The national intelligencer and Washington advertiser. (Washington City [D.C.]), 1804-07-16 00:00:00

NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER, AND WASHINGTON ADVERTISER.
Vol. IV.
WASHINGTON CITY, PRINTED BY SAMUEL HARRISON SMITH, PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE.
No. DLXXXIX.
FIVE DOLLS. PER ANN.
MONDAY, JULY 16th, 1804.
PAID IN ADVANCE.
IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT.
HOUSE OF COMMONS.
Monday, April 23.
Motion on the Defence of the NATION.
[Mr. PITT's Speech Concluded.]
Our great naval arsenals, and those places which are most contiguous to our principal maritime doctrines, ought of course to be the first object of government, in settling the relative proportion of volunteers, which the several districts should be allowed to furnish—allowed I call it, for it was at the discretion of government to accept the services of many corps which they rejected, and generally without any reference to the consideration of local defence which I have mentioned. When they thought proper to limit the volunteers to six times the number of the militia, and for what reason I cannot divine, they had put Staffordshire and Derbyshire quite on a par with the maritime countries; no distinction was made in favour of those districts which lie most convenient to the enemy's coast, and which are most likely to be the first points of attack.—Can any man say that there was any thing like policy in such an arrangement, or that indeed there is to be found in any part of the structure or execution of the volunteer system, so far as Ministers are concerned, that which can deserve the character of discretion, or the approval of a statesman? There was, in fact, no part of the conduct pursued by Government towards the volunteers which did not form some ground for complaint, which did not offer some evidence of wavering and inconsistency. The House witnessed the part they took at the close of the last session, when an hon. gentleman on the other side (Mr. Sheridan) undertook to panegyric the zeal and gallantry of the volunteers. When that hon. gentleman, two days before the session closed, thought proper, and, in the opinion of many intelligent respectable members, very prematurely, to move a vote of thanks to the volunteers, he stated that such vote was not only a just acknowledgment for the patriotism, they, who were then embodied had manifested, but that it would operate to encourage further voluntary offers of service.—Ministers applauded warmly the motion of the hon. gentleman, but how did they afterwards act? The hon. gentleman moved at the same time that there should be laid before the House, at its meeting after the recess, a list of such new corps as should volunteer; but there was another list which the hon. gentleman neglected to move for, namely, of all the corps which should be reduced or rejected in the same interval (a laugh). Had the hon. gentleman done so, he would have seen what use had been made of his motion, for the first step taken by ministers almost immediately after its adoption was to suspend the progress of that voluntary zeal which the hon. gentleman, in common with every man who valued the character and safety of the country, so much admired. Ministers determined at once, that the Volunteers should not be increased any further, but that, on the contrary, their numbers should be diminished. The notice of this determination was speedily circulated among the volunteers, accompanied by the hon. gentleman's vote of thanks. Thus the volunteers were complimented for that which government at the same time told them they did not wish for, they would not accept. There is a word in French, REMERCIER, which literally implies returning thanks for proffered services, which it is not intended to accept, and this word has close analogy to the conduct of ministers in the communication of the motion of thanks, which they agreed in, in company with the resolution which I have already mentioned. In regard to the enrolment of volunteer corps, so far as such enrolment is connected with the provisions of the defence act, I must again repeat the complaint I have often made, of the total remission of government to execute the powers vested in it by that act, and any difficulties that have arisen in the progress of the ballot, I do conceive to be attributable to the non-exercise of the power I have referred to. As to the refusal of adequate pecuniary military aid to the volunteers, I must observe, that it is amongst the most culpable and inconsistent part of the conduct of ministers. Without going minutely into the consequences of such conduct, which it would be more convenient to detail in
the proposed committee, I have, only at present to remark, that whatever difference of opinion may exist between my hon. friend on the lower bench (Mr. Windham) and me, with respect to the volunteers, and the practicability of rendering them perfect in military discipline, there can be no difference between us as to this point, that they ought to be furnished with the best instruction that is attainable, and both he and I have a right to complain of ministers in not following up their own principle, by giving the necessary aid, to promote the improvement of the volunteers. My hon. friend has always maintained that the volunteers cannot be rendered equal to, or fit to act with regular troops; but ministers have uniformly resisted this opinion. Why then have they not provided adequately for the execution of their own ideas? No, they have only allowed pay for 20 days in a year, although in the opinion of all military men, no new raised regiment of the regular army, with all the advantages of subordination, martial law, &c. could be disciplined fit for service in less than six weeks or 2 months. Will any man say that so short a period should be deemed sufficient for the discipline of the volunteers? But I shall be told probably that it was expected the volunteers would, independently of the 20 days, attend to drill on every Sunday. If they were, I should maintain, that, Sundays included, the time was not sufficient to instruct them, and should not be relied on in the existing circumstances of the country, when we were daily menaced with invasion, that invasion which ministers have been perpetually telling us was daily to be expected since the middle of last summer.—Notwithstanding this apprehension, such has been the behaviour of ministers, that I much fear if the enemy should not attack us until even the middle of next summer, he would find the volunteers very imperfectly disciplined. I cannot help expressing my surprise that ministers should have even seriously calculated upon the probability that the labouring classes, of whom so many of the volunteers consist, would be so prompt to devote the only day they have for recreation and repose to the study of military discipline. It certainly did not betray any policy of consideration so to calculate; but even supposing they were so to assemble, and also to attend the twenty days, how were they to attain the instruction desired from the present mode, & from that which has prevailed uniformly? I suggested to ministers a plan of instruction, which I was told should be considered; but as they have never yet acted upon it, nor appear at all to consider it, their promise of consideration upon this, as well as upon other points, reminds me of a practice in the Legislative Assembly of a neighbouring nation (the United States of Holland,) in which, when it was determined to get rid of a question, the resolution was ad referendum , which meant to take no more notice of it. The nature of the project I thought it my duty to recommend to Ministers, related particularly to that which I have often mentioned in this House. For the advancement of the discipline of the volunteers, the necessity of appointing Adjutants to a certain number of men. This has been in part acceded to, but in what manner? An Adjutant is appointed to such corps only as amount to 400 men, & to them only in case they exercise 80 days in the year, although the men are allowed pay but for 20 days. Where, I would put it to the common sense of any man, can be found a stronger instance of weakness and inconsistency than this order furnishes? No provision is made for the pay of the Adjutant unless the corps exercise 80 days, for one fourth of which only the men are made any allowance. Is not this alone enough to expose the mind of ministers; to show their unacquaintance with the means of executing their own purposes? Indeed, I am perfectly convinced of their want of vigour; every circumstance serves to show it, and I have therefore the strongest conviction upon my mind that they are incapable of acting upon any thing like system, of adopting or executing well digested or energetic plans for the defence of the country. I do not of course place any hope on their exertions, and, therefore, concur in the propriety of the proposed committee, where every question connected with our security may be fully investigated. One reason I recollect, for so tardily adopting the plan for the appointment of Adjutants was, the difficulty of procuring Officers from the line to fill those stations. I recommended that Serjeant Majors should be chosen; but to this I was told that Serjeant Majors could not be persuaded to
give up their situations for such Adjancies, unless they were allowed half pay. I saw no good reason for declining to make this allowance, and I therefore, advised it in December last. I was promised that the subject would be taken into consideration. I afterwards applied in March to know the result of the consideration, but I was told that no decision was made, and I understand it is undecided still, while the discipline of the volunteers does and has for months back so imperatively called for an immediate decision respecting it, although this was one of the defects in the volunteer system which government promised to cure. When before last Christmas an application was made to Ministers with regard to the confusion which prevailed among the volunteers, the gentlemen who applied were desired to wait until after the Christmas recess, when a digested plan would be brought forward by ministers which should remove and prevent the recurrence of the evils complained of and communicate to the volunteer system all the perfection of which it was susceptible. This digested plan has been laid before the house, and at length made its way, after various alterations through it.
