The national intelligencer and Washington advertiser. (Washington City [D.C.]), 1803-11-18 00:00:00

NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER, AND WASHINGTON ADVERTISER.
VOL. IV. WASHINGTON CITY, PRINTED BY SAMUEL HARRISON SMITH, PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE.
No. CCCCLXXX.
FIVE DOLLS. PER ANN.
FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 18th, 1803.
PAID IN ADVANCE.
An Account of LOUISIANA.
(Continued.)
The Cabildo is an hereditary council of twelve, chosen originally from the most wealthy and respectable families. The governor presides over their meetings. Their office is very honorable, but it is acquired by purchase. They have a right to represent, and even to remonstrate to the governor, in respect to the interior government of the province. The police of the city is under their controul and direction. In it they regulate the admission of physicians and surgeons to practice. Two members of the Cabildo serve by turn monthly, and take upon themselves the immediate superintendence of markets, bakers, streets, bridges, and the general police of the city. This council distributes among its members several important offices, such as Aguazil Mayor, or high sheriff, Alcalde Provincial, procureur general, &c. The last mentioned is a very important charge. The person who holds it is not merely the king's attorney, but an officer peculiar to the civil law. He does not always prosecute; but after conviction he indicates the punishment annexed by law to the crime, and which may be, and is mitigated by the court. Like the chancellor in the English system, he is the curator and protector of orphans, &c. and finally, he is the expounder of the law, the defender of the privileges belonging to the town, province or colony, and the accuser of every public officer that infringes them.
The Cabildo is also vested with a species of judicial authority, for which, &c. for a further elucidation of its constitution, and the functions of the officers springing from it, see the Appendix No. 1.
The Intendant is chief of the departments of finance and commerce, and exercises the judicial powers already mentioned. He is entirely independent of the governor, and no public monies can be issued without his express order. The land office is under his direction.
The Contador, Treasurer and Interventor, are officers subordinate to the Intendant. The first has four clerks under him, and keeps all accounts and documents respecting the receipts and expenditure of the revenue, and is therefore a check upon the intendant. The treasurer is properly no more than a cashier, and is allowed one clerk. The Interventor superintends all public purchases, and bargains. The administrador is also subordinate to the intendant, and with a number of inferior officers, manages every thing respecting the custom house. Every clerk in these offices receives his commission from the king.
The Auditor is the king's counsel, who is to furnish the governor with legal advice in all cases of judicial proceedings, whether civil or military.
The assessor's functions are similar to those of the auditor, and are properly applicable to the intendant's department.
Both of the officers last mentioned are also the counsellors of some of the other tribunals, as before intimated.
A secretary of the government and another of the intendency.
A surveyor general. A Harbour master. A store keeper, who takes charge of all public moveable property.
An interpreter of the French and Spanish languages, and a number of other inferior officers.
All appointments in the province with a salary of more than thirty dollars per month are made by the king, and most of those with a lower salary by the governor or intendant as belongs to their respective departments. There are no officers chosen by the people.
The salaries and perquisites of the principal officers are as follows:
   p. salary p. perquisites.     Governor annually, 6,000 2,000   Intendant, 4,000 none.   Auditor, 2,000 2,000   Contador, 2,000 none.   Assessor, 1,200 1,000   Treasurer, 1,200 none.   Administrador, 1,200 none.   Sec. of government, 600 2,000  
The commandants of districts receive each 100 dollars from the king annually, unless they are possessed of a military employment or pension.
Taxes and duties. Instead of paying local taxes, each inhabitant is bound to make and repair roads, bridges, and embankments through his own land.
real consideration. As no oath is required from either, they seldom report more than half the price.
The following taxes are also payable in the Province. Two per cent, on legacies and inheritances, coming from collaterals and exceeding 2,000 dollars.
Four per cent. on legacies, given to persons who are not relatives of the testator.
A tax on civil employments, the salaries of which exceed 300 dollars annually, called media annua , amounting to half of the first year's salary. By certain officers, it is to be paid in two annual instalments, and by others in four. The first person appointed a newly created office pays nothing, but the tax is levied on all who succeed him.
Seven dollars is deducted from the sum of 20 paid as pilotage by every vessel entering or leaving the Mississippi; but the treasury provides the boats, and pays the salary of the pilots and sailors employed at the Balize. The remainder of the 20 dollars is thus distributed:—To the head pilot 4—to the pilot who is in the vessel 4, and 5 to the crew of the row-boat, that goes out to put the pilot on board, or take him ashore.
A tax of 40 dollars per annum for licences to sell liquors.
A tax on certain places when sold, such as those of Regidor, Notary, Attorney, &c.
But the principal tax is that of six per cent, levied on all imports and exports according to a low tariff. The proceeds of which nett about 120,000 dollars, whilst all the other taxes are said not to yield more than 5 or 6000 dollars annually.
Expences and debts. The expences of the present government, comprehending the pay and support of the regiment of Louisiana, part of a battalion of the regiment of Mexico, a company of dragons, and one of artillery, which form the garrison of the country, including Mobile; the repairs of public buildings and fortifications; the maintenance of a few galleys to convey troops and stores throughout the province; Indian presents and salaries of officers, clergy, and persons employed for public purposes, amount to about 650,000 dollars. A sum in specie, which does not generally exceed 400,000 dollars is annually sent from Vera Cruz; but this, together with the amount of duties and taxes collected in the province, leaves usually a deficiency of one hundred or one hundred and fifty thousand dollars, for which certificates are issued to the persons who may have furnished supplies or to officers and workmen for their salaries. Hence a debt has accumulated, which, it is said, amounts at present to about 450,000 dollars. It bears no interest, and is now depreciated 30 per cent. The latter circumstance has taken place not from want of confidence in the eventual payment of the certificates; but from the uncertainty of the time when, and the want and general value of specie. The whole of this debt is said to be due to the inhabitants, and to American residents. It would have been long since paid off, but for a diversion of the funds, destined for that purpose, to different and external objects.
Imports and Exports. The productions of Louisiana are,—sugar, cotton, indigo, rice, furs and peltry; lumber, tar, pitch, lead, flour, horses and cattle. Population alone is wanting to multiply them to an astonishing degree. The soil is fertile, the climate salubrious, and the means of communication between most parts of the province certain, and by water.
The following has been received as a sketch of the present exports of Louisiana, viz.
   Dollars.     20,000 bales cotton 3 cwt. each at 20 cents per lb. 1,344,900 {increasing.   45,000 casks sugar 10 cwt. each, at 6 cents per lb. 302,400 ditto.   800 do. molasses, 100 gallons each. 32,000 ditto.   Indigo, . . . . . 100,000 {diminishing rapidly.   Peltry, . . . . . 200,000   Lumber, . . . . . 80,000   Lead, corn, horses, cattle, uncertain. --   All other articles, suppose, 100,000   2,158,000  
According to official returns in the treaty of the United States, there were imported into our territory from Louisiana and the Floridas, merchandise
to the following amounts, in the several years prefixed:
   Dollars.     In 1799 to the value of 507,132   1800 - - - 904,322   1801 - - - 956,635   1802 - - - 1,006,214  
According to the same authority, which makes the total of the exports to amount to 2,158,000 dollars, the imports, in merchandise, plantation utensils, slaves, &c. amount to two and an half millions, the difference being made up by the money introduced by the government, to pay the expences of governing and protecting the colony.
According to the returns in the treasury of the United States, exports have been made to Louisiana and the Floridas, to the following amount in the years prefixed:
   Dollars.     In 1799 to the value of 3,056,268 in foreign articles. 447,824 in domestic do.   3,504,092   In 1800 { 1,795,127 in foreign articles. 240,662 in domestic do.   2,035,789   In 1801 { 1,770,794 in foreign articles. 137,204 in domestic do.   1,907,998   In 1802 { 1,054,600 in foreign articles. 170,110 in domestic do.   1,224,710  
It is to be observed that if the total of the imports and exports into and from these provinces (of which the two Floridas are but a very unimportant part, with respect to both,) be as above supposed, viz.
   Imports, 2,500,000 dollars   Exports, 2,158,000   Making together 4,658,000  
The duty of six per cent. ought alone to produce the gross sum of two hundred seventy-nine thousand four hundred and eighty dollars, and that the difference between that sum and its actual nett produce, arises partly from the imperfect tariff by which the value of merchandise is ascertained, but principally from the smuggling, which is openly countenanced by most of the revenue officers.
Manufactures. There are but few domestic manufactures. The Acadians manufacture a little cotton into quilts and cottonades; and in the remote parts of the province the poorer planters spin and weave some negro cloths of cotton and wool mixed. There is one machine for spinning cotton in the parish of Iberville, and another in the Opelousas; but they do little or nothing. In the city, besides the trades which are absolutely necessary, there is a considerable manufacture of cordage, and some small ones of shot and hair-powder. There are likewise in, and within a few leagues of the town, twelve distilleries for making tafia, which are said to distil annually a very considerable quantity; and one sugar refinery, said to make about 200,000 pounds of loaf sugar.
Navigation Employed in the Trade of the Province.
In the year 1802 there entered the Mississippi two hundred and sixty-eight vessels of all descriptions, eighteen of which were public armed vessels, and the remainder merchantmen, as follows, viz.
   American. Spanish. French.     Ships, 48 14   Brigs, 63 17 1   Polacres, — 4   Schooners, 50 61   Sloops, 9 1   Total 97 1  
Of the number of American vessels, twenty three ships, twenty five brigs, nineteen schooners, and five sloops came in ballast, the remainder were wholly, or in part laden.
