The national intelligencer and Washington advertiser. (Washington City [D.C.]), 1806-08-15 00:00:00

NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER, AND WASHINGTON ADVERTISER.
Vol. VI. WASHINGTON CITY, PRINTED BY SAMUEL HARRISON SMITH, PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE. No. DCCCXLI.
FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM.
FRIDAY, AUGUST 15, 1806.
PAID IN ADVANCE.
WASHINGTON CITY.
FRIDAY, AUGUST 15.
A new print has recently made its appearance at Frankfort, in Kentucky, entitled the "Western World," in which a series of papers is commenced under the head of "The Kentucky Spanish Association, Blount's Conspiracy, and General Miranda's Expedition." The Editors of this print are Joseph M. Street and John Wood. Of the first individual we know nothing—the latter is the same who recently edited the Virginia Gazette, a federal print at Richmond, and who some years since wrote "the History of the administration of John Adams."
Those papers contain disclosures peculiarly interesting to the people of Kentucky, as well as in a high degree interesting to the people of the whole union. Men of great respectability in that state are charged with being implicated in a plot, formed in the year 1785, to separate it from the union, and to unite it to a foreign power.
On the appearance of these pieces we felt some hesitation as to the course which it became an Editor, whose object was the diffusion of truth, to pursue. The subject had abundant interest to command the public attention; but this consideration did not seem to justify the circulation of what might turn out to be a gross calumny of virtuous men. Circumstances have, however, occurred since the commencement of these publications, which induce us to lay before our readers their most important contents. Such is the interest they have excited in Kentucky, that they have been reprinted in all the papers of that state, even in these which pronounce them a tissue of slanders. The impression appears to be general, that it is time that the charges they expose should be brought solemnly before the bar of public opinion, and receive the award they merit. When, indeed, charges of so deep a hue are thus widely disseminated, the best chance of obtaining an impartial and just decision on them, is to lay before the public the materials on which to form it; by suffering them to hear all that can be said on both sides. By this course it may be presumed that if the charges are founded in truth those they implicate will feel the weight of the public censure; and if they are false, that justice will be done to the innocence of the accused. We have another reason for this course. Having received a communication from a respectable character in Kentucky declaring some part of the statements given in the Western World incorrect, we cannot with any propriety insert this communication without previously publishing the statement to which it relates.
Let it, however, be understood, that in republishing these pieces, we mean not in the least degree to sanction their truth. At present we feel it a duty to stand aloof from either side; and we shall maintain this neutrality until we are better informed on the subject than we are at present.
There are, however, some important facts which our readers ought to know, as, without them, they cannot fully understand the subject. About the period when the Kentucky Spanish Association is said to have been formed, an interesting negotiation was depending between this country and Spain relative to the navigation of the Mississippi. Mr. Jay, who was then minister for foreign affairs, conducted the negotiation on the part of the U. S. with Mr. Gardoque, the Spanish minister. It was well understood that Spain was extremely averse to yielding to us the free navigation of this important outlet to the productions of the western country; and it was apprehended by the people of Kentucky and their neighbors that the Atlantic states were criminally insensible to the magnitude of the object. A convention was actually entered into between Mr. Jay and Mr. Gardoque, by which the U. S. abandoned the navigation of the Mississippi for twenty-five years, after which it was to be free to the inhabitants of both countries. This brought the feelings of the people of Kentucky to a crisis. They perceived in this measure, should it be ratified by Congress, the grave of their prosperity; it is, indeed, a truth, which cannot be denied, that it would have been a death blow to their greatness. It is but too probable that it would have led to an open dismemberment of the union, or a later alienation of Kentucky from the U. S. In this point of light it was viewed by Congress, who, after a long and protracted discussion, rejected the convention. During this discussion the party in favor of the convention were very near effecting their object, no less than seven states, if we are correctly informed, having, in some preliminary question, manifested their friendliness to it. The present federal constitution was about this time submitted to the several states for ratification. Kentucky
was still politically a part of Virginia. When the convention of the latter state met, it was soon discovered that, so far as depended on her vote, the constitution hung in awful suspense. In the progress of the debates it was found that the votes from Kentucky would turn the balance. It is to this circumstance that we are to ascribe the animated debates that arose relative to the navigation of the Mississippi. Those who were hostile to the constitution endeavored to convince the Kentucky delegates that, under the new modifications of power and its distribution among the different states, the eastern states would have it in their power to enter into a compact which would sacrifice their interests; while, the friends of the constitution, with more correctness, argued that the interests of Kentucky, as well as the smaller states, would be rendered more secure by the new provisions of the constitution. On the establishment of the latter principle the Kentucky votes turned, and on those votes the ratification of the constitution entirely depended. These facts demonstrate the sensibility felt, at that time, by the people of Kentucky, on this point, and the degree of alarm produced by the recent measures of the then existing government.
FROM THE WESTERN WORLD.
The Kentucky Spanish Association, Blount's Conspiracy, and General Miranda's Expedition.
IN the history of conspiracy and secret combination, of those which have affected the U. S. there are none of so extraordinary a nature, as the three above mentioned. 1st. The Kentucky Spanish association was formed about 1785 or 1786, continued until 1790; but how much longer, is uncertain. Its general supposed object, was the separation of Kentucky and the Western territory from the U. S. to add them to the Spanish monarchy. 2nd. The conspiracy of governor Blount, was a plan projected in 1795, in conjunction with the British government, to invade the Spanish territories from Canada, aided by men enlisted within the U. S. and by the Indians. 3rd. The scheme of General Miranda, whatever it may be, is, before this time, either partly executed or defeated. The only authentic documents which have been published respecting it, are, a letter from Stephen Sayre, which appeared in the Richmond (Virginia) Enquirer, some months since, and the memorials lately published, of Samuel G. Ogden, and William S. Smith of New-York, to Congress.
Every circumstance which is clothed with the veil of mystery, naturally excites a greater degree of curiosity, than incidents of more magnitude, when open to the public eye. It therefore not unfrequently happens, that events of the former description are scrutinized more deeply, and in general, terminate with more publicity to all concerned, than if the mask of secrecy had never been used. But the Kentucky Spanish association forms an exception to this remark. Twenty years have elapsed since the formation of this plan, which originated in the woods of Kentucky, to place the Western territories under the dominion of Spain; and although a majority of the respectable inhabitants then residing in the state, are said to have combined for that purpose; yet their scheme was conducted with such secrecy & fidelity that the particulars are at present, only known to a few individuals, with the exception of the parties immediately concerned. It would for us, have ever remained buried in oblivion, were we convinced that all the agents of it had entirely abandoned their idea of effecting a division of the U. S. to the interest of some foreign power. But believing from various circumstances, that although the first plan has been long since dismissed, another scheme is in agitation; we deem it our duty to lay before the public such general facts as have come within our knowledge, and which we are authorised to say, may be substantiated in a court of justice. The conspiracy of Blount, and the late expedition of Miranda, in our opinion, may be traced to the same source, and are only similar speculations planned to a different direction. When we say, they originated from the same source, we do not mean, however, to insinuate, that the members of the first association had a part in the two latter. On the contrary, we believe, that very few of them, if any, had a knowledge either of Blount's conspiracy, or of Gen. Miranda; but that the projectors of the first scheme, led others connected with them to the adoption of the two last.
The idea of a set of men conspiring together, with the intention of transferring a portion of that country of which they are citizens, to a foreign power, always carries with it such an appearance of the grossest treason, that it is with extreme difficulty, any palliation for the offence can be suffered. Yet, if ever the attempt was pardonable, it was pardonable with several of the members of the Kentucky association. From the public as well as private character of those concerned, who are personally known to us, we are confident that
only the most extreme necessity compelled them to take a part in the treasonable scheme.
It is extremely easy for those to prate about liberty, independence, and patriotism, who are peacefully seated in the heart of a civilized country, and who never have experienced the calls of hunger, the fatigues of incessant marching, for months together in the woods, and the horrors of an Indian war. But the situation of the Kentuckians at the period when this plan was projected, was very different from a state of peaceable quiet. After having devoted the best period of their life, to the establishment of the independence of their country; after having shed their blood in its defence, and submitted to all the ills of the revolutionary war, they saw themselves in the decline of age, unsupported by their country, and forced for a subsistence, to traverse a wilderness of nature, where death lay concealed in every bush, and the scalping knife of the Indian threatened them at every step. When to those evils the enmity of the Spaniards was added on one side, and that of the Canadian government on the other; we ought to pause and reflect on their situation. If a parallel is to be found in ancient history, it is the case of the Britons, and their celebrated letter to Actius, imploring the aid of the Romans, may convey some idea of the situation of the inhabitants of this state, twenty years ago. The elements of destruction which hung over the Kentuckians were, it is true, a little different from those which threatened the ancient Britons, but no less tremendous. "We know not (say the Britons,) which way to turn us. The barbarians drive us to the sea, and the sea forces us back to the barbarians; between which we have only the choice of two deaths—either to be swallowed up by the waves, or to be butchered by the sword."
Under these circumstances, the cool and dispassionate reasoner will not see it astonishing, if even virtue and integrity themselves, yielded to the plausible proposal of an intriguing and ambitious adventurer.
