The national intelligencer and Washington advertiser. (Washington City [D.C.]), 1806-03-14 00:00:00

NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER, AND WASHINGTON ADVERTISER.
VOL. VI.
WASHINGTON CITY, PRINTED BY SAMUEL HARRISON SMITH, PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE.
No. DCCCXLVII.
FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM.
FRIDAY, MARCH 14, 1806.
PAID IN ADVANCE.
CONGRESS.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 28.
Debate, on Mr. Dawson's resolution.
Mr. COOK. I am not sorry that this debate has taken the range it has. Indeed the three resolutions are so connected with each other, that many of the arguments which apply to the first, may with equal propriety apply to the others; they all amount to the question of policy or impolicy of adopting or rejecting this system of defence.
I am in favor of the report of the select committee, because it provides for a species of defence, which alone can be brought into action, against overy offending nation.
I consider every class of American citizens as equally entitled to the protection of your government; and that such was the expectation at the adoption of the constitution. Are not all classes equally bound to obey your government? Surely they are. They have all then equally a right to your protection; for protection and obedience are reciprocal duties. Your merchants & your mariners are then as much entitled to protection in their pursuits, as are those whose pursuits are agricultural. Shall your laws give protection to your seamen, your merchants & their property, while in your rivers and ports, or within soundings; and will you abandon them on the high seas, the common property of all nations? Where will you draw the line of demarcation beyond which they shall be at the ban of the empire. They must be protected, sir, in all places. Our dominions consist of land and water—we have a property in severally, and one in common and undivided. The ocean is this common property—it is the highway of nations. The limits of a maritime country, sir, are undefinable.
In encouraging and protecting commerce, you equally encourage and protect agriculture. They depend on each other. A wound given to the one, affects the other. Agriculture & commerce, sir, are not as some suppose in hostility to each other—they are co-ordinate and co-relative—the speed of the ship is the speed of the plough. Without the active commerce of this country, agriculture would be choked by a surplus of produce and the want of a market. At a time of peace, at this very time, sir, what ships but American can transport the indigenous productions of this country, at a common freight and peace premium? There are none, sir; the increased premium is an abatement of the price of exports? Depress the enterprise of the merchant; abandon the protection of your navigation; & the planter will become dependent on the fortuitous arrival of belligerent ships for a market and a price.
What is the consequence if you do not guard your commerce? The rates of premium will be advanced to an incalculable amount. True, the consumer eventually pays; but the consumers are all your people; who would thus indirectly pay a tax perhaps treble or quadruple the amount of cost in providing and maintaining a naval defence?—And which is the more honorable? Which will most impair your revenue already greatly injured from want of protection?
I have said that the ocean is the common highway of nations; such it ought to be; but new principles are interpolated into the law of nations: robbers & pirates infest now every sea. The Mediterranean no longer excites superior dread; spoliations, insults and injuries, are now brought home to our shores: whole kingdoms are about to be declared in blockade; and I know not what will escape being considered as contraband of war. What, sir, are now the rights of neutrals? but the right to complain.—The modern law of nations, sir, is now what a single nation chooses to fashion it for maritime domination.
Sir, it is fairly presumable that a large majority of this House are indignant at our wrongs, and disposed to resent them: on the subject of means only can we differ.
Many gentlemen are in favor of acts of non-importation. But will this amount to protection? to that protection, sir, to which our commercial brethren are so justly entitled? Our merchants have suffered greatly: some half, and some wholly ruined. Shall we, for their satisfaction, tell them and others, that they may haul their vessels into dock to rot, while a non-importation act may continue to operate? Is this gratifying them protection?
Whence is it that your revenue is derived, by which your national debt is lessened; by which your civil list is paid, your very government supported? From commerce: and will you muzzle the ox that treadeth out your corn? What but commerce has raised this country to so enviable a height of prosperity? What but commerce, or taxes on commerce, has enabled you to build the navy you have; has empowered you to resist the encroachments and insults of foreign governments; or furnished the means to save our western brethren from
the inroads of the savage? Of what benefit was it to the northern states that millions of the public money were spent in support of a western army, and in defence of Mississippi navigation? This is not a question to be asked; for government was, and is bound to protect every part, and the rights of every class of citizens. E pluribus unum , is the motto of our government. If distinction, geographical distinctions and local interests are nourished, we shall become the dapes of our own sordid views and an easy prey to any foreign assaulting foe.
We are the second commercial nation in the world—living upwards of a million tons of shipping. Is our navy any way proportionable? By our commerce and our numbers compared with other nations, should we in the same manner proportion our naval strength; on the basis of numbers, we are entitled to thirty ships of the line and seventy frigates.
Some gentlemen are in favor of abandoning commerce to itself. Let commerce take care of itself, say they. If the merchant cannot pursue his occupation in safety and to advantage, let him quit it, retire from the sea ports and take hold of the plough. As well might we tell our brethren of the west; if the Indians harass you, and you cannot pursue your agricultural concerns, come here to our ports, and take to the smock and the fishing line for support. No, sir, we are not to abandon our different occupations, but to be protected in them.
I hardly should think the request of our merchants unreasonable, if they should hold to you language of this sort. All your revenue is derived from us: give us a naval defence in proportion to the amount of our tonnage, and to the revenue you receive from us. Such a naval defence would very far exceed an hundred large armed vessels. But such is not the demand: Their request amounts to but a small part of what can be afforded; a gradual increase of our navy, the expense of which will hardly be felt; which will in part be paid by the additional revenue arising from additional defence and security; much revenue has been sacrificed for want of naval defence, and hereafter, in proportion to the increase of our commerce will be the increase of our losses, unless that commerce be fostered by a protecting navy.
Great Britain knows the nature of our government, and its wishes to maintain peace; she expects we shall show our resentment, and seek our redress by the passing some species of non-intercourse act. Let us, sir, disappoint her; the disappointment will have a good effect.
Some gentlemen have supposed the present executive of the U. S. unfriendly to commerce. The belief must be unfounded in correctness. No man can believe this after reading the President's report made while he was secretary of state. He is friendly to our commerce, and must be friendly to its protection.
There are many gentlemen, who, under the administrations preceding the present, were much opposed to the creation of a navy. They wish to preserve consistency, and hence continue their opposition. But, are not cases altered by circumstances? What might have been highly improper then, may be strictly proper and necessary now.
Gentlemen, and among others the hon. Speaker, have said that we are now about commencing a new system. Surely this is not a question about the creation of a navy. A navy we already have. It commenced under the former administration; it has been continued by this. The question is, shall we or shall we not increase that navy to meet the exigency of our affairs.
It is said that a naval force tends to the provocation of insults and injuries; and unless it be immense, it must soon be destroyed. It is from nothing past that this argument can be drawn. Where was ever a nation possessed of naval force, whose navy was ever wholly destroyed? Look to all the minor powers of Europe, I mean minor in naval importance. They may have been partially injured, or greatly crippled, but none of them have been destroyed; although so much nearer to points of collision than we are.
Sir, we are a nation increasing with rapidity in wealth, numbers and general prosperity. It will indeed be strange, if we expect as we grow great to gain respectability by our pusillanimity. No, sir, the only, or certainly the most sure way, of gaining the respect of other nations, is by adopting the means that all nations adopt to become great; it is by our power that we are to be respected, and our rights and liberties maintained.
A navy equal to that of G. Britain, is neither needed nor expected by our merchants who are anxious for a navy as the only efficient defence against all nations; in future times, if wars cannot be avoided, (and, a power to wage war is the best security for peace) when we may be opposed to England, the other powers of Europe will be with us, when acting with England against other powers our force will be irresistible. I believe, sir, that if ever the enormous and gigantic power of the British Neptune is to be curtailed, it must be the work of
Americans. Yes, sir, our naval commanders are destined hereafter to reap laurels for victories obtained over British ships. When an armed neutrality was formerly projected, had we then possessed a navy, we might probably have rendered much assistance in checking the naval power of England. They have become the tyrants of the ocean; they have a sway over the seas far beyond what they ought to possess; it is necessary to lessen that power; and ought we not to yield our proportion of force for that purpose?
We talk much of favoring and protecting the rights of man. Has man no rights on the ocean? Have not our citizens rights on the water as well as on the land? We seem to have one right, and only one, on the water; it is, sir, the right to suffer and complain; we have abundance of this right.
Gentlemen may say that our debt will increase with our navy; and that we shall be unable to pay our national debt so soon as promised. The present administration, or the present dominant party, if I may so call it, is pledged for the payment of the national debt within a limited time. Sir, I consider such pledge most impolitic. Surely, if we should be invaded, or, if any other great exigency should demand it, we should not hesitate to go millions in debt. This pledge, this promise, can be dispensed with then. And when more than now was there a call for dispensing with this impolitic engagement. When were our rights more insulted? England trampling on them; and Spain threatening to shut up our ports with half a dozen line of battle ships. I will ask, suppose Spain or G. Britain should attempt to block up the Chesapeake, or the port of New York; what could be done? Our frigates could do nothing to resist the assault. No, sir, the whole of them would be incompetent to meet the foe. Nor must we always depend on the hostility of foreign nations towards each other even for a partial defence of our commerce. If we have an efficient force, we shall be respected, our commercial rights will be maintained, and our alliance courted by other nations. Let us then set our shoulders to the burthen; and, in the hour of difficulty, if necessary, look round for friends and allies.
An increase of the navy would also have a good domestic effect. Many of our merchants are opposed to the present administration, erroneously viewing it as inimical to commerce; but, sir, the present administration are friends to commercial rights, has not diminished the navy, nor has it ever been the opinion of the executive, that it ought to be diminished. His communication relative to 74 gun ships all understood.
Some have said that the liberties of a people were liable to be overthrown by a navy. I cannot discover that it has the least tendency that way. Generals have overthrown the liberties of nations, but I certainly never read of an admiral that made himself a despot. I believe history affords no such examples.
If it should be contended that the creation of a navy would lead to the odious and tyrannical practice of impressing seamen, I would ask what is the important difference between impressing men to go on board your armed vessels and fight your battles, and drafting men, to go perhaps into the front ranks of the warmest engagement? In either case you compel men to fight, where they do not wish. But I do not think there is any danger of our being under the necessity of ever entering on the practice of impressing. If it were now necessary to man thirty line of battle ships, I have no doubt men enough would voluntarily come forward impatient for battle, and supply all our wants of this description. Our brave mariners have their feelings; they feel an indignation like that which the merchants feel, and like that which this House, I trust also feels.
Sir, I must repeat that we are but one. I voted for the bill prohibiting intercourse with St. Domingo: I considered the bill as calculated to have a favorable effect on the southern states. That bill may partially injure some persons at the northward concerned in trade with that island; but in giving my vote I was governed by the good of the whole. I hope also that gentlemen of agricultural habits in the southern states, will consider the subject of defensive measures with an enlarged and national view.
