The national intelligencer and Washington advertiser. (Washington City [D.C.]), 1806-02-21 00:00:00

NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER, AND WASHINGTON ADVERTISER.
VOL. VI.
WASHINGTON CITY, PRINTED BY SAMUEL HARRISON SMITH, PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE.
No. DCCCXXXVIII.
FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM.
FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 21, 1806.
PAID IN ADVANCE.
SENATE UNITED STATES.
THURSDAY FEB. 13.
Debate on the following resolution.
2. Resolved, That the President of the U.S. be requested to demand and insist upon the restoration of the property of their citizens, captured & condemned on the pretext of its being employed in a trade with the enemies of Great Britain, prohibited in time of peace; and upon the indemnification of such American citizens, for their losses and damages sustained by these captures and condemnations; and to enter into such arrangements with the British government, on this and all other differences subsisting between the two nations, (and particularly respecting the impressment of American seamen,) as may be consistent with the honor and interests of the United States, and manifest their earnest desire to obtain for themselves and their citizens by amicable negotiation, that justice to which they are entitled.
Mr. ISRAEL SMITH said that he was extremely sorry that he could not bring his mind to assent to the second resolution; because he viewed it of great importance that there should be unanimity upon a subject of this nature. He was not opposed to it from any constitutional objection, arising from a belief that the Senate had no right to give their advice and consent to the Executive, as to the course and conditions upon which they desired that an accommodation might be brought about; but he was opposed to it from the peculiar impropriety of so doing, deduced from the whole circumstances of the case, as it now presented itself for consideration. It would be recollected by the Senate, that many of our complaints against the British government were of long continuance; that they had been the subject of pointed and repeated remonstrances, and in a particular manner the impressment of our seamen: that on a former occasion they had committed vast spoliations on our commerce, not under the sanction of the laws of nations, as their subsequent transactions with our government have acknowledged; but under the authority of the particular orders of their government, thereby subjecting the property of our merchants upon the high seas, not only to the restrictions and forfeitures incurred by the law of nations, but also exposing it to all the vexations and forfeitures growing out of the caprice of British orders of capture. The late encroachments on our rights as a neutral nation, and which are now the subject of consideration, are of a nature similar to those we have before experienced, and proceed from the same unwarrantable cause; and further, are continued in full force and operation at the very moment our government is pressing upon their consideration, the injustice of their proceedings, by argument, too strong and convincing to admit of doubt. And how are they answered? By procrastination, and hints, that the necessity of the case is a sufficient justification. The Executive, indignant at this evasion, and despairing of redress by any farther appeal to their justice and magnanimity, has turned to the national legislature, and informed them that what remained to be done on this interesting subject must rest on the wisdom and firmness of Congress. We have already unanimously resolved, that the conduct of the British government is an "unprovoked aggression on our neutral rights." What, then, he asked, would be the measures looked for from this body, as proper to repel this outrage? Could any one expect that the first thing suggested to their mind would be, that the Executive should again immediately renew the negotiation? Has he not already told us, that he despairs of obtaining redress by a simple appeal to their justice and magnanimity? Or is this resolution to be understood as speaking to the Executive a language like this?—You have notably, zealously and perseveringly exercised the powers vested in you by the constitution, to bring about an adjustment of the difficulties and misunderstandings subsisting between the two governments; or you are not sufficiently impressed with the importance of stipulating an indemnification for the losses our merchants have already sustained. Or, that there is some avenue to a sense of justice in this nation, which you have not sufficiently attempted. Surely language like this is disrespectful. We ought not to adopt a resolution on a subject, as important as the present, without being able to assign a substantial reason. Are we fearful that the Executive, after we have afforded the necessary legislative impulse to this negotiation, will be slack or unskilful in the application of it? Or do we, by the obnoxious instructions, wish to derogate from his merit, by arrogating to ourselves that applause to which, upon a successful and satisfactory negotiation, he will be justly entitled? Mr. Smith hoped that no consideration of this sort would influence the Senate. He believed there was a disposition in the Executive, when furnished with the necessary aid, to pursue negotiation so long as the least gleam of hope of success remain-
ed. Beyond that, no one could ask him to persevere. He believed that each member of the Senate entertained the same opinion. Where then, he asked, is the use of this requisition to the Executive? Is it to be understood, as has been partially hinted by one honorable member, that there is no legislative aid which the Executive or this nation can wisely resort to on this occasion? Are we to be told that Congress have no power to lay duties on exports, or in short, that our powers are insufficient; or that we are too weak, or too dependent as a nation, to contend for our rights? We therefore recommend it to the Executive, (after having secured our merchants for past depredations) to enter into such arrangements and stipulations upon points in controversy, by mutual sacrifices; such as shall be likely to meet and promote the views of both parties, and thus recommend justice to be sacrificed to peace. For, he asked, what encroachment upon the rights of that nation, or depredations upon the property of its subjects have we to give up, for the purchase of this our inalienable right as a neutral nation, which they have so flagrantly and frequently violated. He hoped there was no disposition in the Senate to commute any of our rights as a nation, by sacrifices to any of the considerations before mentioned, and in a particular manner, by any abandonment of principles. And yet it appeared to him, if there is any pertinency in the resolution, this must be the interpretation. He observed it was extremely unwise to speak this language, both as it related to our own government, and that with which we have to contend. The latter will easily read in this resolution, the course which the Senate wish to pursue; and efforts will be made accordingly. Should it not be in unison with the views of the Executive of our own government, it will weaken instead of strengthening his exertions for the public good. We have already experienced the evils resulting from too great an anxiety to enter into commercial regulations with that nation. A former treaty stipulated an indemnity to our merchants for similar depredations: that indemnity has ultimately devolved on our own government. We purchased the miserable commercial privileges of that treaty, (if it contained any) at the expence of our neutrality; and by doing violence to the obligations imposed upon us, by that neutrality, drew down upon ourselves the resentment of a powerful nation, which involved an expence of more than 10 million of dollars. He observed it would be better for the government, in his opinion, to insure our merchants against any depredations, which the utmost rapacity of the British would be likely to invite; than again to enter into the unequal, the shameful, and wicked stipulation of the former treaty. He said gentlemen were not to understand that he was for actual hostilities against Great Britain. He deprecated war as much as any man.—If mild measures are adopted, the more certain will be the calculation of a perseverance in them; and without a spirit of perseverance little can be hoped from any measure. He hoped that Congress would be disposed on this occasion, to wield the only weapon which could promise success; that they may take such measures as will prove to Great Britain, that the U.S. will ultimately have no commerce with them, but upon terms of the most perfect reciprocity. This ground, if once taken, will be easily maintained; it is recommended by being both peaceable and effectual, while all others are doubtful and unequal. He concluded by hoping, that the resolution would be rejected, as it appeared to him disrespectful to the Executive; unnecessary, and inconsistent with the public good.
Mr. ANDERSON. Mr. President—The hon. member from Vermont (Mr. Smith) seems to entertain an opinion, that it will be indelicate toward the President of the U.S. to adopt the resolution now under consideration. Having been a member of the committee, who reported it, I feel somewhat bound, to endeavor to obviate this objection, having done which I shall then proceed to answer some other objections, and offer some reasons in favor of adopting the resolution. I expect it will be conceded, that if it be constitutional to pass this resolution, it cannot be indelicate toward the President. Let us examine the language of the constitution upon this point. The constitution says, that the President shall have power, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate; to make treaties. Now I contend that the true meaning of this clause is, that the advice should precede the making of the treaty, and that it was couched in the language in which we find it, for the purpose of obtaining the opinion of the Senate, as to the principles upon which the treaty should be made. And upon examining your executive journal, you will find that this construction was given to the constitution by General Washington; who, having been the President of the convention, must reasonably be supposed to have understood the true intent and meaning of the constitution in all its parts. And so far did he
extend the construction for which I contend, that in order to ask the advice of the Senate, relative to a treaty he contemplated making, that in the year 1790, he actually took his seat, in the President's chair of this body, and asked the advice of the Senate, upon sundry articles, which he proposed making the basis of the treaty. Thus, it would seem, that the first President of the U.S. in discharge of his duty, had given the foregoing construction to the constitution. Some inconveniences having however been found to arise from this mode of asking the advice of the Senate, it has since fallen into disuse. But the latter practice cannot, nor ought not to be considered, as condemning the construction of which I conceive the constitution is fairly susceptible. Because the construction given by the first President, so immediately after the adoption of the federal constitution, must be considered as proceeding from the true sense and correct opinion, which he then entertained of the respective rights of the treaty making power.
In support of this construction, Mr. President, I can also shew, from your executive journals, so late as last session, that the Senate passed a resolution, requesting the President to make a treaty with the Creek nation of Indians. And although it may be said, that the Creeks not being a foreign nation, it is not an apposite case, I however conceive the principle to be precisely the same. For we have always treated the Indians as independent nations, and the same proceedings and formalities, have uniformly been had in making the treaties, and ratifying them, as have been had, with other nations. So much, Mr. President, I have thought proper to say, in order to shew, that if we pass this resolution, we do not offer any indicacy to the President. But, on the contrary, will only exercise our constitutional power, which the peculiar and perilous situation of our country, seems imperiously to demand. I should not have taken up so much time; upon this point, had not the constitutionality of passing the resolution been also objected to by the other hon. member from Vermont, (Mr. Bradley.)
In discussing the merits of the resolution now under consideration, it will be necessary that we keep constantly in view the great principle of the one, which has already passed this House, by a unanimous vote, because this second resolution is predicated upon the principle of the first. In the first we declare, that the capture and condemnation, under the orders of the British government, and adjudication of their courts of admiralty, of American vessels and their cargoes on the pretext of their being employed in a trade with the enemies of Great Britain, prohibited in time of peace, is an unprovoked aggression upon the property of the citizens of the U.S. a violation of their neutral rights, and an encroachment upon their national independence.
In order to shew that the ground we have taken is correct, I will take leave to refer to a book (entitled an examination of the British Doctrine, which subjects to capture a neutral trade, not open in time of peace) ascribed to a gentleman high in office, who has deservedly acquired great celebrity in the political world. It will be found that the principle contended for in the resolution, I have cited, obtained, as early as the first rise of regular commerce, and was even reduced to system, as early as 1333. To this doctrine Great Britain acceded by treaty with Sweden, in 1655, and afterwards, in 1674, she actually claimed and enjoyed the benefit of a free trade, she being at that time in peace, and the Dutch in war with France. With what kind of pretext can Great Britain pretend to deprive us of the exercise of the very rights which she herself had claimed and exercised upon precisely the same principles? Besides those neutral rights have, by constant and very long usage, become the established law of nations, and have from time to time been ingrafted into many treaties; even where Great Britain was herself a party. Upon this doctrine thus sustained, we request the President to demand and insist upon the restoration of the property of our citizens, captured and condemned on the pretext of its being employed in a trade with the enemies of Great Britain, prohibited in time of peace, and upon the indemnification of such American citizens for their losses and damages sustained by these captures and condemnations. It has been objected that the language of this resolution is too strong, that the words demand and insist go too far; and that the absolute restoration of our vessels, &c. will by these words being retained, be made the sine qua non of an accommodation with Great Britain. If, sir, we were to express ourselves, in less forcible language, we should, in my opinion, subvert our own principles; and recede from the high ground we have taken, which might eventually radically destroy our neutral rights, and completely paralyze our commerce.
