The national intelligencer and Washington advertiser. (Washington City [D.C.]), 1804-06-20 00:00:00

NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER, AND WASHINGTON ADVERTISER.
VOL. IV. WASHINGTON CITY, PRINTED BY SAMUEL HARRISON SMITH, PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE.
No. DLXXVIII.
FIVE DOLLS. PER ANN.
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 20th, 1804.
PAID IN ADVANCE.
From the Boston Chronicle.
IT cannot but be pleasing to every lover of his country to observe the rapid progress of improvement in the United States at the present period. Enterprise has never hazarded, with bolder daring, her most extensive projects, nor has genius ever developed itself in plans more useful, than within a few years past. The destinies of our country, if we may use an expression sanctioned by general custom, are absolutely in calculable. Our vast, had almost laid unbounded territory, presents to the talents of Americans all the various objects of activity scattered here and there throughout the globe; and the philanthropist is astonished to behold his most sanguine wishes on the eve of accomplishment, in the ultimate amelioration of the condition and character of his fellow men. But, not to indulge too far in what may be deemed an enthusiastic reverie by some, and by others an Utopian dream, let me advert to a few circumstances which may elucidate and justify the expressions I have used.
In other countries, objects of great importance to the general welfare are conducted almost solely by the magistrate and governmental councils. Here individual enterprise, or the combined force of private citizens, produces an effect, equal in extent and magnitude, and superior in moral importance to all other modes. Our advantages are the product of our own study, investigation and labor. Hence they are doubly valuable, and perhaps also doubly valued. For men cannot but prize the effects of their own honest exertions.
No friends to the progress of the arts can view without emotions of sincere joy and exultation that gradual advancement of an experimental acquaintance with them, which is apparent among us. Hardly a public paper is emitted that contains not an account of some new improvement or invention. Patents are daily issuing, as evidences of the spirit of prolific industry and research. Our soil becomes daily better known, and new modes of agriculture in several important processes are devised, and gradually prevail. The geography of our country is improving in such a manner, as excites an uncommon interest in most of our citizens to avail themselves of every advantage arising from all the uses to which our land and its productions may be applied. Manufactures of every kind are rapidly increasing, and in many instances rival the labors of European nations—in not a few, perhaps, surpass them. Our ores and metals are more and more explored and wrought. Communication between commercial and trading towns, and free intercourse of cities with the circumjacent country are daily increasing. Witness the expedition with which business is transacted, and journeys effected from Georgia to Maine, or rather from New Orleans to Quebec. Witness the bridges, turnpikes, roads, canals and ferries, of which almost every mail, in addition to the rich prospects of this nature around us, gives information. The mechanic powers are daily better understood and more successfully applied. American architects are employed by European improvers and adventurers—while the rough materials, which are yielded in abundance, furnish a sufficient motive to more energy, more enterprise and perseverance at home, and render it more easy for us to become improvers and adventurers to plans of general usefulness among ourselves.
It is almost unnecessary to say, that in no country on the face of the globe is the human mind left more at liberty than here, to pursue its own inclination and taste in objects not injurious to the public interest, or to individual welfare. This is a truth which every one feels. And where is the wonder? What circumstance limits industry, or sets bounds to honest enterprise? What objects stand in the way of every man's progress, provided his views be innocent? Are we not "free as our own thoughts?" Hence arises the success of every useful undertaking—and to our civil freedom are we in fact indebted for our private enterprise and individual emolument.
From the Chats on Courier.
Important Cause in the District Court of South Carolina. L'AFRICAIN, vs. GARLAND.
The Commercial Agent of the French Republic filed a Libel in the District Court against the Captain of the British
letter of marque GARLAND, for restitution of and damages for the capture and detention of the French corvette L'AFRICAIN, illegally captured on the 31st instant, within the jurisdiction of the United States. To this Libel the captain of the Garland pleaded in bar to the jurisdiction, alleging that the capture was not made within the jurisdiction of the United States—and to prove this, two branch pilots were examined by Mr. DRAYTON, proctor for the defendant, who swore that the corvette, at the time of the capture, was about five or six miles distant from Sullivan's Island, the nearest land. On their cross-examination by Mr. William Laughon Smith, proctor for the libellant, they admitted and proved that the corvette having lost her mizen-mast in a gale of wind and several of her men, and thrown overboard many of her guns, was seeking refuge in Charleston; that she was brought to anchor off the bar in six fathoms water, and as near as she could be with safety at the time of the capture she was within one or two miles of the Rattlesnake breaker, and that the Captain struck to the Garland on the advice of the pilot, and on his assuring the Captain that the corvette was then within the jurisdiction of the United States, and would certainly be delivered up. On these facts the question arose, whether the Africaine was, at the time of the capture, within our jurisdiction? Mr. Drayton quoted several authorities, viz. Martens, Vattel, Sir W. Scott, &c. to prove that by the laws of nations territorial jurisdiction on the sea was limited to a marine league from the coast, that is to the extent of the protection which could be given from the shore, by cannon shot, which was calculated at a marine league, or three miles. If there could be any doubt as to the laws of nations in this respect, the act of Congress of 1794 settled the question: by that act the district Court is authorised to take cognizance of the captures in the waters of the United States, "or within a marine league of the coast, or shores thereof." He defined the terms, coasts or shores to be of synonymous import, and referred to Johnson's Dictionary of arts and sciences, and Cook's Voyages, to support his definition—the word bank , was the margin of a river, coast, or shore, the margin of the sea. Consequently the Court had no jurisdiction in this case.
Mr. W. Laughon Smith, said that this claim to the aid of the Court to obtain restitution of the Africaine , was founded on the law of nations, on our treaty with France, on the laws of neutrality and of hospitality, all of which had been grossly violated by the capture in question. He considered this a cause of considerable magnitude—it was not a common question between two ships of war, but a great national question, for the first time to be decided, and to fix the limits of our own jurisdiction. Different naval powers, by recurrence to history, would be found to have laid claim, & some of them to have maintained it for centuries, to whole oceans. Thus Great Britain claimed jurisdiction over the whole British Channel, St. George's Channel, &c. Venice the Adriatic; the Ottoman Empire the Black Sea; Denmark the Sound, &c. In later times, several writers had attempted to ascertain the jurisdictional line with precision, but they all differed—some spoke of the extent of the human sight, some of the extent of protection, others of the distance requisite for the safety of trade. Bodinoux fixed 20 miles, Martens 9, Vattel cannon shot, or a marine league; Sir W. Scott in a modern case [quoted on the other side] seemed also to refer to that distance; but his decision could have no weight, because he was fixing the jurisdiction of Prussia, and no case could be produced where he had fixed the jurisdiction of Great Britain to a marine league from the shore. The law of nations had not then ascertained the precise distance, but all the writers, and Vattel particularly, had established that a neutral country ought to extend its jurisdiction over the sea to the utmost extent of its protection, and as far as might be necessary for the safety of trade. The treaties we have formed with France, Holland, Prussia and Sweden, give those powers a right to our protection near our coasts—a reasonable distance must be allowed, otherwise the treaty would be violated, and if the act of Congress impugns the treaty by an unreasonable proximity, it would be void, as repugnant to the compact. In this case the corvette was anchored as near the bar as she could lie with safety, (one witness lays within one mile) and
she had a pilot on board, she must be considered as ipsa facibus portus —the pilots have declared that it is common for inward bound vessels to anchor without the bar, and are there considered within our jurisdiction—she was in distress, not coming to cruise, but seeking an asylum and protection from the perils of the sea within the arms of the United States. Vattel lays it down that under such circumstances a ship has by the law of nations a right to enter even against the will of a belligerent adverse party; a fortiori has a friendly strong claim to the protection of a neutral power. At the commencement of the last war, an interesting correspondence took place between the government of the United States and the French minister, on this subject; the former wished to evade ascertaining our jurisdiction, but being called on by the latter, after observing that, from the peculiarity of our shores, and the shoals of our coasts, we were entitled to claim the broadest possible margin of sea along the coasts; yet until a communication with other powers, the President would, for the present, claim no further than a marine league: That was evidently a provisional arrangement, confined to the last war. Soon after, the act of Congress in question passed, and partook of the cautious spirit of the times—it was a temporary act, though since continued; in expounding it reference ought to be had to the preceding observations—it says "the district court shall take cognizance of cases arising within a marine league of the coasts or shores." It does not confine and limit the district court to such cases alone; the district court of Pennsylvania had refused to take cognizance of cases manifestly arising within our jurisdiction, referring them to the Executive, where belligerents were alone concerned. The act of 1794 compels them to act where our territory is violated within a marine league, but leaves the question where it was before, as to all distances beyond that, to be decided by the law and usage of nations, having reference always to the peculiar situation and policy of our country. Admit however, the law to be restrictive, still Mr. S. contended, that by the terms of our jurisdiction clearly embraced the place of capture—the act says "coasts or shores." What is meant by the term coasts? Not merely the visible part of the land, but that part also which is covered by water to a certain distance from the shore; the whole together, comprehending the land out of water and the shoals, constitutes the coast. In Comyn's Digest, it is said, "main land, or coasts thereof, out of the body of any county;" here coasts must mean something beyond the land or body of a county. In common parlance, coasts means something other than land not covered by water—fisheries on the coast, islands on the coast, wrecks on the coast, &c.—the distance ought then to be computed from the shoals on the bar, and not from Sullivan's Island. It had been proved that a line drawn from the Eastern extremity of Long Island, parallel to the shore, would run without the bar—if the distance is to be strictly reckoned from the land, inasmuch as the act does not mention the land nearest the place of capture, then this line ought to be deemed the line of sea coast, and a marine league computed from thence; the shoals of the bar are in fact a sunken continuation of the coast; if the act be ambiguous, the court is bound to construe it beneficially for the United States. Mr. S. concluded with referring to the peculiarity of our bar and harbour, the dangers to which it would be exposed by a contrary construction of the act, and the fatal consequence of inviting the cruisers of the belligerent powers to take their station off our bar, which would endanger our commerce, make our port the focus of discord, elude the passions and interests of our fellow citizens, and destroy that harmony and tranquility which now so happily subsist.
