The national intelligencer and Washington advertiser. (Washington City [D.C.]), 1809-11-03 00:00:00

National Intelligencer.
WASHINGTON ADVERTISER.
VOL. X
WASHINGTON CITY, PRINTED BY SAMUEL HARRISON SMITH, PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE.
NO. 1415.
FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM,
FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 3, 1809.
PAID IN ADVANCE.
FOR THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER.
THE NEW WORLD.
No. XII
An enquiry into the National Character of the People of the United States of America.
The rights of property which are in their nature founded in pure morality and sound policy, are objects of intelligent regard and decided attachment in the U. S. This is a real characteristic of the Americans.
Our federal and state constitutions forbid ex post facto laws, and statutes impairing the obligations of contracts, as derogatory from the rights of property. They forbid the states to make any paper bills a legal tender in payment of debts, or to authorize their courts to lessen the security of property provided by treaties. In most of the states a judgment of a court enables the creditor to proceed to sell real property, which is not the case by the law of England. No bank notes are made a tender to pay debts due to private persons in the United States. A mortgage here works an actual hypothecation or pledge of real property, and in most of the states a sale may be made in one year. The great and small coins of United America are of genuine gold, silver, and copper. There are none of mixed or base metals.
Literary composition is conceived to be on a very sound and useful foundation in the United States. The written productions of the Americans have flowed almost entirely from real occasions. The political disquisitions between England and this country upon the subject of the claims of the former and the rights of the latter in the interesting period, which intervened between the peace of 1763 and that of 1783, were learned in constitutional law, and sound, on the American side, especially the manifestos of Congress. The principles of the English statutes, and particularly of the declaratory acts relating to the United States and to Ireland, were opposed with profound abilities by Mr. Dickenson's letters, and others, & with success, for the Irish act, which was like the American, was repealed by the English Parliament. That of America was not decided by the pen. The correspondence of the American officers during the revolution was not inferior to that of the British. The pen of Secretary Thomson is known by every diplomatic man.
The constitutions of the United States are full of the relative principles of law and moral science, well applied and perspicuously arranged.
Centuries passed without a regular and perspicuous disquisition of the British constitution, when at length De Lolme, of Switzerland, presented a handsome attempt in a single volume. The first year of the constitution of the United States gave birth to a more voluminous, and far more learned and profound disquisition of that brief but pithy instrument, under title of the federalist .
"The defence of the constitutions of the United States," as they existed in the time of the first confederation of 1781 is a collection of historical materials, of more extent, than any, at this moment remembered, upon the subject of forms of government. They are susceptible of application to very useful purposes, in combination with other materials, and if used by a writer of constitutional principles.
Since the separation of America from England, a new branch of law writing has become necessary. The American reporters are numerous and increasing. A number of those, which have been prepared in scenes, in which strict common law notions have been always prevalent, are highly meritorious. A number of equal merit have arisen within the spheres of the regular courts of equity or chancery. The rest contribute materially to the promotion of justice, though less conformable to technical regularity.
The commentaries of Blackstone have undergone an American republication, in a manner calculated to adapt them to the use of this country, by means of learned notes and considerable appendices.
* Mr. Hume has shaken all faith in Mr. De Lolme, in the minds of wise and learned Englishmen. Mr. De Lolme is completely refuted as to the colonial constitutions by the Farmer's letters of Mr. Dickenson, which have been translated into all languages.
America, in this very early stage of her existence has produced an Epic poem of real merit, founded on the great event in her own recent history, which occasioned her to assume a place among the nations of the earth. The imagery, machinery and ornaments are fictitious. The events are recorded by the head, the heart & the hand of truth. If considered in a manner unconnected with the prejudices of that time or of this, and if it be remembered that to write a history of the living generation is the task of uncommon talents, rendered far more difficult by a poetic dress, the impartial world will give to our country a very liberal credit for this fruit of its genius and learning.
In no species of literary composition have the people of the United States exhibited greater or more diversified knowledge, or more real abilities than in the writing of essays upon the various interesting subjects of the day. The chamber of the press may be considered as a great national forum, co-extensive with our dominions, in which from its substantial freedom, every person is free to rise and deliver his sentiments, for the consideration and judgment of his country. With minds, as free and firm as our institutions, it is easy to believe that writings of the most precious value may thus appear. Nothing can be suppressed. Every thing may be discussed. Truth, which is ordained even from infantine minds, flows often here from the untutored pen. Yet genius and learning have also their full opportunity.
Errors, however supported, may be ultimately exploded by means so powerful and free, though interest may govern and modify the conduct of influential and powerful individuals.
Considering how much the history of this country was involved in that of late our entire empire till 1776, it is a strong fact upon the subject under consideration, fourteen histories, general or partial, on the American subject have been written in this country, and perhaps more.
It is considered that geographical dictionaries, manuals, and systems, as well general as American, for puerile and juvenile instruction, and for the information of mature and strong minds, have been compiled and written with uncommon correctness.
In the poetic walk, the general appearances are yet rather symptomatic than decisive. The taste in poetry, particularly in our own language and in the Latin, is discriminating and correct.
Literature and science have intimate and important relations to the theory and practice of medicine. The range of study requisite to the formation of a learned and successful physician is undoubtedly more extended than that, which is necessary even to the more important character of a minister of religion, as well as to that of a practitioner of the law, a judge or chancellor. There is no department of learned composition, to which the U. S. have recently applied greater attention than that connected with the healing art. We may safely claim a very considerable share of the requisite talents in this humane, indispensable and elevated branch of human affairs. Many of the physicians of the United States have studied in Europe in the schools and under the direction of Linnæus, Hater, Cullen, Monro, Fourcroy and Chaptal, and other eminent teachers in medicine, and now exhibit a successful combination of the genius and practice of the new world with the learning and experience of the older nations.
From the form and nature of our governments, the communications, reports and correspondence of the principal officers, are voluminous and frequent. They display an intimate knowledge of the right theory and practice of public affairs. It is probable that the memorable communications of the Secretary Jefferson in 1793, taken as an entire work, are not exceeded in point of composition, sense and business, by any diplomatic volume of the old world; and though the subsequent volume of the late Secretary Madison on the colonial trade, was limited to a single object, yet its literary merit and argumentative force entitle it to the highest range among the diplomatic classics.
The American character on the subject of women is nature ameliorated and refined by reason, morals and religion . The Servaglios and nunneries,
which respectively injure the character and happiness of Turkey and Italy, are both here unknown. Woman, in America, receives justice, enjoys freedom, and is the best friend of man. Not only our hearts but our just minds confess their merits, and since virtue is wisdom , we are led to question, in their favor, the superior sense of those whose characters are imbued with rapine, voluptuousness, tyranny, crafty devices and wild ambition. The venerable Hannah Penn or Martha Washington had each surely more of wisdom and of virtue than an Arnold or a Burr . The influence and authority of women is most high in that religious society, which approaches as near as any other to the true standard of religion, morals and public usefulness; or in other words, to the most sound criterion of public and private wisdom and virtue. One happy and conclusive evidence of the real merits and of the strong influence of the women of this country, is to be found in the rarity of conjugal infidelity in that part of society, in which it is most frequent in the old world. The increasing attention of parents, brothers, guardians and husbands to female education and improvement, and the progressive amelioration of our laws on the female subject, are substantial proofs of a reflected attachment to our mothers, our wives, our daughters and our sisters. Not only the feudal system, but every minute fragment of that scheme, which considered women as nought in the creation, is abrogated in America. For the doctrine of coverts is founded in a considerable degree on the sound position, that the peace of society requires all property to have a lawful owner. Considering woman as subjected to a variety of injuries by her defenceless and attractive nature, the American character, upon this subject, is not less estimable than that of any other people of former ages or of the present time.