The words demand and insist are diplomatic, and as such most proper to be used, and the more so, as they seem to be appropriate to the principle of the
first resolution. But, Mr. President, the latter part of this resolution, by which indemnification may be made, & new arrangements entered into with Great Britain, so far ameliorate those precedent words that the President will possess ample powers, according to a true exposition of the whole taken together, and he will not, in my opinion, be trammelled in the manner the gentleman from Ohio conceives. In settling national differences, it has ever been necessary, in some points to give a little, and in others to take, according as the peculiar circumstances, upon which the negotiation might happen to turn, either upon a point of national honor, or an interesting point of national commerce, or both so connected as not well to be severed. Upon the whole, Mr. President, I do believe it will be highly important that the Senate should, at this interesting moment, express their opinion upon our national concerns with Great Britain in such language, that the sense we entertain of our injuries cannot be mistaken. The principles and policy of our government require, that we should prefer negotiation in the first instance; and the adoption of the resolution, by a strong vote of this body, will doubtless add great weight to the object. If, however, we should unfortunately be driven to the latter resort, I trust we shall never recede one point from the ground we have taken, as expressed in our first resolution.
(To be continued.)
For the NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER
SO much has been said and published concerning Mr. Jefferson; his enemies have been so bitter and his friends have been so ardent, that between the extremes, 'tis difficult to ascertain the real data upon which opinions should be founded. The writer of this article is not about to take a middle course, following the maxim, " in medio tutus " but because truth and reason have given the invitation.
Some writers have endeavored to persuade their readers, that Mr. Jefferson deserves or will deserve the apotheosis, while others insist that he is a candidate for a conspicuous niche in the temple of infamy. Each of these classes of writers obtain numberless advocates, who comment upon the texts of their leaders with equal fervor and intemperance. Neither will admit, that the subject of their eulogy or invective, as the case may be, ought to be brought to the standard of human attributes. Upon this subject, not only the most angry & vindictive passions upon one side, and the most enthusiastic encomiums upon the other have been long exerted, but each has been aided by the seductive charms of eloquence, and the tremendous thunder of invective and recrimination.
It is high time to close these hyperbolical scenes—to weigh the character of Mr. Jefferson in the scales of impartiality, and to treat it with such deference and respect as is due to the chief magistrate of a great, flourishing, free and enlightened people. To this end, let us view him in the execution of that office, and remember that he was, in the first instance, called to it by a constitutional and free election. And in the second, by a voice but little short of unanimity. Is it not, then, high time to close the scenes of these degrading contests, and to reject not only the stile of those who regard him as a demigod, but also to discountenance, the impassioned maledictions of others who ascribe to him all the worst attributes of man.
With an honest intention to accomplish such purposes, the writer has taken up his pen. He entreats that all those who will either read or listen will discard the paroxisms of their own heated imaginations; and give way to the calm dictates of reason and truth. They are welcome to examine and to probe, but not to lacerate and dissect.
Mr. Jefferson, as we all know, has so conducted himself during the administration of the first term of his Presidency as to increase the popular sentiment in his favor, so far as to silence the voice of opposition. Many enemies have been neutralised, others have been converted, and his friends have received satisfactory confirmations in their first opinions. The character of Mr. Jefferson, therefore, becomes more and more dear to the people of America. He cannot now be considered as the chief of a dominant faction, but as the legitimate representative of public rights and opinions. Our own character as a people, and the individual character of every American participates in that of our chief magistrate, because he is the man of our choice and has been fairly elected. Let us then admit of reasonable excuses for juvenile aberrations, if there were such. Let us take a grand, liberal and comprehensive view. Let us sum up the items of merit as well as of demerit, and strike an impartial balance. If this shall be done, who will be hardy enough to point his finger and say to Mr. Jefferson, you have been weighed and are found wanting!
Do the enemies and defamers of Mr. Jefferson, who ascribe to him a whole life of vice and immorality believe themselves? Do they recollect, when they emblazon the name of their chief magis-
trate in the pages of criminal accusation, and endeavor to sacrifice it on the altar of infamy, that at the same time they surrender the character of their own country, and that they involve themselves and all that belongs to them in the paricidal imputation? Will the enlightened men of Europe go to your court houses, or coffee houses, or caucusses, or will they read all the extravagant paragraphs of opposing partisans, to determine upon the weight of character which belongs to an elective chief magistrate? Far from it. They will look to the general character of the people. They will enquire by whom and under what circumstances the election has been made. If they find that it has been free, and that the people are independent, patriotic and virtuous, they will conclude that the general conduct of the chief magistrate is not less so.
But if these enquiries are not made, and the opinions of distant nations shall be formed from hostile publications, it will be then natural to believe, that the Americans are a base, ignorant and degenerate race. They will believe that the Americans delight in vices and crimes, and that the more conspicuous any man is in the callender of iniquity, the more acceptable he will be as a public servant. Ye calumniators and retailers of scandal, you are exhorting to pay regard to this admonition.
These observations open to the philosopher, patriot and philanthropist, a wide and extended scope. They afford a vast and comprehensive view of the character of man. They invite us to open general and generous accounts of debt and credit with every individual; and when we find much for applause for justification, or for imitation, we ought not to disturb ourselves with musing every trifling angle, which a particular individual in the course of a long and active life may have made.
But it is time to discontinue these general remarks, and to proceed to something which is more applicable to the case before us; something which will be more apt to occupy a place in the reader's memory. For this purpose I shall particularly draw the reader's attention to that part of Mr. Jefferson's conduct when he was governor of Virginia, because upon that, an illustration of his public character will greatly depend, and concerning which his constituents are or ought to be most anxious to know the truth.
The writer of this was an eye witness to some of those things which have been brought before the public, and now proposes to give a few details as they appeared to him. These details may be considered as replies to all which others have said, or as the evidences of facts, upon which, as far as they go, opinions may be formed.
Mr. Jefferson was the governor of Virginia in the year 1780, and 1781. In the winter of these years, and about Christmas, gen. Arnold made a short, unresisted and predatory expedition to Richmond. The surprise, alarm and consternation was great beyond description. The retreat was almost as precipitate, and Mr. Jefferson no doubt with others felt the force of the unexpected movement. Yet it has been well established by the testimony of many witnesses, and is confirmed by facts of public notoriety, that he afforded great and timely aid in the most important public concerns. But be this as it may, the circumstances which attended this revolutionary event; the vindictive, sanguinary and predatory character of the leader; the havoc and desolation which his followers spread around, could not fail to excite sentiments of caution in the minds of all to whom these things were known. The retreat of Arnold restored temporary tranquility to the capital, and this depredator next took up his quarters at Portsmouth.
While Arnold was at Portsmouth, Mr. Jefferson, with Baron Steuben, organised a plan of military and naval operations, to be assisted by the commercial ships then in James River; which were well calculated to make captives of Arnold and his forces; but the arrival of a superior British force not only disappointed this well meant enterprise, but gave reason to fear, that Virginia was about to become the theatre of war. The plan was abandoned, and after some time the vessels were either captured or destroyed, and marauding parties of a powerful foe made excursions and committed depredations in different directions.
One of these parties, headed by Arnold, appeared at Manchester, opposite to Richmond. The warehouses and other buildings were burnt. During the conflagration, the writer of this saw Mr. Jefferson frequently in different conspicuous situations on the hills of Richmond. About the same time the vessels already alluded to were destroyed a few miles below Richmond, so that nothing prevented a detachment of the British from crossing, and falling upon Richmond in the rear; and as little to prevent the crossing of another party at Westham, about six miles above Richmond, from either of which Mr. Jefferson might have been exposed to capture.
Altho' these things were evident to the weakest understanding, it did not

appear that Mr. Jefferson felt any un- common solicitude for his own safety. So far from it, he engaged in minute at- tentions to many things which appeared to be necessary, and either gave orders or performed particular acts with appar- ent equanimity. He acted not like a man who feared for his personal safety, but like one whose own anxiety for the public interest induced him to employ himself in minutiae. Every eye wit- ness will admit that no man could ma- nifest a more ardent desire to serve the public interest.
Perhaps it was Mr. Jefferson's great- est fault that he did not think himself competent to discharge those military duties which his situation required, and therefore he did not call his faculties in- to action. The part which he played showed that he was not restrained by the fear of danger. His conduct in all other things shows that he did not want talents. He had a great occasion to dis- tinguish himself in the field, and aban- doned it to others, and this is all.
This rapid sketch is thought neces- sary to give to the reader a competent knowledge of those events, as well as to be before him the department of Mr. Jefferson while he seemed to direct the operations of the militia.
These events happened in April or May 1781. The legislature were con- vened to meet at Charlottesville. There they were surprised by the cavalry of Tarleton and compelled to disperse; they next met at Staunton, and some time in the month of June at Staunton, Mr. Jefferson, while engaged in treat- ing with some Indian chiefs became the subject of denunciation, and Gen. Nelson to whom Mr. Jefferson had confined the command of the militia was elected governor without opposition. Such was the popularity of the new governor, that the appointment appeared to give new life and vigor to the drooping spirits of the people.
The chief complaint alleged against Mr. Jefferson was that he did not act with sufficient energy. The truth was this, Mr. Jefferson regulated all his conduct according to the constitutional powers of his office. He did not consider himself authorized to execute any im- portant measure without the advice of council. Such he deemed his duty— Such was certainly his oath. This will be evident to any reader who will ex- amine the different articles of that instru- ment.
A governor of Virginia with a full knowledge of his duty and powers, and a friend to the chartered rights of his country, would not be willing to transcend his powers, unless upon occasions of inexplicable necessity. So far as re- spected military operations this necessity did not exist, because the militia had been ordered out, and the command had been entrusted to Gen. Nelson. Upon other occasions, it was necessary to take the advice of council. This was impos- sible, because the councillors, eight in number, with a small exception had fled hither and thither; Mr. Jefferson was therefore deprived of the constitu- tional means.
