The national intelligencer and Washington advertiser. (Washington City [D.C.]), 1809-05-12 00:00:00

National Intelligencer.
WASHINGTON ADVERTISER
VOL. IX.
WASHINGTON CITY, PRINTED BY SAMUEL HARRISON SMITH, PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE.
NO. 1340.
FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM.
FRIDAY, MAY 12, 1809.
PAID IN ADVANCE.
(BY AUTHORITY.)
An ACT to divide the City of Washington into wards for the purpose of holding elections.
BE it enacted by the First and Second Chambers of the City Council of Washington, That the city shall be divided into four wards for the purpose of holding elections for members of the City Council, as follows:—all that part of the city which lies west of Fourteenth Street west, shall constitute the first ward. All that part lying between Fourteenth street west, and Second street west, shall be the second ward. All that part lying between Second street west and Fourth street east, shall constitute the third ward; and all that part lying east of Fourth street east, shall constitute the fourth ward.
SEC. 2. And be it enacted, That the act, entitled "An act to divide the City of Washington into wards, for the purpose of holding elections," passed the 17th day of April, in the year 1806, be, and the same is hereby repealed.
GEORGE ANDREWS,
President of the First Chamber.
RICHARD FORREST,
President of the Second Chamber.
Approved, May 8th, 1809.
ROBERT BRENT, MAYOR.
Circuit Court of the United States for the Pennsylvania District.
SATURDAY, APRIL 29, 1809.
Present JUDGES WASHINGTON and PETERS.
UNITED STATES
versus
Michael Bright, William Cole, James Atkinson, Samuel Wilkins, Charles Westfull, Daniel Phyle, Abraham Ogden, John Knipe, Charles Hang.
WASHINGTON, Judge, delivered the opinion of the Court.
Impressed with the magnitude of the questions which have been discussed, we could have wished for more time to deliberate upon them, and for an opportunity to commit to writing the opinion which we have formed, that it might have been rendered more intelligible to you, and less susceptible of being misunderstood by others. But we could not postpone the charge, without being guilty of the impropriety, of suffering the jury to separate, after the arguments of counsel were closed, or of keeping them together until Monday, a hardship which we could not think of imposing upon them. I shall proceed therefore to state to you, in the best way I can, the opinion of the court upon this novel and interesting case. It may not be improper in the first place to refresh your minds with a short history of the transactions, which have led to the offence with which these defendants are charged; and to consequences which might have been of serious import to the nation.
Gideon Olmstead and three others, having fallen into the hands of the enemy, during the latter part of the year 1778, were put on board the sloop Active, at Jamaica, as prisoners of war; in order to be conducted to New York, whither this vessel was destined with supplies for the British troops. During the voyage, Olmstead and his companions, who had assisted in navigating the vessel, formed the bold design of taking her from the enemy; in which, with great hazard to themselves, they ultimately succeeded. Having confined in the cabin, the officers, passengers, and most of the men, they steered for some port in the United States, and had got within five miles of Egg Harbor, when captain Houston, commanding the big Convention, belonging to the state of Pennsylvania, came up with them, and captured the Active as a prize. The sloop was conducted to Philadelphia, and libelled in the court of admiralty, established under an act of the legislature of that state.
Claims were filed by Olmstead and his associates, for the whole of the vessel and cargo, and by James Josiah, commander of a private armed vessel, which was in sight at the time of the capture by Houston, for a proportion of the prize. Depositions were taken in the cause. A jury was impanelled to try it. The question of fact was, whether the enemy was completely subdued or not, by Olmstead and his companions, at the time when captain H. came up with them.—The jury,
without stating a single fact, found a general verdict, for one-fourth to Olmstead and his associates, and the residue to Houston and Josiah, to be divided according to law, and an agreement between them. From the sentence of the court upon this verdict, Olmstead appealed to the court of appeals in prize causes, established by Congress, where after a hearing of the parties, the sentence of the admiralty court was reversed; the whole prize decreed to the appellants, and process was directed to issue from the court of admiralty, commanding the marshal to sell the vessel and cargo, and to pay over the net proceeds to those claimants.
The judge of the court of admiralty refused to acknowledge the jurisdiction of the court of appeals, over a verdict found in the inferior court; directed the marshal to make the sale, and to bring the proceeds into court. This was done, and the judge acknowledged the receipt of the money on the marshal's return. In May, 1779, George Ross, the judge of the court of admiralty, delivered over to David Rittenhouse, treasurer of this state 11,496 l. 9d. in loan office certificates, issued in his own name, being the proportion of the prize money to which the state was entitled, by the sentence of the inferior court of admiralty. Rittenhouse at the same time executed a bond to Ross, obliging himself, his heirs and executors, &c. to restore the sum so paid, in case Ross should, by due course of law, be compelled to pay the same according to the decree of the court of appeals. In the condition of this bond, the obligor is described as being treasurer of the state; and the money is stated as having been paid to him for the use of the state.—Indents were issued to Rittenhouse, on the above certificates, and these were afterwards funded in the name of Rittenhouse, for the benefit of those who might eventually appear to be entitled to them.
After the death of Rittenhouse, these certificates, together with the interests thereon, which had been received, came to the hands of Mrs. Sergeant and Mrs. Waters, his representatives. The papers which covered the certificates, were indorsed in the hand writing of Mr. Rittenhouse, with a memorandum, declaring that they will be the property of the state of Pennsylvania, when the state released him from the bond he had given to George Ross, judge of the admiralty, for paying the fifty original certificates into the treasury as the state's share of the prize. No such release ever was given. The certificates thus remaining in the possession of the representatives of Rittenhouse, Olmstead filed his libel against them in the district of Pennsylvania, praying execution of the decree of the court of appeals. Answers were filed by these ladies; but no claim was interposed, nor any suggestion made of interest on the part of the state, and in Jan. 1803, the court decreed in favor of the libellants.
On the 2d of April, in the same year, the legislature of Pennsylvania passed a law, authorizing the attorney general, to require Mrs. Sergeant and Mrs. Waters to pay into the treasury the money acknowledged by them, in their answer in the district court to have been received, without regard to the decree of that court; and in case they should refuse, that a suit should be instituted against them in the name of the commonwealth, for the said monies. The governor was also required to protect the just rights of the state, by any further measures he might deem necessary; and also to protect the persons and properties of those ladies, from any process which might issue out of any federal court, in consequence of their obedience to this requisition, and further should give them a sufficient instrument of indemnification, in case they should pay the money to the state. No further proceedings took place in the district court for some time after the passage of this law. And when at length an application was made for process of execution—the judge of that court, with a very commendable degree of prudence, declined ordering it; with a view to bring before the supreme court of the United States a question so delicate in itself, and which was likely to produce the most serious consequences to the nation. Upon the application of Olmstead, the supreme court issued a mandamus to the judge of the district court, commanding him
to execute the sentence pronounced by him in that case, or to show cause to the contrary. The reasons for withholding the process, assigned in answer to this writ, not being deemed sufficient by the supreme court, a peremptory mandamus was awarded.
It may not be improper here to state, that no person appeared in the supreme court on the part of the state, or on that of Mrs. Sergeant and Mrs. Waters, and that no arguments were offered on the part of Olmstead. The idea which I understand has gone abroad, that the mandamus was awarded upon the single opinion of the chief justice, is too absurd to deserve a serious refutation. No instance of that sort ever did or could occur, and in this particular case I do not recollect that there was one dissenter from the opinion pronounced.
Process of execution having been awarded by the judge of the district court, in obedience to the mandamus, the defendant, gen. Michael Bright commanding a brigade of the militia, of the commonwealth of Pennsylvania, received orders from the governor of the state—"Immediately to have in readiness such a portion of the militia under his command as might be necessary to execute the orders, and to employ them to protect and defend the persons and the property of the said Elizabeth Sergeant and Esther Waters, from and against any process, founded on the decree of the said Richard Peters, judge of the district court of the United States aforesaid; and in virtue of which, any officer, under the direction of any court of the United States, may attempt to attach the persons or the property of the said Elizabeth Sergeant and Esther Waters." A guard was accordingly placed at the house of Mrs. Sergeant and Mrs. Waters, and it has been fully proved, and is admitted, that the defendants with a full knowledge of the character of the marshal of this district, and of his business, his commission, and the process which he had to execute having been read to them, opposed with muskets and bayonets, the persevering efforts of that officer to serve the writ; and by such resistance, prevented him from serving it.
There is no dispute about the facts. The defendants have called no witnesses—and their defence is rested upon the lawfulness of the acts laid in the indictment. They justify their conduct upon two grounds—1st. That the decree of the district courts under which the process issued was coram non Judice , and to all intents and purposes void; and 2dly—That though it were a valid and binding decree, still that they cannot be questioned criminally for acting in obedience to the orders of the governor of this state.
The decree of the district court is said to be void, for two reasons, first, because the court of appeals had not a power to reverse the sentence of the court of admiralty founded upon the verdict of a jury; and secondly, because the state of Pennsylvania claims an interest in the subject which was in controversy in the district court.
The first question is, was the decree of the court of appeals void for want of jurisdiction of the case in which it was made? But first let me ask; can this be made a question at the present day, before this or any other court in the United States? We consider it to be so firmly settled by the highest judicial authority in the nation, that it is not now to be questioned or shaken. The power of the court of appeals to re-examine and reverse or affirm the sentence of the courts of admiralty established by the different states, though founded upon the verdicts of juries, was first considered and decided in the case of Doan and Penhallow, in the supreme court of the United States. The jurisdiction of that court to re-examine the whole cause as to both law and fact, was considered as resulting from the national character of an appellate prize court and not from any grant of power by the state from whose court the appeal had been taken. The right of the state to limit the court of appeals in the exercise of its jurisdiction, was determined to be totally inadmissible. The same question was considered by the supreme court upon the motion for the mandamus, and decided to be settled and at rest. If it were necessary to give further support to the authority of these cases, the opinion of
the supreme court of Pennsylvania in Ross's executors vs. Rittenhouse and the unanimous opinion of the old Congress, with the exception of the Representatives of this state and one of the representatives of N. Jersey, might be mentioned. If reasons were required to strengthen the above decisions, those assigned by the committee of Congress upon the case of the Active are believed to be conclusive.
