The gazette (Portland, Me.), 1798-05-14 00:00:00

The Gazette.
By ELEZER ALLEY JENKS, Portland, Maine.
[NUMBER 3.]
[VOLUME 1.]
Monday, May 14, 1798.
National Concerns.
Patriotic Spirit of Americans.
"Thou hast seen Mount Atlas. While storms and tempest thunder on its brow, And oceans break their billows at its feet, It stands unmov'd."
So, amidst the storms of parties, and the tempest of factions—so, amidst foreign intriguers, disorganizers, and revolutionary demons—stands the FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, reared by the wisdom, and supported by the unalterable integrity and patriotism of the AMERICAN PEOPLE.—Citizens, would you learn the decided unanimity of your country, and the sentiments of patriotism that are echoed throughout the continent, among all classes, old and young, take the few instances here laid before you, as a specimen. Volumes are requisite to display the numerous excellent addresses, &c. that occupy the almost innumerable Gazettes of our country.]
ADDRESS of the CITIZENS of PORTLAND, To the President of the United States.
SIR, ALTHO we are sensible that the best reward for your great and distinguished services, is the consciousness that they have been performed from pure and honorable motives, we hold it to be the duty of all citizens, at this important crisis of our public affairs, to offer you their most sincere and unequivocal assurances of attachment and support.
In the ready and cheerful discharge of this duty the subscribers, citizens of the town of Portland, in the District of Maine, beg leave to assure you that they entertain, not only the highest veneration for your character and person, but have a firm persuasion that all the measures of your administration, and more particularly those which concern our foreign relations, have been the result of eminent wisdom and unshaken patriotism.
As a part of the American people, educated to the love and enjoyment of liberty, and in the habits of veneration for republican virtues, we have no language to express our indignation at the late measures of the French republic, originating in the most infamous and corrupt stratagems to annihilate our national sovereignty. While every principle of duty and interest prompts us to unite in the preservation and defence of our excellent constitution, and in the support of those by whom it has been faithfully administered, we cannot but express our deep regret that the citizens of France do not seem to possess virtue sufficient to merit the blessings of a free government.
However wicked and hostile may be their designs upon us, our confidence, under the favor of heaven, is in the fortitude and unanimity of our countrymen, to repress their pernicious effects; and we fully believe at the same time, that a nation under the rod and yoke of despotism, & whose councils are distracted and corrupted, ought not to be feared.
For your firm and dignified resistance against the aggressions of our European enemies, we render you our warmest gratitude, and beg leave to repeat our assurances, that such measures as shall be devised by you and the Congress of the United States, for the preservation of our national honor and rights, shall meet our most decided and zealous support.
ADDRESS of the CITIZENS of NEWBURYPORT, To the President of the United States.
SIR, The inhabitants of the town of Newburyport, fully impressed with the present important crisis of public affairs, are prompted no less by a sense of duty than by their own feelings, to express those sentiments which the occasion so naturally inspires in the breast of every American. From the long experience of your conduct in the many public offices to which you have been called by your own country, they feel the most perfect confidence in your wisdom, integrity and patriotism; and they with cheerfulness declare their entire approbation of your attempt to adjust all existing disputes with the French Republic by an amicable negotiation; of that spirit of conciliation which dictated your instructions to our ministers; and of the principles of justice on which they were founded. They learn with equal indignation and astonishment that this spirit of conciliation has been repelled with contempt, that these principles of justice have been disregarded, and that a heavy tribute, with humiliating concessions on our part, have been proposed to us in a manner arbitrary and unfriendly, as the price at which we must purchase the right of being heard.—
The inhabitants of this town duly appreciate the blessings of peace and neutrality, but they will never complain at the loss of those blessings when constrained to sacrifice them to the honor, the dignity and the essential interests of their country. They consider the present interesting state of public affairs as a solemn appeal to the hearts of all independent Americans, & a call on them to come forward with unanimity and firmness, in support of the government and the men of their choice—to resist with becoming dignity any vain attempt to derogate from our common sovereignty, or to degrade our national character from the rank it now holds among nations—to convince the world that we are alike uninfluenced by corruption and by fear—and that, we will not be a divided people, the miserable slaves of a foreign power, or the despicable tools of foreign influence.
Impressed with these sentiments, and relying with full confidence on the wisdom and patriotism of every branch of government, they take this occasion solemnly to pledge their lives and fortunes to support the measures judged necessary by the President and Congress, to preserve and secure the happiness, the dignity, and the essential interest of the United States.
ADDRESS of the CITIZENS of SALEM, To the President and Congress of the United States of America.
Penetrated with a lively conviction of the critical and very interesting situation of our national concerns, the subscribers, inhabitants of the town of Salem, in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, are induced to present the following address.
Sensible we are of the impropriety of an interference from the People with the established administration of Government; still we conceive occasions may arise, when an expression of the public sentiment may be highly important and beneficial. As such an one we view the present; when the Leaders of a Great Nation are inflexibly pursuing the most injurious and baneful designs against us; and flattering themselves with a prospect of success, by a separation of the people from the government.
It is our disposition, and, as far as our influence may extend, it shall be our endeavour, to disappoint and frustrate these expectations.
We are fully satisfied with the measures taken by the Supreme Executive, for accommodating the differences subsisting between the United States and the French Republic; and it is with sincere regret we learn that those measures have been unsuccessful.
We still wish for peace, and a restoration of harmony with that Republic. But should they remain implacable; should we be driven to extremities; depending supremely on the patronage of the Most High, we repose a firm confidence in the wisdom and fidelity of our Rulers, with the steady patriotism and combined exertions of our fellow citizens, for maintaining a vigorous defence. We are determined, at every hazard, to support the government of our choice: and to those, to whom the Powers of Government are entrusted, we will afford our hearty concurrence and aid, for carrying into effect such measures as they may see fit to adopt; holding in the highest estimation our rights and interests as a free and independent people—those rights and interests for which we have once contended, and which it is our settled purpose never to resign.
[The above address was signed by 926 persons.]
ADDRESS of the CITIZENS of BOSTON, To the President and Congress of the United States.
The Subscribers, inhabitants and citizens of Boston, in the State of Massachusetts, deeply impressed with the critical and alarming situation of the United States; and convinced of the necessity of Unanimity and Firmness at this interesting moment, beg leave to express to the Supreme Executive, and the Congress of the United States, their fullest approbation of the measures adopted by the President, relative to our foreign relations, their gratitude for his exertions to conciliate the French Republic, and his solicitude to settle and accommodate all existing differences, upon terms, compatible with the safety, the interest, and the dignity of the United States.
They beg leave also to express their high and elevated opinion of, and confidence in, the Virtue, the Wisdom, and the Prudence of the National Government, and their fixed resolution to support, at the risk of their lives and fortunes, such measures as the President and Congress, in their wisdom shall determine to be necessary to promote and secure the honor and happiness of the United States; nor can they omit, at this crisis, and upon such an occasion, to declare to the world, that "they are not humiliated under a colonial spirit of fear;"—"they are not a divided People;"—that they know their Rights and are determined to support them.
ADDRESS of the MAYOR, ALDERMEN, and CITIZENS of the city of PHILADELPHIA, To the President of the United States.
