The national intelligencer and Washington advertiser. (Washington City [D.C.]), 1807-03-23 00:00:00

NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER, AND WASHINGTON ADVERTISER.
VOL. VII.
WASHINGTON CITY, PRINTED BY SAMUEL HARRISON SMITH, PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE.
No. 1004
FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM.
MONDAY, MARCH 23, 1807.
PAID IN ADVANCE.
CONGRESS.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
FRIDAY, FEB. 27.
DEBATE ON THE SALT BILL.
(CONTINUED.)
MR. J. RANDOLPH. Certainly Sir, I am very sorry for wishing to have this resolution referred to the committee of Ways and Means. If I had wished it, I should have made a motion to that effect, or have found as much interest in the House as to have got some friend to make it. I do trust however that as long as there shall exist a committee of Ways and Means in the House, and as long as I shall be in any wise connected with that committee, there will be devolved on them purposes much more worthy than that devolved by this resolution. The committee of Ways and Means reported substantially such a bill as that proposed by the resolution. That bill has been rejected by the other branch of the legislature; and now it is proposed to go through the miserable farce of appointing a committee of enquiry. For such profound enquiries the capacities of the members of the committee of Ways and Means are unfit, and I have not the smallest desire to participate in the glory, or as I take it, the discredit of such a motion. It appears to me that the motion before the House is nothing more or less than a proposal to the same miserable farce of tergiversation relative to the salt tax and the Mediterranean fund played over the last session. Their high mightinesses the Senate—
The Speaker said it was not in order to make such allusions to the Senate.
MR. J. RANDOLPH.—Elevated above us by a tenure of six years in office, and by being few in number, they are sullenly or pettishly to reject our bills, and then you are to coax them into a change of opinion, that by a stern and aristocratical pride, they may saddle the nation, not only with the Mediterranean fund, but likewise with the salt tax. If gentlemen will bring in one bill for taking off the salt tax, and another for continuing the Mediterranean fund, I will vote with them, if the measure can be done with credit to our country. I understand that it is because these measures have been mixed that we have been so treated. If the Senate will descend from their supercilious elevation—
The Speaker again interrupted Mr. Randolph.
MR. J. RANDOLPH. I am not willing to court the Senate. I respect them as our equals, as a co-ordinate branch of the legislature, not on account of the fewness of their numbers, or the period for which they are elected. Standing here as the representative of the people, I consider the dignity of this House dearer than any thing else, and that it cannot be separated from the honor and happiness of the nation.
Now for the point of responsibility. Last session we passed a bill on the subject. The Senate sent it back—we showed a kind of resistance, but the nation was eventually saddled with both the salt tax and the Mediterranean fund. At this session we have done the same thing. We sent a similar bill to the Senate, passed by an almost unprecedented majority, passed on the recommendation of the chief magistrate. The Senate send us back this bill. They take the responsibility on themselves; and on their shoulders let it lie. Let us not step forward to relieve them from the responsibility of having twice refused its passage. I said it was passed on the recommendation of the chief magistrate—not that that consideration had any influence on my vote. I should have voted for it, had I stood alone.
When I examine the fiscal arrangements of the government I do not see any embarrassment that can arise from any events that can be foreseen, from this business remaining as it is now. If we now let the Mediterranean fund fall, we may offer it at the next session as a fair exchange for the salt tax. But if we send the proposed bill to the Senate, we will be our language—"We have acted with great precipitation—we wish to act with great circumspection—we have acted with circumspection—we give you notice that we will bluster a little, but you must not give way."—Instead then of getting rid of the salt tax by this motion, you will only get the Mediterranean fund tacked to the salt tax. This will be the upshot of the business as sure as you are in your seats. I therefore feel no hesitation in giving the motion my negative. If gentlemen wish to take off the salt tax, it is competent for them to do so; but I will not under this specious pretext, put myself into a situation to treble the public burdens. In every awkward attempt to get out of the morass, you will only sink the deeper. If you send such a bill you will get the Mediterranean fund added to it. If there exists a temper in the other branch to sanction such
a bill as is proposed, let them display it and send us such a bill.
MR. JACKSON. It is objected to this motion that we shall disgrace the dignity of the House of Representatives, if we offer the bill, which it contemplates, to the Senate. This is the first time that I ever heard the taking off burdens from the people styled a disgrace. Gentlemen must have forgotten their own conduct on the slave bill. It is the first time that I ever heard it considered disgraceful when the two branches of the legislature disagree in matters of detail, to endeavor to effect an accommodation. I confess I considered the House on this occasion as acting with precipitation; and for one I did not consider the vote to adhere as final. I had no desire to act superciliously to the Senate; and I am ready to acknowledge that this was an improper mode of legislation. I never can see that it is proper, in order to get rid of one thing to swallow another. Being however in favor of both propositions contained in the bill I could not object to it, although I think they ought not to have been associated. But to return to the question of dignity or superciliousness. The Senate sent us back our bill with an amendment only to take off immediately the duty of 3 cents on salt. We rejected their proposition in a manner which must have excited their feelings, if they had any. I believe that manner was unprecedented—I do not recollect a single instance in which the House peremptorily refused, by a final vote, any modification proposed by the Senate, without some previous effort to accommodate. Believing therefore that we acted superciliously to them, I consider it the essence of true dignity to make a proper acknowledgment. This however is not necessarily the effect of this measure. Its strong recommendation is, that it manifests a disposition to conciliate, and that it goes to relieve the people from a considerable burden, from a tax, which although it only amounts to 600,000 dollars, is more burdensome than the Mediterranean fund. If gentlemen wish to divide these questions, I have no objection. I should be content to have two resolutions or two bills, provided the House should be enabled to act on them the same session. When this subject was before discussed I was silent, because my ideas were anticipated by other gentlemen—not from indifference to the importance of the question. In the country I represent, salt costs the people four or five dollars the bushel. I therefore consider it my bounden duty, on every proper occasion, to use my efforts to get rid of such a tax.
MR. R. NELSON. It may seem extraordinary that on this occasion I shall vote against the resolution; as heretofore on every question going to repeal the salt duty, I have voted for it. But I cannot, on principles of policy or honor, vote for this resolution. I ask gentlemen what reason they have to expect that the other branch of the legislature will assent to it. Are we, by creeping into lobbies, and whispering about it, to get information as to their particular views, and to act on this information? We pass a bill and send it to the other branch of the legislature. They negative it; and the very next day we send them another bill to the same effect. We must infer that they will treat this second bill in the same way they treated the first. This must be the opinion of every man on whom no out of door or private influence has operated. Against this species of legislation I hold up both my hands. I will not be influenced by the whispers that circulate through your lobbies. Why then make this attempt when there is no probability of success. But say gentlemen, let us try again. I say however you may try and try until you are more familiarized. If the responsibility now rests on the other branch of the legislature, let us not take it off. Let them bear it. To do this will be to prostrate the dignity of the House and the dignity of the people, whose honor as well as interest we are bound to maintain. Though no man is more desirous than myself of getting rid of the tax on salt, I can never bring myself to vote for such a resolution.
MR. ALSTON. I am sorry that the gentleman from Maryland, for whom I feel a high respect, has thrown out any insinuation of secret influence, I can assure the gentleman from the time of the disagreement of the two Houses until the time I determined to offer this resolution, I did not cast my eye on a Senator. On conversing with gentlemen who occupy the same lodgings with myself, we all agreed that we had acted precipitately. Indeed it appeared that some gentlemen were not acquainted with the vote they gave. We then determined to offer this resolution. There is one part of the proposition now under consideration, that I presume the gentleman from Virginia will not say that it becomes the Senate to originate. He will not say that it will be proper for the Senate to send us a bill for continuing the Mediterranean fund. Away then with such ideas. The measure must originate with us; and for one I am willing to submit to all the
dishonor which may attach to the vote for repealing the duties on salt.
MR. SMILIE said he had always voted in favor of the repeal of this act. He had uniformly been of opinion that it was the first tax that ought to be abandoned, whenever the circumstances of the country admitted of it. As to true honor and dignity he considered them as connected with the public good; not as consisting in destroying the harmony of the two branches, which on the contrary he deemed it his duty to use every effort to preserve. The question is, have the Senate assumed any constitutional power that does not belong to them? He was convinced they had not. For one, he felt sorry he had voted to adhere. He believed the usual course of proceeding was the best, and if blame attached any where it must be to themselves. He trusted, instead of increasing the breach with the Senate, the House would aim at conciliation. Their dignity was only concerned in one way, and that was in doing their duty. He did believe it possible so to modify the bill, as to obtain the assent of the Senate.
MR. QUINCY. Adopt the resolution under consideration, and its aspect will be this—the Senate will appear to be anxious to relieve the people from their burdens, and we anxious to impose them. Your proposition is to relieve to the extent of 600,000 dollars, and to impose a million. I wish the House to hold a different language.
MR. BIDWELL said that his colleague had observed that there was a material difference between the propositions of the Senate and of the House. (Mr. Bidwell here stated the several propositions.) With regard to the Mediterranean fund, said Mr. B., my colleague will find that the disagreeing votes only amount to this; the House are willing to continue that fund until the end of the next session, while the Senate are for continuing it only to the first of January. Though I could have preferred the course pursued by the House, yet I am not unwilling to agree to that pointed out by the Senate. Believing with the Senate, that it will be beneficial to relieve the people from the permanent tax on salt; and to continue the Mediterranean fund until the first of January, or to the end of the next session, I am desirous of making one more effort to accommodate the differences between the two Houses. I am sorry that a comparison has been made between the Senate and House of Representatives. The gentleman from Virginia has said that it was competent for the Senate to send us a bill repealing the duties on salt, and continuing the Mediterranean fund.
MR. J. RANDOLPH explained. I may have so expressed myself, but I meant to have said the Senate might send us a bill to repeal the salt tax, to which we might add a clause for continuing the Mediterranean fund.
MR. BIDWELL. No gentleman will contend that the Senate could originate a bill for the continuance of the Mediterranean fund. I am sorry that any allusion has been made to the Senate, or comparison drawn on the score of dignity between the two Houses. As I believe we may form a bill in which both branches shall agree, to ensure the suppression of the salt tax, I hope this resolution will be agreed to.
