The national intelligencer and Washington advertiser. (Washington City [D.C.]), 1809-08-25 00:00:00

National Intelligencer.
WASHINGTON ADVERTISER
VOL. IX.
WASHINGTON CITY, PRINTED BY SAMUEL HARRISON SMITH, PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE.
NO. 1388.
FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM.
FRIDAY, AUGUST 23, 1809.
PAID IN ADVANCE.
The National Intelligencer is conducted by SAMUEL H. SMITH , and JOSEPH GALES , Jun. and printed at the office of the farmer , to whom subscribers and correspondents are requested to address themselves.
The annual price, payable in advance, is Five Dollars .
Advertisements, not exceeding one square in breadth, are inserted the first time at fifty cents , and for every subsequent insertion twenty-five cents . If inserted less than three times a Dollar is charged. If inserted but once a week, an addition of one fourth part is made. Other advertisements charged in the same ratio.
NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER.
[We owe the following interesting description of the district of Mobile to H. Toumin, Esquire, who has, by several papers of the same character, evinced his fidelity of delineation.]
A GEOGRAPHICAL & STATISTICAL SKETCH OF THE DISTRICT OF MOBILE.
SITUATION.
That tract of country which we have denominated the District of Mobile, is situated in the Eastern part of the Mississippi Territory, and comprehends the county of Washington on the Mobile & its tributary streams, and the new county of Madison in the great bend of the Tennessee.
The District of Mobile, as laid off for the purpose of collecting duties on imports and tonnage, comprehends the shores, waters and inlets of the bay & river Mobile and others emptying into the gulf of Mexico west of the Mobile to the Pascagoula inclusive. That tract of country which we have here denominated the District of Mobile lies between the 31st and 35th degrees of North Latitude, and according to the maps, between about the 7th and 12th degrees of Longitude West from the city of Washington.
BOUNDARIES.
This District is bounded on the North by the Tennessee state line, on the West by the Pearl river, & a line running due North from its source to the Tennessee line; on the South by the boundary line between the United States and Florida, and on the East by the Chattahoochee river, as far as the mouth of the Uchee, and from thence by a direct line to Nickajack on the Tennessee river, and by that river itself, from Nickajack, up as far as the Southern boundary of the state of Tennessee.
EXTENT.
From Mr. Ellicott's survey of the national boundary at the 31st degree of North latitude, it appears that Pearl river the Western limit of this district is 106 miles from the Mississippi, and that from Pearl river to the Mobile river it is 100 miles, and from thence to the Chattahoochee the Western limit of Georgia 175 miles—making the whole extent of the district on the boundary line 275 miles. It appears in like manner from a map lodged in the War office by Captain E. P. Gaines, that from the upper end of the Muscle Shoals on the Tennessee river due South to the national boundary it is 262 1/2 miles, which, after adding the distance from the Muscle Shoals to the Tennessee state line, will make the whole length of the District of Mobile about 280 miles.
So that this District, the existence of which is scarcely known to the American people, probably contains a greater number of square miles, than the important states of Pennsylvania or New York. However, as a great proportion of it is claimed by the Indians, that part to which the Indian title has been extinguished, and which is partially settled by the citizens of the United States, approaches nearer to the extent of Maryland, New Jersey or Connecticut.
The United States have the absolute right of soil and jurisdiction from the Pearl river to the Creek line, but a few miles East of the Eastern channel of the Mobile. The Northern boundary between the land of the United States in this district, and the Choctaws, is where it crosses Pearl river, 52 miles North of the national
* so called by the French probably on account of the uncertainty of its freshness. Mobile instead of Mobile, is a name very lately introduced probably from inadvertency.
† The proclamation establishing the country of Washington made the territorial boundaries upon the North, East and South, and Pearl river on the West, the limits of that county:—The Northern territorial boundary at that time crossed Pearl river; but the territory has since been extended so as to throw its Northern limit above the sources of Pearl river.
boundary, but the Eastern termination, on the dividing ridge, between the waters of Tombigby and Alabama, will probably be found (for the commissioners are now engaged in running it) to be considerably farther North from the Spanish line.
SOIL.
The soil of this district varies considerably in different parts of it. For the first 40 miles above the national boundary, the good land is generally speaking, confined to the low grounds, of the larger water courses. The swamps, as they are called, of Pearl river, of the Estobacha and Chickasawhatchee, forks of the Pascagoula, of the Mobile river, and of the Tombigby and Alabama, forks of the Mobile, are extensive, rich, and productive. The higher parts of the swamps are thickly covered with amazingly large and lofty cane, and the growth of timber, is cotton-wood, gum, oak, bay, laurel, magnolia. The lower swamp lands have no cane, but a magnificent growth of cypress is intermixed with other timber. The highest part of the swamp, is generally nearest the river. There are no levees or embankments, as on the Mississippi, and the floods which occur in a greater or a less degree every year evidently encrease the fertility of the land. The breadth of our river bottoms or swamps, varies very considerably. Probably they are for the most part from one mile to three miles wide, but more frequently less than two miles, than more than that width. Below the division, indeed, of the Mobile river, between Fort Stoddert and the line, the whole of the river swamps, including that of its three channels, is from eight to ten miles wide; and the same may be said of the land lying in the forks of the Alabama and Tombigby, for the space of a few miles above their junction. The other lands through this large extent of country, are generally open pine woods, affording good range for cattle, immense supplies of lumber, pitch, tar and turpentine, but whilst unmanured, affording no encouragement to tillage.
The same general observations which are here made, as to the country 40 miles above the national boundary line, will apply to the country below the line; except that where you approach within 20 or 25 miles of the sea coast, the pine lands, instead of being diversified by hill and dale, as they are above, become a dead uninteresting flat, a great part of which is in the rainy season covered with water, so as to render it unpleasant, though not impracticable to travel through it.
At a greater distance than 40 miles from the national boundary, as you proceed Northward, the face of the country and the natural soil considerably changes. Large bodies of fertile land, are then found at a considerable distance from the Tombigby river, and instead of the long-leaved pine alone, you behold a diversified and luxuriant growth of white oak, black oak, gum, magnolia, hickory, walnut, cherry and poplar. And the same observations hold good, not only as to the land West of the Tombigby, but likewise with regard to the land lying in the forks of that river and of the Alabama. Not however, that in either place, there are compact bodies of such rich lands, extending over a country of a great many miles, in circuit, as in Kentucky and the state of Ohio; but there are several parcels of such land sufficiently large to support respectable settlements.
As to that part of the District which lies in the great bend of the Tennessee, & forms the new county of Madison, the writer of this article can speak with no precision about it. The country, however, in the Great Bend, has been uniformly represented, as containing a fine body of land of excellent quality, and the rapid formation of an extensive settlement there, as soon as the Indian title was extinguished, established the truth of this representation. The lands said to be rich, but very broken. The water courses all afford good land;—and so indeed do the hills, but they are frequently too steep to admit of cultivation.
PRODUCE.
The actual produce of this country consists principally of Indian corn, and cotton. The river low lands, where not too wet, are probably as well adapted to the cultivation of those articles, as any land in America; and it is a circumstance very favorable
to the opinion that the Sea Island cotton would flourish well in the lower part of this country, that the green seed cotton has a perpetual tendency to change into the smooth black seed cotton, whereas in situations not favorable to the cultivation of the latter, it is said that it regularly degenerates into the former. The pinelands also, with the assistance of manure, provided the soil be sufficiently tenacious to hold it, will afford tolerable crops of corn and cotton; but no such assistance is necessary in the oak and hickory lands above, and much less on those rich bodies of land, which in a state of nature produce walnut, poplar and cherry. Some wheat, rye and oats for family consumption, are likewise raised in the good uplands; but wheat is by no means a certain or important crop. Small quantities of rice are cultivated in the river swamps: and there can be no doubt, but that there are many thousands of acres, very advantageously situated as to tide water, and at present useless, which might be profitably devoted to the production of that article.
Indigo, it is probable, would likewise be worthy of attention. Whether the sugar cane would answer in the lower part of the district, has not yet been subjected to experiment. It is said not to admit of cultivation in so high a latitude of the Mississippi; but it is probable that the influence, which the nearer position of the sea has upon the climate of the country on the Mobile, would justify the cultivation of the sugar cane on that river, in a latitude in which, on the Mississippi, it would be attended with no advantage.
Tar, pitch, turpentine and lumber, will no doubt become objects of great magnitude in this country, when a deliverance from Spanish oppression shall give free scope to the exertions of its inhabitants. The pine timber which grows here is remarkably magnificent, and it is esteemed to be the best kind of pitch pine. It is so abundant and stands so close on the ground, that in the space of three or four acres you will frequently find straight logs of 70 or 80 feet in length, sufficient in number to build a large log house. Saw-mills, therefore, will become a valuable article of property, and there is no country probably in which the streams of water are more permanent. We have no meadows, no artificial pastures, no timothy, no blue grass, no clover; we have but little fruit; apples are scarcely known; peaches are scarce, and yet both appear to flourish well, where attention has been paid to the cultivation.
CLIMATE.
The climate of the Mobile country is unquestionably highly favorable. The winters are mild, and the summers, though longer, not materially hotter than they are several degrees further to the northward. The direct heat of the sun is no doubt very great in the summer, and very unpleasant to strangers; but those who are accustomed to it, whether negroes or white men, appear to work under its powerful influence, without any material inconvenience: the heat is seldom oppressive within doors, and the nights are more comfortable than they are even in Virginia. We have but little ice, and rarely any snow. A few flakes fall, but none in the lower part of the settlement, made any appearance on the ground during the last winter. The cattle, so far from wanting any winter supplies from the industry of the summer, will not in general eat either hay or corn; nor do they require any salt. Indian corn may frequently be planted with success early in March; but it will come to maturity, though not planted till the middle of July. In the spring water of this country, near the 31st degree, Fahrenheit's Thermometer stands at 69 deg. which agrees with the mean annual temperature in the same latitude, as ascertained by the ingenious Mr. Kirwan. He sets it down for the standard situation, the Atlantic Ocean, at 69 deg. 9 min. The following extracts from a Thermometrical register kept in the years 1807 and 1808 near Fort Stoddert, will give the most accurate idea of the vicissitudes of our seasons. Those observations shall be selected which were made in the warmest time of the day, and at 10 or 11 o'clock at night: and the hottest and coldest days in every month shall be noticed. The thermometer being completely in the shade unless the contrary be particularly mentioned.
"On the 15th April, 1807, being the hottest day in the month, the Thermometer stood early in the afternoon at 82 deg. and at 71 deg. at night.
