mr. Burke.
* 2 Chron. Chap. 10.
In 1792 a convention was elected in France for the express purpose of forming a constitution on the authority of the people, as had been done in America, of which convention I was elected a member. I was at that time in England, and knew nothing of my being elected till the arrival of the person who was sent officially to inform me of it.
During my residence in France, which was from 1792 to 1802, an iron bridge of 236 feet span and 34 of height from the cord line was erected over the river Wear at the town of Sunderland in the county of Durham in England. It was done chiefly at the expence of the two members in Parliament for that county, Milbanke and Burdon.
It happened that a very intimate friend of mine, Sir Robert Smyth (who was also an acquaintance of Mr. Monroe the American minister, and since of Mr. Livingston,) was then at Paris. He had been colleague in Parliament with Milbanke, and supposing that the persons who constructed the iron bridge at Sunderland had made free with my model, which was at the iron works where the Sunderland bridge was cast, he wrote to Milbanke on the subject, and the following is that gentleman's answer.
“With respect to the bridge over the river Wear at Sunderland, it certainly is a work well deserving admiration both for its structure and utility, and I have good grounds for saying, that the first idea was suggested by Mr. Paine's bridge exhibited at Paddington. What difference there may be in some part of the structure, or in the proportion of wrought and cast iron, I cannot pretend to say, Burdon having undertaken to build the bridge, in consequence of his having taken upon himself whatever the expence might be beyond between three and four thousand pounds (sterling) subscribed by myself and some other gentlemen. But whatever the mechanism might be it did not supersede the necessity of a center. [The writer has here confounded a center with a scaffolding] which center (continues the writer) was esteemed a very ingenious piece of workmanship, and taken from a plan sketched out by Mr. Nash an architect of great merit who had been consulted in the outfit of business, when a bridge of stone was in contemplation.
“With respect therefore to any gratuity to Mr. Paine, though ever so desirous of rewarding the labors of an ingenious man, I do not feel, now, under the circumstances already described I have it in my power, having had not to do with the bridge after the payment of my subscription, Mr. Burdon then becoming accountable for the whole. But if you can point out any mode, according to which it should be in my power to be instrumental in procuring him any compensation for the advantages the public may have derived from his ingenious model from which certainly the outline of the bridge at Sunderland was taken, be assured it will afford me very great satisfaction.”
RA. MILBANKE.
The year before I left France the government of that country had it in contemplation to erect an iron bridge over the river Seine at Paris. As all edifices of public construction came under the cognizance of the minister of the interior,—(and as their plan was to erect a bridge of five iron arches of one hundred feet span each, instead of passing the river with a single arch, and which was going backward in practice, instead of forward as there was already an iron arch of 236 feet in existence) I wrote the minister of the interior, the citizen Chaptal, a memoir on the construction of iron bridges. The following is his answer:
The minister of the interior to the citizen Thomas Paine.
I have received, citizen, the observation that you have been so good as to address to me upon the construction of iron bridges. They will be of the greatest utility to us in a moment when this new kind of construction goes to be executed for the first time. I see with pleasure, citizen, that you have rights of more than one kind to the thankfulness of nations, and I give you cordially, the particular expression of my esteem.
CHAPTAL.
† It is the technical term, meaning the boards and timber which form the arch upon which the permanent materials are laid: when a bridge is finished, the workmen they say are ready to strike centre, that is to take down the scaffolding.
‡ The original is in my possession.
A short time before I left France a person came to me from London with plans and drawings for an iron bridge of one arch over the river Thames at London, of 606 feet span, and sixty feet of height from the cord-line. The subject was then before a committee of the house of commons, but I knew not the proceedings thereon.
As this new construction of an arch for bridges, and the principles on which it is founded, originated in America, as the documents I have produced sufficiently prove, and is becoming an object of importance to the world, and to no part of it more than our own, on account of its numerous rivers, and as no experiment has been made in America to bring it into practice, further than on the models I have executed myself, and at my own expence, I beg leave to submit a proposal to Congress on the subject, which is,
To erect an experiment rib of about 400 feet span, to be the segment of a circle of at least 1000 feet diameter, and to let it remain exposed to public view, that the method of constructing such arches may be generally known.
It is an advantage peculiar to the construction of iron bridges, that the success of an arch of given extent and height, can be ascertained without being at the expence of building the bridge; which is, by the method I propose, that of erecting an experiment rib on the ground where advantage can be taken of two hills for abutments.
I began in this manner with the rib of 90 feet span, and five feet of height, being a segment of a circle of 410 feet diameter. The undertakers of the Sunderland bridge began in the same manner. They contracted with the iron founders for a single rib, and finding it to answer, had five more manufactured like it, and erected into a bridge consisting of five ribs, the experiment rib being one. But the Sunderland bridge does not carry the principle much further into practice than had been done by the rib of 90 feet span & five feet in height, being, as before said, a segment of a circle of 410 feet diameter. The Sunderland bridge being 206 feet span and 34 feet of height, gives the diameter of the circle of which it is a segment, to be 443 feet, within a few inches, which is but a larger segment of a circle of 34 feet more diameter.
The construction of those bridges does not come within the line of any established practice of business. The stone architect can derive but little from the theory or practice of his art that enters into the construction of an iron bridge; and the iron founder, though he may be expert in moulding and calling the parts, when the model is given to him, would be at a loss to proportion them unless he was acquainted with all the lines and properties belonging to a circle.
If it should appear to Congress that the construction of iron bridges will be of utility to the country, and they should direct that an experiment to be made for that purpose, I will furnish the proportions for the several parts of the work, and give my attendance to superintend the erection of it freely.
But in any case, I have to request that this memoir may be put on the journals of Congress as an evidence hereafter, that this new construction of bridges originated in America.
THOMAS PAINE.
Federal City.
Jan. 3, 1803.
N. B. The two models mentioned in the memoir, will, I expect, arrive at Philadelphia by the next packet from the federal city, and will remain for some time in Mr. Peale's Museum.
‡ The original in French is in my possession.
From the Richmond Examiner.
On the advantages which the American People would derive from the extensive establishment of Refined Manufactures.
No. I.
Preliminary Observations.
Before I enter upon the discussion of this very important subject, it will be proper, briefly to examine certain theoretical principles, which, in consequence of being supported by the reasonings of the celebrated author of Wealth of Nations , have obtained the authority and currency of first principles, an authority and currency to which they are not, as I conceive, by their intrinsic evidence, entitled. Adam Smith contends that the improvement & cultivation of land is the most useful and productive mode in which human labour can be employed, that no country is ripe for the establishment of refined manufactures.

