The national intelligencer and Washington advertiser. (Washington City [D.C.]), 1805-04-17 00:00:00

NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER, AND WASHINGTON ADVERTISER.
VOL. V.
WASHINGTON CITY, PRINTED BY SAMUEL HARRISON SMITH, PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE.
NO. DCCVI.
FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM.
WEDNESDAY, APRIL 17th, 1805.
PAID IN ADVANCE.
IMPEACHMENT OF JUDGE CHASE.
TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 19.
(Continued.)
Mr. Harper. I will now offer in evidence the book containing the charge of Judge Chase at Baltimore which has been proved to be the one from which he read his charge; perhaps it will be unnecessary to read it, as it is left on file, and we wish to save the time of the court.
The written book was then returned to the clerk's table.
Mr. Harper said he wished to ask a question of Mr. M'Mechin.
Mr. M'Mechin was called, and Mr. Harper enquired if he had rightly understood him, when he said that a few minutes after he had left the court room he met Mr. Montgomery on the stairs, and Mr. Montgomery stated to him that Judge Chase would be impeached. Did Mr. Montgomery at that time say for what he would be impeached, or that he would be impeached for reflecting upon the administration?
Mr. M'Mechin. He said the judge would be impeached, but I do not recollect that he said anything about his being impeached for reflecting upon the present administration. I thought he felt hurt on the subject of the alterations in the judiciary of Maryland, which had been much talked of, and for which he had been an advocate in the state legislature.
Mr. Harper. In order to show that it is the custom in this country to deliver political charges from the courts to the grand juries (a practice which I am ready to admit is indiscreet) I wish to be indulged in a narration of what has been the practice, and then this honorable court will be convinced that it did not originate with the present respondent, but that he followed the track which had been a long time marked out. For this purpose I refer to several transactions which have taken place. First in the year 1776, on the 27th April, an address was made to the grand jury in the state of South Carolina by Wm. H. Drayton, (1st vol. of Ramsay's history of South Carolina, page 103.) A further evidence that this custom obtained is derived from the address of the executive council of Pennsylvania, wherein it is recommended that the judges of the supreme court make mention in their charges of various subjects of a political nature; it is under date of October 8th 1785. Am. Museum, Vol. 1. p. 228. I will also offer in evidence, a charge delivered by Judge Iredell in Pennsylvania, previous to the trial of Fries in 1799—I will adduce that part only which may be denominated political.
(Mr. Harper here read extracts from Fries' trial.)
I will also offer in evidence the general notoriety of the practice in this country for thirty years past, to enforce from the bench political principles, and to defend political measures; a practice which we contend universally prevailed.
I will submit a paper yesterday referred to as evidence on the 7th article; a charge delivered by chief justice M'Kean on the 27th November 1797—In this charge the learned judge, whose character has been so boldly pronounced, discusses the doctrine of libels, and after a variety of pertinent observations, goes on as follows:
(Mr. Harper here read extracts from the above charge.)
Exhibit No. 7, contains extracts from the Mirror of the Times, which are offered for the purpose of verifying the statement of the respondent; the first is contained in the paper of Wednesday February 5, 1800, and the second in that of Feb. 8th.
Mr. Randolph. The exhibits are those which accompanied the respondent's answer and plea.
Mr. Martin. They are, and we here close our testimony, adding only the letter of governor Claiborne, who has acted on the same principle, and given to the world his political opinions on various subjects.
Mr. Randolph. One of our witnesses has arrived in town, and we wish that he should be called.
THOMAS HALL was called and sworn.
Mr. Nicholson. Was you at Baltimore when the charge was delivered by Judge Chase, and do you recollect the language he made use of in addressing the grand jury?
Mr. Hall. I do not recollect the particular language used—I paid very little attention to what was there transacted.
Mr. Nicholson. Do you recollect the subject generally, on which he spoke?
Mr. Hall. I have a general impression, but I cannot be particular.
Mr. Nicholson. Did he mention the present administration as weak and feeble?
Mr. Hall. My impression is that he mentioned them, or I inferred it from what was said.
Mr. Nicholson. Did he mention them in such a way as to cast an odium upon them?
Mr. Hall. I could not identify the language of Judge Chase even if it were laid before me.
Mr. Nicholson. Do you recollect his recommendation to the jury to use their exertions to prevent the passage of particular laws?
Mr. Hall. I think he used language in substance to that effect.
Mr. Nicholson. In what way did he speak of the administration.
Mr. Hall. I do not recollect particularly the manner.
Mr. Nicholson. Is it your general impression that he mentioned the administration.
Mr. Hall. I think he did, or else I inferred it from what he said.
Mr. Randolph. Although you do not recollect the precise expressions of the Judge, you inferred from what he said that his design was to convey to the bye-standers the idea that the administration was weak or wicked.
Mr. Hall. Yes, Sir, those are my impressions.
Mr. Nicholson. Were you on the jury.
Mr. Hall. Yes, Sir, I was on the petit jury.
Mr. Rodney here adduced a list of the grand jury for the circuit court held in the year 1800 in the state of Delaware.
Mr. Randolph wished that Mr. George Hay might be called to explain part of his testimony, that part which related to the conversation between the marshal and himself, when the former was in pursuit of Callender.
Mr. HAY was accordingly called and appeared.
Mr. Randolph. Did you endeavor to dissuade the marshal from the execution of his duty in the arrest of Callender?
Mr. Hay. I certainly did not, and Mr. D. M. Randolph could not mean to convey to this honorable court that idea. I should have been prevented from doing this by two considerations, one exclusively relating to myself, which I need not explain, the other, that I had a better opinion of Mr. Randolph than to suppose he would listen to any such suggestions. I did tell him that in my opinion he would not be able to get Callender, as I understood that he had attempted to make his escape, and that in the place in which he was, it would be impossible for the marshal to discover him.
Mr. Randolph. Did you mention to him that he (Callender) would surrender at the next term?
Mr. Hay. I am not certain, but I believe I did.
Mr. Randolph. Were you at that time retained as counsel for Callender.
Mr. Hay. I was not retained as his counsel at that time, nor ever after; but I intended to appear in his defence for the sake of the cause and not for the man.
Mr. Randolph. Were you averse to proceed in the trial at that term for any particular reason?
Mr. Hay. I did not wish to appear before Judge Chase, from an impression that had been made on my mind in conversation with persons who knew him. I conceived it would be an unpleasant business for me to carry into execution the intention I had formed to defend Callender. This impression arose principally from the conduct the judge had manifested towards Mr. Lewis and Mr. Dallas, on the trial of Fries at Philadelphia. He had there, as I understood, restrained them from managing the defence in the way which they thought proper. I did not expect any greater indulgence or advantage than had been allowed on that occasion. I had therefore made up my mind to meet all the exigencies of the case with temper but with firmness. The conduct of the Judge in the trial of Mr. Thomas Cooper, had also its weight upon my mind. A great deal was said about the judge's conduct on that trial, whether correct or not. I do not say; but it made me unwilling to appear as counsel before Judge Chase, though I was perfectly willing to undertake Callender's defence at the next term, before any other judge.
Mr. Randolph. What was the political complexion of the jury which tried Callender?
Mr. Hay. I am not personally acquainted with the gentlemen who composed that jury. I believe some of them did not live in the city of Richmond, but the impression on my mind was, and still is, that all the persons on the jury were not only opposed to Callender, but decidedly so; and were distinguished for the warmth of their political sentiments.
Mr. Randolph. Are you acquainted with colonel John Harvie, what is his political character?
Mr. Hay. I know colonel Harvie, but what is his political character I do not know, I lived at Petersburg and he at Richmond. I only knew that it was said that he did not vote with the republican party.
Mr. Randolph. Are you acquainted with Mr. William Radford, what are his politics?
Mr. Hay. He was ranked among those called moderate, but I am not well enough acquainted with him to decide upon his political character.
Mr. Randolph. Are you acquainted with Mr. Marks Vandervall, and what is his political character?
Mr. Hay. He is a very reserved man, but has been uniformly regarded as a republican, though not a zealous one.
Mr. Randolph. In criminal actions, did you ever hear of a bill of exceptions being filed in Virginia?
Mr. Hay. Never, Sir—there can be no such thing, it would answer no purpose—because from a criminal court there is no court which has appellate jurisdiction—there is none even in cases of misdemeanor.
Mr. Randolph. But cases are adjourned from the district courts to the general court.
Mr. Hay. There is a particular process for that purpose, criminal cases are not carried up after trial, for the decision in that case is final; but if the district court are unwilling to decide, it is then carried up to the supreme court.
Mr. Harper. I understood you to say that it was your intention to argue the point. What point did you mean?
Mr. Hay. I meant to contend against the constitutionality of the second section of the sedition law.
Mr. Harper. Did you not mean to argue it before the public, although you knew it would be unavailing if addressed to the court. Did you mean by that argument to acquit the traveler, or to produce a political effect out of doors.
Mr. Hay. I meant to address my arguments to the court; if they should work the acquittal of the traveler, or operate any way in his favor, it was a thing to be desired; if they should affect also the public mind, that too was a desirable circumstance.
Mr. Harper. I ask you now whether you did not say to the marshal that Callender could not be defended, and that your object in requiring a continuance of the cause, was to gain time, and bring the trial nearer that period in which it was probable that he might get a pardon.
Mr. Hay. I have no recollection of having said anything of this kind, but if Mr. Randolph (the marshal) says that I expressed myself to him in that manner, I shall not contradict him.
Mr. Harper. I understood him to say so in his testimony.
Mr. Hay. I do not recollect it.
D. M. RANDOLPH was called in by Mr. Harper, and asked whether Mr. Hay had not said to him that Callender could not be defended, and that his purpose was to keep off the trial till the next court, in order to obtain a pardon.
Mr. Randolph. I do not recollect the words which were used, but I understood that Callender could not then be defended, and that he would surrender himself at the next term. I think it proper to remark one thing further; there never was a pannel of the jury made out, or presented to Judge Chase, or any other person, till the morning I made it out in court, before the commencement of Callender's trial, except in the case of the grand jury, when it was handed to the judge on the bench to appoint a freeman. In setting down their names on the list I arranged them according to my own idea of their respectability.
Mr. Nicholson. In your conversation with Mr. Hay, did he tell you that he wished to delay the cause, in order to bring it nearer the time in which he might obtain Callender's pardon.
