The national intelligencer and Washington advertiser. (Washington City [D.C.]), 1804-09-19 00:00:00

NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER, AND WASHINGTON ADVERTISER.
Vol. IV. WASHINGTON CITY, PRINTED BY SAMUEL HARRISON SMITH, PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE. DCXVII.
FIVE DOLLS. PER ANN. WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 19th, 1804. PAID IN ADVANCE.
FOR THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER
Observations on the new Bank of Potomac, &c.
MR. SMITH,
By the perusal of observations in a candid, ingenious, and fully satisfactory reply (signed Mercator ) to an injudicious attack on the new Bank of Potomac, I apprehend that the sensible writer is impressed that the attack in question was written in this city, and dictated rather by a sordid or malevolent local prejudice, than by any fair or justifiable view whatever. This opinion is certainly natural from the whole tenor of the attack, therefore I pray you to acquit, if you can, the citizens of Washington, from the just censure attached to its author. It is indeed high time for the inhabitants of Columbia to regard their interests as one; such an union of sentiment would soon greatly add to the number of their friends, in Congress, and throughout the union. It would inevitably contribute much more to our general prosperity, than all we can do under the baleful influence of opposition to the views of our neighbors, which are ever retorted with interest against our own disjointed and consequently vain, and futile efforts for individual advantage. To our disunion, and to the disrespectful manner in which the inhabitants at different ends of the district, have too frequently spoken of each other and of the local character of the several parts merely for their being a title removed from their own particular choice, do I charge the neglect paid to the whole, by Congress and by strangers, who often would have settled among us, had we been more united, and more liberally disposed to our neighbors, and in our wills and expressions for the general happiness and prosperity of the whole territory. From this digression, I now return to a view of the Bank of Potomac, although I have no immediate interest therein. I could easily demonstrate that it will prove highly beneficial both to Alexandria, and to the whole district, and therefore gave my opinion in its favor, from the time it was first proposed.—Because I am fully convinced, that since the late increase of banks in all our principal towns, our territory has not a due proportion of banking capital, in comparison, and in natural competition with its commercial rivals.
I trust it is now universally known, that the invariable and only effects of the American banking system as it has been hitherto happily practised with astonishing success, have been almost immediately to extend the commercial and mechanical operations of every eligible place where these institutions have been formed, and finally, on account of the great profits attached to the stock, and realised in semi annual dividends, to draw foreign capital for the purpose thereof, and often at an advanced premium, a clear gain to the community.
Messieurs, by being the first to understand the highly beneficial effects, to be derived from this important source, has applied to it most liberally, and this formerly impoverished state (witness their inability to pay the taxes that excited the insurrection of Shays) has suddenly risen to a pitch of wealth and affluence, incredible to those who have not recently seen with their own eyes, the facts I cannot fully represent. All the requisite arts and manufactures, and agriculture, in consequence flourish in this state beyond all belief; their shipping covers the ocean, and they will soon scarce know what to do with their immense surplus wealth, for their industry increases with the increase of their riches. And yet jealousy, and mean miserly views, have even in that liberal state sometimes produced a sordid opposition to the new banks, by the stock holders of the old, and by a few obstinate theorists, who never would be convinced of their errors, though one rose from the dead. This I witnessed when on a return from a visit to Europe, where I obtained full conviction that it was the banking system that acted as the main spring to all the other advantages they possessed, and that enabled them to hold us in a kind of commercial vassalage—I then and there determined on my return home, to promote by all my exertions the adoption of their best plans, improved, if possible, and better adapted to our own country. I began with the state or union bank of Massachusetts, which chiefly by the aid of Judge Tuck, and P. Morton, Esq. was easily and happily for the state, effected in a short time. I then with the same views having no local ties whatever, but my love for the union, went to Philadelphia, where I founded the first insurance company, and by sending copies to the other
principal towns of the union, my original plan has been everywhere adopted, till there is now a saving of more than 5 millions per annum, which would otherwise have been paid in tributary premiums for insurance, to Europe annually. I am sorry to add, that in both these which I hoped were purely patriotic attempts to promote the general weal of my country, I met with much opposition at the time.
Sometimes from idle theorists, but more from those who having tasted the sweets of 10 and 12 per cents from the few existing banks, the stock of which they had completely monopolized, and thereby always carefully concealing, or striving to conceal their true reasons, they tried to alarm the state governments in their favor, and to make these believe that it was neither the interest of the state nor of individuals to discriminate, and to ameliorate the dear principle which they hoped for ever to monopolize. These people called a few of my active friends who had been impressed with my sentiments and views, vain and visionary speculators, while they garbled extracts from several mere theoretical books, (for it is a remarkable fact, that no practical gentleman has ever yet written on the subject of banking) to excite an alarm in their favor, but, to the honor of our legislatures, all these selfish attempts except that against the merchants bank at New-York, have been hitherto defeated by the light of reason, and the aversion to all monopoly that happily exists in our rising and flourishing country. When chiefly by the aid of Mr. Stoddert and Governor Johnstone, of Frederick-town, I first established the bank of Columbia, it had few opponents, and those merely from the novelty of the subject, but it in a short time displaced others, owing to the bank loans being made in a way foreign to the true intent and interest of a bank, that should ever divide and extend its favors as far as it can with safety, chiefly in aid of the commercial and principal mechanical interests of the town its seat and its vicinity. From these points, the benefits naturally reach the agricultural and other interests of the community, through the proper channels of regular trade and commerce, but of this the directors of the bank of Columbia are now fully apprised, and in consequence no bank in the union is more beneficially employed, or in higher general estimation. I have much against my nature been forced into personal observations, and to a repetition of well known facts, from having recently seen the word speculator most injudiciously attached to my name in a public print.—To this I answer, that it to have done much to transplant or to promote all the beneficial arts, I found in Europe, to my dear native country, to promote the independence of which I took the field in the year '75, and after being wounded, continued as long in the service as my health would permit. If to promote banks, insurance companies, turnpike roads, bridges, canals, and the best arts and manufactures of the old world be speculating ; I am guilty, and shall continue so while I can wield a pen; but not of acquiring any wealth from these sources, for it had always been my intention, if I had not suffered the loss of at least three-fourths of my property, by the voluntary responsibility I took for the credits given to promote a lottery for the improvement of the Federal City, and my chief favorite a National University; according hereto, with the views of Washington, as they are portrayed in his last will. If it had not been for this accident, it was my intention to have given all I might acquire from these sources, to the endowment fund of this University. Of this design, my friends were all informed long since, and therefore, I am sorry that I am obliged, in my defence, to mention the circumstance, which I do merely to save my reputation from a charge I abhor, as I have always believed that bread and water through life, would be preferable to the great luxuries in affluence, if acquired by any unmeritorious action whatever. Hence I have never yet given a single individual a cent to say, he has suffered by any pecuniary transaction whatever with me.—By the unsuccessful lottery intended for the improvement of the city, some have been disappointed in their hopes, but as I never received the money for the tickets sold, they being sold, as far as the narrow sale extended, on a credit. I alone am the real sufferer. I have fully paid most of the prizes, and have, I hope enough to pay the residue, though no one has been so good as to pay me for the tickets they took on credit, and sold for money, which they put in their own pockets.
These facts, I unfortunately am obliged to mention, but I yet hope I shall not be forced to publish the names of the able and therefore willful delinquents; the unfortunate who are many in number that cannot pay me, I excuse of course; I repeat again that it is my intention to continue in future the further promotion of such institutions as I have mentioned. And now should a natural question arise, with those who have not time to consider the facts on which an answer should depend, viz. Under what circumstances and to what extent, may the banking principle be promoted? I answer concisely, till I have time to be more explicit , wherever there are 4000 inhabitants eligibly situated in a compact town with commercial and mechanical habits, a bank will prove a very great convenience indeed. By a deposit therewith, there is safety from robbery and also a great saving in time between the drawing a check and counting the specie, examining, and searching for counterfeits, in the large sums frequently to be received and paid in all commercial intercourse. The advantages of a bank are almost incalculable. If we add, that foreign capital for the purchase of the stock has always followed a well conducted bank, and in America we have no other but well conducted banks improved in their excellent modes of management upon those of all Europe, I speak experimentally, having myself been a bank director as well as a bank maker, there is no danger whatever of the failure of any bank conducted on our present practice from which there can be now no inducement whatever to vary. With respect to their number, they never will increase after those in existence become so numerous, as to divide instead of 8 to 10 per cent. less than seven per cent. after this no new subscription would fill, therefore, the principle carries with it its own corrective.