MR. SLOAN. With the gentleman from Maryland, I am sorry to see this House getting into such a monstrous course of legislation; and I agree with him, that if persisted in, it will become ruinous to our country. I had always supposed that to promote the happiness of the people, it was proper for the two branches to act harmoniously. In the four sessions during which I have had the honor of a seat on this floor, I do not recollect an instance in which there has been such a rejection, without a previous attempt at conciliation. I am alarmed to see such conduct. Permit me to borrow the language of the gentleman from Virginia, who told us on a former occasion, that it made no odds to him whether the peace and harmony of the U. S. were destroyed by a Burr, a conspirator, or a commander in chief of the army of the U. S. Permit me to say it makes no odds to me whether the peace and harmony of my country is destroyed by a Burr, a conspirator, or a member on this floor, possessed of the privilege attached to his seat. I do not conceive it derogatory to this House to endeavor at the last moment to pass a bill deemed essential to the interests of the country. I trust the measure will not be given up until it shall be altogether out of our power to effect it.
MR. D. R. WILLIAMS moved to adjourn.
This motion was lost—Ayes 25.
MR. ELMER was sorry so much time had been taken up on the relative honor of the Senate and the House. He said he should have been willing to have taken off the salt tax a month ago, but at this late period, when time was so precious, it did not become them to trifles as they did, at the end of the last session. The question was not in his
opinion of so much importance as some gentlemen imagined. As the Senate had taken the responsibility upon themselves, if there was any, he was willing they should keep it. He hoped the question would be taken and the motion disagreed to.
MR. VARNUM. Gentlemen feel on this subject according to their situations. It is a fact that this tax is not of much importance to those gentlemen who live on the sea-coast; because the exhalation from the sea impregnates their grass. But those at a distance very properly consider it as a great burden. I must give great credit to gentlemen from the western country, who manufacture among themselves salt sufficient for their consumption, for their readiness to relieve the other parts of the country from the burden imposed by this tax. I am surprised that those on the Atlantic board do not avow the same willingness. Though gentlemen may think that they do not act from selfish motives, I apprehend it will be thought that they do insensibly act from such motives. Is it possible that any gentleman can consider the duty on salt a just and equal tax? It is impossible to entertain this opinion of a tax operating almost exclusively on the middle part of the U. S. from New Brunswick to Florida. I am peculiarly astonished that any gentleman from the state which I have the honor to represent, should be opposed to this repeal, or should have made these nice questions of order, when it is recollected how benefited the people in his part of the country are by the bounties paid by the government.
MR. V. concluded by observing that he was ready to take any measures that were honorable, to effect a repeal of so oppressive a tax. He was certain there was no act within the power of the legislature that would be so satisfactory to those who paid the tax.
MR. ELY. I am sorry to add to the astonishment of my colleague. For my part I am willing to consult the interest of my constituents as much as I ought; and in this measure I believe my constituents are as much interested as his, and I believe more so; but there seems to be a kind of magic in this name of salt tax. My constituents do not complain more of it than any other tax. I do not know the reason—perhaps it may be that they are not so intelligent as the constituents of my colleague. They rejoice that government may be kept up, and yet that taxes may be relinquished from time to time; but they cannot conceive that the getting rid of twelve hundred thousand dollars is not more important than getting rid of a tax of half a million; with them I agree that getting rid of the former is of the most consequence. Heretofore I have been in favor of taking measures for repealing the salt tax; and on the same principle I should vote for the repeal of every tax, that the persons in government shall say they do not want. I wish sincerely to get off all unnecessary taxes as fast as I can, and I think the taking off the tax of 1200,000 dollars is a very important thing. When however we have taken early and honorable measures to get rid of the salt duty and laid that measure before the Senate; and we see that they have turned about and told us they will continue the salt tax and take off the Mediterranean fund, and I observe gentlemen rest under the most intolerable uneasiness, because they have relieved the people of a burden of 1200,000 dollars and I have laid a burden of 500,000, I confess I feel surprised. I cannot unite with gentlemen in the alarm they have expressed; on the contrary I am ready to say this is a procedure which I hope the House will never adopt.
MR. FISK. I have no idea that my duty and dignity, or the honor or interest of the House are implicated in this course of procedure. The gentleman from Massachusetts may exercise his ingenuity as he pleases; but he will never make the people of this country believe that there is no difference between a partial and impartial tax. Does he not know too that there are many articles of consumption which a man may obtain or not, as he pleases, and that there are others which are absolutely indispensable; of the last of which salt is one. Does not the poor man in the interior, who is obliged to pay so exorbitantly for this article, know that his rich neighbor on the Atlantic does not pay in the same ratio? If he has the independence of an American, will he not complain? I hope therefore we shall meet this question and try again to have the duty taken off.
MR. QUINCY said he should not have risen again, but for the idea that the people on the sea board pay nothing—and for the impression of some gentlemen that they eat no salt. Mr. Q. said they used it as well as other people in the U. S. It might be true that in the interior the tax bore somewhat harder. But the question then under consideration was, whether they should entirely take off this tax, or take a scale and reduce the existing taxes on various other articles.
MR. ELMER. Gentlemen speak as
if those against this motion were against taking off the duty on salt. This is not so. We have already made the attempt, & there is no chance of success. Gentlemen certainly carry their ideas on this subject too far. The salt tax is unequal, but by no means so much so as they contend. Wealthy people consume salt nearly in proportion to their wealth. It is a tax which I wish repealed; but I think I have done all in my power to repeal it. I believe gentlemen would not be so anxious on this subject if it were not for the Mediterranean fund. I should prefer the continuance of the latter tax; but if the Senate differ from us and we cannot do otherwise, we ought to let the business rest where it is. I consider the vote of adherence as very proper to convey our sentiments to the Senate; to let them know that they must repeal the duty on salt or the Mediterranean fund would die. The Senate have taken their choice and we have now no alternative left.
MR. EPPES. After the impatience manifested by the House, I shall trouble them with but very few observations. I shall not submit my ideas on the general question, as with few exceptions we are all in favor of a repeal of the duties on salt. The great difficulty is the mode of getting at this question. Gentlemen seem to have converted it into a question of etiquette. It seems to be like a question settled some centuries ago, between two ladies of rank, who met in a narrow lane, and were both obliged by high authority to back their carriages. It is true the resolution is somewhat extraordinary; but what has produced this? Our rules; under which, though it is not in order to hand in a bill to effect any particular purpose, it is yet in order to pass a resolution to the same effect. As I have been uniformly in favor of repealing the salt tax, I am not disposed, because the Senate have rejected our bill, to deprive the people of this advantage. Two objections however are started. First, that if we send the Senate a new bill, we shall be saddled with the Mediterranean fund; and secondly, that in so doing we shall compromise the dignity of the House.
The first objection goes to the details and not to the principle of the measure. Any gentleman may propose to separate the two objects at present embraced by the resolution. I for one shall be very happy in giving the business that direction; as I see no necessity for the connection, and as I am willing to guard against the possibility of being tricked into a continuance of the Mediterranean fund.
As to the second objection, the danger of compromising the dignity of the House, if there are any facts in this case different from those which occurred in other cases, I am not acquainted with them. There is nothing uncommon in a bill being lost between the two Houses; and in case of any such important bill being lost, neither branch ought to stand on ceremony with regard to its origination. As to out of door influence I will say that I have had no connexion with the Senate; if I had, it could have no influence on my conduct. I stand here on independent grounds—I shall pursue what I deem right, and permit them to do so to.
MR. LLOYD. I have not the vanity to suppose that I can by any thing I can say, change the opinions of the members of this House; but considering the extraordinary course this business has taken and since the Yeas and Nays have been required, I think it proper to assign my reasons for the vote I shall give on this occasion. What in this instance is the conduct of the House, and of the gentlemen opposed to this resolution? Have not the latter gentlemen, while there was a prospect of a repeal, of the duties on salt, manifested equal zeal for that measure? Are the gentlemen who now urge this resolution so weak as to believe that we are to be taken in by such a proposition as they offer? Do they think that they will be thereby able to make the people believe that they are the exclusive friends of a repeal, when the speeches delivered on this occasion on both sides shall be published, and it shall appear that the opponents of this resolution were as inimical to the salt tax as its advocates. I am as much opposed to that tax as any man on this floor; and I have ever reprobated those who laid it. I am willing my conduct, as well as that of the House, should be reviewed by the world. On this review it will be found that the House passed an act repealing this odious tax—that they sent it to the Senate. What was the consequence? The Senate sent it back: they agreed to take off the duty of 3 cents; but not the duty of 12 cents. And we are told that the argument urged was that the latter duty was pledged for the payment of the national debt. When I voted to repeal this tax I voted on principle. I considered it as oppressive and unjust. Had the tax laid been one cent, I should have voted against it; and I pledge myself, unless otherwise instructed, I will not vote in favor of another tax until this shall be taken off. Gentlemen say we acted with precipitation in not giving the Senate an oppor-

...and accommodate. But... I have a gentleman been... I presume they will... We passed a... on principle... rejected in the... They feel... They re-... this very act raised... in the U. S. ... political... a cloud... which... It is said that... we have acted hastily. But it is more... in us to give the Senate the... a new bill, than for the Senate to offer... a bill to us? If they thought the measure now proposed... why did they not themselves propose a conference? Why then exonerate the Senate from this censure, and attach it to ourselves? I rose with unwillingness on this subject; but when I heard arguments urged with a view to lessening the confidence of the people in those who are opposed to this resolution, I thought it proper to offer my ideas. When this resolution and the debate which has taken place on it shall be published, I shall not fear to meet my constituents. Had it not been for this expression of my sentiments, it might perhaps have been imagined that those opposed to this resolution were likewise opposed to a repeal of the salt tax. I have been always opposed to that tax, but I have no reason to think that a legislative body will do that tomorrow which it has refused to day. For these reasons I shall vote against the resolution.
(TO BE CONTINUED.)
FROM THE PUBLIC ADVERTISER.
OF GUN-BOATS.
