The national intelligencer and Washington advertiser. (Washington City [D.C.]), 1805-05-24 00:00:00

NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER, AND WASHINGTON ADVERTISER.
Vol. V.
WASHINGTON CITY, PRINTED BY SAMUEL HARRISON SMITH PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE.
NO. DCCXXII.
FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM.
FRIDAY MAY 24th, 1805.
PAID IN ADVANCE
IMPEACHMENT
OF
JUDGE CHASE.
THURSDAY, February 21, 1805.
The court was opened at 10 a. m. Present, the Managers, attended by the House of Representatives in com- mittee of the whole: and The counsel of judge Chase.
MR. CAMPBELL, in continuation.
I will now proceed, as well as my in- disposition will permit, to examine in a brief manner the second part of the subject, containing the several charges founded on the trial of Callender, at Richmond, as stated in the second, third, and fourth articles of the impeachment. I will consider these several articles in the order in which the transactions on which they are founded took place in court. In order to ascertain the mo- tives that actuated the judge, in this whole transaction, it will only be ne- cessary to view his conduct as proved, so far as the same relates to this subject, previous to the trial. The first account we have of the intended prosecution, or I might say persecution, of Callender, is at Annapolis. Here the judge received the famous book, called the Prospect Before Us, upon which the prosecution was founded; and here the determina- tion was formed to convict and punish Callender. The respondent said he would take the book with him to Rich- mond; that the libelous parts had been marked by Mr. Martin, and that before he returned he would teach the lawyers of Virginia to know the difference be- tween the liberty and licentiousness of the press; and, that if the common- wealth of Virginia was not totally de- prived, if there was a jury of honest men to be found in the state, he would punish Callender before he returned from Richmond. This is the evidence of Mr. Mason, nearly in his own words, and no person will pretend to doubt its correctness. What language could be used, that would more clearly show the partiality and predetermination of the judge to punish Callender, and the spirit of persecution by which he was actuated. Again, on his way to Richmond, according to the evidence of Mr. Trip- lett, the judge reviles the object of his intended vengeance; states his surprise and regret, that he had not been hang- ed in Virginia; remarks that the Unit- ed States had shown too much lenity to such renegades; and after arriving at Richmond, informs the respondent, he was afraid they would not be able to get the damn'd rascal that court. Thus evincing, in every stage of this business, that intolerant spirit of oppression and vengeance, that seems to have given spring to all his actions. After the in- dictment is found against Callender, the panel of the petit jury is presented to the judge, he inquires if he had any of the creatures called democrats, on that panel, directs the marshal to examine it, and if there were any such on it, to strike them off. This is the evidence of Mr. Heath, whose character and standing in society are known to many of the members of this hon. court. And though his evidence is opposed by the negative declarations of Mr. Randolph, who affirms, that he did not present the panel of the jury to the judge, or re- ceive such directions; yet I conceive the court will give more weight to the affirmative declarations of Mr. Heath, with regard to these facts, than to the negative assertions of Mr. Randolph, who may have forgotten the transaction. This point rests upon the integrity and veracity of Mr. Heath. He could not receive the impression of these facts, unless the transaction had taken place; he could not reasonably be mistaken; the affair was new and extraordinary, and must have arrested his attention; and in this case there is no ground to make allowance for a treacherous memory; for it is not pretended that the witness, Mr. Heath, has forgot the facts, but that they never existed. If you do not, therefore, believe the statement he makes, it must follow that you admit the witness has wilfully and corruptly stated a falsehood; this I presume will not be admitted; but on the other hand, Mr. Randolph may have forgotten the transaction, in the bustle of business, and this will account for the difference in the evidence of the witnesses without impeaching the veracity of either; this mode of reconciling the evidence is a
agreeable to the rules of law. I take the facts, therefore, as stated by Mr. Heath, to be correct, and they afford an instance of judicial depravity hitherto unequalled and unknown in our coun- try; a direct attempt to pack a jury of the same political sentiments with the judge, to try the defendant. This is a faint representation of the previous con- duct of the judge, relative to this subject, before whom the defendant was about to be tried; or rather before whom he was to be called for certain conviction and punishment; for it ought not to be dignified with the name of a trial. With this view, therefore, of the tem- per and disposition of the judge, and of his previous conduct on this occasion, we will examine the first important step taken in the trial, in which the designs of the judge begin more clearly to un- fold themselves, viz. his refusal to post- pone or continue the trial until the next term, on an affidavit regularly filed, stat- ing the absence of material witnesses and the places of their residence, being the second charge in the fourth article. It is admitted by the respondent, in his answer, that an affidavit was filed, which he exhibits to the court, and a motion made thereupon by the counsel of Callender to continue his cause for trial until the next term; and it is prov- ed by the evidence of Mr. Hay and Mr. Nicholas, that as counsel for Callender, they insisted for a continuance of the case, on the grounds stated in the affi- davit, and also on other grounds; that they were not prepared to argue the law arising in the case, for want of time to examine the subject, and that the de- fendant was not, by the laws of Vir- ginia, bound to come to trial that term. Here it may be proper to show what are the grounds for a continuance known in law, and to inquire whether those stated in the affidavit come within the decisions heretofore made in courts of justice. On this subject I will refer the court to one authority only, but one equally respectable with any that can be produced on criminal law. Foster Cr. Law, page 2 and 3. Here Mr. Campbell read the case at length, and then observed, that this decision took place in a country where criminal law is executed with as much rigor as in any in the world where there is the shadow of liberty; and yet the affidavit filed in this case, upon which a continuance was granted, only states the absence of ma- terial witnesses and the places of their abode; the defendants were not required to state the facts that those witnesses would prove. In ordinary cases the courts do not require this, and in many cases it would be impossible for the de- fendant to know all that a witness could give in evidence; nor is the defendant bound, except in extraordinary cases, to disclose the evidence that his witnesses, who are absent, can give, as it might endanger his defence and give an advan- tage to the prosecutor, if so disposed, to procure evidence, whether true or false, to controvert that of the defendant. The court in the case cited was held by a special commission from the crown, for the purpose of trying offenders for crimes of the deepest die, and such as are punished in that country with the utmost rigor; yet the court continued the cases of those defendants for such a length of time, as was deemed sufficient to procure their witnesses according to the distances at which they resided. There were in this case no stated terms to which the court could adjourn and continue the cause; they, therefore, fixed upon a reasonable time and ad- journed over to such day, in order to enable the defendants to prepare for trial; and it was observed by the court in that case as an additional ground for continuance, that the indictments had not been found until the court sat, and that, therefore, the defendants had not time to prepare for trial. This was the case with Callender; he had no notice of this prosecution until after the indict- ment was found, and during the same term; he, therefore, could not have had time to prepare for his trial. The affi- davit he filed was stronger and much more full than that in the case cited; it states the absence of a number of wit- nesses, whose evidence the respondent de- clares material to his defence. This would be sufficient to authorize a conti- nuance upon a first application, and more ought not to have been required; but the affidavit goes further, and states the substance, as far as the defendant knew, of the evidence the witnesses could give; and also states the want of papers and books, material to the defence, that could not be obtained without allowing a considerable time to procure them. What more could be stated in an affi- dit, for a continuance on the ground of
want of testimony, by any defendant who wished to adhere to the truth? Yet a continuance is refused; and the judge states in his answer as the princi- pal cause of such refusal, that the evi- dence of all the witnesses stated in the affidavit to be wanting, would not prove the truth of all the charges in the indict- ment, and would not, therefore, make a complete justification if procured; and enters into an examination of the charg- es and evidence to prove this position. This excuse of the accused is founded on a train of the most fallacious and sophistical reasoning that can be re- futed, and is no more than a groundless apology, by which, it possible, to evade the true question, and avoid the odium that ought and must attach to such a transaction. It is not denied by the judge that the absent witnesses would prove in part the charges in the indict- ment; but he says it ought to appear, they could prove the whole. By this rule, in order to obtain a continuance, the party must show to the court the whole of the evidence necessary to sup- port his case, and the judge is to com- pare the evidence with the charges, and must be satisfied that it is sufficient to cover the whole of the case, or he will not grant a continuance; this doctrine is too absurd to require a refutation; it would destroy all the benefit that could arise to parties from the right, so well established in law, of continuing causes upon affidavit of absent material wit- nesses; and subject the right to a fair and impartial trial, to the mere arbitrary will of a judge, who would thus assume the right to weigh the evidence wanted, and measure its materiality by his pre- judice against the party; this would in fact, tend in many instances to destroy the trial by jury, and reduce it to a mere form without substance; for the party could not state on oath all that his witnesses could prove, once in a hundred times. But the answer states that the court proposed to postpone the trial for a month, and some of the witnesses go further than the accused himself and say for six weeks; and this is relied upon as showing the disposition of the judge to accommodate the defendant. This is a pretext to accommodate that could an- swer the defendant no valuable purpose. The absent witnesses resided at such great distances, that most of them could not be procured in that time, and this the judge well knew. He even states in his answer, that they lived at such great distances as left no reasonable ground to believe they could be procured at the succeeding term, being six months, and yet pretends that one month or six weeks would be sufficient. But here I must notice, that it is remarkable the counsel for the defendant never heard of this proposed postponement; and I must therefore conclude it was not seriously made; but if it was it only proves that the judge was determined to try Callen- der himself, and would not, therefore, on any ground whatever, continue the cause to a succeeding term, at which he was not to be present. He had before deter- mined to punish Callender, and could not trust his case to the management of any other judge. This is of a piece with the rest of his conduct on this oc- casion, and presents this honorable court and the world with an instance of the most flagrant abuse of common justice, under the sacred sanction of administering the law for the correction of offend- ers.
