The national intelligencer and Washington advertiser. (Washington City [D.C.]), 1806-08-20 00:00:00

NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER, AND WASHINGTON ADVERTISER.
VOL. VI.
WASHINGTON CITY, PRINTED BY SAMUEL HARRISON SMITH, PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE.
No. DCCCCXIII.
FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM.
WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 20, 1806.
PAID IN ADVANCE.
National Intelligencer.
A refutation of the charge, that the measures of the administration have a greater tendency to advance the interests of the Southern than the Eastern section of the union.
(CONTINUED.)
We trust it has been made satisfactory to appear, that all the measures which have been taken by the government, for the purchase of Louisiana, the acquisition of the Floridas, the extinguishment of Indian titles, and the maintenance of a small army on the frontier, have in fact promoted the general interests of the union, the interests of one section equally with those of another, and that there is not one of them which has not amply remunerated the nation for the money expended upon it. Taking, indeed, these objects in a collective view, they constitute a vast fund of national wealth and prosperity that will scarcely be exhausted for ages; and whose ultimate benefit on the general peace and prosperity will greatly exceed the good at present derived from them. Such then is the fertility of the charges brought against the administration, of partiality to the southern states. A concise view will evince the reproach of inattention to eastern interests to be equally unfounded. It is attempted to support this charge on two grounds: first, the refusal to establish a competent naval force for the protection of commerce; and secondly, the withholding the necessary funds for fortifying the ports and harbors of the U. S. the most important of which are situated to be in the eastern and middle states.
In refutation of this charge, we contend, in the first place , that the whole union are equally interested in the protection of commerce; and, secondly , that it has been as efficiently protected under the present, as under former administrations.
If we succeed in establishing the first position, the charge may be considered as fully refuted. For if it be true that the whole union are equally interested in the protection of commerce, whatever degree of protection may be afforded, and however inadequate it may be, it is evident that the government cannot with any justice be charged with partiality, when its measures will equally operate to the prejudice of every part of the union. Its sentiments may be erroneous and its conduct unwise; but its motives must be allowed to be honest.
To decide this point it is necessary to take two views; first, which part of the union is most interested in the disposal of its surplus productions, and in obtaining a supply of articles of foreign growth; and secondly, which part of the union is most interested in the profit derived from selling the surplus of domestic production and the foreign commodities received in exchange.
To elucidate these views, it is requisite to determine the relative population of the eastern and southern sections of the union. In 1800, when the census was taken, the whole population of the U. S. was 3,885,592. It is now computed in M'Clodet's statistical table at 6,180,000. If we consider all the states to the Delaware inclusive, as constituting the eastern section, and the residue as constituting the southern section of the union, their relative numbers may be estimated as follows:
In the eastern section, 2,000,000 In the southern section, 3,200,000 Or they will stand relatively to each other as 7 to 9.
If then the surplus productions of domestic articles and the consumption of foreign articles, in each section of the union, bear this proportion, so far as this consideration goes, they are both equally interested in that trade which enables them to vend the one, and which supplies them with the other. Let us examine how far this is a fact. The luminous report of the Secretary of the Treasury enables us to do this with more precision than is usual in such views; so far as relates to the quantity of our surplus domestic productions, which is known by the extent of our exports. These are generalized into the following classes, which embrace a period of three years.
  Provisions, including vegetable food, animal food and fish, 50,850,000   Cotton, 20,820,000   Tobacco, 18,429,000   Lumber, naval stores & potashes, 13,160,000   All other articles, 8,526,000   111,785,000 
Of these cotton and tobacco are entirely the production of what we have called the southern section, and the other articles are in part produced in the southern, and in part in the eastern section.
Of these articles the following statement exhibits as accurately as the materials before us enable us to do, the portions raised in each section.
EASTERN.
  Provisions, including vegetable food, animal food, and fish, 33,900,000   Lumber, naval stores, & potashes, 8,000,000   All other articles, 3,500,000   45,400,000 
SOUTHERN.
  Cotton, 20,820,000   Tobacco, 18,429,000   Provisions, including vegetable and animal food, & fish, 16,950,000   Lumber, naval stores & potashes, 5,160,000   All other articles, 5,026,000   65,385,000 
According to the ratio of their numbers, of the total aggregate amount of exports for three years, the eastern section should have raised seven-fifteenths, making
  Dollars   And the southern eight fifteenths, making 59,621,000 
Being an excess of the latter over the former of
  7,457,000 
But, according to the foregoing statement, it appears that the southern section imports to the amount of
  66,385,000 
And the eastern to the amount of
  45,400,000 
Making an excess of 20,985,000 or 13,528,000 dollars beyond its proportion during a period of three years, or 4,509,333 dollars a year. In this degree, then, is the southern section more interested in the protection of commerce than the eastern. For, but for commerce, they would be unable to find a market for their surplus productions, or the means of supplying themselves with the foreign commodities they want.
The data for determining the relative consumption of foreign commodities by the two sections of the union are not so easily obtained. We can but form estimates. But these estimates will all prove that either the consumption of the southern country is above, or equal to its relative numbers. The habits of their citizens are more luxurious, and they have among them but few internal manufactures. On the other hand, the habits of the eastern people are comparatively frugal, & they have in their bosom extensive and flourishing manufactures. There is one circumstance that goes a great length in demonstrating the consumption of the southern country to be relatively to their numbers much beyond that of the eastern. We know that the aggregate imports are nominally greater than the exports. Though this cannot actually be the case, yet the two may be considered as about equal, from which it would seem that, upon the whole, we imported foreign goods to the full extent of our ability. If then the southern states, while their relative exports so greatly transcended those of the eastern states, consumed foreign goods only in proportion to their numbers, the inevitable effect would be, the rapid progress of the former in absolute, and their still greater progress in relative wealth; and the no less rapid declension of the latter both in absolute and relative wealth. For, as the gross amount of exports and imports equal, just in proportion to the clear gain of the southern country derived from the superiority of their exports over their imports, would be the loss of the eastern country from the inferiority of their exports to their imports. This will be best illustrated by a reference to facts. From the statements we have made it appears that the southern country exports about
  22,128,000 
If they consumed imported articles only in the ratio of their numbers, they would consume to the amount of
  19,873,000 
Leaving a balance in their favour of
  2,255,000 
The residue of the exports and imports falling to the eastern states, they would consequently consume of imported articles
  17,387,000 
And export of domestic productions
  15,134,000 
Leaving a balance against them of
  2,253,000 
We may rest satisfied that these results are correct. For if true their inevitable effect would be in a few years to convert the south into a garden, and the east into a wilderness: whereas the fact is that the eastern states are in every respect in a more flourishing situation than the southern. The truth probably is, that the seductions to the consumption of foreign goods are so great that each portion of the union consumes them in as great a degree as it has domestic productions to give in exchange for them. If this be the fact it will follow that the southern country, consuming them in the ratio of its exports, uses them to the annual amount of 22 millions. Combining then, in one view, the exports and imports, we are presented, on the foregoing data, with the following results.
The whole exports and imports amount to 75,524,000
Of these, according to their relative numbers, there ought to fall to the eastern section 34,774,000
Whereas there does in fact fall only 32,521,000
Leaving 2,253,000 Which shews the degree in which the eastern are less interested in commerce than the southern states.
Of the whole exports and imports, according to their relative numbers, there ought to fall to the southern states 39,746,000
Whereas there does in fact fall to them 42,001,000
Shewing the degree in which the southern are more interested than the eastern states in commerce.
It follows most conclusively, in this view of the subject, that the southern section is most deeply interested in commerce, and in a much higher degree than the eastern section of the union.
Such, however, is the equalizing effect of our republican institutions, as well as of the ordinances of nature, that the second view of our subject will disclose the possession by the eastern states of a countervailing benefit in the almost exclusive possession of the profit derived from selling the surplus of domestic productions, and the foreign commodities received in exchange.
The eastern section is the great carrier of the union.
The total imports may be valued at $50 millions; and the total exports at the same amount, one-half of which are foreign and the other domestic productions.
We have not before us any documents that enable us with precision to state in detail the relative tonnage of the several states; but we cannot materially err in setting down that of the eastern section at two thirds of the whole. The annual profit of a merchant is estimated at about ten per cent on his capital. He is, in general, enabled to turn this capital twice in one year, viz. if his capital be 10,000 dollars, to export to that amount and to import to the like amount every six months. This will require a capital of about 40 millions for the articles sold and received in exchange. There is to be added for the cost of the shipping, and the expense of transportation about 35 millions, making in the whole 75 millions. Two thirds of this trade belonging to the eastern section gives a balance in its favor over the southern section, of 25 millions, the mercantile profit on which at ten per cent, is two millions and a half of dollars, which is two hundred and forty five thousand dollars beyond the balance in favor of the southern section on the aggregate exports and imports.
This result, warrants us in the declaration that the two sections of the union are equally interested in the protection of commerce—for what is the sum of two hundred and forty five thousand dollars on the whole national capital of wealth and industry! It is indeed more than counterbalanced by the different situations of the southern and eastern people; the latter of whom are only interested, so far as relates to the transportation of goods, in the mercantile profit they make on their sale, while the former, so far as relates to the sale of their productions, actually lose or gain to the extent of the whole of their value.
Where then is the premium of the southern planter to neglect the protection of commerce? Can he be so great a fool as to scuttle the vessel in which he is embarked that his enemy, who is a fellow passenger, may go to the bottom though he will share a like fate? No—the truth is, that he knows and feels himself equally interested with his eastern brethren. The only difference between them is, that the one is friendly to that protection, which is pacific in its character, which is the dictate of prudence and strong good sense, and which long experience has proved to be the source of unrivalled prosperity; while the other is the advocate of a system of which war would be the inevitable offspring, and which would sacrifice the substance for the shadow. For no truth is more clear than that American commerce, for many years to come, can only flourish under the shade of the olive. Expose it to the rude onsets of barbarian violence, carry it on at the cannon's mouth, and it will either totally disappear, or impoverish those who pursue it.