A gun-boat, carrying heavy metal, is a moveable fortification; and there is no mode or system of defence the United States can go into for coasts & harbors or ports, that will be so effectual as by gun-boats.
Ships of the line are by no ways fitted for the defence of a coast. They are too bulky to act in narrow waters, and cannot act at all in shoal waters. Like a whale they must be in deep water and at a distance from land.
Frigates require less room to act in than ships of the line; but a frigate is a feeble machine compared with a gun-boat. Were a frigate to carry and discharge the same weight of metal and ball that a gun-boat can do, it would shake her to pieces. The timbered strength of every ship of war is in proportion to the weight of metal she is to carry, and the weight of metal she is to be exposed to. The sides of a frigate are proof against the weight of a ball that a gun-boat can discharge. The difference between two ships of war is not so much in their number of guns, as in their weight of metal.
I remember the late Commodore Johnson saying in the British House of Commons at the commencement of the American war, that "A single gun in a retired situation would drive a ship of the line from her moorings. I mention this (said he) that too much may not be expected from the navy."
A gun-boat can carry a gun of the same weight of metal and ball that a ship of an hundred guns can carry; and she carries it to the greatest possible advantage. The shot from a gun-boat is a horizontal shot. The gun is fixed in a frame that dips in a groove, and when the man at the helm brings the head of the boat to point at the ship, the gun is pointed with it. When a ship fights with her starboard or larboard guns, she presents the whole broad side of the ship to the object she fires at. A gun-boat fights only with her head, that is, with the gun at her head, and when she fires at an object she presents only the breadth of the boat to that object. Suppose then a boat to be ten feet broad and two feet out of the water (I speak here of boats intended for the defence of the coasts, and of towns situated near the coast, & to carry a gun of the same weight of metal and ball that a ship of the line carries) such a boat will present a space to be fired at equal to twenty square feet, that is, ten feet horizontal length (being the breadth of the boat) and two feet perpendicular height, being the height of the boat out of the water. Suppose on the other hand, that a ship be an hundred feet long and ten feet high out of the water, she will present a space to be fired at equal to one thousand square feet, that is, a hundred multiplied by ten. It is probable that a ship in firing a gun-boat would fire one of her bow guns, because in so doing the apparently shortens about one half her length; but she can fire but one gun at a time in this angular position.
But the gun-boat has other chances in her favor besides what arise from the different dimensions of the two objects. If a shot from the ship, though in a straight line with the boat passes more than two feet above the water at the place where the boat is, it will pass over the boat without striking it. But a shot from the boat that is too high to strike the ship may strike the mast and carry it away. It is by this means that
masts are carried away. The shot that does it passes clear above the ship, and spends its whole force upon the masts. Again, if a shot from the ship passes an inch or two wide of the boat, it can do her no injury. But a shot from the boat that passes five or six inches wide of the body of the ship at the stern, may unship or carry away her rudder. This, and the carrying away a mast, are the two most fatal accidents that can befall a ship; yet neither of them can happen to a gun-boat.
Of the number of men killed or wounded in a ship, the greater part of them is not by cannon balls, but by splinters from the inside of the ship that fly in all directions, but the sides of a gun-boat not being thick like the sides of a ship, a ball would pass through without splintering; and as an effectual way to prevent splinters, should any happen or be apprehended, the sides of the boat on the inside should be lined with a strong netting made of cord which the men can make themselves. The cabins of French ships are frequently lined in this manner.
Musketry can be used by ship against ship in close action, but cannot be used against gun-boats, because a gun-boat drawing but little water, not more than two and a half or three feet, and depending upon oars, can always keep out of the reach of musketry. The proper distance for a gun-boat to fire at is point blank shot. The men should be frequently exercised at firing point blank shot at banks of earth on shore, or against the high perpendicular shores of rivers, like the North River, or against the hull of old ships that are to be broken up, the man at the helm to point the boat and give the order for firing. A gun-boat should not carry a less weight of ball than twenty-four pounds. A frigate would not chuse to expose her sides to such shot.
The first gun-boats built in the United States, were for the defence of the Delaware, in 1775 and '76. The Roebuck man of war came up the Delaware within a few miles of Philadelphia, and the gun-boats went and attacked her. The ship fired broadsides without striking any of the boats, and as the deep water the ship was in, was but narrow, the re-action of the broadsides forced her into shoal water, and she got aground. The man who commanded the gun-boats, a suspected character of the name of White, gave orders to the boats to cease firing, and when the tide rose the ship floated and made the best of her way to sea. White afterwards joined the British at New-York.
When General Howe failed from New-York in 1777, to get possession of Philadelphia, he avoided coming up the Delaware, where the gun-boats were, and went to the Chesapeake where there were none, and marched by land from the head of Elk into Pennsylvania. No cause can be assigned for this circuitous route of several hundred miles, but that of not exposing his ships and transports to the gun-boats. There were at that time a fortification on Mud Island a few miles below Philadelphia, and another at Red Bank on the Jersey shore opposite; but Howe could have landed below those, and out of the reach of their shot, but he could land no where on the Delaware shore, nor be any where with his ships in the Delaware, out of the Delaware, out of the reach of the moveable fortifications, the gun-boats. After Gen. Howe got possession of Philadelphia by land, the gun-boats quitted their station below and came above the city.
The Asia man of war, of 60 guns, Capt. Vandeput, got aground in New-York harbor, three or four miles below the city, in the spring of '76. General Lee commanded at New-York at that time, and had there been any gun-boats, they could have taken her, because they could have raked her fore and aft, and obliged her to strike. A man of war aground, is like a bird shot in the wing; it can make no effort to save itself. As to the guns on the point now called the Battery, they could do nothing. The ship was out of the reach of their shot.
The gun-boats built in France for the defence upon England are numerous and formidable, being more than two thousand. They were began in the year ninety-six. Those which I have seen, being both convoy and transport, were about sixty feet long, sixteen feet broad, drew about 2 1/2 feet water, carried a 24 or 36 pounder at the head, and a field piece in the stern, with a flap by which to run the field piece out as soon as the boat touches ground ahead, as they run a waggon out of a scow. Each boat carried 100 men, and rowed with twenty five oars on a side. They have since built a much larger sort called Praams. These also are flat bottomed, draw three or four feet water, and are from four to six hundred tons burthen, and carry several very large cannon, not less, I suppose, that 48 pounders at least.
The British men of war have made * Point blank musket shot is 250 yards point blank cannon shot varies according to the size of the cannon.
several attempts against the French gun-boats at Boulogne, but were always defeated. The last attempt was by fire arrows, which might be formidable against ships, because of their sails & rigging, but is ridiculous against gun-boats.
A great deal has been said in Congress and in the New-York newspapers, about fortifying New-York. Mr. N. Williams, in a speech in Congress, Jan. 23, said, "The gentleman on my right (meaning Mr. Smilie) meets the proposition for fortifying New-York with a most formidable objection. Expend, says he, what money you will, it is impossible to erect fortifications that shall prove sufficient to defend the harbor and city of New-York. He (Mr. Smilie) calls upon us for a plan, and tells us, that if it can be defended, to produce our plan." I do not (continues Mr. Williams) pretend to be very wise upon this subject myself, but I have been told that the ablest engineers have examined the position, and have given it as their opinion, that an effectual mode of defence is practicable. But if defence is impossible, I call upon the gentleman (meaning Mr. Smilie) to show wherein the peculiarity of the situation of that place (N. Y.) consists, to render it so. For surely the pretence of impossibility would not be made use of here, unless the city and harbor of New-York were different from all other places in the world that were ever defended.
I now come to reply to the demand Mr. Williams has made. I shall do this as concisely as the limit to which I confine myself will admit, but what I say will serve to sow seeds of thought in the minds of others upon this subject, & may prevent millions of dollars being wasted in vain.
Fortification is founded on geometrical principles, & where the condition of a place is such that those principles cannot be applied, that place cannot be fortified to produce any effect. A place that cannot be enclosed in a polygon, cannot be fortified on any principles of fortification, unless there be a part so strong by nature, as to be inaccessible to a besieging army. The fortified parts are then sections of a polygon. New-York cannot be enclosed in a polygon, & therefore cannot be fortified; neither is any part of it strong by nature. It is approachable in every part by land or water & besides this, can be bombarded across the East River from Long Island.
It is absolutely necessary in fortifying a town that all parts of it be equally strong or an enemy will attack only the weakest part. New-York cannot be made equally strong in all its parts, and therefore it is money thrown away to attempt to fortify it. Those who wish to know more on this subject may consult any encyclopaedia, or any dictionary of arts and sciences under the head of Fortification. They will there find plans of fortified places by Count Pagan, Blondel, Vauban, Scheiter, &c. But the plans and drawings are all on the same principles. They are all polygons.
Some of our New-York papers have talked of fortifying New-York with "impregnable fortifications." There never yet was an impregnable fortification nor ever can be. Every fortified place can be taken that can be approached. All that a fortified place can do is to delay the progress of an enemy till an army can arrive to raise the siege. Bonaparte takes every fortified place he goes against, but he fortifies no places himself. He trusts to the open field, for when you are master of the field (and the militia of the states are numerous enough to be master of the field against an enemy) fortifications are of no use. The population of the United States when the revolutionary war began was but two millions and an half. It is now nearly six millions, and surely the people are not grown cowards, whatever the fed. and tory faction may be. It was cowardice that made them Tories at first. The British impostor and emissary Cullen, alias Mac Cullen, alias Carpenter said in one of his papers that a single frigate could lay the city of New-York under contribution. This shewed the extreme ignorance of the man. Two twelve pounders, or heavier metal if it can conveniently be had, taken to the water edge, would soon oblige the frigate to quit her station. I saw this done in the revolutionary war to two frigates; the Pearl frigate and another with her. It proved commodore Johnson's opinion to be correct.
