Alexandria daily advertiser (Alexandria [Va.]), 1805-08-31 00:00:00

Alexandria Daily Advertiser.
SATURDAY, AUGUST 31, 1805.
[No. 1385.]
Vol. V.]
Public Sale.
On TUESDAY next, at 10 o'clock, will be sold at the Vendue Store,
RUM
In bds. and bts. French Brandy in pipes, Gin in pipes and bts. Whiskey and Apple Brandy in bts. Sugar in bds. tierses and bts. Chocolate White and brown Soap and Mould and dip Candles } in boxes, Raisins in kegs, boxes and jars, Figs in kegs and frails, Queen's Ware in crates,
HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE,
&c. Also,
A Variety of DRY GOODS,
among which are Cloths, Coatings, Kersemeres, Duffs, Plains, Kerseys, Negro Cottons, Serjes, Elasticks, blue Friezes, Callimancoes, Russels, Yara Stockings, Chintzes and Callicoes, Irish Linens, Silesia do. Osnaburgs and Ticklenburgs, Muslin and Muslin Handkerchiefs, India Mutties and Table Clothes, Bandaans Handkerchiefs, Coloured Threads, Hats and sundry other articles.
Philip G. Marsteller.
Dec. 20.
10 pipes well flavor'd Holland
Gin, 60 casks Dutch Linseed Oil, 42 bales German Ticklenburgh 1 case Britannias, 1 do. Platillas Royal,
Just Imported from Rotterdam,
In the brig Nancy, Spalding,
AND FOR SALE BY
J. & T. Vowell,
WHO HAVE IN STORE,
A few pipes old Madeira Wine, fit
for immediate use,
Three bds. old Grenada Rum,
Three casks Clover Seed,
Ten pipes 4th proof Spanish Brandy.
Cash given for Otter and
Mink Skins.
April 25. d
JAMES SANDERSON
Has received, in addition to his late general sup-
plies, which he will sell, by the quantity, ve-
ry low, and on liberal credit;
10 pipes 4th proof Cogniac Bran-
dy,
14 puncheons second proof Antigua Rum.
20 barrels New England ditto.
5 pipes particular Teneriffe Wine.
12 half pipes do. do. do.
25 cases claret, 2 and half dozen to each,
9 boxes best London Mutties, 15 dozen
each,
6 do. do. Double Gloucester Cheese.
20 hogheads Black Quart Bottles.
ALSO,
28 hogheads Virginia TOBAC-
CO now in store.
May 31. d
JUST RECEIVED,
AND FOR SALE,
69 barrels prime pork,
112 barrels peas, suitable for the West India
market.
Wm. HODGSON.
July 3.
This day is Published,
For Sale at ROBERT GRAY'S Book
store, and this OFFICE,
(PRICE TWENTY-FIVE CENTS.)
AN ABSTRACT
OF AN
A P O L O G Y,
For Renouncing the Jurisdiction
OF THE
SYNOD OF KENTUCKY.
BEING
A Compendious View of the GOSPEL,
AND A FEW REMARKS ON THE
CONFESSION OF FAITH.
By Robert Marshall. John Dunlavy. Richard
McNemar. Barton W. Stone. John Thompson.
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From the CHARLESTON COURIER.
CORREGIDOR's 2d LETTER.
To Messrs. DALLAS and his fellow addressers of Philadelphia.
"Thus these politicians proceed, whilst little notice is taken of their doctrines; but when they come to be examined upon the plain meaning of their words, and the direct tendency of their doctrines, their equivocations and slippery constructions comes into play."
It would be pleading the cause of your hearts a little too much at the expence of your understanding, and patching up your political integrity with violations of truth, to attribute your conduct for some years past, to error. Your late address proves the vigor and sagacity of your minds and the clearness of your conceptions, judge M c Kean or Governor M c Kean, Mr. Dallas, and Dr. Logan, have read too much to be ignorant of the best principles of policy, if they had only the virtue to act up to their knowledge. It was not on the day when the diabolical spirit, which they generated and nourished in the state, was turned upon themselves, that they were first to learn the mischievous effects likely to result from it. It was only when they could make it instrumental to their own private views, that they were blind to its evils: But when it became an instrument in the hands of others, they could open their eyes at once to all its consequences, and to all its enormities. Whatever had been recorded in the history of the world, from the first days of Greece to the last of gallic jacobinism: whatever had been written upon the subject from Aristotle to Edmund Burke, had long been known to them; and their faculties being trained to reasoning, and sharpened by the exercise of the most intellectual professions, they must have reasoned from causes to consequences too closely and certainly not to have foreseen from the beginning that the storm which they have lately affected to discover, and which they may be credited for sincerely lamenting, since it blows directly in their teeth. They knew as well as any other men, that the successful villainy of the French revolutionists and confiscators was in America, as well as other countries, too much admired not to be imitated, and too much envied not to be rivalled. They knew that when the standing order of a state is overturned, and the texture of its constitution torn, misrule must follow, with anarchy and ruin in its train. While they for their own purposes were vaporizing about despotism they in their hearts knew that there was no more to be feared from the "falsa species libertatis," which the ears of the ignorant multitude are as open and greedy to receive, as the deceivers and demagogues are to pour it into them. Like all of their trade, they talked of reforming when they meant only to rule, and of the rights of men, when their only purpose was to enrich themselves. To the mean, the illiterate, and the stupid, they would give the sovereign power, because the mean, stupid, and illiterate could, with the greatest facility be cheated of it; but when they found more ruffian and forward rapacity had clutched the deposit, they then protested against its being placed there again. Standing in the middle between their superiors in talents and knowledge, the federalists, and the mob-ocracy of the state, they with one hand fight the former with privilege, and with the other they dash prerogative in the face of the latter, the former they pepper with the democratic musketry of the Rights of Man, and thunder upon the latter with the whole artillery of law, logic, and learning.
