The national intelligencer and Washington advertiser. (Washington City [D.C.]), 1808-08-22 00:00:00

National Intelligencer.
WASHINGTON ADVERTISER.
VOL. VIII.
WASHINGTON CITY, PRINTED BY SAMUEL HARRISON SMITH, PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE.
NO. 1226.
FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM,
MONDAY, AUGUST 22, 1803.
PAID IN ADVANCE.
CONGRESS.
From amongst the great quantity of debate which we have on hand prepared for publication, we have selected the following, on the bill passed at the late session for appropriating a sum of money towards arming the whole body of the militia of the United States. Independent of the interest excited by this debate and the importance of the subject, it has the merit of being concisely reported.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
April 16.
The House resolved itself into committee of the whole, Mr. Bassett in the chair, on the bill making provisions for arming the whole body of the militia of the U. S.
The first section of the bill provides "That the annual sum of dollars be, and the same hereby is appropriated for the purpose of providing arms and military equipments for the whole body of the militia of the United States, either by purchase or manufacture by and on account of the U. S."
The second section provides "That the President of the United States be, and he hereby is authorised to purchase sites for & erect such additional arsenals & manufactories of arms as he may deem expedient, under the limitations and restrictions now provided by law: Provided also , That so much of the law as restricts the number of workmen in the armories of the United States to one hundred men, be, and the same hereby is repealed."
Mr. Randolph moved to fill the blank in the first section with one million of dollars. It would be perceived, he said, that in consequence of the change in the relations of the United States to foreign governments, a general sentiment seemed to be excited of the propriety of our beginning to extend manufactures at home, so as to enable us to provide for ourselves those articles of the first necessity which we are in the habit of procuring from foreign nations. This being the cause, what manufacture should be more properly promoted than that which would ensure the protection of our lives and property? What manufacture were the United States more interested in cherishing and extending, than the manufacture of arms for the public defence—for arming the whole body of the militia? For when this object was accomplished, provided the militia were not suffered to rust in inactivity, & a regular force called out on all occasions, we should not only be prepared against foreign invasion, but it would be inso facto one of the most perfect guarantees to our present free government that the art of man could possibly devise. Supposing a people free, by this measure permanency would be given to their freedom; for it was not possible that a nation free and armed could have their liberties taken from them, until they were reduced to that state when it is impossible to keep them free—for Mr. R. observed, that in this respect nations were like men; if once they became dissolute it was impossible to compel them to attend to their true interests; but at the same time every encouragement in their power should be given to men and nations, by a good education and good habits, to induce them to remain free and independent; and he did most heartily wish, instead of disputing about abstract points in politics, as the old Greeks and Romans did on nice questions in metaphysics, that the legislatures of the several states & of the U. S. were more frequently employed in acting strictly legislatively; for in their great zeal—and it was laudable but ought to be regulated—they often forgot business in politics—were disputing frequently on abstract points in politics instead of passing laws; and nothing was more common than to hear men say that a particular law might be good, but it involved such and such thing, which had no rational connection with the subject. But to the point: one million of dollars he said would arm but about 100,000 men; in which ratio it would require five or six years to arm the whole, excluding from consideration the intermediate increase of population.
Mr. Smilie was in favor of the bill but objected to the appropriation of so large a sum as a million of dollars; for it would be totally impracticable to procure to that amount, were they to grant it.
Mr. Rhea wished to know what was the specific object of the bill, or how the arms were to be disposed of when procured, for there was no provision in the bill to designate that. He thought the bill was in a very imperfect state, and suggested the propriety of recommending it to the select committee for the purpose of arranging the necessary detail.
Mr. Randolph said that while every one professed to be in favor of arming the militia, great difficulties were thrown in the way of accomplishing that object. A re-commitment to the committee would produce no effect: for the truth was, that the committee was composed of such discordant though not jarring materials, that it had been with great difficulty that they could concur as far as the bill went. However, the marrow and pith of the bill was, the providing of arms for the militia; and when gentlemen objected to the amount of appropriation proposed, from the difficulty of procuring arms, they should not at the same time object to the difficulty of distributing them. Mr. R. said he would give the committee his view on this subject: he could wish to see certain Executive officers of the government as they are now commissioners of the sinking fund, and to have an annual and liberal permanent appropriation vested in their hands to be expended under the control of the President of the United States in the purchase and manufacture of arms. So much for getting them together; now for distributing them. It had been said by some that in their particular states it would be proper to distribute these arms to the militia men individually; others had said they could not consent to make them the private property of individuals. This difficulty Mr. R. said might be gotten over when the arms were procured; the arms might be distributed among the several states in proportion to the number of their militia respectively, and those states might distribute or dispose of those arms in such manner as the governments of the several states should by law direct. This mode would accommodate not only the prejudices but the interests of the whole union. In the state of Massachusetts (said Mr. R.) we are told that the militia are armed; it would be useless to give those arms who already have them: It is presumable then that the legislature of that state would not make such a disposition, but distribute them in arsenals. A similar mode need not be pursued in states where there is an imperious necessity for immediately arming the militia. If gentlemen will bring forward any feasible project for the purpose, I shall have no objection to reimburse those citizens who have under the laws of the respective states provided their own arms. But Mr. R. said it was a very extraordinary thing, while manufacturers of every sort were encouraged with a view to supply the wants of the people by their own labor, that it should be confessed that they were unable to manufacture arms even with the aid of government. Did not the House believe, after this bill should pass and the restriction to the number of armories should be removed, that the U. S. would open a wide field of emigration, particularly of artificers from Germany? He had been told, he observed, that in one part of Germany, men were anxious to establish manufactures of this article in our country, and had sounded government on the subject. The moment these persons found such a demand created, no doubt they would consult their own interest by transporting themselves hither. Mr. R. said he was not one among those who were extremely anxious to invite emigration to the United States; but while inviting, it was as well to invite those who would contribute to its wealth, and to give security and stability to the government.
Mr. Smilie said if the government were to be the holders of these arms and have it in its power to disarm the people at pleasure, this would be an armed government still, but not an armed people. He was willing that the United States should either by ma-
nufacture or purchase make the necessary provision of arms for arming the militia, but he had no idea that this object should be accomplished at the expence of the United States. The people should arm to protect themselves and their property. At the same time that he would make an appropriation at this time, he would not vote for a million of dollars. Did gentlemen consider the expence already gone into, and could any gentlemen then say that they could at this time spare a million of dollars for this purpose? He was willing to appropriate a smaller sum; and, as the revenue progressed, from year to year it might be increased.
Mr. Holland could not understand the object of the bill at all, and it could not be expected that they should vote for the bill till its object was known; for assuredly the bill did not proclaim its own purpose as expressed by the gentleman from Virginia. If the arms to be distributed among the people were to be considered the property of the United States he would not vote a single dollar for them; for when the people should be placed in this situation, their liberties would be nearly gone. He wished the bill to be arranged in some sort; that it should declare how the arms were to be distributed, and whether they were to be considered the property of the U. States; for till that were done he could not vote understandingly on the subject. He therefore moved that the committee rise for the purpose of re-committing the bill.
Mr. Ely objected to the sum with which it was proposed to fill the blank, and to the bill itself. He said that in the present state of Europe arms could not be procured thence; that the sum of 300,000 dollars already appropriated this session was as much as could be expended for the manufacture of arms in the United States; and that the manufactories in the U. States could not be so extended during the present year as to manufacture a larger quantity. He also represented the tendency of a bill of this nature if adopted to contravene their own laws requiring the several states to superintend their militia, some of whom had already armed the militia at their own cost, and others compelled the militia to arm themselves; and some, who had it in contemplation so to do, would undoubtedly remit their exertions on the passage of this bill.
Mr. Lloyd hoped the committee would not rise. The purpose for which it was proposed that the committee should rise, had been agitated in the select committee, and he believed it impossible in that committee to fix on any mode or plan for the distribution of these arms. If then the bill were re-committed, it could answer no purpose but to consume time. He was astonished that gentlemen should rise and express an anxiety in favor of the principle, and yet start so many objections to the bill, all which when examined would have no influence on the House and would not be satisfactory to the nation.
The gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Smilie) objects to the expence, and says if these arms are to be the property of the United States he could not vote for them; he then says he wishes them to be sold out to the people. If this course were to be adopted, what force could be attached to the objection to the expence? Upon the score of economy the argument would have no weight; for the United States would be placed precisely in the same situation as they were before the appropriation.
The gentleman objects to the bill if it is contemplated to place it in the power of the U. States to call upon the people to give up the arms after they are distributed. I will ask the gentleman if he supposes the people would be so unmindful of their own liberties that they will give up their arms at the discretion of the United States? I believe if the people of the United States are once armed they will not be so pusillanimous as to give up those arms if they are to be converted to their own destruction. This then is an evil which would not result, even admitting that we enact that they shall hold these arms at the pleasure of the United States.