It has long been the custom of some writers to condemn Mr. Jefferson for his general conduct upon this occasion. A little reflection will teach them that it ought to endear him to his country- men. For what is he blamed?—It is because he did not usurp and exercise powers which were forbidden by the constitution and against the exercise of which he had bound himself by a solemn oath. He had assisted in forming that constitution. He had sworn to support it. He was desirous that it should pass unim- paired into the hands of his successors. He complied with the sacred trust, and because he did, he has become the ob- ject of vilification. If Mr. Jefferson had acted otherwise, if he had taken upon himself the office of a military dicta- tor; if he had forced the energies of the country into activity, as his ca- lamitators seem to have wished, then indeed he would have exposed himself to the artillery of denunciation and pub- lic vengeance. By such conduct, even admitting the expediency, Mr. Jefferson would have forever forfeited the confi- dence of his country. Would any repub- lican who knew that Mr. Jefferson had availed himself of accidental circum- stances, to assume and exercise sover- eign or dictatorial power, ever again consent to him the execution of other and similar important duties?
The arduous accusation with which Mr. Jefferson has been arraigned, ought to add lustre to his character. His gene- ral conduct, his forbearance, his having appointed a popular leader for the forces, all show that he made his individual feelings yield to public interest. They prove that he richly deserved and ho- nestly executed the public trust with which he had been invested.
If Mr. Jefferson, when in the bloom of his life, would not, though invited to it by the popular voice, and extraordi- nary circumstances, assume uncon- stitutional powers, may we not now expect that a similar deposit may be more safely confided to his age, his experience, and his judgment?
Let us return to Gen. Nelson. Im- mediately after the appointment he took the field. His head quarters were always as near to the enemy as circum- stances would admit. He did not re- gard that article of the constitution to which there has been an allusion, but proceeded according to public exigencies. All this was then deemed necessary and laudable, & ever since has been, not only justified but applauded. No man can question the motives of that revolution- ary hero, or will pretend to say that any thing was done which the exigency of the times did not require. Virginia then wanted a dictator, and Gen. Nelson without perhaps intending it assumed and exercised the functions.
In Oct. 1781 the British army capit- ulated. In Nov. following the Virginia
Assembly met at Richmond. Some per- sons who were dissatisfied with the con- duct of Gen. Nelson were not only clam- orous, but threatened an impeachment. The patriotic veteran disdained to justi- fy himself. He felt and expressed all that honest indignation which a sense of the services which he had rendered could not fail to inspire. At this time Mr. Jefferson appeared in Richmond, both to meet the accusations against himself, and to discharge the functions of a member of the legislature to which he had been elected.
It was remarkable that the same as- sembly, and at the same time, should have under its consideration, complaints against two governors for errors in their administration during the short space of five or six months. Mr. Jefferson was denounced, because he did not transcend his powers. Gen. Nelson was denounced because he had done more than the constitution authorized. Every body admitted that every thing which Gen. Nelson had done was neces- sary, and yet he was blamed. At the same time the accusers of Mr. Jefferson blamed him because he did not act as Gen. Nelson had done. It seems then that it was impossible to have given sat- isfaction. These are strange contradic- tions.
It is not now recollected whether the enquiry into the public conduct of Mr. Jefferson was demanded by himself, or moved by another; nor is it material to be known. Suffice it to say, that the subject came before the House, and that Mr. Jefferson appeared as his own vin- dicator. It will be impossible for those who were witnesses to the scene ever to erase the impressions from their mem- ories. He rose in the House, not like one who was conscious of having de- served blame or censure, but with a countenance and demeanor which seem- ed to speak the consciousness of his own rectitude. His attitude, his eye, his manner, all united to possess the au- dience. Nor were they disappointed. He opened his vindication with mingled portions of manly firmness and modest diffidence, and in a way which the writer of this can neither forget nor de- scribe. He will not therefore attempt to do justice to those impressions and sentiments which seemed alternately to awe and soothe the House, first into for- giveness, next into approbation, and fi- nally into veneration. The commence- ment of Mr. Jefferson's speech was ve- ry impressive—the scene was awful and dignified—the vindictive and tumul- tuous passions of his accusers appeared to be neutralized and paralysed. The result, as might be expected, was ho- norable to Mr. Jefferson, which was testified and recorded by an unanimous resolution.
It added not a little to the lustre of Mr. Jefferson's character, that he next appeared as the vindicator and cham- pion of Gen. Nelson. The legislature were made sensible of the services of that inestimable patriot, and did not he- sitate to render necessary satisfaction. Gen. Nelson considered the clamor which had been excited against him as an act of the highest injustice and in- gratitude, and was never reconciled to it. Those who knew Gen. Nelson, used to say that there could not exist a better patriot or a more upright man. He put every thing at hazard, and saved his country, and his country was grate- ful.
In consideration of these things the following act was passed:
Session in November, 1781. An act to indemnify Thomas Nelson, Jun. esq. late governor of this com- monwealth, and to legalize certain acts of his administration.
Sec. 1. Whereas upon an examina- tion it appears, that previous to, and during the siege of York, Thos. Nelson, Jun. esq. late governor of this common- wealth was compelled, by the peculiar circumstances of the state and army, to perform many acts of government, without the advice of the council of state, for the purpose of procuring sub- sistence and other necessaries for the allied army, under the command of his excellency General Washington.
Sec. 2. Be it enacted, That all such acts of government, evidently produc- tive of general good, and warranted by necessity, be judged and held of the same validity, and the like proce- dures be had on them, as if they had been executed by and with the advice of council, and with all the formalities prescribed by law.
Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, That the said Thomas Nelson, Jun. esq. be, and he hereby is, in the fullest manner, indemnified and exonerated from all penalties and damages which might have accrued to him for the same.
The conduct of Mr. J. upon this oc- casion was the more honorable, because it was believed by many that General Nelson had countenanced the denun- ciation at Staunton. Those however who knew the guileless heart of Gen. Nel- son never listened to the tale. But be the fact as it may, it afforded an oppor- tunity to Mr. Jefferson to show that his mind was great and beneficent.
Mr. Jefferson was soon afterwards employed by the old Congress on a mis- sion to France. He remained there until the present federal constitution was adopted. He desired to be recalled, and was soon after his return em- ployed by President Washington as se- cretary of state. All these things have been often brought before the public, they are only now mentioned to connect the historical chain, and to show that, the old Congress saw nothing in his conduct as governor which rendered him unfit for the important duties of minister plenipotentiary to France, the most important appointment which at that time the government could confer.
EUGENIUS.
FOR THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER.
An address to the practitioners of sur- gery, by Thos. Ewell, M. D. of Virg. one of the surgeons of the U. States' navy.
GENTLEMEN: IN the New York Medical Reposi- tory, I have lately published some obser- vations on the union of arteries, and have proposed a new method of treating aneurisms. Notwithstanding the value of this periodical work, which has long since given a lustre to the literary an- nals of America, yet there are many physicians by whom it is neither receiv- ed or read. This consideration has led me to call your attention to the subject of my remarks through the medium of the newspapers: in order that if any advantages can result from my sug- gestions, they may be early felt by the public.
In the communication above alluded to, I have given an epitome of the va- rious theories which have been promul- gated to account for the cure of arte- rial hæmorrhages. The theory advan- ced by John Bell, of Edinburgh, in his splendid work on the principles of surgery, which is, that the flow of blood is prevented by the u- nion of the sides of the artery, effected by a process analogous to the adhesive inflammation, I concluded was the true explanation. According to this hypo- thesis, it follows that to cure hæmor- rhages, it is only necessary to excite the adhesive action in the mouths of the bleeding vessels. I then proceeded to mention the many methods of treating aneurisms, which had been proposed by the great surgeons of Europe and this country. It appeared that near one third of the patients treated after the best manner by ligatures, terminat- ed fatally. This loudly proclaimed the demand for further innovation, indepen- dently of the great difficulty of applying the ligatures to deep seated parts, of the pain and danger attendant on a di- vision of the adjacent nerves, and of the long time necessary for a cure even un- der the most favorable circumstances. Upon the authority of the most accu- rate observers, this fatal termination proceeds from the secondary hæmor- rhages, inflammations, abscesses and sinusses which follow the use of the li- gatures. The secondary hæmorrhages come on in consequence of the too early division of the artery, when the liga- tures are tied too tight; and also in con- sequence of the unequal compression on the irregular folds of the artery, in- cluded in the ligature, which so excites the suppurative and the ulcerative ac- tions, that the adhesive inflammation, or union of the parts cannot take place. The inflammations, abscesses and sinus- ses are caused by the irritation kept up by the ligatures, when they are retain- ed too long in the wound, in consequence of not being drawn in such a particular manner as to divide the artery in a cer- tain time. All will readily agree that the object of the operator in these ca- ses, is to prevent the passage of blood through the artery, by causing the sides to adhere together, thereby obli- terating its cavity. To persons posses- sing common sense, it must in one mo- ment appear, that the union between the sides of the artery can be best ef- fected when the parts are brought pre- cisely and regularly in contact. With a view to secure this end, as well as to guard against those fatal effects follow- ing the use of ligatures, I have propos- ed applying to the artery an instrument to compress it, after it is exposed by the incisions of the surgeon. This instru- ment is a pair of forceps, delicately constructed, with the handles connect- ed together by a screw or string, by the moving of which the approximation of the blades can be regulated at pleasure. When these forceps are properly applied to the artery, so as to compress its sides equally and exactly together, they can be supported by bandage for a day or two, until the adhesive inflammation has closed its cavity. After this is effect- ed, they are to be withdrawn, and the lips of the wound brought and preserv- ed in contact, to unite by the first in- tention. By comparative experiments on the arteries of common animals, gentlemen will find how happily the for- ceps are calculated to cause an union of their sides. In parts however affect- ed by aneurysm, the diseased state is probably such as to require a longer ap- plication of the forceps.
It must then at once appear, that the superiority of the above forceps over the ligatures is considerable. The ad- vantages resulting from the use of the former in aneurisms, are— 1st. They can be applied with great facility by the operator without includ- ing the nerves. 2dly. They must cause a more effect- ual or complete union of the sides of the artery than ligatures could. 3dly. The recovery of the patient will be in about the same number of days that formerly required weeks. 4thly. The danger of a fatal termina- tion in consequence of hæmorrhages, abscesses, &c. when the ligatures are used, will be removed, as the artery will not be divided, and as the forceps will be speedily extracted. 5thly. They can be applied to arte- ries in parts where the use of the liga- ture is not practicable.
In those punctures of the brachial ar- tery, caused by awkward bleeders, it would no doubt be better to close the o- rifice of the artery by applying the for- ceps just at its edges, instead of sew- ing them up, as advised by Mr. Lam- bert. Punctures in all the large arte- ries that can be found, might be treated in a similar way, so that their cavities would be in part preserved for the pas- sage of blood. May not the forceps be applied to the varicose veins of the low- er extremities?
