The national intelligencer and Washington advertiser. (Washington City [D.C.]), 1806-09-19 00:00:00

NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER, AND WASHINGTON ADVERTISER.
VOL. VI. WASHINGTON CITY, PRINTED BY SAMUEL HARRISON SMITH, PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE. No. DCCCXXXVI. FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 19, 1806. PAID IN ADVANCE.
FOR THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER. THOUGHTS on the subject of NAVAL POWER in the UNITED STATES of AMERICA; and on certain means of encouraging and protecting their Commerce & Manufactures.
No. IV. Besides the complete justification of our measures for the peaceful defence and protection of our suffering trade and seamen, and of our endangered agriculture, manufactures, and property, which rises from this cursory review of the British conduct, another important impression will be made on our minds. The friends of public economy and peace, and the enemies of expense, disorder, and war, will clearly perceive that the mere possession of a great navy has enabled Great Britain to be extremely unjust, and to depart from that political morality, which she owes to herself, to the neutrals, and to the world. We have no reason to suppose that men on the western will be better than their brethren on the eastern coasts of the Atlantic, and we have therefore reason to apprehend, that, with an equal navy, we might have returned war upon England, or placed ourselves perhaps upon the list of the oppressors of our innocent rivals, or less potent neighbors. The possession of eight hundred fighting ships is to be under eight hundred influences to foreign war and neutral oppression.
Permanent navies, quite as much as standing armies, lead a government to beguile their citizens into immense and fatal credits to the public. By the new year the creditors of Great Britain will have, in Europe and the colonies, claims upon that government to an amount little short of three thousand millions of American dollars, at their proper valuation. It is said familiarily there, that this debt can never be paid; and a political writer, who was much approved and employed by members of their late expensive ministry, has openly advocated the use of the sponge , and excited against their public creditors, without discrimination, the extremes of resentment and odium. Regardless of the many persons of all conditions, sexes, and ages, foreign and British, whom the immoral spunging of three thousand millions would reduce to dependence, wretchedness, and beggary, and totally insensible to the rights of property , that dreadful catastrophe to their war system is openly proposed, in a leading newspaper of the city of London. America, it is hoped, will not hastily consent to exchange the political morality of her civil course for such a compound of human blood, fatal expense, and stupendous fraud.
It would not be fair to avoid the objection to our recent course with England, that it applied too particularly to her. It may be observed, in cursory reply, that since we are much greater customers to that country than to any, and indeed to every other, we had a right to receive kindness and justice, or like private customers, we were free to go to other shops, and to make goods for ourselves. The manufacturers of the continent had done us little injury. It was Great Britain alone, who, of the maritime powers, violated the rights of the neutrals in 1792 and 1793, during a time of peace. She alone, of the neutral powers, violated the neutral rights before the war of February, 1793, with France. She alone induced, in London, in March, 1793, a neutral state (Russia) to form a convention for destroying the whole neutral commerce, direct and indirect, with the dominions of France. She alone issued secret executive orders, in November, 1793, to stop even the trade of neutrals, accustomed in peace, with the colonies of France. She alone made known her intentions to dismember our country at the Ohio. England alone established a press at the seat of our government; to subvert our constitutions, and to destroy, by libels, the friends of their principles, approving, in her ministry and legislature, of the service of this civil enemy, before the whole nation, before all Europe, even after her convention. England alone seizes our vessels, in the new or war trade to the colonies of her enemies, while she makes treaties with us establishing a similar war trade in both her Indies, and regularly reciprocates a like trade between her own colonies and those of enemies. She alone impresses our seamen, and forces them to raise their neutral hands, in illegitimate war, against her enemies, with whom we are at peace. She alone violates the obligations of our written and ordained contracts with foreign seamen and foreign passengers, leaving our ships, unmanned, to the mercy of the elements. Uniformly and openly the leading party to the first aggressions on neutrals by Russia, Prussia, Austria, Sweden and Spain, in peace and in war, in 1792 and 1793, it is to her fatal influence, and undeniable example, that we owe the injurious precedents of those vast wrongs, which have broken the hearts and fortunes of our neutral merchants. It is England alone, which,
on paper, has blockaded empires, nay, a quarter of the globe, unblockaded in fact, and incapable of blockade, destroying the markets for neutral produce, manufactures, and property, in enemies' and neutral countries. It is England which, to draw us into a war with her enemies, carried seduction into our national Senate, and attempted to commit this nation in the partition of an enemy's noblest colony. More might be truly said, but suffice it to observe, that a course of such circumstances, commencing in 1792, and continued to the last season of our public business, may well account for the measures we took to support a few of our own manufactures, by the exclusion of some of those of a nation so perseveringly unfriendly, and so extensively injurious, in spirit and in deed.
The conduct of Great Britain herself, in previously discriminating against us, may be forgotten by her government, but they will admit the facts on a statement of some, which occur.
The important principle, that free ships make free goods, was conceded by Great Britain to France, though her privy council, recognising that fact, decided that we should not be equally favored. This important and intentional discrimination against us is worth much more than all the discriminations we have made against England, and all we yet contemplate.
In making a treaty with France and other states, Great Britain established a much shorter, simpler, and more favorable list of contraband of war than was extended to us.
The British government and navy, it is believed, have not been in the practice of perverting the right of search to the impressment of sailors on the high seas out of any vessels, but those of the U. States.
The admission of other foreign ships, with their own foreign produce, into the British colonial free ports, and the exclusion of the ships of the U. States with our produce from the same ports, is another very serious discrimination against our agriculture and trade.
The exclusion of our ships from the carrying trade, between the ports of which their East India company have possessed themselves and China and other eastern countries, is a restriction not believed to be imposed on some other foreign vessels.
The pickled beef and pork of the United States are prohibited in Great Britain, but those of some other countries are received there.
The manufactures of the U. States have been prohibited in Great Britain, while many of those of Russia, Turkey, Germany, and the independent states of India have been admitted.
But let us make a pause.—Let us discontinue the further prosecution of this examination, lest the numerous evidences of rigor and injury from England may produce a resentment we do not desire, or be mistaken for a design to censure and offend her. Far different motives indeed have really excited to this publication:—the peaceable maintenance of the rights and interests of the U. States, and the exemption of human nature from the evils of discord and the crimes and miseries of war. The weeping voice of bleeding Europe seemed to cry to the distant Americans, Preserve your peace .—Under circumstances so affecting, it appeared wise, and lawful, and right worthy to appeal to the friends of humanity and truth in the two nations; on such matters as concern both; and respectfully to offer to our own country the weighty considerations, which seem to dissuade from the hasty establishment of a powerful navy .
Twenty Dollars Reward. WILL be given for apprehending and securing in jail a young Mulatto man slave named ANDREW. He was hired by me last year to Mr. Joseph Thomas who keeps the livery stable to Alexandria, and absconded from that place about the latter end of August last. He is about 23 years of age, 5 feet 8 or 9 inches high, lanky and well made, has short curly hair, and is frequently subject to have several large pimples on his face. He is reckoned to be a trouble fellow of an easy agreeable address for a man in his low sphere of life. As he has not been heard of by me since his elopement, I suspect he has had the address to ship himself as a freeman on board some vessel either at Alexandria or Baltimore. Whoever takes him up and secures him in jail shall receive from me the above reward, or as soon due information thereof is given to me or to Dr. N. P. Cassa at Port Tobacco. G. B. CAUSIN. Maryland Charles County, January 29—wtf
WASHINGTON CITY. THE subscriber takes this method to inform the public, that he has enlarged his tavern considerably for the accommodation of Travellers and Boarders; his stand being on F street opposite the Bank and very near the public offices. He flatters himself from the advantage of his situation and the reasonableness of his charges, with the strict attention to business, to give general satisfaction. THOMAS THORPE. June 20—wtf
FROM THE TRENTON TRUE AMERICAN.
Many of my party, and with shame I confess it, are so ignorant of the true ground of our opposition to the present administration, that if they are asked why they dislike Mr. Jefferson, they can give no explicit answer—they will even confess that they know nothing against the man, and acknowledge they like his measures far better than they liked Mr. Adams's. They, to be sure, oppose him, but it is only for opposition's sake; and they join in the clamour against him, merely because the leaders of their party first raise the cry—
“Like village curs, That bark because their fellows do.”
A fig for such politicians!—Their votes will, it is true, count at elections, as long as we leave things to the caprice of the people; but otherwise we were better without than with them. Give me the staunch, the tough-going man, who loves king George, and is not ashamed to own it—who wishes a royal government, and is not afraid to avow it—who hates democracy, and will leave no stone unturned to work its destruction. If we had had such men at the head of affairs in '93, '99, and 1800, we should not have had all our prospects blighted—but might before this have been reaping the harvest of our hopes, the reward of our faithful attachment to Britain and British government. But, alas! Adams was little better than an old woman—and, as soon as he found the people were aware of his plan to overturn Republicanism, he began to retrace his steps, instead of acting, with redoubled energy, and sweeping with the besom of destruction all who stood in his way to the establishment of a monarchy.
This threw us again into the back ground, and here we shall always remain while we are ashamed of our principles and afraid to avow them.
So far from having nothing against Mr. Jefferson, almost every act of his public life is hateful to me.
I hate Jefferson —for having, from his youth, discovered a brilliant genius, an ardent desire to improve it, and a firm determination to devote it to the support of the cause of freedom.
I hate Jefferson —for having been one of the first to take a stand against the encroachments of G. Britain on our rights—and for having, while yet a youth, drawn the declaration of our independence, which, while it covers with everlasting disgrace our lord and master George the third, encircles with a wreath of unfading splendor, the brows of the young sage who, drew it, and led to the complete emancipation of America from the rapacious rule of Britain.
I hate Jefferson —for having so faithfully executed his important trust, and diligently discharged his various duties while governor of Virginia, that though some of our emissaries raised and propagated the most outrageous libels on his character; yet after a full and fair investigation of the charges alleged against him, the legislature of that state found themselves bound in honor and truth completely and unanimously to acquit him, and to declare that “they entertained the highest opinion of Mr. Jefferson's ability, rectitude and integrity as chief magistrate of the commonwealth,” and that this declaration was intended “to obviate all future and remove all former unmerited censure.”
