The national intelligencer and Washington advertiser. (Washington City [D.C.]), 1807-11-02 00:00:00

National Intelligencer.
WASHINGTON ADVERTISER.
VOL. VIII.
WASHINGTON CITY, PRINTED BY SAMUEL HARRISON SMITH PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE.
NO. 1100.
FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM,
MONDAY, NOVEMBER 2, 1807.
PAID IN ADVANCE.
NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER.
The following document accompanied the President's Message. The Spanish Decree likewise accompanied it. But having been long since printed in this paper it is not republished.
Note communicated by Lord Howick to Mr. Monroe, dated January 10th, 1807.
THE undersigned, his majesty's principal secretary of state for foreign affairs, has received his Majesty's commands to acquaint Mr. Monroe, that the French government, having issued certain orders, which, in violation of the usages of war, purport to prohibit the commerce of all neutral nations with his Majesty's dominions; and also to prevent such nations from trading with any other country in any articles, the growth, produce, or manufacture of his Majesty's dominions; and the said government having also taken upon itself to declare all his Majesty's dominions to be in a state of blockade, at a time when the fleets of France and her allies, are themselves confined within their ports by the superior valor and discipline of the British navy.
Such attempts on the part of the enemy, giving to his Majesty an unquestionable right of retaliation, and warranting his Majesty in enforcing the same prohibition of all commerce with France, which that power vainly hopes to effect against the commerce of his Majesty's subjects, a prohibition which the superiority of his Majesty's naval forces might enable him to support, by actually investing the ports and coasts of the enemy with numerous squadrons and cruisers, so as to make the entrance or approach thereto manifestly dangerous.
His Majesty, though unwilling to follow the example of his enemies by proceeding to an extremity so distressing to all nations not engaged in the war, and carrying on their accustomed trade; yet feels himself bound by a due regard to the just defence of the rights and interests of his people not to suffer such measures to be taken by the enemy, without taking some steps on his part, to restrain this violence, and to resort upon them the evils of their own injustice. Mr. Monroe is therefore requested to apprise the American consuls and merchants residing in England, that his Majesty has therefore judged it expedient to order that no vessel shall be permitted to trade from one port to another, both which ports shall belong to, or be in possession of France or her allies, or shall be so far under their control as that British vessels may not freely trade thereat: and that the commanders of his Majesty's ships of war and privateers, have been instructed to warn every neutral vessel, coming from any such port, and destined to another such port to discontinue her voyage, and not to proceed to any such port; and every vessel, after being so warned, or any vessel coming from any such port, after a reasonable time shall have been afforded for receiving information of this his Majesty's order, which shall be found proceeding to another such port, shall be captured and brought in, and together with her cargo shall be condemned as lawful prize; and that from this time all the measures authorised by the law of nations, and the respective treaties between his Majesty and the different neutral powers will be adopted and executed, with respect to vessels attempting to violate the said order after this notice.
(Signed) HOWICK. Downing street, Jan. 10, 1807.
Statement of the situation of the French Empire—1806 & 1807. (CONTINUED.)
Fishing, which formerly afforded an asylum only to vessels of small dimensions, has had its sluice enlarged, its basins deepened, and can now receive a whole fleet.
At Dunkirk, the western dike has been built anew, and the works ordered by the decree of the 28th Nivose, year 13, are almost finished.
At Calais, the two dikes to the east and west have been rebuilt or repaired.
At Cherbourg, the two moles are raised and the works are far advanced. In the middle of the sea, the Napoleon battery, lined with cannons, defends the road from the winds and the enemy.
At Rochefort an ingenious apparatus is established by means of which first rate ships may come in and go out at any tide.
The clearing the port of Marseilles, so ardently wished for by the trading interest, is, as far as can be judged by the soundings taken, already half accomplished.
Such immense works, undertaken at the same time, require both time and constancy. But constancy, which always insures success, belongs particularly to a government to whom the conviction of its strength gives that of its duration, whose march is invariable because it has but one end in view, and which in overcoming present difficulties has its eyes always fixed upon the future. So many works undertaken, so many more finished would have been sufficient for the glory of many of the preceding reigns; but the emperor beholds in all these, beginnings only and these but beginnings amidst the storms of war; others in greater number are still to occupy the leisure of peace; it is the sovereign's intention that there shall be no part even the most remote, of this vast empire, but shall feel the effects of his government, by ameliorations of which the infallible result will be to augment the ease of the people and the prosperity of the state. He means also that the zeal of the communes shall be excited and their efforts seconded in the amelioration of the cross roads; here the administration encourages what it cannot, what it ought not to undertake itself, well knowing that these obscure and modest undertakings having for their object the shortest and nearest communications, are not of less importance to the first wants of the people than those distant communications, than those immense undertakings, which, changing the direction of the waters, digging new beds for rivers, and in some measure even lowering the tops of mountains, command the just admiration and gratitude of the people.
Agriculture.
Agriculture, in the first place, receives the benefit of them; other measures are no less favorable to it. The draining of the marshes of Contentin and of Rochefort, is in great forwardness; those of Bourges confided to the heirs of the ancient concessionaries, promise to cultivation a vast extent of grounds, and will give salubrity to the surrounding country. This favor of government has been granted from a well founded hope that that important work will be speedily executed. The present concessionaries will make up by their activity for the losses which their predecessors have caused. One example has sufficiently manifested the desire which government has of encouraging, in the rural communes, the exchanges necessary to do away the incompactness of pieces of ground angled into one another; it has exempted from the usual duties of enregistrement, the first commune of which, by general concert, the inhabitants have executed that operation. If such operations were repeated, a prodigious extent of ground would be restored to cultivation, at the same time, that time and labor would be saved to the farmer. That encouragement may be looked upon as the foundation of a great and happy reformation. Agricultural societies second with zeal the views of government, in propagating good principles. Some partial measures have been adopted with regard to the management of silk worms, &c. of horned cattle, the culture of fruit trees, and the researches made respecting the natural productions of the countries that are least known to France.
The existence of our cotton manufactures being consolidated and wonderfully increasing, government has made it its business to examine, whether the raw material which is imported from abroad, could not be found in France. People are occupied in examining the places where the cultivation of cotton might be introduced with success, without injuring cultivations which are of more importance; the information necessary to direct it is collecting; encouragements are promised for the first experiments.
A still greater interest, and which is of the first consideration for trade and industry, the amelioration of our wool, has been the object of an unrelenting attention. All the means are taken for the instruction of the farmers upon this important object, in or-
der to facilitate their bringing this branch to perfection.
Seven national sheep-folds in different parts of the empire, and in central situations, will preserve the race in all its purity, will multiply, and cause it to be circulated, by means of national sales; shepherds will be instructed in the management of them, and instruction and example will go hand in hand.
But the most important amelioration, and at the same time, the most difficult, because it was necessary to repair past losses, as well as to prepare future progress, was that of our race of horses, in former times so justly celebrated, and almost entirely destroyed in a few years. The re-establishment of the studs, which we announced to you last year, as an operation already commenced, has in the course of the present, been much advanced. The emperor has fixed their organization and general direction; three new studs, twelve depots of stations, have been established. They consist at this moment of near nine hundred of the most beautiful well chosen animals; of which a great part has been acquired this present year; a numerous convoy, sent by the emperor, in the course of his conquests, is arrived to enrich them. The service for the cavalry is assured and regulated in many of the departments; premiums granted in the fairs, rewards decreed at public races, excite the emulation of their proprietors; and the attention which government has bestowed on that administration, has been useful; still less from its immediate and necessary consequences than from the zeal it has excited among the owners, for the bringing up of the horses, and for the improvement of their race. Government has caused more to be done than it has done itself; this is the true characteristic of a good public institution.
The veterinary schools prosper, and they supply both the armies and the country with able subjects. Their instruction has received a new extension. In those schools practical courses of rural economy are established, where young farmers are instructed in the best systems, apply them themselves upon the ground, and prepare themselves against their return to the fields, to weaken by the force of example, the influence of that blind and obstinate force of habit, which, without doubt, is the greatest obstacle to the progress of agriculture.
The rural code is compiling with all the maturity that is required in a work, which is to afford a new guarantee to property, to put an end to abuses, by respecting local customs, and to regulate without forcing industry, which is the origin and aliment of all other property.
These two first of blessings, a wise legislation and a solid and liberal instruction, are equally extended to the industry of commerce and to that of manufactures.
A code is preparing for trade and commerce, a code matured by the most profound discussions; its object is to give force to all that experience may have found to be useful in ancient ordinances in adapting them to our own times, in protecting good faith in transactions, in repressing by severe laws, the scandal always increasing of bankruptcies; it will consolidate credit, and raise in dignity one of the most useful and honorable professions of the state; it will restore its former loyalty which ought always to be its most apparent characteristic.
The law which you passed last year respecting the establishment of the tribunal of the prud'hommes has produced the most salutary effects, and many manufacturing towns through the latitude wisely left by that law, have been eager to demand admission to the benefits of that institution.
The existence of the chambers of commerce has received consistency, and many of their labors continue to attest the union of industry and intelligence; very soon will the chambers of consultation for the arts and manufactures be also called upon to render the most useful services.