They help a giddy populace to usurp the rule of the state, that they may usurp it from them again; and in doing so, they aid a most abominable usurpation, upon the prerogatives of nature, and treat the foolish flattered multitude as men do a sponge, to absorb the power of the country, and then to squeeze them dry of it—but the sponge being seized by other hands, they would rather burn it, than leave it there. Like an interposing body between two lights, they cast a double shade, and reflect the gloomy and opaque outline of their own misshapen body, upon either side. One party they hate, because they are injured by them; the other they hate, because they have done them wrong; ashamed of one, afraid of the other, they stand insulated; and, as they are much less susceptible of shame than they are of fear, they now run and hide their no-blushes,* in the bosom of those they have wronged, and there take shelter from those who are endeavoring to destroy them. They litigiously stand at issue with both parties; not on a question of right, that is impossi-
* Tamon excute Nullum,
ble, since their reasonings with the one, are the reverse of their reasonings with the other; but on a question of private expediency and corruption, viz. "Who shall decide the people, who govern, who devour the loaves and fishes? Dealers in political portents and prodigies, and moral paradoxes, those men have now involved the union in the vapour of a paradoxical, or, at least, anomalous feeling. Since the sentiments of every wise and virtuous citizen must be hostile to them; while every wise and virtuous citizen must wish them success in this contest. Better it is that even they should be victorious, than the country ruined.
A great curse, indeed, it is to a nation to sink into a perfect, unmixed democracy—but, to fall thence into a mob of democracies, must be a cureless perdition. Men naturally leap from ships on fire, into the sea, not with any hope of saving life, but in order to procure an easier death. On grounds of a similar nature, it is devoutly to be wished that the electors of Pennsylvania will come to a resolution to rescue their falling state from the very lowest abyss of ruin, by stopping it in its descent, at governor M c Kean and his partizans.
If ambition and avarice led you so far out of the track of wisdom and truth, that you did not see, or that you could pretend not to see the mischievous consequences of your loose political conduct, is it possible that men of your knowledge could be so long blind to the nature, disposition, and habits of the agents you made use of?—You could not have known that they love revolution for revolution sake; because they are habituated to annex to it the idea of plunder, rapine, and confusion; that they consider mankind as made for sedition, disturbance, and revolution; and that when they are not engaged in those, and doing some act subversive of the peace of society, they are doing nothing, only throwing away their time; that instead of standing at reform, if, indeed, reform were necessary, they think they should but abuse their power, and throw away the opportunities afforded them, if they did not prostitute it to extremes, and carry it on till utter ruin being accomplished, further mischief would be impossible? Is it possible you should be ignorant that the bosoms of those men are so hardened by revolutionary projects and practices, that they are unsusceptible of all impressions of feeling or integrity; and their mind corrupted by habit, so far beyond the possibility of cure or amendment, that they cannot help being depraved, even where they have no political purpose to answer?
If I mistake not, you must recollect what invectives all you gentlemen of the democratic kidney have uttered about power, as contra-distinguished from right; of something miscalled right, which was only power; and of power making right, with many other common-place cajoleries. But pray, what is the principle of unmixed democracy? How far goes it? Why to no less than making physical force the arbiter of right; measuring the rights of counsel by numbers, and making power the only standard of right. According to the principles of democracy, two porters, or London pugilists, or brothel keepers, or panders, or Billingsgate fish-women, would be superior in counsel to, and have double the rights of, a Numa, or a Solon, or a Lycurgus—and the rather still, because they would, in all probability, be more fierce, more strong, and more unprincipled, as well as more stupid, ignorant, and illiterate.
These are things of which you could scarcely have been ignorant. If you were at first in the dark upon it, it is unfortunate that the new light did not break in upon your minds a little sooner. Had it done so, you might have prevented the progress of your enemies, before they had so closely invested you, and saved yourselves from the necessity of propounding principles which it was the business of your past political lives to deny and resist; and of making confessions, which while they serve the state, must tinge your cheeks with a hectic of shame and repentance. You would then have been able to give your service to the state with the advantage of character less impaired; you would have come forward to the fight with greater plausibility, and with fairer claims to credit for good intention. But, as it is, the very arguments which go against your enemy, impair your own credit; since to borrow a sentence from the great man, whose words are transcribed in the motto to this paper, "no man can mortgage his injustice as a pawn for his fidelity."
CORREGIDOR.
PRINTING at various branches, executed with neatness and dispatch.
NEW-YORK, August 27.
By the ship Franklin, we have received the Argus, a paper printed in Paris, as late as the 24th of June, which contains the following article:—
Allied by indissoluble ties with Holland, Spain and a large portion of Italy, France might already launch upon the ocean squadrons superior to those of England. A few short voyages will soon have formed sailors, a nursery of them is even now forming in the very sight of the coast of England.
The English ministers either judge like the ignorant vulgar, or they awkwardly dissemble their fears. They represent the French fleets as flying before English squadrons, as placing their whole safety in the address of escaping the combat. But in sailing out of port, they have a destination which is more glorious to attain: and the brave men they are carrying will still find an occasion of facing the enemy. It is not to accord the combat, but to render it more useful that they leave the English squadrons to struggle with the winds and waves. It is greatly to humanity that England should her pride be, punished by the very excess of and avoid the system she has chosen for enslaving the world, should be the first cause of her ruin. The gaining of a battle at sea might retard for some years the restoration of the French navy; but it may shortly come to pass that England will not accept all those which will be offered to her.
MADRID, May 23.
The commandant general at Cadiz has published an order, requiring all persons who have not had the epidemic disorder of last year, to leave the city in a short time. This measure is founded on the observation, confirmed by experience, that whenever this distemper breaks out anew, it always first attacks those persons who had before escape dit.
