The gazette (Portland, Me.), 1798-07-30 00:00:00

The Gazette.
By ELEZER ALLEY JENKS, Portland, Maine.
[NUMBER 14.]
[VOLUME 1.]
Monday, July 30, 1798.
John Adams,
President of the United States of America,
To all whom it may concern.
THE citizen Joseph Philippe Le- ombe having heretofore produced to the Presi- dent of the United States his commission as Consul General of the French Republic within the United States of America, and another commission as Consul of the French Republic at Philadelphia; and in like manner the citizen Rozier having produced his commission as Vice Consul of the French Republic at Newyork; and the citizen Arcambal having produced his commission as Vice Consul of the French repub- lic at Newport; and the citizen Theodore Charles Mozard having produced his commis- sion as consul of the French republic within the United States of New Hampshire, Massachusetts and Rhode Island; and the President of the United States having thereupon granted an ex-quatur to each of the French citizens above named, recognizing them in their respective consular offices above mentioned, and declaring them respectively free to exercise and enjoy such functions, powers and privileges as are allowed to a consul general, consuls and vice consuls of the French republic by the treaties, conventions and laws in that case made and provided: And the Congress of the United States, by their act passed the seventh day of July, 1798, having declared, "That the United States are of right freed and exonerated from the stipulations of the treaties, and of the consular convention, heretofore concluded between the United States & France; and that the same shall not henceforth be regarded as legally obligatory on the government or citizens of the United States;" and by a former act passed the thirteenth day of June, 1798, the Congress of the United States having "suspended the com- mercial intercourse between the U. S. and France and the dependencies thereof;" which commercial intercourse was the direct and chief object of the Consular establishments; And whereas actual hostilities have long been prac- tised on the commerce of the United States by the cruisers of the French republic under the orders of its government, which orders that government refuses to revoke or relax: And hence it has become improper any longer to allow the consul general, consuls and Vice con- suls of the French Republic above named, or any other of its consular persons or agents here- tofore admitted in these United States, any longer to exercise their consular functions: These are therefore to declare, that I do no longer recognize the said citizen Leombe as consul general or consul, nor the said citizens Rozier and Arcambal as Vice consuls, nor the said cit- izen Mozard as consul of the French Republic, in any part of these United States, nor permit them, or any other consular persons or agents of the French republic, heretofore admitted in the United States, to exercise their functions as such; And I do hereby wholly revoke the ex- quatur heretofore given to them respectively; and do declare them absolutely null and void from this day forward.
IN Testimony whereof, I have caused these letters to be made patent, and the Seal of the United States of America to be hereunto affixed. Given under my hand at Philadelphia this thirteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and ninety eight, and of the Independence of the said States the twenty third. (Signed) JOHN ADAMS. By the President, TIMOTHY PICKERING, Secretary of State.
Laws of Massachusetts.
An act more effectually to prevent the pernicious practice of Gaming. Sect. 1. BE it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in General Court assem- bled, and by the authority of the same, That no Inn- holder, Tavern-keeper, Victualler or person licensed as a Retailer of Spirituous Liquors, shall keep, or suffer to be kept, any table for the purpose of playing at Billiards, in any house, yard, garden or other appendages to him or her belonging, or by him or her occupied or improved. And if any Innholder, Tavern- keeper, Victualler or Retailer of Spirituous Li- quors, licensed as aforesaid, shall keep, or suffer to be kept, in any house, building, yard, garden or other appendages to him or her belonging, or by him or her occupied or improved, any such table for the purpose of playing at billiards, or shall suffer or wilfully and willingly allow any person to play therein at billiards, Cards, Dice or any other unlawful game, he or she so offending, upon conviction thereof, on an indict- ment of the Grand Jury, before the Court of
General Sessions of the Peace, or the Supreme Judicial Court, shall for each and every such offence, forfeit and pay the sum of fifty dollars to the use of the town where such offence shall be committed, and shall be deprived of his or her licence for the remainder of the year, and shall not obtain a renewal thereof for the space of three years next ensuing.
Sect. 2. Be it further enacted, That if any per- son not licensed as an Innholder, Tavern-kee- per, Victualler, or Retailer of Spirituous Li- quors, shall keep or suffer to be kept in any house, building, yard, garden or other appen- dages thereof by him or her actually occupied or improved, any tables for the purpose of playing at billiards for hire, gain or reward, or shall for hire, gain or reward allow and suffer persons to resort to the same for the purpose of playing at billiards, cards or dice, or at any other unlaw- ful game, such person so offending, on conviction thereof as aforesaid, shall for each and every such offence, forfeit and pay the sum of fifty dollars to the use of the town where the offence shall be committed, and further shall be obliged to recognize with sufficient surety or sureties in a reasonable sum for his or her good behaviour, and particularly that he or she will not be guilty of a breach of this act for the space of three years next ensuing.
Sect. 3. Be it further enacted, That if any per- son shall play at billiards, at any table kept or made use of for the purpose aforesaid, he shall on conviction thereof, forfeit and pay a fine of six dollars for each and every such offence, to be recovered by action or complaint before any Justice of the peace in and for the County where the offence shall be committed to the use of him or them who may prosecute or sue for the same.
Sect. 4. And be it further enacted, That it shall be the duty of all Selectmen, Sheriffs, De- puty Sheriffs, Constables, Tything men and Grand Jurors, to complain of any breaches of this Act.
[Approved June 27, 1798] INCREASE SUMNER.
An Act to incorporate the plantation called West Butterfield in the county of Cumberland, into a town by the name of Sumner.
Sect. 1. BE it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in General Court assem- bled, and by the authority of the same, That the plantation of West Butterfield , in the county of Cumberland, bounded as follows, viz: Begin- ning at the northwest corner of Bucksfield , on Paris line , thence running north nineteen de- grees west four miles and one hundred and eighty four rods, thence north one mile and two hundred and twenty rods, thence north eight y degrees east four miles and forty rods, thence south sixty five degrees east two hundred and twelve rods to the middle of the east branch of twenty miles river, thence down the middle of said river until it comes to Bucksfield north line , thence north eighty one degrees west on Buck- field north line four miles and two hundred and fifty four rods to the bounds first mentioned, with the inhabitants thereon, be, and they here- by are incorporated into a town by the name of Sumner. And the said town is hereby vested with all the powers, privileges and immunities which other towns in this Commonwealth do or may by law enjoy.
