Alexandria advertiser and commercial intelligencer (Alexandria [Va.]), 1802-04-28 00:00:00

Sales by Auction.
On SATURDAY next, At ten o'clock, will be Sold at the Auction Room,
 Rum in bls. | Soap in boxes,  Cherry | Candles do.  barrels. | Chocolate do.  Sugar in bls. | Hysonkin Tea in  Gin in cases, | chests. 
Also, A quantity of DRY GOODS, Amongst which, are
 Chintzes, | Calicoes,  Bombazets, | Chintz Shawls,  Durants, | Flag Handkerfs.  Calimancoes, | Check do.  German Dowlass, | Sewing Silks,  Russia Sheeting, | Threads & Tapes. 
Likewise, 3 bales INDIA MUSLIN, a large quantity of READY MADE CLOTHES, and a number of other articles. THOMAS MOORE, Auctioneer. April 28.
Public Sale.
On FRIDAY, At ten o'clock, will be sold at the Vendue Store,
 Rum in hogheads and barrels.  Whiskey in barrels,  Gin in casks and barrels,  Port wine in casks,  Molasses in hds.  Sugar in hds. and bls.  White and brown soap in boxes,  Chocolate in boxes,  Coffee in tiers and bags,  Raisins in kegs and boxes,  Queens Ware in crates, handsomely assorted, 
ALSO, A variety of DRY GOODS,
 —AMONG WHICH ARE—  Superfine cloth and Kersemers,  Narrow Cloth, and Flannels,  Irish Linens, and Oznaburgs,  Sail duck of different qualities,  Chintzes and Calicoes,  Cambric and Cotton shawls,  India Muslin and Table Cloaths,  Coloured threads and sowing silks,  Ribbons, Hats, and  A number of other articles. 
P. G. MARSTELLER, April 28. Vendue-Master.
For Sale, or to Rent,
THE unexpired lease of a HOUSE and LOT, on Queen street, with a BAKE-HOUSE thereon; the lease has 3 years to run. The stand is good for business, and is well known, having been occupied for a length of time by a baker. Particulars apply to
THOMAS SIMMS, Prince street. March 26.
Just Received,
and for sale at this Office, MR. BAYARD'S SPEECH on the Bill for repealing the late Judiciary Act.
GERMAN LINENS.
 Joseph Riddle & Co. HAVE FOR SALE  Best white Ticklenburg,  Second qual. do.  Brown do.  Osnaburgs,  Brown Hempen Rolls,  White do.  Hessian do.  Brown Holland and Dowlass.  ALSO ON HAND,  A Quantity of  Turk's Island, Isle of May, and  Cadiz SALT. 
December 29.
Paper Hangings.
JUST RECEIVED, BY Cotton & Stewart, A large and general assortment of Paper Hangings, consisting of upwards of 40 different patterns with elegant borders. April 7. d
JUST RECEIVED, And for sale by the subscriber, A QUANTITY OF Double Gloucester Chees, FRESH FRUIT of almost every description, and a general assortment of groceries. ABEL WILLIS. April 15. d
Ship General Hunter, CAPTAIN ADAMSON, Arrived yesterday from Liverpool with a cargo of excellent SALT For the Fisheries. Also, A FEW Crates of Liverpool Earthen Ware. We will sell this cargo on moderate terms for ready cash, or notes negotiable in the Bank of Alexandria at 60 days. The ship will take in freight for Liverpool. R. T. HOOE, & Co. April 8. d
FOR SALE, The Cargo of the brig Little Sally, capt. Cozens, From Rhode-Island, now landing and consisting of
 French Brandy,  Holland Gin (entitled to drawback)  Country Gin,  West-India Rum, N. England do.  Loaf Sugar,  Castile Soap, Tanner's Oil,  R. I. Chees of an excellent quality,  Soal Leather,  Russia and ravers Duck and Sheetings,  Cordage, 1 bale of Ticklenburgs, &c. 
For Sale, Freight or Charter, The said brig Little Sally, burthen about 650 barrels, an excellent vessel and well equipped. Apply to J. G. LADD. Jan. 4. d
FOR SALE, A Negro Man, about 25 or 26 years of age—accustomed to house work and waiting at table—being strong and active he may be otherwise employed at the pleasure of the purchaser. Apply to the printers. March 29. d
Dissolution of Partnership.
THE term of copartnership existing under the firm of JAMES RUSSELL and Co. will expire by contract on the first day of next April: all those indebted thereto are respectfully solicited to call and pay their balances, and such as have claims against said firm will please present them for settlement. JAMES RUSSELL, JOSEPH RIDDLE & Co. THE subscriber begs leave to inform his friends, that he purposes carrying on business, as usual, in the same place, and will be thankful for a continuance of their custom. JAMES RUSSELL. March 11. d
For Sale, Antigua Rum by the hhd. Raisins by the box, Sugar by the barrel, Dates, fresh from the coast of Barbary, With a variety of other FRUITS and GROCERIES. ABEL WILLIS. Jan. 11. d Printing in all its variety executed at this office.
Robert T. Hooe and Co. HAVE RECEIVED, By the brig Neptune, about 1500 bushels Turk's Island Salt, and 30 puncheons Grenada Rum, of which part is old, and fit for immediate use. Also, a few hds. Molasses, April 21. d7t
LOTS FOR SALE.
TO BE SOLD, At public Auction, on the premises, on Wednesday, the 12th of May, at twelve o'clock, An half acre Lot of Ground, situated on Fairfax and Duke streets, of which lot several divisions are made for house lots to accommodate purchasers, a plan of which will be shewn on the day of sale. One fourth of the money it is expected will be paid down, the balance in twelve months, with interest: Also, security therefor will be taken by a deed of trust on the property, and the lots so purchased will be then conveyed by good deeds, by DAVID HENLEY. April 24. d
TO RENT,
A convenient three story brick House, on Fairfax and Gibbon Streets, with every convenience thereto belonging. Possession may be had immediately. Enquire of the printers. April 14. d2w
I have just received and offer for sale, SACKINGS and OSNABURGS in bales, and FELT HATS in boxes—also, one ton SHEATHING PAPER. W. HODGSON. April 7. d
A Stray Cow.