Several witnesses were called by Mr. Smith, and among them Mr. Purcell the surveyor; swore that he had been long employed, in conjunction with Mr. De Braham, to survey the coasts of Florida, &c.—that all geographers and surveyors of sea coasts always understood by coast, the shoals along the land—that in Florida these shoals extended to the distance of twenty miles from the land, and were within the territorial jurisdiction. Capt. Oakford had been many years at sea, and he never before heard it doubted that coast included the shoals; he considered every thing as coast where a ship might be stranded. Williams, one of the pilots, also said that he considered
the coast to extend some miles from the land. Mr. Purcell being asked by the Judge, from whence he would compute a marine league, replied from the outermost shoal of the bar.
Mr. Gaillard followed Mr. Smith, agreeing with him that the government had wisely left the question open, and the jurisdiction undefined. He argued that the doctrine laid down by writers, respecting cannon shot, as interpreted by the other side was absurd, for in fact cannon shot at the distance of a marine league, was ineffectual to protect; nothing more could be inferred from that dictum of the writers, than that a belligerent could not take a prize under the protection of a neutral power, but it did not confine the protection of neutral jurisdiction merely to cannon shot. Besides it was not confined to cannon shot from a fortress on land, protection might be given by gunboats stationed off our bar; most of the writers lay within the limits of protection; that protection may vary according to the nature of the coast, and the shoals of the water; our bar and harbour cannot possibly be protected by land batteries, gunboats will be the only effectual protection. If the court now compute the distance from land, under the authority of Vattel, respecting cannon shot, a new doctrine must be established, with a new mode of protection.
The Attorney General closed, on the same side, with many learned observations on the construction of statutes—a word of clear import cannot be defined by one of ambiguous signification; the word shore was certainly not intended by Congress to be defined by the word coast—these words are not synonymous, if they were, one only would have been used. Why did Congress use both? Because of different import—the means the land to low water mark: coasts the shoals along the margin of the land to the high sea.
Mr. Drayton replied. He was stopped by the Judge, from answering the arguments derived from the law of nations and the correspondence, and confined to the act of Congress. From this, he argued that the land nearest the place of capture was clearly meant by the words coasts or shores, which are synonymous, referring to the authorities before mentioned, and to common understanding and acceptation. The arguments were closed on Friday last, and on Monday, his honor Judge BEE gave his decree.
He stated the circumstances of the case, and the plea in bar to the jurisdiction, viz. the capture not having been made within a maritime league of the shore of the United States. This, he said, was the only point before the Court; and the only guide by which he was to be governed, was the act of Congress; as to the laws of nations, it did not apply, as this act was to govern; & as to the correspondence, it was all prior to the passing of the law. It had been said by the counsel for the libellant, that this was a great and important question, and that it was the first time the subject had come before an American Tribunal. He acknowledged that it was a question of very considerable magnitude, and highly interesting to us as a neutral power; it was for that reason he had allowed them a full range, and to throw every possible light on the question, and he confessed they had argued with great ability and ingenuity; but after all, the act of congress was the only source from which he was to derive the true limits of our territorial jurisdiction over the sea; this was fixed at a marine league from our coasts or shores. In this case he had been enabled, by the testimony of the pilots and an inspection of the charts, to locate with precision the place of capture, namely, in six fathoms water, outside the Rattlesnake; hence it was evident that the south end of Sullivan's Island was the nearest land, consequently the capture was made near six miles from the shore. Had there been any uncertainty as to the distance, he would willingly have adopted the rule laid down by Sir W. Scott, in the case of the Gerardus v. Robinson , and would not have fought the exact measurement with an unfavourable minutiae, but from the peculiar circumstances of the case, would rather have been disposed to have calculated the distance liberally. But the spot is here ascertained beyond a doubt, and is near six miles from the nearest land; the act confines our jurisdiction to a marine league, but a question has arisen on the meaning of the word coasts, and several witnesses have been produced, and a great deal of ingenuity displayed to show that the term coasts, includes all the shoals to a certain distance; in a mari-
time point of view this might be correct; but this construction would be too vague for any court to adopt, for as the shoals vary along the coast, there would be no fixed rule by which to be governed, it would be impossible to fix a boundary; and the different district courts of the United States, would be obliged to apply various distances to the terms of the act; much uncertainty and confusion would result from such an interpretation, the distance would vary with every shoal. I admit that the United States are the only nation which has thus, by law fixed its jurisdiction—but it is not for me to question the policy of the act; it is now the law of the land, and the rule of my decision. The distress of the corvette will not affect the question—she might, while in great distress, have been lawfully captured on the high seas—here is nothing in the treaty with France which gives a claim beyond the act of Congress. The 13th section is not relevant—it gives protection when sailing along the coast within our jurisdiction; a distinction was attempted, in comparing the act and the treaty, between the words jurisdiction and protection, but protection must refer to the jurisdiction, as fixed by law, within a marine league. As to the circumstance of the corvette being at an anchor near the bar, and having a pilot on board, and indirectly they would have great influence, were there not a positive law, fixing the boundary. As the question is new and important, I have given it the maturest consideration, and am clearly of opinion that the word coasts cannot have such an operation as the counsel for the libellant have given it, but was intended to mean land as far as low water mark.
The plea in bar is therefore sustained and the bill dismissed, but without costs because it was the duty of the commercial agent of the French Republic to bring the subject before the court.
National Intelligencer.
Extracts from "The Political and Correspondence of LEWIS THE SIXTEENTH, with observations on each letter. By Helen Maria Williams. In three volumes Octavo.
On the 4th of August 1789 the estates of the Clergy and Nobility, by unanimous suffrage, suppressed all feudal rights, acquired in the payment of all taxes whatever; the nobility gave up their titles, and the clergy their tithes; rendered every citizen eligible to all places civil and military; bestowed on the King the title of Restorer of French Liberty, and ordered Te Deum to be sung in the presence of the Court. The King accepted the proffered title, and joined in devout thanksgiving to Heaven, with his nobility and clergy, to implore the Divine blessing on these splendid acts of generosity and patriotism.
On the 26th of the same month, he addressed the following letter to the Archbishop of Arles.
LETTER,
TO THE ARCHBISHOP OF ARLES.
August 26th, 1789.
I am satisfied with the great, noble and generous proceeding of the two first orders of the state; they have made immense sacrifice towards a general reconciliation, and for their country, and their king. I feel engraven on my heart the transactions of that sitting in which all privileges were renounced. But this sacrifice, however splendid I can only admire; for I never will consent to despoil my clergy and nobility. I will not deprive the former of the rights which the Gallican church has acquired by antient possession, by the service of the faithful, and by the munificence of my royal ancestors; nor will I suffer the latter to be stripped of all that constituted their glory, or the rewards of their services, of those titles, those recompenses, due to the civil and military virtues of the French nobility. They have merited by great actions those privileges, which it is the duty of the king of France to defend; and I will

View of the EXPORTS of the UNITED STATES, (CONTINUED.)
TABLE IV.
Exhibiting a comparative view of the Exports of the principal staple articles of the United States for seven successive years.
   EXPORTS. 1797. 1798. 1799. 1800. 1801. 1802. 1803.     Asbes, pot tons 2 191 5 885 4 666 6 760 7 228 3 398 3 270   —pearl tons 2 043 3 796 2 495 1 261 1 297 1 785 2 194   Beef barrels 51 812 89 421 91 321 75 045 75 331 61 520 77 154   Corn, Indian 804 922 1 218 231 1 200 492 1 694 327 1 768 162 1 633 283 2 079 603   Cheese pounds 875 334 1 183 234 1 164 590 913 843 1 674 854 1 332 224 1 278 608   Cotton pounds 3 688 429 9 360 005 9 532 263 17 789 803 20 911 201 27 501 075 41 205 623   Flour barrels 515 663 567 558 519 265 653 052 1 102 444 1 156 248 1 311 853   Fish, dried or smoked quintals 406 016 411 175 428 495 392 726 410 948 440 954 461 870   —pickled barrels 69 782 66 827 63 542 50 388 85 935 75 819 76 831   do. kegs 7 351 6 220 15 993 12 403 10 424 13 229 11 565   Flax seed bushels 222 269 224 473 350 857 289 684 461 266 155 358 311 459   Ginseng pounds 4 004 59 165 147 192 268 371 286 458 201 910 67 367   Hams and bacon pounds 1 084 008 1 105 584 1 412 005 1 173 244 2 034 650 1 588 267 1 686 546   Hops pounds 1 000 5 848 18 336 100 70 784 60 866 915 476   Indigo pounds 269 639 311 457 312 153 572 999 411 140 493 220 21 203   Meal, Rye bushels 36 570 48 444 49 269 79 677 392 276 33 292 *28 273   —Indian do. 254 799 211 694 231 226 338 108 919 355 266 816 *133 606   —Buckwheat do. 286 84 754 93 1 907 3 260 *229   Oil, Linseed gallons 19 759 17 016 24 227 18 857 31 564 9 099 3 816   —Spermaceti do. 27 556 128 758 114 254 221 762 91 684 28 470 46 984   —Whale, &c. do. 582 425 700 040 420 949 204 468 215 522 379 976 550 535   Rice, tierces 60 111 125 243 110 599 112 056 94 865 79 822 81 838   Tobacco, manufactured pounds 12 805 142 269 416 076 457 713 472 282 233 591 152 415   —unmanufactured, hogsheads 58 167 68 567 96 070 78 680 103 758 77 721 86 291   Tar barrels 47 397 33 898 58 254 59 410 67 487 37 497 78 989   Turpentine do. 53 291 40 188 40 382 33 129 35 413 38 764 61 178   Wheat bushels. 15 655 15 021 10 056 26 853 239 929 280 281 686 415  
*Barrels.