But I think it will not be difficult to prove that the law of Pennsylvania, passed on the ninth of September, 1778, establishing a court of admiralty in that state, neither by the terms of it, nor by a fair construction of its meaning, was intended to abridge the jurisdiction of the court of appeals in cases like the one under consideration. The words are, "that the jury shall be sworn or affirmed to return a true verdict upon the libel according to evidence; and the finding of the jury shall establish the facts without re-examination or appeal." The obvious meaning of this provision was, that if the jury found the facts upon which the law was to arise, those facts were to be considered as conclusive by the appellate court, and not open to re-examination by the judges of that court; the legislature thinking it, no doubt, most safe to intrust the finding of facts to a jury of twelve men. But what was to be done if the jury found no facts, as was the present case. If the appellate court were precluded from an inquiry into the facts, affirmance of the sentence appealed from would be inevitable. This absurdity then followed—in all cases it was necessary to impanel a jury to establish the facts, and in all cases, without exception, the party thinking himself aggrieved might appeal. But in every case where the jury chose to find a general verdict, the sentence appealed from must of necessity be affirmed. I cannot believe that this was the meaning of the legislature; and I do not think that the words of the law will fairly warrant such a construction.
Let me then put this question seriously to the jury: Will they have the vanity to think themselves wiser than all those who have passed opinions upon this important question of law? And will they undertake to decide that these opinions were erroneous? Miserable indeed must be the condition of that community where the law is unsettled, and decisions upon the very point are disregarded, when they come, directly or incidentally, into discussion. In such a state of things good men have nothing to hope, and bad men nothing to fear. There is no standard by which the rights of property, and the most estimable privileges to which the citizen is entitled, can be regulated. All is doubt and uncertainty until the judge has pronounced the law on the particular case before him; but which carries with it no authority as to a similar case between other parties.
But suppose for a moment, against the settled law upon the point, that the court of appeals had not the power to re-examine the verdict of the jury in the case of the Active, and on that account the decree of the district court in opposition to that of the court of admiralty was erroneous, it does not therefore follow that the district court had no jurisdiction of the case on which this process issued. If erroneous, it could only be re-examined and corrected in a superior court. But if the subject depended upon a question of prize or no prize, it was completely within the cognizance of the district court by the constitution and laws of the United States; the former of which grants to the federal courts, and the latter to the district courts cognizance of all civil causes of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction. This is such a case; and we consider that circumstance to be decisive on the first point. We are happy on this occasion, as we are upon all others to coincide in opinion with the learned and respectable gentlemen who preside in the supreme judiciary of this state.
"It is unnecessary to any opinion concerning the right of the old court of appeals, to reverse the decision of the justices, contrary to the provisions of the act of assembly of Pennsylvania, under which the state court of admiralty was instituted. That is the point which occasions so much jealousy and heart-burning between several of the states and the
The next ground of objection to the jurisdiction of the district court is, that the state of Pennsylvania claimed an interest in the subject in dispute between the parties to that cause.
The amendment to the constitution upon which this question occurs, declares that "the judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States, by citizens of another state, or by citizens or subjects of any foreign state." It is certain that the suit in the district court was not commenced or prosecuted against the state of Pennsylvania. She was in no respect a party to that suit. But it is contended that under a fair construction of this amendment, if a state claims an interest in the subject of dispute, the case is not cognizable in a federal court. In most cases it will be found that the soundest and safest rule by which to arrive at the meaning and intention of a law, is to abide by the words which the law maker has used. If he has expressed himself so ambiguously, that the plain interpretation of the words would lead to absurdity, and to a contradiction of the obvious intention of the law, a more liberal course may be pursued. But if upon any occasion the strict rule should be observed, it ought to be in expounding the constitution; although I do not mean to say that even in that case this rule should be inflexible. Every reason is opposed to the construction contended for by the defendant's counsel; and, to our apprehension there is not one sound reason in favor of it. If the title to the thing in dispute be in the state and this is made to appear to the court, it is inconceivable that the plaintiff should recover so as to disturb that right. But if he should recover, the state would not be bound by the judgement not being a party to it. This is by no means a new case. If one individual obtains a judgement or decree against another, the interest of a third person, not a party, would not be bound or prejudiced by the decision; but he may nevertheless assert his right in a court of justice against the party in possession of the property to which he claims title. The state cannot be forced into court; but she may come there, if she pleases, in pursuit of her rights, and will no doubt do so upon all proper and necessary occasions.
But if on the other hand, the mere claim of interest by a state in the subject in dispute, between two citizens, can have the magic effect of suspending all the functions of a court of justice over that subject, and of annihilating its decrees when pronounced, this effective and necessary branch of our government, and of all free governments, may be rendered useless at any moment, at the pleasure of a state. If the suit be prosecuted against a state, the court perceives at once its want of jurisdiction, and can dismiss the party at the threshold. But if a latent claim in the state, not known perhaps by any of the litigant parties, is sufficient to oust the jurisdiction, to annul the judgement when rendered, and to affect all the parties concerned with the consequences of carrying a void judgement into execution, the federal courts may become more than useless—they will be traps in which old Congress—it divided the opinion
of many men of unquestionable talents and integrity, and certainly was a question of no small difficulty. But the state of Pennsylvania having ratified the present constitution, did thereby virtually invest the courts of the United States with the power to decide this controversy. They have decided it, and being clearly within their jurisdiction, I am not at liberty to consider it as now open to discussion. The supreme court of the U. States, has more than once decided, that the old court of appeals had the power to reverse the verdicts of juries, or with standing the law of any state to the contrary. From the establishment of this principle, it irresistibly results that Gideon Olmstead and his associates, were entitled to the whole proceeds of the Active and her cargo, and may pursue them into whatever hands they may have fallen, unless indeed they have fallen into the hands of persons not subject to a suit in the courts of the United States.
(Chief Justice Tilghman's opinion on the writ of habeas corpus, &c.)

unwary suitors may be ensnared to their ruin. To illustrate this position, the district attorney mentioned very strong and very supposable cases. I will add one other. A sues B for a debt, or for property either real or personal in his possession. Conscious that he must pay the money, or lose his possession in consequence of the unquestionable title of his adversary, B pays over the money, or conveys the property even pending the suit, to a third person, for the use of the state, and by this operation arrests the further progress of the suit, or avoids the judgment whenever it shall pass. A doctrine so unjust, and and by with consequences so alarming and so fatal to the general government, should have strong and unequivocal words to support it. The court would be very mischievously employed in supplying them. We should convert this amendment, this sacrifice made to state pride, into an engine to demolish altogether one of the essential branches of the general government.
To this branch of the argument, therefore, the answer is short but conclusive. The state is not a party, and she has no interest in the subject in dispute in the district court. The decree of the court of appeals extinguished the interest of Pennsylvania in any share of the Active and her cargo, and vested the whole in Olmstead and his associates, who might rightfully follow that part of the proceeds which came into the hands of the representatives of Rittenhouse, who held them as stake-holders for whoever might have title to them. Rittenhouse himself held them in his private capacity and not as treasurer, for his individual security against the bond given to Rittenhouse, and which was still outstanding when this decree was rendered. I know not how this part of the subject can be made plainer.
There is another objection to the argument drawn from the interest of the state, which was not satisfactorily answered by Mr. Ingersoll, to whom it was stated by the court, during this discussion. By the constitution of the U. S. the judicial power extends to all controversies between a state and citizens of another state, whatever might be the nature of the controversy, and no matter as to the court to which the cause might be assigned by the legislative distribution of the judicial powers. That amendment declares that the above provisions shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity commenced or prosecuted against a state by a citizen of another state or an alien. This was not a suit at law or in equity—but in a court of the law of national jurisdiction. The question put to the learned counsel, was, "Is such a case excluded from the cognizance of the district court by this amendment?" The answer given was, that the amendment ought to be so construed, this case being equally within the mischief meant to be remedied: That is—the court is bound to supply the words "or to cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction." Would we be justified by any rule of law in admitting such an interpolation, even if a reason could not be assigned for the omission of those words in the amendment itself? I think not. In our various struggles to get at the spirit and intention of the framers of the constitution, I fear that this invaluable charter of our rights would, in a very little time, be entirely construed away, and become at length so disfigured that its founders would recollect very few of its original features. But there appears to be a solid reason for the limitation of the amendment to cases at law and in equity. And this will throw some light upon the preceding branch of his argument. Suits at law and in equity cannot be prosecuted against a state without making her a party, and the judgment acts directly upon her. But in what manner was the execution to be made effectual? The subject was a delicate one, and it was thought best to avoid having it practically tested. But in cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction, the property in dispute is generally in the possession of the court, or of persons bound to produce it or its equivalent, and the proceedings are in rem. The court decides in whom the right is, and distributes the proceeds accordingly. In such a case the court need not depend upon the good will of a state claiming an interest in the thing to enable it to execute its decrees. All the world are parties to such a suit, and of course are bound by the sentence. The state may interpose her claim and have it decided. But she cannot be, and after the decree is passed, say she was a party, and therefore not bound for want of jurisdiction in the court. This doctrine, in relation of the proceedings of a court of the law of nations, and in which all nations are interested, might be productive of the most serious consequences to the general government, to whom is confided all our relations
with foreign governments. As at present advised, then, we think that the amendment to the constitution does not extend to suits of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction.
The second ground of justification is founded upon the orders of the governor of this state, issued as it is contended under the sanction of a law of the state. Whether the true meaning of that law has been mistaken or not, it would perhaps ill become this court to decide; but it will not, I trust, be deemed indecorous if we express a hope that it was so. It is more agreeable to think that an individual should have been mistaken in his judgment (and in this case we are bound to think that the error, if any, was not of the heart) than that the legislature should have intended so open an attack upon the constitution and government of the U. S. But if such was the design of the law, we must lament the circumstance, and must without reserve, pronounce it to be unconstitutional and void. Upon what is the law predicated? Upon the invalidity of the sentence of the district court. But have the people of the U. S. confided to the legislatures of the states, or even to that of the U. S. the power to declare the judgments of the national courts null and void? Could such a power be granted to them, without sapping the foundations of the government, and extinguishing the last spark of American liberty? It is a truth not to be questioned, that the power to declare the judgments of the courts void, can never be safely lodged with a body who may enforce its decision by the physical force of the people. This power necessarily resides in the judicial tribunals and can safely reside no where else. Whether a state court is competent to declare a judgment of a federal court void for want of jurisdiction, need not now be considered. It may however be observed that, admitting the right in the first instance, the ultimate decision of the question belongs to the supreme judicial tribunal of the nation, if that decision be required, for the judicial power extends to all cases arising under the constitution and the laws of the U. S. made in pursuance thereof; and the 25th section of the judicial law, with a view to secure to the national judiciary this important privilege, vests in the supreme court a power to review and affirm or reverse the decision of the highest court of law or equity in a state, where a question depending upon the construction of any clause in the constitution or treaty or statute of the U. S. had been decided against the title, &c. claimed under the constitution, &c. It seems, however, that this power is considered as being unsafely lodged in the national courts, because it may be abused for the purpose of drawing every case into the vortex of the federal jurisdiction. Whence can arise this jealousy? Have the judges of these courts or of any courts, an interest in extending the sphere of their jurisdiction? Quite otherwise; as the jurisdiction of the court is abridged, the labor of the judge is diminished. Is it a privilege which is claimed for the advantage of the court, or of the individuals who compose it? By no means. It is the privilege of the citizen; as long as I have the honor of a seat on the bench, I will consider myself as one of the guardians of this privilege (a very feeble one I acknowledge) with a steady and unvarying eye fixed upon the constitution as my guide. I shall march forward without entertaining the guilty wish to limit this privilege where the citizen may fairly claim it, or the desire, not less criminal, to enlarge its boundaries because it is claimed.
