The national intelligencer and Washington advertiser. (Washington City [D.C.]), 1809-08-28 00:00:00

National Intelligencer.
WASHINGTON ADVERTISER.
WASHINGTON CITY, PRINTED BY SAMUEL HARRISON SMITH, PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE.
NO. 1385.
MONDAY, AUGUST 28, 1809.
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MANIFESTO
OF THE SPANISH NATION TO EUROPE. [CONCLUDED.]
Thus, after having exhausted every thing that perfidy contains most vile, and avarice most odious, these insolent sophists still dared to speak of constitution, laws and reformation; and not being able to show any title whatever, either just or apparent, for their usurpation, they wished to gild it over, by giving themselves the specious name of public reformers. But a nation of twelve millions of souls does not require tutors. And, great God, what tutors! The same persons, who, after having constituted themselves the defenders of rights and principles, only boast of trampling them under foot, both within and without France. Who are these instructors? They are persons who have never made a law, which they have not abrogated; never a Constitution which they have not destroyed; never a government, which they have not rendered infamous and corrupt; persons, who have committed & suffered cruelties without end, to establish a liberty, which they knew not how to enjoy, have finished their career by becoming the vile instruments of the most insensate ambition that has ever existed in the world, from the days of Tamerlane, until the present time.
The last chapter of their history, the last exploit of their heroism, is to deceive a good King, who, confiding in a security, which not even the fire-branders of the desert would dare to invade, puts himself into their hands, and is immediately stripped of his crown, deprived of his Liberty, and his very life threatened. Then, because of the people owing to a love for their king dissenting to so unjust an usurpation, they suddenly give the signal for slaughter and spring like tigers upon their guests and friends. And, these people belong to a nation which called herself civilized! and these are the persons that proclaim themselves the heroes of Europe! They are a banditti, not warriors, savage monsters, not men; against whom every means of vengeance, and every way to extermination, however horrible, however unexampled, are authorised in equity and in justice.
The Spanish nation, thus insulted in the persons of her Princes, thus sold in her confidence, and so unkindly recompensed for her hospitality, suddenly cried out aloud, and ran to arms in a body, in order to defend her liberty, and chastise those barbarians. In vain did the advocates of the usurpation bring before their eyes the immense power of the tyrant, the great discipline of his troops, their unparalleled dexterity in mischief. Men, who being so inhumanly treated, can coolly calculate on the risks of vengeance, are either cowards or traitors, and in either cases are wretches. But even the calculations of egotism badly agreed, on this occasion, with the infamy of suffering. What, said the good men, will it avail us, if, seduced by the love of peace, we should now remain silent, and should receive the yoke which is presented to us. Will we, for this reason, cease to suffer the rapacity of these plunderers of the globe, who are come to deprive us of the riches, which we have accumulated in our country by a century of peace? Will we cease to be the vassals of a subaltern, a petty king, placed here to communicate to us the decrees of the tyrant? Will, in short, our youth cease to be dragged to foreign countries, to plunder and cut the throats of nations, who have done them no injury, as we here see the wretched conscripts of Italy and Germany? No: since a sacrifice of blood is absolutely necessary, it is better to offer it as a Holocaust to our country, than to the ambition of a tyrant. It is better to struggle and die within sight of our parents upon the bank of the Tagus, the Gaudiquiver, and the Ebro, than to go and stain with blood the frozen and remote borders of the Vistula and the Danube.
Having taken this generous resolution, the provinces armed, proclaimed anew the king to whom they had sworn obedience, and sallied forth to meet the phalanxes of the French, which were already extended throughout them. Nothing could resist their impetuosity in the beginning: twenty-three thousand men the flower of the French army, headed by one of their best Generals, are routed in the plains of Bailen, and forced to surrender themselves prisoners. Valencia receives at her walls the attack of Moncey, and drives him to the centre of the French army then established at Madrid. Farther on, the Catalonians, notwithstanding that the fortresses of Figueras & Barcelona were occupied by the enemy, make within sight of them a vigorous insurrection; Manresa and Gerona are the rocks upon which the divisions sent from Barcelona to reduce them, split, and also the graves which opened to receive them. In short, Sarragossa, open on all sides, without any other defence than the breasts of her inhabitants, resists the anger of Napoleon, who like a demon of hell, fulminated from Bayonne desolation and destruction upon an hitherto harmless people, whose sole crimes was their loyalty to their king. The shells, the balls, and all the warlike instruments sent there, were taken from our magazines of Pampelona, and the ammunition made by us for our defence, having been treacherously sold and perfidiously seized, served, Oh horror! to our destruction, and was discharged against Spainards. But the Arragonese, who undertook the defence of their unprotected city, when fortified towns, under the same circumstances, might have surrendered with honor, the Arragonese then saved their capitol, which points out the blood in its streets by inscriptions of victory, and the ruins of its houses, by splendid trophies.
In fine, the French repulsed on all sides, shamefully took to flight, and encamped on the banks of the Ebro. Protected there by the fortresses, which they at first seized so perfidiously, they waited for the reinforcements which Napoleon promised them, and with them returned to the contest, in hopes of better success. The Spanish nation, of character and principle, free from the falsehood of the French, does not dissemble to Europe, that in the second epoch, she was not so much favored by Providence as in the first. Our troops have paid a tribute to their experience, and in consequence of the successes at Espinosa, Burgos and Tudela, the enemy again took possession of the capitol. With their accustomed arrogance, they were already shouting for victory, as if the whole monarchy were comprehended within the precincts of Madrid; and if credit can be given to their fallacious accounts, our troops are all dispersed like smoke, and Spain no longer possesses either forces to oppose her enemies, authority to direct her councils, nor resources to preserve her from annihilation. Whereas, the government which the nation has chosen, never found more respect, more adherence, nor more zeal: at their voice the provinces have redoubled their efforts; and new enlistments, new donations, and new sacrifices immediately flocked to supply the vacancy occasioned by these losses. The French, instead of triumphing as they imagined, instead of spreading through the country, to plunder and lay waste, according to custom, find themselves surrounded by other armies, and forced to re-unite, in order to try the chances of new combats. Let the tyrant be undeceived; however, numerous his intrigues, however great the advantages he may gain over us, he will never deprive us of the hatred to French dominion which fires the breast of every Spaniard, nor of the indefatigable perseverance, with which we will hasten to repair the caprice of fortune.
Such was the origin of the war, which the French, now prosecute in Spain: a war commenced in a most barbarous manner, without an explanation, without preparation, without a pretext: in which, as if we Spaniards did not belong to a civilized people, no rule established by the law of nations among those which are so, is observed. In order to point out to the world the justice of our cause, we have no necessity to recur to our subtleties of public law, nor to diplomatic cavils about articles of treaties. In
peaceable traveller, who is treacherously attacked by his companion, converted into an assassin, needs but a few words to justify his defence:— the law of nature prescribes it, instinct advises it, fury and vengeance administer it. We saw ourselves robbed of our Princes, attacked within our houses, our laws and institutions threatened; we saw those very persons, who were received and entertained like guests and friends, within our hospitable walls, stain them with the blood of the inhabitant and profane them with the violation of the mothers and daughters, who suffered all the excesses of their half-murdered fathers and husbands; children nailed to the bayonets, and carried in triumph like military trophies: the sanctuary of the temples sacrilegiously plundered, and bathed with the blood of their defenceless priests, murdered within them. Thus injured, thus attacked in this unheard of, this cruel manner, what other alternative remained to us, but to defend ourselves, and by death to triumph? We must have been still more base than what the tyrant can wish us, to forget what were our ancestors, what we were ourselves: we were unwilling to appear unworthy of them, to be the contempt of Europe, or the minions of Napoleon.
After having trampled under foot every principle of equity and justice, he wishes also to change at his caprice, the meaning of the words: he calls us insurgents and traitors; and, as such, excludes us from the conferences of peace, which he has so insidiously proposed to England. But under what pretext, or with what right does he deprive the Spanish nation of its character of Potentate? Is it, forsooth, by that which is given to him by the renunciations of Bayonne, taken by force and evidently null? But the design of seizing and usurping the throne of Spain, was irrevocably determined, and commenced in its execution before these renunciations were made, and even before the memorable events of March. The documents which accompany this Manifesto, the originals of which the Supreme Junta keep in their possession, evidently prove it, and deprive our enemies of that miserable subterfuge, invented to fascinate the unwary. Insolence and effrontery created by power and fortune, in him, who recognizes no other law than force, could alone call insurrection, a resistance against so unjust aggression, and give the name of rebellion to an obedience to the laws and authorities of the country. But no one in Europe believes it, and no one but a madman can deny, that this universal and magnanimous opposition is the will of an entire nation, which aspires to defend its honor and independence. How else, explain this political phenomenon, as astonishing as it is singular, that almost in one day, with the same spirit, in the same manner, and under the same form of government, so many different provinces should rise, without previous preparation, without any communication whatever among themselves? How explain the establishment of the central government, to which they all so anxiously contributed: which tranquilly exercises its authority, in the name of the detained Monarch, and is equally respected and obeyed, in times of trouble and affliction and in those of glory and success.
In vain do the French, in their servile Gazettes and contradictory accounts, describe us as delivered up to the horrors of anarchy, and agitated with the fanatic convulsions of an exaggerated liberty. They looked upon us as vile and abject slaves, they found us to be men, and they call us rebels. But let the impostors know, that Spaniards only live for their king and country: that their sole ambition is to effect the liberty of the one and the independence of the other; that their only intention is to maintain the fundamental laws of their kingdom, which Napoleon wishes insensibly to overthrow. Let them know, that we are neither fanatics nor madmen; and that, in the same manner as we have resisted the shameful servitude, which they wished to impose upon us, we will be able to appreciate the political intrigues which, step by step, have led France to the feet of the execrable despot, who now oppresses her.
But this dreadful contest in which Spain has by herself engaged, does not interest her alone. Sovereigns of Europe, insulted and derided nations
oppressed and tyrannized over by the French, will you look with indifference upon the only opportunity which is offered to you, of recovering your power, of revenging your injuries, of re-establishing the equilibrium which has cost you so many combinations, such torrents of blood? The power and ambitious designs of Charles V. and his son made you unite to restrain them, and you were at length enabled to preserve the political liberty of Europe, which was threatened by them. The pompous ambition of Louis XIV. called forth the same exertions; and notwithstanding half a century of triumphs and victories he was at length obliged to yield to the nations united against him. Another tyrant, still more terrible, has oppressed some, subjugated others, and insulted all of you. And will you not renew those noble efforts to avert danger and to shake off slavery?
