The national intelligencer and Washington advertiser. (Washington City [D.C.]), 1806-04-21 00:00:00

NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER, AND WASHINGTON ADVERTISER.
Vol. VI. WASHINGTON CITY, PRINTED BY SAMUEL HARRISON SMITH, PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE. No. DCCCLXIII.
FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM.
MONDAY, APRIL 21, 1806.
PAID IN ADVANCE.
(By Authority.)
AN ACT,
For establishing rules and articles for the government of the armies of the United States.
(CONCLUDED.)
Article 31. No officer commanding in any of the garrisons, forts or barracks of the United States, shall exact exorbitant prices for houses or stalls let out to sutlers, or connive at the like exactions in others; nor by his own authority, and for their private advantage, lay any duty or imposition upon, or be interested in, the sale of any victuals, liquors, or other necessaries of life, brought into the garrison, fort or barracks, for the use of the soldiers, on the penalty of being discharged from the service.
Article 32. Every officer commanding in quarters, garrisons, or on the march, shall keep good order, and to the utmost of his power, redress all abuses or disorders, which may be committed by any officer or soldier under his command; if upon complaint made to him of officers or soldiers beating, or otherwise ill-treating any person, of disturbing fairs or markets, or of committing any kind of riot, to the disquieting of the citizens of the U. S. he, the said commander, who shall refuse or omit to see justice done to the offender or offenders, and reparation made to the party or parties injured, as far as part of the offender's pay shall enable him or them, shall, upon proof thereof, be cashiered or punished as a general court martial shall direct.
Article 33. When any commissioned officer, or soldier, shall be accused of a capital crime, or of having used violence, or committed any offence against the persons or property of any citizen of any of the United States, such as is punishable by the known laws of the land, the commanding officer, and officers of every regiment, troop, or company, to which the person, or persons, so accused, shall belong, are hereby required, upon application duly made by, or in behalf of the party, or parties injured, to use their utmost endeavors to deliver over such accused person, or persons, to the civil magistrate, and likewise to be aiding and assisting to the officers of justice in apprehending and securing the person or persons so accused, in order to bring him or them to trial. If any commanding officer, or officers, shall wilfully neglect, or shall refuse, upon the application aforesaid, to deliver over such accused person, or persons, to the civil magistrates, or to be aiding and assisting to the officers of justice in apprehending such person, or persons, the officer, or officers, so offending, shall be cashiered.
Article 34. If any officer shall think himself wronged by his colonel, or the commanding officer of the regiment, and shall, upon due application being made to him, be refused redress, he may complain to the general, commanding the state, or territory where such regiment shall be stationed, in order to obtain justice; who is hereby required to examine into the said complaint, and take proper measures for redressing the wrong complained of, and transmit as soon as possible, to the department of war, a true state of such complaint, with the proceedings had thereon.
Article 35. If any inferior officer, or soldier, shall think himself wronged by his captain, or other officer, he is to complain thereof to the commanding officer of the regiment, who is hereby required to summon a regimental court martial, for the doing justice to the complainant; from which regimental court martial, either party may, if he thinks himself still aggrieved, appeal to a general court martial. But if, upon a second hearing, the appeal shall appear vexatious and groundless, the person, so appealing, shall be punished at the discretion of the said court martial.
Article 36. Any commissioned officer, store keeper, or commissary, who shall be convicted, at a general court martial, of having sold, without a proper order for that purpose, embezzled, misapplied, or wilfully, or through neglect, suffered any of the provisions, forage, arms, clothing, ammunition, or other military stores, belonging to the United States, to be spoiled, or damaged, shall at his own expense, make good the loss, or damage, and shall moreover, forfeit all his pay, and be dismissed from the service.
Article 37. Any non-commissioned officer, or soldier, who shall be convicted, at a regimental court martial, of having sold, or designedly, or through neglect, wasted the ammunition delivered out to him, to be employed in the service of the United States, shall be punished at the discretion of such court.
Article 38. Every non-commissioned officer or soldier, who shall be convicted before a court martial, as having sold, lost, or spoiled, through neglect, his horse, arms, clothes, or accoutrements, shall under such weekly stoppages (not exceeding the half of his pay) as such court martial shall judge sufficient, for repairing the loss or damage; and shall suffer confinement or such other corporal punishment as his crime shall deserve.
Article 39. Every officer, who shall be convicted before a court martial, of having embezzled, or misapplied any money, with which he may have been entrusted for the payment of the men under his command, or for enlisting men into the service, or for other purposes, if a commissioned officer, shall be cashiered, and compelled to refund the money; if a non-commissioned officer, shall be reduced to the ranks, be put under stoppages until the money be made good, and suffer such corporal punishment as such court martial shall direct.
Article 40. Every captain of a troop, or company, is charged with the arms, accoutrements, ammunition, clothing, or other warlike stores belonging to the troop, or company under his command, which he is to be accountable for to his colonel, in case of their being lost, spoiled, or damaged, not by unavoidable accidents, or on actual service.
Article 41. All non-commissioned officers and soldiers, who shall be found one mile from the camp, without leave, in writing, from their commanding officer, shall suffer such punishment as shall be inflicted upon them by the sentence of a court martial.
Article 42. No officer, or soldier, shall be out of his quarters, garrison, or camp, without leave from his superior officer, upon penalty of being punished according to the nature of his offence, by the sentence of a court martial.
Article 43. Every non commissioned officer and soldier shall retire to his quarters or tent, at the beating of the retreat; in default of which he shall be punished according to the nature of his offence.
Article 44. No officer, non-commissioned officer, or soldier, shall fail in repairing, at the time fixed, to the place of parade, of exercise or other rendezvous, appointed by his commanding officer, if not prevented by sickness, or some other evident necessity; or shall go from the said place of rendezvous, without leave from his commanding officer, before he shall be regularly dismissed or relieved, on the penalty of being punished according to the nature of his offence by the sentence of a court martial.
Article 45. Any commissioned officer who shall be found drunk on his guard, party, or other duty, shall be cashiered. Any non-commissioned officer or soldier so offending, shall suffer such corporal punishment as shall be inflicted by the sentence of a court martial.
Article 46. Any sentinel who shall be found sleeping upon his post, or shall leave it before he shall be regularly relieved, shall suffer death, or such other punishment as shall be inflicted by the sentence of a court martial.
Article 47. No soldier belonging to any regiment, troop, or company, shall hire another to do his duty for him, or be excused from duty, but in cases of sickness, disability, or leave of absence; and every such soldier found guilty of hiring his duty, as also the party so hired to do another's duty, shall be punished at the discretion of a regimental court martial.
Article 48. And every non-commissioned officer commanding at such hiring of duty aforesaid, shall be reduced; and every commissioned officer, knowing and allowing such ill practices in the service, shall be punished by the judgment of a general court martial.
Article 49. Any officer belonging to the service of the United States, who, by discharging of fire arms, drawing of swords, beating of drums, or by any other means whatsoever, shall occasion false alarms in camp, garrison, or quarters, shall suffer death, or such other punishment as shall be ordered by the sentence of a general court martial.
Article 50. Any officer or soldier, who shall, without urgent necessity, or without the leave of his superior officer, quit his guard, platoon, or division, shall be punished according to the nature of his offence, by the sentence of a court martial.
Article 51. No officer or soldier shall do violence to any person who brings provisions or other necessaries to the camp, garrison or quarters, of the forces of the United States, employed in any parts out of the said states, upon pain of death, or such other punishment as a court martial shall direct.
Article 52. Any officer or soldier, who shall misbehave himself before the enemy, run away, or shamefully abandon any fort, post, or guard, which he or they may be commanded to defend, or speak words inducing others to do the like; or shall cast away his arms and ammunition, or who shall quit his post or colour to plunder and pillage, every such offender being duly convicted thereof, shall suffer death, or such other punishment as shall be ordered by the sentence of a general court martial.
Article 53. Any person belonging to the armies of the United States, who shall make known the watch-word to any person who is not entitled to receive it, according to the rules and discipline of war, or shall presume to give a parole or watch-word, different from what he received, shall suffer death, or such other punishment as shall
be ordered by the sentence of a general court martial.
Article 54. All officers and soldiers are to behave themselves orderly in quarters, and on their march; and whosoever shall commit any waste or spoil, either in walks of trees, parks, warrens, fish ponds, houses or gardens, cornfields, enclosures of meadows, or shall maliciously destroy any property whatsoever, belonging to the inhabitants of the United States, unless by order of the then commander in chief of the armies of the said states, shall (besides such penalties as they are liable to by law) be punished according to the nature and degree of the offence, by the judgment of a regimental or general court martial.
Article 55. Whosoever, belonging to the armies of the United States, employed in foreign parts, shall force a safe-guard, shall suffer death.
Article 56. Whosoever shall relieve the enemy with money, victuals, or ammunition, or shall knowingly harbor or protect an enemy, shall suffer death, or such other punishment as shall be ordered by the sentence of a court martial.
Article 57. Whosoever shall be convicted of holding correspondence with, or giving intelligence to the enemy, either directly or indirectly, shall suffer death, or such other punishment as shall be ordered by the sentence of a court martial.
Article 58. All public stores taken in the enemy's camp, towns, forts, or magazines, whether of artillery, ammunition, clothing, forage or provisions, shall be secured for the service of the United States; for the neglect of which the commanding officer is to be answerable.
Article 59. If any commander of any garrison, fortress or post, shall be compelled, by the officers and soldiers under his command, to give up to the enemy, or to abandon it, the commissioned officers, non-commissioned officers or soldiers, who shall be convicted of having so offended, shall suffer death, or such other punishment as shall be inflicted upon them by the sentence of a court martial.
Article 60. All sutlers and retainers to the camp, and all persons whatsoever, serving with the armies of the United States in the field, though not enlisted soldiers, are to be subject to orders, according to the rules and discipline of war.
Article 61. Officers having brevetts, or commissions, of a prior date to those of the regiment in which they serve, may take place in courts martial and on detachments, when composed of different corps, according to the ranks given them in their brevetts, or dates of their former commissions; but in the regiment, troops, or company, to which such officers belong, they shall do duty and take rank, both in courts martial and on detachments, which shall be composed only of their own corps, according to the commissions by which they are mustered in the said corps.