An ignorance of the effect at the time, occasions the exclusive monopolizing clause in the constitution of the bank of the United States. Congress seeing now that foreigners by holding almost the whole of this bank, are benefited against the principles of equality which we cherish in other commercial regulations for the general benefit of our fellow citizens, they will therefore repeal the injurious clause in any application for the renewal of a charter now nearly expired; they will then grant the same privileges, not only to the bank of Potomac, but to several others I hope to see instituted in the territory of Columbia in due time. We have now about 39,000,000 of banking capital in the United States; England alone has (including country banks) above 600,000,000 of dollars of banking capital. To equal her beneficial experience, we might for six millions of people if more compactly situated, carry our banking capital to at least seven times its present sum and to the same advantage.
If this outline should throw any light on the subject of banking I shall be highly gratified, and hope I shall be excused for the abrupt manner in which I have been obliged to speak of myself, as from my ardent views for the benefit of the National University, it is impossible I should leave any thing to my numerous family but a name; I pray I may be allowed without offence, to defend this from the unfounded and unprovoked attacks of any individual whatever. This, sir, and your patience is all the favors I have to ask of you and of my other respected fellow citizens.
SAMUEL BLODGET.
N. B. The Stock-holders in the WASHINGTON ASSOCIATION are respectfully informed that the number of subscribers are now increased to more than 800 and that the institution will soon be in full operation.
NEW Store.
BY WHOLESALE AND RETAIL.
The subscriber informs the public that he has commenced business in the house formerly occupied by
MR. QUINN, F. Brevet;
And has on hand, a general assortment of dry goods, Groceries, wines and spirituous liquors.
Porter, Hardware and Cutlery, Queenware, China and Glass, Flour, Corn, and Corn-meal, Oats, and Chopped rye, Candles and Soap by the box, Country whiskey by the barrel, and a few casks of genuine old Irish whiskey, All of which he will sell low for cash or country produce.
The HIGHEST prices, given for country produce, CASH.
FRANCIS CLARK.
Aug. 29.—wtf.
BARON HUMBOLDT.
From the "Literary Magazine, and American Register."
ORIGINAL COMMUNICATION.
[Concluded.]
From the village of Carthago, in the valley of Cauca, they followed the course of the Choco, the country of Platina, which was there found in round pieces of basalt and green rock, (resembling of Werner) and fossil wood. They pass by Buga to Popayan, a bishop's see, and situated near the volcanoes of Sotara and Purace, a most picturesque situation, and enjoying the most delicious climate in the world, the thermometer of Reamur keeping constantly from 16 to 18 (68 to 72 Fahr.) They ascended to the crater of the volcano of Purace, whose mouth, in the middle of snow, throws out vapours of sulphureous hydrogene, with continued and frightful rumblings.
From Popayan they passed by the dangerous defiles of Almaguer, avoiding the infected and contagious valley of Patia, to Pollo, and from this town, even now situated at the foot of a burning volcano, by Tuqueras and the provinces of Pasto, a flat portion of country, fertile in European grain, but elevated more than 1500 to 1600 toises above the towns of Ibarra and Quito.
They arrived in January, 1802, at this beautiful capital, celebrated by the labours of the illustrious Condamine, of Bouguer, Godin, Don George Juan, Ulloa, and still more celebrated by the great amiability of its inhabitants, and their happy turn for the arts.
They remained nearly a year in the kingdom of Quito; the height of its snow capped mountains, its terrible earthquakes, that of February 7, 1797, swallowed up 42,000 inhabitants, in a few seconds, its fertility, and the manners of its inhabitants, combine to render it the most interesting spot in the universe. After three vain attempts, they twice succeeded in ascending to the crater of the volcano of Pichincha, taking with them electrometers, barometers and hydrometers. Condamine could only stop here a few minutes, and that without instruments. In his time, this immense crater was cold and filled with snow. Our travellers found it inflamed; distilling information for the town of Quito, which is distant from it only 5000 to 6000 toises.
They made separate visits to the snowy and porphyritic mountains of Antisana, Cotopaxi, Tungarague and Chimborazo, the last the highest point of our globe. They studied the geological part of the Cordillera of the Andes, on which subject nothing has been published in Europe, mineralogy, if the expression may be used, having been created since the time of Condamine. The geodetical measurements proved that some mountains, particularly the volcano of Tungarague, has considerably lowered since 1750, which result agrees with the observations made to them by the inhabitants.
During the whole of this part of the journey, they were accompanied by Mr. Charles Montufar, son of the marquis of Selva-allegre, of Quito, a person zealous for the progress of science, and who is, at his own expense, rebuilding the pyramids of Saragui, the extremity of the celebrated bases of the triangles of the Spanish and French academicians. This interesting young man having followed Mr. Humboldt in the remainder of his journey through Peru and the kingdom of New Spain, is now on his passage with him to Europe.
Circumstances were so favorable to the effects of the three travellers, that at Antisana they ascended 2200 French feet, and at Chimborazo, on June 22, 1802, nearly 3200 feet higher than Condamine was able to carry his instruments. They ascended to 3036 toises elevation above the level of the sea, the blood starting from their eyes, lips and gums. An opening of 80 toises deep, and very wide, prevented them from reaching the top, from which they were only distant 134 toises.
It was at Quito that Mr. Humboldt received a letter from the National Institute of France, informing him that Captain Baudin had proceeded by the Cape of Good Hope, and that there was no longer any hope of joining him.
After having examined the country overturned by the earthquake of Riobamba, in 1797, they passed by the Andes of Assay to Guayaquil. The desire of comparing the Chinchonas discovered by Mr. Mutis, at Santa Fe de Bogota, and with those of Popayan, and the culpa and cupa of New Andalusia, of the river Caroni, named falsely cor-
tex Angustura, with the Chinchonas of Loza and Peru, they preferred deviating from the beaten track from Guayaquil to Lima: but they passed with immense difficulties in the carriage of their instruments and collections, by the forest (paramo) of Saragura to Loza, and from thence to the province of Saen de Bracamoros. They had to cross thirty-five times, two days, the river Guanca-bamba, so dangerous for its sudden freshes. They saw the ruins of the superb Inga road comparable to the finest roads in France, and which went upon the ridge of the Andes from Casco to the Assay, accommodated with fountains and taverns.
They descended the river Chamaya, which led them into that of the Amazones, and they navigated this last river down to the cataracts of Tome-penda, one of the most fertile, but one of the hottest climates of the habitable globe. From the Amazone river they returned to the south east by the Cordillera of the Andes to Montar, where they found they had passed the magnetic equator, the inclination being 0, although at seven degrees of south latitude. They visited the mines of Hualgayes, where native silver is found at the height of 2000 toises. Some of the veins of these mines contain petrified shells, and which, with those of Pasco and Huantajoyo, are actually the richest of Peru. From Caxamarca they descended to Truxillo, in the neighbourhood of which are found the ruins of the immense Peruvian city, Mansiche.
It was on this western descent of the Andes that the three voyagers, for the first time, had the pleasure of seeing the Pacific Ocean. They followed its barren sides, formerly watered by the canals of the Yngas at Santa Guerma, and Lima. They remained some months in this interesting capital of Peru, of which the inhabitants are distinguished by the vivacity of their genius, and the liberality of their ideas.
Mr. Humboldt had the good fortune to observe the end of the passages of Mercury over the sun's disc, in the port of Callao. He was astonished to find, at such a distance from Europe, the most recent productions in chemistry, mathematics, and medicine; and he found great activity of mind in the inhabitants, who, in a climate where it never either rains or thunders, have been falsely accused of indolence.
From Lima our travellers passed by sea to Guayaquil, situated on the brink of a river, where the growth of the palm tree is beautiful beyond description. They every moment heard the rumbling of the volcano of Cotopaxi, which made an alarming explosion on the 6th of January, 1803. They immediately set off to visit it a second time, when the unexpected intelligence of the speedy departure of the frigate Atalanta determined them to return, after being seven days exposed to the dreadful attacks of the muquitos of Baboyoa and Ujibar.
They had a fortunate passage, by the Pacific Ocean, to Acapulco, the western port of the kingdom of New Spain famous for the beauty of its harbour, which appears to have been formed by earthquakes, for the misery of its inhabitants, and for its climate, which is equally hot and unhealthy.
Mr. Humboldt had originally the intention to remain only a few months in Mexico, and to hasten his return to Europe; his voyage had already been too much protracted, his instruments, particularly the chronometers, began to be out of order, and every effort that he made to have new ones sent to him proved of no avail; add to this consideration, that the progress of science is so rapid in Europe, that, in a journey that till four or five years, great risk is run of contemplating the different phenomena under aspects, which are no longer interesting at the moment of publishing the result of your labours. Mr. Humboldt hoped to be in France in August or September, 1803, but the attractions of a country, so beautiful and so varied, as is that of the kingdom of New Spain, the great hospitality of its inhabitants, and the fear of the yellow fever so fatal, from June to November, for those who come from the mountainous parts of the country, led him to stay a year in this kingdom.