Government has established schools destined to form pupils who should learn more than what belongs to mere workmen. In these schools the practice of the arts is to be taught with the principles of the sciences, from which they derive a new degree of perfection. The school which exists at Compiegne, being transferred to Cha-
lons-sur-Marne, was received by the inhabitants of that town with testimonies of the greatest eagerness; that of Beaufort will be formed without delay; that of Saint-Maximin is only delayed by the immense repairs which the premises stand in need of. In these schools, without a model at any time or among any nation, are formed carpenters, blacksmiths and workmen of every kind, who know how to calculate, who are acquainted with descriptive geometry, and have notions of physics and chemistry; they study the mechanism of machines and execute them with success. Uniting the habits of the combinations of the mind to the skill of the hand which executes, they will be remarked for their intelligence in conceiving their plan, and by the perfection of their work. Their inclination draws a great number of them into the military career; & if ever glory should again call our armies into those distant countries where hands are wanting, where industry is hardly known, where nature multiplies obstacles, their chief would find in the soldiers of these schools, hands which he might employ to renew the miracles of his genius, to execute some of his plans, to throw durable bridges over large rivers, to build cities, to give a new face to a whole country, and raise monuments which, indicative of his glorious traces, would also be blessings for the nations who should see them rise. The practical school of the mines of Puzay obtains the most complete successes. Another practical school, agreeably to a decree of the Emperor, is forming at Geislautern (Sarre) for the study of one of the most important arts, because it serves as a foundation to many others, because it is applicable to a mineral substance with which the soil of France greatly abounds, I mean the treatment of iron, and from thence precious information will be derived for the improvement of our utensils. A drawing school and a school of descriptive geometry as applied to the mechanical arts, has been placed at the conservatoire of the arts and trades, next door to the spinning school. A number of scholars taken from the school of the arts are instructed in Paris, at the expense of the government, in the manufacturing of physical instruments, which are now as well finished as those of England, and in that of sea watches, justly called transcendent watchmaking , as serving to the progress of the most noble science, astronomy, and of the first of the arts, navigation, the two most illustrious conquests of human genius, courage & industry.
External Commerce.
A few branches of external commerce have suffered; however, several connections have been extended, consolidated or re-established; Italy affords more considerable vents to French commerce; America has sent our manufacturers unexpected orders in return for the tobacco and colonial produce which she supplies us with; and trade being brought back to its true spirit, resumes its equilibrium. Switzerland has ceased to be the channel for the introduction of a rival trade. England, punished in the very cause which has inspired her cruel policy, sees her merchandise repelled by all Europe, and her ships, laden with useless riches, wandering over those vast seas where they affect to reign by monopoly, seek in vain from the straits of the Sound to the Hellespont a port which opens to receive them. The Levant, that ancient appendage of the trade of France, wrested from her by craft, is restored to her by indignation. The seas of the Levant call back the French merchandise; at the moment of this important revolution, the French merchants will no doubt hasten to re-establish the reputation of their loyalty in those countries where good-faith alone presides over commercial transactions. Government will take care on its side, that the consumers of the ports in the Levant be not deceived in their confidence. It is taking measures to re-establish with the modifications which circumstances have rendered necessary, regulations which experience has demonstrated the wisdom and efficiency of. The present war is only the war of the independence of trade; Europe knows it; and the emperor has constantly sought in the guarantee of this independence the first basis of all negotiation, as he saw in its violation the first cause of hostilities. Each of his conquests, by shutting a vent
against England, has been a future conquest for the trade of France. Thus, this war, which had momentarily suspended all her connections, has been made above all for her interest, for the interest of all Europe oppressed by the monopoly of England.
Manufactures.
Some work-shops also must have experienced, by the inevitable effect of the circumstances, a momentary stagnation. The Emperor in the midst of his camps, was ever solicitous for their welfare; he supplied their wants with a generosity which would excite your utmost gratitude, were it allowed me to reveal the secret of it to its full extent. The evil that might be prevented or repaired, has been so, and the activity of the work-shops has been kept up as much as circumstances would permit.
Happily this difficulty has not reached the most essential kind of manufactures—some of them have sprung up again this year, and the cause is to be found in that measure which shuts the continent against English merchandise, seconded by the salutary decree of the 22d February, 1806, converted into a law in your last session.
Twenty months ago our spinning manufactures were threatened with total inaction. Their warehouses were full, their work-shops discouraged and thousands of workmen without employment: their voice was heard by the chief of the state, the matter was deeply debated in his presence, the decree of the 22d February restored hope to them; it required some time no doubt for its influence to be felt. An immense stock was on hand, it must have found a vent, and this itself proves how necessary the remedy was. But at length the moment is arrived when French industry, seconded by the successes of the war, has replaced the stuffs that our taste borrowed from foreign industry, and during the most difficult season of the year, a great number of work-shops becoming re-animated, exhibited the spectacle of work succeeding that of misery.
It is necessary to say it, manufactures no where prosper except among those nations where a sort of public spirit has established itself in their favor. This spirit of ancient institutions too long prevented arising: the present government has not neglected to develop it. A memorable circumstance has proved this year that its efforts have not been in vain. No spectacle perhaps ever attracted so numerous a concourse, during so long a time, nor ever appeared to excite an interest and a curiosity so lasting and so universal as the exhibition of the produce of industry which took place ten months ago. One is at a loss to tell which is most honorable for the nation, this public eagerness or the picture which attracted it. Several thousands of different products furnished by the manufactures disseminated over the surface of this vast empire, classed according to the kinds and according to the order of the departments, laid before one's eyes, in their immense variety, the whole history of our arts and the history of French industry. The arts of luxury were there exhibited in all their pomp—the useful arts, under more modest forms, there presented themselves to the view of enlightened men. Never were so many objects of comparison united together, never was such a rapid progress ascertained. The national pride enjoyed these successes, the manufacturers present at this exhibition acquired knowledge by the comparison and became inflamed with a new emulation. It became necessary to multiply the crowns far beyond the number promised. The least distinction became a great honor. Unfortunately there was wanting to all what must have been their highest prize; there was wanting to this fine and rare spectacle what was to form its principal lustre, the presence of the sovereign, from whom so many thousands of men had in their efforts ambished a single look, but that look which rewards, which inflames, which animates all with its greatness and power.
It was known before, and this exhibition furnished new proofs of it, it was known before that the French are inimitable in all the arts in which elegance and good taste concur to the perfection of the work. But an occasion was afforded of recognizing that with regard to several others, we are richer

and arrived at a greater degree of perfection than was thought; thus the exhibition presented a great abundance of steel of a very good quality, either natural or cemented, and we can even announce with confidence that the manufacturing of cast steel, so long wished for by our arts, is introduced into France, so as to be able to answer their wants. The manufacturing of iron wire, cards, files, scythes, and iron plates, has made great improvement; that of needles seems to stand in no more need of any. We have had the satisfaction of seeing the manufacturing of tiles naturalised in France. Every day the flambeau of sciences affords a precious light to the arts and conducts them to useful works. The multiplication of the manufactures of chymical productions is one of the most important results of it. The different kinds of machines are executed at this day with the highest degree of care and precision, and government, by gratuitously sending differing assortments of them, strives to render their use general, being persuaded that vulgar prejudices will no longer repel the employment of these agents, which in sparing the labor of man, augment his power and multiply productions with the means of producing.
The cloth manufacturery, the first branch of French industry, maintains the reputation which it had acquired; two circumstances unite to make it successively obtain the only advantage it is still in want of, a greater moderation in the price; these circumstances are the adoption of the new system of machines and the progressive improvement of the national wool. Observers might have judged at the exhibition of 1806, to what a height this second kind of improvement is already carried. For the first time they saw patterns united of wool come from every part of France: they were enabled to compare at once the productions of a hundred flocks of genuine or mongrel races, and near them to behold also cloth manufactured with these different kinds of wool in our best manufactures.
It is thus that even under the weight of an external war, none, of the interests of public order, none of the sources of national wealth, none of the wants of the useful arts have escaped the vigilant attention of the chief of the state.
Fine Arts. —His attention has neglected none of the interests of these brilliant and at the same time useful arts, placed in the first rank, because they are more closely connected with the perfection of society, with the cultivation of the most noble faculties, because they have for their objects, not the wants of the multitude; but the enjoyment of the learned and refined; arts which for a nation full of wit and knowledge, are also necessary arts. By them are created those fine monuments, the noble testimonies which attest to history the greatness of a government, and the genius of the prince and the nation.
Embellishments of Paris.