Five Spanish ships and seven schooners came in ballast. The united tonnage of all the shipping that entered the river, exclusive of the public armed vessels, was 33,725 register tons.
In the same year there sailed from the Mississippi two hundred and sixty-five, viz.
   American. Tons. Spanish. Tons.     Ships, 40* 8,972 18 3,714   Brigs, 58 7,546 22* 1,944  
   Schrs. 52 4,346 58 3,747   Sloops, 8 519 3* 108   Polacres, — — 3* 240   158 21,383 104 9,753   French. Tons. Total. Tons.   Schrs. 3 105 Americans 158 21,383   — Spanish 104 9,753   — French 3 105   Grand total, 265 31,241  
* One in ballast.
The tonnage of the vessels which went away in ballast, and that of the public armed ships, are not included in the foregoing account—these latter carried away masts, yards, spars, pitch, tar, &c. at least 1000 tons.
In the first six months of the present year, there entered the Mississippi 173 sail, of all nations, four of which were public armed vessels, viz. two French and two Spanish, whose tonnage is not enumerated.
   American. Tons. Spanish. Tons. French. Tons.     Ships, 23 5,396 14 3,080   Brigs, 44 5,701 20 2,173   Polacres, — — 3 430   Schrs. 22 1,899 18 1,187   Sloops, 4 278 3 167   Total, 93 13,264 58 7,087   2,804   Total of Ships.   American, 93 13,264   Spanish, 58 7,087   French, 22 2,804   Grand Total, 173 23,155  
In the same six months there sailed from the Mississippi one hundred and fifty-six vessels, viz.
   American. Spanish. French.     Ships, 21 21 18 2   Brigs, 28 28 31 1   Polacres, — — 4   Schooners, 17 17 26 5   Sloops, 2 2 1   68 80 8  
Coasting Trade.
There is a considerable coasting trade from Pensacola, Mobile, and the Creeks and Rivers falling into, and in the neighbourhood of Lake Pontchartrain, from whence New Orleans is principally supplied with ship timber, charcoal, lime, pitch, and tar, and partly with cattle, and the places before named are supplied with articles of foreign growth and produce in the same way from Orleans. The vessels employed are sloops and schooners, some of which are but half decked, from eight to fifty tons; five hundred of which, including their repeated voyages, and 13 galleys and gun boats entered the Bayou St. Jean last year. There is likewise a small coasting trade between the Atacapas and Opelousas, and New Orleans, by way of the Balize, which would much increase, if there was any encouragement given by government, to clear away a few obstructions, chiefly caused by fallen timber, in the small rivers and creeks leading to them.
CONGRESS.
DEBATE IN THE SENATE, ON THE LOUISIANA TREATY.
WEDNESDAY, November 2.
An act authorizing the creation of a stock, to the amount of eleven millions two hundred and fifty thousand dollars, for the purpose of carrying into effect the Convention of the thirteenth of April, 1803, between the United States of America and the French Republic, and making provision for the payment of the same, under consideration.
On the question shall the bill pass: Mr. WHITE, moved that the further consideration of the bill be postponed until the second Monday in December next, stating as the ground of the motion he had the honor to make, that the question was then involved in much difficulty and doubt—He could not accede to the immediate passage of the Bill—that by the day he had named the Senate would be able to act more understandingly on the subject, as it would then probably be ascertained whe-
ther we are likely to obtain the quiet possession of New Orleans and Louisiana under the Treaty or not; and there would still remain a great sufficiency of time to make the necessary provisions, on our part, for carrying the treaty into execution if it should be deemed necessary.
The motion for postponement being stated.
Mr. WHITE rose and made the following remarks:
Mr. President, By the provisions of the Bill before us, and which are thus far in conformity with the words of the treaty, we have until three months after the exchange of ratifications and the delivery of possession to pay this money; in; Where then is the necessity for such haste on this subject? it seems to me to be anticipating our business unnecessarily, and perhaps unwise; it is shewing on our part a degree of anxiety that may be taken advantage of and operate to our injury; and that may serve to retard the accomplishment of the very object that gentlemen seem to have so much at heart. It is not at present altogether certain that we shall ever have occasion to use this stock, and it will be time enough to provide it when the occasion arises, when we see ourselves in the undisputed possession of this mighty boon, or wherefore are we allowed these three months credit after the delivery of possession? The ratifications have been already exchanged—the French officer who is to make the cession is said to be at New Orleans, and previous to the adjournment of Congress, we shall know with certainty whether the First Consul will or can carry this treaty faithfully into operation. We have already passed a Bill authorizing the President to take possession, for which I voted, and it will be time enough to create this stock, and to make the other necessary arrangements when we find ourselves in possession of the territory, or when we ascertain with certainty that it will be given to us.
But, Mr. President, it is now a well known fact, that Spain considers herself injured by this treaty, and if it should be in her power to prevent it, will not agree to the cession of New Orleans and Louisiana to the United States—She considers herself absolved from her contract with France, in consequence of the latter having neglected to comply with certain stipulations in the treaty of St. Idelfonso, to be performed on her part, and of having violated her engagement never to transfer this country into other hands. Gentlemen may say that this money is to be paid upon the responsibility of the President of the United States, and not until after the delivery of possession to us of the territory; but why cast from ourselves all the responsibility upon this subject and impose the whole weight upon the President, which may hereafter prove dangerous and embarrassing to him? Why make the President the sole and absolute judge of what shall be a faithful delivery of possession under the treaty? What may he think a delivery of possession sufficient to justify the payment of this money, we might not; and I have no hesitation in saying that if in acquiring this territory under the treaty, we have to fire a single musket, to charge a bayonet, or to lose a drop of blood, it will not be such a cession on the part of France, as should justify to the people of this country the payment of any, and much less, so enormous a sum of money. What would the case be, Sir? It would be buying of French authority to make war upon Spain—it would be giving the First Consul fifteen millions of dollars to stand aloof until we can settle our differences with his Catholic Majesty. Would honorable gentlemen submit to the degradation of purchasing even his neutrality at so inconvenient a price? We are told that there is in the hands of the French prefect at New Orleans a royal order of his Catholic Majesty, founded upon the treaty of St. Idelfonso, for the delivery of possession of this territory to France; but which has never been done; the precedent conditions not having been performed on the part of France. This royal order, it is probable will be handed over to our commissioner, or to whomsoever may be sent down to receive possession—We may then be told that we have the right of France, as the acquired it from Spain, which is all she is bound by her treaty to transfer to us—we may be shewn the Spaniards, who yet claim to be the rightful owners of the country, and be told that we have the permission of the First Consul to subdue, or drive them out, and, according to the words of the treaty, to take possession. Of our capacity to do so I have no doubt; but this we could have done,

for, six months ago, and with one sixth of fifteen millions of dollars, when they had wantonly violated the sacred obligations of a treaty, had insulted our government, and prostrated all the commerce of our western country—Then we had need a just cause for chastising them, the laws of nations and of honor authorized it, and all the world would have applauded our conduct. And it is well known, that if France had been so disposed, she could not have brought a single man or ship to their relief; before the news could have reached Europe, she was blockaded in her own ports by the British fleets. But that time was permitted to go by unimproved, and instead of regretting the past, let us provide for the future.
Admitting then, Mr. President, that his Catholic Majesty is hostile to the cession of this territory to the United States, and no honorable gentleman will deny it, what reasons have we to suppose that the French prefect, provided the Spaniards should interfere, can give to us peaceable possession of the country; he is acknowledged there in no public character, is clothed with no authority, nor has he a single soldier to enforce his orders. I speak now, fir, on mere probabilities. I wish not to understand as predicting that the French will not cede to us the actual and quiet possession of the territory. I hope to God they may, for possession of it we must have. I mean of New Orleans, and of such other positions on the Mississippi as may be necessary to secure to us forever the complete, and uninterrupted navigation of that river. This I have ever been in favour of, I think it essential to the peace of the Union, and to the prosperity of our western country. But as to Louisiana, this new, immense, unbounded world, if it should ever be incorporated into this Union, which I have no idea can be done but by altering the constitution, I believe it will be the greatest curse that could at present befall us, it may be productive of innumerable evils, and especially of one that I fear even to look upon. Gentlemen on all sides, with very few exceptions, agree that the settlement of this country will be highly injurious and dangerous to the United States; but as to what has been suggested of removing the Creeks and other nations of Indians, from the eastern to the western banks of the Mississippi, and of making the fertile regions of Louisiana a howling wilderness, never to be trodden by the foot of civilized man, it is impracticable. The gentleman from Tennessee (Mr. Cocke) has shown his usual candour on this subject, and I believe with him, to use his strong language, that you had as well pretend to inhibit the fish from swimming in the sea as to prevent the population of that country after its sovereignty shall become ours. To every man acquainted with the adventurous, roving, and enterprising temper of our people, and with the manner in which our western country has been settled such an idea must be chimerical. The inducements will be so strong that it will be impossible to restrain our citizens from crossing the river. Louisiana must and will become settled, if we hold it; and with the very population that would otherwise occupy part of our present territory. Thus our citizens will be removed to the immense distance of two or three thousand miles from the capital of the Union, where they will scarcely ever feel the rays of the general government—their affections will become alienated—they will gradually begin to view us as strangers—they will form other commercial connections, and our interests will become distinct.