Gentlemen have spoken of the money already appropriated this session for the purchase of arms. The arms thus to be purchased are not for the purpose contemplated by this bill;
they are purchased for the use of the U. States and to be placed in their arsenals. Then why oppose the sum already appropriated for arms as a set-off against that proposed to be appropriated, when they are for distinct objects; and the appropriation already made will certainly not promote the object of the bill—to arm the people.
The gentleman from Massachusetts (Mr. Ely) says that he cannot see how arms are to be procured, if the money be appropriated; he believes more cannot be had than are already authorised to be procured. This is no doubt the gentleman's own opinion, and I have heard it advanced from another quarter; but some time since I conversed with one of the best gun-smiths in the country, who says that our manufacture may be increased and that many artificers may be found in the U. States; and that in the state of Maryland alone, an additional number of from five to ten thousand may be manufactured. If so many may be had in this state, no doubt other states could furnish a sufficient number to meet the proposed appropriation.
The gentleman from North-Carolina (Mr. Holland) objects to the bill because no mode of distribution is pointed out. If the gentleman, who professes to be anxious to attain the object, will vote for the bill, ways and means may be found to distribute them.
It is said that this system would prevent the states from arming. No such thing as arming the whole body of the militia was ever proposed before this session, and yet the states have not complied with the law, nor ever would have complied with it. Hardly a legislature in the union can agree upon the mode of arming; nor will I ever agree to vote for a bill requiring that every man should provide his own musket. It is said indeed that ten or twelve dollars is a trifling sum; but to some it is serious, for one man may pay a cent towards the same object for which another man pays an hundred dollars, and yet the former feel the expenditure more than the latter; and a law of that kind for compelling every man to pay for his musket may be considered as an oppressive poll tax. For my part I shall cheerfully vote one million for this purpose, and shall as cheerfully vote for the distribution of the arms when they are procured.
Mr. Macon said he considered this as the most important question which the House had had before them this session, and if the bill were to be re-committed, it would put the question to rest, as it would not be got up again during the session. The gentleman from Massachusetts, said Mr. M. wishes the committee to rise to get rid of the bill, because it will prevent state and individual exertion. This is the strongest reason why the question should be immediately decided, and I hope it will be decided Aye or No. The objection made to the bill on account of the sum proposed has no weight; because, as is customary, we begin with the highest sum proposed, and vote downwards till we fix upon a sum which shall appear to meet the ideas of a majority of the House. I have long been of opinion that it is the duty of the nation to arm the militia; I have always thought it wrong to make the poor man contribute the same mite towards the general protection as the rich man. Some are not fit for service in the militia, and some are prevented from serving by religious scruples; it is and always has been my opinion that these should pay their part. The gentleman from Virginia (Mr. Clay) some time ago pointed out a mode by which these arms could be distributed as equally as possible; for it is impossible to bring perfect equality to every man's door; and this bill contemplates the making the whole property of the whole nation pay its proportion towards arming the militia for the general defence. We cannot depend upon Europe to procure arms; nothing would be more absurd, for all Europe is against us. We must look to ourselves, for who can tell when the contest will cease? We must prepare earnestly and seriously for our defence. How many of our militia are now armed it would be difficult to say; but certainly a very great proportion of them are not armed. You are told that you cannot increase the expenditure for arms to a greater a-
mount than 10 or 15,000 stands a year. If so, we had better apply to some of the great powers of Europe, to take us under their protection; but we have no occasion to do this, for if we but give the same encouragement to armorers as to hatters and other artists, we should soon have enough of them. People who work in iron, and we have many of them in the nation, will serve as gun-smiths with little instruction.
It is said that no arms can be got. For God's sake let us make the experiment. I know it is not good policy to make appropriations for objects to which the money cannot be applied; but let us make the attempt to arm ourselves, when we see that the whole world is in arms against us. It seems that the resolution for giving authority to the President to suspend the embargo, which is of minor importance, is considered more important than this bill. I hope gentlemen will take this subject previously into consideration, and decide upon it according to its merits.
The 300,000 dollars already appropriated have nothing to do with this system. This is the commencement of a system for arming the nation; and as to inequality in distribution of the arms, that matter might be so arranged as to give the arms to the young men as they arrive at age. A gentleman from Virginia, (Mr. Clay) who certainly took the best view of the militia systems which I ever heard, told us that 40 or 50,000 men were annually placed on the militia list—five times the number of the arms now annually manufactured for the use of the U. States.
I agree perfectly with the gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Smilie) that these arms should not be placed in the hands of the militia to be considered as public property; neither would I sell them to the people; I would give them to be their own property exclusively, so that whether a man moves from Maine to Georgia, or whether he shall always remain in the same place, the arms once given to him shall be his absolute property. And on this subject I agree with the gentleman from Kentucky (Mr. Rowan) who told us the other day, that so far as relates to defence, this is a consolidated government, and I hope it ever will be so.
It has been objected that no provision is made by the bill for the distribution of the arms. If that could not hereafter be done done, the objection would lie to the bill itself. The same objection would lie to an act for taking the census. Get the arms, and your successors will find some way to distribute them, as we do to apportion the representation in conformity to a census after it has been taken.
When I reflect on the situation of Europe and our relations with them as manifested by the dispatches on our table, and see the indifference on the subject of procuring arms, I am alarmed. I have now the same sentiments as I entertained when first I came here, or rather more unfavorable to peace than they then were. Day after day affairs have grown progressively worse, until at length one power tells us that she considers us as associated with her in the war, and the other says out of our friendship we will tax you. I agree that we have taken a measure (the embargo) which I believe will try them; but if they find you perfectly defenceless your measure will not have much effect. I rely much on that measure; but you must convince Europe that you mean to resist any invasion on your rights. I love peace as much as any man; but I will vote for an appropriation of the largest sum which we can agree upon. I will vote for an appropriation of 20,000 dollars, if I can get no more; but would rather vote for a million.
This bill is intended as the commencement of a permanent system; the bill for procuring arms already passed this session, was but a temporary measure. I believe it proper for the United States to manufacture what arms they want; and if nothing else, the situation of Europe would convince me of it. Look at the two great powers of Europe. Can you get a gun from either of them? No, sir; not even a flint. Would any man twenty years ago have expected to have found Europe against us? I will venture to say not, sir; and yet that is the case—& no stronger reason could be given for a large appropriation for this purpose.

Mr. Findley said, he was willing the committee should rise and not have leave to sit again, because he did not understand either the object or the necessity of the bill. It was said to be for arming the whole body of the militia. Did it mean the arming of the body of the militia that were called into actual service? If so, this had always been done and Congress had made ample provisions for doing so again as far as was practicable. In some states the whole body of the militia were well armed, and in others partially so, and Congress possessed already more arms than it was probable would be necessary to put in the hands of militia for actual service at any one time. The government had not yet been able to manufacture more than equal to the annual appropriation; he believed not so much, and an additional appropriation of 300,000 had been already made this session. Certainly this was more than government could apply to that purpose before the next session of Congress. If it was intended to establish new manufactories the bill ought to say so, which it does not; and if it did they could not be in operation so as to increase the numbers of arms before next session of Congress, and it was admitted by all that arms could not be procured in Europe.
Some gentlemen in arguing in favor of the bill, propose bestowing them on the whole body of the militia and others providing for arming young men on their first entrance into militia service, to be their own for life. These were pleasing theories, but the bill before the committee provided for neither of these applications of the arms. It could bear no other construction than providing for arming the whole body to be called into actual service. If it is for any other purpose, why does not the bill say so? If it is to arm the whole militia of the United States to bear arms, it could not be done by such an appropriation in ten years, including their natural increase. Is it proposed to arm the militia of those states that are well armed already? They will not accept of them; their arms are their own; they know how they came by them; they keep them in order, they leave them to their children, they become the pride of their families.
The bill however only provides for arming the whole body of the militia with public arms, for which they must be responsible, unless lost in actual service, and must return them when called upon. Mr. F. said no man was more solicitous to have the militia armed than he was himself. He had frequently urged it in his own state. He had always considered that the militia having their own arms, & being accustomed to the use of them, was of tenfold more importance than all the improvement they could possibly receive without arms. Many thousands of arms had been distributed to the militia of Pennsylvania, especially throughout the very extensive frontier counties during the revolutionary war. But where are they now? When the Indians broke out afterwards, the country was found unarmed, more arms were given; but when officers since that time were appointed to collect the public arms very few were found but such as were unfit for public service. They had been carried out of the country by such as penetrated farther to make new settlements, or suffered to go out of repair, those who had them in possession having no interest in taking care of them when their tour of duty was over; and this would always be the case with public arms disposed of in this manner, the only way in which by the present bill they can be disposed of; for though gentlemen in arguing in favor of the bill had proposed other methods, yet they knew that the bill provided for no such methods as they had suggested.