At a moment when dangers threaten the peace and prosperity of the United States, when foreign insolence and rapine have deeply wounded our national honor, and injured our lawful commerce, it is presumed the mayor, aldermen and citizens of Philadelphia, will not be unwelcome, when they come forward to assure you of their perfect approbation of your administration, and their entire confidence in your wisdom, integrity and patriotism. While we admire the prudence and moderation with which our government has received the unprovoked aggressions of France, and the sincerity and equity of your endeavours to conciliate her friendship, we feel the independent pride of Americans in your dignity and firmness; as we are satisfied, that nothing has been wanting on your part,
to preserve to us the blessings of peace and safety; we prepare to meet with fortitude, the consequences that may follow the failure of your exertions, confident that our government has been just and impartial in her dealings, with all nations; and grateful for the happiness and prosperity we have enjoyed under it in the days of tranquillity we do not hesitate to promise it our utmost assistance in the time of difficulty and need.
Presiding over the councils of your country, in a most eventful crisis, we hope and trust you will find a fixed and energetic support in the people of America.—Permit us to congratulate you on the prospect of unanimity, that now presents itself to the hopes of every American, and on the spirit of independent patriotism that is rapidly rising into active exertion, and to offer a sincere prayer, that while you continue to serve your country with wisdom and fidelity, you may never find her ungrateful.
HILARY BAKER, Mayor. FRANCIS GURNEY, President of the select council. KEARNEY WHARTON, President of the common council.
ANSWER, To the Mayor, Aldermen, and Citizens of the city of Philadelphia.
GENTLEMEN, Never, as I can recollect, were any class of my fellow citizens more welcome to me on any occasion, than the mayor, aldermen, and citizens of Philadelphia, upon this.
At a time, when all the old Republics of Europe are crumbling to dust, and others forming, whose destinies are dubious; when the monarchies of the old world are some of them fallen and others trembling to their foundations; when our own infant Republic has scarcely had time to cement its strength or decide its own practicable form; when these agitations of the human species, have affected our people, and produced a spirit of party, which scruples not to go all lengths of profligacy, falsehood and malignity, in defaming our government; your approbation and confidence, are to me a great consolation. Under your immediate observation and inspection, the principal operations of the government are directed; and to you, both characters and conduct must be immediately known.
I am but one of the American people, and my fate and fortune must be decided with theirs. As far as the force of nature may remain to me, I will not be wanting in my duties to them, nor will I harbour a suspicion that they will fail to afford me all necessary aid and support.
While with the greatest pleasure I reciprocate your congratulations "on the prospect of unanimity that now presents itself to the hopes of every American, and on the spirit of patriotism and independence that is rising into active exertion, in opposition to seduction, domination and rapine," I offer a sincere prayer, that the citizens of Philadelphia may persevere in the virtuous course, and maintain the honorable character of their ancestors, and be protected from every calamity, physical, moral and political.
JOHN ADAMS.
[These addresses from some of the principal towns of this State, and from the metropolis of the Union, breathe the same manly spirit, as those from all parts of the United States. The genuine patriotism, and determined spirit of AMERICANS, are voluntarily displayed.—Upwards of Five Thousand citizens signed the Philadelphia address.—The answers of the President, are no less patriotic and pleasing.]

ENDEMICAL DISEASES of EUROPE, Discovered by feeling the pulse of the Times.
FRANCE , in a Phrenzy Fever , which it is apprehended will require more bleeding and purging than ever; notwithstanding she has undergone these operations already in a very violent degree.
SPAIN , labouring under a most oppressive fit of Indigestion ; from having been compelled to swallow an Olive Branch, which sticks in her stomach, so that she can neither get it up nor down.
PORTUGAL , afflicted in a similar manner, with strong symptoms of a Surfet besides, and no Physician to advise with but an old woman, who is very subject to fits of Non Compo ; of which there cannot be a greater proof than her styling herself the Most Faithful , while she makes no scruple to break faith with her very best friends.
GERMANY , a little touched in the wind with hard pushing, which the French faculty pronounce to be an Asthma , and that another brush with Buonaparte, will entirely knock her up: be that as it may—the race is not to the swift—and whether she gives in for want of strength she and her rider have proved herself bottom .
HOLLAND , in a Galloping Consumption ; occasioned by not wearing the breeches in so profuse a degree as usual; being obliged to supply the Sans Cullettes, by which poor Mynheer has got the pip, and it has flown from his posteriors to the noble parts. The disorder gains ground daily, and the patient who was remarkable for being fat as a hog, is now reduced to a mere shadow.—The late course of medicine administered by admiral Duncan, has been found too powerful; the boluses have caused so great an evacuation , that it will prove a death stroke .
SWITZERLAND , in a fit of the Heart Burn , from some four ingredients which were lately served up in her mess, to the praise and glory of French cookery; but a little salt of wormwood, has done much towards neutralizing the acid—and the paroxysm is not likely to be of any long duration.
SARDINIA , sadly troubled with ruptures , which it is said arose from a violent strain, in wrestling with a French raw head and bloody bones , who only peeped into Piedmont, crying out see, saw, sum , and like Cæsar with his veni, vidi, vici , bore down every thing before him.
NAPLES , full of morbid humours , which are increasing to an alarming degree, and it is feared that nothing less than a political plague will shortly be the consequence of these pestilential symptoms.
TURKEY , quite paralytic ; from the Divan having been gorged with an unusual quantity of opium pills, gilded with the aurum Gallicanum; which, as for some time past they had been subject to political qualms, they were advised by some quacks to swallow, as neutral; being told, that nothing tended more efficaciously to allay fermentations. The diagnostics are highly unfavourable, and unless the patient shakes off the disease in a very short time, she must inevitably sink under it.
VENICE , rotting inch by inch , from an infection communicated by French embraces, commonly called the fraternal hug. The distemper gains ground apace, and nothing but a political salivation can save the whole state from falling into one universal mass of corruption.
PRUSSIA , still worse off than the Spouse of the Adriatic, being at once most grievously smitten, both with the scurvy , and the King's Evil ; the former disease having pervaded the whole Prussian army, of which many scurvy proofs are extant, and for which they will cut a most scurvy figure in the eye of all Europe. And, as for the latter,
there never was known a nation, under Heaven, in which the King's Evil has proved a scourge so universal; not a King who outwardly and inwardly has so manifested evil in the vilest sense of the word.—In short, every thing here is in a state incurable, and may Heaven in mercy to man's kind right suddenly remove the Evil cause, that those Evil effects may shortly be no more.
THE POPE , struggling most totteringly against the Falling Sickness , but all in vain.—We will not be so rude as to say the whore of Babylon, but the poor old lady, call her by what name you please, is literally upon her last legs, and the staggering blows she has lately had from her own unnatural sons, will, certainly, lay her as flat as a flounder; & then farewell to the pastoral Bulls, Indulgencies, Dispensations, Benedictions, Anathemas, and the Holy Commodities of the Holy See, when the Holy sons of the church shall exclaim with Holy sorrow, that the title of his Holiness is gone forever.
RUSSIA , in a Lethargy .—Often dreaming of doing what, waking, was never thought on.—Dead in effect to the calls of humanity, and unfeelingly deaf to the groans of mankind! Arouse, supine, unanimated Paul. Nor become like Frederick the object of detestation.—“Shake off this idle sleep, death's counterfeit, and look on death itself.” See the carnage which Frenchman have spread over Europe; spurn this inglorious somnolency; awake in time to redeem thy dying fame, and do the duty of a man to empire born.