Those alterations were added to the House of Lords; and now it is returned to us, there is scarcely one feature remaining of the original measure—of the well digested plan of ministers. The suggestion made to them by others, they reluctantly adopted, and the object of those suggestions they in some instances have almost defeated, as in the case of inviting the volunteers to permanent duty, and applying the guinea proposed to be given them as bounty, which is to be distributed in such a way as to hold out no inducement to the men or benefit to their families. Ministers have been equally injudicious in every other project of defence, from the army of reserve to the enrolment of classes under the General Defence Act—an act which I had the honor of a large share in suggesting, and I lament much that ministers did not adopt it at a more early period; but the fact is, that so far from ministers having spontaneously taken any vigorous proceeding for the defence of the country since the commencement of the war, I state broadly that no part of the measures for the increase of our military establishment has originated with them, (a cry of hear! hear! in which the Chancellor of the Exchequer joined)—Mr. Pitt proceeded. If, said he, the right hon. gentleman means to deny my assertion, I shall appeal to the recollection of the House, whether in June last, when the army estimates were under discussion, I did not ask the right hon. Secretary at War, (Mr. Bragge) after he had finished his statement—I did not ask if what he had mentioned comprehended all the provision that ministers meant to make for the defence of the country? To this I was answered in the affirmative; and I accordingly gave notice of my intention to submit a measure founded on the same principle with that of the army of reserve. Any benefit that may have resulted from that measure, is not, I assert, attributable to ministers, who were quite at a loss what course to take—who knew not, in fact, what measures were applicable to the dangers of the country. I will not dwell on the execution of the army of reserve act, as I shall go into that subject very fully on Wednesday next, and if I should not then have the good fortune of persuading the House to accede to the proposition which I would wish to have ingrafted on the army of reserve bill, in order to provide a constant and regular supply of recruits for our regular army, I shall feel an advantage in the existence of such a committee as the motion before the House proposes to establish, as I may thus have an opportunity of again pressing the project upon the consideration of the House—a project which, if I am able to demonstrate its practicability for great objects in view, I am sure that every man will feel it to be desirable, and all will be ready to give it their concurrence. If I can show that even a small increase can be derived from this project to our regular army, it is impossible to doubt, that any will refuse his support. The mode proposed by ministers to raise an addition to the regular army, to supply the suspension of the army of reserve, I confess I cannot understand. They have not stated any inducement to men to enlist beyond eight guineas bounty, and how they can procure them for such a sum, while thirty guineas and more are given for militia substitutes, it is difficult to imagine; unless the intention be, that which no one has yet avowed, because
all have been unanimous in condemning the practice, viz. that of raising men for rank. It may be said that this practice has prevailed when I was in power, but then the experience of that practice, afforded a complete warning against it. I am quite ready to declare, that I am sorry for the share I had in that measure, and experience convinces me, that it ought never again to be resorted to. Other gentlemen have appeared, and professed to be equally adverse to that measure, and their minds must be of a strange character, if what they have observed is not sufficient to dissuade them from it. Nothing can be more absurd than to suppose, that if they persisted in the old and scandalous practice of crimping, all its attendant frauds and impositions will not return; and it is equally absurd to fancy, that only eight guineas bounty will be given—Why not let the army of reserve go on along with this new plan, whatever it may be? If officers are to run a race together for rank, as I understand they are, for, although the intention is not avowed in this House by ministers, applications are known to be made to and by several officers: why take away the completion of the army of reserve.
I cannot conceive any thing more irrational. When a new mode of raising recruits for the regular army is proposed it naturally brings to my mind an opinion which is much disputed and upon which, because it is so disputed by some great military authorities, I cannot presume to pronounce a decided sentiment, I mean the propriety of raising men for limited service in print, although I certainly should think it the more eligible policy, and best calculated to render the army respectable and efficient.—However military objections as to the difficulty, if such a system existed, of supplying our foreign stations, must be overcome before the system be attempted. As to the plan for bringing the Irish militia over here, I do not approve of it under existing circumstances. No argument can be drawn in favour of such a plan at present, from a precedent which occurred in quite a different situation of things. With respect to the interchange of the militia of the two countries, there are many physical objections to it that would render it a measure very disagreeable to the officers connected with both militias; and here I must notice a rumour which has gone abroad, that applications have been lately made to the privates of the West Kent militia, without the knowledge of their officers, to volunteer their services for Ireland; this practice deserves to be strongly reprobated. What, to try to prevail on men to quit their own coast within half a day's sail of the enemy, to proceed to the distance of Ireland. The hon. mover of the proposition under debate has alluded in the course of his speech to the power which in my opinion belongs to the Crown, to call out the population of the country in the event of an invasion, as expressed in the preamble to the General Defence Act, I perceive, that the hon. gentleman's sentiment differs from mine. I do not mean to discuss this subject at present; but I must observe, that nothing appears clearer to me than this proposition, that the state has a right to call on the people to defend it, and that in the Crown, being the depositary of the power of the state, is vested the right of so calling out the people upon a great emergency. This right I think, I could show from a series of precedents, to be recognized by the constitution and custom of this country; that it is a right inherent in the Crown to exercise this power according to the necessity of such case as may arise, and to be limited by that necessity. The Crown, it must be admitted, possesses the power of putting any district of the kingdom under martial law, in case of invasion; subject, however, to that responsibility to which ministers would be liable for the abuse of any such power. The right hon. gentleman took a view of the proposition of the hon. mover, respecting an armed peasantry. Of this measure he approved, but not universally. If it were adopted in some counties on the coast, such as Kent, Sussex, Essex, Suffolk, Devonshire, part of Yorkshire, and other places, which might be considered in the proposed committee, he thought it would be unnecessary to resort to it in the inland counties. It was remarkable, he observed, that no orders had yet been sent to the Lords Lieutenants of the different counties, to make out the classification or enrolment of the several males capable of bearing arms in their respective districts. This furnished another instance of the neglect of ministers. After recapitulating the different
grounds of his objections to ministers, the right hon. gentleman took notice of the state of the navy, in which he observed the very gun-boats which he recommended on a former occasion, were now building with all possible despatch, although when he recommended them he was condemned to suffer some obloquy and even ridicule, which officers were brought from distant commands to assist in promoting. (A cry of hear! hear! from the opposition benches.)—He proceeded to comment on the neglect of the fortifications so often pointed out as necessary on particular parts of the coast, when the expenditure of a few thousand pounds might prevent the employment and live the lives of many thousand men. In alluding to the neglect he did not wish to be understood as at all laying any thing of the commander in chief or the master-general of the ordnance. He desired to speak only of the cabinet. With them rested the responsibility—to them attached the duty of providing for every part of the public defence. In conclusion, the right hon. gentleman stated that, judging of ministers from what they had done and what they had omitted to do—from their slowness to adopt and their incapacity to act upon any vigorous plan for the public defence—from the very long consideration they required upon even the most trivial topics, and the very crude and ill-digested measures they, notwithstanding, uniformly brought forward—from all those considerations, he felt himself urged by a strong sense of duty to the House, his country and his sovereign, to vote for the appointment of a committee to consider of devising some efficient means for our protection, and for the security of all that a great nation could hold to be valuable. The opinion he gave on this occasion he wished to be quite undisguised, and trusted that it was not likely to be considered, as lightly taken up, but rather that the reasons he had stated were amply sufficient to sustain and justify it.
The Chancellor of the Exchequer explained, and stated, that he had not said, as imputed to him by the right honorable gentleman who had just laid down, that it was not within the power of parliament to institute such a committee as was proposed. It must be in the recollection of the House, that he admitted the competence of parliament, although he doubted its inclination to appoint such a committee.
Mr. Secretary YORKE said, that it was not his intention to follow the right hon. gentleman through his extremely long, brilliant and powerful speech. Though many arguments and facts had been urged by the right hon. gentleman which went to infer a culpable conduct on the part of ministers, of which, if guilty, he was ready to admit the right hon. gentleman would have abundant reason for making them the subject of a criminal charge against them, he could not allow that they fell properly to be discussed under the present motion. The motion of the hon. gentleman was for a committee of the House of a two-fold nature. First, it embraced the consideration of the acts already in force for the defence of the country; and in the second place, it called on the House to adopt such other means as it might judge proper, with a view to render the system of defence complete. How is it possible to go into a consideration of the latter object, without calling before the House all the military and naval officers in the service—without calling for all the plans of operation, and for all the discussions which had taken place relative to the modes of defence to be adopted, so as to enable them to form a reasonable judgment on the subject? He did say that they might not have reason to go into the committee, but he was convinced that at present such a committee would be extremely inconvenient, and should not be gone into unless on strong grounds. Now, what were the grounds? There was no thing in our situation so melancholy—nothing in the want of defence of the country which could warrant such a step. The necessity of the measure must therefore originate in some great neglect of ministers—some discontent in the country—something in the measures of government to incongruous, as to require investigation. Had any misfortune, however occurred? Had any advantage been gained by the enemy in consequence of our want of defence?—Certainly not.—That part of the subject, therefore, he should dismiss.—Did then any discontent exist in any part of the country? If so, he should be glad to hear it stated. He knew that some discontent did exist in that House,

But he was confident it operated no farther. He was aware that before the measures for the defence of the country which government had adopted were resorted to, at the first alarm of an invasion, while the means of defence were not explained, some dissatisfaction had manifested itself in the distant countries. At this moment, however, nothing of the kind existed. The force in every part of the country was greater than at any former period. In Ireland it was greater than when Hoche arrived there with 15,000 men. In this country it was greater than when the British Channel was in the possession of a French fleet. The volunteers of the counties of Devon, Cornwall, and Somerset, were more effectual force for the defence of these counties at this moment than the whole force which they contained would have been in the year 1779. He was surprised that the hon. gen. had brought forward his motion in the way he had done. He had long admired that hon. gentleman's character, though not his political principles, and he thought the way in which he had brought forward the present motion was inconsistent with the manly and independent spirit which had so characterised the hon. gentleman. The right hon. gentleman who spoke last had acted with more candor. He had openly confessed his object, and had candidly declared that his old friends, the present administration, had lost that confidence which he once entertained for them; and undignifiedly professed the object which he had in view, which was to displace the present administration. The voluntary force of the country, the right hon. secretary contended, was such as had astonished all Europe. The armed peasantry, too, which had been so much recommended, might be resorted to when found necessary, under the compulsory clause in the Defence Bill, which he could not agree with the right hon. gentleman in thinking had been done away. The forces of force he did not think could be of such service in this country as has been represented; but he was happy to see the right hon. gentleman did not agree with the hon. mover in denying the King's prerogative. The secretary then went through the different Defence Bills, and supported the efficiency of each. On the subject of the navy he maintained, that the number of ships building at present was equal, if not greater than it had been at any period for the last forty years.