There is no nation in the world so enterprising as America: no nation has so rapidly increased in commerce, and in new resources of commercial enterprise, as has this nation within the last fifteen years. Our prosperity, I had almost said our all depends on commerce. You must not, you cannot, compel the merchant to abandon his pursuits; 'tis contrary to his right, and contrary to your interest; contrary to contract; therefore you must protect his rights.
If we ask what plan of defence is urged by the usage of all other nations? The answer is obvious.
I have, sir, doubts of the efficacy of a non-importation act. While aiming to starve the manufacturers of England,
let us advert to our own sufferings. We may starve the butcher and the baker, but shall we not injure our own health. What gainers shall we thereby be, or how will our merchants be redressed by such measures; how will our farmers thus find markets? I might not object to restrictions on imports, so far as is consistent with the preservation of peace; but no further will I go till we are prepared for war. If we do this, we may expect that commercial men will patriotically submit; especially if they can look forward to the short time, when the whole community will submit to the expence of supporting that which is the principal support of all.
We are becoming, sir, every day less the customers, and more the rivals of G. Britain. The means of defending our commerce must be eventually wholly naval. We need never fight Great Britain single handed, but we want that kind of defence which is a protection not only against England, but against every other power, and that kind of defence to which, after all our sufferings on the ocean, we shall be ultimately compelled to resort.
Some may object to naval coalitions on the ground that such coalitions are generally fruitless and unsuccessful. But, sir, this has not always been the case. Did Britain always rule? No, sir. Spain and Holland have also had their day—and a De Ruyter and a Van Trump have vanquished and triumphed as completely as have ever a Nelson, or a Rodney.
I believe the best mode of protection will be line of battle ships and frigates; these will give greater security to our ports and harbors, than the erection of land batteries. I am not however opposed to gun-boats; they may do much by way of defence in shallow waters, and may be useful any where and are easily concentrated to a point.
Much is expected from us by the nation; the only question can be, what manner of redress and defence shall be adopted: but whatever may be the final decision on the important questions before us, I sincerely hope that a spirit of candor, liberality and harmony may actuate our proceedings, and lead us to a correct decision.
MR. SLOAN. I think the arguments of the gentleman who has just now taken his seat perfectly refutable by a single observation. I have not the spirit of prophecy but I have the power of retrospection. Look at the powers of Europe whose naval forces are inferior to that of G. Britain; when did they ever gain a great victory over the English navy! Never; and judging from what is past, what will come, they never will conquer that enormous naval force.
MR. EARLY. The gentleman from Massachusetts, fears we shall not divest ourselves of local feelings, in discussing and deciding on this subject. I apprehend he has no cause for this fear. The subject is one in which we are all nearly equally interested. The northern states have their Boston and New York; the middle states their Philadelphia and Baltimore; the southern states their Norfolk, Wilmington, Charleston, and Savannah; and the western states New Orleans; this cannot be a local question.
By the report of the secretary at war it appears that 1,500,000 have been expended on the different fortifications; and that three ports only are in a state of defence; Boston, Philadelphia, and Baltimore. It also appears by the report 107,000 dollars have been expended at Newport on fortifications, which are now greatly out of repair, and which when repaired can be of no service; there being three good channels by which vessels may enter the harbor, and these batteries being altogether unable to annoy an enemy's ship except in one channel.
We have expended 1,500,000 dollars on fortifications and not more than one eighth part of that sum has had any good effect. I consider the sum of 150,000 dollars as insufficient for any valuable purpose, nor do I believe that the annual appropriation of this sum for many years yet to come would be of essential service in defending our ports at large.
I should be in favor of this mode of defence, if I thought it would be of utility. If I thought the port of New York alone could be defended by the appropriation of the whole sum mentioned in the resolution, I would cheerfully vote for it; I would cheerfully vote for double that sum; four fifths of the produce of the state, I have the honor in part to represent (Georgia) goes to that port, 340,000 dollars have been expended on the fortifications of that port, and the works are of no utility: a picaroone might pass to the city without much molestation. According to the report of the secretary at war, the harbor of New York cannot be defended on account of the width of the Narrows, or entrance to the port. Our ports are not susceptible of defence by land batteries. If they were I should cheerfully vote for this or much larger sums.
The committee at length rose, and Mr. Dawson informed the house that he should again call up the report on Thursday next.
Norfolk, Feb. 28.
By a recent act of the British parliament, respecting prizes, it is among other things enacted, That in all cases of appeal from the vice-admiralty courts, that the proceeds shall be paid to the Register of the court, and to be by him, and the parties concerned, remitted to Trustees in London, named, one by the captor and one by the claimant, to be invested in government securities until a final decision. This will obviate one great inconvenience experienced heretofore by our citizens, who after an expensive process, and getting a favorable decree, often found the captors and their securities insolvent.
The following most extraordinary interlocutory order was lately made in Bermuda, a copy of which was sent by a gentleman of that island to his friend in this place.
The case of the Columbian Packet was this: she went from the U. S. to Bordeaux, and was captured on her return voyage. Any comment upon the principles which are embraced in this order is superfluous, they are such as never can, nor never will be, submitted to, and will not, we trust, be countenanced by the tribunals in England; if they are, there is an end to all neutral rights.
Bermuda, alias Somers's islands. Thursday, the second day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and six, before the honorable and right worshipful War. TERRITT, doctor of laws, commissary and judge of the court of vice-admiralty, in the said islands of Bermuda, and also to hear and determine all and all manner of causes and complaints, as to ships and goods seized and taken as prize, specially constituted and appointed in the sessions' house, at the town of Saint George in the said islands of Bermuda.
Present, John Lewis, deputy register. Ship Columbian Packet , Purnell Warrington, master.—Our sovereign lord the king, against the said ship and goods, taken and seized by his majesty's schooner of war, the Whiting , whereof lieut. John Orkney is commander, & brought to the said port of St. George, in the said islands of Bermuda, and also against Purnell Warrington, the master and claimants of the said ship and cargo.
Hervey prayed the claim by him given to be admitted, and the ship and cargo to be restored as claimed, with costs, demurrage and expences.
Patton prayed the said claim to be rejected, and the said ship and cargo to be condemned.
The judge, having heard the said claim and proofs read, and advocates on both sides thereon, directed that further proof of the property of the said ship and cargo (except one trunk marked G. W. consigned to Gervais Wallet, in Philadelphia, and one box marked I.W.F. containing a few bottles of snuff, of which the judge decreed restitution, with the consent of the attorney general,) should be produced by the claimants, in eight months from the date hereof, with liberty, also, to the captors to bring in further proof, by invocation of papers from the cases of the Zulema and the Eugenia , in the court of vice admiralty at Halifax. The judge further directed, that the claimant should within the same time adduce further proof upon the following points:
 First—Of what colony or country the outward cargoes were the growth, produce or manufacture.  Second—Under what certificates were the same admitted to an entry in the ports of France, and whether liable to foreign or reduced duties.  Third—What are the French laws upon this subject, and what limitations are imposed upon return cargoes. 
(Signed) JOHN LEWIS, Dep. Reg. A true copy—Attest, JOHN LEWIS, Dep. Reg.
FOR SALE.
The subscriber offers for private sale a valuable plantation adjoining the land known by the name of Non loch, about one mile and a half from the Eastern Branch bridge, containing about 280 acres with a sufficiency of wood and meadow ground, about 15 acres now in grass and may be well called as pretty a piece of ground as any in the District of Columbia; the main road leading through part of this tract which will be a suitable stand for a tavern and retail store, together with plenty of wood and hay, which always command a ready cash price, will make this property a desirable object to any person wishing to become a farmer. This land is well watered by several never failing springs. Any person desirous of becoming a purchaser may see the title papers and view the premises by applying to the subscriber living on the land, if the above property is not sold at private sale by the 12 day of April next it will then be sold at public auction on the premises, and at the same time an valuable slaves, mostly young and healthy. Terms of sale will be made known on the day of sale.
JOHN MASTERS, Feb. 21—wst

The HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES were on Wednesday engaged in discussing Mr. Gregg's resolution.
Mr. JACKSON terminated his remarks, which went to show the necessity of taking high and commanding ground with Britain. He declared himself most friendly to the resolution of Mr. Gregg, but disposed, for conciliation, to command a strong vote, to unite in milder measures.
Mr. RHEA of Tennessee followed, and occupied nearly the same ground.
Mr. GREGG replied to the arguments urged against his resolution; alluded to the wishes of several gentlemen to adopt a milder measure, and called upon them to come forward with their propositions.
Mr. DAWSON spoke against the resolution, but in favor of adopting a resolution similar to that offered by Mr. Nicholson.
Mr. EARLY moved that the committee should rise, with the view of submitting a motion that they should be discharged from the further consideration of Mr. Gregg's resolution, and that the House might take up some other proposition more likely to unite them.
Mr. SMILIE opposed the motion. He had no objection to taking up some proposition, more likely to insure a strong vote; but he thought it best that all the resolutions should remain before the committee.
The question was then taken on the rising of the committee and passed in the negative—Ayes 53—Nocs 58.
Mr. CROWNFIELD then spoke at considerable length in favor of the resolution, and in reply to arguments urged against it.
When, about the usual hour, the committee rose, and the House adjourned.
On Thursday, Mr. Leib, after a few preliminary remarks, moved to discharge the committee from the further consideration of Mr. Gregg's resolution.
On this motion a debate arose. Messrs Leib, Early, and J. Randolph supported; and Messrs. Alston, Dawson, Smilie, G. W. Campbell, Gregg, Sloan, Findley and Blackledge opposed it.
When the question was taken by Yeas and Nays on discharging the committee of the whole from the further consideration of Mr. Gregg's resolution, & passed in the negative—Yeas 24—Nocs 101. And on discharging them from the further consideration of Mr. Sloan's resolution—Yeas 26—Nays 93.
The House then went into committee of the whole—Mr. JOHN C. SMITH in the chair.
The chairman put the question on taking up Mr. Gregg's resolution, which was passed in the negative—Yeas 47—Nocs 70.
Mr. J. Clay moved to take up his own resolution, and those of Mr. Nicholson's.
Mr. Smilie moved to take up the latter.
Mr. J. Randolph moved that the committee should rise, and spoke at considerable length, grounding his motion on the unseasonableness of the present moment for taking any measures on British affairs during a depending negotiation.
Mr. Nicholson seconded the motion, and spoke for a short time in support of it.
Mr. Alston opposed the motion.
When the question was taken, and the motion rejected—Ayes 53—Nocs 48.