As the warm season of the year approaches, our government redoubles its vigilance and activity, to prevent the distressful consequences of the revival of the contagion. The cordon in Andalusia, and on the Tagus, has been strengthened. His excellency the prince of peace, among other measures of precaution, has ordered one hundred and fifty thousand fumigating apparatus to be prepared, according to the invention of the celebrated French chemist, Guyton Morveau. These machines will be distributed through the whole kingdom, and particularly in the provinces which have been ravaged by the yellow fever. They are to be fabricated under the inspection of that able professor of chemistry, Don Pedro Bueno.
BALTIMORE, August 29.
Arrived, schr. Eliza, Robbins, from St. Martins.
Left there schooner Victory, of Connecticut, the only American vessel there.—Spoke nothing but a pilot boat schooner who asked if there were any French privateers on the coast; a black clump ship was in co. who bore down and fired several shots into the Eliza, one of which had nearly killed captain Maffat, by passing within a few inches of him, and ordered him to come on board with his papers; when they saw him about to do so they told him to proceed.
They think the ship belonged to Norfolk, but could not learn her name.
Also ship Six Sisters, Auld, from Amsterdam.
Sailed 20th June. On the edge of the Gulph spoke the British frigate Cambrian, which had an American ship from the Isle of France as a prize, intending to take her into Halifax; could not learn her name, but supposes she had been bound to New York or Boston.
Left, ship America, Fraley, for Philadelphia, in 15 days: Ocean, Hudson, New York 10; Dispatch, Benner, India; Charles, of New Bedford, for Philadelphia; Twin, Stevenson, India; Atlantic, Tucker, Baltimore in 4: Venus, King, Philadelphia; Thomas Wilson, Gardner, India; Union, Jacobs, do; Flora, Sterling, do; Bengal, Donaldson, do; Sanwick, Peurere, do; Melpomene, Danbury, New York; Jett, Hopkins, Boston; Eliza, Howe, Baltimore; Liberty, Burroughs, Lisbon; London Packet, Stafford, Baltimore; Triumph, Allen, New York; Parnose, do; Swift, Bullock, Savannah; Minerva, Howard, New York; Little Mary, Waters, Baltimore; Baltimore, Kerr, do; and another ship, and three brigs just arrived, names unknown.
NORFOLK, August 26.
The Adams Frigate, sailed on Friday last for a cruise, as mentioned in the Ledger of that day. Various have been the
conjectures, as to the nature of the orders, which captain Murray has received from the Navy Department. Some have conjectured, that the same orders are given to captain Murray, as were given to the commanders of the ships of War of the United States, in the year 1799, that is to take all French armed vessels. This is a measure of more rashness, than the present administration can be justly suspected of. Report says, and we give it only as such, that captain Murray's instructions are to the following effect. He is to cruise within three leagues of the coast, and if he finds any American vessel, that has been employed in lawful commerce, in the possession of the armed vessel of any nation, he is to release her. American vessels, that have been engaged in any illicit commerce, or in the St. Domingo trade, are to meet no protection. That beyond three leagues from the coast, captain Murray is not to act, nor is he permitted to capture the armed vessels, that have made prizes on our coasts, provided they are regularly commissioned.
If these are the instructions which captain Murray has received, it will appear to every one conversant in nautical affairs, that the services which he can render, must be very limited. By good fortune he may prevent the capture of one or two vessels, and he may release one or two more, but the circumscribed nature of his orders will not permit him to act with effect, because the moment the cruisers ascertain his limits, they will regulate their conduct accordingly.
We are not prepared to say, that the administration could give such instructions, as would more effectually put an end to the system of plunder and insult that has degraded us as a nation, and distressed us as individuals. It would be a measure of too much responsibility in the Executive to adopt a policy, that might directly lead to war, without the concurrence of the legislature. The subject may not be deemed of sufficient importance to convene the legislature, but it is to be feared that before it assembles according to law, that we shall have but little commerce left to protect.
Mr. James Crawford, late mate of the ship Montezuma, capt. Ives, from Africa, bound and belonging to Charleston, to the house of William Maine and Robert Mackey of that city, arrived here last night and reports as follows. That on the 9th inst. in lat. 32, 12, N. long. 76, 20, the said ship Montezuma, having on board 348 slaves, was captured by the French privateer schooner Regulator, capt. Souverain, from St. Jago de Cuba. On the 12th the privateer fell in with the schooner Mary, from New York, which she plundered of provisions and stores to the amount of 400 dollars. On the 19th, they fell in with the ship Canton, captain Bartlett, bound to Baltimore, on board of which ship they put Mr. Crawford, and 13 of the crew of the Montezuma. Captain Ives remained on board the privateer; the crew of the Montezuma were plundered and treated with great cruelty, by putting them in irons. Robert Ross, of Baltimore, was on board the privateer part owner, and an officer. The crew of the Montezuma were received and treated with great kindness by captain Bartlett of the Canton.
Arrived schooner Argus, Small, 14 days from Guadalupe. Left there ship Emily, Welch, from this port, to sail in a few days for Antigua.
Schooner Concord, Rogers, 57 days from Bristol. Left at Bristol, ships Louisa, Wilson, from Gallipoli, for Philadelphia; and Venus, Buets, for New York; brigs Cherokee, Harman, from Savannah for Boston; Louisa, Billings, from Cadiz for Baltimore; Two Friends, Mull, from and bound to Savannah.
Spoke July 4, in lat. 50, 49, long. 15, 30, ship United States, from Alexandria bound to Liverpool. July 14, in lat. 43, 53, long. 34, 30, ship Jefferson, Brook, of New Bedford, 15 days out from Milford Haven, bound to New Bedford. August 3, in lat. 39, 58, long. 61, 30, ship Birmingham of Baltimore, 12 days out from Savannah bound to Liverpool.