"On the 24 April, being the coldest day at 82 deg. at 2 o'clock.
"On the 17th May, being the hottest day, it stood at 99 deg. and 80 deg.
"On the 2d May the coldest day it stood at 66 deg. and 61 deg.
"On the 6th June the hottest day it stood at 99 deg. and 82 deg.
"On the 24th June the coldest day it stood at 82 and 68 deg.
"On the 10th July the hottest day it stood at 92 and 78 deg.
"On the 29th July the coldest day it stood at 74 and 65 deg.
"The results of 23 observations in this month, taken in the hottest part of so many days, gives 86 deg. as the mean heat.
"The only observation made in August, was on the 2d, when the thermometer was at 88 deg. at 4 in the afternoon.
"On the 5th of Sept. the hottest day in the month it stood at 95 & 81 deg.
"On the 8th, the coldest day, (thirty-six hours of rain having intervened since the 5th) it stood at 74 degrees only at 3 in the afternoon.
"The mean temperature of this month in the hottest part of the day, calculated from 22 observations, was 84 deg.
"In Jan. 1808, (for the register of the intermediate months is mislaid) it was at 55 deg. on the 8th at noon, at 61 deg. on the 9th at 3 in the afternoon, at 56 deg. on the 21st at 2 P. M. and at 60 deg. at 10 P. M. rain having intervened.
"On the 24th it was at 34 deg. at 8 A. M. at 52 deg. at 2 P. M. and at 76 deg. in the sun, and at 34 at 10 P. M.
"On the 12th Feb. the warmest day in the month it stood at 79 and 62 deg.
"On the 8th, the coldest day, at 56 & 43 degs.
"On the 29th in the sun, at 2 P. M. it stood at 99 degs. it was then 71 in the shade.
"On the 28th March, the warmest day in the month it stood at 86 degs. at 3 P. M.
"On the 21st, the coldest day, it stood at 63 and 55 degs.
To the bulk of readers these details will afford no satisfaction: but to others they will be highly interesting, and will communicate a much more accurate idea of the climate, than the more amusing descriptions which might be written under the dictate of corporeal sensation. The progress of the spring may probably be gathered from the following memorandum. April the 21 the trees in the swamps, in leaf: peach blossoms gone: green peas just in bloom. April 12th, peas (planted in Feb) in pod; peaches the size of a hazel nut. Fig trees in leaf: May 2d, green peas at table, which were planted in Feb. Strawberries ripe. May 16, mulberries ripe, blackberries, dewberries and whortle berries ripe. May 13, cucumbers large and in perfection. We have no glasses or hot-beds to force vegetation. June 29th, roasting ears at table. Lettuces and cabbages, though the latter do not head well, stand out very well all the winter.
In point of health, this climate is favorable or otherwise, according to local circumstances. The prevailing diseases are those of the class of hectics , and the fevers usually termed bilious . Where our powerful southern sun brings the swamp miasmata into action, disease seems to follow of course, and none but negroes well accustomed to the climate, can safely take up their residence in the low grounds, on the banks of our rivers. That grade of fever however, which is termed the yellow fever , does not seem to have made its appearance here: the high lands are probably as healthful as any so far to the south, and it is usual for those who cultivate the swamps, to have their residence in the pine woods, at some distance from their plantations.
STOCK.
Almost the only stock of the country on the Mobile and its waters, are horned cattle, hogs and horses. The stocks of horned cattle are numerous. Many of the inhabitants have from 500 to 1000 head. The only expence attending them, is that of keeping them together, driving them off to a distance from the settlements in the fall, visiting them occasionally in the winter, to prevent the depredations of the Indians, and collecting them in the spring at their respective cowpens. The cows however, do not generally have calves more than once in two years, and the milk they give, is far less in quantity than is given by cows in more northern countries. This is owing probably in part to the heat of the climate, and partly to the persecutions of the numerous swarms of flies, that perpetually torment them. They are rarely milked in the winter, as they are then kept at a distance from the habitations of their owners. The usual price of a cow and calf is 12 dollars, and of beef, from three to three and a half per hundred weight. Hogs are easily raised. In favorable seasons they fatten in the woods:—but if they are not fed occasionally, they are very prone to grow wild. The price of pork is generally six dollars per hundred weight. The enemies of the hogs and calves are the wolf and panther, and pigs are likewise frequently destroyed by the wild cat and the alligator. Horses are not numerous. There is a sufficient quantity to answer the purposes of the inhabitants—but they are seldom raised for sale. A small breed of Indian horses seems the most hardy and best adapted to the climate:—but the fine horses imported from the Northern states, appear peculiarly liable to be affected by diseases similar to those which most frequently attack the human species. Sheep are scarcely known. There are not probably one hundred head among all the settlers in the county of Washington. The few, however, which are kept, are healthy and thriving; but the wool is generally coarse, and some of them have a tendency to be hairy.
POPULATION.
The number of inhabitants in the county of Washington amounts to but five thousand. The population of the county did not probably exceed 2000; but the emigrations from Georgia and other states have recently been very considerable as to numbers, though not as to wealth. In the county of Madison, it is said that there are several thousand.
STATE OF SOCIETY AND IMPROVEMENTS.
The people are considerably dispersed, and have enjoyed but few opportunities for mental improvement. We have no colleges—no permanent schools, no regular places of worship—no literary institutions—no towns—no good houses, and but few comfortable ones.
Not many of our plantations exhibit any appearance of neatness, and the greatest part of our cotton, and a large proportion of our corn, is raised in open fields in the river swamps, without even a fence to protect it. There are no manufactures carried on except some small ones of cotton in the household way. There are but few mechanics, and scarcely any professional men but lawyers. This disheartening prospect originated partly, perhaps, in the negligence of the inhabitants, but still more probably in other causes. The country long languished under the Spanish government. After the Americans obtained possession of it, the titles to land were for some years unsettled. But what has more than all retarded the prosperity of the district is its insulated situation and its political connection with the Mississippi territory. Our neighbors on every side are Indians or Spaniards. We naturally catch their spirit and manners. We have heretofore been too small to form a distinct political community; and our being hung on to a territory, the seat of whose government and population is so remote from us, augmented the contemptibleness of our natural situation, and discouraged the approach of men whose wealth and energies are necessary to make a country thrive. The rivers of this country, not extending as the Mississippi does, through populous settlements of civilized man, bring no visitors to our district, and the attention of emigrants by land, who have any money to spend, is naturally fixed on that part of the southern country which has some political consideration, which is more likely than ours, to engross the care and the power of the local government, and to enjoy a representation in the national legislature. Hence this country from its first settlement has received but a small accession of agricultural or domestic improvement, of learning or of taste.
TRADE.
The people of this district usually dispose of their beef, pork and corn to the Spanish subjects in Mobile and Pensacola. Corn usually sells at a dollar per Spanish barrel, which is at the rate of 66 2/3 cents per bushel. The cotton commonly goes to Orleans, but is compelled to stop at Mobile and pay a duty of 12 per centum ad valorem. As our population increases, our trade will assume a more respectable character. We are close to the Havanna. Thither, and to the West Indies generally, will go our provisions, our tar, pitch, turpentine and lumber. Our cotton will be transmitted direct to Europe: for vessels drawing not more than 13 or 14 feet of water can come more easily to Fort Stoddert, six miles above the line, than they can go to New Orleans. Nor indeed will they meet with any obstruction in proceeding 40 miles farther, to St. Stephens, which may be regarded as the head of our navigation for sea vessels, and at the same time the centre of our population. Above that, there is an excellent boat navigation almost to the heads of the Tombigby, the depth of water in the shallowest places where there is a tolerable fresh, being four feet. Both forks of the Alabama are likewise navigable; and it is much to be lamented, that the first adventure down that stream, with the produce of Eastern Tennessee, has, it is said, been stopped by a band of worthless Creek Indians, to whom the want of a superintendent of Indian affairs in this country has long given a latitude of behaviour, and a confidence in villainy, in which a speedy check is demanded by the honor of the United States, and the interests of this settlement.

An article has recently appeared in the Independent American, transplanted from the Connecticut Mirror, a paper said to be conducted by Theodore Dwight, formerly a member of Congress, which has, no doubt amused many of our readers, and especially those who reside in the city and Geo. Town. We have some reason to expect from a member of Congress a knowledge of facts and a correct statement of them. Yet in this performance both these important qualifications are essentially wanting so far as relating to the city of Washington. The article we allude to seems to have been occasioned by an editorial article in this paper on the subject of education, a topic on which we have invariably insisted and shall ever insist as of infinite importance to the morals, the liberties and the reputation of our country. The honorable ex-member of Congress attempts to throw into ridicule the strenuous style in which we have inculcated education as a duty, and without the least possible connection, has proceeded to denounce the inattention to it in the Southern states, and to panegyric the great attention paid to it in the Eastern section of the union. He boasts that while the Southern people are theorising the Eastern are acting. If this should be the fact, what does it prove more forcibly than the duty of awakening the public mind to the greatness of this object, and exciting a zeal calculated to carry it into effect? And how can this be better done than through the medium of the press? If laws are wanting to establish schools, is it not essential in the first place to convince the public, who are to pass them, of their utility? Can the press perform a nobler duty? But it is not for the purpose of exposing the narrow feelings which dictated the observations of the Mirror or that we have undertaken to notice her. It is to vindicate, if not the Southern part of the union, at least that portion of it with which we are best acquainted. The whole community is interested in the condition of the metropolis, and it is of importance that its real situation should be accurately known. It is fairly to expose this situation, and in doing this to prove the injustice of the allegations of the editor of the Mirror, that we have taken up our pen; and we hope that we shall discharge this task in a manner so satisfactory even to that editor as to induce him, if not to publish this article, at least to make his reader acquainted with the facts it contains.
"The great body of the community" says Mr. Dwight "ought to possess the means of being taught reading, writing and arithmetic, and if we include English grammar and geography, it might not be amiss." "With respect to the first, reading, writing, &c. there is no mode by which this can be accomplished but by the establishment and support of common schools;" "so multiplied as to be in the neighborhood of every family, and so supported, as to relieve the poor from the expense of being taught." "Has this been done in any country? Has it been done in the U. States? In some parts, and pretty large parts too, of our country, it has been done." Mr. Dwight then inverts against the culpable inattention paid to this object in the southern states.
