The national intelligencer and Washington advertiser. (Washington City [D.C.]), 1809-10-11 00:00:00

National Intelligencer.
WASHINGTON ADVERTISER.
VOL. IX.
WASHINGTON CITY, PRINTED BY SAMUEL HARRISON SMITH, PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE.
No. 1403.
FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM.
WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 11, 1809.
PAID IN ADVANCE.
A Memoir on the subject of a Navigation Act, including the encouragement of the manufacture of boats and sea vessels, and the protection of mariners.
The commencement, progress, magnitude and prospects of the mercantile shipping of the United States.
A recurrence to the ancient writings, which relate to the colonial establishments in North America, will prove to the candid and judicious examiner, that the founders of those provinces, of whatever nation, which now compose the United States, took, for the time, very enlarged and prospective views of political economy.
In the course of that steady progress to the present happy condition, which a beneficent Providence has dispensed to us, the fathers of our country and its attentive observers beyond the Atlantic, have constantly agitated the interesting subject of the political economy of the new world.
From the birth of this country till the memorable epocha of '76, its political economy was modified by the hand of a jealous, interested and powerful brother. It was forgotten, or rather, perhaps, amidst a cloud of passions, not perceived, that each of the American sections was, at strict constitutional and public law, and in substantial justice, a genuine co-ordinate state of a federated empire—united only by means of one common executive government—the small as independent of the great, as the great of the small members of that mixed monarchical union.
Under these circumstances, the people of this country constantly observed, considered and judged well, in matters relating to their political economy. Their complaints against the evils, touching that object, imposed upon them by the elder members of the family, were founded in true wisdom, as well as substantial justice.
The public necessities, in the revolutionary war, entirely suspended the practical reference to the right theory on this subject; but there are many evidences of a serious attention to that theory, among the public acts and dispositions of those times.
No sooner had peace removed the occasion of this wise temporary suspension, than the legislators of the several states, the framers of all commercial laws at that time, commenced measures for the permanent establishment of a system of political economy. It is true that these laws were imperfect, and often faulty, from the conflicting efforts of agricultural, commercial and manufacturing, and of eastern, middle, southern, Atlantic and western economists; from resentments and partialities in respect to foreign powers; and, above all, from the exercise of duties concerning national and extra-territorial objects, by worthy, but zealous representatives of the interests of towns and counties, or, in other words, for want of powers in the general government of that time.
A memorable evidence of the convictions of some of the most able, enlightened and affectionate fathers of our country, upon this subject, will be found in the salutary and auspicious proceedings of the legislature of Virginia, in their spring session of 1786, which produced the commercial convention at the city of Annapolis in the following autumn, the federal convention of 1787, and our present invaluable national constitution. This precious instrument, which has not yet received any amendment of its powers in relation to commerce, is predicated on the propriety, utility and necessity of a system of trade laws, founded on correct and fixed principles.
In digesting laws, for that branch of our political economy, which comprehends external commerce and navigation, the coasting trade and the fisheries, the United States will find themselves instructed, by the experience of a quarter of a century, as a country in peace, during the last sixteen years of which they have been in a state of neutrality. Man and precious, it is believed, are the lessons which our statesmen may derive from that extraordinary time.
It is ascertained, that the construction and employment of sea vessels are generally profitable occupations; that they are necessary to agriculture and defence, and beneficial, and indeed requisite, to manufactures.
It will be remembered, that these
occupations were commenced in the early stages of our existence, grew with our prosperity, contributed largely to its increase, and have risen sometimes in a natural, steady and regular manner, and sometimes with surprising rapidity, to a greater height than those of any other country, in proportion to our wealth and numbers, proving at once the fitness of the territories and products of the United States, and the capacities of their citizens for ship building, fishing, trade and navigation.
It is a truth which ought to be most accurately appreciated, that a very large part of our recent benefits from commerce, have been produced by the wars that have arisen out of the French revolutions, of which the neutrality of our country has enabled us greatly to profit; and we ought carefully to remember, that the earliest French revolution having affected the years '88, and '89, in the time of the meeting of the notables, and of their first colonial disturbances, the whole of our commerce under the existing constitution of the United States, may be considered as that of a fortunate neutral, whose field of employment was at first enlarged, and afterwards constantly extended by the increase of the number of the belligerents, till at length it included all the civilized and commercial states, except ourselves.
If we compare the immense present tonnage of our private ships, with the greatest exports of our own produce and manufactures, and if we consider the moderate quantities of foreign commodities, which, in a season of peace, we ever have, or are ever likely to be permitted to carry for other nations, we may safely conclude, that our merchants and ship-builders can provide for the transportation of all our merchandise, foreign and American, to transmarine markets. The same facts will further prove that, if we could have the monopoly of our own trade, it would not employ the vessels we build and own. It is, therefore, too probable, that, on the return of peace, our present vast property in ships, worth, perhaps, fifty millions of dollars, will languish in our hands. At least, the noble manufacture of ships is likely to be arrested in a very inconvenient degree.
It is prudent to remember the severe trials to all, who were concerned in the construction and employment of ships, which were ingeniously and effectually created by the enforcement of the old, and the formation of new laws of navigation by the European states, in the six distressing years which preceded the adoption of the federal constitution. Those serious times clearly prove to the anxious and enlightened friends of American trade, that our present tonnage will induce similar distresses, unhappily proportioned to its vast increase, unless the wisdom and goodness of a parental government shall save us from the evils which may come. An ambitious navy has become a favorite object throughout Europe, and it is now everywhere perfectly understood, that private ships are the cradles of the marine nursery. Ingenuity and rigor, even beyond those of former times, must be expected to distinguish the formation and execution of foreign navigation laws. The unfavorable effects of such obvious measures, on the builders and owners of American ships, will be sure. Seriously forewarned by past times, and by the clear prospect of those to come, the faithful citizen of the United States turns with an affectionate confidence towards his own government for measures of effectual and timely provision against avoidable distress. The mercantile shipping of the United States are the vehicles to transport the produce of the land to foreign markets, and to import the supplies of the people and government. If our merchants and ship builders should be exposed to ruin by a bad system of political economy, the owners and cultivators of the American soil will surely and deeply suffer with them.
If foreign governments would agree to the universal freedom of trade, this country would be required, by prudence and by justice to the mass of its citizens, to make the experiment of such a state of things. Our government, in that case, might say to the merchants, seamen and ship builders, the field of competition lies open before you. But the state of things is very different. Foreign nations are all now jealous and intelligent rivals, and will become unfeeling monopolizers,
if they can null, deceive or coerce their improvident neighbors.
If we consider the history of our own commerce, and that of ancient nations, if we duly appreciate the utility of navigation and trade to the prosperity of agriculture and manufactures, and particularly if we reflect on the commercial avidity which has distinguished the commencement of the nineteenth century, we shall not probably fail to be convinced, that a wise system of laws to support trade and mercantile manufactures, digested in the form of a navigation act, has really become absolutely necessary.
It is respectfully suggested, that the most salutary measure, which can be adopted, will probably be the immediate commitment of this important subject for deliberate and profound investigation. But though it will be necessary to await, with respect, the result of such an examination, it may be useful, here, to display, by a few examples, the nature of the provisions, which existing evils and impending dangers seem to require.
Suggestions in relation to a navigation act, respectfully submitted to the public judgment.
Foreign colonial principles, incorrectly applied to the most forcible and unjust usurpations by the sword, as well as to scenes populated by national migration, are often used in treaties and statutes, to deprive the United States of profitable and fair reciprocity of trade with eight tenths of the subjects of a foreign power, while our territorial districts (our genuine and valuable colonies) and a precious acquisition by fair and costly purchase, are equally open to those, who have and those who have not colonies: to those who exclude us from, and those, who admit us into their colonial establishments. Some nations refuse a participation in the carriage of our own produce to their colonies, and they escape the countervailing justice of an export duty, because our constitution forbids that imposition. The returns for these exports are often made in distilled spirits, from the freight of which we are also excluded, though they interfere with the produce of our orchards, and with those breweries and distilleries, which support the prices of our grain and fruit. These foreign spirits also interfere with the profits of our vast importation of molasses in our own vessels. It is respectfully submitted as a provision fit for insertion in a permanent system of commercial laws, that an additional duty be laid upon fermented and distilled liquors, and all materials for the manufacture thereof, imported in foreign vessels, from ports or countries into which our vessels are not permitted by permanent laws, to enter, for a participation in such trade, and for which commodities they may not carry funds, either in cash or in the produce of the United States. If we gain the just reciprocity, our ship-wrights and merchants will feel the benefit; if not, our landed interest and our traders in distilled spirits, wines and molasses with more liberal powers, will gain considerable advantages. A foreign monopoly, extinguishable by our laws, will be excluded from our country.—
As an evidence of the extreme injustice of foreign law, and treaties in this respect, it may be correctly stated, that the manufactures of our principal supplier consumed by us, and in which we participate the carriage, would not fill three thousand hogsheads, while the monopolized freight of the rum of their colonies is actually paid on thirty thousand.
An excluding duty upon all the produce of the foreign fisheries, belonging to governments which so duty or exclude ours, would favor the fishing and coasting trades, and ship-building, and would occasion a demand on our agriculture for substitutes, in the shape of pickled and salted provisions.
An abolition of all the present duties on mercantile vessels (to place them on a footing with working wagons) is respectfully suggested, ships being the vehicles for our produce, as much as carriages. But, as foreign nations may continue to impose duties and light-money on our vessels, provisions of law to collect equivalent duties from them, might be made. These, it is believed, would produce a fund sufficient for the expenses of the establishments for the direction and
safety of shipping. But, if they should not, then the ordinary impost would be a just fund. For, it is fitter to include this actual charge of importation, like the rest, in the price of the commodity, than to demand the same tonnage from an American manufactured ship in ballast, as is paid by a ship with a rich cargo of foreign manufactures and produce. It seems to be a different spirit which solicits an abstinence from duty on working & even on pleasure carriages, imposing the road tax upon the persons and property of the poor and the rich; and which asks a tonnage duty from the builder and owner of the greatest vehicle of our country produce.
It would be a very familiar, safe, wise and just provision of law to declare no foreign ship shall bring to us the produce of any country but its own, unless its government grants to our vessels, with entire good faith, the privilege of carrying to their ports the produce of foreign countries, as freely as to their own ships. The subject of this suggestion is conceived to be of primary importance.
The immediate exclusion of cotton yarn from all countries, and the gradual exclusion of low-priced cotton manufactures, from countries, which do not consume our cotton wool, would occasion the small freight which those goods afford us, to be exchanged for the freight on our own cotton, exported to make such goods abroad, and the freight of the goods, so manufactured, back to this country. The increased consumption of our own cotton would benefit agriculture, as well as commerce. This occurs to a great extent in the East India trade. It would be perfectly easy and more advantageous on the whole, to lade our India vessels with sugar, coffee, spices, teas, silks, porcelain, saltpetre and some other commodities, than with goods made of foreign rival cotton. It is conceived, however, that China ought to form an exception, as that country treats us with perfect reciprocity and justice.
An alien duty is laid upon the mercantile transactions of our citizens in some countries. An extra duty of one per cent. on all dutied manufactures from the dominions of such powers might yield an indemnity, or produce an abolition of these invidious impositions.