Last evening, the ship Two Generals, captain Cunningham, 46 days from Madeira.
TO BE LET,
The HOUSE on Fairfax-street now occupied by Mr. James H. Hoge. Possession will be given on the first of July. Apply to Mr. John Tucker, of Alexandria. The vacant LOTS on King, Columbus, and Walnut streets; the LOTS on the Mall, lately advertised for sale; or any other Lots belonging to the subscriber, for sale by him, on reasonable terms. STEPHEN COOKE.
Leesburg, May 22.

Extract of a letter from a gentleman at Cherbourg, to his friend in Charleston, dated May 20, 1805.
The difficulty and detention in delivering a cargo of cotton, is beyond what you can have any idea of; every patch is cut off, and those bales which appear dirty and ragged, from the exportation by land in our country, undergo a strict survey, as not only subject to a great loss in weight, but from the outward appearance, stamps a suspicious character of its quality.
Capt. Riley, arrived at Charleston from Meleira, informs, that on the fourth of July the ship Grace, Hill, of Boston, arrived there in 10 days from Cadiz, and Captain Hill stated, that letters had been received in Cadiz by the merchants there, concerned in the American trade, from their correspondents in Madrid, in which they advised them to dispatch all vessels belonging to the United States as speedily as possible, loaded, or not loaded, as it amounted almost to a certainty that a rupture would take place between the two nations.
Capt. Coffin, of the ship Juno, arrived at Boston, from the Isle of France, informs, that the French frigate La Pefche, 32 guns, commanded by Captain Burquet, has been taken in the Bay of Bengal, by the British frigate St. Pierre, of 44 guns, after a very desperate battle of four hours, in which the La Pefche was dismantled, and the British frigate very much damaged. Capt. Burquet lost, it is said, all his officers, 40 men killed, and 60 wounded.
General Moreau, has been waited on, in the most respectable manner, by the principal characters in this city; and has accepted an invitation for a public dinner, to be given in October next. He leaves town this day for his seat at Morrisville.
[Phil. paper.]
British Consul General's Office, New York, 26th August, 1805.
SIR, You will oblige me by publishing, in your Gazette, for the information of the merchants of the eastern states of America, the following extract of a letter, received by me this day, from his excellency Anthony Merry, his majesty's envoy extraordinary, and minister plenipotentiary to the United States of America, dated the 24th inst.
I am, Sir, Your Obedient servant, THOS. BARCLAY.
EXTRACT.
The British built ship Belfast, having been captured by his majesty's enemies, and afterwards bought by American citizens, at New York, from whence she sailed under an American sea letter for Liverpool, with a cargo of flour, rice, cotton and other articles. Those goods could not be legally imported into Great Britain according to the terms of the act of the 37th of his present majesty, Chapter 97, because the ship being British built, had not been taken as a prize by the United States, tho' upon a representation of the freighters having been ignorant of the precise limitation of the statute in question, the said cargo was afterwards admitted to entry.
In order to prevent similar occurrences, I am directed by his majesty's secretary of state, to desire that you will take the proper means for notifying to the merchants, within your district concerned in the trade from the United States to his majesty's dominions, that vessels under the circumstances of the one above mentioned cannot be admitted to entry, as American vessels, according to the terms of the said act of the 37th year of his said majesty.
In order that the American merchants may be more fully possessed of the principles upon which this determination of his majesty's secretary of state is founded. His majesty's Consul General subjoins that part of the act of parliament above referred to, which respects the ship Belfast, and all other American ships under similar circumstances.
Be it therefore enacted by the king's most excellent majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the lords, spiritual and temporal, and commons in this present parliament, assembled; and by the authority of the same,
That it shall and may be lawful to import into this kingdom, directly, from
any of the territories of the United States of America, in British built ships or vessels owned, navigated, and registered, according to law; or in ships built in the countries belonging to the United States of America; or any of them; or in ships taken by any of the ships or vessels of war, belonging to the government; or any of the inhabitants of the United States, having Commissions or Letters of Marque, and reprisals from the government of the United States, and condemned as lawful prize in any court of admiralty of the said United States, of which condemnation proof shall be given to the satisfaction of the commissioners of his majesty's customs. or any four or more of them, in that part of Great Britain, called England; and any three or more of them, in that part of Great Britain called Scotland, and owned by the subjects of the said United States, or any of them; and whereof, the master and three fourths of the mariners, at least, are subjects of said United States, any goods, wares, or merchandise, the growth, production, or manufacture of the said United States, which are not prohibited by law, to be imported from foreign countries, and to enter and land such goods, wares, and merchandise, upon payment of the duties, and subject to the conditions and regulations herein after mentioned; any law, custom, or usage, to the contrary in any wise, notwithstanding."
POLITICAL ESSAYS
On the essential and distinctive qualities of Democracies and Republics, with reference to the Constitution of the United States.
FROM THE BALTIMORE REPUBLICAN, OR ANTI-DEMOCRAT.
ESSAY VII.
Plutarch in his life of Solon, relates that Anacharsis after being present at an assembly of the Athenians said, "he was astonished to see in their deliberations, that it was the wise men who spoke and the fools who decided." In these assemblies, some times they gave their suffrages by ballot, but oftener by holding up of hands which is a sign of approbation. The plurality of suffrages once obtained, and the decree read a third time without opposition, the presidents dismiss the assembly, which breaks up with the same noise and tumult as have prevailed during the whole course of the deliberations. (20)
It was thither the orators repaired like so many chiefs of parties, now seconded by military officers whose protection they had secured, and now attended by factious subalterns, whose fury they could moderate at pleasure. No sooner did they make their appearance in the lists than they commenced the attack by insults (21) which animated the multitude by strokes of pleasantry which transported them beyond themselves. Presently the clamours, the applause, the bursts of laughter, (22) that arose from all sides, stifled the voice of the senators who presided at the assembly; of the guards stationed on every side to maintain order; (23) nay even of the orator, (24) who frequently saw his decree fall to the ground, by the same paltry artifices, that so often overthrew a dramatic piece at the theatre of Bacchus.