The next charge which I propose to examine is contained in the second article of the impeachment, and consists in the judge's overruling the objection of John Basset, one of the jury, who wished to be excused from serving on the trial of Callender, because he had made up his mind as to the book from which the words charged to be libelous in the in- dictment had been drawn. The consti- tution secures to defendants charged with crimes, the right of a trial by an impar- tial jury; any thing, therefore, that goes to show that a man has made up an opinion with regard to the guilt or in- nocence of the accused, or with regard to the matter in question, or decided it in his own mind, proves him to be dis- qualified to serve as a juror, because it proves he is not impartial, has a bias upon his mind, and cannot be said to be indifferent. The same doctrine is sup- ported by the laws of England. In or- der to show this, I will refer the court to 3 Bac. Ab. (new ed.) 756, and also G. Litt. 158; where it is stated, if a juror has declared his opinion, touching the matter in question, &c. or has done any thing by which it appears that he cannot be indifferent or impartial, &c. these are principal causes of challenge, and therefore such juror would be dis- qualified. Here it is manifest, that tho'
declaring an opinion is good cause of challenge to a juror, if it is not necessary he should declare such opinion in order to disqualify him; it is sufficient that he has done something, whether making up an opinion, or doing any act whatever, by which it appears he is not indifferent, is not perfectly impartial. The objection, therefore, made to Basset as a juror, ought to have been sustained, and he ought to have been excused from serving on the jury, upon two grounds. First, because he had made up an opinion with regard to the matter of the charge against Callender. This is proved by the evi- dence of Basset himself, who says, he had seen in a newspaper, extracts stated in the publication to have been taken from the Prospect Before Us; and he stated to the court on the trial, that he had made up his opinion, that those ex- tracts were seditious, and that the author of the book called the Prospect Before Us, or that from which these extracts were taken, was within the sedition act, and therefore punishable under it. It was at the time notorious and well known that Callender was the author of the Prospect Before Us; it was equally notorious and known, that the indict- ment against him was founded on that book; and Mr. Basset stated, he had no reason to doubt that the extracts were taken from that book as stated in the papers. It is not, therefore, clear, that forming an opinion with regard to the extracts, was forming an opinion with regard to the matter charged as libelous in the indictment? No reasonable doubt can exist on this point, and though Mr. Basset did not hear the indictment read, as the court refused to permit it to be read until the jury were sworn, a measure under such circumstances as extraordi- nary as it was new; yet he knew the sub- ject matter it contained as well as if he had heard it. The opinion, therefore, that he had made up his mind on this subject, clearly proves he was not indis- ferent, was not impartial; he had decided the guilt of Callender, in fact, in his own mind, and could not be expected to shake off the effect of such prejudication. He was, therefore, according to the con- stitution, and the law already cited, dis- qualified from being a juror, having done an act that showed he was not indis- ferent, was not impartial, and ought of course to have been excused from serving on the jury. He ought also to have been rejected as a juror on a second ground; because he had not only made up an opinion on the matter in question, but had declared that opinion in public. It is proved by the evidence of Mr. Basset himself, as well as by that of Mr. Hay and Mr. Nicholas, and also by that of Mr. Robinson, that when he was asked whether he had formed and deliver- ed an opinion upon the charge in the in- dictment, he stated, that although he had never heard the indictment read, yet he had formed an opinion that the author of the Prospect Before Us was within the sedition act. This, as has been al- ready insisted upon, was the same as forming an opinion upon the charges in the indictment, as he knew the indict- ment was founded upon that book; and this opinion, which he had formed, he then declared in open court, in the hear- ing of all by-standers, and before he was sworn as a juror. This was, therefore, according to the rule laid down by the judge and the question he declared pro- per to be asked, a complete disqualifica- tion of Mr. Basset from serving as a juror on that trial. For he had formed and delivered an opinion on the matter in question. And what difference could it make, whether such opinion was deli- vered a minute or an hour before the juror was sworn on the trial, or a week, or a month before? Certainly the ef- fect on his mind must be the same, and he must be equally unfit to serve as a juror in either case. On both of these grounds, therefore, Mr. Basset ought certainly to have been rejected from serving as a juror on the trial of Callen- der; and this is so glaring an innovation on the impartiality of trial by jury, (the security of our rights and great bulwark of our liberties,) that when taken in con- nection with the rest of the judge's con- duct, it strongly evinces an overbearing disposition, that would not stop at the use of any means, however unjust and illegal, to obtain a desired object. He had told the marshal, if he had on his list of jurors any creatures called democrats, to strike them off. He, therefore, knew the political sentiments of those who were called as jurors, to be favorable to his wishes, as no doubt his direction was pursued. Mr. Basset had declared his opinion, that the author of the Prospect Before Us was within the sedition law who was notoriously known to be Callender. He therefore knew the senti-
ments of the juror; knew he must be disposed to convict the defendant, and for this reason he would not excuse him from serving on the trial, but would per- vert the meaning of the law to make it subservient to his own views.
(To be continued.)
Foreign Intelligence.
LEGISLATIVE BODY.
PRESIDENCY OF MR. FONTANES.
Sitting of the 21st February.
The order of the day was read for the discussion of the bill presented on the 21st Pluviôse, concerning the fi- nances of the year 13.
Mr. Arnoult, orator of the section of finances, investigated the bill under these four points of view: 1. The di- visors distribution of funds anterior to the current year. 2. The expenses of the political establishment during the year 13. 3. The ways and means, or the receipts in the year 13. 4. The present views of an loan and fore- cast for the year 14—he successively presented under these heads, all the gen- eral and particular reflections made by the section of the finances of the Tribu- nate. We shall notice the second and third heads, as being the most important ones.
Expences of the Political Establishment during the year 13.
The expences of the political estab- lishment is fixed by Art. VIII. IX and X. C. p. IV. of the pre- sent bill, at a sum for the year 13, of 684,000,000 fr.
The general amount of the expences, for the year 12, with the aug- mentation which has been accounted for, is 762,000,000
Whence it follows that the expence of the politi- cal establishment in the year 13, is less than that of the year 12, by 78,000,000
Mr. Arnoult then examined in what proportion the different branches of pub- lic service are diminished. "Such a diminution," said he, "which leaves to our means of defence against the enemy their full activity, a diminution from which the service of no administration nor any interior amelioration will suffer, a diminution which exists after our con- sideration abroad has been insured by a formidable establishment of land and sea forces, by means of the abundance of the ordinary and extraordinary re- ceipts of the year 12, such a diminution forms the completest eulogy of the cre- ative and reflective genius of the nation of the French empire. The section of the finances of the Tribunate cannot, therefore, but congratulate itself on sub- mitting to the approbation of the Leg- islative Body, Cap. IV. of the present bill, which exhibits such a glorious, and at the same time economical employment of the public taxes."
Mr. Arnoult presented the ways and means, or receipts of the year 13.
The following is the estimate presented by the accounts of the minister of finances, with regard to the effective produce of the year 12, and to the cir- cumstances which must have an influ- ence upon the same returns during the year 13.
Ordinary Revenues.
Land, personal and sumptuary taxes, tax on moveables, additional centimes for fixed expenses, paid into the public treasury, doors, windows and patents, amounting in all to 290,160,678 fr.