CAME to the subscriber's farm, in Fairfax county, early in January last, an old brown Cow, white under her belly, upon her rump and shoulder white spots, her right ear cropped, & a hole in her left ear. She will be delivered to the owner, upon proving property and paying charges PHILIP R. FENDALL. April 22. d6t
FOR SALE,
At R. and J. Gray's Book Store, King street, THE GLOSSER: A Satirical Poem—by Giles Julap, of Chotank, Virginia. Price 62 1/2 cents. Also,
Mr. BAYARD'S SPEECH On the Judiciary Bill. 25 cents. Clerical Candidates. Price 25 cents. And an Essay on the Mineral qualities of the Sweet Springs of Virginia. By Dr. John Baltzel. Price 25 cents. April 24. d
FOR SALE,
At Cotton and Stewart's Book Store, Royal street, THE GLOSSER: Satirical Poem—By Giles Julap, of Chotank, Virginia. Price 62 1/2 cents. Also,
Mr. BAYARD'S SPEECH On the Judiciary Bill. April 24. d
Calumny Detected and Exposed!
JUST PUBLISHED, And for sale at this office, price 12 1/2 cents, OBSERVATIONS
AND DOCUMENTS, Relative to a Calumny circulated By JOHN BROWN, A member of the Senate of the United States, from Kentucky, To the prejudice of ELISHA I. HALL, of Frederick county, Virginia. April 24. d
Cash given for rags.
Mechanic Relief Society.
Anniversary Meeting.
THE annual meeting of the Mechanic Relief Society, will be held on Saturday next, May 1, at the Council Chamber, at 10 o'clock in the forenoon. Punctual attendance is requested. J. V. THOMAS, Secretary. April 27.
T. SIMMS
Has just received and offers for sale, at the lower end of Prince street, 15 jars best quality Tamarinds, And a quantity of Fresh Limes and Lemons. April 27. d
In obedience to a Decree of the Court of Alexandria county, on Monday the 17th day of May next, if fair, if not the next fair day, will be offered for sale on the premises, upon a Credit of 6 and 12 months, upon notes with approved indorsers, negotiable at the Bank of Alexandria,
A Lot of Ground,
Containing half an acre, lying upon the east side of Alfred street and south side of Cameron street, in the town of Alexandria, extending on Alfred street 176 feet 7 inches, upon Cameron street 123 feet 5 inches. There are a convenient two story frame dwelling house, with a kitchen and either out houses upon the lot, which now rent for £. 50 per annum. The lot is subject to an annual rent of £. 15. As the lot is large it will be laid off into smaller divisions, and sold either in those divisions, or altogether, as will be most agreeable to those inclined to purchase. This sale is made to satisfy a debt due from Thomas Richards to Thompson and Veitch.
 JAMES KEITH, } Com'rs.  JOHN JANNEY }  JOHN DUNLAP, } 
April 16. d34t
Just Received,
A parcel of pickled Herrings in bls. A quantity of soal leather and shoes, Cyder in barrels, and A few chests Young Hyson Tea, For sale by J. GARDNER LADD. March 16. d.
JUST RECEIVED
And for sale by the subscriber, lower end of PRINCE STREET, a quantity of the best
CHINA ORANGES.
THO. SIMMS. April 3. d
William Hartshorne
Has for Sale at his Mill, or in Alexandria, Plaister of Paris by the ton, or ready ground by the bushel, Indian Meal and Rye Meal, bolted or unbolted, Corn, or any other grain, ground for toll at the mill.
At his store in town,
Hay in bundles, Corn by
 the bushel,  Loaf and lump Sugar by the hoghead or barrel,  First and second quality James River Tobacco, in kegs,  A few very good Mill Spindles,  Two good Scale Beams.  Three boxes 8 by 10 Window Glass,  A few barrels of Tar,  James River Coal. 
For Sale,
A number of valuable Lots in town, A small House on a lot of 28 feet front on Water Street, next door to Major Muncaster's.
Also, for Sale or Rent,
A valuable Brick House
on King street, now in the tenure of Thomas Cruse. 3d mo. 1. d

THE EXAMINATION.
NUMBER XVII.
IT was intended to have concluded the argument respecting the judiciary department with the last number. But a speech lately delivered* in the house of representatives, having since appeared, which brings forward one position, and reiterates some others in a form well calculated to excite prejudice, it may not be useless to devote some further attention to the subject.
The new position is, that the clause of the constitution enabling the judges to hold their offices during good behaviour, ought to be understood to have reference to the executive only, because all offices are holden of the President!
This is a second example of a doctrine, contrary to every republican idea, broached in the course of this debate by the advocates of the repealing law.† Had a federalist uttered the sentiment, the cry of monarch would have resounded from one extremity of the United States to the other. It would have been loudly proclaimed that the mask was thrown aside, by a glaring attempt to transform the servants of the people into the supple tools of Presidential ambition. But now, to justify a plain resolution of the constitution, and serve a party purpose, this bold and dangerous position is avowed without hesitation or scruple, from a quarter remarkable for the noisy promulgation of popular tenets.
The position is not correct; and it is of a nature to demand the indignant reprobation of every real republican. In the theory of all the American constitutions, offices are holden of the government, in other words of the PEOPLE through the government . The appointment is indeed confined to a particular organ, and in instances in which it is not otherwise provided by the constitution or the laws, the removal of the officer is left to the pleasure or discretion of that organ. But both these acts suppose merely an instrumentality of the organ; from the necessity or expediency of the people's acting in such cases by an agent. They do not suppose the substitution of the agent to the people, as the object of the fealty or allegiance of the officer.
It is said that the word holden is a technical term denoting tenure, and implying that there is one who holds; another of whom the thing is holden. This assertion is indeed agreeable to the common use of the word in our law books. But it is hardly to be presumed that it was employed in the constitution in so artificial a sense. It is more likely that it was designed to be the equivalent of the words possess, enjoy . Yet let the assertion be supposed correct. In this case, it must also be remembered that the term in this technical sense includes two things, the quantity of interest in the subject holden, and the meritorious consideration upon which the grant is made; which, in many cases, includes service or rent, in all fealty; this last forming emphatically the link or tie between the lord and the tenant, the sovereign and the officer. Will any one dare to say that fealty or allegiance, as applied to the government of the United States, is due from the officer to the President? Certainly it is not. It is due to the people in their political capacity. If so, it will follow that the office is holden not of the President, but of the nation, government or state.
It is remarkable that the constitution has every where used the language "officers of the United States," as if to denote the relation between the officer and the sovereignty; as if to exclude the dangerous pretension that he is the mere creature of the executive; accordingly, he is to take an oath "to support the constitution," that is, an oath of fidelity to the government; but no oath of any kind to the President.