The term of American existence is not yet thirty-four years. Considering our numbers as two millions of white persons in the first year and seven now, the medium is found at three millions and one half. For a number so inconsiderable, the persons of light estimation, who have lived in that short period is surely not small. Were it not liable to objection, it is believed that ten or twenty names, not inferior in high desert and talent to an equal proportion from any other country, according to its population, might be safely inscribed upon the tablet of competition. The weight of such a fact is the more important, because the Americans of the last thirty-four years were not educated to public life, and were unexcited by the rich collections, in every walk of human talent, which elicit the fruits of genius in the old world. Many of our best and wisest men had not seen Europe before they were high on the records of deserved fame. Many have never seen any country except our own. If we desire to appreciate the benefits of an adventurous intimacy with the works of humanity, industry, art and science upon the youthful mind, we may find them in the rich and varied acquisitions of the conquering Romans from subjugated Greece. In half a century after the fall of Athens, illuminated Italy shone in its brightest age. 'Tis not the voice of partiality or adulation therefore which suggests for the liberal consideration of the world, as the judges in our cause, that Washington, nor Greene, nor Rittenhouse, nor Madison, ever beheld the instructive exhibitions of enlightened Europe.
COLUMBIANUS.
THE SIEGE OF FLUSHING.
The following interesting letter from an officer at Lord Chatham's head-quarters, giving a melancholy relation of the sufferings of the innocent and unoffending inhabitants of Flushing, during the bombardment and conflagration of that city, is copied from the London Courier of the 29th August.
THE EXPEDITION.
"Head quarters, Ter-Goës, South Beveland, Aug. 23."
"Since the surrender of Flushing, nothing has occurred in these islands of sufficient interest or importance to merit a special communication. This real or apparent interruption of active operations has given rise to a variety of conjectures and much regret. The reduction of Flushing by means of regular approaches and bombardment, had already consumed much precious time; and those who consider celerity as the great element of military success were naturally anxious to see the investing force transferred from before the surrendered fortress to a scene of active service. Whilst this feeling universally pervaded the army, and the inhabitants who wished its operations to be crowned with success, it was a source of much disappointment to learn, that a delay of twenty four hours after the time stipulated for the evacuation of the fortress by the prisoners of war, was to take place. This delay, though by some represented as granted upon the request of the French commandant, was by others, and these not the worst informed upon such subjects, attributed to an inadvertent mistake on the part of one of the English commissioners for negotiating the terms of capitulation. The conditions of surrender had at first been prepared in the shape of a rough draft, into which all the necessary alterations and interlineations might be introduced, previously to the making a fair copy which was to be the official instrument, and signed, in form, by the commissioners on both sides. When the whole process had, after some time and discussion, been completed, it was not thought necessary to preserve both the interlined rough draft and the executed document; and consequently, one was destroyed; but it was not till the commissioners reached head quarters, that it was discovered that it was the unexecuted rough draft only that was preserved. Without an authentic instrument the terms of the capitulation could not be acted upon; & hence arose the delay of 24 hours in the final execution of them, according to the representations of persons professing to be well informed upon the subject. No blame is perhaps attributable for the mistake if even this statement be correct; but, unquestionably, the loss of a single day, when so much depended upon expedition, is a ground of much regret. Some little jealousy, too, has been stated to have existed between two of the highest officers in the command of the army, respecting the appointment of commissioners; one considering it as his right, by virtue of his having arranged and directed all the operations of the siege; whilst the other exercised the right of actual appointment, in virtue of his authority as commander in chief. This has been rumored in the military circles; but it is due to both these officers to state, that the most perfect harmony and cordiality seem uniformly to have subsisted betwixt them throughout all the operations of the campaign."
"The situation of the town of Flushing, when put into the possession of the British army, and British subjects were admitted to see it, was deplorably frightful. Scarcely a house had escaped damage, and nearly two-thirds of the whole were in a state of smoking ruins; or though still standing, much shattered, and tottering to the foundation. The dead bodies had, however, been removed, and consigned precipitately to their graves. Great numbers of the inhabitants suffered, perhaps not less in the whole than 500; and those who escaped, were chiefly indebted for safety to the shelter of their cellars, or where they had none, to the humanity of their neighbours who had. In one case, that of an English family long resident in the town, the extensive vaults under their houses were thrown open to the inhabitants, without distinction of age or sex, of country or religion; and it is gratifying to add, that of above 300 persons who took refuge there, not one suffered injury, though the house had been repeatedly perforated with cannonballs, rockets, and bombs."
"Whilst the town and its unfortunate inhabitants were thus exposed to the destructive effects of the bombardment, more terrible than any upon record, the merciless commandant took possession of the vaults under the Stadt-house, where he continued feasting, and unafflicted by the havoc and lamentations that surrounded him on all sides, until that great pile became itself a victim to the flames, and threatened to bury the cause of its destruction under the mass of its ruins. When driven from this lading hole, he is represented by some of his own officers, as having passed from one vault to another, until he reached that under his own house, where he was, when the inevitable destruction, to which he had
never before been exposed, compelled him to unconditional surrender. He is justly an object of execration in the town, which he has successively pillaged, oppressed, and laid in ashes; whilst the second in command, a brave and generous soldier, who fearlessly shared the dangers of the bombardment with his comrades and the inhabitants, is the object of their common respect and esteem."
"The offensive stench which proceeded from the half smothered flames, on the first entrance of the British, added considerably to the effecting impression produced by the sight of so much havoc and human misery. But the desolation is not confined to the town or the present season. The desperate measure of opening the sluices, resorted to by the French general, has laid a considerable portion of the island under water, and caused an extent of mischief, which it will be the work of three years to repair. Had the inundation taken place some months sooner it would not have been attended with the same injurious consequences; but at this season, when the power of evaporation is so small, and the quantity of autumnal rains so considerable, the mischiefs must be greatly aggravated before the interposition of a dry summer can arrest its progress. The inundation was widely spreading throughout the British lines; and if the sluices had continued open 48 hours longer, it would have been impossible to have prosecuted the operations of the siege. The bombardment took place at a critical moment; and the unparalleled gallantry with which the battery was carried that commanded the sluices, put an end to the danger, and ensured the conquest of the town. It is an opinion prevalent here, that the town might have been carried by assault on the first night. The French prisoners admit their panic to have been so great when driven into town, that they found it impossible to muster a single company, still less a regiment; and if any compassion be expressed for the situation of the town, before an inhabitant, it uniformly produces this observation: "Whose fault is it, that the town suffered so much? Why did not your army come in at once, and then you would have taken possession of the town without 100th part of the injury, and with one third of the loss?" Indeed it has been stated, that a proposition was made in the first instance to carry the town by assault; but the proposal was declined, from a humane regard for the safety of the innocent inhabitants, who might fall victims to an assault. This is only rumor, and upon such a ground it is not right to draw injurious inferences; and certain it is, that whether Flushing could or could not have been taken by assault, the utmost skill and gallantry were displayed in its final reduction."
"The loss of the French by the bombardment, must have been immense; but the time allowed between the execution of the instrument of capitulation, and actual surrender of the fortress of the British troops, enables them to remove most of the evidences of its extent. In one small hovel near the battery on the left of the town, above 300 of their dead reposed together under a very superficial covering of sand. Any estimate of the number of inhabitants killed can yet but be conjectural, as the mutilated and undistinguishable remains of many unfortunate victims are every hour taken out of the ruins, and instantly deposited in a shell for promiscuous interment. But of all descriptions of the inhabitants, the burghers suffered the most. On the morning after the first bombardment, ninety of that class, many of them of considerable respectability, were borne to their graves; and the number of their dead could scarcely have been inferior on the second day. This extraordinary havoc amongst that particular class, arose from their having been compelled, previously to the siege, by general Monnot, to form themselves into a corps of city militia, for the purpose of maintaining the police of the town, but with the real design of putting them into a state for service against any British force that might be employed against the fortress. Accordingly, on the first investment of the town, the corps of burghers had the post of honor assigned to them, on the most exposed parts of the fortifications. In this perilous service they were compelled to remain during the whole of the successive bombardments, and to this circumstance is owing the great

loss that ensued amongst them. At one time, when they could no longer withstand the tremendous fire from the British batteries and ships, the corps of burghers attempted to retreat from the ramparts, but were met by the French with fixed bayonets and, as may be well supposed, reluctantly forced to face that danger they sought to avoid, in order to escape the more inevitable destruction in the hands of their oppressors. The consequence was, that they suffered most grievously, whilst scarce a gun was discharged against the British line or fleet that was not pointed by Dutch hands.
