The national intelligencer and Washington advertiser. (Washington City [D.C.]), 1803-07-01 00:00:00

NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER,
AND WASHINGTON ADVERTISER.
VOL. III.
WASHINGTON CITY, PRINTED BY SAMUEL HARRISON SMITH, PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE.
No. CCCCXX.
FIVE DOLLS. PER ANN.
FRIDAY, JULY 14, 1803.
PAID IN ADVANCE.
FOR THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER.
FEATURES OF FEDERALISM
(Continued)
MR. SMITH,
Our understandings have long been insinuated by an attempt of the Federalists to make us believe, that they are the exclusive advocates for the reward of revolutionary services. They have affected to shed tears of gratitude for the bounties of freedom and independence, conferred upon them by the toils and sufferings of the soldier and patriot; upon whose wounds they have also affected to "pour wine and oil," and whose distresses they have pretended humanely to alleviate by the charitable contributions of official emolument. To heighten the benevolence of their character, the conduct of the republicans has been exhibited as a contrast to their own. Every parasite of royalty, every promoter of aristocracy and ecclesiastical establishments, though they never believed or have deserted the principles of our political freedom, are clamorous against the present administration, for a fancied persecution of the friends and soldiers of the revolution. Here, they say, is a veteran worn out with age and infirmity, deprived of an office on account of his political sentiments; there another, who has lost his arm, and sacrificed his last farthing for the salvation of his country, cruelly robbed of the bread, which we benevolently put into his mouth to prevent him from starving, because he would not believe in the new philosophy . Such they assert, are the fruits of republicanism, the trophies of democratical patriotism and gratitude. But it is impossible for the enemies of government to draw so thick a veil over their past conduct as to prevent the eyes of the people from discovering its duplicity. The history of the funding system ought forever to close their mouths in silence.
If democracy "have slain its thousands," federalism has "slain its tens of thousands." Admitting even, what is not true, that the republicans have been guilty of the charges alleged against them by the enemies of government and the lovers of royalty, what comparison will the conduct of the former bear, to the predatory havoc committed by their accusers upon the property of the soldier earned by his blood in the defence of our country? Did they manifest their gratitude for revolutionary services, when, for a long time, they deferred taking any definitive measures for the security of public credit, because they wished to give their minions and associates an opportunity of defrauding the soldier out of his certificates? Did they show that they regarded the principles of justice and humanity, when they refused to make a discrimination between the speculator and the original holder of these certificates, by refunding to the former, with a liberal addition, the price which he had actually given, and securing the residue to the latter in complete payment of his services? Then the claims of the veteran upon the equity and compassion of his country were made the sport of speculation and avarice; now, for the purpose of eluding the people, and defaming the administration, they are represented as worthy of all the honors and attention of government. Then, that they might gain proselytes to the doctrine of governmental energy and aristocracy, the calls of justice and humanity in favour of those who had risked their lives for our independence, were unheard; now, that they may regain their power, they weep, like the crocodile, over the inhuman sacrifice of the soldier upon the bloody altar of democratical benevolence . But the finding system would not have answered the purpose of its projectors had it, at first, been openly and unequivocally declared that the soldier should reap the full reward of his services; or had a discrimination been made between the speculator and the original holder of the certificates. In either case the wish to establish a monied aristocracy would have been defeated. There would have been too many proprietors of the public funds; too many nobles to have made mobility respectable. Though the captain and the corporal, the general and the private, would, in proportion to their pay, have felt the beneficence of government, the interest of each would have been so small that he might still judge impartially of the delinquents and measures of its administration. The plan therefore of suspending a decision upon the question of securing the public faith, and ultimately rejecting a discrimination between the holder and the original proprietor of the certificates, was adopted as the only means of establishing and perpetuating a body of men,
who would be led, by their interest and avarice, to support measures and men, hostile to the liberties and rights of their fellow citizens.
CURIUS.
From the Richmond Examiner.
On the advantages which the American People would derive from the extensive establishment of Refined Manufactures.
No. II.
Preliminary Observations.
By refined manufactures, I understand any of the products or fabrics of human industry, of which the raw material are, difficult to be procured, or expensive in its preparation and production, and which, before it can be fitted for use and consumption, must undergo a variety of complex, elaborate and ingenious operations. Refined manufactures, thus defined, may be commodiously distributed into all the more expensive and elegant articles of dress, furniture and building, all tools, machines and engines for aiding and abridging human labour; and, lastly, into the instruments and apparatus invented for executing the more ingenious operations of art, and facilitating the progress of philosophical experiment and analysis. The practicability of establishing refined manufactures in this country will be admitted, if we recollect, that in consequence of the variety of our soils, climates and productions, almost every sort of raw material may be procured here with greater facility and at less expense than in any other country upon earth, that in every other country, the forests, the quarries and the mines have been drained and exhausted by the prodigious multitude and uninterrupted succession of civilized and populous nations, and by the operation of those tremendous agents of destruction, war, conflagration and luxury; that the manufacturing nations of Europe draw great part of their raw materials, as well as of their means of subsistence, from this country; that all the tools, machines, engines, and mechanical processes, invented in other countries, or in former ages, may be introduced and employed here; that foreign mechanics and artists may be induced to emigrate to this country by the prospect of an immediate and secure participation of its physical and political advantages; that notwithstanding the existing impediments to emigration, many of which might be removed by the adoption of a more large, equitable and generous policy, multitudes are continually emigrating, and bring with them not only their knowledge, dexterity and skill, but their capital; that several sorts of refined manufactures are already extensively established and have arrived at considerable improvement in several states; and that in consequence of the enormous and constantly increasing price of foreign manufactures, they are likely to extend and flourish with unexampled rapidity. It may be objected, that as all the more refined manufactures are the products of human labour and art, their exchangeable value must necessarily rise and fall with the wages of labour; that in this country the wages of labour are, and must for a succession of ages continue to be higher than in the manufacturing states of Europe; that consequently the American manufacturer must always be underbid, not only in foreign markets, but even in the home market, by foreign manufacturers; that even when European artists emigrate to this country they are speedily induced by the superior profits and attractions of agriculture to abandon their original employments, and consequently, that it would be equally impracticable to effect, and impolitic to attempt at present, the extensive establishment of refined manufactures in this country. In answer to these objections it may be observed, that the price of the more refined manufactures does not depend exclusively on the wages of labour, that to far as human labour is superadded altogether by machines, wages enter not at all into their price, and to far as human labour is aided and rendered more productive, they enter proportionably less into their price; that the cheapness and abundance of raw materials, combined with the lightness and judicious selection of taxes, the exemption from the expense of transportation, and from duties, both upon exportation and importation, would more than counterbalance any advantages which the foreign manufacturer can derive from the low rate of wages; that in the eastern states, in consequence of the fullness of population, the wages of labour are considerably reduced; that
the encreasing surplus of population must either emigrate to less populous states, or engage in manufactures and commerce, and that part of this surplus population and capital could not be more usefully and productively employed than in establishing refined manufactures. The practicability of establishing refined manufactures will appear still more clearly, if we consider with some attention the causes that will successively combine to favour their establishment and prosperity. First, the extensive demand throughout the civilized world for refined manufactures, will render it politic and necessary for every agricultural nation, and for such especially, as are most widely removed from manufacturing and mercantile states, to employ part of their industry and capital in establishing refined manufactures. Unless nations thus circumstanced established refined manufactures, they must become in some measure dependant upon the countries from which they procure manufactures, for the essential means of comfort, happiness and improvement, must sustain all the inconveniencies of an uncertain and precarious supply, and at the same time, remain exposed to inevitable and unlimited enhancements of price, and thus devote the immense surplus of their opulence to redeem the debts, pay the taxes, and support the extortions of foreign monopolists and oppressors, which might be employed in establishing better manufactures, on cheaper terms at home. Secondly, the progress of political revolution and reform in the manufacturing states, by subverting territorial monopoly, will enable mechanics, manufacturers and merchants to become proprietors and cultivators of land, and by diminishing the quantity of capital and industry employed in preparing manufactures for distant sale and extending foreign trade, will oblige agricultural nations to establish manufactures. Thirdly, as the establishment of free governments and the abolition of oppressive monopolies and regulations obviously tend to equalise the advantages and disadvantages incident to the various employments of industry and capital, agriculture, manufactures and commerce will necessarily attract, absorb and employ their proper proportions of wealth and labour; merchants, manufacturers and cultivators, every class and every individual of every class, will obtain the independence, respectability and emolument to which their utility and services entitle them.