The use of the above forceps, as I have proposed, has been condemned without ceremony, and ridiculed by some of the puppies of the profession, who are as incapable of doing good beyond the con- fines of a contemptible spot, as they are of exonerating themselves from the shackles of prejudice. On the other hand, they have been highly approv- ed of by several gentlemen of the first standing, by old gentlemen too, who have fortunately escaped that contrac- tion in views, and that illiberality which have so frequently proved a Charybdis and a Scylla to the faculty of medicine.
THOS. EWELL. George-Town, Dist. Col. } 5th Feb. 1806. }
TO THE HONORABLE THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE UNI- TED STATES.
The post-master general, in compliance with the 30th section of the act to re- establish the post-office, respectfully
REPORTS:
That the seven following post roads, have been established more than two years, and have not, in the last year, produced one third part of the expense of carrying the mail on the same.
1. From Washington, by Bath to Woodstock, in North Carolina.
The expense of carrying the mail on this route, was two hundred dollars for the year ending September 30th, 1805, and the net proceeds of postages col- lected upon it, was seventeen dollars eighty one cents, and value to other of- fices, by estimate, fourteen dollars eigh- ty one cents, making the whole produce thirty two dollars sixty five cents, for the same period. Hence there results an annual loss to the public of nearly five hundred and thirteen per cent. on the produce.
2. From Charlotte, N. C. by Lancas- ter court-house to Camden, S. C.
The expense of carrying the mail upon this route, for the last year, was four hundred and fifty dollars, and its produce and value to other offices for the same period, was ninety four dollars ninety seven cents; being an annual loss of nearly three hundred and seven- ty per cent. on the produce.
This route facilitates the correspon- dence between Camden and Columbia, in South Carolina, and Charlotte, and sundry other post offices in North Ca- rolina, but the correspondence is not considerable, and those post offices are accommodated with other most useful routes, which make their accommo- dation, exclusive of this route, an ex- pense to the public.
3. From Morgantown, by Rutherford- ton, Gowens' store, Greenville court house and Pickensville, to Pendleton, South Carolina.
The expense of carrying the mail upon this route the last year, was six hundred dollars, its produce and value to other offices, eighty two dollars forty two cents, making a loss of nearly six hundred and twenty per cent. on the produce.
This is another route of communica- tion between the post offices in the wes- tern parts of North Carolina and South Carolina; but from the accounts of the post-masters it seems that very few let- ters are conveyed by this route.
4. From Greenbrier to Kenhawa court house in Virginia.
The expense of carrying the mail on this route for the last year was three hundred dollars, and its produce and value to other offices was thirty four dollars fifty seven cents, making a loss of nearly two hundred and ninety per cent. on the produce. This route was extended from Kenhawa court house to Chillicothe, by an act of the last Con- gress, with a view of making it a route of communication to the state of Ohio, from the southerly parts of Virginia. But the route is so mountainous and un- improved that the mail cannot yet be conveyed upon it so expeditiously as by other routes.
5. From Standford to Wayne court house in Kentucky.
The expense of carrying the mail upon this route, was one hundred and ninety five dollars the last year, and its pro- duce and value to other offices fifty dol- lars thirty one cents, making an annual loss of nearly two hundred and ninety per cent. on the produce.
6. From George town, by Bridge branch, N. W. Fork Bridge and New- market, to Cambridge.
The expense of carrying the mail on this route for the last year, was two hundred and ninety nine dollars, and its produce and value to other offices only sixteen dollars and eighty five cents, making an annual loss of nearly one thousand six hundred per cent. on the produce.
7. From Baltimore, by Reisterstown, Westminster, Union Mills, Petersburg, and Gettysburg, to Chambersburg.
The expense of carrying the mail on this route, was five hundred and fifty dollars the last year, and its produce and value to other offices fifty one dol- lars five cents, making a loss of nearly nine hundred and eighty per cent. on the produce. In making this estimate, only the produce of the post offices at West- minster and Union Mills, is taken into view. There is actually a correspon- dence carried on between all the other post offices by this route, but they are situate on routes previously established, which afforded as good accommodation to their correspondence as its value to the public would warrant. If the whole value of the correspondence actually transmitted on this route, is taken into view, it will more than defray the ex- pense of conveying the mail, although it is believed, that if this route was dis- continued, the public would save five hundred dollars a year.
IN SENATE OF THE U. STATES.
FEBRUARY 17, 1806. Mr. HILLHOUSE presented the follow- ing memorial, which was read for consideration:
To the President of the United States, and the Senate and House of Repre- sentatives of the United States in Congress assembled, the memorial of the chamber of commerce in New Haven,
RESPECTFULLY REPRESENTS:—
That your memorialists have observ- ed, with no common degree of surprise and solicitude, the numerous embar- rassments which the commerce of the United States has suffered, during the present war in Europe and the Indies; arising from the adoption of new prin- ciples, by the admiralty courts of G. Britain, as well as from the depreda- tions committed on our unprotected trade by lawless freebooters, and the unwarrantable impressment of our sea- men. Your memorialists will not at- tempt to discuss at large the principle, which they understand, has been adopt- ed by the admiralty courts of Great Britain, in recent decisions respecting the rights of neutral nations; it is suffi- cient for them to observe that, in their opinion, the principle assumed by G. Britain, of considering all the trade of a neutral nation as unlawful, which the same nation cannot carry on in time of peace, to be new and unwarrantable; a principle not authorised by the max- ims of sound justice, which have long been received and respected by nation- s as laws by which their mutual inter- course ought to be regulated.
Among independent nations, there are certain equal rights, founded on common principles of justice, from which proceed their reciprocal duties. These rights and duties have been long since ascertained by the mutual consent or express stipulations of civil- ized nations. They constitute the po- litical morality of kingdoms and states; the basis of that code of laws, which the commercial nations of Europe have long held themselves bound to respect, to which we cheerfully submit; and which we conceive, no nation can in- fringe without doing injustice to the whole family of mankind. So long as the councils of nations and their courts of justice observe these laws, mutual confidence between nations can be maintained, and the rights of individu- als preserved. But your memorialists cannot behold, without surprise and re- gret, a powerful and respectable nation, bending these principles of the com- mon law of nations, to answer political purposes, and introducing a versatile policy into the solemn adjudications of her courts. We hold it to be extreme- ly important that all nations should combine against such innovations upon their rights; and in particular, that the United States, whose geographical position gives them the best chance for maintaining neutrality during wars in Europe, should firmly resist every en- croachment upon the rights of neutral commerce.
In regard to the impressment of Ame- rican seamen, your memorialists feel, in common with their fellow citizens, a lively indignation at the abuses of power often exercised by British officers up- on American citizens. We have full confidence that the government of the U. S. will adopt and pursue such mea- sures for restraining these injurious pro- ceedings, as the honor and interest of the U. S. shall require.
The depredations upon our defence- less commerce on the high seas, and even at the very entrance of our har- bors, impress your memorialists with a lively sense of our national degradation, and of the urgent necessity for vigorous, effectual, and permanent measures for protecting the property of private citizens, and securing our country from the repetition of similar insults. Whatever system of policy a chimerical theory may suggest, we are persuaded that the question whether the U. S. shall have an active or passive commerce, is not now to be determined. Our citizens have already formed commercial habits which are too firmly established to yield to a different policy; and an active com- merce is so directly connected with the agricultural interest, which it serves to cherish and encourage, that we appre- hend the farmer, as well as the mer- chant, is deeply interested in the pro- tection of trade. Nor can we hesitate to express our decided opinion, that, as a general proposition, the commerce of our country will amply reimburse the necessary expenses of protection. The situation of our country, and its true policy forbid that a great navy should be maintained for the purposes of car- rying on maritime war, or for settling and defending distant colonies: but we conceive that a number of ships suffi- cient effectually to protect our harbors, our sea coast, and great commercial towns, and secure the honor of the Ame- rican flag on the waters adjacent to our own territories, will furnish not only the safest, but the cheapest bulwark of defence. We highly applaud the poli- cy that seeks to preserve peace; but even peace may be purchased at too high a price; and the history of all na- tions evinces that a state is never secure of peace, which has not at command the means of annoying an enemy, and repel- ling aggressions; and that an over tim- id policy, serves only to invite insults and generate a necessity for resorting to arms, which a state of preparation for war, and a bold attitude, would have preserved.
With these impressions of the neces- sity of measures for defending our com- mercial rights, which shall be firm, but temperate and bold, yet marked with a spirit of conciliation, your memorialists cordially unite with their fellow citizens of other commercial towns, in express- ing their sentiments freely to the legis- lative and executive authorities of their

country; with assurances of their dis- position to give aid and support to eve- ry measure of government, calculated to accomplish this important object. Signed, per order, HENRY DAGGETT, President. New Haven, Feb. 7th, 1806.
WASHINGTON CITY. FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 21.
THE SENATE yesterday passed the bill for prohibiting intercourse with cer- tain parts of St. Domingo—Yeas 21— Nays 8.
The reader of Mr. Wright's speech, as given in our last paper, is desired to observe that the quotation given from the President's message ought to close with the word "extinguished,"—making it read "that every spark of hope is ex- tinguished;" the sujoned words, "and the cup of humiliation drained to its dregs," being a remark made by Mr. Wright.
Baltimore, Feb. 16. DIED last evening, in the 14th year of her age, ELIZABETH LOUISA SMITH, the amiable daughter of the Secretary of the Navy.— seldom have the last days of so young a person been accom- panied with such manifestations of gene- ral solicitude. By the charms of beau- ty, by the soft endearments of a gentle disposition, and by the pleasing influ- ence of the finest female accomplish- ments, she had acquired the affection- ate regard of all who knew her. And also a correspondent sensation of deep sor- row has been excited by the mournful event of her death.
Her sorrowful parents have the addi- tional affliction of lamenting the loss of a beautiful boy of three years of age, who died a few days since, and who, the week preceding his death, had left Washington in the full bloom of health.
DIED—On the 3rd inst. Capt. JAMES FENWICK of St. Mary's County, Mary- land.