The lower a gun is to the surface of the water the more certain the shot is. This is one of the cases that gives a gun boat an advantage against ships. If a shot from a ship strikes another ship between wind and water it is always a chance occasioned by the heeling of the ship that is struck. But the direction of a shot from a gun boat is so nearly between wind and water that it generally strikes there or there abouts. As to land batteries that are elevated they have but little chance of striking a ship as their fire is always in an oblique or sloping direction; whereas from a gun boat it is a horizontal line. Fort Washington was built to prevent British ships going up the North River and it never struck one of them; but it killed three men by chance medley coming down the river in Gen. Washington's barge, and this was the only vessel it ever struck.
When all the plans that can be devised for fortifying the narrows are ex-
hausted, for there is no fortifying the city, it will be found that half a dozen gun-boats carrying twenty four pounders, will do it more effectually than can be done by any other method.
COMMON SENSE.
(By Authority.)
AN ACT
To prevent settlements being made on lands ceded to the United States, until authorised by law.
BE it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That if any person or persons shall, after the passing of this act, take possession of, or make a settlement on any lands ceded or secured to the United States, by any treaty made with a foreign nation, or by a cession from any state to the United States, which lands shall not have been previously sold, ceded, or leased by the United States, or the claim to which lands, by such person or persons, shall not have been previously recognised and confirmed by the United States; or if any person or persons shall cause such lands to be thus occupied, taken possession of, or settled; or shall survey or attempt to survey, or cause to be surveyed, any such lands; or designate any boundaries thereon, by marking trees, or otherwise, until thereto duly authorised by law; such offender or offenders, shall forfeit all his or their right, title, and claim, if any he hath, or they have, of whatsoever nature or kind the same shall or may be, to the lands aforesaid, which he or they shall have taken possession of, or settled, or cause to be occupied, taken possession of, or settled, or which he or they shall have surveyed, or attempt to survey, or cause to be surveyed, or the boundaries thereof he or they shall have designated, or cause to be designated, by marking trees or otherwise. And it shall moreover be lawful for the President of the United States, to direct the marshal, or officer acting as marshal in the manner herein after directed, and also to take such other measures, and to employ such military force as he may judge necessary and proper, to remove from lands ceded, or secured to the United States, by treaty, or cession as aforesaid, any person or persons who shall hereafter take possession of the same, or make or attempt to make a settlement thereon, until thereunto authorised by law. And every right, title, or claim, forfeited under this act, shall be taken and deemed to be vested in the United States, without any other or further proceedings: Provided, That nothing herein contained shall be construed to affect the right, title, or claim, of any person to lands in the territories of Orleans or Louisiana, before the board of commissioners established by the act, entitled "An act for ascertaining and adjusting the titles and claims to land within the territory of Orleans and the district of Louisiana" shall have made their reports and the decision of Congress been had thereon.
SEC. 2. And be it further enacted, That any person or persons who, before the passing of this act, had taken possession of, occupied, or made a settlement on any lands ceded or secured to the United States, by any treaty made with a foreign nation, or by a cession from any state to the United States, which lands had not been previously sold, ceded or leased by the United States, or the claim to which lands had not been previously recognised and confirmed by the United States; and who at the time of passing this act does or do actually inhabit and reside on such lands, may at any time prior to the first day of January next, apply to the proper register or recorder, as the case may be, of the land office established for the disposal, registering, or recording of such lands, or to such person or persons as may by such registers or recorders respectively, be appointed for the purpose of receiving such applications stating the tract or tracts of land thus occupied, settled, and inhabited by such applicant or applicants, and requesting permission to continue thereon; and it shall thereupon be lawful for such register or recorder respectively to permit in conformity with such instructions as may be given by the Secretary of the Treasury with the approbation of the President of the United States, for that purpose, such applicant or applicants to remain on such tract or tracts of land, not exceeding three hundred and twenty acres for each applicant, as tenants at will, on such terms and conditions as shall prevent any waste or damages on such lands, and on the express condition that such applicant or applicants shall, whenever such tract or tracts of land may be sold, or ceded by the United States, or whenever for any other cause, he or they may be required under the authority of the United States, so to do, give quiet possession of such tract or tracts of land, to the purchaser or purchasers, or remove altogether from the land, as the case may be: Provided however, That such permission shall not be granted to any such applicant, unless he shall previously sign a declaration stating that he does not lay any claim to such tract or tracts of land, and that he does not occupy the same by virtue of any claim or pretended claim derived or pretended to be derived from any other person or persons: and provided also, That in all cases where the tract of land applied for, includes either a lead mine or salt spring, no permission to work the same shall be granted without the approbation of the President of the United States, who is hereby authorised to cause such mines or springs to be leased for a term not exceeding three years, and on such conditions as he shall think proper.
SEC. 3. And be it further enacted, That all the applications and proceedings granted by virtue of the last preceding section, shall be duly entered or have to be kept for that purpose, by the registers and recorders aforesaid respectively; and they shall be entitled to receive from the party for each application, fifty cents, and for each permission one dollar.
SEC. 4. And be it further enacted, That it shall be lawful after the first day of January next, for the proper marshal or officer acting as marshal, under such instructions as may for that purpose be given by the President of the United States, to remove from the lands aforesaid, any, and every person or persons, as aforesaid, who were settled on such lands prior to the passing of this act. And every such person, who shall at any time after the expiration of three months after such notice shall have been given found on any part of the lands aforesaid, shall moreover incur a penalty of one hundred dollars, to be recovered in any court having jurisdiction of the same, and be moreover liable, on conviction, to imprisonment, at the discretion of the court, not exceeding six months; and the certificate of the proper register, or recorder, shall be a sufficient evidence that the tract of land which was occupied by the offender had not been previously sold, leased, or ceded by the United States, that the claim to such tract had not been recognised and confirmed by the United States, and that the person occupying the same, and removed, or to be removed, by the marshal, had not obtained permission to remain thereon in conformity with the provisions of this act: Provided always, and it is further enacted, That nothing in this section contained shall be construed to apply to any person claiming lands in the territories of Orleans or Louisiana, whose claim shall have been filed with the proper commissioners before the first day of January next.
NATHL. MACON, Speaker of the House of Representatives.
S. SMITH, President of the Senate, pro tempore March 3, 1807.
APPROVED, TH: JEFFERSON.
Bank of Columbia, March 19th, 1807.
THE Board of Directors having this day declared a dividend for the half year ending the 20th inst. at the rate of Eight per cent per annum—the same will be paid to the Stockholders or their Representatives at any time after this day
WILLIAM WHANN, Cashier. Georgetown March 20—epov
TAKE NOTICE.
The Commissioners of the tax for Prince George's county, will meet at Upper Marlborough, on Monday the 6th day of April next and continue to sit for eight days, for the purpose of making entries of such alterations as have taken place in the property in said county since their last meeting.
TELL TRUEMAN TYLER, Clerk. March 20—w3t
By the Orphans Court of St. Mary's county, February term, eighteen hundred and seven.
ORDERED that James Biscoe, executor of Deborah Wolfson's last will of St. Mary's county, deceased, give the notice required by law for creditors to exhibit their claims against the estate of the said deceased, and that the same be published once a week for six weeks in the Fredericktown Herald and National Intelligencer. In testimony whereof I have set my hand, this 4th day of March, Anno Domini, one thousand eight hundred and seven.
JAMES FORREST, Reg. Wills for St. Mary's county.
This is to give notice, that the subscriber of the city of Baltimore hath obtained from the Orphans Court of St. Mary's county, in Maryland, Letters Testamentary on the personal estate of Deborah Wolfson, late of the county aforesaid, deceased; all persons having claims against the said deceased are hereby warned to exhibit the same, with the vouchers thereof, to the subscriber, at or before the 4th day of September next, they may otherwise by law be excluded from all benefit of the said estate.
Given under my hand, this 4th day of March, Anno Domini, eighteen hundred and seven.
JAMES BISCOE, Executor. March 20—v.6t
THE CELEBRATED ENGLISH RUNNING HORSE CLIFDEN,
WILL stand the ensuing season at my Farm in Prince Georges county, about 5 miles from Queen Ann, 9 from Bladensburg, the same distance from Upper Marlborough, and about 13 from the city of Washington, and 23 DOLLARS the season; but 20 DOLLARS will be received in full if paid within the season; which will commence in March and end on the 1st of August. Good pasture will be furnished gratis, as soon as the grass is good, and in the mean time hay and corn furnished at the common price, for the Mare, according to orders. The utmost care will be taken of the mares, but I will not be answerable for accidents or escapes.
CLIFDEN is a horse of uncommonly fine form, above 13 and 1-2 hands high, of a beautiful deep blood-bay, and perhaps the strongest made thorough blooded horse on the continent. Large and powerful horses produce the only real good turf horses.
Mares of hand must be sent with the Mares. ISAAC DUCKETT. March 6—1807.

MONDAY, MARCH 23.
The piece in our preceding columns on Gun-Boats merits the particular attention of our readers. It is peculiarly seasonable at this time, and may be considered as the light of an appeal to the people from the decision in Congress. Our readers will recollect that after a most extensive discussion in the House of Representatives a bill was passed and sent to the Senate, appropriating 150,000 dollars for Gun-boats. This last appropriation was struck out by the Senate and the House acquiesced. It will also be recollected that the President recommended an appropriation of 300,000 dollars for building gun-boats. On this point, therefore, there appear to have been three different opinions. The President was of opinion that 300,000 dollars should be appropriated; the House of Representatives were of opinion that 150,000 dollars only should be appropriated; and the Senate were against any appropriation whatever. Amidst such a contrariety of sentiment, among the co-ordinate departments of the government, it becomes the people to direct their attention to the subject, and to form an opinion upon it that shall influence, as it no doubt will whenever clearly expressed, all the branches of the government. We have seen no essay on this subject so well calculated to enlighten the public mind as this. It has one advantage over perhaps any other which could be penned. The well-known signature of the writer will give it a passport to universal perusal. The friends of that writer, who can never forget the great services rendered by him in our revolutionary contest, must feel peculiar satisfaction in perceiving that he still continues to wield a vigorous pen in maintaining the cause of truth.
It is a memorable fact, most deserving of attention, that the most decided enemies of the gun-boat system, are the greatest friends of a navy. It is because they consider gun-boats useless;—or is it because they are afraid that if the experiment proposed to be tried with them should prove successful, it would supersede at least the extension of our present naval establishment?