CENSOR.
No. III.
Having endeavoured to show that the extensive establishment of refined manufactures in the United States may be expected to take place at no very distant time, and to explain the principal causes that will successively combine to facilitate their establishment, I will proceed to point out some of the advantages that seem likely to result from their introduction. One obvious and inestimable advantage would be, a more judicious employment of leisure, and a greater refinement of manners. The opulence and leisure which are now dissipated in brutal sensuality, in idle, phantastical and barbarous pallimes, would be devoted to the encouragement and practice of ingenious arts, the development and application of useful science, and the production of substantial happiness. Refined manufactures are obviously and essentially connected with the fine arts, with taste, with literature, with all the various branches of experimental and abstract philosophy. A perception of the value, a sensibility to the beauty of literary and scientific refinement, would be awakened and nationalized; the study of chemistry, mathematics, mechanics, and the various branches of physical science would be cultivated, would constitute part of the system of general education, the subjects of general conversation, the objects of general curiosity. The most superficial observer must perceive, that in a society like ours, where the means of subsistence and sensual gratification are abundant and easy to be procured, there must exist a general and prevailing propensity to indolence, gross and disgraceful sensuality, and barbarous pallimes; a propensity which cannot be eradicated or counteracted, but by causes energetic in their principle and extensive in their agency. The general introduction of a rational and philosophical plan of juvenile instruction; an extensive combination and regular succession of intrepid, enlightened and magnanimous instructors, furnished by local contribution , with the necessary instruments and sources of scientific improvement; societies spontaneously formed for the purpose of collecting
libraries, discussing important subjects, and encouraging every innovation, project and effort calculated to induce individuals to employ their opulence, talents and leisure in useful and liberal pursuits; presses established by large and patriotic citizens for the purpose of dispersing extensively impartial statements of important facts, interesting narratives of public transactions, perspicuous explanations of fundamental principles, and above all, by the introduction of employments and pursuits connected with moral refinement and science, which by listening themselves on the private interests of individuals, may propagate more readily and extensively a conviction of the value of intellectual improvement. Nothing as I conceive would have this tendency more certainly and powerfully than the extensive establishment of refined manufactures. It may be objected, that the establishment of refined manufactures would have a tendency to corrupt the simplicity of republican manners, and by necessary consequence, the purity of republican principles, would cause the opulent to emulate each other in splendour and expence; would revive and nourish passions of all others the most fatal to liberty, morality and happiness, as I have been abundantly shown by the uniform testimony of history, and destiny of nations; that the extensive establishment of refined manufactures, necessarily proposes a vast subdivision of labour; that the subdivision of labour, by subjecting multitudes of men to sedentary occupations, and to a monotonous routine of simple and mechanical operations, subjects them at the same time, to profound ignorance, to worse than brutal apathy, to excruciating disease, to premature decay and untimely death; that a general, inevitable and progressive degeneracy, both physical and moral, unlimited disorder, and by necessary consequence, arbitrary power must be expected to close the catastrophe of this tremendous drama. If this objection be well founded, nothing more would be necessary to render the introduction of refined manufactures the object of universal reprobation and horror. If the consequences I have delineated must indeed be expected to result from the establishment of refined manufactures, the man who should propose to encourage their establishment, and at the same time render its proposition plausible, must unite the malevolence of Moloch to the subtlety of Belial. But I conceive and will endeavour to show, that those who urge this objection are misled by that prolific source of political delusion, historical analogy, that they confound consequences connected in other countries and former ages by extraneous causes, with refined manufactures, with permanent and necessary effects; and that the condition and structure of society in this country, have provided ample means for the exclusion and counteraction of these extraneous causes.
CENSOR.
FROM THE AURORA.
Republican Triumph in Delaware.
MR. DUANE.
I have waited some time to see a faithful history of the proceedings against illegal voters in New-Castle county, published by some of the people of Delaware, but as nothing of that kind has yet appeared, and fearing they shall neglect it, or think their press might be subject to contempt, I will give you the outline as I obtained it there at their last court.
It seems when the federalists found themselves losing ground by the election of the republican governor in 1801, they made much ado about illegal votes, and threatened to set aside his election, but when they failed, they proceeded to pass a law punishing illegal voters, and the inspectors who should take such votes.
The republicans opposed the law as calculated to harrafs men by the trial, however clear; and proposed to give the people district elections, similar to the states of Maryland, Pennsylvania and Jersey, as it was impossible to conduct a county election where near 3000 votes are to be received in eight hours, with a sufficient degree of ease, and that district elections was a much more suitable security against illegal voting, than the proposed law: but this was rejected.
In the fall of 1802 the representative to Congress was elected and the parties again strained every nerve, and again the federalists were beaten, and their champion and idol Bayard cast down to a level with the people. To comfort themselves and friends, and to raise the drooping spirit of federalism, the whole fault was thrown on the illegal votes—
the aliens. The new come in Irish must be the persons who had worked all the ruin of their party, and as such were made the subject of execration by every federalist. Every federal paper in the union accounted for Mr. Bayard's fall in the same way. The county of New-Castle stood accused for calling out the great, the good Mr. Bayard.
To keep up appearances and have something to fix their charge more substantially: at the fall session the grand jury who were all federal, was charged emphatically to enquire into this subject, and they very good naturally employed two days extra, on the enquiry, or rather receiving returns from committeemen previously appointed by the judges and other leaders of the party, to collect information immediately after the election. The result however was that one hundred and sixty presentments were returned. One hundred and fifty seven for illegal voting—two inspectors for receiving such illegal votes, and one for changing a vote.
Thus stood this business from December till June last, when the fall session took up this important subject in the mean time the attorney general spread writs for such as he thought proper or had witnesses marked to them, and held them to bail. The court was uncommonly crowded to see and hear the events. Some of the arrested, and particularly the inspectors, requested the attorney general to take up their business immediately as the attending with witnesses, and the expence was intolerable. He however had the goodness to tell them in answer, he would take it up just when he pleased , and it pleased him to put it off until every case of assault and battery, fornication, tipling, larceny and other felonies were given a preference, to these honorable freemen . On the third day however, eight bills were sent up to the grand jury against six voters and two inspectors. The third inspector, that for changing a vote, was discharged for want of evidence; altho' the sheriff's officer had summoned two sets of witnesses—the rest of the voters in like manner were either discharged or continued. Witnesses had been summoned in every case where the grand jury had marked any, but that was not in more than one fifth of the cases; in plain truth they were presented without evidence or knowledge of guilt, and having no witnesses against them, none could be marked or summoned. Among those however summoned were several fathers to testify against their own sons, who came with their bibles into court, and when shown to the attorney general, to be direct evidence in favor of their sons, he had the goodness to dismiss them: but of all this list of 160, perhaps there was not ten for being Irish aliens. The second grand jury, however, like the first were federal, and as pliable tools as their predecessors, for every bill sent up came back a true bill .
Immediately after the bills being found application was made to the court to admit these cases to trial, as it was important to give the charged an opportunity to show their innocence. That some of these cases required trial, on purpose to settle points which were, and always had been matter of doubt, and besides that, it would be improper to keep subjects of this kind pending, until another term, which would not occur until after an election, where other cases might occur.