For fifteen years the ambition of the French now agitates and destroys Italy. Become the theatre of a most bloody war, she has seen all the fruits of the prolonged peace which she had enjoyed, vanish from before her: every sublime monument which the genius of arts had deposited in her land, carried off to satisfy the pride of one, who is unable to imitate them: the limits and equilibrium of her different states, broken and destroyed; herself destined, like us, to be divided into provinces, to satiate the ambition, recompense the iniquities, and content the unbridled luxury of these ravagers of the world.—Listen, Italians, to the voice of a nation, with which, in other times, you were so intimately connected: recal to your minds the days when your banners, your troops being united with ours, we humbled the pride of France, on the banks of the Garigliano, and in the plains of Pavia. Spain claims not the power she then possessed over you. To an union she loudly calls you, and with her to liberty. Make such regulations as will render you respectable: oppose another barrier to the ambitious progress of this Colossus; and Spain, seconding your efforts, will bless the day when she can salute you as an independent, great and powerful nation.
Switzerland has to deplore the same evils, the same insults, and perhaps still greater losses. Her liberty and the simplicity of her manners supplied the deficiency of fertility and the roughness of her soil. Happy with her independence and her virtues, notwithstanding her poverty, she envied not the most powerful and opulent nations. Her vicinity to France has been her destruction: war has ruined her, as it has Italy. Converted into a barracks for soldiers, despoiled of the riches, which the industry and economy of the inhabitants had amassed in some of her cities, and become the play thing of French intrigue, the venerable laws of her confederation, respected by time and by men, have on a sudden been overthrown, to receive in their stead a constitution, made at the will of France. Of what avail is the vain name of Republic, which the condescension of the tyrant still permits her to preserve? Her precarious situation leaves to the Swiss no other alternative to maintain the name and independence of Helvetia, than to unite with those nations which aspire to preserve themselves from the destructive vortex of French ambition.—If their poverty has till now prevented their being reduced to a kingdom, and given as a present, to some relation or favorite; to morrow they will be the spoils of some insolent wretch, who may wish to trample under foot the liberty and glory which sixty battles purchased to their ancestors.
Holland can by no means emerge from the contempt and ignominy into which she is plunged. Destitute of navigation, commerce and colonies, deprived of her constitution and her laws, forced to acknowledge and give the title of king to a man who possesses neither virtue, talents nor glory, she must either basely consent to be entirely struck out of the political world, or must appeal to the just, the holy insurrection, to which every thing invites her. The whole of Germany has seen her system of confederation overturned by intrigue, her liberties invaded, the emporiums of her commerce plundered, and her cities desolated by a cruel war. The small states of that part of the world have enjoyed a momentary satisfaction in seeing the great humbled; but when
these shall have entirely disappeared, who will be able to preserve them from the destruction to which they are hurrying! The political barriers, which existed between their interests and those of France, are already removed by the monstrous confederation of the Rhine. The chief of that confederation, more oppressive, more powerful one hundred times than the former chief of the Germanic empire, will make that alliance, like all those concluded between the weak and the strong, a contract between a slave and a tyrant.
Is it possible that Austria can any longer doubt as to the path she is to pursue? Can the misfortunes of the last war, the offspring of surprise and intrigue, not of skill & valor, deter her from entering those lists, in which she has contended with so much flexibility, fought with so much glory? After having engaged in three great, three bloody wars for the aggrandizement of her power, the acquisition of glory, will she cease to exert herself, when upon her exertions her very existence depends? Let her remember with what perfidy Napoleon lulled to sleep Prussia, in order to humble her at Ulm and at Austerlitz. Let her bring to mind, how she availed herself of the inactivity of Austria, that upon the plains of Jena, the fate of Prussia hung in the balance. His fortune he has founded upon the division of these two powers: he has weakened the one, destroyed the other, and heaped contumely upon both. Those rivalships must now cease. It is time to discover that France, the natural enemy of all nations, cannot be restrained except by a coalition of them all. If Austria wishes to avenge her insults, to repair her losses, and preserve her political existence, the present is the time to effect it, whilst the attention of the enemy is diverted in such distant quarters. Formerly united with Spain, they together checked the impetuosity of this ever restless, ever ambitious people.—Spain now invites her to war against the common enemy, and invites her with the energy, the eagerness of a nation mortally wounded in her honor, and threatened with destruction. They will both struggle for their existence. If Spain is destroyed, Austria sinks.
Russia, trusting to the immense extent, to the remoteness of her territories, can, in all appearance, live without fears, and treat upon a footing of equity with the oppressor of the other powers. But when she shall have suffered him to aggrandize himself with the spoils of the rest of the continent, when her indifference or bad policy shall have permitted the empires of the West and South to be united under one authority, then she will have to add to the destruction of her commerce, the degradation of submitting to the commands of Napoleon. Let not the emperor Alexander confide either in promises or treaties, which are no longer complied with, than whilst it is the interest of the parties, nor to demonstrations of friendship, which perfidy can always command. Let her contemplate the fate of three Sovereigns, the most intimate friends of that vile man.—Let the ruin of the Supreme Pontiff, who sanctioned his exaltation, the degradation of the king of Prussia, who gave him his preponderance in Germany, and his perfidy to the king of Spain, who sacrificed every thing to his designs, be a lesson and a warning to those who can still trust to his insidious caresses. Europe recognizes in Alexander a heart both generous and magnanimous. Why shall a monarch of his principles and virtues unite with a tyrant so iniquitous, so unjust? Why shall he become the accomplice of his crimes and usurpations? Why shall he contribute by his indifference to the destruction of the Spanish nation? Spain has not offended him: with her preservation is interwoven the glory of his empire, and together with Russia, she was destined to preserve the political equilibrium of Europe.
Yes, Princes and nations of the continent: your preservation depends upon ours, and Spain defends as much your cause as she does her own. The open insolence of the French in all their violations, has put an end to the calculations of statesmen. That great continental system, which is always on the lips of Frenchmen, appears in every action, and threatens you with destruction. A ready, has the ambition of Napoleon swallowed up Italy, Holland and Switzerland, and converted those states into

The Confederation of the Rhine, into as many provinces of the French Empire. With the forces of Spain and Portugal, and the complete destruction of Austria, and then assembling the collective strength of Europe, drive the despot Alexander into the deserts of Tartary. Thus, will the destructive process of his wild ambition be fully accomplished. The ancient dynasties of the earth will disappear; he and his family will reign over the nations which he has subdued and destroyed; another feudal system, still more painful than the former, will be established to the exclusion of the light and civilization of three entire centuries. One single man shall have the glory of having changed the destiny of the principal part of the world. What does it avail him, to fulfil the designs of his execrable tyranny, that one hundred provinces should still be delivered up to fire and sword? Europe must be enslaved; he has thus decreed it; and when the name of Napoleon, written in characters of blood, shall announce to men their wretchedness and slavery, then, perhaps, this barbarian will rest satisfied with having been the fatal genius of desolation and death to the Nations of the world.
But the time has not yet arrived when he can enjoy this dreadful, this bloody satisfaction. England from the immense advantages which her insular situation, her power and her laws present to her, has ever looked with contempt upon the mad convulsions of French ambition and has in part restrained them. The unexampled manner in which Spain has been insulted, has broke for ever the servile bonds, which connected her to France. Every avenue to an armistice is closed, every door to reconciliation shut. Until our Sovereign is restored, our independence acknowledged, an eternal war shall subsist between France and Spain. Portugal has the same insults to avenge, and her interests, for the first time, are the same with those of Castile. A brave Prince proudly refuses, in the North, to submit to the vassalage, which the tyrant requires of every nation, and maintains the honor and dignity of Sweden. In the unjust and odious war, which the intrigues of Napoleon have excited against him. What then, Sovereigns of Europe, can detain you? Circumstances invite you, an opportunity presents itself, the danger is urgent, your interest is obvious. If you wish to exist, arm yourselves—From the Scheldt to the Tiber, & from the Neva to the Guadalquivir, may there be but one desire, one object, one city & let that be, war against Frenchmen. Does fear detain you? Do you doubt whether your efforts will be attended with success? Be not deceived. Frenchmen are neither invulnerable nor invincible. The plains of Valencia and Saragossa, the mountains of Baylen exposed to Heaven and earth their shame and degradation. Oh! ye monarchs and nations of the continent, imitate our perseverance and our efforts, and the world, threatened with destruction, by a brutal monster, will at length recover its independence and its repose.
Royal Palace of Alcazar, Seville, Jan 1, 1809. MARTIN DE GARY, Sec Gen. to the Supreme Junta. WASHINGTON CITY. MONDAY, AUGUST 28.
The federal prints of Boston exhibit a marked contrast with regard to the late proclamation of the President, The Centinel and Boston Gazette express their unequivocal approbation, while the Repository and the Palladium are perfectly silent. The Centinel says— "The President of the U. S. has proclaimed, that the non-intercourse law, as it respects Great Britain, is again in operation—We had been led to believe, from a cursory perusal of the law of June last—from the opinion of members of Congress; corroborated by the assertions of the National Intelligencer, Aurora, and other papers, that the non-intercourse law, as far as it respects Great Britain, could not be renewed except by an act of Congress. We are now willing to believe we were misinformed, and in error on the subject; for we do not think the President would have issued his proclamation of the 9th, without due consideration and consultation; or that he would authorize the Secretary of the Treasury to issue a circular, by a circular, by which the intercourse with England is prohibited, without being authorized by law so to do. The proclamation and circular have been issued; and ought to be as readily respected and obeyed as the proclamation which suspended the non-intercourse law. To us this measure appears to be one of the wisest which could have been adopted at the present posture of affairs. We were sincere in approving the promptitude and patriotism with which the President met and closed with the overtures of the British minister; and we do not hesitate to bestow our approbation on the dignified and temperate language of the proclamation; and on the liberal and laudable views of the Secretary of the Treasury which accompanied it."
The Boston Gazette says— "The President's proclamation was not unexpected—having suspended the non-intercourse law under certain promises, and those not being fulfilled, he simply recalled his first proclamation, and left the laws to their course. The country has certainly gained much by the temporary activity given
to commerce. The produce which was perishing at home has now glutted every market in Europe, and it will take some time for the foreign markets to recover their prices."
"In the mean time, all classes of men in our seaports will be occupied in receiving and disposing of their return cargoes—so far we are gainers by Mr. Erskine's unauthorized arrangement."
It is but an act of justice, however, in this notice of the Repository, to lay before our readers the following liberal and honorable article from that print.