Mr. Randolph. He did not use the words, but I thought he had it in his mind. I inferred it from the conversation.
Mr. Randolph wished to ask another question of Mr. HAY, who was therefore called in.
Mr. Randolph. Did you ever say that Callender could not be defended?
Mr. Hay. I cannot recollect what I may have said on that point, but I recollect perfectly that I was impressed with the idea, that he could not be defended, if the charge was either for writing or publishing the Prospect Before Us, for those facts were too notorious to be called in question. But I did then think, and always since have thought that he might be defended on the ground of the unconstitutionality of the sedition law.
Mr. Randolph. Do you mean when you say that he might be defended on the ground of the unconstitutionality of the sedition law, that you would not have defended him on any other ground, such as a flaw in the indictment, or a misstatement of the matter of the book in the indictment.
Mr. Hay. Most certainly, Sir, I meant to take advantage of any mistake or defect that might appear in the indictment, or in the evidence; and that may be evinced by recurring to my objection against the witnesses who were concerned with Callender in the publication, when I told one of them that he was not bound to give testimony which would go to criminate himself.
Mr. NICHOLAS called.
Mr. Key. Do they ever arraign a person for a misdemeanor in Virginia?
Mr. Nicholas. I do not recollect that they do.
Mr. MONTGOMERY was called in, at the instance of Mr. Nicholson, who desired him to explain some parts of his testimony.
Mr. Montgomery. When I was before this honorable court the first time I stated that I should not be able to state all the charge delivered by Judge Chase at Baltimore, or any particular part in the precise language which he used. From the examination of a great number of witnesses before this honorable court, I am induced to believe that I have been misunderstood. When I first used the word administration, I used it not as the precise word he uttered, but what struck my mind as being his sense. The judge seemed to lay down a proposition, that the administration or government was so and so, and their acts were not guided with a view to promote the general welfare, but principally to keep themselves in the possession of unfairly acquired power. I thought the judge explained his position by his allusion to the repeal of the law creating the fifteen circuit judges, the general suffrage law of Maryland, and the contemplated alteration of the judiciary law of that state; I did not mean to state that he said Mr. Jefferson was weak or feeble, but that the administration or the government was so. This is the impression I then had, and now have with respect to that part of the charge. But I did not then say, nor do I now, that I use the precise words of the judge; but I think I follow his spirit and his meaning.
Mr. Nicholson. At the concluding part of the charge did Judge Chase recommend it to the jury when they returned home to use their influence to prevent the passage of the judiciary bill, or was that an inference from what he delivered?
Mr. Montgomery. That part of the charge was in the express words, and not an inference at all. I recollect that shortly after I had a conversation with several gentlemen, who concurred with me in opinion that these expressions were used; and I recollect that on the very day the charge was published in the Anti-Democrat, or the day after, I called these expressions to the recollection of the son of Judge Chase, and observed that these parts were omitted in the printed statement.
Mr. Harper. I am desired by Judge Chase to make of this honorable court the request contained in the following letter, which I will read:
Mr. Harper here read the following letter of Judge Chase:
Mr. President,
The state of my health will not permit me to remain any longer at this bar. It is with great regret I depart before I hear the judgment of this honorable court. It permitted to retire, I shall leave this honorable court with an unlimited confidence in its justice; and I beg leave to present my thanks to them for their patience and indulgence in the long and tedious examination of the witnesses—Whatever may be the ultimate decision of this honorable court, I console myself with the reflection that it will be the result of mature deliberation on the legal testimony in the
case, and will emanate from those principles, which ought to govern the highest tribunal of justice in the United States.
The President observed that the rules of the senate did not require the personal attendance of the respondent; whereupon Judge Chase bowed in a very respectful manner, and withdrew.
Mr. HAY came again to the bar to explain the motives which induced him to undertake the defence of Callender. He said he was not without some hope that his arguments against the unconstitutionality of the sedition law, although they would not be conclusive with the court, would nevertheless have some weight with the jury, and might operate to produce the acquittal of Callender.
Mr. Randolph. On behalf of the managers, I have to request of the court that further progress in the trial be postponed until to-morrow, in order to give those gentlemen who follow, time to digest, compare, and collate the great volume of testimony which has been given. We shall be ready to proceed to-morrow. There is also another reason for this request; we expect hourly some important witnesses, and are in hopes that they will make their appearance in town before the next meeting of this court. If however, this should not be the case, we shall proceed without them. If they come, we presume we shall be permitted to take the benefit of their testimony.
President. I understand that gentlemen have nothing further to offer.
Mr. Randolph. Not, Sir, at this time.
Mr. Harper. I beg leave to state that we do not join in the motion for a delay, though we do not oppose it.
President. Is the court of the arguments on each side understood?
Mr. Nicholson. We understand that the managers will open; that reply will be made by the counsel for the respondent; and that the managers will then close.
Mr. Key. This is the usual course, and we have no objection to it.
The court then rises.
WEDNESDAY, FEB. 20.
Present, the Managers, accompanied by the House of Representatives in committee of the whole, and the counsel of Judge Chase.
Mr. Nicholson. We expected a witness from Virginia; but he has not arrived; a witness however, from Maryland is present, whom we wish to examine.
PHILIP STEWART sworn.
Mr. Nicholson. Was you a member of the grand jury summoned to attend the circuit court held at Baltimore in May 1803?
Mr. Stewart. I was.
Mr. Nicholson. Do you recollect any particular expressions used by Judge Chase in his charge to the jury?
Mr. Stewart. I have but an imperfect recollection. I have never seen the charge, nor have I heard it read since it was delivered.
Mr. Nicholson. Had you not some reason for attending to the charge, other than your duty as a grand juror?
Mr. Stewart. There were some things which struck my mind with some force.
Mr. Nicholson. Had you not been a member of the legislature of Maryland?
Mr. Stewart. I had.
Mr. Nicholson. Did he not throw some censure upon the members of that state legislature?
Mr. Stewart. I felt something of the kind, but I cannot tell his expressions.
Mr. Nicholson. Do you recollect his speaking of the sons of some gentlemen who had assisted in framing the constitution of Maryland, what were his expressions?
Mr. Stewart. If I were to hear the charge read I could perhaps point them out.
Mr. Nicholson. I will state the question more precisely. Did he use the words degenerate sons , did he apply that epithet to the members of the legislature?
Mr. Stewart. To the best of my recollection he did, he spoke of degenerate sons of fathers who had formed the constitution of the state, which they were about to destroy by the introduction of the general suffrage bill.
Mr. Nicholson. Did he recommend to the grand jury when they returned home, to use their influence to have such men elected as would vote against the judiciary bill then pending before the legislature?
Mr. Stewart. I do not recollect.
Mr. Harper. I will ask you Sir, whether the word degenerate was inferred by you, or did you actually hear it?

Mr. Stewart. I believe I heard it. M. Martin. Have you ever seen any publication of the charge? Mr. Stewart. I have not. The President. If no further witnesses are to be introduced, I would enquire whether gentlemen consider it necessary to detain those who have been examined? Mr. Nicholson. It is possible that gentlemen may differ in their account of the testimony; but if there is no dispute on that point the witnesses I think may be discharged.
M. Martin. There is a list of the grand jury summoned at the circuit court in Delaware; I do not know for what it is filed; until we are informed on that point we shall be under the necessity of retaining the witnesses from that date. It is intended to show that there were men of different political sentiments on that jury.
M. Rodney. We have nothing more to prove than that what has already been stated.
Mr. Harper said the counsel for the respondent would have no objection to discharging all the witnesses; but would object to discharging a part of them.
The President. If the gentlemen do not agree upon the discharge of the witnesses, I will take the sense of the Senate on the point.
Mr. Harper. The particular situation of Mr. Nicholson's family requires his return to Philadelphia. I must therefore request that his further attendance be dispensed with.
The Managers consented, and Mr. T. was discharged.
That question was then taken by the President on the discharge of all the witnesses, and lost—there being 16 votes in the affirmative, and 17 in the negative.
Mr. Rodney requested the discharge of the witnesses from Delaware; which being consented to by the respondent's counsel, they were discharged accordingly.
It may be proper to notice that, from time to time, during the trial, witnesses were discharged with consent of the parties.
(To be continued.)
ON FRUIT TREES.
Having read and heard that by cropping off the flowers of potatoes the roots would be larger, I have the summer past made the experiment. The result, however, does not authorise the opinion I had heard advanced—I perceive not the least benefit from cropping. Next to the richness of the soil the most important thing towards insuring a good crop of potatoes seems to be, to plant them at such distances as to prevent the ground from being landed by the stems and leaves.
In no part of agriculture is negligence more conspicuous than in the choice and cultivation of fruit. Fruits indeed will grow without much attention; but what a difference there is between the quality of the apples, the pears, the peaches, the cherries, which fill the orchards and gardens of our farmers! Nine tenths of them are a spontaneous growth from the seed—small, crabbed, austere, and not fit for eating. Every person knows, for he sees, that many species of fruit, if propagated by seed will produce an apple tree: but not often, if ever, an apple of the same size, form and quality. The seeds of apples, cherries, peaches, pears, &c. propagate the same genus, or kind of fruit, but not the same variety. To insure the continuation of good fruit, however, nature affords another mode of propagation, which requires the interference of man; thereby making his industry and attention essential to his enjoyments. This mode of propagation is by separating the buds of one tree and inserting them on another. The buds are a sort of lateral progeny, issuing from a stock—and each branch may be considered as a new tree, taking root in the stem on which it grows. But in this part of the economy of vegetables, there is a curious fact which ought to be universally known to those who ingraft or inoculate. Every fruit tree must have a certain age before it will produce fruit, in this particular resembling animals, which cannot propagate their kind till a certain age. Thus a peach tree from the stone will bear a third or fourth year: but an apple tree from the seed must be twelve or fifteen years old, to produce fruit in perfection. But it is remarkable, that cions or shoots from the top branches of a bearing tree are essentially of the same age as the tree; that is, capable of propagation or the production of fruit. Thus a bud or lateral shoot from a main branch of a tree twenty years old, is itself of the same age, as to the purposes of production. On the other hand, the shoots from the root or body of the tree near the earth, are no older than the tree was when the stem from which they spring first grew.