If then the validity of the decree of the district court be established upon the ground of reason—upon the basis of the opinion of Congress and decision of the supreme, federal and state courts more than once given, what follows? That the governor of this state had no power to order the defendants to array themselves against the U. S. acting through its judicial tribunals, and the legislature of the state was equally incompetent to clothe him with such a power had it so intended. The defendants were bound by a paramount duty to the government of the union, and ought not to have obeyed the mandate. There were but two modes by which the general government could assert the supremacy of its power on this occasion—by the peaceful interference of the civil authority, or by the sword. The first has been tried and the defendants are now called to answer for their conduct before a jury of their country. Will any man be found bold enough to condemn this mode of proceeding, or complain that this alternative has been chosen? But if the accused can plead the orders of their Governor, as a justification of their conduct, and if the sufficiency of such a plea is established, the civil authority is done away, its means are inadequate to its end, and force must be resorted to. Are we
prepared for such a state of things? The doctrine appears to us monstrous; the consequences of it terrible. We regret that it was broached. It was contended, that in a case where a state government authorises resistance to the process of a federal court, though in a cause wherein the court had competent jurisdiction, the only remedy in such an emergency is negotiation. If there was no federal, no common head, this position might be admitted, and on the failure of the negotiations, the ultima ratio must be resorted to. But under our constitution of government, which declares the laws of the U. S. made in pursuance of that instrument, the supreme law of the land, and which vests in the courts of the U. S. jurisdiction to try and decide upon particular cases, I am altogether at a loss to conceive how, in the case stated, negotiations between the general and paramount government in relation to the powers granted to it, and a state government, can be necessary, and could even be proper. I speak not of the power, but of the right of resistance.
But it is contended that the defendants, standing in the characters of subordinate officers to the Governor and Commander in Chief of the state, were bound implicitly to obey his orders; and that although the orders were unlawful, still the officer and those under his command were justifiable in obeying them. This argument is imposing but very unsound. In a state of open and public war, where military awe prevails, and the peaceful voice of municipal law is drowned in the roar of arms, great indulgencies must necessarily be extended to acts of subordinate officers done in obedience to the orders of their superiors. But even there the order of a superior officer to take the life of a citizen, or to invade the sanctity of his house, and to deprive him of his property would not shield the inferior against the charge of murder or trespass in the regular judicial tribunals of the country.
In the case of Little and Bareme, the supreme court felt every move which could affect them as men, to excuse an unlawful act performed by a meritorious officer. He was at sea, without the possibility of consulting with counsel or others, as to the legality of the act he was about to execute, and which appeared to him to be authorised by the chief Executive Magistrate of the nation in their instructions received from the Navy Department. Not withstanding these powerful pleas in his favor, which were addressed upon him to the fact of his having who were to decide on his case, the supreme court convicted that the act of one and did not warrant the instructions given, and consequently that the officer was not justified in doing what he did. I am not sure, but I am inclined to think, that he afterwards obtained relief from congress.
This is said to be a hard case upon the defendants, because if they had refused obedience to the order of the Governor they would have been punished by the state. I acknowledge it is a hard case, but with this you have nothing to do, if the law is against the reference. It may however be observed, that had the defendants refused obedience and been prosecuted before a military or state court, they ought to have been acquitted upon the ground that the orders themselves were unlawful and void, and we ought of course to suppose that they would have been acquitted.
We enter not into the political discussions which have been so ably conducted on both sides; but we admonish you to discard from your minds all political considerations; all party feelings and all federal or state prejudices. The questions involved in this case are in the highest degree momentous, and demand a cool and dispassionate consideration. We rely upon your integrity and wisdom, for a decision which you can reconcile to your consciences, and to the duties which you owe to God and to your country.
TAMMANY SOCIETY. ANNIVERSARY MEETING. The Society will assemble at the Council Fire of its great Wigwam, (Linden Hall) on FRIDAY the 12th day of the present month of November, at 4 o'clock in the afternoon, for the purpose of electing Officers for the ensuing year and celebrating the anniversary of Tammany. By order of the Society. H. SMITH, Sec. City of Washington, Month of Flowers, 10th. Year of discovery the 317th. (May 10, 1809.)
A RUNAWAY. WAS committed to the jail of Washington county in the district of Columbia as a runaway on the 9th of April last, a black woman who calls herself KITTY, and says she belongs to Elijah Sha of Accomack county, Virginia—she is about 30 years of age, 5 feet 3 inches 1 1/2 high; had on when committed a blue check calico gown, cotton shift, shoes and stockings and no other clothes with her. Her owner is desired to come prove her and take her away or she will be sold for her jail fees & other expenses as the law directs. C. TIPPET, Keeper of the Jail for W. Boyd, Marshal. May 12—w3t
FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE.
New-York, May 8.
LATEST FROM ENGLAND.
The ship Ann, which arrived at this port on Saturday in 37 days from Rousegate, furnishes the Editor of the Mercantile Advertiser with London papers to the 25th of March, inclusive, two days later than the preceding intelligence from Boston. They do not, however, contain much news of moment, as will appear by the following articles, which are selected as the most prominent:—
London, March 15. — THE ELOPEMENT. —There is no truth in the report that was universally circulated on Wednesday, that Lord Paget had been killed in a duel, in consequence of his elopement with Lady Charlotte Wellesley. We did not state the rumor, because we had ascertained it to be unfounded. The injured husband is confined to his chamber by indisposition; and it would be a degree of errantry inconsistent with civilization for any other gentleman to interfere. We have no doubt but that the criminal couple are themselves the most miserable of the human race. They have abandoned 12 or 15 children; and have reduced three noble families to the most poignant distress!
The elopement took place on Monday afternoon. Mr. Henry Wellesley, who is secretary of the treasury, had spoken, it seems, more pointedly than ever to Lady Charlotte, on the very marked and constant attention of Lord Paget, which though from the long and confidential friendship which had subsisted between the families, he did not apprehend to be dishonorable, might affect her reputation in the world. Lady Charlotte was indignant at the idea of reproach; and hurried out with her servant to take the air in the Green Park. She desired him to remain at the gate, as she should walk for a short time; and it appears that her ladyship took a hackney coach, and sent a note to Lord P. at Uxbridge house. They met, and in this state of irritated feelings, and probably on the consciousness of guilt, they set off together. As she did not return to dinner, inquiries were made. The servant had continued at the gate of the Green Park till a late hour; and on his return home, being questioned, he gave the above account. The melancholy truth was confirmed by a letter which, as we have mentioned, Lord P. wrote to his father, in which he acknowledged his trespass; and that he had in vain, in the heat of battle, sought a refuge from the agonies of a distracted mind. It is certain that on every occasion in Spain, he exposed himself in a way which got him the reputation of rash and adventurous gallantry; as it could not be imagined that a nobleman apparently gifted with all the means and objects of happiness could be in reality so wretched. The two sisters, Lady Charlotte and Lady Emily Caledon, married two brothers, Henry and William Wellesley. Lord Paget is married to one of the beautiful daughters of Lady Jersey, by whom he has a numerous family. Lord Paget, it is understood, has resigned his commission in the British army, and is about to rejoin as a volunteer in the Austrian service. There has been no duel in consequence of the unhappy elopement.
London, March 25. Letters dated the 21st inst. have been received from Holland. They do not corroborate the previous accounts, received through the same channel, of hostilities having actually commenced between Austria and France. The extreme caution they observe in advertising the occurrences in Germany is a proof of the rigorous precautions which have been adopted to prevent intelligence of the real state of that country being transmitted to this. By a comparison of their contents, the following particulars may, however, be collected and relied on. The Austrian armies are universally in motion; and are far more numerous, formidable and better organized, than they have been represented in the papers under the control of the tyrant. They have arrived before now, amply and better supplied than in my former campaign, with every article essential to a vigorous prosecution of hostilities, at their respective places of destination, and probably sustained already the first shock of the enemy. The nomination of the Archduke Charles to the chief and uncontrolled command of the respective armies, has produced the highest confidence in the officers and soldiers, and diffused among every class of Austrian subjects, the most sanguine hopes of success. He places himself at the head of that force, wherever it may be, which shall be opposed to that command by Bonaparte in person. The highest unanimity prevail in every province in Austria, and a cheerful submission to the measures, proposed by government in this important juncture, distinguishes the conduct of the peasant, as well as that of the nobleman
and merchant. The militia evince as much zeal & alacrity as regular corps; and the Hungarians, so often the terror, and in a crisis almost equally dangerous, the last prop of the empire, display as much ardor on the present occasion, as they did in that memorable one, when they stepped forward to support the rights of Maria Theresa against the united efforts of France, Prussia, Spain and Bavaria.
Ministers have received information of an entire change in the commercial system of the United States, with regard to this country. The embargo is rescinded, with the understanding that his majesty on the notification of this arrangement will repeal the orders in council, so far as their operation extends to the American Republic. We most anxiously hope for the sake of the vast mercantile interests connected with this subject, that such a concession on the part of America is founded on an explicit communication, as to the intentions of G. Britain, and that the confidence generously reposed in them will not be disappointed.
It is strongly reported that, instead of a proclamation by the emperor Francis, France has declared war against Austria, and that the declaration was published at Paris on the 17th inst.