Regie of enregister- ment, domains and nation- al woods, custom- houses, lotteries, united duties, mint, divers acci- dental receipts upon esti- mates, 281,448,522
Total of the ordinary re- venues, 579,318,200
Extraordinary Receipts.
Portion of interest on the pub- lic debt of the ci-de- vant Pied- mont, re- imbursable by the Ita- lian repub- lic, 3,000,000 fr.

  Anterior taxes in the year 9, 3,000,000   Securities of receivers general and particular appraisers, notaries, bailiffs of the tribunals, attorneys, huis-siers, charge brokers & those persons employed in the regie of united duties, 26,000,000   Sale of domains, 20,000,000   Exterior means, 22,000,000   84,000,000   One tenth, as in the year 12, upon the land tax, 20,690,500   104,690,500   Total, equal to the ways and means, in the year 13, 684,000,000 
The fourth head relates to ameliorations projected for the year 14; and will rise from a definitive organization of public instruction, and upon the organization of the regie of the united duties.
Mr. Arnould then concluded his speech by the following observations:—
“The section of the finances of the tribunal feels a satisfaction in proclaiming the perfect accord which subsists between the prerogative of the throne and the right of the legislative power, at a moment when acclamations welcomed, by the tribunate, have elevated to the empire the great Napoleon. Yes, gentlemen, this is the first time since that memorable period, that you are called on to seal with the legislative power the alliance of the throne under the fourth dynasty, with the free and annual votes of supplies. It is in this chart of emancipation of the property and industry of Frenchmen that consists the guarantee of the glory and duration of the dynasty of the Bonaparte's, who have conquered our hearts in as much as they have cemented our rights.
“Gentlemen, I believe I have clearly stated to you that the present bill regulates the distribution of the returns anterior to the year 13; and provides for the urgent expenses of war, by sufficient receipts to keep up such a formidable establishment by land and sea as cannot fail of giving weight to future negotiations for peace.
“Lastly, you will not fail to remark that the concluding heads of the bill will be the means of conducting the financial administration towards a system of amelioration gradually progressive.
“The section of finances of the tribunate, educated by these considerations propose to the legislative body, the adoption of the present bill.”
No orator from the council of state, or tribunate speaking, the discussion was closed.
The members then proceeded to give their votes upon the bill passing into a law, when it was decreed by 260 against 12.
PARIS, February 11.
Yesterday at noon, the great officers of the legion of honor, to whom his Majesty has granted the grand cordon, having been convoked by the great chancellor, repaired in grand costume to the palace of the Tuileries, and met in the saloon preceding the hall of the throne. His majesty being seated on the throne, the princes and grand dignitaries took their places in front of the throne. The great chancellor and the grand treasurer were placed on his right and left. The grand master of the ceremonies having taken the orders of the emperor, then invited successively the princes and grand dignitaries to approach the throne, to receive from the hands of his majesty the decorations which have been presented by the grand chancellor and the grand treasurer.
The princes and grand dignitaries having afterwards taken their accustomed places on the right and left of the throne, the grand master of the ceremonies introduced one after the other the great officers comprised in the imperial decree of the 12th of this month. They received successively from the hands of the emperor or the grand cordon of the legion of honor, or returned to the right and left the places assigned them, agreeable to the functions with which they are invested.
The grand master afterwards introduced the princess Berghes, who in like manner received the grand decoration from the hands of his majesty.
The emperor, sitting and covered, then spoke in these words:
Gentlemen, The grand decorations bring you near the throne; without requiring from you new oaths, it imparts on you no new obligations: it is a completion of the institution of the legion of honor. This grand decoration has also a particular object, that of connecting with our institutions the institutions of the different states of Europe, and to show the regard & respect that I have; and that we have for what exists among the neighboring nations, our friends.
LONDON, April 4.
CONTINENTAL ALLIANCES.
A considerable number of letters were on Saturday received from Holland by a vessel which on Friday arrived at Gravesend. One from Rotterdam, dated on Tuesday, announces, that previous to the departure of the Russian general, Wrangeroode, from Berlin, the king presented him his picture on a snuff-box, set in diamonds. His majesty likewise delivered to him, with his own hands, a letter which he had himself written to the emperor Alexander, containing the ultimatum of the Prussian cabinet on the subjects which have lately been in discussion between the two courts. Prussia, it is said, persists in her determination to oppose the military projects of Sweden, while Sweden has demanded the assistance of Russia by virtue of the first and third articles of the treaty of 1799, to vindicate her independence against the menaces of Prussia. These letters, in opposition to previous and more probable accounts say, that Lubec continued on the 29th ult. to refuse the contributions demanded by France, and had applied to the courts of Petersburg, Berlin and Vienna, for redress.
This morning a mail from Gottenburg and Lisbon arrived. By the former, government has received dispatches from Petersburg, which are said to contain positive assurances on the part of the Emperor Alexander, of an immediate and powerful co-operation against France. Orders are stated to have been issued from the Russian war department to prepare for actual service a force little short of 180,000 men.
April 6.
Dispatches received yesterday from Petersburg, are confidentially stated to contain intelligence which is the subject of much uneasiness to government, and is extremely different from that understood to have arrived by the Gottenburg mail. They were brought by Mr. Parsons the messenger, who was also charged with interesting communications from the court of Stockholm. A very considerable alteration with respect to his becoming a zealous and vigorous co-operator in the prosecution of hostilities against France, is said to have taken place in the sentiments of the Emperor Alexander, who, it is now asserted, declines all decisive or active interference in the war, and contents himself with offering his assistance for effecting the restoration of general tranquility. No inconsiderable degree of credit is given to this statement by persons of very high political connexions; and we understand that to the sensation excited by it, is to be attributed the depression felt yesterday by the funds. Private accounts from Petersburg, which reach to the 12th ult. do not scruple to say, that any powerful co-operation on the part of Russia cannot be expected.—Traveller.
April 8.
By the arrival of the Hamburg mail, we have received the following intelligence from our correspondent:
Hamburg, April 2.
“The closest harmony now subsists between the courts of Prussia and France, and the former is very actively employed in adjusting differences between the latter and Russia. Letters from Petersburg of the 16th ult. even mention that Monsieur de Novassilow will shortly be sent on an extraordinary mission to Paris. Bonaparte has, it is said, as the price of reconciliation, offered to evacuate the electorate of Hanover. The number of the French troops in the electorate has already been considerably diminished.—The great changes, however, in the state of Upper Italy, and the critical state of the kingdom of Naples will probably prevent this intended approximation.
“The various regiments lately drawn from the French coast of the channel, have received orders to re-occupy their former positions. Every officer and private absent on furlough, have been ordered to join their respective regiments, even though the leave of absence should not have expired. All the generals are also to repair to their respective stations on the coast. Massena is to have the chief command of the army of England, Augereau, that of Ireland, and Marmont that of Scotland.
“Berlin letters of the 30th ult. mention, that the Russian ambassador extraordinary will quit that city with the answer of his Prussian majesty on the 3d or 4th inst. Both he and his Secretary received as presents snuff-boxes, worth five thousand crowns each. Gen. Zastrow is to go as minister plenipotentiary and extraordinary to the court of Petersburg.”
WASHINGTON CITY.
FRIDAY, MAY 24.
Examination of the question, “In what does true republicanism consist?”
[Continued.]
Proceeding to the periods for which the officers of the respective states are appointed we find the terms of office to be as follows:
The Chief Magistrate is elected in
 New Hampshire—for one year.  Massachusetts—one year.  Rhode Island—one year.  Connecticut—one year.  New York—three years.  New Jersey—one year.  Pennsylvania—three years.  Delaware—three years.  Maryland—one year.  Virginia—one year.  North Carolina—one year.  South Carolina—two years.  Georgia—two years.  Vermont—one year.  Tennessee—two years.  Kentucky—four years. 
We also find the legislative bodies chosen for the following periods:
The Senate, or the smaller branch, is elected in
 New Hampshire—for one year.  Massachusetts—one year.  Rhode Island—one year.  Connecticut—one year.  New York—four years.  New Jersey—one year.  Pennsylvania—four years.  Delaware—three years.  Maryland—five years.  Virginia—four years.  North Carolina—one year.  South Carolina—four years.  Georgia—one year.  Tennessee—two years.  Kentucky—four years. 