This man was general Wilkinson, the present governor of Upper Louisiana. Destitute of the means of supporting a vain and ostentatious parade in life, among wealthy settlers; general Wilkinson at an early period, sought the woods of Kentucky, in hopes probably of having one day the control of the state. He settled in the county of Woodford. The property he brought with him, did not exceed a few hundred pounds, and three or four slaves. This, however, might have been sufficient for a person of a different character from Wilkinson, to have procured all the necessaries of life, which the country at that period could afford. But the natural temper attendant on vanity and ambition, soon prompted him to search for another field, where wealth was to be more abundant and pomp and luxury were not to be fettered by the rules of a republican people. With this design, he made an excursion down the Mississippi, in the beginning of the year 1785; his stay was short. He took another trip in 1786, but previously had the policy to cause an impression to be made at Natchez and New-Orleans, by proper emissaries, dispatched for the purpose, that he was a person of the first influence and consequence in Kentucky and the Western country; and could command at pleasure, an army of ten or fifteen thousand citizens. Groom at this period was the Spanish resident at Natchez, a man every way calculated both to be imposed upon, and to impose upon others. The manners and deportment of Groom and Wilkinson were nearly alike; both fond of show, mutually sincere, and mutually lavish of their services and promises of friendship. An understanding of the most intimate nature, was therefore soon established between them. A pair of the most beautiful bay geldings, which Wilkinson bought for the express purpose, from Col. Bannister, at Petersburg, Virginia, were the next spring, forwarded to the Spaniard. At the request of Groom, Wilkinson made out a particular report of the geography, the resources, and population of the state of Kentucky. The inhabitants he mentioned, were in a state of the greatest discontent, and even bordering on insurrection; and that they would cheerfully accept the yoke of any foreign power which would aid them in a separation from the union. This report was transmitted to Mero, the governor of New-Orleans, and by him to the court of Madrid; but the Spanish translator in some manner, betrayed its contents to the Earl of Butte, then British Ambassador in Spain, who procured a copy of it for his government.
Thus was the state of Kentucky to be set up for sale; and to be courted and intrigued for by two European powers. Gardoque, the Spanish minister at Philadelphia, was applied to for that purpose, on the part of Spain; while lord Dorchester, the governor of Canada, was informed with a similar view by the ministry of Great Britain. A copy of Wilkinson's report was transmitted to lord Dorchester, which is probably yet in that nobleman's possession;
but another manuscript is preserved in the private library of the earl of Butte, at his family seat of mount Stuart, in Scotland.
1st. With regard to the Spanish negotiation, Gardoque commenced his operations by sounding Mr. John Brown, member of Congress for Kentucky, then in Philadelphia, on the subject. Having discovered in Mr. Brown an accommodating disposition towards the Spanish government; he directly made proposals for a separation of the state of Kentucky from the U. S. in favor of Spain, on the following conditions, with an assurance to Mr. Brown, if they were carried into effect, he himself should be raised to the dignity of a Spanish grandee, with a suitable pension for life.
1st. That the citizens would be allowed the privilege of their laws, and no restraint placed on them in respect to religious matters.
2d. That the navigation of the Mississippi would be equally free to the Kentuckians, as to the other subjects of Spain.
3d. That in all other matters the Kentuckians would remain on the same footing with the Louisianians.
Whether these terms were complied with on the part of Mr. Brown we do not know; but they are narrated in a letter written at that period by Mr. Brown to the hon. Samuel McDowell, of Jessamine county, one of the circuit judges of the state. Mr. Brown was then said to be on the point of marriage with Mr. McDowell's daughter; and it is very natural to suppose he should embrace the first opportunity of informing his intended father in law of the honors which were to be conferred on him at the Spanish court.
Part of the scheme is also mentioned in another letter, written by Mr. Brown about the same time to judge Muter, present president of the Kentucky court of appeals. This letter being obtained in some way from judge Muter, was published about 1789 in the Kentucky Gazette; but only one copy of that paper, we believe, is at this day in existence. It is in the possession of col. Bullitt, of Jefferson county. So careful were the members of the Kentucky association to have every document which gave light to their transactions, destroyed.
In corroboration of this statement, we beg leave to give the substance of a conversation which passed between governor Greenup and one of the editors, who waited upon the governor, in company with another gentleman, for the purpose of obtaining information respecting the plan. Governor Greenup mentioned, that Mr. Brown, soon after his return from Philadelphia, related to him in a private conversation, the proposals which had been made to him by Gardoque, which were nearly the same with those we have stated; that Mr. Brown appeared, in a guarded manner, to approve of them; but upon governor Greenup expressing his abhorrence at the scheme, Mr. Brown never afterwards made any further communication to him on that business. The governor also observed, that he had seen Mr. Brown's letter to Mr. McDowell and judge Muter, which to the best of his recollection, corresponded with the private conversation he had with Mr. Brown.
In regard to general Wilkinson, governor Greenup said, he well remembered that Wilkinson read in the Kentucky convention at Danville, in 1788, the report or memorial which he gave to the Spanish governor at New Orleans, on the subject of the resources, geography and population of the state of Kentucky, as likewise a letter from the Spanish governor to Wilkinson, informing him his memorial had been transmitted to Madrid. That this memorial consisted of about 80 pages of manuscript, and that Wilkinson in the same convention, made a motion that they should proceed to the formation of a separate constitution, independent of the approbation of the state of Virginia, which motion was seconded by judge Wallace, now of the court of appeals, and warmly supported by all those members who were then supposed to be engaged in the negotiation with Gardoque. Gov. Greenup also remarked, that he understood the negotiation with Gardoque had so far advanced that even the names of the several individuals were mentioned, who were to fill the several places of honor in Kentucky under the Spanish government; but from the length of time elapsed they had escaped his memory. He added, it was his opinion that most of the documents which could throw light on this conspiracy, were destroyed; and that if they existed, they probably were in the possession of col. Todd, who was then secretary to the convention.
The proposals of Gardoque having been agreed to by gen. Wilkinson and his friends, an army was to have been immediately embodied to have conducted a revolt against the U. S. in favor of the Spanish monarchy. The command of this army, we are authorized to say, was first offered to gen. Scott; but the patriotism of this veteran spurned at the proposal. The proffer was next made to gen. *****, who was
equally indignant at the plan. Wilkinson himself then volunteered, the command. The raising of the army was however delayed by the arrival of an agent from lord Dorchester, in Canada, offering terms from the British government. For we suppose it mattered little with Wilkinson to what European power the state of Kentucky became subjected, provided he himself received a handsome provision.
This agent of lord Dorchester was a col. Conolly, a British officer, who was taken prisoner in Virginia during the revolutionary war. The only gentleman he knew in the state of Kentucky was the late col. Thomas Marshall, father to the present chief justice of the U. S. The acquaintance between col. Marshall and col. Conolly had originated in Virginia when the latter was a prisoner. Conolly entered Kentucky at Louisville, having only for his companion and protector an Indian squaw, of considerable influence, and well known among the different Indian tribes, thro' which he had to pass. He repaired without loss of time to col. Marshall's seat, in the county of Woodford, only a few miles distant from the plantation on which Wilkinson then lived. He arrived about breakfast, and immediately after taking a repast, opened the object of his visit, and produced the copy of Wilkinson's report, which had been sent to lord Dorchester. The whole of this day, and the greater part of the next, was devoted to the consideration of Wilkinson's report, and to the proposal which Conolly was authorized to make to the Kentuckians, from lord Dorchester, which was the following:
1st. That Kentucky should, with the assistance of England, be erected into an independent state, and the inhabitants enjoy all the privileges of British subjects, without taxation.
2d. That the town and port of New Orleans, with the free navigation of the Mississippi, would be purchased from the Spaniards for Kentucky.
Col. Marshall however terminated the conference by not only refusing directly all aid and interference on his own part, but by assuring col. Conolly that the Kentuckians, whatever a few ambitious individuals might desire, would never agree to a separation from the U. S.
Col. Conolly, notwithstanding the opinion of col. Marshall, had hopes, that by the powerful influence of British gold, he might prevail upon general Wilkinson and his friends to break off the negotiation with Spain. With this view he waited upon col. Muter, now judge Muter, whom he understood was on terms of intimacy with Wilkinson; we have the authority of governor Greenup to say, that col. Muter told him, that upon his expressing doubts to Conolly as to the policy of an union with Great Britain in preference to Spain, he immediately replied, "Col. Muter, Great Britain can command your country when she pleases; she has at all times an army in Canada and a fleet in the West Indies."
What conversation took place between Conolly and Wilkinson we know not. We have only been informed that they were introduced to each other, and afterwards became well acquainted. Col. Conolly continued at Lexington for several weeks together; where he daily received visits from Wilkinson and his friends. His stay probably would have been much longer, had he not been recognized by some Kentuckians, who, suspecting his visit among them did not proceed from the purest motives, threatened his life. We believe too that those threats would have been put in execution, had not the interference of the lately deceased major John Crittendon, of Woodford, prevented the accomplishment. The last morning that Conolly was in Lexington, major Crittendon breakfasted with him in a private room in a tavern. During breakfast a noise was heard in the passage. Major Crittendon suspecting the cause, rushed out at the moment that a huge woodsman, with a large knife, was attempting an entrance; and happily contrived to pacify the enraged countryman, until assistance was procured. Col. Conolly after this circumstance, thought it was most prudent not to stay longer in Kentucky. He left Lexington a few hours afterwards, attended by an escort, which Wilkinson procured for him, and which saw both him and the Indian squaw safely landed over the Ohio, at Limestone. Although we have mentioned the names of judge Muter, and major Crittendon, we think proper to observe, that neither of these gentlemen were, to our knowledge, implicated in the negotiation with Spain or England.
Colonel Marshall, after Conolly left him, transmitted immediately an account of every particular to general Washington; and the interesting correspondence which took place between general Washington and col. Marshall on this subject, we are authorised to say, is at present, in the possession of Gen. John Marshall, of Richmond, Virginia.