(To be Continued.)
Judgement of the Chief Justice in the case of Commonwealth, vs. William Duane.
Habeas Corpus, directed to the jailer of Philadelphia to bring the body of the defendant before William Tilghman.
This case comes before me, in consequence of a habeas corpus, directed to the jailer of the city and county of Philadelphia, commanding him to bring before me the body of Wm. Duane, together with the cause of his being imprisoned—the jailer, in obedience to the writ, has produced the body of Wm. Duane, and returned, that he was detained in prison, by virtue of a warrant of commitment from the mayor of Philadelphia. This warrant recites, that Wm. Duane had been charged on the complaint of the Marquis de Casa Yrujo, made thro' the attorney general, and on the oath of William B. Hight, with having on the 19th and 21st of July last in a public newspaper called the Aurora or General Advertiser, edited by the said Wm. Duane, published certain libels on the said Marquis, and that the said Wm. Duane had been required by the said mayor, to enter into a recognizance, as well for his appearance at the next mayor's court, as for his good behavior in the mean time, which he had refused to do; and contains a commitment of Wm. Duane until he shall enter into a recognizance as aforesaid, or be delivered by due course of law.
From an examination that has been had before me, it also appears that the said Wm. Duane offered, before the mayor, to enter into a recognizance for his appearance, but refused to enter into one for his good behavior. So that the only question for my determination is, whether it is proper to insist on a recognizance for the good behavior of Wm. Duane, between this time and the next mayor's court.
In the consideration of this point, are involved principles of importance, which have agitated the feelings and divided the judgements of many persons both in this and other states of the union.
I have considered it, certainly without passion or prejudice, and with as much attention as the short time allowed for decision would admit.
Surety for good behaviour, may be considered in two points of view. It is either required after conviction of some indictable offence, in which case it forms part of the judgement of the court, and is founded on a power incident to courts of record, by the common law, or it is demanded by judges or justices of the peace, out of court, before the trial of the person charged with an offence in pursuance of authority, derived from a statute, made in the 34th year of Edward 3. It is this last kind of surety we are now to consider. The statute 34 Edward 3, authorises justices of the peace, to take surety for good behaviour of all those that are not of good fame, to the intent that the public may not be troubled by such persons. It is supposed that this statute was made to prevent the disorders which were introduced by the soldiers of Edward the third, numbers of whom, after serving in his armies in France, were discharged in England. The natural meaning of the words, "persons not of good fame," seems to be, those who by their general evil course, and habits of life had acquired a bad reputation, and were supposed to be dangerous to the community. In process of time, however, the construction of these expressions has been extended, far beyond their original meaning, and persons are now, commonly held to surety for their good behaviour, who are not generally of ill fame, but have only been charged with some particular offence. It is laid down by some ancient authors, that libellers may be held to surety for good behaviour. But, on searching the English books of reports, I find but few cases, in which courts have given their opinion on this point. The decisions of the English courts prior to our revolution, are, with some exceptions, received as authority in our courts. Now it appears from the cases before the revolution, that it was by no means an established practice, that a man, charged with a libel, should before conviction, be held to surety for his good behaviour. In the case of the king v. Shuckburg, in the year 1743.—Reported 1. Wilson, 29, the defendant was arrested by virtue of a warrant from the secretary of state, for publishing a blasphemous libel, called "Old England's Te Deum."—Upon being brought up to the court of king's bench, by habeas corpus, in order to be bailed he offered to enter into the common recognizance for his appearance. The attorney general insisted on bail for his good behaviour also. The lord chief justice said, it had often been taken both ways, and he intended to take the opinion of all the judges; he therefore, for the present, took the defendant's recognizance for his appearance only, and made him enter into a rule, to put in bail for his good behaviour if the major part of the judges should be of opinion that he ought. Nothing further appears to have been done in this case—in a marginal note of the report of it by sergeant Wil-
son, is mentioned the case of the king v. Franklin, 5. George 2d, when the same point was argued before all the judges, but they never gave any opinion. Mr. Heighmore, in his treatise on bail, published in the year 1733, cites the case of the king v. Shuckburg, and seems to consider the law as still unsettled.—It appears from these authorities that the English judges were unwilling to establish a practise, which they might have thought hostile to the genius, and spirit of the nation. Let us now examine how this matter has been considered in America.—The U. S. in general have at all times, been much alive to the liberty of the press, and the right of trial by jury; and their constitutions have shown great jealousy and sensibility on these points. In prosecutions of libels against the king, and officers of government, it has been usual in England, to prosecute by way of information; a mode of proceeding, by which the defendant is brought to his trial by a petty jury, at the instance of the attorney general, without the previous enquiry by the grand jury. The constitution of Pennsylvania has taken special care to guard against this: Grand juries are not so dispensable with, except in certain enumerated cases, of which libel is not one. It also provides, that every citizen may freely speak, write, and print, on any subject, being responsible for the abuse of that liberty. I think the counsel for the king, Duane has gone too far, in contending that our constitution absolutely prohibits the binding a man to his good behavior for a libel, before conviction. It only provides, that a man may freely speak, write and print, at his own peril, being responsible either to the public, or any individual whom he may injure. It is generally understood, and I think truly, that this provision was intended to prevent men's writings from being subject to the previous examination and control of an officer appointed by the government, as is the practice in many parts of Europe, and was once the practice in England; now, a man is bound to his good behaviour, may still publish what he pleases, and if he publishes nothing unlawful, his recognizance will not be forfeited. Indeed I consider this point as having been decided, by the supreme court, and ultimately by the high court of errors and appeals, in the case of the commonwealth, vs. Cobbet, which I shall consider more particularly presently. But altho' it has been decided that a recognizance when thus taken, is not void, yet it never has been decided within my knowledge, that it is incumbent on a judge, or, that it is prudent or proper, to call for surety of good behaviour from a person charged with a libel, before trial, and that is the point now before me. Indeed from the charge delivered by Ch. J. Shipp n. in Cobbet's case, of which my brother Judge Smith has favored me with a very accurate note, I should not suppose that the chief justice, or either of the other judges, would have thought it proper to call for this kind of surety, except under very extraordinary circumstances.—The case now before me is, attended with no extraordinary circumstance, so far as it has come to my knowledge, judicially, and I must confine myself to the evidence produced.—The mayor, who was so obliging as to favor me with an account of what passed at his office, declared that he considered the security for good behaviour, as a thing quite of course, and for that reason only, would not dispense with it. And he also declared, that he prepared the recognizance himself, in what he conceived the usual form, without the instruction or direction of the attorney general.—Now if this practice is established, two consequences will follow which certainly may be attended with great inconvenience. In the first place the justice who takes the recognizance may fix it in whatever form he pleases, and then if it would be forfeited by libel of the mildest nature, the whole penalty must be recovered, without any power in the court to mitigate the punishment according to the nature of the offence. And in the second place, the defendant may be brought to trial for a libel far as to be burdened with the forfeit of his recognizance, without the previous investigation of a grand jury. I considerate man will say, under certain circumstances, these may not be very great evils. No man can exact calculation, how far a practice of this kind, exercised by wicked and dishonest men, to which it may sometimes be may be, or even extinguish, the spirit of honest investigation, and need enquiry. And what is the occasion it?—The party complaining, a right to the protection of the law, and will receive it.—The person

enced, will be brought to his trial, and if convicted, he will be punished according to the degree of the offence: what more does public justice require? But it is said, it is necessary to prevent future libels: if libels are published, while the prosecution is depending, they will be punished, on conviction, in proportion to the obstinacy of the offender. No man abhors more than I do, the base practice of libelling. It is a crime forbidden by the laws of God and man, and of a much blacker dye than many men seem to be aware of. All classes and descriptions of men, all parties, have in their turn, lamented and suffered by the uncontrolled licentiousness of the press. I am not without hopes that the evil will be lessened, that a remedy will be found, in the honesty and good sense of a majority of the people, aided by the wholesome chastisement which courts and juries will be called on from time to time to inflict. But in order to give those punishments their full efficacy, in the community, it will be necessary in judicial proceedings, to temper firmness with liberality, never forgetting that humane principle, which, in doubtful cases, turns the scale in favor of the accused. I should have felt little difficulty in deciding the question before me, but for the case of Wm. Cobbet, cited by the attorney-general in his argument. Mr. Cobbet was, in the year 1797, bound with two sureties, in a recognizance for his good behavior, by the chief justice and present governor Mr. Kean, whose opinion has great weight with me, because I consider him as an eminent lawyer, zealously attached to the liberties of this country both civil and religious. I have not been able to obtain an accurate statement of the case of Cobbet, so far as relates to the binding of him to good behavior. Judge Smith's notes only contain an account of the action on the recognizance tried in the Supreme Court. As far however as I have heard, it differs from the present case, in some material circumstances. I have never seen the warrant against Cobbet, but I have been informed, that he was charged in it, with numerous libels against different persons, of which on his appearance before the chief justice, he avowed himself to be the author. In the present case, Duane is charged with publishing two libels, against the same person, and he has not confessed that he is the author of either. As a judge, I know nothing that is not legally proved before me. I must not act on the supposition, that the defendant has published numerous libels because there is no oath to that purpose, and by our constitution, all warrants must be grounded upon an oath or affirmation. Upon the whole, the most that can be said with regard to recognizances for good behavior, is, that they are demandable or not, at the discretion of the judge. They differ from recognizances to keep the peace, in two important features: 1. Surety for good behavior, is more extensive in its nature, than security for the peace, & can be more easily forfeited, and, therefore, should be exacted with greater caution. 2. Surety of the peace, is demandable of right, by any individual who thinks himself in danger of bodily hurt, and will make the necessary oaths; but this principle has been applied to surety for good behavior. I will not say, that there are no circumstances, in which surety for good behavior ought not to be exacted in cases of libels, before conviction; on the contrary, I have no doubt but there are occasions, on which it may be proper and necessary to insist on it. But I am of opinion that it will be most agreeable to the spirit of our constitution, and most conducive to the suppression of libels, to adopt it as a general rule, not to demand surety for good behavior before conviction. Under these impressions, I must discharge the defendant, on his entering into a recognizance for his appearance at the next mayor's court.