The House of Representatives is elected in
 New Hampshire—for one year.  Massachusetts—one year.  Rhode Island—one year.  Connecticut—6 months.  New York—one year.  New Jersey—one year.  Pennsylvania—one year.  Delaware—one year.  Maryland—one year.  Virginia—one year.  North Carolina—one year.  South Carolina—two years.  Georgia—one year.  Vermont—one year.  Tennessee—two years.  Kentucky—one year. 
And we find the judiciary appointed for the following periods:
In New Hampshire—not fixed by the constitution.
 Massachusetts—during good behavior.  Rhode Island—one year.  Connecticut—not fixed by constitution.  New York—during good behavior.  New Jersey—seven years.  Pennsylvania—during good behavior.  Delaware—Do.  Maryland—Do.  Virginia—Do.  North Carolina—Do.  South Carolina—Do.  Georgia—three years.  Vermont—not fixed by the constitution.  Tennessee—not fixed by the constitution.  Kentucky—during good behavior. 
On the period, therefore, of office, we discover a great diversity of opinion, as well in the republican as in the federal states. Indeed it appears that the periods are in general shorter in the latter than in the former states.
It follows from this view that, altho' a republican is the enemy of all political establishments under which permanent officers are created, and fixed by individuals irresponsible to the nation, yet that as to the degrees in which a departure from this principle is expedient, great diversity of opinion exists. Whether the period of office shall be for six months, for a year, for two years, for three, for four or six, seems to have been viewed by the framers of our constitutions as a matter of detail, and as not affecting the great and vital principle of responsibility to the people. Indeed, in many of our constitutions, the judiciary hold their offices by a tenure only limited by life, and alone subject to abrogation on impeachment for misbehavior. Nor have there been wanting, among our ablest statesmen, advocates of this institution. Indeed a recurrence to the time of adopting the federal constitution will show that this feature of it was as boldly extolled by republicans as well as federalists, as any which it contains; and it will be likewise perceived, that taking it as their model most of the states, who subsequently changed their constitutions, introduced into them the same principle. This does not prove the principle to be correct; it can only be tested by a full experience of its effects; but it does prove that men, with the best motives and most enlightened minds, have sanctioned it, and that, however erroneous it may be, it is to be considered as an error of the head, and not of the heart. That it is erroneous would seem to appear from the dangerous assertions of power made by the judiciary, which, if carried into full practice, could not fail to prostrate all the other departments of government; from its anomalous nature to every other political institution established among us; and from its natural tendency to lead to innumerable abuses. Still, though we may admit these remarks to be accurate, and agree that this organization of the judiciary requires radical alteration, when we come to details, how various shall we find the provisions, either in existence, or as suggested by theoretical writers. In some of the states, the election of the judges is annual, in others they are chosen for a number of years. In some states they are chosen directly by the people; in others by the chief magistrate, and in others by the legislative bodies. In some states their compensations are not liable to diminution; in others they may be varied at legislative discretion. If we consult the theories of political writers, we shall perceive a still wider difference of sentiment.
What can we infer from all these facts, but that the organization of the several political departments admits of varieties so endless, and is a work so delicate and difficult, as naturally, if not necessarily, to create great diversity of opinion in minds equally enlightened and virtuous? It will be seen that this diversity has existed from the earliest periods of our national existence until the present day; nor can it be expected to cease until a long lapse of years shall have solved many political problems by a more extensive experience than the American people have yet had.
In the mean time what monition do these considerations more emphatically dictate than an amicable toleration of opinions, however various? If my object is reform: if it is my sincere conviction that a change is required in the constitution under which I live, I have a right, it is my duty to open my mind to the freest enquiry, and to enlighten, as far as is in my power, the minds of my fellow citizens; to explain what I deem error, however venerable the time or the weight of authority. But let me not forget that the right I claim is common to others; and that they who hold different opinions from me may demand the exercise of it with the same justice that I do. Let it also ever be remembered that a mere difference of opinion, so far from being an evidence of hostility, is often the strongest criterion of friendship; and that the interests and attachments of individuals may be the most indisputable and sincere, although their opinions on speculative points widely differ.
With regard to the mode of removing officers, though there does not exist so wide, there still exists a considerable difference. Under most of the state constitutions, as well as under the federal constitution, the chief magistrates and members of the legislature hold their appointments for limited terms, during which they are not removable by those who appointed them. They can only be dismissed from office by an expulsion from the body of which they are members, and in some instances by impeachment. The greatest exciting diversity on this point appears in the different judiciary provisions in force in the respective states. The Judges are removable in
[To be Continued.]
The Council of the Territory of Orleans have passed an act for the incorporation of a Marine Insurance Company, with a capital not to exceed two hundred thousand dollars.  OSSIAN'S POEMS.—The long disputed manuscripts of the Poems of Ossian, in the original Celtic, are now in the press under the auspices of the Highland Society, to be accompanied by a latin translation by the late Mr. Macfarlane. The whole, says the London Monthly Magazine, will form two large volumes octavo.  Morn. Chron.  Departed this life on the 20th inst. Mr. JOSEPH HODGSON, a member of the City Council, a man much lamented by a circle of friends and acquaintances, as being a worthy member of society, an affectionate husband and tender parent.  His funeral discourse will be delivered by the Rev. John Chalmers, on Sunday the 2nd of June at 10 o'clock at the Methodist meeting house in George Town.  The French drama L'Abbe de L'Epée was lately performed at Landau, in Germany in a manner altogether new. The part of Thodore was played by a child of 13 years, who had been really deaf and dumb from his birth: and that of the Abbe by the tutor who had taught him to read and write.  One of the Parisian projectors has published a scheme for uniting the Rhone and Seine, and making Paris a central depot for the commerce of the two rivers. He proposes, of course, to call this the Navigation Bonaparte.  A Shower of Snow Balls. On Friday last, about 4 o'clock, a small cloud appeared in the northwest, that arose rapidly to the zenith and commenced a discharge of snow balls about the size of walnuts. Ten of them weighed an ounce, after being considerably dissolved. They were more perfectly in a globular form than I ever saw any hail—were quite dry when they fell, and easily broken between the thumb and finger. When the cloud appeared the mercury in the thermometer stood at 60° of Fahrenheit's scale. The valley of snow balls cooled the air so much that it immediately fell to 43°. And in a few minutes after the cloud had passed the zenith it rose again to 72°. They have beaten a considerable part of the buds off the trees, and I think it likely have injured the fruit trees considerably. It extended over about five or six miles square, and fell about an inch deep.  Waipole paper.  A curious fact in natural history has been observed by Dr. Gabriel Anselmi, professor of anatomy at Turin. A snake, called in Italy Serpe Nera, the Coluber Natrix of Linnæus, is said to be extremely fond of milk; and the country people even pretend that it makes its way into the dairies to gratify its inclination. They even assert, that it is sometimes found entwined round the legs of cows, sucking their teats with such avidity as to draw blood when their milk is exhausted. On this fact, which by many had been considered as a popular tale, the Doctor had him self an opportunity of being an eye witness. Walking, according to custom (I say he) one morning, on the road called the Park, bordered by pastures, containing a great number of sleek and horned cattle, I observed an old, but vigorous cow, separate from the others, and lowing, with her head raised in the air, her ears erect, and shaking her tail. Surprised at the noise she made, I seated myself on the banks of a stream, and followed her wherever she went with my eyes. After running for some minutes, she suddenly stopped in a fenced-in spot, and began to ruminate. Inquisitive to discover the cause I went to the place. After going into a pond to drink, she came out, and waited on the brink for a black snake, which crept from among the bushes, and approaching her, entwined himself round her legs, and began to suck her milk. I observed this phenomenon two successive days, without informing the herdsmen. The third day I acquainted him with it, and he told me that for some time the cow kicked at the approach of her calf, and that she could not, without difficulty, be compelled to suffer it to suck. We took away the snake, which we killed. On the succeeding day the cow, after vain waiting for her sucking, ran about the meadow in such a manner that the herdsmen was obliged to shut her up. Dr. Anselmi has asserted that the teats of the cows be washed with a decoction of tobacco, the ravages of these extraordinary depredators may be effectually prevented.  The following article translated from a French paper, received at the office of the Philadelphia Register, is more explanatory than anything that has yet appeared of the policy of the Turkish government in permitting the Russian armaments to pass the Dardanelles, and of the probability of those armaments acting in concert with the Grand Expedition, which, by the last advices, was on the point of sailing from England and supposed to be destined for the Mediterranean.  The French Ambassador M. Brune, previous to his departure from Constantinople, communicated to the Reis Effendi the copy of a note, which the minister Talleyrand had addressed to the Turkish

envoy at Paris. The note expresses... to recognize the Emperor Napoleon...