(To be Continued.)

The following has been communicated to the National Intelligencer.
MR. HUNTER,
The Editors of the "Western World" having refused to insert the annexed note in that paper, I have to request you, Sir, to publish it in your Imperial Palladium , as soon as possible. Since the above refusal of the Editors of the "Western World," their second number has appeared, wherein to justify their conduct they have inserted a certificate signed by a boy named S. G. Hopkins; I therefore wish the note to be considered as applying also to that publication. By way of preface to Hopkins's certificate, the Editors say that one of them "was informed by Mr. Brown, I had softened in part" my "conversation respecting him," this I believe to be another falsity, I positively denied the statement of the conversation to be true. When Editors are driven to such pitiful subterfuges, it is difficult to determine whether they deserve most my commiseration or contempt.
CHRISTOPHER GREENUP.
July 14th, 1806.
To the Editors of the Western World.
From the conversation I had with you on the evening of the day on which the first number of your paper appeared, I did expect from your promise that you would have corrected the erroneous statements you had inserted in that paper respecting a conversation (which you were not authorised to publish) that passed between one of you & myself concerning Mr. Brown and others; understanding that you are not likely to do so, I think it proper to declare that I did not in that conversation say that Mr. Brown "in a guarded manner approved" of Gardoqui's propositions, or any words like it. Mr. Brown merely related Gardoqui's conversation with him, neither approving nor disapproving the same. That I did not say that Gen. Wilkinson's memorial contained "about eighty pages." But I did say and do now say, that I knew nothing of the individuals who were to fill the several places of honor under the Spanish government in Kentucky, but by the information of the late Col. Marshall. At the time Mr. Wood spoke to me on the above subject I had not seen your statement of the propositions alleged to have been made by Mr. Gardoqui to Mr. Brown, and therefore could not say his statement in the conversation with me corresponded with them. I now say it did not.
CHRISTOPHER GREENUP.
11th July, 1806.
ANECDOTE.
Carlini was the first comic actor on the stage of Padua; a single glance of his eye would diffuse smiles over the most rigid countenance. A gentleman one morning waited on the first physician in that city, & requested he would prescribe for a disease to which he was not merely a subject, but a victim—Melancholy. "Melancholy," replied the doctor, "You must go to the theatre, and Carlini will soon dissipate your gloom, and enliven your spirits." "Dear Sir," said the patient, seizing the Doctor by the hand, "excuse me, I am Carlini myself; at the moment I convulse the audience with laughter, I am the prey of the disease I came to consult you on."
FROM THE HORNET.
As much clamor has been excited by designing federalists, and reverberated by the partisans, against the adoption of Gun-Boats for the defence of our coasts and harbors, with a view of injuring the reputation and well earned popularity of our executive government, I subjoin extracts from the journal of the siege of Gibraltar, copied from Exshaw's Dublin Magazine, of March 1785. Liberal minded men, of whatever political complexion, will see that the remarks, or extracts, are the result of experience, after a siege as memorable both for the talents displayed and exertions used by the French, Spanish, and British commanders, as any perhaps on record, and that the great utility of Gun-Boats are clearly pointed out.
"Nov. 15th, 1779.—When our convoy arrives we must keep a sharp look out, otherwise the enemy will attempt to burn our ships. I with me had eighteen or twenty Gun Boats, carrying a twenty four pounder each, with 30 or 40 men. Two of these are equal to a frigate in calm weather. If we had a few of these under an enterprising naval commander, we might have brought in abundance of supplies by seizing neutral vessels, and saving many of our own that were taken. I am persuaded too, that with such boats, we might cannonade the enemy's camp, and enfilade their lines and chandeliers in calm nights, without any risk, as they would be a small object for the enemy to fire at. Those that the Spaniards have are 30 or 40 tons burthen, very low in the water, carrying one very large triangular sail, and rowing fourteen or 15 oars on each side; the gun peeps over the prow of the boat, and is always elevated; but I am informed they can fire nearly point blank if they please, by lifting out a sliding board, in the prow, which forms a port."
They sail very fast, and keep well up to the wind. I say, with a few of these boats we might set fire to the five ships that are at Orange Grove, and destroy their becks."
Such of the federalists as place unbounded confidence in every thing British, believing their constitution to be the greatest of all human inventions, even superior to the art of printing, will not, after this, carp at the adoption of Gun-Boats for our defence, on an improved plan, when they find them so strongly recommended by a British officer.
A CRUMB FOR MONARCHISTS
The NEW TAXES to be laid in Great-Britain the present year, agreeably to a statement submitted to Parliament, amount to seven millions one hundred and thirty-six thousand pounds sterling upwards of thirty millions of dollars.
It would seem by the additional burdens every year imposed upon the oppressed and impoverished people of that unfortunate nation that their government (like the man who, because he could carry his calf day after day without feeling the additional weight, imagined he could continue to carry it daily until it should become an Ox) believe that the people can bear any load they may to please lay on, & are disposed to make the experiment how much they can exist under. We cannot, however, believe, that the People of Britain can much longer bear up under the rapid accumulation of poverty, taxation & usury.
Ungrateful must be the wretch who can think of the peculiar blessings with which we are surrounded without a heart full of thankfulness to the "Giver of every good and perfect gift," for his unbounded munificence towards us. Unworthy to breathe a free air must he be, who would barter our peace and prosperity, our freedom and happiness, for that iniquitous system of government which has dragged those highly-favored countries which compose the British empire to the depth of wretchedness, degradation and despondence—to the brink of bankruptcy and starvation!
Let that man forever be distrusted who, to bring republicanism into contempt, prates about the paltry inconveniences and disadvantages which attend republican governments—their want of energy, liability to faction, &c. All the evils we have ever experienced or have a ground to anticipate from our system, are blessings compared with the best fruits of monarchy—Britain is boasted of by royalists as the happiest nation in the old world; and in Britain COBETT declares that "all the laborers having families are paupers"—and that "a man with a wife and four small children, cannot, out of his labor possibly provide them, and himself with the means of living." He does not mean, he says, that they cannot live comfortably, for, to comfort, such men have long ago bid farewell; but, (he continues) I assert, and am ready to prove, that he cannot provide them, without parish aid with a sufficiency of food, not to satisfy their cravings but to sustain life."
What a picture is here of the most powerful, free and happy monarchy in the world! And instead of lightening the enormous load under which the nation is groaning—more than thirty millions of dollars a year of new taxes are just imposed!
May the people of America so estimate and improve the invaluable and innumerable blessings they enjoy, that a kind Providence may not, in punishment for an ungrateful use of his distinguishing favors, give them over to hardness of heart and blindness of eyes, and permit them to bring upon themselves that greatest of all earthly curses—a monarchy!—or a government administered upon monarchical principles.
Tren. T. American.
LITERARY.
FROM THE BOSTON CENTINEL.
Mr. Russell,
The charge of Deism or Infidelity has not unfrequently been made against some of the first statesmen, philosophers and generals of the U.S.—Among others the late Dr. Franklin has not escaped the charge.—I do not recollect to have seen in his works, any opinion of his on the subject of religion. But in perusing the life of the late Rev. Dr. Stiles, President of Yale College, I find, that in January, 1790, the Rev. Doctor, in a letter to Dr. F. requesting his portrait for the college, thus ingeniously expressed his desire on the subject:
"You know, sir, I am a christian; would to Heaven all others were as I am, except my imperfections. As much as I know of Dr. Franklin, I have not an idea of his religious sentiments. I wish to know the opinion of my venerable friend concerning Jesus of Nazareth.—He will not impute this to impertinence or improper curiosity in one who many years has continued to love, estimate, and reverence his abilities and literary character with an ardour of affection—If I have said too much let the request be blotted out, and be no more."
The Doctor, in reply to President Stiles, under date of March 9, 1790, makes this reply:
"I do not take your curiosity amiss, and endeavour in a few words, to gratify it. As to Jesus of Nazareth, my opinion of whom you particularly desire, I think the system of morals and his religion, as he left them to us, and the best the
world ever saw, or is likely to see; but I apprehend it has received various corrupting changes; and I have, with most of the present dissenters in England, some doubts as to his Divinity."
This letter was written about a month before the Doctor died, April 17, 1790.
Now whether this is not a defence of christianity, or savors of infidelity, your readers can judge as well as
EUSEBIUS.
New-York, August 9.
Brisban and Brannan, of this city, have just published, in a small pocket volume neatly printed, "THE LIFE OF LAMORNON MALESHERBES," formerly French minister of state during the reign of the late Louis, a work of uncommon merit.
"It exhibits the outlines of a character, distinguished most eminently by purity and worth; and, at the same time, recommended by all the advantages which are conferred by family, rank, and accomplishments both elegant and solid.—Europe, in the eighteenth century, does not furnish an individual of greater interest and on whose history the mind dwells with more satisfaction and delight. The narrative, indeed, has little to boast on the score of method or arrangement; but, as it details the most interesting passages in the life of such a man, it cannot fail to engage attention; and is entitled to a considerable share of notice."
FROM THE BOSTON CHRONICLE.
When the beauty of youth, blooming in science, excellent in virtue, and rich in expectations is taken from life: in the ordinary course of mortality the tears of sympathy flow spontaneously; but when the grave reluctantly receives its untimely prey from the hand of violence, gloomy silence, burdened with astonishment, denies to sorrow its usual utterance.
The funeral of Mr. CHARLES AUSTIN, the oldest son of the Hon. BEN. AUSTIN, esq. was attended yesterday by a vast multitude, from this, and other towns.