I hate Jefferson —for having by his sagacity discovered, and by his intrepidity baffled the designs of Tarleton and his myrmidons, to seize the records of that state and to make the governor their prisoner.
I hate Jefferson —for having accepted the distinguished but arduous office of ambassador to the court of Versailles, and for having discharged his trust with so much ability and integrity that the dogs of envy could not wag their tongues against him—and malice was hushed into silence.
I hate Jefferson —for having, while yet in France, when a copy of the federal constitution was submitted to him for his opinion, pointed out a number of its monarchical tendencies, and paved the way for the amendments which have now left it more unlike that stupendous fabric, the British constitution, and more conducive to the end of republican government, the protection and welfare of the people.
I hate Jefferson —for having uniformly, since the adoption of the Federal Constitution, cherished and supported it by word and deed, in office, and out of it.
I hate Jefferson —because he was the friend and favorite of Washington, and by him selected for the first Secretary of State under the new constitution—which office he filled with the utmost usefulness to his country, and the highest honor to himself, combatting with
equal and unequal force the insidious pretensions of the British and the insolent demands of the French minister.
I hate Jefferson —for retiring from office as soon as he discovered the ascendancy the great and good Hamilton was getting over Washington—and thereby throwing all the responsibility for the measures which were pursued upon Hamilton, instead of lending his name and influence to support them.
I hate Jefferson —because the people called him to fill the second office in the government; and because in that office he persevered in those principles, which from his youth he had maintained, in despite of all the engines that could be brought to play upon him.
I hate Jefferson —most inveterately and everlastingly I will hate him, because when called to the Presidency he immediately put in practice the principles which he always avowed—lopped off useless and unproductive taxes—dismissed idle, mischievous officers—retrenched superfluous expenses—set about discharging the national debt—introduced regularity and economy in financial transactions—scorned the support of a sedition law and standing army to enforce it, and appealed only to the good sense of the people, for support—cultivated peace abroad, and cherished harmony at home—supercided officers who had speculated upon the public monies, or persecuted those who differed from them in political opinion—and proved, to the confutation and confusion of monarchists, that a republican government, when rightly administered, is the cheapest, strongest, wisest and best government in the universe.
I hate Jefferson —because his measures succeeded so well, that he was re-elected by an unparalleled majority—getting 162 electoral votes, while the federal candidate got but 14! and since his re-election, has proceeded on in those measures which will render our country so powerful that no nation under Heaven can cope with it—so happy that all other nations will envy it—and six republicanism upon so stable a foundation that all the powers of earth and hell cannot shake it.
I hate Jefferson —because he is opposed to a large navy, while the country is in its infancy. For this, above all other things, I will never, never forgive him. Would he but set about building such a navy, all our ends would be accomplished. To do this he must have uncounted millions of money—this money must either be raised by taxes on the people, or by loans—if by taxes, the people would soon turn out of office those who were heaping unprofitable burdens upon them, when our friends might again get the ascendancy—if by loans, the debt it would create would as surely bring the nation under a despotic government, as a millstone round a man's neck would sink him under water. If we had a navy, Britain would not let us be at peace with her unless we were at war with her enemies—if we were at peace with her upon these terms, we must lose all the most profitable part of our trade; our revenue would be eat up by the wars we should be engaged in, and our prosperity would as certainly be sacrificed by our connexion with Britain, as the welfare of a young man would be the victim of an intimacy with an abandoned prostitute. If we should quarrel with G. Britain, our squadrons would soon, by being captured, serve only to augment her fleets—our own guns would be continually turned upon us—and we should spend our money, means and men, to build, equip and man vessels for the navy of our Sovereign, George III. This, by exhausting rebel America and aggrandizing our lawful mistress, Britain, would soon work the fulfilment of our wishes, either by restoring us to the government from which we were lopped off, or at worst establishing a king from among ourselves. Build but a navy, and things will all work together for our good—and democracy will soon, as John Adams justly observed, become as odious as witchcraft.
I hate Jefferson —because he is hostile to a standing army in time of peace. An army the most powerful weapon you can put into the hands of a ruler—Adams knew this; and had gen. Hamilton's army been large enough, America might ere this have boasted a king like unto the nations of the earth—but with the skeleton which was raised, he could frighten refractory persons, and punish seditious printers; but could do nothing effective. Had he commanded an army like Bonaparte's, we might before now have been lost with a government as energetic and dignified as the Emperor of France admires. But even were we, by intrigue, falsehood and fraud to get a royalist at the head of government, he could not change the name—foolishly intrenched as they are with the ideas of liberty and independence. Our militia may protect the country—no one will dispute this—but to give energy and dignity to government, we must have a standing army—and this we never can have while Jefferson has any sway in our councils.
I hate Jefferson —because he is op-
posed to war. Peace enriches the common people, and renders them proud and saucy. War, by impoverishing the people, makes them humble and submissive. If he had war, we must have money—and for this, must tax, or borrow—must burthen the people, or run them in debt. In war, too, we must have a great number of offices—to fill these, our young nobility would be brought forward. We must have an energetic government, and what government is so energetic as a monarchy? War begets corruption—and amid corruption republicanism would soon wither like Jonah's gourd. War would demand a standing army—and when that army was once on foot, we might not have a Washington at its head to disband it as soon as peace was restored. War would require a Navy, which our pride would prevent us from dismantling, and with which we might form alliances, provoke hostilities, and undertake whatever our ambition might prompt us to.
In short, I hate Jefferson for what he has always been, now is, and is likely forever to remain, a determined enemy of all arbitrary governments and measures, and a decided friend of republicanism. Such are the reasons for the hatred, to Jefferson, of one who is proud to call himself
AN OLD TORY.
FROM THE WESTERN WORLD.
THE KENTUCKY SPANISH ASSOCIATION, BLOUNT'S CONSPIRACY, AND GENERAL MIRANDA'S EXPEDITION. (CONTINUED.)
WE shall divert the attention of our readers a little in this number from general Wilkinson and John Brown, to his honor judge Sebastian. It has been related that Sebastian after a two year's residence in New Orleans, while a judge of the Kentucky court, returned in 1799. Soon after, his return, he formed a project in company with Dr. John Watkins, the present mayor of New Orleans, to draw a number of the Kentucky settlers into Louisiana, doubtless, in our opinion, with the design of rendering the connexion between this state and the Spanish provinces more intimate, and thus paving the way for his friend Wilkinson, more easily to effect the desired junction. The following is a verbatim copy of the original plan drafted for this purpose, which has been afforded us by one of the members of the company, for the purpose of publication. This member unswervingly held subscribed, his name to the proposals, along with many others, without reflecting on the evil consequences which must have flowed to the state of Kentucky, from the treasonable scheme if it had succeeded. With regard to Dr. Watkins, it is proper to observe that at this period, he was a young man just returned from his studies at the University of Edinburgh, and therefore, may be supposed to have entered upon this embassy from his honor judge Sebastian, to His Catholic Majesty, in a great measure from motives of curiosity. But what possible apology can be made, for a judge of the Kentucky Court of Appeals, setting on foot a plan for “the encouragement and accommodation of adventurers” in Louisiana when subject to Spain.
“We the subscribers impressed with a belief that one of the navigable rivers in the Upper Louisiana, is extremely desirable on account of the temperature of the climate, the fertility of the soil, and convenience of its situation for commerce, have determined to make an application to His Catholic Majesty for a grant of three millions of acres of land in that country, under the following regulations, viz:
“1st. That the grant when obtained, shall be divided into forty-two shares, and that one-third of the whole grant be reserved for the encouragement and accommodation of adventurers. “2d. That no person subscribe for less than six shares, at one hundred dollars per share, with the liberty of disposing of as many of the shares as he may chuse, provided he does not dispose of the whole of his interest; and provided also, he be responsible to the other subscribers for the amount of his subscription, payable at such time as they, or a majority of them, may hereafter determine. “3d. As the shares will be disposed of by the subscribers, whom they personally know, and have confidence in; and as the transferrence of the shares to strangers may be productive of confusion and inconvenience, and will also have the appearance of speculation, which should be studiously avoided, no sharer shall be permitted to sell, or in any manner dispose of his share, without the credit and approbation of the company, or a majority of them, given in a corporate capacity—and to the end that every sharer may be known to the company, each subscriber shall on or before the 15th of July, return to Dr. John Watkins, a list of sharers claiming under him.

With. Each subscriber does hereby bind himself to the others to use the utmost exertions to perform all such stipulations, as the agent hereunto appointed, may find it necessary to enter into, for the obtaining of the said grant, in default of which, the whole of the interest of such persons failing, shall be forfeited, and accrue to the use and benefit of the performing subscribers."  Sebastian's name is the next to Watkins' on the original list; but it having been suggested to the judge, that it would be more prudent for a person in his situation, to have his share entered in some other name; he therefore in the list which was afterwards drawn up, entered his share in the name of Andrew Watkins. The company being completed, Dr. Watkins set off for Madrid; but being an inexperienced traveller in Spain, like Gil Blas, he was ensnared by a band of robbers, who robbed him both of all his money, and a number of letters which were necessary for his introduction to the levee of his Catholic Majesty. This unfortunate circumstance delayed his application to the Spanish court, until it was too late—Louisiana having been afterwards ceded to France. The Dr. therefore returned—Sebastian was frustrated in his intentions; and the members of the company lost the money which they had subscribed.
Baltimore, Sept. 4.  Extract of a letter from a gentleman in St. Louis, to his friend in this city, dated August 5, 1805, Communicated to the editor of the Telegraph.
The governor has been for some time past busily engaged in preparing for publication, a work intended to lafli, refute, and expose a most infernal scheme, put on foot in Kentucky by a new paper, entitled the "Western World," to criminate Wilkinson, Brown, judges Jones and Sebastian, and a great number of highly respectable characters, as having joined in a conspiracy to sell Kentucky to Spain, in the years 84, 85, and 86. This plan is undertaken by a certain John Wood, author of a work on the affairs of Switzerland, stolen from Mallet du Pan, and of a work entitled the History of the Administration of John Adams. This man's character is notorious; but he has contrived to weave the web of accusation with so much cunning, that it will be no easy matter to disentangle it. By connecting together ingeniously, flight and distant circumstances—bringing forward the testimony of deceased persons—he has contrived to dress up a tale calculated to obtain popular belief. The accusation is supposed to originate in the malice of an ancient family in Kentucky; that of the Marshalls, to which the present chief justice of the United States belongs; who have long entertained a deadly antipathy against the persons implicated—have attracted this Wood to Kentucky, and established this newspaper, and have the rancor and invention necessary to such an undertaking; but they little dream that Wilkinson is justified by the most positive and unequivocal vouchers from those very deceased persons whose names and testimony are unblushingly introduced, to the contrary of what they are made to state, that the only persons who had ever been made to criminate him, upon his knees implored the general's forgiveness—and that a scene of diabolical villainy, as black as treachery ever devised, will be laid open to the public in the development of the business. The charge had been exhibited at Philadelphia, (then the seat of government) long ago, and after being sifted, had been treated with the contempt it merits. The most ample justification, and the most dreadful exposition of character will soon take place."