Mr. F. said that this was the most singular bill that ever he had observed to be presented to the House. It proposed indeed to appropriate a million of dollars to provide for arming the whole body of the militia; but supposing it possible to procure them which it was not before next session, how were they to be disposed of? On this the bill was silent and left every man at liberty to urge their application, agreeable to his own fancy. If they were procured they probably would not supply more than one-tenth part of the militia. How then shall the President distribute? He cannot do it, for the law provides neither rule nor authority for that purpose. In that the bill in its present form is perhaps the most perfect that ever was offered to the House; but supposing the bill so amended as to provide for putting arms in the hands of young men when they entered on militia service agreeably to the wish of one honorable member, that would not be arming the whole body of the militia. It would not be arming a twentieth part and the whole body of the militia
would be 27 years in arming.
Mr. F. said that a few years since the government of Pennsylvania procured 20,000 stand of arms to be manufactured and required that every militia man should appear armed on the parade, but this law is a dead letter; they could not procure arms—those who manufactured the arms on public contract, proposed having the machinery in order to continue the manufacture at a much lower price. Mr. F. said he had advised to embrace the offer so that arms might be convenient to the substantial resident militia to purchase at a reasonable price. They would purchase, they would have a pride in taking care of them, and their posterity would consider the arms of their fathers as a precious deposit. He concluded by saying, that if the appropriations already made were not sufficient for all the arms that could probably or even possibly be manufactured before next session of Congress, he was willing to vote for more, but never would vote for a million of dollars for so impracticable an object, nor for a bill so exceedingly imperfect.
Mr. Randolph said, after the very able observations of the gentleman from North Carolina, he should not have again risen; but being a member of the committee who reported the bill he conceived it his duty to support it. As to the rising of the committee he should probably vote for it as he was worn out with the fatigue of so long sittings as they had for almost every day this week. The gentleman from Massachusetts had said he was not in favor of arming the militia; if he could tell where arms were to be found however he would appropriate money for them; but as the arms are not in market, they could not be bought. Mr. R. said that he had always understood that the way to obtain a supply was to create a demand. So long as there was no demand, an article might not be brought to market; but create a demand, and it would soon be plentiful. A few years since there was scarcely a pound of American cotton in the market; but we now export perhaps 20 millions of pounds. The gentleman had said that they might arrest the exertions of the states or individuals which now were arming themselves; that, understanding that the United States were about to arm the whole body of the militia, they would cease from this very laudable exertion, and thereby go unarmed. Now Mr. R. said, if these arms were not to be had at all, how were these patriotic individuals to be prevented from buying them; for if they could purchase them, so could the government—which the gentleman had denied.
A gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Tindley) whose voice was such that it was extremely difficult to understand him, said that if arms were put into the hands of the militia, when called for they would be out of order. Mr. R. said that would be a very good reason for supplying them with new arms. But how do they get out of order, said he? In teaching your citizens to make use of that instrument which they should understand. A man wears out his gun in learning to take aim at an enemy; for if he learns to shoot at smaller mark, he will not miss his enemy when he has occasion to shoot at one. I have heard the same argument used against a boy using his book, because by so doing, he might soil it; to avoid which it was covered up so nicely that it could not be opened; as is the case in some libraries arranged for show, and the arms in our arsenals. If you look at them you will find them very nice, not soiled in the least—because no one uses them. But I do not choose to have arms to look at like a library so finely bound and gilt that it is not calculated for use; I would have them so that they can be used—for the child to learn as well as the father, and by the time he comes of age he will understand their use as well as the father himself. Put arms into the hands of your militia, and if worn out by use, they may be replaced; the militia man will have acquired experience at the expense of a musket, which I would not give for the tuition of all the drill sergeants in Europe, and permit me add in America too, sir. After all it appears that what I apprehended has been the fact. We have laid out so much money in this and that project, and two millions upon what gentlemen persist in calling a temporary military force; and that is given as a reason why we cannot now afford to arm the militia. The reason is, you have raised or rather authorized the raising of 6000 men, to be clad, fed and paid for rustling in idleness, and incapacitated yourself from arming the militia. You have laid out your money in gold laced hats for the one, and you will not give the other bread. You have expended your treasure in gewgaws and military parade, and cannot buy arms for the militia.
[To be concluded in our next]
WASHINGTON CITY.
MONDAY, AUGUST 22.
ELECTIONS.—North Carolina "FEDERALISED." —It is with pleasure we have it in our power to state the result of the elections of several other districts in North Carolina, in which this state has not disappointed the high opinion we have entertained of her.
In the county of Granville , another of the three counties composing Mr. Macon's district, the votes for members of Congress were—
For Mr. Macon, 339 For any other person, NOT ONE.
Mr. Macon is therefore indubitably elected.
In the county of Wake , one of the three counties composing the district represented by Mr. Stanford, and one of the districts in which the greatest exertions had been made, a federalist of great personal influence having opposed him, there were,
For Mr. Stanford, 888 For Mr. Cameron, 531
Majority in one County, 357
Mr. Stanford is therefore elected, as the two other counties certainly give him a majority.
From another county ( Franklin ) we have heard of the state election, but not the Congressional. From this county, and the two above mentioned, the nine members elected to the legislature are decidedly republican. Another fact to prove that the state is COMPLETELY "Federalised," is, that from one of the above counties, a gentleman who has been returned a member to the assembly almost without opposition for six years, being now violently suspected of federalism, has been left out at this election by a majority of four hundred and fifteen! How proud a day this is for North Carolina, to see, while another state may depreciate a little from the pressure of the times, her sons (though not insensible) turn out manfully to the hustings, and almost double their former republican votes. Let her sisters emulate her example.
The district for which we entertain some fears, is that represented by Mr. Hackledge; but we trust to the good sense of his constituents.
The Governor of North Carolina has for the second time this season, called the council of state for the purpose of considering the propriety of convening the legislature for the purpose of suspending the execution law. The council of state, when convened before, rejected the proposition. It appears to be the opinion of our correspondent, that they will now consent to it. Should they agree to convoke the legislature, grievous will be the oppression on the poor, by the merchants, to take out executions before the law may prevent them. It is to be hoped that the firmness and foresight of the legislature, if convened, will rise superior to the influence of official characters, and that they will act as their own good sense shall dictate. Without deciding on the propriety of a non-execution law, its good tendency may be considered as extremely doubtful.
In a late paper, assuming to ourselves the privilege common to every citizen of the United States, of stating our opinion on any thing which occurs, we expressed surprise that a paper so liberal as the London Morning Chronicle usually is, should err so materially in point of fact, in relation to the negotiation conducted by Mr. Rose in this city.
On this remark, we find the following comment in the United States Gazette , a paper well known as a file-leader in the federal host:
" Ministerial Misrepresentation. —We copy the following paragraph from the last National Intelligencer , for the purpose of once more contradicting the assertion that our government agreed with Mr. Rose to separate the affair of the Chesapeake from all others in discussion. As often as the leading democratic prints repeat this falsehood, so often will we expose and refute it."
The wretched quibbler who is the author of the remarks which follow the extract from the Intelligencer , has quoted a passage from Mr. Madison's luminous letter of the 5th of March, and by giving it a tortuous construction, has endeavored to prove that a separation of the subjects was not agreed to.
Appealing to plain sense, and unwilling to occupy our columns with a labored essay to "prove by force of argument a man's no horse," we quote Mr. Rose's answer to Mr. Madison's letter of the 5th of March—an authority which it is presumed the Editor of the U. States Gazette will not contest:—
"It will be in your recollection, sir, that in our first interview, I stated the condition which makes the subject of the present letter, before I was informed by you , that the President of the United States would consent to the separation of the two subjects."
Perhaps the sagacious commentator may be able to prove that the words " before I was informed by you " signify " I never was informed by you ."
Our readers should be cautious of giving full faith to whatever news now circulated in the sea-ports from the West-India islands, and through them from Spain; for it is to be feared that letters are sometimes forged in our country to answer temporary purposes, and published as coming from foreign correspondents.
That published in this day's paper, as coming from Havanna via N. York, if credit could be attached to it, would excite attention. Two American national vessels are said to have been refused admission into the port of Havanna (then filled with British cruisers) for some time, and when admitted treated with indignity. As "straws shew which way the wind blows," this if true might serve to mark the disposition of the Spanish-English government of Havanna to the U. States.
We attach little credit, however, to this article, or the news said to be received from Spain via Havanna.