TABLE V.
Exhibiting a comparative view of the Exports of the several states for seven successive years.
   1797. 1798. 1799. 1800. 1801. 1802. 1803.     New Hampshire 275 840 361 453 361 789 431 836 555 055 565 894 494 620   Massachusetts 7 502 047 8 639 252 11 421 591 11 326 876 14 870 556 13 492 632 8 768 566   Rhode Island 975 530 947 128 1 055 273 1 322 945 1 832 773 2 433 363 1 275 595   Connecticut 814 506 763 128 1 143 818 1 114 743 1 446 216 1 606 809 1 248 571   New York 13 308 064 14 300 892 18 719 527 14 045 079 19 851 136 13 792 276 10 818 387   New Jersey 18 161 61 877 9 723 2 289 25 406 26 227 21 311   Pennsylvania 11 446 291 8 915 463 12 431 967 11 949 679 17 438 193 12 677 475 7 525 710   Delaware 98 929 283 729 297 065 418 695 652 042 440 504 428 153   Maryland 9 811 799 12 746 190 16 299 609 12 264 331 12 834 543 8 006 290 5 209 418   Virginia 4 908 713 6 113 451 6 292 986 4 430 689 6 483 928 4 650 361 7 414 346   North Carolina 540 901 338 124 485 921 769 799 874 884 659 396 952 614   South Carolina *644 307 6 994 179 8 729 013 10 663 510 14 304 045 10 639 355 7 811 108   Georgia 644 307 961 848 1 396 759 2 174 268 1 755 939 1 854 951 2 370 875   Vermont 20 480 57 041 57 267 31 479 117 450   Tennessee 29 430   Kentucky 626 673   Territories 443 955 1 343 303   51 294 710 61 327 411 78 665 522 70 971 780 93 020 513 71 957 144 55 800 033  
* Three quarterly returns from the district of Charleston (South Carolina) wanting.
(TO BE CONTINUED.)
AT a meeting of the Stockholders of the THEATRE COMPANY, at Rhodes tavern on the 7th June, 1804, pursuant to notice.
ROBERT BRENT, Esq. Mayor of the city of Washington, was called to the Chair, and STANLEY BYUS, appointed secretary.
On motion made and seconded, the meeting came to the following resolutions:
Resolved, That a Board of Directors, consisting of five Stockholders, be chosen by ballot at the present meeting, to continue in office one year from their election.
Resolved, That the said Board of Directors have the power generally to manage the affairs of the institution during the period for which they are elected.
Resolved, That it be the duty of the said Board of Directors to proceed immediately to the raising by such means as they shall deem most eligible the necessary funds, and thenceforth apply the same to the completion of the building; and to procure a dramatic company, when the prospects respecting the completion of the building will in their opinion warrant the same.
Whereupon the meeting proceeded to the election of a Board of Directors for one year, when the following gentlemen were elected.
John P. Van Ness, Samuel Harrison Smith, Robert Brent, William Brent, and Thomas Law.
Resolved, That the proceedings of this meeting be published in the National Intelligencer.
ROBERT BRENT, Chairman. June 18—3w
NOTICE.
THE Subscriber, being legally and fully authorized, by his assignees, to adjust, and settle finally, all the concerns of his former estate, surrendered under the laws of Pennsylvania, of Maryland, and of the United States, hereby calls on all persons indebted to said estate, to make payment to him; and on all who have claims, to render him their accounts, with notice of what property's still held in pledge for securing payment.
JAMES GREENLEAF. Philadelphia, April 13—wtf
NOTICE.
The subscriber having been legally authorized, by Messrs. Henry Pratt Thomas Willing Francis, John Miller, jun John Ashley, and Jacob Baker, trustees of a fund created from the joint and separate estates of Robert Morris, John Nicholson and James Greenleaf, and generally denominated, the "Aggregate Fund," hereby calls on all persons, having any claims or pretensions, by Mortgage or otherwise, to any of the objects of the said Fund, to make the same known to him, with a view to their adjustment. And all persons disposed to purchase any of the property of the said Fund either for cash, or on terms of short credit, are desired to make early application to JAMES GREENLEAF.
Philadelphia April 13—wtf The property of the AGGREGATE FUND lying in or near the river Potomac, consists of a large number of house lots in the city of Washington.
A number of handsome brick houses and a few wooden houses in do. Awharf and store on do. Lands on the Eastern Branch, opposite do. Do. on Hunting Creek near Alexandria. Do. adjoining Fort Cumberland. Do. about 12 miles from do.
The subscriber will in person receive applications on any of the objects of his agency, at Mr. Stetson's hotel, until the 10th inst. after which until further notice, he requests that all applications may be made to capt. Thomas Tingey, William Cranch, esq or Mr. Samuel Elliot, jun.
JAMES GREENLEAF. Washington, June 4—3t wtf
PROPOSALS
By THOMAS HERTY, Of the City of Washington, Conveyancer, for publishing by Subscription The Second Volume of his DIGEST OF THE Laws of Maryland.
IT will contain all the public acts of assembly passed since the publication of the first volume to the present time, which have not been repealed—that is, the acts of the sessions of 1798, 1799, 1800, 1801, 1802 and 1803. It will be printed of the same size, in the same order of arrangement and have reference to such parts of the first volume as are repealed, expired or which may otherwise undergo alterations, with a neat index: subjoined to which, will be given by way of Appendix, a variety of precedents adapted to the law, for the use of justices of the peace, &c. &c.
CONDITIONS.  1. It will be put to press as soon as a sufficient number of subscribers is procured to defray the expense of the work, and finished immediately thereafter as soon as a first attention to neatness and accuracy will admit.  2. Price to subscribers 2 Dollars (pitched, to be paid for on delivery; to non-subscribers the price will be enhanced.  3. Those procuring 9 subscribers, and accountable for the money, will be entitled to an additional copy. 
Subscriptions received by the Editor at his office near the Treasury Department, by the Bookfellers in Maryland, and by those in whose hands subscription papers are left.
Printers of Newspapers in Maryland giving the above due publicity will be entitled to a copy.
N. B. He has in forwardness and will issue proposals as soon as ready for
A System of Conveyancing calculated for each state in the union; to the precedents of each species, will be prefixed observations on their nature and use, the law on the subject of alienation by deed of each particular state, shall be exhibited, and how such deed shall be authenticated when executed as well by residents as by non-residents, or, as well in the state as out of the state; together with all interesting particulars.
March 19— wtf.
never give my sanction to decrees which tend to their annihilation; since, were I capable of doing so, the French nation might well accuse me, one day, of injustice or weakness. You, my lord archbishop, submit yourself to the decrees of Providence, while I believe that I manifest also my submission, by not abandoning myself to the torrent of enthusiasm which hurries on all the different orders of the state, but which only glides lightly over the surface of my soul. I will do all in my power to preserve my clergy and my nobility; and should the will of the people decide against it, I shall have fulfilled my duty. If superior force obliges me to grant my sanction, I must yield, but there will then remain in France neither monarchy nor monarch, things which can only exist where the clergy form a venerable and august order, and where the nobility enjoy a certain preponderance, and can place themselves between the king and the people. I know, my lord, that the moment is critical: we stand in need of the illumination of heaven; deign to invoke that illumination; and we shall be heard from above.
LEWIS.