The emperor was desirous that his capital, become the first capital in the universe, should answer by its aspect so glorious a destination. At one of the extremities of Paris a bridge is finished, the bridge of Austerlitz; at the other a bridge is beginning; it will be the bridge of Jena, names for ever celebrated in our annals. Thus, the Seine, loaded in a manner with the trophies of our warriors, will attest to future races that in this age of wonders, the hand which gained a victory and subverted a throne, raised at the same time a monument of public utility, and that the author of so many exploits made them serve only for the prosperity of the people whose glory he immortalised. The quays, &c. are successively lengthening upon both banks of this river; new fountains have been built; the ancient fountains have received more water; they all run night and day in every part of the town, showing to the lower orders of the people the remembrance which their emperor has of their least wants—this is a small part of a great plan conceived for the salubrity and pleasure of the capital, in which the canal of l'Ouq soon finished, will pour a torrent of wholesome water, fit for every use, which will inundate all the streets, carrying away the dirt of this immense city, after having embellished it by its presence and led it by its conveyances. New communications are cut on all sides; the Louvre rapidly approaches its completion, marking in succession, the ages of Francis I, Henry IV, and Lewis XIV, re-animat- ed at the voice of Napoleon. The Odéon is restored to an art of which it was for a long time the finest school in Europe; the column of the grand army is rising in the middle of the Place Vendôme , the monument of Desaix in the middle of that of la Victoire —the statue of Hautpoult will adorn the Place des Vosges ; two triumphal arches are erected or raising, one near that palace inhabited by the genius of victory, the other at the end
of the finest avenues of the finest city in the world; it announces from afar to foreigners that this city is the centre of the country of heroes; it will recall to posterity the period of the most memorable exploits which our annals or the annals of any other empire record. The palace in which you reside is ornamenting agreeably to your wishes, with a peristyle the majesty of which will announce the sanctuary of the laws, and will at once answer the beauty of the edifice and the majesty of the view which it is to complete. Opposite the Temple of the Laws will be the Temple of Victory. Our grand children, living happy under the shelter of these laws, will know that these brilliant victories were gained only to secure their empire, only to eternise their blessings; they will also know that good laws and the exactness of observing them prepare victories, and they will be not less persuaded that they secure the duration of empires. In the middle is the Palace of the Sovereign: thus the throne is between justice and glory.
It was on the 2d December, the anniversary of the battle of Austerlitz, which was itself the anniversary of his coronation, that the Emperor, by a decree passed in the heart of Poland, gave to an edifice hardly begun, abandoned after thirty years labor, this noble destination. Thus the vanquisher rewards those who have vanquished under him, he associates to his immortality the heroes whom he has formed. His name, more lasting than the monument which will be decorated with it, will perpetuate their name and the glory they have acquired in fighting under his orders. A series of trophies will decorate the interior of the monument; marble, gold, and silver will preserve in an eternal book these annals of heroism. There will be celebrated the memory of those who devote themselves for the country and her holy laws; there will be decreed the rewards merited by valor; there our warlike youth will be instructed in the sentiments of honor by such illustrious examples. It will be the sanctuary of glory; the genius of the arts has awakened at the voice of the Emperor and at the thoughts of a work wherein every thing unites to exalt it. Notwithstanding the extreme shortness of the time, no competition or architecture had been so brilliant as that ordered for the plan of this monument, which will be the first decoration of the capital.
The works of the Pantheon are advancing; those of St. Dennis are nearly finished; the buildings of Napoleon and those of Napoleon Ville are going on. Several churches and many episcopal Palaces, have been restored in the departments. The tomb of Desaix is seated upon the summit of the Alps not less astonished to behold, for the first time, a monument come from the chisel of our artists, than they were at the passage equally unexampled, of an army dragging with only the hands of men their numerous artillery. Overlooking on the one side France, and the other Italy; this tomb will attest to both the honors rendered by their common deliverer to his companion, to his friend, who died in the midst of the triumph which completed their alliance and fixed their double destiny.
The monuments founded or restored will be invested with inscriptions analogous their characters. The Institute of France has received the honorable mission of tracing them out; it will direct the plan of the medals to be struck by government, and science will thus unite with the arts in order to perpetuate all the remembrances dear to the national glory.
What more splendid career was ever opened to the fine art! did any reign more fit to nourish in their minds the thoughts and sentiments of fine things, ever afford so many prodigies to their enthusiasm, so many subjects to their labors, or such numerous encouragements to the efforts?
The French school is almost entirely occupied with retracing upon marble and upon canvas the principal periods of this glorious reign, whilst the Emperor is sending to it, from the heart of conquered States, new collections of models. The school of the fine arts of Lyons, has been instituted this year.
Theatres.
A school of declamation has been joined to the conservatoire of music, it will be useful both to the language and to the theatrical art.
Public Instruction.
The interests of teaching are one of the habitual thoughts of the emperor. During the too short period of his stay in Paris, this was the object which chiefly occupied him. A plan of a general university, embracing the whole system of public education, establishing the connections of those who are to co-operate in it, with government, among themselves, and with the citizens, tending to give them a common spirit, a great interest to the success of their labors, of which it secures
the reward; this plan has given rise to numerous and profound discussions in the council of state. The war has delayed for France the moment of enjoying this inestimable blessing; the emperor wishes still to improve it. Before occupying himself with it, or rather appearing to occupy himself with it, he caused a very minute account to be laid before him of the state of all the present establishments, of the number of their scholars, of their discipline, of their studies, of their resources and their expenses. Several Lyceums have been organized this year; their number amounts in all at this moment to 35; the number of pupils admitted to share the benefits of government has been much increased this year by the execution of the arrêté of the 3d Floreal, year 13.
There are forming for the honor of the sciences and letters, for the glory and service of the state upwards of eight thousand pupils, of whom three thousand seven hundred owe the whole or part of their education to the national munificence. There is now scarcely a town but maintains a secondary school at its own expence, at the same time that it possesses several private ones; the number of scholars of the Lyceums and of these schools greatly exceeds the number of students which were reckoned previous to the revolution in the universities and in the colleges; the inspectors-general of the studies, in the last inspection which they made of the schools of Paris, found the degree of improvement superior to what it formerly was.
The twelve law schools are organized; 2000 students are already eager to acquire in them a knowledge of the laws, and promise to the state a nursery of learned jurisconsults and enlightened magistrates.
Government has followed up the development of the system which was laid before you last year, and which has for its object to make the hospitals serve for the improvement of the medical art in the provinces, thus drawing from the relief given to suffering humanity, new means of preventing or diminishing their evils. Free schools of practical medicine have been established in the cities of Amiens, Besançon, Angers, Brussels, Ghent, Clermont-Ferrand, Grenoble and Poitiers. The courses of midwifery established at the hospital of la Maternité , and which since their formation, have already furnished nearly 400 learned midwives to the departments, have just been subjected to measures which will regulate their labors and secure their success.
The operations relative to the measurement of the arch of the meridian of Barcelona at the Balcare islands, have been resumed and will be continued this winter. The observatory of the Pantheon has been re-established; that of Turin is restored to astronomy.
Literature.
The emperor is desirous that the Belles-Letters shall share under his reign the impulse given to every thing that is great, useful and honorable to the nation; that the French language become more than ever the language of Europe, shall continue to justify this shining privilege, by its elegance its purity and the choice of its productions. His wish will not be disappointed; talents announce themselves which give previous hopes. Let public opinion encourage their birth, let it protect them against the taunts of foul aspersion and malice; let there henceforth be no more sects among men of letters than there are political parties in the state; let literature find in the alliance of taste with morality, the most certain principle of its success; let criticism become decent in order to be useful; let the men called to the noble function of enlightening and instructing, disdain solicited suffrages, puerile pretensions and the successes of a day; let them with their eyes fixed upon the elevated aim which is offered to them, upon the glorious objects that surround them, aspire to crowns which cannot wither; at the voice of a generous prince, let the creative flame of all great conceptions be lighted up in their breasts; let them be the worthy witnesses of such an age, and then they will deserve to be the painters of it, and to descend with it to the latest posterity.
The literary societies will second this flight. The emperor is desirous that they may serve as a guide to public opinion; that they may be the tribunal of taste; he invites them to resume the great works undertaken at different times by the concert of laborious writers. He is desirous that the literary history of France, penned by their care, may express calm and lasting judgments, and become the solemn monument which shall preserve the remembrance of writers worthy of esteem, honored with the public suffrage and with testimonies of his benevolence; these companies will answer his expectation by their impartiality and their redoubled zeal; the talents which they will have sig-
nalised, the useful writings which they will have remarked during the course of the year, will receive the most precious of rewards, by obtaining the attention of the Sovereign, who, powerful in the arts of war, has wished to be the restorer, the promoter of all the arts of peace.
However, the chief of the State does not disdain also to extend his thoughts to the kind of instruction which suits the inferior classes of society; an instruction which, in forming them to the habit of good morals, may give them such elementary notions as are useful to their labors. Several institutions have been authorised, the zeal of which will spread that simple and useful instruction throughout workshops and in the country. They will be seconded by the paternal care of those pastors whose presence and fuctions are also a sort of continual teaching of the first of all sciences, the love of good and the practice of virtue.
Government has in general only satisfaction to testify to the members of the clergy; all the degrees of the hierarchy present, more than at any other period, pure morals, a tolerant piety, a great disinterestedness, and a constant application to their duties. Occupying themselves without intermission with the noble task which was assigned to them, the restoration of public and private morality, they feel that obedience to the laws is an essential branch of both, and that of all the laws, the one which has for its object the defence of the state, is the most sacred of all, the one of which the speedy and entire execution is the most recommended by religious sentiments as well as by the love of one's country.
The different forms of worship authorised in the empire, live in an union worthy of the spirit which is common to them, and honorable for their ministers.
Israelites.
From the departments approximate to the Rhine, unanimous complaints had reached the emperor of the usury exercised by a few individuals professing the Jewish religion. The verification of the facts has proved that without a speedy remedy, the fruit of this usury would have entirely consumed the riches and resources of those fine provinces. The emperor was obliged to quiet the just apprehensions of so many thousands of husbandmen; but in affording this partial and momentary remedy, the emperor formed a conception more extensive and of a more lasting influence, he saw in the ancient habits, and in the false interpretation of some points of doctrine, the first cause of the evil which had excited these remonstrances.