The treaty between G. Britain and Spain, we understand, was signed on Wednesday; but some articles, not yet precisely adjusted, are left for future arrangement.
It is stated, that Vigo and some other harbors of Gallacia are now open to English ships. The communication with the ports of Asturias has not been obstructed by the enemy, since his appearance on the Northern shores of the Douro.
Don Jobe Herida, who was lately massacred at Cadiz, was a cousin of the Prince of Peace, and was by him promoted to the office of Collector of Public Rents and Customs. He was a man held in general detestation; and until he was raised by his cousin to a trust both lucrative and respectable, was only known as a smuggler.
We understand that the 3d, 4th, and 10th regiments of cavalry are immediately to be embarked for Lisbon, and these are to be followed by the heavy horse of the German Legion.
The Princess Eliza, as she is termed by Bonaparte, and whom he has declared arch-duchess of Tuscany, with the title of 'Imperial Highness,' is the favorite sister of the Corsican. In St. Domingo, while her first husband, General Le Clerc, governed and desolated that beautiful island, she amassed an immense fortune, which, together with her connections, procured her a second husband, the prince Borghese. During her residence at Paris, some years ago, madam Bonaparte and she were known to live on the worst terms. This revolutionary princess is nearly 41 years of age, possessed of no personal attractions, but acute, high spirited, rapacious, and fond of dominion. The Tuscans universally deprecate her arrival among them at Florence.
March 25. —The following facts may likewise be relied on. A strong fortification exists in Tyrol; and these brave Mountaineers have exhibited such marks of disaffection to the Batavian government that the greater part of the Batavian troops has been ordered, under Baron Van Wrede, to keep them in awe. Sentiments, equally favorable to the cause Austria is going to contend for, are manifested, though not so openly by all the states that have voluntarily entered, or been pressed, into the Rhenish confederacy. The desertion from the Batavian and Wurttemberg troops was so universal that it was found expedient, toward the end of last month, to remove them to a greater distance from the Austrian frontiers. The co-operation of Saxony in this iniquitous aggression, is not only doubtful but may be denied with safety. And, if we take the moral character of the Sovereign, the feelings of Saxons and the long established family alliance between the two courts into consideration, we feel less hesitation to discredit the reported repugnance of that Prince to contribute to the overthrow of Austria. The hostile demonstrations said to be made by the king of Prussia, may possible originate in speculations and wishes of the writers of those letters, in which they are unequivocally mentioned; but if any political conjectures to that purpose may be formed on the sentiments of the sovereign, his illustrious spouse, and the majority of his subjects, we may confidently and boldly assert, that if Prussia takes an active part, she will do it in favor of Austria. On the eventual conduct, or the present policy of Russia, it is more difficult to decide; but even the testimony of the enemy corroborates the important fact, that she will not act against Austria. However, if our readers are willing to allow a single particle of good sense, honor or integrity, to exist in the councils of that court, or that a spark of Peter's

genius and Catharine's ambition, lurks in the remotest fold of Alexander's heart, they must be convinced that he will act for Austria. We have, however, some facts which may guide our speculations in this respect;—the recall of Romanzoff from Paris, the change in the foreign department, the negotiation with Talleyrand, the journey of their Prussian majesties to St. Petersburg, and the measures bordering on actual hostilities he carried into execution on their return; these facts, which, at any other period, would be considered as unequivocal proofs of a total change in the policy of that court. We must acknowledge, we are among the number of those who anticipate that event; and, when we look back the short space of two years, when Alexander displayed so much loyalty, good faith, and magnanimity, we fondly and pertinaciously adhere to the hope, that a monarch, who stood once, & so deservedly, high in the esteem of his country, will soon rank again among the most ardent of our supporters in favor of universal freedom. Denmark follows of course in the vortex of Russian politics.
Lower Rhine, March 12.
A dreadful storm is again gathering over the continent of Europe, and I doubt whether at any time before such numerous corps of troops were at once in motion as at this present moment. The armies of France and her allies, which are actually already marching against Austria, may, without the least exaggeration, be estimated at 600,000 men. It is not equally easy to ascertain the real military force of Austria; but there cannot remain a doubt of its being also very formidable.
Leipsic, March 8.
The last hopes of the preservation of peace are vanishing fast away. All the measures adopted by our government point at any thing but peace, and it seems to be finally decided, that the fruitful fields of Germany are again to be inundated with blood. The Castle of Weissenfels is fitting up for the reception of certain exalted personages in case of war.
The last letters from Vienna state, that all the general officers who were in the metropolis have left it to join their different corps.
Lower Elbe, March 6.
According to intelligence from Sweden, the king has forbidden the introduction of English newspapers into his dominions, not on account of any hostile disposition towards England, but because some of the English newspapers express themselves in a style concerning Swedish affairs, which the king fears may produce unpleasant effects upon the minds of his subjects.
WASHINGTON CITY.
FRIDAY, MAY 12.
The American Press could not, perhaps, have conferred a higher benefit on the public, than has been done by the recent publication of Malthus's Treatise on the Principle of Population . However divided men of science and observation may be on the accuracy of the inferences deduced by the writer, there can be no division on the importance of the subject discussed, on the candor with which it is treated, and on the diligence with which facts have been collected. A more vigorous, original and practical work has not for a long time been penned. Few men will peruse it without profit; for should it fail in adding to their stores of knowledge, it will indisputably succeed in given new and useful directions to their reflections. If we are not mistaken, the principles it establishes will hereafter pervade the page of history, by the clear light which they are calculated to shed on many of the most obscure and otherwise inexplicable events that befall nations.
The leading principle, assumed by Mr. Malthus, is, that the great mass of misery and vice prevalent in the world, has been the result of a too rapid increase of the human species, which by outgrowing the existing limits of subsistence have principally given birth to the wars, diseases and famines which have successively desolated the earth, and have consigned the greater portion of its inhabitants to indigence and wretchedness. Having conclusively established, as he thinks, this principle, he exposes the absurdity of all those attempts, which have been made from time immemorial, to accelerate the natural increase of the human species; and not satisfied with enforcing this position, he recommends to moral and religious instructors the inculcation of a forbearance to marry until the parties possess the probable means of maintaining their children. He contends that nothing has been so fertile in the creation of misery as early marriages in communities where the means of subsistence have
not been previously obtained; and infers that it is our duty so to regulate our conduct and passions, as to avoid a step which cannot fail, when these means do not exist, of not only making ourselves wretched, but likewise of entailing wretchedness on our children. And, notwithstanding the strength of the passions, he thinks that our own reflection, co-operating with public opinion, may have a great effect in repressing imprudent marriages, or an early sexual intercourse. These inferences, if drawn from correct principles, however they may hereafter apply to this country, are happily at present in a great measure inapplicable. For the means of subsistence are so prodigiously produced among us, as invariably even to exceed the unprecedented growth of our numbers.
There is, however, one inference drawn which is not altogether inapplicable to our state of society. It relates to the mode of providing for the support of the poor. This inference explodes as unjust and insufficient all the public institutions established in Europe for their maintenance; and goes to show that so far from mitigating, they have constantly tended to aggravate the evil. If this view be just, if it ought not at present materially to influence our conduct, it should, at least, be steadily kept in view as our state of society approximates to that of Europe.
One thing we are happy to find, as it confirms an opinion which we have long entertained; in the judgment of Mr. Malthus, the condition of the poor is most successfully to be ameliorated by the education of their children, which he strongly recommends as a substitute for their pecuniary maintenance. This he inculcates as a duty incumbent on every one, as in every respect unexceptionable, and as a blessing which cannot be too widely extended.
At present we are a happy people. The gifts of fortune, as they are unjustly called, are indeed, as they must be, unequally distributed among us; but the career to comfort, to wealth, and even to power, is open to all, and there is no one among us that perishes with indigence. How long we shall remain so must depend on ourselves, if the immutable laws of nature do not imperiously, as it is believed they do not, destine us to the same round with those nations whose memorials only exist on the page of history. If we avoid the wreck which has befallen other nations, it can only be by shunning the causes which led to their destruction. To those, who wish distinctly to perceive these causes, and have the ambition of exploring the path by which they may be avoided, we warmly recommend a perusal of this able work.
Tennessee Election. —The poll for a member of Congress, for the district formerly represented by G. W. Campbell, (being the only one from which we have heard) was as follows, in the county in which Knoxville is situated: P. M. Miller 475 Scattering 6
FROM THE RICHMOND ENQUIRER.
The following circular is to be forwarded by the Governor of this commonwealth, to the officers commanding its detachment of the requisition of 100,000 troops, for the use of the U. States:—
Richmond, May 5th, 1809.
Sir, I have great pleasure in forwarding to you the enclosed communication from the Secretary of War, and have to request that the wishes of the President of the U. States, therein contained, may be fully complied with; to that end I send you a copy of the said communication, for each of the commanders of regiments, within your brigade.
Accept my hearty congratulations on the late happy change of prospect with respect to our foreign relations; and permit me to hope that on all occasions similar to the one which produced the late call for a portion of our citizen soldiers to be held in readiness to take the field, the militia of Virginia will, as they always have done, promptly step forward in vindication of her national rights and honor: effectually to do so, it is necessary that no relaxation of effort to obtain military knowledge should be permitted to take place in consequence of present pacific appearances. I have therefore (and I trust it will not be deemed unreasonable) to exhort my fellow citizens of the militia, zealously to employ themselves in the acquisition of a knowledge of that art which may be their greatest security in the day of battle.
I am, with great respect, Sir, Your obedient servant, (Signed) JOHN TYLER. To BRIGADIER GENERAL —
CIRCULAR. His Excellency, the Governor of Virginia. War Department, 29th April, 1809. Sir, I am directed by the President of the U. S. to inform your excellency that the detachment of 10,198 militia, made in pursuance of a communication to your excellency from this department, bearing date the 29th day of Oct. 1808, is no longer required to be held in readiness for actual service. In the orders which your excellency will give for discharging the troops from that service, it is requested by the President, that his thanks may be presented to the corps whose patriotism has induced them to volunteer their services to the United States.
I have the honor to be, Very respectfully, Your obedient servant, WM. EUSTIS, Secretary for the Department of War.
Alexandria, May 2.