until all its lands are completely cultivated and improved, that until they are an agricultural nation ought to employ its industry in increasing the supply of raw materials and provision, and procure from other nations the manufactured states of the medium of commerce, refined and expensive manufactures. If by the terms productive labour, be understood exclusively the production of human food, it will be admitted that the labour which is devoted to the improvement and cultivation, is not only more productive than labour employed in any other way, but that it is the only employment of labour to which the epithet productive can be applied, and that every other employment of human labour is not only unproductive but positively destructive, inasmuch as in no other way, if we except pasturage, hunting and fishing, can the labourer reproduce the subsistence he consumes. But if we annex to the terms productive labour a more liberal and enlarged acceptation, if we regard every employment of human industry as productive which affords happiness, and that employment as most productive which affords the most extensive and extensive means of happiness, then we may justly consider the industry of the manufacturer, the merchant, the artist and the navigator, not only as equally, but as far more productive than that of the cultivator of land. In order to establish the superior productiveness of agricultural labour it has been said, that nature co-operates with the cultivator, that her grandest and most powerful agencies, the principles of vegetation, the elements and seasons spontaneously and powerfully second his operations and multiply an hundred fold the fruits of his labour; that in art, manufactures and commerce on the contrary, nature refuses to co-operate; all the operations incident to these employments are performed by man. It would be difficult to find even amongst the vain subtleties of the schoolmen, a more frivolous, unfounded and unphilosophical distinction than this. Do not all the other qualities and energies of matter depend upon the principles of nature as immutably and necessarily, and beyond the operations of man as spontaneously and powerfully, as those of vegetation? Are not muscular strength and mechanic force, the dexterity of art and the efficiency of tools, the power of engines and the means of invention, essentially dependent upon the principles of nature and as powerful agents for the advancement of human happiness, as the genial influences that ripen the fruits of the earth? It is alike degrading to nature and to the dignity of man, the noblest work of nature, to consider agriculture as the only employment in which her laws co-operate with human industry, or that employment of human labour as most productive, which furnishes the means merely of satisfying our animal wants and multiplying the number of animals. The exclusive application of the term productive to agricultural labour, will appear more palpably improper, if we recollect that the productiveness of the species of industry depends essentially upon the cheapness and perfection of the implements of husbandry, by means of which the efforts of the cultivator are greatly facilitated and simplified; and secondly upon the number, variety and extent of the markets, in which the raw materials and superfluous provisions in the hands of proprietors and cultivators of land may be exchanged for manufactures, and lastly upon chemical discoveries and inventions relative to the nature of soil and the influence of light, heat, moisture, electricity, &c. on the principles of vegetation. The second position, that no country is ripe for the establishment of manufactures, until all its lands are completely cultivated and improved, is not less questionable. There are many circumstances that ought obviously to limit and modify the practical application of this principle. If the country on which an agricultural nation depends for a supply of manufactures be distant, their price will not only be considerably enhanced by the expence of transportation, but the supply also will be fluctuating and uncertain; if the manufacturing country depends for provisions and raw materials not upon one but upon many countries, the expence of transporting the rude produce over a vast extent of land and water, (which in the case of articles so ponderous and bulky must necessarily bear a very considerable proportion to their prime cost) will fall exclusively upon the producers, and their exchangeable value will be still further depreciated by the uniform competition of other agricultural nations in foreign markets, and the occasional glut of those markets in consequence of favorable seasons. If, farther any one country in consequence of the superior perfection and variety of its manufactures, or in consequence of their exclusive temporary monopoly of particular fabrics, should be able to vend their manufactures in foreign markets at a very extravagant price, if their price should be enhanced by accumulated taxes and profits, which although successively advanced by the
dealers, must be ultimately paid by the consumers; if these manufactures, instead of being adapted to the wants of man and calculated to promote the comfort, accommodation and happiness of society, have been, for the greater part, invented for the purpose of gratifying vanity, ostentation and pride, of distinguishing one order of men from another, the despot from his subject, the master from the servant, this circumstance whilst it will still farther enhance their price will render their importation and consumption a powerful means of corrupting the simplicity of agricultural manners and the purity of republican principles; and will introduce and diffuse a despicable attachment to expense, ostentation, sensual refinement and parade. The evils to be apprehended from this source will probably appear most alarming to those who have reflected most impartially and profoundly on the causes of national immortality and degeneracy; and will be proportioned to the love of ostentation and expensive luxury that may happen to prevail in consequence of pre-established habits, of frequent and extensive intercourse with corrupt societies, and of the establishment of combinations and orders addicted to luxury and expence. The existence of any, and much more of all these circumstances, would render it expedient for an agricultural nation to establish refined manufactures long before their lands were completely cultivated and improved. A third principle which has obtained general currency is, that manufacturers and mechanics are necessarily a more ignorant dependant and degraded class than the cultivators of land, that they exercise a species of industry less intelligent and more precarious; that they are more liable to be duped, corrupted and dragooned for the purposes of ambition and oppression. This may be true in regard to the mechanics and manufacturers of Europe, altho' it will probably be found that the serfs and tenants of the territorial monopolists, are as stupid, debilitated and venal as the breathless serfs that ply the shuttle, the hammer and the forge; that stupidity and debilitation are entailed as extensively and permanently upon the cultivator of the soil by the establishment of territorial monopoly, as upon mechanics and manufacturers by corporation laws and statutes of apprenticeship, or upon the commercial class by exclusive companies, dependent colonies and mercantile privileges. From an accurate analysis it will probably appear, that, as monopoly and oppression on the part of the king, where the necessary and universal causes of the debilitation, venality and ignorance of the many, so freedom would become the cause, equally necessary and universal, of intelligence, independence and probity. In a country where the cardinal rights of person, property and reputation are firmly secured, where every individual is free to adopt whatever employment he prefers, and to abandon it whenever he thinks proper, and is compelled to surrender only such a proportion of the fruits of his industry, as may be necessary to secure to him the complete possession and free use of the remainder, every citizen, however employed, will be able to obtain a fair proportion of the necessaries and comforts of life, the means of intellectual improvement, will feel the dignity of a freeman, and the spirit of industry.
CENSOR.
MEDICINE, SURGERY, &c.
The Sixth Volume of the "MEDICAL REPOSITORY, and Review of American Publications in Medicine, Surgery, and the Auxiliary Branches of Science," conducted by Drs. MIREN and MILLER, has just issued from the press of Messrs. T. and J. SWARDS, in New-York. The following preface contains an account of the work, which will be read with interest by the Medical Profession, and by all who regard the progress of science in the United States.
Having now completed the sixth volume of the Medical Repository, we think it expedient to incorporate this and the preceding five into a distinct whole; and here to close the present course of the work; in order afterwards to proceed with a new series of volumes of the same number, and conducted on a similar plan.
The set of six volumes, which is intended to form an entire work, independent of what shall follow, is denominated the first Hexade; a term which the classical reader will instantly perceive is designed to express a series of six, as the analogous and more familiar term Decade is used to signify a series of ten. The unyieldingness of a larger set of volumes, and the desire of accommodating new subscribers, have chiefly induced us to adopt this plan, which we hope will be acceptable to our readers. By thus reverting to the point of beginning, we will likewise, periodically, to renew the spirit and alacrity of those exertions which instituted the work, as well as to
afford an opportunity for such as did not originally assist us by their communications, now to contribute their share of correspondence and aid.