FROM THE KENTUCKY GAZETTE.
The following letter was communicated to the editor by Allen B. Magruder, agent of the U. S. for the investigation of land claims in the western country of Lower Louisiana.
Bellevue, Opelousas, In Lower Louisiana, July 2, 1806.
DEAR SIR, I have been engaged for a considerable time in collecting materials for a minute and accurate description of the delightful country where I reside. My public engagements, however, have precluded me from acquiring that extensive information, which I am anxious to diffuse, through the medium of your paper, for the benefit of those who may be inclined to remove to this part of our dominions. What knowledge I have obtained, with respect to the advantages of this country, has been, in some measure, derived from undoubted collateral authority, and much of it from my own personal observation.  The subjects, upon which I shall touch, are of a general nature; but they are communicated with that candor and sacred regard to truth, which every man should feel when he attempts to prescribe the means of promoting the felicity of others.
I have looked enough into society to know, that our countrymen are fond of new territorial positions; and having heard that many of them in your state, were inclined to emigrate to this country, I cheerfully embrace the earliest opportunity to give them all the encouragement in my power. It is not my intention, however, to invite them to a change of situation, where long establish-
ment, the acquisition of wealth, and the enjoyment of property; have afforded the means of living comfortably, where they are. In such cases a change would doubtless be imprudent; because, in calculating the chances which fortune yields, of rendering our condition in life better, by frequent changes of either occupation or position, I am apt to believe, that the result would be in favor of permanent local establishments, & employment, where life could be passed away in the enjoyment of an agreeable mediocrity of fortune, equally exempt from the cares of a useless & redundant opulence, & the wretchedness of poverty and dependence. My communications are particularly addressed to those, who have not been placed in this happy condition; to young men who have to make their way in the world by enterprise and industry, and to those whose fortunes are not sufficient to maintain and portion out a numerous family of children in circumstances that may place them beyond the temptations of vice. To such, I cheerfully offer my hand, to conduct them to an asylum, where the greatest degree of happiness can be acquired and maintained upon the cheapest terms.
The western parts of Lower Louisiana, compose, without doubt, the most charming portion of the American continent, north of the equator. The climate is uncommonly healthy, for these latitudes. It is soft, mild, and delightful beyond description. The heat of the spring and summer months, is most agreeably tempered by refreshing breezes from the Gulf of Mexico, which increase in proportion as the seasons become more sultry. The autumnal & winter months, partake, in a great measure, of the soft temperature of the preceding portions of the year; and are attended with but very little snow or sleet. The advance of the seasons is, in general, very gradual; and therefore, prepares the human body for the change of atmosphere. In fine, I perceive no causes in nature, from which, we can rationally deduce any effects of climate or situation, prejudicial to health in this part of America. Upon diet, exercise, a peaceful mind, & a pure atmosphere, depend the blessing of a long and happy life. Common industry will procure the two first, so as to render them in every respect salutary; good morals will secure the second, and nature has furnished the last.
In the same manner, that we are to judge of the state of morals in a nation, from its code of criminal laws, so are we to judge of the impressions of climate upon the human system, from the state of medicine in any particular country. There are few physicians here; and so very seldom is there medical aid required, that none of them attempt to live merely by their professions. In Kentucky your physicians are numerous; many of them live upon their avocational revenue, and some of them have grown wealthy by the practice of physic.
The western country of Lower Louisiana lies exceedingly level, with few diversifications of hill and valley. The lands are uniformly fertile; the soil being from ten to twenty feet deep in many places; composed of a dark grey loam, with a foundation of sand, very soft and porous, and admirably fitted for the labor of the hoe and plow. Two thirds of these regions are level prairie lands. The others are forest land, well timbered with every kind of wood, that may be employed in all useful and ornamental architecture. Scarcely any forest lands, except the swamps, are unfit for cultivation. Some of the prairies are very rich, and all of them sufficiently so, to yield profitable crops of cotton, and many other useful commodities.
(To be Continued.)
Richmond, Sept. 9. An occurrence has taken place in this city, of considerable use to the medical world. Its importance may be estimated by the single fact, that it satisfactorily decides the long agitated dispute of the origin of the yellow fever. All doubt, all disputation, all cavilling—must yield before it.
The question is, whether the yellow fever of our cities is of foreign or domestic origin: whether it is imported from the W. Indies, or generated by the noxious air of our towns. The last has been the general opinion. It was evident that if the fever could be imported, it might be conveyed from one person to another, or from place to place. But experience has proved that it was "incommunicable in the country, either by persons under the disease, or by goods carried from diseased places." Was it then reasonable to suppose, that a fever which could not be communicated from the town to the country, could be carried from one country to another; from the ports of the W. Indies to those of the United States.
It must be admitted, however, that this fact is not of such a direct and overwhelming kind as to put down all opposition. Ingenuity has eluded but not destroyed its force. It is contended, that the noxious miasma only acts in large cities, where the atmosphere is so impure as to be thrown into a state of noxious fermentation, or where human bodies are so enfeebled by the impurity of the air as to be predisposed to its action. When transported into the country, the atmosphere is too pure to admit of its operation. It has no nidus to receive it. It is without that train of favourable circumstances, which must concur and assist its virulence. The air is too pure to be thrown into fermentation, and man too healthy to be predisposed for its action. "It is for this reason," say the advocates of imported fever, "that it is not always communicated from the town to the
country. We admit that the fever is not alone sufficient to produce its full effect in towns; but we contend, that when it does appear in our cities it must owe its first germ to foreign importation."
But the following incident is of a kind to remove all opposition. The city of Richmond at this time enjoys an almost unexampled share of health. Bilious complaints have by no means an uncommon fatality. Rocket's landing, our only depot of foreign trade, is not peculiarly afflicted by any species of sickness; much less by any of an uncommon appearance. Will the advocates of imported fever then believe, that at this very moment it has appeared in the Penitentiary; at some distance from the center of the city, on the very skirts of the country, insulated from every other building, and on the opposite side of the town to Rocket's landing? Such however is the melancholy fact.
That the fever of the Penitentiary is the yellow fever of our cities, is decided by the two experienced and ingenious physicians who have attended it. Its symptoms are the same in kind, tho' infinitely less in degree: the pain in the head—the red eye—the skin of a hue much darker than gold—the black vomit, or black neces , according to the course of the bile. In the only case where the patient has fallen a victim, the sensibility of the stomach was so excessive, that by gently touching the region of the stomach, it produced the hiccup so symptomatic of the complaint.
Where is there a fact more conclusive as to the origin of the yellow fever, because so little confused by the operation of contrary causes? It would almost be a miracle, had the imported germ of the yellow fever visited the Penitentiary. Here are a set of men almost completely cooped up from the rest of the world. The turnkeys; the respectable superintendent of the Penitentiary; his whole family are healthy. The guard, who traverse the outside of the building, are too far removed to communicate the contagion. Few persons have access into the building; no one can enter it without a permit from two inspectors; no one, who has visited it lately, has exhibited the symptoms of the fever. The building is too completely cut off from the city, to receive the noxious contagion in a tainted stream of air. And whence was this stream to blow? There is not a single corner in the city where the fever has peeped forth; not one person who has fallen beneath it.
There seems not a deficient link in this chain of proof. Every thing is complete—every thing conclusive. It is scarce possible that the fever could approach from without; it must therefore have been generated from within. But here are sufficient causes for its production: desponding minds; the want of exercise; the want of something to exhilarate the spirits, and put the torpid functions into motion; the damp weather succeeding to a season of unexampled drought; the long train of inconveniences inseparable from a state of confinement and labour. When causes like these exist, why seek for its origin in the W. India market, whence no infected vessel has arrived; or in a city not yet visited by a single symptom?
Two advantages may be expected to result from this discovery. Physicians being no longer puzzled about the general origin of the fever, will be at liberty more freely to trace the particular circumstances which generate it within our country; and to apply the fruits of their investigation to removing its causes. Another advantage is, that we may succeed in diminishing "the burthen of quarantine at home as well as abroad."
But let not our distant friends indulge the slightest alarm about the consequences of this fever. We pledge ourselves as to the spirit of the following facts:
That not more than six or seven of the convicts have symptoms of the fever:
That one only has died whilst others are convalescent:
That the fever of the Penitentiary, though similar in its general symptoms, is comparatively innocuous to that of our large towns. The only victim who has yet fallen beneath it, lingered as many as 12 or 13 days, whereas in Philadelphia it was not uncommon for them to sink in 24 hours. Of such unequal virulence is the same fever at different places!
That there prevails not the slightest alarm among the inhabitants of this city:
That a few have even visited the Penitentiary for the purpose of inspecting the disorder, so perfectly were they convinced of its harmlessness;
And that the best established opinion is, that the fever is not in the least infectious; that it rather passes from the air to the patient, than from the patient to the air; that even in that case it does not immediately operate, but that it requires time to break down the tone of the body, ere it can produce its effect.
Enquirer. * President's message at the opening of the last Congress.
TOBACCO TRADE.
Letters which have been received in this city from London, announce an important change in the mode of collecting the duty on tobacco. The following may explain the nature and consequences of this new regulation.
The duty on tobacco in England, is not paid on the importation, as it is on most other articles, and drawback on exportation. The principal reason assign-
ed for this exception is, that the duty upon a whole cargo would be so considerable, as to require too great a capital in the hands of the importer. The present duty, for instance, is 2s. 1d. sterling per lb. The whole amount therefore on a cargo of 300 Tons would have been immense, and the capital so vested, might have remained for months and years in an unproductive state.