Some countries exclude all our manufactures. Others admit them. We receive all. An extraordinary impost, on the least liberal, is a duty to the most liberal and to ourselves. This would be the more just, because, while our manufactures and products are rejected by some countries, they receive the same kind of goods from other friendly nations.
A duty is respectfully suggested of two and one half per cent. upon all goods, wares and merchandise on board any vessel of the U. S. from which a passenger or contracted seaman shall be impressed, which goods shall be the property of a subject or citizen of the impressing power. A duty is also suggested, to be made payable in six months after the end of every calendar year, on all the dutied manufactures of every foreign nation, unless it shall be officially declared by the Secretary of State, within the month preceding the time of payment, that no fact of the nature of an impressment has been committed, during the said calendar year of importation, on board of any ship or vessel of the U. S. States, and remains uncompensated and unremedied, to the best of his knowledge. From these duties we might except cotton goods from Europe, as generally made of our own produce. If it be thought a delicate operation, thus to deal with foreign nations, it is no less delicate any longer to endure violations of the personal rights of American citizens, and of the flag of the U. S. States. We do not impress out of any foreign ship. No foreign government would suffer the practice at our hands.
It would greatly encourage the carrying trade and ship-building (as well as manufactures, and the improvement and cultivation of our lands), if iron were to be made a free commodity; and if a duty fully equal to, or even greater than that on iron were laid on foreign manufactures of that material. More than half our bar iron is said to be imported. Foreign and American artists and improvements, in the metal branches, abound in the U. S. States. The raw material is really wanted. The consumption would be quickly increased by the spring, which would
be given to the iron manufacture. The iron masters would not lose their profits, since it would only be a change of duty. The great mercantile manufactures of sea vessels is favorably affected by the abundance of iron, and the number of iron manufacturers. We exempt raw hides and skins from duty, to encourage the leather manufactures; though foreign skins interfere with the produce of every farm. This aid or rather relief to ship building, the fisheries and carrying trade, would be substantial, safe and just, yet it could not excite jealousy, or a disposition to countervailing duties on the part of foreign governments—a circumstance always worthy of attention. Cheap ships, as vehicles of our produce and supplies, are as important to the planters, farmers and government, as cheap wagons. Greater fortunes have been made by iron works on a medium, than can be expected by building and owning vessels henceforth. The latter occupations are more likely to want the aid of a fair and judicious economy; than the former, and the persons engaged in them are much more numerous than the iron masters. It is conceived that the common and approved principle of exempting raw materials from duty, is in no case more fairly applied than it would be in respect to iron.
The exemption of hemp and flax from impost, and raising the duties on all the manufactures of hemp and flax would also encourage the building and employment of ships, and give a spring to those manufactures in the U. S. States, which would probably occasion the freedom of the two raw materials not to be injurious. Many of the reasons which arise on the subject of iron, occur in respect to hemp and flax. The carriage by sea of these two commodities, would employ many vessels. In every case of the encouragement of mercantile manufactures (and of all others), the consumption and employment of grain, flour, meat, beer, cider, distilled spirits, horses, working oxen, building materials and fuel, which are all drawn from our lands, would give an extension to the markets of the farmers, greater than that which arises from the production of the raw material.
It is considered, that an experience of years has furnished evidence of the expediency of our laws respecting foreign interposition in the coasting trade; yet a deliberate revision of them, for the purpose of adopting similar or suitable provisions in a new act of navigation, would be a very interesting part of the proposed measure. The coasting trade of G. Britain steadily employs more tonnage and seamen than any other branch of their great commerce, though they possess colonies and dominions in the four quarters of the world. As we have not any transmarine establishments, this branch of navigation is the more important. The purchase of Louisiana has greatly increased our coasting trade.
This brief and imperfect memoir is only intended as a respectful effort to bring into early consideration a wise and equitable system of statutable provisions for the promotion of our navigation, commerce and fisheries, and for the protection of our seamen and mercantile flag. The general nature of the suggested measure will be sufficiently indicated by the principles, facts and observations which are here submitted. The wisdom of the legislative and executive government, in constitutional concert, in this as in all other cases, will decide on the expediency, the necessity and the various modifications of the national laws.
From a London Paper.
THE FINE ARTS.
Yesterday the scaffolding and awning were removed from the Statue erected in Russell square, in honor of the late Duke of Bedford. Many friends of the Duke, and lovers of sculpture attended; the effect produced on the spectators was a lively admiration of the performance, mingled with emotions of regret for the loss of a nobleman who delighted in promoting the good of his country. The statue is colossal; the attitude well chosen, graceful and manly; the folds of drapery are ample yet sufficiently detailed. His grace reposes one arm on a plough, the left hand holds the gifts of Ceres, conforming with the general plan of a monument intended to mark the Duke's patronage for Agricultural pursuits. Spring.

Summer, Autumn and Winter, personified in the endearing semblance of children, play round the feet of the statue, whose gigantic magnitude seems augmented by the contrast. The pedestal, in embellishments and size, is well adapted to the purposes of illustration and strength; to the four corners are attached bull's heads in a very high relief, the cavity immediately beneath the upper moulding is adorned with herds of cattle in recumbent posture; on the curved sides are rural subjects in basso-relievo, the first represents the preparation for the ploughman's dinner; the husbandman, wife on her knees, attends the culinary department; a youth sounding a horn, two rustics, and a team of oxen at rest, finish the group. The second composition is made up of reapers and gleaners variously employed; the young woman in the centre is delineated with the comeliness and grace of a village favorite. These enrichments, the four seasons, and the statue of the Duke, are all cast in bronze, and so very successfully, that, with the finish of high finishing, they preserve the spirit of an original model.
The massy material of the pedestal is Scotch granite and together with the superstructure measures from the level ground to the summit of the monument, twenty-seven feet. The principal figure is nine feet high.
Something Marvellous.
The shark said to be caught in Watney Channel, with a pair of buckskin breeches, a man's hand, and a diamond ring, in his belly, reminds us of an account of an enormous whale said to be stranded off Flamborough Head, in the year 1559, in a state of dreadful exhaustion, with a church steeple sticking out of his mouth. On cutting up the sacrosanct monster, which could not be performed so quickly as to prevent his convulsions from setting all the bells a ringing, the whole congregation were found in the body of the church, inclosed in the stomach of the Leviathan, in the very act of singing psalms, and the parson in the vestry, taking a glass of wine before sermon!!! We think, whatever may be the extent of the "historical doubts" of some men, they who think the Watney account credible, are bound to believe the Flamborough anecdote, which comes down to us covered with the venerable cloak of antiquity.
London Paper.
From a London Paper.
Swift Travelling. —The following performance of swift travelling, appears to set every competition of modern Jehuism at defiance; it is copied verbatim from a scarce book, entitled "The Abridgement of the English Chronicle," by Edmond Howes, imprinted at London, 1618, (15th James Ist.)
"Master Lepton's swift journey between London and York."
"In this moneth, John Lepton, of Kepwick, in the county of Yorke, Esquire, a gentleman of an ancient family there, and of good reputation, his Majesties servant, and one of the groomes of his most honorable privy chamber, performed so memorable a journey as I may not omit to record the same to future ages, the rather for that I did heare sundry gentlemen who were good horsemen, and likewise many good physicians, affirm it was impossible to be done without danger of his life."
"He undertook to ride five several times betwixt London and Yorke*, in five days, to be taken in one weeke, between Monday morning and Saturday following; he began his journey upon Monday, being the 29th of May, betwixt two and three of the clock in the morning, went forth of S. Martin's neere Aldersgate, within the city of London, and came into Yorke the same day, betwixt the hours of five and six in the afternoon, where he rested that night: the next morning, being Tuesday, about three of the clocke, he took his journey for Yorke, and came to his lodgings in S. Martin's aforesaid betwixt the hours of six and seven in the afternoon, where he rested that night: the next morning, being Wednesday, betwixt two and three of the clocke, he took his journey for the city of London, and came into Yorke about seven of the clocke the same day, where he rested that night: the next morning, being Thursday, betwixt two and three of the clocke in the afternoon, he took his journey for Yorke, and came to London the same day, betwixt seven and eight of the clocke: the next day being Friday, betwixt two & three of the clocke, he took his journey towards Yorke & arrived the same day, betwixt the hours of 7 and 8 in afternoon, so as he finished his appointed journey (to the admiration of all men) in five days according to his promise: and upon Monday the 27th of this moneth, he went from Yorke and came to the court of G. C. at which upon Tuesday the 28th to his majesty
in as fresh and cheerful a manner as when he began."
* Yorke is 197 miles from London.
WASHINGTON CITY.
WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 11.
On the impropriety of English and French restrictions on trade. —There can be no doubt but that both G. Britain and France have acted with the utmost impolicy in the restrictions imposed by them severally on commerce. A nation so ascendant as Britain in naval strength, in manufactures and commerce, would have best advanced her interests by removing every shackle to the freedom of trade. In this way the greatest demand would have been created for her goods and ships, which would, in all human probability, have been increased by the activity of our competition. Our habits as well as ambition made us so decidedly an agricultural nation, that it may be assumed as certain, that we should for a century at least have principally employed our resources in that occupation, but for the trammels unjustly imposed by foreign nations; in consequence of which we should have raised a larger surplus of raw materials and consumed a larger portion of British manufactures. Let us dwell for a few minutes on this topic, and estimate the probable gain of G. Britain by an adherence to such a policy. In the year 1790 there were imported into and consumed in the U. S. foreign commodities to the amount of sixteen millions of dollars. In the year 1800 the amount rose to thirty-four millions; since this period the increase has risen in an equal ratio. From these data it might, perhaps, be safe to conclude that the quantity of foreign goods consumed in the U. S. would double in every ten years, which would in twenty years produce a fourfold consumption. As, however, our consumption in a great measure depends on our ability, and as our ability has been very much increased by the peculiar state of Europe, which during the last sixteen years has considerably augmented the demand for our raw materials, we shall only assume the duplication of the consumption of foreign goods in twenty years. Of the aggregate of foreign goods consumed we know that more than a half come from England and her dependencies. We shall in our estimate take them at only one half. The following statement will present the prospective results for a century.
Consumption of British commodities in the U. States:
 In 1800— 17,000,000  1820— 34,000,000  1840— 68,000,000  1860— 136,000,000  1880— 272,000,000  1900— 544,000,000 
Minds unaccustomed to economical investigations will be startled at these results, and may perhaps laugh at them as visionary. But when, on a patient examination, they shall find that in the year 1900 our population will be equal to one hundred millions, that the land in cultivation will be at least four hundred millions, and the total consumption of the American people exceed 10,000,000,000 dolls. in value, and that, consequently the British commodities consumed here, large as they are represented, will not surpass a twentieth part of the aggregate consumption; all astonishment will cease.
Such, then, is the proud attitude in which the British government might have placed the British nation by adopting, and adhering to a just and liberal policy as to us. Had she, by the fortune of war, have been deprived of all her colonies, and of the vast field which she might elsewhere have found for her enterprise, still, possessed of our good will and custom, she would have insured to herself the ingredients of a steady and rapid progress in wealth, numbers and power. By such a policy she would have become the permanent store-house of mankind; she would have conciliated the regard of a nation, which will indisputably a century hence be the most powerful on the face of the globe; and she would have been the constant pacificator of a troubled world. How different her career from that which she is now pursuing, and is too likely to pursue in future.
