The gazette (Portland, Me.), 1799-04-08 00:00:00

The Gazette.
[NUMBER 50.]
By ELEZER ALLEY JENKS, Portland, Maine.
[VOLUME 1.]
Portland, MONDAY, APRIL 8, 1799.
Communication.
I CANNOT persuade myself to have done with my good friends the Jacobins, though I cannot say but these communications have long been tiresome to the public eye. I believe the Jacobins to be an ulcer on society which is wholly incurable; but while proper applications are used to repress its pernicious progress, the health of the body may be preserved. "It is a kind that cometh not out by fasting and prayer"—They must be dealt with, as some sectaries call it—and when nothing else will do, they must be "beaten with many stripes." For the case is, that though the cut-throat philanthropists of France have made themselves believe that they are wonderfully enlightened, and almost even that they are honest; could they but analyze themselves, and set in order passion after passion, and feeling after feeling, motive after motive, and hope after hope, they would not at least be able to find in the whole group one meritorious thing.—Being myself convinced that Jacobinism, by that eternal and immutable relation and resemblance of all bad things, which makes one definition serve for the whole,
"is a monster of so frightful mean, As to be hated, needs but TO BE SEEN," but at the same time that like all kinds of hypocrisy, of which itself is the very worst, it is extremely hard to be clearly seen by him whose eye is single and whose heart is unspotted, I have thrown it occasionally into new points of view, to which this day I shall add another.—We shall survey some points of its line of march from 1790, and finally take particular notice where it is encamped at the present day.
There is a rake's progress, and a harlot's progress, already in the world, to which we may add the prodigal son; but the progress of a Jacobin is such wanted to surround the rural looking-glass, or decorate the rural mantelpiece; and no honest man could be offended at it, because such have never been, or have ceased to be Jacobins. The injudicious and factious gentleman who portrayed the amusing scene of the honorable Mr. Lyon's caning on the Congress floor appears to be well qualified to execute a design where truth and caricature are one and the same. We must not lay down the weapons of our warfare till Virginia, Kentucky, and the county of Northampton, together with all and singular French emigrants and united Irishmen are willing to make peace with mankind, and cost government no more than they pay.
1. The first appearance of Jacobinism under the federal government was the opposition to the assumption of the public debt, and funding of it on the credit of the United States. This measure was so just in itself, relieved the individual States from so many intolerable burdens, and destroyed so many grounds of disunion—satisfied the creditors so well, made the nation so respectable, and strengthened the government so much, that there is no wonder at its alarming the republicans with Mr. Madison then at their head. Virginia had even already taken her stand, and has never left it.—Who would suppose that a measure so evidently just and indispensable should even to this day be the ditty of opposition?—Yet, the funding system—oh, the funding system—will ruin us, the Jacobins say. Why now, honesty? I answer because it fortifies the government with the support of its creditors.
2. The next great stand the republicans made was in opposition to neutrality. President Washington wisely anticipated the arrival of Genet, and the meeting of Congress by proclaiming the strict neutrality of the United States in the European war. This perfectly satisfied all who understood and pursued the public good; but as usual in such cases, it displeased the Jacobins, who concerted every possible measure to drive England to war with us, or us with England; and when that could not be effected, to make the government break the neutrality by acts of friendship to France. Mr. Madison had not yet been crowded out of Congress by the amiable Mr. Gallatin and Co., the present more desperate leaders of opposition, and moved his "commercial resolutions," a most insidious trap for the people, but which most fortunately was sprung without catching any body but himself.—Genet applied for arms—Knox told him he should not have "a pistol." The French and Jacobins then tried to excite the privilege of arming vessels and condemning prizes—This attack too was repelled. They appealed to their Clubs, which they called "the people"—that too was disregarded. In short, the government, ever determined to make the people responsible for their own conduct, has ever viewed itself as merely an agent for the people, bound to fulfil his powers, but not to calculate for praise.
3. The next most prominent station which this army of observation took was in opposition to the British treaty. Having themselves caused
the necessity of a treaty "of amity" with England by their seditious measures to break the American neutrality, they had to take a new position, and because they could say nothing else, they said the treaty was a bad one. The President and Senate had ratified it according to the constitution; but the republicans in the House refused the necessary supplies. By the constitution the house must originate bills for expenditure of money, and so they turned their power into a right, as if they could be under no obligation to pass anything which they had the power to refuse. They even had the effrontery to claim the treaty-making power under an authority "to regulate commerce," which in no other commercial treaty before or since have they pretended to, and in this case they trusted only to what they supposed a general delusion. But the people by pouring in addresses of advice treated them better than they deserved, and the supplies were granted by a small majority. In the mean time the British treaty is the best this nation ever made.
4. About the same time the Jacobins fomented the Pennsylvania insurrection. The excise on whisky was made the pretence for this, and the reason, that excises on whisky were tyrannical. Mr. Gallatin, after living in some part of the District of Maine, had fixed himself in the western counties of Pennsylvania as most congenial to his temper and designs. It was expected on this occasion that the clubs would declare for the insurrection. Mr. Fauchet had a hand in it. Mr. Randolph a Virginian, then secretary of state, favoured the views of France. Much dependence was placed in the want of a standing force, and of a militia in the United States. But this rebellion was quelled by the influence of Gen. Washington in the center of the Union. It has now broken out again, because Congress have taxed the people to support government against Jacobinism.
5. I proceed to the barefaced and shameless opposition of the Jacobins against the navy.—How is it that there is nothing so rascally, nothing so absurd, ridiculous and destructive, but what may be hammered into a sort of patriotism?—Gallatin knows that God in judgment has placed him among a calculating, careful, and parsimonious people, and the crafty villain is forever harping about expence. It may be that the people will look no further, and chime with Mr. Gallatin; but if they are unable or unwilling to see that some expence in a thousand cases saves expence, and that in this case it is the only means we have to prevent destruction, they must take the consequences. At a time when the greatest possible danger impends, if there is no motive to rally round the government, we do not deserve to be saved, and it is immaterial what becomes of such a people.—Mr. Gallatin will have estimated us with dreadful propriety; and we shall follow the destiny of his native city Geneva, in whose present horrors he ought to be involved in reward of his principles, which ruined her. Are we to be poisoned to death by this foreign spy and incendiary? Can we forget that Talleyrand said on his return from America to France that nothing was to be feared from a nation which spent all its time in talking, and took three or four years to build three frigates?
6. But so completely were we sold to France that posterity I hope will not believe the next disgrace which this party inflicts on our historic page, I mean the opposition to the defensive arming of the merchants vessels. France had taken twenty millions of our property without the least pretence of right, and on no other ground than because she had the presumption to think us (what, if true, she made us) the weaker nation; and yet the Jacobins deprecated self-defence, and even wooden guns. With a meanness which was quite evidential of the degree of their self-esteem, and equally so of the proper rate of it, they either through fear or treachery extolled the "terrible republic" as the venal Athenian orators did Philip of Macedon, and like Cassandra, warned us of approaching doom. The beauty of all this is, that these identical Jacobins had intentionally brought the country into the very situation to which they advised us to submit. They had sold us to the mob of Paris.
7. In their downhill progress, I find them next opposing the alien and sedition laws. It is a fact that nothing which we see surprizes us Otherwise to befriend foreigners and sedition citizens in the very administration of the government, and so commit self-murder as a point of prudence, might have been a slap to our callous sensibilities. If it were not for the danger of such folly, one could do nothing but laugh at seeing the pathetic Mr. Nicholas of Virginia, come gravely forward and give solemn notice that when there should be a full house he would move the legislature of one hemisphere of the world for a law to remove all obstacles in the way to immediate destruction. What impudence is it to draw so largely at once upon the simplicity and inexperience of the people? In any other country this gentleman might feel for his head every morning before he said his prayers.—Is any portion of the people so stupid as not to see the impudent reason of moving that a sedition law may be repealed? And
who can furnish me the parallel of such a motion from a legislator, in the midst of a legislative assembly? It is true, I believe, that the motion was never made, and so the world is yet unenlightened with the precedent; but it shall not go for nothing that it was threatened. These Virginians have a very liberal scale of estimation, a scale unembarrassed with divisions or proportions, a scale capable of infinite extension or contraction, perfectly convenient and indefinite. Else how could they, straining at a gnat, swallow a camel in espousing, on the very floor of Congress, the blasted cause of hostile foreigners, unnaturalized, undeserving to be naturalized, the very scum and overflowings of France? What has become of the logic of their patriotism? If their acquirements are confined to the mere title-pages of knowledge, they still might have found such an one as solidity of argument . Since when has a pernicious wishing sophistry been an equivalent for the public safety? Do the continued treasons of deception form no class in the gradation of public crimes? Is it only little wickedness which we can comprehend and punish? Truly it is said that a republican government depends on the virtue of the people, when it is only their virtuous sense of these things that can discountenance and prevent them.