Our travellers ascended from Acapulco to Talpa, celebrated for its mines, as interesting as they are ancient. They rise, by small degrees, from the ardent valley of Mexico and Papagayo, where the thermometer of Reamur stands in the shade, constantly from 23 to 31 (95 to 101 Fahr.) in a region 6 or 700 toises above the level of the sea, where you find the oaks, the pines, and the fougere

(fieri) as large as trees, and where the European grains are cultivated. They passed by Talco, by Cuerna Vaca, to the capital of Mexico. This city of 150,000 inhabitants, is placed upon the ancient site of Texcuchitlan, between the lakes of Tzcuco and Xochimilco lakes which have lessened somewhat since the Spaniards have opened the canal of Huehuetoca, in sight of two snow-capped mountains, of which one, Popocatepetl, is even now an active volcano, surrounded by a great number of walks, shaded with trees, and by Indian villages.
This capital of Mexico, situated 1160 toises above the sea, in a mild and temperate climate may doubtless be compared to some of the finest towns in Europe. Great scientific establishments, such as the Academy of Painting, Sculpture, and Engraving, the College of Mines, (owing to the liberality of the Company of Miners of Mexico), and the Botanic Garden, are institutions which do honour to the government which has created them.
After remaining some months in the valley of Mexico, and after fixing the longitude of the capital, which had been laid down by an error of nearly two degrees, our travellers visited the mines of Moran and Real del Monte, and the Cerro de Oyamel, where the ancient Mexicans had the manufacture of knives made of the obsidian stone. They soon after passed by Queretaro and Salamanca to Guanaxato, a town of fifty thousand inhabitants, and celebrated for its mines, more rich than those of Potosi have ever been. The mine of the count of Valenciana, which is 1840 French feet perpendicular depth, is the deepest and richest mine of the universe. This mine alone gives to its proprietor nearly six hundred thousand dollars annual and constant profit.
From Guanaxato they returned by the valley of St. Jago to Valladolid, in the ancient kingdom of Michuacan, one of the most fertile and charming provinces of the kingdom. They descended from Pascurao towards the coast of the Pacific Ocean to the plains of Serullo, where, in 1759, in one night, a volcano rose from the level, surrounded by two thousand small mounds, from whence smoke still continues to issue. They arrived almost to the bottom of the crater of the great volcano of Serullo of which they analyzed the air, and found it strongly impregnated with carbonic acid. They returned to Mexico by the valley of Toluca, and visited the volcano, to the highest point of which they ascended, 14,400 French feet above the level of the sea.
In the months of January and February, 1804, they pursued their researches, on the eastern descent of the Cordilleras they measured the mountains Novados de la Puebla Popocatepetl, Iztzilutle, the great peak of Grizaba, and the Cerro de Petrore; upon the top of the last Mr. Humboldt observed the meridian height of the sun. In fine, after some residence at Xalappa, they embarked at Vera Cruz, for the Havannah. They resumed the collections they had left there in 1801, and by the way of Philadelphia, embarked for France, in July, 1804, after six years absence and labors. A collection of 6000 different species of plants (of which a great part are new) and numerous mineralogical, astronomical, chemical, and moral observations, have been the result of this expedition. Mr. Humboldt gives highest praise to the liberal protection granted to his researches by the Spanish government.
Baron Humboldt was born in Prussia, on the 14th of September, 1769.
*Vomito prieto.
FROM THE AURORA.
SPANISH AGGRESSIONS!
No. II.
The Political Register of the 4th inst. contains an article (professedly!) from a merchant at Madrid, dated July 16, 1804, which we think it our duty to copy, that our remarks thereupon may be perfectly understood.
WAR WITH SPAIN INEVITABLE.
The following communication is received by a merchant of this city from a source upon which perfect reliance may be placed:
Madrid, July 6, 1804.
The application of the American minister on the subject of the Convention, has at length drawn from this court the following propositions, upon the acceptance of which only will that instrument be ratified:
1. That the time be allowed to give notice to their subjects of the Convention, which has not yet been done, as they considered the business totally abandoned by the American government.
2. That the article relating to prizes, carried into Spanish ports by French cruisers be totally expunged, and all claims upon the Spanish government, on that account, be for ever relinquished.
3. That the act of the United States, authorizing the president to establish one or more ports on the river Mobile be immediately repealed.
After a proper remonstrance by the American minister, on this subject, he demanded his passports, and will actually depart from hence in the course of the ensuing week.
It is expected too that all the Americans will be obliged to leave this place in a few days.
Nothing of course but war is spoken of. Nevertheless Mr. Yrujo, is entrusted with full powers, and it may happen that what could not be obtained here, will be granted at Washington.
The people of this country are apt to treat with contempt any opposition on the part of the United States, as they have (from your side) such information as leads them to believe that America is only a great merchant who calculates upon the probable loss or gain by a war or peace, and will determine as the balance of interest may preponderate, without regard to national honor.
The three last paragraphs of this article we look upon only as a blind. The whole article is easily understood—the source from whence it comes cannot be mistaken—and the sapient Major Jackson is made the instrument of this piece of diplomatic skill. His malice towards the executive, has caused him to be used—and the object is to obtain as far as practicable a diversion of party in favor of the measures which the Spanish court may have directed her agents to pursue.
There can be no doubt of the good wishes of the Spanish ambassador towards our government; but at the same time, it is very well understood (and it is to his honor) that his most ardent feelings are embarked in the duties of his function.
So far then as these can arise advantage to a negotiation from the intelligence and uprightness of the Spanish minister here, every thing stands as it should do.
We shall therefore take the article to be authentic, as it appears in the Register—we shall consider it as if communicated "from a source upon which perfect reliance may be placed."
It appears then that the assertions cast out by Major Jackson and others on our minister at the court of Madrid are unfounded; for it appears that he has not neglected the interests of his country, nor have his efforts been limited to "a single effort—an abortive convention." It appears that (beside other matters which are withheld) he has pressed the concerns of his country with zeal, and resented the wrong with dignity. He has pressed a reparation for wrongs—and when equivocation has been substituted for the usual magnanimity of Spain, he has delivered his ultimatum. These we apprehend are the facts.
We suspect that the propositions have been the cause of his ultimatum.
From the terms of the third article of the convention, of which we gave an abstract in a preceding number it appears to us that the first proposition is in the extreme of absurdity—for the article says that "the commissioners shall meet at Madrid, where, within the term of 18 months (to be reckoned from the day on which they assemble) they shall receive all claims, &c."
Now eighteen months alone would be sufficient to convey and receive information from any part of the Spanish colonies; and before the meeting six months would expire at least in addition thereto, so that if the propositions are authentic, as we are willing to believe, the government of Spain must be intent not only to deny its justice for the pill, but to commit wanton and aggravated aggression.
The second proposition partakes of the same character; it has reference to the sixth article of the convention.
This article is of the declaratory character, by which it is provided that neither the demand of compensation on one hand, nor the omission to demand on the other, shall be considered as invalidating nor recognising claims which may thereafter be made and discussed.
Here was a liberal suspension of claims, which Spain might postpone to a period more favorable to her views of justice; when she might obtain from France a compensation for the loss to which she was exposed by the abuse of French cruisers and agents. But to this liberality it seems the court of Spain is not disposed to listen—and the only reason for such gross conduct we are informed is, that "our relations are changed with Spain since the acquisition of Louisiana."
How are our relations changed? The territory did not belong to Spain! How are our relations changed? Justice and reparation have not been done for the insults committed by the Spanish intendant!—How are our relations changed? Spain has not made reparation for the aggression committed by her cruisers! Is it because her agents or subjects have done us wrong, and we have relied upon Spanish magnanimity. According to a federal member of the Senate—"Spain has ranked high for good faith, and in my opinion higher than any nation in Europe. Slow to promise she has always fulfilled her agreements with honor, according to the spirit, without cavilling about the words of treaties." But it seems Spain has departed from this high character, and she has become
a caviller about words, she has called upon us to relinquish totally, a right of which we have voluntarily suspended the litigation; and she has denied as a restitution of property, and a reparation for wrong, under this disgraceful cavil.
But the third proposition contains perhaps the point of the enigm—and in the same spirit it demands that to be undone which is not done at all.
The act alluded to was passed on the 24th February last, and forms the XIII. chapter of the laws of last session, page 26. It is the act for laying duties on imports and tonnage in the territory ceded by France.
To repeal this act would be to abandon the whole of the revenue law of the United States now established in that territory; a circumstance that proves the proposition to be very improperly translated, or that the writer did not understand the force of the proposition.
(To be continued.)
FOR THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER.
TO THE PEOPLE. THE DEFENCE.
No. III.