To understand this, we must observe that no given part of the main stem ever rises higher than it was when first formed. A tree grows higher by accretion or additional luxuriances at the ends of the stem and branches; but the part of a tree once formed always remains at the same altitude; and a shoot from the growth of the first, second, third, fifth or tenth year, partakes of the power of propagation belonging to that portion of the tree.
Hence suckers from the lower part of the tree should not be taken for grafting, as they will not bear as soon as cions from the ends of the branches which are already of a bearing age.
But another fact is equally important. The age of a tree is limited as well as that of an animal. Care and cultivation will add vigor to the life and length to the age of both; but the life neither of one nor the other can be prolonged beyond a certain period. Hence cions for grafting should not be taken from very old trees. For being as old as those trees, the new trees will be short-lived. Cions should be taken from the most thrifty top or lateral branches of trees which have just arrived to the bearing age. The best time in apples is from fifteen to thirty years of age.
Hence we deduce the reason why particular species of fruit run out, as it is commonly termed. The seeds of apples for instance, contain the germ of an infinite variety of fruit. New varieties are arising up with the old, and old ones are becoming extinct. When a particular variety, say the pearmain, comes into existence, it is propagated by buds and cions as long as the original tree will endure, which may be from seventy to a hundred years; I believe not longer. The species must then become extinct, unless another tree bearing the like fruit should accidentally spring from a seed, which can rarely happen. But new species equally excellent are continually produced from seeds. The winter pippin, unquestionably the best apple for winter that I have ever seen, was the spontaneous production from a seed at Newtown, Long-Island, where the original tree is now or was lately standing.
The fact, that particular sorts of apples run out, has often been observed in England, though the cause has not till lately been discovered. But the fact seems to depend on an established law of the vegetable economy.
With regard to the preservation of apples, it is a practice with some persons, to pick them in October and spread them on the floor of an upper room. This practice is said to render apples more durable by drying them. But I can affirm this to be a mistake. Apples, if remaining on the tree, as long as fifty from frost will permit, should be taken directly from the tree to close racks and kept dry and cool as possible. If suffered to be on a floor for weeks, they will lose their flavor, without acquiring any additional durability. The best mode of preserving apples for spring use I have found to be, the putting them in dry sand as soon as picked. For this purpose I dry sand in the heat of summer, and late in October put down the apples in layers—with a covering of sand upon each layer. The singular advantages of this mode of treatment, are these—
1. The sand keeps the apples from the air, which is essential to their preservation. 2. The sand checks the evaporation or perspiration of the apples, thus preserving in them their full flavor, at the same time any moisture yielded by the apples (and some there will be,) is absorbed by the sand, so that the apples are kept dry, and all mustiness is prevented. My pippins in May and June, are as when first picked. Even the ends of the stems look as if just separated from the twigs. 3. The sand is equally a preservative from frost, rats, &c.
But after the extreme heat of June takes place, all apples speedily lose their flavor and become insipid. I keep the pippin till the middle of July, but at that time it is of little value. This apple, however, is so durable that it retains a good deal of freshness till strawberries are ripe, so that ordinarily I have fresh fruit of my own raising the whole year.
I would only remark further, that our citizens lose half the benefits of fruit, by neglecting to procure the best kind. Early peaches alone are worth cultivating. In hot weather they are as useful as palatable, in abstracting the heat of the stomach and bowels, and preventing disease. Late peaches, hard, small and sour, and ripening in cool weather, are fit only for hogs. On the other hand, apples for cider or for winter. They should ripen late, and our farmers would do well to seek for those kinds, like the Newton pippin and Roxbury Russetin, which do not fall early during the heat of September.
N. WEBSTER.
From Relf's Philadelphia Gazette.
DISCOVERY OF MANGANESE ON THE LEHIGH.
Mr. Relf,
A few days since, Mr. Butland, of this city, put into my hands a specimen of black colored mineral, weighing five ounces, which was found in the county of Northampton, on the farm of Mr. Weis, about thirty miles from Bethlehem—and informed me that it might be easily procured, in great quantities at that place.
Having subjected this substance to a variety of experiments, it was discovered to be a Manganese of the first quality,
containing scarcely any foreign matter; and far superior to most of that which is sold in the shops of the druggists, considerable quantities of which I have frequently been obliged to throw away after purchasing it, from the impurity of the material.
The oxygen air obtained from this native ore, was equal in purity to that which was afforded by a specimen of the foreign, sent to me by the late Doctor Priestley, the discoverer of this gas, who informed me, that it yielded an air as pure as any he had procured during the course of his life.
Manganese is useful to the physician, in consequence of the air it affords, and to which some of the most violent diseases to which the human body is subject, have given way; to the bleacher, paper maker, and manufacturer of glass as a destroyer of coloring matter, when combined with the marine acid; to the potter, as giving a black color, and assisting in glazing his earthen ware; and to the philosopher and artist, as containing a gas, which combined with certain combustible bodies, will generate a degree of heat, unattainable by other means.
As the science of mineralogy is little attended to in the United States, the intention of this communication is, to induce gentlemen residing in the country to pay some attention to the mineral productions of their fields, by which means they may greatly benefit themselves, and render the most important services to the arts, yet in their infancy in this part of the world.
Any person desirous of information, concerning any of our native fossils, by applying to me, shall be gratified, as far as is in my power; and if the material sent to me, is thought to be of any use to society, an accurate analysis of it shall be made, free of expence.
I am, Sir, with respect, Your humble servant, JAMES WOODHOUSE.
Bleaching by Vapour.—M. Cadet de Vaux, a French manufacturer, has discovered a method of bleaching by vapour, which is considered a very important improvement. The operation is directed in the following terms.
"The whole of the linen should be changed or stirred about in water; when changed, and drained dry, it must be wetted cold with a lye compounded of carbonate of soda (salt of soda chrysalidized) and a small quantity of soap. When the linen is well soaked in this lye, let it be placed in the bucking tub—the fire, when lighted, should keep boiling a few pints of clear water, and the little lye remaining should be drained dry in the copper or kettle. When this liquid is evaporated, the operation will be finished; the whole in the space of two or three hours. Then the linen may be taken out and washed in cold spring or river water. In this washing, but a small quantity of soap will be necessary, and that only to discover certain spots that may have escaped the action of the lye.
In one experiment made by M. de Vaux, the weight of the linen contained in the copper was 250 pounds. The fire was kept up for three hours, which was found to be sufficient. A consumption was made of 28 pounds of wood. The linen was then taken to the river and washed, but no soap was found requisite as the lye had sufficiently penetrated. The linen, after being placed a very little time in the sun to dry was taken up of a consummate whiteness."
Morn. Chron.
FROM A LONDON PAPER.
Life Preserver.—An experiment was tried lately on the river Thames, to ascertain the utility of this invention, which is intended not only to preserve the lives of those who wear it, but to enable them, from the buoyancy it affords them in the water, to afford relief to others who may be in danger of drowning, and that without hazard to themselves.
At 12 o'clock at noon, six persons, who had previously had the machines girted on, leaped out of their boats opposite Parliament stairs, Westminster bridge, and afforded a very curious sight to the spectators, the body being in a perpendicular position, the head and upper part of the shoulders only appearing above the water. In this state, their arms, legs, and all their limbs being at perfect liberty, they went down with the tide through Black Friars bridge, surrounded by a great number of boats; they went through the middle of the stream, until they passed Strand lane, where they came closer on the shore: they then came abreast of the Temple, where they again put off, which they did with no further trouble than a trifling steering with their hands.
The machine is very simple in contrivance, being composed of eight divisions, each of strong sheet copper, firmly soldered and japanned, much on the principle of the balls used to float on cisterns; these are connected by straps, and when the machine is put on, the lower girth tightens round the chest; from thence it is rolled up over the breast, but not higher than the arm-pits; from the upper parts straps go over the shoulders, and are secured to the girth round the chest. When on, it has much the appearance
in shape of a horse's collar, the large end downwards. It is very safe, because if even two or three of the divisions should by any accident, but which is hardly possible, lose their wind and take water, there will still be buoy enough to keep up the body.
A numerous concourse of spectators, on land and water, appeared very highly pleased with the experiment, which met with complete success.
FROM AN ENGLISH PAPER.
LETTER FROM CARDINAL MAURY TO LOUIS XVIII.
[From Les Nouvelles a la Main, of October 22d, 1804.]
SIRE,
"My present dignity I owe to your Majesty's recommendation; for the same I have obtained among the virtuous part of my contemporaries. I am indebted to nothing but to that zeal and courage with which I, fifteen years ago, combated rebels and atheists, as I was bound by honor, conscience, duty and gratitude. I should, therefore, be an ungrateful, ungrateful, and contemptible subject, an unworthy Prelate of the Catholic Church, were I to cease to profess the same sentiments of loyalty and religion.
"SIRE.—Persons, no doubt envious of my glory, have, from motives easily seen through, published writings in my name, which, though they cannot deceive my kings, might mislead my fellow subjects and foreigners, to whom politics, as well as religious apostasy, have of late become so familiar. This causes me to intrude upon your majesty, with this letter, and to implore your forgiveness for the publicity I am under the necessity to give it.
"SIRE. From principle as well as from conviction, I united with a few loyal members of the Sacred College to supplicate the Pope not to give the death blow to the Catholic religion, by prohibiting the sacraments of his high and holy station, in Louis-giously placing the crown of St. Louis on the head of a foreigner, accused of such enormous crimes, and whose hands are still reeking with the pure and innocent blood of a descendant of this anointed king, so dastardly assassinated by him in the wood of Vincennes. With becoming humility, I remonstrated on the probability of all future criminals, to whom fortune, from inscrutable purposes, procures a temporary usurpation of power, forcing the successors of St. Peter to seal their iniquity and guilt with a sacred approbation, to the scandal of the faithful, and to the destruction of the faith; acts which soon must bring forth those dreaded and deplorable times, when the blessings of a Supreme Christian Pontiff will be received and regarded by the people with the same indifference as the blasphemous mummery of a High Priest of the Goddess of Reason. I represented that, according to the canon laws of our Holy Church, General Bonaparte was still excommunicated; not having made public penance, and obtained public absolution, for his shocking and disgraceful apostasy in his desertion from Christ to Mahomet, in 1798.