House of Representatives. WEDNESDAY, FEB. 19. The following message was received from the President of the U. S.  To the Senate and House of Represen- tatives of the U. S.  IN pursuance of a measure proposed to Congress by a message of Jan. 18, 1803, and sanctioned by their appropria- tion for carrying it into execution, Capt. Meriwether Lewis of the 1st regiment of infantry was appointed, with a party of men, to explore the river Missouri, from its mouth to its source, and, cross- ing the highlands by the shortest por- tage, to seek the best water communi- cation thence to the Pacific ocean; and Lieut. Clark was appointed second in command. They were to enter into conference with the Indian nations on their route, with a view to the establish- ment of commerce with them. They entered the Missouri May 14. 1804, and on the 1st of November, took up their winter quarters near the Mandan towns, 1600 miles above the mouth of the river, in lat. 47deg. 21m. 47sec. north, and long. 99deg. 24m. 45sec. west from Gren- wich. On the 8th of April 1805, they proceeded up the river in pursuance of the objects prescribed to them. A let- ter of the preceding day April 7, from Capt. Lewis, is herewith communicated. During his stay among the Mandans, he had been able to lay down the Mis- souri, according to courses and distan- ces taken on his passage up it, corrected by frequent observations of longitude and latitude; and to add to the actual survey of this portion of the river, a general map of the country, be- tween the Mississippi and the Pacific, from the 34th to the 54th de- grees of latitude. These additions are from information collected from In- dians with whom he had opportunities of communicating, during his journey and residence with them. Copies of this map are now presented to both houses of Congress. With these I com- municate also a statistical view, procur- ed and forwarded by him, of the Indian nations inhabiting the territory of Loui- siana, and the countries adjacent to its northern and western borders, of their commerce, and of other interesting cir- cumstances respecting them.
In order to render the statement, as complete as may be, of the Indians Inhab- iting the country west of the Mississippi, I add Dr. Sibley's account of those residing in and adjacent to the territory of Orleans.
I communicate also from the same person, an account of the Red river, ac- cording to the best information he had been able to collect.  Having been disappointed, after con- siderable preparation, in the purpose of sending an exploring party up that ri- ver in the summer of 1804, it was thought best to employ the autumn of that year in procuring a knowledge of an interesting branch of the river called the Washita. This was undertaken under the direction of Mr. Dunbar of Natchez, a citizen of distinguished sci- ence, who had aided, and continues to aid us, with his disinterested and valu- able services in the prosecution of these enterprises. He ascended the river to the remarkable Hot Springs near it, in lat. 34, 31—4.16, long. 92, 50, 45, west from Greenwich, taking its cour- ses and distances, and correcting them by frequent celestial observations. Ex- tracts from his observations, and co- pies of his map of the river, from its mouth to the Hot Springs, make part of the present communications. The examination of the Red river itself is but now commencing.  TH: JEFFERSON. Feb. 19, 1806.
Ordered, That 1,000 copies of the message, together with the accompany- ing communications, be printed for the use of the members.  Mr. J. Clay made a report on the pe- tition of Wm. Lewis and Hugh Max- well, recommending the purchasing from them a certain number of copies of the Journals of the old Congress with- in a limited price.
Referred to a committee of the whole.  The bill to incorporate the trustees of a Presbyterian church in George town was read the third time.  Mr. Elmer supported, and Messrs. Jackson, Sloan, Holland and Rhea op- posed the bill.  The question was taken by yeas and nays, and the bill passed—Yeas 72— Nays 40.
The House took into consideration the amended bill for laying a duty of 10 dollars on every slave imported into the U. S.  Various amendments were made, when the bill was ordered to a third reading on Monday.  As the bill now stands, it provides, in case of smuggling slaves into the U. S. that the vessel in which they are brought shall be forfeited. It is silent with regard to the forfeiture or libera- tion of the slaves.
THURSDAY, FEB. 20. Mr. John C. Smith from the commit- tee to whom was referred a resolution of the House directing them to enquire for what claims against the United States, barred by statutes of limitation, it is expedient to make provision, re- ported a bill making further provision for extinguishing debts due by the Uni- ted States; which was read twice and referred to a committee of the whole House on Monday next.
Mr. John C. Smith, from the com- mittee of claims to whom was referred the petition of Willis Wilson, reported a resolution, that the petitioner have leave to withdraw his petition—Re- ferred to a committee of the whole House to-morrow.  The House resolved itself into a com- mittee of the whole—Mr. VANCE in the chair—on the bill for the relief of Philip Nicklin and R. E. Griffiths.
The committee reported their agree- ment to the bill, which was ordered to a third reading to-morrow—Ayes 61.  Mr. Crowninshield, from the com- mittee of commerce and manufactures, made a report on the petition of sundry inhabitants of Charlestown, Virginia, praying that said place may be made a port of entry and delivery.  The report is detailed, and assigns a variety of reasons against the expedi- ency of granting the prayer of the pe- titioners, and concludes with a resolu- tion that they have leave to withdraw their petition.
The House, having taken the report into consideration:  Mr. Jackson observed that the facts detailed in the report were conceded. It was probable that there would never be a vessel entered at Charlestown from a foreign country. With regard to the success of the prayer of the pe- titioners, Mr. J. said he should not have been sanguine, but for a constitu- tional provision which he considered impe- rative. No port of entry existed in the western part of Virginia, in consequence of which vessels sailing from Charles- town were obliged to pay duties at New Orleans. The constitutional provision, to which he alluded, was this: "No preference shall be given by any regu- lation of commerce or revenue to the ports of one state over those of another; nor shall vessels bound to or from one state be obliged to enter, clear or pay du- ties in another." Was it not obvious that a preference was given to the ports of one state over those of another by re- quiring the vessels of the one, to enter and clear in the ports of the other; and was it not also obvious that the latter part of the provision was equally violat- ed. It would be a great convenience to the petitioners to give bonds and take out clearances in the neighborhood of the place where their vessels are built, instead of being obliged to go to a dis- tance of 2,000 miles, where they would find themselves among strangers.
Mr. Crowninshield observed that there were several ports of entry already in Virginia from which vessels might clear without paying duties at New Orleans. He further observed that New Orleans and Natchez were not within the limits of a state, and there- fore were not embraced by the constitu- tional provision referred to; and added that duties were only paid on the entry of vessels from a foreign country.  Mr. J. C. Smith thought there was sufficient plausibility in the remarks of the gentleman from Virginia, to give the subject a full discussion. He, therefore, moved a reference of the report to a committee of the whole House on Mon- day, which was agreed to—Ayes 59.  The House resolved itself into a com- mittee of the whole—Mr. GREGG in the chair—on a bill from the Senate, relative to the salaries of the Judges of the ter- ritory of Orleans.  The bill increases the salaries of the judges of the superior and district court from 2,000 to 2,500 dollars; and allows J. B. Prevost, a judge of the superior court, an additional salary of 500 dollars for services heretofore performed by him without the aid of the other judges.  Messrs. Sloan and Meriwether called for information relative to the grounds on which the proposed increase of sala- ries is made.  Mr. Early replied that since the or- ganisation of the territory of Orleans the President had not been able to ob- tain any persons properly qualified, ex- cept Mr. Prevost, who had consequent-
ly been obliged to perform all the duties of the court; that it was requisite for the judges not only to understand the laws of their own country, but likewise those of the country to whom the terri- tory belonged previous to its cession; and in addition to this, it was necessary for them to be acquainted with the French and Spanish languages. Added to this, the price of living was extreme- ly high, and the climate very unhealthy.
Mr. Findley corroborated this state- ment.  The committee rose and reported their agreement to the bill, which was ordered to a third reading this day.  The bill was accordingly read a third time.  Messrs. Meriwether and G. W. Campbell opposed, and Messrs. J. Clay, Clark and Nicholson supported the bill.  Mr. Conrad moved a postponement of the bill till to-morrow.
Mr. Jackson hoped the bill would be recommitted to a select committee em- powered to pass in review the salaries of all the judges of the U. S. He did not think the salaries in this bill too high, but he thought those allowed to the other judges too low.  Mr. Rhea spoke in favor of the bill.  Mr. Leib thought too much celerity should not be given to the passage of an appropriation bill.  Mr. Early spoke against the post- ponement.
Mr. Stanton spoke against the bill.  The question was then taken on the motion to postpone which was carried —Ayes 57.  Mr. Newton said he had been re- quested to present several resolutions, unanimously adopted by the citizens of Norfolk and Portsmouth, expressive of their indignation at the conduct of Bri- tain on the restrictions & plundering to which our commerce is exposed, and at the degrading situation to which our brave seamen are subjected by arbitrary and illegal impressments; also ex- pressive of their determination to sup- port with their lives and fortunes such measures as the councils of this nation may adopt.—Mr. Newton said he was happy on this occasion to be made the organ of this communication.—The re- solutions were characterised, Mr. N. said, by that language which had been used on the birth day of American free- dom and independence; and they breathed a spirit highly honorable to the citizens of a free and independent nation.
The resolutions were then read, and referred to a committee of the whole on the state of the union.  Mr. J. Clay reported a bill for amend- ing the Library act, which was referred to a committee of the whole to-morrow.
New-York, Feb. 17. When the Calliope sailed, there was a report at Charleston that a vessel had arrived in a short passage from Mar- tinique, the captain of which informed that previous to his sailing the French packet had come in, bringing intelli- gence of the defeat of Massena, by the archduke Charles, with the loss of 30, 000 men.
Captain Hitchcock, who arrived at this port on Saturday from Curacao, informs us that on the 25th of January, in the Mona Passage, he was boarded by three French men of war, one of them mounting 84 guns and 1006 men, one of 110 guns, and another of 80. They reported that they were waiting to be joined by a fleet of ten sail of the line from Brest, and that they were des- tined against Jamaica, respecting which island they made many enquiries as to its strength, and the force by which it was protected, &c. They had in tow the schooner James Lenox, from New- bern for Jamaica, captured seven days before.
WILL be sold on the 5th day of March 1806 at Ann Arundel county jail, One negro man named RICHARD, for his Prison fees, at 11 o'clock. JASPER EDWARD TILLY, Sheriff. February 21—3t
FOR SALE. The subscriber offers for private sale a valuable plantation adjoining the land known by the name of Non such, about one mile and a half from the Eastern Branch bridge, containing about 283 acres with a sufficiency of wood and meadow ground, about 15 acres now in grass and may be well called as pretty a piece of ground as any in the District of Columbia; the main road leading through part of this tract which will be a suitable stand for a tavern and retail store, together with plenty of wood and hay, which always command a ready cash price, will make this property a desirable object to any person wishing to become a farmer. This land is well watered by several never failing springs. Any person desirous of becoming a purchaser may see the title papers and view the premises by applying to the subscriber living on the land, if the above property is not sold at private sale by the 1st day of April next it will then be sold at public auction on the premises, and at the same time an en- valuable slaves, mostly young and healthy.