It will be unnecessary to direct the reader's attention to the benefits which have resulted to Medicine, as well as to all other sciences, from the adoption of periodical publications. They are now so far multiplied, in every part of the learned world, as to form a considerable portion of the means by which knowledge is diffused through all grades of society, and brought within the reach of every enquirer. They present the best means of concentrating into a focus the labors and observations of all who devote themselves to science. They conduct not only to extend the circulation, but also to augment the number and excellence of medical communications. Substantial discoveries and improvements may generally be exhibited in a few words, and ought always to be made known in that simple, cheap, and expeditious manner, which belongs alone to periodical publications. Voluminous and systematic works the benefits of oral instruction and individual correspondence, are often inaccessible to persons who are ardent in the pursuit of knowledge; but of the source we here recommend all may participate who feel a disposition to enquire. The prevalence of this kind of publications, marks an era in the history of the human mind. To cultivate or neglect them may well be considered, at present, as a test of the progress or torpor of society. Their influence on the scientific body may be compared to that of the arteries in the animal body, which carry nourishment, warmth and life, to the most distant parts. Or, rather they may be described, perhaps, with more propriety, as the great conductors by which knowledge is transmitted with electric velocity, through the civilized world.
The advantages of periodical publications in Medicine and Surgery, and all the auxiliary branches of Science, were never so conspicuous and universally acknowledged as at the present moment. Since the commencement of this work, a revolution in the mode of conveying medical instruction to the public has taken place in most parts of Europe, and more especially in Great-Britain. Monthly journals, initiated on liberal principles, and possessing a circulation of unprecedented extent, collect with avidity whatever can promote the progress of medicine, and then diffuse it every succeeding period, to the most distant regions of the earth. The number and reputation of such publications on this subject in Europe, now surpass all former examples, and are incessantly pouring forth a stream of actual practical information, which, in value and copiousness, has been hitherto unknown in the annals of science.
The institution of this work was originally undertaken as an experiment on the condition of society and the progress of science in the United States. We were fully aware of the labour, difficulty, and discouragement which await such attempts, of the fate of former publications in this country, and of the uncertainty of success in this untitled field of enterprise. For that public spirit which has constantly assisted our exertions we then could only form our wishes; of the reality of its existence we entertained no doubt.
On a retrospect of the six years employed in completing this first Hexade of our work, it is with equal pride and pleasure that we survey the mals of communications which has enabled us to render the publication acceptable to our country. Such a number of contributions to medical and physical science as our correspondents have enabled us to exhibit on the pages of the Repository, is without parallel in American literature. They have been presented by persons in the United States who are among the most distinguished for science, liberality and public spirit. We shall hazard no rashness of affection by declaring, that a large proportion of them would do honour to the oldest countries, and are alone sufficient to demonstrate the futility of many of the reproaches which are still so frequently thrown on the American character. For this amount of communications, equally unexpected and flattering, we beg leave, in this public manner to return our thanks. Let the physicians of the United States behold what may and has been done by the aid of their liberal encouragement and co-operation. Let them learn that every country abundantly possesses the materials of similar undertakings, which only require collection and arrangement. And let them likewise learn, that a great many of their communications to the Medical Repository, which, perhaps, were written chiefly as the amusement of an hour at leisure, after traversing in that vehicle the ample territory of the United States, have been republished in European journals, and through the medium of various languages, have been circulated throughout the learned world.
In the choice of such papers as correspondents submit to our disposal, we are uniformly inclined to prefer those which are founded on facts and experience, and are practical and useful rather than speculative. We will always to
bear in mind the fallacy of hypothesis, and the durableness of observations founded on truth and nature. Conformably to this, it appears, on a retrospect of six volumes, that the practical papers bear a large proportion to the rest of the work. The period at which our editorial labours began, and during which they have been continued, must be confessed to be singularly interesting in the history of American epidemics. Pestilential diseases , formerly so rare in this country as to have been almost forgotten, have become lately so frequent and fatal as to spread universal alarm. Our correspondents, justly considering this as the most prominent object, have bestowed upon it a principal part of their attention. More than ninety essays or papers concerning the history and phenomena of pestilential epidemics, or collateral relating to that subject, are found on our pages. Besides these, a variety of other diseases are particularly treated of, in a manner which reflects credit on the learning and talents of the respective authors.
Natural History , which in this young country presents to many aspects of novelty and interest, has not escaped the contributions to this work. The naturalists will not, indeed, find so great a number of communications on this subject as might be wished, or as the state of our country might readily supply. When it is recollected that an immense proportion of our territory has never yet been explored by a zoologist, botanist or mineralogist, there will appear every inducement duly to appreciate the few observations we have received, and as far as possible, hereafter to add to their number.
Nor have our correspondents been inactive to the interesting province of Chemistry , which is allied to so many other sciences, the parent of a multitude of the arts, is incessantly extending its dominion, and may be asserted to comprehend among its objects every substance on the globe. Many of these communications we have received in every part of the world where letters are cultivated.
Our miscellaneous communications, dispersed through the six volumes, and which cannot distinctly be referred to any one head, are numerous and respectable. Many of these enter deeply into the science of the human frame, and generally of the animal economy; an inquiry which is rapidly rising to the distinction it deserves, and must soon be considered as one of the most interesting pursuits of the human mind.
As to those parts of the work, for which the Editors themselves are more immediately responsible, we shall take the liberty to detain the reader only with a few remarks.
In the department of Reviews we have undertaken an arduous task, which nothing but the importance of its relations and consequences could have induced us to hazard. An account of upwards of one hundred and thirty publications, in the course of the work, has been laid before the public. Among many other advantages of the Review, we hope it will be found to preserve the remembrance of some small and fugitive performances of merit, which hereafter may in great curiosity, and which otherwise, in the lapse of time, might be liable to be lost and forgotten. It has been our practice, in general, to offer an analysis of the work under examination, and more particularly to exhibit such parts as included any discovery, improvements, or other substantial merits which are thought worthy of special attention. Nor have we forbore, generally to submit our judgement of the character, tendency and utility of these performances; being persuaded that a review, unaccompanied by such declaration, is little entitled to the respect of the public. We are aware that this part of our duty is full of difficulties, and that, after our best exertions, we are often exposed to the charge of partiality and moroseness. It is not easy always to conciliate the minds of author and reader, as each may be unreasonable or unjust. But the opinions of a reviewer are merely the opinions of an individual; and the author who finds himself aggrieved, may make his defence before the same tribunal of public justice at which he was arraigned. On the points of controversy, which agitate the physicians of this and of other countries, we have not hesitated explicitly to deliver our opinions. And our opponents on these questions, whatever may be their other objections, will not accuse us of veracity or in decision.