"Even in a political view, I proved, that this horrible act would neither procure tranquillity to France, nor safety to Europe. The difference is great between the military despotism seized by an Usurper, supported by accomplices, by victims, and terror; and the lawful monarchical authority inherited by a legitimate Prince, with the national will and wishes for ages.—The latter never dies; but the history of all times evinces that the annihilation of the former is on the point of the sword of a rival, or in the poisonous cup of an enemy. Napoleon Bonaparte may reign; but was his progeny ever so numerous, he will leave no posterity behind him, and his dynasty perishes with him, because France has within her bosom many other generals, equally ambitious, audacious and ferocious, who will never respect a rank to which they have equal rights with Napoleon, and superior claims to those of his children, brothers and nephews.—Until, therefore, your Majesty ascends the throne of your ancestors, my unfortunate countrymen, will only fight for the choice of their tyrants, and my degraded country experience nothing but an intermitent and incurable anarchy, extending its ravages, tormenting and undermining civilized society in every part of the globe. My humble remonstrances and representations were, however, as ineffectual as my powerful arguments, and an evidence not to be rejected. Pius VII. goes to France, and true religion is equally threatened with all lawful dynasties!
"If I feel sensibly, Sire, particularly at this moment, the happiness of being confident and faithful to my invariable doctrine, in laying at the feet of your Majesty my usual and unchangeable allegiance and homage; I am also well aware of the imminent dangers to which such an honorable profession exposes me. But, Sire, already, from age, on the borders of eternity, some days longer existence in a world, where crime prospers and virtue suffers, are of no value to me, at the expence of the dictates of my con-
science.—Submitting with resignation to the will of providence, I am prepared to meet death, either in the dungeons of the temple, in the wilds of Cayenne, in the wood of Vincennes, or at the Place de Greve. I shall expire as I have lived, with the firm and consoling hope of inhabiting the same blessed abodes with a St. Louis, a Louis XVI. a Lefebure, with a Charate, with an Enghein, with a Pichegru, with a Georges, and with all other heroes and martyrs of religion and loyalty.
"I am, with the most profound respect, your Majesty's most obedient, devoted, and faithful humble servant and subject.
(Signed)
"JEAN SIFREAN."
Cardinal Maury, Bishop of Monte Piasonne and Benevento.
Monte Piasonne, Oct. 2, 1804. To his most christian majesty, Louis XVIII. King of France and Navarre."
WASHINGTON CITY.
WEDNESDAY, APRIL 17.
ELECTIONS.
MASSACHUSETTS.
The votes of 274 towns for governor give
Mr. Strong 28124 Mr. Sullivan 24894
Federal majority 3230
NEW HAMPSHIRE.
The votes of 172 towns for Governor give
Mr. Langdon 15179 Mr. Gilman 11394
Republican majority 3785
The former towns gave the last year a majority to Mr. Langdon of 43—the republican gain during the last year may be computed at 3742.
About thirty towns remain to be heard from, which, it is thought, will not materially vary the result.
The Political Observatory offers the following:
General view of N. H. legislature for 1805.
Governor, John Langdon, republican, is elected by a majority of not far from 4000 votes.
Council, Will probably be composed of three republicans, and two federalists.
Senate, May be fairly calculated to contain seven republican members, to five federal—most probably eight to four—or would nine to three surpise us.
House of Representatives. Double the majority of last year for republican-ism.
VERMONT.
There has been a second trial in the N. E. district for a representative to Congress, in which 16 towns give
Mr. Fisk, rep. b. 938
Mr. Chambe-lain, fed. 500
In the same towns, on the former trial, the votes were,
for Fisk and Niles, rep. 637
Chamberlain 511
It is said to be probable that Mr. Fisk is elected.
Virginia—Representatives to Congress.
General John Smith, re-elected, without opposition.
In Albemarle county the votes are, For Thomas M. Randolph, 503 Walter Lee, 140
In Rockbridge county, For Alexander Wilson, 275 Robert Bully, 28
In Mecklenburg county, For Mark Alexander, 350 John Claiborne, 150
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TIMES.
The very essence of liberty consists in freedom of enquiry. Whatever, therefore, conduces to the protection of this right is worthy of those who profess themselves the friends of liberty. To the disgrace of the state of New York she has, until the present time, retained the old doctrine of libel. While the federalists had in their hands the political power of the country no attempt was made, we believe (if mistaken, we wish to be corrected) by them to accommodate the law on this point to the nature of our political institutions. This has been reserved for a republican legislature, who have recently passed the following act, the leading principles of which appear to us to be correct; and to be such as fortify the important right of investigating the conduct of public men and the merits of public measures, at the same time that they inhibit that wanton and profligate traduction of private character, which is scarcely less injurious to the liberty of the press than legal restraints.
AN ACT CONCERNING LIBELS.
Passed 6th April, 1805.
Whereas doubts exist whether on the trial of an indictment or information for a libel the jury have a right to give their verdict on the whole matter in issue:

1. Be it therefore declared and enacted by the people of the state of New York, represented in Senate and Assembly, That on every such indictment or information, the jury who shall try the same, shall have a right to determine the law and the fact under the direction of the court in like manner as in other criminal cases, and not be directed or required by the court or judge before whom such indictment, or information shall be tried, to find the defendant guilty merely on the proof of the publication by the defendant of the matter charged to be libelous and of the sense ascribed thereto in such indictment or information: Provided, nevertheless, That nothing herein contained shall be held or taken to impair or destroy the right and privilege of the defendant to apply to the court to have the judgment arrested as has heretofore been practised.
2. And be it further declared and enacted, That in every prosecution for writing or publishing any libel, it shall be lawful for the defendant upon the trial of the cause to give in evidence in his defence the truth of the matter contained in the publication charged as libelous: Provided always, that such evidence shall not be a justification, unless on the trial it shall be further made satisfactorily to appear that the matter charged as libelous was published with good motives and justifiable ends.
3. And be it further enacted, That any person or persons who shall alter the passing of this act be convicted of writing or publishing a libel, such person or persons shall not be sentenced to an imprisonment exceeding the term of eighteen months or to pay a fine exceeding the sum of five thousand dollars.
4. And be it further enacted, That from and after the passing of this act, it shall not be lawful to prosecute any person or persons by information for writing or publishing any libel.
Ireland, according to a recent enumeration, contains 12,001,200 Irish acres, 687,118 houses, and 5,496,944 inhabitants.
An erroneous statement having been given in the English prints of the naval engagement to which the following official letters refer, we publish them for the purpose of correcting it.
The Captain de Frigates Guillet, commanding the frigate La Ville de Milan.
To his excellency, the minister of the marine and of the colonies at Paris.
Monsieur, I have the honor to inform you that the frigate La Ville de Milan, which departed from the French fort at Martinique, on the 16th Pluviose current, on the 27th of the same month, in 23° 29' north lat. and 66° 3' west long. from the meridian of Paris, fell in with an English frigate which we observed to avoid us. The next day, in lat. 30° and long. 64° we again law her, pursuing us; being the better sailer, she came up with us at 8 o'clock in the morning, the wind at north west; two tier of cannon which we shewed, appeared to be the reason why she desired from the chase, when she came within the distance of three miles. About 3 o'clock, P. M. she returned to the charge, and took her position on our larboard quarter, we manoeuvred with our mizen top sail, so as to force her to fight on our broadside. Now the cannonading commenced, as very brisk and kept up with the greatest spirit. After two hours and a half of obstinate fighting, all the time under sail, the enemy bore away in order to go round the Ville de Milan, who seized that moment to board her on the larboard quarter. Our French seamen effected their boarding and made themselves masters of the English frigate Cleopatra, commanded by Captain Robert Lawrie.
She carries 39 cannon, of which ten are 24 pound carronades on her quarter deck.
We left at Martinique two of our guns for the defence of that colony.
The English frigate has lost all her masts, except the mizen mast. During the night after the engagement, we experienced a very heavy sea, and the main and mizen masts of the Ville de Milan were carried away.
We had 14 men killed, and the enemy 37. The number of our wounded is 12, that of the English 28.
Captain Regnaud was killed towards the end of the action. I was wounded by a ball which passed through my thigh.
We are employed in making jury masts for the two frigates; and it is my intention to fleet for the Canaries.
I have the honor to be, with the most profound respect, Monsieur, your very humble and devoted servant,
GUILLET.
On the 4th Ventose of the 13th year of the FRENCH REPUBLIC WE the commander and officers of the frigate La Ville de Milan, being at ten in the morning, with our prize the English frigate Cleopatra, commanded by M. Rouget, lieutenant de Vaisseau, in latitude 30 deg. N. and long. 63 deg. W. with hard and squally weather and
our guns housed, the sea very heavy and running into the two ships through the port-holes, whole lids and bolt ports had been greatly damaged in the engagement and boarding of the 28th of last Pluviose, the boisterous weather would permit us to hoist neither our main mast, nor our top-gallant masts, but we had taken the opportunity to rig our main yard, and prepare it for a topsail. At noon whilst the squalls continued we saw two sails, the one to the W. and the other to the N. N. W. both distant about 3 leagues, and under full sail. The frigate La Ville de Milan being under a foresail, a jib and a top-gallant royal sail instead of a main sail, and our prize, the frigate Cleopatra, under a foresail first rigged, a top-gallant sail and a mizen, we bore away to the South east at 2 o'clock P. M.—the strange sails which we had been having gained much upon us, we found that which was to the W. to be a large ship, and the second to the N. N. W. a frigate, both chasing us. and our prize, which kept in our wake at half a league's distance. The said prize then bore away to escape the ship to the leeward, but making little way, she easily permitted this ship which had hoisted the English flag, to come up with and fire upon her, and finding it impossible to defend herself, she was obliged to strike. The ship leaving the care of her prize to the frigate which accompanied her continued the chase; the Ville de Milan made as much sail as was possible, with the repairs that she had been able to make, since the battle; but she was soon come up with by the said ship, which fired many shot at her, to which she could answer only with her quarter deck guns, which could not be brought to bear upon the English ship as she lay at her stern, which it was not in her power to prevent it being impossible for her to manoeuvre. The boisterous weather totally prevented us from running out our guns, which were kept housed, agreeably to the sentiments of all the officers whom I called to consult upon this subject. The wound which I had received, not permitting me to leave my birth, I left to the Enseigne de Vaisseau, Caron, a discretion to do whatever he should think proper to defend the honor of the French flag; the violent agitation of the sea which deprived us of the power of firing and of presenting our broadside to the enemy, determined him to give the order to strike the flag. I owe him the justice to inform you that he had my approbation, perfectly convinced, as I was, that a prolonged resistance on our part would have been impossible, for the reasons above detailed.