We now proceed to answer this interrogatory so far as respects the city of Washington. This place has been founded only nine years, during which period it has had greater disadvantages to contend with than perhaps any other town in the union. Notwithstanding this, it is now four years since a law was passed by the Council making an annual appropriation of fifteen hundred dollars for the education of children, whose parents or guardians are unable to pay the expense. At the same time, when the population did not exceed 5,000, above four thousand dollars were subscribed by the citizens for the erection of school-houses, with which two spacious edifices have been erected. At these schools above three hundred poor children have been instructed in reading, writing, English grammar and arithmetic, and a much larger number of pupils in these as well as in higher branches. At the time these schools were founded there were but three private schools in the city; whereas, now, such is the almost universal attention bestowed on education, there are at least ten. From these facts the public will decide whether this great object has been neglected in this place, or whether the public attention has not been efficaciously excited to its accomplishment.
We are told that the state of Connecticut pays annually from the public treasury the sum of 84,000 dollars. Computing the numbers of that state at 300,000, this is equal to a contribution of 28 cents by each soul. In
the city of Washington, computing the population at 6,000 it is equal to 25 cents. So closely has our city in its infancy approached the state of Connecticut in its maturity, in this important object.
Mr. Dwight advises us that the plan in Connecticut "has not been realised by the force of abstract philosophical logic, but by the force of law and sound philosophical opinion." We will venture to tell Mr. Dwight that he is mistaken, and to assure him that but for the "abstract philosophical logic" of his ancestors, the "laws" and the "sound public opinion," so deservedly on this head the pride of Connecticut, would have never existed. Before good laws are enacted and sound opinions prevail, the public mind must be enlightened, and philosophy only can spread this illumination; not the philosophy that is exclusively occupied with abstract science, but the philosophy that incessantly and zealously strives to promote the general welfare. This is the true philosophy which has ever been the precursor of the civilization, the virtue and happiness of nations. Banish it from the world, and it will soon be again involved in the dreary night that preceded it down.
Mr. Dwight has done us an injustice, which we flatter ourselves he will take pleasure in correcting. He says that a few years ago we were "left to make some remarks highly complimentary to the state of Connecticut, respecting schools and instruction." But that shortly afterwards we were induced "to take them all back again and to insist upon it that we did not mean what we said." We assure Mr. D. that this is not the fact. We will not ascribe to him a wilful misrepresentation of facts. He has probably been the victim of some calumny. We have always thought and spoke highly of Connecticut on this point. We have spoken the invariable and immutable opinions we have and must always entertain on this head. We have done now. With one single exception, we have frequently and zealously recommended her plan; we allude to that feature which embraces the legal support of religion, which we think should be left entirely to individuals. We rejoice in the existence of this plan in New England, we contemplate it as a noble monument of wisdom and beneficence; and nothing would give us greater delight than to see it universally diffused throughout our country. It is, then, a great injustice to charge us with retracting our sentiments on this head. We do not recollect to what particular piece allusion is had; there may have been some communication inserted in the National Intelligencer disapproving the Connecticut plan; but it came not from our pen, and we disclaim all responsibility for it. Mr. D. is welcome to the motives which prompted the insinuation of our being "left to make some remarks," &c. In drawing the portrait of another we sometimes unfortunately for us copy our own. If this has been the case in this instance, it may be futile to assure Mr. D. that so long as we edit a public print there is no influence under heaven that can induce us to support a cause which we do not believe honorable and just.
To draw these remarks to a close, why reproach each other on the topic which has given birth to them? Our interest is the same. Let us then take pleasure in every advance that is made, whether by the north or the South, in the tract of improvement. Our lot is morally as well as physically diversified. We have all of us commendable as well as reprehensible traits of character. As our estate is human how can it be otherwise? Let us imitate the one and avoid the other. Above all, let us practice as well as inculcate harmony and good will among each other.
Col. Cocke, formerly a Senator of the United States, is elected Governor of Tennessee by a majority of two or three thousand votes.
A fire broke out at Norfolk yesterday week on the wharves, which consumed five warehouses, with most of their contents, before it was arrested—loss 15,000 dollars. The fire was at last arrested by a fire-proof house, on which circumstance the Norfolk Herald makes the following remarks which we extract as affording an useful lesson to merchants and others in relation to building warehouses, &c.:
"But what commanded our admiration (if admiration could be excited when viewing the dreadful spectacle) was the warehouse of Mr. Thomas Dickson, adjoining the houses that were on fire. For nearly three hours did the flames beat with unabated fury against it, without producing any visible effect. It stands an imperishable monument of the policy and interest of erecting fire-proof houses; as, had it not been for this happy circumstance, Norfolk would this day present as gloomy an aspect as it did in the winter of 1804."
We are extremely happy to learn, that the unfortunate captives confined at Carthagena, for the connection with Miranda, have succeeded in effecting their escape and have returned in health to their native country.
Phil. Gaz.
FROM THE WHIG.
COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
"Black as it stood at night."
So glutted is the English market with American produce, that no cargo will pay prime cost, duty and freight. Though we have received a Liverpool Price Current of American produce, it is hardly worth while to refer to it. The following will explain in part the cause of depreciation:
Liverpool, 27th June.
"Since the 10th inst. 112 vessels have arrived here, from the United States, whose cargoes consist of
 33,817 bales cotton  58,675 barrels flour  3,071 half-barrels do.  58,917 bushels wheat  3,639 bags, &c. corn  6,679 tiers rice  1,210 half tiers do.  5,867 barrels ashes  8,517 barrels turpentine  9,749 barrels tar  25 barrels rosin  49 barrels pitch  888 thousand of staves  1,792 hogsheads tobacco  11 cargoes timber  1,233 casks flax seed  187 casks clover seed  206 casks quercitron bark, &c. 
On the first arrival of these supplies, rice, naval stores and staves were sold about 10 per cent. lower than our present quotations; the advance have been occasioned by a very brisk demand for these articles both from dealers and speculators.
The act for the regulation of new duties has passed, but is not yet printed, and we are again therefore obliged to defer our usual list of duties and regulations regarding imports. Till we can furnish you with this, we beg particularly to call your attention to what we have said in our letters of the 2d August and 29th April last, on this subject, and to our former list of duties and regulations. We think it desirable to remark, however, that we are informed, that the duty on cotton will be only 3d per lb. and that staves, under 1 1/2 inch thick, will after the 5th July, instead of the high duty mentioned in our letter of the 2d of August, only pay about
 11. 11s. 0d per thousand of barrels  3 0 0 — — — hogsheads  5 0 0 — — — pipes  besides which an additional duty of 1s. per barrel on flour is mentioned.
A very large military expedition is at present preparing, the destination of which is variously conjectured. Some merchants however, under the impression that it is to be employed in the north, look forward to an opening for trade with the continent as a possible result.
We are, respectfully, Sir, your obedient servants, HUGHES & DUNCAN.
We have since made the following extracts from the Price Current:
 Wheat (after payment of duty) 12s. 6d. per 70 lbs.  Flour, superfine, 43s. per barrel  Rice, 24s. per cwt.  Flax seed, for crushing 10s. and 10s. 6d. per bushel  Ashes pot, Boston 40s.  Turpentine, soft 18s.  Pitch, hard 9s. 6d.  Tar, 25s.  Tobacco, York and James river, 6 1-2d. per lb.  Rappahannock 6d.  Potomac 5 1-2d.  Georgia 6d.  Carolina 5 1-2d. 
As soon as the removal of the embargo was known here, the demand for wheat and flour became suspended; the first afterwards, of the former, was made at 13s. 9d. per 70 lbs. and of the latter at 48s. per barrel; since then prices have been gradually declining, and wheat is at present only nominal. Fine fresh flour, free from any garlicky taste or oily smell, on the other hand meets a ready sale at 44s. a 45s. per barrel; but that which is exceptional in these qualities, which is the case with a great part of what is arrived, can only be sold at a reduced price. It appears probable that both wheat and flour will continue to fluctuate without any material decline or advance, unless influenced by the state of the weather, or the extent or smallness of future arrivals. Though it is rather too early to possess the means of judging of the crops on the ground, we may remark, that till within the last seven days, we have had a long run of 4 to 5 weeks of cold unseasonable weather, by which the harvest must be retarded and rendered more precarious, but it is not supposed that the crops have yet sustained any actual injury.
The quantity of rice arrived exceeds 7000 tiers, and though this is a very large supply, considering that we are deprived of any export vent, yet the consumption has greatly increased, in consequence of the lowness of the prices; and it is purchased at the annexed quotations nearly as fast as it can be landed. Further supplies however are immediately expected, as it is calculated that not more than half the vessels loaded in the Southern ports have yet arrived; and should they prove considerable, we think a further reduction in prices is likely to take place.
Flax-seed is likely to support these prices, as the supply is not expected to exceed the demand.
Of ashes 6000 barrels have already arrived from the U. States and considerable supplies being expected from Canada, we are of opinion that prices must decline still lower.
The arrivals of Quercitron Barks are hitherto very inconsiderable, but the usual supplies would occasion a reduction in prices of from 30 a 50 per ct.
The reduction in the prices of naval stores occasioned by the late arrival, has induced the dealers, whose stock were generally exhausted, to lay in fresh supplies, which has taken off the greater part of the late arrivals. Should supplies, however, continue to come forward, we calculate upon a future reduction in prices.
The late importations of tobacco are very considerable and the quantity generally inte-
rior; but as it appears probable that the supplies of middling and inferior descriptions will far exceed the consumption, we fear this article will continue to be sold at a great loss, unless some vent for exportation should arise.
FROM THE SALEM REGISTER.