These, with other causes, that human wisdom may not now foresee, will in time effect a separation, and I fear our bounds will be fixed nearer to our houses than the waters of the Mississippi. We have already territory enough, and when I contemplate the evils that may arise to these states, from this intended incorporation of Louisiana into the union, I would rather see it given to France, to Spain or to any other nation of the earth, upon the mere condition, that no citizen of the United States should ever settle within its limits, than to see the territory sold for an hundred millions of dollars, and we retain the sovereignty.—But however dangerous the possession of Louisiana might prove to us; I do not presume to say that the retention of it would not have been very convenient to France, and we know that at the time of the mission of Mr. Monroe, our administration had never thought of the purchase of Louisiana, and that nothing short of the fullest conviction on the part of the First Consul that he was on the very eve of a war with England—that this being the most defenceless point of his possessions, if such they could be called, was the one at which the British would first strike, and that it must inevitably fall into their hands, could ever have induced his pride and ambition to make the sale. He judged wisely, that he had better sell it for as much as he could get, than lose it entirely.—And I do say that under existing circumstances, even supposing that this extent of territory was a desirable acquisition, fifteen millions of dollars was a most enormous sum to give.—
Our commissioners were negotiating in Paris, they must have known the relative situation of France and England, they must have known at the moment that a war was unavoidable between the two countries, and they knew the pecuniary necessities of France and the naval power of Great Britain—These imperious circumstances should have been turned to our advantage, and if we were to purchase, should have lessened the consideration. Viewing, Mr. President, this subject in any point of light—either as it regards the territory purchased, the high consideration to be given, the contract itself, or any of the circumstances attending it, I see no necessity for precipitating the passage of this bill; and if this motion for postponement should fail, and the question on the final passage of the bill be taken now, I shall certainly vote against it.
GENERAL JACKSON rose, and was replying at length to Mr. White, when he was called to order by the Chair, as having departed from the question of postponement, in which decision, notwithstanding Mr. White had also departed, and some members expressed a wish that the General should proceed, he immediately acquiesced, and sat down. We therefore, (and as some of the ground the General took was touched on again in his reply to Mr. Wells,) decline inserting what was then delivered.
After Gen. Jackson sat down an adjournment took place to the next day.
THURSDAY, November 3.
Mr. WELLS. Mr. President, Having always held to the opinion that, when a treaty was duly made under the constituted authorities of the United States, Congress was bound to pass the laws necessary to carry it into effect; and as the vote which I am about to give may not at first seem to conform itself to this opinion, I feel an obligation imposed upon me to state, in as concise a manner as I can, the reasons why I withhold my assent from the passage of this bill.
There are two acts necessary to be performed to carry the present treaty into effect; one by the French government, the other by our own. They are to deliver us a fair and effectual possession of the ceded territory; and then, and not till then, are we to pay the purchase money. We have already authorized the President to receive possession. This co-operation on our part was requisite to enable the French to comply with the stipulation they had made; they could not deliver unless somebody was appointed to receive. In this view of the subject, the question which presents itself to my mind is, who shall judge whether the French government does, or does not, faithfully comply with the previous condition. The bill on your table gives to the President this power: I am for our retaining and exercising it ourselves. I may be asked, why not delegate this power to the President? Sir, I answer by enquiring why we should delegate it? To us it properly belongs; and, unless some advantage will be derived to the United States, it shall not be transferred with my consent. Cessions will be in session at the time that the delivery of the ceded territory takes place; and if we should then be satisfied that the French have executed with fidelity that part of the treaty which is incumbent upon them first to perform, I pledge myself to vote for the payment of the purchase money. This appears to me, arguing upon general principles, to be the course which ought to be pursued, even supposing that there were attending this case no particular difficulties. But in this special case are there not among the archives of the Senate sufficient documents, and which have been withheld from the House of Representatives, to justify an apprehension, that the French government was not invested with the capacity to convey this property to us; and that we shall not receive that kind of possession which is stipulated for by the treaty? I am not permitted, by the order of this body, to make any other than this general reference to those documents.—Suffice it to say that they have strongly impressed me with an opinion that if even possession is rendered to us, the territory will come into our hands without any title to justify our holding it. Is there not on the face of this instrument itself some marks of suspicion? You find in the treaty not a single word relating to any substantial consideration to be paid by the United States. It says that the "First Consul of the French Republic, desiring to give to the United States a strong proof of his friendship, doth hereby cede to the said United States, in the name of the French Republic, forever and in full sovereignty, the said territory with all its rights and appurtenances, as fully and in the same manner as they have been acquired by the French Republic, in virtue of the above mentioned treaty concluded with his Catholic Majesty." It is true you perceive in the ninth article of the treaty a general reference to two conventions, signed at the same time with the treaty, which respect the payment of money by the United States to France, and which we regard as the only consideration for the territory ceded to us. Let us at-
tend to the words of this article. "The particular convention signed this day by the respective ministers, having for its object to provide for the payment of debts due to the citizens of the United States by the French Republic prior to the 30th September 1800, is approved, and to have its execution in the same manner as if it had been inserted in this present treaty, and it shall be ratified in the same form and in the same time, so that the one shall not be ratified distinct from the other."
"Another particular convention signed at the same time as the present treaty, relative to a definitive rule between the contracting parties, is in the like manner approved, and will be ratified in the same form, and in the same time, and jointly."
It is to be observed that the latter part of this article refers to that convention which stipulates for the payment of money to the French government. But who, I ask, could understand it in this way? The convention here referred to is laid to be "relative to a definitive rule between the contracting parties." Why these dark, obscure and unintelligible expressions? Is a consideration a "definitive rule?" The first article speaks of the cession as being made, "from a desire to give to the United States a strong proof of the friendship of the First Consul," and when you turn to the convention which is said to establish the "definitive rule," you find a provision binding the United States to the payment of money to the French Republic, but not a word is said about its being the consideration of the cession. Satisfaction hangs over the whole of this business. If the territory is beyond all description put quietly and peaceably into our hands, whence the necessity of sending down to receive it, an imposing force? Admit that a nominal possession of the territory has been given by the Spaniards to the French, the latter, it is well known, have not a single soldier at any of the posts. Suppose upon the arrival of our troops the Spanish forces should refuse to obey the orders of the French prefect, who then can only give you possession by the twine of a tree or the knob of a door: your army left to possess itself of the fortifications as it can, is half destroyed ere resistance by the Spaniards is overcome. In that case shall we be willing to pay the whole amount of the fifteen millions of dollars? I trust not. If, however, we pass this bill, we shall have no control over the subject. We have already strong reasons for doubting the validity of the French title to the territory in question; suppose our doubts should be confirmed before the payment of this money, will you then consent to pay any part of it for what you will not be able to hold? I conceive, therefore, that I am fully justified in withholding my assent from the passage of this bill, seeing that no advantage can result from delegating this power to the President; that it may be without inconvenience exercised by ourselves, as we shall remain for some time in session; that even in common cases the unnecessary delegation of power is not to be justified; and that in this particular instance, circumstances exist of a very extraordinary nature which render it peculiarly improper.
Mr. JACKSON—Mr. President, in answering the honorable gentleman who has just set down, I shall take the liberty of commencing with repeating what I said yesterday, in answer to another honorable gentleman from Delaware, (Mr. White) that every argument they have made use of would better have applied at the time the treaty was on its passage, for ratification, or at the time of the passage of the bill for taking possession of Louisiana; and it appears extraordinary now, after voting, if not for the treaty, for that bill, to see those gentlemen rise to oppose the conditions to be performed on our part, when France has issued the necessary orders to comply on her part. The delay of the passage of the bill before you may have the most fatal consequences, and if, as some gentlemen have hinted on former occasions, the French are sick of their bargain, will give them an opportunity to break it altogether, or create such jealousies between the two nations, as may render the ceded territory, and its inhabitants, of little value to us. In my opinion, policy as well as justice requires, that we should comply with the stipulations on our part promptly and with good faith, and leave no opening for complaint with the other party. We shall then stand justified in the eyes of the world, and to ourselves, not only to take, but keep possession of this immense country, let what nation will oppose it.