FROM THE BOSTON CHRONICLE. [Though the unhappy circumstances of Monday last, may be considered as obliterating all subordinate consideration, yet in justice to Mr. Austin, we are induced to republish his reply to the infamous publication of Selbridge. It was handed us after our post papers were struck off, and it only appeared in the papers circulated within the vicinity of the town. The fair ground on which the controversy was submitted to the public by Mr. Austin, will appear in a perusal of the following communication, which was written previous to any personal altercation on the subject. For the satisfaction of our distant friends we again insert it.]
If any Editor should insert Mr. Selbridge's publication, it is requested the following may have a place.] "Considering it derogatory to enter into a newspaper controversy with one T. O. Selbridge, in reply to his insolent and FALSE publication in the Boston Gazette, of this day; if any gentleman is desirous to know the FACTS on which his impertinence is founded, any information will be given by me on the subject."
"BENJAMIN AUSTIN. "Boston, Aug. 4."
TO RENT, On very low terms, FOUR convenient Two story brick DWELLING HOUSES, directly south of the Six Endings. Apply to T. H. GILLISS. Washington city, Aug. 15.
WASHINGTON CITY.
WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 20.
The case of Seleck Osborne, opposite as it is to him will, notwithstanding, be attended with some good effects. It exhibits the dignity of virtue, and talent in an admirable point of light by showing their superiority to persecution.
It forcibly contrasts the humiliation to which this malignant feeling debases those who practise it. It proves the excellence of our political institutions, which, by subdividing the nation into subordinate districts, & reposing power in distinct authorities, does not screen the manner in which this power is discharged from passing through the ordeal of national investigation, and thence receiving a more enlightened, liberal and virtuous judgement. In this case, although the punishment inflicted on Mr. Osborne cannot be mitigated or averted by an appeal to a superior tribunal, untrammelled with the local prejudices of Connecticut, yet the conduct of his oppressors is already before a higher tribunal, which, from the millions of which it is composed and from their local situation, cannot materially err. Already have the people of America pronounced judgement on the tyrant and his victim, and fixed the seal of disgrace on the former, and the crown of honor on the latter. Yes, thanks to the virtuous feelings of an enlightened nation, the persecution of federalism has already raised Seleck Osborne as high in the esteem of dispassionate men as it has debased his jailor. Indignation prevails in every section of the union at this almost unprecedented persecution, & there is displayed a virtuous purpose to lift the independent Editor of the Witness above the frowns of local enmity by a liberal subscription to his paper. This will answer two good ends. It will be, in some measure, a reward for his virtues and services; and it will operate as an incentive to his exertions by extending their sphere.
To contribute to this effect subscriptions will be received for the Witness at the office of the National Intelligencer. The price of the Witness is one dollar per annum.
Swartwout is removed from the office of marshal of the New-York district, and already the whole federal pack of Editors are in full cry against the administration. As they do not pretend to know any thing of the motives which influenced this measure, and indeed disclaim all knowledge of them, we should feel some surprise at the vehemence of their denunciation, did they not habitually condemn every measure of the government, except in the solitary case of the appointment of a federalist to office. We should not, if we possessed the materials, undertake the futile task of enlightening understandings which thus resolutely and systematically judge without knowledge. It may, however, be proper, for the satisfaction of others, to state a few facts, in doing which we too disclaim all knowledge of the particular motives that dictated the removal of Mr. Swartwout. We think it would be well, if the constitution required the executive, on removing an officer, to assign his reasons. But so long as this is neither required by the constitution, nor by usage, we cannot justly complain of silence in this or other instances. We may justly complain, if an unworthy officer is suffered to remain in office, because it operates to the injury of the public; but we have no reason to complain so long as the successor discharges his duties faithfully. This is the only point in which the nation is interested. With regard to the duties or a marshal they are multifarious; and it ought to be recollected that in the present instance the removal may be for reasons altogether distinct from those that are connected with Ogden and Smith's trial.
Now for the facts. The American Citizen has given the juries at full length summoned in the case of Miranda; from which statement it appears that the jurors were selected with studied partiality. We have indeed heard it affirmed that on the petit jury which tried the accused there was not a single democrat. Could this possibly have been the result of accident?
The accused were acquitted in the face of the strongest testimony. The pleadings of the counsel of the accused made the question a political, a party question. Every mind will draw its inferences from these facts.
We merely add the notice taken of this subject by the American Citizen. "Coceman's dilemma.—On Wednesday we republished from the United States Gazette, a Philadelphia federal paper, an article stating that the President had removed Mr. Swartwout from office, because, as a witness in court on the trial of col. Smith, he would not "accommodate his testimony on oath to the views and wishes of the administration!" This slander was republished in Parson Lewis's paper, knowing at the same time, as he did know, that it was a vile slander."
"On opening the commission of Mr. Curtenius, who is appointed Marshal in the room of Mr. Swartwout, it appears that it is dated on the fifth day of May. This is surely a sufficient refutation and exposure of the traducement of the United States Gazette. "Beaten off this ground, and accommodating himself to circumstances as they arise, Mr. Coleman has changed the mode of attack; for the administration must, at all events, be attacked."
"This excellent logician says that the commission and supercedas being dated in May, Ogden and Smith must either be tried over again, or mark the wisdom and energy of the man!—the commission is—what? Why—antedated! Bless me, how great! 'Tis equal to the high flights of Mr. If—'s genius."
"Mr. Jefferson it seems determined, in May last, to remove Mr. Swartwout from office, and a commission was accordingly made out for Mr. Curtenius. But, recollecting that the trials of Smith and Ogden were pending and that if issued the new appointment might be construed by malevolence into an attempt to influence some of the proceedings of the court, the commission was retained in the office of the department of state till the issues were known. It was then forwarded to this city. There was no formal supercedas issued. Mr. Coleman is totally ignorant as to the issuing of a supercedas. It is not the practice of the general government to issue one. Mr. Harrison might have told him so."
"Ogden and Smith are to be tried over again! Did stupidity ever before make such a remark? And why are they to be tried over again? Because the trial was a mock one? Why, says this great lawyer, who when in practice was the delight of the bar, because the commission was dated in May, and he might have added because Mr. Curtenius neither got it, nor was sworn in until August! Let Mr. Coleman tell his friends (for no one else will enquire) whether Mr. Curtenius was marshal before he received the commission and took the oath of office."
"He sees that I have taken this side of his dilemma; now I'll take the other."
"The commission is not anti-dated; I call on him to show that it is."
The federal prints are busy in the endeavour to impress the public with the belief that our affairs with Britain were in the fairest way of adjustment until the arrival of the non-importation act; since which they say they have taken a different turn. They even go so far as to advise us that difficulties have been received by the government to this effect.
That federalists should thus disclose the secrets of the cabinet is not at all surprising, since they have established their claim to being the best informed part of the community. For ourselves we lay claim to no official knowledge on this subject; but we have information derived from the most respectable private sources, that justifies us in contradicting this statement in the most unqualified terms. This information warrants the belief, that so late as the middle of June the British ministry had not indicated any indisposition to an accommodation of differences, and that the non importation act, referred to, had excited no sensation adverse to such accommodation. Let it be recollected that our latest date from England merely announces the arrival of Mr. Pinckney at Liverpool.
Could we rationally expect an adjustment before the arrival of a minister, specially charged with aiding Mr. Monroe in the negotiation, and with carrying, not merely the instructions of his government, but the sentiments of his nation? Under such circumstances Mr. Fox would naturally wait for Mr. P's arrival before he went into detail on the points of negotiation; and it is probable that Mr. Monroe, from that delicacy which is well known to be a part of his character, would abstain from urging matters to a crisis. We cannot dismiss this topic without cautioning our readers against the gross & frequent misrepresentations of federalists with regard to our foreign relations. Dispatches are unblushingly alleged to be received, without the least foundation, and their contents stated, without the least regard to truth.
HENRY INGERSOLL, whose name is in the list of prisoners taken on board Miranda's schooner, is a son of Mr. Jonathan Ingersoll of Stockbridge, in this county. He went to New York last November, to spend the winter in that city; and was among the inconsiderate young men, who rashly embarked with the Spanish adventurer. When he sailed he was under the age of 21 years. Before sailing he notified his father in a letter, that he had engaged in a hazardous secret expedition, which was "not authorised nor known by the government of the United States." He wrote again from Jacquemel in the island of St. Domingo.
Pittsfield Sun. Hartford, August 13. JOHN C. SMITH, esq. has resigned his seat in the House of Representatives of the United States.
Union, Aug. 6. Mr. THOMPSON, who is appointed to survey the route for the Federal road from the Potomac to the Ohio, arrived in this place on Tuesday evening last and proceeded next morning to the westward. The commissioners we understand are not to be out before September.
Norfolk, August 15. Captain Bayton, of the brig Jupiter, from Grenada and St. Thomas, informs us, that when he left the former island, the 23d of last month, Miranda was at Trinidad recruiting. Capt. Lewis, late of the Leander, came passenger from Baradoodo to Grenada with capt. Bayton, and was to sail for New-York in the course of June in 10 days.
Philadelphia, August 13.
NEUTRAL COMMERCE.
The following information, received from Halifax, by a letter of the 29th ult. from a source that may be relied on, is published for the information of the merchants of the U. S.
The Golden Age, loaded at Philadelphia, and was destined for Hamburg but in case that port was blockaded to proceed to Tonnington.