DENMARK AND SWEDEN , both seized with the Cramp ; and rendered incapable of stirring hand or foot. Poor crippled objects, how contemptible in the eyes of the active and brave.—War to them even in the best of causes, was gall and vinegar; a neutralizing draught went down quite sweet, and they drank it off to the dregs. How little did they think, when imbibing the potion, that, like Sorcerer Comus's vile beverage, it would degrade the drinkers to rank inferior to the Pigmies. Yet Sic mutamini Pecuniari! And the metamorphoses of those degenerate Hyperboreans affords food for laughter to the true born sons of
OLD ENGLAND , who, while combating a Chronical Flux , and a Sweating Sickness , by which she has been dwindled down to a Lenten likeness of her former self, yet still preserves her Stamina, sound, firm and uncorroded: and by virtue of a constitution, which neither the power of France can overturn, nor the politics of France can undermine, holds her head up secure of her recovery, while smiling hope anticipates the hour when in her convalescent state, she shall restore the healing balm of peace to a distempered and distracted world.
BRUSH. From FENNO'S UNITED STATES GAZETTE.
ALARMING DESERTION. WHAT would we think of a soldier, placed in a most important station, on whose fidelity and vigilance the fate of the whole army is depending, should he desert his post at an hour of danger and alarm, and leave every thing exposed to the enemy? Is there any such difference between a military and a civil trust, that the soldier would be branded with infamy in such circumstances, while the legislator and the statesman expects to escape without reproach? I see none such. Never since America has been a nation has she known so eventful, so alarming a crisis; and yet, strange to tell, never has there been such a general and early desertion from Congress as at this time—Upon a call of the yeas and nays a few days since in the House of Representatives, it appeared that one fourth of the whole house was absent—They are daily dropping off. There are at this time, six members absent from the Senate; and what is worse, all from the federal side. What do these gentlemen mean? What can they seriously think of their own conduct? Because they have it in their power to
draw their wages, and get into a stage at any time, do they believe they have the right to do so? Is it consistent with the high duty, with the fidelity and vigilance they owe their country? Are they not responsible for the fate of the United States as far as depends upon their exertions to preserve them, and what will be their situation, what expiation can they make to their ruined country, if either salutary measures are lost, or noxious ones adopted in their absence? To attend a county court, to visit a sick cousin, to see their wives, to ride for the air, or to travel for the vapours, are sufficient apologies for the most alarming and unwarrantable neglect of public duty ever known—Or are these gentlemen afraid to stay and give their votes, in these critical times, lest France should proscribe them as traitors?—No wisdom, talents or virtue can alleviate such conduct, or entitle them to the confidence of their country.
THE GAZETTE.
PORTLAND.
** THE patrons of this GAZETTE are informed, that such arrangements are now made as will enable me to continue its publication. So long as liberality remains a leading trait with the people of this District, I shall not doubt of success. Relying on this I shall pursue my duty as editor, regardless of the unmanly efforts of certain persons to impede the progress of this paper. But their chagrined at seeing it rise beyond the reach of their low malice, is a sufficient reward for their services.
In order to ‘ give the devil his due ,’ it is requested that if any persons have signed for this paper, ‘ on the part ’ of the groveling deserter (whose advertisements and pilfered address, sink him beneath the slightest notice) they will immediately erase their names. For they are honestly assured, that it shall be my study to conduct it on principles every way different from the ‘ plan partly proposed ’ by that superficial tool; as I am fully sensible his plans will render any publication he may be concerned in, not only ‘ abortive & ridiculous ,’ but foolish and contemptible.
THE PRESS.
While it affords pleasure to see the American presses almost unanimously devoted to the good of their country, who can learn, without emotions of contempt, that two or three in our populous towns, are prostituted to the designs of intriguing foreigners? ‘Tis shameful that the miscreant conductors of such presses should eat the bread of Americans; but they are so much detested, that their influence is not to be feared; and the circulation of their vehicles is ‘ dwindled to the shortest span .’—There is another class of printers deserving of censure:—the dangerous neutrals—who under the deceptive cloak of impartiality, admit sentiments tending to lull their readers into a security more pernicious to a nation, than the soporific draught to the watchman of the night.
Among this latter class may be ranked the conductors of the Eastern Herald, &c. It is a pity to see any thing published at this period, to suppress the just indignation of injured Americans. It is traitorous to be doubtful. Subterfuge will not do. Be decisive friends of your country, or avowed jacobins. Do not hold up the miserable idea that the French will ever respect our rights until compelled to it. Suppress your ‘ favorable ’ articles.
And hark ye, citizen editors —a word on small matters. Always speak boldly. Whenever you have any thing to say, out with it, and never attack from behind the gin-cask ! It is cowardly, and argues inability.
THIS DAY,
The citizens of this town are to assemble for the purpose of choosing a Representative to the Legislature of this State. Mr. TUCKER has declined being considered as a candidate. Several very federal and respectable characters have been mentioned; but
Mr. Matthew Cobb , will doubtless receive the suffrages of a very handsome majority. The talents, firmness, and political integrity of this gentleman, strongly recommend him to the confidence and support of his fellow citizens.
Query. As the ensuing session of the Legislature will probably be very interesting, would it not be well to send two representatives from this town?
SEPARATION.
MR. JENKS, AS the important question of separating this District from the Commonwealth of Massachusetts is to be agitated in the approaching session of the General Court, it is hoped that no supineness on the part of our representatives, will prevent their utmost exertions to accomplish this desirable object. Nothing is wanting but a little exertion to effect it immediately. What objection can possibly be raised? It is presumed every one sees the importance of the measure. As one of the barriers of the Union, we should acquire an importance in the eyes of the States—and the influence of two voices in the Senate of the United States, is a weighty consideration.—These, with the many advantages we should derive from the administration of a government among ourselves, urge the measure beyond the possibility of objection.
MAINE.
REVIEW of NEWS.
Nothing short of revolutions seem to pass for news in this age of wonders. Formerly the smallest disturbances in populous cities were noticed with astonishment, but now they may sink in ruin and the tale is scarcely told.
IN ASIA, The tremors of a revolution are apparent. In some of her provinces insurrection has raised her snaky head; and the infernal emissaries of revolutionary France, are busy as the fiends of darkness in destroying the peace of the continent. To revolutionize and alienate the English possessions is a favorite object of France.
IN AFRICA, The fable race are in the enjoyment of peace and ignorance. The slave trade being nearly at end, they are not under much apprehension of being torn from their native soil. The European possessions in this quarter of the globe, do not excite much attention. A traveler has lately explored the interior of this continent. Some account of his travels shall appear next week.
FROM EUROPE, There is but little news. The editor has received a file of London gazettes down to March. The latest accounts are to the 17th. At which time the
Invasion of England, was much talked of, and the preparations in France, for this enterprise, were going on with unabating activity—no expences spared, and no project left unattempted to insure success. The privaters have been detained as transports. Five hundred gun boats were preparing at St. Maloes. On the part of England the most determined spirit was displayed, and not the least danger apprehended. The numerous voluntary contributions, have enabled the minister to make every necessary arrangement for the reception of these fraternizing visitors; but as the island is already much crowded, it is not expected they will be admitted farther than the shore, as a guard is placed to prevent intrusion!