Mr. G. Vansittart opposed the motion, which he thought, if encouraged, would subject that House to all the ex-bals practiced in the French government. —If any acts required amending, a motion for that purpose might be made.
Sir William Pulteney said, he could point out much greater faults in other administrations than in the present. —There were others in which very gross and culpable errors had been committed.
Captain Markham defended Sir Edward Pellew from the charge of having turned Mr. Pitt's observations into ridicule. His gallant friend, he said, after being nine weeks at sea, came into port, was sent for to the admiralty upon business, and not to attend in the House of Commons, as had been intimated.
The Attorney General, in a speech of much neatness and force, replied with great energy to the separate arguments of Mr. Pitt and Mr. Fox. —After paying repeated compliments to Mr. Pitt, the right hon. gentleman concluded by requesting the House not to give their sanction to the present question, without the maturest consideration of what would be the result should that question be carried. —However bad the present administration might be, he was afraid that which, in all probability, would replace it, would be full worse, compounded as it must be of such heterogeneous materials.
Mr. Windham had heard nothing from the other side of the House that was either instructive or entertaining. The learned gentleman, however, had determined to break the silence that seemed to overspread the House, and had chanted the funeral oration of the Ministry in melodious strains:
"H. sang Darius, great and good, "Fallen, fallen, fallen, fallen, "Fallen from his high estate, "And weltering in his blood."
But he did not seem to think the cause altogether desperate; and as he proceeded,
"He burst the bands of sleep asunder, "And roused him like a rattling peal of thunder."
The hon. member then proceeded to notice the arguments of the secretary of state, and the Attorney General, more in detail; and remarking on the latter, observed, that he ought to have shown more feeling and regard to those with whom he was connected.
Mr. Tierney spoke against the motion, and Colonel Hutchinson for it. Mr. Fox rejoined. The House then divided. —Ayes 204 —Noes 256. —Majority against the motion 52. —Adjourned at 4 o'clock.
WASHINGTON CITY,
MONDAY, JULY 16, 1804
By the accounts received from different parts of the union our national anniversary appears to have been celebrated with unusual demonstrations of joy. Without meaning to draw an invidious parallel between the manner in which this day was celebrated during the period of the past, and is celebrated during that of the present administration, we may be permitted to adduce the general glow of patriotism that pervades the nation as one of the many evidences that prove the sincere devotion of the American people and of those who administer their concerns to the principles of liberty avowed in the virtuous period of seventy-six. At that day there were various political opinions embraced by different descriptions of our citizens. There was a general determination to resist the encroachment of British power; but there was not, perhaps, a majority of the nation in favor of asserting an entire independence of the parent nation. Few appear to have reflected on such an event, and the greater part of those who had, seem to have viewed it as only likely to occur at a remote point of time. It was reserved for the illustrious band of patriots, then composing the American Congress, to seize the means of future glory, instead of embracing unprofitable expedients. It is the peculiar felicity of great minds to foresee the future as well as the present, and to secure in their comprehensive plans, not only present but future interests. With minds thus expanded, the American Congress determined by the vigor of their counsels—"by striking a blow which should resound through the universe,"—to give their countrymen an object worthy of all their efforts, however great or toilsome; and which when made, should forever secure to them, if not wanting to themselves, the inestimable blessings of self-government. How completely they have succeeded, our liberties flourishing in full verdure, our resources great and expanding, our citizens virtuous and happy, our country at peace while the old world is convulsed, best attest.
Citizens of America! it is to the principles of seventy-six; it is to the pure and manly spirit of those men who then avowed them, and have ever since guarded them with an unceasing vigilance, that we are indebted, for these great blessings. And yet, strange to tell, some of these men are reproached by the malevolence of party, as the enemies of their country—those men whose voice was first heard in defence of liberty, & who have, in all succeeding vicissitudes, adhered with Spartan firmness to the great purpose of their souls. A Jefferson, he whom the gratitude of his country has called to the highest station in her gift, is stigmatised as hostile to the true principles of republican institutions, as wedded to a foreign nation. Can this be possible? Can he who drew the declaration of Independence in the year 1776; who continued in the active service of his country during the whole of the war, whom Washington gave the greatest appointment in his power, and whom the people have given the greatest in theirs, can he be wedded to a foreign nation? Whence his present glory, and all the future fame his ambition can promise him? From a foreign country? The idea is absurd! Like some men among us, he has not forfeited the national confidence; like some among us, he is not ready to reproach his countrymen for ingratitude and thence extract a libel upon republican governments. No, his greatest glory, and, surely his highest happiness, flow from the love of his fellow citizens.
We have been unintentionally drawn into an eulogium, where our only object
was to recognise a fact; and to present to the nation, as just cause of gladness the perfect harmony subsisting between the principles which guided our revolutionary councils and those which guide our present rulers. May this harmony be without end.
ABRAHAM B. VENABLE is elected President of the Bank of Virginia. This appointment occasions a vacancy in the Senate of the United States; and the appointment of W. C. Nicholas to the collectorship at Norfolk occasions another vacancy. Two new senators from Virginia will therefore be chosen by the ensuing legislature of that state.
A gentleman of science and of great information, in a letter, dated on the Mississippi, to his correspondent in the City of Washington, speaking of the country between the Red River and Missouri, says—"Salt is to be found in various forms; it may be collected crystallised on the surface of the earth, in places where the impregnated water oozes from the pores of the soil, and spreads itself slowly along the plane, exposed to the evaporating power of the sun-beams; salt springs highly saturated are common. Those two means of procuring salt are within the settlement distances up the river. But its upper branches are said to wash hills, mountains, or great masses of salt, some say very pure salt, others say debased with an admixture of terrene matter; probably both exist—nay it is not improbable that the same mountain, ridge or chain of salt extends from the sources of the Missouri to the Red River. The salt region is considered by the native Indian tribes as sacred ground, never to be polluted by blood.
"The most inveterate enemies assemble there for the purpose of collecting their provision of salt, and hold friendly or at least innocent converse together; and so deeply are they impressed with a religious or reverential awe of the Great Spirit, supposed to preside more immediately over those districts, that no example has ever been known of public or private resentment having been satiated by these savage men within the privileged limits. The Washita River, and country are supposed to offer many curious objects:
"It diverges considerably from the Red River, of which it is a branch, at about 160 leagues (by water) from its mouth it is supposed to be 200 miles from the Red River, and in this position is to be seen a curiosity a few miles from the river:
"It goes by the name of the Boiling Spring; the country is mountainous, and miles in extent are covered with crystallizations of a prismatic and paramidal form, and metallic and other mineral productions are said to be abundant, but hitherto not explored. Here is found an immense Natural Caldron, in which a vast body of water perpetually boils; a spring issues out, the water of which is literally scalding. This new bath or watering place acquires already celebrity, from supposed cures performed on invalids who have bathed in, or drank its waters. At this time two or three inhabitants of Natchez are gone to the spring in hopes of being cured of paralytic complaints.
"It is not impossible that the warm bath, with equal exercize at home, might be equally beneficial."
THE FOURTH OF JULY,
The citizens of Powhatan county and of the adjacent ones considering the Declaration of Independence by the United States the most splendid event which marks the history of our country, or even of man!—Considering the Acquisition of Louisiana the second event in dignity and importance, because it proves the compatibility of peace and firmness, and their efficacy when employed by Republicans, as well as that it adds to the Union a fertile and extensive Territory—Believing that public celebrations of those events will greatly tend to enliven and perpetuate the invaluable principles which at first produced them, they have therefore
Resolved, That a Festival be held at Powhatan Court-house, at the tavern of Samuel Marshall, the Fourth of July next, in commemoration of those two glorious epochs.
In consequence of which notice a numerous assembly of ladies and gentlemen from the county of Powhatan, and other adjacent counties, assembled at the time and place above mentioned, and after partaking of an elegant dinner, Majors Edward Mosby and Jacob Mishaw presiding as President and Vice-President, the following Toasts were drunk amidst the plaudits of the friends of Republicanism and the Jeffersonian administration.
TOASTS.
The day that rescued millions from the grasp of oppression, and which asserted to man the prerogative of his nature.
The American patriots of '76, who opposed the mighty torrent of Britain. May their sons and their son's sons never forget those deeds which raised their country from dependence and which crowned them with glory.
The Constitution of the United States. May he who attacks its principles under the pretence of defence sink into eternal oblivion.
The Acquisition of Louisiana—an event glorious to our country, not merely because it enriches us, but because it proves the compatibility of peace and firmness, and their efficacy when directed by republicans.
Thomas Jefferson, the firm patriot, the favorite of the people. May he never be biased by the influence of power; and may the shafts of envy pass by him as the idle zephyrs.
The memory of Washington. The pride and boast of America, whose sword was ever brandished in support of liberty, and whose mind was never estranged from justice.
A free Press, the guardian of rights. May the venal sycophant who would abridge its freedom, meet with the indignant frown of his country.