This favor, however, was refused—trials could not be obtained. At the close of the term, application was again made to dismiss the long list of presentments, where no evidence of guilt could be found to lend before the grand jury. This likewise was refused. On the other hand, such cases as were dismissed where suits had been instituted and a number of witnesses summoned on both sides—the attorney general with the visible approbation and agency of the court, employed all his ingenuity to get the persons charged (as a condition of discharge) to agree to pay the costs—but which was resisted with firmness, and the consequent expence on the public will be from 500 to 1000 dollars.
Thus stands, and thus will fill, this outrageous act of persecution—for of the eight bills found, it is believed not a case will be tried, or if tried found guilty, as their cases are known to be good. This piece of persecution, however, has had the happiest effect on the republicans of said county, who have heretofore been so ridiculously divided about sheriff candidates as to have always been saddled with a federal sheriff, though more than two for one in number, but which they are determined shall not take place again. They are now, I hear

animous in favour of an undeviating and spirited republicanism, who will it be expected furnish his friends with a grand jury, who will not only protect the innocent citizens from persecutions, but it is said will enable them to retaliate on their most violent persecutors (the old officers) who are charged with extortion, and involved themselves by a grand jury of friends or creatures, who would never take up the subject.
This base and miserable shift, of a falling wicked party, affords one of the greatest triumphs republicanism has received. The members of the court, the bar, the court officers, and the whole staff combined to find out objects for prosecution; and although it was known that the utmost care had taken place, yet no man doubted but numerous errors must have taken place in so much hurry and confusion as attends a county election—upon a thorough investigation of enemies, it turns out that not an error can be discovered—for as to the bills found, they are known to be good cases.
By continuing them over, however, they expect to intimidate the citizens, and silence the press within the state, until next election, by so doing, as has been a grievous transaction. Such at least is the information I have received—and the consequence is, as it ought to be—it has wound up the popular resentment to the utmost height—it has opened the eyes of many candid federalists, and will stamp the vile hypocritical inuendos of this wretched attempt with the lasting hatred of the discerning parts of their fellow-citizens. It is probable also, that the expense which the public has incurred, will produce distinct elections, which has always been wanted by the republicans, and refused by the federal party; and thus good will come forth out of evil.
A CITIZEN.
From the Richmond Examiner.
Mr. Gabriel Jones has given to the public, a statement of a pecuniary transaction, of about thirty years ago, between the President and himself, with commentaries of a angry complexion as to excite at once doubts in the mind of a candid reader that there must have been something more in the case than is there presented to his view. In truth, the history of the times is so necessary to the explanation of the money transactions of the day, that these cannot be understood without a recurrence to that; and with this recurrence alone, Mr. Jones's own facts will enable us to judge whether, like many others, he has not suffered his political antipathies to distort his estimate of character, whose honor, honesty and integrity proved to him in more dispassionate times, himself acknowledges to have inspired him with the highest confidence.
Mr. Jefferson on some emergency, borrowed fifty pounds of Mr. Jones, who was in the habit of lending money on interest, and gave his bond for payment. This Mr. Jones says, was in autumn 1773, consequently about the period of the destruction of the tea in Boston, which was followed by general Gages arrival there with an army, and by other events in rapid succession which brought on the revolution, and culminated in a great degree the ordinary intercourse of business. This state of things, and the known habit of Mr. Jones of leaving his money at interest in good hands, may furnish the reason why his fifty pounds in this instance were not repaid so soon as contemplated. All the hard money of the United States was suddenly exported to procure arms, ammunition and other necessaries for the times, and its place was supplied by emissions of paper money bottomed on the faith of the nation. Of this faith the whigs had no doubt, and the money maintained its ground at par for a considerable time. And even when successive emissions, aided by the efforts of the disaffected, had begun to make an impression on it, the whigs were still confident it would be redeemed dollar for dollar, and therefore continued to receive and pay it at par. In January and May 1779, Congress, by circular letters, encouraged their fellow citizens to maintain the credit of their paper; represented to them the false policy of "asking enormous prices for the produce of their farms, when a little reflection might convince them that it was injurious to their interests, and to the general welfare;" and affirmed that the whole emissions (which as late as September 3d, 1779, they stated at less than 160 millions) might "without public inconvenience or private distress, be cancelled by taxes in a period to limited as must leave the possessor of the bills satisfied with the security." Such was the whig sentiment as late as September 1779. The offer of Mr. Jefferson had been in April preceding. It was the only one he could offer, for a payment in hard money was then impossible. Mr. Jones, not choosing to receive it, lent it back to Mr. Jefferson, with his bond under a blank cover also; the inference from which was plainly that Mr. Jefferson was willing, as Mr. Jones seemed to be, to let the matter lie over till there should be hard money to pay it. But Mr. Jones finds ground of criminality even in the mode of conveying the letter.
Yet he well knows that no cross bills existed at that day, and that indirect conveyances could alone be resorted to. The imputation he raises on this is as unjustifiable as it would be to impute to him a receipt of the letter in due time, and a willingness now to deny it. That he received it late is probable, because he says so; and that the delay was accidental is much more probable than the absurd manoeuvre which his passions implicate to Mr. Jefferson.
To show further the public sense with respect to the revolutionary money, it may be noted that in the June following the date of this offer, Mr. Jefferson was chosen governor of Virginia, and continued till June 1801; during the whole of which time he received his salary at the rate of one thousand pounds a year of the same money, the rate at which it had been fixed by law before any emission of paper. The legislature therefore considered the money as equivalent to what it called itself, for two years after the transaction in question—it may be remembered that a letter of Mr. Jefferson's to the house of Farrel and Jones of England was published by their agent as an act of justice to him, from which it appeared that after this date he had received between 4 and 5,000 for lands sold in 1773, to pay the debt of his father-in-law, Mr. Wayles, to that house. This fact, and the lands sold, are known to many. They lie in the counties of Cumberland and Bedford.—In August 1780, Congress first had a table of depreciation established with reference to their new emission of forty for one; and in August 1781, they extended it to specie, as one to eleven; not as one to twenty, as Mr. Jones suggests. But this was neither known nor believed at the time, by persons well affected to the revolution. It was not till the close of 1781, or beginning of 1782, that the Virginia legislature formally acknowledged a depreciation by establishing a scale for it. Mr. Jefferson went to Europe immediately after the peace; and his agent is known to have declared that the full notions he left were, that this debt of Mr. Jones's, principal and interest, should be the very first paid as soon as hard money could be obtained.
On the whole if it was criminal in Mr. Jefferson to receive that kind of money on which the event of the revolution depended, and to support its credit, then let Mr. Jones arraign every whig in the Union at the bar of his country as a criminal. Few were more so, nor more to their own loss than Mr. Jefferson. If it was criminal for a whig to pay this money to those who like himself were willing to receive it, Mr. Jefferson excited that justice. He took back the money when refused; returned his obligation for the debt, and paid it with interest in hard money, so soon as hard money reappeared in circulation.
TIMOLEON.
Account of the process employed in making CHESHIRE CHEESE, from that County's Agricultural Report.
PREPARATION OF THE RENNET.