Now, she is not only a party to every war in Europe, but she is the author of many wars, which, but for her, would never occur. Now, the flagrant injustice with which she despotises on the ocean has enlisted almost the whole world against her, and furnished the powerful pretext of not the actual reaver by which Napoleon subverts empires at pleasure. Now, in short, she is generally looked upon as inimical to the opulence and power of every maritime state, many of which will, doubtless, seize the first favorable moment for retaliation and vengeance.
On the contrary, had she pursued the plain, honest, and enlightened policy we have pointed out, how differ-
ent her present situation, and her future prospects! She would have been in the enjoyment of a profound peace, unmenaced by disturbance; and instead of being the instigator, have been the beneficent mediator of the differences of surrounding and distant nations. Her justice on the ocean would have strengthened her power on that element, by uniting all the minor powers to her, and by totally depriving the emperor of the French of his only plausible argument for extending his conquests. Viewed as the enlightened friend of the just opulence and power of other states she would by her conduct most powerfully have inculcated the indispensable truth, that the permanent prosperity and true glory of one state, however ascendant in power, or rich in native resources, are only placed on a durable foundation, by respecting the rights and interests of others.
(To be Continued.)
Travellers will do well in the present depreciated state of Bank Notes in several parts of New England to be cautious in receiving them, as in some instances they may not be able to part with them, except to a great loss.
COMMUNICATION.
The recent changes of the popular sentiment, in Vermont and in Maryland, are evidences of the probity of the republican administration; and furnish proofs that honesty in politics is better calculated to insure the duration of power than intrigue and corruption.
1st. Those changes are evidences of probity; because, they are the unbiased verdict of a respectable and enlightened portion of the people, (after hearing an ample discussion of political questions,) in favor of the present rulers, who are of the same complexion as when Mr. Jefferson was President.
2d. They are proofs that honesty is the best policy; because, after a period of more than eight years, though assailed in every possible shape both externally and internally, the administration is as strong as ever it was, and likely to be still stronger.
These reflections are consoling to good patriots; and exhilarating to every true son of the country.
MARYLAND ELECTION.
SOMERSET COUNTY.
 Federal. Republican.  Thomas Baillie 1185 J. Poik 319  L. Winder 1451 P. Dashiell 229  John Gale 1149 J. Wilkens 461  John Cottman 1183 L. Jones 85 
WORCESTER COUNTY.
 Republican. Federal.  J. Prideaux 1063 E. K. Wilson 1046  W. Quinton 1061 G. Hayward 1043  Z. Sturgiss 1033 T. N. Williams 1030  J. Williams 934 J. Holland 1010  J. Bennet 39 
FOR THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER.
THE NEW WORLD.
No. III.
An enquiry into the National Character of the People of the United States of America.
We have seen that the illustrious discoverers of America were enterprising natives of distinguished Italy—of Genoa, of Tuscany and of Venice. The settlements on the northern section of this continent, which were within the limits of our present dominions, or may be considered as near enough to have influenced our character, were made under the auspices of various European powers, and were originally composed of their citizens and subjects. In the course of our growth through infancy and youth to our present manhood, migration to America has taken a much wider range. We have seen, we have felt the influence of the minds, the hearts, the manners, and the habits of man from every civilized society, and every church. Let us calmly revise the facts, which relate to our settlements, and to our constant accessions of people from abroad!
The establishment of stations for settlement and commerce was commenced by the French in the provinces of Canada and Acadia or Nova Scotia in 1605 and 1611. The discovery of Louisiana in 1541 was followed at later periods by considerable French migrations. These two colonial establishments of France became incorporated with the American states of our late empire by the treaty of Paris in 1763. Many of the Acadians were transferred by England into our provinces. At the peace of 1763, Canadians came into our country as permanent citizens, and Americans passed over to settle in the two Canadas. The French revocation of their edict of Nantes had scattered the followers of Calvin, under the name of Huguenots, over the face of our country. The names of Jay, Boutet and of Laurens, clearly descended from that stock, will be found on the short list of our Presidents of Congress in the first ten years of our revolutionary history.
The names of Jay, Gaillard, Bowdoin, De Lancey and others, are on the list of the governors in the times of the provinces and of the common-wealths. They appear often as members of our legislatures, and as ministers and officers of various religious societies and guardians of our seminaries of learning in many of the states. As the French have always rejected the preference of the eldest son in the disposition of intestate property, as these French sought this country to preserve the rights of conscience, as they introduced a number of valuable books, and their modes of business, education, and worship, it cannot be supposed that they have not contributed to form the actual character of the existing American people. In the rejection of all things, which interfere with the rights of conscience, in the rejection of the rights of primogeniture, and in the rejection of the commerce in the human species, the descendants of the French in united America have manifested the general characteristics of our free nation.
The Swedish and Danish blended settlements within our present dominions were early and considerable for that time. They purchased of the Indians all the country, on both sides of the Delaware, calling it the New Sweden Stream, and made settlements on both shores of that river and of its extensive bay. They scattered themselves on the various streams which the Delaware receives. The states of New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Delaware, contain a number of Swedish churches, with ministers derived from that episcopacy, at this day. They are very similar to the other members of the Lutheran church in these states. The ground plot of the city and liberties of Philadelphia were compromised, in part, with the Swedish settlers by William Penn. The ancient town of New Castle on Delaware was founded by the Swedes more than fifty years before the grant of Pennsylvania, and was then called Stockholm. The Christiana creek, in the county of New Castle, was called after the queen of Sweden. The settlements of that nation on the waters of the Delaware, at the time that the Dutch acquired them, were greater than any other colony of the Swedish nation. Except indeed the purchased island of Saint Bartholomew, it is not remembered that they have had any other permanent colonial establishment. The civil law which prevailed in Sweden and the principles of which were highly influential in Denmark, did not favor the idea of any right from primogeniture, the prevailing spirit of the American law of descent. Having no sugar colonies at the time of their settlements adjacent to the Delaware, the Swedes and Danes had little information or practice in the slave trade, and have contributed probably to facilitate the early and known opposition to that trade, which arose in the middle states.
The enterprize, the wealth, the freedom, the sobriety and the religion of the Dutch render their early and prosperous settlements in this part of America, particularly worthy of consideration. Their forts and marts extended from the western bank of Connecticut river, and the city of Albany to Hoar kiln or Lewis town, near the southern cape of Delaware bay. They had acquired the town of New Castle or Stockholm, from the Swedes, and called it New Amsterdam. Their settlements had extended in New York, Connecticut, east New Jersey, west New Jersey, Delaware, the south western corner of Pennsylvania, and the eastern shore of Maryland, when their whole possessions in our middle states, called the New Netherlands, were conquered by Great Britain in 1764, and were divided under charters to the American provinces of Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and the lower territory of York and Penn, known at present as the Delaware state. The influence of the Dutch, after this conquest, continued to be such that there were seven governors of New York of that stock, and one of New Jersey. There are at this time not less than eighty Dutch Calvinistic churches in the United States. They are as zealous friends of religious liberty as the rest of the Americans, and the New York and New Jersey legislatures in which they are most numerous, corrected the English law of descent, as soon as the separation from Great Britain enabled them to give to the laws the proper spirit of our nation.
The German people, having little concern in navigation, there has not been, at any time, a commencement of a separate German colony within our present dominions. But great numbers of the natives of the protestant and catholic states of that immense confederated empire have migrated hither in search of liberty of conscience, and establishment in life. William Penn made an early visit to the continent of Europe, with a view to inform the German people of his new
and liberal establishment. The agitations of Europe in consequence of the struggles of the followers of John Huss, Luther, Calvin, Menno and others of less note in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, and of the counter exertions of the church of Rome and its powerful supporters, rendered even the wilds of America more lovely than the most cultivated scenes of persecuting Europe. In regard to the prospects of a comfortable establishment, fair accounts of this country seemed to render it a second land of promise. The vast number of German emigrants which have resorted to our shores in a term of more than one hundred and twenty years, has exhibited the persons, the language, the habits, the churches, and some of the split of the laws of that great and ancient empire. It is not ascertained whether the wise and excellent founder of Pennsylvania derived from his own wisdom and virtue his celebrated modification of the law of descent, or whether his respect for the law of Moses or his visit to Germany, where he found the great opposition between the English law and the Justinian system in that respect, occasioned him to adopt the idea. Certain it is that in this respect, as well as in their pursuit of religious liberty, the migrants from Germany must have attached themselves to these two objects, which are so conspicuous and influential in our national character. The Germans, like the Swedes, had no participation in sugar colonies, were consequently free from interest and practice in the slave trade, and were ready to co-operate in its decided arrestation. From this stock, we have had an illustrious President of our Philosophical Society, eminent professors in the medical department of one of our Universities, ministers of nearly two hundred churches of the Lutherans, Calvinists, Roman Catholics, Mennonists, Moravians, Tunkers, and some other religious societies. A governor and a vice-president of a state, many generals of the militia, speakers of the national and state legislatures, and other members have also been drawn from the natives of Germany or their numerous descendants. The theology, the language, the arts, the manufactures and the typography of the Germans are very conspicuous and widely extended in the United States of America.
COLUMBIANUS.
HELPLESS SWALLOW,
By Roscoe. Go place the Swallow on our turf bed, Which will she struggle, but can never rise, Go raise him even with the daisy's head, And the poor twitcher like an arrow flies;
So oft, through life, the man of pow'r and worth, Haply the cat-r'er of an infant train, Like Burns, must struggle on the bare worn earth, While all his efforts to arise are vain.
Yet should the hand of relative, or friend, Just from the surface lift the sul'ring wight, Soon would the wings of Industry extend, Soon would he rise from anguish to delight.
Go then, ye affluent! go, your hands out stretch, And from Despair's dark verge, oh! raise the woe-worn wretch.
AMOUNT of Inspections, in the city of Baltimore, during the last quarter, ending the 30th Sept. 1809.
 78,162 barrels Wheat flour, 5,990 half do. do.  32 barrels Rye do. 1,050 do. Indian meal,  1,050 do. Indian meal, 50 hds. do.  50 hds. do. 1,083 barrels pork,  1,083 barrels pork, 1 half do.  1 half do. 151 barrels beef,  151 barrels beef, 243 half barrels do.  243 half barrels do. 4,235 barrels herrings,  4,235 barrels herrings, 215 do. shad,  215 do. shad, 3 half barrels do.  3 half barrels do. 249 barrels mackerel,  249 barrels mackerel, 21 half barrels do.  21 half barrels do. 1 barrel codfish,  1 barrel codfish, 468 kegs butter,  468 kegs butter, 268 do. lard,  268 do. lard, 1,646 casks domestic liquors,  1,646 casks domestic liquors, 524 do. foreign do.  524 do. foreign do. 461 ullages,  461 ullages, 225 casks oil,  225 casks oil, 3,314 171 feet plank and scantling,  3,314 171 feet plank and scantling, 1,460 366 shingles,  1,460 366 shingles, 815,000 laths. 
JOHN HARGROVE.