On Monday last, T. O. Selfridge, a lawyer of this town, about 34 years of age, was committed by Justice Gorrham, for his murder, perpetrated on the same day, a little after one o'clock. We do not mean to anticipate a trial, which will be more affecting and interesting than any one which has taken place in our country; but the public anxiety demands a statement of this unhappy affair, so far as it can be given with propriety.
The Coroner's Jury, who were very respectable men, formed and signed an inquest of murder. The witnesses, sworn before the justice on the examination, testified, that a few minutes after one o'clock, they saw Selfridge and Austin meet in State street, on the side path, near the shop of Mr. Townsend, goldsmith. No witness was sworn, who was high enough to hear any words that passed. Within less than a minute after they met, the witnesses saw Selfridge take a pistol from a side pocket, and discharge it upon Austin. Austin instantly struck him, or at him, with a small stick he had in his hand; Selfridge threw the pistol with great violence at his head, and snatched the stick from his hand; Austin fell from the side path on to the pavement; Selfridge beat him with the stick, and continued to beat him until some persons came up, and with great force prevented his proceeding further. Austin never spoke, but expired instantly. The blood was gushing from his mouth. The Coroner was sworn, who said the ball entered his breast just below the left pap, and passed through his body. No evidence was offered by the prisoner; but at an impartial and interesting trial, the circumstances of mitigation, if there are any, will appear; and justice will, we trust, have its course.
Mr. Austin was in the 19th year of his age; he was to have taken his first degree at Cambridge College the ensuing commencement. He was respected by the scholars there, and beloved by his class. The government of college had assigned him an honorable part in the literary exhibitions, on that day. His fond parents were providing an entertainment on the occasion, for a large number of his and their friends; the guests were invited, and the agreeable topic of commencement day, floated spontaneously on all their language. Selfridge had the same day published in the Boston Gazette, that Mr. Austin's father was "a liar, a villain, and a coward," and signed it. The young man visited a number of his friends, and families where he was acquainted, in the forenoon, as usual, and appeared very cheerful and gay; he left one of their houses about ten minutes before he was killed. His breast, glowing with filial piety, received the fatal ball, which probably had been prepared for the fond bosom of his father!
From the Salem Register.
The union of the civil and ecclesiastical power of the Holy See has not so many defenders as in past ages. The distinction is felt by the most despotic as well as the most limited governments. And the present condition of the ecclesiastical states has long called for a reformation, which had for its object the dignity of the Sovereign Pontiff, as well as of his subjects.—The government of Rome has long been able to balance all its evils, by the causes which produced
them. Its uncommon resources derived from its influence in all catholic countries could maintain its power. Thus exercising authority over subjects, who did not form its sovereign pleasure. Hence in causes civil, the ordinances of the Pontiff was decisive. Even an ordinance was not always thought necessary. A decision from the papal chair was sufficient without a written law. & without appeal.—Still to preserve some regard to antient usages, the rescript was united to the special case in which it was given. In criminal cases, the power to change a punishment, or prevent it, was thought sufficient. The power, at the discretion of the chair, to arrest and banish without notice of the crime, involved all other. By degrees the Holy Father assumed the direction of all imposts. Thus he raised a revenue exceeding 4 millions of dollars upon a population exceeding 2 millions. The forming of taxes, the duties on wines, the taxes on grain and articles of food, and upon foreign goods imported, supplied his principal means. The land taxes have been oppressive, the tax on butchers meat amounted to one third of its value, and wheat paid one quarter of a dollar a bushel. The duties on the principal articles have been given at 20 per cent. In this manner the See was oppressed, and at the accession of the late Pope the public debt exceeded 50 millions of dollars. For present relief the papal lottery is continued, and the bank bills which many years ago exceeded 6 millions of dollars, are among the expedients for raising money, and to assist the finances. Public loans have been indulged at Rome, three hundred years.
From this condition of the affairs at Rome, every visit of the French was contemplated, as designed to create a change from which even Rome might have something to hope, in the separation of the civil and religious establishment. The degradation of the sovereign Pontiff, was not expected, but report has often brought a change in the domestic affairs of Rome—The name of Cardinal Fesch has been mentioned. He has been Nuncio at Paris, and we are told is now promoted in the Roman Empire. Should the new establishment at Naples without a violation of the church, restore new hopes to that country, and should Greece again find a conqueror, who would declare her free, we might celebrate this age of wonders, and hope for the enlarged happiness of mankind.
FROM THE AURORA.
POLITICAL VIEWS.
No. IV.
The Commerce of the Mediterranean.
The seventh power which we enumerated is that of Turkey. Under a judicious administration and well regulated policy, the Turkish empire in Europe, possesses natural advantages capable of placing it on an equality with any power in Europe, either in commerce or in arms. We judge of men and nations by comparison; the Turks stigmatize the Christians as infidels, and we are too apt to repay them with as little consideration, and no more justice in the same style of invective. Yet it is certain, that taking the Turkish people separate from their government, their moral & social characters are infinitely preferable to those of the Russians, their neighbors and enemies, and much more to be admired than those of nations who boast of civilization.
The Moslem religion is not favorable to the sciences, the arts, or even to commerce. Contrived in a climate where luxury had not increased human wants, favorable to indolence, it encourages no passions which require exertion but those of war, and this is sustained by religious enthusiasm to a height unsurpassed. But the valor of the Turks is not regulated by system, and has hitherto spurned the restraints and methods of European tactics. Their commerce discards European method in like manner; and therefore it is that the merchandmen of Turkey are so few as 200; and that her ships are never seen in the Atlantic, very rarely in the Italian seas. Their ignorance of science precludes them from the advantages of philosophical discovery on the art of navigation, and other obvious causes inclined them, before the French revolution, to employ the vessels of Venice, Ragusa, and France, and of certain Greeks of the islands, whose bishops held a considerable influence in the Archipelago. The French revolution, by depriving the Porte of the tonnage of Venice and France, tended to throw the whole weight of that commerce in the hands of Russia, and give strength to the power which was most eager for its destruction, and which appeared to be accelerated by the impending ruin and partition of France.
Russia, therefore, suddenly rose to an immense height of commercial wealth, and displayed very soon after the opening of the first coalition, 860 sail of merchant vessels, under her flag, who maintained a most active and lucrative commerce between the Ruxime and the Mediterranean. The activity of the English capitalists profited by these revolutions of commerce, and the productions of England found their way through the Baltic, by Riga, to Cherson, or to Nickopol on the river Bog, which gave a water carriage the whole way to Constantinople or the Mediterranean, and at a less expence than the former route of Hamburg, Vienna, and the stream of the Danube to its mouth. Though the Russian flag fluttered incessantly before the minarets of Constantinople, the crews of the ships were really composed of Greeks, who had been seduced or emigrated voluntarily to the Crimea. The subsequent occupation of the Cephalonian Isles (Corfu, Theaki, &c.) which by the by are guaranteed
as an independent state, by Russia, and bound to pay tribute to Turkey by the Russians, augmented their commerce and their influence in a military way. It remains to be seen whether Russia will succeed in her efforts to retain the republic of the seven isles. Her military movements in Dalmatia, prove it to be her intention, and that the war must inevitably take that direction. If Russia should be dispossessed by war or by treaty of those islands, her consequence as a maritime power will be at an end, and her projects on Constantinople will be no longer as plausible and probable, nor so alarming to Europe as they have appeared to be for thirty years.
Joseph II. of Austria, had meditated the overthrow of the Turkish empire, as well as Catharine II. Vast projects of internal navigation and commerce were formed by that extraordinary man. He had introduced the cultivation of the aromatic Tobaccos of Macedonia into Hungary, and established Greek families in the Banat of Temesweaver, so late as the year 1780. The port of Tiume in Istria, at the bottom of the Venetian Gulph, he declared to be a part of Hungary, notwithstanding its great distance from thence, and that it had been always included in the district of Trieste.—Charles V. had constructed a very excellent road from this place into Carlsbad in Croatia. Joseph II. proposed no less than constructing similar roads in Slavonia, digging canals from the Upper Save to the Danube, and thus uniting the Adriatic to Austria and Hungary by internal navigation, which was to cross the mountains of Morlachia and unite the waters of the Baab and the Drave, the Laybach and the Save. The death of Joseph II. and the convention of Pilnitz, diverted the attention of Austria from projects so much more laudable than war.
Those facts, however, shew the tendency of the policy of Austria, and the solicitude to become a commercial power. The events of the second coalition, fatal and disastrous as they have been to the arms, revenues, and influence of the Austrian house, might by the unexpected acquisition of the Venetian territory on both sides of the Adriatic, have more than realised the commercial ambition, and compensated the losses of Austria in ancient Burgundy. The neighborhood and easy communication between the Adriatic and the Austrian dominions in Hungary, &c. opened resources and opportunities for maritime activity which the house of Austria could not have realised in every quarter, and her acquisition of which ought, (as no doubt it was intended by the magnitude and importance of the cession) to have bound Austria by perpetual gratitude to France. Before these acquisitions the subjects of the house of Austria navigated 250 sail of vessels in the Mediterranean. The increase of her commerce was astonishing; in two years it arose to 1500 sail! Yet the Venetians, who, under the aristocracy, had formed the best code of regulations for commerce to be found in Europe, deplored in their transfer to the imperial government, the false policy, the hardships and oppressions to which they were subjected. The great increase of ships under the flag of Austria, must no doubt be considered as being composed of the Venetian ships, or of the subjects which they had acquired by the treaties of Campo Formio and Leoben. But the principal consideration in this view is, to whom the same resources are now transferred, and what must necessarily be the consequence of this change of circumstances.