When the maw skin comes from the butcher, the chylous matter is taken out and the skin cleaned from flume and other apparent impurity, by wiping or gently washing. The skin is then filled full of salt, and placing a layer of salt upon the bottom of a mug, the skin is laid flat upon it: this mug is large enough to hold three skins in a course, each course of skins should be covered with salt, and when a sufficient number of skins are thus placed in the mug, that mug should be filled in with salt, and with a dish or plate over it, be put in a cool place, till the approach of the cheese making season the following year. The skins are then all taken out and laid for the brine to drain from them; and being spread upon a table they are powdered on each side with fine salt, and rolled smooth with a paste roller, which presses in the salt; after that, a thin split of wood is stuck across each of them to keep them extended while they are hung to dry. Take all the maw skins provided for the season, pickled and dried as before, put them into an open vessel or vessels, and for each skin pour in three pints of pure spring water. Let them stand twenty-four hours, then take out the skins and put them into other vessels; add for each, one pint of spring water; let them stand twenty-four hours as before. On taking the skins out the second time, gently stroke them down with the hand into the infusion. The skins are then done with. Mix those two infusions together, pass the liquor through a fine linen feive, and add to the whole a quantity of salt, rather more than sufficient to saturate the water, or so that a portion of it remains undissolved at the bottom of the vessel. The next day, and also the whole summer, the scum as it rises is to be taken clearly off; and as the liquor should not be suffered to remain without a portion of undissolved salt at the bottom, it will be necessary to add frequently fresh salt, as some part of it will generally form itself into chrysal and
be taken off with the rising scum.—Somewhat less than a wine half pint of the preparation will be necessary for 60lbs. of cheese. Whenever any of this liquid is taken out for use, the whole should be well stirred up.
Colouring for the Cheshire Cheese.
The colouring for cheese is, or at least should be, Spanish annotta; but as soon as colouring became general in this country, a colour of an adulterated kind was exposed for sale in almost every shop: the weight of a guinea and a half of real Spanish annotta is sufficient for a cheese of 60lbs. weight. If a considerable part of the cream of the night's milk be taken for butter, more colouring is requisite. The leaner the cheese is, the more colouring it requires. The manner of using annotta is, to tie up in a linen rag the quantity deemed sufficient, and put it into half a pint of warm water over night. This infusion is put into the tub in the morning with the rennet infusion; dipping the rag into the milk, and rubbing it against the palm of the hand as long as any colour comes out.
Setting the Cheese together.
It is, we believe, generally admitted, that not only the quantity, but the quality of the curd, viz. toughness or otherwise, depends in a great measure upon the length of time the cheese is in coming, and that the time again, depends on the quantity and strength of the coagulum used; the state of the atmosphere and heat of the milk when put together. In this stage of the art, where a degree of accurate certainty seems to be required, there is no other guide than the hand and external feelings: the thermometer of a Cheshire dairy-woman is constantly at her finger's ends: accordingly, the heat of the milk when let, is endeavored to be regulated by the supposed warmth of the room and the heat of external air; having reference also to the quantity and strength of the sheep, so that the milk may be the proper length of time in sufficiently coagulating, which is generally thought to be about an hour and a half. The evening's milk, of supposed twenty cows, having stood all the night in the cooler and brass pans, the cheese-maker in the summer, about 6 o'clock in the morning, carefully skins the cream, observing first to take off all the froth and bubble, which may amount to about a pint; this not being thought proper to be put into the cheese, goes into the cream-jug for butter; and the rest of the cream is put into a brass pan. While the dairy-woman is thus employed, the servants milk the cows, having previously lighted a fire under the furnace, which is half full of water. As soon as the night's milk is skimmed, it is all carried to the cheese tub, except about three-fourths of a brass pan full, viz. three or four gallons, which is immediately placed in the furnace of hot water in the pan, and is made scalding hot; then half of the milk thus heated in the pan is poured also in the cheese-tub, and the other half is poured to the cream, which, as before observed, is skimmed into another brass pan. By this means all the cream is liquified so as to form one uniform fluid, and in that state it is poured into the cheese-tub, into which have before been poured several bowls or vessels of new milk, or perhaps the whole of the morning's milk. Care is taken to skim off all the air-bubbles, which may have formed in pouring the new milk into the cheese-tub.
The rennet and colouring being put into the tub, the whole is well stirred together, a wooden cover is put on the tub, and over that a clean linen cloth. The usual time of coming is an hour and a half during which it must be frequently examined; if the cream rises to the surface, before the coming takes place, the whole must be well stirred up together, so as to mix again the milk and cream, and this as often as it rises, until the coagulation commences. If the milk has been accidentally put together cooler than was intended, and that is the cause of its not coming, hot water or milk may be poured into it; but this must be done before it is at all coagulated; for after it begins, though imperfectly, it must not be touched, as to break the forming curd, else the cream would go with the whey and the quantity of curd much lessened. When the cheese happens to come before the proper time, owing to too great a heat in the milk in setting or putting together, or two great a strength in the sheep, there is less curd, and it is considerably tougher than when the milk has been set cooler than usual. If all goes on well, in an hour and a half the coagulation is formed, which is known by gently pressing down the surface of the milk with the back of the hand.
Breaking down the Curd, gathering, &c.
If the milk has been let together very warm, the curd will be tough; in this case, a common knife is taken, and incisions are made across it, at the distance of about an inch, and again across ways in the same manner; the whey rising from these incisions, is a fine green colour. The cheese-maker and two assistants then proceed to break the curd; this is performed by putting their hands down into the tub, the cheese-maker
with the skimming dish in one hand breaking it as they catch, raising it from the bottom and still breaking it. It must be done during about forty minutes; the curd is then covered with a cloth and left to subside for about half an hour; if the curd was too tender the whey will be of a milky colour. The cheese-maker in this case, instead of the knife, takes the skimming dish, and dipping it gently an inch or two into the curd, until the whole surface is then turned; the breaking then proceeds as before, but with more caution than in the former case; and when finished it is covered and left to subside as before. After standing about half an hour, as much whey is taken out of the tub into the brass pans as may be without taking any of the curd with it. The bottom of the tub is now set rather a tilt, the curd is collected to the upper part of it, and a board is introduced of a semi-circular form to fit loosely one half of the tub's bottom. This board is placed on the curd and a 60lb. weight upon it, to press out the whey, which drawing to the lower side of the tilted tub, is taken out with a ladle into the brass pan. Such parts of the curd as are pressed from under the board are cut off with a knife, and placed under the weighted board and again pressed. This is repeated again and again, the whey being constantly laded out as it drains from the curd. The whole mass of the curd is then turned upside down, put on the other side of the tub, and pressed as before.
The board and weight being removed, the curd is cut into several pieces of about eight or nine inches square, piled upon each other and pressed with the board and weight, repeating the cutting and piling, as long as any whey drains from it.
After being pressed in the tub as long as any considerable quantity of whey drains from it, the curd is cut into nearly three equal portions, one of which is taken into a brass pan, and is there, by two women, broken exceedingly fine. As soon as it is coarsely broken, a large handful of salt is handed, which in the subsequent breaking is well mixed with the curd; that portion of curd being sufficiently broken, is put into a cheese-vat, which is placed to receive it on a cheese ladder over the cheese tub; the vat is generally furnished with a coarse cheese cloth; the second and third portion of curd are treated in the same manner and emptied into the vat. Sometimes five or six times the quantity of salt is added to the middle portion of the curd, salt all the other alike; half an hour is the longest time taken up by breaking.
Thrusting or hand pressing the cheese into the vat.
The curd, when put into the cheese-vat in its broken state, is heaped above the vat in a conical form, to prevent it from crumbling down; the four corners of the cheese cloth are turned over it; and three women, placing their hands against the conical part, gently but forcibly press it in nearly a horizontal direction constantly shifting their hands when any portion of the curd is starting from the mass, and turning down or folding up the cloth as occasion requires. As soon as the curd adheres together so as to permit it, a small square board with a corner of the cloth under it, is put on the conical part of the curd, with a 60lb. weight upon the board. Several iron skewers are at this time stuck in the cone, and also through holes in the side of the vat. Several use a wooden lever for the same purpose.
The employment of the women is now drawing out and putting in the skewers; thrusting and putting together what the weight or lever may derange of the curd. This operation is continued until the whey, which at first, runs freely, begins to drop only. The weight and skewers are then removed, and one takes up the corners of the cloth, while the others break the curd half way to the bottom of the vat, as small as they can. As soon as the upper half of the cheese is thus broken, a weight or other power is again applied to it, and managed as before, and the operation continued as long as those means can extract a drop of whey. Two of the women then take the four corners of the cloth, and the weight and skewers being removed, and the other woman lays hold of the vat which is drawn from the cheese, and after rinsing it in warm whey, and putting another clean cloth on the upper part of the cheese, it is returned inverted into the vat again, and being placed on the ladder over the tub, is broken half way through as before; thrusting, weighing and skewering, is repeated from two to four hours, or as long as a drop of whey can be extracted from the cheese.