In the theory of the British government, it is entirely different; there the majesty of the nation is understood to reside in the Prince. He is deemed the real sovereign. He is, emphatically, the fountain of honor. Allegiance is due to him; and consequently, public offices are in the true notion of tenure, holden of him. But in our constitution the President is not
the sovereign; the sovereignty is vested in the government, collectively; and it is of the sovereignty, strictly and technically speaking, that a public officer holds his office.
If this view of the matter be just, the basis of the argument, in point of fact, fails; and the principle of it suggests an opposite conclusion, namely, that the condition of good behavior is obligatory on the whole government, and ought to operate as a barrier against any authority by which the displacement of the judges from their offices may be, directly or indirectly effected.
In the same speech much stress has been laid on the words "during their continuance in office," as implying that the compensation of the judge was liable to cease by a legislative discontinuance of the office. If the words had been during the continuance in office , the argument would have been pertinent; but as they stand, a different inference, if any, is to be drawn from them. They seem rather to relate to the continuance of the officer than to that of the office . But in truth, an inference either way, is a pitiful subtlety. The clause is neutral; its plain and simple meaning being, that the compensation shall not be diminished while the judge retains the office. It throws no light whatever on the question how he may lawfully cease to possess it .
Another point is pressed with greater earnestness, and with greater plausibility. It is this that the constitution must have intended to attach recompence to service, and cannot be supposed to have meant to bestow compensation, where, in the opinion of the legislature, no service was necessary. Without doubt, the constitution does contemplate service as the ground of compensation; but it likewise takes it for granted, that the legislature will be circumspect in the institution of offices; and especially, that it will be careful to establish none of a permanent nature, which will not be permanently useful. And with this general presumption, the constitution anticipates no material inconvenience from the permanency of judicial offices connected with permanent emoluments. And though it should have foreseen that cases might happen in which the service was not needed, yet there is no difficulty whatever in the supposition, that it was willing to encounter the trivial contingent evil of having to maintain a few superfluous officers, in order to obtain the immense good, of establishing and securing the independence of the courts of justice. A readiness of the officer to render service to the will of the government, is the consideration as to him, for continuing the compensation. But the essential inducement is the public utility incident to the independence of the judicial character. As to the supposition of an enormous abuse of power, by creating a long list of sinecures, and a numerous host of pensioners; whenever such a thing shall happen, it will constitute one of those extreme cases, which, on the principle of necessity, may authorise extra-constitutional remedies. But these are cases which can never be appealed to for the interpretation of any constitution, which, in making out the power of government, must be supposed to adjust them on the presumption of a fair execution.
A further topic of argument is that our doctrine would equally restrain the legislature from abolishing offices held during pleasure. But this is not true. The two things stand on different ground. First, the executive has such an agency in the enacting of laws, that as a general rule, the displacement of an officer cannot happen against his pleasure. Second, the pleasure of the President, in all cases not particularly excepted, is understood to be subject to the direction of the law. Third, an officer during pleasure, having merely a revocable interest, the abolition of his office is no infringement of his right. In substance he is a tenant at the will of the government , liable to be discontinued by the executive organ, in the form of a removal; by the legislative in the form of an abolition of the office. These different considerations reconcile the legislative authority to abolish, with the prerogative of the chief magistrate to remove, and with the temporary right of individuals to hold. And therefore, there is no reason against the exercise of such an authority; nothing to form an exception to the general competency of the legislative power to provide for the public welfare. Very different is the case as to the judges. The most persuasive motives of public policy, the safety of liberty itself, require that the judges shall be independent of
the legislative body, in order to maintain effectually the separation between the several departments. The provision that their compensation shall not be diminished, is a clear constitutional indication, that their independence was intended to be guarded against the legislature. The express declaration that they shall hold their offices during good behavior, that is, upon a condition dependent on themselves , is repugnant to the hypothesis that they shall hold at the mere pleasure of others .—Provisions which profess to confer rights on individuals, are always entitled to a liberal interpretation in support of the rights, and ought not, without necessity, to receive an interpretation subversive of them. Provisions which respect the organization of a co-ordinate branch of the government, ought to be construed in such a manner, as to procure for it stability and efficiency, rather than in such a manner as render it weak, precarious, and dependent. These various and weighty reasons serve to establish strong lines of discrimination between judicial and other officers: and to prove that no inference can be drawn from the power of the legislature as to the latter, which will be applicable to the former.
One more defence of this formidable claim is attempted to be drawn from the example of the judicary establishment of Great Britain. It is observed that this establishment, the theme of copious eulogy on account of the independence of the judges, places those officers upon a footing far less firm than will be that of the judges of the United States, even admitting the right of Congress to abolish their offices, by abolishing the courts of which they are members. And as one proof of the assertion it is mentioned, that the English judges are removable by the King on the address of the two Houses of Parliament.
All this might be very true, and yet prove nothing as to what is or ought to be the construction of our constitution on this point. It is plain from the provision respecting compensation, that the framers of that constitution intended to prop the independence of our judges beyond the precautions which have been adopted in England, in respect to the judges of that country; and the intention apparent in this particular, is an argument that the same spirit may have governed other provisions. —Cogent reasons have been assigned, applicable to our system, and not applicable to the British system, for securing the independence of our judges against the legislative, as well as against the executive power.
It is alleged that the statute of G. Britain of the 13 of William III. was the model from which the framers of our constitution copied the provisions for the independence of our judiciary. It is certainly true, that the idea of tenure of office during good behavior, found in several of our constitutions, is borrowed from that source. But it is evident that the framers of our federal system did not mean to confine themselves to that mode. Hence the restraint of the legislative discretion, as to compensation; hence the omission of the provision for the removal of the judges by the executive, on the application of the two branches of the legislature; a provision which has been imitated in some of the state governments.
This very omission affords no light inference that it was the intention to depart from the principle of making the judges removable from office, by the co-operation or interposition of the legislative body. Why else was this qualification of the permanent tenure of the office, which forms a conspicuous feature in the British statute, and in some of the state constitutions dropped in the plan of the Federal Government?
The insertion of it in the British statute may also be supposed to have been dictated by the opinion, that without a special reservation, the words during good behaviour would have imported irrevocable tenure. If so, the precaution will serve to fortify our construction.
But however it may seem in theory, in fact, the difference in the genius of the two governments would tend to render the independence of the judges more secure under the provision of the British statute, than it would be in this country upon the construction that allows to Congress the right to abolish them. The reason is this—From the Constitution of the British Monarchy, the thing chiefly to be apprehended is, an overbearing influence of the crown upon the judges. The jealousy of executive influence resting upon more powerful motives in that country, than in this, it may
be expected to operate as a stronger obstacle there, than here; to an improper combination between the Executive and Legislative Departments to invade the Judiciary. Moreover, the British Executive has greater means of resisting Parliamentary controul, than an American Executive. The of resisting the controul of an American Legislature; consequently the former would be in less danger than the latter, of being driven to a concurrence in measures hostile to the independence of the judges; and both these ways there would be greater security for the British than for the American Judges.
