The national intelligencer and Washington advertiser. (Washington City [D.C.]), 1805-01-23 00:00:00

NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER, AND WASHINGTON ADVERTISER.
Vol. V. WASHINGTON CITY, PRINTED BY SAMUEL HARRISON SMITH, PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE.
NO. DCLXX.
FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM.
WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 23rd, 1805.
PAID IN ADVANCE.
WASHINGTON CITY.
WE are indebted for the following interesting information on a subject of the first importance, to Mr. Main, an English gentleman who resides in the neighborhood of the city, and who has paid an assiduous and intelligent attention among other objects, to the planting of thorn hedges.
To a nation whose habits are agricultural, and whose peace and prosperity eminently depend on the improved cultivation of the soil, no arguments would seem necessary in favor of a mode of fencing, which is used in other countries, and which cannot fail of success in this country under a proper management. Viewed in the aspect of national economy, it is easy to show that the substitution of thorn hedges in the place of the expensive materials at present used, would effect an annual saving of at least from five to ten millions of dollars. We offer this single circumstance in lieu of an apology for occupying our columns, at this time, with other than political matter. We shall hereafter, at a more convenient season, call the attention of our readers, and through them, we should hope, that of the nation to this interesting topic. In the mean time, we will only add that Mr. Main holds himself ready to supply at moderate prices, any demands for thorns.
FOR THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER.
PLAIN HEDGING
Comprised in a brief description of the method of planting and cultivating hedges by the assistance of the plough. Accompanied with remarks.
The season for planting thorn hedges is any time betwixt the fall of the leaf and the opening of the bud, when the weather is mild and the soil in a fit condition to work; and when an extensive line of hedging is contemplated, the work ought to be commenced as soon as circumstances will allow. In a dry soil the fall is the best time, and if the ground is naturally moist, the spring will be most suitable. The course of the intended hedge having been deep and well ploughed, the soil rendered loose and cleared of clods, stones, roots, &c. and with an even surface, that is, it requires little other preparation than what is bestowed for wheat, rye or other small grain. A stripe or ridge of about ten or twelve feet wide will be sufficient ground for the hedge course. In the center of this the hedge is planted in a trench or furrow, formed by the plough, and made sufficiently deep by passing it to and fro several times in the same.
The planting is performed in the following manner—As many laborers as are employed, place themselves about equally distant from each other along the trench, and by the help of a garden line set the plants upright at the proper distance, with their roots spread upon the bottom of the trench—as each plant is set it is held by the left hand and just so much mould placed upon its roots by the right as will keep it in its place, until the whole length of the garden line is set, which is then moved forwards, for some of the workmen to continue the setting whilst others are filling up that portion of the trench which is already put in levelling the surface and treading the soil firm along side, and between each of the plants. The distance at which the plants ought to be set depends upon the quality of the soil—in a poor soil, not nearer than four inches, nor wider than six in the best: but concerning this there are several opinions. In this method each workman will be able in the course of a day to put in, and finish the planting of from five hundred to one thousand plants: and in a free mellow soil, clear of stones, roots and gravel, and a mild day in March, they may each put in a greater number. In such a favorable soil, and level situation the filling may be performed by the plough.
When the earth is dry at the time of planting, and the weather clear and breezy, it will be necessary to have a tub of water at hand in which the roots of each parcel of plants are to be dipped immediately before they are let. The bulk of the plants ought to be previously trenched in the earth near by; so that they may be ready at hand to be taken up in parcels, as they are wanted. The temporary fence ought to be set about five or six feet from the hedge; if so much room can be obtained: and indeed where more can conveniently be allowed it may be placed at seven or eight feet distant. The ultimate stripe on each side of the hedge is to be stirred by the plough and cleaned from weeds as often through the course of the summer as appears to be needful. This operation which is as simple as ploughing a row of Indian corn needs no further description. The hand hoe, and the hand fork, is necessarily used to draw out such weeds as fix themselves near
and betwixt the stems of the plants: but if the hedge is duly attended, there will be little occasion for hand-weeding. In a clean and loose soil this work may be done by a horse-hoe, or by what is called in this part of the country a horse-harrow; by which several miles of hedging may be stirred and weeded in the course of a day. During the first season the hedge will not make much progress, except the soil is very good and well prepared.
After the fall of the leaf in open weather, the young hedge is to be trimmed and reduced to an equal height, in order to check the strong and give the weaker plants opportunity to rise; this operation is essentially necessary to the prosperity of the hedge, and cannot with propriety be omitted for the first four years every fall, or in the spring, before the bud is unfolded: but never in the time of severe frost. It requires but little time when the hedge is young and is expeditiously done with a pair of hedge shears. Another article of equal importance is the supply of such plants as are accidentally destroyed. At the end of the first year the hedge must be carefully examined, and wherever any plant is wanting it must be replaced from a reserve kept in a nursery for the purpose; two or three plants for every hundred in the hedge will generally be found sufficient. At the end of the second year, or during the torpid season the same care must be exerted, and if neglected then, it will seldom succeed afterwards.
The weeding and stirring the soil are to be continued for four or five years, and the trimming, after that period, may or may not be continued, according as the owner of the hedge may incline or according to his intention towards it, as an ornamental, or merely as an useful appendage to his premises.
If these directions are duly attended to, and if the soil and seasons are but tolerably favorable, the hedge at the end of four or five years will be stout enough to resist the impressions of horses and black cattle; and were it not on account of hogs being allowed to go at large, it would be very easy to fence with thorn hedges against the rest of our domestic flock. However, as this mischievous, though much esteemed part of our rural retinue, must always be calculated upon in any of our schemes of fencing; we must either render our hedges impervious to them, or such fences will be good for very little. To effect this as soon as we can will be very desirable. The quickest way that I am acquainted with, is to have it done by the hedge itself; without any auxiliary aid from other materials, is to have the hedge well ploughed in the spring of the year; that is, when the plants have generally attained the size of a person's thumb, and just before the bud opens, let all the plants be cut off within two or three inches of the ground. In the course of the growing season, the shoots from their stumps will rise many of them to the height of five or six feet, appearing at the bottom numerous, close, and full of thorns—at the fall of the leaf cut the tops off evenly to within two or three feet only of the ground. Continue the culture for three years and equalise the hedge every fall; letting it rise higher and higher every time, so as to attain at that period an altitude agreeable to the inclination of its owner. Thus in five years from the time it was planted the hedge will not only be secure against horses, cows, &c. but also prove impervious to pigs and almost the youngest fry of our domestic poultry. It may be asked here, why not plant the hedge close enough at first, and then the heading would be unnecessary and a year or two's growth saved? But experience informs that this advice if followed would not answer the purpose near so effectually as the method described.
Another mode of quickly closing a hedge, is to drive in a stake of square soft timber, betwixt each of the young plants; the stakes being about three feet long, sharpened at one end, inserted while the hedge is two or at most three years old, and while the plants are sufficiently flexible to be drawn aside or bent over, while the stakes are driven in. This method though much inferior and far more expensive than the first, is useful where the temporary fence is decayed or almost useless, so that the hedge is when thus closed up a sufficient fence of itself. It only requires about one thousand pieces of the size of a stout rail of nine feet in length, each of which sawed into three, and these quartered, will afford stuff sufficient for closing one mile of hedging against all the branches of the bulky family.
It is probable that the ditching mode of hedging was originally invented from
the necessity of having a temporary defence of some sort or other included in the scheme; and in a country where the price of labour is cheaper than the price of timber, with a climate moist, mild, and temperate, and soil not liable to be spued up by the frost, nor washed away by torrent rains, where also every person is obliged by law to take care of his own cattle only, ditching is not only allowable but advantageous: Nevertheless, in this country where something like the reverse of all these circumstances is the case, ditching is not only injurious to the scheme but is altogether unnecessary.
There are but few places in America, as yet, where materials of some sort of wood or other cannot be found to form the temporary fence; and where such cannot be had, and there is a necessity for a ditch, if the hedge is planted on the plain cultivated surface inside of it where it can be cultivated by the plough, it will answer much better than having the plants put in the face of the bank; and projecting in that unnatural position, over the ditch. However, two ditches cut across a marshy bottom, and a hedge planted on the artificial elevation, of sufficient breadth betwixt them, will sometimes be requisite to carry a line of hedging over a swamp.
Perhaps the reason that quickset hedges have been hitherto so little regarded in the United States, is in some degree to be attributed, to the little success that has commonly ensued from the few trials that have been made upon the scheme.
This ill success, I am apprehensive, has generally accrued from their being planted in the ditching method; where from the want of weeding & the position of the plants exposing them to be undermined by the frosts & heavy showers of rain, the edges fall into gaps, and in place of an elegant, compact and even fence appearing like a verdant walk around the field, it is seen in detached fragments only an incumbrance of the ground—or perhaps left by an highway side as a standing memento to every observant passenger, to deter him from ever attempting such an useless, graceless, and preposterous scheme of fencing.
Much yet remains to be said upon the subject: I shall, however conclude for this time, by inviting those landholders who reside in parts of the country where wood is beginning to be scarce, to turn their attention to the culture of quickset hedges: and if they take the opportunity while their old fences will still last a few years, and have their young hedges protected thereby; it may save many worthy field from being left without a fence, and many a farm being deserted.
THOMAS MAIN.
December 11, 1804.
FOR THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER.
CONGRESS has again voted a large sum of money (130,000 Dollars) to proceed with the Capitol, and has made appropriations for marine barracks, &c. In short their determination to continue this City as the permanent seat of government has been evinced on every occasion. A proposition is now before the House of Representatives for erecting a bridge over the Potomac, I shall therefore endeavor candidly to investigate all the arguments against it and in favor of it.