In order to dispense himself from perpetuating either the precautions or the penalties, he wished to regenerate the morals of a portion of that class by the concurrence of the whole class, by the influence of the religious authority the laws of which it acknowledges. The Emperor knew that there are among the Jews of his states a great number of men whose opinions are sound, whose conduct is irreproachable, who are the first to grieve for the wrongs of their co-sectaries, and far from confounding these estimable men with those who are justly deserving of censure he led the former to execute the measures which are to prepare the reform of the others. A general assembly took place which laid down the regulations of police; a Grand Sanhedrin, an assembly of which the Jews for so many centuries past had seen no example, proclaimed the religious duties. It solemnly declared that the law of Moses, very far from authorising its sectaries to become inhabitants of a state without adopting its interests, without acknowledging its authorities, without observing its laws, prescribes to them, on the contrary, both the sentiments which attach them to their adoptive country, obedience to all its institutions, and the duty of arming themselves for its defence. Regulations will soon be made which will complete this great work, and regulate the exercise of the Hebrew worship: this reform which will form an epoch in the annals of the Israelites, will be for them the subject of eternal gratitude. The severity deserved by some of them has been the occasion of the blessings spread upon all. The first of these blessings is, in preserving to them the French name, to render them worthy of bearing it.
Finances.
Such are the improvements made in the internal administration of France since your last session; but the principal feature is still wanting to it, that which is most deserving of your attention, the state of our finances; at no period can they be shown to have been so prosperous, no period so short has witnessed such a vast improvement. The treasury has been freed from the dependencies in which it was held by contractors, who, for its ruin, made use of its own means. The contracts,
formerly so enormous, are now become easy and are made upon very moderate terms; the treasury has its bills discounted below five per cent, a thing unexampled under the ancient monarchy. A chest for the current service placed near the treasury and serving for its transactions with the receivers and the public, gives them the facility of accelerating the payments they have to make & affords private persons a security beyond the reach of stock-jobbing.
By means of this chest, the treasury may, without the trouble of conveying specie, by employing in every place the money which has been received there, make the necessary payment every where; its recourses are increased beyond its necessities; the ancient monarchy did not find in its enormous loans, so fertile a mine; never, however, was it less necessary to work it; the chests are full, the payments are made at the stated place and time, the orders upon the treasury are become the surest bills of exchange, the public securities are those which inspire the most confidence.
Such is the effect of the first look which the Emperor casts upon the state of the finances, after his return from Vienna and of the attention which he paid to that important branch of the administration; and, however, no tax has been added to those which existed, no new source of riches has opened itself for the treasury; the order and foresight of the chief of the government have alone effected this incredible melioration.
WASHINGTON CITY.
MONDAY, NOVEMBER 2.
MARRIED on Sunday the 11th ult. by the Rev. Mr. Brook, Lewis Ford , esq. formerly of this city, to Miss Elizabeth Plowden , of St. Mary's county Maryland.
CONGRESS.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
FRIDAY, OCTOBER 30.
The following gentlemen have been named on the select committees, agreed to be appointed by the resolutions moved by Mr. Dawson yesterday.
On the committee relative to military and naval establishments: —Messrs. Dawson, Helms, Rea, (Pen.) Butler, Van Cortlandt, Champion and Storer.
On the committee relative to aggressions committed within our ports and waters by foreign armed vessels: —Messrs. Blount, Chandler, Burwell, Goldsborough, Riker, Troup and Withersall.
On the committee relative to enterprizes against the public peace: —Messrs. Randolph, Blackledge, Lloyd, Quincy, Hoge, Masters, and Wilbour.
On the committee relative to our intercourse with Indian tribes: —Messrs. Cook, Bibb, Sloan, Desha, Harris.
The following gentlemen were named on the committee respecting the Post Office and post roads: —Messrs. Rhea, (Ten.) Kenan, Southard, Verplanck, Green, Carlton, Chittenden, Davenport, Knight, Whitehill, Trigg, Pugh, W. Alston, Cobb, Vanhorne, Worrow, (Ohio) Howard.
Mr. Rhea (T.) moved the following resolution, which was adopted—and, with a similar one passed yesterday, was ordered to be printed:
Resolved, That the committee on public lands do enquire into the expediency of laying off and describing by certain metes and bounds, a tract of country to which there is no existing Indian title, within the limits of the territory of Orleans, and to include all the settlements on the west side of the river Mississippi within the said territory; and of having the said tract of country laid off into townships, sections, half and quarter sections, agreeably to the several laws heretofore made for surveying the public lands of the U. S. and also to enquire into the expediency of granting one quarter of a section to every free male white person who now resides thereon, or who will within —— years actually improve and reside thereon.
Mr. Van Cortlandt presented the petition of Joshua Barney, of Baltimore, complaining of the undue election of Mr. MacCreery, and praying that his seat be vacated.
Referred to the committee of Elections.
Mr. MacCreery moved that the petition of the Inspectors of the port of Baltimore, praying for an increase of salary, presented at a former session, be now referred to the committee of Ways and Means. Agreed to.
Mr. Desha presented the petition of Judas Levi, a soldier in the revolutionary war, praying, on account of his disabled situation, for an increase of his pension. This petition, with the documents accompanying it, was referred to the Secretary of War.
On motion, a committee was ap-

pointed to prepare such rules and orders of proceeding as are necessary to be observed in this House. The committee consists of the following gentlemen: Messrs. Wina, Gray, John Campbell, Brown, and Gardnier. On motion of Mr. Findley, the House proceeded to the Election of a Chaplain on their part, for which appointment he nominated Mr. Laurie. The Rev. Obadiah B. Brown was also nominated.
Messrs. Barker, Bard and Sloan were appointed tellers; and having counted out the votes, reported, that 109 votes were given, and the Rev. Mr. Brown having 57, was declared to be duly elected.
Mr. Quincy moved that the petitions of Edward Weld and Samuel Beebee, presented at a former session, original subscribers to the funded debt of the U.S. who had lost their certificates, and praying relief, should be referred to the committee of Ways and Means. Agreed to.
On motion of Mr. W. Alston, the communication from Mr. Latrobe, received yesterday, was referred to the committee appointed to prepare rules and orders of the House.
Adjourned till Monday 11 o'clock.
The following are the Yeas and Nays on the motion to appoint the Standing Committees of the House by ballot.
YEAS. —Messrs. Basset, Bibb, Blount, Boyle, Campbell, Cobb, Dawson, Desha, Elliot, Eppes, Franklin, Gannett, Goodwyn, Gray, Lloyd, Randolph, Riker, Sawyer, Seaver, J. K. Smith, John Smith, Stanford, Van Horn, Wilbour.—24.
NAYS. —Messrs. Alexander, L. J. Alston, W. Alston, Bard, Barker, Blake, Brown, Burwell, Butler, Calhoun, Carlton, Champion, Chandler, Chittenden, Clopton, Cook, Culpeper, Cutts, Dana, Darby, Davenport, Deane, Durell, Ely, Findley, Fisk, Gardner, Goldsborough, Green, Harris, Heister, Helms, Holmes, Howard, Humphreys, Isley, Jenkins, Johnson, Kelly, Kirkpatrick, Knight, Lambert, Lewis, Masters, M'Creery, Milner, D. Montgomery, J. Montgomery, N. R. Moore, T. Moore, Jer. Morrow, John Morrow, Mosely, Newbold, Newton, Pitkin, Porter, Pugh, Quincy, Rea, Rhea, M. Richards, Russell, Sloan, Smith, Smilie, S. Smith, Southard, Stedman, Storer, Sturges, Swart, Taggart, Talmadge, Taylor, Thomas, Thompson, Troup, Upham, Van Alstyne, Van Cortlandt, Van Rensselaer, Verplanck, Wharton, Whitehill, D. R. Williams, Wetherall.—87.
At the request of Mr. Vanzandt, the following Circular, addressed to the members of the House of Representatives of the United States, is inserted.
Washington City, 29th Oct. 1807.
Sir,
I feel compelled from the duty I owe to myself and family, to answer the charges which were on Monday last so unexpectedly advanced against my character, of having improperly divulged the secret proceedings of the House, during the first session of the ninth Congress. The charges themselves give me no uneasiness, for I can prove them to be totally unfounded, and which, even admitting them to be true, would constitute no breach of confidence or honor. But I might have expected that the gentleman from Virginia, who made them, would at least have shown some respect for my feelings in the manner in which he introduced them to the knowledge of the House. He had during the last summer received from me a personal notice at his own house, of my intention of applying for the office of Clerk of the House of Representatives. He ought then to have stated the objections he had to my character, or have taken the course usually adopted against a candidate. Had he given me notice of his intention of stating publicly to the House his objections to me, I would have been prepared with such evidence as must have removed all unfavorable impressions from the minds of those who were unacquainted with me. But to rise suddenly in his place, and that too after a second ballot for Clerk, to address a public body, many of whom were unacquainted with me, to bring charges against my character without leaving me the power of self-defence, was a course of conduct, the propriety of which I must leave to himself to explain, and to the public to judge.