"Peace, commerce and honest friendship with every nation, is the wish of every American. But the world is in a new, troubled, and unsettled state. The terrible Napoleon stretches his sceptre over the earth, and George the III. his trident over the ocean. Each of these mighty powers is desirous that America should be her ally, and each that she should be in hostility to the other. We must either resort to the 'terrapi policy,' or be at war with one or the other; for a peace and trade we cannot be. Let us then be truly American. Let us put away all sympathy and all antipathy, and view the justice of our cause and the disposition of our adversaries. In a temper of conciliation, let us ground our claims for aggressions upon the broad basis of eternal and immutable right. The nation that accedes to them shall be our friend and ally. The nation that rejects them, shall be our enemy until the God of battles awards to our valor, what power refused to grant to our justice. But do not let us set up chimeraical claims. Let us not lose sight of the real and substantial justice of our cause with either of the belligerents, from precipitance, from prejudice or from folly."
The following article is also from the Boston Gazette:
"The proclamation of August—A SHORT ARGUMENT. A rational and liberal interpretation of the non-intercourse acts of March and June, 1809, will satisfy every man, that the President's 1st proclamation is a legal exercise of power. But it is conceived, that it may be conclusively defended on a strict and literal interpretation of the statutes. By the 11th section of the statute of March the preceding sections are to be suspended, as to France or England, on the revocation or modification of their edicts, &c. The suspension depends upon the performance of a condition precedent; and it is admitted that the President's proclamation of such revocation or modification is to be conclusive evidence of the fact."
"Now has there been, or is there any such evidence of the revocation by England of her orders in council? The first proclamation declares, that they would be withdrawn, not that they were actually withdrawn. If such a declaration remained uncontradicted, the presumption would be that they had been withdrawn; but this is only an inference, which is done away by the subsequent declaration. Suppose the President, before the 10th of June had declared, that the English orders would not be withdrawn, could we rationally and legally presume their revocation from these contradictory conjectures? And is a positive declaration less conclusive than a conjecture? Or can it now be pretended, that such a declaration by proclamation of the revocation of the English orders exist, as to give the English a right to claim a renewal of trade an intercourse?"
"The statute of June, so far from giving validity to the first proclamation, is framed with so much ingenuity and caution, as to leave it wholly dependant on the state of things on the 10th of June. The first section of this act continues in force the restrictive clauses of the act of March against both France and England. Without a provision, it would have annulled the President's proclamation, whether right or wrong, and thus have rendered its renewal absolutely necessary. If this provision is construed as a recognition and ratification of the proclamation, at all events, there is a gross absurdity in reviewing the restrictions on the trade with England, for on this construction the section contains a palpable contradiction. The trade with England is first expressly prohibited, and is in the next line expressly permitted. If, however, the intention was to avoid entirely legislating on the subject, and neither to support nor annul the proclamation, a more expressive form of speech could not be adopted. England is thus left exposed to the restrictions of the non-intercourse laws unless, by her own acts, she renders the proclamation conformable to the law; for it is only in case that it was issued in conformity to the law, that the renewal of trade is permitted."
"On a rational, liberal interpretation of the statutes of March and June, it seems impossible to doubt that the 1st proclamation is agreeable to the spirit of them as well as within the letter. Congress declares the decrees and orders of France and England violations of our neutral rights. As a retaliation, and to induce the revocation of these decrees and orders, it deprives the nation which enforces them, of the benefit of our trade. A renewal of trade with us is the consideration proposed for their revocation. The laws are not to be regarded as enforcing restrictions on ourselves, so much as imposing penalties on any foreign nation, which may violate our rights."
"If the decrees and orders are not revoked, the expression of the national will is, that the restrictions should continue. The President, who is to execute the national will, ought to take care, that an error, originating in the mistakes of a foreign minister, should not frustrate nor defeat its decision. The consequence seems to be, that he ought at least to annul an act, which appears to have been out of the scope of his authority; and whose confirmation tend to deprive the country of the whole object for which the power was created."
"It is very easy however, to procure a judicial decision on the subject, by a breach of the bonds required; as if they have been exacted without authority, no forfeiture or penalty is incurred by a breach of them. The question can be settled only in court, and to that high tribunal we are willing any one should submit it."
"AN ENQUIRER."
Neef's translation of the Logic of Condillac. With the reputation of Condillac many of our readers are doubtless acquainted. Among his extensive works, is a treatise on Logic. This Mr. Joseph Neef of Philadelphia has translated into English and given to the public through the medium of the Philadelphia press, as an illustration
of the plan of education established at his school near that place.
It may be recollected that a few years ago we drew the public attention to the system of education established in Switzerland by Pestalozzi, and extended through the greater part of Germany and other European countries, as forming a new era in instruction. We stated that our countryman Mr. William Maclure, having, in his excursions on the continent, visited Pestalozzi's seminary, and become, from what he there saw and subsequently learned, convinced of the great superiority of his system to that usually practised, at once determined to extend its advantages to this country by sending over, at his own expence, one of his preceptors. The gentleman he selected for this purpose, was Joseph Neef, the author of this translation. Being unacquainted with the English language when he came here, it became necessary to attain it before he could successfully, to any extent, cultivate his profession. Of the surprising rapidity with which he has made himself acquainted with our language, this translation furnishes the most conclusive evidence. From the nature of the subject, the greatest precision of terms and structure of sentences were called for. These he has attained with wonderful success. The work contains some few Galllicisms; but they are such as might be expected from any one writing in a language not his own. The original work, moreover, excellent as it is in many respects, is not devoid, in several respects, of an obscurity, arising from an attempt, pushed too far, to simplify the subject of which it treats. Any defect, arising from this source, is not imputable to the translation.
It will give our readers pleasure to learn that Mr. Neef is prosecuting the great object of his mission with the promise of eventual success. He does not appear to be so anxious to develop his system with haste, as to advance gradually towards his end with circumspection and security. Nothing has occurred to abate his hopes; on the contrary, we understand that, with a disposition naturally enthusiastic, he is steadily occupied in carrying his system into practical effect.
The following quotation, written to show that analysis is the method of nature and the only method by which accurate knowledge is to be acquired, affords a specimen of the writer:
"I suppose a castle that commands a vast and luxuriant plain, over which nature has been pleased to spread abundance; where art has profited by the situations which it presents, to produce variety and embellish nature there still more. We arrive in this castle at night. Next morning the windows are thrown open, just when the sun begins to gild the horizon; we have caught a glimpse of the prospect, and the windows are immediately closed upon us."
"Though this plain was exhibited to us but for an instant, it is certain that we saw every object which it contained. In a second instant, we should have received precisely the same impressions which the objects made on us in the first. The same effect would be produced in a third; consequently, if the windows had not been shut again, we should only have continued seeing what we had seen at first."
"But that first glance is not sufficient to give us a complete knowledge of that plain, that is, to make us discern the particular objects which it contains: it is for this reason that when the windows were shut again, none of us would have been able to have given an account of what we had seen. This is the way in which we look at many things but learn nothing."
"At length the windows are again thrown open, and are not to be closed as long as the sun is above the horizon. We again see and for a long while all that we had at first seen. But if, like men in ecstasy, we continue, as in the first instance, looking at the whole crowd of diversified objects, when the night comes upon us, we shall know no more about them than we knew when the windows which had been opened, were suddenly shut again. In order, therefore to obtain a due knowledge of that plain, it is not sufficient to see it all at once; we must see each of its parts one after another; and, instead of embracing the whole at one view, we must fix our attention upon one object at a time, and such objects one after another. This is what nature teaches us all. If she gave us the faculty of seeing a multitude of things at once, she gave us also the faculty of distinctly beholding only one at one time, that is, to direct our eyes upon a single one: and to this faculty, which is a consequence of our organization, we owe all the knowledge we acquire through the sense of sight. This faculty is common to all of us. It is, however, we wish at a subsequent time to speak of that plain, it will be perceived that we do not all know it equally well. Some will give a more or less correct description, where there will be found many things as they really are, while others, confounding every thing, will make descriptions in which it will be impossible to recognise any thing that exists there. Each of us had, nevertheless, seen the same objects; but the eyes of some were thrown around at random, while those of others were directed in a certain order. Now what is this order? Nature herself displays it; it is the order in which she presents the objects. There are some objects which more particularly attract the vision; they are more striking, they command, and all the others seem as if made to be arranged about them. These we observe first, and when we have remarked their respective situations, the others place themselves in the intervals, each in its proper situation."
"We begin therefore by the principal objects; we successively observe and compare them in order to judge of the relations which they bear to each other; when by this means
we ascertain their respective situations, we successively observe all those which occupy the intervals; we compare each of them with the next principal object, and we determine their positions."
"Then we review all the objects whose form and situation we have examined, and we embrace them again at one view. The order which, in our mind, prevails among them, is therefore no longer separate and successive, it is collective and simultaneous. This is the order in which they exist, and we discover them all at once in a distinct manner."
"This knowledge we owe to the manner with which we have directed our examination. We only acquired it in succession; but once acquired in that way, the collective whole is at the same time present to the mind, as the objects which it exhibits are all present to the eyes which see them."
"It is therefore with the mind as with the eye; it sees a multitude of things at once, and we must not wonder at it, since all sensations of sight belong to the mind."
"This sight of the mind, or intellect, is like the sight of the body; if a man is well organized, both require no more than exercise, and in some measure we cannot circumscribe the space which they embrace. Indeed, an exercised mind discerns in a subject on which it meditates, a multitude of relations which are not generally perceived; just as the exercised eyes of a great painter, in a moment discovers in a landscape a multitude of things which we see with him, but of which, however, the peculiarities escape our notice."
"We may by going from castle to castle, study new plans and recall them to mind like the first. Then we may happen either to give the preference to one of them, or to find that each of them has its peculiar beauties. But we only judge of them because we compare them; we only compare them because we recall them all to mind at the same time; therefore the mind sees more than the eye."
"If we reflect clearly on the manner in which we acquire knowledge through sight, we shall remark that an extremely compounded object, such as a vast plain, dissolves itself as it were, since we only know it, when its parts one after another, have placed themselves with order in our mind."
"We have seen in what order this dissolution happens. The principal objects place themselves first in our mind, the others follow them, and rank themselves according to the relations in which they stand with the first. We make this decomposition only because an instant is not sufficient for us to study all those objects. But we only decompose in order to recombine, and when the knowledge is acquired, the things instead of being successive, have within the mind the same simultaneous order which they have without. It is in this simultaneous order, the knowledge consists which we possess of them. For if we could not retrace it together, we should never be able to judge of the relations which they bear to one another, and we should know them imperfectly."