The next power was the little state of Ragusa, the ancient Epidaurus. This little aristocracy, whose territory contains 270 square miles, and 80,000 inhabitants, is distinguished at once for the sterility of the soil in a fine climate and in the midst of a productive and luxuriant country; for its industry and its extraordinary policy—it was said to pay the Turks through fear, the Venetians out of hatred, the Pope out of superstition, Spain out of policy, and Naples out of cunning; their cunning was not successful, for in 1753, the Neapolitan king under pretence of possessing the right to appoint the commander of their troops, quarrelled with them; the Porte was not able or willing to protect them; Spain was too intimately allied with Naples to interfere; the Venetians wished their destruction; and the pope could not from the pure love of peace interfere in war. The Ragusans were forced to put themselves under the protection of the king of Naples! They are considered as the Nantucket men of the Mediterranean, & are always at peace with the Barbary powers. The Neapolitan protection is now at an end, and the carriers of the Mediterranean incidentally come under the protection of France. This little state, under all its difficulties, profiting by the madness of great nations, doubled its commerce in ten years. The policy of France will not obscure this little gem on the margin of the Adriatic; it will be preserved if not for curiosity, or from magnanimity, or from its insignificance, at least for its neutral and accommodating carriage during the war. Perhaps the fleet of Great Britain, if it penetrate to that neighborhood, may not be so indulgent; like Genoa, Tuscany, Holland, & Naples, it may be forced from its neutrality, and become a federative member of the empire.
Tuscany or Etruria, in former days an eminent commercial state, was ruined long before the French revolution by the corsairs of Barbary. During the early vicissitudes of the French revolution, before the intrigues and menaces of British emissaries and fleets had plunged it in misfortune, its commerce assumed a promising aspect; its resources are unquestionable—its dependence

France as a federal member of the empire determines their common destiny.
The commerce and industry of the Roman territory is trivial and insignificant; the mariners of the Roman coast seek employment in the service of other nations; and it remains to be ascertained whether the revolutions which have and are about to take place will restore the Roman state to any degree of importance in policy or commerce.
The commerce of the Italian kingdom and the isle of Elba will now share a common fortune with Tuscany, Genoa, and other members of the federative empire.
The Prussians employ several Greek vessels under their flag, and carry the phirmand (or passport) of the Grand Seigneur for their protection against the Barbary states, which are procured by the Prussian ambassador at Constantinople.
The Dutch were formerly the greatest carriers of the Mediterranean; but since their involvement by the blind folly of the Stadholder, in the war of the French revolution, the number of ships has decreased, so that the last 12 years the appearance of the Dutch flag has been as rare in the Mediterranean as a Neapolitan in the Baltic.
No nation has profited more by the wars of the revolution than the Danes. Indeed since the American revolution, the Danish commerce has been progressively increasing; so that in 1804, in the Mediterranean trade alone, they had 400 sail, which however comprehended some Dutch ships and Hamburgers under that flag.
Extract of a letter from Machias (Maine) dated the 18th July, to a gentleman in Boston. "While our Western brethren complain of agricultural disappointments incidental to a drought; we have in addition to the same misfortune to lament the effects of a sweeping and desolating fire."
and it was impossible to resist or arrest them. They consumed mills, houses, barns, fences, sheep, cattle, and even crops in their desolating progress, and in some instances the inhabitants were unable to save their furniture.
"That settlement which but a few weeks since smiled in prosperity, is now a black and dreary waste, with a few smokes issuing from those spots where the work of destruction was incomplete."
Augusta, (Maine) July 11. HORRID MURDER.
At an early hour on Wednesday morning last, the inhabitants of this town were alarmed with the dreadful information, that capt. James Purrington of this place, in cool blood, had murdered his wife, six children and himself.
That the murder was committed in the following manner: In the outer room lay prostrate on his face, & weltering in his gore, the perpetrator of the dreadful deed—his throat cut in the most shocking manner, and the bloody razor lying on a table by his side.
FRANCE: "Napoleon, Emperor of the French & King of Italy."
"Accounts having reached us, that in several of the northern departments of our empire, certain Jews, not exercising any other profession than that of usury, have by extorting an enormous interest, reduced a number of farmers to a state of great distress: we have conceived it our duty to succour such of our subjects as have been reduced to those sorrowful extremes by an unjustifiable avarice."
renew. For the accomplishment of this design, we have resolved to collect the principal persons among the Jews, in an assembly; and then, through the means of commissioners, whom we shall nominate for the purpose, to communicate our intentions; and who will at the same time, bear their wishes in respect to such means as they may deem most expedient to awaken among their brethren the exercise of the arts and useful professions of life, in order that an honest industry may take the place of those scandalous resources, to which so many persons among the Jews have given themselves up, from the father to the son, for several ages past.
"1. The execution of all contracts or judgments against farmers not merchants, shall be suspended for one year reckoning from the date of the present decree, simple conservatory acts excepted; such farmers belonging to the departments of Le Sarre, Roer, Mont-Tonnerre, Haut et Bas Rhin, Rhin and Moselle, and Vosges, in cases where they have been granted in favor of Jews."
"2. On the 15th of July next, an assembly of those individuals professing the Jewish religion, shall be held in our good city of Paris. This assembly is only to be formed of those Jews who inhabit the French territory."
"3. The members shall be regulated according to the table hereunto annexed, taken from the various departments, and selected by the prefects from among the Rabbins; the proprietors of land, and other Jews the most distinguished by their probity and intelligence."
"4. In the other departments of our empire not named in the annexed table, should any individuals be found professing the Jewish religion to the number of 100, and less than 500 and above the number to 1000, two deputies; and so on in proportion."
"5. The deputies chosen shall be at Paris before the 10th of July, and shall announce their arrival, and their place of residence, to the secretary of our minister of the interior, who shall inform them of the place, the day, and the hour when the assembly shall open."
"Our minister of the interior is charged with the execution of the present decree. (Signed,) "NAPOLEON". Palace of St. Cloud, May 30. [Here follows a list of the number of the deputies required from each of the departments, making in the whole 74 persons]
The feudal system, the abolition of which was one of the first objects of the constituent assembly, is now rising again in France from its ashes. Napoleon, by his 1st communication to the senate, created more important fiefs, than any French sovereign of modern times. The principality of Neufchatel and Valengin, conferred on Marshal Alexander Berhier, is a fine territory, with 45,430 inhabitants.
COMMUNICATION. We have the pleasure to acquaint the citizens of Washington that the Centre Market shall be graced with as fat and nice MEAL on Saturday and Sunday morning next, as ever has been raised in the U. S.
JUST PUBLISHED, BY WM. DUANE, And for sale at his Book-store, Pennsylvania avenue, and at J. March's, George Town, the LAWS OF THE FIRST SESSION of the NINTH CONGRESS. Terms to Bookellers made known on application.
W. D. offers for sale on reasonable terms a handsome assortment of Blank Books, Receipt Books, &c. lately received from Philadelphia. Also Blank Warrants by the quint or half quint. The complete Family Brewer may be had at 25 cts. August 15—32
JUST PUBLISHED, AND FOR SALE, At Mr. Morford's and Bailey and Wallace's Book Store, Broad Street, and at the Courier Office, PRICE, 18 3/4 CENTS; A pamphlet on the importance of cultivating the BOURBON COTTON, by the Agricultural Society of the Bahama Islands.