Thus is it manifest that in every point of view in which the subject has been placed, the argument is victorious against the power of Congress to abolish the judges. But what, alas! avails the demonstration of this important Truth? The fatal blow has been struck! It is no longer possible to arrest the rash and daring act. Can the proof that it has acted without right, without warrant—can this heal the wound? Can it renovate the perished Constitution?—Yes, let us hope that this will be the case. Let us trust that the monitory voice of true patriotism will at length reach the ears of a confident people, and will rouse them to a united vigorous exertion for the restoration of their violated charter; not by means of their disorderly or guilty, but by means of which the constitution will sanction their approval. Surely this will be so—people, who deserving tyranny at a distance, and guided only by the light of principles, before they had yet felt its oppression, could nobly hazard all in defence of their rights; and who having their prejudices on the altar of experience, and spurning the artifices of infamous demagogues, could as a deliberate act of national reason, adopt and establish for themselves a constitution which is fair to immortalize their glory and the happiness; such a people, though maddened for a period, will not be the final victims of a delusion, alike inauspicious to their reputation and their welfare. They will not long forget the fame they have so justly merited, nor give the world occasion to ascribe to accident, what has hitherto been imputed to wisdom. They will again join with the two long list of degraded nations who have bowed their necks to unworthy idols of their own creating, who, immolating their best friends at the shrine of falsehood, have sunk under the yoke of sycophants and betrayers. They will open their eyes and see the precipice on which they stand! They will look around and select from among the throng the men who have heretofore established claim to their confidence; the solid basis of able and faithful service; and they will with indignation and scorn, banish from their favor the wretched impostors who with honied lips and guilful hearts are luring them to destruction! Admonished by the past, and listening again to the counsels of real friends, they will make a timely retreat from the danger which threatens—they will once more arrange themselves under the banners of the constitution; with anxious care will repair the breaches that have been made, and will raise new mounds against the future assaults of open or secret enemies!
LUCIUS CRASSUS.
BALTIMORE, April 26.
"Cape Francois; March 23, 1804."
"On no account make shipments in this place. The government (if such it may be called) is the most capricious, equivocal, ill-natured and vindictive set of knaves that ever were clothed with authority. They will do every thing to cheat you."
"Toussaint is gaining ground; and it is matter of doubt who will ultimately succeed."
"Agents have gone to the United States to encourage the shipments of lumber, provisions, &c. Do not depend upon them."
The Anthony Mangin lost one of her hands overboard named John Dyce, a native of Philadelphia.
March 13, spoke ship Favorite, of Portsmouth, (N. H.) from Dublin, bound to New-York, out 24 days, with a number of Passengers on board.
April 5, spoke the ship Caroline, Izzier Gordon master, of Portland, from Amsterdam bound to Philadelphia, out 30 days, had sprung his mainmast & in a leaky condition—The captain informed that there were a number of vessels lost in the Texel lately.
* By Mr. Giles.
† The other is the denial of the right of the courts to keep the legislature within its constitutional bounds which transgresses them inoperative.

April 9, spoke the brig North-Carolina, of and from Norfolk, bound to Havre-de-Grace, out 9 days.
April 12, spoke the ship Caroline, capt. Gibson, from this place bound to Amsterdam, out 6 days, all well.
Alexandria Advertiser.
WEDNESDAY, APRIL 28.
In the Senate of the United States. April 26th, 1802.
AN ACT Respecting the Police of the District of Columbia.
BE it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States, in Congress assembled, That the marshal of the district of Columbia be, and he hereby is, authorized and directed, with the approbation of the President of the United States, to cause a good and sufficient jail to be built within the city of Washington, and that a sum not exceeding ————— be, and the same hereby is, appropriated to that purpose, to be paid out of any unappropriated monies in the treasury.
And be it further enacted, That the body of a debtor shall not be taken in execution, within the said district, for any sum less than twenty dollars; but that in such cases, execution shall be on the effects of the debtor, and shall issue, by order of the justice who may take cognizance of the action, from the clerk's office, and shall be returned thereto: That all such executions be returnable on the first Monday in every month, and that the same, and also the warrants to bring the party before the justice, be directed to one of the constables, whose duty it shall be to obey the same: That each of the said constables shall give bond, with one sufficient surety, to be judged of by the marshal, for the faithful execution of the duties of his office, in the sum of five hundred dollars: That the clerk's fees for issuing and for filing the return of every such execution, shall be twenty-five cents; the constable's fee for service and return shall be fifty cents; and that a poundage of ten per cent. shall be allowed to the constable for every sum by him thereon levied.
And be it further enacted, That it shall be lawful for the President of the United States, to designate six of the justices, in each of the counties forming the said district, to be a board of police: That the said board shall consist of not less than six justices, and shall assemble, in the city of Washington, on the last Monday in May in each and every year, and close their session on or before the Saturday next following; they shall be presided by the marshal, who shall have a casting voice, and the minutes of their proceedings shall be kept by the clerk of the said district: That the said board be authorized to make, by and with the consent of the President of the United States, for the time being, all needful regulations of police; to prevent and remove nuisances; to prevent the introduction of contagious and infectious diseases; to establish night-watchmen, and erect lamps within the city of Washington; to regulate the stationing, anchorage and mooring of vessels; to provide for licensing and regulating chimney-sweepers, retailers of liquors, auctions, and hackney carriages; to regulate and establish markets, and inspection of tobacco, flour, and other commodities; to punish and expel vagrants and vagabonds, and to preserve the peace of the said district: That the stile of their acts shall be "By authority of the President of the United States, ordinance made on the advisement of the board of police." The said ordinances, signed by the President, shall be filed of record in the office of the clerk, who shall cause the same to be published in one, at least, of the gazettes of each of the said counties, for the space of three weeks: That the marshal, the clerk, and each justice, who may attend the board, shall be allowed the sum of three dollars per day, to be paid, by an order of the President on the account drawn by the clerk, and presented by the marshal, out of the contingent fund of the department of state: That it shall be lawful for the President of the United States, to cause the marshal to summon an extra meeting of the said board, at any time when in his opinion the same shall be necessary, and order, in like manner, the payment of three dollars per day to each attending member: That it shall be lawful for the said board, to present to the consideration of the judges of the said district,
any matter or thing touching or concerning which they may deem it necessary that a law should be passed by Congress for the said district; and if the law proposed shall, on due advisement, appear to the said judges convenient, proper and useful, to and for the District of Columbia, they shall certify the same thereon, and it shall be the duty of the marshal to present the same, by petition, to the House of Representatives, at the next meeting of Congress.