The federalists of Providence, R. Island, have agreed to present a petition for the repeal or removal of the embargo. The friends of disco rd seem to act in unison .
Certain federal editors affect to be struck with horror at an indiscreet expression said to have appeared in a Republican print, viz. that petitions ought to be presented to Congress at their next meeting to declare war with Britain. It is really extremely ridiculous to hear these persons stigmatize a single Republican with the most degrading epithets for hinting at that which they themselves are attempting with their whole force. What is there more criminal or less patriotic in proposing a declaration of war against England, than there is in petitioning for an immediate rupture with France without waiting for the form of a declaration?
Our readers will recollect our having mentioned Mr. Gray, a very respectable federalist and extensive merchant in Salem, as having by his vote in the legislature, refused to disapprove the embargo. In the days of federalism, the majority denounced their political opponents. In these days of republicanism, the same course is pursued by the minority . Dare any honest man of the party throw off the trammels of its leaders, and express an opinion contrary to theirs, he is pursued, persecuted, and nothing but the arm of law prevents him from being sacrificed to their resentment. In accordance with this practice, Mr. Gray has been vilely slandered, and the most sordid motives have been attributed for his approbation of the embargo. Mr. Gray, in a dignified letter to the editor of the federal paper at Salem, thus defends himself:
Mr. Cushing, I observe in your paper of Friday last, over the signature " CUESTA ," a piece imputing to me base and sordid motives for approving the embargo; in consequence of that, I am compelled to declare to the public, facts, and leave them to judge how far selfishness has influenced my opinion and conduct.
It is suggested that I set the opinions of others at defiance.
I have presumed to think for myself, and made the Constitution my guide; however mistaken I may be, my intentions are at least correct, nor do I defy or condemn others, for thinking differently; and so far from excusing the administration for submission to France, had I perceived symptoms of submission to that or any other foreign power, sooner than advocate such measures, I would devote my whole property for the support of the independence of the U. States.
When the embargo law passed, I thought it a constitutional measure, and I did not think proper to oppose it. The policy of the measure has been much questioned; yet I think the then existing circumstances rendered it prudent and necessary; as Great Britain had threatened, and had at that time passed (though not officially known to us) the orders of council of the 11th November, 1807, authorising the capture and condemnation of all vessels bound from the United States, that should sail for France, or the countries of her allies, after the orders of council were known in America; which included all Europe, except Great Britain, Gibraltar, Malta, and perhaps Sweden; at those places very few of those articles, which
we generally export, are admitted; and I think fewer still would have brought the cost and charges. Great Britain, it is said, would have permitted us, after touching there and paying duties, to go to France and the countries of her allies. Is there an independent American, who would submit to such impositions?
Bonaparte had threatened to put in operation his Berlin Decree , which he had however forbore to do, so far as I know, except in one instance, of the Horizon , wrecked upon the French coast; but his severe and tyrannical decree of 17th December last, called the Milan Decree , passed, declaring all vessels that should be spoken with by the British, liable to capture, which decree almost precluded the possibility of escape from capture or detention. After these restrictions on our commerce, had not the embargo been laid, I think a great part of our vessels, sent for the continent of Europe, would have been captured and condemned by the British, (as their orders authorised condemnation) and probably the remnant would have fallen into the hands of the French. Had these events taken place, the effect upon the public mind would, I think, have produced war; this, added to the immense loss, which the Americans would have sustained by capture and condemnation, must, I think, have been a far greater evil than the embargo; though that, taken separately from these considerations, is a serious evil; yet, as a proof that it was necessary, I find out of seven vessels, which sailed from this district for the continent of Europe, in the month preceding the commencement of the embargo, not one ever reached her destined port in safety.
It is insinuated that I am growing rich, while others are suffering by the embargo: I have not reaped any advantage from it, that I know of, in any form whatever; those who best know me can say, whether I have benefited others, or taken advantage of their necessity. So far from reaping profit from the embargo, my estate has declined more than ten per cent. in value since its operation, which I am ready to demonstrate to any person desirous of investigating the subject.
WILLIAM GRAY.
Salem, Aug. 11, 1808.
The proceedings of the commercial and highly respectable town of Salem, will operate as wormwood on federalism. It is to be hoped they will not be alone in this patriotic course.
Published by order of the Selectmen of Salem.
To the Selectmen of the town of Salem.
GENTLEMEN,
In conformity to the directions of the town of Boston, as above expressed, we enclose you a copy of the petition to the President of the United States, and request you to lay the same before your inhabitants, that if they see fit they may adopt similar measures.
Selectmen of Boston. Charles Bulfinch, William Porter, Ebenezer Oliver, Jona. Hunewell, John May, Francis Wright, Jona. Chapman.
Boston, Aug. 10, 1808.
To the Selectmen of the town of Boston.
GENTLEMEN,
We acknowledge the receipt of your's of the 10th inst. containing the proceedings of the town of Boston, relative to petitioning the President of the United States to "suspend the embargo, either wholly or in part, according to the powers vested in him by the Congress of the United States, &c." and the request of the town of Boston, "that the same be laid before the inhabitants of Salem, that if they see fit, they may adopt similar measures."
We assure you, gentlemen, it will afford us great pleasure to co-operate with our fellow citizens of the town of Boston, in any and all public measures which we believe will promote the public good.
We view (as we have done from the beginning) the embargo as a wise and prudent measure, peculiarly calculated to preserve the United States from being involved in the bloody contests of Europe, and to secure their commerce from capture and condemnation, under the authority of British Orders of Council and French Decrees . We consider that there can be no safety in renewing commerce, while these Decrees and Orders of Council are enforced; and confidently believe that the President of the U. States, without our interference, will remove the embargo, as soon as it can be done with safety. In this view we are fully supported by the opinions of many of the most respectable and wealthy merchants in Salem.
We are also apprehensive that the measure recommended, would be at

tended with no salutary effects, but rather tend to embarrass the government, excite irritation, and promote division, already too apparent. We do not therefore deem it our duty to call the inhabitants of Salem together to deliberate on the subject, unless urged to the measure by our own townsmen, according to the provisions of the law.
We are respectfully your friends and humble servants.
Selectmen of Salem.
John Hathorne, Moses Townsend, George S. Johnson, Joseph Ropes.
Salem, Aug. 12, 1808.
Boston, August 13.
The following DISSENT to the proceedings of the town of Boston, is in circulation, and has been signed by a number of respectable citizens. It is published to show there is no secrecy in the business.
TO THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES.
We the subscribers, citizens of the town of Boston, impressed with a sense of the danger to which our country is exposed, in consequence of the decrees and orders of the British and French nations, cannot but view with deep concern the adoption of measures which may embarrass the constituted authorities in executing those laws which are calculated to counteract their operation.
Impressed with these sentiments, we cannot but dissent from this hasty procedure of the town of Boston, on the 9th inst. in their address to the President of the United States, apprehending it will have a serious tendency to frustrate those measures which the government have thought fit to adopt as the most mild and efficacious to obtain a redress from the injuries we suffer from the belligerent powers.
Desirous of maintaining the PEACE and COMMERCE of our country upon the fair principles of neutrality, we conceive it most advisable to submit those important objects to the legitimate authority, rather than by an improper interference to weaken those energies which are contemplated to restore our commerce and protect our injured seamen.
War we deprecate as an evil of the most distressing nature—every principle of sacred policy urges us to avoid, if possible, this calamity. We flatter ourselves that a strict adherence to the laws of government will have the most salutary effect to prolong the tranquility of the United States, and defend our national honor from outrage and violence.
We cannot, however, but regret, that a systematic plan appears to be adopted to excite a distrust, and resentment against individuals composing the present administration, and under the fallacious plea of removing the EMBARGO, attempts are making to effect a radical change of political principles within the EXECUTIVE branch of the government at the ensuing election.
We therefore with the most cordial wishes for the happiness and prosperity of the U. States, offer the foregoing dissent to the address adopted by the town of Boston on the 9th inst.
We do not charge the majority with improper motives in voting for the address, but we fear some individuals not friendly to the general interest have surprised many into the measure.
Boston, Aug. 11th, 1808.
A paper for signature is left at the Chronicle office, and at Doctor Noyes' which probably will be closed to-morrow evening at 6 o'clock; and, as the subject tends to give support to government, (in opposition to a party who are deceiving the citizens in order to bring them into difficulty) we expect a large number of names will be added. The question is, whether we prefer WAR to the EMBARGO. The country towns which act on the question of the Embargo, we hope will procure the dissent of the BOSTON REPUBLICANS, and adopt a similar measure. Depend on it, the YEOMANRY had better confide in Congress, than in the ESSEX JUNTO.
APPOINTMENT.
By the President of the U. States.