In the tribunals of justice at Athens things went on no better.
The temptation of gain rendered the people assiduous at the tribunals as well as at the general assembly. The oboli were distributed to each at every sitting, which trifling recompence formed an annual expenditure for the state of about one hundred & fifty talents, for the number of judges was prodigious, and amounted to about 6 thousand. (25)
So Gillies in his history of ancient Greece. The usual employment of six thousand Athenians consisted in deciding law suits, the profits of which afforded the principal resource of the poor citizens. Their legal fees amounted to one hundred and fifty talents, the bribes which they received sometimes exceeded that sum, and both united formed a sixth of the Athenian revenue, even in the most flourishing times."
What was required I have with candor and good faith accomplished. I have observed, our knowledge of democracies is derived from the ancients. To them I have appealed, and from them I have shown
(20) Aristoph. Acharn. v. 24. Plat. de Rep. lib. t. 2. (21) Aristoph. in Eccl. Esch. in Ctesph. (22) Plat. de Rep. lib. vi. Demosth. de Folg. (23) Aristoph. Demosth. (24) Idem. in Acharn. (25) Aristoph. in Vesp.
that a right in the people collectively to enact laws, by a majority of voices, is of the essence of a democracy. I shall now close the discussion with a few observations.
Considering the unchangeable nature and incurable defects of this kind of government, with what attention and energy should every considerate man watch its approaches, and resist its introduction. Is there any severity of comment, that might not with propriety be applied to those persons, who would persuade the people of the United States, that they already live under a democracy; that curse of republics, that volcano of licentiousness, that gulph of liberty, that prolific mother of faction, injustice, sedition, revolution and tyranny!
Is the constitution of the United States a democracy? Examine it thoroughly!
The constitution is a compact. Try it by that compact? By it the people have no right to assemble collectively, either in sections, or in districts, or in detachments, for giving their votes to enact or make laws, respecting peace, war, alliances, imposts, commerce, or any of the other great national interests. They have no right to meet in assemblies for hearing of causes, and punishing criminals. They have vested in a few men all sovereign power, the number and description of which, they can neither augment, nor change, nor diminish. They have vested in one man the executive power. They have vested the judiciary power in men whom they do not choose, and who hold their offices during life, or good behaviour. They have likewise vested in a few men, whom they do not choose, the rights of jurors. They have vested in the state legislatures, the right to appoint senators to congress. They have vested in congress and the state legislatures the right of proposing amendments or alterations in the constitutions; and in the state legislatures or conventions, the right of adopting or rejecting them. They have vested the whole legislative authority of the nation in their state legislatures and in congress. No sovereign power, therefore, remains to be exercised, or can be exercised by the people, successively, collectively or individually.
What are the rights which the people have reserved, or which they may lawfully exercise?
These rights are chiefly of the elective kind. To the people it belongs to elect a definite number of men, of a particular description, members of the house of representatives of congress. To the people it belongs to elect, the whole or a part of the persons who elect senators to congress. To the people, or to the state legislatures, it belongs, to elect the men who elect the President. In the persons thus elected, and not in the people, is vested the sovereign or supreme power; from them, when exercising the legislative or executive functions, it flows in various acts, and by them only can it be exercised. The compact has settled these points. It leaves no sovereign power to be exercised by the people. (26)
The powers only not delegated to the United States by the constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people. (27)
It must be evident to those who will consider these facts, coolly and impartially, that the constitution of the United States is far removed from a democracy. It refuses to exhibit its great characteristic. It is a republic which contains, as has been observed, a due mixture of the principles of different governments, nicely poised and accurately adjusted, partaking only of democracy as the oval partakes in its nature of the circle.
Thus—In the singleness of the executive, we are to look for the energy, secrecy and dispatch, of Monarchy. In the senate, the wealth, virtue, stability, experience and wisdom of Aristocracy. In the house of representatives, as the immediate choice of the people, the advantages of Democracy. Add to this, that the elective principle pervades all parts of the constitution. It glows in the President, warms in the Senate, and burns in the House of Representatives. O people! is not this enough for the preservation of liberty, and security of property? Will not more destroy both? And yet it
(26) It is not meant to be insinuated, by this exposition, that the people have in no case a right to change their government. They possess this right, but, as expressed in the constitution of Maryland, it is only, "when the ends of government are perverted, and public liberty manifestly endangered, and all other means of redress are ineffectual, that the people may and of right ought to reform the old, or establish a new, government."
(27) Amendment of the constitution of the United States.
would seem, that some men anxiously desire more.
Let us pause, reflect and hope, that the property, virtue, and good sense of the community, are to preponderate, and the constitution to be saved. If it is to be their opposites, then must we experience de facto or de jure, a restless, factious, turbulent, tempestuous Democracy, with all its concomitant evils and miseries; and then, too, may the framers of the constitution, who yet survive, like another Solon, live to see their work destroyed, by another Pisistratus.
REMOVAL.
The subscriber has removed his Goods, consisting of Hardware, to the house lately occupied by James Russell, in Fairfax-street, next door to Messrs. Joney and Lloyd's; where he will keep a complete assortment of the above Goods, and a general assortment of Bar-Iron, Crowley, Bistered, and German Steel. O. P. Finley. August 31. dz
LITERATURE.