In the case of the Golden Age, the captors failing to establish the fact of any blockade of the Elbe having existed previous to the 16th May, the court directed restitution of the ship and such part of the cargo, as is not the produce of enemy's colonies in the West Indies, which latter is all held for further proof of property. The captors' counsel made a formidable stand on the much contested ground of this vessel being illegally employed in carrying the produce of the enemy's colonies to Europe, but the Judge in the present case overruled it, because the ship was not going to an enemy's port in Europe, and signified, that if she had been bound to an enemy's port she must have been condemned here, and that part of the goods which had been purchased in the enemy's colonies —We hope Messrs. —, will be able to produce evidence, that the colonial produce imported by themselves was purchased from their own funds, transmitting attested copies of their letters upon the subject, and accounts current, between them and the parties, who were the shippers in the W. Indies.
Raleigh, August 11.
In consequence of the act passed by Congress at their last session, to authorise the state of Tennessee to issue grants, &c. the governor of that state has lately applied to our governor for the books containing the transcripts taken from the records in the office of our Secretary of State, by the Agent of Tennessee, under the authority of the act of our General Assembly, passed in 1803, authorising that state to perfect titles, &c. Governor Alexander, we understand, declined a delivery of these books, until the Legislature of this state shall have had an opportunity of acting on the late law of Congress, which is believed, in some of its provisions, to be a direct violation of the cession act of this state.
Charleston, Aug. 4. On Saturday evening last, a little before 9 o'clock, a Lunar Rainbow was visible for upwards of 15 minutes.
From the Mercantile Advertiser.
GENERAL MIRANDA.
In a late English paper (Bell's Messenger) we find a long article on the character and views of Gen. Miranda. Our readers have been furnished with the more prominent parts of the character of this distinguished adventurer; but the following extracts, contain, we believe, a course of remark and observation, that will not be read with indifference:
"But what is the effect of the present system of government in Spain, which is decidedly arbitrary—a government, whose fundamental principle excludes all, but the privileged class, from the offices and honors of the state? What we say, is the effect of this system upon the other orders of the people? Why simply, that having nothing to look to as a reward, they have no spur to any extraordinary exertion. There is no effort in the absence of emulation, and no excellence in the absence of effort. The whole mind of the state is palsied; the great remain in indolence, because they can attain the ordinary objects of desire without exertion, and the lower classes will not toil, where their toil will not raise them from their destined obscurity."
"Such is the condition of the Spanish monarchy at this moment, with regard to the production of those eminent men whose aid it so much requires in this season of need. Will it not appear at most a paradox to say that Spain can only be preserved by a revolution? Yet it is only by this event that her latent powers can be called forth—that the dormant and not extinguished spark of her former national character can be re-animated. The season of peril and high reward will call this spirit forth. The necessity of the times will shake off those who are inferior to its demands. Rank and place—the slaves of a court or a minister—the generals of a parade—and admirals ex-officio, must then retire, and make room for men of more efficiency."
"The monopoly of Spain, and the regulation to which, in common with every other parent country, she has subjected her colonies, has long hung a heavy yoke upon the necks of the colonists. The weight of this yoke has not been alleviated by the sense of the superiority of the mother country. The colonists have not the consolation that their servitude is the tribute for their protection—as incapable of protecting as governing them, the mother country hangs a dead burthen upon her colonies. Like Anchises, in the fable, she is supported on the back of her children; but her children, unlike Aeneas, are not much pleased with the weight. In the language of the same fable, traveisted, 'they care not how soon they shuffle off the old woman.'"
"Thus is it at present, and thus has it long been with Spain and her colonies. Her claim to their monopoly must be urged upon her former services, and not upon her present protection. But it is the persuasion of the colonies that this debt of former protection has been paid off by former servitude, and that the service of protection having ceased, the colonial reditus, the monopoly and subjection, should cease
with it. In a word, that they should be no longer subject to a power, which can neither give them an intercourse of commerce to mutual advantage in peace, nor probable protection in war."
"The independence of North America gave birth to these principles—the French revolution has confirmed them. South America is now restrained within her obedience by two bars only—a very weak military force, and a militia already corrupted, being in fact but the country use."
"It was in this situation that Gen. Miranda conceived his design of effecting his favorite purpose."
"He promised Mr. Pitt that with ten thousand men he would scour South America, and effect her independence. Mr. Pitt listened to him, but there were two impediments—the state of our armies, and the positive refusal of Gen. Miranda to have any thing to do with the expedition, if he were not at least second in command. There was indeed a third—a doubt as to the policy of throwing Spain into the already overwhelming monarchy of France. If France hesitated to incorporate Spain, it was in the apprehension that England would immediately seize her colonies, if the colonies were become independent. Spain would in the same instant become a province of France."
"Gen. Miranda, however, received certain promises, which, had the late minister lived, would have been fulfilled. Mr. Pitt had a great mind. He was not to be daunted by inconsiderable dangers. We are persuaded that his views were latterly directed to Spanish America—but we cannot say that he intended to act as subordinate to the designs of Miranda."
"What has been the subsequent course of Miranda? He had a mind above servility; he accordingly adopted the singular purpose of attempting this boundless enterprise, the conquest of half a world, upon his own single resources."
Boston, August 14.
LATEST FROM EUROPE.
By the regular trading ship Packet, Captain Scott, in 41 days from Liverpool, we have received our regular files of London papers to the 1st July. From these papers it appears that negotiations for a general peace in Europe, were in active operation. Private letters from London corroborate this intelligence so far as to suggest an opinion to their correspondents that the event was not improbable. We also find that the British funds had experienced a gradual rise from the first rumors of a pacific overture; and that the latest advices from the continent tended to keep them in a state of fluctuation.
No adjustment of our affairs with Gt. B. had taken place, nor had any circumstances occurred which indicated a belief that it would take place immediately.
The London Courier of 23d June, advises, "That Mr. Windham had lunched at Dover, with despatches from M. Talleyrand, for Mr. Fox." To this article the same paper adds, "it is now we think, beyond a doubt, that a negotiation for peace is going on, and that the negotiation is carried on direct between Mr. Fox and M. Talleyrand. When they have agreed on a certain basis, each government will appoint negotiators. Perhaps Mr. W. brought the necessary passports."
Lord Yarmouth had been sent by the British government to the French court, with despatches. He arrived at Paris on the 18th June; but the tenor of his despatches was not divulged in France, nor were they publicly known in London, yet such were the pacific hopes entertained in consequence thereof, that the French funds rose one per cent.
Mr. Pinckney, the American ambassador to Gt. Britain, with his family and suite, arrived at London the 23d June last, from Liverpool.
A London paper of June 24th says, that the American funds had experienced a considerable depression for the five preceding days.
Policies were opened at Lloyd's about 25th June, giving sixty guineas to receive one hundred, if peace shall be concluded with France before January 1.
Mr. Erskine, son of the lord chancellor, is stated to have been appointed Ambassador to the American states.
An opinion is still entertained, that the dispute between Prussia and Sweden will be accommodated through the interference of Russia.
From some recent manoeuvres of the French cabinet, a war between Russia and Turkey is highly probable.
Geta still holds out; and the vigorous opposition which is made in this place, has occasioned an insurrection in the Neapolitan states which has excited considerable alarm to the French.
The evacuation of Cataro seems not to be credited in England. From this circumstance the British journalists indicate, that the business of the late warfare on the continent is not finally settled, by the contending powers engaged therein.
Mr. Fox was so much indisposed during the latter end of June, as to be unable to attend the duties of his office; and fears were entertained that he would not be able to appear in public during the sitting of Parliament.

Philadelphia, Aug. 16. Yesterday arrived ship Betsy Captain Logan , from Port of Spain , by which we have received London papers to the 24th, and Liverpool to the 26th, from which we have the following.
VIENNA, June 2.
We now know for certain, that 2000 of our troops have entered Catarr , which had been previously evacuated by the Italians . The place was afterwards surrendered to the French , agreeable to the treaty of Petersburg . Every thing that has been said in the Foreign Journals of new engagements forming by Austria , is entirely destitute of foundation. All the measures and dispositions of our court tend to peace. The only difficulty which remained is now removed by the evacuation of Catarr .
FROM THE MAIN, JUNE 10.
According to letters from the coast of Italy , the French are extremely active at Toulon and Genoa in fitting out a Flotilla for the purpose of covering the army in its passage from Naples to Sicily . Most of the English in this island are encamped in the neighbourhood of Palermo , and an English squadron, consisting of several frigates and gun-boats, cruises off the coast of Naples . Since Marshal Massena has been before Genoa in person, the besieging army has been considerably increased.
AUGSBURGH, June 5.
If we may judge from the exchange of opinions, here Negotiations of importance are carrying on between Austria and France .
BERLIN, June 7.
Meanwhile communications between Prussia and England continue to exist. M. Le Jacobi is still at London . Prussia does not wish war—and England makes it a firm condition extraordinary condition. The Baltic still remains free. Prussia has not yet her ports there against the English , and the latter commit no hostilities in that sea— Moniteur, June 19.
HAMBURGH, June 13.
The Prussian Court continues its negotiations with Sweden and England , but without affording either more or less hope of the restoration of Peace between any of the Powers at War. The last news we received from Bavaria leaves us still in uncertainty with respect to the evacuation of Germany by the French Troops.
LONDON, June 17-21.