Gen. JOHN STEEL, of Lancaster, collector of the customs, for the port of Philadelphia, vice Gen. Shee, deceased. Phil. paper.
FROM THE LOUISIANA COURIER.
Appointments. —Philip Grymes of Virginia, attorney for the U. States in the territory of Orleans.
Samuel Croudson of Orleans, naval officer for the port of New-Orleans.
John Coburn of Kentucky, one of the judges of the territory of Louisiana.
The Statesman, a new Republican paper, just commenced in Newburyport, Mass. says—
"For the information of our Republican friends we state, that the good old cause of '76 is increasing in Newburyport notwithstanding the arts of Lord Lexington and company to quench it; and the day, we believe, is not far distant, when we shall be able to convince the world that Newburyport is "absolved from her allegiance" to a detested Junta."
New-York.
Federal delegates from the eastern and southern states have arrived in this city. It is said that the long protracted compromise is about to take place, in order to give a "successor" to Mr. Jefferson!
There is strong reason to believe that "the great men behind the curtain," have lately been closeted together for the purpose of organizing a system of Espionage. Citizens, beware of spies and informers.—Mark them!—Pub. Advertiser.
It having been stated in the Atlantic papers, that the seat of government of this territory was removed from this city, we correct the error. The legislature passed a resolution to remove the seat of government hence, but on putting it to vote where it should be removed to, there appeared a majority in favor of its remaining in N. Orleans.—N. O. Gazette.
Extract of a letter from Bordeaux, dated 6th of May, per brig Stephen.
"A Decree is expected to be issued to permit all American vessels that have cleared out since the embargo, to enter the ports of France."
Norfolk, Aug. 15.
FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.
We have been favored with London papers, received by the British brig Two Brothers, captain Vibert, in 49 days from Jersey. Our last advices were to the 11th June. We have received by this vessel the Country Herald, (a London weekly paper) of the eleventh and eighteenth June. It does not appear that any thing of importance has transpired between the 11th and 18th. Such articles as have been deemed worthy of notice will be found in this day's paper.
The information respecting a rupture between the Emperor of Austria, and France, is important, if true, but it is too lightly noticed, to be entitled to belief, although we should not consider such an event improbable. The few powers that retain any portion of independence must be satisfied from the example of Spain, that the only possible chance of escaping slavery, is by resistance.
IRISH CATHOLICS. Upon two recent occasions, it was discovered the temper of Parliament had undergone a considerable change respecting the Catholics of Ireland. On a division in the House of Lords upon the Catholic petition, there appeared Consents 74—Non Consents 101.
In the House of Commons on a motion of Sir John Newport, "that a person being of the Catholic religion, should be deemed eligible to become governor or deputy governor of the Bank of Ireland, if otherwise qualified, &c." the motion was lost only by a majority of three.
Sales at auction in London of American produce, the latter end of May, 204 hogsheads of Virginia tobacco from 6 1-4 to 8 1-2d sterling per lb. 71 hhds. Maryland, 6 1-2 to 5-8; 17 hhds. Stip leaf, 6 1-8 to 9 2-8; 365 casks of Carolina rice, 40s. 6d. per cwt. Hoghead staves sold from 291. 15s. to 301. 5s. per M. Barrel ditto from 221. 15s. to 231. 15s. per M. American flour is quoted on the 11th of June from 40s. to 43s. per barrel. Premiums of insurance to and from the United States, and to and from Great-Britain on American vessels 3 guineas per cent. all risks 6 to 7. American vessels are insured to ports on the continent of Europe and back to Great-Britain, warranted free of seizure in port from 25 to 35 per cent. N. Ledger.
New-York, Aug. 17.
FROM HAVANNA.
We learn by the passengers in the ship Vigilant, Clay, arrived yesterday, that the Governor of Havanna had succeeded in forming a supreme council consisting of the following classes:— Nobility, clergy, merchants, planters, and patricians, or the respectable natives of the island. The governor is President of the council. A proclamation had been issued, ordering all Frenchmen not naturalized to leave the island; and several of them came passengers in the Vigilant. They were permitted to take their property with them. The reason assigned for this measure was, to prevent disturbances with the populace, who might have sacrificed them to their fury.
Several British ships of war had put in there with dispatches.
The passengers further inform that reports, via Jamaica (by a smuggler from Cuba), say, that Bonaparte had permitted Ferdinand the 7th to return to Spain—that all the French troops in Portugal had been destroyed: also many of them in Spain. The Grand Duke of Berg requested 120,000 men should be sent to Madrid immediately. The Senatus Consultum had been ordered to call out the conscription of 1810; who refused, and demanded of the emperor the troops already in Spain, and ordered him to Paris:—where some riots had occurred, by pulling down the pictures and busts of Bonaparte, &c. &c. Another report mentioned, that an English fleet had been seen passing Lisbon, with nine sail of French ships as prizes.
Extract of a letter from our Correspondent, dated Havanna, August 1, 1808.
A Col. Williamson, formerly of our state, has arrived in the last vessel, as commissioner on the part of the British government, with dispatches from England, Cadiz, and the governor of Jamaica. He has several other officers in his suite.
San Lorenzo, a 74, is fitting out here to take a commission of three, from thence to Vera Cruz, and Mexico—in which they will probably be joined by the British now here. Accounts from that quarter lately received, state it to be favorably disposed to the new state of things.
The late news from Europe has exhilarated the spirits of the people here to a height which is shewing itself in a variety of instances. An order was issued the other day for the departure of all the French residents from the island; and the poor creatures are now flocking on board every barque in which they can obtain a passage. Hundreds of them with large families who had been established here in their trades and other useful occupations, caressed by the government whilst Bonaparte reigned, are now driven off with almost savage ferocity. This new alliance with England will not operate much in favor of the United States. They already view you as of no account. Protected by the British they can get their provisions from Mexico, and their merchandise from Spain and England. Two United States Gun-boats, Nos. 65 and 66—put in yesterday on their way to New Orleans, for refreshments. The boarding officer told them they could not come on shore, nor be boarded from the shore till permission from the governor, which was not sent till eight o'clock, and then by a common bomb boat! I have this from the officers themselves, who have in consequence declined waiting upon any of the officers of the government and after taking some water will sail again to-morrow.
What adds to the aggravation of the above neglect is that the captains and people of two New-Providence privateers, at anchor alongside the gun boats, had been immediately (the day before) permitted to come on shore, and were parading the street with every kind of indecent and noisy behavior.
MARRIED —At New Iberie, Territory of Orleans, on the 9th June, by the Right Rev. Father Isabayé, Nathan Morse, Esq. attorney at law, of New-Jersey, to Miss Martha C. Nichols, daughter of Edward Church Nichols, Esq. formerly of the state of Maryland.
BY AUTHORITY.
AN ACT
To open and improve Seventeenth street west from F street, to the wharf on the Potomac, for extending said wharf, and for opening and improving Maryland Avenue.
Sec. 1. Be it enacted by the First and Second Chambers of the City Council of Washington, That the sum of one thousand dollars be, and the same is hereby appropriated, for the purposes of extending a platform or slip of twenty-five feet wide from the south end of Seventeenth street west, as far out as said sum of money may be found sufficient to complete the same, and for opening and improving Seventeenth street west from F street to said wharf.
Sec. 2. Be it further enacted , That said sum of one thousand dollars be expended upon said object under the direction of three commissioners to be appointed by the Mayor.
Sec. 3. Be it further enacted , That said sum of one thousand dollars be paid by the treasurer to the orders of said commissioners, countersigned by the Mayor.
Sec. 4. Be it further enacted , That the commissioners shall perform the
duties herein specified without receiving any compensation therefor, and shall each give a bond in the penalty of five hundred dollars, for the faithful discharge of the duties herein required.
Sec. 5. Be it further enacted , That the sum of one thousand dollars be, and the same is hereby appropriated, for the purpose of opening and improving Maryland Avenue, from Seventh street west, to Seventh street east.
Sec. 6. Be it further enacted , That the said sum of one thousand dollars be paid out of any monies in the treasury not otherwise appropriated.
Approved, August 13th, 1808.
AN ACT
For the relief of John C. Shindel.
Be it enacted by the First and Second Chambers of the City Council of Washington, That for reimbursing John C. Shindel any expenses that may have been incurred by him on account of the corporation of the city of Washington in his capacity as sealer of weights and measures, the sum of twelve dollars and thirty-seven cents be, and the same is hereby appropriated: but he shall not be entitled to receive the same, until he shall have satisfied the Mayor of the city that he has actually incurred and paid such expenses on account of the city.
Approved, August 18th, 1807.
PROPOSALS
Will be received at this Office until the 5th day of September next, inclusive, for carrying Mails of the United States, on the following route, viz.