May the public officer who acts from prejudice and not from principle, forfeit the love and confidence of the people.
Monroe and Livingston. What they are, they pretend to be; what they pretend to do, they do. Such are the rare patriots freemen admire.
The Rights of Man. May Common Sense ever be their support.
The University of William & Mary. May it shine forth with redoubled splendor under the patronage of the government and people.
The memory of Franklin, S. Adams, and Hancock.
The Republicans of Connecticut and Massachusetts—electrified by liberty, their patriotism disdains geographical limits. May the justice of their cause bring them out in triumph.
The Inhabitants of Louisiana, our adopted brethren. May they sincerely fraternize with us in forming plans for forming plans for our mutual Lappinefs.
The Youth of America. May they remember that virtue is the basis of honor—industry the parent of greatness, and modesty the ornamental characteristic of genius.
The Fair Sex—like the women who saved Rome when Carthago thundered at her gates. May they be virtuous, generous, and patriotic.
Louisiana. The happiness of its citizens made complete under the auspices of wisdom, liberty and virtue.
From Lisbon.
Captain Merrit, arrived at Boston from Lisbon, informs, that the Portuguese government had declared war against the Moors; and that a ship of the line had sailed from Lisbon to cruise in Tangier bay.
BOSTON, July 9.
LATEST FROM EUROPE.
In addition to the articles of foreign news, presented in this day's paper, we understand further, and more important accounts have been received at New-Bedford, direct from England. The latest dates, we are told, are to the 22d May; and that among the interesting events which they contain, is that of a complete change in the British ministry, of which Mr. Pitt is at the head. We are sorry that it is not in our power to present further particulars; but we believe, this is the only information that has transpired from this arrival.
London dates to May 10, received at this place.
PARIS, APRIL 4.
The Criminal Tribunal has condemned the timber merchant Le Page to the galleys for six years. He has been convicted of a fraudulent bankruptcy. Of the 1800 bankrupts announced since the present war broke out, it is supposed that 1750, at least, are fraudulent; it is therefore time that some example,
is made which may convince other nations, that French merchants are not permitted to be rogues with impunity. [Le Clef du Cabinet.]
MENTZ, APRIL 24.
Yesterday a courier arrived here from Paris, with dispatches for the Prefect, since which a report has been generally circulated, that the Senate will soon propose that the government shall be rendered hereditary in the family of Bonaparte, and that then the registers of departments will be opened as was done two years ago. The young Napoleon, the nephew of the First Consul, who will be appointed his next successor, was born 10th of October, 1802.
Moreau is now permitted to have books brought to him in the Temple, and is employed in writing the history of his campaigns.
According to accounts received here, admiral Nelson is stationed with his fleet off the Sardinian Island Magdalena.
LONDON, MAY 9.
POLITICAL CHANGES.
The arrangement of a new administration is likely to occupy more time than most people could have believed possible. Yesterday a Privy Council was held, which was attended by the Lord Chancellor, the Duke of Portland, the earls of Westmoreland, Chatham and St. Vincent, lords Hawkshury and Hobart, viscount Castlereagh, Mr. Addington and Mr. Yorke. The Chief Justice of the common pleas attended, and we understand was sworn in a member of the Privy Council, which did not break up until half past three o'clock. Mr. Faulkner attended as clerk to the council. His Majesty afterwards gave audiences to the earls of Chatham and St. Vincent, the latter of whom, it was reported, gave in his resignation to his Majesty.
We cannot pretend to a perfect knowledge of all that is passing at the present moment, but we possess the means of knowing that at no period of our history were our leading statesmen ever in a more distressing state of embarrassment.
Soon after Mr. Pitt's conference with the king on Monday, a meeting of Mr. Fox's friends took place at Carlton House. Mr. Fox there stated, that it was his most ardent wish to see a vigorous and efficient administration formed; and he begged them to consider the objection made to himself as no obstacle to their lending their aid and their talents to the public service. They unanimously resolved that they could not become members of any administration from which, in the present circumstances, Mr. Fox was thus excluded, as they could be of no use in an administration formed on such principles.
It is not easy to conceive the perplexity in which Mr. Pitt must feel himself on the present occasion. He was not prepared, at least so it is said, for the secession of the Grenvilles, the Spencers, and Windhamites. He has not, however, despaired of being able to make up an Administration without them, and if we may believe reports, he has already made some progress. To state anything positive, where nothing can be considered as definitively settled, would be absurd—but the Duke of Beaufort has it is said, been named Lord Chamberlain, vice the Marquis of Salisbury, and Earl Camden Steward of the Household. The Lord Chancellor, the Attorney General, and Lords Hawkshury and Castlereagh to retain their situations. Another list handed about states, that Lord Melville was to be First Lord of the Admiralty; that Lord Euston was to go Lord Lieutenant of Ireland; Mr. Rose to be Treasurer of the navy; Mr. Canning to be one of the Secretaries; and Lord Grenville, Lord Gower, and Lord Spencer to be Joint Paymasters. But all this is denied by Mr. Pitt's friends. Mr. Fox, Lord Thurlow, and Mr. Sheridan, were in long conference for some hours yesterday at Carleton House, the Prince, who maintained a line of dignified neutrality to the last moment of political forbearance has felt it incumbent upon him to declare his attachment to the interest of Mr. Fox; but this he has not done intemperately as a partisan, but with all the suavity of a polished Statesman.
Private letters from Vienna say, that a treaty of alliance between the two Emperors has been agreed to, and that its signature only awaits the answer of the King of Prussia, to an invitation to accede to it. The Austrian as well as the Russian armies have been augmented, and are now complete; and new fortresses are constructing on the Austrian frontiers of Italy. All these transactions, though only defensive measures, evince that the great continental powers, while they talk of peace, doubt its long continuance, and are therefore prudently prepared for war.
The French have not yet entered the city of Naples; but the Queen of Naples, apprehensive of a visit, intends going to Vienna, and an English ship of the line is in the road of Naples, ready to take on board all British subjects in that capital with their property.

The American ship General Green, arrived at Plymouth, sailed from Amsterdam the beginning of the present month, at which time 15,000 Dutch troops were embarking at Alkmaar, and 15,000 French were daily expected there for the same purpose. There were five sail of the line, a frigate, and two sloops of war, lying in the Helder, intended to convoy the above troops for the purpose of invading England.
London, May 10.
PRIVATE CORRESPONDENCE.
This morning at 10 o'clock, and not before, it is positively stated, that Mr. Addington delivered up the seals to his majesty at Buckingham house. Mr. Pitt is said to bring in with him Lord Melville, first lord of the admiralty; the lords Hawkesbury, Mulgrave, and Harrowby, secretaries of state. The following noblemen, it is said, remain in office—the duke of Portland, Lord Chatham, and Lord Ellen. Lord Westmoreland goes out. From this statement of affairs, it is inferred, that Mr. Pitt will cut out with a formidable and bitter opposition against him, many conceiving themselves as having only been made ladders upon which others have mounted. Many names of the new opposition are mentioned, and it is even stated, that they will be able to muster 170 in the house of commons at the first outset.
His majesty's appearance in public yesterday, as noticed by all the papers of this day, is dwelt upon as a most fortunate omen of the full establishment of his health, which, if well founded, will be very soon followed by the renewal of the levees at St. James's.
London, May 5.
The work which lately appeared on the continent, under the title of "Napoleon Bonaparte, and the people of France under his consulate," and which attracted general attention, is now prohibited in almost every part of Germany. The Chief Consul has even sent orders to diplomatic agents to demand its suppression. The booksellers in Hamburg are subject to a fine of one hundred dollars for every copy they sell.
New York, July 10.
The ship Charles and Harriet, captain Delano, of New Bedford, from Sligo, for this port, with 230 passengers arrived here yesterday. They left Sligo on the 15th May, and on coming on the coast were informed that the Cambrian and Biston frigates were at or near the harbor of New York. Captain D. from motives of humanity, accordingly agreed to come through the Sound: on arriving off Throg's neck, understanding the quarantine law was in force, and terrified at the apprehension of a long detention on board, the passengers formed a determination to force a landing, and in spite of the opposition of the captain and officers effected it at Hunt's Point, in Westchester. Capt. D. on discovering their intentions, which at first displayed itself in the attempt of several to swim on shore, armed himself and officers, and threatened if they offered to leave the vessel to fire on them; but neither threats nor persuasion had any avail; they gave him to understand that any act of hostility on his part would be made at the risk of his life—that they were determined that no opposition that he could bring into exercise was adequate to prevent the execution of their design; having accordingly engaged such boats as approached them from the shore, men, women, and children, to an amount of nearly the whole number made a landing in the cove of Sunday, and set off on foot to find their way to the city.
Their departure from home it is understood was some what precipitate, many of them belonging to the yeomanry and volunteer corps, an order for their detention was momentarily expected, but through great exertions the ship was enabled to weigh anchor a day or two before the time allotted, and cut sailing the government cutter, by whom they were pursued for five or six miles, they made their escape. Had they overtaken the dreadful carnage that would have ensued, as they were resolved to die before they suffered themselves to be taken back; the cutter was armed with a strong military force to compel a surrender. They are all remarkably healthy, having had no sickness on board since they left Sligo, and (except a child who died in a fit) no death.