Died in Richmond, on Friday week, Wm. CLAIBORNE, an old resident of that neighborhood, and father of W. C. C. Claiborne, esq. governor of the territory of Orleans—and on Saturday, Major W. ARMISTEAD, an old and meritorious revolutionary officer.
COMMENCEMENT.
Princeton, Sept. 27, 1809.
This day has been held the commencement of the College of New Jersey, for the conferring degrees in the arts.
The exercises of the day, after prayer by the president, were, first, a Latin salutatory oration, by Mr. George W. Cook, of North Carolina. To this succeeded an English

salutatory, by Jacob G. M'Whorter of S. Carolina.
After which honorary orations were delivered by the following gentlemen:—Franklin Anderson, of Maryland, Thomas C. Ryerson, of New Jersey, William A. McDowell, of N. Jersey, Thomas T. Stanley, of North Carolina, William Finney, of Pennsylvania, Thomas Skinner, of North Carolina, John Wiley, of the District of Columbia, Ezekiel Forman, of Maryland, Samuel Eager, of New York, John S. Wood, of New Jersey, Charles Brown, of New Orleans, John De Witt, of New York. With these were intermingled debates on the following questions:—1st. Would the universal emancipation of the slaves in the United States, at present, be consistent with either justice or good policy? by Nicholas Rhea, of New Jersey, and John G. Sims, of Penna. 2d. Do not justice and good policy require that the crime of dueling should, in all instances in which death ensues, be capitally punished? by Isaac Thomas, of New Jersey, and Lewis Henry, of N. York.
An oration, in the Greek language, on the progress of the fine arts, was then pronounced by William R. Weeks. After which the following degrees were conferred—that of bachelor of arts, on Messrs. Franklin Anderson, of Maryland, Lewis P. Bayard, of Princeton, N. J. Elias Boudinot, of Newark, N. J. Joshua G. Brinckle, of Wilmington, Delaware, Charles P. Brown, of New Orleans, Jacob R. Cather, of Somerset, N. J. John S. Conger, of Orange, N. York, George W. Cook, of Newbern, N. C. John De Witt, of Greene, N. Y. Volckest P. Douw, of Albany, N. Y. Jacob B. Dukes, of Somerset, N. J. Samuel W. Eager, of Orange, N. Y. William Finney, of Chester, Penn. Ezekiel Forman, of Eastern Shore, Maryland, Charles D. Hasbrouck, of Ulster, N. Y. Charles W. Henry, of New York, Lewis D. Henry, of New York, John Hopkins, of Lancaster, Penn. Benjamin C. Howard, of Baltimore, Md. Moses T. Hunton, of Martinsburg, Va. Robert M. Livingston, of N. Y. William A. McDowell, of Elizabeth Town, N. J. Jacob G. M'Whorter, of Sumpner, S. C. Jonathan Palmer, of Marietta, Ohio, Nich. G. Rhea, of Trent, N. J. Clymer Ross, of Philadelphia, Thomas C. Ryerson, of Sussex, N. J. Thomas B. Salter, of New York, Johnson P. Scudder, of Monmouth, N. J. Charles Seely, Cumberland, of N. J. John G. Sims, of Philadelphia, Thomas H. Skinner, of Edenton, N. C. William Skinner, of do. Thomas T. Stanley, of Newbern, N. C. Ch. Thomas, of Morris, N. J. Abraham Voorhies, of New Brunswick, N. J. William R. Weeks, of Steubenville, N. Y. John Wiley, of District of Columbia, George Douglass Wise, of Eastern Shore, Va. John S. Wood, of Cumberland, N. J.
That of master of arts on Messrs. Lewis P. Balch, Isaac Blackford, Enoch Burt, James T. Clarke, Edward Colston, John Conover, Jonathan Cool, Ely Cooey, John Cruse, Jacob F. Field, Frederick Frelinghuysen, Robert S. Green, John Howard, Christopher Hughes, Jas. Iredell, Richard B. Magruder, Arnold Naudain, Thomas L. Woodruff, Nathaniel Wyckoff, A. lunni of this College, and on the Rev. Jonathan Freeman, of Cumberland county, New Jersey, A. B. of Columbia College.
And the degree of Doctor in Divinity was conferred on the Rev. Theodore Dehon, of Rhode-Island, the Rev. John B. Romeyn, of New York, and the Rev. Aaron Woolworth, of Long Island.
The exercises were concluded with the valedictory oration, pronounced by Benjamin C. Howard, of Maryland.
The following order in Council, was received by the Aristides, from Liverpool, via Philadelphia:
At the Court of Queen's Palace, 12th July, 1809—Present—
The King's most excellent Majesty in Council. Whereas his majesty was, by his order in council of the 31st May, 1809, pleased to direct, that no foreign vessel, except as therein excepted, should enter into the port, harbor, or road lying between the island of Heligoland and Sandy Island, and the shoals of the said islands respectively, and commonly called or known by the names of the North Haven and South Haven, under any pretence whatsoever.
His Majesty is pleased, by and with the advice of his privy council, to revoke so much of the said order as respects ships entering into the port of the said island or places thereof, in ballast; and to direct that henceforth except the French, coming in ballast, shall be allowed to enter therein without his majesty's licence; and the right honorable the Lords Commissioners of his majesty's Treasury and the Lords Commissioners of the Ad-
miralty, are to give the necessary directions herein, as to them may respectively appertain.
(Signed) WM. FALCONER.
New-York, October 7. LATE FROM EUROPE.
By the arrival, yesterday, of the British brig Tom Barry, Capt. M c Dougall, in the short passage of 36 days from Scotland, the editors of the New-York Gazette have received London and Glasgow papers to the 27th of August.
These papers contain the important information, that Flushing, after being nearly destroyed by a bombardment, had surrendered to the British forces under Lord Chatham. The garrison, consisting of 4379 officers and men, were to be sent to England. The English expedition afterwards went up to attack Antwerp, and to destroy the French fleet at that place. Accounts had been received in England, through a variety of channels, that the Armistice was at an end, and that hostilities had commenced between France and Austria—though an article from Paris, of the date of the 17th August, states that peace between Austria and France was signed on the 10th.
The articles respecting Mr. Armstrong's arrival at Amsterdam, and the report of a new decree against the Americans, does not look as if our differences would soon be settled with France. The papers also contain a new decree issued by the king of Holland.
The report of an English expedition having taken Archangel is premature.
Paris, August 1. The preparations making here induce us to presume that his majesty will soon be here. The imperial guard has already received orders to occupy the same posts as is usual when the emperor is here. It is reported here that a general Congress of all the princes of the confederation will be held in this city. August 18.
Letters from Munich of the 31st July state, that an entrenched camp has been formed on the Wittenberg, (White Mount) near Prague in Bohemia, to which the Austrian army is to retreat in the unexpected case that peace should not be concluded. The works of Prague have been confidently reinforced, and the place has been victualled for a six months' siege. Much heavy ordnance has also been conveyed thither from Therienstadt.
Hamburg, Aug. 10. We have just received advices of the Archduke Charles having been removed from the command of the army; and, that notice had been given to the French of the termination of the Armistice. It is said, that Prince John of Lichtenstein is to succeed the Archduke Charles in the command of the Austrian army.
Naples, July 27. The British have very unexpectedly received orders entirely to evacuate the islands of Ilchia and Procida. The troops and the sick are embarked. The Sicilian Prince Leopold, who was on board the fleet, and the Dukes of Arcoli and Camera, two Neapolitan emigrants, have by this time returned to Melazzo. It would appear, that considerable differences had taken place between them and Gen. Stuart. Two British regiments had proceeded to Malta.
London, Aug. 16. It is an unquestionable truth, that very serious disturbances have broken out at Rotterdam. The spirit of insurrection first manifested itself among the lower orders of peasantry, who commenced by exclaiming "Long live the House of Orange! Give us back the prince of Orange!" Twenty or thirty of the ringleaders were secured a week or 10 days ago, and lodged in the Stadhousse as prisoners. No example had been made of them at the date of the last advices.
A strict embargo has been laid on all vessels in Holland. We have been favored with the sight of a letter, dated the 4th inst. which positively announces the fact. The same letter enables us to send you a copy of the decree of the 29th ult. respecting Americans, which has already excited so much uneasiness. It is as follows:—
"29th July, 1809. "Louis Napoleon, &c."
"Until further orders, our decree of the thirtieth June, No. 1, respecting the admission of American vessels into the harbors of this kingdom shall be repealed; and every thing relating thereto be placed on the same footing upon which it was before the promulgation of the said decree; so that no other vessels than those conforming strictly to the restrictions contained in our former decrees, shall be admitted. Those which shall not so conform shall be warned off. The director of the customs hereby orders all custom house officers, stationed in the harbors and ports of this kingdom, to act according to the above decree; and to
inform all captains of American vessels, who may hereafter arrive, of the contents of the same; as also to send the papers of those who, from the nature of their cargoes, conceive the same admissible; with the addition of the usual declaration of the director of the customs; and to wait for further orders concerning the same."
The above decree when issued, was accompanied with a copy of that of the 30th of June in which the articles allowed to be imported from America are specifically enumerated; and which was published in this country in July.
PRIVATE CORRESPONDENCE. London, Wednesday evening, half past seven.
We have not heard that ministers have received any further advices from the island Walcheren. A vessel has arrived in the river from the coast of Holland, by which letters till the 15th have been received. These letters confirm the report of the arrival of Gen. Armstrong at Amsterdam, from Paris. They also inform us, that the American armed ship which some time since went into the Texel, for the avowed purpose of imparting to the masters of American vessels the state of the relations between the government of the U. S. and those of the belligerent powers, had, since Gen. Armstrong reached Holland, been directed to quit her anchorage and proceed on a cruise in the North Seas; with a view, no doubt, of warning American vessels in those seas not to enter the ports of Holland or France.
The following is the copy of a letter, dated "Flushing, 18th Aug. 1809."
"This place was not altogether evacuated by the French until this day. A great part of the town is destroyed, and thousands of the inhabitants have perished. The Stadhousse, a large church, and several other public buildings, have been consumed. Most of our ships of war have proceeded up the Scheld, and Sir R. Strachan will follow with the remainder to-morrow. There are ten French ships of the line and fifteen frigates, with about 50 gun boats (as we now learn) beyond fort Lillo. There are also a line of battle ship and two smaller vessels building in Flushing."
Letters from Paris of the 8th inst. speak of the probability of a decree interdicting all communication with America.
The mysterious veil which has covered the negotiations between Austria and France is at length drawn aside, and an appeal to arms has been once more resolved upon by the Emperor Francis. This important intelligence has certainly reached his Majesty's ministers. Archduke Charles no longer commands the Austrian armies, & Prince John of Lichtenstein has been declared Generalissimo, with full powers. An official communication declaring this change, and at the same time announcing the determination of the Austrian government to persevere in the contest at all risks rather than yield to the arrogant demands of Napoleon, was on Sunday evening received by Mr. Canning. This we state as a fact, which cannot be contradicted—The Day.