8. At last, the war of argument having arrived to this disgraceful end, detected, exposed and baffled by the government, and three times struck to the ground by the massive aim of the people themselves; this restless, incorrigible and impenitent faction has desperately leaped to the goal of its career and openly defied a government and people whom it could not deceive, corrupt or terrify. And as nobody sins so impudently as the detected hypocrite, so they, once exposed in true colours beyond the hope of redeeming their ascendancy, raise the standard and mount the cockade of France, and profess without disguise—that they intend, and have ever intended, to subvert the constitution itself, and other means failing, to try the question in a field of battle. And so, for the first time since they existed, the Jacobins come to the point and play fair.—Yet, it is so inherent in their very natures to deceive, that I suspect in this instance, like all others, you never will know where to find them. [To be continued.]
Judicious Investigation.
Liberty of the Press.—Common Law.
Sketch of Chief Justice DANA'S Observations, prior to passing sentence upon Mr. ABIAH ADAMS, for publishing a Libel, at the Supreme Judicial Court, Boston, February term, 1799.
AFTER a long and fair trial you have been convicted by an upright and impartial jury, of publishing a false, scandalous and malicious libel against the Legislature of the Commonwealth.
The subject of the libel is the proceedings of the Legislature, disapproving of certain resolutions of the State of Virginia, officially communicated to them, and indeed to all the other Legislatures of the Union, requesting their concurrence therein.
Touching these Resolutions, it is enough to observe generally, that they charge Congress with having violated the national Constitution, and invaded the sovereign rights of the particular States, the freedom of speech, and the liberty of the press, by passing the sedition and alien acts—and also, assert a right to judge of the constitutionality of Laws enacted by Congress to be vested in the Legislatures of the several States.
Thus attempting to establish the monstrous positions that there exists within the United States, as many supreme, independent, disconnected judicial authorities, as there are States in the Union, having a right to determine all questions touching the powers entrusted to the national Legislature by the national compact or Constitution:—and that this right is vested in that branch of the State governments, which all, or nearly all, the constitutions of the several States expressly forbid to exercise any judicial authority.
The Legislature of Virginia have indeed not only claimed but actually exercised this assumed power, and gone on to declare the acts in question unconstitutional, and therefore null and void; and absolved their citizens from all obedience to them, and charged their judicial authorities to act accordingly, if I rightly remember.
In their proceedings respecting the resolutions of Virginia our Legislature say, "they cannot admit the right of a State Legislature to pronounce the administration of that (the federal) government, to which the people themselves by solemn compact, have exclusively committed their national concerns—that the decision of all cases in law and equity, arising under the constitution of the United States, and the construction of all laws made in pursuance thereof, are exclusively vested, by the people, in the judicial Courts of the United States:—that the people in that solemn compact, which is declared to be the law of the land, have not constituted the State Legislatures the judges of the acts or
measures of the federal government:—that they do not themselves claim the right, nor admit the authority of any of the State governments to decide upon the constitutionality of the Acts of the federal government:—that they consider the Acts of Congress, called the Alien and Sedition Acts not only unconstitutional, but expedient and necessary:—that the genuine liberty of Speech and of the Press, is the liberty to utter and publish the truth; but the constitutional right of the citizen to utter and publish the truth, is not to be confounded with a licentiousness in speaking and writing, that is only employed in propagating falsehood and slander:—that the freedom of the press is a security for the rational use, and not the abuse of the press: of which the Courts, the Juries and the People will judge:—that they consider the Sedition Act to be wise and necessary, as an audacious and unprincipled spirit of falsehood and abuse had been too long unremittingly exerted for the purpose of perverting public opinion, and threatened to undermine the whole fabric of government.
Such are the sentiments expressed by our Legislature, which met the approbation of the Senate (with one dissentient only) and of a great majority of the House of Representatives.
Segments which will bear the severest scrutiny, when "Truth is its guide, and Liberty its object."
Yet these sentiments drew forth this Libel stated in the Indictment; in which those Members of the Legislature who voted for those proceedings, are charged in effect, with having violated the Oath of Allegiance to the Commonwealth, and invited the Deity to witness a falsehood—are compared to the rebellious and fallen Angels—denominated Apostates with their faces in the dust, and declaring, "While the name of the single dissentient in the Senate will be handed down to the latest generations of Freemen, with high respect and gratitude, the names of such (meaning the majorities) who have aimed a death-wound to the Constitution of the United States will rot above ground, and be unsavoury to the nostrils of every lover of Republican freedom."
All this indecent and outrageous calumny is poured forth upon them, because as the author of it asserts, they "disclaim for themselves as members of the Legislature, and deny to all other States in the Union, any right to decide on the constitutionality of any Acts of Congress."
If they erred in this opinion of judgment, they have already been followed by the Legislatures of several states, and will probably be so, by a great majority of them, as they have an opportunity to declare their sentiments upon the same subject.
But however censurable the libel may be in itself, it cannot be more dangerous to the public tranquility than the propagation of the principles which have been advanced by your counsel in your defence, and through the channel of the same Press, as well before as since the indictment was found, viz. That the makers, printers, or publishers of any libel, however false, scandalous, seditious, or treasonable in its nature, which issues through the Press, cannot in any manner be questioned in a court of law; because the Constitution of the Commonwealth declares, "the liberty of the Press is essential to the security of freedom in a state, it ought not therefore to be restrained in this Commonwealth."
That the indictment being grounded not on any statute but the common law of England only, ought not to be supported as that law had now no force or operation within the United States; that the common law was inconsistent with those republican principles contemplated, and avowed in our Constitution, and inapplicable to the genius and nature of our government. Such doctrines were unheard of among us till of late. They who have urged them would deprive us of what we have long been taught to cherish as our birth right and best inheritance. Indeed, without the aid of the common law, every Lawyer must know it would be impracticable to proceed in the distribution of justice, civil or criminal.
So sensible were the Citizens of the United States of the truth of this observation, that when forming their Constitutions, they carefully, in almost all of them, secured its operation so far forth as their local condition admitted, unless repugnant to their constitutions.
The Constitution of this Commonwealth declares "All laws which have heretofore been adopted, used and approved, in the Province, Colony, or State of Massachusetts Bay, and usually practiced on in the courts of law, shall still remain and be in full force until altered or repealed by the Legislature, such parts only excepted as are repugnant to the rights and liberties contained in this constitution." Chap. 6. Art. 6.
New York. "Such parts of the Common Law of England and of the Statute Law of England and Great-Britain, &c. as together did form the Law of said Colony, on the 19th of April 1775, shall be and continue the law of the State, subject to such alterations, &c. as the Legislature shall make, &c." Const. Art. 35.

The Com. Law of England, and much of the Statute Law, as have been heretofore practiced in this Colony, shall remain in force, until they shall be altered by a future law of the Legislature, such parts only excepted as are repugnant to the rights and privileges contained in this charter." Con. A. 22.
Pennsylvania. "The Penal Laws as heretofore used, shall be reformed by the Legislature of this State as soon as may be, and punishments made in some cases, less sanguinary and in general more proportionate to the crime."
Constit. Art. 38.
Delaware. "The Com. Law of England, as well as so much of the Statute Law, as have been heretofore adopted in practice in this State, shall remain in force, unless they shall be altered or repealed by a future Law of the Legislature, such parts only excepted as are repugnant to the rights and privileges contained in this Constitution, and the declaration of rights." Constit. Art. 25.