A mail from Hamburg arrived on Thursday. It is evident that the emperor of Russia is exerting all his influence to effect a reconciliation between the courts of Stockholm and Berlin ; and there is every probability that his great influence will not be ineffectually interposed. Certain it is that the dispute between those powers has hitherto been productive of no other hostile operation than the blockade of the Prussian ports in the Baltic ; and his Prussian majesty has, on a variety of occasions, manifested a disposition to compromise the quarrel. It is reported in the German journals that the Prussian troops are about to evacuate Hanover , which territory is to be re-occupied by the French . It seems by no means improbable that his Prussian majesty may wish to retire for a time to the electorate, to obtain the suspension of those energetic measures adopted by our government against the commerce of his country; but it must be evident even to the most superficial observer, that so far from this temporary evacuation by Prussia being likely to restore the independence of the electorate to its legal sovereign, the legal sovereign, the moment the Prussian return, the whole of that country will be again inundated by French troops and in his opinion we conceive ourselves perfectly warranted from the circumstance of the corps of Angereau and Beradotte having received orders to break up and proceed thither. Rumors of a fresh alliance against France have lately prevailed at Vienna ; but these are stated in an article from that city to be unworthy of credit; and we have reason to believe they originated in an inefficient effort made by our government to induce the Austrian cabinet to enter once more the hostile field against the common enemy. A letter from Ratisbon says, that a communication is shortly expected to be made to the diet on the subject of the projected changes in the constitution of the German empire. It is reported at Hamburg that prince Joachim Murat will cede his new dominions to the now King of Holland , and is to be crowned king of Switzerland !
The Paris papers to the 15th and Dutch to the 16th inst. contain no intelligence of any importance, except a confirmation of the capture, by the British , of the island of Capri , a spot which Augustus occasionally made his residence for recreation and health; and which Tiberius disgraced by the most monstrous debaucheries. The accounts from Naples swell the force to which the garrison capitulated to 4 sail of the line and 1500 men. We have no doubt that the number is exaggerated— Capri
is a good station for watching all operations in the gulf of Naples .
If the rise in the price of the funds afforded any sure criterion by which we might judge of the proceedings of government, we should suppose that some progress has already been made in a negotiation for peace. Among the buyers at the Stock Exchange , were some of the known or reputed agents for the French houses. From this it may be inferred that they at least are persuaded some overture has been made by the French government for pacification.—The thing is not impossible; for Napoleon has obtained the complete sovereignty of the continent, and before he can execute any of his foreign projects, the interest imposed upon him by our navy must be removed by some treaty, which may lull this country into a state of false security. Whether overtures have actually been made to our government we cannot take upon us to state, but we have every reason to hope they will not be listened to, if of such a nature as to involve the honor or the safety of the country.
We understand that during lord Yarmouth's short stay in town, he had frequent interviews with Mr. Fox , at his office in Downing St. a circumstance which, in the opinion of many, gives some countenance to the reports in circulation.
In the city the opinion gains ground that a pacification is at no great distance. The funds still keep improving.
By accounts from Paris received thro' a respectable channel, we learn that the government of France has caused an idea generally to prevail in that country that England has refused to negotiate on any terms, unless an order for the immediate evacuation of Hanover by the Prussian troops, and a guarantee of the possession of Malta by the English , and of the sovereignty of the Seven Islands by Russia , were made the preliminary.
On Saturday morning last Mr. Wilbraham , an English gentleman, who we believe has been detained in France since the commencement of the war, arrived at Dover . He sailed from Boulogne on Friday evening in a flag of truce and was picked up by the Vestal frigate which was cruising at some distance from that port. He was conveyed to Dover in the galley belonging to the Vestal , and arrived in London on Saturday afternoon about 6 o'clock. It is said that he was the bearer of some dispatches from M. Talleyrand to Mr. Fox .
The rumors of peace begin to wear a more decisive aspect, and though we shall not pretend to have much information on the subject, and never shall sport with the feelings and expectations of the public, we confess we are strongly inclined to look forward to such an event with more confidence than we have hitherto entertained. We lay no stress upon the reports grounded upon the return of lord Yarmouth ; but the late unexpected arrival of another English nobleman, who is in a diplomatic situation, and whose abilities as well as experience render him a proper medium for negotiation, leads us to think that the French government are more anxious on the subject than we supposed. If this be the case, it is probable that France may be disposed to make greater concessions than might be expected after her late extraordinary successes. It must be remembered that Prussia , although she in the first instance took possession of Hanover , and proclaimed her right to it unconditionally, has since publicly announced that her occupation of that Electorate was only provisional. It will also be recollected, that the late accounts from Germany state, that Angereau's division of the French army had received orders to march towards Hanover , for the purpose of re-occupying that electorate. Our opinion on this important subject is, in some degree, strengthened by the arrival of the above mentioned gentleman. He reached Dover , we understand, within 48 hours from his departure from Paris , and such expedition can hardly be supposed to relate merely to an exchange of prisoners.
Mr. Pinckney , who has been selected by the President of the United States to enter into a discussion with the British government respecting the mutual causes of complaint subsisting between the two countries, arrived at Liverpool on Thursday. We have no doubt that there is every disposition on the part of his majesty's ministers to redress any real grievances of which the American government may have to complain; but they will not, on the other hand, we are convinced, compromise the dignity or sacrifice the interest of this country, to the clamor of a party in America , whose object evidently is to obtain from this country the most degrading concessions, or to provoke a war.
JUNE 24. We last night received Dutch papers to the 22d inst. and this morning the Hamburg mail due on Wednesday arrived. The former are filled with accounts of the arrival of their majesties the new king and queen of Holland at the Hague. They arrived there on the evening of the 17th, and took up their residence at the house in the Wood ; they were attended by a large body of Cavalry , and the road through which they passed was lined with troops, all French .
Gen. Lauriston , on taking possession of Ragusa , has published a proclamation, in which he states, that the enemies of France had too much influence in the Ragusan republic, and that Bonaparte , feeling his dignity thereby hurt, had ordered him to take possession of it; and adds, that he will keep possession of it until the Russians shall have evacuated not only Catarr , but Corfu , and the whole republic of the
Seven Islands , and until the Russian squadron shall have entirely quitted the Adriatic . The intelligence brought by the mail is more than usually uninteresting. No part of the French troops have yet evacuated Germany , nor do they show any disposition to give up Branau to the Austrians . A letter has been circulated on the continent, said to have been written by Bonaparte to the king of Bavaria , requesting him to abdicate his throne in favor of his son. We are, of course, unable to vouch for the authenticity of this letter; but if it be not genuine, the style of Bonaparte is very well imitated.
MILAN, JUNE 7.
The following proclamation, published at Ragusa , by Gen. Lauriston , explains the causes and conditions of his military operations:
"Napoleon I. Emperor of the French & King of Italy, &c." The many concessions made to the enemies of France , had placed the Republic of Ragusa in a state of hostility, so much the more dangerous as it was carried on under the appearance of friends in and neutrality. The entrance of the French troops into Dalmatia , far from preventing such conduct gave further occasion to our enemies to exercise their influence in the state of Ragusa ; and whatever were the motives of the condescension of the magistrate of this state, the emperor was acquainted with the circumstance. His dignity became concerned in putting an end to practices so contrary to the laws of neutrality.
"In consequence, in the name, and by the order, of the Emperor of the French and king of Italy , I take possession of the city and territory of Ragusa ."
"Notwithstanding I declare, that it is the intention of his majesty the Emperor and king to acknowledge the independence and neutrality of this state, as soon as the Russians shall have evacuated Abant the island of Corfu , and the other Venetian islands, and that the Russian squadron shall have quitted the coast of Dalmatia ."
"I promise assistance and protection to all the Ragusans ; I shall cause the laws, existing usages, and property, to be respected. In short, accordingly, to the line of conduct which shall be observed by the inhabitants, I will take care that they shall have no reason to complain of the presence of the French army."
"The present government shall continue; it shall exercise the same functions, and retain the same titles. Its relations, as well with neutral states as with those in alliance with France , shall remain as they were before."
"The commissary for commercial affairs to the Senate shall exercise the functions of imperial Commissary."
(Signed) "LAURISTON." "Given at Ragusa , May 27, 1806."
LIVERPOOL, JUNE 25.
POLITICAL RETROSPECT.
Notwithstanding the secrecy observed by his majesty's ministers in their diplomatic proceedings, a secrecy which must be applauded even by their most strenuous opponents, the sound of peace has been more loud and grateful to the public ear during the last week, than at any period for the two preceding years. That negotiations of some kind are carrying on is, we think, undeniable. The idea is warranted by the interchange of communications between the two governments, as well as by the rapid and almost uninterrupted rise of the funds, originating in the purchase of considerable quantities by houses of the first respectability, and particularly by the agents and brokers of persons generally understood to be in possession of the best and earliest intelligence. Yet, when we consider the wise and rigid precautions adopted by administration, and the arts and trickery of the ally, we confess ourselves at a loss to discover any real and solid grounds for forming an opinion, not that negotiations are carrying on, but that they are likely to lead to a secure and honorable peace.
Before we enter into any reasoning on this subject, it may not be unnecessary to remark that the report of lord Yarmouth having had a share in the communications which may have taken place between France and G. Britain appears altogether unfounded. Neither by his habits of life, nor by his acquisitions and talents is he qualified to be the medium of such interchanges of sentiment. The noble lord's abilities are not allowed, to tower beyond mediocrity, his character and capacity must have been known to M. Talleyrand , and we cannot bring ourselves to believe that either that subtle minister or Mr. Fox would be gratified with the services of such an agent. On the other hand, we can scarcely think his lordship would have condescended to sink himself to the level of a common messenger, a mere state post boy or letter-carrier. With respect to Mr. Adair's mission, we are confident it must be of the highest importance; but from the shortness of the time since his departure, and the absolute necessity of co-operating with Russia in the adjustment of preliminaries, nothing can have reached government on the part of that gentleman to justify the prevalent opinion in favor of peace.