Article 62. If upon marches, guards, or in quarters, different corps of the army shall happen to join, or do duty together, the officer highest in rank of the line of the army, marine corps, or militia, by commission there, on duty, or in quarters, shall command the whole, and give orders for what is needful to the service, unless otherwise specially directed by the President of the United States according to the nature of the case.
Article 63. The functions of the engineers being generally confined to the most elevated branch of military science, they are not to assume, nor are they subject to be ordered on any duty beyond the line of their immediate profession, except by the special order of the President of the U. S. but they are to receive every mark of respect, to which their rank in the army may entitle them respectively, and are liable to be transferred at the discretion of the President, from one corps to another, regard being paid to rank.
Article 64. General courts martial may consist of any number of commissioned officers from five to thirteen, inclusively, but they shall not consist of less than thirteen, where that number can be convened, without manifest injury to the service.
Article 65. Any general officer commanding an army, or colonel commanding a separate department may appoint general courts martial whenever necessary. But no sentence of a court martial shall be carried into execution until after the whole proceedings shall have been laid before the officer ordering the same; or the officer commanding the troops for the time being; neither shall any sentence of a general court martial, in time of peace, extending to the loss of life, or the dismissal of a commissioned officer, or shall, either in time of peace or war, respecting a general officer, be carried into execution, until after the whole proceedings shall have been transmitted to the secretary of war, to be laid before the President of the U. S. for his confirmation or disapproval and orders in the case. All other sentences may be confirmed and executed by the officer ordering the court
to assemble, or the commanding officer for the time being, as the case may be.
Article 66. Every officer commanding a regiment, or corps, may appoint, for his own regiment, or corps, courts martial, to consist of three commissioned officers, for the trial and punishment of offences, not capital, and decide upon their sentences. For the same purpose all officers, commanding any of the garrisons, forts, barracks, or other places where the troops consist of different corps, may assemble courts martial, to consist of three commissioned officers, and decide upon their sentences.
Article 67. No garrison, or regimental court martial shall have the power to try capital cases, or commissioned officers; neither shall they inflict a fine exceeding one month's pay, nor imprisonment, nor put to hard labor, any non-commissioned officer or soldier, for a longer time than one month.
Article 68. Whenever it may be found convenient and necessary to the public service, the officers of the marine shall be associated with the officers of the land forces, for the purpose of holding courts martial and trying offenders belonging to either; and in such cases the orders of the senior officers of either corps who may be present and duly authorized, shall be received and obeyed.
Article 69. The judge advocate, or some person deputed by him, or by the general or officer commanding the army, detachment, or garrison, shall prosecute in the name of the U. S. but shall so far consider himself as counsel for the prisoner, after the said prisoner shall have made his plea, as to object to any leading question to any of the witnesses, or any question to the prisoner, the answer to which might tend to criminate himself; and administer to each member of the court before they proceed upon any trial the following oath, which shall also be taken by all members of the regimental and garrison courts martial.
"You A. B. do swear that you will well & truly try & determine, according to evidence, the matter now before you between the U. S. of America, and the prisoner to be tried, and that you will duly administer justice, according to the provisions of "An act establishing rules and articles for the government of the armies of the United States," without partiality, favor or affection; and if any doubt shall arise, not explained by said articles, according to your conscience, the best of your understanding, and the custom of war, in like cases; and you do further swear, that you will not divulge the sentence of the court until it shall be published by the proper authority; neither will you disclose or discover the vote or opinion of any particular member of the court martial, unless required to give evidence thereof as a witness, by a court of justice, in a due course of law. So help you God."
And as soon as the said oath shall have been administered to the respective members, the president of the court shall administer to the judge advocate, or person officiating as such, an oath in the following words:
"You A. B. do swear, that you will not disclose or discover the vote or opinion of any particular member of the court martial, unless required to give evidence thereof as a witness, by a court of justice in due course of law. Nor divulge the sentence of the court to any but the proper authority, until it shall be duly disclosed by the same. So help you God."
Article 70. When an prisoner arraigned before a general court martial shall, from obstinacy and deliberate design, stand mute or answer foreign to the purpose, the court may proceed to trial and judgement as if the prisoner had regularly pleaded not guilty.
Article 71. When a member shall be challenged by a prisoner, he must state his cause of challenge, of which the court shall, after due deliberation determine the relevancy or validity, and decide accordingly; and no challenge to more than one member at a time shall be received by the court.
Article 72. All the members of a court martial are to behave with decency and calmness; and in giving their votes, are to begin with the youngest in commission.
Article 73. All persons who give evidence before a court martial, are to be examined on oath or affirmation in the following form:
"You swear or affirm (as the case may be) the evidence you shall give in the cause now in hearing, shall be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth. So help you God."
Article 74. On the trials of cases not capital, before courts martial, the deposition of witnesses not in the line or staff of the army, may be taken before some justice of the peace, and read in evidence; provided, the prosecutor and person accused are present at the taking the same, or are duly notified the re-
Article 75. No officer shall be tried but by a general court martial, nor by officers of an inferior rank, if it can be avoided. Nor shall any proceedings or trials be carried on excepting between
the hours of eight in the morning, and three in the afternoon, excepting in cases, which, in the opinion of the officer appointing the court martial, require immediate example.
Article 76. No person whatsoever shall use any menacing words, signs, or gestures, in presence of a court martial, or shall cause any disorder or riot, or disturb their proceedings, on the penalty of being punished at the discretion of the said court martial.
Article 77. Whenever any officer shall be charged with a crime, he shall be arrested and confined in his barracks, quarters, or tents, and deprived of his sword, by the commanding officer. And any officer who shall leave his confinement before he shall be set at liberty by his commanding officer, or by a superior officer, shall be cashiered.
Article 78. Non-commissioned officers and soldiers, charged with crimes, shall be confined until tried by a court martial or released by proper authority.
Article 79. No officer or soldier who shall be put in arrest, shall continue in confinement more than eight days, or until such time as a court martial can be assembled.
Article 80. No officer commanding a guard, or provost martial, shall refuse to receive or keep any prisoner committed to his charge, by an officer belonging to the forces of the United States; provided the officer committing, shall, at the same time, deliver an account in writing, signed by himself, of the crime with which the said prisoner is charged.
Article 81. No officer commanding a guard, or provost martial, shall presume to release any person committed to his charge, without proper authority for so doing, nor shall he suffer any person to escape, on the penalty of being punished for it, by the sentence of a court martial.
Article 82. Every officer or provost marshal, to whose charge prisoners shall be committed, shall within twenty-four hours after such commitment, or as soon as he shall be relieved from his guard, make report in writing, to the commanding officer, of their names, their crimes, and the names of the officers who committed them, on the penalty of being punished for disobedience or neglect, at the discretion of a court martial.
Article 83. Any commissioned officer convicted before a general court martial of conduct unbecoming an officer and a gentleman, shall be dismissed the service.
Article 84. In cases where a court martial may think it proper to sentence a commissioned officer, to be suspended from command, they shall have power also to suspend his pay and emoluments for the same time, according to the nature and heinousness of the offence.
Article 85. In all cases where a commissioned officer is cashiered for cowardice or fraud, it shall be added in the sentence, that the crime, name, and place of abode and punishment of the delinquent, be published in the newspapers in and about the camp, and of the particular state from which the offender came, or where he usually resides, after which it shall be deemed scandalous for an officer to associate with him.
Article 86. The commanding officer of any post or detachment, in which there shall not be a number of officers adequate to form a general court martial, shall, in cases which require the cognizance of such a court, report to the commanding officer of the department who shall order a court to be assembled at the nearest post or detachment, and the party accused, with necessary witnesses, to be transported to the place where the said court shall be assembled.
Article 87. No person shall be sentenced to suffer death, but by the concurrence of two thirds of a general court martial, nor except in the cases herein expressly mentioned; nor shall more than fifty lashes be inflicted on any offender, at the discretion of a court martial, and no officer, non-commissioned officer, soldier, or follower of the army, shall be tried a second time for the same offence.
Article 88. No person shall be liable to be tried & punished by a general court martial for any offence which shall appear to have been committed more than two years before the issuing of the order for such trial, unless the person by reason of having absented himself or some other manifest impediment shall not have been amenable to justice within that period.
Article 89. Every officer authorised to order a general court martial shall have power to pardon or mitigate any punishment ordered by such court except the sentence of death, or of cashiering an officer; which in the cases where he has authority (by article 65) to carry them into execution he may suspend until the pleasure of the President of the United States can be known; which suspension together with copies of the proceedings of the court martial, the said officer shall immediately transmit to the President for his determination. And the colonel or commanding officer of the regiment or garrison where any regimental or garrison court

martial shall be held may pardon or mitigate any punishment ordered by such court or be qualified.
Article 90. Every judge advocate, or person acting as such, at any general or special court martial, shall transmit, with as much expedition as the opportunity of time and distance of place can admit, the original proceedings and sentence of such court martial, to the secretary of war, which said original proceedings & sentence shall be carefully kept & preserved in the office of the said secretary to the end that the persons entitled thereto may be enabled, upon application to the said office, to obtain copies thereof.
The party tried by any general court martial, shall upon demand thereof made by himself or by any person or persons in his behalf, be entitled to a copy of the sentence and proceedings of such court martial.
Article 91. In cases where the general or commanding officer may order a court of inquiry to examine into the nature of any transaction, accusation or imputation against any officer or soldier, the said court shall consist of one or more officers, not exceeding three, and a judge advocate, or other suitable person as a recorder, to reduce the proceedings and evidence to writing, all of whom shall be sworn to the faithful performance of their duty. This court shall have the same power to summon witnesses as a court martial, and to examine them on oath. But they shall not give their opinion on the merits of the case, excepting they shall be thereto specially required. The parties accused shall also be permitted to cross-examine and interrogate the witnesses, so as to investigate fully the circumstances in question.
Article 92. The proceedings of a court of inquiry must be authenticated by the signature of the recorder and the president, and delivered to the commanding officer; and the said proceedings may be admitted as evidence by a court martial, in cases not capital, or extending to the dismissal of an officer, provided that the circumstances are such, that oral testimony cannot be obtained. But courts of inquiry may be perverted to dishonorable purposes, and may be considered as engines of destruction to military merit, in the hands of weak and envious commanders, they are hereby prohibited, unless directed by the President of the United States, or demanded by the accused.