Maryland. "The inhabitants of Maryland are entitled to the Common Law of England, and the trial by jury, according to the course of that law, and to the benefit of such of the English Statutes as existed at the time of their first emigration, and which by experience have been found applicable to their local and other circumstances, and of such others as have been since made in England or Great Britain and have been introduced, used and practised by the courts of law or equity; subject nevertheless to the revision of, and amendment or repeal by, the Legislature of this State." Decl. of Rights, Art. 3.
Virginia. In the Constitution of Virginia made in 1776, I do not find any declaration respecting the Com. Law of England; but it seems a committee for the revision of the Laws of that State made a report in June 1779 that, that work had been performed by three of them, viz. Mr. Jefferson, the now Vice President of the United States, Mr. Pendleton, now President of the Court of Appeals, and Mr. Wythe, now Chancellor of the State. "The plan of the revision was this, (says Mr. Jefferson) the Common Law of England , by which is meant, that part of the English Law, which was anterior to the date of the oldest statutes extant, is made the basis of the work. It was thought dangerous to attempt to reduce it to a text. It was therefore left to be collected from the usual monuments of it, &c." See his Notes on Virginia , 146. Further, objections were made against the Constitution of the United States in the Convention of Virginia, because it had not by an express provision adopted the Com. Law.—It was answered that had it been adopted by the Constitution it would have been immutable, but being omitted it might now be changed.—See Evan's Address to the Virginians , p. 45, cites the Debates of the Convention , vol. 3. p. 38, 55.
Thus it is beyond all question that the citizens of America have anxiously secured to themselves, the full operation of the Common Law of England so far forth as it is applicable to our local condition, and not repugnant to their respective Constitutions.
Let every one now judge how unfounded are the novel disorganizing doctrines, "that the Common Law of England (under the restrictions stated as above) has no force and operation within the United States—that it is inconsistent with those republican principles contemplated, and avowed in our Constitution, and inapplicable to the genius and nature of our government."
If our Constitution were silent respecting the Common Law of England; yet might I challenge the soundest lawyer to shew how we could carry into effect that Constitution, or many of our acts made under it without a recurrence to that Common Law. We have, for example, a statute against treason, by which it is enacted that a citizen of this State, who shall levy war against it, shall be deemed guilty of that offence; but to find what facts may amount to that levying of war, we must resort to the law of England from which the expressions are borrowed. We have acts against murder and burglary; but those terms are technical, the acts in which they are used, do not define them, and we go to the Common Law decisions for their legal import. But it would be tedious to state all the examples which occur.
For the sake of many present who were not at the trial, I have made these observations upon a question that I never expected to hear litigated.
In regard to the other question upon the article of our Constitution which will not suffer the Press to be restrained, I believe that it is well understood by all who wish to understand it.—Our Press is subject to no licensors . It is not required here that any appointed officer shall put his imprimatur upon a composition before it be printed. A citizen may print what he pleases; but if it be afterwards found false or libelous he must take the consequence.
As to you, Mr. Adams, who are more particularly interested upon this occasion, I have to say that the Court have deferred their sentence, against you until this late hour of the term, in hopes you would have exposed the author of the libel which you published.
It is not the wish of the Court to let a printer suffer when an author can be found. But if a Printer will serve an author who has not magnanimity enough to come forward and save him in the day of trouble, he must blame himself for his ill placed confidence. As matters now are, you are the only person to whom the public can look for retribution. The Court has however considered every circumstance of alleviation which relates to you, not forgetting even your poor state of health. And in the Sentence which the Clerk is now to read, we have aimed at giving judgment in mercy.
Sentence was mentioned in the last Gazette.
Latest Foreign News.
Of Buonaparte and Egypt.
PARIS, JAN. 8.
TWO Tuscan tartans have arrived at Leghorn, from Alexandria, in Egypt. The dates of their last accounts are to Nov. 10th. The following is a copy of a letter from a Lieut. of the French Marine Artillery, dated at Fort du Farou , Alexandria, Nov. 8th, 1798—"WE have received intelligence, that the inhabitants of Cairo, and vicinity, instigated by English emissaries, have risen in arms against our troops 1— who were necessitated to fire on the insurgents, and to destroy near four thousand of them;—that the residue had returned to order, and had surrendered themselves to Buonaparte, in person. After the insurrection was allayed, a contribution of two millions was levied on the inhabitants."
This letter incontestibly proves the falsehood of the accounts of Buonaparte's death, and of his reputed ill successes, but it establishes the facts of the insurrection at Cairo—of the scenes of blood and carnage consequent thereon; and that the intrigues of the English are not confined to Europe.
We further learn from Egypt, that the Divan, assembled at Cairo, by Buonaparte, had not answered his expectation. The result of its deliberations, was, that all innovation was contrary to the Alcoran ; and that the Alcoran had foreseen every thing. At the breaking up of this Turkish Convention, the Polish General Sułkowski, one of the principal dis-decamp of Buonaparte, was assaulted by them, and although he vigorously defended himself, fell a sacrifice to their fury.—Gen. Dupuis, informed, that at the instigation of their jealous and ferocious priests, a number of armed Musselmans, threatened to assassinate the Institute , (a society of learned men, assembled at Cairo) was murdered in the act of affording them assistance. Gen. Buonaparte immediately assembled his forces, beat the generals , and ordered in a detachment of 6000 men, who had been stationed at a distance. A horrible carnage was made amongst the assassins. Fifteen hundred of them took refuge in a mosque. No quarter to assassins, was the word; and they all perished by the sword. It is added, Buonaparte has been obliged to shut himself up in his encampment."
The following has been received from Constantinople, dated 3d December, viz.—
"The Porte has just communicated to the Foreign Ministers the latest news it has received from Aboukir; in substance, as follows:—The French fort at Aboukir, which was furnished with a numerous artillery, was attacked by a number of Turkish gun boats, ordered against it, by Commodore Hood, who commands the blockade of Alexandria:—After a vigorous defence, the French were driven out. Commodore Hood immediately took possession of, and garrisoned the fort with some thousand troops, sent him by the Pacha of Rhodes. These troops, after having forced the French in the neighbourhood to retreat, have cut off all communication between Alexandria, Rosetta, and Cairo. By this means the situation of Buonaparte has been rendered more critical. It has been necessary for him to take a position nearer Alexandria, on account of the scarcity of provisions and ammunition, which he begins to experience, in consequence of the continued attacks of the Arabs."
The sum total of this intelligence is—1st.—That there has been a bloody insurrection at Cairo, against the French. 2d. That Buonaparte was not killed in the revolt:—but 3d. That he has been obliged to evacuate Cairo, and shut himself up in his fortified camp at some distance.
Invasion of Naples.
PARIS, JAN. 18.
Gen. Championet writes thus to the Directory:
"Head Quarters, Calvi, Jan. 14, 1799. "I waited with great impatience the result of my operations, to give you news of the army."
"In order to obtain it, we have had a great many obstacles to conquer; for continual rains, snows and torrents, as well as the insurrections of the peasants which harassed our flanks, intercepted the communication, prevented the passage of the bridges, and frequently caused me great uneasiness; but the valor of the troops and the energy of the Generals overcame every thing; and now I am able to inform you that in consequence of the taking of Pescara, the two provinces of Abruzzo, are in the power of the French Republic: That her troops are garrisoning the fortress of Gaeta and that the right wing of my army is encamped before Capua. I shall only mention here the places where the army passed, leaving to the care of the chief of the staff officers to relate all the actions more individually. The 1st division under the command of Gen. Macdonald, after very tiresome marches, passed the Garigliano in two different places, viz. at Cephano and Isola—the roads were almost impassable, and the entrenched posts that the enemy had before that river were formidable; they left in them 80 guns. Whilst the said division was doing this, I had detached Gen. Rey with two regiments of chassurs, the Polish legion and some light artillery against Terracina. He had orders to
take possession of the batteries placed in the defiles, from Fondi to Itri, which had 7 guns, and he did so; to make himself master of Gaeta, to cross the Garigliano and present himself before Capua. We did it all to my entire satisfaction. In the mean while Gen. Kellerman, whom the resistance of Viterbo, and the residue of the Sicilian column under the command of Gen. Damas, obliged to remain far from the army, finally informed me that after routing Gen. Damas, subduing Viterbo, and setting at liberty the French prisoners, that that rebellious city kept as hostages, he marched to join the army; he gave orders to his cavalry to go and join the first division at Cephano, and he himself with the light infantry and cavalry, joined at Fondi, the troops of Gen. Rey. The first division, after crossing the Garigliano, arrived in three marches only, before Capua, and summoned the place to surrender. Mr. Mack, the commander of it, answered, That being covered by the Volturno, and with a strong place, and an entrenched camp, he was determined to defend himself. At this answer Gen. Macdonald gave orders to attack. The grenadiers carried the redoubts. We lost some men, and the valiant Gen. Methier had one of his arms broken."