But the honorable gentleman (Mr. Wells) has said that the French have no title, and having no title herself, we can derive none from her. Is not, I ask, the king of Spain's proclamation, declaring the cession of Louisiana to France, and his orders to his governor and officers to deliver it to France, a title? Do nations give any other? I believe the honorable gentleman can find no solitary instance of settlement or conveyance between states; the treaty of St. Ildefonso was the ground work of the cession, and whatever might have
been the terms to be performed by France, the king of Spain's proclamation and orders, have declared to all the world, that they were complied with. The honorable gentleman however insists that there is no consideration expressed in the treaty, and therefore it must be void; if the honorable gentleman will but look attentively at the ninth article, I am persuaded he will perceive one; the conventions are made part of the treaty; they are declared to have execution in the same manner, as if they had been inserted in the treaty; they are to be ratified in the same form, and in the same time, so that the one shall not be distinct from the other. What inference can possibly be drawn, but that the payments to be made by them was full consideration for Louisiana? But the honorable gentleman lays stress on that part of the treaty which declares that "The First Consul of the French Republic desiring to give to the United States a strong proof of his friendship, doth hereby cede to the United States the territory, &c." Inferring from thence that our title rests on the friendship of Bonaparte alone. Sir, let my opinion of the present government of France be what it may, and I confess it is not very favorable, Bonaparte by the consent of the nation, is placed at its head; he is the organ through which the will of the nation is expressed, and is, and must be respected as such by all other powers. No nation has a right to interfere with the rule or police of another. It is enough that the nation wills it, and Bonaparte's act is the act of the whole nation, which cannot recall it, even if Bonaparte should cease to govern, and another form of government be adopted. But, Sir, admitting the objection of the honorable gentleman, in its utmost latitude, as to pecuniary considerations; are there no other considerations among powers and potentates? Does not policy sometimes induce a cession of territory to prevent a larger portion from being sacrificed? Is not the establishment of a monarch's connections, sometimes an object and consideration for a cession? The very instance before us is a convincing proof—the establishment of the King of Etruria in Italy. Honorable gentlemen have, however, whenever the treaty has been the subject of debate, expressed their fears, that the treaty of Ildefonso has not been complied fully with by France, that Spain will keep possession, and that we shall be involved in war with that power. The king of Spain's proclamation fully satisfies me on that head, and I hope, and believe, he will be more prudent than in existing circumstances, to involve himself in war with us. The English nation, after the handsome letter of Lord Hawkesbury to our minister, Mr. King, expressing the approval of his Britannic Majesty of the treaty, cannot in decency interfere; and Bonaparte is bound in honor and good faith, to protect us in the possession of that country; disgrace would cover him and his nation, if he took any part against us. Whom then should we have to contend with? With the bayonets of the intrepid French grenadiers, as the honorable gentleman from Delaware last session told us, or with the enervated, degraded, and emaciated Spaniards? Shall we be told now that we are no match for these emaciated beings. Last session we were impressed with the necessity of taking immediate possession of the Island of New Orleans in the face of two nations, and now we entertain doubts if we can combat the weakest of these powers, and we are further told we are going to sacrifice the immense sum of fifteen millions of dollars, and have to go to war with Spain, for the country afterwards, when last session, war was to take place at all events, and no costs were equal to the object. Gentlemen seem to be displeased because we have procured it peaceably, and at probably ten times less expense than it would have cost us had we taken forcible possession of New Orleans alone, which I am persuaded would have involved us in a war, which would have saddled us with a debt of from one to two hundred millions, and perhaps have lost New Orleans, and the right of deposit after all. I again repeat, Sir, that I do not believe that Spain will venture war with the United States—I believe she dare not—if she does she will pay the costs. The Floridas will be immediately ours—they will almost take themselves. The inhabitants pant for the blessings of your equal and wise government; they ardently long to become a part of the United States—An officer duly authorized and armed with the bare proclamation of the President, would go near to take them; the inhabitants by hundreds would flock to his standards, the very Spanish force itself would assist in their reduction; it is composed principally of the Irish brigade and Creoles—the former disaffected and the latter the dregs of mankind—With two or three squadrons of dragoons, and the same number of companies of infantry, not a doubt ought to exist of the total conquest of East Florida by any officer of tolerable talents.—Exclusive, however, of the loss of the Floridas, to use the language of a late member of Congress, the road to Mexico is now open to us, which if Spain
acts in an amicable way—I wish may, and hope will be shut as respects the United States forever. For these reasons I think, fir, Spain will avoid a war, in which she has nothing to gain, and every thing to lose.—But what possession, fir, the honorable gentlemen are we to receive, the twig of a tree or the knob of a door?—No, fir, I reply—but possession of New Orleans, the capital and its defences—By whom, will the honorable gentleman ask? I answer the same men who the honorable gentlemen were so anxious to send forward and take forcible possession the last session, which could not have failed to involve us with the French, for if we had succeeded and taken possession, whose territory should we have violated? Spain was barely the tenant at will of France, and France the real owner—if in private life I were to enter a house the honorable gentleman had purchased, and kick his tenant out, would he not feel aggrieved and seek redress—So would France if we had rashly taken the measures proposed, and what should we have had then to do? Fling ourselves at once into the arms of Britain for protection—Is this what honorable gentlemen wish? It cannot be—I hope, Mr. President, that the citizens of the United States will never see the day when their defence shall depend on a British army or navy, or the army or navy of any other power on earth. We are happily divided from the distractions and tumults of the eastern world by the Atlantic Ocean, and I trust we shall clear of entangling alliances, with any of them.
Mr. President, the honorable gentleman appears to be extremely apprehensive of vesting the powers delegated by the bill now on its passage in the President, and wishes to retain it in the legislature—Is this a legislative or an executive business; assuredly in my mind of the latter nature. The President gave instructions for, and with our consent ratified the treaty—We have given him the power to take possession, which his officers are perhaps at this moment doing, and surely as the ostensible party, the representative of the sovereignty, to whom France will alone look—he ought to possess the power of fulfilling our part of the contract—Gentlemen indeed had doubted on a former occasion the propriety of giving the President the power of taking possession and organizing a temporary government, which every inferior officer, in case of conquest or cession, from the general to the subaltern if commanding, has a right to do; but I little expected these doubts after we had gone so far—For my part, fir, I have none of those fears—I believe the President will be as cautious as ourselves, and the bill is as carefully worded as possible; for the money is not to be paid until after Louisiana shall be placed in our possession.
Sir, it has been observed by a gentleman in debate yesterday (Mr. White) that Louisiana would become a grievance to us, and that we might as well attempt to prevent fish from swimming in water, as to prevent our citizens from going across the Mississippi. The honorable gentleman is not so well acquainted with frontier citizens as I am. I see an honorable gentleman in my view, who knows whether or not what I am going to assert be the fact—He was part of the time high in office (Mr. Pickering) The citizens of the state I represent, scattered along an Indian frontier of from three to four hundred miles, have been restrained, except with one solitary instance, by two or three companies of infantry and a handful of dragoons, from crossing over artificial lines, and water courses, sometimes dry, into the Indian country, after their own cattle—which no human prudence could prevent from crossing to a finer and more luxuriant range, and this too at a time, when the feelings of Georgians were alive to the injuries they had received by the New York treaty, with the Creek Indians—which took Talaffee country from them, after even three commissioners appointed by the United States had reported to the President, that it was bona fide the property of Georgia and sold under as fair a contract as could be formed by a civilized, with an uncivilized society—If the Georgians under these circumstances were restrained from going on their ground, cannot means be devised to prevent citizens crossing into Louisiana? The frontier people are not the people they are represented—they will listen to reason and respect the laws of their country—It cannot be their wish, it is not their interest to go to Louisiana, or see it settled for years to come—The settlement of it at present would part father and son, brother and brother, and friend and friend, and lessen the value of their lands beyond all calculation—If Spain acts an amicable part, I have no doubt myself but the southern tribes of Indians can be persuaded to go there; it will be advantageous for themselves—they are now hemmed in on every side—their chance of game decreasing daily—ploughs and looms, whatever may be said, have no charms for them—they want a wider field for the chase, and Louisiana presents it—Spain may in such case discard her fears for her Mexican dominions, for half a century at least—and we should

Fill up the space, the Indians removed from, with settlers from Europe, and thus preserve the density of population within the original states—For, Sir, I will here agree with the honorable gentleman (Mr. White) that it will be as impossible to prevent fish in the water from swimming, as to prevent the distress of every country from flying to this asylum of the oppressed of the human race—They will come from the ambitious and distracted states of Europe to our mild and happy government, if they commit themselves to the mercy of the Ocean or on a few planks nailed together—In a century, Sir, we shall be well populated and prepared to extend our settlements, and that world of itself will present itself to our approaches, and instead of the description given of it by the honorable gentleman, of making it a howling wilderness where no civilized foot shall ever tread, if we could return at the proper period, we should find it the seat of science and civilization.
Mr. President, in whatever shape I view this bill, I conceive it all important that it should pass without a moment's delay. We have a bargain now in our power, which, once missed, we never shall have again—Let us close our part of the contract by the passage of this bill, let us leave no opportunity for any power to charge us with a want of good faith; and having executed our stipulations in good faith, we can appeal to God for the justice of our cause, and I trust that, considering in that justice, there is virtue, patriotism, and courage sufficient in the America nation, not only to take possession of Louisiana, but to keep that possession against the encroachments or attacks of any power on earth.
(To be continued.)
(By Authority.)
An Act making provision for the payment of claims of citizens of the United States on the government of France, the payment of which has been assumed by the United States, by virtue of the convention of the 30th of April, one thousand eight hundred and three, between the United States and the French Republic.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That if sum not exceeding three millions seven hundred and fifty thousand dollars (inclusive of a sum of two millions of dollars, appropriated by the act of the twenty sixth day of February, one thousand eight hundred and three, intitled, "An act making further provision for the expenses attending the intercourse between the United States and foreign nations,) to be paid out of any monies in the treasury not otherwise appropriated, be, and the same hereby is appropriated, for the purpose of discharging the claims of citizens of the United States against the government of France, the payment of which has been assumed by the government of the United States, by virtue of a convention made the thirtieth day of April, one thousand eight hundred and three, between the United States of America and the French Republic, respecting the said claims.
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That the Secretary of the Treasury shall cause to be paid at the Treasury of the United States, in conformity to the convention aforesaid the amount of such claims, abovementioned, as, under the provisions of the said convention, shall be awarded to the respective claimants; which payments shall be made on the orders of the minister plenipotentiary of the United States for the time being, to the French Republic, in conformity with the convention aforesaid, and the said minister shall be charged on the treasury books with the whole amount of such payments, until he shall have exhibited satisfactory proof to the accounting officers of the treasury, that his orders, thus paid, have been issued in conformity with the provisions of the said convention.
Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, That the President of the United States be, and he hereby is authorized to borrow, on the credit of the United States, to be applied to the purposes authorized by this act, a sum not exceeding one million seven hundred and fifty thousand dollars, at a rate of interest, not exceeding six per centum per annum; reimburseable out of the appropriation made by virtue of the first section of this act, at the pleasure of the United States, or at such period, not exceeding five years from the time of obtaining the loan, as may be stipulated by contract; and it shall be lawful for the bank of the United States to lend the same.
Sec. 4. And be it further enacted, That so much of the duties on merchandise and tonnage as may be necessary, be, and the same hereby is appropriated for the purpose of paying the interest which shall accrue on the said loan.
Sec. 5. And be it further enacted, That for defraying the expense incident to the investigation of the claims abovementioned, there be appropriated a sum
not exceeding eighteen thousand five hundred and seventy five dollars, to be paid out of any monies in the treasury, not otherwise appropriated: Provided, That the compensation to be made to any of the commissioners appointed, or to be appointed, in pursuance of the abovementioned convention, shall not exceed the rate of four thousand four hundred and fifty dollars per annum; that the compensation of their secretary shall not exceed the rate of two thousand two hundred and twenty five dollars per annum; and that the compensation of the agent shall not exceed the rate of one thousand dollars per annum.
NATHL. MACON, Speaker of the House of Representatives. JOHN BROWN, President of the Senate pro tempore. November 10, 1803.
APPROVED, TH: JEFFERSON. An Act authorising the creation of a Stock to the amount of eleven millions two hundred and fifty thousand dollars for the purpose of carrying into effect the convention of the 30th of April, one thousand eight hundred and three, between the United States of America and the French Republic; and making provision for the payment of the same.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, That for the purpose of carrying into effect the convention of the thirtieth day of April, one thousand eight hundred and three, between the United States of America, and the French Republic, the Secretary of the treasury be, and he is hereby authorized to cause to be constituted, certificates of stock, signed by the register of the treasury and, in favor of the French Republic, or of its assignees the sum of eleven millions two hundred and fifty thousand dollars, bearing an interest of six per centum per annum from the time when possession of Louisiana shall have been obtained, in conformity with the treaty of the thirtieth day of April, one thousand eight hundred and three, between the United States of America and the French Republic, and in other respects conformable, with the tenor of the convention aforesaid, and the President of the United States, is authorized to cause the said certificates of stock to be delivered to the government of France, or to such person or persons as shall be authorized to receive them in three months at most, after the exchange of the ratifications of the treaty aforesaid, and after Louisiana shall be taken possession of in the name of the government of the United States; and credit, or credits, to the proprietors thereof, shall thereupon be entered and given on the books of the Treasury, in like manner as for the present domestic funded debt, which said credits or stock shall thereafter be transferable only on the books of the treasury of the United States, by the proprietor or proprietors of such stock, his, her or their attorney: And the faith of the United States is hereby pledged for the payment of the interest and for the reimbursement of the principal of the said stock, in conformity with the provisions of the said convention. Provided however, that the secretary of the treasury may, with the approbation of the President of the United States, consent to discharge the said stock in four equal annual installments, and also shorten the periods fixed by the convention for its reimbursement: and provided also, that every proprietor of the said stock may until otherwise directed by law, on surrendering his certificate of such stock receive another to the same amount and, having an interest of six per centum per annum, payable quarterly at the treasury of the United States.
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That the annual interest accruing on the said stock, which may in conformity with the convention aforesaid, be payable in Europe, shall be paid at the rate of four shillings and sixpence sterling for each dollar, if payable in London, and at the rate of two guilders and one half of a guilder, current money of Holland, for each dollar if payable in Amsterdam.
Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, That a sum equal to what will be necessary to pay the interest which may accrue on the said stock to the end of the present year, be, and the same is hereby appropriated for that purpose, to be paid out of any monies in the treasury not otherwise appropriated.
Sec. 4. And be it further enacted, That from and after the end of the present year, in addition to the annual sum of seven millions three hundred thousand dollars yearly appropriated to the sinking fund, by virtue of the act, intitled, "An Act making provision for the redemption of the whole of the public debt of the United States," a further annual sum of seven hundred thousand dollars, to be paid out of the duties on merchandise and tonnage be, and the same hereby is, yearly appropriated to the said fund, making in the whole an annual sum of eight millions of dollars, which shall be vested in the commissioners of the sinking fund in the same manner, shall
be applied by them for the same purpose, and shall be, and continue appropriated until the whole of the present debt of the United States, inclusively of the stock created by virtue of this act shall be reimbursed and redeemed, under the same limitations as have been provided by the first section of the above mentioned act, respecting the annual appropriation of seven million three hundred thousand dollars, made by the same.
Sec. 5. And be it further enacted, That the Secretary of the Treasury shall cause the said further sum of seven hundred thousand dollars to be paid to the commissioners of the sinking fund, in the same manner as was directed by the above mentioned act respecting the annual appropriation of seven millions three hundred thousand dollars; and it shall be the duty of the commissioners of the sinking fund to cause to be applied and paid out of the said fund, yearly and every year, at the treasury of the United States, such sum and sums as may be annually wanted to discharge the annual interest and charges accruing on the stock created by virtue of this act, and the several installments, or parts of principal of the said stock, as the same shall become due and may be discharged in conformity to the terms of the convention aforesaid, and of this.
NATHL. MACON, Speaker of the House of Representatives. JOHN BROWN, President of the Senate pro tempore. November 10, 1803.
APPROVED, TH: JEFFERSON.
WASHINGTON CITY.
FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 18.
CLAIMANTS under the seventh article of the BRITISH TREATY, are informed that lists of their claims, as decided by the Board of Commissioners, in London, have, for their information, been transmitted to the Collectors of the Customs in the principal Ports of the United States.
Department of State Washington 15 November, 1803.
The several printers of the laws of the United States, in the Seaports, will insert this, for one week.
WASHINGTON JOCKEY CLUB RACES, November meeting, 1803.
On Tuesday November 8, 1803—a sweepstakes of one hundred dollars each, half forfeit, for three year olds, carrying 90lbs. each, two mile heats, (sixteen subscribers).
  General Ridgely's B. C. TRUE RE-PUBLICAN, entered by Mr. I. B. Bond, 1 2 3   Mr. Bowies B. F. by High Flyer, 6 1 1   Mr. Edins Ch. F. by Spread Eagle, 3 4 2   Mr. Tayloe's Ch. C. Harlequin, by Gabriel, 4 6 3   Mr. Ogle's B. C. Oscar, by Jabriel, 5 3 5   Mr. Browns B. F. by Spread Eagle, 2 2 4   Mr. Ringgold's B. C. Skem, d.   Mr. Peters B. F. Elvina, by Spread Eagle, d. 
  On Wednesday a Jockey Club Purse, of 400 dols. free for all ages, 3 year olds, carrying 86lb—4 year olds, 100lb—5 year olds 112lb, and 6 year olds 120lb. and aged horses 126lb—3lb. being allowed for mares and geldings; four mile heats. 1 2   Mr. Hoome's jun. Ch. G. SCHEDONI, by Dare Devil, 6 years old, 1 1   Mr. Tayloe's B. horse, Snap Dragon, by Collector, 6 years old 4 2   Mr. Duckett's Br. C. Financier, by Whittlejacket, 4 years old, 2 d.   Mr. Alexander's Br. H. Paul Jones, by Bedford, 5 years old. 2 d. 
On Thursday a Jockey Club purse, of 200 dols. free for all ages, carrying weight as above, three mile heats.
  Mr. Bonds B. H. FIRST CONSUL, by Flag of Truce, 5 years old, 1 2   Mr. O'Rey's B. H. Yorick, by Grey Diomed, 6 years old, 4 2   Mr. Tayloe's Gr. C. Suwarrows, by Belair, 3 years old, 2 3   Mr. Seldens R. H. Coriander, by Gimcrack, 6 years old, 3 4 
On Friday the silver cup, value 50 guineas, ten subscribers at 5 guineas each, for all ages four miles weights as above.
  Col. Hampton's Bay C. VINGT-UN, by the imported horse Diomed, three years old, 1   Col. Hoome's B. C. Volunteer by Bedford 4 years old, 2   Mr. Tayloe's B. C. Sky Scraper, by Alderman, 4 years old, 3   Gen. Ridgely's Br. G. Polydore, by Fiorenzel, 4 years old, 4   Mr. Cullis's Gr. H. Timoleon, by Grsy-Diomed, 6 years old, 5   Mr. Duckett's Br. C. Financier, by Whittle Jacket, 4 years old, 6 
On Saturday the City Purse of 200 dollars, for all ages; weights as above—2 mile heats.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. WEDNESDAY, Nov. 16. 1803. A number of petitions were presented, and reports made, which shall be noticed hereafter particularly. The House went into committee of the whole, Mr. DAWSON in the Chair—on the bill for the further protection of the seamen and commerce of the United States;—which authorizes hostilities against Morocco. The committee, having gone through the bill, reported it without amendment to the House, who ordered it to a third reading to-morrow.
THURSDAY, Nov. 17, 1803. Mr. Randolph, from the committee of ways and means, reported a bill, fixing the salaries of certain officers therein mentioned.
The bill leaves the salaries blank. Mr. Leib moved the recommittal of the bill to the committee of ways and means, under the impression that it had been the intention of the House, in making the original reference to that committee, that they, understanding the resources of the country, should fix the quantum of the salaries, and not report a bill in blank.