Article 93. The judge advocate, or recorder, shall administer to the members the following oath:
"You shall well and truly examine and inquire, according to your evidence, into the matter now before you, without partiality, favor, affection, prejudice or hope of reward. So help you God."
After which the president shall administer to the judge advocate, or recorder, the following oath:
"I, A. B., do swear that you will, according to your best abilities, accurately and impartially record the proceedings of the court, and the evidence to be given in the case in hearing. So help you God."
The witnesses shall take the same oath as witnesses sworn before a court martial.
Article 94. When any commissioned officer shall die or be killed in the service of the United States, the major of the regiment, or the officer doing the major's duty in his absence, or in any post or garrison, the second officer in command, or the assistant military agent, shall immediately secure all his effects or equipage then in camp or quarters, and shall make an inventory thereof, and forthwith transmit the same to the office of the department of war, to the end that his executors or administrators may receive the same.
Article 95. When any non-commissioned officer, or soldier, shall die, or be killed in the service of the United States, the then commanding officer of the troop, or company, shall, in the presence of two other commissioned officers, take an account of what effects he died possessed of, above his arms, and accoutrements, and transmit the same to the office of the department of war; which said effects are to be accounted for, and paid to the representatives of such deceased non-commissioned officer, or soldier. And in case any of the officers, so authorized to take care of the effects of deceased officers and soldiers, should, before they have accounted to their representatives for the same, have occasion to leave the regiment, or post, by preferment, or otherwise, they shall, before they be permitted to quit the same, deposit in the hands of the commanding officer, or of the assistant military agent, all the effects of such deceased non-commissioned officers and soldiers, in order that the same may be secured for, and paid to, their respective representatives.
Article 96. All officers, conductors, gunners, matrosses, drivers or other persons whatsoever, receiving pay, or hire, in the service of the artillery or corps of engineers of the United States, shall be governed by the aforesaid rules and articles, and shall be subject to be tried by courts martial, in like manner with the officers and soldiers of the other troops in the service of the United States.
Article 97. The officers and soldiers of any troops, whether militia or others, being mustered and in pay of the United States, shall, at all times, and in all places, when joined, or acting in conjunction with the regular forces of the United States, be governed by these rules and articles of war, and shall be subject to be tried by courts martial, in like manner with the officers and soldiers in the regular forces, save only that such courts martial shall be composed entirely of militia officers.
Article 98. All officers, serving by commission from the authority of any
particular state, shall on all detachments, courts martial, or other duty, wherein they may be employed in conjunction with the regular forces of the United States, take rank, next after all officers of the like grade in said regular forces, notwithstanding the commissions of such militia or state officers may be elder than the commissions of the officers of the regular forces of the United States.
Article 99. All crimes not capitall, and all disorders and neglects which officers and soldiers may be guilty of, to the prejudice of good order and military discipline, though not mentioned in the foregoing articles of war, are to be taken cognizance of by a general or regimental court martial, according to the nature and degree of the offence, and be punished at their discretion.
Article 100. The President of the U. S. shall have power to prescribe the uniform of the army.
Article 101. The foregoing articles are to be read and published once in every six months, to every garrison, regiment, troop or company, mustered or to be mustered in the service of the U. S. and are to be duly observed and obeyed, by all officers and soldiers who are or shall be in said service.
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted. That in time of war all persons not citizens of, or owing allegiance to the U. S. of America, who shall be found lurking as spies, or in about the fortifications or encampments of the armies of the U. S. or any of them, shall suffer death, according to the law and usage of nations, by sentence of a general court martial.
Sec. 3. And be it further enacted. That the rules and regulations, by which the armies of the U. S. have heretofore been governed, and the resolves of Congress thereunto annexed, and respecting the same, shall henceforth be void and of no effect, except so far as may relate to any transactions under them, prior to the promulgation of this act, at the several posts and garrisons respectively, occupied by any part of the army of the U. S.
NATHL. MACON, Speaker of the House of Representatives.
S. SMITH, President of the Senate, pro tempore. April 10, 1806.
APPROVED, TH: JEFFERSON.
CONGRESS.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
TUESDAY, MARCH 11.
DEBATE
On Mr. Gregg's resolution.
(CONTINUED.)
MR. G. W. CAMPBELL.—Mr. Chairman—I rise to submit to the committee some of the reasons that will govern my vote on the measure now under discussion. In doing this, it is not my intention to go over the various grounds taken in this debate, or to answer the several arguments that have been advanced, in support of principles to which I am opposed. My object will be to lay before the committee such a view of the subject as I conceive best calculated to ascertain the true ground on which we stand, and the measures which, in the present crisis of our affairs, it would be advisable to adopt.
I am not disposed, Mr. Chairman, to pursue measures that will exim the American people from the blood of her citizens, any more than other gentlemen who have spoken on this subject; nor am I willing that thousands of innocent persons should suffer distress and ruin , for the benefit of a few individuals,—a few merchants;—which, it has been stated, will be the effect of the measure before you; neither, sir, will I ever give my vote for any measure that shall appear to me calculated to sacrifice the agricultural interest of this nation to that of commerce, or have a tendency to enhance the latter at the expence of the former; and so far as the resolution before you appears to me likely to produce this effect, I shall oppose it. The people whom I have the honor to represent are chiefly agriculturalists, and it will always be my wish and my pride, to support their interests, and to cherish and promote the agricultural interest of this country in general, so far as it may be in my power. But I am not, at the same time, prepared to see the nation suffer, without resistance, every indignity with which G. Britain may choose to treat her, and submit patiently to every aggression and outrage her cruizers, under her authority, may choose to commit on our citizens and on our commerce. I conceive it our duty to take such measures as will prove to the world, a determination on our part to resist injuries and maintain our rights. In regard to the commercial relations of this country with foreign powers, I deem it proper on this occasion to declare it as my opinion, which I have always entertained, that it would have been better for the American people, if government had never given protection to commerce, out of sight of our own territory, or beyond the reach of our cannon from our shores. It would have been well for us, sir, if the American flag had never floated on the ocean, under the authority of government, to waft to this country the luxuries and vices of European nations,—that effeminate and corrupt our people,—to excite the jealousies and cupidity of those powers whose existence, in a great degree, depends on commerce—and to court, as it were, their aggressions, and embroil us in their unjust and bloody
contests. If we had guarded against those pending evils by leaving commerce to seek her own protection, except within the limits of our own jurisdiction, we should have had a fair prospect of continuing to flourish a free, independent and happy nation , much longer than I fear it will be our destiny to do, if we continue to become more and more entangled in European politics and intrigues—to be subject to feel the effects of European convulsions, and national contests, in consequence of being deeply engaged in commercial relations with European powers. If we had adopted this policy, foreign nations would have vied with each other for our commerce and our friendship,—would convey the surplus productions of our country from our store-houses, and furnish us in return with those articles and manufactures of their countries, which our necessities or convenience might require—and we might then behold the collisions of the great powers on the continent of Europe, and their jarring interests contending for superiority, without endangering our peace or our happiness—and with no other inconvenience than the regret we might feel for the miseries and sufferings of that portion of the human family, with whom, however, we had no immediate connections.
But, Mr. Chairman, we have assumed the character of a commercial nation, abroad as well as at home. Our government has, in some degree, pledged the nation to protect commerce, and under this impression our citizens have embarked largely in trade, and made considerable progress therein. The enterprising spirit of our merchants has raised this nation to rank, in regard to commerce, the second in the world, and from this source also, our revenue is chiefly derived. Under these circumstances, I am not prepared to say, this is the propitious moment to retrace our steps, and without even giving notice of our intention to do so, abandon our merchants and their property to the rapacity of a foreign nation. I conceive, on the contrary, it is our duty to afford them such protection as the resources of our country, and the prospects we have heretofore held out, would authorise them to expect.
In examining this subject, the first important enquiry that presents itself, is, in regard to the grounds of complaint, which have occasioned the resolution before you to be proposed. There are two. First, the impressments of our seamen, and second, the unjust, and as we believe, unauthorised aggressions committed on our commerce, by the cruizers of Great Britain. If you look at the documents on your table, you will see that our seamen have been impressed by that nation for years past, without the color of right, and in a manner, which it is not pretended, on this floor, is authorised by justice, or sanctioned by the laws or usages of nations. They have been treated in the most inhuman manner, if information is to be relied upon—compelled to perform the hardest duty in her ships of war, and forced against their will to fight her enemies , who were at the same time on terms of friendship with us. They have been taken from sea to sea; and from place to place—from one country or island to another—shifted from ship to ship, and often sent to distant parts of the world, so as to place them beyond the research of their friends or their country, & put it out of the power of either to reclaim them, by producing the proofs required of their citizenship to obtain their liberation. It has been stated that Great Britain has always been willing to deliver up such impressed seamen as were proved to be bona fide American citizens. But this is a fallacious pretext on her part—from which little or no benefit can arise to us. She impresses our people, without inquiring in regard to their citizenship, or paying the least regard to their protections . Their friends know not where to find them—the government cannot ascertain where they are,—and years sometimes pass, before it is known whither they have been carried. It has, therefore, in most cases, been found impossible to procure their release, and restore them to their friends and their country—and there are at this moment, unjustly detained by that nation, between two and three thousand of our seamen; who have been impressed without any other pretext, than that they spoke the English language, or resembled in their persons, the inhabitants of the British empire. Our government has, in vain, remonstrated, time after time, on this subject to the court of St. James. No satisfactory arrangements could be obtained—nor is there any fair ground to expect a change in the conduct of that government in this respect. Complaints have been made and repeated in every quarter of the union on this subject. The outrages committed on our citizens have made an impression on the public mind, that demands on our part the adoption of some decisive measure to correct the growing evil. It has, indeed, been said by some gentlemen on this floor, that there exists a prospect of the fair adjustment of our differences with Great Britain on this subject. I would ask those gentlemen, upon what information this opinion is founded? For myself, Mr. Chairman, I know of no just ground to authorise such expectation. The documents on your table do not justify a belief, that there is at this time the least prospect of adjustment. They inform us, there was once such a prospect, but that it has long since vanished—and so far as we can collect information, from those documents, as well as from other sources, there is not to be found in the conduct of the British ministers, the slightest foundation for a belief that they are disposed to relinquish the ground they have taken—unless it is rendered necessary by some effective measures on
our part. I would then put it to gentlemen to say, if we are not at this time, to take any step whatever, towards vindicating our violated rights—when will be the proper time for us to act? Have we not patiently endured those injuries long enough? And if not, how much longer must we tamely submit to them? What time can be more favourable than the present to resist them? Will it be when Great Britain has gotten into her possession a greater number of our seamen? When instead of near three thousand, she will have gotten, six, eight or ten thousand? Will it then be a more proper time to make a stand—to call upon her by some efficient measure to do us justice—to treat us as an independent nation,—or to tell her, that we will at least, cease to treat her as a friend?—I presume not, sir. I cannot conceive it proper that we should wait for such an event, before we make a stand in defence of our rights . On the contrary, it is my opinion, there can be no time more likely than the present, to render effectual any measure we may adopt. The present state of the war in Europe—which sufficiently occupies the great powers in that quarter, if properly considered, and its probable results, in regard to us, duly weighed, ought, it appears to me, to convince any man of reflection, that this is the most favorable moment, to insist on finally adjusting our differences on this subject with G. Britain. The right of our seamen to protection, while they sail under our flag, is undeniable. It is a perfect right , as much so as the right to be protected within our houses, or in our carriages on the highway. You ought, therefore, never to abandon it, on any pretence whatever—nay, sir, you cannot abandon it, in justice to your citizens, unless, indeed, you are willing to surrender your independence as a nation. The ocean is a highway for all nations, over which no one power has exclusive jurisdiction. If you resign this right now to Great Britain, what reason have you to believe she will not push her demands further, and urge you to resign another, that may be still more important? It is high time that this business was brought to a final close—for if your seamen are to be seized wherever they are found on the ocean, you had better strip your ships of every sail they carry—confine your citizens within the limits of your own jurisdiction, to fight your own battles, should it become necessary, rather than see them exposed against their will, in fighting the battles of a foreign nation.