Terms of sale will be made known on the day of sale.  JOHN MASTERS. Feb. 21—wst  Estate of James Greenleaf. THE subscriber being legally & fully authorised by his signatures to adjust and settle finally, all the concerns of his former estate, surrendered under the laws of Pennsylvania, of Maryland, and of the United States, here- by calls on all persons indebted to said estate, to make payment to him, and on all who have claims, to render him their accounts duly attested, together with notice of what property is still held in pledge for securing payment.  JAMES GREENLEAF. Philadelphia, Feb. 19—wst
LETTER From the Secretary of the Navy, enclosing an estimate of the annual expense of supporting in actual service, the whole of the frigates and smaller vessels now belonging to the navy of the United States; in fur- suance of a resolution of the House of the 24th inst.  JANUARY 26th 1806.—Read, and committed to a committee of the whole House on the state of the union.  NAVY DEPARTMENT, 27th JANUARY, 1806.  SIR, IN obedience to the resolution of the House of Representatives, of the 24th inst. I have the honor to enclose, for their information, paper A. which is an estimate of the annual expense of supporting, in actual service, the whole of the frigates, and smaller vessels, now belonging to the United States.  I have the honor to be, Respectfully, sir, Your most obedient servant, R. SMITH.
N. MACON, Esq. Speaker of the House of Representatives.
   Names of vessels. For pay & sub- sistence of the officers & crew of the seamen For provi- sions. For medi- cine, hospi- tal stores, &c. Repairs and con- stancy ex- pences. Total amount.     Frigate President, $2,561 31,653 23 1,000 20,000 115,214 25   United States, 50,965 31,653 23 1,000 30,000 113,618 25   Constitution, 50,965 31,653 23 1,000 30,000 113,618 25   Chesapeake, 50,965 31,653 23 1,000 30,000 113,618 25   Constellation, 44,293 26,959 76 1,000 30,000 102,252 76   Congress, 44,293 26,959 76 1,000 30,000 102,252 76   New York, 44,293 26,959 76 1,000 30,000 102,252 76   Essex, 35,173 20,633 86 800 25,000 81,606 86   Adams, 35,173 20,633 86 800 25,000 81,606 86   John Adams, 35,173 20,633 86 800 25,000 81,606 86   Boston, 35,173 20,633 86 800 25,000 81,606 86   Brig Syren, 12,746 9,554 20 600 12,000 41,880 20   Hornet, 12,746 9,554 20 600 12,000 41,880 20   Argus, 19,746 9,554 20 600 12,000 41,880 20   Vixen, 15,939 7,171 12 500 8,000 31,610 12   Sch. Nautilus, 15,939 7,171 12 500 8,000 31,610 12   Enterprize, 15,939 7,171 12 500 8,000 31,610 12   Gun Boat No. 1, 6,441 3,648 46 200 750 11,039 46   G. B. No. 2 to 10, inc. 57,969 32,836 14 1,800 6,750 99,355 14   Two bon. is, 12,862 7,296 95 400 1,500 22,078 92   Ds. 603 374 383,925 23 15,900 379,000 1,442,199 23  
N. B. The expense of marines not included, excepting in the item of provisions.
AUDITOR'S OFFICE, Chillicothe, State of Ohio January 31st, 1806.
Extract from an act levying a state tax for the year 1806.  Section 2. Be it further enacted, That all lands shall be rated and assessed in the manner following: that is, to say, first, second, and third rates; and the rule to be observed is, that when a greater part of any tract shall be superior in quality to second rate land, it shall be denominated first rate; when a greater part of a tract shall be inferior in quality to first rate, and superior to third rate, it shall be de- nominated second rate; and when a greater part of a tract shall be inferior to second rate, it shall be denominated third rate. Land, taking into view the situation and the quality of the soil. First rate land shall be taxed at the rate of ninety cents, second rate sixty-five cents, and third rate forty cents, each per hun- dred acres.
Sec. 3. Be it further enacted, That in all cases where the owners of any lands have, by themselves or agents, entered their lands in their proper classes, with the auditor or clerks of the court of common pleas, agreeably to the laws heretofore in force, such lands shall under this act be placed in the same class for taxation, and all lands which shall not be entered by the owners, or their agents, with the auditor, be- fore he makes out his duplicate, he shall class and charge the same as second rate, and if any owner or proprietor of lands, or their agent, have heretofore, or shall hereafter enter any tract of land in an inferior class to that of its real quality, said land shall (until it is changed into its proper class) be charged, over and above the rate for which it was entered, with double the amount of tax which should have been paid had the same been entered in its proper class; which shall be paid to the col- lector of the county, township, or dis- trict, in which such lands may be charge- able, for the use of the state, on the informa- tion of any freeholder, making due proof thereof to the auditor or commissioners and be recovered at the same time and in the same way as other taxes are recoverable.
Sec. 4. Be it further enacted, That for the collection of taxes of non-residents lands the state shall be and is hereby divided into six collection districts: the first to include the lands purchased by John Cleves Symmes and his associates, and the land within the district of Cincinnati land office; the second to include lands in the Virginia military dis- trict, the land within the district of Chilli- cothe land office and the French grants, the third to include the land purchased by the Ohio Company and all grants included within the limits thereof and the land within the district of the Marietta land office; the fourth to include the lands in the United States mili- tary district and the remaining lands, and all the lands within the district of Zaneville land office; the fifth to include the lands within the district of the Steubenville land office, and all lands south of the Connecticut reserve, and not included in the other dis- tricts; and the sixth to include the lands in the Connecticut reserve.
Sec. 5. Be it further enacted, That there shall be appointed, by a joint ballot of both houses of the general assembly, and commis- sioned by the governor, a collector in each district, who shall continue in office one year and until his successor is chosen and qualified, who shall collect all taxes due and owing on non-residents' lands within their respective districts. The collector of the first district shall keep his office at Cincinnati; the collec- tor of the second district shall keep his office at Chillicothe; the collector of the third dis- trict shall keep his office at Marietta; the collector of the fourth district shall keep his office at Zaneville; the collector of the fifth district shall keep his office at Steubenville, and the collector of the sixth district shall keep his office at the town of Warren, in the county of Trumbull and shall each, at the time they receive their duplicates, take & subscribe the following oath or affirmation: viz. "I, A. B. do solemnly swear or affirm, (as the case may be) that I will, according to the best of my abilities, faithfully and impar- tially perform the duties enjoined on me by law; as collector of the district; and that I will not directly or indirectly pur-
chase any land by me sold for tax."  Notice is hereby given that all taxes with- in this state are due and payable after the 1st day of August next ensuing, and if not paid by the first Monday of December, the land will be sold, or so much thereof as will satis- fy the amount due with interest.  1st district collector, A. Goshorn, Cincinnati. 2d do Virginia array lands, Thomas Scott, Chillicothe. 3d do Wm Skinner, Marietta. 4th do James Merson, Zaneville. 5th do Charles Maxwell, Steubenville. 6th do James Hilman, Warren.  THOMAS GIBSON, Auditor of Accounts for the state of Ohio. Feb. 20—6m
THE Subscriber informs the public and his friends in general that he has commenced business near the NAVY YARD, where he has for sale an assortment of GROCERIES among which are Genuine old Madeira, } WINES. London particular, do. A few hogs of Green Coffee, Hyson, Young Hyson, &c. Imperial Teas, fresh, and of a superior quality.  JOSEPH CASSIN. Feb. 21—3t
PROPOSALS For Publishing by Subscription, THE DRAMATIC WORKS OF WILLIAM DUNLAP. IN TEN VOLUMES.  THE work shall be printed in small 8vo- decimo, on good paper, with a handsome type, and delivered to subscribers, bound in boards, at one dollar the volume. The price of one volume to be paid in advance, at the time of subscribing, and a dollar on the delivery of each volume, excepting the last. The price to non-subscribers will be one dollar and twenty cents. A portrait of an eminent performer will be given with each volume; and the first volume will be put in the press as soon as the engraver, Mr. Ed- win shall be ready, he being now engaged in engraving a likeness of Mrs. WIGNELL.
Likeness in miniature, painted for the show work, by the author, may be seen at SUMNER'S hotel, city of Washington, with other speci- mens of Miniature Painting. Feb. 21—3t
FALL & WINTER GOODS JOHN COX  HAS this day received a Large addition to his former supply of FALL and WINTER GOODS, which makes his assortment very complete.  Most of his goods were bought on such terms as to enable him to offer them by piece or retail lower than the regular importers can afford to sell at.  George town, Oct. 18—NI&UGept
ESTATE Of Morris, Nicholson and Greenleaf.  THE subscriber, being legally & fully authorised, by the Trustees of a trust created from the joint and separate estates of Robert Morris, John Nicholson, and James Greenleaf, and generally denominated the "Girard Fund," hereby calls on all persons interested to the same to make payment to him, and on all who have claims, either by mortgages or otherwise, to any of the objects of said fund, to make the same known to him, with a view to an adjustment, and all persons supposed to purchase any of the property of said fund either for cash or on credit, are desired to make application to  JAMES GREENLEAF. Philadelphia, Feb 19

NEW STEAM ENGINE.
It is not without reason that a good many people think that the English nation is indebted to the Steam Engine for her present prosperity & wealth; it is by the force of that machine that the can spin for a great portion of the earth, and that a great number of furnaces, forges, flitting and all sorts of mills have been put into motion, where it would have been otherwise impracticable, and has rendered the iron, so abundant in that kingdom, that the erection of iron bridges over navigable waters, is a work practicable by single individuals. The introduction of the Steam Engine into the United States would certainly produce the same effect; but the great quantity of iron which is required for her construction, and the complicated mechanism necessary to produce a motion of rotation from her natural motion of back and forward, will for some time prevent her adoption.
The subscriber respectfully informs the public that he has invented a new way of procuring a motion of rotation on a wheel by the steam, very simple, and with a small quantity of iron, and at a small expense compared to the old way, for which invention it is intended to make application for a patent; but being obliged to leave the country for some time, he is willing to dispose of a part of his right thereto, and will attend to any who will favor him with a call by letter or otherwise, provided the letter be free from postage. His residence in this city is at Mr. Villard's, engineer to the U. States, for about a fortnight, at Philadelphia about the same time, and at New York until the last part of next month. He will also communicate his idea on a way of procuring a blast for furnaces with two or three feet of water fall without a wheel, also a new method of kiln-drying corn or grain without danger of scorching it, and a cheap way of making felt.
He has also a good Horse to sell, with saddle and bridle. JOHN JAMES DUFOUR. Washington city, Feb. 19—3t
NOTICE.
A benevolent gentleman has left with me a sum of money, and requested that I should expend it, in the purchase of Medicines for such of the poor as are sick in and about George town. Those who cannot conveniently pay for medical assistance, will be furnished with medicines, and be regularly attended to during their illness gratuitously, by applying at my office, nearly opposite Mr. Goulding's grocery store in Bridge Street. THOMAS EWELL. Georgetown, Feb. 19—
TYBER SPRING GARDEN.
GARDEN SEEDS. Mrs. HEPBURN, INFORMS her friends and customers that she has got a small collection of Fresh Garden seeds, and also some very fine sorts of Peach trees and Lombardy Poplars, which she will dispose of on very low terms. Feb. 19—3t
A RAFFLE.