"To analyse is therefore nothing else but to observe in a successive order the qualities of an object, so as to give them in the mind the simultaneous order in which they exist. This is what nature causes all of us to do. Analysis, therefore, which some suppose is only known by philosophers, is known to every body, and in what I have said, I have taught the reader nothing. I have only caused him to remark what he continually does."
"Though at one view I discern a multitude of objects in a plain which I have studied, yet sight is never more distinct than when we circumscribe it, and when we look at a small number of objects at once; we always distinguish less than we see."
"It is the same with the sight of the mind; I have at once acquired a great variety of knowledge which has become familiar to me; I see the whole but I do not discern it alike. To see distinctly all that at once offers itself in my mind, I must decompose it, as I have decomposed what offered itself to my sight; I must analyse my thoughts."
"Though it analysed in the same way as exterior objects; we decompose it the same way; we retrace to ourselves the parts of our thought in a successive order; to restore them in a simultaneous order. We perform this composition and decomposition by conforming to the relations which things have to one another, as being principal or subordinate, and because we could not analyse a plain, if the eye did not embrace the whole of it, we should not be able to analyse our thought if the mind did not embrace the whole of it. In both cases, likewise, we must see the whole at once, otherwise we could not assure ourselves that we have successively seen all the parts."
SKETCH XVIII.
My rambles and frequent conversations with the peasantry in the neighborhood of L**'s house have obtained me a degree of rustic notoriety, to which I stand indebted for a visit from Mr. Thady O'Canolan, a schoolmaster in the neighborhood, and a personage not only highly esteemed by his rural disciples, but looked up to by his less intelligent neighbors, as a prodigy of learning, erudition, and genius. He introduced himself, by saying: "he had heard I was fond of Irish composition, and that he had waited on me to mention he had some of the poems of Ossian, which were much at my service. 'The Irish,' he added with a brogue that beggars all conception, "the Irish is the finest and loftiest tongue in the world: the English can never come near it, and the Greek as we are worthy of being compared to it." He then with great enthusiasm repeated the description of Fion's shield in Irish, and Homer's description of that of Achilles, giving, with great exultation, the preference to the former; as he did to Ossian's account of his father's hounds, over the dogs of Ovid; and then with the utmost gravity declared his intention of
translating the Eneid, and some of Terence's plays, into Irish. "The latter," he continued, "I will teach to my scholars, who may play it yet upon one of the great London stages to admiration."
When I complimented him on the extent of his erudition, and expressed my astonishment at his having acquired it in so remote a situation, he replied: "Young lady, I went far and near for it; as many a poor scholar did before me: for I could construe Homer before I ever put on shoe or stocking, aye, or a hat either, which to be sure I never did till I was 20 years of age." He then at my request gave me a sketch of his peripatetic studies. When he was a young man, he said, there were but few schools in Connaught, and those few but bad; and that it was not unusual for 8 or 10 boys "who had the love of learning strong upon them," to set off barefooted and head headed to Munster, where the best schools were then held; that they commenced their philosophic pilgrimage poor and friendless; but that they begged their way, and that the name of poor scholar procured them everywhere friends and subsistence; that having heard much of the celebrity of a school master in the county of Clare, he and his adventurous companions directed their steps towards it, his "seminary"; "but," added Thady, "it being a grazing country, and of course no hospitality to be found there (meaning that it was thinly inhabited,) we could not get a spot to shelter our heads in the neighborhood of the school; so being a tight set of Connaught boys, able and strong, we carried off the school master one fine night, and never stopped till we landed him on the other side of the Shannon, when a priest gave us a chapel-house, and so we got learning, and hospitality to boot, and the school master made a great fortune in time, all Connaught flocking to him, and now here I am at the head of a fine seminary myself." He then informed me that he had 50 pupils; that the head class were in Homer, and did not pay for their tuition, as they assisted him to teach the rest; that all boys of the name of O'Conolan, were also taught gratis, and the rest paid according to the means of their parents, from 1 shilling to 4 quarters; he added that he had then five female iles, "to whom," said he, "I am teaching philosophy, the humanities and mathematics, to give them a gentel idea of becoming tutoreeses in gentlemen's families." After some further conversation, Mr. Thady O'Conolan departed, but not without a promise of our visiting his academy the following day.
The lyceum of this Connaught sage, is a miserable cabin on the side of a very desolate wood. The sound of our horses' feet brought a number of his young disciples to the door, clad in a drapery light and frugal as philosophy herself could dictate; for neither the Greek sandal, the Roman peronae, nor the Irish brogue, secured their naked feet from the damp earthen floor of the academy. The next moment Thady himself appeared in all the majesty of pedagogic power; his hair, dress, and manner, were all admirable, and left the Lingo and O'Sullivan of O'Keefe far behind; his low clumsy figure, clerical tonsure, rubicund face; his wearing coat, according to the old Irish costume, fastened with a skewer, the sleeves unoccupied, and the collar of his shirt thrown open, combined with his Greek and Latin quotations, his rich brogue and affected dignity, to render him a finished character. Having reprimanded his pupils for their want of good manners, he welcomed us with a look and air that seemed to convince us, as well as them, that their dereliction from decorum proceeded not from any deficiency of precept or example on the part of their master. He then apologised for the absence of his first class, who, he said, he intended should have construed some of Homer for us; but that they had gone to cut turf for a poor distressed family in the neighborhood, and that for that day the Trojan plains were resigned for the bog. "It was but the other day," said he, "they built up that cabin yonder, for a poor old widow, and I gave them a holiday for it and my blessing into the bargain."
The interior of Thady's cabin perfectly corresponded with its external aspect. It was divided into two apartments, which boasted no other furniture than an old deal table covered with copy books and slates, and a few boards placed on stones, which served as seats to the young students, some of whom were poring over the "Seven Wise Masters of Greece"; others vainly held a Cortney, while their eyes were fixed on the visitors; and three tall fellows were endeavoring to read all at the same time out of an old tattered volume of Virgil. "There," said Thady, pointing to the inward room, "there is my sanctum sanctorum; there I teach Homer, philosophy and the mathematics" and taking down an old book, which had sympathized in the destiny of Virgil, he exclaimed: "This is the only Homer I have; and though seven boys read out of it daily, it never causes a moment's dispute; whereas, if I had two young gentlemen studying in it, my Homer would be a bone of contention to them from morning till night." Indeed Thady endeavored continually to impress us with an idea of the subordination and civilized manners of his scholars, and we saw nothing that in the least degree contradicted his assertions: he assured us that the laborer who earned but six pence a day, would sooner live upon potatoes and salt, than refuse a little learning to his child—"I have," said he, "above twenty boys who are come from distant parts to me, who begged their way, and are now maintained among the poor of the neighborhood, who far from considering them a burthen, were so eager to have them, that to avoid jealousy, I was obliged to have lots drawn for them; the boys indeed are grateful, and make the best returns they can by working early and late for their patrons when not engaged with me." Having procured a holiday for his pupils, we took leave of Thady; and if to be a school-master, it is "requisite to be more or less than man," as Le Sage declares, Thady certainly concurred himself the former, as he detailed the merits of his seminary, and the classic progress of his disciples.
TO THE Editors of the National Intelligencer. GENTLEMEN, I was extremely happy to learn from your last paper that the unfortunate men confined in Carthage have escaped from their imprisonment; for, though I blame their conduct and think that the punishment of those who knowingly engaged in this expe-

dition was in some degree merited, I have never ceased to sympathize with their sufferings, and would have contributed to their relief as an individual, could my mite have been of service.
Since these persons are released, permit me to call your attention to the decision on this subject at the last session of Congress, and the principles on which it was grounded. Those men, taken by the public authority of a Spanish province in a hostile expedition against the country, were tried and condemned for the act. Whilst suffering under the punishment inflicted by the laws of that country, an application was made by them to the government of the United States, for interference for their relief. A committee of the House of Representatives having reported in their favor, the report was negatived by the casting vote of the Speaker, and thus was avoided a decision, which, in my opinion, would not only have formed a dangerous precedent, but would have depreciated the character of the nation in the eyes of the world.
We can only judge of the character of a nation from that part of its conduct with which we are acquainted, and therefore no doubt often judge erroneously. Other nations have but the same means of judging of us, and of course sometimes do us injustice. For instance—I have been credibly informed that on the western coast of South America, where all our trade, being contrary to the laws of the government of the provinces on the coast, is carried on by means of armed vessels, the impression conveyed by our mercantile enterprizes in those seas is, that the people of the United States are radically unprincipled and avaricious, regardless of the means to obtain any end they have in view. Seeing our citizens engaged, with foreigners, in such enterprizes as that of Miranda, would not the people and government of Caracas and the other provinces be induced to think this a characteristic trait in our national character? If the simple detection of these men would produce that impression, how much would it not have been strengthened, and what prejudices would not have been excited against this country, had Congress interposed for the relief of these men!
Again—these persons were engaged in parts of the United States for the service in which they were employed, whether with a knowledge of their destination or otherwise is not now the question. From this circumstance a suspicion very naturally seized on the minds of the Spanish government that the American government had knowledge of the transaction, and prejudice was consequently infused into their minds against us. Would not an application for the release of these men have been considered ipso facto evidence of a connection between this government and the persons concerned? And would not this government, by claiming or asking them as citizens, have been considered as sanctioning their acts? After our citizens, "above the dull pursuits of civil life," despising their household gods and native land, had marched under the banners of a Miranda or a Burr to invade a foreign country, had been taken and condemned as pirates, would it have been believed, that the government would have lent them its aid, unless it had authorised or connived at the expedition? The very act of interference could have had no other effect than that of substituting the government as the offender instead of the individuals, and thus at once have put an end to any advantages we might ever derive from unity or commerce with those provinces.
But fortunately we have escaped the evil consequences which would have been attendant on such a course of conduct. That part of Congress which prevailed in negativing the proposition for interference in behalf of these persons, had an arduous task to perform, one which called for all their fortitude. They had to withstand the sympathy which we all feel for fellow creatures in distress; they had to withstand strong and reiterated appeals to their passions and feelings; but more than all they had to bear, unmoved, imputations of obduracy of heart and insensibility to those feelings which are the peculiar attributes of humanity. They followed the dictates of judgment in preference to the impulse of their feelings, and in so doing have set up a beacon to warn future adventurers that the United States as a nation will not acknowledge as citizens those who voluntarily expatriate themselves on unlawful expeditions. This great principle may be considered as decided; for never, perhaps, will such a case again occur; the circumstances of which were so favorable to the sufferers. The decision stands on record as a precedent. I rejoice as much as any one that these men are released; but I rejoice also that they were not released through the instrumentality of the government. Such a course would neither have been consistent with sound policy on the dictates of wisdom, in the opinion of
HERMES.