The second ground of complaint is the aggressions committed on our commerce, contrary to the law of nations, and in violation of every principle of justice. G. Britain assumes to herself the right to interdict to neutral nations a commercial intercourse with the colonies of her enemies, except under such modification as she has been pleased to prescribe. She justifies the capture of your vessels on the ground of their being engaged in a commerce, during the war, that was not open to them in time of peace. If this principle be once admitted as correct, and carried to the full extent of which it is capable it will be found in its consequences, almost wholly, to destroy, not only the commerce of this country as a neutral, but that of every neutral nation in the world. You are told you must not in time of war , exceed your accustomed traffic in time of peace . What is the consequence? War in a great degree destroys the trade which you were accustomed to enjoy in time of peace, as a great part of it becomes contraband of war; and this new principle shuts up all the avenues of commerce that were opened, in consequence of, or even during the war. What commerce, then, let me ask, will be left to the neutral? None, sir, that will deserve the name of commerce. But the reasons advanced in support of this principle, will go still further to shew its destructive consequences. One of the reasons given why you must not carry on this trade, is, because it is beneficial to the enemies of G. Britain, as you thereby furnish them with provisions and other articles of merchandise, which relieve them from the pressure of the war, and prevent her from deriving all the benefits she otherwise would do, from her superiority at sea. If there is any solidity in this reasoning, it will go the whole length to prohibit you from carrying the productions of your own farms to any nation, the enemy of G. Britain. Your provisions, bread stuff, beef and pork, are surely as useful for carrying on war as the produce of the West India islands. She has hitherto, it is true, applied this reasoning only to the productions of the colonies, but it will equally apply to those of your own country. Hence the injustice, and absurdity of the principle must appear evident to every discerning and unprejudiced mind. But she has already in carrying into effect her new principle, gone further than merely to prohibit neutrals from carrying colonial produce directly to the ports of her enemies. She has laid the ground work to prevent you from carrying to those ports your own productions. Your vessels are seized and condemned for being engaged in conveying to her enemies colonial produce, which have been fairly purchased and paid for by your citizens, brought to this country, and according to your revenue laws, made a part of the common stock of the nation. If there is a shade of difference in principle between this case, and that in which the produce of your own farms should be captured on its way to the same enemies ports, it is as flimsy as can be conceived to exist. When your people have purchased the productions of other countries, and fairly paid for them—brought them into your own, and complied with your municipal regulations respecting them, they become neutralised, and as much a part of the common stock of the nation
as if they had been raised on your farms—and the same principle that would inhibit you from carrying these to the ports of a belligerent, would by parity of reasoning, prevent you from carrying to the same ports the productions of your own farms.
But, Mr. Chairman, let us for a moment enquire, whence G. Britain derives the right according to any known principle of law or justice, to seize and condemn colonial produce, the property of a neutral, in consequence of its being destined for the ports of the parent state, her enemy? Strangers can acquire no rights against each other, in consequence of the domestic regulations relative to commerce, which a power independent of them, may choose to establish. Suppose, France by law, in time of peace, should prohibit the importation of colonial produce to her ports, on the continent, except in her own vessels. G. Britain could have no right to capture an American vessel engaged in such trade. France alone could rightfully seize and condemn such vessel for the infraction of her laws—but no other power could have such right. Suppose such prohibition is removed by France, during a war, and the trade declared lawful—could G. Britain thereby acquire a right to capture such vessel for being engaged in a trade now declared lawful, which she could not do, when it was unlawful? Certainly she would not. Such doctrine would be contrary to the plainest dictates of reason and common sense. She had no right to capture such vessels, while the prohibition continued, and she could not certainly acquire the right by such prohibition being removed. The intervention of war cannot alter the case, for the rights of neutrals, except as to contraband, remain the same in time of war, as they were during peace. I must therefore, consider this principle, assumed by G. Britain as a flagrant violation of the law of nations, contrary to every principle of justice, and such as ought not to be sanctioned by this or any other independent nation. If you tamely submit in this instance, she will assuredly push her aggressions still further; encroach on your rights, step by step, as her convenience and interest may require, until she has effectually destroyed your commerce, and monopolised to herself the whole of its profits. That part of our commerce, that becomes immediately subject to the operation of this new principle, has been stated as very unimportant, and under the name of the carrying trade, has been ridiculed as not meriting the notice of government. A very few remarks, however, will, I apprehend, shew that it is not so insignificant as has been represented. In our trade with G. Britain there is a balance in her favor of nearly twelve millions of dollars. This balance must be paid out of the proceeds of the exports of the United States to other countries. Many of those countries that consume a great portion of our produce, cannot give us specie in return—our merchants must therefore, in such cases, take in return, the produce and manufactures of such countries instead of specie—and as the quantity of foreign produce and goods thus received, exceeds the amount necessary to supply the demands for consumption in this country; it becomes important that this surplus should be carried to other markets, where there is a demand for it—and where specie can be obtained in return. This has heretofore been done by our merchants, by first importing such foreign produce into our own country, and then re-exporting the same for a market—and by means of this trade alone have they been enabled to discharge the balance against us in our trade with G. B. The annual value of imports into the United States, amounts to about seventy five millions of dollars—of this, twenty eight millions are re-exported to all parts of the world, and of that amount, eighteen millions go to the dominions of Holland, France, Spain, and Italy. The greater part of which is subject to capture by the new principle of the law of nations acted upon by G. Britain. This is the carrying trade, Sir, which gentlemen have considered so unimportant, as not to merit the attention of government. Instead of estimating this trade at 850,000 dollars as gentlemen have done, being the net revenue derived therefrom, (and which is not considered as paid by citizens of the United States) it may fairly be eliminated at nearly eighteen millions, or about one fourth of the whole of your imports, nearly in the proportion of eighteen million to seventy-five. For if your merchants are not permitted to re-export the surplus foreign produce to these markets where there is a demand for it, it will remain on their hands, and rot in their store houses. This would also link the price of your own produce, as there could not be a sufficient demand for it, because your merchants would not receive in return foreign produce. Your trade must, therefore, be diminished nearly in the proportion before stated. I ask gentlemen if this trade is cut off, how your merchants are to get specie to meet the balance in favor of G. Britain of twelve millions of dollars? If this cannot be done, your imports must diminish in proportion as

the means of remittance fail, and your revenue must also feel the shock, and suffer in the same proportion as your importations are lessened. This is a view of the subject, which I presume, deserves, at least the serious consideration of gentlemen, and I beg of them to pause before they agree to relinquish without a struggle this portion of our national rights. For if you submit in this instance, to the interdiction imposed by G. Britain, of carrying colonial produce to the ports of her enemies, she will assuredly advance her pretensions as already stated, still further, and insist on the right to prohibit you from supplying them with your own; and it may fairly be asked, on the ground the business, where is the difference, between sending colonial produce to her enemies & sending your own produce? The quantum of injury to her, and of benefit to them will be the same—and she will have nearly the same right to prohibit in the one case as in the other. This shows the necessity of taking some decisive step that will convince G. Britain we are determined not to submit to such aggressions, that will tell her in firm and manly language, thus far you may go, but not farther. On this subject also our government has remonstrated to that of G. Britain without effect—No satisfactory arrangements could be obtained, and there is no greater prospect of an amicable adjustment of our differences with that nation at this moment, than there was a year ago, nor have I any idea we shall find ourselves in a better situation, in this respect, one, two, or three years hence, if we tamely acquiesce, than we are now. There is, therefore, no ground for delay—we can derive no benefit from it—this is the time we ought to act the most propitious that is likely to present itself.