The English capturing vessels are the flag ship, the Leander, of 60 guns, and the frigate Cambrian, carrying 24 guns on her main-deck and 32 pound carronades on her quarter-deck. We have arrived at Bermuda, escorted by the Leander.
Ventose 9, year 13.
GUILLET.
The Editor of the Public Ledger is meritoriously engaged in drawing the attention of the public to the political works of Aristotle. None of the ancients possessed more vigor or comprehensive views of mind. His works are a rich mine, which, though they may contain some dross, are full of precious materials. A comparison of many of the most eminent modern productions on political economy with his works will show how highly the former are indebted to him for their best ideas. The following reflections of this great man on EDUCATION, extracted from the above named print, are well worthy the attention of the reader.
"That the education of youth, ought to form a principal object of the legislator's attention, cannot be a matter of doubt; since it is education that first moulds, and that afterwards sustains, the various modes of government; a democratical education alone sustaining a democracy, an oligarchical an oligarchy; and the better and more perfect the different systems of education are, the better and more perfect will be those plans of government which they are respectively calculated to introduce and uphold. Preparation and exercise are necessary for the acquisition of every art, and not least for the attainment of the great art of political life. In this important object fellow-citizens are all equally and deeply concerned; and as they are all united in one work, for one common purpose, their education ought to be uniform and public, and regulated by general consent; not abandoned, as at present, to the blind decisions of chance, or the idle caprice of parents: for the children of citizens belong to the commonwealth, of which they are destined to be members; and, like every member or part, must be formed and fashioned in subserviency to the good of that whole, or system, to which they collectively appertain. Such are the maxims of the Spartans, which cannot in this instance be too highly extolled. Of all men they are the most attentive to education, and their education is public."
But wherein ought political education to consist? what are its different branches? and in what manner, or to
what extent, ought each branch to be cultivated?
The different practice of nations has involved these questions in much perplexity. Different systems of legislation have different scopes and end-views; and even when they agree in the same end, they employ different means for its attainment. It is education to be directed to things of common and vulgar use, subservient to bodily accommodation, and productive of external prosperity? Or ought its main business to consist in sharpening, to divinity, and ennobling the mind? If the mind and virtue be justly preferred to the body and fortune, yet by what principles are we to arrange the virtues themselves? With which of them ought we to cultivate the mind, and in which of them ought it to terminate?
First of all, it is evident that children ought to be instructed in things subservient to the purpose of external accommodation, in proportion to their necessity or utility; provided such things be not illiberal or degrading, tending to distort or enervate the body, to narrow or deform the soul, to chill the fancy, or encumber the intellect. From such mean and mercenary dregs, which would disqualify them for the exertion of virtue; and unfit them for the offices of freemen, our citizens must totally abstain. Even to those acts dignified by the epithet liberal , their application ought not to be directed with undue selection and prudent reserve. In many accomplishments mediocrity is preferable to excellence; for an ambition gratified by what is frivolous will be incapable of aspiring to what is great. In ascertaining the doubtful nature of those frivolous but agreeable talents, much depends on the end or purpose for which they are acquired and cultivated. To display them for vanity or gain is worthy of none but slaves; but they will not misbecome a citizen, if he exercises them for his own amusement, of the gratification of his friends; as relaxations from severer studies, or preparations for higher pursuits.
Education is most commonly reduced to four heads; grammar, gymnastick, music, and drawing. Letters are the elements of calculation, as well as of grammar and composition, and are essentially requisite in innumerable purposes of daily occurrence. The same may be observed of drawing, which teaches the knowledge of forms, about which so many indispensable occupations are continually conversant. The gymnastick is subservient to strength and courage, invigorating the body and fortifying the mind. Music, indeed, is now degraded into a playful pastime, but was introduced into education, by our wiser ancestors, because youth ought to be taught, not only how to pursue business, but how to enjoy leisure: an enjoyment which is the end of business itself, and the limit in which our active pursuits finally terminate. This enjoyment is of a nature too noble and elevated to consist in plays and pastimes; which it would be absurd to consider as the main end and final purpose of life, and which are chiefly useful in the intervals of toilsome exertion, as salutary recreations of the mind, and seasonable unbendings from activity.
Leisure is in itself pleasurable; and on its own account, desirable: whereas business is never undertaken and pursued merely for its own sake, but for the sake of something beyond it; a something as variable as the opinions of men are manifold, and their habits dissimilar; some placing happiness in one kind of enjoyment, others in another; but those who are best informed and most skilfully educated, placing it in such enjoyments only as are honorable and laudable.
An education, therefore, is requisite to make us delight in those things which are best calculated to afford genuine satisfaction; and the arts and studies from which this satisfaction results, are not to be degraded by the epithets useful or necessary , since they relate to nothing external, but terminate in themselves, and are, on their own account, the objects of desire, as the immediate causes of rational and honest pleasure.
In this view the ancients considered music, and gave it a distinguished rank in their scholastic systems: not as a thing useful; for to what purpose does it serve? Not as necessary , in the way that letters are necessary , in accounts, in economy, in literature, in science, and in a thousand political purposes both civil and military: or as drawing is useful in teaching the knowledge of forms, in appreciating works of art, and in preventing deception in the purchase of instruments and utensils, the implements of trade, or the articles of furniture. It remains there the music should be acquired and cultivated as a thing desirable in itself, for the agreeable occupation of liberal leisure, and the elegant embellishment of life. Therefore Homer says—
"Let Hesper Thalia decorate the feast;"
and again—
"The bard is called to ravish ev'ry ear;"
and Ulysses thus paints the best enjoyments of peace and prosperity—
"How sweet the products of a peaceful reign,
The heaven-taught poet, and enchanting strain!"
N. ROCHESTER, Sheriff.
The example of music, as taught by the ancients, justifies us, therefore, in asserting that our sons ought to be instructed not only in things useful and necessary, but in things liberal and honorable. How many, and what things, are, and by what means the taste of them, may be best inspired, and the knowledge of them best communicated, we shall examine hereafter. At present it is sufficient to have proved, by the authority of the ancients, that such things exist, and ought to be objects of our care. This is plain in the case of music; and a little attention will show that it holds true in other studies.
The knowledge of letters is useful in the business of life, in reading and accounts, and innumerable other purposes. But the study of them is not bounded by this vulgar utility. They are preparations for higher branches of science. Drawing also is necessary for the ordinary and coarse purposes above specified; it is, therefore, admitted into the general course of education. But the study of drawing leads to something beyond these vulgar uses; and by familiarising us to the contemplation of beauty; as letters, which are the elements of calculation and composition, terminate in the contemplation of truth. These moral relations, with a condition for short of the perfection of their nature, whose minds have never opened to such sublime pleasures. To be always seeking what is useful, is unworthy of a liberal, and inconsistent with an elevated character.
New York, April 13.
Captain Padlock, from the city of St. Domingo and Porto Rico, informs us, that the Haytian army appeared off St. Carlo the 5th March, and on the same morning shot a French general who was walking on the ramparts. On the 8th they crossed the river, and pitched their tents. On the 11th the French general Debargue, at the head of 400 troops, made a sortie from Fort Carlo, and routed the besiegers (who lost their commander and one hundred troops) after a combat of four hours with the loss of only three men killed, and five wounded, including general Debargue, slightly. On the succeeding day general Ferrand ordered all the shipping to leave the port, on account of the injury they would sustain from the firing of the negroes; and compelled them to take on board all the women and children in the place, and convey them to Porto Rico. Cap. Padlock received six of these unfortunates persons on board his vessel. The garrison at St. Domingo consisted of about 4000 troops, well supplied with arms, ammunition, and provisions; and the commander in chief apprehended no danger from the threatened attack.
Cast Iron Bridge over the Thames.
The arch of this elegant structure is the flattest segment ever built on a large scale, being the segment of a circle of 2.522 feet diameter, the chord or span 180, and the versed sine or height 16 feet; it springs from abutments of stone built on piles, and is 27 feet 2 inches in breadth; it consists of 6 ribs, placed 5 feet asunder, kept in their position by perforated cross bars, placed horizontally at the top and bottom of each arch; it is composed of 396 arch-pieces, 4 feet 7 and a quarter inches long at top, and 4 feet 6 3/8 inches at bottom, 4 feet deep, and 1 1/4 inches thick; they are cast hollow, for the purpose of introducing dowels 4 1/4 inches wide, and 2 inches thick; through these dowels, and also the arch-pieces, are cast holes, into which wedges are driven, which bring the parts into close contact and very considerably lessen the shoot or thrust of the arch. The spandrels are filled up with circles, which diminish from the abutments to the centre: the whole is covered with plates one inch thick, and 2 feet broad, on the ends of which rest the pannels, on which the ballustrade is placed. The whole weight of iron is 270 tons, of which the covering plates weigh 100—the bridge was cast by the Walker of Rotherham, on an improved plan, the invention of which his majesty has been graciously pleased to grant his royal letters patent to Mr. T. Wilson, engineer, of Warrington-bridge, under whose direction the whole iron-work was thrown across the river Thames and completed in less than six months.
The first day the bridge was opened for public use, the commissioners had the pleasure of seeing 160 fat oxen, 10 horses, and a great number of people upon the bridge; at the same time, without producing the least effect upon it; although the trotting of a horse makes it vibrate. The king and royal family passed over in the first four coaches, drawn by four horses each.
Was committed,
TO the jail of Washington county, in the state of Maryland on the 11th instant, on suspicion of being a runaway, a Negro woman, who says she is free, that her name is AGNES, and that she is from Orange county in the state of Virginia, where she lived with a Mr. Kyles—he has a calico short gown and striped country cloth petticoat, has lost one of her under fore teeth, and is about 50 years old—the owner, (if she is a slave) will prove property, pay charges, and take her away, or she will be sold agreeably to law.
N. ROCHESTER, Sheriff.
April 8—w3t
Ten Dollars Reward.