Looking, however, at the reciprocal state of the two principal belligerent powers, what we peculiarly contend for is that, whether negotiations have, or have not been hitherto carried on with a favorable appearance, they can hold out no satisfactory promise and earnest of terminating in a peace such as his
majesty's ministers could make, or the country at large would be gratified with. For this sentiment we have only to refer our readers to the actual situation, to the undisguised conduct, to the avowed opinions of the emperor of the French . Of Bonaparte's anxious wish to obtain peace, none can entertain a doubt. By that, and that alone, he can have ships, colonies and commerce. But who is there so weak, so ignorant of human nature, and above all, so little acquainted with the mind and propensities of this extraordinary man, as to believe that even the treaty of Amiens , explained and acted upon in his own sense and meaning, will satisfy him? The system which he chalked out for himself, and has since steadily pursued from his elevation to the consulate, is now too clearly understood to be mistaken. He is determined to extend his conquests, to enlarge his power, to establish his control over the continent, as we encroach on colonial possessions as we consolidate our empire on the ocean. What is his new kingdom of Naples but a set off against our victory off Trafalgar , and the sovereignty of Holland in the person of his brother Louis , but a counterbalance to the conquest of the Cape of Good Hope ? He knows we have other acquisitions to make, and other triumphs to expect by sea—but he has also more monarchies to erect as vassalages and dependencies on his empire of the West, and the capture of his brother Jerome , or some new victory gained by our fleets, will probably be followed by investing Prance with the sovereignty of Switzerland , under the title of King of Helvetia , as the king of France . He has still more revolutions to make, but he reserves them for the exigency of the case. The rate of Portugal is in his hands, and the new German constitution may give rise to partitions and arrangements, at present little thought of. It consequently follows, that if he consents to peace, he will only consent to one worse than that of Amiens . He will not, while he has any prospect of adding to our weight of taxation, relinquish a particle of his power on the continent, nor allow us to retain what we have conquered from himself, or what is the same thing, from his allies and dependents. Bonaparte's recent reconciliation with the Ottoman Porte, and the intrigues he is now known to be carrying on in the court of St. Petersburg , are, unquestionably, little calculated to lower the arrogance of his pretensions, and to soften him into a compliance with such terms as we might safely offer.
A Liverpool paper of the 26th June contains the subsequent article.
"On Thursday last, arrived at this port in the ship Diana from Baltimore , Mr. Pinckney , one of the Gentlemen appointed by the American government, in conjunction with Mr. Monroe to discuss the differences now subsisting between that country and Great Britain ; and on Saturday set out from Lillyman's Hotel, for London ."
Mr. Jackson , a young man lately from England will preach at the Baptist Meeting House on Thursday evening next at early candle-light. August 19, 1806.
Citizens Attend.
The CITIZENS of the 1st and 2d WARDS are requested to meet this evening at 5 o'clock at Mr. Tharpe's Tavern to take into consideration measures in which they are particularly interested. August 20th,
A Gentleman of respectable literary acquirements, who a political principles are DEMOCRATIC, would receive the most liberal terms in conducting the editorial department of the Boston Courier and Demo-
crat . B. PARKE. No. 18, Anne Street.
Republican editors will confer a particular favor by giving this notice a few insertions in their respective papers. August 20—
Partnership Dissolved.
THE Partnership of Rufus Elliott & Co. is this day dissolved by mutual consent. All persons indebted unto said firm are requested to call and settle the same with Rufus Elliott . RUFUS ELLIOTT, JOHN GREGORY. August 20—3t
Sale of Valuable Property AT MY HOUSE.
THE Land which I have heretofore advertised and fully described I now again offer on the same terms to the highest bidder on Monday the 22nd of next month, together with a valuable woman qualified for either house or field work, a well grown boy and a lilly girl, both of whom are able to do good work, and three young girls. The woman to serve to years, the boy until he is 35, and the girls to 30 years of age. These negroes will be sold for cash or negotiable notes at 60 days. Also a variety of household and kitchen furniture, plantation implements of husbandry, horned cattle, horses, sheep and hogs. For all sums of 30 dollars or under the cash must be paid. Above 30 dollars and not exceeding 50 dollars, a credit of 3 months will be given from 50 to 60 six months, from 30 to 100, nine months, and for all above 100 dollars 12 months, all on security with interest from the date. The sale to commence at 11 o'clock and continue from day to day till completed. GEO. LEE. Charles County, Aug. 20—3d
SALE AT AUCTION.
ON Saturday the 23d inst. at 12 o'clock it will be exposed to public sale at the Union Tavern in Georgetown , the LOT and LOT near the mouth of Rock Creek , lately occupied by Henry Schulze , is the fixture of a lease of term given by said Schulze to Messrs. Ott, Shaw and Birch , to satisfy the sum of six hundred dollars, with costs and expenses. Terms of sale will be made known at the time and place of sale. JOHN TRIVERS, Auctioneer. Georgetown, Aug. 20—2t
FOR SALE.
That valuable tract of Land belonging to the estate of the late Richard Henderson , lying in Prince George's county on the Fedden Branch of Potomac and nearly adjoining the town of Bladensburg containing about 200 acres—this land is well watered, low level and is productive, from 35 to 50 acres is now in good timothy meadow, and a much larger quantity of rich marsh may be brought into this state, the wood land is thriving and abundant for the support of the farm. Its vicinity to the city of Washington & Georgetown and laying on the water, makes it a desirable estate. One fourth of the purchase money will be required in hand, the payment of the balance will be made cash. Mr. Joseph Wilson who lives on the land will show it to any person who may wish to view the same.
JAMES LINGAN, Executors of JOHN HENDERSON, S.R. Henderson . August 20—3w4f
PROPOSALS
FOR PUBLISHING A Geographical Description OF ALL THE STATES & TERRITORIES IN THE UNION, In separate volumes; with a particular and correct description of the several counties and towns, in each state. Illustrated with Maps,
By JOSEPH SCOTT , Author of the United States' Gazetteer , the Modern Geographical Dictionary , in 4 vol. oct. a Geographical Dictionary of the United States of North America , &c. &c.
THE geographical description of each of the larger states, with the counties, towns, &c. will form a separate volume of about 150 pages. Two of the smaller states may form a volume, or one of them may be comprised in the same volume with a larger adjoining state, as Maryland and Delaware .
Each volume will be complete in itself; so that subscribers may take one, two, &c. or the whole number. The paper, type, and size of the page, will exactly correspond with the description of Pennsylvania , now published; so that subscribers for the whole may have two or more bound together to suit their own taste. They will be published neatly done up in boards.
The description of each state will be embellished with a handsome map.
It is supposed that the whole will amount to about FOURTEEN LITTLE VOLUMES. A general description of the United States will be given in the 1st, which will render the whole the fullest and most correct geographical description of the United States , that has hitherto been published.
The plan, which the author has adopted, is the most comprehensive that could be suggested, as it will comprise, under proper and distinct heads, every thing worthy of notice.
No money will be required till on the delivery of the work. The Price of each Volume will be Fifty Cents!
The next volume will contain A Geographical description of MARYLAND, and DELAWARE, illustrated with a Map of each state . The work is nearly ready for the press, and will soon be published.
The Editors of newspapers, in Maryland , are requested to insert the above proposals twice. They will be paid on the publication of the work. August 10—
TEN DOLLARS REWARD.
STRAYED or stolen about the 3d of July TWO EAT HORSES, one near fifteen hands high, had all round, six or seven years old, his tail bobbed, and I believe a small star, used to the draft—the other a bay with his hind feet and legs white, about fifteen hands high, 10 or 12 years old, short switch tail, his shoes had been taken off, being somewhat lame, has a white spot on one of his buttocks. The above reward will be given on their delivery to me. DANL. CARROLL of Dudn. Washington, August 20—w4w
20 DOLLARS REWARD.
RUNAWAY from the Subscriber living near Bryantown , Charles county, Maryland , a likely yellowish complexioned negro lad named RIFE about 20 years of age, and about 5 feet 7 or 8 inches high, he has a scar under one of his eyes and a long upper lip, also a large cut on the top of one of his feet, Rife is not very stout made. He had on and took with him a black broad cloth coat, country cotton over jacket striped with yellow and blue, striped gown down under jacket, a pair of blue striped country cotton breeches, and yellow striped country cotton toweling yellow and blue, two silk handkerchiefs, the 1st blue linen shirt, country cotton shirt and trousers and a white country cloth over jacket double wove, and a black wool hat. It is supposed that he will change his name and endeavor to pass for a free man. Whoever secures the said negro in any jail so that I get him again will be entitled to the above reward, and all reasonable charges paid if brought to me, by BENEDICT BOARMAN. June 23—w1m

FOR SALE: AN ELEGANT SADDLE HORSE, Well gated—a bargain may be had, by making application immediately to the Printer of this paper. August 15—tf
Scheme of Lottery No. V. FOR the encouragement of Literature, and for improving the Navigation between Troy and Waterford, and for other purposes.    1 Prize of D. 30,000 is D. 30,000   1 20,000 20,000   1 10,000 10,000   4 5,000 20,000   2 2,000 4,000   5 1,000 5,000   10 500 5,000   30 200 6,000   80 100 8,000   120 50 6,000   400 20 8,000   1000 10 10,000   4000 5 20,000   1751 prizes, 210,000   2324 Blanks.   3500 tickets at 6 dollars each, is 210,000 less than two blanks to a prize—subject to deduction of 5 per cent. Prizes payable thirty days after the conclusion of the drawing. The first 400 blanks will be entitled to 8 dollars each. 24. drawn number 1st. day, whether blank or prize, D. 10,000 10th 4,000 15th 1,000 20th 500 25th 1,000 30th 10,000 35th 1,000 40th 20,000 45th 1,000
A company of gentlemen in the city of New York having contracted with the managers for the unford tickets, the drawing will commence on the second Tuesday in December next, and will be continued at the rate of 400 tickets per day until completed, excepting the left day when there will remain 800 to be drawn. Tickets in the above lottery will continue to be sold by the managers at the original price of 6 dollars each until the second Tuesday in September next, on which day all that remains unsold will be delivered to the contractors.
THOMAS STORM, DANIEL HALE, SOLOMAN SOUTHWICK, JOHN H. SICKLES, JOHN L. BROOME, } Managers. August 15—*
Proposals FOR PUBLISHING BY SUBSCRIPTION, PYRROLOIMOGIA, Or; Inquiries into the PESTILENCE CALLED THE YELLOW FEVER.