Of a corps of burgher cannoniers, consisting of 32, two only escaped, all the rest having been either killed or dreadfully wounded. From the active part they took in the defence of the town, it was impossible that their conduct could be passed over without some notice. The commander in chief, therefore, as soon as the British troops were in possession of the town, ordered the corps of burghers not before him, with their arms and accoutrements; but, upon its being proved, that they had been forcibly obliged to assist in the defence of the town, he directed that they should lay down their arms, and did not think it necessary to notice any further their previous hostility.
Immediately upon the fall of Flushing, arrangements were made for the distribution of the forces employed in the lines before that town. The obvious and alarming accumulation of the enemy's troops on the opposite shore of Cadzand rendered it necessary to leave a much stronger garrison in Flushing, and the other fortresses of the island, than would otherwise have been necessary. Bernadotte himself was said to be in that quarter at the head of 13,000 men, with the avowed intention of attempting the re-conquest of Walcheren. The French camp became visible, and was observed to be gradually increasing, from Flushing. In such a state of things, and as it was in contemplation to secure the possession of Middleburg, by planting above one hundred pieces of cannon upon its points of defence, it was not at once that all the arrangements could have been completed, as well for adjusting the strength and proportions of the different garrisons, as for expediting the march of the remainder of the troops from the lines to reinforce the main body of the army in South Beveland.
A delay of some days consequently succeeded; and it was not till the 20th or 21st, that the last of the troops had been removed from the lines. Some of the most distinguished battalions have been left in Walcheren. The 35th, 77th, colonel Cochrane's corps of detachments and three companies of artillery, form the chief of the garrison of Flushing, of which fortress general Picton is governor. The 81st, with the marines, garrison Campvere; the 26th are at Arnemeyde, and the 71st and 81st form part of the garrison of Middleburg, of which general Somerford is governor. The whole British force retained in the island, including artillery, cavalry, and other corps, the 23d and 63d, not already specified, is estimated at nine or ten thousand men. So that if, in the absence of the main body of the army, the French should make any attempt upon the island, they will not fail to meet a warm reception and a brave resistance. Bernadotte is represented as collecting some hundreds of gun-boats from Boulogne, &c. through the canals in the interior, with a view to some offensive operation. Whatever may be the extent of the enemy's preparations or views, his appearance in force upon the coast of Cadzand has operated already as a diversion in favor of Antwerp, and against the accomplishment of the ulterior objects of our expedition: and so strong is the impression that this demonstration of the enemy is serious that the inhabitants of Flushing are terrified at the prospect of another bombardment, and the British governor finds it necessary to adopt nearly all the precautions that could be called for by the presence of an enemy before his fortress. The centinels are doubled every night; none of the inhabitants are allowed upon the ramparts; no vessel, even British, is permitted to enter or leave the harbor without a passport; and the strictest regulations are enforced with respect to the entrance or departure of all persons, not connected with the army or the navy at the gates of the town. General Fraser was appointed commander in chief in the island; but as he returned to England ill, sir Eyre Coote has gone back from this place to take the command there; with an understanding however, that if the further objects of the expedition are to be prosecuted, that gallant officer is still to go on as second in command with the army.
It was not till Monday the 21st that the head quarters of the commander in chief were removed from Middleburg to this town. If it were not for the march of all the troops that could be spared from Walcheren, towards this island, it would have been natural to suspect that the slow removal of the head-quarters was an omen of abandonment of all ulterior objects, so far at least as the army could be employed for their attainment. But the continued transmission of troops and the advance of head-quarters left no room to doubt that something more would be attempted, if not accomplished on this side. Before the commander in chief left Middleburg, he issued the annexed proclamation, which was yesterday posted in this town also. This is the only town of any consequence upon this island. The troops are consequently quartered in the several small villages with which these islands abound. They may be all assembled in twenty-four hours, for actual service; but a variety of circumstances concur in support of the impression that nothing further will be attempted. Lord Chatham provisionally removed his head quarters to the position occupied by Sir John Hope, opposite Bergen-op-Zoom, on Wednesday. On the same day Sir Eyre Coote came over from Walcheren with his whole staff and suit, and proceeded to the advanced head quarters, as was supposed, for the immediate commencement of active operations; but yesterday he returned to Walcheren. A council of war has been held—a circumstance, which shews either that some doubt as to the propriety, or some difficulty as to the means of a movement in advance, exists. The influence of the climate begins to be felt by both officers & privates. The complaint is an endemic intermittent, which though seldom fatal, is still always tedious.
“On the whole, when the large detachment to Walcheren is considered; when the consequent reduction of the active army, the increased difficulty of further operations, from the matured and extensive operations of the enemy, are taken into review, it is most probable that nothing further will be attempted. Undoubtedly if any immediate advance were intended, sir E. Coote, the second in command, who has hitherto conducted all the active operations of the army, would not have been sent back to Walcheren yesterday with the whole of the staff and suite that accompanied him hither from Walcheren but the day before, in the expectation of proceeding upon immediate service. Besides, it is confidently asserted here, that sir John Hope, and other generals, have strongly protested against any movement in advance, under the present circumstances, whatever might have been their opinion of such a proceeding at an earlier period of the campaign. At all events, it is notorious that a considerable difference of opinion prevailed upon the subject in the council of war. But, if something be not done without further delay, it is not unlikely that instead of being the attacking, the British army may be the assailed party; as the enemy have had full time to collect a large force, and the channel between Bergen-op-Zoom and South Beveland may be passed by fording. Of the operations of the navy nothing is known here, but from rumors which it would not be right to communicate, because it is impossible to judge what dependence is to be placed upon them. The measures resorted to by those in authority for obstructing the usual channels of information of that description, have been so vigorous, and certainly so effectual, that all access to such intelligence has been completely closed: otherwise the arrangements made for the early communication of such events as may have taken place, were of such a nature as to render a priority of intelligence certain and infallible. No change has taken place in the quarters of the troops since the arrival of the commander in chief. Lord Rosslyn and Lord Paget are here: the former is ill, but superceded in his chief command by the arrival of Lord Chatham.”
“Yesterday intelligence was received here that the differences between America and France have been adjusted, and that the Wasp sloop of war was on the point of leaving America for France, with the ratification of a treaty between the two countries. This has excited a strong apprehension here that war between America and England will be the result of the new situation in which the two countries are placed, as the annexed quotations sufficiently evince, at which very extensive sales have been made.
“We have for some time past, stated to you that we did not participate in the growing apprehensions of late, as to difficulties likely to arise out of the non-ratification of Mr. E.'s arrangements. The President's proclamation, however, gives us some cause to fear, that Mr. Jackson may meet with greater difficulties in the negotiation, than we were previously inclined to expect. Still we cannot consider war as even a probable event, and the very circumstance which has given rise so generally to that apprehension in others, namely, the good understanding which it is now believed subsists between America and France, is the very ground on which we found our hopes of an accommodation of the differences between England and America. It is said America secures her right to trade with all places not actually blockaded, England not excepted. In that case the very ground of our blockading system so far as respects America, is taken away, and we ought to expect that it will be accordingly given up, which we conceive must facilitate the settlement of our disputes.
“It is believed that wheat has sustained injury, but to what extent cannot at present be ascertained; the general opinion, however, may be judged of best by the prices.”
PRICES OF THE AMERICAN PRODUCE.