I shall in the next place, Mr. Chairman, notice the present state of our relations with G. Britain, in order to ascertain whether we are prohibited by any existing treaty or regulation, from adopting such measures in regard to her, as the present state of our affairs may seem to require. We have no commercial treaty with that nation, except in relation to her colonies on the continent of America, adjacent to the U. S. We are therefore at liberty to adopt such regulations in regard to our commerce with her, as our situation may require. We are certainly not bound, before we adopt a commercial regulation, to enquire how Great Britain would approve it—or that it might affect her interest—except so far as to ascertain its efficiency to induce her to remove the grounds of complaint. We undoubtedly have the right to declare with what nation we will carry on commerce, and the nature and extent of that commerce, without giving just cause of war. This is a right inherent in every independent nation—and in the exercise of it we are not to be guided by the power or weakness of the nation it may effect. The right is the same whether Great Britain has one hundred or one thousand ships of war—and if you resign this right to regulate your own commerce, you may as well resign your independence as a nation. But in justifying this conduct towards us, does Great Britain pretend we have acted unmercifully to her? No—she has taken no such ground—except indeed in stating that this part of our commerce is beneficial to her enemies, which would equally apply to any other part of our trade with them. There is, therefore, no concession we can make, consistent with our just rights as a nation, that would be likely to produce a relinquishment on her part of the ground she has taken. Believing, therefore, the conduct of Great Britain to be such, as requires some efficient measure to be taken on our part, and believing also we have a right, without giving just cause of war, to adopt the resolution under consideration, or any other of a similar nature, I shall proceed to enquire the effects such a measure would have on Great Britain, and the probability that it would induce her to do us justice. There is at present annually imported into this country from the dominions of Great Britain, merchandise to the amount of thirty five millions of dollars—for the greater part of which she receives specie, or American produce, equally valuable, and more necessary for her support as a nation. In this trade there is in her favour a balance of twelve millions of dollars. Surely, sir, it can require no argument to convince any man of the vast importance to Great Britain of a trade that furnishes a market for so great a quantity of her produce and manufactures—supplies her in return with those articles, which are most necessary for her support, and produces a balance in her favour of twelve millions of dollars. A total or partial interdiction of this trade would diminish her profits derived therefrom, in proportion to the extent of such interdiction. Her manufactures would remain on hand and rot in her store houses—there would be no demand for them in European markets—when the like articles are furnished from the manufactures of their own countries, and the resources of the nation would suffer in proportion as the trade was stagnated. If we are to pay any regard to the public prints of that nation, we must conclude, such a measure would have a very serious effect upon her interest. They inform us, that country would sustain an annual loss of seven millions sterling, by the operation of a measure similar to that before you. Is it likely, sir, her merchants would tamely submit to such a
loss? No, they would not—they would call on their government to remove the cause, and their power and influence there, are too well known to believe they would not be heard. Further, Mr. Chairman—such a measure would induce our merchants to seek other markets, where they could vend our produce and receive the necessary supplies. In this Great Britain would discover the dangerous consequences likely to arise from her injustice, and feel sensibly the effects it might produce on her mercantile interest. This measure would have another effect in regard to us. It would render us less dependent than we are on Great Britain—which I conceive would be a very fortunate circumstance—for I cannot consider the interest of this country to be united too closely with, or rendered dependent on any foreign nation, by means of mercantile connections with her citizens—and in proportion as our connections with, and dependence on Great Britain, would cease in this respect, in the same proportion we should be freed from foreign influence, and from the effects produced by her mercantile interest on the public mind, in some portions of this country. Permit me here, Mr. Chairman, to notice an observation made by the honorable Speaker, (Mr. Macon) when he enquired why our merchants did not now go to other markets, than those of Great Britain? The answer is obvious, from what has been already said. Many of our merchants are connected with British merchants—many of them the mere factors of British merchants, trading with British capital—such men will not seek other markets, while they are permitted to procure their merchandise in that country, where they have their capital and connections—where they are better known, and have more extensive credit—our real American merchants have also large connections, and extensive credit there, and they will be unwilling to relinquish these, unless government shall, by some effective measure, give a new direction to trade and a new impulse to our commercial affairs. But let this once take place, and I am convinced our merchants will be able to procure most, if not all, of the articles we consume at other European markets; those of France, Spain, Holland, Italy and Germany, &c. on as good terms, or very nearly so, as in G. Britain; and the channels of trade once changed, Great Britain will find it difficult to restore them to their former direction. This she must know, and when she sees the conduct she is now pursuing will produce this effect, there is reason to believe she will relinquish the ground she has taken and do us justice. It is her interest—it is her true policy to do so.
It is said however, that though we interdict importation from G. Britain, she will be able, notwithstanding, to discharge, or dispose of all her manufactures—that they will find other markets, and through them find their way to the United States. This is an evasive, and an inconclusive argument. It may be a sound general principle, that commerce on a large scale, will seek its markets, and find its level, as the waters do in the ocean; but regulations, such as that before you, will affect its course, change its direction, impede its progress, and determine its channels, so as to deprive some countries of its benefits, in favor of others, in the same manner, that mountains, hills, and valleys change and shape the directions of water courses in their progress to the ocean.
But it is insisted this measure will produce war—I consider it entirely in the nature of a commercial regulation, and such as cannot, as already stated, give any just cause of war. But it is asked will Great Britain inquire, whether it is or is not just cause of war? Will she not consider it so, because it is against her interest? If gentle men will have it, that G. Britain has abandoned every principle of justice, it is in vain to expect the will, on any occasion, be governed by reason or motives of propriety in her conduct towards us, if she is totally regardless of common right, and governed by her interests alone, she waits only a more favorable opportunity to give our commerce a more deadly blow—and it is therefore high time to withdraw ourselves from all connections with her. But I am not prepared to go this length; I cannot believe a great nation, who holds a high and dignified rank among the powers of the earth, would expose herself to the indignation and derision of the world, by abandoning all respect for justice and public right. I must believe she still retains some regard for her national honor—and if not for her honor, she does for her interest all that she could say, with any colour of justice, would be that she has the right to adopt other regulations on her part to counteract yours. Let us enquire into the effect of such regulations. She may say, your produce shall not go to her colonies, her islands or any of her dominions. If she takes this measure, she will prepare the most effectual scourge for her own subjects. She will reduce the inhabitants of those islands, not only to a state of starvation, but force them at length, in all probability, into insurrection. We have already witnessed the complaints of those people to the mother country. We have seen the picture they have drawn of their sufferings and distress, and their declarations that they cannot exist without the produce of the United States. How then shall Britain retaliate? She cannot do it effectually, without injuring herself more than she
will you. Hence I am clearly of opinion, the adoption of proper measures on our part—of measures similar to that before you, would be likely to produce the desired effect in the conduct of G. Britain, towards us.
An important inquiry remains to be made. And that is, the effects such a measure, as that now before you, would produce on the commerce of the United States—on the revenue, and on the agricultural interest. It has been insisted that it would destroy your commerce. This must be on the supposition that it would produce war. I have endeavoured to show this would not be the necessary nor even the probable consequence of it. I am not, however, prepared to vote for it, at this time in its present shape—but I do not refuse my assent to it, because I believe it to be a war measure—nor because I think Great Britain herself would consider it so;—but because I conceive it more advisable to adopt a measure that will not so materially affect, either your commerce, your revenue, or your agricultural interest. On this ground I would myself prefer a measure that would impose additional duties on British merchandise, or I would agree to interdict the importation into this country, of certain specified articles, the growth or manufacture of Great Britain, as proposed by the resolution, introduced by the gentleman from Maryland. This measure would not have a very serious effect upon the commerce of our country, as such articles might be selected, and indeed are in the resolution alluded to, as could be conveniently enough procured at other markets. It would at the same time, paralyse the most valuable and profitable portion of British manufactures, and injure the mercantile interest of that country against the present unjust proceedings of their government; the result cannot well be doubted, by those who know the powerful influence their merchants have over the affairs of that nation. The amount of duties arising from merchandise imported from G. Britain, paying a duty ad valorem, is somewhat less than three millions and a half of dollars. The articles proposed to be prohibited are chiefly of the description paying such duty, but do not include the whole of them. The introduction will not probably extend to more than one half the merchandise in value, paying such duty. But suppose the amount of duty on the prohibited articles, should be two millions—the only diminution of revenue that could take place must arise from a failure on the part of our merchants to obtain those articles at other markets—and would be only proportioned to such failure. Suppose they should fail in obtaining those articles to the extent of one fourth of the whole—the loss of revenue would be proportioned, and might be estimated at half a million; though I do not myself, from the best information I have been able to obtain, believe it would exceed one or two hundred thousand dollars. This loss of revenue is certainly not so important as to prevent us from adopting, and once adopted, adhering to a measure we deem calculated to vindicate our rights. I shall not descend into details, as to the countries in which those articles can be procured. Merchandise gentlemen have spoken, and differed on this subject; but from the most correct information, to be obtained here, I am of opinion there are few articles now got from the dominions of G. Britain, which are necessary for our consumption, that may not be obtained from other markets. Hence, sir, it does appear to me, that such a measure as that above proposed, would not in any great degree affect your commerce or your revenue.
(Mr. Campbell's speech to be continued.)
WASHINGTON CITY. MONDAY, APRIL 21.
On Saturday the Senate considered the bill, sent from the House of Representatives, repealing the acts laying duties on salt, and continuing in force, for a farther time, the first section of the act, entitled, "an act further to protect the commerce and seamen of the U. S. against the Barbary powers," and struck out the two first sections which repeal the acts laying duties on salt—Yeas 16—Nays 9.
Our last paper contains an erroneous statement, into which we were led by an error in the Journal of the Senate, from which we made an extract relative to the proceedings of that body on the bill to prohibit the importation of certain goods, wares, and merchandise.
In this statement the Yeas and Nays are given, as though they had been taken on the resolution offered by Mr. Tracy, whereas they were in fact taken on the motion of Mr. Tracy to postpone the bill, for the purpose of considering that resolution.
THURSDAY, APRIL 17. On motion of Mr. Ely, the following resolution was adopted. Resolved, That the President of the U. S. be requested to take effectual measures to cause the south wing of the Capitol to be prepared for the accommodation of the House of Representatives by the commencement of the next session of Congress.
Mr. Varnum offered a resolution, for making provision by law for allowing the military commandants in the territory of Louisiana three months pay, from
the period of the expiration of their appointments, to enable them to return to their homes, except in cases where such commandants shall have been appointed to some other office in the territory of Louisiana under the government of the U. S.
This resolution was opposed by Mr. R. Nelson, and disagreed to, Ayes 13.
Mr. Dana offered the following resolutions which he said it was not his purpose to press on the consideration of the House this session, if they should be found to interfere with other important business.
Resolved, That provision ought to be made for the better protection of the commerce and seamen of the U. S. against aggressions and outrages in the seas of the West Indies.
Resolved, That it is expedient to provide for regulating the conduct of such merchant vessels as, by agreement of the respective owners, may sail in concert for mutual assistance, and defence in any lawful commerce, and also for settling, according to the course of proceeding in courts of admiralty, the respective rates of contribution to be made between them on account of any loss or damage which may be thereby incurred.