Our departments of Medical and Scientific Intelligence is subdivided into a domestic and foreign head. Under the former it has been our aim to collect and arrange whatever of useful, instructive, or interesting matter our country presents to view, to state facts which appear to bear any important relations, and to place on record many things worthy of preservation, which though generally well known at present, are liable to be forgotten or distinctly recollected. Under the foreign head, we have endeavoured to exhibit, in a condensed point of view, the substance of all that vast mass of matter which is incessantly
issuing from European presses; careful selecting what is new, important, and applicable to the use of our country, from whatever is of an inferior character. In doing this, we are aided not only by an extensive correspondence with men of science in different parts of Europe, but also by a multitude of the periodical publications in that quarter of the world which we regularly receive, and from which our readers receive copious extracts are frequently taken.
On a review of the volumes which now complete our first Hexade, notices will be constantly found, more or less minute in proportion to their importance, of all the leading discoveries and improvements in medicine and the auxiliary sciences, which have occurred within the period in question. On this point alone, we might be contented to rest a great portion of the value of the work. Many physicians are remote from libraries, and even if access to them were easy, have no leisure for extensive reading. To such, the Medical Repository will faithfully announce every article of medical intelligence which deserves attention, and, at the same time, give an abstract of much of that new and interesting matter, which the modern traffic of book-making is too apt to scatter through a multitude of volumes. But it ought likewise to be duly impressed on our readers, that, while we consider a selection of the more important foreign intelligence, and other new matter, as constituting a very valuable part of our work, the number of original communications from correspondents in this country, and the quantity of American intelligence, not to be found in foreign journals, are, in our judgement, sufficient to form a solid and independent interest on the Medical Repository.
To prevent misapprehension, it will not be improper to observe, that we are moved by no iterative considerations in the conducting of this work. The Editors have hitherto derived no emolument from it; and every prospect of that is at present so remote and uncertain, as to offer no encouragement of such expectations.
Being now about to undertake a second Hexade, we are determined to remit nothing of the diligence and zeal with which we have hitherto conducted the work. The first volume will be immediately begun and published as heretofore in quarterly numbers. We trust our correspondents, to whom we are already so greatly indebted, will continue to afford that assistance which has always served to lighten our labour, and to animate our exertions.
The subject of medical Biography has been too much neglected in the United States. Physicians certainly owe it to one another to commemorate the talents and virtues of all who distinguish themselves in a profession, so closely allied to the progress of general science, and to the best interests of humanity. It will constantly give us pleasure to be instrumental in recording the merits of such of our countrymen as have deserved well of the republic of medicine.
Our leading objects since the first establishment of this work uniformly have been, to form a centre of communication for the contributors to science in all parts of the United States; to rescue from oblivion the fruits of the experience and observation of our medical brethren, scattered over a widely extended territory; to allow men of talents from the inactivity which diffidence and retirement are too apt to impose, by soliciting their communications; to give early and authentic information of all such discoveries and improvements in any part of the civilized world, as fall within the limits assigned to our publication; to offer some small return to the learned nations of Europe, for the obligations we owe them as our original instructors and parents in science; and finally, to institute a national work, which may assist similar designs elsewhere in exciting the energies, developing the productions, and hastening the maturity of a young and rising empire. How far we have succeeded in these endeavors, is willingly submitted to the candor and justice of the public.
The Editors of newspapers in the United States, are respectfully requested to insert the above.
JUST COME TO HAND, AND FOR SALE AT RAPINE, CONRAD & CO's. BOOK STORE,
New Jersey Avenue, near the Capitol A Prospect of exterminating the Small-Pox, being a narrative of facts concerning the progress of the new inoculation in America; together with practical observations on the local appearance, symptoms, & mode of treating the King-Pox; including and letters to the author, from some distinguished characters—By Benjamin Waterhouse, M.D. professor of the theory and practice of medicine in the University of Cambridge—Price One Dollar.
R. C. & Co. have always on hand a good assortment of MEDICAL BOOKS, which they will sell at very moderate prices. April 4. M & T 6t

WASHINGTON CITY.
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 29.
An attempt is made in some late federal prints to impair the character of the National Intelligencer as an impartial print...
With regard to D. Baker's letter, it was refused insertion in the National Intelligencer. It was left by a gentleman for examination...
With regard to Mr. Semmes's defence, it was offered during the session of Congress, when there was a great press of political matter...
It has been with some degree of reluctance that these circumstances have been stated by the Editor in relation to the above points...
By a statement in the Alexandria Exposition it appears, that the flour inspected in Alexandria between the 1st of January, and the 1st of April, amounted to 69,022 whole barrels, and 2,581 half barrels.
The following is the inspection for George Town—
Table with 2 columns: Month, Quantity. Rows: January (3,322), February (3,509), March (9,048), April (6,338), May (8,426), Total (30,628).
NEW-YORK, June 26.
From Port Republican.
Capt. Burbank, of the brig Lovely Lats, has communicated the following intelligence;—That he failed from Port Republican on the 7th inst.
Three American Schooners (whale fishermen) belonging to Nantucket, one of which was commanded by capt. David Folger, have been taken by the French national Schooner Telegraph, off Aux Cayes...
Releigh, June 20.
The arguments of counsel in our court of conference were closed on Wednesday morning last. After which the
judges met in private to make up their opinions, and have since adjourned.
The federal circuit court for this district, commenced its session on Wednesday, when chief justice Marshall delivered a very neat & appropriate charge to the grand jury...
On Saturday morning, the causes on the civil docket were suspended, for the trial of Abraham Champion, on a charge of having pulled forged and counterfeit Bank Notes...
The case was so plain, that the court did not think it necessary to charge the jury, who, after an absence of about a quarter of an hour, returned a verdict of Guilty.
He was sentenced to two years imprisonment in Hultsborough jail, and to pay a fine of five dollars, it appearing that he was possessed of no visible property.
John Bristow, a member of the Board of Trade, lately died at Calcutta, worth two millions of pounds sterling. Bristow's death will occasion a great revolution in East-India patronage...
WARM BATHING.
[The following observations, on the Salubrity of Warm bathing, are extracted from an essay of count Rumford.]
"Had I any hopes of being able, by any thing I could say, to prevail on the inhabitants of this island [England] to adopt more generally a practice which to many nations have considered as a most rational luxury...
"If a perfectly free circulation of the blood, brought on and kept up for a certain time, without any violent muscular exertion, and consequently without any expence of strength, be conducive to health...
"Among those nations where warm bathing has been most generally practiced, and where the effects of it have of course been best known, no doubts have ever been entertained of its being very beneficial to health...
"It was by accident I was led, about two years ago, to consider this subject with that attention which it appears to me to deserve...