WILLIAM COBBETT. WM. COBBETT, alias Peter Porcupine, is now the warm advocate of Parliamentary Reform—of Sir Francis Burdett and Wardle—and the opponent of political corruption. Will miracles never cease?
On this subject he has addressed a series of letters to the people of Hampshire—of which the first presents a most serious and monitory lesson to the people of the U. S.—"Some of you, says he, will have heard, perhaps, that while I was in America, I wrote several pamphlets, some under a feigned name, and some under no name at all. From one of these pamphlets, the London ministerial newspapers have extracted these words: "For my part, I am no friend of the English; I wish their island was sunk to the bottom of the sea." Having taken this sentence, they tell their readers, that it is quite natural "such a person" should wish for a reform that would lead to revolution. Gentlemen, I do not recollect anything so bad as this, ever done or attempted to be done, by any writer in the world.
"The pamphlet from which the extract is made, was written for the purpose, and the sole purpose of serving my king and country, and that too at a time and in a place, when and where no man but myself had the zeal to write a line for such a purpose. In order to give effect to what I was writing, it was necessary for me to say something, to disguise the fact that it proceeded from an Englishman's pen; and that this was the case, there needs no proof but this, that the government at home caused this pamphlet to be republished in England. Further, for having written this and other pamphlets in America, the government here made me offers of their support, which I never accepted of. Upon my return from America, those offers were renewed, but again rejected. I received marks of approbation, for these writings, from all the men then in power. I dined at Mr. Windham's with Pitt, which I then thought a very great honor; and really when Mr. Canning looks back to the time when I dined at his house at Pursey, and when he paid me so many just compliments for my exertions, in my country's cause, I can hardly think that he must not view with some degree of shame these attempts on the part of persons, who are publicly said to write under his particular patronage. As to Mr. Windham, he has declared, in open Parliament, that for my writings in America, I deserved a statue of gold."
And now let the federalists of the U. S. lay this extract—this "A flatteringunction," to their souls. Who was Wm. Cobbett? The man, who, in times of yore, was their oracle—the man whom they cherished, fed and encouraged—whose paper they subscribed and wrote for—and whose writings they admired with the same spirit which warned the gratitude of Pitt, of Windham and Canning. Of the hypocritical morality of Mr. Cobbett, we shall say nothing—he was a spy, a pensioner and a slave—and he had at least as much morality, as belongs to his vocation. But of the federalists, what shall we say? Whilst he was laboring for "the sole purpose of serving his king and country, they seemed to be with him—the same in opinions and feelings—"bone of one bone, and flesh of one flesh"—the adherents of a creature, to whom the British government had "made offers of support."
There are writers in the U. S. at this very moment, who ply the same trade in the same disguise—who profess an attachment to the U. S. and a hatred for England, the better to mask their views—and who cannot SINK THE ENGLISHMAN in their hearts. They are devoted to the interests of Britain, and many of them are apostates to this, their native country—Cobbeets of the present day, whom Mr. Canning may reward for their exertions in his country's cause. When will the honest men of the opposition—when will the native born true hearts! American federalists, awaken from their delusion! Enquirer.
At a late commencement of the University of Athens, (Geo.) the degree of Doctor of Laws was conferred on JOEL BARLOW, of Washington City. Pub. Adv.
It is certain, from the following not, annexed to the bills of lading of the Lord Whitworth's cargo, that some difficulty was apprehended in England. Note—"In case the Lord Whitworth is not permitted to discharge her cargo at New-York it is agreed she shall proceed to St Johns, New-Brunswick. N. York gazette
The resolution of thanks to Mr. Wardle (who introduced into the British parliament the scandalous business of "The Duke and My Darling") passed at a meeting of the inhabitants of Sheffield, was signed by upwards of 15,000 persons on 40 skins of parchment, which measured thirty five yards and a quarter in length.
In digging on the 18 ult. the well at the Salt works, about a mile and a half N. E. of Butler, and thirty miles from Pittsburg, the Grinder of a Mammoth, weight five pounds, and seven inches in length was found four feet below the surface of the rock among several fragments of bones much decayed.
FROM THE POLITICAL REGISTER.
APPOINTMENT By the Supreme Government of Spain. Chevalier Ons, Minister Plenipotentiary from his Catholic Majesty, Ferdinand VII, to the U. S.
This gentleman was under Secretary of State, in the department of his Excellency Don Pedro Cevallos. He was expected to embark with all his family in a short time for America.
From the American Daily Advertiser.
Since my arrival from the territory of New Spain, many of my friends have expressed a wish that I would communicate my opinion on the result of a commercial intercourse with the inhabitants of those regions bordering on Louisiana.
Situated as we are, enjoying the benefit of the manufactures of the whole world, and contiguous to a country whose population, of about seven millions of souls, covering a large portion of the continent, richly impregnated with the precious metals, & possessing no manufactures of their own, will afford the most abundant harvest to those adventurers who may convey them goods in exchange for their gold and silver.
This must be effected by forming such direct or oblique course as our proximity with the interior afford us. It will do me much pleasure to communicate through the medium of the press, the knowledge I have obtained during my travels from latitude 19, 30 to lat. 36 north, where I have in an especial manner applied myself to such commercial operations as by its development every one may draw such advantage as their industry & enterprize may merit, and I shall be abundantly remunerated if I can render myself beneficial to my countrymen.
I remain with great regard, J. CLAMORGAN.
A letter from Carthagena, dated July 25, 1809, covering the following order, from the Seville Junta, to the Vice Roy of Santa Fee, received by the schooner Cufac, arrived at New York.
(TRANSLATION) My Lord—To the captain general and intendant of Carracas, I communicate the following royal order. The captain general interim of those provinces, Don Juan Casaf, gives an account with documents in a letter of the 18th November last, of having granted, amongst many other things, the deduction of one fifth part of the duties on commerce, which had been granted to English colonies, and neutral nations, at the request of the government of Carracas: in virtue thereof, and the dispositions of the royal order of the 10th January, 1808, our Lord the king Ferdinand the 7th and in his name, the Supreme Junta of government have resolved that without their express royal permission, no foreign vessels shall be permitted to trade to the ports in the district of your excellency, as it is ordered by our laws of India, neither to make any deduction upon the established duties, nor to alter the established duties, without special permission. I transmit to you the royal resolution, in order that you may put it in full force.
God preserve you many years. Royal Palace Del Alcazar, Seville, March 17, 1809. (Signed) FRANCIS DE SAAVEDRA. To the Vice Roy of Santa Fee.
Baltimore, August 25. The editor of the Federal Gazette is indebted to the politeness of a mercantile friend for the following extract:
"Salem, August 21, 1809. Yesterday arrived at Beverly, the brig Ann, 55 days from Gottenburg. She has a cargo of (200 tons) iron, which appears to be the only article of Russian import we shall receive; for it is said that no vessels will go up to Russia. She reports twenty six sail captured by Danish gun boats; that two or three condemnations had been made on very frivolous pretences; that the Danes would respect all vessels having either the Danish or French Consul's certificate, and suffer them to proceed—reports eighty vessels at St. Petersburg seized under American colors by the Russians, being vessels from England; that only one vessel of all those at Gottenburg, had or would attempt to go up; did not know her fate."
New York, August 24. LATE FROM CADIZ. The brig Fame, capt. Burroughs, arrived here yesterday from Cadiz—She sailed the 15th of July, and brings Seville Gazettes as late as the 12th. These papers contain accounts of several skirmishes, that had taken place between the Spanish and French armies, which terminated in favor of the former.
Captain Burrough informs, that it was reported at Cadiz three or four days before he sailed, that gen. Blake had been defeated by the French in Galicia, and lost 2000 men.—That after the battle, Blake broke and dismissed from his service, and 100 of his officers. It was also reported that king Joseph had left Madrid, and was marching towards Seville, at the head of 40,000 men. As the papers do not mention these important particulars,
we must suspend our belief of them for the present. That Joseph had left Madrid, is extremely probable; but it is presumed that he left it for the purpose of evacuating Spain altogether, which is intimated in the Spanish papers.
Saragossa has been retaken by the Spaniards.
Admiral Purvis was in Cadiz bay with three ships of the line and several frigates.
Markets for American produce were very dull at Cadiz. Grain and pulse were admitted into the ports of Spain, free of duty.
LONDON PHOENIX INSURANCE.
Citizens of America! Perhaps there was never discussed in your country so prolific a source of national economy & one so productive of individual comforts, as the plan of reciprocal insurance, for which the citizens of Charleston have petitioned their Legislature. To suppose that it will not be adopted throughout the union, with some local modifications, would be to suppose its citizens lost to every sense of their own interests and love of country. It is an undue exercise of the sovereign power, for a foreign nation to receive or lay a tax for internal protection: protection and allegiance should go hand in hand—every act of our government tends, or ought to tend, to secure and lessen the risks of our persons and property: why then should foreigners reap the advantages arising from the government? It is an appendant on the sovereign power. This is also a financial error of the greatest magnitude, which may be illustrated in this simple manner: let any citizen of any legal city or town, make an estimate of its value; then let him make one of its average losses for the last ten years back, and see how much per cent it is. This will be the risk of his whole city, per cent. per year; for which let him tax the city, and the whole is insured—let him then calculate what he would pay for foreign insurances on his city, and deduct his losses from its amount; the balance will be the gain or loss to such foreign company. The result of such enquiry is
Charleston, gives the Phoenix a gain of per year, $ 171,250 We will presume Baltimore the same, 171,250 Philadelphia double, 324,500 New York do. 324,500 Boston, 300,000 New Orleans, 70,000 $ 1,597,500
One million three hundred and ninety seven thousand five hundred dollars! annually sent out of the national circulation, from six cities in the union; every cent of which we would keep in our own pockets, and be equally well insured. When we consider the magnitude and importance of this sum and that foreign nations are not very delicate about the means of securing it, is it then wonderful we should (by way of excitement and suppression) see our factories and cities now and then in flames? This is throwing a tub to a whale. Citizens of America "know yourselves"
[Char. C. Gaz.
Boston, August 21.
LATEST FROM ENGLAND. By recent arrivals in this, and southern ports, and at Halifax, London papers to 5th July, have been received. They afford but little news of moment; the accounts from the continent being no later than those received by the Mentor, from France. A few articles of some interest will be found under our foreign head.