Albert Gallatin was named Secretary of the Treasury. The duties of this station are in some respects scarcely secondary, while in others they are superior to those attached to the Department of State. By the laws establishing the office, the Secretary is required not only to superintend the collection and disbursement of the revenue, but likewise to present such new, or alterations in existing plans, as the public good requires. It will be perceived that this requires a comprehensive knowledge of the resources of the country, united with habits of close application; and in addition to this rare union of qualities a stern integrity. In a government whose chief resource depends upon trade, which itself depends upon our relative situation with the European world, it is essential that the Secretary should superadd to these attainments. A sufficient knowledge of foreign powers, to anticipate the arrangements likely to be adopted by them and their effects upon the United States. For the discharge of these high and complicated duties the President named Albert Gallatin.
This gentleman, it is well known, was born in a foreign land; but it is likewise known that the air he there inhaled was that of liberty. The republic, in whose bosom he was educated, had, for ages, been no less distinguished by the justice of its laws, than the equality of its citizens. Uncontaminated by the avaricious passions of trade, the powers of the human mind sought the proud distinctions of science and refined art. Hence this little spot not only rivalled, but surpassed the fame of those small states, which, animated by a Grecian spirit, achieved those prodigies of valor which were deemed by surrounding nations miraculous. There was, however, this difference between them. While the states of Greece exhausted their energies in invading the rights of others, the Swiss Cantons exerted theirs in defending their own. The one therefore, was as much the terror as the other was the admiration of the world.
This was the school in which Gallatin was bred. It was here, that his earliest impressions inspired him with a love of liberty, instructed him in the fundamental estimation in which a virtuous mind should hold wealth, and taught him the value of industrious habits, as the only guardians of independence and true greatness. These were the instructions that prepared the youth for usefulness. At an early period, he was animated by the feelings and views of the man—These at the age of nineteen, before he had formed any political or interested associations, offered to him the new world as a nobler sphere for those intellectual powers, of which he could not have been entirely unconscious. Perhaps, with prophetic sagacity, he pierced the dark cloud that hung over his country, and foreflew its liberty and happiness a prey to foreign violence. Be this, as it may, the first act of manhood was an exchange of his native country for the United States. Here, he was the plain, laborious, and unoffensive citizen. He successively, instructed youth, bore arms, and cultivated the soil. No man impeached the regularity of his life, his honesty or his morals. He did not live a stranger among us. He immediately became a citizen, took the oath of allegiance, and married an American wife. At this period of his life, it does not appear that any ambitious views agitated his bosom. Like those around him, he enjoyed, with contentment, peace, liberty and happiness.
His talents, however, could not be concealed. His neighbors marked them, and in the year '89, or '90, he was sent by his fellow-citizens to the Convention that formed a new Constitution for the state of Pennsylvania. It would appear, from his modesty and silence in this body, that a public station had been little in his thoughts; else he would have courted distinction by a more active participation of its duties. But
neither in the records of that body, or co-temporaneous recollection, are any traces to be found of a discharge of more than the ordinary duties of a member. His advice may have enlightened its deliberations, but if so, it was in part in privacy and silence, and manifested to swell the fame of some less unassisted legislators.
In the next, and for several succeeding years, he occupied a seat in the legislature of Pennsylvania. The period was troubled with the storms of party; and no man, not even himself, had escaped its rage. He entered the legislature, the predetermined victim of an artful and rampant majority. It was impiously sworn, that if he dared to disturb the views of the dominant faction, he should be humbled; and such was the barbarous fury of the times, that one member, no less distinguished for his federalism than his private immoralities and pugilistic powers, doomed him to an early vengeance.
He took his seat, apparently regarding the hostility that surrounded him. His principles were not the offspring of a temporising or a timid policy. The path of duty lay plainly exposed to his view; and his purpose was to pursue it. Without, therefore, making any unnecessary or ostentatious professions of his faith, or invidious reflections upon the professions of others, he delivered his opinions with a simplicity and candor that disarmed hostility; while the strength of his arguments, and the variety and appropriateness of his information insensibly and irresistibly produced a general conviction. An empty treasury, and a dilapidated state of the finances, required research and labor. He applied himself to their elucidation, with a vigor that soon dissipated the chaos in which a defaulting officer had involved them. Political attachment had united him to this officer. But with a virtue, not unworthy of the Roman school, he impeached, and ejected him from office. For this, there were those who called him cruel; but friendship had no claims on him that were not founded in virtue.
After this bright display of integrity and talent, his enemies united with his friends to raise him to the Senate of the United States; exhibiting in this act, a rare, and almost an unprecedented triumph of principle over prejudice. Here he found himself in the strong holds of federalism. That body, at that time concealed in darkness, had asserted a daring irresponsibility to public opinion. Gallatin, impressed with the power of truth and reason, did not abandon himself to an inglorious ease. Here too, however, compromising the state of affairs, he did his duty, and in the short time, during which he was a member, carried dismay into the ranks of his opponents. He did not shake the leaders of party, but he shook those honest, easy souls, who had hitherto upheld their power; and he surprised no less his friends than his enemies by actually carrying some important points. It was this alarm that dictated his exclusion from the body. It was pretended that he was not qualified to hold a seat; a majority declared the pretence valid; and he was excluded.
These unworthy measures of his opponents only served, by rendering his talents more conspicuous, to increase his popularity; and he was, at the ensuing election chosen a member of the House of Representatives of the United States. He here found a field for the display of all his powers; and he displayed them in a manner that placed their depth and variety beyond the reach of question. He opposed the adoption of the British treaty and upheld the memorable call for papers; he opposed the alien and sedition bills; he supported the enquiry into the conduct of Mr. Adams in the case of Jonathan Robbins; he opposed the prodigal expenditures of the government; and above all, he opposed the rash measures that pointed to war. On these several occasions, he was generally successful in frustrating the measures proposed by the administration. The most sanguine mind could not flatter itself with this triumph. But, what was of infinitely greater consequence, he succeeded in awakening the public mind, in illuminating it, and in eventually accomplishing the great revolution achieved in public opinion. His speeches on the above great constitutional questions were read by the nation. In diction they were perspicuous and easy of apprehension, in style temperate and exempt from all personal allusion, in argument profound, in fact various and instructive. Attacked with fury by violent partisans eager to crush him, he, on no occasion, suffered the calmness of his judgment and his respect for the body he addressed to be disturbed by the fiery abulations of the Daytons, the Harpers, and the Sedgwick of the day. He did not content himself with opposing the leading measures of the administration; like a good citizen, he gave a helping hand even to his enemies. No man in congress so well understood the principles of finance, and no one was better acquainted with the national resources and wants in all their details. He assisted the formation of correct plans, and exposed errors whose effects might
have been no less injurious to the reputation of the administration than to the welfare of his country. To him we are indebted for the existing system for the sale of public lands. Secretary Hamilton proposed opening the land office on law terms. It is believed his idea was to fill the public lands at 25 cents an acre. The effect of this plan would have been the immediate monopoly of the public lands by a few leviathan speculators, and a scene of speculation more extensive, and of course more injurious, than all the pre-existing sources of speculation taken together. Gallatin arrested this pernicious evil by obtaining the sanction of Congress to the present plan; under which the minimum price of land is fixed at two dollars an acre. By comparing the present state of things, with that which would have existed under the system of Mr. Hamilton, had it prevailed, we may form an incompetent idea of the evils that have been averted; and by estimating the gain derived from the sale of lands for two dollars, instead of twenty five cents, we shall perceive the extent of the national advantage, when we recollect that the unlocated territory of the United States is computed at five hundred millions of acres.
These are the talents, and these the services, which recommended and justified the elevation of Gallatin.
With the public career of General Dearborn, we do not profess to be intimately acquainted. We know, however, that he was a warm and efficient advocate of the revolution; that, during the whole of its vicissitudes, he was actively engaged in the councils or the armies of the country; and that he invariably sustained the character of a brave and able officer. For several years previous to the presidency of Mr. Jefferson, he was a member of the House of Representatives; in which he took a distinguished lead in all the military arrangements. He has been, without interruption, the decided whig, the firm republican, and the strenuous adversary of all invasions of liberty. Possessed of a spirit, that disdains to yield to circumstances, he never wavered in his political faith, even in the days of the greatest infatuation. But his magnanimity was tempered with a moderation that, while it asserted its own rights, left undisturbed the rights of others. Quick in his perceptions, and prompt in his decisions, he had been long considered as the man of business, and, of consequence, so far eminently qualified for the discharge of duties not admitting of delay.
The appointment of the head of the Navy department produced considerable difficulty. It was successively offered to three citizens respected for their talents; whose decision evinced the disinterestedness of their patriotism. Robert Smith was, at length named.