When the tobacco is landed in England, it is stored in what are called the king's warehouses: and it is upon delivering it from these warehouses that the duty is advanced. The great convenience of this arrangement is, that a manufacturer who has purchased a cargo of tobacco, may suffer it to lie in the warehouses for several years, and he pays the duty in proportion only as he consumes the tobacco. Another convenience is, that he may pay the duty on the second parcel of tobacco, out of the proceeds of the first when it has been manufactured and carried to market.
But in the payment of this duty there was formerly no exception made in favor of stemmed tobacco, the duty being laid upon the pound of tobacco, without any regard to its stems.
In former times, these stems were of considerable use in the manufacture of snuff, & the value of the stems was superior to the duty on the tobacco. Some change, however, having taken place in the value of this species of snuff, the value of the stems became less than the amount of the duty.
The effect upon this country was, that much of our tobacco was stemmed, before it was exported to England; and the English manufacturer was not then under the necessity of paying a duty upon the stems. This stemming is principally carried on by the planters themselves; but in some of the large towns, where great quantities of tobacco are deposited, stemming has even become a distinct and lucrative business. Virginia has been computed to employ not less than 800 or 1000 hands; who, being principally small boys, are almost unfit for any other occupation. The tobacco is then exported to Great Britain and the stems to Germany.
The English manufacturers, unwilling (as it may be presumed) to lose the duty paid upon unstemmed tobacco, should they be obliged to purchase it, or to allow us the profit of stemming, have petitioned Parliament for redress. Parliament (it seems) have now passed an act allowing to the manufacturer to go into the king's warehouses and stem his tobacco. There is of course a deduction from the duty paid on the tobacco taken from the warehouse, in proportion to the quantity of stems left behind. What is the rate of this deduction, what becomes of the stems themselves, or what are the other details of this act of Parliament, we have not yet had an opportunity of discovering.
The effect of this new arrangement upon ourselves it is not difficult to perceive. It will reduce much nearer to a par the prices of stemmed and unstemmed tobacco; it will diminish the quantity that is stemmed in this country, diminish the profits on this branch of business, and it will deprive a set of hands, who are scarcely fit for any other employment, of one that is tolerably productive.
Richmond Enquirer.
FROM A LONDON MAGAZINE.
It will doubtless be highly gratifying to the public, to observe the remarkable decrease of deaths by the Small-pox, within the bills of mortality of the city of London, as appears by the following comparative view:
   1803. Deaths. 1804. Deaths.     January, 181 January, 120   February, 121 February, 77   March, 95 March, 44   April, 61 April, 38   May, 69 May, 38   June, 43 June, 29   July, 50 July, 35   August, 67 August, 27   September, 85 September, 33   October, 64 October, 50   November, 153 November, 45   December, 180 December, 50   Total, 1173 Total, 586  
This decrease will appear still more important, when compared with the annexed statement of death by Small-pox, for 50 years, within the bills of mortality, averaged by ten years.
   From 1750 to 1759 Deaths.     1760 to 1769 19,642   1770 to 1779 24,435   1780 to 1789 22,039   1790 to 1799 17,121   Total, In 50 years, 17,683   Making an annual average of 180,922  
The following is an annual statement of deaths by Small-pox in the present century:
   Deaths. Deaths.     1800, 2,409 1803, 1,173   1801, 1,461 1804, 586   1802, 1,579  
It is hoped the knowledge of these facts will strongly tend to promote the beneficial practice of Vaccine Inoculation; it appearing, that the fatal disease of Small-pox has progressively declined, as the inestimable discovery of Vaccination has been introduced.
HUMANITAS.
Statement of the number of persons inoculated, at the Stations of the Royal Jennerian Society, in 18 months, from the quarterly reports.
   Persons.     Centre House, 2,911   Surrey Chapel, 2,110   Maze Pond, Southwark, 387   Rotherhithe, 510   Shadwell, 512   Mile-End, 516   John-Street, Minories, 400   Bishopsgate, 1,070   Hoxton, 816   Golden-Lane, 579   Clardenwell, 245   Gate-Street, Holborn, 216   Marylebone, 1,523   Westminster, 218   Total, 12,013   Inoculated before the Central House was opened, 275   Total, 12,288.  
N. B. In the same period, 19,352 charges of Vaccine Virus have been supplied from the Central House, in Salsbury Square, free of expense to applications from most parts of the British empire, and foreign countries.
JOSEPH LEAPER.  FRENCH NAVY.
The following is given in one of our late London papers as a list of the French Navy as it now stands, collected from various documents, and represented to be as correct as the fluctuating nature of such an establishment can be.
   OF 120 GUNS.     Invincible Majestic,   Ocean Ville de Paris,   OF 80 GUNS.   Foudroyant Neptune,   OF 74 GUNS.   Ajax Souverain   Alcide Suffrein   Algeriras Superbe   Alliance Tourville   Annibal Ulysse   Aquilon Union   Argonaute Vanqueur   Atlas Valeureux   Batave Veteran   Bellone Gemape   Boree Genois   Brutus Heros   Casor Impetueux   Cesar Jean Bart   Charlemagne Josephine   Commerce Lion   de Lyons Magnanime   Conquerant Menandre   Constitution Patriote   Courageux Phaeton   Coffart Pluton   Delft Regulus   Eole Revolution   FRIGATES   Argus, 28 guns Julienne, 44   Armide, 32 Junon, 40   Artemise, 36 Mignonne, 32   Atalante, 56 Milanese, 30   Brave, 44 Minerve, 40   Circe, 36 Niade, 40   Comet, 44 Necessite, 32   Corneille, 44 Piemontaise, 44   Cybele, 44 Poullante, 44   Diligente, 32 Presidente, 44   Dryade, 40 Revanche, 48   Dept. de Lande, 24 Rhine, 40   Experiment, 48 Semillante, 36   Felicite, 48 Syville, 40   Feline, 24 Sirene, 44   Gloire, 44 Thetis, 36   Guerriere, 48 Thetis, 36   Hermoine, 40 Topaze, 40   Hortense, 36 Torche, 32   Incomparable, 24 Unique, 40   Incorruptible, 36 Valenciennes, 44   Indienne, 40 Valeureuse, 44   Indetigable, 44 Zephyr, 24   Josephine, 44.  
A BARGAIN.
THE subscriber offers for sale the farm he now occupies, containing near 300 acres with or without the stock thereon.
It is distant from the cities of Georgetown and Washington, about five miles, and well known as a healthy situation. There is much fine fruit thereon, and abounds with springs, affording as good water as in the United States, a considerable proportion of the land has been in clover, and from thirty to forty acres fit for the feythe the ensuing summer. It is now in a very improving state, being altogether clear of broom sedge, and from 40 to 50 acres ploughed and prepared for a spring crop, and from 30 to 40 acres well set with wheat and rye—some part of the land is calculated for tobacco; and plaster of paris answers well with it all. The dwelling house and other improvements may with small repairs, be rendered very comfortable—rooms vicinity to two growing cities, many advantages result in supplying the markets. A purchaser may calculate on a good bargain, particularly if an early application be made. Some part of the purchase money will be required in cash or approved negotiable paper; the remainder rendered easy—or negroes received in payment. The subscriber or William Searly residing on the farm will show it when required, and the terms made known by application to Mr. John Thompson, George Town, or Dr. W.M. Thornton Washington.
Isaac Polock,
Fruit Hill, Some Lands calculated for the culture of cotton, indian corn and small grain, situated on a navigable river in the healthiest part of the state of Georgia, will also be sold on reasonable terms or exchanged for negroes.
I. P. Jan. 29—1802

WASHINGTON CITY.
FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 19.
WE understand that the statement made some days since in the Washington Federalist, that a relation of Mr. Munroe had passed through this city with dispatches for the President, representing that the Florida negotiation had failed, is without foundation. Mr. Bankhead, the gentleman alluded to, was only the bearer of duplicates of letters long since received.
THE Public will bear with pleasure that there is now in the Press at Philadelphia, a new Edition of the Vision of Columbus, by Mr. BARLOW. In this Edition the original work will be greatly enlarged, and the plan essentially modified. Its typographical execution will be in the best style, and it will be embellished by superb engravings done in England.
Mr. William Ludlow, of the state of Ohio, announces his ability to supply the inhabitants of that state with one hundred thousand good thirst Apple Trees. We notice this as one among the numerous evidences of the rapidity with which population advances in this rising state. Why does not some individual resident in it exhibit a view of its unparalleled progress? Such a view, faithfully delineated, would be fraught with the most useful instruction. It would demonstrate the powerful influence of republican principles, of universal freedom, of economy, of industry and enterprize. It would, perhaps, exhibit, in many respects, a model worthy of the imitation of the new states that are destined, at no distant day, to rise in the west; and it would expose the defects which have been suffered to creep into some part of the system pursued in this flourishing state. It would show, probably, that she has failed to bring into full activity her vast resources for instructing the rising generation. It might draw the attention of her patriotic citizens to this object, and stimulate them to seize the most auspicious moment which can ever occur for laying the foundations of future glory. It will be the fault of her councils, if Ohio is not in a few years the favorite seat of the arts and sciences; and if her citizens are not pre-eminently distinguished for knowledge and virtue.
DIED—At Albany, on the 9th inst. WILLIAM PATTERSON, one of the Judges of the Circuit Court of the U. States.
DIED, On Sunday the 7th inst. Mr. JOSEPH TAYLOR, formerly of Connecticut, but for several years past a Clerk in the Auditor's Office of the Treasury Department of the U. S.
[COMMUNICATION.]
Translation of a review of a work published in France by EUSEBIUS SALVERTI, entitled conjectures upon the cause of the apparent diminution of the waters upon our globe.