Sect. 2. Be it further enacted, That Isaac Stur- divant, Esq. be, and he hereby is empowered to issue his warrant directed to some suitable inhabitant within said town, requiring him to warn a meeting of the inhabitants thereof at such time and place as shall be expressed in said warrant for the purpose of choosing such town officers as other towns are empowered to choose in the month of March or April annually.
[Approved June 13, 1798] INCREASE SUMNER.
Valuable Extracts.
[The following extracts from the Presi- dent's answers to different addresses, will doubtless afford pleasure to the federal readers of this Gazette.]
"THE republics of antiquity, and the middle ages, while they preserved the virtues on which alone they were founded, although continually divided in opinion, and perpetually in contests and dissensions, about their internal po- licy, never failed to unite against foreign intrigues, influence and aggressions; a foreign war, or a prospect of it, never failed to unite them, as one man at home.—The latter end of the eighteenth century has shewn us, that every repub- lic in Europe, has lost its fundamental maxim—the virtues are gone. Repub- lics founded on crimes, and supported
by crimes, are a novelty in the universe —no delirium, short of modern philo- sophy, could have ever conceived the idea. In virtuous republics, it is a max- im sacred and fundamental, that the will of the majority, shall be the will of the whole—but in all republics, vicious and criminal, the minority always re- sorts to foreign influence for support and assistance, to overthrow and take vengeance on the majority. All the republics of former times, were destroy- ed, and all the republics in Europe, which remained, have fallen in the same manner, within a few months. Happy Americans if you can learn wisdom from the experience of others!"
"IF our citizens are roused from their lethargy, and have done away all blind and infatuated fondness for other countries, they may confidently hope for a spirit of union and patriotism, which under heaven will frustrate the machinations of any perfidious and in- sulting foe."
"I HAVE seen in the conduct of the French nation, for the last twelve years, a repetition of their character displayed under Louis XIV. and little more, excepting the extravagancies, which have been intermixed with it, of the wildest philosophy, which was ever professed in this world since the build- ing of Babel , and the Fables of the Gi- ants, who, by piling mountains on mountains invaded the skies. If the spell is broken let human nature exult and rejoice. The veil may be removed from the eyes of many, but I fear not of all. The share is not yet entirely broken, and we are not escaped."
"I HAD never until lately, any ex- pectation that I should live to see unre- mitted depredations committed on our commerce; wanton cruelties exercised on our seamen; our general govern- ment traduced; the executive authority vilitied, and our very existence threat- ened, through the means of our citizens or any other, with impunity. I had no suspicion indeed, that mankind would ever have taken it into their heads, to try over again, experiments which had been a million times tried, and always found evil."
"It is indeed an awful considera- tion, that at a time a great part of Eu- rope appears disposed to adopt republican governments, a corruption should ap- pear which never was exhibited before, by the most absolute monarchies, or completest despotisms. It should seem that fraud and force, were to be the on- ly measure of right and wrong: This system must soon be changed, or sci- ence, arts, virtue, liberty, and peace must be banished, and a savage barbarity be substituted in their places. Amer- ica is of too much importance to the world, for the purposes of wealth and power, to leave her the smallest hope of escaping, without her own determined exertions, the contagion of the general distemper."
"THE recollection of past events, and of the great and illustrious chief who led to conquest & to glory, will in- spire the breasts of the aged with a gener- ous scorn of going off, as well as a brave and noble youth with the horrors of coming on, the Stage, in a state of de- gradation and disgrace."
"IT has ever been a maxim with all sound republics, that to give way to injustice is the most flagrant act, and to submit to insult the most pernicious effect of cowardice. It is impossible therefore, that you who fought the battles of our revolution with so much reputation, upon such principles, should
not dedicate your lives to the mainte- nance of them."
"The precept ' divide and conquer ,' was never exemplified in the eyes of mankind in so striking and remarkable a manner. Every old republic has fal- len before it. If America has not spirit and sense enough to learn wisdom from the example of so many republican ca- tastrophies, passing in review before her eyes, she deserves to suffer, and most cer- tainly will fall. "
"IT has been strongly impressed upon my mind for several years, that a period in the affairs of mankind was fast approaching when it would be necessary to the American nation to revive their martial spirit, or lose their character & liberties. The young men through- out the Union appear to have been im- pressed with a similar apprehension— they have the longest time to live, and are the most interested. My advice to you and all your cotemporaries is, to avoid every unbecoming action; soberly and discreetly to contemplate the dan- gers of your country; and above all, in the ardor of your passion for military glory, never to forget the charity, hu- manity, benevolence, and the tenderness of human life, for which your fathers un- der the severest provocations, have ever been remarkable."
The Language of Candour.
Let those who revile the President, read the following extract from his answer to an address of four companies of militia in Morris county, N. Jersey.
"NOTHING human is absolutely perfect—the voice of adulation has nev- er founded in the ears of the executive magistrate an universal approbation; if it had, there have been pamphlets and newspapers, private societies and resolves enough, as well as debates in the na- tional legislatures, to convince any man to the contrary."
Had not the measures been adopted, which you have observed, we should have been in circumstances much more ca- lamitous. I believe you are very much mistaken when you suppose that "in- terested commercial characters," joined with those whose political principles were not "friendly to a republican form of government, have led the way to our present embarrassment."
You should remember, however, that there are "interested commercial cha- racters," as well as persons whose poli- tical principles are not friendly to our present form of republican government, who have urged hard to plunge us into the horrors of a war with a nation the most able to annoy us, and to force us into the arms of another whose form of government and administration is ab- horent to our own. It is our wisdom to form no connection with any foreign power that shall influence our form of government."
If America and any other nation should have a common enemy, and should concert measures together for the present conjuncture for mutual benefit there need be no danger of our adopt- ing their peculiarities of government, any more than their adopting ours; I believe their fears on this head will be stronger than ours, and perhaps better founded."
Your government is not, I hope to be called a party; if a government of your choice is a party, how can you obtain one which will not be so? I know of but two ways, either to make it hereditary, or to place yourselves un- der a foreign military despotism. You will start with horror at the last, and I presume you have no inclination for the first.

General Washington's Letter.