Liverpool, Sept. 12, 1809. Wheat, 15s a 16s 3d. per 70lb.; flour, superfine fresh and sweet, 54s a 66s; do. tasting of garlic, 52 a 53s per bbl.; rice, new, 37s a 38s; old, 35s a 36s; ashes, pot, 63s a 65s; pearl, 67s a 68s; turpentine, 32s a 40s per cwt.; tar, 38s a 41s bbl.; staves w.o barrel, 19l. a 23l.; hogshead, 28l a 32l.; pipe, 35l a 42l per m.; pine timber, New England, 4s 4d a 4s 6d per foot; tobacco, leaf, 6d a 15d; stemmed, 12d a 16d; cotton, Sea Island, 2s 4d a 2s 8d; New Orleans, 22d a 2s; Upland, 21d a 22 1/2d; Tennessee 22d a 23d per lb.; flax seed, for crushing, 95s a 100s per bhd.; clover seed, red, fine, 105s; bark, quercitron, 20s a 50s per cwt.
London, Sept. 6.—The troops are rapidly returning from South Beveland. On Sunday and Monday several troops of the 2d light cavalry of the German legion, which had been disembarked at Ramsgate, arrived at Canterbury, where they at present remain. A detachment also of the 2d, or Queen's Bay's, marched on Monday; and the remainder of the regiment with the 3d, or king's dragoons, yesterday, to occupy their former quarters. The Earl of Chatham, it is reported, arrived in town this morning.
A great difference of opinion is said to prevail between the naval and military commanders relative to the practicability of effecting the objects of the late expedition. There is no doubt that the subjects must undergo a serious investigation. It must be ascertained why an expedition so admirably planned, and so well equipped was not more successful. But it seems that if ministers do not oppose inquiry, they are to be accused of baseness and desertion of the man whom they appointed. The late ministry they would set their faces against inquiry; they wish ministers to refuse investigation. They would lay down the doctrine, that those who appoint an officer to any station, are bound to protect and screen him in it, whatever may be his conduct! The snare for ministers is clumsily laid; they are not likely to fall into it.
A Gottenburg mail arrived this morning. The intelligence brought by it is of as little importance as that brought by the mails for some time. We no longer feel that interest for the Swedish affairs which we did before the gallant monarch was deposed because he disdained to crouch at the feet of Bonaparte and the Emperor Alexander.
The Gazette of last night contains the dispatches from General Stuart, relative to his operations against Ischia and Procida, and from General Carmichael relative to the surrender of the city of St. Domingo. Gen. Stuart says, his object was “to make such a movement as, although it should pro-
duce no issue of achievement to ourselves, might still operate a diversion in favor of our Austrian allies, under the heavy pressure of reverse with which we had learned at the period, they were bravely but unequally struggling.”
The consequence of this movement was, that a considerable body of troops which had been recently detached from Naples as a reinforcement to the army in Upper Italy, as well as almost the whole of the troops which had been sent into the Roman states to aid the late usurpation of the Papal dominions, were precipitately recalled on our first appearance on the coast. Such was the issue of “the late desultory invasion of the Neapolitan coast,” which however could “by no means be conceived to attach to Sir John Stuart,” as we were assured in a paper of yesterday; which assurance so seasonably made was as effectually confirmed by the Gazette that appeared in the course of the evening, in which the first sentence that meets the eye is a declaration on the part of Sir John Stuart, that the project “had been formed by himself and rear admiral Martin!”
Sir John Stuart's dispatches do not evince any intention of abandoning either Ischia and Procida, which the last French papers asserted we had evacuated. An attempt against the Castle of Scylla failed in the first instance—but the enemy afterwards did the business for us—they blew up the works of Scylla, repaid us with interest for some stores they had previously taken from us, leaving us not only those stores, but an immense quantity of ordnance and stores of their own, which has been placed in depot, preparatory to an intended invasion of Sicily.
The following is an extract of a letter from an officer at Messina, to his friend, dated July 18, 1809:—“Since I wrote you last, I have had a few shot and shells flying about my ears; I allude to the siege of Scylla, in Calabria, from which we were obliged to retreat, after dismounting all the guns of the castle by the fire from our batteries; we had only 2000 men, and the French brought down 6000 infantry & 500 cavalry; they pursued us to our boats, and our rear guard kept up a skirmish with their advance; we left our cannon, stores, &c. behind us, but the French retreating, we went over a second time, and brought away our own stores, together with theirs, to the amount of 12,000l. On the morning we opened the batteries, I was appointed with 50 men to supply them with ammunition, so that I was in the thick of it, without so much as receiving a scratch, although I had had some shells burst very near me.”
No firing or rejoicing have been heard upon the French coast—we doubt the report received in Holland of peace having actually been signed between France and Austria.
Several letters from Corunna of the 24th ult. notice the activity of the preparations making at Ferrol, to remove the naval force in that port to Cadiz. The utmost diligence is employed in equipping the vessels, and jury-masts and some necessary stores were daily expected from this country. This precaution is not taken from any apprehension of immediate danger, but as the harbour is of difficult egress in many directions of the wind, and as the French, by a daring enterprise, might disappoint the object proposed, the marine department at Ferrol has determined upon this measure. The army of the marquis De la Romana was not precisely in the position before represented; he had not proceeded further than the city of Leon, and was ready to march either to the north or to the south, towards Madrid, as circumstances should require. In the mean time being apprised of the abandonment of the ports of Biscay by the French, gen. Ballesteros had received instructions to return to Santander, and was already in the vicinity with a competent force, with which the English frigates on that station, some of which had already arrived off the port, were to co-operate if necessary. It was reported at Corunna that the marquis had been nominated president of the central junta, and that great benefit was expected from the appointment of this distinguished officer to such an elevated rank in the supreme council of his country. In Galicia they were apprised of the events of Talavera, and of the subsequent retreat of the allied armies. They speak in honorable terms of British discipline and valor. It is said that a great many traitors in the French interest have been discovered and punished in Corunna. The populace, we are told, took summary vengeance on these criminals, who expiated their perfidy on the gallows during the night, and were publicly exposed on scaffolds the ensuing morning, as a warning to the disaffected.
A vessel is arrived from Bilbao, with skins and wool, after a short passage of five days. We understand no molestation was given during her loading, or navigation down the river to Portugalete; and that three more ships, with cargoes from the same place, are hourly expected. The information that she has brought is, that there are no French garrisons in the extensive range of coast from Santander to St. Sebastian, the whole of the troops in that direction having proceeded by Orduna, Burgos, and Segovia, toward Madrid and Santa Olalla to reinforce the army of Victor.
Nine ships from Anchoagel, supposed to be worth 200,000l. have been taken by a Danish privateer; and by the last accounts six other privateers were cruising off the bar, to take the ships as they came out, so that it appears impossible for a vessel to escape.
Sept. 7.—A Gottenburg mail arrived yesterday. The Swedish papers speak of hostile movements still carried on against the emperor of Russia, in Finland; at the same time a convoy of Swedish vessels has been allowed to enter the harbor of Wismar. On the arrival of this convoy off that port, the duke of Mecklenburg, the sovereign of the country, did not dare to permit its admittance, but recommended an appeal to higher authority; and on a proper application being made to the French minister at Travemunde, he graciously issued an order that Wismar & Rostock should be open to Swedish vessels furnished with proper papers.
We have inserted to day from the Journal de l'Empire an interesting article, professing to be a connected narrative of the late operations of the French army in the Tagus. It is gratifying to detect, even in this artfully composed statement, a silent confession of the victory gained by the British troops at Talavera; so that had this publication reached this country before the arrival of our own dispatches, we should, from the enemy's account, have confidently inferred that the victory was in our favor. After describing with great diffuseness the English position, and adding that Joseph Bonaparte was, nevertheless, resolved to attack it; the writer digresses, and relates the accounts received of Venegas' approach to Madrid:—“The King desired to save his capital. The battle was sanguinary. The enemy defended his position with the greatest obstinacy, but he sustained so great a loss, that he, during the night, resolved to abandon Talavera. The king slept on the field of battle. To renew the attack the next morning would have been abandoning the capital to Venegas, and the king resolved to march towards Madrid.” This is as explicit a confession that the attack of the 28th was successfully repelled as could be expected in a French newspaper. That this victory should have proved ultimately fruitless, we have before had occasion to lament.