Putting the Cheese into the Press.
The cheese is then turned into the vat and rinsed as before with warm whey. The cloth now made use of, is larger and finer than before, and is so laid out that on one side it shall be level with the edge of the vat, and on the other wrap up the whole surface of the cheese, and the edges put within the vat; thus perfectly inclosing the whole cheese in the cloth. The cheese being still higher than the edge of the vat, a
tin-binder or hoop, of about three inches broad is put round it, the lower edge of the binder pressing down within the vat, so low as that the upper edge of it may be level with the surface of the cheese. The cheese is then carried to the press; and a smooth strong board being placed over it, the press is gently laid down upon it: the usual power of it is about 14 or 1500lbs. weight.—As soon as the cheese is put into the press, it is well skewered; the skewers are of a strong iron wire 18 or 20 inches long, sharp at the point, and turned with a bow at the other end. The vat and tin-binder have holes to receive the skewers, especially the binder, which holes are seldom more than an inch from each other. As the press stands close to a wall, only one side of the cheese can be skewered at a time. The business of skewering continues till the next morning at 6 o'clock, and in that time, the oftener they are shifted, the better, the cheese is turned half way round the press, every second skewering, so as to be equally skewered. In half an hour from the time these is put under the press, it is taken out again and turned into the vat in another clean cloth; at this time the edges of the cheese are pared off, if necessary, the vat being wiped dry before the cheese is returned into it.
Some people let the cheese stand an hour or more in warm or hot whey, in order to harden its vat, before they return it to the press. At 6 o'clock in the evening, the cheese is again turned and put in a clean cloth. Some dairy-women prick it all over the upper surface, to prevent all blistering. At 6 o'clock in the morning, it is again turned into the vat with a clean cloth. The skewers are then laid aside; when the next day's cheese is ready for the press, the former one is again turned in the vat, with a clean cloth, and put under another press. At 6 o'clock in the evening and at 6 in the morning following, it is again turned in the vat, and at these two last turnings, a cloth finer than before, so as to leave very little impression of it on the coat of the cheese.
Salting the Cheese.
Four or five days after the cheese has been under the press, a fresh fine cloth is put under it, which serves only as a lining to the vat, and is not turned over the surface of the cheese, as was before. It is then placed nearly midship deep in the brine, in a salting tub, the upper surface of the cheese being covered with salt. It stands generally about three days in the salting tub; is turned daily, and each turning salted, the cloth being twice changed in the time. The cheese is then taken out of the vat, in lieu of which a wooden girth or hoop is made use of, nearly equal to the thickness of the cheese: in this it is placed in the salting benches, where it stands about eight days, being well salted all over, and turned each day. The cheese is then washed in luke warm water, and after being dried with a cloth, it is placed on the drying benches, where it remains about seven days: It is then washed in warm water, as before, with a brush, and wiped dry; after which, it is smeared with about two ounces of sweet whey butter, and then placed in the warmest place of the cheese room.
Cheese room.
During the first seven days, it is rubbed every day well over, and generally smeared with sweet whey butter; afterwards a circular space is left un-rubbed of four or five inches diameter in the centre of the cheese on each side, which, as long as it is afterwards kept, is, or should be, turned daily, and rubbed three times a week in summer, and twice in winter. In a warm room the coat will easily be prevented from rising. These cheese rooms are generally placed over the cow-houses, in order to obtain that necessary degree of warmth, which is so essential to the ripening of cheese—the best covering for a cheese-room is thatch. Before the cheese is brought into the room, it is generally well littered with what the farmers here call middles, though wheat straw is often made use of for that purpose, but the knots of it are apt to leave an impression upon the cheese. The afterneat of grass well dried, seems to be a good substitute for middles.
JUST COME TO HAND, AND FOR SALE AT RAPINE, CONRAD & CO'S. BOOK-STORE,
New-Jersey Avenue, near the Capitol A Prospect of exterminating the Small-Pox, being a narrative of facts concerning the progress of the new inoculation in America; together with practical observations on the local appearance, symptom, mode of treating the Small-Pox; including letters to the author, from some distinguished characters.—By Benjamin Waterhouse, M.D. professor of the theory and practice of medicine in the University of Cambridge—Price One Dollar.
R. C. & Co. have always on hand a good assortment of MEDICAL BOOKS, which they will sell at very moderate prices. April 4. M.F.G.

FRIDAY, JULY 1.
NOTICE.
The Rev. Mr. Richards is expected to preach in the Baptist Meeting House, in this city, next Sabbath morning at about 11 o'clock. An arrangement has been made by the Association for stated preaching there on the first Lord's day in each month of the year. Washington City, July 1st, 1803.
Among the donations lately made to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, we notice the following:
An analysis of a mineral substance from North America, containing a metal hitherto unknown, by Charles Hatchett, Esq. Presented by the Author.
The mineral substance analyzed by Mr. Hatchett was sent, with various specimens of iron ores, to Sir Hans Sloane, by the late professor Winthrop, of Cambridge. To the new metal, which it contains, Mr. Hatchett has given the name of Columbium . His researches into the properties of this metal, were much limited, he observes, by the smallness of the quantity, which he had to operate upon; but he indulges a hope that more of the ore may soon be procured from the "Massachusetts mines." The Academy, at their last meeting appointed a committee to attend to this subject, who are to ascertain the place, where the ore was found, and to procure further specimens.
Captain Von Bilaug, of the Swedish service, has invented a machine for swimming and floating on the water without the danger of drowning. As a reward for this discovery, his Swedish majesty has granted him a sum of 2000 rix dollars, and also an exclusive privilege for 25 years to execute and sell this swimming machine for his private emolument.
When Bonaparte was told that La Harpe had embraced Christianity in his last moments, "I hope (said he) that the embrace was mutual!"
FROM MARTINIQUE.
Accounts from this island, to the 20 May, mention, that a French frigate, five transports, and 3000 troops had arrived there from France; bringing orders for putting the island in a posture of defence:—That off Barbadoes an English frigate fired a gun, and brought to one of the French transports, and boarded her; in consequence of which the Governor of Martinique had dispatched a message to the Governor of Barbadoes, demanding the reason of this insult;—That the men of war at Martinique had been ordered home; and that Jerome Bonaparte, the younger brother of the first consul, had failed for France. [Salem Gaz.]
New-York, June 21.
We have accounts from Guadalupe, by Captain Hefseron of the brig Rambler, to the 5th of the present month. At that time a report was in circulation (brought by a vessel from Dominigue) that 13 sail of the line and 5 frigates with troops had arrived at Barbadoes. A French frigate of 32 guns had sailed a few days before from Guadalupe on a cruise. Captain Scott, of the Schooner Independence, now at Guadalupe, was boarded to the windward of the island by a British sloop of war, then cruising on that station. Two transports with troops had arrived at Batfettere. Business very dull; flour from 14 to 16 dollars per barrel, beef 12 1-2, pork no sale, fish low.
At Martinique and Batfettere great quantities of military stores had been received, and active preparations were making for war. An express lately reached Martinique from France with orders that all the line of battle ships stationed there should be sent without delay.
The French troops in the West India islands die in great numbers of the prevailing sickness.