After elucidating cotemporaneous events, and comparing the declarations of the king with his genuine sentiments, Miss Williams concludes her remarks on this letter in the following words:
"If superior force obliges me to grant my sanction," adds the king, "I must yield: but there will then remain in France neither monarchy nor monarch, things which can only exist where the clergy form a venerable & august order, and where the nobility enjoy a certain consideration, and can place themselves between the king and the people." If, by the terms monarchy and monarch, the king understood (what the words import) the will of one individual in the state, to the exclusion of the rest—or, if he meant the continuation of those abuses which fortified every privileged order against the rights and liberties of the nation in general—he was in the right. After the explosion which had taken place in July, and the surrender made of those abuses and privileges by the nobility and clergy, it was impossible that such a monarchy or monarch should exist. This then was the fatal error into which the king had fallen. He had been taught, by those that surrounded him, that the revolution which had taken place was only a transient effort; that clothed with supreme power as he had always been, and habitually obeyed as were the people, he had only to resist the shock by temporising, and every thing would return to its accustomed order. If he could not have prevailed with himself to bend or rather elevate his mind to the rank in which the French nation had placed him, that of being the reformer of French liberty & first magistrate of a free people, it would have been much more ingenuous, and noble to have avowed his sentiments with frankness, and have terminated his career with the dignity becoming his character. On the contrary, we behold him making the fairest profession of attachment to the new order of things, whilst he was secretly resolved to overthrow it as soon as the occasion should offer; weak in every purpose where he should have confidence, and strong and persevering in every determination which could not fail to bring ruin on himself, and perpetuate the disorders and calamities of his country."
LETTER XXIV.
To M. De Baument, Agent at London.
November 29, 1789.
Your last letter terminates nothing, and speaks little of the operations with which you are charged. What indifference, or what apathy! You know I stand in need of the sum which you were directed to negotiate; and you suffer it to be obtained by others. You have not seen the bankers; and you allow the loan of the duke of Orleans to be quietly effected, although the moments were so precious, and money so necessary. I know well that the minister of the interior, with his counter police, attaches but little, and costs me a great deal. He knows all my repugnance to incurring debt, and how small a value I place on the means of seduction. He wishes to see the duke of Orleans, who ruin himself to do harm, and avenge himself of some silly fongs, or some marks of contempt, which in my opinion he well deserved.
One of my agents at the Palais Royal has made known to me, not only the destination of the sums he has borrowed, but the actual employment of those sums; and it is certain, that the discount deducted, together with the profits of the brokers, fifteen hundred thousand livres have been distributed among the principal partisans of the duke of Orleans. M. Rabeau has had eighty thousand livres for his share, which were counted down at Latouche's, and carried in three hackney coaches to the rue Chaudee d'Antin. I have the list of the deputies who have received money.
Sixty thousand livres were distributed in the Faubourg St. Antoine, and to some partisans of the duke. They have been eager to pay off the arrears to some daring men, known by their intriguing spirit, and their ambitious views. The name of a certain Marat is inscribed on the list; that also of Danton, and of some Genevan refugees in France, of that party which calls itself patriotic; upon the whole, those of some obscure, but very dangerous individuals.
Thus, a number of wicked persons are united against me. I am persuaded that I must, as you tell me, employ their tactics, and attack some enterprising men to my interests, or rather recompense the zeal of some of my faithful subjects. I shall distribute with pleasure the money I have promised, which shall be employed, not for the commission of crimes, but shall serve to watch over my enemies, and counteract their projects. Hasten to execute my orders; fill up the loan; and avail yourself of the good dispositions abroad.
LEWIS.
* A paper was fastened, with a pin, to this letter, containing the lists of the names of those who had received sums arising from the loan made by the duke of Orleans at London, in 1789.
Judge Tate's charge to the grand jury of Clark county, Georgia, March term, 1804.
Gentlemen of the grand jury.
The great and rapid improvements making in our country, in all the arts of civilized life, must be a source of real pleasure to every good citizen. Two centuries ago this extensive continent was a wide wilderness, the haunt of wild beasts, or of man more savage than the beasts. At present such has been the progress of the founders of this new empire, in agriculture, in commerce, in some branches of manufacture, in literature, in science, and in some of the fine arts, that we may justly challenge a competition with the older nations of Europe, who have been laboring these two thousand years for their present attainments.
To come home to our own particular situation.—A few years back the western part of this state was a dark forest, the arms of civilized life had not yet embraced this part of our country—It was the reign of silence, or if that silence was interrupted, it was by the yell of the savage or the howl of ravenous beasts. But at present the country is filled with inhabitants; and your county particularly, gentlemen, is not only respectable for its population, but ere long from the fertility of your soil it must be respectable for its wealth, and may I not add that your citizens will become respectable also for their information. You have the happiness to have founded in your county the state University, an advantage you should prize above all price. The convenience of educating your sons and daughters at your own doors, is a blessing which falls to the lot of but few. We may confidently hope, that this our nursery of science and of literature will shed a new light over the rising generation, that, through it useful knowledge will be more generally diffused and that as we progress in wealth and population, we shall in like manner, advance in the improvements of the mind.
These, gentlemen are the effects of a free government, of institutions, the admiration of the wise and good through the world, of laws efficiently administered. To preserve to ourselves these blessings, to infuse into the body politic a due portion of health, and to vindicate the laws when violated, a pure, an uniform and energetic administration of justice is necessary. From your remote and frontier situation, your county may have become, as is usual, the resort of disorderly characters. To suppress disorder, to detect guilt, to give energy to law, and protection to virtue, is your province at the present term. Have any crimes or misdemeanors been committed in your county? It is your duty to bring the offenders forth that they may receive the punishment for the offence.—Have any of your county officers, either exceeded their powers, or neglected their duties? If so, they are proper objects of your enquiry and presentment.—Your duty requires that you should be firm, yet temperate in your deliberations, that while you permit no violation of the law to escape with impunity you become not, to any one, the vehicle of envy, hatred or malice.—Good order, respect for the laws, security in person, reputation and property, will no doubt, be the result of a faithful discharge of your several duties.
THOMAS M'EUEN, THOMAS HALE & WILLIAM DAVIDSON. SON, who heretofore, have translated business under the firm of Thomas M'Euen & Co. will in future use that of M'EUEN, HALE & DAVIDSON. PHILADELPHIA, Feb. 1—tw&ugtf

We have made several extracts from Miss Williams "Political and confidential correspondence of Lewis the Sixteenth." The reader of these extracts will have perceived that the author, notwithstanding the extraordinary vicissitudes of her life, maintains an unimpaired devotion to liberty. The principles, which she so eloquently recommended at the dawn of the French revolution, are still regarded by her as sacred; and however she may deplore and justly reprobate the popular excesses that ensued, she has not suffered her faith in the great cause of human happiness to wax cold.
It will not excite surprise that a mind thus firmly devoted to truth, should rejoice in that state of things which exists in the United States. Hence we find, in her delineation of the character of the illustrious Turgot, a man whose soul was was identified with philanthropy, and whose understanding was equal to executing the sublimest conceptions, the following remarks:
"M. Turgot soon afterwards endeavoured to establish a doctrine which has met with a more favorable reception, that of the continual progress of the human mind to a state of perfection, or what is called the doctrine of perfectibility. In this work, which remains unpublished, he speaks of certain events, as hastening this great amelioration. One of those events was the American revolution, which he lived to see accomplished. Of the effects of this revolution he conceived hopes, which, under the administration of the wise president who is now called to govern that vast country, seem likely to be realised."
Massachusetts Legislature.
On Tuesday June 5, Mr. Bidwell moved, in the Senate of this commonwealth, "that a committee be appointed to bring in a resolve for disfranchising the commonwealth for the choice of electors of President and Vice President of the United States." Thursday June 7th at 11 o'clock was assigned for taking the motion into consideration. After the assignment, an order came up from the house appointing a committee of five, to wit, Messrs. Ely, Spooner (of B.) Mitchell, (of N. Y.) Tuft and Cleveland, on the part of the House, to be joined "to consider the most proper mode of appointing electors of President and Vice President of the United States, on the part of this commonwealth."
On the question of concurring with the house in the appointment of such a committee, the yeas were 21, nays 12. The Hon. Messrs. Bigelow, Bringham, Hooker and Prescott were joined. Hon. Mr. Bidwell was chosen on the committee but declined serving.
On Thursday June 7th, before the hour of assignment, the committee made the following report:—"The joint committee appointed to consider the most proper mode of appointing electors of President and Vice President on the part of this commonwealth, report the following, viz. that the whole number of electors on the part of this commonwealth be chosen by the people thereof, at large in a general ticket, and that one at least of said electors be an inhabitant of each district of the Commonwealth as established for the purpose of choosing Representatives in Congress." Which is submitted. DL. BIGELOW.
It was assigned for consideration on Friday, June 8, at ten o'clock.
The order of the day on Mr. Bidwell's motion being then moved, it was postponed till 11 o'clock on Friday. June 8, agreeably to assignment, the report of the Committee was taken into consideration. After some general observations, Mr. Bidwell moved, as an amendment to the report, to strike out all the words after "thereof" and insert—"by Districts, so as to have it, that the whole number of Electors on the part of this Commonwealth, be chosen by the people thereof, by districts. The motion was supported by the mover, and the Hon. Messrs. Bacon, Hill, Bartlett, Howe and Chandler; and opposed by the Hon. Messrs. Bigelow, Titcomb, Prescott, Brigham, Phillips (of Suffolk) Quincy, Russell, Brown and Hooker. After a lengthy and animated debate, the amendment was negatived.
NAYS—Hon. Messrs. Thompson, Bigelow, Maynard, Brigham, Hale, Starkweather, M'Lellan, Titcomb, Storer, Cushing, Heard, Derby, Hooker,
Sears, Russell, Hill, (of Lincoln) Prescott Brown, Phillips, (of Suffolk) Quincy and Phillips, (of Essex)—21.