[This day's Gazette is enriched and ornamented with WASHINGTON's Letter to the President. It must inspire every heart with joy, and excite admiration in every American breast. It breathes his pure spirit of greatness in a stile peculiar to himself. After defending his country by his wisdom and courage—after governing it with dignity and prudence—and after retiring from the brilliant scenes he had acted, covered with the world's applause, it seemed, indeed, that no new way remained for endearing him to his admiring countrymen. But see him again at the head of our armies, ready to bleed in our defence! Let this Letter be recorded in every heart—let it be read from the pulpit, recited in schools, and spoken of by all mankind.]
Senate of the United States, July 18, 1798.
Gentlemen of the Senate,
BELIEVING that the letter received this morning from General WASHINGTON will give high satisfaction to the Senate. I transmit them a copy of it, and congratulate them and the public on this great event, the General's acceptance of his appointment, as Lieutenant General and Commander in Chief of the army. JOHN ADAMS.
United States, July 17, 1798.
Mount-Vernon, July 13, '98.
DEAR SIR,
I HAD the honor, on the evening of the 11th inst. to receive from the hand of the Secretary of war, your favor of the 7th, announcing that you had, with the advice and consent of the Senate, appointed me Lieutenant General and Commander in Chief of all the Armies raised or to be raised for the service of the United States.
I cannot express how greatly affected I am at this new proof of public confidence, and the highly flattering manner in which you have been pleased to make the communication; at the same time, I must not conceal from you my earnest wish, that the choice had fallen upon a man less declined in years, and better qualified to encounter the usual vicissitudes of war.
You know, Sir what calculation I made relative to the probable course of events, on my retiring from office, and the determination I had consoled myself with, of closing the remnant of my days in my present peaceful abode; you will not therefore be at a loss to conceive and appreciate the sensations I must have experienced, to bring my mind to any conclusion that would pledge me, at so late a period of life, to leave scenes I sincerely love to enter upon the boundless field of public action, incessant trouble, and high responsibility.
It was not possible for me to remain ignorant of, or indifferent to, recent transactions. The conduct of the Directory of France towards our country; their insidious hostility to its government; their various practices to withdraw the affections of the people from it; the evident tendency of their acts, and those of their agents to countenance and invigorate opposition; their disregard of solemn treaties and the laws of nations; their war upon our defenceless commerce; their treatment of our Ministers of peace; and their demands amounting to tribute; could not fail to excite in me corresponding sentiments, with those my countrymen have so general-
and caresses all those characters who were ever your worst enemies. Although it protects all men to the utmost of its power, who are not inimical, it embraces only such characters as are faithful to the constitution and the laws, their execution and impartial interpretation; it studies, however, not to foment or irritate, or perpetuate ancient prejudices and malignant passions, which had better be dismissed.
Your insinuation concerning speculators on the soldier's pay, and the distresses concomitant with war, requires some notice. Who were the people who depreciated the soldier's pay? Were they not those who taught for doctrine, the commandments of wicked men?—viz. "public faith ought to be violated—public credit ought to be destroyed—the public debt ought to be expunged." Were they not those who opposed every species of revenue under the old confederation, by which the soldiers pay could have been preserved from depreciation? I regret to see in your address, so many fragments of those old discords, jealousies, & murmurs, which once made the citizens of New Jersey as tributary to their neighboring states, as the French now desire to make us all to them. As to speculation, if you can devise a mode to destroy it, consistent with the rights of the citizen, and the security of property, I shall be obliged to you if you will communicate it to me."
Trap for Jacobins!
[The reader is here presented with the much-talked-about Law against Sedition. Let it be attentively perused, and then say if it in the least infringes the words or actions of the good citizen. Who are the persons it is intended to restrain? The calumniators of our laws and country—the peevish mal contents—the turbulent demagogue—in short, the rebellious jacobins! The abominable and unheard of calumnies of these wretches have alone rendered it indispensably necessary. There must be some barrier to that licentious and disorganizing spirit instigated by the French to perplex and destroy our constituted authorities. The present crisis is too important, to the preservation of order and good society in the world, to suffer the discontented and wicked, to enfeeble and oppose the arm of government.—Reader, does a single doubt yet remain of the intentions of your enemies? Do you not see that all their conquests have been achieved by destroying the vigor of the governments they opposed? And has not this been effected by a delay in those governments to check the overbearing spirit of sedition? Can then any friend of his country—any one who wishes for the safety of the community, hesitate to give his aid to this law? At this time it is incumbent on all good citizens to expose every expression that tends to vilify the government chosen by the American people.—How widely different is the tenor of this law, from the measures pursued at the commencement of the war with Britain: Then, the disaffected were treated with the utmost rigor. Committees exercised the most extensive authority over their lives and property. Reflect on these things, and wonder at the mildness, the forbearance, and liberality of the American government.]
An act in addition to the act entitled "an act for the punishment of certain crimes against the United States."
BE it enacted by the Senate and house of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, That if any persons shall unlawfully combine or conspire together with intent to oppose any measure or measures of the government of the United States, which are or shall be directed by proper authority, or to impede the operation of any law of the United States, or to intimidate or prevent any person holding a place or
forming or executing his trust or duty; and if any person or persons, as aforesaid, shall counsel, advise or attempt to procure any insurrection, riot, unlawful assembly or combination, whether such conspiracy, threatening, counsel, advice or attempt shall have the proposed effect or not, he or they shall be deemed guilty of a high misdemeanor, and on conviction before any court of the United States having jurisdiction thereof, shall be punished by fine not exceed five thousand dollars, and by imprisonment during a term not less than six months, nor exceeding five years; and further, at the discretion of the court, may be holden to find sureties for his good behaviour, in such sum and for such time, as the said court may direct.
Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That if any person shall write, print, utter or publish, or shall cause or procure to be written, printed, uttered or published, or shall knowingly & wittingly assist or aid in writing, printing, uttering, or publishing any false, scandalous and malicious writing or writings against the government of the United States or either house of the Congress of the United States, or the President of the United States, with intent to defame the said government, or either House of the said Congress, or the said President, or to bring them or either of them into contempt or disrepute—or to excite against them or any of them the hatred of the good people of the United States, or to stir up sedition within the United States, or to excite any unlawful combinations therein, for opposing or resisting any law of the United States, or any act of the President of the United States, done in pursuance of any such law, or of the powers in him vested by the constitution of the United States, or to resist, oppose, or defeat any such law or act, or to aid, encourage or abet any hostile designs of any foreign nation against the United States, their people or government, then such person, being thereof convicted before any court of the United States having jurisdiction thereof, shall be punished by a fine not exceeding two thousand dollars, and by imprisonment not exceeding two years.
Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, That if any person shall be prosecuted under this act, for the writing or publishing any libel aforesaid, it shall be lawful for the defendant, upon the trial of the cause to give in evidence in his defence, the truth of the matter contained in the publication charged as a libel. And the jury who shall try the cause, shall have a right to determine the law and the fact, under the direction of the court, as in other cases.
Sec. 4. And be it further enacted, That this act shall continue and be in force until the third day of March, one thousand eight hundred and one, and no longer: Provided, that the expiration of the act shall not prevent or defeat a prosecution and punishment of any offence against the law, during the time it shall be in force."
Army Appointments.
Alexander Hamilton of New York, Inspector general of the army with the rank of major general. C. C. Pinckney of S. Carolina to be major general. Henry Knox of Massachusetts to be major gen. Henry Lee of Virginia to be major gen. of the provisional army. Edward Hand of Pennsylvania to be major gen. of the provisional army. John Brooks of Mass. brigadier gen. William Washington S. Carolina, brigadier gen. Jonathan Dayton of N. J. brigadier gen. Ebenezer Huntington of Conn. brigadier gen. of the provisional army. Anthony W. White of N. J. brigadier gen. of the provisional army. William R. Davis of N. C. brigadier gen. John Sevier of Tennessee brigadier gen. of the provisional army. James Craik of Virginia to be physician general of the army.
arenies to you.—Believe me, Sir, one can more cordially approve of wise and prudent measures of administration. They ought to inspire universal confidence, and will, doubt, combined with the state of things, call from Congress such means as will enable you to use the full force and extent of the crisis. Satisfied, therefore, that you have sincerely wished and endeavored to avert war, and exhausted to the drop the cup of reconciliation, I can with pure hearts appeal to Heaven for the justice of our cause; and I confidently trust the final result will be that kind Providence who has heretofore, and so often, signally favoured the people of these United States. Thinking in this manner, and feeling how incumbent it is upon every person of every description, to contribute at all times to his country's welfare, and especially in a moment like the present, when every thing we hold dear and sacred is so seriously threatened; I have finally determined to accept the commission of Commander in Chief of the armies of the United States; with the reservation, only, that I shall not be called into the field until the army is in a situation to require my presence, or becomes indispensable by the urgency of circumstances. In making this reservation, I believe it to be understood, that I do not mean to withhold any assistance I can arrange and organize the army, which you may think I can afford. I take the liberty also to mention, that I must decline having my acceptance considered as drawing after it an immediate charge upon the public; or that I can receive any emolument annexed to the appointment, before entering into a situation to incur expenses. The Secretary of War being anxious to return to the seat of government, I have detained him no longer than was necessary to a full communication upon the several points he had in charge. With very great respect and consideration, I have the honor to be, Dear Sir, your most obedient humble servant, G. Washington. JOHN ADAMS, President of the United States. The Senate of the United States, adjourned on the 19th inst. sine die. Congress, after an important session of seven months, have passed eighty four laws; a complete list of which shall appear in this gazette. No laws passed since the establishment of the government, have been better calculated to preserve domestic tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to their constituents, and to posterity. Considering the critical situation of our country for some months past, Congress have done nobly. The members of Congress from this District have returned to their respective homes, where they will meet the approbation of their constituents, for their uniform opposition to French intrigue. On Wednesday next, a party of gentlemen in this town, will give an entertainment, to Gen WADSWORTH, as a testimony of their approbation of his firm, patriotic, and honorable conduct in the late session of Congress. The French privateer Le Croyable, prize to the United States' sloop of war Delaware, Capt. Stephen Decatur, was condemned on the 20th inst. by the District Court of the United States, to be sold by the marshal, and distributed as the law directs. The officers of the privateer are on parole; the crew will probably be distributed in some of the country jails.

Anticipated News. By a gentleman who arrived yesterday afternoon in 19 hours from Boston, the Editor has been favoured with last Saturday's Cincinnati. It contains very little news. The following is substance of the most essential articles: Letters from New Orleans assert, that all restrictions on American vessels trading at that port are taken off. This is said to have been done partly in consequence of a remonstrance from the merchants; and partly from an ostensible solicitude of the Spanish government to cultivate good neighborhood with the U. S. But the probability is that they fear a rivalry from the Natches, which will soon be a port of entry. American vessels can now bring from there all kinds of produce free from duties, heretofore ex post facto . The development of our Envoy's dispatches in Paris, has produced some uneasiness. They found their way in some of the papers and occasioned long faces in the palace of the directory. The directors are using every means to destroy the popularity of Buonaparte. The Pope has refused the pension granted by the French. 'I want no pension (Gays he) a staff and wallet are sufficient for one who ought to end his days in sackcloth & ashes—Go on robbing, plundering and burning as you have heretofore been accustomed.'—In Great Britain, all is union, and spirit.—Ireland is tranquil, notwithstanding the bloody-bone stories that have been circulated.—Some unprincipled and depraved Americans in Williamsburg, have burnt the effigy of our worthy President. Such scoundrels deserve the wheel. The President has permitted Le Tombé to give certificates of residence, passports, &c. as usual.—Governor Sumner has ordered the commencement of fortification at Salem, Cape Ann, Newburyport, and Portland.—A French privateer lately captured an American vessel belonging to New York, robbed her, and gave each of the hands a dozen lashes at the gangway! The captain (Miller) had his choice to receive the lashes or fight a duel with the midshipman. He chose the latter, and wounded his antagonist. Americans! such is the baseness of your enemies!—A singular phenomenon lately occurred at Lynn: A water spout in a direction over two large ponds, drew from them all their contents—the fishes, frogs, &c. were hurled from their element and distributed in the air.
Communication.