Yesterday the President of the U. States and Heads of Department honored the citizens of Alexandria with their company at a public dinner, agreeable to an invitation given them. The President was met at the foot of the Potomac bridge (which he passed in his carriage) by the officers of the second legion of militia on horseback, accompanied by an escort from captain Dandridge's troop of cavalry, and a number of the citizens on horseback. He was conducted into town down Washington street, into King street, where he was received by col. McKinney and the different uniform companies of militia, who saluted him as he passed, and when he had alighted at Mr. Caton's Hotel, the military fired a federal salute. The President was received at Mr. Caton's by the committee of arrangement, and the citizens of the town were introduced, and paid their respects to their respected and welcome guests. The military officers also waited upon the President and his suite and were introduced by col. McKinney.
At 3 o'clock the company sat down to an elegant dinner, provided by Mr. Caton. William Herbert, Esq. Mayor of the town, presided, supported by the hon. Judge Fitzhugh and Col. Simms as vice presidents. After dinner the following toasts were drunk, interspersed with songs and music; and we are happy to say that on no former occasion have we seen a more numerous and respectable company, and the greatest cordiality and cheerfulness pervaded every countenance.
1. The United States, their Union the basis of their strength, peace and happiness. 2. The Constitution of the U. S. the cement of their union. 3. The people of the U. S. too just to invade the rights of others, too proud to surrender their own. 4. The Congress of the U. S. may their deliberations result in their country's welfare. 5. The Judiciary of the U. S. 6. The advancement of science and the diffusion of information, the best ailment to true liberty. 7. Internal improvement and facility of intercourse. 8. Peace and friendly intercourse with all nations having correspondent dispositions. 9. The memory of Gen. Washington. 10. The Sages and Heroes of the glorious revolution. 11. Agriculture, commerce and manufactures. 12. The militia of the U. S. well regulated, the firmest bulwark of the republic. 13. The army and navy of the U. States. 14. The American fair.
By the President of the U. S. Prosperity to Alexandria.
By the Secretary of State.
Institutions for the diffusion of knowledge—may they be patronised as objects of primary importance.
By the Secretary of the Treasury.
The District of Columbia.
By the Secretary of War.
The second legion of the militia of the district of Columbia.
After the President and Head of Departments had retired—
James Madison, Esq. President of the U. S.
The Heads of Departments.
VOLUNTEERS.
By the Merchants.
The Secretary of the Treasury.
By the officers of the second Legion.
The Secretary at War.
By James Keene, Esq.
May this day terminate all party distinctions.
By Mr. Hopkins.
The Chief Justice of the United States.
Knoxville, April 29.
The Legislature of this state adjourned at 12 o'clock at night on Saturday last. The act concerning excise and for other purposes, passed
the Senate, eight to four. Mr. White moved an address to the President of the U. States, which was unanimously agreed to. As soon as we can procure a copy, it shall be inserted.
Boston, May 6.
The fortifications now erecting on Governor's Island, in this harbor, are a Circular Work for heavy cannon on the extreme point of West Head, in the water, and adjacent to the main channel, commanded by a battery, to be built on the summit of West Head, which battery will be commanded by Fort Warren, the work erected last summer. These, with a battery of fifteen 24 pounders on the South Point, constitute the works on Governor's Island.
By the schr. Maria, capt. Grant, from St. Bartholomews, we learn, that on the 15th of April, the French fleet were blockaded in the Saints by adm. Cochrane's fleet—that on the 16th they slipped their cables, and on the 17th they got into Basseterre, where they landed their stores, &c.
At the west precinct in Bridgewater, on Tuesday last, a cow belonging to Mr. Thomas Ames, of that place, calved four calves, three of them were alive, and like to do well, when our informant saw them. Boston Gazette.
Winusor, (Ver.) May 2.
On Friday last, about 12 o'clock at noon, a gentleman arrived in town, with the joyful news which is communicated in the preceding columns of this paper. The glad tidings immediately spread through the vicinity; all party animosities were laid aside; the bell was rung; the United States' flag was hoisted; the citizens assembled; formed a procession in the main street, and preceded by a band of music and a field piece, marched on to the court house common, when the cannon was discharged a number of times, accompanied with the shouts of the citizens. After which the procession returned to the place from whence it moved, and the citizens dispersed. As no one since independence in our country, has there been that appearance of union of sentiment in any one act of the general government as the present time.
Philadelphia, May 9.
General Bright, and the other citizens of the militia, who were sentenced to fine and imprisonment, for resisting the execution of the laws of the United States, in the case of Olmstead, were yesterday evening released: the President of the U. States having, in special form remitted both species of penalty, considering the law as satisfied, as far as relates to those citizens, who acted under the erroneous orders of the governor of the state.
Baltimore, May 10.
A passenger in the ship United States arrived at Alexandria, informs, that before he sailed from St. Bartholomews, a gentleman came on board and informed, that a vessel had just arrived from St. Thomas, which brought accounts of the capture of St. Domingo by the British. It was expected that Guadalupe would not stand out long; the British had commenced the bombardment.
The Felucca built schooner, Swift, captain Watts, belonging to this port, built on a new model, performed her passage from the Capes of Virginia to St. Jago de Cuba, in the extraordinary short passage of eight days.
Baltimore, May 10.
"We are informed that the Spanish Consul in this city, has received an official communication from the Intendant General of the Island of Cuba, dated the 20th April, in which he is informed, that for the present, the Havanna, Matanzas, Santiago de Cuba, and Trinidad, are the only ports in said island where neutral ships and those of the allies of Spain can be admitted; that to further the introduction of flour from New Spain, a duty of eight dollars per barrel is laid on American flour when brought in American vessels, and five dollars for the same, if brought in Spanish vessels—but may be transported from one to another of the above ports, without further contribution; and if exported to a foreign country, will pay one per cent. on said duty, though it be only removed from one vessel to another."
"It is further stated that some alteration in the duties of other articles of provisions is about to take place whenever the supplies from New Spain can be ascertained, of which due notice will be given."
Richmond, May 9.
Extract from the proceedings of the President and Professors of William and Mary College, April 14, 1809.
Resolved, That JOHN S. BARBOUR be, and hereby is, forever expelled from this college, for giving a challenge to fight a duel, and other conduct contrary to the rules for the maintenance of good order.
Signed, J. MADISON, President
From the Boston Patriot.
EPILOGUE TO WHO'S THE DUPE!
Scene—a Street—Head Quarters of Good Principles.
The gay Editor, a grave Senator, and Supernumeraries, (two Republicans.)
Ed. Great news, your honor—glad tidings from Washington.
Sen. Yes, and very ill-timed too.
Ed. Earlier would have been better—but better late than never.
Sen. Hush—not so fast, major. 'Tis too soon by a month or so. There's our election for representatives, you know, and—
Ed. Yes, your honor, and I think this will tend to unite the peop—
Sen. Yie! The wrong way I am—
Ed. (softly.) These gentlemen are demos, sir.
Sen. A word with you alone, major. (Aside.) We must try to turn this in our favor, if pos—
Ed. A tougher job than John Bull's victory at Copenha—besides, you see even the populace of England can be no longer deceived. Our friends there are evidently on their way ends.
Sen. So shall we be here, if we don't trim our sails; so as to catch this unlucky breeze from Washington to our account.
Ed. I profess some skill in trimming—but this flaw is dead against us, at every point.
Sen. Courage, major—"All adversum." You know we have one advantage—there's the blind side of the populace, and—
Ed. But we have cuffed the blind side already (il—
Sen. Courage, I say, my good major. I'll prepare for your paper a long represent—
Ed. (pausing.) Representative catch—wait—but I had rather it would be short, as things are—you may try the experiment in the Opera-tory and Palladium first—I'll wait a week or so—and then, if your plan takes, your honor may burnish up something, and I will publish—
JOTHAM SOUTHWICK.
TWO FURNISHED ROOMS TO LET.
Next door West of Mrs. Doyle's Boarding House, Pennsylvania Avenue. MAY 12—3t.
BY HIS EXCELLENCY JAMES BUTCHER, Governor of Maryland.
A PROCLAMATION.
WHEREAS it is provided by the thirty-second article of the Constitution and Form of Government, 'that upon the death, resignation, or removal out of this state, of the Governor, the first named of the Council for the time being shall act as Governor, and qualify in the same manner, and shall immediately call a meeting of the General Assembly, giving not less than fifteen days notice of the meeting, at which meeting a governor shall be appointed in manner afore-said for the residue of the year.' And whereas His Excellency ROBERT WRIGHT, Esq. late Governor of this state, resigned the said office on Saturday, the sixth inst. I have therefore, in virtue of the above power and directions, appointed Monday the fifth day of June next, for the meeting and holding of the General Assembly of this state, of which the several sheriffs are hereby enjoined to give public and due notice.
Given at the City of Annapolis, under the seal of the State of Maryland, this eighth day of May, in the year of our Lord, one thousand eight hundred and nine. By his excellency's command, NINIAN PINKNEY, Clk of the Council. May 12—Gum5
NOTICE.
HAVING agreeably to the laws of Maryland, attached Fourteen Hogsheads of Tobacco, inspected at Bladensburg Warehouse, as the property of John Goulding, to secure the payment of a debt due from him to me, I hereby warn those who may be disposed to purchase the Inspector's Notes therefor, that I shall prosecute the writ of attachment to final issue agreeably to law. The following are the marks, numbers and weights of the said Fourteen Hogsheads of Tobacco:
 B E C 7 1131 92 1039  — 8 1032 96 938  — 9 1129 96 1033  — 10 1028 98 930  — 4 1209 107 1103  — 5 1197 98 1099  — 6 1073 100 973  I I 271 1076 104 972  — 272 1062 101 951  — 274 1053 98 955  — 129 1046 108 938  M B 325 1076 100 976  I R H 211 1083 118 965  R R 270 1105 97 1013 
BAILEY E. CLARK. City of Washington, 12th May 1809—3t.
WILL BE SOLD AT PUBLIC AUCTION
ON FRIDAY the 19th day of MAY at 3 P. M. near the Capitol Hill, at the house of Mr. PEARSON; HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE, consisting of Beds, Bedsteads, Chairs, Tables, and a variety of other articles too tedious to mention—and also 400 or 500 bushels of Oyster Shells. Terms to be made known on the day of sale. SAM'L SPEARE, Auc. May 12—3t.