The French Usurpers, continue their acts of injustice, and seem to vie with each other who shall be the most flagitious. Tallien has lately proposed that permission should be

granted to all privateers on a cruise to oblige neutral vessels, notwithstanding the validity of their papers, to unload their vessels in any port at the option of the cruisers. He also moved that there should be a law immediately enacted, to declare subject to confiscation, all merchant vessels having any arms whatever on board. These propositions were sent to a committee composed of Tallien, Santhonax, Blad, Riou and Boffeir. — It should be recollected that these villains want money!
A change in French Demagogues, was expected. Buonaparte was mentioned to succeed Barras as president of the directory. This man will doubtless watch an opportunity to declare himself dictator. This will be the readiest method to settle the distracted nation; and his vast abilities well fit him for this important enterprise.
The Spanish Court, has granted permission for 70,000 French troops to pass through Spain to attack Portugal.
The Dey of Algiers, is said to have died previous to the last accounts from Europe; and our ambassador had proceeded to Gibraltar in consequence. Will not this affect our interest with the Barbary States?
Blockaded Ports. The American consul at Hull, writes to the Secretary of State, that lord Grenville had given official information that Havre-degrace, and the ports in the river Seine, were in a state of blockade by the British forces; and that it was unsafe for Americans to attempt entering them.
Capt. Woodbury, arrived at Gloucester from Bourdeaux, brings the latest accounts. He says every American vessel is stripped of its men, except two — their protections taken from them, and they put into jail.
AT HOME, Every thing is moving in a proper sphere. Unanimity and vigor are the watch-words. The ardent spirit of the whole nation is roused; and the most salutary and efficient measures are fast adopting, to repel the lawless depredations of unprincipled Frenchmen.
CONGRESS, on the 23d ult. went into a committee of the whole on the bill for newly organizing and disciplining the Militia of the United States, and made some progress therein. The bill providing an additional armament for the further protection of the trade of the United States, was read and passed.
On the 25th ult. in the house of representatives, a considerable discussion took place on the bill from the Senate for establishing an executive department to be denominated the department of the navy. It was carried 47 to 41.
On the 26th the house went into a committee of the whole on the bill providing for the expences of the military establishment for the year 1798.
A report has been committed, recommending a direct tax on lands, houses, and slaves, to the amount of 2,000,000 dollars; and have referred to a committee of the whole on the state of the Union, the alien bill.
May 2, the House of Representatives of the United States, took up the report on the subject of the naturalization of aliens, when Mr. Harper proposed to amend the report by providing that citizenship in this country should be obtained in no other way than by birth. This amendment being declared by the chairman of the committee of the whole to be a substitute to the resolution of the report under consideration, Mr. Otis proposed an amendment which went to exclude all foreigners, who were not now citizens, from enjoying any office of honour or profit under the United States. Mr. Harper moved to amend this, by restricting all such foreigners from voting at any election; but it having been suggested to him, he said, that such a regulation would be unconstitutional, he withdrew it, until he looked into the subject. The committee rose, without coming to any decision.
A motion has been made in the Senate, "that a committee be appointed to consider whether any, and what provision ought to be made by law, for removing from the territory of the United States, such aliens born, not entitled by the constitution and laws thereof, to the rights of citizenship, as may be dangerous to its peace and safety."
Eight Hundred Young Men. Of the city Philadelphia, have presented a patriotic address to the President of the United States, offering their services in defence of their country.
Late and Important!
From Philadelphia, May 5. "Yesterday the house of representatives received a message from the President, containing further dispatches from our Envoys. They were at Paris on the 7th Feb. and had made a full statement of all our complaints in writing, to the minister of foreign affairs; with an injunction to lay it before the directory; and added that they should in a more formal manner demand passports to leave France, unless they were received and heard within a certain time mentioned. There was no prospect of success; nay, an impossibility with their present administration. I have no doubt but they are out of France before this time, unless, as is the report here, via Holland, they are already in confinement. This is not altogether unlikely, for the Portuguese ambassador was imprisoned some months ago." [This communication is from a source of the first respectability.]
To Readers, Correspondents, &c. Several communications, sometime since handed for publication are omitted because unnecessary at the present moment. Dorothy Singlet's philippic against old bachelors, is too ill natured. The Puffler, will not answer without material alterations.
Researchers of Sublimity! A pair of editors are busily engaged in important researches. They are advancing with 'rapid strides' and 'patriotic velocity' to explore the 'sublime' source of a lady's 'delicate case.' The combined ability of these sagacious persons, will doubtless produce something to lay before the investigators of natural causes! THE 'YOUNG EDITOR' OUTDONE! — The following rhapsody was lately blown from the Trumpet of nonsense, by the junior whistler: — "A tremendous troop of fairies, schoo'd by the wonderful god Oberon himself, could not have extazied a patriotic and brilliant assemblage of enraptured and thunderstruck spectators as the delightful and immortal pupils of Monsieur Lavergne!" Bang!
MARRIED — At Gorham, Mr. JOHN TYNG SMITH to the agreeable Miss MARY DOUGD. In this town, by the Rev. Elijah Kellogg, Mr. NATHANIEL GOULD, of Gorham, to Miss ELIZABETH M C LELLAN of this town. — Mr. DANIEL GREEN, to Miss ABIGAIL BRACKET.
DIED — At North Yarmouth on the 26th ult. Mrs. ZURIAH GRAY, aged 92. She was the great granddaughter of Capt. Miles Standish, one of the first settlers in Plymouth.
At Hampton Roads, on board the British fifty gun ship. Commodore MOWATT, of an apoplectic fit, while giving orders on the quarter deck. This is the same Mowatt who burnt this town in 1775.
On his passage from Berbice, Capt. WANTON STOVER, of this town. A young man whose amiable disposition endeared him to all his relations and acquaintances. At Cape-Elizabeth, Deacon HENRY DYER, aged 81 years — Mrs. SARAH ROBERTS, wife of Mr. Ebenezer Roberts of Durham. In this town, Mrs. MARY TOBY, aged 67.
Marine Articles.
Port of Portland.