IT is a pleasing wonder, a delightful consolation, that after all the low manners, frothy pretensions, and most infamous ribaldry of the Jacobins, after their most miserable fall from rectitude and decency in which, by the help of French witchcraft, they dragged the nation after them; honor, dignity and magnanimity by the mere moral effect of our excellent constitution enforced by a virtuous Executive—have blasted the illusion! Of what can the human mind consist that every extreme of good and evil needs only to be familiar to appear natural and equally proper? Is there one meanness left unexemplified, is there a single dirty corner of depravity left unexplored by the American Jacobins?—Unable to raise the rueful awe to exhibit the true edge of their temper, they have been compelled to resort to low intrigues and harmless menaces, in faint and miserable imitation of their prototypes in France.—Newspapers, even those which were not bought by the friendly and fraternal republic, may God confound her!—must aid the general delusion, and impelled by temporary popularity must in turn impel the people to jacobinical ferocity. All was sanctioned by the prostituted term "Republicanism," a word whose present bad character my countrymen may very properly ascribe to the Jacobins, who in fact have vulgarized and blasted whatever their foul hands have meddled with—whatever their foul mouths have uttered.—But behold! once more the constitution rises, the orient beams of principle pervade this chaotic mass of incoherent elements, order! seems commanded—and the waves are still!
Can any thing, attentively considered, more fully prove the views of France upon this poor virgin country, than the address and secrecy which we were obliged to observe in order to settle our affairs with England?—The impudent Directory of France, like the whole course and tendency of their revolution, abolishing all principle and modesty, and proscribing every moral boundary, has censured us for doing what every people, and even every individual has a right to do without consulting any body—and the miserable jacobins of this country have echoed the proud but ignorant Directory, and done what they could to put us under its yoke.—But only for the character, the file and true nature of the conduct of their wisecracs. In Boston they did not wait to see the treaty before they sent the rufage advice to the President against the ratification of it. Goaded by France and boundless ambition, their leaders hurried them down the precipice of inconsistency and folly, and persuaded them they had an intuitive discernment of what they never saw .—Can any thing more clearly prove that the jacobins are the true mob , and that France has made them her cat's paw?—And do we not all remember how pat they had every argument (if ever they had an argument) and every blackguard expression at the same moment from one end of the States to the other?—This proves two things: that they were a conspiracy, and that against their own country.—But ere long they shall be unveiled, shall even see their own nightful nakedness, and be humbled to the dust.
We will now consider what the jacobins never understood nor cared whether they did or not, the British treaty. This very beneficial instrument, which has been made the stalking horse of so much French and jacobin villainy, had been vehemently desired by all classes of Americans long before the new fangled republic existed. The President of the United States, while ambassador at London, with all his acknowledged talents and address, could not prevail for a single article of it. One good reason might be that our government was so weak under the Confederation that the British military were afraid to trust it. However, it is enough at present that all as one throughout America most passionately desired a commercial treaty with England. Let us see how it finally took place—France, intending to commit an absolute rape upon the United States, ordered Genet to land at Charleston, and begin the violence by raising an American army, and fitting out ships of war against England. Our government was struck with a palsy.—Genet organized the clubs. The delirium came on, which we have seen.—It was very natural for England or any other nation to suppose that we were going to make a common cause with France, and usual precautionary measures were taken for war.—So much for the violence of jacobin love towards France!—Our government foreseeing the fatal consequence of suffering that madness to gain the ascendancy, and fortunately possessed of firmness and popularity, resisted it with prudence.—To have gone to war with England would have laid us at the feet of France, and our government would instantly have sunk "like the baseless fabric of a vision," or if you choose, like that of Holland, to insignificance.—Happily it was equally the interest of England to keep us neutral; and so a very fair, reciprocal, beneficial and liberal treaty was the consequence. Thus the jacobins have been remotely the accidental means of serving the interest of their country merely by doing mischief.
The treaty being before the Senate, one Madison a jacobin senator from Virginia, with true jacobinical honor, divulged it against an express injunction of secrecy. This secrecy was not enjoined that the people, as such, should be kept in ignorance, but that the scoundrel Genet and his jacobins should be so.—Immediately, with the same qualifications which the Buxton people have to regulate trade* and navigation, a pretty great mob in the sea ports were made to damn, blast and sink it under the imposing
appearance of knowing what it was.—It is remarkable that the jacobins all this time never threatened the friends of this treaty with the refinement of their own country , but merely with that of France —proof pregnant of their treachery. France, with all her boasted skill of intrigue, was out manoeuvred by mere integrity—and the very dregs of the bottomless pit, the last best corruptions in the treasury of hell, were put in requisition to poison the public mind. This is the very fort of French policy. A correct understanding was preserved between the Directory of France and the American jacobins, and every possible method by electioneering and otherwise was used to redeem the desperate designs of the former, and as Mr. Gallatin, one of their most wicked tools, emphatically said, if that could not be done, to stop the wheels of government. For what?—Because the British treaty was a bad one?—Nothing like it.—But because France had irretrievably lost her intended empire in America, and could no longer hope to make us quarrel with England—to which may be added, for spice, that the poor jacobins were defeated, and must keep out of power.
After Merlin, minister of justice, as he was whimsically siled, had found out in the first place that he was very poor , and then that a role d'equipage was made a ship's paper on an old ordinance of the monarchy of France, to which America was never party nor privy, then our "dear sister" gave us a terrible squeeze indeed, and added to the already overflowing catalogue of her crimes, the meanest and vilest of national depravities, piracy . But still nothing was too gross for a jacobin digestion. We were repeatedly told that the French were in the right, and they (the jacobins) wished they might take every ship that failed. Why?—there is no possible reason but that they were besotted in French follies, or absolutely abandoned. You shall seldom see any creature so mad as to tear his own flesh.—But such is the political wisdom of the Jacobins. In fact, I do not know but a good definition of the term might be a smooth face, and soft language concealing a desperately malicious heart, and the envenomed point of a dagger. Had they existed in our Saviour's time, it seems to me that Scribes and Pharisees and hypocrites would scarcely have been mentioned.
How stands the account?—France produced the Jacobins, the Jacobins produced the jealousy of England, this produced the British treaty, that the French depredations—Where then would have been the French or English depredations, if there had been no Jacobins? (To be continued.)
Since the very honorable retraction of the Buxton proceedings by the respectable part of the town, the author equally retracts all his censures of those proceedings.
From a Correspondent. "We are happy to learn that the Pig of Knowledge which has so long been a subject of admiration and wonder, has actually arrived in this town, and has been exhibited to successive evenings to crowded and respectable audiences. As this exhibition tends to instruct youth, raise ambition in the tender mind & heart, where the philosopher may speculate the serious admire and the gay be elevated we shall indeed be still more happy to find the proprietor meets with that generous support due to him on this occasion—more especially as this phenomenon proves to demonstration that what is too often thought impossible wants only the dint of perseverance and assiduity to surmount every obstacle."