The answer to this communication... by no means satisfactory...
CADIZ March 25, 1805.
Notwithstanding the age of the blockade... the English, which is a proof...
The ports that are in a state of blockade... at this moment, are Cadiz...
Lisbon Feb. 23.
NOTICE TO MERCHANTS.
The laws of Portugal requiring that vessels... be entitled to the benefit of Franquaise...
From a Paris Gazette of Feb. 27.
A QUESTION OF JURISPRUDENCE.
A foreigner, can he sue before the tribunals... of France another foreigner...
Mr. Mouffrance, citizen of the United States... brought a suit against Mr. Skipwith...
New York, May 20.
The fleet which has been so long and so anxiously expected... arrived here on Saturday evening last...
Capt. Light from Havana, informs... that just before he failed an American captain...
a French fleet of 19 sail of the line and smaller vessels. We give this news as we received it. Comment is unnecessary.
Philadelphia, May 21.
CHEVALIER DE FORONDA, Consul General from his Catholic Majesty to the United States.
Announces to the merchants and traders thereof, his having this day received official information...
Alexandria May 21.
SHEEP SHEARING.
We have been favored with an accurate account of the sheep shearing, at Abingdon...
The prize ram of one year old, bred by colonel Thomas L. Lee, of Louisa...
Weight of the fleece. 12 lbs. 5 oz.
Length of the wool. Extreme 15 inches in ordinary 11 inches.
Gross weight of the Carcase. One hundred and forty pounds.
The extreme length of the animal from the nose to the buttock, four feet nine inches...
It is intended to anoint him the present season, so that hopes are entertained that his fleece may reach 16 pounds.
Table with 2 columns: No., Weight of the fleece. Rows: 1, 7 12 pounds; 4, 7 14 do; 3, 6 34 do; 4, 6 12 do.
A ram lamb of two and a half months old weighed gross eighty-one and a half.
We are told that Mr. Cuttis, has had a wether on Smith's Island, at the Capes of Virginia...
Extract of a letter from a commercial house of the first respectability, in Lisbon...
Since our last of the 20th ultimo, we have had the arrival of several more cargoes of wheat from France...
The appearance of our harvest is very favorable, and should it continue so, prices will no doubt lower during the summer.
Havana, April 30.
SIR, Your fellow citizens of the United States, at present in this city, impressed with a deep sense of the situation into which our public affairs...
forced against you by some of the officers of this government, take the occasion which is thus presented...
Delirious of giving our united and individual support to a public agent of our country...
In a review of your management of the concerns of our nation (which many of us have witnessed for a very considerable length of time) we perceive the most public spirited and disinterested motives influencing your conduct...
We offer to you, Sir, under all circumstances which shall arise, the continuance of our support...
JOHN MORTON Chairman. Nathl Fellowses jun. John Murch, James Gorham, Edward Landers, Amos Green, James Perry, J. B. Russell.
THE ANSWER.
Havana, April 30.
GENTLEMEN, I have received your address of this date in behalf of the American merchants and masters of vessels, now in this port.
I want words to express the high sense I have of so decided and unequivocal approbation and support as your address conveys.
Conscious that I have at all times and in every instance wherein the interests of my fellow citizens were concerned, acted faithfully and to the best of my abilities...
With such consciousness and such support, the tongue of malice, or the arbitrary measures of a government, cannot affect the peace of my own mind, or the sacredness of my reputation.
I reciprocate, gentlemen, with the utmost sincerity, the good wishes you have conveyed to me, in ardently desiring the advancement of your individual welfare and happiness.
Signed, VINCENT GRAY. To John Morton, esq. Chairman.
A public dinner was given to Vincent Gray, esq. on the 30th April, at the Commercial Hotel, in the Havana, attended by sixty American merchants and masters of vessels...
John Morton, esq. of New York, was in the chair: N. Fellows, jun. of Boston, and Capt. James Perry, of Rhode Island, assisting as deputies.
The whole was conducted with the greatest good humour, unanimity, and regularity, and the following toasts drunk on the occasion:
1. The United States of America—established on old and found principles of civil government and private justice. 2. The President of the U. States—In the administration of national affairs, he will not forget the rights of his fellow citizens in every country professing amity. 3. The memory of Gen. Washington—a patriot, in all things upright, in none more conspicuous than in the defence of the rights of his countrymen. 4. The Congress of the U. States—the constitutional sources of efficient power. 5. Our ministers, consuls and agents resident abroad—may they meet the support of every independent American. 6. The commerce of the U. States—fair winds, successful voyages, and good protection. 7. The memory of the late General Hamilton—revered by all parties. 8. Commodore Preble, and the squadron lately employed against Tripoli.
9. Capt. Bainbridge, and his brave, though unfortunate companions—may they be speedily released without ransom.
10. The army and navy of the United States—may their strength be always commensurate with the exigencies of the nation; their spirit never will be wanting.
11. The Marquis of Someruelos, a man of good principles—may he evince, that to "feel power should not be to forget justice."
12. The agriculture and yeomanry of the United States, the principals of its strength.
13. The fair daughters of Columbia—virtue their best ornament, happiness their sure reward.
NEW YORK, MAY 22.
Capt. Fairchild, arrived yesterday, from the Havana, informs, that the combined French and Spanish fleets were off Jamaica, and had summoned the island to surrender, allowing 24 hours to consider the proposition.
Capt. Bennet, of the Schooner Veneza, from Martinique, informs, that it was reported there, when he failed, that the French fleet, under Admiral Gantheaume, consisting of 21 sail of the line, had failed from Brest, for Jamaica; a frigate had arrived there from Brest, and landed 300 artillery men.
Jamaica (said to be) taken by the French.
Capt. Haraden, arrived yesterday, in 12 days from the Havana, informs, that two or three days previous to his leaving there, it was reported, and the report credited by the first merchants in the place, that a French fleet of 11 sail of the line and 8 frigates, had landed troops at the north side of the island of Jamaica...
[We give to the public the report as we received it from Capt. Haraden, whose veracity no one who knows him will doubt.] Salem Reg.
NOTICE.
THE Battalion Court of the first Battalion is adjourned to meet at Rhode Tavern on Monday the 27th inst. at 10 o'clock in the morning, to assess the fines incurred in April and May. May 24—
NOTICE.
The citizens who live west of the President's House are desired to meet at the West Market House on Monday next at 5 o'clock to nominate four suitable persons to be run as Councilmen at the approaching election.
LOST.
On board the ship Jupiter, Capt. Law, from London bound to New York, the following certificates of United States debt, viz:
Table with 2 columns: No., Amount. Rows: 11.137 for 5000 Dolls. defer. 6 per Cts. 11.138 1000 do. 11.139 1000 do. 11.140 1000 do. 11.141 1000 do. 11.142 1000 do.
Issued by Joseph Nouffe, Esq. Register of the Treasury, on the 24th May, 1799, in favor of James Heygate of London, merchant.
For the renewal of which, application will be made at the Treasury of the United States. JOHN DAVIDSON. May 24—epw
PUBLIC SALE.
I will offer at Public Sale on Thursday 7th of June next at the place where I live, all the personal property of Doctor John Scott deceased, consisting of Wearing Apparel, a number of Books, a small quantity of Medicine and one set of Surgeon's Instruments, &c. Terms of sale will be made known on the day of sale. ALEX. M'ORMICK, Administrator. May 24—3t
A new Fount of Type having been engaged for the National Intelligencer, the type on which this paper is now printed is offered for sale.
Notice to Subscribers.
SUBSCRIBERS to the National Intelligencer in arrears are requested to make immediate payment. It may be proper to remind subscribers, that the indispensable term of the Paper is the annual payment of Five Dollars in advance; and that unless the term be complied with, their papers will be discontinued.
THIS DAY IS PUBLISHED, BY SAMUEL H. SMITH.
PRICE TWO DOLLARS—
THE TRIAL OF SAMUEL CHASE,
An associate justice of the supreme court of the United States, impeached by the House of Representatives, for high crimes and misdemeanors, before the Senate of the United States; taken in short hand by
SAMUEL H. SMITH, AND THOMAS LLOYD.
The second volume will probably contain between three and four hundred pages.
The first volume will be sold only to those who subscribe for the whole work.
VOLUME I.