DESSERTED from on board the United States frigate, United States, on Monday the 18th inst. a man named BALDRIE TURREE about 5 feet 6 and one half inches high, straight made, light blue eyes, sandy hair, a little marked with the small-pox, of a brown complexion, speaks little or no English, understands and speaks most all other languages. Whoever apprehends said deserter, and delivers him to the Navy Yard, shall receive the above reward and reasonable charges.
JOHN CASIN, Washington Navy Yard, April 17—3t
NOTICE.
WAS committed to the jail of Frederick county as a runaway, a negro man who calls himself JACK—he is about 22 years old, 5 feet 6 or 7 inches high, light brown hair, and has scars on them occasioned by burns, his lips and clothing are home-made flaxen dyed, a pair of old blue pants, and a home-made lined shirt. His master (whose name he lays is, Laborne, and whom he resembles he lays at Waterloo, Virginia) does not release him, will be sold for his full fees agreeably to law.
GEORGE GREAGER, Sheriff of Frederick county, April 17—w3t
THIRTY DOLLARS REWARD.
Ranaway from the subscriber on Thursday the 11th inst. a negro man named SANDY, 22 years of age, about 5 feet 6 inches high, well made, round brown face and of slight complexion, and short hair, by trade a barber—he was met on the day he absconded between Thomas's ferry and the Rappahannock bridge, with a bridle in his hand; when met he wore a short coat made of grey cloth, and a naked flaxen breeches, white waistcoat and a half worn black hat; it is probable he is lurking about the city of Washington or George town, or may have made for Baltimore. I will give the above reward, if he is secured in my jail without the district if that I get him again, or one half if taken within the district and delivered here all reasonable charges paid in addition.
H. ROSE.
Alexandria, April 17—3t
BY virtue of a writ issued out of the district court of the United States for the district of Columbia, for the county of Washington, at the suit of the President, Directors and Company of the Bank of Columbia—will be exposed to public sale for ready cash on the 21st day of December next, at Wm. Rhodes's tavern in the city of Washington, all the right, title, claim and interest of John P. Van Munching in and to the following property, viz:—Lots no 3, 4, 5 and 6 in sq no 492 Lots no 9 and 10 in sq no 493 Lots no 4, 5, 6 and 7 in sq 494 Lots no 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 in sq 535 Lots no 1 in sq 494 Lots no 463 Lots no 15 in sq no 838 Lots no 5, 6, 9 and 10 in sq no 574 Lots no 3, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 and 19 in sq no 585 Lots no 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 and 19 in sq 587 Lots no 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100 in sq no 836 Lots no 6 and 7 in sq no 256 Lots no 11 in sq no 375 and lots no 13, 14 and 15 in sq no 491 as laid down in the plan of the city of Washington. The sale will commence precisely at 10 o'clock.
DANIEL C. BRENT, Marshal.
October 29—raw4w
The sale of the above property is postponed to the 24th day of April next, on which day the sale will certainly commence precisely at 10 o'clock.
Dec 19—w2.
THIS is to give notice, that the subscriber of George Town, hath obtained from the Orphan's court of Washington county, in the district of Columbia, letters of administration de bonis non, on the personal estate of William Deakens, jun. late of said town deceased. All persons having claims against the said deceased, are hereby warned to exhibit the same with the vouchers thereof to the subscriber at or before the 1st day of October next, they may otherwise by law be excluded from all benefits of the said estate. Given under my hand this 18th day of March, 1805.
JOHN HOYE, admr. d. B. N.
NOTICE.
This is to give notice, that the subscribers of George Town have obtained from the Orphan's court of Washington county in the district of Columbia, letters of administration on the personal estate of Francis Deakens, late of said town deceased. All persons having claims against the said deceased, are hereby warned to exhibit the same with the vouchers thereof, to the subscribers at or before the 1st day of October next, they may otherwise by law be excluded from all benefits of the said estate. Given under our hands this 18th day of March 1805.
JOHN HOYE, and
LEO M. DE KENS Executors. ALL persons indebted to either of the said Deakens's estates, are required to make immediate payment to the administrator and executors.
JOHN HOYE.
March 18—raw4w
This is to give notice that the subscribers of Washington county in the district of Columbia have obtained from the Orphan's court of said county letters of administration with the will annexed, on the personal estate of Col. Charles Beatty late of said county deceased; all persons having claims against the said deceased are hereby warned to exhibit the same, with the vouchers thereof, to the subscribers, at or before the 1st day of November next, they may otherwise by law be excluded from all benefit of the said estate.
Given under our hands this 19th day of March 1805.
CHARLES A. BEATTY, & AB. RITCHIE, Admrs. with the will annexed.
March 20—raw8w

A reward of 50 Dollars will be given for apprehending and prosecuting to conviction the person or persons who on the night of the 5th of March past, broke and destroyed a number of the trees on Pennsylvania avenue. ROBERT BRENT, MAYOR, of the city of Washington. April 12—3t
TO LET. I wish to let for 2 1-2 years the house in which I reside, furnished as it is. The house is large and tolerably convenient; the furniture is new and fashionable. My demand for the whole is 750 dollars per annum, payable quarterly yearly—if more agreeable to the tenant, I will receive the lower room now occupied by me as a store, and deduct 100 dollars from the annual rent. Possession may be had 1st July next. CHARLES LOVE. Georgetown, Jefferson Street. April 12—3t N.B. For sale a large stock of Groceries, by wholesale only.
I have for Sale, 2 hds. Martinique molasses, 2 hds. Brown Sugar, 2 pipes, Holland Gin, 60 barrels New England Rum, 2 hds. Jamaica Rum, 4 quarter casks L.P. Madeira, 4 half pipes Brazil, do. 6 hds. L.P. Teucrium, 1 pipe cargo, do. 1500 bushels Liverpool Salt, 15 boxes fresh Raisins. BULLER COCKE. Navy Yard, April 8—3t
Sale at Auction. The sale of the household furniture advertised for Saturday the 14th instant, being unavoidably postponed, will take place at the well corner house of the six buildings on Wednesday the 17th instant, when the same will positively be sold without reserve as to price. Sale to commence at 11 o'clock. April 15, 1805—3t
Garden Seeds, &c. Theophilus Holt has received his assortment of garden seeds, &c. consisting of most kinds of kitchen garden and flower seeds, physical and pot herb seeds, Lucerne, St. Foin, Burnet seeds, bird seeds, garden tools, viz. hoes and rakes, various sizes, garden shears, reeds and lines, budding and pruning knives, spades, belt, Dutchman mulch by the pound, split peas, &c. &c. for sale at his nursery garden Eastern Branch, City Washington. April 15—6t N.B. The garden seeds and tools may also be had of Mr. Geo. George Town.
NOTICE. THE Subscriber has rented the house in F. Street, adjoining that in which the honorable James Madison resides. He intends pursuing the practice of Physic, Surgery, &c. Those who favor him with their custom, may expect his utmost exertions to render them ample satisfaction in the line of his profession. To such as wish for information respecting his qualifications and character, he only observes, that he finished his medical education under the different professors in the University of Pennsylvania, and has practiced medicine upwards of five years in Martinsburg, state of Virginia. He expects in a few days to add to his present stock of medicine, &c. such articles as will render his assortment complete, and to be able to furnish every article in the apothecary line. THOMAS PATTERSON. City Washington, April 1805—taw3w.
Life of Washington. Gentlemen in Upper Marlboro, Maryland, who signed a subscription per for the above work held by D. VID POUL, Jun. late postmaster of that place, who received the advance money and never remitted one cent to the publisher, will be furnished with their books on applying at John March's bookstore, George Town, or to Mr. G. Hill, bookseller, Baltimore. The Third volume of the above book is published ready for subscribers. April 12—1aw3t
RAGS. THE highest price CASH, given for clean RAGS, by EDGAR PATTERSON, George town, and SAMUEL STETTENUS, near the Centre market, Washington. March 8—tf.