PARENTS and Pupils will please to take Notice, that L. JANNEY and M. JANNEY and DAUGHTER'S English Schools, will both be opened on second day, the second of next month, called September, in the houses lately occupied by William Kenworthy, in St. Asaph-street, near Prince, agreeable to a former notification, addressed to the Citizens of Alexandria generally.
N. B. The Latin and Greek department will not commence, until it is known what number of Students can be obtained. August 31. dz
EDUCATION.
The subscriber returns his sincere thanks to his Friends and Employers, for their patronage and past favours; and respectfully begs leave to inform them and the inhabitants of Alexandria, that he will commence an Evening School on Monday the 16th of September. Those who are disposed to favor him with their scholars, are desired to make speedy application, as he will take but a small number. Particular attention will be paid to the English Grammar, spelling, theoretical and practical pen, if requested. Navigation, the use of the Globes, or any of the different branches of the Mathematics.
William Slade. Prince-street Academy, August 31. 4t24w
Spring-Garden Theatre.
[NEVER ACTED HERE.]
On SATURDAY EVENING,
AUGUST 31, WILL BE PRESENTED A DRAMA
—CALLED—
The Wife of Two Husbands.
The Count Belfior, Mr. Wood. Maurice, Mr. Poe. Carronade, Mr. Jefferson. Armagh, Mr. Bissett. Theodore, Miss Hunt. Fitz, Mr. M'Kenzie. Walter, Mr. Cain. Montenero (captain of banditti) Mr. Robins. 1st Robber, Mr. Taylor. 2d ditto, Mr. Seymour. Servant, Master Harris.
The Countess Belfior, Mrs. Jefferson. Eugenia, Mrs. Francis. Ninetta, Mrs. Seymour.
IN ACT FIRST, A CHARACTERISTIC DANCE, BY CHILDREN.
TO WHICH WILL BE ADDED, The Comic Opera
THE POOR SOLDIER.
Captain Fitzroy, Mr. Wood. Dermot, Robins. Father Luke, M'Kenzie. Darby, Jefferson. Bagalette, Bissett. Patrick, Cain. Boy, Master Harris.
Norah, Mrs. Jefferson. Kathleen, Mrs. Seymour.
The Doors to be opened at 6, and the performance to begin precisely at 7. Admittance One Dollar.
Tickets to be had at Mr. Gadsby's bar, and at the THEATRE.
Should the weather prove unfavorable, the entertainments will be postponed until the first fair evening.
August 29.

EDUCATION.
H. WILBAR,
Late Master of the Steine House Academy, Brigshelmstone;
BEGS leave respectfully to inform the inhabitants of Alexandria and its vicinity, that (at the request of many of his friends) he has reduced his terms of tuition to Five Dollars per quarter, and One Dollar entrance.
An Evening School will be opened on Monday next, the 2d of September, from 6 o'clock till 9—at the moderate price of Three Dollars per quarter. Pens, ink, and fire-wood included.
August 29. d3te3t
TUNIS CRAVEN
HAS JUST RECEIVED, 8 puncheons Jamaica Rum, of superior quality. 15 puncheons, } New England Rum. 30 barrels } Which he will sell low, for cash or approved negotiable notes. August 26. d
FINE SALT.
2000 bushels fine Salt, on board the sloop Hope, at E. Janney's wharf, for sale, by Hewes & Miller. August 26. d
JOHN TUCKER
Has For sale 700hds. & 100 barrels St. Martin's Sugar, Intitled to debenture certificates—also 600 bushels Coarse Salt, and Groceries as usual. Aug. 21 3taw2w.
FOR SALE,
IN PRINCE WILLIAM COUNTY, Neabsco Furnace, and its Appendages, with 4 or 5000 acres of Land adjoining,
NEAR the town of Dumfries, and within four miles of the Potomac. The soil is generally adapted to the produce of small grain—and, if too considerable for one purchaser, will be laid off in lots suitable for small farms. A description of the land is thought unnecessary, as those wishing to purchase will, no doubt, first view it. The payments required will be one-third cash, and the balance in two annual instalments, to be secured by a mortgage on the land, and no deed will be made until the last payment is complied with. Any person wishing to purchase, may know the terms by applying to Mr. Thomas T. Page, living near the premises; who is fully authorised by me, to sell the whole or any part. John Tayloe. Mount Airy, August 12. d3m
N. B. A valuable Mine Bank, in Maryland, may be had with the Furnace.
Valuable Property for Sale.
On the 10th day of October next, at 10 o'clock in the forenoon, will be Sold on a long credit, at public vendue, on the premises, THAT large STONE WAREHOUSE on the corner of Wolfe and Union streets; one half of a Ground Rent of £.131 18/8. arising out of the Distill-house immediately opposite; one half of the Wharf that was built by general Roberdeau, and a number of Vacant Lots on Water, Wolfe, and Union streets. The property will be shown to any person applying to the subscriber. THOMAS PATTEN. August 19. e06w
FOR SALE,
Or to Let, for a Term of Years, or on Ground-Rent for ever, Four valuable Lots, on the south side of King-street, between Fayette and Henry-streets; each lot fronting 20 feet on King-street, and running back 100 feet to a 12 feet alley.—The situation of this property is such (being in one of the most thriving parts of the town) as to make the possession of it very desirable to any person having money to purchase, more especially to dealers in country produce.
Also, for Sale,
A House and Lot, on the south side of King street, near Washington street, and opposite the store of Mr. James Bacon. This situation is equal to any in town for business. Likewise to Let, for the term of ten years,
An half-acre Lot on Duke and Pitt streets, most eligibly situated for a Garden or Clover Lot, for which purpose only it would be rented. As manure has been thrown up in heaps upon it for several years the ground cannot but be as rich as could be wished. For terms apply to Mr. James Bacon, on King, near Washington street, or to the subscriber, at Notley Hall opposite to Alexandria. Thos. L. Washington. N. B. To Hire by the month,
A very likely active BOY, About 15 years old, who has from a child been accustomed to wait in the house, provided immediate application is made as above. May 2.