The first objection which will be urged is the unconstitutionality of the measure.—If the proposed bridge could create any obstruction injurious to Maryland or Virginia in the remotest degree, a question might arise, but nature having created rocks across the river, above George Town, the district of Columbia can alone be affected, and Virginia and Maryland can no more suffer injury than Georgia or the province of Maine. When the district was ceded, both sides of the river were included to preclude all possible interference of any state. To my mind there is but one question, that of expediency, which embraces also the interests of all—George Town has already remonstrated against it, alleging that it will impede the navigation to her port; The quantity of vessels now repairing or likely to repair to it, may be easily calculated, and the slight impediment created by the necessity of going through a draw bridge may be easily estimated, where the channel is so narrow. It must however be admitted, that George Town will in some degree suffer by diverting the road and making that straight which is now so elbowing, and which obliges every traveller to pass through it—on the other hand let us consider what the other parts of the district would obtain.
First. Alexandria would save five or six miles of very bad road in repairing
to Congress or to the Bank of the United States (which in six years more will be removed here) or to the City generally, and thus also vice versa, most of the Citizens of Washington.
Secondly. Provisions, Hay, &c. could be brought with facility and expedition from Virginia.
Thirdly. Every traveller would benefit from the Atlantic States who go by land through this City. It would save one Stage or change of horses to the mail, it would expedite public communication, and prevent a great loss of time, and a great deal of suffering, to thousands annually.—The road from George Town to Alexandria is at this time almost impassable, and will not be made Turnpike, as the direct communication by a bridge is expected sooner or later to pass; the poor foot traveller is obliged therefore to wade through five miles of mud and mire, and toil over hills all of which might be totally avoided by a bridge.—It is impossible accurately to estimate the great saving of expense and time, and suffering which this bridge would create, and in this point of view, the benefits are so obvious that justice to the district generally, and to the public at large, loudly and forcibly pleads in favor of it.
Will not the plenty of provisions, &c. be increased and their price decreased by additional competition? Will not intercourse be promoted by this facility? Will George Town be deprived of one fair advantage? Suppose for a moment that there should be a very few minutes delay to every ship going there, what does it amount to? Bladensburg might with almost equal propriety have complained of the bridge erected over the Eastern branch, as their small vessels must go through the draw.
The leading principle of a republican or just government is to consult the interests of the majority, and in this case not only the permanent inhabitants of this City and Alexandria would be benefited, but all the neighborhood, and all the strangers resorting to both places, but also the numbers who are daily compelled by business to travel from North to South.
If draw bridges were novelties, our imaginations might be alarmed by apprehended obstructions, but in Europe and America they exist without experiencing evils, they accommodate all travelling by land and water. Cambridge in Massachusetts is made a port of entry, although there are two draw bridges intervening, but it were useless to produce instances where they are so much abound. The question is almost reduced to this. Whether straight roads and draw bridges shall be exploded.
Congressional Register.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 9.
Debate on receding the District of Columbia.
[Continued.]
Mr. LUGAS. After having heard the question under consideration so extensively and ably discussed, I rise with the greatest diffidence, indeed I do rise not so much in hope to throw light as to justify the vote which I intend to give.
That I may preserve perspicuity, I shall investigate the following points in their proper order.
Hath Congress the constitutional power to cede to the states of Maryland and Virginia, part of the district of Columbia? Hath Congress the power to cede it without the consent of the inhabitants of the parts intended to be ceded? Is it expedient to make that cession, both with respect to the United States and with respect to the inhabitants of the parts intended to be ceded?
The power vested in Congress by the constitution to accept a district not exceeding ten miles square, to become the seat of government, is a power which appears to stand on a perfect level with all the other powers enumerated in the eighth section of the first article; it is as optional to Congress to accept or not accept a district not exceeding ten miles, as to lay or not lay duties, imposts and excises. There was a seat of government before the district of Columbia was in existence, and there may be a seat of government after the district of Columbia may have ceased to exist. If it be urged that in as much as there is not in the constitution an express delegation of powers to cede the district, Congress cannot cede it, I shall retort, that as there is no express power delegated by the constitution to repeal laws laying impôt or excise, Congress cannot repeal
such laws. This argument proves too much to prove any thing. My apprehension of the power of Congress is, that whatever it hath the power to do, it hath the virtual power to undo; indeed without that power Congress could not change its operations with circumstances, nor improve the system of legislation.
The next question is this—hath Congress the power to cede a part of the district of Columbia without the consent of the inhabitants of that part? This point leads to a previous one. Could the legislatures of Virginia and Maryland originally cede to Congress a part of their states not exceeding ten miles square, without the consent of the inhabitants of the parts ceded? I believe that those legislatures had not that power. It ought to be remembered that the inhabitants of the district of Columbia, although they have been represented in the course of the debates as men in a state of degradation, were a part of the people who, in the preamble of the constitution of the United States, did express themselves in the following manner:—"We, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general welfare and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity," &c. The right of being represented in the legislatures of their respective states, and in Congress, was the right of the inhabitants of the district of Columbia at the time they were component parts of the states of Virginia & Maryland. Those blessings of liberty were secured to them and their posterity by their respective state constitutions, and by the federal compact. How then can it be conceived that the legislatures of Virginia and Maryland had the power to give them away, to become subject to the "executive legislation of Congress in all cases whatsoever;"—that is, to be deprived of their elective franchise & right of representation? How can it be conceived that the legislatures of these states, that are the creatures of the constitution, had the power to bereave Americans of the most valuable rights that the constitution of their country guaranty to them? It is the comfort and pride of an American, that no power on earth but his own can deprive him of his constitutional rights; this is a principle self-evident. But it is urged, that the inhabitants of the district of Columbia, notwithstanding this, are actually subject to Congress, without elective franchise. This I grant. But if they are so, it is by their consent, without which the cession could not have been legitimate. Thus it hath been their pleasure to barter their elective franchise for pecuniary advantages, or other considerations arising from being within the bounds of the seat of government. It is evidently a matter of choice on their part, and they have been put in that situation neither by violence or conquest. To those who contend that the legislatures of Maryland and Virginia were of themselves as competent to make the cession to Congress as Congress was competent to accept, I beg leave to observe that yet as by those acts the right of elective franchise of the inhabitants of the parts ceded would have been virtually defeated, this brings me back to my former position, that the cession made by Maryland and Virginia could not be legitimate without the consent of the inhabitants of the part ceded, otherwise the constitution would give power to invade liberties which at the same time the constitution intended to secure. This consent was given by acclamation, even the women and children of the district rejoiced on that occasion. Hence the consent of the inhabitants of the district having been necessary to render the cession legitimate, and that consent having been given, a contract exists between them and Congress; a contract may exist and does generally exist between the governors and the governed, the protection and subjection are reciprocal obligations even in monarchies; the whigs of England contended in 1688, that James the Second had violated the original contract between him and his people, a contract which nobody pretended to be reduced to forms and written, but which nevertheless was binding, and deprived its force from the relations necessarily existing, between the monarch and the subject.
Certainly, Mr. Chairman, the inhabitants of this district are not in a worse situation than subjects are under a monarchy; yet a worse treatment is offered to them by the present resolutions they are to be receded against their consent to Maryland and Virginia. The word

recession heretofore unknown in a contract is introduced in the resolutions, I suppose to soften or to put the affront offered to the people of this district under disguise; by this intended recession they are to be transferred as a bale of goods, and if they can be transferred to Maryland and Virginia, they may be transferred to Vermont and Georgia; for the acts by which they have been severed from Maryland and Virginia are perfect and complete; and what is termed a recession in those resolutions is as completely a transfer as if the district had never been a part of Maryland and Virginia. But a gentleman from Virginia hath told us that by the cession and acceptance Congress is omnipotent over the district; for my part I am at a loss to find the reasons that can justify such an assertion; the constitution gives Congress the power "to exercise exclusive legislation in all cases whatsoever over such district." How can it be said that exclusive legislation and omnipotence are convertible terms?
Under the monarchy of France, before the revolution, the king did exercise exclusive legislation; yet he could not make a transfer of the monarchy. By fundamental laws it was indefeasible in a lineal succession, and not otherwise—Had the dynasty been extinguished, the three states of France would have been the sole authority competent to make the choice of a new dynasty. Thus the people of France, although under the exclusive legislation of their king, were vested by the fundamental laws of the monarchy with an eventual political right. The exercise of a power and the power itself are then obviously two distinct things.
Believing that I have proved that the consent of the inhabitants of the district was necessary to legitimate the cession made by the states of Virginia and Maryland, it being also notorious, that such a consent hath been given, and that an implied consent exists between the inhabitants of the district and the people of the United States, they have a right to the protection of Congress, as Congress hath a right to their obedience. These mutual obligations cannot, in my opinion be defeated, but by mutual consent, or at least, if Congress should find it inconvenient to exercise the power of legislation over the district: the terms of submission on the part of the inhabitants of the district; and also reason and justice require that they should be restored to themselves and not be an object of transfer. The right of a guardian over an orphan is a species of jurisdiction and government; yet a guardian cannot transfer his right to another—If he finds it inconvenient to discharge his duties, he may resign. It is the right of an orphan, if he hath attained the age of discretion to choose his own guardian. The feudalists themselves acknowledge that the rights of patronage of church jurisdiction and other feudal honours are not transferable, unless as dependence of a glebe or manor.—The transfer of jurisdiction intended by the resolutions before the committee is less justifiable than if it had originated in feudal principles; it is neither a dependence nor appurtenance of any place or other object susceptible of transfer.
Among others, two gentlemen from Virginia have told us that the inhabitants of the district of Columbia are in a state of political annihilation—that they possess no right—that they are unconditionally at the discretion of Congress—I am one of those that cannot give my assent to these positions—I believe that they possess political and civil rights, which Congress hath no power to abridge or impair. I believe that Congress and they are mutually bound by moral obligations. The exercise of exclusive legislation over the district by Congress having not been introduced by violence or conquest, cannot be consequently of a despotic kind. It necessarily partakes of the qualities of the power of legislation commonly exercised by a political and civil authority. The power which the constitution authorizes Congress to exercise is defined; it is to exercise exclusive legislation. This exercise is no more, as I have already said, but the use of a power, and by no means the ownership of that power. If the right of ownership is not vested in Congress, it remains in the inhabitants of the district; thus far the people of the district possess a political right; this consequence arises fairly from the premises, and is perfectly congenial with the elements of American polity.