The very great importance of this pamphlet to the Planters of this State, and every other cotton country, has induced its publication. It consists of copious extracts of letters from Cotton Planters of the different islands; and the amount of their general evidence is that the Bourbon Cotton is decidedly preferable to the Anguilla or Georgia Cotton; that it is of quick growth and produces earlier than the common cotton; that it yields about 150 lb. of clean cotton to the acre; but the greatest advantage is, that it is secure from the ravage of the caterpillar, which so often blasts the hopes of our planters. This subject is deserving the attention of our planters, and this pamphlet is recommended to their examination as the probable means of increasing the value of their crops. Charleston, S. C. Aug. 15—32
SALE BY AUCTION. ON SATURDAY the 23rd of August at 11 o'clock, A. M. will be sold, on the premises, the HOUSE & LOT, lately occupied by Mr. George Collard, on North Street near the Bank. It is an excellent stand for the Grocery business, and has until very lately, been under an annual rent of 150 dollars. Terms of sale, one third of the purchase money to be paid in sixty days, one third in four months, and the residue in six months. Negotiable notes with good indorsers will be required. T. H. GILLISS, Executor of Stacy Byus, dec'd. Washington City, August 15—32
TO RENT, On very low terms, FOUR convenient two story brick DWELLING HOUSES, directly south of the Six Bui dings. Apply to T. H. GILLISS, Washington city, Aug. 15—w4f
FOR SALE. THE HOUSE & LOT now occupied by Mr. George Southerland, on North Street near the War Office: it is now rented for 175 dollars per annum. The terms of sale will be moderate and accommodating. Apply to T. H. GILLISS, Washington city, Aug. 15—w4f
Department of State, August 13, 1806. PROOF is requested to be transmitted to this Department, that John Williams, John Budd, Roles Morris, John Hays, John Dickson, William Mills, Henry Pierce, John Collin, Nathaniel Perry, James Vent, John Jamieson, John A. Mott, Jacob Bonequaid, John Days, and Henry Kilkpatrick, now detained in the British service, are citizens of the United States, accompanied with a description of their persons respectively, in order that application may be made for their release. The Printers of the Laws of the United States, in the sea-ports, are requested to republish the above three times. August 15—3t
In Chancery, August 11, 1806. ORDERED that the sale made by John Spalding, trustee for the sale of the real estate of Nicholas Blacklock, deceased, as stated in his report, shall be ratified and confirmed, unless cause to the contrary be shown on or before the 10th day of October next provided a copy of this order be inserted three times, in the paper where he advertised the sale, and also in the Maryland Gazette, before the 10th day of September next. The report states, that 514 acres of land in Charles county was sold for 8150 dollars 75 cents. SAMUEL HARVEY HOWARD, Reg. Cur. Can. August 15—3t
A FACT. THOSE indebted to me must make immediate payment, as I am determined to close my books finally, and all accounts which are not settled in a very short time will be put in a way for collection. Finding it very unpleasant, and troublesome to make collections, I shall for the future sell for CASH only, which will be much more to my satisfaction and give me the pleasure to do business quick and twenty per cent. lower than any person who sells on a credit. Shall have for sale a handsome assortment of fashionable, substantial and fallible goods; and by giving the best prices Cash for Tobacco inspected in this place. ROMULUS RIGGS, George Town, August 15—ep6w
20 Dollars Reward. RUNAWAY from the subscriber, on the night of the 13th inst a negro woman named KIZZIAH, 24 years of age, about 5 feet 6 inches high, of a bright complexion; she took with her an only child, a boy named HANSON about three years of age, well grown, and remarkable for a protuberance of his navel, her clothing not remembered. Whoever apprehends said negro and child, shall receive five Dollars if taken within the district of Columbia, the above reward, if taken without the district, and all reasonable charges paid. ROBERT ALEXANDER. August 15—tf
On the 1st day of September, MISS WHITE FROM ENGLAND, Intends opening a SCHOOL for instructing YOUNG LADIES in the following branches of education, English grammatically, Geography, the use of the Globes, the elements of History and the French language, Writing, Arithmetic, and plain Work—Music, Drawing, and dancing taught with Fancy Work if required. Cards of Miss White's terms may be had at Mrs. Whit's house, next door to the Columbia bank. August 15—w3t
Strayed or Stolen from the residence of Mrs. CATHARINE DIGGES, some time since a sorrel HORSE, about five years old, either a star or small blaze in his forehead, not positively recollected which, & some of his legs white—he has a mark on the left side of his neck, as if formerly he had been shot with a bullet—he is wild and difficult to be taken. I have heard of such a horse being seen in the neighborhood of Mr. Taylor's farm near this city. EIGHT DOLLARS reward will be given to any person who will bring the above-mentioned horse to the subscriber. ROBERT BRINT, City of Washington, August 8—w6t
PUBLIC AUCTION. WILL be sold at Public Auction, on Saturday the 16th inst. at one o'clock, at the Auction Store, Navy yard, at one o'clock, a variety of household furniture, consisting of beds, bedsteads, chairs, tables, and so forth. The terms of sale, cash. N. L. QUEEN, Auctioneer. August 16 11.
FOR SALE. AN ELEGANT SADDLE HORSE, Well gated—a bargain may be had, by making application immediately to the Printer of this paper. August 15—u
Scheme of Lottery No. V. For the encouragement of Literature, and for improving the Navigation between Troy and Watervliet, and for other purposes. Table with 3 columns: Prize, Number, Amount. 1 Prize of D. 50,000 is D. 50,000. 1 " 20,000 is 20,000. 1 " 10,000 is 10,000. 1 " 5,000 is 5,000. 1 " 2,000 is 2,000. 1 " 1,000 is 1,000. 5 " 500 is 2,500. 10 " 300 is 3,000. 20 " 200 is 4,000. 30 " 100 is 3,000. 100 " 50 is 5,000. 200 " 20 is 4,000. 400 " 10 is 4,000. 1000 " 5 is 5,000. 2000 " 2 is 4,000. 4000 " 1 is 4,000. 1751 prizes, 23249 Blanks. 35000 tickets at 6 dollars each, is 210,000. Less than two blanks to a prize—in case to a deduction of 15 per cent. Prizes payable thirty days after the conclusion of the drawing. The first 4200 blanks will be entitled to 3 dollars each. Table with 2 columns: Drawn number, Amount. 10th drawn number 1st. day, whether blank or prize, D. 10,000. 25th " 2,000. 50th " 1,000. 75th " 1,000. 100th " 10,000. 125th " 1,000. 150th " 1,000. 175th " 2,000.
A company of gentlemen in the city of New York having contracted with the managers for the Union tickets, the drawing will commence on the second Tuesday in December next, and will be continued at the rate of 600 tickets per day until completed, excepting the last day when there will remain 600 to be drawn. Tickets in the above lottery will continue to be sold by the managers at the original price of 6 dollars each until the second Tuesday in September next, on which day all that remain unsold will be delivered to the contractors. THOMAS STORM, DANIEL HALL, SOLOMON SOUTHWICK, JOHN H. STOCKES, JOHN L. BRUNE, Managers. August 15—32
PROPOSALS FOR PUBLISHING BY SUBSCRIPTION, PYRROLOIMOGIA; Or, Inquiries into the PESTILENCE CALLED THE YELLOW FEVER. CONTAINING the history of its symptoms and prevalence in different parts of the world; a comparative statement of all controversies respecting its origin, modes of propagation and treatment; with an attempt towards a new theory of the clerical phenomena and galvanic influence arising from terraqueous & petrid exhalations, which explains the causes of pestilential diseases, their remedies and preventatives. By FELIX PASCALIS, M. D. Of New York, Formerly Physician and Member of the Board of Health in the State of Pennsylvania, Honorary Member of the Medical Societies of Philadelphia, and of Connecticut; and Associate to other American and European Literary institutions.
The author has been a medical practitioner in Philadelphia during seven epidemical occurrences of the Yellow Pestilence. To enlarge the sphere of his experimental observations on that interesting subject, he has lately travelled in the south of Spain, and also visited South Carolina, where that disease has by many, been supposed to be endemic. With so many motives to trust to his opinions, the author wishes, notwithstanding to be honored with the support of the learned in the U. States, who have had so many more opportunities than those of Europe to exercise their judgment on a subject highly important to the welfare of this country—a country with which many European nations frequently interdict the intercourse of their subjects, as if it were absolutely the abode of pestilence. Whatever claims the author may imagine he derives from his experience, he will, however, thankfully receive any documents contrary to the theory he proposes. He, therefore, respectfully solicits communications tending either to establish or to invalidate the truth of an Electrical and Galvanic influence, &c. as a cause of pestilential diseases. Such interesting papers on these subjects as he shall be favored with previously to the first of November next (post paid) will be gratefully acknowledged and duly noticed, unless otherwise requested.
CONDITIONS: This work shall be printed in a handsome style on fine wove paper and new type, as soon as a sufficient number of subscribers shall be obtained to defray the necessary expenses. It will be comprised in two volumes octavo, each volume containing more than 300 pages; to be delivered to subscribers in boards at Five Dollars the set, or handsomely bound and lettered at six Dollars. Subscriptions received at the Courier-office No. 1. Broad Street. Charleston, Aug. 15—2

ELIAS B. CALDWELL, ATTORNEY AT LAW, HAS removed his Office, to the house lately occupied by Mr. LAW, on Capitol Hill. Washington. July 26—tf
APPRENTICES WANTED. WANTED two or three boys from the age of 13 to 15 years, as apprentices to the Printing, and one boy as an apprentice to the Binding business, whose dispositions are good and who have received tolerable English education. Apply at Duane's book-store Pennsylvania avenue. August 8—3t