THE SUBSCRIBERS,
HAVE RECEIVED, A considerable addition to their stock, forming an extensive assortment of the best articles in their line of business.
—THEY HAVE FOR SALE—
Madeira, sherry, Lisbon, Fenefisse, Malaga and Port, } Wines of the first quality and in five order.
St. Eſtephe Medoc Claret, in cases of one and two dozen, Cognac Brandy, old Peach do. Jamaica and Antigua Rum, very old Jamaica Spirit, for family use, Continental Rum, 70 barrels Pennsylvania Rye Whiskey, old Irish Whiskey, Molasses.
TEAS,
Imperial, Gunpowder, Young Hyson, Hyson Skin, Souchong } carefully chosen of the freshest and best qualities for family use.
Philadelphia and Alexandria loaf and lump Sugars, Mufcovado Sugars, Coffe, Tenneſſee and Upland Georgia Cotton, Rice, Mace, Nutmegs, Cloves, Caffia, Pepper, Pimento, race and ground Ginger, Mustard, pearl Barley, Starch, Fig Blue, Flotant & Orleans Indigo, Madder, Copperas, Bees Wax, Hunter's pipes in boxes, Snuff in bladders and bottles, wrapping Paper, Havana Se-gars, British Gunpowder, Patent Shot, Bar Lead, Refined Salt-petre, Brimstone, Allum, Chalk, Soap, Mould and Dip Candles, Demijohns, &c. Mandeville & Jamesson. August 10. d
Mackarel & Whiskey.
110 barrels of MACKAREL just received, per Schooner Hiram, from Rhode Island: ALSO,
35 barrels strong proof RYE WHISKEY—and 30 kegs manufactured James-River TOBACCO, warranted good. These articles will be sold low. Apply to John & Thomas Vowell. July 16. d
LAND for SALE.
I have about 1000 acres of Land, equal to any in the state of Kentucky, lying near Lexington, which I will sell a great bargain; the title indisputable, and an old military one. The terms of the sale will be made low, and a very lengthy credit given on a considerable part of the purchase money. Those gentlemen who intend to settle in the state, and who wish to purchase, may find it their interest to call upon me. I have the certificate of the hon. John Brackenridge, Esq. and others, showing the title, situation, quality, quantity and value of this property. John Luke. August 5. d3t
Forty Dollars Reward,
For apprehending and securing in any gaol in the United States, so that I get him again, Negro ABNER;
HE is a stout, strong, and active fellow; understands plantation business well and is a good shoemaker; he is about 32 years old, about 5 feet 9 or 10 inches high; he has some old scars from a whip which he received seven-teen years ago for running away; he has been my property ever since and I do not recollect that he has ever been corrected since, although often deferred it; he has a mother in Fauquier county, Virginia, the property of Mr. John Bronaught, and I have been informed he was seen on the road enquiring for said place, with a pass setting forth that he was a free man, and my name affixed to some of them, all of which are forgeries; and I will give a farther reward of Forty Dollars to any person that will inform me of the person or persons guilty of the forgery, provided they are convicted of the same. The above slave went off 28th July, 1805. THOMAS WEST, One mile from Alexandria. August 14. d
FOR SALE,
My Tract of Land, lying in the county of Loudoun, and bounding on the Sugar Land Run: containing two thousand and seven hundred and sixty four acres. I will accommodate purchasers in parcels less than the whole. I will not enter into any description of the land, supposing that persons desirous of purchasing, will inform themselves on the spot, by taking a view of the premises. Possession can be given on new year's day, in the year 1806, to any one who makes a bargain before the 15th September, after which time tenants will be fixed and the possession though at the same time as in the other case, will be encumbered with them. For terms application may be made to Thomas L. Lee, of the county, General John Minor, Fredericksburg, and the subscriber living in the county of King George. LANDON CARTER. Cleve, August 1. 13w
A few Copies of the American Gardener, for sale by Robert Gray, in King-street.
DISTRICT of COLUMBIA,
County of Alexandria, ff. June Term, 1805.
Thomas Lewis, (Complainant) against Hannah Griffith, widow and relict of David Griffith, deceased; Lewellin Griffith, Camillus Griffith, Colville Griffith, and Sarah Griffith, children of the said David Griffith, deceased; Elizabeth Griffith, widow and relict of David Griffith, jun. deceased; Elizabeth Thompson & Emily Griffith, Fred. Lewellin Griffith, Lucy Ann Griffith and Elizabeth Griffith, heirs of David Griffith, jun. dec. and Baldwin Duder, (Defendant)
THE said Defendants, Elizabeth Griffith, widow and relict of David Griffith, jun. deceased; Emily Griffith, Frederick L. Griffith, Lucy Ann Griffith and Elizabeth Griffith, heirs of the said David Griffith, jun. deceased, and Lewellin Griffith, not having entered their appearance and given security according to the rules of this court—and it appearing, to the satisfaction of the court, that they are not inhabitants of this district—on motion of the complainant by his counsel, it is ordered, that the said defendants do appear here on the first day of November term, and answer the complainant's bill. And it is further ordered, that the infant defendants be allowed to appear, by their guardians, and answer the said bill and defend this suit, and that a copy of this order be forthwith inserted in both of the public newspapers published in this county, for two months successively, and that another copy be posted at the front door of the court house of the said county. A Copy, TEST, G. DENEALE, c. c. August 21. 12w2m.