TEN DOLLARS REWARD
WILL be given to any person who will give satisfactory evidence against the person who SHOT the subscribers DOUSE in the common of this City, between the evening of the 2nd, and 3 o'clock of the morning of the 3rd instant. ROBERT KING. May 5—

FOR SALE AT PUBLIC AUCTION, On the Premises on the 15th day of June next, at 5 o'clock in the afternoon, LOT No. 3, in Sq. No. 161 in the city of Washington together with a Dwelling House and Slaughter-House thereon. Said property is well situated for a butcher. A fine run of water passes near it. It was formerly owned by Daniel Guyer. Terms of payment, one fourth cash in hand, one fourth payable in six months from the sale with interest, one fourth payable at the end of 12 months with interest, and the remainder payable at the end of 18 months with interest. Said payments are to be secured by good notes negotiable at the Bank and a mortgage on the property. April 17-4ds
By virtue of an authority to me given, will be SOLD at Public Vendue, at the House of Mr. Wm. Rhodes Innkeeper, city of Washington, on Saturday the 13th of May next ensuing, at 4 o'clock P. M. one equal half part of Lot No. 2 in square No. 228, in the city of Washington, adjoining Lot No. 3 in the said square, and containing 1,335 square feet and 7 1/2 inches. The above described Lot is advantageously situated on a public street, and is directly on the Tyber Creek, and near the public Wharf on said creek, on which said Lot is a new and an excellent pump of water. An indisputable title will be made and a credit of 60 days given, on note or notes with approved indorsers. J. A. PORTER. April 28-eps
WASHINGTON BRIDGE COMPANY. NOTICE is hereby given to the Proprietors of Sixteen Shares of the Capital Stock of the said Company, upon which the Second Instalment of Ten Dollars a share remains unpaid, which shares are numbered 451, 462, 467, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1992, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, and to the Proprietors of 83 Shares, upon which the Third Instalment of Ten Dollars a share remains unpaid, numbered 364, 365, 366, 367, 368, 369, 370, 371, 372, 373, 461, 462, 463, 474, 475, 476, 477, 478, 479, 480, 481, 482, 483, 484, 485, 486, 487, 488, 489, 490, 491, 492, 493, 579, 580, 581, 582, 583, 584, 585, 586, 587, 588, 589, 590, 641, 642, 643, 1059, 1069, 1070, 1339, 1340, 1468, 1534, 1535, 1924, 1925, 1926, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1992, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000. That unless the respective Instalments of Ten Dollars on each share, be paid to the Treasury, on or before the first day of June next, the President and Directors will proceed on that day, to forfeit for the benefit of the Company, the said Shares, in conformity with the provisions of "An act authorising the erection of a bridge over the river Potomac within the District of Columbia." NOTICE is also given to Delinquents of the Fourth Instalment, that unless they make payment immediately on their shares, the Directors will advertise them for forfeiture. By order of the Directors, DAN. CARROLL, of Uddn's Pr. April 46-1Jun.
By virtue of an order of the Circuit Court of the District of Columbia for Washington County, will be sold at public Vendue at the House of Mr. WILLIAM RHODES, Innkeeper, City of Washington, on Saturday the 13th of May next ensuing, at 3 o'clock P. M. the following very valuable property, in the city of Washington, to wit: Lot No. 6, in square No. 224, containing 4,518 3/4 square feet. On this lot, (with other improvements) is a large, elegant and commodious (three stories) brick house, well calculated for an extensive tavern or boarding house; and is now occupied, in part, by Mrs. Suter, as a boarding house, and the other part by Mr. Edgar Patterson, as a store. This property is situated on the corner of 15th and north E streets, directly opposite the treasury department, and may be justly said, to be as eligible and advantageous a situation for public business, as any in the city; and from the largeness and structure of the aforesaid house, it may be occupied and used, as two separate and suitable dwellings. The terms of sale will be, one fourth part in cash, and the residue on 12, 18 and 24 months credit, the purchaser or purchasers giving approved security; possession to be had immediately. Lots No. 15 and 16 adjoining, in square No. 407, containing 10,206 3/4 square feet. On those lots are some wooden framed houses. They are advantageously situated on Ninth and E streets. The terms of sale are, one half cash, and the balance on a credit of 90 days, the purchaser or purchasers giving note or notes, with approved indorsers—possession to be had immediately. Lot No. 43, in square No. 252, containing 10,592 square feet—Alley 1,238 sq. ft. and lot No. 27 in the same square, containing 10,322 square feet—Alley 309 1/2 square feet. Those lots are adjoining, and situated on 12th street, on one of which is erected a small wooden house. The terms of sale are, one half in cash, and the balance in 90 days, the purchaser or purchasers giving note or notes, with approved indorsers—Possession to be had immediately. All and singular the abovenamed property will be sold, subject to the dower of Mrs. Mary Ann Fenwick, Widow of Bennet Fenwick, deceased. Edgar Patterson, Alexander Cochrane, sen. Francis Clarke, James H. Blake, Pierce Purcell. N. B. Any person desirous of purchasing the aforesaid property, or any part thereof, can be made acquainted with, and satisfied as to the title, by applying to James A. Porter, Esq. Attorney for the present claimants and owners. April 28-eps.
BRICK DWELLING HOUSE, On Square, numbered 905 in the city of Washington, opposite to Mr. DRUMMOND'S TAVERN, near the Navy Yard— THE LOT is on a rent of One Dollar a front foot. The terms of sale will be made known on the day of sale, by THOMAS YOUNG. May 8-3t
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN. THAT Application will be made for the renewal of the following LOST Certificates, of the United States Light per Cent Stock, issued by Joseph Novar, Register of the Treasury, in favor of John Brown: viz. 7th Oct. 1800, No. 2, for $ 4000 8th Aug. 1801, 11, 400 13, 100 George Town, Dist. of Columbia JOHN BARNES. May 8-6w.
RESPECTFULLY informs the gentlemen of the district of Columbia and Public in general, that he has received by a late arrival from Philadelphia, a Choice Assortment of superior Cloths, Cassimeres, single and double milled, superior Coating, black silk Florentines. Likewise an elegant assortment of Spencees & rich silk Molekins for Waistcoats with a variety of other articles suitable for the season. Regimentals and Navy Uniforms made in the most elegant and uniform style of fashion. Richard Horwell's celebrated PATENT PARALLEL SUSPENDERS far superior to any hitherto in use can be had on the same terms retail, as at his Manufactory. November 27-4f
UPWARDS of four thousand Raccoon Skins, from the Lakes, will be sold at Public Auction, in lots to suit purchasers, at this office, on Wednesday the 17th May next, at 12 o'clock. For sums not exceeding Two Hundred Dollars cash must be paid. For sums exceeding that amount, notes with approved indorsers at ninety days will be taken. J. MASON, sup't. Indian Trade Office, Georgetown, April 20th, 1809.
PURSUANT to a decretal order of the Chancery District Court of Williamsburg, will be offered for sale, on the 4th Monday in May next, at Westmoreland Court House, being court day, that very valuable FARM, situated on Nomony river, in the county of Westmoreland, the property of JOHN MATTHEWS, late of said county, containing 643 Acres. A credit of twelve months will be given, the purchaser executing to the commissioners acting under the aforesaid order, bond with approved security, and a deed of trust on the land to secure the payment of the purchase money according to the terms of the decree. April 14-1s
FOR SALE AT PUBLIC AUCTION, On the Premises on the 15th day of June next, at 10 o'clock in the forenoon, LOTS No. 16 and 17, in Sq. No. 161 in the city of Washington, together with the Buildings thereon standing. Said property is directly opposite Mr. Wm. O'Neale's houses near the West Market, and is most advantageously situated, it being the estate formerly owned by Mr. Samuel Wilson, deceased. The terms of payment are one fourth cash in hand, the remainder divided into three equal annual payments with interest annually on these three payments which are to be secured by good notes negotiable at the Bank and a mortgage on the property. Also at the same time and place, Two SHARES in the Theatre. April 17-4ds
UNITED STATES— District of Columbia, Washington county, to wit: Circuit Court, December Term 1808. IN CHANCERY, 11TH APRIL 1809. Gideon Shoar—Complainant, against Abigail Perkins and others—Defendants. THE report of JOHN G. MCDOUGALL, the Trustee formerly appointed in this cause, under the decree of the 26th day of June A. D. 1808, having been returned, sworn to and filed, and the proceedings thereon approved: It is therefore ordered, adjudged and decreed this 11th day of April 1809, that the said report be ratified and confirmed unless cause be shown to the contrary on or before the first Monday of June next. Provided, a copy of this order be published for three successive weeks in the National Intelligencer, and in the New England Federalist before the said first Monday of June next. The report states, that the lots and premises mentioned in said report was sold for the sum of Five Hundred and Sixty-two Dollars and Thirty and one Half Cents. By order, Wm. BURN, Clk. May 8-3w
ON the petition of CORNELIUS WILLISS an insolvent debtor confined in the prison of Washington county aforesaid, for debt. Notice is hereby given to the creditors of said Cornelius Willis that on the 15th day of the present month, (May) at the Court Room at Long's Hotel at the hour of nine o'clock in the morning the oath prescribed by the act of Congress entitled, "An Act for the relief of insolvent debtors within the District of Columbia," will be administered to the said Cornelius Willis, and a Trustee appointed, unless sufficient cause be then and there shown to the contrary. It is ordered that this notice be published three times in the National Intelligencer before the above mentioned day. By order of the honorable Wm. Cranch, Chief Judge of the Circuit Court of the District of Columbia. WM BRENT, Clk. District of Columbia, Washington County, to wit: ON the petition of HENRY HARSHMAN, an insolvent debtor confined in the prison of Washington county aforesaid, for debt. Notice is hereby given to the creditors of the said Henry Harshman, that on the 15th instant, at the hour of nine o'clock, A. M. at the Court Room in Long's Hotel, in the City of Washington the oath prescribed by the act of Congress, entitled, "An Act for the relief of insolvent debtors within the District of Columbia," will be administered to the said Henry Harshman, and a trustee appointed, unless sufficient cause be then and there shown to the contrary. Ordered that this notice be published in the National Intelligencer three times before said day. By order of the honorable Wm. Cranch Esq. Chief Judge of the circuit court of the district of Columbia. WM BRENT, Clk. May 8-3t
THIS DAY IS PUBLISHED, By Joseph Miligan, George Town. Price 57 1/2 cents. THE CHILD OF FEELING, A Comedy in five Acts. BY GEORGE WATTERSTON Esq. IT may also be had of R. C. Weightman and D. Rapine, Washington City; of R. Gray and Jas. Kennedy, Alexandria, and of the principal Booksellers throughout the Union. FOR SALE, AT PUBLIC AUCTION, On the premises on the twelfth day of May, 1809, at one o'clock, P. M. A TWO STORY BRICK DWELLING HOUSE, On Square, numbered 905 in the city of Washington, opposite to Mr. DRUMMOND'S TAVERN, near the Navy Yard— THE LOT is on a rent of One Dollar a front foot. The terms of sale will be made known on the day of sale, by THOMAS YOUNG. May 8-3t
RESPECTFULLY informs the gentlemen of the district of Columbia and Public in general, that he has received by a late arrival from Philadelphia, a Choice Assortment of superior Cloths, Cassimeres, single and double milled, superior Coating, black silk Florentines. Likewise an elegant assortment of Spencees & rich silk Molekins for Waistcoats with a variety of other articles suitable for the season. Regimentals and Navy Uniforms made in the most elegant and uniform style of fashion. Richard Horwell's celebrated PATENT PARALLEL SUSPENDERS far superior to any hitherto in use can be had on the same terms retail, as at his Manufactory. November 27-4f
UPWARDS of four thousand Raccoon Skins, from the Lakes, will be sold at Public Auction, in lots to suit purchasers, at this office, on Wednesday the 17th May next, at 12 o'clock. For sums not exceeding Two Hundred Dollars cash must be paid. For sums exceeding that amount, notes with approved indorsers at ninety days will be taken. J. MASON, sup't. Indian Trade Office, Georgetown, April 20th, 1809.