"The waters of Harrowgate, in Yorkshire, having been recommended to me by my physician, I went there in the month of July 1800, and remained there two months.
"At first, I went into the bath at about 10 o'clock in the evening, and remained in it from 10 to 15 minutes; and immediately on coming out of it, went to bed, my bed having been well warmed...
"Having pursued this method some time, and finding myself frequently feverish and restless after bathing, I accidentally, in conversation, mentioned the circumstance to an intelligent gentleman...
year. He advised me to change my hour of bathing; and to stay longer in the bath; and, above all, to avoid going into a warmed bed on coming out of it.
"The good effects produced by this change of method were too striking not to be remarked, and remembered. I was no longer troubled with any of those feverish heats after bathing, which I experienced before...
"I regularly found that I had a better appetite for my dinner on those days when I bathed, than on those when I did not bathe...
"As these favourable results appeared to be quite regular and constant, I was induced to proceed to a more decisive experiment.
"This experiment was thought to be very hazardous, by many persons at Harrowgate, and even by the physician, who did not much approve of my proceedings...
"The salutary effects of this experiment were perfectly evident to all those who were present and saw the progress of it, and the advantages I received from it have been permanent.
PARLIAMENTARY COMPLIMENTS.
Mr. Pitt, (afterwards Earl of Chatham) in a debate with Lord Holland, took occasion, with great alacrity, to say, that nature had painted in his countenance the signs of a black and treacherous soul...
Would wish to engage in some healthy Country situation.
A person who has practiced teaching an English School fifteen years, and can produce Certificates expressing the approbation of those parents who have favoured him with the tuition of their Children...
NANCY—A SONG. BY ROBERT BLOOMFIELD. YOU ask me, dear Nancy, what makes me preclude...
ATTENTION. THE members of the Washington Troop of Horse, will meet on Saturday evening next, at 5 o'clock, on the ground North of the President's House...
The highest price in Cash will be given for a quantity of HOLLOWAY BLANKS and BLACK EYED PEAS.
20 Dollars Reward. RUNAWAY on the 21st inst. from the subscriber, residing in the borough of Lancaster, (Penn.) a bound Negro Servant named BILLY JONES...
TAKE NOTICE. I WILL sell five hundred and fifty acres of Land whereon I live, in Fairfax county, within five miles of the court house...
FOR SALE, For a term of 5 years, A LIKELY young and healthy NEGRO MAN, about 28 years of age for sale by— ROBERT M'LEAN.
Prince George's County, Upper Marlboro', April 13, 1803.
At a stated meeting of a number of republican citizens of the said county to consider of measures proper to be pursued, preparatory to the ensuing election...
That it is the sense of this meeting that Stephen Wells, Esq. be the candidate to represent this county in the state legislature...
It is recommended that there be a committee appointed as soon as possible, by the republicans in each district in this county...
The first meeting of the general committee to be the last Monday in June. Resolved, That the proceedings of this meeting be published in the National Intelligencer.
THE subscriber offers for sale the following thoroughbred Mares, VIZ. Lady Bolingbroke and her three Colts; Lady Bolingbroke was got by the imported horse Pantaloon.
WANTED, One or two Boys to learn the BOOT and SHOE-MAKING Business, apply to JOHN CROOKSHANK.
RAPINE, CONRAD & Co. BOOKSELLERS & STATIONERS, New Jersey Avenue, near the Capitol, HAVE JUST RECEIVED AND FOR SALE, Washington's Reports of cases argued and determined in the court of appeals of Virginia.
Also, A GENERAL ASSORTMENT of Books in every branch of Literature and Science, and a constant supply of the Stationery—all which they will sell at their usual moderate prices.

PROPOSALS
FOR CARRYING THE Mails of the United States, On the following Post Roads, Will be received at the GENERAL POST- OFFICE in WASHINGTON CITY, until the 1st day of July next, (1803) inclusive.
IN PENNSYLVANIA.
104. From Philadelphia by Jenkin- town, Doylestown, Plumstead, Easton, Hellers, Soulestown and Prescott's Mill to Wilkesbarre, once a week. Leave Philadelphia every Wednesday and Sat- urday at 4 A. M. arrive at Jenkintown by 8 A. M. at Plumstead by noon, and at Easton by 8 P. M. Leave Easton on Thursday at 10 A. M. and arrive at Wilkesbarre on Friday by 6 P. M. Re- turning —Leave Wilkesbarre every Saturday at 8 P. M. and arrive at Easton on Sunday by 8 P. M. Leave Easton every Monday and Tuesday at 5 A. M. and ar- rive at Philadelphia by 8 P. M.  106. From Wilkesbarre by Pittston, Tunkannock, Beaintin, Wykasing, Ahlyun and Sheshequin to Athens once a week.—Leave Wilkesbarre every Mon- day at 6 A. M. and arrive at Athens on Wednesday by 6 P. M. Leave Athens every Thursday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Wilkesbarre on Saturday by 4 P. M.  106. From Jenkintown by the Crook'd Billet, Warminster Cross Roads, Buckingham, Amwell, Corry's Ferry and Ringos to Flemington once a week.— Leave Jenkintown every Thursday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Flemington by 5 P. M. Leave Flemington every Friday at 5 A. M. and arrive at Jenkintown by 3 P. M.
May 1st to November 1st.
Leave Philadelphia every Wednesday and Saturday at 4 P. M. and arrive at Bethlehem by 8 P. M. Leave Bethle- hem every Monday and Wednesday at 4 A. M. and arrive at Philadelphia by 8 P. M.
November 1st to May 1st.
Leave Bethlehem every Monday at 5 A. M. and arrive at Philadelphia on Tues- day by 11 A. M. Leave Philadelphia on Friday at 5 A. M. and arrive at Bethle- hem on Saturday by 11 A. M.  108. From Philadelphia by German- town, Norristown, Trapp, Pottsgrove, Reading, Hamburg and Sunbury to Northumberland once a week.—Leave Philadelphia every Tuesday at 4 A. M. and arrive at Reading on Wednesday by 6 P. M. Leave Reading on Thursday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Northumberland on Friday by 3 P. M. Returning —Leave Northumberland every Saturday at 5 A. M. and arrive at Reading on Sunday by 6 P. M. Leave Reading on Monday by 4 A. M. and arrive at Philadelphia on Tuesday by 8 A. M.
109. From Northumberland by Mil- ton and Muncy to Williamsport once a week.—Leave Williamsport every Friday at 6 A. M. and arrive at North- umberland by 6 P. M. Leave Northumber- land every Saturday at 9 A. M. and arrive at Williamsport by 9 P. M.
110. From Northumberland by Lew- isburg, Aaronsburg, Milesburg and Belle- font to Center Furnace once a week.— Leave Northumberland every Saturday at 9 A. M. and arrive at Center Furnace on Monday by 3 A. M. Returning — Leave Center Furnace every Monday at 10 A. M. and arrive at Northumberland on Tuesday by 6 P. M.