There have been but few foreign arrivals at this port, for some time past. Capt. Sawyer, in the Schooner Sukey of Falmouth, arrived here on Tuesday last, in 19 days from St. Croix, via St. Thomas. — Left at St. Croix, Brigs Sifers, Arnold, and Newton, Riley, Philadelphia; and Friendship, Thompson, Newhaven. Schooners Fame, Lunt, Newburyport, and Nancy, Foster, Boston. Sloops Dove, Brown, and Catharine, Brown, Newhaven. Brig Tethill, commanded by Captain Lovell of Boston, was also left there. Capt. Savage from Hartford, sold his vessel at St. Thomas, waiting for a passage home. — Captain Kennard, from Portsmouth, had also sold his vessel, and was bound home in a Danish brig. On the 5th inst. lat. 40, long. 68, spoke brig Success, Lord, Kennebec, 4 days out. On the 6th, lat. 42, long. 68, spoke brig Polly, Portsmouth, Captain Furnace, out 24 hours. A large Schooner belonging to Broad Bay, lately got ashore near Cape Ann. She stove off part of her keel — threw off her deck load, and put in to repair. Arrived at Boston, May 9, Schooner Jerusha, Sutherland (late Capt. Wanton Stover, of this town, who died in five days after leaving port, with one of his crew) from Berbice, 66 days, via St. Thomas 22 days. Left at the former place, Capt. Jones in a brig; and Schooner Dolphin, Harding, both of this port — Sloop Packet, Worth of Kennebec, failed in company, for Carolina. March 16, was boarded by an English privateer, who robbed him of a cask of rum, 40 pair of shoes, 14 dollars in cash, and a watch belonging to the Captain, with several other articles; could not find out her name, or from whence she came. Lucretia, Young, of Portland, is at Port Rico, prize. The Susannah of Portland, is condemned at Port de Paix. Arrived at Newburyport, May 5, Schooner William, Capt. George Norwell, from Tobago. — At Tobago saw letters from Barbadoes, mentioning that an English frigate had captured 36 privateers in 8 weeks, had 900 prisoners in Barbadoes, and 700 at Martinique; and orders were received to send all the prisoners to England, 700 of which had failed. Brig America, of Kennebec, J. Hato, was at Tobago, awaiting for convoy, expecting to sail 5th of May. Arrived at Boston, May 5, Schooner Betsy, Finly, from Carracoa, 19 days. Left there 20 Eastern vessels. Ship Enterprise, St. Barbe, of Wiscasset, was left at Hamburg, March 5. April 10, in lat. 44, long. 32, W. was spoke with, ship Six Sisters, Quaker, from Liverpool, bound to Wiscasset, 20 days out, all well. A Whale called a Scragg, was lately killed and brought into a harbour about 4 miles from Newbedford, which will make about 3 or 4 tons of Oil — Some hundreds of persons have been to see it, as it lay on shore. BERMUDA, APRIL 14. On Wednesday night the brig Aurora, Alexander Gould, Master, from Kennebec, nine days, bound to Martinique, with lumber, &c. run against some rocks on the north side and stove in her bow; she immediately filed with water, and the crew left her the next day and got safe to land.
Count Rumford's Works, POLITICAL, Economical and Philosophical, are printing in Boston by D. WEST. This edition is printing on a new type, and excellent paper. Subscriptions received at this Office, and at the several Book stores in town. Respecting the first volume, now in the press (which contains six engravings) the following remarks are extracted from the Analytical Review for July 1797. PHILOSOPHY has too frequently been considered as a mere speculative science. Well suited to exercise the mind, it has often been pursued with indefatigable labour, and considerable ingenuity, by such as have never had in view the application, either of its general principles, or even of the particular discoveries which have resulted from their own research. The present volume contains five essays, together with an appendix, wherein much curious matter is inserted, which could not with propriety have been interwoven with the work. The first essay gives an account of the public establishment for the poor in Bavaria. The second essay treats of the fundamental principles, on which general establishments for the relief of the poor may be formed in all countries. The Count obviates one of the greatest objections to the introduction of any measure, founded on the voluntary contributions of the public, that is, the heavy expence which would attend the undertaking. This difficulty the Count, who is himself an enemy to all compulsory methods of providing for the poor, removes by observing, that a well regulated plan, so far from being expensive, would ultimately be economical as well to individuals as to the public at large. We now come to the third essay, like all the others important in a very high degree, which treats on food. In the introduction Count Rumford very justly observes, that no subject of investigation can possibly be more interesting and useful than the science of nutrition. The fourth essay, then, is on chimney fire places with proposals for improving them to save fuel; to render dwelling houses more comfortable and salubrious; and effectually to prevent chimneys from smoking. Domestic comfort depends so much on a clean and cheerful hearth, that it seems extraordinary we should have been so little successful in combating that teasing and obnoxious enemy to it, a smoking chimney. But such is the fact. The random remedies which have been recommended to us have sometimes answered the purpose; sometimes, alas, they have made "confusion worse confounded." We have not acted upon system; we have neglected to investigate the principles on which depend the ascent of smoke, or rather we have neglected to apply them. "The whole mystery," says Count Rumford, "of curing smoking chimneys, is comprised in this simple direction: Find out and remove those local hindrances which forcibly prevent the smoke from following its natural tendency to go up the chimney, or, to speak more accurately, which prevent its being forced up the chimney by the pressure of the heavier air of the room." The second chapter of this essay is devoted to practical directions for the use of workmen: for these directions we must refer our readers to the work itself; suffice it to say, that although our author contracts the throat of the chimney to four inches in width, which, as its length is equal to the width of the back, is usually sufficient for the passage of the smoke; he has contrived, by means of a loose pavement, to afford sufficient room for the sweeper. In the third chapter are some easy and very beautiful experiments, illustrating the cause of the ascent of smoke; as utility is the prime object of this work, as a just idea of the principle on which smoke ascends is necessary to those who engage in the improvement of fire-places, and as many such persons are unaccustomed to abstract and philosophical disquisitions, he has rather chosen to communicate information on the subject by means of familiar comparisons than fill his pages with diagrams, which would probably be unintelligible to such as are principally interested to understand them. The fifth essay contains a short account of several public institutions lately formed in Bavaria; of the military academy at Munich; of the means used to improve the breed of horses and horned cattle; of a scheme for employing the soldiery in repairing the highways, and public roads; and of the measures adopted for putting an end to idleness. In reviewing this most valuable work, we have felt no inconsiderable difficulty in our attempt to make any tolerable analysis: it contains so few superfluous words, and so much important matter is compressed in a small compass, that we do not pretend to have afforded our readers an adequate view of its extent and excellence; our object has been to give such an idea of its importance, that they may be induced to peruse it with attention in their own studies; and we do not hesitate to assure them, that their expectations, however highly they may be raised, will not be disappointed.
John Clinton, TAYLOR & HABITMAKER, RETURNS his thanks to the citizens of Portland and its vicinity, for their liberal encouragement, and informs them that he carries on the above branches of business as usual, at his shop in Middle Street, where he has for sale, A handsome assortment of English Goods. He solicits a continuance of their favours, and assures them that he will pay every attention to their commands. Gentlemen in the country who may favour him with their orders, may depend on punctuality. Portland, May 14, 1798.
EXHIBITION Of Innocent Amusements. THIS is to acquaint the Curious, that there will be exhibited, TOMORROW evening, at the Assembly Room, the tragic interlude of The Babes in the Wood. Also a variety of Rich and Comic FIGURES, too numerous to insert. Previous to the commencement of the performance, Mr. MAGINNIS will sing the much admired song called the GALLEY SLAVE. N. B. Mr. MAGINNIS thinks proper to inform the public, that nothing immodest or immoral will be introduced in the course of the Exhibition. Doors to be opened at sunset, and the performance to commence at candle light. — Admittance 1/6. May 14.
The GLEANER, A new work, by a Lady of Boston. Is ready for Subscribers at Mr. WARREN's Book-store. Persons who may wish to purchase may be supplied at the same place. May 14.
Prices Current at Boston, PER QUANTITY — MAY 10.