Many celebrated natural historians have published systems of cosmogony; their theories, springing from lively imaginations, are rather ingenious than true; we admire, without believing them. Love of the public good has conducted citizen Eusebius Salverti upon their steps; aided with the light of experience, he explains under the modest title of conjectures, a phenomenon the most interesting for humanity.—Newton, says he, thought that the mass of water spread over the globe, undergoes a progressive diminution; this opinion is the result of observations which are constantly renewed. In all times the sea has left dry vast flats formerly covered with waves, if, on the other hand, it has overflowed new lands, those conquests do not equal its losses: we daily see many sources disappear, and the beds of rivers diminish. Homer paints the Scamander as a terrible river whose angry waves arrested the impetuous Achilles, and would have overwhelmed him, if he had not been succored by the gods; and the Scamander is now only a rivulet. The parallel direction of the hills which border the course of rivers, prove that they were formerly bathed by their waters; the enquirer asks himself, what is the cause of this diminution? Eusebius Salverti examines all the hypotheses hitherto framed to resolve this interesting problem: the water absorbed by organised bodies, then decomposed by the vegetation of plants, and the digestion of animals: the formation of whirlpools and caverns in the interior of the earth; the separation of the two principles of water in the atmosphere. This last hypothesis, supported by the striking experiments of modern chemistry, furnishes the author an occasion of explaining, in a new and very ingenious manner, the formation of the Aurora Borealis; but none of these systems appear to him sufficient, and he concludes, that the diminution of waters is only apparent, and that the circulation alone is diminished. He demonstrates this proposition by the experiment of the pump of Verrat, in which the quantity of water furnished appears more considerable in proportion to the quickness of movement, although always the same, if the superior reservoir pours into the inferior: he explains it further by the apparent riches of a country, calculated, not upon the quantity of money existing, but upon the quantity in circulation. Men, in digging canals and narrowing the
beds of rivers to facilitate communications, in draining ponds and marshes for the benefit of agriculture, in cutting down forests, have diminished the means of evaporation and consequently the rains, the sources and currents of rivers: it is above all by destroying the woods that men have diminished the circulation of water, for trees are the most powerful conductors of this element: and a simple glance cast upon the globe, suffices to prove that the countries where the vegetation is the most vigorous, are also the richest in running waters. From a diminished circulation of water results two constant phenomena; the one is the impoverishment of vegetation, the other the variation of temperature in countries a long time unadorned with woods; finally, from these effects result the depopulation of countries in which formerly flourished the most powerful empires. But it will be asked, what becomes of the portion of water which no longer circulates? Eusebius S. answers this question, by an idea new, by a system which is ingenious, and which is very plausible. If, says he, in a vast extent of country, all the trees are destroyed, the vapours of the earth will be attracted only by the mountains; a portion of the clouds will be arrested upon their elevated tops, which despised of the trees that defended them, will present only naked peaks almost impermeable to water, and unprovided with the warmth which maintained vegetation; these clouds will condense into ice at their summits instead of filtrating to form sources at their feet: the rest of the vapours and clouds, become the sport of every current of the air, will, above all, participate of the continual motion which the centrifugal force, arising from the rotation of the globe, impresses upon the atmosphere: these clouds will be driven towards the poles, and will there add to the frightful mass of ice. The author supports this theory by observations and conclusive experiments: he proves that the higher glaciers of Switzerland and the polar seas augment daily; a part of Greenland is no longer accessible, and the Strait of Foulis is now so obstructed that no vessel can find a passage. We should be obliged to copy his work entire, to follow Eusebius Salverti in his philosophical reasonings, which he presents with an order, a clearness and an elegance very rare among writers who occupy themselves with physical sciences. In order to judge of his style we cannot refuse to transcribe, at least, one paragraph.—"Run over," says he, "with an attentive eye, the entire surface of the globe; contemplate at first the enormous piles of ice which load the two hemispheres; the mass is almost double in the southern hemisphere, which, possessing a much less terrestrial surface, can only re-collect upon its few elevations a small part of all the water which is evaporated from its vast seas: in proportion as the lowering of the mountains worn by the action of waters and of years; in proportion as the destruction of forests, devoured by the impetuous violence and prodigality of man, diminish the means, by which nature carries back upon our soil the waters dissolved in the atmosphere, a portion of water carried off by evaporation from the seas and rivers, comes there to fix itself forever, and to add to these shapeless masses of ice, the solitary abode of silence and death. Or will you, upon another view of the picture, look over those unfortunate lands which have lost such considerable masses of water? Behold those burning deserts which separate Asia from Africa; see the mournful ruins of Balbec, and Palmyra, there also, and forever, dwell death and silence; where now are the innumerable palm trees of ancient Tadmor? Where now are the fountains once shaded by their foliage? The sorrowful eye perceives far around only an arid sand, naked, unceasingly furrowed by the winds; never does the water of Heaven come there to refresh the wandering traveler, and the earth, which he opens with his hands, offers, reluctantly, to his devouring thirst but a few drops of water loaded with the bitterest salts; these are the only remains of the various treasures which nature formerly spread so profusely in those places; what scourges have desolated these countries so populous of old? In proportion as society extended itself, the draining of the stagnant waters and narrowing the currents of rivers, have diminished the evaporation; the trees cut down in these extensive clearings, have ceased to attract to the earth the tribute of the clouds; the sources have dried up. In vain the industry of man struggled for a time against the course of nature. In spite of the labors of the Palmyreans and of the Roman emperors; in spite of the magnificent aqueduct, which even at this day encumbers the parched land, the destructive dryness daily made more rapid progress, and these regions, once the glory of Asia, are now transformed into frightful deserts. Contrast with these images, the aspect of new lands, where the hand of man has never imposed laws upon the elements. In the vast Savannas of America, the water covers an immense portion of soil and seems disposed to cloak it entirely. Forests of boundless extent bring back upon the surface of the earth all the fluid which has evaporated from it. The breadth of rivers, the extent and multiplicity of lakes and marshes, the exuberance of vegetation, offer at every step, the proof of an enormous circulation of waters. An aspect more pleasing to the eye of civilized man, is that of a country where industry has been guided by prudence, avidity restrained by an interest wisely consulted, where the breadth of water courses has been always respected, and the preservation of large plantations of trees ad-
lied to the most extensive agriculture; the earth there enjoys an astonishing fertility, and nourishes an innumerable population; the circulation of water, constantly maintained in a moderate degree, affects not the salubrity of the air, favors vegetation and the regularity of the seasons, and gives to interior navigation the most prosperous activity."  After this interesting picture the author concludes that a wise government cannot too much encourage the plantations and repress the devastations of forests; he offers his wishes for the perfecting the interior navigation of the republic, by the establishment of canals similar to those of England. "It is, then, says he, that France will unite to the riches of art, which belong to the most civilized ages, the treasures of nature, which seem to belong truly, only to the infancy of the world."  It is not for us to decide, whether citizen Salverti has penetrated the secrets of nature; but it may be permitted us to say, that he has found that of rendering science attractive. The glow of his diction dispels the dryness of an abstract subject, and we find in his manner of presenting his conjectures, & applying his facts, a resemblance to the style of Buffon, of which he has sometimes the richness, and always the clearness.  The celebrated Irish patriot and baronet, Mr. Curran, has obtained from the minister the most lucrative and pleasant place in Ireland, that of master of the rolls. It is to all intents and purposes a sinecure.  It appears that the pickpockets infested the avenues to the House of Commons, animated doubtless, with the general anxiety to raise the supplies in such a manner as shall scarcely be felt.  [Lon. paper]  It is reported, that an affair has lately taken place in high life, of a singular nature, that if it ever becomes before the public, it will puzzle the fages of Welfmum-Hall as much as the caluimts of Doctors Commons to decide upon it. Some years ago a person of high rank obtained a divorce of his wife after having previously recovered damages against the adulterer who seduced her. The seducer, and the lady were married immediately after and lived together until very lately when the suffered herself to be again seduced. The new seducer is her former husband!  [Lon. paper.]  Baltimore, Sept. 13.  Extract of a letter, dated Norfolk, Sept. 8, 1806.  "Since 10 or 12 days there has anchored here an English and French frigate. Both have been much injured by the late violent storm, and have come here to repair. It is said there are a number of impressed Americans on board the English frigate, which seems to be the case, as they will not admit any person on board, nor suffer any of their crew to land. Many of their crew have deserted, and we have frequently heard at night volleys of musketry discharged at those attempting to make their escape, and numbers, it is feared, have lost their lives by their temerity. The captain has said, as it is currently reported, that it is a matter of indifference to him if they all desert, as he can get a sufficient number off Cape Henry. The English did not fire a salute when passing the fort, which is generally a custom with armed vessels, neither would they permit the custom house officer to board them, and yet they lay claim to all the rights of hospitality. The French when passing the fort, fired a salute, which was returned by the fort, and will permit any person to go on board, and when on shore are very peaceable—the contrast, though diminutive, may apply to them nationally."  "The storm, which has introduced to our acquaintance these wooden walls, was productive of serious injury. The alarm was so great as to cause a great number to rise from their beds, fearing their houses would be blown down. Ships were blown from their moorings—two of them, it is feared, will not be got off. The gable end of a large house was blown down on a small one, in which there was a young man, who fortunately received no injury; though the house was nearly levelled with the ground!"  Baltimore, Sept. 16.  We understand that at the time of the gale which proved so disastrous to the French fleet adm. Jerome, Bonaparte was in the Veteran, which vessel has not since been heard of.  Sept. 17.  Arrived in Annapolis Roads on Monday evening, under jury masts, the French ship L'Eole of 74 guns, Mons. Prevost la Croix, commander; one of Jerome Bonaparte's squadron; driven in by stress of weather, having lost all her masts, and her rudder materially injured. She sailed the city, which was returned by a discharge of cannon from the City Point—The captain, arrived here yesterday evening.  HALLIFAX, (N. S.) Aug. 18.  Captain Whitby, of the Leander, was sometime since superceded in the command of that ship by captain Humphreys, from England. The Leander sails for England between this date and