The following gentlemen have been appointed by the President of the United States JUSTICES OF THE PEACE for the County of Washington, in the district of Columbia.
 Robert Brent, Thomas Penwick,  Thomas Peter, John B. Kirby,  William Thornton, John Ott,  Joseph Sprigg Belt, Samuel H. Smith,  Thomas Corcoran, Daniel Rabine,  Samuel N. Smallwood, Nicholas Young,  Robert Alexander, John Threlkeld,  Richard Parrott, 
The SENATE of NEW YORK have adopted the following ADDRESS.
To THOMAS JEFFERSON, PRESIDENT of the UNITED STATES.
SIR, The Legislature of the state of New York, sensible of the benefits derived from your past services and anticipating the importance of your future exertions to promote the happiness of your country, feel a peculiar pleasure in expressing their approbation of your conduct in the execution of the arduous duties devolved on the chief Executive of the nation.
Under your administration our liberties have been maintained, our rights protected and our independence preserved inviolate. Amidst the wars and tumults of a troubled world, the American name and character have acquired respectability among foreign nations, by the moderation, impartiality and wisdom of your measures, in preserving amicable negotiation to unnecessary warfare, in purchasing territories which might have been conquered, and in distributing equal justice to the weak, and the powerful, the savage and the civilized powers.
The natural tendency of civil government to extravagance and oppression, has been happily counteracted by the establishment of a system of economy in public expenditures, and by the abolition of useless offices and employments, at public debt, which was absorbing the revenues of the nation, and leading rapidly to a new tax on the and impoverishment of the people, has been greatly diminished. The principles of the revolution and the principles of our constitution have been restored and supported by your administration. The agriculture, the commerce, the manufactures and the population of the country have increased and flourished beyond all former example, and the blessings of prosperity have been felt in every part of the union, and by all descriptions of our citizens. The measures of opposition to a system of wise measures calculated to produce peace at home and ensure respect abroad, have been silenced not by the strong arm of power, but by the authority of reason and the force of truth. Where, sir, we perceive these inestimable blessings and consider your distinguished agency in producing them, we cannot refrain from indulging an ardent wish that our country may retain the aid of those talents and that patriotism to which under the smiles of Providence we are so greatly indebted. Under these impressions we sincerely hope that you may feel disposed to accord with the general wish of your fellow-citizens, by again consenting to be a candidate for the greatest honor which a nation of free men can bestow, and a friend of free-
dom can receive; and we are firmly persuaded that you will be supported with zeal by every enlightened friend of the liberty, and prosperity of the United States.
CIRCULAR.
United States ship Constitution, Gibraltar Bay, Dec. 20, 1806.
SIR, The Tunisian Ambassador left this on the 31st inst. carrying with him impressions not the most favorable towards our government, which may induce the Bey to act in a hostile manner to our flag; in consequence of which, I think it prudent to advise you of the circumstance, and recommend to the commanders of American vessels not to sail without first being convinced that hostilities have not commenced.
The present force under my command are, the Constitution, brig Hornet, and schooner Enterprise, with which I shall render every service in my power to the commerce of the United States. I have the honor to be, Sir, very respectfully, HUGH G. CAMPBELL.
Wm. Kirkpatrick, Esq. A true Copy.
MALAGA, December 20, 1806. Wm. Kirkpatrick.
Sentence pronounced in the vice-admiralty prize court of Antigua, Feb. 5th, 1807, by its honor the judge.
In the case of schr. Sally Ann, John Chamant, master and owner, bound on a voyage from New-York to Guadalupe.
The counsel for the captors urged, that the goods (say seventy-odd hds. casks) were French produce, imported at New York from France by a Frenchman, and now destined for a French colony. No proof could be produced; that they had not been imported with an intention to be exported.
SEN TENCE.
This case arises on the importation of sundry goods, the produce of the enemy the manufacture of France, shipped by a denotized Frenchman, to a French colony. I am satisfied with the national character of Mr. Longemay, (the shipper) and am equally disposed to allow the certificate of the custom house, that is, that the certificate is in the usual form.
This trade with the enemy's colonies is now allowed, but formerly was not. There are doubts at home, meaning (G. B.) whether the rule of 1756, shall not again be adopted—but I trust it will. By the separation of America from G. B. a neutral power has arisen. America is allowed to import as much as she can consume, and to export what she can legally. There are French goods imported into the U. States, and by the custom house said to be duly imported. I will watch a French cargo narrowly, in order that the relaxations may not be abused. Claimants know very well that the word duty may apply to goods for exportation. One circumstance has escaped the captor's council, viz. that the goods came within the 12 months allowed for exportation. Are the Americans become enamoured with French manufactures? No—I know they prefer others. The charter party is another link in the chain of fraud—What is the conclusion? but that the goods shipped were not sufficient to load the vessel. The case of the Polly, Lasky, master, 2d admiralty reports, page 361, is done away, the proofs on that occasion are not deemed sufficient by the superior court.
If French goods are entered for exportation, then there can be no doubt of an ultimate French destination—that they were duly imported, is not sufficient. I must have good and sufficient proof that these goods were not imported for the purpose of being exported, but had become part of the national stock.
An order for further proof was decreed as to the French articles—the American produce acquitted.
FROM THE SCIOTO GAZETTE.
Chillicothe, February 26. The governor of this state has obligingly favored us with a copy of a letter from the President of the U. States, which gives us much pleasure in publishing, inasmuch as it is a just tribute of praise bestowed upon our constituted authorities, and those of our fellow citizens who distinguished themselves by their patriotism in the late occurrence, relative to the conspiracy formed by Colonel Burr; and most confound with shame, those who were base enough, either to throw obstacles in the way, or to attempt to turn into ridicule their united efforts for the public good.
Washington, Feb. 2d, 1807.
SIR, The pressure of business during a session of the legislature, has rendered me more tardy in addressing you than it was my wish to have been. That our fellow citizens of the west, would need only to be informed of criminal machinations against the public safety, to crush them at once, I never entertained a doubt. I have seen with the greatest satisfaction, that among those who have distinguished themselves by their fidelity to their country, on the occasion of the enterprise of Mr. Burr, yourself & the legislature of Ohio have been the most eminent: the promptitude and energy displayed by your state has been as honorable to itself, as salutary to its sister states; and in declaring that you have deserved well of your country, I do but express the grateful sentiment of every faithful citizen in it. The hand of the people has given a mortal blow to a conspiracy, which in other countries would have called for an ap-
peal to arms, and has proved that government to be the strongest, of which every man feels himself a part. It is a happy illustration too, of the importance of preserving to the state authorities all that vigor which the constitution foresaw would be necessary, not only for their own safety, but for that of the whole. In making these acknowledgements of the merit of having set this illustrious example of exertion for the common safety, I pray that they may be considered as addressed to yourself and the legislature particularly, and generally to every citizen who has availed himself of the opportunity given, of proving his devotion to his country.
Accept my salutations and assurances of great consideration and esteem."
Signed, "TH: JEFFERSON." His excellency, "Gov. TIFFIN."
FOR SALE, Fresh Red CLOVER SEED, By UNIS CRAVEN, near the Navy Yard. March 23—1m
THE COMMISSIONERS
Appointed under an act of the Corporation of Washington for building a TOBACCO WAREHOUSE on square 307, will receive Proposals in writing, until the 1st day of April next, for the following Materials and Workmanship: 30 000 hard bricks, 40 cords of stone, 108 squares of slate, The Rafter and necessary lumber for the roof and workmanship for the same. N. B. A plan of the roof may be seen by application to G. Coombe. DANIEL CARROLL, of Dud'n. GRIFFITH COOMBE, JAMES D. BERRY, Commissioners. March 23—4t
PUBLIC SALE.
By order of the Orphans Court of Prince Georges county, will be exposed at public sale, to the highest bidder, at the farm lately occupied by Mr. Richard Crampkin, and at his late dwellings in the town of Bladensburg, on Tuesday the 5th day of April, next if fair if not the next fair day—all the residue or unford part of the deceased's personal estate, (except the crop of tobacco) consisting of a valuable man servant, a pair of well grown oxen, about 80 barrels of merchantable corn, 150 bushels of clean rye, about 10,000 weight of Hay, and various other articles too tedious to mention. The sale will commence on the farm, at 9 o'clock in the morning, and continue from day to day until all is sold. Terms of sale, a credit till the 10th day of March 1808, for all sums above ten pounds, the purchaser or purchasers to give bond, with two good and sufficient securities, (reschedors if required) carrying interest from the day of sale; and for all purchases to the amount of Ten pounds and under, the cash is to be paid—No property will be delivered until previously paid or bonded for, as above. THOMAS BOWIE, Adm'r. of Richard Crampkin. March 23—1dof
20 Dollars Reward.
WAS Stolen from the subscribers stable, near the Navy Yard, on the night of the 10th inst. a SOREL HORSE about 7 years old. He has a number of white hairs over his body. A blaze in his face, and on his off hind foot, a remarkable stripe of white ending in a point near his knee. He trots remarkably fast and hard, and all round. Ten dollars reward will be given for the horse, and the above for the horse and thief, and all reasonable charges paid by me. BENJAMIN KING. March 123—3t.
State of Maryland, Montgomery county wit, November term 1806, among other things is the following to, wit:
ORDERED by the court that all suits transmitted from the General Court to this court, under the act of assembly entitled "An act to provide for the organization and regulation of the courts of common law in this state, and for the administration of justice," and continued under the rule to employ new counsel, shall not continue longer than to the end of the next court, under the said rule, and the suitors interested therein are hereby required to appear to the same in person or by counsel on or before the second day of next term, or the same will be tried, or discontinued as the case may be during the said term. Copy test, UPTON BEALL, Clk Montgo. January 5—11m
NOTICE.
HIS is to give notice, that the subscriber Shermerfer county in the state of Maryland, hath obtained from the Orphans' Court of Worcester county in said state, letters of administration, with the will annexed, on the personal estate of Joseph Bounce, late of Worcester county aforesaid deceased—All persons having claims against the said deceased, are hereby hereby warned to exhibit the same with the vouchers to the subscriber at or before the first day of September next, they may otherwise by law be excluded from all benefit of the said estate. Given under my hand this 10th February 1807. LEVI PEABODY, Adm'r of Joseph Bounce. February 26—UG6t
MONDAY, MARCH 23.