The inhabitants of the district possess also civil rights; for the exercise of the power of legislation vested in Congress is generally qualified by the declaration of rights introduced in the amendment to the constitution: "Congress shall pass no law respecting an establishment of religion," &c. This restriction applies to all laws whatever: a law passed by Congress for the government of this district is not less a law of Congress than a law passed by Congress for the government of the United States.—Hence the people possess civil rights. As to moral rights, no society can exist without them, unless in a momentary act of aggression or revolution. These rights are reciprocal and obligatory upon moral agents, either in a single or corporate capacity.
Mr. Chairman, I must confess, however that the situation of the inhabitants of this district is not such as I should delight to be in. No pecuniary advantages could ever induce me to part with the pleasure of those people to part with theirs, and the constitution of the United States hath authorized them to do so—Taste hath no criterion, "Sua quemque trahit voluptas." The people of this district are in such a situation as had been foreseen and intended by the good and great men who framed the constitution of the United States. To find fault with the situation of the people of this district, in point of principle, is to find fault with the constitution.—Was I so tender for their rights as some gentlemen appear to be—was I conscious that the manner in which they are governed is of a pernicious example to the people of the United States, I should endeavour to apply a radical remedy. I should move an amendment to the resolutions, by including also the city; for in principle the evil remains the same, if the district be continued within the bounds of the city.
I cannot, for my part, carry my philanthropy so far as to enforce upon persons privileges which they do not wish to have. A man who lives in Turkey would not thank us for dragging him into our free country. I do not think I should have relished the liberties of America, if I had been taken from France by force and brought here against my own will. Our choice is a necessary ingredient in our enjoyments; but if the two gentlemen from Virginia feel such tenderness for the rights of others, & are so fond of extending the elective franchise, let their charity begin at home; there they will find a full opportunity to extend and improve the system of representation.
Mr. Chairman, was I an inhabitant of the district of Columbia, having but a small property, I think that I should be very little anxious to better my condition by going to live in Virginia. I know that my political influence would be here merely nominal—I know that whatever my moral worth might be, I could not stand in competition with those who possess that kind of property, which is entitled to representation. I know that my occupation and habits would keep me a stranger among my neighbours, and render my situation uncomfortable, perhaps disgusting.
Had Congress the power to refuse to legislate over the district of Columbia, say, had it the power to cede that district to Maryland and Virginia, would it be expedient to do it? For my part, I avow that I do not see a great utility in the constitutional provision, which authorizes Congress to accept a district. I am one of those who believe that the safety and independence of Congress must rest upon their regard to the true interests of the people of the United States, and the virtue and spirit of that people. I believe that when these things shall be wanting, it is idle to think that the district of Columbia can make up the deficiency. However the sages who framed the constitution thought that a district might be useful, the Congress that did accept the district, and the several Congresses that did let it exist, are authorities of great weight and respectability. I feel averse to undo what a future Congress cannot do again. If we cede to Maryland and Virginia any part of the district of Columbia, is it to be expected, in case another Congress should wish to have those parts restored, that Maryland and Virginia, after having experienced the versatility of the present Congress, would consent to make another cession? It plainly appears to me that, if the resolutions now before the committee be adopted, any future Congress will become virtually disabled from restoring the district to its present extent. This unavoidable consequence adds, in my mind, importance to the question. Those that will sit within these walls next year will have a more recent evidence of the people's confidence than that which we now possess. Would it not be more prudent to leave them the opportunity of exercising their opinion upon these resolutions?
As to the expediency of the contemplated cession, so far as it relates to the inhabitants of the district, I shall not undertake to say any thing. They know much better than I do what suits them, and if it was their interest to be ceded again, we would have seen them offering here their consent, or petitioning for the cession.
Mr. THATCHER was opposed to the motion for a recession, and he had heard only two reasons urged in favor of the measure; that the exercise of exclusive legislation by Congress over the district of Columbia was attended with an undue exertion of the public money, and occupied so much of the time, that the business of the union was interrupted and put to a stand by the interference of the local concerns of this place. This statement he did not believe to be perfectly correct; no doubt some of their time was taken up, but he would leave it to every gentleman to
say, whether if they had even more but less before them than they had, there was not time enough to transact it. The House usually sit from 11 o'clock till three; but it must have been frequently observed, that the adjournment took place much earlier for want of business to employ them. But he was not an advocate for the present mode of conducting the business of the district; it would perhaps be a better way to give them a subordinate government, controllable by Congress—or a committee of Congress might be appointed for the purpose. He did not see that the complaint of too much legislation was well founded, in any thing that had taken place during the present session—If the little labor they had had to perform was too great for them, what must the labor of their predecessors have been, who had passed all the laws in existence for the government of the district, and yet he had never heard any complaint made by them on the ground now taken; they knew that the constitution enjoined upon them the duty of exercising exclusive legislation over the ten miles square, and they performed it with patience.
His mind revolted at the idea of recession. Gentlemen had contended that the powers exercised over the people of Columbia, were derogatory of, and inconsistent with the principles of free government.—Yet what does this motion for recession propose? Why to transfer them and the territory away, in the manner practised in Russia, in the transfer of provinces or manors, transferring the vassals with the soil.—This may be truly called derogatory to the principles of freedom! Nor is this all; you do not transfer them merely without their consent, but in the face of their serious remonstrances against the transfer.
When he considered the doubts which had been suggested as to its being constitutional or not, he declared that such a circumstance would decide him to vote against the measure, and he supposed it would decide the vote of every member, who was not fully and clearly satisfied that Congress possessed under the grants of the constitution the power of recession. But if we have a constitutional right to cede the jurisdiction, we may transfer it to whom we please; but such a measure being merely an act of Congress, could not bind up the hands of a future Congress to assume the power over it at some future day; and if the parts of the district were severally given to the states of Maryland and Virginia, what is to prevent them from giving the whole back whenever Congress might require it. From this view of the case, he did not see that the members in favor of recession were likely to fix it on any durable foundation.
A gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Findley) had contended that unless Congress was restricted by the constitution from receding this territory, Congress possessed the right, as essential to their exclusive legislation. He, for his part, considered the converse of this proposition to be the truth; and gentlemen were bound to show that part of the constitution which gave the power now contended for.—If they cannot show this, their right may be doubted, and under such circumstances the safer mode of proceeding would be to reject the resolutions.
He was further of opinion that the inexpediency of the measure was of itself sufficient to induce the committee to lay it aside. It had been stated, and he knew the facts to be true, that at one time the old Congress had been pent up in the halls in which they were sitting by a party of soldiers, and at another time insulted by an assemblage of the people. Such circumstances as induced those outrages upon the national government may occur again; but if Congress retain the power of exclusive jurisdiction, they may by a prudent caution prevent these effects. The circumstances which he had mentioned, laid the foundation for granting in the constitution the power alluded to, and while the nature of man continued the same as heretofore, he believed it would continue to be a regulation wise and expedient. He could enumerate several cases, such for instance, as a contested Presidential election, in which the danger of sitting in a large city made independent of the control of Congress would be imminent; but he would forbear as it would be as well understood as if expressed. He concluded with expressing his disapprobation of the present resolutions.
Mr. TAGGART. Mr. Chairman, as considerable time has been already spent on the question under consideration, it is not my intention to detain the committee long; but as it is one of very considerable magnitude, and one upon which there seems to be a disposition among members to express their sentiments, and not content themselves with giving barely a silent vote, I crave the indulgence of a few minutes, while I state some difficulties which are in the way of my voting in favour of the resolutions for a recession, unremoved by the discussions which have taken place. Gentlemen who advocate the resolutions now before the committee disavow an intention to do any thing which may
pass the way for the removal of the seat of government from this place, or weaken the confidence of either the citizens of the district, or of the United States at large, in their belief that it will continue to be permanent. I am disposed to give full faith and credit to the sincerity of gentlemen making this declaration; but permit me to observe that the belief that the permanent continuance of our national government at the city of Washington, will not be affected by the recession, can be founded on nothing but conjecture. That it would materially affect the probability of such a permanency and even prove an important inchoate step towards a removal, is also a matter of conjecture, which appears to me to be founded on quite as great a degree of probable evidence as the other, and so long as I retain this apprehension I cannot vote for the resolutions. So long as human nature continues what it is, and has always been, we may naturally expect that three rival places in the situation of Alexandria, Washington and Georgetown, when owing allegiance to, and protected by the immediate jurisdiction of three distinct independent sovereignties, would be much more likely to enter into, and prosecute measures, mutually to cramp and injure the prosperity of each other, than when under the immediate control of the same sovereign authority disposed to do justice and render protection equally and impartially to them all.
Should such a disposition prevail, while they were under distinct sovereignties, the probable consequence would be, either that one would obtain such an ascendancy as to cause the others to sink, or that they would mutually weaken and injure each other. Should Alexandria, for instance, gain such an ascendancy as to cause this city to decline and come to nothing, a removal of the seat of government, though not contemplated at present, might soon become a matter of necessity, and not of choice. Should such a necessity arise, and notwithstanding all the plausible arguments I have heard urged to the contrary, should the proposed recession take place, I cannot view it as an unimportant step towards that event, so many and different and even clashing are the local interests, and such the variety of manners and habits in the United States which are constantly increasing with our extended and still extending population; that the fixing of another seat of government might, and probably would materially affect the union itself. As I hope not only to see the union of the states to continue during my time, but that it may descend unbroken to ages yet unborn, I cannot vote for a measure which has, in my view, a remote, or even a conjectural tendency to affect it.