DIED—in this town, on Tuesday morning last, Mr. JOHN BAGLEY, jun. aged 25, youngest son of Mr. John Bagley, merchant. He was an enterprising and accomplished young man. Yesterday morning, after three days illness, Mr. JOHN BURNHAM aged 61. He was an affectionate husband, a good parent, and a valuable member of society. July 2d, died at Thomaston, much lamented, the amiable Miss RELIAN E. BROWN, eldest daughter of Samuel Brown, Esq. aged 20 years. A blooming youth, a loving child, Her temper sweet, her carriage mild The dear reflections left behind Sooth the afflicted parents mind."
Marine Articles.   Port of Portland.
No late foreign arrivals at this port.
The frigate Constitution, sailed from Boston on the 22d inst. She had 388 robust Americans on board. Mr. Knox who piloted her out, speaks highly of her construction, as being one of the easiest working, and fastest sailing ships he ever saw.
The Thetis British frigate has engaged with five French privateers, two of 16, two of 14, and one of 10 guns. Three of them were captured, one sunk, and the 5th escaped by means of her sweeps.
SHEEP SKINS!
WANTED, one or two thousand SHEEP & LAMB SKINS, with the wool on them, for which the highest price will be given—Apply at the Store of the subscriber in Fore-street, near Mr. Dinsell's tanyard.  S. Bird, Leather-Dresser. Portland July 23.
POWDER.
THE Selectmen of any town, or other persons who are in want of musket or cannon POWDER, may know at the Post Office in Portland, where they can purchase a supply on reasonable terms. July 23.
PHENOMENON, In which the public will not be disappointed.
Mr. Pinchbeck, Respectfully informs the inhabitants of Portland, that the  Pig of Knowledge
has actually arrived in this town, and is for Exhibition at the Assembly-Room this evening, July 30.
As this animal, the wonder of all Europe, and by competent judges allowed to be far the greatest curiosity ever exhibited on the continent of America, will leave town very shortly, it is hoped all those Ladies and Gentlemen who wish to gratify their curiosity in viewing this sapient animal, the pillar of Pythagoras, and the wonder of the world, will favor the proprietor with an early visit.
The PIG performs the following surprising particulars, viz.
He reads print or writing, spells, tells the time of day, both the hours and minutes, by any persons watch in the company, the date of the year, the day of the month, distinguishes colours, how many persons there are present, Ladies or Gentlemen, and to the astonishment of every spectator, will answer any question in the four first rules of Arithmetic. To conclude, any Lady or Gentleman may draw a card from a pack, and keep it concealed, and the Pig without hesitation will discover the card when drawn.
N. B. Those who doubt the truth of the above, are informed, that in case of its not proving a real Pig, and equal to the description, that all the money returned, or be at liberty to pay after they have convinced themselves by seeing him perform.
Mr. PINCHBECK, in order to accommodate those Ladies and Gentlemen who cannot make it convenient to attend in the evening, will to a party of twelve exhibit any hour in the day by giving him previous notice.
Doors opened at 7, and performance to begin at 8 o'clock.
Tickets may be had at any hour of the day at the Assembly-Room, and at Capt. Davis's Tavern.—Price, quarter of a dollar—children, nine pence.
Stone Lime.
Jonathan Bryant, has for Sale at his Saw and Lime kiln, fresh LIME, which he will warrant to be of the first quality. Portland, July 30.
List of Letters,
Remaining in the Post Office at, Wells, July 26, 1798.
ADAM Clark, Wells.—John Elwell, Kennebec.—Capt. Benjamin Mason, Arundel.—Thomas Marshall, Kennebec.—Jonathan Stevens, Hannah Symons, both of Wells.
Affize of Bread,
Stated by the Selectmen of Portland, for direction to the Bakers and Clerk of the Market, July 21, 1798.
   lb. oz. dr.     A Biscuit of three coppers } price, well baked, 0 9 12   A four pence half penny } white loaf, well baked, 1 6   Bread of other prices in proportion. SAMUEL FREEMAN, Chairman.  
To the Honorable the Justices of the Court of Common Pleas, to be holden at Portland, in and for the county of Cumberland, on the 2d Tuesday of April, 1798, HENRY SHEW.
EBENEZER Lane, and Ebenezer Lane, jun. both of Newglow ester, in said county, yeoman, and Job Lane of Portland, in said county, hath the year seized in fee as tenants in common, of one undivided moiety of a double Saw-Mill in said Portland, with the privileges and appurtenances therefor, the other moiety being the property of John Nason of said Portland, yeoman: your petitioners being desirous of holding their moiety in severalty, humbly pray your honors, that after legal notice, said mill may be divided conformably to law, and that they may hold and enjoy their moiety with its privileges and appurtenances in severalty; and as in duty bound will ever pray. SAMUEL THATCHER, Attorney for EBENEZER LANE, EBENEZER LANE, JUN. JOB LANE.
At a Court of Common Pleas for the county of Cumberland, begun and holden at Portland, in said county, on the last Tuesday of April, A. D. 1798.
ON the petition of Ebenezer Lane, and others, whereof the foregoing is a copy, the Court order, That the petitioners cause all persons interested to be notified thereof, by serving John Nason the claimant with a copy of the same, and by advertising in one of the Portland Newspapers, three weeks before the third Tuesday of October next, that they may shew cause (if any they have) at a Court of Common Pleas then to be holden at Portland, within and for the county aforesaid, why the prayer thereof should not be granted. Attest, SAMUEL FREEMAN, Clerk.
Melancholy Occurrence.
[From a New York paper of the 21st inst.]
Yesterday morning, between 3 and 4 o'clock, a most dreadful circumstance occurred at a French boarding house near the Exchange in this city. Madame GARDIE, late of the Theatre, was in bed with her son about 11 years of age. Monsieur Gardie, who had cohabited with her a number of years, and who lodged in the same room, got up, ordered the boy to rise, and got into her bed. The boy hearing his mother cry out, asked what was the matter? Mr. Gardie desired him to lie still; his mother had only fainted.—Soon after, hearing a knocking against the partition, he got up and went to the bed, where he found Mr. Gardie in the agonies of death, and his mother lying dead in the bed.