Verbal accounts received by the arrival from Sligo, state, the situation of Ireland to be still unsettled, nothing but the most energetic measures of the government restraining the feelings and disaffection of the people. A new plot was generating at the time of the Charles and Harriet's departure, which would burst out whenever an opportunity favorable to its success presented. The district of Connaught generally, was considered as inclined to it, and a new oath administering among those willing to engage in its execution.
The landing of the French was ardently and sincerely wished for by the
lower order of people, who will undoubtedly join them whenever it takes place. The militia agreeably to a late act of parliament were to be augmented with an addition of 10,000 men, and an army of reserve to consist of 20,000 to be instantly raised, and all such persons as omitted to enroll themselves within a given period in the yeomanry or volunteer corps, subjected to a draft in either of the augmentations. The aid for emigration increased to an incredible degree, which was restrained by nothing but the want of conveyances.
GREENSBURG, July 7, 1804.
On Wednesday last, the line of mail stages from Philadelphia to Pittsburgh, commenced running. The mail from Pittsburgh was delivered at this place for the first time by the stage on Wednesday evening. This establishment as it respects the greater security of the mail, as it offers to the citizens a convenient and expeditious mode of travelling, and as it evinces the prosperity and increasing importance of the western country, is a subject of public congratulation—May the 'Good Intent' of the proprietors meet with suitable encouragement.
Philadelphia.
LITERARY INTELLIGENCE.
Messrs. Bronson and Chauncy, the proprietors of the United States Gazette have now in the Lorenzo Press and will soon publish, in two handsome octavo volumes, "The Works of the Honorable James Wilson, L. L. D. late one of the Associate Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States, and Professor of Law in the College of Philadelphia: published under the direction of Bird Wilson, Esquire— Lex fundamentum est libertatis, qua fruimur. Legem Omnes servi sumus, ut liberi esse possimus. "—Cic.
These volumes will contain the Lectures on Law delivered by the author in the College of Philadelphia, and some detached pieces upon legal subjects interesting not only professional men, but to the citizens in general of the United States. Among the detached pieces are—An Essay on the history and advantages of property—Considerations on the legislative power of the British Parliament over the American colonies, published at the beginning of the revolution: and—Considerations upon the bank of North America, published in 1785, in which some important points of constitutional law are brought into view.
The first volume will be ornamented with a handsome portrait of the author, engraved by Mr. Elwin, from an original painting.
From the Political Calendar.
There is no stronger proof of the wisdom and integrity of the present administration, than the nature of the objections raised against it. These objections do not carry the stamp of reason and argument. They are not in general urged with candor and seriousness. They are either dressed out in the livery of ridicule, or buffoonery and wit, or clad in the habitment of levity. A man conscious of supporting truth against error seeks not to embellish his compositions with ornaments of this kind. The most sure method of gaining his cause, he considers, is by cool and dispassionate reasoning, and to this course his feelings naturally lead him. The idea of employing the deceptive arts of railery and sarcasm, when solid argument is at hand, never once enters his mind. On the other hand, when a man is so entangled in the toils of party, or so bound in the shackles of self-interest, as to find it necessary to say something in support of error and delusion, he feels at once, that, in order to accomplish his purpose, he must keep reason and truth at as great a distance as possible, and apply himself altogether to wit and ridicule. Aware that the understandings of men are against him, and that an assault in this quarter must prove unsuccessful, he addresses himself to their imaginations and passions.—Daring of fixing their attention by an attempt at cool inquiry, he endeavors to amuse them with wit and jesting.—The design in this case is first to entrap the imagination; next through the imagination to delude and ensnare the heart; and, finally, having gained the heart, to employ it as an agent for negotiating a truce with the understanding. Thus the whole man is subdued. And it must be confessed, these vile arts have too often proved successful; especially when practised on minds of ordinary stamp, and of contracted information. But their success, though mischievous, is but temporary, and must ultimately yield to the superior weight of reason.
The opposers of government, by their insidious and artful manœuvring, may purchase a momentary triumph among the weak and unsuspicious; but their bounds are limited; their sophistry must soon be detected, and into the pit they
have dug for others, themselves must eventually fall.
To the editor of the Commercial Advertiser.
SIR.
Presuming on your favorable disposition to promote all useful establishments through the medium of your interesting paper, we take the liberty of sending you a copy of the proposals we have made for rendering permanent the Cabinet of natural history in this city, which has already obtained the approbation and support of some of the most eminent citizens of New York.
The utility and importance of this institution have been publicly acknowledged by gentlemen of the first respectability, who, after visiting the cabinet, and particularly examining the arrangement we have made of the objects of which it is composed, having been pleased to testify by an open letter to us their approbation thereof, and their wishes for the success of the undertaking, we are led to believe that the institution would attract public notice and general patronage; if its utility and permanence were undoubted.
Penetrated with gratitude for the honorable patronage we have thus far met with, and solicitous to give to our patrons, in particular, and the public at large, a proof of our disinterested wish, to co-operate in enriching the city of New York with an institution, we have resolved, in order to remove all doubt thereabout, to dispose of the cabinet, at the lowest and most moderate rate possible, in favor of any number of gentlemen who shall form a society for that purpose.
By the satisfaction of contributing to a useful establishment, by bestowing an inconsiderable sum towards its foundation, those who consult interest in their decisions, will find a very great and certain prospect of advantage in becoming subscribers to the proposed plan; for as it is presumable that the stability and permanence of the institution being thus ascertained, the subscription opened for its annual support will become large enough to defray all the expenses attending it, so that the capital subscribed for will be wholly devoted to the purchase of the cabinet and its aggrandizement, and thus it will daily increase in value to the evident advantage of the individual subscribers.
By inserting the following plan, you will very much oblige,
Sir, Your most obedient humble serv't. DELACOSTE & CURLING. New York, July 7. 1804.
SUBSCRIPTION
For the purpose of forming a society for the promotion of the science of Natural history, in all its branches.
The subscribers, desirous to secure to the city of New York, the useful and interesting establishment begun by Delacoste & Curling, under the denomination of Cabinet of Natural History, agree by these to form a society for the purpose of purchasing and continuing the same, and for that end to raise a capital of five thousand dollars, by shares of fifty dollars each, to be appropriated to the above purposes.
As soon as the above sum will be subscribed for, the subscribers will meet for the purpose of naming a committee who will be charged with the execution of this plan, with framing rules and regulations for the government of the society, with agreeing with Delacoste & Curling for the price of the cabinet, which is not to exceed fifteen hundred dollars, and with Delacoste separately for the indemnification to be allowed to him for his further attendance and exertions in increasing and arranging the collections, it being understood that he shall become obligated to remain with the institution, and to exert himself under the directions of the committee, in the same manner as he would have done if the property had remained with him.
The present engagement is not to become binding upon the subscribers until the whole sum is subscribed for. (Signed)
Aaron Barr, Rufus King, De Witt Clinton, Samuel Osgood, David Hosack, Wm. Moore, John P. Ritter.
N. B. Gentlemen who have not seen the cabinet, and feel an inclination to join the above subscription, will be admitted without any charge.
Patent Hemp and Flax Break.
Mr. Owen Roberts of Baltimore, has obtained a patent for the invention of a "Hemp and Flax Break," which promises to be of as great utility to the United States, as any machine hitherto invented, on a model so simple. It may be erected at a comparatively trifling expence, and when in complete operation, will clear six or eight thousand weight of hemp daily, with the assistance
of only six hands. No manual labour is necessary, except turning and shifting the hemp; the rollers and break being wrought by a horse, or water, and so constructed, as to work any number, by throwing them out of gear, as occasion may require.
It is hoped that a conviction of the utility of this invention will ensure the patronage of every friend to the infant arts and manufactures of his country.
The following jeu de mot was sent by a young lady to her lover, whose name was Nott, a few weeks before their marriage. The nuptial knot was fastened soon after the discerning lover decyphered its import.
Why urge, dear Sir, a bashful maid To change her single lot? When well you know; I've often said, In truth, I love you, Nott.
For all your pain I do, Nott, care, And trust me on my life, Though you had millions, I declare, I would Nott, be your wife.
This day is published
By Rapine, Conrad, & Co, CAPITOL HILL, NEW JERSEY AVENUE.
REPORTS of cases argued and adjudged in the Supreme Court of the United States in August and December terms, 1801, and February term, 1803: by William Cranch, assistant judge of the circuit court of the district of Columbia.
Also just published as above—THE BUILDERS UNIVERSAL PRICE BOOK, containing a correct list of prices to the works of the several artificers concerned in building, in dollars and cents; with observations on erecting found and permanent buildings, by John Evans—price one dollar. July 16—
NOTICE.
THE Subscriber, being legally and fully authorized, by his assignees, to adjust, and settle finally, all the concerns of his former estate, (administered under the laws of Pennsylvania, of Maryland, and of the United States,) hereby calls on all persons indebted to said estate, to make payment to him; and on all who have claims, to render him their accounts, with notice of what property is still held in pledge for securing payment.
JAMES GREENLEAF. Philadelphia, April 13—wtf
NOTICE.