And be it further enacted, That nothing herein contained shall be so construed as in anywise to alter, abridge, or impair, the rights of any body corporate or politic within the said district.
In the House of Representatives of the United States yesterday, the House went into Committee of the whole—Mr. S. Smith in the chair—on the bill respecting the District of Columbia.
This bill vests certain chancery powers in the courts of the district—alters the periods of holding the courts, viz. for Washington county to be held in July and December; for Alexandria county in June and November—directs that no person shall be held to bail unless resident for two months in the territory—directs that no execution on the person of the debtor shall be issued for judgments under 20 dollars, but that all such process shall hereafter go against the effects of the debtor, executed by a constable, under reduced fees; gives to the corporation of George-town the power of taxing town-lots for specified purposes; repeals so much of acts of 1801, as provides for the compensation of jurors and witnesses, with other provisions.
The following, by the Anthony Magazine arrived at Baltimore, in addition to what we gave yesterday, is copied from the Federal Gazette:—
Other considerations than those mentioned, are stated to have also influenced the ministry in taking this decisive step:—France, from an apprehension perhaps that her fleets in the W. Indies would fall into the hands of her potent rival, should hostilities be renewed and viewed such an event as not remote, had dispatched orders for their immediate return to Europe—Several Spanish register ships, with large sums of specie were also on their way from South America—all which, if the deliberations at Amiens should be longer protracted, would arrive safe at their destined ports, and enable the chief consul to raise his tone, or break off the negotiation. To obviate this, the step already mentioned had been taken; orders for virtualising the channel fleet for a five months cruise had been sent to the various outports; and ten sail of the line with sealed orders, had been hastily despatched to sea. What the result of this may be, is beyond human foresight to determine...for, as the editor of a New York paper justly observes, "every incident attending the French revolutionary war, in its rise, in its progress, and in its termination, sets all common calculation at defiance. The unexpected preliminaries of an extraordinary peace, may only prove a short-lived truce...and a fresh eruption of the revolutionary volcano may again convulse and devastate the four quarters of the globe. Should the renewal of hostilities be probable, the event will soon reach America. Great-Britain may possibly find it necessary to resume a menacing posture, in order to stimulate the languid negotiations at Amiens, or to bring down if possible, the high and imposing tone, which French omnipotence has assumed."
Captain Dean, late master of the schr. Amelia, and a Mr. John Nelson, came to town yesterday from Providence (R. I.) where they arrived the 20th inst. in the brig Polly, Captain Applin, after a passage of 16 days from Turks Island. They inform, that on the 8th of April, in lat. 24, 30, long. 72, they spoke the English brig Brothers, capt Fisher, from Martinico to Nassau, with dispatches. They learned from the captain that about 4,000 troops had arrived at Martinico. Also a Packet, with dispatches from the English government, bringing with it the news that hostilities had actually re-commenced, in consequence of the British refusing to deliver up the Island of Trinidad.
These gentlemen inform, that the passages from Point Petre to Turks Island, were guarded with English cruizers.
A few days after they parted from the Brothers, they spoke a ship from Martinique to Norfolk; the wind blowing very fresh, they could not learn when she
left there; but on being asked what news they said they had none.
N. Y. Paper.
FROM THE GAZETTE OF THE U. STATES.
Extract of a letter from Washington to the editor of this Gazette, dated Friday, April 16.
"I observe in the official paper a paragraph beginning in these words:
The scene exhibited in the house of representatives on Tuesday and Wednesday, on the bill making provision for the whole of the public debt of the United States, was in some respects one of the most amusing, if not the most instructive, of the present session.
"I was present at the exhibition of this scene, and entirely agree with the editor of the official paper, that it was one of the most amusing of the present session. That you may participate in the amusement I enjoyed, I will endeavor to give you some idea of the parts of the scene which were most amusing to me.
"I was amused at seeing gentlemen with grave faces advocating a bill to provide for the redemption of the whole public debt, by authorizing the commissioners to reloan the whole of the foreign debt, as fast as the instalments shall become due, for six years, again to reloan those reloan upon the same terms, and so on ad infinitum, at every reloan increasing the debt by an allowance of five per cent. commissions, and besides that, authorising the commissioners, to employ an agent in Europe to negotiate these loans at a salary of 3000 dollars a year.
"I was amused at seeing another provision in the same bill authorizing the commissioners of the sinking fund, with the approbation of the president, to borrow 5,000,000 at home. This I am persuaded, was not understood by the ministerial party in the house. It was probably intended by the author of the bill that it should escape the notice of either side. It was however, discerned by the constitutionalists, and an amendment proposed to prevent a grant of such dangerous powers. The ministerialists appeared a little disconcerted, but not being willing to make a bill which they presumed had been well matured, before it was put into their hands, and evidently not comprehending the full import of it, they resolved, in committee of the whole, that it should stand as it was, and rejected the amendment by a large majority. But when it came before the house, and the yeas and nays were called for, some of the party, skunked back, and a proviso was adopted which may perhaps save the 5,000,000. According, however, to the construction given by Mr. Randolph, to the law of 1796, the commissioners are still vested with that power, notwithstanding the proviso.
"I was amused at seeing two fat offices created by this bill. One, an agency in Europe, at a salary of 3000 dollars, and an agency in this country for the purchase of bills or other remittances, with a commission amounting to 5000 dollars a year. Mr. Bayard moved to reduce this to 2,500 dollars, and gave, as his reason, that the business probably could not require more than two months in a year, and even then would demand but a partial attention. The ministerialists determined, however, that 5000 dollars would not be too much. Some persons present were amused by observing that general Smith of Baltimore, was not in his seat during this part of the discussion, and by reflecting that a rule of the house forbids any member to vote upon a question in which he is interested.
"It was amusing to see some of the ministerialists laboring under a contest between their understandings and their fidelity to the party. When the yeas and nays were called, upon the proviso intended to prevent the redemption of the whole public debt, by borrowing five millions of dollars, Mr. Bacon, who commonly argues upon both sides, actually voted upon both sides. He first gave his vote ministerially in the negative; and after sitting a few moments in apparent agitation, he rose and declared that he believed that side wrong, and begged that his vote might be counted in the affirmative, and he had leave to change it. Mr. Elmer of New-Jersey, when his name was called on another question answered, No—and after a few seconds, added, by way of salvo—"I believe not."