This volume contains, 1. Measures preliminary to the trial, including the proceedings of the House of Representatives and Senate antecedent to the trial. 2. The answer of Mr. Chase and the replication of the Managers. 3. The speech of Mr. Randolph on opening the impeachment. 4. The evidence on the part of the prosecution. 5. The speech of Mr. Harper on opening the defence. 6. The evidence on the part of Mr. Chase. 7. The speech of Mr. Early. 8. The speech of Mr. Campbell.
The advertisement prefixed to this edition will enable the public to form some opinion of its accuracy.
The following report of the trial of Samuel Chase has been drawn up with the greatest care. To guard against misconception or omission, two individuals, one of whom is a professional stenographer, were constantly engaged during the whole course of the trial; and the arguments of the managers and counsel have in most instances, and wherever it was attainable, been revised by them. It is with some satisfaction that the editor of this impression is enabled, under these circumstances, to submit to the public a tract whose fidelity and comprehensiveness, he hopes, will amply reward the interest so deeply excited by the progress and issue of this important trial.
"The second volume is in the press, and will be published in a short time."
COPYRIGHT.
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, to wit: BE IT REMEMBERED, that [SEAL] on this twenty third day of April, in the year of our Lord eighteen hundred and five, Samuel H. Smith of the said district, hath deposited in the clerk's office of the district court of the United States for the district of Columbia, the title of a book, the right whereof he claims as author, in the words following, to wit: "The trial of Samuel Chase, an associate justice of the supreme court of the United States, impeached by the House of Representatives for high crimes and misdemeanors, before the Senate of the United States, taken in short hand by Samuel H. Smith and Thomas Lloyd, in conformity to the act of Congress for the encouragement of learning by securing the copies of maps, charts and books to the authors and proprietors of such copies during the time therein mentioned."
G. DENEALE, Clk. Dist. Col.
BOOKSELLERS or others, who purchase CHASE'S TRIAL for sale, will be allowed a deduction of twenty five per cent.
DANCING SCHOOL.
Mr. Dupont's Class of Dancing FROM BALTIMORE, Respectfully informs the Ladies and Gentlemen of George Town and Washington, that his School will commence on Tuesday the 27th inst. at Mr. J. Barney's tavern, where the particulars may be known. New Cotillions and Country Dances with accompaniments for the Piano Forte, composed by Mr. Dupont may be had of him at the above place. May 23—3t
NOTICE.
WAS committed to the jail of Frederick county as a runaway, a negro man who calls himself
GILBERT DAY.
and says he belongs to John Hood, of Baltimore county, Maryland. He is about 13 or 20 years old, 5 feet 7 inches high, his clothing is a striped Nankene coat, black cassimere waistcoat, osnaburg shirt, and an old pair of dark cloth pantaloons. He is very black, and has a pleasant countenance. If his master does not release him he will be sold for his just agreeably to law.
GEORGE CREAGER, Sheriff of Frederick County, April 15—w8t.

PUBLIC SALE.
WILL be offered for public sale on Tuesday the 24th of June next on the premises at 11 o'clock A. M. a small FRAME DWELLING HOUSE & KITCHEN situated on the street that leads from the Barracks to the Navy Yard and on the Northeast corner of sq. no. 905. The terms of sale will be one third of the purchase money down, one third in three months and the other third in six months from the day of sale; if the money is not paid up in the time mentioned, the purchaser must pay interest on all the money unpaid from the day of sale until all is paid, when an indisputable title will be given. A further description is thought unnecessary as it is presumed that any person desirous of purchasing will view the property previous to the day of sale.
BARNABY PARSONS.
Washington, May 20-6t
Twenty Dollars Reward.
RAMAWAY from the subscriber on the second day of January last, a likely negro man named AMP , but frequently goes by name of ARMSTRONG . He is about 5 feet 7 or 8 inches high, upwards of 25 years of age, rather of a yellowish complexion, has a tolerable large nose, and speaks very quick when interrogated. He has been hired to Mr. John Woolfolk for three years past, for the purpose of taking care of the stage horses at Mr. Todd's tavern. I do expect he will endeavor to pass as a free man, and is lurking about town. Whoever will deliver the said negro to me, or confine him in any jail so that I get him again shall receive the above reward.
LEWIS COLLINS.
Caroline county May 6-3w N. B. Masters of vessels and others are for warned from harboring said runaway at their peril. L. C.
Traveller's Hall.
THE subscriber renders his sincere thanks to his friends for the very liberal encouragement which they have bestowed on him. He will finish one of his new rooms in a few weeks, which will be large enough to dine near 200 persons at a time, and will shortly after have the remainder of his additional building completed, which will give him a front of near 100 feet, in the most agreeable side of the town, and in the centre of business being on the highest part of the public square. He has on hand, and has contracted for a constant supply of the best wines, and foreign spirituous liquors imported, and country provisions, stable forage, foreign & state newspapers—and has secured a quantity of liquors sufficient for the use of his table and bar during the season. He assures his friends, and that respectable part of the public who have patronized him, that there shall be nothing wanting which his time or purse will command, to render the TRAVELLER'S HALL a house of entertainment for genteel guests only, equal to any in America.
R. BRADLEY.
Lexington, Kentucky, March 18. 1805. N. B. A stage runs from the TRAVELLER'S HALL to the Olympic Springs in the summer, and to Frankfort during the session of the Legislature. March 27-ep3m.
SPRING GOODS.
JOHN COX, [GEORGE TOWN.] Has received a part of his Spring assortment of Dry Goods, which were selected from the late arrivals at New York. He has also received from Baltimore a quantity of GERMAN LINENS , consisting of Tichenburgs, Osnaburgs, Hempen, Hessians, Brown Roles, &c. all of which will be sold low by piece or retail. May 3-ep2m
Ten Dollars Reward.
WAS missed on Sunday, the 5th of May, a double cased silver Watch, maker's name Credshawe, Dublin , and in the outer case was a watch paper with Mr. Parker's name of Philadelphia. Whoever will bring the said watch to the office of the National Intelligence, shall receive the above reward, and no questions will be asked. May 10-tf.
THE CELEBRATED WARM SPRINGS IN VIRGINIA.
THE subscribers have taken a lease of ten years, of the highly celebrated Medicinal Springs in the county of Bath called the WARM SPRINGS , lately famed for their great cures and general relief in many complaints. They are now preparing every necessary comfort and accommodation to suit the amusement of those who have health, (and to promote the recovery of those who want it) and it is deemed necessary to make these things widely known, because competitors have heretofore been made against the entertainment which has been offered. Preparations are made for at least one hundred constant boarders, besides transient guests for the accommodation of which, the subscribers will make all possible exertions; and they flatter themselves, that those who may place confidence in this advertisement, will not find the smallest cause for regret or complaint.
ROBERT & GEORGE TURNER. May 1-ep6w
Washington, May 10.
I would wish to lease my property in the vicinity of the Navy Yard in this city, for three years.
A. B. WOODWARD. 8-tf
STELLE'S HOTEL & CITY TAVERN.
THE Subscriber takes this method of thanking his friends and the public for their favors whilst on the Capitol square and begs leave to acquaint them that having purchased and now occupying the tavern, late Tunnicliff's hotel , which he has commenced enlarging and improving—he respectfully solicits a continuance of the patronage of his friends and the public, assuring them that 'tis his full determination to fit up his present hotel, and so to conduct it, as to merit, he hopes, the preference of the public travelling, as well as those coming to the permanent seat of the Government of our Land of Liberty.
PONTIUS D. STELLE.
Washington City, March 25-tf
25 Dollars Reward.
STRAYED or stolen from near the Treasury office, on the 3d inst. a dark BAY HORSE , in good order: about 14 1/2 hands high, 10 years old, has a small star and snip, black mane and tail, several white hair spots under the saddle, but particularly on the near fore shoulder, there is an old brand mark of the letter M . The subscriber will pay reasonable charges and 5 dollars for the horse, delivered at Mr. Rhodes's tavern in this city, two dollars for the information by letter, &c. where he can be had (if stolen) 20 more on conviction of the thief.
ROBT. UNDERWOOD.
City Washington, May 15-tf
Militia Courts of Enquiry.