It appears that he stabbed her with a new carving knife in the left breast, which penetrated immediately to the heart, as she appears to have expired instantly. He was wounded in the breast, in two places, with his own hand; and must have died in great agony, as he had fallen from the bed on the floor, and was covered with blood. The Coroner's Inquest brought in a verdict, that he was the cause of her death, & afterwards committed suicide.
The cause of this very dreadful catastrophe, is attributed to extreme penury, and her refusing to accompany him to France, whither he was going shortly, having taken his passage.—The refusal excited his jealousy; tho' there does not appear any grounds for suspicion.
To the inhabitants of the town of Berwick, in the District of Maine.
GENTLEMEN. I thank you for this address—the fate of our republic is at hand—if there is a party in this country, under French influence, sufficiently numerous to stop the wheels, or paralyze the exertions of government, our republic is lost forever—let the people of America determine! JOHN ADAMS. Philadelphia, June 20, 1798.
Subscriptions are raising in Richmond for building a ship of war for the use of government.
The proportion of the direct Tax of two millions, for this State, is two hundred and sixty thousand, four hundred and thirty-five dollars, thirty-one cents, and two mills.
It does not seem to be confirmed, that the Dey of Algiers has chopped off the fans culotte Ambassador's head.
The arms of the French nation are taken down from the offices of the late agents of that nation. The French flag has been reversed in many places.

POETRY.
THE HERMITAGE OF BIZARDO.
[From Southey's Poems]
RUDE was Bizarro's cell; the beetling rock
Frown'd o'er its ivied entrance; the hewn stone
Form'd his rough seat, and on a bed of leaves
The aged hermit took his nightly rest.
STANZAS TO A YOUNG LADY,
Who had an impediment in her speech.
[From the "Looker On."]
WHEN fair Almeria's gentle voice
Divides the yielding air,
Fix'd on her lips the quiv'ring sounds
Excess of bliss declare.
There lingering round their rosy gate,
They view their fragrant cell,
Unwilling yet to leave that mouth,
Where all the graces dwell.
While some soft accents strike the ear
With sweeter imperfect sound,
A thousand others die within,
In their own honey drown'd.
Yet through this cloud, distinct and clear;
Strong sense directs its dart;
And, while it seems to flun the ear,
Strikes home upon the heart.
THE COLLECTION.
"A THING OF SHREDS AND PATCHES."
Anecdote.—THE celebrated Voltaire,
in his Treatise on Toleration, says,
"Take a view of the Royal Exchange
in London, a place more venerable than
many courts of justice, where the repre-
sentatives of all nations meet for the
benefit of mankind: There the Jew,
the Mahometan, and the Christian,
transect business together, as though
they were all of the same religion, and
give the name of infidels to none but
bankrupts: There the Presbyterian con-
fides in the Anabaptist, and the Church-
man depends on the affirmation of the
Quaker. At the breaking up of this
free and pacific assembly, some with-
draw to the synagogue, and others to
the bottle; this man goes and is bap-
tised in a great tub; that man has his
son circumcised, and causes a set of
Hebrew words, to the meaning of which
he is an utter stranger, to be mumbled
over the infant; others retire to their
churches, and there wait the inspiration
of heaven, with their hats on; and all
are satisfied."
The (London) Monthly Reviewers
begin their review of Paine's letter to
Mr. Erskine, on the prosecution of T.
Williams for publishing the Age of
Reason, in the following neat and far-
castic manner:
"I can write (says Mr. Paine) a better
book than the Bible myself." This may
be his opinion: but there is one part
of this book, which surely could not be
improved even by him; we mean that
in which it is said, "Seest thou a man
wise in his own conceit, there is more
hope of a fool than of him."
The following valuable extract, taken
from a book entitled "the Reign of
Louis XVth," is worthy attention:
"The unbounded licentiousness of
the press, carried to an extreme before
unknown under any government, was
a most potent instrument of the revolu-
tion.—And from this example of
France, nations may learn this import-
ant truth, that as the freedom of the
press is essential to the existence of civil
liberty, so its licentiousness is wholly
destructive thereof."
Cardinal Imperiali used to say, that
fortune called upon every man once in
his life; but if she did not then find
him at home, she never afterwards re-
peated her visit. The remark is strictly
applicable to our national situation: If
America does not at this period, by the
united bravery of her sons, establish her
character as an independent nation—she
may pant for another opportunity of ef-
fecting it, FOREVER!
Gonsalvo, the Great Captain,
Was a man of great presence of mind.
—When in some mutiny among his
troops, one of his soldiers presented his
halbert to his breast, he gently turned
it aside with his hand. "Comrade,"
said he, "take care that in playing with
that weapon you do not wound your
general." On some other mutiny for
want of pay, on Gonsalvo's expressing
his inability to give it to them, one of
the soldiers advanced to him, and said
in a menacing tone, "General, deliver
up your daughter to us, and then we
can pay ourselves." The general af-
fecting not to hear him amidst the clam-
or of the troops, took no notice of it
at the time, but in the night he took
care to have him apprehended, and had
him hung from a window, from which
all the army might see the body.
Gonsalvo took Naples by storm, in
the year 1503, and when some of his
soldiers expressed their disapprobation
at not having had a sufficient share in
the spoil of that rich city, Gonsalvo
nobly replied, "I will repair your bad
fortune; go to my apartments, take
there all you can find, I give it all in
your hands."
Gonsalvo, for some time before he
died, retired to a convent; giving as a
reason for his conduct, that there should
be some time for serious reflection be-
tween the life of a soldier and death.
MR. COLT, superintendant of the
canal at fort Stanwix, being provoked
at an Irishman, gave him a sturdy
kick:—"By J—s, (retorted the Hiber-
nian) if you kick so now you are a
Colt, what will you do when you come
to be a horse?"
SCRAPS.—Zeno thus addressed a gar-
ulous youth, "Nature gave us two
ears, and one mouth; that we might
hear much, and talk little."
When Themistocles went to Andrus
to demand a levy of money, he said,
"I bring two gods with me, Force and
Persuasion." He was answered, "and
we have two stronger, Want and Im-
possibility."
An Athenian, who wanted eloquence,
but was very brave; when another
had, in a long and brilliant speech, pro-
mised great affairs, got up, and said,
"Men of Athens, all that he has said,
I will do."