the 24th inst. Capt. W. goes passenger in her, and a strict inquiry is to be made into the unfortunate occurrence off New York. He is permitted to take home such officers as he may think necessary to bring forward in his defence.  "In his majesty's instructions to flag officers, captains, &c. &c. dated on the 29th of May last, I find the following paragraph:"  "Representations having been made that neutral ships are frequently detained on frivolous grounds, you are hereby further required and directed not to interrupt any ships under neutral flags engaged in trade not prohibited by law, except upon proof or strong ground of presumption, that the ship or the goods belong to his majesty's enemies, and you are particularly to bear in mind, that neutral vessels, conveying cargoes between this country [England] and the ports of the enemy, carry with them a strong presumption, that the property is either on British or neutral account, and engaged in a legal trade; his majesty having, in consideration of the present state of commerce, been pleased to allow that trade to be carried on by British and neutral subjects—it is therefore proper that such trade should suffer a little interruption as possible."  (Signed)  H. NEAL, RUSSELL, KENSINGTON, B. TUCKER."  By command of their Lordships,  "The above instructions from the lords of the admiralty were received on this station by his majesty's ship Leopard—and I have further understood it is the wish of the admiralty, that no neutral vessels should be detained on light and frivolous grounds."  Norfolk Sept. 12.  Extract of a letter from the captain of an American vessel to his friend in this place, dated London, July 20.  "I expect I shall get away by the 10th of August, and it is probable Mr. Monroe may come with me; he wishes to do so, and thinks he will; if Mr. Fox gets so well as to be able to transact business; the recovery of Mr. Fox is very uncertain. I said nothing to Mr. Monroe on public business, and from his expressing a wish and an expectation of returning with me, in conclude that he apprehends no difficulties to detain him. The opinion here is, that all matters of difference between this country and ours will be amicably adjusted. The merchants do not appear to apprehend any rupture, tho' some few declined shipping goods for their correspondents in America, but they may have had other reasons, than the fear of a rupture. I am no politician, but I see or hear nothing that gives me reason to suppose there will not be an amicable adjustment of differences."  A FACT.  A little after the American revolution, an American citizen happened to be a spectator in one of the London Theatres, when, among other amusements, they had a farce taking off the American officers as shoe-makers, tailors, farmers, &c. In this way, one of the players dressed as a British officer was on the stage—another made his appearance as an American officer, in a kind of slovenly half military dress. The former accosted the latter with "pray who are you, sir?"—"An American officer;"—"you are?"—"yes;"—"so it appears, but what was you before the war?"—"A shoe-maker;"—"I thought so." The next that appeared was a taylor, and the same remark was made upon him, to burlesque the American officers and please the Cockneys. But as soon as he could be heard, our young American vociferated from the middle of the Pit, Great Britain conquered by Shoe-makers, Tailors and Farmers, by G—d!"  DEMOCRAT.  To BOARDERS.  A MESS of YEARLY BOARDERS will be reasonably and well accommodated, at MYERS'S HOTEL from the 12th of October next  Washington City, Sept. 19—2w.  District of Columbia, Westing-ton County, ss.  IN the case of BENJAMIN BURCH an insolvent debtor confined in the prison of Washington county aforesaid for debt, notice is therefore given to the creditors of the said BENJAMIN BURCH that on Monday the 29th inst. at the Capitol, in the court room at the hour of 10 o'clock A. M. the oath prescribed by the act of Congress, entitled, "An act for the relief of insolvent debtors within the district of Columbia," will be administered to the said Benjamin Burch as a trustee appointed unless sufficient cause be then and there shown to the contrary.  It is ordered that this notice be published twice in a newspaper printed in the city of Philadelphia and twice in a newly per printed in Baltimore before the 24th inst. and in the National Intelligencer and Washington Federalist three times before the 29th inst.  By order of the hon. Wm. Cranch chief judge of the circuit court of the district of Columbia.  WM. BRENT, Clk.  September 19—2t  BANK OF COLUMBIA.  The Board of Directors having this day declared a dividend for the half year ending the 30th inst. at the rate of Eight per cent. per annum. The same will be paid to the Stockholders or their representatives any time after Saturday the 20th inst.  WM. WILANN Cashr.  Sept. 19th.
ELISHA RIGGS,  HAS received by the late arrivals, via Philadelphia and Baltimore, a part of his Fall Goods, and daily expects by the Leocadia and UNION and JOHN (from Liverpool to Alexandria) a Large Supply of coarse goods, which will make his assortment extensive—among those received, are, Plain and plain silks, and shambra mullins, Dimities, calicoes, and L. Linens, Furniture, dimities, calicoes, and trimmings, Carpeting, flannels and counterpans, and many other articles, ALL of which are direct from the manufacturers, or bought in this country for cash, and will be sold at a SMALL advance for money, or to punctual persons only.  Geo. Town, September 19—2w4w-  A HORSE LOST.  STRAYED or STOLEN on the 14th inst. about sunset, a handsome dark bay saddle horse, about 14 1/2 hands high, having short buckskin mane and tail lately thinned, newly shod all round, whose usual gates are an easy pace, rack or canter. He was lately brought from Baltimore, and once belonged to Mr. James Owings. Whoever will deliver the said horse either to Mr. Charles W. Goldsborough of the Navy Office, or to the subscriber, shall be well rewarded by  R. W. GOLDSBOROUGH.  September 19—3t
PROPOSALS, FOR PUBLISHING BY SUBSCRIPTION, THE WORKS OF DR. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, PHILOSOPHICAL, POLITICAL, AND LITERARY. Hominum rerumque repertor.
THE publication of the writings of Dr. Franklin in a complete edition, was long contemplated by the late BENJ. FRANKLIN BACHE, his grandson, who transferred the copy which was devised to Mr. W. Temple Franklin, for the purpose. It was originally designed that the corrected edition should appear in three languages, and in England, Germany, France and America, at the same time: this design was frustrated by the device (W. Temple Franklin) who, it is now believed, sacrificed the work and the honorable trust reposed in him, for money, to the mortal hatred of the English ministry against the deceased age.  As soon as this fact was known, the present editor of the Aurora turned his attention to the collection of every paper and circumstance which could tend to preserve and do honor to the memory of a man to whom America is so much indebted; and who as he was the first that took from his genius and talents reflected back upon his native country, must continue to be ranked to the posterity, among its greatest benefactors and ornaments.  This edition will be published from the copies revised and corrected by Dr. Franklin, the corrections of which are in the handwriting of the author, and may be seen by any gentleman in the possession of the editor of the Aurora.  Early admiration of Dr. Franklin; educated in veneration and reverence of his character—combined with other incidental circumstances not necessary to be pointed out; have concurred to favor the collection by the present editor, of the best materials that could be obtained after the sacrifice of the work by the devisee. With some industry, and with some expense he has possessed himself, not only of the copy with the corrections, and additions in Dr. Franklin's hand writing; but also of several articles which have never appeared in any former collection, and of several which have never appeared in print.  Proposals would have appeared long since in this city; had not an advertisement of an intended edition being published in the English prints; the present editor thought it might be yet possible that the edition advertised, was that which Mr. Temple Franklin was entrusted with; but it now appears that the English edition is only a republication of the former compilation with some small additions; but still very deficient, on a comparison with the corrected papers in the hands of the editor.  The whole will now be carefully collated, and the work executed in a style worthy of the great patriarch of American liberty and apostle of the American press.  The additional papers will form at least a volume, perhaps more—the authentic papers already printed, form three—and it is intended to begin with the second volume, which will be put to press immediately; and to publish the Biography last, so that such additional particulars as may throw a useful light on the life of this great man, may be engraved on his memoirs; to obtain which, and other important materials, the editor will spare neither pains nor expense.  Gentlemen who may be possessed of authentic or original papers, or correspondence of Dr. F. or who can give information where any are to be found, will render public service by communicating them to the editor.  CONDITIONS.
The work shall be elegantly printed, on a new small pica type and pale vellum paper in large octavo.  The work will be ornamented with numerous engravings, a vignette to each volume—a whole length portrait from the best likeness allowed to be in existence, now in the possession of the editor.  The price of each volume will be 2 dollars 50 cents payable on delivery only.  Subscriptions will be received at the booksellers of Wm. Duane, No 100, Market Street, Philadelphia, and in Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington City; and by other booksellers and private gentlemen, whose names will be notified in the several states of the union, in due time.  August 8—

FOR SALE OR RENT, Two FRAME HOUSES Near the Navy Yard.—For terms apply to the subscriber near the pre- mises. GUSTAVUS HIGDON. September 17—3t
LOST On Monday evening between SPURRIER'S Inn & STELLE'S Hotel, a small Red Morocco POCKET BOOK with some Bank Bills and other papers of use only to the owner. Any person delivering the same to John McCaul of Richmond or to the Printer, shall receive compensation. September 17—3t
JUST RECEIVED, FROM PHILADELPHIA, And now opening at D. RAPINE'S BOOKSTORE, CAPITOL HILL, DR. REES' NEW CYCLOPEDIA, VOL. I. PART II. Gentlemen who have patronized the work will please send for their copies. Entirely new to the Press of the Crown, 2 vols. Reports, vols. 3 and 6. Plowden's history of Ireland, 5 vols. The secret history of the Court and Cabinet of St. Cloud. Conversations on Chemistry, The Marine's Chronicle, being a collection of the most interesting narratives of shipwrecks, fires, famines, &c. vols. 1, and 2. And a great variety of other late and valuable publications, all which will be sold at reasonable prices. September 15—5t
PROPOSALS for opening, bridging and improving the road laid out under the direc- tion of the Secretary of War, between Nas- hville in Tennessee and Grindstone Ford on Pierre river in the Mississippi territory, will be received at the General Post Office until the 15th day of December next. For the convenience of contractors the road will be divided into three parts, and separate proposals received for each. 1st. From Nashville to the Tennessee river, 112 miles. 2nd. From Tennessee river to Loonachitto creek, a branch of the Big Black river, 113 miles. 3rd. From Loonachitto creek to Grindstone Ford, 155 miles.
NOTES. Note 1. The road is to be cleared of all trees logs and brush, twelve feet in width and made passable for a waggon. All streams not over forty feet wide are to be bridged, and the banks of other streams are to be levelled or sloped down so that they may be passable for a waggon. Note 2. The bridges are to be twelve feet broad supported by proper abutments, the bridge part to be composed of four pieces of timber not less than 10 inches in diameter at the smallest end, and covered with hewed logs whose original diameter was not less than 8 inches, the piers or supports of the bridge not to be more than twenty feet apart. Note 3. Some parts of the road will require caulwaying, these will be pointed out by the Post Master General's agent. The caulwaying is to be done with logs, 10 feet in length and not less than 6 or over 9 inches in diameter, each is to be thrown upon them to render them passable, and where the piers to be caulwayed are subject to be overflowed the caulway is to have a rider on each side keyed down by forked stakes or stones and gravel. Note 4. It is supposed that there is already a cleared waggon path on some part of the distance, no clearing is to be done where that is the case. The work is to be completed by the first day of October 1807. Reasonable ad- vances will be made at the commencement of the work, and the balance paid as soon as the work is completed. Mr. R. J. Meigs, and Mr. Thomas Wright are to de- cide whether it be executed conformable to contract.