"General Rey complying with his instructions, and being reinforced with the troops of Kellerman, presented himself before Gaeta, which being defended by 4,000 men, 70 guns, and 22 mortars, all of them brass, with provisions and ammunition for one year, and in its harbour seven vessels of war, a bridge equipage, and a great many vessels loaded with grain, prepared itself for defence. Gen. Rey had a howitzer placed before the place, and was ordered to discharge it a few times, which soon put the garrison in disorder. The enemy's General proposed to capitulate; he was answered He must surrender, otherwise no quarters would be given, which he obeyed. The garrison remain prisoners of war, except the General and 63 officers, who have gone to their homes, having given their word, not to serve against the French Republic. We found in the place 100,000 pounds of gun-powder, 20,000 stands of arms, &c. &c. (Here follows the detail.) General Rey left a garrison at Gaeta, and having thrown a bridge over the Garigliano, and joined the first division before Capua, and now he forms part of the line of attack. The preparations of defence that Mack makes, leaves a hope for a pitched battle, and I shall begin it, as soon as the column of Gen. Lemoine, which is gone from Aquila, towards Su'mona, and a part of the division of Duhem shall have joined my troops. The left wing of the army, under the command of the general of this name, after the most skillful and difficult marches, has arrived before Pescara, which Gen. Monnier took possession of—3000 men, 44 guns, and several mortars, defended this place. The garrison marched out with the honors of war, leaving their arms on the glacis. In the city, and in the harbour, we found two millions of cartridges; 12,000 pounds of powder, and magazines most abundantly provided. Every intelligence confirms, that the King has left Naples, and that Sir Pignatelli has remained in that city as Viceroy. Gen. Mack sent me the day before yesterday, at St. German, proposals for an armistice."
Private news add that the adjutant Pignatelli proposed as conditions of the armistice, to deliver to the French the place of Capua, and to draw from thence a military line.—That hostilities being suspended, Pignatelli would go to Paris with proposals more advantageous; finally he offered in the name of his court to make a treaty of alliance offensive and defensive against England and to give to France all her navy.
[OFFICIAL.]
From the Gazette of Madrid, dated 29th January, PARIS, JAN. 5.
On the first day of this month the two Councils of the Legislative Body received a message from the Directory which stated;—"Eighty thousand Neapolitans had inundated the territory of the Roman Republic. No declaration of war having preceded this act, the French army could not preserve in Rome but the castle of St. Angel, and when our troops left that city, they said to the Romans, "we shall be back in 20 days;" but seventeen had not elapsed, when that city was free from enemies. Our soldiers fought and conquered successively, at Porto Ferro, Ferni, Civita Castellana, Monterosi, Oricola, Calvi, Bieti, Civitella, Cantalupo and Storta. In these actions and in a campaign of less than 20 days, we have taken 12,000 prisoners, 99 guns, 21 colours and standards, 3,000 horses and mules, the baggage and military chests of the fugitives. The enemy's army is flying in confusion; the King and General Mack going before them;—that of the French is marching towards Naples."
This message was read twice, amidst acclamations and plaudits, and finally it was ordered to be printed, with the speeches pronounced on that occasion by some of the members, and that six sets should be distributed to each Representative.
VIENNA, DEC. 29.
THE Emperor left this city the 26th inst. for Brunn, to review the body of auxiliary Russian troops under the orders of Gen. Rosenberg.
[MORE FRENCH SKILL.]
The French have occupied Piedmont, and have expelled the King of Sardinia from his estates. According to advices from Turin and Milan, the French Ambassador, Citizen Eymar presented at Turin, on the 2d December, a
Memorial in which he demanded of the King of Sardinia, the aid of 10,000 men promised by the treaty of alliance with France, and the putting of the arsenal of Turin in the power of the Republic. The Court of Turin not yielding to these demands, and representing that time was necessary to collect such a body of men, and the danger of insurrection if Piedmont was stripped of troops; and the Court having in the mean time, by the way of precaution, provided the arsenal with troops—the French remitted on the 3d, a second Memorial, requiring a definitive answer in 24 hours. In the interim, Gen. Brissis suddenly arrived at Turin from Paris, brought new orders to the Ambassador, and by another order deprived Gen. Mnard of the command of the French garrison, at the citadel of Turin, with an injunction to quit Turin in three hours.
Gen. Brissis took the command; after many conferences with Priocca, the King's minister, the result was, that the King MUST renounce the government of Piedmont, and quit Turin for Sardinia.
On the 5th Dec. Gen. Joubert in a violent proclamation against the Court of Turin, announced the entrance of the French army in Piedmont. The 6th he addressed another proclamation to the Piedmontese army, and invited it to unite with the French; at the same time the French troops entered Piedmont on every side, seized the strong places, and disarmed the Piedmontese garrisons. It was only at Alexandria and Turin, that any opposition was to be expected:—but none took place; and wherever the French entered they planted the tree of Liberty , and proclaimed the Piedmontese Republic . General Joubert left Milan the 7th December for Alexandria, and from thence to Turin.—All the foreign Ministers had quitted this city before.
KASTADT, JAN. 18.
The deputation of the Empire deliberated on the 14th inst. upon the contents of the last note of the French Ministers, respecting the march of the Russian troops. The Envoy of Saxony, Austria, Hanover, and Wurtzburg, voted that said note should be sent to the Diet of Ratisbon; giving at the same time notice of the whole to the Emperor. The Envoy of Baden voted in the same manner, but he proposed that it should be declared at the same time to French Plenipotentiaries, that the deputation observed with great pleasure the assurance of their government to abide by their pacific principles with respect to the Germanic Empire; that the Deputation would also, on their part, do their utmost to preserve them;—therefore they hoped the negotiations of peace would by no means be interrupted. Though the votes of Mentz, Darmstadt, and others, supported that of Baden, the majority was in favour of Saxony, Austria, &c. and the following answer to the French Ministers was voted, viz. "The Note of the French Plenipotentiaries relative to the march of a body of Russian troops in the territory of the Germanic Empire, has been received; the Deputation has requested, that the said note should be immediately communicated to his Imperial Majesty, as also the Diet at Ratisbon:—All which was done without delay." We are assured, the French Ministers, dissatisfied with the answer, intend this day, or tomorrow, to communicate another note enforcing the first, with new arguments and insinuations: For it appears they wished, and expected, in answer to their note, that the Deputation would have said the Empire was not, at present, in a situation to oppose the entrance of the Russians into its territory. However, it is certain, the French government seems resolved to pursue vigorous measures to prevent the Russians from passing through the Imperial territory.
FRANKFORT, JAN. 5.
We learn from Vienna, that six regiments of cavalry, and 13 battalions of Russian infantry, will replace in Bavaria, an equal number of Austrians, who are to pass to Italy, through the Tirol. Five battalions have been sent from the army of Loch to take up their quarters on the left side of the Danube near Ratisbon.
PARIS, JAN. 18.
The Directory has sent to the Council of Five Hundred, a message against the vexations and piracies committed by the privateers upon neutral vessels, and requests, that the laws relative to maritime prizes should be revised, those in force, are obscure, insufficient, unjust in their operation, and even prejudicial to the interests of the national merchants.