THE court of Enquiry for the 1st Battalion will sit at Rhodes's tavern in the city of Washington on the 22nd day of May inst. at 10 o'clock in the morning to lay the fines incurred by the non-commissioned officers and privates of said battalion. And the Legionary Court will sit at the Union tavern in George Town on Saturday the 1st June 1805, at ten o'clock in the forenoon to appoint a Collector, Provost Marshal and Clerk, and to perform other duties which may occur. All persons concerned will attend. The officers commanding companies will please be punctual in making the returns due to their majors. WM. D. BEALL, Ck. Lt. L. M. D. C. May 15-8t
MRS. SMITH and MRS. WILY respectfully acquaint their friends and the public, that they have removed their boarding school from the house they occupied in Water street, to a large brick house fitted up for a school, in the Main street near Mr. Francis Lowndes, with a good garden, yard, and excellent spring of water.
They solicit the patronage of the inhabitants of George town and its vicinity, which they have liberally experienced, and gratefully acknowledge. They teach reading, writing, English grammar and geography. The best masters attend to instruct the young ladies in music, dancing, arithmetic, French and drawing. Mrs. Smith and Mrs. Wily continue to teach plain work, marking, embroidery in lamb's wool, silk and chenille, with a variety of other kinds of needle work, in the afternoon. April 26-6w.
To be Sold
For cash, at Public Vendue, to the highest bidder, at Rhodes's tavern in the city of Washington, on Monday the third day of June next.
All the right and estate of
JOHN GARDENER , late of the city of Washington, or of the subscriber, in virtue of a deed of trust to him from the said Gardener, bearing date the 28th Dec. 1804, of in, and to, a certain tract or parcel of land situate and lying in the state of Ohio, on the Muskingum river, and adjoining to the flourishing town or settlement of Zanesville: described in the said deed of trust in the words following, "being part of the third quarter of the first township in the seventh range of the tract appropriated for satisfying warrants for military services, granted by patent signed by the President and sealed with the seal of the United States on the twenty ninth day of March 1800, unto Robert Underwood, beginning at a stake on the south line of said quarter township eighty chains west from the south east corner thereof, and running thence north eighty four chains, thence west to the low water line of the Muskingum river, and then down and with the low water line of said river to the lands granted by the United States to Ebenezer Zane, and then leaving the Muskingum river and running south with the western line of the said Zane's land to the southern boundary of the said third quarter of the first township, and with the said southern boundary line east to the place of beginning, (excepting thereout a road of one rod and a half wide adjoining to Zane's line and extending from the southern boundary northward to the river; another road three rods wide parallel to the former and extending from said boundary to the river at the distance of ten chains easterwardly from the first described road, and also three lots numbered two, three, and four, of five acres each lying between said roads, and one lot numbered eleven containing ten acres lying on the east side of the road last described, which roads and lots the said Robert Underwood hath heretofore sold or reserved) containing exclusive of said roads and lots, six hundred and nine acres and twenty perches more or less; being part of the premises which under and by virtue of a certain indenture bearing date the 15th of October 1803 was conveyed and assured by the said Robert Underwood unto and to the use of the said John Gardener his heirs and assigns."
This advertisement and the sale of the land is in conformity to the trusts mentioned in the deed to me; and I will give every information in my power relative to the same, before, and on the day of sale.
NICHOLAS KING. May 17-8t
CHARLES H. VARDEN, MERCHANT TAILOR.
Has received from Philadelphia a handsome assortment of FALL goods, consisting of the best London and French superfine cloths, cassimeres, patent Bannet's cord, toilettene, fancy and white Marceilles, black and figured silk, muskims, fancy silk, Marceilles, constitution cords, velvets, Genoa cord, silk and satin Florentines, superfine coating, knitted cloths, with a variety of other article suitable for the winter season. N. B. Ladies' habits, regimentals, and navy uniforms made in the first style of fashion. New Jersey avenue near the Capitol, December 10-tf
ADAM KING, & Co.
AT their wine store in High street George Town, have in addition to their stock of old wines, laid in a large and general assortment of all kinds of Liquors and Groceries suitable to the present season, where bills of any description, in their line, will constantly be filled up on the shortest notice and they flatter themselves, from the quality of their wines, &c. they will be able to give general satisfaction to all those who may think proper to favor them with a call—where all kind of commission business as usual, will be attended to with the utmost attention, George Town, November 5-tf
RAGS.
THE highest price CASH, given for clean RAGS, by EDGAR PATTERSON, George town, and SAMUEL STETTENUS, near the Centre market, Washington March 8-tf.
STRANGER IN FRANCE.
Just opened, and for sale by Rapine, Conrad, & Co. THE STRANGER IN FRANCE; OR A TOUR FROM DEVONSHIRE TO PARIS; By JOHN CARR, Esq. Price 150 Cents. 29-tw2w.
The subscriber has for sale,
A few Pipes and half Pipes genuine London Particular Madeira wine. Claret in boxes, Hyslop, Souchong, & } Teas by the chest. Hyslop Chulan } Cogniac Brandy by the pipe or quarter cask, 1st proof French do. of good flavor, do. do. A few bds. Melasses, 9 bds old Jamaica Rum of excellent quality, 1 butt dry Lisbon Wine and a few demijohns. WM. BRENT. May 10-3w.
NOTICE is hereby given
that an Election will be held on the First Monday in June next for the choice of Eighteen members to represent the City of Washington, in council. The elections will be held at the following places, viz. In the First Ward, at William Rhodes's. In the Second Ward, at Lewis Morris's. In the Third at Pontius D. Stelle's hotel. The polls to be kept open from 8 o'clock in the morning until 7 o'clock in the evening of the same day. ROBERT BRENT, Mayor of Washington. May 13-
PROPOSALS
For carrying the Mails of the United States, on the following post-roads, will be received at the General post-office, in Washington until the 10th day of July next inclusive. (Continued.)
IN PENNSYLVANIA.
110. From Philadelphia by Jenkintown, Doylestown, Plumstead, Bethlehem, Easton & Hellers to Wilksbarre once a week in winter. Leave Philadelphia every Tuesday at 4 p m & arrive at Easton on Thursday by 9 a m. Leave Easton every Thursday at 10 a m & arrive at Wilksbarre on Friday by 4 p m. Returning, Leave Wilksbarre every Saturday at 8 a m & arrive at Easton on Sunday by noon, & at Bethlehem by 8 p m. Leave Bethlehem on Monday at 5 a m & arrive at Philadelphia on Tuesday by 8 a m. May 1 to November 1. Leave Philadelphia every Wednesday & Saturday at 4 a m & arrive at Easton by 8 p m. Leave Easton every Monday & Thursday at 4 a m & arrive at Philadelphia by 8 p m. 111. From Wilksbarre by Pittston, Purgam, Bantam, Wysox, Shesquoin, Athens, & Oswego to Union N. Y. once a week. Leave Wilksbarre every Saturday at 8 a m & arrive at Union the next Tuesday by 11 a m. Leave Union every Tuesday at 1 p m & arrive at Athens on Wednesday by 11 a m. Leave Athens at noon & arrive at Wilksbarre on Friday by 7 p m. 112. From Philadelphia by Germantown, Chestnut Hill, White Marsh, Montgomery and Quakertown to Bethlehem twice a week. Leave Philadelphia every Wednesday and Saturday at 4 a m & arrive at Bethlehem by 8 p m. Leave Bethlehem every Monday & Thursday at 4 p m & arrive at Philadelphia by 8 p m.
wt
November 1 to May 1. Leave Philadelphia every Monday at 5 a m & arrive at Philadelphia on Tuesday by 11 a m.