Note 5. The proposals should state the price by the mile for clearing, the price by the yard in length for caulwaying, the price by the foot in length for the bridgework, and the price by the cubic yard for sloping or leveling the banks of watercourses. GIDEON GRANGER, Postmaster-general. Sept. 15—tawt15
W AS Committed to the jail of Montgo- mery county on the 11th day of August last past, a runaway, a mulatto man, who calls himself by the name of THOMAS CAMP- BELL , and says he is a freeman; he is about 33 years of age, 6 feet 2 inches high, his hair black and the one next it on the right side, and together, his clothing not worth deteriorating as he has been living in the country for upwards of two years, and has passed as a freeman and says that he was born free on the north fork of Holston river, in the state of Virginia—the above fellow will be sold out for his prison fees agreeably to law if not taken out by the owner if any. BENJAMIN RAY, Jun. Sheriff. September 15—3t
Was committed to the jail of Montgomery county on the 28th day of Au- gust last a young negro man who calls him- self by the name of JOHN , and says he is the property of James King of Prince George's county not far from Bladensburg. John is about 20 years of age, spare made, very black, about 5 feet 8 inches high; had on when committed an old wool hat, old straw shirt & jacket, and a pair of blue trowsers. The above described negro will be sold out for his prison fees agreeably to law, if not taken out by the owner. BENJAMIN RAY, Jun. Sheriff. September 15—3t
A FARM TO RENT. I have a farm in Montgomery county at the FALLS OF SENECU , on Potomac, 18 miles from George Town, which I will rent to good tenant on reasonable terms, for one or a term of years. JOSEPH FORRETT. City of Washington, September 5—3w
NOTICE. ALL those indebted to the firm of Bro- hawn and Byus will make immediate payment to Mr. SAMUEL SPEAKE , and all those having claims against the said firm will hand them in to Mr. Speake, who is fully authorized to settle the same. JOHN BROHAWN, Surviving partner of B. & Byus. Washington, September 17—3t
50 Dollars Reward. R ANAWAY from the subscriber, on the 20th ult. mulatto JOE . Joe is a stout well made dark mulatto fellow, 5 feet 9 or 10 inches high, about 30 years of age—has a large scar on his hands and body, lips a little. Had on and took with him, a tow linen shirt & trowsers, one pair of nankeen trowsers, also one old fustian coat and old fur hat much worn. Joe can write a tolerable good hand, & has run away before, when he was taken up & put in the Frederick town jail & sold out by George Creager in 1805. Any person tak- ing up said fellow, and securing him in any jail to that I get him again, shall receive if taken within the county, 20 dollars, and if out of the state the above reward. If brought home all reasonable charges will be paid by the subscriber living in Frederick county, Md. near New Market. SILVESTON BURGER. N. B. I forewarn all persons from harbor- ing or carrying off said fellow at their peril. P. S. Joe ran off in company with a fellow named Adam, and they were both lately ad- vertised together; since which Adam has been taken and secured in the jail of York, (Pa.) Joe went in the same direction, and will prob- ably make for Philadelphia, and endeavor to get on board some vessel and go to sea. Sept. 12—eptf
WANTED IMMEDIATELY. A s an apprentice to the Druggist bu- siness—an active lad, of about sixteen years of age—one who has some knowledge of the bu- siness, or who has been accustomed to attend in a store would be preferred. Enquire of the Printer. Sept. 15—tf
THE SUBSCRIBER HAS just supplied his shop in F street with a complete assortment of fresh Medicines & Drugs, among which are Spermaceti & Linseed oils— also Paints of every description. THOMAS PATTERSON. Washington city, June 23—tf
Sale of Valuable Property AT MY HOUSE. T HE Land which I have heretofore advertised and fully described, I now again offer on the same terms to the highest bidder on Monday the 22nd of next month, together with a valuable woman qualified for either house or field work, a well grown boy and a lusty girl, both of whom are able to do good work, and three young girls. The woman to serve 10 years, the boy until he is 31, and the girls to 30 years of age. These negroes will be sold for cash or negotiable notes at 60 days. Also a variety of household and kitchen furniture, plantation implements of husbandry, horned cattle, horses, sheep and hogs. For all sums of 30 dollars or under the cash must be paid. Above 30 dollars and not exceeding 50 dollars, a credit of 3 months will be given from 50 to 300 six months, from 300 to 1000, nine months, and for all above 1000 dollars 12 months, all on security with interest from the date. The sale to commence at 11 o'clock and continue from day to day till completed. GEO: LEE. Charles County, Aug. 20—tdof
LEONARD TOWN JOCKEY CLUB RACES. O N the 2nd Tuesday in October next, a PURSE of Forty Guineas will be run for over a handsome course—heats four miles, free for any horse, mare, or gelding, agree- able to the rules of the Club, & on the follow- ing day a Purse of 20 Guineas will be run for over same course, heats two miles, free as aforesaid, only excepting the winning horse of the preceding day. By order of the Club, E. J. MILLARD, Sec. Sept. 2—eptf
On a liberal credit. T HE subscriber will dispose of at private sale, his estate called Chichester, lying on the eastern branch, immediately opposite the city of Washington. This tract of land containing 697 acres is laid off in lots from 83 to 144 acres for the convenience of pur- chasers. Plats of the estate and the terms of sale are in the hands of colonel Hanlon at the navy yard, and Charles Wayman of George Town. The lots will be shown by Mr Wedden, living on the premises, near the Eastern Branch bridge. ANTHONY ADDISON. Barnaby, 12th June 1805—tf
TO RENT, THE COMMODOIOUS BRICK STORE near the CAPITOL , now in the occupation of Messrs. P. HEALY & Co. Possession to be given on the 1st of May. Enquire of Frederick May. March 28—tf
Lots in Washington for Sale. I will sell by public sale to the highest bidder at Rhode's tavern in the city of Washington on Wednesday the 1st of October next at 11 o'clock, A.M. LOTS numbers 13 and 14 in Square No. 321 in said city. These lots lie at a very little dis- tance from the Branch Bank. Six months credit will be given. The payment to be secured by notes negotiable at the bank of Columbia satisfactorily endorsed. JOHN MURDOCH. Georgetown, September 3—tdof
50 DOLLARS REWARD. STOLEN out of the subscriber's pasture in Loudoun county in the night of the 26th June, a bright BAY MARE with a bald face, the left hind foot white, the right hip a little lower than the other, a mark like a seam down the hoof of the right hind foot, and it is differ- ent in shape from the other; about 15 hands and 1-2 high, three years old last spring, a natural trotter, had on when she was taken three shoes. Whoever will apprehend the thief and secure the mare so that the owner may get her again, and the felon brought to conviction, shall have the above reward or for the mare only twenty five dollars and all reasonable charges. WILLIAM NICHOLS. Loudoun county, Vir. July 11—3m
CHARLES H. VARDEN, Merchant Taylor New Jersey Avenue, near the Capitol. RESPECTFULLY informs the gentlemen of the district of Columbia, that he has receiv- ed by late arrivals at Philadelphia from Lon- don, a fresh supply of the best superfine cloths, cashmeres, &c. with a choice assortment of plain nankeens, cotton cashmeres, India nan- keens, blue and yellow, fashionable Trafalgar white and fancy Mercilles, with a variety of other articles suitable for the summer. N. B. Ladies habits, regimentals, and navy uniforms made in the first fit of fashion. Richard Harwell's new invented patent elastic suspenders, which are far superior to any heretofore in use, can be had on the same terms as at his manufactory. June 23—tf
WHEREAS the commissioners of the Sinking fund, at a meeting held on the 28th day of April, 1806, did resolve, that the sum re- maining to complete the expenditure of the annual appropriation of eight millions of dollars, should among other purposes be ap- plied to the reimbursement of the navy six per cent. stock, created in pursuance of an act of Congress passed on the 30th day June, 1798 and to the reimbursement of the five and half per cent. stock, created in pursuance of an act of Congress, passed on the 3d day of March, 1795.
This is therefore to give notice, that the principal of the said navy six per cent. stock, with the interest due thereon, will on surren- der of the certificates, be paid on the 1st day of October next, ensuing the date hereof, to the respective stockholders or their lawful repre- sentatives or attorneys duly constituted and au- thorised, either at the Treasury, or at the Loan office, as the case may be, where credits have been given for the amount of stock, respec- tively held by them; and that the principal of the five and half per cent. stock, with the interest due thereon, will in like manner, and at the same places, be paid on the 1st day of January, 1807, to the respective stockholders, or their lawful representatives or attorneys duly constituted and authorised.
It is, further, made known, for the informa- tion of the parties concerned, that no transfers of the navy six per cent. stock, either from or to the books of the treasury, or from or to the books of a Commissioner of Loans, will be al- lowed after the 1st day of September ensuing, nor of the five and half per cent. stock, after the 1st day of December ensuing. And the interest on all certificates of said stocks, which shall not have been surrendered, in pursuance of this notification, will cease and determine, on the day preceding the day hereby fixed for the reimbursement thereof. ALBERT GALLATIN, Secretary of the Treasury. June 23—tf
Valuable Property, for SALE. T HE subscriber offers for sale the following very valuable property: About 1000 acres of good land in Culpepper county in Virginia, lying on Flat Run, and distant 30 miles from Frederickburg, and 60 from Alexandria and Washington. The im- provements are extensive, consisting of a large commodious dwelling house, and every other necessary building on an extensive scale, and all in order. The soil is calculated for the culture of Indian corn, wheat and tobacco and also produces grasses of all kinds. A three story brick house in the town of Alexandria, at the corner of King and Colum- bia Streets; 40 by 20 feet, now occupied by Mr. John Roberts. It is calculated either for a store or dwelling house; also, a valuable unimproved lot, in the same town, on King- street.