Mr. J. Clay then withdrew his motion, observing that he was not anxious that the resolutions he had offered should be acted on immediately.
Mr. Alston renewed the motion for taking into consideration the proposition of Mr. Nicholson, prohibiting after a particular time, the importation of certain specified articles from Great Britain.
Mr. J. Randolph again moved that the committee should rise. Motion lost—Ayes 58—Nocs 62.
The question was put on Mr. Alston's motion, and the committee without a division, agreed to take up the proposition submitted by Mr. Nicholson.
Extract of a letter from Bourdeaux, dated the 25th Dec. to a respectable house in New-York.
"Last night we received the official account of a peace having been agreed on between the French, German and Russian emperors. Great Britain is now left alone to continue the contest. It is however the opinion that a general peace will take place, in which England will be included."
A letter dated Bordeaux, the 30th of December, from a respectable source, has been received in this city, which states that the differences between France & Prussia had been settled, and that the latter had given permission to the former, to march her troops thro' the Prussian dominions, with the view, it is presumed, of attacking the English.
The following MOST IMPORTANT INTELLIGENCE has been received from an arrival at New-York from Bourdeaux.
The emperor of Germany has demanded an armistice for his troops, which has been granted him. He has demanded one for the Russian troops who were at the battle of Austerlitz. Of the 80,000 Russians, 40,000 no longer
exist; the rest, without either artillery or baggage, and surrounded by the French army, could not escape but by the favor of an armistice. His majesty the emperor has had the generosity to grant it under condition that the Russians shall evacuate, by stages, Germany and the two Galicinas, and shall return home. To the apparent negotiations, by which the enemy flattered himself to surprise the vigilance of his majesty the emperor of the French, will directly succeed real negotiations, the results of which must be an honorable and sure peace.
(Moneur.)
THIRTIETH BULLETIN OF THE GRAND ARMY.
Austerlitz, 12th Frimaire, year 14.
The 6th Frimaire, the emperor, upon receiving the communication of the full powers of Messrs. de Stadion and de Giulay, offered previously an armistice, for the purpose of sparing the effusion of blood, if the enemy really had a mind to make an arrangement and come to a definitive accommodation.
But it was easy for the emperor to perceive that the enemy had other projects; and as the hope of success could not come to the enemy but from the side of the Russian army, he easily conjectured that the negotiations were no longer any thing more than a ruse de guerre to lull his vigilance.
The 7th at nine o'clock in the morning, a cloud of Cossacks, supported by the Russian cavalry, made the advanced posts of prince Murat fall back, surrounded Vischau and took there 50 men on foot of the 6th regiment of dragoons. In the course of the day, the emperor of Russia repaired to Vischau, and the whole Russian army took position behind that town.
The emperor sent his aid-de-camp, gen. Savary, to compliment the emperor of Russia as soon as he was apprised of that prince being arrived at the army. General Savary returned at the moment when the emperor was reconnoitering the fires of the enemy's bivouac placed at Vischau. He bestowed great praise on the good reception, the graces and good personal sentiments of the emperor of Russia, and even of the grand duke Constantine, who showed him every kind of care and attention; but it was easy for him to perceive from the series of conversations which he had for three days with about thirty coxcombs, who, under different titles, surrounded the emperor of Russia, that presumption, imprudence and inconsideracy would reign in the decisions of the military cabinet, as they had reigned in those of the political one.
An army thus conducted, could not be long without committing faults. The emperor's plan was from that moment to wait for these faults, and to watch the moment for profiting of them. He immediately gave orders for his army to retreat; retired by night as if he had met with a defeat, took a good position three leagues behind, caused his men to work with great ostentation in fortifying it, and in erecting batteries.
He proposed an interview to the emperor of Russia, who sent him his aid-de-camp, prince Dolgorouki: this aid-de-camp might remark that every thing in the countenance of the French army denoted reserve and timidity. The placing of large guards, the fortifications making in the utmost haste, all showed the Russian officer an army half beaten.
Against the custom of the emperor, who never receives with so much circumspection flags of truce at his head quarters, he repaired himself to his advanced posts. After the first compliments, the Russian officer attempted to start political questions. He assumed upon every thing with an impertinence difficult to be imagined: he was in the most absolute ignorance of the interests of Europe, and of the situation of the continent. He was, in one word, as a young trumpeter of England. He spoke to the emperor as he speaks to Russian officers whom he has long provoked by his haughtiness and ill usage. The emperor contained his indignation, and this young man who has gained a considerable influence over the emperor Alexander, returned full of the idea that the French army was on the eve of its ruin. One may be convinced of what the emperor must have suffered, when it is known that towards the end of the conversation, the prince proposed to him to give up Belgium, and to place the iron crown on the head of the most implacable enemies of France. All these different steps fulfilled their intention. To beat the French army was no longer the question, but to turn and take it; it had done so much only through the cowardice of the Austrians. It is asserted that several old Austrian generals, who had made campaigns against the emperor, warned the council that it was not with such confidence they ought to march against an army in which there were so many old soldiers and officers of the first merit. They said that they had seen the emperor reduced to a handful of men, in the most difficult circumstances, insure his victory by rapid and unforeseen operations, and destroy the most numerous armies; that here, however, no advantage had been obtained; that, on the contrary, all the skirmishes of the advanced guard of the first Russian army had been to the advantage of the French army; to these observations these presumptuous youths opposed the bravery of 80,000 Russians, the enthusiasm inspired into them by the presence of their emperor, the picked corps of the imperial guards of Russia, and what they probably did not dare advance, their talents, of which they were astonished that the Austrians did not comprehend the power.
On the 10th, the Emperor, from the
top of his bivouac perceived with unspeakable joy, the Russian army beginning, at two cannon shot from his advanced posts, a movement in flank to turn his right. He then saw to what a pitch of presumption and ignorance of the art of war had misled the councils of this brave army. He frequently repeated: "Before to-morrow evening, that army will be in my power." Nevertheless the enemy entertained a very different idea: he came up within a pistol shot of our advanced guard, defiling by a flank march on a line of 4 leagues in length; extending along the French army, which appeared as if it dared not move out of its position; it had but one fear, that the French army would escape it. Every thing was done to confirm the enemy in this idea. Prince Murat caused a small corps of cavalry to advance into a plain; but suddenly, as if astonished at the immense forces of the enemy, it hastily returned. Thus every thing tended to confirm the Russian general in the ill-calculated operation he had fixed on. The Emperor caused the annexed proclamation to be placed in the order of the day. In the evening he wished to visit on foot and incognito all the night guards; but he had scarcely made a few paces ere he was recognised. It is impossible to describe the enthusiasm of the soldiers, on seeing him straw lights were in an instant placed on the tops of thousands of perches, and 80,000 men presented themselves before the Emperor saluting him with acclamations; some to celebrate the fete of the anniversary of his coronation; the others saying that the army would give its nosegay to the Emperor on the morrow. One of the old grenadiers came up and said to him: "Sire, you need not expose yourself, I promise you in the name of the grenadiers of the army, that you need only fight with your eyes, and that we will bring you to-morrow the standards and artillery of the Russian army to celebrate the anniversary of your coronation."
The Emperor said, on entering his bivouac, which consisted of a wretched straw hovel without a roof, which the grenadiers had made for him: "This is the finest evening of my life; but I regret to think that I shall lose a number of these brave fellows, I feel how much that will hurt me, that are truly my children, and, in fact I sometimes reproach myself with this sentiment, which I fear will end by rendering me incapable of carrying on war." Could the enemy have beheld this scene, he would have been alarmed. But rash and unthinking he continued his movement, and hastened forwards to his ruin.
The Emperor immediately caused the preparations to be made for battle. He dispatched marshal Davoust, to the convent of Raggern; he was with one of his divisions, and a division of dragoons, to make head against the enemy's left wing, in order that at a signal given, it might be quite enveloped; he gave the command of the left to marshal Lannes; of the right to marshal Soult; of the centre to marshal Bernadotte, and of all the cavalry which he assembled on one point to Prince Murat. The left of marshal Lannes was supported by the Santon, a superb position which the Emperor had caused to be fortified, and on which he had caused to be placed 18 pieces of cannon. On the evening preceding the battle, he had intrusted the guard of this position to the 17th regt. of light infantry, and certainly it could not be guarded by better troops. The division of Gen. Suchet formed the left of marshal Lannes; and that of Gen. Caffarelli his right, which was supported by the cavalry of prince Murat. The latter had in front of it the hussars and light horse under the orders of Gen. Kellerman, and the division of dragoons Valther and Beaumont, and in reserve the divisions of cuirassiers of Gens. Nansouty and d'Hautpoul with 24 pieces of light artillery.
Marshal Bernadotte, that is to say, the center, had on its left the division of Gen. Rivaud, supported on the centre by prince Murat, and on its left the division of Gen. Drouet.
Marshal Soult, who commanded the right of the army, had at his left the division of Gen. Vaudene, at the center the division of Gen. St. Hilaire, at his right the division of Gen. Legrand.
Marshal Davoust was detached to the right of Gen. Legrand, who guarded the passages of the ponds, and of the villages of Sokolnitz and Celnitz. He had with him the division Friant and the dragoons of the division of Gen. Bourcier. The division of Gen. Gudin was to march very early in the morning from Nicholsburg to stop any of the enemy's corps which might stretch beyond the right.
The Emperor with his faithful war-companion marshal Berthier, his first aid-de-camp Col. Gen. Janot and all his staff, was in reserve with the 10 battalions of his guards, and the 10 battalions of Gen. Oudinot, of which Gen. Duroc commanded a part.
This reserve was drawn up in two lines in columns by battalion, at the distance of opening; having in the intervals 40 pieces of cannon served by the artillerymen of the guards. It is with this reserve that the Emperor had the project of rushing wherever his presence would have been necessary. We may say that this reserve alone was worth an army.
At one o'clock in the morning the Emperor mounted on horseback to visit his posts, reconnoitre the fires of the enemy's bivouacs, and receive an account from the large guards of what they might have heard of the movements or the Russians. He learned that they had spent the night in drunkenness and tumultuous cries, and that a corps of Russian infantry had presented themselves at the village of Sokolnitz, occupied by a regiment of the division of Gen. Legrand, who received orders to reinforce it.
The 11th Frimaire, day at length appeared. The sun rose radiant; and this anniversary of the emperor's coronation, on which one of the finest feats of arms of the age was going to take place, was one of the finest days of this Autumn.
This battle, which the soldiers persist in calling the engagement of the Three Emperors, which others call the engagement of the anniversary, and which the emperor has called the battle of Austerlitz , will be forever memorable in the annals of the Great Nation.