I find also a constitutional difficulty in the way of the recession, which has not been, to my apprehension, satisfactorily removed, by all the variety and ingenuity of argument and all the laboured discussions I have heard on the subject. I shall not again repeat that clause of the constitution which has been already so often recited and commented upon by gentlemen on both sides of the present question. I only observe that although the members composing a particular Congress are constantly changing, and Congresses, as distinguished into first, second, third, &c. follow each other in succession, yet the constitution contemplates the Congress of the United States as being permanent, or immortal, if the expression may be permitted. When the constitution says that Congress shall have exclusive jurisdiction over the district of territory not exceeding ten miles square, it is not the particular Congress for the time being, but Congress generally, the permanent Congress of the United States which is meant. I see not, therefore, that the present Congress possess the right to recede the territory, so as in any manner of way to affect the right of their successors, or to hinder a future Congress, the next if you please, from re-assuming the jurisdiction the first day of their session. Without granting the correctness of the position, yet admitting for the sake of the argument, the first proceedings of Congress, in accepting the cession of the territory from the legislatures of Virginia and Maryland, and assuming the jurisdiction over the same, to stand on the footing of mere legislative acts, repealable at any time, at the pleasure of the legislature, and that they did not partake of the nature of a constitutional provision, or an irrepealable contract, even this would not in the present instance remove the difficulty from my mind. The constitution vests Congress with the power of establishing a uniform system of bankruptcy throughout the United States. I single out this instance in particular, because I have already heard frequent allusions made to it in the course of the debate, and because certain recent transactions must render that subject familiar to the minds of almost every member of the committee.—Agreeably to this provision some years ago a bankrupt law was enacted. Congress at their last session, saw fit to repeal that law, and I believe it was done with great propriety. But will any person assert that Congress possessed a constitutional power to pass a law, affecting
the proceedings & decisions which had already taken place, and been carried into effect under the law which they had been fit to repeal, or to reflect a future Congress from either re-enacting, at pleasure, the same law, or framing another statute to the same effect? I believe this will not be asserted. But by the resolutions on the table, it is contemplated to alienate from every succeeding Congress, that right of jurisdiction vested in Congress by the constitution of the United States; an act which cannot but materially affect the proceedings which have taken place during the continuance of the session. It appears to me therefore difficult for the warmest advocate for the resolutions to prove that Congress possess any constitutional power to make such a permanent recession of this territory, as can in any way affect or impair the right of the next, or of any future Congress to re-assume the jurisdiction, whenever it shall be thought proper. I believe there are several powers vested in Congress by the constitution of the United States, which have never yet been carried into effect, and probably may not for many years to come, if ever. But will any member of this committee assert that the present, or any particular Congress, has a right to pass a law, declaring that these provisions of the constitution shall not be carried into effect in future? I believe it will not be presumed that Congress possesses any such power.
Much has also been said about the expediency and necessity of the proposed recession, and a variety of arguments have been urged which, if they prove anything, it is only that the resolutions are inadequate to the contemplated object. This expediency or necessity, is grounded principally on two points, viz. In order to restore them to their natural and political rights, and to save Congress the trouble, and the nation the expense of legislating for the territory. We have heard much in noble declamation about the restoration of the citizens of Columbia to certain political rights of which they have been injuriously deprived by the act of cession, and such an alluring picture has been drawn of their present state of degradation and vassalage, as would lead us to believe that their situation more nearly resembled that of the slaves of a Turkish Bashaw, than that of citizens of the United States. Should a stranger be suddenly transported within these walls, and know nothing of the situation of the inhabitants of the surrounding district, only what he learnt from the picture drawn in certain discussions on this subject, what a scene of wretchedness would be pictured before his imagination? Would he not almost expect to have his ears assailed with the harsh grating sound of fetters, and the clanking of chains, upon going out into the streets, or, if there was so much liberty left as to permit their departure, to see the wretched inhabitants flying in every direction, from this land of tyranny and oppression, this worse than Egyptian bondage, to the surrounding Elens of freedom and happiness? But, on making a tour through the district, how great would be his surprise, to see the citizens of Columbia, contented, free and happy, to see the various classes, of civilized society, the man of fortune, the merchant, the tradesman, the husbandman, and the labourer, each one quietly pursuing his respective occupation, and each enjoying the fruit of his labour, under the protection of mild and equitable laws; attached as I am to the rights of man, and the principles of civil and political liberty, and wishing that those rights may be extended to every nation on the globe, capable of appreciating and enjoying them, I am not fully possessed of the propriety of doing an act, doubtful at least by the constitution of the United States, for the purpose of restoring people to certain abstract rights, contrary to their wishes, and against their warmest remonstrances. Even the servant under the Jewish law, who had such an attachment to his master as to wish to remain in his present situation, was not compelled to go out free: Congress has been represented as standing in the relation of a master to this district. If this is correct, it is some consolation, that by evidence so irrefragable, it appears to have hitherto proved a good master at least. (Mr. Taggart's Speech to be concluded in our next.)
NEW STORE. BY WHOLESALE AND RETAIL. The subscriber informs the public that he has commenced business in the house formerly occupied by MR. QUINN, F. Street. And has on hand, a general assortment of dry goods, Groceries, wines and spirituous liquors. Porter, Hardware and Cutlery, Queenware, China and Glass, Loom, Sorn, and Corn-meal, Oats, and Chopped rye, Cards and Soap by the box, Country whiskey by the barrel, and few casks of genuine old Irish whiskey. All of which he will sell low for cash or country produce. The HIGHEST prices, given for country produce, CASH. FRANCIS CLARK. Aug. 29—Nif.

Below are the proceedings of a number of benevolent citizens of this place. Rarely has there been an occasion, which more loudly called for instantaneous attention, than that produced by the rigors of this season. We rejoice that vigorous measures have been taken for affording relief to the poor, and trust that there is not a citizen, within the limits of Washington, whose feelings will not prompt a liberal contribution toward mitigating the distresses of his fellow-men.
Monday, January 21.
AT a meeting of a number of the citizens of Washington, residing west of the Capitol, convened, pursuant to notice, at Mr. Rhodes's tavern, for the purpose of taking into consideration the necessities of the poor, at the present distress and inclement season.
THOMAS MUNROE was appointed chairman, and A. BREVORT WOODWARD secretary.
Resolved, That five committees be appointed to obtain contributions in the different parts of the city, and that Mr. James C. King, and Mr. David Peter be a committee for that part of the city lying west of west twenty-first street, Mr. Joseph Hodgson and Mr. Benjamin Perkins for the remaining part west of west sixteenth street, Mr. James Hoban and Mr. Lewis Clepham for the remaining part west of west eleventh street, Mr. Peter Lenox and Mr. A. B. Wood for the remaining part west of the Capitol and north of the Tiber, and Mr. Robert Brent and Mr. Daniel Brent for the remaining part west of Delaware avenue, and south of the Tiber.
Resolved, That a treasurer be appointed, to whom the contributions of money shall be paid daily, by the collecting committees. Mr. James Davidson was unanimously elected.
Resolved, That Mr. Peter Hagner, Mr. John McGowan, and Mr. Washington Boyd, be a committee to administer relief to poor and deserving objects in the city of Washington, residing west of north Capitol street and the Delaware avenue, to whose order, or that of any two of them, the treasurer shall pay the monies in his hands.
Resolved, That Mr. John Brown, Mr. Joseph Bromley, Mr. William Simmons, the reverend Mr. James Lawrie, the reverend Mr. Matthews, Mr. Geo. Andrews, Mr. Samuel H. Smith, Mr. Nicholas King, and Mr. John Chalmer, be appointed to enquire concerning poor and deserving objects, and that persons desiring relief be requested to apply to some one or more of the said persons, or other respectable citizens, for a certificate of their distress and merit.
Resolved, That these proceedings be published in the National Intelligencer. And then the meeting adjourned.
THOMAS MUNROE,
Chairman.
A. B. WOODWARD, Sec'y.
The committee for the relief of the poor in Washington, west of the Capitol, give notice that they will sit every morning at half after nine, and every afternoon at half after four, at Mr. Rhodes's tavern, where, as well as at their respective private homes, application may be made to them.
PETER HAGNER, JOHN MCGOWAN, WASHINGTON BOYD.
January 23, 1805.
The controversy between Messrs. Stoddert and Greenleaf has already, perhaps, gone too far for a newspaper publication. Nothing but the peculiar circumstances connected with it could have induced the editor to admit several of the pieces which have appeared. The parties have been apprised, at every stage of the discussion, that there was a point beyond which publications would not be admitted. If that point is not yet reached, it is certainly rapidly approaching. The editor, therefore, states his purpose, should there be any reply offered to Mr. Stoddert's piece of to-day, to hand it, previous to insertion, to the opposite party, and to close all further publications, by admitting in the same paper whatever shall be offered by Mr. S. and Mr. G.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
MONDAY, JANUARY 21.
Mr. Olin presented the petition of Abigail Bruff, widow of col. Bruff, deceased, praying to be released from the demand of 4000 dollars, which the United States had against the estate, in his quality of collector of the land tax. Referred to the committee of claims.
A message was received from the President of the United States, informing that he had approved and signed the act authorizing the erection of a dam or causeway from Mason's island to the western shore of the river Potomac.
Mr. Dana, from the committee of
claims, reported a bill for the relief of capt. Alexander Murray, which was read twice, and referred to a committee for to-morrow.
Mr. Findley presented a memorial on behalf of the people called Quakers, requesting Congress to pass a law relative to the importation of Blacks into the United States. Referred to the committee appointed on that part of the President's message relating to the amelioration of the government of the inhabitants of Louisiana.
Mr. Cutler presented the petition of Edward Tappan and others, of Newburyport, Massachusetts, praying to be allowed a drawback on certain goods shipped to New Orleans. Referred to the committee of commerce and manufactures.
Mr. Conrad presented a petition from a number of inhabitants in Montgomery and Lancaster counties (Pennsylvania) praying the establishment of a new post road between Northtown and Lancaster. Referred to the committee on post offices and post roads.