This citizen had distinguished himself by his talents as a lawyer and a legislator. In the city of Baltimore, the seat of great commerce and wealth, he had early gained an equal eminence with any member of the bar, and had by the reputation of talent and integrity, raised himself above the frowns of fortune. Notwithstanding, however, the laborious duties of his profession, he had, for several years, accepted a seat in the legislature of Maryland. During the greater part of this period, he was in the minority, and although the period was marked with unusual violence on the side of the dominant party, he manifested a dignity and moderation that earned the esteem even of his opponents. It is true, that this moderation was shielded by virtue, and that while he scrupulously respected the feelings of others, he compelled others to respect his own. No man, perhaps, had a more powerful agency in accomplishing the revolution in public opinion which took place about the period of the Presidential election. To powers of mind highly cultivated by study, he added habits of the closest application, with which he united manners of the greatest urbanity and politeness.
Levi Lincoln, a citizen of Massachusetts, was appointed Attorney General. This gentleman had just received an evidence of the confidence of his fellow citizens, by an election as their representative in Congress. The short period, during which he held his seat, had not admitted of a development of his talents. But he entered the body with the reputation of eminent talents. To competence, acquired by his legal labors, proved the estimation in which they were held in a state distinguished by an eminent bar. Without invidious comparison, he had long stood along side of a Parlors and a Sullivan. These qualifications for the first legal officer of the government were crowned by manners of the most simple, and a disposition on the mill that ever felt to the lot of man. The spirit of liberty and reform often inspires the heart with a capacity; in the heart of this man the purest philanthropy was mingled with the sweetest amenity.
Such was the administration, which the chief magistrate formed to the deputy of his confidence, and as worthy to guide the great departments of the Republic. On a late occasion, Mr. Nicholson, on the floor of the House

of Representatives, has pronounced this the strongest administration in the world. How far this is the award of truth, the review of the proceedings of the government, which we are about to commence will show.
It is sufficient, for our present purpose, to have sketched the characters and prominent services of the members of the cabinet when they came into office. By this inadequate delineation, it will appear that the motives which guided the President, in the selection were pure, patriotic and enlightened. There is not a better criterion of true greatness, than the nomination by the chief executive magistrate of the high officers of state; and when these officers necessarily become his confidential friends, accessible to him at all times and on all occasions, and thus become observers of his failings as well as his accomplishments, the ordeal becomes still more decisive. If he appoint men of loose morals his own virtues become questionable; and if he appoint men of feeble minds, it may be permitted to doubt his talents or patriotism; talents which can alone enable him to discern the merit of others, and patriotism which can alone impel him to divide the government with men of sense.
Mr. Jefferson composed his cabinet of men of unselected virtues, and of acknowledged talents. In this act he presented the nation with the strongest pledge of his determination to be directed by an upright policy, and to call to his aid the best talents of the country. Had he been prompted by the jealousy of a grovelling mind, he would have surrounded himself with men of moderate powers and of plastic tempers. Then he would have enjoyed the distinction of wielding the government alone; and might have governed with an absolute sway. But, above the petty ambition of tyrants, with his eye fixed on the public welfare, he called to his aid men incapable of seduction, or of sacrificing their independence.
CURIUS.
Foreign Intelligence.
PARIS July 8.
His majesty the emperor being prevented by his absence from Paris, from receiving in succession the credentials of the ambassadors and ministers who are accredited to his court, gave to each of them a private audience, on Sunday, the 19th, at the palace of the Tuileries. At ten in the morning the Cardinal Caprara, Legate of his holiness, was presented to his majesty the emperor. After divine service he was presented to her majesty the empress. After the grand parade, admiral Gravina Ambassador from his Catholic majesty, was presented to the emperor and empress; and after him Mr. Schimmelpennick, Ambassador of the Batavian republic; and the representatives of all the other states of Europe which are in amity with France, with the exception of Austria, Russia, Sweden and Portugal. The ambassadors were conducted to the palace in carriages of the emperor. The ministers came in their own carriages. Both one and the other were received with the different honors due to their rank. The emperor being seated upon his throne, with the imperial crown and sceptre upon a cushion by the side of the throne. The emperor was dressed in full imperial robes of the most brilliant embroidery. The same etiquette was observed as at the first presentation of diplomatic agents at the courts of Vienna and St. Petersburg, after the accession of a new sovereign to the throne.
Cardinal Fesch, General Daroc, Talleyrand, Berthier, Caulaincourt, and Segur, one of the counsellors of state, have been named principal officers of the palace of the emperor. M. Fleurieu, is appointed steward of the emperor's household; M. Remusat, first chamberlain; M. M. Salomons, and Cramavel, masters of the ceremonies, and to introduce the ambassadors; M. Corvisart, first physician; M. Portalis, counsellor of state, is named minister to regulate the public worship; the senator Fouche is named minister of the police; M. M. Miot, and Pictet de la Lescelle are the two new counsellors of state attached to the general office of police.
The minister of police is re-established with the same attributes that he had before his office was united to that of the Administration of justice.
M. Fontanes, president of the legislative body, is appointed commandant of the legion of honor.
July 11.
Saturday next being the 14th of July, the principal theatres will exhibit their spectacles gratis.
The following day, at six in the morning, the festival will be announced by a salute of 30 pieces of cannon.
At ten o'clock the troops will file off for the place du Carrousel, and will line the hedge up to the Invalides.
FRENCH NOBILITY.
At noon his majesty the emperor will proceed on horseback to the hotel des Invalides. He will hear mass there, and while the gospel is reading, all the members of the legion of Honor, who are at Paris, will take the oath.
The decoration of the legion of Honor, [the new French Nobility] will consist of a star, with five double rays; the centre surrounded with oak and laurel, will display the head of the emperor, with this legend "Napoleon, emperor of the French." On the other side, the French eagle holding the thunder, with the legend, "Honneur et Patrie." The decorations will be ornamented with white; in gold for the grand officers, and in silver for the legionaries. It is to be worn at the button hole, tied to a red and white ribbon. It is always to be worn. The emperor may wear either of the two stars. Arms are to be presented before the grand officers. The decoration is to be received at the same time with the diploma. When it is sent to any military officer on duty, it is to be presented in the emperor's name before the corps.
The seal is to represent on one side a spread eagle on an azure field. Above and below the escutcheon is to be the decoration of the legion of Honor. The escutcheon to be surmounted with an Imperial crown in a drapery; the hand of justice and the sceptre to be placed under the escutcheon and in the drapery. The other side will represent the Emperor sitting on his throne clothed with the Imperial robes, with this inscription "Napoleon, Emperor of the French."
THE CORONATION.
An imperial decree has just been issued; of which the following are articles:
ART. 1. The taking of the oath and the coronation of the Emperor, shall take place on the 18th Brumaire next, (Nov. 9.)
2. The solemnity will take place in the presence of the Empress, the Princes, Princesses, High Dignitaries and all the public functionaries, described by the Senatus Consultum, in the chapel of the Invalides.
3. After the solemnity, his majesty the Emperor will proceed to the Champ de Manoeuvres.
[** Then follow the articles respecting the deputations which are to assemble from every part of the empire; and the disposition for their taking the oaths of allegiance, the bestowment of flags, &c.]
General Angereau is still here, and till he repairs to his post, the expedition of which he has the command, cannot sail; he will, however, very soon go to Brest.
It is remarked that Admiral Truguet who formerly commanded the fleet at Brest, is the only one of all the commanding officers who has not voted for the assumption of the Imperial Dignity.
Moreau the day before his departure, signed a legal instrument, by which he empowers his wife and his mother-in-law, jointly, or in case of the absence of the former, the latter alone to sell his estates in France.
LONDON, JULY 16—25
We are assured that Gen. Angereau had on the 28th ult. two long conferences with Bonaparte, previous to his departure for Brest. At the last, Talleyrand, Berthier and a few senators and Ministers of state, most in the confidence of the Corsican, were present. Angereau is said to have pledged himself for the success of the landing in this country, provided the plan which he has himself projected for effecting the enterprise, be adopted without any change or alteration, and Bonaparte is stated to have acquiesced in the condition.
We are again threatened with the speedy sailing of the Brest fleet, which is stated to be completely ready for sea. The troops in that quarter, destined to embark, are ordered to hold themselves in readiness; and the Commander in chief, Angereau, was shortly expected from Paris.
Some military movements which have been suddenly ordered by government, corroborate the statement we gave yesterday, that a serious attempt is expected to be made immediately by the enemy. Mr. Addington too, in the House of Commons last night, seemed to consider the peril as impending.
Government seems fully impressed with the opinion, that the moment draws near when the enemy will hazard the experiment of invasion. The greatest activity prevails in all our ports of defence, and troops are in constant movement. The brigade of Guards at Colchester, and in that quarter, was this morning on the Thames at Gravesend, & we understand that an encampment of 20,000 men will be immediately formed at Coxheath, in order to be ready to defend the southern coast, or to embark for Ireland, as the exigency of affairs may require.
LONDON, July 16—25.