But it is not the object of this address to recriminate; nor shall I advert to the singularity of permitting a public denunciation of the character of a private individual to have its intended effect where the privilege of self-defence is not also permitted. I shall briefly state the circumstances which gave rise to Mr. Randolph's impressions.
At the commencement of the secret proceedings of the first session of the ninth Congress, no precaution was taken by the House to have doorkeepers stationed at each of the passages leading to the hall of the House
to prevent persons from listening. It was not therefore to be wondered at if the nature and subject of the debates should accidentally transpire while curiosity respecting them was so much alive. A gentleman of the name of Charles Evans did discover what was the subject of those debates, and heard the speeches of Messrs. Randolph and Eppes. He communicated the substance of them publicly , and I immediately afterwards communicated what I had heard from him to Mr. Bedinger, then a member from Kentucky, with the express view of convincing him how easy it was for the proceedings of the House to become public, notwithstanding the order for closing the doors ; and it is highly probable that Mr. Bedinger repeated it to other members, without being particular in relating also the manner in which I became possessed of a knowledge of the debates. And it is a matter of notoriety that such is the strength and clearness of the voice of Mr. Randolph that it can be heard even outside of the walls of the Capitol.
Mr. Bedinger, after my communication to him, frequently assured me that he was taking every precaution to prevent the possibility of any prejudice to my character, which might result from the nature of the communication I had made to him. I have written to him to verify this statement. Had I been guilty of any breach of confidence, is it to be supposed I would have communicated what I had so improperly discovered to a member of the very body whose secret proceedings I am charged with having disclosed? Or that, being an officer, I would in so palpable a manner, have exposed myself to the censure of the House, and to public disgrace.
It has been said that I was found listening in the committee room adjoining the House of Representatives. This charge I also declare to be unfounded. I was never in that committee room but once during the session of the House with closed doors, and then I was in company with Mr. Burch, junior, one of the Clerks, upon business relating to the office. And besides, the Sergeant-at-arms and a late Clerk in the office were in the room at the time we entered it, and I did not hear any thing of what was going on in the House. The charge of listening at the gallery door I absolutely deny.
The gentleman from Virginia, my unjust and cruel accuser, has stated that I confessed my fault and apologized for it to him. In this particular he is very incorrect. On hearing during that session that he had brought into the House some charge of the same kind, I waited upon him and informed him what I have here stated, with which he then appeared to be perfectly satisfied. If he construed any thing I then said into an apology he must have strangely misunderstood me. It would not however be strange if he had forgotten the particulars of a conversation that occurred nearly two years ago. Had he or any other member believed the report to be correct at the time it was first circulated, would not some inquiry have been instituted into it, and if proved guilty my dismissal from office have then taken place? But no mention of it was ever made after my conversation with Mr. Randolph. And I repeat it, that with the statements I then made to him he appeared perfectly satisfied. From that period I have been continued in the office as principal clerk, and for a considerable time during the last session acted as clerk of the House.
In addressing you, sir, on this subject, the solicitude I feel for my character is my only object. Had I met with an adversary against whom I could have been permitted to contend on equal grounds, or have given me notice of his intended attack, I might perhaps have been your choice as clerk of the House, and enjoyed an eligible situation for the support of my family. But to preserve a character unblemished, which was on Monday last so undeservedly aspersed, and to return my thanks to those who gave me their support, are the only objects I have now in view.
I have the honor to be, Very respectfully, Sir, your, obedient servant, NICHOLAS B. VANZANDT.
October 28th, 1807.
I Charles Evans, of George Town, in the district of Columbia, do hereby certify and declare, that the foregoing statement by Mr. Vanzandt, as far as the same respects my public communication , is strictly true.
CHARLES EVANS.
Witness, John Thompson.
City of Washington, } October 27, 1807. }
I DO hereby certify that on the day alluded to yesterday, by the Hon. John Randolph, I myself went into the committee room, adjoining the Representatives room, in consequence
of the door being open, and without key, with Mr. J. W. King, and stood by the fire, to prevent strangers from entering; that I asked Mr. King if he could hear any thing said in the House; he said no not a word. We then sat down by the fire. Soon after came in Mr. Vanzandt and Mr. Burch, and went to a map near the door entering the Representatives room, when I informed them the House was on confidential business, and they immediately left the committee room.
JOSEPH WHEATON.
Sergeant-at-arms.
As far as the votes have been received for Governor of Ohio, they give General Massie a majority of 1,143 over Mr. Meigs.
FROM THE AURORA.
SHIPS, COLONIES, COMMERCE.
The affairs of the world are now ours: because the current of worldly affairs has taken such a course as to leave US no choice between playing the hog in swimming against it—or going along with it smoothly and gaily and triumphantly.
Every event in political transactions in modern times, is foretold by a phrase, or anticipated by a bon mot or an epigram —what a volume was contained in the sentiment, that nothing in the present, should resemble the preceding century—it was at first taken as a bold saying, a figure of rhetoric, and it is already matter of history—and bye and bye it will be history altogether.
Who can forget the offers made to the king of Prussia, before the battle of Jena —and the bon mot , that was produced by the cavalier reply of the king of Prussia—"we shall reply to this letter in a month in Berlin." Who can forget the conduct of the Swedish monarch at Stralsund—that Stralsund is now a French fortress on the Baltic.
Who can forget British indemnity for the past and security for the future—what a satire on human folly is the security of Britain now .
About 10 or 12 months ago we ventured to suggest that Bonaparte would find resources for ships, colonies and commerce in ancient Greece, and on the shores of the Euxine. We gave our readers a series of essays on the commerce of the Levant , and promised another series on the commerce of the Euxine —the active interference of Russia in the war—the temporary success of the British minister, Arbuthnot, at Constantinople—and the occupation of Malta by the British, deprived us of a principal part of the motive for this examination, because, the mass of readers do not derive so much gratification from the contemplation of speculations that are remote in their accomplishment, as they do from the examination of events that are in the course to existence. The French are now, in fact, in the Euxine , and allied with Russia —and we may take up the speculation with more advantage in the course of the winter than we could at any period previous to the battle of Friedland—but we shall just observe here, en passant , that by the battle of Friedland , France obtained the most ample resources for ships —that is, naval stores—that are to be found on earth, by opening the Euxine .
Since that period also Dalmatia and the whole coast and harbors of Greece are opened to France. The forests of Macedon and Mingrelia —the Cedars of Lebanon , and the Oaks of the Borysthenes , the timber and the tar and turpentine and hemp of Crim Tartary are opened to her arsenals.
We may, without irritating those who never foretell nor foresee , and we might add, never understand any thing—may we refer to another case in which we ventured to anticipate as probable, but is now about to become reality.
It is notorious that the discipline of the Spanish navy is beyond all comparison bad—while in the art of ship-building they have no superiors. Spanish valor and Spanish honor have never been doubtful as they concern the nation. But the apathy of the nation has become such both in military and naval affairs, that a new genius is required to revive their ancient character for enterprize and achievement.
We ventured to surmise ten or twelve months ago, that with a view to the acquisition of ships, colonies, and commerce , Bonaparte would endeavor to infuse into the Spanish nation the same spirit by which he has enabled France to electrify the world, and that Portugal would probably be given to the Spanish monarchy, in exchange for that southern border of the Bay of Biscay, which extends from Bayonne to Finisterre .
It now appears that this plan is on the tapis, and that the vacant kingdom in the project of the western empire, may be filled up with the name of Navarre .
It is now probable that the Spanish provinces of Galicia from the mouth of the river Minho, will be formed into this new kingdom, under an old title, with Asturias, Biscay, Navarre, Aragon north of the Ebro, and Catalonia to the mouth of the same river will be ceded by Spain in exchange for Portugal.
These cessions in relation to the great scheme of ships, colonies and commerce are of the greatest consequence. On the Mediterranean—they give Barcelona, Tortola, and Martorel, and that hardy race of men whose character is the same as their neighbors of Roussillon.
On the Atlantic the acquisition is immense, it gives to the Western Empire, Tuy on the Minho, the important defensible position of Vigo, the ports of Garcia, Encobras, Villa Major, and Muros, Finisterre, Dea Corunna, Ferrol, and Ortegal, Bares, St. Ciprian and Aviles, Villa Viciosa, St. Andero, Santillana, Castro, and Bilbao, and the snug ports of Hondara, Deva, St. Sebastian and Fontarabia.
By the possession of the coast from St. Jean de Luz to Vigo —Cape Clear, in Ireland, and Cape Finisterre, in Galicia, both in 8 degrees, west longitude from Paris, become the actual extremes of the great Bay of Biscay. But the occupation is not so much the point as the advantage, by the occupation of this coast, the equipment and the dispatch of fleets are both rendered facile, and less subject to be affected by weather, at the same time that they multiply the means of building, equipping, and manning of fleets .
These territories, whether in superficial extent or population are about equal; but the provinces of the new kingdom are incomparably best for the purposes of naval equipment and commerce.
We entertain no doubt that such a disposition is to be made—because it arises out of the very necessities into which France has been forced —with her and England who shall? — Rome and Carthage .
New York, October 28.
Captain Doan, who arrived here yesterday from Bilbao, informs that on the 1st of September, 40,000 French troops passed through the neighborhood of Bilbao, on their way to Portugal.
William Caton and Mounsey Finning, two of the mutineers on board the British frigate Jason, were executed at Halifax on the 12th ult. Four others sentenced to suffer at the same time, were respited after they had ascended the platform.