YEAS—Hon. Messrs. Bacon, Coffin, Maynard, Ellis, Deane, Hill, (of Middlesex) Hildreth, Bidwell, Woodman, Howe, Chandler, Morton and Bartlett—13.
Mr. Bidwell then moved another amendment, to strike out all the words after "that," and insert—"seventeen of said electors be chosen by the people in the seventeen districts established by law for the choice of Representatives in Congress, and that two of said electors be chosen by the people at large." After a few observations in support of this amendment by the Honorable mover, the question was taken on it by yeas and nays, which were the same as on the other amendment. The amendment being lost, the question was then taken on the report, which was accepted, 21 to 13. On this question, the yeas and nays were the reverse of those on the two last votes. Gen. BULL was absent, attending the Court of common pleas at Concord.
BOSTON, June 12.
ANSWER OF THE SENATE TO THE GOVERNOR OF MASSACHUSETTS.
May it please your Excellency,
The Senate are impressed with a deep sense of the obligations which result from the constitution, and of the indissoluble connexion between its principles and those of "piety, justice, moderation, temperance, industry and frugality." On this account, it is a source of high satisfaction to them, that your Excellency is again placed at the head of this Commonwealth, and that the principles and virtues inculcated by the Constitution, shall yet continue to gain illustration from the precepts and example of the Chief Magistrate. On this event so auspicious to virtue and liberty, they cannot refrain from congratulating themselves and their fellow citizens.
The opinions expressed by your Excellency, touching the perfection of civil liberty, its opposition to licentiousness and its consistency with the restrictions of law and justice are entirely in unison with the sentiments of the Senate and with the principles of the Constitution. The dangers to liberty, from the indirection of mistaken, and from the artifices of ambitious men, cannot be too frequently deprecated.
In all free states the tyrants who have ultimately wrestled from the people their liberties, have commenced their machinations under "the garb of patriotism," and have risen into influence by employing "their talents to inflame the passions of the people and excite their contempt of decency and order." Whenever therefore, in any country, a class or description of men arise, making loud and exclusive pretensions of friendship for the people, yet supporting those pretensions by no rare instances of private or public virtue; when such a class or description of men set themselves assiduously to deceive and corrupt the people, striving by subtle insinuations and by the circulation of anonymous falsehoods to deprive honorable and virtuous men of the fair rewards of their talents and integrity, it becomes all those who have a real regard for the people and who possess a just and noble zeal to perpetuate the blessings of liberty, order and religion to be vigilant, active and instant to maintain the fundamental principles of a free government, "piety, justice, moderation, temperance, industry and frugality;" and "to have a particular attention to all those principles in the choice of their officers and representatives."
The Senate fully concur in sentiment with your Excellency that public happiness is founded on order, and that to maintain it injustice must be restrained, life and property guarded against outrage, the simple and innocent placed in security from artifice and fraud, and such a state of tranquility produced, as that the most defenceless may be safe under the protection of government. And your Excellency may rest assured that in all our deliberations concerning public or private rights and interests, they will keep constantly in view those great, just and constitutional principles of rational liberty and practical equality which your Excellency has been pleased to elucidate. And as on the one hand it shall be their assiduous study to preserve and cherish the equality of rights, which consists in assuring protection to each individual, in the amenability of all men, of every description to justice, in equal government and impartial laws, so on the other it shall be their solicitude to restrain that injurious and disgraceful spirit of equality—falsely so called, which would prostitute the honors and preemptions of the people, due only to merit and capacity, to criminal ambition and intrigue; a spirit which never fails to arise in a republic "when manners are exceedingly depraved, when upright magistrates are no longer respected, and parents and public instructors are treated with rudeness and insolence, when the child behaves himself proudly against the ancient, and the base against the
honorable, and the natural and necessary distinctions in society are disregarded." The Senate entirely coincide in the sentiments of your Excellency that "in some nations the genius and habits of the people seem not to admit of a free government, and that they appear to be incapable of that just and reasonable obedience which is necessary in a free state." A wise people therefore, like that of the United States, engaged sincerely and heartily in the great experiment of ascertaining the capacity of the people to enjoy perfect liberty with moderation, should admit with great circumspection, the subjects of such nations to a free participation in their political rights and privileges; and should also at all times patronize "those institutions which form the manners and morals of the people and which tend to inspire them with veneration for the Supreme Being, with reverence for just authority and respect for themselves."
The communications made by your Excellency, relative to the choice of Electors of President and Vice-President and to the Judiciary Department shall receive that attention which the high nature of those subjects demands. The Senate have a deep conviction of the importance of an impartial distribution of justice: to the attainment of which a practicable and convenient system, as well as independent Judges and enlightened and upright Jurors is essentially necessary.
Your Excellency may always rely on the zealous co-operation of the Senate in all measures which tend to render the state respectable, to promote justice among our fellow citizens and secure to them a life of quiet and tranquility."
From the New-Hampshire Gazette.
PORTSMOUTH, June 12.
New-Hampshire politically regenerated.
We rejoice in communicating to our fellow citizens the happy issue of the election. The House and Senate are decidedly republican. The hon. JOHN LANGDON was appointed Speaker of the House, & NICHOLAS GILMAN, Esq. President of the Senate. It is true the federalists have got a governor, but republicans have limited his power, and set bounds to the ambition of an usurping faction. It is more than probable that this state will approve of the amendment of the constitution, and that one more effort will completely secure the full triumph of reason over blindness and folly. What more grateful to the feelings of every well-wisher to his country, than to witness the return of an apostate and prodigal? Such has been the state of New-Hampshire, but convinced of her error, she has once more returned to her allegiance and is now ready to greet with fraternal smiles her long lost sister states. We dare pledge ourselves that no efforts whatever will induce the citizens of this state again to sacrifice their freedom and happiness at the shrine of federalism, so called, but tasting once more the blessings of republicanism, they will rise superior to tory craft and cheerfully contribute to maintain and protect the government of the Union no less than that of the state. We do not enlarge, but in common with others rejoice that we have thus so favorable an account of this state to present to our readers.
The old republican spirit of New-Hampshire revived, or the delusion of false federalism dissipated by the light of truth.
SUMMARY
Of New Hampshire Election.
On Wednesday the 6th instant the constitutional day for the organization of the various branches of the government. The members elected for legislation the ensuing year, assembled at Concord. In the afternoon the House proceeded to the choice of a Speaker—when, on counting the ballots it appeared that Mr. LANGDON, the republican candidate, had 83, and Mr. PRENTICE, the former Speaker and federal candidate, had 71 votes—Mr. Langdon, of course was declared Speaker. It appearing that only 11 Senators had been elected by the people, viz. 6 republicans and 5 federal. The legislature, in convention proceeded to fill the vacancy in the district in which there had been no choice, when it appeared that Mr. WALDRON, the republican candidate had 94 votes, and Mr. WINGATE, the federal candidate 75 votes—the republican candidate was therefore declared duly elected. Several members having since taken their seats, it appears that the House of Representatives now consists of 159, of whom 89 are republicans & 70 federalists. The Senate is composed of 7 republicans and 5 federalists—of course the legislature has a republican majority in both branches. On Thursday the votes for governor were canvassed, when it appeared that there were returned in season for Mr. GILMAN, 12216
By Piermont set aside, being given on the wrong day, 38 By Stratford not duly returned, 10
 Whole number given by the people for Gilman, 12264  For Mr. Langdon, returned in season, 12039  By Society-land, returned but not seal-nably, 20  By Piermont, set aside as above mentioned, 71  By Stratford, not returned, 31  Whole number of votes given by the people for Langdon, 12161  Scattering votes, 27  Making in all given by the people, 24452 
Of which 12227 were a majority, leaving Mr. Gilman eleven less than a majority of the whole number of votes given by the people—But as from the aforementioned delinquencies of several towns, there were but 12216 votes for Mr. Gilman counted by the Legislature—and 12039 counted for Mr. Langdon, and scattering votes, 27 making in the whole that were counted but 24282 of which the majority was 12142; Mr. G. of course had a majority of 74 votes of those that were counted by the legislature—Mr. G. was therefore declared Governor, duly elected by a majority of 74 votes—tho' had all the votes given, been returned and counted, there would have been no choice by the people; who then would have been declared Governor, would not be difficult to predict.
The votes for Councillors were then canvassed, when it appeared that two republicans were elected by large majorities, and 3 federalists, two of them by very lean numbers.—The convention afterwards proceeded to the choice of a Secretary of the State, when the Federalists, suspecting that the venerable and upright Secretary Pearson, who had served the public in that department more than 20 years, was not sufficiently devoted to their views, opposed the whole federal phalanx to his election in favour of another candidate—but the republicans, grateful for past services, re-elected the man, who had grown grey, tho' not like his coadjutors, rich, in the public service—Mr. Peabody, the late federal Treasurer was dismissed, and Mr. Nathaniel Gilman, brother to the Governor, but a republican, elected in his stead.—Thus ends the history of the first week of the first session of the first republican legislature of New Hampshire, since the late attempts to erect a monarchy on the ruins of our republican government.
There could be no stronger evidence of the firmness and independence of the republicans in our legislature, than was exhibited in the election of Mr. Gilman for treasurer in the room of Mr. Peabody. As the popularity of Mr. Peabody is so extensive, and the attachment to his person so universal, that many who voted against him, did undoubtedly sacrifice private feelings, to the rectitude of political principles.—And such men, we may presume, did the interests of the people require it, would like the virtuous Brutus, immolate the dearest objects of their affections, as victims on the altar of their country.