A dancer saying to a Spartan, "You
cannot stand so long on one leg as I
can." "True, (answered the Spartan)
but any goose can."
MAXIMS.—Let none turn over books
or roam the stars in quest of God, who
sees him not in man.
If you ask me which is the real her-
editary sin of human nature, do you
imagine I shall answer pride, or luxury,
or ambition, or egotism? No; I shall
say indolence—who conquers indolence
will conquer all the rest.
It is a mighty mind that praises an
enemy, and grasps at never fading hon-
ours.
Fly him who affects silence.
AGRICULTURE.
"VENERATE THE PLOUGH."
IF we estimate the dignity and re-
spectability of any manual art, by its
antiquity, or by its utility to mankind,
agriculture will claim the pre-eminence.
Agriculture, no doubt, was the first
occupation that engaged the attention,
and employed the powers of the first of
our race. Gardening may be called a
branch of agriculture, and gardening
was the employment assigned to Adam
while innocent: For the Lord God took
the man, and put him into the garden of
Eden, to dress it, and to keep it. Agri-
culture is the most necessary of all hu-
man occupations; for by it man lives.
The profit of the earth is for all; the
king himself also is served by the field.
To encourage and reward industry
and labor, in the cultivation of the earth,
we find that in all labor judiciously laid
out, there is profit; and by successive por-
tions of such labor, the earth is enriched
and beautified, and again in a manner,
resumes the face of her paradisiacal
state: And this is another thing, which
raises the importance and dignity of
agriculture.
In the estimation of many, this art no
doubt has been degraded by the man-
ner, in which, and by the persons by
whom, it has been carried on. In many
places, and for a long time, it has
been in a low and slovenly state; and it
has been managed principally by those,
whose minds where less cultivated than
their lands, and whose knowledge and
views have extended no further, and
risen no higher, than the grounds they
occupied. But though the laborious
part of agriculture may be performed by
mere bodily and brutal strength; yet
this strength, in order to produce effects
at once beautiful and beneficial, must be
under the direction of reason and judg-
ment, of thought and contrivance, of
philosophy and system; and this raises
agriculture to the importance of a sci-
ence. The theory and the practice are
not always united in the same person;
but they must be united on the same
farm, or it will not be managed to very
good advantage.
To enhance the value and reputation
of agriculture, we find that the ancient
heathen nations had their gods and
goddesses, who presided over harvests,
orchards, &c. and these gods and god-
desses ranked high in the circle of their
deities. We find also, that agriculture
has employed the attention of some of
the greatest and wisest of men. Kings,
Emperors and Philosophers have studied
and patronized it, and employed them-
selves in the business of it. The cele-
brated Roman Cincinnatus alternately
governed the empire, and cultivated his
farm. In so high esteem is agriculture
among the Chinese, that the emperor is
obliged at a certain time as part of his
duty and qualifications, to hold the
plough. Among the most refined and
scientific nations, societies have been
formed, consisting of men of the most
cultivated genius, and enlarged philan-
thropy for the purpose of promoting
agriculture. England, a commercial
nation, has carried the art of husbandry
to the highest perfection. France that
undervalues commerce, vies with En-
gland, in refined and profitable cultiva-
tion of the soil.
Within a few years, the Genius of
America has lifted up the head of Agri-
culture, crowned her with the wheaten
sheaf, emblazoned her escutcheon with
flocks and the implements of husbandry,
placed a cornucopia at her back, a basket
of fruit in her left hand, and a sickle in
her right. Thus elevated, armed and
adorned, she marches over the country,
brightening and enlivening the face of
it, turning a wilderness into a fruitful
field, and a fruitful field, into a para-
dise, and scattering plenty and pleasure
wherever she goes.
The cultivation of the ground is now
considered as an honorable employ-
ment. Citizens of the first character
among us, to their praise be it spoken,
are some of the first rate farmers. Pro-
fessional gentlemen languish for a farm.
The lawyer is not satisfied with the
business and emoluments of his office,
but purchases a farm. The merchant
who has a fortune, retires to a farm.
In Massachusetts, among many other
gentlemen of note, a Derby, a Gore, a
Lincoln, and a Gill, are adorning and
enriching their country, by their highly
cultivated farms, their useful and beau-
tiful plantations, their ameliorated breed
of cattle, and their many agricultural
improvements. To crown the whole,
our great American Cincinnatus, hav-
ing terminated his patriotic energies in
public, is now closing his career of glory
on a farm.
[Thomson's Morn. Song]
Latest Prices Current
AT BOSTON—PER QUANTITY.
Table with multiple columns listing various goods (e.g., Ashes, Butter, Beef, Brandy) and their corresponding prices per quantity prices in Boston.
Isabella Child,
Has for sale at her shop in fifth-street,
GOODS,
TAMBORE, Japan and plain Jack-
onet Muffins, Chickered bordered and sheer
ditto. Black Muslin, ditto Lahan Cr. pe. Sattins,
Mousel de laine, Sisk and Cotton Hose. Fash-
ionable Poinsett, Beaver and other Hats, Pearl and
Steel Buttons, Linens and Cambricks, India Cottons,
A variety of fashionable Robands, Silk and Mullin
Shawls, Silk Nankinet, Sattin Florentine, Calicoes
and Gingham, Fine pocket Handkerchiefs, Silk
and Kid Gloves, Garden Fans, Spanish and other
Sewing Silks, Needles, Tapes and Bobbins.
Also, a large assortment of
SHOES,
of all kinds.
Hair Powder, Raisins, and a number
of other articles, which will be sold cheap.
MILLENNARY, done in the
latest fashions.
Portland, July 2, 1798.
THIS GAZETTE,
Is regularly published every MONDAY,
at E. A. Jencks's Printing-Office, in
Middlestreet, near the head of Fifth-
street, Portland; where subscriptions,
advertisements, and communications, are
received with attention.
The terms are, ONE DOLLAR
& FIFTY CENTS per annum, EX-
CLUSIVE of postage. Punctual pay-
ments are requested.
The extensive and rapidly increasing
circulation of the GAZETTE, renders it
highly advantageous for ADVERTISE-
MENTS.
PRINTING,
In its various branches, executed with at-
tention and dispatch. Orders for
Books, Pamphlets, Blanks, Hand-
bills, &c. duly attended to.