Leave Philadelphia every Friday at 5 a m & arrive at Bethlehem by 11 a m on Saturday. 113. From Philadelphia by Germantown, Norristown, T. p., Pottsgrove, Reading, Hamburg & Sunbury to Northumberland. Leave Philadelphia every Tuesday & Friday at 4 p m & arrive at Reading on Wednesday & Saturday by 8 p m. Leave Reading on Thursday at 6 a m & arrive at Northumberland on Friday by 4 p m. Returning. Leave Northumberland every Saturday at 5 a m & arrive at Reading on Sunday by 6 p m. Leave Reading every Monday & Thursday at 4 a m & arrive at Philadelphia on Tuesday & Friday by 8 a m. 114. From Northumberland by Milton, Muncy, Williamsport, Delmar, Tioga & Lock Haven to Painted Post once a week. Leave Northumberland every Saturday at 5 a m & arrive at Painted Post the next Tuesday by 10 a m. Leave Painted Post every Tuesday by 2 p m & arrive at Northumberland on Friday by 6 p m. 115. From Reading by Womelsdorf, Lebanon & Jonestown to Harrisburg once a week. Leave Reading every Thursday at 5 a m & arrive at Harrisburg on Friday by 10 a m. Leave Harrisburg every Friday at 2 p m & arrive at Reading on Saturday by 6 p m. 116. From Philadelphia by the Spread Eagle and Downingtown to Lancaster six times a week. Leave Philadelphia every day (Sunday excepted) at 4 a m & arrive at Lancaster by 4 p m. Leave Lancaster every day (Sunday excepted) at 4 a m & arrive at Philadelphia same day by 4 p m. 117. From Harrisburg by Hanover, Sunbury, Northumberland, Danville, Catawissa, Berwick, Salem & Plymouth to Wilksbarre, thence by Hanover, Newport, Lehigh, Salem & the same route to Harrisburg once a week. Leave Harrisburg every Tuesday at 1 p m & arrive at Wilksbarre the next Friday by 7 p m. Leave Wilksbarre every Saturday at 9 a m & arrive at Harrisburg the next Tuesday by 11 a m. 118. From Northumberland by Lewisburg, Mifflinburg, Aaronsburg, Bellefonte & Milesburg to Centre Furnace once a week. Leave Northumberland every Saturday at 5 a m & arrive at Centre Furnace on Sunday by 6 p m. Leave Centre Furnace every Monday at 8 a m & arrive at Northumberland on Tuesday by 6 p m. 119. From Harrisburg by Clarksville, Millersburg, Thomertown, Millington, Lewisburg, Colbertson, Drakes & Huntingdon to Alexandria & from thence by Huntingdon, Bellefonte & the same route to Harrisburg once a week. Leave Harrisburg every Tuesday at 1 p m & arrive at Alexandria the next Friday by 6 p m. Leave Alexandria every Saturday at 6 a m & arrive at Harrisburg the next Tuesday by 10 a m. 120. From Downingtown by West Chester, Kennett Square, New London & Roads & Chatham to the Bick Meeting house once a week. Leave Bick Meeting house every Tuesday at 6 a m & arrive at Downingtown by 8 p m. Leave Downingtown every Wednesday at 6 a m & arrive at Bick Meeting house by 8 p m. 121. From Lancaster by Strasburg, Gap Tavern, Cochrans Tavern, Chatham & New Garden to Newport once a week. Leave Newport every Monday at 6 a m & arrive at Lancaster on Tuesday by 8 a m. Leave Lancaster every Tuesday at 11 a m & arrive at Newport on Wednesday by noon. 122. From Fayetteville, by Lumberton, Bafileld's Mills, Portersville, Lynchville, Wiltown and Georgetown to Charleston three times a week, within the body of a stage carriage. Leave Fayetteville every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday at 4 a m & arrive at Bafileld's Mills by 7 p m. Leave Bafileld's Mills every Wednesday, Friday and Monday at 4 a m & arrive at Georgetown by 8 p m. Leave Georgetown every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday at 4 a m & arrive at Charleston by 6 p m. Returning. Leave Charleston every Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 6 a m & arrive at Georgetown by 8 p m. Leave Georgetown every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday at 4 a m & arrive at Bafileld's Mills by 8 p m. Leave Bafileld's Mills every Wednesday, Friday and Monday at 4 a m & arrive at Fayetteville by 8 p m. Note. The contract for the route 122 is to be in operation on the 1st day of October next, and to continue in force until December 31, 1807. 123. From Lancaster by the Sorrel horse, Black horse, Unicorn, Rising Sun and Brick meeting house to Elkon once a week. Leave Elkon every Monday at 5 a m & arrive at Lancaster by 5 p m. Leave Lancaster every Tuesday at 5 a m & arrive at Elkon by 8 p m. (To be continued.)
100 DOLLARS REWARD.
RAMAWAY , two months ago, about the middle of November, a Negro Man, named TOM DANIEL , five feet ten inches high, black complexion, has lost some of his jaw teeth, very knock-kneed, about 45 years of age. It is supposed that he has made to the northward, and has a free pass. He took with him a grey mare, and is very fond of driving a cart—Apply to RALPH LANE , Centreville, Fairfax county, Virginia.
An extensive Field for Speculation, is offered in the Sale of the
POWHATATAN ESTATE,
Which lies contiguous to the lower limits of Richmond, contains 3000 acres of land, borders near a mile on James river, and runs 5 miles back. The principal part is fine grain land, covered with valuable timber; convenient to a saw mill erected thereon, which has cut 1700 feet per day, and connected with a grist and manufacturing mill, on a constant stream with two pair of stones. There is a final farm, with a commodious brick mansion, ice house, the usual offices, and two fisheries. It has many elegant sites for building, furnished with good water, commanding views of the city, falls and shipping, which lie opposite to them. There is a beautiful level already laid out into lots, at right angles, on the river. The peculiar advantages of this property are multiplied by a late act for the establishment of an inspection of Tobacco on it, and the act for uniting the upper and lower navigation by locks, which as the proper point of junction render it valuable for those routes. Few persons are unacquainted with the political importance of Richmond, as the capital of the most influential state of the union, nor its commercial advantages from the immense quantities of coal, flour and tobacco, which pass through its market—and will it be necessary to add? that these advantages will be shortly increased, by the water power brought through the Kanawha to this navigation and deposit, to thence shipped directly abroad when the contemplated improvement of the lower navigation shall be complete. It is submitted to men of consideration whether a purchase by shares either to sell out or improve parts of this growing estate, would not in a few years afford a certain and handsome remuneration for their attention; being free from those contingencies to which many institutions are liable. In such an establishment the proprietor would willingly participate. A liberal credit will be allowed the purchasers on payment of interest and further particular made known by applying to Mr. Robert Atkinson near Peterburg, Mr. Alexander Fulton, Baltimore, Misses Proffer and Mouette, Richmond, or the subscriber on the premises. W. MAYO. Powhatan, near Richmond, Virg. May 1-w6t
IRON WORKS FOR SALE.
IN Wythe county State of Virginia, on Cripple Creek about 15 miles from the Great Kanawha and 40 miles from the north fork of Holston which affords a tolerable safe navigation to a prodigious scope of the western country, where perhaps iron is in greater demand than any other quarter of the United States. Cripple Creek affords a sufficiency of water for both forge and furnace, being fed by bold never failing springs. The furnace and all the buildings have been commenced within 4 or 5 years—they consist of dwelling houses, kitchens and a store house; also, a large and convenient stable. The forge has not long been completed. It is supposed to be the best built forge in Virginia, being out of choice timber felled at proper seasons and secured by a first rate forge carpenter from Pennsylvania. It works three fires and two hammers, is sixty feet long and fifty wide, well covered with joint shingles. There are between 7 and 800 acres of land attached to these works, some of it of excellent soil, and any quantity may be procured within 6 or 8 miles from 1 to 8 dollars per acre, the one ore banks appear to be inexhaustible, lying within one mile of the furnace and good roads. From one of the banks the ore may be conveyed by water within 10 miles of the furnace, with the considerable expense of 40 or 50 dollars.
The quality of the iron is acknowledged by those who have used it to be equal to any. It is particularly sought for by lock makers, saddle tree makers, cutlers, &c. The demand for iron in that country is far beyond what is made, and is falling from 40 to 50 per ton. I have no hesitation to say, contracts on not a very long credit can be had for almost any quantity yearly, as from that quarter a considerable portion of the western country is supplied. As it is supposed a purchase of this magnitude would not be made, without a view of the property by those inclined to purchase, it is deemed unnecessary to give a further description. Letters addressed to me at Abington, Virginia, will be duly attended to. I will also sell my
SALT WORKS
On Holston in Washington county Virginia, which is now rented at 10,000 Dolls. a year. I have adjoining to it between 5 and 6000 acres of land well covered with timber, a considerable proportion of which in point of fertility is equal to any land whatever, and will afford 3 or 400 acres of meadow, nearly 100 being now in good timothy. The buildings which are extensive are in a good state of preservation. FRANCIS PRESTON. May 1-
Valuable Land for Sale.
The executors of the last will and testament of Anthony Holmead deceased, will sell at private sale about forty acres of Land adjoining the city of Washington at the northern extremity of 20th Street west. This land is generally allowed to be one of the handsomest situations near the city, having a beautiful prospect of nearly the whole of the city of Washington, Alexandria and George Town, and any person inclined to purchase this valuable property, will be shown the same, and know the terms by application to the subscriber near the premises. JOHN HOLMEAD.