The Minister of Marine has recommended to the merchants in the Republic to re-establish the mercantile connections with Hispaniola.
Domestic Articles.
The Insurrection.
PHILADELPHIA, MARCH 23.
A number of persons concerned in preventing the execution of the laws, in Northampton county, have arrived in this city, for the purpose of submitting themselves to government; but we do not understand that any of those who have rescued the prisoners from the Marshal, are amongst them.
Several detachments of regular troops are on the march for Northampton—Some of them have arrived at Newtown in Bucks county, on their way thither.

In that part of Northampton (now the Wexford of America) which is infected by the mania of insurrection, there is not a single WEALTHY farmer opposed to the house tax. The miscreants composing the opposition possess little or no property. It is therefore absurd to say, that the house tax has been the cause of the discontent, which now manifests itself by open violence. No—it is merely the pretext. The cause may be found in congressional speeches, in jacobin resolves, and in the inflammatory and seditious movements of the French party in the United States.
MARCH 24. The numberless reports from Northampton, now prevalent in this city, are so various and opposite, that no faith can be attached to any of them. This much we believe to be true, that, on Wednesday last, a meeting of the deputies from the different townships of Northampton county, was to have been held at Quakertown, to deliberate whether it were most expedient to submit to or oppose government. The person who gives this information left that neighbourhood on Wednesday morning last, of course could not give any intelligence as to the result of their deliberations.
NEW YORK, MARCH 26. Capt. Hudson from the Havannah, informs, that about the 6th of March, the General Greene Cutter, Capt. Price, of Philadelphia, has captured a French PIRATE Schooner, one 12 pounder, and 25 men, out of Havannah. She is a remarkable fast sailer; and was with the fleet of 25 sail, under convoy of the sloop of war Delaware, the John Jay and General Greene Cutters, with which Capt. H. failed. Part of the prisoners were put on board the ship Resolution, for this port. The privateer had been manned, and was to remain with the Delaware and two cutters during the cruise.
BOSTON, APRIL 3. LOOK OUT. A merchant vessel, arrived at Beverly this week, was met with on the Banks, a few days since, by a French privateer; but being in a leaky condition, and having no portable goods on board was suffered to proceed.
Portland, MONDAY, APRIL 8, 1799.
ANNUAL TOWN-MEETING. On Monday last the inhabitants of this town held their annual meeting, when the following town officers were chosen for the ensuing year: Town Clerk—Stephen Patten. Selectmen—Samuel Freeman, Woodbury Storer, Matthew Cobb, Daniel Tucker, and Robert Boyd. Overseers of the Poor—Lemuel Bryant, Isaac Gage, and Joseph C. Boyd. Town Treasurer—Enoch Ilsey. Assessors—Peter Warren, Edward Oxnard, and Joseph C. Boyd. Constables—Ezra Gibbs, William Caldwell, and Caleb Grafton. Collector of Taxes—George Warren. Surveyors of Highways—Daniel Mufsey and Henry Wheeler. Surveyors of Boards—Stephen Waite, Daniel Mufsey, Samuel Moody, William Waterhouse, Moses Noyes, Daniel Cobb, Jeremiah Kimball, Ansel Lewis, Enoch Lowell and Henry Wheeler. Surveyors of Shingles—William Waterhouse, Jonathan Morse, Smith Cobb and Daniel Cobb. Censors of Stoves, &c.—Thomas Minot, Anthony Fernald, Anthony Knight, Jacob Knight, Nathaniel Bracket, William Waterhouse, Daniel Sherman, George Motley, Thomas Merrill, Abraham Tyler, John Ramsay and Jacob Ham. Fence Viewers—Peletiah Fernald, Thomas Berry and Joseph Gould. Tythingmen—James Flood, George Burns and Thomas Skelton. Fire Wards—Thomas Motley, Ebenezer Mayo, Hugh McLellan, Daniel Tucker, Nathaniel F. Folsom, Matthew Cobb, Woodbury Storer and Robert Boyd. Clerks of the Marine—Salmon Chase, Daniel Davis, William Symmes, John Frothingham and George E. Vaughan. Saler of Leather—Peter Warren, John Phillips, Henry Wheeler and Asa Plummer. Alfay Masters—Moses Lunt, Zachariah Nowell and Joseph Lovis. Callers of Fife—Thomas Burnham, Thomas Merrill, Benjamin Knight, Anthony Fernald, Thomas Minot and Jacob Knight. Overseers of the Work House—The Overseers of the Poor. Hay Rovers—James Flood, Daniel Green, Joseph Challice, Joseph Wilson, Ezekiel Sawyer, Robert Mitchell, Noah Beman and John Knight. Pound Keeper—Joseph Wilson. Field Drivers—James Flood, Joseph Challice, Daniel Green and James Jordan. Inspector of Police—Jonathan Deane. Inspector of Imported Lime—John Lovit. Inspector of Manufactured Lime—William Barbour. Health Committee—The Inspector of Police, Thomas Motley, William Symmes, Ebenezer Mayo and Salmon Chase.
School Committee—John Frothingham, Salmon Chase, John Thrasher, William Symmes, John Abbot, David Hale, Jacob Noyes, Isaac Illey and Stephen Patten. Committee of Accounts—Edward Oxnard, Lemuel Weeks and Ebenezer Mayo. Capt. Joseph McLellan had the votes for County Treasurer.
Choice of Governor, &c. Although one or two solitary jacobins had the effrontery to declare their determination to support the jacobin candidate, Heath, yet the good sense and discernment of the people were sufficiently awake to baffle the attempt, by giving their suffrages for Governor SUMNER. The following is a statement of the votes in this town: For Governor. Increase Sumner, 163—Heath 4. Lt. Governor. Moses Gill, 154—scattering, 3. Senators. Stephen Longfellow, 149—Daniel Davis, 147—scattering, 2. FALMOUTH. Governor. Sumner, 66—Heath, 6. Lt. Gov. Gill, 72. Senators. Longfellow 66—Davis 60—scattering, 38. GORHAM. Governor. Sumner, 80—scattering, 1. Lt. Gov. Gill, 81. Senators. Longfellow, 85—Davis, 80. NORTH-YARMOUTH. Governor. Sumner, 148—scattering, 4—Lt. Gov. Gill, 139. Senators. Longfellow, 136—Davis, 132—scattering, 7. LIVERMORE. Governor. Sumner, 73 and all. Lt. Gov. Phillips, 63. Senators. Longfellow, 58—Davis 63. In Buxton, the sons of sedition succeeded in obtaining a majority of about 20 for Heath.
There seems to be no room to doubt the election of Messrs. Longfellow and Davis, as Senators for this county. By the return of votes in the last Boston papers, it appears that Governor Sumner will have above three quarters of all the votes for Governor. And Mr. Gill nearly a unanimous vote for Lt. Governor.
FROM CADIZ. Capt. SMITH, who arrived yesterday from Cadiz, brings a confirmation that the Dey of Algiers has declared war against France. Lord St. Vincents was not off Cadiz when Captain Smith failed. An English brig was cruising off there.
It was generally believed at Cadiz, that Buonaparte was dead.—The Spaniards appeared quite tired of their French alliance. PORTLAND BANK. —The sum of 100,000 dollars, was subscribed last week, for the establishment of a Bank in this town.
Some surprize has been excited by the departure of a Major Stark, from this place for the West Indies. He concealed his intentions until the vessel was getting under way—under the idea of making arrangements for the voyage of a connection of his. When leaving the wharf, it is said, that he significantly declared his determination to see Gen. Toussaint, before he returned to the United States. He had the reputation of a Jacobin. It is supposed he carried a considerable sum of money with him.
Mr. Pitt has brought forward a plan of a tax upon Income; by means of which no further addition (after the present year) is to be made to the national debt, whilst that debt will be constantly diminished by the operation of the sinking fund.
Since the late dreadful conflagration at Norfolk, several attempts have been made to renew a similar disaster.
Col. John Winlow, is elected Brigadier General of the First Legionary Brigade of Massachusetts Militia.