A letter from Bermuda, dated Sept. 18th, says, "There is a tonnage duty just laid on American vessels, of one dollar per ton."
The Governor of New Providence has issued his proclamation, for the admission into the different ports of that colony, of American vessels with lumber, provisions, live stock, &c. (as formerly) until the first day of July, 1807.
Captain Cropsey, of the schooner Manchester, informs us, that St. Croix is in a state of blockade. The inhabitants were removing their property into the country. Two British frigates and a schooner, on the 5th instant, cut all the vessels out of the west end of St. Croix, and sent them to Tortola, with the exception of the brig Enterprise, Lovell, of Boston, a lumber vessel, who escaped with the loss of only 13 hogheads of rum. Amongst those sent into Tortola, is the schooner Silens , Field, captured on her passage from St. Croix to New York.
Philadelphia, Oct. 30.
Yesterday arrived the ship Neptune , capt. Jeffries, 60 days from Petersburg.—On the 4th of Sept. he stopped at Elsinore, and sailed from thence the 5th, this place he still found in the hands of the Danes, who did duty at the Castle, though they supposed, should Copenhagen fall, they should be obliged to submit also. Here he learned that Copenhagen still held out, and was determined so to do, to the last extremity. That the British had opened their batteries for eight or ten days previous to his being there.—That they cannonaded but little, there was but little firing in the day; but through the night they kept up a continual bombardment, that they had several times set the town of Copenhagen on fire, which was as often extinguished, that the night before he sailed, (bei a; that of the fourth) the British had again set the town on fire, which seemed to burn furiously, as long as capt. J. was in sight.—In the sound he saw above 400 sail of vessels, viz. men of war, transports and vessels, detained by the British. He did not understand that the British had made any attempts on Copenhagen by sea, but depended altogether on their
land troops. One British frigate approaching too near the Crown Batteries, was obliged to surrender to the Danes.
Captain Jeffries left Petersburg the latter end of August. While there, he neither heard or saw any thing like war about to commence with England, as has been reported; but the British vessels, of which there were a great number at Cronstadt, and the British merchants seemed to be carrying on their business, in every respect, as peaceably as formerly. The Russians blame the English for leading them into the war, and say they lost above 100,000 men in it, for no purpose.
Norfolk, Oct. 27.
The French frigate Le Cybelle , which has been lying at Craney Island, for many months, sailed for France on Sunday last.
Philadelphia, Oct. 31.
Yesterday arrived the brig Ariel , from Bristol. A passenger on board brought a Bristol paper of the 12th of Sept. containing London articles to the 10th, but it falling into the hands of the owners, they were unwilling to oblige us with it—however, from a hasty perusal of it on board the brig, we could not find that it contained any news from the Continent or Copenhagen, later than already given, or any one article of importance, unless the mention of an expedition fitting out from England, to take possession of Madeira.
VALUABLE PROPERTY, FOR SALE.
WILL be offered to the highest bidder at the house of Mr. M. Sime's in this town, on Monday the 30th November next, such parts of the following property as may not be disposed of prior to that day, viz. several improved and unimproved water and other Lots , and parts of Lots in George Town and its additions—Lot 7 in square 79, and 7, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, in square 569 city of Washington, together with the following lands—the Vale 403 1-4 acres; Dry meadow 34 acres; Good Fellowship 21 acres; Mount Airy 59 1-2 acres; part of Mount Airy , 5 1-2 acres; Below Amsterdam 12 1-2; acres Burn's Neglect 81 acres; Prospect 167 1-2; and part Knowds Disappointment 51-2 ac. in the district; New Harbor 83 acres; I believe it will Do 9 acres; Little Spout 12 1-4 ac. Montgomery & Frederick county Maryland —Nichols Delight 60 1-2 acres; Last Shift 100 acres; the resurvey of Cresop's neglect 204 3-4 acres, and Jacobs Ladder 309 acres, in Alleghany county Maryland , and 5132 acres in Randolph county Virginia . Sale to commence at 4 o'clock P. M. and to continue from day to day till the whole is sold—Terms of sale, time agreeable to the amount purchased, to be made known on the day of sale, where plots of the whole will be shewn.
J. M. BEATTY,
C. A. BEATTY.
George Town, October 26—tdos
PUBLIC SALE.
PURSUANT to an order of Prince William county Court, will be sold, on the 20th day of November next, on the premises, whereon the late Henry D. Hooe, deceased, lived, all the perishable estate of the said Henry D. Hooe; consisting of Horses, Cattle, Sheep, Hogs, Household and Kitchen Furniture—Also several likely Negroes; consisting of men, women and children. A credit of 6 months will be given, the purchaser or purchasers giving bonds, with approved security, to carry interest from the date, if not punctually paid. All those having claims against the said estate are requested to bring them forward on that day; also those indebted to the same are requested to make immediate payment.
WILLIAM SHAW, D. S. for Charles Ewell, S. P. W. C. October 19—w3t
PUBLIC NOTICE.
THE members of the Medical Faculty of the state of Maryland, residing in Saint Mary's, Charles, and Calvert counties will please to attend at the Cool Springs, in Saint Mary's county on the third Monday in November next where a meeting of the Faculty will be held pursuant to a resolution of the Medical and Chirurgical Faculty of Maryland, at their last biennial Congress in Baltimore, directing Medical associations to be formed throughout the state in districts, which districts were appointed by the resolution—the first district comprising Saint Mary's, Charles, and Calvert counties. The object of this meeting will be to appoint a President, Secretary, and Treasurer for the association as well as to form a constitution and bye laws, and to fix upon the future place and times of meeting.
Cool Springs, October 29—wtd
RUNAWAY NEGRO.—Was committed to the jail of Washington county, district of Columbia, as a Runaway, on the 19th inst. a yellow Man, who calls himself LEWIS; says he belongs to Henry Davidson, of Charles county, Maryland. He is about 20 years of age, 5 feet 3 1-2 inches high; had on a coarse linen shirt and trowsers, old brown coat, black hat, and no other clothes with him. His owner is desired to come and prove him, and take him away, or he will be sold for his jail and other fees, as the law directs.
CARTWRIGHT TIPPETT,
Keeper of the jail, for Daniel
C. Brent, Marshal.
October 30—1y 2t

P. MAURO takes the liberty to inform his friends, the members of Congress, and the inhabitants of the city in general, that he has lately returned from a journey to Baltimore, Philadelphia and New-York, with a large supply of the best and choicest groceries, wines, spirits, cordials, fruits, preserves, spices, pickles, &c. and also, with a large and well selected assortment of DRY & FANCY GOODS , which he offers for sale at his store adjoining Mr. Thomas W. Patro, west of the Seven Buildings, by whole sale and retail at very moderate terms. October 30—1f.
By order of the Orphan's Court of Prince George's county, the subscriber will sell at Public Vendue , on Tuesday the 1st of December at the Plantation formerly the residence of Leonard Waring, late of said county deceased, all the PERSONAL PROPERTY of said deceased, consisting of two likely young Negro men, two Yoke of Oxen, Cows, Hogs, &c. also Household and Kitchen Furniture, and Plantation Utensils—a credit of nine months will be given on the purchasers giving bond with approved security, bearing interest from the day of sale. CLEMENT HOLLIDAY, Adm'r. October 19—3t
FOR SALE —On Saturday the 14th day of November, will be sold at Auction either separately or together, the three Two story BRICK BUILDINGS on E street between 10th and 11th streets, late the property of Charles Cist, deceased; being near the Bank, the Public Fountain and Centre Market; their local situation renders them peculiarly eligible either for private families or a boarding house—Also, at the same time will be sold a large Frame Building in the rear of the above houses, well calculated for a work shop. Terms of payment, one fourth cash, and the remainder in six, twelve, and eighteen months. ** Should the weather prove unfavorable, the sale will take place the following Monday. S. SPEAKE, Auct October 30—3t
Post-Office, Washington city, October 28, 1807. UNTIL a different notification shall be given, all mails from this office will be closed at 6 P. M. on the days specified in the published lists of the last summer's arrangement, except those therein stated to close at 11 A. M. and 2 P. M., the former of which will continue to be closed, during the winter establishment, at 11 A. M. and the latter at 12 M. on the days mentioned in the summer lists. N. B. Lists of the summer establishment have been sent to the Members of Congress, and Officers of Government, all other persons who desire them shall be furnished at the office. T. MUNROE. October 30—3t
FRESH TEAS —The subscriber has received by Captain Elwood, 6 Chests of Old Hyson, 4 ditto Young Hyson, 4 ditto Best Imperial } Teas. Oranges, limes, oil, olives, capers, &c. Daily expected— 50 Boxes of mould Candles 20 ditto dipped ditto 50 ditto brown soap 10 ditto white ditto and a large quantity of candles, preserved limes, ginger, currant jelly, pickles, &c. P. MAURO. October 30—1f.
WILLIAM O'NEALE'S BOARDING HOUSE. Six or seven gentlemen can be accommodated with genteel boarding and lodgings, and stabling for six or seven horses during the session of Congress. A coach will be furnished free of any expense to the members to the members to the Hall and back again. WOOD & COAL will be sold at his coal yard, or delivered to those house-keepers who want it. Twenty tons of good Timothy for sale by WILLIAM O'NEALE, Near the West-Market. Washington City, October 30—w3t.