DISTRICT, of COLUMBIA,
County of Alexandria, ff. June Term, 1805:
William Thornton Alexander, Complainant, Against Stephen Cook, James H. Hooe, Robert T. Hooe, Robert E. Vans, Robert Smith and Peter Billy, defendants, In Chancery.
THE Defendant, Stephen Cooke, not having entered his appearance and given security according to the act of assembly and the rules of this court; and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court, upon affidavit, that the said Stephen Cooke is not an inhabitant of this district; on motion of the complainant, by his counsel, it is ordered, That the said defendant do appear here on the first day of November term next, and enter his appearance to the suit and give security for performing the decrees of the court; and that the other defendants James H. Hooe, Robert T. Hooe, Robert Evans, Robert Smith, and Peter Billy, do not pay away, convey, or secrete, the debts by them owing to, or the estate or effects in their hands belonging to the said absent defendant Stephen Cooke, until the further order or decree of the court; and that a copy of this order be forthwith published for two months successively, in both of the public newspapers published in this county, and that another copy be posted at the front door of the court house of said county. A Copy, TEST, G. DENEALE, c. c. August 21, 12w2m
DISTRICT of COLUMBIA,
County of Alexandria, ff. June Term, 1805.
William Riley, Complainant, Against Adam Douglass and John Thos. Vowell, Defendants, In Chancery.
The defendant Adam Douglass, not having entered his appearance and given security, according to the act of assembly, and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court, upon affidavit, that the said defendant Adam Douglass, is not an inhabitant of this district, on motion of the complainant, by his counsel, it is ordered, that the said defendant Adam Douglass, do appear here on the first day of November term next, and enter his appearance to the suit, and give security for performing the decrees of the court, and that the other defendants, John and Thomas Vowell, do not pay away, convey, or secrete the debts by him owing to, or the estate, or effects in their hands, belonging to the said absent defendant Adam Douglass, until the further order or decree of the court, and that a copy of this order, be forthwith inserted, in both of the public newspapers, published in this county, for two months successively, and that another copy, be posted at the front door of the court house of said county. A Copy, TEST, G. DENEALE, c. c. August 21. 12w2m
For Sale—or to Let,
THE DWELLING HOUSE which I now occupy, on Royal-street. As I am going to remove, possession may be had the first day of August. JOSEPH SMITH. July 22. 12w
For NEW-YORK, The Schooner Venus, Burthen one thousand barrels—For freight or passage, apply to the Maker on board, or to John Tucker. August 30.
NOTICE.
A Legion, of the MILITIA of the District of Columbia, will be held at the Court-House in Alexandria, on Wednesday the 4th September next, at 10 o'clock in the forenoon, for the purpose of hearing appeals; and for the performance of other duties required by law. By order of the Lieut. Col. Comdt. Philip Triplett, Adjutant. August 30.
PUBLIC NOTICE.
THE Trustees of the town of Providence, having thought it expedient to postpone the Sale of the several LOTS in the said town advertised for sale on this day, until MONDAY the 21st day of October next—Notice thereof is given, That the said Trustees will, on that day, proceed to expose to PUBLIC SALE, on ready money, the several LOTS in the said town, agreeable to the act of assembly establishing the same. Charles Little, W. Payne, Richard Fitzhugh, H. Gunnel, jun. Wm. Middleton, Daniel McChichester, Francis Coffer, Daniel Lewis, John C. Hunter. MONDAY, the 19th day of August, 1805. (29)
Run away from the subscriber, in March, a NEGRO MAN, named DICK, ABOUT 6 feet high, 40 years of age, fleader make, his right hand twisted, occasioned by a hurt; one of his ankles swelled, which causes him to limp when walking; was formerly the property of Mrs. Burch, on the Capitol Hill, City of Washington. To any person who will take up said Negro and secure him in jail, I will give Ten Dollars; if taken up 20 miles from home and brought to me, Ten Dollars and all reasonable charges, and in proportion if more than 20 miles—and if out of the state Thirty Dollars and all reasonable charges. John Benson. Montgomery County, near the Month of Potomac, Aug. 14.
DISTRICT of COLUMBIA,
County of Alexandria, ff. June Term, 1805.
Ferdinand Marteller and John Young, trading under the firm of Marteller & Young, Complainants, against Samuel Croudson, and Co. and John Tucker, the Chairman of the Marine Insurance Association of the town of Alexandria, Defendants, In Chancery.
The said defendants Samuel Croudson and Co. not having entered their appearance and given security, according to the act of assembly, and the rules of this court, and it appearing to the satisfaction of the court, upon affidavit, that the said defendants Samuel Croudson and Co. are not inhabitants of this district, on motion of the complainants by their counsel, it is ordered, that the said defendants, Samuel Croudson, and Co. do appear here, on the first day of November term next, and enter their appearance to the suit, and give security for performing the decrees of the court, and that the other defendant, John Tucker, Chairman of the Marine Insurance Association of Alexandria, do not pay away, convey or secrete, the debts by him owing to, or the estate or effects, in his hands belonging to the said absent defendants, Samuel Croudson and Co. until the further order or decree of the court, and that a copy of this order, be forthwith inserted for two months successively, in both of the public newspapers published in this county, and that another copy be posted at the front door of the court house of said county. A Copy, TEST, G. DENEALE, c. c. August 21. 12w2m
Just Published, And for Sale by Cotton & Stewart, A Key to Mystery of Iniquity OR AN Address to Men of Candor and lovers of Truth. By JOHN WEST, Of Fairfax County. This work contains a compendium ecclesiastical history, accompanied with the author's reflections; proving modern episcopacy to be tyrannous; and human legislation in the Church to be usurpation, &c. &c. May 3.
PRINTED DAILY, BY S. SNOWDEN.