"It was amusing to find in Mr. Gallatin's letter to the committee of ways and means the following declaration: 'The
inconvenience of paying the large instalments of the Dutch debt, which fall due this and the ensuing years, is much increased by the obligation of discharging them abroad,' and to hear this declaration made use of as an argument for authorizing a reloan of these instalments; and at the same time to hear Mr. Randolph pronounce an elaborate encomium upon the superior zeal and skill of the present secretary of the treasury, for having actually paid the instalment of the present year in advance. The fact would seem to be, that the secretary had trusted general Smith and Mr. Randolph with the secret of his having purchased bills and advanced the instalment at a time when every body knows that bills have been below par, and that such a remittance could be made with perfect ease, and yet that he intended to make an impression upon the legislature, and upon the country, of the extreme 'inconvenience' of making such a remittance, and consequently of the necessity of a power to reloan the amount of the instalment, and of giving some favorite 3000 dollars a year for doing it, and 5000 to some one else for purchasing bills. Whether Mr. Gallatin supposed that by reloaning the amount of this instalment, which is 2,300,000 dollars, he should be enabled, without inconvenience, to afford supplies to the French fleet, and whether the five millions of dollars more proposed to be borrowed in this country were designed for the same purpose, are questions which I will not undertake to solve—I am not in the secrets of the cabinet. Whatever might have been the intention, general Smith let out the secret, that the instalment of this year was in reality paid, and of course, that there could be no such mighty 'inconvenience' in paying it as the secretary wished to have supposed. The consequence of this information, thus indiscreetly divulged, was, that many supposed, if the instalment of this year could, with so much ease, be paid in advance, there could be no very urgent necessity for giving 5000 dollars to purchase bills for the next, nor 3000 for procuring a reloan of it.
"I pass over many circumstances which were amusing to the spectator, but which would not be equally so in narration, and come to the concluding scene at the final passing of the bill.
"When the title was read, and the question was about to be taken upon it. Mr. T. Morris rose and proposed to amend it, by striking out the words, "A bill making provision for the redemption of the whole of the public debt," and inserting in the lieu of them, the words, "A bill making certain provisions in relation to the public debt." Mr. Dennis of Maryland moved to add to the amendment proposed, the words "And authorizing a reloan of part thereof." To this Mr. Morris agreed. In favor of the amendment it was remarked, that the title was a very splendid one: that it promised a great deal more than was to be found in the bill; and consequently, that it was calculated to mislead and deceive. That in fact no new system was adopted by the passage of the bill, and that under the operation of it the government could do no more than they were authorized and even obligated to do before. That the provisions of the bill were various and contrariant in their operation, and in short, that the title proposed was an accurate description of the bill. The question on amending was taken by yeas and nays and lost—yeas 26, nays 42. What a glorious thing it would be if congress would pass a law enabling us to redeem the whole of our private debts in the same way!"
PORT OF ALEXANDRIA.
CLEARED.
Brig Franklin, Grant, W. Indies. Jane, Mudge, Liverpool. Sch'r Sally, Jenckes, Providence. Sloop Harmony, Ellwood, Philadelphia.
Public Notice.
ALL persons concerned are requested to exhibit their claims, charged up to the first of May next—at which time the present Overseers of the Poor for the county of Alexandria, will exhibit their accounts to a special Levy Court, which will be summoned to take cognizance of their transactions for the term which they were appointed. In behalf, PHILIP WANTON.
April 28.
d3t
Clean linen and cotton rags bought at this office.

STOLEN
From the subscriber, living in Orange county, within one mile of the Orange Spring, Virginia, on Tuesday the 20th init. a rusty black Horse , with a blaze face and bob tail, branded I. S. one hind foot white, about 4 feet 10 1/2 inches high. The person who took him, John Clark , a tailor by trade, is about 40 years of age, a small man with a dark complexion, his left arm is crooked, occasioned by its having been broke in the joint. Twenty Dollars reward will be paid to any person who will deliver the horse to me at Orange Spring. JAMES COOPER. April 26. eo5t
Ten Dollars Reward.
RAN AWAY from the sloop Polly and Betty, capt. R. James, on Sunday last, the 25th init. a negro fellow named Daniel , about 16 years of age; he is a coal black, and has a great impediment in his speech; five feet six inches high; had on, when he went away, a large blue jacket with canvas elbows. Whoever takes up said Daniel and secures him in any jail, so that the subscribers can get him, shall receive the above reward. All masters of vessels are requested not to employ or take him away. J. and J. H. TUCKER. April 26. eo2w
GUNPOWDER.
Baltimore Bellona Gunpowder , by the quarter cask. Also, Refined Salt Petre , by the quarter cwt. or larger quantity. A constant supply of those articles from the Manufactory, will be kept for sale on the lowest terms, by LAWRASON & SMOOT. April 8. eo6m
JUST RECEIVED,
A COMPLETE ASSORTMENT OF GLASS,
Consisting of elegant cut quart and pint decanters, goblets, tumblers and wine glasses, to match; plain half pint, pint and quart tumblers; do. quart, pint and half pint decanters, which will be sold by the box, or by retail, on moderate terms. Also, Gentlemens' fine black Hats of a superior quality, do. white with green unders, childrens' fine do. of every colour, and a quantity of well assorted, low priced wool hats, by the box or by retail. JOSHUA RIDDLE. April 19. eo
FOR SALE,
PART of lot No. 5, in square 224, in the City of Washington. It is situate between Rhodes's tavern and the Commissioner's office, fronting 21 feet 7 inches on North F. street, and running back 75 feet—few situations in the City of Washington are equal to this for a store or any public business. ALSO, FOR SALE, A lot adjoining the above property, directly north of it, fronting 21 feet 7 inches on North G. street, and running 75 feet back. If this property is not disposed of at private sale before the 3d day of May next, it will on that day, be offered at public sale at Rhodes's tavern, in said City, at 11 o'clock, A. M. For terms apply to JEREMIAH CONNOR , at Semmes's tavern, Georgetown. April 10. eo6tt
A valuable piece of Ground
for sale, containing near one quarter of a square, laying on Duke and Pitt-streets, either together or in lots as may suit the purchaser, on which a liberal credit will be given. ALSO—A few barrels of Tar, Flour in barrels or half barrels, Cash given for Wheat, either at my Mill or Store in this place. WM. HARTSHORNE. 3d Month, 23d. eo
Dissolution of Partnership.