The subscriber having been legally authorized, by Messrs Henry Pratt Thomas Willing Francis, John Miller, John John Ahlley, and Jacob Baker, trustees of a fund created from the joint and separate estates of Robert Morris, John Nicholson and James Greenleaf, and generally denominated, the "Aggregate Fund," hereby calls on all persons, having any claims or pretensions by Mortgage or otherwise, to any of the objects of the said Fund, to make the same known to him, with a view to their adjustment. And all persons disposed to purchase any of the property of the said Fund either for cash, or on terms of short credit, are desired to make early application to JAMES GREENLEAF. Philadelphia April 13—wtf
The property of the AGGREGATE FUND lying in or near the river Potomac, consists of a large number of house lots in the city of Washington.
A number of handsome brick houses and a few wooden houses in do. Awharf and store on do. Lands on the Eastern Branch, opposite do. Do. on Hunting Creek near Alexandria. Do. adjoining Fort Cumberland. Do. about 12 miles from do.
The subscriber will in person receive applications on any of the objects of his agency, at Mr. Steeles hotel, until the 10th inst. after which until further notice, he requests that all applications may be made to capt. Thomas Tingey, William Cranch, esq or Mr. Samuel Elliot jun.
JAMES GREENLEAF. Washington, June 4—3twtf
Cheap Goods.
JOHN COX HAS received a large and handsome assortment of Spring and Summer goods, and is happy in having it in his power to sell them unusually low. George Town, May 14—ep2m
LAND FOR SALE.
The subscriber wishing to remove to the westward offers for sale a small tract of land lying in Montgomery county, state of Maryland, about two miles from Conrad Myers Ferry, lying on the road leading from the same to the Federal city, about thirty five miles from the latter—this tract contains about Two Hundred and Thirty acres well watered and under good repair, with a sufficient quantity of wood to support the same; on this tract there is about 10 or 15 acres of good meadow land, which might be put in Timothy with little expence; it has a good apple orchard, peach and cherry also, and well improved with a good store house which is an excellent stand for selling goods, which is occupied by Jeffe Phillips—at present it produces equito any in the neighborhood, and will be offered to public sale on the first day of August next, if not sold before at private sale. Any person wishing to purchase prior to that date may view the same and know the terms by applying to the subscriber living on the premises.
RICHARD JONES, of Ed. July 13—w3t
POSTSCRIPT.
WASHINGTON CITY, July 16.
A duel was fought on the 11th inst. at New York between General Hamilton and Col. Burr, in which the former was mortally wounded at the first fire, and died at 12 o'clock. Both gentlemen fired at the same time. Gen. Hamilton's ball did not touch Col. Burr. The cause of the duel is said to be political, but is not distinctly stated.
London papers are received at New York to the 17th of May, by which it appears that at an extraordinary sitting of the French Tribunal, Cores, after a long speech, offered the following propositions:
1. That Napoleon Bonaparte be declared Emperor. 2. That the Imperial dignity be declared hereditary in his family.
These propositions were on that and the ensuing three days supported by a great number of orators, and opposed by Carnot alone, and agreed to by the Tribunal; when they were ordered to be taken to the Senate by a deputation of six members.
On the 10th of May Mr. Addington delivered up the Seals of office; in consequence of which the following new ministry has been formed.
Mr. Pitt—Chancellor of the Exchequer and first lord of the Treasury. Lord Eldon—Lord Chancellor. Vitcount Melville—first lord of the Admiralty. Earl Chatham—Master General of the Ordnance. Duke of Portland—President of the Council. Earl of Westmoreland—Lord Privy Seal. Lord Harrowby—Secretary of Foreign department. Lord Hawkesbury—Secretary of Home ditto. Lord Camden—Secretary of War ditto.
NOTICE.
THERE was committed to the jail of Frederick county, as runaways, a negro man who calls himself JIM, and a Mulatto woman who calls herself MIMA, and says they belong to Mr. Peter Larkins of Farquhar county Virginia; said Jim is about thirty four or five years of age, five feet five or six inches high, a stout well made fellow, his clothing is a blue coat and waistcoat, tow linen shirt and trowsers, he has also a scar on his breast—Mima is about twenty five years of age, five feet one or two inches high, stout and well made, her clothing is a blue short gown, white linsy petticoat and a tow linen shirt. If their owner does not release them from jail they will be sold for their jail fees agreeably to law. GEORGE CREAGER, Sheriff, Frederick county.
June 23—
THOMAS M'FEUN, THOMAS HALE & WILLIAM DAVIDSON, who heretofore, have transacted business under the firm of Thomas M'Feun & Co. will in future use that of M'FEUN, HALE & DAVIDSON. PHILADELPHIA, Feb. 1—tw&vgf
MEDITERRANEAN PASSPORTS.
Notice is hereby given, that it has been deemed expedient to change the form of the Mediterranean Passport, used to vessels of the United States; that from the eighth day of July next those of the new form will be issued as the custom houses to every vessel, for which application may be made on a compliance with the terms prescribed by law and surrendering the former passport of which she may be possessed, if any, in which latter case no fees will be required for the exchange; and that by an arrangement agreed upon by the Barbary powers, with whom we are at peace, either the old or the new form of passport will be sufficient to protect the vessels of the United States, from capture until the 1st of July 1805, after which the old form of passport will be unavailable and the new one alone in use.
Department of State, 23d of May, 1804.
The printers of the laws of the United States are requested to insert the above in their Gazettes twice a week for the space of six months, and the Collectors of the Customs to keep copies of it posted up in their offices. May 30—2aw6m
This is to give notice, that the subscriber of Prince George county, hath obtained from the Orphans Court of Prince George's county, in Maryland, letters of administration on the personal estate of JOHN TURNER WHITE, late of said county, deceased. All persons having claims against the above deceased are hereby warned to exhibit the same, with the vouchers thereof, to the subscriber at or before the first day of February next, they may otherwise by law be excluded from any benefit of the said estate—Given under my hand this 28th day of June, 1804. NINIAN T. WILLETT, Administrator.

30 Dollars Reward.
RAN AWAY from the subscriber living in St. Mary's county Maryland, near Point Look Out, on the 5th inst. a negro man named CHARLES about forty years of age, about five feet eight or ten inches in height, of a robust turn; had on when he went of a striped cotton coat and trowsers, and is fond of liquor, in all probability he has since changed his dress; he has been used to the water business and may probably try to get a boat to the West Indies or along the coast. Masters of vessels are forewarned from shipping said fellow as the law in that case will be strictly put in force—any person that will secure said fellow in jail so that the owner got him again shall receive fifteen dollars, and if brought to hand the above reward.
JAMES KIRK.
July 13—7t
Ten Dollars Reward.
DESERTED from on board the United States Gun Boat, No. 1. on the night of the 11th July, RICHARD HOLLOWELL (ship-jigger in Baltimore) 5 feet 8 inches high, 140 and well made, short black hair, hazel eyes, and dark complexion, 24 or 25 years of age, by trade a ship-jigger. Whoever will apprehend said deserter, and deliver him at the Navy Yard, Washington, shall receive the above reward, and all reasonable charges paid.
JOHN LOVELL, Master. Washington July 13—3t
Ten Dollars Reward.
DESERTED from on board the United States frigate United States, on the night of the 8th of July, RICHARD WHITE, 5 feet 8 inches high, short light hair, light eyes, fair complexion, 23 or 24 years of age. Whoever will apprehend the said deserter, and deliver him at the Navy Yard, Washington, shall receive the above reward, and all reasonable charges paid.
JOHN CASSIN, Superintendent, Navy Yard. July 13—3t
HERTY'S LAWS of MARYLAND. Volume II.
Those holding subscription papers to the above, are requested to forward a list of the subscribers and their residence, to the Editor in the city of Washington, before the 4th August next, in order that they be inserted, agreeably to the proposal. The work will be ready for delivery a few days thereafter. The Editors of papers in Maryland who published the proposal, are requested to give publicity to the above. July 13—cp
100 DOLLARS REWARD.
Stolen or strayed, on Monday last, a pair of fine Blood bay GELDINGS, accustomed to the carriage, each five years old, 15 hands 1 inch high. The mane, tail and legs of one are black, & he has a small splent, or bony protuberance on the inside of each fore leg, he was also lame in the off fore foot by a prick in shoeing, and the shoe of that foot was taken off. The legs tail and mane of the other (which is the handsomer and more lively horse) are more inclined to a brown than black. They had switch tails, but no marks of white nor brands. I will give the above sum on conviction of the thief, and a generous reward on returning the horses, besides all expenses.
WILLIAM THORNTON. Washington city July 13—3t
Travellers Hall.
THE subscriber has lately been induced from the rapid increase of his custom to purchase a lot of ground adjoining that on which he lives for the purpose of building a dining room and assembly room, each 54 feet by 32 feet 10 inches with six additional lodging rooms, and intends to finish them before the ensuing winter; which together with his tavern and house will occupy a front of near one hundred feet in the most agreeable part of the town and in the center of business being on the highest part of the public square. He has considerably increased the turn-out of his horses and buggies. His domestics and servants are of the most faithful dispositions and properly qualified for the departments to which they are assigned. He has a constant supply of the best stable forage; imported and country provisions, imported liquors, &c. of the first quality, foreign newspapers, &c. And his set will most probably last through the hot weather. The distinguished preference which the first characters have already given him, fills him with gratitude. He offers his sincere thanks to all his good friends and begs leave to assure them that neither his time nor his purse shall be spared in attempting to render the Travellers Hall a house of entertainment, for GENTEL GUESTS ONLY, equal to any in America.