Mr. Randolph, the chairman of the committee of ways and means, explained at some length, the reasons which had operated with the committee in reporting the bill in blank. He observed that he had himself been in favor of making a report, predicated on the previous decision of the committee, whether the existing salaries should be increased, diminished, or remain unaltered. In this opinion he had been overruled, and the committee, not being able to agree among themselves on these points, had directed a bill in blank to be drawn up.
Mr. Nicholson vindicated the report of the committee as perfectly regular and conformable to the invariable practice in analogous cases. In all cases, where a discretion, as to the quantum of money applied to specific objects, existed, committees had reported bills in blank, leaving the decision on the proper sums to the determination of the House.
Mr. Leib's motion to recommit was lost without a division, and the bill referred to a committee of the whole to-morrow.
An engrossed bill for the further protection of the seamen and commerce of the United States was read the third time.
Mr. Crowninshield moved to recommit the bill, for the purpose of so amending it, as to protect the property of neutral powers from capture, by recognising the principle that free ships make free goods.
Mr. Nicholson supported this motion, on the ground that it became the House to embrace so favorable an occasion of giving their sanction to this important principle.
Mr. Dana observed that the alleged objection did not lie against the bill, as the nature of the instructions to commanders of American vessels, was confided to the President, who would, no doubt, adopt such regulations as should be proper.
Mr. Eustis opposed the recommitment, on the ground that the provisions of the bill were an exact transcript of those contained in an act passed two years since in relation to Tripoli, and on the ground that the insertion of the proposed amendment might, while it failed to affect the principle of the law of nations, produce considerable inconveniences so far as it related the Barbary powers.
The motion to recommit was lost—Yeas 39—Nees 69. The question recurring on the passage of the bill.
Mr. Dana observed that it had been hitherto usual to require the Yeas and Nays to be taken to mark the disagreement of the members of the House; he moved that they should be taken on this question to shew their cordial agreement.
The question was then taken by Yeas and Nays on the passage of the bill, and carried unanimously in the affirmative—Yeas 117.
Mr. Eppes moved the following resolution:
Resolved, That it is expedient to discontinue the offices of commissioners of loans in the different states, and to transfer the duties of those offices to the Secretary of the Treasury, with an allowance of dollars for additional clerks.
Referred to the Committee of Ways and Means.
Mr. G. W. CAMPBELL offered the following resolution: Resolved, That so much of the act to establish post-offices and post-reads in the United States, as charges a postage on the transmission of newspapers ought to be repealed.
Mr. C. on submitting this motion made a number of remarks to shew the importance of liberating from any tax vehicle for diffusing political information, on the prevalence of which so intimately depended the preservation of the liberties of the American people.
Ordered to lie on the table.
ROBERT BOWIE, Esq. was on Monday last elected governor of the state of Maryland.
Boston, November 8. FROM THE MEDITERRANEAN.
Captain Elwell, who arrived on Sunday last, from Malaga, failed from that place on the 28th of September. There was no doubt that the Moors had commenced war against the United States. The pretext was the capture of the Tripoline ship under Moorish colours. The brig Celia, capt. Brown, which had been taken by a cruiser of 20 guns, &c re-taken by the Philadelphia, had been at Malaga, and failed from thence, for Alexandria, in company with Captain Elwell. When in possession of the Barbary ships, she was near escaping re-capture; for when the Moorish vessel was boarded from the American frigate a formal parol was exhibited, which would have been treated with the usual respect had not some confusion in the answer, to an enquiry respecting the brig in company, created a suspicion, which induced capt. Bainbridge to cause her to be examined, and after that, the Americans were about retiring satisfied, when capt. Bowen sprung from one of the port holes into the boat, and claimed protection from his countrymen. While a prisoner capt. B. and his crew were treated very well; and in return the officers and seamen of the corsair were well used on board the Philadelphia. Capt. Bowen represented the Emperor of Morocco's mariners as cowardly wretches, and believed that a very few guns would have rendered his vessel safe. It is said, besides, that they are fearful of carrying sail either in pursuing or retreating.
The ship taken from the Moors had failed for the United States.
The Moorish admiral's frigate, of 22 guns, was out on a cruise. On the 30th of September in long. 8, capt. Elwell, was boarded from the frigate Adams, from Gibraltar bound home, with three vessels under convoy. The officers informed, that the day previous they had learnt from a British ship that she had met a Moorish frigate with three American vessels as prizes.
Early in September, there was three or four small Moorish armed vessels at Gibraltar, with sealed orders.
When the hostile disposition of the emperor was ascertained, all the United States vessels at Gibraltar, put to sea for the protection of the trade, and orders were dispatched up the Mediterranean for some of the government ships to come down. Two or three of the smaller cruisers had fortunately arrived from America; and the strength of our squadron at the Straits is sufficient to prevent any considerable apprehensions for the safety of merchant vessels.
Capt. Elwell was told by the consul at Malaga, that commodore Preble had gone over to Tangiers, to endeavor to restore a good understanding with Morocco. It will be recollected that the consul general to the Barbary powers was a passenger in the Constitution, and both that gentleman and commodore Preble, have ample powers.
There were no reports of Tripoline vessels being at sea.
War between France and Spain was expected at Malaga.
The report that lord Nelson had bombarded Algiers was revived and credited.
For Sale or Rent. A convenient two story BRICK HOUSE and Lot, situated on the Pennsylvania avenue near the Center Market. Possession will be given the first of March. For terms apply to the subscriber, WM. WOODWARD. November 18—tf TEN DOLLARS REWARD.
DESERTEd from on board the United States frigate Essex, THOMAS WILLIAMS a seaman, about 19 years of age, five feet four or five inches high, pitted with the small pox. Whoever apprehends said deserter and delivers him to captain John Caslin, superintendent of the Navy Yard, shall receive the above reward and all reasonable charges paid.
Also RICHARD DAVISON a seaman from the hospital, belonging to the frigate Congress, dark complexion, about five feet 10 inches high, thick set November 18—3t
PATENT GUN LOCK. The subscriber offers for sale the right of making and using Edward West's improvement in Gun Locks, which is considered by judges of the utmost importance to every person using fire arms, and more particularly to the army and militia of the United States. There are two very great advantages resulting from this improvement, the first is, that no accident can possibly happen by a gun going off at half cock as it has in that situation no connection with the dog, consequently not with the trigger or any other external part of the lock. It cannot possibly catch at half cock as there is no notch that the dog can catch on and the counter dog is so placed in the act of cocking, as not to be restored but by the cock first falling or being let down. The great security in this improvement ought certainly to recommend it to general use, to avoid the innumerable accidents that has and must unavoidably happen from the present plan, in gun going off at half cock, &c. application made to Mr. Rhodes, city of Washington will be communicated and attended to, where I shall attend at the firing of Congress. TEOMAS WEST.
August 29. 1803m

FOR SALE.
ABOUT 2000 acres of land on the East side of the Eastern Branch, and adjoining it, three miles from the city of Washington. Vessels drawing 12 feet water, may load at the landing, where there is a tolerable good wharf.
Near 400 acres of this land is a rich bottom through which there are several streams of water, that turn a mill, erected on the land, and which might be used to advantage, in watering meadow; a part of the bottom is now in woody grass and this whole is capable of producing grass in abundance, and tobacco. There may be between five and six hundred acres in wood, the rest is cleared land. A part of the land adjoins a commodious brick dwelling house, with all convenient out-houses; and a large and handsome garden, but not in good repair, on the borders of the town of Bladensburg.
This property, so convenient to the city of Washington, which affords a market for grass and all other productions of land, equal to any in the United States; so certain from its situation to rise in a few years, to a price several times as high as will now be taken for it, well deserves the attention of men of fortune. The whole land including the dwelling house and improvements, and mill, will be sold for 10 pound per acre. It is questionable whether the meadow-ground, alone, is not worth all the money; it is certain, that it might easily be made to pay more than the annual interest of the whole purchase.
BEN. STODDERT. George Town, Nov. 15—3w
FOR SALE,
An excellent second handed Forté Piano;
The owner being about to remove from Washington, will dispose of it low for cash—Enquire of the printer hereof. November 16—6t
THORNS FOR HEDGES.
FOR sale by the subscriber, at his nursery near the Little Falls of Potomac, upwards of fifty thousand plants of the American White Thorn, assorted at 4, at 5, and at 6 dollars per thousand—purchasers who desire it, will be particularly informed of the methods used by the subscriber in planting and cultivating hedges by the assistance of the plough. Through what means the hedges are expeditiously planted, easily cleaned from weeds, and by the benefit of regular cultivation kept in a healthy thriving state, at a small expense, the whole cost or trouble of attendance annually, and but for a few years, not being material; different from the culture of a row of Indian corn of equal extent—gentlemen who reside at a distance can be accommodated with plants of a small size; 10 or 15000 of which may be packed in a box of convenient bulk for easy portage, in which they may remain in good preservation until the middle of April.
The subscriber has also for sale, a few trees of the choicest sorts of pears; among which are the brown burre, benedictine, jargonel, crecassine, Longueville, crawford or lammas, autumn, Dutch English, and orange bergamots; moorcroft-egg-will, citeman-de-Carmis, drummond, &c. Also some trees of the Newtown pippin apple, none such nonpareil, Spitzenberg, sweet ruffet, the keckage from Ireland, golden pippin, golden rennet, &c. Also a few vine cuttings of the black Hamburgh, white Frontinac, white chasselas, white and black muscadines, black prince &c. Gooseberry plants, of the best new, forts The paper mulberry, pyracantha or ever green thorn, laburnum, pride of China, foxglove &c. &c.