Accounts are said to have been received from Spain, which state, that the marquis de Romana was at Leon with a part of his army. The remainder was at Cindad Rodrigo. It was not certain whether he would adopt the resolution of marching towards Madrid, or of following Soult to the southward. He had detached general Ballesteros to take possession of St. Ander, and the other ports on the bay of Biscay, whence the French had withdrawn all their men to strengthen the force collected against Lord Wellington and Cuesta. A number of persons attached to the French interest have been seized by the populace at Corunna, and hung up during the night. They remained exposed the following day. Executions are made at Ferrol to fit out ships of war, and to convey them for security to Cadiz.
We lay the following statement before the public without pledging ourselves for its authenticity.
“The length of the negotiations between Austria and France has surprised those who from the terms of the armistice inferred that Austria was prepared to accede to such terms as France might demand. But the delay is said to have been occasioned by Russia, who has spirited up Austria to refuse Bonaparte's conditions—and who feels herself to have been treated by him with considerable slight and indeed insolence. In the first place as the Russians advancing into Galicia were to press Austria on that side, the emperor Alexander felt it insulting to him, that the Austrian arms should be ordered to be taken down and the French put up without any previous consultation or communication with him. In the next place, the emperor was affronted at Bonaparte's stipulating, of his own accord, for the Russian army, that it should cease operations at a certain time, and that it should evacuate Cracow. He requested some explanation with respect to Bonaparte's intentions relative to Austrian Poland, which Bonaparte is said to have declined giving him, alleging that the fate of that country would be decided by
the length of the negotiations between Austria and France has surprised those who from the terms of the armistice inferred that Austria was prepared to accede to such terms as France might demand. But the delay is said to have been occasioned by Russia, who has spirited up Austria to refuse Bonaparte's conditions—and who feels herself to have been treated by him with considerable slight and indeed insolence. In the first place as the Russians advancing into Galicia were to press Austria on that side, the emperor Alexander felt it insulting to him, that the Austrian arms should be ordered to be taken down and the French put up without any previous consultation or communication with him. In the next place, the emperor was affronted at Bonaparte's stipulating, of his own accord, for the Russian army, that it should cease operations at a certain time, and that it should evacuate Cracow. He requested some explanation with respect to Bonaparte's intentions relative to Austrian Poland, which Bonaparte is said to have declined giving him, alleging that the fate of that country would be decided by
the length of the negotiations between Austria and France has surprised those who from the terms of the armistice inferred that Austria was prepared to accede to such terms as France might demand. But the delay is said to have been occasioned by Russia, who has spirited up Austria to refuse Bonaparte's conditions—and who feels herself to have been treated by him with considerable slight and indeed insolence. In the first place as the Russians advancing into Galicia were to press Austria on that side, the emperor Alexander felt it insulting to him, that the Austrian arms should be ordered to be taken down and the French put up without any previous consultation or communication with him. In the next place, the emperor was affronted at Bonaparte's stipulating, of his own accord, for the Russian army, that it should cease operations at a certain time, and that it should evacuate Cracow. He requested some explanation with respect to Bonaparte's intentions relative to Austrian Poland, which Bonaparte is said to have declined giving him, alleging that the fate of that country would be decided by
THE LATEST FROM ENGLAND.
By the ship Suwarow, Ingle, arrived at this port yesterday, in 44 days from Liverpool, the editors of the Freeman's Journal have received their files of London papers to the 8th of September. Their contents are not interesting. The papers talk of the probable trial of Lord Chatham in regard to the failure of the expedition to the Dutch coast.
Extract of a letter from Liverpool, dated Sept. 12, 1809, received by the Suwarow.
“The President's proclamation of the 9th ult. was received here on the 9th inst. On that day, however, we believe its contents were only known to a few though the disposition to speculate was generally more strongly manifested than we ever recollect on

the peace between him and Austria. Bonaparte had begun the negotiation without paying any attention to Russia. The latter, therefore, desired to take part in them, and to send a minister. Bonaparte alleged that the contest was solely between Austria and himself—Russia urged that as her aid had been demanded to carry on the war, she had a fair claim to be made a party in the negotiations that were to lead to peace. It was at last consented that a Russian minister should be admitted. On this account the conferences did not really begin till the 27th of last month, though Bonaparte had previously been doing every thing in his power, alternately using menaces and making promises, to induce the emperor Francis to subscribe to his terms."
The report circulated last night, of an Austrian messenger having arrived with an account of the preliminaries of peace having been signed, is, we are enabled to state, without any foundation.
It is rumored that the duke of Brunswick Oels has received intelligence from the continent, informing him of the Prussian army having been suddenly ordered to be encamped, and of his Prussian majesty having lately sent three couriers to the Austrian headquarters.
Dispatches from Lord Wellington. Advices have been received this morning by government from Lord Wellington, dated Truxillo, the 21st inst. Our army had been extremely distressed for want of provisions, and his lordship had been obliged to fall back, and was on the road to Elvas. The enemy had not passed the Tagus, except with a body of cavalry, near Alcobaca, which took the cannon of Cuesta's rear guard. Soult was at Placentia; Ney at Salamanca; Mortier, Victor, and Sebastiani, in Estramadura and La Mancha. Sir R. Wilson had had an action with Ney's army near Banos, and after nine hours fighting, was obliged to retreat through the mountains. Cuesta resigned his command on the 12th, and general Liquie had succeeded him.
St. Petersburg, (Russia) June 23. Our Court Gazette contains the following remarks on the declaration of Mr. Canning in the English Parliament, that the British government did not wish Sweden to continue the war:
It is here apparent, that the inclination of the Swedish government to be at war with Russia was censured even in England, by well-informed persons. From the Russian declaration, which was published at the time, may be seen how much the Russian government endeavored to induce Sweden to abstain from that war, and how easy it would have been for this power to do so. Even England found no great advantage to herself in the war; consequently the Swedish government was hindered by nothing from accepting the proposals made by Russia."
On the declaration of Mr. Canning, that the English government had not occasioned the Austrian war, the Gazette remarks—
"What efforts did not Russia make to divert Austria from this war, and maintain the peace of the continent! At the commencement of the present war, its defenders asserted, that the English treasure would be poured forth, without measure, in support of Austria; and that English fleets and armies would appear in every quarter, and act in concert with Austria. The present declaration of the English ministry shows what slight foundation there was for all these speculations. The English ministry not only do not promise any thing, but even claim honor for having made no definitive promises, for having scrupled forming engagements with Austria, and entangling this power in a premature and sudden war. How much blood would Austria have spared? What exertions and excessive sacrifices might she not have been dispensed from making, if, disregarding the idle declamations of the metropolis, and heated passions, she had given ear to the convictions of what was her interest, and preserved the peace; the reciprocal guarantee of what was offered by Russia & France! A new lesson for all those who change their political system, in compliance with their passions, and not from a persuasion of what is the interest and security of the state."
Most recent statement of Russian Commerce.
From a very interesting work, written by Count Romanzoff, entitled, "State of the Commerce of the Russian Empire from 1802 to 1805," we learn that, in the year 1803, the value of foreign commodities imported into Russia amounted to 55 millions of roubles; and the export to 67 millions of roubles; the duties amounted to 111,000 roubles more than in the preceding year. In 1804, owing to the difficulties of commercial speculations, the imports were minus 6 millions of
roubles, and the exports 3 millions of roubles; although even then, the balance in favor of Russia amounted to 9,517,440 roubles; but in 1805, it amounted to 21,590,968 roubles. In 1805, notwithstanding the almost total stagnation of trade, the imports amounted to 6 millions of roubles, and the exports to 13 1-2 millions of roubles more than in 1804. The balance in favor of Russia, was 25 1-2 millions of roubles. The exports of corn amounted to more than 20 millions of roubles, exceeding those of the preceding year by 12 millions of roubles. The number of ships arrived at and departed from Russian ports stood as follows:—
   Arrived. Sailed.     In 1802 3,730 3,622   1803 4,135 4,157   1804 3,478 3,471   1805 5,332 5,085  
By far the greater part of them English. In 1808, the number of ships trading to the ports of Russia was—
   Arrived 996. Sailed 926.  