Extract of a letter from a gentleman of respectability in Covington (Creek Nation) dated March 4 1807.
"Yesterday col. Aaron Burr passed here, conducted (as a prisoner of the U. S.) by a guard of ten men."
This information is corroborated by a letter received from a gentleman who resides at Fort Stoddert, who says that Mr. Burr passed through that place about ten days previous to the date of the above letter.
The ship Packet, arrived at Boston, in 26 days from Liverpool, brings London papers as late as the 12th of Feb.
The Boston Centinel says, French Bullets, to No. 52, inclusive, are received.—It will be seen, that the last is dated in Warsaw, and that the French headquarters had retrograded. Excepting the capitulation of Breslau, &c. in Silesia, no military event of note had occurred, posterior to the battle of Pultusk.
A Russian official account, and an abstract of other official particulars of the battle of Pultusk, &c. are also given. It will be seen, that the Russians though forced eventually to retreat, lay claim to a partial victory—They retired in good order, and the French acknowledge they did not think it prudent to follow them—The battle was hard fought, and the ground dearly purchased—The Russians say Bonaparte commanded in person; and we know that one of his aids (Rasp) was wounded; and another (Sugur) taken prisoner, and sent to Russia. At the last date, the Russian army, under gen. Kamenisky, was concentrated near Wizna, &c. & were speedily to assume offensive operations. The Russians had retired eleven miles from Pultusk previous to the battle of the 26th.
The emperor Napoleon had not (as reported by the Marbalehead arrival) quitted his army—The empress Josephine had arrived in Paris.
DIED—On Thursday the 19th inst. in the 18th year of her age, Miss NANCY CRAUFURD, second daughter of Nathaniel Craufurd, Esq. of Green Wood, Prince Georges County, Md. Her remains were on the Saturday following deposited in the silent tomb, in the presence of a numerous assemblage of sorrowful relatives and friends, and an appropriate discourse, delivered by the Rev. Mr. Scott, from the 2d chapter, and 10 verse of Job.
Valuable Estates for Iron Works.
THE subscriber offers for sale between Five and Six Thousand acres of Land bounded on one side by James River, including big and little Owen's Creek, and situate in Amherst county in the state of Virginia. This land is in the midst of a well and thick settled country, about 100 miles above the city of Richmond. There are not more than 30 acres of it cleared. The remainder is heavily timbered—consisting of large pines, white oaks, poplar, black walnut and chestnut. On Big Owens creek, and within 600 yards of James river, which is navigable for boats at all seasons of the year—there is an excellent site for any kind of water works. The stream is rapid and constant, and about three miles from the site are, as it is believed inexhaustible banks of iron ore, which the subscriber has secured and which will be sold with the land. This ore has been tried and proved to be of a very superior kind. The land adjoining the site is of excellent quality. Two hundred acres of timothy meadow might be made on the creek. The upland although hilly in places is well adapted to small grain, and a great proportion of it suitable to the raising of tobacco. Immediately around the site for water works are inexhaustible LIMESTONE Quarries, together with great quantities of the best building stone. In short there are many advantages combined to render this a most eligible spot for the erection of iron works, or any other kind of water works. It is deemed unnecessary to say more concerning this property than to request those who incline to purchase to view it. It will be shown by captain Henry Halloway in the neighborhood. The price will be moderate, terms of sale, which will be made very easy, will be made known on application to the proprietor residing in Georgetown district of Columbia. NATHAN LUFFBOROUGH. Georgetown, February 16—wif
PROSPECTUS
OF LEWIS and CLARK'S Tour to the PACIFIC OCEAN, through the Interior of the Continent of North America, performed by order of the Government of the United States, during the years 1804, 1805, & 1806.
This work will be prepared by captain Meriwether Lewis, and will be divided into two parts, the whole comprised in Three Volumes, octavo, containing from four to five hundred pages, each; printed on good paper, and a fair Pica type. The several volumes in succession will be put to press at as early periods as the avocations of the author will permit him to prepare them for publication.
PART THE FIRST—IN TWO VOLUMES.
VOLUME FIRST—Will contain a narrative of the voyage, with a description of some of the most remarkable places in those hitherto unknown parts of America, accompanied by a map of good size, and embellished with a view of the great Cataract of the Missouri, the plan, on a large scale, of the confluence of that river, and also of those of the falls, narrows, and great rapids of the Columbia, with their several portages. For the information of future voyagers there will be added in the sequel of this volume, some observations and remarks on the navigation of the Missouri and Columbia rivers, pointing out the precautions which must necessarily be taken, in order to insure success, together with an itinerary of the most direct and practicable route across the continent of North America, from the confluence of the Missouri and Mississippi rivers to the discharge of the Columbia into the Pacific Ocean.
PART THE SECOND—IN ONE VOLUME.
VOLUME SECOND—When ever properly appertains to geography, embracing a description of the rivers, mountains, climate, soil, and face of the country; a view of the Indian nations distributed over that vast region, shewing their traditions, habits, manners, customs, national characters, stature, complexions, dress, dwellings, arms, and domestic utensils, with many other interesting particulars in relation to them: Also observations and reflections on the subjects of civilizing, governing, and maintaining a friendly intercourse with those nations. A view of the fur trade of North America, setting forth a plan for its extension, and shewing the immense advantages which would accrue to the mercantile interests of the United States, by combining the same with a direct trade to the East Indies through the continent of North America. This volume will be embellished with a number of plates illustrative of the dress and general appearance of such Indian nations as differ materially from each other; of their habitations; their weapons and habiliments used in war; their hunting and fishing apparatus; domestic utensils, &c. In an appendix there will also be given a diary of the weather, kept with great attention throughout the whole of the voyage, shewing also the daily rise and fall of the principal water-courses which were navigated in the course of the same.
This part of the work will be confined exclusively to scientific research, & principally to the natural history of those hitherto unknown regions. It will contain a full dissertation on such subjects as have fallen within the notice of the author, and which may properly be distributed under the heads of botany, mineralogy, and zoology, together with some strictures on the origin of Prairies, the cause of the muddiness of the Missouri, of volcanic appearances, and other natural phenomena which were met with in the course of this interesting tour. This volume will also contain a comparative view of twenty-three vocabularies of distinct Indian languages, procured by captains Lewis and Clark on the voyage, and will be ornamented and embellished with a much greater number of plates than will be bestowed on the first part of the work, as it is intended that every subject of natural history which is entirely new, and of which there are a considerable number, shall be accompanied by an appropriate engraving illustrative of it.
This distribution of the work has been made with a view to the accommodation of every description of readers, and is here offered to the patronage of the public in such shape, that all persons wishing to become subscribers, may accommodate themselves with either of the parts, or the entire work, as it shall be most convenient to themselves.
Detached from this work, there will be published on a large scale, as soon as a sufficient number of subscribers be obtained to defray the expence,
LEWIS & CLARK'S
MAP of NORTH AMERICA, From longitude 9 deg. west, to the Pacific Ocean, and between 36 deg. and 52 north latitude,
Embracing all their late discoveries, & that part of the continent heretofore the least known. This map will be compiled from the best maps now extant, as well published as in manuscript, from the collective information of the best informed travellers through the various portions of that region, and corrected by a series of several hundred celestial observations, made by captain Lewis during his late tour.
For the convenience of subscribers, these several works will be delivered at the most respectable commercial towns, and at the seats of government of the respective states and territories within the union: No advance is required, nor will payment be demanded until such delivery is made.
Knowing that a very considerable proportion of the expence of such publications depends on the engravings which embellish or form them, and that the precise number of such engravings, particularly as it regards the second part of the work, have not yet been settled, it is difficult for the author at this moment to fix a price on them; he therefore declares to the public, that his late voyage was not undertaken with a view to pecuniary advantages, and pledges himself that the estimate which he will in this instance set on his literary labors shall be of the most moderate description; his principal reason indeed for proposing a subscription at all, is that he may be enabled to form some estimate of the number of copies to be struck off.
Editors of Public Prints in the United States, disposed to aid the publication of this work, are requested to give the foregoing a few insertions.