The most interesting event of the war in Europe at the present moment appears to be the expedition from England. We need no additional evidence that it was a design to kindle the war upon the continent at all points, and that the English court had determined to give it every assistance not only by the most liberal promises and subsidies, but by every possible concurrence. The Prussian officers had long been taught to consider their defeat as the result either of treachery or malconduct, and the people of Europe under their embarrassments had accustomed themselves to say, that they could help themselves by doing what was in their power. We had reason to apprehend more from the first insurrections in Saxony and Pomerania, than we have actually found, and the events of the north have rather contributed to enlarge our ideas of the power of the French Emperor, than to convince us that the defection was small and unsupported. We know not what new insurrections are to be created, but it is not to be doubted that other mines remain to be sprung. The last accounts from England exhibit the spirit of the English nation. The great quantity of artillery, the naval strength, and the troops to be transported, all indicate a purpose to employ a favorable moment for a great explosion. It is not our office to say in what direction this force will be employed. It appears to be the moment in which success must be attempted, or the cause of opposition to the French must be abandoned. In Spain every thing is done to maintain the spirit of opposition to the French, and every thing is told which may produce discouragement after numerous defeats. We can give little credit to the various accounts. The aggravated accounts on one side produce very strong representations on the other. The French do not conduct in Spain as when the conquest of this country was the great object, but no success has been so uniform as to produce discouragement, though it has produced delay. The French officially deny that they have withdrawn a single regiment from Spain to recruit their armies in Germany. The correspondence of Gen. Sebastiani and Villanos and Vinegas is interesting as a picture of French views, and Spanish purposes, without regard to the reputation of the writers. The spirit of the last paragraph of Venegas's letter is supposed to be that of the Spanish leaders. "Chosen by the Supreme Government to lead my countrymen in this sacred conflict, it shall ever be my resolution to save my country, or perish with it." It seems agreed that the Spanish general Blake has not had the success in the neighborhood of Saragossa which he expected. So various are the tales respecting the operations between Madrid and Seville, that we need not notice them at present as true history. The late papers have given us Prince Serge Galtze's proclamation upon entering Galicia; and upon taking possession of Brody. It asserts that the alliance of Russia with France was made known to Austria, and had resolved on a war, but promised protection to the peaceable inhabitants. It still remains doubtful whether the Russians intend to send any troops to unite with the French army. Whether the operations in Galicia are not like those in Finland, for the possession of a country long desired and important to Russia, and whether the next direction will not be with full force to repel the Turkish armies from the Danube and to force an entry into Constantinople. The more correctly the positions and movements of the Russian armies are known, the more the evidence is in favor of their operations in Turkey. We are now assured that the new king of Naples had directed his course for Rome, and it is said that the English were withdrawing their troops from Sicily. This occurrence is unexplained. The French on the Danube have not lately been in motion. The viceroy of Italy has displayed his bravery at Raab, and we are now informed that gen. Kellerman had crossed the Danube in such a position as to oblige the duke Charles to engage him, and that we may expect another important action in a short time. Of the operations in Saxony we have no particular account only that the two armies at the last date were not far from each other, without a correct statement of the strength of the two armies, or any circumstances from which it may be conjectured. We are deeply interested in the event.
From the Alex. Daily Advertiser, Mr. Snowden.
Reading the news of the County of Warwick, England, I find the following: "Laely at the quarter sessions of Warwick, a miscreant named Tonks was sentenced to be imprisoned three months, and publicly whipped, for ill-treating a horse: a punishment that seems well calculated to check the offence on the abuse and cruelty practised daily upon this useful, generous, and noble animal."
Should you deem the above extract worthy of insertion in your paper, it may peradventure, produce some mitigation of the cruelties daily exercised by some of their merciless drivers.
From the American.
We republish the following from a London paper, to show the character of the British negotiator Jackson, who is about to come out to apologize for the perfidy of the British cabinet. From the nature of his mission to Denmark, we are led to draw an inference of the nature of his visit to this country, particularly as the whole disposable force of Great Britain is fitting out for a secret expedition on foreign service. A great and decisive battle is anxiously looked for to take place between the Archduke Charles and the French emperor, and it is expected that neither Jackson nor the secret expedition will leave England until the event of the expected engagement shall be known in London.
BRITISH ARGUMENTS.
From the London Courier, of Aug. 17, 1807.
SEIZURE OF COPENHAGEN.
Our formidable expedition in the Baltic has now reached its destination and its object. It appears that a demand was made by Mr. Jackson the British negotiator, of the Prince royal of Denmark, the substance of which was as follows: "That in the present disturbed state of the cabinet, it was impossible to distinguish any longer between a neutral & an enemy, but by her becoming either an ally or an open foe:—That something, therefore, was required beyond an ordinary presumption of the real disposition of every state; and that whilst the influence of an implacable enemy predominated over every power within his reach, and either checked or converted into immediate hostility every engagement or inclination unfavorable to his interest, it was impossible to consider the ordinary convenants of any neutral nation either as a sufficient security for her own independence, or for those who confided in her neutrality. It became the duty of England therefore, to discriminate in these circumstances, between rights paramount & invariably binding upon all states, and rights which might be suffered to relax and yield to that state of expediency, in which a certain course of measures might involve the existence of a nation."
"In this state, therefore, it was dangerous to Great Britain, and therefore ceased to be her duty to recognize any longer the neutrality of Denmark, without a sufficient pledge; that this pledge was a permission to garrison the fortresses which commanded the passage of the Sound and the navigation of the Baltic, together with the free use of the Danish ports for her shipping until, such time as the pressure of circumstances ceasing, the exigency on the part of Great Britain should likewise determine."
It is scarcely to be doubted but that the prince royal was somewhat struck with this demand. He is said, however, to have replied with great calmness and intrepidity, "That the course of conduct required of Denmark was not that of a neutral or even of an ally, but of a belligerent. He was bound, therefore, in all sense of dignity, to repel the demand made upon her; and it remained for England to look for her justification to the general judgment of Europe which would determine on which side the neutrality of the two kingdoms was first violated." Denmark had no choice but to resist; whilst England had that of honor & a treaty.
* A London paper of August 1807, very justly says, "An expedition more formidable for mischief of any kind was never fitted out in this kingdom."
Baltimore, August 22.
The Court of Oyer and Terminer of Baltimore county, now in session, have been for the last two weeks employed in the trial of an indictment against one of the members of "The Journeyman Cordwainers Society" of this city, for conspiring with the other members of that Society to prevent a Journeyman, who had been excluded from their Society, from obtaining employment from a master Cordwainer. After being eleven days engaged in hearing testimony and the arguments of counsel, the jury retired from the bar yesterday at 3 o'clock, and this morning returned a verdict of GUILTY.
Norfolk, Aug. 18.
His B. M. brig Contest, capt. Gregory, sailed yesterday from Hampton Roads for England, with dispatches from Mr. Erskine to his government.
Herkimer, August 10, 1809.
Remarkable Season.—For a few days past the weather has been quite cold and stormy. Yesterday, we were credibly informed by a number of the inhabitants of the adjacent town of Warren, that Snow fell for several minutes: and indeed it was so bleak and cold as to be quite uncomfortable. Last evening it was observed that at almost every house in the village, the families of each were sitting round an enlivening fire as if it was really winter. This morning a frost whitened the surface of the earth. Our farmers will have a poor harvest. Many have hay still to make, while their wheat is ripe and ready to harvest, which will generally be grown and much damaged. Indian Corn will turn out little or nothing, it having been planted late, and having had so much cold wet weather, that it is probable most of it can never get ripe.
New-York, August 21.
LATEST FROM LISBON.
Last evening arrived at this port, the ship Edward, captain Elliott, from Lisbon, which place he left on the 6th of July.
Capt. E. did not bring any Portuguese papers, but informs us, that the French had entirely evacuated Portugal—that the Portuguese and British armies were preparing to pursue the French in their retreat through Spain, and that the greatest patriotism prevailed amongst the Portuguese and British since the retreat of the French from Oporto.
Captain E. further states, that the

Markets for American produce were good at Lisbon—flour 12 d. st. —corn two dollars—and other American produce equally good.
From the Boston Palladium of Friday FOREIGN NEWS.
By the Fair Trader, capt. Shackelford, which arrived yesterday morning from Halifax, we received papers to the 8th inst. and letters to the 10th. The papers contain London dates to July 5, and our letters mention the arrival of the packet on the 9th from Falmouth, on her way to New York, bringing London intelligence to the 7th. No paper had been published at Halifax after her arrival. We have, however, a few articles of intelligence received by her.
A London paper of July 5, had mentioned that "it was said" orders had been given for a general embargo in Great Britain and Ireland. But we have not learnt whether the packet brought intelligence confirming or contradicting this report. From the silence on this point we doubt whether the measure had been taken. But if it were, a move can be perceived in the near approach of the moment for the sailing of the great expedition. There could be no reason to consider the measure as taken from hostility to this country.
Since writing the above we have seen a letter which mentions that the packet brought news of the embargo. A gentleman passenger in the Fair Trader believes she only brought information that the expectation of an embargo continued.
Extract of letters from Halifax, Aug. 8. "By the arrival of the frigate Jamaica and the ship Bee from England, we have London papers to July 5."
"The French army near Vienna still continues inactive. The Russian force which is said to be approaching, consists of only 4000 men. The Prussians will strengthen Austria to this amount, if it is true they have declared against France."
"The Austrians occupy the bank of the Danube opposite to Presburg, and above and below Vienna—and frequently annoy the enemy."
"There are some hints of overtures for peace between the emperor of Austria and France. Baron Von Vincent is said to be gone to Vienna; and Bonaparte has sent Counts Pergen and Zengerdorff to Walvansdorff, where the Emperor of Austria resides. The Moniteur says, "this circumstance has given rise to reports of peace."
"Admiral Cochrane is coming here from the West Indies, with his squadron. It is said he will be expected in about a fortnight."
August 9.—"The Lady Pellew packet has just arrived from Falmouth, in 29 days. I have yet only seen a London paper of July 6, the English Chronicle. It says, "We stop the press to state, that intelligence to the 30th ult from Coruna, announces the entire evacuation of Galicia by the armies under Ney and Soult, whose united forces have been reduced to 12000. They carried with them 6000 sick and wounded. Thus the port of Ferrol is again delivered from the enemy."
August 9.—at night—"Since writing this morning I have seen a London paper, the Evening Mail of July 7. The postscript says—letters from Heligoland of the 2d inst. were received yesterday.—It was reported and believed there, at that date, that a further battle had taken place between the two grand armies near the Danube, in which the French were defeated with great loss."
"Our collector has just informed me that the clause in the act permitting the American trade to these ports (Halifax, Shelburne, &c.) in American bottoms, having expired with the last session of Parliament, a new clause has been passed previous to its expiration, authorizing his majesty to permit that trade under certain restrictions, by his order in council, until the year 1812—but, his majesty not having thought proper to renew his order in council to that effect, the trade to these ports in American bottoms could no longer be permitted here."
From a London Paper of July 7. Yesterday, Mr. Jackson, his majesty's envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary to the United States of America, took leave of his majesty previous to leaving England.
From English Papers received at Halifax.
From the Austrian Imperial Headquarters.
WOLVENDORF, JUNE 12.
His majesty the emperor of Austria has received the following report, by a courier who was despatched from Innsbruck the 31st of May:
"After field marshal lieutenant Chasteler, who commanded in Tyrol, had marched to Lienz, in Pusterdale, in order to attack the Italian army, which was advancing against Styria and Ca-
rinthia, with part of his corps, the Austrian major general Buol remained with part of the 7th corps, in the strong position at the foot of the Brenner mountain, in the Lienz, in order to cover South Tyrol from the attacks of Bavarian troops, which had entered Innsbruck."