In the city of Washington, an elegant three story BRICK HOUSE , on F street, now in the occupation of Mr. Madison, with the framed building adjoining; a two story Erick House on M street fronting the Navy Yard, 34 by 22 feet, suited for both a store and dwelling; a two story Brick House , 34 by 22 feet, on square 221, lying between the Capitol and Navy Yard. The dwelling house and brewery now in lease to Dr. Coningham, two squares above the Navy Yard, on the Eastern branch, emin- ently calculated for a most extensive brewery and distillery; also, the valuable wharf on which the same stands, suited for a Lumber yard. The dwelling house I now live in, with five unimproved Lots adjoining, and an unim- proved Lot fronting the President's square. Terms, one third cash. For the balance will be given a credit of 6, 12 and 18 months, with interest; or will be taken for said bal- ance, lands in the Mississippi territory, in the vicinity of Natchez, or young negroes at a fair valuation. Should not the Virginia Lands be sold be- fore the 20th of October next, 700 acres of them will be offered for lease on good terms. Apply to Robert B. Voss, of Culpepper county, col. Geo. Denesle, of Alexandria, or to the subscriber in the city of Washington, near the navy yard. NICHOLAS VOSS. Sept. 3—1m
ELIAS B. CALDWELL, ATTORNEY AT LAW, HAS removed his Office, to the house lately occupied by Mr. Law, on Capitol Hill. Washington, July 26—tf
FOR SALE, AT Bath (Berkeley Springs) Virginia, a HOUSE & LOT thereto belonging (see the property of Thomas Palmer, deceased.) The premises are calculated for a genteel family, or would make an excellent Boarding house, having thereon a smoke house, coach house and stables, with a garden laid out with much taste and included with a good board fence. Also near the town, are for sale, SEVEN acres of LAND, inclosed with a stone wall. The whole will be sold very low, or ex- changed for property in or near any of the large towns or cities. Apply to John Davidson, Washington city, or to Wm. Alexander, esq. Bath, aforesaid. Note.—If not sold, it will be let for the season. April 16—tf
STELLE'S HOTEL & CITY TAVERN. T HE Subscriber takes this method of thanking his friends and the public for their favors whilst on the Capitol square and begs leave to acquaint them that he has taken the Spacious Hotel lately erected by Mr. Carroll , near the Capitol. The hotel being above one hundred feet in front, and containing fifty rooms enables the subscriber to offer every accommodation to members of Congress and travellers which can be expected in a public house. PONTIUS D. STELLE. Washington City, March 25—tf N. B.—P. D. S. will rent the house lately occupied by him on the adjoining square.
350 DOLLARS REWARD. E LOPED from the subscriber, residing in Washington, District of Columbia in 1800, a black man named BASSEL , of a dark com- plexion, about 5 feet 8 or 9 inches high, a remarkable wen on his forehead, and has had the first joint of his left fore finger cut off, he is about 50 years old, and has worked at the ship carpenter's and caulker's business, as also at the house carpenter's and wheelwright's business. Also, in November 1805, two ne- gro slaves, named PETER and GERARD ; Peter is of a light complexion, approaching a mulatto, long wool, about 6 feet high, 22 years old, and works as a laborer. Gerard is ra- ther of a light complexion, short wool, re- markable thick ankles, about 5 feet 10 inches high, and a blacksmith by profession. I will give 100 dollars each, for the above mention- ed negroes, if confined in any jail so that I get them again. Also, on the 13th of August 1806, a negro woman named KEZZIAH , a- ged about 24 years, 5 feet 6 inches high, and of a light complexion, but not mulatto, she took with her several pieces of wearing appa- rel, among which are recollected a black luteceing habit, and also a light ground calli- co; she carried off with her an only child named Hanlon , a boy about three years old, well grown and remarkable for a protuber- ance on his navel, it is supposed she will dress him either in an old straw frock, or in a red flannel jacket and pantalettes. I will give 50 dollars reward for the above mentioned ne- gro woman, if confined in any jail so that I get her again, and will pay all reasonable charges if brought home. ROBERT ALEXANDER. Sept. 3d—3w2p
N. B. It is supposed they all have forged certificates of freedom, therefore all masters of vessels and others are warned not to harbor or carry them off. ** The Editors of the Aurora , Citizen , and Independent Chronicle , are re- quested to insert the foregoing adver- tisement three times in their respective papers, and to transmit their accounts to the Editor of the National Intelli- gencer for settlement.
A FACT. T HOSE indebted to me must make imme- diate payment, as I am determined to close my books finally, and all accounts which are not settled in a very short time will be put in a way for collection. Finding it very un- pleasant, and troublesome to make collections, that for the future I sell for CASH only, which will be much more to my satisfaction, and give me the pleasure to do business quick, and twenty per cent. lower than any person who sells on a credit. shall have for sale a handsome assortment of fashionable, substantial and fashionable goods; and be giving the best prices Cash for Tobacco inspected in this place. ROMULUS RIGGS. George Town, August 15—ep6w
60 DOLLARS REWARD. R ANAWAY from the subscriber living in Prince George's county on Sunday the 29th inst. the three following slaves—a mulatto young man who calls himself BILL STEW- ART , he was born at Montgomery court house, was once the property of Honore Martin, was purchased of him by the late Rich. Cause who sold him to me; he is a likely well made fellow about 21 years of age, 5 feet 10 inches high, his hands and feet are large; the evening before he absconded he had his hair cut close; he had with him a variety of clothing, viz. blue coat and oversalls, one light colored bearskin coat and oversalls, 2 swandown waistcoats, 3 fine Irish linen shirts and some coarse shirts, three muslin neckcloths, a fine hat, price 7 dollars; he took away a prayer book, in the first page of which is written Mary Duckett. JOB who calls himself JOE Grimes, alias Graham, and HARRY , both young negro men about 21 years of age—the clothing of these cannot be described. Joe has one of his arms broken near the wrist, which makes it longer than the other; when he is spoken to he speaks fast as if his tongue was too large for his mouth. Harry, I am informed, has seve- ral large scars on his body and one of his thighs occasioned by burns when he was young. The above reward will be paid for confining the three in jail, or 50 dollars for confining Bill in jail so that I get him again. WALTER BOWIE. July 7—2awtf
SAMUEL VAIL, & Co. SUBMIT TO THE PUBLIC THE FOL- LOWING PROPOSALS, FOR PUBLISHING AT ST. LOUIS, IN THE LOUISIANA TERRITORY, A WEEKLY NEWSPAPER MISSOURI CORRESPONDENT, AND ILLINOIS GAZETTE.
P REFATORY to undertaking the Editorial labors of a Newspaper, we presume to offer the following remarks:
While the United States by their rapid pro- gress in population, agriculture, commerce and the arts, are becoming every day more and more powerful and opulent, the limits of our western settlements are widely extending themselves far beyond our ancient boundaries, even to a very great length into our newly acquired territories, beyond the utmost expec- tation of the most sanguine of our fellow- citizens. Since the important acquisition of Louisiana, comprising a tract of the finest country on the face of the globe—embracing almost every climate between the north and south poles—a tract of country more extensive than all the United States besides, and capable of affording subsistence to more people than all the continent of Europe; with all the necessa- ries, and almost all the luxuries that can possibly be conceived of. We consider this rational anticipation, entirely unconnected with any thing prophetic or visionary. There are other considerations which operate pow- erfully upon our minds, and tend absolutely to induce in us a belief, of the growing con- sequence of the region in question; the citizens of which have a guarantee of all the rights of the citizens of the United States in the constitution; and equally entitled to enjoy the rights and security of life, liberty, proper- ty, and reputation, as well from the tyranny of any foreign nation, as from Indian war. Although far removed from the present greatest population of the United States, by the compact of federal union, the physical force and power of the nation must be extended to the government and people, for their pro- tection forever, or at least so long as the union exists. In this view of the subject we are compelled to believe, that the period is not far distant, when the face of this healthy and beautiful country, will be covered with a summer population, and that seminaries of learning will appear throughout the whole— so that the arts and sciences may find their way thither, without the trouble, labor and expense, of importation from abroad. It is believed that no country has yet been discover- ed, which affords such great temptations to emigrants from the old settled states and for- eign countries, as the one of which we are now speaking.
The MISSOURI CORRESPONDENT & ILLINOIS GAZETTE , will always be open for the exposition of public measures. In the discussion of local questions, the Editors will know no party, but will give place to all essays that are couched in decent and correct language. Its columns will contain a summary of the acts and proceedings of Congress during and after their session; and the proceedings of the Legislatures of Louisiana and Indiana territories in detail—together with a due por- tion of political, historical, philosophical, mor- al, poetical and amusing essays. Ever mindful of the respect due to a Gad- zetta intended for circulation among a nume- rous, virtuous and independent people, whose generous patronage we hope to merit and receive—in return for which, it will be our endeavor to become a useful member of the community, and cultivate a friendly inter- course with all our patrons.
We shall always in an independent manner keep in mind our constitutional guarantee— the Liberty of the Press—remembering, too, at the same time that the great Montesquieu in his Spirit of Laws has declared, that, "Liberty ty without control is licentiousness."
CONDITIONS.
1. It shall be printed weekly on the day which shall be found best adapted, to the purpose of affording the earliest intelligence, and the most speedy distribution of the papers. 2. It shall be printed on a royal sheet, in folio, and on a good type. 3. Subscriptions; price THREE DOLLARS per annum paid in advance, or promissory notes for Four Dollars at the expiration of the year. 4. Advertisements of no more length than breadth, will be inserted three weeks, for one dollar and fifty cents "for each continuance, thirty seven and a half cents—Those who with their advertisements in the French lan- guage, will be accommodated.
FOR SALE, That valuable tract of Land belonging to the estate of the late Richard Henderson, laying in Prince George's county on the Eastern Branch of Potomac and nearly adjoining the town of Bladensburg containing about 500 acres—this land is well watered, lays level and is productive, from 15 to 20 acres is now in good timothy meadow, and a much larger quantity of rich marsh may be brought into this state, the wood land is thriving and abundant for the support of the farm. Its vicinity to the city of Washington & George- town and laying on tide water, makes it de- sirable estate. One fourth of the purchase money will be required in hand, the payment of the balance will be made easy. Mr. Joseph Wilson who lives on the land, will show it to any person who may wish to view the same. JAMES LINGAN, } Executors of JOHN HENDERSON, } R. Henderson. August 20—4awtf
TO RENT, On very low terms, FOUR con- venient two story brick DWELLING HOUSES directly south of the Six Buildings. Apply to T. H. GILLISS, Washington city, Aug. 15—wtf