P. BRADLEY.
Lexington, Kentucky, June 12, 1804. A Stage runs from the Travellers Hall to the Olympic Springs in the summer, and to Frankfort during the sessions of Assembly. June 29—3m
TO RENT.
A THREE STORY BRICK HOUSE in the city of Washington, situate on that beautiful ridge north east of the Seven Buildings, on 1st street, Lot No. 3, square 106, at present occupied by Mrs. Scott. Possession may be had the 1st of August next. Under said house is a good dry cellar, on the back of the lot is a stable, and near the premises a pump of most excellent water. Enquire of Mrs. Scott, or of the subscriber, High Street at Doctor John Beatty's George Town. ABSALOM JOY. June 29—tf
WANTED
At the NAVY YARD—Washington, a quantity of the following materials, viz:    5 inch Oak Plank  Lengths, from 30 feet up-wards.    4 1-2 inch do.    3 inch do.    2 inch do.    3 inch Yellow Pine Plank.    2 1-2 inch do.     2 inch do.     Locust Trunnails, of 18 and 24 inches long.     Ls. Cuff Timber, in the log     Cedar do do     Beams of yellow Pine and Oak knees of various sizes.     Proposals for supplying the whole or any part of the Materials, specifying the particulars and the lowest price, will be received by the Subscriber until the first of August next. Navy-Yard, Washington, July 6 1804. THOMAS TINGEY.
N. B. All further information which may be required, can be obtained, on application being made at the Constructor's office.
For the information of the Freeholders of the state of Virginia.
THE following correct list of the persons who compose the REPUBLICAN TICKET of Electors of President and Vice President of the United States, is published. The election for the choice of Electors will be held in each county and corporation on the first Monday in November next. PHILIP N. NICHOLAS, Chairman. JOHN H. FOUSHEE, Sec'y. Richmond, May 25, 1804.
Republican Ticket.
 Richard E. Lee, of Norfolk borough.  John Goodrich, — Isle of Wight.  Edward Pegram, — Dinwiddie.  Dr. Richard Field, — Brunswick.  Thomas Read, — Charlotte.  Greene Taylor, — Cumberland.  William H. Cabell, — Amherst.  George Penn, — Patrick.  George Wythe, — City of Richmond.  John Taylor, — Caroline.  Larkin Smith, — King and Queen.  John Minor, — Spotsylvania.  William Elzey, — Loudoun.  William Dudley, — Warwick.  Mann Page, — Gloucester.  John Taliaferro, jr. — King George.  Richard Brent, — Prince William.  Hugh Holmes, — Frederick.  James Dailey, — Hampshire.  James Aiken, — Shenandoah.  Archibald Stuart, — Augusta.  James M'Farlane, — Russel.  Gen. John Preston, — Montgomery.  William M'Kinley, — Ohio.  June 27—4w
HAT MANUFACTURY.
The subscriber informs his customers and the public generally that he has discontinued business in the city of Washington, and has opened shop on Bridge street near the Union Tavern—he solicits the continuance of former customers, and hopes that all others who may chuse to call and purchase his manufacture will be amply supplied, if neatness and goodness be requisites. GEORGE BROWN. George Town, Feb. 17—tf
CHARLES VARDEN, MERCHANT TAYLOR
Has received from Philadelphia in addition to his former stock, a handsome assortment of goods, consisting of the best London and Spanish superfine cloths and cashmeres, white and fancy Marcellies, colored and white Janes, India nankeens, cotton cashmeres, black silk and satin Florentines, with a variety of other articles suitable for the summer season. N. B. Ladies habits, regimentals, and navy uniforms made in the first style of fashion. New Jersey avenue near the Capitol, June 8—tf
NOTICE.
APPLICATION is intended to be made at the Treasury of the United States, for the renewal of the following lost certificates; No. 362, 363, 364, 365, and 366, dated the 5th April 1804, for 2000 dollars each, Louisiana 6 per cent stock, in favor of John Coles of New London, signed by Joseph Mourse, Reg. JOHN M'GOWAN. June 13, 1804—epow
Ten Dollars Reward.
RAN AWAY from the office of the WESTERN STAR, on the night between the 4th and 5th inst. an indentured apprentice to the Printing business, named WILLIAM JOHNSON, between 18 and 19 years of age, about 5 feet 8 or 9 inches high; rather slender make, short black hair and dark complexion, had on and took with him a brown coat with pearl buttons, nankeen pantaloons, white waistcoat, and a good hat; he had also with him a French made watch, with a twisted gold wire chain. The above reward will be given for securing him in any jail, so that I may get him again, or reasonable charges if brought home. Also all persons are hereby cautioned against harbouring or trusting said boy, and all captains or masters of vessels are warned at their peril against carrying away said apprentice. EDWARD COLE. Lewistown, Pennsylvania, July 9—
GEORGETOWN COLLEGE.
In the district of Columbia, United States of America, under the direction of the Incorporated Catholic Clergy of the state of Maryland.
I. The annual pension of this establishment is two hundred and twenty dollars; but for children under twelve years of age, only two hundred dollars will be required. Those students who continue their education through the classes of Philosophy shall, on account of extraordinary expenses and some particular indulgencies allowed them, pay two hundred and fifty dollars per annum.
The pension is to be paid half yearly in advance. A deduction of fifty dollars per annum will be allowed to those parents who may choose to charge themselves with the detail of clothing their children. The college will furnish washing and mending; but will not keep particular accounts, or become answerable for clothing provided by parents.
II. In lieu of bed linen, table service, school books, and other articles usually required on entering establishments of this kind, each student shall pay ten dollars entrance money.
III. The Sunday or holiday dress is uniform, and consists of a plain coat of blue cloth, with yellow buttons, red cloth or kerfeymere waistcoats. The use of silk is not permitted—Every student shall bring with him his uniform dress, besides a suit for daily wear, six shirts, six neck handkerchiefs, six pocket handkerchiefs, six pair of stockings, and three pair of shoes, all new. Any deficiency in the above will be charged to the parents.
IV. On the above terms the students are furnished with clothes, linen, washing, mending, lodging, board, fire, candle, table, school books, pen, ink, paper, amusements, and school rewards; so that nothing will remain to the charge of the parents, but medical attendance and medicines, postage, and such extra lessons of drawing, dancing, music, &c. which they may choose to order for their children.
V. The religion, uniformly practiced by the students living in the college, is the Roman Catholic; but for students of other religious persuasions, there are boarding houses, convenient to the college, where they will be subject to the same rules (religion excepted) and enjoy the same advantages for their improvement in science as the pensioners of the college.
VI. Out boarders must be furnished by their parents with the uniform of the college, and pay annually for tuition, fire, candle, school books, pen, ink, paper, amusements, school rewards, &c. fifty dollars, always half yearly in advance.
VII. The students are taught English, Latin, Greek, and all the branches of Classical Education, sacred and profane History, Geography, the use of the Globes, Arithmetic, and when sufficiently advanced Algebra and Geometry, with all the other parts of the Mathematics, in the respective classes. Particular care is taken that they learn to read well, and write a good hand, and that they speak and write French with accuracy. Four times a year the students are called to a public examination of what they been taught before Parents and the Friends of Literature. Those who have made extraordinary progress are honored and rewarded. The idle, for punishment, are confined in the vacation to certain extraordinary hours of study during playtime, in order to repair what they have neglected to learn in school; therefore, if they are found defective in the last and most important examination of the year, before the August vacation, they will not be allowed to go home during that time.
VIII. The age of admission is from eight to fourteen. When children are not sufficiently advanced to begin a regular course of classical education, they are placed in an elementary class, attended by a particular teacher, from whom they learn to spell, read, and write.
IX. If the children sent to this College have been before at any other house of education, an attestation of their morals and ability is required.
X. The greatest care is taken to instruct the children in the duties of Religion and Morality, and they are constantly under the eye of one or more of the Professors who see that those duties are practiced, and that the rules of civility are not violated.
XI. Cleanliness and exercise, and every thing which contributes to health, are attended to with particular care.
XII. All the pensioners dine and sup with their professors, and have the same table which they have. No distinctions are allowed in diet or clothing.
XIII. As long experience has convinced the directors, that a profusion of pocket money is very prejudicial, not only to good order, but even to study and application, they therefore request that parents will not be forward in indulging their children in more than fifty cents at most per month, for this purpose.
XIV. No allowance is made for absence during the vacation, which begins on the 15th August, and ends the 15th of September. To these terms the parents are desired to be particularly attentive, in case they choose to call their children home, as the absence of a few weeks at the opening of school is seldom repaired without very great difficulty. Absence from school at no other time will be permitted. It is indeed the most serious and earnest desire of the Directors, that the children should never be called home during the course of their education, as they have found by experience, that such avocations have often proved prejudicial, not only to study and application, but even to content and happiness. Those children who may be received into the college upon other funds, either totally or partially, than those provided by their parents or guardians, will not be allowed to go home or absent themselves from the college during the full course of their education, unless particular circumstances in the judgment of the President should require permission of absence for a time.