50 DOLLARS REWARD. STOLEN out of the subscriber's pasture in Loudoun county in the night of the 26th June, a bright BAY MARE with a bald face, the left hind foot white, the right hip a little lower than the other, a mark like a sun down the hoof of the right hind foot, and it is different in shape from the other; about 15 hands and 1-2 high, three years old last spring, a natural trotter, had on when she was taken three shoes. Whoever will apprehend the thief and secure the mare to that the owner may get her again and the felon brought to conviction, shall have the above reward or for the mare only twenty-five dollars and all reasonable charges. WILLIAM NICHOLS. London county, Vir. July 11—3m
PROPOSALS, FOR PUBLISHING BY SUBSCRIPTION, THE WORKS OF DR. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, PHILOSOPHICAL, POLITICAL, AND LITERARY. Hominum rerumque repertor. THE publication of the writings of Dr. Franklin in a complete edition, was long contemplated by the late BENJ. FRANKLIN BACHE, his grandson, who transferred the copy which was devised to Mr. W. Temple Franklin, for the purpose. It was originally designed that the corrected edition should appear in three languages, and in England, Germany, France and America, at the same time. This design was frustrated by the device (W. Temple Franklin) who, it is now believed, sacrificed the work and the honorable trust reposed in him, for money, to the mortal hatred of the English ministry against the deceased sage. As soon as this fact was known, the present editor of the Aurora turned his attention to the collection of every paper and circumstance which could tend to preserve and do honor to the memory of a man to whom America is so much indebted; and who, as he was the first that from his genius and talents reflected back lustre on his native country, must continue to be ranked to the latest posterity, among its greatest benefactors and ornaments. This edition will be published from the copies revised and corrected by Dr. Franklin, the corrections of which are in the hand writing of the author, and may be seen by any gentleman in the possession of the editor of the Aurora. Early admiration of Dr. Franklin; educated in veneration and reverence of his character—combined with other incidental circumstances not necessary to be pointed out, have concurred to favor the collection by the present editor, of the best materials that could be obtained after the sacrifice of the work by the devisee. With some industry, and with some expense he has possessed himself, not only of the copy with the corrections and additions in Dr. Franklin's hand writing; but also of several articles which have never appeared in any former collection, and of several which have never appeared in print. Proposals would have appeared long since in this city, had not an advertisement of an intended edition, being published in the English prints; the present editor thought it might be well possible that the edition advertised, was that which Mr. Temple Franklin was entrusted with; but it now appears that the English edition is only a republication of the former completion with some small additions; but still very deficient, on a comparison with the corrected papers in the hands of the editor. The whole will now be carefully collated, and the work executed in a style worthy of the great patriarch of American liberty and apostle of the American press. The additional papers will form at least a volume, perhaps more—the authentic papers already printed, form three—and it is intended to begin with the second volume, which will be put to press immediately; and to publish the Biography last, so that such additional particulars as may throw any useful light on the life of this great man, may be engraved on his memoirs; to obtain which, and other important materials, the editor will spare neither pains nor expense. Gentlemen who may be possessed of authentic or original papers, or correspondence of Dr. F. or who can give information where any are to be found, will render public service by communicating them to the editor. CONDITIONS, The work shall be elegantly printed, on a new small pica type and pale vellum paper in large octavo. The work will be ornamented with numerous engravings, a vignette to each volume—a whole length portrait from the best likeness allowed to be in existence, now in the possession of the editor. The price of each volume will be 2 dollars 50 cents, payable on delivery only. Subscriptions will be received at the book-store of Wm. Duane, No 106, Market Street, Philadelphia, and in Pennsylvania avenue, Washington city; and by other booksellers and private gentlemen, whose names will be noticed in the several states of the union, in due time. August 8—
FOR SALE, I will sell two Tracts of LAND lying and being in Allegany county in the state of Maryland; one called and known by the name of "Harvey's Meadows" patented 31st December 1805, for 341 acres, near Shellys or Kellys Little Meadows; the other "Mount Parnassus," patented 31st December 1805, for 293 acres; this tract lies on a branch of Savage river about five miles below the Little Meadows. I have never seen these lands, consequently know nothing of their value. Mr. Thomas Beall of Cumberland who is well acquainted with the above land informed me they were as valuable as any in that part of Maryland. Daniel Clark and Robert Cowden Stone, esqrs. also informed me that from their acquaintance with the situation of the aforesaid tracts of Land they must be of an excellent quality. Any person inclined to purchase, it is presumed will view before he contracts. A great bargain may be had for cash, or good paper on a short credit—a good and indisputable title will be given when the land is paid for. For terms apply to the subscriber in Upper Marlinton, Prince Georges county. SAMUEL J. COOLIDGE. June 23—8w
On a liberal credit. THE subscriber will dispose of at private sale, his estate called Chichester, lying on the eastern branch, immediately opposite the city of Washington. This tract of land containing 697 acres is laid off in lots from 83 to 144 acres for the convenience of purchasers. Plans of the estate and the terms of sale are in the hands of colonel Hinton at the navy yard, and Charles Wayman of George Town. The lots will be shown by Mr. Wedden, living on the premises, near the Eastern Branch bridge. ANTHONY ADDISON. Barnaby, 13th June 1805—tf
STELLE'S HOTEL & CITY TAVERN. THE Subscriber takes this method of thanking his friends and the public for their favors whilst on the Capitol Square and begs leave to acquaint them that he has taken the Spacious Hotel lately erected by Mr. Carroll, near the Capitol. The hotel being above one hundred feet in front, and containing fifty rooms enables the subscriber to offer every accommodation to members of Congress and travellers which can be expected in a public house. PONTIUS D. STELLE. Washington City, March 25—tf N. B.—P. D. S. will rent the house lately occupied by him on the adjoining square.
DANIEL RAPINE BOOKSELLER & STATIONER, ON CAPITOL HILL, HAS Just received from PHILADELPHIA, and now opening, a choice collection of BOOKS & STATIONARY, and as he has been at great pains to make the selection, he flatters himself that it is the most complete assortment that has ever been offered for sale in the District of Columbia. His Law, Miscellaneous and Poetical collection, is as complete as any one bookseller's on the continent. He has also opened an excellent assortment of PAPER HANGINGS; and the most useful kinds of MEDICINES, such as Peruvian Bark, Castor Oil, British Oil, Glauber Salts, Liquorice Ball, &c. &c. all which he offers for sale on reasonable terms. Account and other Books bound in the neatest manner, on short notice, and according to any given pattern. July 25—epfw
AT a meeting of REPUBLICAN DELEGATES from that part of Frederick county, which by law is attached to the 3d Congressional district, held at the house of Mr. David Levy, in Frederick town, on Friday, the 4th of July 1806, the propriety of taking measures to insure success to the Republican Candidate for Congress was reflected upon, Where it was Resolved unanimously, That the conduct of PATRICK MAGRUDER, has been such at the last session of Congress, as to command the respect and confidence of the Republicans of the third Congressional district—Therefore Resolved unanimously, That PATRICK MAGRUDER, be recommended to the republican voters of said district, to be by them supported at the Congressional election in October next. Resolved unanimously, That these resolutions be published in the republican papers of Frederick town, and in the National Intelligencer. A true copy from the minutes of the meeting. Tell JOHN B. COLVIN, Sec. July 18—4w
TWENTY DOLLARS Reward will be given for apprehending and delivering to the subscriber living at Hooe's Ferry, King George county Virginia, a runaway lad named JACK, he is between 18 and 20 years of age, low well made & very black, his back is much marked with the whip, and since becoming my property was put to the carpenter's trade, when he gave himself a wound with an awl on one of his heels, I think his right, which occasions him to use that leg a little stiff—he was seen in Vespasian, Charles county Maryland, and I suppose will get as far as possible in that state. Should he be committed to jail, the jailer will please inform me, immediately by post, directing his letter to the post office at King George Court House, or to Henry Suttle at George Town, all masters of vessels and others, are forewarned harbouring or taking him off at their peril. ABRAM B. HOOE. Barnesfield, August 10—epfw&w2t
WM. DUANE, PRINTER, BOOKSELLER AND STATIONER, PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE, HAS JUST RECEIVED PER CAPTAIN ELLWOOD FROM PHILADELPHIA. A VERY large and general assortment of Books, among which are many of the latest publications, viz. Modern Philosopher, or Terrible Transformation, Fessenden's Poems, life of Moreau, Camoon's poems, Scott's Minstrel, Hoyle's Games, Trial of the journeyman Boot and Shoemakers, Considerations on the Choice of Public Rulers, &c. Mirabeau's Secret History of the Court of Berlin, School Geography, Pinkerton's, Goldsmith's Turner's and Workman's, spelling books of forts. English, Latin and French Dictionaries, ditto Grammars, Philadelphia Songster, Modern do. and many other choice and valuable books. ALSO, an elegant and large assortment of Childrens books, ornamented with numerous beautiful cuts. August 11—3t
JUST RECEIVED FROM BLAKE'S MUSICAL RESPOSITORY, PHILADELPHIA AND FOR SALE AT WM. DUANE'S BOOK STORE, PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE. A VERY handsome assortment of Music, which will be sold at Philadelphia prices. Any quantity can be supplied. Also, just received a few copies of the Delinquent, a late play of F. REYNOLDS, Indian Ink, Breast Glass, Spectacles, Plans of the City of Washington, Barrington's life and trial. Wm. D. has on board of Ellwood, a large assortment of books, &c. which will be disposed of on reasonable terms. July 30—3tep.