While the inhabitants of the town of Innsbruck and Hall were laying down their arms in order to relieve their districts from the calamities they suffered, fresh assemblages of armed peasants were formed in the vale of the Upper Inn, as well as the Lech, and in Vinschgau, with the assistance of Teimer, as in the dale of the Lower Inn and the Wipp, chiefly by the well known Sandwirth and Audura Holes, who commands the fusileers; and as early as the 27th of May, the former arrived with 2000 men, in the environs of Schonberg and major Teimer, with a large number in Tell. Schonberg is situated three, and Tell five hours march from Innsbruck."
On the 28th an action took place with the Bavarian troops, from 6 to 8000 strong, and an armistice was concluded for 12 hours. The Bavarians had evacuated Innsbruck, but were overtaken near Vomp, where another severe conflict was fought. According to the same account, the imperial Austrian troops are making inroads from the southern part of the Tyrol, as far as Verona."
(Utrecht Gazette of June 12.)
LONDON, JULY 5. THE EXPEDITION.
From the secrecy which has hitherto been preserved, there is not the smallest reason to believe that the numerous points of destination which have been ascribed to the expedition are announced on any better authority than that of mere conjecture. The quantity of artillery, both field and battering, is so numerous, as to render it extremely probable that a sudden attack is meditated on some great naval arsenal, or place of strength of some of our enemies. It is already discovered that it will be impossible to complete the various arrangements so early as the 8th instant, on which day it was originally proposed that the expedition should sail, and to collect the whole at one point is found to be equally impracticable, within any reasonable time; the expedition must therefore sail from different ports. Portsmouth is the grand point of assembly; at Harwich and the Downs also troops are collecting. Notwithstanding the expedient of employing ships of war to convey the troops, which now appears to be a measure of necessity, the deficiency is such, that even foreign vessels have been taken up by government as transports.
Orders are said to have been issued for a rigorous and general embargo in every port in the United Kingdom.
New York, Aug. 22.
By the brig Argus, from Gibraltar, we have received Gibraltar papers to the 27th June. They contain nothing new except some marine articles.
The U. S. sloop of war Wasp, lieut. Lawrence, bound to France, with despatches, was spoken by the Argus on the 19th inst. lat. 39, 35, long. 70, 30.
MANIFESTO OF THE SPANISH NATION TO EUROPE.
Dated at the Royal Palace of Alcazar. SEVILLE, Jan. 1, 1809.
NATIONS of Europe, Princes on your thrones, and good men of all ranks and conditions! In the name of the Spanish nation, the supreme Central and Governing Junta of Spain, to whom, owing to the unjust and perfidious captivity of her king, she has instructed her government, is about to expose to you a series of her misfortunes, and of the insults she has suffered. Making to you a faithful representation of her present state and designs, she demands with confidence your compassion for her sufferings, and your interest for her fate.
The world can testify with what constancy Spain has adhered to France, and the uninterrupted friendship she has preserved for her, during the interval of one hundred years. They waged war in common—in common they made peace: the same were their allies, the same their relations. But France, by her preponderancy which she enjoyed in Europe, and the superior influence of her kings, who were considered as the principal branch of the family, pointed out their enterprises, and directed their operations; consequently all the benefits, which could result from such an union, were her own, and Spain derived therefrom no other utility, reaped no other glory, than that of being the first and greatest instrument of the splendid power of her ally.
This union subsisted until the revolution of France: when the expulsion
of the Bourbon family from the throne of their ancestors put an end to every family compact. Under these circumstances, other views, other political relations, another posture was necessary for the Spanish monarchy; which Charles the IV. appeared to adopt, when in 1793, he declared himself against France and united his forces with the great coalition of Europe. But, the arbitrary influence, which the favorite who has been the cause of our destruction, already possessed over our deliberations, wretchedly directed our military operations, in the hour of conflict, and our diplomatic transactions at the conclusion of peace. An unsuccessful war succeeded by a shameful peace; and in this peace by a ruinous and unequal alliance. From that time until the present, Spain, chained to the car of France, has been compelled servilely to follow its violent and rapid motion.
Why were all the advantages on the side of France? The fruits of their industry, enlivened by our treasures, were consumed in Spain and in Spanish America: their's were our armies, their's our ports, our ships, and we may even say our colonies. From this public relation of power to power, followed a good understanding and adherence among individuals. We always received them like brothers, and in their two expeditions to Spain, our peasants deprived themselves of bread, in times of the greatest scarcity, in order to give it to their troops; and even the women who had just brought their children into the world, abandoned their beds, and yielded them to the French soldiers. Let Frenchmen remember this; those who possess any shame that they may blush, and those who have none, that they may duly examine the political views of the man, to whom they have committed their interests, and who, to satisfy that hydrophic thirst for command, which consumes him, has deprived his nation forever of such immense benefits.
And what in return are those which Spain has received from that alliance, before the infamous rupture? Two maritime wars equally fatal: our squadrons sacrificed at the caprice of our allies: important colonies lost; the principal nerve of our industry cut asunder by the interruption of our relations in America: Louisiana ceded by Etruria to the French, and immediately sold by them, contrary to the express stipulated convention, never to alienate it: Etruria the price of this cession, and the immense sums of money, violently forced from the Prince who possessed it; and the immense current of silver and gold which flowed incessantly from Spain into France, in order to quench the insatiable avarice of her rulers: in short, the silly administration of the favorite, maintained and protected by her, is another of the bitter fruits, which their friendship produced to us.
The constant and only maxim, which directed our cabinet in their operations, was to satisfy the French. The favorite of Charles, who always regarded them as the authors of his destruction, sacrificed every thing to his own preservation, and to this end, there was no meanness, no vile condescension to which he did not stoop. Our princes were totally ignorant of the grand main, that the best, the only defence against the aggressions of an ambitious man, is the love and the respect of the people. From error to error, from cession to cession, involved in a fatal lethargy, they were hastening towards their destruction, & still continued to expect every thing from the wretch, who had so perfidiously deceived them.
The fatal flame, which in its career of destruction had swallowed up Italy and Holland, overturned the political order of Germany, and ruined Prussia, having been stopped in its progress by the peace of Tilsit, fell back with violence, to exercise its fury in the West. The unjust invasion of Portugal, and some pretended expeditions into Africa, were the pretext with which French troops were first introduced into Spain; and the offer of a sovereignty in that kingdom, the lure by which he drew the favorite into the snare, which he was preparing for him. To these arrangements was added the scandalous scene of the Escurial, the fatal effect of the division of the royal family, brought on by the vile and secret intrigues of the French. Spain and Europe learned with astonishment the accusation of particle adduced by Charles IV. against his successor, and heard with horror a father demand the sword of justice against the supposed attempts of his first born son: but Europe and Spain refused their assent to such a calumny, and they did not stain even with a suspicion the innocence of a virtuous prince. Slighted, persecuted, deprived of the love and confidence of his parents, his respect and obedience had never been wanting
and his true crime was his being feared and detested by the favorite. The infamous wretch did not dare to consummate the crime, and terrified with the silence of reprobation, which he perceived from the Spanish loyalty, he retracted from his execrable intention, and made this one step more towards his destruction.
In the mean time, the French troops were entering Spain; and Napoleon perceiving a most favorable opportunity for the execution of his designs, whilst they were engaged in this shameful dispute, gave the signal for action to his generals. The fortresses of Pampeluna, Barcelona, and Figueras, were treacherously seized, by the soldiers, who had been received as friends, in those cities. When this infraction of the laws of hospitality was known, the whole kingdom was alarmed, and the government shuddered; but too weak openly to resist, it was obliged to be contented with the vain apologies which the French made, and returned again to its slumbers. They already approached towards the capital: the mystery of their designs, and the affection with which, in their public discourses, they honored the nation, without ever mentioning their princes, augmented the inquietude and fears, and destroyed the hopes of the nation, who thought at first that they only came to put an end to the tyranny of Godoy; and he, at length persuaded that their intentions were not favorable towards him, gave sudden directions for the departure of the Court for Andalusia, in order that from thence they might pass into America.
The patience of the Spaniards could hold out no longer. They perceived that they were about to lose every hope upon which they could rely, every object which could inspire them with any respect. The people looked upon themselves as forsaken by their princes, without a government, without protection, abandoned to the mercy of strangers and exposed to the same fate as Portugal, where, having been received without resistance, their first step towards reformation had been to confiscate all public and private property, and impose an immense contribution, which was to serve as a ransom. They raised therefore their voice and would not consent to the departure of the royal family: the favorite fell headlong into that obscurity, from which he ought never to have been drawn; and his protectors not wishing, or not knowing how to reign without him, abdicated the throne in favor of their heir. Ferdinand VII. was solemnly and generally acclaimed and acknowledged king by the people, who were to obey him. The nation revived suddenly from death unto life: confidence again reigned in their hearts, and happiness and joy were evinced in every quarter. None, better than the French, can, if they will ever tell the truth, depose as to this unanimity of sentiment, this universal joy, these truly national acclamations and applauses.
The political relations, which still appeared to bind the two nations together, were not broken off by this change: the public and secret measures which from the moment of his exaltation to the throne, were adopted by the young monarch, were principally directed towards strengthening and consolidating these bonds. When Prince of Asturias, Ferdinand had sought the friendship of Napoleon, had implored his protection against the oppression under which he suffered, and intimated a desire of being connected with his family. Now, king of Spain and the Indies, he professed the same sentiments; he sent a solemn and extraordinary embassy, to announce to the emperor his exaltation to the throne; reiterated his demand for the connexion—being informed that he was approaching towards Spain, he sent the Infant his brother to compliment him; and he himself went out to receive him, when in consequence of the news given to him by the unfaithful emissaries of Donaparte, he thought that he would meet him within the limits of his kingdom.
These demonstrations of friendship and confidence would have been sufficient to disarm any man, however fierce or wicked, if he had preserved in his breast any traces of humanity. Napoleon taking advantage of them, prosecutes the detestable plan of his artifices and the innocent deluded monarch goes from Burgos to Victoria, from Victoria to Bayonne, where he at length finds his ally, who, as soon as he has him in his power, commands him to renounce in his favor the crown, with which his people had encircled his brows. In order to overcome the resistance, which he finds in the Spanish Prince at so degrading a proposal, he causes the parents of the king, who already seduced by his intrigues, had protested against their abdication, to be also carried to Bayonne. There setting himself up as the defender of the rights of the father against the son, availing himself of the filial respect, which always glowed in the virtuous bosom of Ferdinand, and abusing the melancholy condition of both, he compels the son to restore the crown to the father, and the father to renounce it in favor of himself.