To be Ruffled for—30 Chances, at Five Dollars each chance, payable before the raffle. AN ELEGANT HISTORICAL PAINTING, 32 by 44, in a superb gilt frame, executed at Rome by one of the most eminent artists in Italy. The above painting is to be seen a J. March's Stationary store, George Town, where subscriptions are received. The subscribers will be informed of the time and place of ruffling, as soon as the chances are disposed of. February 7—7t
TO BE SOLD,
TWO TRACTS OF LAND, ONE containing 103 acres, the other 26 acres, adjoining each other, and are from 3 to 4 miles from Alexandria in the county of Fairfax and state of Virginia. The aforesaid land is bounded on the old Leesburg road, just above captain Slacombs and joins the lands of Benjamin Dulany and Carlisle Whiting, and will be sold pursuant to a deed of trust given to the subscribers from a certain John Withers to secure the payment of a debt due to Jonathan and Mahon Schoefield. The above lands will be offered at private sale until the 18th day of February, inst. and if not sold by that day they will be sold at the Coffee House in Alexandria on the 21st day of February at public auction for cash. The sale to commence at 3 o'clock, P. M. ANDREW SCHOEFIELD, } Trustees. THOMAS COOK, } February 5—3t
MINIATURE PAINTING.
J. D. MALLAT has the honor of inviting the Ladies and Gentlemen that are desirous of having their likenesses taken in miniature, in the most striking resemblance, and in the latest modern style, executed to the satisfaction of those that will favor him with their patronage, to call at Mrs. THOMPSON's, six buildings. Feb. 7. 2w2w.
DESERTED
FROM on board the U. S. frigate PRESIDENT, on the night of Friday the 14th inst. a black seaman named EDWARD THOMPSON, about 5 feet 4 inches high, light made, speaks smart and quick. Whoever secures said deserter and delivers him to me at the Navy Yard, Washington, shall receive TEN dollars. JOHN CASSIN, Superintendent. Navy Yard, Feb. 17—
FOR SALE,
A Valuable Tract of Land, In the state of Kentucky, under an indisputable title, and for which the proprietor will take, if applied for soon, half a dollar per acre, payable one half down, and the other half in 12 months on approved security—Enquire of the printer. Feb. 17—4w
20 DOLLARS Reward.
RANAWAY from the subscriber on the 22d inst. a negro man named NED about 30 years old 5 feet 8 or 9 inches high, his clothes uncertain, except a blue cloth jacket and trousers. It is believed he rode off a young Grey mare, and as he was raised in St. Mary's county, and has lived in the city of Washington he will endeavor to go to one of those places. He was purchased of Mr. Enoch Millard in George town about 9 years ago I will give the above reward to any person who will have him secured in any jail so that I get him again. One of his hands has been lately hurt and is yet perhaps a little twiddled. DAVID LYNN. Cumberland, Alleghany county, Md. February 12—3w
The Subscriber offers to lease for a number of years 200 tracts of first rate land situate in the 4th, 5th, 6th, 10th, & 11th ranges on each side of Mad river and between the great and little Miami rivers. Jacob Broadwell, resq. resident in the vicinity of Cincinnati is authorised by the subscriber to lease the whole or any part of the above lands. Industrious families, who first commence their improvements on the premises shall have cattle and other stock on shares if required. The above lands lie in a healthy part of the country, surrounded with mills and a populous settlement. The soil is rich and productive, is well watered, shaded with some of the most valuable sort of timber, and pleasantly situated. Town lots will be given to well recommended mechanics who commence their settlement in one year from this date. Mr. Broadwell is authorised to dispose of ten plantations between the two Miami's well improved, with a large distillery and a set of new mills, equal to any in the western country. They stand on the Little Miami river 8 miles from the Ohio. The grist mill is calculated for five pair of stones, among them is a pair of burrs. Mr. Broadwell will show the premises and make known the terms of sale and an indisputable title will be given on payment of the purchase money, by JOHN SMITH, of Ohio. Washington city, Feb. 14—2w
20 DOLLARS REWARD.
RANAWAY from the subscriber about the latter part of December last a negro man named LEWIS about 4 or five and thirty years of age. He is very black, about 5 feet four inches high and rather slender made, when interrogated he has a considerable impediment in his speech and discovers much confusion. He had on when he went off a short coat of bear skin cloth very much worn, and a pair of long breeches, of white planes—he was seen the first of January in the county of Fauquier enquiring the way to the city of Washington where if he gets he will probably attempt to pass as a free man, though being very ignorant it is likely his tale will not be a plausible one. The above reward will be given for securing him in any jail so that I get him again and all reasonable charges paid if brought to me. JOHN WILLIS. Orange county Feb. 7—1m
FEBRUARY 12, 1806. R. S. Bickley, versus Thomas Peter, Thomas Monroe, Robert Brent, Benjamin Stoddert, Elias Boudinot Caldwell, William Thornton, John Stickney, Adam Lindsey, Edward Frithy, James Dougherty, Francis Lowndes, Samuel Blodget, Thomas M'Kever, William Davidson and William Smith. Isaac Pollock, Fruit Hill, Some Lands calculated for the culture of cotton, Indian corn and small grain, situated on a navigable river in the healthiest part of the state of Georgia, will also be sold on reasonable terms or exchanged for negroes. Jun. 29—eptf
On a liberal credit. THE subscriber will dispose of at private sale, his estate called Chichester, lying on the eastern branch, immediately opposite the city of Washington. This tract of land containing 697 acres is laid off in lots from 83 to 144 acres for the convenience of purchasers. Plats of the estate and the terms of sale are in the hands of colonel Hanson at the navy yard, and Charles Wayman of George Town. The lots will be shown by Mr. Wedden, living on the premises, near the Eastern Branch bridge. ANTHONY ADDISON. Barnaby, 12th June 1805—tf
Twenty Dollars Reward.
AARON , a mulatto man about 43 years old, left the city of Washington early in October, and was seen on the road leading from Alexandria to Leesburg in company with a black woman, who I am informed is the property of some person in the vicinity of this place—He is about 5 feet 10 inches high, has straight hair, very bald in one of his eyes brows (I think it is the left) near his nose, there is an indented scar occasioned by a stroke he received, which fractured the bone in that place, and whenever he has it in his power never fails to drink to excess. It is probable that he has gone to Jefferson or Berkeley county Virginia, where he formerly resided, and from thence will endeavor to go to Kentucky. The above reward will be paid to any person who will have him committed to jail, and give information thereof to the subscriber in George Town, district of Columbia. EDWARD GANTT. Nov. 17—tf
THE IMPROVED STRAW CUTTER,
May be seen in operation at the subscriber's house between the Six Buildings and the Potomac river; he forms the steel of this machine all at once to cause the knife to cut off the straw at an angle of 22 1/2 degrees which makes it cut much easier than at right angles, or square across—also a model of the improved Press. Either of the machines can be had of Oliver Evans in Philadelphia or the subscriber, city of Washington. EVAN EVANS. February 12—cp4w
WANTED,
A WOMAN that understands plain cooking and house work; likewise a GIRL of about 14 years of age to take care of children—none need apply but those who can bring unexceptionable recommendations. Enquire at the and house from the well end of the Six Buildings and at this office. Nov. 27—tf
STELLE'S HOTEL & CITY TAVERN.
THE Subscriber takes this method of thanking his friends and the public for their favors whilst on the Capitol Square and begs leave to acquaint them that he has taken the Spacious Hotel lately erected by Mr. Carroll, near the Capitol. The hotel being above one hundred feet in front, and containing fifty rooms enables the subscriber to offer every accommodation to members of Congress and travellers which can be expected in a public house. PONTIUS D. STELLE. Washington City, March 25—tf N. B.—P. D. S. will rent the house lately occupied by him on the adjoining square.
TO BE SOLD OR RENTED,
A WHARF, ON the Eastern Branch, with a two story brick Warehouse and frame Countinghouse thereon, formerly occupied by M. & G. Barry as a lumber yard, an eligible situation for any person wishing to follow that business. Possession may be had on the first March next.— Also a new Three story brick Dwelling House in New Jersey Avenue, completely finished and in excellent repair. Possession may be had on the 1st May next. The terms will be made known and the premises shown to any person applying to the subscriber at the Twenty Buildings. GARRET BARRY. January 29—w1m
ELIAS B. CALDWELL,
ATTORNEY AT LAW, HAS removed his Office, to the house lately occupied by Mr. Law, on Capitol Hill. Washington, July 26—tf
A BARGAIN.
THE subscriber offers for sale the farm he now occupies, containing near 300 acres with or without the stock thereon. His distant from the cities of Georgetown and Washington, about five miles, and well known as a healthy situation. There is much fine fruit thereon, and abounds with springs, affording as good water as in the United States, a considerable proportion of the land has been in clover, and from thirty to forty acres fit for the scythe the ensuing summer. It is now in a very improving state, being altogether clear of broom sedge, and from 40 to 60 acres ploughed and prepared for a spring crop, and from 30 to 40 acres well set with wheat and rye—some part of the land is calculated for tobacco; and plaster of paris answers well with it all. The dwelling house and other improvements may with small repairs, be rendered very comfortable—From its vicinity to two growing cities, many advantages result in supplying the markets. A purchaser may calculate on a good bargain, particularly if an early application be made. Some part of the purchase money will be required in cash or approved negotiable paper; the remainder rendered easy—or negroes received in payment. The subscriber or William Searcy residing on the farm will show it when required, and the terms made known by application to Mr. John Thompson, George Town, or Dr. Wm. Thornton, Washington. Isaac Pollock, Fruit Hill, Some Lands calculated for the culture of cotton, Indian corn and small grain, situated on a navigable river in the healthiest part of the state of Georgia, will also be sold on reasonable terms or exchanged for negroes. Jun. 29—eptf
On a liberal credit.
THE subscriber will dispose of at private sale, his estate called Chichester, lying on the eastern branch, immediately opposite the city of Washington. This tract of land containing 697 acres is laid off in lots from 83 to 144 acres for the convenience of purchasers. Plats of the estate and the terms of sale are in the hands of colonel Hanson at the navy yard, and Charles Wayman of George Town. The lots will be shown by Mr. Wedden, living on the premises, near the Eastern Branch bridge. ANTHONY ADDISON. Barnaby, 12th June 1805—tf
Twenty Dollars Reward.