 ASHES Per T. 133 3/4 Leather, seal, dried. b. 16 to 20c  Pearl, 1500 Lignum Vitae T. 15d  Butter, ship-pkg. lb. 18 to 20c Lime half bld. 1d 75c  Beef ship-pkg. lb. 11 to 12 1/2 Lemons, box 4d 50c  cargo 8d 50c to 10c Molasses gal. 36 to 59c  Brandy, Fr. gal. 43 3/4 to 57 Nail rods, T. 130 3/4 to 133 3/4  Spanish 14 1/2 to 15 1/2 NAILS, 4d cask, M c 28 to 30c  Naples, 12 to 13 3/4 6d do 50 to 59c  Coffee, green, lb. 23 to 24 8d do 15 to 16 3/4  Cotton, Foreign, lb. 30 to 40c 8d rose, imp. 14 25c to 41c  American, 20 to 30c 10d 14 41c to 50c  Chocolate, Amer. lb. 16 to 20c 20d 2d 8 to 17c  Wolfs, No 2 to 1, 25 to 30c Sheathing, cent. 12 to 13 3/4  Rumney's No 1 to 1, 24 to 29c Drawing 12 to 13 3/4  Candles, tall, m. lb. 17c ILL, Florence, casks 30 fls. 8d to 8d 50c  dip 15c do. gal. 1d 25c  Sperm, 50c Naples, 12 bolt. 6d  Cheese, English, 25 to 33c common tubule, T. 70d  American, 6 to 11c Spermaceti, 940d  Coal, pit, Foreign, ch. 15d Linseed, gall. 80 to 90c  American, 12 to 14d Liver, bbl. 9d 50c to 10d  Cod Lines, D. 8 to 9d PORK, one hog, 18d 50c to 19d  Duck, Russia, bolt, 17 to 20d one & half hog, 17 1/2 to 18d  Ramies, 10d to 10d 50c Middling pieces, 24 to 26d  FISH, Table, cent. 0 to 10d Pitch, bbl. 2d 50c  Merch. mt. 34 1/2 to 42 1/2 Paper, scabbing, rm. 4d 50c to 5d  W. India, 3d scrapping, 8 3/4 to 1d  Scal, 2d 25c to 2d 50c Sugar leaf blue, lb. 10c  Aloucos, bbl. 8d RUM, J. am. gal. 12 to 20 3/4  Salmon, 8d to 7d 3/4 Windward, 14 4 to 25c  Herring, 4d New-England 75c  Mackerel, bay, 7 1/2 to 9d Russia Shipping, pi. 16d 50c to 17d  Nova Scotia, 6d to 6d 50c 10c, Carolina cut. 2d 50c to 3d  FURS, Beaver, pelt, lb. 10d 1/2 Scap. Amer. white lb. 14c  Bear, ft. 50c to 4d brown, 10c  Fox, cross, 1d 33c to 2d 25c Cat, lb. 18 to 20c  red, 83c to 1d 50c Sugar E. India, cut 13 to 15d  Minks, 10 to 50c W. India, 10d 50c to 15 50c  Musquash, 9 to 17c Hare white, 18d 75c to 19d  Otter, 1 to 4d brown, 12 to 14d  Fishers, 33 to 83c Loaf, lb. 28c  Sables, 25 to 67c Salt, St. Ubes, Bbs. 5d 50c  Flour, Sup. fresh, 7d 50c to 8d Lyon, 5 to 6d  Prime, 7d to 7d 50c Calcutta, 4d 50c to 5d  X Brand, 7d 75c to 8d 50c Liverpool, 4d 50c to 5d  Middlings, 6 to 6d 50c Steel, German, lb. 14 to 15c  Feathers, loose geese, lb. 58c English tubb, 8d  Lyon, 17c Buttered, 8d  Set Fowl, 41c Skat, all free cuts 9 to 10 1/2  Flaxseed, casks of 8 bbl. 12c P. tent. 11c  Gunpowder, lb. 75c Staves, W. Oak bld. M c , 20d  Geneva, - olland, ca 5d 50c pipe, 30d  cafe, gal. 91c to 1d 17c head, 35d  American, 65 to 75c bbl. 12d  GLASS, Bristol or bx. 10 to 8, 12d 50c R Oak bld 20d  7 by 9, 12d flasks, 1d to 1d 25c  6 by 8, 10c W O bbl. do. 1d 50c to 1d 75c  Hamburg, 7 by 9, 9d 50c Spirit, Turpentine, gal. 290 33c  8 by 10, 9d 50c Tallow, For ign, lb. 10 to 12c  Boston, 10 to 8, 15d American, 13 to 14c  7 by 9, 12d 67c Tar, bbl. 2d 50c  6 by 8, 10d 50c Turpentine, bbl. 2d 75c to 3d  GRAIN, Barley, bu. 83 3/4 T. A. Bobs, lb. 56 to 62c  Corn, Ind. South, 58c Soddyong, 92c to 94c  North, 60c Hysan, 2d 25 to 2d 41c  Rye, 78c Tobacco James Riv. cut. 9 to 10d  Oats, 41c Georgia do. 9 to 12c  Hemp, T. 750 to 2600 Maryland, 8d 50c to 9d  Hops, 11 to 14c Twine, Seine, dz. 6 to 7d  Hoops, bld. 12 feet, 2d. 20d Stovins, 4d 50c  Hog, Tuck, lb. 14c Wholesale, long, lb. 10 to 12c  IRON, Pig, T. 35c flasks, 10c  Railroad bar. 110 to 1150 WINES, Madeira, gal. 1d 60c to 2d 65c  Russia, 106d 67c to 110d Lyon, 830 to 11  Sweden, 710 to 1250 Sherry, 1d to 1d 26c  Twigo, Caroli lb. 60c to 1d Tarrif, 75c  Lumber, Boards, clear, M c , 11 to 12d Fijal, 53c  merch. 8d 50c to 9d Chert, dz. 5 to 6d  Shingles, 12 50c to 2d 50c Málaga, gr. e. fl. 73d  Red Port, gal. 8d 50c 

POETRY.
FOR THIS GAZETTE.
ADDRESSED TO AMERICANS.
O BEY the mandates of great nature's laws, Nor aid, by indolence, oppression's cause; Attend, and venerate your country's call— Live with your rights, or with their ruin fall. Blest as when daring Albion's hostile train Hurl'd their mad thunder o'er Columbia's plain; Fierce as the tempest beats the Gabborn strand, And angry as tornado's rend the land, False, treach'rous Gallia's impious views oppose, And ris. indignant, on such dastard foes.
JULIUS.
FOR THIS GAZETTE.
MR. JENKS,
As LAUREL and myself were lately engaged in reading a high pitched novel, we were interrupted by an old acquaintance coming abruptly into our apartment. He found us in a situation that at once excited his mirth, and rendered us the objects of his good natured ridicule. This circumstance has nearly cured me of this kind of reading. Who could refrain from laughter on seeing Laurela with the book in her hand, and the tears trickling on every page; and myself so far the victim of imaginary grief that my eyes were dimmed with tears, and my mind depressed with sorrow? Laughter did I say! Who could refrain from it? But why all this ado? Because above a century ago a silly lover dashed his brains out against a marble statue in Italy. From this incident, such a doleful story is related, as must distress 'pure humanity,' and distress the bosom of every female who devotes her time to the perusal of those pernicious novels that only agitate the passions without inculcating one laudable sentiment. A moment's reflection convinced me of the folly of suffering my passions to betray me into this silly situation; and I immediately determined to read but very few novels. The first book I afterwards took into my hand was a charming little work called the 'Rudiments of Taste,' in a series of letters. I copy you one of these letters on a subject of considerable importance to the young ladies of the present day, with a request that you may publish it.
EMMA.