A merchant in this city has received a letter from his correspondent at Cape Francois, per the brig Mount, under date of the 5th instant, from which the following is an extract:
"This day the price of Flour is thirty dollars a barrel. We have not six days supply in the place. Every other article of provision is plentiful. We hope in a few days to be supplied with a large quantity of Coffee from the brigands as it is currently reported an arrangement for that purpose has been made with them. On the first Messidor (June 19th) the duties on all vessels, will be as in 1789. In French vessels, imports free, exports 15 francs per 1000 cwt, on Coffee. American vessels pay little or no duty with provisions; but dry goods are prohibited. We have been fifteen days without an arrival from America."
We are much gratified in being able to state from a respectable source, that there is now the strongest probability the long projected Bridge across the Delaware, will soon be carried into effect.
Mr. Timothy Palmer, (the celebrated New-England bridge-builder,) has lately, under the direction of the commissioners appointed by law to receive subscriptions, explored the river at the falls, ascertained the fittest site, and presented an estimate of the cost, which after making large allowances for contingencies, does not exceed 80,000 dollars. Phil. paper.
Pedestrian use of Balloons.
We have been amused, fatigued, and disappointed by the promises, the adventures, the narratives, and the contentions of persons who have lately soared into the air at the tail of a balloon. But the Pedestrian use of balloons remains yet untried in Great Britain. On the Continent it has been ingeniously proposed; for every cubic inch of the contents of a balloon, the weight of a person bearing it on his head is rendered one ounce lighter. A balloon may be easily carried on the head, which shall take full 50lbs. from the weight of a person walking. It is fixed by straps to a leather belt. These straps pass through a wooden support, by which the balloon rests on the head. Over the whole balloon is a net work, which preserves it firm in its position, and in its connection with the wooden support. The leather belt passes round the waist. From it hang two bottles, in which are the materials for a supply of inflammable gas, to be put into the balloon by a cock when any part escapes of that with which it is filled. The walker is furnished also with two oars, covered at one end with taffety, to assist his progress. The fabric of the balloon is of gummed taffety.
How much more an object of curiosity would the late Mr. Powell or Mr. Fletcher, in his late walk in Yorkshire; have been, with a balloon on his head, than in the plain way in which he walked!
It is reported that the First Consul's journey to Brussels has a double object; to inspect the new Provinces united to France, and to give a pretext to a considerable assemblage of troops in the parts nearest to the coast of England; that the English Minister saw into the snare, and it was that which produced the Message of the King of Great Britain to his Parliament. (Lon. Pap.)
From the New York American Citizen.
NEW-YORK ELECTION.
The editor has been at some pains to collect the materials of the following statement of the result of the late election in this state, and of the present comparative number of the two parties in the legislature. We all know, and an immense majority of the people rejoice, that republicanism is triumphant; but an exhibit, showing at one view their relative strength, has not before been published.
The one below, although not official with regard to the Assembly of the state, is correct. Our election-law, as to the return of votes for members of Assembly, is defective. The votes for Senators are communicated, by the clerks of the respective counties, to the Comptroller and Treasurer of the state who are by law appointed to canvass and publish a correct statement of them. Would it not be well to add to the election-law, in respect to the Assembly votes, a provision similar to the one by virtue of which those of the Senate are thus returned and published? At present the returns of votes for members of Assembly are made to the clerks of the respective counties in whose offices, in some instances, they remain unpublished to the citizens at large. From the offices of the county-clerks they ought to be transmitted to the heads of departments and by them published. In this way the votes of the state would be drawn to a focus, whence a correct statement of those of the respective counties and of the whole, might be promulgated for the information of the citizens at large.
For want of this system the votes of the counties of Otsego, Cayuga, and Chenango, have not, that we know of, been published. We have examined in vain a file of the Albany Register for a statement of them, where, and where alone, if not in the Citizen, we might expect to find one.
The amendment suggested would, in our opinion, be an acceptable and valuable one. It would enable us to ascertain, annually, the progress or decline of the two parties. It would present facts of no small moment and furnish data for ingenious speculation. The difficulties hinted at prevents, in most cases, our annexing to the names of the members of the Assembly, the majorities by which they respectively prevailed; and as this could not be done in all, it is thought best not to attempt it in any. It is however confidently asserted that the Republican majority of the state is at least 20,000.
RELATIVE MEMBERS OF THE TWO PARTIES.
In the years 1798 and 1799 the federal had a majority in both houses; in the Senate it was very large.
SENATE. Table with 3 columns: Year, Rep., Fed. Rows for 1800, 1801, 1802.
ASSEMBLY. Table with 3 columns: Year, Rep., Fed. Rows for 1800, 1801, 1802.
1803. SENATE. Table with 3 columns: Districts, Rep., Fed. Rows for Southern, Middle, Eastern, Western.
ASSEMBLY. Table with 3 columns: Counties, Rep., Fed. Rows for New-York, Richmond, Suffolk, Queens, etc.
Republican majority, 681! This statement supercedes the necessity of remark—Federalism is emphatically in the "last ditch" in this important, and, within a few years back, mighty federal state. It may admit of a doubt whether it is even desirable to see the federal party in a state of profounder humiliation.
The above is a happy illustration of Hamilton's "federal chain" that was to "encircle the Union!"
† No federal opposition in this county. * Wholly federal last year. † Last year one was federal.
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, to wit:
BE it remembered, that on the ninth day of November, eighteen hundred and two, in the twenty-seventh year of the Independence of the United States of America, SAMUEL HARRISON SMITH of the said district, hath deposited in this office, the Title of a Book, the right whereof he claims as Proprietor, in the words following, to wit: "HISTORY OF THE LAST SESSION OF CONGRESS, which commenced on the seventh of December, 1801—taken from the National Intelligencer,"—in conformity to the act of the Congress of the United States, entitled "An act for the encouragement of learning by securing the copies of Maps, Charts, and Books to the Authors and Proprietors of such copies during the times therein mentioned."
In Testimony Whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name, and affixed the Seal of my office the thirteenth day of November, Anno Domini one thousand eight hundred and two.
URIAS FORRESTER Clerk Of the Circuit Court of the District of Columbia, for the County of Washington.
WAS committed to the Jail of Baltimore county, as a runaway, on the 19th inst. a negro man named JACOB, who is about 23 years of age, 5 feet 9 inches high, stout & well made; has a scar under his right cheek, about an inch long; has on a short green coat with red cape, blue weltscoat, Russia sheering trousers, and osnaburg shirt, mixed grey worsted stockings, and half woolen flannels and wool hat. He says he belongs to Mr. Robert Hodgson, of the state of Georgia. If the owner of said negro does not release him, he will be sold for his goal fees according to law.
JAMES WILSON Sheriff.
April 21.
[Republished by direction of the Mayor]
(By Authority.)
AN ACT
Requiring annual Licences to be taken out by Pedlars and Ordinary keepers; and for the keeping of Carriages and Billiard Tables.
BE it enacted by the First and Second Chambers of the City Council of Washington, That after the first day of July next, licences, to remain in force for one year from their respective dates, and to be annually thereafter renewed, shall be taken out for the following objects, for which the annexed sums shall be paid by the person obtaining the same, to wit:
For carrying goods, wares and merchandise, for sale, from place to place, by persons usually denominated pedlars, sixteen dollars.
For keeping an ordinary, sixteen dollars.
For retaining wine and spirituous liquors in quantities not less than a pint, ten dollars.
For every coach, whether driven with a box, or by postillion, fifteen dollars.
For every chariot, post chariot, and post chaise, twelve dollars.
For every phaeton for the conveyance of one or more persons, with or without a top, and for every coach or other carriage, having pannel work, with blinds, glasses or curtains in the upper division of the sides, front or back thereof, nine dollars.
For every four wheel carriage, having framed posts and tops, and hanging on steel springs (whether drawn by one or more horses) six dollars.
For every four wheel top carriage, hanging upon wooden or iron springs or jacks (whether drawn by one or more horses); and for every curicle, chaise, chair, sulky, or other two wheel top carriage, hanging or rolling upon steel or iron springs, three dollars.
For every other two wheel carriage, two dollars.