From THE TRUE AMERICAN.
Serious Questions, and true Answers.
Why do the Federal papers attack the private characters of men in office? Because their public conduct is so wise and just as to be invulnerable; and a slander on private reputation is less likely to be refuted than one on public conduct; the latter being within the reach of every man, while the former can be known to comparatively but few.
Why do the Federal papers, in treating of public measures, resort to misrepresentation and falsehood? Because if those measures were fairly and truly represented by them, every honest reader they have, would become a supporter of the administration.
Why do the Federal papers substitute assertions and abuse, for facts and arguments? Because facts and arguments all make against them, and would, if used, effect their own destruction.
Why have the Federalists, possessing as they say they do all the Talents of the country, and employing as we know they do, every means in their power to carry their purposes, been defeated in almost every quarter of the Union by the illiterate and half witted democrats (as they contemptuously call the republicans)?
Because the cause of Federalism IS A BAD ONE, and all the talents in the Universe could not sustain it for any length of time among an enlightened people;—while the cause of republicanism IS A GOOD ONE, and truth, even without talents or learning, or in opposition to both, can support and prosper it.
PLAIN TRUTH.
ATTENTION!
The officers of Col. BRENT'S Legion not having met, according to Notice, on Monday evening last, owing to the extreme badness of the weather, the business upon which they were called is deferred until THURSDAY NEXT Feb. 21st instant at 6 o'clock P. M. at Mr. RHODES'S Hotel; when and where a punctual attendance is expected.
The Directors of the Washington Theatre, are requested to meet at STELLE'S Hotel this evening at 7 o'clock P. M.
MECHANIC'S HALL
Is to let for a term of three years. The subscriber being proprietor of the above premises and having lately met very unexpectedly with troubles of a domestic nature which has greatly disconcerted him and consequently injured his business. The public in general, and his friends in particular are notified that he gratefully acknowledges the liberal support they have given him since he commenced the tavern line, and begs they will not forsake him, as he has a larger and better assortment of liquors than he ever had before, and in addition thereto he has ice and fruit, also a variety of new newspapers. He pledges himself to double (if possible) his exertions to please and accommodate all who may call on him, until a suitable tenant can be had.
A description of the property is thought needless as it is known and presumed that no one will rent without viewing the premises.
ANDREW M'DONALD.
George Town, June 20—3tw23w
TAKE NOTICE.
THE sale of those lands, lots, and houses in the city of Washington and district of Columbia on which the direct tax and cost has not been paid is postponed until Friday the 20th of July, at Mr. Rhodes's tavern Sale to commence at 10 o'clock A. M. and continue from day to day until the whole are sold—any person wishing to examine the list of the property may by calling on the subscriber living in George Town.
GEORGE MAGRUDER, Collector 6th collection district. June 18—td of f.
Valuable Lands for Sale.
By order of the court of Calvert county, will be exposed to Public Sale the following lands, the property of the heirs of captain Walter Smith, deceased.
ON Monday the 20th day of August next, will be sold on the premises the plantation on which the said capt. Walter Smith formerly resided, containing by actual survey, 1225 1-8 acres of land lying adjoining Patuxent river, bounded on the south west by the said river, on the east by a fine navigable creek, called Saint Leonard's creek, so that one and a half miles of fencing will include the whole land—The soil of this land is equal if not superior to any on Patuxent, either for farming, planting or grazing, and in their section the greatest plenty of fine fish and oysters may be had either from the river or creek—A great part of the above land is covered with Red Cedar, fit for posts or fencing.
On Tuesday the 21st on the premises, will be sold one other plantation in the Forest at about two miles distance from the former containing by survey 627 and one half acres of land, the greatest part of which is covered with hickory, chestnut and oak wood, and a great proportion of swamp land, which at a trifling expence might be converted into valuable meadow, belongs to this land.
On Thursday the 23rd on the premises, will be sold one other plantation lying adjoining on Chesapeake Bay, bounded on the north east by the said bay, on the north by a creek called Parkers creek, containing by survey 536 1-2 acres of land, on this land there are a good proportion marsh and meadow land and a great abundance of fine timber.
It is thought needless to give a fuller description of the above lands, as it is presumed that those who wish to purchase will view the lands previous to the day of sale—and on application to Mr. John Turner who resides near the two first mentioned tracts; they may see the plans of the different tracts of land, and will show the lands contiguous to him; and Mr. Richard Hance who resides on the last mentioned tract, will show the outlines of the same to any person wishing to view it.
The above lands will be sold either in the whole, or be divided into parcels as may appear most advantageous for the heirs. The purchasers to give bonds with approved securities for the purchase money, to be paid in three annual payments, the interest to be paid yearly, and on the ratification of the sale by the court, and a full payment of the purchase money and interest thereon a deed of conveyance will be executed to the purchaser agreeably to an act of Assembly in such case made and provided, by
J. WILKINSON, JAMES HUGHES, JOHN TURNER, Commissioners, Calvert county, June 8—14w20 Aug.
Valuable Land for Sale.
The executors of the last will and testament of Anthony Holmead deceased, will sell at private sale about forty acres of Land adjoining the city of Washington at the northern extremity of 20th Street west. This land is generally allowed to be one of the handiest situations near the city, having a beautiful prospect of nearly the whole of the city of Washington, Alexandria and George Town, and any person inclined to purchase this valuable property, will be shown the same, and know the terms by application to the subscriber near the premises.
JOHN HOLMEAD.
A person whose affairs have been deranged by unexecuted events, is desirous of being employed as the assistant or partner of some legal professional gentleman, to which profession he has been regularly bred in Europe. Particular information will be given by application at the office of the National Intelligencer.
June 8.

PROPOSALS.
For carrying the Mails of the United States on the following Post roads, will be received at the General Post Office in Washington, until the 15th day of June next, inclusive.
November 1 to May 1. Leave Fredericksburg every day, Monday excepted, at 3 a.m. and arrive at Richmond the same day by 7 d.m. Returning—Leave Richmond every day, Monday excepted, at 3 a.m. and arrive at Fredericksburg the same day by 8 p.m. 19. From Richmond by Manchester and Osborne to Petersburg every day. Leave Richmond every day at 4 a.m. and arrive at Petersburg by 9 a.m. Leave Petersburg every day at 3 p.m. and arrive at Richmond by 8 p.m. 20. From Richmond, Fraziers, New Kent ch. Williamburg, Yorktown, & Hampton to Norfolk, three times a week. Leave Richmond every Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 4 a.m. and arrive at Hampton by 9 p.m. and at Norfolk on Tuesday, Thursday & Saturday by 10 a.m. Returning—Leave Norfolk every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday at 3 p.m. and arrive at Richmond the next days by 7 p.m. in Summer, and 9 m. in Winter. 21. From Petersburg by City Point, Cabin Point, Smithfield, Surry ch. and Suffolk ch. to Portsmouth, three times a week. Leave Petersburg every Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 11 a.m. and arrive at Portsmouth the next days by 8 a.m. Returning—Leave Portsmouth every Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 4 p.m. and arrive at Petersburg the next days by 1 p.m. 22. From Charlottesville by Jacksontown, Pocotaligo and Coolwhatchie to Savannah, three times a week. Leave Charlottesville every Tuesday, Thursday & Saturday at 2 p.m. and arrive at Savannah on Wednesday, Friday and Sunday by 3 p.m. Returning—Leave Savannah every Tuesday, Thursday, & Sunday at 3 a.m. and arrive at Charlottesville on Wednesday, Friday and Monday by 9 a.m. 23. From Augusta by Jacksontown and Ebenezer to Savannah once a week. Leave Savannah every Saturday at 8 a.m. and arrive at Augusta on Tuesday by 10 a.m. Leave Augusta every Tuesday at 2 p.m. and arrive at Savannah on Friday by 4 p.m. 24. From Augusta by Waynesboro and Louisville to Savannah. Leave Savannah every Monday at 8 a.m. and arrive at Louisville on Wednesday by 9 a.m. Leave Louisville at 10 a.m. and arrive at Augusta on Thursday by 10 a.m. Returning, Leave Augusta every Thursday by 2 p.m. and arrive at Louisville on Friday by 10 a.m. Leave Louisville at 11 a.m. and arrive at Savannah on Sunday by 6 p.m. 25. From Savannah by Bryan ch. Midway Church, Riceboro, McIntosh ch. Darien, Frederica, Jekyll Island, and Dungeness Nelt to St. Mary's, once a week. Leave Savannah every Monday at 8 a.m. and arrive at St. Mary's on Thursday by 10 a.m. Returning, Leave St. Mary's every Thursday at 2 p.m. and arrive at Savannah the next by Sunday 6 p.m. 26. From Jekyll Island to Brunswick, once a week. Leave Jekyll Island every Thursday at 5 a.m. and arrive at Brunswick by 10 a.m. Returning, Leave Brunswick every Thursday at 2 p.m. and arrive at Jekyll Island by 6 p.m. IN MAINE. 