Two letters from the Earl of Chatham, dated Middleburgh, August 14th & 18th, will be found under the London Gazette department. The one notices as formerly mentioned the opening of the sluices at Flushing by the French, and letting in salt water, which, says his Lordship, has been attended as yet with little inconvenience—the other, the surrender of the towns of Zeirickzee and Bowershaven, and the islands of Schouwen and Duiveland, from which, his Lordship believes, he will be enabled to draw very ample supplies of cattle, spirits and biscuits. His Lordship encloses General Monnet's return of the late garrison at Flushing, at the time of its surrender—he makes the amount, in all 5803. His Lordship farther says, from the information which has fallen into his hands, that the enemy's whole force opposed to him in the Island of Walcheren, may very fairly be taken at 9,000 men.
August 25.—We this day resume our extracts from the German Papers to the 14th received yesterday. The Austrian Army is again represented as very formidable in numerical strength. It is said that it will soon amount to 350,000 men, independent of the Landwehr. This army is posted along the eastern banks of the river March; the centre is stated to be at Kremsie, the right at Olmutz; and the left at Holitsch.
Letters from Paris, of so late a date as the 17th, have been received. They state that peace between Austria and France was agreed on the 10th; but accounts from Vienna of the 12th (two days later) positively assert, as we noticed yesterday, that no such event had taken place.
We have received American Papers and Letters to the 27th last—A letter
from Boston, of the 23d, is written under the full conviction that no war would result from the impediment to the negotiation, and observes, that the ultimate arrangement must be suspended until the arrival of Mr. Jackson, as, under the present circumstances, the Government could not renew the discussions with Mr. Erskine, both from motives of delicacy to him, and from the proper respect to its own character and dignity.
THIRTIETH BULLETIN.
Vienna July 30.—The 9th corps, which was commanded by the Prince of Ponte Corvo, was disbanded on the 8th inst. The Saxons, who formed a part of it, are under the command of General Reynon. The prince of Ponte Corvo is gone to use the waters. In the battle of Wagram, the village of that name was carried on the 6th, between ten and eleven o'clock, and the glory of this successful enterprise is due to the corps of Marshal Oudinot.
The House of Austria took the field this campaign with 62 regiments of the line, 12 regiments of cavalry, 12 regiments of grenadiers, four free corps or legions, making in the whole 310,000 men; 250 battalions militia (Landwehr) commanded by ancient officers, exercised 10 months; 40,000 men of the Hungarian insurrection, and 50,000 horse artillery, and miners composing the whole from 5 to 600,000 men. With this force the House of Austria supposed herself to be sure of victory. She entertained a hope of shaking the power of France, if ever her whole force were united. But her armies are not withstanding reduced to one fourth part of her original strength, while the French army has been encrased to double the number it consisted of at Ratisbon.
In the castle of Gratz, twenty pieces of ordnance have been found.
The castle of Sachenborg, situated on the frontiers of the Tyrol, has surrendered to gen. Rusco.
The duke of Dantzic has entered Tyrol with 25,000 men. He has occupied Lofers, and disarmed all the inhabitants; he must by this time be at Inspruck.
Gen. Thielman has entered Dresden.
The duke of Abrantes is in Bayreuth, and has pushed his advanced guard to the frontiers of Bohemia.
London Gazette Extraordinary.
Sunday, August 20.
Downing Street, Aug. 19. A despatch, of which the following is a copy, was this day received at the office of Viscount Castlereagh, one of his majesty's principal Secretaries of State, from Lieut. Gen. the Earl of Chatham, K. G. dated
HEAD QUARTERS, Middleburgh, Aug. 15.
My Lord—I have the honor of acquainting your Lordship, that, on the 12th inst. the batteries before Flushing being completed, (and the frigates, bombs, gun-vessels, having at the same time taken their stations) a fire was opened at half past one P. M. from fifty-two pieces of heavy ordnance, which was vigorously returned by the enemy. An additional battery of six twenty-four pounders was completed the same night, and the whole continued to play upon the town, with little or no intermission, till late on the following day.
On the morning of the 14th instant, about 10 o'clock, the line of battle ships at anchor in the Danube passage, led by rear admiral Sir Richard Strachan, got under weigh, and ranging up along the sea line of defence, kept as they passed a most tremendous cannonade on the town for several hours, with the greatest gallantry and effect. About four in the afternoon, perceiving that the fire of the enemy had entirely ceased, and the town presenting a most awful scene of destruction, being on fire in almost every quarter, I directed Lt. Gen. Sir Eyre Coote to send in to summons the place; Gen. Monnet returned for answer, that he would reply to the summons as soon as he had consulted a council of war; an hour had been allowed for the purpose, but a considerable time beyond it having elapsed, without any answer being received, hostilities were ordered to recommence with the utmost vigor, and about eleven o'clock at night, one of the enemy's batteries, advanced upon Sea Dyke, in front of Lieut. General Fraser's position, was most gallantly carried at the point of the bayonet, by detachments from the 36th, 71st, and light battalions of the king's German legion, under lieut. col. Perk opposed to great superiority of numbers; they took forty prisoners, and killed and wounded a great many of the enemy.
I must not omit to mention, that on the preceding evening, an entrenched camp, in front of major gen. Graham's position, was also forced, in a manner equally undaunted, by the 14th regiment and detachments of the
king's German legion, under Lieut. Col. Nicholls, who drove the enemy from it, and made a detachment with a musket shot of the walls of the town, taking one gun and thirty prisoners.
About two in the morning, the enemy demanded a suspension of arms for forty eight hours, which was refused, and only two hours granted, when he agreed to surrender, according to the terms sent in, on the basis of the garrison becoming prisoners of war.
I have now the satisfaction of acquainting your Lordship, that these preliminaries being accorded to, as soon as the admiral landed in the morning, colonel Long, adjutant general, and captain Cockburn, of the royal navy, were appointed to negotiate the further articles of capitulation which I have now the honor to enclose. They were ratified about three this morning, when detachments of the royals on the right, & of his majesty's 71st regiment on the left, took possession of the gates of the town. The garrison will march out to-morrow, and will be embarked as speedily as possible.
I may now congratulate your lordship on the fall of a place so indispensable to our future operations, as so large a proportion of our force being required to carry on the siege, with that degree of vigor and dispatch which the means of defence the enemy possessed, and particular his powers of inundation (which was rapidly spreading to an alarming extent) rendered absolutely necessary.
Having hoped, had circumstances permitted, to have proceeded up the river at an earlier period, I had committed to Lt. gen. Sir Eyre Coote the direction of the details of the siege and of the operations before Flushing; and I cannot sufficiently express my sense of the unrelenting zeal and exertion with which he has conducted the arduous service entrusted to him, in which he was ably assisted by Lieut. colonels Walsh and Offery, attached to him as assistants in the adjutant and quarter masters-general's department.
I have every reason to be satisfied with the judicious manner in which the general officers have directed the several operations, as well as with the spirit and intelligence manifested by the commanding officers of corps, and the zeal and order of all ranks of officers.
It is with great pleasure I can report the uniform good conduct of the troops, who have not only on all occasions shown the greatest intrepidity in presence of the enemy, but have sustained, with great pleasure and cheerfulness, the laborious duties they have had to perform.
The active and persevering operations of the corps of royal engineers have been conducted with much skill and judgement by colonel Eyre, aided by lieut. col. D'Arcy, and it is impossible for me to do sufficient justice to the distinguished conduct of the officers and men of the royal artillery, under the able direction and animating example of brigadier General Milood.
The seamen, whose labors have already been so useful to the army, sought their reward in a further opportunity of distinguishing themselves; one of the batteries was accordingly entrusted to them, and which they served with admirable vigor and effect.
I must beg leave to express my sense of the constant and cordial co-operation of the navy on all occasions, and my warmest acknowledgements are most particularly due to captain Cockburn, of the Belleisle, commanding the flotilla, and to capt. Richardson, of the Cæsar, commanding the brigade of seamen landed with the army.
I have the honor to enclose a return of the garrison of Flushing, in addition to which I have learned, that besides the number killed, which were considerable, upwards of one thousand wounded men were transported to Cadiz, previous to the complete investment of the town.
I also subjoin a statement of deserters & prisoners, exclusive of the garrison of Flushing.
This dispatch will be delivered to your Lordship by my first aid-de-camp, Major Bradford, who is fully qualified to give your Lordship every further information and whom I beg leave earnestly to recommend to his majesty's protection.
I have the honor to be, &c. (Signed)
CHATHAM.
CAUTION. The Public are hereby cautioned against trusting any one with money, as I am determined not to pay any debts of any kind arising from this day, and they are also cautioned against receiving any thing in discharge which they may offer as a sum in account or prosequi those that do.
GEORGE R. C. New York, October 16—25.

By Montgomery county Orphans court, August 16, 1809. ON application of Thomas Turner and Samuel Turner, executors of Samuel Turner late of Montgomery county, deceased, to sell the Personal Property of the said deceased: Ordered by the court, that they sell the same on a credit of one month, at a price not less than twenty dollars, with good security being interest from the day of sale; all sums under twenty dollars cash—giving thirty days notice in some newspaper printed in Georgetown and the city of Washington; and printed hand bills set up in the most public places in the county of the time and place of sale.
Test: SOLOMON HOLLAND, Reg. PURSUANT to the above order and on the terms and conditions therein stated, will be exposed to Public Sale, at the late dwelling plantation of Samuel Turner, deceased, about five miles from Montgomery court house, on Friday the 10th day of Nov. next, the Personal Property of the said deceased, consisting of valuable Negroes, men, women, boys, and girls; stock of Horses, Cattle, Sheep, Hogs &c. Household & Kitchen Furniture, Plantation Utensils, crop of Corn, Fodder, &c. &c. The sale will commence at 11 o'clock and continue, if necessary, from day to day until all are sold. THOMAS TURNER, } Executors. SAMUEL TURNER, } September 29—tdos.