Undoubted intelligence is laid to have reached our government, that upon receiving the note respecting the Duke d'Enghien, from the Russian Minister, Bonaparte, in a climax of rage, wrote a note with his own hand to the Emperor of Russia in the most vindictive style. This was instantly dispatched; but after several hours remonstrances
from Talleyrand, another courier was despatched to stop the delivery of this Philippic. The messengers reached Petersburg on the same day, but the flaming note arriving first, had been delivered. The Emperor of Russia has ordered copies of it to be sent to every Court in Europe, and it is said to be of a most unique description.
The most likely circumstance to accelerate a rupture between Russia and France is the formal protection which, we understand by accounts from Warsaw, of the 5th inst. the Emperor Alexander has recently given to Louis XVIII. A Russian nobleman is stated to have arrived in that city with a letter written by the emperor himself, addressed to Louis XVIII. King of France and Navarre, and inviting that prince to fix his residence at Mittau, or in any other place in the Russian empire, where all the honors due to his rank, virtues, and misfortune, shall be paid to him. At the desire of the emperor of Russia, Louis XVIII. has made known to all his faithful subjects, dispersed and persecuted in different Continental states that they have a point to rally round in the Russian Empire where they will be protected, employed, & favoured. According to the same account, two new Corps of Emigrants are to be established, and taken into the Russian service, called "The Royal Legion of Honour," and "Legion of d'Enghien." The former report say, is to be under the immediate command of Louis XVIII. his royal brother, and nephews. The command of the latter will be offered to the Prince De Conde and Duke of Bourbon. Should a rupture take place between Russia and France, these Legions, are to form the advanced guard of the Russian Army, where the Royal Standard of France, the Oriflamme, will be erected, which all loyal Frenchmen, who can escape the degrading tyranny of the Corsican Adventurer, are ordered to join.
A report was generally circulated yesterday evening in the city, that a courier had arrived from St. Petersburg with dispatches for our government announcing that the Emperor of Russia had declared war against France. In addition to the infolent expressions made use of by Buonaparte, in his answer to the Russian remonstrance, it is reported he said, "it was strange that the Emperor of Russia, who was surrounded by the unpunished murderers of his father, should dare charge him with the murder of the Duke d'Enghien." All this, however, we give merely as report.
We are assured that our government has received from the Swedish minister here, a formal notification on the part of his sovereign, expressing in the most energetic language, the determination not to recognize the new title of Emperor of the French, assumed by Buonaparte. A similar communication is also stated to have been made to all foreign courts at which his Swedish Majesty has ambassadors. It is highly probable that the cabinet of Stockholm would not have pursued a line of conduct so very bold, unless fully sanctioned by the approbation of the Emperor Alexander.
Although boasts are held out of the reciprocal esteem and friendship which actuate the Grand Seignior and Emperor of the French, in consequence of the intelligence brought from Constantinople, by the Sieur Joubert, it cannot be concealed, that the influence of Russia is paramount to that of France in the Councils of the Ottoman Porte.
We have received intelligence from France as late as the 12th, and by Dutch papers as late as the 18th. Several Ambassadors and Ministers from the powers who are in complete subjection to France, have delivered in their new credentials, and acknowledged the Emperor in the name of their respective courts. We scarcely need mention that these courts are Spain, Holland, Naples, Prussia, Denmark, and some of the petty states of Germany; but Austria, Russia, Sweden, and Portugal, have as yet sent no delegates of submission.
The Elector of Baden's declaration relative to the violation of his neutrality, in the arrest of the Duke d'Enghien, was taken into consideration, by the Diet of Ratisbon, on the 21st inst. it is, as we expected, no way calculated to give umbrage to the new Emperor, and the ministers of Austria and Prussia have asked conformably to its spirit. The declaration is submitted ad referendum , and will, perhaps, never again be heard of.
The Emperor of Morocco is preparing an embassy to congratulate his brother Emperor Bonaparte, on his assuming his new title. The Moroccan Ambassador carries several fine Arabian horses, to present to Bonaparte, also two very large ostriches, which it is supposed will be highly acceptable, as they can swallow every thing that is pretentious to them.
We are happy to have it in our power to inform our readers, that a report has been received of Admiral Lincks having been beat off in an attack made by him upon our homeward-bound China fleet.
His Majesty's ship Calcutta, which is arrived at Portsmouth, from New South Wales, fell in with at sea, on the 18th June, an American ship from Batavia, the captain of which informed them,
that when she left Batavia (date not mentioned) the French Squadron, under Admiral Lincks, was at that place, having previously attacked the English China fleet, and beat off.
Lincks was much damaged, and was forced to proceed to Batavia to refit.
The Prince of Orange has at length succeeded in obtaining the final settlement of his indemnification, which is understood to be six millions, to be paid off by instalments.
WASHINGTON CITY,
WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 19.
Summary return of votes given in New Hampshire for representatives in Congress.
   Fed. Repub.     Rockingham Co. 41 towns 2112 3134   Strafford Co. 19 towns 1476 1054   Hillsborough Co. 26 towns 1593 1973   Cheshire Co. 34 towns 3033 2050   Grafton Co. 14 towns 1094 348  
Total in 134 towns 9263 8489 There remains 77 towns to be heard from.
Extract of a letter from Charleston, dated Sept. 5d, 1804.
"I observe by the newspapers that our City is represented as being very unhealthy: the fact is not so, we have had a great influx of strangers, and as usual, many have fallen victims to the climate. Among the established inhabitants there is no alarm, or any increase of usual mortality."
The following gentlemen have been chosen directors of the Bank of Potomac:
 Thomas Vowell,  Jacob Hoffman,  Elisha Janney,  Guthbert Powell,  John G. Ladd,  William Hartshorne,  James Patton,  James H. Hoose,  Joseph Riddle,  James Keith, jun.  William Fitzhugh,  William Hodgson. 
LAUNCH.—The elegant United States Schooner Louisiana neatly coppered and pierced for 16 guns, was on the 9th inst. launched from Parson's ship yard, in Baltimore. She is intended to be stationed off the Mississippi, under the command of captain Joseph Newcome. The materials of which she is built, and the workmanship reflect great credit on the builder.
A new method of purifying water has lately been invented by M. Deyeux. It consists of simply collecting small pieces of charcoal, but not reduced to powder, and the water which passes through it is rapidly purified. At the School of Medicine at Paris, the experiment was made with water, in which corrupted carcasses had lain for three days; it speedily passed through the charcoal, by which it became perfectly limpid, and had neither taste nor smell.
(English paper.)
NEW-YORK, Sept. 14.
Yesterday the election for a member to represent in Congress the united districts comprehending the counties of New-York, Richmond and Kings was closed. Gurdin S. Mumford was elected. There was no federal opposition.
New York, Sept. 12.
The French still hold what is called the Spanish part of St. Domingo; with the city of that name; and the port of St. Jago. Gen. Ferrand commands in chief. He has defeated Dessalines [the black general] who lost one thousand men. Captain Cuffel, an aid de camp of general Ferrand, has lately arrived in the United States, to demand succours of M. Pichon.
Philadelphia, Sept. 13.
FROM GUADALOUPE, Aug. 22.
Extract of a letter.
"The officers of the three armed American vessels, brought into Point Petre, have been tried for piracy, in consequence of having fought their vessels, and sentenced to death! but execution is delayed until advices from France can be had on the subject."
FROM CUBA, July 1.
"Fifty American vessels, captured by French privateers, have been sent in here. —This port is now shut against all strangers. The governor has just now informed me, that he had received intelligence that the Spaniards have REPURCHASED the whole of LOUISIANA."
Phila. paper.
THOMAS W. PARO.
RESPECTFULLY informs the ladies and gentlemen, and the public of the city and vicinity, that he has opened store at the well corner of the Seven Buildings, where he intends to keep always a full assortment of dry and fancy goods. He imports his broad cloth and other woollens, &c. &c. himself, and buys the rest at Philadelphia, chiefly for cash—he therefore is able to sell as low as any merchant, and hopes that his reasonable terms will induce the citizens of Washington to encourage him.
City of Washington, 19th Sept. 1804—32
From the Temple of Nature by DARWIN.
MAN DESCRIBED.