PURSUANT to a decretal order of the Chancery District Court of Williamsburg, will be offered for sale, on the 4th Monday in May next, at Westmoreland Court House, being court day, that very valuable FARM, situated on Nomony river, in the county of Westmoreland, the property of JOHN MATTHEWS, late of said county, containing 643 Acres. A credit of twelve months will be given, the purchaser executing to the commissioners acting under the aforesaid order, bond with approved security, and a deed of trust on the land to secure the payment of the purchase money according to the terms of the decree. April 14-1s
FOR SALE AT PUBLIC AUCTION, On the Premises on the 15th day of June next, at 10 o'clock in the forenoon, LOTS No. 16 and 17, in Sq. No. 161 in the city of Washington, together with the Buildings thereon standing. Said property is directly opposite Mr. Wm. O'Neale's houses near the West Market, and is most advantageously situated, it being the estate formerly owned by Mr. Samuel Wilson, deceased. The terms of payment are one fourth cash in hand, the remainder divided into three equal annual payments with interest annually on these three payments which are to be secured by good notes negotiable at the Bank and a mortgage on the property. Also at the same time and place, Two SHARES in the Theatre. April 17-4ds
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN. THAT Application will be made for the renewal of the following LOST Certificates, of the United States Light per Cent Stock, issued by Joseph Novar, Register of the Treasury, in favor of John Brown: viz. 7th Oct. 1800, No. 2, for $ 4000 8th Aug. 1801, 11, 400 13, 100 George Town, Dist. of Columbia JOHN BARNES. May 8-6w.
PUBLIC SALE. William Lorman, against Peggy M c Laughlin and the heirs of Charles M c Laughlin, deceased. BY virtue of a decree of the Circuit Court of the district of Columbia for the county of Washington as a court of Chancery in this cause, dated the 12th April, 1809, will be Sold at Public Auction on the 30th day of May next, at the Union Tavern at 11 o'clock A. M. all the interest of Charles M c Laughlin, deceased, of, in and to LOT No. 171 in Thomas Beall of George addition to Georgetown, with the improvements thereon, and that part of LOT No. 175 in said addition, conveyed by D. C. Brent, esq. as marshal, to Charles M c Laughlin and not sold with the Union Tavern. The terms of sale are, the purchaser to give bond to the Trustee with approved security for the purchase money and interest thereon from the day of sale, and payable in two months from the said sale. NOTICE is hereby given to the creditors to file in the said court, their claims against the said Charles M c Laughlin, deceased, properly authenticated within ten days from the said day of Sale. DANIEL BUSSARD, Trustee. May 3-3w
DR. ROBERT FRENCH RESPECTFULLY informs the public that he has commenced the practice of PHYSIC and SURGERY in Georgetown and its vicinity. He keeps his shop in the House lately occupied by Dr. John Weems, deceased. May 3-4f
WILL BE SOLD BY AUCTION, on the 20th day of May ensuing, at 1 o'clock A. M. at Drummond's Tavern, LOT numbered 1, in square numbered 949. The lot is advantageously situated near the Marine Barracks. The terms of sale one half cash, and a note well endorsed for the balance payable in sixty days. An indisputable title will be made. SAMUEL SPEAKE, Auctioneer. May 10-4ds
WASHINGTON CANAL. THE Commissioners appointed under the act of Congress for opening the Canal in the city of Washington, hereby give notice that a BOOK for receiving and entering Subscriptions for raising a Capitol Stock for the purpose of opening said Canal will be opened on Thursday the 23th day of May next, at Long's hotel in the city of Washington, and kept open from Ten o'clock A. M. till Three o'clock P. M. Daniel Carroll of Indn. George Blagden, Griffith Coombe, Frederick May, James D. Barry, John Lox, Elias B. Caldwell, Commissioners. Washington April 21—WM21
FORM OF A POWER TO SUBSCRIBE. I do hereby authorise and empower to subscribe for me in my name for shares in the Washington Canal Company. Witness my hand and seal this day. Witness, SPINNING & WEAVING.
JOHN GEORGE BAXTER, OFFERS for SALE his "Improved Patent Family Machine," with six Spindles, for spinning Flax or Hemp Yarn, from six dozen cuts in the pound, to six pounds in the dozen. The simplicity of the construction of this Machine is such, that competent judges have declared it as "little likely to go out of order or require repair as any machine they have seen." Another important advantage of this simplicity of construction is, that Yarn of any fineness may be spun on it by any person having strength and skill sufficient to turn a Coffee Mill or a Grinding Stone. Its superiority over the ordinary family modes of Spinning is not, however confined to the advantages of not requiring repair, or of being capable of being worked by any unskilled hand, but principally in the quantity of work which it is able to execute. This fact is incontrovertibly established by the deposition of Charlotte Mills, aged 13 years who has sworn "that on the 7th day of this month between the hours of 7 o'clock in the morning and 9 in the evening, she spun nine dozen of Flax Yarn, on six spindles, for coarse cloth." The Machines will all be warranted. The price SIXTY DOLLARS, payable on the delivery of the Machine. J. G. Baxter, makes Six Spindle Machines on the same principle for Spinning Cotton and Wool. J. G. B. also makes LOOMS on an improved plan with harness, steel reeds and shuttle for weaving Linen or Hempen cloth of any fineness. Some idea of the superiority of these Looms may be formed on a knowledge of the fact that one of them "Helen Elliott, did actually weave six pieces of Cotton Bugging, containing between three hundred and sixty and seventy yards in the course of one week." Those who contemplate the establishment of Baxter's Machinery for Spinning and Weaving shall have his good offices toward procuring them a woman from his own Manufactory well acquainted with the business. An experience of 30 years in the manufacturing of Flax and Hemp and a considerable experience in Cotton, enables J. G. Baxter confidently to offer his services for the erection of any machinery connected with those articles, from one to any number of Spindles and to be worked by any known power. The Machinery may be seen at work, and its principles explained at the Spinning and Weaving Manufactory, Blockley township, Philadelphia county, at which place, at the counting-house of Mr. Henry Orth, or at the Office of the Democratic Press, orders will be received. The Certificates and Depositions above mentioned are left at the office of the Democratic Press. Philadelphia, March 11, 1809.
* The Editors papers friendly to the encouragement of our own Manufactures will do a public service by giving the above a few insertions. See the certificate of Mr. John Meer and Mr. Patrick Lyon. See the deposition of Helen Elliott. The Editor of the Richmond Enquirer is requested to publish the above advertisement for three months—and the Editor of the National Intelligencer once a week for three months, and forward their bills for payment to Philadelphia. April 28—w3m
SUBSCRIPTION DINNER. A Subscription Dinner, on the 13th May, on the BARBACUED PRIZE LAMB, will be furnished at Sebastian Springs. Those gentlemen of Alexandria and its vicinity, desirous to attend, will find a subscription paper at Mr. Caton's City Hotel, and those of the city of Washington, Georgetown and its vicinity, will find one at Long's Hotel. Dinner will be on the table precisely at 3 o'clock. No subscription will be taken after the 10th. May 8-3t
WAS committed to the jail of Frederic county, Maryland, on the 15th day of February last, a negro man, who calls himself Phil Blake—he is about 5 feet 6 inches high, stout made—he appears to be about 23 or 24 years of age—he has a small scar near his left eye, occasioned, as he says, by a stroke from his master—his back denotes him to have been severely whipped in his time—his clothing when committed, were as follows:—a drab colored great coat, a dark brown round-about, a swansdown waistcoat, old pantaloons, shoes and stockings, all much worn, a good wool hat, and wears his hair platted over his forehead—he says he belongs to Dr. Wm. P. Matthews, on Elk Ridge, within 5 miles of Elk Ridge landing. The owner is hereby requested to come and release him, otherwise he will be sold for his prison fees according to law. GEORGE CREAGER, Sh. Fr. Cy. March 20—w8t
THE Editor of the National Intelligencer, Washington city; Evening Post, at Baltimore; and Republican Star, at Easton, are requested to insert the above once a week for eight weeks each.
10,000 DOLLARS, MAY BE GAINED FOR 1-2 DOLLARS!! In the Third Class of the Lottery authorised by law for removing obstructions in the RIVER LEHIGH, IN PENNSYLVANIA.
SCHEME. 2 prizes of $10,000 each 20,000 2 5,000 10,000 2 2,500 5,000 3 1,000 3,000 6 500 3,000 15 200 3,000 30 100 3,000 60 50 3,000 150 20 3,000 300 10 3,000 13,800 5 69,000 35,630 not 1-2 blanks to a prize.
To draw 500 tickets each day at the State House in Philadelphia, and the prizes to be paid by Thomas Atibone, esq. the treasurer of that city, 30 days after the conclusion of the drawing, subject to a deduction of 15 per cent. Prizes not demanded in twelve months after the close of the drawing, to be considered as relinquished to the Lottery. Part of the above prizes determinable as follows:
The 1st drawn ticket on the 1st, 5th, 10th, 15th, 20th, 25th, 30th, 35th, 40th, 45th, 50th, and 55th, days $200 each. do. on the 60th, 65th, 70th & 75th do. 500 do. do. on the 80th and 85th day do. 1000 do. do. 90th do. 2500 do. do. 95th do. 5000 do. do. 100th do. 10000 do.