Resolved, That for the encouragement and security of seamen of the U. S. it is expedient to make provision that registered ships or vessels, which may be employed in voyages to foreign ports after the
next, shall not continue to enjoy the benefits and privileges appertaining to ships or vessels of the U. S. unless some proportion of the mariners on board the same shall be citizens of the U. S.
Mr. J. Randolph from the committee of Ways and Means, reported a bill making appropriations for carrying into effect the treaty with the Cherokee tribe of Indians, which was referred to a committee of the whole House this day; and which, having passed through such committee, was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading on Saturday.
Messages were received from the Senate stating that they had rejected the bill prescribing the effect in each state of the records of judgement, and decrees of the courts of record of every other state—that they had passed the bill making a further appropriation towards completing the south wing of the Capitol, and the bill making appropriations for the navy during the year 1806—and that they had passed the bill establishing trading houses with the Indian tribes, with an amendment. In this amendment the House concurred; the bill has consequently passed both Houses.
The House resolved itself into a committee of the whole—Mr. Gregg in the chair—on the bill making provision for the compensation of witnesses, who attended the trial of the impeachment of Samuel Chase.
Mr. J. Clay moved to insert after the word "summoned"—"on behalf of the House of Representatives"—so as to limit the payment of witnesses to those summoned on behalf of the House of Representatives.
This motion prevailed—Ayes 44—Nays 39—when the committee rose and reported the bill.
The House concurred in the amendment made in committee of the whole—when the bill was read a third time and passed.
The committee, who were appointed on the 21st of March, 1806, to enquire into the conduct of Gideon Granger, Post-Master General of the U. S. and report whether, in their opinion, the said Gideon Granger hath so acted, in his capacity as post-master general, as to require the interposition of the constitutional powers of this House, submit the following REPORT—
THAT the committee, without loss of time, engaged in the duties assigned them, and have made some progress therein. It was the sincere desire of the committee that the enquiry should be concluded during the present session, as well as the wish of the post-master general; but from the distance and dispersed situation of the witnesses, whose testimony was deemed necessary, and the approaching close of the session, it is found impracticable. While the committee regret the situation of a public officer laboring under the suspicious appearance of a constitutional scrutiny into his conduct, yet in a government like ours, where watchfulness of men in office is the surest guarantee of the preservation of the liberty of the people, the public functionaries must yield their feelings to the general benefit, and endure a temporary inconvenience as an honorable sacrifice to the freedom of our institutions.
That a hasty and premature result is less to be desired on the part of an officer supported by a consciousness of the integrity of his conduct, than the suspension of an inquiry that may terminate in a satisfactory refutation of charges, which, on the part of the accused, are affirmed to be without foundation, the committee have no hesitation in believing.
Justice to the public as well as to the individual requires a thorough investigation, which is found to be impossible before the final adjournment.
The committee, therefore, recommend a postponement of the farther inquiry until the next session of Congress.
Ordered to lie on the table.
FRIDAY, APRIL 18. The House again resolved itself into a committee of the whole on the bill supplementary to the act fixing the naval peace establishment.
Much discussion took place on the details of this bill, and particularly on augmenting the number of officers beyond the number fixed by the act of 1801. Various motions were made to reject the parts of the bill having this effect, as well as to make an appropriation for building frigates to replace the Philadelphia and General Greene; all of which were disagreed to—when the bill was read a third time.
Mr. Chandler spoke in favor of, and Messrs. J. Clay and J. Randolph against its passage, which was carried—Yeas 58—Nays 28.
SATURDAY, APRIL 19. The House considered the message of the Senate, to amend the bill to carry into effect the treaty with the Chickasaw tribe of Indians, by striking out those sections which authorise a resort to military force to expel persons attempting to settle on certain lands in the Mississippi territory, without having received titles to the same from the U. S. States—and having disagreed to the amendment passed by the Senate—Yeas 53—Nays 35—resolved to adhere to their disagreement thereto.
A short time after a message was received from the Senate stating that they had resolved to adhere to their amendment. The bill is consequently lost.
The House went into a committee of the whole on the bill authorising the settlement of the accounts of William Eaton.
This bill provides for the settlement of these accounts by the accounting officers of the treasury, under the direction of the secretary of state.
After much discussion the committee rose, and the bill was ordered to a third reading on Monday.
[We have been obliged to postpone a full detail of the proceedings of the three last days to our next paper.]
Philadelphia April 16. On Tuesday, the 15th April instant, died suddenly the honorable EDWARD SHIPPEN, late chief justice of the supreme court of Pennsylvania, in the 78 year of his age.
At a meeting of the gentlemen of the Philadelphia bar.
JARED INGERSOLL, in the chair. It was unanimously resolved, that the gentlemen of the bar will attend, as mourners, the funeral of the late chief justice of Pennsylvania, the honorable Edward Shippen, & that they will wear crape on the left arm for thirty days, as a testimony of the respect they bear to his memory.
HOR. BINNEY, Secretary. April 16, 1806.
The brig Herculaneus Courtney, Philadelphia, in 7 days from Havana, has arrived at Charleston. Captain P. left Havana, the 25th March, and informs that while there, a vessel arrived from St. Thomas, the captain of which stated that the ship Leander, from New York, had been spoken in the Mona Passage by an English vessel, which permitted her to pass, as the captain of the Leander said the ship was bound to St. Domingo; she was afterwards spoken by another British ship to the southward of St. Domingo, when the same declaration was made, but the British captain observed that this was not probable, as she was entirely out of the way if she was bound there, and that he would send her in for examination; that general Miranda, who was on board, then showed him some papers which he had from the British government, the British captain immediately permitted the ship to proceed on her voyage. It was supposed she was bound to some place near the Caraccas.
A letter from Laguira, dated the 17th March, says "We have 10,000 men in arms to receive Mr. Miranda, who will have a warm reception. An embargo is laid on all vessels, and very uncertain when it will be taken off."
TYBER NAVIGATION.
THE COMMITTEE appointed to superintend the improvement of the Tyber Navigation having made considerable progress, it is their wish to lay before the Subscribers a statement of the expenses which have been incurred, with other information relative thereto. They therefore request a MEETING of the Subscribers at Mr. RHODR's tavern on Wednesday evening the 23d instant at 6 o'clock.
April 21—2t
FOR SALE,
A Handsome two story BRICK HOUSE, 22 feet front by 34 feet back, with a kitchen stable and carriage house, its situation for a public or private dwelling is superior to any house near the Navy Yard, it commands a perfect view of the Yard and shipping and is now rented for 300 dollars per annum. I will also sell a valuable unimproved Lot near the premises in 14 3/8—Young negroes will be taken in part payment. For terms apply to the subscriber living near the Navy Yard, or to Mr. Samuel McIntire.
NICHOLAS VOSS. Washington, Feb. 12.—wtf
TAKE NOTICE.
The creditors of PETER VAN WAGNER (late merchant in the city of New York an insolvent debtor) are requested to exhibit their accounts properly authenticated in or before the first day of May next to the subscriber for examination—when a dividend will be made of the said insolvent's property by
JOSEPH T. BALDWIN, assignee, Newark, New Jersey, April 22.—w4t

CHARLES H. VARDEN, MERCHANT TAYLOR, NEW JERSEY AVENUE, NEAR THE CAPITOL.
Respectfully informs the gentlemen of the District of Columbia that in addition to his former stock he has received by late arrivals at Philadelphia from London a choice assortment of superfine cloths, single and double milled cassimeres, Bennetts patent cord, woolvereen and waistcoating, fancy and black silk molekins, all of superior quality and newest fashion, plain and stripe black velvets, constitution cord, knap coatings, plushing flannels, &c. &c. with a variety of other articles in his line, and he pledges himself, to those gentlemen who shall favor him with their orders to complete them in the newest style of fashion.
N B. Ladies habits, regimentals, navy uniforms, made in the most fashionable manner. Washington, Dec. 13—tf
PUBLIC SALE.
By virtue of a deed in trust from Daniel Hurly, I will offer for Saturday the 3rd day of May next at 11 o'clock A. M. on the premises for cash, part of lot number one in square number eight hundred and forty five in the city of Washington with a well built two story BRICK HOUSE on the same occupying the rear of Robert Alexander, esq. and now occupied by Mr. Sandford. The title is indisputable as may be seen on application to
NICHOLAS VOSS. April 3—1843
Twenty Dollars Reward,
WILL be given for apprehending negro FLEMM, a very low and tolerable lolly woman about 38 years of age, but from appearance older, very black and much marked with the small pox which occasioned a small defect in one of her eyes, has lost one of her foreteeth, she is very artful and cunning, having procured a free pass, and passed by the name of Charity shorter. She was formerly the property of John Chittenden of this county, and was run away for near eight years, was apprehended and sold to me in 1803 and was hired by me to a certain Thomas King of Prince George's county, from whom she absconded in Oct. 1804 and has been lurking. I do suppose near where she was hired or gone to Calvert county where I have understood her husband has gone. The above reward will be given to any person who will lodge her in jail so that I get her again, or deliver her to Mr. Samuel Speake city of Washington, or to the fisherman living in Charles county Maryland, near Fort Tobacco.
P. S. I forewarn any person from harboring or employing said woman, at their peril. MASHY SIMMS. Nov. 29—tf
By virtue of a deed of trust from the heirs of John Brown late of Prince George's county deceased, I will offer at
PUBLIC AUCTION,
on the premises at 12 o'clock on Tuesday the 27th day of May next, if fair, if not the next fair day thereafter, ALL that valuable tract of Land formerly the property and in the occupation of the deceased, lying in the neighborhood of Robert Sewell, esq. about seven miles from Mount Airy and 12 from the city of Washington, containing about 350 acres of rich fertile land, well adapted to the culture of tobacco, corn, and every kind of small grain. Upwards of 25 acres of fine meadow. Land and a very great proportion of wood and timber of the most valuable kind.
Terms will be made known on the day of sale. CHARLES D. HODGES. April 11—tdtf
STELL'S HOTEL & CITY TAVERN.
THE Subscriber takes this method of thanking his friends and the public for their favors while on the Capitol Square and begs to acquaint them that he has taken the Stell's Hotel lately erected by Mr. Carroll, near the Capitol. The hotel being above one hundred feet in front, and containing fifty rooms enables the subscriber to offer every accommodation to members of Congress and travellers which can be expected in a public house.