27. From Brunswick by Litchfield and Hallowell to Augusta once a week. Leave Brunswick every Friday at 6 a.m. and arrive at Augusta the same day by 6 p.m. Leave Augusta every Saturday at 6 a.m. and arrive at Brunswick the same day by 6 p.m. 28. From Wilscasset by Edgecomb to Booth Bay once a week. Leave Wilscasset every Monday at 6 a.m. and arrive at Booth Bay by 10 a.m. Returning—Leave Booth Bay every Monday at 1 p.m. and arrive at Wilscasset by 4 p.m. IN NEW-HAMPSHIRE. 29. From Fryeborg in Maine by Conway, the Notch of the White mountain, Jefferson and Lancaster to Guildhall ch. in Vermont once in two weeks. Leave Fryeborg every other Wednesday at 6 a.m. and arrive at Guildhall on Thursday by 10 a.m. Returning—Leave Guildhall every Thursday at 2 p.m. and arrive at Fryeborg on Friday by 6 p.m. 30. From Conway to Alton once in two weeks. Leave Conway every other Wednesday at noon and arrive at Alton by 6 p.m. Leave Alton every other Thursday at 1 a.m. and arrive at Conway by noon. IN VERMONT. 31. From Littleton in New-Hampshire by St. Johnsbury, Danville, Walden, Wolcott, Johnson and Fletcher to St. Albans once in two weeks. Leave Littleton every other Monday 1 p.m. & arrive at Lancaster ch. by 9 a.m. and arrive at St. Albans the next Wednesday by 6 p.m. Leave St. Albans every other Thurs-
day at 6 a.m. and arrive at Littleton the next Saturday by 6 p.m. IN MASSACHUSETTS. 32. From Shrewsbury by Holden, Rutland, Oakham, Harvard, Greenwich, Pelham and Amherst to Northampton once a week. Leave Shrewsbury every Tuesday at 6 a.m. and arrive at Northampton on Wednesday by 10 a.m. Leave Northampton on Wednesday at 2 p.m. and arrive at Shrewsbury on Thursday by 6 p.m. IN CONNECTICUT. 33. From Hartford by Granby and Granville to Blandford in Massachusetts once a week. Leave Hartford every Thursday at 8 a.m. and arrive Blandford by 6 p.m. Leave Blandford every Wednesday at 8 a.m. and arrive at Hartford by 3 p.m. 34. From New-Haven by Hamden, Chester and Southington to Farmington once a week. Leave New-Haven every Tuesday at 8 a.m. & arrive at Farmington by 6 p.m. Leave Farmington every Monday at 8 a.m. & arrive at New-Haven by 6 p.m. 35. From Hartford by Glastenbury and Colchester to New London once a week. Leave Hartford every Thursday at 8 a.m. & arrive at New London by 6 p.m. Leave New London every Friday at 8 a.m. & arrive at Hartford by 6 p.m. IN NEW YORK. 36. From Kingston by Catskill, Lundenburg and Coxsackie to Albany once a week. Leave Kingston every Monday at 6 a.m. & arrive at Albany on Tuesday by 10 a.m. Leave Albany every Saturday at noon and arrive at Kingston on Sunday by 6 p.m. 37. From Lansingburg by Scaticook, Esopus, Argyle and Hartford to Whitehall once in two weeks. Leave Lansingburg every Wednesday by 2 p.m. & arrive at Whitehall on Thursday by 6 p.m. Leave Whitehall every Tuesday at 6 a.m. & arrive at Lansingburg on Wednesday by 10 a.m. 38. From Oswego by D'lyden and Milton to Scipio once a fortnight. Leave Oswego every other Thursday at 2 p.m. & arrive at Scipio on Friday by 6 p.m. Leave Scipio every other Saturday at 6 a.m. & arrive at Oswego on Monday by 8 a.m. 39. From the Little Falls to Fairfield once a week. Leave the Little Falls every Tuesday at 1 p.m. & arrive at Fairfield by 3 p.m. Leave Fairfield at 4 p.m. & arrive at the Little Falls by 6 p.m. 40. From Kingston by Woodstock & Middletown to Delhi once a week. Leave Kingston every Monday at 6 a.m. & arrive at Delhi on Tuesday at 11 a.m. Leave Delhi every Tuesday at 1 p.m. and arrive at Kingston on Wednesday by 6 p.m. IN PENNSYLVANIA. 41. From Williamsport by Crooked Creek and Lindsleytown to Painted Post once a week. Leave Williamsport every Monday at 6 a.m. & arrive at Painted Post on Tuesday by 6 p.m. Leave Painted Post every Saturday at 6 a.m. & arrive at Williamsport on Sunday by 6 p.m. 42. From Chambersburg by Strasburg and Fannettsburg to Huntingdon once a week. Leave Chambersburg every Friday at 6 a.m. & arrive at Huntingdon on Saturday by 10 a.m. Leave Huntingdon every Saturday by 2 p.m. & arrive at Chambersburg on Sunday by 6 p.m. 43. From Alexandria by Hollidays, Beaula and Armagh to Greensburg once in two weeks. Leave Alexandria every other Saturday at 3 p.m. & arrive at Greensburg on Monday by 6 p.m. Leave Greensburg every other Tuesday at 6 a.m. & arrive at Alexandria on Thursday by noon. IN VIRGINIA. 44. From Clarkburg by Buchanan Settlement to Randolph ch. once in two weeks. Leave Clarkburg every other Monday at 6 a.m. & arrive at Randolph ch. by 6 p.m. Leave Randolph ch. every other Tuesday at 6 a.m. & arrive at Clarkburg by 6 p.m. 45. From Kenhawa ch. by Point Pleasant, Gallipolis and the Salt Springs to Chillicothe once in two weeks. Leave Kenhawa ch. every other Friday at 6 a.m. & arrive at Chillicothe on Monday by 10 a.m. Leave Chillicothe every other Monday by 2 p.m. & arrive at Kenhawa ch. on Thursday by 6 p.m. 46. From Marietta, Ohio, to Wood ch. once a week. Leave Marietta every Tuesday at 6 a.m. & arrive at Wood ch. by 6 p.m. Leave Wood ch. every Wednesday at 6 a.m. & arrive at Marietta by 6 p.m. 47. From Lancaster ch. to Kilmarnock once a week. Leave Lancaster ch. every Monday
at 6 a.m. & arrive at Kilmarnock by 11 a.m. Leave Kilmarnock every Monday at 1 p.m. 48. From Prince Edward ch. by Letters Store, Wheeler's Springs and Campbell ch. to New London once in two weeks. Leave Prince Edward ch. every other Saturday at 6 a.m. & arrive at New London on Sunday by 6 p.m. Leave New London every other Monday at 8 a.m. & arrive at Prince Edward on Tuesday by 6 p.m. (To be continued.)
Prince George's County, Upper Marlboro, June 12, 1804.
At a respectable meeting of republican citizens of Prince George's County, pursuant to the recommendations of a former meeting, HUMPHREY BELT, Esquire, having been appointed Chairman, and TRUEMAN TYLER, Secretary, the following resolutions were unanimously adopted.
Resolved, That William Lyles, Alexander Covington, Alexander Contee and William W. Beery, Esquires be recommended to the people of this County as Delegates to the next General Assembly of Maryland.
Resolved, That Isaac Duckett, Humphrey Belt, James G. Wood, Thomas Hewitt and George F. Hawkins, Esqs. be a committee to confer with a similar committee on the part of Anne Arundel County, on a proper character to represent this district in Congress, in the place of Walter Bowie, Esq. who declines being a candidate.
Resolved, That Richard Sprigg, Thomas Rogers and Trueman Tyler, Esqs. be a committee to confer with Calvert County, and that part of Montgomery County composing the electoral District, on a proper character as an elector of President and Vice-President; and that it is the sense of this meeting that the said corresponding committee recommend, General Joseph Wilkinson, as a proper character to fill that appointment.
Resolved, That the proceedings of this meeting be published in the National Intelligencer and Maryland Gazette.
HUMPHREY BELT, Chairman. TRUEMAN TYLER, Secretary. June 18—ep3w.
In pursuance of an Act of Congress passed the 1st day of May 1802, entitled, "An act to abolish the board of Commissioners of the city of Washington, and for other purposes."
WE the undersigned have opened a book at Rhodes's tavern Pennsylvania avenue, for receiving subscriptions for opening the CANAL, to communicate from the Potomac river to the Eastern Branch thereof.
The Report and Plans of Mr. L'Enfant, on the subject, are deposited at Mr. Rhodes's for the inspection of those inclined to promote this useful and beneficial work.
THOMAS TINGEY, DANIEL GARROLL, of D'lyden. THOMAS LAW, DANIEL C. BRENT. Washington 11th June, 1804.
COLUMBIAN LIBRARY.
An Appendix to the Catalogue is this day published and may be had at the Library Room. In the course of the last year, the Directors have been incorporated by an act of Congress, and above 250 vols. have been added to the books, making in the whole upwards of 800 vols. New Shares may be had on application to the Librarian—Books are let out on hire to those who are not shareholders, and are to be taken out and returned on the afternoons of Wednesdays and Saturdays.
George Town, June 5—
House and Lot for Sale.
By virtue of a deed of trust from JOHN KENNEDY to the subscribers, will be sold by public sale, at Rhodes's tavern, in the city of Washington, on Friday the 25th day of May next, at 5 o'clock P. M. for ready money part of lot No. 1, in square No. 291 in said city, fronting 54 feet on Pennsylvania avenue and 100 feet 2 inches on 12th street west, conveyed by the commissioners to the said Kennedy, with the two story brick dwelling house built thereon, at present occupied by Augustus B. Woodward, Esq.