The Partnership of WM. OXLEY, & Co. being dissolved by mutual consent; all persons having claims against said firm, are requested to present them for settlement to WM. OXLEY , and all those indebted to make payments to him, being duly authorized to receive the same. WM. OXLEY.  THOMAS CLARKE. The business in future will be carried on by WM. Oxley. April 15. eo10t
An apprentice wanted.
Sanctioned by the Mayor and Commonality.
THE subscriber having commenced numbering the houses, and designating the streets in Alexandria, a work previously necessary to the compilation of his Directory, which, as he doubts not but that adequate encouragement will be given by a liberal public, shall contain as great variety of useful subject-matter as any publication of the kind, in any seaport of equal magnitude in the union. In order to effect his plan, and render the work worthy the notice of its patrons, the editor will spare no pains or on his part. CHAS. H. SIMMONS. April 23. eo
R. & J. GRAY
Have for Sale, wholesale and retail, at their Book and Stationary Store, in King Street, between Royal and Fairfax streets, the following articles, on which a liberal deduction will be made to those who purchase to sell again:
Novels, Romances, &c.
The Beggar Girl , a novel in three vols. by Mrs. Benner; Devalcourt , by do. Girl of the Mountains, a novel in 2 vols. by Mrs. Parsons; St. Leon , or a Tale of the XVIth Century, a novel in 2 vols. by Wm. Godwin, Children of the Abbey, a tale, 4 vols. bound in 2, by Regina Maria Roche, Vicar of Langdown , 2 vols. in one by do. Maid of the Hamlet , 2 vols. in one, by do. Nocturnal Visit , a novel, in 2 vols. by do. Spirit of the Castle , by William C. Proby, Vagabond , by George Walker, Mordaunt , by Dr. Moore, The Armenian , or Ghost of Seer , a history founded on facts, 2 vols. from the German of Schiller, Charlotte Temple , a Tale of Truth, by Mrs. Rowson, 2 vols. in one, Adventures of Gaudencia di Lucca , the Abbess, a romance by W. H. Ireland, the avowed author of the Shakespeare papers, &c. &c. in 3 vols. the Fool of Quality , or the History of Henry Earl of Moreland, in 3 vols. by Mr. Brooke, Royal Captives , a Fragment of Secret History, by Ann Yearsley, a Tale of the Times, a novel by the author of the Gossip's Story , in 2 vols.
Miscellanies.
Epitome of the History of Europe from the reign of Charlemagne to the beginning of the reign of George III. 8vo. Beauties of Nature delineated, or Philosophical and Pious Contemplations on the Works of Nature; and the Seasons of the Year, selected from Sturm's Reflections; Life and Writings of the late Dr. Benjamin Franklin, Impial's Farnery , Blossoms of Morality , Sandford and Merton , Constitutions of the United States with the latest amendments, to which are prefixed, the Declaration of Independence and the Federal Constitution with the amendments; Junius's Letters , complete in one vol. with a copious index; Letters of Themistocles , with an appendix, containing a Character of Dr. Franklin, and Remarks on his Life, written by himself; Vocal Medley , a new Collection of fashionable, modern Songs; American Songster ; Patriotic Medley ; Watts's Psalms and Hymns ; Methodist hymns and spiritual Songs ; Newton's Olney Hymns ; Common Prayer Books in plain and Morocco binding.
School Books.
Bibles , Testaments , Scott's Lessons , Murray's English Reader ; Introduction to the English Reader; Sequel to do. Young Gentlemen and Ladies' Monitor ; Entick's Dictionary ; Platner's Columbian Orator ; Websiter's Institutes , containing his Spelling Book, or 1st part, Grammar or 2d part, and Selection in Reading , or 3d part; Dilworth's Spelling Book ; Columbian do. Child's Guide ; American Primer ; Columbian do. Dr. Lowth's English Grammar ; Ashe's Introduction to do. Philadelphia Latin do. Clark's Introduction to Latin ; Mair's, do. do. Clarke's Erasmus ; d. Corderii; Rudiman's Rudiments of the Latin Tongue ; American Tutor's Assistant ; Dilworth's Schoolmaster's do. Mrs. Barbauld's Lessons's and Hymns for Children ; Juvenile Magazine to be continued monthly.
Chap Books.
Prompter; Aladdin , or the Wonderful Lamp, Mother Goose's Tales ; Trojan War , Gulliver Reviv'd ; Laugh and be Fat ; Hocus Pocus ; Divine Emblems ; Letter Writer ; Spanish Rogues Religious Courtship ; Conquest of Mexico ; Buck's Companion ; Youthful Jester's Cheap Repository .
Stationary.
Lead Inkstands with glass holders; Pocket do. Morocco Pocket Books assorted; Playing Cards; red and black Inkpowder; Wafers by the pound or oz. Letter Paper of different qualities; Foolscap writing paper; Quills and Slates, lead and slate Pencils; and a general assortment of
Blank Books,
consisting of Ledgers, Journals, Day Books, Invoice, Waste and Cash Books, Cyphering and Copy Books; Copper plate Copy Lines large and small hand
Bookbinding,
Of every description, executed with neatness and dispatch. Merchants' account books ruled and bound to any pattern at the shortest notice.
Wanted,
One or two boys of good connection, between 12 and 14 years of age, as apprentices to the bookbinding business. April 20. d
Wanted,
ABOUT 200 WHARF LOGS, delivered at the Eastern Branch Ferry—For which a generous price will be given, if delivered agreeably to a contract to be entered into. Apply to JAMES O'BRIEN. City of Washington.
George-Town, Port-Tobacco, and Leonard-Town MAIL STAGES.
THE subscribers respectfully inform the public, they have extended the George-Town and Port-Tobacco line of Stages to Leonard-Town: and that after the first instant, it will leave the Indian King tavern, George-Town, every Monday and Friday, at 7 o'clock, A. M. and Thompson's Inn, Leonard-Town, every Monday and Friday morning, at 4 o'clock, meet at Pye's tavern, Port-Tobacco, and return to their respective places on Tuesdays and Saturdays. Fare for each passenger, with an allowance of 20lbs. baggage, from George-Town to Port-Tobacco, three dollars and fifty cents; from Port-Tobacco to Leonard-Town, three dollars—extra baggage to pay at the rate of a passenger for 15lbs. weight. All baggage to be at the risk of the owner.