And what was the situation, what were the sentiments of the Spanish people, whilst he was preparing, whilst he was executing this tyrannical, this shameful scene; whilst he was thus violating all the fundamental laws of the monarchy, and thus opposing every desire of the national will. Restrained within the limits of their immaculate loyalty and love of order, whilst they entertained the hope that their king would be acknowledged, they shewed no disgust, no impatience against the French, who being stationed within the capital and its environs, availed themselves of the name of Ferdinand and his government, to enjoy the noble treatment and bounty of the Spanish generosity. But when they saw that their king, notwithstanding the promises he had made at his departure, did not return; when the horrible plot, which he was forging, in Bayonne, was whispered among them; and seditious papers scattered abroad, crying down the happy revolution, which they had just effected; when, in short they perceived the last remains of the royal family carried off from the mansion of their ancestors; then discontents broke out into complaints and clamor, and their restrained fury began to announce an inevitable rupture. The French took advantage of this violent state of their minds, and by their atrocious management and intrigues, hastened the memorable event of the 2d May. They already wished to unfold measures of terror, thinking that by humbling the capital, they would humble the whole nation, and they seized upon the first pretext, which was of-
feted them by a dispute, which with peace measures might easily have been adjusted. Thirsting after blood, impatient for tyranny, they fired unexpectedly upon the people, who had yet done no harm, and extended their murderous columns through the passable streets of Madrid. The inhabitants indignant, ran to arms; hand to hand, body to body they closed with the battalions, and displayed more valor than their enemies, both in annoying them and yielding to death, notwithstanding the superiority of those base assassins in street-fight, discipline and military array. The blood flowed in torrents, and the neighborhood, although greatly unequal in numbers, although forsaken by their government, although they were neither assisted nor directed by the military, whom the strictest orders kept within their quarters, maintained the struggle with firmness and in many places with advantage, when the voice of peace and concord, issuing from the mouths of the Magistrates, returned and disarmed them.
The combat ceased, and horror horror! the barbarous Frenchmen took possession of Madrid in a military manner, and detained every person they met under arms, or with utensils that resembled them; and these unfortunate wretches without trial, without preparation, were with the greatest inhumanity, during that night and the following morning, plunged into eternity, within sight of their very homes. The dreadful silence of that cruel night was only interrupted by the report of the guns, and the groans of the dying. The brave Spaniards, detained and disarmed, could neither lead their protection to their brethren, nor fly to avenge their cause.
The fatal day placed in the hands of the French the supreme authority of the state, and the renunciations of Bayonne, which immediately appeared, announced to the monarchy, that its fate was in future to depend upon the will of Napoleon. He ceded the crown of Spain to his brother Joseph, & in order to give to these acts a ridiculous authority, characteristic of the French insignificance, he convoked at Bayonne an assembly of Spaniards, some corrupt, others imbecile, and the most of them defective: who, without any commission or public representation, affixed their signatures and approbation to a miserable scrawl, which Napoleon and his secretaries decorated with the pompous title of the constitution of Spain.
{To be Continued.}
[BY AUTHORITY.]
An Act making appropriations for sundry contingent expenses.
BE it enacted by the First and Second Chambers of the City Council of Washington, That for defraying the expense of House Rent for the Council, Stationery and Fuel, a sum not exceeding two hundred dollars be and the same is hereby appropriated.
SAML. N. SMALLWOOD, President of the First Chamber. DANL. RAPINE, President of the Second Chamber. APPROVED, August 16th, 1809. ROBERT BRENT, Mayor.
An Act making an appropriation for the support of the Poor, Infirm and Distressed of the city of Washington.
Sec. 1. BE it enacted by the First and Second Chambers of the City Council of Washington, That for the support of the poor, infirm, and diseased of the city of Washington from the first day of July one thousand eight hundred and nine, until the first day of July one thousand eight hundred and ten, a sum not exceeding one thousand dollars be, and the same hereby is appropriated, and the Treasurer is hereby authorised to pay the same over to the Trustees of the Poor.
Sec. 2. And be it enacted, That the Trustees of the Poor in drawing on the Treasurer for the above appropriation shall not draw for more than one half of the same in any one quarter. SAML. N. SMALLWOOD, President of the First Chamber. DANL. RAPINE, President of the Second Chamber. APPROVED, August 16th 1809. ROBERT BRENT, Mayor.
NEW STORE. THE Subscriber having opened a New Store in F street, between the Bank and the Treasury Office, has supplied himself with a variety of the best qualities of Cloths & Blankets suitable for the approaching season, and also of Calicoes, Ginghams, Muslins, Silk, Cotton and Worsted Hoses, Morocco and Leather Shoes, Hats, &c. &c. where he invites his friends and the public to make their purchases, and assures them they shall be supplied upon the most reasonable terms. Cash, flour, corn, oats or whiskey, will be received in payment. JOSEPH WHEATON. Washington City, Aug. 25—8t
NOTICE. THE Citizens of Washington who have neglected to procure FIRE BUCKETS agreeably to an act of the Corporation, passed 10th January, 1803, are requested to procure their complement of Fire Buckets complete, on or before the 15th day of September next; viz. one bucket to contain at least two & one half gallons, for each story; the buckets not to be made use of for any other purpose, and to be placed in some conspicuous part of their dwelling, ware or store-houses, under the penalty prescribed by law. By order of the Mayor, JOHN C. SHINDLE, Inspector. August 25—3t
NOTICE. WILL be sold on Wednesday the 30th inst. at the dwelling house of Mr. John Dempsey, near the Navy Yard, a quantity of Household and Kitchen furniture, comprising mahogany chairs, tables, &c. also a nine plated stove, &c. Sale to commence at 10 o'clock in the forenoon—Terms, all sums under $20 cash—all above $20 notes at 60 days, with good endorsers. ELIZABETH DEMPSEY, Executrix. N. L. & H. M. RUBEN, Auctioneers. Aug. 25—3t

BAKER & RIGGS, SOLD THE PLOUGH, HAVE just received a large supply of REASONABLE GOODS, which they will sell very low for cash, or good paper at 60 days.
BUN AWAYS. WAS Committed the jail of Washington county in the District of Columbia, the following run-aways, viz. on the 3d inst. REID JOHN, who appears to be a Frenchman by birth, and says he belongs to John Roberts, Mount Street, Baltimore, Md.—he appears to be about 16 or 17 years of age, 5 feet 2 inches high; had on when committed, an old black furred hat, blue cloth coat, black cloth vest, a pair of nankeen knickers, old corduroy pantaloons, cotton shirt, and new shoes.
GEORGE BASIL on the 6th inst. who says he was the property of Jacob Smith of Baltimore, Md. but now is free; he says he is 41 years of age, 5 feet 6 inches high, yellow complexion; had on when committed an old wool hat, grey cloth roundabout jacket, gingham vest, cotton shirt and linen trousers. The owners of the above negroes are requested to come and prove them and take them away, or they will be sold for their jail fees and other expenses as the law directs.
C. TIPPETT, Keeper of the jail for W. Boyd, marshal.
A VALUABLE FARM FOR SALE. By virtue of a decree of a decree of the High Court of Chancery of the state of Maryland, will be exposed at public auction on the premises at 12 o'clock on Wednesday the 13th day of September next, the Real Estate of Solomon Jones, late of Saint Mary's county, deceased, and whereon the deceased lived, comprised of the following tracts or parcels of LAND, viz. Plumb Point , containing 375 acres, more or less, and Pine Grove , containing 18 acres, more or less, making a total of about 393 acres. This farm is situated on Saint Mary's river, is well watered and well improved, has an excellent, convenient & commodious brick Dwelling House, with every necessary out house, commanding a view of one of the finest arms of the Potomac, and looking over from 40 to 50 acres (part of this farm) of fine meadow land, equal to any. Culture has proved it for Indian Corn and Timothy to be second to none; a fine marsh for grazing; the orchards are of choice fruit; sufficiently well timbered and the arable land productive. If contiguous to church, mill, and market are advantages, this farm possesses them in an eminent degree. The post-office at the Great Mill is within one and a half miles.
The terms of sale are, "purchasers shall give bond with approved security for paying one half of the purchase money with interest within nine months, and the residue within fifteen months with interest from the time of sale."
The executors of the said deceased are hereby notified to exhibit their claims in the Chancery office on or before the 13th day of March next.
ENOCH J. MILLARD, Trustee.
ADVERTISEMENTS. Will be sold on Monday the 28th inst. to the highest bidder, for ready money, at Long's Hotel , one Negro Man, about thirty-five years old—one Negro Woman, about thirty-three years old—her daughter about sixteen years old, and son about eleven years old. They are of a good family of Negroes, and formerly belonged to John Boothe, deceased; and were willed by him to the children of William Carpenter, deceased. The subscriber being a representative of said Carpenter, and is otherwise legally authorised to sell said negroes.
TO BE LET And entered on the 27th of this month, THE HOUSE in P street in the occupation of J. M. Baker. Likewise to be LET and entered on the 15th of September, the HOUSE on the Pennsylvania Avenue, now occupied by Wm. Cooper. For particulars enquire of WM. COCKING, 10th street west.
TO BE SOLD AT PUBLIC AUCTION, at Northumberland court house, in the county of Northumberland, and state of Virginia, on Tuesday the 5th of September next, at 11 o'clock in the forenoon, five contiguous plantations, amounting together to about 2,700 acres, situated on the river Potomac, and within about three miles of the court house. These estates formerly belonged to Presley Thornton, Esq. and are the same on which he lived. They have never been seen by either of the subscribers, but it is understood, that about 1700 acres of them are as valuable low grounds as any on the river, and a considerable part thereof heavily timbered. The uplands consist of about 1000 acres, and the whole is well calculated for the production of corn, wheat, tobacco, timothy and small grain of all kinds, in great abundance. The waters are said to abound with excellent fish, oysters and wild fowl. The water carriage is easy and convenient to Norfolk, Baltimore, Alexandria and the city of Washington; and as these estates possess several good mill seats, with an abundance of water and a plentiful supply of timber, they must be very valuable.
The premises will be shown to persons inclined to purchase, by Col. James Moore, who lives on them, or by Samuel Blackwell, Esq. who lives near to them; and the terms of payment may be known a sufficient time before the sale, by applying to either of them, or to THOMAS ROBINSON, Near Chester, Delaware. Or to W. LEWIS, at Phila.