FOR SALE, AT Bath (Berkeley Springs) Virginia, a HOUSE & LOT thereto belonging (late the property of Thomas Palmer, deceased.) The premises are calculated for a general family, or would make an excellent Boarding house, having thereon a smoke house, coach house and stables, with a garden laid out with much taste and inclosed with a good board fence. Also near the town, are for sale, SEVEN acres of LAND, inclosed with a stone wall. The whole will be sold very low, or exchanged for property in or near any of the large towns or cities. Apply to John Davidson, Washington city, or to Wm. Alexander, esq. Bath, aforesaid. Note—If not sold, it will be let for the season. April 16—tf
THE SUBSCRIBER HAS just supplied his shop in F street with a complete assortment of fresh Medicines & Drugs, among which are Spermacei & Linseed oils—also Paints of every description. THOMAS PATTERSON. Washington city, June 23—tf
TO RENT, THE COMMODOIOUS BRICK STORE near the CAPITOL, now in the occupation of Messrs. P. HEALY & Co. Possession to be given on the 1st of May. Enquire of Frederick May. March 28—tf
CHARLES H. VARDEN, Merchant Taylor New Jersey Avenue, near the Capitol. RESPPECTFULLY informs the gentlemen of the district of Columbia, that he has received by late arrivals at Philadelphia from London, a fresh supply of the best superfine cloths, cassimeres, &c. with a choice assortment of plain nankineen, cotton cassimeres, india nankineen, blue and yellow, fashionable Trafalgar white and fancy Merceilles, with a variety of other articles suitable for the summer. N. B. Ladies habits, regimentals and navy uniforms made in the first stile of fashion. Richard Harwell's new invented patent elastic suspenders, which are far superior to any heretofore in use, can be had on the same terms as at his manufactory. June 23—tf
TO RENT. THE STORE & DWELLING HOUSE now occupied Dr. Patterson, next door to James Madison's, esq. Possession given the first day of April next—I will also rent the Wharf formerly belonging to Mr. Lewis Delois on the Eastern Branch, one square above the Navy Yard. Its situation for a Lumber, Coal, and Wood yard, is equal to any in the city of Washington—for terms apply to John Hewitt, esq. or to the subscriber near the Navy Yard. NICHOLAS VOSS. City of Washington, March 14—2awtf
THIRTY DOLLARS REWARD. FOR apprehending and securing in any gaol negro WAT, but calls himself HARRY DAY, who broke the jail of this county on Saturday night last and ran off. He is the property of Benjamin B. Beall of Prince George's county, and has been living at Montgomery court house nearly four years and has passed as a free man. He is about twenty-five years of age, right black, about five feet ten inches high, has small crooked legs, a large scar on one of his indles which occasions his foot to turn out, has a flow speech, shows his teeth when spoken to, and cannot reply quick when spoken to. The above reward will be paid by the owner, or the subscriber on getting the above negro. Benjamin Ray, jun. Sheriff of Montgomery county. August 8—3t
Treasury Department of the United States, June 21, 1806. WHEREAS the commissioners of the Sinking fund, at a meeting held on the 28th day of April, 1806, did resolve, that the sum remaining to complete the expenditure of the annual appropriation of eight millions of dollars, should among other purposes be applied to the reimbursement of the navy six per cent. stock, created in pursuance of an act of Congress passed on the 30th day June, 1798 and to the reimbursement of the five and half per cent. stock, created in pursuance of an act of Congress, passed on the 3rd day of March, 1795. This is therefore to give notice, that the principal of the said navy six per cent. stock, with the interest due thereon, will on surrender of the certificates, be paid on the 18th day of October next ensuing the date hereof, to the respective stockholders or their lawful representatives or attorneys duly constituted and authorized, either at the Treasury, or at the Loan office, as the case may be, where credits have been given for the amount of stock, respectively held by them: and that the principal of the five and half per cent. stock, with the interest due thereon, will in like manner, and at the same place, be paid on the 18th day of January, 1807, to the respective stockholders, or their lawful representatives or attorneys duly constituted and authorized. It is further made known, for the information of the parties concerned, that no transfers of the navy six per cent. stock, either from or to the books of the treasury, or from or to the books of a Commissioner of Loans, will be allowed after the 18th day of September ensuing, nor of the five and half per cent. stock, after the 18th day of December ensuing. And the interest on all certificates of said stocks, which shall not have been surrendered, in pursuance of this notification, will cease and determine, on the day preceding the day hereby fixed for the reimbursement thereof. ALBERT GALLATIN, Secretary of the Treasury. June 23—tf.
20 DOLLARS REWARD. RUNAWAY from the Subscriber living near Bryantown, Charles county, Maryland, a likely yellowish complexioned negro lad named RAFE about 20 years of age, and about 5 feet 7 or 8 inches high—he has a scar under one of his eyes and a long under lip, also a large cut on the top of one of his feet. Rafe is not very stout made. He had on and took with him a black broad cloth coat, country cotton over jacket striped with yellow and blue, striped fowlandown under jacket, a pair of blue striped country cotton pantaloons, and yellow striped, country cotton trowers yellow and blue, two silk handkerchiefs, one Irish linen shirt, country cotton shirt and trowers and a white country cloth over jacket double wave, and a black wool hat. It is supposed that he will change his name and endeavor to pass for a free man. Whoever secures the said negro in any jail so that I get him again will be entitled to the above reward, and all reasonable charges paid if brought home, by BENEDICT BOARMAN. June 30—w1t
A NEW STORE OF FRESH AND GENUINE DRUGS, CHEMICALS, &c. FOR CASH. W. BLANCHARD, Chemist and Druggist respectfully informs the public, that he has just opened his store, situated on First and High Street continued, being one of Mr. Thomas Corcoran's new houses, & hath laid in a large stock of Drugs and Medicines from the first houses in London, and was himself present at the putting up of the most desirous and valuable articles, which he selected from several houses with whom he has had former dealings, & personal acquaintance for 10 years past, therefore can better depend on the present as well as the future quality of his drugs. Besides he makes many of the chemical compounds himself and purchased for ready money, therefore is enabled to sell at such prices as cannot fail to meet the approbation of all buyers, whether wholesale or retail. N. B. Physicians prescriptions faithfully compounded with the utmost care and diligence. Genuine approved patent and quack medicines bought of their real proprietors. The best and safest horse medicines. Perfumery. Surgeons instruments, and all articles that form a complete Drug Store, too numerous for insertion. Anniseed, peppermint, cinnamon, and other cordials by the bottle and gallon—also, Stoughton's Aromatic Bitters in the like quantities. George Town, July 9—1m.
INFORMATION WANTED. MR. RENDERTS (christian name not remembered) who left Holland it is believed about the year 1787 for the West Indies, and who it is understood has since left there for the United States of America, and if yet living, is supposed to be a resident of this country, will, by directing a line to Mrs. ANNA MOORE, Washington city, receive through her, information of his daughter, who with her mother, (long since dead) remained in Dockum, West Friesland, when her father Mr. R. failed from Amsterdam. Printers of newspapers friendly to the cause of humanity will render an essential service by the giving the above a few insertions in their respective papers. August 12—3t
WASHINGTON ACADEMY WEST. August 10, 1806. VACATION commenced at this School on Wednesday the 7th inst. and will cease on Wednesday the 23th of this month. The terms for instruction, in Writing, Arithmetic, Mathematic, English, Latin, & French are Five dollars per quarter. Those gentlemen who are in arrears, for the tuition of their children and wards, are most earnestly requested to make good their payments. RICHARD WHITE, Principal. August 11—w3t
CHASE'S TRIAL. This day is Published By SAMUEL H. SMITH. TRIAL OF SAMUEL CHASE, AN ASSOCIATE JUSTICE of the Supreme Court of the United States, IMPEACHED By the House of Representatives, for HIGH CRIMES AND MISDEMEANORS, before the Senate of the United States. Taken in short hand, By SAMUEL H. SMITH & THOMAS LLOYD. In Two large Octavo Volumes—in Boards, price—10 subscribers four dollars and a half—and to non-subscribers five dollars. A much greater delay has been incurred in the publication of this trial than the Editor contemplated. He has, however, the satisfaction of saying that no effort has been omitted by him to give it to the public at an earlier period. The delay has arisen from the revision of the speeches of the Managers and Counsel. The publication might long since have been made in a less perfect dress; but it was deemed highly desirable that in a case, which, independently of its own importance, might be a precedent in future times, to sacrifice time rather than precision. The work now appears before the public, with the examination of the editor that it will be considered as meriting the character of an impartial, comprehensive and faithful statement of facts. All the speeches have been revised, and inserted at length, in connection with whatever else formed a part of the trial. Editors of other prints will confer a benefit by inserting this advertisement a few times in their papers.
LANDS IN VIRGINIA, For Sale. THE Subscriber being desirous to purchase Lands in the state of OHIO, offers for sale the following valuable tracts, to wit: One tract containing 336 acres in the county of Harrison, about 4 miles from Clarkburg, and lying on the post road from the city of Washington to that place. Also 238 acres in Campbell county, 15 miles from Lynchburg, and 7 miles from James river. The quality of the above lands is not surpassed by any in the state of Virginia, for fertility of soil, and in point of situation is inferior to none in that state. The terms made easy to the purchaser—and possession given on the first January, 1807—For further particulars apply to JOHN PLUMMER, City of Washington. August 8—w3t.
Twenty Dollars Reward. WILL be given for apprehending and securing in jail a young Mulatto man named ANDREW. He was hired by me last year to Mr. Joseph Thomas who keeps the road house to Alexandria, and absconded from that place about the latter end of August last. He is about 23 years of age, 5 feet 8 or 9 inches high, lusty and well made, has short curly hair, and is frequently subject to have several large pimples on his face. He is reckoned to be a sensible fellow of an easy agreeable address for a man in his low sphere of life. As he has not been heard of by me since his elopement, I suspect he has had the address to ship himself as a freeman on board some vessel either at Alexandria or Baltimore. Whoever takes him up and secures him in jail shall receive from me the above reward, or as soon due information thereof is given to me or to Dr. N. P. Causin at Port Tobacco. G. B. CAUSIN. Maryland Charles County, January 20—wtf
TEN DOLLARS REWARD. Ranaway from Pettworth, the farm of John Taylor, esq. near Washington city on Thursday the 14th ult. a negro boy by the name of BILL, about 19 years of age, of a yellow cast, of middling stature and well made; his clothing in old fur hat, and old brown broadcloth coat and coarse brown linen shirt and trowers, his countenance naturally good, but will show guile immediately on being questioned—whoever will take up said boy and deliver him to C. Bailey at the place he went from or to the subscriber at Neabico Burner near Dumfries Virginia shall receive the above reward beside what the law allows. THOMAS T. PAGE, agent for John Taylor, esq. at Neabico. July 9—4t&wtf
Calvert County Court, May term, 1806. WHEREAS upon the application of William Spencer and wife two of the representatives of a certain John McDowell deceased, certain commissioners were appointed to ascertain whether the estate of the said John McDowell would admit of division agreeably to the act of Assembly, entitled, "An act to direct descents," which said commissioners have made a return to Calvert county court; and whereas it has been stated that some of the representatives of the said John McDowell deceased, to wit; Ann Blackburn, James Ellis, and Dolly his wife, and Alice Blackburn live out of the state of Maryland; it is thereupon adjudged and ordered, that notice be given by publication of this order in the Maryland Gazette and National Intelligencer at least three weeks successively before the last day of August next to the said absent representatives to appear in Calvert county court on the second Monday of October next, to show cause if any they have why the return of the said commissioners should not be ratified. Signed by order of the court, WM. S. MORSELL, Clk. August 13—w3t