It is hoped that this undertaking will meet with the approbation and support of the public in general, and particularly the gentlemen of Leonard-Town, Port-Tobacco, Piscataway and the neighbourhood of those places, when they are assured that there are arrangements made with the proprietors of the Baltimore and Frederick-Town stages, to ensure them a passage in either without delay, by their obedient servants, JOSEPH SEMMES, JAMES THOMPSON.
N. B. The subscriber begs leave to acquaint his friends and the public in general, and particularly the gentlemen of the Northern Neck of Virginia, that he has extended the line of stages from this place as far as Hooe's Ferry, to run twice a week, viz. leave the Ferry every Tuesday and Saturday morning, and return on Monday and Friday evening.
Those gentlemen wishing to travel, may depend on finding good drivers and handsome accommodations on the road from the Ferry to this place, and will always be sure of a conveyance on the days above-mentioned, during all the month of April, and if sufficient encouragement offers, will be continued by their obedient humble servant, JOSEPH SEMMES.
George-Town, April 5. 1aw4t
THE SUBSCRIBER, Contemplating a removal from the District of Columbia, as soon as he can close his out standing concerns, OFFERS FOR SALE, THE FOLLOWING Very valuable Property.
One undivided half of a FARM adjoining the Great Falls of Potomac, on which is a good House, a new Barn, and some excellent Meadows. Also, a FORGE, 50 by 60 feet, covered with tin, and a Coal and Iron House, situated on the Canal made by the Potomac Company, and the right of cutting the wood for 900 years on a large parcel of land adjoining—much of this wood is convenient to the river, and may be readily transported to Georgetown, the Federal City, or this place. The other half may be purchased.
Three Eighths of about eleven hundred acres of LAND, in Berkeley county, adjoining the lands of the United States, at Keep Tryde Furnace and Harper's Ferry—more than half of it is in wood, and the remainder good farming land. The other five-eighths may also be purchased.
An undivided moiety of 36 acres of LAND in the Common of Alexandria and adjoining the town, chiefly under fence of cedar posts and chestnut rails.
A large and handsome Brick DWELLING HOUSE, 50 by 40 feet, with a brick Stable, Smoke House, and Well of excellent water—The Garden and Yard paled in—The House is not quite finished. It will be sold either in its present state, or finished as may suit the purchaser.
A number of LOTS on the new wharf, made by Mr. Herbert, Mr. Wilson, and the subscriber, between Fairfax street and the river Potomac; and, also, the division of the said wharf, made from Mr. Thompson's by a 20 feet street.
An undivided half of a LOT in the west side of Fairfax street, above Queen street, on which the house was burnt last winter. For particulars, respecting titles and terms, which will be liberal both as to price and credit, apply to JOHN POTTS. Alexandria, Oct. 17. 1aw7t
THOMAS WHITE, BLACKSMITH, ACQUAINTS his Friends and Customers that he has removed his Workshop to Union Street, between Prince & Duke Streets, where they can be accommodated with all kinds of Smiths' Work, in the most punctual and expeditious manner.
PROPOSALS, By G. F. HOPKINS, No. 118, Pearl Street, New-York, For publishing by Subscription, In two handsome octavo volumes, THE FEDERALIST, ON THE NEW CONSTITUTION, BY PUBLIUS. WRITTEN IN 1788. TO WHICH IS ADDED, PACIFICUS, ON THE Proclamation of Neutrality, WRITTEN IN 1793. The whole revised and corrected, with new passages and notes.
THE FEDERALIST was written in a series of numbers, under the signature of Publius, shortly after the promulgation of the Federal Constitution, and addressed to the People of the State of New-York, with the design of enforcing the propriety and necessity of its adoption.
It is principally the production of a man whose name will be held in sacred respect long after the pitiful attempts which have been made to slander his fame shall have sunk into oblivion. Two other gentlemen, of distinguished talents, occasionally contributed some essays, which will be marked in the publication.*
All parties seem at length united in professions of regard for the Constitution; if they are sincere, the consideration cannot fail to enhance the value of a work, which, by employing in its favor all the energy of argument, and all the persuasion of eloquence, was eminently useful in promoting its general ratification.
Whoever is desirous of being well informed of the principles and provisions of our Government, and the manner in which they have been proposed and vindicated, of the objections that were made to the Constitution by its first opponents, and how they were answered, will find these volumes fraught with ample and satisfactory instruction. The study of them must form an essential part of the education of the American statesman. Politicians, indeed, of every country, will here discover materials in the science of Government most worthy of their attention; science, of all others, the most interesting to mankind, as it most deeply concerns human happiness. The Federalist contains principles that may be remembered and studied with advantage by all classes of men in other countries than our own; and in other ages than that in which we live. The People of America alone have afforded the example of a pure Representative Republic. In this work it will appear, that the principles of this form of Government have been well understood, and thoroughly developed, and should, unfortunately, the experiment which we have made, hereafter fail, it will be in vain to attempt the renewal of similar systems, as no rational hope can be entertained, that more correct notions on this subject will prevail than are here exhibited.
To preserve these papers, therefore, which have so much intrinsic merit, and such lasting utility, in a dress suitable to their character, is the inducement to their re-publication.
PACIFICUS is from the pen of the famous lightened statesman who was the chief author of the Federalist. These Essays were written in defence of the first leading step which our Government took to preserve that Neutrality which continued to maintain during the late Transatlantic conflict; a conflict which has annihilated the minor powers of Europe, and shaken the civilized world.
Now that the storm has passed over, and the angry and tumultuous passions which at that time agitated our country, have in some measure subsided, these papers will be read with profit and pleasure by the intelligent man of every party. Censor will probably wonder, that any should have doubted of the fitness of the measures which this writer has so ably advocated, and which experience has so forcibly proved to have been the best adapted to the interests of the country.
To give to these latter Essays a form which shall outlive the fleeting impressions of a newspaper, they are incorporated in these volumes. Publius and Pacificus will serve to keep in remembrance two very important events in the history of our country.
* The first gentleman here alluded to is General Hamilton—the other two, Mr. Madison and Mr. Jay.
CONDITIONS.
I. The Work shall be put to press immediately after 400 subscribers are obtained, and finished with the utmost expedition. II. Where practicable, the books shall be forwarded, free of expence, to those places as may be designated, and a person appointed to deliver them. III. It shall be printed on a superior medium paper, with a neat type, handsomely bound and lettered, and delivered to subscribers at Two Dollars a volume. To non-subscribers the price will be enhanced. IV. Subscribers to pay, where convenient, one dollar in advance. Subscriptions received at the Office of the Alexandria Advertiser, and by the different Booksellers in Alexandria. New-York, January, 1802.
PRINTED DAILY BY S. SNOWDEN & Co.