LANDS IN THE STATES OF OHIO AND KENTUCKY FOR SALE. By Virtue of the Last Will and Testament of Robert Means, deceased, the subscriber offers for sale all the Lands of the testator in the states of Ohio & Kentucky. As there is a large quantity of these Lands, and the quality in general good, they are well worth the attention of all persons desirous of purchasing Lands in those parts of the country. The tracts are of various sizes, and consequently calculated to suit purchasers of all descriptions. Further information respecting the said Lands may be obtained from Mr. Walter Dun, residing in, or near the town of Chillicothe in the State of Ohio. DANIEL CALL, Executor of the last will & testament of Robert Means, dec'd. Richmond, July 19—4f
Superintendent's Office, Washington, 9th August, 1859. WHEREAS the late Commissioners of the city of Washington, on the 24th December 1793, sold or contracted to sell to Robert Morris & Jas. Greenleaf, all the then title, interest and estate of the public in the squares following, among others, in the said city, viz. 626, 628, 684, 687, 723, 726, 737, 729, 735, 760, 782, 786, 789, 814, 816, 818, 841, 843, 866, 868, 925, 927, 899, 918, 919, 922, 923, 943, 966, 967, 968, 970, 972, 992, 1014, 1016, 1037, 1039, 1040, 1062, 1074, 1075, and 1076. Which sale was upon the terms and conditions of a certain stipulated price being paid therefor at certain fixed periods of time subsequent to the contract. And whereas in the course of certain transactions between the said James Greenleaf and the said Robert Morris, and a certain John Nicholson (who had acquired an interest in said squares) and between the said James Greenleaf and Mordecai Lewis and Edward Burd, a certain interest, estate and title of the said Greenleaf, Morris and Nicholson in and to the same squares, became pledged, by way of mortgage, to the payment of certain debts due to the said Lewis and Burd, respectively. And whereas, the Chancellor of the state of Maryland, in a certain suit lately pending in the Chancery Court of that state, between the executors of the said Mordecai Lewis and the said Edward Burd complainants, and Robert Morris, the heirs of John Nicholson, the Commissioners of the city of Washington, James Greenleaf, Henry Pratt, Thomas W. Francis, John Miller, Jr., John Ashley, Jacob Baker, George Simpson, William Granch and Thomas Law, defendants, did, among other things, decree, that all the right, title, and interest, which at the time of executing a certain mortgage mentioned in the bill and proceedings filed and had in the suit aforesaid, was in the said Morris and Nicholson, Thomas Law, and the Commissioners of the city of Washington, in and to 295 lots and 3-4ths of a lot, of 3265 square feet each, contained in the squares before enumerated, should be sold, and the proceeds applied to the payment in the first instance, of the debts due as aforesaid, to the said Lewis and Burd, and the residue of the whole proceeds, if any, to the payment of certain other debt or debts in the said decree mentioned. And whereas E. S. Burd, having been duly appointed and qualified, as a trustee, to carry into effect the said sale, did, by deed bearing date the 23d June, 1809, and recorded in the land records of Washington county in the district of Columbia, for the considerations in said deed mentioned, duly convey to Thomas Morris, Samuel Coates, Joseph Morris and Edward Burd, all the right, title and interest of the said Morris and Nicholson, Thomas Law and the Commissioners of the city of Washington, of, in and to the said 295 3-4ths lots, as by the said decree was directed. And whereas, at the time of sale or contract for the sale of the before-mentioned squares by the commissioners, to Morris and Greenleaf, as herein-before recited, the public interest in the said squares, or in any or either of them, was not then specifically ascertained and known, but was to depend on and be determined by a division thereof, to be thereafter made, between the said commissioners and the original proprietors of the land on which the same were laid out, pursuant to law and certain deeds of trust, which had been executed by the said proprietors and others for all their lands lying within the city of Washington, and such division was accordingly afterwards made, by which it appears that no part or portion of four of the said squares, to wit, Nos. 687, 726, 966 and 1016, was allotted or assigned to the public, and consequently no estate therein was passed to the said Morris and Greenleaf by the commissioners, under or by virtue of the said sale. And whereas there are in the public's part or portion of the aforesaid squares obtained on the division aforesaid, and exclusive of the said Nos. 687, 726, 966 and 1016, 68 lots of 3265 square feet each, over and above the said 295 3-4ths lots sold as aforesaid by the said E. S. Burd, pursuant to the decree aforesaid, and whereas the purchasers and grantees of said 295 3-4ths lots held the same in an undivided interest and possession or tenancy in common with each and every person and persons entitled to the said 68 lots. And whereas the purchase money for the said 68 lots has not been paid & satisfied to the said commissioners or to any other person or persons for the use of the public according to the terms and conditions of the sale, and the same having been due for more than thirty days after it ought to have been paid, and for at least two years prior to the first of May 1802, and being still due and unpaid—by reason whereof and by virtue of the statute of the state of Maryland, entitled "A further supplement to the act concerning the Territory of Columbia and the city of Washington," and of the act of Congress, entitled "An act to abolish the board of commissioners in the city of Washington, and for other purposes," the superintendent appointed in pursuance of the said act of Congress is authorised and required to proceed to sell the said 68 lots. Now this is to give notice that the undersigned, the Superintendent appointed as aforesaid shall and will at 11 o'clock A. M. on Monday the 23d day of October next, at Rhodes's hotel in the city of Washington aforesaid by reason of the premises and by virtue of the statutes aforesaid, sell to the highest bidder at Public Auction for cash, all the said 68 lots of ground of 3265 square feet each, contained in some or all of the squares above enumerated, except the said four squares Nos. 687, 726, 966 and 1016, the purchaser or purchasers thereof to take and hold the same in an undivided and common possession with the purchasers and grantees of the aforesaid 295 3-4ths lots; subject to have the possession severed, and due partition made between the several parties according to their respective interests and proportions by consent or in due course of law.
THOMAS MUNROE, Sup. August 19—tawris
CITY AUCTIONEERS. THE subscribers beg leave to inform their friends and the public, that having given the security required by law, they obtained a license to sell goods, wares and merchandise at vendue in this city. To accommodate those who may be pleased to employ them, they have built a commodious house adjoining the Store of the Purser of the Navy and opposite to Wm. Prout's, and from their close attention to business, they flatter themselves that they will give general satisfaction.
NICHOLAS L. QUEEN, HENRY M. QUEEN. May 29—4f
By Montgomery county, Orphans Court, August 16, 1859. ORDERED by the court that the executors of Samuel Turner late of Montgomery county, deceased, give the notice required by law for the creditors of the said deceased to exhibit their claims and that the notice be given in the National Intelligencer, city of Washington.
Test SOLOMON HOLLAND, Reg.
THIS is to give notice that the Subscribers of Georgetown and District of Columbia, have obtained from the Orphans Court of Montgomery county Maryland, Letters Testamentary on the Personal Estate of Samuel Turner, late of Montgomery county deceased—all persons having claims against the said deceased are hereby warned to exhibit the same with the vouchers thereof to the subscribers, at or before the 21st day of February next, they may otherwise by law be excluded from all benefit of the said estate.
Given under our hands this 21st day of August 1859. THOS. TURNER, SAML. TURNER, } Executors. August 21—4w
BANK OF WASHINGTON. THE subscription books will be opened at Long's Hotel on Monday the 4th day of September next, at 10 o'clock, and will continue open for three days from 10 o'clock A. M. to 4 o'clock P. M. unless sooner filled. No person will be allowed to subscribe in the name of another without producing to the commissioners powers authorising him so to do.
THE COMMISSIONERS. Aug. 21—ept48en
EDUCATION. THE REV. WALTER D. ADDISON of Georgetown, District of Columbia will board and instruct in the Latin and Greek Languages, Reading, Writing and Arithmetic, a few more Young Gentlemen, at sixty-five pounds per annum, payable quarterly in advance. Letters addressed to him at this place will be attended to. Georgetown, August 21—2awtf.
FIVE DOLLARS REWARD. STRAYED or Stolen, about a month since, from the commons in the western part of this city, a BAY HORSE, six years old, about 14 hands 1 inch high, a natural trotter, short mane, shod before, white hind feet, and a few saddle marks. Whoever will return said Horse to the Subscriber near F street, shall be entitled to the above reward, with reasonable charges. O. B. BROWN. August 21—3t
ROMULUS RIGGS, Has just received and opening at his New Cash Store, a complete and well selected assortment of SEASONABLE AND FANCY GOODS, Which being purchased for money, gives him the opportunity of offering the same at Baltimore and Philadelphia Prices. As he is determined to sell for very small profits. He intends keeping on hand a good assortment of Goods, to be sold by the piece; and those who purchase to sell again, will be furnished at as low rates as they can purchase in any market in the United States, being determined to sell. CASH GIVEN FOR TOBACCO Inspected at the Georgetown Warehouse.
FOR RENT, THE upper part of the House now occupy, which has Six well finished Rooms, and every necessary back building, all newly furnished and in complete order—The rent will be low to a genteel family, if application is immediately made. June 9—4f.
PATENT KNAPSACKS. THE Subscriber having obtained from the United States, a patent for an improved KNAPSACK, which in point of durability and convenience, has been pronounced by the best judges infinitely superior to any hitherto in use. The officers of the different volunteer companies in the United States, are respectfully solicited to adopt them. They may be had in any quantity, and will be sold on the most reasonable terms by JOHN P. LHERBETTE, 81, Maiden Lane, New-York. To whom applications addressed by post may be made, or to B. H. Latrobe, at the city of Washington. May 19—ep4am.
FOR SALE, Or to be rented for a term of years, or on perpetual ground-rent, A NUMBER of well built brick houses, several of which are immediately tenable—situate on Greenleaf's point.—Also, house lots in almost every part of the city. Apply to JAMES GREENLEAF, or in his absence to SAMUEL ELIOT, junr. July 6—8w
A FARM TO LET. TO Let on shares, a Farm containing 61 acres, distant between 2 1/2 and 3 miles from the Centre Market House in this city. The situation very healthy. A person having a knowledge of Gardening and Fruit trees would be preferred. Apply to JAMES ROBAN. August 23—
CAUTION. ALL persons are hereby cautioned against purchasing any articles belonging to the partnership of LEWIS TALBOTT and myself, as the said Talbott is not authorised to make any sale or receive any money due to the concern, without my written consent being first obtained—The articles above alluded to, consist of fishing scenes, boats & other materials. Witness my hand, at Washington City, this twenty first day of August, 1859. CLEMENT VENABLE. Aug. 23—3t.