AARON , a mulatto man about 43 years old, left the city of Washington early in October, and was seen on the road leading from Alexandria to Leesburg in company with a black woman, who I am informed is the property of some person in the vicinity of this place—He is about 5 feet 10 inches high, has straight hair, very bald in one of his eyes brows (I think it is the left) near his nose, there is an indented scar occasioned by a stroke he received, which fractured the bone in that place, and whenever he has it in his power never fails to drink to excess. It is probable that he has gone to Jefferson or Berkeley county Virginia, where he formerly resided, and from thence will endeavor to go to Kentucky. The above reward will be paid to any person who will have him committed to jail, and give information thereof to the subscriber in George Town, district of Columbia. EDWARD GANTT. Nov. 17—tf
Thirty Dollars Reward,
FOR apprehending and securing in jail negro JACOB who is a low well made fellow, about 25 years of age, complexion rather black, tho' not deep, has a pleasant countenance, is stout made about the shoulders and breast with small legs, has a stoopage in his speech and cannot make a quick reply, when spoken to without shutting his eyes or being in motion, which is very observable, his clothing was blue negro cotton jacket and overalls, osnaburg shirt, and wool hat, though they are subject to change, was late the property of Richard H. Beall of Fauquier county, Virginia, and eloped about the 6th of November last. The constables and others of the city of Washington, George Town, Alexandria, Baltimore, Philadelphia and Norfolk are requested to look out for the said runaway slave, as he above reward will be immediately paid them on the terms specified by JOHN KEDGIE. City of Washington, Dec. 16—2awtf
CHARLES H. VARDEN,
MERCHANT TAYLOR, NEW JERSEY AVENUE, NEAR THE CAPITOL. Respectfully informs the gentlemen of the District of Columbia that in addition to his former stock he has received by late arrivals at Philadelphia from London a choice assortment of superfine cloths, single and double milled cassimeres, Fennets patent cord, woolveteen and waistcoating, fancy and black silk molekins, all of superior quality and newest fashion, plain and stripe black velvets, constitution cord, knap coatings, flushing flannels, &c. &c. with a variety of other articles in his line, and he pledges himself, to those gentlemen who shall favor him with their orders to complement them in the newest style of fashion. N. B. Ladies habits, regimentals, navy uniforms, made in the most fashionable manner. Washington, Dec. 13—tf
Twenty Dollars Reward,
WILL be given for apprehending negro FAME a very low and tolerable lolly woman about 38 years of age, but from appearance older, very black and much marked with the small pox which occasioned a small defect in one of her eyes, has lost one of her foreteeth, she is very artful and cunning, having procured a free pass, and passes by the name of Charity Shorter; she was formerly the property of John Chittenden of this county, and was run away for near eight years, was apprehended and sold to me in 1803 and was hired by me to a certain Thomas King of Prince George's county, from whom she absconded in Oct. 1804 and has been lurking. I do suppose near where she was hired or gone to Calvert county where I have understood her husband has gone. The above reward will be given to any person who will lodge her in jail so that I get her again, or deliver her to Mr. Samuel Speake city of Washington, or to the subscriber living in Charles county Maryland, near Fort Tobacco. P. S. I forewarn any person from harboring or employing said woman, at their peril. MASSEY SIMMS. Nov. 27—tf
PLOUGHS.
THE subscribers take this method to inform the farmers that they have new on hand and purpose keeping ready for sale, a number of Large three horse ploughs, (such as are used and recommended by Mr. Thomas Moore) Mr. G. W. Riggs will attend to any orders given, and give information of the terms—some of them may be seen in Mr. McLaughlin's yard, as the great advantage of deep ploughing has been so sufficiently proved by some years experience, it is presumed that every farmer who studies his own interest and the improvement of his farm will get some of those most useful and much admired ploughs. JOHN THOMAS, 3d, & Co. Feb. 17—w6t
BOOKSELLING
AND PRINTING.
TO BE SOLD an establishment in the Bookselling & Stationary line, containing a general assortment of approved publications, particularly school and classical books of the best authors, and of the most correct editions, with a variety of Stationary articles. Also, a complete PRINTING OFFICE, containing two presses, with fonts of types from full faced cannon to brevier, in good order, with imposing stone, chases, furniture, and every article necessary to carry on either book work or newspaper work—Likewise a parcel of book-binding materials. To an active young man, this situation may be found a very eligible and profitable introduction to business. Those who are inclined to treat for both branches, or either, will meet with encouraging terms, by applying to Theo. Bland, esq. attorney at law, Baltimore. Baltimore, Feb. 17—6t
ATTENTION.
THE retailers of Spiritous Liquors on or near the CAPITOL HILL, are requested to attend to the 5th and 8th sections of the act of the corporation passed by the third Council of which the following is an extract— Sec. 5th. And that the keeper thereof will not during the time for which such licence shall be granted, suffer any person or persons to play any game at cards, dice, or other hazard for money therein and that he or she will not suffer any apprentice or slave to purchase any wine or spiritous liquors in his or her house, and that the person keeping such shall not on Sunday sell or suffer to be drunk in his or her house any wine or spiritous liquors. Sec. 8th. And be it enacted, That for every infraction of the provisions of this act, there shall be paid by the persons committing the same or his sureties, the sum of twenty dollars. We the subscribers having suffered great loss and inconvenience from the frequent infraction of the above recited act of the corporation do hereby give this public caution to all interested to beware of a repetition of the like offences, as we are determined to see the penalties exacted as the law directs on and near the Capitol Hill. Griffith Coombe, Daniel Rafine, Henry Ingle, George Blagden, William Brent, Charles Varden, John Coyle. February, 17.
A Runaway Negroe.
COMMITTED to my custody, on the 31st day of December last, a negro man who calls himself JOHN WILLIAMS, and says he absconded from his master near Alexandria, in Virginia, who was taking him and several other negroes to the southward, but whose name he does not know; he says he was purchased of a certain John Dorsey, of St. Mary's county, in Maryland; he appears to be about twenty five years of age, five feet 8 inches high, and a very likely well formed negro; has on a coat and breeches of drab plains, about half worn, a brown linen shirt and old hat. His owner is desired to release him, or he will be sold for prison fees, &c. agreeably to law. N. ROCHESTER, Sheriff of Washington co. Md. Feb. 3—w3w.
FOR SALE,
A Handsome two story R. M. K. HOUSE, 22 feet front by 34 feet back, with a kitchen stable and carriage house, its situation for a public or private dwelling is so superior to any house near the Navy Yard, it commands a perfect view of the Yard and shipping and is now rented for 300 dollars per annum. I will also sell a valuable unimproved Lot near the premises in sq. 831—Young negroes will be taken in part payment. For terms apply to the subscriber living near the Navy Yard, or to Mr. Samuel M'Intire. NICHOLAS VOSS. Washington, Feb. 11—wti
To be Sold,
Or EXCHANGED for other property in the City, or its vicinity. JOHN BECKLEY. City of Washington } November 6—w4t
FOR SALE.
TWO valuable and contiguous TRACTS of LAND in the state of Kentucky, the one containing 6880 acres, and the other 6154 acres, by late survey. They are under old and indisputable titles of more than twenty years, and situate in a populous country, adjoining flourishing settlements. All taxes thereon have been duly paid. Apply to the subscriber, JOHN BECKLEY. City of Washington } November 6—w4t
FOR SALE.
ALL that tract of land which I purchased from Mrs. Mary Jenkins and on which I now reside lying in St. Mary's county on the Choptank bay three miles from St. Inigoes creek, containing 700 acres more or less. The advantages of this land are numerous; 400 acres are in wood abounding in oak, locust and poplar. The bay shore affords an inexhaustible source of excellent manure in the sea weed or sea oar as it is commonly called which is at all seasons thrown up in great quantities and is of easy access, lying immediately along side of the fields. No place can be better adapted than this for flock of all kinds. The woods yield abundance of acorns, and it abounds in grounds well calculated for meadows that produce great quantities of grain. The improvements of this place are likewise considerable. There are on it a good brick dwelling house, every necessary out house, a small water mill, and two tenements now under rent, besides all necessary fencing in good repair. Moreover there are many convenient springs of good water that do not fail in the driest seasons—its situation renders it almost superfluous to mention that it lies convenient to the Baltimore, Norfolk and Alexandria markets. This valuable tract of land I will sell for one 4th cash and the remainder in one, two and three years. WILFRED MANNING. Great Mill, Jan. 31—31&wtf
IRON WORKS
ON POTOMAC.
The Subscriber has for Sale or Rent, a good seat for a Furnace upon the North Branch of Potomac in Hampshire county, with plenty of ore already investigated at considerable expense and found to be good, a constant and sufficient stream with upwards of 30 feet fall, and the wood of more than 9000 acres of well timbered land; enough of which is arable to form a complete establishment. Connected with this may also be rented the large built by Mr. John Potts at the Great Falls of Potomac, now the property of the subscriber. It is conceived that these two seats are particularly worthy of the notice of Iron Master of capital; as they are fully adequate to the supply of iron, in its various forms, to an extensive country, having great demand for that article, both above and below the Blue Ridge. The Hampshire property is free from every encumbrance, and the payment of a very few thousand dollars due to the proprietor of the fee simple at the Great Falls (my lease of which is for upwards of 900 years at a low rent) for rents in arrears prior to my purchase, will render this property clear; and afford a complete establishment for all the various manufactures of iron, as well as for mills, with a convenient farm, &c. &c. I have seats equally eligible (if not superior) for furnace and forge, upon the river Shenandoah in this county, with ore, wood, and water, all convenient and abundant: which may be rented for a long term of years, with rich farming land attached thereto. FERDINANDO FAIRFAX. Charles town, Jefferson Co. Virg. November 16—wtf
ELISHA RIGGS,
Has just received by the ship Birmingham from Liverpool, via Baltimore and other late arrivals; an additional assortment of Seasonable Goods, among them are many Fancy articles, all of which will be sold very low, viz Ladies Pelices, fancy ribbons, lace sleeves, extra white kid gloves, rich cambric silk, hosiery, Hawkethbury bonnets, figured crapes, ostrich feathers, black laces, shades and veils, white and colored cambric muslins, rich damask and green cloth, table cloths, London batts. Also, A quantity of seine twine, faddlery, end hats, ters trimmings, and a few bales rose blankets. George Town, Jan. 22 w4t
FOR SALE,
The House and Lot on North F street near the Bank, occupied by Mr. GEORGE COLLARD as a grocery store. The terms will be both moderate and accommodating. Apply to T. H. GILLER. Washington city, } Feb. 3—w4t
Fresh Garden Seeds, &c.
THEOPHILUS HOLT respectfully informs his friends and the public that he has received from London per ship Mars to Baltimore, and for sale, a very extensive assortment of fresh Garden Seeds, garden tools, grass seeds, bird feed. Split peas and flour of mustard by the pound. He also has for sale a variety of bulbous flower roots, fruit trees, flowering shrubs, Lombardy poplars, &c. &c. The customary allowance made to Gardeners and those who purchase to sell again. Washington City, Dec. 13—2awtf P. S. An assortment of the garden seeds are for sale at Dr. Ott's George Town.