WASHINGTON CITY.
FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 3.
The Legislature of New Jersey convened on the 26th ult. and on the next day JOSEPH BLOOMFIELD was re-elected Governor of the state without opposition.
A change of ministers in England is said to be forming, under the countenance of the prince of Wales—the duke of Portland, lord Castlereagh & Mr. Canning to retire.
Lord Grenville, Mr. Windham, earl Grey, Mr. Addington, Mr. Tierney, and Earl Moira, to go into office, and such a general combination of the talents of ins and outs, as to form a broad bottomed administration, able to fight it out.— Aurora.
We understand that the body of armed men who threatened to liberate certain prisoners in Augusta goal, have dispersed. A guard of two companies of militia, however, is still kept up, lest the rioters should re-assemble. Boston Palladium.
On the authority of a letter from the Danish consul at Philadelphia, we state, that not a single American vessel, whose papers have gone regularly through his hands, has been condemned by the Danes.— A. Y. Mer. Ad.
A letter from Amsterdam, dated 15th of August, received via Philadelphia, states that the brig Resort , Burke, from New York for Amsterdam, was captured off the Texel by two French privateers, and has been carried in.— ibid.
Ferdinand VII. completed the 25th year of his age on the 14th ultimo.—The Emperor Napoleon reached his 40th year on the 15th of August last.
A late London paper states that several judges of timber were on the point of embarking for Prince Edward's Island, Quebec, and other parts of America, for the purpose of making large purchases of timber, the scarcity of which in that country has long been severely felt.
Captain SHAW, of the Gossypium , arrived at Savannah from Liverpool, states, that Mr. Pinckney, the American minister at the Court of St. James' had remonstrated to the British government on the conduct of the mob at Liverpool, on the 4th of July last; and that the Americans there had felt so indignant at the treatment experienced on that day, that they had invariably refused ever since to hoist their colors on any occasion.
From London Papers.
A corps of between two and three thousand Hessians, who it was expected would be able to force their way to the banks of the Weser or Jade, were daily looked for at Heligoland, on their way to this kingdom.
The skeleton of a Mammoth, in high preservation (being the second) was lately found on the coast of the White Sea, at the mouth of the river Tana.
On a late short trip in company with the Grand Expedition.
Why went Sir WILLIAM forth so stout, Keen weapons (knife and fork) in hand? He meant to have a cutting bout, At either North or South Beveland.
Why came so soon Sir WILLIAM back? The reason scarce will find belief: When he arrived he found, A LACE! The Bevelands were not lands of beef!
Chillicothe, October 23.
It is with pleasure we can inform our patrons, that the result of the late election in this state, so far as we have been informed, has terminated in favor of the Republican ticket generally, and that the members who have been returned to the Legislature, with very few exceptions, are men of sound politics, moderate, but firm, and well calculated to heal the divisions that have already too much agitated the different departments of government.
By the ship Susan, Capt. Delano, arrived at New-York.
It was reported at Amsterdam, that a peace had been concluded between Austria and France; but the report was not generally believed, though this event had been expected ever since the termination of the armistice. Some difficulties had occurred in the negotiations, and there was a probability at one time, of the re-commencement of hostilities—and, indeed, such is the nature of our devices by this arrival, that it is extremely difficult to determine whether there will be a peace or a continuation of war between these two nations.
Capt. Delano is the bearer of dispatches from Mr. Armstrong, which were sent from Paris by express, and which reached Amsterdam on the 14th of September, the day before the Susan sailed. He also brings out dispatches from the U. States' Schooner Enterprise , Lieut. Tripp, which vessel was to sail for the U. States, in about fourteen days after the Susan . The Montezuma had sailed several days before the Susan , with dispatches for America.
We have no account of the arrival of the Wasp in France. There was barely time for her to have arrived, & the news to have reached Paris and Amsterdam when the Susan sailed, as she did not leave this port till the 16th of August.
The British still held Flushing, and there was no expectation of their being obliged to give it up.
Extract of a letter from Paris, dated September 6.
"We are assured that the American Minister has found on his return here a disposition to enter anew upon negotiations; that orders have been given to the Council of Prizes, to suspend condemnations. It is said that a dispatch ship will be expedited to carry propositions which have been made in substance as follows:—
"That if England will raise her blockade as to France, she will revoke the Berlin decree which declares all the British islands in a state of blockade; that if the orders in Council of November 1807 were revoked, the decree of Milan of the 11th December same year, should also cease.
"We have reason to believe that these facts are true; but we have been so often deceived that we do not permit ourselves to draw any conclusion from them."
[We have seen three other letters which corroborate the above statement.]
Situation of American property carried into Norway.
Extract of a letter from Captain Isaac Stone, of ship America, to his correspondent in Newburyport, dated Christiansand, (coast of Norway) August 16, 1809.
"I left Newcastle the 2d inst. for Gottenburg, and on the evening of the 4th, to the West of the Naze, being almost calm, saw 7 or 8 boats approach me, which I took to be fishing boats, but which proved to be privateers; they began firing, and shewed Danish colors—I hoisted American. They boarded me and demanded my papers; after remonstrating in vain, and explaining to them that the property was neutral and papers all clear, they took out my mate and 4 men, and put on board 16 of the privateersmen, and took me in here. On the 8th I with all the crew underwent an examination before an inferior judge, all which was then submitted to the king's translator, and I am summoned to attend trial on the last day of this month, which I apprehend will be tedious, as all the American cases have been; but cannot think they can possibly condemn me, even by their own laws, established for the government of prize courts and privateers. You will undoubtedly conclude with me that there cannot be any color for condemnation or detention, particularly when I inform you I have in my possession (and the court has now) every requisite document, properly signed and avouched, to prove the legality of the voyage and the neutrality of the ship; yet many American vessels have been condemned at this court, and all have appealed to a higher tribunal at Christiansand; several however have been cleared here by paying costs to the amount of 4 to 600 rix dollars. If I am cleared, prospects are better here than at Gottenburg."
November 3—Standup
amount of 4 to 600 rix dollars. If I am cleared, prospects are better here than at Gottenburg."
"You will perceive I am looking at the bright side of the question—let us turn the tables. In the first place, these people having brought us in, will use all the means in their power to keep us; they have more friends here than we, and privateersmen, you know, are not the most immaculate characters in the world; in the next place our total ignorance of the language will not allow us to make that defence, which our peculiar situation requires; add to this, the impression which prevails here, that America and France are on the eve, if not already at war; they contrive all means to protract trials, and have the strangest complication of forms and ceremonies that perhaps was ever heard of in courts of judicature. They require a defence, before we can possibly know what charges they have against us, and even after vessels are cleared, and the masters led to believe they can proceed, they have been stopped, and new and unheard of documents required before they can pass the forts I understand there have been instances where vessels which have been brought in have been searched very strictly, and their private papers taken, & even one vessel was completely unladed to search for contraband goods; nothing of this however has fallen to my lot, but am treated with civility."
"I cannot conclude without expressing to you the great obligations which myself and all my countrymen are under to Peter Isaacson, esq. merchant of this place, whose generous and friendly interference with this court, in behalf of Americans, (and whose influence and respectability in point of talents and fortune is great) entitles him to all the gratitude we can bestow or express. The American masters and supercargoes here have, with one voice, appointed him as commercial agent, vesting him with all the authority they are able, till the pleasure of our government can be known, and I cannot but hope the government will sanction the appointment."
"By the vessel which conveys this, you will have a list of American vessels in the ports of Norway. The Topaz is at Fleecafjord, about 70 miles from this. Captain Hodge I have not heard of, hope he is gone safe. There is now in this port American property amounting to upwards of two millions of dollars, as per their respective invoices, exclusive of the vessels:—there are 28 Americans here, 11 of which have been condemned."
LATEST FROM SPAIN.