SALE AT AUCTION. On Wednesday the 18th day of April will be sold at public auction at the House of Representatives, JOHN ELLIS, living near the Marine Barracks, All his Household & Kitchen Furniture, containing Mahogany and other bedsteads, bureaus, chairs, mahogany dining, tea and card tables, sofas, evening tables, with stands, Brussels and Scotch carpets, the greater part of which is new, large pier and dressing glasses, lamps, plates and other candlesticks, iron, handsome grates, fenders and shovels and tongs, curtains quite new and handsomely made, gilt window cornices, beds, mattresses and bed furniture, good paintings and prints in frames, dining and tea china, cut and plain glass, silver and plated ware, consisting of tea furniture, ladies' spoons and butlers—also, one coach and a travelling carriage nearly new, with harness; a pair of good found horses, and one double barrel sporting piece. The sale to commence at 10 o'clock in the forenoon, if fair, if not, the next fair day, and continue from day to day until all are sold. Terms made known at time and place of sale. The goods may be viewed two days previous to the sale. SAMUEL SPEAKE, Auctioneer. March 2—120f
LOST or MISLAID, THREE Navy Six per Cent certificates of the following description. No 41 for 1000 dollars. 96 for 400 do. 109 for 100 do. 1500 Dollars in all, dated 4th August 1800 in favor of Wm. Paterson, and this public notice is given, that new certificates may issue to replace those that have been lost. WILLIAM PATTERSON. Washington February 11—6w
CHARLES H. VARDEN, Merchant Taylor New Jersey Avenue, near the Capitol. RESPECTFULLY informs the gentleman of the district of Columbia, he has imported by ship Eliza ANN lately arrived at Philadelphia, A choice assortment Of Extra Superfine cloths, Bennetts, Velvets, and Coxs, Cashmere, single and double milled Satin cloths, fashionable Spanish Orleans and Tolimants, rich silk Molekin velvets, silk and satin Florentines, with a variety of other articles suitable for the season. N. B. Ladies habits, regimentals and navy uniforms made in the first style of fashion. Richard Hatwell celebrated patent parallel suspenders, can be had on the same terms as at his manufactory. November 12—tf
ELIAS B. CALDWELL, ATTORNEY AT LAW, HAS removed his Office, to the house lately occupied by Mr. Law, on Capitol Hill. Washington, July 26—tf
On a liberal credit. THE subscriber will dispose of at private sale, his estate called Churcher, lying on the eastern branch, immediately opposite the city of Washington. This tract of land containing 697 acres is laid off in lots from 3 to 144 acres for the convenience of purchasers. Plats of the estate and the terms of sale are in the hands of colonel Mason at the navy yard, and Charles Wayman of George Town. The lots will be shown by Mr. Warden, living on the premises, near the Eastern Branch bridge. ANTHONY ADDISON. Barnaby, 12th June 1805—tf
CHARLES A. BURNETT, HAS received from London and Liverpool a handsome assortment of articles in his line, consisting of WATCHES & JEWELRY, Silver, Tortoiseshell, and steel Spectacles, Table knives and forks with ivory handles, Pen knives and scissors, Ladies and Gentlemen's Pocket BOOKS. He also continues to manufacture gold and silver ware, at the most reduced prices. George Town, Dec. 2d—tf
PORTAIT PAINTING C. BOYLE respectfully informs the public that he paints Lithographs in Oil Colors, in the building formerly occupied by Mr. G. Stewart, on the Pennsylvania Avenue, near Duane's book-store. N. B. A few specimens to be seen January 5—tf
This is to give Notice THAT the subscriber has obtained from the Orphans court of Montgomery county in the state of Maryland, letters of administration on the personal estate of Robert B. Craford, late of said county deceased. All persons having claims against the said deceased are hereby warned to exhibit the same, with the vouchers thereof to the subscriber, at or before the 1st day of August next they may otherwise by law be excluded from all benefit of the said estate. Given under my hand this eighteenth day of February 1807. EDWARD OWEN, Adm'r of Robert B. Craford. March 12—3t
TO LET, And possession immediately given—That large and commodious brick Dwelling HOUSE & STORE, lately occupied by Mr. ADAM LINDSAY near the Navy Yard; the house is well calculated to accommodate a small family at present, having four rooms nearly finished, a good kitchen, and spring of water in the cellar adjoining—also, a stable and wood cellar. The store is large and well adapted to the Dry Good and Grocery business, having a large and dry cellar, with a plank floor underneath the whole of the store, where goods of any kind may be safely deposited. The situation of the above described premises for business is not excelled by any in this city. For terms enquire of Mr. Matthew Wright, near the premises or to the subscriber on East Capitol Street near the Capitol. WILLIAM EMACK, Attorney for Adam Lindsay. Washington City, March 13—tf
JUST RECEIVED, And for Sale at D. RAPIER'S Book-Store on Capitol Hill. The Trial of Thomas O. Selfridge, attorney at law, before the Hon. Isaac Parker, Esq. for killing Charles Austin, on the public Exchange, in Boston, August 4th 1806—Taken in short hand by Thos. Lloyd and George Caines—price one dollar. Also—A correct Statement of the whole preliminary controversy between Selfridge and Austin; with a brief account of the catastrophe in State Street, Boston, on the 4th August 1806, by T. O. Selfridge—price 37 1/2 cents. March 13—3t
WASHINGTON & ALEXANDRIA PACKET. THE Public are respectfully informed, that a Packet will commence running on the 10th day of MAY next, between the above places, will start at the hour of NINE o'clock every morning from the mouth of TYLER CREEK in the city of Washington, and at the hour of FOUR o'clock every evening from Alexandria. Accommodations for Passengers and Goods, will be amply provided by the public's obedient servant. SOLOMON STERGER. City of Washington, March 18—3t
This is to give notice that the Subscriber has obtained from the Orphans Court of Prince George's county, letters testamentary on the personal estate of Wilkerson Brathwaite late of said county deceased. All persons having claims against the said deceased are hereby warned to exhibit the same with the vouchers thereof to the subscriber, at or before the first day of September next they may otherwise by law be excluded from all benefit of the said estate. Given under my hand and seal, this 16th day of March 1807. JOHN BRASHEARS, Adm'r of Wilkerson Brathwaite. March 15—3t
FOR SALE. I wish to sell at Private Sale, the following property—Lot No 10 in square 343 with the improvements thereon—Lot No 15 in square 373, 60 feet front, and 100 back with three small frames thereon in good order—Also Lot No 1 in square 323, near the Theatre, with a store and half frame, 14 by 18 feet, complete and in the best order; the whole of them has good dry Cellar—Also a half Lot No 5 in square 607, front 27, and running back 72 feet, on the Eastern Branch. Apply to GEORGE MOORE. City Washington, March 18—3t
NOTICE. On Wednesday the 15th day of April next will be exposed to public sale by the subscriber on the premises. The dwelling Plantation of the late Wilkerson Brathwaite, deceased. Containing one hundred and nine acres of land lying in Prince George's county, about eight miles from Bladensburg. The improvements are a dwelling house with a stone chimney, kitchen with a stone chimney, and other out houses, a large apple orchard of excellent fruit. It is needless to give any further description as any one wishing to purchase may view the land. The terms of sale will be made known on the day of sale. JOHN BRASHEARS, Administrator. N. B. An indispensable title and immediate possession will be given the purchaser. March 18, 1807.
PUBLIC SALE. BY virtue of a deed of trust from James Wigfield to the subscriber will be sold to the highest bidder on the 27th of May next at the hour of 11 o'clock A.M. on the premises a lot of ground supposed to contain ten acres with the wood thereon, situated near the lower Eastern Branch bridge and on the road leading to Marlinton. Terms of sale cash. BENSON L. MOORMICK, Trustee. February 27—wtdf
This is to give notice, that the subscriber of the city of Washington in the district of Columbia, has obtained from the Orphan's Court of Prince George's county in the state of Maryland, letters of administration on the personal estate of Thomas Duckett, late of said county deceased. All persons having claims against the said deceased are hereby warned to exhibit the same with the vouchers thereof, to the subscriber on or before the first day of October next, they may otherwise by law be excluded from all benefit of the said estate. Those indebted to the deceased are desired to make immediate payment. ALLEN B. DUCKETT, Adm. City of Washington, March 18—tf All claims forwarded by mail must be paid.
Fifty Dollars Reward. FOR apprehending RICHARD GOTTLIEB, who broke jail last night. He was committed on his confession of passing counterfeit checks; he is about 5 feet 7 inches high, fair complexion, light hair, grey eyes, very much pitted with the small-pox, and pretty much round shouldered. He was a sailor in the United States service, had a blue sailor jacket and trousers, a long blue coat, several white linen shirts, a pair of shoes and a very good nickel hat. The above reward will be given for apprehending and securing the said Gottlieb in any jail and giving me information thereof. DANL. C. BRENT, Marshal of the district of Columbia. December 8—2awtf
War Department, February 23, 1807. NOTICE is hereby given, that separate proposals will be received at the office of the Secretary for the Department of war, until 12 o'clock at noon of the first Wednesday in June next, for the supply of all rations that may be required for the use of the United States, from the first day of October 1807, until the 30th day of September 1808, both days inclusive, at the following places, viz. First, At Niagara, Detroit, Michilimackinac, Fort Wayne, Chicago, and at any place or places, where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the state of Ohio, and territory of Michigan, and at any place or places within the Indiana territory north of the 41st deg. of north latitude. Second, At the new military post opposite the mouth of the Wabash, and within the Cherokee nation between Tennessee and Georgia, and on the Tennessee river, and on the road between said river and Nashville, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the states of Kentucky, and Tennessee. Third, At the Garrison near Vincennes on the river Wabash, at Fort Massac, New Madrid, Chickasaw Bluffs, Arkansas, Natchez, & Fort Adams, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited in the Mississippi territory, except the county of Washington, and at any place or places in the Indiana territory south of the 41st degree of north latitude, and fifty miles east of the Mississippi river. Fourth, At St. Louis, St. Charles, Kaskaskia, Cahokia, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the territory of Louisiana north of New Madrid, and at any place or places in the Indiana territory within fifty miles east of the Mississippi river, and south of the 41st degree of north latitude, Fort Massac excepted. Fifth, At New Orleans, Plaquemines, Point Coupee, Opelousas, Natchitoches, Apopelousas, Attakapas, Fort Stodderd, Fort St. Stephens, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the territory of Orleans, or in the county of Washington in the Mississippi territory, and at any place or places on the west side of the Mississippi river below Arkansas. Separate proposals will also be received as aforesaid for the supply of all rations, which may be required for the use of the United States, from the first day of January 1808, to the 31st day of December of the same year, both days inclusive, within the several states heretofore mentioned, viz. Sixth, At the Old Fields, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited, within the state of Georgia, and on the Indian boundary between Georgia and the Creek nation. Seventh, At Charleston, Rocky Mount, on the head waters of the Santee, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited, within the states of North and South Carolina. Eighth, At Norfolk, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited, within the state of Virginia. Ninth, At Fort M'Henry, and at any place or places, where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited, within the state of Maryland and the district of Columbia. Tenth, At Fort Mifflin, Carlisle, and at any place or places, where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited, within the state of Pennsylvania, east of the mountains, and within the states of New Jersey and Delaware. Eleventh, At Pittsburgh, and at any place or places, where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited, within the state of Pennsylvania west of the mountains. Twelfth, At Fort Jay, West Point, Albany, Schenectady, and at any place or places, where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the state of New York, Niagara and its dependencies excepted. Thirteenth, At Fort Trumbull, Fort Wolcott, and at any place or places where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the states of Connecticut, Rhode Island and Vermont. Fourteenth, At Fort Independence (Boston harbor) and at any place or places, where troops are or may be stationed, marched or recruited, within the state of Massachusetts, the town of Springfield, and the district of Maine excepted. Fifteenth, At Portsmouth, Portland, and at any place or places, where troops are or may be stationed, marched, or recruited within the state of New Hampshire and the district of Maine. Sixteenth, Proposals will also be received as aforesaid, for the supply of all rations, which may be required by the United States, for the troops who are or may be stationed, marched or recruited within the town of Springfield in the state of Massachusetts, and