Marine Articles. Port of Portland.
Monday arrived brig Lion, Captain Alden, from Antigua.—Markets dull.
Tuesday arrived schooner Martin, Captain Roach, in 20 days from the Havanna.—Capt. R. failed under convoy of the Delaware sloop of war, Capt. Decatur. Captain Decatur had captured a French letter of marque schooner, from Havanna for Cape Francois, having on board a considerable sum in specie. He sent home by Capt. Roach, one of the crew from the letter of marque.
Yesterday arrived the armed schooner Hunter, Captain David Smith, jun. 46 days from Cadiz.—Sailed in company with the armed ships Orono, Paine, of Edenton, and Providence, Cruff, ditto; brigantine New York Packet, Errice; brig Jemima and Fanny, Smith; brigantine Eliza and Mary, New York; schr. Success, Grace, Marblehead; schooner Freeport, Wells, Boston; schr. Dolphin, Woodbury, Beverly.
COURT OF HYMEN. "Flow ye soft lays! in artless numbers prove, The pleasing joys that spring from mutual love: Diffuse the copious gifts of Hymen round, To each soft breast transporting gleams impart, Let ev'ry face with cheerful smiles be crown'd, And raptures ceaseless elevate each heart."
MARRIED —At Gorham, on Sunday evening 31st ult. by the Rev. Mr. Jewett, Mr. WILLIAM SHAW, merchant, of Falmouth, to Miss Eunice GORHAM, daughter of Capt. Prince Gorham of Barnstable. At North Yarmouth, Mr. SETH SWEETSER, jun. to Miss Rebecca Wood, both of that place.
MORTALITY. "But since to die is nature's debt, Decreed by Heav'n's all pow'riul King, The wife, the good, the poor, the great, Alike must feel the fatal sting."
DIED —At Buxton, on the 22d ult. Mrs. RUTH LANE, wife of Mr. Jabez Lane of that town, in the 27th year of her age.—To her, nature had been liberal. She was an agreeable comfort and a sincere friend—much esteemed by, and an ornament to, the society in which she lived. The purity of her morals must meet the approbation of him who is pure. At Kittery, Mr. JAMES HANSEUM, of the hydrophobia—He was slightly bitten about a month since, by a mad dog; the bite had healed, and he was apparently well, till a day or two before his death. In this town, on Tuesday last, Miss HANNAH HOBBY, aged 7 years, second daughter of John Hobby, Esq.
TO BE SOLD At Public Auction, At the dwelling house of Mr. JOHN MILLIKIN, Inholder in North Yarmouth, On Tuesday, 21st day of May next, at two o'clock in the afternoon, (if not sold before at private sale) One half of Lot No. four in the 120 acre Division west side Royall's River in said town—Conditions to be made known at the time and place of sale. Also, to be let or sold, a Farm on Cozen's Island, containing between ninety and one hundred acres. Also, Two hundred acres of Wood Land, in the town of Freeport, to be sold at Private Sale. For particulars, inquire of Colonel JONATHAN MITCHELL, of said North Yarmouth: April 6, 1799.
TO BE SOLD, A valuable FARM in Bridgton, situated on the banks of Long-Pond, containing nearly three hundred acres—between 40 and 50 acres of which are into good grass, and divided into four fields well fenced, with a framed House and Barn 50 by 40 feet thereon. Also—6 lots of undivided Land in Bridgton, viz No. 9 and 10 in the 13th Range—No 6, in the 3d range—and No. 6, in the ninth range in the first division. Also—The lots No. 6, in the fourth range—and No. 17, in the 2d range in the second division. The whole or part will be sold on advantageous terms.—Apply to JAMES D. HOPKINS. Portland, April 3, 1799.
THE HORSE CALLED The SWIFT, WILL stand on the days and at the places as follows—viz—May 6th, at Jenki's in New Gloucester—7th, 8th, 9th and 10th, at Swift's, Poland—11th at Jenki's—13th, 14th, 15th, at Stockbridge's, Freeport.—The remainder of the week at our stable.—20th, 21st, 22d, at Saccarappa. The remainder of the week at our stable.—27th at Jenki's.—28th, 29th, 30th, at Swift's—31st at Jenki's.—June 3d, 4th, 5th, at Stockbridge's. The remainder of the week at our stable.—10th, 11th, 12th, at Saccarappa. Remainder of the week at our stable.—17th at Jenki's.—18th, 19th, 20th, 21st, at Swift's.—22d at Jenki's.—25th, 26th, 27th, at Stockbridge's, Freeport.—Afterwards at our stable. The terms are, 2 dollars a leap, 4 dollars the season, and 6 dollars to insure a foal—Said horse is a bay color—firm and solid—seven-eighths English, and sure foal. Any persons who may wish to comply with these terms shall be well used by us. THOMAS CHASE, JOHN THOMPSON. North Yarmouth, April 6, 1799.
Portland Academy. A stated meeting of the Trustees of Portland Academy is to be held at the subscriber's Dwelling House in Portland on Wednesday the tenth day of April next, at ten o'clock in the forenoon. SAMUEL FREEMAN, Sec'y. March 28.
Francis Morris, Professor of the French & English Grammars; Dancing, and Music for the Violin & Portepiano: RESPECTFULLY informs the Ladies and Gentlemen of Portland, and its vicinity, that he proposes to open his Academy for teaching those useful accomplishments, as soon as sufficient encouragement shall be offered. CONDITIONS. The French and English Grammars to be attended to two days in a week, Monday and Wednesday mornings and afternoons, at 6 dollars each scholar, per quarter. Music for the Portepiano, thoro' bass, every Tuesday and Friday morning and afternoon—Ladies who have no Spinnet or Portepiano may be taught at Mr. Morris's boarding house. Dancing, every Thursday and Saturday in the afternoon, from two o'clock to four, at 4 dollars and 50 cents per quarter for those who have before been to school, and 6 for those who have not. N. B. The scholars will furnish themselves with room, wood and candles. The subscribers will expect to pay for the quarter whether they attend or not. One half of each branch to be paid for on entrance, and the remainder at the end of the quarter. Subscription papers lodged at Mr. JENKINS'S BOOK-STORE. April 8th, 1799.
Cedar Posts. Four hundred Cedar Posts for sale.—Inquire of the Printer. April 6th, '99. Take Notice. ALL persons who have any demands upon the Estate of JOSEPH GRAY, late of North Yarmouth, mariner, deceased, are hereby notified to exhibit their claims; and those who are indebted to make immediate payment to CONTENT GRAY, Administratrix, or to AMMI R. MITCHELL, her Attorney. North Yarmouth, April 2d, 1799.
Fresh Warranted Garden Seeds. WILLIAM HUDSON, At his GROCERY STORE at the head of Mr. Ingraham's Wharf, Has for Sale an assortment of GARDEN SEEDS, of the latest importation.—Among which are RED Beet, Orange Carrot, Red Onion, White do. Yellow Spanish do. Early low Dutch Cabbage, Green Savoy ditto. Large Winter ditto: Red Dutch ditto. Winter Squash, Summer Bush Squash, English Turnip, Curled Endive, Celery, Summer Savory, Sweet Marjoram, Early Cucumber, Early head Lettuce, Curled Parsley, English Mustard, Salmon Radish, Parsnip, Pepper grass, Water Melon, Musk Melon, Dwarf Marrowfat Peas, Early Charlton ditto. A general assortment of West-India Goods & Groceries as usual. April 1st, 1799.
Isabella Child, Has removed from her shop in Fifth Street, to a part of the store under Mr. JENKINS'S Printing-Office, Middle Street, Where she has for sale, a general assortment of Fancy Goods & Millinery Articles. All kinds of MILLENNERY done in the latest fashions. April 1st, 1799.
TO BE SOLD, Half a township of Land, Of six miles square, of the unappropriated Lands in the District of Maine, excepting the lands within six miles of Penobscot River; to be laid out under the direction of the Committee for the sale of Eastern Lands—Being the half township lately granted to the Trustees of Portland Academy. N. B. The Purchasers may doubtless have their choice of the best of the unappropriated Lands in said District, except as aforesaid.—Inquire of SAMUEL FREEMAN, DANIEL DAVIS, ELIJAH KELLOG. Portland, March 29, 1799.