The bill for extinguishing certain debts due by the United States, being on its third reading, was, on motion of Mr. Epes, recommitted to a committee of the whole.
The House divided on the motion—50 in the affirmative, and 34 in the negative.
So it was carried.
Mr. Nicholson moved to make it the order of the day for the fourth of March next.
The House divided—39 for it, and 46 against it.
It was then made the order of the day for to-morrow.
The House resolved itself into a committee of the whole agreeably to the order of the day, on the bill authorizing the post master general to allow an additional sum of 4200 dollars for carrying the mail from Fayetteville to Charleston, South Carolina.
Mr. Gregg in the chair.
The committee, after some time spent in considering the same, rose and reported the bill, with an amendment, which was adopted by the House, and the bill ordered to be engrossed for a third reading to-morrow.
Mr. Crowninshield reported from the committee of commerce and manufactures against the petition of the sugar refiners, for an allowance of drawback upon exportation equal to the duties collected on raw sugars.
Mr. J. Randolph called for the order of the day on the bill making an appropriation for the military establishment of the United States.
General Varnum in the chair.
After some time spent in filling the blanks, the committee rose and reported the bill, with amendments, which being adopted by the House, the bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading to-morrow.
Adjourned.
TUESDAY, JANUARY 22.
Mr. Richards reported from the committee of enrollment, that he had presented to the President the bill which originated in this House, for the relief of Charlotte Hazen.
The petition of Alexander Simonton, praying relief in consideration of wounds, &c. received during our revolutionary war.
And another from John Coffee, to the like effect, were read, and both referred to the committee of claims.
The bill for the support of the military establishment for 1805, was read a third time and passed.
The bill authorizing the post-master general to make a further allowance for carrying the mail from Fayetteville to Charleston, was read a third time and passed.
Mr. Nicholson reported from the committee appointed for the purpose, a bill fixing the value of rations allowed to the officers in the army of the United States. It was read twice, and referred to a committee of the whole for to-morrow.
Mr. Rhea's (of Tennessee) motion, relative to the number of troops and officers and their destination, was called up and agreed to.
Mr. Dana, from the committee of claims, reported against the prayer of the petition of Rinaldo Johnson, and another report in favour of the petition of Alexander Scott.
Also, on the petition of Hannah Hobby, that she have leave to withdraw her petition.
Mr. Crowninshield, from the committee of commerce and manufactures, reported on the petition of Oliver Evans, of Philadelphia, millwright.
Mr. Crowninshield presented from the committee of commerce and manufactures, a bill for altering the act for the promotion of useful arts. It was read twice, and referred to the committee of the whole on the report in the case of Oliver Evans.
Mr. Crowninshield reported on the petition of the Typographical Society of Philadelphia.
Resolved, That they have leave to withdraw their petition—Agreed.
A memorial was presented to the House, from the Delegates appointed by various sections of the district of Columbia.
his—Referred to Mssrs. Nicholson, Thompson, Plater, Lewis and Lucas;—and the memorial and accompanying documents ordered to be printed.
The report of the committee on Doctor Leib's motion for making an allowance to finish the south side of the canal, at Philadelphia, was referred to a committee of the whole.
Mr. Gregg in the chair.
After some time spent in considering the same, the committee rose and reported their agreement, which being concurred in by the House, it was ordered that the committee bring in a bill conformably thereto.
(By Authority.)
AN ACT,
Authorising the corporation of George Town to make a dam or causeway from Mason's island to the western shore of the river Potomac.
Be it enacted, by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled That the corporation of George Town have power to levy a tax, not exceeding one per cent. per annum, on the real property in said town, and its additions within the jurisdiction of the said corporation, for the purpose of defraying the expense of erecting a dam or causeway across that arm of the river Potomac which passes between Mason's Island and the western shore of the said river: that the same shall not be erected until the consent of the proprietor or proprietors of the island and of the western shore of the river opposite thereto, shall be first obtained. The power hereby granted to the said corporation of levying an extra tax, to cease and determine when the object for which it is granted shall be completely effected.
NATHL. MACON,
Speaker of the House of Representatives.
JOS. ANDERSON,
President of the Senate pro temore.
January 19, 1805—APPROVED.
TH: JEFFERSON.
To THE PUBLIC.
IF men of sense should think further notice of Mr. Greenleaf, unnecessary from me, let them reflect on the deep injury mediated against me, and the necessity I am under of dispelling every kind of doubt relating to the Tontine property.
Feeling I have reputation at stake, I am careful to hazard no assertion, for which I am not ready to adduce the proof. Because I would not descend to the folly of giving him a trifle in Tontine shares for the assignee, this man attacked the titles at first in secret, and growing bolder by impunity, at length in the public papers. I proved to the conviction of every reader, that his claim was destitute of the slightest shade of support. Active to reduce other characters to a level with his own, his next step was to insinuate charges of corruption, against a majority of the commissioners, who, according to him, contrived to resell some lots as low as 5 dollars at sales where I was a considerable purchaser, and all this too, he was prepared, he said, to prove in a court of chancery. This imposed on me the necessity of denying the truth of his facts, which even now, he dare not say he believed to be true. When he asserted them with so much confidence, nor that his glaring misrepresentation, was not wilful. The Commissioners, I have before shown, never did resell a single lot for less than 80 dollars, and interest and costs. Being unable to maintain the color of claim to any lot in the Tontine, on the ground of illegality in the re-sale, or corruption on the part of the commissioners, he now attempts a new imposition on the public, and represents that there are chancery suits existing between him, and God knows who; the decision of which will settle not only what he calls conflicting claims to the Tontine lots between him and me, but our pretensions as men of veracity, to the countenance of society. Shameful, disgraceful affront! To what will not the man defend who can be guilty of such miserable attempts to mislead the public? Is it impossible for him to speak or to write, without aiming to deceive? I pledge my honor, that no Chancery suit exists between him and me—and that none exists between him and any other person, the result of which will, in any shape affect the title to a single Tontine lot—or other lots in Washington, depending on the Commissioners right to re-sell;—or their correctness in making the re-sales.
This man speaks of a suit by me against him, as if I ought to have mentioned it before. It is a suit for scandalizing my titles, of no consequence to the public. He mentions too, in a new notification, certain property as having been sold by Mr. T. Templeman and myself, the legal estate to which he says is still in his assignee, who he says has not been paid for it. I wish to discuss no more questions than necessary in a News Paper; none of this property is in the Tontine—and I am sure the public will believe my assurance, that this unhappy man has not been more fortunate in his statement in the present, than in every other instance.
After all, he boasts of enjoying the full confidence of those for whom he acts, and this too, on full knowledge of him—They have no reason to thank him for the boast—and I must be pardoned for questioning its veracity, for I know some of the gentlemen to be men of reputation. But if he does enjoy their confidence it is but poor consolation for the contempt and derision of the rest of mankind, which, conduct such as he has exhibited in the National Intelligencer, if that stood alone, could not fail to secure to him. For the justice of this inference, I appeal to the feelings of every man of honor, who reads that Paper.
BEN. STODDERT.
FOR SALE.
Two hundred and thirty-six acres of LAND joining the Potomac river, 18 miles above the city of Washington, 50 acres of which lie well for meadow, and may conveniently be watered—here is on this plantation, a considerable orchard of apple, peach and cherry. Also a valuable geared saw-mill, in good repair. This mill seat merits attention; it commands 18 feet fall, and a stream sufficiently weighty, at all seasons, to work a complete merchant mill. It has been pronounced by a good judge, a suitable seat for a paper mill, as a sufficient quantity of pure water, may easily be conveyed 14 feet high in the works. This saw-mill is in a most advantageous situation for business, there being a large supply of valuable timber, oak, ash, poplar and walnut convenient, to be purchased on moderate terms and conveyed by water at little expense to the mill; planking & flooring of this timber, is always in demand at Georgetown, the City and Alexandria, and commands a good price. To this market, to wagon roads in a boat may be conveyed in 6 hours and with less expense and trouble, than it could be handled, 3 miles by land carriage. This property will be sold on moderate terms, one third of the purchase money will be required in hand, and such an indulgence given on the residue, as the profits of the saw mill with attention, will readily meet.
For further information apply to JOHN BRECKENRIDGE. Washington, Jan. 23—31. If the property is not sold by the 10th of March, it will be re-sold.
The subscriber has just received and offers for sale, a few pipes and half pipes London particular Madeira wine, Old and of a superior quality, 25 casks Sherry Wine, 4 pipes Sicily Madeira 3 pipes Holland Gin, 6 casks Boochong Tea, A few small chests Hyson Chulan Tea, 70 barrels New York Pippens and Spitzenburg. He has also on hand, Jamaica rum in hogsheads, Cogniac, and other French Brandy in pipes, Molasses in hogsheads, Claret in cases, Excellent Lisbon wine by the pipe or quarter cask. WM. BRENT. Washington, Nov. 26—3w
Analysis of the Washington Tontine.
THIS institution, as its name implies, is calculated for the benefit of survivorship. Each share owner must, at the time of subscribing, or at some time before the 1st of July 1805, name a life or lives, on the continuance of which his share must depend—or failing to do this, the existence of his stock will depend upon his own life. The basis of the institution is upwards of 1500 lots in the city of Washington, averaging 25 feet by 120, and lying principally between George town and the President's square; between that square and the capitol, and adjacent to the navy yard. These at different prices, from 60 to 240 dollars, amount to 100,000 dollars. This sum is divided into 4100 shares of 50 dollars each.
It was necessary that the legal estate in the lots should be deposited some where for the use of the company. Trustees, who are men of probity and property, are named in the articles, to whom the property is to be conveyed. These trustees, however cannot dispose of the property. That can only be done by the directors, who are to be chosen in each year by the stock holders. The first election of directors will be held at Stoll's hotel, on the first Monday in February next.