"PROUD man alone in waiting weakness born; No horns protect him, and no plumes adorn; No finer powers of nostril, ear, or eye, Teach the young reasoner to pursue or fly. Nerved with fine touch, above the bestial throng, The hand, first gift of Heaven to man belongs; Untie with claws, the circling fingers close, With rival points the bending thumbs oppose, Trace the nice lines of Form with sense re-fined, And clear ideas charm the thinking mind, Whence the fine organs of the touch impart Ideal figure, force of every art, Time, motion, number, sunshine, or the form, But mark varieties in Nature's form. Slow cou'd the canent organ wander o'er The rock-built mountain and the winding shore: No apt ideas cou'd the pigmy mite, Or embyon embryo, to the touch excite; But, as each mind the solo-tay reflects, The eye's clear glass the radiant beams collects, Bends to their social point the rays that serve, And paints the diving image on the nerve; So, in some village barn, or festive hall, The sphere lens illumins the whitened wall; O'er the bright field successive figures fleet, And motley shadows dance along the sheet— Symbol of solid forms is colour'd light, And the mute language of the touch is sight, Hence, in life's portico, stands young Surprise, With step retreating, and expanded eyes; The virgin Novelty, whose radiant train Soars o'er the clouds, or flits beneath the main; With sweetly mutable seductive charms Thrills the young Sense, the tender heart alarms, Then Curiosity, with tracing hands, And meeting lips, the lines of form demands. Buoy'd on light step, o'er ocean, earth, and sky, Rolls the bright mirror of his restless eye; While in wild groupes tumultuous Passion stands, And Lust and Hunger head the motley bands; Then Love and Rage succeed, and Hope and Fear, And nameless Vices close the gloomy rear; Or young Philanthropy, with voice divine, Convoques the adoring youth to Virtue's shrine; Who, with raised eye and pointing finger leads To truths celestial and immortal deeds."
AN ACT
Providing for the establishment of semi-annual Fairs.
BE it enacted by the first and Second Chambers of the City Council of Washington, That two FAIRS be held in every year within the city of Washington for the sale of all kinds of cattle, goods wares, and merchandise, on the first Wednesdays of May and November, under such regulations as the Mayor may prescribe, of which Fairs he shall make due notification.
In virtue of powers vested in me by the above act, I do hereby order and direct that the Fairs authorised thereby shall be held on the public grounds appropriated in the plan of the city of Washington for the Mall on the south side of the Tyber, extending from the Bridge at the Centre Market to the river Potomac, and that the continuance of said Fairs shall be for three days successively, viz. on the first Wednesday, Thursday and Friday in May and November.
ROBERT BRENT, Mayor. September 14—
THEATRE.
THE LAST WEEK.
At Mr. M'Laughlin's ball room George Town, by the Philadelphia and Baltimore company of Comedians. On Wednesday September the 19th 1804.
WILL BE PRESENTED THE COMEDY OF THE
POOR GENTLEMAN.
BY GEORGE COLEMAN, ESQ. To which will be added the Musical entertainment of the Children in the Wood.
The doors will be opened at 6 and the performance begin at 7 o'clock.
Price of admission one dollar.
Nights of performance—Mondays Wednesdays and Fridays.
This is to give notice,
THAT the subscriber, of Calvert County, in the State of Maryland, hath obtained from the Orphan's Court of said County, letters of Administration on the personal estate of Nathan Smith, late of the county aforesaid, deceased. All persons having claims against the said deceased, are hereby warned to exhibit the same, with the vouchers thereof, to the subscriber, at or before the tenth day of April, eighteen hundred and five—they may otherwise by law be excluded from all benefit of the said estate. Given under my hand this eighteen day of September, eighteen hundred and four.
THEODORE HODKIN, Adm'r. September 19—12w3t

County of Washington, to wit: In the District of Columbia, to wit: WHEREAS Washington Boyd, collector of the county tax, for the county of Washington has this day returned to the Board of commissioners of said county, the following List of Lands and Lots of ground in said county on which there is no personal property to pay the said taxes—to wit:
[Concluded.] BLS. CTS. 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 142 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 3 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 34 square 468 lots 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 lots 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 sq 470 lots 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 351 sq 495 sq 498 part of sq 500 part of 502 with houses thereon, part of 503 with houses thereon sq 504 with houses thereon sq 540 sq 541 sq 542 sq 543 sq 545 square 546 with houses thereon sq east of sq 546 sq 547 sq east of sq 547 sq 529 sq south of 549 sq 591 sq 592 sq 596 sq east of 596 sq 597 sq west of 597 sq west of 604 part of sq 643 part of sq 645 part of sq 995, part of 1079 lot 1 sq 1080 219 61 Owen Roberts lot 18 sq 168 with house thereon 1 2 of lot 10 sq 256 4 38 Aaron Ritenover lot 2 sq 61 69 Matthias Ritenover lots 8 10 sq 78 68 3 4 John Randall lot 15 sq 84 68 3 4 Wm. Robinson lot 20 sq 88 68 3 4 Wm. Ragan lot 13 sq 89 20 Matthew Ridley lot 4 sq 602 lot 2 sq 600 40 David Reis lot 8 sq 609 lot 8 sq 664 60 Henry Rozier lots 1 2 4 9 sq 663 lot 15 sq 665 lot 9 sq 666 1 40 Wm. Russel lots 16 17 sq 703 40 James Reid lots 5 22 sq 1077 28 Rhodes and Higdon part of lot 5 sq 118 with house thereon 60 Stoddard & Templeman part of lot 4 sq 32 lots 8 9 10 sq 42 lots 3 4 5 sq 43 lots 2 3 6 7 8 sq 44 lot 7 sq 55 lots 5 6 7 sq 56 lots 4 5 sq 61 lots 5 7 8 and part 9 sq 62 lots 3 4 5 sq 75 lots 1 2 3 6 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 66 sq 77 lots 3 10 sq 80 lots 2 2 21 sq 81 lots 6 7 and 14474 sq feet in sq 84 lot 3 sq east of sq 87 lot 13 in sq east of sq 88 lots 1 2 3 4 13 14 20 21 22 23 24 and part of 25 26 27 and 30 sq 101 lots 7 8 9 sq 102 lots 3 4 sq 102 part of lot 1 and lot 11 sq 104 lots 1 2 3 sq 119 lots 3 7 sq 124 68000 sq feet in sq 125 28000 sq feet in sq north of sq 125 lot 14 part of 15 and lots 18 20 sq 141 lot 1 sq 47 lot 6 sq 48 lots 1 2 3 sq 49 lots 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 16 17 18 sq 67 lots 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 sq 68 lots 2 3 5 20 21 sq 70 lots 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 sq 73 lots 14 15 16 sq 78 lots 1 2 5 6 18 19 23 sq 108 67 87 Charles Schell lot 8 sq 57 lot 1 sq 123 1 68 Joakim Streeves lot 9 sq 61 69 Benjamin Spiker lot 12 sq 62 69 Samuel Snowden lot 2 sq east of sq 87 Lot 2 sq 608 lot 1 sq 610 lots 1 sq 612 1 26 Hachar and Mahlon Scolfield lot 7 sq. east of sq 87 46 Amos Smith lot 3 sq 88 lot 3 sq 89 70 George Swingle lot 7 sq 88 lot 7 sq 89 64 Philip Sybert lot 23 sq 89 92 John Lyles heirs lot 5 sq 103 69 George Stricker lot 8 sq south of sq 104 75 Edward Skinner lot 12 sq 122 69 Christian Schells heirs lot sq 124 with house thereon 69 Richard Snowden lot 9 sq 142 69 Henry Stall lot 7 sq 144 69 George Small half of lot 11 sq 170 65 Jacob Snyder, Christian Flaut and Joseph Flaut lot 4 sq 461 1 7 1-2 Michael Shanks heirs part of sq 502 with house thereon 60 Sarah Slater lot 6 sq 904 lot 6 sq 599 29
John Stuarts heirs lot 8 sq 603 lot 7 sq 606 lot 2 sq 611 lot 3 sq 653 80 George Sicy lot 8 sq 608 20 Jonathan Slaters heirs lot 17 sq 608 lot 7 sq 904 33 Charles Stuart lot 11 sq 667 lot 7 sq east of 667 80 John Smith lots 3 4 5 sq 706 60 Joseph Slater part of sq 820 lots 4 5 sq 845 lots 6 7 sq 928 lot 3 sq 999 lots 2 3 sq 843 lot 9 sq 819 lots 5 and sq 840 lots 3 4 5 sq 810 2 44 Henry Slater lot 6 sq 876 21 Andrew Smith lots 6 7 20 21 sq 1077 1 86 Wm. Simmes half of lot 8 sq 737 with house thereon 33 Alex. Shaw half of lot sq 787 with house thereon 36 John H. Stare lots 17 18 sq 24 lot 7 sq 159 5 73 Nicholas Sluby lots 7 8 sq 105 1 Jacob Stiner jun. lot 14 sq 105 41 J. Strange lot 7 sq 127 33 3-4 Walter Stuart lots 3 9 10 11 sq 200 1 96 1-2 Arthur Shaaff lot 12 sq 214 32 1-2 Francis Shicard lot 1 sq 253 33 Evan Thomas lot 5 sq 662 lot 2 sq 59 89 Richard Tilghman lot 9. sq 598 lot 3 sq 660 lot 12 sq 665 lot 12 sq 666 1 Matthew Tilghman lot 11 sq 601 lot sq 708 80 James Tomkins part of sq 651 with the house thereon 1 13 1-2 James Tilghman lot 6 sq 663 lot 15 sq 703 40 Henry Tias part of sq 690 40 1-2 Ann Tarvin lot 2 sq 702 20 Edward Tilghman lot 4 sq 703 20 Thompson and Kennedy lot 29 29 1 2 Joseph Thomas lot 13 sq 785 with house thereon 40 1 4 Henry Warman lot 18 sq 81 64 1-2 Appelona Whitehair lot 10 sq 102 69 