111. From Downingtown by West Chester, Kennett Square and New Lon- don Cross Roads to the Brick Meeting house in Maryland once a week.—Leave the Brick Meeting house every Tuesday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Downingtown by 6 P. M. Leave Downingtown every Wednesday at 6 A. M. and arrive at the Brick Meeting house by 6 P. M.
112. From Philadelphia by Down- ingtown to Lancaster once a week.— Leave Philadelphia every Monday, Wed- nesday and Saturday at 4 A. M. and arrive at Lancaster by 5 P. M. Returning — Leave Lancaster every Monday, Thurs- day and Saturday at 4 A. M. and arrive at Philadelphia by 4 P. M.
113. From Lancaster by Reamstown, Adamstown, Coopersburg, Allentown, Bethlehem, Nazareth, Hellers and Stroudsburg to Milford once a week.— Leave Lancaster every Wednesday at 1 P. M. and arrive at Milford on Saturday by 5 P. M. Leave Milford on Saturday by 9 P. M. and arrive at Lancaster the next Wednesday by 10 A. M.
114. From Lancaster by Middletown and Elizabethtown to Harrisburg once a week.—Leave Lancaster every Tues- day at 6 A. M. and arrive at Harrisburg by 6 P. M. Leave Harrisburg every Thurs- day at 6 A. M. and arrive at Lancaster by 6 P. M.
115. From Reading by Womelsdorf, Lebanon and Harrisburg to Carlisle once a week.—Leave Reading every Thurs- day at 6 A. M. and arrive at Carlisle on Friday by 3 P. M. Leave Carlisle every Saturday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Reading on Sunday by 6 P. M.
116. From Harrisburg by Halifax, Sunbury, Northumberland, Danville, Catatwilla, Berwick, Salem and Pymouth to Wilkesbarre, and from thence by
Hanover, Newport, Salem, Berwick, Danville, and the same route to Harris- burg once a week.—Leave Harrisburg every Wednesday at 1 P. M. and arrive at Wilkesbarre on Saturday by 4 P. M. Leave Wilkesbarre every Saturday at 10 P. M. and arrive at Harrisburg the next Wednesday by 10 A. M.
117. From Lebanon to Jonestown once a week.—Leave Lebanon every Friday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Jonest- own by 3 P. M. Leave Jonestown at 10 A. M. and arrive at Lebanon by noon.  118. From Harrisburg by Clarks Ferry, Millerstown, Thompsontown, Mif- flintown, Lewistown, Bellefonte, Hun- tingdon and Culbertson's Mills to A- lexandria once a week.—Leave Harris- burg every Wednesday at 2 P. M. and arrive at Alexandria on Saturday by 2 P. M. Leave Alexandria every Monday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Harrisburg on Wednesday by 10 A. M.
119. From Lancaster by Columbia, York, Carlisle and Shippensburg to Chambersburg twice a week.—Leave Lancaster every Sunday and Thursday at 4 A. M. and arrive at York by 11 A. M. Leave York at 1 P. M. and arrive at Car- lisle on Monday and Friday by 8 A. M. Leave Carlisle at half past 8 A. M. and arrive at Chambersburg by 6 P. M. Re- turning —Leave Chambersburg every Tuesday and Saturday at 4 A. M. and ar- rive at Carlisle by 4 P. M. Leave Car- lisle at half past 4 P. M. and arrive at York on Sunday and Wednesday by noon. Leave York at 1 P. M. and ar- rive at Lancaster by 7 P. M.
120. From Lancaster by the Sowerby horse, Black horse, Unicorn, Rising Sun and Brick Meeting house to Elkton in Maryland once a week.—Leave Elkton every Monday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Lancaster by 6 P. M. Leave Lancaster every Tuesday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Elkton by 6 P. M.
121. From Lancaster by Strasburg, Gap tavern, Cochran's tavern, Chatham and New Garden to Newport in Dela- ware once a week.—Leave Newport every Monday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Lancaster on Tuesday by 8 A. M. Leave Lancaster every Tuesday at 11 A. M. and arrive at Newport on Wednesday by noon.  122. From York by Abbottstown, Gettysburg, Fairfield and Emmitsburg to Hagerstown, once a week. Leave York every Sunday at 1 P. M. and arrive at Hagerstown on Tuesday by 7 A. M. Returning —Leave Hagerstown every Tuesday at 9 A. M. and arrive at Gettys- burg by 9 P. M. and at York the next Sun- day by 10 A. M.
123. From Somerset by Connells- ville, Union and New Geneva to Mor- gantown, once a week. Leave Somer- set every Wednesday at 6 A. M. and ar- rive at Morgantown on Friday by 10 A. M. Leave Morgantown every Friday at 1 P. M. and arrive at Somerset on Sat- urday by 7 P. M.
124. From Pittsburg by Franklin, Meadville and Le Beuf to Presque Isle, once a week. Leave Pittsburg every Saturday at 10 P. M. and arrive at Presque Isle on Wednesday by 10 A. M. Leave Presque Isle every Wednesday at 2 P. M. and arrive at Pittsburg on Saturday by 5 A. M.
125. From Pittsburg by Beavertown, Georgetown, Canfield, Youngstown and the Salt Springs to Warren in Ohio, once a week. Leave Pittsburg every Wednesday noon, and arrive at Warren on Saturday by noon. Returning — Leave Warren every Saturday at 8 P. M. and arrive at Pittsburg on Wednesday by 8 A. M.
126. From Washington by Brown- sville to Union, once a week. Leave Union every Friday at 6 A. M. and ar- rive at Washington by 4 P. M. Leave Washington every Saturday at 5 A. M. and arrive at Union by 6 P. M.
127. From Washington to Waynes- boro, once a week. Leave Washington every Monday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Waynesboro by 1 P. M. Leave Waynes- boro every Monday at 4 P. M. and ar- rive at Washington on Tuesday by noon.
128. From York by Shrewsbury and the Blackhorse to Baltimore once a week.—Leave York every Tuesday noon and arrive at Baltimore on Wednesday by 7 P. M. Leave Baltimore every Fri- day at 6 A. M. and arrive at York on Saturday by noon.
129. From Baltimore, Md. by Rei- ferstown, Winchester, Union Mills, Petersburg and Gettysburg, Pa. to Cham- bersburg once a week.—Leave Baltimore every Saturday at 5 A. M. and arrive at Chambersburg on Sunday by 6 P. M. Re- turning —Leave Chambersburg every Tuesday at 5 A. M. and arrive at Baltimore on Wed- nesday by 6 P. M.
130. From Baltimore by Reisterstown, Hanover, Abottstown, Berlin, War- rington, and Mannanah to Carlisle once a week.—Leave Baltimore every Sat- urday at 5 A. M. and arrive at Carlisle on Sunday by 7 P. M. Leave Carlisle every Tuesday at 5 A. M. and arrive at Baltimore on Wednesday by 7 P. M.