It was proper too, that the public should not be imposed upon by bad titles. Two gentlemen therefore, as respectable for their private worth, as eminent for their knowledge in the law, and thoroughly versed in city affairs are pointed out by the constitution of the Tontine, to investigate, and to judge of the titles, before the execution of the deeds. These gentlemen happen to be the counsel for the assignees of persons, who have heretofore speculated largely in the city property; a circumstance which rendered it still more proper, because more safe for the public, that they should be selected as the judges of the Tontine titles.
The directors are to sell the lots, and to invest the money arising from sales, in stock of the United States. The interest of the stock, until the end of the year 1807, is also to be invested in like stock—After 1807, it is to be divided, semi-annually amongst the share owners of existing stock, until the dissolution of the company in 1825, when the capital, the whole of which it is to be presumed, will then exist in stock of the United States, is to be divided amongst the owners of the then existing stock, in proportion to the sum held by each.
These are the leading features of the Tontine—there are many minor regulations, which it would be tedious to enumerate—and which will be better understood by reference to the constitution itself.
December 28. S. ep3w This day is published by SAMUEL H. SMITH, price 50 cent.— A DEFENCE of the MEASURES OF THE ADMINISTRATION of THOMAS JEFFERSON. BY CURIUS. Taken from the National Intelligencer.
GARDENER WANTED.
ONE who is perfectly acquainted with the work of a Kitchen Garden and understands the management of fruit trees and can be well recommended, will meet with encouragement by applying to the printer.
WANTED.
TWO hard working NEGRO MEN who are acquainted with all kinds of country work. It will be necessary that they bear a character of honesty, sobriety, and fidelity to their masters. Application to be made at this office. November 28—
FOR SALE, one undivided third of that most valuable estate, held in common by Messrs. Joshua Collins, Nathaniel Allen, and the heirs of Samuel Dickenson, deceased, commonly called the Lake Company. The said estate consists of 53,000 acres of land, in Washington, North Carolina, lying between the canal and Long acre, bounding on Lake Phelps, Pungo Lake, and the head of Pungo river. Also, 5,000 acres of Land in Gum Neck, near Little Allega river, in Tyrrell county. The above lands are equal if not superior for fertility of soil, to any land within the state: no part of them are subject to freshets or overflows from said Lakes or Rivers; but a very considerable part may be laid under water or kept perfectly dry, at pleasure, by means of said canal. This canal formerly cut by said company to join the waters of Lake Phelps and the Pungo river is 20 feet wide, 6 feet deep, and affords an excellent navigation the distance of 6 miles, on one side of the first track; on it and on the Lake is the plantation containing about 250 acres of cleared land in a high state of cultivation. The produce in general is for one acre, in wheat, about 30 bushels, in rice from 50 to 60 do. and in Indian corn in good seasons about 63 1/2 do. taking the whole crop together. In dry seasons hemp has been very productive.
On the plantation is a rice machine in complete order, in a building 72 feet long, 42 feet wide, and 4 stories high.
Also a grist mill with a pair of stones for corn, and a pair of stones for wheat, with two boiling cloths, &c.
Also a threshing machine in excellent order. There is a saw mill which is now repairing, to carry one saw, and is intended to be in the same frame with a merchant mill to carry 3 or 4 pair of stones for manufacturing flour, &c.
There is a good dwelling house two stories high, and 24 lots of hut houses, besides two barns and stables, &c.
There are 63 negroes above 12 years of age, amongst them are tradesmen of different kinds—Also 33 negroes under 12 years of age.
There are carpenter's cooper's and blacksmith's tools, besides every kind of plantation utensils, in good order. Horses, hogs, sheep, and about 100 head of cattle. Three large flats for the use of the canal, &c.
The medium crops when making rice and corn, is from 220 to 280 casks of rice 600 lbs. each, from 3 to 600 barrels of corn. To when making wheat, from 160 to 190 casks of rice, from 3 to 400 barrels of corn, 1500 bushels of wheat.
Lumber from the saw mill when employed with two saws, has sold from 2500 to 3000 dollars yearly, employing 12 hands.
Flax, cotton and hemp are not included. The rice has sold from 5 to 6 dollars per hundred, these several years past.
There are 40 hands more on the plantation, the profits might be reckoned at least one third, if not one half more, for each hand, and for as many more as could be put on it.
Certified by THOS. ROTTER, Superintendent. Mr. Nathaniel Allen, of the town of Washington, and one of the company, being desirous to sell his interest in said property, had authorized the subscriber to dispose of the same, in his behalf, and has put into his possession all the necessary documents for the information of the persons desirous, or inclined to purchase; the terms of payment, are one fourth down, on the execution of the deed or deeds of conveyance, the remainder at two annual and equal payments, to be secured in the most unexceptionable way.
The manner in which said property has been managed since the year 1787, when the company was formed, makes it a most desirable acquisition to gentlemen of capital, and by far outweighs the inconveniences attending property held in common, as a superintendent having the management and direction of the whole, with one of two overseers under him, renders it unnecessary for the proprietors to be at any farther trouble, concerning said estate, than an annual settlement. It will further appear by the above statement furnished from the company's books by Mr. Trotter, the present intendant, that the yearly produce of 250 acres now under tillage amounts to between 8 and 10,000 dollars annually, and that were 40 or 50 more working hands put on the said estate, the profits would nearly be double, with hardly any additional expense, as a much larger quantity of land might be laid under cultivation, with nearly the charges of the present farm. Any application by post to the subscriber, who resides near Plymouth, Washington county, North Carolina, or to Mr. Allen himself, or Mr. Stephen Cabarrus, of Edenton, will be duly attended to, and any further information, if required will cheerfully be imparted.
JOHN ROULHAC, At. at Law Plymouth, N. G. Oct. 16, 1804—3w
* See Guthrie's Geography improved 2d volume, page 516 Philadelphia edition, April 1795. Nov. 23.
New Book-Store,
No. 61, St. Patrick's Row, Baltimore, under the firm of
American Book Store of
Levrault, Schoell & Co.
OF PARIS,
Where will be kept a complete assortment of ENGLISH, French, German, Spanish, Italian, Latin and Greek Books, bound in the handiest style; Maps, Engravings, Pictures and Music, and of every article relating to arts and sciences—The whole of which will be sold at the Paris and Leipzig prices, without any charges, except the indispensable expenses.
Book-sellers, who wish to purchase English, Latin and Greek classics a generous allowance and uncommonly liberal terms are offered.
Printers may be supplied with all kinds of Types; the samples of which may be viewed or bought at the store.
Commission business in this line will be promptly and punctually attended to. Lovers of arts and sciences may be supplied with catalogues, which have already appeared and will appear at the time of new importations, either by personal application or by letter, post paid.
January 11—22—3w—UG3t.

One Dollar Reward. Ran away from the Subscriber, living in George-Town, on the night of the 16th instant, an apprentice boy by the name of John Hopewell, between 15 and 16 years of age; he has a down look when rathly spoken to—he had on when he went away a blue jacket and overalls. Grey cassimere waist coat; and took with him a variety of other clothing, too tedious to mention. I forewarn all persons from harbouring the said boy, as I am determined to prosecute the offender according to law. JOSEPH WHITE. Jan. 18—3t
TO PRINTERS. THE Subscriber takes Order for Type from the well known Foundery of William Callan, Jun. and Co. London—Specimens and list of London prices to be seen at Mr. Geo. W. Riggs, Georgetown. CHARLES WIRGMAN, No. 215. Market-Street, Baltimore. Jan. 16. tf
For Sale, A NEGRO WOMAN, about 25 years of age—she is an excellent house maid, can wash, iron, &c. For terms apply to the printer. Washington, Jan. 16—3t
NOTICE. THE Subscriber intends to embark for Europe in a short time. All those indebted to him are requested to call and pay their accounts, which will be rendered immediately. FLINT RIGGS. George-Town, Jan. 16—3t N.B. Cash will be given for a quantity of good tobacco. Apply as above.