The emperor, surrounded by all his marshals, waited, to give his last orders, till the horizon should be well lighted. At the first rays of the sun the orders were given, and each marshal rejoined his corps in full gallop.
The emperor said in passing along the front of several regiments: "Soldiers, we must finish this campaign by a clap of thunder which shall confound the pride of our enemies;" and immediately the hats on the point of the bayonets, and shouts of long live the emperor! were the true signal for action. A moment after the cannonade was heard at the extremity of the right, which the enemy's advanced guard had already passed; but the unforeseen encounter of marshal Davoust stopped the enemy short, and the engagement commenced.
Marshal Soult moved off at the same instant, marched towards the heights of the village of Pratzen with the divisions of the generals Vandamme and St. Hilaire, and entirely cut the enemy's right, all the movements of which became uncertain. Surprised by a march of flank whilst it was flying, thinking itself attacking and seeing itself attacked, it looked upon itself as half beaten.
Prince Murat moved on with his cavalry. The left, commanded by marshal Lannes, marched in echelons by regiments, as at exercise. A tremendous cannonade commenced along the whole line: 200 pieces of cannon and nearly 200,000 men made a dreadful noise; it was a real combat of giants. The armies had not yet been fighting for an hour, and the whole of the enemy's left was cut off. His right found itself already arrived at Austerlitz, the head quarters of the two emperors, who were immediately forced to march the emperor of Russia's guards, to endeavor to re-establish the communication of the centre with the left. A battalion of the 4th of the line was charged by the Russian imperial horse guards, and routed; but the emperor was not far off: perceiving this movement, he ordered marshal Bessieres to march to the succour of his right with his invincibles, and shortly after the two guards were engaged.
The success could not be doubtful: in a moment the Russian guards were routed. Colonel, artillery, standards, all were carried away. The regiment of the grand duke Constantine was crushed. He himself owed his safety only to the swiftness of his horse.
From the heights of Austerlitz, the two emperors beheld the defeat of all the Russian guards. At the same moment the centre of the army, commanded by marshal Bernadotte, advanced; three of his regiments maintained a very fine charge of cavalry. The left, commanded by marshal Lannes, attacked several times. All the charges were victorious. The division of Gen. Caffarelli distinguished itself.
The divisions of the cuirassiers seized the enemy's batteries. At one o'clock in the afternoon, the victory was decided; it had not been a single moment doubtful. Not a man of the reserve had been necessary, nor had fought anywhere. The cannonade was no longer kept up any where, but at our right. The enemy's corps which had been surrounded and driven from all its heights, found itself in a low ground and pushed up against a lake. The emperor marched thither with 20 pieces of cannon. This corps was driven from position to position, and a horrible spectacle ensued, such as was seen at Aboukir, 20,000 men throwing themselves into the water and drowning themselves in the lakes.
Two columns, each of four thousand Russians, laid down their arms and surrendered prisoners; the enemy's whole park is taken. The result of this engagement is 40 stands of Russian colors, among which are the standards of the Imperial guards; a considerable number of prisoners, the staff does not yet know them all. It had already notice of 20,000, 12 or 15 generals; at least 15,000 Russians killed remained on the field of battle. Although the reports be not yet arrived, we can at the first coup-d'œil , estimate our loss at 800 killed and between 15 or 1600 wounded.
This will not astonish military men, who know that it is only in a route that men are lost, and no other corps but the battalion of the 4th was broken. Among the wounded is gen. St. Hilaire, who, wounded at the commencement of the engagement, remained the whole day in the field of battle; he covered himself with glory. The genl's of division, Kellerman and Valther, the genl's of brigade Vallubert, Thiebaut, Sebastiani, and Campen, Rapp, aid-de-camp to the emperor. It was the latter who, in charging at the head of the grenadiers of the guards, took Prince Repnin, commander of the knights of the Imperial guards of Russia. As to the men who have distinguished themselves, it is the whole army which has covered itself with glory. It constantly charged shouting long live the emperor , and the idea of celebrating so gloriously the anniversary of the coronation further animated the soldiers.
The French army, although numerous and beautiful, was inferior in number to the enemy's army, which consisted of 105,000 men, 80,000 of whom were Russians, and 25,000 Austrians.
Half of this army is destroyed; the rest has been put to the route, and the greater part have thrown down their arms.
This day will cost tears of blood to Saint Petersburg. May it cause that cabinet to reject with indignation the gold of England; and may this young prince whom so many virtues called to be the father of his subjects, snatch himself from the influence of those thirty coxcombs whom England pays with art, and whose impertinencies obscure his intentions, make him lose the love of his soldiers and throw him into the most erroneous operations. Nature, by enduring him with such great qualities, called on him to be the consoler of Europe. Perfidious councils, by rendering him the auxiliary of England, will place him in history in the rank of those men, who by perpetrating war on the continent, consolidated British tyranny over the ocean, and caused the misfortunes of our generation. If France cannot attain peace but on the conditions which the aid de camp Dolgorouki proposed to the Emperor, and that Baron Novosiltzoff was charged to bring, Russia will not obtain them, even if its army should be encamped on the heights of Montmetre.
In a more detailed relation of this battle, the staff-major will make known what each corps, each officer, each general, has done to illustrate the French name, and give a testimony of love to their Emperor.
On the 12th, at day break, Prince John of Lichtenstein, commander of the Austrian army, waited on the Emperor at his head quarters, set up in a barn. He had a long audience of him. Nevertheless we pursue our successes. The enemy is retreating along the road from Austerlitz to Goring. In his retreat he presents his flank, the French army is already on his rear and following him with the sword in his reins.
Never was a more horrible field of battle. From the midst of immense lakes we still hear the cries of thousands of men who cannot be relieved. It will be three days before the wounded enemies can be all sent off to Brunn. It makes one's heart bleed. May so much bloodshed, so many misfortunes fall on the perfidious islanders who are the cause of them! may the cowardly oligarchs of London support the burthen of so many evils!
From the Babouac, 10th Frimaire.
SOLDIERS, You see before you the Russian army come to avenge the Austrian army of Ulm. They are the same battalions you have beaten at Hollabrunn, and whom you have constantly pursued to this place.
The positions we occupy are formidable, and whilst they march to turn my right, they will present me their flank.
Soldiers, I shall direct in person all your battalions; I shall keep at a distance from the fire, if with your accustomed bravery you carry disorder and confusion into the enemy's ranks; but if victory be for a moment uncertain, you will see your emperor expose himself to the first blows; for victory cannot hesitate, in this day especially, when the honor of the French infantry, which imports so much to the honor of the whole nation, is at stake.
Let not your ranks be thinned under pretext of carrying off the wounded, and let each man be well penetrated with the thought that we must vanquish these stipendiaries of England, who are animated with so great a hatred against our nation.
This victory will finish our campaign, and we may take up our winter quarters, where we shall be joined by the new armies now forming in France, and then the peace I shall make will be worthy of my people, of you, and of me.
(Signed) NAPOLEON. By order, the major general of the army, marshal BERTHIER.
Austerlitz, 12th Frimaire.
SOLDIERS, I am satisfied with you; you have, in the engagement of Austerlitz, justified what I expected from your intrepidity! You have decorated your eagles with an immortal glory. An army of 100,000 men, commanded by the emperors of Russia and Austria, has been in less than four hours cut to pieces and dispersed; those who have escaped your swords have been drowned in the lakes.
Forty pair of colors, the standards of the imperial guards of Russia, 120 pieces of cannon, 20 generals, upwards of 30,000 prisoners are the result of this memorable day. This infantry, so much boasted of and in superior numbers, have not been able to resist your shock, and henceforth you will have no more rivals to dread. Thus in two months, this third coalition has been vanquished and dissolved. Peace can no longer be at a distance; but, as I have promised my people, before crossing the Rhine, I will only make a peace which shall give us guarantees and secure rewards to our allies.
Soldiers, when the French people placed the imperial crown on my head, I trusted to you to maintain it forever in that high splendor of glory which could alone render it valuable in my eyes. But at the same moment our enemies thought of destroying & vilifying it; & the iron crown, conquered by the blood of so many Frenchmen, they wished to oblige me to place on the head of our most cruel enemies: rash and senseless projects, that on the very day of the anniversary of your emperor's coronation, you have annihilated and confounded. You have taught them that it is easier to brave and to threaten, than to conquer us.
Soldiers, when every thing that is necessary to insure the happiness and prosperity of our country shall be ac-

compelled. I will conduct you back to France. There you will be the object of my most tender solicitations. My people will again behold you with joy, and it will be sufficient for you to say, I was at the battle of Austerlitz, for them to answer, That is a brave fellow.
Signed,
NAPOLÉON.
The minister secretary of state,
Signed,
H. B. MARKET.
THIRTY-FIRST BULLETIN OF THE GRAND ARMY.
Austerlitz, 14th Primair, year 14.
The emperor set out yesterday from Austerlitz for his advanced posts near Sarutsh, where he placed himself near his bivouac. The emperor of Germany was not long in arriving there. The two monarchs had an interview which lasted two hours. The emperor of Germany did not conceal both on his side and on that of the emperor of Russia the contempt they feel for the conduct of England. They are a set of shopkeepers, he repeated, who set the continent on fire in order to secure to themselves the trade of the world.
These two princes agreed on an armistice and on the principal conditions of peace, which is to be negotiated and terminated within a few days. The emperor of Germany then informed the emperor, that the emperor of Russia likewise designed to make a separate peace; that he entirely abandoned the allies of England, and no longer took any interest in them.
The emperor of Germany frequently repeated there is no doubt but that in her dispute with England, France is in the right. He solicited also a truce for the remainder of the Russian army. The emperor observed to him that the Russian army was surrounded, and that not a man could escape; but, added he, "I desire to do something agreeable to the emperor Alexander, I will suffer the Russian army to pass—I will stop the march of my columns, but your majesty must promise me that the Russian army will return into Russia and evacuate Germany and Austria and Prussian Poland." Such is the intention of the Emperor Alexander, replied the Emperor of Germany, I can assure you, besides you may convince yourself of it in the course of the night by your own officers.
It is asserted that the emperor said to the emperor of Germany, when he asked him to come near the fire of his bivouac, "I receive you in the only palace I have inhabited for these two months past." The emperor of Germany replied laughing ("vous tirez bon parti de cette habitation, qu'elle soit vous plaise") "It has been so much to your advantage, that I do not wonder at its pleasing you." This is as near as could be understood the words which passed from him. The numerous suite of the two princes were not so far distant but that they heard something that was said.
The emperor accompanied the emperor of Germany to his carriage, and caused prince Lichtenstein and general Schwarzenberg to be presented to him; after which he returned to sleep at Austerlitz.