George Thompson, John Murdoch.
The sale of the above-mentioned House and lot not having taken place on the 25th inst. they will be sold, without reserve, on Wednesday the 20th day of June next, at the same place and hour of the day and on the terms above stated.
G. T. J. M.
George Town, May 30—tj20 As the proceeds of the above sale are intended to be paid into my hands, a bond or notes with approved security, bearing interest from date, and payable one third in 6 one third in 12 and one third in 18 months will be accepted of from the purchaser, in place of cash.
JOHN LAIRD.
Cheap Goods.
JOHN COX HAS received a large and handsome assortment of Spring and Summer goods, and is happy in having it in his power to sell them unusually low. George Town, May 14—ep3m
(BY AUTHORITY.) Scheme of a Lottery. To build an ACADEMY in the city of Richmond.
 1 Prize—last drawn ticket, having a blank to its number, 20,000  1 do. 10,000  1 do. 5,000  5 do. of 1,000 make 5,000  6 do. — 500 — 3,000  10 do. — 200 — 2,000  20 do. — 100 — 2,000  100 do. — 50 — 5,000  250 do. — 30 — 7,500  420 do. — 25 — 10,500  1,500 do. — 20 — 30,000  3,000 do. — 15 — 45,000  1 first drawn ticket after 1,000 having a blank to its number, 250  1 do. — 2,000 do. 250  1 do. — 3,000 do. 250  1 do. — 4,000 do. 250  1 do. — 5,000 do. 500  1 do. — 6,000 do. 500  1 do. — 8,000 do. 500  1 do. — 10,000 do. 500  1 do. — 12,000 do. 500  1 do. — 13,000 do. 500  1 do. — 14,000 do. 1,000  5,325 prizes, 150,000  9,675 blanks, 'not two to a prize,  15,000 tickets at 10 dollars each, 150,000  N. B. Prizes subject to a deduction of 15 per cent. 
This lottery has been authorized by the legislature of Virginia, for the laudable purposes of erecting a seminary of learning in or near the metropolis of this state. With this view, it is contemplated to raise 20,000 dolls. and 2,500 dolls. in addition, for defraying the expenses attendant on drawing the lottery. Citizens of the first respectability have been selected as trustees, and they have pledged themselves to use their utmost exertions to carry it into effect. The scheme has the advantage of giving to each adventurer, a chance for some very large prizes, whilst the proportion of prizes to blanks, is so great as to invite the friends of the intended institution to partake in the lottery, with very little risk of their becoming losers. The treasurer of the state is to be appointed to receive the money for the tickets as they are sold, and to pay the amount of the prizes to the fortunate adventurers. It is believed that the above considerations will induce a rapid sale of tickets, and the drawing will commence as soon as a sufficient number shall be sold to authorise it—which it is believed will be on the second Monday in December next.
Richmond, March 2—tf Tickets to be had of Robert Pollard Esq. John Brockenbrough, jun. Wm. Price (Reg.) Samuel Pleasants, jun. and William Prichard.
NOTICE.
APPLICATION is intended to be made at the Treasury of the United States, for the renewal of the following lost certificates; No. 362, 363, 364, 365, and 366, dated the 5th April 1804, for 2000 dollars each, Louisiana 6 per cent stock, in favor of John Coles of New London, signed by Joseph Nourse, Reg.
JOHN M'GOWAN. June 13, 1804—ep6w
WILL be sold at Public Auction if not previously disposed of to a private purchaser. On Friday the thirtieth of June at Mr. Semmes's tavern—Lot no. 57 at the corner of Fayette and First streets next to Mr. C. Lowndes' facing the Roman Chapel. There is a two story Frame House, with an excellent well on the premises, and the situation cannot be excelled for health. The dower in the property will be properly relinquished and satisfactory security given that the subscribers conveyance of the property upon the purchasers fulfilment of the terms. The conditions are one half of the purchase money in cash, and the other in a note of twelve months with approved endorser negotiable in the Bank of Columbia. EDWARD M. BUTLER. June 1—tf
For further particular's enquire at Mr. Lee's second brick house west of the War Office Pennsylvania avenue.
REMOVAL.
THOMAS CARPENTER, TAYLOR, Has removed to the house above Mr. RHODES (LATE LOVELL'S) HOTEL, near the President's Square. In addition to the present stock of goods, a handsome Affortment Is expected immediately. Gentlemen at a distance, by sending a line by post, will be waited upon with all possible expedition. T. C. will pledge himself to execute any order with a safe, expedition and moderation of charge, which shall not be excelled by any.
April 16—tf.
HAT MANUFACTURY.
The subscriber informs his customers and the public generally that he has discontinued business in the city of Washington, and has opened shop on Bridge street near the Union Tavern—he solicits the continuance of former customers, and hopes that all others who may chuse to call and purchase his manufacture will be amply suited, if neatness and goodncis be requisites. JOEL BROWN. George Town, Feb. 17—tf
ADVERTISEMENT.
THE Subscriber has for sale a likely well grown healthy strong NEGRO lad about sixteen years of age; although his conduct has been such as oblige me to part with him, I believe he will make a valuable slave to any man who lives in the country and who will keep him closely, and constantly at work. Apply at the house of the subscriber in George Town where in his absence his brother will treat for him. JOHN T. MASON. April 30—tf
CHARLES VARDIN, MERCHANT TAYLOR. Has received from Philadelphia in addition to his former stock, a handsome assortment of goods, consisting of the best London and Spanish superfine cloths and cassimeres, white and fancy Marceilles, colored and white James, India nankeens, cotton cassimeres, black silk and satin Florentines, with a variety of other articles suitable for the summer season. N. B. Ladies habits, regimentals, and navy uniforms made in the first stile of fashion. New Jersey avenue near the Capitol, June 8—tf
20 Dollars Reward.
TWO negro boys ran away from the subscriber, living in Prince George's county: one of the boys is black, and the other yellow—the black boy is about 16 years old, named Charles, full face and eyes, and pleasant countenance when he is spoken to. The yellow boy is near 15 years old, he is named Dys; it is supposed he will call himself William Dysou, he has a black spot on his right ham as large as a half dollar, and also a mould on his forehead rather over the right eye. It is unnecessary to mention their clothing, as it is supposed they will change them. This yellow boy is almost white, no one would suppose him a slave from his color; he is very handy about a house, is very smiling and talks very free and with good sense. Whoever takes up said boys shall receive the above reward from OSBORNE BELT, Residing on the pot road near Bladensburg. June 11—ep2w
CHARLES LOVE,
HAS for sale at his Warehouse on Jefferson Street (George Town) a general assortment of wire consisting of London particular Madeira, Sherry, Lisbon, Teneriffe, Calacaballa, Malaga, All of which he will sell at a fair price and on unusually long credit by the pipe or quarter casks. George Town, June 6—2w
The subscriber has received
from New York and will sell low, the following articles, 8 pipes genuine old Cogniac brandy, 10 casks sherry wine, Hylon, Young Hylon, Imperial and Souchong teas in chests, fresh and of a superior quality. 5 bags India sugar—a quantity of Beef and Pork of New York inspection, and a few bales of black pepper. WM. BRENT. Washington, June 6—ep3w
Union Tavern,
Bladensburg, Maryland. The subscriber respectfully informs his friends and the public generally, that he has opened a house of entertainment in Bladensburg, and is well furnished with every thing necessary in the tavern line—Such portions as feel disposed to visit the Spa during the season, can be comfortably accommodated, and every attention and accommodation will be paid and provided for them who favor him with their company. WILLIAM ROSS. Bladensburg, May 21—ep3m.
30 Dollars Reward.
RANAWAY from the Subscriber, living near Dumfries in Virginia, on the 11th inst. A Negro or dark Mulatto named PRINCE, about 22 years of age, about five feet nine inches high, bow legs, has a mark on his face occasioned by a fall from a horse and a scar on one of his wrists, from a cut with a broken glass bottle. I will give thirty dollars reward for apprehending and bringing said negro home. ROBERT GRAHAM. May 23—tf
NAVY DEPARTMENT.
ALL persons having claims against the estate of DAVID VALENZIN for maintaining and supporting him during his imprisonment, or for defraying the expenses of his interment, will be pleased to transmit their accounts duly authenticated to the Secretary of the Navy, on or before the 10th day of July next.
MEDITERRANEAN PASSPORTS.
Notice is hereby given, that it has been deemed expedient to change the form of the Mediterranean Passport issued to vessels of the United States; that from the eighth day of July next, those of the new form will be issued at the custom houses to every vessel, for which application may be made on a compliance with the terms prescribed by law and surrendering the former passport of which she may be possessed, if any, in which latter case no fees will be required for the exchange: and that by an arrangement agreed upon by the Barbary powers, with whom we are at peace, either the old or the new form of passport will be sufficient to protect the vessels of the United States, from capture until the 1st of July 1805, after which the old form of passport will be unavailable and the new one alone in use. Department of State, 23d of May, 1804. The printers of the laws of the United States are requested to insert the above in their Gazettes twice a week for the space of six months, and the Collectors of the Customs to keep copies of it posted up in their offices. May 30—2aw6m.