A LIST OF LETTERS Remaining in the Post-Office, Washington City, October 1st, 1809. A—A. N. Abraham 5, George Amos, John Ayers, Joseph Adams, Anthony Addison, S. T. Anderson. B—Col. Henry Burbeck 12, David G. Bond, Joseph Bower, Benj. Brum, Arch. Brownley, Math. Byas, Isaiah Bled, Benj. Beatty, E. M. Boyle, James Brumley, Mrs. Delia Bruns, Geo. Brumley, Benj. Bower, Thomas Brown, William Bickford, Mary Butler, Joseph Burns, Thos. Bruce, Mrs. Brackenridge, Mrs. Elizabeth Barry, W. B. Burns, George Burns, Capt. Bonford, W. Buchanan. C—James Caldwell, Mr. Clerke, Charles Constable, Anthony Campioni, Col. Carroll, John A. Cheville, Jonas Crane, Wm. H. Corbit, S. Samuel Cathcart, John Gamp, Arthur Campbell, Jemima Cosen, Boller Cook, Col. Covington, Stephen Cooke. D—Charles Delarow, Dashkoff, esq. Russian Charge d'Affaires 4, Jonathan Dwight 2, Mrs. Dames, James Deyer, Lewis Du Pre, Michael Deherity 3, John Dodd, John Dunn, Leonard Davis, Wm. Dowson, Hugh Drummond. E—Louisa Evans, K. Easley, Thomas Earl Capt. Samuel Evans. F—John J. Findlay 2, Daniel Ferguson, John Fell, James Fletcher, Jessy Felix, James Ford, John G. Pugh, Monsieur Frechon, Monsieur Eloy Fiancon, Saml. Fulton, George W. Field. G—Miss Mary Graham, Lt. C. Gadsden 2, K. G. Griffith, Sally Galsogan 3, John Gadsby, midshipman, Henry Gilliam, Lt. Henry Graham, Mrs. A. Grant, Nicholas Greenham, Catherine Goldsborough, John Grigsby, Green, esq. purser, Benj. Gray, John Goff. H—Walter Harris, Dr. Christopher J. Hunter, Theophilus Harris, esq. Anthony Hutton, Theo. Holt, John Hilliard, Mons. Haitet, Dr. Joseph Harding, Wm. Harris, James Hickey, Alex. Harper, Sarah Hanson, care of Henry Smothers, Benj. Howard, Wm. Hews, W. Hill, Thomas Howard, Major Seth Hunt. I—Capt. John Johnson 3, Joseph Johnson, Morris Johnson, Wm. Jenkins, Francis Jenkins, Mr. Johnson (engraver). K—Lt. E. P. Kennedy, Oliver Ketchum 2, Wm. King, James Kennedy 2, Vincent King, Wm. Kirk. L—Jesse Lee, Esq. Lennard, Edward Livingston 2, Michael Lardner, Lt. Wm. Lithgow, Isaac Lum, Elizabeth Lovell, John Lyon 4, Richard Lorax, Capt. Nelson Luckett. M—Rebecca Morrow, Lt. Thomas Murray, Ambrose Moriarty, James Minnery, Charles W. Morgan, James Motley, Capt. Middleton, Lt. James McLaughlin 3, Capt. John Morris 2, Francis B. Murdoch, James Mergill, David McKeehan, Patrick McCarthy, Wm. Moore, Mids. J. M. Mountain, John McClellan 2, Richard Moore, printer, Athanasius Moore, Lt. W. McKee, Hugh Kidder Meade. N—Wm. C. Newton, Wm. Nicholson, Lewis D. North. O—James Orcutt 2, John O'Connell. P—Dr. Garrett E. Pendegray, J. B. Prevost, Esquire Patten, Lt. R. C. Page, Maj. Samuel Parker, Maurice Pendergrast, Negro Peter (care of Mr. Boyd), John Pope, Capt. Pratt, John Poppe, Henry Pugh, T. R. Peters 2, John C. Puckham 3. Q—Queen and Semmes. R—Theodore Randle 3, Seth Robinson, Jos. Robertson, Jr. Robert Rose, Lt. James P. Rarland 2, James Rankins 2, James Robinson, John Rhodes, care of Chas. A. Goldsborough, Andrew Ross, Duncan Robertson, Simon Roach, Wm. Rhodes, Edward Rogers, Samuel Ringer, old, Thomas Rundells, Rebecca Russ, Thomas Reese. S—Capt. Winfield Scott 2, John Sandford, Thomas Simpson, Rachel Snodden, Deborah Spooner, Rebecca Scott, Head Clerk of the War Office, David or George Shoemaker, John Shorter, Rosett, Smith or Matilda Smith, George Seager, Wm. Short-house, Abraham K. Smedes, Walter Smallwood, Godfrey Smith, Lt. F. W. Small 2. T—Lt. John Tripp, Mrs. Thompson, Robert J. Turnbull, George Templeman, Elizabeth Thomas, Major Jonathan Taylor. V—David Vanneter, Mrs. Maria Vanzandt 2. W—Lt. Alex. S. Wadsworth 2, Jacob Wood, Theodore Williamson, Lloyd Willexen, Dr. Richard Waltz, E. Whiman, Lt. P. Willis, Matthew Wright, Joseph Wilson, Chas. Williams, Richard White, Abel Willey, John Westcot, jr. S. Peter Weyers, Benj. Williams, John Wilson, Christopher Washington, Robert Wilson, Aaron Wynn, W. R. Woodey, Miss Verlander Wells, Richard D. W. Inwight, James Wilson. Y—John Bissell Yarnell 3, Ezekiel Young, Notley Young. October 6—
EDUCATION. THE REV. WALTER D. ADDISON of Georgetown, District of Columbia will board and instruct in the Latin and Greek languages, Reading, Writing and Arithmetic, a few more Young Gentlemen, at sixty-five pounds per annum, payable quarterly in advance. Letters addressed to him at this place will be attended to. Georgetown, August 21—2wtf.
FIVE DOLLARS REWARD. STRAYED from the Commons of the city of Washington, about four or five weeks ago, a large DARK BAY or BROWN MARE, 5 years old, together with her COLT. The mare has white hind feet, switch tail, her mane which is uncommonly large and long, hangs on each side of her neck. The Colt is a bright sorrel with a star in his forehead. They are supposed to be somewhere near the White Oak Slashes, north of the President's House. The above reward will be given on delivery of the Mare and Colt. SAMUEL BURCH, Capitol Hill. October 6—3t
WORTH NOTICE. LEASE FOR SALE. ON Square No. 464 in the City of Washington, near the Centre Market, all the Improvements of David Hepburn, deceased, and a Lease for 14 years. Considering the Land being so very near to the best of our markets in the city, the situation there will most conspicuously appear to be as good as can be wished for; the much more so as the soil is in excellent order, and the whole adapted to a Kitchen Garden. The Subscribers have also on hand, a small collection of Fruit Trees and Lombardy Poplars, Shrubs, Bulbous-rooted Flowers and Dwarf Box. Any person wishing to purchase the above, is requested to apply at the garden in the city of Washington, near the Centre Market. ALICE HEPBURN, ALEXANDER HEPBURN. October 6—3t&w3t
NEW STORE. THOMAS W. PAIRO has removed into his New Store on F street near the Bank, where he will sell on the most reasonable terms for cash, and to his punctilious customers, his Dry Goods, Liquors and Groceries. He cannot omit at this opportunity gratefully to acknowledge the liberal encouragement he has met with on the west end of the city, and hopes that he will still have a share of his former custom and be encouraged by his neighbors and the inhabitants of the City and District—he will exert himself to keep a complete assortment of cheap Dry Goods, Liquors and Groceries always on hand. Washington, October 6—3t
RAN AWAY FROM THE SUBSCRIBER, LIVING in Brenton, Prince William County, Virg. on the 11th Aug. 1809, a Mulatto man named CESAR, 21 or 22 years of age, 5 feet 9 or 10 inches high, calls himself Keys; is much sun-burned, has a full suit of hair—took with him a pair of nankeen pantaloons, a Bennet Cord waistcoat having yellow and red collars; a short dark summer coat, besides several other articles. It is apprehended he has gone northward, having been traced into Washington City with a crowd of negroes returning from the camp meeting held in Fairfax county. He is not skilled in any handy craft, but has been entirely accustomed to the business of a plantation. Whoever shall apprehend the said negro, and secure him in any jail, shall receive twenty dollars reward—if brought home all reasonable charges shall be paid by the subscriber. Masters of vessels are cautioned against receiving on board their vessels the said Slave. GERARD ALEXANDER, Sen. Sept. 22—2wtf
THE Subscriber informs his friends and the public in general that he has commenced business on the Capitol Hill, in the Store formerly occupied by Mr. Wm. Emack, where he has FOR SALE. French Brandy, Holland Gin, Jamaica Spirits, Spirit Bounce, Whiskey, Teas, Coffees and Chocolate, Loaf and Brown Sugars, Alspice, Pepper, Ginger and Mustard, Raisins and Almonds, Cheese, Pork and Bacon, Shad and Herrings, Pig and Indigo Blue and Starch, Mould and Dip Candles and Soap, &c. all of which he will sell low FOR CASH. He has likewise opened a LIVERY STABLE back of Carroll's Long Row, where Horses will be taken at three dollars per week—there is a large yard for the use of Carriages adjoining the premises. Every attention will be paid to give general satisfaction. RICH D. BOYD. N. B. Oysters will be kept during the Season and cooked in the best manner.—Wanted a smart active Lad about sixteen or seventeen years old to attend in the Store. One who can come well recommended will meet with encouragement. R. D. B. Sept. 26—
SAMUEL BROOK, HAS imported thirty-five Bales of coarse and fine Plains and Kerseys which are for Sale at Thomas C. Wright's in Geo. Town. Sept. 15—9t
Agreeably to an order of the Orphans Court of Charles county, THE subscriber will offer for sale, at the plantation of the late deceased Doctor DANIEL JENIFER, within a mile of Port Tobacco, on Monday the sixth day of November next if fair, and if not, on the first fair day thereafter, the following property, to wit; about twenty likely negroes, consisting of two very valuable Blacksmiths, two young Women, and the rest Boys and Girls, from four to thirteen years of age. At the same time, about sixty head of fat Cattle, some of which are steers well broke, also several Saddle Horses and Colls, an excellent Carriage, with harness complete, an old Chariot and a waggon, with sundry other articles suitable to planters and farmers. For all sums above twenty dollars, bond with approved security, payable in six months, will be required—and for all others cash must be paid. DAN. of St. THOS. JENIFER, Administrator of Dr. Danl. Jenifer, dec. Sept. 22—6t
POTATO TOBACCO JOCKEY CLUB RACES. The First Tobacco Jockey Club Races will commence on Tuesday 31st day of Oct. next. ON THE FIRST DAY, Will be run for a purse of two hundred and fifty dollars, four miles and repeat, free for any horse, mare or gelding. WEDNESDAY, THE SECOND DAY, Will be run for, a purse of one hundred and twenty dollars, two miles and repeat, free as above, the winning horse of the first day excepted. WILLIAM D. HARRISON, Sec. Sept. 2—13t
THE late Commissioners of the city of Washington, on the 24th December 1793, sold or contracted to sell to Robert Morris & Co. Greenleaf, all the then title, interest and estate of the public in the squares following, among others, in the said city, viz. 626, 628, 634, 687, 723, 726, 727, 729, 738, 760, 782, 786, 789, 814, 816, 818, 841, 843, 866, 868, 895, 897, 899, 913, 919, 922, 923, 943, 966, 967, 968, 970, 972, 992, 1014, 1016, 1037, 1039, 1040, 1052, 1074, 1075, and 1076. Which sale was upon the terms and conditions of a certain stipulated price being paid therefor at certain fixed periods of time subsequent to the contract. And whereas in the course of certain transactions between the said James Greenleaf and the said Robert Morris, and a certain John Nicholson (who had acquired an interest in said squares) and between the said James Greenleaf and Mordecai Lewis and Edward Burd, a certain interest, estate and title of the said Greenleaf, Morris and Nicholson, in and to the same squares, became pledged, by way of mortgage, to the payment of certain debts due to the said Lewis and Burd, respectively. And whereas, the Chancellor of the state of Maryland, in a certain suit lately pending in the Chancery Court of that state, between the executors of the said Mordecai Lewis and the said Edward Burd complainants, and Robert Morris, the heirs of John Nicholson, the Commissioners of the city of Washington, James Greenleaf, Henry Pratt, Thomas W. Francis, John Miller, jr. John Ashley, Jacob Baker, George Simpson, William Cranch and Thomas Law, defendants, did, among other things, decree, that all the right, title, and interest, which at the time of executing a certain mortgage mentioned in the bill and proceedings filed and had in the suit aforesaid, was in the said Morris and Nicholson, Thomas Law, and the Commissioners of the city of Washington, in and to 295 lots and 3-4ths of a lot, of 5265 square feet each, contained in the squares before enumerated, should be sold, and the proceeds applied to the payment in the first instance, of the debts due as aforesaid, to the said Lewis and Burd, and the residue of the whole proceeds, if any, to the payment of certain other debt or debts in the said decree mentioned. And whereas E. S. Burd, having been duly appointed and qualified, as a trustee, to carry into effect the said sale, did, by deed bearing date the 23rd June, 1809, and recorded in the land records of Washington county in the district of Columbia, for the considerations in said deed mentioned, duly convey to Thomas Morris, Samuel Coates, Joseph Morris and Edward Burd, all the right, title and interest of the said Morris and Nicholson, Thomas Law and the Commissioners of the city of Washington, of, in and to the said 295 3-4ths lots, as by the said decree was directed. And whereas, at the time of sale or contract for the sale of the before-mentioned squares by the commissioners, to Morris and Greenleaf, as herein before recited, the public interest in the said squares, or in any or either of them, was not then specifically ascertained and known, but was to depend on and be determined by a division thereof, to be thereafter made, between the said commissioners and the original proprietors of the land on