FROM Danville in Virginia, by Hunter's, Lexington, Salisbury, Beattie's Ford, Lincolnburg, Caruth's, Burrtown, Spartanburg, Greenville c. h. Pickensville, Pendleton c. h. Hardinville and Daniel's to Athens, once a week—estimated distance, 334 miles.
Leave Danville every Wednesday at 3 A. M. and arrive at Athens the next Saturday, by 10 A. M.
Leave Athens every Saturday at 2 P. M. and arrive at Danville the next Tuesday by 9 P. M.
If the depending mail shall not have arrived at the hours fixed for departure; the contractor shall be bound to wait for it not exceeding six hours, and in such case, shall be allowed the same number of hours to arrive at the opposite point subsequently to the times stipulated.
The contract is to commence on the 1st day of December next, and continue until the 31st day of March 1811.
The contractor will be subject to the usual penalties for delays and failures, General Post Office, } August 18, 1808—Law }
NOTICE.
ALL persons having claims against the estate of JOHN B. MEDLEY, deceased, are hereby warned to exhibit the same, with the vouchers thereof to the subscriber on or before the 19th day of March next, they may otherwise by law be excluded from all benefit of said estate.
Given under my hand the 19th day March, 1808. PETER BOUIC, Exr. August 22—3.
SALE AT AUCTION.
ON Monday the 5th September, at 11 o'clock in the forenoon, (if fair, if not the next fair day) will be sold at the house of Richard Harrison near George Town, on the Frederic road— HOUSE, OLD & KITCHEN FURNITURE.
ALSO,
A strong, well finished, Philadelphia built CARRIAGE, but little used, with plated mountings and harness.
Terms of sale—For all sums not exceeding 50 dollars cash; above 50 and not exceeding 100 dollars, ninety day; all sums exceeding 100 dollars, six months credit, the purchasers to give their notes with approved indorsers, negotiable at the Bank of Columbia, or the city of Washington.
JOHN TRAVERS, Auc. August 22—
To the Creditors of HENRY KRAMER, deceased. THIS IS TO GIVE NOTICE
THAT the subscriber of the city of Washington has obtained from the Orphans Court of Washington county district of Columbia, letters of administration on the Personal Estate of Henry Kreemer, late of said city, deceased. All persons having claims against the said deceased, are hereby warned to exhibit the same, with the vouchers thereof to the subscriber on or before the 12th day of February next; they may otherwise by law be excluded from all benefit of the said estate.
Given under my hand, at the city of Washington, this 8th day of August in the year of our Lord 1808, and of Independence the 331. WM. RHODES, Adm. August 22—w3.
PUBLIC SCHOOLS.
The Parents, Friends and Guardians of children in these schools are respectfully informed that Vacation commences this day and will end the first Monday in September. Washington, Aug. 8—3t.
POSTSCRIPT.
The ship Ois arrived at the Lazzaretto near Philadelphia, on the 20th instant; left Liverpool on the 10th July, & brings London dates to the 6th of the same month.
The dates from Spain are not later than those received via Norfolk some weeks ago.
Joseph Bonaparte, by the grace of God King of Spain, &c. has issued his proclamation from Bayonne, under date of June 11, enjoining an observance of good order, &c.
The junta convened at Bayonne by Bonaparte, have proceeded to consider the new constitution, &c.
A proclamation was issued by the King of Great-Britain on the 4th of July, declaring peace with Spain, excepting such parts as shall have acknowledged the new sovereign.
Many speculations are indulged by the London editors on the subject of a negotiation said to be pending with Russia; and on the fancied success of their arms in Spain.
[Details in our next.]
DANIEL RAPINE,
On Gage of Hill, has just received the following New Books, which he offers for sale at the lowest possible prices for which they can be purchased at any place in the United States.
Cruise's digest of the Laws of England respecting real property, 5 vols. Bowd on real actions, with references to the English and American authorities.
The Register of arts, or a compendious view of some of the most useful modern discoveries and inventions, by Thomas G. Pessenden.
The American Register; or a general repository of history, politics, and sciences, vol. 2nd for 1807.
Letters from England, by Don M. A. Espriella 2 vols. There is good authority for saying, that this valuable little work is written by Robert Southey.
The Fatal Revenge, 2 vols. by D. J. Murphy.
** D. R. has also just received Rees' Cyclopaedia, vol. 8, part 2nd—Subscribers at a distance are solicited to send for their copies, and those who have not been regular in taking up the work are particularly requested to call, as the work is expensive and requires punctuality.
A handsome collection of Paper Hangings and Bordering, of select patterns, for sale as above. Also a quantity of choice Chewing Tobacco, of superior quality. August 22—
MARSHAL'S SALE.
WILL be exposed to public sale on the 23d day of September next, at Rhodes's tavern in Washington city, all the right, title, and interest of BENJAMIN PERKINS to lot No. 1, in square Seventy-five in said city, together with a small frame workshop thereon; the above property is seized and sold to satisfy two writs of fieri facias issued out of the circuit court of the district of Columbia for the county of Washington, the one at the suit of Timothy Caldwell, and the other at the suit of Alexander Cochran use of Hugh Smith, against said Perkins. The sale will commence at 11 o'clock, A. M. Terms cash. WASHINGTON BOYD, Marshal D. C. August 22—2wts
SALE AT AUCTION.
ON Tuesday the 23d of August at 10 o'clock, A. M. the remainder of the household furniture of Timothy Caldwell, who is about to remove to the state of Ohio, consisting of the following articles to wit: One elegant mahogany desk, and bookcase, one sideboard and bureau, washstands, and bedsteads, tables, chairs, and a variety of kitchen furniture. S. SPEAKE, Auc.
NOTICE.
All persons having any demands against Timothy Caldwell will please to call with their accounts or demands duly authenticated for immediate payment; and those who are indebted to him are requested to make payment immediately or they will be dealt with as the law directs.
TIMOTHY CALDWELL.
N. B. The House lately occupied by T. Caldwell to be let. Enquire of Mr. William O'Neale. Washington City, Aug. 18, 1808.
FOR RENT.
A THREE STORY BRICK HOUSE in F S reet, near the Bank—For particulars enquire of Wm. COCKRE, the owner and occupier. Likewise, A BRICK TWO STORY HOUSE, on 19th street west, between F and G streets north—for particulars enquire as above. August 22—3t.

20 DOLLARS REWARD.
ESCAPED from the subscriber on the road leading from George Town towards Leesburg, about 15 miles from the former place, a negro man named LUKE, about 35 years of age, 6 feet high, dark skin, two of his upper fore teeth are out; he has a down cast look, and generally speaks in a low voice; his clothes and name he will probably change. I purchased him of Mr. Theophilus Hughs to take to my residence in Kentucky, he has had several masters about Bladensburg, and he will certainly be lurking about that place as he has a wife, the property of Mr. Isaac Barrett near Bladensburg. I have appointed Mr. Everard Gary of George Town my agent, and the above reward will be paid by him to any person who will deliver the said fellow to Mr. C. Tippett in the city jail.
SAML. M'LEAN.
July 25—6w
BURNS AND BELL.
WOOLLEN drapers, men's merchants, and tailors, New-Jersey Avenue, opposite the Secretary of the Navy's, respectfully inform the public that they have commenced business in the above line, where they will endeavor to give satisfaction—they have on hand a fresh supply of the most fashionable goods, suitable for the approaching season, all fresh and of the very best quality.
N. B. Regimentals and naval uniforms made in the most elegant and fashionable stile with neatness and dispatch.
October 23—tf.
WASHINGTON & ALEXANDRIA TURNPIKE COMPANY.
THE Stockholders of the "Washington and Alexandria Turnpike Company" are hereby notified that the second installment of TEN dollars on such share is called for by the President and Directors of the said company, and is required to be paid to Charles Page, treasurer in Alexandria, on or before the 26th day of August next, agreeable to the act of Congress, entitled "An act for the establishment of a Turnpike Company in the county of Alexandria in the district of Columbia."
By order of the Directors, G. D'NEALE, President.
July 25—tA26
FOR SALE.
By virtue of a decree of the high court of Chancery of the state of Maryland, will be exposed to public sale, in the town of Port Tobacco, Charles county, at the court house at 3 o'clock in the afternoon of the second day of the next August term of Charles county court (which commences on the fourth Monday of August next) a parcel of land late the property of John D. Scott deceased, being part of a tract of land called Port Tobacco Manor, lying upon a branch of Nanjemoy creek on the post road leading to Nanjemoy from Port Tobacco near the "Hill Top" & about seven miles from Port Tobacco. This land consists of about 300 acres, of which between 50 and 100 acres are well timbered, about twenty acres are in marsh, and the remainder arable and very productive.