For every four wheel carriage, having framed posts and tops, and rolling upon wooden spars, two dollars. Provided, that nothing herein contained shall be so construed as to require the obtaining a licence for any carriage usually and chiefly employed in husbandry, or for the transportation or carrying of goods, wares, merchandise, produce or commodities, nor shall any carriage usually denominated "Hacks" for which licences are directed to be taken out by the act for laying a tax on Hackney carriages, theatrical and other public amusements, be considered as within this act; but the same shall be taxed as directed by the aforementioned act.
For every Billiard table for gain, fifty dollars. provided also, that no persons, shall, by this act, be obliged to take out licences for the objects aforesaid who have obtained licences therefor from the circuit court of the District of Columbia, until such licences shall expire; nor shall any carriages for which licences are directed to be taken as aforesaid, be assessed or taxed with the personal property of the proprietors, after licences therefore shall be obtained under this act.
Sec. 2. And be it enacted, That the above licences shall be obtained by application to the Treasurer, who, on the payment of the sum required, shall give a receipt therefor to the applicant, who, on the delivery thereof to the Register, shall receive from him the licence, under his signature, and authenticated by the city seal, for which he shall charge no fee. And it shall be the duty of the Register to make entry of the licences granted, and of the receipt of the Treasurer, as well as to file the same.
Sec. 3. And be it enacted, That every person, who shall perform any act for which a licence is hereby required, without having previously obtained one in manner aforesaid, shall forfeit twice the amount of the sum payable for the licence, one half whereof shall go to the informer, and the other half to the use of the city.
JAMES BARRY, President of the first chamber of the City Council of Washington.
DANL. CARROLL, of Dud'n President of the second Chamber of the City Council of Washington.
Approved, May 25th, 1803.
ROBERT BRENT, Mayor.
True Copy,
THOMAS HERTY, Reg. of the City of Washington.
For Sale, Rent, or to be Exchanged
FOR a Farm in the Territory of Columbia Improved or Unimproved Property in eligible situations in the City of Washington. Also for sale a Negro Wench and two Children, a Boy and Girl. For terms apply to JAMES R. DERMOTT, Capitol Hill, who continues to give information respecting City Lots. A few unimproved for sale. June 23. 1803. 3: weekly
Prince George's County, Upper Marlboro', April 13, 1803.
At a stated meeting of a number of republican citizens of the said county to consider of measures proper to be pursued, preparatory to the ensuing election, THOMAS CONTEE, Esq. in the chair, TRUEMAN TYLER, secretary, the following resolutions were adopted:
That WALTER BOWIE, Esq. be requested to offer as a representative to the next Congress, and that it is the unanimous opinion of this meeting that he should be supported by this county.
Resolved, That Stephen West, Leonard Covington, Thomas Ducker, Clement Dyer, and John M. Gantt Esqs. be a committee to communicate the above resolution to the republicans of Anne Arundel county, to inform them of Mr. Bowie's consent to serve, and request the support of the republicans of that county.
That it is the sense of this meeting that Stephen West, Esq. be the candidate to represent this county in the state legislature in the room of Samuel Carr, Esq. who has declined being a candidate.
Resolved unanimously that this meeting will support Robert Bowie, Archibald Vanhorn, Peter Wood and Stephen West, Esqs. as proper persons to represent this county in the next General Assembly.
It is recommended that there be a committee appointed as soon as possible, by the republicans in each district in this county to consist of such members as at a meeting of the district shall be agreed upon.—This committee shall meet once in three weeks in the district until the first day in August next and once a week after until the election.
That each district appoint five persons to meet at Upper Marlboro' in general committee of the county once a month until the first day of August, and once a fortnight after until the ensuing election; and if a district shall fail to elect such members of a general committee then the committee of such district shall appoint five persons to attend the general committee of the county.
It shall be the duty of the district committee to correspond with the county committee, and of the county committee with a similar one in Anne Arundel county, if any such committee shall be appointed in that county.
The first meeting of the general committee to be the last Monday in June.
Resolved, That the proceedings of this meeting be published in the National Intelligencer.
TO LET,
And be entered upon immediately, three well finished BRICK HOUSES,
NEARLY opposite Morn's Tavern, on N. 29th street very near Pennsylvania Avenue, built for the WASHINGTON BUILDING COMPANY.
The Houses will be rented on very reasonable terms.
Apply to THOMAS CARPENTER near the President's Square. Dec. 10.
A valuable Farm for Sale.
IN the county of Jefferson State of Virginia. A four miles above Harpers Ferry, and four miles from the county town of Charlestown—containing about 480 acres of limestone land; it is under several leases until the end of the present year, and has been managed to an improvement of the premises at a rent of about 500 dollars per annum. One tract contains 404 acres, one third of which is well timbered—45 acres of good meadow, watered by a constant stream—an apple orchard of about 200 trees of choice fruit well grown; the improvements upon this tract are a stone dwelling house and kitchen, a new log barn 60 by 24, a constant spring of good water, near the kitchen door—another tract contains 53 acres, one third of which is also well timbered, 4 acres of meadow, and an apple orchard of about 100 trees—the improvements thereon are a comfortable dwelling house, kitchen, barn and stables, with a well of good water at the door; the other are three tracts of 43 acres each, with a proportion of wood and meadow, on which there are buildings for tenants. These several tracts adjoin and make a complete farm; the situation is pleasant and healthy, and in an agreeable neighbourhood. The price is Twenty Dollars per acre for the whole tract, and if sold separately the price will be at an advance. One half to be paid in cash, the other moiety in one, two and three years with interest from the day of sale and a security of the premises. The lands will be shown by the tenants on application to George North, Esq. at Charlestown. An inalienable title will be made by the subscriber to whom letters may be addressed on the subject.
JOSEPH NOURSE.
George Town, District of Columbia, June 14, 1803.
N. B. Harper's Ferry, on the Potomac river, is a public landing at which boats take in lading for George Town, Alexandria and the City of Washington. An armory has lately been erected at this place and is now carried on by the United States. 4:raw
WAS committed to the jail of Baltimore county as a runaway, on the 6th inst. JOHN PHILIP WORM, a German, about 23 years of age, 5 feet 8 inches high, light complexion, red hair, grey eyes, has on a blue cloth coat and pannilons, striped cotton jacket with sleeves, and an old wool hat; he is a baker by trade, and says he belongs to Messrs. Blair and Valkmin, living in Lombard street, Philadelphia. If his master or masters do not release him, he will be sold for his jail fees according to law. James Wilson, Sheriff, June 20. rawf

Notice is hereby given,
THAT separate proposals will be received at the office of the Secretary for the Department of War, until the 31st day of July next...
Second. At Fort Mifflin, near the mouth of the Ohio.
Fourth. At South West Point, Tellico, Knoxville, Nashville, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed...
Tenth. At Fort Mifflin, Pittsburgh, Carlisle, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed...
Eleventh. At Fort Jay, West Point, Albany, Schenectady, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed...
Twelfth. At Fort Trumbull, Fort Wolcott, in any part of Vermont, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed...
Thirteenth. At Fort Independence (Boston Harbour), and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed...
Fourteenth. At Portsmouth, Portland, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed...
A Ration to consist of one pound and a quarter of Beef, or three-quarters of a pound of Pork, eighteen ounces of Bread or Flour...
The Rations are to be furnished in such quantities, that there shall at all times, during the term of the proposed contracts...
It is to be understood that the Contractor is at the expense and risk of issuing the supplies to the troops...
The privilege is understood to be referred to the United States of requiring that none of the supplies which may be furnished...
TO LET, And be entered upon immediately, three well finished BRICK HOUSES...
NEARLY opposite Morin's Tavern, on Twelfth street very near Pennsylvania Avenue...
The Houses will be rented on very reasonable terms. Apply to THOMAS CARPENTER near the President's Square.
Dec. 18.