which the same were laid out, pursuant to law and certain deeds of trust, which had been executed by the said proprietors and others for all their lands lying within the city of Washington, and such division was accordingly afterwards made, by which it appears that no part or portion of four of the said squares, to wit, Nos. 687, 726, 966 and 1016, was allotted or assigned to the public, and consequently no estate therein was passed to the said Morris and Greenleaf by the commissioners, under or by virtue of the said sale. And whereas there are in the public's part or portion of the aforesaid squares obtained on the division aforesaid, and exclusive of the said Nos. 687, 726, 966 and 1016, 68 lots of 5265 square feet each, over and above the said 295 3-4ths lots sold as aforesaid by the said E. Burd, pursuant to the decree aforesaid, and whereas the purchasers and grantees of said 295 3-4ths lots hold the same in an undivided interest and possession or tenancy in common with each and every person and persons entitled to the said 68 lots. And whereas the purchase money for the said 68 lots has not been paid & satisfied to the said commissioners or to any other person or persons for the use of the public according to the terms and conditions of the sale, and the same having been due for more than thirty days after it ought to have been paid, and for at least two years prior to the first of May 1809, and being still due and unpaid—by reason whereof and by virtue of the statute of the state of Maryland, entitled "A further supplement to the act concerning the Territory of Columbia and the city of Washington," and of the act of Congress, entitled "An act to abolish the board of commissioners in the city of Washington, and for other purposes," the superintendent appointed in pursuance of the said act of Congress is authorised and required to proceed to sell the said 68 lots. Now this is to give notice that the undersigned, the Superintendent appointed as aforesaid shall and will at 11 o'clock A. M. on Monday the 25th day of October next at Rhodes's hotel in the city of Washington aforesaid by reason of the premises and by virtue of the statutes aforesaid, sell to the highest bidder at Public Auction for cash, all the said 68 lots of ground of 5265 square feet each, contained in some or all of the squares above enumerated, except the said four squares Nos. 687, 726, 966 and 1016, the purchaser or purchasers thereof to take and hold the same in an undivided and common possession with the purchasers and grantees of the aforesaid 295 3-4ths lots; subject to have the possession severed, and due partition made between the several parties according to their respective interests and proportions by consent or in due course of law. THOMAS MUNROE, Sup. August 19—tawts
CABINET AND CHAIR MANUFACTORY. THE Subscriber informs his friends and the public in general, that he still continues to carry on the Cabinet and Chair Making business in all their various branches, at his shop on Pennsylvania Avenue between the Six and Seven buildings; where every article in his line may be had at the shortest notice and on the most reasonable terms. He has for sale a quantity of MAHOGANY of a very superior quality which he will dispose of on reasonable terms to Cabinet Makers or others. WILLIAM WORTHINGTON, Jr. October 9—
TO BE SOLD, A SMALL Farm and Mill Seat, five miles from the City of Washington and two from Bladensburg, adjoining the farm of the Widow C. Diggins; there is 137 acres of Land, 80 or 90 of which is cleared & mostly under fence, about ten acres well set in clover and timothy. There is dwelling houses, Orchard, Garden, and pleasant situation—and a Spring of most excellent water; a public road is laid out through the place which will make an easy conveyance to the City and George Town. It is unnecessary to say more about this property, as it is presumed any person wishing to purchase will view the premises and consider the advantages which it undoubtedly has for improvement, and for further particulars enquire of ISSACHAR SCHOLFIELD. N. B. If the above property is not sold it will be rented to a farmer. I have also a small but valuable Farm adjoining the A. delphi Mills, a Tan Yard and Blacksmith's Shop to rent, apply as above. I. S. Adelphi Mills, P. Geo. C'y. 9th mo. 18—7t.
WILLIAM WHANN, Cash. THIRTY DOLLARS REWARD. ABSCONDED on the 21st of July last, from the subscriber, (manager at the arm of Mr. Isaac Ducket, on South River, ear Annapolis) Negro TOM, a small black fellow, lost the sight of one eye. Had on when he absconded, osnaburg shirt and trowsers. Any person taking up said Negro and bringing him to the subscriber, or securing him in jail, so that I get him again, shall receive the above reward. This Negro was purchased of Capt. J. S. Brooks about five years since; it is probable he may be in the neighborhood of Upper Marlborough. HENRY BASFORD. August 7—6t
VALUABLE FARM FOR SALE. I WILL sell the tract of land on which I reside, called BUSSARD ISLAND, lying on Patuxent river, in Calvert county, and nearly opposite to Benedict, containing by estimation, seven hundred three and a quarter acres of as fertile land as can be found in the state of Maryland, one third of which is in wood and very heavily timbered, and as well watered for the convenience of stock as any tract of its size in the state. The arable part of this plantation is level and much of it covered with oyster shells, and is divided into three fields, each of which will produce two hundred barrels of corn with a reserve of prime tobacco land sufficient to grow fifty hogsheads of tobacco annually, and with very little labor more meadow may be reclaimed than will be found sufficient. No land can be better adapted to the growth of corn, tobacco and wheat, and few plantations hold out stronger inducements to stimulate an industrious man. It binds for a considerable distance on the river & lies nearly in square. Fish oysters, and will lower to be had at all times. Stock of every description, particularly sheep, thrive and improve wonderfully when removed to this land, a convincing proof of the nutritious quality of the grass, which it produces in great abundance. The improvements are sufficient to accommodate a small family—A more particular description is not necessary, a purchaser will naturally view the premises. My price for the above tract of land is fifteen thousand dollars—one sixth part of the purchase money to be paid on the day of possession, and the balance in five equal annual payments, with interest from the day of sale. I will sell at public sale on the 20th December next, in the town of Upper Marlborough, all the personal estate on the above premises, consisting of a number of valuable negroes, horses, mules, cattle, sheep & hogs, plantation utensils, household and kitchen furniture on a credit of twelve months, the purchaser giving bond with approved security; for all sums under $20 each will be required. N. B. If the above tract of land is not disposed of, it will be for rent the ensuing year. RICHARD W. HARWOOD, Sept. 1—20 Dec.
THE Subscriber will offer for sale, at the plantation of the late deceased Doctor DANIEL JENIFER, within a mile of Port Tobacco, on Monday the sixth day of November next if fair, and if not, on the first fair day thereafter, the following property, to wit; about twenty likely negroes, consisting of two very valuable Blacksmiths, two young Women, and the rest Boys and Girls, from four to thirteen years of age. At the same time, about sixty head of fat Cattle, some of which are steers well broke, also several Saddle Horses and Colls, an excellent Carriage, with harness complete, an old Chariot and a waggon, with sundry other articles suitable to planters and farmers. For all sums above twenty dollars, bond with approved security, payable in six months, will be required—and for all others cash must be paid. DAN. of St. THOS. JENIFER, Administrator of Dr. Danl. Jenifer, dec. Sept. 22—6t
WILLIAM WORTHINGTON, Jr. October 9—
CHARLES J. LOURSE Offers for sale—Chateaux Margaux Claret in boxes of 1 dozen. Genuine Old London Particular wine in half pipes and quarter casks. Best Sallad Oil in baskets of 6 bottles each, &c. &c. &c. George Town, May 24—4t
MONEY LOST. ABOUT the 20th of July last, a letter containing two bank notes of one hundred dollars each, was put into the Post office at Winchester, directed to Joseph Janney, Alexandria, which letter has not been received, and is supposed to have been (by mistake) put under a wrong cover, or may have been misdirected, and gone to a post-office different from that to which it was intended to be sent. It is therefore requested of the different post masters throughout the U. S. if any letter directed to Joseph Janney, should come under their notice, that they send the same either to him, or to the subscriber. If the letter has in any way fallen into private hands, I will give fifty dollars reward for the money and no questions asked. DANIEL LEE. Winchester, Sept. 4—4t. Bank of Washington, Oct. 3, 1809. Resolved, That it shall be optional for any Stockholder to anticipate the payment of the 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th instalment on his share or shares, by paying the same, on any day thereafter, to Daniel Carroll, esq. Treasurer of the Board, Provided, that the dividend or dividends on such sums so paid, shall not commence until the day of the month next ensuing such payments. By order of the President and Directors. SAML. ELIOT, Jun. Cashier. Oct. 4—4t.
JUST PUBLISHED, And for Sale by R. C. Weightman and Joseph Weightman. The Correspondence of JOHN ADAMS, Late President of the U. States. Including the First Eighteen Letters. Price 25 Cents. Oct. 4—
NOTICE. The subscriber has commenced the practice of the LAW, and opened an office in the town of Upper Marlborough, Prince George's county. THOS. G. ADDISON. Aug. 30—ep5w.
FOR SALE!!! TWO HUNDRED SHARES In the BANK OF WASHINGTON. Enquire of the Editor. October 9—3t
TO RENT, The westernmost of the SIX BUILDINGS, In the city of Washington lately occupied by Mrs. Lansdale—Possession can be had immediately. For terms apply to JOHN HENON in Georgetown, or HONORE MARTIN. Rockville, October 9—1m
FOR RENT, The large Three Story BRICK HOUSE on K street near the Lower Bridge, in the city of Washington, lately occupied by Judge Duckett, deceased. For terms apply to JAMES DUNLOP or to Mr. MILLIGAN at his Book-store in Georgetown. October 9—3t
WASHINGTON JOCKEY CLUB RACES. The Washington Jockey Club Races will commence on Tuesday the 24th day of October next. ON THE FIRST DAY will be run for a Purse of 700 dollars, four miles and repeat, free for any horse, mare or gelding. WEDNESDAY, The second day, will be run for a Purse of 350 dollars, three miles and repeat, free as above, the winning Nag of the first day excepted—and
THURSDAY, The third day, will be run for, the Colt's Purse of 300 dollars, two miles and repeat, free only for Colts and Fillies. It is believed that the Purses will not be less than as above stated, although the amount of each cannot now be known with positive certainty, because it is made up in part, from the gate tolls. The racing on each day is to be conducted in all respects agreeably to the rules of the Club. N. B. The members of the Club are particularly requested to meet at the Union Tavern on Monday evening preceding the first day's race. Application for Books pro and to be made at the Bar of the Union Tavern. By order of the Stewards. Georgetown, October 5—1t
TAKE NOTICE. THE Subscribers will receive Proposals in writing until the 10th day of October next, for building an addition to the Eastern Branch Market House; for the pen and other particulars apply to either of the commissioners. SAMUEL N. SMALLWOOD, } Com. ADAM LINDSAY, } Missi. WILLIAM PROUT. } Oners. Sept. 27—
LIVERPOOL WARE. W. & C. SMITH, have just received by the Schooner Brothers Return, Captain Weston, from Liverpool, Forty Crates LIVERPOOL WARE, which they will sell at a moderate advance. Georgetown, October 4—2aw2w
TO BE SOLD, A SMALL Farm and Mill Seat, five miles from the City of Washington and two from Bladensburg, adjoining the farm of the Widow C. Diggins; there is 137 acres of Land, 80 or 90 of which is cleared & mostly under fence, about ten acres well set in clover and timothy. There is dwelling houses, Orchard, Garden, and pleasant situation—and a Spring of most excellent water; a public road is laid out through the place which will make an easy conveyance to the City and George Town. It is unnecessary to say more about this property, as it is presumed any person wishing to purchase will view the premises and consider the advantages which it undoubtedly has for improvement, and for further particulars enquire of ISSACHAR SCHOLFIELD. N. B. If the above property is not sold it will be rented to a farmer. I have also a small but valuable Farm adjoining the A. delphi Mills, a Tan Yard and Blacksmith's Shop to rent, apply as above. I. S. Adelphi Mills, P. Geo. C'y. 9th mo. 18—7t.