XV. When children are removed from the College, whatever new linen or clothes are furnished them on that occasion, will be charged to their parents. After entering on a new quarter no deduction will be made for the remaining part thereof.
The College is a large building, capable of lodging two hundred persons conveniently. The garden and court adjoining, where the young gentlemen play, are very airy and spacious. The situation is very pleasant and healthy.
It will contribute much to the advantage of the children, if parents on sending them will inform the President how long they propose to leave them at the College, and for what employments in life they are designed. The regular course of education is properly classical; but such as are destined for the commercial line, have a lesson of Arithmetic and Book-Keeping, under a particular Professor appointed for that purpose.
N. B. The above Regulations and Conditions will take place from the 15th day of August, 1804, for all such as enter at, or after that period; but for others, they will only commence at the expiration of the six months, for which the advance payment had become due prior to that term.
Right Rev. LEONARD NEALE, President.
Georgetown, June 22—1m.
(BY AUTHORITY.)
Scheme of a Lottery.
To build an Academy in the city of Richmond. Dollars.
  1 Prize—last drawn ticket, having a blank to its number, 20,000   1 do. — 10,000   1 do. — 5,000   5 do. of 1,000 make 5,000   6 do. — 500 — 3,000   10 do. — 200 — 2,000   20 do. — 100 — 2,000   100 do. — 50 — 5,000   250 do. — 30 — 7,500   420 do. — 25 — 10,500   1,500 do. — 20 — 30,000   3,000 do. — 15 — 45,000   1 first drawn ticket after 1,000 having a blank to its number, 250   1 do. after 2,000 do. 250   1 do. do. 3,000 do. 250   1 do. do. 4,000 do. 250   1 do. do. 5,000 do. 500   1 do. do. 6,000 do. 500   1 do. do. 8,000 do. 500   1 do. do. 10,000 do. 500   1 do. do. 12,000 do. 500   1 do. do. 13,000 do. 500   1 do. do. 14,000 do. 1,000   5,325 prizes, 150,000   9,675 blanks, not two to a prize,   15,000 tickets at 10 dollars each, 150,000   N. B. Prizes subject to a deduction of 15 per cent.
This lottery has been authorised by the legislature of Virginia, for the laudable purposes of erecting a seminary of learning in or near the metropolis of this state. With this view, it is contemplated to raise 20,000 dollars, and 2,500 dollars, in addition, for defraying the expenses attendant on drawing the lottery. Citizens of the first respectability have been selected as trustees, and they have pledged themselves to use their utmost exertions to carry it into effect. The scheme has the advantage of giving to each adventurer, a chance for some very large prizes, whilst the proportion of prizes to blanks, is so great as to invite the friends of the intended institution to partake in the lottery, with very little risk of their becoming losers. The treasurer of the state is to be appointed to receive the money for the tickets as they are sold, and to pay the amount of the prizes to the fortunate adventurers. It is believed that the above considerations will induce a rapid sale of tickets, and the drawing will commence as soon as a sufficient number shall be sold to authorise it—which it is believed will be on the second Monday in December next.
Richmond, March 2—tf
Tickets to be had of Robert Pollard Esq. John Brockenbrough, jun. Wm. Price (Rep.) Samuel Pleasants, jun. and William Prichard.
Prince George's County, Upper Marlboro, June 12, 1804.
At a respectable meeting of republican citizens of Prince George's County, pursuant to the recommendations of a former meeting, HUMPHREY BELT, Esquire, having been appointed Chairman, and TRUEMAN TYLER, Secretary, the following resolutions were unanimously adopted.
Resolved, That William Lyles, Alexander Covington, Alexander Conice and William W. Beiry, Esquires be recommended to the people of this County as Delegates to the next General Assembly of Maryland.
Resolved, That Isaac Duckett, Humphrey Belt, James G. Wood, Thomas Hewitt and George F. Hawkins, Esqs. be a committee to confer with a similar committee on the part of Anne Arundel County, on a proper character to represent this district in Congress, in the place of Walter Bowie, Esq. who declines being a candidate.
Resolved, That Richard Sprigg, Thomas Rogers and Trueman Tyler, Esqs. be a committee to confer with Calvert County, and that part of Montgomery County composing the electoral District, on a proper character as an elector of President and Vice-President; and that it is the sense of this meeting that the said corresponding committee recommend, General Joseph Wilkinson, as a proper character to fill that appointment.
Resolved, That the proceedings of this meeting be published in the National Intelligencer and Maryland Gazette. HUMPHREY BELT, Chairman. TRUEMAN TYLER, Secretary. June 18—ep3w.
TAKE NOTICE.
THE sale of those lands, lots, and houses in the city of Washington and district of Columbia on which the direct tax and cost has not been paid is postponed until Friday the 20th of July, at Mr. Rhodes's tavern. Sale to commence at 10 o'clock A. M. and continue from day to day until the whole are sold—any person willing to examine the list of the property may by calling on the subscriber living in George Town.
GEORGE MAGRUDER, Collector 6th collection district. June 18—td of
REMOVAL.
THOMAS CARPENTER, TAYLOR,
Has removed to the house above Mr. RHODES (LATA LOVELL'S) HOTEL, near the President's Square.
In addition to the present stock of goods, a Handsome Assortment
Is expected immediately.
Gentlemen at a distance, by sending a line by post, will be waited upon with all possible expedition.
T. C. will pledge himself to execute any order with a taste, expedition and moderation of charge, which shall not be excelled by any.
April 16—tf.
NOTICE is hereby given to all whom it may concern that JOHN EDWARDS is appointed by the Legionary court of the First Legion of Militia of the district of Columbia to collect all fines put into his hands—by order of said court, WM. D. BEALL, Clk. June 22—6w
Valuable Lands for Sale.
By order of the court of Calvert county, will be exposed to Public Sale the following lands, the property of the heirs of captain Walter Smith, deceased.
ON Monday the 20th day of August next, will be sold on the premises the plantation on which the said capt. Walter Smith formerly resided, containing by actual survey, 1225 1-8 acres of land lying adjoining Patuxent river, bounded on the south west by the said river, on the east by a fine navigable creek, called Saint Leonard's creek, so that one and a half miles of fencing will include the whole land—The soil of this land is equal if not superior to any on Patuxent, either for farming, planting or grazing, and in their season the greatest plenty of fine fish and oysters may be had either from the river or creek—A great part of the above land is covered with Red Cedar, fit for posts or fencing.
On Tuesday the 21st on the premises, will be sold one other plantation in the Forest at about two miles distance from the former containing by survey 627 and one half acres of land, the greatest part of which is covered with hickory, chestnut and oak wood, and a great proportion of swamp land, which at a trifling expence might be converted into valuable meadow, belongs to this land.
On Thursday the 23rd on the premises, will be sold one other plantation lying adjoining on Chesapeake Bay, bounded on the north east by the said bay, on the north by a creek called Parkers creek, containing by survey 536 1-2 acres of land, on this land there are a good proportion marsh and meadow land and a great abundance of fine timber.
It is thought needless to give a fuller description of the above lands, as it is presumed that those who wish to purchase will view the lands previous to the day of sale—and on application to Mr. John Turner who resides near the two first mentioned tracts; they may see the plats of the different tracts of land, and will shew the lands contiguous to him; and Mr. Richard Hance who resides on the last mentioned tract, will shew the outlines of the same to any person wishing to view it.
The above lands will be sold either in the whole, or be divided into parcels as may appear most advantageous for the heirs. The purchasers to give bonds with approved securities for the purchase money, to be paid in three annual payments, the interest to be paid yearly, and on the ratification of the sale by the court, and a full payment of the purchase money and interest thereon a deed of conveyance will be executed to the purchaser agreeably to an act of Assembly in such case made and provided, by J. WILKINSON, JAMES HUGHE, } Commissioners, JOHN TURNER, } Calvert county, June 8—1awt20 Aug.
AT a meeting of the Stockholders of the THEATRE COMPANY, at Rhodes tavern on the 7th June, 1804, pursuant to notice.
ROBERT BRENT, Esq. Mayor of the city of Washington, was called to the Chair, and STANLEY BYUS, appointed secretary.
On motion made and seconded, the meeting came to the following resolutions:
Resolved, That a Board of Directors, consisting of five stockholders, be chosen by ballot at the present meeting, to continue in office one year from their election.
Resolved, That the said Board of Directors have the power generally to manage the affairs of the institution during the period for which they are elected.
Resolved, That it be the duty of the said Board of Directors to proceed immediately to the raising by such means as they shall deem most eligible the necessary funds, and thenceforth apply the same to the completion of the building; and to procure a dramatic company, when the prospects respecting the completion of the building will in their opinion warrant the same.
Whereupon the meeting proceeded to the election of a Board of Directors for one year, when the following gentlemen were elected.
John P. Van Ness, Samuel Harrison Smith, Robert Brent, William Brent, and Thomas Law.
Resolved, That the proceedings of this meeting be published in the National Intelligencer.
ROBERT BRENT, Chairman. June 18—3w