THE Creditors of the late Henry Addison are requested to attend at the Tavern of John Smith Brookes, Upper Marlborough, on Thursday the 28th day of September next, where a dividend will be made of the money in hand. THOMAS G. ADDISON, DENNIS MAGRUDER, } Adm's. August 21—wtd
A VALUABLE FARM FOR SALE. Will be sold in pursuance of the last Will and Testament of Samuel Turner, Esq. deceased, at Public Sale on the premises on the 15th day of November next (if not previously disposed of, and in case of sale notice will be given) that very valuable Farm in Montgomery county late the residence of the said deceased; containing about Seven Hundred Acres of Land, Three Hundred Acres at least in wood and fine timber; the residue under good enclosures and every acre arable; lays level and remarkably well for cultivation and may be made very rich in a few years by the use of plaster and clover; in fact, it is as desirable a farm as any in the county of its size and may be very conveniently divided to accommodate purchasers; it lies about 18 miles from Georgetown and the city of Washington, five from Montgomery court house and within three miles of the Potomac River. A further description is deemed unnecessary, as it is presumed that those inclined to purchase will view the property. The terms of sale, which will be accommodating, may be known by applying to the subscribers living in Georgetown, district of Columbia, or will be made known on the day of sale. THO: TURNER, SAML. TURNER, Executors. July 28—tdos
IN COUNCIL. Annapolis, June 26, 1859. ORDERED, that the act, entitled, An act to alter the thirty-second and thirty-seventh Articles of the constitution and Form of Government, be published twice in each week, for the space of three months, in the American and Federal Gazette, at Baltimore, the Maryland Gazette, and Maryland Republican, at Annapolis, the National Intelligencer, the Eastern Star, Mr. Grieve's paper at Hagerstown, and Mr. Bartgis's paper at Fredericktown. By order, NINIAN PINKNEY, Clerk of the Council.
AN ACT To alter the thirty-second and thirty-seventh Articles of the Constitution and Form of Government. BE it enacted, by the General Assembly of Maryland, That hereafter, upon the death, resignation or removal out of this state of the governor, it shall not be necessary to call a meeting of the legislature to fill the vacancy occasioned thereby, but the first named of the Council for the time being shall qualify and act as governor until the next meeting of the general assembly, at which meeting a governor shall be chosen in the manner heretofore appointed and directed.
And be it enacted, That hereafter no governor shall be capable of holding any other office of profit during the time for which he shall be elected.
And be it enacted, That so much of the thirty-second and thirty-seventh articles of the constitution and form of government as is repugnant to, or inconsistent with, the provisions of this act, be and the same is hereby abrogated and abolished.
And be it enacted, That if this act shall be confirmed by the general assembly, after the next election of delegates, in the first session after such new election as the constitution and form of government directs, that in such case this act, and the alteration and amendment of the constitution and form of government therein contained, shall be taken and considered, and shall constitute and be valid, as a part of the said constitution and form of government any thing therein contained to the contrary notwithstanding. July 3—taw3m.
SUGARS, WINES, TEAS, PORK, &c. W. and C. SMITH having received by the Ceres, Capt. Weeks, from N. York. 20 hds excellent Havana Muscovado Sugar. 10 Chests fresh Hyson and Young Hyson Teas. 40 Quarter Casks Tenerife, Lisbon, Sherrey and Catalonia Wines. 10 Boxes Claret, 1 doz. each. 50 Doz. Fresh London Mustard. 1 Case fresh Nutmegs. 34 Barrels N. York Prime Pork very superior quality. And a few Puncheons of well flavored Anigua Rum. Geo. Town, Aug. 16—taw3w.
COMMERCIAL COMPANY. In store, and landing from on board the Ceres, capt. Weeks, and for sale on the vessel terms. MUSCOVADO Sugar, Rum, Gin, Cogniac Brandy, Coffee, Imperial, Hyson & Y Hyson Tea, Almonds, Nutmegs, Cloves, Mace, Cinnamon, Pepper, Ginger, Spermaceti and Tallow Candles, Soap, Fig Blue—Mess and Prime Pork, Gookes, Sheet Iron, Tin, and a few boxes of Pipes—Gunpowder and shot. Also, Madera, Marseilles, Lisbon, Sherrey, Catalonia & Claret Wine. JOSEPH FORREST, Prest. Aug. 11—cop3w.
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD. ABSCONDED on the 21st of July last, from the subscriber, (manager at the farm of Mr. Isaac Duckett, on South river, near Annapolis) Negro TOM, a small black fellow, lost the sight of one eye. Had on when he absconded, osnaburg shirt and trousers. Any person taking up said Negro and bringing him to the subscriber, or securing him in jail, so that I get him again, shall receive the above reward. This Negro was purchased of Capt. J. S. Brooks about five years since; it is probable he may be in the neighborhood of Upper Marlborough. HENRY BASFORD. August 7—4f
NOTICE TO COTTON SPINNERS. THE Manufacturing Company of the city of Washington, have erected a machine for carding Cotton on Pennsylvania Avenue, fourth house west of President's Square, where Spinners can be supplied with good Cotton, soaped, cleaned and carded into rolls 24 inches long, for 40 cents per pound. I want a good Weaver (of Cotton goods,) to whom constant employment will be given. Also, three Shavers, viz. one to work a carding machine, one to do house work, and a girl to attend children—Should prefer those from the country. J. GARDNER, Superintendent. Pennsylvania Avenue, August 22, 1859.
BY HIS EXCELLENCY, EDWARD LLOYD, ESQ. GOVERNOR OF MARYLAND, A PROCLAMATION. WHEREAS it has been officially represented to me that a certain Thomas Burk, who has lately been sentenced by the judges of Washington county court, to suffer death, for a Rape committed on the body of Catharine Maria Bravener, an infant under the age of 12 years, made his escape from Washington county jail, on the evening of the 4th July inst. And whereas it is obviously the duty of the Executive, in the execution of the laws, to bring all malefactors to justice—I have therefore thought proper to issue this my proclamation, and do by and with the advice and consent of the Council, offer Three Hundred Dollars Reward to any person or persons who shall apprehend and bring to justice the said Thomas Burk. Given under my hand and the seal of the state of Maryland, this 15th day of July, in the year of our Lord 1859, and the independence of the United States of America, the thirty-fourth.
EDWARD LLOYD. By his excellency's command, NINIAN PINKNEY, Clerk of the Council. Ordered that the foregoing proclamation be published twice in each week for the space of six weeks, in the American and Federal Gazette at Baltimore, the Maryland Gazette and Maryland Republican at Annapolis, the National Intelligencer, the Maryland Herald at Hagerstown, Bartgis's paper at Fredericktown, and in the Star at Easton. By order, NINIAN PINKNEY. July 31—taw6w
CHARLES J. Nourse Offers for sale—Chateaux Margaux Claret in boxes of 1 dozen. Genuine Old London Particular wine in half pipes and quarter casks. Best Sallad Oil in baskets of 6 bottles each, &c. &c. &c. George Town, May 24—4f
FOR SALE. Will be sold at public sale, on the first Monday in October next, if not previously disposed of, that valuable farm in Prince George's County, Maryland, known by the name of ST. OSYTH. ST. OSYTH contains by estimation seven hundred and fifty acres of Land, between seventy and eighty acres of which are meadow, now fit for the grythe, and capable of being made to prod Bri an hundred tons of hay at a crop—about two hundred and fifty or three hundred are in wood and timber, and the residue arable. No place perhaps in America, can be better watered or more healthy. The improvements consist of a dwelling house, two stories high, forty-two feet long by thirty-six wide, with a passage through the middle, three rooms below and four above, with a garet the whole size of the house, a kitchen and laundry under the same roof, two stories high, with two large rooms above for servants, a meat house, wash house, corn house and granary, a large tobacco house which may very easily be converted into a barn, a productive garden and pigeon house, and a young thriving orchard of excellent fruit and of great variety from Prince's nursery on Long Island. The enclosures are new and in good order. Upon the same property and within a quarter of a mile is a small dwelling house with three rooms below and two above stairs, a kitchen, meat house and barn. This place at a small expense may be easily fitted up and made a most comfortable house for a small family. St. Osyth lies within four miles of the city of Washington, and about the same distance from the nearest ferry to Alexandria. If sold at private sale the lowest price for this valuable property is ten pounds an acre. A further description of the property is deemed unnecessary as those inclined to purchase will doubtless come and see it. The terms of sale may be known on applying to the subscriber living on the premises, Col. Sam. Hanson of Washington, or Dr. Wm. Baker, George Town. On the same day, if not before by private sale disposed of, will be sold the negroes, stock, etc. attached to the estate of the late O. Carr, deceased. The negroes will be sold for a term of years. For sale—Also, the following lots in the city of Washington: Lot No. 2, in sq. 702, front 54 feet 7 in. depth 175 ft. 8 in. In sq. 906 Lots No. 13, front 57 10 1-2, depth 100 ft. 26 ft. 25 in. No. 14, front 58, depth 75. No. 15, 54 front, 76 and 100, 10 1-2 depth. No. 16, 54 front, 100 ft. 10 1-2 in. depth. No. 17, front 49 ft. 6 in. depth 100 10 1-2.
JONA. B. CARR, Executor. May 17—1wtf.
NOTICE. The subscriber begs leave to inform the public, that he has opened a shop opposite the West Market House, near the Seven Buildings, where he means to carry on the White Smith, Lock and Gun Smith Business, also, the Cutlery and Bell-Hanging business. He also promises to give the greatest attention to all persons who may be good enough to favor him with their custom. CALEB HESSEY. July 24—w8t.
THIS is to give notice, that the Subscriber of Prince George's county hath obtained from the Orphans Court of Prince George's county in Maryland, Letters Testamentary on the personal estate of Samuel Lusby late of Prince George's county, deceased; all persons having claims against the said deceased, are hereby warned to exhibit the same, with the vouchers thereof to the subscriber, at or before the tenth day of February next, they may otherwise by law be excluded from all the benefit of the said estate. Given under my hand this fourth day of August 1859. JOHN LUSBY Ex'r. August 4—w6t
THIS IS TO GIVE NOTICE, THAT the Subscriber of Washington city, hath obtained from the Orphans Court of Washington county in the District of Columbia, Letters Testamentary on the Will and Personal Estate of JOHN DEMPSIE late of said city deceased. All persons having claims against the said estate, are hereby warned to exhibit the same, with the vouchers thereof to the Subscriber, on or before the 28th of February next, they may otherwise by law be excluded from all benefit of the said estate. Given under my hand this 21st day of August and in the year 1859. ELIZABETH DEMPSIE, Executrix. August 21—w8t