WILLIAM WORTHINGTON, Jr. October 9—
CITY PROPERTY FOR SALE. THE subscriber offers for sale that valuable Lot No. 19, in square No. 816, running back 92 feet, together with the improvements thereon, consisting of two one and a half story frame houses and kitchens. This property will be sold for below its value for cash if applied for previous to the first day of October next, if not, it then will be sold at public auction. This property now rents for $130 per annum, from its being situated near the navy yard. It is supposed its value will increase. JOSEPH CASSIN, near the Navy Yard Gate, Washington City. Sept. 13—4t
LANDS IN THE STATES OF OHIO AND KENTUCKY. FOR SALE. BY VIRTUE of the Last Will and Testament of Robert Means, deceased, the subscriber offers for sale, all the Lands of the testator in the states of Ohio & Kentucky. As there is a large quantity of these Lands, and the quality in general good, they are well worth the attention of all persons desirous of purchasing Lands in those parts of the country. The tracts are of various sizes, and consequently calculated to suit purchasers of all descriptions. Further information respecting the said Lands may be obtained from Mr. Walter Dun, residing in, or near the town of Chillicothe in the State of Ohio. DANIEL GALL, Executor of the last will & testament of Robert Means, dec'd. Richmond, July 19—4t
A VALUABLE FARM FOR SALE. WILL be sold in pursuance of the last Will and Testament of Samuel Turner, Esq. deceased, at Public Sale on the premises on the 10th day of November next (if not previously disposed of, and in case of sale notice will be given) that very valuable Farm in Montgomery county late the residence of the said deceased; containing about Seven Hundred Acres of Land, Three Hundred Acres at least in wood and fine timber; the residue under good enclosures and every acre arable; lays level and remarkably well for cultivation and may be made very rich in a few years by the use of plaster and clover; in fact, it is as desirable a farm as any in the county of its size and may be very conveniently divided to accommodate purchasers; it lies about 18 miles from Georgetown and the city of Washington, five from Montgomery court house and within three miles of the Potomac River. A further description is deemed unnecessary, as it is presumed that those inclined to purchase will view the property. The terms of sale, which will be accommodating, may be known by applying to the subscribers living in Georgetown, district of Columbia, or will be made known on the day of sale. THO: TURNER, } Executors. SAML. TURNER, } July 28—tdos
The time of the above Sale is changed from the 15th to Friday the 10th day of November next, at 12 o'clock. THOS. TURNER, } Exts. SAML. TURNER, } October 4—
BANK OF COLUMBIA. September 14, 1809. THE Board of Directors having this day declared a dividend for the half year ending the 20th inst. at the rate of Eight per cent per annum. The same will be paid to the Stockholders or their representatives on or after Wednesday next. WILLIAM WHANN, Cash. September 18—3t
THIRTY DOLLARS REWARD. ABSCONDED on the 21st of July last, from the subscriber, (manager at the arm of Mr. Isaac Ducket, on South River, ear Annapolis) Negro TOM, a small black fellow, lost the sight of one eye. Had on when he absconded, osnaburg shirt and trowsers. Any person taking up said Negro and bringing him to the subscriber, or securing him in jail, so that I get him again, shall receive the above reward. This Negro was purchased of Capt. J. S. Brooks about five years since; it is probable he may be in the neighborhood of Upper Marlborough. HENRY BASFORD. August 7—6t
VALUABLE FARM FOR SALE. I WILL sell the tract of land on which I reside, called BUSSARD ISLAND, lying on Patuxent river, in Calvert county, and nearly opposite to Benedict, containing by estimation, seven hundred three and a quarter acres of as fertile land as can be found in the state of Maryland, one third of which is in wood and very heavily timbered, and as well watered for the convenience of stock as any tract of its size in the state. The arable part of this plantation is level and much of it covered with oyster shells, and is divided into three fields, each of which will produce two hundred barrels of corn with a reserve of prime tobacco land sufficient to grow fifty hogsheads of tobacco annually, and with very little labor more meadow may be reclaimed than will be found sufficient. No land can be better adapted to the growth of corn, tobacco and wheat, and few plantations hold out stronger inducements to stimulate an industrious man. It binds for a considerable distance on the river & lies nearly in square. Fish oysters, Fish oysters, and will lower to be had at all times. Stock of every description, particularly sheep, thrive and improve wonderfully when removed to this land, a convincing proof of the nutritious quality of the grass, which it produces in great abundance. The improvements are sufficient to accommodate a small family—A more particular description is not necessary, a purchaser will naturally view the premises. My price for the above tract of land is fifteen thousand dollars—one sixth part of the purchase money to be paid on the day of possession, and the balance in five equal annual payments, with interest from the day of sale. I will sell at public sale on the 20th December next, in the town of Upper Marlborough, all the personal estate on the above premises, consisting of a number of valuable negroes, horses, mules, cattle, sheep & hogs, plantation utensils, household and kitchen furniture on a credit of twelve months, the purchaser giving bond with approved security; for all sums under $20 each will be required. N. B. If the above tract of land is not disposed of, it will be for rent the ensuing year. RICHARD W. HARWOOD, Sept. 1—20 Dec.
WILLIAM WHANN, Cash. THIRTY DOLLARS REWARD. ABSCONDED on the 21st of July last, from the subscriber, (manager at the arm of Mr. Isaac Ducket, on South River, ear Annapolis) Negro TOM, a small black fellow, lost the sight of one eye. Had on when he absconded, osnaburg shirt and trowsers. Any person taking up said Negro and bringing him to the subscriber, or securing him in jail, so that I get him again, shall receive the above reward. This Negro was purchased of Capt. J. S. Brooks about five years since; it is probable he may be in the neighborhood of Upper Marlborough. HENRY BASFORD. August 7—6t
VALUABLE FARM FOR SALE. I WILL sell the tract of land on which I reside, called BUSSARD ISLAND, lying on Patuxent river, in Calvert county, and nearly opposite to Benedict, containing by estimation, seven hundred three and a quarter acres of as fertile land as can be found in the state of Maryland, one third of which is in wood and very heavily timbered, and as well watered for the convenience of stock as any tract of its size in the state. The arable part of this plantation is level and much of it covered with oyster shells, and is divided into three fields, each of which will produce two hundred barrels of corn with a reserve of prime tobacco land sufficient to grow fifty hogsheads of tobacco annually, and with very little labor more meadow may be reclaimed than will be found sufficient. No land can be better adapted to the growth of corn, tobacco and wheat, and few plantations hold out stronger inducements to stimulate an industrious man. It binds for a considerable distance on the river & lies nearly in square. Fish oysters, and will lower to be had at all times. Stock of every description, particularly sheep, thrive and improve wonderfully when removed to this land, a convincing proof of the nutritious quality of the grass, which it produces in great abundance. The improvements are sufficient to accommodate a small family—A more particular description is not necessary, a purchaser will naturally view the premises. My price for the above tract of land is fifteen thousand dollars—one sixth part of the purchase money to be paid on the day of possession, and the balance in five equal annual payments, with interest from the day of sale. I will sell at public sale on the 20th December next, in the town of Upper Marlborough, all the personal estate on the above premises, consisting of a number of valuable negroes, horses, mules, cattle, sheep & hogs, plantation utensils, household and kitchen furniture on a credit of twelve months, the purchaser giving bond with approved security; for all sums under $20 each will be required. N. B. If the above tract of land is not disposed of, it will be for rent the ensuing year. RICHARD W. HARWOOD, Sept. 1—20 Dec.
WILLIAM WHANN, Cash. THIRTY DOLLARS REWARD. ABSCONDED on the 21st of July last, from the subscriber, (manager at the arm of Mr. Isaac Ducket, on South River, ear Annapolis) Negro TOM, a small black fellow, lost the sight of one eye. Had on when he absconded, osnaburg shirt and trowsers. Any person taking up said Negro and bringing him to the subscriber, or securing him in jail, so that I get him again, shall receive the above reward. This Negro was purchased of Capt. J. S. Brooks about five years since; it is probable he may be in the neighborhood of Upper Marlborough. HENRY BASFORD. August 7—6t
VALUABLE FARM FOR SALE. I WILL sell the tract of land on which I reside, called BUSSARD ISLAND, lying on Patuxent river, in Calvert county, and nearly opposite to Benedict, containing by estimation, seven hundred three and a quarter acres of as fertile land as can be found in the state of Maryland, one third of which is in wood and very heavily timbered, and as well watered for the convenience of stock as any tract of its size in the state. The arable part of this plantation is level and much of it covered with oyster shells, and is divided into three fields, each of which will produce two hundred barrels of corn with a reserve of prime tobacco land sufficient to grow fifty hogsheads of tobacco annually, and with very little labor more meadow may be reclaimed than will be found sufficient. No land can be better adapted to the growth of corn, tobacco and wheat, and few plantations hold out stronger inducements to stimulate an industrious man. It binds for a considerable distance on the river & lies nearly in square. Fish oysters, and will lower to be had at all times. Stock of every description, particularly sheep, thrive and improve wonderfully when removed to this land, a convincing proof of the nutritious quality of the grass, which it produces in great abundance. The improvements are sufficient to accommodate a small family—A more particular description is not necessary, a purchaser will naturally view the premises. My price for the above tract of land is fifteen thousand dollars—one sixth part of the purchase money to be paid on the day of possession, and the balance in five equal annual payments, with interest from the day of sale. I will sell at public sale on the 20th December next, in the town of Upper Marlborough, all the personal estate on the above premises, consisting of a number of valuable negroes, horses, mules, cattle, sheep & hogs, plantation utensils, household and kitchen furniture on a credit of twelve months, the purchaser giving bond with approved security; for all sums under $20 each will be required. N. B. If the above tract of land is not disposed of, it will be for rent the ensuing year. RICH