THOMAS MAIN. November 16—3t
To be sold at public auction by virtue of a decree of the high court of Chancery of Maryland, for the benefit of the creditors of Robert Whittaker deceased, on Thursday the 15th day of December next on the premises.
A Valuable Tract of Land, containing about 500 acres of rich fertile land, one third at least in heavy wood and timber with at least fifty acres of excellent meadow land, part of which is now under the sythe, the improvements are two dwelling houses, three tobacco houses with all other necessary out houses the situation only two miles from Upper Marlboro, and about the same distance from Patuxent river—this valuable property will be sold together or will be divided to accommodate purchasers—at the same time and place will be offered at public sale a valuable mill seat, containing 14 acres on which has formerly been a very valuable merchant mill, the improvements at present are only a large dwelling house—there is a never failing stream abundantly sufficient with a good dam and sufficient stone on the land for foundations &c. even a country mill on it would have constant employment; this property lies within half a mile of Upper Marlboro, where there is a very considerable inspection of tobacco, and tide water for flats from Patuxent river. The above property will be sold on a credit of one and two years bond with security being given to the trustee for the principal and interest from the day of sale, and on payment a good title will be made by deed from the trustee, according to the decree. All persons having claims yet outstanding against the estate of the said Robert Whittaker are required to lodge them with proper vouchers in the Chancery office on or before the 15th day of March next.
ISAAC LANSDALE, Trustee. Prince Georges County, November 16, 1803—5t straw
Physiognotrace
LIKENESSES ENGRAVED.
THE subscriber respectfully informs the public, that he will leave this city by the 20th of this month, and therefore takes the liberty of requesting those persons who intend to employ his talents, to make their application before that time.
St. MEMIN. November 16—3t
WAS taken from a Glass safe in the store of the subscribers, on Wednesday morning, the 9th inst. by some person unknown. One lady's locket set in stone, One do. set in pearls, representing a female figure, supporting a lamb in her arms, One do. do. plain, representing a temple, One do. do. do. feather, One do. do. do. anchor, One handsome fortioi shell, segar box, Some silver pencil cases, high finished razors, and scissors. As it is probable they were taken by some servant and may be offered for sale; any person apprehending the thief and securing the articles or any part of them shall be handsomely rewarded.
RAPINE, CONRAD, & Co. near the Capitol. November 14.
WAS taken off the Race ground on the evening of the ninth instant a bright bay HORSE, with the marks of a collar on both sides of his withers; he is branded on his near side with the letter B both on his buttock and shoulder. Whoever will deliver the said horse to Washington Boyd in the city of Washington shall receive ten dollars reward and no questions asked.
November 14—4t
Taken up as a Stray, and brought before me this day by George Jones, living near the twenty buildings, a Mule-colored MARE with a baid face and glassy eyes, about 7 or 8 years old, and 12 hands high; she has been in the care of said Jones near 12 months. The owner is desired to prove property, pay charges and take her away.
CORN CONINGHAM. Washington, Nov. 12—3t
A. J. VILLARD, PRESENTS his respects to the gentlemen of Washington and George Town, and gives them notice that he has opened a
Coffee & Oyster House,
In the same stile as the one he kept last winter: His rooms are decorated with diverse models of architecture, and a fine collection of engravings for the amusement of the curious: He has different kinds of plays for the recreation of those who will honor him with their visits: He intends to keep all sorts of liquors of the first quality, Martinique cordials, &c. &c. Oysters cooked in any manner, so as to suit the palate of the greatest epicure. Two Boarders will be taken.
Pennsylvania Avenue opposite the Center Market. November 14—5t oop
THIS is to give notice that the subscriber of Washington city hath obtained from the Chancery court of Washington in the district of Columbia, letters of administration on the personal estate of NATHANIEL GOODALL late of said city and county deceased; All persons having claims against the said deceased are hereby warned to exhibit the same, with the vouchers thereof, to the subscriber at or before the 15th day of May next, they may otherwise by law be excluded from all benefit of the said estate—Given under my hand this 4th day of November, 1803.
ORLANDO COOK, Adm. N. B. The sale will commence on Saturday the 19th November. November 4—taw3w
NOTICE.
ORDERED that Orlando Cook administrator of Nathaniel Goodall deceased, give notice to the creditors of the deceased to exhibit their claims against him by advertisement in the usual form, inserted in a newspaper in the city of Washington twice a week for three successive weeks.
Ordered also that the said administrator sell the personal property of the said deceased at public auction—on a credit of sixty days where any purchaser shall buy to the amount of more than twenty dollars; taking bond with security for payment with interest from the day of sale—all sales under the above sum to be for cash. But he shall give fifteen days previous notice of the time, place and terms of sale by advertisement in the National Intelligencer, and also at the most public places in the city of Washington.
Test JOHN HEWITT, Reg. November 4—taw3w
MILITARY LANDS FOR SALE.
By virtue of a power delegated to his executors, by the last will and testament of John Rose, Esq. deceased, late of the county of Westmoreland we the subscribers, having taken upon ourselves the execution of his said will, and qualified thereto according to law, now offer for sale, the following tracts of land, viz.
One tract of fifteen hundred acres, by patent, bearing date 7th of day of January, 1796, lying on Cumberland river, in the state of Kentucky.
One of 1500 acres by patent, bearing date the 30th day of August, 1797, on the waters of Paint Creek, between the Miami and Sciata rivers.
One of 1500 acres by patent, bearing date the 25th of April 1800, also on the waters of Paint Creek.
One of 1200 acres by patent, bearing date the 25th day of April 1800, lying on the banks of the Sciota river.
Two other small lots of one and two hundred acres on the waters of Lees creek a branch of the Rattle Snake fork of Paint creek.
One other small tract, of 360 acres, in the same neighborhood—and lastly,
One other tract of 1500 acres, surveyed and patented for Burgess Bell, lying on a branch of Gaspars river, adjoining the upper corner of George Washington's survey, and the same having been sold, and conveyed by the said Bell to the said Rose. Proposals for a purchase of the whole or any part of the said lands will be received verbally or by letter, addressed to any of the subscribers. The taxes on these lands have been regularly paid, and a clear and indisputable title will be made the purchaser, by HENRY ROSE, Alexandria, WM. ROBINSON, Leeds, AU. BERRY, Port Royal, September 26. } Executors.
4,000 weight of first quality FIRKIN BUTTER Just received and for Sale by ALEXANDER M'CORMICK. Capitol Hill, Washington, Nov. 7—tf
RAPINE, CONRAD & Co. NEW JERSEY AVENUE. Have just received the following NEW BOOKS.
The life of Lorenzo De' Medici, 3 vol. Denon's travels in Upper and Lower Egypt during the campaigns of gen. Bonaparte in that country, 2 vol. Willich's Domestic Encyclopedia; or Dictionary of facts and useful knowledge, vol. I. & II. for which the subscription is still open—the price will be enhanced to nonsubscribers. The Marriage Promise, a new comedy. Public characters, or cotemporary biography, containing the memoirs of the most celebrated personages of this country and Europe. John Bull, or an Englishman's fire side, a new comedy. Tale of Mystery—ditto. Friend of Women, translated from the French. Bouffet's Select Sermons, &c. &c. N. B.—R. C. & Co. Have always on hand, at moderate prices, writing letter and wrapping papers, quills, wafers, sealing-wax, ink powder, ink and sand flasks, pocket books, playing cards, parchment, blank and account books, copper plate copies, &c. &c.
NOTICE.
WILL be sold at public auction, on Wednesday the 23d inst. at the Twenty buildings in the city of Washington, the personal property of Redmond Barry deceased, consisting of some plate, household kitchen furniture, together with a horse and chair with harness, and one cow and calf. Terms six months credit for all sums over 20 dollars, the purchasers giving bonds with approved security for the payment with interest from the day of sale until paid. JOHANNA BARRY. admx. November 7—3t
COLUMBIAN INN.
GEORGE TOWN. THE Subscriber begs leave to solicit the patronage of his former friends and customers, and in order to keep them he still continues at the Columbian Inn—where he will be happy to have it in his power to accommodate them as usual. JOHN H. BARNEY. September 27. eptj
All persons having claims or demands of any nature against the subscriber are requested to exhibit their accounts, without delay, to JOHN HEWITT or RICHARD FORREST , Esqrs. of the city of Washington, who are authorised, in my name, to adjust and settle the same: and all persons indebted to me are requested to make payment to either of the gentlemen above named. SAMUEL BLODGET. March 30. tf
BISCUIT BAKE HOUSE, Near the Sugar House New-Jersey Avenue. The subscriber has commenced the above business in all its various branches; where merchants or owners of vessels may be supplied on reasonable terms; also private families with the best of Crackers. PETER MILLER. Washington August 19. tf
FOR SALE.
THE Plantation on which I live, containing about 600 acres of valuable land. The improvements are, an exceeding good dwelling house two stories high, 42 feet long, by 36 feet wide, with a passage through the middle, three rooms below, and four above stairs, with fire places in all but one, and a dry sweet cellar, the size of the house, in which is a capital vault with two rooms, and above is a fine airy pantry. A kitchen 36 by 18, two stories high, with a kitchen and laundry below, and lodging rooms for servants above. A washing house, meat house and dairy and in short every necessary improvement for the accommodation of a family, and a very fine collection of grafted and budded peach trees of the most approved kinds, chiefly from Princes nursery on Long Island, which are just beginning to bear. This property is situated in a healthy genteel neighborhood, about four miles from the city of Washington, five from Alexandria. Nearly one half is in wood and timbered, and the residue arable and meadow land; of the latter, there are about 50 or 60 acres under the sythe and more may be easily laid down. Perhaps no tract of the same size, abounds more in fine springs, there being a never failing stream in every field, besides an abundant one which runs through the meadow and from which the greatest part of it may be watered For terms apply to the subscriber on the premises. OVERTON CARR. September 19. eptf
A Valuable Purchase.