131. From Shippensburg to Strasburg once a week.—Leave Shippensburg every Tuesday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Stras- burg by 8 A. M. Leave Strasburg at 10 A. M. and arrive at Shippensburg by noon.
132. From Bristol to Burlington 6 times a week.—Leave Bristol every day Sunday excepted at 4 P. M. and arrive at Burlington by 4 1/2 P. M. Leave
Burlington at 6 P. M. and arrive at Bristol by 7 P. M.
IN OHIO. 133. From Steubenville by Brookfield to West Liberty in Virginia once a week.—Leave West Liberty every Sat- urday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Steuben- ville by 11 A. M. Leave Steubenville every Saturday at 1 P. M. and arrive at West Liberty by 7 P. M.
134. From Zanesville to Marietta once in two weeks.—Leave Zanesville every other Thursday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Marietta on Friday by 6 P. M. Leave Marietta every other Tuesday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Zanesville by 6 P. M.
135. From Marietta by Middletown to Chillicothe once a week.—Leave Marietta every Tuesday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Chillicothe on Thursday by 6 P. M. Leave Chillicothe every Saturday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Marietta on Monday by 6 P. M.
136. From Brown's roads by New Market, Williamsburg and Columbia to Cincinnati once a week.—Leave Brown's roads every Saturday at 2 P. M. and arrive at Cincinnati on Monday by 4 P. M. Leave Cincinnati every Tuesday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Brown's roads on Wednesday by 6 P. M.
137. From Cincinnati by Hamilton, Franklin, Dayton, Staunton, Lower Piquetown, Lorrimore, Old Fort on St. Mary's, Ottawastown, Ft. Defiance, Fort Miami and Raisin River to Detroit, once in two weeks.—Leave Cincinnati every other Tuesday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Detroit the next Monday week by 4 P. M. Returning —Leave Detroit every other Tuesday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Cincinnati the next Monday week by 4 P. M.
IN KENTUCKY. 138. From Lexington by Winchester, Montgomery C. h. and Fleming C. h. to Washington once a week.—Leave Lex- ington every Wednesday at 8 A. M. and arrive at Washington on Friday by noon. Leave Washington every Friday at 3 P. M. and arrive at Lexington on Tuesday by 7 P. M.
139. From Frankfort by Georgetown, Cynthiana, Pendleton C. h. and Campbell C. h. to Cincinnati once a week.—Leave Frankfort every Friday at 2 P. M. and arrive at Cincinnati once a week.—Leave Frankfort every Friday at 2 P. M. and arrive at Cincinnati on Monday by 3 P. M. Leave Cincinnati every Tuesday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Frankfort on Friday by 10 A. M.
140. From Frankfort by Shelbyville, Louisville and Shepherdsville to Beau- rdstown once a week.—Leave Frankfort every Tuesday at 9 A. M. and arrive at Shelbyville by 2 P. M. Leave Shelbyville in half an hour, and arrive at Louisville on Wednesday by 3 P. M. Leave Louis- ville on Thursday at 6 P. M. and arrive at Beardsstown on Friday by 11 A. M. Re- turning —Leave Beardsstown every Friday by 1 P. M. and arrive at Louisville on Saturday by 6 P. M. Leave Louisville on Sunday at noon, and arrive at Shel- byville on Monday by 11 A. M. Leave Shelbyville at noon, and arrive at Louisville by 6 P. M.
141. From Shelbyville by Middleburg, Beardsstown, Bealfour, and Harden C. h. to Brackenridge C. h. once a week.— Leave Shelbyville every Tuesday at 3 P. M. and arrive at Brackenridge C. h. on Friday by 11 A. M. Leave Brackenridge C. h. Friday at 1 P. M. and arrive at Shelbyville on Monday by 11 A. M.
142. From Brackenridge C. h. by Hartford, Ruffelsville, and Springfield to Nashville T. once a week.—Leave Brackenridge C. h. every Friday at 2 P. M. and arrive at Nashville on Monday by 6 P. M. Leave Nashville every Tues- day at 5 A. M. and arrive at Brackenridge C. h. on Friday by 10 A. M.
143. From Hartford by Henderson- ton, Harpfield, Eddysville, Eddysville, and Smithland to Fort Massac, once in two weeks.—Leave Hartford every other Saturday at noon and arrive at Fort Massac the next Thursday by 10 A. M. Returning —Leave Fort Massac same day at 2 P. M. and arrive at Hartford the next Tuesday by noon.
144. From Hartford by Vienna to Muhlenburg C. h. once in two weeks.— Leave Hartford every other Saturday at noon and arrive at Muhlenburg C. h. on Sunday by 6 P. M. Returning —Leave Muhlenburg C. h. every other Monday at 8 A. M. and arrive at Hartford on Tuesday at 1 P. M.
145. From Ruffelsville by Davisburg, Christian C. h. and Eddy Grove to Eddysville, once in two weeks.—Leave Ruffelsville every other Monday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Eddysville on Tuesday by 6 P. M. Leave Eddysville every other Wednesday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Ruffelsville on Thursday by 6 P. M.
146. From Ruffelsville by Bowling- Green and Glasgow to Green C. h. once in two weeks.—Leave Ruffelsville every other Monday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Green C. h. on Wednesday by 10 A. M. Leave Green C. h. every other Wednesday at 2 P. M. and arrive at Ruffelsville on Fri- day by 6 P. M.
147. From Frankfort by Harrodsburg, Danville, Lancaster, Stanford and Pflug- laskie C. h. to Wayne C. h. once a week.—Leave Frankfort every Friday at 3 P. M. and arrive at Wayne C. h. the next Monday by 10 A. M. Leave Wayne C. h. every Tuesday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Frankfort on Friday by 10 A. M.
148. From Danville by Springfield to Beardsstown once a week.—Leave Danville every Monday at 6 A. M. and ar- rive at Beardsstown by 6 P. M. Leave Beardsstown every Tuesday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Danville by 6 P. M.
INDIANA TERRITORY. 149. From Louisville to Vincennes once a week.—Leave Louisville every Thursday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Vin- cennes on Saturday by 4 P. M. Leave Vincennes on Sunday by 6 A. M. and arrive at Louisville on Tuesday by 6 P. M.
150. From Vincennes by Kaskaskia, St. Philips and Prairies du Rochers to Cahokia once in two weeks.—Leave Vincennes every other Sunday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Cahokia the next Saturday by 6 P. M. Leave Cahokia every other Sunday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Vin- cennes the next Saturday by 6 P. M.
LEHIGH NAVIGATION LOTTERY. SECOND CLASS.
Five thousand dollars the highest prize!
THIS Lottery will positively commence drawing at the city of Philadelphia, on the first Monday of September next.