Captain Lawson, of the brig Mary Ann , left Malaga on the 25th of September, at which time it was reported that Sir Arthur Wellesley, with the British army (of whom, it was reported, 14,000 were missing) had retreated to within a short distance of Cadiz, where they halted. The Spanish and Portuguese armies, well provisioned, were determined to resist the French to the utmost extremity.
General Cuesta arrived at Malaga on the 24th of September, in high spirits.
A pilot boat schooner had reached Cadiz from New York, with intelligence of the Non Intercourse law having been renewed.
Colonial produce very low in Spain and Portugal.
New York, Oct. 31.
Last evening arrived at this port, the fast sailing ship Xenophon , 42 days from Liverpool, which port she left on the 16th of July. By her the editor of the Mercantile Advertiser has been favored with the London papers to the 11th of Sept. and Liverpool to the 15th, inclusive, a week later than our former advices from England.
Captain Ingle, informs us, that two pilot boat schooners, dispatched from New York, after landing passengers on the coast of England, arrived at Liverpool on the tenth of September, bringing the first account of the renewal of the American non-intercourse, which had a very serious effect upon the markets for American produce. Cotton rose from seventeen pence to twenty-four and a half; wheat from thirteen to nineteen shillings sterling; and other articles in proportion.
The British army was about leaving Flushing, and it was said were going to the island of Zealand, as troops were getting ready to reinforce them.
The news of a treaty of peace between France and Austria had reached England. Capt. Inglee has brought dispatches for government.
SAM. STETTINIUS,
Pennsylvania avenue, near the Centre Market, has just received and offers for Sale, 20 bundles SHEET IRON, and 20 boxes WINDOW GLASS 10 by 12.
As the above has been purchased advantageously, I will sell them peculiarly low to punctilious dealers for cash or credit.
November 3—Standup
POSTSCRIPT.
Baltimore, Nov.
We stop the press to announce the arrival of the schr. Experiment , capt. Hill, 30 days from Falmouth, England.
Capt. H. left England 2nd Oct. and informs, that there had been a change in the British ministry—
Grenville and Gray had been called to the ministry—the marquis Wellesley recalled from Spain, into which French troops were pouring.
The British troops were leaving Spain and Portugal.
A duel was fought between Lord Castlereagh and Mr. Canning; in which the latter was wounded; not mortally.
Norfolk, Oct. 30.
On Friday night Mr. Jackson's dispatches were received (by express from Baltimore) on board the L'Esperance , and on Saturday Mr. Erskine and his family embarked on board that ship. She sails the first fair wind.
WASHINGTON THEATRE.
On Saturday Evening November 4,
WILL BE PRESENTED,
SELECT SCENES,
From the Opera of the
MOUNTAINEERS,
After which,
Select Scenes from the Comic Farce
of the
REVIEW OR THE WAGS OF WINDSOR.
The whole to conclude with the much admired Pantomime, called
JACK IN DISTRESS
or the
HIPPING LANDLADY.
Doors to be opened at Six o'clock.
Performance to commence at 7 o'clock.
Boxes One Dollar, Pitt Fifty Cents.
(For Characters see Bills.)
November 3—1t
TEN DOLLARS REWARD.
STRAYED from the lower Eastern Branch Bridge on Monday last a large BLACK HORSE, about 16 hands high, uncommonly wide across the hips; was lame when I lost him in the right fore angle, gaited on the left side by the hind part of the saddle pad, bad hoofs before, occasioned by corking himself; his shoes much worn and have lately been removed before; he has a small patch of hair rubbed off his left hip bone, and as well as can be recollected one of his left hind feet is white, paces tolerably well. Who will take up the said horse and bring him to Piscataway, or lodge him in the City where I can hear of him shall receive the above reward with all other reasonable charges.
ROBERT M. KEY.
November 3—
NOTICE.
WAS committed to the jail of Frederick county, Md. on the 10th inst. as a runaway, a Negro man who calls himself HENAW, he is about 5 feet 9 or 10 inches high, well made and very black, with large whiskers, supposed to be about 30 years of age, he has a small scar on his forehead, one on his left eye brow, and a small scar under his left eye, he likewise has a small knot on the back of the right hand, has lost the first joint of the second toe on his left foot. His clothing when committed were a mixed cotton coat, a striped cotton waistcoat, a cotton shirt, a pair of buckskin pantaloons, a fur hat half worn and a pair of shoes. He had with him a large bay horse, saddle, bridle, and saddle-bags, and says he belongs to Mr. John Ray of Bath county, Virginia, about 12 miles from the Warm Springs. The owner is hereby requested to come and release said Negro, otherwise he will be sold for his prison fees agreeably to law.
EZRA MANTZ, Sheriff of Frederick county, Md.
November 3—w6t
The Editors of the American at Baltimore , the Star at Easton and National Intelligence at Washington , are requested to publish the above 8 weeks in their respective papers and forward their accounts.
FIFTY DOLLARS REWARD.
STRAYED or stolen from the subscriber's Waggon, at Rinker's Tavern, near Leesburg, on the night of Wednesday the 25th inst. a HORSE and MARE of the following description, viz. a Sorrel Horse between 15 and 16 hands high, 4 years old last spring, right hind leg white nearly as high as the knee; a round brown spot on the thigh of the left hind leg, blazed face.
The Mare a Sorrel also, near or quite 13 hands high, three years old last spring, a star and snip, short neck. Any person delivering the said horses to the subscriber near Key's Ferry, or to Thomas Lyttleton Moore, in Leesburg, Loudoun county, and apprehending the thief or thieves who may have stolen said horses shall receive the above reward, or $25 for the delivery of the horses with an allowance of all reasonable charges.
DANIEL EVERSOLE.
N. B. The horses were seen at Washington city since being offered to sale; and it is much suspected that they are carried to Baltimore.
Jefferson county, Vir. Nov. 3—3t
VALUABLE PLANTATION FOR SALE.
THE Subscriber will sell at Public Sale on the 18th December next, his Tract of LAND, lying on Collington Branch (adjoining Mr. Walter Bowie's and Mr. Benjamin Dugdale's estates in Prince George's county) containing 272 1-2 acres; the soil little inferior to any in the county. There is a great sufficiency of wood and timber to support the land. This Plantation abounds with meadow ground, part of which has been reclaimed, is in good repair, and under a rent of 5000 pounds crop. Tobacco a year.
Thim improvements are a Dwelling House 26 by 16 feet with a shed; two Large Tobacco Houses, one new, the other lately repaired, a Corn House with Stables, a Negro Quarters, Smoke House and other out-houses.
Terms of sale, one third of the purchase money in cash, the remaining two thirds payable in two equal annual payments, with interest from the day of Sale, the purchaser to give bond with such security as the subscriber shall approve.
GEO. RILEART.
Prince George's county, November 3—2s

Treasury Department, March 28, 1809.
WHEREAS, in conformity with the provisions made by law, for the reimbursement of the Exchange Six per Cent Stock...
PUBLIC NOTICE
It is therefore given to the proprietors of the Certificates of Exchanged Six per Cent Stock...
It is further made known for the information of the parties concerned, that no transfer of the Certificates of Exchanged Stock...
ALBERT GALLATIN.
Secretary of the Treasury.
SCHEDULE
Table with 4 columns: Lot number, Quantity, Price per unit, Total amount. Includes entries for 16,201, 16,218, 16,219, etc.
NOTICE TO BAKERS.
The average Cash price of Superfine Flour in Washington county is ascertained to be $6.50 per barrel.
Agreeably to the directions of the act of the City Council of Washington, regulating the weight and quality of Bread...
FOR NEW YORK, the Schooner WILLIAM KEAYON, Capt. Barry, WILL SAIL in Five days.
BAKER & RIGGS, SIGN OF THE PLOUGH, Have received by the late arrivals, a large supply of FALL GOODS.
WINDOW GLASS
OF VARIOUS SIZES, For Sale WHOLESALE AND RETAIL, At the Glass-Works in this City.