WILL be sold at Public Auction , on the premises, on Monday the 30th of November next, part of Lot number 4, in square 78, being 28 feet front, near the Western Market, and extending back about 147 feet to an alley. There is erected upon this lot, a good Brick Building , covering the whole front, with a good Kitchen and enclosure, and was formerly occupied by Dr. Bullus. As the property is well known, nothing further descriptive is thought necessary. Washington, October 30—5ds
JUST RECEIVED, And for sale by R. C. WEIGHTMAN, Pennsylvania Avenue. The Miseries of Human Life, or the Groans of Samuel Sensitive and Timothy Testy, 1 Dof. Cumberland's Memoirs, with a supplement down to last of 1806, 1-25. Langley's Builder's Jewel, 1-75. Denman's Midwifery, Rumford's Essays, 3 vol. 8vo. Lock's Essays, 3 vol. 12mo. 3-50. Harris's Encyclopedia, 4 vol. 12mo. 4-50. Paley's Philosophy, Cheselden's Anatomy, Underwood on Diseases of Children, Homer's Iliad, 2 vol. 1-75. Rural Economy, a Treatise on Pise Buildings, &c. &c. &c. Wright's best Printing Ink, &c. &c. October 23—6t
BURNS AND BEALL. WOOLLEN drapers, men's mercers, and tailors, New Jersey Avenue, opposite the Secretary of the Navy's, respectfully inform the public that they have commenced business in the above line, where they will endeavor to give satisfaction—they have on hand a fresh supply of the most fashionable goods, suitable for the approaching season, all fresh and of the very best quality. N. B. Regimentals and naval uniforms made in the most elegant and fashionable stile with neatness and dispatch. October 23—1f.
STRAYED OR STOLEN, FROM the premises of the subscriber, about the 6th day of September last, a BARK BAY MARE , remarkably fat, about thirteen and an half or fourteen hands high, not gaited, has a natural trot and a white spot on the left side of her jaw, no other marks recollected. Any person who will return the said mare or will give information where she may be had, shall receive five dollars reward, and no questions asked—If stolen, 50 dollars will be given on prosecuting the thief to conviction by applying to G. DOCKER, Capitol Hill. October 19—6t.
Twenty Dollars Reward. STOLEN or Strayed from the Commons of the city of Washington on or about the 6th day of the present month, a Black or rather Brownish HORSE between 7 and 8 years old and about 15 hands high, he has a star on his forehead, one of his hind feet white to the hock; he is a large bodied horse and has a remarkable small neck and large head for a horse of his size, he was marked on the breast from the collar, and marked on the shoulder from the cart saddle—he was shod all round—he is a very nice saddle horse, but an excellent draught horse. The above reward will be paid by the subscriber on conviction of the thief, or five dollars and reasonable charges will be paid by me on delivery of the horse. THADY HOGAN. Washington city, North F street near St. Patrick's church, Sept 30—tf
FRESH FRUIT. THE Subscriber has just received from Antigua a large supply of fine ORANGES and LIMES , which he will dispose of wholesale or retail, on reasonable terms. JOHN OTT, Druggist, Sc. George-Town. October 26—w3t
ST. MARY'S COLLEGE. GRAND LOTTERY, BALTIMORE. Authorised by the General Assembly of the state of Maryland, the scheme of which is the most brilliant ever offered to the citizens of the United States, containing, besides a large number of other good prizes. 1 prize of 30,000 dollars, 1 do. of 15,000 dollars, 3 do. of 10,000 dollars, 2 do. of 5,000 dollars, 8 do. of 1,500 dollars, 7 do. of 1,000 dollars, Not two blanks to a prize, and the lowest prize is twelve dollars. The scheme contains only 21,500 tickets; 10,000 of which are actually sold to a company of gentlemen, in New York, to whom the Managers have obligated themselves to commence the drawing in the city of Baltimore, On THURSDAY the 31st day of DECEMBER next , and to draw 500 tickets per day. Tickets and Shares are now selling in a variety of numbers and very rapidly, at Ten Dollars and a Half each, for a short time, at G. & R. WAITE'S truly fortunate Lottery Office, corner of Market and Charles streets Baltimore. The grandeur of the Scheme of the above lottery, together with an assurance from the Managers that it will positively commence drawing on the 31st day of December next, have been a sufficient inducement for the subscribers to come to the city of Baltimore for the express purpose of facilitating the sale of the tickets. G. & R. WAITE. One of the above firm will personally attend the drawing daily, to take down the numbers correctly, as will also one of their clerks. The next New York Lottery will not commence drawing till April next—tickets of which Lottery may be had at Waite's offices, No. 64 and No. 38, Maiden Lane New York. ** Distant adventurers, accompanying their orders with Bank Notes, of any description to either of Waite's offices, in New York or Baltimore, may have Tickets and Shares forwarded to any amount with the utmost punctuality, and the earliest advice sent them of their success. All prizes sold by G. and R. Waite, will be paid by them. ** Tickets in the above Lottery are to be had at J. MARCH'S Book store, Georgetown, where the prize list will be regularly received. October 12—taw3m
LINDSAY'S HOTEL. The Subscriber has taken that well calculated house on the Capitol Hill. Late occupied by Mr. Prost formerly by Mr. Stelle—Where he intends to open a Tavern on the 24th October. Those gentlemen who may favor him with their Custom may rely on every attention in the power of the Public's devoted Servant. GEO. W. LINDSAY. N. B.—EIGHT or TEN BOARDERS may be conveniently accommodated. October 19—1f.
ADVERTISEMENT. STRAYED or Stolen from the commons near the Eastern Branch, on Sunday night the 27th Sept. a BLACK MARE , about fifteen hands high, in good order, 11 years old last Spring—Has a white star in her forehead, a white left hind foot, high ramp, blind in her right eye (by drawing) back a little hurt with the cart saddle, shod before, and no brand recollected. Whoever will deliver said mare to the subscriber near the Navy Yard, shall receive if she is found in the city, Five Dollars , if ten miles off Ten Dollars , and Twenty Dollars if she is above ten miles, and if she is stolen fifty per cent will be added to each of the above sums, provided the thief is committed and secured, paid by, JEREMIAH BOOTHE. Washington city, Oct. 5—w4t
By Virtue of a Decree of the county court of Prince William, will be SOLD to the highest bidder on the 29th day of October 1807, before the tavern of Benjamin Bronaugh at Hay-Market on a credit of six months, the purchaser giving bond and approved security for the payment—the following TRACTS OF LAND , belonging to the estate of Henry Dade Hooe , lately deceased. One tract containing about 100 acres, lying in the county of Fauquier on the road leading from Haymarket to Fredericksburg. The quality of the soil of this land is excellent. One other tract of land situate in Fauquier county near the Thorough-fair Mills, containing 200 acres, having on it a Dwelling-House, Store-House and Offices—also a Merchant Mill, upon a never failing stream, capable of being rendered extremely valuable. The soil of this tract is fertile, and about one fourth of it is good meadow land. The decree under which the sale of this land will be made, was founded on the will of the said Henry D. Hooe, directing a sale of the same for the payment of his debts. JOHN H. PEYTON, WM. G. WADE, Commissioners. October 7—ep3w
CHARLES H. VARDEN, Merchant Taylor New Jersey Avenue, near the Capitol RESPPECTFULLY informs the gentlemen of the district of Columbia, he has imported by ship Eliza & Ann lately arrived at Philada A choice assortment Of Extra Superfine cloths, Bennetts, Velvets, and Cords, Cashmere, single and double milled Satin cloths, fashionable Spanish Orleans and Tolienets, rich silk Mouselin velvets, silk and satin Florentines, with a variety of other articles suitable for the season. N. B. Ladies habits, regimentals, and navy uniforms made in the first stile of fashion. Richard Warwells celebrated patent parallel suspenders, can be had on the same terms as at his manufactory. November 12—tf
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD. RAN away from Freestone Point, near Dumfries, on Sunday the 17th of last month, a Negro Man, named ANDREW , the property of SARAH FOUCHEE , in Prince William county, and hired of her until the end of the year. He had a pass for three days, being Whitsunday Holidays. Andrew is about 21 years of age, 5 feet 9 inches high, a black complexion; has a scar near the corner of his eye, is a little cross eyed, and has a forward, impudent countenance. Any person who will apprehend and secure him in gaol, so that the subscriber, living near Dumfries, may get him again, shall receive the above reward. JOHN STONE. Prince William county, June 27. N. B. All persons are forbid harboring him, or conveying him away by land or water. Just Published, and for Sale At R. C. WEIGHTMAN'S Book-store Pennsylvania Avenue, POLITICS FOR AMERICAN FARMERS. Fine copy, 87 1 2 cents—Coarse do. 25 cents. Ramsay's Life of Washington, 2 d. 50 c. Thornton's Enquiry into the nature and effects of the paper credit of Great Britain, 2 d. 50 c. Dupon's Travels in South America, 3 vols. 7 d. 50 c. With many other valuable publications which have lately been received and for sale as above. ** Politics for Farmers may be had at all the Book-stores in the district of Columbia. Subscriptions are received by R. C. W. for Johnson's Dictionary , to be published in Boston in Four Royal octavo volumes—Price to subscribers 18 Dollars. The London 4 to. copy sells at 30 Dollars. October 19—6t