Every information is collecting for the purpose of writing a fine description of the battle of Austerlitz. A great number of Engineers are drawing up the plan of the field of battle. The loss of the Russians has been immense. Generals Kutusoff and Buxhowden were wounded. Ten or twelve generals were killed. Several aides-de-camp to the emperor of Russia and a great number of officers of distinction lost their lives. It is not 120 pieces of cannon, but 150, which have been taken. The enemy's columns which threw themselves into the Lakes were favored by the ice, but the cannonade broke it, and two whole columns were drowned. On the evening of the day and for several hours during the night the emperor rode over the field of battle, and caused the wounded to be carried away, a horrible spectacle, if ever there was one. The emperor mounted on a very fleet horse, galloped along as swift as lightning; nothing was more affecting than to see these brave fellows recognize him in the field, some forgot their sufferings & said, "At least the victory is certain;" others "I have suffered for these eight hours and since the beginning of the battle I am abandoned, but I have done my duty;" others, "you ought to be satisfied with your soldiers to day." With each wounded soldier the emperor left a guard who caused him to be transported into the moveable hospitals. It is horrible to say, that 43 hours after the battle, there were still a great number of Russians whose wounds we were not able to get dressed. All the French were so before night. Instead of 40 pair of colars, we have already had 45 brought in, and our soldiers still find the remainder of several others. Nothing can equal the piety of the soldiers at their bivouacs; they scarcely perceive the officer of the emperor, but they cry out to him, "has the emperor been satisfied with us?"
In passing before the 28th of the line which has a great number of conscripts of Calvados and of the Lower Seine, the emperor said to it: "I hope that the Normans will distinguish themselves to day." They kept their word. The Normans distinguished themselves. The emperor who knows the composition of each regiment said a few words, these few words arrived and spoke to the hearts of those to whom they were addressed, and became their rallying signal in the midst of the fire. He said to the 57th, "recollect it is many years since I surmounted you the Terrible." It would be necessary to name all the regiments of the army. There was not one which did not show prodigies of bravery and intrepidity. Here indeed it
must be said that death fled affrighted before our ranks, and threw himself into those of the enemy. Not a corps made a retrograde movement. The emperor said, I have fought 50 battles such as this, but I never saw one in which the victory was more decisive, and the chances so little balanced. The Foot Guards of the emperor were not engaged. They wept with rage. When they asked to be employed, the emperor said to them "rejoice that you have not yet been in the action, you are to fall on as a reserve. So much the better if you are not wanted to day."
Three cols. of the Imperial Russian guard were taken with the general who commanded them. The hussars of this guard made a charge on the division Caffarelli. This charge cost them 300 men who remained on the field of battle. The French cavalry showed itself superior and acquitted itself admirably well.
At the end of the action the emperor sent col. Dallemagne with two squadrons of his guard, sappers, to ride over the field of battle and bring in the runaways.
He took several stand of colors, and 1,500 prisoners. The guards greatly regret the col. of the horse rangers Morland, who was killed with a grape shot, as he was charging the artillery of the Russian Imperial guards. The artillery was taken; but his brave col. found his death. We had not one general killed. Col. Mazas, of the 14th of the line, a brave man, was killed. Many chiefs of battalion were wounded. The Voltigeurs vied with the grenadiers. The 55th, 43d, 14th, 36th, 40th, 17th, but we dare mention no corps; it would be an injustice to the others, they all performed wonders. There was not a single general, an officer, a soldier but was determined to conquer or to die.
We must not conceal a trait that does honor to the enemy. The commander of the artillery of the Russian imperial guards had just lost his cannon. He met the emperor. "Sire, said he, get me shot; I have just lost my cannons." "Young man," answered the emperor, "I appreciate your tears, but one may be best by my army and still have a title to glory."
Our advanced posts are arrived at Olmutz. The empress and the whole court have fled from thence in the greatest haste. Col. Corbineau, equerry to the emperor, commander of the 5th regiment of Rangers had 4 horses killed under him, upon the 5th he was wounded himself, after seizing a stand of colors. Prince Murat bestows great praise on the fine manoeuvres of gen. Kellerman, on the fine charges of gens. Nanzouy and d'Halpou, & in fine on all the generals, for one knows not whom to name because they should all be named. The soldiers of the train have merited the praises of the army. The artillery made a dreadful havoc among the enemy. When an account was given of it to the emperor, he said: its successes give me pleasure; for I have not forgot that it was in this corps that I began my military career.
The emperor's aide-de-camp, gen. Savary, had accompanied the emperor of Germany after the interview, to know whether the emperor of Russia adhered to the capitulation. He found the wreck of the Russian army without either artillery or baggage, and in a frightful disorder. It was midnight: gen. Meerfeld had been repulsed from Godding by Marshal Davoust. The Russian army was surrounded, not a man could escape. Prince Czartornski introduced gen. Savary to the emperor. "Tell your master," cried that prince, that I am going away; he has wrought many miracles; how this day has increased my admiration of him! he is predestined of Heaven, my army will require a hundred years to equal him; but can I retire with safety? Yes, sire, answered gen. Savary, if your majesty ratifies what the two emperors of France and Germany have agreed upon in their interview. And what is it? That the Russian army shall retire home, by the stages that shall be regulated by the emperor, and that it shall evacuate Germany and Austrian Poland. Upon this condition, I have the emperor's orders to repair to our advanced posts, which have already turned you, and to give orders to protect your retreat, as the emperor wishes to respect the friend of the first consul. What guarantee must I give for that? Sire, your word. I give it you. This aide-de-camp set off in full gallop to marshal Davoust, to whom he gave orders to cease all movements and to remain quiet.
May this generosity of the Emperor of the French not be so soon forgotten in Russia, as the fine procedure of the Emperor, who sent back 6,000 men to the Emperor Paul with so much grace and so many tokens of esteem for him.
Gen. Savary conversed an hour with the Emperor of Russia, and found him such as a man of heart and sense should be, whatever losses he may have experienced. The monarch asked him to give him some details of the engagement. "You were inferior to me," said he, "and, however, you were superior in all the points of attack." "Sire," answered Gen. Savary, "that is the art of war, and the fruit of 15 years of glory. It is the 40th battle the emperor has fought." "That is true, he is a great warrior. For my part, it is the first time I have seen fire, I have never had the pretension to measure with you." "Sire, when you have gained experience you will surpass him, perhaps." "I shall now return to my capital. I came to the assistance of the Emperor of Germany. He has made known to me that he is satisfied, I am so too."
On his interview with the Emperor of Germany, the Emperor told him Mr. and M. de Colleredo, Messieurs Paget, and Rasamowski are all one with your
minister, Cobentzel. There are the real causes of the war, and if Y. M. continues to abandon yourself to these intrigues, they will ruin all your affairs and alienate the heart of all your subjects, you who have so many qualities to be happy and beloved.
An Austrian major having presented himself at the advanced posts with dispatches from Mr. de Cobentzel for Mr. de Stadion, at Vienna; The Emperor said "I will have nothing to do with that man, who had sold himself to England to pay his debts, and who has ruined his house and his nation by following his sister's advice."
The Emperor took the greatest notice of Prince John of Lichtenstein. He frequently said, "How is it when one has men of great distinction, that one can suffer oneself to be led by fools and intrigues. In fact Prince John of Lichtenstein is one of the most distinguished characters, not only for his military talents, but for his qualities and knowledge. It is confidently asserted that the Emperor said after his conference with the Emperor of Germany, "That man has made me commit a fault, for I could have followed up my victory and taken the whole Russian and Austrian armies, but, however, there will be some tears the less shed."
THIRTY-SECOND BULLETIN OF THE GRAND ARMY.
Austerlitz, December 6, 1805.
General Friant, at the battle of Austerlitz, had four horses killed under him. Colonels Conroux and Demonstier distinguished themselves. The traits of courage are so numerous, that as they were reported to the Emperor he said, I need all my power to be able to recompense worthy these brave men."
The Russians, in fighting, have the habit in laying down their knapsacks; and the whole Russian army having been put to flight, they were taken possession of by our soldiers. A great quantity of baggage was also taken, and the soldiers have found in it much money.
General Bertrand, who had been dispatched after the battle with a squadron of the guards, has brought in a great number of prisoners, 19 pieces of cannon, and many baggage waggons well filled. The number of pieces of cannon taken up to this time amounts to 170.
The emperor testified some dissatisfaction that plenipotentiaries had been sent to him the day before the battle, and that the diplomatic character had been prostituted. It is worthy of M. Cobentzel, whom the whole nation regards as one of the principal authors of all its calamities.
Prince John de Lichtenstein is come to meet the emperor at the castle of Austerlitz. The emperor has granted him a conference of several hours. It is remarked that the emperor conversed freely with this general officer, who has concluded with marshal Berthier an armistice of the following tenor:
M. Talleyrand is going to Nicolaburg, where the negotiations are to be opened.
Armistice concluded between their Imperial Majesties of France and Austria.
His Majesty the Emperor of the French and his Majesty the Emperor of Germany, desirous to reach the period of definitive negotiations for putting an end to the war which desolates the two states, have agreed as a preliminary to begin by an armistice, which shall continue until the conclusion of a definitive peace, or until the rupture of negotiations; and in this case the armistice shall not cease until fifteen days after that rupture, and the cessation of the armistice shall be notified to the plenipotentiaries of both powers, and at the head quarters of both armies.
The conditions of the armistice are: I. The line of both armies shall be in Moravia, the circle of Iglau, the circle of Znaim, the circle of Brunn, that part of the circle of Olmutz upon the right bank of the small river of Treceboska, opposite to Presnitz, as far as it empties itself into the March, and the right bank of the March as far as the mouth of that river into the Danube, including however Presnitz; but no French or Austrian troops shall be stationed within a circumference of 5 or 6 leagues round Holitich, on the right bank of the March.
The line of the two armies shall besides comprehend, in the territory to be occupied by the French army, the whole of Lower and Upper Austria, the Tyrol, the state of Venice, Carinthia, Styria, Carniola, the county of Goritz and Istria; in short, in Bohemia, the circle of Montabor, and all the country on the east of the road from Tabor to Linz.
II. The Russian army shall evacuate the Austrian states, as well as Polish Austria, viz. Moravia and Hungary within fifteen days, and Galicia within a month. The order of its march shall be traced, so that it may be always known where it is, as well as to prevent all misunderstanding.
III. There shall not be made in Hungary any kind of levy en masse, nor insurrections; and in Bohemia no kind of extraordinary levy; no foreign army shall be permitted to enter the territory of the House of Austria.
Negotiations on each side shall meet at Nicolaburg, to proceed immediately on the business of negotiations, in order to establish promptly peace and harmony between the two emperors.