The two $10,000 prizes to receive each in part payment 25 shares of the Lehigh Stock, at 100 dollars each, The two 5000 dollars 10 shares. The two 2500 do. 5 do. Societies, associations, and individuals purchasing not less than 50 tickets will be allowed to pay for them by instalments much to their interest. Letters post paid, and enclosing the cash, will be duly attended to, and prizes of Lotteries in the cities of Philadelphia, and New York, will be received in payment, by GEORGE TAYLOR, Jun. No. 85, South Second street, Philadelphia. and JOHN DAVIDSON, Washington city, December 12—wif
PROPOSALS For carrying the MAIL of the United States on the following post roads, will be received at the GENERAL POST OFFICE, in Washington City, until the tenth day of June next, inclusive. IN MAINE. 1. From Soodie falls by Soodie, Dennysville, Machias, Jones, Addison, Harrington, Steuben, Gouldsboro', and Sullivan, to Trenton, once a week. Leave Soodie falls every Wednesday at 6 A. M. arrive at Dennysville by noon. Leave Dennysville at 1 P. M. and arrive at Sullivan the next Saturday by 10 A. M.—Returning—Leave Sullivan every Saturday at 2 P. M. arrive at Dennysville on Tuesday by noon. Leave Dennysville at 1 P. M. and arrive at Soodie falls by 8 P. M. 2. From Dennysville to Eastport once a week. Leave Dennysville every Tuesday noon, & arrive at Eastport at 3 P. M. Leave Eastport every Wednesday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Dennysville by 11 A. M. 3. From Trenton, by Bluehill, Castine, Bucksport, Prospect, Belfast and Ducktrap, to Camden, Thomastown, Warren, Waldoboro', Nobleboro', and New-Castle, to Wiscasset, once a week from Trenton to Castine, and twice from thence to Wiscasset. Leave Trenton every Saturday at 2 P. M. and arrive at Castine by 8 P. M. Leave Castine every Sunday and Tuesday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Wiscasset on Tuesday and Thursday by 8 P. M. Leave Wiscasset every Wednesday and Friday at 4 A. M. and arrive at Castine on Friday and Sunday by 8 P. M. and arrive at Trenton on Saturday by 11 A. M. 4. From Bucksport, by Frankfort, Hampden, Bangor, Eddington and Ormington, to Bucksport, once a week. Leave Bucksport every Saturday at 4 A. M. and arrive at Eddington on Monday by 4 P. M. Leave Eddington every Tuesday at 4 A. M. and arrive at Bucksport by 8 P. M. 5. From Wiscasset, by New Milford, Gardner and Hallowell, to Augusta, once a week. Leave Wiscasset every Friday at 4 A. M. and arrive at Augusta by 7 P. M. Leave Augusta every Thursday at 4 A. M. and arrive at Wiscasset by 7 P. M. 6. From Portland, by Falmouth, Gray, New Gloucester, Lewistown, Green, Monmouth and Winthrop, to Augusta, once a week. Leave Portland every Monday at 8 A. M. and arrive at Augusta on Tuesday by 6 P. M. Leave Augusta every Saturday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Portland on Sunday by 6 P. M.
7. From Hallowell, by Augusta, Vassalboro', Winslow, Waterville, Fairfield and Canaan, to Norridgewock, once a week. Leave Hallowell every Saturday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Norridgewock on Sunday by 6 P. M. Leave Norridgewock every Monday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Hallowell on Tuesday by noon. 8. From Vassalboro', by Fairfax, Unity and Colledgetown, to Hamden, once a week. Leave Vassalboro' every Monday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Hamden on Tuesday by 10 A. M. Leave Hamden every Tuesday at 2 P. M. and arrive at Vassalboro' on Wednesday by 6 P. M. 9. From Hallowell, by Augusta, Mount Vernon, Unity, Sharon, Farmington, Chester, Readfield and Augusta, to Hallowell, once a week. Leave Hallowell every Saturday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Farmington on Monday by 10 A. M. Leave Farmington every Monday at 2 P. M. and arrive at Hallowell on Tuesday by 6 P. M. 10. From Wiscasset, by Bath, Brunswick, North Yarmouth and Falmouth, to Portland, three times a week. Leave Wiscasset every Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 4 A. M. and arrive at Portland by 6 P. M. Leave Portland every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday at 7 A. M. and arrive at Wiscasset by 6 P. M. 11. From New Milford, by Ballstown, Palermo and Davidstown, to Belfast, once a week. Leave New Milford every Friday at noon, and arrive at Belfast on Saturday by 6 P. M. Leave Belfast every Sunday at 6 A. M. and arrive at New Milford on Monday by 6 P. M. 12. From Brunswick, by Boudoin, Litchfield and Hallowell, to Augusta, once a week. Leave Brunswick every Tuesday noon, & arrive at Augusta by 7 P. M. Leave Augusta on Wednesday at 4 A. M. and arrive at Brunswick by noon. 13. From Portland, by Windham, Bridgetown, Waterford, Paris, Buckfield, Livermore, Turner, Norway and Poland, to Portland, once a week. Leave Portland every Tuesday at 8 A. M. and arrive at Turner on Thursday by 10 A. M. Leave Turner every Saturday at 6 P. M. and arrive at Portland the next Monday by 4 P. M. 14. From Portland, by Saccarappeco, Gorham, Standish, Plimpton, Hiram and Brownfield, to Fryeburg once a week. Leave Portland every Monday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Fryeburg by 10 A. M.—Returning—Leave Fryeburg every Tuesday at 2 P. M. and arrive at Portland on Wednesday by 6 P. M. 15. From Portland, by Gorham, Buckstown, Limerick, Limington, Parsonsfield, Newfield, Shapleigh, Lebanon, Doughty's Falls, Sanford, Alfred and Waterboro', to Portland, once a week. Leave Portland every Monday at 11 A. M. and arrive at Doughty's falls on Wednesday by 6 P. M. Leave Doughty's falls on Thursday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Portland the next Monday by 8 A. M. 16. From Wiscasset to Booth-Bay, once a week. Leave Booth-Bay every Wednesday at 7 A. M. and arrive at Wiscasset by 11 A. M. Leave Wiscasset at 1 P. M. and arrive at Booth Bay by 5 P. M. IN NEW HAMPSHIRE. 17. From Portsmouth, by Dover, Rochester, Middletown, Ossipee, Moultonboro' Centerharbor and Plymouth to Haverhill and Newbury, Vt. and from Newbury, by Haverhill, Plymouth, New Hampshire, Meredith, Gilmanton, Nottingham and Durham, to Portsmouth, once a week. Leave Portsmouth every Tuesday at 2 P. M. and arrive at Plymouth on Thursday by 7 P. M. Leave Plymouth on Friday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Haverhill on Friday by 5 P. M. and at Newbury by 7 P. M.—Returning—Leave Newbury every Saturday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Plymouth by 6 P. M. Leave Plymouth at 7 P. M. and arrive at Portsmouth on Tuesday by 10 A. M. 18. From Fryeburg in Maine, by Conway, Bartlett, Rosebrooks and Johnson to Lancaster once in two weeks. Leave Fryeburg every other Tuesday at 1 P. M. and arrive at Lancaster on Wednesday by 6 P. M. Leave Lancaster every other Monday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Fryeburg on Tuesday by 10 A. M. 19. From Exeter, by Epping, Nottingham, Epsom, Pembroke, Concord, Salisbury, Grafton, Lebanon and Pelham, to Hanover, once a week. Leave Exeter every Tuesday at 9 A. M. & arrive at Concord by 10 A. M. on Wednesday. Leave Concord at 11 A. M. & arrive at Salisbury by 3 P. M. Leave Salisbury at 4 P. M. and arrive at Hanover on Friday by 8 A. M.—Returning—Leave Hanover every Friday at 1 P. M. & arrive at Concord on Saturday by 2 P. M. Leave Concord at 3 P. M. and arrive at Exeter on Monday by 3 P. M. 20. From Exeter, by Newmarket and Durham, to Dover, once a week. Leave Exeter every Tuesday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Dover by 11 A. M. Leave Dover at 1 P. M. and arrive at Exeter by 7 P. M. the same day. 21. From Haverhill, Ms. by Chester and Pembroke, to Concord, twice a week. Leave Concord every Wednesday and Saturday at 5 A. M. and arrive at Haverhill by 11 A. M. Leave Haverhill every Tuesday and Friday at 1 P. M. and arrive at Concord by 7 P. M. 22. From Portsmouth, by Exeter, Kingston, Haverhill, Andover, Wilmington, Woburn, Medford and Charlestown, to Boston, three times a week. Leave Portsmouth every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday at 3 A. M. and arrive at Exeter by half past 7 A. M. Leave Exeter at 8 A. M. and arrive at Boston by 7 P. M.—Returning—Leave Boston every Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 5 A. M. and arrive at Exeter by half past 3 P. M. Leave Exeter at 4 P. M. and arrive at Portsmouth by 7 P. M. 23. From Exeter, by Chester, Londonderry, Merrimack, Amherst, Petersboro', Marlboro', Keene & Chesterfield, to Brattleboro', once a week. Leave Exeter every Tuesday at 8 A. M. arrive at Amherst on Wednesday evening, and at Keene on Thursday by 3 P. M. Leave Keene at 4 P. M. and arrive at Brattleboro', on Friday by 6 P. M.—Returning—Leave Brattleboro' every Saturday at 4 A. M. and arrive at Keene by 9 A. M. Leave Keene at 10 A. M. and arrive at Exeter the next Monday by 3 P. M. 24. From Salisbury, by Andover, New Hampshire and Bridgewater to Plymouth, and thence by Holderness, New Hampshire and Sanbornton, to Salisbury, once a week, and the reverse the next week. Leave Salisbury every Thursday at 6 A. M. and arrive at Plymouth by 6 P. M. Leave Plymouth Friday 6 A. M. and arrive at Salisbury by 6 P. M. 25. From Haverhill, by Bath, Littleton, Dalton, Lancaster, Guildhall, Lunenburg and Concord, to Littleton, thence by Bath, to Haver