To be sold by private contract, on an unusual long credit, a part of the valuable estate, belonging to ANTONY ADDISON , Esq. called Cheselster with additions, lying on the waters of the Eastern Branch, immediately opposite the city of Washington. It extends from below the Navy Yard up to within a few yards of the lot of the bringer, and has on it the ferry over the Branch, commonly called Naiors, or Dyer's Ferry. The estate is divided into lots for the accommodation of purchasers, a correct plat of which is in the hands of capt. Marbury of Blue plains opposite Alexandria. Capt. Marbury may be spoken with at the bank of Columbia on every Thursday. October 19. ep4w
FOR SALE.
A handsome NEW GIGG and Harness full plated, built in Philadelphia, from the last London fashion, may be seen and the terms known at Mr. Lovell's, the Union Tavern Pennsylvania Avenue. November 9—3t.
THOMAS CARPENTER, TAYLOR.
HAS just received a handsome supply of fall goods, which he is determined to sell and make upon the most reasonable terms, and in the best and most fashionable manner, and greatest expedition. Pennsylvania Avenue, near the President's Square and Capitol Hill, seventh house from the Capitol. Oct. 14. tf
LECTURES.
IN a science so various and complicated as the present system of the LAW, nothing which tends to facilitate the progress of the student can be deemed useless. It is with this view that the subscriber proposes to deliver during the winter, (and if suitable encouragement offers, annually)
A COURSE OF LECTURES, On Education, Belles Letters, Composition, History and Law.
The subscriber means to divide the same into two distinct courses. The object of the division is, that young gentlemen who are designed to fill stations in active life, distinct from those of the learned professions, may resort to that course of lectures which will be delivered without a relation to the Law, which will be the sole foundation of the other.
If the plan should meet with success, the subscriber contemplates furnishing, next winter, a handsome Library, for the use of such gentlemen as feel desirous of patronising the undertaking.
The municipal laws of each state will then be provided—That students at law from any part of the United States will find it their interest to repair to the Metropolis, to pursue their studies; where they will have the advantage of attending the Congressional debates.
The facility of access which the houses of Congress offer, is a circumstance peculiarly advantageous to the student, and the youthful pleader, not only from the light which is thrown in the course of debate on controverted questions of law; not only to be derived from witnessing the eager contests, the vigorous attacks, the wary methods of defence, exhibited by men of the most conspicuous talents, rivals alike in abilities and interest but especially from this consideration, that the speakers are, in general, exempted by the nature of their functions, from those defects to which pleaders are peculiarly exposed.
The Lectures will commence the first week in December next, and continue until twelve distinct Lectures in each course shall have been delivered.
The terms may be known by applying personally, or by letters post paid to ROBERT WARE PEACOCK, Attorney at Law. City of Washington, October 17, NIUG:DI
Lots for sale.
IN eligible situations, and upon very advantageous terms—A plan of the several squares in which they are contained may be seen and terms thereon by applying to, ROBERT W. PEACOCK. Attorney at law and Conveyancer.
I WILL sell five hundred and fifty acres of Land whereon I live, in Fairfax county, within five miles of the court house, and within twenty of the City of Washington, Alexandria, Dumfries, and twelve of the Occoquan mills, it is a healthy situation, the land fertile, and has about two hundred acres of wood to cut, there is a great proportion of white and red oak, popular and hickory timber.—There is nearly one hundred acres of prime land for meadow, I will give six months credit for one fourth of the purchase money—twelve months for the other quarter, eighteen for the third, and two years for the last payment, a purchaser will find me on the premises. THOS. POLLARD. Feb. 21st. ep
JUST RECEIVED,
By the UNITED STATES, Capt. Finley from Liverpool, Fall Goods, viz.
Brafs Plate and wire fenders and irons, shovel and tongs, pokers, bellows, coal hods, bell metal kettles, brass footmen, knives and forks, plated bridle bits and stirrups, with a variety of faddlery, brafs ware, kitchen furniture, tools and building materials, &c. HENRY INGLE. Washington, Oct. 28—ep2m.
On Monday next will be published at Duane's Store Pennsylvania Avenue.
BLACKSTONE'S COMMENTARIES,
WITH NOTES OF REFERENCE
to the CONSTITUTION and LAWS OF THE Federal government of the United States, and the Commonwealth of Virginia.
IN FIVE VOLUMES WITH AN APPENDIX TO EACH VOLUME.
Containing short tracts upon such subjects as appeared necessary to form a correct view of the laws of Virginia, as a member of the federal union.
By St. George Tucker, Professor of law, in the university of William and Mary; and one of the Judges of the General Court in Virginia.
A large collection of the most valuable books, and an extensive assortment of stationery will be opened on the same day—Catalogues will be published in the course of the
The highest price will be given in cash for men and cotton rags in any quantity from a pound to a ton weight—at the above store.
Book-binding, ruled work for accounts—Letter-press and copper plate printing executed—and orders for engraving by the best artists of America executed. November 14—tf
TO RENT
AND immediate possession given, a two story frame HOUSE, in the city of Washington, on sq. 224, opposite to Robert Peacock's esq. lately occupied by doctor Tabbs. Containing 3 rooms and a large pantry on the 1st floor, two on the 2d floor with garret rooms—Piazza and balcony to the fourth front, cellar and dry well, with an excellent garden—kitchen stable and carriage house, with every other convenience fit for the reception of a genteel family—for further particulars, enquire at the store of Mr. Xaupi a few doors east of Rhodes's tavern, north F street. October 19. tf
NOTICE.
APPLICATION is intended to be made at the Treasury for the renewal of the following described certificates of Registered debt which have been lost, viz. No. 2203 and 2204, given to James Moore and Andrew Henderson for 165 69-100ths cents each—one to Charles Aurones, No. 2199 for 165 69 100ths cents—another to Meredith Wolf, No. 2193, for 264 62-100ths cents, and one granted to Charles Miller, No. for 165 69 100ths cents, all bearing interest from 1st July 1781.
WILLIAM CALHOUN. October 26—6w
CHARLES VARDEN, TAYLOR, FROM PHILADELPHIA.
HAS received from Philadelphia an elegant assortment of the best quality Superfine Cloths, Cassimeres, Silk Florantine, Black and fancy silk moleskin velvet, white & figured Marcellus, Swardowns, Toilingettes, Velvet-teens, Fancy cords, Coating, &c.
With a variety of other articles suitable for the winter season. N. B. Ladies Habits, Regimentals and Navy uniforms made in the first style of fashion.
New-Jersey Avenue, the second House from the Capitol Square. November 8, 1803.
NOTICE.
THIS is to give notice that the subscriber a Washington city hath obtained from the Orphans court of Washington in the District of Columbia, letters of administration on the personal estate of NATHANIEL GOODALL late of said city and county deceased; all persons having claims against the said deceased are hereby warned to exhibit the same, with the vouchers thereof, to the subscriber at or before the 15th day of May next, they may otherwise by law be excluded from all benefit of the said estate—Given under my hand this 4th day of November, 1803.
ORLANDO COOK, Adm. November 4—taw3w
This day is Published,
By SAMUEL H. SMITH.
And for sale at his Office, and at the bookstore of Rapine, Conrad and Co. Price 25 Cents—
REFLECTIONS
ON THE CESSION OF LOUISIANA
TO THE
UNITED STATES.
By SYLVESTRIS.
October 17, 1803.
THEO. HOLT,
HAS received from Europe and for sale, fine mixed Tulips, double Dutch Hyacinths, separate colors in good order for glasses, Potts and Persian Ranunculus. Crocus's several colors, fine mixed Anemones, &c—Split Peas, Durham Mustard, Bird Seeds, Grass Seeds, Garden Tools, Garden Seeds, &c. He has also a large assortment of Fruit Trees, Flowering shrubs, Lombardy Poplars, &c. Eastern Branch, Nov. 2—tawtf
Wants a Place.
WITH a gentleman or in a family, a young Man who has been accustomed to the care of horses and driving a carriage, a line left at the Office of this paper will be duly attended to. October 2—7t
Valuable Land for Sale.
The executors of the last will and testament of Anthony Holmead deceased, will sell at private sale about forty acres of Land adjoining the city of Washington at the northern extremity of 20th street west. This land is generally allowed to be one of the most beautiful situations near the city, having a beautiful prospect of nearly the whole of the city of Washington, Alexandria and George Town, and any person inclined to purchase this valuable property, will be shown the same, and know the terms by application to the subscriber near the premises. JOHN HOLMEAD. November 11—tf
CHINA, GLASS, & QUEENS WARE, STORE.
THE subscriber has just received an elegant assortment of china, glass and queens ware, among which are, A few sets of French china, East India do. China plates and bowls of all sizes, China glass mugs, Cut tumblers, do. wine glass, do. goblets, do. decanters, pint and quart, do. jelly glasses, do. salts. He has also as usual an assortment of groceries—best Spanish segars, Makintosh tobacco, scotch and rappie snuff, Macauba, &c. A. L. JONCHERES, a few doors below the Union Tavern. November 11—cop7t