for the armourers and other persons employed, in the United States' armory at this place, from the 22nd day of January 1808 to the 31st day of December in the same year, both days inclusive. A ration to consist of one pound, and one quarter of beef, or three quarters of a pound of pork, eighteen ounces of bread or flour, one gill of rum, whiskey or brandy, and at the rate of two quarts of salt, four quarts of vinegar, four pounds of soap, and one pound and a half of candles to every hundred rations. The prices of the several component parts of the ration shall be specified; but the United States reserve the right of making such alterations in the price of the component parts of the ration aforesaid, as shall make the price of each part thereof bear a just proportion to the proposed price of the whole ration. The rations are to be furnished in such quantities, that there shall at all times, during the term of the proposed contract, be sufficient for the consumption of the troops at Michilimackinac, Detroit and Chicago for six months in advance; and at each of the other posts on the western waters for at least three months in advance, of good and wholesome provisions, if the same shall be required. It is also to be permitted to all and every of the commandants of fortified places or posts, to call for, at seasons when the same can be transported, or at any time in case of urgency such supplies of like provision in advance, as in the discretion of the commandant shall be deemed proper. It is understood that the contractor is to be at the expense and risk of issuing the supplies to the troops, and that all losses sustained by the depredations of an enemy or by means of the troops of the United States, shall be paid by the United States at the price of the articles captured or destroyed as aforesaid, on the deposition of two or more persons of creditable character and the certificate of a commissioned officer, stating the circumstances of the loss, and the amount of the articles for which compensation shall be claimed. The privilege is understood to be reserved to the United States of requiring that none of the supplies, which may be furnished under any of the proposed contracts, shall be issued, until the supplies which have been or may be furnished under contracts now in force, have been consumed; and that a supply in advance may be always required at any of the fixed posts on the seaboard, or Indian frontier, not exceeding three months. H. DEARBORN, Secretary of War. February 25—2aw6w
FRESH GARDEN SEEDS, &c THEOPHILUS HOLT respectfully informs his friends and the public that he has an extensive assortment of Fresh Garden and Flower seeds, Grass seeds, flower seeds, &c. for sale at his Nursery Garden Eastern Branch. Washington city, Jan. 2—w3m
LAND FOR SALE, By the Subscribers. IN Northumberland county—800 acres called Exeter Lodge, residence of the late Col. John Gordon; good farming land, adapted to the growth of corn, wheat and tobacco. On this tract which lays on Yconomico, a branch of Potomac river, there is a large brick dwelling house, within 200 yards of navigable water, abounding with oysters, equal to any in Virginia; fish and wild fowl in abundance, as remarkably healthy situation. In Fauquier county—about 200 acres woodland, adjoining Mrs. James and Mr. Eustace near Elk Run Church. In Caroline county—2700 acres, being part of what is called Beverly Chase. In Spotsylvania county—100 acres woodland, adjoining Col. Joseph Brock, Messrs. Brock and S. Schoeler. Also, the middle tenement in the brick buildings in the town of Fredericksburg. In Culpeper county—960 acres, joins Landdon Carter, esq. farm on Rappahannock river at Norman's Ford—815 acres, adjoining Wm. C. Carter, esq. and Col. M. Green. Two thirds of this tract is in wood, and the whole of equal quality to any high land in the county. Also about 1000 acres in the Little Fork, laid out and re-set in small farms. In Albemarle county—that elegant and well known place called Blenheim; containing, by a late survey, 2900 acres, which will be sold altogether, or divided in Lots to suit purchasers. The whole or any part of the above property will be sold on very low terms, payable one third in cash or country produce, on giving deeds, and for the balance long credit will be given, payment being secured on the property. COLIN & JAMES ROSS, Fredericksburg Virg. Dec. 12—w
20 DOLLARS REWARD. RANAWAY from the subscriber in August last, a negro man, about 26 years of age, 5 feet 9 or 10 inches high; has lost some of his fore teeth; is remarkably polite and much of a gallant. The above reward will be paid to any person who will bring him home or lodge him any jail so that I get him again. WM. B. BEANES, Upper Marlinton, Jan. 9—tawtf
Twenty Dollars Reward. WILL be given for apprehending and securing in jail a young Mulatto man named ANDREW. He was hired by me last year to Mr. Joseph Thomas who owns the said Andrew to Alexandria, and absconded from that place about the latter end of August last. He is about 23 years of age, 5 feet 8 or 9 inches high, lusty and well made, has short curly hair, and is frequently subject to have several large pimples on his face. He is reckoned to be a sensible fellow of an easy agreeable address for a man in his low sphere of life. As he has not been heard of by me since his escape, I suspect he has had the droll to ship himself as a freeman on board some vessel either at Alexandria or Baltimore. Whoever takes him up and secures him and jail shall receive from me the above reward, or as soon due information thereof is given to me or to Dr. N. P. Canlin at Port Tobacco. G. B. CAUSIN, Maryland Charles County, January 29—wtf
AN ACT For the punishment for forgery and for other purposes. WHEREAS it has been represented to this general assembly, that the crime of forging bank notes and negotiable notes hath greatly increased, and the punishment already provided by law, not being thought sufficient to prevent the commission of the crime, for remedy thereof. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Maryland, That any person who shall with a fraudulent intent, employ an artist to engrave or etch any plate, in imitation of the note or notes of any established bank within this state, or of any bank which may hereafter be established within this state, or which are or may be established by law in any of the United States, or any person engaged in engraving or etching such plate or plates, or any person in any manner engaged in striking impressions from such plate or plates, or any person who shall affix to such notes, fraudulent or forged signatures, or any person who shall be in any manner concerned in the altering, forging or counterfeiting, any note of any bank now existing within this state, or of any bank which may hereafter be established in this state, or any person who may pass within this state, forged or counterfeited notes (knowing them to be such), purporting to be the genuine notes of a bank regularly constituted within any of the United States, or any person who may pass as genuine any note purporting to be a note of a bank which does not exist, or shall pass as genuine negotiable notes, any forged or counterfeited negotiable note, or paper whatsoever, or who shall erase or alter any genuine negotiable note or negotiable paper, or any endorsement thereon; or shall tender in payment, or in any way utter, any such erased, altered, or counterfeited note or notes, or negotiable paper (knowing such bill or note, or negotiable paper, or the endorsement thereon, to be altered, forged, counterfeited, erased or falsified) with intention to defraud the said bank or banks, or any other person, shall be adjudged a felon, and shall be condemned to death without benefit of clergy. February 4—w8t
REMOVAL. P. MAURO takes the liberty of informing his friends customers and the inhabitants of Washington in general, that he has removed his Grocery Store, from opposite the Seven Buildings to the store adjoining fourth to the Seven Buildings, formerly occupied by Mr. Plummer. FRESH TEAS, Green wine, at superior quality, old Madeira, ca wine, sweet oranges, Lisbon lemons, and a complete assortment of groceries, wines, liquors, fruits, and ices, for sale on very moderate terms, by wholesale and retail at P. MAURO'S Grocery store, adjoining fourth to the seven buildings. March 13—w3t.
JOHN OTT, DRUGGIST, CHEMIST and APOTHECARY, has received by late arrivals a fresh supply of genuine Drugs, Medicines, Chemical Preparations, and every article useful in Pharmacy, such as have met the approbation of eminent practitioners. Genuine patent medicines of every description, shop furniture, paints, eye fluffs, spices and perfumery; all of which he will dispose of on as low terms as the quality and original cost of the article will admit of. Physicians' and family recipes put up with the utmost care and attention, and all orders from city, town or country put up with accuracy and dispatch. In addition to the above, he has just received a supply of PRESERVES, CONFECTIONS, FRUIT, &c. &c. Preserved Plums, Pine Apple, Oranges, Strawberries, Citron, Quinces, Peaches, Lemon Peel. Currant Jelly, Green Gage Marmalade, Lemon, Horse-radish, Cream and Mint Candy, Noyau Cordial, Syrup of Currant and Raspberry Vinegar, Rose and Orange Flower Water, Lemons, Oranges, Raisins, Currants, Almonds, Filberts, Malaga Grapes, Olives, Capers and Anchovies—London Mustard, Cassava Pepper, Refined Sweet Oil, Macouba Snuff, Havana Segars, Improved shining Liquid Blacking for Shoes and Boots, &c. &c. George Town, Dec. 29—2aw2w&tf
60 DOLLARS REWARD. RANAWAY from the subscriber living in Prince George's county on Sunday the 29th inst. the three following slaves—a mulatto young man who calls himself BILL STEWART, he was born at Montgomery court house, was once the property of Honore Martin, was purchased of him by the late Rich. Contee who told him to me; he is a likely well made fellow about 24 years of age, 5 feet 10 inches high, his hands and feet are large; the evening before he absconded he had his hair cut close; he had with him a variety of clothing, viz. a blue coat and overalls, one light colored beaver hat and overalls, a fawn-down waistcoat, 3 fine linen shirts and some coarse shirts, three muslin neckcloths, a fine hat, price 7 dollars; he took away a prayer book, in the first page of which is written Mary Duckett. JOE who calls himself Joe Grimes, alias Graham, and HARRY, both young negro men about 21 years of age—the clothing of these cannot be described. Joe has one of his arms broken near the wrist, which makes it longer than the other; when he is spoken to he speaks as if his tongue was too large for his mouth. Harry, I am informed, has several large scars on his body and one of his thighs occasioned by burns when he was young. The above reward will be paid for confining the three in jail, or 50 dollars for confining Bill in jail so that I get him again. WALTER BOWIE, July 7—2awtf
To Rent, AND possession given on the 19th November next, the two story Brick Dwelling House on the corner of F and 12th streets, at present occupied by Mr. Andrew Way. Also a two story brick dwelling house in a central situation, at which possession may be had immediately. For terms apply to THOS. KERTY. Oct. 17—3t &wtf