The prizes will be paid thirty days after its conclusion, of which public notice will be given. Such as are not demanded within twelve months shall be considered as re- linquished for the benefit of the Navigation.
The Managers depend principally upon the proceeds of this Lottery for finishing the Navigation of the Lehigh. This will open an intercourse by water to Philadelphia of a- bove four hundred miles, including only twelve and an half miles portage near its con- junction with the Susquehanna at Wilkes- barre, thereby forming a new source of trade, af- fording a plentiful supply of coal, lumber, &c. the advantages of which will be immense; and an easy conveyance to the owners of lands and farms in the vicinity by which they can send their produce to market.
Tickets may now be had at five dollars of George Taylor, jun. No. 67, } William Blackburn, 117, } Chestnut Edward Stow, 73, } Street. James Glensworth, 34, }
March 15, 1803.     SCHEME. Doll.     1 Price of 5000 dos. viz. } Cash 3000 is 5000   20 shares stock 2000 } 2000   1 two thousand dollars 2000   1 one thousand dollars 1000   6 five hundred dollars 3000   6 three hundred dollars 1800   6 two hundred dollars 1200   35 one hundred dollars 3500   20 fifty dollars 1000   75 twenty dollars 1500   1800 six dollars 10800   18 drawn number on the eighth day 600   18 do. twentieth 600   18 do. thirtieth 1000   18 do. fortieth 1000   18 do. fiftieth 1000   18 do. last day 1000   35,000    1938 prizes, 5004 blanks, 7000 tickets, at five dollars each, is 35,000 The prizes subject to a deduction of fifteen per centum. 2300
SPRING GOODS.
JOHN COX, HAS just received an elegant and extensive assortment of Fashionable Spring Goods, which he is now selling at very reduced prices.
Also, A quantity of Spinning Cotton in bags. Georgetown, June 1. 6w.
All persons having claims or demands of any nature against the subscriber, are requested to exhibit their accounts, with- out delay, to JOHN HEWITT or RICHARD FORRESTER, Esqrs. of the city of Washing- ton, who are authorised, in my name, to ad- just and settle the same; and all persons in- debted to me are requested to make payment to either of the gentlemen above named. SAMUEL BLODGET. March 30. tf
THOMAS CARPENTER, TAYLOR.
HAS just received by recent arrivals at Philadelphia, from England, and the East Indies, a handsome assortment of SPRING and SUMMER GOODS, of the best quality, also Patent water proof Cloth's and Cashmere's, superior NAVY BLUE and other colours; hand- some NAVY & FASHIONABLE BUTTONS, &c. Gentlemen of ARMY, NAVY and FASHION served with expedition and taste. New Jersey Avenue, seventh house from Capitol Square and Pennsylvania Avenue near the President's square. April 13 1803. tf
The subscriber has for sale,
A QUANTITY OF     Claret in bottles, Jamaica Spirits,   Anchovies in boxes, Whisky in barrels,   Capers in ditto, New-England cheese,   Olives in ditto, Imperial Tea in chests,   Olive Oil in ditto, Butter in Firkins,   Sugar in hds. & bks &c. &c.    WILLIAM BRENT. Washington, May 11. tf
NOTICE.
MR. SAMUEL SPEAK IS appointed, by the Legionary Court of the first Legion of the Militia, to collect the FINES incurred by the members thereof— commencing at the company meetings, held in November last. W. D. BEALL, Adjutant. June 17. 3w
CHARLES VARDEN, TAYLOR, FROM PHILADELPHIA.
HAS received from Philadelphia an ele- gant assortment of the best quality Super- fine Cloths, Cashmeres, silk floratine, Black and fancy silk moleskin velvet, white & figured Marcelas, Swandowns, Toilettettes, Velve- teens, fancy cords, Coating, &c. With a variety of other articles suitable for the winter season.
N. B. Ladies Habits, Regimentals and Navy uniforms made in the first style of fashion. New Jersey Avenue, the second House from the Capitol Square. December 8, 1802. tf
FIRST LEGION.
ATTENTION!
AT a Legionary Court of Enquiry, held on the 13th day of March last, in obedience to a law passed at the last session of Congress, intituled, "An act more effectual to provide for the organization of the Militia of the District of Columbia," ordered that the fol- lowing be the Uniform to be worn by all non-commissioned officers and privates be- longing to the battalion companies of the first Legion while on duty, viz. A DARK BLUE COAT of ordinary length, WHITE VEST, WHITE BRECHES and WHITE STOCK- INGS, or WHITE PANTALOONS and WHITE STOCKINGS, or WHITE OVER- ALLS, with SHOES and ROUND BLACK HAT: which Uniform having been approved by the Brigadier General, is now published by order of the said court. WM. D. BEALL, Clerk of L. C. S.
Sec. 27. And be it further enacted, That all non-commissioned officers and privates, belonging to battalion companies, shall appear while on duty, uniformly clothed, the color and fashion of which uniforms to be deter- mined on for the respective Legions, by the first Legionary courts of enquiry which shall be held, and to be approved of by the Bri- gadier General; provided the expense of the same, additional to that of usual, ordinary, and cheap clothing, does not exceed five dol- lars for each person, and every such non-com- missioned officer, or drummer, or fifer, or private, appearing at any muster held after three months from the time that such uniform shall have been determined on, and the order relative thereto shall have been published, in some newspaper within the legionary district, and not wearing the same, shall be fined five dollars for each offence, unless he can make it appear to the satisfaction of the court of enquiry of the battalion to which he may belong, that he was unable to equip him- self.
Boarding & Day Schools.
PRESIDENT'S SQUARE. J. GARDINER instructs Youth in Arith- metic, Book-Keeping, Writing, and English Grammar. Mrs. GARDINER teaches Needle Work, Tambouring, &c. Young Ladies who desire to do so, can divide their time betwixt the two schools. Boys from the country accommodated with Board and Lodging on reasonable terms. June 1. 2mo
Lots for sale.
IN eligible situations, and upon very ad- vantageous terms—A plan of the several figures in which they are contained may be seen and terms thereof by applying to, ROBERT W. PEACOCK. Attorney at law and conveyancer. tf
FIVE DOLLARS REWARD,
FOR delivering to the Subscriber a negro boy, Edmund, who was a few days ago sent with a letter to a gentleman in the city and has not since returned. RICHARD FRAZER. Washington June 27, 1803. Gtp.
Two Hundred Dollars Reward.
RUN AWAY, in the spring of last year, from this place, a young fellow, the property of the subscriber, named JOHN, some times called JOHN-ON, and calling himself at times JOHN HILL, at other time JOHN HOWE. He is about 5 feet 3 inches high, 23 years old, of a dull copper colour, being the son of a mulatto and negro—his features are generally ugly—his eyes remarkably large and prominent—he is civil in his manners and plausible in conversation; he reads and per-