ON FEMALE ACCOMPLISHMENTS.
AMONGST the accomplishments necessary to the female character, I think needlework may claim the first place, it having so close a connection with neatness, which is indubitably requisite to render you comfortable to yourselves, or amiable in the esteem of others. The ladies of the last century certainly held needle work in much greater estimation than those of the present; witness the many laborious performances that yet remain as proofs of their amazing industry in this respect—but the world is ever prone to extremes, and because this art was then pursued to the exclusion of every intellectual accomplishment, there are many in our days who seem to think it beneath their duty or ambition.
The Mahometan sentiment which prevailed some years ago, of the inferiority of the female mind, seems exploded in this age of universal refinement; and a woman of cultivated understanding is no longer a phenomenon. The paths of knowledge are rendered accessible—men of learning have stooped from the elevations of science to accelerate the improvements of the other sex—they abridge, compile, expain for their assistance and advancement in polite literature.
Make all the use you possibly can of such advantages, and be convinced that the cultivation of the mind will exalt you in the estimation of rational beings—will open to you exhaustless sources of amusement and delight, of which the ignorant can have no conception—yet be careful never to overlook one feminine grace or accomplishment. There is a line of character drawn between the sexes, which neither can pass without becoming contemptible. It is not to make you despise those acquirements which have ever been appropriated to the female sex, that you are incited to mental attainments, but to render you still more valuable as women; and the better your minds are cultivated, the more you will see the propriety of attending to those minutiae which become the condition in which Providence has placed you.
I do not see how you can acquit yourself tolerably in domestic life, without a knowledge of needle-work; but granting your rank and fortune may place you above the absolute necessity of learning that part of it which is called plain-work—yet consider how far the ornamental kinds may be of use to amuse the intervals of pleasure, or other pursuits, as well as to promote the display of an elegant taste. Even our innocent amusements require variation, and the mind may be agreeably relieved, by imitating with the needle the beautiful productions of nature—but there is something which places a skill in needle work in a much more important point of view, and that is, the inconstancy of fortune, which in her capricious moods has been often known to compel those, whom once she smiled on, to procure their subsistence by those very arts which were acquired only for amusement. Whatever may be a resource against that mutability which marks all human affairs, becomes an object of importance.
A proficiency in the arts of domestic management and economy, ought justly to be ranked among the accomplishments of a lady. You must be unacquainted with nothing that appertains to good house wifery. Some girls have
known professed to violent an attachment to literary pursuits, that they are content to remain ignorant of common attainments. This shows a pitiable weakness—elevated minds are attentive to every thing; and, believe me, it is very possible to possess a competent knowledge of polite literature, and be well versed in the methods of well governing a house at the same time—the latter qualifications have of themselves constituted many an useful character in female life, which is more than can be said of the former. Bleed therefore, my beloved girls, polish with useful acquirements, and you will be what I wish you.
In writing, acquire, if possible, a good hand; yet that is not so essentially necessary as the being able to write grammatically—the violation of the common rules of grammar is an indisputable mark of low breeding; and although my Lord Chesterfield sarcastically said, that bad spelling was only allowable in a woman, it certainly is not in any one, who pretends to an education above the vulgar. Could you write as fine a hand as even A—himself, bad spelling would disgrace the whole. The substituting have for has , are for is , &c. infallibly marks you in the estimation of well bred persons. In order to avoid errors of this kind, habit is to be particularly guarded against. If in your early years you are not careful to write and spell correctly, it is a thousand to one if you ever do. You see, therefore, of what consequence it is that you pay a present attention to these points.
I reckon among the useful attainments, the ability of penning an epistle with propriety and elegance—many fortunate circumstances in life may be facilitated thereby—a well wrote letter has often effected what verbal requests have sought in vain—besides this consideration, how greatly must the sweet intercourse of friendship be improved by a free and intelligent correspondence! Two friends, though placed at the extremities of the globe, may thus enjoy all the pleasures of such a connection; but except you attain the desirable habit of expressing your sentiments without embarrassment, he pe not to enjoy any thing of so delicate a satisfaction—Letters should be the pictures of the soul; and so they always would be, if people acquired only the knack of expressing their thoughts as they arise. Write as you would speak, were the persons you address immediately before you. There is no more than this necessary to establish that easiness of style which is the chief beauty of epistolary correspondence. That good breeding which I hope will be habitual to you, will dictate those terms and forms of address, the condition of those you write to requires—We do not always find the most learned people write the most agreeable letters—perhaps for no other reason than that they take too much trouble about it, and like the good Archbishop of Benevento, reject the first thought that occurs.—Some that I have known indite an epistle in such a stiff and formal style, and load it so disgustingly with tautology, that one would almost take it for an act of government. When you write a letter, my dear girls, forget the idea of pen, ink, and paper—suppose only you are speaking to the person, and you will write an agreeable, if not a fine letter—to effect the latter, something must have been done by nature—however, this I know, that the most elevated sentiments would not look graceful in such compositions, except accompanied by perfect ease and expression, and have the appearance of flowing spontaneously from the heart. Many excellent modes of epistolary writing have been recommended to young proficients. You cannot have better than those ascribed to Pope Ganganelli; whoever was the author, he has certainly hit on that ease, sprightliness, and elegance, which it is my earnest wish may characterize whatever falls from your pen.—Would to heaven that all the world possessed the same candour and liberality of sentiment which breathes through every one of those elegant epistles.
THE COLLECTION.
"A THING OF SHREDS AND PATCHES."
LITERATURE.—How far the following state of literature applies to the present day, the reader will judge:—Many printers; few readers; philosophy abandoned; plagiarism encouraged; originality exploded; sophistry in the teeth of truth; elegance sacrificed for frippery; ignorance successful; wisdom abortive; dulness caressed; genius proscribed; sound mistaken for sense; words destitute of meaning; authors starving; taste prostituted; the mules silent; the classics forgot.
CHARACTERS.—Public men destitute of decency; magistrates wanting authority; priests wanting religion; doctors without learning; women without chastity; physicians without skill; bankers without money; traders without credit; men of probity shunned; gifts publicly adored; modest women slighted; girls void of modesty; matrons mimicking the pertness of girls; boys affecting the consequence of men; and men refusing all the significance of boys.
SINGULAR SENTENCE.—A French paper relates, that in consequence of a woman's complaints against the too frequent caresses of her husband, which she urged had shortened the days of his first wife, a domestic court of judicature was collected, consisting of her father, mother, and two sisters. As a radical cure was the object of the prosecution, after a very short hearing, sentence a la Fullers was pronounced against the unfortunate offender, and as spec-
dily put into execution. What is most singular, the sufferer has forgiven his unnatural rib, but as the justices of the district looked upon this proceeding as an intrusion upon their province, they have arrested the parties for the purpose of reviving their sentence!