EDWARDS, WAY, & Co. N. B. Sixteen Cents per bushel will be given for clean Oak or Hickory Ashes...
J. WHEATON, Has just received at his New Store, near the Bank, by the Sloop Chancellor, Captain Stone...
FANCY GOODS, Consisting of SUPERFINE First Quality Paris Black, London Brown, and Navy Blue Cloths...
NEW STORE.
THOS. W. FAIRO has just received from Philadelphia and opened in his New Store in F street near the Bank...
CHEAP FALL GOODS.
Amongst which are Superfine blue, black, scarlet, drab, brown, and mixed Cloths, and Superfine drab, black, white and scarlet Cassimeres...
WASHINGTON THEATRE.
CERTIFICATES OF STOCK in the above Institution will be prepared for delivery to the subscribers at Lindsay's Hotel...
LIVING AWAY FROM THE SUBSCRIBER.
Living in Brenton, Prince William County, Virg. on the 11th Aug. 1809, a Mulatto man named CESAR, 21 or 22 years of age...
GERARD ALEXANDER, Sen.
EDUCATION, THE REV. WALTER D. ADDISON of Georgetown, District of Columbia will board and instruct in the Latin and Greek Languages...
LANDS IN THE STATES OF OHIO AND KENTUCKY FOR SALE.
By Virtue of the Last Will and Testament of Robert Means, deceased, the subscriber offers for sale all the Lands of the testator in the states of Ohio & Kentucky.
DANIEL CALL, Executor of Robert Means, dec'd.
Richmond, July 19-4f
THE STOCKHOLDERS in the Bank of Washington are notified that the Third Installment of Two Dollars on each share will become due on Friday the Third of November.
HENRY WHETCROFT, Treasurer of Washington City. Oct. 30.
THE COPARTNERSHIP OF NEWTON & WARD
Was dissolved on the 14th of September by mutual consent: all those in this place having claims against the said firm will bring them in to Honis Newton...
WANTED TO RENT, An ACTIVE BOY of Twelve or Fourteen years of age, who can read and write.
Inquire at the Office. October 1.
PROSPECTUS
OF A NEW REPUBLICAN NEWSPAPER, To be established in Fredericktown, Maryland entitled, "THE FREEMAN OF FREDERIC."
The support of the united republican interest of Frederic county and the state at large is solicited in favor of a decided, independent and inflexible Democratic press...
To enable an Editor, therefore, satisfactorily to consummate the views of such an engagement, it is highly important, nay indispensable, that such patronage be yielded...
TERMS OF PUBLICATION.
"The Freeman of Frederic," will be issued every Thursday evening to subscribers in town; those at a distance will receive it through the customary channels.
TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION.
Subscription per year, two DOLLARS— one half in advance, the other in six months. During the month of September, in each year, the paper will be published twice a week free of extra expense.
SHERRIFF'S SALE.
WILL be sold at Public Sale on Thursday the 9th of November next, if fair, if not, the next fair day, on the premises, for cash, the FARM whilom John Orme, at present resides, containing 238 Acres of LAND.
TO RENT, The westernmost of the SIX BUILDINGS, in the city of Washington lately occupied by Mrs. Lansdale.
HONORE MARTIN, Rockville, October 9-1m
FOR SALE, THE following Valuable Property, to wit: a CORNER LOT, situated in square 929, bounded by Eighth and L streets...
N. L. & H. M. QUEEN, Aucts. October 27-2aw2w
DRUGS & MEDICINES.
A fresh Supply just received from New York, at H. CATLETT'S DRUG STORE, F Street Also, PAINTS, OILS, &c. October 18-4f
FOR SALE.
WILL be offered for sale to the highest bidder, at 12 o'clock on Wednesday the 8th day of November next— THE ESTATE On which the subscriber lives in Montgomery county, four miles east of the Court-House, containing 350 and 550 Acres.
This Land is distant from the city of Washington 15, and Baltimore 30 miles— has on it a good Dwelling House, and every other necessary building & a newly erected Distillery...
MONEY LOST.
ABOUT the 20th of July last, a Letter containing two bank notes of one hundred dollars each, was put into the Post office at Winchester, directed to Joseph Janney, Alexandria...
A VALUABLE FARM FOR SALE.
WILL be sold in pursuance of the last Will and Testament of Samuel Turner, Esq., deceased, at Public Sale on the premises on the 15th day of November next...
THE STATE OF MARYLAND, to all whom it may concern.
FREDERICK WILLIAM BRUNE, Esq. having produced to the Governor an exequatur, signed by the President of the United States, and sealed with the seal of the said United States, recognising him as Vice-Consul from his Danish Majesty for the state of Maryland...
BY Virtue of an order from the Orphan's Court of Prince Georges county the Subscribers will expose to Public Sale on Thursday the 9th day of November next...
THE PERSONAL ESTATE of the said Wm. W. Berry consisting of Household & Kitchen Furniture, sundry valuable Negroes, Horses, Cattle, Sheep and Hogs— Also sundry Blacksmith's Tools, and Plantation utensils.
ANN BERRY, Administratrix. ARCHD. VAN HORN, Adm'r. Prince Georges county, Oct. 16-3w
By Montgomery county Orphans court, August 16, 1809.
ON application of Thomas Turner and Samuel Turner, executors of Samuel Turner late of Montgomery county, deceased, to sell the Personal Property of the said deceased.
FOR SALE.
PURSUANT to the above order and on the terms and conditions therein stated, will be exposed to Public Sale at the late dwelling plantation of Samuel Turner, deceased, (about five miles from Montgomery court house) on Friday the 10th day Nov. next...
VERY VALUABLE PROPERTY.
In the City of Washington, to wit: Lot No. 6, in square No. 224, containing 4,618 3/4 square feet. On this Lot, with other improvements, is a large, elegant and commodious (three stories) Brick House, well calculated for an extensive Tavern or Boarding House...
FOR SALE.
By virtue of an order of the Circuit Court of the District of Columbia, for Washington County, will be sold at Public Vendue, at the House of Mr. William Rhodes, Inn-keeper, City of Washington, on SATURDAY, NOVEMBER, at THREE O'CLOCK P. M. the following
THE STATE OF MARYLAND, to all whom it may concern.
FREDERICK WILLIAM BRUNE, Esq. having produced to the Governor an exequatur, signed by the President of the United States, and sealed with the seal of the said United States, recognising him as Vice-Consul from his Danish Majesty for the state of Maryland...
BY Virtue of an order from the Orphan's Court of Prince Georges county the Subscribers will expose to Public Sale on Thursday the 9th day of November next...
THE PERSONAL ESTATE of the said Wm. W. Berry consisting of Household & Kitchen Furniture, sundry valuable Negroes, Horses, Cattle, Sheep and Hogs— Also sundry Blacksmith's Tools, and Plantation utensils.
ANN BERRY, Administratrix. ARCHD. VAN HORN, Adm'r. Prince Georges county, Oct. 16-3w
TO RENT, The westernmost of the SIX BUILDINGS, in the city of Washington lately occupied by Mrs. Lansdale.
HONORE MARTIN, Rockville, October 9-1m
FOR SALE, THE following Valuable Property, to wit: a CORNER LOT, situated in square 929, bounded by Eighth and L streets...
N. L. & H. M. QUEEN, Aucts. October 27-2aw2w
DRUGS & MEDICINES.
A fresh Supply just received from New York, at H. CATLETT'S DRUG STORE, F Street Also, PAINTS, OILS, &c. October 18-4f
NOTICE.
I shall have declined the SALE of my PERSONAL ESTATE as advertised in this paper. R. W. HARWOOD. October 23-4f
SEBASTIAN SPRING TAVERN.
I WILL SELL, an unexpired LEASE of Three years, if an early application is made. Various articles necessary to a Tavern, and some choice Liquors, may be had with it if wanted. A. LINDO, At present in Alexandria. October 23-2w
NOTICE.
I shall have declined the SALE of my PERSONAL ESTATE as advertised in this paper. R. W. HARWOOD. October 23-4f