CONTAINING the history of its symptoms and prevalence in different parts of the world; a comparative statement of all controversies respecting its origin, modes of propagation and treatment; with an attempt towards a new theory of the electrical phenomena and galvanic influence arising from terraqueous & purid exhalations, which explains the causes of pestilential diseases, their remedies and preventatives.
By FELIX PASCALIS, M. D. Of New York, Formerly Physician and Member of the Board of Health in the state of Pennsylvania; Honorary Member of the Medical Societies of Philadelphia, and of Connecticut; and Associate to other American and European Literary institutions.
The author has been a medical practitioner in Philadelphia during seven epidemical occurrences of the Yellow Fever. To enlarge the sphere of his experimental observations on that interesting subject, he has lately travelled in the south of Spain, and also visited South Carolina, where that disease has by many, been supposed to be endemic. With so many motives to trust to his opinions, the author wishes notwithstanding, to be honored with the support of the learned in the U. States, who have had so many more opportunities than those of Europe to exercise their judgment on a subject highly important to the welfare of this country—a country with which many European nations frequently interdict the intercourse of their subjects as if it were absolutely the abode of pestilence. Whatever claims the author may imagine he derives from his experience; he will, however, thankfully receive any documents contrary to the theory he proposes. He, therefore, respectfully solicits communications tending either to establish or to invalidate the truth of an Electrical and Galvanic influence, &c. as a cause of pestilential diseases. Such interesting papers on these subjects as he shall be favored with previously to the first of November next (post paid) will be gratefully acknowledged and duly noticed, unless otherwise requested.
CONDITIONS. This work shall be printed in a handsome style, on fine wove paper and new type, as soon as a sufficient number of subscribers shall be obtained to defray the necessary expenses. It will be comprised in two volumes octavo, each volume containing more than 300 pages, to be delivered to subscribers in boards at Five Dollars the set, or handsomely bound and lettered at Six Dollars. Subscriptions received at the Courier office No. 1. Broad street. Charleston, Aug. 15—*
THE SUBSCRIBER HAS just supplied his shop in F street with a complete assortment of fresh Medicines & Drugs, among which are Spermatti and Linseed oils—also Pints of every description. THOMAS PATTERSON. Washington city, June 23—tf
SALE BY AUCTION. ON SATURDAY the 23rd of August at 11 o'clock, A. M. will be sold, on the premises, the HOUSE & LOT, lately occupied by Mr. George Collier, on North F street near the Bank. It is an excellent stand for the Grocery business, and has until very lately, been under an annual rent of 250 dollars. Terms of sale, one third of the purchase money to be paid in sixty days, one third in four months, and the residue in six months. Negotiable notes with good indorsers will be required. T. H. GILLISS, Executor of Stanley Byas, dec'd. Washington City, August 15—tdof
Department of State, August 13, 1806. PROOF is requested to be transmitted to this Department, that John Williams, John Badd, Roles Morris, John Hays, John Dickson, William Mills, Henry Pierce, John Collin, Nathaniel Perry, James Vent, John Jamieson, John A. Mott, Jacob Bonequadi, John Days, and Henry Kilpatrick, now detained in the British service, are citizens of the United States, accompanied with a description of their persons respectively, in order that application may be made for their release. The Printers of the Laws of the United States, in the sea-ports, are requested to republish the above three times. August 15—3t
In Chancery, August 11, 1806. ORDERED that the bill made by John Spalding, trustee for the sale of the real estate of Nicholas Blacklock, deceased, as stated in his report, shall be ratified and confirmed, unless cause to the contrary be shown on or before the 10th day of October next, provided a copy of this order be inserted three times, in the paper where he advertised the sale, and also in the Maryland Gazette, before the 10th day of September next. The report states, that 514 acres of land in Charles county was sold for 8150 dollars 75 cents. Test SAMUEL HARVEY HOWARD, Reg. Car. Can. August 15—3t
A FACT. THOSE indebted to me must make immediate payment, as I am determined to close my books finally, and all accounts which are not settled in a very short time will be put in a way for collection. Finding it very unpleasant, and troublesome to make collections, shall for the future sell for CASH only, which will be much more to my satisfaction, and give me the pleasure to do business quick, and twenty per cent. lower than any person who sells on a credit. Shall have for sale a handsome assortment of seasonable, substantial and fashionable goods; and be giving the best prices Cash for Tobacco inspected in this place. ROMULUS RIGGS. George Town, August 15—cpfw
20 Dollars Reward. RANAWAY from the subscriber, on the night of the 13th inst. a negro woman named KIZZIAH, 24 years of age, about 5 feet 6 inches high, of a bright complexion; she took with her an only child, a boy named HANSON, about three years of age, well grown, and remarkable for a protuberance of his naval, her clothing not remembered. Whoever apprehends said negro and child, shall receive five DOLLARS if taken within the district of Columbia, the above reward, if taken without the district, and ALL reasonable charges paid. ROBERT ALEXANDER. August 15—tf
WANTED, A JOURNEYMAN CHAIR-MAKER, To whom liberal wages and constant employment will be given. For particulars apply to SAMUEL RUSS, Navy Yard, Washington city. August 18—3t
A GREAT BARGAIN MAY BE HAD. I WISH to exchange seven or eight hundred acres of LAND, in Fairfax county, formerly Loudoun county, for good Lands in the western country. It lies near Mugar Land run; it is finely timbered and watered, good farming land, about 18 miles from the city of Washington, 20 from Alexandria, and two from the Potomac river. There are two Tenements and an excellent Orchard on the premises, about 70 bushels of wheat sowed last fall and a good deal of clover, which grows finely, the soil being well adapted to the Plaster of Paris, from the fullest experiment. The title indisputable. Any person making early application may get an advantageous exchange. Application by letter, to the subscriber in Alexandria, will be duly attended to. B. DADE. August 18—3t
INFORMATION WANTED. MR. RENDERTS (christian name not remembered) who left Holland it is believed about the year 1787 for the West Indies, and who it is understood has since left there for the United States of America, and if yet living, is supposed to be a resident of this country, will, by directing a line to Mrs. ANNA MOORE, Washington city, receive through her, information of his daughter, who with her mother, (long since dead) remained in Dockum, West Friesland, when her father Mr. R. failed from Amsterdam. Printers of newspapers friendly to the cause of humanity will render an essential service by the giving the above a few insertions in their respective papers. August 15—3t
JUST PUBLISHED, By WM. DUANE, And for sale at his Book-store, Pennsylvania avenue, and at J. March's, George Town, the LAWS OF THE FIRST SESSION of the NINTH CONGRESS. Terms to Booksellers made known on application. W. D. offers for sale on reasonable terms a handsome assortment of Blank Books, Receipt Books, &c. lately received from Philadelphia. Also Blank Warrants by the quire or half quire. The complete Family Brewer may be had as above. August 15—3t
JUST PUBLISHED. AND FOR SALE, At Mr. Morford's and Bailey and Wallace's Book stores, Broad-street, and at the Courier Office, PRICE, 18 1-2 CENTS; A pamphlet on the importance of cultivating the BOURBON COTTON, by the Agricultural Society of the Bahama Islands. The very great importance of this pamphlet to the Planters of this state, and every other cotton to-ury, has induced its publication. It consists of copious extracts of letters from Cotton Planters of the different islands; and the amount of their general evidence is that the Bourbon Cotton is decidedly preferable to the Anguilla or Georgia Cotton; that it is of quick growth and produces earlier than the common cotton; that it yields about 150 lb. of clear cotton to the acre; but the greatest advantage is, that it is secure from the ravage of the caterpillar, which so often blasts the hopes of our planters. This subject is deserving the attention of our planters, and this pamphlet is recommended to their examination as the probable means of increasing the value of their crops. Charleston, S. C. Aug. 15—*
FOR SALE, I will sell two Tracts of LAND lying and being in Allegany county in the state of Maryland; one called and known by the name of "Harvey's Meadows" patented 31st December 1805, for 341 acres, near Shellys or Shellys Little Meadows; the other "Mount Parnassus," patented 31st December 1805, for 293 acres; this tract lays on a branch of Savage river about five miles below the Little Meadows. I have never seen these lands, consequently know nothing of their value. Mr. Thomas Beall of Cumberland who is well acquainted with the above land informed me they were as valuable as any in that part of Maryland. Daniel Clark and Robert Cowden Stone, esqrs. also informed me that from their acquaintance with the situation of the aforesaid tracts of Land they must be of an excellent quality. Any person inclined to purchase, it is preferred will view before he contracts. A great bargain may be had for cash, or good paper on a short credit—a good and indisputable title will be given when the land is paid for. For terms apply to the subscriber in Upper Marlborough Prince Georges county. SAMUEL J. COOLIDGE. June 23—3w
On a liberal credit. THE subscriber will dispose of at private sale, his estate called Chichester, lying on the eastern branch, immediately opposite the city of Washington. This tract of land containing 697 acres is laid off in lots from 33 to 144 acres for the convenience of purchasers. Plats of the estate and the terms of sale are in the hands of colonel Manion at the navy yard, and Charles Wayman of George Town. The lots will be shown by Mr. Wedden, living on the premises, near the Eastern Branch bridge. ANTHONY ADDISON. Barnaby, 12th June 1805—tf
STELLE'S HOTEL & CITY TAVERN, THE Subscriber takes this method of thanking his friends and the public for their favors whilst on the Capitol Square and begs leave to acquaint them that he has taken the Spacious Hotel lately erected by Mr. Carroll, near the Capitol. The hotel being above one hundred feet in front, and containing fifty rooms enables the subscriber to offer every accommodation to members of Congress and travellers which can be expected in a public house. PONTIUS D. STELLE. Washington City, March 25—tf N. B.—P. D. S. will rent the house lately occupied by him on the adjoining square.