BUONAPARTE AND THE JEWS.—When Buonaparte was one day rising through the city of Rome, his attention was arrested at a tumult in a street, occasioned by the populace hunting a beggarly Jew. "Stay," says the General, "are you not ashamed of ill-treating your fellow creature, because he worships the Deity in a different manner from you? You neither deserve the name of a Christian or rational being for such conduct." This did not appease the multitude; upon which he ordered the ring-leaders to be taken into custody, and brought before a magistrate.—He was there the advocate for the unfortunate Israelite, and he gave the particulars himself, and the delinquents were punished with imprisonment. The Jews in that city (whose number it is calculated exceed forty thousand) of every denomination, in consequence of this, flocked to the house of the General, thanking him for this singular act of humanity, and also beseeching him to endeavour to get the many disabilities which their nation was subject to in the papal dominions removed, which this renowned hero did not sleep before he accomplished: that very day the Pope agreed to place the Jewish nation upon an equal footing with all other citizens in his dominions.—The Jews, in gratitude to Buonaparte, it is said, formed an appropriate prayer for the health, success, and prosperity of the General, which was pronounced, in his presence, before the altar of the Synagogue in Rome, and where he was seated, by the High Priest, "the Messiah of Italy ," a tribute of gratitude which, the Jews say, never was paid to any other person.
NEW MERCHANT.—Gen. Buonaparte, says a French paper, was at a meeting where the merchants deliberated on the aids to be furnished to government for the purpose of facilitating the descent upon England. A person asked his neighbor, "who was that stranger?"—"He is a young merchant (said the other) who lately came from Vienna, and is shortly going to London!"
GAMBLING!—Buonaparte being asked how he came to grant such advantageous terms to the emperor, replied with much naivete —"I was playing at vingt un —I held twenty in my hand, and I stood there."
FRENCH RAFTS.—The stupendous French rafts, to be moved by windmills , &c. it now appears, have evaporated into smoke .—The hint, after all, was probably taken from Rabelais's mention of a giant, who being accustomed to feed on windmills , was at last unfortunately choked with a small lump of fresh butter , before a warm oven !
SHAVING.—The following curious notice is given by an English barber in a country town: "Democrats shaved for a half penny—Aristocrats, owing to the length of their faces, a penny!"
BULLS.—An Irish paper says, "The following anecdote of Buonaparte, which never before appeared in print, is from a Paris Journal. It was first given in the Turin Gazette , from which it was copied in all the Italian prints."
An Irish Virtuoso has lately described to the Royal Society an invisible horse , which had been seen in his neighborhood.
BIOGRAPHY.
Some account of General TOUSSAINT.
TOUSSAINT is at present commander in chief of Cape Francois, is a negro, born on a plantation in that island. From a gentleman who has resided sometime at the Cape, the following anecdotes of this extraordinary man, have been communicated.
When a youth, his master discovered in him a retentive memory, considerable judgment and discrimination, and gave him charge of a gang of his fellow slaves as their driver, in which situation he was when Poiverel and Santhonax arrived at the Cape, with the decree of the national convention, for the manumission of the slaves. The whites opposed the operation of this decree; and from this opposition, the cruel and incendiary destruction of that populous city ensued. Toussaint was among the first of the negroes, who declared independence of their masters, and took up arms against the whites. He headed a party at the attack of the Cape, and after its destruction, erected his standard at a neighbouring plantation, to which all the new republicans resorted. His party soon became so formidable, that it attached to him considerable importance, and rendered him a subject of terror to the whites, whom he continued to annoy, until they evacuated the island to the negroes and their followers; he then arrogated to himself the title of general, which Santhonax confirmed with a commission. Tenacious of the ascendancy which the general had gained over the negroes who now composed nearly all the inhabitants of the island, his next attention was turned to the removal of Santhonax; this he effected without much trouble, for availing himself of a proposal which Santhonax had made him, in confidence, to engage the negroes in a coercion with St's favor to plan of alienating the Cape from the jurisdiction of France; Toussaint accused him of anti-republicanism, and managed his accusation with such address, that he soon had him shipped off—thus a man of education and talents, a commissaire
of the French republic, was out-generaled by an illiterate negro, whose whole stock of acquired knowledge scarcely extended beyond the reach of a sugar cane! After the departure of Santhonax, the total command of the Cape devolved on Toussaint; Raymond, it is true remains there, with the title of Commissaire, but he is a mere tool to the black general.
Toussaint is nearly six feet high, of an austere commanding countenance; imperious to inferiors, but humane and generous to the unfortunate. He keeps the best company, and the most opulent and respectable citizens conceive themselves favored by an invitation to his table.
An amorous attachment to this extraordinary citizen general, has in many instances proved beneficial to many American traders to the Cape. A white gentleman resident there, has a negro wife who is supposed to be the only person at the Cape who has any certain influence over Toussaint. A captain of a New York vessel fearing that the administration might take a fancy to some part of his cargo, omitted to enter 100 bils. beef, and 80 firkins butter; the smuggling of these articles on shore being discovered, the vessel and cargo was immediately libelled. The captain being apprised of the importance of the black citizen, made application for her influence with the commandant for the liberation of his property. The captain was dismissed, with assurance of her interference—it was eleven at night when the sent for Toussaint, and at day light, the next morning, he sent a discharge of the vessel and cargo, to the officers who held her in possession.
AGRICULTURE.
STATE OF AGRICULTURE IN FRANCE.
Extracted from La Feuille de Cultivateur .
THIS interesting article is furnished by the students in one of the National Schools, printed by order of the Committee of National Safety, for the 6th year of the French Republic (1798)
   Land under Cultivation.   Acres. Produce.     Grain.   In Wheat 4 400 000 5280 millions of lbs.   In Rye 9 000 000 7650 ditto   In Barley 3 800 000 4370 ditto   In Oats 10 800 000 5616 ditto   28 000 000   Ploughed annually by Horses. 19 500 000   by Oxen. 9 000 000   Amount of ploughed land. 28 500 000   Land in fallow 18 600 000   Meadow and pasture land 18 000 000   64 800 000  
The quantity of grain used for the subsistence of the inhabitants is 17,300 millions of lbs. weight, out of which is preserved for seed 3460 millions of lbs. This leaves 13,840 millions, which is calculated at 553 lbs. for each person.
The quantity of oats raised for the horses is 5616 millions, of which 1404 millions is preserved for seed, leaving 4212 millions, that is 2364 lb. for each horse per annum, or half a bushel per day.
France employs 920,000 ploughs, of which 320,000 are drawn by horses, and 600,000 by oxen. The average number of horses to each plough is 3, which cultivate 30 acres in the autumn and 30 in the spring; but three oxen so employed are reckoned to plough only 15 acres. Hence the advantage of employing horses in preference to oxen is obvious.
   The number of horses employed in agriculture, is 960,000   in different kinds of business 600,000   in carriages 221,500   Total of horses 1,781,500   The number of oxen employed in tillage, is   estimated at 2,790,000   Cattle grazing 389,000   Ditto rearing 1,400,000   Cows 4,000,000   Sheep 20,000,000   Total 28,489,000  
The surface of the Republic (proper) contains 27,000 square leagues; and 20 millions of inhabitants. The conquered countries on the Rhine contain 3485 square leagues, and 3 1/2 millions of inhabitants. The latter, therefore, exceed France in population.
THIS GAZETTE,
Will be regularly published on MONDAYS, at E. A. JENKS'S Printing-Office, in Middlestreet, near the head of Fifth-street, Portland; where subscriptions, advertisements, and communications, are received with attention.
The terms are, ONE DOLLAR & FIFTY CENTS per annum, EXCLUSIVE of postage. Punctual payments are requested.
PRINTING,
In its various branches, executed with attention and dispatch. Orders for Books, Pamphlets, Blanks, Handbills, &c. duly attended to.