Done interchangeably between us the undersigned, the marshal Berthier, minister of war, major general of the grand army, charged with full powers from his majesty the emperor of the French and king of Italy, and prince de Lichtenstein, lieutenant general, charged with full powers from his majesty the
emperor of Austria, king of Hungary, &c. At Austerlitz, the 15th Primair, year 14. (5 Dec. 1805.)
Signed, Marshal BERTHIER. J. Prince de LICHTENSTEIN, aut. gen.
New York, March 10.
We stop the press to announce the receipt of intelligence from the European continent of a very important nature. The official bulletins of the grand army, to the 5th Dec. are in our possession. They reached us at a late hour last evening, in time to give merely a brief abstract of their contents.
In the actions which succeeded that described by Berthier in Thursday's Mercantile Advertiser, the French have been so completely victorious, that an armistice has been agreed to between Austria and France, preparatory to a definitive peace. It is amongst the conditions, that the French shall occupy Upper and Lower Austria, the Tyrol, the state of Venice, Carinthia, Styria, Carniola, the county of Goritz and Istria; in short, within Bohemia, the circle of Montabor, and all the country to the east of the road from Tabor to Linz. The Russian army is to evacuate the Austrian states, Austrian Poland, Moravia and Hungary, and the two Gallicias, and are to return home. Of 80,000 Russians, which formed the quota furnished for the coalition, one half has been cut off; and the survivors, without artillery or baggage, and surrounded by the French, had no hope of escaping but by surrendering themselves prisoners. This armistice was concluded on the 6th of December at Austerlitz.
The action which has thus terminated the war between the three emperors is represented as being without a parallel in ancient or modern times.
A passenger in the Frances Ann, to whom we acknowledge ourselves indebted for the papers containing these accounts, informs us that official advices were received at Bordeaux on the 25th Dec. that 10,000 English and 6,000 Russians had been debarked for Hanover, and that on the 14th marshal Augereau had orders to proceed thither by forced marches, at the head of an army of 70,000.
Philadelphia, March 10.
We are this moment made acquainted with a piece of intelligence (upon the most incontestible testimony) which cannot but excite in the public mind sensations of deep apprehension for the future peace of the nation. It is no less a fact than this—That the ships Indostan and Emperor of New-York, have sailed from the island of St. Domingo, to join the ship Leander , now generally declared to be bound, with hostile intentions, to the Spanish province of Carracas.
FROM PRIVATE LETTERS RECEIVED IN NEW-YORK.
Extract of a letter from capt. Thomas Pemberton, of the brig Mars of this port, to his owner, dated city of St. Domingo, Feb. 9th, 1806.
"On Thursday the 6th inst. at day break the English fleet hove in sight in the south east. Great numbers of the French seamen being on shore employed in wooding and watering, it was not until seven o'clock that the French ships got under way. These consisted of the imperial of 130 guns, the Brave and Alexander of 84 guns each, the Jupiter and Diomede of 74 each, 2 frigates of 40, and one corvette of 28.
"At 9 o'clock the French formed the line; their frigates and corvette keeping within shore of them. At ten the English headmost ship commenced her fire upon the French, and proceeded entirely alone to break the line, and succeeded, the whole French squadron firing upon her at least 20 minutes before the others could come up—she was entirely dismasted. By this time, the rest of the British came up, consisting of six heavy ships, besides the one dismasted, among which was the Dragon, admiral Duckworth—The French admiral, in the smoke, mistaking the Alexander for an English ship, fell upon her, and immediately cut away her masts by the board which rendered her entirely useless.
"Two English 84's now came alongside of the French admiral, and knocked the ports of his middle and upper decks into one, so that the decks, from the weight of metal, from the main hatchway forward, fell down upon the lower deck, and crushed many poor fellows to pieces. The French admiral being wounded, and finding it impossible to escape, ran his ship, the Imperial, on the rocks to leeward of the city. The Diomede followed his example, and all the other ships struck their colors and were taken possession of by the British.
"The French ships all fought bravely, with the exception of the Le Brave, and she struck the third round. It is reported that they cannot find more than 320 of the crew of the Imperial, which consisted of 1350, including 200 soldiers. The Diomede had 250 killed, before she went on shore, and many were drowned and killed in attempting to climb the rocks.
"The English ships have suffered very much both in their hulls and rigging, and although they captured the vessels of the enemy they have not much to brag of. I saw the whole of the engagement from the tops of the houses.
"The result of this battle is fortunate for the St. Domingo traders; as the French were going down the coast to plunder and burn the brigand ports, so that had it not happened many of our American vessels must have been taken, and of course condemned. The people are in some consternation about the English fleet now off. They seem
to have had another engagement to windward, as there is a French line of battle ship off the harbor, dismasted; and an English fleet came this day in sight, and one of the 74's has lost her mizen mast. They cannot be any of the fleets that were engaged the day before yesterday. The statement may be relied upon as authentic."
Extract of another letter from a her who was eye witness to the late engagement off St. Domingo, dated Feb. 11.
"The French fleet, on their arrival here, embargoed the port, and put all the small vessels in requisition for the purpose of procuring a supply of wood and water. They had remained here eighteen days, when on the morning of the 6th of Feb. at day break, the tower bell rung as a signal that a fleet was in sight. Every person in the city took the alarm, and crowded to the beach to wait their arrival. It proved to be an English fleet, under the command of admiral Cochrane and Duckworth, consisting of 12 sail. The French admiral immediately cut his cables, and fired signals; the rest followed his example, and began to get under way, but were so long in doing so that they were come up with by the English almost opposite the town. An engagement commenced, in which the French fought bravely, but were eventually obliged to give way to superiority of numbers. Admiral Cochrane began the fight with the French admiral's ship, and was dismasted by the first broadside. Two or three other English vessels were much shattered. The engagement continued exactly two hours by my watch. The French admiral was completely wrecked, and run ashore. A share of the same fate. The remainder (excepting one frigate and a sloop of war) fell into the hands of the English. You may judge of the dreadful carnage when I inform you that out of 1300 men on board of the Imperial, only about 400 are saved; and of these, some have escaped with the loss of an arm, a leg, &c.
FOR SALE.
FIVE or SIX Hundred bushels of the first quality JAMES RIVER COAL, on Saturday the 15th inst. near the house of Joseph Huddleston, Pennsylvania avenue. The terms of sale are, for all sums under 20 dollars, Cash, above 20 dollars 90 days credit, the purchaser giving negotiable notes with approved indorsers on the bank of Columbia in George town, or Bank of Discount and Deposit, Washington.
JOHN STEPHEN, Auctioneer. March 3—
FOR SALE,
3800 BUSHELS ST. UBE'S SALT, the more approved quality for curing and packing fish. 14 puchees 4th proof Jamaica rum. 2 pps excellent 4th proof do. Cognac brandy, and 12 bags coffee. BERRY'S wharf, March 14—w3t
BULLER COOKE.
FRUIT.
THE Subscriber has on hand an assortment of fruit consisting of MUSKATELL LOOM & KEY RAISINS FIGS ALMONDS & APPLES, all of which will be sold in such quantities as will suit the customer on reasonable terms for cash.
SAWY COLLINGWOOD.
George Town, March 14—w3t
DESEATED from on board the U. States frigate President on Sunday the 9th inst. a man named THOMAS LEE, about 5 feet 7 inches high, light made, dark hair, and dark eyes, had on a nankin round about jacket, blue pantaloon and boots, whoever apprehends said deserter and delivers him to me at the Navy Yard Washington, shall receive TEN DOLLARS reward and reasonable charges.
JOHN CASSIN.
Navy Yard Washington, March 14—3t
TO RENT.
THE STORE & DWELLING HOUSE now occupied Dr. Patterson, next door to James Madison, eq. Pell-off in given the first day of April next—I will also rent the Wharf formerly belonging to Mr. Lewis Devlois in the Eastern Branch, one square above the Navy Yard. Its situation for a Lumber, Coal, and Wood yard, is equal to any in the city of Washington—for terms apply to John Lewis, eq. or to the subscriber near the Navy Yard.
NICHOLAS VOSS.
City of Washington, March 12 saw f
By order of the Orphan's Court of Prince George's county, will be sold at public sale, on Thursday 13th March, at Mazaruder's ferry, the whole of the personal property of Fielder Rawlings, deceased, consisting of the Schooner Nancy and Nelly, burthen 37 tons together with her tackling—a small row boat, and his wearing apparel. The above property will be sold on a credit of nine months, the purchaser or purchasers giving bond with approved security. sale to commence at 12 o'clock, if fair, if no: the next fair day.
RICHARD B. GARDNER, Adm'r.
Feb. 28—w3t
TO BE SOLD,
Or EXCHANGED for other property in the City, or its vicinity.
TWO valuable and contiguous TRACTS of LAND in the state of Kentucky, the one containing 6380 acres, and the other 6353 acres, by late re-survey. They are under old and indisputable titles of more than twenty years, and situate in a populous country, adjoining flourishing settlements. All taxes thereon have been duly paid. Apply to the subscriber.
JOHN BECKLEY.
City of Washington, 7
November 6—wif 3

This is to give notice that if the heirs of a certain STEPHEN REYNOLDS, who died on his way from the western country in the month of August 1803, and supposed to have been a native of the state of New Hampshire or one of the Eastern states will apply to JOHN RICE, administrator, living in the town of Cumberland, Alleghany county, State of Maryland, will hear of something to their advantage. By order of Alleghany county orphans court. March 3—e2m
On a liberal credit. THE subscriber will dispose of at private sale, his estate called Chichester, lying on the eastern branch, immediately opposite the city of Washington. This tract of land containing 697 acres is laid off in lots from 83 to 145 acres for the convenience of purchasers. Plats of the estate and the terms of sale are in the hands of Colonel Hinton at the navy yard, and Charles Wayman of George Town. The lots will be shown by Mr. Wedden, living on the premises, near the Eastern Branch bridge. ANTHONY ADDISON. Barnesville 14th June 1805—tf
CHARLES H. VARDEN, MERCHANT TAYLOR, NEW JERSEY AVENUE, NEAR THE CAPITOL.