DANIEL RAPINE BOOKSELLER & STATIONER, ON CAPITOL HILL, HAS Just received from PHILADELPHIA, and now opening, a choice collection of BOOKS & STATIONARY, and as he has been at great pains to make the selection, he flatters himself that it is the most complete assortment that has ever been offered for sale in the District of Columbia. His Law, Miscellaneous and Poetical collection, is as complete as any one bookseller's on the continent. He has also opened an excellent assortment of PAPER HANGINGS; and the most useful kinds of MEDICINES, such as Peruvian Bark, Castor Oil, British Oil, Glauber Salts, Liquorice Ball, &c. &c. all which he offers for sale on reasonable terms. Account and other Books bound in the neatest manner, on short notice, and according to any given pattern. July 25—cpfw
ELIAS B. CALDWELL, ATTORNEY AT LAW, HAS removed his Office, to the house lately occupied by Mr. Law, on Capitol Hill. Washington, July 26—tf
WM. DUANE, PRINTER, BOOKSELLER AND STATIONER, PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE, HAS JUST RECEIVED PER CAPTAIN ELLWOOD FROM PHILADELPHIA. A VERY large and general assortment of Books, among which are many of the latest publications, viz. Modern Philosopher, or Terrible Transformation, Felton's Poems, Life of Morveau, Camoens's poems, Scott's Minstrel, Hoyle's Games, Trial of the Journeymen Boot and Shoemakers, Considerations on the Choice of Public Rulers, &c. Mirabeau's Secret History of the Court of Berlin, School Geography, Pinkerton's, Oldmixon's Turner's and Workman's, Spelling books of forts. English, Latin and French Dictionaries, ditto Grammars, Philadelphia Songster, Modern do. and many other choice and valuable books. ALSO, an elegant and large assortment of Childrens books, ornamented with numerous beautiful cuts. August 17—3t
AT a meeting of REPUBLICAN DELEGATES from that part of Frederick county, which by law is attached to the 3d Congressional district, held at the house of Mr. DAVID LEVY, in Frederick town, on Friday, the 4th of July 1806, the propriety of taking measures to insure success to the Republican Candidate for Congress was reflected upon, Where it was Resolved unanimously, that the conduct of PATRICK MAGRUDER, has been such at the last session of Congress, as to command the respect and confidence of the Republicans of the third Congressional district—Therefore Resolved unanimously, That PATRICK MAGRUDER, be recommended to the republican voters of said district, to be by them supported at the Congressional election in October next. Resolved unanimously, That these resolutions be published in the republican papers of Frederick town, and in the National Intelligencer. A true copy from the minutes of the meeting. Test JOHN B. COLVIN, Sec. July 18—4w
FOR SALE, AT Bath (Berkeley Springs) Virginia, a HOUSE & LOT thereto belonging (late the property of Thomas Palmer, deceased.) The premises are calculated for a genteel family, or would make an excellent Boarding house, having thereon a smoke house, coach house and stables, with a garden laid out with much taste and inclosed with a good board fence. Also near the town, are for sale, SEVEN acres of LAND, inclosed with a stone wall. The whole will be sold very low, or exchanged for property in or near any of the large towns or cities. Apply to John Davidson, Washington city, or to Wm. Alexander, esq. Bath, aforesaid. Note—if not sold, it will be let for the season. April 16—tf
TO RENT, THE COMMODOIOUS BRICK STORE near the CAPITOL, now in the occupation of Messrs. P. HEALY & Co. Possession to be given on the 1st of May. Enquire of Frederick May. March 28—tf
Treasury Department of the United States, June 21, 1806. WHEREAS the commissioners of the Sinking fund, at a meeting held on the 28th day of April, 1806, did resolve, that the sum remaining to complete the expenditure of the annual appropriation of eight millions of DOLLARS, should among other purposes be applied to the reimbursement of the navy six per cent. stock, created in pursuance of an act of Congress passed on the 30th day June, 1798 and to the reimbursement of the five and half per cent. stock, created in pursuance of an act of Congress, passed on the 3rd day of March, 1795. This is therefore to give notice, that the principal of the said navy six per cent. stock, with the interest due thereon, will on surrender of the certificates, be paid on the 1st day of October next ensuing the date hereof, to the respective stockholders or their lawful representatives or attorneys duly constituted and authorized, either at the Treasury, or at the Loan office, as the case may be, where credits have been given for the amount of stock, respectively held by them: and that the principal of the five and half per cent. stock, with the interest due thereon, will in like manner, and at the same places, be paid on the 1st day of January, 1807, to the respective stockholders, or their lawful representatives or attorneys duly constituted and authorized. It is furthermore made known, for the information of the parties concerned, that no transfers of the navy six per cent. stock, either from or to the books of the treasury, or from or to the books of a Commissioner of Loans, will be allowed after the 1st day of September ensuing, nor of the five and half per cent. stock, after the 1st day of December ensuing. And the interest on all certificates of said stocks, which shall not have been surrendered, in pursuance of this notification, will cease and determine, on the day preceding the day hereby fixed for the reimbursement thereof. ALBERT GALLATIN, Secretary of the Treasury. June 23—tf
TO RENT. THE STORE & DWELLING HOUSE now occupied Dr. Patterson, next door to James Madison's, esq. Possession given the first day of April next—I will also rent the Wharf formerly belonging to Mr. Lewis Deblais on the Eastern Branch, one square above the Navy Yard. Its situation for a Lumber, Coal, and Wood yard, is equal to any in the city of Washington—for terms apply to John Hewitt, esq. or to the subscriber near the Navy Yard. NICHOLAS VOSS; City of Washington, March 24—2awtf
CHARLES H. VARDEN, Merchant Taylor New Jersey Avenue, near the Capitol. RESPECTFULLY informs the gentlemen of the district of Columbia, that he has received by late arrivals at Philadelphia from London, a fresh supply of the best superfine cloths, cashmeres, &c. with a choice assortment of plain mankeens, cotton cashmeres, India nankeens, blue and yellow, fashionable Trafalgar white and fancy Merceilles, with a variety of other articles suitable for the summer. N. B. Ladies habits, regimentals, and navy uniforms made in the first style of fashion. Richard Harwells new invented patent elastic suspenders, which are far superior to any heretofore in use, can be had on the same terms as at his manufactory. June 23—tf
30 DOLLARS REWARD. STOLEN out of the subscriber's pasture in Loudoun county in the night of the 26th June, a bright BAY MARE with a bald face, the left hind foot white, the right hip a little lower than the other, a mark like a seam down the hoof of the right hind foot, and it is different in shape from the other; about 15 hands and 1-2 high, three years old last spring, a natural trotter, had on when she was taken three shoes. Whoever will apprehend the thief and secure the mare so that the owner may get her again and the felon brought to conviction, shall have the above reward or for the mere only twenty five dollars and all reasonable charges. WILLIAM NICHOLS. Loudoun county, Vir. July 11—3m
PROPOSALS, FOR PUBLISHING BY SUBSCRIPTION, THE WORKS OF DR. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, PHILOSOPHICAL, POLITICAL, AND LITERARY. Hominum rerumque referor.
THE publication of the writings of Dr. Franklin in a complete edition, was long contemplated by the late BENJ. FRANKLIN BACHE, his grandson, who transcribed the copy which was devised to Mr. W. Temple Franklin, for the purpose. It was originally designed that the corrected edition should appear in three languages, and in England, Germany, France and America, at the same time. This design was frustrated by the device (W. Temple Franklin) who, it is now believed, sacrificed the work and the honorable trust reposed in him, for money, to the mortal hatred of the English ministry against the deceased sage.
As soon as this fact was known, the present editor of the Aurora turned his attention to the collection of every paper and circumstance which could tend to preserve and do honor to the memory of a man to whom America is so much indebted, and who, as he was the first that from his genius and talents reflected back lustre on his native country, must continue to be ranked to the latest posterity, among its greatest benefactors and ornaments.
This edition will be published from the copies revised and corrected by Dr. Franklin, the corrections of which are in the hand writing of the author, and may be seen by any gentleman in the possession of the editor of the Aurora.
Early admiration of Dr. Franklin; educated in veneration and reverence of his character—combined with other incidental circumstances not necessary to be pointed out, have concurred to favor the collection by the present editor, of the best materials that could be obtained after the sacrifice of the work by the devisee.
With some industry, and with some experience he has possessed himself, not only of the copy with the corrections and additions in Dr. Franklin's hand writing; but also of several articles which have never appeared in any former collection, and of several which have never appeared in print.
Proposals would have appeared long since in this city, had not an advertisement of an intended edition, being published in the English prints; the present editor thought it might be yet possible that the edition advertised, was that which Mr. Temple Franklin was entrusted with; but it now appears that the English edition is only a republication of the former compilation with some small additions; but still very deficient, on a comparison with the corrected papers in the hands of the editor.
The whole will now be carefully collated, and the work executed in a style worthy of the great patriarch of American liberty and apostle of the American press.
The additional papers will form at least a volume, perhaps more—the authentic papers already printed, form three—and it is intended to begin with the second volume, which will be put to press immediately; and to publish the Biography last; so that such additional particulars as may throw any useful light on the life of this great man, may be engaged on his memoirs; to obtain which, and other important materials, the editor will spare neither pains nor expense.
Gentlemen who may be possessed of authentic or original papers, or correspondence of Dr. F. or who can give information where any are to be found, will render public service by communicating them to the editor. CONDITIONS. The work shall be elegantly printed, on a new small pica type and pale vellum paper in large octavo. The work will be ornamented with numerous engravings, a vignette to each volume—a whole length portrait from the best likeness allowed to be in existence, now in the possession of the family. The price of each volume will be a dollar 50 cents, payable on delivery only. Subscriptions will be received at the book-store of Wm. Duane, No. 106, Market street, Philadelphia; and in Pennsylvania avenue, Washington city; and by other booksellers and private gentlemen, whose names will be notified in the several states of the union, in due time. August 3—