NOTICE. IS hereby given that the sale of all those lands and lots heretofore advertised in the Washington Federalist, the National Intelligencer and the Baltimore Federal Gazette on the 20th day of August last for a tax due the county of Washington in the territory of Columbia for the year 1802 (which sale was to have taken place on Monday the 10th day of December next at Rhode's Hotel in the City of Washington) is postponed until the first Monday in February next, when, at the same place at 11 o'clock A.M. the sale will commence and continue from day to day until all are sold or so much thereof as will satisfy the tax and other charges due thereon unless the said tax and charges be paid previous to the day of sale. By order of the commissioners of the Levy Court, WASHINGTON BOYD, Collector of Washington County. December 3th. 1804. cptsf
FALL GOODS. THOMAS CARPENTER, TAYLOR, Pennsylvania Avenue, near the President's Square. HAS just received a very handsome assortment of Fall Goods. Orders executed with the greatest dispatch and fashion, and on the most moderate terms. Oct. 31—tf
CHARLES H. VARDEN, MERCHANT TAYLOR. Has received from Philadelphia a handsome assortment of FALL goods, consisting of the best London and French superfine cloths, cassimeres, patent Bennet's cord, toilettes, fancy and white Marcellies, black and figured silk, moleskins, fancy silk, Marcellies, constitution cords, velvets, Genoa cord, silk and satin Florentine, superfine coating, knapped cloths, with a variety of other articles suitable for the winter season. N. B. Ladies habits, regimentals, and navy uniforms made in the first style of fashion. New Jersey avenue near the Capitol, December 10—tf
THE subscribers have opened a GROCERY STORE in the house near the Capitol, lately occupied by Mr. JAMES D. BARKY—where they have for sale, low, for cash or in exchange for country produce. Genuine Cogniac brandy, Inferior French do. Old Jamaica spirits, Madeira, } Wines, by the quarter cask Sherry, } Lisbon, } and safe, or smaller quantity. Claret, } Brown Sugar, 1st and 2d quality, Loaf and Lump, do. Molasses, Firkin Butter, Mould Candles, Sweet Oil, Spices of different kinds, Fig Blue, Starch, Almonds, Anchovies, } In bottles. Capers, } Powder and Shot, Excellent Wine Vinegar, Gin, Whiskey, Hylon, } Teas, fresh, and of superior quality. Imperial, } Young Hylon, } Salt Herrings in Barrels. PETER HEALY, & Co. Washington October 31—tf
ROBERT CHERRY. HAS removed his store, to the house of Mr. George Clagden New Jersey avenue on the Eastern Branch, where he has just received (in addition to his former stock) by the Schooner Island from Philadelphia a general assortment of groceries and liquors of superior quality, with a few boxes India china of the best quality eighty pieces to the set; all of which he will sell wholesale and retail at the most reduced prices for cash, or in exchange for country produce—All orders in his line will be executed with punctuality and dispatch; he offers himself from the quality of his articles he will be able to render ample satisfaction to his friends and all those who may be pleased to favor him with their custom. All kinds of commission business will be attended to with the utmost attention. Washington city Dec. 22—tf
ALL persons who are indebted to the estate of Michael Roberts deceased (for debts contracted at his store in George town) are requested to come forward immediately and make payment to Edgar Paterson, who is duly authorised to receive the same, otherwise their accounts will be put in suit without discrimination—those who have demands against said store, if any there are, are requested to apply as above for payment. FRANCES ROBERTS, Executrix. THOMAS CUMPSON, } Executors JOSEPH WILLIAMS, } George town, 26th Dec. 1804.—epim
THE VIRGINIA WESTERN LINE OF STAGES. THE owners of the line of stages now running between Fredericksburg and Charlottesville, return their thanks to the public for their patronage—they beg leave to assure them that no attention shall be wanting to merit a continuation of it, and that that line, will continue to ply through the winter as it has hitherto done through the summer. January 18—w4t
LOTTERY TICKETS. A Few tickets in the Catholic Cathedral Lottery of Baltimore, Warranted undrawn, are being deposited in the hands of the Rev. Mr. MATTHEWS and WILLIAM BRENT for sale. Washington, Dec. 24—ep2w
NOTICE is hereby given to ROBERT BOYES and JAMES BOYES, if now living, children of Robert Boyes, who was the son of the late Robt. Boyer, of Londonderry in the county of Rockingham and state of New Hampshire, deceased; which said Robert the elder left Londonderry aforesaid upwards of thirty years ago, married in Baltimore in the state of Maryland, and removed to Virginia and there died; that, if they will apply to Silas Betton of Salem in the state of New Hampshire, now in the city of Washington, or to Alexander Boyes of Londonderry aforesaid, may hear of some property worth their attention. The several printers of Virginia and Maryland will serve the cause of humanity by republishing the above. Jun 9
RUNAWAY NEGRO. WAS committed to the jail of Frederick county on the 18th of October last, as a runaway, a negro man who calls himself WILLIAM BLA KSTON, and says that he is a free man. He is 5 feet 6 inches high, and about 27 years of age. The clothes which he has on are a brown cloth coat, a fawn-down waistcoat, dark cloth overalls, a tow linen shirt, and a wool hat. His owner is desired to come, prove property, pay charges and take him away, or he will be sold for his jail fees agreeably to law. GEORGE CREAGER, Sheriff of Frederick county. November 16—1awtf
100 DOLLARS REWARD. RUNAWAY, two months ago, about the middle of November, a Negro Man, named TOM DANIEL, five feet ten inches high, black complexion, has lost some of his high teeth, very knock-kneed, about 45 years of age. It is supposed that he has made to the northward, and has a free pass. He took with him a grey mare, and is very fond of driving a cart.—Apply to RALPH LANE, Centreville, Fairfax county, Virginia.
A FEW Hundred bushels of white, well burnt SHELL LIME, will be sold for cash, at 16 DOLLARS the 100 bushels if applied for immediately, a less quantity than 100 bushels will not be sold at this price. Apply to CON. CONNINGHAM. November — Cash will be given for WELL cleaned BARLEY.
TO RENT, On very moderate terms, FOR two story brick dwelling houses ON north H street, square No. 77, directly south of the Six Buildings. For terms apply to T. H. GILLISS At the Navy Office Washington City, Nov. 2d, 1804—M&Ftf
Runaway, Some time in April last a bright MULATTO WOMAN named FANNY, she is nearly 6 feet high and stout in proportion, thick lips, middling large eyes, very large breasts, bends forward when she stands or walks, quick in speech, and has very large feet, her apparel is not remembered, took with her a large bundle thereof, and it is probable often changes them. I have been informed that she is in the service of a Mr. Thompson in Georgetown who ever secures her in Washington city jail so that her mistress, Mrs. Sarah Brooks gets her again or will deliver her to the subscriber in Upper Marlboro' shall receive Ten dollars and all reasonable expenses paid by SAML. J. COOLIDGE. December 3—8w
American Printed goods. Calicoes, Shirts, Pocket Handkerchiefs, &c. manufactured by the subscribers near Baltimore, and sold at No. 13 Calvert street.
TO remove that distrust often felt respecting new undertakings, and so prejudicial to manufacturing attempts in America, they think it proper to observe, that nothing is wanting in the business to enable good articles to perform their work here as well as in Europe. That they have these articles; that two of the partners were bred to the business in a factory of the best repute carried on by their father, long afterwards by themselves. They trust that while foreign goods are received without a question, an unreasonable suspicion will not prevent their countrymen from giving that trial to their goods, which only can prove their value. Besides a natural doubt, they know that certain interests, national as well as individual, will suggest objections to their undertaking. They have no difficulty in saying, that work of the like kind shall be as well executed here, as in other countries. The colors capable of being fixed, will be found as permanent; the cloths perhaps better substance, and the prices lower than of the imported cottons. M'COLLOUGH & LUNNUY, Baltimore, No. 12 Calvert Street. Sept. 27—tf
NEW STORE, SEVEN BUILDINGS, CITY OF WASHINGTON. THE Subscriber, who lately opened store at the west corner of the Seven Buildings, has just received by captain Elwood, from Philadelphia, an extensive assortment of dry goods, amongst which are a variety of fancy articles, viz. London superfine and second cloths, cassimeres, nappas, coatings, forest cloths, bocking, London hats, lannels, bays, blankets, counterpanes, dimities, ruffs and durants, London best letter paper, common writing do. scaling wax, wafers, quills, pencils & paste board, fancy waistcoating, linens, Irish and German, Russia sheeting, diaper, bed ticking, velvets, cords and thick sets, patent bennets cord, Barcelona handkerchiefs, bandannos, one bale coarse mouseline, checks, Shirting mouseline, best Spanish segars, chandeliers, goblets, decanters and salt cellars. ALSO, Ladies silk spencers for the winter, elegant silk and mouseline shawls, veils, ridicules, crapes, farsenets, fig. Mantua and other ribbons, India mull mull, cambric, jaconet and book muslins, split straw, chip and Leghorn bennets, silk velvets, fenshawes, tutestrings and plain silks, English and French silk hosiery, pic nic gloves, and mitts, f.w. silk, wash leather, beaver and kid gloves, turtle shell combs, necklaces and beads of great variety, lace, purses and fans, silk cord, childrens leather caps, handsome snuff boxes, wadding, &c. Piano fortes, violons, violon strings, music, fresh hylon tea, &c. The subscriber has imported his London superfine cloth, hats and part of his other woollens himself and can therefore sell them unusually low by wholesale and retail. THOMAS W. FAIRO. Nov. 9—3t&wtf
BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES. WHEREAS by the first article of the terms and conditions declared by the President of the United States on the 17th day of October, 1791, for regulating the materials and manner of buildings and improvements on the Lots in the City of Washington, it is provided "that the outer and party walls of all houses in the said city shall be built of brick or stone." And by the third article of the same terms and conditions it is declared "that the wall of no house shall be higher than forty feet to the roof in any part of the city, nor shall any be lower than thirty five feet on any of the Avenues." And whereas the above recited articles were found to impede the settlement in the city, of mechanics and others, whose circumstances did not admit of erecting houses authorised by the said regulations, for which cause the operation of the said articles has been suspended by several acts of the President of the United States, from the fifth day of June, in the year 1796, to the first day of January next—and beneficial effects arising from such suspensions having been experienced, it is deemed proper to revive the same with the exception hereafter mentioned. Wherefore, I THOMAS JEFFERSON, President of the United States, do declare that the first and third articles above recited shall be, and the same are hereby suspended until the first day of January, in the year one thousand eight hundred and six, and that all houses which shall be erected in the said city of Washington previous to the said first day of January, in the year one thousand eight hundred and six, conformable in other respects to the regulations aforesaid, shall be considered as lawfully erected, except that no wooden house covering more than three hundred and twenty square feet, or higher than twelve feet from the fill to the eve shall be erected, nor shall such house be placed within twenty-four feet of any brick or stone house. Given under my hand the twentieth day of December, 1804. TH: JEFFERSON. Dec 24—12wtfA