By the above arrivals we learn, that American vessels continued to pour into the different ports of England, where the markets for their cargoes were bad indeed, hardly any thing bringing more than first cost. About the time of their sailing, however, some articles had sold at advance prices, owing to an apprehension that our government would renew the non-intercourse in consequence of the objection to Mr. Erskine's arrangement. There had been a great demand for American vessels, to convey troops, &c. to accompany the new expedition, which was on the eve of departure from England. A temporary embargo was expected, to continue until after the sailing of the expedition, in which case American vessels nearly ready for sea, will meet with detention.
New York, Aug. 23. Captain Biaden, of the sloop Susan, arrived yesterday in 11 days from Bermuda, informs that the day he sailed there, the British frigate Goree arrived there in the short passage of 28 days from Lisbon, bringing the intelligence of a second grand battle having been fought at the Danube, between the Austrian and French armies, and that he left or were defeated.
LONDON, JUNE 28. Mr. Daniel Lambert, whose immense bulk attracted a great number of visitors, when he a short time since exhibited himself in London, died on Wednesday morning at Stamford. He arrived there on the preceding day, and sent for a printer in the evening to give instructions for printing some bills, announcing his intention of exhibiting himself; but this intention was frustrated by his sudden death early on Wednesday morning. He was in his 40th year: He weighed 52 stone 11 lbs. at 14th to the stone 739 lbs. being 10 stone 11 lbs. heavier than Mr. Bright of Essex. His girth is 6 feet 4 inches long, 4 feet 4 inches wide, and 2 feet 4 inches deep. It was fixed upon two axletrees and four cog-wheels, upon which his remains will be rolled to the grave. He measured 3 yards 4 inches round the body, and 1 yard and 1 inch round his legs. His clothes cost him about 20, a suit.
Baltimore, Aug. 23. We learn, that the commissioners appointed under an act of the last winter session of the Maryland legislature, after spending sixteen days in surveying the Susquehanna between the bristled points, have fixed the site of the intended bridge at Bald Friar Ferry. They have deposited plots of survey, according to law in Herford and Cecil courts. We anticipate many advantages to Baltimore and to the state, from the erection of a bridge across the Susquehanna at that place, as it will facilitate an intercourse with the richest parts of Pennsylvania.
REPUBLICAN MEETING. The Republican Citizens of Prince Georges county are requested to meet at Upper Marlboro, on Tuesday the 5th of September next; to make the necessary arrangements preparatory to the ensuing election. August 28—
POST-OFFICE, WASHINGTON. LETTERS for his Britannic Majesty's Packet, Windsor Castle, for Falmouth, England, via Halifax, N. S. will be received at this Office till Monday the 3d of September next, 5 o'clock A. M. N. B. The inland postage to New-York must be paid. August 28—
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, THAT the Trustees of Charlotte Hall School have abandoned the scheme of a Lottery heretofore proposed by them; and that purchasers of tickets are invited to apply for their money to the persons from whom they bought their tickets. Signed by order. NEALE H. SHAW, Reg. Cool Springs—Aug. 28—w3t.
PUBLIC SALE. On Saturday the 2d day of September next, will be sold at Public Auction at the Washington Bridge,
ONE SLOW in complete order and SIX BOATS, several Sheds, a quantity of Tools, Blankets, &c. &c. Terms of sale, cash for all sums under twenty dollars, and notes with good endorsers at 60 days for all sums over this amount. By order of the President and Directors, SAM. ELIOT. August 28.
FIVE DOLLARS REWARD. STRAYED or Stolen, about a month since, from the Commons, in the Western part of this city,
A BAY HORSE, six years old, about 14 hands 1 inch high, a natural trotter, short made, shod before, white hind feet, and a few saddle marks. Whoever will return said Horse to the Subscriber near F street, shall be entitled to the above Reward, with reasonable charges. O. B. BROWN. August 21—3t
LANDS FOR SALE. THE Subscribers offer, for sale, the following lands, to wit: about 1100 acres lying on the North-west Branch, in Montgomery county, 1 1/2 miles from Washington city, 16 from Georgetown and 8 from Montgomery court-house. There is on this land a convenient Dwelling-House, for a small family, with other convenient out-houses. Also several houses built for tenants. There is about 50 acres of valuable meadow land, which at a small expense may be laid in grass, 10 or 12 acres now in grass. On this land are several valuable apple orchards, from which 12 or 13,000 gallons of cider may be made a year. Also 113 acres on the Paint Branch, in Montgomery county, near Peter Kemp's Mill, and part of several tracts (quantity not ascertained) lying in Prince Georges county, about 5 miles from Bladensburg, adjoining the lands of Maj. Williams and Messrs. Berry's It is presumed that any persons inclined to purchase of the lands will first view them. The first mentioned land will be sold entire or divided so as to accommodate purchasers. All of the aforesaid lands are in the state of Maryland. Terms may be known on application to either of the subscribers. JOSIAS T. BEALL, JAMES A. BEALL. August 28—Bw

BAKER & RIGGS, BOND OF THE PLEDGE, HAVE just received a large supply of REASONABLE GOODS, which they will sell every day for cash, or good paper at short dates. August 16—2aw3w.
RUN AWAYS. WAS Committed the jail of Washington county in the district of Columbia, the following runaways, viz. on the 3d inst. Negro JOHN, who an ears to be a French- man by birth, and says he belongs to John Roberts, Ford street, Baltimore, Md.— he appears to be about 16 or 17 years of age, 5 ft 2 inches high; had on when com- mitted, an old black turned hat, blue cloth coat, black cloth vest, a pair of nankeen small clothes, old corduroy pantaloons, cot- ton shirt, and new shoes. Negro BASH, on the 6th inst. who says he was the property of Jacob Smith of Balti- more, Md. but now is free; he says he is 41 years of age, 5 feet 6 inches high, yel- low complexion; had on when committed an old wool hat, grey cloth round-about jacket, gingham vest, cotton shirt and linen trousers. The owners of the above negroes are requested to come and prove them and take them away, or they will be sold for their jail fees and other expenses as the law directs. C. TIPPETT, Keeper of the jail for W. Boyd, marshal. August 18—w3t
A VALUABLE FARM FOR SALE. BY virtue of a decree of a decree of the High Court of Chancery of the state of Maryland, will be exposed at public auction on the premises, at 12 o'clock on Wednes- day the 15th day of September next, the Real Estate of Solomon Jones, late of Saint Mary's county, deceased, and whereon the deceased lived, comprised of the following tracts or parcels of LAND, viz. Plumb Point , containing 373 acres, more or less, and Pasture Grounds , containing 18 acres, more or less, making a total of about 393 acres. This farm is situated on Saint Mary's river, is well watered and well improved, has an excel- lent, convenient & commodious Brick Dwell- ing House, with every necessary out house, commanding a view of one of the finest arms of the Potomac, and looking over from 40 to 50 acres (part of this farm) of fine meadow land, equal to any. Culture has proved it for Indian Corn and Timothy to be second to none, a fine marsh for grazing; the orchards are of choice fruit; sufficiently well timbered and the arable land pro- ductive. If contiguous to church, mill, and mar- ket are advantageous, this farm possesses them in an eminent degree. The post-office at the Great Mill is within one and a half miles. The terms of sale are, "purchasers shall give bond with approved security for paying one half of the purchase money with interest within nine months, and the residue within fifteen months without interest from the time of sale."
The creditors of the said deceased are hereby notified to exhibit their claims in the Chancery office on or before the 13th day of March next. ENOCH J. MILLARD, Trustee. Leonard Town. Aug. 18—w3t
ADVERTISEMENT. WILL be sold on Monday the 28th inst. to the highest bidder, for ready money, at Long's Hotel , one Negro Man, about thirty-five years old—one Negro Wo- man, about thirty-three years old—her daughter about sixteen years old, and son about eleven years old. They are of a good family of Negroes, and formerly belonged to John Boothe, deceased; and were willed by him to the children of William Carpenter, deceased. The subscriber being a rep- resentative of said Carpenter, and is other- wise legally authorised to sell said negroes. JOHN CATOR. August 22—
TO BE SOLD AT PUBLIC AUCTION, At Northumberland court house, and state of Virginia, on Tuesday the 5th of Septem- ber next, at 11 o'clock in the forenoon, five contiguous plantations, amounting together to about 2,700 acres, situate on the river Potomac, and within about three miles of the court house. These estates formerly belonged to Presley Thornton, Esq., and are the same on which he lived. They have ne- ver been seen by either of the subscribers, but it is understood, that about 1700 acres of them are as valuable low grounds as any on the river, and a considerable part there- of heavily timbered. The uplands consist of about 1000 acres, and the whole is well calculated for the production of corn, wheat, tobacco, timothy and small grain of all kinds, in great abundance. The waters are said to abound with excellent fish, oysters and wild fowl. The water carriage is easy and convenient to Norfolk, Baltimore, Alex- andria and the city of Washington; and as these estates possess several good mill seats, with an abundance of water and a plentiful supply of timber, they must be very valuable. The premises will be shown to persons in- clining to purchase, by Col. James Moore, who lives on them, or by Samuel Blackwell, Esq. who lives near to them; and the terms of payment may be known a sufficient time before the sale, by applying to either of them, or to THOMAS ROBINSON, Near Chester, Delaware, Or to W. LEWIS, at Phila. June 7—tds.