Respectfully informs the gentlemen of the District of Columbia that in addition to his former stock he has received by late arrivals at Philadelphia from London a choice assortment of superfine cloths, single and double milled cassimeres, Kennebec patent cord, woolverton and waistcoating, fancy and black silk molekins, all of superior quality and newest fashion, plain and stripes black velvets, constitution cord, knap coatings, plushing flannels, &c. &c. with a variety of other articles in his line, and he pledges himself, to those gentlemen who shall favor him with their orders to complete them in the newest style of fashion. N. B. Ladies habits, regimentals, navy uniforms, made in the most fashionable manner. Washington, Dec. 13—tf
This is to give notice that the subscriber of the county of Washington and district of Columbia hath obtained from the Orphan's Court of Prince George's county, State of Maryland, and from the Orphan's Court of the county of Washington aforesaid, letters of administration on the personal estate of WALTER BLACKALL, late of Calvert county deceased. All persons having claims against the said deceased are hereby warned to exhibit the same with the vouchers thereof to the subscriber at or before the 6th day of September next, they may otherwise by law be excluded from all benefit of the said estate. Given under my hand this 24th day of February 1806. JAMES S. MORSELL, adm'r. February 28—2aw1m
Twenty Dollars Reward, WILL be given for apprehending negro FAME a very low and tolerable lilly woman about 38 years of age, but from appearance older, very black and much marked with the small pox which occasioned a small defect in one of her eyes, has lost one of her foreteeth, has a very quick and cunning, having procured a free pass, and passes by the name of Charity Shorter; she was formerly the property of John Chittenden of this county, and was run away for near eight years, was apprehended and sold to me in 1803 and was hired by me to a certain Thomas King of Prince George's county, from whom she absconded in Oct. 1804 and has been lurking, I do suppose near where she was hired or gone to Calvert county where I have understood her husband has gone. The above reward will be given to any person who will lodge her in jail for that I get her again, or deliver her to Mr. Samuel Speake city of Washington, or to the subscriber living in Charles county Maryland, near Port Tobacco. P. S. I forewarn any person from harboring or employing said woman, at their peril. MASSY SIMMS. Nov. 27—tf
CITY OF WASHINGTON, Sept. 9, 1805. Several persons under the impression that the public lots in this city are to be disposed of in future by public sales only, having made enquiries when the next sale will probably take place, we are requested to state that those lots may at any time be purchased at private sale of the Superintendent of the City. Sept. 9—tf
STELLE'S HOTEL & CITY TAVERN. THE Subscriber takes this method of thanking his friends and the public for their favors whilst on the Capitol Square and begs leave to acquaint them that he has taken the Spacious Hotel lately erected by Mr. Carroll, near the Capitol. The hotel being above one hundred feet in front, and containing fifty rooms enables the subscriber to offer every accommodation to members of Congress and travellers which can be expected in a public house. PONTIUS D. STELLE. Washington City, March 25—tf
N. B.—F. D. S. will rent the house lately occupied by him on the adjoining square. In the case of Charles Tomkins an insolvent debtor. SIX months from and after the first day of March next is limited and appointed for the creditors of the said Tomkins to bring in and exhibit their claims to the trustee. Ordered that this notice be published in the Washington Federalist and National Intelligencer once a month, during said term. By order of the hon. Wm. Cranch eq. an assistant judge of the circuit court of the district of Columbia. WM. BRENT, Clk. Feb. 7, 1806. The subscriber being appointed by the court trustee in the above case, solicits the attention of the creditors to the above order. JOHN MITCHELL. March 10—3t
FOUND IN DECEMBER LAST, TWO Good SADDLES. —The owner by proving his property and paying costs may have them again. These saddles were advertised at the Capitol during the sitting of the district court but no owner appeared. If an owner should not be found before the first day of April next, then will be sold by public sale at 10 o'clock in the morning at the door of the Capitol, by JOHN PHILLIPS. March 10—taw3w
BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES. WHEREAS by the first article of the terms and conditions declared by the President of the United States on the 14th day of October, 1794, for regulating the materials and manner of buildings and improvements on the lots in the city of Washington, it is provided "that the outer and party walls of all houses in the said city shall be built of brick or stone" and by the third article of the same terms and conditions it is declared "that the wall of no house shall be higher than forty feet to the roof in any part of the city, nor shall any be lower than thirty five feet on any of the avenues." And whereas the above recited articles were found to impede the settlement in the city, of mechanics and others whose circumstances did not admit of erecting houses authorized by the said regulations, for which cause the operation of the said articles has been suspended by several acts of the President of the United States, from the fifth day of June in the year 1796 to the first day of January last, and beneficial effects arising from such suspensions having been experienced it is deemed proper to revive the same with the exception hereinafter mentioned. WHEREFORE I THOMAS JEFFERSON, President of the United States, Do declare that the first and third articles above recited shall be, and the same are hereby suspended until the first day of January in the year one thousand eight hundred and seven, and that all houses which shall be erected in the said city of Washington previous to the said first day of January in the year one thousand eight hundred and seven conformable in other respects to the regulations aforesaid shall be considered as lawfully erected, except that no wooden house covering more than three hundred and twenty square feet, or higher than 32 feet from the sill to the eve shall be erected, nor shall such house be placed within twenty four feet of any brick or stone house. Given under my hand the twenty-fifth day of February 1806. TH. JEFFERSON. Feb. 28—2aw3w
Important to Sportsmen. On the 29th day of April next, will be offered for sale, at the Bowling Green in Caroline county, THE STUD, of the late Col. JOHN HOOMES, consisting of imported & country bred stallions, Brood Mares and their produce, for several years past—total about one hundred head. This is certainly the most numerous, and probably the best selected stud ever before offered at public auction in this country; as it is well known, that the late owner spared neither money or exertion, in procuring both at home and abroad such stock as appeared most certain to insure him success as a breeder. To gentlemen who may feel a disposition to engage immediately in the sports of the turf, several fine three and four year olds could be highly recommended, for size, blood and figure. Should any of the Stud horses be farmed out for the approaching spring, the sale of such will be postponed, until the expiration of the season. The other stock will be sold without reserve. The terms of sale will be one half of the purchase money payable in six and the other in twelve months, to be secured by bond, with approved securities, to carry interest from the date if not punctually paid. A considerable discount will be made for cash. Gentlemen in the neighboring states are hereby assured, that the sale shall positively take place on the day above stated. A catalogue will be exhibited, stating age, blood, &c. JOHN G. WOODFOLK, JOHN HOOMES, Executors of John Hoomes, deceased. Bowling Green, March 3—tw.
PUBLIC SALE. IN pursuance of the decree of the High Court of Chancery of the state of Maryland will be sold at public sale to the highest bidder at JOSEPH SAMMES'S tavern, George Town, on the 14th day of April next, at 11 o'clock A. M. all the right, title, and interest of the late Thomas Clark of George Town, deceased to the following property, to wit: Lot No. 13, in Peter, Beatty, Threlkeld, & Deckins's addition to George Town with the improvements thereon consisting of a commodious Brick DWELLING HOUSE, Coach House and Smoke House and other useful outbuildings. Lots No. 173, 174, and 175 in Thomas Beall of George's first addition to George Town, and any other lots in said addition to which said Clark was entitled. Also, a piece or parcel of land containing about fifty acres lying about a mile and a half from George Town and adjoining the land on which Mr. Key lives. The purchaser or purchasers to give bond with approved security for the purchase money with interest thereon from the day of sale, payable in fifteen months from said last mentioned day. All persons having claims against said Thomas Clark, deceased, are requested to exhibit the same to the register of the court of Chancery aforesaid with the vouchers to support the same within three months from the said day of sale. JAMES S. MORSELL, Trustee. March 3—3w
Ten Dollars Reward. STRAYED or STOLEN, about six weeks ago, a dark BAY MARE, 15 hands high, has a star in her forehead, one of her hind feet white to the foot lock, and one of her fore feet has a white stripe on it, she has a bushy tail, and was heavy with colt. Ten DOLLARS reward will be given if brought to Mr. Waterston's Capitol Hill, by ADAM POWELL. March 10—3t
FOR SALE, About Two Thousand acres of LAND On the east side of the Eastern Branch, and adjoining it, commencing about 4 miles from the Capitol, and 2 from the New Bridge, and including a sufficiency of wood; 300 or 400 acres of meadow ground, a great part of which may be watered; a good country mill, and a commodious brick dwelling house, with all necessary out houses, in good repair. This land will be divided to suit purchasers, though it would be more agreeable to SELL the whole together; and there is no more valuable estate than the whole, to be bought in the neighborhood of Washington, nor one capable of being made to yield a better annual income. Apply to BENJ. LOWNDAS at Bladensburg, or to BEN. STODDERT. George Town, March 3—2w
A BARGAIN. THE subscriber offers for sale the farm he now occupies, containing near 300 acres with or without the flock thereon. It is distant from the cities of Georgetown and Washington, about five miles, and well known as a healthy situation. There is much fine fruit thereon, and abounds with springs, affording as good water as in the United States, a considerable proportion of the land has been in clover, and from thirty to forty acres it is now in the ensuing summer. It is altogether clear of broom sedge, and from 40 to 50 acres ploughed and prepared for a spring crop, and from 30 to 40 acres well set with wheat and rye—some part of the land is calculated for tobacco; and plaster of paris answers well with it all. The dwelling house and other improvements may with small repairs, be rendered very comfortable. From its vicinity to two growing cities, many advantages result in supplying the markets. A purchaser may calculate on a good bargain, particularly if an early application be made. Some part of the purchase money will be required in cash or approved negotiable paper; the remainder rendered easy—or negroes received in payment. The subscriber or William Keary residing on the farm will show it when required, and the terms made known by application to Mr. John Thompson, George Town, or Dr. WM. THOMPSON, Washington. Isaac Pollock, Fruit Hill. Some Lands calculated for the culture of cotton, Indian corn and small grain, situated on a navigable river in the healthiest part of the state of Georgia, will also be sold on reasonable terms or exchanged for negroes. I. P. Jan. 20—e2tf
WANTED, A WOMAN that understands plain cooking and house work; likewise a GIRL of about 14 years of age to take care of children—none need apply but those who can bring unexceptionable recommendations. Enquire at the and house from the west end of the Six Buildings and at this office. Nov. 27—tf
FOR SALE, A Valuable Tract of Land, In the state of Kentucky, under an indisputable title, and for which the proprietor will take, if applied for soon, half a dollar per acre, payable one half down, and the other half in 12 months on approved security—Enquire of the printer. Feb. 17—4w
On the first day of April next, or (if not fair) on the next fair day at noon, will be offered at PUBLIC SALE To the highest bidder, for ready money, that very desirable and well known estate formerly the property of James Wormeley, esq., Called THE ROCKS; Situated upon the river Shenandoah, in the county of Jefferson, Virginia. It contains 1000 acres of Land (by estimation) more than one third in woods, and has upon it a variety of the most useful improvements with a large scope of river bottom and other distinguished natural advantages. The upland is remarkably adapted to the use of plough & very productive. It will be sold either in one body, or in the convenient divisions of the farm—the mills—the distillery—and the Ferry with a small tavern for the accommodation of travellers; to each of which a suitable quantity of Land will be attached, by a division to be made previous to the sale. This farm of about 760 acres with plenty of wood and water, including 30 acres of the richest river bottom, and the rest of the arable Land of an excellent quality, with a large and commodious dwelling, the necessary out houses, two barns, &c. &c. may be had at a price which deserves the attention of any gentlemen who wishes a farm detached from the mill property, &c. Also at the same time, on the same terms, a handsome little tract of 300 acres within two miles of the Rocks called THE MEADOW FARM, About 2/3ds in wood, with fine meadow ground—arable Land, well adapted to the use of plough, a good mill seat with a constant stream, constant springs of water, and comfortable farm houses. Also, a little farm of only 115 acres 3/4ths still uncleared, adjacent to the Meadow Farm. The object in this sale being to raise as much money as may be necessary to release the only encumbrance that exists on the above property; if the several purchasers produce the sum required, they will respectively be allowed a credit of part of the purchase money, as an inducement to them to buy as largely as they may wish to do; and no money will be required, but in exchange for a clear deed. FERDINANDO FAIRFAX. Charles Town, Dec. 23, 1805—3t—wtf
N. B. The sale will take place at the Rocks; and should any of the above land be previously disposed of by private sale, notice will be published in due time. OLD COPPER AND BRASS TWELVE & A HALF CENTS FOR each pound of the above metals will be given by the Subscriber on Pennsylvania avenue near the Centre Market. MATTHIAS HART. March 6—w3t
AUDITOR'S OFFICE, Chillicothe, State of Ohio January 31st, 1806.