LOST, A pair of Concave Spectacles. —If any person has found the same, and will bring them to the Gazette-Office, he shall be rewarded for his trouble April 1st, 1799.
Rev. Mr. Williams' Estate. NOTICE is hereby given, that the subscriber has been duly appointed Administratrix to the Estate of the Reverend EBENEZER WILLIAMS, late of Falmouth, in the county of Cumberland, deceased, and given bonds as the law directs—All persons, therefore, who are indebted to, or having any demands against said Estate, are desired to exhibit their accounts for immediate settlement. MARY WILLIAMS, Administratrix. Falmouth, March 19, 1799.
A number of Cows and young Cattle—Also, Farming Utensils; among which a good Winnowing-Mill, to be sold for Cash or merchantable Boards.—Inquire of the printer hereof. March 18th.

Poetry.
Versification of the Sorrows of LATHMAR.
[A fragment of Ancient Poetry.]
THE blast on the plain had decreas'd, And darkness encompass'd the gl'be, The lark had retir'd to her nest, And the swan to his humble abode.
When on Strumen's beautiful shore, Sat LATHMAR, in sorrow reclind; His countenance, (blooming before) Declared the pains of his mind.
As under the willow he sat, His sorrowful tale thus he told, In accents, both plaintive and sweet, While Strumen in silence did roll.
"NERINA, my love, thou wert fair! More sweet than the roses in bloom! The tresses of thy yellow hair Resembled the sun-beams at noon!"
"Thy heart was all mildness and love, Thy looks were all placid and kind, Now soothing thy tenderness prov'd When on thy fair breast I reclind."
"The morning was charming and still— NERINA in transport exclaim'd. Let us rouse up the deer of the hills, And enjoy the sweet chase of the plain!"
"Thro' forests we bended our way, We flew with the swiftness of wind; We soon came in sight of our prey, Attending his favorite hind."
NERINA her arrow discharg'd, Which wounded the son of the wood; From the thicket the monster immerg'd, And rush'd tow'rs the place where she stood."
"With trembling I sound my bow, The arrow glanc'd by from his horn; That arrow my charmer laid low, And left me to sorrow and mourn."
"O LATHMAR! renown'd is my end, (She cry'd with transport so sweet;) What honor to die by thy hand! What joy to expire at thy feet!"
"O youth of my soul! we must part; But soon shall our joys be renew'd, Where love shall illumine the fond heart, Where sorrow no more shall intrude."
"The birds shall remember our loves, Our story their sons shall declare, The nym, as they ramble the groves Shall o'er our tomb drop a tear."
"She fell, like the flow'r of the vale, Before the cold blast of the north; Her eyes soon grew livid and pale, On my bosom her spirit fled forth."
"The valley shall witness my moan, There sleep my NERINA's cold clay, There will I retire all alone, And utter my sorrowful lay."
* It was held by the ancient High and Low to be highly conducive of their future happiness to die by the hand of some person worthy or revered.
On some SNOW, melting on a LADY'S BOSOM.
THE envious snow comes down, in haste, To prove thy breast less fair; But grieves to see itself surpass'd, And melts into a tear.
W. T. OF CURIOSITY.
THREE years in London BOSABIT had been, Yet not the Lions nor the Tombs had seen; I cannot tell the cause, with but a smile— The rogue had been in Newgate all the while!
EPIGRAM.
VAGUS, advanc'd on high, proclaims his skill By cke' of wondrous force the worms to kill: A fearful ear the wiser sort impart, And laugh at Vagus's pretended art. But well can Vagus what he boasts perform, For man (as Job has told us) is a worm.
Miscellany.
MASTERLY SKETCH of the CHARACTER of Catharine de Medici.
[From Tenboor's Memoirs.]
DURING the thirty years she governed France, like the treacherous female of Archilochus, who held a pitcher of water in one hand and a fire brand in the other, she created public dissensions, and appeased them as often as she pleased. Her remedies, however, were sometimes only pernicious palliatives, which in the end increased the fever, and aggravated the inflammation. Her ambition was of the most flagitious species—peaceable authority was beneath her notice—she had tranquility in horror—storms and tempests were the first pleasures of her life—and if Providence had given her a world to govern, she would soon have reduced it to a chaos.
There is not probably a contrast more striking than the picture traced by a Florentine poet of the happiness of the French monarchy under Francis the 1st, and its deplorable state, if not its total subversion, under Catharine's administration.
Notwithstanding Catharine's infernal resolution, attentive eyes have not failed to perceive
sometimes a tremulous vibration in her conduct—It was not uniform.—At some moments she boldly crowded all her sails, and stretched out to a vast distance on the ocean—at others she steered for land with equal and astonishing rapidity.—Her steps, like those of the tigreis, bathed in blood, were quick and sudden, and she moved with starts and bounds.—Blood she often spilt from passion and revenge, but oftener from the severity of her atrocious system, in which she considered cruelty to be necessary.—Undoubtedly she saw the blood stream from the executioner with unconcern and insensibility, but to suppose she found an amusement in it is to substitute a figure of rhetoric for truth.—A character of this horrid kind is not indeed ideal, yet, for the honour of humanity it has been very rare, and only one execrable assassin has existed, the diabolical Rastat, who asked his judges with a malignant grim, "if they were not ignorant of the pleasure of seeing the convulsed eye of a dying person."
As Catharine's barbarity was founded on principle, and her perverted understanding approved of the ferocity of her heart, she did not forget to transmit, as far as she was able, the same impression to her children.—Nothing, perhaps, discovers more clearly the blackness of her soul than the education which she gave them.—Battles of animals of various kinds, in which they tore each other to pieces, were their favourite recreations, and she attended in person with them at the private torture and public execution of criminals.—What the bloody amusement of her savage theatre had given them a taste for, the spectacles at the Greve completely finished.—These abominable feeds fructified particularly with Charles the IXth. The lessons and examples that had been given him entirely depraved the energetic but equivocal disposition he had received from nature, and his education rendered him nearly as cruel and ferocious as his mother.—Papire Masson relates that one of his greatest pleasures was to knock down pigs and asses, and that one of his courtiers, surprising him engaged sword in hand with his own mule, very gravely asked him "what had happened between his most Christian majesty and his mule?"
A POPISH MIRACLE.
IN Naples there happened in a great siege it endured, that the governor made an order that every man should be put to death, being above such an age, that did not wear a sword. Not long after, as he was riding through the streets, to see how well this order was put in execution, he espied a gentleman without one, and commanded him to be brought before him: the order was read, and he condemned to die the death appointed, which was to be hung at the next sign post. The gentleman, after he had pleaded several things in his own defence which availed nothing, desire, the favor that he might not die so ignominiously, but that the next gentleman that passed might run him through with his sword. The request being reasonable, was granted, and the execution delayed upon these terms. It happened that a young gallant was coming from a gaming house, who having lost all, even so much as the blade of his sword, which was good merchandise at that time, did not dare, in regard to the severe order, to go home, until a wooden one was fitted to the handle. This gentleman was stopped, and the dying man's case laid open; but this ingenious person knowing his own insufficiency, 'what,' said he, 'must I be a common executioner; must I stain my hands in blood without passion, and be a reproach to all men? But this argument would not do, kill him he must; then putting off his cloak, he began a prayer to this effect: "Thou who seest all our transgressions here below, judge thou, I pray thee, and vindicate the cause of those who suffer wrong: in an especial manner, grant if this man here ought not to die, this sword may be turned into wood." Then drawing it forth, it appeared to be Wood! and the dying gentleman was immediately released with abundance of joy. The wooden sword was carried with great solemnity to the Cathedral Church, as a proper link in the chain of Popish Miracles.
Advertisement from an English paper.
TO THE FRENCH DIRECTORY.