PONTIUS D. STELL. Washington City, March 25—tf N. B.—P. D. S. will rent the house lately occupied by him on the adjoining square
FOR SALE.
I WILL sell or exchange for DRY GOODS Two BRICK BUILDINGS, well calculated for a retail store, being opposite the Centre Market for further particulars enquire of the subscriber on the premises. ROBERT HARRISON. April 3—tf
On a liberal credit.
THE subscriber will dispose of at private sale, his estate called Chichester, lying on the eastern branch, immediately opposite the city of Washington. This tract of land containing 697 acres is laid off in lots from 83 to 144 acres for the convenience of purchasers. Plats of the estate and the terms of sale are in the hands of colonel Manion at the navy yard, and Charles Wayman of George Town. The lots will be shown by Mr. Vedden, living on the premises, near the Eastern Branch bridge. ANTHONY ADDISON. Barnaby, 12th June 1805—tf
NOTICE
TO NON-RESIDENT OWNERS OF MILITARY LANDS.
THE Subscriber has made an arrangement with a gentleman in Ohio, by which he will be enabled, upon the amount being remitted to him in this city, to pay the taxes due or becoming due on Virginia and United States military lands.
The following are the rates of taxation. For the first quality 90 cents per 100 acres. Do. Second do. 65 do. Do. Third do. 40 do. MICHAEL NOURSE. April 16—
CITY OF WASHINGTON, Sept. 9, 1805.
Several persons under the impression that the public lots in this city are to be disposed of in future by public sales only , having made enquiries when the next sale will probably take place, we are requested to state that those lots may at any time be purchased at private sale of the Superintendent of the City.
Sept. 9—tf By virtue of a decree of the honorable the Circuit court of the District of Columbia for the county of Washington, in the suit of James Barry, complainant, against
Dorothy O'Brien, James O'Brien, Mary Anne O'Brien and John O'Brien, defendants in Chancery.
Will be sold at Public Auction,
To the highest bidder on Monday the 28th of April next at St. Steele's hotel, all those two parcels of land situate in the city of Washington near the Eastern Branch, and contiguous to Booth's wharf, bounded as follows:
The first beginning at the intersection at the west side of South Capitol Street, with Water Street, and running thence with South Capitol Street eighty-four feet, thence due west thirty feet two inches to Water Street, and thence with Water Street to the beginning. The second part beginning at the end of one hundred and fifty-six feet measured westwardly from the north east corner of square numbered six hundred and sixty-two on the fourth side of South R Street, running thence south one hundred and thirty feet, thence west sixty four feet three inches, thence north one hundred and thirty feet to South R Street, and thence east with the line of said street to the beginning, with the improvements and appurtenances on the same two pieces of land or either of them being or appertaining. The only improvement on the first piece or parcel of ground above mentioned is a two story framed Dwelling House, and on the other a single story framed building—any person desirous of purchasing said property can be shown it by applying at the Clerk's Office.
The sale to commence at 12 o'clock precisely. The terms ready money, or money to be paid immediately on the Court ratifying and confirming said sale. The time of which ratification and confirmation, will be notified in the same papers in which the sale is advertised.
LEWIS FORD, Trustee. April 7—3w
Bank of Columbia.
THE board of directors having this day declared a dividend for the half year ending the 20th inst. at the rate of TEN per cent. per annum. The same will be paid to the stock holders, or their representatives on or after Thursday the 20th inst. WILLIAM WHANN, Cashier. March 10—6w
A BARGAIN.
THE subscriber offers for sale the farm he now occupies, containing near 300 acres with or without the stock thereon. It is distant from the cities of Georgetown and Washington, about five miles, and well known as a healthy situation. There is much fine fruit trees, and abounds with springs, affording as good water as in the United States. A considerable proportion of the land has been in clover, and from thirty to fifty acres fit for the cythe the ensuing summer. It is now in a very improving state, being altogether clear of broom fence, and from 40 to 50 acres ploughed and prepared for a spring crop, and from 30 to 40 acres well set with wheat and rye—some part of the land is calculated for tobacco, and plaster of paris answers well with it all. The dwelling house and other improvements may with small repairs be rendered very comfortable. From its vicinity to two growing cities many advantages result in supplying the markets. A purchaser may calculate on a good bargain, particularly if an early application be made. Some part of the purchase money will be required in cash or approved negotiable paper; the remainder rendered easy on negroes received in payment. The subscriber or William nearly residing on the farm will show it when required, and the terms made known by application to Mr. John Thompson, George Town, or Dr. WM. THORNTON, Washington.
Isaac Pollock, Fruit Hill, Some Lands calculated for the culture of cotton, Indian corn and small grain, situated on a navigable river in the healthiest part of the state of Georgia, will also be sold on reasonable terms or exchanged for negroes I. P. Jan. 20—entf
WILLIAM H. DORSEY,
ATTORNEY AT LAW, Has opened an office in George Town next door to the Bank of Columbia. He will attend Montgomery county court and the courts held in Washington county in the district of Columbia. April 4—1m
This is to give notice that if the
heirs of a certain STEPHEN REYNOLDS, who died on his way from the western country in the month of August 1803, and supposed to have been a native of the state of New Hampshire or one of the Eastern states will apply to JOHN RINE administrator living in the town of Cumberland, Alleghany county, state of Maryland, will hear of something to their advantage. By order of Alleghany county orphans court March 3—cp2m
All persons having claims against
the estate of Uriah Forrest accruing since his bankruptcy, are requested to have them proved according to law, and presented to Philip B. Key, before the 1st day of June next, that a distribution of the personal assets may be made as early as practicable. REBECCA FORREST, Executrix. April 4—4w
ELIAS B. CALDWELL,
ATTORNEY AT LAW, HAS removed his Office, to the house lately occupied by Mr. LAW, on Capitol Hill. Washington, July 26—tf
FOR SALE:
UPWARDS of 2000 acres of Land lying on each side of Little River in Loudon county being part of the Goose Creek tract of land purchased of the late col. Charles Carter; the river runs nearly through the middle of it and forms on each side upwards of two hundred acres of low grounds, of which about forty acres is timothy. It is in general good farm land, and remarkable for the production of grass and of timothy in particular. About three fourths of the tract in my own occupation, the remainder in the possession of tenants. The land lies well, abounds in good springs, and has a sufficiency of white and red oak timber, and some fine poplars. The purchaser may be supplied with stock of every kind, also with from 20 to about 30 negroes in families, and taking them in that manner upon very reasonable terms; the land lies at the same distance (40 miles from Washington, Alexandria, and Danfries, eight miles from Leesburg & six from Middlebury; there is on the part in my occupation a small dwelling house containing two rooms and an entry below, and two rooms above stairs, a kitchen, good stable and carriage house and other necessary buildings, all of them erected within the last five years, a good garden. The purchaser may be accommodated in the payments.
JOSEPH JONES, Near Leesburg, Loudon County, April 7—pam
TO RENT,
THE COMMODOIOUS BRICK STORE near the CAPITOL, now in the occupation of Messrs. P. HEALY & Co. Possession to be given on the 1st of May. Enquire of Frederick May. March 28—tf
WANTED,
either a school master or mistress, to reside with a gentleman in the upper part of Virginia, apply at this office. March 19—
FOR SALE,
AT Bath (Berkeley Springs) Virginia, a HOUSE & LOT thereon belonging (late the property of Thomas Palmer, deceased.) The premises are calculated for a genteel family, or would make an excellent Boarding house, having thereon a smoke house, coach house and stables, with a garden laid out with much taste and inclosed with a good board fence. Also near the town, are for sale, SEVEN acres of LAND, inclosed with a stone wall. The whole will be sold very low, or exchanged for property in or near any of the large towns or cities. Apply to John Davidson, Washington city, or to Wm. Alexander, esq. Bath, aforesaid. Note—if not sold, it will be let for the season. April 16—tf
ON Monday the 21st day of April
next, if fair, if not the next fair day, will be sold on the premises at 12 o'clock at public sale to the highest bidder, the dwelling plantation of the late WM. DISGES, containing 230 acres of Land. There is on the premises a handsome commodious dwelling house, stable, barn and negro quarters. The Land likewise, is of good quality and well suited to planter—there is an excellent garden and a great deal of choice fruit—the dwelling house is distant 4 miles from George town; and from the beauty of its situation, its healthiness and other advantages, a more desirable place for the residence of a gentleman cannot be offered. It is at present subject to the life estate of a lady upwards of 70 years old, and will be sold under that incumbency. And at the same time and place will be sold, plantation on Rock creek, containing 215 acres, of which 100 acres is in wood—This tract has on it a fine Mill seat, distant about 5 miles from the city of Washington. And at the same time and place will be sold between 15 & 20 valuable likely negroes—men, women and children, among the former are some valuable tradesmen and farmers—the negroes are orderly and sober, and all raised in the family, and nothing but the embarrassments of the estate could compel a sale of them—Terms of sale for the negroes, notes with approved indorsers payable 1 3 in 60, 1 3 in 90 and 1 3 in 120 days—the land on a credit of 1, 2, and 3 years with interest from day of sale—If any default in payment of any installment, the whole to become due. JOSEPH W. CLAGETT, } Trustees. P. PHILIP B. KEY. March 17—cp4w.
10 DOLLARS REWARD.
RANAWAY from the subscriber's plantation near this place on Sunday last, Negro JIM, distinguished in the neighborhood by the name of JIM ELLIMER, he is a straight thin made black man about 20 years old, 5 feet eight or 9 inches high, has a remarkable wart near one of his temples; speaks but seldom unless spoken to; his clothing unknown—Having several acquaintances in the city of Washington it is supposed he has gone to that place, where he will probably lurk for several days; he has a grandmother at Mr. Stell's. The above reward will be paid to any person who will deliver said fellow to the subscriber, or lodge him in any jail so that the subscriber shall get him again—if lodged in the city jail by any person who will call on captain Hamilton the reward will be paid them. WM. B. BEANES. Upper Marlboro, April 13—3t
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD
will be given for apprehending and securing so that the owner may get her again, a likely negro girl named ANN, about twenty years of age—of dark complexion, large eyes of rather a down look—& of middle stature. She absconded from George Town about four or five weeks ago. She formerly belonged to John Brent, esq. near Fort-10bacco, in Charles County, state of Maryland. She took with her sundry articles of wearing apparel, among which were a black silk short gown, and a red pink ditto. She appears, when spoken to, diffident and unassuming. The above reward will be paid if she is taken out of this district, and ten dollars if taken in it. GEORGE FLOYD, one of the Constables of George town. March 21—2wtf
TO BE SOLD.