LANDS IN THE STATES OF OHIO AND KENTUCKY. FOR SALE. BY Virtue of the Last Will and Testament of Robert Means, deceased, the subscriber offers for sale, all the Lands of the testator in the states of Ohio & Kentucky. As there is a large quantity of these Lands, and the quality in general good, they are well worth the attention of all persons desirous of pur- chasing Lands in those parts of the country. The tracts are of various sizes, and con- sequently calculated to suit purchasers of all descriptions. Further information respect- ing the said Lands may be obtained from Mr. Walter Dun, residing in, or near the town of Chillicothe in the State of Ohio. DANIEL CALL, Executor of the last will & testament of Robert Means, dec'd. Richmond, July 19—tf
TWO STORES FOR SALE. FOR Sale a number of LOTS in Squares No. 119, 222, 378, 1020 and 1045— Also, the Two BRICK STORES, adjoining the Seven Buildings, which have for several years been occupied in the Dry Good and Grocery business. For terms apply to W. P. Curtner, No. 6, of the Seven Buildings or Mr. Paine on the premises. July 14—3&w1w
THIS IS TO GIVE NOTICE, that the Subscri- ber of Prince George's county hath obtained from the Orphans court of Prince Georges county in Maryland, Letters Testamentary on the personal estate of Samuel Lashly late of Prince Georges county, deceased; all persons hav- ing claims against the said deceased, are hereby warned to exhibit the same, with the vouchers thereof to the subscriber, at or before the tenth day of February next, they may otherwise by law be excluded from all the benefit of the said estate. Given under my hand this fourth day of August 1809. JOHN LUSBY Esq. August 4—w6t
Superintendent's Office, Washington, 9th August, 1809. WHEREAS the late Commissioners of the city of Washington, on the 24th December 1793, sold or contracted to sell to Robert Morris & Js. Greenleaf, all the then title, in- terest and estate of the public in the squares following, among others, in the said city, viz. 626, 628, 684, 723, 727, 729, 758, 760, 782, 786, 789, 814, 816, 818, 841, 843, 866, 868, 895, 897, 899, 918, 919, 922, 923, 943, 967, 968, 970, 972, 992, 1014, 1037, 1039, 1040, 1062, 1074, 1075, and 1076. Which sale was upon the terms and conditions of a certain stipulated price being paid therefor at certain fixed periods of time subsequent to the contract. And whereas in the course of certain transactions between the said James Greenleaf and the said Robert Mor- ris, and a certain John Nicholson (who had acquired an interest in said squares) and between the said James Greenleaf and Mor- decai Lewis and Edward Burd, a certain interest, estate and title of the said Green- leaf, Morris and Nicholson, in and to the same squares, became pledged, by way of mortgage, to the payment of certain debts due to the said Lewis and Burd, respective- ly. And whereas, the Chancellor of the state of Maryland, in a certain suit late- ly pending in the Chancery Court of that state, between the executors of the said Mordecai Lewis and the said Edward Burd complainants, and Robert Morris, the heirs of John Nicholson, the Commissioners of the city of Washington, James Greenleaf, Henry Pratt, Thomas W. Francis, John Miller, Jr., John Ashley, Jacob Baker, George Simpson, William Cranch and Thomas Law, defen- dants, did, among other things, decree, that all the right, title, and interest, which at the time of executing a certain mortgage mentioned in the bill and proceedings filed and had in the suit aforesaid, was in the said Morris and Nicholson, Thomas Law, and the Commissioners of the city of Wash- ington, in and to 295 lots and 3-4ths of a lot, of 5265 square feet each, contained in the squares before enumerated, should be sold, and the proceeds applied to the payment in the first instance, of the debts due as aforesaid, to the said Lewis and Burd, and the residue of the whole proceeds, if any, to the payment of certain other debt or debts in the said decree mentioned. And whereas E. S. Burd, having been duly appointed and qualified, as a trustee, to carry into effect the said sale, did, by deed bearing date the 23d June, 1809, and recorded in the land records of Washington county in the district of Columbia, for the considerations in said deed mentioned, duly convey to Thomas Morris, Samuel Coates, Joseph Morris and Edward Burd, all the right, title and inter- est of the said Morris and Nicholson, Tho- mas Law and the Commissioners of the city of Washington, of, in and to the said 295 3-4th lots, as by the said decree was direct- ed. And whereas, at the time of sale or contract for the sale of the before enumerat- ed squares by the commissioners, to Morris and Greenleaf, as herein before recited, the public interest in the said squares, or in any or either of them, was not then specifically ascertained and known, but was to depend on and be determined by a division thereof, to be thereafter made, between the said com- missioners and the original proprietors of the land on which the same were laid out, pursuant to law and certain deeds of trust, which had been executed by the said prop- rietors and others for all their lands lying within the city of Washington, and such di- vision was accordingly afterwards made, by which it appears that no part or portion of four of the said squares, to wit, Nos. 687, 726, 966 and 1016, was allotted or assigned to the public, and consequently no estate therein was passed to the said Morris and Greenleaf by the commissioners, under or by virtue of the said sale. And whereas there are in the public's part or portion of the aforesaid squares obtained on the division aforesaid, and exclusive of the said Nos. 687, 726, 966 and 1016, 68 lots of 5265 square feet each, over and above the said 295 3-4th lots sold as aforesaid by the said E. S. Burd, pursuant to the decree aforesaid, and where- as the purchasers and grantees of said 295 3-4th lots hold the same in an undivided in- terest and possession or tenancy in common with each and every person and persons entitled to the said 68 lots. And whereas the purchase money for the said 68 lots has not been paid & satisfied to the said commission- ers or to any other person or persons for the use of the public according to the terms and conditions of the sale, and the same having been due for more than thirty days after it ought to have been paid, and for at least two years prior to the first of May 1802, and being still due and unpaid—by reason where- of and by virtue of the statute of the state of Maryland, entitled "A further supplement to the act concerning the Territory of Co- lumbia and the city of Washington," and of the act of Congress, entitled "An act to abolish the board of commissioners in the city of Washington, and for other pur- poses," the superintendent appointed in pur- suance of the said act of Congress is author- ised and required to proceed to sell the said 68 lots. Now this is to give notice that the undersigned, the Superintendent appointed as aforesaid shall and will at 11 o'clock A. M. on Monday the 23d day of October next at Rhodes's hotel in the city of Washington aforesaid by reason of the premises and by virtue of the statutes aforesaid, sell to the highest bidder at Public Auction for cash, all the said 68 lots of ground of 5265 square feet each, contained in some or all of the squares above enumerated, except the said four squares Nos. 687, 726, 966 and 1016, the purchaser or purchasers thereof to take and hold the same in an undivided and common possession with the purchasers and grantees of the aforesaid 295 3-4th lots: subject to have the possession severed, and due parti- tion made between the several parties ac- cording to their respective interests and pro- portions by consent or in due course of law. THOMAS MUNROE, Sup. August 19—tawts
BY MONTGOMERY county, Orphans Court, August 16, 1809. ORDERED by the court that the execu- tors of Samuel Turner late of Mont- gomery county, deceased, give the notice required by law for the creditors of the said deceased to exhibit their claims and that the notice be given in the National Intelligencer, city of Washington. Test SOLOMON HOLLAND, Reg THIS is to give notice that the Subscribers of Georgetown and District of Columbia, have obtained from the Orphans Court of Montgomery county Maryland, Letters Tes- tamentary on the Personal Estate of Samuel Turner, late of Montgomery county deceased; all persons having claims against the said deceased are hereby warned to exhibit the same with the vouchers thereof to the subscribers, at or before the 21st day of February next, they may otherwise by law be excluded from all benefit of the said estate. Given under our hands this 21st day of August 1809. THOS. TURNER, } Executors. SAML. TURNER, } August 21—4w
BANK OF WASHINGTON. THE subscription books will be opened at Long's Hotel on Monday the 4th day of September next, at 10 o'clock, and will con- tinue open for three days from 10 o'clock A. M. to 4 o'clock P. M. unless sooner filled. No person will be allowed to subscribe in the name of another without producing to the commissioners powers authorising him so to do. THE COMMISSIONERS. Aug. 21—ept4sep
EDUCATION. THE REV. WALTER D. ADDISON of Georgetown, District of Columbia will board and instruct in the Latin and Greek Languages, Reading, Writing and Arith- metic, a few more Young Gentlemen, at sixty-five pounds per annum, payable quar- terly in advance. Letters addressed to him at this place will be attended to. Georgetown, August 21—2awtf.
ROMULUS RIGGS, Has just received and opening at his New Cash Store, a complete and well selected assortment of SEASONABLE AND FANCY GOODS, Which being purchased for money, gives him the opportunity of offering the same at Baltimore and Philadelphia Prices, As he is determined to sell for very small profits. He intends keeping on hand a good assortment of Goods, to be sold by the piece; and those who purchase to sell again, will be furnished at as low rates as they can purchase in any market in the United States, being determined to sell. CASH GIVEN FOR TOBACCO Inspected at the Georgetown Warehouse. FOR RENT, THE upper part of the House I now occu- py, which has Six well finished Rooms, and every necessary back building, all new- ly furnished and in complete order—The rent will be low to a genteel family, if ap- plication is immediately made. June 9—tf.
PATENT KNAPSACKS. THE Subscriber having obtained from the United States, a patent for an improved KNAPSACK, which in point of durability and con- venience, has been pronounced by the best judges infi- nitely superior to any hitherto in use. The off- ers of the different volunteer companies in the United States, are respectfully solicited to adopt them. They may be had in any quantity, and will be sold on the most reasonable terms by JOHN P. LHERBETTE, 81, Maiden Lane, New-York. To whom applications addressed by post may be made, or to B. H. Latrobe, at the city of Washington. May 19—ep4m.
FOR SALE. Or to be rented for a term of years, or an per- petual ground rent. A NUMBER of well built brick houses, several of which are immediately te- nantable—situate on Greenleaf's point— Also, house lots in almost every part of the city. Apply to JAMES GREENLEAF, or in his absence to SAMUEL ELIOT, junr. July 6—8w
A FARM TO LET. FOR Let on shares, a Farm containing 61 acres, distant between 2 1-2 and 3 miles from the Centre Market House in this city. The situation very healthy. A person having a knowledge of Gardening and Fruit trees would be preferred. Apply to JAMES HOBAN. August 23—
CAUTION. ALL persons are hereby cautioned against purchasing any articles belonging to the partnership of LEWIS TALBOTT and myself, as the said Talbott is not authorised to make any sale or receive any money due to the concern, without my written consent being first obtained—The articles above al- luded to, consist of fishing seines, boats & other materials. Witness my hand, at Washington City, this twenty-first day of August, 1809. CLEMENT VENABLE. Aug. 23—3t.
THE Creditors of the late Henry Addison are requested to attend at the Tavern of John Smith Brookes, in Upper Marl- borough, on Thursday the 28th day of Septem- ber next, where a dividend will be made of the money in hand. THOMAS G. ADDISON, } Admrs. DENNIS MAGRUDER, } August 21—w1d
NEW STORE. THE Subscriber having opened a New Store in F street, between the Bank and the Treasury Office, has supplied himself with a variety of the best qualities of Cloths & Blankets suitable for the approaching sea- son, and also of Calicoes, Ginghams, Mus- lins, Silk, Cotton and Worsted Hosiery, Mo- rocco and Leather Shoes, Hats, &c. &c. where he invites his friends and the public to make their purchases, and assures them they shall be supplied upon the most rea- sonable terms. C. sh. flour, corn, oats or whiskey, will be received in payment. JOSEPH WHEATON. Washington City, Aug. 25—8t.