"CITIZEN DIRECTORS!—Through the medium of the newspapers I have been informed that you offered a reward for the taking of Sir Sidney Smith. I beg leave to acquaint you, Citizen Directors, that I have taken him several times, but he has been rescued as often by a great number of his friends, whom I could not resist. I now pledge myself to take him again, and to guard him till your army of England come here. You will please to give orders to your generals to call on me, and I will deliver him into their hands, provided the reward is paid in ready money.—I am proud in having the honor to subscribe myself, &c. &c. Profile Painter to their Majesties, &c."
Aphorisms.
WHO can listen without constraint whilst an important thing is telling, can keep a secret when told.
The most stormy ebullitions of passion, from blasphemy to murder, are less terrific than one single act of cool villainy: A still rabies is more dangerous than the paroxisms of a fever.—Fear the boisterous savage of passion less than the sedately grinning villain.
To the Honorable the Senate, and House of Representatives of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
WE the subscribers, inhabitants of Cumberland, beg leave to approach the Legislature with this their humble petition. Not to trouble your honors with reciting the particular articles of our religious creed, we cannot however forbear saying so much as will excuse us from being justly charged with duplicity in the great and important matters of our religion.—We profess to believe in Jesus Christ the only name under heaven given among men whereby we must be saved, whom the heaven must receive until the times of restitution of all things, which God has spoken by the mouth of all his holy prophets since the world began. And we wish to adorn the doctrine of God our Saviour in all things. We therefore humbly request your honors to incorporate us with all those that may hereafter unite with us into a society for religious purposes, by the name of the Universal Christian Society of Portland and Falmouth.
William Brackett, Vincent Robards, John Grant, Ebenezer Waite, Peter Knight, Amasa Waite, Paul Huston, James Gardner, Robert Huston, Aaron Chamberlain, Paul Huston, jun. Joshua Waite, Simon Lord, John Motley, Jacob Knight, Elihu Deering, Amos Knight, 3d. William McLellan, David Steele, Enoch Barbour, Floyd K. Patrick, Adam Barbour, Joseph Wormell, William Buxton, jun. James Burton, John Dole, William Wormell, Nathaniel Hale, Joseph York, Edmund Knight, Increase Pote, Amos Knight, Samuel Bucknam, jun. Richard Knight, Thomas Sawye, Mark Huston, Anthony Sawyer, jun. Winlow Knight, George Ilsey, Eno H. Knight, Anthony Sawyer, Job Knight, William Sawyer, Moses Knight, Asa Sawyer, William Lunt, John Higgens, Stephen Gowell, John Anderson, John Waite, jun.
Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
In SENATE. Feb. 20, 1799. ON the petition of William Brackett, and others, inhabitants of the towns of Portland and Falmouth, in the county of Cumberland, praying to be incorporated into a separate religious society, by the name of the "Universal Christian Society."
ORDERED, that the Petitioners notify the said towns of Portland and Falmouth, by publishing an attested copy of their Petition, and this order thereon, three weeks successively in JENKS'S GAZETTE, printed in Portland, the last publication to be thirty days at least, before the second Wednesday of the first Session of the next General Court, that all persons interested may then appear and show cause, if any they have, why the prayer of said Petition should not be granted.
Sent down for concurrence. SAMUEL PHILLIPS, President. In the House of Representatives, February 20, 1799. Read and concurred. EDWARD H. ROBBINS, Speaker. True copy—Attest EDWARD M'LANE, Clerk of Senate.
Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
In the year of our Lord, one thousand seven hundred and ninety nine.
An ACT, limiting the time within which Petitions for Wages which have been drawn by forged Orders, shall be sustained.
BE it enacted by the Senate, and House of Representatives, in General Court assembled, and by the authority of the same. That no petition for Wages which have heretofore been drawn by Forged Orders, shall be hereafter sustained unless such Petition shall be presented within TWO YEARS from the passing of this act: and on failure thereof, the Petitioner, Applicant and Claimant shall be forever excluded and barred from any claim or demand against this Commonwealth for or on account of any Wages so drawn, or alleged to be drawn, by virtue of any such Forged Order. And the Secretary is hereby directed to cause this Act to be published in the several News-papers printed in this Commonwealth for three months successively.
In the House of Representatives, Jan. 29, 1799. This Bill having had three several readings passed to be enacted. EDWARD H. ROBBINS, Speaker. In Senate, Jan. 28, 1799. This Bill having had two several readings passed to be enacted. SAMUEL PHILLIPS, President. January 29, 1799—Approved, INCREASE SUMNER. True Copy—Attest, JOHN AVERY, Sec'y.
To be published three months successively, in the several News-papers printed in this Commonwealth. JOHN AVERY, Sec'y.
For Sale, By Newhall & Watson, At No. 3, Long-Wharf,
RUSSIA and India Sugar, Ravens Duck, India Cottons, Brandy. Do. Sheeting, WINES—Sherry, Lisbon and Malaga. Iron, Cordage, TEAS—Bohea & Souchong, NAILS—Sheathing and Coffee, Chocolate, Drawing, 20d. 10d. 8d. Pepper, 6d. & 4d. N. E. Rum, Nail Rods, Flour, Do. Plates, Cod Lines, Iron Hoops, Log Lines, Do. Shovels, Twine, Sheathing Paper.
Portland, March 18. 1799.
Golden Britain.
WILL stand this season, the elegant horse called the GOLDEN BRITAIN, upwards of fifteen hands high, sired by the most noted horse called the Geer Horse. Said horse has been kept in the States of New Hampshire and Vermont, and has been as much celebrated as any horse in those States. He will stand at the stable of NATMANIEL JENKS, in New Gloucester, and at Poland in the most central part, to accommodate those who wish to improve their breed of Horses. Said horse will be in the adjacent towns provided sufficient encouragement shall be given.
Terms, 1 dollar & 50 cents a leap—3 dollars the season—and 5 dollars to warrant a foal.
General Prices Current, PER QUANTITY.—BOSTON, MARCH 30.
Table with 4 columns: Item, Unit, Price, Remarks. Items include ASHES, Pearl, Bread, ship, Butter, shipping, Beef, ship stores, Beans, white, Brandy, French, Bees Wax, Cocoa, Coffee, green, Cotton, Foreign, Chocolate, common, Candles, Cheese, English, Cod Lines, Fish, Table, Merchant, Scale, Atwives, Salmon, Herrings, Mackerell, bay, N. Scotia, Furs, Beaver, pelt, Bear, skin, Fox, cross, red, Minks, Musquash, Otter, Fibers, Sables, FLOUR, Alexandria, Fine, X Brand, Middling, Feathers, Flaxseed, Glass, Boston, Grain, Barley, Corn, South, North, Rye, Oats, Hops, Hoops, Hogs, Lard, Iron, Pig, Philadelphia, bar, Russia, do, Sweden, do, Leather, seal, dried, Lumber, Boards, clear, Shingles, Molasses, Nail Rods, Nails, 6d. euro, 8d. euro, 10d. euro, Sheathing, Drawing, Pepper, Pork, One & half hog, One Hog, Middle pieces, Pitch, Rum, Jamaica, New England, Rasin, Soap, American white, Sugar, Havana, brown, West India, Salt, St. Ubes, Liverpool, Steel, German, Blistered, Tea, Bohea, Souchong, Tobacco, Wines, Madeira, Lisbon, Sherry, Teneriffe, Claret, Malaga, Red Port.
ALMANACK.
Table with 5 columns: Day, S. R., M. R., H. N., REMARKS. Days include Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday. Remarks include Peace ratified by Eng. 1784.
THIS GAZETTE,
Is published every MONDAY, at E. A. JENKS'S OFFICE, Middle-Street, near the head of Fifth-Street, PORTLAND—where Subscriptions, Advertisements, and Communications, are received with attention. The price is ONE DOLLAR & FIFTY CENTS a year, exclusive of Postage. Punctual payments are required. The extensive and rapidly increasing circulation of THE GAZETTE, renders it highly advantageous for ADVERTISEMENTS, which will be inserted reasonably, and in a conspicuous manner.
PRINTING,
In its various branches executed in the neatest manner, and at the shortest notice. Orders for Books, Pamphlets, Blank, Hand-Bills, Cards, Tickets, &c. duly attended to.