ADAM KING, & Co. AT their wine store in High Street George Town, have in addition to their stock of old wines, laid in a large and general assortment of all kinds of Liquors and Groceries suitable to the present season; where bills of any description, in their line, will constantly be filled up on the shortest notice and they flatter themselves, from the quality of their wines, &c. they will be able to give general satisfaction to all those who may think proper to favor them with a call—where all kind of commission business as usual, will be attended to with the utmost attention, George Town, November 5—tf
STELLE'S HOTEL & CITY TAVERN. THE Subscriber takes this method of thanking his friends and the public for their favors whilst on the Capitol Square and begs leave to acquaint them that having purchased and now occupying the tavern, late Tunnicliff's hotel; which he has commenced enlarging and improving—he respectfully solicits a continuance of the patronage of his friends and the public, assuring them that 'tis his full determination to fit up his present hotel, and to conduct it, as to merit, he hopes, the preference of the public travelling, as well as those coming to the permanent seat of the Government of our Land of Liberty. PONTIUS D. STELLE, Washington City, March 25—tf
THE subscribers have opened a GROCERY STORE in the house near the Capitol, lately occupied by Mr. JAMES D. BARN—where they have for sale, low, for cash or in exchange for country produce. Genuine Cogniac brandy, Inferior French do. Old Jamaica spirits, Madeira, Sherry, } Wines, by the quarter cask Lisbon, } and case, or smaller quantity. Claret, Brown Sugar, 1st and 2d quality. Loaf and Lump, do. Molasses, Firkim Butter, Mould Candles, Sweet Oil, Spices of different kinds, Fig Blue, Starch, Almonds, Anchovies, } In bottles. Capers, } Powder and Shot, Excellent Wine Vinegar, Gin, Whiskey, Hylon, } Teas, fresh, and of superior quality. Imperial, } Young Hylon, } Salt Herrings in Barrels. PRIER REALE, & Co. Washington October 31—tf
For SALE or RENT. THE Tavern for some years past occupied by PONTIUS D. STELLE, is situated on the Capitol Hill, and well calculated for a large and extensive business the situation is well known. Possession can be had after the 15th of April next—for terms apply to DANIEL CARROLL, of Duddington. Washington, March 21—1m
CHARLES H. VARDEN, MERCHANT TAILOR. Has received from Philadelphia a handsome assortment of FALL goods, consisting of the best London and French superfine cloths, cashmere, patent Bennet's cord, toilets, fancy and white Marcellas, black and figured silk, moleskins, fancy silk, Marcellas, constitution cords, velvets, Genoa cord, silk and fatin Florentines, superfine coating, knapped cloths, with a variety of other articles suitable for the winter season. N. B. Ladies habits, regimentals, and navy uniforms made in the best style of fashion. New Jersey avenue near the Capitol, December 10—tf
V. NDUE. TO BE SOLD on the 15th day of April next at STELLE'S HOTEL, Capitol Hill—a variety of Household Furniture, consisting of Beds and Furniture, with a large collection of other furniture, belonging to the Hotel, too numerous to mention—All sums under 100 dollars cash, and above, nine months credit, the purchaser giving approved notes with endorsers, on the bank of this place, or George Town, no article to be removed till settled for. Sale to commence at 10 o'clock. Washington, March 22—tdf
A SALL, ON Monday the 15th day of April next, a 12 o'clock if fair, if not the next fair day. The subscriber living on the premises, will offer at public sale to the highest bidder, a valuable TRACT OF LAND. Containing 275 acres, lying in Charles county state of Maryland, within half a mile of Nanjemoy Creek—about one half of the tract is cleared and under a good fence, the other half well wooded. It abounds in never failing springs of water. The soil is well adapted to tobacco, corn and wheat. The improvements are a large comfortable dwelling house, with other necessary buildings. The neighborhood consists of a general society of people, and the situation is pleasant and healthy. There are two mills for the grinding of grain, near to the said land; one within 1/4 and the other within 3/4 of a mile, with many other conveniences and advantages which it is considered unnecessary to mention in an advertisement, as those inclined to purchase may be more satisfactorily informed by viewing the land, &c. The terms will be made known on the day of sale, or at any time previous thereto by application to JOSEPH ELGIN. March 27—tdf
FOR SALE. Eight hundred acres of Land. IN Fauquier county state of Virginia, known by the name of Oakland Farm, distance about 22 miles from Fredericksburg, and the same from Dumfries. About three hundred acres of this land are under a fine growth of oak and hickory timber. The cleared land is included and well adapted to the culture of corn, wheat and tobacco, it is finely watered by a number of never failing springs, dispersed in such a manner in four separate inclosures, as to afford water for stock in great plenty. On the premises are a small mill and distillery, a strong frame dwelling house 44 feet by 20, finished in a plain and elegant style, a stone spring house completely finished, scullery and framing, sufficient for a kitchen and smoke house. Any person inclining to purchase will be shown the land by Mr. Levan Oliver who lives near the place—the terms may be known by an application to Mr. John Love of said county and the title confirmed by the subscriber living in the city of Washington, district of Columbia. THOMAS THORPE. April 3—tf
Valuable Land for Sale. The executors of the last will and testament of Anthony Holmead deceased, will sell at private sale about forty acres of Land adjoining the city of Washington at the northern extremity of 20th street west. This land is generally allowed to be one of the handsomest situations near the city, having a beautiful prospect of nearly the whole of the city of Washington, Alexandria and George Town, and any person inclined to purchase this valuable property, will be shown the same, and know the terms by application to the subscriber near the premises JOHN HOLMEAD.
PROPOSALS For carrying mails of the United States on the following post roads will be received at the General Post Office until the 20th day of April next. 1. From Washington city to Halifax old c. h. once a week, estimated at 240 miles in three days. Leave Washington every Saturday at 6 a. m. and arrive at Halifax old c. h. on Monday by 8 p. m. Leave Halifax old c. h. every Tuesday at 4 a. m. and arrive at Washington on Thursday by 6 p. m. 2. From Halifax old c. h. Va. to Pickenville S. C. once a week, estimated at 276 miles, in 3 1-2 days. Leave Halifax old c. h. every Tuesday at 4 a. m. and arrive at Pickenville the next Friday by 10 a. m. Leave Pickenville every Friday at 2 p. m. and arrive at Halifax old town on Monday by 8 p. m. 3. From Pickenville to Coweta, Indiantown on Chatahoochy river, estimated at 280 miles, in 3 1-2 days. Leave Pickenville every Friday at 2 p. m. and arrive at Coweta the next Monday by 6 p. m. Leave Coweta every Tuesday at 4 a. m. and arrive at Pickenville the next Friday by 10 a. m. 4. From Coweta on Chatahoochy to Fort Stoddert once a week, estimated at 246 miles, in 3 1-2 days. Leave Coweta every Tuesday at 4 a. m. and arrive at Fort Stoddert the next Friday by 10 a. m. Leave Fort Stoddert every Friday at 2 p. m. and arrive at Coweta the next Monday by 6 p. m. 5. From Fort Stoddert to New Orleans once a week, estimated at 221 miles, in 3 days. Leave Fort Stoddert every Friday at 2 p. m. and arrive at New Orleans the next Monday by 2 p. m. Leave New Orleans every Tuesday at 10 a. m. and arrive at Fort Stoddert the next Friday by 10 a. m. NOTE. The contracts are to be in operation on the first day of May next and are to continue in force until the 1st day of July 1806, on the usual penalties for failures and delays and other conditions. GIBSON GRANGER, Postmaster-General.
General Post-office, March 18, 1805—taw3w
One Hundred Dollars Reward. ON Friday evening the 22nd inst. ROBERT W. PEACOCK, confined in the Jail of Washington County of the District of Columbia, upon a conviction of forgery at December Term, 1804, escaped from said Jail. He was before this conviction a practicing Attorney in the City of Washington, and is very well known in Virginia and Maryland, having resided in both. He is a stout man, 5 feet 10 or 11 inches high, about 34 or 35 years of age, looks young of his age, has blue eyes, full face, fair and ruddy complexion, light hair, which he wears tied behind. He is also very much inclined to corpulency. Whoever apprehends the said felon, and secures him in any Jail, so that I get him again, shall receive the above reward from DANIEL C. BRENT, Marshal of the District of Columbia. March 25—tf
Twenty Dollars Reward. RANAWAY from the subscriber on the night of the 1st. instant, two negro men, viz. negro BEN about 20 years of age, stout made, a large mouth, with extreme flat nose, a fear on one of his arms occasioned by a burn (not recollected which), also a fresh scar on his left leg occasioned by a scallop, he is about 5 feet 7 or 8 inches high, clothing not recollected—also negro BOB, about 18 years of age, tolerable well made, a thin visage, about 5 feet 3 or 4 inches high, clothing not recollected—Any person bringing said negroes home if taken in the county 6 dollars, if within 30 miles from home 10 dollars, if 60 miles from home 8 dollars each, and if out of the state the above reward. WILLIAM HARRISON. Charlotte Hall, Saint Mary's county, Maryland, April 15—5t
100 hundred dollars reward. STOLEN from the stable of the subscriber, near Baltimore, last night, a large bay horse, about 6 or 7 years old, near 16 hands high, has been entirely used as a carriage horse, and has the hair rubbed off in several places by the harness, particularly on his rump; one of his hind feet lock joints had been hurt when a colt, and appears stiff, is remarkable for not bearing the whip, will kick up his heels when struck, trots very rough and hard, also paces. The thief is supposed to be a tall man, who was seen lurking about the place, had on a drab great coat, and half boots, sandy hair, &c. He also stole an old saddle with plated stirrups, and old bridle. Whoever takes up the horse and thief, and delivers the horse to the subscriber, and convicts the thief of stealing the horse, shall be entitled to the above reward. SAMUEL N. SMITH. Baltimore, 27 March, 1805.
Judge WILSON'S Works. Just Published, and for sale by Rapine, Conrad, & Co. NEAR THE CAPITOL. THE works of the Hon. James Wilson, L. L. D. late one of the Associate Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States, and professor of Law in the College of Philadelphia, 3 vols. with an elegant portrait of the author. This valuable work contains the learned author's Lectures on Law and other works connected therewith, of which he takes a most comprehensive view, and ably explains that intricate science. March 20—taw3w
NOTICE. A Salary of three hundred and thirty-three dollars, in addition to bed, board and washing, will be given to a single man, well recommended, who is willing to engage as a TUTOR, in a private family, 5 miles from Peterburg in Virginia; the year to commence the first of June next. If the postage be paid, letters addressed to G. M. near Peterburg, Virginia, will be attended to. The person offering his services is desired to state what he is qualified to teach. April 5—taw3t
A List of Letters remaining in the Post Office at Washington city on the 1st day of April 1805.