By order of the Orphan's court of Prince George's county, Maryland, will be sold at Public Sale , on the 23d day of next month, at the House of the late Zephaniah Prather, all his said Zephaniah Prather's HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE , Horses, Cattle, Sheep, Hogs, Corn, and Corn Fodder, Tobacco in the house, and Plantation Utensils. The sale to commence at 11 o'clock—Nine months credit for all sums over Ten dollars by giving bond with approved security—for all sums under Ten Dollars ready money to be paid. All those who have claims against the said Zephaniah Prather deceased, are desired to bring them in properly authenticated, as speedily as possible. ZEPHENIAH PRATHER, adm'r. of his father Zephaniah Prather. October 16—2w
CAPITOL of the UNITED STATES. No Person whatever can be admitted into the South Wing of the Capitol, excepting those actually engaged in the work. It is hoped that the citizens will see the necessity of this restriction being general. The injury done already by improper Visitors has been very considerable, and is the present state of the building, which is about to be finished, the interruption occasioned by the admission of strangers might defeat all endeavors to get the house ready at the time required. B. H. LATROBE, Surveyor of the Public Buildings of the U. S. September 11—tf
RUNAWAY NEGRO. —Was committed to the jail of Washington county, district of Columbia, as a Runaway, on the 15th inst. a black Man, who calls himself NED ; says he belongs to Wm. Casson, of Spotsylvania, Virginia, near Fredericksburg. He is 5 feet 8 inches high, about 30 years of age, stout made; his clothing are a homespun shirt and trowsers, gray cloth round jacket, old black hat, old shoes—no other cloaths with him. His owner is desired to come and prove him, and take him away, or he will be sold for his jail and other fees, as the law directs. CARTWRIGHT TIPPETT, Keeper of the jail, for Daniel C. Brent, Marshal. October 26—w3t
NOTICE —There is a vacancy for a TEACHER that wants to make up a good School, in the neighborhood of the subscribers, about five miles from Bladensburg on the road to Annapolis. Those who wish to fill that vacancy can make application to us; one who can come well recommended in Arithmetic, Reading, Writing, &c. will meet with encouragement. JONATHAN BEALL, HUMPHRY WILLIAMS, OLIVER BARRON, and others. October 26—w3t
JOHN GOULDING, HAS FOR SALE, Real good Old Madeira, } WINES, Sicily Madeira, } in Casks Sherry, Lisbon, } and in Port, & Bucello's } Bottles. Claret in bottles, large and small boxes, from 6 to 12 dollars per dozen, Cogniac Brandy, Peach and Apple brandy, Jamaica spirit, Holland gin, Whiskey in barrels, 5th proof, Loaf and Lump Sugar in barrels, Porter and Ale in hds. and in barrels, Together with most other Wines and Spirits generally used in this part of the country—Also, Ravens Duck, Spermaceti Candles, and oil of the very first quality, with sundry other articles, all of which he is determined to sell low for money or on short credit to his kind and punctual customers. Cash purchasers will find it their interest to call on him. He earnestly requests all those indebted to him to cause payment to be made to him soon; also those indebted to him for Postage since last year and the beginning of the present year. Georgetown, October 23—tf
SUBSCRIPTIONS for the Richmond Enquirer will be received at the Post Office, in George-Town. The terms are 5 dollars a year, paid in advance. Gentlemen residing in George-Town or the City of Washington, who are in arrears for the Enquirer will please to call and pay off the balances against them. Receipts will be given by D. WILEY. October 28.
WANTS a Situation or Employ , a Man from England, who understands Farming, and perfectly understands setting Post and Rails, planting Quicket Hedges, and all sorts of Draining. Apply to the Printer of this paper. October 28. 3t
THORN HEDGES. FOR Sale by the subscriber, upwards of One Hundred Thousand seedling plants of the American HEDGE THORN , from Two and an Half to Five dollars per thousand. Also a few thousand of the Pyracantha or Evergreen Thorn , and of the Honey Locust —all of which will be got ready for delivery at his Nursery near the Little Falls of Potomac as soon after the fall of the leaf as practicable. Purchasers who chuse will be furnished gratis with a pamphlet of directions for the management of the plants, &c. Any former customer, also may have a copy of the same by application at the Nursery; to others the price will be Twenty-five cents. THOS. MAIN. October 14—
FOR SALE. A handsome new GIG and HARNESS . Enquire of the Printer or of the subscriber near the Navy Yard. ROBERT DILLON. October 26—3t
MRS. SUTER'S BOARDING HOUSE. MRS. SUTER (from Georgetown) respectfully informs her friends and the public that she has taken the house adjoining the Store of Mr. Edgar Patterson in the city of Washington where she is ready to receive Boarders , and promises herself the satisfaction of meriting the patronage of those who may please to favor her with their company. October 26—7t.
New & Valuable BOOKS. JUST received, and now opening, at D. RAPIER'S Book-store on Capitol Hill, a Choice and Valuable Collection of BOOKS and STATIONERY , which he will be happy to dispose of to his friends and customers on the most reasonable terms—amongst which are: The Novel of St. Dominique, by Miss Owen. son, author of the Wild Irish Girl , Saint Clair, or the Heiress of Dermont, by the same author. Warren's History of the American revolution, 3 vols. Montgomery's Poems, Roberts on Frauds, Sugden's Law of Venders, Ball's Reports, vol. 7th, Peter's (Judge) Maritime Law, Kenning and Mumford's Virginia Reports, Domestic Cookery, Sidney on Government, Aitkin's Geography, Workman's do. Geographical questions, Sporting Anecdotes, Nautical Almanacs for 1808—9 German Theatre, 6 vols. Jeit's Surveying, Sacred Classics, 9 vols. Sevigne's Letters, 7 vols. Sully's Memoirs, 5 vols. Pope's Homer, 4 vols. Crayola's Italian Dictionary. Young's Centaur. Lady's elegant tortoise-shell combs, ornamented and plain. Spectacles and Morocco cases. Watch seals and keys. Fashionable paper hangings and borders. Eccles' water colors. Mathematical Instruments. Chamber Lamps and wicks. Japaned Ink. Durable do. A large assortment of writing & letter paper—hot pressed and plain. Quills, sealing-wax, wafers, pen knives, &c. &c. Dr. Rees' Cyclopaedia, Vol. 5th. Part 1st. or the 9th half volume, is just received and ready for delivery, those who have not had all the preceding vols. will oblige by sending for them. Aug. 7 tf.
This is to give notice, That the subscriber of Georgetown in the district of Columbia, hath obtained from the Orphan's Court of Washington county, and district aforesaid, letters of administration on the personal estate of Christopher Richmond, late of the said county, deceased. All persons having claim against the said deceased, are hereby warned and required to exhibit the same with the vouchers thereof to the subscriber on or before the 20th day of March next, or the may otherwise by law be excluded from all benefit of the said estate. Those standing indebted to the deceased are requested to make immediate payment. All claims forwarded by mail must be post paid. JOE CARLETON. Georgetown, September 18—taw4w
Valuable Seats for Iron Works. THE subscriber offers for sale between Five and Six Thousand acres of Land bounded on one side by James River, including big and little Owen's Creek, and situated in Amherst county in the state of Virginia. This land is in the midst of a well and thick settled country, about 100 miles above the city of Richmond. There are not more than 30 acres of it cleared. The remainder is heavily timbered—consisting of large pines, white oaks, poplar, black walnut and chestnut. On Big Owens creek, and within 600 yards of James river, which is navigable for boats at all seasons of the year—there is an excellent site for any kind of water works. The stream is rapid and constant, and about three miles from the seat are, as it is believed inexhaustible banks of Iron ore, which the subscriber has secured and which will be sold with the land. This ore has been tried and proved to be of a very superior kind. The land adjoining the seat is of excellent quality. Two hundred acres of timothy meadow might be made on the creek. The upland although hilly in places is well adapted to small grain, and a great proportion of it suitable to the raising of tobacco. Immediately around the site for water works are inexhaustible LIMESTONE Quarries, together with great quantities of the best building stone. In short there are many advantages combined to render this a most eligible spot for the erection of iron works, or any other kind of water works. It is deemed unnecessary to say more concerning this property than to request those who incline to purchase to view it. It will be shown by captain Henry Halloway in the neighborhood. The price will be moderate, terms of sale which will be made very easy. Will be made known on application to the proprietor residing in Georgetown district of Columbia. NATHAN LUFOROUGH. Georgetown, February 16—wtf
A GOOD PIANO FORTE. THE Subscriber will SELL or HIRE a second-hand PIANO —also, for sale, Violins, Violin Bows and String. He also offers his services in tuning Pianos in the most correct manner, and on the shortest notice. He will LETT 3 or 4 ROOMS and a Kitchen, entirely separated by a passage from his part of the House, one of the above Rooms is sufficiently large for an Assembly Room, which will be rented at a moderate rate to a genteel family. F. A. WAGLER, near the Centre Market. Washington, Oct. 19—w3t
TO HIRE, After the 31st of the present month, (October) THREE likely young NEGRO MEN , Of good character. Apply to T. H. GILLISS. Washington city, Oct. 14—w3t
A NEGRO MAN, A very good Laborer , to hire by the year. Enquire of the Printer. October 7—wtf