By the subscriber, a neat and commodious BRICK HOUSE in the town of Bladensburg, four miles from the city of Washington, with about two acres of ground belonging thereto, comprehending a large and fertile garden, a handsome yard, &c. and all kind of fruit trees; also a meat House, Stable and other necessary houses and conveniences; the whole well inclosed and ornamented by a great number of locust & Lombardy poplar trees. One fourth part of the purchase money to be paid down and the residue in three equal annual payments with interest thereon from the day of sale. A application to be made to me residing on the premises. ALEXANDER M'DONALD, Bladensburg, April 18—3t
BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES.
WHEREAS by the first article of the terms and conditions declared by the President of the United States on the 17th day of October, 1791, for regulating the materials and manner of building and improvements on the lots in the city of Washington, it is provided "that the outer and party walls of all houses in the said city shall be but of brick or stone" and by the third article of the same terms and conditions it is declared "that the wall of no house shall be higher than forty feet to the roof in any part of the city, nor shall any be lower than thirty five feet on any of the avenues." And whereas the above recited articles were found to impede the settlement in the city, of mechanics and others whose circumstances did not admit of erecting houses authorized by the said regulations, for which cause the operation of the said articles has been suspended by several acts of the President of the United States, from the fifth day of June in the year 1796 to the first day of January last, and beneficial effects arising from such suspensions having been experienced it is deemed proper to revive the same with the exception hereinafter mentioned.
WHEREAS I THOMAS JEFFERSON, President of the United States, Do declare that the first and third articles above recited shall be, and the same are hereby suspended until the first day of January in the year one thousand eight hundred and seven, and that all houses which shall be erected in the said city of Washington previous to the said first day of January in the year one thousand eight hundred and seven conformable in other respects to the regulations aforesaid shall be considered as lawfully erected, except that no wooden house covering more than three hundred and twenty square feet, or higher than 12 feet from the floor to the eve shall be erected, nor shall such house be placed within twenty four feet of any brick or stone house. Given under my hand the twenty-fifth day of February 1806. TH. JEFFERSON. Feb. 23—2awtf
Thirty Dollars Reward,
FOR apprehending and securing in jail negro JACOB, who is a low well made fellow, about 25 years of age, complexion rather black, tho' not deep, has a pleasant countenance, is stout made about the shoulders and breast with small legs, has a loppage in his speech and cannot make a quick reply, when spoken to without shutting his eyes or being in motion, which is very observable, his clothing was blue negro cotton jacket and overalls, ozunburgh shirt, and wool hat, though they are subject to change, he was late the property of Richard B. Beall of Fauquier county, Virginia, and cloped about the 6th of Nov ember last. The constables and others of the city of Washington, George Town, Alexandria, Baltimore, Philadelphia and Norfolk are requested to look out for the said runaway slave, as he above reward will be immediately paid them on the terms specified by JOHN KEDDLE. City of Washington, Dec. 16—2awtf
TO RENT.
THE STORE & DWELLING HOUSE now occupied Dr. Patterson, next door to James Madison's, esq. Possession given the first day of April next—I will also rent the Wharf formerly belonging to Mr. Lewis Deblois on the Eastern Branch, one square above the Navy Yard. Its situation for a Lumber, Coal, and Wood yard, is equal to any in the city of Washington—its terms apply to John Hewitt, esq. or to the subscriber near the Navy Yard. NICHOLAS VOSS. City of Washington, March 14—2awtf
Fresh Garden Seeds, &c.
THEOPHILUS HOLT respectfully informs his friends and the public that he has received from London per ship Mararo to Baltimore, and for sale, a very extensive assortment of fresh Garden Seeds, garden tools grass seeds, bird feed. Split peas and flour of mustard by the pound. He also has for sale a variety of bulbous flower roots, fruit trees, flowering shrubs, Lombardy poplars, &c. &c. The customary allowance made to Gardeners and those who purchase to sell again. Washington City, Dec. 13—2awtf P. S. An assortment of the garden seeds are for sale at Dr. Ott's George Town.
TUNSTALL'S
PATENT THRESHING MACHINE. COMPLETE sets of cast Iron Wheels, made purposely for this valuable machine also Patent Licences, according to law; may be bought of H. Foxall, esq. George Town Foundry district of Columbia; and at T. Hogan's Street Washington city, of the Patentee; with whom contracts and patent rights for districts may be agreed for on reasonable terms. A machine capable to thresh with two horses or men 200 bushels in a day, will cost about 150 dollars. The horse wheel cast iron, in one piece, may also work other kinds of mills. A quantity of straw supposed to contain 200 bushels of wheat has been threshed with this machine, and did produce after a whole day, only one pint and half. Letters to be post paid. April 9—wtd
INFORMATION TO TRAVELLERS.
THE subscribers beg leave to inform the public that on the first day of April next, a new, expeditious and convenient LINE OF STAGES, will be established between the cities of Philadelphia and Washington—to run in the following order of time and place: A stage with the mail, will leave Branton's tavern, in Wilmington, every Monday and Wednesday, at 5 o'clock A. M. and arrive at Chester town early in the evening on the same day. A stage with the mail, will leave Chester town every Tuesday and Thursday, at 5 o'clock A. M. and arrive at Rock Hall by early breakfast. A comfortable and fast sailing packet, with the mail, will leave Rock Hall on every Tuesday and Thursday, at 8 o'clock A. M. and arrive at Annapolis, with a favorable wind, in the course of two and a half hours, at any rate in the course of the same day. A stage with the Eastern Shore of Maryland and Delaware mails, will leave Annapolis on Wednesdays and Fridays, and arrive at Washington and George town on the same days. The stage will leave Mr. Laughlin's hotel in George town, and Stetler's in Washington, on every Thursday and Sunday, at 5 o'clock A. M. and arrive at Annapolis on the same days. A packet will leave Annapolis on Mondays and Fridays, at 3 o'clock A. M. and arrive at Rock Hall on the same days, in time to proceed on to Chester town on the same evening. The stage will leave Chester town on Tuesdays and Saturdays, at 5 o'clock A. M. and arrive at Wilmington on the same days; from whence a stage runs to Philadelphia every day. One of the subscribers likewise begs leave to inform the public, that he is now established at the ancient and well known Ferry, ROOK HALL, and has provided good, safe and commodious packets, fitted up in the neatest manner for the accommodation of passengers. That a large and comfortable packet will leave Rock Hall, for Baltimore on the same days that the mail arrives at Annapolis, Tuesdays and Thursdays, at 9 o'clock A. M. and will leave Baltimore, from the lower end of Bow y's wharf, on Wednesdays and Saturdays, at 9 o'clock A. M. for Rock Hall. Each of the above packets are well calculated for the conveyance of horses and carriages. Horses and carriages will always be in readiness for the conveyance of passengers on their arrival at Rock Hall, to whatever place they may wish to proceed, in any neighboring part of the country, or to Chester town, from whence they may be conveyed to the northward or southward, by the regular line of stages; and that the Annapolis packet will leave Annapolis on Wednesdays for Rock Hall, and will leave Rock Hall, on Sundays for Annapolis, besides the regular day of carrying the mail, as above mentioned. We also flatters himself, that from his experience in maritime pursuits, and the confidence placed in him by many of the most respectable merchants in Baltimore, whilst following the sea faring life, that he has a competent knowledge to keep his boats in good order, for the comfort and convenience of passengers, and that he shall merit the patronage of a generous public, which he hereby respectfully solicits. It is unnecessary to make any comments on the advantages which entitles this route to a preference, to that round the waters of the Chesapeake bay. This affords a safe dry road, through a beautiful, level, and fertile country, from the Delaware state to the seat of government, whilst the other presents one continual scene of hills and vallies, generally filled with water and mire. Travellers on this route will not only derive advantage from good roads, shortening the distance, and incurring less expense, but will avoid the danger of injuring their health, by not being exposed to traveling by night. THOMAS HARRIS, Rock Hall, DAVID WETHERSPOON, Middle Town. March 26—18wtf
Runaways for Sale.
WILL be sold on the 28th day of April next for their jail fees, at the jail in Washington county one negro man named JACK, about 37 years old, five feet 9 inches high, of a black complexion, he has a natural gap in his teeth, he says he was sold about two years since to a Mr. Knoll (a trader in negroes) from the estate of gen. Bradley, in Sussex county, Virginia—At 180, A negro man who calls himself BILLY EVANS, about 26 years of age, 5 feet 7 inches high, considerably marked on his back with the whip, he says he was born free in Northumberland county, Virginia, where he was raised, and apprenticed to the shoe making business—had on when committed, a blue cloth coat, black hat, swansdown vest, and nankeen panaloons—It is conjectured that he belongs to a Mr. Shadrach Carter, Amherst county, Virginia. The sale will commence precisely at 11 o'clock. DANIEL C. BRENT, Marshal of the district of Columbia. March 10—wtdf
Will be sold at PUBLIC SALE
the property where I now live, on FRIDAY the 2d day of May next, at 12 o'clock. Two LOTS in square 88 fronting on Water Street, 78 feet 3 inches, and running back 131 1 2 feet which are inclosed in a handsome pales in garden—the buildings are a convenient frame dwelling house, smoke house & ice house. On the south side of Water Street, is a wharf sufficiently large to hold 200 cords of wood at once; this part of the property runs to the Harnburgh channel, and the situation equal to any in the city for a lumber, coal, or wood yard. The terms will be on third of the purchase money in hand, the other two thirds in nine and eighteen months on the purchaser giving negotiable notes on either the city or George Town banks, with sufficient indorsers, or I will take merchandise in lieu of cash for one half of the purchase money. JOHN STEPHEN. April 14—2awtf
FOR SALE,
second hand COACHES with a handsome pair of aged Harnels. This carriage is the property of a Lady who wishes to chit, and a bargain will be given. Application may be made to N. A. Washington, esq. of Rock Hill where the carriage may be seen. February 28—wtf