The terms of sale are that the purchaser shall give bond with sufficient security to pay the purchase money in twelve months from the sale. It will be sold entire or in parcels as may best suit the persons inclined to purchase.
F. S. KEY, Trustee.
July 4—tdos
CHARLES H. VARDEN
MERCHANT TAILOR,
RESPECTFULLY informs the gentlemen of the district of Columbia and public in general, that he has just received by a late arrival from Philadelphia, a CHOICE ASSORTMENT
Of superfine Cloths, Cassimeres, single and double mill'd, superfine Coatings, black silk Florentines. Likewise an elegant assortment of Spangles and rich silk Molekins for waistcoats with a variety of other articles suitable for the season.
Regimentals and Navy Uniforms made in the most elegant and uniform stile of fashion.
Richard Horwell's celebrated patent parallel suspenders far superior to any hitherto in use can be had on the same terms retail as at his manufactory.
November 27—tf
Annapolis Md. July 15, 1808.
CHARLES HENRY WILLIGMANN,
RESPECTFULLY informs his friends and the public in general, that he has taken that justly celebrated INN, in this city, called the UNION TAVERN, which was formerly in the possession of Mr. George Mann. He hopes by his assiduity and attention to give general satisfaction, and that the high character which this Inn acquired in Mr. Mann's time, and which it still has, as being one of the first taverns in the Union, will not be lessened while it remains in his possession.
August 12—9t
THE President and Professors of George Town College, return their warmest thanks to the gentlemen of the "UNION LIGHT INFANTRY BAND," who politely volunteered their services on the night of their Exhibition, and will ever esteem the favor conferred on that occasion amongst the first entitled to their grateful remembrance. They take the liberty to remark that the able manner in which they performed, contributed not a little to the general satisfaction experienced by the polite and numerous company assembled on that occasion.
August 17—3t
THE COMMERCIAL COMPANY
OF WASHINGTON, Have just received by the sloop CHANCELLOR, from New York, now discharging at Barry's Wharf—
London Port, Madeira, } WINE, in } Marsalla, and } pipes & quarter } Catalonia, } casks. } Ht. Brion, and } Bordeaux, } Cognac, and } Brandy in pipes. Muscatado Sugar, in hds. and bbls. Molasses, Coffee; the best green in bags, Limes, Imperial } Hyson, and } Young Hyson } Loaf Sugar, Corks, in bags, Candles, and A few crates of STONE JUGS, PITCHERS, &c. &c.
These goods were bought with Cash, & will be sold for a small profit, for approved notes at 60 and 90 days. Particular dealers may expect from the Company a constant supply. The highest price will be given in cash for Country Produce of every kind, delivered at their Warehouse.
JOSEPH FORREST, Pr.
August 5—tf
FOR SALE or RENT,
THE Hotel at present occupied by P. D. STELLE. The advantages of this situation are so well known, that it is useless to say more of it—it is convenient to the Capitol, is calculated for a large establishment, with stabling for 40 or 50 horses. The Bridge, rapidly progressing over the Potomac, with the turnpike road to Alexandria, also in great forwardness, will add to the many advantages this situation possesses. To a man qualified to carry on such an establishment, no situation can insure a more certain and rapid fortune. Occupation can be had any day before the first of October next. Apply to the subscriber,
DANL. CARROLL of Dud'n Washington, August 3—eptO
NOTICE.
PURSUANT to an act of the General Assembly of Maryland, passed at November session, 1806, entitled "An act authorizing the collection of certain ground rents due on lots in the Town of Cumberland, in Allegany county," and a supplement thereto, passed at November session, 1807, Public Notice is hereby given to all persons holding unimproved lots in said town, on which ground rents are now due, that unless the said rents are paid on or before the first day of December next, the said lots will on that day be offered at public sale to the highest bidder, on a credit of 60 days. The sale to be held at Mr. J. Rine's tavern in said town, to commence at ten o'clock, A. M. and continue from day to day, until the whole are sold.
THOMAS BEALL, of Saml.
March 21—eptds
WANTED
AT the Woodyard for the ensuing year a Manager to take charge of the whole estate. He must be a sober, diligent and discreet man—well acquainted with the culture of wheat, corn and tobacco, and the management of negroes. To such a man who can produce unquestionable testimonials of his capacity, sobriety and fidelity, high wages will be given. A person not connected in the neighborhood will be preferred.
Apply to RD. W. WEST, Woodyard. N. B. Application must be made before the 1st. Sept. next. May 15—pS
By the Governor of the Commonwealth of Virginia, A PROCLAMATION.
WHEREAS it appears to the Executive by an inquisition held in the county of Northumberland, on the 21st day of September, in the year 1806, before John H. Pallen, esq. coroner for the said county, that on the 2nd day of the said month of September, in the year aforesaid, a certain GEORGE GORDON, late of the county aforesaid, stands charged with the murder of a certain negro slave, named Bartley; and it appearing that after the perpetration of the said murder, the said George Gordon did immediately, and doth still fly from justice; I have therefore thought fit, with the advice of the Council of State, to issue this proclamation, hereby offering a reward of ONE HUNDRED dollars to any person or persons who shall apprehend and convey before some justice of the peace for the said county of Northumberland, the said George Gordon, that he may be dealt with as the law directs. And I do moreover hereby enjoin all officers civil and military, and exhort the good people of the commonwealth, to use their best endeavors to apprehend and convey as aforesaid, the said George Gordon, that he may be dealt with in such manner as the law in such cases prescribes.
Given under my hand, with the seal of the Commonwealth, annexed, at L. s. Richmond, this 5th day of August, 1808.
Wm. H. CABELL.
GEORGE GORDON is about five feet eight or ten inches high, is stout made, has light colored hair, blue eyes and a down look when spoken to. It is believed that he is frequently lurking in the county of St. Mary's, Maryland.
August 15—2w
PROPOSALS for carrying the Mails of the United States, on the following Post Roads, will be received at the General Post Office, until the 6th day of September next.
1. From Athens in Georgia, by Apalachy, Flint River, and Coweta to Tuckabatchy on the Mississippi territory estimated at 220 miles, once a week. Leave Athens every Saturday at 1 p. m. and arrive at Tuckabatchy the next Tuesday by 8 o'clock p. m. Leave Tuckabatchy every Wednesday at 4 a. m. and arrive at Athens the next Saturday by 10 o'clock a. m.
2. From Tuckabatchy by Majors Creek on Alabama, or Tensaw to Fort Stoddert, estimated at one hundred and seventy three miles, once a week.
Leave Tuckabatchy every Wednesday at 4 o'clock A. M. and arrived at Fort Stoddert the next Saturday by 10 o'clock A. M. Leave Fort Stoddert every Saturday at 2 p. m. and arrive at Tuckabatchy the next Tuesday by 8 p. m.
3. From Fort Stoddert to Farre's on Pearl River, estimated at 160 miles, once a week. Leave Fort Stoddert every Saturday at 2 p. m. and arrive at Farre's the next Tuesday by 8 o'clock p. m. Leave Farre's at Pearl River every Wednesday at 4 o'clock A. M. & arrive at Fort Stoddert the next Saturday by 10 o'clock A. M.
4. From Farre's on Pearl River to New-Orleans, once a week. Leave New-Orleans every Monday noon, and arrive at Farre's on Tuesday by 8 p. m. Leave Farre's every Wednesday at 4 A. M. and arrive at New Orleans on Thursday by noon.
NOTE 1. If the depending mail shall not have arrived at the time fixed for departure, the contractor shall be bound to wait for it, provided it arrives within six hours after such fixed time.
NOTE 2. For every failure, and for every delay which shall continue so that the depending mail loses a trip, the contractor shall forfeit double the pay he would have received for such a trip, unless the failure shall have been occasioned by unavoidable accident; and in that case, the amount of the pay for such trip shall be forfeited, so that no pay shall be made unless the service is performed.
NOTE 3.
For every hours delay, the Contractor shall forfeit one dollar; but no forfeiture for the delay of any one trip can exceed double the value of such trip. The contracts are to commence on the 1st day of October next, and continue in force until the 31st March 1808.
General Post Office, July 20th, 1808.
PROPOSAL,
By JOSEPH MILLIGAN,
George Town,
For publishing by Subscription,
ADELINE MOWBRAY;
OR
THE MOTHER & DAUGHTER.
IN TWO VOLUMES.
By Mrs. OPIE.
CUSTOM, and perhaps propriety, have rendered it necessary to bespeak the favorable opinion of the public to a new book: but the writings of Mrs. Opie have long held such an undisputed claim to excellence, that nothing more seems necessary than to point out the leading object of the present very interesting tale, to recommend it to general patronage.