Extract from an act levying a state tax for the year 1806. Section 2. Be it further enacted, That all lands shall be rated and classified in the manner following: that is to say, first, second, and third rates; and the rule to be observed is, that when a greater part of any tract shall be superior in quality to second rate land, it shall be denominated first rate; when a greater part of a tract shall be inferior in quality to first rate, and superior to third rate, it shall be denominated second rate; and when a greater part of a tract shall be inferior to second rate, it shall be denominated third rate land, taking into view the situation and the quality of the soil. First rate land shall be taxed at the rate of ninety cents, second rate sixty-five cents, and third rate forty cents, each per hundred acres. Sec. 3. Be it further enacted, That in all cases where the owners of any lands have, by themselves or agents, entered their lands in their proper classes, with the auditor or clerks of the court of common pleas, agreeably to the laws heretofore in force, such lands shall under this act be placed in the same class for taxation, and all lands which shall not be entered by the owners, or their agents, with the auditor, before he makes out his duplicate, he shall class and charge the same as second rate, and if any owner or proprietor of lands, or their agent, have heretofore, or shall hereafter enter any tract of land in an inferior class to that of its real quality, said land shall (until it is changed into its proper class) be charged, over and above the rate for which it was entered, with double the amount of tax which should have been paid had the same been entered in its proper class; which shall be paid to the collector of the county, township, or district, in which such lands may be chargeable, for the use of the state, on the information of any freeholder, making due proof thereof to the auditor or commissioners and be recovered at the same time and in the same way as other taxes are recoverable. Sec. 4. Be it further enacted, That for the collection of taxes of non-residents lands the state shall be and is hereby divided into six collection districts: the first to include the lands purchased by John Cleves Symmes and his associates, and the land within the district of Cincinnati land office; the second to include lands in the Virginia military district, the land within the district of Chillicothe land office and the French grants, the third to include the land purchased by the Ohio Company and all grants included within the limits thereof and the land within the district of the Marietta land office; the fourth to include the lands in the United States military district and the refugee lands, and all the lands within the district of Zaneville land office; the fifth to include the lands within the district of the Steubenville land office, and all lands south of the Connecticut reserve, and not included in the other districts; and the sixth to include the lands in the Connecticut reserve. Sec. 5. Be it further enacted, That there shall be appointed, by a joint ballot of both houses of the general assembly and commissioned by the governor, a collector in each district, who shall continue in office one year and until his successor is chosen and qualified, who shall collect all taxes due and owing on non-residents' lands within their respective districts. The collector of the first district shall keep his office at Cincinnati; the collector of the second district shall keep his office at Chillicothe; the collector of the third district shall keep his office at Marietta; the collector of the fourth district shall keep his office at Zaneville; the collector of the fifth district shall keep his office at Steubenville, and the collector of the sixth district shall keep his office at the town of Warren, in the county of Trumbull. And shall each, at the time they receive their duplicates, take & subscribe the following oath or affirmation: viz. "I, A. B. do solemnly swear or affirm, (as the case may be) that I will, according to the best of my abilities, faithfully and impartially perform the duties enjoined on me by law; as collector of the district; and that I will not directly or indirectly purchase any land by me sold for taxes." Notice is hereby given that all taxes within this state are due and payable after the 1st day of August next ensuing, and if not paid by the first Monday of December, the lands will be sold, or so much thereof as will satisfy the amount due with interest. 1st district collector, A. Goshorn, Cincinnati. 2d do Virginia army lands, Thomas Scott, Chillicothe. 3d do, Wm. Skinner, Marietta. 4th do, James Herron, Zaneville. 5th do, Charles Maxwell, Steubenville. 6th do, James Hilman, Warren. THOMAS GIBSON, Auditor of Accounts for the state of Ohio. Feb. 20—6w.
Twenty Dollars Reward. WILL be given for apprehending and securing in jail a young Mulatto man slave named ANDREW. He was hired by me last year to Mr. Joseph Thomas who keeps the road-house ferry to Alexandria, and absconded from that place about the latter end of August last. He is about 23 years of age, 5 feet 8 or 9 inches high, lusty and well made, has short curly hair, and is frequently subject to have several large pimples on his face. He is reckoned to be a tenable fellow of an easy agreeable address for a man in his low sphere of life. As he has not been heard of by me since his employment, I suspect he has had the address to ship himself as a freeman on board some vessel either at Alexandria or Baltimore. Whoever takes him up and secures him in jail shall receive from me the above reward, as soon as due information thereof is given some or to Dr. N. P. Caudin at Port Tobacco. G. B. CAUSIN. Maryland Charles County, January 29—wtf
BANK OF COLUMBIA. NOTICE is hereby given, that in conformity to the charter of this institution, an election for twelve directors will be held at the house of Joseph Semmes, in George town, on the 20th inst. WILLIAM WHANN, Cashier. March 7—
50 DOLLARS REWARD. RANAWAY from the subscriber on the 18th of June 1804, when living in Baltimore, a negro wench called RACHAEL, about 20 years of age, no perceptible mark; she is stout made, has a bashful look when spoken to, speaks quick, apparently far advanced in pregnancy, her clothing cannot be described, as she took with her several articles belonging to her mistress. It is believed that she is in some place convenient to George town, as all her connections live there, and was seen there after she had run away, and I suppose will pass herself for a free woman. I will give the above reward if she is lodged in any jail in the state, and all reasonable charges if brought home. FRANCIS CLARK. March 7—1w3t.
ADVERTISEMENT. THE Public are notified that the partnership of Thomas Hinton of Fauquier and George Britton of Shenandoah was dissolved on the second day of August 1805. March 10—3t
I HAVE a thorough bred COVERING HORSE, five years old this spring, very stout, which I will sell very low. JOHN THRELKELD. March 10—3t
A CARD. THE Subscriber being informed that the French Minister and other French agents in this country, have repeatedly asserted that he had no just claim on their government, and that he had been paid in full, for all the supplies furnished to the same, feels it due to his own character to contradict these reports and offers to prove to the satisfaction of all those, who will take the trouble to call upon him, that for supplies furnished in the West Indies, as well as for advances made here, part in cash and part in provisions, to the French frigates, he now holds bills drawn by the French agents, and which are unpaid and protested, for upwards of one hundred and twenty thousand dollars. VICTOR DU PONT DE NEMOURS, 101 Greenwich Street, New York. March 12—5t
Thirty Dollars Reward, FOR apprehending and securing in jail negro JACOB, who is a low well made fellow, about 25 years of age, complexion rather black, tho' not deep, has a pleasant countenance, is stout made about the shoulders and breast with small legs, has a hobbage in his speech and cannot make a quick reply, when spoken to without shouting his eyes or being in motion, which is very observable, his clothing was blue negro cotton jacket and overalls, osnaburg shirt, and wool hat, though they are subject to change, he was late the property of Richard B. Beall of Fauquier county, Virginia, and eloped about the 6th of November last. The constables and others of the city of Washington, George Town, Alexandria, Baltimore, Philadelphia and Norfolk are requested to look out for the said runaway slave, as he above reward will be immediately paid them on the terms specified by JOHN KEDDLE. City of Washington, Dec. 16—3awtf
Painful it is for me to give the following NOTICE, But absolute NECESSITY compels me. In September last, I gave public notice to all those who stood indebted to me, that my books were posted and proved; and that no further credit would be given even to my best friends; but contrary to my firm determination, that resolution lasted but a few days, and with concern I say it, since that period my book debts have increased nearly NINE HUNDRED DOLLARS. For a person with my small capital having so much money out, it is impossible for me to support my credit, with that punctuality, which is so much my wish. I am therefore resolved to leave this town on the 10th day of July next; and retire to some peaceful abode where Honor and Honesty reign, and where the Upright and Good Man will have justice done him over the Rogue and Swindler—for such are the Laws of this Territory, though the capital of America, (and with shame I say it) there is no distinction made between the Man of Honor, who, though Poor, will pay his debts, and the Rogue and Swindler, who retires to, and resides in this Territory, well knowing it to be an ASYLUM for VILLAINY—the former will call and pay you when able; the latter will have the audacity to show you Ten-fold the amount in cash that he owes you, and bid you defiance to sue him; for, says he, "I have no property"—though at the same time, through some employment or other, he enjoys an income of from 3 to 500 DOLLARS per year—this is a "Liberty" indeed! the most of our country! but no Justice. As my stay in this place will be but short, and as I do not wish to leave it one cent in debt, I earnestly request those who stand indebted to me to make immediate payment; by which, they will avoid such a measure being taken, as they are little aware of. For if I cannot have Justice done me, I have this consolation, that I have a Refort yet left, which, if they have any SUMME, or one spark of Honor for their characters, they will avoid my putting in force, for a galled horse will wince. GEORGE PITTS. N. B. A person authorized by me will call on them in a few days, when it is hoped they will be prepared to settle their respective balances. To avoid the necessity of a refusal, I request no one will ask for credit, except those to whom I stand indebted. G. P. George Town, Ver. of Col. ? Feb. 8—2wtf
ELIAS B. CALDWELL, ATTORNEY AT LAW, HAS removed his Office, to the house lately occupied by Mr. LAW, on Capitol Hill, Washington, July 26—tf