Joseph Wilson sq 103 69 Thomas Williams lot 2 sq 121 2 94 William and E. Waugh half of lot 6 sq 122 34 1-2 John Winters lot 4 sq 123 69 John C. Wilson part of lot 4 sq 142 84 1-5 Henry Walter lot 9 sq 143 44 Thomas Wand lot 13 sq 256 35 B. Wigells heirs half of lot 1 sq 57 34 1-2 William Wooten lot 16 sq 610 lot 4 sq 599 40 Baz 1 Waning lot 5 sq 599 20 James Wharton lot 10 sq 705 lot 6 sq 609 lot 9 sq 667 1 20 Ambrufe White part of sq 695 with house thereon 72 Thomas Wilson part of sq 738 with house thereon 43 3-4 John Wilson part of sq 825 with house thereon 48 Wm. Wilson part of sq 1046 part of sq 1048 1 56 Washington Association sq north of sq 137 sq 156 sq 157 sq 445 19 85 1-4 Nathan Walker and James Thomson lot 5 sq 759 51 1-2 Wm. Wilson lot 10 sq 864 (of Alex.) 50 Levin Winder lots 6 7 8 sq 218 56 1-2 David Williamson lots 6 7 sq 291 with houses thereon 4 1 Elias Youghman south of sq 104 69 Wm Yates lot 1 sq 258 with house thereon Abraham Young's heirs lots 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 sq 983 lots 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 sq 982 sq 984 lots 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 sq 1027 sq south of sq 1027 lots 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 sq 1028 lots 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 sq 1030 lots 6 7 8 9 10 sq 1031 lots 1 3 4 sq 1032 lots 1 3 8 9 13 sq 1033 lots 1 2 3 4 5 6 square North West of sq 1033 lots 1 2 3 north of sq 1035 lots 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 sq 1053 lots 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 sq 1054 lots 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 sq 1055 lots 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 sq 1057 lot 2 sq 1058 lots 1 2 12 13 14 25 16 17 18 sq 1069 lots 1 2 8 9 10 11 12 sq 1082 lots 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 sq 1083 lots 4 5 9 10 sq 1084 lots 1 2 3 4 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 sq 1095 Lots 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 sq 1094 lots 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 sq 1095 lots 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 sq 1107 lots 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 sq 1108—57 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 sq 1095 Lots 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 sq 12 13 sq 1095 lots 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 sq. 1109, Lots 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 sq 1110 lots 5
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 sq 1111 lots 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 sq 1118 lots 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 sq 1119 lots 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 sq 1120 31 51 Owners unknown lot 4 sq 56 lot 16 sq 88 lot 7 sq 598 lot 6 sq 601 lots 4 66 sq 25 lot 7 sq 602 lot 2 sq 605 lots 3 5 sq 606 lot 1 sq 609 lots 7 16 sq 611 lot 11 sq 652 lot 5 sq 654 lot 2 sq 657 lot 1 sq 662 lot 8 sq 663 lot 2 sq 664 lot 2 sq east of sq 667 lot 3 sq 702 lot 2 sq 706 part of sq south of sq 996 containing 27819 sq feet.
NOTICE is hereby given, that unless the county charges aforesaid be paid to the said collector, before the first Monday in November next the said lands and lots of ground or such parts thereof as will be sufficient to pay the tax and cost thereon, will be sold to the highest bidders as the law directs. By order of the Board. JOHN MOUNTZ, Cl. Co. County of Washington, August 20.—w4t.
SALE OF HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE. PURSUANT to an order of the Orphan's court for the county of Washington will be exposed to public sale at the House of the late John Burchan deceased on Monday the 24th of September next at 10 o'clock A. M. Sundry household goods, consisting of mahogany tables, a chest of drawers, chairs, beds, beds, looking glasses, andirons, &c. The terms are six months credit for all purchases above twenty dollars by giving bond with approved security with interest from the day of sale—Sums under twenty dollars to be cash. JOHN CRAVEN, } Executors. JOS. STRETCH, } Sept. 14.—tdof
American Printed goods. Calicoes, Shawls, Pocket Handkerchiefs, &c. manufactured by the subscribers near Baltimore, and sold at No. 13 Calvert street. To remove that distrust often felt respecting new undertakings, and so prejudicial to manufacturing attempts in America, they think it proper to observe, that nothing is wanting in the business to enable good artists to perform their work here as well as in Europe. That they have these artists; that two of the partners were bred to the business in a factory of the best repute carried on by their father, & long afterwards by themselves. They trust that while foreign goods are received without a question, an unreasonable suspicion will not prevent their countrymen from giving that trial to their goods, which only can prove their value. Besides a natural doubt, they know that certain interests, national as well as individual, will suggest objections to their undertaking. They have no difficulty in saying, that work of the like kind shall be as well executed here, as in other countries. The colors capable of being fixed, will be found a permanent; the cloths perhaps better substance, and the prices lower than of the imported cottons. M'CULLOCH & LUNNUY, Baltimore, No. 13 Calvert street. Sept 17.—tf
(BY AUTHORITY.) Scheme of a Lottery. To build an Academy in the city of Richmond. Dollars. 1 Prize—last drawn ticket, having a blank to its number, 20,000 1 do. 10,000 1 do. 5,000 5 do. of 1,000 make 5,000 6 do. — 500 — 3,000 10 do. — 200 — 2,000 20 do. — 100 — 2,000 100 do. — 50 — 5,000 250 do. — 30 — 7,500 420 do. — 25 — 10,500 1,500 do. — 20 — 30,000 3,000 do. — 15 — 45,000 1 first drawn ticket after 1,000 having a blank to its number, 250 1 do. after 2,000 do. 250 1 do. do. 3,000 do. 250 1 do. do. 4,000 do. 250 1 do. do. 5,000 do. 250 1 do. do. 6,000 do. 250 1 do. do. 8,000 do. 250 1 do. do. 10,000 do. 250 1 do. do. 12,000 do. 250 1 do. do. 13,000 do. 250 1 do. do. 14,000 do. 250 5,325 prizes, 150,000 9,675 blanks, not two to a prize. 15,000 tickets at 10 dollars each, 150,000 N. B. Prizes subject to a deduction of 15 per cent. This Lottery has been authorized by the legislature of Virginia, for the laudable purposes of erecting a seminary of learning in or near the metropolis of this state. With this view, it is contemplated to raise 20,000 dolls. and 2,500 dolls. in addition, for defraying the expenses attendant on drawing the lottery. Citizens of the first respectability have been selected as trustees, and they have pledged themselves to use their utmost exertions to carry it into effect. The scheme has the advantage of giving to each adventurer a chance for some very large prizes, whilst the proportion of prizes to blanks, is so great as to invite the friends of the intended institution to partake in the lottery, with very little risk of their becoming losers. The treasurer of the state is to be appointed to receive the money for the tickets as they are sold, and to pay the amount of the prizes to the fortunate adventurers. It is believed that the above considerations will induce rapid sale of tickets, and the drawing will commence as soon as a sufficient number shall be sold to authorize it—which it is believed will be on the second Monday in December next. Richmond, March 2.—tf T Tickets to be had of Robert Pollard Doct. John Brockenbrough, jun. Wm. Price (Reg.) Samuel Pleasants, jun. and William Prichard.
A TEN THOUSAND Dollar Prize, Now to be had for the small sum of SIX dollars! SCHEME OF A Lottery for the use of THE GERMAN TRINITY CHURCH, In SIXTH STREET, PHILADELPHIA, Which will positively commence drawing at the state house in this city the fourth Monday of November next, prizes will be received in payment for such tickets as may remain for sale during the drawing, or the cash advanced for them, on allowing a small discount. From the great proportion already sold, it is expected that the tickets will soon be raised to six dollars and an half. Dollars. 1 Prize of 10 thousand dolls. 10,000 1 Three thousand 3,000 1 Two thousand 2,000 1 One thousand 1,000 4 Five hundred 2,000 10 Three hundred 3,000 20 Two hundred 4,000 35 One hundred 3,500 90 Fifty 4,500 100 Twenty 2,000 6000 Seven 42,000 1st drawn No. on the 10th day 500 1 15th 500 1 20th 500 1 25th 500 1 30th 500 1 35th 500 1 40th 1,000 1 45th 1,000 1 50th 1,000 1 55th 1,000 1 First drawn No. on the last day when there shall be only 600 tickets in the wheel, 6,000 6274 Prizes. Dollars.—90 00 Considerably less than two blanks to a prize. The prizes to be paid 30 days after the close of the drawing—Subject to a deduction of 15 per cent. Tickets for sale by