Those who have attentively read the writings of Mr. Godwin, well know, that however correct his abstract positions, and however logical his deductions may be—till they are, in many instances, by no means suited to the actual state of society. His opinions on the matrimonial engagement would, it generally admitted, infallibly destroy those bonds which are at once the most efficacious restraint upon licentious passion, and the best, nay the only security for domestic happiness. To counteract his fatal theory appears to be the principal design of the work now offered—in which the characters are so well supported, the incidents arise so naturally from the situations in which they are placed, the reasoning is so perfectly just, the whole narrative so beautifully pathetic, and the impression which it is calculated to produce on every ingenuous mind, so favorable to the cause of morality, that the publisher confidently anticipates its meeting the same universal applause in this country which it obtained in England.
CONDITIONS.
To those who may subscribe before the first of October next, the price will be seventy-cents per volume, in boards, after which it will be advanced to eighty-seven and a half cents per volume.
August 12—eop1m
LANDING THIS DAY,
From on board the schooner MARIA, capt. Fitzhugh, from New York—A quantity of prime St. Croix sugar, Coffee, Molasses, Port Wine, Nutmegs, and Chocolate. Also, Gun-Powder, Imperial, and Hyson Teas, in chests, half and quarter chests and canisters of this spring's importation,
For sale by
ROSS & GETTY.
George Town, June 20—tf
LOTTERY TICKETS
Just received and for sale, by Joseph Milligan, at J. March's book store
George Town.
** A few Tickets in the Charitable Marine Society, which commences drawing in Baltimore on Wednesday the 24th inst.—present price of Tickets Five dollars, but will advance to 5 1/2 dollars before the drawing begins.
August 15—
NOTICE.
ALL Persons having claims against the estate of Elizabeth Philpot, late of Charles county deceased, are hereby warned to exhibit them legally authenticated on or before the 8th day of December, otherwise they may by law be excluded from all benefit of said estate, and all those indebted to said estate are requested to make immediate payment to Mr. Laurence Posey, who is fully authorised to conduct the said administration.
P. B. SMOOT, Exr.
Millersburg, Bourbon County
Kentucky, August 17—3t
A SEAL LOST.
LOST about a week ago on the road leading from Rock Creek to Rock Creek Church, a large Seal of American crystal stone, containing the arms of the owner, with the motto "Un Dieu, un Roi, un foi." An handsome reward will be given to any person who will give notice of or deliver this seal to the Printer, so that the owner may get it again.
Washington, August 17—3t
A RUNAWAY FOR SALE
WILL be sold on the 27th day of August next, for his jail fees, at the jail in Washington County, District of Columbia, a black man who calls himself JOHN, said he belonged to John Clarekis of Alexandria. But has since confessed that he belongs to John P. Woodbeck of Neshiwa near Albany, state of New York, he is about forty years of age, 5 feet 5 1/2 inches high, pitted with the small pox & has lost his left eye.
The sale to commence at 11 o'clock. CARTWRIGHT TIPPETT, Keeper of the Jail for Washington Boyd, Marshall.
July 25—w3t
Prince George's county court,
April term, 1808.
HENRY T. COMPTON of Prince George's county having applied to this court, by petition in writing, praying the benefit of the act, entitled "An act for the relief of sundry insolvent debtors," passed at the session of 1805, and the supplement thereto in 1806; and a schedule of his property and list of his creditors as far as he can ascertain them being annexed to his petition; and the court being satisfied by competent testimony that the said Henry T. Compton resided the two last years preceding this application within the state of Maryland. And the said Henry T. Compton being in the custody of the sheriff of Prince George's county; and having entered into bond in such penalty as directed by this court, and with approved security, conditioned for his personal appearance before this court, on the second day of the next term, to answer the allegations of his creditor or creditors. It is by this court directed that the said Henry T. Compton be discharged from imprisonment, and the said second day of the next term, which will be the sixth day of September next, is by the court appointed for the said Henry T. Compton to appear before this court, to answer interrogatories, which his creditors may propose to him. And it is ordered, that the said Henry T. Compton, give notice to his creditors, of his application, by causing a copy of the foregoing, to be published three months in the National Intelligencer, previous to the next term.
True copy from the proceedings, Test JOHN READ MAGRUDER, Jr. Ck. June 1—w3m
FOR SALE.
THE Two story Brick HOUSE, situate on square number 930 in the city of Washington now occupied by Mr. Tunis Craven, as a retail store. The eligibility of this stand for the retail business is excelled by none in this city; being situate on the principal street to the Navy Yard, and very near the Navy Yard Gate. Any person desirous of purchasing the above property may be shewn it by applying to the subscriber, who will also make known the terms of sale.
WM. BRENT.
Washington city, Dec. 18—wif
AMERICAN HEMP.
THE Secretary of the Navy will receive until the 1st. November next, proposals for furnishing water rotted Hemp of the growth of the United States, to be delivered either at Portsmouth, N. H.; Boston; New London; New York; Philadelphia, Newcastle; Baltimore; Norfolk; Wilmington, N. C.; Charleston, S. C.; Savannah, Geo. or New Orleans.
For well water rotted and well cleaned American Hemp, the Secretary of the Navy is disposed to allow a liberal price beyond the usual price of such Hemp when dew rotted.
Navy Department, May 3—w1N
MARSHAL'S SALE.
WILL be exposed to public sale on Saturday the 17th day of September next at Rhodes's Tavern in Washington city, all the right, title, and interest of Thomas T. Gantt to Lot No. 15 in square 293, Lots Nos. 12 and 13 in square 430, Lot No. 2 in square 12, Lots 21, 22 and 23 in square 569, and Lots 13 and 14 in square 1023, taken by virtue of a writ of fieri facias, issued out of the circuit court of the district of Columbia for the county of Washington, at the suit of Samuel Crowdsen and others (for the use of William Brent) against Thomas T. Gantt: the sale will commence precisely at 12 o'clock. Terms, a credit of 60 days and 90 days, the purchaser giving notes with approved endorsers.
WASHINGTON BOYD,
Marshal District Columbia.
August 11—2awts
BALTIMORE TRINITY CHURCH LOTTERY,
Positively commences drawing on the first day of November next.
The Managers give notice that they have contracted with a Company of Gentlemen for nearly all the unsold TICKETS and have given them bonds that the drawing shall positively take place as above stated, and to draw 2000 tickets per week till the whole is completed.
SCHEME.
Subject to no Deduction.
   Dollars. Dollars.     1 prize of 5000 is 5000   1 3000 3000   2 2000 4000   2 1500 3000   3 1000 3000   6 500 3000   20 200 4000   35 100 3500   70 50 3500   175 20 3500   500 10 5000   5250 6 31,500  
6065 Prizes, 11935 Blanks. 18000 tickets less than two blanks to a prize: sum raised 15000
Expenses including commission to the corporation, 90,000
Part of the Capitals will be determined as follows:
   1 prize of 200 dollars to the first drawn blank.   1 do. 200 do. after 2000 tickets. 4000   1 do. 200 6000   1 do. 200 8000   1 do. 1000 10000   1 do. 500 12000   1 do. 500 14000   1 do. 500 16000   1 do. 1500 17000   1 do. 2000 last drawn blank.  
July 20—cp1m.
WASHINGTON BRIDGE COMPANY.
THIRTY or FORTY CARPENTERS are wanted, to whom good wages will be given.—Apply to Mr. MILLIS, at the Bridge.
By order of the President & Directors, SAML. ELLIOTT, Jr. Ck. August 10—3t
Fresh Teas, Nutmegs, sugars, Coffee, &c.
W. & C. SMITH have just received by the Maria from New York, 6 Chests } 20 Boxes } 100 Canisters } 25 Chests } 15 Boxes } 100 Canisters } 20 Chests } 18 Half do. } 30 Boxes } 10 Chests hyson skin do. 1 Case nutmegs and cloves. 52 Hds. St. Croix sugars—part of them very first quality. 40 Bags best Martinique green coffee. 12 Bags Corks. 20 Small baskets best Marseilles refined olive oil. 10 Quarter casks London particular Tenerife wine. Georgetown, June 20—2wtf.
NOTICE.
THE Proprietors or Tenants of houses throughout the city of Washington, are earnestly requested to have their FIRE BUCKETS complete on or before the first Monday of September next, viz. one for each story, agreeably to an act of the City Council, passed January 10, 1803.
By order of the Mayor, J. C. SHINDLE, Inspector. August 19—3t
FIVE DOLLARS REWARD.
STRAYED or was stolen on the night of the 4th of August—a dark Chestnut Sorrel HORSE, nine years old, about 15 1/2 hands high, natural trotter, shot all round. Whoever delivers him at Mr. Rood's tavern, will be entitled to the above reward.
P. PURCELL.
City of Washington, August 19—3t
FOR SALE,
On reasonable terms
THREE BRICK HOUSES