A VALUABLE FARM FOR SALE. WILL be sold impurgance of the last Will and Testament of Samuel Tur- ner, Esq. deceased, at Public Sale on the premises on the 15th day of November next (if not previously disposed of, and in case of sale notice will be given) that very valuable Farm in Montgomery county late the resi- dence of the said deceased; containing about Seven Hundred Acres of Land, Three Hundred Acres at least in wood and fine timber; the residue under good enclosures and every acre arable; lays level and re- markably well for cultivation and may be made very rich in a few years by the use of plaster and clover; in fact, it is as desirable a farm as any in the county of its size and may be very conveniently divided to accommo- date purchasers; it lies about 18 miles from Georgetown and the city of Washington, five from Montgomery court house and within three miles of the Potomac River. A further description is deemed unneces- sary, as it is presumed that those inclined to purchase will view the property. The terms of sale, which will be accom- modating, may be known by applying to the subscribers living in Georgetown, district of Columbia, or will be made known on the day of sale. THO: TURNER, SAML. TURNER, Executors. July 28—tdos
IN COUNCIL. Annapolis, June 26, 1809. ORDERED, that the act, entitled, An act to alter the thirty-second and thirty-se- venth Articles of the constitution and Form of Government, be published twice in each week, for the space of three months, in the American and Federal Gazette, at Baltimore, the Maryland Gazette, and Maryland Republican, at Annapolis, the National Intelligencer, the Easton Star, Mr. Grieve's paper at Ha- gar's-town, and Mr. Bartgis's paper at Frederick-town. By order, NINIAN PINKNEY, Clerk of the Council.
AN ACT To alter the thirty-second and thirty-seventh Articles of the Constitution and Form of Go- vernment. BE it enacted, by the General Assembly of Maryland, That hereafter, upon the death, resignation or removal out of this state, of the governor, it shall not be ne- cessary to call a meeting of the legislature to fill the vacancy occasioned thereby, but the first named of the Council for the time being shall qualify and act as governor until the next meeting of the general assembly, at which meeting a governor shall be chosen in the manner heretofore appointed and di- rected. And be it enacted, That hereafter no go- vernor shall be capable of holding any other office of profit during the time for which he shall be elected. And be it enacted, That so much of the thirty-second and thirty-seventh articles of the constitution and form of government as is repugnant to, or inconsistent with, the provisions of this act, be and the same is hereby abrogated and abolished. And be it enacted, That if this act shall be confirmed by the general assembly, af- ter the next election of delegates, in the first session after such new election as the constitution and form of government directs, that in such case this act, and the altera- tion and amendment of the constitution and form of government therein contained, shall be ta- ken and considered, and shall constitute and be valid, as a part of the said constitu- tion and form of government any thing therein contained to the contrary notwith- standing. July 3—taw3m.
SUGARS, WINES, TEAS, PORK, &c. W. and C. SMITH having received by the Ceres, Capt. Weeks, from N. York. 20 Hhds excellent Havana Muscovado Sugar. 10 Chests fresh Hyson and Young Hyson Teas. 40 Quarter Casks Teneriffe, Lisbon, Sher- ry and Catalonia Wines. 10 Boxes Claret, 1 doz. each. 50 Doz. Fresh London Mustard. 1 Case fresh Nutmegs. 34 Barrels N. York Prime Pork very su- perior quality. And a few Puncheons of well flavored An- tigua Rum. Geo. Town, Aug. 16—taw3w.
COMMERCIAL COMPANY. In store, and landing from on board the Ceres, Capt. Weeks, and for sale on the usual terms. MUSCOVADO Sugar, Rum, Gin, Cogniac Brandy, Coffee, Imperial, Hyson & Y Hyson Tea, Almonds, Nutmegs, Cloves, Mace, Cinnamon, Pepper, Ginger, Sperma- ci, and Tallow Candles, Soap, Fig Blue— Mess and Prime Pork, Corks, Sheet Iron, Tin, and a few boxes of Pipes—Gun-powder and shot. Also, Maderia, Marseilles, Lis- bon, Sherry, Catalonia & Claret Wine. JOSEPH FORREST, Prest. Aug. 11—cop3w.
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD. ABSCONDED on the 21st of July last, from the subscriber, (manager at the farm of Mr. Isaac Duckett, on South river, near Annapolis) Negro TOM, a small black fellow, lost the sight of one eye. Had on when he absconded, osnaburg shirt and trousers. Any person taking up said Negro and bringing him to the subscriber, or secur- ing him in jail, so that I get him again, shall receive the above reward. This Negro was purchased of Capt. J. S. Brooks about five years since; it is probable he may be in the neighborhood of Upper Marlborough. HENRY BASFORD. August 7—4f
NOTICE TO COTTON SPINNERS. THE Manufacturing Company of the city of Washington, have erected a machine for carding Cotton on Pennsylvania Avenue, fourth house west of President's Square, where Spinners can be supplied with good Cotton, soaped, cleaned and carded into rolls 24 inches long, for 40 cents per pound. I want a good Weaver (of Cotton goods,) to whom instant employment will be given. Also, three Slaves, viz. one to work a carding machine, one to do house work, and a girl to attend children.—Should prefer those from the country. J. GARDNER, Superintendent. Pennsylvania Avenue, August 22, 1809.
BY HIS EXCELLENCY, EDWARD LLOYD, ESQ. GOVERNOR OF MARYLAND. A PROCLAMATION. WHEREAS it has been officially repre- sented to me that a certain Thomas Bark, who has lately been sentenced by the judges of Washington county court, to suffer death, for a Rape committed on the body of Catharine Maria Brawner, an infant under the age of 12 years, made his escape from Washington county jail, on the evening of the 4th July inst. And whereas it is obvi- ously the duty of the Executive, in the execu- tion of the laws, to bring all malefactors to justice—I have therefore thought proper to issue this my proclamation, and do by and with the advice and consent of the Council, offer Three hundred Dollars Reward to any person or persons who shall apprehend and bring to justice the said Thomas Bark. Given under my hand and the seal of the state of Maryland, this 15th day of July, in the year of our Lord 1809, and the indepen- dence of the United States of America, the thirty-fourth. EDWARD LLOYD. By his excellency's command, NINIAN PINKNEY, Clerk of the Council.
Ordered that the foregoing proclamation be published twice in each week for the space of six weeks, in the American and Federal Gazette at Baltimore, the Maryland Gazette and Maryland Republican at Anna- polis, the National Intelligencer, the Mary- land Herald at Hagerstown, Bartgis's paper at Fredericktown, and in the Star at Easton. By order, NINIAN PINKNEY. July 31—taw6w
CHARLES J. NOURSE Offers for sale—Chateaux Margaux Claret in boxes of 1 dozen. Genuine Old London Particular wine in half pipes and quarter casks. Best Sallad Oil in baskets of 6 bottles each, &c. &c. &c. George Town, May 24—tf
FOR SALE. WILL be sold at public sale, on the first Monday in October next, if not previously disposed of, that valuable farm in Prince George's County, Maryland, known by the name of ST. OSYTH. ST. OSYTH contains by estimation seven hundred and fifty acres of Land, between seventy and eighty acres of which are meadow, now fit for the scythe, and capable of being made to produce an hundred tons of hay at a crop—about two hundred and fifty or three hundred are in wood and timber, and the residue arable. No place perhaps in America, can be better watered or more healthy. The improvements consist of a dwelling house, two stories high, forty-two feet long by thirty-six wide, with a passage through the middle, three rooms below and four above, with a garret the whole size of the house, a kitchen and laundry under the same roof, two stories high, with two large rooms above for servants, a meat house, wash house, corn house and granary, a large tobacco house which may very easily be converted into a barn, a productive gar- den and pigeon house, and a young thriving orchard of excellent fruit and of great va- riety from Prince's nursery on Long Island. The enclosures are new and in good order. Upon the same property and within a quar- ter of a mile is a small dwelling house with three rooms below and two above stairs, a kitchen, meat house and barn. This place at a small expense may be easily fitted up and made a most comfortable house for a small family. St. Osyth lies within four miles of the city of Washington, and about the same distance from the nearest ferry to Alexandria. If sold at private sale the low- est price for this valuable property is ten pounds an acre. A further description of the property is deemed unnecessary as those inclined to purchase will doubtless come and see it. The terms of sale may be known on applying to the subscriber living on the pre- mises, Col. Sam. Hanson of Washington, or Dr. Wm. Baker, George Town. On the same day, if not before by private sale disposed of, will be sold the negroes, stock, etc. attached to the estate of the late O. Carr, deceased. The negroes will be sold for a term of years. For sale—Also, the following lots in the city of Washington. Lot No. 2, in sq. 702, front 54 feet 7 in. depth 175 ft. 8 in. In sq. 906 Lots No. 13, front 57 10 1-2, depth 100 ft. 25 ft. No. 14, front 58, depth 73. No. 15, 54 front, 78 and 100, 10 1-2 depth. No. 16, 54 front, 100 ft. 10 1-2 in. depth. No. 17, front 49 ft. 6 in. depth 100 10 1-2. JONA. B. CARR, Executor. May 17—1wt.
NOTICE. The subscriber begs leave to inform the public, that he has opened a shop opposite the West Market House, near the Seven Buildings, where he means to carry on the White Smith, Lock and Gun Smith Busi- ness, also, the Cutlery and Bell-Hanging business. He also promises to give the greatest attention to all persons who may be good enough to favor him with their cus- tom. CALEB HESSEY. July 24—w8t.
NOTICE. WILL be sold on Wednesday the 30th inst. at the dwelling house of Mr. John Dempsey, near the Navy Yard, a quantity of Household and Kitchen furniture, com- prising mahogany chairs, tables, &c. also a nine plated stove, &c. Sale to commence at 10 o'clock in the forenoon—Terms, all sums under $ 20 cash —all above $ 20 notes at 60 days, with good endorsers. ELIZABETH DEMPSEY, Executrix. N. I. & H. M. QUEEN, Auctioneers. Aug. 25—3t.
NOTICE. THE Citizens of Washington who have neglected to procure FINE BUCKETS agreeably to an act of the Corporation, passed 10th January, 1803, are requested to procure their complement of Fire Buckets complete, on or before the 15th day of Sep- tember next; viz. one bucket to contain at least two & one half gallons, for each story; the buckets not to be made use of for any other purpose, and to be placed in some conspicuous part of their dwelling, ware or store-houses, under the penalty prescribed by law. By order of the Mayor, JOHN C. SHINDLE, Inspector. August 25—3t.