IN virtue of an order from the Orphan's court of Calvert county [state of Maryland] I shall offer for sale on a credit of six months on bond with approved security, at the late dwelling of Benjamin Ward late of said county deceased. Two negro men, horses, cattle, sheep and hogs, with all the household and kitchen furniture, plantation utensils, and also corn, fodder, wheat, and the crop of tobacco now in the house—The sale of the above property will take place on Tuesday the 29th day of January 1805, (if fair or the first fair day thereafter) and commence at 11 o'clock in the forenoon.—All persons having claims against the estate of the said Benjamin Ward, are requested to exhibit the same on the day of sale, or they will be excluded in a distribution; and all persons indebted to said estate are requested to make immediate payment to ZACHARIAH WARD, Ad'mr. Calvert Co. Jan. 9—3w
To be Sold by Auction. ON Wednesday the 6th day of February next, in virtue of my power I will expose to sale at Mr. Stelle's hotel near the Capitol, the hour of sale Twelve o'clock A.M. the Lot No. 1. in square No. 377 and also a capital three story house the property of John Crocker together with all the improvements thereon for cash—the premises may be seen on the spot, and for any further particulars enquire of me THOMAS LAW. Washington Jan. 9—2awim
FOR SALE, Two very valuable and likely SLAVES, viz. a man and his wife, both healthy and young. The man is a very excellent cook and waiter, and a good coachman; he is a tolerable shoemaker and rough carpenter, and is uncommonly ingenious and handy. The woman is also a good cook, and a very brisk and well instructed house servant. They are tractable and well disposed, have no children, and are sold by a person moving from Maryland who can't carry them with him. They will be sold to no person unless willing, and the purchaser may have them on trial—also an active, stout, handsome mulatto BOY aged 14 years, who is an excellent waiter—an accommodating credit will be given; Eight or Ten valuable men to hire, apply as above. HENRY SUTTLE. Georgetown, Jan. 9—4t
By virtue of a writ of Venditioni Expensas issued from the Circuit court of the district of Columbia for the county of Washington, at the suit of the President directors and Company of the Bank of Columbia—Will be exposed to public sale for ready cash on the 21st day of December next, at Wm. Rhodes's tavern in the city of Washington, all the right, title, claim and interest of John P. Van Nels in and to the following property, viz.—Lots no 3 4 5 and 6 in sq no 492 Lots no 5 9 and 10 in sq no 493 Lots no 4 5 6 and 7 in sq 494 Lots no 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 and 13 in sq 535 Lot no 1 in sq south of sq no 463 Lot no 15 in sq no 378 Lots no 5 6 9 and 10 in sq no 874. Lots no 5 7 8 9 10 12 13 14 15 17 18 and 19 in sq no 585. Lots no 9 10 12 13 14 15 17 and 18 in sq no 587 Lots 2 3 4 5 16 17 18 20 21 and 22 in sq 642 Lots no 1 2 3 4 5 6 and 7 in sq no 537 Lots no 2 and 3 in sq no 577 Lot no 3 in sq no 579 Lots no 1 2 3 4 5 and 6 in sq no 581 Lots no 2 and 18 in sq 583 Lot no 1 in sq north of sq 583 Lots no 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 and 27 in sq south of sq no 643 Lots no 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 and 28 in sq no 645 Lots no 2 8 and 11 in sq no 792 Lots no 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 and 26 in sq no 826 Lots no 6 and 7 in sq no 256 Lot no 11 in sq no 378 and lots no 13 14 and 15 in sq no 491 as laid down in the plan of the city of Washington—The sale will commence precisely at 10 o'clock. DANIEL C. BRENT, Marshal. October 29—1awtf
The sale of the above property is postponed to the 30th day of January next, on which day the sale will certainly commence precisely at 10 o'clock. Dec. 19—w2
Adam King, & Co. AT their wine Store in High street George Town, have in addition to their stock of old wines, laid in a large and general assortment of all kinds of Liquors and Groceries suitable to the present season; where bills of any description, in their line, will constantly be filled up on the shortest notice and they flatter themselves, from the quality of their wines, &c. they will be able to give general satisfaction to all those who may think proper to favor them with a call—where all kind of commission business as usual, will be attended to with the utmost attention, George Town, November 5—tf
Cheap Groceries AND CROCKERY WARE. THE Subscriber intending to decline business, offers for sale, on the lowest terms, a general assortment of Groceries and Crockery Ware, among which are, viz. Cogniac, Saracelona, and old Peach Brandy, Port, Sherry, Naples and Malaga Wine, Cherry Bounce, Aniseed cordial, best Wine Bitters, preserved fruits in brandy, preserved ginger Pickles, Sweet Oil, Spices, Loaf and Brown Sugar, Coffee, fresh Teas, Sweeping Brushes and Scrubbing, do. Spanish Segars; Chewing Tobacco, Mustard, Hair Powder, Gun-powder, Shot, Thread by the ounce, very cheap, &c. &c. &c.—China, Glass, and Crockery ware. A person desirous of following the mercantile line, in the city of Washington, cannot find a more eligible situation for business, than the one occupied, now, by the subscriber, for either a Dry Good or a Grocery Store, it being in one of the most inhabited parts of the city; the house is very convenient and the rent moderate. Such a person by applying to the subscriber on the premises, will meet with a very cheap bargain and with every thing necessary for carrying on the grocery line. J. A. XAURI. F street, near the Branch Bank, city of Washington, Dec. 21—1awtf
The subscriber offers for sale a very valuable MILL SEAT, (the race of which is in part improved) with about twenty acres of handsome low ground annexed thereto, situated on the Shenandoah river three miles below the fork in the county of Frederic and state of Virginia. This property lies in the heart of a fine farming neighborhood, in which vast quantities of wheat and other grains, are annually raised. Its situation immediate upon the bank of the river, the navigation of which is rapidly progressing, its fine fall, and other natural advantages render it capable of being improved upon the most extensive scale. In the opinion of competent judges a sufficient quantity of water can at all seasons be drawn from the river to work machinery of any extent—This property is unquestionably worth the attention of men of capital. For terms and other particulars apply to the subscriber in the said county, near Stephensburg, or to Mr. Mahlon Atkinson in the same neighborhood. Mr. Atkinson will be in the city of Washington a few days, and will receive propositions from any person who may incline to purchase. Letters post paid directed to the said Atkinson or the subscriber by the Stephensburg mail will be duly attended to. An indisputable title can be made. SAML. KERCHEVAL. Jan. 7—6t
STATIONARY & FANCY STORE GEORGE TOWN. THE Subscriber has just received from New York, Philadelphia and Baltimore, a large and general supply of STATIONARY &c.—Amongst which are the following articles, viz. Atlases imperial, superroyal, royal, medium and demy English papers, Extra lar e thick folio post, do. Do. do. thin do. hotpressed do. Small, plain and wove fo'io post do. Plain and wove foolscap do. Hotpressed, gilt, mourning, wove and plain letter do. Folio and quarto copying do. Super Royal cartridge do. Medium, demy and foolscap French marble do. Demy blotting do. Paste and bonnet boards, Single and double ruled ledgers, journals, and waste books Medium, demy and foolscap blank books suitable for public offices Best Holland quills and ready made pens Black and red ink and ink powders Japan and durable ink Printing ink for book and newspaper use Red and black sealing wax Red and black wafers Large red and white wafers for office use Wax tapers and taper stands Counting house seals Pink and blue silk tape Broad and narrow red tape Ball and hank twine Cases of mathematical instruments Reading glasses in horn and tortoise shell frames Gold leaf Parchment squared and pounced Scuttle fifth bone and pounces Ivory and bone pounce boxes Black lead, crayon and camels hair pencils Do. with silver cases Resaws colours in boxes Resaw knives and paper scissors Counting house and pocket pen knives Do. with ivory scale and rule handles Ivory and bone paper folders Round and flat rulers Gum Tragacanth and Gum Arabic States and slate pencils Plated, glass, wedgewood, pewter, & pocket inkstands Sand boxes and sand glasses Black sand, and steel filings Message and writing cards Geographical and genealogical phlimes an arithmetical games with totums Portable writing desks with apartments for dressing apparatus Mahogany, japanned and Morocco shaving cases Shaving boxes with soap and brushes Razors of a superior quality Ladies and gentlemen's japanned dressing cases Playing cards and ivory boxes with counters Cribbage boxes and boards Backgammon tables and dice boxes Ivory chessmen and chess boards Billiard balls and dice Drum battle-drums and shuttles Violins, flute, and fife Violin strings and bows Fowling pieces, shot pouches, and powder Horseshoes and pocket pistols Silver and gilt mounted small swords, dirks and hangers Gold and silver epaulets and sword knots Do. do. shoulder straps and crescents Military fashions, lace, cords, &c. Officers travelling canteens with cooking utensils &c. complete Gold and silver bullion, spangles and thread An elegant assortment of gold, silver and gilt mounted combs Gold and silver hair slides Wreaths and bunches of artificial flowers Ostrich feathers, fancy plumes, &c. Tortoise shell and superfine ivory combs Coquillo and jet necklaces Gentlemen's doe skin and dress gloves Boots, shoes and pumps Morocco skins, and bend soles Bailey's and Morley's patent blacking Hair powder and pomatum Powder bags and powder puffs Tortoise shell and horn dressing combs Curling tongs and crumpling irons Wash ball and wash ball boxes Tooth powder and shaving powder Essence of musk, lavender, burgamot and ambergrease Segar boxes and snuff boxes Tooth brushes and tooth picks Clothe brushes and hat brushes Sweeping, dusting, scrubbing, shoe and fur brushes Switch, chair and carriage whips Walking sticks and sword canes Silk and morocco elastic braces Green wire fenders with brass tops ornamented Fashionable brass and irons Coal kods, cinder sifters and pokers An elegant assortment of japanned tea trays Satin wood and mahogany knife cases Green and white ivory tables and desert knives and forks in sets Elegant plated tea and coffee urns Plated tea and coffee pots Do. bread baskets and toast stands Do. candlesticks and branches Do. snuffers and snuffer trays Do. castors, double flat cut glasses Do. salts with do. do. Do. mugs, tumblers and bottle stands Gold, pebble and glass watch seals Do. watch chains and keys Do. rings, broaches and breast pins Plated and common coach and gig lamps Do. furniture for harness double and single horse Do. mouldings for carriages Do. gig springs, and hubb bands Do. chaise, duke and nestle bridle bits Do. horn, bideous and carbos Do. patent and common spurs Japanned lamps and hand lanterns. Lamp wick and lamp wick cases Worsted Webb and saddle cloths Mill and cros cut saws Centinues's wool combs Travelling trunks, &
ALSO—FOR SALE, An Invoice of Hardware Which which will be sold low at a credit of six months. EDGAR PATTERSON. Nov. 12—tf