ORDERED, that the act to alter, change and abolish, such parts of the constitution and form of government as relates to the establishing a general court...
By order, NINIAN PINKNEY, Clerk.
AN ACT
To alter, change and abolish, such parts of the constitution and form of government as relates to the establishing a general court and court of appeals.
Be it enacted, by the General Assembly of Maryland, That from and after the first day of March, eighteen hundred and four...
And be it enacted, That if this act shall be confirmed by the general assembly, after the next election of delegates...
And be it enacted, That all and every part of the constitution and form of government that relates to the court of appeals...
May 2.
FIAT LEGION.
ATTENTION!
At a Legionary Court of Enquiry, held on the 15th day of March last, in obedience to a law passed at the last session of Congress...
Sec. 27. And be it further enacted, That all non-commissioned officers and privates, belonging to battalion companies...
Sec. 28. And be it further enacted, That all non-commissioned officers and privates, belonging to battalion companies...
Sec. 29. And be it further enacted, That all non-commissioned officers and privates, belonging to battalion companies...
Sec. 30. And be it further enacted, That all non-commissioned officers and privates, belonging to battalion companies...
Sec. 31. And be it further enacted, That all non-commissioned officers and privates, belonging to battalion companies...
Sec. 32. And be it further enacted, That all non-commissioned officers and privates, belonging to battalion companies...
Sec. 33. And be it further enacted, That all non-commissioned officers and privates, belonging to battalion companies...
Sec. 34. And be it further enacted, That all non-commissioned officers and privates, belonging to battalion companies...
Sec. 35. And be it further enacted, That all non-commissioned officers and privates, belonging to battalion companies...
Sec. 36. And be it further enacted, That all non-commissioned officers and privates, belonging to battalion companies...
Sec. 37. And be it further enacted, That all non-commissioned officers and privates, belonging to battalion companies...
Sec. 38. And be it further enacted, That all non-commissioned officers and privates, belonging to battalion companies...
Sec. 39. And be it further enacted, That all non-commissioned officers and privates, belonging to battalion companies...
THIS Lottery will positively commence drawing at the city of Philadelphia, on the first Monday of September next.
The prizes will be paid thirty days after its conclusion, of which public notice will be given.
The Managers depend principally upon the proceeds of this lottery for finishing the Navigation of the Lehigh.
SCHEME.
Table with 3 columns: Prize, Amount, Number. Includes prizes of 5000, 2000, 1000, 500, 250, 125, 62.5, 31.25, 15.62, 7.81, 3.90.
1938 prizes, 5062 blanks, 35,000
7000 tickets, at five dollars each, is 35,000
Boarding & Day Schools.
PRESIDENT'S SQUARE. J. GARDNER instructs Youth in Arithmetic, Book-Keeping, Writing, and English Grammar.
MRS. GARDNER teaches Needle-Work, Tambouring, &c. Young Ladies who desire to do so, can divide their time betwixt the two schools.
Lots for sale.
IN eligible situations, and upon very advantageous terms—A plan of the several squares in which they are contained may be seen and terms thereof by applying to, ROBERT W. PEACOCK.
FIVE DOLLARS REWARD,
FOR delivering to the Subscriber a negro boy, Edmund, who was a few days ago sent with a letter to a gentleman in the city and has not since returned.
Two Hundred Dollars Reward.
RUN AWAY, in the spring of last year, from this place, a young fellow, the property of the subscriber, named JOHN, some times called JOHNSON, and calling himself at times JOHN HILL...
W. H. HILL. Wilmington N. C. June 10, 1803.
CHARLES VARDEN, TAYLOR,
FROM PHILADELPHIA. HAS received from Philadelphia an elegant assortment of the best quality Superfine Cloths, Cassimeres, Silk florantine, Black and fancy silk mouselin velvet...
With a variety of other articles suitable for the winter season. N. B. Ladies Habits, Regimentals and Navy uniforms made in the first style of fashion.
New-Jersey Avenue, the second House from the Capitol Square. December 3, 1802.
NOTICE.
MR. SAMUEL SPEAK IS appointed, by the Legionary Court of the first Legion of the Militia, to collect the FINES incurred by the members thereof...
W. D. BEALL, Adjutant. June 17.
Just imported in the ship Active, from London, via Philadelphia, and for sale by RAPINE, CONRAD & CO. New-Jersey Avenue, near the capitol, a choice collection of new and valuable books...
ELISHA RIGGS,
Has just received from Philadelphia A large supply of Seasonable Goods, viz. EMBOSSED and COLOURED Muslins, Very fine Mul. Mul. & Book do. Lace Shades and Wide Laces...
SPRING GOODS.
JOHN COX, HAS just received an elegant and extensive assortment of Fashionable Spring Goods, which he is now selling at very reduced prices.
Also, A quantity of Spinning Cotton in bags. George-town, June 1.
THOMAS CARPENTER, TAYLOR.
HAS just received by recent arrivals at Philadelphia, from England, and the East Indies, a handsome assortment of SPRING and SUMMER GOODS, of the best quality...
Gentlemen of ARMY, NAVY and FASHION served with expedition and taste. New Jersey Avenue, seventh house from Capitol Square and Pennsylvania Avenue near the President's square.
PRINTING INK OF AN EXCELLENT QUALITY,
FOR SALE AT TIMOTHY CALDWELL'S Near the West Market, City of Washington, who has to Let on Ground Rent a number of Lots in eligible situations.
ATTENTION.
THE members of the Washington Troop of Horse, will meet on Saturday evening next, at 5 o'clock, on the ground North of the President's House, without uniform, provided with ten blank cartridges each.
N. LUBOROUGH, Adjutant. Washington, June 29.
RANAWAY on the 21st inst. from the subscriber, residing in the borough of Lancaster, (Penn.) a bound Negro Servant lad named LESTER, but sometimes calling himself BILLY JONES, aged about 20 years.
WILLIAM BARTON. Lancaster, June 23, 1803.
N. B. The printers in Frederick town, Baltimore, Philadelphia, and New-York, are requested to give this advertisement a place in their papers.
TAKE NOTICE.
I WILL sell five hundred and fifty acres of Land whereon I live, in Fairfax county, within five miles of the court house, and within twenty of the City of Washington...
Thos. POLLARD. Feb. 21st.
FOR SALE,
For a term of 5 years, A LIKELY young and healthy NEGRO MAN, about 23 years of age for sale by ROBERT M'CLAN. Washington May 25.
Would wish to engage in some healthy Country situation. A person who has practiced teaching an English-Schoolfifteen years, and can produce Certificates expressing the approbation of those parents who have favoured him with the tuition of their Children...
The highest price in Cash will be given for a quantity of HOMOONY BEANS and BLACK EYED PEAS. Apply to WM. BRENT. Washington, June 29.
Columbian Library.
AT a meeting of the Shareholders of the Columbian Library on Saturday last, Stephen B. Balch, Joseph Mourie, Thomas Turner, John Craven, Francis Lowndes jun. and Adam King, were chosen directors for the ensuing year.
Resolved, 'That the price of shares to new subscribers be hereafter, at the rate of 15 dollars a share...'
Resolved also, that the annual payment be two dollars for the present year. Extract from the minutes. DAVID WILEY, Sec'y.
It may be worthy of notice, that all who have ever held shares in the Library, and have not transferred them, will still be entitled to them, upon paying off the arrearages...
The Books are kept in an apartment of the Columbian Academy. George-Town, April 1.
DEBATES IN THE SENATE.
This day is published, At Wm. Duane's Book-store Pennsylvania avenue. Price One Dollar and Fifty Cents.
A COMPLETE REPORT
Of the Debates on the Mississippi question, in the Senate of the United States, on the 23rd, 24th and 25th, February last; on certain resolutions concerning the violation of the right of deposit in the
ISLAND OF NEW-ORLEANS.
[In a former advertisement the price was incorrectly stated] June 28, eodgt