A.—Gen. Ira Allen, 2, John Arthur, John Armstrong, Edward Ambush, Peter Abbott, George Adams. B.—Peyton Bell, captain James Barron, James Brice, B. Breuil, Esq. Wm. Bowning, Zaccheus Biggs, Esq. Wm. Proctor Bowhay, Wm. Byrne, Richard E. Bealle, Charles D. Brodie, Eliza Baker, Henry Brooke, jun. John Bowman, jun. 3, David Brodie, Esq. Monsieur Blekei, Clement Brooke, Alexander Brent, John Biot, 4, Miss Ann H. Baker, Mr. James Buchanan, Philip T. Baker, Esq. 3, Wm. Burris, major Barry, Wm. Bayly 3, Philip Byerly, Mrs. Loveday Buchanan. C.—Mr. Calla, Mrs. Zeporah Coming, Wm. C. Cox, 2, Ira Coale, John Coffigan, Henry L. Callis, John Collins, Wm. Carroll, James A. Cressap, 2, captain John Cooper, Zachariah Cox, Thomas Cross, doctor Richard Chew, major James Clayland. D.—Silas Dinmore, Esq. Bernard Berlin, Lorenz Dow, John Darby, 2, Henry Dunlap, Benjamin Dunlany, Esq. E.—Monsieur Eaton, Andrew Ellison, James Eason, Evan Evans, lieutenant Samuel Elbert, Mr. Rufus Elliot. F.—Mr. Solomon Fowler, captain Joshua Farnham, Mr. Fowle, Esq. Charles F., Charles French. G.—Lieutenant H. R. Graham, James Good, Esq. Wm. Gwynn, Esq. Mr. Jacob Glover, Mr. John Gordon. H.—Mr. John Harris, doctor Grafton, D. Hanson, Jacob W. Hallet, Esq. Mrs. Margaret Hughtrop, John H. Fly, John Hall, Mr. John Hewitt, Mr. John Hopkins, lieutenant J. M. Haiswell, Wm. Hale, Esq. Silas Haisley, Esq. I.—Mr. Wm. Jackson, Mr. Jones, author of the Mystery, Mr. John Innes, 2, Charles Jones, Esq. 3, captain Samuel D. Ingham, Mr. Thomas Jarliff. K.—Mr. Francis Kirby, doctor John Kittredge, Mr. James Kennedy. L.—Mr. Thomas Lane, 2, Monsieur Lothon, 2, Mr. Thomas Lloyd, Opia Lindia, Esq. Mr. Isaac Lewis, care of John Lewis. M.—Duncan M'Farland, Monsieur Maurice, Wm. Mattox, James M'Clay, Alexander Mackay, Joshua Masters, Esq. Mr. Thomas B. Morris, jun. Samuel M'Cloud, Wm. Magill, Henry Lyne Martin, Esq. doctor Thomas Marshall, Mr. Daniel May, Mr. James M'Kim, jun. Wm. M'Nichol, A. M'Henry, Esq. Mr. Thomas Macken. N.—Mr. John Nelson, Mr. Wm. L. Naylor, Robert Nafin, Mr. Richard Nelson. P.—Mr. David Pollock, Mr. Wm. Prentiss, 2, Lawson Pearson, Mr. James Peed, 2, John Parker, Mr. Du Pont, Mr. Richard Potts. Q.—Henry M. Queen. R.—Mr. Alexander E. Rose, George Read, Esq. 2, Peres Robinson, Thomas B. Reed, Edmund Randolph, Esq. Miss Milly Ross, Rev. Thomas Rawlins. S.—Mr. Michael Scott, Mr. Henry Salvy, jan. Monsieur Le Docteur Scott, Mr. Wm. Smith, Mr. Samuel Southwick, Mr. Oliver Slotton, Mr. David Smylie, Mr. Philip Spalding, Mr. John J. Stall, Miss Patience Smith, Mr. John Shyrer, Betsey Shannon, Richard Stockton, Esq. Mr. Abraham Shirley, Godfrey Smith, Mrs. Elizabeth Shorter, Mr. Joshua Saffentall, 3, Alexander J. Scott, Mr. Wm. Sherard. T.—Miss Mary Taylor, care of Mr. Cranch, Mr. Joseph Turner, Mr. Wm. Tunnicliff, Mr. John Townsend, Clement Thomas, colonel Samuel Tule, Mr. John B. Treat, 2, Mrs. Mary Tippet. W.—Mr. Joseph Skelton Watson, Miss Eleanor Lee Wallace, Mr. Wm. Worthington, Mr. G. J. Williams, Mr. John White, Mr. Richard J. Wheatley, Benton White, Mr. Joshua Whitney, lieutenant Leonard Williams, Miss Prudence Williams, Mr. Frederick Weber, Mr. Samuel Whann, Mr. Conrad Webb, doctor James Wallis. Y.—Mr. Charles Young.
City Lots for Sale.
THE undermentioned lots of ground are offered for sale, either separately or by squares, on liberal terms either for cash or on credit—they are all free from mortgage or incumbrance, and are subject to no litigation or contest, as the titles are derived by immediate conveyances from the chancellor of Maryland and the commissioners of Washington, to Messrs. Henry Pratt, Thomas Willing Francis, John Miller, junior, John Ashley and Jacob Baker, trustees of the Aggregate Fund. Square No. 54 Lot no. 9 iq 72, Lots no. 2 4 8 10 12 13 14 15 18 iq 84 Lot no. 1 Sq 85 Lots no. 20 21 22—Sq 103 Lots no. 7 8—Sq 145 Lots no. 1 2 3 8—Sq 146 Lots no. 1 2 3—Sq 147 Lot no. 4—Sq 163 Lots no. 5 6 7 12 13 14—Sq 238 Lots no. 6 7 10 11 12 15 16—Sq 293 Lots no. 1 2 3 7 8 11 12 13 18—Sq 349 Lots no. 1 2 3—Sq 376 Lots no. 16 17 18—Sq 407 Lots no. 3 4 7 8 9 17 18—Sq 487 Lots no. 5 6 7 10—Sq 488 Lots 8 9 13 Sq 489 Lots 5 6 9 Sq 491 Lots no. 11 12 16 19 20 24—Sq 493 Lots no. 7 8—Sq 494 Lots no. 8 9 10—Sq 531 Lots 3 4 8 11 12 13 14 Sq 533 Lots no. 13 15 16 17—Sq 584 Lots no. 1 2 3 4 21 22 23 24—Sq 588 whole square. Part of 590 whole square. Sq 635 Lots no. 1 2 3 5 6 9 19—Sq 638 Lots no. 1 2 3—Sq 639 Lot no. 1—Sq 640 Lots no. 1 2 3 4 10 12 13 14 15 16 17—Sq 641 whole square—Sq 642 Lots no. 1 6 7 8 9 10 12 13 14 19—Part of 643 Lot no. 2—South of 643 Lots no. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 28—Sq 644 Lots no. 1 5 7—West of 645 whole square—Sq 878 Lots no. 16 17 18 19 20—Sq 973 Lots no. 4 5 6 7 8 20 21—Sq 995 Lots no. 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18—South of 1019 Lots no. 1 2 4—Sq 1020 Lots no. 1 2 3 4 5 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38—Sq 1021 Lot no. 1—Sq 1022 Lot no. 2—Sq 1023 Lots no. 4 5 7 8 9 10—Sq 1024 Lots no. 1 2 3 7—Sq 1045 Lots no. 9 10 12—Sq 1046 Lots no. 2 14 15—Sq 1047 Lots no. 7 8 9 10 12 13 19 20—Sq 1048 Lots no. 7 8 9 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23.
Bank of Columbia. THE Board of Directors having this day declared a dividend for the half year ending the 20th inst. at the rate of Eight per cent. per annum. The same will be paid to the Stockholders or their representatives, on or after Wednesday the 20th inst. WILLIAM WHANN, Cashier. March 18—6w
100 DOLLARS REWARD. RANAWAY, two months ago, about the middle of November, a Negro Man, named TOM DANIAL, five feet ten inches high, black complexion, has lost some of his jaw teeth, very knock kneed, about 45 years of age. It is supposed that he has made to the northward, and has a free pass. He took with him a gray mare, and is very fond of driving a cart—Apply to RALPH LANE, Centreville, Fairfax county, Virginia.
Twenty Dollars Reward. RANAWAY from the subscriber, on the road leading from George Town to Montgomery court house, in Montgomery county, on the 12th inst. a negro man, named DICK, about 40 years of age, 5 feet 10 or 11 inches high; had on and took with him a white shirt, a pair of new boots, two cambric handkerchiefs, a bersey jacket and pantaloons very much worn, a new pair of shoes, a pair of saddle bags, and other articles unknown. Was formerly the property of the widow Fureh, living in the Federal City, and he has got a wife at Kenley Beall's, living at Montgomery county, six miles from Montgomery court house. Whoever takes up said negro, if ten miles from home, shall receive 5 dollars, if twenty miles, 10 dollars, and so in proportion to the distance, if brought home, and all reasonable charges paid by me. JOHN BENSON, near the mouth of Monocacy. N. B. Masters of vessels are forewarned from taking away or harboring said negro. April 10th—3t
Traveller's Hall. THE subscriber tenders his sincere thanks to his friends for the very liberal encouragement which they have bestowed on him. He will finish one of his new rooms in a few weeks, which will be large enough to dine near 200 persons at a time, and will shortly after have the remainder of his additional building completed, which will give him a front of near 100 feet, in the most agreeable part of the town, and in the centre of business being on the highest part of the public square. He has on hand, and has contracted for a constant supply of the best wines, and foreign spirituous liquors imported, and country provisions, stable forage, foreign & state newspapers—and has secured a quantity of liquors sufficient for the use of his table and bar during the season. He affures his friends, and that respectable part of the public who have patronized him, that there shall be nothing wanting which his time or purse will command, to render the TRAVELLER'S HALL a house of entertainment for genteel guests only, equal to any in America. R. BRADLEY. Lexington, Kentucky, March 1st. 1805. N. B. A stage runs from the Traveller's Hall to the Olympian Springs in the summer, and to Frankfort during the session of the Legislature. March 27—ep3m.
The subscribers has just laid in, and have for sale, at their Warehouse on the New Jersey avenue, near Barry's wharf, a quantity of superfine FLOUR for family use, Corn, Corn meal, Chopt corn, Oats, Shorts, Bran, Salt, &c. &c. All of which they will sell on reasonable terms for cash. PETER MILLER, EBENEZER RICHARDSON. Washington, March 15—3td6w
NOTICE. THIS is to give notice that the subscriber has obtained from the Orphans Court of Prince George's county in Maryland, letters of administration on the personal estate of Hyram Drane late of said county deceased; all persons having claims against the said deceased are hereby warned to exhibit them to the subscriber properly authenticated on or before the twentieth day of September next, they may otherwise by law be excluded from all benefit of said estate. RICHARD W. BRASHERS, Adm'r. April 1—3w
NEW STORE. BY WHOLESALE AND RETAIL. The subscriber informs the public that he has commenced business in the house formerly occupied by MR. QUINN, F. Street; And has on hand, a general assortment dry goods, Groceries, wines and spirituous liquors. Porter, Hardware and Cutlery, Queensware, China and Glass, Flour, Corn, and Corn-meal, Oats, and Chopped rye, Candles and Soap by the box, Country whiskey by the barrel, and few casks of genuine old Irish whiskey All of which he will sell low for cash or country produce. The HIGHEST prices, given for country produce, CASH. FRANCIS CLARK. Aug. 29—wtf
FOR RENT. THAT large and convenient three story BRICK TAVERN, in the city of Washington, fronting on the President's Square, lately occupied by Mr. W. A. Rhodes. To a good tenant it will be let on very low terms, and immediate possession given. For terms apply near the George Town college, to MARY ANN FENWICK. March 13—taw3t
TO LET. THE House now in the occupation of Mr. JOHN WALL, situated on Eleven h Street, west, between the Branch Bank and Theatre, containing 10 rooms, piazza and portico, carriage house, stable, smoke house, pump, of good water, and a good garden. Possession may be had immediately. For terms apply to the subscriber near the premises. PETER LENOX. March 13—taw3t